i iiiiiil iiiiiiiii! dl/r^ (f^-iOii CYCLOPEDIA — OF — NEW JERSEY BIOCRAPHY COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY WITH ASSISTANCE OF THE FOLLOWING ADVISORY COMMITTEE JOSEPH FULFORD FOLSOM, Chairman CorresponOing Secretary of New Jersey Historical Society; Pastor of Clinton Avenue Presljyterian Cliurcli, Newark. HIRAM EDMUND DEATS Recording Secretary and Librarian, Hun- terdon County Historical Society; Life Member American Historical Associa- tion; Life Member Virginia Historical Society; Secretary Board of Trustees of the Peddle Institute; Trustee of the New Jersey Historical Society. CHARLES TIEBOUT COWENHOVEN, A. M. Member of Rutgers College Historical Society; p-x-Judge Middlesex County Court of Common Pleas. ALFRED M. HESTON Author of "Absegami: Annals of Eyren Haven and Atlantic City" (two vols., S5iJ pages); "Slavery and Servitude in New Jersey;" "Defence of Fort Mercer;" "Heston's Hand Book," etc. Member of New Jersey Historical Society and Moi.- mouth County Historical Association. DAVID DEMAREST ZABRISKIE, LL. B. Trustee of Holland Society; ex-Judge Bergen County Court of Common Pleas; President North Jersey Title and Guar- antee Company. JOHN STILWELL APPLEGATE President of Monmouth Bar Association: I*resident of Monmouth County Histori- cal Association; Author of "Early Courts and Lawyers of Monmouth County," etc. FRANK JOHN URQUHART, A. B. Author of School History of Newark; Associate Editor of Newark "Sunday Call." JOHN ALBERT BLAIR, A. M. Ex-Judge Hudson County Court of Com- mon Pleas. GEORGE MASON LA MONTE Hanking and Insurance Commissioner, New Jersey. CARLTON P. HOAGLAND Editor and Proprietor "Somerset Demo- crat." ILLUSTRATED 1916 MEMORIAL HLSIORY COMPANY NEWARK, N. J. Fidl ADVISORY BOARD MAKY DEPUE OGDEN JIONTCLAIK MRS. GARRET A. HOBART MRS. HENRY S. WHITE TATEKSDN KED BANK MRS. JOSEPH D. BEDLE JERSEY CITY MRS. ORVILLE T. WARING MRS. R. V. W. FAIRCHILD PLAINFIELD PARSIPPANY MRS. ANDREW SINNICKSON MRS. E. GAYLORD PUTNAM SALEM ' ELIZABETH MISS MARGARET HAINES MRS. MARY ROBESON SMITH BUllLIN'GTON -/ y LELVIDEKE ^7^2- MRS. JOHN MOSES TRENTON MRS. WILLIAM NELSON MISS ELIZABETH B. STRONG PATEHSON NEW BPaiNSWlCK MISS SARAH NAIHALIE DOUGHTY ATLANTIC CITY \ to CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ms m r .^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY COLES, Abraham, Suxgeon, Scholar, Statesman. Abraham Coles, M. D., Ph. D., LL.D., son of Dennis and Catherine (Van Deur- sen) Coles, was born December 26, 1813, at Scotch Plains, New Jersey. His father was then living on the ancestral farm, which he had inherited, its title-deed antedating the Revolution. He was a man of sterling integrity, sound judgment, and rare literary taste. He had been for a number of years a printer and editor in Newburg, New York, of a newspaper — "The Recorder of the Times." Bound volumes of this paper were preserved and treasured by his son Abra- ham, in whom he early cultivated his fond- ness for study and for literature. As a youth, Dr. Coles manifested a dil- igent interest in the acquisition of knowl- edge. His love of learning must have led him to private study, for at the age of sev- enteen he assisted Rev. Mr. Bond, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Plainfield, in his school, as teacher of Latin and math- ematics. At eighteen years of age, he had resolved to study law, and entered the office of Chief Justice Joseph C. Homblower, at Newark. He seems soon to have discovered that he could find a wider field for usefulness in the practice of medicine than of law, for, in less than a year, he left the office to study for the medical profession. His resolution to make himself acquainted with law, was, however, never shaken. Throughout his long life, his fondness for the law and his knowledge thereof were recognized and mentioned by Daniel Webster and others. Having attended lectures at the Univer- NoTE. — This narrative is from the pen of the late Ezra M. Hunt, M.D., LL.D. sity and at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, and at Jefferson Col- lege, Philadelphia, he graduated at the lat- ter in 1835. Returning to his home, he made a profession of his Christian faith, uniting with the Scotch Plains Church, under the pastorate of the Rev. John Rog- ers. In 1836 he settled, for the practice of the medical profession, in Newark, New Jersey. Those who knew him in early profession- al life can well recognize how, with his modesty, diffidence and reserve, he should thus far not have revealed the amount of knowledge he had acquired. Yet those who met him were impressed with his command- ing per.sonality, his urbane and quiet dig- nity, and somehow felt themselves in the presence of a superior nature. Besides thorough preparation in his pro- fession, he evidently had spent much of his time in the study of the classics, and had acquired an accurate knowledge there- of, such as is possessed by those who have by dint of personal effort worked their way into the genius and technicalities of a dead language. In 1842 he married Caroline E. Acker- man, a good, noble, beautiful and ac- complished daughter of Jonathan C. and Maria (Smith) Ackerman, of New Bruns- wick, New Jersey. The same year he purchased for their home the premises No. 222 Market street, Newark, New Jersey, where their two children were born — Dr. J. Ackerman Coles, and Miss Emilie S. Coles. This homestead is still owned by them. After the death of his adored wife, in 1848, he went abroad, spending most of his time in hospitals, and in the society of schol- ars and of the most eminent physicians and surgeons of Europe. He was in Paris dur- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ing the Revolution of June, 1848, which gave him special opportunities for surgical study. When I as a student entered his office, in 1849, he was regarded as the most ac- complished practitioner of Newark, and eminent both for his professional and lit- erary acquirements. He had already found his practice sufficient to admit a partner, which he did all the more readily because seeking to secure more time for literary study, and the indulgence of his taste both in art and literature. He had been favored in and out of his profession with such pe- cuniarj' success — resulting mostly from ju- dicious investments in real estate — as en- abled him to continue in practice chiefly for the love of his calling. He was fond of clinical exactness, was often called upon in consultation, especially in surgical cases, and had that conscientious regard for the welfare of his patients which led him care- fully to study and observe, so as to be skill- ful in his treatment and devotedly attentive to those in his charge. In 1854, he again visited Europe. After an absence of seven- teen months, during which he made the con- tinental languages a study, he returned to his practice in Newark. He then devoted himself with increased knowledge and earnestness to professional work, and for many years, with another assistant, contin- ued in the active practice of his profession. In 1862, under the direction of an emi- nent English landscape gardener, he began the laying out and beautifying of seven- teen acres of the ancestral farm at Scotch Plains, selecting for his plantings the choicest varieties of foreign and domestic trees, plants and shrubs. In one portion of this park, he located a reproduction of the famous labyrinth at Hampton Court, near London. In another part, he enclosed a large paddock for a herd of deer of his own raising. He built, subsequently, a house of brick and stone and native woods, in harmony with the grounds. In this he resided with his son and daughter, and was 4 a most genial and entertaining host. His large library with its contents was the special admiration of his many guests. .Among the imported copies of antiques on the lawn is one of ^sculapius, and in the house Horatio Stone's marble bust of Har- vey, and other marbles, bronzes and paint- ings of the different schools by artists of the highest merit. On the highest point of his mountain-land opposite his home, he erected a handsome rustic tower, two stories high. While retiring from the more active du- ties of a general practice, he was for many years daily at his Newark office ; and also, as a favor, allowed many of those who liv- ed near his country home, "Deerhurst," to avail themselves of his advice. In fact, it cannot be said that he relinquished practice at all, or allowed his increasing literary dis- tinction and his business duties to interfere with his devotion to his chosen pursuit. He was eminently a physician, amid all other eminence. He delighted in his profes- sion, both as a science and as an art. He felt his calling to be a sacred one. It was a part of his ministry for the Master whom he loved to serve. He lived to assuage pain, and to be courageous in relieving sick- ness and postponing death ; rejoicing in the good he was thus enabled to do for human- ity and for God. How loyal he was to his profession, amid the greater glow of literary fame and the temptations of wealthy ease, let "The Mi- crocosm" testify. This poetic address of his. as president of the Medical Society of New Jersey in 1866, should be read and re- read by every physician as an inspiration to accurate knowledge, to close analysis, to professional enthusiasm, and to adoring love. It leaves a poor excuse for any of us, if we are not inspired by the theme of our studies, and the object of our life service. It does not ignore that which is material and world-wise, but it crowns it with that which is spiritual and eternal. It shows how we have a mission to fulfill ; and how in- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tegral and essential Christianity is to those who Hve to minister to tlieir fellow-men in sickness and in death. As he expresses it in his note as to Vesalius : "The Divine Retleenicr. the Incarnate Word. Maker of all things, Lord of life, is Lord also of the Sciences." In the Physician's edition of "The Micro- cosm," as published by the Appletons, he introduces several illustrations. One is the portrait of Vesalius devoutly engaged in dissection, which he inserts as illustrative of these lines: Dear God ! this Body, which, with wondrous art Thou hast contrived, and finished part by part. Itself a universe, a lesser all. The greater cosmos crowded in the small — I kneel before it, as a thing divine; For such as this, did actually enshrine Thy gracious Godhead once, when Thou didst make Thyself incarnate, for my sinful sake. Thou who hast done so very much for me, let me do some humble thing for Thee ! 1 would to every Organ give a tongue. That Thy high praises may be fitly sung; Appropriate ministries assign to each. The least make vocal, eloquent to teach. Another is Rembrandt's well-known "Lesson in Anatomy," which he inserts with the description, beginning thus : The subject Muscles — girded to fulfill The lightning mandates of the sovereign Will — Th' abounding means of motion, wherein lurk Man's infinite capacity for work. A third is "Harvey Demonstrating to Charles I. his theory of the Circulation of the P.lood" : Make room, my Heart ! that pour'st thyself abroad. Deep, central, awful mystery of God ! Well may he be called the Physician- Poet! He received the degree of A. M. from Rutgers College. In i860 he received the degree of Ph.D. from Lewi.sburg Uni- versity, and that of LL.D. from Princeton College in 1871. Dr. Coles had reached such a vigorous old age as still to promise many years of life. In the early Spring (1891), he had the prevailing influenza, which left him with a cough, and some mild symptoms which puzzled him, as they have so many others, but which seemed to give no occa- sion for alarm. As a recreation, he pro- posed a trip to California with his son and daughter and a sister-in-law. They left home April 14th. The trip was a disap- pointing one, for, although his powerful constitution enabled him to go everywhere, his cough defied all treatment, and by rea- son thereof he grew weaker instead of stronger. After a week's stay at the beau- tiful Hotel del Monte, California, where he received every possible courtesy and at- tention, heart complication suddenly set in as a sequel to la grippe. Unable to recline, he calmly realized the serious nature of his symptoms, and with words of Christian faith and love, passed away, (May 3d, 1891), to be, as one of his own hymns so well expresses it — "Ever, my Lord, with Thee." The funeral of Dr. Coles took place in the commodious Peddie Memorial Church, Newark, New Jersey, May 29th, and was largely attended by his medical and literary friends and those in other walks of life who had known him in the various relations he had sustained. Appreciatory letters were received by his family from the Uni- versities of Oxford and Cambridge, Eng- land : from the Royal Society, London ; from the Academic des Sciences, Paris ; from the home of Tennyson, Isle of Wight ; from the Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C. ; from James Russell Lowell : Oliver Wendell Holines and others. The appropriate rendering of Dr. Coles' following hymns by Prof. Bauman, organ- ist, and Mr. Sauvage and the choir, added solemnity to the occasion, and emphasis to the many tributes to Dr. Coles's earnest Qiristian life: CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY "EVER MY LORD WITH THEE." Tune — "Bethany." Ever, my Lord, with Thee, Ever with Thee ! Through all eternity Thy face to see! I count this Heaven to be Ever, my Lord, with Thee! Fair is Jerusalem, All of pure gold. Garnished with many a gem Of worth untold ; I only ask, to be Ever, my Lord, with Thee, Ever with Thee ! River of Life there flows As crystal clear ; The Tree of Life there grows For healing near ; But this crowns all, to be Ever, my Lord, with Thee, Ever with Thee ! No curse is there, no night. No grief, no fear; Thy smile fills Heaven with light, Dries every tear; What rapture, then to be Ever, my Lord, with Thee, Ever with Thee ! "ALL THE DAYS." Original music by IV. F. Sherwin. From Thee, begetting sure conviction, Sound out, O risen Lord ! always, Those faithful words of valediction "Lo! I am with you all the days." RlFR.MN. "Lo ! I am with you all the days," All the days. All the days. "Lo ! I am with you all the days." What things shall happen on the morrow. Thou kindly hidest from our gaze : But tellest us in joy or sorrow, "Lo! I am with you all the days." Refrain. When round our head the tempest rages. And sink our feet in miry ways; Thy voice comes floating down the ages "Lo! I am with you all the days." Refrain. O Thou who art our life and meetness. Not death shall daunt us nor amaze, Hearing those words of power and sweetness, "Lo ! I am with you all the days." Refrain. JESU DULCIS MEMORL-^ (BERNARD OF CLAIRVAUX.) Tune — Emmanuel — Lttdwig Von Beethoven (Translation by Abraham Coles). The memory of Jesus' Name Is past expression sweet : At each dear mention hearts aflame With quicker pulses beat! But sweet above all sweetest things Creation can afford. That sweetness which His presence brings, The vision of the Lord. Sweeter than His dear Name is naught ; None worthier of laud. Was ever sung, or heard, or thought, Than Jesus, Son of God. Thou hope, to those of contrite heart ; To those who ask, how kind ! To those who seek, how good Thou art ! But what to those who find? No heart is able to conceive. Nor tongue, nor pen express; Who tries it only can believe How choice that blessedness! •HERE ARE P.^RTINGS AND PAINFUL FAREWELLS." Tune — "The Siveet By and By." Here are partings and painful farewells .^nd the sundering of tenderest ties ; In that Heavenly Land where He dwells, God shall wipe away tears from all eyes — Chorus. 'In the sweet by and by We shall meet on that beautiful shore." Here the pilgrim can scarcely discern The reward for the tears that he sheds ; But the ransomed with songs shall return With perpetual joy on their heads— Chorus. "In the sweet by and by We shall meet on that beautiful shore.' The interment was by the side of his wife, in Willow Grove Cemetery, New Brunswick, New Jersey. The grave is ^ f * f / fffrr , 1^ ,~^, 3 tr^s^ The Coles Homestead STREET NEWARK, NEW JER S EY 842 - 19 15 "> CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY designated by a granite monolith bearing a bronze medallion portrait of Dr. Coles. This sketch would be incomplete with- out some fuller allusion to his literary la- bors, and to the marked traits of his char- acter. Soon after he settled in Newark, he be- came a contributor to the "Newark Daily Advertiser," and early showed an interest in education, in a public library, in temper- ance movements, and in all objects looking to the welfare of society. Rarely attending any public meetings, he gave expression to his views in an occasional address, and in the columns of the daily journals. In poetry and prose, his literary taste and learning soon came to be recognized, and he had a local reputation long before he was more generally known.* It was, per- haps, his first translation of "Dies Irse" (1847), that we here quote, that arrested the attention of linguists and scholars throughout the world. It was a difficult task to undertake, as there were several versifications of it by authors of classical note and learning. As he followed it, from time to time, with sixteen other versions, it was seen what opulence of resource was at his command. DIES IRAK. Translation published March 17, 1847, (in the Newark Daily Advertiser). Day of wrath, that day of burning, All shall melt, to ashes turning, As foretold by seers discerning. O what fear shall it engender When the Judge shall come in splendor. Strict to mark and just to render. Trumpet scattering sounds of wonder. Rending sepulchers asunder, Shall resistless s\immons thunder. *The catalogues of many of the libraries of Europe, especially those of Oxford and Cam- bridge, England, show the possession of one or more of the published works of Dr. .Abraham Coles. •Ml aghast then Death shall shiver -And great Nature's frame shall quiver, When the graves their dead deliver. Book wliere every act's recorded, .Ml events all time afforded. Shall be brought and dooms awarded. When shall sit the Judge unerring, He'll unfold all here occurring. No just vengeance then deferring. What shall I say that time pending? .Ask what Advocate's befriending When the just man needs defending? King almighty and all knowing, Crace to sinners freely showing Save me. Fount of good o'erflowing. Think, O Jesus, for what reason Thou endurest earth's spite and treason, Nor me lose in that dread season. •Seeking me Thy worn feet hasted. On the cross Thy soul death tasted, Let such labor not be wasted. Righteous Judge of retribution. Grant me perfect absolution Ere that day of execution. Culprit-like. I, heart all broken. On my cheek shame's crimson token. Plead the pardoning word be spoken. Thou who Mary gav'st remission, Heard'st the dying Thief's petition, Cheer'st with hope my lost condition. Though my prayers do nothing merit, What is needful. Thou confer it, Lest I endless fire inherit. Mid the sheep a place decide me, .And from goats on left divide me, Standing on the right beside Thee. When th' accursed away are driven. In eternal burnings given. Call me with the bless'd to Heav'n. I beseech Thee, prostrate lying. Heart as ashes, contrite, sighing. Care for me when I am dying. On that awful day of wailing Human destinies unveiling, When man rising stands before Thee, Spare the culprit : God of Glory. Rev. Dr. Iliilip Schaff, in his recent work, "Literature and Poetry." says, "A CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY physician, Abraham Coles, has made of the 'Dies Irae' seventeen versions, which show a rare fertihty and versatiHty, and illustrate the possibilities of versification without al- tering the sense." "In the eleventh stanza of his first translation of 1847, he had an- ticipated Irons, Peries, Dix and Mills. * * * Other rhymes are borrowed from Dr. Coles." His translations of various other Latin hymns, as contained in his volume, "Latin Hymns with Original Translations," will ever be the admiration of scholars. "The Evangel," and "The Light of the World.' give the Gospel story of our Lord in verse, with notes full of devotion and learning. His great love to Christ was his crowning excellence. John G. Whittier says : "Dr. Coles is a born hymn writer. He has left us, as a leg- acy of inestimable worth, some of the sweetest of Christian hymns. His 'All the Days' and his 'Ever with Thee' are immor- tal songs. It is better to have written them than the stateliest of epics. No man living or dead has so rendered the text and the spirit of the old and wonderful Latin hymns." While these studies show his profound learning in the Greek and Latin languages, it is only when we look to the studies of his last years, in "A New Rendering of the Hebrew Psalms into English Verse." that we come to know of his knowledge of Ori- ental languages ; of the vast realms of schol- arship he had explored. But his stately and commanding prose has almost been obscur- ed by his poetry. The marvel of all his books is in their introductions and notes. Whole folios of recondite learning are opened up in modest foot-notes, and the reader knows he is in company with one who has been delving and digging in the richest mines of unexplored knowledge. His sharp, quick sentences of introduction, and the grasp which he shows of his theme, arc at once an admiration and a surprise. His style has individuality as much as that of Dr. Johnson or of Thomas Carlyle. One constantly sees how thoughts sublime find expression in terse and stately senten- ces, and how words are chosen such as come out of the depths of inspiration and genius. There is not conformity to the style of any favorite author, or to the modes of thought of any formal logician, but a forging of weighty words, wrought out from the depths of great inner feelings and conceptions. Others will more fully ana- lyze these mementoes of his greatness, but we, as physicians, may well linger in admir- ation, and rejoice that one of our own Soci- ety should have thus adorned a literature already rich in contributions from those educated in medical science, and proficient in medical art. But the crown of all was his wonderful character. He did everything with con- scientious precision and thoroughness ; he was always after the depth of things. How he would sometimes work over the word- ing of a line, and then over a note that brought out its fullest meaning. So, too. he worked in his profession. His respectful bearing toward all had its seat in a profound reverence. He was rev- erent of humanity because of his intense reverence for God and all His works. He studied nature and the Bible and the inner consciousness of the spiritual life with the same majestic, adoring insight. He was not religious by an effort. "I have." says Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, "always consider- ed it a great privilege to enjoy the friend- ship of so pure and lofty a spirit ; a man who seemed to breathe holiness as his na- tive atmosphere, and to carry its influences mto his daily life." Had he not been a poet, he would have been painter, or musical composer, because in no other way could his adoring enthus- iasm have found symmetrical expression. \\'hen he issued a book, its typographical execution must be complete. He visited the great picture galleries of Europe, and at large expense selected the choicest speci- 8 y CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY mens of ancient art to illustrate his theme,-. These gave expression to his character not less than to his taste. When he wrote hymns it was because the inner music of his soul had to be set to met- rical expression. He was a genius, but it was chiefly character and life that flowed out through his writings. He became familiar with little children easier than with all others, because in them he saw more of nature, and more of faith, hope and charity. He believed in his profession, because in it he realized the possibilities of high science and applied art for the uses of hu- manity, and so could be co-worker with the Great Physician who went about doing good. We cherish his memory because we cherish skill, character, usefulness, and re- joice in having such a model. Such lives do not die, but live as incentives for those of all the ages. We cannot reach his fame. but we can imitate his devotion to knowl- edge, his reverence for life and goodness, his desire for usefulness, his holy faith, his humble aflfection for the good, the beau- tiful, the true. The invaluable large painting that hangs in the State House at Trenton, New Jer- sey, has a very interesting history, as re- corded in the following letter of March 29. 1 897, addressed to the Hon. John W.Griggs, LL.D., while Governor of New Jersey, by Dr. J. A. Coles, in which he says : "I am the owner of the celebrated oil painting, known as 'The Good Samaritan,' by our distin- guished American artist Daniel Huntington. The picture, with its frame, measures about nine feet in width, by eleven feet in height. It was exe- cuted by Daniel Huntington in his studio in Paris, France, in the years i8S2-,3, in illustration of the second great commandment of the Law, 'Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.' Here, with wonderful skill, is vividly portrayed the arrival at the inn, and the respectful attention given to the orders of 'The Good Samaritan.' Mr, Tfunt- ington informs me that while engaged on this painting he was visited in his studio by Paul Dela- roche, the eminent historical painter of France, ■who took a deep interest in the progress of his work, and by friendly suggestions as to detail, color, etc., rendered him much assistance, a cir- cumstance which adds immensely to the value of this picture, as it may be regarded as the joint work of these two great master minds. After its completion, requiring several months, it was af- ter attracting much attention in Paris, sent to this country, exhibited at the National Academy, then on Broadway, and formed one of the chief attractions at the Sanitary Fair Exhibition of Paintings held in Fourteenth Street, New York City, during the late civil war. "Mr. Huntington, having learned that I con- templated giving this picture through you to the people of New Jersey, in memory of my father, wrote to me a few weeks ago, suggesting that I should first send the canvas to his studio, in New York City, and leave it with him for a month, in order that he might retouch and restore any in- juries done to it by the hand of time. This I have done and Mr. Huntington has not only gone over the whole canvas, but has, at the suggestion and request of friends, introduced a portrait of him- self, as the host of the inn, a very valuable addi- tion. I have. also, had the artistic and beautiful frame relaid with the best of gold leaf. "Upon receipt of word from you that as a gift, the painting will be acceptable to the State I will, as soon as practicable, at my own expense, send it to Trenton, and have it hung in the place deemed most suitable for its reception in the cap- itol, a building associated with pleasant meetings therein of my father, the late .'\braham Coles, M. D., Ph. D., LL. D., with his friends, some of whom are still living, while the portraits of others adorn the walls. It is with special pride I recall the recorded words of the late Governor Haines, and these of the late Henry Wooilhull Green. Oiief Justice and Chancellor, who in referring to the life and writings of Dr. Abraham Coles, af- firm that 'to him the world owes a debt of grati- tude for his labor and research, which redound to the honor of our State.' Awaiting your reply. I am with great respect. Yours sincerely, J. .'\. Coles. Governor Griggs" re])Iy was as follows : "State of New Jersey. Executive Department Dr. J. Ackerman Coles : "My Dear Sir : — I have the honor to acknowl- edge the receipt of your esteemed favor of the 29th inst., tending to the State of New Jersey, the painting known as the "The Good Samaritan." I assure you nothing would delight me more than to accept at your hands such a valuable gift on behalf of the people of the State. The picture will be accorded the best hanging that can be se- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY lected for it in the State House. Permit me to tied octagonal pedestal of dark Spanish marble say that your generosity and goodness to your native State are deserving of the highest appre- ciation on behalf of the people, and when the pic- ture shall have been received. 1 hope to er.press to you in a more formal way, the thanks and grati- tude of the Executive for your generous donation. Whenever it shall suit your convenience to for- ward the picture, it will be received and cared for with all the consideration it deserves. "Very sincerely your, "John W. Griggs, Governor." A special to the "New York Sun," dated Trenton, June ii, 1897, said: "David Huntington's painting, 'The Good Samari- tan,' was removed to the Capitol this morn- ing." "Harper's Weekly" referred to New Jersey as getting "an admirable painting in memory of a good and distinguished citi zen." From the librarian, Mr. .\insworth Rand SpofTord, LL.D., Dr. J. A. Coles received the following letter: "Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. "Dear Sir : — I have your much esteemed favor, proffering as a gift a life size bronze bust of Washington by Houdon, to be preserved in the new library building in memory of your father. This generous offer is fully appreciated and will be communicated to the joint committee of both houses of Congress on the Library when organ- ized. Meanwhile. I am authorized to receive the gift to be assigned an honorable and appropri- ate place in the new building of the Library of Congress now completed. Permit me to express my high sense of the literary value of Dr. .4bra- ham Coles' fine translations of Latin mediaeval hymns and other works." "To the Hall of Marble Statuary in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York," the "New York Evangelist" says : "Dr. J. .\ckerman Coles, of Newark, who has added so largely to the art treasures of his na- tive city, has made a couple of valuable memorial grifts. One gift is the famous statue, known as 'The Promised Land,' executed in Carrara marble by the celebrated American sculptor. Franklin Simmons, at Rome, Italy, in 1874. A beautiful ideal life-size female figure, gracefully robed, is designed to represent the earnest longing of the spirit for 'The Promised Land," The Better Coun- try,' 'The Celestial City of Zion.' Upon the plinth of the statue, which rests upon an elegantly pan- are inscribed four lines of the mediaeval Latin hvinn 'Urbs Coclestis Sion' by St. Bernard of Cluny, with its translation by the late Dr. Abra- ham Coles ; the hvTiin and the translation being well known to scholars throughout the literary world Daniel Huntington, the second Vice-Presi- dent of the Museum and Chairman of the Com- mittee on Sculpture, in recommending its accept- ance as a gift by the board of trustees, wrote "I am greatly pleased with the statue.' It has a re- fined and spiritual character, as well as artistic grace and beauty.' "The other memorial gift is a Carrara marble copy by P. Barzanto of Florence, Italy, of the an- tique statue 'Venus de Medici,' it being one of the very few signed copies ever executed in marble, other copies possessed by museums of art being plaster casts. The original statue, it will be re- membered, was found in the seventeenth century, and was taken to Rome, and deposited in the Me- dici Palace, whence it took its name, .^bout the year 1680 it was carried by order of Cosmo III to Florence. In 1796 Napoleon Bonaparte sent it, with other works of art to France, and had it placed in the Louvre at Paris. Here it remained until 1815, when it was returned to Italy, and is now the chief treasure in the Tribune of the Uf- fizi gallery at Florence. It is of Parian marble, and was executed by Cleomenes, the Athenian, the son of Apollodorus, who flourished between -'oo to 150 B. C. From its exquisite proportions nnd perfection of contour, it has become the most ceU'brated standard of female form extant. The following rules obtained by measurements of Greek statues are adopted by sculptors. "First — .As to height, tastes differ, but the Venus de Med- ici is about five feet and five inches in height. This is held by many sculptors and artists to be the most admirable stature for a woman. For a woman of this height, one hundred and thirty- eight pounds is the proper weight, and if she be well formed she can stand another ten pounds without greatly showing it. When her arms are extended, she should measure from tip of middle finger to tip of middle finger just five feet and five inches, exactly her own height. The length of her hand should be just a tenth of that, and her foot just a seventh, and the diameter of her chest a fifth. From her thighs to the ground she should measure just what she measures from the thighs to the top of the head. The knee should come e.x- actly midway between the thigh and the heel. The distance from the elbow to the middle finger should be the same as the distance from the el- bow to the middle of the chest. From the top of the head to the chin should be just the length of the foot, and there should be the same distance CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY between the chin and tlic armpits. The waist measures twenty-four inches, and the bust thirty four inches, if measured under the arms, and forty-three if over them. The upper arm should measure thirteen inches and the wrist six. The calf of the leg should measure fourteen and one- half inches, the thigh twenty-five and the ankle eight. There is another system of measurements which says that the distance twice around the thumb, should go once around the wrist ; twice around the wrist once around the throat ; twice around the throat, once around the waist, and so on. "As for coloring and shape, here is the code laid down by the Arabs, who say that a woman should have these things : black hair, eyebrows, lashes and pupils ; white skin, teeth, and globe of the eye ; red tongue, lips and cheeks ; round head, neck, arms, ankles and waist ; long back, fingers, arms and limbs : large forehead, eyes and lips ; narrow eyebrows, nose and feet ; small ears, bust and hands." The copy, with its marble pedestal like the one owned by the Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth, England, is pure white with- out flaw or blemish and is an invaluable ad- dition to the Museum of Art. Soon after its proffer to the Museum, General Louis P. D. Cesnola, secretary and director, wrote to Dr. Coles: "I have the honor to inform you that upon the recommendation of the committee on sculpture, the Trustees of the Metropolitan Museum of Art have accepted your gift, and have instructed their executive committee to convey to you an expres- sion of their thanks for your generosity. In do- ing so I may be permitted to add that their thanks will be constantly hereafter repeated by the people to whose enjoyment and instruction the Museum of Art is devoted, and to which your gift is a valuable contribution. With high regards, 1 re- main, very sincerely yours." In appreciation of these gifts Dr. Coles was elected a Fellow of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. By means of the gift of the shares of stock of the Newark Library Association owned by Dr. Abraham Coles, and given in his memory by his son, the New Jersey Historical Society secured control and own- ership of its present handsome brick and stonu building on Park street, Newark, New Jersey. As regards "The Microcosm," from which work we give a few extracts, "The Newark Daily Advertiser" says : "The Microcosm is the only book of the kind in the language, and is well deserving a place in every library, and might, we think, moreover, be introluced with advantage into all schools where physiology is taught as an adjunct, if nothing else, to stimulate interest, and relieve the dryness of ordinary text books. In lines of flowing and easy verse, the author sets forth with a completeness certainly remarkable, and with great power and beauty, the incomparable marvels of structure and function of the human body." MAN SUPREME. O thou, made up of every creature's best. The summing up and monarch of the rest ! Thy high-raised cranium, — vaulted to contain The big and billowy and powerful brain, While that a scanty thimbleful, no more, Belongs to such as swim or creep or soar ; Thy form columnar, sky-ward looking face,* Majestic mien, intelligence and grace, Thy foot's firm tread, and gesture of thy hand Proclaim thee ruler, destined to command. A little lower than the angels made. Dominion, glory, worship on thee laid, I praise not thee, but honor and applaud The handiwork and masterpiece of God. Fearful and wonderful, and all divine. Where two worlds mingle, and two lives com- bine — A dual body, and a dual soul. Touching eternity at either pole — The tides of being, circling swift or slow. 'Tween mystic banks that ever overflow. Exist not severed from the Fountain-head, But whence they rise, eternally are fed : Our springs are all in God ; from Him we drink. Live, move, and have our being, feel and think. FLESH GARMENT— SKIN, ITS MORAL CHARACTER. How beautiful, and delicate, and fresh. Appear the Soul's Habiliments of Flesh ! How closely fitting, easy yet, and broad. Each Tissue woven in the loom of God! Compared with that magnificence of dress, Wherewith is clothed the Spirit's nakedness, *"Pronaque cum spectant animalia cxtera terram, Os homini sublime dedit : cttlumque videre Jussit, et erectos ad sidera tollere vultus." — Ovid. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY O how contemptible and mean a thing. The purple and fine linen of a king! The spotless vesture of the silky Skin, Outside of all, and covering all within, With what a marvellous and matchless grace, Is it disposed and moulded to each place ; Bounding and beautifying brow and breast, A crowning loveliness to all the rest ! Endowed with wondrous properties of soul That interpenetrate and fill the whole — A. raiment, moral, maidenly and white. Shamed at each breach of decency and right, Where dwells a charm above the charms of sense, Suggestive of the soul's lost innocence. PATHOGNOMV. Who has not seen that Feeling, born of flame. Crimson the cheek at mention of a name? The rapturous touch of some divine surprise Flash deep suffusion of celestial dyes ; When hands clasped hands, and lips to lips were pressed. And the heart's secret was at once confessed? VOLUXTARY MUSCLES. The subject Musci.es — *girded to fulfil The lightning mandates of the sovereign Will — Th' abounding means of motion, wherein lurk Man's infinite capacity for work ; By which, as taste or restless nature bids. He rears the Parthenon or Pyramids; In high achievements of the plastic art. Fulfils th' ambitious purpose of his heart ; Creates a grace outrivaling his own. Charming all eyes — the poetry of stone; Symbols his faith, as in Cathedrals — vast Religious petrifactions of the Past : Covers the land with cities ; makes all seas White with the sails of countless argosies ; Pushes the ocean back with all her waves. And from her haughty sway a kingdom saves ; Tunnels high mountains. Erebus unbars. And through it rolls the thunder of his cars; With stalwart arm, defends down-trodden right. And, like a whirlwind, sweeps the field of fight ; And when, at last, the war is made to cease. ♦Some authors reckon the number of Muscles in the Human Body as high as 527. They have been divided into Voluntary (forming the red flesh, or the main bulk of the body) ; Involuntary, such as the heart, fleshy fibres of the stomach, etc. ; and Mixed, such as the muscles of respira • tion, etc. Each Muscle is made up of an indefi- nite number of fibres, which may be considered as so many muscles in miniature, along which stream the currents of the Will. Yet with all this com- plex apparatus everything is in harmony. On firm foundations stablishes a peace; Then barren wastes with nodding harvests sows. And makes the desert blossom as the rose. MUSCULAR DYNAMICS — DIRECTING POWER WHERE? Bundles of fleshy fibres without end. Along the bony Skeleton extend In thousand-fold directions from fixed points To act their several parts upon the Joints ; Adjustments nice of means to ends we trace, With each dynamic filament in place ; But Where's the Hand that grasps the million reins Directs and guides them, quickens or restrains? See the musician, at his fingers' call. All sweet sounds scatter, fast as rain-drops fall; With flying touch, he weaves the web of song, Rhythmic as rapid, intricate as long. Whence this precision, delicacy and ease? And where's the Master that defines the keys? The many-jointed Spine, with link and lock To make it flexible while secure from shock. Is pierced throughout, in order to contain The downward prolongation of the brain ; From which, by double roots, the Nerves* arise — One Feeling gives, one Motive Power supplies; In opposite directions, side by side. With mighty swiftness there two currents glide — Winged, head and heel, the Mercuries of Sensef Mount to the regions of Intelligence ; *For the benefit of the general reader, presum- ably not familiar with anatomical details, we may state that there are 43 pairs of nerves in all, i. e. 12 Cranial or Encephalic and 31 Spinal. The first have only one root in the brain, whilst the latter arise by two roots from the anterior and posterior halves of the spinal marrow, but unite immediate- ly afterwards to form one nerve. Division of the anterior root causes loss of motion — of the pos- terior the loss of sensation. The first transmit vo- litions from the brain, the latter sensitive impres- sions to the brain. ■j-Helmholtz has instituted experiments to de- termine the rapidity of transmission of the ner- vous actions. For sensation the rate of movement assigned is one hundred and eighty to three hun- dred feet per second. Muscular contraction, or shortening of the muscular fibre, takes place, at times, with extreme velocity ; a single thrill, in the letter R.. can be pronounced in the i-30.oooth part of a minute. There are insects whose wings strike the air thousands of times in a minute. The force of contraction (Myodynamis) is most re- markable in some of these. In birds, the absolute power in proportion to the weight of the body is as 10,000 to I, CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEY Instant as light, the nuncios of the throne Command the Muscles that command the Bone. Each morning after slumber, brave and fresh. The Moving Army of the Crimson Flesh. From fields of former conquests, marching comes To the grand beating of ininumbered drums — § Each martial Fibre pushing to the van To make "I will"' the equal of "I can" : Testing the possibilities of power In deeds of daring suited to the hour; Doing its utmost to build up the health And glory of the inner Commonwealth. Levers and fulcra everywhere we find, But where"s the great Archimedean Mind, That on some pou sto,* outside and above. Plants its firm foot this living world to move? CRANIUM— SOUL'S FIRMAMENT— BRAIN Find it we shall, if anywhere we can. Doubtless, in that high Capitol of man. Whose Spheric Walls, concentric to the cope, Were built to match the nature of his Hope. What seems the low vault of a narrow tomb. Is the Soul's sky. where it has ample room; .\s apt through this, its crystalline, to pass, As though it were diaphanous as glass. When Sense is dark, it is not dark, but light. Itself a sun, that banishes the night. Shedding a morning, beauteous to sec. On the horizon of Eternity. Strange, a frail link and manacle of Brain So long below suffices to detain A principle, so radiant and high. So restless, strong, and fitted for the sky. HEARING— POWERS OF SOUND— MUSIC OF NATURE, Within a bony labyrinthean cave. Reached by the pulse of the aerial wave. This sibyl, sweet, and mystic Sense is found. Muse, that presides o'er all the Powers of Sound. Viewless and numberless, these everywhere Wake to the finest tremble of the air : Now from some mountain height are heard to call; Now from the bottom of some waterfall ; Now faint and far, now louder and more near. With varying cadence musical and clear ; Heard in the brooklet murmuring o'er the lea ; Heard in the roar of the resounding sea; Heard in the thunder rolling through the sky ; Heard in the little insect chirping nigh ; §The heart and arteries. *Archimedes used to say, "Give a place where I may stand (dos pou sto) and I can move the world." The winds of winter wailing through the woods; Ihe mighty laughter of the vernal floods; The rain-drops' showery dance and rhythmic beat, With twinkling of innumerable feet ; Pursuing echoes calling 'mong the rocks; Lowing of herds, and bleating of the flocks; The tender nightingale's melodious grief; The sky-lark's warbled rapture of belief — Arrow of praise, direct from Nature's quiver, Sent duly up to the Almighty Giver. WOMAN— SEX— UNITY IN DIFFERENCE. O loving Woman, man's fulfillment sweet, Completing him not otherwise complete ! How void and useless the sad remnant left Were he of her, his nobler part bereft ! Of her who bears the sacred name of Wife, The joy and crown and glory of his life, The Mother of his Children, whereby he Shall live in far oflf epochs yet to be. Conjoined but not confounded, side by side Lying so closely nothing can divide ; .\ dual self, a plural unit, twain. Except in se.x, to be no more again ; Except in Sex — for sex can nought efface. Fixed as the granite mountain on its base — But not for this less one, away to take This sweet distinction were to mar not make. Dearer for difiference in this respect, .■\s means of rounding mutual defect. Woman and Man all social needs include ; Earth filled with men were still a solitude. In vain the birds would sing, in vain rejoice, Without the music of her sweeter voice. In vain the stars would shine, 'twere dark the while Without the light of her superior smile. To blot from earth's vocabularies one Of all her names were to blot out the sun. LOVE OF THE SEXES— ENDS ANSWERED O wondrous Hour, supremest hour of fate, When first the Soul discerns its proper Mate, By inward voices known as its elect — Distanced by love, and infinite respect, Fairer than fairest, shining from afar. Throned in the heights, a bright particular star The glory of the firmament, the evening sky Glad with the lustre of her beaming eye. Young Love, First Love, Love, haply, at First Sight, Smites like the lightning, dazzles like the light; Chance meeting eyes shoot forth contagious flame. Sending the hot blood wildly through the frame. By strange enchantment violently strook, 13 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY The total being rushes with a look; A beauty never seen before, except some gleams Purpling the atmosphere of blissful dreams, Wakens rare raptures and sensations new. Both soul and body thrilling through and through. Says sage Experience, sighing o'er the past. These dear illusions will not always last ; For beauty fades and disappointment clings To the reality of human things. It may be so — it may be, lover's sight Surveying all things by love's purple light, Sees not the faults possession shall disclose, Nor the sharp thorn concealed beneath the rose. But if thus Nature her great ends attain The pomps of fancy dazzle not in vain. The pleasing falsehood of perfection flits, But not the Love, that in contentment sits Among the Dear Ones of its happy Home, Blest with sweet foretastes of the Heaven to come. Deciduous charms of face unmissed depart. While bloom the fadeless beauties of the heart ; Inward conformity, and gradual growth Of moral likeness, tightening bonds of both, Perfect the marriage, which was but begun Upon that day they were pronounced one. TRUE LOVE. Let Love but enter, it converts the churl. And makes the miser lavish as an earl; 1 he strict walls of his prison, giving way, Fall outward and let in the light of day; Released from base captivity to pelf. He upwards soars into a nobler self; And hands, that once did nought but clutch and hoard Now emulate the bounty of the Lord ; Hold up a mirror, that reflects the face Of Him whose heart is love and man-ward grace. On the afternoon of July 5, 1897, Mayor Seymour presiding, there was unveiled in Washington Park, Newark, New Jersey, the heroic size bronze portrait bust of Dr. Abraham Coles, the work of the peerless sculptor John Quincy Adams Ward. The pedestal consists of a monolith of imperial granite, which has for its base a granite boulder weighing about seven tons, which was obtained for the purpose at much ex- pense and trouble from near the landing place of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth, Massachusetts. The whole is enclosed by monoliths of Quincy granite, fourteen feet long, bolted into comer posts from near the Sea of Tiberias, Galilee, Palestine, obtain- ed through the courtesy and agency of the Rev. Edwin T. Wallace, A. M., our consul at Jerusalem. On the front face of the ped- estal, cast in bronze, is the following hymn by Dr. Coles: — THE ROCK OF AGES. Isaiah xxvi — 4. A National Song of Praise. Let us to Jehovah raise Glad and grateful songs of praise. Let the people with one voice In the Lord their God rejoice! For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last. He across untraversed seas Guided first the Genoese, Here prepared a dwelling place For a freedom loving race ; For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last. Filled the land the red man trod With the worshipers of God; When oppression forged the chain Nerved their hands to rend in twain. For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age dost last. Gave them courage to declare What to do and what to dare; Made them victors over wrong In the battle with the strong. For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last. 'Midst the terror of the fight. Kept them steadfast in the right; Taught their statesmen how to plan To conserve the Rights of man. For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last. Needful skill and wisdom lent To establish Government. Laid foundations resting still On the granite of His will. For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last. Wiped the scandal and the sin From the color of the skin ; Now o'er all, from sea to sea Floats the Banner of the Free. For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last 14 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Praise the Lord for freedom won And the Gospel of His Son; Praise the Lord, His Name adore All ye people evermore! For His mercy standeth fast And from age to age doth last. The bronze tablet on the Plymouth Rock has a quotation from a treatise of Dr. Coles on Law in its relation to Giristian- ity, and reads : — The State, although it does not formulate its faith, is distinctly Christian. Christianity, general, tolerant Christianity, is a part of the law of the land. Reverence for law^ is indissolubly interwoven with reverence for God. The State accepts the Deca- logue, and builds upon it. As right presupposes a standard, it assumes that this is such a stand- ard, divinely given and accepted by all Christen- dom ; that it underlies all civil society, is the foundation of the foundation, is lower than all and higher than all ; commends itself to reason, speaks with authority to the conscience, vindi- cates itself in all government, giving it stability and exalting it in righteousness. "The exercises were begim," says the "Newark Daily Advertiser," "by the band playing and the large assemblage singing Dr. Coles' National hymn 'My Native Land', the music being under the direction of Mr. John C. Day. Letters were received from President and Mrs. William Mc- Kinley, Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C, from Vice President Garret A. Ho- bart, from the Governor of New Jer- sey, John W. Griggs, from John H. Vincent, Chancellor of Chautauqua Uni- versity, and from others prominent in polit- ical and literary circles." After prayer by the Rev. Dr. Robert Lowry, the American flag surrounding the bust was unfurled by the President of the Board of Education, Mr. Williain .•\. Gay. The bust and its pedestal were then formally accepted on be- half of the City of Newark, by the Mayor, the Hon. James M. Seymour, who said: — "On behalf of the people of this city it gives me great pleasure to accept from our respected fellow citizen, Dr. J. Ackerman Coles, this fine memorial of that distinguished gentleman. Dr. Abraham Coles. Nothing could be more appropriate on this spot, opposite our new free public library than this bust. "Dr. Coles was one of .America's greatest scholars. His cultured mind roamed through many fields and gave to the world some of its choicest treasures in literature, poetry and art. He was a scholar, a statesman, and a physician. He found time in his busy life to do and know many things, and do and know e.R-h liettt-r • ■ ■ most men know one. * * * Dr. Coles spent the greater part of his life in Newark. Here were his friends, of whom I am proud to have been one. His books and writings are known and read all over the world, but here we knew the pleasant, courteous, kindhearted gentleman. His personality is still so fresh and strong in ray remembrance that in offering this verbal testi- mony to his fame, I cannot forget that like many other great men in all ages, he was greatest in meekness, charity and kindness of heart. * * • On behalf of the City of Newark, I accept this bust, and though it cannot last as long as the memory of him whom it memorializes, let us hope that while it stands here in tin- ;. '• it will have a wide spread influence upon our young men and incite them to emulate Dr. Coles' useful, studious, earnest life." In accepting the bust on behalf of The Board of Works, President Stainsby said ; — "There is little that I need say at this time. It is a pleasure to commend both the filial and public spirit which prompted the donor. The men of means of Newark have not hitherto permitted their public spirit to take shape for the beautifica- tion of the city. With good streets and elaborate parks should come beautiful statuary, and all that speaks for culture, and the perpetuation of objects of interest in our city. In this park now stand two monuments. One speaks for the foundry and the mechanic, the foundation of our city's strength. The other speaks of the profes- sional man and the man of literature, made pos- sible by our material greatness. The foundation boulder, from Plymouth, Mass., will recall to all passers the sterling worth and fixity of principles of the Puritan fathers, and the superstructure bearing the bust will bring to our minds the re- ligious in man, and both will be found typified in the life and character of Dr. Coles." President Stainsby was followed by the Rev. Dr. Alexander H. Tuttle, who said : — "Dr. Abraham Coles is called the Physician- Poet, not because he is the only one of his pro- 15 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY fession who has put great thought into immortal verse, but because of a single work in which he has sung, with genuine poetic genius, of the organs and functions of the human body. " 'Man the Microcosm' is a perilous iheme for a poet. It awakens the scientific rather than the poetic faculty. Nothing of the kind had appeared before in our speech. Armstrong's 'The Art of Preserving Health,' published over one hundred and fifty years ago, can hardly be called an excep- tion. Only one with the daring of Lucretius and the genius of Pope, both of whom, in many re- spects, the Doctor resembled, could so set scien- tific and philosophic facts as to make them sen- sitive to the breath of the muse. Usually scien- tific accuracy is the death of poetry. Darwin laments that he, who in the beginning of his studies, took the greatest pleasure in Shakes- peare, in later years lost all relish for the great dramatist. On the other hand a glowing imagina- tion is apt to wing its flight beyond the sphere of proven facts which accurate science demands. "But this poem, which is an address Dr. Coles delivered while President of the Medical Society of the State of New Jersey, at its centennial meet- ing, illumes the theme of a learned profession with the sacred speech of Polyhymnia. It at once commanded the attention and commenda- tion of both physicians and artists, and from the time of its delivery, January 24. 1866, its author has been known as the 'Poet-Physician.' This characterization, however, does not do him jus- tice. VVe might with equal inaccuracy speak of David as the 'Warrior-Psalmist,' because the divine bard was a soldier and somtimes sang of war. " 'The Microcosm' is but one of the many prod- ucts of Dr. Coles' lyre, and the spirit that breathes here, as in them all, is not anatomy, but divinity. Correct as is his science, this is the spirit that pervades his song: "For such as this did actually enshrine Thy gracious Godhead once, when Thou didst make Thyself incarnate, for my sinful sake. Thou who hast done so very much for me, let me do some humble thing for Thee! 1 would to every organ give a tongue. That Thy high praises may be fitly sung; Appropriate ministries assign to each. The least made vocal, eloquent to teach.' "Though the learning is that of the physician, the language and the spirit are those of a seraph. We must pkice our author among the sacred poets. We cannot pause to consider at length the perplexing question: What is sacred poetry? We are among those who believe in the sanctity of the art, altogether from the theme in which it is employed. It is the voice of the soul's in- nermost life, expressing itself in form of creative speech, which kindles the feeling while it carries the thought. To turn such a gift to unholy uses is like turning the language of prayer into pro- fanity. But in order to fix our author's place in the sacred choir, we accept the common thought that sacred poetry is that which treats of sacred things. "It may be epic as in Job and Milton, or dra- matic, as in the Song of Solomon and Bach's 'Passion,' or lyric as in all the Psalms and hymns. The most copious of our sacred poetry is the lyric. It is distinguished from others not by its metrical forms, nor altogether by the material it fashions, but by its personal thought or passion and its easy adaptation to song. There are four distinct grades of lyric poetry by which the rank of the poet is determined. The first is what we may call the natural, and is characterized by the outburst of impassioned personal experience ; the second is artistic, and is distinguished by the exquisite finish of its structure; the third is didactic, and is differentiated by its aim, which is to teach certain truths and facts. There are doubtless poets of high merit in this class, but its dominant motive is sure to give it the air of the school-room, and these lyrics are often only doctrine in rhyme. The fourth is the liturgical. It is arranged for a service already prepared, p.nd is set to music already composed. It is usually characterized by poverty of ideas, weari- some repetitions and a fatal lack of passion. "The foremost poet of the natural order is David, the creator of the Hebrew lyric, who, at the very beginning, gave to the world the very finest specimens of the art. There is in all his songs a spontaneous outpouring of the passion of the moment. Every creation only images the soul of the poet, and his utterance is an elegy or an idyl, according as he is grave or gay. To this class belong, also, many of the old Latin hymns, as those of Thomas of Celano, Bernard of Clairvaux and Francis Xavier. They utter the soul's innermost consciousness. Measured by this standard, Isaac Watts and Charles Wesley are highest in the first rank of English hymnists. The doctrines of saving truth had become verities in their experiences; and they poured them out in rushing torrents of song. Their hymns are their own souls' biography. "Dr. Coles has written more than fifty original poems, many of which merit a place high in the first class of lyrics. Some of them have the intuition, the passion, the imagery which remind us of Cowper. In a poem entitled 'Prayer in Affliction,' he describes himself as bowed in sor- row in his home, made desolate by the death of his wife. But in his grief his faith discovers the promise of good out of ill. Then he cries ; 16 r rn O Z J) |- m m z tn en n O I |- Fl Ul o - I CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEY 'O that my smitten heart may gush Melodious praise— lilte as when o'er Aeolian harp strings wild winds rush And all abroad, sad music pour. So sweet. Heaven's minstrelsy might hush Brief time to listen, for I know The Hand that doth my comforts crush. Builds bliss upon the base of woe.' "The whole poem ij wondrously suggestive of the genius of him who wrote the immortal 'My Mother.' "Some of his hymns throb with a spirit so akin to that of the matchless Wesley that we could readily believe they came from the Methodist's pen. Such is the following : 'Upon His bosom thus to rest. I cannot ask to be more blest: To know my sins are all forgiven For Jesus' sake. O. this is Heaven. TlVhile I love Him and He loves me. I care no other Hearen to see: And if there be .some higher bliss. I am content while I have this." "But the Doctor did not devote his strength to the product of original hyinns. He deliberately chose to turn masterpieces of ancient tongues into English verse. Accordingly we are compell- ed to rank him in the second order of lyrists. He is 'a poet of culture" whose aim is perfect, artistic expression. What determined his choice was partly his scholarship, partly his intensely spiritual nature, and partly the elegant refinement in which he was bom and lived. His learning was varied and accurate. He was a recognized authority in his profession, an accomplished linguist, a master of the classic tongues and a critical writer on the profoundest theological themes. The vastness of his learning gave him such ample material for his verse that his poetic passion made no imperious call for this invention of the intuitive faculty. We cannot think of him as we do of Burns, walking out under the stars, writhing in pain for some adequate form in which to embody the tumultuous passion he must express. He had but to lift his eyes, and select from his calm wide vision the form he needed. Had he been an unlettered peasant, the poetic gift would probably have travailed in birth of song, which would have come forth in varied and original imagery. His poems would have shouted and danced like the Psalms of the Maccabees. But wealth of advantage is often- times poverty of invention. As it was, his imagin- ation was constructive rather than creative. Its images arc more remarkable for their exquisite finish than for the original boldness of their conception. It was a fortunate thing for the world, and probably for the fame of our author, that he devoted his superb gift to rendering the best of the Hebrew and classic lyrics into Eng- lish verse. He is not alone among the seraphs who have made the attempt, but is conspicuous in the goodly company as the recognized chief. Others have copied the ancient masterpieces with wonderful accuracy, but in most instances have failed ts reproduce that indescribable charm that gives to a poem its chief value. The spirit that breathes cannot be made to order. It must be born again. Otherwise the poem is a corpse. Dr. Coles has not used his art to exhume mum- mies. In his verse we have the living voices of the old-time singers. "As Corot caught the varying movement of the trembling foliage in the deepening twilight, and so placed it on his canvas that one can almost see the shadows lengthening and hear the rustling of the leaves, so our poet has reproduced the very soul of the Hebrew and Latin verses. They are not versified translations — they are regenerations. They are not wrought from without, but from within. Hence they retain that inestimable some- thing that gives to a poem its immortality. As a single illustration we name his 'Dies Irae,' eighteen versions of which come from the strings of his restless lyre. This sublimest masterpiece of sacred Latin poetry and noblest Judgment hymn of all languages has, through many ages, been inviting gifted tongues to voice its majestic solemnities in English .speech. More than thirty have had the temerity to respond, .^mong them are Earl Roscommon. Sir Walter Scott, Lord Macaulay, Archbishop Trench and General Dix, -ome of whom have given renditions of consider- ■''ble merit. But among them all. Dr. Coles wears the greenest laurels. Competent critics like Dr. Philip Schafl and John G. Whittier unite in affirming that no man dead or living has succeed- ed so well in rendering the text and spirit of the wonderful hymn. The doctor's baton has made our speech throb with the ancient rhythm v.nd reproduced in astonishing degree the char- acteristic features of the original. "Here are its artless simplicity, its impassioned solemnity, its trumpet-like cadences which appall the soul with woeful terrors ; its triple rhyme which 'beats the breast like a hammer,' and gives if an awful music of its own, making the heart shudder with dread apprehension. .And in all this quivering of judgment-terror there breathes the intense Christian spirit of the origmal, which finds strongest utterance in the ;ippeal : '.Tesus kind, do not refuse me! f> remember Thou didst choose me! Ijcst Thou on that day shalt lose me. Seeking me Thy tired feet bore Thee , Cruel nails for my sake tore Thee, T.et all fail not I Implore Thee." II— 2 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY "With equal skill he has put in English verse, hyfiins from Thomas of Celano, Fortunatus. St. Bernard of Cluny. St. Bernard of Clairvaux, and others, togetlier with many selections from the Greek and Latin classics. It was natural for one with our poet's deeply spiritual life to turn with special fondness to those fountains of sacred song that spring from the Hebrew Psalter. There rather than at Helicon the voice of his muse was heard. He believed that the life of the past was better expressed and preserved in its song than in its history— that the inspiration of the Psalms was not merely poetic, but really and truly divine. He also believed that the much praised antiphonal parallelism, which Herder describes as 'that language of the heart which has never said all, but ever has something more to say,' is not adapted to the Saxon genius or knowl- edge. If then while he translates the Hebrew into Knglish. he also translates the ancient anti- phonal into modern meter, he brings the divine soul of the psalm in living presence before us. The correctness of his view has been often dem- onstrated. Clement Marot's metrical version of the Psalms proved to be a potent factor in the French Reformation. There are few things that have told so mightily on the Scotch character as Rouse's version. It is asserted that in the time of the Reformation, psalm singers and heretics became almost identical terms. It is an interest- ing fact, if it be true as stated, that such was the value our Puritan forefathers placed on P.salms in meter, that this was the title of the first book printed in New England. "The Church, however, has in large measure ceased the use of metrical psalms in public wor- ship. This is due partly to the evolution of the English hymn, under the inspiration of Watts and his successors ; partly to the vitiated taste occa- sioned by the use of jingling ditties, and partly to the poor quality of many of the metcrized psalms which are in reality only mechanical paraphrases. We believe that if Dr. Coles' thought can only be adequately realized, if accurate translation can be wedded to genuine poetry and set to fitting music, it will be a boon to the Church, which is now so sadly agitated with the question of the choral features of its service. We will not af- firm that in his version of the Psalms he has in every instance satisfied either the critic's eye or the Christian's heart. Even the wings of Jove's bird sometimes grew weary. The peerless Milton often stumbled in his meter. Are David's own Psalms equal' But the doctor has given us a noble volume, which aside from the other products of his pen. will place his name on the walls of 'the immortals.' And if psalm-singing ever again becomes general in the home and in the Church, the rich collection will abide as a most helpf il interpreter of the heavenly mean- ings of the Hebrew songs. "We can barely speak of one other work which this poet lived to complete — the rendering of the Gospel in verse. To some souls the whole Chris- tian life is a poem — the Gospel is music itself, but he is a brave man who attempts to sing it all. Samuel Wesley, the father of John and Charles, made the daring effort to versify the Gospel. It was both a literary and financial fail- ure. With what success Dr. Coles has made a similar efi'ort, it remains for the coming genera- tions to declare. In the meanwhile, we listen to the judgment of the Right Honorable John Bright of England, who says : "When I began your volume I thought you had attempted to gild the refined gold and would fail ; as I proceeded in my reading, that idea gradually disappeared, and I di.scovered you had brought the refined gold together in a manner convenient and useful, and deeply interesting. I have read the volume with all its notes, many of which seem to me of great value. I could envy you the learning and the industry that have enabled you to produce this remarkable work. I hope it may have read- ers in all countries where our language is spoken.' "One who consecrates his genius to echoing the thought and spirit of the peerless intellects of the past is not apt to command popular af- fection. There are few Platos and Boswells whose names appear on the scroll of immortality. But if ever that ambition entered the heart of our author, he can sleep tranquilly on the pillow of his deathless work. His hymns have been placed in many hymnals. His Greek and Latin translations are ranked by critics the very fore- most. His Psalms and Gospels occupy an honor- ed place in every great library of Europe and America. "As the years separate us wider and ever wider from those great productive periods of sacred song, which made glad the ages pnst. more and more will the coining generation feel the need of Dr. Abraham Coles' rich echoes." .After the benediction by the Rev. Dr. D. J. Yerkes, there was more music. In the words of the "New York Observer": The whole occasion was a delightful tribute of honor to the memory of a noble man." On September 5th. 1895. was received at the Mayor's office the following letter from T. .Ackerman Coles: 18 iRONZE Group by C. B. Ives, in Lincoln Park. Newark. New Jersey, An incident at the close of the Indian War of 1764, AS TOLD BY THE HISTORIAN FRANCIS PaRKMAN A GIFT FROM J ACKERM/ Coles, M D,L L.D. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY To the Honorable Julius A. Lcbkuccher. Mayor of the Cily of A'cwark : My Dear Sir — As a gift to Newark, my native city, in whose educational, scientific and religions advancement my father, the late Dr. Abraham Coles, always took a deep and active interest, I have, through the agency of Messrs. Sypher & Co., of New York City, bought one of the most char- acteristic and beautiful groups in real bronze to be seen in this country or in Europe. It con- sists of three figures — an American Indian, his wife and her mother, each life size. The ped- estal is of rare dark Italian marble. The whole was executed at Rome, Italy, in 1886. by the distin- guished American sculptor, the late C. B. Ives, and is illustrative of the following facts, related by Parkman and other authorities : After Colonel Bouquet had, in the Fall of 1764, compelled the Indian tribes to sue for peace, he demanded the delivery, at Fort Pitt, of all cap- tives in their possession. "Among those brought in for surrender." says Parkman, "were young women who had become partners of Indian hus- bands, and who now were led reluctantly into the presence of parents or relatives, whose images were almost blotted from their memory. They stood agitated and bewildered ; the revival of old affections and the rush of dormant memories, painfully contending with more recent attach- ments ; while their Indian lords looked on, scarce- ly less moved than they, yet hardening themselves with savage stoicism, and standing in the midst of their enemies imperturbable as statues of bronze. Of the women, who were compelled to return with their children to the settlements, some, subsequently, made their escape, eagerly hastening back to their warrior husbands, whose kindness before, as well as at the time of the surrender, had proved to them the sincerity of their affection." In our artist's group, the mother discovers the wife of the Indian to be her daughter, who was carried ofT in early childhood. She, however, fails in her endeavor to obtain from her some sign of recognition. It was on this occasion that Bouquet, observing her distress, is said to have suggested that she should sing one of the songs she used to sing to her when a child. She did so — then, with a sudden start, followed liy a pas- sionate flood of tears, the long-Io.st daughter threw herself into her mother's arms. In order that his work might be accurate and distinctive. Mr. Ives left Rome for this country, where he was successful in finding, for his model, an Indian who fulfilled all his requirements. Re- turning to Italy, he there perfected this, his great masterpiece. In 1832, the New Jersey Legislature appropriat- ed $2,000 to pay the Indians for a claim they made in regard to certain hunting and fishing rights. On this occasion the red men were repre- sented by Shawriskhekung (Wilted Grass), an Indian of pure native blood. He was a graduate of Princeton College, having been educated at the expense of the Scotch Missionary Society, which named him Bartholomew S. Calvin. At the age of twenty-three he entered the Continental Army to fight for independence, and at the time he pre- sented to the Legislature the petition for pay for the Indian fishing rights he was upward of eighty years of age. This aged Indian closed his address with the following words : "Not a drop of our blood have you spilled in battle ; not an acre of our land have you taken but by our consent. These facts speak for themselves and need no comment. They place the character of New Jersey in bold relief and bright example to those States within whose territorial limits our brethren still remain. There may be some who would despise an Indian benediction, but when I return to my people and make known to them the result of my mission, the ear of the great Sovereign of the universe, which is still open to our cry, will be penetrated with our invocation of blessings upon the generous sons of New Jersey." "It is a proud fact in the history of New Jer- sey," said Senator Samuel L. Southard before the Legislature on this same occasion, "that every foot of her soil has been obtained from the Indians by voluntary purchase and transfer, a fact no other State of the L'nion, not even the land which bears the name of Penn can boast of." For these as well as for other reasons it has seemed to me to be pre-eminently proper that New Jersey should possess this magnificent monument cast in honor of the American Indian." With your sanction I will have it brought to Newark and have it placed on a suital)ly pre- pared foundation, all at my own individual ex- pense, in the locality we shall decide upon. Await- ing your reply, I am. with great respect. Yours sincerely. To the above was sent the following reply : Office of the Mayor, City Hall, Newark, N. J., Sept. 13, 1805. Dr. Jonathan Ackerman Coles, 222 Market Street, City: Dear Sir — The communication directed to the Mayor of the City of Newark, dated September 4, 1895, and containing your munificent offer to present to the city a hand.somc bronze group, was referred to the Common Council at its last meet- ing, held Friday, September 6, accompanied by a message which read as follows : IQ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Office of the Mayor, City Hall, Newark, September 6, 1895. To the Honorable the Common Council of tlie City of Newark : Gentlemen — ^I have the honor and pleasure to transmit herewith a communication which I received yesterday from Dr. Jonathan Ackerman Coles. In it he offers, as a gift to the city of Newark, a work of art, by an American sculptor of note, being a group in bronze which marks a most interesting historical event, and as a me- morial will recall the valuable services rendered in the interests of science and education by his distinguished father, the late Dr. Abraham Coles. I respectfully recommend that action be taken by your honorable body to acknowledge the valu- able and interesting gift, and to cooperate with the donor in providing a suitable place for its erection. Yours very truly, J. A. LEBKUECHER, Mayor. It was received and read with great gratifica- tion, and in response thereto the following resolu- tion of acknowledgment and acceptance was un- animously adopted : "Whereas, A beautiful work of art, by a sculptor of distinction, has been presented to the city of Newark by Dr. Jonathan Ackerman Coles ; there- fore, be it "Resolved. That the Mayor be instructed to convey to the donor the sincere sense of apprecia- tion in which this gift is received by the municipal government and people of the city of Newark ; and be it further "Resolved, That a committee of five, of whom the Mayor and the President of the Common Council shall be members, be appointed to act with the donor in the selection of a suitable site for the placing of this valuable gift." In pursuance of the above resolution I have the honor to extend to you, in behalf of the municipal government, the assurance of its high appreciation of your generous gift, and as Chief Executive to tender to you the thanks of its citizens. The spirit which prompts the presentation of this artistic group of bronze to the city is worthy of the greatest commendation. Tt gives me mtich pleasure to acknowledge for the first time in the history of the city a gift from one of its private citizens, which shall be for many generations a civic monument of beauty and a source of pride to the residents of Newark. I have the honor to be yours very truly, J. A. LEBKUECHER. Mayor. The committee, which consisted of Mayor Julius .\. I.ebkuecher, Mr. David D. Bragaw. President of the Common Council ; Aldermen William Har- rigan, Sidney N. Ogden and Winton C. Garrison, after visiting the different parks in company with the donor, finally decided upon the North End of Lincoln park as the most suitable site for the bronze. Subsequently the Mayor and Common Council presented Dr. Coles with a testimonial of the city's appreciation of his gift. This Memorial the "New York Tribune" describes as "a. beautiful specimen of the art of engrossing. It is in an album form, bound in dark leather of the finest quality, the flyleaves being of rich white moire silk. The body of the memorial contains the com- munication of the Mayor to the Common Council announcing the offer of Dr. Coles, the resolutions passed by the Council in accepting the gift, and the announcement by Mayor Lebknecher to Dr. Coles of the acceptance. The delineator is Mr. John H. Morris, Secretary of the Board of Assessments." The Rt. Rev. John Williams. D. D., LL.D., Bishop of the Diocese of Connecti- cut,* Chancellor of Trinitj- College, etc., etc.. in a letter to the son of the late Dr. Abraham Coles, referring to the bronze and its pedestal, said : "An inscription of the last stanzas of your father's beautiful National hymns, 'Columbia, the Land of the Free,' and 'My Native Land,' upon the marble pedestal of the bronze historical group you arc about to present to the City of Newark, N. J., would not only be a graceful trib- ute to your father's memory, but would also give a National as well as local value to the gift." The Bishop's suggestion was carried out. On the front of the pedestal were cut the following words: — From our borders expel all oppression and wrong. Oh ! Thou, who did'st plant us and make us a Nation I In the strength of Thine arm make us evermore strong ; On our gates inscribe Praise, on our walls write Salvation ! May Thyself be our Light, from Thy heavenly height Ever flashing new splendors and chasing our night. That united and happy we ever may be To the end of all time, still the Land of the Free! *(In 1666 Newark was settled by people from Connecticut.) CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY On the back of the pedestal the stanza cut in the granite is : — God of our fathers ! bless. Exalt ill righteousness This Land of ours ! Be Right our lofty aim, Our title and our claim, To high and higher fame Among the Powers. Thanksgiving Day, November 28, 1895, was selected by the Common Council Com- mittee and Dr. Coles as the time most ap- propriate for the unveiling exercises. The following was the order of e.xer- cises : Music under the direction of Mr Frank E. Drake; Prof. Thomas Bott, bass ; James V. Orchard, tenor, and Mr. David B. Dana, cornetist. 1. National Hymn, "My Native Land," Abraham Coles. The children, teachers and friends of the Public and Private Schools of Newark, and from elsewhere in the State, led by Prof. Bott, Mr. Orchard, Mr. Dana, cornetist. and Mr. Drake. 2. Lfnveiling of the Bronze Historic Group and Pedestal, by Miss Lucy Depue Ogden, grand- daughter of the Hon David Ayres Depue. LL.D., Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, and Master Robert B. Bradley, grandson of the late Hon. Joseph P. Bradley, LL.D.. Justice of the Supreme Court of the L'nited States. 3. Presentation Address by Dr. J A Coles. 4. Address by the Hon. Julius A Lebkuecher. Mayor of the City of Newark, accepting the gift, and turning it over to the Board of Works. 5. .\ddress by Mr. Harrison Van Duyne, Presi- dent of the Board of Works 6. Delivery of Keys of Bo.xes in Marble Pedestal. Miss Grace E. Bates, grand-niece of David D Bragaw, President of the Common Council. 7. Receiving of the Keys by Miss Helen Coyken- dall, granddaughter of Henry Hopper. Chief of Police, who will subsequently, for safe keep- ing, drop them from the Bridge street bridge into the waters of the Passaic. 8. National Hymn, "Columbia, the Land of the Free," Abraham Coles, 1853. School children and audience, led by Prof Bott. Mr Orchard, Mr. Dana, and Mr. Drake. g. Address by Dr. Henry J. Anderson. Pre^ident of the Board of Education. 10 National Hymn. "The Fourth of July," Abra- ham Coles, 1851. School children and audience, led by Prof. Bott, Mr. Orchard, Mr. Dana, ani Mr. Drake. 11. Address by Dr. William N. Barringer, Super- intendent of Public Schools. Subject: "A Nation's History as shown in its Monuments." 12. National Hymn, "Our Country's Banner," Abraham Coles, 1861. School children and audience, led by Prof. Bott, Mr. Orchard, Mr. Dana, and Mr. Drake. 13. Address by David R. Frazer, D. D., pastor of the First Presbyterian Church. In honor of the Rev. Mr. Pierson, the first minister of this church, Newark is said to have received its name, he having been educated in Newark, Eng- land. 14. Bi-Centennial Ode, "Two Hundred Years Ago," Abraham Coles, 1866. School children and audience, led by Prof. Bott, Mr Orchard, Mr. Dana, and Mr. Drake. 15. Benediction (1:30 p. m.). by Robert M. Luther, D. D., pastor of the South Baptist Church. In referring to the "Coles Memorial High School" building at Kurnool, "The Madras Mail," of Madras, India, Decem- ber 19, 1908, says : "His Excellency, the Honorable Sir .Arthur I.awley, G. C, I. E., K. C, M. G., Governor of Fort George, after formally declaring the Memorial High School building open, was con- ducted to the principal hall, where the elite of Kurnool interested in the noble educational work of the American Missionaries in the District were assembled to show their sympathy with their activities. The Rev. Dr. A. W. Stanton, the missionary in charge, had prepared an in- teresting programme of songs and recitations by the children, who entered with great zest and feeling into the performance, which wound up with a statement from Mr. Stanton giving a his- tory of the school. His Excellency delivered one of his characteristic addresses, full of wise coun- sel and deep interest in the rising generation of India. His Excellency spoke as follows: " 'Mr. Stanton, Ladies and Gentlemen : I as- sure you that I esteem it a very great pleasure and a very great honor to have been able to formally open the "Coles Memorial High School" building, and to express my sense of admiration at the noble purpose and the great generosity of those by whom this building was erected. " 'My admiration of the building itself is great and my fervent hope and prayer is that God may bless Dr. Coles and his sister, by whose in- strumentality this building has been brought into existence I pray too that His blessing may be CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY upon those who control the destinies of this school, and have the advantage of working within these walls. You have shown me this evening, sir, a most beautiful building of brick and stone, and you tell me it will shortly be equipped with every modern requirement. I congratulate you on what you have achieved, without Government help. It is, believe me, in my opinion, most prais- worthy.' " The tablet on the building reads : To the Glory of God, .And in loving memory of -Abraham Coles, A. M., M. D., Ph.D., LL.D., and of his wife Caroline E. .Ackerman Coles, This building is erected by their son, Jonathan Ackerman Coles, M. D., LL.D., and their daughter, Emilie S. Coles. "With the singing of Dr. Abraham Coles' fine old hymn, 'O all ye lands unite your joys,' to the tune of 'Old Hundred,' followed by the National anthem, the exercises closed. With a hearty hand-shake the Governor took his de- parture, amid the shouts of the school children, the waving of flags and the ringing of the .school building's bronze bell." Reference has been made to Dr. Coles' "New Rendering of the Hebrew Psalm.s into English Verse," and we give herewith his version of Psalm XIX, concerning which he says : There are two voices — one inaudible — declaring the glory of God, the other audible, declaring His li'ill. It forms a fit companion piece to Psalm VIII. We have thus a day-piece and a night-piece by the same hand. The pastoral life is fav- orable to meditation. Spent in the open air, all natural sights and sounds grow fam- iliar. David in both Psalms recalls the peaceful time, when, a shepherd lad, al- ready skilled in the use of his rustic lyre, and accustomed to give vent to his pious rapture in holy song, he lay on summer nights on the pleasant hill-sides of Beth- lehem watching his flock, and, looking up, saw "the heavens sowed with stars, thick as a field" : and, as the night wore away, saw the grey dawn, and the kindling fires of day-break, till, all at once, the .sun, the regent of day. shot suddenly up from be- hind the mountains oi Moab. * PSALM XIX 1 The rolling skies with lips of flame Their Maker's power and skill proclaim : 2 Day speaks to day, and night to night Shows knowledge writ in beams of light. 3 .And though no voice, no spoken word Can by the outward ear be heard, 4 The witness of a travelling sound. Reverberates the world around. In the bright east with gold enriched He for the sun a tent has pitched, 5 That, like a bridegroom after rest. Comes from his chamber richly drest. An athlete strong and full of grace. And glad to run the heavenly race, — 6 Completes his round with tireless feet. And naught is hidden from his heat. 7 But, Nature's book sums not the whole : God's perfect law converts the soul ; His sure unerring word supplies The means to make the simple wise : 8 His precepts are divinely right. .An inspiration and delight : His pure commandment makes all clear, 9 Clean and enduring in His fear. The judgments of the Lord are true. And righteous wholly through and through ; 10 More to be coveted than gold. Of higher worth a thousand fold ; More sweet than sweetest honey far, Th' un foldings of their sweetness are: 1 1 They warn Thy servant, and they guard ; In keeping them there's great reward. 12 Who can his errors understand ? My secret faults are as the sand : From these me cleanse, make pure within, 13 And keep me from presumptuous sin; Lest sin me rule and fetter fast. And 1 unpardoned die at last. 14 My words and meditation be O Lord, my Rock, approved of Thee. In the Highland Home for Children, erected in memory of Dr. Coles and of his brother-in-law, Mr. Warren .Ackerman, is a stained glass window, illustrating the Study of Nature, whereon is inscribed : — "The heavens declare the glory of God ; and the firmament sheweth His handy- work. Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge. Let the words of my mouth, and the meditations of my heart, be accej)table in thy sight. O Lord, mv Strength, and mv Redeemer." CHILDRENS HIGHLAND HOME .•^ C^ C^ C ^ C^s^ C * £^t^ 4- O ^.t^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW |EK^ CLEVELAND, Grover, I^avrjer, Statesman, Fresidemt. (jrover Cleveland, son of Rev. Richaril Falley and Ann ( Neal ) Cleveland, was born March i8, 1837, in Caldwell, New Jer- sey, in a small two-story building which was the parsonage of the Presbyterian church of which his father was then pastor, and which is yet standing. He was named Stephen Grover for his father's predecessor in the pastorate, but in childhood the first name was dropped. When he was three years old his parents removed to F"ayetteville, Onondaga county, New York, where he lived until he was fourteen, attending the district school and academy. He was of studioys habits, and his frank open disposition made him a fav- orite with both his teachers and fellows. He left the academy before he could com- plete the course, and took employment in a village store, his wages being fifty dollars for the first year and one hundred dollars for the second year, but soon after the be- ginning of the latter period he removed to Clinton, New York, whither his parents had preceded him, and resumed studies at the academy in preparation for admission to Hamilton College. The death of his father, however, disappointed this expectation, and made it necessary for him to enter upon self-support. He accordingly accepted a position as bookkeeper and assistant teacher in the New York Institution for the Blind, which he filled acceptably for a year. Start- ing west in search of more lucrative em- ployment, with twenty-five dollars to de- fray his expenses, he stopped on the way at Buffalo, New York, to make a farewell visit to his uncle, Lewis F. Allen, a stock farmer, who induced him to remain and aid him in the compilation of ".Mien's .American Shorthorn Herd Book." In return he re- ceived the sum of fifty dollars, and with this aid he entered the law offices of Rogers, Bowen & Rogers, at Buffalo, as a clerk and law student. His student life was one of arduous labor and vigorous economy and sell-denial. For a few months he served' without compensation as a copyist, and then received a wage of four dollars a week. He became confidential clerk to his em- ployers, and was admitted to the bar in 1859. Mr. Lltvcland's public life began in 1863, when he v^'as appointed assistant district attorney for Erie county. A staunch Democrat from his first studies in Ameri- can history and politics, he had been a sturdy supporter of his party and an indus- trious worker from the day in 1858 when he cast his first vote. In the office to which he was chosen he acquitted himself so well that at the expiration of his term he re- ceived the unanimous nomination for dis- trict attorney. He had for his Republican opponent a warm personal friend, Lyman K. Bass, who was elected by a plurality of five hundred ; Mr. Cleveland, however, polled more than his party vote in all the citv wards. Retiring from office in Janu- ary, 1866. he formed a law partnership with Isaac \'. \anderpoel, former .State Treas- urer, under the firm name of Vanderpoel & Cleveland. In 1869 he became a member of the law firm of Laning. Cleveland & Fol- som, his partners being .Albert P. Laning, former State Senator, and for years at- torney for the Canada Southern and Lake Shore railways, and Oscar Folsom, former United States District Attorney. As in pre- vious vears, he sent the large portion of his earnings to his mother, to aid her in sup- port of her family. In 1870 at the earnest '-nlicitation of his party friends, and against his own earnestly expressed desire, he con- sented to become candidate for sheriff, and was elected after a stubbornly contested canvass. His official conduct was warmly approved by the people. At the expiration of his term of office he resumed the prac- tice of law. in association with Lyman K. Bass and Wilson S. Bis.scll. Mr. Bass re- tired in 187Q on account of ill health, the firm becoming Cleveland & Bissell. In 1881 Ciforgc J. Sicard was admitted to part- 2?, CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW [ERSKV nershi]). During all these changes Mr. Cleveland shared in a large and lucrative business, while he had attracted the admira- tion of bench and bar for the care with which he prepared his cases, and the ability and industry with which he contested them. In 1881 Mr. Cleveland was nominated for Mayor of Buffalo on a platform advo- cating administrative reform and economy in municipal e.xpenditures, and was elected by the largest majority ever given a candi- date for that office, and at an election where, although the Democrats carried their local ticket to success, the Republicans car- ried the city for their State ticket by more than one thousand plurality. His adminis- tration carried unstinted approval, for his courageous devotion to the interests of the people and his success in checking unwise, illegal and extravagant expenditures, sav- ing to the city a million dollars in the first six months of his term, and he was a popu- lar favorite as "The Veto Mayor." He was now a State celebrity, and the convention of his party held September 22. 1882, at Syra- cuse, nominated him for Governor. He was elected over the Republican nominee, Charles J. Folger, by the tremendous plu- rality of 192,854 — the largest plurality ever given a gubernatorial candidate in any state in the Union. Among the chief acts of his administration were his approval of a bill to submit to the people a proposition to abolish contract prison labor ; his veto of a bill permitting wide latitude to savings bank directors in investment of deposits ; his veto of a similar bill respecting insurance com- panies ; and his veto of a bill to establish a monoply by limiting the right to construct certain street railways to companies here- tofore organized, to the exclusion of such as should hereafter obtain the consent of property owners and local authorities. Mr. Cleveland was nominated for Presi- dent by the Democratic National Conven- tion in Chicago, in July. 1884, receiving 683 votes out of a total of 820. His Republi- can opponent was Hon. James G. Blaine. The campaign was remarkable for the dis- cussion of the personal characters and qual- ifications of the candidates rather than po- litical principles. At the election Mr. Cleve- land received a majority of thirty-seven in the Electoral College, and a majority in the popular vote of 23,005, out of a total of 10,067,610. At his inauguration, March 4, 1885, he delivered an admirable inaugural address, with flowing ease, and his modesty and sincerity impressed all hearers. He took his official oath upon a small moroc- co-bound, gilt-edged Bible, a gift from his mother when as a lad he first left home. .\mong the most important acts of his ad- ministration was his proclamation of March 13, 1885, for the removal of white intruders from Oklahoma, Indian Territory; and, af- ter the burning of Aspinwall, Panama, by the revolutionists, March 31, 1885, his ord- ering a naval expedition to protect Ameri- can persons and property. Mr. Cleveland was unanimously renom- inated for President in i888, but was de- feated by Benjamin Harrison, Republican, although his plurality in the popular vote was more than 100,000. He then located in the city of New York and again took up his profession. In June, 1892, he was nom- inated for the Presidency a third time, by the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, receiving on the first ballot 617 1-3 votes out of 910, the nomination then being made unanimous. At the election he defeated Benjamin Harrison by a plurality of no in the Electoral College, and a plur- ality of 379,150 in the popular vote. He was inaugurated March 4, 1893, '" t'^^ pres- ence of a vast multitude in midst of a blind- ing snowstorm. The military and civic pa- rade was more imposing than on any other similar occasion. His administration was marked by some most unusual features. Mis first important act was to call a special session of Congress, August 7, 1893. and in |)ursuance of his recommendation was re- 24 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY pealed the act of 1890 calling for the monthly purchase of $4,500,000 of silver bullion. In this he was opposed by the sil- ver wing of his party. Elected as he was on a tariff-reform platform, both houses of Congress were in accord with him on that issue, and in 1894 was passed the Wilson bill, a tarifY-for-revenue-only measure. The industrial and financial stagnation of that period was ascribed by the Republicans to this measure, while the Free-Silver Demo- crats attributed it in large degree to the re- peal of the silver-purchase measure, and in November of the same year the Republi- cans won a protective tarilif victor}', with the result that during the latter half of President Cleveland's administration he had to deal with a Republican Congress. He performed invaluable service to law and order and protection to property by his firm stand with reference to the railroad riots in July, 1894, ordering United States troops to Chicago and other railroad centers to enforce the orders and processes of the Federal Courts, and to prevent interference with inter-state commerce and the transmis- sion of the United States mails. On Janu- ary I, 1895, he appointed, with the consent of the Senate, the commission to inquire in- to the Venezuelan boundary. During the insurrection in Cuba he took strong meas- ures against the violation of the neutrality laws. In February, in order to preserve the national credit, he ordered an issue of four per cent, thirty-year bonds to the amount of $62,000,000. May 29th he ve- toed the river and harbor bill calling for an immediate expenditure of $17,000,000. and authorizing contracts for the further sum of $62,000,000. but the bill was passed over his veto. In the summer of the same year he received the signal compliment of being chosen as arbitrator in the dispute between Italy and Colombia, in which the former claimed large pecuniary damages for in- juries sustained by Indians during the revo- lution of 1885. Late in 1895, in his annual message, he recommended a general reform of banking and currency laws, and accom- plished tlie settlement of the \ enezuelan boundary, the treaty being signed February 2. 1896. In the latter year he issued an ord- er under which thirty thousand additional posts in the civil service were placed under restrictions formulated by the Board of Civil Service Commissioners. In the same year he sent General Fitzhugh Lee to Ha- vana as consul-general — an appointment which was approved by a great mass of Union veterans almost as heartily as it was by the ex-Confederates. On June 16, 1896, he issued an open letter condemning the free-silver movement, and approving the principles of the Gold Wing of the Demo- cratic party, a document which had a salu- tary and far-reaching effect. Before the expiration of his official term he had the great pleasure of witnessing the execution of a treaty between the United States and Great Britain providing for the estal)lish- ment of an international tribunal of general arbitration. One of President Cleveland's last public appearances before retiring from his high office was the delivery of an address at the sesquicentennial celebration of Prince- ton College, which took on its more appro- priate title of University. Shortly after- ward he purchased a home in Princeton, where his first son was born. Known as a polished and forceful writer. Mr. Cleve- land's most important papers have been widely published. His annual message of 1887 was issued in a sumptuous edition de luxe, illustrated by the famous artist. Thomas Nast. An important compilation of his utterances was made by Francis ( ;ott*;berger, of New York, under the title, "Principles and Purposes of Our Form of Government, As Set Forth In Public Pap- ers of Grover Cleveland," and George F. Parker edited a volume. "Writings and Speeches of Grover Cleveland." In 1904 appeared "Presidential Problems." a vol- ume of essays by Mr. Cleveland, two of which were originally delivered at Prince- 25 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ton University, the others being articles which had their original appearance in lead- ing magazines. Mr. Cleveland was of striking personal- ity, commanding respect and confidence under all circumstances and before all man- ner of assemblages. Physically of large and powerful frame, in motion he was de- liberate and firm, yet without slowness. In manner and voice he was genial and agree- able. Broad-minded and liberal in thought, he was tolerant and charitable. In religion he was a man of conscience rather than of any set creed. All his personal habits were marked by Democratic simplicity, and totally devoid of ostentation. After his re- tirement from the loftiest place open to an American, he steadily grew in the regard and affection of the people, while publicists and political students are only beginning to adequately measure the wisdom and bene- ficence which were the characteristics of his public career. He died June 24, 1908. In the second year of his first Presi- dential tenn, June 2, 1886, President Cleveland was married to Miss Frances Folsom, the ceremony being performed by Rev. P>yron .Sunderland, D. D., in the Blue Room in the White House. ALEXANDER. William Cowper, Lawyer, Insurance Actnary. William Cowper .Mcxander was born in Prince Edward county. Virginia, May 20th, 1806. son of Rev. Archibald Alexander, D.D.. the first professor in the Princeton Theological Seminary, and of Janetta (Waddel) Alexander, daughter of Rev. James Waddel. Wins' "Blind Preacher." He was graduated from Princeton College in 1824. He studied law under Hon. James S. Green, in Princeton, and was admitted to the bar in 1827. He became a leader in the Democratic party. He was a State Senator from 1853 to 1868. and president of that body four years. In 1857 he re- ceived the Democratic nomination for Gov- ernor, but was defeated, with his party. In 1859 he was chosen president of the Equi- table Life Assurance Society of the United States, and held the position until his death, August 24th, 1874. He was a member from New Jersey of the famous Peace Congress, held in Washington in 1861. La- fayette College, Pennsylvania, conferred the degree of Doctor of Laws upon him in i860. He was never married. BROOKS, Noah, Jonrnalist and Author. Noah Brooks, one of the most pro- lific and influential writers of his day. was born at Ca.stine, Maine, October 24. 1830, son of Barker and Mar- garet (Perkins) Brooks. His father, a master shipbuilder, was a man of great strength and kindness of character ; and his ancestors, of English origin, were noted for patriotism and public spirit during the Rev- olutioman,' War. The first American repre- sentative of the paternal line in this country was William Brooks, of Kent, England, a passenger in the ship "Blessing," who land- ed at Scituate, Massachusetts, in 1635. His maternal descent is derived from the Per- kins family of Massachusetts, which has been equally prominent and honorable throughout colonial history. Noah Brooks was educated in the public schools and the high school of his native town, and at the age of eighteen removed to Boston, Massachusetts, where he began studies with a view to adopting landscape painting as a life calling. In the midst of his artistic studies, however, he developed a strong taste for literature, contributing short sketches, notices, essays, and humor- ous tales to the weekly newsjiaiJers and magazines of the day, and by tlie time he was twenty-one, he was able to earn his jiving by his pen. He became regularly at- tached to the staff of the "Boston .\tlas," a daily newspaper. In 1855 he went west. 26 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW fERSEY first entering into a mercantile partnership with John G. Brooks, an intimate friend in Dixon, Ilhnois, and upon its faikire migrat- ing with him to Kansas, where he engaged in farming. After a short sojourn in the territory, during which he was actively in- terested in the Free State agitations, he and Mr. Brooks went to California with a great company of emigrants, crossing the plains with ox-teams, the only available method at that day. In the course of the tedious jour- ney they had many experiences and adven- tures, which were subsequently narrated in some of Mr. Brooks' best tales. Mr. Brooks located in Marjsville, Yuba county, where he undertook the publication of the "Daily Appyeal" in association with Benjamin P. Avery, afterwards U. S. Minister to China, but in 1862 he sold out his interest and ac- cepted the post of Washington correspon- dent for the "Sacramento Union." the prin- cipal journal of the Pacific coast. At the national capital he renewed his friendship with President Lincoln, whom he had known years before in Illinois, and in 1865 was invited by him to become his private secretary, in place of John G. Nicholay, then recently appointed to the French mis- sion. The ofifer was accepted, but before the change could be made the President was assassinated. Mr. Brooks was then ap- pointed by President Johnson naval officer of the Port of San Francisco, but was re- moved at the end of eighteen months for refusing to comply with certain political re- quirements of the administration. After his retirement he returned at once to journal- ism, and from 1866 to 1871 was editor of the "Aha California," of San Francisco. He was a regular contributor to the "Over- land Monthly" from its foundation in 1866, and also conducted a semi-monthly juvenile magazine. From 1871 to 1876 he was at- tached to the staff of the "New York Trib- une," most of the time as night editor, then accepted a position with "The Times," which he held for eight years. In 1884 he 27 became editor of the Newark (New Jersey) "Daily Advertiser," but in 1892 retired permanently from journalism. He has since devoted himself to authorship, and during the winter of 1894-5 he maile an ex- tensive tour through Egypt, Turkey and the Holy Land. Besides innumerable ar- ticles, reviews and short stories in all the leading American magazines, he has pub- lished "The Boy Emigrants" (1876) ; "The Fairport Nine" ( 1880) : "Our Baseball Club" ( 1884) ; "Abraham Lincoln, a Bio- graphy for Young People" (1888); "The Boy Settlers" (1891); "American States- men" ( 1893) ; "Tales of the Maine Coast" (1894) ; "Abraham Lincoln and the Down- fall of American Slavery" ( 1894 ) ; "Short Studies in American Party Politics" (1895) : "How the Republic is Gov- erned" (1895); "Washington in Lincoln's Time" (1896): "Mediterranean Trip" (1896): "History of the LInited States" ( 1896) ; and "Story of Marco Polo" ( 1896). All of Mr. Brooks' stories possess a high degree of imagination and construc- tiveness ; and with a wealth of wholesome incident and adventure, are both amusing and instructive. .As a worker he was untir- ing, able to accomplish an enormous amount, and possessed of a remarkably re- tentive memory for facts and details. In his large circle of friends he was known as affable, jolly, and a good story teller, and enjoyed the close friendship of the majority of the public men of his time. He was a founder of the Authors' Qub of New York City, and belonged to the Century Club and .New England .Society. In religious faith he was an orthodox Congregationalist, active in church and charitable work, and held it his greatest privilege to aid many young men to a start in life. Afr. Brooks was married, in 1856, to Car- oline .A., daughter of Oliver Fellows, of .Salem, Massachusetts; she died in Mar\'s- ville. California, in 1862. He resided in New York City, sjiending his siminiers at CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY his country house at Castine, Maine, which with happy humor he christened "The Ark." He died in 1903. ABBETT. Leon, liSLvryer, Liegislator, Governor. Governor Leon Abbett. a man of di.i- tinguishcd ability, and who has left a marked impress upon the legislation of his State, descended from an English Quaker who emigrated to Montgomery county, 1 'onnsylvania, about the middle of the eigh- ticnth century. Ezekiel Abbett. a son of this emigrant, was a prosperous hatter ; he married Sarah M. Howell, of a prominent Xew Jersey family, and they were the par- ents of Governor Abbett, who was born in iMiiladelphia, October 8. 1836, and died in Jersey City. December 4, 1884. He completed his education in the Central High School, Philadelphia, from which he was graduated in his seventeenth year, at the head of his class. He studied law under John W. Ashmead. of Philadelphia, and was admitted to the bar in 1858. After practicing for a year in Philadelphia, he re- moved to Hoboken, and was admitted to the bars of New Jersey and New York, and was associated in partnership with William J. A. Fuller, of New York, until the death of last named, in 1889. Mr. Abbett's abil- ity, energy and elo(|uence gave him great prominence, and he was engaged in many important cases, and was recognized as an authority in cases involving municipal and corporation law. His brilliant jiublic career had its begin- ning in 1863, when he was elected corpora- n'on counsel of Hoboken. A Democrat in politics, in 1864, he was elected to the legis- Ifture. was re-elected the next year, and in both terms was chairman of the assembly Democratic caucus. In 1866 he reinoved to Jersey City, and represented the First As- sembly District in the legislature, from 1868 to T870. being speaker of the house the last two years of his terms. In iSdc) he was president of the Board of Education of Jer- sey City. In 1872 he was a delegate-at- large to the Democratic National Conven- tion at Baltimore, and one of its secretaries, and in 1876 was a delegate to the Demo- cratic National Convention in St. Louis. During this period he was corporation coun- sel for the city of Bayonne, and the town of Union, and subsequently served as such for Jersey City. In 1874, while in Europe, he was nominated for State senator, was elected, served three years and the last year was president of the senate. In 1878 he was elected by Governor McClellan a mem- ber of the commission to draft a general charter for the government of cities, and later Governor Ludlow appointed him to a commission to devise means for a more just method of taxation. In 1883 he was elected governor, and in his inaugural ad- dress he called attention to the inadequacy of the ta.xation system of the Stale, whereby railroads were practically exempted from taxation, and urged an immediate remedy ; the legislature passed a law imposing a tax on railroads and other corporations, and the .same was upheld by the courts. He forced from the Morris & Essex Railroad Com- pany the surrender of an alleged irreparable contract with the State, exempting the road from taxation, and recovered from it $235,- 000 in back taxes, at the same time induc- ing other railroads to abandon their exemp- tion claims. .At his instance the labor laws were wisely amended, and a series of acts l^assed for the better government of muni- cipalities. In his second term he procured the enactment of a ballot reform law. In 1887 he was the caucus candidate of his party for United States senator, but was defeated, and in 1889 was re-elected gov- ernor. He was chairman of the New Jer- sey delegation to the Democratic National Convention in 1880. He was frequently mentioned as a desirable candidate for the presidency. He died in Jersey City. Decem- ber 4, 1894. 28 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW fERSEY NAST, Thomas, Caricaturist, Painter. Thomas Nast was txjrn in Landau, Ba- varia, September 2"^, 1840, son of Thomas and Apollonia (Apres) Nast. His father, a musician of abihty, for many years held a position in the Bavarian anny, but in 1846, having received timely warning of the ap- proach of the revolution which two years later convulsed Europe, he emigrated to America with his family. For some tiine he was a member of the famous Philhar- monic Society of New York City, appearing frequently in concerts, etc., and was en- gaged at the old Burton Theater, Chambers street. He died in 1856. The son was educated in tlie New York public schools, and, displaying a decided talent for art, at the age of fourteen began a six-months" course of study with Theo dore Kaufman, an artist of some note. He received no other training whatever, and immediately thereafter was employed in taking sketches and furnishing drawings for "Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper." In i860 he sketched the Heenan-Sayers prize fight in England, for the New York "Il- lustrated News," and soon after went to Italy to follow the army of Garibaldi in the victorious campaign through .Sicily and Cal- abria. He contributed numerous battle pic- tures to the illustrated press of New York, London, and Paris ; and as an aide on Gen- eral Garibaldi's stafif was entrusted with several diplomatic missions of delicacy and importance. He returned to the United States in February, 1861, and continued his work with the "Illustrated News" until he formed a permanent connection with "Har- per's Weekly," in July, 1862. His Italian experience had given him a training in sketching battle scenes such as had been en- joyed by no other American artist ; and his work in this line during the remainder of the war, as well as his numerous pictorial comments on the current situations, wielded a vast influence on the side of the L^nion, I'lacmg "llariJer's Weekly" among the fore- most journals of the day. However, during the period of reconstruction, after the close of the war. Mr. Nast did his most mem- orable and historic work. His peerless pic- torial satires accomplished more against the inevitable corruption in government affairs than all the mass of invective evoked by the trying conditions of the times. From 1870 until 1875 he produced a succession of hum- orous cartoons setting forth the frauds and peculations of William M. Tweed and the "rings" which had seized control of the var- ious departments in New York City; and as a consequence, public opinion was stirred, the matter investigated and the rings broken up. Mr. Nast continued his work for "Harper's Weekly" until the end of 1886, but finding himself unable to support the Republican nominees in 1884, became an ardent upholder of the Cleveland ticket. For several years after 1872, he prepared and published "Nast's Illustrated Almanac" and afterward illustrated the works of Petro- leum V. Nasby and other comic writers, as well as an edition of Robinson Crusoe, and furnished a set of colored caricatures of well known men for "Bal d' Opera." A particular feature of Mr. Nast's work, apart from his wonderful portraits, was the abil- ity to portray the individuality of his sub- jects by some characteristic pose or pecu- liarity of apparel, never leaving any uncer- tainty regarding the object of his satire. Thus, in the rotund figure with the money- bag face, none could fail to recognize Tweed. The characteristic coat and boots with the famous Gratz Brown tag always revealed Horace Greeley ; and the exagger- ated eye-glasses and lank figure indicated that A. Oakey Hall was taking his turn up- on the rack. Mr. Nast's work in this direc- tion was one of the pioneer efforts in the substitution of the topical cartoon for the "leader" of the old fashioned newspaper. While comparatively few would read and appreciate the latter, the former appealed to all classes. Tweed once remarked that the 29 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEY "reading" was of little account, but that it was the pictures that bothered him. A new era in journalism thus began. The spirited drawings with their varied symbolisms and relentless ridicule were a power in moving popular sentiment and compelling a right- ing of wrongs. Among the mo.st noted symbols invented by Mr. Nast were the "Americus" tiger for Tammany, the Repul> lican G. O. P. elephant, the Democratic jackass, the inflationist rag baby, the buz- zard clipped dollar, the bloody shirt of an- archy, and others which have become the common stock of present-day political cari- catures. As a painter, Mr. Nast produced many works which for beauty of conception and execution hold high rank in American art. His largest painting, "The Departure of the 7th Regiment from New York in 1861," now hangs in the regimental armory ; and among his other notable productions are "Peace Again" (1865): "Lincoln Entering Richmond" (1868): "Saving the Flag" ( 1894) : "Peace in Union" (nine by twelve feet), now in the public library at Galena. Illinois, (1895): "St. Nicliolas" (1895), now hanging in the St. Nicholas club house. New York City : "Immortal Light of Gen- ius" (1896). painted for Sir Henry Irving. In 1873. 1875 and again in [888 Mr. -Nast made lecturing tours though the I 'nited States, accompanying his entertain- ing and witty talks with off-hand sketches and caricatures in colored crayons and in oil on canvas. In 1892 he conducted a paper known as "Nast's Weekly," started against the New York police and continued for the presidential campaign, which con- tained many of his best efforts of late years. He lived at Morristown. New Jersey, devot- ing most of his time to painting and contrib- uting an occasional cartoon to some illus- trated paper. Socially he enjoyed a wide popularity ; was happy and sanguine in tem- perament, and always ready with some jest or witticism, although at bottom more than (Tdinarily in earnest. It was the intensity of his convictions that lent power to his pencil and made him prominent in all mat- ters he touched. Among the most treasured ornaments in his elegant residence was a splendid silver vase presented to him by the Union League Club of New York City in recognition of his services in the Federal cause ; and another in canteen shape, and with his portrait crowned in relief, presented by 3.500 officers and enlisted men in the United States army and navy. Mr. Nast was enlisted in the 7th Regiment at the time of the Orange riots in 187 1, and was for many years a member of the 7th Regiment Veteran Club ; also of the Union League since 1867, and of the Players since 1889. He was married, September 20, 1861, to Sarah, daughter of George and Sarah (Leach ) Edwards, of London, England. He died in 1902. ALLEN, William Frederick, Distingaished Metrologist. William Frederick Allen was born in Bordentown, New Jersey, October 9. 1846, son of Colonel Joseph Warner Allen, a civil engineer. State Senator, Deputy Quarter- master-General, and Colonel of tlie 9th New Jersey Volunteers, who, while serving with his regiment in Huniside's expedition on the coast of North Carolina, 1861-62, was drowned off Hatteras Inlet while endeav- oring to report to the commanding general (luring the storm, January 13, 1862. William Frederick Allen attended the Protestant Episco])al .Academy in Philadel- phia. Pennsylvania. In 1862. after his father's death, he became a rodman on the Camden & Amboy railroad, and in 1863 was promoted to be assistant engineer. He engaged in several roads then in course of construction in New Jersey, and in 1868 was appointed resident engineer of the West Jersey railroad, and foimded the town of Wenonah, New Jersey. On Oc- tober I, 1872, he became assistant editor of the "Travellers' Official Guide," and in 30 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY May, 1873. was made its editor, ami busi- ness manager of the National Railway Pub- lication Company, then of Philadelphia. afterwards of New York. In 1875 ^r. Allen was elected permanent secretary of the General Time Convention, composed of the general managers and superintend- ents of the principal railroad trunk lines, which then met to determine upon sched- ules of through trains on the eastern and western railroads. In the following year he was elected secretary of the Southern Time Convention, consisting of representa- tives of the leading southern railway lines. These conventions were consolidated in 1886, and from them the American Rail- way Association developed, and Mr. Allen became secretary. The adoption of stand- ard time, based upon the Greenwich mer- idian, on a detailed plan proposed by him. was largely due to the efforts of Mr. Allen. By unanimous resolutions of the conven- tions, he was accorded their thanks for the accomplishment of the practical part of the work which was principally done between August 15 and November 18. 1883. The same system w-as afterwards adopted in Japan, Australia, Germany, Austria, Swed- en, Switzerland, Italy, P>elgium, Holland. Roumania, Servia, and part of Turkey, for which purpose a large amount of informa- tion was furnished by Mr. Allen. Mr. Al- len was appointed by President Arthur one of the five delegates to represent the United States at the International Meridian Con- ference held in Washington in October. 1884. Twenty-five nations were repre- sented, and the Greenwich meridian was adopted as the prime meridian and stand- ard time of reckoning. An address de- livered by Mr. Allen on "Standard Time as Adopted in the United States" was re- printed in many languages, with tiie pro- ceedings of the conference. On April 22, 1890, he was elected an hcwiorary member of the K. K. Geogra])hicaI Sfx:iety 'if Vienna, Austria, in recognition of his ser- vices in the adoption of standard time. He was selected as one of eight delegates to represent the American Railway Associa- tion at the meeting of the International Railway Congress held in London, Eng- land, in June and July. 1895, at which the railways of thirty-six nations were repre- sented. He was one of the council of the American Metrological Society for intro- ducing the metric system ; a member of the American Economic Society ; of the Amer- ican Society for the Advancement of Science ; of the American Academy of Poli- tical and Social Science, and of the Ameri- can Statistical Association. BURNS. John, Civilian Hero of Gettysburg. John Burns, whose courageous but un- military conduct at the famous battle of ' Gettysburg, in July, 1863, was made the theme of one of Bret Harte's most stirring poetical effusions, was a native of New Jer- sey, born in Burlington, September 5, 1793. In the War of 1812 with Great Britain, he was among the earliest volunteers, and in the battle of Lundy's Lane was of Colonel Miller's regiment, which turned the tide of battle in favor of the .Americans. He also served in the Mexican War. but record of his service is not available. In 1861, the opening year of the Civil War period, not- withstanding his extreme age of sixty- eight years, he again volunteered for mili- tary service, but of course was rejected by the examining surgeon. However, he se- cured an engagement as an army teamster, but when opportunity oft'ered, left his team and went into the ranks, musket in hand. When the Confederate troops reached Get- tysburg, Pennsylvania, in July, 1863, he was a resident of the ])lace, and occupying the position of constable. .Asserting his posi- tion as a guardian of the peace, he busied himself with denouncing the invaders and ordering them to leave the place, for which officiousness he was locked up by the Con- federates in his own calaboose. However, 31 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY he managed to release himself, and with a musket and ammunition taken from a •wounded soldier, kept up a fire against the enemy during a whole day, only ceas- ing when he received a wound, was made prisoner, and narrowly escaped instant exe- cution as a non-uniformed and civilian com- batant, who had by his conduct forfeited his rights to any consideration. After the restoration of peace, he made his home on the battle field and was made a favorite by visitors, to whom he described the events in which he had participated, and who re- warded him with generous liberality. He was always erratic, possibly illy balanced, and eventually lost his mind. On one oc- casion of mental aberration, he wandered to New York, and one night in December, 1 87 1, was found in the street, almost froz- en. His identity becoming known, he was taken in charge, cared for, and when par- tially recovered was taken to his home in Gettysburg, where he died, February 7, the following year. RUMSEY, George Benjamin, Prominent Financier. Three generations of the Rumseys have been connected with the cashier's depart- ment of the .'^alem Banking Company, this service beginning in 1842 with George Clark Rumsey, who was cashier until his death in 1851. In course of time his son, Henry Martin Rumsey, came into the bank's ser- vice, becoming cashier in 1 881, an office he yet holds. In turn, his son, George B. Rumsey, has maintained a connection with the bank since 1865 — t'l^ Salem National P.anking Company, became assistant to his father, and was holding that office at the time of his death. The record of the first Rumsey was that he was "one of the most efficient officers connected with the insti- tution." Of Henry M. Rumsey it may be recorded that he is in evry way a worthy successor to his father, ari'l that he has been a pillar of strength to the institution with which he has been associated for nearly half a century. Of George B. Rumsey, of the third generation, no eulogy is too glow- ing. He possessed all the graces of mind and personal characteristics of his sires, and in the bank was the constant influence that dispelled clouds and frowns, pouring oil upon the troubled waters that often threatened to destroy friendly relations be- tween bank and customers, his rare tact, unfailing self control, and kindly words re- storing confidence and good feeling. Ster- ling in his integrity, capable in his work, and thoroughly familiar with every detail of modern banking, he was a valued assis- tant to his father, whose increasing years welcomed the strong support of the son's devotion. He literally died in the harness, as but the day previous to his death he had returned from a meeting of the American Bankers' Association at Richmond, Vir- ginia, and the following morning was at his desk in the bank as usual. A few hours later his honorable term of fifteen years service with the bank ended, the last deposit received, the last check paid, and the ac- count closed. Grandfather, father, and son — of these but one remains, Henry M. Rumsey, who, despite his years, is still the able, thorough-going cashier and man of affairs. George B. Rumsey came of honored an- cestry, his family dating in Salem county, New Jersey, from George C. Rumsey, grandson of Colonel Charles Rumsey. an officer of the Revolution, from Cecil county, Maryland. Colonel Charles was a descend- ant of Charles Rumsey, who came to .Amer- ica from Wales in 1665, landing at Charles- ton. South Carolina, later visiting and in- vestigating in New York and Philadelphia, finally, prior to 1678, choosing a location in Cecil county, Maryland, at the head of the Bohemia river. He willed considerable land to his sons, who continued to reside in Cecil county. Edward Rumsey, one of the sons of the founder, was left one hun- dred acres on the river, and his son, James 32 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Riimsey, was the inventor of a method of propelling boats by a stream of water forced through a cylinder, passing out at the stern of the boat. He was born at the Bohemia river farm in 1743, but at the time of per- fecting his invention was living in Vir- ginia. In 1792 he was in London, England, in the interests of his invention, was there stricken with apoplexy and died. The line of descent to George B. Ram- sey was through William Rumsey, son of Charles Rumsey, the emigrant from Wales. William was born April 21, 1698, and be- came one of the largest landowner? of Ce- cil county, his will distributing about thirty- five thousand acres to his heirs. His home on Middle Neck, Cecil county, Maryland, was one of the finest of colonial mansions, a massive brick building containing thirty rooms, and there he dispensed a royal hos- ])itality. He was a noted civil engineer and surveyor, laid out Fredericktown. located the temporary boundary line between Mary- land and Pennsylvania in 1739, and also aid- ed in other important surveying operations in Maryland. He was United States Collec- tor of Customs and one of the leading men of his section. He married Sabina Blankcn- burg, and at his death in 1742 left sons and daughters, all generously remembered in his will. Colonel Charles Rumsey, son of William and Sabina (Blankenburg) Rumsey, was born at the Cecil county mansion of the Rumseys in 1736. He was a leading pub- lic man of his day, a member of the Coun- cil in 1775, a member of the Committee of Safety in 1776, and a colonel of the Elk Battalion, Cecil County Militia, rendering important service in field and council. With the children of Colonel Charles Rum.sey, Ce- cil county ceased to be the family seat. The name is now almost unknown there, but the descendants of the Welsh ancestor have achieved prominence in many other locali- ties where they have made their homes. Colonel Charles Rumsey married Abigail Jane Caner, daughter of Reverend Richard 11— 3 and Emma (Oxon) Caner, the former a clergyman of the Episcopal church in Cecil county. Benjamin, son of Colonel Charles Rumsey, was born in Cecil county, Maryland, Janu- ary 26, 1772, died April i, 1803. He was a wealthy landowner and man of prom- inence. He married Mary, daughter of George Clark, of Middletown, Delaware. CJhildren : Charles, Ann Jane, married Ba- con Ware, George C, and Eliza B. George Clark, son of Benjamin and Mary ( Clark ) Rumsey, was born in Middletown, Delaware, November 24, 1798, died in Sa- lem, New Jersey, December 28, 1851. His early life was spent in Delaware, his early business life in Salem, where he was a mer- chant until 1 841. Six years prior to that time he had been elected a director of the Salem Banking Company, and in the board had displayed such wisdom and financial aptitude that in 1842 he was elected cashier of the bank, serving with the greatest zeal and ability in that position and as director until his death. He was a man of wide ex- I)erience and sound judgment, qualities that made him a valuable partner in many busi- ness enterprises in which he was engaged outside of the bank. He owned consider- able land in Salem county, and although stricken in the prime of life with a fatal illness accomplished a vast amount of gocxl in his community. He was an elder of the First Presbyterian Church of Salem, and a Whig in politics, having been a Democrat in early life. He married Margaret Ca- narroe. born in 1797, died April 9, 1883, daughter of .Xntrim and Margaret (Me- cum ) Canarroe, the fomier a descendant of Roger and Elizabeth (Stevenson) Canarroe (originally Conars) who came from Devon- shire, England, in 1681 and settled in Sa- lem. Margaret (Mecum) Canarroe was a daughter of William and Eleanor (Sinnick- son) Mecum, of the ancient .Salem county families of .Sinnickson and Mecum, else- where recorded in this work. Henry M., only child of George C. and CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Margaret (Canarroe) Rumsey. was born in Salem, Xew Jersey, August 24, 1838, and has spent his years (seventy-seven) in his native city. Since 1863 he has been of- ficially connected with the Salem National Banking Company, the first four years as director only, then as clerk; from 1871 to 1881 as assistant cashier, and since 1881 as cashier, his combined services covering near- ly a half century of banking experience with the original Salem Banking Company and the present Salem National Banking Company. He is an elder of the First Pres- byterian Church, is one of the charter mem- bers of the New Jersey Society, Sons of the Revolution, and is one of the valuable men of his city. He married. November 24. 1859, Maria Elliott, daughter of Benjamin and Mary Bassett, of Mannington town- .ship. Children : Margaret C. married Thomas Tatnall, of Wilmington, Delaware; George Benjamin ; Mary Acton, married R. Wyatt Wistar, of Salem. New Jersey. Maria Elliott (Bassett) Rumsey was born /\ugust 22, 1837. died September 6, 1910. In November. 1909. Mr. and Mrs. Rumsey cel- ebrated the golden anniversary of their wed- ding day at their Salem home, their many friends and close relatives joining in felic- itation and gifts. She was a woman of sweetness of character, of alert mind, ac- tive in good works, and greatly beloved. Ceorge Benjamin, only son of Henry M. and Maria Elliott (Bassett) Rumsey. was born in Salem, June 7. 1865. died in his na- tive city. October 16, 1914. after but a few hours' illness. He was educated in the pub- lic schools of Salem, and as a young man began business life in the service of the Sa- lem Oil Cloth Works, a concern with which he was associated in responsible position for fifteen years. Subsequently he was em- ployed in the office of the Collector of In- ternal Revenue, at Camden, resigning his position to contract relations with the Salem National Banking Company, with which service the family name is conspicuously cinnected. He was his father's assistant in tile office of cashier at the time of his death, energetic, willing, and capable, and the com- pany feels the loss of a useful member, its personnel mourning a true friend. His straightforward, upright life com- pelled admiration, as a pleasing and agree- able manner won liking. His influence in Salem was that which belongs to a life lived oi)enly and cleanly, dominated by strong purpose and guided by lofty principle. The high ideals that he made his aim were never lowered under trial, and many who knew him testify to the personal value of his example and effort. He was a mem- ber and treasurer of the First Presbyterian Church, and like his grandfather and father held the office of ruling elder. His only public office was that of city treasurer, to which he was elected as a Republican, a party he always favored. Among several other fraternal connections he was a mem- ber of the Masonic order, and at his death was treasurer of the Fenwick Club, an of- fice he had previously held in the Salem Country Club. George B. Rumsey married, December 18, 1906, Constance, daughter of Constant M. and Maria H. (Smith) Eakin. who sur- vives him, a resident of Salem. Children : Constance Canarroe, born December i, 1907: Eleanor Margaret. January 11. 1909: Alice May Eakin. August 20. 191 1. These children are great-great-great-grandchildren of Judge William Hancock, who was killed by the Queen's Rangers, a body of Tories and British, in the doorway of his own home at Hancock's Bridge, on the night of March 2r. 1778. The memory of those who per- ished in the massacre at the Hancock house is fittingly preserved by a memorial tablet erected by Oak Tree Chapttr. D. A. R.. of Salem, unveiled by Miss Constance D. Eakin. great-great-granddaughter of Judge Hancock. June 14. 1903. Judge Hancock was a grandson of William Hancock, the founder of the Hancock family in Salem. .?4 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY EAKIN, Constant M., Financier, Pnblle Offieial. Among the Salem lawyers of more than iialf a century ago, preeminent place was accorded Alphonso L. Eakin, who for for- ty-five years occupied a position at the bar that was in itself expressive recognition of exceptionally able talent. Following him in connection with Salem institutions and enterprises was Constant M. Eakin, who, a native of Salem, there passed his entire life. It is now more than a quarter of a cen- tury since Constant M. Eakin followed his accustomed paths in the place of his birth, paths that were wider and penetrated into more activities than many of his contem- poraries realized. To Constant M. Eakin fell the misfortune of possessing a physique that in strength and vigor fell far behind his mental powers, and he was deprived by bodily weakness from assuming the place of leadership in activity among his fellows to which his capacity of mind and intellect entitled him. Thus handicapped in his work of life, he nevertheless made felt a strong influence, his plans executed by oth- ers, the deeds he would have done per- formed by other hands. To the public he was known through his presidency of the Salem National Bank and as a silent part- ner in many other enterprises. In his pub- lic spirited generosity his means were often used to carry through periods of financial uncertainty industrial and commercial con- cerns whose existence was of benefit to the city, and all worthy projects in Salem found in him a friend and supporter. Thus, though by nature and endowments a leader and organizer, physical frailties compelled him to restrain his desires, to conserve his energy, and to make others his representa- tives in the fields he could not enter in per- son. The honor that was accorded him by those who knew of his private life was as sincere and enduring as though he had him- self taken prominence in many fields, and his aid, suggestions, and encouragement, his invaluable work as a helper, often told the true story of success. Johnson, in his "Historical Account of the First Settlement of Salem," states that in 1778 Rev. Samuel Eakin became pastor of Penn's Neck Presbyterian Church, con- tinuing until the close of the American Rev- olution. He was in the opinion of the his- torian, "raised up especially by Providence to aid Jerseymen in their exertion to over- throw the enemies of our country, and was considered scarcely inferior to the celebrated Whitfield. He was a true Whig and an ar- dent defender of the American cause. Wherever there were military trainings or an order issued for a detachment of sol- diers to march he was there if in his power to be there and address them and by his most powerful eloquence would rouse their feelings to the highest pitch. Such was the inspiring effect of his eloquence operating upon the passions of the military in so wonderful a manner that they were ever ready to lay down their lives for their coun- try. The soldiers not only loved him but they idolized him. Such a man was Chap- lain Samuel Eakin." He was of French descent and one of a family that later was prominent in official life in Washing- ton and of importance in many other com- munities. He is the first of the family men- tioned in Salem county records although the history of that county has been en- riched by the deeds of his descendants. Alphonso L. Eakin, father of Constant M. Eakin, was born in the province of Lx)r- raine, France, June 27, 17Q9, son of Samuel Eakin, of Mount Holly, New Jersey, who at the time of the birth of his son was serving the United States government in official capacity in Lorraine. After the re- turn of the family to the United States, Alphonso L. completed his studies, and prior to 1822 located in Salem, New Jer- sey, where he studied law under William N. JeflFers. He was licensed an attorney in 1822, a counsellor in 1825, and practiced 35 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY law in Salem from his admission to the bar until his death, October 29, 1866. He was a very successful lawyer, noted for mi- nute preparation and careful procedure, and applied his vast legal learning to his daily practice in a manner skillful and able. Ac- curacy of statement, certainty of authority, and a convincing manner of presentation were noticeable points in all of his argu- ments, and he was known widely for his integrity and uprightness. From under his tuition there developed several lawyers whose records were a credit to his teach- ing, a source of inspiration they gladly ac- knowledged. Alphonso L. Eakin was a far- sighted and progressive business man as well as a lawyer of profound learning, and during the forty-five years of his practice in Salem by wise investments accumulated a fortune. He is buried in the First Pres- byterian Cemetery, Salem, and his wife, Eliza, born January 5, 1805, died October 16. 1879, lies by his side. Constant M., son of Alphonso L. and Eliza E^akin, was born in Salem, New Jer- sey, June 2, 1843, died there April 26. 1885. He was well educated, and at the end of his school years began his quiet con- nection with Salem enterprises. In 1878 he was elected president of the Salem Na- tional Bank, a position he most capably filled until his death. He served his city as a member of council, and in a little noticed, unobtrusive way aided by influence, voice, and means all those enterprises that date from his period. Although a greatly be- loved member of the Fenwick Club and an "out-of-town" member of the Philadelphia Qub, he was emphatically a home lover and there spent his happiest hours. His im- pulses were noble, and sprang from a heart full of sympathy and brotherhood. He was of a sensitive nature, and this, coupled with a reticent disposition, made him loth to reveal his true physical condition, the public not at all understanding his poor itatc of health. But he fought the grim destroyer bravely, and until about three 36 months before his death was not absent from his usual pursuits. He is buried in the family plot in the Presbyterian Ceme- tery, at Salem, by the side of his honored father and mother. Mr. Eakin married Maria H., daughter of Thomas Smith, who survives him, a resident of Salem, with her daughters, Constance, widow of George B. Rumsey, and Eleanor, unmarried. MILLER, Jacob W., Latpyer, Statesman. One of the picturesque figures in the political arena during ante-bellum days was Jacob \N'. Miller, the last Whig Sena- tor from New Jersey. Possessed of very strong and sincere convictions, he added to them the greatest industry, complete faith- fulness to those who depended on him, and a high degree of tact. Eloquence seemed to he a family possession in which at least his brother, William W. Miller, shared in an unusual degree, since, though he died a young man, he has left behind him a repu- tation for eloquence in the New Jersey bar which perseveres to this day. Jacob W. Miller was born in 1800, r German \'alley. Morris county, New Jersey, and received in boyhood an excellent edu- cation. He determined upon the law as a profession and studied with his elder brother, William W. Miller, whose elo- quence has just been remarked. He was admitted to the bar, and began at once a practice which his great ability soon in- creased to large dimensions. He was for a time associated in partnership with Ed- ward W. Whelpley, a brilliant young law- yer who afterwards became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey. In 1838, Jacob W. Miller was sent to the State Legislature, where his ability as a speaker and wisdom as a counsellor were so conspicuous that the same Legislature in 1840 elected him to Congress as United States Senator from New Jersey. Here it CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY was that he distinguished himself greatly by his eloquence and energy. To dis- tinguish oneself for eloquence in the United States Senate at that period has an unusual meaning, when we remember that there were congregated there VV^ebster, Qay, Calhoun, and many others whose names have become immortal for this very quality. Of this brilliant group Miller formed one, and he was not unworthy of his company. It is said that he did not speak frequently, but was a keen listener and a great student of every measure in- troduced into the body, and that, when he would break his silence, there was no one listened to with more attention and respect. He proposed vigorously many new ideas that were coming to have influence with the people, and which he regarded as sub- versive of the sound principles upon which the government was founded. Among these was the annexation of Texas, which act he thought totally at variance with the spirit of freedom in our institu- tions. He delivered a most effective address against the proposal, in which he declared that if Texas brought with her the riches of India, he would reject her, and quoted .\ristides' report to Athens upon the strat- egy of Themistocles : "Nothing could be more advantageous, but at the same time nothing could be more unjust." He was fighting, however, for a lost cause, and in 1^55. two years after he had lost his seat to a Democratic successor, he gave up the unequal strife. It was not. however, for lack of faith in his cause, nor its final vic- tory. He hailed the new Republican party as the deliverer, and allied himself with it heart and soul, throwing the whole force of his character and the whole power of his eloquence into the cause of the Union. He spoke and worked indefatigably for this, his ideal, and, though he could not but view with apprehension the approaching conflict, he never for a moment feared for the final outcome. He foresaw, but was not permitted to view, the event, as death 37 claimed him in the year 1862, at his home in Morristown. In many particulars his fortune was paralleled by that of his emi- nent contemporary and fellow statesman, Theodore Frelinghuysen, whose politics, like Miller's, were conservative, who also fought as long as might be with the Whigs, who finally allied himself with the new Re- publican party, and fought his best for the preservation of the Union, and who, like Miller, was denied the happiness of seeing the outcome of their efforts, dying, as did also Miller, in 1862. As an example at once of Miller's faith and of his eloquence, the following words from an oration de- livered in Morristown will serve admir- ably: Let us not be moved by the cry of fanatics, nor alarmed at the threats of secessionists ; they are as the angry waves which vainly howl about the battlements and spend their fury upon the unshaken towers of our political fortress. Poli- ticians may fret and fume ; State conventions may resolve and re-resolve ; and Congress itself be- come the arena of fearful agitations ; but above and around, as in a mighty amphitheatre, in undisturbed and undismayed majesty, stands the .American people, with steady eye and giant hand, overlooking all and governing all; and wo ! wo ! to the man, and destruction to the State, that attempts to resist their supreme au- thority. Mr. Miller died in Morristown, Septem- ber 30, 1862, leaving a widow (a daughter of George P. Macculloch), and several children. DU PONT, Samuel Francis, Distingrnished Naval Officer. Admiral Samuel Francis Du Pont was born at Bergen Point, New Jersey, Sep- tember 27, 1803, son of Victor Marie Du Pont de Nemours. He was appointed a midshipman in the navy from the State of Delaware, on December 19, 1815, his first service being on the "Franklin," in the Eu- ropean squadron, from which ship he was transferred to the "Erie" on the same sta- tion. In 1 82 1 he returned to the Mediter- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ranean, serving for a year on the "Consti- tution," until ordered home for examina- tion, after which he was attached to the "Congress," in the West Indies and on the coast of Brazil. He was again in the Med- iterranean in 1824 in the "North Caro- lina," of which vessel he became sailing master, four months of this cruise being spent on the "Porpoise," to which he was ordered soon after his promotion as lieu- tenant, April 28, 1826. Attached to the "Ontario" in 1829, he made another three years' cruise in European waters, and from 1835 to 1838 was executive officer of the "Warren" and of the "Constellation," and commanded the "Grampus" and the "War- ren" in the Gulf of Mexico. In September of the latter year he joined the "Ohio," flagship of Commodore Hull in the Medi- terranean squadron, his cruise ending in 1841. Promoted commander in 1842 he sailed for China in the "Perry," but a se- vere illness forced him to give up his com- mand and return home. In 1849 he was ordered to the Pacific as commander of the "Congress," the flagship of Commodore Stockton. The Mexican War had begim when the ship arrived in California, and Du Pont was assigned to the command of the "Cy- ane," July 2^, 1846. With this vessel he captured San Diego, took possession of La Paz, the capital of Lower California, spiked the gims of San Bias, and entered the har- bar of Guaymas, burning two gunboats and cutting out a Mexican brig under a heavy fire. These operations cleared the Gulf of California of hostile vessels, some thirty of which were taken or destroyed. He took part in the capture of Mazatlan under Com- modore Shubrick, November 11. 1847, lead- ing the line of boats which entered the main harbor. On February 15. 1848. Du Pont landed at San Jose with a naval force and engaged a large body of Mexicans, march- ing three miles inland and successfully re- lieving Lieutenant Hey wood's detachment, closely besieged in the Mission House and about to surrender. Later he led or sent out various expeditions into the interior which cooperated with Colonel Burton and Lieutenant (afterward General) Halleck, who were moving southward, clearing the country of hostile troops and taking many prisoners. Ordered home in 1848, he be- came captain in 1855, and two years later went on special service to China in com- mand of the "Minnesota," witnessing while there the naval operations of the French and English forces, notably their capture of the Chinese forts on the Peiho. After visiting Japan, India and Arabia, he re- turned with his ship to Boston, in May, 1859- Placed in command of the Philadelphia Navy Yard on December 31, i860, he took, on his own responsibility, the most prompt and energetic measures, when the Civil War opened in 1861. When communica- tion with Washington was cut off, he sent a naval force to the Chesapeake to protect the landing of troops at AnnapKDlis. In June, 1 861. he was made president of a board which convened at Washington to elaborate a general plan of naval operations against the Confederate States. Appointed flag officer in September, he led the expedi- tion which sailed from Norfolk in the fol- lowing month, no American officer having before commanded so large a fleet. On November 7 he successfully attacked the strong fortifications defending Port Royal harbor. Ably planned and skillfully exe- cuted, this engagement is ju.stly regarded as one of the most brilliant achievements of our navy. His unarmored vessels, divided into main and flanking divisions, steamed into the harbor in two parallel columns. The flanking division, after engaging the smaller fort and drawing back the enemy's vessels, took position to enfilade the princi- pal work, before which the main column, led by the flagship "Wabash." passed and re- passed in elliptical course, its tremendous fire inflicting heavy damage. .Mthough the casualties during the engagement were in- 38 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lEKSEY considerable, its importance is not to be measured by the small number of killed and wounded — indicative, in this case, of the professional ability and tactical skill with which the victory was won. The bat- tle of Port Royal, occurring a little less than seven months after the fall of Fort Sumter, was of surpassing value in its mor- al and political effect, both at home and abroad. It gave us one of the finest har- bors on the Atlantic seaboard, which af- forded an admirable base for future opera- tions by the establishment of coaling sta- tions, shops and supply depots. Du Pont actively followed up his victory: Tybee Is- land was seized, giving a foothold for the reduction of Fort Pulaski by the army ; a combined naval and military force destroyed the batteries at Port Royal ferry; the sounds and inland waters of Georgia and the east coast of Florida were occupied ; St. Mary's, Fernandina, Jacksonville, and other places were captured, and Fort Clinch and the fort at St. Augustine retaken ; fourteen blcKrkading stations were established, all thoroughly effective save that off Charles- ton, where the vessels at command were in- sufficient to cover the circuit of twenty- three miles. In recognition of his services, Du Pont received the thanks of Congress and was appointed rear-admiral to rank from July i6, 1862. Toward the close of the year, several armored vessels were added to his command, mostly of the mon- itor type — one of which destroyed the Con- federate steamer "Nashville," when aground near Fort McAllister, Georgia. Desiring to measure the ironclads against forts com- manding obstructed channels. Admiral Du Pont sent three monitors, supported by six other ships, to engage Fort Mc.Mlister, upon which they were unable to make any im- pression on account of the small number of their guns and the slowness of their fire. This satisfied the admiral that their offen- sive power had betn overrated, and he re- ported to the Navy Dspartment that what- ever degree of impenetrability monitors might have, there was no corresponding quality of destructiveness as against forts. On April 7, 1863, Du Pont, taking command of his nine armored vessels, made a resolute attempt to take Charleston. Unable to manoeuvre in the tortuous channel leading to the harbor, which was filled with obstruc- tions and torpedoes, the ironclads were ex- posed to a terrible cross-fire from a hun- dred guns of the heaviest calibres. His flagship, the "Ironsides," which was lead- ing, steered so badly under the influence of the current that it was twice necessary to drop anchors to bring her head to the prop- er direction, and when within fifteen hun- dred yards or less of Fort Sumter she lay for a considerable time directly over a huge torpedo, which, fortunately for those on board, the electrician at Battery Wagner was unable to explode. Darkness approach- ing, the ships were withdrawn with the in- tention of continuing the engagement on the following day, but when morning came, one of the ironclads having foundered from in- juries received during the engagement (in which she was struck ninety times), and five others being wholly or partially dis- abled (many of them having received over fifty shots). Admiral Du Pont wisely de- termined not to invite a great disaster by a renewal of the attack. The action was fought in pursuance of express instruc- tions from the Navy Department, its prob- able results not having been unforeseen by the admiral who had given it as his opinion that the co-operation of troops was neces- sary to success. Time has confirmed the absolute correctness of Du Font's judg- ment : his able successor, with a larger force of armored ships, was no more fortunate, and Charleston only fell upon the approach of Sherman's army. In June the ironclad ram "Atlanta" came out of Savannah, and Du Pont sent two monitors to intercept her, one of which, under Commodore Rogers, succeeded in capturing her after a brief 39 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY engagement. This was the last important incident of Admiral Du Font's command, from which he was relieved, July 5, 1863. During the intervals of more than twenty- five years of service at sea, he was almost constantly employed on duties of import- ance, and was conspicuous in the improve- ment and development of the navy. A mem- ber of the board which drew up the plan of reorganization of the Naval Academy, he was one of the officers who afterward re- vised and extended the system then adopt- ed. He served on the lighthouse board, took part in two revisions of the rules and regu- lations for the navy and was a very prom- inent member of the Naval Retiring Board of 1855. He was also the author of vari- ous papers on professional subjects ; among others, one on corporal punishment in the navy, and one on the use of floating bat- teries for coast defense, which has since been republished and is largely quoted from by Sir Howard Douglas in his work on naval gunnery. In 1833 Admiral Du Pont married his cousin. Sophie Madeleine Du Pont, who survived him. He died at Phil- adelphia, Pennsylvania, June 23. 1865. In 1882 Congress enacted that the circle at the intersection of Massachusetts and Connec- ticut avenues in the city of Washington should be called "Du Pont Circle," and by subsequent legislation provided for the erec- tion there of a bronze statue of Rear-Ad- miral Du Pont. This lasting monument to his fame and memory was completed in 1884. QUINBY, James M., Manufacturer. ProRressive Citizen. James Moses Quinby. son of Jotham and Lillias (Smith) Quinby, was born m Orange, New Jersey, October 3, 1804, died in Newark. July 20, 1874. The Quinby family are believed to have come into Eng- land with the Danes, the first of record being in Yorkshire, 1341, by name Hugh de Quarmby. The arms of the family are : Argent, two bars sable in chief, a Cornish chough proper. Crest : A Cornish chough armed. The American line of descent is through Thomas Quinby, who landed in Salem, Massachusetts, 1643-46; his son Robert, a ship carpenter, of record in Norfolk coun- ty, Massachusetts ; his son William, one of the founders of Stratford, Connecticut', his son John, a proprietor of New Castle, Westchester county, New York, and ap- pointed a magistrate by Governor Stuyves- ant, 1662 ; his son, Josiah ; his son Josiah (2), bom in 1692; his son Josiah (3), settled in Orange, New Jersey, about 1746. a large land owner and farmer, at what is now Llewellyn Park; his son Moses; his son Jotham, who resided in a stone house on Scotland street, South Orange, tearing down the old house and using the stone for the basement walls of a new residence. James Moses Quinby, after completing his years of apprenticeship at the carriage- maker's trade with John C. Hedenberg, entered the employ of G. & A. K. Carter, a noted early Newark carriage building firm, and became foreman of their shop, so skilled a workman and so capable a man- ager was he. In 1834 the Carters failed in business, when, to save himself, Mr. Quin- by purchased the plant and continued bus- iness on his own account, later admitting as partners George M. Spencer, his book- keeper, and Isaac Young, his foreman, and establishing the young firm of J. M. Quin- by & Company, now the veteran firm of the same name, J. M. Quinby & Company, although twentieth century invention has largely changed the character of the busi- ness. The Quinby carriage became a local favorite, then business was extended throughout the south, and a local branch factory and repository established at Montgomery, .Alabama. For forty years Mr. Quinby manufactured carriages m Newark, his shops and yards located or Broad street, between Mechanic and Fa*- streets, where the station and freight sheds 40 'OL^^lI^ u CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of the Newark & New York railroad now stand. He continued in successful business until his death in 1874, and it was largely owing to the excellence of the carriages manufactured under his supervision that Newark-made carriages became famous through the United States, their fame also extending to Europe. He was interested in many Newark business enterprises, one being the Newark Savings Institution, of which he was the original manager, and chairman of the funding committee ; and another, the New Jersey Fire Insurance Company. He was a devoted churchman, a prominent member of Trinity Protestant Episcopal Church, and for many years a vestryman. Politically he was an old time Whig, and if he had a hobby it was his love for political work and management. He was always present and active at pri- mary elections ; was invariably a delegate to important State and County Conven- tions, and was a potent force in making nominations. When the death knell of the old Whig party sounded, he was not one of the mourners, having actively embraced the cause of the first candidate of the new Republican party in 1856, General John C. Fremont. He advocated Republican prin- ciples with all the intensity of his strong nature, and in so doing sacrificed a for- tune, through incurring the bitter enmit\- of his large army of patrons in the south. This was not an incident of the war, but a proposition put squarely before him to ac- cept or reject. In i860 several Southern States passed laws requiring Northern men doing business in the South to renounce the avowed anti-slavery principles of the Re- publican party under the penalty of having their property within these States forfeit- ed. Mr. Quinby refused to comply, and this refusal caused him great loss. He was one the fathers of the party in Newark and in New Jersey, and was one of its hon- ored heads for many years. He was one of the first State Senators elected by the party from Essex county, and one of the first in the State, serving in 1860-62. He had previously, in 1851, been elected Mayor of Newark by the Whigs, serving until 1854, being twice re-elected, the ten- ure of the office being one year, and no salary being attached to the office. He is further remembered as a member of the old Volunteer Fire Department, in which he took a deep interest. He gave the city a good business administration and retired from office, honored and respected, even by his political foes. He also was a mem- ber of the board of water commissioners. He was a man of pleasing personality, un- assuming and modest, a true soldier of the "common good", aiding whenever and wherever he could to advance the public welfare. He married Phoebe Ayres, daughter of Richard and Hannah (Hays) Sweazy, a de- scendant of Samuel Sweazy, of Southold, Long Island, and Ro.xbury, Massachusetts, born March 29, 1689, died May 11, 1759. Children of James M. Quinby: i. Annie Emeline, deceased, married, in 1865, Nel- son Wright, and had children, Albert Wa- terman, deceased, Louisa Elise, married Arthur H. Mackie, and has children, Eliz- abeth Quinby, and Nelson Wright Mackie. 2. Marie Antoinette, born in Park Place, Newark, in 1846, and died there after a long illness, March 7, 1901). She was a graduate of Saint Mary's School, Burling- ton, New Jersey, beautiful in person, with a cultured mind, and was a leader in soci- ety until her retirement through ill health. Intense patriotism was her ruling passion, and with all her powers of mind even at personal sacrifice, she aided many a good cause. She inherited her father's wise executive ability, and using her in- fluence for good, she accomplished much for the betterment of those she aimed to help. Not only did she work through local channels, but at the time of the war with Spain, she exerted herself per- sonally, leading with others in f>utfilting the hospital ship "Solace", also spending 41 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY days and nights at the railroad station assisting the returning soldiers who through sickness or wounds needed aid. She was the organizer of section ii, Army and Navy Relief Society, and its only pres- ident. In 1892 she was appointed by the State authorities to represent New Jersey in the interest of women at the World's Fair ; was for many years a member of the board of managers of the Colonial Dames ; was a member of Trent Chapter, Daugh- ters of the American Revolution; was founder of the Woman's Branch of the New Jersey Historical Society, and presi- dent from its organization, devoting a great deal of time to its upbuilding. While this was her more conspicuous work, she did a great of benevolent work privately, and was also manager on the boards of several charitable organizations. Her life was a full and beautiful one, bringing the sweet reward of duty well performed, and the society of many kindred spirits, who knew her intimately and most truly loved and revered her. Her influence was most blessed, and the inspiration of her life is yet felt among those she cheered, encour- aged and led in good works dumng her years on earth, all too short, yet wonder- fully fruitful and helpful to others. 3. James Milnor, the only son of James M. Quinby to arrive at years of manhood, married Mary V. Casey. 4. Ida, married Wallace Mcllvaine Scudder. Other chil- dren, deceased, are : Eliza Sweazy, mar- ried Charles Borcherling; Morris, died young ; Waldcn, died young ; Florence, died young. STEPHENS, John Lloyd, Noted Traveler and Antlior. This noted man was a native of New Jersey, born in Shrewsbury, November 28, 1805. He graduated from Columbia Col- lege at the age of seventeen, studied law in Litchfield, Connecticut, and in New York City, and entered upon practice in the lat- ter place. He took considerable interest in politics, and gained some fame as a Tam- many Hall campaign orator. In 1834 he went abroad, and was absent for two years, traveling through the southern and eastern parts of Europe, writing under engagement for "HolTman's Monthly Magazine," his papers meeting with such favor that they were subsequently expanded into four volumes — "Incidents of Travel in Egypt, Arabia, Petrae and the Holy Land" (1837), and "In Greece, Turkey, Russia and Po- land" (1838), and both of which were wide- ly circulated in Great Britain as well as in the United States. In 1839 President \'an Buren sent him on a semi-confidential commission to Central America, which was barren of results, the country being amid all the confusion of civil war and an overthrow of the existing gov- ernment. However, he improved his op- portunities, and in company with F. Catherwood, an English artist, visited the ruins of Cpan, Palenque, Axmal, etc., making notes and drawings of the remains of former empires of which little was then known. These ex- plorations resulted in his most important work. "Incidents of Travel in Central Amer- ica. Chiapas and Yucatan," in two volumes, ])ublis]ied in 1841. In company with Mr. Catlierwood, whose illustrations added much to the value of that work, and with more ample equipment for archaeological re- searcli, he made another survey of substan- tially the same ground, and in 1843 issued a two volume work entitled "Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. " These works were most opportune, and he gained and long held the distinction of making the best and most ample contribution to the American knowledge of anti(|uitics in those regions. In 1846 Mr. Stephens was a member of the New York Constitutional Convention. In the following year he was active in the organization of the first ocean steam navi- gation company, in which he held an of- ficial position ; and he was a passenger to 42 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Bremen in the first vessel of the line. The gold discoveries in California pointed to the necessity for a railroad across the Isthmus of Panama ; he entered into this project with his accustomed enthusiasm, became vice-president and then president of the projecting company, and after personally surveying the route, visited Bogota and negotiated a contract with the New Gran- ada government, completing all these ar- rangements within the year 1849. During the following two years he was constantly engaged in superintending the work of con- struction, but fell victim to the insidious malaria of the Panama region, contracting the disease which caused his death, in New York, October 10, 1852, thus ending all too soon a life of phenomenal activity and em- inent success. His memory is preserved in a monument erected at the highest point reached bv the Panama railroad. ROEBLING, John A., Distinguished Civil Engineer. John A. Roebling was one of the world's most famous civil engineers of his day, par- ticularly famous as a projector and builder of wire bridges, and whose principal monu- ments are the great suspension bridges at Niagara Falls, and that over the East river, connecting the cities of New York and Brooklyn. Mr. Roebling was a native of Prussia, born in the city of Mulhausen, province of Thuringia, July 12, 1806. He received a thorough academical education, and then entered the Royal Polytechnic School in Berlin, from which he was graduated as a civil engineer. It is a noteworthy fact that during his student days he devoted much of his attention to the construction of suspen- sion bridges, and made his investigations and theories the subject of his graduating thesis, a paper which attracted much attention, and no little adverse criticism on account of his venturing upon what was then con- sidered an impracticable innovation. In compliance with the stern requirements of the Prussian government, he served upon ])ublic works for three years following his graduation. He came to the United States at the age of twenty-five, and located near Pittsburgh, I'ennsylvania. At this time engineering ef- fort was largely devoted to the improve- ment of inland transportation by means of a system of canals and slack- water naviga- tion on the rivers. Mr. Roebling directed his attention to this subject, and he began his labors on the Beaver river, a tributary of the Ohio. He subsequently became inter- ested in a project for navigable water con- nection between the Ohio river and Lake Erie, but the project was abandoned be- cause of the competition set in operation by the extensive building of railroads then begun. For a time Air. Roebling was en- gaged in the service of the State of Penn- sylvania in the location of a feeder for the Pennsylvania canal in the upper .•\llegheny river, and he was subsequently occupied surveying and locating the route of the Pennsylvania Central railway from Harris- burg across the mountains to Pittsburgh. It was about this time that Mr. Roeb- ling began to give his attention particularly to that department of engineering which soon made his name famous throughout the world. As early as 1844-1845 he had suc- cessfully constructed an aqueduct across the Allegheny river, on the principle of a suspension bridge with wire cables, encoun- tering from its beginning to its completion and successful inauguration the determined opposition and contemptuous opprobrium of the engineering ]irofession. During his res- idence in Pittsburgh he engaged in the man- ufacture of iron and steel wire, and there developed his wonderful knowledge of the nature and capabilities of wire which proved '-0 im]X)rtant a factor in enabling him to work a revolution in bridge construction. His success in the aqueduct project instilled confidence, and to him was committed the construction of the suspension bridge over 43 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY the Monongahela river at Pittsburgh, and he followed its successful completion with the building of four of the suspended aque- ducts for the Delaware canal. He then (in 185 1 ) began the building of tlie great rail- road bridge over the Niagara river, and which at the time of its completion at- tracted the admiration and astonishment of the engineering talent of Europe as well as of America, as the longest suspension bridge in the world. This he followed equally suc- cessfully with the suspension bridge over the Allegheny river at Pittsburgh, and that over the Ohio river at Cincinnati, the lat- ter, with a span of nearly two hundred feet greater length than that of the Niagara river bridge, marking another great advance step in the science of bridge building. The excellence of the Ohio river structure im- pressed upon engineers throughout the country the conviction that the problem of bridge construction had been solved and had much to do in pointing to Mr. Roebling as the chief engineer of the great Brooklyn-New York bridge. The building of a bridge over the East river to connect Brooklyn with New York, had been suggested shortly after Mr. Roeb- ling had built his first bridge at Pittsburgh, but did not pass the stage of discussion in the newspapers, and for years the project had passed out of sight. Its resurrection was in all probability due to Mr. Roebling more than to any other. It is a well au- thenticated fact that in February. 1853, he had an unpleasant experience on a ferry boat in the ice-choked East river, which caused him to take a personal interest in thf necessity for a bridge, and he published a letter setting forth the feasibility of such an undertaking. However, it was difficult to make a beginning, and eleven years were to pass before a legislative commission was appointed Hn 1864") to examine into and report upon the expediency and practicabil- ity of a bridge, and a building company was not organized until 1867. On May 23d of that year, and one month after the passage of the act of incorporation, Mr. Roebling was appointed engineer. He completed his report of survey, plans and estimates, on September ist following. The incorpora- tors, after a careful examination, expressed entire confidence in Mr. Roebling's judg- ment, experience and ability ; yet, in view of uncertainty and opposition on the part of various elements of the public, deemed it advisable to call in a board of consulting engineers, composed of Horatio G. .^llen, of New York ; Alfred W. Craven, engineer of the Croton Aqueduct ; H. B. Latrobe, builder and chief engineer of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, and chief engineer of the Reading railroad ; James P. Kirkwood, VV. J. McAlpine. John J. Serrell, and Col- one! Julius W. Adams. This board devoted nearly five months to an exhaustive study of Mr. Roebling's plans, and at the close of their labors reported favorably upon them in every respect. Meantime, in order to safeguard marine interests under the pro- visions of existing Acts of Congress, the ^Var Department appointed a commission of United States Engineers — Major Gen- eral Horatio G. Wright, Major General John Newton and Major Wright — to ascertain whether or not the proposed hi'dge would be a menace to navigation. The commis- sion carefully viewed the bridges at Pitts- burgh, Niagara. Cincinnati, and elsewhere, critically examined Mr. Roebling's plans, and in its report gave cordial and apprecia- tive endorsement and approval, except in a single particular — recommending that the height of the central span be 135 feet above the middle of the river, instead of 130 feet, as f)roposed. No man could have had ampler appreciation than came to Mr. Roeb- ling from these two boards of exacting scientists — the incorporators' committee and the government commission. It is reasonable to believe, in view of the magnitude of his labors and his advanced age. that Mr. Roebling expected the Brook- lyn bridge to be the crowning achievement of his long and useful career. And, in 44 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY larger way, such it was, though he was not destined to witness much more than its be- ginning. In the summer in which the work on the bridge was begun (1869), while en- gaged in determining the location of the bridge tower on the Brooklyn side of East river, he experienced an accident which re- sulted in his death. A ferry boat entering its slip dislodged the timbers upon which he was standing, in such manner as to catch and crush his foot, and sixteen days later he died, lockjaw having set in. His un- timely loss was severely felt, and the tri- butes to his memory were fervent and sin- cere, from press and pulpit, from municipal and scientific bodies, and from the general public. The mechanical bent of his mind was such that exactness was his cardinal principle, and he was most exacting in all professional matters, toward himself as well as towards his colaborers. At the same time he was of kindly and benevolent disposi- tion, and in his family and social relations he was most lovable. He held to the loftiest ideals of personal and civic life, and during the Civil War was one of the staunchest upholders of the Union cause. ZABRISKIE, Hon. Abraham O., Iianryer, Jnrist, Liegislator. Hon. Abraham O. Zabriskie, LL.D., was born June 10, 1807, in the then village of Greenbush, opposite Albany, in the State of New York. When he was four years old his parents removed to Millstone. New Jer- sey. There he received a thorough academ- ical education, and subsequently matricu- lated at Nassau Hall, Princeton, becoming a member of the junior class when only sixteen years of age, and graduating two years later, with the class of 1825. In the same year he commenced the study of law in the nflfice of James S. Green, of Prince- ton, and was licensed as an attorney in No- vember, 1828, being admitted as counsel- lor-at-Iaw in 1831. Selecting Newark as his field of practice. he remained tliere less than two years, then removed to Hackensack, where he remained nmeteen years. Here he was thrown among a quiet agricultural population, where he gradually matured his intellectual powers, and gathered strength which lasted during life. He gained the confidence of the peo- ple, and tney in turn trusted him as they never had trusted anyone before. In 1838 lie was appointed surrogate of Bergen coun- ty, and five years later was reappointed, holding that position for a period of ten years. During his incumbency he not only accurately learned how to frame the state- ments of executors and administrators, but he acquired a full knowledge of the history of ecclesiastical law, as pertaining to the estates of decedents, which made his coun- sels valuable in his after life. Diiring his administration of this office he evinced a method and accuracy which distinguished his life, and the discipline and care about minute details that he acquired in this posi- tion lasted him ever afterward. There was no man in the profession, in litigated causes in the Orphans' Court or the Prerogative Court, whose services were more valuable than his. In 1842 he was appointed Prose- cutor of the Pleas for Bergen county, and in this position he became master of the principles of the criminal law, so that no one who was really guilty of its infraction ever went unpunished for lack of effort on his part. He was so especially noted for his success in practice of this kind that he was frequently called upon at later dates both to prosecute and defend in criminal causes. During his residence in Bergen county he was retained as counsel in many cases before the civil courts, and esjiecially in those involving questions of titles to lands. By this means he became thoroughly familiar with the duties of a practical sur- veyor, and also with the proprietary history of New Jersey, and understood every pat- ent in the old "Field Book of Bergen Cotm- ty." and the common lands assigned to each patent. He was regarded by the legal fra- 45 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSE\ ternity as a most formidable adversary in all those cases where the title to land was involved. Having been a practitioner in the Supreme Court for some years, during which period he had been noted for his thorough research and capacity for patient labor, he was named Reporter for that tri- bunal, and held that position until 1855. He removed from Hackensack in 1849, ^"<^ selected Jersey City as his future, and, as it proved, his final residence. To the peo- ple of this county he was no stranger, for Hudson county had been until 1840 a por- tion of the county of Bergen, of which lat- ter Hackensack was the shire town. In 1850 he was nominated for the State Senate and elected, his term of service in- cluding the years 185 1, 1852 and 1853. While a member of that body he took an important part in legislation, and came in personal contact with many leading men in the State, which proved of great benefit to him afterward. He was also one of the committee of citizens who framed the vo- luminous charter of Jersey City, passed March 18, 185 1, some of its provisions be- ing drafted by him. During his senatorial career he was the means of having a good and sufficient lien law and also the "wharf act" passed. He was the author of the "Long Dock Charter." which became a law in February, 1856, by which means the com- pany bearing that cognomen were enabled to provide the necessary means to bring the New York & Erie railroad to their new terminus in Jersey City. During the same year he was elected a director of the New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Com- pany, and held that position until he was made Chancellor, ten years afterward. He soon became master of the situation, thor- oughly conversant with all the affairs of the company, not only as regarded the road but the rolling stock, the workshops, and the multifarious data of so large a con- cern. He was nominated, in 1859. by Gov- ernor Newell for the office of Chancellor of the State, but as the Senate was polit- ically opposed to the Governor, it declined tu confirm him, and the memorable strug- gle commenced which left the State for a year without a Chancellor. At the next election Charles S. Olden was chosen Gov- ernor, but again the Senate was opposed to iiiiu; and as he deemed that the mterests of the State required that his name should not be submitted to the Senate — although he was his first choice — another was named for the position. He was finally nominated by Governor Ward, in 1866, and confirmed by the Senate, and became Chancellor, May i, i866. He performed the arduous duties of Chancellor with a promptness which has never been surpassed by any other officer who had held that position. During his ad- ministration business had greatly increased, yet no cause was allowed to linger by rea- son of a want of time for his e.Kamination and decision. And these decisions betoken a positive and independent mind, manifest- ing great labor and research, and have es- tablished for him an enduring fame as a jurist. About the period when the great monopoly, as it was justly termed, was about to cease its arrogant demands, it was rumored that it sought an extension of twenty years, commencing January i, 1869, and much discussion prevailed throughout the State. At this juncture a public meet- ing was held in Jersey City to oppose the renewal of these monopoly privileges, when Chancellor Zabriskie made a speech taking strong ground against the renewal, and de- clared that, rather than have so odious a contract perpetuated, the people should, with pick-axe in hand, tear up the rails. For this expression of public indignation lie earned the soubriquet of "Captain of the F'ick-axe Guard." But the independent por- tion of the community sustained his earnest declaration, and the State was relieved of the obnoxious restriction. He repeated his speech before a committee of the Legisla- ture at Trenton, and the monopoly exten- sion scheme was dead. It was the crown- ing act of his life to defeat this giant cor- 46 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY poratioii, and the result is seen already in the free railroad law of the State. He was in all respects a most successful man. His practice was large and lucrative, whereby he was enabled to gain an ample com- petence. As a lawyer, his learning was great and varied, as already detailed ; and of his ability as a judge all of his com- peers bear full witness. He was regarded by business men as eminently sagacious in the management of affairs ; and in these particulars not only was his advice sought for, but he was chosen to fill many posi- tions of trust in various institutions. He was, as already stated, one of the directors of the New Jersey railroad, and held the same position in a bank, a life insurance and trust company, and in the Jersey City Gas Company ; also as a trustee of the old Jersey City Savings Bank, besides in sun- dry other institutions. When engaged in business he gave his whole attention to the matter before him ; and when his labors were over he sought recreation. During his life he was somewhat of a traveller, and more than once visited the "old world." Here again his methodical spirit asserted itself; for not only was the day of his de- parture fixed upon, but all the minutiae of his travels abroad were predetermined be- fore he left his home, and the day of his return thither indicated. He also journeyed through a greater portion of the Union at various times, and he always adhered to the plan which he marked out to pursue. .After his term as Chancellor expired he de- sired to visit the Pacific states, and in com- pany with a friend set out upon what proved to be his last journey on earth. Together they passed from the East to the West, over the great iron highway that binds the At- lantic and Pacific shores of the imperial republic in an unbroken link, passing over the fertile fields, the boundless prairies, the extended plains, the Rocky Mountains, and the dreary wastes of the great basin inter- vening between this rocky barrier and the Sierra Nevada, into the golden State and to the shores of the Pacific. After being impressed with the glories of the most sub- lime natural scenery on the continent they retraced their steps, and upon their home- ward way he was suddenly stricken by a sickness which proved mortal. He had been reared in the doctrines of the Re- formed Dutch church, and although he had never become a communicant member of that denomination, he was essentially a Christian man. He was a most charitable man, and never wearied in doing kind- nesses ; and he was also a most conscien- tious man, for he took pains to know his duty, and when known he faithfully dis- charged it. He was a most diligent student, not only well read in law, but in history, the natural sciences, anatomy, medicine and theology ; and what he studied at all was thoroughly studied. He died at Truckee, California, June 27, 1873, ^""^ the news of his decease, transmitted by telegraph, pro- duced a most profound impression through- out the State, calling forth eulogia upon his fame, not only as a lawyer, Senator, jurist and Chancellor, but also as a private citizen, a neighbor and a friend. FORT, George Franklin, Governor, Masonic Writer. Governor George Franklin Fort was born in Pemberton, Burlington county, New Jersey, in May, 1809. After receiv- ing an ordinary education in the common schools at his home and in that neighbor- hood, he entered the Medical Department of the University, from which he was gradu- ated with the degree of Doctor of Medi- cine in 1830, the year in which he attained his majority. He entered upon practice, and with a degree of success which held out before him most promising prospects, but he became interested in politics, which, with the duties of the public positions to which he was called by reason of his polit- ical activity, commanded his attention throughout the remainder of his life. 47 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY He served for some time as a represen- tative from Monmouth county in the State Assembly. He was a useful member of the convention of 1844, called to frame a new State Constitution, and soon after that body had completed its labors, he was elec- ted to the State Senate. In 1850 he be- came Governor of New Jersey, and served until the completion of his term in 1854. He was almost immediately appointed to a seat in the Court of Errors and Appeals, and also served as a member of the Prison Reform Commission, and also held other offices at various times. While educated for the medical profession, by private reading he had gained a very fair knowl- edge of law, and he was found wanting in no position to which he was called. He was deeply interested in Masonry, and in 1875 published in Philadelphia a volume entitled "Early History and Antiquities of Freemasonry." In 1847 he received from the College of New Jersey the hon- orary degree of Master of Arts. He died in New Egypt, New Jersey, .-Xpril 22, 1872 PEDDIE, Thomas Baldwin, Man of Affairs, Statesman, Philanthropist. Thomas Baldwin Peddie was one of the most progressive and public spirited citi- zens of Newark. New Jersey, and may justly be credited with a large share of those activities which have, within recent years, placed the city in the forefront of American industrial centers. Himself a typical example of the keen and large minded business man who carries the weight of affairs of the utmost importance, he was ever ready to undertake another burden, if by so doing he might by deed or example benefit or further any movement pointing towards the betterment of indus- trial or municipal conditions. Thomas Pjaldwin Peddie was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1808, and there re- ceived a substantial and practical educa- tion. To this he added largely by means of home study and the use of his keen powers of observation, which made of him a man of fine e.xecutive ability and an ex- cellent judge of human nature. An earnest reader from his earliest years, he was chiefly attracted by books of travel, and these inspired him with the idea of visiting America, as offering finer prospect for ad- vancement than the Old World had to offer. When he came to the United States in 1833 he had no fixed plans as to his fu- ture line of conduct. Had he been dis- appointed in conditions here, at that time, this country would probably never have had the benefit of his wise counsel and en- terprise during the many years he remain- ed a resident here. Upon his arrival he went at once to the City of Newark, New- Jersey, as a fitting place for the carrying out of the plans he had already partly formulated. He became immediately identified with the manufacturing interests of the city, in that he visited factories of various kinds, and finally applied for a position in the manufacturing establish- ment of Smith & Wright, manufacturers of saddlery. Himself was his best and only recommendation, and this sufficed to obtain the position he was seeking, and two years were spent in this factory during which Mr. Peddie acquired a thorough mastery of the business customs in vogue here. He then established himself inde- pendently in the manufacture of leather trunks and carpet bags, commencing on a small scale, and during the ten years which followed his efforts were attended with such an amount of success that at last he found himself unable to take care of his growing responsibilities alone. .Xccording- ly, in 1846, he admitted to a partnership John Morrison, and this connection was uninterrupted until the death of Mr. Mor- rison in 1861. For a time Mr. Peddie again attempted to conduct his extensive interests alone, but as this was entirely out of the question, because of the large re- sponsibilities involved, he accepted as a 48 .^^^_^^^_lc_^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY partner George B. Jenkinson, one of his assistants, who had for many years become thoroughly famihar with every detail of all the departments of the concern. The firm name was changed to read T. B. Peddie & Company, and was thus continued until tlie death of Mr. Peddie, February i6, 1889. Many other business enterprises claimed a share of the time and attention of Mr. Peddie. He was a member, and at one time president, of the Newark Board of Trade ; director in the Essex County National Bank ; president of the Securi- ty Savings Bank. The cause of education ever found in him a most ardent advocate and libera! supporter. He was one of the most inter- ested workers in behalf of erecting the academy at Hightstown, New Jersey, which is now called Peddie Institute, as a mark of respect and appreciation for the services he rendered. The Newark Tech- nical School is another institution which largely owes its inception to the personal efforts of Mr. Peddie while he was a mem- ber of the Newark Board of Trade. For many years he was a trustee of the Newark City Home, and he was a generous contrib- utor to all worthy enterprises of a charita- ble nature. One of the noblest structures in Newark, but one which Mr. Peddie did not live to see finished, is what is now called the Peddie Alemorial. It was presented by Mr. Peddie to the congregation with which he had associated himself upon his first coming to the city, and stands upon the main street, almost facing one of the parks. It seats three thousand worshippers, and is constructed in the Byzantine style of archi- tecture. The name it now holds was sug- gested after the death of Mr. Peddie. His ideas and plans with regard to this build- ing, as far as he had expressed them, were faithfully carried out by his widow and, in compliance with another wish expressed by him, she donated to the church valuable property in New York City and elsewhere. The fine moral character of Mr. Peddie 49 II-4 made him the choice of his fellow citizens for positions of public trust and responsi- bility, and he served in the State Legis- lature in 1863-64, where his counsel was of inestimable value during the troubled times of the Civil War; from 1866-69, he was of great benefit to the city as its mayor ; and in 1876, as a representative of the Sixth Congressional District of New Jer- sey, he was a member of the Forty-fifth Congress, declining renomination upon the expiration of his term. His social mem- bership was with the Union League Club of New York, the Essex Club of Newark and the Essex County Country Club of Orange. Air. Peddie married in Newark, in 1858, Sarah Annette Ogden, who died in 1893. The charities of Mr. Peddie, were numer- ous, but generally pursued in so unosten- tatious a manner that the world will never know their full extent. They were char- acteristic of the kindness of heart which was one of his strong features. Few men ever brought to public duties a greater amount of conscientious principle. Every public act was governed by that law of jus- tice and of right which would stand the test of closest scrutiny. He preferred the true to the false, the substantial to the pre- tentious, and his life was one which may be studied by all who seek distinction, re- spect and success. MECUM, James Wright Prominent in Commnnity Affairs. In the home in Salem which he built and to which James Wright Mecum brought his bride in 1840, and where all h's chil- dren were born, are many valuable articles closely associated with the lives of mem- bers of the family from which are descend- ed the present owners, children of James Wright Mecum. There is the sword carried by Dr. Samuel Dick while a surgeon in the army besieging Quebec under the immortal Wolfe: another carried by Major William Mecum during the Revolutionary War; and CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY a third worn by Captain Josiali Jrlarrison. Major Mecum's sword is doubly valuable as an heirloom, from the fact that it has a silver hilt, made from his own shoe and knee buckles. Well preserved old furni- ture, hallowed by hands long since stilled, portraits of honored forbears, tapestries, and pictures, all testify to the veneration with which these mute evidences of valor, gentle blood, and domestic happiness are held by the children of James Wright Me- cum, who own not only the original home of their parents but also the Mecum lands in Lower Penn's Neck township, where part of their honored father's life was passed. The Mecum family of Salem county spring from Edward Mecum, and through intermarriages are connected with the Sin- nickson, Dick, and other leading early fam- ilies of West Jersey, also with the Harrison family of Newark and Orange, New Jer- sey, who sprang from Richard Harrison, of Connecticut, 1640, and Sergeant Richard Harrison, who settled in Newark, New Jer- sey, in 1667. The Mecums came in the lat- ter part of the seventeenth century and the Dick family between 1730 and 40. Each furnished eminent sons that proved their worth and value as citizens of the common- wealth that gave them homes and opportu- nity. lulward Mecum, the founder, great- grandfather of James Wright Mecum, first appears on Salem county records in 1706, as a juror, but in 1701 he purchased land of Thomas Penn. He was the father of William Mecum, who rebuilt a house in 1737 on his farm of two hundred acres in Penn's Neck township, that is still stand- ing. This William Mecum married, in 1728, Margaret Vickerj-, the mother of Major William Mecum. of Revolutionary fame. Major Wiliam Mecum, of the third gen- eration in Salem count)', owned lands in Lower Penn's Neck township, was a pros- perous agriculturist, prominent in civil life, and a soldier of the Revolution. He was SO a justice of the peace from 1774 until 1776; judge of Salem county courts from 1777 until 1782, also in 1786 and 87. He served as major of the First Battalion Salem County Militia, and saw service in the field both in New Jersey and New York, lead- ing his troops in the latter State as part of the "Flying Brigade" commanded by General Newcomb. The sword with the silver hilt that was part of his equipment is preserved by his great-great-grandchildren in their Salem home previously referred to. Major Mecum married (first) Dorcas Gib- son, whose only child died in infancy. He married (second) Eleanor Sinnickson, sec- ond daughter of Andrew and Sarah Sin- nickson, a descendant of Andrew Sinnick- son (Anders Senecason), who came to America about 1627. (See Sinnickson me- morials in this work). Andrew, son of Major William Mecum and his second wife, Eleanor Sinnickson, was born at the homestead in Lower Penn's Neck township, February 3, 1780, and died October 4, 1814. He was one of the lead- ing agriculturists of the county, accumu- lated considerable wealth, and was the own- er of several farms. He married Ann, daughter of James Wright. James Wright, only son of Andrew and Ann (Wright) Mecum, was born on the homestead in Lower Penn's Neck township, yet owned by his children, December 9, 1809, died in Salem, November 19, 1878. He was educated in private schools and in Salem Academy, devoting several years of his youthful manhood to the duties of as- sistant to the county clerk of Salem. He was the owner of several valuable farms in Low- er Penn's Neck township, and to the man- agement of these the greater part of his life was devoted. In addition to the manage- ment of his own estates he was for many years treasurer of the Farmer's Mutual Fire Insurance Company, a trustee of Rutgers College and of St. Mary's Hall, of Burling- ton. He was a man of influence in his com- munity', using his wealth justly and giving CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY hearty support to the church with which his family had been connected for many generations, the Episcopal. He was a com- municant of St. John's Church, of Salem, served as vestryman and warden, was lay reader for many years, and also superinten- dent of the Sunday school. He had no taste for public official life, yet was keenly alive to his responsibilities as a citizen. He was a Whig in early life, later becoming a Democrat, and affiliating with that party until his death. He was a man highly re- spected, proud of the achievements of his ancestors, jealous of the fame of the Me- cum name, and transmitted it to his chil- dren untarnished by act of his. Mr. Mecum married, May 24, 1841, Lydia Ann Harrison, of Salem, New Jersey, daugh- ter of Josiah and Isabella S. (Dick) Harri- son, the ceremony being performed in St. John's by Rev. E. G. Prescott, the rector. Mr. Mecum made his bride mistress of the mansion he had caused to be erected at No. 33 Market street, Salem, and there their years of married happiness were passed and there all of their children were born. Chil- dren : Isabella, died aged three years ; George, died at the age of forty-four years. unmarried ; Ellen, of extended mention else- where ; James Harrison, died aged fourteen years ; Maria Harrison, now residing in Sa- lem, in the home where she was born ; Charles, a graduate of the law department of the University of Pennsylvania, class of 1881, now a practicing lawyer of Salem. He married. May 29, 1890, Margaret Howard, daughter of J. Howard and Elizabeth f For- man) Sinnickson, and has children: Fran- ces Margaret: Charles Harrison, a gradu- ate of the United States Naval Academy, class of 1914: and James Howard, a stu- dent in the University of Pennsylvania, class of 1917. (The Harrison Line). Lydia .-Xnn Harrison Mecum was a descendant of Richard Harrison, of New Haven, Connecticut, who came from West Kirby, England, in 1640, was of Branford, Connecticut, in 1653, and New Haven in 1664. Richard {2), son of Richard Harrison, the founder, settled in Newark, New Jer- sey, about 1667, and there died prior to 1691. He was known as "Sergeant Rich- ard." Joseph, son of Sergeant Richard Harri- son, was born in 1649, died in 1742. He married Dorcas, daughter of Sergeant John Ward, of Newark; she died in 1738. Stephen, son of Josepti and Dorcas (Ward) Harrison, was born in Newark in 1698, died in 1786, married, and left is- sue. Jotham, born in 1751, died in 1806, a resi- dent of Orange, New Jersey, his farm now forming the central part of that beautiful suburban city. He married Lydia James, born in 1750, died in 1832. Captain Josiah Harrison, son of Jotham and Lydia (James) Harrison, was born in Orange, September 22, 1776, died Febru- ary 25, 1865, in Salem. He was a gradu- ate of Princeton, class of 1790, a lawyer, a captain of Salem County Militia in the War of 1812. He practiced law in both Camden and Salem, also figuring prom- inently in public affairs during the early years of the Republic. It was his pride that he witnessed the inauguration of George Washington as the first President of the United States in New York City in 1789, and his greater pride that he lived long enough to be assured that the Union of States was of sufficient strength to resist the first armed attempt to destroy it. He possessed a rare collection of valuable books, some of them yet preserved among the many treasures of the Mecum home in Salem. As a lay reader he gathered a small congre- gation, that was the nucleus of the later St. Paul's Church, the largest Episcopal church in Camden. He was for many years a lay reader and warden of St. John's, Sa- lem, and was deeply interested in parish work. He married, in 1804, Isabella Stuart 51 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Dick, who died February 16, 1817. Their daughter, Lydia Ann, married James Wright Mecum. (The Dick Line). Isabella Stuart Dick was a daughter of Dr. Samuel Dick, and granddaughter of Rev. John Dick, son of a minister of the Presbyterian church in the North of Ire- land. Rev. John Dick married Isabella Stuart, of Scotch birth, a lady of culture and education. They came to America be- tween the years 1735 and 1740, as in the latter year they were living at Nottingham, Prince George county, Maryland. On No- vember 12, 1746, he was ordained pastor of the Presbyterian church at New Castle and Drawyers, Delaware, serving that and neighboring churches until his death in 1748. Dr. Samuel Dick was born at Notting- ham, Prince George county, Maryland, No- vember 14, 1740, died at Salem, November 16, 1812, after a most distinguished pub- lic career as surgeon, physician, scholar, politician, and patriot. He was educated un- der the highest class of private tutors, spoke and wrote five languages besides his own, Hebrew, Greek, French, Spanish, and Lat- in, and was educated for the medical pro- fession in a Scotch university. He served as assistant surgeon with the colonial army in Canada in 1760, was with Wolfe at Que- bec, and in 1770 came with his widowed mother to Salem county. New Jersey, and there established in medical practice. His home, built in 1730, was a brick dwelling on the corner of Walnut and Fenwick streets, which he purchased and there end- ed his days. In 1776 he was elected a mem- ber of the Provincial Congress of New Jer- sey, and was one of a committee of five ap- pointed to prepare a draft of a constitution for the State. He was commissioned col- onel and rendered efficient service during the Revolution. In 1780 he was appointed surrogate of Salem county by Governor Liv- ingston, an office he held for twenty-two years. In 1783 he was elected to Congress, and was a member of the Congress that ratified the treaty of peace with England, Januar)' 14, 1784, that gave to the world a new nation — the United States of America. He served as Congressman in 1783-84-85, and was closely associated, in the construc- tive legislation of those sessions, with Jef- ferson and the leading men of his day. He died in Salem, November 16, 1812, and is buried in St. John's Cemetery, his grave- stone testifying that "he spake evil of none." His virtues were many, his deeds worthy. Dr. Dick married, in 1773, Sarah, young- est daughter of Judge Andrew and Sarah Sinnickson. She died May 3, 1827, aged seventy-one years, the mother of five chil- dren: Sarah, Isabella Stuart, Anna, Samuel Stuart, and Maria. Isabella S. married Cap- tain Josiah Harrison, in 1804. Their daugh- ter, Lydia Ann, in 1841 married James Wright Mecum, of previous mention. The descendants of Isabella S. Dick are the only living descendants of Dr. Samuel Dick, with one exception. MECUM. Miss Ellen, Iieader in Benevolent and Patriotic IVoTk. Descended from a long line of honorable ancestors, many of them renowned in Church and State, Miss Mecum inherited from her sires the virtues that made them conspicuous in public Hfe, while from the gentle ladies of her ancient families came that tender side of her nature that endeared her to all and compelled admiration while winning universal love and respect. A child of patriotic sires, she gloried in their achievements and reverenced the relics left behind as evidence of their prowess. This appreciation of their patriotism and that of others of their day led her into the patriotic order. Daughters of the American Revolu- tion, a society in which she won the high- est State and national honors. She was a true daughter of the Church, for years a pillar of strength to St. John's, of Salem, 52 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY her sphere the musical services, of which for years she was in charge. She was charming in her personahty and a social favorite, combining in her character the de- voted earnestness of the striver after high ideals and the charming womanhood that brought her into general favor far beyond the confines of her own city and State. A truly consecrated woman. "The world is richer that she lived And Heaven that she died." Ellen JMecum, born July i, 1846, died January i, 1912, second daughter of James Wright and Lydia Ann ( Harrison ) Me- cum. She was well educated, especially in music, talent for which she possessed to an unusual degree, her voice a beautiful, sweet, and true soprano. This led her early to the church, and from the age of ten years, when she first entered the choir of St. John's, of Salem, she was a devoted member of that church, consecrating her musical talents to that best of all purposes. Christian service. She trained, taught, and managed the choir, and for many years was in complete charge of the music at St. John's, freely giving to that work all her energy, enthusiasm, and zeal. Second only to her love for the church and her compassionate and helpful interest in God's unfortunates, the work of the wo- men's patriotic societies most appealed to Miss Mecum. Through her patriotic for- bears she gained admission to the Daugh- ters of the American Revolution, joining Nassau Chapter, of Camden. Her ability and interest resulted in her election as re- gent of that Chapter, but later, after organ- izing Oak Tree Chapter (named in honor of Salem's mighty oak, now over three cen- turies old) she withdrew from Nassau to become the first regent of Oak Tree Chap- ter. Devoted to the order, her fame spread abroad, and soon the State order availed itself of her wise executive ability by elect- ing her vice-regent of the New Jersey Daughters of the American Revolution. Soon afterward she was elected State re- gent, serving two years. She had now be- come a national character in the order, served on important committees, was chos- en vice-president general for New Jersey of the National Society, and at the time of her death was holding that high office, was a member of the executive board of gover- nors, and was chairman of the national com- mittee on patriotic education. She was deeply interested in the work of the last named committee of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and through her ef- forts much was accomplished in the matter of patriotic teachings in the public schools. Broad in her sympathy, energetic and ca- pable, loyal and true, she achieved results valuable to State and National Societies of the American Revolution, none excelling her in devotion or usefulness. She gave one- fourth of her life to the service of that or- ganization, loved it with all the intensity of her strong nature, and found in it pleasure and happiness, her sisters lovingly bestow- ing upon her many honors. She was also a Colonial Dame, tnember of the board of governors of the New Jersey Society, Co- lonial Dames of America, and but shortly prioi to her deith had been elected histo- rian. She was president of the Women's Club of Salem, one of the oldest women's clubs in the country. The first panel dedi- cated in the "Roof of the Republic," in the Memorial Chapel of Valley Forge, present- ed by Mrs. Erastus Gaylord Putnam, con- tains a bronze tablet commemorative of Miss Ellen Mecum, whose memory was further honored in the dedicatory address. Her sympathies were ever with the un- fortunate and afflicted. She constantly plan- ned for their relief and included in her plans not only the betterment of individuals but the improvement of civic conditions. The blind particularly appealed to her warm and loving nature, and in addition to her work in their behalf, in which she was foremost, she used her influence to the last in secur- ing legislation which has immeasurably bet- 53 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tered the conditions under which the blind must live and has reduced the cause of blindness in young children. All forms of of charitable work had her approval and support, and no subject affecting the pub- lic good was without interest to this no- ble, public-spirited woman, who stood in her community for all that was purest and best, who, never weary in well doing, consecrated all of her talents to the glory of God and the good of her fellows. "She is not dead, this friend, not dead, But in the paths we mortals tread Got some few trifling steps ahead And nearer to the end. So that you, too, once past this bend Shall meet again, as face to face, this friend. You fancy dead." RUTHERFURD, John, Historian, Leader in Commnnity Affairs. Hon. John Rutherfurd was born July 21, 1810, at the home of his maternal grand- father, Lewis Morris, of Westchester coun- ty, New York. His parents were Robert Walter and Sabina (Morris) Rutherfurd. His paternal grandfather, after whom he was named, was a country gentleman and large landholder, living on his estate at Edgerton, on the Passaic river, known as Rutherfurd Park ; he was a public-spirited citizen, and served in the Congress of 1793; he married a sister of Lewis Morris. The paternal great-grandfather was a colonel in the British army, prominent in the French war; he inarried a sister of Lord Stirling. John Rutherfurd became one of his grandfather's family when he was about two and a half years old. As a child he gave evidence of precocity beyond his years, as shown by his diary. At the age of sev- en he was reading Rollins' "Belles Lettres," Goldsmith's "Abridged History of Greece." and began Goldsmith's "History of Rome." When nine years old he was sent to the Newark Academy, under Adam Smith, a noted teacher of that day, but as the academy was at too great a distance from his grandfather's home, he was boarded by his teacher. Leav- ing this school, he was fitted for college at the famous institute of Dr. Brownlee, at Basking Ridge. He was intended for Prince- ton College, his father's alma mater, but on visiting that institution he conceived a dislike for what he deemed undignified con- duct on the part of the students with whom he would need associate. Entirely upon his own motion, without consultation with any one, he went to New Brunswick, and after a two hours examination was admit- ted to the sophomore class of Rutgers Col- lege, being then in his fifteenth year. He graduated at the age of eighteen, and took up law studies with Elias Van Arsdale, in Newark, and was admitted to the bar in due time. He practiced his profession but two years, when he abandoned it in order to assist his grandfather in the care of hii estate. After the death of his grandparents, he married, and took up his residence at the palatial home of his aunts, Mary and Louisa Rutherfurd, some two miles from Newark, where he lived a life of gentlemanlike com- fort, interested in his books, and at the same time taking a leading part in further- ing the enterprises set on foot for the de- velopment of the resources and interests of the surrounding region. In these labors he displayed executive ability of a high order, and it was said of him that "his great self-control, his tact in management of all embarrassing questions, his whole- souled generosity, and his slowness to sus- pect anything wrong in the motives of oth- ers, caused him to be almost worshipped among his tenantry, and there was probab- ly no one in the entire county of Essex who had equal popularity with him." Transportation questions had a remark- ably strong hold upon him. Conceiving the desirability of connecting the Delaware and Hudson rivers, he originated the War- wick railroad, having its beginning at Chester, on the Erie road, and continuing to the State line, a distance of ten miles; 54 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY was largely interested in the construction of the Pequest Valley railroad ; was a di- rector and able worker in the Midland rail- road : and as president of the Tuckerton railroad, in Ocean county, was largely in- strumental in converting large areas of the "pine barrens" into cultivated lands. He was also a director in the Sussex railroad, and president of the New Jersey Coal Company, in which capacity he was the prime factor in coal development. Aside from the beforementioned inter- ests, he was deeply interested in others out- side commercial lines but of great public importance. He was an hereditary member of the Council of Proprietors for the East- ern Division of New Jersey, and for many years its president ; "his influence in that body was so great, and the confidence in his inflexible uprightness and sound judg- ment so general, that he never failed, by expressing his opinion, to control the ac- tion of the board, no matter how divided the sentiment might be." He was a direc- tor in the New Jersey State Agricultural Society, and was a leader in the advance- ment of its usefulness to the State at large. He was a prominent member of the New Jersey Historical Society, serving as vice- president and president. His devotion to this institution was constant and fervent, and he brought to its service that versatil- ity of talents that made him invaluable. Many of the priceless manuscripts, docu- ments and literary curiosities in its library are the gifts of Mr. Rutherfurd and his family. He died November 21, 1872, aged sixty- two years, after a long illness beginning with malarious fever. The funeral took ])lace from Trinity Church, Newark, and the burial in Christ Church graveyard, Belleville, where are also interred the re- mains of his parents, aunts, and one of his children. He had grown up in that church, and was for many years one of its vestry- men, and frequently represented the parish in the diocesan conventions of the Protest- ant E])iscopal Church of New Jersey. BOGGS, Charles Stuart, Distinguished Naral Officer. Rear Admiral Charles Stuart Boggs was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, Jan uary 28, 181 1. His mother was a sister of the heroic Captain James Lawrence, whose utterance, "Don't give up the ship," is as famous as Nelson's "England expects every man will do his duty." It is said of Boggs that the impression made upon his mother and transmitted to him, concerning the brilliant career of Captain Lawrence, had much influence in turning his mind to naval aiTairs. When quite young he was sent to Cap- tain Partridge's celebrated military school at Middletown, Connecticut, but his school days were few. In 1826, at the early age of fifteen, he was appointed from New Jer- sey to a midshipman's berth in the sloop- of-war "Warren," of the Mediterranean Squadron, then engaged in protecting American commerce against the Greek pi- rates who swarmed in those waters. Young Boggs was on this duty three years, a part of the time in the ship-of-the-line "Dela- ware." For two years following he was on duty in the schooner "Porpoise," in the West Indies. In 1832, having just come of age, he was appointed passed-midship- man, and with that rank served one year in the sloop "Falmouth," in the West In- dies, and three years in a receiving ship in New York. In 1836 he was made master of the ship-of-line "North Carolina," which had been ordered on service in the Pacific, but on arriving at Callao he re- ceived appointment as acting lieutenant, and was ordered to the schooner "Enter- prise," as master, in which capacity he saw much active service. In 1837 he was made full lieutenant, and in 1839 returned home in the "North Carolina," which was now 55 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY made a school ship, and in which he served in New York as heutenant in charge of apprentices, and in which capacity he dis- played his fine capacity for command, com- bining mildness and courtesy of manners with absolute strictness as a disciplinarian. In 1842-1843 he was in the sloop "Sara- toga," on the African coast, and took an active part in the bombardment and closing of certain slave ports. During the war with Mexico, in the steamer "Princeton," he took part in the bombardment of the castle of San Juan de Ulloa, and Tampico, and commanded a hazardous boat expedi- tion from the "Princeton" and which de- stroyed the U. S. brig "Truxton," after her capture by the Mexicans ; in this affair the capture of his party was only averted by his singular tact and courage. In 1851 he was executive officer of the frigate "St. Lawrence," sent to London by the govern- ment to convey American contributions to the World's Fair. On his return he was promoted to first lieutenant, and for three years was on duty at the New York Navy yard as inspector of clothing and pro- visions. From September 15, 1855, he was for three years in command of the U. S. mail steamer "Illinois," in the service of the California Steamship Company. In i860 he was made inspector of lights on the California coast, in the steamer "Shu- brick," and was on that duty when the Civil War opened. He at once asked the Navy Department to give him active ser- vice, and was given command of the steam- er "Veruna," which was ordered to Farra- gut's fleet below New Orleans. His was the first vessel to pass the batteries, and he did much damage to the enemy's gimboats, but his ship was finally rammed by the iron- clad "Stonewall Jackson," whereupon the "Veruna" was run ashore, in a sinking con- dition, and firing her gims as long as they were above water. For his gallantry on this occasion he received beautiful swords from his State and native town. On July 16, 1862, he was commissioned captain and given command of the "Sacramento," on blockading service off Cape Fear, and here constant exposure and fatigue wore upon him so seriously that he was obliged to ap- ply for leave and return home to recruit his health. In 1864- 1865 he was on duty at New York, superintending the building and outfitting of steam picket boats planned by himself, one of these being the torpedo boat in whurh the gallant Cushing attacked and destroyed the Confederate ram "Albe- marle." In 1866 he commanded the "Con- necticut," cruising in the West Indies. On this service he overtook the iron-clad "Stonewall," in Havana harbor, and de- manded her surrender, whereupon she was turned over to the Spanish authorities. In 1867- 1868 he commanded the "De Soto," of the North Atlantic Squadron. On July I, 1870, he was promoted to rear admiral, and appointed lighthouse inspector. In 1873 he was placed on the retired list. He died April 22, 1888. TEN EYCK, John Conover, La^wyer, Jnrist, Publicist. The training and education of John Con- over Ten Eyck was particularly well suit- ed to the part in life he was destined to play, and very probably exercised no small influence in determining what that part should be. Possessed of a large degree of learning, an extensive knowledge of the his- tory of the world and knowledge of its achievements in literature and art, besides a thorough understanding of his profession, he was eminently fitted as an advisor in the difficult task of framing for a great State a constitution adapted to new conditions, whereby her governmental and political re- lations should be guided, and which should exist as the paramount law in all domestic affairs. It was in this invaluable function that Mr. Ten Eyck made for himself his greatest and most lasting claim for fame and the gratitude of his fellow-citizens. He was born in Freehold, Monmouth 56 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY county, New Jersey, March 12, 1814. His classical education was conducted under private tutors and in an unusually thorough manner. When he finally turned from his general studies to those of his chosen pro- fession, the law, he placed himself under the tutelage of the Hon. Joseph F. Ran- dolph, Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, whose qualifications as precep- tor, together with his pupil's unusual apti- tude, so prospered matters that Mr. Ten Eyck was admitted to the bar in 1835, hav- ing just attained his majority. In 1838 he was made counsellor. He began practice in Burlington, where he formed a partner- ship with the Hon. Garret D. Wall, then United States Senator from New Jersey. With such an auspicious association and his own gifts, natural and acquired, his suc- cess was assured, and he soon won for him- self a leading place at the bar. In 1839 he was appointed Prosecutor of the Pleas for Burlington county, and he occupied this position for ten years, performing the ard- uous duties of that office in a most credit- able manner. It was in 1844 that a conven- tion was assembled for the purpose of drafting a new constitution for New Jer- sey. Mr. Ten Eyck was next to the young- est of the members of that distinguished body, and his service was so conspicuous- ly useful as to attract the favorable atten- tion of his confreres, with the result of still further advancing his political fortunes. In 1859 he was elected to the United States Senate, and in that body he came at once to positions of usefulness and distinction, and was a well regarded member of the com- mittees on commerce, patents, and the ju- diciary. 1873 he was once more called to take part in the revision of the State con- stitution, and acted as chairman of the commission appointed to prepare a com- prehensive series of amendments, and which in due time were ratified by the people. Mr. Ten Eyck was a Whig, until the dis- ruption of that party, when he became a Republican, and during the Civil War per- 57 iod he gave hearty and unflagging support to the cause of the Union. He died at Mount Holly, New Jersev, August 24, 1879. PARKER, Joel, Lawyer, Jurist, Governor. Hon. Joel Parker, Governor for two terms, a Supreme Court Justice for a like period, and then declining a third nomi- nation for the gubernatorial office, was born near Freehold, New Jersey, November 24, 18 16, son of Charles and Sarah (Coward) Parker ; grandson of Thomas and Sarah (Stout) Parker and of Captain Joseph Coward, of the Continental Army ; and a descendant of Joseph Parker, who settled in Monmouth, New Jersey, about 1668. His father settled in Trenton in 1821, and was a member of the State Assembly, and later State Treasurer. Joel Parker was prepared for college at Trenton Academy and the Lawrenceville High School, and then entered the College of New Jersey, from which he was gradu- ated A. B. in 1839, receiving the master's degree in 1842. He was fortunate in hav- ing for law preceptor Hon. Henry W. Green, Chief Justice of New Jersey. He was admitted to the bar in 1842, and en- gaged in practice in Freehold, and in which he was actively employed until 1880, bar- ring such interruptions as were incident to his political and official life. A Demo- crat in politics, he soon became interested in political affairs, and in 1840 made an ac- tive canvass for Van Buren for the presi- dency, and four years later for Polk and Dallas. He made a pleasing popular im- pression as a speaker and leader, and in 1847 was elected to the State Assembly, in which he remained for four years. From 1852 to 1857 he served as Prosecutor of the Pleas. He was a presidential elector in the campaign of i860, and cast his vote for -Stephen A. Douglas for the presidency. He had been a brigadier-general of militia CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY since 1857, and when hostilities began be- tween the North and the South, he was advanced to the rank of major-general. At the outset, he believed the war to be avert- able, and held aloof for a time. But, as soon as the conflict actually began, with the firing on Fort Sumter, he warmly espoused the Union cause and held to it resolutely until the end. His service as Governor was from 1863 to 1866. He was constantly active in support of the administration of President Lincoln ; he not only provided New Jersey's full quota of troops at the various times they were called for, but on the invasion of Pennsylvania he supplied Governor Curtin, of that State, with sever- al regiments of emergency volunteers. At the same time he directed the financial af- fairs of the State with such sagacity that during his entire administration not a single bond was marketed at less than its face value, and at the close of the war, in the final summing up, instead of having a de- ficiency to provide for, as was so common with sister States, there was a surplus of $200,000 in the treasury of New Jersey. His admirable conduct of State af- fairs during his governorship, with his tal- ents for leadership and as an orator, gave him national prominence. In 1868, in the Democratic National Convention, he re- ceived the undivided vote of the New Jer- sey delegation for the presidential nomi- nation, and similar action was taken in the conventions of 1876 and 1884. In 1872 he was the candidate of the National Labor Reform Convention for Vice-President, on the same ticket with Hon. David Davis for President, but declined. In the same year he was again elected Governor, and while his incumbency of the ofifice was unmarked by any such stern requirements as attended his first administration, his conduct was most meritorious. On retiring from the executive office, he was made Attorney- General of the State. In 1876 he was a presidential elector on the Tilden and Hendricks ticket. In 1880 he was made a Justice of the Supreme Court, and was re- elected, extending his judicial service to a period of eight years, meantime (in 1883) declining a third nomination for the gov- ernorship. To Governor Parker is due the distinc- tion of setting afoot the movement result- ing in the erection of the Battle Monument on the Monmouth battlefield, and of being among the foremost in carrying the work on to a successful consummation. The pro- ject had its inception in an oration which he delivered on the ground, in Freehold, on June 28, 1877, the ninety-ninth anni- versary of the battle. Committees to so- licit funds were appointed on the spot. State and National aid was procured, and the completed monument was unveiled No- vember 13th, 1884, on which occasion ex- Governor Parker delivered an admirable oration, which, as a contribution to history, is valuable for all time. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Rutgers College in 1872 ; and he was an honorary member of the New Jersey branch of the Society of the Cincinnati. He married, in 1843, Maria M., daughter of Samuel M. Gummere, of Trenton, New Jersey. He died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, January 2, 1888. 58 WHELPLEY, Edward W., Brilliant Lavryer, Jurist. It has been said of Mr. Whelpley that he was distinguished at the bar as a forci- ble and convincing orator in public assem- blies and in trials before juries, and as an able advocate, with great force of intellect and strong grasp of legal principles in ar- guments : that judges listened to him with the profoundest respect, and never failed to award him their greatest admiration, even if they did not agree with him. He was born in 1818, in Morristown, New Jersey. He was the son of Dr. Wil- liam A. Whelpley, a practicing physician in that place, of high repute; his mother CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY was a daughter of John Dodd, of Bloom- field, who was an uncle of \'ice-Oiancel!or Amzi Dodd. He was prepared for college in Morristown. and was graduated from Princeton College, in 1834, at the age of sixteen. After teaching school for two years, he took up law studies under the pre- ceptorship of his uncle, the elder Amzi Dodd, and afterward under Amzi Arm- strong. He was licensed as an attorney in 1839, the year in which he attained his majority, and as counsellor three years later. He practiced in Newark for a year or two, and then went into the office of Jacob W. Miller. The latter had been sent to the United States Senate, and Mr. Whelpley entered into a good deal of his practice, and soon made for himself a place at the bar, among lawyers of great ability. Earnestly devoted to the work of his pro- fession, he gave the whole force of his in- tellect and will to the preparation and ar- gimient of his cases ; was eminently suc- cessful in jury trials, and was a trusted ad- viser and wise counselor in legal and bus- iness afifairs. Mr. Whelpley made excellent use of his ability as an orator at political meetings, and took an active part in the political con- tests that characterized the stirring cam- paigns of a day when questions of concern were little discussed by the press, but main- ly by recognized leaders in their political party. In 1847 ^^ was elected to the As- sembly, serving in the sessions of 1848 and 1849, 3nd as Speaker of the House in his second year. In 1858, at the age of forty years, he was appointed an Associate Jus- tice of the Supreme Court, and less than three years afterward he was advanced to the chair of Chief Justice. His promo- tion was generally approved, and it was hoped that he would stand at the head of the court for many years. He was appar- ently a strong man, in vigorous health ; but after a little more than two years he was stricken with an insidious disease, and died in 1864, at the early age of forty-six years. His brief period of service came between the long terms of two great chief justices, and he maintained the high standard set by Henry W. Green and carried on by Mer- cer Beasley. His associates were jurists of the highest ability, — on his appointment as puisne judge in 1858 were Chief Justice Henry W. Green, Elias B. D. Ogden, Luci- us Q. C. Elmer, Stacy G. Potts, Danie! Haines and Peter Vrendenburgh ; and as Chief Justice, his associates were William S. Clawson, John Van Dyke and George H. Brown. His services as Chief Justice were during the greater part of the Civil War period, and certain of his decisions were of great import, as bearing upon the taxation of United States bonds, and State bonds expressly exempted from taxation. Justice Whelpley married Eliza Wood- ruff, daughter of Dr. Absalom Woo<:iruff, of Mendham. They left four children : Edward, who died unmarried : and three daughters : Sarah, wife of William Whelp- ley Thomas ; Edwina, wife of Rev. Sanford Smith; and Joanna, wife of Eugene Terry Gardiner. There is a portrait of Justice Whelpley in the Supreme Court room in Trenton. STODDARD, Rev. Elijah W., Early Educator, Distinguished Divine. While there is no doubt that the world is struggling upward, there are not many who reach the heights attained by the late Rev. Elijah Woodward Stoddard. D. D., of Succasunna, New Jersey. He was a man great and able, true and kind, and his life was as white as the sunlight. The soul of honor himself, he could not endure duplic- ity and equivocation. For ignorance, weakness, and even waywardness, he had compassion and tenderness ; but bigotry, narrowness, and insincerity awaken- ed in him an honest loathing. His style was chaste, vigorous and incisive; he train- ed his congregation like a master, and gave to the people a solid and invigorating phil- 59 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY osophy of life which developed in them a deeper intelligence and a more robust faith. No just appeal to his humane spirit ever failed of a quick and generous response. Those who were associated with him and came to know the full worth of his nature speak of him in words of the highest praise. The family from which he was descend- ed was an ancient and honorable one, and a few words regarding his forbears appear appropriate at this point. The name Stoddard is derived from the office of standard bearer, and was ancient- ly written De-la-Standard. The coat of arms of the Stoddard family of London is : Sable three estoiles and a bordure gules. Crest : Out of a ducal coronet a demi horse salient, ermine. Motto : Fcstina Lente. In the office of Heraldry, England, the follow- ing origin of the Stoddard family is found : William Stoddard, knight, came from Nor- mandy to England in 1066 with William the Conqueror, who was his cousin. Of his descendants there is record of Rukard Stoddard, of Nottingham, Kent, near El- tham, about seven miles from London Itridge, where was located the family es- tate of about four hundred acres which was in the possession of the family in 1490, how much before that date is not known, and continued until the death of Nicholas Stoddard, a bachelor, in 1765. The line is as follows : Thomas Stoddard of Royston ; John Stoddard of Grindon ; William Stod- dard of Royston ; John Stoddard of Roy- ston ; Anthony Stoddard of London ; Gid- eon Stoddard of London ; Anthony Stod- dard of London ; William Stoddard of London. Anthony Stoddard, son of William Stoddard of London, was the immigrant of Rev. Elijah Woodward Stoddard. D.D., and came to Boston, Massachusetts Bay Colony, about 1639. His death occurred March 16, 1686-87. He was admitted a freeman in 1640: was deputy to the Gen- eral Court in 1650-59-60, and during twenty successive years from 1665 to 1684. He married (first) Mary Downing, daugh- ter of Hon. Emanuel and Lucy Downing, and sister of Sir George, afterward Lord George Downing. He married (second) Barbara, widow of Captain Joseph Weld, of Roxbury. He married (third) Christian . Rev. Solomon Stoddard, son of .\nthony and Mary (Downing) Stoddard, was born October 4, 1643, ^nd died February 11, 1729. He was graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1662, was later elect- ed fellow of the house, and was the first librarian of the college, being the incum- bent of this office from 1667 to 1674. His health having become impaired about thii time, he accompanied the governor of Mas- sachusetts to the Barbadoes as chaplain, and for almost two years preached there to the Dissenters. He received a call from the church at Northampton in 1669, and settled there as minister, September 11. 1672. Jonathan Edwards, his grandson, was elected his colleague in 1726. Rev. Stoddard was the author of many books on religious subjects, and many of his ser- mons were published. He married, Esther (Warham) Mather, widow of Rev. Eleazer Mather, his predecessor at North- ampton. Among his children was a daugh- er, Esther, who married Rev. Timothy Ed- wards, and became the mother of the Rev. Jonathan Edwards, mentioned above. Rev. Anthony Stoddard, son of Rev. Solomon and Esther (Warham) (Math- er) Stoddard, was born August 9, 1678, and was graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1697. He settled as a min- ister at Woodbury. Connecticut, where he was in active service for a period of sixty years. His death occurred September 6, 1760. He married (first) Prudence Wells; (second) Mary Sherman. Eliakim Stoddard, son of Rev. Anthony and Prudence (Wells) Stoddard, was born April 3. 1705. and died in 1750. He lived in Woodbury, Connecticut. He married Joanna Curtis. 60 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEV John Stoddard, son of Eliakim and Jo- anna (Curtis) Stoddard, was born January 2b, 1730, and died January 22, 1795. He was a resident of Watertown, Connecticut, and married Mary Atwood, who died in Charleston, Montgomery county, New York. John Stoddard, son of John and Mary (Atwood) Stoddard, was born in Water- town, Connecticut, July i, 1763, where he married Sarah Woodward in 1785. They removed to Coventry, Chenango county. New York, in 1802, when that section of the country was primeval forest. Rev. Elijah Woodward Stoddard, second son of John and Sarah (Woodward) Stod- dard, was born in Coventry, Chenango coun- ty, New York, April 23, 1820, and died Oc- tober 29, 191 3. During all his boyhood days, and until he attained his majority, a part of his daily toil was the labor attend- ant upon clearing a forest farm and assist- ing in its cultivation. The schoolhouses of those days were of the most primitive kind, being constructed of logs, and the furni- ture was of such a kind as could be manu- factured at the least expense. The school benches were thick planks of pine wood, with a strong supporting pin of oak at either end. A smooth board fastened against the wall served the purpose of a writing desk, and the user of this was obliged to turn his back to the school while writing. Individual recitation was the rule, and class recitation the exception. A black- board was an unknown quantity, and for the older pupils there were only sessions for three or four months during the winter, when outdoor farm work had to be suspend- ed. The very young children were taught during the summer months by a woman teacher, as even the half-grown children were necessary to accomplish the work of the summer months on the farm. As books were .scarce and very expensive, the suc- cess which Mr. Stoddard achieved argues a natural aptitude for study not often met with. Every moment that could be spent from his incessant and arduous labors was devoted to the acquisition of knowledge and, while he devoured every book in the neighborhood which he could borrow or acquire for his own, it is a self-evident fact that, at that period, his chief means of study was the Bible. Owing to this he was but twelve years of age when he became a church member. Six years later he had acquired a suffi- cient amount of learning to enable him to pass an examination which permitted him to become a school teacher. While there were many hardships to be contended with in this calling at that time, it was one of the privileges of this estate to be permitted to "board around," a custom now fallen into disuse, but which united teacher, pu- pils and their parents in bonds of closest fellowship. Five winters were spent profit- ably in this occupation, anci during the sum- mers of these years he assisted on the homestead farm as he had previously done. By this time he had fully decided to enter the ministry, and he prepared for college at Norwich and Oxford Academies. Ma- tricufating at Amherst College in Septem- ber, 1845, he was graduated from this in- stitution in June, 1849, and then became a student at the Union Theological Semi- nary, from which he was graduated in May, 1852. He was delegated by the .American Home Missionary Society to Momence, Kankakee county, Illinois, but the climate there having impaired his health he was, after a short time, removed to Hawley, Pennsylvania, where he re- mained in charge three years. In Novem- ber, 1856, he answered a call from the Pres- byterian church at Amenia, Dutchess coun- ty. New York: in May, i860, he went to the F^resbyterian church in Angelica, New- York: and May i, 1864, responded to a call from the Presbyterian church at Sue- casunna. New Jersey, where he remained until his death. During his ministry hun- dreds were added to the church member- ship ; he performed four hundred and 61 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY eighty-eight marriages ; and officiated at eight hundred and ninety-seven funerals. His sermons were both eloquent and force- ful, compelling his hearers to ponder and think on the Life Eternal and to lead lives of piety and usefulness, he himself setting an example well worthy of emulation. In September, 1880, Maryville College, of East Tennessee, conferred upon him thf unexpected degree of Doctor of Divinity, while those who knew him best felt that it was an honor given where honor was due. Rev. Dr. Stoddard was also an enthusi- astic Christian Endeavor worker, attend- ing the national and international Christian Endeavor Conventions, bringing from them inspiration to the societies at home. He stood on the platform at Atlantic City, New Jersey, with Fanny Crosby, who claimed him to be her "twin brother," as there was but one month's difference in their ages. Dr. Stoddard was made a life member by the Morris County Christian Endeavor Union. His later years were a remarkable demonstration of Longfellow's maxim that ".\ge has its opportunities, no less than youth." In all the walks of life he exhib- ted characteristics which compelled respect and won admiration. He was an example of a man whose life was his creed. No taint ever touched his stewardship. His manhood and lofty character won and mag- netized all true hearts. His life was beau- tiful and complete in its symmetry, and was a benediction and benefaction. Every act of his daily life was made to accord with the highest standards, and never fell short of the highest ideals of Christianity. His work, viewed from different angles, was a noble and inspiring achievement. As a Sunday school teacher and organizer he had but few peers. In all his commerce with the world the predominance of his ecclesi- astical character was manifest. The preacher, the useful minister, was the pic- ture which he kept constantly be- fore his eye. He never forgot the ermine which he wore, "Behold an Israelite in whom is no guile." He was a humanized interpretation of the Golden Rule, an incarnation of the Sermon on the Mount. Charity for eveiy human weakness was the dominating element in his character, and mercy the controlling force in every judgment. Among all his quali- ties none was more engaging than his posi- tive genius for making friends. Rev. Dr. Stoddard married (first) July 16, 1852, Eliza West Concklin, born in New York City, April 26, 1829, died in Succasunna, New Jersey, October 23, 1874, a daughter of Jonas W. and Eliza (West) Concklin They had one son : George Henry, born in Hawley, Wayne county, Pennsylvania, June 7, 1853, died July 30, of the same year. The mother and son were buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Nyack, New York, in the family plot of Jonas W. Concklin. He married (second) November 28, 1877, Mrs. Eliza A. (Piatt) Stoddard, born in New York City, June 15, 1838. She is a daughter of George W. and Eliza Piatt, and widow of Professor John F. Stoddard, the mathematician. By her first marriage she had a daughter, Eliza Piatt Stoddard, born July 21, 1869, died May 19, 1886, who was a member of the household at Succa- sunna parsonage for eight years. Hers was a bright, intellectual and beautiful Christian character. The Memorial Chap- el standing near the PresbNlerian Oiurch, erected by Mrs. Stoddard in 1887, is her most fitting monument. So long as this chapel can do service in the worship of God. it will emphasize her words : "You need Christ and Christ needs you to work for him." "I want to do real work for Christ." The work of Dr. Stoddard lives invisi- ble but mighty in the souls of those whom he influenced, and "although dead he yet speaketh." It is pleasant to reflect that in his later years he was surrounded with all that should accompany old age — honor, love, troops of friends — and that he wore the crown of all men's good will around his 62 (j-ty—t:x>c^<^r CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY brow, and we are confident that he shall hear the words of the Master : "Well done, good and faithful servant, enter thou into the joy of thy Lord." GOODWIN, Rev. Hannibal, Clergyman, Man of Inventive Genins. The Church, from the earliest times, has wielded a power superior to that of the State, for the reason that the spiritual per- vades and moulds and, sooner or later, dominates the temporal. That the influ- ence of the Church has steadily increased in recent years is questioned by few thoughtful and penetrating observers. While, perhaps, less obviously and institu- tionally exerted, it is for that very reason more pervasive and powerful. Especially is this the case when the Church's leaders are men of broad minds and liberal senti- ments, quick to discern "the signs of the times," men of the type so forcibly repre- sented by the late Rev. Hannibal Goodwin, of Newark, New Jersey. His earlier years were passed in the country, and he never lost his love for the simplicity of rural life. Rev. Hannibal Goodwin was born April 21, 1822, on a farm at what was then called Goodwin's Point, now Taughannock Falls, Cayuga Lake, New York, and at a suitable age began his attendance at the district school in that vicinity. He was a leader among his schoolmates, in mischief as well as in the more serious business of school life, and was in trouble on more than one occasion by reason of the boyish pranks which he instigated. His mischief, how- ever, was never of the kind to work seri- ous harm to any one, and he was very gen- erally beloved, even in those early dayf. Later he became a student at Union Col- lege. Schenectady, New York, from which he was graduated, and then entered Yale College in order to pursue legal studies. Feeling himself better fitted for religious work, he turned his efiforts in that direction, and entered the Union Theological Semi- nary, New York, to prepare himself for the duties of a minister of the Method'st Church. Having paid a visit to Old Trinity Church, he was so deeply impressed with the beauty of the Episcopal service that he matriculated at the General Theological Seminary, and there prepared himself to serve as a minister of that denomination. He graduated in the class of 185 1, and in 1852 he married Miss Rebecca Allen, eldest daughter of Joseph Allen of New York City. Immediately after his marriage he accepted a call to Christ Church, Borden- town, where he remained three years. In 1855 he became rector of St. Paul's Quirch, Newark, New Jersey, where he officiated about five years. His next field of usefulness was Trenton, and while min- istering there he developed a bronchial trouble which threatened to become of so serious a nature that it was deemed advis- able that he be removed to a more suitable climate, for a time at least. Going to Cali- fornia in December, 1859, he was sent to Napa Valley by Bishop Kip, and there or- ganized the first Episcopal church in that section. Marysville was his next home, and there the climate, which was much drier and warmer, was of great benefit to him. He spent about three years there, during this time taking charge of St. John's Church. Yielding to the solicitation of Bis- hop Kip, Rev. Goodwin then went to San Francisco, where he organized a church school for girls, in connection with Grace Cathedral, and later was in charge of this cathedral for a number of years while the Bishop was absent. The rectorship of the House of Prayer, in Newark, was next of- fered him, in 1867, and he discharged the duties of this office for a period of twenty years. Even in boyhood. Rev. Goodwin had been noted for the keeness of his inventive faculties, and in later life this bent was more fully developed. Had he not chosen the ministry as his calling, and devoted all his attention to inventions, in all probabil 63 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ity he would now be classed in the same plane as Edison, Marconi, and others of like caliber. As it is, the invention which brought his name prominently before the public was the Kodak film, an invention which has made possible many wonders in the photographic world. .A better discrip- tion of it cannot be given than in extracts from an interview with a representative of "The Newark Sunday Call." Rev. Good- win said in part : "Yes, my invention — but I don't like to be call- ed an inventor. A priest of the church is my title, and of that I am proud, and I am glad to state that at the very time I happened to make this invention, I was exercising a certain feature of ray ministerial profession. It was in this wise : Prior to the time I invented the kodak film I had often preached, and had written not a little upon the religious education of the young. The importance of impressing the minds of the young by means of pictorial or stereopticon illustra- tions of Scriptural events and scenes had often occurred to me. I had imparted these views to Jabez Hayes, a layman of Grace Church, and soon afterward I received a check of one hun- dred and fifty dollars to be invested in stereop- ticon apparatus. The ne.xt thing to be done was to secure a proper series of Biblical subjects, but these were not readily procurable, and I de- termined to make my own selections, and make the photographs on glass. During the course of my experiments at my own home, I became con- vinced of the necessity of having a substitute for glass, which should have the qualities of greater durability and less weight. My idea was to have a long strip of some transparent material, which could be wound on a spool, and would be light enough to be carried about by the traveling pho- tographer. Research convinced me that it was a longftlt and sorely needed article in the art of photography, and, utilizing the knowledge of chemistry I had acquired during my collegiate studies, I commenced a series of experiments, at first with collodion, then with other materials, until success crowned my efforts. Early in 1887 I applied for a patent, but as the subject matter was one which had never been presented in any form at the Patent Office prior to this time, there was a considerable and unnecessary delay. In the meantime, while my claim for a patent was pending, H. Reichenbach, a chemist in the em- ploy of the Eastman Company, applied for a patent on a film of a similar kind, and this was the cause of long investigation, my patent not being granted until September 13, 1898." Later the Goodwin Film and Camera Company was formed by Mrs. Goodwin, widow of Rev. Goodwin, and subsequently the Ansco Company, of Binghamton, bought up the Goodwin Film and Camera Company, and brought suit against the Eastman Company, in December, 1902, for infringement under the Goodwin patent. This gave rise to prolonged litigation, a settlement being finally reached in March, 1914, when the Eastman Company agreed to pay a substantial sum to the owners of the Goodwin film patents. Rev. Goodwin made a number of other important inventions. One is a photo- graphic screen and plate holder for process half-tone work, planned on entirely new principles. Many operators in the field of photo-engraving regard him as the father of the many line processes which have done so much for illustrating and the education of the masses. He is credited with having discovered the basic methods upon which the half-tone work is being done to-day, and with teaching young men who are now at the head of this industry in this country. He took no profit for himself from his im- portant discoveries, but freely gave his knowledge to young men who desired to go into business, and who have grown rich from the knowledge he instilled in them. Mr. Goodwin left a widow, and three adopted children, a son, Francis M. Good- win, and two daughters, Eleanor H. Good- win and Mrs. Mary Beckwith. His death left a void in the community which can scarcely be filled, so manifold were his ac- tivities and so great was his influence for good. No better estimate can be given of the love and veneration in which he wa.s held, than in the following e.xtract from the "Church Porch," of January, 1901 : Newark probably never numbered among its residents a clergyman with more friends than the Rev. Hannibal Goodwin. Though men dif- fered with Mr. Goodwin, they liked him, admir- 64 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ed his ability and esteemed him because of liis high personal character and his benevolent and friendly nature. A man of great stature and nii- posing presence, he looked to be a king among men. In the pulpit he was more than a preacher, he was a true orator. Early in his discourse he gripped the minds of his hearers, and he held their closet attention, while in simple language, that was marked by just enough rhetorical orna- ment, he forced home his argument or plea. He was a skillful dialectician and could defend the school of churchmanship in which he was a lead- er with great ability, and his kindly disposition kept him from wounding an adversary by the employment of cutting irony or severe invective. In short, in the pulpit and in social intercourse, he was rarely known to use an unkind word. One of his most beautiful sermons was upon St. Paul's ode to charity. He took up each passage in it — 'Charity sufifereth long and is kind, charity envieth not. charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up, is not easily provoked, beareth all things, etc." — ^and showed how each precept may be violated. He did this in a most effective and persuasive way, and what he then preached he practiced in Newark every day for more than thirty years. In short, his great patience, his humble yet dignified demeanor, his exceeding tenderness and courtesy, the careful watch which he set upon his lips, these conspicuous traits of Mr. Goodwin made him a living exemplific-.ition of the charity which St. Paul exalted. It is scarcely necessary to add that besides being a strong preacher he was also by nature an ideal pastor. Not only his fine presence and marked ability, but his faithfulness and broad sympathy seemed to mark him in his prime as a priest pre- eminently fit for the Episcopal office ; and he was named in connection with a vacant bishopric, but was set aside, being regarded as too extreme in his churchmanship to be advanced to a place of high influence. In recent years some men of the so-called Catholic school have been chosen to be bishops, but in the days when Mr. Goodwin was fighting the battles of that school, in the Episcopal Church, its champions could not hope for preferment. The following minute has been adopted by a committee of clergy present at the services in The House of Prayer on Thursday. The committee was appointed by the Bishop of the Diocese immediately after the services. In the death of the Rev. Hannibal Goodwin, a heroic figure and one long identified with the re- ligious life of the City of Newark, has been re- moved from the Church on earth. We recognize him as having been a zealous minister of the Word and Sacraments, a laborious workman of Christ, a most instructive and faithful parish priest, an eloquent preacher and a friend to the poor and outcast. In the various fields of labor in which he was engaged, he proved himself firm in maintaining the Catholic faith; and at a time when the principles of divine worship in the beauty of holiness were less understood and less m evidence than they are now, he was always a steadfast leader in the advanced movement. While for the last thirteen years he was rclievea from parochial cares, he did not forget the sac- red responsibilities of his sacred office, and his ministrations in different parishes where his ser- vices were required, kept him in touch with the active life of the church. He retained to the last the respect and affection of those among wnom it had been his duty to minister, and he was held in high esteem by the community at large. We de- sire on behalf of the clergy present at his burial, to bear our testimony to the high value of the life and services of our departed brother. VREELAND, Warren, Man of Many-sided Ability. The many and sterling qualities pos.sess- ed by the late Warren Weeland, of Nut- ley, New Jersey, can be more thoroughly understood when we trace the earlier his- tory of his family, for there we will find those virtues which distinguished the early pioneers and made many of the names noted in liistory. JVIicliael Jansen \'reelandt founded this family in America. He left Broeckhuy- sen, in North Brabant, in the ship "Rens- selaerwyck," October i, 1636, and settled at what is now Greenbush, opposite Al- bany, New York. There he was a "boer- eknecht," or farm servant, a kind of work lie soon abandoned for the more lucrative one of fur trading, in which it is said "he made his fortune in two years." The I )utch West India Company, however, claimed this trade as its sole prerogative, and Mr. Yreelandt removed to New Am- sterdam, prior to November 4, 1644, em- jjowering Arent Van Curler to settle his accounts and differences with Patroon Van Rensselaer. In 1646 he settled in Com- n-5 f'5 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY munipaw, on the bouwerie owned by Jan Evertsen Bout, and in 1647-49-50, he rep- resented Pavonia in the Council of Nine. and joined his associates in their crusade against Governor Peter Stuyvesant. It was at his house that the journal of Van der Donck was seized, and it is supposed that the seizure was on information furnished by himself. July 26, 1649. he was one of the signers of the application for the first municipal government in New Nether- land. He was also the inventor and inau- gurator of the excise license system in New Jersey, his plan and petition being present- ed and granted, June 15, 1654. On Sep- tember 15, 1655, the Indians massacred everyone in the Pavonia community except the family of Mr. Vreelandt, which was obliged to take refuge in New Am- sterdam ; and there, because he was "an old man with a heavy fam- ily," who had lost his all, he was allowed to open a taproom, November 22, 1655. In February, 1656, he was granted a lot in the city for the same reason, and February 21, 1657, he was appointed one of the measurers of lime and grain. April 13, 1657, he was enrolled as one of the lesser burghers. January 22, 1658. he ask- ed for permission to return to Communi- paw, and three years later he was living there on his own farm in competence. He was one of the first magistrates of the new- court at Bergen, and in December, 1662, he joined in the petition to the Governor for a minister of the Gospel, to whose sup- port he pledged twenty-five florins. His death occurred in 1663. He married Fitjo Hartmans, who died September 21. 1697. They had six sons and two daughters, and from these the Vreelands are descended. The old homestead of the Vreeland family bears the date 1702, and is still standing on the west bank of the Passaic river, a little to the north of the Avondale bridge, and is now known as the "Bend View House." On the maternal side the ancestry of 66 Warren Vreeland is no less worthy of men- tion. His great-grandfather, John Spear, located about two hundred yards north of the Belleville bridge, on the east side of the street, the house being still there, and serves as one of the old and valued land- marks of the section. He became the owner of much real estate, on a part of which the Dutch church and the residence of Mrs. Tucker (a great-granddaughter') are situated. From the old church steeple in Belleville, he shot a British refugee on the other side of the river, and the watch found in the dead man's pocket was giv- en him as a reward for his excellent marks- manship. Captain John Spear. Jr., was in charge of the guard house in Belleville, and rendered excellent service in this ca- ])acity. He participated in many engage- ments, notably the hard winter at Valley Forge. The sword which he carried throughout this war, his commission from Governor Livingston of New Jersey, his book of accounts, and the watch referred to above, are in the possession of his grand- daughter, Mrs. Tucker. One of the treas- ured possessions, which was especially val- ued by the late Warren Vreeland. was the pistol used by his grandfather, John Vree- land. during the Revolutionary War. Warren Vreeland was born in the old stone house on Chestnut street, Nutley, .\pril 15. 1822. and died April 20, IQOQ. The first twenty years of his life were spent under the same roof with his grandmother, and in this way he received much informa- tion regarding Revolutionary events which he could not otherwise have obtained. The house in which he was born, still stand- ing in an excellent state of preservation, is owned by his daughter, Laura — Mrs. W. J. Tuers, and is occupied as a club house by the Woman's Club. His education was acquired in the public school of Nutley. and he supplemented this by considerable reading, mainly on the subject of mechan- ics and inventions. He was broad minded and in his ideas was ahead of his day. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Long before the Hague Tribunal was thought of he advocated the settlement of International differences by arbitration rather than the sword. In early manhood he went west, settling on a farm in Wis- consin, which he cultivated for a period of seven years, and then decided that he was better fitted for mechanical work and re- turned to Nutley. There he had formerly worked in the woolen mills of the Dun- cans, and upon his return, meeting one of the Duncans on the street, he was imme- diately informed that his old place in the mills was open to him if he chose to oc- cupy it, so highly was his ability as a ma- chinist appreciated. Mr. Vreeland was the owner of a blacksmith's shop and wheel wright establishment in Nutley, which he conducted with a very satisfactory amount of success. He became the owner of a large quantity of real estate, which is now in the possession of his children. Mr. \'reeland was a man of many-sided ability. While he had never learned the trade, he was a capable carpenter, and could build a house as well as an expert in this line. In fact, he could turn his hand to almost any- thing in the mechanical line, and make a decided success of the undertaking. He ""is a man of action and influence in local politi- cal matters, and served many times as a member of the Commission of Appeals. At first a strong supporter of the Whig party, he later affiliated with the Greenbackers, and finally became a strong Prohibitionist. While he never was a regular or frequent church-goer, he was a man of deep and true religious convictions, and his entire life was one of good will to all. Mr. Vreeland married, March 17, 1847. Jane E. Lloyd, born July 10, 1819. died .\pril 12. 1907, a daughter of John W. Lloyd, of Morristown, New Jersey. In 1897 they celebrated their golden wedding anniversary, and both were living at the time of the sixtieth anniversary. Children : I. Virginia, married (first) William Mc- Farland, and had children : Eva, Harvey and Grace ; after his death she married (second) his brother, John McFarland. 2. Everett, who died in 1894. 3. Laura Mason, who married W. J. Tuers, of Paterson, New Jersey, and has one child : Russell. RUNYON. Theodore, I.awyer, Jnriat, Diplomat. When Joel Parker, the first of the Dem- ocratic Governors after the war, was called upon in 1873 to appoint a Chancellor of the State of New Jersey, he selected a Democrat who had been a loyal soldier and was a brilliant advocate at the bar, Theo- dore Runyon. He was not then known a? a learned lawyer, but he was a man of quiet intelligence, clear perceptions and strong sense of justice, accomplished, versatile with a wide knowledge of affairs and of men (Courts and Lawyers of New Jersey, Keasby). As Chancellor and Presiding Judge of the Court of Errors, he displayed wonder- ful powers and so fully proved his quali- fications for this position of great power and trust that the New Jeresy bar after fourteen years association with him urged u])on Governor Green the wisdom of again appointing him, stating in a petition that "He has in the whole administration of his office exhibited the intellect, learning, in- dustry, wisdom, spirit and temper which go to make up a great equity jufige." As Ambassador to Germany he gained favor with the German government, filling his high office with dignity and credit. Whether he be considered as lawyer, jur- ist, soldier, diplomat or citizen, his charac- ter shines forth with a brilliancy that for- ever insures him a permanent place in the New Jersey Hall of Fame. Theodore Runyon was born in Somer- ville. New Jersey, October 25, 1822, son of Abraham Runyon, and a descendant of the Huguenot, Vincent Rognion, one of the earliest settlers of Piscataway township, Middlesex county, New Jersey. He receiv- 67 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ed his preparatory education in the schools of Plainfield and New York; later entered Yale College where he was graduated in 1842. He and his friend, A. Q. Keasby, were among the founders of the famous College Society, Scroll and Keys, and on the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Society, both delivered eloquent ad dresses. After graduating Mr. Runyon began the study of law in Newark, under Asa Whitehead, continuing until the July term, 1846, when he was admitted to the bar and licensed an attorney. Three years later he was admitted a counselor. He be- gan practice in Newark at once rising rap- idly in public favor until 1853, when he was made city attorney and advanced to city counsel in 1856, holding the latter of- fice for eight years. He evinced the great- est interest in public aiTairs and developed a strong liking for military life. He join- ed the militia and in 1857 was appointed Brigadier General for Essex county. He was fond of his title, and was commonly known as (jeneral Runyon, even when he became Chancellor and Ambassador, and at the Court of Berlin wore the uniform of a major general of the United States Army. When the Civil War was inevitable, he en- listed and in 1861 was commissioned brig- adier-general of the First Brigade, New Jersey Volunteers, and assumed command on April 27th of that year. His regiment attained its full quoto on April 30th, and was one of the first to leave for the seat of war, reaching Washington on May 6th, nineteen days after the first man was mus- tered in. The regiment was engaged on the defences of Washington and one of these. Fort Runyon, was named for the General. The regiment served its full term of enlist- ment, three months, then returning. When General Runyon returned in August, 1861, before quitting the field he received the thanks of President Lincoln, personally tendered in the presence of the cabinet, for his services and those of the New Jersey Brigade. Complimentary resolutions were passed by the New Jersey Legislature, and on February 26, 1862, he was appointed in compliance with the recommendation of the House of Assembly, major-general by brevet. He at once began the practice of law in Newark and became very influential in po- litical affairs. He had been a presidential elector in i860. Was elected mayor of Newark in 1864 and was the candidate of his party for Governor of the State in 1865, only failing an election by two thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine votes, meeting defeat at the hands of Mar- cus L. Ward, the Republican candidate. He was appointed major-general of the New Jersey National Guard in 1869, holding that rank until his appointment as Chancellor, four years later. During all these years he was actively engaged in the practice of his profession and had gained a good repu- tation as a successful jury lawyer. A bright and ready speaker, persuasive and forceful, his manner pleasing and his logic convincing, he was one of the strong men of the Essex bar and recognized as one of the most capable and efficient lawyers of the decade following the Civil War. On April 29, 1873, Governor Joel Parker appointed him, with Abraham O. Zabriskie, Robert Gilchrist, Augustus W. Cutter, Mercer Beasley and other commissioners, to prepare amendments to the State constitution, and about the same time Governor Parker an- nouced the appointment of Theodore Run- yon to succeed Abraham O. Zabriskie as Chancellor of the State. At this time he was president of the Manufacturers' Bank of Newark, resigning that position on as- suming the new office. He took his seat at the May term, 1873, and for fourteen years thereafter most ably filled his high position and covered by his numerous opin- ions the whole province of equity, enriching and developing that most important branch of the jurisprudence of the State. His ex- tensive learning, remarkable facility of thought and expression, his sound judg- es iJ4Wo. ^Xl-'N-^V- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ment, instinctive sense of equity, indefat- igable industry, and as the years progressed, his long experience on the bench rendered him particularly qualified to fill the high position to which he was twice appointed. The whole bar was indignant and disap- pointed when he was not appointed the third time, voicing their displeasure in no uncertain manner. It was not only his great ability as a judge, nor his wise ex- ecutive qualities, but his sympathy, winning personality and charming manner made personal friends of all who came under his influence. To the younger men of the bar he was especially kind and helpful, giving them a sense of companionship and in help- ing them in obtaining justice for their cli- ents, thus stimulating and encouraging them to do their best. His decisions while Chancellor were numerous, exceedingly weighty and valuable, these discussions all being reported in connection with the im- [jortant cases thus decided and comprising an important addition to judicial precedent and literature. After retiring from the bench, the ex-Chancellor returned to pri- vate practice in Newark and became one of the busiest lawyers, his proved ability and the prestige of his high office bringing him clients of the highest class and cases of the greatest importance. In 1893 President Cleveland appointed him Minister to Germany, that post being soon afterwards raised in rank by Act of Congress to that of Ambassador. As a diplomat he gained additional renown, and with dignity and credit upheld the highest Ameri^-an traditions. While in Berlin his old college mate and lifetime friend, A. Q. Keasbey, died in Rome, Italy, the Am- bassador rendering the greatest assistance and almost tenderness to the daughters of his friend. He filled his e.xalted office with the greatest credit, until his sudden death at the German capital, January 27, 1896. There is no eulogy of General Runyon that can overestimate his greatness. He was tried under every circumstance and his career graces the annals of his native Stat« shining with brightest lustre when respon sibility was greatest and qualities of truc\ manhood demanded. He is best remember- ed as the gifted Chancellor but as Ambassa- dor he won a reputation as the equal of any representative of a foreign power at the German capitol, his deep learning in both law and literature, his mastery of several modern languages, his accomplished ora- tory and his brilliant writings making a deep impression upon the German Court and upon the foreign diplomats there ac- credited. Wesleyan University recognized his scholarly attainments by conferring the honorary degree of LL.D., August 15, 1869, Rutgers College conferred the same degree in 1875 ^nd Yale University in 1882. General Runyon married, in 1864, Clem- entina, daughter of William D. Bruen of Newark, who survives him. Children; Mary Clementine, married Harry C. Has- kins of New York ; Frederick T. ; Julie B. Leonard C. ; and Helen L. married E. A! vah Wilkinson. VAN HOUTEN, Anthony B., Prominent Boilder and Man of Affairs. Anthony B. Van Houten, for many years one of the most active business men of Pat- erson. New Jersey, was born September 8, 1833, at Oakland, Bergen county. New Jer- sey, son of Martin and Hester (Bartram) \'an Houten. He was a descendant of one of the oldest Dutch families of New Jer- sey, which was originally planted in Bergen county, and shortly afterward was active in the settlement of what is now Passaic. Among the early settlers of the ancient town of Bergen, which is now Jersey City, were three brothers, Helmigh, Cornelis and Tunis Roelofse, that is, sons of Roelof. One of these, Cornelis Roelofse, who took the surname Van Houten, indicating the locali- ty whence he came in Holland, was among the patentees of Acquackanonck, which em- braced the present city of Passaic, in 1684. 69 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY His descendants have continued to reside in that section down to the present day, and have ever proved themselves worthy and useful citizens. The farm on which An- thony B. Van Houten was born had been, loi many generations, in the family, and a part of it is still owned by his heirs. The original homestead is now a part of the Page summer home. Anthony B. Van Houten attended the local schools for a period of eight months only, and was chiefly self-educated. He was eight years old at the time of his fath- er's death, when the family included nine children, and he was early obliged to make his own way in the world. While still a boy he went to New York City, where he served an apprenticeship with a well-known builder named Christy, learning the trade of carpenter. At the age of twenty-one years he was working on and had charge of the construction of the building of the Pacific National Bank building in New York. He continued at his trade in that city until 1866, when he removed to Pater- son, New Jersey, and engaged in building construction with his brothers William H. twenty-one years of this association the H. and James Van Houten. During tht- brothers constructed many of the principal buildings of Paterson, among the first of which was that of the First National Bank. During his activities in this connection, Anthony B. Van Houten became known as the leading builder of the city. Among the numerous churches which he con- structed were the Church of the Redeemer and the Second Presbyterian Qiurch. Bap- tist Church and Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, and he also erected Washington Hall. About 1888, James Van Houten re- tired from the firm, and in 1892 .-Xnthony B. Van Houten purchased the interest of the other brother, and continued business under the name of A. B. Van Houten until 1900, when his son, Edmund Van Houten, was admitted, and the business was after- wards conducted under the style of A. B. Van Houten & Son. The headquarters of the concern has been located, since 1868, at 68-78 Paterson street, where a planing mill and lumber yard are maintained, and a general mill business carried on. Anthony B. Van Houten continued ac- tively in business until a very short time preceding his death, which oc- curred August 25, 1914. He was early in life a member of the Market Street Methodist Episcopal Church, and later united with the Grace Methodist Epis- copal Church, of which he was one of the founders and treasurer for twenty years, and near which he resided for some time. He again joined the Market Street Church, of which he was treasurer over twenty years and trustee twenty-six years. In his earlier years he was among the most active workers in the Sunday school. For forty- seven years his home was at No. 83 Ham- ilton avenue, Paterson, in the first building constructed by the brothers when they started in business in Paterson. For many years preceding his death his summers were spent in Oakland, where he had a country home, within half a mile of his birth place, and there he died in his eighty-first year. Mr. Van Houten was a patriot, ever in- terested in the welfare of his country, state and city, but did not devote much time to political matters, his only official service being in the capacity of judge of election. His time was very largely devoted to his home and church. In 1909, when seventy- five years of age, he made a trip to Europe, visiting many countries. He had previous- ly been an extensive traveler in his native land, spending considerable time at the Yel- lowstone Park, in California, Florida and Canada, and was thoroughly familiar with the interesting scenes of his home country. A great lover of nature, he ever maintained that the natural scenery in this country sur- passed in grandeur and beauty any to be found in Europe. A self-made man, he was ever interested in movements calculat- ed to build up and promote the welfare of TO CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW FERSEY the city of Paterson. Of genial, kindly dis- ])osition, he was respected by all, and was especially active in all religious works. He married (first) Sarah Davis, and they were the parents of two children : Hester and Martin. He married (second) Euphemia F. Stephens, a native of Westchester coun- ty. New York, daughter of Daniel and Jeanette (Odell) Stephens, of old West- chester county families. The parental hom'>- stead is now a part of Kensico Cemetery. Mrs. \'an Houten was ever the coadjutor of her husband in good works, ever active in the labors of the church, and in every charitable undertaking. After a life com- panionship of over fifty years, they were separated but a short time by death. She passed away March 3, 1915, surviving her husband less than seven months. They were the parents of three children: Ed- nnmcl. Jennie and Nellie. TALMAGE, Thomas DeWitt, Noted Divine and Lecturer. Rev. Thomas De Witt Talmage was born at Bound Brook, Somerset county, New Jersey, January 7, 1832. the youngest of twelve children — five girls and seven boye. His father. David T. Talmage, was a farm- er, whose predominant traits were geni- ality, firmness and decision of character. His mother was a woman of marked ami- ability, gentleness, and keen wit. In the son's character these traits appeared to be very nearly united. For more than a quar- ter of ,^ century the Talmage ancestry were members of the Reformed Dutch Giurch, in which David T. Talmage was a leading official. Thomas De Witt Talmage's preliminary studies were made in the grammar school at New Brunswick, New Jersey, under Pro- fessor Thompson. In his early life he showed the possession of acute powers of observation and a retentive memory. En- dowed with great bodily vigor, he was en- thusiastic in all that he undertook. His entrance into the church was imdoubtedly on account of the fact that two of his uncles, one brother-in-law, and three brothers had become ministers of the gospel. .\t the age of eighteen he joined the church, and the following year entered the University of the City of New York. Here he did not exhibit any great brilliancy, but displayed a talent in oratory and dramatic capacity which made him notable and attracted at- tention on exhibition days. It is said of him, also, that as a scholar in belles-lettres he was without a rival among all the stu- dents of his period in the university. He was graduated in May, 1853, the exercises being held in Niblo's Garden, New York City, and his oration aroused the audience to a high pitch of enthusiasm. Its subject was, "The Moral Effects of Sculpture and Ar- chitecture," and it was published in full in one of the New York daily papers, being the first literary article of Mr. Talmage's ever printed. At the close of his college studies De Wilt imagined himself interest- ed in the law, and became a student in a law office, where he remained for three years. He then conceived that he had made a mistake, and prepared himself for the ministry at the Reformed Dutch Quirch Theological Seminary in New Brunswick, New Jersey, and was ordained by the Reformed Dutch Classis of Bergen. Just after his ordination, the young min- ister received two calls — one from Pier- mont. New York, the other from Belleville, New Jersey. He accepted the latter, filled that charge for three years, and was then called to Syracuse, New York, where his talents for preaching frequently crowded the church, and began to be noted. About this time Mr. Talmage married Miss .•\very, of Brooklyn, by whom he had two children, a girl and a boy. .Afterward he became pastor of the Second Refoimed Dutch Church of Philadeljihia, where his sermons were first published, and gained almost immediate recognition and ])0]nilari- ty. Here Mr. Talmage had the misfortune 71 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY to lose his wife by a drowning accident on the Schuykill river. Two years later he married his second wife, Susan C. Whitte- more, of Brooklyn, by whom he had several children. Mr. Talmage remained in Philadelphia seven years, during which period he first entered upon the lecture platform, and laid the foundation for his future reputation At the end of this time he received calls from Chicago, from San Francisco, and from the Central Presbyterian Qiurch of Brooklyn. The latter church comprised only nineteen members, with a congrega- tion of about thirty-five. He was offered a salary of $7000, and accepted the call. He went to Brooklyn in March, 1869, and his congregation increased from the first Sun- day. After preaching for fifteen months in the old church, he induced the trustees to sell the property and erect a new edifice, to be known as the Brooklyn Tabernacle, of- fering to give up his salary until the new plan proved a success. Work upon the church was begim in 1870, and, while it was being erected, Mr. Talmage made a visit to Europe, staying chiefly in England, Scot- land, and Ireland. The tabernacle was com- pleted the same year, the ground site re- sembling a horseshoe, large enough to en- close within its sides half an acre of ground. On the morning of Sunday, December 22, 1872. the building was burned to the ground. Promjjt sympathy and general liberality, however, soon gave promise of a new church, and meanwhile Mr. Talmage preached to vast audiences in the Academy of Music. The cornerstone of the new tab- ernacle in Schermerhorn street was laid on Sunday. June 7, 1873. and it was formally opened in February of the follow- ing year. It contained seats for 4,650. but when the church was crowded, nearly 7.000 persons could be accommodated within its walls. Mr. Talmage had previously intro- duced the innovation of abolishing t!ie choir, and establishing congregational sing- ing, with a precentor leading, and the en- tire congregation joining in the hymns. In this new tabernacle Mr. Talmage's individ- uality most prominently manifested itself, his dramatic capacities and peculiar meth- ods of driving home the forcible words of his sermons, giving rather a theatrical char- acter to his preaching. Nevertheless, he succeeded in holding a large body of earn- est persons together, and interesting them m practical religion. Meanwhile the church was in debt to the amount of $72,000, and was obliged to call upon an individual known as the "great church debt raiser." With his assistance, Mr. Talmage putting his name down for S5.000. the congregation pledged themselves to raise $42,000, and the retnainder was soon after secured from private subscription. In October, 1878, the pastor's salary was raised from $7,000 to $12,000. In the autumn of 1889 the sec- ond tabernacle was destroyed by fire. It was just at the time when Dr. Talmage was about starting on a trip to Palestine and the East. At first he announced his de- termination of giving up his tour on ac- count of this misfortune. This, however, the trustees and the congregation would not listen to, and, as it became evident that the disaster would only be of a temporary char- acter. Dr. Talmage started at the time he originally designed, and went first to Lon- don, where he had a very flattering recep- tion, thence to Greece and to the Holy Land, becoming enthusiastic as he traversed the memorable places, and send- mg home brilliant descriptions of what he saw and the thoughts inspired. After his return home in 1890, while the new struc- ture was in process of erection, Dr. Tal- mage divided his time on Sundays between New York and Brooklyn, preaching in the Academies of Music of those two cities. The new tabernacle was completed in time for the Easter service. 1891. The University of New York conferred the degree of A.M. upon him in 1862, and he received that of D.D. from the L'niver- sity of Tennessee in 1884. Dr. Talmage 72 ''■/ftj'fiji -.J. Cjcjir/fV CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY published numerous lectures and addresses in the magazines, and was the author of "Crumbs Swept Up," (1870); "Sermons," (4 vols.. New York, 1872-75) ; "Abomin- ations of Modern Society." (New York, 1872; 2d ed., 1876) ; "Old Wells Dug Out,' (1874); "Sports That Kill," (New York, 1875) ; "Night Sides of City Life," ( 1878) ; "The Brooklyn Tabernacle ; a Collection of 104 Sermons," (1884), and "The Marriage Ring," (1886). Dr. Talmage also supple- mented his clerical duties by editing "The Christian at Work" (1873-76); "The Ad- vance" (Chicago, 1877-78), and "Frank Leslie's Sunday Magazine. SEWELL, William Joyce, civil War Veteran, Statesman. William Joyce Sewell was born at Castlc- bar, Ireland, December 6, 1835. Losing his parents at an early age, he came to America in 185 1 and obtained employment in New York City. Subsequently he made two voyages to Australia and China, before the mast, and upon his return he first set- tled in Chicago, Illinois, and later removed to Camden, New Jersey. At the beginning of the Civil War he entered the service as a captain in tlie Fifth New Jersey Infantry. He parti-^i- pated in nearly all the battles of the Army of the Potomac ; and in the desperate battle of Qiancellorsville, while leading a brilli- ant charge in command of the Second New Jersey Brigade, he captured eight stands of the enemy's colors, and recaptured the flag of a New York regiment. At the close of the war he was mustered out as brigadier- general, and by special act of Legislature was given the same rank in the National Guard of New Jersey. He was brevetted major-general by the President, and receiv- ed from Congress a medal of honor. After the war he became actively inter- ested in railroads, and was vice-president of the West New Jersey line and a director of the Pennsylvania road. In 1872 he was elected to the State Senate as a representa- tive from Camden county, and by reelec- tions served until 1881, being president of that body in 1876. 1879 and 1880. He se- cured the passage of the municipal railroad tax law, which added large revenues to the State. In 1881 he was chosen United States Senator, and served by re-election until his death. General Sewell was a mem- ber of the National Republican Conventions of 1876, 1880, 1888, 1892, and 1896. .At the time of his death he was president of the Camden & Philadelphia Ferry Co. ; a director in the American and Red Star lines of steamships, in the Camden Safe Deposit & Trust Co. ; in the Farmers & Mechanics National Bank of Woodbury, in the Sec- ond National Bank of Bridgeton, in the Chicago Junction railways, and in the L^nion Stockyards Companies ; a trustee of the New York Mutual Life Insurance Company; a member of the Union League Club of Philadelphia, of the Camden Re- publican Club, and of many charitable or- ganizations. He was twice married. His first wife died in 1861, and after the Civil War he was married to Helen L. Heyl. He died at Camden. New Jersey, December 27, 1901, survived by two sons and three daughters. CONDIT, Aaron Peck, Merchant, Man of Affairs. Aaron Peck Condit, late of Madison, New Jersey, was born December 17. 1839, at Orange, Esse.x county. New Jersey, son of Samuel and Phoebe (Peck) Condit, and a lineal descendant of John Cunditt (or Condit) who was first of record in this country in 1678. The family was in all probability of Norman descent, but the an- cestor came to this country from Wales. They were people of distinction in England, even at that early day, and in America the family is one of the largest, best known and most respected in the country. It has given tc the republic statesmen, judges, lawyers. 73 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY civines and business men of high standing in the communities where they have located. The main characteristics of these people are a sturdy independence, excellent judgment, sound common sense, downright integrity and adherence to truth and righteousness. These characteristics have descended from father to son and are as pronounced among those bearing the name to-day as they were among the earlier generations. Aaron Peck Condit was the sixth in lineal descent from John Cunditt, the immigrant ancestor, the line being as follows : Samuel Condit (5), born Alarch 22. 1798, died October 22, 1864, and Phoebe Peck, his wife, daughter of James Peck. Samuel Condit (4), born August 16, 1761, died August 31, 1822, and Hannah Harrison, his wife, daughter of Ichabod Harrison. Daniel Condit (3), born December 27, 1723, died November 11, 1785, and Ruth, daugh- ter of Gershom Williams. Samuel Condit (2), born December 6, 1696. died July 18, 1777, and Mary Dodd, born November S, 1698, died May 25, 1755. Peter Condit (1) died in 1714, and Mary, daughter of .Samuel Harrison. Peter Condit (i) or Cunditt was a son of the original John Cun- ditt. Two of these ancestors were patriot soldiers in the Revolution. Until he was fifteen years of age Mr. Condit attended the public schools of East Orange, afterward continuing his studies under the tuition of Rev. David H. Pierson, a distinguished teacher who for many years conducted a seminary at Elizabeth, New Jer- sey. Mrs. Pierson was a cousin of Mr. Condit. For four years after leaving school he remained with his father on the farm, but a business life appealed to him and he went to Fremont, Ohio, and entered into partnership with his brother, Samuel D. Condit. carrying on a dry goods business under the firm name of Condit Brothers. Later, William W. Brant, of Belleville, New Jersey, was admitted to the firm and shortlv after this Mr. Condit returned to New Jersey on account of ill health, re- taining his connection with the store, how- ever, as resident buyer, his brother having" retired from the business. Mr. Condit was also interested in a dry goods business at Mansfield, Ohio, under the name of A. P. Condit & Company, this store being in charge of Captain A. H. Condit, formerly of Morristown, New Jersey. In 1875 he retired from the dry goods trade and until his death, February 11, 1912, was a dealer and broker in real estate, in which he was rewarded with rare success. Mr. Condit was connected with the Re- publican party from its organization. For eight years he was a member of the Com- mon Council of the borough of Florham Park, which was a part of Chatham town- ship, Morris county, and was also on the Republican Committee of that borough. In 1881 he transferred his membership to the First Presbyterian Church of IMadison, where he became a faithful attendant. For seven- teen years he was a member of the board of trustees and part of that time acted as presi- dent of that body. He was made a Master Mason in Brainard Lodge, No. 336, Fre- mont, Ohio, and became a Royal Arch Ma- son in Fremont Chapter, No. 64, of Fre- inont; he was made a Knight Templar iii Toledo Commandery. No. 7, of Toledo, Ohio. Mr. Condit also held membership in the New Jersey Historical Society, and the Sons of the American Revolution of New Jersey. On December 17. 1861, at Hanover. Mor- ris county, New Jersey, Mr. Condit was married to Sarah Antoinette Ward, born September 2, 1839, daughter of Joseph C. and Eliza (Camp) Ward, who survives him with the following children : Grace, born October 14, 1862, married Chester C. Brown ; Henrietta W., born October 15, 1864; Charles B., born December 21, 1865 : two others, Rowland, born in 1868, and Mortimer B.. born in 1870, died in infancy. 74 THOXFAS N. McCARTF.R. SR. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY McCARTER, Thomas Nesbitt, Frominent I/airyer and Jnrist. Thomas Nesbitt McCarter was for a per- iod of more than a half century one of the most distinguished members of the legal profession in New Jersey, and filled with distinction many highly responsible and im- portant offices both by election by the peo- ple and by choice of corporations and offi- cials. In his college days he became noted for his brilliancy in debate, and this gift of oratory brouglit him remarkable success in after years. Mr. McCarter's lineage was of the best. His earliest known ancestor, Robert Mc- Carter, resided in County Donegal, Ireland, and his son John came to Philadelphia in 1774, and at once found a prominent place in the budding republic. Governor Bloomfield appointed him surrogate of Mor- ris county, and later a Master in Chancery ; subsequently he became clerk of Morris county, a position he held until his death in 1807. This John McCarter was not only noted for his honesty and business ability, but also for his intellect, as his literary ability had been displayed in frequent con- tributions to the press both in Ireland and America. Robert Harris McCarter, son of John McCarter, was born March 16, 1793, and died March 8, 185 1. He was appointed as- sistant to the county clerk, and began the study of law so that he was able to receive appointment to that position when not quite twenty-one years of age. Later he became judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and a justice of the peace, presiding for a long time in Sussex county, and also serving in the Court of General Quarter Sessions. Af- ter acting as Supreme Court Commissioner, in 1840 he was made deputy sheriff. Gov- ernor Haines appointed him a member of ihe Court of Errors and Appeals. He was a Democrat, and was a delegate to many State, congressional and county conven- tions of his party, and was a presidential elector on the Jackson ticket in 1828. He had also a large commercial business, and was a director of the Morris Turnpike Company. This remarkable instance of con- tinued success was repeated in the ne.xt generation. With such an inheritance of the ciualitics which make assured the accomplishment of legal work — force of character, scholarly instincts, unusual mental capacity, oratorical gifts and keenness of wit, the profession of his son, Thomas Nesbitt McCarter, was de- termined beforehand. He was born Janu- ary 31, 1824, in Morristown, New Jersey, and died in Newark, January 11, 1901. After attending the Newton Academy he was prepared for college by the Rev. Clark- son Dunn, and entered the junior class of Princeton at the age of sixteen. Here he was a prominent member of the debating society known as the Whig Society, and at the same time took high rank as a student. In September, 1842, he was graduated with honors, was one of the commencement ora- tors, and five years later received the de- gree of Master of Arts. His study of law began in the office of Martin Ryerson, at Newton, New Jersey, and his admission to the bar was in October, 1845, as attorney, and in the following January as a coun.sellor. From 1845 to 1853 'ic was a partner of his distinguished preceptor, and until the re- moval of the latter to Trenton, when Mr. McCarter continued practicing independent- ly in Newton. Here his industry, integrity and peculiar fitness rapidly made for him a large practice. The smallest problem of litigation was carefully studied, and he gave closest attention to the minutest detail of every case. He was made collector of Sussex county in 1854, and was continued in that office for three years. In 1862. by a fortunate union of two political parties, he was sent to the Assembly, and in that body was chairman of the committee on ways and means, prepared a new tax law, and was in all respects an active and influential legislator. 75 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY In i860, Governor Olden, recognizing Mr. McCarter"s abilities, tendered him a seat on the bench of the Supreme Court, and in 1 866 the offer was renewed by Governor Ward. On both occasions he declined the honor, preferring to continue in his practice. In 1865 he removed to Newark, and met with continued success. In 1868 he enter- ed into partnership with Oscar Keen, which connection continued until 1882. He after- ward became senior member of the firm of McCarter. Williamson & McCarter, in which the junior partners were his sons Robert H. and Thomas X.. and his son-in- law, Edwin B. Williamson. The leading member of the firm possessed such a high reputation in both Sussex and Essex coun- ties that this soon became known as one of the strongest law firms in the State. dealing particularly with corporation law. Mr. McCarter had a commanding presence, dignified, and the personification of nobility and justice. His arguments were conducted with sound and convincing logic. His deep learning, both with regard to jurisprudence and literature, his grasp of difficult legal questions, and his wit and repartee, were almost unec]ualled in any of the courts of the State. Before the outbreak of the Civil War, Mr. McCarter was nominated as a presi- dential elector on the Douglas ticket. The following year he 1 enounced the party, whose sentiments as to the war he did not approve, and in 1864 he advocated the elec- tion of Lincoln. Since that stormy period, his sympathies and support were entirely g^ven to the Republicans, and he was a pres- idential elector on the Hayes and Wheeler ticket in 1876. Governor Bedle appointed him one of the commissioners to determine the boundary between New York and Ne.v Jersey, other members being Professor Cook, of Rutgers College, and Hon. .Abram Browning, of Camden. He became a di- rector of and counsel for the Sussex Rail- road Company, while living in Newton, and for several years held similar relations with the Morris Canal and Banking Company, and he was also a director of the Sussex bank. Various corporations were glad to entrust their legal business to him, among them the Lehigh \'alley Railroad Company ; the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Rail- road Company, the Morris & Essex Rail- road Company, the New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company, the East Jer- sey Water Company, the New Jersey Zinc and Iron Company. He was also a director of the Peoples' Mutual Insurance Company of Newark, and the Easton & Amboy Rail- road Company. He was a trustee of Evelyn College, and also of Princeton College for many years. He delivered the annual com- mencement address in 1868 before the Whig and Clio societies at Princeton, and in 1875 the institution conferred upon him the hon- orary degree of Doctor of Laws. He was also an incorporator of the Dickinson Law School at Carlisle, Pennsylvania ; fellow of the American Geographical Society; vice- president of the Scotch-Irish Society of America; and a member of the Washington Association of Morristown, New Jersey, and the Princeton Club of New York. He was an organizer and the only president of the old Citizens' Law and Order League of Newark. In religious connections he was a Presbyterian, and in his nature and life dis- played the purest Christian principles. He married Mary Louise, daughter of Uzal C. Haggerty, of Newton ; she died June 28. 1896, five years before her husband passed away. Of their six children, Robert Harris is a practicing lawyer ; L^zal H. is a financier, in Newark ; Thomas N. Jr., a lawyer, is president of the Public Ser\-ice Corporation. STRONG, Woodbridge, Member of Prominent Legal Family. Judge Woodbridge Strong traced his de- scent from several of the earliest settlers of the American colonies. Among the di- rect ancestors were: John Eliot, the 76 ■ ■^ '^•m 1 r, "^ ^ ■ K Rl^RC ^^^^^^1 ^i 1 Bi 1 ;i: sriKiNC CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY "Apostle to the Indians ;" Governors Dud- ley, of Massachusetts ; Leete, of Connecti- cut ; and Rrenton, of Rhode Island. Elder John Strong, the first of the name of Strong, came from England in 1630, and settled in Dorchester. Massachusetts. From him the descent is as follows : ( I I Thomas Strong married Rachel Holton ( second wife). (II) Justice Joseph Strong mar- ried Sarah Allen. (Ill) Captain Joseph Strong married Elizabeth Strong. (IV) Rev. Joseph Strong married Jane Gelston. (\^) Rev. Joseph Strong married Sophia ^Voodbridge. (VI) Professor Theodore Strong, son ot Rev. Joseph and Sophia (Woodbridge) Strong, was born in South Hadley, Massa- chusetts, July 26, 1790. He was graduated from Yale College in 1812 with the first prize in mathematics. He was professor of mathematics and natural philosophy at Hamilton College from 1816 until 1827, and at Rutgers College from 1827 until 1863, and was one of the most distinguish- ed mathematicians in the country. He died at New Brunswick, New Jersey, February I. 1869. He married, September 23, 181S, Lucy, who died November, 1875, daughter of Rev. John Dix, of Littleton, Massachu- setts. (VII) Woodbridge Strong, son of Professor Theodore and Lucy (Dix) Strong, was bom in Clinton, Oneida coun- ty, New York, February 21, 1827. He came to New Brunswick, New Jersey, with his parents, and has resided there since that time. He was christened Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge Strong, but dropped the first two names. He entered Rutgers College in 1847, then commenced the study of law with his brother-in-law. Hon. John Van Dyke, of New Brunswick, afterward a jus- tice of the Supreme Court. During the gold fever of 1849 he went to California and was one of the first to discover the gold in Oregon. Returning to New Jersey in 185 1 he resumed his studies and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1852. He was admitted as coimselor in November, 1872, and was judge of Middlesex County Court of Com- mon Pleas from 1874 to 1879, and again from 1896 to 1906. He married Harriet A., daughter of Hon. Jonathan Hartwell, of Littleton, Alassachu- setts, and a direct descendant of William Hartwell, who settled in Concord, Massa- chusetts, in 1636, and of Anthony Dix, who came to Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1623. Another of her ancestors was John Hart- well, who served as a minute-man and was a private in the company of Captain Brooks, in a Massachusetts regiment. Another an- cestor was Seth Walker, who served with distinction during the Revolutionary War as a captain of marines, and afterward rose to the rank of colonel in the militia. Among the children of Woodbridge and Harriet A. (Hartwell) Strong were two sons who em- braced the legal profession — Alan H., grad- uate of Rutgers College, solicitor of Penn- sylvania Railroad Company, etc. ; and Ed- ward W., of Cincinnati, Ohio, formerly counsel for the Baltimore & Ohio, and other railroad companies. BRUMLEY, Horace T., Financier, Model Citizen. In any compilation concerning the life histories of those who have lived in Morris county. New Jersey, there is signal pro- priety in recording a memoir to the late Horace T. Brumley, of Hanover township. Upon his record in the business world and as a man among men, there has never been cast the slightest shadow of wrong. His father, Joseph Brumley, was a farmer in Montville, Connecticut. Horace T. Brumley was bom in Mont- ville, New London county, Connecticut, and died in Hanover township, Morris county, New Jersey, April 23, 1910. He was edu- cated in the schools of New London, Con- necticut, and at the age of sixteen years ob- tained a clerkship in the Howard Savings Bank of Newark, New Jersey, with which n CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY institution his entire business career was identified most closely. He was advanced consecutively and steadily, until at the time of his death he had been for a number of years at the head of this institution as its president. Throughout his entire business career he was looked upon as a model of integrity and honor, never making an en- gagement or promise whose provisions he did not fulfill, and standing as an exempli- fication of what may be accomplished by determination and resolute force in a man of intrinsic ability and strength of char- acter — a character dominated by the highest principles. He was a director of the Na- tional Newark Bank Company, treasurer of the Fairmount Cemetery, vice-president of the Newark Provident Loan Association, and director in the American Insurance Company. Politically he was a Republician, and he was a member of the Masonic fra- ternity. Mr. Bnimley married, in 1878, Irene, born in Newark, daughter of Robert J. and Anna Dow Joralemon Baldwin, and they had children : Mary C, married Arthur Bates Paulmier, of Madison, and has chil- dren : Horace Bnunley and Arthur Bates Jr. : Joan D., married William O. Cooper, now of Maplewood; Helen, married War- ren H. Baldwin, of Boonton, and has twins : Edward Estle and Irene. DIXON, Jonathan, Prominent Lairyer and Jnrist. Jonathan Di.xon, who in the course of thirty-one years' service as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey attained wide and enviable distinction as a jurist of exceptional capacity and high honor, was a native of Liverpool, England, in which city he was born July 6, 1839. He was the son of Jonathan and Ann (Morrison) Dix- on. The father came to this country in 1848 and was followed by his family two years later, settling in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The family was of ancient Eng- lish lineage and honorable traditions, its descendants figuring conspicuously in vari- ous walks of life, both in this country and abroad. Jonathan Dixon received his education in Rutgers College, New Brunswick, New Jer- sey, entering that institution as a student in 1855, and graduating in 1859. The honor- ary degree of Doctor of Laws was confer- red on him in 1878 by Rutgers College, and he was made trustee of that college in 1886, serving as such for many years. Dur- ing his collegiate career he was an inmate of the home of Cornelius L. Hardenburg, a well-known lawyer, who. having been af- flicted by blindness, assumed the education of the lad, who in the meantime acted as his benefactor's amanuensis and personal at- tendant. On the completion of his collegiate course the young man took up the study of law, for which he had a natural taste and marked aptitude, serving as a student-at- law in various offices, and at the same time finding means of livelihood as a school teacher. Admitted as an attorney in 1862, he became a counsellor-at-law three years later. Immediately after his admission as an attorney he removed to Jersey City, New Jersey, where he entered the law office of E. E. \\'akeman, forming a copartnership with that gentleman in the .spring of 1864. This professional relationship continued for a year, at the end of which time Mr. Dixon established a practice of his own. For five years he followed his profession alone, ac- quiring a high and enviable reputation as V learned and careful practitioner in whose hands the interests of clients were well guarded and intelligently represented. He then formed a partnership with Gilbert Collins, who afterward became a Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, an honor that fell to Mr. Dixon in 1875, when he was appointed to that judicial position by Governor Beadle. He acquitted him- self of his new responsibilities with a dig- nity and strength that left nothing to be desired, and in 1882, when his term expired. 78 ^/ir>^.i^J^u:^i^^^ Jy^^ r^/^^ii^i'e^^^^^rL ~y CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY he was reappointed by Governor Ludlow. Again, in 1889, he was named by Governor Green for the place that he so well and honorably filled, and he was subsequently reappointed by Governor Griggs and Alur- phy in 1896 and 1903 respectively, being still on the bench when he died, his term not expiring until 1910. At the time of his death he filled the circuit comprising Hud- son county. As a jurist he possessed those qualities of mind and that keen intelligence which are essential to the duties of the posi- tion ; fair and impartial in his decisions, learned in his legal interpretations, and up- right as a man, he reflected honor upon the bench that he adorned. He was a Republi- can in his political convictions, and in 1883 was his party's nominee for Governor of the State, being defeated by Leon Abbet. Justice Dixon married Elizabeth M. Price, daughter of Henry M. Price, by whom he had one son, Warren Dixon, who inherited his father's legal talents to a marked de- gree and has attained prominence in the same profession, winning recognition and prestige as one of the leading members of the Hudson county bar. He was survived also by his widow and eight daughters — Mary M., wife of Millard F. Ross ; Jessie L., wife of Francis J. McCoy; Elsie, wife of Lewis E. Carr Jr. ; Bertha, wife of James Crowell ; Laura, Helen and Velma Dixon, and Elizabeth, wife of Robert C. Post, at whose home in Englewood, New Jersey, he died, May 21, 1906. VROOM, Judge Garret D. W., Distingnished Jurist, Lltteratenr. The late Judge Garret Dorset Wall \'room, of New Jersey, copied with dis- tinction the virtues and acquirements of his forbears, and proved himself worthy to bear a name already of such prominence. He was a great-grandson of George and Gar- retje (Dumont) Vroom ; a grandson of Colonel Peter D. Vroom, of Revolutionary fame, and his wife, Elsie (Bogart) Vroom. Colonel Vroom was one of the first to raise a company with which he joined the Con- tinental army, and he served throughout the war, rising to the rank of lieutenant- colonel. For a long time he served as a member of the New Jersey Assembly and Council, and died in 183 1. His son. Gov- ernor Peter Dumont Vroom, was born in Hillsborough township, New Jersey, De- cember 12, 1791, and died in Trenton, New Jersey. November 18, 1873. He is written of at length on another page of this work. He married (first) 1820, Anna, daughter of Peter B. Dumont; (second) Matilda M., daughter of General Garret D. Wall. Chil- dren : Peter Dumont, served with distinc- tion in the Civil War, and was retired as brigadier-general in 1903 ; and Judge Garret Dorset Wall Vroom, who was born December 17, 1843, '" Trenton, New Jersey, and died in the same city, at his home. No. 159 West State street, March 4, 1914. When he was about ten years of age, his father was appointed Minister to Prussia, and during the time the family lived in Berlin young Vroom attended the French Gymnasia there. Upon returning to Trenton he became a student at the Tren- ton Academy, and after a preparatory edu- cation there, entered Rutgers College, from which he was graduated in the class of 1862. He commenced the study of law in the office of his father, was admitted to the bar as an attorney in 1865, as a counsellor in 1868, and later became a special master in chan- cery. He established himself in the prac- tice of his profession in Trenton, and was identified with the interests of that city until his death. His ability was of so high an order that it immediately won him recog- nition. He was elected city solicitor in 1866, held the office until 1870, was re-elected in 1873, and served until 1876. Tn May. 1870, he was appointed Prosecutor of the Pleas of Mercer county, to succeed General C. K. Hall, deceased, held this office until Decem- ber, 1873, when he resigned in order to as- sume the duties of Law Reporter of the Su- 79 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY preme Court of New Jersey, his father hav- ing held the ofifice before him, and was an incumbent of this until his death. His work in the field of literature was in some directions of inestimable value. In as- sociation with John H. Stewart he prepared for publication "The Revision of the Stat- utes of New Jersey." This was done in 1877, under the direction of commissioners, and included, with the statutes revised, the entire body of the statute laws of the State. In 1887 a "Supplement" to the "Revision" was issued, in collaboration with Hon. Wil- liam L. Lanning. In 1894, both were au- thorized to prepare a new revision in three volumes, entitled "The General Statutes of New Jersey," and includes all laws up to January i, 1896. Many other publications were also issued under his supervision. Judge Vroom served as mayor of the city of Trenton from 188 1 to 1884, and when the city created a Board of Public Works he served as president of that body during its existence. In 1900 he was appointed to a seat on the Supreme Bench by Governor Voorhees, but this he declined. When Judge Hendrickson was advanced to a seat in the Supreme Court, a vacancy was caused in the Court of Errors and Appeals, and Governor Voorhees appointed Judge Vroom to fill this ofifice. He was appointed for a full term of six years, February 5, 1901, the nomination being confirmed by the Senate seven days later. In 1907 he was reappointed to this office by Governor Stokes, and continued in it until he resigned early in 1914. Wherever and whenever there was good and important work to be done, Judge Vroom was in de- mand. He was for years a member from New Jersey of the National Commission to Promote the Uniformity of Laws Through- out the Cnited States ; president of the Com- mission for the Revision of the Statutes for many years ; member of the Board of Par- dons ; member of the New Jersey Historical Society ; president and manager of the Tren- ton Savings Fund Society ; president of the board of the Trenton School of Industrial Arts; member of the Holland Society of New York ; American Bar Association, State Bar Association, Mercer County Bar Association ; president of the board of man- agers of the New Jersey State Hospital for the Insane; vice-president of the General Society of the Sons of the Revolution, was president for some years and was active in organizing the New Jersey branch ; an hon- orary member of the Society of the Cincin- nati, member of the Delta Phi fraternity, and of other organizations. He was the senior of the law firm of Vroom, Dickinson & Bodine. He was one of the foremost lawyers of the State, and while he was ac- tively identified with trial cases in the earli- er portion of his career, in later years he acted mainly as counsel in important cases. He was considered an authority in many di- rections, especially in precedent, corpora- tion and commercial law. Many men who later achieved prominence in the legal pro- fession studied under Judge Vroom, among them being Chancellor Edwin Robert Walk- er ; William S. Gummere, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ; Prosecutor Martin E. Devlin ; William M. Johnson, former State Senator and Assistant Postmaster General at Washington ; Wallace M. Scudder, editor of the "Newark Evening News" ; Nelson L. Petty, trust oflScer with the Trenton Trust and Safe Deposit Company; John M. Zis- gen, assemblyman, and solicitor of Bergen county ; Edward W. Maxwell, at one time assistant corporation counsel of New York City; Frederick W. Stelle, formerly assist- ant corporation counsel of New York City ; (iouverneur V. Packer; Counselor Francis P). Lee ; the late William R. Piper, who was assistant prosecutor ; Anthony S. Brennen ; and many others, equally noteworthy. Only a short time prior to his death. Judge \'room issued the fifty-fifth volume of his law reports. Judge \'room was interested in the devel- opment of the pottery industry in Trenton, and with the late A. M. Maddock was one of the pioneers in the establishment of the 80 /^^fi^^A^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY SchcK)l of Industrial Arts there. At his liome he had a fine collection of rare pottery and china. His collection of books made his library the finest private one in the city of Trenton, and probably in the east. It con- tained many volumes of rare merit, not alone for their literary contents, but as spec- imens of the bookbinder's art. Dickens was his especial favorite in the world of fiction, and Napoleonic literature also had an espe- cial fascination for him. One of his favorite forms of recreation was the extra-illustra- tion of books, and this held his attention al- most to his last hours. Another fine collec- tion was his valuable one of manuscript let- ters, including autographic letters of each signer of the Declaration of Independence, and of each President of the United States. He was regarded as an expert in handwrit- ing, his knowledge in this direction proving of great value in legal cases. A great lover of nature, he spent considerable time in the garden of his Trenton residence, overlook- ing the Delaware river, where his fine col- lection of roses attracted visitors from far and near. He was charitable to a degree, but his charities were bestowed in a quiet and unostentatious manner. Judge Vroom married, in June, 1871, a daughter of Philemon Dickinson, of Tren- ton, and great-granddaughter of General Philemon Dickinson, a member of the Con- tinental Congress of New Jersey, and ma- jor-general commanding the militia of New Jersey during the Revolutionary War. WRIGHT, Edwin R. V., liaveyer. Congressman. It is seldom that one with a great diversi- ty of gifts is capable of winning distinction in all. An exception is found in the late Ed- win R. V. Wright — soldier, journalist and legislator, — whose talents were usefully em- ployed in all these various callings. Edwin R. V. Wright was born January 2, 1812, in Hoboken, New Jersey, and re- ceived an academic education. After leav- ing school he took up the trade of printer, and in 1835, when he was twenty-three years old, he edited and published "The Jer- sey Blue." But Mr. Wright's attention was called to the law, and he engaged in the study of this profession and was admitted to the bar in 1839. He took an energetic part in the affairs of the community, and four years later was elected to the New Jer- sey State Senate, an office which he used to further his campaign in the cause of edu- cation. He was a strong advocate of the present system of New Jersey schools, which was then under consideration, and he brought the full strength of his influence to bear for its introduction. In 185 1 he was appointed District Attorney for Hudson county, and held this office for five years. Air. Wright, not content with his liter- ary, legal and legislative labors, a sufficient task, one would think, for most men, had entered the National Guard of New Jer- sey, in which service he rose until he became and was for several years major-general of militia, commanding the Second Division of the State Guard. During these active years in the service of his fellow citizens. General Wright's popularity had been stead- ilv on the increase, and in 1859 the Demo- cratic party chose him as their logical can- didate for Governor of the State. General Wright accepted the nomination and made a vigorous campaign, but was defeated by a small majority in the election by Charles S. Olden, his Republican opponent. He was elected to the United States House of Rep- resentatives in the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving during his term on the House com- mittee on ap])ropriations, and on the special committee appointed on the death of Pres- ident Lincoln. Mr. Wright's death occur- red in Jersey City, on January 19, 1876. WARD, Leslie Dodd, M. D., Prominent In Life Insurance Affairs. Leslie Dodd Ward, son of Moses Dodd and Justina Louisa (Sayre) Ward, was 81 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY born in Afton, Morris county, New Jer- sey, July I, 1845. He received his early education in the village school at home, and then, with the intention of afterwards going to Princeton University, entered the Newark Academy. In 1863, when General Robert E. Lee made his magnificent march into Pennsylvania which formed the climax of the Confederate success, and created such intense and widespread alarm through the northern States, the Governor of New Jer- sey, in answer to the appeal of the invaded State, called for volunteers to go to the aid of Pennsylvania. The answer to this call was eleven companies of seven hundred men and officers. One of the corporals of Company F of this regiment. Captain Wil- liam J. Roberts commanding, was Leslie D. Ward. In the fall of the same year, the campaign being ended, young Ward re- turned for the completion of his academic course. On his graduation in the following year he enlisted as one of the hundred-day men, being enrolled June 13, 1864, mustered in on the 23d of the same month, and being mustered out the ensuing October. Whether his thoughts had already been directed towards a medical career or not previously to his military service, it was his experience in the camp and field with the sick and wounded that finally determin- ed him to ado]}t the life of a physican. Conse(]uently, shortly after his return from the war, he entered the office of Dr. Fisher, of Morristown, where he prepared himself to enter the College of Physicians and Sur- geons in New York. From this institution he graduated in 1868. and immediately be- gan practicing in Newark, associating him- self with Dr. Lott Southard, of that city, with whom he continued to practice for two years, at the end of which time he opened an office for himself. By this time Dr. Ward had become well and favorably known, and his practice steadily increased not only among the rich and well-to-do, but also among the less wealthy and poorer classes of society. From his experiences 82 with these latter classes especially. Dr. Ward gained his large insight into the lives of people and became familiar with their most urgent needs and necessities. The allevia- tion of these wants and distresses, and the best means of aiding people in sickness and times of death, now became one of the cherished aims and great problems of his life, and he found their realization and solution in the idea of the Prudential In- surance Company of America, or, as it was at first known, the Prudential Friendly So- ciety. The object and methods of this company were at that time (1873) entirely new to the insurance world. It proposed to offer insurance to the industrial classes on healthy lives, both male and female, from one to seventy-five years of age. Policies are issued from ten dollars to five hundred dollars, and the premiums collected weekly at the homes of the insured. A special feature of the business and one in which Dr. Ward was particularly interested, is that all policies are payable at death or within twenty-four hours after satisfactory proofs of death are furnished to the com- pany, in order that the money may be im- mediately available for funeral expenses and those incurred for medical attendance. In ten years the success of the new method was phenomenal. It had issued nearly nine hundred thousand policies, paid fifteen thou- sand claims, amounting to over $875,000, and had accumulated a large amount of as- sets and a handsome surplus. The original- ly subscribed capital of the company, S30.- 000. had also been increased to $106,000, all paid up. In this work, Dr. Ward was one of the most active laborers, and the present president of the company, John F. Dryden, says that it is "largely in conse- quence of Dr. Ward's untiring efforts that a strong board of directors was secured and the necessary financial support obtained from men whose standing in the commercial world was second to none." From the outset, Dr. Ward was the medical director of the company and Mr. Dryden's associate CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY in putting it upon a firm foundation. In 1884 he was elected first vice-president, in place of Hon. Henry J. Yates, ex-mayor of Newark, who had been elected treasurer. As the company's medical director, Dr. Ward had from the beginning shown ex- ceptional skill and ability in managing the field operations of the company, and while still occupying his former position he de- voted himself as vice-president with much energy to the outside devel- opment of the company's interests. During late years Dr. Ward has been the executive manager of the com- pany's field force, and Hoffman's "His- tory of the Prudential" says that "it is not too much to say that much of the success which the company has achieved has been the result of his exceptional ability and devotion to the interests of the company and to the promotion of its welfare." In 1876 Dr. Ward became a member of the medical board of St. Michael's Hospital, the oldest institution of its kind in Newark, and for seven years he was its secretary. He was at this time also visiting surgeon of St. Barnabas Hospital. Before 1876 the duties now performed by the county phy- sician of Essex county had for the most part been done by coroners and magistrates ; but in 1877, by the appointment of Dr. Ward to the office of county physician, the present state of things was inaugurated. Dr. Ward's residence is 1058 Broad street, Newark, and his country home is "Brook- lake Park," Madison, New Jersey. He was a delegate from New Jersey to the Republican National Convention in Phil- adelphia, June, IQOO, and a member of the committee notifying Mr. McKinley of his nomination for his second term. He was also a member of the Chicago convention nominating and the committee notifying Mr. Roosevelt of his nomination for second term, and again delegate to Chicago in 1908. and one of the vice-presidents of the Republican national committee. His clubs are the l^nion League of New York, Essex of Newark, Essex County Country Club, Tuxedo Club of Tuxedo, Automobile Club of America, Whippany River Club of Mor- ristown, Morris County Country Golf Club, Morristown Club and the Flatbrook Valley Club. March 5, 1874, he married Minnie, daughter of James Perry, of Newark, and has had two children : Leslie Perry Ward, and Herbert E. Ward, married Nancy Currier. BEASLEY, Mercer, Jurist of Commajidiiig Ability. Of this eminent man, Mr. Cortlandt Park- er said; "He was always in fact, I think, Chief Justice. He recognized the duties of that position and filled them. He guarded sedulously pleading and practice. He was not disposed to technicality, but he was nevertheless mindful of its importance to exact justice, and justice in the particular case was his great end and aim. He had a natural and implacable sense of right, but there has never been a judge on our bench, perhaps, who was so cold and steel- like in his logic and who followed so un- swervingly where it led. In my own judg- ment, this was the point of danger with him. His decisions are models of perspicu- ity and terseness and they are always to the point." Mercer Beasley was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 181 5, and died February 19, 1897. His birth occurred while his father, the Rev. Frederick Beasley, was provost of the University of Pennsylvania. In 1830 his father received and accepted a call to be rector of St. Michael's Church, in Trenton, New Jersey. Mercer Beasley had been prepared for college by his father, and went to Princeton for a year or two and then continued his studies under him in Trenton until 1834. In that year he began to serve his clerkship in the office of Samuel L. Southard, who was then in the ITnitod States Senate and was engaged also in prac- tice in New Jersey. Chancellor Isaac IT. 83 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Williamson had then returned to the bar, and Mr. Beasley completed his studies in his office. Mr. Beasley received his license as attorney at the September term, 1838, and was admitted as counselor at the Febru- ary term, 1842. It is said that for ten years after this he did not give much of his time to the study or practice of the law except in the trial of cases in justices' courts, where, in fact, many sharp legal contests were carried on in those days. He was fond of shooting, and was an excellent marksman on tho wing, and never lost his skill nor his love for the sport. He was a capital billiard player, and greatly enjoyed the game. He enjoyed, too, the contests in the justices' courts, and they were no bad training school for an advocate, but it was not until about 1849 that Mr. Beasley showed much taste for books or inclination for the study of law, and then, having made up his mind to excel in his profession, he became an in- quiring and industrious student, looking thoroughly into the legal questions that came up in his practice, and devoting ill his energies to the work of a lawyer. He gathered books of his own and had the use of the State Library. He did not cultivate an oflfice practice, but saw his clients on the street, where they waited for him. He was occupied in the daytime with trials in the justices' courts and study in the library, spending the evenings in his office. His office in 1850 was on West State street, near Warren, and subsequently he built a house in East State street, where he lived for the remainder of his days, and his office adjoined his house. Mr. Beasley ran for mayor, and for the Assembly as a Whig, and was defeated. He served as city solicitor and president of the Common Council. On the death of Edward W. Whepley, Mr. Beasley was ap- pointed Chief Justice, March 8, 1864, was reappointed again and again, and held the office until his death. He was forty-nine years of age when he went upon the bench. and presided there until he was nearly eighty-three. The record of his judicial decisions is contained in twenty-nine vol- umes of the law reports and thirty-seven of the cases in equity. He was a man of commanding ability, and was easily chief among his equals in both the high courts. To use the words of Mr. Justice Collins, in the Supreme Court, on the day of his death: "Presiding over our highest legal tribunal with courtly dignity and matchless hkill, he added lustre to the bright record of his distinguished predecessors." In his administrations of the business of the Supreme Court he promoted prompt- ness and efficiency on the bench and at the bar, insisting upon the observance of the rules of practice, having always in mind the doing of justice in the particular case. He was courteous to counsel, and patient even with the dullest and the most exasper- ating, maintaining the dignity of the pro- ceedings and deference to the court. In hearing arguments he was quick to gjasp the essentials of the case, and by penetrat- ing questions brought counsel to the point to which the argimient should be directed. In presiding over trials on the Circuit and in the Oyer and Terminer, the Chief Justice was strong and patient, dignified and courte- ous. His charges to the jury were simple and clear and directly to the point, and these were free from the unusual words and the subtlety of reasoning which are found in some of his written opinions. He retained his powers and kept on with his work to the end of his long life, and his last opinion in the Supreme Court was an- nounced by his associates on the day before his death. There is in the Supreme Court room in Trenton a very fine portrait of Chief Justice Bea.sley, by J. W. Alexander. Mercer Beasley married (first) Miss Hig- bie, and ("second) Miss Havens, both of Trenton. By his first wife he had three chil- dren — a son, Mercer Beasley Jr., a mem- ber of the bar, and later Prosecutor of the Pleas of Mercer county : and two daughters, 84 ^ IV^ <-* ^-^ -t>^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY one of whom became the wife uf the late Edward T. Green, Judge of the United States District Court, and the other the wife of William S. Gummere, a Chief Jus- tice of New Jersey. Chauncey Havens Beasley, of the Essex bar, was a son of his second wife. PECK. Cyrus, Financier, Leader in Public Improvements. For many years a prominent and repre- sentative citizen of Essex county. New Jer- sey, who was closely identified with import- ant financial and other interests of the State, it is particularly appropriate that Cyrus Peck, late of Roseville, should be accorded mention in this work. He was a direct descendant of Henry Peck, who emigrated from England, and arrived at Boston, Mas- sachusetts, in 1637. Later he became one of the founders of the New Haven Colony Cyrus Peck was of the eighth generation of his family in this country. Aaron Peck, his father, was born in East Orange, New Jersey, March 2, 1798. and died there April 8, 1865. He was a hat manufacturer in Millburn, New Jersey, and was president and principal owner of the Sussex railroad, now a branch of the Del- aware, Lackawanna & Western railroad. He was a member of the Essex County Mi- litia from 1819 to 1825, holding rank as captain of the Fourth District Company, First Battalion. Fifth Regiment. In 1838 Governor William Pennington apjjointed him a Master in Chancery. He married .Miranda Pierson. Cyrus Peck was born in East Orange, New Jersey, November i, 1829, and died at his home in Roseville. May 6. 1907. On the completion of his education, which was a liberal one, he entered the wholesale boot and shoe house of J. H. Ransom & Com- ])any, of New York, remaining with them six years. On the organization of the New Jersey Express Company, about 1854, Mr. Peck became its treasurer. (This company was later merged with the Adams Express Company). In 1857 he entered the Conti- nental Insurance Company, of New York, with which he was connected for more than forty years, occupying successively the of- fices of secretary, second vice-president, vice-president and treasurer. He was one of the organizers of the City Trust Company of Newark in 1901, and was in office as its president until the time of his death. For a considerable time he had been vice-president of the Newark Board of Trade, and his services in this connection were highly appreciated and of inestimable value. Mr. Peck became a resident of Rose- ville, now known as the Eleventh Ward of Newark in 1854. and in 1857, when the ward was created, he was elected its first representative in the Board of Education, and served two successive terms in this of- fice. In 1892 he was one of the leading spirits in the Citizen's Committee which se- cured in 1894 the passage of the legislation resulting in the establishment of the Park System of Essex county. In 1897 he joined with other heirs of Aaron Peck in present- ing to Essex county a valuable tract of land, now a part of the middle division of the Branch Brook Park. In the same year the Hon. David A. Depue. justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, appointed Mr. Peck as the first president of the Esse.K County Park Board, an office he held twelve years. He was one of the incorporators of the Roseville Presbyterian Church in 1853, serving as president of the board of trustees until 1883, and from that, time until his death as elder. His connections with other organizations were: Vice-president of the Newark Board of Trade, as mentioned above : member of the New England So- ciety of Orange, New Jersey; trustee of the New Jersey Historical Society, and a life member of this body ; trustee of the Washington Headquarters .Associa- tion of New Jersey, at Morristown ; mem- ber of the Society of the Sons of tiie .\merican Revolution : member and treas- 85 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY iirer of the Committee of Presbytcrial Church Extension in the Presbytery of Newark. Mr. Peck on January 27, 1853, mar- jied Mary Picton Halsey, daughter of Rev. John Taylor Halsey, one of the most prom- inent educators of his time; granddaughter of Captain Luther Halsey, of the Revolu- tionary forces, and a descendant of Thomas Halsey, one of the founders of Southamp- ton, Long Island, in 1640. Their children were : Helen Oakley, Edward Halsey, Wil- liam Halsey, Edith Mary and Cyrus Cur- tis, who died in infancy. Tlie life of Mr. Peck was a quiet, modest and un- assuming one. His prominence was due to the possession of those ster- ling qualities which everywhere com- mand respect — honesty in business affairs, justice in public life, an unfailing courtesy in social circles, and a record that must ever be a source of pride and satisfaction to his descendants. Entirely free from ostenta- tion, without self-seeking, he was a true American citizen, loyal to his country, his church and his friends. On the 24th of May, 1914, a memorial window of great beauty entitled "Easter Morn" was dedicated in the Roseville Pres- byterian Church to the memory of Mr. and Mrs. Peck, who were charter members of this church. It was designed and executed by the Tiffany Studios of New York, after the famous picture of Axel Ender in the Parish Onirch at Molde, Norway. WHITEHEAD, John, Lawyer, Litteratenr. John Whitehead was not a native of New Jersey, but that State was the scene of all his activities. Born in Jersey, Licking county. Ohio. September 6, 1819, he was in early life deprived by death of a father's care, and his boyhood years were passed in the home of his uncle, Hon. .\sa Whitehead, a leading member of the bar, practicing in Newark. After receiving a thorough acad- emical education, he became a law .student in the office of his uncle, and was admitted to the bar in September, 1840. He at once engaged in practice, in association with his imcle, remaining until 1843, when he open- ed an office for himself. In 1856 he was appointed a United States Commissioner for the District of New Jersey, and in this capacity it became his duty to investigate complaints of the violation of Federal statutes, and his patience and breadth of legal knowledge made him a most admir- able committing magistrate. During his long practice, Mr. Whitehead never sought political or other honors out- side his profession, the only temptation to which he yielded being the indulgence of his literary tastes. He had a strong sym- pathy for the colored race, although never a pronounced abolitionist, and took great interest in furthering efforts to obtain their freedom. His lectures on history and philo- logy evinced deep research and great fa- miliarity with those subjects, and he made valuable contributions to the legal litera- ture of the State. ITis "Judicial and Civil History of New Jer.sey" (1897) was a most valuable work, and has a lasting value. The cause of education always found in him an earnest advocate. He was a member of the Public School Committee of Newark as early as 1845, 'ts early meetings being held in his private office. In 185 1. after the legislature had enlarged its powers as the Board of Education, its meetings were still held at the same place, Mr. Whitehead being secretary and treasurer until 1855. The people of Clinton township, of which he then became a resident, immediately availed themselves of his devotion to the cause of education, by selecting him for their school superintendent, which position he held for four years. He was for a long time secretary of the State Society of Teachers and Friends of Education, and in its interest spent much of his leisure time visiting different parts of the State, endeav- oring to arouse the people to a realization of 86 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY the importance of furnishing their children with better educational advantages. He was also a prominent member of the American Association for the Advancement of Educa- tion, composed of the most distinguished educators and men of learning in the coun- try. When it was decreed by an Act of the Legislature that school examiners should be appointed in the different counties of the State. Mr. Whitehead was selected for Es- sex county, holding that office until the act was repealed. Mr. Whitehead removed in 1861 to Mor- ristown, which was thereafter his place of residence until his death. There, after years of unflagging zeal and jjatient labor, he had the satisfaction of seeing the Mor- ristown Library opened to the public, on August 14, 1876 — an institution which at once entered upon a constant development. to the great advantage of the community. With indomitable perseverance he watched over its growth, advancing its interests in countless ways, and all of its thousands of books collected during his administration, were selected under his iinmediate supervi- sion. His enthusiasm in this work was unbounded. It would doubtless have been the great sorrow of his life had he lived to witness the burning of the Library ( Feb- ruary 23, 1914), and the total loss of its more than thirty thousand volumes and its great collection of historical papers and records reaching back to the colonial and revolutionary periods. The pecuniary loss was large (about $75,000 covered measur- ably well by insurance), but the value of the papers and records is not to be measur- ed in tcrins of monetary value. Mr. White- head was president of the Library corpor- ation at the time of his death. In 1891 Mr. Whitehead was chosen ])res- ident of the New^ Jersey Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, founded in 1889. an outgrowth of the i)atriotic senti- ment engendered by the centennial celebra- tion of the inauguration of Washington as the chief executive of the nation. During the successive years that he held that posi- tion Mr. Whitehead's genial social quali- ties and enthusiastic patriotism were largely instrumental in increasing the membership of the society. In 1893 he was elected one of the vice-presidents of the national so- ciety. He was an elder of the First Pres- byterian Church, of Morristown, and gave much service in teaching in the Sunday school. He was familiarly called "Judge," through his long and active service as a United States Commissioner. He died February 14, 1905. Mr. Whitehead married, in 1S43, Kath- arine A., daughter of David Mills ; she was a beautiful and accomplished woman. They left one daughter, Katharine A. Whitehead. .•\t a meeting of the directors of The Morristown Library and Lyceum, held February 17, 1905, a minute, prepared by Alfred Mills Esq., and reported by Messrs. Alfred Mills, John E. Taylor and Henry C. Pitney Jr., committee, was adopted and re- corded, and from which the follow'ing ex- tracts are taken : He established his office in Newark, and con- tinued the practice of law there up to the time of Ills death. He won an enviable position in his profession, being a learned lawyer, a wise coun- selor and an earnest advocate. He was very fond of genera! literature, and was an historian by in- stinct. New Jersey is much indebted to him for till- \aluablc historical and biographical books which he has written and published. A clear and graceful writer, he wrote and published many meritorious articles and letters upon subjects of interest to all intelligent citizens. To the ad- vancement of public education he gave much time and work. He loved books, as we all know. A good library was an elysium to him. In 1861, Mr. Whitehead removed his family resiresentative of a family of prominence, a family conspicuous for its men of sterling probity and integrity, ac- tive and public-spirited, numbering among them the Rev. Jacob Green, the Revolu- tionary patriot, who was his great-grand- father. His grandfather was the Rev. .\sh- bel Green, born 1762, died 1848: and his father. James .Sfiroat Green, was United States District .Attorney for New Jersey 91 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and professor of law in the College of New Jersey. James S. Green married Isabella McCulloh. Robert Stockton Green was born in Princeton, New Jersey, March 25, 1831, and died in Elizabeth, New Jersey, May 7, 1895. After a preliminary training, he be- came a student at Nassau Hall, from which he graduated in 1850. Choosing the profes- sion of the law, he was after the usual course of study admitted to the bar in 1853, and became a counsellor in 1856. While residing in Princeton he took an active in- terest in its affairs, and in 1852 served as a member of its council. He removed to Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1856, and im- mediately became interested in the move- ment for the creation of Union county, and he was largely instrumental in the passage of the act of 1857 by which it was ac- complished, and which designated Elizabeth as the county .seat. In 1857 he was ap- pointed prosecutor of the borough courts by Governor Newell, and in the following year became the city attorney of Elizabeth, a position he continued to fill with marked ability for ten years. At the expiration of this period he was elected to the city council, and served therein by successive elections from 1868 to 1873. He had been elected surrogate of Union county in 1862, and a])pointed presiding judge of the Court of Common Pleas and county courts in 1868. During the succeeding year he was appointed by Governor Randolph to the Commercial Convention at Louisville as a representative of New Jersey. In 1873 he was ai)i)ointed by Governor Parker, and the nomination received the confirmation of the Senate, one of the commissioners to suggest amendments to the constitution of the State. In this commission he served as chairman of the committees on bills of rights, rights of suffrage, limitation of power of govern- ment, and general and special legislation. The amendments suggested were substan- tially adopted by the two succeeding legis- latures and ratified by the people at the general election of 1875. He represented the Democratic party as delegate to the National conventions of i860, 1880 and 1 888 ; was a representative in the Forty- ninth Congress, 1885-87; Governor of New Jersey, 1886-90; V ice-Chancellor of the State, 1890-95 : and Judge of the Court of Errors and Appeals, 1894-95. In his professional capacity he was con- nected with some of the most important movements in the State of New Jersey. Of these the most notable, because of its almost revolutionary and far-reaching char- acter, may be mentioned the enterprise de- signed to deliver the people of the common- wealth from the monopoly long enjoyed by the Camden & Amboy Railroad Company and its successors, the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company. An organization was ef- fected, known as the National Railway Company, having for its object the con- struction of a second railroad between the cities of Philadelphia and New York. At every step the new enterprise was met with opposition and litigation by its established rival. This opposition and litigation cul- minated in 1872 in the celebrated case be- fore the Chancellor's Court in Trenton. In this suit, which was brought by the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company, as lessees of the franchises and road of the Camden & Amboy Railroad, against the National Rail- way Company, to restrain it from operating a through line from New York to Phila- delphia, under several charters which were to be used as connecting links of the route, Mr. Green acted as attorney for the defend- ants. This litigation led in the succeeding winter, to the fierce contest in the legisla- ture between the railroad companies and the advocates of free railroads. Bill after bill granting the rights sought by the promo- ters of the new enterprise passed the House of Assembly, only to be killed or smothered in the Senate. The .Assembly had early in the session passed a bill, introduced by Mr. Canfield, of Morris, creating a general rail- road law. This measure had gone to the 92 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEY Senate, and been there amended by the striking out of all after the enacting clause, and the insertion of a bill that would have been practically useless. On the return of this amended bill to the House, in the last days of the session, it was referred to a committee, consisting of Messrs. Worthing- ton, Canfield, Lestom, Willets. and Schenck, who, with Messrs. Cortlandt Parker, Green, .Attorney-General Gilchrist, and B. W. Throckmorton, prepared and perfected a measure which was the next day reported to the House by the committee as a substitute for the Senate's amendment. The Assem- bly passed it, and, after some small altera- tions made by a committee of conference, it eventually passed both Houses ; was sign- ed by Governor Parker, and became a law. Railroad monopoly privileges which had been enjoyed under the decision in the case of the Camden & Amboy Railroad Com- pany and the Delaware and Raritan Bay Company, even after the companies had relinquished their rights to exclusive privi- leges, were by this law destroyed, and un- der it the Delaware & Bound Brook Rail- road was built on the route and partially finished road-bed of the National Railway Company, and in connection with the New Jersey Central and North Pennsylvania rail- roads formed a continuous and through line from New York to Philadelphia. With the opening of this road was consummated the release of New Jersey from one of the most oppressive monopolies known to the history of this country, and to Mr. Green the com- munity is indebted in no .small degree for its deliverance. His great ability and tire- less care in working up the intricate points of the preliminary litigation, and in shap- ing the subseciuent legislation, conduced conspicuously to the final triumph of popu- lar rights. Mr. Green became a member of the bar of New York in January, 1874, as a partner in the firm of Brown, Hall & Vanderpoel, which afterwards, by changes in its per- sonnel, became that of Vanderpoel, Green & Cuming. The College of New Jersey gave him the honorary degree of LL.D. in 1887. He was a member of the New Jer- sey Society of the Cincinnati ; president of the State Society; member of the Sons of the American Revolution, 1888, and a vice- president general of the National Society. KILPATRICK, Gen. Hugh Judson, Dashing Cavalry Officer, Diplomat. General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick, un- doubtedly one of the most daring and bril- liant cavalry leaders of the Civil War per- iod, was born near Deckertown. New Jer- sey, January 14, 1836. He was graduated from the Military Academy at West Point in 186 1, and on May 14 of that year was commissioned a lieutenant of artillery. He participated in the battle of Big Bethel, in the following month. In August he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of a New York cavalry regiment which he had assisted in recruiting and organizing. In January, 1862, he set out for Kansa^^, to serve as chief of artil- lery of General James H. Lane's forces, intended for service in Texas. This expedi- tion, however, was abandoned, and Kilpat- rick rejoined his regiment in Virginia, and was in the action at Thoroughfare Gap, and the second battle of Bull Run. On June 13, 1863. he was promoted to brigadier-gen- eral of volunteers, took part in the battles of Aldie and Gettysburg, and for gallantry in the latter two engagements was brevetted lieutenant-colonel in the regular army. He took an active part in the operations in Virginia from .'\ugust until November, 1863, and in the affairs at James City, Brandy Station and Gainesville. In May, 1864, he was sent west and assigned to the command of a cavalrv division in the Army of the Cumberland, then entering upon the Georgia campaign. He was severely wounded in the battle of Resaca, Georgia, May 13th, and was obliged to retire from service for two months. He returned to the field with 03 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY undiminished zeal and energy, and in the middle of August passed around the ene- my's lines at Atlanta, destroying consider- able railroad, and returning with a number of prisoners, and various trophies of war. He commanded all of General Sherman's cavalry forces during the famous "March to the Sea" and in the campaign of the Carolinas. especially distinguished himself at Fayetteville, North Carolina. He was brevetted colonel in the regular army for gallant conduct at Resaca. brigadier-general for the capture of Fayetteville, North Caro- lina, and major-general for meritorious ser- vices in the Carolina campaign. On June i8, 1865, he was promoted to major-general of volunteers. On January i, 1866. he resigned his volunteer commission, and in the following year left the regular army. General Kilpatrick was Minister to Chili from 1865 to 1868. In the presidential campaign of 1872 he supported Greeley. He returned to the Republican party in 1876. and in 1880 was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress from New Jersey. In 1881 he was appointed by President Garfield to the post of Minister to Chili, and his death occurred at Valparaiso on December 4th of the same vear. DRYDEN. John Fairfield, Founder of Prudential Insnrance Company. One of the foremost men the insurance world has ever produced w^as John Fair- field Dryden. founder of The Prudential, and pioneer of industrial insurance in America. Mr. Dn,'den also accomplished much for the material advancement of New Jersey. It has been said of him, "He help- ed the masses to help themselves." His career was an illustration of greatness aris- ing out of a long and determined struggle for achievement in a new and ventuie- some field of human endeavor. His mon- ument is the magnificent institution of which he was the creator and head, and which links his name with the lives of mil- lions of people. For nearly forty years Mr. Dryden was a resident of Newark. New Jersey, and one its most highly honored citizens. He was born August 7, 1839, on a farm at Temple Mills, near Farmington, Maine, and his life is an illustration of what a young man of ordinary means and honest birth can ac- complish, and the kind of heritage he can leave for the benefit of humanity. His par- ents were John and Elizabeth B. Dryden, of old New England ancestry. Removing with his parents from Maine to Massachusetts when seven years of age, he received his early education in the schools of the latter State. As a youth he was distinguished by his studious nature and intellectual pursuits ; and though his health was never robust, he fitted himself for college, entering Yale in 1861. His over-zealousness in study broke down his health and compelled him to leave before the completion of his course. In later years, in recognition of his after achieve- ments, the university conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts : and his name was enrolled as one of the graduates of the class of 1865. Perhaps Mr. Dryden's glimpse of the frailty of health set him to thinking about life insurance, pointing him in the direction of what proved so conclusively to be his work in life : for immediately after leaving college he became interested in the subject, particularly in its application to the practical solution of the economic prob- lems of the poor. His attention had been attracted to the methods of The Pruden- tial Assurance Company of London, which some years previously had commenced the writing of industrial insurance, or life In- surance for wage earners, on the weekly payment plan ; and he was greatly impress- ed with the success which had attended its methods. The matter had been discussed in Parliament and elsewhere and had rain- 94 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ed a wide publicity ; and in the annual re- ports of the Massachusetts Insurance De- partment had received the notice of Pro- fessor Elizur Wright, the State Insurance Commissioner. Procuring the reports of the Lx)ndon company and all available informa- tion, Mr. Dryden studied and analyzed the matter, acquainting himself with the founda- tion principles, the practical details, and the results both from the standpoint of the company and that of the policyholder. Ke became convinced of the practicability of Americanizing the methods of the Englirh company and establishing industrial insur- ance in this country. Fascinated by the idea of putting an insurance policy into every tenement house and poor man's cab- in, he determined to achieve this great bless- ing for the poor. He began at the founda- tion, was full of ambitious enterprise, with an unbounded confidence in himself and the ultimate success of his idea, and it is owing to him that the poor man gets his policy of life insurance. In 1873 he came to Newark. The long continued business depression of that per- iod, with its attendant panic and its bank failures, made his task a doubly hard one : but he succeeded eventually in interesting Horace Ailing; William H. Murphy, father of former Governor Murphy ; Noah F. Blanchard, a leading leather manufacturer of the city : Dr. Leslie D. Ward, a practic- ing physician ; and others. Obtaining a charter from the State Legislature, he or- ganized "The Widows' and Orphans Friendly Society," Mr. Dryden becoming the secretary. An office was secured in the basement of the bank at 8jo Broad street, Newark: and here in The Prudential's of- fice he helped to lay the cornerstone of the present financial importance of the city of Newark, whose largest institution to-day is The Prudential. He started the company in an inexpen- sive way and without any salary for him- self, the economy practiced enabling it to weather the early days. It was not many years, however, before the institution was self-supporting. Shortly after its organi- zation the name of the society was changed to "The Prudential Friendly Society," the intention being at that time to found a workingman's benefit institution which would cover all of the more important con- tingencies affecting the lives of wage earn- ers ; that is, giving them financial relief in the event of accident, sickness or death, and granting an annuity in old age. The time had not yet come to cover so ambitious a field as this, however, and the plan was changed to provide for the payment of sums at death. Thinking it best to learn if possible more about the methods of the English Pruden- tial, Mr. Dryden crossed the ocean and made the acquaintance of Sir Henry Har- ben, founder of industrial insurance in the United Kingdom, and for many years pres- ident of the English Prudential. The court- esy with which he was received by the Lon- don institution and its officers, their will- ingness to impart information about the work, and the opportunities which they gave him of studying their ways of doing business, stranger that he was, were a trib- ute to Mr. Dryden 's personality. After Mr. Dryden's return the name of The Prudential Friendly Society was changed to "The Prudential Insurance Company of .\merica." From the earliest beginnings the undertaking was strictly limited to wage earners' insurance or in- dustrial insurance on the weekly payment plan, with the premiums collected from the houses of the insured. A better plan than this could scarcely have been devised, for reasons inherent to the lives and conditions of the earners of weekly wages. The workingman was taught the value of sav- ing. To the high standards maintained by Mr. Dryden's management is due the re- spect in which industrial insurance is held in this country to-day. In 1881 Mr. Dry- den became president of Tlie Prudential, in which office he continued for thirty years, and until his death. 95 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY He had a genius for organization, and excelled in the management of men. From the beginning he led the forces of The Pru- dential by kind and gentle ways, creating in their minds a trust in him personally j>nd a complete confidence in his word, the result being a force of well-disciplined em- ployees who were loyal to their leader. Mr. Dryden was an excellent judge of char- acter ; his own early experience taught him to be sympathetic with the trials of his agents, and he was constantly endeavoring to better their condition, finding ways of making their work easier and more suc- cessful. A man of diligence and integrity, cool and courageous, he inspired those about him with like qualities. Mr. Drydcn's conception of the social service that ac- companied and underlaid every view of his business was ever uppermost in his mind. So strong and loyal is the memory held for Mr. Dryden by employees of The Pruden- tial that a beautiful bronze statue has been erected by them in the corridor of The Prudential building, Newark, as a tribute of esteem and aflfection from the field and home office force of the company. In 1886, The Prudential commenced the issue of ordinary policies in amounts of $1,000 and over, with premiums payable quarterly, and at longer intervals : the re- sult being a very large and rapidly growing ordinary business whose development was such that on January i, 1913, the company had over eight hundred and sixty million dollars of ordinary business on its books. A large amount of this insurance is secur- ed by industrial agents, and thus the bene- fits of every form of safe life insurance are brought home to the mass of the people. The Prudential has at present over 11,000,- 000 industrial and ordinary policies in force, for over $2,211,000,000 industrial and ordinary life insurance, and is indeed a veritable rock of Gibraltar for the pro- tection of the workingman and his family. By issuing the two forms of insurance through one institution. Mr. Dryden secur- ed for The Prudential a foremost position among the life insurance companies of the world. Mr. Dryden was identified with the best business interests and prosperity of the city of Newark ; he entered into the affairs of various large organizations with a keen foresight and a sound judgment that won the regard of his associates wherever he moved. He created for the city an im- mense amount of taxable wealth, and gave large additional values to existing property by the improvements he projected. He contributed to the beautifying of the city by the erection of stately buildings, setting the example for others to follow. Trans- forming the old-fashioned and slow-going banking system, he helped to give new life and a new growth to Newark, making it a great financial centre. Suffice it to say that The Prudential now has over three hundred million dollars assets. He estab- lished a network of thrift from the lowest to the highest, showing the working people how to make the best use of their money in life insurance, and advising financial and other organizations how to conduct their enterprises to the best public advantage. The important part enacted by The Pru- dential in the city of Newark and the State of New Jersey is shown by the fact that that company since its organization has contributed to the city and the State in the form of taxes over eight million dollars, much of which has gone toward the main- tenance of schools, hospitals and other State and local interests. In appreciation of Mr. Dryden's inval- uable public services New Jersey chose him in 1896 and in 1900 as presidential elector. On January 29, 1902. he was elect- ed to the United States Senate. An active Republican all his life and keenly interest- ed in public affairs, he entered at once into public work, receiving a number of promi- nent Senate committee appointments and mnking his first speech on the subject of the Chinese exclusion bill, .^s a member 96 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of the Inter-Oceanic Canal Committee of the Senate, he was brought into close per- sonal cooperation and friendship with ex- President Taft, then Secretary of War, and rendered distinguished service in bring- ing about the legislation which made pos- sible the completion of the great water- way between the two oceans. As a mem- ber of the Senate library committee and the committee on public buildings and grounds, he secured action upon a number of important measures ; and as a member of the committee on immigration he gave material aid in effecting desirable legisla- tion. His amendment to the railroad rate bill, fixing the time for divorcing the con- trol of mining properties from the rail- roads, proved a wise and most important enactment. The dignity of his character and the marked abilities which he displayed gave him a strong influence with legislators and officials, and served to smooth the way for important State and local benefits ; he was thus enabled to obtain for New Jersey ap- propriations aggregating five million dollars He secured for the State the construction of some of the government's largest war vessels, and enriched the State treasury by over six hundred thousand dollars due from the Federal Government on unpaid Civil War claims. Not the least of his ac- tivities as Senator was his bringing to a successful issue a large number of the spe- cial bills and claims before the pension of- fice for the relief of old soldiers and their widows ; and to every case showing extreme want his personal attention was given. He also presented while in the United States Senate a valuable trophy, known as the Dryden Trophy, with the purpose of in- creasing the efificiency in marksmanship among the National Guard, the .Army and the Navy. Indeed, his interest and his ser- vices covered almost every subject of State or National importance ; and in the dis- charge of the duties of his high office he displayed the same breadth of view and the same keenness of intellect that character- ized his administration of The Prudential Insurance Company. Mr. Dryden's term as United States Sei;- ator expired on March 4, 1907, and his health not being good he withdrew from the contest for reelection, leaving the field clear to his successor. Upon recuperating his energies, however, he again became ac- tive in business life and in public affairs ; and during the panic year of 1907 assisted materially in warding off a financial crisis, doing much in the two following years to extend The Prudentiars field of operations. Additional structures were planned and completed, so that the four large office buildings in Newark now owned and occu- pied by the company, are considered one c f the finest groups of office buildings in the world, and a model in point of archi- tectural beauty and utility for business pur- poses, the home office employees of the company working under the very best pos- sible office conditions. .Senator Dryden was one of the com- iiiltee that erected the McKinley Memor- ial at Canton, Ohio ; and was appointed chairman of the cominittee which had in charge the raising of the Qeveland monu- ment at Princeton, having started the movement and organized the Cleveland Monument Association. He personally conducted the movement to successful ac- complishment, the fund of one hundred and twenty-six thousand dollars, which was raised through popular subscription, actually exceeding the amount originally suggested for the project. Mr. Dryden was a member of the Pres- byterian church, and was a contributor to religious movements and charitable enter- prises along many lines. Relieving always in a great future for the city of Newark, he cooperated in all movements to make the city more widely known among the great commercial and industrial centres, and was a director in many of the larger fi- nancial institutions of the city, State and 1 1-7 97 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY country. He was an officer in or director of the following corporations : The Prudential Insurance Company of America, president and director ; Fidelity Trust Company, Newark, vice-president and director ; Union National Bank, Newark, director ; United States Steel Corporation, director ; United States Casualty Company, New York, director ; National Bank of Com- merce, New York, director; Equitable Trust Company, New York, director ; Pub- lic Service Corporation of New Jersey, di- rector. Of the Fidelity Trust Company of New- ark, he was one of the originators ; and he was also one of the prime movers in the consolidation that resulted in the Public Service Corporation of New Jersey. It was in 1903 that he was made a director of the United States Steel Corporation in which he was active until his death. It was not only in his daily life but in his speeches and writings that Mr. Dryden was enabled to exert so important an in- fluence upon his fellow country men. In 1895 he demonstrated in a speech before the insurance committee of the Massachu- setts Legislature the fallacies of a propos- ed bill to prohibit the insurance of children, and succeeded in defeating the measure. His writings upon insurance questions are among the classics of the business ; and his able volume, "Addresses and Papers on Life Insurance and Other Subjects," is widely recognized as a reference book on all matters of this nature, especially upon the subject of industrial insurance. Treat- ing on the benefits of industrial insurance, Mr. Dryden described it as one of the most effective means of family protection ever devised. He told also of the new life in- surance plan successfully undertaken by his company of guaranteeing the payment of monthly income checks through the en- tire lifetime of a widow or other dependent rather than paying the full sum of the pol- icy at the death of the insured. He be- lieved this method to be more directlv in line with the American ideal of the highest degree of economic independence in old age. This was a growing part of The Pru- dential's business at the time of his death. A widely quoted article upon the subject of longevity, written by him in September, 1901, states his conclusions, based upon the experience of The Prudential, that the American people are advancing toward physical supremacy and distinctly longer lives. He also called attention to the op- portunities of life insurance as a career and discussed with keen insight the questions of taxation of life insurance and its regu- lation by Congress, presenting strong argu- ments for a reduction in the tax by the var- ious States, and the placing of the business under National supervision, in order to bring about uniform laws for its conduct. Mr. Dryden stated that his own course in public and business life was largely influ- enced by the fundamental principles of party resjionsibility and the high ideals in political, business and social life of Abra- ham Lincoln and Alexander Hamilton. His letters to his agents won for him a reputation as a clear and logical writer, and showed him to be a man of strong and orig- inal thought. He was thoroughly posted and well-informed on an unusual number of important subjects, indicating a wide mental scope and great judicial force. He was a great student of literature and the arts. Large and valuable libraries were accumulated by him at his Newark resi- dence and in his summer home at Ber- nardsville. New Jersey. He was an ac- knowledged connoisseur in paintings, and his art collection in Newark, which includ- ed a number of modern master-pieces, was one of the most ably and intelligently select- ed collections in the State. Mr. Dryden was also deeply interested in the develop- ment of forestry, and began the establish- ment of a game preserve on his property, having purchased in the year 191 1 the old Rutherford estate, seven thousand acres in extent, in Sussex county. New Jersey. 98 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY As an evidence of Mr. Dryden's belief in a great future prosperity for New Jersey, he made this interesting prediction in an address before the New Jersey State Bank- ers Association at Atlantic City in 1906: "Drawing much of her energy and capi- tal from the great city of New York on the one hand, and from the great city of Philadelphia on the other, she (New Jer- sey) yet preserves an independent attitude and pursues an independent policy. Be- tween these two cities. New Jersey, with an area of some seven thousand square miks, occupies what, without question, will in course of time become the most valuable real estate in America." Mr. Dryden was a member of the Union League Club, New York ; New York Yacht Club ; Railroad Gub : Autombile Qub of America; Metropolitan Club of Washing- ton ; Essex Club ; Essex County Country Club, and the Automobile and Motor Qub of New Jersey. His home life was ideal. Married, in 1864, at New Haven, Connecticut, to Miss Cynthia J. Fairchild, he had two children: Forrest F. Dryden, who succeeded his fath- er as president of The Prudential ; and Susie Dryden, who married Colonel An- thony R. Kuser, of Trenton. Mr. TJryden's death occurred after a short illness, at his residence in Newark, Novem- ber 24, 191 1, he being then in his seventy- third year. It was said of him, at his death, that a pillar of the State had fallen, and from the world of insurance a towering fig- ure was removed which for more than a generation had commanded the respect and admiration of his contemporaries. McGILL, Alexander Taggart, DlBtingnished Jurist. Of the public life of this learned and con- scientious judge, Vice Chancellor Reed said : "Of his learning, the reports of the decisions of the courts over which he pre- sided bear ample evidence; of his industry, the multitudinous affairs which underwent the scrutiny of his vigilant eyes, his lonely midnight labor, his broken health and immo- lated life all attest; of his exquisite amenity, everyone — judge, lawyer or citizen — who approached him professionally or personal- ly, can bear witness. Above all, he had those undefinable attributes of personality which go to make up character." Alexander Taggart McGill was born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, October 20, 1843. son of Alexander Taggart and Ellen A. (McCulloch) McGill. After graduating from Princeton College in 1864, he studied law at Columbia University, from which he graduated in 1866. Continuing his legal studies in the office of Hon. Edward W. Scudder, of Trenton, New Jersey, he was admitted to the bar as attorney in 1867, and as counsellor in 1870. After remaining in Trenton a few months, associated with his preceptor, he removed to Jersey City, and made it his permanent home. During 1870- 76 he practiced in partnership with Attor- ney-General Robert Gilchrist. In 1874 and again in 1875 he was elected as a Demo- cratic member of the Assembly. He was appointed Prosecutor of Pleas for Hudson county in April, 1878, and in April, 1883, was made Law Judge in the same territory. In March, 1887, he was appointed Chancel- lor of the State of New Jersey, by Governor Green, and upon the expiration of his term in 1894 was reappointed by Governor Werts. During his term as Chancellor, the famous coal combine bill brought him into much prominence. The measure was pass- ed by the legislature, but did not receive the signature of Governor Abbett. Neverthe- less, the railroad companies in the combi- nation proceeded to act as though protected by existing laws ; and the Attorney-Gener- al brought suit against the combination in the Court of Chancery. Chancellor McGill rendered a decision laying down the rela- tion of corporations to the State, and deal- ing a powerful blow to all the monopoly combinations of the coal-trust class. The 99 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY clearness and fairness of the decision rend- ered placed his ruling beyond attack. In September, 1895, he was nominated by the Democratic party as its candidate for Gov- ernor. Chancellor McGill in the campaign that ensued refused to take part, remain- ing on the bench and attending strictly to his official duties. He was defeated in the Republican landslide that followed. As a citizen and lawyer. Chancellor McGill was universally respected and es- teemed, and as a judge he was one of the most popular that ever presided over the courts of Chancery or of Errors and Ap- peals. The degree of LL.D. was conferred on him by both Princeton and Rutgers Col- leges. He married, at Princeton, New Jersey, June 10, 1875, Caroline S., daughter of George T. Olmsted. He died in Jersey City, New Jersey, April 21, 1900. POPE, Samuel, Man of Enterprise, Public Official. A man of unusual size, six and a half feet in height and of proportionate build, Samuel Pope, one of the early stage drivers between Paterson, Newark, and Jersey City, was a man to attract attention anywhere. His character matched his body and for force, energy, bluntness, straightforward- ness and honesty he was remarkable. His iron will and tremendous body made him a most desirable addition to the early pio- neer community and in establishing new en- terprises he aided with all his powers. He was of the fourth generation of his family in New Jersey, the founder coming from Scotland and locating on a large tract of land at Elizabethtown. Samuel was the proud son of Jeremiah Pope of the second American generation, who resided in Hackensack, New Jersey, during the Revolutionary War, in which he served with the patriot army. He was wounded in conflict with the British, seven buckshot and a bullet entering his body. He was nursed back to life by Polly, a daugh- ter of Dr. Van Emburgh, of Hackensack, fell in love with her and later she became his wife. After the war he settled in West- ern New York, where he engaged in farm- ing. When war again was pending between the United States and Great Britain he served with the famous "Silver Grays," fighting at Lundy's Lane under General Scott. Samuel, son of Jeremiah and Polly (Van Emburgh) Pope, was born in Hackensack, New Jersey. He went west with his par- ents, and also fought at Lundy's Lane, near his father, who thought him safe at home on the farm. Both escaped injury in battle, but later both fell victims of camp fever, the government paying the widow a gener- ous pension. Samuel Pope married Eliza- beth Edwards, born in New England, who bore him two sons, John and Samuel. Samuel, son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Edwards) Pope, was born on the Western New York farm, between Cayuga and Sen- eca Lakes, October 9, 181 1, died in Pater- son, New Jersey. Soon after the sudden death of his father and grandfather, his grandmother brought Samuel to Paterson, he then being two years old and soon be- coming motherless. He attended school un- til he was ten years of age, then beginning work in Colt's flax and cottonmill. Soon afterward he was employed in a similar mill owned by John Travers, and there ac- cidently had his left hand badly mutilated, and while convalescing from this injury he attended school for two terms. His next employer was William Jacobs, who was to teach him wood turning. Not receiving his wages, he sued Jacobs, employing Judge Ogden as counsel, paying him by personal labor. He thus early developed that dis- position to stand up for his right, that spir- it being a characteristic of his entire life. For the next eight years he "drove stage" between Paterson and New York, worked on the construction of the turnpike between those cities, helped build the Morris road. ■sC' .^^ o-^- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and with his horses and carts aided in con- structing the Paterson & Hudson River railroad. After the road was completed he drove the teams that pulled the cars, and attended to the baggage for a time. He then entered the employ of John Robert and Edward Stevens, of Hoboken, and drove their opposition line of stages be- tween Paterson and Hoboken. not infre- quently beating the railroad time. Later he continued the opposition line on his own account, driving the best horses he could buy, shortening the regular time (2-1/2 hours) and reducing the fare to two shill- ings and sixpence each way. About 1834 three locomotive engines were brought from England and placed on the railroad. Judge Ogden then being its president. Mr. Pope was called upon to assist in getting the first locomotive on the track ready for operation, and for eight months was its fireman. Then, a new pres- ident having been elected, Mr. Pope left the road and started the opposition line of four stages previously alluded to. About the year 1837 he gave up that business and pur- chased the wood standing on about three thousand acres of land. This he cut and sold to the New York & Erie railroad, which had leased the first built road. He continued in that business for many years ; in fact, that may be said to have been his principal business, although he built mills, opened and developed quarries. Erected many buildings of stone, brick and wood, in short was ready for any enterprise that was honest and promised profit. He built one of the Gin Mill group of factories, a part of the works at the city pumping sta- tion, the great wall around the Colt's Hill property, and many other structures in Pat- erson. He cut the wood from many tiiou- sands of acres, one of his purchases being five thousand acres bought from Cooper & Hewitt, in the northern part of Passaic county. He succeeded in a financial sense, amassing a large fortune and owning valu- able properties in and around Paterson. He lOI was clearheaded and resourceful, kindly hearted and genial, one of the truest of friends and the bitterest of enemies, never resting under an injury until fully reveng- ed. But when revenged, he was the first to lend his former enemy a helping hand. He lived to an honorable old age and among Paterson's citizens no man was held in more genuine esteem. He was an ardent Democrat all his life, his first vote having been cast for General Jackson when he was but seventeen, his great size not denoting his youth to the judges. He became a leading figure in local politics and held many offices. He was street superintendent under both vil- lage and city governments, was assessor and collector of taxes, member of the first city council, 1851-2, and as city treasurer signed the first municipal bonds issued by the city of Paterson. His salary as treasurer was $200 yearly ; he gave security bonds for $60,000, paid out $300 yearly for clerk hire, besides furnishing an office in which to transact city business, and lighted and heat- ed it at his own expense. In 1857 he was elected to represent the South and Fifth Wards of Paterson in the State Legislatuie and was re-elected for five terms, serving continuously from 1857 to 1863. except in 1862. He was influential in the Legisla- ture, supported the Stevens interest in the road from Newark to Hoboken. fought the old New Jersey road with all his strength, and was elected to succeed himself in spite of the opposition of that road which sent $3000 into the district to defeat him. .Amid all this strife he maintained his reputation for honesty and fair dealing, his uncom- promising integrity never being questioned. He would accept no office after retiring from the Legislature, and for many years prior to his death was totally retired from business life. He gave liberally to all churches ; loaned the New York & Lake Erie railroad the money needed to construct depot and freight buildings in Paterson ; and aided in many ways to advance Pater- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Bon interests. He was a character not often duplicated, and while a truly selfmade man, his life was one which the most favored might well be proud to have lived. In 1836 he married Eliza Rose, of Hav- erstraw, who survived him without issue. In 1872, while sleeping, he and his wife were bound in their bed by eight masked burglars who entered his handsome Broad- way residence and robbed him of $13,000 in bonds and money. NELSON, Samuel Cogswell, Business Man, Public Official. The judgment of the world is quickly passed upon a man who by any chance rises above the common level, whether that judgment be commendatory or the reverse. That a life has been successful from a pe- cuniary point of view does not satisfy the public mind, but it is demanded that a man to win public regard must not only be suc- cessful in his own line, but he must win the respect of his fellows through an honorable and upright life. Considered then from these angles, Samuel Cogswell Nelson, late of Jersey City, New Jersey, was a success- ful man, as he held the respect of his fel- lowmen and left behind him the record of a well spent life, one worthy of emulation. He was of the same family as Lord Nelson, the famous naval hero of England, and of Thomas Nelson Page, equally famous as a writer. .Another ancestor was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. The name of Nelson is of Scandinavian origin, and was derived from Nilsson, meaning son Nils or Neil. It is not only found in Scotland and Ireland, but in al- most every county in England, especially in those bordering the sea which, in ancient times, were exposed to frequent ravages by the piratical Norsemen, or Vikings. In thL; country the Nelsons of this family located at an early date on the banks of the Hudson at what is now known as Garrison's, but was then Nelson's I^anding. They were 102 farmers generally, and a number of them took an active part in the War of the Rev- olution. Cornelius Madivale Nelson, father of Samuel Cogswell Nelson, was born in America, about 1780. He was a farmer, and was also the local doctor and dentist, and the blacksmith of the section. He held the rank of major during the war of 1812, his military services being in the Bronx, and was buried at St. Philip's Church, at Garrison, New York. He married Char- ity Jacques. Samuel Cogswell Nelson was born Feb ruary 10, 1819, and died October 3, 1883. His education was acquired in schools in the vicinity of his home, and at the age of fifteen years he came to New York City and there entered the chandlery business, with which he was identified until his retirement from business responsibilities. He learned this business thoroughly in every detail, rising from rank to rank, by reason of his faith- ful discharge of the duties entrusted to him, until he was admitted to partnership, the firm becoming Martin and Nelson. Subse- quently Mr. Nelson acquired the sole rights of this important concern, and conducted it until his retirement from business. He re- moved to Jersey City, New Jersey, April 5, 1865. He was a nian of great executive ability, active in the interests of the Dem- ocratic party, and served as comptroller of Jersey City. He was a member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Nelson married Eliza Jane Watson, of New York City, and they became the parents of eleven children. Mandeville Nelson, the eldest son. served as assistant paymaster on the L'nited States steamer "Daylight," during the Civil War. He was very young when he volunteered for ser- vice, but was accepted, and soon became paymaster. He was sent on a commission to W^ashington, in a small boat. While there he went to meet a comrade who had just come from the South, thinlv clad, and Mr. c^i.^^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW I ERSE Y Nelson, fearing the cold for his friend, wore a second overcoat over his own, in order to give it to the new arrival. While on the way, the boat capsized and Mr. Nel- son, although handicapped by the weight of the two coats, succeeded in saving the lives of two sailors, but lost his own. For niany years these sailors visited the office of Samuel Cogswell Nelson, to testify to their grateful remembrance of his heroic MEEKER, John Harbeck, Laipyer, Jurist, Financier, John Harbeck Meeker, lawyer, statesman, financier, was distinctly one of the repre- sentative men of that section of New Jer- sey in which he resided. He promoted the public welfare through every conceivable channel, and proved himself fully alive to those higher duties which represent the most valuable citizenship in any locality and at any period. His personal career was such as to render him particularly eligible for representation within these pages. Samuel Meeker, his father, was born at Springfield, New Jersey, November 13, 1786. He received his business training from his uncle, Samuel Meeker, who was for many years a prominent merchant and business man of Philadelphia. Samuel Meeker, the second, manufactured car- riages at Rahway, New Jersey, which for many years he sold to the Southern trade, having extensive buildings in Charleston. -South Carolina, to which city he shipped the manufactured carriages, and exhibited and sold them. After his retirement from the business he had his residence on Broad street. Newark, where Dr. Ill now resides. Prom 1854 until his death he served as pres- ident of the State Rank of Newark. He also served for a number of years as pres- ident of the Newark Savings Institution, and was holding the office of vice-president of that institution at the time of his death. As president of the Newark Gas Company, he also rendered excellent service. For many years he was a vestryman, warden and treasurer of Trinity Church, Newark. Upon the erection of Grace Church, New- ark, he joined it, and served as vestryman, and afterwards as warden, continuing as such until his death. Mr. Meeker married Martha Harbeck, of New York City, the ceremony being performed at old St. Mark's Church, in that city. John Harbeck Meeker was born in Clark township, near Rahway, New Jersey, July 2, 1823. and died in South Orange, New Jersey, January 20, 1889. At the age of six years he commenced to attend the Rev. Mr. Hal- sey's Preparatory Boarding School, at Eliz- abeth, New Jersey, and was there prepared for entrance to the university. He matric- ulated at Yale College in 1838, and was graduated from that institution in the class of 1842. He then took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar of New Jersey in July, 1846. For many years he was a manager of the Dime Savings Insti- tution of Newark, and from May, i88i. until his death, he was the attorney and counsel of that institution. In the early years of his manhood he affiliated with the Whig party, but about the year 185 1 he joined the Democratic party. He served as secretary of the State Senate of New Jersey in 1864-65; was a judge of the Es- sex County Courts froin 1877 to 1882; sjiecial master of the Court of Chancery for many years prior to his death ; and was a Supreme Court Commissioner and also a Commissioner of the United States Cir- cuit Court. In early life he was an officer in the New Jersey State Militia. For many years he was a member of St. John's Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of Newark, New Jersey. His early religious training was that of the Presbyterian de- nomination, but for many years j)rior to his death he attended the services of the Pro- testant Episcopal Church. Mr. Meeker married, in Newark, in (Oc- tober, 1846. Henrietta A. Bolles, daughter 103 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of Nathan and Abby Johnson (Baldwin) Bolles, and they had children : Samuel, born June 23, 1849, died January 31, 1902; Henrietta Harbeck, who married Dr. WhI- ter J. Norfolk, of Salem, Massachuseits ; John Harbeck, born May 19, 1854, of East Orange, New Jersey ; Mary Abby French, of East Orange, New Jersey ; Charles Hen- ry, born September 19, 1865, who resides at Newton, New Jersey. SANDFORD, Theodore, Man. of Enterprise, Historian. Among the men of high distinction, scholarly attainments and wide experience of Belleville, New Jersey, was the late Theodore Sand ford, well known in profes- sional and public life for more than half a century. To his own discretion, foresight and superior ability was due the splendid success that crowned his eflforts. His well spent life commended him to the confidence and esteem of all with whom he was brought in contact, and his reputation in both busi- ness and public life was unassailable. He was of the seventh generation in this coun- try of the family founded by Captain Wil- liam Sandford, and his family is entirely distinct from that founded by the Rev. Cor- nelis Van Santvoordt, one of the earliest of the Dutch Reformed ministers to New Netherlands. Captain (or Major) William Sandford, mentioned above, came to this country from the Island of Barbadoes, West Indies, in 1668, and on July 4 of that year, he receiv- ed a grant of all the meadows and upland lying south of a line drawn from the Hack- ensack to the Passaic rivers, seven miles north of their intersection, comprising five thousand three hundred and eight acres of ujiland and ten thousand acres of meadow. For this grant, which was the fa- mous "Neck" of the early town rec- ords of Newark, he agreed to pay twen- ty pounds sterling per annum "in lieu of the half -penny per annum forever." On the July 20 following, he purchased from the Indians all their right and title to the same tract. Nathaniel Kingsland, sergeant- major of the Island of Barbadoes, became interested in this purchase ; and from the fact that in the Newark town records, un- der date of September 29, 1671, the free- holders of Newark were empowered to "Buy the Neck of Captain William Sand- ford or his Uncle or Both if they Could Agree for it and pay what they shall en- gage," it has been conjectured that Alajor Kingsland was William Sandford's uncle. Of his other relations it is known that, Oc- tober 9, 1676, the authorities at New York granted Captain William Sandford letters of administration on the estate of Robert Sandford, of Barbadoes, "his nephew," who "by an unhappy accident came to be drowned in the harbour near this city and died intestate." William Sandford received the confirmation of his grant from the Dutch, August 18, 1673. He was offered a place on the Council of Governor Philip Carteret in 1669. but declined this. When the Dutch finally relinquished the province, Governor Cartaret returned, and Mr. Sand- ford then accepted a position in his Coun- cil, November 6, 1674, and retained this for a number of years. Royal proclamation con- tinued him as a councillor in the instructions to Governor Thomas Rudyard, December 10, 1682, and in those of Gawen Lawrie, February 28. 1684. In the last appointment he is spoken of as "Major" William Sand- ford ; his title of captain was conferred upon him July 15, 1675, while he was residing at Newark, and acting as captain of militia. He married Sarah Whartman. and had chil- dren : Nedemiah, Katherine, Peregrine. William, Grace and Elizabeth. William M. Sandford, a descendant in the sixth generation of Captain William Sand- ford, was born in Belleville, New Jersey, April 3. 1798, and died there in 1888. He was a manufacturer of carriages, and at one time a member of the State Legislature. He married Mary Spear Dow, who died April 104 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY 24, 1894, and who was a daughter of John Dow and Anna Bruen Dow. They had five children. Theodore Sandford, son of WiUiam M. and Mary Spear (Dow) Sandford, was born in Belleville, New Jersey, August 26, 1819, and died in the same town, February 26, 1910. .Vt the time he commenced to at- tend school there was but one in the town of his birth, and this was located in a two- story, stone building, situated just in front of the present lecture room of the Dutch Reformed church, the school being conduct- ed in the lower part of this building by Jere- miah T. Bowen, who was paid every three months by the parents for the tuition of their children. This, and later two other private schools, were patronized until the introduc- tion of the public school system, September 4, 1852, when Mr. Sandford was selected a^ one of the first school trustees. Upon the completion of this part of his education Mr. Sandford was apprenticed to learn the wheelwright's trade, but his brilliant mind was not satisfied with mere manual labor, and he employed all his spare time in reading law. He became a commissioner of deeds, wrote numerous wills and other legal docu- ments, and was the legal adviser of many. For a period of more than fifty years he was a country squire and justice of the peace, in which offices he probably served longer than any other man in the State of New Jersey. He was a member of the board of freeholders, and one of the first directors in the Merchants' Mutual Insur- ance Company of Newark. Throughout his life Mr. Sandford took an active part in community affairs, and he exercised a marked influence in the development of both his city and county. He was a pioneer in local improvements and guarded with jealous care the interests of the tax-paying public. He was a strong supporter of the Republican party, a member of the Masonic fraternity, and attended the Reformed church. He wielded a graceful and facile pen, was well informed upon historical top- 105 ics. and was the author of a well written chapter upon the "History of Belleville Township," which appears in Shaw's "His- tory of Essex and Hudson Counties," which was published in 1884. Mr. Sandford married, November 16, 1842, Margaret Leah, the youngest child of Abram and Maria (Spear) Van Riper, and their surviving children are : Helen A., Ar- thur Ellison, Sarah A. and Eliza Mary. Several died in infancy. Mr. Sandford was devoted to his wife and children. He was gracious and hospitable in his home, sincere and earnest in his religious faith, and so honest and honorable in all the affairs of his life, that the faintest breath was never raised to question his integrity. BONNELL, Samuel. Jr., Prominent Coal Merchant, Financier. In the character of Samuel Bonnell Jr., of Elizabeth, New Jersey, were united in an unusual degree enthusiasm, ambition and a resistless energy, combined with striking executive ability. He was a son of Sam- uel and Cornelia (Bringherst) Bonnell. of Philadelphia. Samuel Bonnell Jr. was born in Philadel- phia in 1824, and died in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1885. A part of his education was acquired in a school conducted by Quakers, in Philadelphia, and he then completed it in a school in Hamburg, Germany, where he became a master of the German language. Upon his return to Philadelphia, he became associated in the coal business with the firm of Robert Walton & Company. In 1852 he accepted the position of superintendent of the Black Diamond Mine, at Wilkesbarre, and three years later established himself in the coal business in the city of New York. .So successful was he in this enterprise that, at the time of his death, he was the largest in(lcj)endent coal merchant in New York. I le was a director of the National Fire and Marine Insurance Company of .America ; one of the organizers and vice-president of CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY the Dime Savings Institution of Elizabeth, New Jersey. His New York firm was known as S. Bonnell Jr. & Company, and for some time after he was established in New York he continued his connection with the coal business in Philadelphia, the firm being known as Van Dusen, Morter & Company. He dealt mainly in Wyoming and Lehigh Valley coal. He was well known througliout the coal trade, and had large affiliations with the shipping. For many years his office w-as in the Trinity Building, and was the center of the commission coal trade of New York. While living in Philadelphia he was a mem- ber of the Volunteer Fire Department. Af- ter removing to Elizabeth, he took an active part in public afifairs of that town. He was a member of the Elizabeth board of educa- tion, and at one time was candidate for the office of mayor, but was defeated by Peter Bonnett. He was a leading worker in be- half of a number of charitable institutions, and served as vestryman in St. John's Church for many years. Mr. Bonnell married, November 30, 1854, at Narrows, Long Island, Mary S. Oliver, the Rev. Michael Schofield officiating. Chil- dren of this marriage: Children of thi- marriage : Adelaide and Russell. Mr. Bonnell was a man of great public spirit. Every pro- ject, which had for its object the improve- ment of the community in any direction, was assured of his hearty support and co-opera- tion, and he contributed generously, not only of his time, but also of his means. To the needy and distressed ; he was ever a fatherly friend, but his charities were al- ways bestowed in as unostentatious a man- ner as conditions would permit. In every thought and deed he was truly a Christian gentleman. MOSES, John, Man of Affairs, Financier. John Moses, late of Trenton, New Jer- sey, was not merely a business man who ac- quitted himself with dignity, fidelity and honor, in the various responsible positions he was called upon to fill, but he was a thor- oughly practical and true type of a self made man. A man whose natural abilities would secure him prominence in any community, he won the approbation and esteem of his fellow citizens. His work was widely ex- tended, and will be felt for many years to come. He was a son of David and Anne (McFarland) Moses, the former an Eng- lishman of Welsh descent, the latter a na- tive of Scotland. John Moses was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, December 24, 1832, and died in Trenton, New Jersey, January 21, 1902. He was educated in the common schools of his native country, and lived there until he was eighteen years of age. Having by that time come to the conclusion that there was but little opportunity for an ambitious, energetic young man to advance to any degree in Ire- land, he determined to emigrate to Ameri- ca. He arrived at Philadelphia in 1850 and was fortunate enough to obtain a position as invoice clerk with a firm of importers, Levy & Company, at that time one of the largest concerns of its kind in the country. Subsetjuently he obtained a practical knowl- edge of mining operations near Shamokin, Pennsylvania. He removed to Trenton, New Jersey, in 1855, and there became book- keeper for Henderson G. Scudder, a posi- tion he retained until President Lincoln's call for three months' men in 1861. Hav- ing served his time in Company A, Nation- al Guard of New Jersey, from 1861 to 1863, he returned to Trenton and resumed his work. During the summer and early fall of 1863 he paid a visit to his native land, and upon his return to Trenton, purchased the pottery w^orks which had been estab- lished by William I. Shreve, but had not proved profitable in his hands. Mr. Moses associated Isaac Weatherby and S. K. Wil- son with himself, in his conduct of this en- terprise, and as they employed a man from Glasgow to .superintend the workings of the factory, they gave it the name of the Glas- 106 >- . CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY gow Pottery, and manufactured all kinds of wares. Mr. Moses was connected with this enterprise until his death, and it proved to be a very profitable investment. His suc- cess in this line of industry was recognized by others in the same field, and he served for a long time as president of the National Potters' Association. He was interested in a number of financial enterprises, in all of which his business acumen was recognized, and he was for several years president of the Mechanics National Bank. His social membership was with the Trenton Country Club, and he was for a period of forty years a vestryman and warden of St. Michael's Protestant Episcopal Church. A large por- tion of the later years of his life were de- voted to travel, and he had gone several times to the Pacific coast, and visited almost every State in the Union. He also made almost yearly trips to Europe. Mr. Moses married, in Trenton, New Jer- sey, April 20, 1865, Olivia Gardner, born in 1839, a daughter of Mortimer Paul and Sarah Stratton (Gardner) Forman, and they had children : Howard B., born July 5, 1866; Arthur G., born March 21, 1868. was graduated from Princeton University in the class of 1891 ; Frederick J., born Septem- ber 22, 1870, was graduated from Prince- ton in 1892; Walter, born May 10. 1872, was graduated from Princeton in 1895 ^ Hel- en G., was educated at Miss Porter's School in Farmington, Connecticut ; Annie F., died in infancy. Mr. Moses was a man of gen- uine business ability, whose judgment was never warped, nor his foresight clouded. The salient features of his character were exemplified in his career, which was one of usefulness and honor. No better descrip- tion could be given of him than that con- tained in the words : "He was a manly man." STOCKTON, Dr. Charles Stacy, Leader in Commimity Affairs, Iiitteratenr. Dr. Charles Stacy Stockton, whose death at the end of a long and useful career was a severe shock to the community in which he resided, had added greatly to the prestige of his family name, which had already been lionored by many distinguished bearers. He was the dean of the dental profession in New Jersey, and the excellent work he ac- complished has left its mark on dentistry throughout the world. His family, which was an ancient one in England, appeared in this country in the early Colonial days, the progenitor of this branch being Richard Stockton, who was of Charleston, Massa- chusetts, in 1639. He was one of the orig- inal patentees of Flushing, Long Lsland, where he was a lieutenant in the Horse Guards, and a man of wealth and influence. Later he became a member of the Society of Friends, sold his Long Island property, and purchased twelve hundred acres of land in Springfield township, Burlington county. New Jersey, where he died about 1706. He married Abigail , who was living in 1714, and may have been his second wife. Stacy Stockton, of the sixth generation in this country, and father of Dr. Stockton, married Eliza Rossell. Among other noted ancestors of Dr. Stockton were Richard Stockton, one of the signers of the Decla- ration of Independence, and the grandson ot this Richard, Robert F. Stockton, known as "the Commodore," whose work had great effect in shaping this history of our country. One of the public schools in Orange has been named in honor of this family. Dr. Charles Stacy Stockton was born in Springfield township, Burlington county, New Jersey, December 17, 1836, and died at his home at No. yj Harrison street. East Orange, New Jersey, September 9, 191 2. He received his education at Pennington Seminary, from which he was graduated as the valedictorian of his class, and early evinced a fondness for scientific study, and displayed remarkable mechanical skill, two attributes which well qualified him for the profession of dentistry which he was desir- ous of studying. He commenced his studies in this direction under Dr. C. .A. Kings- bury, of Mount Holly, and continued them 107 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY at the Penn College of Dental Surgery, from which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. He commenced his independent practice at Mount Holly, where he became the successor of Dr. Kings- bury, and continued there until 1873. in which year he removed to Newark, New Jersey. He has since confined his practice to that city, but for several years prior to his death had a beautiful home in East Orange. It was mainly through his efforts that the New Jersey Dental Society was organized, and he was the last charter mem- ber on the rolls. His interest in this society never abated, and unless illness or distance prevented, was never absent from a meet- ing. He was also a charter member of the Central Dental Association, a local society of Newark, and these two societies are con- sidered the most successful of their kind in the country. He was a member of the American Dental Association, and at one time its first vice-president. He was a mem- ber of the American Medical Society, the Odontological Society of New York City, the Stomatological Society, and the First District Society of New York, in the activi- ties of all of which he was a leading spirit, his addresses being listened to with the great- est attention, and earning well deserved com- mendation. In 1903 he was tendered a com- plimentary dinner in New York City, which was one of the largest gatherings of its kind ever held, approximately three hundred people being present, among these prom- inent men from all parts of the country. In many complimentary dinners since that time Dr. Stockton was one of the principal speakers, and was always certain of an in- terested and attentive audience. He was se- lected as one of the fifteen prominent den- tists of the country to organize and bring in- to successful existence the World's Colum- bian Congress, of which he was one of the vice-presidents. For the long period of fifty- nine years he had been in the active practice of his profession. Dr. Stockton took great interest in the interchange of dental licenses between the several states. In 1873 ^"^ again in 1903 he was a member of the State Board of Registration and Examination in Dentistry. Through his personal efforts the first thirteen hundred dollars was collected for the establishment of the Newark Free Dental Clinic. He was the first to move in the interests of Newark's present fine Free Library and the establishment of the Newark Technical School. He was fre- quently called upon to make addresses be- fore colleges and seminaries, some of his most prominent ones being: "Great Believ- ers," which the Rev. Dr. Theodore Cuyler said should be in the hands of every young man in America. His address at Penning- ton Seminar}' on "Right Thinking and Good Living," also attracted widespread atten- tion. His writings also were recognized as possessing merit of high order. Among his addresses and essays in published form we find : "Dentistry and Something Else," "Culture," "Failures," "The Young Man of Today," "The Autobiography of a Cent," "Great Believers," etc. He always showed a commendable interest and activity in the affairs of the Republican party, but although he was frequently tendered high public of- fice, repeatedly and consistently refused to accept nomination. Dr. Stockton was a strong Episcopalian and was frequently called upon to represent Grace Church, Or- ange, of which he was a regular communi- cant, at the Diocesan conventions. As a busi- ness man Dr. Stockton also displayed re- markable ability, and was one of the direc- tors of the Merchants' Bank, of Newark, Xevv Jersey. He had not alone a national, but an international, reputation, and shortly before his death had been invited to address the various dental societies of Berlin, Ger- many. Among other organizations with which Dr. Stockton was connected were : The Newark Harmonic Society, of which he was the last president, in 1888; Washing- ton Headquarters' Association, and one of its governors ; Essex County Country Club ; Republican Club of East Orange ; Essex 108 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Qub; City Club of East Orange; St. John's Lodge, No. i, Free and Accepted Ma- sons. He was at one time president of the Newark Board of Trade. He died after an illness from which he had been suffering for some years, and Rev. Charles Thomas Walk- ley had charge of the funeral services, the interment being at Perth Amboy, New Jer- sey. Dr. Stockton was married, at Perth Amboy, September 23, 1857, to Martha An- nah, a daughter of Joel and Hannah (Oak- ley) Smith, and they had children : Frank Oakley, born April 26, 1859; Mary Knighl, born January 21, 1866, married Robert Wal- lace Elliott, a sketch of whom follows this. ELLIOTT, Robert Wallace, Leader in Important Industries. Robert Wallace Elliott holds distinctive prestige as one of the representative busi- ness men of the State of New Jersey. He was an important factor in promoting the interests of the State, in material, moral and aesthetic lines. His ancestors were of Scotch-Irish and Spanish extraction, and included many eminent men, among them being Sir William Elliott, of the Englisli Navy. Since the early part of the nineteenth century, this branch of the Elliott family has been resident in the L^nited States, great- ly to the benefit of the communities in which they have been located. The grand fathei of Mr. Elliott, Alexander Elliott, establish- ed a foundry in Philadelphia about 1825. Alexander Elliott was married to .Xmia Leonard, daughter of Barnard Leonard, in Lam, Ireland. Barnard Leonard was an English officer, and was killed in battle un- der Nelson at the battle of Trafalgar. Alex- ander Elliott, their son, born in Carrickfer- gus, Ireland, married Louisa Wallace, daughter of Joseph Wallace (a soldier in the War of 1812). and Elizabeth Siginan, in Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania. Jacob Sigman, who served in the Revolutionary War, was married to Elizabeth Miller ; their daughter, Elizabeth Sigman, was married to Joseph Wallace, in Easton, Pennsylvania ; Louisa Wallace, their daughter, born in Hanover, Pennsylvania, was married to Alexander Elliott, in Mauch Chunk, Penn- sylvania ; Robert Wallace Elliott, their son, born in Dover, New Jersey. Robert Wallace Elliott, son of Alexander and Louisa (Wallace) Elliott, was born in Dover, New Jersey, July 11, 1856. He was the recipient of an excellent education, which was completed by attendance at Le- high University, Pennsylvania, from which institution he was graduated. He became the manager of the iron mines of his father, in New Jersey, in 1872, and had an active and varied business career. He was the manager of the Delaware Rolling Mills, at Phillipsburg, New Jersey, from 1880 to 1883. On March i, 1885, he removed to Jer- sey City, having formed a connection with the Gas Improvement Company, and in 1899 was elected vice-president and general man- ager of the Hudson County Gas Company. At the time of his death he was the owner of iron mines in Northern New Jersey, and managed these with consummate ability. The welfare of the unfortunate had always en- gaged a goodly share of his time and atten- tion, and he was appointed by Governor Green as a member of the commission hav- ing in charge the erection of a State Re- formatory. His religious affiliation had been with St. John's Church, Dover, New Jer- sey, Grace Episcopal Church of Jersey City, and Grace Church of Orange, New Jersey. Socially he was a member of the Manhattan and the Twilight Clubs, of New York City; Palma and Cartarct Clubs, of Jersey City, New Jersey. Mr. Elliott married in East Orange, New Jersey, August 6, 1894, Mary Knight, a daughter of Dr. Charles Stacy and Martha .•\nnah (Smith) Stockton. He ranked among the foremost business men of the State and in social circles his pleasing per- sonality, culture and genialitv won him manv friends. 109 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY LOCKWARD, Lewis Grover, Financier, Pnblic Official. The life of Lewis Grover Lockward was so closely associated with one community that it is difficult to think of him apart from that environment in which he was so fa- miliar a figure, and upon which he left so potently the impress of his individuality. Born, living out a long life of varied use- fulness, all within the compass of a small town, and only leaving it at the final, inevit- able summons, his influence was intensive rather than extensive, and the significance of his personality lay, not so much in its ability to affect great numbers of his fel- lows, as in the trenchancy with which it was felt within the comparatively small circle that he called home. How strong was this effect may be judged from the fact that all the business houses in his native town, as a mark of respect, suspended all operations during the hour in which his funeral took place. Mr. Lockward's father. Dr. John T. Lockward, was born in New York City in 1808, and studied medicine at the Mary- land State Medical College. From this in- stitution he graduated in 1833, and came to Caldwell, New Jersey, to practice. Here he married Charlotte Personnctte. a native of Caldwell, and here on July 14, 1839, the sub- ject of this sketch was born. Mr. Lockward was educated in tiie schools of Caldwell and vicinity, and in 1867, in his twenty-ninth year, was taken into the firm of Campbell & Lane, manufac- turers of tobacco and cigars. In this busi- ness he continued, with a single break of five years, from 1874 to 1879. until his death, the firm eventually taking the name of the Lane and Lockward Comi)any. Mr. Lockward was a Democrat in poli- tics, and filled many public offices with a rectitude and disinterestedness as admir- able as it is rare. He was in 1872 and 1886 a member of the township committee of Caldwell township when it still included the borough of Caldwell and the township of Verona, and he also ser\'ed on the Board of Freeholders of Essex county, 1874-76, and as collector 1877-79. He was elected the first mayor of Caldwell borough, Feb- ruary 9, 1892, an office which he held for two years, declining a re-election. For six- teen years, from 1882 to 1898, he was a member of the Caldwell Board of Educa- tion, and for nine years its president. Mr. Lockward's activities were of the most var- ied sort, and he took a keen interest in all the affairs of the community, especially in the education of the young people and the conduct of the public schools. He was one of the organizers of the Citizens National Bank, and president of the same until a short time before his death, when, realizing the precarious condition of his health, he refused to sanction his re-election although urged to do so. He was one of the organ- izers and first president of the Caldwell Building and Loan Association, and one of the organizers and a director of the New Jersey Fire Insurance Company. In re- ligion he was a staunch Presbyterian and also a member of the Caldwell Presbyterian Church, of which he was elected parish clerk, December 28, 1878, a position which he held for upwards of thirty years. He was also a trustee of the church and active in urging the present church edifice. Mr. Lock- ward was for many years prominent in the Masonic Order. He joined Caldwell Lodge, No. 59, Free and Accepted Masons, Februarj' 6, 1863, and served as junior warden and worshipful master. Three years later he joined Union Chapter, No. 7, Royal Arch Masons, of Newark, and again in 1870, and was a member of Damas- cus Commandery, Knights Templar, of Newark. In 1891 he became a member of the Masonic Veterans Association of New Jersey. Mr. Lockward married, October 5, 1871, Anna M. Crane, daughter of Zenas C. and Mary (Harrison) Crane, thus establishing connections with some of the oldest fam- M0 ^_ ^. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ilies in the State. Mrs. Lockvvard's ances- tors were, indeed, among the original set- tlers in that part of New Jersey, coming from Connecticut in 1666, and settling in the neighborhood of Newark, where they bought their land directly from the Indians. Mr. and Mrs. Lockward had three sons, two of whom survive their father. They were Lewis Gibson, born August 7, 1872, died December 28, 1875 ; Robert Craiie, bom June 19, 1874; Lynn Grover, born June 15, 1878. Mr. Lockward died on February 13, 1913, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. In his death Caldwell mourns the loss of one of her leading and most public spirit- ed citizens. PEMBERTON, Samuel Hall, Civil AVar Veteran, PubUc Official. It is certainly within the province of true history to commemorate and perpetuate the lives of those men whose careers have been of signal usefulness and honor to the city and State in which they resided, and in this connection it is not only compatible, but absolutely imperative, that mention should be made of Samuel Hall Pemberton, late of Newark, New Jersey, who was of English descent, but devoted himself to the service of this country with a degree of patriotism worthy of emulation. William M. Pemberton, his father, was born in Birmingham, England, emigrated to America in 1829, and made his home in Bloomfield, New Jersey, for about two years. He then removed to Waterbury, Connecticut, and finally settled in the State of New Jersey, where he resided until his death. In England he had been a major in the army, and he was a gold plater by occu- pation. He married Mary Hall. Samuel Hall Pemberton was born in Waterbury, Connecticut. Fcl)ruary i-j, 1837, and died in Newark, New Jersey, January 3, 1903. His education was ac- quired in the schools of his native town and at the O.xford Boarding .ScIukjI. He re- moved to Newark, New Jersey, at the same time as his parents, and there learned the jewelry trade with Palmer Richardson & Company, from whom he went to Ailing Brothers, in the same line of business, and remained with them for a period of twen- ty-five years. At the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted, and was mustered into Company A, First Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, April 30, 1861. Sep- tember 3, 1862, he was enrolled a member of Company C, Twenty-sixth Regiment, New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, mustered in September 18, 1862, and mustered out June 27, 1863, having been captain of this company. From the time of attaining his majority he had been an active worker in the interests of the Republican party. In course of time he was elected to the office of City Clerk, served in this eight years, and was then appointed to a position in the ta.x office, of which he was the incumbent until his death. In 1896, when the Demo- cratic party came into power, Mr. Pember- ton was removed from office, but he car- ried the matter to the courts, and was re- instated under the Veteran Act. He was held in high esteem by all in the commun- ity, and at the time of his funeral services, all the municipal offices were closed. He was a member of Lincoln Post, No. 11, Grand Army of the Republic ; Newark Lodge, No. 7, Free and Accepted Masons ; and the Northern Republican Club. Mr. Pemberton married, October 26, 1864, Jane Root, of Waterbury, Connecti- cut, and they were blessed with one child: Lillian, who married Thomas Austin Bald- win. The death of Mr. Pemberton left a gap in the community not easily filled. He was a man of broad outlook on life, and of the most generous and liberal views. His personality was modest and unassuming, notwithstanding the success he had achiev- ed, and he never varied from the quiet mode of life he had early chosen. Genial and tactful, his intercourse with his friends CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and subordinates was always marked with esteem and consideration, and he won their affection as well as their respect. CADMUS, Stephen Van Cortlandt, Civil War Veteran, Excellent Citizen. Well known in the business and social world of Newark, New Jersey, for many years, was Stephen Van Cortlandt Cadmus, whose life history most happily illustrates what may be obtained by faithful and con- tinued effort in devotion to an honest pur- pose. Integrity, activity and energy woie characteristic of his disposition, and his pa- triotism was of an ardent and enduring kind. He was a descendant of a family whose earlier members had fought in the Revolu- tion, the American progenitor of the family coming to this country from Holland. Thomas Jefferson Cadmus, father of Stephen Van Cortlandt Cadmus, was a famous architect of his day, one of the works he executed being the older portion of the Capitol at Albany, New York. Upon the completion of this work he went to Illinois, then to Wisconsin, where his death occurred. He married Elizabeth Garrison, a member of a family who had lived on the banks of the Hudson many years, and who took an active part in the Civil War. The family later resided at Bellevue, New Jer- sey, near Newark, from which sections the sons enlisted during the Civil War. Stephen Van Cortlandt Cadmus was born in Schenectady, New York, June 8, 1838, and died at his home in Newark, New Jer- sey, in 1901. He acquired his education in the public schools of his native town, then went to Illinois with his mother, to join his father, making the trip by way of the Erie canal. He learned the trade of engraving, but his pursuit of this art was interrupted by his participation in the Civil War. He enlisted in Company H. Second Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, as did also his brothers Henry and Jeffer- son, and his brothers-in-law George R. II: Hard and William Russ. Mr. Cadmus en- listed for three years, then re-enlisted, and served until the close of the war. He was wounded several times, and was sunstruck at the battle of Bull Run. At the close of the war he entered the employ of John H. Bently, as an engraver, and remained at this occupation, until impaired vision obliged him to retire. He was a member of the Royal Arcanum, and of the local post, Cirand Army of the Republic. His intensely patriotic spirit remained with him to the end of his life, and at an advanced age he would still drive to the cemetery on Decora- tion Day to take part in the memorial ser- vices. Mr. Cadmus married, June 15, 1865, Eniilie Victor L'Aigle, whose father, a na- tive of France, was in the government ser- vice there, and then came to America, locat- ed at Newark, New Jersey, and died there. Children : Grace Louise, Gertrude Isabella, Mildred Emilie. COOKE, Watts, Leader in Important Indnstries. While the race is not always to the swift nor the battle to the strong, the inevitable law of destiny accords to tireless energy, industry and ability a successful career. The truth of this assertion was abundantly verified in the life of the late Watts Cooke, who for many years was prominent in rail- road and manufacturing circles. Through his well directed efforts he attained a posi- tion of distinction, not only along the lines of industrial activity, but by reason of his marked loyalty and devotion to the public good. Mr. Cooke gained the highest regard of all with whom he associated. Watts Cooke was born in Matteawan, Dutchess county. New York, November 29, 1833, a son of Watts and Lavinia (Donald- son) Cooke. He attended the common schools of his native place, later accompany- ing his parents to Paterson, New Jersey, where he also pursued a course of study ^'550v;^\s>\V5L CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY in the school adjacent to his home. Being thus well equipped, he entered upon an active business career, his first employment being in the shops of the Rogers Locomo- tive Works in Paterson, where he learned the trade of locomotive builder, but he left prior to the expiration of his term of ap- prenticeship, next entering the employ of Dan forth, Cooke & Company, locomotive builders, of which firm his brother, John Cooke, was a member. While in this em- ploy, he was sent as an expert to Scranton, Pennsylvania, to place in commission and adjust the first coal burning locomotive in use, the same having been built at the works in Paterson with which he was connected. He performed this difficult task in an ex- ceedingly satisfactory manner, gaining for himself the commendation and approval of his superiors in the works. At this time he was offered the position of master me- chanic by Mr. D. H. Dotterer, superintend- ent of the Lackawanna railroad, which of- fice he accepted, performing the duties thereof in a highly creditable manner, rec- ognition of his service being shown in his advancement to the position of superintend- ent of the railroad, under the command oi Mr. John H. Brisbin, then president of the road. After serving in that capacity for a number of years, his tenure of office being noted for efiiciencv and faithfulness to duty, he was appointed superintendent of rolling stock, in which position he served imtil his resignation from the corporation, which was accepted with reluctance on the part of thcisc most concerned. Mr. Cooke then organized the Passaic Rolling Mills, erecting the plant in Paterson, New Jersey, first manufacturing iron and finally steel, which was a successful enter- prise from the beginning, gaining in volume of business and importance with each pass- ing year, becoming in course of time one of the leading industries of that thriving city. Among the many contracts awarded to the concern was the building of a large part of the elevated railroad and the Wash- ington Bridge in New York City, both of which stand as monuments to his skill and ability along these lines. He was a thor- ough master of all that pertained to con- struction work, possessing a constructive mind, which added to natural mechanical genius, and a wide and varied experience, made him a leader in that particular field of endeavor. He possessed all the c|ualifi- cations of an employer, having a strong sense of fairness, dealing with his employees as though they were men, not mere ma- chines, and thus kept in close touch with them, avoiding in this way the strikes so common in these days. He was respected and esteemed by all over whom he had control, they recognizing in him the char- acteristics of a true man. Mr. Cooke, throughout his entire busi- ness career, was looked upon as a man of integrity and honor, fulfilling all his obliga- tions, and standing as an example of what determination and force, combined with the highest degree of business ability, can ac- complish. In early life Mr. Cooke held membership in the Second Presbyterian Church of Paterson, but later he joined with Mr. G. J. A. Coulson in the organization of the East Side Presbyterian Church, to which he thereafter gave liberally of his time and substance. In politics he was al- ways a staunch Republican, taking an ac- tive interest in the councils of his party, but never aspiring to more than local office, in which he served with exceptional ability, preferring to devote his time and attention to his business pursuits. He was an ac- tive factor in community aflfairs, and his worth as a man and citizen were widely acknowledged. Aside from his home life, wliich was ideal, he having been an aflFec- tionate husband and devoted father, he de- rived his greatest pleasure from traveling, which he did to a large extent, and in en- tertaining in his home, he being particularly fond of having yoimg people there, taking a keen pleasure and interest in their pursuits, Mr. Cooke married, on May i, 1856, IT— 8 113 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Emma C. Kressler. of Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania, a daughter of David K. and Eliza (Felfinger) Kressler. She spent her early days in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Children of Mr. and Mrs. Cooke: i. John K.. mar- ried Anna Louise Thome ; he is deceased. 2. Anna Belle, who became the wife of Albert C. Fairchild. 3. Elizabeth Britton. who became the wife of Robert B. Coulson. 4. Emma Dora, who became the wife of Frederick F. Searing. 5. Edward Payson. married Georgie Utley MacRae. 6. Oakley Watts, married Emily S. Hopper. The family home is at No. 728 East Twenty- fifth street, Paterson, New Jersey. Mr. Cooke died September 25, 1900, la- mented and mourned by all who had the honor of his acquaintance, and left behind hi'.n the priceless heritage of an honored name, which is far better than great wealth. As he lived, so he died, always actuated by a spirit of love and duty, and he com- manded the respect and esteem of all with whom he came in contact during his active and useful career. HUNT, Sylvester Henry, A.M., M.D., Physician, Surgeon, Philanthropist. In the medical and other professional circles of the State of New Jersey, the name of Dr. Sylvester Henry Hunt has al- ways been held in the highest esteem as that of a man who has done much to furth- er the interests of the medical profession. He was a son of Henry and Ann Eliza (Mar-ston) Hunt, the former at one time a wholesale druggist, of Troy, New York, where the family resided for some time. Dr. Sylvester Henry Hunt was born in Troy. Rensselaer county. New York, June 21, 1837, and died in New Jersey, May 5, 1 89 1. For some years he was a pupil in the public schools of Troy, then attended the Lansingburgh .Academy, where he ob- tained his classical education. He was but fourteen years of age when he was thrown upon his own resources, owing to the im- paired health and business failure of his father. Nothing daunted, he continued his studies at night school while serving an ap- prenticeship of two years, then entered Charlotteville Seminary, where, in the course of one and a half years, he prepared himself for entrance into Union College. Circumstances combined to prevent his carrying out this idea, and he went to Free- hold, and there commenced teaching school, the results he achieved being so satisfactory that, when he left this town, he had charge of the Freehold .Academy. He earned high commendation while pursuing this career, his work being characterized by the thor- oughness which was a distinguishing mark of his character. In the fall and winter of 1862 he attended lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in New York City, and the following spring successfully^ passed his examination for the post of medical cadet in the United States army. He received a year's appointment to Had- dington Army Hospital, and having attend- ed lectures at the Jefferson Medical Col- lege, Philadelphia, during the winter of this year, was awarded his degree of Doctor of Medicine by this institution. Early in 1864 he was appointed assistant surgeon in the Fifth United States Veteran \'olunteers, First Corps, this being under the command of General \\'infield S. Hancock, and re- mained in the service until one year after the close of the war. During this year he was mainly engaged in detailed duty. He was the medical officer in charge of the Battery Barracks, New York City, during the winter of 1865-66, and at that time completed his third course at the College of Ph.ysicians and Surgeons. The honorary degree of Master of .Arts was later con- ferred on Dr. Hunt bv Claflin University. In the spring of 1866 Dr. Hunt resigned his army commission and established himself in the practice of his profession at Eaton- town, New Jersey, and followed it there successfully for a period of fifteen years. He removed to Long Branch, Monmouth 114 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY county, New Jersey, in the fall of 1881, and resided there until his death. His ex- cellent reputation had preceded him, and almost from the outset of his residence in Long Branch, Dr. Hunt had a large and lucrative practice. He won the affection as well as the confidence of his numerous pa- tients, by his ready sympathy, and the truly human interest in their troubles. He was not merely the skillful physician, but also the wise counselor and the sincere friend, and this endeared him to the hearts of all. The improvement of existing conditions al- ways engaged the especial attention of Dr. Hunt, and he was the leading spirit in the organization of the Monmouth Memorial Hospital, of which he was president at the time of his death. For a long time he served as president of the Long Branch Board of Health, and in this office exerted a marked influence in securing an improved sewage system for this district. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, the State Medical Society of New Jersey, the New Jersey Microscopical Society and the Monmouth County Medical Society. His religius affiliation was with the Methodist Church, and his political support was giv- en to the Republican party. In his earlier years he had been of a thin and wiry figure, but in later years he increased in stature until he weighed three hundrd pounds, and was a man of fine, stately bearing. Dr. Hunt married, at Eatontown, May 26, 1870, Elizabeth S., daughter of John C. and Elizabeth (Swan) Parker, and they became the parents of children as follows: Alice C. L., born May 27, 1871, who died in 1877; Mollie P., born October 4, 1872, died in 1883 ; Sylvester Henry, Jr., born February 3, 1879. Dr. Hunt was a con- spicuous example of success earned by his own talents and industry, and as a citizen he was no less worthy of the esteem and respect he won. No good cause for the betterment of the unfortunate but received his generous support, and the community had in him an exemplar of all the virtues of a good citizen. DOUGLAS, Frederick S., Mamafactiirer, Financier, Philanthropist. The men of deeds are the men whom the world delights to honor, and the man who, out of the resources at his command, cre- ates something which is of benefit to the world at large, is a man of this caliber. How to add to the happiness of the world is the main idea in the minds of such men as the late Frederick S. Douglas, of Newark, New Jersey, who occupied a prominent posi- tion in manufacturing, commercial and financial circles. Frederick S. Douglas, who was a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Rocker fellow) Douglas, was born in Newark, New Jer- sey, October 31, 1844. He entered the public schools of the city at the usual age and was graduated from the high school in the class of 1861. After a slight pre- liminary experience he became associated with his uncle, Mr. L'Hommedieu, in the stationery business, with which he was con- nected until 1866. He then formed a busi- ness partnership with Joseph H. Shafer, for the purpose of manufacturing jewelry, and met with decided success in the conduct of this enterprise. He was personally in- terested in a number of other business ven- tures, among them being the following: Director of the National Newark Bank, also of the Firemen's Insurance Company ; president of the Jeweler's Association of the city of New York, and of the Newark Rosendale Cement Company. He was very active in the interests of the Young Men's Christian Association, and made it a per- sonal matter to assist those young men who were obliged to make their homes with strangers. Mr. Douglas married, June 10, 1868, Jane Wilson, born November 9, 1874, a daughter of Stafford Robert Wilson and Catherine "5 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Chittenden (Woodruff) Heath, and a hneal descendant of Thomas Woodrove or Wood- reeve, who Hved in the reign of Henry VH, and of his descendant, John Woodroff, \'Iio came to America about 1639 and became the American progenitor of the Woodruff family. Mr. and Mrs. Douglas had chil- dren: I. Stafford Heath, born June 22, 1871, died December 31, 1877. 2. Fred- erick Heath, born March 12, 1878; he mar- ried Edith Rossiter, and they have had chil- dren : Elizabeth, born March 9, 1909, and Janet, born June 3, 191 1. The death of Mr. Douglas, which oc- curred suddenly at The Hague, June 7, 1898, was regarded as a great ca- lamity throughout the city of New- ark and in many other places. Practically throughout his life he had been connected with the Bureau of Associated Charities, and had been a personal worker in its be- half. It was not alone that he gave liberal- ly of his time and means, and his personal efforts in this cause were of far-reaching effect. He was a member of the Dutch Reformed Church of Newark, and was a generous contributor to the city and nation- al churches. A devoted lover of fine arts, he was especially fond of music, and for a period of twenty years was organist in the Clinton Avenue Reformed Church. As a citizen Mr. Douglas was esteemed by all, and always sustained the character of a true. Christian gentlemen. Principles of the strictest integrity were the foundation of all his business transactions, and every trust was carried out with fidelity. WALKER, John A., Mannfactnrer, Enterprising Citizen. The name of Walker is one which is well known, not alone in Jersey City, New Jer- sey, but in every corner of the civilized world. It is closely identified with some of the most important industries of recent years, and the members of this family have been noted for their general excellent busi- ness qualities, and for their humanitarian ideas in every direction. These superlative- ly fine traits have been transmitted in full measure to the late John A. Walker, who, all his life, did much to further the interests of the community in which he resided. John A. Walker was born in New York City, of Scotch parents, September 22, 1837, and died at his home in Jersey City, New Jersey, on May 23d, 1907. His elementary education was acquired in the public schools of Brooklyn, New York, af- ter which he was prepared for entrance to college at a private school. A business life, however, appealed to him more strong- ly than the years he would be obliged to devote to study were he to enter college, and at the time of the outbreak of the Civil War, he had already acquired some reputa- tion in the business world of New York. He gave his services whole-heartedly to the cause of his country, as he did everything else, and when this war had been terminat- ed, Mr. Walker again turned his attention to business pursuits. In 1867 he became associated with the firm of Joseph Dixon & Company, in Jersey City, manufacturers of graphite products, and this connection was unbroken until his death. He removed his residence to Jersey City, about this time, and there made his permanent home. In 1868 the firm was incorporated, becoming the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company, of which Mr. Walker was secretary and man- ager, a dual office he filled until 1891. In that year he was unanimously elected by his associates as vice-president and treasurer, he having practically filled the latter posi- tion for a considerable length of time. He discharged the duties of these two offices during the remainder of his life, in addition to assisting in the general management of the concern. It was owing to his executive ability, which was of an unusually high order, that the affairs of the company, which were in a very unsatisfactory condi- tion when they were entrusted to his hands, were placed on a very satisfactory founda- 116 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tion, in a comparatively short time, and the concern now has a world-wide reputa- tion. Mr. Walker was one of that class of men who recognize the full value of every mo- ment, and never allow one to remain idle. Although the business spoken of made many demands upon his time and attention, this but appeared to inspire him to further effort, and he was actively identified with a number of other leading enterprises. Among these may be mentioned : \'ice-pres- ident of the Colonial Life Insurance Com- pany ; director in the New Jersey Title and Guarantee Company, Pavonia Trust Com- pany, and Provident Institution for Sav- ings ; president of the Children's Friend So- ciety, all these of Jersey City ; trustee of the Stationers' Board of Trade, of New York ; vice-president of the National Stationers' and Manufacturers' Association; was a member of the Chamber of Commerce of New York, and of the Board of Trade of Jersey City ; chairman of the executive com- mittee of the Cosmos Club of Jersey City ; member of the Carteret and the LTnion League clubs of Jersey City, and the Lin- coln Association, of the same place ; mem- ber of the National Geographic Society ; as.sociate member of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, and of the Society for Psychical Research. In political mat- ters Mr. Walker gave his undivided sup- port to the Republican party. He never aspired to public office, although he was frequently tendered it. The only instances in which he made an exception to this was in the cause of education, in which he was deeply interested. He was a member of the Jersey City Board of Education twice, be- ing chosen president of that honorable body (luring his period of service, and he also held office as one of the trustees of the Jersey City Public Library. He excelled as a writer, and would undoubtedly have made his mark in the world of literature, had he chosen to devote his mental powers to that field. He was a born orator, and ii; was in frequent demand as a public speaker on important occasions. The "Colonial News," the official organ of the Colonial Life Insurance Company of America, devoted its entire first page of the issue which was published shortly after the death of Mr. Walker to an article en- titled "His Words Abide," which reported some of the speeches of Mr. Walker. It also printed the following letter, written bj the manager of the above-mentioned com- pany to the president of the same corpora- tion : "New Brunswick. N. J.. May 27, 1907. "Ernest J. Heppenheimer, Esq., President : "Dear Sir : — While the Company is to be con- gratulated upon almost reaching its tenth anni- versary without a visitation of death among us, its officers, still it will be more than acknowl- edged, when the grim reaper did appear, he aimed high and hit a shining mark when he gathered to his fathers the gentle, ennobling, inspiring John A. Walker, Second Vice-President of the Com- pany. The writer learned much from his char- acter. He was as sweet as country cream. His eyes, his face, his words seem before me and I think I can still hear his gentle, simple words — "without malice," pointing the road to success. He was a worker, and worked in sympathy with all mankind, for he was a believer in the free and equal. When his remains are committed to mother earth, no sweeter sod was ever trod by man than the one that will cover John A. Walk- er. With sincere sympathy and respect. I am. "Respectfully. "(Signed) J. Hughes, Manager." The official announcement of the death of Mr. Walker was made to the field force of the Colonial Life by its president, E. J. Tieppenheitner, and one cannot but mark its sad eloquence : "Hardly past the threshold of our tenth year and grateful for the unusual immunity a kind Providence has thus far bestowed on the official family of this company, it becomes my sad duty to announce the death of our much beloved sec- ond vice-president, John A. Walker. * * * The members of the field staff, who will long re- member his genial presence at our annual con- ventions, which he invariably attended, though often with great danger to his health, will re- ceive this sad intelligence with profound sorrow. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY To the officers and directors of this Company, in whose councils his opinions and judgment were accorded deserved respect, the death of John A. Walker comes as a great personal loss." A noted biographer wrote of Mr. Walker as follows: "In intellect he was keen, clear, critical, intui- tive. In business he was thoughtful, cautious in looking ahead and preparing for emergencies. He had what is known as a wiry organization. His moral brain made him a just man. He was of the staunch Presbyterian school. What he be- lieved to be right he did— no matter what others might do or say. Yet he was not contrary, nor set in his ways, nor unreasonable. While his sympathies were keen and easily aroused, and his hand ready to open, yet no one found him wasting anything. He was shrewd, energetic, liberal minded, and greatly enjoyed a good joke and plenty of fun in its place. Nothing escaped his eye." MYERS, James Lawrence, Noted Money Expert, Ideal Citizen. In the career of the late James Law- rence Myers, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, we find many points well worthy of emulation. He was equally well known in the business and social life of the cities with which he was connected, and had gained a reputation second to none. Both nature and education had well qualified him for the arduous hne of business he had chosen as his vocation. Himself a typical example of that keen and large-minded business man who carries the weight of aiTairs of the utmost importance, he was ever ready to undertake another burden, if by so doing he might by deed or example benefit or further any movement pointing towards the betterment of indus- trial or municipal conditions. James Lawrence Myers, son of William T. Myers, was born in Philadelphia, in 1847, 3nd died at his home in Elizabeth, New Jersey. He was educated in the pub- lic schools of his native city, being gradu- ated from the high school, and was engaged in business there until he was twenty-five years of age. He then came to New York City, in order to increase his business ex- perience, and there became associated with the firm of Handy & Harman, who were leading brokers on the Stock Exchange. Mr. Myers became well known on Wall street, New York City, being considered one of the greatest coin and money experts in the country. He was frequently consult- ed by others, and his opinion considered au- thoritative. Banks, and even the United States Treasury, called him in consultation. The cause of education always had his lib- eral support, and he was a member of the board of trustees of the Pingry School in Elizabeth, at the time of his death. He v/as a devout member of the Westminster Church, and contributed liberally to the support of that institution. He was a mem- ber of the Viking Boat Club, and filled the dual office of captain and vice-president in that organization ; he was also a member of the Mattano Club, and the Elizabeth Ath- letic Club, being especially active in the last mentioned. He removed to Elizabeth, New Jersey, about 1879, and at the time of his death was living at No. 840 Broad street, where his widow and children are still le- siding. Mr. Myers married Amelia O. Allen, and had children : Cornelius T. ; Allen F., mar- ried ; Mary H., married : James L. ; Mar- garet F. HOWE, Dr. Edwin Jenkins, Physician, Man of Broad Charity. A well known member of the profession of medicine was Dr. Edwin Jenkins Howe, who was born in Orange, New Jersey, July 2, 1849, and was found dead in his bed in his home at No. 22 East Kinney street, on the morning of March 14, 1905. Rev. John MoflFat Howe, M.D., father of Dr. Edwin Jenkins Howe, was noted as a dentist, and gained an especial reputation as a local preacher in the Methodist Epis- copal Giurch. He married Emeline Barn- ard, a daughter of Barzillai and Susan 118 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY (Barnard) Jenkins. Major Bezaleel Howe, grandfather of the Dr. Howe of this sketch, served in the Continental army seven years, and in the United States army, as it was known after the Revolution, for a period of fourteen years. He was an auxiliary lieutenant in the Life Guards of General George Washington, and a mem- ber of the commander-in-chief's army fam- ily during the last years of the Revo- lutionary struggle. At the close of the war, while he was still holding the rank of cap- tain, he was in command of the escort which took the baggage and papers of Gen- eral Washington from New York to Mount \'ernon. In the rooms of the New Jersey Historical Society in Newark, New Jersey, there is on file Washington's letter to Cap- tain Howe, a document covering three pages of foolscap, giving full instruction concerning the transportation of the bag- gage. Captain Howe was retired with the rank of major after twenty-one years of continuous service. The name of Howe was written How, as shown in the Lake country of England. Da La Howe was originally the name of the family when it came over with William the Conqueror, and it meant, as then written, literally "from the hills." It was ]\Iajor Howe who added the final "e" to the name, and this spelling has been retained by the succeeding generations. Dr. Howe's father was one of the first members of the State Board of Education, and was active in the establishment of the State Normal School. The first of the family to settle in this country was John How, who came here in 1635, and was the first settler in Marlboro, Massachusetts. One of his sons was Colo- nel Thomas Howe, the great-grandfather of Major Bezaleel Howe, mentioned above. Many of this family have distinguished themselves in military and professional life. Dr. Edwin Jenkins Howe s])L'nt his early childhood in the city of New York, although the vacations were passed at the summer home of the family in the Oranges, New Jersey. Later the family removed to Passaic, New Jersey, where Dr. Howe completed his preparatory education. Hav- ing decided to make the practice of medi- cine his life work, Dr. Howe prepared for college at the Wilbraham, Massachusetts, Academy, and then became a student at the Wesleyan University at Middletown, Con- necticut, from which he was graduated in the class of 1870. He next matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, from which he was gradu- ated with honor in the class of 1873. He had become greatly interested in the Home- opathic School of Medicine, followed this line of study, and was graduated from the Homeopathic College. His hospital prac- tice was obtained in the city of New York, where he served an interneship of one year, and in 1876 he established himself in the practice of his profession in Newark, with which he was successfully identified for many years. In many respects he was a leader along the lines of homeopathic prac- tice, served as an early president of the Homeopathic Society of New Jersey, read many papers on a variety of topics that were of interest to the medical profession and was a liberal contributor to medical j>ublications. Dr. Howe took the natural interest of a good citizen in all matters connected with ])olitical affairs, giving his support to the Republican party, but neither desired nor held a political office. Educational matters had his hearty support, and he accomplish- ed excellent results as a member of the board of trustees of the Newark Academy. He was a member of the Sons of the Amer- ican Revolution, the Essex Club and the New Jersey Historical Society. He was an efficient and consistent worker in the inter- ests of the Central Methodist Gnurch, in which he held an official position for years, and was also superintendent of the Sunday school. Dr. Howe married, November 18, 1875, Sarah Louise, a daughter of Henry and Sarah .'^immons, of Passaic, and thev had 119 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY no children to survive them. Mrs. Howe was an invalid for many years. Dr. Howe was a man of courage and sincerity in his profession, and won the esteem of his brethren in the medical fraternity. He was well informed upon the leading topics of the day as well as on matters connected with his professional work, and his efforts were always on the side of improving ex- isting conditions. He practiced warm- hearted charity in thought, work and deed, and always displayed an ability more than adequate for all he undertook. As a phy- sician he effected some remarkable cures, and he had the affection, as well as the con- fidence, of his numerous patients. HAMILL, Edward Holman, M.D., Soldier, Physician. Poet. Dr. Edward Holman Hamill was born in the parsonage of the Methodist Episcopal Church South at Talladega, Alabama. Octo- ber 25, 1843. He was the son of Rev. Ed- ward Joseph Hamill, an eminent clergyman of the South, and Anne J. Simmons, daugh- ter of Colonel Simmons, of Georgia. At the age of twelve he chose as his life work the profession in which afterwards he became distinguished. He was prepared for college at the John's Academy, Tus- kegee, and at Professor Slaton's Academy, Auburn, Alabama, and entered East Ala- bama College, which has since become the Alabama Polytechnic Institute. The out- break of the Civil War interrupted his col- legiate course, and he entered the Confed- erate army in 1861. He continued in the service with credit to himself and the State until the close of the strife. He was first appointed regimental quartermaster-ser- geant and later became a first lieutenant. He was present in all the important battles of the West under the command of Genci- als Johnson, P>ragg and Hood. At the close of his military career in 1865 he began the study of medicine with Drs. Reed and Drake, of Auburn. Alabama. He entered the medical department of the 120 University of New York, from which he graduated in 1868 with the first honors of his class. His thesis on "The Practise of Medicine in Renal Urinalysis and Renal Pathology" elicited high commendation by the profession. He practiced medicine on Long Island, New York, until 1876, when he moved to Jacksonville. Illinois, and con- tinued his practice there. In the year 1886 he accepted the position of assistant medi- cal director in the Prudential Life Insur- ance Company, Newark, New Jersey, and subsequently became the chief medical di- rector. The Doctor was a man of impressive per- sonality, strong mentality and inflexible purpose. He was in active sympathy vv'ith every movement in the community which made for righteousness. He was an effec- tive public speaker, a wise counselor, and a man of commanding influence not only within the circle of his profession but also in the Church and State. He was liberal in his judgment of men, but exacted the most open sincerity. His benefactions were as large as his modesty which concealed them from public applause. His personal endowments commanded attention and many important interests were entrusted to his care, all of which he handled with fi- delity and ability. He was an ardent Master Mason, and was connected with South Side Lodge, New York ; St. John's, Newark, New Jer- sey : the Mystic Shrine and Mecca Temple of New York. He was a member of sev- eral medical associations in New York, Illi- nois and New Jersey. For two years he was president of the Suffolk County Medi- cal .Association, New York. He was also president (1902-1904) of the Association of Life Insurance Directors of the United States and Canada. He was an active mem- ber of the Microscopical Society of Essex county. New Jersey : the Practitioners' Club, the Roseville Athletic Association, and the Lincoln Club, of Newark, New Jer- sey. His published articles were on med- ical matters relating to life insurance. He Sl^ 3oJ'^.l4^iia-ie i^^r^ jVy^ Q:)ar of a fearless and distinguished Judge." ".\ man of marked honesty and uprightness, a judge of great ability, an excellent lawyer 127 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of high standing in his profession, a man of broad mind and fine character." There can be no more fitting close to this short review than the tribute paid editorially by the "Elizabeth Daily Journal." which said in part : — "Through the death of Judge Joseph Cross. Elizabeth and the State as a whole, lose one of their best-known and respected citizens. His life may be said to have been dedicated to public ser- vice. His early political activities testify to the esteem in which he was held by his fellow citi- zens and by those associated with him in the busi- ness of law making. New Jersey is much in- debted to him for the quality of the service he rendered in the fields of politics and public af- fairs. He had the traits of a judge. He was clear sighted, well balanced and able. His inter- est in his work was most conscientious and un- flagging. He w-as a man of many kindnesses. He was quick to appreciate opportunities for useful- ness and to recognize worth in others. His suc- cess was well merited and widely recognized. Judge Cross was a type of man who, through his good citizenship and staunch Americanism, through the quality of his private life and the worth of his public service, set the State an ex- ample. His influence will continue to be felt among us." ACTON, Jonathan Woodnutt, Lawyer, Public Official. The American line of descent to Jona- than W. Acton, of Salem, began with Ben- jamin .\cton. one of the prominent young men of the Fenwick Colony, who is believ- ed to have arrived on the ship "Kent" from London, landing at New Salem. June 23, 1677. He was a surveyor, also a tanner and currier. He owned land in Saltm bought of John Fenwick, was the first re- corder of the newly incorporated town of Salem, laid out roads, did a large amount of surveying for private owners and for the heirs of William Penn, and in 1729 signed a report of an extensive survey "Benjamin Acton, surveyor of Fenwick Colony and Salem Tenth." He built a brick house in 1727 on his tract on Fenwick street, now East Broadway, Salem, and there resided until death. He was a member of the So- ciety of Friends and is prominently men- tioned in Society affairs as early as 1682. He was married in 1688, his wife Christina bearing him sons and daughters. Uenjamin (2), son of Benjamin and Christina Acton, was born in 1695, and suc- ceeded his father in the tanning business. He inherited the tanyard and homestead, building another and larger residence on the original tract. He married, in 1727, Elizabeth, widow of Thomas Hill. John, son of Benjainin (2) and Eliza- beth Acton, was born Augtist 31, 1729, and succeeded his father in the tanning busi- ness. He married (second) Mary, gran'.- daughter of Charles Oakford and daughter of John Oakford. of Alloway's Creek town- ship. Samuel, son of John .\cton and his sec- ond wife, Mary Oakford. was born No- vember 10. 1764, died in Haddonfield, New Jersey, in 1801. He learned the tanner's trade under his father, but soon abandoned it in favor of mercantile life, conducting a store in Salem in partnership with his half brother, Clement Acton. Later he withdrew from the firm and purchased a tannery at Haddonfield, where he resided until his death. He married Sarah Hall, born in 1768, died in 1852, daughter of William and Sarah (Brinton) Hall. Isaac Oakford, youngest .son of Samuel and Sarah (Hall) Acton, was born about 1800. He abjured the family business, tan- ning, and learned the blacksmith's trade in Pennsylvania, after becoming of legal age opening a shop in Salem on Griffith street. He was a successful business man and in later life kept an iron and hardware stcie in a large three-story brick building which he erected for store and dwelling. Subse- quently he erected a large iron foundry on West Griffith street, the site being part of the Nicholson lot belonging to Salem Monthly Meeting of Friends. He continued in business until his death, one of the lead- ing men of his day and region. He married 128 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Lucy Ann, daughter of Jonathan ami Temperance Bilderback, of Manningtcn townsliip. Salem county. Captain Edward A. Acton, eldest son of Isaac Oakford and Lucy Ann (Bilderback) Acton, was killed in battle, August 29, 1862. He was a captain of the Fifth Reg- iment New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, was wounded at Williamsburg, and met his death while leading his company at the sec- ond battle of Bull Run. He married Maiy, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Woodnutt, a descendant of Richard Woodnutt, who came from England, a member of the So- ciety of Friends who settled within the lim- its of Salem Meeting soon after the advent of John Fenwick, with his wife, Mary (be- lieved to have been Mary Pledger). The line of descent to Alary (Woodnutt) Acton is through the eldest son of the emigrant, Joseph Woodnutt and Rachel Craven, his wife: their son, Richard Woodnutt and his wife, a Miss Walmsley : their son, Jona- than Woodnutt, and Sarah Mason, his wife : their son, James Mason Woodnutt, and his wife, Margaret Carpenter ; their son, Jona- athan Woodnutt, and his wife, Mary Good- win : their daughter, Mary Woodnutt mar- ried Captain Edward A. Acton. Children : Walter W., Isaac Oakford, and Jonathan W., of further mention. Jonathan Woodnutt Acton, youngest son of Captain Edward A. and Mary E. (Woodnutt) Acton, was born in Salem, November 8, 1857, died in his native city, May 6, 1907. "Salem has had many sons who left their impress on her history, but among them all there was none who seived more faithfully and none who shone bright- er in her business, professional, or social life than Jonathan W. Acton." He was ed- ucated in the Friends Academy and the high school at Salem, then for three years atteiid- ing the United States Military Academy at West Point, made a student in that in- stitution by appointment of Congressman Clement H. Sinnickson. Upon his return to Salem he read law with Albert H. Slape, successfully took his legal examinations, and was admitted to the New Jersey bar as attorney in 1884, becoming a counsellor in 1887. Until 1890 he pursued general prac- tice in Salem, when by appointment of Governor Leon Abbett he became Prosecu- tor of the Pleas for Salem county, being reappointed in 1895, his entire service in this capacity covering a period of ten yeais. In 1900 Mr. Acton resumed private prac- tice, and so continued with brilliant success until his death, most successful as an advo- cate, and winning a very large proportion of his cases. He was thorough in the prep- aration of his argument, in procedure free from the slightest suggestion of subterfuge, and in himself the soul of honor, dependmg entirely upon the proven facts in his case and their earnest, eloquent presentation io convince judges and juries. He loved his profession, but responsibilities as a citizen were equally binding upon him, and for twelve years he was chief executive of his native city, 1885 to 1897. He was re-elcct- ed for a fifth term, (an honor conferred upon no other man in the history of the city), but it was discovered that he could not legally hold the mayor's office and also the county office of Prosecutor of the Pleas, therefore he refused to qualify for his fifth term, its council electing his successor. He also served a term as member of the Board of Education (1901). As executive he was careful, but pro- gressive, his official career being one that in- spired public confidence. As prosecutor he performed the duties of that often unpleas- ant position without shrinking and with un- faltering courage, ever placing duty and the right above personal consideration. A.-> a lawyer he grew constantly in public favor, his services as an advocate and counsellor being in continuous demand, and he appear- ed in many iinportant cases in Salem and adjacent counties. In the social and fra- ternal life of his city no one was more pop- ular or welcome. He was a past master of Excelsior Lodge, Free and Accepted Ma- II-9 129 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY sons, of Salem, was active in the organiza- tion of the Country Club, and until his death was continuously a member of the board of governors. He was an ardent Democrat, loved the traditions and firmly believed in the principles of his party. He was an efficient party worker and leader, his opinion and advice carrying great weight in political councils. He was, by family ties, a Friend, but his birthright was lost when his father married outside the Society. He was a Friend at heart, his honorable, upright nature responding to the simple, Christ-like faith of that sect. While this review of the life work of one of Salem's honored dead must of necessity omit much that was useful to his fellows, it fully shows that in whatever position Mr. Acton was placed he met every demand made upon him with the complete measure of his ability, and no duty was left unper- formed, whatever the influence that at- tempted to swerve him from its just dis- charge. He was an incorruptible executive, a relentless prosecutor, and the open foe of wrongdoers, but possessed the gentlest of natures, a warm, ready .sympathy, a. id a heart that always responded to the needs of friends or unfortunates. He was univer- sally loved and respected, and years must elapse before another can completely fill the void caused by his death. Salem uni- versally mourned his death, the most per- fect public testimonial being tendered his memory by Judge Clement H. Sinnickson. judge of the courts, and by the members of the Salem County Bar, when at open court session (May 20, 1907) the Judge praised Mr. Acton's legal ability, his elo- quence as an advocate, his ingrained hones- ty, his moral and physical courage, and made reference to his magnetic personality. After others had, with touching earnestness and sincerity, borne witness to his worth as a man and friend, the following resolution was read, adopted, and entered upon the court minutes : "The members of the Bar of Salem County de- sire to express their sorrow for the untimely death of one of their fellow members, Jonathan W'oodniitl Acton, for mofL- tlian twenty years a prominent and successful and useful lawyer but one who has been taken away from among us in what we might well have hoped was the very prime of his life. "Mr. Acton was born in Salem and had lived here during the almost fifty years of his life, and we who were his professional associates and knew him well are glad to bear testimony to our appreciation of his steadfast integrity as a citi- zen, his successful practice as a lawyer, and his useful work as a public officer. "Mr, Acton was distinctively an advocate. He was gifted with a natural, earnest, eloquent ad- dress that was successful with juries in a large proportion of the cases he argued before them. But he was growing steadily as a lawyer, in all respects, until he was stricken with the disease that carried him away." The resolution closed with beautiful ex- pressions of regret and condolence. Jonathan Woodnutt Acton married, July 19, 1890, Frances Blackwood House, who survives him, continuing her residence at the home on Oak street, Salem, that she en- tered as a bride. She and her children are members of the St. John's Episcopal Church. Children : Frances Newlin, born June 14, 1 89 1, now a student in the law department of the University of Pennsyl- vania, class of 1916; Mary, born January 2, 1893, married Pierce Alridge Ham- mond, a druggist of West Chester, Pennsyl- vania, and has a son. Pierce Alridge (2), born in September, 1914: Jonathan Wood- nutt, born July 23. 1894, also a law student at the University of Pennsylvania, class of 1917; Conrad Berens, born September 6, 1902: Margaret Carpenter, born December 23, 1903. (The House Line/) This family name is a contraction of the form "Houseman," and was established in Salem by Jacob House, who came to this city an expert glass blower, a calling he followed for many years in a factory built by Mr. Wistar. He was also a farmer, and 130 (^^Xc*^-c^^iC^ -emocratic, and he was a member of the township committee. Appointed a lay judge of Salem county, he achieved a creditable record in that high position, his service marked by faithfulness and ability. His home life was his greatest joy, and in the companionship of his family he found his one relaxation from business cares and pub- lic burdens. He was an earnest, devout Christian, and held the regard and admir- ation of his fellows. Jonathan House mar- ried Frances Blackwood, and had three sons and two daughters. Jonathan (2), son of Jonathan and Frances (Blackwood) House, was born in Alloway, New Jersey, May 10, 1843, 'he home of his birth the brick house built by the founder of the family, Jacob House, his great-grandfather. As a youth he at- tended the public schools of Alloway town- ship and Eldridgc Hill, afterward a private school in Shiloh, and when nineteen years of age discontinued his studies to take up duties on the homestead, which he culti- vated during his active years. He was at one time a member of the Home Guaid, formed during the Civil War period, and fraternizes with the Independent Order oi Odd Fellows. He is a staunch Democrat Jonathan House (2) married, Novembet 22, 1864, Elmina Ayres, born in 1844, died August 10, 1899, daughter of Elmer and Clemence (Payne) Ayres, her father a son of Ezekiel and Margaret Ayres. Children : George ; and Frances Black"wood, of previ- ous mention, who married Jonathan Wood- nutt Acton. ATWATER, Judge Edward Sanford, Lawyer, Jurist, Philanthropist. The legal profession numbers among its members men of high distinction, scholarly attainments, and wide experience, and prominent among these was the late Judge Edward Sanford Atwater, of Elizabeth, New Jersey. He was a son of the Rev. Lyman H. Atwater, D.D., LL.D., and Sus- an Sanford Atwater. He was a descendant of a distinguished English family, and the American progenitor of the family was David Atwater, who came from the county of Kent, England, and from whom he was descended in the eighth generation. David Atwater was one of the original settlers of New Haven, Connecticut, and both of the parents of Edward Sanford Atwater were natives of that city. His father, the Rev. Lyman H. Atwater, was a graduate of Yale Lhiiversity and the Yale Theolog- ical Seminary, and was prominent as a cler- gyman, instructor and writer. Judge Edward Sanford Atwater was born in Fairfield, Connecticut, on February 8th, 1843, and died on June 3rd, 1913, at his home. No. 511 Westminster avenue, Eliza- beth, New Jersey. When a young lad he removed to Princeton, where his father was for three decades a professor in Princeton 131 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY University. His earlier education was ac- quired in Princeton Preparatory School, after which he matriculated at Princeton University, from which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the class of 1862, and was later awarded the degree of Master of Arts. Later he entti- ed the Columbia University Law School, from which he received the degree of Bach- elor of Laws in 1866, and in the June term of the same year was admitted to the New Jersey bar as an attorney, and as a counsel- lor in the year 1870. He at once estab- lished himself in the practice of his profes- sion in Elizabeth, with which city he was identified until his death. From that date until his death Judge At- water was prominently associated with ilie affairs of the city and of the State, hold- ing many positions of trust and honor, be- ginning with his services as a member of the Board of Education and terminating with his services as Judge of the Union County Court of Common Pleas. In 1872 he was chosen as a member of the Board of Education of the city of Elizabeth, serv- ing in 1873 '^'''d 1874. He was unanimous- ly elected Superintendent of Schools of Elizabeth on May 12, 1877, and served in that capacity until February 11, 1880, when he resigned. In 1883 he was elected a mem- ber of the Common Council of Elizabeth and served until 1889. He was president of the City Council for one term, being elected to that office January i, 1887, and serving until December 31 of the same year. In 1880 he was appointed a member of the State Board of Health by Governor McClel- lan, and served a full term of six years. In July, 1895, he was appointed City Attor- ney of Elizabeth, and in 1896 was ap- pointed Judge of the District Court by Gov- ernor Griggs. In 1901 he was reappoint- ed by Governor Voorhees, and again reap- pointed by Governor Stokes in 1906. In May, 1906, he was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Union county to fill a vacancy, and in 1908 was reappoint- 132 ed to the same office for a full term, by Governor Fort, and served until Januaiy 6, 1913, when his impaired health made his resignation imperative. His interest in working out a solution for the juvenile problem dated from the time of his sitting as judge in the Court of Com- mon Pleas, when many cases of juvenile de- linquency were brought before him. In la- ter years he gave much of his time and at- tention to this problem, and was one of the strongest advocates for the establish- ment of a separate house of detention for the youthful offenders, thus keeping them from contact with older criminals. In social and fraternal life. Judge At- water was prominently identified, particu- larly with the Sons of the American Revo- lution, having been president of the New Jersey State Society for four years from 1909 to 19 1 2 inclusive. He was a member up to the time of his death of the Eliza- bethtown Chapter, No. i, of that society. Among other clubs and societies with which he was affiliated were the New Jersey State Bar Association, the Union County Bar As- sociation, the New Jersey Historical Soci- ety, Princeton Qub of New York, and the Elizabeth Town and Country Club. In church life he was prominent as a mem- ber of the First Presbyterian Church of Elizabeth, and was for many years a pre- siding elder. For nearly twenty years he was superintendent of the Sunday school. He was charitable in the extreme, but his charity was bestowed in an unostentatious manner. Judge Atwater married, in 1876, Ger- trude Vanderpoel Oakley, daughter of Dr. Lewis W. Oakley, of Elizabeth. They had two children — a daughter, Henrietta Bald- win, who married Herbert Underwood Far- rand, and who has two children — Sanford Atwater Farrand and John Carroll Fai- rand ; and a son, Edward Sanford Atwater Jr., an attorney, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, who has two sons — Edward Sanford At- water, (3rd), and Charles Brown Atwater. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY TOWNSEND, Rev. Charles, D.D., Prominent Clergyman, L.itterateor. There is no influence in any community which makes a more permanent impression than that of a beloved and revered pastor, and one of the most beneficent of these, one whose saintliness was admitted by all, whether they were of his flock or not, was the Rev. Charles Townsend, D.D., pastor for almost twenty years of the First Pres- byterian Church of Orange, New Jersey. His family had been prominent in the so- cial and civic life of Buffalo. New York, where his grandfather, the Hon. Charles Townsend, was one of the pioneer settlers, later became one of the first judges in Ni- agara county, and also filled with ability many other positions of honor and public trust in the western part of the State of New York. The name of Townsend is a very an- cient one, and arises from the location of the first man who assumed it as a surname. He evidently resided on the outskirts of some town, and the name originally appears in England as Atte Town's End. The family of Townsend in England and America traces its ancestry to Walter Atte Town- shende, son of Sir Lodovic de Townshend, a Norman nobleman, who came to England soon after the Conquest. Lodovic married Elizabeth de Hauteville, heiress of Rayn- ham, and daughter of Sir Thomas de Hauteville, a portion of whose property came to the Townsend family. In 1200 we find one of the family, William Town- send (or ad cxitnmz'iUe), in Taverham. County Norfolk. Thomas ette-Tunneshen- de (Townsend) lived in the reign of Henry III, 1217-72. at West Herling. William .\;te Tunesend lived in 1292: Thomas in 1714. The family became prominent in Norfolk in the fourteenth century. The coat-of-arms of this ancient family was a chevron between three escallop shells. Rev. Charles Townsend, D.D., was bom in nnffalo. New York, July 13. 1S57. died 133 in Orange, New Jersey, December 14, 1914, and is buried there in Rosedale Cemetery. Having completed the courses of the ele- mentary and high schools of his native city, Mr. Townsend entered upon the field of journalism, with which he was successfully identified until he went abroad with his parents, when he resumed his studies in Belgium, Switzerland and Germany. Mr. Townsend returned to this country after the death of his father in Germany, and commenced the study of theology at the Auburn Theological Seminary, from which he was graduated with honor in the class of 1883. He had been licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Buffalo in 1882. The ability of Mr. Townsend had not remained unnoted, and immediately af- ter his graduation he was called to assume charge of the First Presbyterian Church of Lansingburgh, New York, and was ordain- ed to the Christian ministry by the Presby- tery of Troy in June, 1883. Ten years were spent in this pastorate, during which Rev. Townsend added greatly to his repu- tation. The church funds had been at a very low ebb when he took charge, and when he left they were in a very satisfac- tory condition, and the congregation had greatly increased in numbers. In June, 1893, 'is became pastor of the Woodland Avenue Presbyterian Church at Cleveland, Ohio, which was one of the largest and most influential churches of this denomina- tion in the country at the time. He was installed by the Presbyter}- of Cleveland in June, 1893, but in less than two years re- signed his charge, because the delicate health of a daughter made a residence in Cleveland undesirable. ."Vt this time he ac- cepted a call to the First Presbyterian Qiurcli of Orange, New Jersey, was in- stalled in this historic church by the Pres- bytery of Morris and Orange in May, 1895, and filled this charge until his death. He was not alone popular among the members of his congregation, but with all classes of penjijc, his warm heart and broad mind rec- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ognizing not distinctions of religion when it was a question of assisting a fellow being. He was an elof that institution in Great Britain, known as the Blue Coat School. Captain Henry A. West, father of Charles W. West, was a member of the Twelfth Infantry, in the English army. He married a daughter of Sir James Pitcairn, whose cousin, the Duchess of Roxborough, was lady in waiting to Queen Victoria, and the sixth bridesmaid at the lattcr's wed- ding. He was a cousin of Lord Sackville 138 ^/s^z^r o't^.y CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW [ERSEY West, at one time English Ambassador to the United States, and was descended from the Earl De La Warre, known in history as Lord Delaware, an early settler of Vir- ginia, and founder of the State named after him. Charles W. West, the subject of this re- view, was born April 8, 1834, on board of a man-of-war in the Bay of Trafalgar, at a time when Captain West, accompanied by his wife, was in command of a detach- ment of troops on their way from Gibraltar to England. He died in his home in Eliza- beth, New Jersey, September 17, 1885. He acquired a comprehensive education in the Blue Coat School founded by his grand- father, and, when he had attained man- hood, came to .America. For a time he lived in Brooklyn, .\bout the year 1869 he removed to Elizabeth, New Jersey, where he resided during the remainder of his life. For many years he was a broker, with offices at No. 48 Broadway, New York City, and was also a member of the firm of Leinbach, Wolle & Company, at Trenton, New Jersey, which firm originated the self- opening paper bag, the forerunner for the Union Bag. Mr. West married. May 24, i86g, Louisa A. .Arnold, born in Harrow, England, March 30, 1844, died in Elizabeth. New Jersey, October 21, 1914. The marriage took place in Trinity Church, New York City. Their children were: Louise Harriet, William Ernest, Charles Pitcairn, Con- stance Maude, Henry Dalbiac, .Amy Eliz- abeth, Arthur Pelham, .Alfred Llewellyn, and Reginald .Arnold. Mr. West, although very pojiular in so- cial life, was of a quiet and unassuming disposition. He never discussed his family connections, and preferred to be known as a plain .American citizen. Those who knew him personally held him in warm regard. He thoroughly enjoyed home life, and was devoted to his family and friends. He gave generously to charity, and was always ready to assist anyone in trouble. He was a devout churchman, and his high moral character is deserving of the greatest com- mendation. PETERSON, Benjamin, Citizen of Sterling Character. The history of a State, as well as that of a Nation, consists chiefly of the chronicles of the lives and deeds of those who have conferred honor and dignity upon society, whether in the broad sphere of public la- bors or in the more circumscribed, yet none the less worthy and valuable, of individual activity through which the general good is ever promoted. The names borne by the late Benjamin Peterson and his son, Bertel Peterson, have ever stood for the most sterling personal characteristics, the deep- est appreciation of the rights and privileges of citizenship in our great Re])uhlic. Benjamin Peterson was born in Copen- hagen. Denmark, March i, 1843, and died at his home in Paterson, New Jersey, Jan- uary 30, 19 10. His education was acquired in the schools of his native city, and there he was apprenticed to learn the cabinet maker trade which he followed in Den- mark until he was twenty-four years of age. He then emigrated to .America, deem- ing that better opportunities awaited him here, and for a time made his home in the city of New York, and, in 1869, removed to Paterson, New Jersey, where he con- tinued to work at his trade. For many years he had charge of the carpentering de- partment in the Benjamin Eastwood plant. He was a devout member of the Fourth Baptist Church, and found his chief recre- ation in affairs connected with this institu- tion. He was a deacon and trustee in the church, su{)erintendent of the .Sunday school, and at times a teacher of the Bible class. One of his chief pleasures was en- tertaining the various church members at his own home, which was noted for its openhanded hospitality. He was also a member of the sick visiting committee, and 1.39 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY paid the strictest attention to tlie duties connected with this post. In political mat- ters he was a Republican, and he was a member of the Order of Free and Accept- ed Masons, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Peterson married, in 1869, Mary Baxter, who survives him, and is living at No. 548 East Twenty- fourth street, Paterson. Children : Bertel and Mary. PETERSON. Bertel, Prominent in Mining Enterprises. P.ertel Peterson, son of Benjamin and Mary (Baxter) Peterson, was born in Pat- erson, New Jersey, December 3, 1870, and died at Los Angeles, California. February ID. 1909. He was nine years of age when his parents removed to the house in which his mother is still residing. His education was acquired in his native city, and was a sound and practical one. Shortly after his graduation he com- menced making an especial study of min- ing interests, and then went to Mexico, and was identified with mining enterprises from that time until obliged by ill health to take a much needed rest. This, how- ever was taken too late, and he suffered from overwork, which resulted in the at- tack of typhoid fever which brought on death. He was buried in Ivy Hill Ceme- tery. Philadelphia, and his father was laid at rest beside him in less than a year. The first four years that Mr. Peterson passed in the west were spent in the employ of the Carman Company, of Philadelphia, which had mines at Vilodona. For a short time he was connected with the Guggen- heim mining interests, and then became su- perintendent of the La Forma mine. H? went to Sonora in 1894 to become man- ager for the Grand Central Mining Com- pany at that place, retained this position five years, then associated himself with three other experts, and formed the .\juchitlau Mining and Milling Company. at Auerato, near Monterey. He was also the manager of the El Rayo Mining Com- pany at Chihuahua, Mexico, and while there was seized with his final illness. Mr. Peterson was a member of the Parral For- eign Club, and at the time of his death the club house was draped in black as a mark of respect to his memory. He was also a member of Hiram Lodge, No. 5, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ; a Lodge of Sorrow meeting was held in memory of the departed brother. He was a thirty-second degree Mason, was a member of Texas Consistory, No. 3, Royal and Select Masters ; and of El Maida Temple, Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Peterson had joined the Fourth Baptist Church of Pat- erson, when quite a youth, and he always kept in touch with his Paterson friends, one of the most favored of whom was Dr. J. A. Reinhart, the principal of the local high school. In 1904 Mr. Peterson mar- ried Nellie Neilson, of Philadelphia, who survived her husband, and is now living in Philadelphia with their only child : Bertel Neilson. who was born April 25, 1908. KIDD, Harry J., Prominent Manufacturer and Citizen. It is not always the men who occupy public office who mold public opinion and leave their impress upon public life, but frequently the men who in the performance of their daily duty wield the power that is all the more potent from the fact that it is moral rather than political, and is exer- cised for the public weal rather than for personal ends. Of the late Harry J. Kidd, of East Orange, New Jersey, it may be said that he was one of the prominent busi- ness men in his line in the country, and was a student of business in all of its com- plex and varied interests in relation to the trade of the world. He belonged to that public-spirited, useful and helpful type of man whose ambitions and desires are cen- 140 xXc>v-/\>-^^ * CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tered and directed in those channels through which flows the greatest and most perman- ent good to the greatest number. He was in its highest and broadest sense a patriotic American citizen, with the truest concep- tion of the American idea of the common brotherhood of man. His family was num- bered among the early settlers in this coun- try. Among those families who originally received grants from Lord Baltimore were the Kidds, and this grant of land has come down through the generations to the father of Harry J. Kidd, William Kidd, who was a typical, old-school, southern gentleman, dignified and aristocratic. He married Jane Skippon, of English parentage, a gifted woman, of ability and high ambitions, qual- ities which she transmitted to her four sons and two daughters in rich measure, as their subsequent careers amply testify. Of all the families who originally received grants from Lord Baltimore, there are now left only the Kidd and the Cross families, these estates facing each other across the valley, and they have now been vmited by inter- marriage between the families. Harry J. Kidd was born at Parkton, Bal- timore county, Maryland, about thirty miles from the city of Baltimore, June 13, 1864, and died at his home. No. 26 Prospect street. East Orange, New Jersey, Novem- ber 4, 1914, his death being caused by in- juries received the preceding day in an au- tomobile accident. Until the age of fourteen years, Mr. Kidd's life was spent on the home planta- tion, and he was then sent to Washington, District of Columbia, where he resided at the home of an aunt and attended school, making the best use of his opportunities. The indolent life which he would be oblig- ed to lead on the plantation was not in ac- cordance with the ambitious, energetic na- ture he had inherited from his mother, and he was but eighteen years of age when he decided to make his own way in the world, along busier lines than he would be able to find at home. With an energy deserving 141 of all praise. Air. Kidd obtained for him- self a position as clerk in a leading retail shoe store in Washington, and there learn- ed all the details of the business in the most practical manner, and becaine an ex- pert and valued salesman. In 1892 he form- ed a connection with the firm of Johnston & Murphy, shoe manufacturers, of Newark, New Jersey, and became their representa- tive in the Southern States, having full charge of their business relations there. He largely increased the business of this house, and made many personal as well as busi- ness friends, during his years of activity there. In 1902, in association with Luther B. Snyder, he organized the firm of Snyder & Kidd, retailing high grade shoes at No. 121 1 F street. North West, Washington, District of Columbia. Five years later he was admitted to a partnership in the firm of Johnston & Murphy, of Newark, New Jersey, the other members at that time being Herbert P. Gleason, William J. O'Rourke and George D. Gleason. In 191 1. Air. O'Rourke withdrew from this firm, the Alessrs. Gleason and Mr. Kidd continuing the business. Air. Kidd retain- ed his interest in the retail business in Washington, but gave his personal atten- tion to the affairs of the Newark business. Until 1907 he had made his home in Wash- ington, but at that tiine he took up his res- idence in East Orange, New Jersey, so that he might be near the business which claim- ed the greater share of his attention. He was one of the most popular men in the shoe trade in the country, and owed his rise in this line of business solely to his own efforts. He was a man of fine per- sonal appearance, being nearly six feet in height, and well proportioned. He was of a genial and pleasant disposition, made friends readily, and had the happy faculty of retaining them. He had the respect of all who knew him for his many sterling qualities. He was broadminded and liberal in his ideas, and years of travel had brought him into close touch with human nature in CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY all its phases. He wielded a wonderful in- lluence for good over all with whom he had dealings, and was a gladly welcomed figure in social circles. He found his greatest pleasure, however, in the more confined home circle, was a devoted husband and a loving and indulgent father. He kept well abreast of the times in every respect, giving due thought and study to the public questions of the day, and formed clear and logical deductions. He was generous in his support of all projects which had for their object some worthy cause. For many years he had been an attendant at the Calvary Methodist Church, but during the last years of his life had given much thought and study to Christian Science, in which he had become a firm believer. Mr. and Mrs. Kidd were returning in their electric limousine from a trip through the South Mountain Reservation, when on Mount Pleasant avenue the brake refused to grip, the car was wrecked, and both Mr. and Mrs. Kidd were sent to the Memorial Hospital in Orange, where the death of Air. Kidd occurred. Mr. Kidd married, in Washington, District of Columbia, in Feb- ruary II, 1891, Lillian M. Walker, born in Washington, a daughter of John C. and Margaret J. (Jones) Walker, an old fam- ily of Fairfax, Virginia. They have one daughter, Dorothy, who was born in 190 1. "Modern Shocmaking," at the time of the death of Mr. Kidd, paid him a fine trib- ute, saying in part as follows : "A man of positive character, and honest in the best and largest sense. Mr. Kidd's loss is personal, and profound, in the large circle of friends that made up his business and social as- sociates. His life was such that we inay say with Qiadwick : 'Thanks be to God that such have been though they are here no more.' Those who knew Mr. Kidd best valued him most, and his character will always remain in their memory as a standard of integrity, of high living and high thinking, and an example of constant and unob- trusive devotion to that which was best worth while in this life." ing letter, received by its editor from George L. Starks, who was in Shreveport, Louisiana, at the time, and who was for twenty years a personal friend of Mr. Kidd: "Since last we met the grim old reaper, Death, has gathered another one of our mutual friends to the bosom of his fathers. One whom to know was to love. And, as a prominent shoe retailer of \':ishville, Tennessee, once told me, to count among your friends was an honor, Mr. Harry J. Kidd, of the firm of Johnston & Murphy, New- ark, New Jersey, who a few days ago met such a sad death in an auto accident near his home at East Orange, New Jersey. Harry had travelled for years in the South for Johnston & Murphy, and was loved and respected by all who knew him. His loss is a great blow to me. We had been friends for more than twenty years, and in all that time he was the same cultured, genial gen- tleman, always with a pleasant smile, and a kind word for all. Never once in my long acquaint- ance with him did I ever hear him utter an un- kind word as criticism of his fellow men. It takes no eloquence or words from me to call your attention to his virtues, for to know Harry J. Kidd was to read an open book of true man- hood. He gave to the world, in sunshine and storm, all he had, save honor and manliness, and in return received the confidence, friendship and respect of all who knew him. His memory will live in the hearts of his friends until they, too, are called to answer to that to which he and so many others of my dear friends and comrades have responded. The world is better off be- cause Harry J. Kidd lived, and mankind was blessed with his gentle, loving manner and pure type of manhood. He reflected in mankind the great Master's teaching : 'Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.' " "The Shoe Retailer" printed the foUow- BROWN, Abel Swan, Man of Iiarge Affairs. .Abel Swan Brown, late of Passaic, New Jersey, was a descendant of James Brown, one of the early settlers of Hatfield, Mas- sachusetts. Rev. Abel Brown, father of the Mr. Brown of this sketch, was ordain- ed a minister of the Baptist church in 1837. He was active in the "Underground Railway" to assist slaves on their way to Canada, and in 1839 was appointed agent 142 1L^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEV of the Western Education Society, anii assisted in raising $80,000 to found a col- lege. He had married, in 1835, ^lary Ann Brigham, who was an active worker in the temperance cause, was the founder of the Orphans' Home in Albany, and at tlvj time of her death at the early age of twenty- seven years, editress of "The Golden Rule," in that city. Mr. Brown was associated with E. W. Goodwin in the publication of "The Tocsin of Liberty," at Albany, New York, in 1842. He married (second) in 1843, Catherine, a daughter of Samuel Swan, of Hubbardston. Massachusetts. Mrs. Brown was at that time the agent C)f the Eastern New York Anti-Slavery So- ciety, and she assisted Mr. Brown at his meetings by singing and speaking. Mr. Brown died in Canandaigua, New York, in 1844, after a short illness, and his widow married (second) in 1855, Rev. Charles Spear, a Universalist minister of Boston, now also deceased. Abel Swan Brown, only child of Rev. Abel and Catherine (Swan) Brown, was born at Hubbardston, Massachusetts, July 3, 1845, ^nd ^'^d at his home in Passaic, New Jersey, September 6, 1899. His mother having remarried, he was brought up by his grandparents in Hubbardston. and there attended school until he had at- tained the age of sixteen years. He also benefited by one term in a Boston school. He then obtained a position in the dry goods store of Josiah H. Clarke, of Wor- cester. Massachusetts, where he soon proved his abilitv as a salesman. He was twenty years of age when he entered the employ of the firm of Lathrop. Ludington & Company, an important dry goods house in New York, his uncle, Reuben Swan, being a member of the firm. .\t the end of three years he obtained a position with H. B. Claflin & Company, of New York, and held an important position with this firm for a period of eleven years. I'l 1880 Mr. Brown organized the .Syndicate Trading Company, with the main office in New York City and branch otiices at Man- chester, England ; Paris, France : St. Gall, Switzerland: and Chemnitz, Germany. He was elected to the presidency of this cor- poration, an office he filled with remark- able executive ability throughout the re- mainder of his life. The original firms forming this company were : .A.dam, Mel- drum & Anderson, of Buffalo, New York ; Callender, McAuslan & Troup, of Provi- dence, Rhode Island ; Brown & Thomp- son, of Hartford, Connecticut ; Forbes >t Wallace, of Springfield, Illinois ; Sibley, Lindsay & Curr, of Rochester, New York : Taylor & Kilpatrick, of Cleveland, Ohio. Later, other leading department houses joined the concern, until it was composed of the largest and most progressive de- partment stores of the United States. The Syndicate Trading Company grew to be the largest business of its kind in the country, their annual purchases amount- ing to upward of $20,000,000 worth of goods annually. When the senior partner of Denholm & McKay, one of the firms of the Syndicate, died in 1890, Mr. Brown acquired a controlling interest in this cor- poration, which owned the Boston Store in Worcester. He became the president of the Boston Store, and after that lie spent a part of each week in Worcester, and the other part in New York. Subse- quently he held the same official position in the Pettis Dry Goods Company, of Indianapolis, Indiana: and became vice- president of the Callender, Mc.\uslan & Troup Company, and of the Doggett Dry Goods Company, of Kansas City, Mis- souri. He made his home in Brooklyn, New York, imtil 1880, when he removed to Passaic. New Jersey. After he had be- come interested in the Boston Store, in Worcester, he made his summer home there, calling this "The Hermitage." this being one of the "show places" of that vicinity. His estate there consists of about six hundred and fifty acres, known as 143 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY "Wildwood Park," and in this place he provided a day of enjoyment, annually, for his employees in the Boston Store, who came with their families. In Wor- cester he attended the Main Street Baptist Church, and was a member of the Bible class of the Hon. Joseph H. Walker. Later he was a member of the First Bap- tist Church of Brooklyn, now known as the Baptist Temple. In this he was su- perintendent of the financial department, a member of the music committee, trustee, and chief organizer in 1877 of the Young People's Baptist Union, the most active organization of that denomination in Brooklyn, which has since become a na- tional organization of the Baptist denom- ination. His wife was also an active work- er in the church, both were prominent in musical circles, Mr. Brown being president of the Amateur Philharmonic Society. In Passaic they joined the First Baptist Church, of which he was a trustee, and chairman of the music committee. He took a leading part in the organization of the Young Men's Christian Association, of Passaic, and was a member of the Board of Directors from its inception until his death. He was a generous contributor to this association, as well as to the Gen- eral Hospital, and a number of charitable institutions. He was patriotic and public spirited to a degree, and organized the movement to build the City Hall, one of the finest in the entire State ; also the public library building and the Passaic Qub house. In political matters he was a stanch Republican, and while his in- fluence was a wide spread one for good, he consistently declined public office, on account of lack of time. He was a mem- ber of the New York Chamber of Com- merce, and was one of the original com- mittee sent to the monetary conference at Indianapolis. His social membership, in addition to that mentioned above was with the Passaic Club, the Worcester Club, Tatnuck Country Club, Union League Club, Merchants' and Wool Club of New York City, and the Kenilworth Literary Society of Passaic. Mr. Brown married, in June, 1869, Charlotte, a daughter of John Connah, Jr., and his wife, Keturah E. Connah, of New York City, and they had children : I. Irving Swan, a real estate dealer in New York City, president of what is known as the Swan Brown Company. 2. Luther Connah, president of the Boston Store, Worcestor, Massachusetts, as was his father. Mrs. Brown resides at the original home in Passaic, and is actively interested with charitable, philanthropic and reli- gious W'Ork in that city. Mr. Brown's death in the very prime of life was a great loss to the mercantile world and was re- garded in the light of personal bereave- ment by many business friends and em- ployees, as well as by his immediate family and personal friends. The length of the life of such a man is measured by his achievements, not by the mere number of years he has counted. The resolutions adopted at the time of his death by the City Council of Passaic contained the fol- lowing paragraph : In his private life, in his business career and in the active interest taken by him in public af- fairs, he has left a noteworthy example and one that reflects credit upon himself and luster upon the community in which he took such pride. He was exemplary in his private life and character, a man of liberal disposition, abundant in his be- nevolences, which were always bestowed with judgment and without ostentation. We record with satisfaction the fact that his name has be- come widely known and highly esteemed far be- yond the city limits in which he lived as a busi- ness man of sterling character and unusual ability and capacity. On the foundation of strict integ- rity and sound business principles he built up a large commercial structure, the uprearing and conduct of which called for the shrewdest busi- ness instinct and sagacity, the most practical com- mon sense and unwearying personal energy and indu?trv. 144 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY DRAKE, Edward Cortlandt, Merchant, Active in Public Concerns. Edward Cortlandt Drake was one of the best known and most influential citizens of Newark, New Jersey, where he lived the greater part of his life. He was a member of a prominent and highly re- spected family of Morris county in the same State, which has made its home for a number of generations in the picturesque town of Mendham, the family homestead being erected there in the year 1743. So complete has been the development of the Eastern States, and so entirely has every trace of past conditions been obliterated, that it is practically impossible for those who dwell within their borders at tin- present time, sunk in the security and sur- rounded with all the circumstances of an age-old civilization, to realize how short a time has elapsed since their now quiet farms and busy cities were parts of an un- broken wilderness extending indefinitely westward and inhabited by semi-hostile savages. And yet it was not so many years before the building of the old Drake residence that what is now Morris county actually lay within such a region and that peaceful and familiar Lake Hopatcong was but dimly known and then only as a rendezvous for the tribes of the Lenni- Lenape. The town of Mendham itself is one of the oldest places in Morris county, and the natural beauty of site is taken advantage of to the fullest extent by the work of man. The wide and tree-bordered streets make one think of the typical New Eng- land town, and the simple and substantial dwellings belong to a period when men built for comfort rather than display, and for their children as well as themselves. Such a house is that of the Drake family, where Edward C. Drake first saw the light of day. His father, who had always lived there, was Colonel James Wills Drake, and his mother had been before her marriage. 145 II— ro Nancy Carnes Doty, a member of another old New Jersey family. Colonel James Wills Drake was a prominent man in his neighborhood. He was a surveyor and civil engineer by profession, both callings for which there was great demand in that day, and he was also prominently associat- ed with the New Jersey National Guard, serv^ing as captain, major and colonel, con- secutively, in the Seventy-first Regiment, Morris Brigade, under the administration of Governor Williamson. He also repre- sented his district in the State Legislature during the term of 1840-41. His progeni- tors were among the first settlers in Mend- ham, coming at the same time as the Byram, Cary and Thompson families. The first person buried in the ancient graveyard adjoining the Presbyterian church in 1745 was Mrs. Drake. On the farm of Colonel James Wills Drake, about forty rods from his dwelling, there was once an Indian village ; arrow heads and other Indian relics having there been found in abun- dance. In the winter of 1779-80 when the American headquarters were at Morris- town, a portion of the army were barrack- ed in rude log huts in both Mendham and Alorris townships. The headquarters of two of the officers. Colonel Robinson and Chevalier Massillion. a French officer, were at the dwelling later occupied by Colonel James W. Drake, about a mile from Mendham village on the road to Mor- ristown, the home at that time of Colonel Drake's grandfather. During the sick- ness, suffering and want of that winter, there were pitted against the barn of Mr. Drake at one time forty coffins, that build- ing being at the time in use as a hospital. Edward Cortlandt Drake was born in the old Drake dwelling in Mendham, and there passed a considerable portion of his childhood, attending private schools in that place and in Morristown, where he received the general part of his education. He later removed to Newark and thero took a special course at a business college CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY where he finished preparing himself tech- nically for the business career for which his natural talents fitted him. Somewhat later he opened a mercantile house in his adopted city, devoting himself to the sale of drygoods. Mr. Drake's activity was by no mean;, measured by his mercantile enterprises, however, for though a successful merchant whose time was largely occupied in the conduct of his business, he nevertheless gave generously both of energy and at- tention to many other departments of the community's life. He was always particu- larly interested in the conduct of public affairs from a purely altruistic viewpoint and because he truly desired the welfare of the community. He never took part in politics, as that phrase is used at the pres- ent time, although a keen observer of po- litical issues, both national and local, and a staunch member of the Democratic party. He was active only to the point of doing all that he could in furtherance of the principles in which he believed in his capacity as a private citizen, but always consistentlv declined the numerous offers of office that were tendered him. How prominent and influential he was in this line, despite his aloofness from the game of politics, and how important and popular a figure he was in the life of Newark, may be gathered from the fact that he was mentioned by his party as candidate for mayor of the city, but would not himself consider it. The last decade of the past century was marked in New Jersey by the sittings of the important commission ap- pointed to revise the system of jurispru- dence in the State, and at two successive sessions, those of 1803-94, was Mr. Drake a member of that honorable body, attend- ing its meetings and taking part in its de- liberations. Mr. Drake was also a member of club circles in Newark, and was a member of a number of prominent organizations sticli as the Washington .\ssociation. the His- torical Society of New Jersey, and the Essex Club of Newark. No sketch of Mr. Drake would be complete without a men- tion of the factor of religion and his as- sociation with his church extending over a long period of years. He was an Epis- copalian in belief, and was a member of long standing in Grace Episcopal Church of Newark. He was active in the work of the parish, holding the office of vestry- man for overy thirty years, and supported materially the many philanthropies in con- nection therewith. Mr. Drake married, March 28, i860, in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Mary Jane Wood- ruff, a resident of that place, and a daugh- ter of Stephens Haines and Abigail Ogden (Meeker) Woodruff, well known people of Elizabeth. To Mr. and Mrs. Drake were born five children, as follows : Nicholas Murray, deceased; Mary C, who became Mrs. Howell, now deceased ; Gertrude Woodruff; Helen Esther, now Mrs. Wil- liam Chauncey Coles, of Summit ; Edwina. now Mrs. Archibald E. Montgomery, of Tenaflv. BALL, James Thomas, Prominent Merchant, Esteemed Citizen. James T. Ball was of the sixth .Ameri- can generation of the Ball family, and of the sixth generation of his direct ancestors in Newark. Edward Ball, of the ancient English family first mentioned in the Book of Domesday, came from England in the year 1665, first making settlement at Bran- ford, Connecticut. The English family of Ball bore arms thus described in Burke: "Out of a ducal coronet a hand and arm. embowered in mail, grasping a fireball, all proper." That Edward Ball, of Branford and Newark, New Jersey, and Colonel W^illiam Ball, settled at St. Mary's. Virginia, in 1657. sprang from the same stock, there is little doubt, but no known connection can be shown. The Balls of Virginia, from 146 l^ctCC CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY whom President Washington maternally de- cended, and the Balls of Newark, New Jer- sey, both have ample claim to distinction and neither need depend on the other for great- ness yet they probably sprang from a com- mon ancestor. Edward Ball did not long remain in Con- necticut, but short as the time was, he there married Abigail Blatchley, and the same year he appears as one of the Twelve Pro- prietors of the town of Newark, his first date of residence being October 30, 1665. He was then about twenty-five years of age, and a man of importance in the set- tlement on the "Passaick" and in the coun- ty of Essex, for he filled many town of- fices, and in 1692 and 1693 was high sher- iff of the county. His last appearance in public life was as a member of the grand jury in 1709 and 1710. Abigail Blatchley, wife of Edward Ball, was a daughter of Thomas Blatchley, also an Englishman and a resident of Branford. Children : Caleb, Joseph, Moses, Thomas ; Abigail, married Daniel Harrison ; Lydia, married Joseph Peck. Thomas, youngest son of Edward and Abigail (Blatchley) Ball, was born in New- ark, in 1687, ^rid there spent his life, dying in 1744, the old cemetery of Newark being his burial place. He left to his nine sons four hundred acres of land, but all except a portion left to Aaron, his second son, has passed out of the family. He married Sarah Davis, who survived him over thir- ty-four years, dying February i, 1778, aged eighty-seven years, a daughter of Thomas Davis, who in his will named "Sarah, wife of Thomas Ball." She is buried in the old graveyard at Connecticut Farms (Union, New Jersey), where she slept undisturbed while two years later (June, 1780), over her grave the battle was raging in which a dozen of her descendants took part, one of whom, Samuel Ball, son of Ezekiel, was mortally wounded. Children of Thomas Ball : A daughter, died unmarried ; Timo- thy, married Esther Bruen ; Aaron, mar- 147 ried Hannah Camp ; Apphia, married Si- mon Learing; Nathaniel, married Esther Osborn ; Ezekiel, of further mention. From an old tombstone in the church graveyard at Connecticut Farms, this in- scription is taken : "Here lies the body of Sarah, wife of Thomas Ball who died Feb- ruary A. D., 1778, in the 88th year of her age." Ezekiel, sixth child and fourth son of Thomas and Sarah (Davis) Ball, seems to have been overlooked by the biographers and record keepers of his day, as there is nothing to show the date of his birth or death, nor whom he married. He left five sons : Stephen, a surgeon of the Continen- tal army ; Timothy, Edward, William ; Sam- uel, of further mention. Samuel, second son of Ezekiel Ball, was an oflScer of the Revolutionary army, and at the battle of Connecticut Farms, fought in June, 1780, against the British, received a mortal wound. He married and left three sons : Oliver, of further mention ; Gardner and Samuel. Oliver, eldest son of Samuel Ball, the Revolutionary patriot, died in Newark, in 1845, aged sixty-six years. He married Elizabeth Ward, who died in 1865, aged eighty- four years. His four sons were: Edwin N., a real estate dealer of Newark; Augustus I., member of the carriage man- ufacturing firm of Quinby & Company, Newark; Hooper C, a manufacturing jew- eler of Newark; Horace W., of further mention. His three daughters, Harriet, Matilda and Julietta married, respectively, Abraham Johnson, of Lyons Farms, George RolfF, of Danbury, Connecticut, and Hor- ace Ailing, of Newark. Horace W., youngest son of Oliver and Elizabeth (Ward) Ball, was born, lived and died in Newark, where during his bus- iness life he was a manufacturing jeweler. He married Elizabeth Daniels, and left sons, Alfred P. and James Thomas. James Thomas, son of Horace W. and Elizabeth (Daniels) Ball, was bori' in New- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ark, New Jersey, July 14, 1846, and after a useful life of fifty-two years died there January 7, 1898. He attended Hedges' private school in Newark, but he was a youth of such delicate health that he was taken out of school and sent abroad, where he spent several years in travel and with relatives in England. Returning home witli greatly improved health, and having decided upon a mercantile life, he joined forces in 1865 with James Marshall and opened a clothing store at the corner of Broad and Bridge streets, Newark, under the firm name of Marshall & Ball, a name that became a household word in Newark and northern New Jersey. They prospered in their new venture, and in a short time re- moved their store to a more central part of the city, choosing a site opposite the New Jersey Central railroad station. These quarters soon proving insufficient to accom- modate their business, the young partners moved to the present location, 807-810 Broad street. The history of Marshall & Ball covering the period of 1865-1898 was one of success and expansion. For thirty- three years Mr. Ball gave it his strict per- sonal attention, and incorporated into the business the strong phases of his personal character, honesty and square dealing. Re- garding his personal honor as sacred, he placed the same high valuation upon his business honor, and "quality" became the store motto. No article was placed on sale that he could not conscientiously vouch for, and to quality was added the "square deal" with all patrons. On this foundation Mar- shall & Ball built, and to this day adhere. He was liberal in his treatment of employ- ees, and as men proved their loyalty and worth they were given profit sharing inter- est in the business. He builded well, and after half a century his work endures. Mr. Ball was most kindly hearted and genial in disposition, possessing the quality of not only attracting friends but of hold- ing them. He belonged to several clubs in Newark, and was everywhere a social fav- orite. He belonged to the Masonic order. affiliated with St. John's Lodge of Newark, and held in the order, as in the business and social world, the undivided love and respect of his associates. His clubs were the Essex, Republican, and Essex and New- ark County Country Club of Orange, the New York, Knickerbocker and Chelsea of New York. In political faith a Republi- can, he was one of the presidential electors on the ^IcKinley ticket in 1896. His religious affiliation was with Trinity Protestant Episcopal Churcli, which he served as vestryman. He gave liberally to all worthy objects, and from whatever angle his life may be viewed there is no room for unfriendly criticism. He was a wise, progressive business man, a public- spirited citizen, a loyal friend, and consis- tently faithful to all religious or moral ob- ligations. He tore well his part in the development of his city, and rendered to every man his due. Two hundred and three years after his great-great-great-great-grandfather, Ed- ward Ball, married Abigail Blatchley, in Connecticut, James T. Ball returned to the same State for his bride, and on Decem- ber 2, 1868, he married, at Stamford, Mary F., daughter of Thomas and Caroline Dunn. He married (second) Mary Eliz- abeth, daughter of George B. Jenkinson. of Newark. Children, all by first wife: i. James Marshall, deceased. 2. Elizabeth. 3. Mary Isabel, married GifTord. 4. Florence Louise, deceased. 5. Frederick W., who continues the business of Marshall & Ball ; he married Bertha Duren, daugh- ter of George B. and Elizabeth Duren, there are two sons — James T. and Freder- ick W. Jr. 6. Elsie, youngest child of James T. Ball, is deceased. 148 NELSON, 'William. I69. He is believed to have mar- ried Cunningham, niece of William, Earl of Glencairn. She is mentioned in the will of Quentin Macllvaine in connection with his nephews, "the young sons of John Macllvaine of Grimet." Quentin Macll- vaine made disposition of Thomaston in his will, but in a codicil stated that it was no longer in his possession, having been sold for the payment of fines and debts. (V'll) John Macllvaine, a son of John and (Cunningham) Macllvaine, suc- ceeded to Grimet. but with him the proper- ty passed from the family as a result of their being Convenanters. At this time re- ligious persecutions forced the family to take refuge for a short time in the North of Ireland, making their home by the shores of Loughneagh, in Ulster. Their names are to be found on record as mem- bers of the session of the Old Kirk until 1692, and their names appear on almost all the documents signed by the gentry, and known as the "Solemn League and Cove- nant." (VIII) Joseph Macllvaine. a son of (probably) John Macllvaine. was born in 1700, and died in Ayr. in May, 1762. his will being in the register's office in Edin- burgh. He was a man of prominence and influence in Ayr, holding positions of im- portance. He married (first) June i, 1721, Anna Rogerson, daughter of Thomas Rog- erson. of Dumfries, descended from a fam- ily of County Tyrone, Ireland, which de- scended from Rory, son of Ruadbrigh, the "red haired king." He married (second) Jane, daughter of Adam Hunter, baillie of Ayr. Children, all by the first marriage : William, of further mention ; David, born September 22, 1723, married Elizabeth Graydon : John, born April 17, 1725: Eliz- abeth, born June 5. 1726, married William 161 TI— II Gairdner; Robert, born May 16, 1728; Anna, born January 8. 1731, married, 1762, John Fleming. (IX) William Macllvaine, a son of Joseph and Anna (Rogerson) Macllvaine, was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, March 31, 1722, and died in Bucks county, Pennsyl- vania, at his estate Fairview, near Bristol. He and his brother David came to Ameri- ca about 1745, and settled in Philadelphia, where they were prominent as merchants and ship owners. In one storm they lost forty vessels. He was a charter member of the Philadelphia Assembly in 1749, and an elder of the First Presbyterian Church from 1760 to 1770. In 1756 he was a mem- ber of the "Independent Company of Foot, Philadelphia," commanded by Captain John Kidd. Some years prior to his death Mr. Macllvaine retired from business and led the life of a country gentleman at his home in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, His will is dated there, January 26, 1770, and prov- ed, October 4, 1770. He appointed Wil- liam Humphrey, of Philadeljjhia. executor. Mr. Macllvaine married (first) Anne Em- erson, daughter of Caleb and Mary (North) Emerson, of Philadelphia. Mary (North) Emerson was a descendant of the Right Honorable Dudley North, and of Sir Edward North, treasurer and guardian for Queen Elizabeth. The Emerson fam- ily of Durham is descended from the Ccunts of Habsbruck. tracing back several generations before the Norman Conquest. Mr. Macllvaine married (second) Mar- garet Cross. Children, all by first marriage : I. William, of further mention. 2. Jo- seph, of "Bristol township, Bucks county, gentleman." 3. Mary, married General Joseph Bloomfield, Governor of New Jer- sey, 1801, 1803-1812. He was born Octo- ber 18, 1753, son of Dr, Moses and Eunice Bloomfield, served as a surgeon in the Rev- olutionary War: attorney-general of New Jersey : brigadier-general : member of Con- gress, 1817-1821 : died October 3, 1825. (X) William Macllvaine. .son of Wil- CYCLOPEDIA OI- NEW lERSEY Ham and Anne (Emerson) MacIIvaine, was born in Philadelphia, July 8, 1750, and died at his home in Burlington, New Jer- sey, September i6, 1806. In 1766 he went to Scotland, where he entered the Univer- sity of Edinburgh, and received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from this institu- tion. He returned to America in 1773, and resided in the family homes in Philadel- phia and Bristol. He took an active part in the Revolution from its very beginning, and was captain of the Light Infantry As- sociated Company, in Bristol, of which his brother was major. July 4, 1776. it was ordered by the Committee of Safety at Philadelphia "That Captain Davis and Captain MacIIvaine be empowered and di- rected to take up six shallops to transport a battalion of troops from this city to Bor- dcntown, to sail tomorrow." William Mac- IIvaine was surgeon in Captain Read's reg- iment in 1776. He was commissioned a justice of the peace for Bucks county, Sep- tember 7, 1784. and as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas. September 10. 1784. Af- ter his second marriage he removed to Phil- adelphia, where he practiced his profession until 1793. In that year of the yellow fever epidemic he sent his family to Burlington, New Jersey, for refuge from the scourge. He remained in Philadelphia, true to his calling, contracted the fever, and was nurs- ed back to health by an old black servant. He succeeded in keeping the fact of his ill- ness from his family, but upon his restor- ation to health, he joined them in Burling- ton, and was a resident practitioner there until his death. While living in Philadel- l)hia he was a regular attendant at the First Presbyterian Church, but in Bristol and Burlington he attended the Episcopal church, and his children were baptized in it. Dr. MacIIvaine married (first) Novem- ber 6, 1773, Margaret Rodman, born Sep- tember 20, 1752, died February 22, 1881, a daughter of Judge William and Mary (Reeve) Rodman, of "Flushing," Bucks 162 county, Pennsylvania, and a granddaugh- ter of John Reeve, of Burlington, New Jer- sey. He married (second) Rebecca Cox, born February 3, 1760, died September 13, 1783. daughter of William Cox, Esq. He married (third) Mary Shippen, bom August 15, 1757, died March 14, 1831, a daughter of Edward Shippen, chief justice of Pennsylvania, and his wife, Margaret (Francis) Shippen. Dr. MacIIvaine and his second and third wives were buried in St. Mary's churchyard, Burlington. By the first marriage there were children: i. Mary Anne, born August 10, 1774, died May 30, 1814: married, December 7, 181 1, General Jonathan Rhea. 2. Rachel, died November 16. 1720: married Dr. John Ruan. 3. Hannah, died in infancy. 4. Elizabeth, died in infancy. Children by third marriage : 5. William, born May 2, 1786, died August 9, 1854. 6. Edward Shippen. of further mention. 7. Marga- ret, born November 25, 1788. died January 14, 1864. 8. Joseph B., born January 15. 1790, died July 14, 1847 '• married Mary Anne Murray. 9. Mary, died unmarried, December 7. 1869. Edward Shippen, great-great-grandfath- er of Mary (Shippen) MacIIvaine. was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1639. He was president of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania. He married Elizabeth Ly- brand. Joseph, son of Edward Shippen, of Phil- adelphia, was born in Boston, February 28. 1678-9. "He was among the men of science of his day. and in 1727, he joined Ur. Franklin in founding the Junto, 'for mutual information and iiublic good.'" He died in Germantown. Philadelphia, in June. 1 741. He married (first) July 28, 1702, Abigail Grosse, and (second) Rose Budd, widow of John McWilliams and of Charles Plumley. Judge Edward Shippen. "of Lancaster." son of Joseph and Abigail (Grosse) Ship- nen. was born in Boston, July 9. 1703. He was brought up as a merchant by James CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Logan, and was associated in business with him in 1732, under the style of Logan & Shippen. In 1749 he was associated with Thomas Lawrence, in the fur trade, the firm doing business under the name of Shippen & Lawrence. For many years he served in the City Council, was mayor of Philadelphia in 1744, and judge of the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas in 1749 and 1750. He removed to Lancaster in May, 1752, was there appointed pro- thonotary, and filled this office until 1778. He had large transactions as paymaster for supplies for the British and Provincial for- ces, when commanded by General Forves, General Stanwix and Colonel Bouquet, and managed them with so much integrity as to receive public thanks in 1760. He served as county judge under the Proving cial and State governments. In early life he laid out Shippensburg. In 1748-49 he was one of the founders of the College of New Jersey, and was a member of the first board of trustees, holding this position un- til his resignation in 1767. He was a fine French scholar, and was one of the sub- scribers to the Philadelphia Academy, later the University of Pennsylvania. His death occurred in Lancaster, September 25, 1781. Judge Shippen married (first) September 20, 1725, Sarah Plumley, born November 8, 1706, died April 28, 1735, a daughter of Charles and Rose (Budd) Plumley. He married (second) in August, 1747, Mary, widow of John Nowland. Chief Justice Edward Shippen, son of Judge Edward and Sarah (Plumley) Ship- pen, was born in Philadelphia, February 16, 1728-9, and died in that city, April 16, 1806. He was admitted tii the Middle Temple, London, in 1740. and was admit- ted to practice as a barrister in 1750. No- vember 22. 1752, he was appointed judge of the Admiralty Court in Philadelphia ; in 1765 he was appointed prothonotary of the Supreme Court; December 12, 1770, ap- pointed a member of the Governor's Coun- cil ; May I. 1784, appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia; September 16, 1784, judge of the High Court of Errors and Appeals; in 1785, elected a justice of the Dock Ward ; Octo- ber 4, 1785, appointed president of the Court of Quarter Sessions and General Jail Delivery; January 29, 1791, appointed an associate judge of the Supreme Court, an office he filled until 1799, when he was appointed Chief Justice, and held this of- fice until his death, April 16, 1806. Judge Shippen married, in Christ Church, Phila- delphia, November 29, 1753, Margaret, born in Talbot county. Maryland, .August I7> 1735' died in Philadelphia, May 28, 1794, a daughter of Tench Francis, attor- ney-general of Pennsylvania, and Eliza- beth (Turbett) Francis. (XI) Edward Shippen Macllvaine, son of Dr. William and Mary (Shippen) Mac- llvaine, was born in Philadelphia, October I, 1787, and died September 13, 1843. In young manhood he became a resident of Hunterdon county, New Jersey, and was a representative for the county in the Gen- eral Assembly from 1830 to 1835. For some years prior to his death he was de- barred from taking an active part in pub- lic life by gout, from which he was a great sufferer. He was commissioned first lieu- tenant of the First Battalion of Cavalry, First Regiment of Hunterdon county. New Jersey, militia. May 13, 1815. In 1824, while an aide-de-camp to his uncle. Gover- nor Bloomfield, he escorted General La Fayette from Princeton to Trenton, dur- ing the latter's visit to America. Mr. Mac- llvaine married, October 21, 1812, Esther Rodman, born June 29, 1791, died Octo- ber 17, i8(^x), a daughter of William and Esther (West) Rodman. She was widely known for her beauty and brilliant mind, was with her brother-in-law, J. Qancy Jones, while he was envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to .'\ustria, and was present at the coronation of Fran- cis Joseph. Her letters of that time, and her poems, have great literary merit. Mr. 163 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and Mrs. Macllvaine had one child : Wil- Ham Rodman, of further mention. William Rodman, father of Esther (Rodman) Macllvaine, was born at "Flushing," Bensalem township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, in October, 1757, and died there, July 2"], 1824. He was a son of William and Mary (Reeve) Rod- man, and a grandson of Dr. John and Mary (Willett) Rodman, of Burlington, New Jersey. May 23, 1778, William Rod- man took the affirmation of allegiance and fidelity to the State of Pennsylvania, di- rected by the Act of 1777. and for this he was "disowned" by the Society of Friends. October 4, 1781, he was appointed brigade quartermaster of the militia, under Briga- dier-General Lacey, stationed at New- town, Pennsylvania, and served until the militia was disbanded shortly prior to the close of the Revolutionary War. He was a justice of the peace for Bucks county from 1 79 1 to 1800, when he resigned his commission to take his seat in the Senate of Pennsylvania. There his career was a prominent one, as chairman of a number of important committees, and twice he receiv- ed a large vote for the speakership. After four years' service in the Senate he de- clined re-election. He was elected to Con- gress in 1810, taking his seat at the extra session. November 4, 181 1, and his service ended with the Twelfth Congress, March 3, 1813, which was the Congress which de- clared war against Great Britain. In 1799 he served as captain of dragoons in the service of the United States for the sup- pression of the "Fries" insurrection in Northampton county, Pennsylvania; was a presidential elector in 1809, and cast his vote for James Madison. (XII) William Rodman Macllvaine, son of Edward .Shippen and Esther (Rod- man) Macllvaine, was bom in Ewing township, Hunterdon (now Mercer) coun- ty. New Jersey, December 10, 1820. He Ived on the homestead during the early part of his life, and later in Trenton, New Jersey. He was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Mercer county by a joint meeting of the Legislature in 1853; re-elected in 1858 and in 1863, serving fif- teen years. He was a senior warden of St. Michael's Episcopal Church, in Tren- ton. His career was one of great useful- ness, and he was always known as a pure- minded, honest and upright citizen. He married. May 11, 1842, Christina Reeder Scudder, born October 26, 1823, died at Trenton, February 18, 1894. Children : 1. Edward Shippen, of further mention. 2. Jasper Scudder, born May 20, 1844, was graduated with first honors at Princeton. He became a Presbjlerian minister, and died while a missionary in China, Febru- ary 2, 1881. 3. Maria, born February 12, 1849, ^i^d unmarried, October 12, 1868. 4. Francis Rodman, born July 12, 1855, died August 7, 1856. Jasper Smith Scudder, father of Chris- tina Reeder (Scudder) Macllvaine, was born in 1797, died October 20, 1877. His ancestors came to New Jersey from Long Island in 1709. He was paying teller of the Trenton Bank for about thirty years ; treasurer of the State Hospital from the time it was built until shortly before his death ; and was the first president of the Mechanics' Bank of Trenton. (XIII) Edward Shippen Macllvaine, son of William Rodman and Christina Reeder (Scudder) Macllvaine, was born in Ewing township, Mercer county. New Jersey, March 28, 1843. ^nd died in Tren- ton, New Jersey, January 8, 1910. He was graduated from the Lawrenceville School in 1858, and entered Princeton College as a sophmore and a member of the class of 1 86 1. Ill health obliged him to interrupt his studies, and he was traveling abroad when tlie news of the outbreak of the Civil War reached him. He at once returned to this country and accepted a position under Captain James F. Armstrong, commanding the United States sloop-of-war "Jacinto." and later served on the "De Soto." He 164 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY was one of the first volunteers in Company A, Mercer Brigade, National Guard, during the Civil War. He was the owner of a fine plantation in North Carolina, and at the close of the war spent five years on it. Returning to the Macllvaine homestead in 1870, he lived there until 1883, then re- moved to Trenton, where the remainder of his life was spent. From 1887 to 1910 he was treasurer of the Lawrenceville School ; was treasurer of the Alumni Association for many years ; treasurer of the Ameri- can Bible Society and the Session of the First Presbyterian Church of Trenton, 1886 to 1908 : and was a director of the Trenton Banking Company from 1900 to igio, having been a charter stockholder of this corporation. Following is a copy from the records of this institution : "The di- rectors of the Trenton Banking Company desire to place on record the high appreci- ation of the character and faithful services of Mr. Edward Shippen Macllvaine whose recent death has brought sincere grief to all who were in any way associated with him. Mr. Macllvaine was connected with the Trenton Banking Company for ten years, having been elected a director in 1900, and served the bank with unremit- ting zeal and the utmost integrity from that time until the day of his death. His lov- able nature and fine character endeared him to all with whom he came in contact." Mr. Macllvaine married, March 28, 1866, Anne Belleville Hunt, daughter of Captain William Edgar Hunt, United States Navy. Children: i. Margaret Ship- pen, married, June 12, 1889, John A. Roel>- ling, civil engineer, son of Washington .'\. Roebling and Emily (Warren) Roebling. Washington A. Roebling was the builder of the Brooklyn Bridge. Children : Sieg- fried, Paul and Donald. 2. Anne, unmar- ried, lives in Trenton, 3. Maria, married Henry Van Klceck Gillmore, son of Gen- eral Quincy and Margaret Hardenburgh CVan Kleeck) Gillmore. 4. Francis Ship- 165 pen, civil engineer, was graduated from Princeton University in the class of 1904. Commander William Edgar Hunt, United States Navy, father of Mrs. Anne Belleville (Hunt) Macllvaine, was bom at Lamberton, New Jersey, July 18, 1806, a son of Peter and Maria (Furman) Hunt, and a nephew of William Edgar, of New York. He was an orphan at the age of ten years, and a relative. Admiral Leroy, was appointed his guardian. Six years later Admiral Leroy secured his appoint- ment as a midshipman from New Jersey in the United States Navy. In 183 1 he was appointed acting master of the "John Adams." June 21, 1832, he was commis- sioned lieutenant, and in 1841, was appoint- ed to special duty with Captain (later Com- modore) Stockton, and was with him when the gun exploded on the "Princeton," when many lives were lost. Although Lieutenant Hunt was standing near Cap- tain Stockton when the latter fired the gun, he received no serious hurt. During the Mexican War he was actively engaged in the transportation of troops and ammuni- tion to the coast of Mexico. In .\ugust, 1855, he was commissioned commander. and in 1859 was appointed to command the "Levant" in the Pacific Ocean. In Septem- ber, 1860, he was heard from, when the "Levant" was at Honolulu, but as nothing was heard of the vessel or of those on her after that time, it is supposed that a severe typhoon which occurred in that section about that time, caused the destruction of the ship and all on her. Commander Hunt married (first) in Trenton, May 29, 1833, Susan Elizabeth Clarke, born June 21, 1810, died April 16. 1848, a daughter of Dr. James and Mary (Belleville) Clarke. He married (second) May 30, 1849, Annie Belleville Qarke, a sister of his first wife. Children, all by the first marriage : Moore Furman ; Annie, died young : Sue, died young ; James Clarke : Virginia Higbee : William, died CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW )ERSEY young; Aubselue; Anne Belleville, mar- ried Edward Shippen Macllvaine. as above stated. Dr. James Clarke was born about 1787, died February 20, 1847. He was a distin- guished physician, his large practice lying on both sides of the Delaware river. The first American ancestor of his family was a founder of Princeton University, and a large landowner near there. He was de- scended from the families of Middleton, Johns, Fitzrandolph and Blossom. RANSOM. Charles Archibald, I.awyer, Prominent Journalist. Journalism has ever called into the circle of her followers the brightest minds and the most gifted sons of the nation. The naturally keen intellect is sharpened by its contact with others as brilliant and gains thereby an added strength an- porting all good causes. Mr. Kellam married, at Elizabeth. New Jersey. .Xugust 31. 1865, Charlotte, daughter of Lawrence Durling and .Mmira ( Fellows^ Knowles. She was born in Mauch Chunk. May 31. 1839. died in Haddonfield. Au- gust 9, 1909. Children : Alice Bagley, mar- ried Wellington Bechtel, and resides in Had- donfield ; Lawrence Durling, deceased ; Samuel Luther, deceased ; Ralph Newton, a lawyer of the Philadelphia and New Jer- sey bar, married Elizabeth Cowley, daughter of F. George Crump, and resides in Mer- chantville. New Jersey. KEAN. John. Latryer, Man of Affairs, Statesman. Senator Joim Kean was the third John Kean to win [)rominence, the first having been his great-grandfather, John Kean, of South Carolina, who was a delegate to the Continental Congress 1785-87, and cashier of the first Bank of the Lhiited States at Philadelphia. He married Susan, daugh- ter of Peter Van Brugh and Mary (Alex- ander) Livingtson, the former a son of Philip Livingston, Second Lord of the Manor of Livingston, New York, the latter a daughter of James Alexander, Surveyor- General of New York and New Jersey. John Kean died 1796, and his widow mar- ried (second) in 1800 Julian Niemcewiecz, a Polish patriot and litterateur, who came to America with Kosciusko. The same year siie bought "Liberty Hall" built by her I'ncle William Livingston, first governor of the State of New Jersey, and changed its name to Ursino, after Count Niemce- wiecz's place in Poland, from which time it has been in the Kean family. Peter Philip James Kean, born in Eliz- abethtown. New Jersey, 27th February, 1788 ; died at New Lebanon, New York, Oc- tober 2, 1828; son of John and Susan (Liv- ingston) Kean. He graduated from Prince- ton University 1807. He was prominent in the military affairs of the State of New Jersey, and in 1824. when the Marquis de Lafayette revisited the United States, Gov- ernor Isaac N. Williamson appointed Ma- jor Kean to the reception committee to wel- come him to the State ; a post to which his fluent knowledge of French proved an add- ed qualification. At the time of his death, 175 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Mr. Kean was colonel of the Fourth Regi- ment of the State of New Jersey. He mar- ried, 1 8th February, 1813, Sarah Sabina, daughter of General Jacob and Mary (Cox) Morris. General Jacob Morris was a son of Lewis Morris, signer of the Dec- laration of Independence. John (2) Kean, born March 27, 1814, at Ursino, son of Peter Philip James Kean, was a graduate of Princeton, class of 1834, and one of the leading men of his day. He was one of the original stockholders of the Camden & Amboy Railroad, was one of the organizers and builders of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, its vice-president for many years, and from 1841 to 1847 served as its president. He was for a long time president of the National State Bank of Elizabeth, president of the Elizabeth- town Gas Light Company, and interested in many other enterprises of note. He was active in politics, first as a Whig, later as a Republican. He was vestryman of St. John's Protestant Episcopal Church in Elizabeth for many years, and possessed many exceedingly fine qualities that endear- ed him to a very large circle of friends. His personal appearance was most striking, his finely proportioned body agreeing with his great height. It is said he never forgot a face and was most courteous in his treat- ment of all. He died in New York City in January, 1895, aged eighty-one years. He married, January 13, 1847, Lucy, daughter of Caleb Ogden and Caroline Louise (Pitney) Halsted. Children: Peter Philip, died in 1848: Caroline Morris, married George Lockhart Rives: Susan Livingston : John, mentioned below ; Julian Halsted, graduate of Yale University, class of '76, and Columbia Law School, LL.B., a prominent business man of Elizabeth, New Jersey : Christine Griffin, married W. Emlen Roosevelt : Lucy Halsted ; Hamil- ton Fish, an eminent banker of New York City, senior member of Kean, Taylor & Company, and prominent as executive and director in many large corporations, he is 176 active in Republican politics in New Jersey, he married Katharine Taylor, daughter of Robert and Kate Wilson (Taylor) Win- throp of New York ; Elizabeth d'Haute- ville ; Alexander Livingston. John (3) Kean, son of John (2) and Lucy (Halsted) Kean, born in "Ursino" (near Elizabeth), New Jersey, December 4, 1852, lived and died there November 4, 1914. John Kean (3), after preparing in private schools, entered Yale University, class of '76, but did not graduate, receiving however from Yale in 1890 the honorary degree of Master of Arts. He entered Co- lumbia Law School, was graduated LL. B., class of '75, was admitted to the New Jer- sey bar in 1877, but never practised. He was associated in business with his father, whom later he succeeded in many of his official positions and enterprises, becoming president of the National State Bank of Elizabeth, president of the Elizabethtown Water Company, president of the Eliza- bethtown Gas Light Company, vice-presi- dent of the Manhattan Trust Company, trustee of the Atlas Assurance Company (Limited) of London, and was largely in- terested in other corporations of note. He took an active interest in politics from his earliest youth. His wealth and corporate connections rendered him a man of importance, while his congeniality gained him many friends, so that in 1882 he was the Republican nom- inee for Congress. He served in the For- ty-eighth Congress (1883-85), w-as defeat- ed for reelection, was renominated and elected two years later, serving in the Fif- tieth Congress (1887-89). He was an im- portant . factor in the legislation of that period, and won a firm position among the national leaders. He was chairman of the New Jersey Republican State Committee in 1891-92, and in the latter year, was the party candidate for governor of New Jer- sey, but was defeated by William T. Werts. In 1889 he was the unanimous choice of the party caucus for Senator, was duly CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY elected and from 1889 until 191 1, was United States Senator from New Jersey, having been reelected in 1905. Those twelve years brought out the full strength of his ability, and proved his right to rank with the great leaders of his day although he figured but little in public debate. He was chosen secretary of the Senate caucus, and was chairman of the committee on contin- gent expenses. He was a practical poli- tician, keeping himself in the background, but furnishing facts, figures and plans by which others worked. His house in Wash- ington was known both as a political and a social centre. After retiring from the Senate in 191 1, at the expiration of his term, Senator Kean lived quietly at "Ursino" until his death, November 4, 191 4, a singular and interesting character, a useful man in his own chosen path, a friend well worth hav- ing, and one of the men of his day against whose honor there was not even an impu- tation. Senator Kean never married. BREESE, Captain James Buchanan, Distingnished Officer of U. S. Marines. Captain James Buchanan Breese, late of Trenton, New Jersey, was a descendant of English ancestry, his great-great-grandfath- er having come to America in the first half of the eighteenth century. Sidney Breese, the American progenitor of the family of which Captain Breese was a distinguished representative, was the son of an English clergyman, was born in Shrewsbury, England, in 1709, and died in New York City, June 9, 1767. He was a Jacobite but, the cause of the Young Pre- tender failing, he came to America as pur- ser on board a man-of-war, and remained in this country. He was an eccentric char- acter, and wrote his own epitaph which may be still seen in Trinity Churchyard, New York City. It reads: "Ha Sidney! Sidney! lyest thou here? I here lye till time is flown to its Eternity." He married, Febru- 177 II — 12 ary 14- 1733. Elizabeth Pinkethman, born in New York City, in 1710, died in Shrews- bury, New Jersey. Colonel Samuel Bree.'ie, son of Sidney and Elizabeth (Pinkethman) Breese, was born in New York City, May 28, 1737, died in Shrew.sbury, New Jersey, 1801-02. He was colonel of the Third Regiment, Mon- mouth County, New Jersey, and in his records we read that "his mother, nee Eliza- zeth Pinkethman, a wealthy woman of New York, was devoted to Washington and the cause he represented, and advanced him large sums of money for the prosecution of the war." Colonel Breese married, Janu- ary 7, 1768, Elizabeth Anderson, born in Philadelphia, December 21. 1743, died in Semonda. New York, in March, 1832. Col- onel Breese was esteemed for his integrity ; he was a gentleman of the old school anrl very popular in New York and Philadelphia society. Arthur Breese, Esq., son of Colonel Sam- uel and Elizabeth (Anderson) Breese, was born in Shrewsbury, New Jersey. August 18 or September 16, 1770, and died in New York City. August 14, 1825. He married in Poughkeepsie, New York, November 4, 1793, Catherine Livingston, born in Pough- keepsie. .August 18, 1774, died in Utica, New York, August 21. 1808. The Living- ston line will be found forward. Hon. Sidney Breese, son of Arthur and Catherine (Livingston) Breese, was born in Whitesboro, Oneida county. New York, July 15. 1800, and died at Pinckneyville, Illinois, June 27, 1878. He was graduated from Union College in 1818. studied law. removed to Illinois in 1821, and was there admitted to the bar. In succession he fill- ed the offices of town postmaster. Assistant Secretary of State, State's Attorney, and L^nited States Attorney for Illinois. He was a commissioned officer in the .State militia, and served as lieutenant of volun- teers during the Black Hawk War. In 1835 he was appointed circuit judge, and in 1841, Ttulge of the Supreme Court of the State. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY He was elected to the United States Senate in 1843 on the Democratic ticket, served until 1849 ^nd, while chairman of the com- mittee on public lands, made a report favor- ing the establishment of a transcontinental railway. He was a member of the House of Representatives of Illinois, and was elect ed its speaker in 1850. He was again ap- pointed judge of the Circuit Court in 1855. and was its chief. He was elected justice of the Supreme Court of the State in 1857, became Chief Justice in 1873. and held this office until his death. He was one of the organizers of the Illinois Central railroad, and was regent of the Smithsonian Insti- tution from 1845 to 1849. He published a volume of "Decisions of the Supreme Court," 1829; a work on Illinois in 1869; "The Origin and Histor>' of the Pacific Railroad," 1869. Judge Breese married in Kaskaskia. New York. September 4. 1823, Eliza Morrison, born July 23, 1808. a daughter of William Morrison. Captain James Buchanan Breese. son of Judge Sidney and Eliza fMorrison) Breese, was born in Clinton county, Illinois, in 1847, and died February 7, 1887. His record as given at the headquarters of the United States Marine Corps, Washington, District of Columbia, is as follows: "James B. Breese was appointed a second lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps. March 18, 1864; he was promoted first lieutenant. May I. 1868, and resigned while holding the latter rank. December 5, 1879." Dur- ing the Civil War he entered the United States Marine Corps, as ensign, and when he left it many years later, he had attained the rank of captain. At the time of the expedition to Corea, he was attached to the Flagship "Colorado," as lieutenant of ma- rines, under Captain McLaine, and at the storming of the forts, June 10. 1871, was with Lieutenant Tilton the first to enter and hoist the Stars and Stripes. At the Exhibi- tion in Paris in 1878 he served as military aide to the American Commission. After his retirement from service he resided in 178 Trenton, New Jersey, with his family until his death, an honored and respected citizen, his remains being interred in Riverview Cemetery. Captain Breese married Josephine Orms- by Yard, who now lives in the family man- sion on State street, Trenton, and had chil- dren: Edward Yarde, Elsie Morrison, James Buchanan and Mary Ormsby. The final "e" in the name of the eldest son, Ed- ward Yarde Breese, was added at the desire of his Grandfather Yard, as that was the original English form of the name. (The Yard Family). William Yard, great-great-great-grand- father of Mrs. Breese, emigrated from Dev- onshire. England, where his father, Richard Yard, was high sheriff, and landed at Phila- delphia in 1688. He was among the earliest settlers of Trenton, New Jersey, and served as clerk of the courts in 1720. Joseph, son of William Yard, was a mem- ber of the King's Council of New Jersey, and donated a part of the site for the First Presbyterian Church in Trenton, of which city he was a resident. He was the last sur- vivor of the first Board of Trustees of this church, and by his will donated a legacy to Princeton College. Archibald Williams Yard, son of Joseph Yard, was a business man of Trenton, and was almost eighty years of age at the time of his death in 1810. Edward M. Yard, son of Archibald Wil- liams Yard, was born in 1761, and died in Trenton, New Jersey, in 1839. As a young lad he obtained a position in a counting- house in Philadelphia, but soon went to sea on one of the vessels belonging to his em- ployer. This was succeeded by a second voyage when, the Revolutionary War hav- ing commenced, the vessel was captured by the British, and young Breese was compell- ed to serve on a British man-of-war for a period of two years, and was then taken to an English prison. He managed to escape and, after many adventures, arrived in this I £!'C^~C-^'(~^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY country, after an absence of seven years. Immediately after the war he was engaged in the mercantile trade between here and Madeira, saiHng the vessels of his father and two other distinguished merchants of Tren- ton, and later became interested in the trade between this country and the West Indies. In 1/95 he engaged in East India trade, and he was among the first to establish trade with China. Later he devoted much time and attention to shipping until the embargo in 1808, when he retired. He married Abi- gail, who died in 1821, a daughter of Dr. Joseph Phillips, of Maidenhead, and had three children. Captain Edward M. Yard, son of Ed- ward M. and Abigail (Phillips) Yard, was born in Trenton, November 24, 1809, died May 2, 1889, and is buried beside his wife in the Allegheny Cemetery, Pittsburgh. He was hut eighteen years of age when, No- vember I, 1827, he became a midshipman in the United States Navy, took part in the war with Mexico and California, and was one of the pioneers in the latter State. From 1861 to 1865 he was a conspicuous figure in the Civil War, rising through the various grades to that of captain, by rea- son of his gallantry and bravery. He retir- ed from the navy in 1866 after a con- tinuous period of service of almost thirty- nine years. He commanded the United States sloop-of-war "Bailey," and did ord- nance duty in the Navy Yard at New York in 1863, and at the Pittsburgh Ordnance Proving Ground in 1864-65. Captain Yard married, in 1853, Josephine Ormsby, of Pittsburgh, who died the following year, leaving an only child: Josephine Ormsby Yard, who married Captain Breese, as above stated. (The Livingston Line). Colonel Robert Livington. first Lord ot the Manor, was bom in Scotland, December 13, 1654, and died in .Mbany, New York, in 1728. He married in Albany, July 0, 1679 (O. S.), Alida (Schuyler) Van Rens- selaer, born in Albany, 1655-56, died in New York, 1739. Colonel Gilbert Livingston, son of Col- onel Robert and Alida (Schuyler) (Van Rensselaer ) Livingston, was born in Liv- ingston Manor, March 6, 1698-90, died in New York State, April 25, 1746. He mar- ried, December 22, 171 1, Cornelia Beekman, bom January 18, 1693, died in New York, June 24, 1742. Henry Livingston, son of Colonel Gilbert and Cornelia (Beekman) Livingston, was born in Poughkeepsie, New York, August 29, 1714, died in the same city, February 10, 1799. He married Susannah, a daugh- ter of John Conklin. Major Henry Livingston, son of Henry and Susannah (Conklin) Livingston, was born in Poughkeepsie, New York, October 13, 1748, and died there, Febraary 29, 1828. He was commissioned major of the Third Regiment, Ulster county, New York, Au- gust 28, 1775, was with General Montgom- ery at the siege of St. John's until the occu- pation of Montreal, returning to his home in December. 1775. He then retired from service probably by reason of ill health. He married at Stamford, Connecticut, May 18, 1774, Sarah Welles, born in Stamford, May 9, 1752, died in Poughkeepsie. September I, 1783- Catherine Livingston, daughter of Major Henry and Sarah (Welles) Livingston, mar- ried Arthur Breese, E^q., as mentioned above. MADDOCK, Harry Smith. Prominent Mannf actnrer and Financier. There is no manufacture in which in re- cent years so much progress has been made as in that of pottery, and it is the one on which the health of the community depends in a great measure. Active and careful at- tention to all the details of this interesting manufacture is an essential, and there is none engaged in it at the present time, who is more careful and conscientious in this re- 179 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY spect than was the late Harry Smith Mad- dock, of Trenton, New Jersey, president of the Thomas Maddock's Sons' Company, and closely identified with some other of the most important enterprises of Trenton. It is only appropriate that, in connection with his life, we should give a short re- view of his family. The Maddocks are of English origin, and John Maddock, great-grandfather of the subject of this review, removed from Old Chester, England, to Statfordshire, where he made the acquaintance of John Davenport, a manufacturer of porcelain. Two of the sons of John Maddock, John and Thomas, became adepts in the art of decorating porcelain ware, in the factory of Mr. Davenport, and John Maddock, Jr., organized the firm of John Maddock & Sons, Porcelain Manufacturers, at Burs- lem, and this is still in successful existence. His brother, Thomas Maddock, married Mary Crompton, and upon his death in 1836, his widow with several of the chil- dren came to the United States. She set- tled in New York City and its vicinity. Thomas Maddock, second son of Thom- as and Mary (Crompton) Maddock, left England in 1847 with his first wife, came to the United States and settled in New York, where he started a bu.siness for the decoration of porcelain at No. 39 Greene street. In 1849 he removed to larger quar- ters at No. 29 Spruce street. Warram & Hawghout later made an arrangement with them, by which they were to remove to the quarters of this firm at No. 563 Broad- way, and decorate exclusively for them. From every point of view this was a most successful arrangement. In 1853 the firm of Maddock & Leigh decorated a dinner service for the LTnited -States government for use in the White House while President Franklin Pierce was in office, and they also decorated a service for the St. Nicholas Hotel, of New York City, which was open- ed in that year. The following year im- paired health, owing to too close attention and devotion to business affairs, compelled Mr. Maddock to sell his interest to his part- ner, and he retired to his farm near Ber- nardsville, Somerset county. New Jersey. L'pon the complete restoration of his health in 1856, he removed to Brooklyn, New York, and there purchased the Star Hotel, which he conducted eight years. He join- ed the Thirteenth Regiment, National Guard, in 1859, and in 1861 his regiment acted as the escort of the Prince of Wales during his visit to this country. In 1866 he bought a crockery and glassware business in Jersey City, New Jersey, and having disposed of the Brooklyn hotel early in 1867, removed to Jersey City. He pur- chased an interest in the Carroll Street Pot- tery, at Trenton, New Jersey, in 1872, the style of the firm being Millington & Ast- bury. The firm name of this pottery, which had been established in 1859, was later changed to Millington, Aslbury & Maddock, and they added the manufacture of .sanitary earthenware. When Mr. Mil- lington retired in 1874 the firm was contin- ued under the name of Astbury & Mad- dock until the death of Mr. Astbury in 1878, when Mr. Maddock associated with himself his three sons, who had been en- gaged in individual enterprises in Jersey City, and the firm of Thomas Maddock & Sons was established in 1882. The adjoin- ing pottery, known as the City Pottery, was purchased in 1886, and in 1890, that part of the plant between Ewing and Car- roll .streets was destroyed by fire. In 1892 the Trenton China Pottery, then in the hands of a receiver, was purchased, and operated as a separate corporation under the name of the Maddock Pottery Com- pany Lamberton Works. The City Pottery section was destroyed by fire in 1892. Mr. Maddock married (first) in England, Honor Bossom, and (second) in .Xmerica. Isabelle M. Middleton. Harry Smith Maddock, son of Thomas and Isabelle M. (Middleton) Maddock, was born in Brooklyn, New York, July 15, 180 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY 1861, and died at his home in Trenton, New Jersey, January 24, 1914, after an ill- ness of less than four days. He was very young when his parents removed to Jer- sey City, and there attended the public schools and the Hasbrouck Institute. He was of a bright, ambitious and energetic nature, and was yet a young lad when he be- came associated with liis father m the pottery business, a thorough knowledge of which he acquired under the conscientious tuition of his father. He had not quite attained his majority when the firm of Thomas Maddock & Sons was established. In this relation he had ample opportunity for the display of his remarkable executive ability. He was a keen student of human nature and an excellent judge of character. This enabled him to make the best selection of men to fill the positions in his control, and the friendly interest he always showed in the welfare of those under him made them regard him with a degree of affection not often found between master and man. His stem sense of justice never permitted him to leave a complaint uninvestigated, and the natural result of this was a harmony which was very satisfactory to both employer and employed. Business matters, however, were not allowed to engross all of his at- tention, and he served as police commis- sioner of Trenton- for a period of thirteen years, during three terms of which he serv- ed as president of the Police P>oard. Among other business enterprises with which he was connected were The Mechanics' National Rank of Trenton, of which he was a director ; a director of the Maddock Pot- tery Company ; a director of the Jonathan Ratley^ Crucible Company ; director of the Manufacturers' Association of New Jer- sey, and treasurer of the insurance com- pany in connection with this organization. One of his chief recreations was farming, and he maintained a beautiful summer home near Penningfton. New Jersey. He was not a member of any church, but his religious views were those of the Metho- dist denomination. Fraternally he was a member of the Order of h'ree and Accepted Masons, in which he attained the thirty- second degree ; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ; Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; Lotos, Tren- ton, Trenton Country, Republican and Fel- lowcraft clubs, all of Trenton. Mr. Maddock married, at Trenton, New Jersey, September 8, 1887, Kate Lent, a daughter of William and Anna Manser, and their son Harold S. was born Novem- ber 18, 1890: now vice-president of Thomas Maddock's Sons' Company. While the ideas of Mr. Maddock were conservative to a certain extent, he kept well in touch with the trend of the times, and incorporated in his plans for the development of the inter- ests in his charge, the best ideas to be gath- ered from other undertakings of a similar nature. He was a man of strong convic- tions, which he advocated with emphasis ; of strong principles, to which he consistent- ly adhered ; yet when the general good ap- peared to demand it, he could yield with grace to the will of the majority. SMITH. Charles Perrin, Leader in ComniTiiiity and National Affairs In the death of Charles Perrin Smith, the city of Trenton, State of New Jersey, and the country at large, lost a man of in- estimable value, a man whose every thought was unselfish devotion to his country, a man who lived only to better the condition of his fellow men. The name he bore is one of the most frequent occurrence as a surname in all English speaking lands. In the history of the world the "smith" has been a pioneer of civilization in every country, in every clime and in every age. He forged the swords and plowshares, and made the coats of mail and war chariots of all the nations of antiquity. His value as a member of the community has never been denied. Among our Anglo-Saxon ancestors the smith was a member of his lord's coun- 181 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY cil, and at feasts sat in the place of honor, at the lord's right hand. The name Smith, anciently spelled Smythe, is derived from "smite," and signifies "striker," or "one who beats," referring to the use of the hammer. It was one of the first occupative surnames adopted by an English speaking people when they stepped out of the twilight of the Middle Ages into the light of modern civilization. The surname has been borne by many distinguished men both in Eng- land and America, from early times to the present, and it now seems to be as sugges- tive of energy, industry and excellence as it was a thousand years ago. Charles Smith, great-grandfather of Charles Perrin Smith, married Margaret Perrin, a descendant of the Perrins of Vir- ginia, who were prominent in the Huguenot colony of that State. Samuel, eldest brother of General George Washington, married the widow of a Virginia Perrin. Perrin, son of Charles and Margaret (Perrin) Smith, suffered greatly in the de- struction of property by the conflagration of Norfolk, the despoiling of his plantation, and the carrj ng away of his negroes by the British and refugees. He married Mar- garet Wishart, a sister of Thomas Wishart, who lost his life in the Continental army, and of George, who was captured by the enemy and never returned. George Wishart Smith, son of Perrin and Margaret (Wishart) Smith, was an officer in the Maryland Line during the War of i8i2, and at the head of his command took part in the repulse of the enemy at St. Michael's, by which action that part of the State was relieved from further invasion. He was a resident of Talbot county, Mary- land, at the time of his marriage, but a short time prior to his death had removed to Philadelphia, where his death occurred. He was related by marriage to the Calverts, Singletons. Moseleys, Dudleys, Hancocks, Lands, Scantlings, and other prominent families of the State of Virginia. He mar- ried Hannah Carpenter Ellet, who in the paternal line was a direct descendant of Governor Thomas Lloyd and Samuel Car- penter, intimate friends and coadjutors of William Penn. Watson says : "The name of Samuel Carpenter is connected with everything of a public nature in the early annals of Pennsylvania; I have seen his name at every turn in searching the records. He was the Stephen CJirard of his day in wealth, and the William Sansom in the im- provements he suggested and the edifices he built. He was one of the greatest im- provers and builders in Philadelphia, and after William Penn the wealthiest man in the Province." Governor Thomas Lloyd, a member in high standing of the Society of I'riends. because of religious persecution, left his native country, Wales, and with his family joined Penn in the colonization of Pennsylvania. He was a son of Charles and Elizabeth (Stanley) Lloyd, the latter of the Stanley-Derby family, and the former of Dolobran, and a descendant of Aleth, Prince of Dyfed whose line can be traced to the sixth century. The Lloyds are allied to many distinguished noble families, and trace their descent to Margaret, daughter of Philip le Hardie. King of France, and who was queen of Edward I. of England. The name is found in honorable connection with some of the most important events in English history. Rachel, a daughter of Governor Thomas Lloyd, married Samuel Preston, of Maryland, who was mayor of Philadelphia in 171 1. Their daughter Han- nah married Samuel Carpenter, son of the Samuel Carpenter mentioned above, then the family became allied by marriage with the Ellets. The maternal line of Hannah Carpenter (F.llet) Smith is descended from John Smith, a colleague of Fenwick in the settlement of West Jersey. Charles Perrin Smith, son of (George Wis- hart and Hannah Carpenter (Ellet) Smith, was bom in Philadelphia, in 1819, during a temporary residence of his family in that city, and died at his home in Trenton, New Jersey. June 2"], 1883. He was a very young 182 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY lad when he removed to Salem, New Jer- sey, and in that section his education was acquired. He was heir to great wealth, wliicli was managed by an executor, and he placed it in the Bank of Maryland, at Balti- more, which later failed, and in the course of a few days, all of it was lost. The entire course of his life was changed by tliis failure. Instead of having wealth at his command, he was obliged to depend upon !]is own efforts for support, but this ap- peared to furnish an impulse which would other jvise have been lacking. At an early age he formed a business connection with "The Lyceum," at that time the most im- l)Ortant institution of its kind in the State. He wrote for the press on many subjects and gradually achieved success. At the age of twenty-one years he became the editor and proprietor of "The National .Standard," and not long afterward, of "The Harri- sonian." These papers were financially in straits at the time Mr. Smith took charge of them, but he labored with undaunted courage and energy until he had cleared them from their difficulties, and made them active factors in the Harrison presidential campaign. He also made them the medium for encouraging other important measures, among these being the cause of manufacture in Salem, the erection of the lunatic asylum at Trenton, the abolition of imprisonment for debt, the more frequent and thorough establishment of public schools, and the furnishing of relief and employment to the poor. Temperance and morality were themes constantly discussed in these publi- cations, with very satisfactory results. The Whig Association of Salem was called into being by Mr. Smith, and he was its presi- dent. He was one of the organizers of the Salem Insurance Company and the Building .Association, becoming a director of the last mentioned. He was the first to broach the subject of a County Agricultural Society, and was called into office as secre- tary of this association. Although the com- munity was a Democratic one, Mr. Smith was honored by almost unanimous election to membership in the Board of Freeholders, and also as director. When the National Guard was the only military organization south of Trenton, he was captain in this body, and he served as judge-advocate of the Salem Brigade. He served as a mem- ber of the Whig County Committee for a period of eleven years, and the zeal and energy which he supported by his writings in "The National Standard," in favor of the Whig party, resulted in placing every branch of the State government in the hands of that party. In 1848 he permitted his name to be used as a candidate for the office of surrogate. He was defeated by a very small majority, but the vote cast for him was with two exceptions the largest ever cast for any candidate in the county. In 1851 he abandoned editorial work, and about this time toured about six thousand miles in the west and northwest, later pub- lishing valuable statistical and other in- formation concerning this trip. He wrote and published much concern- ing the importance of developing the re- sources of West Jersey by the construc- tion of a railroad, and in connection with this idea, called a public meeting on his own responsibility. His efforts in this di- rection were opposed by the Camden Sr .■\mboy Railroad Company. He was nom- inated for the Legislature at this time, and while he had many and bitter opponents, he won the election, his vote in the Demo- cratic city of Salem being "twice as large as ever before cast for any candidate tmder any circumstances." While in the Senate he was assigned to membership in the com- mittees on education and treasurer's ac- counts. It was largely owing to his in- stnnnentality that the bill to establish a State Normal School was reported and passed. Among the most important bills, the passage of which he advocated, were those against bribery at elections, and i)ro- viding employment for the poor. It is not po>^sible, within the limits of this article, to '83 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY discuss in detail all the benefits arising from the presence of Mr. Smith in the Legisla- ture, but the influence of the measures he introduced and supported, is a wide-reach- ing one. It was largely owing to his de- termined efforts that Lincoln was nominated to the presidency, and of the wide-spread and beneficial eflFects of that movement, there is no need to speak. At the outbreak of the rebellion, Mr. Smith considered his duty clearly defined. Ardent in his sup- port of the L'nion from the outset, he em- ployed all his personal and official influence in encouraging patriotism through the me- dium of the press. When Lincoln passed through Trenton on his way to Washington to be inaugurated. Mr. Smith was selected to take charge of the official delegation from Philadelphia, and he otherwise fully par- ticipated in the ceremonies at the State Capitol. His work in connection with the Civil War can best be described in the words of an eminent authority, who wrote : "On the i6th of April. 1861, Mr. Smith form- ally addressed a letter to Governor Olden, earn- estly proffering his services to the State and Nation for any duty whereby they could best be rendered available. The Governor accepted his offer, and promised employment. It having trans- pired that Fort Delaware was liable to be cap- tured by disloyalists. Mr. Smith was dispatched to Philadelphia to take such action in arousing the authorities as he might deem necessary. Through his representations, based on informa- tion of a reliable nature transmitted to him. the fort was garrisoned by the Commonwealth .\r- tillcry and the danger averted. He also procur- ed tents for the unsheltered regiments through General Patterson, and medical and surgical supplies through General Wool. The following service was referred to by the adjutant-general in his annual report: Mr. Smith was hastily dis- patched to N'ew York, and under extraordinary circumstances procured nearly twenty-five thous- and rounds of musket ball cartridges and one hundred thousand percussion caps for the four regiments already en route for the seat of war. and placed it on board the flotilla at midnight during the prevalence of a severe storm The ammunition, transportation, etc.. were only ob- tained through most persistent efforts, and sole- ly upon his personal responsibility, at a period 184, when neither the New York authorities or rail- road companies would e.xtend credit to the State. He was frequently dispatched to New York, Philadelphia and Washington, on important missions, passing down the Potomac in front of the enemies' batteries, visiting our camps in Vir- ginia, and. in brief, proceeding everywhere and doing everything required of him. He made a midnight trip to Washington while the enemy were crossing the Potomac above that city, and rumors of burning bridges and Cavalry raids were rife along the route, and he disregarded warnings to leave Washington while there was yet time until he had faithfully performed his duty. His visits to the War Department were eminently successful, and on one occasion, as informed, he saved for the State seventy-five thousand dollars through tact and energy in ob- taining interviews with the Secretary of War at critical and seemingly impossible periods. These journeys were generally dernier resorts, and were always successful. Governor Olden, in expressing his acknowledgments, emphatical- ly remarked : 'You have performed for the State important service, and relieved my mind of great anxiety;' and again he was character- ized in the Executive Department as one who never failed, .\mong other services he was in- strumental, at the request of the Governor, in re- taining Hcxamer's famous battery in the service of the State after it had resolved, and was al- ready striking tents, to take service in New York. A very brief delay, and the heroic rec- ord of this battery would not now form one of the most brilliant chapters in the military his- tory of the State." Mr. Smith was one of that class of bu.sy men who, because of their activity, appear always to have time left for new duties and responsibilities. He was a member of an important committee of the Sanitary Fair in Philadelphia, of the Camden Auxiliary Sanitary Committee, and one of the or- ganizers, by appointment, of the Trenton branch of the New Jersey Sanitary Commis- sion. Governor Olden entrusted to him the nomination of officers for one of the best regiments raised in West Jersey, and he named all with the exception of the chap- lain and surgeon. His recommendations for other regiments were also invariably suc- cessful. He became commander of the Trenton Artillery at a time when this was CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY the only organization of its kind in the State. He was the leading spirit in the organization of the Union League of Tren- ton, and was indefatigable in his activities in its interests, his name being the first on the roll of about one thousand, and at vari- ous times he filled almost all the offices. As vice-president of the State Loyal League he was frequently called upon to discharge the duties of the executive office. In con- nection with his work for these various as- sociations, it is but proper to state that his services were given without expectation of remuneration of any kind, and that even his traveling and other incidental expenses were defrayed by himself. So great was his patriotism and confidence in the govern- ment that, when affairs were at the lowest ebb, he invested all of his available fortune in government funds. Governor Olden re- nominated Mr. Smith, as a LTnion man, clerk of the Supreme Court, and with but a very few exceptions, he received the rec- ommendation of every man of prominence in the State, irrespective of political party. .Among the duties discharged by Mr. Smith was that of taking charge of and entertain- ing Secretary of State Seward. Private Sec- retary Lincoln, and others of the govern- ment committee, on the occasion of the re- ception of the remains of Minister Dayton, upon their arrival from Europe. Immedi- ately after the election of November, 1867, Mr. Smith inaugurated a movement for the nomination of General Grant to the presidency. It was due to his efforts that the act was passed for compulsory educa- tion, and he succeeded Governor Olden as one of the commissioners to enlarge the State House. This also was an office carry- ing no compensation. The success of the Centennial Celebration in Trenton was ascribed largely to the personal efforts of Mr. Smith. The leisure hours of Mr. Smith were devoted to literary labors, and he achieved a reputation in this field both in this coun- try and in Great Britain. He was elected i8S a member of the famous Powysland His- torical Society of Wales, corresponding member of the New England Historic and Genealogical Society of Boston, and honor- ary member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. The first mentioned society invited him to pay them a visit, and he was entertained by them most royally. He was tendered the position of aide-de-camp by the governor, and was an honorary member of many military organizations, the soldiers composing these all looking upon him as a friend, and decorating him with their badges. For a considerable period of time he served as foreman of the grand jury of the United States. Two extensive tours were made throughout Europe, the publish- ed accounts of these, furnished by Mr. Smith, making most interesting reading, and he also traveled extensively in his own country and Canada. Mr. Smith was the owner of a fine private yacht, and in this he was in the habit of cruising along the coast of the United States, and thus became thor- oughly well acquainted with it. His taste in art matters was an exceptionally fine one, and many rare pictures adorned the walls of his fine home, which was rendered even more attractive by a well and a carefully selected librar}-. For many years he was a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and for a long time a delegate to the Dio- cesan Convention. An excellent portrait of Mr. Smith, painted by Miss Sinnickson, of Philadelphia, hangs in the rotunda of the State Capitol at Trenton, having been pre- sented by his daughter, Miss Elizabeth .M- ford Smith. Mr. Smith married, in 1843, Hester A., a daughter of Matthew Driver, Esq., of Caroline county, Maryland. DUNHAM, Sering Potter. Merchant, Financier, ProsressiTe Citiien. Among the |)rominent men of Trenton, New Jersey, who were actively identified with her business and financial interests, CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY as well as making their presence and in- fluence felt for good in many other direc- tions, was the late String Potter Dunham, president of the well known firm, S. P. EHmham & Company. The surname Dunham is derived from an old English place name, and is spelled in various ways — Denham, Donham, Down- ham, Dunham. The ancient coat-of-arms of the English Dunhams is described as fol- lows : Azure, on a chief indented or, a label gules. The arms borne by Sir John Dunham (1498) were quartered with those of Bovvett, Zouche, Berge and Bellaqua. The family of the American immigrant can be traced to the very beginning of the use of surnames in England, Rychert Donham being of record in Devonshire. England, in T294, where his forbears had probably liv- ed for generations. John Dunham, a lineal descendant of Ry- chert Donham, was born in Scrooby. Eng- land, in 1589, and died in New England, March 2. 1668-69. He came to America on the "Mayflower," but on account of re- ligious difficulties had changed his name to that of Goodman. He married in Leyden, Holland, October 17. 1619, Abigail Wood, a distant relative. He was chosen deacon of the church in Plymouth, New England, in 1633. He was a useful and prominent citizen, and was one of the purchasers of the town of Dartmouth. He was a weav- er by trade, and a deputy to the General Court. He had eleven children. David Dunham, great-great-great-grand- son of John Dunham, and grandfather of Sering P. Dunham, purchased the homestead at Larger Cross Roads, more than a cen- turj' ago, ane- cember 12, 1866, Anna Laura Bergen, who died January 5, 1908. She was the daugh- ter of James and Phebe (Peterson) Ber- gen, and a descendant of Hans Hansen, who came to this country about 1660. He became the owner of large quantities of land along the shores of the Hudson river, the name being perpetuated in Bergen county, Bergen Point, Bergen Heights of Brooklyn, etc. Mr. and Mrs. Dunham had children: i. Edward WoodrufT, a member of the firm of S. P. EKinham & Company, of Trenton ; married Julia Coe Silvers, of Cranbury, New Jersey. 2. James Henry, a Presbyterian clergyman, and pastor at Mount Holly, New Jersey ; married Mary MacMulhn Barrows. 3. Mary Potter, mar- ried Francis Vaux Wilson, a member of the well known Philadelphia family of that name, a member of which was Richard Vaux, mayor of the city, and United States Minister to the Court of St. James, his de- scendant, Francis Vaux Wilson, being an artist of note. 4. John Scudder, also a mem- ber of the firm of S. P. Dunham & Com- pany. 5-6. Frederick and Elvie, died in infancy. 7. George Bergen, died at the age of sixteen years. An estimate of the character of Mr. Dunham, and ihe general esteem in which he was held, may be formed from the fol- lowing extracts, which were published at the time of his death. The Presbyterian cler- gyman said in part : "Mr. Dunham was our senior elder in point of age as well as dur- ation of service. He was also, it may be said without disparagement to his younger brethren, a man well equipped to stand at the head in all councils and work of the session. Nature has done much for him. He was possessed 6f a fine personal pres- ence : he had a vigorous and alert mind, of great business capacity, and unusually well 187 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY equipped in every way to be what he assur- edly was, one of our foremost citizens. The cultured and balanced poise of his charac- ter was the fruitage, in part, of a noble family line. What he has thus received he has passed on to his children without cloud or stain." The "Trenton Gazette" said in part : "Business was his hobby. He was devoted to it whole-heartedly, and seldom it was that he took a vacation, though he often needed one. He found nothing but extreme pleasure in attending to his mercantile af- fairs, and being the possessor of rare exe- cutive ability, built up by honest and fair dealing an enormously large business. Even of late years, when ill health troubled him, Mr. Dunham would adhere to past custom and visit the store every day. He no more thought of remaining at home on a stormy day than he did when it was sunshiny and clear. It was this close application to bus- iness, this uncommon display of interest and capacity, that made Mr. Dunham what he was when he died — what he by all means deserved to be — successful ! In addition to his liking for his business, he was always fond of his many employes, all of whom held hini in the highest esteem, and real- ized that their efforts to please never went unaj)preciated. Mr. Dunham was also be- loved by men in all walks of life, and his death cast sorrow over many circles." On the day of his funeral, all the prin- cipal business houses in Trenton closed their doors and business stopped as a mark of the deep respect in which he was held by his fellow citizens. BODINE, Dr. Joseph L., Leading Medical Practitioner and Writer. The success Dr. Joseph L. Rodine so deservedly won in his profession never un- duly elated him nor caused him to vary from the modest simplicity of his manner. A nature of singular sweetness, openness and sincerity was his. He had a profound knowledge of human nature, and his judg- 1. ent was sound and unerring. As a citizen, :i^ well as in his capacity as a physician, Dr. Bodine won the confidence and esteem of all with whom he held relations. Jean Bodine, of Cambray, is said to have removed to Medis, Province of Saintonge, France, where his son was born. He was doubtless a Huguenot, and left his native land because of religious persecution. A short stay was made in Holland and in F.ngland, prior to coming to New York, where he arrived before November 3, 1677. It is Known that he settled on Staten Island before 1686. and his death occurred in 1694. Jean Bodine, son of Jean Bodine, was born in France, May 9, 1645, and died in New Jersey, after March, 1736. With his second wife, Esther, her parents and her brother, he was naturalized in London, Eng- land, March 21, 1682, and for a time re- sided at Rye. in Sussex, where two of his children were born. Having emigrated, we finil him living on Staten Island at the time of the death of his father. May 12, 1701, he purchased eighty acres of land in East Jersey, at Charles Neck, opposite Staten Island. He married (first) Maria, Janu- ary II, 1680, daughter of Jean Crocheron, also an emigrant to Staten Island ; (second) Esther, daughter of Francois and Jeanne Susanne Bridnn. There were five children by each marriage. Francis Bodine, son of Jean and Esther (Bridon) Bodine. was probably bom in England, and died shortly after March, 1736. Lentil 1726 he was a resident of Staten Island. He married Maria, daugh- ter of James and Mary (Mulliner) Dey. of Staten Island, and they had at least three children, and probably others. Francis Bodine, son of Francis and Maria (Dey) Bodine. was born on Staten Island. Prior to 1745 he settled at Cran- bury, on the border of Middlesex county, New Jersey. November i, 1775. he had about thirty acres of land surveyed in Tranquility Swamp, on Wading river. Lit- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tie Egg Harbor township, Burlington coun- ty, New Jersey, and this was in the posses- sion of his children as late as 1820. The name of his first wife, by whom he had three children, is not known, and he mar- ried (second) Rachel Wilson. John Bodine, son of Francis Bodine and his first wife, was born at Cranbury, Mid- dlesex county, New Jersey, in 1746, and died at Wading river, March 26, 1826. Early in life he removed to Burlington county, where he became proprietor of the inn at Wading river which he conducted for forty years. He was a prosperous farmer and an extensive land owner. An ardent patriot, he served in the Continental army through- out the Revolutionary War, rising from the rank of private to that of captain. He mar- ried (first) about 1773, Mary Roundtree ; (second) September 16, 1790, Ann Taylor, who survived him. He had five children by the first marriage, and ten by the second. Stacy Bodine, son of John and Mary (Roundtree) Bodine, was born October 2t, 1783. and died June 26, 1867. He married Elizabeth Budd. Daniel B. Bodine, son of Stacy and Eliza- beth (Budd) Bodine, was born near Mount Holly, New Jersey, April 16, 1814, and died in August, 1881. At an early age he engaged in business in Middletown, Mon- mouth county. New Jersey, and was very successful in this enterprise. He became identified with various financial enterprises, and at the time of his death was a member of the Board of directors of the Trenton Banking Company and the Trenton Savings Fund Society. The public aflFairs of the community received his earnest and consist- ent attention, and he became prominent in them after his removal to Trenton. From 185 1 to 1856 he was clerk in the Court of Chancery, and later was mayor of Trenton for two terms. His mother was a lineal descendant of William Budd, a brother of Thomas Budd, surveyor-general of West Jersey, and owner of a share proprietary. Mr. Bodine married Elizabeth Lamb. Dr. Joseph L. Bodine, son of Daniel B. and Elizabeth (Lamb) Bodine, was born at Pemberton, Burlington county. New Jer- sey, June 26, 1839, and died January 2, 1889. His elementary education was ac- C|uired in his native town, and upon his removal with his parents to Trenton, New Jersey, in 1 85 1, he became a student at Trenton Academy, in preparation for en- trance to Princeton College. He and his brother, the Rev. William B. Bodine, of Philadelphia, were graduated from this in- stitution in the class of i860, both being among the first five of this class. Having decided upon the medical profession as his life work, Dr. Bodine took up the study of medicine with his uncle, the former Gor- ernor George Franklin Fort, and also ma- triculated at the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in the class of 1865 with the degree of Doctor of Medi- cine. An interneship of one year was spent at the Episcopal Hospital of Philadelphia, and he then commenced the active practice of his profession in Trenton, with which he was prominently identified until his dcatli in the very prime of life. From the outset of his practice lie made his mark in his chosen profession, and at the time of his death had an unusually extensive and lucra- tive practice, although the latter quality was the one he least regarded, the alleviation of the sufferings of humanity being his chief :i'ni. He was especially successful in the treatment of mental afflictions, to which he gave much of his time. He was frequently called into consultation by his colleagues, and was for many years chief of the staff at St. Francis' Hospital, and consulting phy- sician to the New Jersey State Prison. His skill in the diagnosis of disease was so well recognized that he became an authority in this field. His discussion of medical sub- jects was always eagerly looked forward to by the State and Mercer county medical Societies, and he delivered numerous ad- dresses before the American Social Science .Association. He was well known as a pro- iRo CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY fessional writer, being a prolific contribu- tor, on the subjects of insanity and tiie care of the insane, to medical journals here and abroad. In spite of the manifold de- mands made upon his time by his profes- sional labors. Dr. Bodine was not neglectful of the public affairs of the community, but gave them to a considerable extent his per- sonal attention. Appointed by Governor Ludlow as a member of the State Sinking Fund Commission, his services to the State were of inestimable value, and he succeeded in placing the fund on a sound financial basis. His religious affiliation was with St. Michael's Episcopal Church, in which he served as a vestryman for a considerable number of years. Outside of his profes- sional and public service. Dr. Bodine, was of that modest, retiring disposition which is sometimes met with in combination with qualities of the highest order of excellence. He was charitable to a degree, but in a most quiet and unostentatious manner, and none but the recipients of his bounty will ever known the extent of his gifts. Dr. Bodine married. October 7, 1874, Frances P. Davis, and is survived by two children : Elizabeth D. ; and Joseph L., as- sistant district attorney, and member of the law firm of Vroom, Dickinson & Bodine. HOPPER, Abram G.. Leading Bnlldin^ Contractor. The late Abram G. Hopper, whose career was such as to warrant the trust and confi- dence of the business world and the regard of all with whom he was brought in con- tact, by reason of the fact that he ever con- ducted all transactions on the strictest prin- ciples of honor and integrity, was a de- scendant of a family which has been well and prominently known in the region of New Amsterdam and the New Netherlands for more than two and half centuries. There are in America three distinct Hop- per families. One is of Irish descent, an- other came from the county of Durham, England, and the third, by far the most numerous, is of Dutch ancestry. Abram G. Hopper was born November 29, 1855, in New York City, son of Gar- rett and Sarah (Hopper) Hopper. When he was about two years of age his parents removed to Oakland, settling on a farm, and there he was reared, attending the county school and acquiring a practical ed- ucation, which thoroughly prepared him for the activities of life. At the age of eighteen years he placed himself under the preceptorship of his uncle, Samuel Hopper, at Franklin, now Nutley. New Jersey, in order to learn the trade of mason, and af- ter mastering all the details of the same, in company with his brother, John, who was a carpenter by trade, went to Avon, Illinois, where his uncle. Samuel Yeomans, was then living. In that city .\bram G. Hopper engaged in business on his own ac- count, contracting for mason work, this en- terprise proving successful and remunera- tive, and he continued along the same line there until the year 1879, when he came to Paterson, New Jersey, on a visit, and while there formed a partnership with his cousin, Jacob Steel, engaging in a contracting bus- iness. Both of the partners being thorough business men. well grounded in their par- ticular line. exp>ert and enterprising, thor- oughly competent to cope with every ob- stacle in their path, the undertaking met with a large degree of success, in course of time becoming the largest in its line in the city of Paterson, having the contract for the erection of the majority of the prin- cipal buildings in and about Paterson, as well as many in other cities and States. The following is a list of the most noted: The Carnegie Laboratory of Engineering at Stevens Institute. Hoboken, New Jer- sey : Hopper Building in Paterson ; Dan- forth Public Library: Arnold building; Citizens' Trust Company building: Cohen building: the News Printing and Publish- ing Company building: Schwarzschild & Sulzberger Company building; Ball build- 190 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ing; Nathan building; Albert Tint build- ing; Williams building; Kinsella building; Ulrich building ; Simon building ; many of the public school and other public build- ings ; Isaac A. Hall's mills ; F. Harding & Sons' factory ; Paterson. Gas Office ; Young Men's Christian Association building ; Mo- saic Hall ; Park Avenue Baptist Church ; Western Methodist Episcopal Church ; Riv- erside Reformed Church ; and the resi- dences of Dr. O'Donnell, J. Leville Greggs, J. H. Steel and Abram G. Hopper. These buildings, which rank among the best in Paterson, stand as a monument to the skill and ability of the firm of which Mr. Hop- per was a member. Tlie plant and lumber yards were located at Nos. 46-48 North Second street, Paterson. and the name of Mr. Hopper was well and favorably known in business circles for three decades. He was a man capable of managing extensive business interests, conducted his affairs on terms that were fair alike to employer and employee, and thus avoided troubles so common in these days. He was systematic and methodical in the conduct of his busi- ness, and this orderly precision was one of the features in the prosperity that attended his well-directed efforts. As the years pass- ed the business grew to mammoth propor- tions, and ranked among the leading aiwl representative industries of Paterson. For many years he also operated a brick yard, being the proprietor of the same at the time of his death, which was a remunera- tive source of income. Mr. Hopper was courteous, genial and obliging, and these qualities rendered him very popular, so that his circle of friends was very extensive. He took a keen inter- est in local affairs, and was elected on the Democratic ticket to the office of freehold- er, in which capacity he served for one term, performing his duties satisfactorily. He was a director of the Paterson Sanitary Company, organized for the purpose of re- moving the garbage of Paterson, and for 191 about five years Mr. Hopper served as su- perintendent of the same, his tenure of of- fice being noted for efficiency and capabili- ty. He was a member of the Paterson Bus- iness Men's Association, in which he took an active interest. He was a constant at- tendant of the Second Reformed Church, for thirty years and finally became a mem- ber; a member of the Order of Free and Accepted Masons, Mason's Union, and the Royal Arcanum. He was a great lover of horses, of which he was an e.xcellent judge, being considered an authority on the sub- ject, and he was the possessor of fine driv- ing teams which were often seen in Pater- son and vicinity. Mr. Hopper married, April 28, 1880, Sarah Ann Pulis, of Ramsey, New Jersey, a daughter of William and Maria (Mow- erson) Pulis. Children: Maria L., who became the wife of Edward Kuhl Conine, of Trenton, New Jersey; Sarah, deceased Anna May, deceased ; Garrett, deceased Serena Beatrice; Annetta Roseland Abram G. Jr.; Emerald Jacob. Mr. Hop- per took an unusual interest in his home and family, spending all his leisure time there, and was ever a loving husband, af- fectionate father, ever thoughtful and con- siderate of the comfort of those dependent upon him. Mr. Hopper died at his home in Paterson, January 5, 1910, and later his widow .sold his business interest to his partner, Mr. Steel. Such is the brief review of the career of one who achieved not only honorable suc- cess and high standing among men. but whose entire life was irreproachably cor- rect, so that his character was blameless. His life record demonstrated the fact that success depends not upon circumstances or environment, but upon the man, and the prosperous citizens are those who are able to recognize and improve their opportuni- ties, as was the case with the late Mr. Hop- per. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY BENNETT, David Horton, Mannfacturer, Enterprising Citizen, From tlie beginning of his active life un- til his death, David Horton Bennett was associated with glass manufacture, the last thirty years of his life being passed as senior member of the firm of G. S. Bennett Com- pany, manufacturers of window glass and paints, located at No 112 and 114 North Ninth street, lie was a native of New Jersey, and Collingswood, Camden county, was his home at the time of his death, al- though Philadelphia had long been the scene of his business activity. Business associates of Philadelphia and intimates in social and civic life in Collingswood remember him as a Christian gentleman of high ideals and worthy life, a man who lived for the best and in whom there was no intentional fault. David Horton Bennett was a son of Wil- liam and Eliza (Pheifer) Bennett ; his uncle, Levi Pheifer, a former sheriff of Camden county, and, with Isaac Collings and Mr. Gibbs, one of the founders of the Collings- wood Methodist Episcopal Church. David Horton Bennett was born in Cum- berland, Cumberland county, New Jersey, February 5, 1848, and when he was five years old was taken by his parents to Wins- low, New Jersey, where he attended the public schools. .At the completion of his studies he became a glass blower, learning this trade under Andrew K. Hay, and from this time he was interested in the manu- facture and marketing of glass. About 1883 Mr. Bennett and his eldest son George founded the G. S. Bennett Company, manu- facturers of window glass and paints and dealers in painters' supplies, their place of business at No. 112 and 114 North Ninth street. After a number of years George Bennett retired from this line, his place in the firm being taken by Mr. Bennett's youngest son Frank, who was associated with his father until the latter's death and who now continues the business. Mr. Ben- nett, in connection with his Philadelphia IQ2 interests, operated a glass manufacturing plant at Millville, New Jersey, also head- ing a third enterprise at Spring City, New Jersey, the last organized as a stock com- pany, of w'hich he was president. Upright integrity and unswerving devotion to fair dealing were the leading characteristics of his daily business transactions, and in his long career he achieved a reputation which only honor and the strictest of probity can gain. His responsibilities were borne faith- fully and capably, and in any enterprise with which he was connected his was a leading mind and a willing hand. Mr. Bennett was a member of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, and supported the Republican party with his vote, although never a candidate for or an occupant of official position. He was allied with every progressive and uplifting movement in his town, and with constructive public spirit worked for its advancement and improve- ment. He married Anna M. .Abel, of Hammon- ton, New Jersey, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Wells) Abel, and had chil- dren : George S.. married Annie Ber- ger ; Laura G., married Robert Pond ; Harry, married Margaret Simpler : Frank, married Clara McNelly ; and Lillian K., unmarried. Mrs. Bennett survives her hus- band and resides in Collingswood, New Jer- sey. DELP, James A. H., Mannfactnrer, Pnblic Official. A man of action, of business talents and untiring energy, of actual achievements that have advanced the wealth and prosper- ity of the community, of undoubted public spirit, is a very fair description of the late James A. H. Delp, for many years of Trenton, New Jersey. He was prominent among the business men of Trenton who contributed energy and ability of a high order to the development of the city, and his manufacturing transactions showed that CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW lERSEY faculty of business imagination wliich is at the back of all large operations of a business nature. Not content with the humdrum methods of the conservative man- ufacturer, he organized schemes that put his work on a level with business cam- paigns of the first order. The propor- tionate increase in the volume of business transacted was phenomenal. In addition to being a shrewd and successful man of busi- ness, Mr. Delp acquired an honorable repu- tation as a citizen of much public spirit, and enjoyed the esteem and confidence of all with whom he had relations. While his family was a comparatively new one in the State of New Jersey, it had long been resident in America. The pioneer ancestor of the family was George Delp, who came to this country from Rotterdam, in the ship "Thistle," and arrived at Philadelphia, October 28, 1738. He located in Franconia township, now Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, became a large land owner there, and also acquired much property in Hilltown township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania. He and a number of his descendants lie buried in an old bury- ing ground known as "Delp's Grave Yard," in the northwestern part of Franconia township. George Delp, son of the pioneer, located in Hilltown township. George Delp, son of the second George Delp, was born in Hilltown township, removed to Bedminster Township in 1806, and died there, January i, 1830. He married Mar- garet Eydem and had five children. George Delp, in all probability a nephew of the third George Delp, and a descendant in the fourth generation from the pioneer, George Delp, was of Bucks county, Penn- .sylvania, where he married Elizabeth Spece. James A. H. Delp, son of George and Elizabeth (Spece) Delp, was born at Chal- font. Rucks county, Pennsylvania, Decem- ber 16, 1845, 3nd ^if<^ fit his home in Tren- ton, New Jersey, suddenly, February 9, 191 5. He acquired a sound, practical edu- cation in his native town, and then removed 193 n-13 to Trenton with his parents, with which city hi- interests were identified until his death. There he learned his trade under the auspices of the late Cornelius Vansant, whose place of business was located on the present site of Kolb's bakery. Beginning the manufacture of farming implements on a small scale, Mr. Delp gradually enlarged his business operations, until his concern was one of the most important in this line in the section, and added to it the business of a contractor, in which he was equally successful. For a period of more than forty years he manufactured farming implements and pumps, during the greater part of this time being located at No. 335 Pennington avenue. But it was not alone in the busi- ness world that Mr. Delp established a reputation for himself. The public affairs of the community were given his deep and serious attention, greatly to the benefit of those living in it. As a consistent member of the Republican party, he served three tenns in the common council of the city, his election being practically unanimous, as the Democratic party would nominate no candidate to oppose him, ample testimony to the esteem in which he was held by all. During his second term he served as a mem- ber of the committees on the poor, city liall, board of trade and parks. Many years ago he was a member of the county com- mittee, and was largely instrumental in hav- ing a part of Ewing township annexed to Trenton, thus adding to the area and im- portance of the city. He was appointed delegate to the National Rivers and Har- bors Congress held in Washington, District of Columbia, December 3-4-5, 191 3, but business reasons prevented his participa- tion in these meetings. Philanthropic and charitable to a degree, IMr. Delp did not confine his liberal donations to charitable institutions, but his private generosity was of .so unostentatious a nature, that it was but rarely that any save the recipients of his bounty, knew of it. Only the large numlx^r of mourners of the poorer class CYCLOPEDIA OI- NEW U'.RSEY who attended liis funeral services spoke eloquently of his charity. The Lutheran church is greatly indebted to the liberality of Mr. Delp. For many years he was a member of Christ Church, and was active in its interests. Later, when Grace Church, at Hillcrest. a suburb of Trenton, was or- ganized, in which proceeding Mr. Delp was an important factor, Mr. Delp affiliated with that, for a long time gave his services in the responsible office of superintendent of the Sunday school. Every pastor who came to Trenton found in him a liberal supporter and a friend on whom he could rely in every way. While Mr. Delp was a well known figure in the social life of the city, as befitted a man of his means and in- fluence, he found his chief source of pleas- ure in the home circle, and in the society of a few chosen friends. Rarely was any of his leisure time spent away from home. Mr. Delp married Anne E. Biddle, also a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, who survives him with their children: Mrs. W. A. Lebernight, Mrs. U. E. Apple, of Red Lion; Frances C. and Hiram A., of Trenton. Four brothers and three sisters of Mr. Delp are also living. ROW, James W.. Prominent Bank Official. Tames W. Row. late of Paterson, Nev, Jersey, was one of those men whose value to the community is hardly to be gauged by the positions they hold or the offices in which they have served. The weight and force of a fine example is of a benefit to a community not to be estimated in figures. nor set forth exactly in words, and to this class of men belonged the late James W. Row. He was a son of William Row, of the firm of Daggers & Row. bobbin mak- ers, well known in their day in Paterson. Tames W. Row was born in Paterson, New Jersey, September 25, 1850, and died May 16, 191 3. His earlier education was acquired in the public schools of his native city, where he displayed unusual ability in all mathematical studies, and this was sup- plemented by a comprehensive course at the liryant & Stratton Business College in New York City. Upon the completion of his education he obtained a position with the firm of Valentine & Company, in New York City, having become an expert ac- countant. His next field of activity was in the office of the clerk of Passaic county. New Jersey, which position he held until he accepted the position of bookkeeper in the Second National Bank of Paterson in 187 1. It was not long before he succeed- ed David Barnet as cashier in this institu- tion, an office he filled with ability for more than fifteen years. When he retired from this position in March, 1891, the Directors of the bank presented him with a handsome silver service. While Mr. Row was cashier, the other officers of the bank were : James Jackson, president : F. C. Van Dyk, vice- president ; William D. Blauvelt, assistant cashier. The bank had been established by George M. Simpson and others as the Pas- saic County Bank, in 1865. It passed into the hands of James Jackson and others in 187 1, and was reorganized as the Passaic County National Bank. In 1874 Congress passed an act making it the Second National Bank of Paterson. .\s an attendant of the Baptist church, Mr. Row was a liberal contributor to its support, as, indeed, he was also to numer- ous charitable undertakings. He never as- pired to public office, but gave his staunch support to the Republican party. He was of an intensely patriotic nature, and was one of the original members of the Phelps Guards of Paterson. He was a member of Monitor Lodge. No. 219, Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows, had held all the chairs in this order, and was always active in its service. Mr. Row married, September 24, 1873, Sophia Dougherty, a daughter of Joseph and Caroline (Spear) Dougherty, and a descendant of an old and wealthy family 194 ^ — CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of Paterson. Children : Martha, who mar- ried George M. Rushng, and has two chil- dren : Thelma and Earl ; William, a mer- chant in Paterson ; Joseph D., cashier of the Public Service Company at Passaic, New Jersey. Mrs. Row still lives at No. 269 Park avenue, Paterson. Mr. Row had a cheerful, friendly dis- position, and a finely developed character. He had gained an enviable position, and had implanted himself firmly in all that was best in business, in civic and in religious matters. His death deprived many inter- ests of a potent factor for good, and his associates and friends of a strong and lov- ing character. MELLSOP. John. Leading Importer, Ideal Citizen. In a long life of eighty-five years, John Mellsop, long a prominent tea importer of Philadelphia, completed the cycle of condi- tions and experiences that attend the achievement of fortune and position from humble estate. Coming to the United States from Ireland, his birthplace, in his youth, his only assets strong health and physical vigor, in Philadelphia he rose to important place in the tea trade and for many years was one of the two heads of the firm of James A. Aull & Company. With Mr. Aull he retired from business in his later years, took up his residence in Haddonfield, New Jersey, and there passed his remain- ing years. He took with him to the quiet of his rural home the regard and respect of his business associates, gained through years of upright and honorable transactions. John Mellsop, of Scotch Irish ancestry, was born at Belfast, Londonderry county. Ireland, December 9. 1827, son of Charles and Eliza (Bryson) Mellsop. His father, Charles Mellsop. died January 2, 1835, his mother, whom Charles Mellsop married November 3, 1820. dying March 8, 1832. John Mellsop attended the public schools of the county of his birth until his fifteenth 195 year, when he entered upon an apprentice- ship with Hugh and Thomas Bellas, dealers in hardware, his indenture papers calling for five years service. This term he com- pleted, but immediately afterward put into action a plan he had formulated in that time, immigration to the United States. Arriving in Philadelphia after a long sail of several months, he at once sought work. The impulse that drove him from his native land was one of restless ambition that saw no opportunity for gratification in Ireland, and when on American shores he accepted the first position that was open to him. that of porter in a large tea importing house. His strength and agility were the qualifica- tions that won him this position, but it 10 chanced that he had immediately found the field in which he was destined to continue. Faithfulness and industry found their due reward in sucessive promotions, and his close attention and devotion to the in- terests of the house caused those in au- thority above him to repose in him unbound- ed confidence and to place upon his shoul- ders weighty responsibility. Admission to the firm was at length offered him, the title of the concern, which had formerly been Qark & Aull, then becoming James A. Aull & Company, .^s partner Mr. Mellsop exert- ed even greater efforts for the success and prosperity of the business than he had put forth as trusted employee, and for nearly half a century the house of James A. Aull & Company held a position of leadership in the tea importing trade in Philadelphia. The business, located on South Front street, was dissolved in the height of its success- ful existence, when Mr. Aull and Mr. Mell- sop felt that the cares of its management were too weighty for their increasing years. A resident of Philadelphia for the greater part of his life, Mr. Mellsop made the at- tractions of his retirement complete by his residence in the beautiful and historic town of Haddonfield, New Jersey, a short dis- tance across the Delaware from the scene of his life's activities. He was a Presbv- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY terian in religious belief, and throughout his entire life took a worker's part in that denomination. For a number of years he served the Fourth Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia as elder, and was long con- nected with its Sunday school in the ca- pacity of superintendent. In Haddonfield he became affiliated with the First Church. He supported church organizations with his means and services, and in a quiet and unostentatious manner gave liberally to many charities. His responsibilities to- ward his fellow men, and particularly to- ward those to whom fortune had been less kind than to him, were met in a manly and sympathetic manner. He died, February 13, 1912, as he had lived, a Christian gentle- man. John Mellsop married Sophia Cunning- ham, born in Ireland, who came to the United States shortly after his arrival. They were the parents of one daughter, Elizabeth Anne, who married the late Charles Jordan, of Philadelphia, and now resides in Had- donfield, the mother of two daughters, Ethel and Hazel. BREAKENRIDGE, John H., Man of Large Affairs. The name of John H. Breakenridge will be remembered as typical of that high or- der of citizenship the members of which, as a class, are, perhaps, the most valuable section of the community, the citizenship which, while taking an active interest in all matters of the common weal, social, finan- cial and political, and participating in the active life of the world as far as private duties demand, yet prefers to remain aloof from the contaminating influences of pub- lic life, content to impress itself upon the environment through a judicious but firm expression of opinion, and a consistent ad- herence to its own ideals of virtue and hon- or. In the case of Mr. Breakenridge. the Republican party, with which he was affil- iated, often pressed warmly upon him many of the offices within its gift, yet not less frequently did he refuse the proffered dis- tinction. Mr. Breakenridge was a native of New York City, where he was born November 12, 1862, a son of Andrew and Elizabeth Taylor Breakenridge of that city, yet his life was nevertheless identified with New- ark, the city of his adoption, where he liv- ed and carried on his business, and with whose social life he was associated. When he was still a little child, his father moved to the latter place, and here, in the public schools of the region, he gained his edu- cation. When the time came for forming business connections, Mr. Breakenridge entered the employ of the great Lister Chemical Works, where he gained such a reputation for probity and business acu- men that he later was chosen manager of the huge Lister estate, a position he held for many years. On March 20, 1889, he formed a partnership in real estate and in- surance with Mr. Halsey Tichenor, and this connection continued until the time of his death. From the start, the firm was eminently successful and later grew to be one of the wealthiest of its kind in the city. Mr. Breakenridge was married to Miss Emily Wood, a daughter of Isaac and Katherme (Mattershead) Wood, and their union was blessed with one son, John H. Breakenridge, born December 27, 1892, who now is grown to early manhood. The great variety of Mr. Breakenridge's activities and interests is nowhere better evidenced than in a recital of the various organizations of which he was a member. It has already been mentioned that he was a Republican of sufficient prominence to be frequently urged to hold office. He was also a member of the Newark Board of Trade, a member of Trinity Church, a trus- tee of St. Barnabas Hospital and a mem- ber of the Baltusrol and Forest I fill Golf clubs. The death of Mr. Breakenridge occurred on February 20, 1907, when he was but 196 ^. yy^73ytcoJl^-i^ur'^°'(^ ' CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY forty-five years old, in the midst of a career, which, already successful, gave ample promise of increasing usefulness and influence. He left a name which will not cease to be remembered with affection by hi> friends and witli respect by the whole communitv. LAMBERT, George Henry, Civil War Veteran, Enterprising Citizen. In the death of George Henry Lambert. brevet major of LTnited States Volunteers, the city of New Brunswick, New Jersey, lost one of its most devoted citizens, and tlie community in general an esteemed and honored fellow worker. He was a son of George and Caroline (Haskell) Lambert, the fonner born in Dublin, April 9, 1809, the latter born in Newbury, June 26, 1808, died July 2, 1839. The Lambert family is a very ancient one, and originated as fol- lows : The name was formerly spelled Lom- bard, and some branches still retain this form. The earliest accounts of the Lom- bards indicate that they were a roving clan from Scandinavia (Norway), that they settled and lived for a time in Vindili (in Germany), until, attracted by the fine plains of Modena, they quit their mountain fast- nesses, and took possession of and found- ed one of the most powerful states in Italy. The significance of the name Lom- bard in their language was "long beard," as history informs us that the members of this clan parted their hair and suffered it to grow to whatever length it might attain. From this circumstance the ancient state in which they established themselves took its name. When William the Conqueror in- vaded England, he took with him Rodolph de Lambert, as his armor bearer or knight at arms. His name appears to indicate that his family was from Lombardy, as the "de" signifies "from" or "of." It appears by English heraldry that Rodolph de Lambert had a family in Normandy prior to going into England. "Of this ancient family of Norman-French extraction, one branch set- tled in Bologna in Italy, and has always been considered one of the most illustrious in that place. Cardinal Lambertini of this family was elected Bishop of Rome, 1730, and took the title of Benedict XIV. He claims relationship with the family of the Earl of Craven, whose descent is traced from Rodolph de Lambert, who went to England with William the Conqueror.'" Rodolph de Lambert left one son, Hugh, and from him are descended all of the sur- name in England and North America. Hugh, had by his wife, Matilda, Sir Wil- liam, his heir, who married Gundred, daughter of the Earl of Warren and Sur- rey, by Gundred, fourth daughter of Wil- liam the Conqueror, and widow of Robert de Bellamont, Earl of Warwick. By her he had a son, Henry, standard bearer to Henry II. He married Alice, sister of Wil- liam Manderville, Earl of Essex. He had a son, John, who settled in Skipton, in York, and who had two sons. Sir Edmund ami Thomas, and from these there descend- ed many. George Henry Lambert was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, July 14, 1837, and died at his home in New Bruns- wick, New Jersey, February 19, 1910. His education was a liberal one, and was ac- quired in schools in his native town, and in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In the early seventies he removed to New Brunswick, New Jersey, where he became greatly in- terested in farming operations for some time. In connection with this line of indus- try he became the secretary of the Mid- dlesex Farmers' Oub, in which office he rendered excellent service. Subsequently he was a member of the staff of the "Home News" for a number of years, and finally became a,ssociated with the Janeway & Car- penter Company, manufacturers of wall pai)er, as secretary of the corporation, and was the incumbent of this office at the time of his death, having held it for many years. 197 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY He was a devout and consistent member of Christ Episcopal Church of New Bruns- wick. Mr. Lambert married, December 10. 1900, Antonia, a daughter of Gustavus and Emma (Haufifbauer) Fischer. He had no children. The mihtary career of Brevet Major Lambert is an mteresting one, and is given in the words of the Report of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, in which organization he took a deep interest, and rarely failed to attend its meetings : "George H. Lambert was appointed from civil life a first lieutenant in the Ii6th United States Infantry, and was mustered into service as such August 14, 1864, at Camp Nelson, Kentucky. During September and October of 1864 he took part with his company and three other com- panies of his regiment, in the expedition under General Burbridge. which sought to destroy the Confederate salt works in Southwest Virginia, and the East Tennessee & Virginia railroad. Upon the return of his command to Camp Nel- son, it was ordered to rejoin the regiment which it did at Chapin's Farm, Virginia, in front of Richmond, early in November, 1864. and became a part of the 10th .Army Corps. Upon the or- ganization of the 25th Army Corps, the 1 i6th U. S. C. Infantry became a part of the Second Division of this corps, and was included in the Army of the James. Lieutenant Lambert serv- ed with his regiment in the siege of Richmond until March 25. 1865 ; was with it in the move- ment of part of the Army of the lames to the vicinity of Hatcher's Run. Virginia, on the left of the Army of the Potomac ; took part in the capture of the outer defences of Petersburg, April 3rd. and then, under Sheridan and Ord, took up the rapid pursuit of Lee. which ended in his surrender at .Appomattox Court House, on April 0, 1865. On .April 8th, his regiment made a march of forty-seven miles and halted at one o'clock in the morning of April Qth about three miles from .Appomatto.x Court House. In the early morning of .April gth. General Gordon, commanding the Confederate advance, sought to move out of .Appomattox Court House toward Lynchburg, when he soon encountered out Cavalry and the Infantry Divisions of the 24th and 25th Corps were sent forward on the double quick to meet him and stop his advance, which they soon did. and the surrender of Gen- eral Lee and his army followed soon thereafter. On April nth the regiment began its re- turn march to City Point, Virginia, where it re- mained until May 26th. when it embarked with the rest of the 25th Army Corps tor Texas and disembarked at Brazos Santiago, 1 exas, June 23, 1865. Lieutenant Lambert was promoted to cap- tain. May 22. 1865, and on July 6th was assign- ed to the command of Company D of his reg- iment. He served with it at Roma and White's Ranch. Texas, until .September, 1866. and at New Orleans. Louisianna. from September 29, 1866. until his regiment was mustered out of service at New Orleans. January 17, 1867. He was breveted major for faithful and meritor- ious services." BARRETT, CoL Michael T., Liaxrjer, Financier, Leg:islator. It cannot be denied that the members of the legal fraternity are more prominent ac- tors in public affairs than any other class of the community, this being but the natural result of causes which are mani- fest and require no explanation. The abil- ity and training which qualify a man to practice law also qualify him in many re- spects for duties which are outside the strict path of his profession, and which touch the general interests of society. Hav- ing held marked precedence among the members of the bar in New Jersey, was the late Ex-State Senator Michael T. Barrett, of Newark, who was distinguished for mental clearness and vigor and for high standards of professional honor. He was a son of Timothy Barrett, a hatter by trade, and om of the pioneer Catholic settlers in New Jersey. Michael T. Barrett was born .August 9, 1856, on the Barrett homestead, which is now in Woodside township, but was at that time a part of Belleville. His death oc- curred at his summer home at Elberon, New Jersey, June 7, 1914, after an illness of about two years' duration. His elemen- tary education was obtained in a school in Belleville, and he then became a pupil in .St. Patrick's Cathedral School, then known as the Christian Brothers' School. This was located several miles from the home JCLt.^ CYCLOrEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of Mr. Barrett, and he walked this distance every day in the company of several friends, among them being Judge Thomas J. Lintott. Upon leaving this institution, Mr. Barrett matriculated at St. Benedict's College, and when he had finished his stud- ies there, entered a broker's office, where he was busied for a period of five years, during which time he utilized all his spare moments in broad and diversified reading. Having decided that he was best fitted for legal work he engaged in the study of law with the earnestness which characterized all he undertook, and was admitted to prac- tice at the bar in 1879. During his earlier years as an attorney he was obliged to en- counter the difficulties usually in store for beginners in this field who are without in- fluence, but his ambition and indomitable energy overcame all obstacles, and gradu- ally success came to him. For more than thirty years he was the town counsel of Harrison, being still in practice in this of- fice at the time of his death, and during this long period of time had kept the town free from litigation. As a mark of appre- ciation of these services, the town council had on several occasions wished to increase his salary, but Mr. Barrett had consistently refused. He was the counsel for the United States Brewing .Association, and in this capacity went to England and sold sev- eral millions of dollars worth of association stock control to a British syndicate. He was counsel and director of the German Savings Bank of Newark, for twenty-five years counsel of the Belleville Building and Loan Association, and counsel for the fol- lowing corporations individually : Gott- fried Krueger Brewing Company, Peter Hauck & Company, the Home Firewing Company, the Essex Brewing Company, Lyons' Brewery, Christian Feigenspan, In- corporated, Union Brewing Company, and the Eagle Brewing Company. In iSSf) Mr. Barrett was elected to the .State Assembly from what was at that time the Fifth District, receiving a plurali- ty of 437. The following year he was a Democratic candidate for the State Senate, but was defeated by a Republican plurali- ty of 1029. In 1890 he was again the Dem- ocratic candidate for the State Senate, was elected by a majority of 1961, being the, first Democrat to be elected to that office in thirty years. Upon the expiration of his term of office he was renominated, but the panic which swamped the Democratic party in 1893 caused his defeat. During his term as State Senator, Mr. Barrett served on many important committees a.ul, when Governor Abbett commenced his sec- ond term of office, he at once appointed .Mr. Barrett a member of his personal staff, with the honorary rank of colonel. When (jovcrnor Werts entered upon the duties of his office, he conferred a similar ap- pointment and rank upon Mr. Barrett. For the sixteen years that the Democratic party was out of power, Mr. Barrett devoted his time and attention wholly to his profession- al work. Governor John Franklin Fort a]i]iointed him a trustee of the State Re- formatory at Rahway, he was reappointed by Governor Woodrow Wilson, and his term of office would have expired in 1916. He married, in 1883, Catherine, a daugh- ter of Peter Hauck, Sr., the well known brewer of Harrison. They had one son : Hugh C. who had been associatd with his father as an attorney. Mr. Barrett was al- so survived by a sister. Mrs. John Wade, of Harrison. The law offices of Mr. Barrett had al- ways been located in the old Kinney build- ing, and he took other offices elsewhere only long enough to permit the new Kin- ney building to be erected, when he return- ed to that location. The death of Mr. Bar- rett was a great shock in all circles in the city, although it had been known that he was a sufferer for at least two years. His was a nature of such courage and deter- mination that he fought illness inch by inch, long after many a man might have suc- cumbed. Through all the varied responsi- 199 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY bilitics of life he acquitted himself with dignity, fidelity and honor, winning the ap- probation and esteem of opponents as well as friends. Eminently democratic in his manners and associations, he was cool, cal- culating and safe in all he undertook, a man of strong and clear convictions, the result of independent thought and careful study. His culture and refinement, coupled with his genial manners and the warmth of his attachment toward friends, secured for him a high place in the affection and es- teem of his circle of acquaintance. His heart was ever in sympathy with the sor- rows of others, and his hand ready to con- tribute to the alleviation of distress. He was a plain man whom prosperity had not elated, and who looked with pride to his early life with its hardships and struggles. He labored, and not in vain, for the wel- fare of the city in which he resided. McPHERSON, John Roderick, Financier, Legrialator. John Roderick McPherson was born May 9, 1833, in York, Livingston county. New York, of pure Scotch parentage. His grandfather, James McPherson, had come from Culloden, Scotland, in 1801, and set- tled in Delhi. New York, and his father, Donald McPherson, married Jean Calder, whose parents had also come from Scot- land. Mr. McPherson gained his education in the public schools and later in the Geneseo Academy. He became interested in stock raising and, upon graduating from this in- stitution, he took up the same as a business and engaged in it successfully until his twenty-sixth year. He then removed to Jersey City (then Hudson City) and fol- lowing uj) his interest, became a dealer in cattle, an important industry of the place. In that city, in 1863-4, he constructed the city stock yards, of which he became part owner. He also designed and built the enormous stock yards and abattoir at Har- 200 simus Cove, New Jersey, for many years the finest in existence. These great yards cover an area of twenty-two acres, over which entire region the tide ebbs and flows. There is storage capacity here for seven thousand head of cattle and twenty thous- and sheep, and a slaughtering capacity of two thousand cattle and ten thousand sheep daily. Mr. McPherson was keenly alive to the abuses existing at that time in the trans- portation and storage of cattle, and it was to remedy these that his inventive genius and resources were called into play. Be- sides the improved yards and abattoirs which he devised, and which revolutioniz- ed these constructions, he also invented a new form of stock car in which it was pos- sible to feed and water the animals en route, and which have now come into prac- tically universal use. Mr. McPherson be- came in course of time wealthy from his various enterprises, and his probity and business acumen brought his services into great demand, so that he served upon vari- ous boards and committees in connection with many business concerns. He found- ed the Peoples' Gas Light Company of Hudson City, and served as the first pres- ident for a number of years. He was very active in politics also and was a member of the board of aldermen of Hudson City from 1863 to 1869, and president of that body for the last three years. In 1872 he was elected on the Democratic ticket to the State Legislature, an office he held for three years. During this time he took a strong stand against the undue encroachments of the great railroad monopolies in the State and was instrumental in securing the pas- sage of the general railroad law governing these bodies. In 1877 he was elected by the State Legislature to the United States Senate to succeed the Hon. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen. and was twice reelected, occupying this high office from 1877 to 1805. and during his third term was chosen chairman of the Senate committee on naval affairs. He was offered the Secretaryship W^^^^K^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of the Treasury, but declined this honor, and two years after the expiration of his term as Senator he died, October 8, 1897. DICKINSON, Gen. Samuel Meredith, Naval Officer, Liavryer, liaTO- Official. The late General Samuel Meredith Dickinson, of New Jersey, one of the fore- most members of the bar of the State of New Jersey, was endowed with the mental gifts of the highest order, and in the prac- tice of his profession he found full scope for their use to the best advantage of the important matters with which he was con- nected. Patriotic and loyal in the utmost degree, he was a worthy descendant of his distinguished ancestry. He was a son of Philemon and Margaret C. C. (Gobert) Dickinson ; a great-grandson of General Philemon Dickinson, the famous Revolu- tionary soldier, patriot and statesman ; great-great-grandson of Chief-Justice Sam- uel and Mary (Cadwalader) Dickinson; great-grandnephew of John Dickinson, LL.D., member of the Continental Con- gress, governor of Delaware and Pennsyl- vania, and one of the founders of Dickin- son College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, this in- stitution being named in his honor ; and a descendant of Samuel Meredith, first treas- urer of the United States. General .Samuel Meredith Dickinson was born June 25, 1839, in the historical man- sion, "The Hermitage," West State street and Hermitage avenue, Trenton, which was the country residence of his ancestor, Philemon Dickinson. He was educated at the old Trenton Academy at which many residents of the city were trained, which was located on the present site of the Free Public Library. During 1856 and 1857 he was engaged in the mercantile business in New York, then returned to Trenton and commenced the study of law in the office of the Hon. Mercer Beasley, later Chief Justice, and he remained there until 1861. The outbreak of the Civil War caused a 201 change in his plans, and in June, 1861, he was appointed paymaster in the United States Navy. In this capacity he served on the sloop of war "Dale," which was attach- ed to the North Atlantic Squadron, and commanded by Admiral Dupont. In 1862 the vessel returned to Philadelphia, and General Dickinson, at that time colonel, was honorably discharged. The following year he was appointed private secretary to Governor Joel Parker, and served throughout the term, assisting in the duties which devolved upon the exe- cutive who, in addition to his work as gov- ernor, superintended and audited all of the State's war expenditures. Meanwhile he continued the study of law, and in June, 1863. he was admitted to practice as an at- torney, and three years later as a counsel- or. In 1865 he was commissioned Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General under General Robert F. Stockton. Jr., in recog- nition of his services to the State during the war. General Dickinson received this appointment under a new law reorganizing the National Guard of the State, and held the position until 1893 when he was com- missioned brigadier-general by brevet, and retired. In 1S67, when the position of Comptrol- ler of the Treasury was established, he was made deputy under William X. McDonald, and remained throughout the term. In 1871 he entered upon the office of chief clerk of the Court of Chancery, and conr- tinued to perform the responsible duties of this position, for which his extended knowledge of chancery practice eminently fitted him, until his death. He was the au- thor of two valuable works on law ques- tions. One was "Qiancery Precedents," published in 1870, and the other was "Pro- bate Court Practice," published in 1884. These works are accepted as standard au- thorities by both bench and bar throughout the State. After the death of Judge Stew- art in 1890. General Dickinson became chancery court reporter, compiling and CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY publishing, for the twenty-one Volumes of the official reports of that Court. He was an advisory Master in Chancery, and in that capacity frequently sat to hear cai^es referred to him by the Chancellor. Gener- al Dickinson was a noted authority on equity law, and was so regarded by the whole bar of the State. For many years he held the position of president of the New Jersey Society of the Sons of the Rev- olution, and was a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Commandery of Pennsylvania. He was treasurer of the Trenton Battle Monument Association, which was largely instrumental in erecting the local battle monument. General Dickinson married Cjaretta Moore, of Newtown, Long Island, a mem- ber of the old Moore family who were among the first settlers of that place. He had six children, five sons and a daughter. Following are a few extracts from a Mem- orial to General Dickinson, gotten and pub- lished by the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States : As paymaster of the United States Navy, he was attached to the sloop of war "Dale," and served in the North and South Atlantic squad- rons, chiefly under ,\dmiral Dupont. He sail- ed from Portsmouth. New Hampshire. July, 1861, and was stationed off Newport News, Vir- ginia, for a short time and was then ordered to the South Atlantic, and performed blockade ser- vice between Charleston. S. C. and Cape Can- averal, his vessel capturing two blockade run- ners. After the battle of Port Royal, his vessel was put on blockade duty in .St. Helena Sound, and while there received Robert Small on his escape from Charleston with the "Planter." The "Dale" was then ordered North, and resigning, he was honorably discharged. October 31. 1862, having served with characteristic ability and fi- delity. In 1865 he was appointed Assistant Adjutant General. New Jersey, with the rank of colonel, and contnued such until 1894. when he retired as Brevet Brigadier General. He was a member of Trinity Protestant Epis- copal Church of Trenton. New Jersey, and long was one of its honored vestrymen. He was a 202 ripe scholar and a Christian gentlemen, noted for his good ways and works. Of distinguished ancestry, whose name was indissolubly linked with that of his native city and State for over a century, he maintained jealously the high record of his forbears and left an example all may well follow. It goes without saying that he was the very soul of honor and courtesy. He was patriotic, indus- trious, and devoted to every duty, both public and private. And it may be well said that in many respects he was indeed an ideal Jersey- ^an and model .American. General Dickinson was a distingui.shed citizen of Trenton and an exemplary State official. LEE, Francis Bazley, Lanryer, Historian, Author. To have achieved fame in one direction is conceded to be an enviable condition by the majority of human beings, but in the late Francis Bazley Lee, of Trenton, New Jersey, we have a man who attained emi- nence as a historian, a lawyer, and as a writer. In every one of these fields he was undoubtedly successful, and in every in- stance he always labored for the best in- terests of humanity, with never a thought of self-aggrandizement. His courage and fearlessness, his personal self-sacrifice, his executive ability and foresight, and his tal- ent for conducting to a successful issue a number of important affairs at the same time, are well nigh unparalleled. It is dif- ficult to estimate the value of the services rendered by Mr. Lee. It is not alone by what he did that results must be measured, but by the influence his admirable life has had upon others. Tender and loving jn the home circle, his heart was filled with love toward all humanity. The excellent quali- ties which characterized Mr. Lee were also characteristic of his ancestors, and it will not be amiss to here give a brief intrcnluc- tory account of them. Francis Lee, original emigrant and founder of the Port Elizabeth and Trenton '■■'1@7\;c CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY branch of the family, was born in 1749. His birthplace was in the "county of the town of Carrickfergus," an Antrim sea- port, ten miles from Belfast. Carrickfer- gus is memorable in history as an ancient capital of Ireland, and the landing place of William III, 1690. Owing to the destruc- tion of family papers there is no record of Francis Lee's ancestors, although tradition says they were non-conformists of Midland English stock. Nothing is known of Fran- cis Lee until November 21, 1770, when he married Jane Alexander, a school girl of good family. W'ith her, it is said, he elop- ed to America, and is supposed to have ar- rived at Philadelphia, where he soon com- menced to acquire property. In 1774 he paid a four-pound tax in the Chestnut ward in Philadelphia, and is named among war- rantees for thirty acres of land in North- umberland county, Pennsylvania, and two lots in Sunbury, the then recently settled capital of the county. During the Revolu- tionary War, Francis Lee prospered, and towards its close he dealt actively in real estate. In 1780 he purchased in Philadel- phia the attainted Front street land of George Knapjjer, and in 1782 acquired large tracts in the Northern Liberties, on the Wissahickon road and in Bleckley township on the Haverford road. These and other transactions involved many thdusands nf pounds, currency. From 1778 to 1787 he paid State and Federal supply tax as a "non-resident" of North- umberland county. He appears as "inn- keeper" as early as 1774. Sharf and West- cott are authority for the following state- ment : "A movement was begim which might have led to trouble if the city had not changed hands so soon." ( This re- fers to the British occupation). "It orig- inated in a meeting held at the Indian Queen (kept by Francis Lee) and the ol> ject was to insist on exemption from mili- tary duty for such as had furnished substi- tutes." Previous to this, however, the journals 203 of the Continental Congress show that Francis Lee had furnished the Whigs with expresses, meals for soldiers, a stage coach for the use of Generals Prescott and Mc- Donald, and later had entertained John Paul Jones. In the Philadelphia directory for 1785 is to be found this reference : "Francis Lee, inkeeper and every day stage to and from New York, Corner of 4th and Market street." The stage started every morning at four o'clock from the "Indian Queen." The "Indian Queen" had been kept by Francis Lee until about this period. Upon March 8, 1783, Jacob Berry, a sur- veyor, conveyed to Francis Lee a tract of land in Haverford township, Chester coun- ty, Pennsylvania, and in 1786 or 1787, Francis Lee removed from Philadelphia presumably to this purchase. L^pon re- linquishing the "Indian Queen" he surrend- ered an inn property which was one of the finest in Philadelphia. Some idea of the house may be gathered from the journals and correspondence of Manasseh Cutter, agent of the Ohio Land Company, who vis- ited Philadelphia in July, 1787, and says: "It is kept in an elegant style and consists of a large pile of buildings with many spa- cious halls and numerous small apartments appropriate for lodging rooms. As soon as I had inquired of the bar keeper if I couJd be furnished with lodgings, a livery servant was ordered immediately to attend me, who received my baggage from the hostler and conducted me to the apartments assigned me by the bar keeper, which was a rather small but a very handsome cham- ber (No. 9), furnished with a rich field bed, bureau, table with drawers, a large looking glass, neat chairs and other furni- ture. Its front was east, and being in the 3rd floor afforded a fine prospect toward the river and the Jersey shore. The serv- ant that attended me was a young, spright- ly, well built black fellow, neatly dressed, blue coat, sleeves, and cape red. and buff waistcoat and breeches, the bosom of his shirt ruffled and his hair powdered, .\fter CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY he had brought up my baggage and prop- erly deposited it in the chamber, he brought two of the latest London magazines and laid on the table. I ordered him to call a barber, furnish me with a bowl of water for washing and to have tea on the table by the time I was dressed." Among the famous visitors who were to be found dur- ing this period in the "Indian Queen" were : General Washington, and it was to this inn he retired in 1797 after bidding farewell to public life; Cornplanter. and other notable Tammany chiefs : members of Congress; and distinguished military characters of the Revolution. The inn was finally removed to make way for business structures. During the Revolutionary War, Francis Lee appears as a private upon the roll of Captain Tench Francis' comi)any, First Battalion, Pennsylvania Militia, August, 1781. (See vol. I, page 787, "Philadelphia Associators and Militia;" vol. 13, page 128, 2nd series, Pennsylvania Archives). In 1781 Captain Francis' company brought to Philadelphia from Boston the French gold designed for the use of the Whigs. Con- veying the fourteen wagons and fifty-six oxen, Francis Lee, on account of his abili- ty in matters of transportation, was engag- ed in that service, the gold reaching Phila- delphia in November. Francis Lee remov- ed from Haverford township towards the close of tFTe century. July 11, 1796, John Kennedy, of East Whiteland. Chester coun- ty, Pennsylvania, conveyed a plantation to him. May 20, 1800, Francis Lee was ap- pointed justice for TredyfTryn. Charles- town, East Whiteland and West White- land, Chester county, the commission being signed by Governor Thomas McKean. Until his death he added to his landed in- terests and was prominent as a breeder of running horses. He was a meniber of the Great Valley Presbyterian Giurch. died April 30, 18 1 5, and is buried in the church- ynrd there. Francis Lee married (first) Jane Alex- ander, born about 1750, died about 1785, and had eleven children. (According to vol. 9, 2nd series, Pennslyvania Archives, a Francis Lee, December 16, 1792, married Elizabeth Bache, in the First Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia). In a real estate transaction involving property in Blockley township, March 25, 1791, "Elizabeth" is given as the name of the wife of Francis Lee, innholder. He married again, No- vember 18, 1793, Margaretta Cloyd, bom August 18, 1771, died July 4, 1805. having had five children. His last wife was Eliz- abeth Cloyd, whose will was dated 1818. By this marriage there were no children. Thomas Lee, son of Francis and Jane (Alexander) Lee, was born November 28, 1780, and died November 2, 1856. He came to Cumberland county, about 1798, and lived at Leesburg for a time. May 22, 1805, he married Rhoda Murphy, and liv- ed for a short time with his brother-in- law, Benjamin Fisler, a distinguished di- vine of the Methodist Episcopal church, and a physician. Shortly afterward he built a home in Port Elizabeth, still standing, and was engaged in the mercantile and lumber business extensively. He and his partner, Joshua Brick (later his bitter po- litical opponent), were government contrac- tors during the War of 1812. Thomas Lee was one of the incorporators of the Port Elizabeth Manufacturing Company. He was an anti-Federalist, and later a Jack- sonian Democrat, and a record of his pub- lic career is as follows : Judge and justice of the Court of Common Pleas, Novem- ber 3, 1813, to February 17, 1815; post- master of Port Elizabeth, October 31. 1818, to January 2, 1833. when he was succeed- ed by his son Francis ; again appointed post- master, January 20. 1846, and served until June II, 1849: member of Congress, 1833- 1837, during a part of this time being chair- man of the committee on accounts, and was the personal representative of President Jackson in the southern section of the State. He was active in his support of 204 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY public education and various philanthro- pies, and was one of the founders of the Port Elizabeth Library and the Port Eliz- abeth Academy. His wife, who died April 6, 1858, was a descendant of John Mur- phy, who died about 1777, leaving a large plantation and a good library. Tliey had children : Francis ; Thomas ; Ellen Brick, married Dr. Bowen ; Elizabeth Cloyd, mar- ried Ostcrhout ; Clement Jones ; Lor- enzo Fisler ; Benjamin Fisler. Benjamin Fisler Lee, son of Thomas and Rhoda (Murphy) Lee, was born in the Lee Mansion, Port Elizabeth, June 30, 1828, and died in Alantic City, in April, 1909. He received an excellent education and up- on its completion joined his father in bus- iness as a partner, which connection was kept up until the Civil War. Mr. Lee's po- litical career commenced in 1850, when he supported Nathan T. Stratton for Con- gress. In 1856 he served as a Democratic presidential elector, and as a member of the Democratic State Committee. In 1859 and 1861 he was nominated for the New Jersey House of Assembly, being defeated both times by small Republican majorities. In 1870, as congressional nominee, he greatly reduced the Republican majority of the old First Congressional District. In 1871, as nominee for the office of governor, he retired in favor of the late Governor Joel Parker. He entered upon the duties of clerk of the New Jersey Supreme Court, November 2, 1872, and retained the office until November 2, 1897, when it passed in- to Republican control. He was treasurer of the Democratic State Committee from 1886 to 1895. From 1850 Mr. Lee was identified with the development of railroad interests in the southern part of the State. In 1853 he was one of the incorporators of the West Jersey Railroad Company, and in 1859 one of the incorporators of the West Jersey Central Railroad. By Act of Legislature, March 9, 1863, he was named as director of the Cape May & Millville railroad, and being elected treasurer of the 205 company, held this office until 1872. He was a leading spirit in the building of the Stockton Hotel at Cape May. In 1866 was an incorporator of the Bridgeton & Port Norris railroad, and was actively connect- ed with it until it became the Cumberland & Maurice River railroad. He was a di- rector of the West Jersey railroad and the West Jersey & Sea Shore railroad, and was instrumental in the construction of the Maurice River and Newfield-Atlantic City branches. He was founder and president of the Trent Tile Company of Trenton, and the Universal Paper Bag Company ; and director of the Trenton Banking Company, Standard Fire Insurance Company of Trenton, and the Union Mills Paper Man- ufacturing Company of New Hope, Penn- S3lvania. In 1888 he became manager of th.e State Home for Feeble Minded Women at Vineland, and later president of the Board ; he was president of the New Jer- sey State Conference of Charities and Cor- rections ; vestryman for many years of Trinity Protestant Episcopal Church, of Trenton ; and member of the New Jersey State Historical Society, American Aca- demy of Political and Social Science of Philadelphia; Mercantile Library of Phil- adelphia ; Lotus Club and Country Club of Trenton. Mr. Lee married, July 16, 1862, Anna- bella Willson Townsend, bom September 21, 1835. .She is a daughter of the late William .Smith Townsend, of Dennisville, New Jersey ; is descended directly from Richard Townsend, who first appeared at Jamaica, Long Island, 1656, and died near Oyster Bay, 1671, leaving among other children, John, who married Phcbe Wil- liams, daughter of John Williams. John Townsend was one of the earliest settlers of Cape May county, gave his name to Townsend's Inlet, and was a justice and one of His Majesty's High Sheriffs. He died in 1721, and among his children was Richard, probably the first white child Ixirn in Cape May county, born in 1681, died CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY 1737, married Millicent Somers, of Somer- set Plantation, now Somer's Point. Her father, John, was the ancestor of Commo- dore Richard Somers. Isaac Townsend, son of Richard and Milhcent (Somers) Townsend, married Sarah, daughter of John Willetts. Isaac Townsend, son of Isaac and Sarah (Willetts) Townsend, was born in 1738, died in 1780; he married Ke- turah, daughter of Josiah and Anne (Aus- tin) Albertson, and granddaughter of Francis Austin, of the Vale of Evesham, Burlington county. Isaac Townsend, son of Isaac and Keturah (Albertson) Town- send, married Hannah Ogden, a lineal de- scendant of David Ogden, who came to Pennsylvania in 1682 with William Penn in the "Welcome." William Smith Town- send, son of Isaac and Hannah (Ogden) Townsend, a merchant, ship builder and railroad constructor in Dennisville, Cape May county, was born in 181 1, died in 1881 ; married, in 1833, Hannah Smith Ludlam, daughter of Henry and Mary (Lawrence) Ludlam, and a descendant of Anthony Ludlam, who settled in South- ampton, Long Island, in 1640, and whose son, Joseph Ludlam, was one of the first settlers of Cape May county. Of the di- rect line was Lieutenant Henry Ludlam, of the Cape May militia in the Revolution, with descent from John May, founder of May's Landing, the county seat of Atlantic county. Mr. and Mrs. Lee had children: Francis Bazley, who is mentioned at the head of this sketch ; Anna Townsend ; Mar- guerite .Alexander, who married Judge Huston Dixon, Esq., of Trenton. Francis Bazley Lee. son of Benjamin Fisler and Annabella Willson (Townsend) Lee, was bom in the Merchants' Hotel, Philadelphia, January 3. 1869, and died at the Jefferson Hospital, Philadelphia, May 2, 19 14. He received his preparatory edu- cation in the Trenton Seminary. Lawrence- ville School, during the last year of Dr. Samuel M. Hamill's principalship and the first year of the John C. Green founda- 206 tion, and was graduated from the State Model School in 1888. While at the Model School he founded in 1885 "Tlie Signal," the school paper, and was secretary and president of the Thencanic Literary Soci- ety. Entering the junior class at the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, Mr. Lee complet- ed in 1890 a special course on American history, political economy and constitution- al law in the Wharton School. .\t college he was active in the reorganization of Iota Chapter, Phi Kappa Psi fraternity, subse- quently becoming archon of the district ; was an associate editor of "Tlie Pennsyl- vanian ;" and made special investigations for the matriculate catalogue committee. Upon graduation he was ivy orator. The summer of 1890 Mr. Lee spent in Europe, where he made the first translation from French of the Belgian constitution, and es- pecially studied the health problems of municipalities. During the following au- tumn and winter he took a special course in English literature in the University of Pennsylvania. Having completed his legal studies in the office of Hon. G. D. W. \'room. of Tren- ton, Mr. Lee was admitted to the bar of New Jersey, in June, 1893. From July of that year, until May, 1894, he assisted the city solicitor of Trenton. Edwin Robert Walker, in legal matters connected with the establishment of the sewer system of that city. In June, 1896, Mr. Lee was admitted as a counselor-at-law. During this period, with Nelson L. Petty, of Trenton, Mr. Lee was secretary to the commission to compile the general statutes of New Jersey issued in 1896. In 1897 and 1898 Mr. Lee was the receiver and managing editor of the "Trenton Times." also, in 1905 becoming acting editor of the Democratic "True .American," at the personal solicitation of its editor, Joseph L. Naar, during his last illness. He was a director in the Standard Fire Insurance Company, the West Jersey Railroad Company, the Mechanics' Nation- al Bank, and succeeded his father as presi- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY dent of the Trent Tile Company, of which office he was the incumbent at the time of his death. Mr. Lee contributed largely to current historical and legal literature. He wrote frequently for the daily newspaper press of New Jersey, while among his more exten- sive contributions are: "Memorial of George White Worman," 1890; "Supreme Court of New Jersey," Medico-Legal Journal, March, 1892 : data relating to New Jersey men in the Matriculate Catalogue of the LTniversity of Pennsylvania : a ser- ies of articles on Colonial laws, legislations and customs. New Jersey Law Journal, 1891-1902: "Colonial Jersey Coinage," 1893 ; ".\gricultural Improvement in Southern New Jersey," 1894 ; "Jersey- isms," 1894; "History of Trenton," 1895: "History of the Great Seal of New Jersey." in Zieber's "American Heraldry ;" and "Outline History and Compilations and Re- visions of the Colony and State of New Jersey, 1717-1896," in the General Statutes of New Jersey, 1896. He was for several years a member of the publication commit- tee of the New Jersey Archives, and edited vol. ii of the 2nd series. He was also chair- man of a committee of the LTniversity of Pennsylvania, class of 1890. which in 1895 published the quinquennial record of tlie class. He wrote the four-volume history, "New Jersey as a Colony and as a State," and prepared the articles on "New Jersey," "Newark," and "Trenton," in the "Ency- clopedia Americana." An article upon "Re- ceivers of Insolvent Corporations" in the American Corporation Legal Manual was also from his facile pen. In matters of public health and parks, Mr. Lee took an active interest. He be- came a member of the board of health in 1901 and led a campaign for mosquito ex- termination. By reason of resultant agi- tation in 1903 the common council of the city of Trenton commenced the plan of the purchase of the Delaware river front, Mr. Lee being secretary of the special commit- tee on the acquisition of park lands. So active was he in the pursuit of plans for beautifying that section of the city, that the suggestion was made to name the park in his honor. His mother has had plans drawn for a shelter and playhouse for the children of Trentun to be erected in the park as a memorial to her husband and her son, these plans calling for a beautiful and artistic structure which will be an ailornment to the park. Mr. Lee was a thirty-second degree Ma- son ; a member of the New Jersey Histori- cal Society ; recording secretary of the Princeton Historical Society ; member of the Puirlington County, Monmouth County and Salem County (New Jersey) Historical societies, and of the Bucks County ( Penn- sylvania) Historical Society, correspond- ing secretary of the New Jersey Sons of the Revolution for ten years ; at one time a member of the board of managers of the Revolutionary Memorial Society, and active in the attempts to preserve Washington's I'.eadquarters in Rocky Hill and Somerville ; for a time secretary and president of the State Schools Alumni Association, of which he was one of the organizers ; mem- ber of the .'\merican Dialect Society ; the New Jersey Society of Pennsylvania and of the State and Mercer County Bar asso- ciations. From December, 1892, he was a member of the Board of Managers of the New Jersey State Charities Aid Society, and a member of its law committee. In April, 1895, Mr. Lee was appointed one of a special committee to examine the penal laws of New Jersey and other States, and to report necessary and beneficial changes. Much beneficial legislation resulted from the reports of this body. He was secre- tary to the commission to compile the pub- lic statutes of New Jersey, and was in charge of New Jersey's historical exhibit at the Jamestown Ter-Centennial Exposi- tion, and was also historian to the execu- tive committee of the Washington's Cross- ing committee. He was a member and ves- 207 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY trynian for a number of years of Vincen- town Trinity Episcopal Church. Mr. Lee married, in Vincentown, New Jersey, June 12, 1894, Sara Stretch Eayre, born in Junction City, Kansas, only child of Captain George Stretch and Marie Burr (Bryan) Eayre, and a descendant in both paternal and maternal lines from some of the most prominent families in the country. Child: Rhoda, born November 5, 1898. Of Mr. Lee it may be said that he was a man of large and symmetrical mentality, an orator of great personal magnetism, and invariably a power in his community. Log- ic, clear and forcible, sarcasm, quiet but scathing, and wit of rapierlike keenness were wielded by him with a masterly skill. His penetrating thought often added wis- dom to public movements, and he ever took an interest in those matters which tended to improve the public welfare. Mr. Lee was a man of serious aims, far-sighted in busi- ness, broad in views, cherishing generous ideals, entertaining in society, and finding his friends among young and old, rich and poor. These are the traits which shone in his character and made him an object of universal esteem and a representative of those interests which have conserved the progress of the State. HOLLINSHEAD, Charles Sterling, Leading Insarance Actoary. New Jersey the State of his birth, life- long residence, and death, it was as an of- ficial of a great Pennsylvania corporation that the active life of Qiarles Sterling Hol- linshcad was passed. His entrance into the field of insurance was a natural event in his life's course, his father having been for more than a quarter of a century secretary of the Insurance Company of the State of Pennsylvania, and in that business he rose rapidly to the high position for which his capabilities and talents qualified him, re- tiring from the presidency of the l^nion In- surance Company in 1906, after a long term 208 spent in its service. The following pages speak of his busy and useful career, of the love and esteem in which he was held by his associates and friends, and of the ac- complishments of his life. His memory is preserved in the hearts of many, both in Philadelphia, his place of business, and Merchantville, New Jersey, his home for nearly forty-five years. Known in the one place as the forceful man of affairs, a lead- er of men, he was as well loved and respect- ed in the latter as the public spirited citi- zen, interested and a participant in the ac- tivities of his town. Charles Sterling Hollinshead, son of Joseph H. and Margaret W. Hollinshead, was born in New Jersey, January 10, 1850, and obtained his general education in the schools of his native State and of Phila- delphia, completing his studies in the insti- tutions of the latter city. He was but a youth when his early training began in the business that became his life work, his first position being in the oflSces of the Insur- ance Company of the State of Pennsyl- vania, a corporation his father long served in the office of secretary. His training with this concern was thorough and complete, and he subsequently branched out into in- dependent operations as an associate of the general agency firm of Duy & Hollinshead, his connection with the Union Insurance Company beginning at the time he attained his majority. Even at this early period of his life he had attracted the favorable atten- tion of those in positions of influence in the world of insurance, and in the position of fire manager of the L'nion Company he ful- filled the high expectations of his superiors in office. Although he had excellent oppor- tunities for advancement in the agent's line, subsequent events proved the wisdom of his change. As fire manager of the L^nion Insurance Company, Mr. Hollinshead applied himself with the vigor and enthusiasm of youth to the improvement and upbuilding of that branch of the company's interests, and CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY spared himself not at all in his earnest ef- forts. His first move was to acquaint him- self with every part of his organization, making personal friends of many of his subordinates, and securing their loyal friendship and the assurance of their aid at every turn. Upon this secure founda- tion of allegiance he developed his branch of the company's business to an extent that won him the grateful commendation of the officers of the company and wide notice among insurance men. His work was an important factor in enabling the Union In- surance Company to maintain a condition of solvency and honorable position during the years that marked the disastrous fail- ure and compulsory retirement of many companies. The close of the year 1888 saw a well planned movement for the reorganization of the company, which provided for the Union Insurance Company's retirement from the marine branch of the business, making fire insurance its sole activity. The first meeting of the board of directors in January, 1889, after the reorganization, was for the election of officers, and Charles Sterling Hollinshead was chosen to fill the office of president, becoming the ninth pres- ident of the Union Insurance Company since its founding. Young in years and experience, he was yet old in the lessons that are learned through weighty respon- sibility and the management of important affairs, and none who had worked with him or who had come into touch with his department felt any fears for the Union Company under his leadership. Amid the maze of unusual conditions that existed af- ter the reorganization he retained in ad- mirable manner his clearness of judgment, his calm mental balance, and at no time was the credit or standing of the Company in jeopardy. He had assumed vast obliga- tions, and in their discharge he showed bus- iness talent of exceptional order and exe- cutive ability granted only to the few. 209 II— 14 Mr. Hollinshead remained in the office of president of the Union Insurance Com- pany until February, 1906, when he retir- ed from his long connection with that cor- poration. The years he spent in its ser-. vice, most successful from a business view- point, were likewise most agreeable in the pleasant associations and the lasting friend- ships formed. The occasion of the twenty- fifth anniversary of his service, October 14, 1897, was marked by a testimonial banquet held in the Hotel Walton, Philadelphia, when Mr. Hollinshead was the recipient of a solid silver dinner service, the joint gift of the board of directors, office staff, and special agents of the Union Insurance Com- pany. No less sincere and earnest was the regret felt and expressed by all of his as- sociates at the time of his resignation from the presidency. The following report was spread on the minutes of the Union Fire Insurance Company, and a copy was tend- ered Mr. Hollinshead : Philadelphia, February 13, 1906. Mr. Charles S. Hollinshead having resigned as president and director of the Union P'ire In- surance Comapny of Philadelphia, thus severing a connection of thirty-four years, eighteen of which were passed as its executive head : The members of the board of directors de- sire to place on record an expression of their h;gh appreciation of his integrity, ability, and personal qualities which have so much attached him to the members of the Board of the Union Insurance Company through the many years of Iiis service; And to express our regret at the occasion of his retirement. Respectfully submitted. Carroll Neide, Chairman. B. Frank Hart, Charles Tete, Jr. Committee. That his services were productive of ben- efit to the entire business as well as to that of the Union Company, is testified by a let- ter addressed to him by the Corporate Underwriters of Philadelphia, soon after his retirement, a copy of which was prepar- ed in beautiful form and presented to him: CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Philadelphia, February 26, 1906. Charles S. Hollinshead, Esq., Philadelphia. Dear Sir : At a meeting of the Corporate Underwriters of Philadelphia called to take suitable action up- on your retirement from the presidency of the Union Fire Insurance Company, the undersign- ed were appointed a committee to give voice to the sentiments of respect and esteem in which you are held by your associates. This pleasing duty is only made difficult by the very many things which could be said in expression of appreciation of the high position which you have maintained during the years you have been at the head of the Company. The difficulties which you have been forced to meet are such as have been rarely success- fully overcome by any underwriter in the his- tory of the business, and your intelligent and manful struggle with the conditions which have confronted you has had the sympathy and chal- lenged the admiration not only of your asso- ciates in Philadelphia but of underwriters throughout the entire country. Throughout all these difficulties you have maintained for yourself and the Company the highest standard of good faith and good under- writing practice and notwithstanding the absorb- ing difficulties of your corporate position, you have freely given your time in the interest of the business at large. All these things are fully appreciated by your associates, who feel that the honor and credit of Philadelphia Fire Insurance Companies have bqen promoted by the excellent work which you have accomplished. .Trusting that your connection with the busi- ness may not be entirely severed by the recent change which has come about, and assuring you of the confidence and good will of all your as- soQiates. We Remain. ■ . •• Very Truly Yours. Tatnall Paulding. R. Dale Benson, Charles R. Peck. The withdrawal of Mr. Hollinshead from the presidency of the Union Fire In- surance Company did not mark his abso- lute retirement from business, although this came in 1908, the two intervening years passed as manager of the fire under- writing department of the Franklin Fire Insurance Company. From 1908 until his death, December 5, 1912, he was free from official business connection, enjoying well earned leisure in his long time home, Mer- chantville, New Jersey. The period of his life prior to his acceptance of the presi- dency of the Union Fire Insurance Com- pany was but one of preparation ; the two years of his active life after his retirement from that office were but filled with duties that made the laying aside of his official burdens more easy ; the work that stands as his life attainment is that which he ac- complished in the capacity of chief execu- tive of the Union Company. Just how worthy that was may be known in full de- gree only to those who stood shoulder to shoulder with him in times of adversity and financial danger, but the above quoted words convey some idea of its importance to the unexperienced in such affairs. In the life of the Merchantville com- munity he ever took a prominent part, ex- tending his interest and activity to the po- litical situation in county and State, always as a supporter of the Republican party. For several years he was a member of the Mer- chantville Borough Council, as a member of this body aiding in the enactment of or- dinances safe-guarding the natural beauties and advantages of the town and protecting its interests and citizenship. He was appre- ciated by his neighbors and fellow citizens as he was by those who knew him only as the business man, and in the associations of his home and town was the source of the strength and courage that made him a power in the insurance world. Charles Sterling Hollinshead married Margaret S. Errickson. and was the father of four children. Francis A., Marie L., Sterling E.. and Emily J. BENTLEY. Peter. St., The late Peter Bentley Sr., during an un- usually long and active career, was held in /^^ ^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY high honor for his legal abilities, his mark- ed usefulness in community affairs, and his sterling nobility of personal character. He was born in the village of Half Moon, Saratoga county. New York, in 1805. His parents were Christopher and Eleanor (Althouse) Bentley ; the father was of English descent, and his mother came from an early Dutch family of New York City. He was reared on a farm, and his school advantages were meagre, but his ambition led him to a self -education which proved an excellent equipment. At the age of twenty years he took employment in the printing house of Yates & Mclntyre, in New York City. He was even then predis- posed to the law, and during his five years' continuance with the firm ardently exerted himself to preparation for his chosen call- ing. In 1830 he entered the office of Sam- uel Cassidy, then one of the foremost law- yers in New Jersey, and made such pro- gress in his studies and developed such a genuine talent for the profession that he soon came to be entrusted with the greater part of his tutor's business in the justices' courts. He was admitted to the bar as an attorney at the May term, 1834, and as a counsellor in September, 1S39. By this time he was finally established in his pro- fession, and he erected a building for of- fice purposes. During his professional ca- reer he was connected with some of the most notable litigation of the day, and of far-reaching importance. In 1842, as attor- ney for the selectmen of Jersey City, he was engaged in the celebrated Dummer case, in which was decided the doctrine of dedication by maps. Another case of vast importance was the Bell case, in which Mrs. Bell laid claim to the tract of land under water under title of descent, and re- affirmed by special grant of the New Jer- sey Legislature. These titles were contest- ed by another on the ground that, as he held uncontested title to the bordering shore property, the submerged extension of the same was of right his own, and he ail constructed a pier. This cause cclebre, be- gun in 1843, was not finally adjudicat- ed until nearly a quarter of a century later, when Mr. Bentley achieved an entire victory in securing for his client, Mrs. Bell, the maintenance of the claim. He subsequently administered upon Mrs. Bell's riparian lands, which he disposed of to her great ad- vantage. These lands are now a portion of the valuable Jersey City railway terminal. Many very important trusts were confided to Mr. Bentley, and his judgment was great- ly relied upon. From the first he held to the conviction that real estate investments were safer and more profitable than any other. He enjoyed in highest degree the confidence of people of Holland descent, and he was the agent for a great number of the best families in the investment of money upon real estate, and he settled many large estates, all to the great advan- tage of the parties in interest. Throughout his life, Mr. Bentley took an active part in community affairs, and he e-xerted a marked influence in the devel- opment of both his city and county. He took a leading part in formulating the char- ters and other legal instruments upon which were based the county of Hudson and its principal municipalities. He made large investments in real estate, and was a pioneer in local improvements, especially in the Bergen Hill section, which he opened up and beautified, and where he erected an almost palatial residence. He guarded with jealous care the interests of the taxpaying public, to protect them against unnecessary taxation and municipal advantages. At one time many years' accumulations of unpaid taxes had imposed unjust burdens upon paying property owners, and he conceived the idea of a commission of leading citi- zens who should make an equitable re-ad- justment. In 1873 he procured the enact- ment of a law to that end ; a commission was appointed, with former Supreme Court Justice Haines as chairman, and which gave a satisfactory solution to the CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY most formidable problem which had con- fronted the community. In 1833, while yet a law student, Mr. Bentley was elected clerk of the board of selectmen of Jersey City, and he was elect- ed to the mayoralty in 1843, acquitting him- self with characteristic ability and fidelity in both these places. He was repeatedly solicited to accept higher political honors, but he was wedded to his profession and the interests of his city. He was one of the organizers of the Mechanics' & Trad- ers' Bank in 1853, and was its president for several years. For some years prior to and at the time of his death, he was a trustee and counsel of the Provident In- stitution for Savings of Jersey City, vice- president of the Jersey City Savings Bank, director and treasurer of the Jersey City Gas Company, and treasurer of the Jersey City and Bergen Plank Road Company. A Democrat in early life, he left the party in 1848 upon the issue of slavery, and was one of the leaders in forming the Free Soil party in New Jersey. He allied himself with the Republican party at its or- ganization in 1856, and was thereafter one of its most steadfast adherents, and, dur- ing the Civil War, a most determined sup- porter of the Union cause. He had a charm- ing personality. As a biographer spoke of him, "he was a rare gentleman, peculiarly attached to his wife and children, gracious and hospitable in his home, sincere and earnest in his religious faith, and so honest and honorable in all the affairs of his life that the faintest breath was never raised to question his integrity." He died at his home in Jersey City, Sep- tember 26, 1875, being at the time the old- est practitioner of the bar of that city, with a record of some forty-two years of pro- fessional service. The courts of Hudson took an adjournment in honor of his mem- ory, and a committee reported appropriate resolutions, in his recognition "as one who stood eminent in his professional life and character, always devoted to the interests of his clients ; having a clear perception of the right, and a happy faculty of adjusting disputes and effecting settlements among men, and, in the long course of his profes- sional life, leaving a spotless record." Mr. Bentley married, October 13, 1842, Margaret E. Holmes, of Jersey City, and they had two children — Peter Bentley (2d) and Rosaline Bentley. PARSONS, Ellwood, Stannck and Trusted Citdxem. The Parsons family, for seven genera- tions associated with the affairs of Bucks and Philadelphia counties, Pennsylvania, is of ancient English residence and is prob- ably of Norman origin, tracing to the time of the Crusaders, the early form of the name being Pierreson, son of Pierre. The earliest record of the name in English her- aldry is in the "Visitation to Hereford in 1286," when Sir John Parsons, of Cud- dingham, is awarded armorial bearings comprising a leopard's head between three crosses, indicating that the original grantee was a Crusader. Authentic records name George Parsons, of Middlezoy, Somersetshire, England, born about 1540, as ancestor of Ellwood Parsons, of this chronicle. George Par- sons was the father of a son John, and four daughters. Toward the close of the seventeenth century several representatives of the Somersetshire family of Parsons, who had become converts to the faith of George Fox, found their way to Pennsyl- vania, among them a John Parsons, great- grandson of George Parsons, previously mentioned, grandson of John, and son of John Parsons, and with him the American record of this line begins. John Parsons, the .American ancestor of the branch of the Parsons family claiming Ellwood Parsons as member, was born at Middlezoy, Somersetshire, England, about 1630, and in early manhood allied himself with the believers in the faith of George CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Fox, suffering persecution for this allegi- ance. In 1670 he was fined, with other members of Middlezoy Meeting, for refus- ing to pay tithes, and five years afterward was placed in prison for the same offence. He was one of seven Quakers impris- oned for holding religious meetings after the manner of their faith, who in 1684 ad- dressed an eloquent petition to the judges of the assizes, complaining against the in- justice of their detention. He and his wife Florence signed a certificate for their son John, from the Meeting at Middlezoy to Friends in Philadelphia, dated 7 mo. (Sep- tember) 4, 1681. This son John returned to Middlezoy in 1685, married Ann Powell, and with her, his brother Thomas and his sister Jane Tyler and her family returned to Pennsylvania in the same year. This party was accompanied by the parents of John and Thomas Parsons, John and Flor- ence Parsons. Thomas, son of John and Florence Par- sons, of Middlezoy, Somersetshire, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was born about 1663. Like his father he was a member of the Society of Friends, and in 1683 was imprisoned, with others, art Ilchester. Coun- ty Somerset, for attending a conventicle held at Gregory-Stoke, where the Quarter- ly Meeting of Friends was usually held. He married, in 1685, Jeane or Jane Cull- ing, daughter of John Culling, of Babcarj' Parish, Somersetshire, Ilchester Meeting of Friends consenting to their marriage July 29, 1685. Thomas Parsons must have made immediate preparations to accompany other members of his family to Philadel- phia, and there, with his wife, witnessed a marriage at the Friends Meeting House on -April 8. 1686. Many of the early settlers of Philadelphia found it impossible to se- cure house accommodations for their famil- ies, and Thomas Parsons was one of those who for a time dwelt in a cave on the bank of the Delaware, near the foot of Arch street. Thomas Parsons and his brother John were carpenters and joiners, and owned one of the first wind mills "upon the Bank before the front Lott of Jo.seph Growden," which they sold to Richard Townsend, who on February 22, 1689-90, obtained a grant of "one hundred foot of bank before the Proprietor's son's Lott that lies on the south side of said Grow- den's Lott to sett the Mill upon." Thomas Parsons resided for a time on land he own- ed at Third and Walnut streets, Philadel- phia, afterward moving to Bucks county, Pennsylvania, where both he and his broth- er John had land grants, with allottments of Liberty lots in Philadelphia. His wife, Tane Culling, died in Bucks county, and he again married in June, 1704, at Falls Monthly Meeting, his second wife being Mary Hinds. Soon afterward he settled in Oxford township, near Frankford, Phila- delphia, where he owned and operated a mill for a number of years, in January, 1720, selling it to Jacob and Isaac Leech. Thomas Parsons was also the owner of five hundred acres of land in Salem county, New Jersey, and eight hundred acres on Duck creek, Kent county, Delaware. He died at his home in Oxford township in June. 1 72 1. Thomas (2). son of Thomas and Jane (Culling) Parsons, was born in Philadel- phia, about 1688, resided in the vicinity of his birthplace until after the death of his father, then moved to Virginia. He was named executor of his father's will, but was "absent" at the time of its proof, June 17. 1 721. By the terms of the will he was devised the mill property in Oxford town- ship, but his father conveyed the estate af- ter drawing up his testament. The three children of Thomas (2) were baptized at Abington Presbyterian Church, the last one on .September 8, 1722. .Abraham, son of Thomas (2) Parsons, was baptized at .Abington Presbyterian Church, March 5, 1720-T, the date on which his elder brother, Isaac, was baptiz- ed. He married Joanna, daughter of James and Margaret Ayres, of Lower Dub- 213 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY lin township, PTiiladelphia county, and be- came the owner of a farm in that township, part of the estate of his father-in-law, James Ayres. Abraham Parsons died in December, 1768, his widow surviving him to February, 1779. Isaac, son of Abraham and Joanna (Ayres) Parsons, was born in Lower Dub- Hn township, Philadelphia county, Novem- ber 12, 1748, died September 26, 1818. Soon after arriving at man's estate he lo- cated in Bristol township, Bucks county, in 1 78 1 moving to Falls township, in the same county, and in tTie latter place passing the remaining years of his life. He was a member of St. James Protestant Episco- pal Church, of Bristol, Pennsylvania, and he and his second wife are buried under the present church edifice. Isaac Parsons married (first) in 1777. Anstrus Shadow- ell, who bore him five children ; (second) about 1791, Elizabeth Brodnax, born May 20, 1755, died June 15, 1827, who bore him two children. Elizabeth was a daughter of Robert Brodnax, born about 1700, a scriv- ener who did considerable public work in Lower Bucks county, writing many wills and deeds and other documents. Robert Brodnax is said to have come to Bucks county from Henrico county, Virginia, where John Brodnax had settled in 1686 and where he died in 1719, leaving a will of which his son Robert, a minor slightly under legal age, was named executor. From this John Brodnax, of Virginia, the family line is traced nine generations in an unbrok- en line to Robert Brodnax and his wife, Alicia Scappe, of Burmar.sh and Godmer- sheim. County Kent, England, in the first quarter of the fifteenth century. Robert Brodnax married, October 9, 1734, Chri.st- iana Keen, daughter of Jonas and Frances (Walker) Keen, and resided in Bensalcm township, Bucks county, where he died about 1784. Christiana Keen was a lineal descendant of Joran Kyn. who came to Pennsylvania with Governor John Printz in the ship "Fama," which sailed from Stockholm, Sweden, August 16, 1642. Isaac (2), son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Brodnax) Parsons, was born in Falls township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, July 3, 1794. and died there August 21, 1851. He inherited the old homestead and lived thereon during the greater part of his life, engaging for a brief period in mercan- tile trade. He married, April 5, 1821, Lydia Ann Anderson, who was born near Trenton, New Jersey, July 18, 1801, died July 19, 1901, having attained the great age of one hunderd years and one day. daugh- ter of Joseph Anderson and Sarah (Nor- ton) Anderson, and a descendant of Joch- em Andriessen. who was a son of Andries Jochemsen Van Albade, one of the earliest settlers of New Amsterdam (New York). Enoch .Anderson, son of Jochem and great- great-grandfather of Lydia Ann (Ander- son) Parsons, was born in New York in 1676 and was one of the chief founders of Trenton, Kew Jersey. He was a justice of the peace and of the courts of Burlington county as early as 1709. was named in 1698 as trustee for the church and school grounds at Maidenhead, and was later trustee of both the Lawrenceville and Ewing Presbjlerian churches, and was ac- tive in the founding of these two places of worship. He lived on the Assaupuk creek, within the present limits of the city of Trenton, and on April 20. 1827, gave a portion of his land, one hundred and fifty feet square, in "Trent-town," to the trus- tees of the Presbyterian congregation, oth- ers contributing logs, mortar, and labor toward the church building, which was long known as "The .Anderson Meeting House," now the First Presbyterian Church of Trenton, New Jersey. His wife was Trintje Op Dyke, of Newtown. I>ong Is- land, a granddaughter of Jansen Op Dyke, who came from Holland to the New Neth- erlands prior to 1653. The Norton family, to which belonged the wife of Joseph An- 214 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY flerson, had members among the earhest Enghsh settlers in New Jersey. Ellwood Parsons, son of Isaac and Lydia Ann (Anderson) Parsons, and member of the seventh American generation of his family, was born in Falls township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, April 5, 1822, He obtained his education in the Friends School at Fallsington and in a boarding school at Poughkeepsie, New York, and from the time he left school until his mar- riage made agriculture his occupation. Be- fore his marriage, which occurred when he was a young man of twenty-nine years, he purchased a farm in Falls township, and he afterward bought another of two hundred and seventeen acres on the New Jersey side of the Delaware, two miles below Bor- dentown, v^'here he resided for nine years. Then returning to Bucks county, he was for three years engaged in the lumber bus- iness at Morrisville, in partnership with his brothers-in-law, Joseph C. and David Taylor. After retiring from his lumber operations Mr. Parsons purchased a coun- try seat near Morrisville, which he made his home until his death. He held several important positions in connection with financial and industrial in- stitutions, and from 1876 until his death was a member of the board of directors of the Bucks County Contributionship for In- suring Homes and Other Buildings from Loss by Fire, the oldest fire insurance com- pany in the county. Elected a director of the First National Bank of Trenton, New Jersey, in January, i8f)8, he "rendered a most faithful and untiring service there until his death," a period of nearly a quar- ter of a century, being elected to the pres- idency of the institution June 3, 1891. He was for many years a director of the Tren- ton City Bridge Company, and in addition to his official duties discharged the obliga- tions of numerous private positions of trust. 2 EIKvochI Parsons died October 13, 1891, and is buried beside his wife, in the family plot in the Morrisville Cemetery. He married, March 26, 185 1, Mercy Ann Taylor, born July 14, 1824, died October II, 1890, daughter of William and Mary (Crozer) Taylor, the former a descendant of Robert Taylor, mariner, a native of County Wicklow, who retired from the pursuit of the sea, settled in Philadelphia, and there died in 1798. Mary Crozer was a descendant of the Crozer family, who occupied for several generations the old Pennsbury Manor house and plantation which had been the home of William Penn. Through the Crozer line, Mercy Ann (Tay- lor) Parsons was descended from Duncan Williamson, one of the earliest settlers on the Delaware at Dunk's Ferry, which took its name from him, and also was descended from George Brown, who was commission- ed a justice at the Falls by Governor An- dros in 1680, as well as from John Sotchcr and his wife, Mary Lofty, who came from England with William Penn in 1699 and were long his stewards at Pennsbury Man- or. Children of Ellwood and Mercy .\nn (Taylor) Parsons: William Taylor, born April I, 1852, died June 24. 1875; Annie Crozer, born September 18, 1853, died Feb- ruary 9. 1895, married, September 3, 1891, Edward C. Williamson, of Falls township, Bucks county : Mary Taylor, born June 2, 185C). died April 25, 1909; Lydia Ander- son, born April 14, 1858, died August 16, 1914, married, February 17, 1869, Henry W. Comfort: George Taylor, bom May 14, 1861. met his death by drowning, Decem- ber 13, 1869: Rose, born June 13, 1864, died September 20, 1864; Ella, bom No- vember 8, 1866, a resident of Philadelphia and a member of the Pennsylvania Socicr ty. Colonial Dames of America, the Gene- alogical Society of Pennsylvania, and the Swedish Colonial Society. 15 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY GRAHAM, James A., Enterprising Man of Affairs. The death of James A. Graham, which occurred at his home in Pompton Plains, New Jersey, March 25, 1909, after an illness of several weeks, removed from that neigh- borhood one of its most highly esteemed and j)ubIic-siHrited citizens, and from the city of Paterson one of its well-known and successful business men. He was a man of wide acquaintanceship and many friends, his rugged character, quiet and un- assuming manner, and his high sense of personal integrity in all dealings with his fellow-men, winning for him a place in the hearts of those with whom he was brought in contact in the commercial and country life in which he played so prominent a part. Archibald Graham, grandfather of James A. Graham, was a resident of Pat- erson, New Jersey, where he was held in high regard by a wide circle of friends. He was the father of two sons and a daughter, the names of his sons James and Archibald, the latter named having passed his entire life in Paterson. following there the occu- pation of brewer, in which he was highly successful. James Graham, father of James A. Gra- ham, was born in Paterson. New Jersey, in 1828, died on his farm at Pompton Plains. New Jersey, in 1902. He was reared, edu- cated and married in the city of Paterson, removing from there to Pompton Plains, in 1862. there purchasing a large farm west of the Pequanac river, which was known as the old Squire Berry farm, upon which he resided for about five years, then sold the same and purchased the Schuyler farm, located on the east side of the river, where he erected a commodious and comfortable house, in which his widow and daughters are residing at the present time (1915). He was a progressive and prosperous farm- er, realizing a goodly income from his well directed efforts. He was quiet and unas suming. particularly devoted to his home and family, and his demise was sincerely mourned by all who had the honor of his acquaintance. His wife, Eliza (Kidd) Gra- ham, is a native of Ireland, from which country she emigrated to the United States at the age of fourteen years, and sixty years later, when seventy-four years of age, she returned to her native land, accom- panied by her daughter Sarah, and visited the scene of her birth, from which she de- rived considerable pleasure. Mr. and Mrs. Graham were the parents of eight children : Annie, resides with her mother ; James A., of whom further ; Hannah, died at the age of twenty-six years ; Maggie, died at the age of twenty-four years ; Isabelle, resides with her mother ; Sarah L., resides with her mother ; Mattie, died at the age of thir- teen years ; Andrew, resides on a farm in the vicinity of the homestead, married Louise Muller. now deceased, who bore him one child, James R., born in June, 1903. now residing with his grandmother, Mrs. Graham. James A. Graham was born on Broad- way, near Summer street, Paterson, New Jersey, September 3, 1856. He attended the local public school, and the New Jersey Business College in Newark, graduating from the latter in the year 1874. His first employment was with his uncle. Archibald Graham, who conducted a brewery, and up- on the death of the uncle, James A., was placed in charge of the Hamburg Avenue Brewery, in Paterson, and he managed the business so successfully that in a short time it was a thriving enterprise and he received a third interest in the concern. He later disposed of it to the Consolidated Malting and Brewing Company of Paterson, in which company he had an interest at the time of his death. .Mthough circumstances brought about his line of business, his tastes were along entirely different lines of activity, he being particularly fond of ag- ricultural pursuits, devoting considerable time to the cultivation and improvement of the homestead farm, upon which he resid- 216 -^mO^-*— ^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ed with his mother and sisters. He pur- chased two hundred acres adjoining his father's property of one hundred and fifty acres, and after the death of the elder Mr. Graham he managed it all under one head, erected an extensive barn and fine cream- ery, purchased a herd of one hundred and twenty-five Holstein cattle, which included the old world champion "Pauline Paul," one-time champion butter maker of the world. He was also a lover of horse flesh, being at one time a breeder of fine horses, a number of his horses having come from Lexington, Kentucky, a section famous for its thoroughbreds, several being now in the possession of his sisters on the farm. He attended the races at Lexington, which he thoroughly enjoyed. The water on the farm came from natural springs on the ridge, Mr. Graham installing a model wa- ter system. He displayed great ability in the management of his varied business af- fairs, accomplishing the ambition which he had in view when he set out to make his own way in the world. He was a Demo- crat in politics, active in the councils of his party, and was at one time a candidate for the office of sheriff, but was defeated. He held membership in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of Paterson. He possessed many lovable traits of character and disposition which won for him comrades who enjoyed his society, and being a man of rare good judgment, his aid and counsel were widely sought, and he never failed to meet any demand made u])- on his friendship or good will. He was extremely charitable, never turning a deaf ear to any worthy appeal for aid, always considerate of old people, there being a number whom he looked after, calling on them frequently and administering in a substantial manner to their comfort, and he was extremely fond of children, lavishing great affection on his nephew. His mother and sisters, especially the former, always teceived from him the greatest considera- 217 tion, reverence and love, he always proving himself an ideal son and brother. The funeral services of Mr. Graham were largely attended, people coming from far and near to express their respects to his memory. The services were conducted by the Rev. Mr. Sigalfoss, of the Pompton Re- formed Church, and the Rev. J. S. Hogan, of the Reformed Church of Jersey City. Both clergymen spoke from personal knowledge of the kindly traits and upright character of Mr. Graham. Interment was in Cedar Lawn Cemetery. Prominent among the more than one hundred floral pieces, many of which were magnificent, was one large vacant chair of flowers which stood nine feet high ; the back and seat were composed of lilies-of-the-valley, gar- denias and Easter lilies, the arms and legs of violets. This was the tribute from the Paterson Brewing and Malting Company. In his will he remembered his relatives, a number of men who had been in his employ for a number of years, and several hos- pitals. MANNERS. David Stout, Financier, Public Official. David Stout Manners, often chosen may- or of Jersey City, must be prominently named among those honored and revered by the best citizens as champions of the in- terests and rights of the community, those with faith in their city's future, unwearied in her service, vigilant, and dauntless in her defense. David Stout Manners was Ixirn at East Amwell, Hunterdon county. New Jersey, January 12, 1808, son of Captain David and Mary (Schenck) Manners, the former by occupation both a farmer and surveyor, who served with distinction in several im- portant engagements of the War of 1812. On the paternal side he is descended from John Manners, the first known ancestor in America, who came from Yorkshire. Eng- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY land, about the year 1700. Soon after his arrival he married Rebecca Stout, and set- tled in Hunterdon county, New Jersey. Mary (Schenck) Manners was a daughter of Captain John Schenck, a gallant officer of the Revolution, who, having been con- spicuous in previous struggles, especially distinguished himself by his intrepidity and important services in the battles of Mon- mouth and Princeton. The boyhood and youth of Mr. Manners were spent on his father's farm, where his educational advantages were mainly those afforded by the short winter terms of the village school. His parents were people of intelligence and culture. His father died in 1840. and after the sale of the home- stead, David S. Manners came to New York and there engaged in the wholesale grocery business. In 1848 he removed to Jersey City, New Jersey, and at once be- came prominent in politics. In 185 1 he was elected alderman, and also became a mem- ber of the board of water commissioners. In 1852 he was elected mayor of Jersey City by a handsome majority, and his ser- vices gave widespread satisfaction, as he had the confidence of all his constituents, and was retained in office for five consec- utive terms, declining further honors in this capacity. Mayor Manners was far-see- ing and enthusiastic ; he proposed many improvements in Jersey City and achieved them, as far as the progress of the times would permit. He was a stockholder in various banking institutions. In 1856 he became a member of the American Geo- graphical and Statistical Society. His char- ities were numerous and unostentatious Mayor Manners married, in 1843. De- borah Philips Johnes, a daughter of David Johnes, granddaughter of Major David Johnes. an able officer of the .■\rmy of the Revolution, and a descendant of Edward and Anne (Griggs) Johnes. natives of Din- der, Somerset. England, who landed at Sa- lem, but soon settled at Oiarlestown. Mas- sachusetts, in 1630. In the summer of 1884. 2 Mayor Manners was stricken with the- disease which proved fatal, and on .August 19, 1884, he passed away, highly respected,. and a conspicuous figure in the community and in Hudson county. New Jersey. DE CAMP, John, Distinguished Naval Officer. Rear Admiral John De Camp, United States Navy, late of Burlington, was born at Morristown, New Jersey, in 1812. On October i, 1827, he received the appoint- ment of midshipman in the navy, from the State of Florida, and was first put on ac- tive service in the sloop "Vandalia," of the Brazilian Squadron, in 1829-30. He was promoted to passed midshipman on June 10, 1833. In 1837 he was on duty on the frigate "Constellation," of the West India Squadron, and on February 28, 1838, was appointed lieutenant. He was again on the Brazilian station in 1840, being attached to the sloop "Peacock," and to the sloop "Boston," of the same squadron, during 1845-46. In the war with Mexico in 1846- 47, he distinguished himself at the battle of Vera Cruz. In 1850 he was ordered to the Pacific Squadron on the sloop "Fal- mouth," and in 1854 to the coast of Africa, attached to the frigate "Constitution," re- ceiving his commission as commander on September 14, 1855. .Subsequently he was appointed lighthouse inspector, and was at- tached to the Brooklyn navyyard in that capacity and was next appointed to the storeship "Relief." In 1861, on the outbreak of the Rebel- lion, he was ordered to the command of the steam-sloop "Iroquois," on the West Gulf Blockading Squadron. The "Iroquois," which was one of the fleet of Flag-Officer I-"arragut, which made the passage of Forts Jackson and Philip on April 24, 1862. had bei'n placed on picket duty about a mile in advance of the main squadron on the night of the 23rd. In the passage of the forts she was in the second division, under Cap- 18 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tain Bell. Early in the morning of April 24th the "Iroquois" hotly engaged the forts, and shortly after four o'clock a rebel ram, and a gunboat which had run astern of her, poured into her a destructive fire of grape- shot and langrage, the latter being compos- ed mostly of copper slugs. Driving off the gimboat with an eleven-inch shell and a stand of canister, the "Iroquois" proceed- ed, and in a little while, still under a terri- bly severe fire from Fort St. Philip, as she was passing that fort, she was attacked by five or six rebel steamers, but giving each a broadside of shell as she passed, succeeded in completely destroying them. Four miles farther down the river she captured forty rebel soldiers and a well-equipped gunboat. The "Iroquois" during the fight was badly injured in her hull, besides having eight of her men killed and twenty-four wounded. From this time forward Commander Do Camp took active part in all the engage- ments on the Mississippi up to and includ- ing the capture of Vicksburg. He was commissioned captain July 16, 1862, for gallantry at New Orleans. In 1863-64 he commanded the frigate "Wabash," of the South Atlantic Squadron, and was commis- sioned commodore September 28. 1866. He was placed in charge of the "Potomac" store-ship, during 1866-67 at Pensacola, and performed his last active duty as com- mander of the same vessel while she was stationed at Philadelphia as receiving ship in i868-6g. He was made rear-admiral on the retired list on July 13, 1870. Eighteen of the forty-three years he was in the ser- vice he passed in active duties at sea, being known during that time as one of the brav- est and ablest of the old school of naval officers. An illustration of his bravery is given in the fact that, on one occasion, while ill, he caused himself to be fa.stened in the chains of his vessel during an en- gagement, and lost part of one of his ears by a piece of shell from a rebel mortar. In 1871 Admiral De Camp took up his residence in Burlington, and, as regularly as his impaired health would permit, attend- ed the service there of St. Mary's Episco- pal Church, having during the closing years of his life given serious attention to relig- ious matters. A day was fixed for his pub- lic baptism in that church, but the event had to be postponed by reason of an attack of illness. He was, however, baptized by the Rev. Dr. Hills, rector of St. Mary's, while lying on his sick bed, on June 14, 1875. He died ten days after, aged sixty- three years, and was buried at Morristown, New ler.sev. RANSOM, Stephen Billings, Prominent Lawyer. Stephen Billings Ransom, one of the most eminent and successful lawyers of Jersey City, and a recognized factor in political circles in the State of New Jersey, was born at Salem, Connecticut, October 12, 1814, son of Amasa Ransom, a farmer, long resident in that place. Stephen B. Ransom was educated at Ba- con Academy, Colchester, Connecticut, con- tinuing his studies there until 1835, after which he was engaged in teaching, which vocation he followed for one year at Mend- ham and in other towns, removing to the State of New Jersey in 1836. In 1841 he began the study of law, under the direction of Phineas B. Kennedy, then county clerk of Belvidere, and completed his course un- der the supervision of William Thompson, of .Somerville. He was admitted to the bar of New Jersey, September 5, 1844. For three years he practiced his profession at New Germantown, Hunterdon county, and in April, 1848, he removed to Somerville, where he resided and practiced law until 1856. Two years previously, in 1854, he also opened an office in Jersey City, to which city he subsec|uc'ntly removed his residence, and was looked upon as a shrewd practitioner, true to his convictions, yet just to those who diflfered, positive, yet kind. In politics he was originally a Dem- 219 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ocrat, and supported Van Buren for presi- dent in 1848. Four years later, he became a Republican and voted for Franklin Pierce. He supported Horace Greeley for the presidency against the re-election of Ulysses S. Grant. In 1845 ^"^ 1846 he commanded a company of militia at New Germantown. Mr. Ransom was a man of strong physique, was as careful of his health as of his law cases, in their success- ful results, and left a heritage in an honest name, appreciated by his contemporaries, a man of abundant labors, and truly Chris- tian character, so that his appearance, as well as his memory, will be cherished. Mr. Ransom married (first) May 14, 1845, in Hunterdon county. New Jersey, Maria C. Apgar, daughter of Jacob Apgar, who went to California, on the discovery of gold, and died there in 1849. The fol- lowing year Mrs. Ransom died. Mr. Ran- som married (second) in July, 1856, Eliza W. Hunt, daughter of Stephen R. Hunt, a lawyer of Somerville, New Jersey. Mr. Ransom died December 3, 1893, leaving a widow, five sons and two daughters. BORCHERLING, Charles G. A., Oldest Member of Eases Connty Bar. To live long is a distinction, to live long and well is an honor. To walk the earth for eighty-five years has been a distinction borne by many, but to few has been the signal honor given to carry that weight of years so honorably as did the eminent law- yer, Qiarles G. A. Rorcherling. of New- ark, New Jersey, who at his death was the oldest member of the Essex county bar, and was no whit less able, clearminded, and effective as an advocate than his most em- inent contemporaries, all of them many years his juniors. For half a century he was a commanding figure at the bar. passing from youth to middle age to full maturity and then to the rewards of rcsjiect and po- sition due his attainments, his honorable life, and his weight of years. With the years he grew in knowledge, in legal acu- men, and in power, in the love and respect of his associates and in the confidence of influential as well as humble clients. He loved the law but he loved justice more, and his greatest joy was not that he had won a cause but that justice had been done. Although deeply concerned in the civic and temporal welfare of his city, he never sought nor accepted public office. As he re- tained true affection for the land of his birth, so did he glory in the freedom, op- portunity, and life of his adopted country, and no truer citizen breathed the air of freedom than Charles Gustav Adoph Bor- cherling. Charles G. A. Borcherling was born in Berlin, Germany, January 11, 1827, and died of apoplexy in Newark, New Jersey, February 21, 1912. He was a son of Charles Frederick and Christina (Hell- mund) Borcherling. His father was ex- empted from military service in the Ger- man army as a mark of favor, his brother having fallen under Bliicher at the battle of Waterloo. He came to the United States when his son, Charles G. .A. Borch- erling, was young, but afterward sent the latter back to Germany to complete his classical education, .'\fter finishing his studies in Germany, the then young man began the study of law in Newark, New Jersey, entering the office of the eminent lawyer, Cortlandt Parker. He was admit- ted to the New Jersey bar at the June term, i860, as an attorney, and at the November term, 1863. as a counsellor. In i860 he be- gan general practice in Newark, was in turn admitted to all State and Federal courts of the district, and for fifty years was one of the most successful of lawyers, conducting a very e.xtensive, lucrative prac- tice. His professional career was one of honor and strict observance of legal ethics. He was wise in counsel, untiring in the preparation of his cases, and most force- ful in their presentation to court or jury. He depended entirely upon the legal CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY strength and effective presentation of his cause, never by chicanery or inferior prac- tice seeking to befog the issue. He was fair and most considerate of the rights of opposing counsel, but dealt sledge hammer blows in open legal argument. In his later years he surrendered the heavier burdens of practice, but was ever the sound legal adviser of clients and a valuable consultant of many lawyers, who drew largely upon his learning, experience, and wisdom. Mr. Borcherling was a Republican in politics, and a longtime member of Trinity Protestant Episcopal Church. He was one of the oldest members of St. John's Lodge, No. I, Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Essex Club. He was an old and valued member of the various bar associations of the city and district. He was vice-presi- dent of the American Bar Association for a number of years, and was interested in many societies and organizations of New- ark. He married (first) August 12, 1869, in Newark, Eliza S., daughter of James M. and Phoebe Quinby, who died in 1875, leaving a son, Frederick Adolph, born Oc- tober 4, 187 1, a member of the Essex coun- ty bar and, until his father's death, his law partner. Mr. Borcherling married (sec- ond) July 23, 1885, in New York City, Mary Latimer, daughter of William and Caroline (Barton) Ruxton. The funeral services of Mr. Borcherling were conduct- ed by Right Reverend Edwin S. Lines, Bishop of Newark, after which he was laid at rest in Mount Pleasant Cemetery. GILCHRIST, Robert, lawyer. State Official. The late Hon. Robert Gilchrist, a lawyer of Jersey City, who attained notable success in his profession, winning a high and hon- orable place among his associates, was a native of Jersey City, born August 12, 1825, died in Jersey City, in July, 1888. He read law with John Annin and Isaac 221 W. Scudder, was admitted to the New Jer- sey bar as an attorney in 1847, l^ter be- came a counselor, and subsequently was a partner of Mr. Scudder. Always taking an interest in public affairs, he was called up- on to discharge some high and responsible trusts. Politically he was a member of the Whig party until it was merged into the Republican organization. In 1866 he be- came the Democratic candidate for Con- gress in the Fifth District. The Republi- cans, however, were successful in electing their nominee, George A. Halsey. In May, 1869, he was nominated by Governor Ran- dolph as Attorney-General of the State, to succeed George M. Robeson ; was appoint- ed Secretary of the Navy. In April, 1873. he was appointed by Governor Parker on a special commission to revise the constitution of the State. In January, 1875, '''^ retired from the Attorney-Generalship, and was succeeded by ex-Governor Joel Parker. During the same month his name was brought before the Democratic caucus of the Legislature for the nomination for United States Senator, and he received large support, but the Governor. Theodore F. Randolph, eventually obtained the nom- ination, and was elected. Mr. Gilchrist was one of the most dra- matic and effective pleaders at the bar; he made an interesting and brilliant campaign, whenever nominated, and the fight made for Mr. Gilchrist was of such a character as to convince the State House leaders that they had no mean antagonist in the oppo- site leaders who put Mr. Gilchrist in the field. His contemporaries were Theodore F. Randolph, who achieved the office of L^nited States Senator in 1875 ; Mr. Mc- Pherson. and who also became ambitious for the United States senatorship, desiring to succeed Frederick T. Frelinghuy.sen. Attorney-Genera! Gilchrist was an im- posing looking man, very striking in ap- pearance, having the advantage in this re- spect, and in his fine voice, as a speaker, over some of his colleagues, prominent in CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY office, and as aspirants for office. The State of New Jersey was represented at that time by General Sewell, Frederick A. Potts, Garret A. Hobart, Jonathan Dixon, of Jersey City, of the RepubHcan party : Leon Abbett, of Jersey City, William Wal- ter Phelps, of Bergen county. John W. Taylor, of Essex county, John W. Griggs, a lawyer, of Bergen county, and ex-Gover- nor Bedle, all political comrades and op- ponents, with others equally prominent, al- ready mentioned. Mr. Gilchrist married, late in life, while prominent in office, Fredericka Beardsley. They were the parents of two sons and two daughters. YOUNG, Edward F. C, Financier, Corporation Officer. The late Edward F. C. Young, who was a man of energy, enterprise, determination, and the ability to recognize and improve opportunities, characteristics which make for success in every undertaking in which they engage, traced his ancestry to the Rev. John Young, a native of England, who left that country for the New World, arriving in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1638, and two years later was one of the founders of Southold, Long Island, and there spent the remainder of his days, died and was buried there, his grave being kept green by each succeeding generation. Another pa- ternal ancestor was Ephraim Young, chap- lain of the State militia during the Revolu- tionary War. On the maternal side he was of Scotch descent. New Jersey has been the home of the Young family for many years past, the grandfather and father of Edward F. C. 'Young having been born in the same room, in the old homestead, in Morris county, in which he himself first saw the light of day. At the age of nine years, two years after the death of his father, Edward F. C. Young removed to Jersey City, and was there educated in the public schools. A 222 rural career was altogether too dull and unattractive for a man of his active tem- perament, and so it was that he moved city- ward. He began his business career with the Hudson County Bank, November i, 1852, where six months previously the late Augustus A. Hardenburgh, who himself ac.'iieved distinction in public life, had tak- en a desk. An offer of the tellership tempt- ed liim twelve years later to the First Na- tional Bank, which was just then on the eve of ab.sorbing the old Mechanics and Traders Bank. He became assistant cash- ier in 1865, cashier in 1874, and on the death of the late Alexander Hamilton Wal- lis, in 1879, was made its president. Mr. Young knew men at a glance, and by his shrewd business management had, when he was summoned to the front in the guberna- torial campaign, built the bank into the most important institution in the State. His co- operation was sought by many large enter- prises both in New Jersey and in New York, and he was associated with J. P. Morgan, Thomas F. Ryan and other finan- cial leaders in many extensive transactions. At his death he was an officer and director in upwards of thirty institutions. With the late Charles B. Thurston, Mr. Young form- ed the Bergen & Jersey City Street Rail- way Company, and in 1893, with the late B. M. Shanley, organized the Consolidated Traction Company, which acquired many lines in Jersey City, Newark and Elizabeth, and was the first president of the company. In 1896 the traction company was absorbed by the Public Service Corporation, and Mr. Young retired. His connection with the Dixon Company extended over a period of nearly thirty years. He was an officer in the following companies : Acker Process Company, of which he was vice-president and director; American Graphite Company, president and director; First National Bank of Jersey City, president and director; Jo- seph Dixon Crucible Company, president and director; Pavonia Trust Company of Jersey City, president and director; North CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Jersey Land Company, president and director, and in addition to this was a di- rector in the following: Bankers Trust Company of New York, Bayonne Trust Company, Bergen & Lafayette Trust Com- pany. Jersey City ; BowHng Green Trust Company, New York ; Brooklyn Annex, Co- lonial Life Insurance Company, Hoboken and Manhattan Railroad Company, Hudson County Gas Company, Liberty National Bank, New York ; New Jersey Title Guar- antee & Trust Company, Jersey City ; New York and New Jersey Railroad Company, North Jersey Street Railway Company, Public Service Corporation of New Jersey. People's Safe Deposit and Trust Company and the West Hudson Trust Company, Harrison. His business lines reached out in every direction, and through them, he had gradu- ally grown, almost without observing it himself, to be an influential jxtlitical factor. The lines of politics in Hudson county led as unfailingly, as the lines of business, to his ornate little office in the First National Bank building. While attending to his bank duties, he managed to serve as city treasur- er from 1865 to 1870. He was compli- mented by being elected first to the city council, then to the board of freeholders, and was the first director-at-large in the history of Hudson county affairs. In 1880 he was one of the electors who cast the vote of New Jersey for Winfield S. Han- cock for President of the United States, and in 1888 represented New Jersey in the National convention that gave Grover Qeveland his second nomination for the presidency. Mr. Young loomed up for the governorship, but was defeated in the con- vention at Trenton by Senator Werts. He was the New Jersey director of railroads for five years. He was identified with many charitable organizations, and was one of the founders of the Cliildren's Home. His contributions to St. John's Episcopal Church were large, and he also contributed $25,000 to Emory Church, and $1,000 for a bell for the new All Saints Qiurch, in La- fayette. He was a member of the New Jersey Historical Society, the New Jersey Society of the Order of Founders and Patriots of America, and was entitled to membership in the Sons of the Revolution. Mr. Young married, July 26, 1854, Har- riet M. Strober, who survives him, as does also a son, Edward L. Young, and a daugh- ter, Hattie Louise, wife of George W. Smith, president of the First National Bank, Jersey City, and they reside on the Heights, Jersey City. Mr. Young passed away at his home. Boulevard and Glen- wood avenue, Jersey City, December 6, 1908. KUNSMAN, Amos, Prominent Business Man, Charoh Worker. .A man of action rather than of words, of business talents and untiring energy, of actual achievements that advanced the wealth and prosperity of the community, is a very fair description of the late .\mos Kunsman, of Trenton, New Jersey. He was a man who was always intensely in earnest, and tliis power of concentration enabled him to accomplish a mass of work which would have swamped one less adapt- ed to a strenuous life. .•\nios Kunsman was born in Bucks coun- ty, Pennsylvania, November 9, 1840, and died at his home in Trenton, New Jersey, March 15, 1914. His education, an elemen- tary one acquired in the district schools near his birth-place, was supplemented by home study in his leisure hours, and his keen observation of men and manners throughout his life. He was sixteen years of age when he began his first appearance in business life in E^ston, Pennsylvania. Later he was in New Brunswick, and then came to Trenton, New Jersey which was from that time forth to be the field of his mature activities. He made his entrance into the business life of the city as an em- ploye of Baker & Brother, who were the 223 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY proprietors of a dry goods store on East State street. Twenty years were spent with this company, during which time his faith- ful discharge of the duties which fell to his share met with appreciation of a sat- isfactory nature. At the end of this period Mr. Kunsman had amassed a considerable capital, and he decided to engage in busi- ness for himself. He accordingly associ- ated himself in a business partnership with Isaac Cole, the firm name being Cole & Kunsman, and a store was opened on North Broad street which was conducted success- fully for a term of five years, when the partnership was dissolved. Mr. Kunsman continued in the dry goods business for himself, and later took as a partner John Taylor Leigh, the business being conducted under the style of Kunsman & Leigh, in a store located on South Broad street, al- most opposite Factory street. Subsequently this partnership was dissolved and the busi- ness sold to Messrs. Melrose & Lee and Mr. Kunsman retired from active business life, a few years prior to his death. In all, Mr. Kunsman had been identified with the dry goods business more than half a century. Outside of his business interests, Mr. Kunsman took no part in the public affairs of the city, having no desire for pub- lic office, and deeming that he was best serving the community by furthering its business progress. Much of his time, how- ever, was given to religious work. For a long time he was an active member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church, later joining St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, his activities being of great benefit to this institution. Patriotism was a strong factor in his character, and this prompted him to offer his services to his country. As a member of a Pennsylvania volunteer reg- iment, at the time of the threatened inva- sion of Pennsylvania by the Confederate troops, he participated in many of the most important battles of the period. Mr. Kuns- man married Adeline Bellerjean, and they had one daughter Leola. • 224 For a long time Mr. Kunsman had beer a member of the Official Board of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, and at th< time of his death the following resolution; were drawn up by this body to testify tc the esteem and love in which he was held Whereas, God in His inscrutable wisdom havin; called our beloved brother and co-worker ir Christ to his glorious inheritance, and Whereas, Realizing that in the transition ol Brother Kunsman St. Paul's M. E. Church lose: a kind and loving friend, one whose Christian in tegrity and gentleness endeared him to all, whos( counsel and judgment were of incalculable value and whose munificence in all branches of churct work was of a quality which could emanate onlj from a heart imbued with a desire for the ad- vancement of God's kingdom on earth, there- fore be it Resolved, That the Official Board, representing the constituency of St. Paul's M. E. Church, dc hereby extend to the family of Brother Amos Kunsman, in this their great affliction, their most sincere and heartfelt condolence. "The Lord has given and the Lord has taken away. Blessed be the name of the Lord." Levi H. Morris, Elijah Coles, Elma E. Sutphin. HASBROUCK, Dr. Washington. Leader in Educational Affairs. Dr. Washington Hasbrouck, who died in 1895, has inseparably linked his name with the Hasbrouck Institute of Jersey City. This school was founded in 1856. For ten years it occupied a small building at Nos. 53"55 Mercer street, was conducted as a private school, and patronized by the lead- ing families of the city. Then the school removed to the Lyceum Building, No. 109 Grand street, and ten years later, in 1876, Dr. Hasbrouck severed his connection with it, the management passing into the hands of Giarles C. Stimets, A.M. and Horace A. Wait, A. B.. the principals, who built up a large and flourishing school. A fine build- ing was erected on the Heights, named The Hasbrouck Institute in honor of Dr. Has- brouck. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Dr. Hasbrouck was from Poughkeepsic, New York, originally, belonging to an old aristocratic family. As a promoter of the highest standards of civic achievements and educational developments, Dr. Hasbrouck could not be surpassed. He was a man of rare culture and ability, a leader in col- legiate affairs, and an inspiration to Hud- son county in scientific and cultured lines. HARDENBERGH, Augustus A., Financier, Member of Congress. The death of Hon. Augustus A. Harden- bergh, which occurred October 5, 1889, at his late home in Jersey City, removed from that section of New Jersey one of its most widely known men, his activities in Hud- son county, in public and private ways, making his name a household word from Bull's Ferry to Bergen Point. His record in Congress brought him into close and in- timate relations with the chief men of New York and Pennsylvania, who held him in as high esteem as did his fellow citizens. Augustus A. Hardenbergh was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, May 18, 1830, son of the late Cornelius L. Harden- bergh, LL.D., of New Brunswick, who was during his life time a leading member of the New Jersey bar, and for many years prominently connected with Rutgers Col- lege, of which institution Rev. Jacob R. Hardenbergh, D.D., his grandfather, was the first president, also the founder. Augustus A. Hardenbergh entered Rut- gers College in 1844, but continued in col- lege only one year, the failing health and eyesight of his father rendering necessary the son's assistance as amanuensis. Two years later he entered a counting house in New York City, and took up his residence in Jersey City, New Jersey. In 1852 he became connected with the Hudson County Bank, and in 1858 was appointed its cash- ier, and in 1878 was elected its president, a position he held up to the time of his decease. For some years previous to his 225 II-iS appointment as cashier he had manifested an interest in politics, and in 1853 was elect- ed by the Democrats to the New Jersey Legislature from Jersey City, and although quite a young man, took an active part in legislative affairs. During the session of 1854 he acquired a favorable State reputa- tion by securing the passage of the general banking act and by opposing the Camden & Amboy railroad monopoly. He was five times elected alderman of Jersey City, in 1857-1862, inclusive, and during the last year he was chosen president of the common council, and also served as chair- man of the war committee. In 1868 he removed to Bergen, and during the first year's residence there was almost unani- mously elected to the town council. Dur- ing the same year he was elected State Di- rector of Railroads by the New Jersey Leg- islature, and in 1872 represented the Fourth Congressional District as their delegate to the Baltimore National Convention, which nominated Horace Greeley for president, and in the same year was chosen president of the Northern Railroad Company of New Jersey. He again removed to Hudson county in 1873, and ever afterward resided there. His residence in Jersey City was at the corner of Barrow and Montgomery streets, a very beautiful section of Jersey City at that time, near Van Vorst Park. In 1874, at the solicitation of his friends, he became the Democratic candidate for Con- gress, and although the district had gone Republican two years previously by over one thousand majority, he was elected by nearly five thousand majority. He was again elected in 1876, 1878 and 1880, and during this period he succeeded in making Jersey City a port of entry. In 1883 he was appointed a member of the Board of Finance and Taxation, and in the follow- ing year he was appointed by Governor Ab- bett as a trustee of the State Reform School. Mr. Hardenbergh was a cultivated gen- tleman, and as a representative reflected CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY honor on himself and his State of New Jersey. He was a ready and graceful speaker, possessed a large amount of mag- netism, was courteous and courtly, of gen- ial manner, and therefore was very popu- lar, said to be one of the most popular men that Hudson county ever knew. Among his associates were Justice Jonathan Dix- on, William Muirheid, Judge Bedle and Flavel McGee. Mr. Hardenbergh's widow survives him, also his son, John R. Harden- bergh, who is president of the Commer- cial Trust Company, also president of the Hudson County Bank, formerly his fath- er's bank. LEBKUECHER, Julius A., Manufacturer, Financier, Public Official. Julius A. Lebkuecher was born in the Province of Baden, Germany. February 9, 1844, and died at his home in Newark, New Jersey, May 13, 1913. He was a son of Francis and Louise (Kurz) Lebkuecher, who emigrated to the United States in the year 1848, taking up their residence in Jer- sey City, New Jersey, from whence they removed to Newark, in the same State, in 1852. Julius A. Lebkuecher attended the public schools, completing his studies in the high school of Newark, from which he was graduated in the class of i860. He at once turned his attention to the mastery of the jewelry trade, and by strict applica- tion and perseverance became thoroughly familiar with the various branches of the trade, and in 1869 was competent to embark in business on his own account, joining George Krementz in the organization of the firm of Krementz & Company, whose business constantly increased in volume and importance year by year, and is now one of the most extensive and most suc- cessful business enterprises of its kind in the City of Newark. In connection with his other interests Mr. Lebkuecher was vice-president and a director of the Union National Bank, the Franklin Savings In- stitution, and was president of the Four- teenth Ward Building & Loan Association. In public affairs Mr. Lebkuecher was quite prominent, having been called upon to fill a number of positions of trust and responsibility, but he never consented to accept public office until the spring of 1894, when his name was placed on the Republi- can ticket as a mayoralty candidate in New- ark. He was elected by a majority of al- most five thousand votes, this being an un- mistakable evidence of the trust and con- fidence reposed in him as a man of splen- did business qualifications and unquestion- ed integrity. He entered upon the duties of his office. May 7, 1894, and in the begin- ning of his administration placed the gen- eral business of the city upon a business footing. Extravagances in the purchase of supplies were cut off ; the cost of sewers, paving and other improvements was lessen- ed : the business methods of the flepartment were put on a more practical and therefore economical basis ; the long outstanding claims due the city from various corpora- tions were collected, including one of $89,000 against two railroad corporations which money was devoted to the increase of public school accommodations in the city ; and he secured the passage of a State law encouraging street paving. Consider- ing the fact that great improvements were made during his term and that there had been but a slight increase in taxable valua- tions, owing to the depressed conditions of the times, the tax rate of the city was re- duced, rather than increased. Mr. Leb- kuecher. however, was not successful in his candidacy for re-election, although sup- ported by the most substantial and progres- sive citizens, those who had the future wel- fare of the city at heart, as had Mr. Leb- kuecher. Mr. Lebkuecher married (first) July 20, 1870, Mary Hayden, who died in 1893, 226 CYCLOPEb... honor on himself and his State of New Jersey. He was a ready and grace fn' speaker, possessed a large ;ii' ■ iin 'f i ii netism, was courteous an; ial manner, and il-'er,!- lar, said to be that Hud«An his assov on. '^^ I' Fl.r cii I.EBKUECHER. j Julius A. lYovince ■' 1844, aiv Jersey, Francis n the ..... ; _. .uary 9, in Newark, New lie was a son of (Kurz) Lebkuecher, ■.f,\v' :-■- L., uie United States in the ye . ing up their residence in Jer- ,ie\ ^. ••cvv Jersey, from whence they renewed to Newark, in the same State, in Julius A. Lebkuecher attended the pubh schools, completing his studies in the hig schofjl of Newark, from which he wa graduated in the class of i860. He i.. oncf; turned his attention to the mastery '.-: '■■■-.' icwelry trade, and by strict applica- "■■r\ ■_■•<] perseverance became thoroughly t. ' the various branches of the tr. .XGrj was competent to embark in Du-ni on his own account, joining George K-ementz in the organization of the firn; 'ntz & Company, whose tmsines- increased in volume ■ r by year, and is now -tensive and most suc- Dusiii.-- nteri)rises of its kind in of Newark. In connection with Lebkuecher was Jcnt ap'' 1" the Unior 'iciin Savings In ;..-nt of the Fou ig 6l Loan Associatio. Mr. Lebkuecher w been called up rions of trust a; ver consented i • ^pring of iSi' die Repub iate in Ne- He was elec^ iority of ;. • St five thousand being an u mistakable evidence of the trust and cr. fidence reposed in him as a man of sple did business qualifications and unquestic ed integrity- He entered upon the duti of his office, May 7, 1894, and in the begi ning of his administration placed the gi' eral business of the city upon a busin' footing. Extravagances in the purchase supplies were cut off; the cost of > ■ paving and other improvements wa« ; ed ; the business methods of the dep: > were put on a more practical and the. economical basis ; the long outstand- claims due the city from various corpo- tions were collected, including one -■<.,. VV1 lori'in-? nv,» railroad corporatic' ?d to the incrc. . ;inodations in -ecured the passage of ' ,,i,, , "•" -street paving. C : - ing thi' ri'eat improvement made '"-< ^nd that thei been b - in taxable kuecher, h< I-,, !• ^x not succes fare o- kucchci . Mr. l.^bkuecher married (fir^f 226 m > CD D O < n > CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of the public. He was great in all things, yet withal modest and unassuming, a de- lightful companion, a faithful friend, true to every trust reposed in him and constant in his fidelity to his family, his daughters treasuring above all the memory of his de- votion to their mother and his loving care of their every interest. Judge Randolph married, in 1840, Eli.ia Henderson, daughter of John Burrowes and Hope Forman, of Freehold, New Jersey. John Burrowes Forman was born in 1786, died in 1853, son of Jonathan and Hope (Burrowes) Forman. He married Hope B. Henderson, born in 1787, died in 1823, daughter of Hon. Thomas Henderson ; thev were the parents of four children : Eliza, the youngest, was born in 1819. Jonathan Forman, eldest son of Sheriff David For- man, was born in 1758, died in 1803. He married Hope Burrowes, a sister of Major John Burrowes. She bore him four chil- dren, John Burrowes Forman being the youngest. Sheriff David Forman was a son of Judge Jonathan and Margaret (Wyckoff) Forman, the former a prosper- ous farmer and judge of the Court of Com- mon Pleas of Monmouth county in 1745. Judge Jonathan Forman was the second son of Samuel Forman, high sheriff of Monmouth county in 1695. He was a son of Aaron Forman, who came from Long Island to Alonmouth prior to 1693, son of Robert Foreman* founder of the family in .America, an Englishman driven to Hol- land by religious persecution, thence com- ing to .America, where he appears as one of eighteen incorporators of the town of Flush- ing, Long Island, in 1645. Four daughters of Judge Randolph survive him: Frances Forman Fitz Randolph ; Isabella H., mar- ried Rev. Albert Dod Minor ; Julia, married Flavel McGee, a prominent lawyer of Jer- sey City ; and .Althea R., married Joseph D. Bedle, Governor of New Jersey. In a letter written to his daughter, Althea, *Sec addenda for Foreman and Forman under date of January 20, 1875, Judge Ran- dolph spoke in the highest terms of the in- augural address of Governor Bedle, adding the wish that "a copy could be placed in the hands of every thinking man," closing with the sentence "I am grateful to God for His blessing and favor vouchsafed to your good husband." .\s a fitting close to this review of his life a copy of the splendid tribute paid Judge Randolph by the Hudson Coun- ty Bar Association is appended: At a meeting of the bar of Hudson County, New Jersey, held at the Chancery Chambers, Jersey City, March 10, i8(»o, it was resolved as follows : The members of the bar of Hudson County learn with deep regret of the decease of Ben- nington F. Randolph, their honored associate for nearly thirty years, and for over half a century an active and well known member of the legal profession in this state. During this long period his industry, his intelligence, his integrity, have been unexcelled in the profession. Personal in- tercourse with him only served to add the warmth of affection to the respect with which he was everywhere regarded. We do not believe any- one can recall an unkind remark uttered by him. and we are sure that many have felt, and will always remember, the genial welcome, the kind attention, the timely suggestion, the word of en- couragement, which it was his habit to give. He could hardly have known what it was to have an enemy, but the narrow confines of his own state are not nearly spacious enough to enclose his host of friends. A member of an honored New Jer- sey family which has rendered much and signal service to the state, he was always looked to and chosen for responsible public duties, and he dis- charged them with constant fidelity and well- directed skill. Fifteen years of judicial service, twenty years on the riparian commission, and a whole generation of both personal and official labor in the improvement and government of the public schools, testify to his place in the public esteem and his devotion to the general good. As a guardian of the State's most valuable prop- erty, as a dispenser of her public justice, and as a manager of her system of popular education — the palladium of her liberties — our departed friend filled up his measure of service to the community, heaped and running over. Rut be- sides this, he filled many posts of private duty. His sound judgment and integrity were sought by several leading financial institutions, in which he served as director, and he aided in organizing that gigantic engine of providence and benevo- 235 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Icnce, the Equitable Life Assurance Society. He was a consistent Christian and deeply interested in church work and religious education, and his influence was thus always on the side of enlight- enment, good morals, and true progress. As such men yield to the common destiny, lay down their burdens and pass away, we may justly sor- row at their loss ; but in their well rounded term of years and honors and public services, we may realize an example which will act long after they are gone, and will perpetuate their memory in a line of honorable and devoted lives, which is a true immortality, though, as we humbly believe, not the only immortality of well doing reserved for them. We tender our respectful sympathy to the family and relatives of our deceased friend, and will attend the funeral ceremonies, and we direct the secretary of the meeting to present this resolution to the courts of this county, and to request its entry on the minutes, and that a copy be forwarded to the family of the deceased. Lovely and lovable, a devoted wife and faithful mother, Mrs. Randolph was the pride of her husband and the joy of her children. One of the three heirs of the late John B. Forman estate, her executive abili- ty in financial and executive aflfairs was giv- en ample scope and was proven of high quality. An immaculate house-keeper, al- ways surrounded by a circle of friends, her hospitality was unbounded. Her notable charm of manner and gracious personality blended with a sincerity of purpose, eman- ating from a strong Christian character. Her judgment was excellent, she was a lib- eral i)rovider, and known for her generosity and philanthropy. In 1861 the family mov- ed to Jersey City, Judge Randolph presid- ing over the First District Court of Hud- son county, and there she was much sought after by the representative people in the church and in society, and was greatly be- loved by all. Her charming personality and lovable characteristics never forsook her, but, witty, brilliant, and beautiful to the last, she delighted those who knew her. An accident terminated her life in her eighty-ninth year, while living in Freehold in the new residence built by her upon the retirement of the family after Judge Ran- dolph's death in 1890. She was a daughter of John Burrowes Forman and Hojie Henderson, his wife, and granddaughter of Hon. Thomas Henderson, a graduate of Princeton, a distinguished physician and patriot of the Revolutionary period, a descendant of Michael Hender- son, grandson of Sir Michael Balfour, of England. The Formans are descended from Robert Forman, an Englishman, who came to this country in 1645. The connec- tion of the family with the Wyckoffs by marriage, the Seymours, of New York, and many promient lines and people is most in- teresting. A great shock to Mrs. Randolph and one that came but a few years after the death of her honored husband was the passing of her son-in-law. Judge Bedle, who died Oc- tober 21, 1894. Seven years later she was again prostrated by the death of her son- in-law. Honorable Flavel McGee, who died August 12, 1901. In August, 1906, a fav- orite and devoted daughter. Miss Frances Forman Fitz Randolph, died, and two years later, on August 21, Mrs. Randolph suc- cumbed to accidental injuries, survived by her daughters, Mrs. Althea F. Randolph, widow of ex-Governor Bedle, and Mrs. Julia F. Randolph, widow of Flavel McGee, and Mrs. Isabella Minor. Mrs. Minor died June 10, 1910, leaving a daughter, Sus- an Brown Minor, a resident of New York City. Mrs. McGee died November 30, 19 1 2, leaving Mrs. Redle the last survivor of her familv. SPELLMEYER, Henry, D. D.. LLC., Distingmshed Methodiat Divine. "Nothing must ever interfere with my duty," was ever Bishop Spellmeyer's motto, and nothing ever did, his end coming while he was presiding over a session of the New Jersey Conference at Atlantic City, after the conference had been in session three days. Tlie life of Henry Spellmeyer was re- markable for its contiued development from 236 Shu^£^AU^^JiAj/-V CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY youth to its close. A University graduate at eighteen years, a member of the Newark- Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church at twenty-one, his thirty-five years of unbroken pastoral work a succession of honorable promotions to important charges and church official position, the final honor came at the age of fifty-seven years, when the General Conference of his church be- stowed its highest trust in electing him a bishop by six hundred and twelve out of six hundred and ninety-one votes, the larg- est vote ever cast for that high office in the history of the church. Numerous were the important posts he filled, yet no honor or promotion ever came to him that he did not earn by persistent toil and genuine merit. He never under- took anything without special preparation. For his public utterances he did not depend upon the inspiration of the minute. This habit of mind brought to him a furnishing and equipment which served him to good purpose in his later ministry and particu- larly when he came to the episcopacy, for he had a fund of well thought out material with which to stimulate and inspire a seem- ingly extemporaneous address. He was no less careful in deeds than in speech. If he had a problem in administration to meet he gave it the most painstaking consideration, viewing it from every possible angle. This would sometimes lead him to hesitation, but when he had fully examined the case and had gathered all possible light from all sources he was ready to act, and then he was immovable. Hence he was strong in the administration of the affairs of pastorate and episcopacy. His sense of justice was very keen and was applied to all his affairs. Unwilling to be imposed upon he was even stronger in his purpose not to impose upon others ; and while keenly feeling an injustice in- flicted upon him he was ever ready to throw the mantle of charity over those responsible for the act. To say a kind word, to do a 237 kind deed, was his great pleasure. That fine vein of sympathy and kindness that was so marked in his family relations as son, as husband, as father, as brother, was felt in all other associations in which he moved. Its manifestation in his pastoral work great- ly endeared him to all to whom he minis- tered and was a decided factor in his marvel- ous success as a shepherd of souls. Bishop Spellmeyer was a very poi)ular preacher, multitudes gathering to listen to his exposition of the Word. He used no sensational methods, but with refinement and dignity conducted all of his services as became the Gospel of Christ and one who had a serious message to deliver to men. He knew the needs of the human heart, and his one purpose was to meet that necessity in so far as he could as an ambassador of the Master. His sermons were deeply spir- itual, his expression very clear, his voice superior and well trained, his appearance attractive. He seemed to be able always to say the right thing in the right way and to make his meaning easily understood. Said a contemporary : "He is a model of chaste- ness, clearness, and expression, while the matter is pure beaten oil. He is an elocu- tionist of high cultured type and this he brings into the pulpit with both grace and unction. His sermons would do to go into print without either erasure or addition or change of a jot or tittle." Said another : "We witnessed his goings forth among a people who saw in his busy footsteps the tracery of feet of mercy : we were cognizant of the steady grasp of his pulpit ministrations on vast congregations of edified hearers ; we saw him in the Conference as a steady force interpenetrating all church interests. We knew him when repeatedly smitten by grief, in a short time resignedly bowing to the will of God, nothing daunted ; we enjoyed his personal friendship when among strange brethren, and we are prepared to say that we have never known a minister of Chri.st who more perfectly measured up to our ideal CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY as a preacher, pastor, and all round pyra- midal man "who stood four square to every wind that blows.' " While the pulpit was his throne, he met all the exacting requirements of the loving, faithful ])astor, systematically, carefully, and persistently. He made the rounds of pastoral calls, going from house to house in search of his people, and when the round was completed repeated his visits again and again, giving the most pronounced sympathy and brotherly help to those afflicted in body, mind, or estate. He was a welcome visitor in the homes of the sick and the poor and in the homes of the rich and prosperous, for he neglected none, the conviction of the su- preme importance of his work being ever with him. He felt that men were lost with- out the Gospel and that it was his particular mission to lead them to Christ. His minis- try was evangelistic : he had revivals in all his charges ; his meetings were scenes of great spiritual power and many hundreds were converted and led into the church. He was an indefatigable worker and noth- ing social or secular was permitted to in- terfere with the complete fulfillment of his ministerial duty. Into the episcopacy Bishop SpoUmeyer brought the full application of all the ener- gy and industry which had characterized him as a pastor. One sentence from an ad- dress in response to a great welcome given him on taking up his official residence in Cincinnati truly reveals the man : "I give to you my heart and hand in friendliest greet- ing and my promise to you is to do all I can for everybody I can in in any way 1 can." This promise he kept. When later the General Conference fixed his official residence at St. Louis, he became an unusual influence among the religious forces of that city and universally esteemed and loved by all who met him. He was particularly strong and happy in his administration of an annual conference. As a presiding officer he com- manded the highest respect, was proficient as a ])arliamentarian and graceful in his deport- ment in the chair. His brotherly spirit awak- ened immediate confidence in the hearts of his brethren : they saw that he comprehend- ed the delicacies of the situation and would be absolutely fair in the exercise of his power and responsibility. A Methodist ann- ual conference is unlike any other body on earth, either political or religious. It is a very democratic body, and every man in it is a potential district superintendent, or even bishop. There is no law of caste or of preference ; free speech exists to the full- est degree ; the only inflexible law of the conference is loyalty to the church and tc the bishop presiding. Hence the bishof holds a peculiar position, and one that re- quires the highest type of consecrated man- hood. Bishop Spellmeyer, so refined, sc gentle, but so strong, met every requirement He studied each particular case with greal care, keeping in view the interests of th( church and of the pastor, both very deai to him. He encouraged each one to come tc him with perfect frankness and to tell hiir the needs and conditions of his case. H< did not ask for the maintenance of secrec) in reference to appointments, preferring tc have the problem openly and clearly workec out. But his open heartedness, gentleness and fairness were not signs of any lack ol firmness, and at the close of a Conferenc< session, when the appointments had beet read, he was perfectly willing to meet anc to talk with any disappointed man. Bishoj Berry characterized him as "manly, brother ly, level headed, discriminating, and sympa thetic ;" another contemporary as "humble syinpathetic. approachable, graceful, anc tactful in administration, a fervent preach cr of the Gospel, a man upon whom th( Church can look with justifiable pride a any time and under any circumstance." The pecuniary necessities and embarrass ments of men in the conferences where h( presided appealed to him strongly, and foi the relief of such cases he maintained ; fund. When he received compensation foi special services, such as dedications or othei 238 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY occasions, deducting the mere amount of personal expense he would place this re- mainder with this fund and sacredly devote it to the relief of his brethren who might be in need. Bishop Spellmeyer was of American birth, his parents German and Scotch. His father, Matthias Henry Spellmeyer, was born and spent his youth in Germany. His mother, Mary Jamison, was born on one of the Shetland Islands, off the coast of Scotland. They met in the United States and were married January i6, 1847. Henry, the eldest of their three children, was born in New York City, November 25, 1847, <^'^d in Atlantic City, New Jersey, March 12, lyio. It was his mother's dearest wish that he become a minister, and it was her daily practice, after he came to an age of under- standing, to retire with him to her room to pray that he might grow up to be a good minister of Jesus Christ. Whatever might have been his own convictions, it required persuasion from those interested in him to convince him that he would be able to meet such a responsibility. .\t the age of fifteen years he entered the University of New York, pursuing the regular classical course and carrying ofif the honors at his gradua- tion, three years later. He tutored for a time in a private family, then decided upon the ministry, completed a course at Union Theological Seminary, and at the age of twenty-one years was received on probation by the Newark Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in March. 1869. His first appointment was at Kingsley Church, Staten Island, within two miles of his fath- er's home. There he served three years, building up the church in all departments and endearing himself to the people of the charge. He was next stationed at Bloom- field. New Jersey, where a remarkable re- vival attended his ministry. He remained at Bloomfield for three years, although one of the most j)rominent churches of the Con- ference appealed for his services. When his term ex])ired, as fixed by church law. three of the most important churches of the Conference insisted upon his being assigned to them. The presiding bishop appointed him to the Central Church of Newark, and that church further secured him as pastor until his combined service numbered eleven years, two terms under the three year limit and one term under the five year limit. The other churches which he served during an unbroken pastorate of thirty-five years in the Newark Conference were Saint James, at Elizabeth, Trinity at Jersey City, Calvary at East Orange and Roseville, and Centen- ary at Newark. While with the latter church, he was a delegate to the Ecumeni- cal Conference held in London, England. In each case, while the time limit was in force, he remained in pastoral charge as long as church law allowed, and it is a remark- able fact that his whole itinerant ministry was spent in an area that could be covered by the naked eye from an eminence in the vicinity of any of his charges. There was scarcely a year in all the thirty-five years when urgent efforts were not made to se- cure his transfer to large and responsible fields of labor outside of the Newark Con- ference, but he was in love with his work where he best knew it and no tempting calls could induce him to leave it. In each case he was so absorbed with the pastorate he was serving that men sometimes failed to appreciate the breadth of his sympathy, but his real vision did take in the broad area of the Kingdom of Christ and he had the greatest interest in other men's successes as well as his own. While yet a minister he bore various re- s])onsibilities bestowed by his brethren. He was a trustee of the Centenary Collegiate Institute, Syracuse University, and Drew Theological Seminary. He was a delegate from the Newark Conference to the Gener- al Conferences of 1896. 1900, and 1904; and in 1896 the General Conference, in forming its commhtees, placed him on the Hook Concern, and also made him a mem- ber of the book comrnittee. When the lat- 239 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ter created a committee on the entertainment of the General Conference of 1900, they selected Dr. Spellmeyer as chairman. In that capacity he quickly demonstrated his ability in business matters and administra- tion. His ready grasp of all details and his superior ability, so manifest whenever he appeared before the body to give notices or to present plans commanded close attention and admiration from all delegates. The Editor of the "Church Advocate," the of- ficial organ, wrote that "successive Confer- ences may try in vain to find a chairman of the Entertainment Cominittee that will sur- pass him." The General Conference of 1900 decided ujjon two new bishops. Dr. Spellmeyer, although receiving considerable more than a majority of all votes cast did not reach the legal two thirds required to elect. He was continued a member of the book committee and was again chairman of the entertainment committee of the General Conference of 1904. At that conference he was elected bishop by a vote that was the largest ever cast for a candidate for that of- fice. The conference fixed his official resi- dence at Cincinnati, Ohio, and in 1906 as- signed him to visit the Methodi.st confer- ences and mission in the orient. He made this journey accompanied by his wife, traveling about sixteen thousand miles, being at limes in great peril. While on the Yangzte river he wrote: "Twice our house-boat has been wrecked, twice the bamboo rope has broken and we were at the mercy of a fierce tide and great rocks waiting for a chance to strike. Once the rope slipped from the track- er's hands with the same perils increased somewhat by our nearness to most danger- ous whirlpools and projecting sharp-edged ledges of stone. But notwithstanding our anxieties and record breaking trip for ad- venture, the journey has been a great de- light to me and I have had no sense of ser- ious alarm, believing that somehow we would get ashore before the boat could sink and knowing that 1 was on the path of duty, where the one who has faith can feci that on 240 that road God is his companion and pro- tection." Of China he wrote: "China is discontented with herself. At least she wants better things, better implements for her farmers, better scholarship for her stu- dents, and a better faith for her 400,000,- 000. China is building school houses and railroads and electric plants. She is readj to welcome the hand that will lift her tc a higher plane in the history of nations. This is the red letter day of opportunity for the Christian Church. If Christ were on earth tcxiay saying again 'Go' to his apo.stles, I do not know where he would tell them tc 'begin' but I think in this age it would be China, rather than Jerusalem." The trip home was retarded by the serious illness of Mrs. Spellmeyer at Bombay, India. On his return, his official residence was fixed at St. Louis, Missouri. His last official assign- ment was to preside over the annual meet- ing of the New Jersey Conference at At- lantic City in March, 1910. There he had presided three full days, winning all hearts by his fraternal spirit and felicitous bear- ing. He was particularly enjoyable on Fri- day, when candidates for the ministry were being received, and none could have thought that they were looking upon his face for the last time. On the morrow they were startled with the sad news, "Bishop Spellmeyer is dead," taken from the midst of his own New Jersey friends, of which most fitting end Dr. Fred Clare Baldwin writes in the following lines : "Here had he caught the Master's call ; Here had he served unceasingly : Here was he known and loved by all. Here by the Eastern Sea. Here were the friends of the days of yore; Here were the comrades he loved to greet: Here were the homes with the open door, l^ere was the welcome sweet. Here was the soil that he loved to tread; Here was the land of the smiling sky : Here was the place where his heart had bled, Here he came home to die." Without solicitation from any one, Syra- cuse LIniversity conferred upon him, on the CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY recommendation of Chancellor Sim^, the degree of Doctor of Divinity when he was thirty-four years of age. In 1905 his alma iiiatcr, New York University, conferred the degree of Doctor of Laws. While serving in his first pastorate on Staten Island he married, November 8, 1871, at Haverstraw, New York, Matilda, daughter of Rev. Thomas Smith, of the Newark Conference. There were four chil- dren ; the eldest, a daughter, married Mr. James Boote, of East Orange, New Jersey : the other three died in infancy. SUTTON. Frederick, Financier, Man of Enterprise. Heroic death was a fate shared by many of the hundreds of the victims of that great marine tragedy, the loss of the steamship "Titanic" in the spring of 1912, but it was not admiration for a man who had met his death with fearlessness and fortitude that caused the former friends and colleagues of Frederick Sutton to bear testimony of him as a man of "commanding ability, sterling integrity, and strong personality, whose as- pirations were lofty and whose hopes were ideals." Rather were those words written in appreciation of one with whom they had enjoyed pleasant business relations, upon whose honor they had come to rely, and whose friendship they counted a precious possession. Frederick Sutton was long a resident of Haddonfield, New Jersey, al- though his business interests were in Phila- delphia, where he was engaged in cofifee importation, and in public service companies of New Jersey, notably Wildwood, one of the popular watering places of the Atlantic coast. Frederick Sutton was born in Suffolk county. England, in 1850. son of George and Elizabeth Sutton, and in that country acquired his education, coming to the United States at the age of twenty. He was but twenty-six years of age when he founded the coffee importing firm of Sutton 241 11-16 & Vansanl. a concern whose operations, large and widespread, brought prosperity to the partners. Mr. Sutton's excellent judgment and business sagacity led him in- to wise investments of his resources, the de- velopment of seashore porperty being a field in which he was especially interested. At the time of the founding of Wildwood, now a resort with all claims to prominence as an ideal watering place, he was a heavy in- vestor, and was a director of the Marine National Bank of Wildwood, the Five Mile Beach Electric Company, the North Wild- wood Land Company, and the WildwocKl Manor Hotel Company, also being a direc- tor of the West Jersey Electric Company, with lines running to the above resort. Mr. Sutton was at the time of his death presi- dent of the Collingswood ( New Jersey) National Bank. With so many of his business interests centering in Philadelphia, he naturally there formed associations of a social nature, and was a member, among numerous other or- ganizations of the Union League, also for many years serving as president of the So- ciety of St. George. A brilliant mind and pk-:!sing personality made him a favorite among his fellows, and he was a welcome addition to any gathering. Mr. Sutton's residence in Haddonfield, New Jersey, began soon after his establish- ment of the firm of Sutton & Vansant, and there he lived at the time of his death. Ill health had taken him abroad, where he made a short stay, and he was one of the pas- sengers on the liner "Titanic" when that vessel struck an iceberg on her maiden voyage. His death was mourned with that sincerity of grief that is the highest tribute to a man who has lived a life of useful- ness and rectitude, for into the sixty-two years of his life he had crowded much of earnest effort and high attainment. There follows the resolutions adopted by the board of directors of the Collingswood National Bank, of which he was president: At a special meeting of the board of directors CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of the Collingswood National Bank, held April 22, 1912, convened for the purpose of expressing its sorrow and deep regret at the untimely and tragic passing away of their late president and colleague, Mr. Frederick Sutton, in the disaster of the steamship Titanic, on the morning of April 15. 1912, the following resolution was adopted: Whereas :— The Divine Architect of the Uni- verse has seen fit to remove from our midst our devoted President, a man of commanding ability, sterling integrity, and strong personality, whose aspirations were lofty and whose hopes were ideals, who succeeded in many of the ob- jects for which he strove, who gave his time, his thoughts, and his means for this institution with- out any reward ; one who was admired and loved by his associates for his strength of character, genial nature, grace, and dignity. To him and his wise counsel is largely due not only the success- ful upbuilding of this institution, but also the growth, development, and success of other asso- ciations of which he was a part, and Whereas:— His death leaves his associates and the Board of Directors of this bank with a pro- found sense of loss and with the greatest admir- ation for his many fine qualities of character and although we deplore his unfortunate end, yet it is with pride and patriotism that we point to him as one of the many men who stepped back on the ill-fated steamship "Titanic" in response to that noble Anglo-Saxon sentiment "Women and Children First" and thus died that others might be saved. Therefore, be it resolved that the Board of Directors of this bank extend to his relatives and many friends their heartfelt .sympathy and sin- cere condolence, as we feel that we do not mourn alone, and further be it resolved that a copy of this resolution be sent to the family and that a copy be spread upon the minutes of this institution. Edward S. Sheldon, Vice-President, David S. Rush, Cashier. Frederick Sutton married, October 18, 1877, Ella, daughter of William Under- down, still living at the Haddonfield home. Children : Elizabeth Ashbumer, deceased ; Florence Ellen, now Mrs. Francis H. Tom- lin, of Haddonfield ; Jennie Banham. de- ceased. GODLEY, John Forman, Enterprising Business Man. The late John Forman Godley, of Tren- ton, New Jersey, was a fine example of a man born to command. Wise to plan, quick in action, capable of prolonged labor, all these qualities were combined with a power of close concentration. He had a habit of investigating thoroughly every detail of a proposed enterprise, and of calculating closely the probable consequences of any given policy. Every subject was given in- tense thought, and when satisfied with the conclusions at which he had arrived, he had the courage of his convictions in the face of determined opposition. His mistakes in judgment were few and far between. William Godley, great-grandfather ot John Forman Godley. married Mary Rock- hill, daughter of Edward Rockhill. a prom- inent man of Hunterdon county. New Jer- sey. \^'illiam Godley, son of William and Mary (Rockhill) Godley, bought a tract oi lantl of two hundred acres, in Hunterdor county. New Jersey, in 1791, and the fol- owing year built the large stone homestead on it. The Godleys were Methodists, and as there was no church in the neighbor- hood, the Presiding Elder held meetings ai regular intervals at this homestead. Hf married (first) Abigail Grandin. and whei she died he married (second) her sistei Eleanor (Grandin) Covenhoven. a widow daughters of Philip and Eleanor (Forman] (irandin. Philip Grandin was commission cd major of the Second Military Battalior by Governor Franklin, .April 10, 1771. Augustus Godley, son of William anc Eleanor (Grandin — Covenhoven) Godley was born on the Godley homestead in Hun terdon county. New Jersey. He was th< owner of a mill, and Godley Mills, Hunter don county, was named in his honor. H( was also possessor of other extensive land: in Hunterdon county. New Jer.sey. H< finally sold his mill and retired to the home stead which, after his death, was purchase( by his son, John Forman Godley. Angus tus Godley married, (first) Mary Dis brough. (second) Elizabeth Paul Forman a descendant of Rev. William Forman, o: England, whose son, Robert Forman, hac 242 ^^^£^^^^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY returned to England from Holland, having married Johanna , and from thence immigrating to America, locating in Flush- ing, Long Lsland, in 1645. Their son. Aaron Forman, married Dorothy . Their son, Samuel Forman, High Sheriff of Mon- mouth, 1695, married Mary Wilfore, of Rhode Island. Their fourth son, Ezekiel Forman, married Elizabeth Seabrook. sis- ter of Daniel Seabrook. Their son. Dr. Aaron Forman, married Ann Emley, daugh- ter of John and Sarah (Lawrence) Emley. Their son, John Emley Forman, married Sidney Paul Rakestraw. Their daughter, Elizabeth Paul Forman, became the second wife of Augustus Godley and mother of John Forman Godley. John Forman Godley, son of Augustus and Elizabeth Paul (Forman) Godley, was born on the Godley homestead, at Godley Mills, Hunterdon county. New Jersey, Au- gust 21, 1845, ^'^"^ •^is'^ ^t Trenton, New Jersey, April 22, 1913. His elementary ed- ucation was acquired in the town of his birth, and he then became a student at the Excelsior Normal Institute at Carversville, and later at the Attleboro Institution, Penn- sylvania. About the year 1875 '^^ removed to Trenton, and there established himself in the wholesale bedding and spring business, in association with Jacob C. Bloom, the firm name being Bloom & Godley. They com- menced business in a modest way in a small building on South Warren street, near Fall street. Three years later they had outgrown their quarters, and rented a structure on South Broad street, opposite Lafayette. The progressive methods put into practice here caused a steady and consistent increase in the demands made upon their business re- sources, and they soon outgrew these quar- ters also. In 1889 they erected a large and modern plant at Nos. 203-207 North Willow street, which is the present home of this important concern. It has been found necessary to improve and make additions to the original building from time to time as the growing needs demanded. This firm is the only one in the city which manufac- tures bedding and bed springs, and one of the very few in the State engaged in this in- dustry. About eight years prior to the death of Mr. Godley, the business was in- corporated, at which time Mr. Godley was chosen president of the corporation, Mr. Bloom was made treasurer, and William Cooley, of Trenton, secretary. The reliable methods which have char- acterized this business from the outset have resulted in gaining the confidence of all who have had dealings with it, and the majority of its patrons are of very long standing. Mr. Godley never held public office, holding the opinion that he was best serving the in- terests of the community by devoting his time and attention to increasing her mater- ial prosperity by means of his business. He has, however, always been a generous and hearty supporter of any project which tend- ed for the public welfare in any particular. Of a deeply religious nature, Mr. Godley was a member of the Third Presbyterian Church for a period of thirty-five years, during thirty of which he taught a class of young men in the Sunday school. He was a member of the church session for almost a quarter of a century, serving as sessional treasurer about eighteen years. In early years he became a member of the Young Men's Christian Association, and at the time of his death had been a director of this organization for many years. His fine and commodious residence was at No. 197 West State street. Mr. Godley married Sarah E. Hunt, youngest daughter of Edward and Effie Hunt, of Milford, New Jersey. He was buried in Milford Union Cemetery, in the beautiful family plot, marked by a hand- .some granite monument, of noble propor- tions. The view from here, looking up the river to the west among the hills to the set- ting sun, is most charming and not to be forgotten by those who have looked upon the beautiful scene. Mr. Godley was of a genial, warm-hearted disposition, and his 243 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY generosity and philanthropy were well known. A tale of distress was always a passport to his sympathetic heart, and he did not rest until the trouble had been allev- iated to the best of his ability. The entire career of Mr. Godley was marked by up- rightness and sincerity of purpose. MERSELIS, Edo I., Financier, Man of Affairs. The life history of Edo I. Merselis. late of Paterson, New Jersey, one of the best known and most highly esteemed citizens of the community in which he lived, has been replete with work well and conscientiously performed. He was not a man to shrink from any duty however irksome, and he had inherited in rich measure the steling traits which distinguished his ancestors, con- cerning whom it is fitting at this place to say a few words. There are several traditions regarding the racial origin of this family, and it may be said that not all chroniclers of its history are agreed in respect to the manner of spelling the surname now generally recog- nized and written as Merselis. Nor is this .surprising when we consider the fact that those sturdy old Holland Dtitch immigrants came to America without family names, and when finally such were adopted, they fre- quently were spelled phonetically rather than in accordance with established family custom. A. A. Vosterman Van Oyen, keep- er of the Heraldic College genealogical ar- chives of the Netherlands, in one of his pub- lications says: "although the ancestor of the family known to us and belonging to the Danish nobility was born at Hamburg it seems, however, that the family originat- ed from some other place, very likely Den- mark. Several patrician families of this name lived in Belgium, whose coat armour, however, not only differ each from the oth- er, but also do not show any comparison with the different branches raised to the Danish nobility." J. B. Rietstap, in his 244 "Coat Armor of the Netherland Nobility," mentions a coat of arms as follows : "ir silver an elephant in natural color upon i meadow whereon are three trees ; the oik in the middle is placed before the elephant This animal carries upon his back a tower from which a female rises in red or seer from aside. The crest is the elephant wit! the tower and female." He claims this tc be a coat patented to a Van Marselis, Sep- tember 17, 1643. The first Van Marselis of the Netherlands to whom the Americar branch can trace its ancestry in an unbroker line is : (I) Jan Van I\Iarselis, born in the earlj part of the year 1500, married N. N. Var der March. (II) Jan \'an Marselis, son of Jan anc N. N. (Van der March) Van Marselis, married Dina Van Duffel d'Elswith. (III) Gabriel Van Marselis, son of Jar and Dina (Van Duffel d' Elswith) Var Marselis. resident at Commissary of the King of Denmark at Hamburg, marriec .A.nna Ehrmit d'Ermitage, and died at Ham- burg, July 20, 1643. They had four sons Gabriel : Pieter, of further mention ; Leon- ard : Silvius : and one daughter. 'IV) Pieter Van Marselis, son of Ga- briel and .\nna Ehrmit (d'Armitage) Var Marselis, was bom in Hamburg in the earlj part of 1600. He represented Russia at the Court of Denmark and was elevated to the Danish nobility, September 17, 1643, ^"d granted the coat of armor described by Rietstap, as mentioned above. He was the progenitor of the American branch of the Van Marselis family. He left Amsterdam, Holland, in April, 1661, with his wife anii four children (.A.ged respectively twelve six, four and two years) and with their two servants, in the Dutch West India ship "Beaver" or "Bever," and arrived at New Amsterdam '^New York), May 9 of the same year. The ships register shows that he paid two hundred thirty-two florins pas- sage money for his family of eight persons, from which it is evident that our immigrant CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ancestor was possessed of goodly means as well as being a person of consequence. He soon removed to Bergen, New Jersey, set- tled there, and died in 1682. His wife died there in 1680. The place where he settled was then a Dutch hamlet and Indian trading post on the hill between the Hudson river and Newark Bay, in the Indian county of Scheyichbi, in the New Netherlands. There he acquired lands and became a planter. He was appointed schepen (alderman) of Ber- gen county, August 18, 1673, during the re- occupation of New Netherlands by the Dutch, and as a mark of honor was buried under the Dutch Church of Bergen, at his death, September 4, 1682. On Augaist 20, 1682, he conveyed property to his son-in- law, Roelof? Van Houten. In this connection it is well to mention that this Pieter Van Marselis is identical with him of whom Riker records as Pieter Mar- celisen, or Peter Marcelis, and who. ac- cording to the same authority, was born in Beest, near Leerdam, province of Utrecht, Holland : and he is the same Pieter Marcel- isen referred to by Neafie, himself a de- scendant of Pieter, and who says in his historical narrative that Pieter "might have been born in Leerdam, but when he came to .America he was from the village of Beest, near the town of Buren, in the province of Gelderland," and also that at least three of his children were born in Beest. Riker also notes that he is said to have been Van Beest, which means "from Beest." It may be stated here that this Pieter \'an Marsel- is dropped the prefi.x Van from his name. .According to Harvey, the historian of Bergen county, the children of Pieter Mar- celisen were James, Jannetje! Pieter, Mer- selis, Elizabeth and Hillegond. Mr. Labaw says "the name and se.x of the first one we do not know ;" that the second was called Marcelis (always called Marcelis Pieterse) ; the third Jannetje, who married Roelof Helmigse Van Houten ; and the fourth Neesje Pieterse, who married Gerrit Gerrit- sen, Jr. But Mr. Labaw takes account only 24s of the four children of Pieter who accom- panied their parents to .America. A more recent, and perhaps more accurate account of the children of Pieter Van Marcelis is as follows: I. Hessil Pieterse, married (first) Lysbot Kuper, (second), February 6, 1714, Magdelena Bruyn. 2. Marcelis Pieterse, of further mention. 3. Jannetje Pieterse, mar- ried, September 3, 1676, Helniigh Roelofer Van Houten, ancestor of all the American Van Houtens. 4. Neesje Pieterse, married. May II, 1681, Gerrit Gerritse Van Wag- eningen, and became ancestor of the Van Wagoner and Garritse families. (V) Marcelis Pieterse Van Marselis, second child of Pieter Van "Marselis or Mer- celisen, is accorded progenitorship of the Preakness families of the Merselis surname. He was born about 1656, and died, October 23, 1747. He married. May 12, 1681, Pieterjie Van Vorst, daughter of Ide and Hieletje (Hulda) Jans. Children (perhaps others of whom appears no record) : Eliz- abeth, married Adrain Post, Jr. ; Hillegont- je, married Harpert Garrabant ; Pieter, of further mention : Edo, married .Ariantje Sip, a cousin ; .Annetje ; Catreyna, married Reynier Van Geisen ; Leena, married Dirck Van Giesen : Jannetje, married Johann \'an Zolingen. (VI) Pieter (Peter) Van Marselis, son of Marcelis (or Merselis Pieterse) Van Marselis, was baptized July 17, 1687, and died April i, 1770. He married, December 3, 1717, Janneke Prior. Children: Mersel- is, married Elizabeth Vlicrboom ; — ■ , died in infancy: daughter, name unknown; Pieter, married in New York. Hannah Els- worth : Andries : John, married Belctje \'an Wagonen ; Edo, of further mention : two children, died in infancy ; Antje : Johannee ; Jcnneke. married Gerrit Sip ; Rachel : Mary ; Elizabeth. (VII) Edo \'an Merselis. seventh child of Pieter and Janneke (Prior) Van Mer- selis, was born January 27, 1729, and died October 12, 1799. He is said to have been the first Merselis to settle in what afterward CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY became Wayne township, where he had a large and valuable tract of land which, after his death, was divided into several small farms ; his old homestead is still owned by his descendants. He made a public dona- tion of land for a burial ground and meet- ing house site. He married, April ii, 1754, Ariante Sip, daughter of Ide and Antje (Van Wagonen) Sip. Children (May have been others of whom there is no record) : Antje, married Simeon Van Winkle; Jan- netje, married (first) Adrain Van Houten, (second) Enoch J. Vreeland ; Pieter, mar- ried Jannetje (Hettie) Van Winkle; Edo, married Helen Van Houten ; Cornelius, married Maria Post ; John, married Jan- netje Van Riper; Catlyntje, married Isaac Van Saun, of Lower Preakness ; Arreyant- je, married John Parke; Gerrit of further mention. (VIII) Gerrit Merselis, youngest son and child of Edo and .'\riantje (Sip) Van Marselis, was born in Preakness, New Jer- sey, October i, 1777, and died, April 2, 1843, on the old homestead farm where his life had been chiefly spent. He married. May 3. 1799, Ellen (or Lena) De Gray. Chil- dren (may have been others): Marea; Jane ; Edo ; John D., of further mention ; Ann ; Peter G., married Eleanor F. Sickles ; Ellen. (IX) John D. Merselis, son and fourth child of Gerrit and Ellen (De Gray) Mer- selis, was born February 11, 1809, and died February 21, 1877. He married (first), July 4, 1829, Catherine Garritse ; (second), October 3, 1839, Esther Jane Berdan, daughter of John I. and Elizabeth (Goet- schius) Berdan. Children by first marriage ; Mary, died unmarried ; Garrit, married Annie J. Zabriskie ; John Garritse. mar- ried Gertrude Van Blarcom ; Ellen Jane, married Nicholas J. Demarest; Catherine Elizabeth, married Peter A. Van Houten. Children by second marriage : Anna, mar- ried Aaron K. Garrabrant ; David Henry, married Martha Jane Titus ; Edo ; Edo I., of further mention. 246 (X) Edo I. Merselis, son of John D. and Esther Jane (Berdan) Merselis, was born in Clifton, New Jersey, September 17, 1847, and died in Paterson, New Jersey, Janu- ary 5, 1908. He was given a good educa- tion, a part of which was acquired in the grammar school in Paterson, and it was completed in a business college in New York City, from which institution he was gradu- ated. At the age of twenty-two years he secured a position with the Paterson Sav- ings Institution, of which he was one of the organizers, and was actively connected with the institution from its incqition. Being eminently fitted for the work in the bank by reason of the excellent business educa- tion he had received, and his experience as a clerk in one of the other banks of the city, the fidelity of the young man won for him recognition, and he was advanced from time to time until he was considered one of the most valuable men in the banking rooms. Scores of men and women have waited pa- tiently for Mr. Merselis to be disengaged in order that they might personally obtain his advice in business matters. He won the confidence of the public many years ago, because he was a man who never practiced deception, doing the very best he could to help his fellow men in a way that would bring them the highest benefit. His death was a severe loss to the institution and to the entire city of Paterson. Mr. Merselis was also officially connected with the First National Bank of Paterson. For many years after his marriage Mr. Merselis lived in the old Merselis homestead at the corner of Water and Albion streets. He was a regular attendant at the Second Reformed Church near his home, an active worker in every department of it, holding the highest offices in the gift of the congregation. His example before the youth of the church, in the bank and among his friends, was al- ways one that might be followed with profit to all. For several years previous to his death Mr. Merselis lived on the East Side, but he continued 1- l.e faithful to the "over CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY the river" church. He was interested in every movement that was for the betterment of the city and its people. He was careful in expressing opinions and was a man who never swerved from what he believed to be right. His quiet and courteous manner was noticeable and his influence in the right direction on every question was marked. He advised always, as it was not in his disposi- tion to scold even when there was occasion for it. Tlie bank treasurer was noted for his regular habits, arriving at his daily du- ties at the proper hour, and performing his tasks in a conscientious manner. Mr. Mer- selis served five years as a private in Com- pany .-\, First Battalion, First Brigade, National Guard of New Jersey, and was honorably discharged, August il, 1885. He was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the North Jersey Country Club, and the Hamilton Club of Paterson. The home life of Mr. Merselis was ideal. His family always knew when lo expect him home, and he never disappointed his friends. He loved the associations of his own fireside, and it can be said truly that his whole time was passed between his du- ties at the bank and the home circle. In social life he had many friends, and was a man who gave his acquaintances a warm welcome to his home ; but he found his chief happiness and source of contentment in those who were most nearly connected with him— his wife and children — to whom he was a devoted and loving husband and fath- er. The illness of Mr. Merselis was of short duration, and was of a very serious nature from its very commencement. He was at his duties the day after New Year's, although suffering from a severe cold, as were the other members of his family. He lost his strength rapidly, and on the Satur- day prior to his death, his family were in- formed by the physicians that his condition was a critical one, and the end probably not far oflf. Mr. Merselis married in Paterson, Sep- tember 21, 1869, Sarah V. ZelufT, born Sep- tember 19, 1852, a daughter of John P. and Sarah Jane (Boone) Zeluff ; granddaugh- ter of Peter and Margaret (Secor) Zeluff ; and granddaughter of James and Catherine (Van Houten) Boone. The only child of this marriage is : Cilia Ardella, born in Pat- erson, August 16, 1870. She married, March 19, 1896, Leslie Van Wagoner, and has had children : Edith Merselis, born February 28, 1897 : Isabelle Merselis, Jan- uary 2Q. 1899: Sarah Merselis, November 16, 1900. COXE, John Redman, Physician, Professional Instrnctor. John Redman Co.xe, M. D.. was born in Trenton, New Jersey, in 1773. He was ed- ucated in the schools of Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania, studied for his profession in Scot- land, and in 1794 was licensed to practice medicine. He subsequently spent two years in professional studies in Europe, and after his return in 1796 began practice in Phila- delphia. He served as physician to the hos- pitals there, and in 1809 was appointed to the chair of chemistry in the University of Pennsylvania. In 1818 he was transferred to the chair of materia medica and phar- macy, and held it until 1835, when his col- leagues made a statement to the trustees de- claring the department of materia medica and pharmacy to be of too little importance to occupy the entire time of a professor, also asserting that Professor Coxe was in- competent to discharge the duties of the position, and recommending his removal from the faculty. This demand was car- ried into effect, much to the indignation of Dr. Coxe's friends. Dr. Coxe's subsequent record abundantly refuted the charge of incompetency. Dr. Coxe was the author of numerous works: "Inflammation" (1794); "Impor- tance and Respectability of the Science of Medicine" (1800); "Vaccination" (1802); "Combustion" (i8n) : "Emporium of .Arts and Sciences" 2 volumes, (1812): "The 247 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY American Dispensatory (5th edition, 1822) ; "An Inquiry into the Claims of William Harvey to the Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood" (1834) ; "Recognition of Friends in Another World" (1845); and "The Writings of Hippocrates and Galen, epitomized from the original translations" (1846). He also translated Orfila's "Prac- tical Chemistry" (1818); and edited "The Philadelphia Medical Museum" from 1805 to 181 1. He died in Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania, March 22, 1864. DURAND, Cyrus and Asher B., Pioneer Engravers. Cyrus Durand was born in Jefferson, New Jersey, February 27, 1787, son of a watchmaker, and descended from Hugue- not ancestors. He learned the trade of his father, and added to it a knowledge of the construction of machinery, in which he found profitable employment during the en- forcement of the non-intercourse acts of the British Parliament. In 1814 he located in Newark, New Jersey, and engaged in business as a silversmith. He volunteered as a drummer in the United States army, and served three months during the war of 1812-14. Returning home, in 1815, he con- structed machines for carding and weaving hair, to be used in manufacturing carjiets. He then directed his attention to banknote engraving, and he made machines for lathe work and straight line engraving. This was apparently the beginning of geometrical lathe work, afterward universally used in banknote engraving. He also built machines for engine turning and transfer presses. He was chief of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. Washington, D. C, for many years, and died in Irvington, New Jersey, September 18, 1868. He married Mrs. Phoebe Woodruff, who lived to be one hundred years old. and they had six children. Of these, Jane Wade bc- 248 came the wife of the Rev. John L. Chap- man ; Elias Wade became a noted landscape painter: and Rev. Cyrus B. Durand was rector of St. James' Church, Newark, New Jersey. Asher Brown Durand, a younger broth- er of Cyrus Durand, was born in Jefferson, New Jersey, August 21st, 1796. He learn- ed the art of engraving in the shop of his father, and in 1812 was apprenticed to Peter Maverick, engraver, with whom he became a partner in 1817. His engraving of "Trum- bull's Declaration of Independence," his first large work, which cost him three years of labor, at once brought him into favorable notice. The National Portrait Gallery con- tains many of his heads ; and his "Musi- dora" and "Ariadne" are excellent speci- mens of art. After ten years' practice as a painter, he relinquished engraving in 1835, and devoted himself chiefly to landscape I)ainting. His pictures are pleasing in color and tone, and evince a high degree of poet- ic feeling and appreciation. The principal of his figure-pieces are, "An Old Man's Reminiscences," "The Wrath of Peter Stuyvesant," "God's Judgment on Gog," "The Dance on the Battery," and "The Cap- ture of Andre." Among the more notable of his landscapes are, "The Morning and Evening of Life," a pair, "Lake Scene — Sunset," "The Rainbow" : wood scene, "Primeval Forest," "In the Woods." "The Symbol," from Goldsmith's "Deserted Vil- lage." "Franconia Mountains." and "Rem- iniscences of Catskill Cloves." In 1854 he painted a portrait of the poet, William Cul- len Bryant. He was among the founders of the National Academy of Design, of which he was president, 1845-61. He died in South Orange, New Jersey, September 17, 1886. His son, John Durand, became a prominent art critic, and for several years conducted "The Crayon," a monthly publication spec- ially devoted to the fine arts. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY WOOD, George Bacon, Physician, Author. George Bacon Wood was born in Green- wich, Cumberland county. New Jersey, March 13th, 1797. He was educated at the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1815 with the degree of A. B, and in 1818 with that of M. D. He was Professor of Chemistry in the Phila- delphia College of Pharmacy from 1822 to 1831, Professor of Materia Medica from 1835 to 1850, and Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine from 1850 to i860 ; he was also a physician in the Penn- esylvania Hospital from 1835 to 1859. He was the author of numerous and val- uable works, chiefly relating to his profes- sion, and which rank among the classics of the medical sciences. His first important work, "The Dispensatory of the United States," written in conjunction with Frank- lin Bache. M. D.. (great-grandson of Ben- jamin Franklin), the original edition being published in Philadelphia in 1833 (8vo., 1073 pages), at once stamped him as one whose research and professional knowledge were of the highest order. It was thor- oughly exhaustive in its description of the many medicinal agents peculiar to American practice, indicating minutely their various properties and effects. During the lifetime of Dr. Wood it went through thirteen edi- tions, about 150,000 copies having been sold. Before 1830 there had not been any United States pharmacopoeia or standard list of medicines and their preparation whose au- thority was generally recognized. In the year mentioned, two such lists were offered to the public, one prepared in New York, the other chiefly the work of Dr. Wood. In a severe review. Dr. Wood completely dem- olished the first of these, and by writing the "I'nited .States Dispensatory" caused the authority of the other to be universally ac- knowledged. In 1847 he published a ^'Treatise on the Practice of Medicine" (two volumes), which ran through six edi- 249 tions, the last being in 1867. He also pub- lished in 1856 a "Treatise on Therapeutics and Pharmacology," which had three edi- tions, (two volumes, 8vo.. 1848 pages), and a volume containing twelve lectures, six ad- dresses and two biographical memoirs, in 1859. It consisted of lectures and address- es on medical subjects, delivered chiefly be- fore the medical classes of the University of Pennsylvania. He also wrote "The His- tory of the Pennsylvania Hospital ;" "His- tory of the University of Pennsylvania" ; "Biographical Memoir of Franklin Bache," etc. In the first and last of these pamphlets will be found an account of Wood and Bache's "Dispensatory and United States Pharmacopoeia," of which he, in connection with Dr. Bache and others, was editor of the editions of 183 1, 1840, 1850 and i860. In 1872 these memoirs, with the addition of the "History of Christianity in India," "The British Indian Empire," "Girard College," and other papers, were collected into a vol- ume entitled "Memoirs, Essays and Ad- dresses." In 1865 he endowed an auxiliary faculty in the University of Pennsylvania, consisting of five chairs : one of zoology and comparative anatomy : one of botany ; one of geology and mineralogy : one of hy- giene : and one of medical jurisprudence, all of the subjects to be especially considered in their relation to medicine. Dr. Wood was president of the American Philosoph- ical Society in 1859; and for many years president of the College of Physicians in Philadelphia. He died in that city, March 20, 1879. RUST, George P., Lawyer, Public Official. Although not a native of Passaic or of the .State of New Jersey, George P. Rust was so intimately connected with the pro- fessional interest of that city, in which he resided from boyhood, that few knew it was his adopted city. Of Holland and Ger- man parentage, one of a large family of CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY children, his start in life was humble, but by his own talent and energy he rose to a leading position among men of mark. He was a hard worker, and from the time he graduated from high school, at the age of fifteen, his life was one of intense appli- cation, but rewarded by abundant success as a lawyer, business man and citizen. George P. Rust, son of Andrew and Hen- rietta (Gerber) Rust, was bom in Brook- lyn, New York, March 9, 1861, and died in Passaic, New Jersey, April 21, 1913. He attended the Brooklyn public schools until he was twelve years of age, then accompan- ied his parents to Passaic, which was ever afterward his home. He there entered the high school, completing the course and grad- uating with the class of '76. ranking high in scholarship. He was determined to be- come a lawyer, and from graduation until he was twenty-one, he was office boy, clerk and law student in the offices of the late Henry K. Coddington. an eminent lawyer of Passaic. He was fully qualified for ad- mission to the bar, and in 1882. on attain- ing legal age, he was admitted an attorney at the first term of the court held after at- taining his majority. He at once began practice in Passaic, was admitted a coun- sellor at the June term, 1885. On February 25th, 1901, on the motion of the Honorable John W. Griggs, then At- torney-General of the United States, he was admitted to practice as an attorney and counsellor-at-law of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was hard working and ])ainstaking, preparing his cases with the greatest care, and as he grew in experi- ence he became the peer of the strongest men of the Passaic bar. He was associated as counsel with many important cases, and at the age of twenty-six was appointed city counsel for the City of Passaic, serving from 1887 until 1894. In this capacity he was associated with John W. Griggs, later Governor of New Jersey and Attorney-Gen- eral of the United States, in the important suit "The Newark Aqueduct Board 7'S. The City of Passaic," a celebrated case, to be found in New Jersey Law Reports, and which was a suit to prevent Passaic from sewering into the Passaic river, .\nother noted case in which he was counsel was, "In the matter of the application to con- firm an assessment for the construction of a sewer in the City of Passaic." He drafted the "King Law," under which a permanent board of assessors was created, a law that, although fiercely attacked and criticized, was declared by the courts to be constitu- tional. So well was that law drafted that it stood for nine years without amendment. After retiring from the office of city coun- sel. .Mr. Rust resumed private practice, and when his earthly career closed, the finest eulogies pronounced were those of his legal brethren. He was a man of strong char- acter, high principles, was generous, just and upright, numbered his friends among all classes and was held in the highest es- teem. Mr. Rust was also actively connect- ed with Passaic's business interests and en- terprises. He was one of the organizers of the People's Bank and Trust Company, the Hobart Trust Company, and of the Guarantee Mortgage and Title Insurance Company, serving the latter as its first vice- l)resi(lent and general counsel. He was for twenty years proprietor of the "Passaic Daily News." He was elected a member of the board of education in 1886, and was ever a friend of the public school system. He was appointed on the first shade tree commission in Passaic, and took a lively interest for many years in the development of the beautiful trees for which the city is noted. In politics he was a Republican. He was of genial nature, and enjoyed the soci- ety of his friends and fellow members of the State Bar Association, the Acquacka- nonk Club, the Passaic Gub. the Yountakah Country Club of Passaic, and the Republi- can Gub of New York Citv. 250 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW TERSEY FREEMAN, Alexander Hamilton, Progressive Citizen, Pnblic Official. The name Freeman carries back in New Jersey to the signing of the "Fundamen- tal Agreement," October 30, 1666, Stephen Freeman having been one of the Milford signers. He was of English parentage, and one of the original settlers of Milford, Con- necticut, in 1646. Newark (New Jersey) records show that "Widow Hannah Free- man (survey of land 1667) hath for her division of upland lying near the Mountain, containing forty acres."' Whether after the death of her husband about 1680. she mov- ed to the "Mountain" is not known, but her son Samuel inherited it from her, and his son Samuel (2) Freeman and his sons Deacon Samuel (3), Timothy, Abel and Thomas, it is said owned all the land lying between South Orange avenue on the south and the old cable road on the north. Deacon Samuel (3) Freeman was born at the "Mountain" homestead of his fath- er, in 1716, died in Orange, October 21, 1782. He was elected deacon of the First Presbyterian Giurch of Orange in 1748, and held that office continuously until his death, thirty-four years. The contract for building the church edifice for the First Presbyterian Church of Orange was made by .Samuel Freeman with Moses Baldwin. Joseph Freeman, youngest son of Deacon Samuel, and of the fifth American gener- ation, was a soldier of the Revolution, serv- ing with the Essex county militia. After the war ended, he moved to the Hudson \'alley of New York, in Saratoga county. It is said one of his sons was chosen the first mayor of Schenectady. Another of his sons, Uzal W. Freeman, was a survey- or, laid out some of the streets in upper New York City, and is said to have made the first city maps of Paterson, New Jer- sey. He married Sarah Ann Angevinc, of Huguenot descent, who settled in New Ro- chelle. New York. She was a daughter of 251 Gilbert Angevine, a soldier of the Revolu- tion, From this hardy, honorable stock came .'\lexander Hamilton Freeman, born in New York City, December 30, 18 10, died in Orange, New Jersey, December 16, 1883. At the age of seven years his father moved to Montville, Morris coimty. New Jersey, and four years later to Paterson, New Jer- sey. After attending school until sixteen years of age, he began learning the tin- smith's trade in Paterson, completing his years of apprenticeship, and becoming a high class workman. In 1836 he establish- ed a shop in Orange, on Main street, near Harrison, remained one year, and then re- turned to Paterson, In 1844 he again lo- cated in Orange, building a shop and res- idence on Main street, near Hillyer. As he prospered, he enlarged his business, pur- chased additional business property, erect- ed store buildings, and although twice a victim of costly fires, he rebuilt, prospered, and left behind him a name honored in bus- iness circles. His character was a strong uncompromising one, right was right, wrong was wrong, and there was no middle ground. He supported with all his energy every movement for the betterment of his city, and no man was held in higher esteem. Uprightness and energy were his dominant traits, and although for many years in offi- cial public life, no man ever questioned his integrity. For thirty years, Mr. Freeman held the office of justice of the peace : for ten years he was a member of the Orange board of education, and for four years he was a member of the city common council. His work for the public schools was con- tinuous and valuable. He was president of the board of education at the time of his death, and has left to posterity an clal3<3rate history of the public schools of Orange. In politics he was a Republican, but before the founding of that party was an Alx)I- itionist ; strongly championing the cause of the slave, and often offending those less ad- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY vanced in thought than himself. He was a delegate to the BufTalo Convention of 1842 that nominated an Abolition ticket headed by James G. Birney for president, but when the Republican party made slavery an issue, he promptly allied himself with that party. He was an equally earnest worker for the cause of temperance, was a leading member of the Temple of Honor, (then a prominent temperance society), held all offices in the State society, and for one year was head of the national order. In religious faith he was a Presbyterian, belonging to the First Qnirch of Orange, serving for several years as elder. He excelled in "good works" and left to his children a name be- yond reproach. 'Mr. Freeman married Lucinda, daughter of Judge Benjamin Crane, for twenty-five years judge of Morris county courts. She was a lineal descendant of Jasper Crane, the founder of the Crane family in Essex county, whose son, "Deacon" Azariah, mar- ried a daughter of Governor Treat. Mrs. Freeman died August 5, 1889. and was laid to rest with her husband in "beautiful" Rosedale Cemetery. Children: i. J. Addi- son, M. D., a surgeon of the Union army, serving with the Thirteenth Regiment New Jersey Volunteers, and the United States \'olunteer Corps appointed by President Lincoln, in charge of the United States Gen- eral Hospital, at Nashville, where he died of pneumonia, December 29, 1864. His body was brought to Orange, and buried in the family plot in Rosedale. He was aged thirty-one years, a graduate of Princeton, class of "52, and graduate of College of Physicians and Surgeons, M. D., class of '56, 2. Gincvra, now a resident of Orange, New Jersey. 3. Wilberforce, (q. v.). FREEMAN, Wilberforce, LaKryer, Leader in Commniuty Affairs. Wilberforce Freeman, younger son of Alexander Hamilton and Lucinda (Crane) Freeman, was born in Paterson, New Jer- sey, August 8, 1842, and died in Orange, June 19, 1907. He prepared in private schools, then entered Princeton College, and there was graduated at the head of the class of '64. Deciding upon the professon of law, he entered the Law School of Columbia University, and was graduated LL. B., class of '68. In 1871 he was admitted counsel- lor at law, and until his death was engaged in the practice of his profession in Orange, an honored member of the Essex county bar. He was junior member of the firm of Blake & Freeman, and conducted the larg- est practice enjoyed by any firm in the county outside of the city of Newark. He practiced in all State and Federal courts of the district, was a member of the county and State bar associations, and held in high esteem by his brethren of the profession. His public service was long and valuable. He was elected a member of the common council in 1868 ; succeeded his father as a member of the board of education in 1883, and served twelve years, most of that time chairman of the teachers committee; .served fourteen years as a member of the board of excise commissioners, was one of the three men composing the first board, and served until two months prior to his death, when he resigned, having been four times reappoint- ed. In 1869 with his partner, John L. Blake (afterward Congressman), he draft- ed the revised charter for Orange, they also drafting several ordinances necessary under the new charter. Among these was one de- vised by Mr. Freeman, under which it was possible for saloon keepers to be punished for ''receiving and entertaining" people on Sunday. He was one of the active men of the Republican party, a hard worker, sound in judgment, and honest in every purpose. Among the financial institutions he served as attorney, was the Half Dime Savings Bank of Orange, his service beginning with its organization in May, 1870. Twelve years later he was elected president of the bank, an oflfice he held until his death, twenty-five years later. At a special meeting of the di- 252 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY rectors, the following resolutions were adopted : "The board of managers of the Half Dime Savings Bank of Orange hears of the death of Wilber force Freeman. late president, with regret and believe that his loss to the bank is almost irreparable. He was connected with the bank officially from the date of its organization in 1870. when he was elected connsel. until 1882, then was annually elected president until the date of his death. His efforts were untiring in pro- moting the interests of the institution, managers and depositors being indebted to him more than to any other man for its present prosperity. His judgment as to value was excellent, and invest- ments made under his supervision were safe with- out question. Guided by the same principles of strictest integrity, as in his private business, he considered his position one of the greatest trusts, and so directed its affairs as to absolutely pro- tect the interests confided to his care. Conserva- tive to a fault, leaning at times to a seeming depreciation, he never wavered in his insistence that no suggestion of the slightest enhancement of values, should be used for appearance sake His clearly considered guidance will be missed in our consultations and this tribute is ordered entered on our records as an evidence of our appreciation of his valuable and sustaining per- sonality and his usefulness to the public as a citizen and associate." Resokitions of respect and appreciation were also passed by the Essex County Bar Association, and out of respect for his mem- ory the District Court adjourned the after- noon of his funeral. The Half Dime Bank closed its doors that afternoon, as did the store of Hindle & Williains, a business founded by Alexander Hamilton Freeman. Mr. Freeman was a member of the New England Society, from 1871, served as vice- president, counsellor, and chairman of the committee on amendments. He was an ac- tive member of the New Jersey Historical Society, the Princeton Alumni Association, and the Washington Association. He was actively interested in the welfare of the Re- publican party, and served as a presidential elector for McKinley and Roosevelt in i()oo. His clubs were the Essex County Country and the Lawyers. 253 ROMEYN. Rev. Theodore Bayard, Revered Clergyman. The Rev. Theodore Bayard Romeyn, D. D.. late of Hackensack, New Jersey, a noted divine of the Reformed Church in America, comes of a family which has been dis- tinguished in professional life for many gen- erations, and more especially in the ministry. A brief review of the earlier generations, appears appropriate here. Prior to the middle of the thirteenth cen- tury, (iiacomo de Ferentino. an Italian gentleman, settled at Rongham Manor, Ndh- folk. England, married Isabella de Rucliam, a lady of that place, by whom there were two sons: Peter and Richard or Thomas They were sent to Rome to be educated, and after their return, Peter at least, took the surname of Romaeyn, Peter the Roman. Al- though educated for the priesthood, he mar- ried the daughter of Thomas de Leicester, whose wife was Agatha de Cringleford, of Norfolk. Peter Romaeyn devised property, made out leases, granted "charters," many of which still exist over the name assumed by him. His widow sold the property at Rongham in that name. In the third year of Edward II., 1387 A. D., Thomas Ro- Mayn was lord rnayor of London. His arms (foreign) not granted in England, were described in the Register : "Argent on a fesse gules three crosses or. Crest : A deer's head erased." Soon after the above date, troubles broke out between the king and the House of Leicester, and many of this family and their adherents were obliged to flee the country. Some of thein went to the "low countries." The name is spelled Romaine in France, Romain in England, and Ro- meyn in Holland. Jan Romeyn, of Amster- datn, Holland, was a descendant of the Eng- lish Romeyns. He had three sons : Simon Janse, Christofifcl, and Class or Klass. In "Valentine's Manual of the Common Coun- cil of New York, 1863," we find the fac- simile signature of Simon Jansen Romeyn, CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY 1661 : in the Dutch church records of New York is the marriage, 1668, of "Simon Jan- sen Romeyn, young man from Amsterdam, and Sophie Jans, maiden from the Hague." Christoffel and Claus sailed from Rotter- dam for Brazil with the expedition of Prince Maurice. When Brazil was ceded to Portugal, they sailed for New Netherlands, and settled on Long Island, either in 1654 or 1661, then removed to Hackensack, New Jersey, remaining about ten years, then to Greenwich, on the Island of New York. Claus married Christian] e or Styiitie Albertse Terhune, May 2, 1680, of Ams- fort, now Gravesend, New York, ami died at Greenwich, New York. John Romeyn, son of Claus and Chris- tian je Albertse (Terhune) Romeyn, mar- ried at Hackensack, New Jersey, in 1699, Lammatje Bougeart, and had seven chil- dren. Nicholas Romeyn, son of John and Lam- matje (Bougeart) Romeyn, married (first) Elizabeth Cutwater, and (second) Rachel Vreelandt. One of his grandsons, by his second wife, was the Rev. Theodoric Dirk Romeyn, D. D., who is largely quoted, and was among the most prominent American theologians of the earlier days. Rev. Thomas Romeyn, son of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Outwater) Romeyn, was graduated from the College of New Jersey in 1750, and then studied theology. After preaching on Long Island a few times, he went to Holland for ordination, and then settled on Long Island, at Jamaica, until i860. He died at Fonda, New York, and was buried under the pulpit of his church. He married (first) Margarita Freelinghuy- sen, (second) Susanna Van Campen. Rev. James Van Campen Romeyn, son of Rev. Thomas and Susanna (Van Camp- en) Romeyn, after proper preparation, .•■tudied theology under the Rev. Theodor- ic Dirk Romeyn, mentioned above. He was a trustee of Rutgers College, and had several charges, the last of which was the Reform- ed churches of Schraalenburg and Hack- ensack. He married (first) Susanna, a daughter of Maus Van Vranken; (second) Mrs. Elizabeth Pell. Rev. James Romeyn, son of Rev. James Van Campen and Susanna (Van Vranken) Romeyn, was born at Blooming Grove, New York, in 1797, and died at New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1862. He was graduated from Columbia College in 1816, and from the Theological Seminary at New Brunswick in 1819, and declined the title of Doctor of Divinity which was offered by Columbia College. He had charges in sev- eral places, and was a trustee of Rutgers College in 1842. He married Joanna Bay- ard Rodgers, daughter of John Richardson Bayard Rodgers, M. D., a leading physi- cian and professor at Columbia College, New York. Rev. Theodore Bayard Romeyn, D. D., second son of the Rev. James and Joanna Bayard (Rodgers) Romeyn, was born at Nassau, New York, October 22, 1827, and died in Hackensack, New Jersey, August 18. 1885. His early education was acquir- ed in the schools of Catskill, Claverack ( New- York), Hackensack, and various other places, and he then became a student at Rut- gers College, from which he was graduated in the class of 1846, and had the distinction of delivering the honorary oration. He then matriculated at the Theological Sem- inary at New Brunswick, New Jersey, from which he was graduated in the class of 1849. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by Rutgers Col- lege. Immediately after his graduation he was called to preach at the Reformed c;hurch at Blawenburgh, Somerset county, near Princeton. New Jersey, and remained in charge there from 1849 to 1865, when he was called to the First Reformed Church at Hackensack, New Jersey, and ministered there until his death, a period of twenty years. His death occurred after an illness of only a few hours, and was deeply de- plored not only by his relatives, friends and the members of his congregation, but by a 254 ^aA^ r2fv<>cA.ctv CYCLOPEDIA OF NFAV JERSEY much wider circle, for it was only after he had passed away that the full extent of his broad minded charity became known. He had the broad religion of humanity, which believes that many roads lead to God, and that suffering should be relieved irrespec- tive of religious creeds. In a memorial volume published by the Consistory, we find the following interesting passage: "It is also worth a passing notice to observe the large ministerial circle of which he was a mem- ber by family ties. His maternal great- grandfather was Rev. John Rodgers, forty- four years pastor of the Wall Street Pres- byterian Church, New York City. His pa- ternal grandmother was a sister of Rev. Nicholas Van Vranken. In these several branches of relationship there are found nearly or quite forty names of those who have devoted themselves to the ministn,- of the Gospel, and of this number three-quar- ters belong to the Romeyn family." Dr. Romeyn married Amelia Augusta Letson, daughter of Johnson and Eliza (Shaddle) Letson. of New Brunswick, New Jersey, and they had children : Mary Letson, who died in infancy ; James A., at one time a member of the law firm of Romeyn & Grif- fin, in Jersey City, since 1894, editor of "The Evening Record," published in Hack- ensack. He married Flora M. Cochran, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, by whom he had two children; married (second) .Susie B. Conover, of Newark. In the pulpit. Dr. Romeyn presented a r;-.re combination of the intellectual and the emotional type of preaching. He delighted in the discussion of the great fundamental doctrines of our faith, and when these themes fully engaged him in public dis- course, he rose to veritable heights of elo- quence and power. His style was chaste, vigorous and incisive. Exquisitely sensi- tive to suffering, he entered into the sor- rows of other men with keen and sympa- thetic appreciation which, expressed in words, often healed the wounds of the stricken by their very gentleness and grace. Men of learning sought his companionship and found him a peer, yet he had a heart that reached out to the humblest and a ready sympathy quick in response. He was a man great and able, true and kind, and his life was as white as the sunlight. RHOADS, Charles, Man of Lofty Character. "The path of the just is as a shining light which shineth more and more unto the per- fect day." The life of Charles Rhoads, of Haddonfield, was remarkable in his ability to combine noble Christian character and devotion to duty, with eminent success as a man of business in a great metropolis. His religious nature began its development when a very young boy and seventy years later the last entry in his journal, written but a few weeks prior to his death, shows truly the consecrated spirit of the writer: "I have been quite sick, and at times seriously so, but am now able to be about the house and am regaining my normal vigor gradually. It has been a season of deep proving as to my foundation on tl'ie only Rock, which will stand in the day of account. There seemed at one time but a narrow step between me and death ; and fervent have been my petitions that the work of sanctification might be completed before the day of probation is ended, and that an entrance might be grant- ed me, an unworthy servant, through the atoning blood of Jesus and the washing of regeneration by his Holy Spirit, into the mansions of rest, when the spirit should va- cate the earthly tenement. Truly I can say with the Psalmist, 'How excellent is thy loving kindness, oh God ; therefore the chil- dren of men put their trust under the shad- ow of thy wings.' Some assurance was felt in these times of trial that He would receive me for his mercies' sake." A birthright Friend, he never yielded to unbelief or to any disloyalty to the faith of Friends. In his sixtieth year he wrote : "I believe that the Society of Friends as an or- 255 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSiiY ganization of Christian People has been a blessing to thousands who have been brought within its influence. I feel it to be the highest privilege of my life to have had my birth and education in a God fearing family and among pious people of our Soci- ety. The doctrines and principles maintain- ed by I'Viends since their rise and in which I was educated became early in life those of my conviction and deliberate judgment." He felt that he had received a call to the ministry, and engaged in it in 1866. His natural abilities, which were above the aver- age, were sanctified to the Master's use and that humility which marked his character was deepened as the sense of his Saviour's loving favor was heightened in his soul. His memoranda, however, refer repeatedly to the need he felt of spiritual food from Christ and the cleansing of His atoning blood. His character as a business man was marked by sterling integrity, coupled with intelligence and experience, excelling many of his profession, which caused him to be sought by friends and neighbors for advice, to whose application he ever gave a ready response. Referring to his success in bus- iness for several years previous he writes : "What shall I render unto the Lord for all His benefits? Grant, Oh Heavenly Father, that these blessings may not prove a snare to my soul and rob Thee of that devotion of heart, soul, and time, which is Thy due." Those who were in trouble found in him a truly sympathizing friend. In 1866 he wrote in his journal : "It has been a subject of great concern with me in carrying on my business lest I should lose that delicate sense of responsibility to the Most High for all my time and powers through the engrossing character of my avocations. My religious obligations are clearly paramount to all oth- ers, and my mind has often been greatly straitened to arrive at a just discrimination of my duty in all respects. Truly, Oh ! Father, naught but thy wisdom can direct : no less a power than Thine can keep me 256 from temptation and failure to duty through over anxiety about the care and support of my family." In 1872, after concluding to retire from active participation in business, he wrote, in regard to this step : "It is a relief of mind to think of being more free from the close attention which seems necessary to carry on a successful one in a large city ; and it is my earne.st desire and prayer that being so favored by the great Author of all our mercies, I may more assiduously devote the remainder of my time to His service." From that date until his last illness, thirty years later, Mr. Rhoads devoted himself to ministerial work, traveling and local, to Friends' schools and to the Friends' Book- store, and in combatting public forces for evil, that of intemperance claiming his earn- est efforts for the prohibition of the liquor traffic and he was a potent factor in sup- pressing the race track evil at Gloucester, New Jersey. Calmness and dignity, tempered by cheer- fulness and affability, marked his inter- course with others. Firm in his convictions and fearle.ss in their expression, yet with tenderness he found a place in the hearts of those with whom he came into contact. His reverential attitude in times of worship was most impressive. His ministry was clear, sound, and edifying. In vocal supplication his utterance was often in much brokenness and self distrust. Richly endowed with gifts, natural and Divine, he was a faithful steward of his Lord's goods. Using the talents bestowed, their gain was manifold. .Advancing years and impaired health form- ed no excuse for neglect of the Master's work. In 1877 he wrote: "Pay thy vows unto the Most High. .A sense of obligation is present with me. Oh, that it may be at- tended with his grace and strength to ful- fil it. We may be sensible of our duty but not devoted enough, not unselfish enough, to carry it out. To love him and adore in Spirit and in Truth we require to be trans- formed by the renewings of the mind, an CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY infusion of Christ's spirit. And shall we not have this? Yes. He has said his Fath- er will give the Holy Spirit to them who ask him for it.'" In Haddonfield, so long his home, he was greatly beloved and rever- ed for his beautiful life, gentle spirit, firm advocacy of the right, and his zeal for the cause of righteousness. From one not of his faith, who yet sat under his teachings as a girl, comes this tribute. "He was a good man," and in all the wide circle of his acquaintance no other verdict was ever rend- ered concerning the pure life and Christian character of Charles Rhoads. He was of English forbears of Ripley, Derbyshire, England, the ancestral home of John Rhoads, the founder of the family in America. He came to Pennsylvania with his children in 1682, his wife. Elizabeth, having died in England prior to that date. He settled in Darby (Philadelphia), where he lived until his death, August 27, 1701. For several years he was a member of the Governor's Council. His youngest child, Joseph, upon attaining his majority became the owner of a good farm of two hundred and fifty acres in Marple township, Dela- ware county, Pennsylvania, established a tannery thereon and there resided until his death in 1732, at the age of fifty-two years. He married, July 2, 1702, Abigail, daughter of Richard Bonsai, who survived him eighteen years. James Rhoads. of the third .American generation, son of Joseph and Abigail Rhoads, was born and grew to manhood on the Marple township homestead, of which he became the owner at the age of twenty- eight years. He improved the estate and extended its area, there residing until his death in 1798. He was of refined, gentle nature, loving and generous, doing unto others as he would be done by. As a bus- iness man he was very successful. He mar- ried, in 1745, Elizabeth, daughter of John and Hannah Owens. She died in 1795. The line of descent was through Joseph, son of James Rhoads, a great-grandson of 257 II-17 John Rhoads, the founder, who married Mary .\shbridge, and their son, Joseph, who married Hannah Evans, of Philadel- phia, and resided on the homestead farm in Marple, and there his children were born. Hannah Evans and a twin brother, James E. Evans, were born in Marple. Joseph and Hannah (Evans) Rhoads were devot- ed members of the Society of Friends and reared their children among the refining in- fluences of a truly Christian home. Charles Rhoads. son of Joseph and Han- nah (Evans) Rhoads, was born in Marple township, Chester county, Pennsylvania, first month 21, 1828, died in Haddonfield, New Jersey, first month 25, 1903. His early home training prepared him for at- tendance at Friends' School at Springfield, nearby, and several years later he complet- ed his studies at Westtown Friends' board- ing school. He was an apt scholar, antl re- ceived from his instructors words of com- mendation for his accuracy and progress. At the age of sixteen years he left school, and for a year or two engaged with his father in labor on the home farm. He then decided to become a conveyancer, and began study in the law office of Andrew D. Cash, quickly evincing a great aptitude for legal study. At about the age of twenty years he began business in Philadelphia, making his home with his maternal uncle, Qiarles Evans. He became well known in the bus- iness world, was a thorough master of the intricacies of real estate law and convey- ancing, and especially gifted in the writing of wills and legal papers. He was much sought for as an advisor on his specialtie.s, such lawyers as John G. Johnson and other eminent attorneys being numbered among those who availed themselves of his skill. He continued a ver}' successful business man until 1872. then withdrew and there- after devoted himself largely to ministerial and philanthropic work. He fully realized his call to the ministry, and according to Friends' usage was so rec- ognized in 1866. As his gift in the ministry CYCLOPEDIA OF NFW JERSEY became more and more apparent by renew- ed calls to service, the elders of the Month- ly Meeting in ninth month, 1872, decided to propose official recognition of his gift. In connection with this he wrote: "It is now nearly seveni years since I first felt an obli- gation laid upon me to speak in the way of public ministry. During the intervening spirit of probation my spirit at times has almost fainted by the way, and I have been ready to exclaim with the prophet, 'Oh Lord God. behold I am a child. I cannot speak, yet I feel bound to acknowledge the un- bounded goodness of Israel's Shepherd.' It is no small relief to my faltering spirit that those Friends who are constituted the judges of such affairs by our church dis- cipline are so satisfied with the genuineness of my commission to the high and holy call- ing of a minister of the Gospel of Oirist. And now my hope is in him alone who is able to guide and keep his servants. And my prayer is unto the God of my life, that I may be endued with the armor of faith and humility, and not seek great things for myself." In 1877 he became greatly concerned over the unsettled state of aflfairs of the Society in Kansas, and receiving the approv- al of his Monthly and Quarterly Meeting si)ent nine weeks in Kansas, visiting Friends and holding meetings at some of the agen- cies in Indian Territory. C)n this visit he was accompanied by John Sharpless. Tn 1886, accompanied by his brother, Joseph Rhoads, he made a general visit to Friends of North Carolina. Before and after this ])eriod he was frequently engaged in min- isterial labors within the limits of his Year- ly Meeting, served on committees, was a true friend of Westtown Friends' school, and a member of the committee visiting it. was a member of the book committee, the meet- ing for sufferings, and was for many years a member of the New Jersey State Tem- perance Alliance, attendmg its meetings and using the opportunity to explain the relig- ious views of Friends. Among public of- fices he held that of secretary and treasurer of the .Apprentices' Library of Philadelphia, was president of the Camden (New Jersey) Home for Friendless Children, was a direc- tor of the Haddonfield National Bank, and was often chosen by his fellow citizens of Haddonfield as counsellor and arbitrator of borough affairs, they relying upon his jaiowledge, spirit of justice, and benevo- lence to safeguard them, free from entangle- ment. Charles Rhoads married, in 1856, Anne H.. daughter of Samuel and Rebecca Mor- gan Nicholson, of Haddonfield, New Jer- sey, and through that influence Haddonfield became his home. Anne H. Rhoads died in 1864. the mother of four daughter.s — Mary, died in 1867 : Catherine, single ; Eleanor, married William T. Elkinton ; Anna, mar- ried George G. Williams ; and a son. Samuel N. Rhoads, now a resident of Haddonfield. Mr. Rhoads married (second) in third month, 1870, Beulah S. Morris, daughter of Samuel Buckley and Hannah (Perot) Morris, who survives him, a resident of Haddonfield. Their only child, a daughter, died aged nine months. Mrs. Rhoads was always her husband's co-worker in spirit- ual things, in philanthropy and charity. .\n active charity was ever maintained toward colored people, and personal visits were made to their homes, schools, and religious meetings. On his seventy-fifth birthday Mr. Rhoads was rapidly reduced by ill health, and on the following January 25, 1903, his life ended with the voice of praise to Him who had redeemed him to Himself. "There is no condemnation to those who are in Christ Te.sus." were his last words. JACKSON, William, Enterprising Citizen. In the analyzation of the character of a citizen of the type of the late William Jack- son, of Belleville, New Jersey, for many years a well known business man of New- 258 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ark, we find all that is required to make a biographical sketch interesting to those who have at heart the good name of the com- munity honored by his residence, because it is the honorable reputation of the man of standing and affairs, more than any other consideration, that gives character and sta- bility to the body politic and makes the true glory of a city or State revered at home and respected abroad. In the broad light which things of good repute ever invite, the name and character of Mr. Jackson stand reveal- ed and secured and, though with no ambi- tion to distinguish himself in public position his career has been signally honorable and useful and it may be studied with profit by the youth entering upon his life work. At this point it seems eminently appropriate to devote a few words to the ancestral history of Mr. Jackson. The Newark family of Jackson is of English Puritan stock which settled in the North of Ireland about 1641. The name appears among the Anglo-Norman and Eng- lish families of the time of Henry II, and is found in the South of Ireland as early as 1 100. Those coming from Ireland to Amer- ica are included under the title of Scotch- Irish, a name of American origin designat- ing the Protestant emigrants from Ireland, mostly Presbyterians, who were driven to this country by the stringent laws repress- ing manufactures in Ireland, enacted after the accession of William and Mary. In Ireland the family was first in Londonder- ry, in which county, near Giant's Cause- way, there is a place called Jackson Hall ; and a little later in Armagh. In the old cathedral there are still memorials of the family and their armorial bearings. The Jacksons of Forkhill, County Armagh, had for their motto : "Mala mori quam foc- dari," meaning "Better to die than to be a traitor." James Jackson, the first of the family in America, came from Forkhill, Coun- ty Armagh, early in the eighteenth cen- tury, accompanied probably by his wife and his brother, William Jackson. Family tradition says that he paid seventy guineas passage money. After a sojourn in New York or vicinity, during which the name of William Jackson apf)ears in the records of the First Presbyterian Qiurch, they remov- ed to Orange county, New York. The rec- ords of the town of Goshen show that in 172 1 they united with twenty-two others in a grant of property to the town for a church, school house, minister's house and ceme- tery. James Jackson appears to have sign- ed, at New Marlboro, LUster county. New York, the revolutionary pledge agreeing to abide by the acts of the Continental Con- gress, in 1777. There is still in the family a Bible printed at Edinburgh with the in- scription, "I, James Jackson, Senior, do give this Bible to my grandson Peter Jack- son as his real property, the 27th day of September, 1779." He had six children, and one of his grandsons was the Rev. .'\bel Jackson, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Bloomfield, New Jersey. James Jackson, eldest son of James Jack- son, the immigrant, was born in 1718, and died in 1795. He was one of the early set- tlers of New Windsor, Orange county. New York. Jackson avenue there being named in his honor. He owned vessels (sloops) en- gaged in Hudson river transportation, and was given the courtesy title of Commodore. Edgar's "History of Orange County" says, "The Jacksons are captains of their own sloops." He married three times. Peter Jackson, youngest son of James and Maria (Roome) Jackson, she being his sec- ond wife, was born at Pompton Plains, New Jersey, at the home of his grandfather, Peter Roome, December 13, 1777, and died in Newark, February 25, 1859. He lived with his parents at New Windsor, New York, until the death of his mother, when he was taken to Pompton Plains, and there educated by his aunts, Hester (Roome) Ac- ton and Deborah (Roome) Spear, who had no children of their own. For a time he was employed in the store of General Wil- 259 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY liam Colfax (who had been captain of Washington's Life Guard, and later opened a store for himself at a place in Pompton Plains, still known as Jackson's Corner. Shortly after his marriage he removed to Acquackanonck, now Passaic, where he built a store adjoining his own wharf, and following the same line of business as his father and half-brothers, he despatched his vessels to Albany, New York, Virginia, Georgia, and the West Indies, supplying the country around as far as Newburgh and Philadelphia, with lumber, southern pro- ducts and general merchandise. He was appointed postmaster of Acquackanonck by President Madison in 1812, holding the of- fice until 1838. In 1839 he removed with his wife and youngest daughter and son to Newark, where some of his children were already settled, and there continued his bus- iness until his sudden death on the train between Newark and Jersey City. Peter Jackson married. May 16, 1802, Hester Van der Linde Brinckerhoff, who celebrated the one hundredth anniversary of her birth in Newark, January 30, 1882, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Hubbell ; she retained her faculties until her death, March 20, 1883. She was a daughter of Adrain W. and Adriana (Van der Linde) BrinckerhofT ; a granddaughter of Dominie Benjamin Van der Linde. who was the first mimster of the Dutch Reformed Church to be ordained in America ; and also a grand- daughter of Colonel John and Elizabeth (Schuyler) BrinckerhofT, the former, who was of Fishkill, was a friend of Washing- ton and his home, built in 1738, was one of "Washington's Headquarters," the latter a great-granddaughter of Philip Pieterse Schuyler, the first Dutch governor of Al- bany. Children : James, for years engaged in business with his father, married Mary Stagg: John P., lawyer, editor, business man and statesman, married Elizabeth Hunting- ton Wolcott, of distinguished ancestry; Maria, died in infancy ; Maria, married Henry E. Van Winkle, a prominent lawyer 260 of New York City ; Eliza Van der Linde, married Amzi Armstrong, a well known lawyer of Newark ; Julia Ann, married Al- gernon S. Hubbell, a prominent Newark lawyer ; Jane, married Rev. Samuel W. Fisher, D. D., a Presbyterian minister, who became president of Hamilton College, and was afterwards connected with the Presby- terian Seminary in Cincinnati, Ohio; Wil- iam, whose name heads this sketch. William Jackson, son of Peter and Hes- ter Van der Linde (Brinckerhoflf) Jackson, was born at Acquackanonck, now Passaic, in the large brick house recently occupied as a hotel on the River road, near the bridge leading to Hoboken via Carlstadt, Decem- ber 15, 1817, and died in Belleville, New Jersey, May 24, 1902. During his boyhood the Jackson property extended over the hill near the present City Hall, and on this prop- erty there was erected a private schoolhouse, in which a master, obtained by his father, tauglit his brothers and sisters and the chil- dren of such of the neighbors as he wished to have attend. His later schooling was re- ceived at Hackensack, at a prominent school for boys. His early business training was obtained as private secretary to his brother, John P. Jackson, while the latter was pres- ident of the Camden & .Xmboy Railroad Company, this being the earliest railroad in New Jersey. Later he engaged in the whole- sale lumber business, and retired from ac- tive business life in i860. For a time he was connected with the New Jersey Rail- road and Transportation Company and he was a director of the Firemen's Insurance Company. He spent many years in Euro- pean travel, and for the purpose of educat- ing his children. He removed from Newark to Belleville in i860, when he retired from business, and had his home there until his death. William Jackson married (first) Octo- ber 24, 1849, Helen Wilbur, who died Jan- uary 2, 1857, a daughter of Rodney and Charlotte (Denman) Wilbur; he married (second) October 17, i860, Elizabeth H CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Brinckerhoff McNulty. of Norwich, Con- necticut, who died August 23, 1901, daugh- ter of Marvin and Mary Jeannette (BrinckerhofT) McNulty. Children by the first marriage: i. Mary Louise, died in in- fancy. 2. Helen Wilbur, who married Wil- liam GiiTord, and died in Portland, Oregon^ May 4, 1881. 3. William Brinckerhoff, who resides near Washington, D. C, married (first) Emilie S., and had: Helen Wilbur, who married Edward B. Harran. of Ches- hire, England, and William B., Jr., living with his father. He married (second) Alice Richardson, and has : John Brinckerhoff. Children by the second marriage: 4. Ed- ward Woolsey, l>orn October 13, 1861 : lie was educated at Geneva and Heidelberg, and upon his return to America, lived in Belleville, New Jersey. He was elected to the New Jersey Assembly in 1890 and 1891 ; was one of the original members of the Essex County Park Commission in 1893 : was elected surrogate of Essex County in 1894, serving till 1899: an original member of the Essex Troop : member of the Essex Qub, of the New Jersey Historical Society, and other well known organizations. He married, October 15, 1902, Frances Lock- wood Casebolt, daughter of George T. and Mary F. (Lockwood) Casebolt. Their only child, Edward Woolsey, Jr., was born Feb- ruary 7, 1910, and lives in Newark. 5. Percy, born May 21, 1863; was edu- cated in Geneva and Heidelberg; was graduated from Yale University in the class of 1885, and from Columbia Law School in the class of 1887. He resided with his parents in Belleville till their death, prac- ticing law in New York and New Jersey and taking an active part in local New Jer- sey politics, he was twice Democratic candi- date for the Assembly, and at one time Democratic Congressional candidate for his district. He was an early member of the Essex Troop, and is a member of the Uni- versity Club, and many other associations. He has been a resident of New York City since 1906. He married. November 4, 1910, 261 Alice Hooker Day, a daughter of John Cal- vin Day and Alice Beecher Hooker, of Hartford, Connecticut. Although always taking an active interest in public matters, William Jackson never as- pired to office, and never held public office other than such as related to city or town. In his municipal activities he was a hard worker, and was always in the forefront of movements tending to the betterment of his neighborhood. He was one of the earliest of those actively interested in the Newark Public Library, and at various times was director in companies in Newark. At the time of his death he was a member of the finance committee of the board of directors of the Firemen's Insurance Company. DOREMUS, Ellas Osborn, Financier, Public Official. In the closing years of the seventeenth century there came from Holland to what is now Passaic, New Jersey, Cornelius Do- remus, who became a large land owner, and founded the prominent New Jersey family of which Elias Osborn Doremus, a late res- ident of East Orange, was representative in the seventh American generation. An In- dian deed of the Duck Purchase, dated May 16, 1703, describing a large tract of land lying along the Pas.saic river, has the name of Cornelius Doremus attached as a witness, the conveyance being made by twelve In- dians, probably of the Hackensack tribe of Lenni-Lenapes. The name of the wife of Cornelius Doremus is not known, but his children were: Johannes, Holland, Thomas, Cornelius, Hendrick, Joris. Thomas Doremus, third son of Cornelius Doremus. was born at Acquackanonck (Passaic), New Jersey, and later became a resident of Wesel. same State, where he married .Annekes Abrahmse Ackerman, a native of Hackensack, New Jersey, and they were the parents of six children : Cornel- ius, Goline, Abraham, Peter. Johannes, .Xn- neke. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Cornelius (2) Doremus, son of Tliomas Doremus, was a resident of Doremustown, New Jersey, a man of influence in the com- munity. He married Antje Young, who bore him ten children, among whom were : Hendricus, Thomas, Peter, Maritji, Johan- nes, Jannetji, Susannah, AHtta. Peter Doremus, son of Cornelius (2) Doremus, was born at Slotterdam, New Jer- sey, in 1744, and later resided near Beaver- town, same State, ranking among the repre- sentative citizens of that section. He mar- ried Polly Dey, and their children were: Jacob, Richard, Cornelius, Peter, and two daughters, one of whom became the wife of Henry Perry, and the other the wife of J. Speer. Cornelius (3) Doremus, son of Peter Doremus, was born in the vicinity of Beav- ertown, New Jersey, in 1787. He lived a life of usefulness, and was an honored and esteemed citizen. He married Jane DeHart, who bore him five children: Peter Cornel- ius : John Cornelius ; Sarah, became the wife of John R. Van Duyne, of Montville, New Jersey, and their only surviving child was Harrison Van Duyne, one of the leading citizens of Newark, New Jersey ; Mary, be- came the wife of Cornelius Cook, both now deceased ; Lydia, became the wife of Peter Van Houten, and after his death became the wife of Elias Littell, of Montclair, New Jersey, both now deceased. Peter Cornelius Doremus, .son of Cornel- ius (3) Doremus, was born April g, 1807, died June 30, 1869. He was reared and ed- ucated in his native town, and in the year 1829 removed to Orange, New Jersey, and there spent the remainder of his days, re- spected by all with whom he was brought in contact, whether in business or social life. He married Julia A. Osbom, daughter of John H. Osborn. born in Bloomfield, New Jersey, in 1770, and his wife, Rhoda (Baldwin) Osborn, who was a daugh- ter of Zophar Baldwin, who served with the Essex County Militia in the Rev- olutionary War. Zophar Baldwin was the son of David Baldwin, son of Benjamin Baldwin, son of Joseph Baldwin, son of John Baldwin, a signer of the Funda- mental Agreement. Giildren of Mr. and Mrs. Doremus: Mary Cook, who became the wife of Charles Clark ; Julia A., who became the wife of David J. Refers ; Elias Osborn, of whom further. Elias Osborn Doremus, son of Peter Cor- nelius Doremus, was bom in Orange, New Jersey. January 17, 1831, died at his res- idence in East Orange, May 13, 1907. He was educated in the public schools of Orange, and after completing his studies began an apprenticeship with his father, who was one of the leading builders of his day. He succeeded to his father's business, having as his partner his brother-in-law, Al- fred Jones, and they continued building op- erations until 1874, under the name of Jones & Doremus, theirs being the largest building fimi in all the Oranges. From 1874 until his death, Mr. Doremus was intimately con- nected with insurance and banking corpora- tions, and he was also largely interested in the development of that part of Orange now East Orange, and with the Baldwins platted an important addition of forty acres. In 1876 he was elected a director of the .Amer- ican Insurance Company of Newark, in 1881 he became its vice-president, and in 1899 was elected president to succeed Fred- erick H. Harris, which office he held until his death, but in 1905 ill health compelled him to relinquish the greater portion of the active burden of executive manager. He was a director of the Orange National Bank for several years, but withdrew from that directorate several years prior to his death. He was for many years a member of the board of managers of the Orange Savings Bank, never relinquishing his managerial in- terest in that institution. He was also at different times a director of the Newark City National Bank, the National Newark Banking Company, and the I'nited States Industrial Insurance Company. He was a member of the Newark Board of Trade, 262 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and a member of the original board of man- agers of Rosedale Cemetery, serving for many years as president of this board. Able and efficient as a business man, Mr. Doremus gave to the pubhc as legislator and freeholder considerable of his valuable time, city, county and State benefitting thereby. He was elected freeholder in 1868, and through successive re-elections held that of- fice for seventeen years, seven of them as president of the board. In 1872 he was the choice of the Republican party as represen- tative to the State legislature and in 1873 was re-elected, his district being the old sec- ond. In the legislature he tendered impor- tant service as chairman of the committee on ways and means, chairman of the com- mittee on education, and through member- ship of other imjiortant committees of the house. Two nntable measures that he strongly championed became laws most val- uable in their results : The compulsory ed- ucation and the general railway laws. Through his Colonial and Revolutionary ancestors he was eligible to many societies, and held membership in the New England Society of Orange, Sons of the American Revolution (of which he was one of the managers) and the New Jersey Historical Society. He was a member of the Masonic order for fifty-five years, receiving his Master Mason's degree in Union Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, in 1852. Later he was a charter member of Corinthian Lodge; he was a companion of Orange Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and a Sir Knight of Damascus Commandery, Knights Templar, of Newark. He was an active and consistent member of the Presbyterian church, affiliating with Brick Church, East Orange. This brief record of the impor- tant activities of his life show Mr. Dore- mus to have been a man possessing the full confidence of his fellow-men. This was shown in his elevation to important public and private trusts, and by the close com- munion he held with influential men throughout the active years of his life. His executive ability was of a high order, his personal character above reproach. Mr. Doremus married, in 1855, Harriet Peck, daughter of William Peck, and de- scendant of Joseph Peck, a signer of the Fundamental Agreement in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1639. Children: Emily, died at the age of eight years ; Edwin Pat- erson, who after a brilliant and successful but brief business career, died May 24, 1895, aged twenty-seven years ; Frederick Halsey, a merchant and importer of New York City ; Fannie, became the wife of George F. Bas- sett, who died May 24, 189 1. CRANE, John Williams, Jurist, Man of Affairs. John Williams Crane, son of Moses Mil- ler and Phoebe Stiles Williams Crane, was born at the old homestead that had been the birthplace of the Crane family for four generations, on December 23rd, 1834, and passed away at the same place, now known as No. 556 Morris avenue, Elizabeth, New Jersey, on December 31st, 1913. He was a direct descendant of Stephen Crane, one of the original Elizabethtown Associates who settled at that place in 1664. He obtained his early education under Mr. Frederick W. Foote, at that time prin- cipal of the Old Noith End school, later attending Mr. James C. Nuttman's school in Elizabeth. He married, at Elizabeth, New Jersey, on December 21st, 1859, Anna Elizabeth, daughter of John and Nancy Lvon Wilson. The issue of this marriage was Moses Aliller, born January T5th, 1864, and Henry Wilson, born May 7th, 1874. The record of business .successes that sur- vives him is one that speaks truthfully of able powers, upright endeavor and industry, a rejiutation gained through more than fifty years connection with extensive real estate and insurance operations. To an active and u'-t ful business career he added long and honorable public service, and during his ma- ture years was constantly and closely iden- 263 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tified with the Democratic organization in his county, serving as a member of the county committee for thirty-eight years. His intimates knew him as a loyal and true gentleman, his business associates as a man of honor and responsibility, and Judge Crane, as he was universally known, from his judicial services in the Court of Com- mon Pleas, ever stood in a position of re- gard and respect ; his death severed the many and closely knit ties that bound him to his community, but all his works were good, and so likewise must be his reward. In November, 1862, he was ajjpointed clerk in the office of the county surrogate, the incumbent of the office at that time be- ing Robert S. Green, subsequently Gover- nor of New Jersey. In the year that he accepted his position under Mr. Green, he was elected to membership in the Union County Board of Freeholders, filling his po- sition on that board for three terms. Upon retiring from the clerkship in the surro- gate's office, he entered the business to which he devoted his lifetime, forming a partnership in the real estate and insur- ance business with A. Denman Mulford, under the firm name of Mulford & Crane. Mr. Mulford changing his residence to a western state, Mr. Crane and former sheriff Frederick F. Glasby entered into a similar association, the latter partnership being dis- solved in 1879. From this date until his death, Mr. Crane was engaged independent- ly in ojierations in real estate and insurance, and rose to leadership in these lines, being a director and for a number of years vice-pres- ident of the National Fire and Marine In- surance Company of Elizabeth. His knowl- edge and ability were frequently called into service for expert testimony in relation to real estate matters. His business interests were extensive, his management showing administrative faculties of a high order, and he used his talents for the benefit of his clients with general satisfaction. He serv- ed many times on commissions whose duties were the determination of property values, and in May, 1886, he was appointed by Jus- tice Van Syckle one of the commissioners of adjustment of the arrears of taxes and as- sessments of the city of Elizabeth. Mr. Crane's associates on this commission were ex-Governor George C. Ludlow and F. L. Heidritter. The work was successfully ac- complished and the result not only proved of great material benefit to the City but also gained high public endorsement. Judge Crane was a member of the congre- gation of the First Presbyterian Church of Elizabeth, where his ancestors had worship- ped for the past two and a half centuries. He was a member of the Lhidcrwriters As- sociation of Elizabeth, a director in the New Jersey Agricultural Society from the time of its organization, and for about twenty years was a director of the old First Nation- al Bank of Elizabeth. He possessed a wide acquaintance in his county and northern New Jersey, was everywhere gladly receiv- ed and enjoyed the confidence and regard of all who knew him. He was a lifelong Democrat and promi- nently identified with that party. In 1894 he was honored by an appointment by Gov- ernor George T. Werts to the position of Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for a five year term, occupying the bench with Judge Thomas F. McCormick and Judge Louis S. Heyer, but two years of his term had expired when associate judge- ships were abolished by legislative enact- ment : his appointment by the Governor met with widespread approval that continued throughout his brief occupancy of the posi- tion. Mention has previously been made of the intimate connection of Judge Crane with Democratic councils in L^nion county. Broad in his views and generous in his politics, as in all things respecting the privileges and rights of his fellows, he nevertheless upheld his party with unchanging fealty, supporting his sincere faith in its principles at every turn. At an executive session of the L^nion 264 ^^^y'r'k^j^^i^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY County Democratic Committee resolutions of regret and condolence were adopted, which read as follows : — Honorable J. Williams Crane, a member of this committee, died at his home in Union township, on the thirty-first day of December, Nineteen Hundred and Thirteen. Judge Crane, as he was familiarly called, was a veteran member of this committee, serving continuously from 1875 up to the time of his death, his services covering a period of thirty-eight years, and during thirty- three years of that period, from 1878 to 1912, he served the committee in the capacity of treas- urer. During all these years he was faithful in his attendance at committee meetings, and discharged his duties both as member and officer in a man- ner which won for him the confidence and re- spect of his colleagues. He was indeed a familiar figure at its gatherings, as he was on every oc- casion which called the leaders of his party to- gether in conference and convention. Desiring to record his services and the great loss which individually and collectively we have sustained, the members of the Union County Democratic Committee, in regular meeting as- sembled. Resolved, That in the death of the Honorable J. Williams Crane, we suffer an irreparable loss. leaving a void in our ranks which no one else can fill. As a citizen. Democrat, official and jurist, his conduct was above reproach ; in fact, it was ideal, and we extend to his family our heartfelt sympathy at his loss; and be it further Resolved. That this modest tribute of our esteem be spread in full on the records of the organization and an engrossed copy thereof be prepared and presented to the family of our de- parted friend and colleague. WRIGHT, Major Edward Henry, Civil War Veteran, Ideal Citizen. Among the men of exceptional devotion to duty in the city of Newark, New Jersey, of inflexible determination to do that which was right and just, despite criticism, the name of Edward Henry Wright took a fore- most place. Intense patriotism was one of the fine qualities he inherited from a dis- tinguished ancestry, and when the occasion arose, he was among the first to give his ■services for his beloved country. Tliere is 26s both propriety and satisfaction in giving a review of the life of a man who has really achieved, and when the achievement is of so varied a character and of .so wide spread an influence, as is the case here, it almost be- comes a matter of necessity that the review should be written in order to serve as an ex- ample to future generations. Edward Henry Wright was born in New- ark, New Jersey, April 5, 1824, and died September 17, 1913. After preparatory training at St. Paul's School, College Point, Long Island, New York, he matriculated at Princeton College, New Jersey, and was graduated from that institution with the de- gree of Bachelor of Arts in the class of 1844, the degree of Master of Arts being conferred upon him in 1847. He commenc- ed reading law under the preceptorship of Alexander Hamilton, of New York, pursu- ed it with Archer Gifford, of Newark, then in the Law Department of Harvard Univer- sity, and was admitted to the bar of New Jersey in 1847. In 1848 and 1849 he travel- ed and studied in Europe, thus obtaining a knowledge of European affairs which was of great benefit in his subsequent career. Upon his return to the United States, Pres- ident Tyler appointed him secretary of the United States Legation at St. Petersburg, Russia, in May, 1849, and he retained this oflSce, representing his native country with dignity, until the close of the administration of President Tyler. His support of the Democratic party extended over a period of half a century. In 1861 he was one of the first to volun- teer his services in the Union army, and in May of that year was appointed major of the Sixth LTnited States Cavalry, and aide- de-camp on the staff of Lieutenant-General Winfield Scott, with the rank of colonel, and held the same rank on the staff of Gen- eral George P>. McCIcllan, upon the retire- ment of General Scott. On the Peninsula of Virginia and during the Maryland cam- paign. Major Wright rendered such signal service, that he was twice breveted for gal- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY lant and meritorious conduct. At the close of the Maryland campaign he was ordered to report with his commander at Trenton, New Jersey, after which he returned to the duties of civil life. He became interested in a variety of enterprises, and held official position in a number of them, as follows : Director of the Mutual Benefit Life Insur- ance Company, the Firemen's Insurance Company and the Newark Gas Company ; member of the board of trustees of the Epis- copal Fund of the Division of Newark ; president of the board of managers of the New Jersey Home for Disabled Soldiers, being the active executive officer of the board for a quarter of a century. He was companion in the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States ; mem- ber of Marcus L. Ward Post, No. 88, Grand Army of the Republic, in which he held office as commander and past commander ; member of the Essex Club of Newark, and served as vice-president several terms ; and affiliated with the Union Club of New York City. He was a member of the Episcopal church, and for a period of fifty-four years a devout communicant of the parish of the House of Prayer of Newark, and active in its .support. Major Wright married, in Ascension Church, New York City, October 9, i8(x3, Dorothe Eliza Mason, who was born at the home of Thaddeus Phelps, No. 23 Park Place, New York City, at that time one of the finest residential sections. She was a daughter of Stevens Thomson and Julia (Phelps) Mason, the former the first gov- ernor of the State of Michigan, and found- er of the University of Michigan. Major and Mrs. Wright had children: Minerva, married Rowland Parry Keasby : William Mason, at one time major of the Eighth In- fantry, and stationed at Monterey, Califor- nia, married Marjorie Jerauld: Emily Vir- ginia : Julia Phelps : Katherine Maria : Dora Mason, married Chauncey G. Parker : Edith Howard : Amabel Phelps ; Edward Henry, Jr., married Caroline Lesher Firth. The time and means of Major Wright were ever freely given to the interests of the public, and he ranked among the best citi- zens. Liberal in his views without being radical, his ideas in many instances were in advance of his time, but later events have proven the wisdom which underlay them. Thoroughness, devotion to work and an un- shakable integrity furnished the keynotes to his business character, the other side of which showed the broad-minded Christian gentleman, with charity and sympathy for all classes, creeds and conditions. WRIGHT, William, Prominent Manufacturer, Business Man. It has been universally conceded that the busiest men are those who always have time to spare in order to assume additional du- ties, and apparently they are able to accom- plish wonders. The very simple principle lying at the root of this state of affairs is systematic and methodical work. Every moment of time is given its full valuation, and every phase of life is appreciated in pro))ortion to the useful work which has been faithfully performed. .\ man who was a fine exponent of this admirable class of men was William Wright, manufacturer, financier and statesman, whose efforts in be- half of the welfare and improvement of the community were unremitting, and who was successful in the accomplishment of jirojccts which a less energetic and enter- prising man would have lost courage in es- tablishing. William Wright was born in Clarkstown, Rockland county. New York, November 13, 1704. and died in Newark, New Jersey, No- vember 1, 1866. He was a son of Dr. Wil- liam Wright, who was graduated from Yale College in the class of 1774, and a lineal de- scendant of Benjamin Wright, who emigrat- ed from England to Virginia in 1645, re- moved to Guilford, Connecticut, five years later, and not long afterward to a farm at the mouth of Wright's river, near Saybrook, 266 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Connecticut, where the family has Hved for a number of generations. He was the recip- ient of a thorough college preparatory edu- cation in Poughkeepsie, New York, but was obliged to forego entering college by reason of the death of his father in 1808. this ne- cessitating his taking a business position at once. He found this in Bridgeport. Con- necticut, where he became an apprentice in the harness manufacturing business of An- son G. Phelps, and while there volunteered against the British in the defense of Ston- ington. Some years later, in association with William Peet and Sheldon Smith, he was one of the organizers of the firm of Peet, Smith & Company, manufacturers of saddlery and harness, and so successful did this enterprise prove, that a branch house was established in Charleston, South Caro- lina. Newark, to which city Mr. Wright mov- ed in 182 1, was the next scene of his ac- tivity, and he became a partner in the firm of Smith & Wright, later members of the firm being Messrs. Hanford Smith. Edwin Van Antwerp and William S. Faitoute. This soon became the most noted establishment of its kind in the city, and was the leader in the manufacture of leather goods in the State, and most probably in the L'nited States, of that period. The factory was lo- cated at the southeast corner of Broad and Fair streets, and Mr. Wriglit was the lead- ing spirit in its affairs until his retirement when he was about sixty years of age. A number of other important business enter- prises of the city had the benefit of his co- operation, among them being the Newark Mechanics' Bank, the Mechanics' Insurance Company and the Newark Savings Institu- tion, in all of which he held official position. being president of the last named from its organization until his death. The Morris & Essex railroad had the benefit of his ex- ecutive ability from the time of its organi- zation until death called him away. The manifold demands made upon the time of Mr. Wright l)y his weighty business re- 267 sponsibilities did not prevent him from fol- lowing public affairs with the closest atten- tion, greatly to the benefit of the communi- ty in which he resided, and the country at large. His earlier political affiliation was with the Whig party, and later his princi- ples were those of the Democratic party. He was honored by election as mayor of New- ark in 1840. as a representative of the Whig party, and filled this office with distinguish- ed ability for a period of three years. In 1842, while still in office as mayor, he was nominated, and later elected, to Congress, defeating William B. Kinney, later minister to Italy. Mr. Wright was re-elected in 1844, and served in the House of Representatives from December, 1843. ""^il March, 1847, and was considered one of the ablest men of these sessions. In 1847 he was elected for the office of governor of the State of New Jersey, but was defeated. Henry Clay al- ways received his active support as a pres- idential candidate, and he was a delegate from New Jersey to the national convention of 1848. During the administration of President Fillmore, Mr. Wright was among those who abandoned the Whig party, deeming the principles supported by the Democratic party best suited to the needs and development of the country, and from that time forward, the Democratic party had no more ardent advocate than he. In the campaign of 1852 he was an active worker in the interests of the Democratic nominees and his reputation and influence were of great advantage to the party in many directions. He was elected to the Senate of the United .States by this party, his term extending from March 3, 1853, to March 3, 1859. was succeeded by a Repub- lican, whom he succeeded in 1863, and again was chosen to serve a full term. During his first term in this honorable body he was chosen chairman of the committee on man- ufactures, and during his second term he was a member of the committees on manu- factures, public lands and revolutionary claims. His death occurred while he was CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY serving his second term as a United States Senator. For many years he was a member of the Episcopal Church, a hberal supporter of this institution, and a prominent commu- nicant of the Newark House of Prayer. Mr. Wright married, September 2, 1819, Minerva, a daughter of Wilham and Jemi- ma (Tomhnson) Darrow, and they had chil- dren : Frederick William, born May 21, 1820: Catherine Maria, born March 23, 1822; Edward Henry, a sketch of whom also appears in this work. Mr. Wright was a man of broad and liberal ideas, and his stern integrity was recognized in the busi- ness world. He combined an extraordinary genius for administration with indomitable perseverance, and his self-reliance never failed him. Genial, yet dignified, in his man- ner, he won the respect of those with whom he had relations in the business, social and political world, and the affection of a large circle of friends. In his home life he was a loving and devoted husband and father. PLUM. Stephen Haines, Mannfactorer, Man of Affairs. The late .Stephen H. Plum, who through- out his active and honored life was a prom- inent and influential citizen of Newark, trusted and esteemed for his excellent char- acteristics, winning and retaining the confi- dence of all with whom he was brought in contact, whether in business, religious or social life, was a worthy representative of a family of prominence, whose names are prominently connected and associated with the States of Connecticut and New Jer.sey, especially the latter, from its early history down to the present time, a family conspic- uous for its men of sterling probity and in- tegrity, active and public-spirited, progres- sive and enterprising. The name has been variously spelled during the preceding gen- erations, Plume, Plumb, Plumbe being .some of the forms. The coat-of-arms of the Plume familv are as follows : Ermine, a blend vair or and gules cottised vert. Crest (English) : Out of a ducal coronet or, a plume of ostrich feathers argent. The Plumbs are an ancient Norman family, and are traced back to Normandy, A. D., 1180, and in England to A. D., 1240. In Ameri- ca the Plumes and Plums are among the old- est New England Colonial families. John Plume, progenitor of the branch of the family herein recorded, a son of Robert and Grace (Crackbone) Plume, was born in Spaynes Hall, at Great Yeldham, Essex, England, from which country he removed to the New World, locating in Wethersfield. Connecticut, in 1635. and there became a prominent and influential citizen. His wife Dorothy bore him eight children, among whom was Samuel. His death occurred in Rranford, Connecticut, in 1648. Samuel Plum, son of John and Dorothy Plume, was born in England, January 4, 1625-26, died in Newark, New Jersey, January 22, 1703. He was also a resident of Wethersfield and Branford, Connecticut, removing to Newark in 1668. He married, name of wife un- known, and among his children was John Plum, bom in Branford, Connecticut, Oc- tober 28, 1657, died in Newark, New Jer- sey, July 12. 1 710. He accompanied his father and the family there in 1668. and there spent the remainder of his days. He married Hannah Crane, who bore him five children, among whom was John Plume, born in Newark. New Jersey, about 1696, died there, after 1785. His entire life was spent in that city, and he appears to have been one of the few who wrote his surname Plume. He married (first) Joanna Crane, and (second) Mary , and among the children of his first wife was John Plum, bom in Newark. New Jersey, about 1743, died there, about January. 1771. He mar- ried Susan Crane, who bore him four chil- dren, among whom was Matthias Plum, bom in Newark, New Jersey, 1768, died there, in 1852, having spent his entire life in his native city. He married Phebe Wood- 268 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ruff, who bore him five children, among igrated from Glasgow, Scotland, to America whom was Stephen Haines, of whom fur- ther. Stephen Haines Plum, born in Newark, New Jersey, January 7, 1800, died there, April II, 1885, having long passed the al- lotted span of three score years and ten. After completing his studies in the common schools of his native city, he entered upon an apprenticeship to learn the trade of shoe- making, remaining until he thoroughly mas- tered the trade in all its details, and then es- tablished a business in that line on his own account in New York City, which was a suc- cess from the beginning, he later extend- ing his operations throughout the southern and western States, which also proved a profitable enterprise. His goods were man- ufactured in the city of Newark, and he was among the first manufacturers of that city to gain for it its well-deserved reputation as a manufacturing center. About the year 1850 he gradually withdrew from business of a mercantile and manufacturing nature and invested his capital in other directions, be- coming actively interested in the Newark Gas Light Company, he having been a mem- ber of the board of directors for a number of years. He was also a stockholder and director in the New Jersey Fire Insurance Company, the Mechanics' Fire Insurance Company and the St. Mark's Fire Insur- ance Company of New York. He was a man of great force of character, of unim- peachable integrity, and to a natural dignity of manner added a geniality that won him numerous friends. He was charitable and generous, with a ready sympathy for those in affliction or need, and exerted a powerful influence for good in his community. A keynote to his success in his numerous ac- tivities was his executive force and mastery of detail in whatever engaged his attention. Mr. Plum married Margaret Monteith Todd, born in Belvidere, New Jersey, died in Newark, New Jersey, January 6, 1883. She was a daughter of Michael and Martha (Ramsden) Todd, the former of whom em- in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Children of .Mr. and Mrs. Plum, all born in Newark: i. Cliarlotte, born 1835; became the wife of Theodore B. Coe. 2. Matthias, born November 24, 1839; a prominent bus- iness man of Newark, engaged in the sale of books and stationery, also in printing and book binding, and has an extensive paper warehouse ; married Josephine A. Terhune ; children: .^nne Howard, became the wife of George W. Downs ; Matthias, married Mary Campbell Gaddis ; .Stephen Haines, married Madge Wilder ; William Terhune, married Rertha Krueger. 3. Stephen Haines, (q. v.). PLUM, Stephen Haines, Jr., Man of Affairs, Philanthropist. Stephen Haines Plum, Jr., son of Stephen Haines Plum (q. v. ), was born in Newark, New Jersey, November 12, 1842, and died there. May 30, 1906. He attended the pri- vate school conducted by Mr. Hedges, and this knowledge was supplemented by a course in the high schools of Newark, which thoroughly prepared him for an active bus- iness career. He obtained his first insight of business by becoming a clerk in a drug establishment, and his next employment was in the City Bank of Newark, and at the ex- piration of eighteen months' service there, he accepted a position in the National Bank of the Republic. New York City, where his ability and faithfulness was rewarded by promotion from time to time. His connec- tion with this institution continued for al- mo.st a quarter of a century, and for about eighteen years of that period he served in the capacity of paying teller. He resigned his position in the bank in order to devote his entire time and attention to his individ- ual property interests, which came to him upon the death of his father in 1885, he having left an extensive estate. He spent eighteen months abroad visiting England, Scotland, Ireland, France, Italy, Germany, 269 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Algeria and other foreign countries, thus adding considerably to his store of knowl- edge and also gaining for him a much-need- ed rest. Mr. Plum was a philanthropist in the highest sense of the word, contributing lib- erally of his means to various charities, al- though in such an unostentatious and quiet manner that few except those directly bene- fitted were aware of the donor, this being true charity and the essence of true refine- ment of character. One of his most noble acts of charity was the building of the Eighth .Avenue Day Nursery in Newark, in honor of his mother, this institution being a great boon to mothers who are compelled to leave their children in order to make a living for them. In connection with the late Mr. Horace Ailing, he was an active factor in securing the subscriptions for the erection of the building for the Children's xAid and Prevention of Cruelty to Children Society in Newark, in which worthy undertaking he took a keen interest, contributing liberally toward its support and maintenance, and which he served in the capacity of presi- dent, filling that position at the time of his decease and for many years prior to that event. Mr. Plum joined the First Baptist Peddie Memorial Church, in 1858, at the age of sixteen years, and was thereafter an ac- tive and consistent member, serving for nineteen years as treasurer, for several years as president of its Board of Trustees, and an active worker in the missionary movement. He was also for many years a teacher in its Sunday school, using there his great influence and power over many young men, his daily life serving as an example for others to follow. In national and State affairs, Mr. Plum was in favor of the can- didates of the Republican party, but in local affairs he cast his vote for the man who in his opinion was best qualified for office, ir- respective of party affiliation. He was a man whom to know was to honor, one of the men whose careers were of signal useful- ness, using their great talents and wealth to the best advantage, thus gaining what is far better than wealth or power, an honored and untarnished name. Mr. Plum married, October 25, 1865, Mary, daughter of David C. and Lydia (Dodd) Runyon, of Newark, New Jersey. Children: i. Margaret Monteith, became the wife of Henry G. Atha, treasurer of the Cast Steel Works of New Jersey ; children : Margaret Monteith, born July 17, 1898, and Sarah, born March 8, 1901. 2. Martha J. 3. Stephen Haines (3), born January 18, 1877, in Newark ; educated in Newark Academy and Princeton College, graduating from the latter in the class of 1901 ; engaged in the real estate business in Newark ; a Re- publican in politics, member of the Peddie Memorial Church, in which he serves as trustee, and interested in all the good work in which his father took such a prominent part : married Blanche Devereux : children : Stephen Haines (4), born October 30, 1906, and Lucretia Mary, born December 30, 1907. HUSTON, Judge Henry. Prominent Lawyer and Jnrist. The comment has often been truthfully made that deserved appreciation of really great men is too frequently withheld until death awakens society, or a State, to a sense of its loss. This is less true of the late Judge Henry Huston, of Newton, New Jer- sey, than of most distinguished personages. There was never a period in his notable career when his mental equipment was not recognized by friend and foe alike as of a superior order. None ever failed to credit him with high moral purpose, true nobility of character, sterling sense of justice, and firm adherence to the loftiest political, social and professional ideals. Nor did he disap- point any intelligent opinion of his excep- tional qualities of head and heart, and this universal estimate of his character became more pronounced after his sudden passing away. Sentiment assumed free and open 270 ^^^^^^H 1 ^^^Hk "^'"^ ^H ^^^Hj^f^ ^1 ^^^B|; ^^^^^^^^^^1 H ^^^^^^^^^^^^^Btc ^^H 1^ ■ 1 ^ ^K- V /; ' ^^^j^^^^jLy fkty/A-^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY expression. He was deliberately revveighed in all his attributes of character, in all his ac- complishments, in all his relations to public and civic affairs, and what had been the common verdict was only rendered the more emphatic. Honors, no matter how profuse, were all too insufficient for the distinguish- ed dead. Mourning, however sincere and general, was but a feeble expression of the deep seated sense of bereavement. Through critical, yet most kind analysis, through sympathetic eulogium, and through touching dirge, was assigned his deservedly exalted niche in the hall of fame, there to stand as an encouragement to noble endeavor and as an inspiration to ambitious youths. The Huston family in this country is of Scotch-Irish origin, and was founded here by John Huston, a linen weaver of the North of Ireland, who came to America about one hundred and fifty years ago and made his home near the Town of Newton, New Jersey. His son, Alexander Huston, was a farmer by occupation, prospered ex- ceedingly, and was a man of influence in the section, filling the office of assessor of the Township of Newton, for about thirty-five years. One of his sons, John Huston, was also a successful farmer in this township. James B. Huston, son of this second John Huston, was born in 1818, and died at La- fayette, Sussex county. New Jersey, March 18, 1894. During almost all the active years of his life he held positions of trust. He served as a lay judge of the Sussex Court of Common Pleas for a period of ten years ; was for many years a member of the Board of Chosen Freeholders of the county: dur- ing a quarter of a century he was a member of the board of directors of the Sussex National Bank- of Newton ; and was engag- ed in the milling and mercantile business at Lafayette approximately forty years. He married Martha Kays, a daughter of Thomas Kays, and a granddaughter of John Kays, a Revolutionary sf>ldier, who married a daughter of Benjamin Hull, an early set- tler of Sussex county, who had thirteen chil- 271 dren, one hundred grandchildren, and whose descendants may be found in almost every State in the Union. Martha (Kays) Hus- ton was a descendant of Henry Bale, a German, who came to America about 1750, and in Sussex county built the first grist mill east of the Blue Ridge. Among the children of Mr. Huston were: John, now living in Portland. Maine: Henry, the sub- ject of this sketch : and Mrs. Mary Clay, of Newark. Judge Henry Huston was born at La- fayette, Sussex county. New Jersey, No- vember 26, 1853, and died at his home on Elm street, Newton, April 17, 1915, after an illness of only a few hours' duration. His elementary education was acquired in his native town at the private school conducted by Professor E. A. Stiles, of the Mount Retirement Seminary, and he was prepared for entrance to college at the Blair Presby- terian Academy. There he pursued his studies far enough to enable him to enter Princeton College in the sophomore class and he was graduated from this institution with honors in, the class of 1874. For some time he had already decided to follow the legal profession, and he commenced his preparation toward this end in the office of his uncle, Thomas Kays, an eminent lawyer of Newton, was admitted to the bar of New Jersey as an attorney in 1877, ^"d as a coun- selor in 1880. He at once commenced the active practice of his profession, and in 1884 became associated with his uncle in a part- nership which lasted until 1891, and which was conducted under the firm name of Kays, Huston & Kays. During the thirty-five years of his prac- tice in Sussex county, the services of Judge Huston were continuously in demand. It almost seemed a foregone conclusion that he would win cases, even under the greatest difficulties. Upon attaining his majority he had joined the ranks of the Republican party, and from the outset was looked upon as a leader. As a political speaker and writ- er, he took part in every campaign since CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY 1876; his contributions to the newspapers always aroused deep interest, and on several occasions his was the leading spirit to im- portant and greatly needed reforms. As a public speaker, he was fluent and convinc- ing, his high literary attainments and pleas- ing address enabling him to sway his audi- ences at will. But it was not alone in the political field that his services as an orator were in demand. In the service of churches and organizations of varied scope and char- acter, his talents were as freely given, and were the subject grave or gay, it was sure to be attractively handled by Judge Huston. He was particularly impressive and charming as an impromptu speaker, his brilliant ideas and quaint, whimsical and telling turns of speech being inimitable. His professional services were always in demand, and at the time of his death he had been retained on eighteen of the forty-two cases on the dock- et for the April term of court. He was ap- pointed United States Circuit Court Com- missioner for the District of New Jersey in 1879, and was admitted to practice in the United States Circuit and District Courts in 1881 ; in 1884 he was appointed a Special Master in Chancery by Chancellor Runyon. In April, 1896, Governor Griggs appointed him law judge for Sussex county to fill a vacancy, and in January, 1897. he was reappointed by the Governor, and con- firmed by the Senate for a full term of five years. In 1907 he was appointed Prosecu- tor of Sussex county, was reappointed sub- sequently, and retired in 1912. Judge Huston married, September 2, 1878, Laura A. Snyder, daughter of Wil- liam and Mar}' (Kays) Snyder, of Lafay- ette. She survives her husband, as do also children: Henry W., of Newton, and Mrs. Nelson E. Frissell, of Trenton. The fun- eral services of Judge Huston were conduct- ed by the Rev. Milton E. Grant, pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Qiurch, and he was assisted by the Rev. Clarence Rouse, of the Presbyterian Church. During the funeral services all places of business in the town were closed in honor to his memory ; tht Court adjourned at two o'clock, and the members of the Sussex County Bar attend- ed the services in a body, having passed res- olutions in honor of his memory at a meet- ing held on April 20, 1915. Pages could be filled were the words of praise spoken of Judge Huston to be reproduced here, but the limits of this article will not permit their reproduction. Suffice it to say that he brought to the discharge of the duties of his office not only ripe experience and a thor- ough knowledge of professional affairs, but a conscientious desire and intention that, so far as was possible, sound business princi- ples and methods should be applied to the administration of court affairs. He was not liampercd by a desire for other or higher of- ficial position and so, with the directness and candor so characteristic of him, he dealt with the problems before him in a way that secured effectual results. PETTIT, Dr. Alonzo, Medical Practitioner, Humanitarian. By the death of Dr. Alonzo Pettit, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, the community lost a distinguished physician, whose connection with the medical profession was one of prominence. Lured by the hope of result, he had carried his investigations beyond those of the average practitioner, and in the field of knowledge had gleaned inany val- uable truths whose practical utility to the world he had demonstrated in a successful I)ractice. Dr. Alonzo Pettit was tx)rn in Wilson, Niagara county. New York, January 11, 1842. and died at his home in Elizabeth. New Jersey, in November, 1908. He was a son of Samuel and Maria (Armstrong) Pettit, the former a farmer and one of the pioneer settlers of Wilson, New York, where he was deacon in the Baptist church. The American progenitor of the Pettit fam- ily was William Brewster, of Mayflower fame. Dr. Pettit attended the Wilson dis- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY trict school, and after suitable preparation, matriculated at the University of Rochester, from which he was graduated in the class of 1863. He then took up the study of med- icine at the University of Buffalo, from which he was graduated in the class of 1867, the degree of Doctor of Medicine being con- ferred upon him. For a short time he filled the responsible position of house physician at the Buffalo General Hospital, and, in 1867 established himself in the practice of his profession in Elizabeth, New Jersey. The excellent results he achieved in his practice made his rise in this a comparative- ly rapid one, and at the time of his death he was considered one of the leading physicians of the State. In association with several other physicians he founded the Elizabeth General Hospital, in which he was an at- tending surgeon for a period of twenty- seven years, and was chief of the medical staff from 1892 until 1905. He was pres- ident of the Union County Medical Soci- ety ; president of the Clinical Society, Eliz- abeth General Hospital ; city physician for Elizabeth : L'nion county jail physician ; and physician to the Central Railroad of New Jersey. While he cast his vote for the can- didates of the Republican party, he never took an active part in political affairs, hold- ing the opinion that he was best serving his fellowmen by devoting himself to the duties of his professional life. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, and the Elizabeth Town and Country Qub. He was a constituent member of the Central Baptist Church, and a deacon in that institution at the time of his death. Dr. Pettit married, in Elizabeth, .August 31, i86g, Ellen Maria Dimock. They had no children. No better estimate can be giv- en of the character of Dr. Pettit than by quoting from what his colleagues and organ- izations with which he was connected, said of him at the time of his death. Dr. Mc- Lean, who had known and associated with Dr. Pettit for many years, said, among other IT— 18 things : ".As a surgeon as well as a physi- cian, Dr. Pettit stood high in his profession. He was a man who made lasting friends of all with whom he came in contact. He was a quiet, unassuming, Giristian gentleman, a learned and highly successful physician and surgeon, and a man who, if he could not say a good word regarding a fellow man, would say nothing at all." Dr. Victor Mrav- lag, who was mayor-elect at the time of the death of Dr. Pettit, said : "His ability as a physician could not be questioned. He was always kind and courteous and personally, in my opinion, was one of the sweetest char- acters that ever lived. He surely had no superiors. He was a man of principle, and lived up to it. In his death, not only the medical fraternity, but the city, has lost one of its best and mostly highly prized men." Meetings to take suitable action were held by all the institutions and organizations with which he had been connected, and resolu- tions passed. Following is an extract from the tribute paid to his memory at the special meeting of the Clinical Society of the Eliz- abeth General Hospital : "He truly was a man without the slightest selfishness — the very personification of altruism. His sweet- ness of character, his fortitude in bodily suffering, his patient bearing under the severe dispensation of Providence, which al- most deprived him of the companionship of his faithful wife — his purity of mind, his upright life, placed him upon a level rarely attained and never surpassed by men." In the resolutions adopted by the Dispensary Staff of the Elizabeth General Hospital we find : "It has been the will of the Almighty to take from us our beloved friend and as- sociate, Dr. Alonzo Pettit, a man of sterling integrity, a skilled physician and an honored colleague ; a man who spoke ill of no one ; who gave the best of his natural endow- ments and broad knowledge without stint to the service of his fellow men." He was one of the charter members of the Union Coun- ty Medical Society, and this also regarded him as "A quiet, unobtrusive. Christian CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY gentleman and physician, \\ho was held in the highest esteem by all his professional brethren. His scientific attainments were of a high order, and the patient, conscientious, unselfish service which he has rendered to the people of Elizabeth, endeared him to the hearts and homes of a wide circle of those who were so fortunate as to enjoy his pro- fessional service." The death of Mrs. Ellen (Dimock) Pettit, widow of the late Dr. Alonzo Pettit, depriv- ed the city of Elizabeth, New Jersey, of one of its most earnest and high minded work- ers. A woman who put thoughts of self absolutely in the background, and whose mind was constantly filled with plans fc the relief of suffering humanity. Mrs. Pettit was born in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia. May 13, 1845, and died in July, 1912. She was a daughter of the Rev. Anthony Vaughn and Susan Rathbone (Westcn) Dimock, a descendant in the paternal line from the hereditary champions of England, and in the maternal from Peter Brown, the thirty-third signer of the Mayflower Com- pact. Rev. Anthony Vaughn Dimock was a Baptist minister, as had been a number of his direct ancestors, and was stationed in Nova Scotia, Massachusetts, Connecticut and New Jersey, and had at one time been a missionary in Prince Edward's Island. The education of Mrs. Pettit was a very comprehensive one, and was acquired in the district schools of Willington. Connecticut, and Templeton, Massachusetts, and in the Connecticut Literary Institute in Suffield, Connecticut. She became a writer of mis- sionary stories and Sunday school lessons, among them ".Ground the World," which was published in Boston. She was the able companion and co-worker of her talented husband, and labored earnestly with him in the establishment of the Elizabeth General Hospital. She was the honorary president for life of the Ladies' Aid Society connected with this institution, and as a mark of ap- preciation of her noble character and un- varying interest and aid, the Training School for Nurses was named in her honor. Mrs. Pettit married, at Elizabeth, August 31, 1869, Dr. Alonzo Pettit, whose memoir also appears in this work. She was a con- stituent member of the Central Baptist Church, and it is largely owing to her efforts that the institution was called into being. After the dissolution of the Broad Street Church, in 1877, Mrs. Pettit, with charac- teristic tenacity of purpose, continued her primary class, thus holding many of the workers together. For many years she was the presiding genius of its missionary enter- prise, assistant superintendent of its Sunday School and superintendent of its primary department, thus almost literally fulfilling the meaning of the old-time expression "I belong to the Qiurch." That her activities were numerous and di- versified, the following record will show : Assistant superintendent of the Central Baptist Sunday school ; superintendent of the primary department of the Central Bap- tist Sunday school ; member of the executive department of the International Sunday School Association ; member of the primary department and officer of the International Sunday School Association ; director in the State Summer School of Primary Methods, at Asbury Park : president of the State Pri- mary Council of New Jerse\' ; member of the executive committee of the Union Coun- ty Sunday School Association ; founder of the Primary Teachers' Union of Elizabeth, New Jersey ; chairman of the International Conference of Women's Foreign Mission- ary Boards of United States and Canada ; State president of Women's Baptist Foreign Missionary Society of New Jersey, mem- ber of the board of directors of the General Society of the Women's Baptist Foreign Missionary Society; originator of the Sum- mer School of Missionary Methods at Northfield ; founder of Foreign Missionary Cradle Roll ; president of Ladies' Aid So- ciety of Elizabeth General Hospital ; found- er of the Pettit Home for Nurses ; founder of the Training School for Nurses of the 274 1 .-^ ""(C) ^/Tr^^-o^-^x-d^-^-i^^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Elizabeth General Hospital ; one of the founders of the Graded System of Sunday School Lessons now in use (Interdenomina- tional) ; president of the Central Association of New Jersey Baptist Women's Foreign Missionary Society ; organizer of the Junior Department of the Women's Baptist Foreign Missionary Society ; one of the in- corporators of the Elizabeth Charity Or- ganization, and of the Society for the Pre- vention of Cruelty to Children ; a member of the Monday Club of Elizabeth, and of the Elizabeth Town and Country Club. The home of Mrs. Pettit was a center of unbounded hospitality, a haven of rest and refreshment to returning missionaries, and its doors were ever open. Intense in her de- votion to her own family, her friendship was a priceless boon, and those who knew her best, most treasure her memory as a lasting, changeless possession. TOWNSEND, Zebulon E., Veteran Court Official. An unusual scene was enacted in the Pas- saic county court presided over by Judge Black when the business of the court was suspended to pay tributes of respect to one not a lawyer or jurist, but to the oldest of- ficer of the court. Zebulon E. Townsend was for forty-two years connected with the sheriff's office as deputy and court crier. At the time a former Governor of New Jersey and Attorney-General of the United States, John W. Griggs, spoke words of admiration and respect for his old friend, as did Judge Black and other eminent members of the bar. Known to his intimates as "Zeb," Mr. Townsend had a wide acquaintance among the best men in the State and left behind him a record of devotion to duty integrity and faithfulness never excelled. In recogni- tion of his long term of devoted service, on motion of John W. Griggs, seconded by former Prosecutor Eugene Emley, the court adjourned on the afternoon of Mr. Town- 275 send's funeral, many lawyers and court of- ficials attending the last solemn services. Zebulon E. Townsend was born in Pater- son, New Jersey, in March, 1837, the place of his birth being the house on Main street, standing on the present site of the Van Dyk furniture store. He died October 27, 1912, aged seventy-five years. He was a son of Nathaniel Townsend, born in Sussex county, New Jersey, and a descendant of a family long numbered among the agricultur- ists of that county. Nathaniel Townsend was born in Ham- burg, Sussex county, in 1813, died in Pater- son, New Jersey, March 17, 1899. He was well educated, and when nineteen years of age came to Paterson, where until his death he was prominent in business and in public life. He established one of the early livery barns in Paterson and prospered ex- ceedingly, always holding a character for honorable dealing and uprightness. He was mayor of Paterson two terms, 1869-70, 1875-77, "I'ld sheriff of Passaic county, two terms, 1866-68, and 1872-74. He also serv- ed as city commissioner, and all his life was active in city politics, one of the representa- tive Democrats of his day. He retired from business several years prior to his death, but never surrendered his interest in public af- fairs. His livery barns were on Main street, near Market, and during his first term as sheriff prior to the erection of suitable court rooms, the sessions of the county court were held there. During his second term as sher- iff, the court house on Main street had been erected and court sessions removed there. Children of Nathaniel Townsend : Mrs. James G. Morgan; Mrs. E. D. Gardner, of Union Hill; Miss Jane Townsend, Mrs. Martha Dufford, of Paterson; and Zebulon E. Townsend. Zebulon E. Townsend passed his child- hood at his father's residence, 20 Hamilton street, Paterson, and there resided until his marriage in 1859, at the age of twenty-two years. He then installed his bride in their CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY own home at i6 Hamilton street, and there Children : Emmett Townsend, Thomas resided for nearly half a century, until death removed the wife, and four years later the husband followed. Mr. Townsend secured his education in the public schools, and was associated with his father in business until the latter's first election as sheriff, when he appointed Zebulon E. Townsend his assistant, or un- der sheriff. This office he retained under each succeeding sheriff, performing the du- ties of that office and those of court crier, having been first appointed to the latter of- fice by Judge (afterward Governor) Bedle. Although his father was a vigorous cam- paigner of the old school, the son took little active part in political affairs, although in 1878 he was the Democratic nominee for sheriff. He failed of an election by a small plurality, and never again was a candidate. He continued as under sheriff and court crier for forty-two years, and it was his boast that for forty years he had never miss- ed an opening day of any term of the Passaic courts. Since that time he missed one day, but was again on duty at the opening of the September term, but a few weeks prior to his death. He was one of the kindliest hearted of men, modest and unassuming, highly respected, and esteemed by all who knew him, and "their name was legion.'' He did not appreciate that his end was so near, but planned some work he wanted to attend to only the day preceding his death. But the vital forces were all consumed, and quietly and peacefully the old veteran pass- ed to that land where courts are not called, and only the Great Judge sits in judgment. Mr. Townsend married, in 1859, Eliza- beth R., daughter of Rev. S. W. Decker, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, belonging to the Newark Conference. Mrs. Townsend died in 1908, her married life covering a period but little short of half a century. Annie, the only child of Zebulon and Elizabeth R. (Decker) Townsend, mar- ried Thomas Drew, and resides in Paterson. Kendall, Elizabeth Townsend. WERTS, George T., Distinguished Jnrist, Governor. Distinguished lawyer, jurist and public official, the career of George T. Werts, best known to Jerseymen as an honored gover- nor, was a notable one from whatever point viewed. His standing as a lawyer was best attested by his appointment to the Supreme Bench of New Jersey ; his popularity by the fact that he was never defeated in a politi- cal contest ; his value as a public official by the fact that two of his bills, the Werts bal- lot reform bill and the Werts liquor bill, in- troduced by him as State Senator, became laws that are yet subjects of discussion. His term as governor was marked by strict at- tention to duty and a sincere desire to give the people who elected him, wise, just and impartial legislation. His business career was equally notable, his connection with en- terprises of magnitude continuous until his retirement. George T. Werts was born at Hacketts- town. New Jersey, March 24, 1846, died at his residence in Jersey City, January 17, 1910, son of Peter Werts ; his mother was a \^anatta. His father, a builder, moved to Bordentown, New Jersey, in 1849, and there the lad attended private and public schools, finishing at the high school, then entering the Model School at Trenton, and continu- ing a student there until he was seventeen years of age. He then began the study of law with his maternal uncle, Jacob Vanatta, at Morristown, New Jersey, a town destined to be the place of his activities for many years. He was admitted to the Morris coun- ty bar at the November term, 1867, and at once began practice in Morristown. He was successful in practice and very popular with his townsmen, was engaged on one side or the other of all important cases that came before the county court, and was chosen for 276 ^-^^^^:^f^ a director in the Citizens' National Bank of Englewood, New Jersey. Mr. Browning made his home in New York City, but main- tained an attractive summer home at Ten- afly, New Jersey. He was deeply interested in organized charitable work, both in New York and New Jersey, and in association with his wife erected a fresh air children's home at Tenafly. While he was essentially a business man, a director in many profitable enterprises, Mr. Browning always had time for a reasonable amount of recreation, and devoted much thought and care to benevo- lent work in the interest of mankind in general. He died suddenly in the Erie ferryhouse at the foot of Chambers street. New York, October 26, 1914. He married, October 19, 1871, Eva B. Sisson, daughter of Charles Grandison and Mary Elizabeth (Garrabrant) Sisson. Mr. Sisson was a projector, contractor and railroad president, one of the most useful citizens of New Jer- sey during more than a quarter of a cen- tury's residence in that state. He was a grandson of William Sisson, one of five brothers, from Soissons, in Normandy, France, all of whom settled in Rhode Island, a majority of them participating in the American Revolution. One, Nathan Sisson, endured terrible hardships on board British prison ships in New York harbor. Major Gilbert Sisson, son of William, was a native of North Stonington, Connecticut, where he was a merchant, and married Desire Maine, a woman of unusual talent, the sev- enth daughter of a large family, of French descent. They were the parents of Charles G. Sisson. Mr. and Mrs. John Hull Browning were the parents of a son, John Hull Browning, born October 6, 1874. OBERLY, Rev. Dr. Henry Harrison, Clergyman, Litteratenr, The influence of a beloved and revered pastor remains longer ])erhaps in any com- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY munity than that of any other type of man. One of the most beneficent of these, and one whose sainthness was known to all, whether or not they were of his parish, was the Rev. Dr. Henry Harrison Oberly, rector of Christ Episcopal Church, in Elizabeth, New Jer- sey. A man of the most unaffected and beautiful piety, his sway over the people of his time was that due to the involuntary homage of the human mind towards an ideal of holiness and benevolence. The memory of such a man lingers long among those who have even indirectly known him, and leaves a strong, if mute, appeal for nobler and purer living. Rev. Dr. Oberly was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, June 19, 1841, a son of Ben- jamin and Anne Elizabeth (Yard) Oberly, and a descendant of a Swiss family which has been resident there for almost two cen- turies. After passing through the grammar and high schools of his native town, he at- tended in succession Racine College, Ra- cine, Wisconsin ; Trinity College, at Hart- ford, Connecticut : and the Berkeley Divin- ity School, at Middletown, Connecticut. He was graduated from the two last named in- stitutions. Trinity College conferring upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1899. He was ordained deacon while at Berkeley School, and ordained to the priest- hood of the Protestant Episcopal Qiurch by Bishop Potter, while serving his diacon- ate at Trinity Church, New York. His first rectorship was the parish of Holy Cross. Warren.sburg, New York, where he remain- ed three years. For another year he was rector at Cherry Valley, New York, then for five years rector of Trinity Church at West Troy, New York. He was appointed to the rectorship of Christ Church, Eliza- beth, New Jersey, June i, 1879, there hav- ing been but two rectors preceding him here — Rev. Stevens Parker. D. D., from 1863 to 1879, and the first rector. Rev. E. A Hoffman. D. D.. from 1853 to 1863. Dr. Oberlv was an earnest worker in whatever he undertook. He was elected deputy from this diocese to the General Triennial Conventions of 1901, 1904 and 1910, serving on several important commit- tees on both conventions. He was a mem- ber of the Qerical Union, and of the Church Congress, serving as a member of the exe- cutive committee. For many years he was the leading spirit in the Qiarity Organiza- tion Society in Elizabeth, having been one of the incorporators in 1903. He was a member of the executive board as well as chairman of the case committee, but for more than a year prior to his death, he had been obliged to abandon his activities in this direction. Many improvements were made in and around the church during his incum- bency, one of them being the erection of the parish hall in East Scott Place. He main- tained the surpliced choir for men and boys which had been organized by his predeces- sor ; and instituted the choir festival which was held once a year ; and also instituted the Guild of St. Paul. Dr. Oberly was a Republican in his polit- ical opinions ; was a member of Beta Beta Chapter of Psi Upsilon fraternity, and of the Psi Upsilon Club of New York City. His literary ability was of a very high or- der, his published works, "Testimony of the Prayer Book to the Continuity of the Church," a "Catechism," in four parts, and many articles for newspapers and maga- zines, sacred and secular. Four years prior to his death Dr. Oberly underwent a serious operation in a hospital in New York City. Only a short time previously, while return- ing with his wife from a trip to Italy and Switzerland, they were wrecked on the voy- age, losing all their baggage, as did most of the other passengers. Dr. Oberly married, in Trinity Church. New York, October 2, 1 871, Jane Averell, only daughter of Theo- dore T. S. and Jane Webb (.Averell) Laid- ley, the former a colonel of ordnance, in the United States army. This article can find no better close than a few extracts from 296 C\ I .l;~ ?aid of Dr. Oi> -' ,h by eminent rri' The Rev. Lytleton E. Hr.r:. . John's Qiurch, said i'. . '■>wn Dr. Oberly onh ' -.luently seen t helpful !■ et tne chv.- . .-r. His lir • / impressici iend. he Rev. J. Fr'- .^ce Church, dec! ■ .i I position 01 hurch. In 'ipinions alwa}' "it influence in Winhcld S. , said in .pa:' ;iy fellow V. away is a li ^>' parish and c, nununrLy. spected by his brethren in tb. a man of influence in the ;■■ 'iocese. His loss will l>e dper of his O'-- work of hi .01 01 L.:.:.-, v,i. .!:._!:. ScfierHer v,ii(-i.-riiit-e!i' CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY cestor exiled from his native land for "con- science sake." His father was Charles E. Young, his grandfather John Young, a Newark leather manufacturer and eminent business man, conceded generally to have been the first leather manufacturer to estab- lish in Newark. From such progenitors, came Henry Young, Sr., and to their vir- tues and talents, he added his own qualities of mind, the polish of a university educa- tion and a charming personality. Robert Young, founder of the family in America, was a Scotchman, who settled in Newark in 1696, with his family and other of his countrymen. Two of his sons, David and John, settled in Hanover, Morris coun- ty. New Jersey. David Young was an or- dained minister of the Presbyterian church, married, and left issue. Among his grand- sons was David Young, the astronomer. John, the other son of Robert Young "the founder," died in Hanover in 1783, aged seventy-three years. Among his descend- ants was another John Young, founder of the Newark branch. John Young, of the fourth American gen- eration, was born in Hanover, Morris coun- ty, about 1776, and died in Newark, New Jersey, February 15, 1854. In 1829 he mov- ed from Hanover to Newark, where he is universally credited with having been the first manufacturer of leather. He was for years associated with George Dougherty in the manufacture of Morocco leather, then a new article of manufacture, and an industry that has made Newark famous as its chief seat of manufacture. This firm, if not the first in leather manufacturing, was first in the manufacture of Morocco. John Young while in Morris county, was a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Morris- town, and on coming to Newark, joined by letter, the Third Presbyterian Church of that city. He married Catherine Tuttle. Charles E. Young, son of John and Cath- erine (Tuttle) Young, was born in Whip- pany, Alorris county. New Jersey, February 19. 1816 and died in Newark, in 1898. one 298 of the most active and enterprising men of his day. He began business life as a dry goods merchant, later associating with his father in leather manufacture. He devel- oped the business and made their Morocco department the most important in the city. He was a potent factor in the organization of many financial and commercial enter- prises, including the National State Bank and the Newark board of trade. He mar- ried Charlotte Wilbur, daughter of Rodney and Charlotte (Denman) Wilbur, of New ark. and maternal granddaughter of Mat- thias Denman. Dr. Charles Young, eldest son of Charles E. Young, was one of New- ark's most eminent physicians and surgeons for forty years prior to his retirement. Henry Young, second son of Qiarles E. and Charlotte (Wilbur) Young, was born October 24, 1844, and died at his Newark hoine, 1078 South Broad street, March 30, 1908. He early developed rare mental qual- ities, passing through preparatory schools and entering Princeton University at the age of fifteen years, as a member of the sophomore class. He completed a full course and was graduated with honor, class of "62" but his youth prevented his receiv- ing his degree until arriving at the age of twenty-one, three years later. After leav- ing Princeton he prepared for the profes- sion of law under Frederick Theodore Fre- linghuysen, of Newark, and at Harvard Law School. He was admitted to the New Jer- sey bar as an attorney in 1865 and as coun- sellor in 1868. In 1867 he was appointed Assistant United States District Attorney, and in 1873 was elected city counsel by the Newark common council. Such was the value placed upon his legal services by the city fathers that he served in that office by successive reappointments until 1884. This was a period of distrust, defalcation and partisan dispute in Newark, and fortunate indeed was the city to have had so efficient and capable a head of the law department. He bore himself with such absolute impar- tiality, was so just, honorable and courage- i ^ '^ ^, CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ous, that he stood in public estimation as the most capable counsel the city or State had ever possessed. From 1884 until 1903 Mr. Young was engaged in private practice in Newark, but in 1903 he accepted at the hands of Mayor Doremus, a reappointment as city counsel. He served until 1904, then resigned to accept from Governor Murphy, the position of Prosecutor of Pleas for Es- sex county. Four years later his earthly career ended. Mr. Young was learned in the law, es- pecially of municipalities and the relation they bore to New Jersey law. He was sought for in consultation and his opinions were of great weight. His high position at the New Jersey bar was fairly won and un- disputed by his brethren of the profession, who acknowledged his intellectual attain- ment, legal learning and personal graces. He was a member of many legal bodies, includ- ing the bar association of his own State and the Lawyers' Club of Newark. His friends were many among all classes and at his fun- eral, the highest men in the State vied with the lowly to do him honor. Chief Justice Gummere, Vice Qiancellor Emery, Gover- nor Murphy, Frederick Frelinghuysen, Jay Newton Van Ness, Oscar Keen, Cortlandt Parker, Jr., J. O. Pitney and George W. Hubbell were pall bearers, and in the thronged North Reformed Church sat many men distinguished in State and Nation. Mr. Young was one of the governors of the Essex Club, and a member of the North Reformed Church of Newark. In both or- ganizations he took a deep interest, and in both he was deeply beloved and highly es- teemed. His courtesy was unfailing, his devotion to every duty, supreme, his kindly friendliness never wanting, and his prin- ciple, lofty. He was a man of real worth to his city, a tower of strength as an advo- cate and a friend who never failed. Mr. Young married Margaret, daughter of James K. and Mary (Kellogg) Hitch- cock, of Utica, New York. Children : Henry (2), a prominent lawyer of Newark ; 299 Stuart Adams, also an honored member of the Essex county bar ; Roger, a business man of Newark. ROPES, David Nichols, Enterprising Citizen, Public Official. During a career of signal activity and use- fulness, the late David Nichols Ropes did much to further the industrial, civic and economic progress of the State of New Jer- sey, and his influence in promoting the var- ious affairs of the community honored by his residence was both potent and farreach- ing. He stood as a type of the steadfast, honest, honorable and upright business man and loyal and public spirited citizen, and his fine intellectual powers materially increased his usefulness and prestige as one of the noble workers of the world. The entire course of his life was dominated by the same high sense of duty that prompted him to tender his services in support of all right- eous causes, and he maintained an inviolable hold upon the respect and esteem of all who knew him. A man of firm convictions, broad minded, keen and distinct individual- ity, he made his life count for good in all its relations, and it is most appropriate that a tribute of some length be paid him in this memorial volume. Pie was a descendant of English and Huguenot stock which can be traced for a number of generations. .-Xc- cording to Burke's "Landed Gentry," the original spelling of the name was Roope, and we find the pedigree entered in the Col- lege of Arms, October 11, 1600, as follows: Arms : Argent, a lion, rampant, per fesse, gules and vert, between seven pheons, azure. Crest : A cock pheasant, combed and wat- tled gules. Motto: Nulla rosa sine spinnis. George Ropes, the immigrant ancestor of David Nichols Ropes, came to America j)rior to 1636, according to the records of the General Court, in the employ of Mr. Gar- ford. He was litigant in a lawsuit in 1637. After his term of indenture with Mr. Gar- ford had expired, he returned to England CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY in 1638 and was to have twenty acres of land upon his return to America. He was a carpenter by trade. His wife, Mary, was admitted to Salem church, May 15, 1642, prior to which year he had returned there, and died in June, 1670, in that town. His widow died in 1691. Children: George, Jonathan, Sarah, Mary, John, William, Abi- gail and Samuel. George was killed in King Philip's War. John Ropes, son of George and Mary Ropes, was baptized at Salem, Massachu- setts, July 4, 1647. He bought land at Newbury in 1702, and later other tracts, and his son, Nathan, was appointed ad- ministrator of his estate July 19, 1722. He married, March 25, 1669, Lydia Wells. Children, born at Salem : Benjamin, Lydia, Mary, John, Samuel, Elizabeth and Na- thaniel. Samuel Ropes, son of John and Lydia (Wells) Ropes, was born at Salem, Janu- ary 24, 1686-87, and died October 12, 1761. He married, January 12, 1709-10, Lydia Neal, daughter of Joseph and Judith (Croad) Neal. Children, born at Salem: Lydia, Lydia (second), Samuel, Joseph and Benjamin. Benjamin Ropes, son of Samuel and Ly- dia (Neal) Ropes, was born at Salem, March 22, 1721-22, and died April 20, 1790. He was a cooper, lived in Salem, and owned much land there. He was a mem- ber of Dr. Whittaker's church, afterward of Dr. Hopkin's church, of which he was deacon. He married, March 27, 1746, Ruth Hardy, who died in December, 1795 ; she was a daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Pick- ering) Hardy : great-granddaughter of Lieutenant John and Alice (Flint) (Bul- lock) Pickering: and great-great-grand- daughter of John Pickering, the immigrant ancestor from England. Timothy Ropes, son of Benjamin and Ruth (Hardy) Ropes, was born in Salem, April 9, 1773, and died February 17, 1848. He was a cooper and later a master ma- riner. Together with his brother, Hardy. he bought the homestead property from the other heirs for the sum of two thou- sand dollars, later purchasing Hardy's share from him for $1,333, ^nd thus be- came the sole proprietor. He married Sarah Delhonde, born September 15, 1775, a daughter of Thomas and Sarah (Holmes) Delhonde. Thomas Delhonde was a prom- inent physician of Boston in his day. His father. Dr. John Delhonde, was born in France, and being of the Protestant de- nomination, was obliged to flee that coun- try to avoid religious persecution after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. He emi- grated to America and made his home in Boston. Mr. and Mrs. Ropes had several children. David Nichols Ropes, son of Timothy and Sarah (Delhonde) Ropes, was born in Salem, Massachusetts, December 5, 1814, and died in Orange, New Jersey, July 23, 1889. His education was mainly ac- quired in the town of his birth, where he attended the academy and the high school. He was but sixteen years of age when he entered upon what proved in the course of years to be an unusually active business ca- reer. His first venture was in the crockery business in Salem, where, in association with his brother, Timothy, he opened a small store. Close attention to their bus- iness enabled them to gain a large amount of experience, and two years later he with his brother George went to Portland, Maine, where in 1832, they became the first manufacturers of table cutlery in the United States, the actual work being done in Saccarappa, Maine. They were the in- ventors and patentees of American table knives. Until they were burned out some years later, they carried on this industry very successfully. After this event, Mr. Ropes went to Meriden, Connecticut, and there entered into a business association with Julius Pratt, the firm operating under the style of Pratt, Ropes, Webb & Com- pany, this being the forerunner of the Mer- iden Cutlery Company, whose products be- 300 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY came known throughout the civihzed world. The interests of the company re- quiring a man of abihty in New York City, Mr. Ropes assumed charge there in 1855. He became practically interested in the In- dia Rubber Comb Company about 1862, was subsequently elected to the vice-presi- dency, and was one of the largest stock- holders. After coming to New York for business reasons, Mr. Ropes selected Newark as a place of residence, but after a few months, removed to Orange, New Jersey, in October, 1855, and lived in that section until his lamented death. The fol- lowing spring he bought a house and lot at the corner of High and White streets, en- larged and improved the house, purchased a quantity of adjoining land, and made this dwelling his home until 1888. Some of the tracts he purchased were on Park avenue, Washington and Day streets, Valley Road, and other sections. He opened streets through the lands he purchased in all direc- tions, and extended High street to Park avenue. He made many improvements on his property, divided it into building lots, erected attractive houses, and assisted ma- terially in the development of the Oranges. The amount he spent in grading his prop- erty, alone amounted to more than $100,- 000. In the matter of transportation facil- ities he was one of the leading spirits of the section, and instituted many new ideas. His property was crossed by the Watch- ung railroad, which ran through it from southwest to northeast, and it was distinct- ly through the personal efiforts and the per- sonal financial support of Mr. Ropes that this road was constructed. The original charter had been obtained for a horse rail- road, but as changing conditions made a steam road a necessity, a supplement was added to the charter, enabling the word horse to be eliminated, and a steam road was commenced as a branch of the Mont- clair railroad. This last mentioned com- pany became bankrupt before the comple- tion of the new branch, and Mr. Ropes, 301 with his usual energy and business fore- sight, assumed the greater part of the re- sponsibility of finishing the Watchung branch. For a long time the conduct of this work and its later operation resulted only in pecuniary loss to Mr. Ropes, un- til it became a feeder for the Erie Road. In order to secure a right of way for this branch it was necessary for him to make many additional purchases of land, and these added to the property already in his possession made him an extensive land owner. Everything he did was done on a most generous scale ; he graded the streets he cut through, curbed, and often flagged them, then deeded them to the city. He sold many of his lots at a profit, and could have sold many more in the same manner, had he not added too many re- strictions in his deeds. During i860 and 1870, when the values were very high, he made many of these purchases, and found it necessary to carry mortgages on a large quantity of the property. When the panic of 1873 caused such widespread disaster, Mr. Ropes was obliged to part with much of his property under foreclosure proceed- ings, the greater part of his fortune being lost in this manner. With the little prop- erty he managed to retain he continued business for a time in New York, then opened a real estate ofifice in Orange, and there disposed of the property he still owned to the best advantage. In 1877 the city of Orange, with a view of obtaining a supply of water for public use, caused six driven wells to be opened north of Park avenue and near the West Orange line, these being on the property of Mr. Ropes. The supply of water was apparently inex- haustible and analysis by Professor Leeds, of Stevens Institute of Technology, showed it to be equal to spring water, and free from all impurities, Mr. Ropes submitted the matter to the West Orange Township Committee, October 12, 1887, but this val- uable and excellent water supply was not accepted. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY In political belief Mr. Ropes was a strong Abolitionist, and while a resident of Port- land, Maine, his house was known as being one of the stations of the "underground railroad," used so frequently by the escap- ing slaves. In 1856 he was one of the origi- nators of the Republican party in Orange, and was prominent in the Lincoln campaign. He was a leading spirit in securing the in- corporation of the city of Orange, and was radically opposed to the separation of East and West Orange from the city proper. In 1864 he was elected mayor of Orange, was re-elected the following year, and was a member of the common council as a repre- sentative from the Second Ward from 1866 to 1872, inclusive. While serving in these offices he displayed a devotion to the inter- ests of the community which earned for him the commendation of political foe as well as friend. The cause of education always found in him a warm and strong supporter, and he was one of the three trustees ap- pointed under the "Central" School Dis- trict, in April, 1862. at which time an at- tempt was made to consolidate all the schools of the Ashland, Central and St. Mark's districts into one. His efforts to in- crease the efficiency of the schools in his jurisdiction finally resulted in the separa- tion of West Orange and its erection as a township. He was one of the founders of The New England Society, of Orange, and served as president, vice-president, and counsellor of this body. His nature was a strong one, but it was one rather of action than of words. At an early day he was a member of the New Church Society (Swed- enborgian), but at first while living at Orange he attended the Orange Valley Con- gregational Church. He was of a generous and kindly nature, and his charities were frequent and widespread, but bestowed, wherever this was possible, in a quiet and unostentatious manner. Mr. Ropes married, October 6, 1846, Lydia L. Bisbee. Mr. and Mrs. Ropes were the parents of children as follows: i. Charles Franklin, born December 10, 1847, died in 1889. He married in California, and had two children : Eleanor and Ger- trude. 2. Clara, born 1850, who has also been president of the Board of Managers of the East Orange Homeopathic Dispen- sary, married, in 1874, Professor Charles Jenkins Prescott, born in 1832, died Sep- tember 20, 1902, a descendant of James Prescott, of Hampton Falls, New Hamp- shire, 1643, who came to this country from Lincolnshire, England. 3. John Bisbee, deceased. 4. Albert Barrett, deceased. 5. Edith, deceased. 6. Arthur Dudley. Mrs. Prescott has one son: Standish, born in Orange, .\pril 25, 1875, is in the Engineer- ing Department of the New York Central Railroad Company ; he is unmarried and makes his home with his mother in Orange. Mrs. Lydia Laurelia (Bisbee) Ropes, wife of David Nichols Ropes, always a con- tributor to the various philanthropic in- stitutions of the Oranges and one of the founders of many of them, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, Augu.st 10, 1826, daughter of Rev. John Bisbee, of Plymp- ton, Massachusetts, who was a lineal de- scendant of Miles Standish, and also of John and Priscilla (Mullins) .Mden, and of his wife, Mercy B. Bisbee, who after the death of Rev. John Bisbee became the wife of Captain Daniel Jackson, of Plymouth, and later she became one of the first woman physicians of Homeopathy in the United States. After the removal of Mr. and Mrs. Ropes to Orange, New Jersey, in 1855, she at once became one of the leading workers in all good movements among the women of the Oranges. She was one of the fifteen charter members of the Woman's Club of Orange, organized in 1872, and it was large- ly through her personality and those as- sociated with her that the club grew into its present usefulness. She occupied the office of president in the club from 1876 to 1884, inclusive, and held the confidence and re- spect of the members during that time, as 302 (^^^ic^ ^sr. ^y^^^-^jL/ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY she did during all the years of her life, and her administration was one of the most prosperous. She wrote a history of the club for the Chicago Exposition covering the twenty-one years since its organization. This was most fortunate as immediately after, all the club papers were destroyed by fire. She was interested in and supported both morally and financially, the work of the Orange Bureau of Associated Charities from its incorporation in 1884, and through her generosity five hundred dollars was set aside by the bureau as the nucleus for a permanent fund to teach Household Econ- omy to the families dealt with by the So- ciety, or for any purpose for which the or- ganization may wish to use it. She was one of the directors of the first Even- ing School established in Orange before the Young Men's Christian Association was organized and which was carried on two winters under the auspices of the Woman's Club. She was president of the Homeo- pathic Hospital, and when this was dis- banded the Homeopathic Dispensary was opened with the same Board of Governors. She was president of the dispensary for many years and remained on the board until her death. She was also an honorary member of the Board of Managers of the Essex County Homeopathic Hospital, in which she took a keen interest. By donating a piece of property to be used as a site or to be sold and the proceeds to be used for a fund for a public bath, she assisted ma- terially in establishing that institution, which has proven to be a source of benefit and recreation to many people. Mrs. Ropes was a charter member of the New Church (Swedenborgian) of Orange, joining in 1866, and was a regular attendant at the services, taking an active interest in the work of the various societies contiectcd therewith. Mrs. Ropes died March 21, 1910, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Clara Prescott, with whom she had lived for twenty-three years, aged eighty-four years. Mrs. Ropes 303 was a firm friend, generous and staunch, and a loving and tender wife and mother. Thus she lived, and thus she died, always actuated by a spirit of love and duty and commanding the respect and esteem of all with whom she came in contact during her active and useful career. Always progres- sive and ready to help any cause which looked forward to the uplift of humanity, she will be remembered in years to come, as she has been in the past, not alone be- cause of her activity in the philanthropies of the Oranges, but for her deep and friend- ly interest in everyone with whom she as- sociated. Almost her last words were: "I did not know I had so many friends," show- ing thus she had forgotten or was uncon- scious how many she had befriended. The high esteem in which Mr. Ropes was universally held was partly evidenced by the well nigh innumerable letters of condolence, resolutions, editorials, etc., which appeared at the time of his death, but the limits of this memoir will permit us to reproduce but one example of them. It is a minute entered upon the records of the New England So- ciety, and reads as follows : "Few men have lived and died among us leav- ing a record of a purer and more useful life than our late associate and friend Mr. David N. Ropes. Born in New England of the best Puritan blood and tracing his lineage back to the Hugue- nots of France, he was just such a man as the union of all that was noble and good in these two great forces of the Reformation might be ex- pected to produce. Elements of character derived from both, made him the well balanced man he was, uniting with the stern integrity of the one. the gentleness of the other in all those acts of life which endeared him so signally to all who came within tlie sphere of his influence and knew him but to honor and respect. Born in 1814, in the old City of .Salem, Mass., just as the present century was entering upon its stupendous prog- ress in all avenues of man's activities and re- ceiving the education of the common school and academy, he early left the paternal roof to enter upon the rough ways of life and battle, as thou- sands of the brave boys of New England have done for fortune, reputation and usefulness to his fellow men. Carrying with him the early im- planted principles of honesty and integrity into CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY an active life he could not be other than he was, tlie energetic man of business, the uncompromis- ing advocate of the right, the friend of the slave, the foe of injustice, the helper of the needy and the wise counsellor in matters of public policy and public welfare. "In the organization of this Society he was from the first a trusted counsellor, for several years Vice-President, and for two years our worthy and respected President. In all its activi- ties he bore an efficient part and from his intimate knowledge of the wants of our vicinity, he gave most important aid and counsel to those plans and efforts of this Society on behalf of the public welfare which have done so much to beautify our neighborhood and render it, as it is, the delightful home of an enlightened and pros- perous people. "His efforts in the practical realization and accomplishment of many of the improvements we now enjoy, may be best appreciated by our daily experiences and need not be here enumerated. While we recall with tenderest sympathy the financial embarrassment that in the great re- vulsion fell upon him without fault on his part and from circumstances beyond his control or human knowledge to forsee, we cannot but admire the fortitude, the manliness and Christian spirit with which he met them and labored and toiled, oftentimes against hope, to protect the rights and interests of those whose confidence he had shared in brighter days. It may be said truly of him, that in all the relations of public and private life, he acted well his part, and departing left behind him a reputation for uprightness, honesty and charity, unsullied by a blemish to mar his character or lessen our respect. " 'He was a man More apt through inborn gentleness to err In giving mercy's tide too free a course. Than with a thrifty and Illiberal hand To circumscribe its channel.' " PIERSON. William, M. D., Physician, Surgeon, Model Citizen. Among those wlio have attained distinct prestige in the practice of medicine and surgery in the State of New Jersey, and ■whose success came as the logical sequence of thorough technical information and nat- ural predilection, and that syinpathy and tact which are an absolute essential in the profession, was Dr. William Pierson, late of Orange, New Jersey, whose family was represented in the medical profession for a number of successive generations. His family is one of the old ones of the State, and a few words concerning the earlier generations are not out of place here. Thomas Pierson Sr. came with the Branford settlers of Newark in 1666, and was one of the signers of the "Funda- mental Agreement." He had a number of parcels of land granted him, and was a weaver by trade. In his will, dated 1698, he names children : Samuel, Thomas, Han- nah, Abigail, Elizabeth and Mary ; son, Sam. Lyon. Samuel Pierson, eldest child of Thomas Sr. and Alaria (Harrison) Pierson, was born in Branford, Connecticut, in 1663, and was three years of age when brought by his parents to Newark. Doubtless he removed with his father to Watsessing some years later. He was a carpenter by trade, and took up a tract of land between the First and Second Mountains, being one of the first settlers there. The first men- tion of his name is as one of the organizers of the Mountain Society, and he was a dea- con and one of the leaders in this organi- zation. He died March 19, 1730, and is buried in the "old graveyard." He married Mary Harrison, daughter of his uncle. Ser- geant Richard Harrison. Children : Joseph, Samuel, James, Caleb, Jemima, Mary, Han- nah. Samuel Pierson, son of Samuel and Mary (Harrison) Pierson, was born at the homestead between the First and Second Mountains, in 1698, and died in 1781. He resided on the farm all his life ; was elected deacon of the First Church in 1748, and served in this office continuously until his death. He married Mary Sergeant, and had children : Eunice, Rebecca, Samuel, John, Matthias, Mary, Joseph, Joanna and Zenas. Dr. Matthias Pierson, son of Samuel and Mary (Sergeant) Pierson, was born at the Pierson homestead, June 20, 1734, and died May 9, 1809. He was a student at Prince- 304 l^^t-^-l^l. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ton College, and later studied medicine, but did not commence to practice this profes- sion until almost thirty years of age. He was the first and for many years the only physician in the mountain region, his pro- fessional work covering the section now known as the Oranges, Bloomfield and Caldwell, and extending to the border of Morris county. Early in the course of his practice he removed to a house near the cen- ter of the village, this being located on the present site of the Central Presbyterian Church on Main street. He was an active worker in the interests of education, and be- came one of the incorporators of the Orange Academy in 1783. During the War of the Revolution, while he was not engaged in actual military service, his work in behalf of the patriot cause was of the most effec- tive character. He and his family, as well as almost all of the citizens of Newark, had sought safety in the mountains during the Hessian raid, and his house was occupied by the British while they remained in New- ark. Dr. Pierson married Phebe Nutman, who died in 1826, a daughter of Isaac Nut- man. Children : Nancy, Sarah, Isaac, Mat- thias, William, Mary and Harriet. Dr. Isaac Pierson, son of Dr. Matthias and Phebe (Nutman) Pierson, was born in Orange, New Jersey, August 15, 1770. The Orange Academy furnished his preparatory education, and he was graduated from Princeton College in the class of 1789. Hav- ing completed the studies necessary to ob- tain his degree as a Doctor of Medicine, he became associated with his father in profes- sional work, and his practice extended over a widely extended section of the country. For many years he was a member of the Medical Society of New Jersey, and served as president of this body in 1827. He took a prominent part in the public aflfairs of the county, served for a time as sheriff of Es- sex county, and was a member of the Twen- tieth and Twenty-first sessions of the Con- gress of the United States. In 1821 he was one of the incorporators of the "Orange ,105 II— 20 Spring Company," which developed the fa- mous chalybeate springs in what is now Hutton Park. Dr. Pierson married Nancy Crane, daughter of Aaron Crane. Chil- dren : William, Albert, Phebe S., Fanny, George, Edward, Aaron, Isaac, Harriet and Sarah Ann. Dt. William Pierson Sr., son of Dr. Isaac and Nancy (Crane) Pierson, was born in CJrange, December 4, 1796. One of his brothers, Rev. Albert Pierson, was a well known and successful teacher, and another, Rev. George Pierson, was the first pastor of the Second Presbyterian, or Brick Church, of Orange. Dr. Pierson received his preparatory education at the Orange Academy, and was graduated from the Col- lege of New Jersey at Princeton, in the class of 1816. Under the able preceptor- ship of his father he commenced the study of medicine, then continued these studies at the University of Pennsylvania, and at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. He received his degree as Doctor of Medicine and his license from the Medical Society of New Jersey in 1820, and was the recording secretary of this as- sociation for thirty years. His practice was an extended one. In public affairs he was an important factor. He served as a member of the New Jersey Legislature in 1837-38; a director of the Board of Free- holders; sheriff of Essex county, 1846-50; was active in the construction of the Mor- ris & Essex Railroad ; a corporator of the Newark Savings Institution, and for many years its vice-president ; when the town of Orange was incorporated, he was elected as its first mayor, served three successive years, and was then a member of the Com- mon Council for another three years ; he was the originator and one of the corpor- ators of the Rosedak Ceinetery, of Orange, in 1840, and active as a trustee until almost the close of his life. Dr. Pierson married Margaret Hillyer, daughter of Rev. Asa Hillyer, D. D., for many years pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Orange. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Children: Jane Riker, Anne, William, Ed- ward Dickson, and Margaret Riker. Dr. William Pierson Jr., son of Dr. Wil- liam Pierson Sr. and Margaret (Hill- yer) Pierson, was born in Orange, New Jersey, November 20, 1830, and died June 12, 1900. He inherited his love of the med- ical profession from his worthy ancestors, and early began a course of study especially adapted to the work he intended to follow. After a thorough preparatory course at the Newark Academy, the Flushing Institute, and under private tuition, he matriculated at the Medical Department of the University of New York, and was graduated from this institution in the class of 1852 with the de- gree of Doctor of Medicine. The honorary degree of Master of Arts was later confer- red upon him by Nassau Hall, Princeton, New Jersey. He had also pursued his studies under the preceptorship of his father, and was for a time house physician of the Charity Hospital, and later at the Brook- lyn City Hospital. For a time he was as- sociated with his father -in his professional work, also with Dr. Crane, and then made a specialty of surgery, in which branch he earned great distinction. For many years he was the only operating obstetrician in the Oranges, and he was in great demand as a consulting physician. His professional labors engrossed his time and attention to ^ such an extent that there was but little left to devote to the public affairs of the com- munity, but his deep interest in the cause of education could not be entirely sup- pressed even by his professional work. For many years he was a member of the Board of Education, was elected the first president of this body, and served capably in this office for twelve consecutive years. He was an impressive and influential advocate for the higher education of the masses, and greatly raised the standard of education in the city in which he resided. Both as a member and as an official he was connected with numerous and varied organizations, a condensed list of which is here given. As a 306 director and for some time vice-president of the Orange Bank, he assisted in its man- agement ; member of the New Jersey State Medical Society, served as its secretary many years commencing from 1866, and was later its president; member of the Essex County District Medical Society, and also served as president; one of the founders of the New Jersey Academy of Medicine; member of the Orange Mountain Medical Society, which was organized at his home ; member of the old Medical Union of Newark ; the American Medical Associa- tion ; Princeton Club of Newark ; the Orange Princeton Society of Orange; the State Sanitary Society. In the proceedings of these organizations may be found many contributions from his pen, some as formal papers read before the members, others as reports of interesting cases. When he rose in a meeting he was always listened to with respect and close attention; his manner of speaking and writing was logical, concise and direct. The trend of his mind was toward the practical, and he was always ready to give a fair trial to new methods of operation, comparing them with care with the older methods in vogue. He was attending surgeon at the Orange Memorial Hospital ; consulting surgeon of St. Mary's Hospital, Morristown; consulting surgeon of St. Barnabas' Hospital, Newark ; attend- ing physician at Seton Hall College of South Orange and at the Orange Orphans' Home; attending surgeon and medical director of St. Michael's Hospital, Newark. During the Civil War, Dr. Pierson was sur- geon of the board of enrollment of the Fourth Congressional District of New Jer- sey, and was volunteer surgeon on the Gov- ernor's staff. He was several times as- signed to duty on the battlefield, where he rendered important service as surgeon of the Sanitary Commission. He was justly proud of his ancestors on both sides, many of them having achieved distinction in each generation. His great-grandfather. Lieu- tenant Abraham Riker, served in the Con- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY tinental army prior to the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and the origi- nal commission is still in existence in the home of the doctor, dated at Philadelphia, June 20, 1775, signed by John Hancock. Dr. Pierson married Isabel F. Adams, daughter of B. F. Adams, of Chicago, son of Benjamin Adams, born in 1763; son of Benjamin Adams, born in 1728; son of Thomas Adams, and grandson of Thomas Adams; son of William Adams, the an- cestor, born in England, 1594, came to America in 1628, and settled in Ipswich. Dr. and Mrs. Pierson had children : Mar- garet, Louise and Isabel. Following are a few extracts from a me- morial of Dr. William Pierson, read be- fore the New England Society of Orange, October 6, 1900, by Hon. Frederic Adams : "I need not enumerate the positions of trust that he occupied in business enterprises and financial institutions; they were such as naturally fell to a man with a decided capacity for affairs. He understood the value of money, and he under- stood also that elusive and inscrutable thing, perilous as the sound of the Sirens, the value of land. Having in his composition nothing of the visionary or speculator, he easily escaped the rocks MM which less wary men were shipwrecked and, investing with cautious boldness, in im- proved or immediately improved real estate, he early I cgan to lay the foundation of what came to be a competent fortune. I am not competent to iuush." He was a man of great business ability, and of deeply generous impulse and public spirit. To his sons he left the priceless legacy of an honored name, and to them committed the care of the business he had developed. Under John P. Whit- ney the business grew to large proportions, giving at one time employment to about one thousand operatives, and producing over six million bottles annually. Besides five furnaces at Glassboro, the company operated a plant at Salem, New Jersey, owned a plant at Blairsville, Pennsylvania, and a window glass plant at South Glass- boro. To the Whitneys belong the credit of introducing tnany improvements in glass manufacturing, the result of years of costly experiment, and it was largely through them that the recognized standard of efficiency in machine bottle blowing was reached. To the head of this great busi- ness George Dudley Whitney, a lawyer practicing in Philadelphia, was called upon the resignation of his brother, John P. Whitney, in 1907. While all his previous training had been professional, he relin- (]uished the position he had gained at the Philadelphia bar, and until his death faith- fully and capably administered the trust confided to him. He had inherited execu- tive ability from his honored father, Thom- as H. Whitney, whose whole life was de- voted to business, and in addition pos- sessed a clear, logical, well trained, judi- cial mind, strengthened by his college training and years of legal practice. His brothers, Thomas H., Samuel A., and Cut- ler Whitney, were associated with him, and now represent the Whitney name in the glass manufacturing business. A sister, Fannie, married Frank C. Hatch, of Bos- ton. George Dudley Whitney was born at "Holly Bush," the family homestead in Glassboro, March 22, 1872, and died Febru- ary 24, 19 1 5. youngest son of Thomas H. and Josephine (Whitney) Whitney. He passed through an extended course of pre- paratory study in the best schools, then en- tered Princeton University, whence he was graduated A. B., class of 1894. He then prepared for the legal profession, graduat- ing from the Columbia University of Wash- ington. D. C, was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Philadelphia, where he successfully established a lucrative business. After the resignation of his brother, John P. Whitney, from the presidency of the Whitney Glass Works, a position he had capably filled for nearly twenty-five years, George D. Whitney succeeded him as ex- ecutive head of the business that had been so long and so efficiently operated in the Whitney name. He gave up his legal prac- tice, and devoted all his energies to the management of the business. The blowing 320 / U/^jy /S cLn/i^-L-^A^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of glass bottles has been an industry that has witnessed many changes, has passed through periods of great prosperity and cor- responding depression, but the Whitney works have steadily progressed and to the Whitney brothers the honor of the present high standard of excellence in machine bot- tle blowing is largely due. A Republican in politics, Mr. Whitney took deep interest in party success, serving for years on the executive committee of the Gloucester County Republican Central Committee. He never sought office, and when without his consent he was made a member of the county Board of Freeholders, he but served his term, then positively de- clined re-elections. He was a member of St. Thomas' Protestant Episcopal Church, a vestryman and treasurer. He was a mem- ber of the Union League, University and Princeton clubs, of Philadelphia, and in that city, as everywhere, was highly esteemed. He was a man of high character, cultured and literary in his tastes, a gentleman al- ways, courteous and companionable. He never married, but always maintained his residence in Glassboro, his home a beautiful country estate. The funeral of ]\Ir. Whitney was largely attended, many Philadelphians being pres- ent to testify the love and respect they felt toward their dead friend. Reverend Charles Bratten Dubell, rector of St. Thomas', con- ducted the services, after which he was laid with his fathers in the family plot in the churchyard. St. Thomas' has ever been near and dear to the Whitney heart, an attrac- tive stone church edifice belonging to the parish in ( ilassboro having been erected by Thomas H. and Samuel A. Whitney many years ago. BARNETT, William Hall, Business Man, Ideal Citizen. \^'illiam Hall Barnett, who for many years was identified with the financial and business world of Newark, and not less closely with its religious and charitable interests, came to that city when but a year old, from which time until his death he made his home there. Growing up with it at the time of its largest development, he formed for himself a prominent place in its active life, and left behind him the name not only of a practical, successful man, but also of a philanthropist whose interest lay ever in the betterment of his city and the assistance of the more unfortunate among its inhabitants. Mr. Barnett was a native of South Car- olina, having been born on the twenty- seventh day of April, 1847, in the city of Columbia, in that state, the second of the three sons of James G. and Mary (Hen- drickson) Barnett. His brothers were David H. Barnett, of Columbia, South Car- olina, and James G. Barnett Jr., who was born in Newark after the family had come to that place, and still resides there. In 1848. Mr. Barnett Sr. removed with his family from their southern home and settled in the New Jersey city, where he opened a clothing store and conducted it successfully for many years. It was here that William Hall Barnett received his ed- ucation, first at Dr. Pingrey's school, later at the school of Mr. Grant, and finally at the Newark Academy, from which he grad- uated in 1864. In that year, Mr. Barnett being then seventeen years of age, he joined with his father in the latter's flour- ishing trunk business, and here he re- mained ten years, or until 1874, when he forn.ied a most successful partnership with Henry Elcox for the manufacture and sale of jewelry. But Mr. Barnett had not yet found his permanent berth in the mer- cantile world, and, at length, with T. J. Preston as partner, took up the linseed oil business, in which he was highly success- ful. In 1906, at the age of fifty-nine, he retired entirely from active participation in business life, and devoted himself to those charitable and religious interests which so claimed his attention. The Home II— 21 321 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY for the Friendless was for a long time a matter of special solicitude to him, and he served it in the capacity of trustee and up- on its building committee. He was a de- voted member of the Central Methodist Episcopal Church, and one of its trustees, as well as a trustee of the St. John's Col- ored Church. Besides all these activities, Mr. Barnett found time to engage in social and club life, and a number of organiza- tions, secret and otherwise, named him among their members. He belonged to Kane Lodge, No. 55, Free and Accepted Mason ; Damascus Commandery, Knights Templar ; Salaam Temple, the Scottish Rite bodies ; and w'as also a member of the Es- sex Club. Mr. Barnett was married to Miss Mary Wildin, a daughter of Captain Wildin, of Newark. She died in 1883, leaving him childless. Mr. Barnett's death occurred on January 16, 1913, and he left a considera- ble fortune consisting of real estate and a considerable quantity of stock in the Mur- phy N'arnish Company. To the Central Methodist Church he made a four thou- sand dollar cash bequest. The life of William Hall Barnett exem- plifies in many ways the idea of good citi- zenship, in that it displayed an active in- terest in so many and diverse affairs of the community of which he was a mem- ber. Private and public matters were alike deemed neither too insignificant nor too remote for the bestowal of his personal care and attention, and in Ijoth alike he gave to all that he undertook the best that was in him. BENTLEY, Peter (2nd), Latpyer, Corporation Counsel. Peter Bentley (2d), of Jersey City, son of Peter Bentley Sr., displayed in large de- gree the paternal characteristics, and was a lawyer of excellent attainments, and a marked capacity for large affairs. He was born in Jersey City, December 5, 1845. He attended no public educational institution but received liberal instruction under the tutorship of the Rev. Mr. Van Cleck. From the outset he was marked for the law, by his own disposition and the paternal example, and he early engaged in preparation for his profession, in his father's office, and under his watchful care and solicitude. Mentally, he resembled his father in many respects, and it was said of him that few, if any, at- torneys of his day came to the bar so well grounded in legal knowledge, and concep- tion of its practical application. On being admitted to the bar he was at once received by his father as a partner, and was entrust- ed with the entire care of ofifice business. Af- ter the death of his father he became senior member of the firm of Bentley & Harts- horne ; this partnership was dissolved in 1886, and thereafter he practiced alone. While he added largely to his clientele, he retained his father's former clients, who held to him with well-reposed confidence. He frequently championed the cause of his neighbors as his father had done. In a no- table instance, he was the successful counsel in proceedings whereby the unjust water rents on vacant property and upon property where water privileges were not used, were set aside and made inoperative, effecting a great saving to taxpayers. Again, at the time of his death, he was counsel for citi- zens in the proceedings instituted to set aside the entire tax levy on the ground of gross inequality in its assessment. Mr. Bentley was conspicuously successful in safeguard- ing large corporate interests, to the avoid- ance of tedious and expensive litigation. He was leading counsel for the Lehigh \"alley Railroad Company, and counsel for the Standard Oil Company, the Barber Asphalt Company of New York City, and the Prov- ident Institution for Savings and the Con- sumers' Gas Company, both of Jersey City, and he also rendered important professional service to the Pennsvlvania Railroad Com- pany. Mr. Bentley married, November 3, i{ 322 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Emma Parker, of Jersey City, daughter of Captain Robert Parker, the owner of Watts' Island, in Chesapeake Bay, which has been in the Parker family since its first occupa- tion in Colonial times. Children : Eleanor, born July 13, 1871, married Warren H. Dixon, son of the late Justice Dixon, of Jer- sey City; Emily, born December 5, 1872, married John H. Winans; Peter (3d), bom February 6, 1874; Richard Parker, born September 25, 1875 ; John, born June 16, 1879; Eugenie, born December 23, 1881 ; Parker, born June 16, 1884. Mr. Bentley died in Jersey City, April 30, 1888. LINDSLEY, James Hervey, Accomplished Architect. By the death of James Hervey Lindsley, late of East Orange, New Jersey, that town sustained an irreparable loss and was de- prived of the presence of one whom it had come to look upon as a guardian, benefactor and friend. He had fostered many benev- olent and charitable enterprises, was prom- inently connected with many affairs which pertained to the public welfare, was the pro- moter of business interests of farreaching effect in the commercial and financial activ- ity of the town, and especially in his chosen profession, architecture, had rendered no- table service. The Lindsley family is a very ancient one, and the name is variously spelled Linle, Linley, Linsley and Lindsley. It was origi- nally Linesley, and there is a town of that name in County Lancaster, England, where this family had their seat. The coat of arms is as follows: Sable, a lion rampant between eight crosses pattee fitchee argent. Crest : An arm in armour, embowed, hold- ing in the glove a sabre, all proper. The first record of the family in this country concerns John and Francis Linley, from whom all the Americans of this name are descended. These two bearers of the name emigrated from a place not far to the southwest of London, England, and settled in the New Haven Colony about 1640. John Linley took the oath of fidelity to the New Haven Colony, July i, 1644, and his name and that of Francis Linley appear on the New Haven records of the following year in a suit for "damadges" as follows : "Stephen Medcalfe complayned that he was going into the house of John Linley, Fran- cis Linley, his brother, being in the house, told him he would sell him a gunne, the said Stephen asked him if it were a good one, he answered yea, as any was in the towne." The "gunne" proved defective as was shown by the result and the finding of the court. "The court considering the prem- ises, the great damadge Stephen Medcalfe had susteyned in the losse of his eye, wth the losse of his time and the great chardge of the cure, Mr. Pell afiirming it was worth lo"^, ordered Francis Linley to pay to Stephen Medcalfe 2oS damadges." Bran- ford, formerly Totoket, was established as a plantation in 1644 and the names of John and Francis Linley appear on the records in 1646. They were probably among the first planters. John remained at Branford, where he died, his children having settled "ancient Woodbury." Francis came with the first settlers to Newark, and his name appears among the forty additional settlers who signed the "Fundamental Agreement," June 24, 1667. James Hervey Lindsley, son of Peter Lindsley, a well-known builder of Newark, New Jersey, was born in Newark, October 26, 1835, and died August 19, 1899, at Mendham, New Jersey, where he was spending the summer. He was the recipi- ent of an excellent education acquired in the private school conducted by Rev. Hunt, and at other private institutions of learning, one of these being at Succasunna. From his early years he displayed an unusual amount of interest in and talent for the profession of architecture, and his ideas were both original and practical, as well as artistic. He studied this profession with the well known Mr. Hatfield, of New York, remaining the 323 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY associate of this gentleman for a number of years, then located in Newark, New Jersey, with which city his business interests were identified until his death, with the exception of three years, during which he lived in Denver, Colorado. For many years he was the consulting architect of the old Board of Education of the city of Newark, and dur- ing the four years prior to his death held a similar position with the East Orange Board of Education, where his services were ap- preciated to the fullest extent, and under his able supervision the Eastern and Frank- lin schools were enlarged and reconstructed and thus changed into model school build- ings. The Dodd Street public school in East Orange is acknowledged to be one of the finest in the entire country. In political matters iVIr. Lindsley was a stanch Republi- can, but was never desirous of holding pub- lic office, holding the opinion that he was best serving the interests of the cominunity by concentrating his energies in the proper conduct of his professional work, and thus improving the city in this direction. He never, however, neglected to cast his vote in the interests of the Republican party, his first vote being given for General Fremont, rie was very young when he joined the First Baptist Church, now Peddie Memor- ial, of Newark, and for a half a century he was an active and devoted worker in its in- terests. He was a member of the Newark Board of Trade; a Hfe member of the New Jersey Historical Society; a counsellor of the Founders and Patriots of America, being a charter member of the New York Society ; and a member of the Republican Club of East Orange. At the time of his death he was in office as vice-president of the New Jersey Society of Architects, and many of the finest residences, churches and schools of Newark and its vicinity were erected or remodeled by him. His own res- idence was at No. 440 William street, where his funeral services were held. Mr. Lindsley married (first) Eliza .Xgens Bruen, who died in 1881, a descendant of Obadiah Bruen, one of the old settlers of Newark. There were two sons born of this union : Frederick Bruen, a resident of California, and James Mortimer, a resident of St. Louis, Missouri. Mr. Lindsley mar- ried (second) Adele Halsted Dodd, a daughter of Stephen Horton and Letitia (Halsted) Dodd; granddaughter of Sam- uel Tyler Dodd ; and whose line goes through Zebina, David, John, Daniel and Daniel. She was born on the original Dodd tract in East Orange, which consisted of more than five hundred acres of land, and on which six generations of the family had been born : the present Dodd street of East Orange runs through this tract. The Hal- sted family is an old one of Long Island. Letitia (Halsted) Dodd, mother of Mrs. Lindsley, was a daughter of Abram Colyer and Mary A. (Wilson) Halsted; a great- grandmother of Mrs. Lindsley, Elizabeth Colyer, born June 10, 1771, at Jamaica, Long Island, married Philip Halsted. By this second marriage of Mr. Lindsley there was a daughter: Marion Halsted Lindsley, and he was survived by all of his children. Numerous were the resolutions adopted was a daughter, Marion Halsted Lindsley, the letters of condolence received by the bereaved family, and the public expres- sions of regret which appeared in the press. The limits of this article will not permit of their reproduction, but the following ex- tract from the "Peddie Memorial Qiurch Journal" must be accorded a place : "Reference should be made to the loss sus- tained by this Church in the death of our Brother Mr. James H. Lindsley in August last. Mr. Lindsley has been a member of the Music Com- mittee for a number of years, and was specially faithful in his attention to the duties in which he always took a keen and intelligent interest. It is not known by your Committee at what age our Brother departed this life, but in an obituary notice published at the time it was stated that 'he joined the First Baptist Church, now Peddie Memorial, at Newark, at a very early age and for fifty years was active and influential in all good and charitable work.' With the ex- ception of a short period following the change 324 fl rnvr^rhiyi CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY of his residence to Orange. New Jersey, all those years were passed in the fellowship of this Church, for which he had a deep and abiding affection. He was proud of its history, of its influence and of its membership; and loved to speak of them all at the times when others who felt less intensely in these matters would have had nothing to say of Church life or of religious e.xperiences. He was a gentle and humble Chris- tian man, of refined and artistic instincts, of a sweet and lovable disposition. To those whose privilege it was to know him intimately he was most winsome, and his friendship a precious treasure. Your Committee gratefully submits this tribute to the worth and service of our Brother in the hope that same may be made a part of the records of the Church." GOODBODY, Robert, Financier, Model Citizen. Robert Goodbody, a well known finan- cier of New York and New Jersey, was a man who lived up to the standard of char- acter set by a line of distinguished ances- tors, in the energy and probity of his con- duct in the management of the many im- portant interests entrusted to his care. His grandfather, James Perry, was a leading spirit in the construction of the first rail- road between Kingston and Dublin. The careers of such men as Mr. Goodbody show the possibilities open to those who possess good business abilities, and the high integrity common alike to the good citizen and the good business man. His whole life was devoted to the highest and best, and all his endeavors were for the furtherance of those noble ideals he made the rule of his daily life. A nature of sing- ular sweetness, openness and sincerity, he probably never had an enemy. But any estimate of his character would be unjust that did not point to the natural ability and keen mental gifts which he improved by daily and hourly use. He succeeded better than the average business man be- cause he had a wider intellectual equip- ment than the ordinary business man. He had a profound knowledge of human na- ture, and his judgment was sound. 32s Robert Goodbody was born in Clara, Kings county, Ireland, July 25, 1850, and died April 13, 191 1. The schools in his natiVe town furnished his earlier educa- tion, and he then became a student at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, from which he was graduated in the class of 1871 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Later the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him. He was graduated with honors, and a gold medal for excel- lence in mathematics was awarded him. After leaving college he took up the study of law, and passed the necessary examina- tion required to become a solicitor, but never engaged in legal practice. He or- ganized the firm of Goodbody & Webb, stock brokers of Dublin, and became a member of {he Dublin Stock Exchange. This firm, of which he was senior partner, was successfully engaged in business for a number of years. In 1885 Mr. Goodbody came to America, and organized the firm of Goodbody, Glyn & Dow, in New York City, where they were brokers and general dealers in all kinds of securities and investments. They were members of the Stock Exchange, and Mr. Goodbody himself became a member of the Stock E.xchange after he had become naturalized. In 1891 he was the founder of the firm of Goodbody & Company, which i.-^ still in existence at No. 80 Broadway, New York City. So deliberate, well-con- sidered and accurate were his methods of doing business, that he was successful in all his undertakings. In 1899, in associa- tion with several others, he purchased "The Paterson Guardian," and published this for some time. During the first few years of his stay in this country, Mr. Goodbody lived in Orange, New Jersey, but in 1889 he removed to his country seat on the outskirts of Haledon, New Jersey, where he was the owner of many fine acres of park land, covered with beautiful native trees. He was very fond of travel, made annual trips abroad, and as CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY he was a fine speaker, and possessed of rare descriptive power, his conversation on his travels was listened to with pleasure by all who were privileged to hear him. He was active in the political affairs of Passaic county, a Cleveland Democrat, and wielded a wide influence in Paterson and Haledon. While in England he was a Whig of the Calden type. His favorite form of recrea- tion was found in out-door sports, but social amusements also had an attraction for him. He was a member of the Hamilton Club, of Paterson; the New York Whist Club; the University Club of Dublin ; the Reform Club of London; the New York Chamber of Commerce; the North Jersey Country Club, in which he was a member of the Board of Governors, and was at one time its president; and he helped to organize the Areola Country Club. His advice in public affairs was held in high esteem in Haledon, and he served at one time as a member of the school board. He was a fine historical scholar, probably the finest in the county, and a profound student of economics. His death, which was deeply and sincerely re- gretted, cast a gloom over the entire com- munity, and affected many circles in New York City, as well as in England and Ire- land, where he was well known and greatly beloved. The illness which was the cause of his death covered a period of two years, and was of a nervous character, probably brought on by his incessant mental activity. His religious affiliations were with the So- city of Friends. Mr. Goodbody married (first) in 1872, Isabelle Dora Pirn, who died in 1878. He married (second) in 1883, Amy Urwick. He married (third) in 1885, Margaret Jane Pim, who survives him, and is living at the country place at Haledon. His children, who all survive him, are: Isabella S., Han- nah F., Marcus. Thomas P., William U., John L., Dora, Maurice F. T., Agnes E. and Robert. DANIELS, Thomas, Fonnder of an Important Business. In Burlington, New Jersey, one of the tangible works of the life of Thomas Dan- iels is a firmly founded and prosperous mercantile business, ownership of which made him at the time of his death one of the oldest merchants of this old New Jer- sey city. For forty years Mr. Daniels took part in the business life of his adopted city, and now, when death has made vacant the place he so long occupied, nothing but pleasure accompanies his memory, and those things which are spoken of him by his former associates are such as bring pride and joy to those who loved him and in return held his deepest affection. Known to all of Burlington's residents as the suc- cessful merchant, his connections with other phases of the city's life were no less strong, and he combined the qualities of the man of business, the churchman, the fraternity brother, and the upright citizen in a personality and character at once pleasing and strong. Descendant of English forbears and a native of England, Thomas Daniels came to the United States as a lad of six years, although he was a man of forty years of age when he took up his residence and founded his business in Burlington, a busi- ness which, after forty years under the management of its founder, is now contin- ued as the property of his son and daugh- ter, Thomas E. and Charlotte A. Daniels. The years of his mature life prior to his coming to Burlington were passed in Brooklyn, New York, New Brunswick and Newark, New Jersey, and Poughkeepsie, New York, and during this time he learned and followed the jeweler's art. But it was the four decades that he passed in Burl- ington that brought out the best of his abilities and talents in business, in church, and in service for others : and it is in mem- 326 (^JC^ ^L^),^^,,^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ory of a life that stood beyond the reproach of any, that typified high-minded citizen- ship, that was endowed with the virtues of true manhood, that this memoir is written. Son of Thomas and Charlotte (Heath) Daniels, Thomas Daniels was born in War- rington, England, February 28, 1835, and in 1841 accompanied his parents in their immigration to the United States. Thomas Daniels, senior, made New Brunswick, New Jersey, the family home, and there he en- gaged in milling, subsequently moving to Brooklyn, New York. Thomas, the son, first attended public school in New Bruns- wick, continuing his studies in the institu- tions of Brooklyn after the family resi- dence was changed to that place. His first employment was in a grocery store, and as a young man he learned the jeweler's call- ing, engaging in this line in Newark, New Jersey, and Poughkeepsie, New York. Coming to Burlington, New Jersey, about 1869, Mr. Daniels ventured into a line with which he was unfamiliar, but in which he saw greater possibilities and opportunities than in the business that had formerly been his field of eiifort, opening a general mer- cantile establishment. This he developed along safe business lines, at the same time benefitting from his progressive tendencies, and for forty years occupied honorable po- sition as a leading merchant of the city, holding position at the head of a business based on principles of fairest dealing long held in the public confidence. The business that he founded is now continued by his son and daughter, Thomas E. and Qiarlotte A. Daniels, and under their management the establishment on High street is held strictly to the worthy standard set u[> by the elder Daniels. Mr. Daniels made his personal business his -chief interest in material matters, al- though for twenty-three years he was su- perintendent of the Light and Power Com- pany, relinquishing this office when the plant and business of the local company was consolidated with the Public Service Cor- 327 poration. His political activity was con- fined to the intelligent and conscientious casting of his ballot for men and measures championing the right, and his principal public service was as a member of the drain- age commission, his several terms of mem- bership thereon totalling eighteen years. With St. Mary's Protestant Episcopal Church he was closely and actively affili- ated, and of this parish he was a devoteu vestryman, giving abundantly of all that was his to its needs. He was also a member of St. Mary's Brotherhood, and long be- longed to the Knights of Pythias. To none of the citizens of Burlington would this brief record of the life of Thomas Daniels seem complete if mention were omitted of one of the chief pleasures of his active years, ice-boating. Before the physical handicaps of old age made such recreation impossible, each winter found him on the broad surface of the Delaware with one of his several swift yachts, often built by him- self, and in the manipulation of his speedy craft he was most adept. Thomas Daniels died in Burlington, March 4, 1915. The infirmities that came with his eighty years of age caused his re- tirement three years prior to his death, but he had remained in touch with the activ- ities of his city until his final summons came. His wide sympathy with his fellows, his readiness to overlook shortcomi'ngs and to extol virtues, and the straightfor- ward manhood of his own life were the at- tributes that won him the love, admiration, and respect of his fellows, and it is as the man who quietly and without pretension performed the duties that came to him that he lives in the hearts of his former friends and associates. I\Ir. Daniels married (first) Ellen Collins, who became the mother of his children, Thomas E. and Charlotte A. ; (second) Lottie Chambers : (third) Eleanor Van Vleet, who bore him Emily W., who mar- ried Joseph R. Budd ; Ada, and Grosve- nor W. CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY BUDD, Eckard P., Lawyer, Public Official. Belonging to Mount Holly. New Jersey, by right of residence, Eckard P. Budd was the possession of his party, his profession, and his State, by virtue of long, varied and valuable service to all, service discontinued only with the passing of life. It was both pleasure and privilege to know him well, and it is the same privilege, with the sol- emn touch lent by the keen sense of loss. in his death, to retell the story of his life. Some there are who knew him as a con- stant and loving friend, others as a devoted and able public servant. Some met him in the associations of lodge and society, oth- ers in the work of party and politics, some labored with him in the cares of business, others stood by him as he fought and won the legal battles that made him foremost in his profession, all appreciated that in association with him they knew a man who recognized the highest things in life, made them his aim, and who, in a life that could have held no more of useful effort, ever stood in relations of kindliness and helpfulness to his fellow men. In the lit- tle over a quarter of a century of his legal career he rose to respected heights in his profession, the instruments of his rapid ad- vance a clear and firmly founded knowl- edge of the principles and precedents of jurisprudence, industry that never flagged, intellect of high order, and unusual foren- sic gifts. These were the qualities that placed him in the front rank of New Jer- sey's criminal lawyers. When the Demo- cratic party called him to responsible place in party councils, he enthusiastically took up his work, and in county and State la- bored diligently in its interests. He was preferred for important political place by public servants representative of both of the great parties, and gave of the best of his time and brain to Burlington county and New Jersey. In affairs purely of a local nature he occupied conspicuous po- 328 sition, and Mount Holly knew and loved him with the affection a community be- stows only upon him who has been tried by every test, who has stood all trial, who has proved himself worthy of all honor. Andrews Eckard Budd, M. D., father of Eckard P. Budd, was born in Woodbury, New Jersey, July 18, 1816, of Prussian parentage, his parents coming from their native land when young and settling in New Jersey. Andrews E. Budd was edu- cated in the public schools, Woodbury high school, and under the tutorship of Rever- end Blythe, pastor of the Presbyterian church, who taught him Latin. At the age of eighteen years he began teaching in Woodbury, and at the same time con- tinued his studies in higher English, math- ematics, and Latin. At the age of twenty- one years he began the study of medicine under Dr. Egbert, of Manayunk, Penn- sylvania, and later entered the Medical Department of the University of Pennsyl- vania, whence he was graduated M. D., class of 1842. He located in Vincentown, New Jersey, beginning practice on April 23, 1842. About January i, 1845, he moved to Medford, in the same county (Burling- ton) and there continued in successful prac- tice for eighteen years. In 1863 he moved to Mount Holly, the county seat of Burl- ington, and there practiced until his death. He was well known and popular, ranking among the most able and successful practi- tioners of the county. He was a member of the District Medical Society of Burl- ington and of other leading medical socie- ties. He married, December 22, 1858, Har- riet Louisa, daughter of Asa Payson, of Woodstock, Connecticut. Died August 14, 1882. Eckard P. Budd was born in Medford, Burlington county, New Jersey, November 3. 1861, died in Mount Holly. New Jersey, June I, 191 2. In 1863 his parents moved from Medford to Mount Holly, and there his entire subsequent life was passed. He prepared in the public schools, then entered CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Princeton University, and after there com- pleting a classical course began the study of law in the office of that eminent jurist, Charles E. Hendrickson, of Mount Holly. He was admitted to the bar as an attorney in February. 1886. and at once began prac- tice in Mount Holly. In February. 1890, he was admitted a counsellor, and November 29, 1898, to the Supreme Court of the United States, and to practice in all State and Federal courts of the district. He grew rapidly in public favor, and on April 7. 1890. was appointed by Governor Abbett as Prosecutor of the Pleas for Burlington. This office he held for ten years, having been reappointed by Governor Werts on April 4, 1895. His two terms as prosecu- tor were marked by brilliant and conscien- tious work on behalf of the State, and added greatly to his standing as a criminal lawyer. Had he elected a political career instead of a professional one, he would have gone far, but while deeply interested in local and State affairs, he had no personal public ambitions and never accepted elective office save as a member of the Mount Holly Board of Education, and that but for one term. He continued in the prosecutor's of- fice until the State changed its political com- plexion, and then retired to a private prac- tice that grew in volume with each succeed- ing year. He loved his profession, was learned in its many and intricate windings, was skilful in their application to the cause in contention, but was straightforward in his methods, relying upon the strength of his presentation of his case and not upon chicanery or sharp legal practice for vic- tory. He was a valuable public official and a strong advocate for the cause he repre- sented as counsel. While not a public official save profes- sionally, Mr. Budd was one of the well known, strong men of the Democratic party in New Jersey, and one whose talents were freely drawn upon by the leaders. For many years he represented Burlington county on the Democratic State Commit- tee, and as a campaign speiker during gu- 329 bernatorial and presidential contests, he was in great demand, his speeches command- ing wide attention from the press of the State and nation, for he was noted far be- yond the confines of his own State. In 1901, at the Democratic State Convention, he was chosen as the orator to present the name of James M. Seymour to the convention as the nominee for Governor, his noiriinating speech carrying the con- vention by storm, and standing as one of the classics of political oratory. He ac- cepted an appointment by Governor Mur- phy, of opposite political faith, as member of the State Board of Assessors, serving from March 7, 1904, to March 7, 1908. In every position he was called upon to fill he served with ability and honor, winning the highest respect even of his opponents, while as a lawyer and advocate his stand- ing was among the leaders. His business relations were few beyond his profession, but at his death he was a director of the Camden and Burlington County Railroad Company and of the Farmers' Trust Company, of Mount Holly, also serving the latter as solicitor. He was a member of Good Intent Fire Com- pany, of Mount Holly, belonged to the Masonic order, and was a past exalted ruler of the Mount Holly Lodge of Elks, of which he was a charter member. He took a deep interest in all these bodies, in fact, his public spirit extended to every de- partment of Mount Holly's life and his charity was never appealed to in vain. Suffering and distress always touched his sympathetic nature, and instant were his efforts to relieve the sufferers. Every man was his brother, and it is no figure of speech to state that the whole community mourned his death. Mr. Budd married Eliza Esculene Bur- tis, daughter of P. Tallman and Sarah Eliza Burtis, of Chicago, Illinois, and Phoenix, Arizona, who sun'ives him, a res- ident of Mount Holly. Children : Harold Hume. Dorothy, Grace Esculene, Mildred and Eckard P. (2). CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY HOLDEN, Edgar, M. D., Naval Surgeon, Distinguished Practitioner For forty years president of the medical board of one of Newark's well-known life insurance companies, and one of tlie leading specialists of his day, Dr. Holden occupied an enviable position in the medical profes- sion. He was of early Colonial ancestry, descending from Justinian Holden, who came from England in 1632 in the ship "Elizabeth." His grandfather, John Hol- den, was an ofificer of the Revolution, pro- moted for gallantry at the battle of Bunker Hill, and was one of the original members of the Society of the Cincinnati, Dr. Hol- den inheriting his membership. Dr. Holden was a man of great ability and prominence in his own right, his services to his country and to his fellowmen in both war and peace bringing him merited distinction. Edgar Holden was born in Hingham, Massachusetts, November 2, 1838, died in Chatham, New Jersey, his summer home, July 18, 1909, son of Asa Holden, a manu- facturer of Hingham. He was early edu- cated in Hingham Academy and James Hunter's school at Jamaica, Long Island, prepared for college at John F. Pingry's school in Newark, and was graduated from Princeton College, A. B., class of 1859. In later years Princeton conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy. After leaving Princeton he entered the College of Physicians and Sur- geons of New York City, whence he was graduated M. D., class of 1861. Both be- fore and after graduation he served as in- terne at the King's County Hospital, gain- ing experience that was shortly afterward of value to him. In the fall of 1861 he was commissioned in the Ignited States navy, and was assigned to duty on the steam frigate "Minnesota" as assistant surgeon, and on this vessel passed through the exciting scenes at Hamj)ton Roads, where the entire Union fleet was in peril from the "Merrimac" until the arrival of the "Alonitor." The "Min- nesota" was saved, and after the conflict Dr. Holden was placed in charge of the wounded who had fought on board the "Cumberland," "Congress" and "Minne- sota." At the bombardment of Sewell's Point he rendered such efficient service that he was promoted to surgeon in charge of the James River Squadron Hospital at Nor- folk. Later he served on the steamer "Wy- andotte," and later as surgeon of the iron- elad "Passaic," and took part in the attack on Fort McAllister, Georgia. Following, he was again assigned to hospital duty, but at his own request was appointed surgeon of the steamer "Sassacus," which vessel after sea service cruising for blockade run- ners was on duty in the South Carolina sounds, took part in the attack on Charles- ton, and fought the Confederate ram "Al- bermarle," with others of the Union fleet. In the summer of 1864 Dr. Holden was made chief of the medical department of the James River Squadron, but poor health caused him to resign after a few months' service. He, however, accepted a commis- sion as surgeon in the United States volun- teer army, becoming a member of the staff of the Ward Hospital, Newark. At the close of the war. Dr. Holden es- tablished and practiced in Newark and rose to a leading position as one of the great physicians and surgeons of the State. In 1867 he became a member of the board of medical directors of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, and was elected president of the board in 1870, a position he held until his death. He continued prac- tice in connection with his official duties until 1 891, when he withdrew from public practice, his health giving way under the double strain. Dr. Holden was an acknowl- edged authority in his profession on lar- yngology, a department in which he spec- ialized. In the course of his studies and practice as a .specialist he invented numer- ous instruments that were quickly adopted as being a great step forward and of im- 330 ^' -J^/7^^. .i^ ^^w Kjioj^'^''^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY mense benefit to the advanced surgeon. He was a frequent contributor to the medical journals and magazines, his chief thesis on Sphygmograph taking the Stevens prize awarded by the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and later appearing in book form. At the time of his death Dr. Holden was president of the American Medical Associ- ation, member of the American Laryngo- logical Association, New Jersey State Med- ical Society, Newark Medical and Surgical Society, Essex County Medical Society, New Jersey Academy of Medicine, Associ- ation of Medical Directors of Life Insur- ance Companies ; hereditary member of the Society of the Cincinnati ; original member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and of the Grand Army of the Republic ; member of the New Jersey Historical Soci- ety, the Microscopical Society, and the American Authors Guild. He was a volun- teer writer for the medical journals and magazines, his statistical papers and mono- graphs on contagion, sanitation and medical examinations for life insurance, attracting the attention of the medical world. He also wrote a series of war sketches for "Har- per's" and the "Century." In 1873 he pub- lished his book on "The Use of the Sphyg- mograph ;" in 1880, "Health and Mortality of Newark;" and in 1883 "The Waif from Minot's Ledge." He was a Republican in politics, and a member of the Presbyterian church, serving for many years as trustee of the .Second Presbyterian Church of New- ark. In February, 1908, he resigned, but the board refused for the second time to accept and allow their long-time associate to sunrler official relations with the church. KALISCH, Rev. Isidor, D. D., Distingraished Divine, Author and Poet. Rev. Isidor Kalisch, D. D.. one of the most distinguished rabbis of his time, was born in Krotoschin, Duchy of Posen, Pru.s- sia, November 15, 1816, and died in New- ark, New Jersey, May 11, 1886. He was a 33 son of the Rev. Burnham and Sarah Kal- isch, the latter a woman of strong intellect and force of character, who died March 14, 1883, at the age of eighty-seven years. Rev. Burnham Kalisch "was widely known throughout the Duchy as a man of learning, piety and benevolence," and he "was deeply versed in Hebraic lore." He died in Kro- toschin, September i, 1856, leaving seven children. Rev. Isidor Kalisch, the eldest of these children, became even more illustrious than his father, receiving international recogni- tion through his public labors and his pub- lished works. His earliest years already gave promise of what he would achieve in later life, and "in his ninth year he was re- markably proficient in Talmudic and He- braic learning." Upon the completion of the curriculum at the Gymnasium, an in- stitution on a par with our American col- leges, he pursued his studies in the univer- sities of Berlin, Breslau and Prague, the most eminent professors conferring testi- monials upon him. During this time he was a steady contributor to leading German periodicals, notable among these being the "Breslauer Beobachter," the "Figaro," and Dr. Julius Fuerst's "Orient." He was the author of one of the most popular songs of that warlike period in Germany — "Schlacht Gesang der Deutschen (War Song of the Germans) — which was dedicated to the Prince of Prussia (afterwards Emperor of Germany), December 31, 1842, and ac- knowledged by that prince in a personal note to Dr. Kali.sch. The song was set to music by Music Director Mueller, of Bres- lau, and at once became the fashion. The attitude of Dr. Kalisch has been thus char- acterized : "Imbued with the love of liberty, and witness- ing the oppression of his fellow men under the forms of government and law. his generous na- ture decried these things ; he wrote poems breath- ing the true spirit of liberty; contributed articles to newspapers which were condemned as seditious by tyrannical censors : and thus when, in 1848, the revolutionary fever had reached a crisis, he CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY became one of the many obnoxious citizens who were inimical to the welfare of Prussia because they were stumbling l)locks to the progress of tyranny and oppression. He was compelled to leave Germany. Me made his way to London, England, and after a sojourn there of several months, he left for New York City." After an ocean trip in tlie sailing vessel ■■Rolla," lasting almost nine weeks, he ar- rived in New York City on August 28, US49, and in July, 1850, received a call from the congregation "Tifireth Israel" of Cleve- land, Ohio, to officiate as their minister. In the same month he assumed the duties of this position, finding his congregation of the true orthodox type, that is, they still upheld obsolete rites which were practically useless in that time and under those conditions, however wise they might have been, and undoubtedly were, at the time they were put in force. How to remedy this evil was now his constant thought. The result of his efforts in this direction was the assemb- ling of the first conference of rabbis at Cleveland, in 1855. The object of this con- ference was to better the spiritual condition of the Jews throughout America; to strip the Jewish divine services from heathenish and idolatrous customs ; to weed out sense- less and useless prayers ; and to establish a uniform divine service throughout the land. In order to spread this movement he had himself frequently removed from one con- gregation and city to another, and served in cities as follows: Cincinnati, Ohio; Mil- waukee, Wisconsin, in which city he was successful in uniting two disputing factions, and had them united in worship in one syn- agogue ; Indianapolis, Indiana ; Detroit, Miciiigan; Leavenworth, Kansas. In Octo- ber, 1868. Dr. Kalisch removed to New York City for the purpose of publishing a translation he had made of Lessing's "Nathan der Weise," and while there opened an educational institution on West Thirty-sixth street. He was obliged to aban- don this at the end of a year, as he had re- ceived no support in his undertaking, and having lost all his earnings in this enter- 33 prise, he was compelled to enter the lecture field in order to support hiinself and his family. While thus engaged he received a call to the B'nai Abraham congregation of Newark, New Jersey, which he accepted. In August, 1872, he left it in order to accept the position of rabbi and preacher with the congregation "Ohavey Scholom," in Nash- ville, Tennessee, where he remained three years. He was instrumental in having a synagogtie erected, and at the laying of the corner stone of this edifice ex-President Andrew Johnson and the Governor and State officials of Tennessee were present. In September, 1875, Dr. Kalisch returned to Newark, where he devoted himself mainly to the lecture field and literary work. His close application to literary labors re- sulted in the most serious consequences. His health began to fail rapidly in the winter of 1885, and he realized the fact that his earthly career would soon be closed. In spite of periods of intense suffering, he was never heard to complain and always sought to inspire hope and confidence in those about him. His death created a profound feeling of grief and sorrow in the community in which he lived, and in every community where his excellent qualities were known. Outside of a very valuable library Dr. Kal- isch left no worldly goods, but he left a far richer treasure than wealth, an untarnished name and enviable fame. We may say of Dr. Kalisch. in the language of the poet: "We live in deeds, not years; in thoughts, not breaths ; In feelings, not in figures on a dial. We should count time by heart throbs. He most lives Who thinks most, feels the noblest, acts the best. And he whose heart beats quickest lives the longest. Lives in an hour more than in years do some Whose fat blood sleeps as it slips along the veins. Life is but a means unto an end; that end. Beginning, mean, and end to all things. God." Dr. Kalisch was connected with numer- ous organizations, among them being the 'following: Oriental Lodge, No. 51, Free CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and Accepted Masons of Newark ; Deutsche Morgenlaendische Gesellschaft (German Oriental Literary Society), of Leipzig and Halle ; Mendelssohn Verein, Frankfort-on- the-Main ; Allgemeiner Deutscher Schrift- steller Verband (German Authors' LTnion), at Leipzig. As a profound scholar, philologist, and prolific author. Dr. Kalisch must always re- main best known to the learned world. He wrote numerous essays on religious and sec- ular subjects, maintained and carried on ex- tensive religious controversies in the Jewish press, both aggressive and defensive, with the orthodox and ultra-reform elements in Judaism, and wrote poems which appeared at frequent intervals in German newspapers and periodicals. His lecture on the "Source of all Civilization" attracted wide attention, and was reviewed by James Parton in the "Atlantic Monthly" of August, 1867 ; an- other, on "Ancient and Modern Judaism," was not less notable ; while still others of note were on "Divine Providence," "The Origin of Language and the Great Future of the English Tongue." "Jewish Ethics" and "The Life and Works of Moses Alaim- onides." He contributed a series of articles on the Talmud, "The Wine of the Bible," "All Christians Astray on Baptism" and kindred topics to the "Christian Union," of which Henry Ward Beecher was then edi- tor ; and in various periodicals of the coun- try he published such essays as "Origin of the Doctrine of Demons and Evil Spirits, Taught by Judaism and Christianity, illus- trated ;" "Opinions on the Value of the Tal- mud by the Most Learned Theologians ;" "On the Sphere of Our .■\ctivities as Israel- ites ;" "The Old Biblical Doctrine of the Idea of God ;" "On The Science of Educa- tion ;" also critical biographies of Moses Maimonides and Haftaly Hartewid Wesely. His "Wegweiser fuer rationelle Forschun- gen in den Biblischen Schriften." published in 1853, received flattering notices from the German, English and French press. In this profound work he contends upon the basis 333 of a critical examination of the New Testa- ment Scriptures that all that is distinctive in Christianity is derived from Judaic doc- trines and customs. In 1855, at the solicita- tion of Professor Gibbs, of Yale College, Dr. Kalisch deciphered the Phoenician in- scription found at Sidon, .\sia. His render- ing was read before the London Syro-Egyp- tian Society, and published in the transac- tions of that society as preferable to the translations submitted about the same time by the Due de Luynes, of Paris, E. C. Die- trich, of Marburg, Germany, and W. M. W. Turner. Dr. Kalisch published a splendid English translation of Lessing's "Nathan der Weise," as mentioned previously, and rendered the same service for the "Sepher Yezireh." the first philosophical book ever written in the Hebrew language. In con- nection with this last he also issued a "Sketch of the Talmud," in which he sum- marized the results of fifty years of study. He wrote Hebrew as readily as German, and as fluently. In addition to his rare learning and ability as a prose writer, he was a poet of unusual merit. In 1865 his German poems, up to that date, were collected in a volume entitled "Toene des Morgenlandes" (Sounds of the Orient). Such gems in this volume as "Die Mystische Harfe," "Der Teufelstein," and "Gesicht der Seele," are unsurpassed of their kind. Of his Hebrew hymns, many are to be found in the Reformed Hebrew Prayer Book. .Another poem in Hebrew, read before the Cleveland Conference, has been pronounced a masterpiece. We learn that "after his death, among his manuscripts was found a considerable collection of orig- inal Hebrew poems, tales and fables, and translations from German and English poets into Hebrew, which have never found their way into print." Among his other published writings may be mentioned his contributions to Talmudic Lexicography in the London "Jewish Chronicle" and "He- brew Observer," and in the Juedische Lit- eratur Blatt, of Magdeburg, Germany; Eng- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY lish sermons, which appeared in the "Jewish Messenger," on "Timely Words," and on "Excellence of Judaism;" a series of "Exe- getical Lectures on the Bible," in "The Occident," Philadelphia; a series of "Con- tributions on Philosophical Literature," in "The American Israelite ;" "Prefatory Re- marks to the Book of Esther ;" "The Book of Antiochus," translated from the Hebrew ; "A Disquisition Concerning the Time of Composing the Accents of the Hebrew;" "Hebrew Literature and Proselytism ac- cording to the Biblical Talmudical Laws ;" "Discourse on the Preference of the Mosaic Laws," as delivered by Rabbi Moses ben Nacham, in 1263, before King Jacob, at Saragossa ; "Contributions to the Jewish Liturgy ;" "Historical Researches — Who Was Tryphon, mentioned by Justin the Martyr," etc.; "Disquisition on Some Lit- urgical Subjects;" "The Value of the He- brew Language;" "Real Treasure of Earth ;" "The Jewish Minister as He Should Be." Rev. Dr. Kalisch was married, at Jut- roschin. Duchy of Poscn, in 1843, to Char- lotte, a (laughter of Abncr and Bettina Ilandman, and this union was blessed with children as follows: Albert, born Septem- ber 15, 1844; Hannah, born April 10, 1846, married Simon Wiener ; Leonard, born April 12, 1848; Samuel, born April 18, 1851; Abner, born September 2, 1853; Burnham, born August 5, 1867. Albert be- came a journalist ; the other sons all became eminent lawyers. The death of Dr. Kalisch cast a deep sor- row over the entire city, a sorrow which was by no means confined to his co-relig- ionists, for, whenever there was distress to be relieved, a difference in religious belief never affected the aid freely and generously given by him. The funeral services were attended by members of all creeds, by high and low, by rich and poor. The funeral oration was delivered by the venerable Dr. Gustav Gottheil, the eminent divine of Temple Emanuel, of New York City ; a prayer by the Rev. Joseph Leucht, of the Congregation B'nai Jeshurun, of Newark ; and resolutions of condolence were adopted by the Society of "Der Treuen Schwestern," (The Faithful Sisters), of Milwaukee, Wis- consin, an organization which had been called into life by Dr. Kalisch. We can give no better estimate of the character of Dr. Kalisch than to quote a few extracts from a "Memoir" which was published of him in Newark. One paramount aim seems to run through all his writings and labors, that of mental and moral improvement. When it is considered how unprofitable, in a financial sense, such labors are, in a busy world wholly devoted to racing after wealth, one cannot but admire the nobleness, unselfishness, and self-sacrificing character of the subject of this memoir. Who is there skillful enough to wield the pen, to do justice to the memory of a man who despised wealth, and .sacrificed all the years of an active life in attempting to better the moral and mental condi- tion of his fellow men? Who is there possessed of sufficient eloquence to do ju.stice to the mem- ory of a man who wilfully and manfully put on the armor of truth and justice, not merely in a state of defense, but in an aggressive state, to carry on a life-long war with falsehood, hypocrisy, deceit, fanaticism, bigotry and super- stition, a war in which no flag of truce was recognized, no quarter given, and no blood spilled — a war of reason against blind faith and sophistry? Who is there adequate to the task of faithfully portraying the character of a man, whose life was devoid of every selfish thought, whose soul was en wrapt in the welfare of others, whose greatest happiness was to observe others happy, and whose greatest triumph was to see truth, justice, virtue and enlightenment, triumph over falsehood, op- pression, vice and bigotry? Dependent upon his vocation and literary labors for his liveli- hood, and with a family dependent upon him, he rather struggled for existence, than to sacri- fice his opinions and resort to dissimulation. He did not seek after wealth, but that which was dearer to him, the establishment of a Judaism which would be impregnable to the insidious attacks of scoffers and atheists. He was a man of original thought. He took great delight in grappling with abstruse questions of mental and moral philosophy, theology, or any other subject which called for the vigorous exercise of his strong intellectual faculties. His power of analy- 334 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY sis was so strongly developed, that a subject fell apart, as it were, into many pieces, with mathe- matical exactness and evenness under his keen dissection, and not the smallest particle thereof escaped his mental grasp, until it fully revealed its integral existence and relation to the whole. He furthermore possessed the happy faculty of investing the most intricate subject in a simple garb, so that it could be readily understood by the common mind. A strong sense of right and justice pervaded all his actions through life. So strongly was he imbued with this quality, that it produced in him an uncontrollable aversion to- wards dissemblers and pretenders, and which his open and ingenuous nature was powerless to conceal. In the presence of such, his usual calm and even temperament, his urbane and genial manner, would become uneasy, ruffled and repelling. His charities were numerous, and no solicita- tion to him for alms ever went unanswered. He heeded no exertion, shunned no fatigue, when bent upon a mission of mercy or charity. He will be affectionately remembered by the many who have been cheered upon their lonely and desolate way through life, by the substantial aid received from his kind and helping hand. The result of his labors testifies to the efficiency of his work. In the family circle he was per- petual sunshine. He was all love, patience and generosity. He was a kind and devoted husband, a loving and afifectionate father, and a steadfast friend. To him the approach of death was only the beginning of that spiritual life, which was the theme of his earnest life work. DURYEE. Peter Sharpe. Enterprising Citizen, Friend of Education. There are some men whose natures are so large, who touch life at so many points, that in whatever communities they may reside, they exert an influence widely and power- fully felt. To this class of men belonged the late Peter Sharpe Duryee, late of New- ark, New Jersey, a representative of an old family, whose ancestors were Dutch and Huguenot settlers at Newtown, Long Island. The parents of Mr. Duryee were George and Mary (Sharpe) Duryee. Peter Sharpe Duryee was born at the comer of Fulton and Gold streets. New York City. December 21. 1807, and died at his home. No. 40 Park Place, Newark, New Jersey, September 23, 1877. He received an excellent education in private schools near the country residence of his father at Newtown, Long Island, and was still a very young man when he decided to enter upon a business career. He removed to Newark in 1821, and became an apprentice in the store of the late William Rankin, hat manufac- turer. Devoting himself wholeheartedly to the interests of the business with which he had become connected, his fidelity and worth were recognized, and at the age of twenty-one years he was admitted to a part- nership in the firm. The firm was operated under the name of Rankin, Duryee & Com- pany, and the progressive yet conservative methods of Mr. Duryee raised this enter- prise to such an extent that it became the largest concern of its kind in the country. They had established branches in almost all the large cities of the Union until the out- break of the Civil War, at which time the firm retired from business. Mr. Duryee was associated with a number of other business enterprises and held official position in many of them. He was a director and vice-presi- dent of the State Bank of New Jersey and director of the Newark Savings Bank, New Jersey Insurance Company and the Me- chanics Insurance Company. He was ac- tively interested in the New Jersey railroad, having been one of the original stockholders, and had charge of a number of its interests. He was also president of the Mount Pleas- ant Cemetery Association. Generously interested in the cause of higher education, he was a trustee of Rut- gers College at New Brunswick, and founded several scholarships there. He was one of the original directors of the Library Association, and vice-president of the New Jersey Historical Society. He was for many years a meinber of the First Reformed Church, on Market street, leaving this to establish the North Reformed Church, of which he was an elder at the time of his 335 C\'CLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY death, and always a liberal supporter. He was also a trustee of the Corporation of the Reformed Church in America. Mr. Duryee married, in Newark, June 20, 1834, Susan, a daughter of William and .Abigail (Ogden) Rankin, the former being the partner of Mr. Duryee. Of this union there were children : William Rankin, who became pastor of the Reformed Church at Lafayette; Anne Brower; Mary Ogden; John Goble ; Charlotte Rankin ; George Sharpe ; Joseph Rankin ; Edward Henry ; Amy Caroline. In order to give an estimate of the char- acter of Mr. Duryee, we can do no better than to quote a few extracts from the ser- mon preached in his memory by the Rev. C. E. Hart: "There was great unity in his character, lie was a practical man of great and ceaseless activity. Mr. Duryee kept at what engaged his mind, and worked with intense enthusiasm to its results. To the spirit and vivacity of the Huguenot he added the settled purpose of the Hollander, and showed in his career the value of such a combination. His life shows the value of singleness of aim in the application of one's energies. It is the secret of growth. Such a course is constructive. It is the foundation of a name and a character. This practical man had what is not often found in such natures, an ardent temperament. He was a man of strong affection and sentiment, as evinced in his great fondness for the poetry of Burns and the romances of Scott." DURYEE, Rev. William Rankin, D. D., Distinguished Clergyman and Educator. Tiiat the influence of the church is declin- ing, is a remark frequently made by those wdio lack the discernment to perceive that, while creeds and outward observances are undoubtedly losing their hold upon the world at large, there is convincing evidence that the essentials of religion are daily be- coming more deeply rooted in the heart of mankind. When the representatives of the church are such men as the late Rev. Wil- liam Rankin Duryee, D. D., a professor in Rutgers College, New Jersey, its influence becomes exercised in the most beneficial manner and in the highest degree. He was the eldest son of the late Peter S. Duryee, whose sketch appears also in this work. Rev. William Rankin Duryee, D. D., was born in Newark, New Jersey, in 1838, and died at his home in New Brunswick, New Jersey, January 20, 1897. He was gradu- ated in the class of 1856 from Rutgers Col- lege, and for a time devoted himself to the study of law in the office of Frederick T. Frelinghuysen. In less than a year he had decided to make the ministry his life work, and accordingly, in the fall of 1857, matric- ulated at the Theological Seminary in New Brunswick, but interrupted his studies at the end of his junior year in order to spend one and a half years in European travel. Returning to the seminary, he was gradu- ated from this institution in 1861. He was at once appointed chaplain of the First Ken- tucky Infantry, but a severe attack of camp fever obliged him to abandon his field ac- tivity. In 1863, having fully recovered, he assumed charge of a mission at East Wil- liamsburg, Long Island, and the following year was appointed pastor of the newly or- ganized Lafayette Church of Jersey City, New Jersey. He developed this into a strong church during the twenty-seven years it remained in his charge, and while the con- gregation was in a great part a transient one, he won their confidence and love m an ominent degree. He had a number of calls to other fields, but the love of his congrega- tion prevailed over all oflfered inducements to leave them. In 1876 Rutgers gave him a Doctorate of Divinity, and upon the death of his father, in 1877, he was chosen to suc- ceed him as a member of the board of trus- tees, and held this post until he accepted a professorship. In 1891 he was elected Pro- fessor of Ethics, Evidences of Christianity and the English Bible, in Rutgers College, and he accepted this as being in harmony with his chosen life work, although he had previously declined the chair of History 336 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and Political Economy in the same institu- tion. From the commencement of his minis- terial life he had been an active member of the Board of Foreign Missions, and it is im- possible to measure the extent and value of his services in this direction. He was pres- ident of the General Synod in session at Al- bany in 1883. As a reformer Rev. Duryee held high rank. As an orator he had few equals in his circle, not alone as a speaker upon religious topics, but as a speaker on any subject, social, educational or literary in its nature, it was always a great pleasure to be one in his audience. His contributions to the world of literature were numerous, and for the most part appeared in "The Christian Intelligencer." Published in "The Hearth and Home" was a prize poem by Rev. Duryee, and this was later included in Bryant's "Library of Poetry and Song." He wrote a number of hymns which have been published in collected form, a variety of tracts and addresses, and many reviews of books and church and religious topics, mainly for "The Christian Intelligencer." Rev. Duryee married (first) in Jersey City, Charlotte W. Nuttman, of Newark, until her death treasurer of the Woman's Board of Foreign Missions, and in whose honor the Charlotte W. Duryee School for Women, in connection with the Amoy Mis- sion, was created. He married (second) Mrs. Anna M. R. (Varick) Goesbeck, of Jersey City, who was until her resignation treasurer of the Women's Executive Com- mittee of Domestic Missions. It is but a fitting close to this short review to give a few extracts from addresses made in mem- ory of Rev. Duryee by those who knew him or his works intimately, and are therefore best able to estimate his worth. President Scott, of Rutgers College, said, in part : "But it is the students, I suppose, who will claim him as all their own. Each one of them recognized in him a 'fellow' and a friend. His heart kept even pulse with theirs. When, in the excitement of their 2,2,7 11—22 sports, or in their jollity their heartbeats were hurried, his never lost a throb. When their aspirations were quickened as the pos- sibilities of a noble life filled them with high hopes, his breath came and went as fast as theirs. And when the time came for sym- pathy or counsel, no wonder, therefore, that the heart of the comrade, older in years only, gave the steadying measure for thought and purpose. To every student he stretched out his hand, not to keep him at arm's length, but to draw him close to him- self." Rev. Charles E. Hart, D. D., said: "Among the many elements of gentle life so mixed in our brother's character, none pos- sessed him with such power as the senti- ments and affections which can be satisfied only with definite and living realities. He had a clear and active intellect and a sound judgment ; his reading and learning were wide, discriminating and enriching: he pos- sessed a vigorous imagination and poetic sensibility : a fine literary taste, a quick wit, a genuine subtle and refined humor in close alliance with the tenderest pathos. These abilities and graces were shown in the pul- pit, in the contributions of his pen, in charming letters and lectures, and, not least, in the social circle in which his presence was infectious good cheer." Rev. Jacob Cooper said : "There was such a blending of strength and beauty, of intellect and culture, of playful humor and quiet dignity, making the tout ensemble so perfect that there is no room for the esti- mation of special characteristics. — Our col- league was a man of most varied reading, and his mind was as bright and penetrating as quicksilver. It fastened upon grains of gold and left the dirt and dross. — The in- fluence of our colleague is appreciated not merely now that he has been called from us to a more exalted duty ; but was known and felt by us from the day he came among us. — Such characters as William Rankin Dur- yee, reckoned among her pupils, make a col- lege rich : and whether alive on earth and CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY ministering to her growth, or called to a yet higher service, are still her priceless treasures." DURYEE, Edward H., Lavryer, Library Official. For a quarter of a century identified with the Essex county bar, associated in practice with his brother, George S. Duryee, also deceased, and with the late Judge Howard 13. Hayes as his law partner, Mr. Duryee passed a useful professional life marked by strict adherence to the ethics of his profes- sion and the sacred observance of those laws of probity that exist between men of honor. His life was devoted strictly to his profession, the only exception being the deep interest he exhibited in the manage- ment of the Public Library in his official capacity as trustee. Edward H., son of Peter S. Duryee, was born in Newark, and died at the Duryee mansion on Park Place, Newark, New Jer- sey, December 7, 1905. After elementary courses in Newark, he entered the Law- renceville Preparatory School at Lawrence- ville. New Jersey, and then entered Rutgers College, whence he was graduated with the class of '76. Deciding upon the law as his profession, he began study in the law offices of Dudley F. Field and Robert E. Deyo, of the eminent New York law firm of Field & Deyo. continuing under Oscar Keen, of Newark, and completing his preparation at Columbia University Law School, receiving his degree with the class of '78. He began his professional career as managing clerk for Field & Deyo, and was admitted to the New 'S^ork bar in May, 1879. He was ad- mitted to the New Jersey bar at Trenton as an attorney in June. 1881, and as a counsel- lor at the June term, 1884. After his ad- mission to the New Jersey bar he began I)ractice in Newark in association with his brother, George S. Duryee. now deceased. This became one of the successful law firms of the city, conducting a large practice in all State and Federal courts of the district. Later in life Edward H. Duryee and the late Judge Howard W. Hayes, formed a law partnership that continued for several years, both members of the firm being men of highest legal standing and local promi- nence. Mr. Duryee gave to his profession his undivided devotion, never seeking public preferment or accepting political office. He was a Democrat, and helpful in council, but took little active part in public affairs. The one exception was his term of service begin- ning in 1890 as trustee of Newark Public Library, where he is remembered by his contemporaries as one of the earnest de- voted men who contributed largely to plac- ing the library in its present condition of helpfulness and benefit. His social clubs were the Essex of Newark and the Univer- sity of New York. Fond of out of door exercise and sport, he held membership in several country clubs and there gratified his love of open air sports. Mr. Duryee never married. RANDOLPH, Theodore Frelinghuysen, Governor, Statesman. Theodore Frelinghuysen Randolph, twenty-fourth Governor of New Jersey, (1869-72), was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, June 24, 1816, son of James F. Randolph, founder and for forty years editor of the New Brunswick "Fredonian," and representative in Congress from 1824 to 1830. His ancestors emigrated from Nottinghamshire, England, in 1622, and re- moved from Barnstable, Massachusetts, to Middlesex county. New Jersey, in 1630. His grandparents were active revolution- ists in the War for Independence. His early education was received at Rut gers Grammar school, and while still a mere boy, he entered business life as a clerk. In 1840 he went south and lived in \'icksburg. Mississippi, where he was engaged in mer- 338 .^ -.^^^J^^ CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY cantile pursuits for about ten years. In 185 1 he married Fanny F., daughter of N. D. Colman, of Kentucky, and grandniece, on her mother's side, of Chief Justice Mar- shall. Soon after his marriage he return- ed to New Jersey and lived in Jersey City, and was successfully engaged in the mining of coal and transportation of iron and ores. He was also for many years president of the Morris & Essex railroad, a position in which he achieved remarkable success, and showed his administrative and financial ca- pacity. He was elected a member of the House of Assembly of New Jersey from the first district of Hudson county in 1859, was re-elected in i860, and was a member of the special session of i860, convened by a call of the governor on account of the outbreak of the Civil War. He was prom- inent as a War Democrat, and served on important committees, including that on federal relations, and introduced and se- cured the passage of the first bill giving relief to the families of volunteers. In 1861 he was elected State Senator from Hudson county to fill a vacancy, and in 1862 was re-elected for the full term of three years. He was energetic and efficient in the dis- charge of his duties, and served on the committees on education, civil service re- form, centennial exposition, and others, rhc ofiice of State Comptroller was created in 1865 and through his instrumentality, and within five years it is said to have saved the State $500,000. He removed to Morristown, New Jersey, where he after- ward resided, and was elected Governor of New Jersey in the fall of 1868. His ad- ministration was vigorous and successful, and measures advocated and secured by him have been of lasting benefit to the State. Among these may be mentioned the establishment of the State riparian commis- sion, which has re.sulted in a large income to the State school fund ; the passage of a system of general laws by which special legislation was avoided, and the repeal of the Camden & Amboy railroad monopoly tax. which had so long burdened the State, He also originated the plan on which the Morris Plains Lunatic Asylum, one of the largest in the world, was constructed. His firm course on the occasion of a riot in Jei- sey City on the anniversary of the battle of the Boyne, July 12, 1871, was much ap- plauded not only in New Jersey but throughout the country. He issued a proc- lamation in which, while he deprecated re- ligious and factional strife over issues of the past, he vindicated the American right to the largest liberty of expression of opin- ion, and followed it by calling out a brigade of State troops to preserve the peace, which they did so that no serious injuries occurred, although on the New York side of the Hudson river many lives were lost on the same day, owing to similar excite- ment there. He was elected United States Senator from New Jersey in 1875, ^^^ served until 1881, with credit to himself and his native State. He was a member of the commit- tees on mines and mining, military affairs and commerce, for all of which he was particularly well qualified. Governor Ran- dolph was prominent in the councils of his party, both in State and national conven- tions, and was for several years chairman of the National Democratic Committee. He was a trustee of Rutgers College, a di- rector in many corporations and institu- tions, and was one of the founders and president of the Washington Headquarters Association of Morristown, New Jersey. For many years he had been a member of the Presbyterian church, and after his death it was found that he had given away over one-tenth of his income in unostenta- tious charity. He died in Morristown, New Jersey, November 7, 1883. 339 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY HEALD, John Oxenbridge, Lawyer, Enterprising Citizen. John Oxenbridge Heald, a noted attorney of New York, whose residence was in Orange, New Jersey, was a descendant of one of the oldest families in New England. The name Heald is supposed to be of Dan- ish origin, but is found in England in many generations. The coat armorial of one branch of the family, as given by Burke, is : Arms, quarterly gules and azure, in the first and fourth cjuarters an eagle with wings elevated or; in the second and third, a fret of the last, over all a fesse argent thereon between two crosses pattee, a rose, of the first, barbed and seeded proper. Crest : On a mount vert a bundle of arrows fesseways, the points toward the dexter, proper bound gules, thereon an eagle, wings elevated, criminois, in the beak a sprig of oak, also proper ; the dexter claw resting on a cross pattee as in the arms. Motto : Mea gloria cru.v. John Heald, the American ancestor, came from Berwick, England, and settled in Con- cord, Massachusetts, in 1635, and was made a freeman in 1641. From him the line of descent is as follows : John Heald, who was born in Concord, and married Sarah Dean ; John Heald, son of John and Sarah ( Dean ) Heald, commonly known as Lieu- tenant John, married Mary, daughter of John Chandler ; Amos Heald, son of John and Mary (Chandler) Heald, married Eliz- abeth, daughter of Nathaniel Hillings, of Concord. Daniel Heald, son of Amos and Elizabeth (Billings) Heald, was born in Concord, in 1739, and died in Chester, Vermont, in 1833. He was deputy sheriff in Concord in 1774. He would not enroll at the battle of Concord, but shouldered his musket and fought side by side with the patriots, join- ing them at "The Bridge." He served in Colonel Prescott's division at the battle of Bunker Hill. In 1775 he served at Ticon- deroga, and his sympathies were with the patriots all during this memorable struggle. For many years he was a deacon in the Congregational church. While the Revolu- tionary War was in progress he removed to Chester, Vermont. He married Abigail Wheeler. Amos Heald, son of Daniel and Abigail (Wheeler) Heald, was born in Lincoln, Massachusetts, in 1765, and died in Ches- ter, Vermont. He was but nine years of age when he was a witness of the battle of Concord, and he was thoroughly imbued with the spirit of patriotism from his earli- est years. During his earlier years he worked on the farm in Chester, and later taught school for a time. He was a man of prominence in the community, held a num- ber of public positions, among them being those of town clerk, justice of the peace, judge of the county court, sheriff of the county, and he represented his town in the State Legislature. For many years he was a deacon in the Congregational church. He married Lydia Edwards, daughter of Cap- tain Ebenezer Edwards, of Acton, who was a participant in the battle which took place at Concord Bridge, was at the battle of Bunker Hill, and worked on the fortifica- tions at Dorchester Heights ; she was also a granddaughter of Nathaniel Edwards, who also fought at Concord Bridge. Daniel Addison Heald, son of Amos and Lydia (Edwards) Heald, was born at Ches- ter, in 1818, and lived on the farm until the age of sixteen years. His elementary edu- cation was acquired in the common schools, and he then attended in succession, Kim- bcrly Union .Academy, Meriden, New Hampshire, and Yale College, from which he was graduated in the class of 1841. He also read law with Judges Duggett and Washburn, and was admitted to the bar in 1843. He was not alone an able lawyer but a financier as well, and as a statesman earned much commendation. As a repre- sentative of the Whig party he was elected to the lower house of the V^ermont State Legislature in 1850, and in 1854 was elected 340 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY to the State Senate. For two years he prac- ticed law in Galena, Illinois, having been admitted to the Galena bar. After he began the practice of law in his native town, Mr. Heald became identified with insurance in- terests, becoming first general agent then vice-president and finally president of the Home Insurance Company of New York. Mr. Heald was prominent in the New York Board of Underwriters many years, and it was largely owing to his efforts that the National Board of Underwriters was called into existence. He was regarded as an insurance expert without a peer, and as a public speaker on matters of this kind ex- erted a widespread and beneficial influence. He became identified with the improvement of the Oranges, New Jersey, in 1857, and was a leading spirit in the development of the beautiful Llewellyn Park; he was secre- tary of the Board of Proprietors from 1858, and was the incumbent of this office many years. He was one of the nine original members of the New England Society of Orange, and was twice elected its president ; one of the original members of the Orange \'alley Congregational Church, and a trus- tee six years; one of the organizers of the Orange Memorial Hospital, president of the advisory board fifteen years, and treasurer of the endowment fund from the time of its establishment. Mr. Heald married ( first ) Sarah Elizabeth Washburn, also of dis- tinguished ancestry ; (second) Elizabeth M. Goddard. John Oxenbridge Heald, son of Daniel Addison and Sarah Elizabeth (Washburn) Heald, was born in Ludlow, Windsor coun- ty, Vermont, October 18. 1850, and died in Orange, New Jersey, October 10. 191 1. His education which was a comprehensive and thorough one, was commenced at Phil- lips E.xeter Academy, New Hampshire, and continued at Yale University, being gradu- ated in chemistry and metallurgy from the Sheffield Scientific School in the class of 1873, and then became a student at the Law School of Columbia University, New York City, from which he was graduated in tin class of 1875. He established himself in the practice of his chosen profession in the city of New York, having offices at No. 62 Wall street, and at No. 141 Broadway. His residence was at No. 182 Park avenue, Orange, New Jersey, in which city he also achieved prominence in various fields, and served as president of the Second National Bank of Orange. His political affiliations were with the Republican party, and he was a member of the Trinity Congregational Church of Orange. He held membership and official position in many organizations, a list of these being as follows : Delta Kappa, Phi Theta Psi, Psi Upsilon, and Scroll and Key societies at Yale; Men- delssohn Glee Club of New York twenty years; president of the Mendelssohn Union almost twenty years ; president of the Yale Alumni Association of Essex county; presi- dent of the New York Alumni Association of Exeter Academy; Society of the Cin- cinnati ; University and Yale clubs ; New York Bar Association of New York; Graduates' Club of New Haven; president of the New England Society; Essex Coun- ty Country Club. Mr. Heald married (first) in October, 1876, Gertrude A. Gardner, of New Haven, who died the following July. He married (second) in Philadelphia, September 3, 1885, Elizabeth Manning, daughter of Jo- seph Estabrook and Hannah Amanda ( Estabrook) Manning. Children: Ruth Washburn, born August 11, 1886; Daniel Addison, May 16, 1889; Elizabeth Esta- brook, born October 13. 1894, died June 22, 1913. CONDIT, William Peck, Leader in Development of Orange. William Peck Condit, for many years prominently connected with real estate af- fairs and public matters in the Oranges, New Jersey, was a representative of an old family of Essex county. He possessed su- CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY perior business ability, keen discernment and sound judgment, and his well directed efforts were a great benefit to the commun- ity in which he resided. He won the re- spect and esteem of all with whom he came in contact, and his loss was mourned in all circles. The Condit family of New Jersey, which ])layed an important and prominent part in the history of Essex county from its earliest period down to the present day, is of Nor- man descent, and the name has had honor- able mention more than once in English history. Among the most prominent of the English members of the family was John Conduit, Knight, who married, in England, Catherine Barton, widow, niece of Sir Isaac Newton, with whom the couple resided dur- ing Sir Isaac's life, and from whom they inherited his estate. Sir John Conduit suc- ceeded Sir Isaac also as master and warden of the mint, and died January 20, 1739, at the age of eighty years. His wife died May 27, 1737, aged forty-nine. Their monument is in Westminster Abbey. They had one child who married a Mr. Wallap, eldest son of Lord Lynington. The Kensington estate descended to the Earl of Portsmouth. (I) John Cunditt, first known member of the family in this country, came to Amer- ica in 1678 with his son Peter, and settled at Newark, New Jersey. He bought land there in 1689 and 1691. and died in 1713. By his first wife he had a son Peter, of further mention. By his second wife, De- borah, he had a son John, who died before attaining his majority. There is reason to believe that his second wife was a widow when he married her, and that she had a daughter Mary, who married Ca])tain John Morris. (II) Peter Condit, only child of John Cunditt to reach maturity and marry, came to America with his father. He died in 1714, leaving a widow and seven children, from the frec|uent mention in the Newark record of the "two widows Cunditts," it seems probable that Peter's widow lived with her mother-in-law at least for some time after her husband's death. Peter Con- dit married, in 1695, Mary, a daughter of Samuel Harrison ; granddaughter of Ser- geant Richard Harrison ; and great-grand- daughter of Richard Harrison, of Cheshire, England, and of Branford, Connecticut. Children : Samuel, of further mention ; Peter, born 1698 or 1699, died July 11, 1768; married Phebe Dodd ; John, bom about 1 70 1, died about 1783, married Jo- anna, daughter of Matthew Williams, of Newark: Nathaniel, born about 1703, died June 2},, 1746, married Elizabeth, daughter of Swain and Susan (Ackerman) Ogden, of Orange; Mary, born in 1705 or 1706; Philip, born in April, 1709, died December 23, 1801, married Mary Day; Isaac, born 171 1 or 1712, was living in 1764, and mar- ried, but wife's name not known. (Ill) Samuel Condit, eldest child of Peter and Mary (Harrison) Condit, was born in Newark, New Jersey, December 6, 1696, and died July 18, 1777. About 1720 he purchased land lying between the Orange Mountains, afterwards called Pleasant Val- ley. Subtracting from this land five planta- tions of fifty acres each, he built on each plantation a house which he donated to each of his five sons, giving at the same time a family Bible apiece. He reserved for him- self a homestead plot of seventy acres. Three of these farms have ever since re- mained in the family line of descent, and it is a remarkable fact that his descendants have a continuous representation in an of- ficial capacity in the churches of Orange for more than one hundred and fifty years. He is buried in the Orange burying ground, having survived his first wife more than twenty years, and his second wife exactly five months. Their graves are near their husband, w'hile in close proximity is the resting place of his third son, Samuel Jr. Samuel Condit married (first) in 1722, Mary Dodd, born November 8, i6g8, died May 25, 1755. who became the mother of all his children. He married (second) in 342 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY 1756, Mary (Nutman) Williams, bom in 1700, died February 18, 1777; she was at the time of this marriage the widow of Amos Williams. Children of Samuel and Mary (Dodd ) Condit: i. Daniel, of fur- ther mention. 2. Jotham. born January 29, 1727, died July 9, 1752; married Rebecca Pierson. 3. Samuel, born January 13, 1729, died November 18, 1776; married (first) Mary, daughter of Joseph Smith, of Orange ; ( second ) Martha ( Carter ) Wil- cox, widow of Stephen Wilcox, of Eliza- bethtown, who after his death married (third ) Deacon Paul Day, of Bottle or Long Hill, Morris county, New Jersey. 4. Martha, born October 17, 1731, died Janu- ary 6, 183 1 : married (first) Gershom Wil- liams, ( second ) Jedediah Freeman. 5. David, born March 17, 1734, died April 24, 1777 : married Joanna Williams ; enlisted in Second Regiment, New Jersey militia, dur- ing the Revolutionary War ; promoted to major, 1776, and for gallantry brevetted lieutenant-colonel. 6. Jonathan, born Oc- tober 18, 1736. died August 29, 1823; mar- ried his cousin Jemima, daughter of John Condit ; was captain of militia, Second New Jersey Regiment, during the Revolution. ( IV ) Daniel Condit, eldest child of Samuel and Mar\' (Dodd) Condit, was born in Orange, New Jersey, December 27, 1723, and died November 11, 1785. Pie was a farmer and occupied the land given him by his father. He was also a soldier in the Revolutionary army, having enlisted as a private in the First Battalion, Second Establishment of the New Jersey militia. He married Ruth, born December 29, 1723, died November 23, 1807, a daughter of Samuel and Jemima ( Williams ) Harrison, granddaughter of Samuel and Mary (Ward I Harrison, and great-granddaughter of Sergeant Richard Harrison. Daniel Con- dit was a deacon in the Presbyterian church, and an exemplary Christian man. Chil- dren: I. Adonijah. born in 17.4.9, ditd Sc])- tember 13, 1770. 2. Eunice, married Na- thaniel Ogden. 3. Jemima, married Major 343 .\aron Harrison. 4. Mary, born January 18, 1756; married her cousin Philip, son of Philip Condit, of Morristown. 5. Joel, married Sarah Wheeler. 6. Amos, born January 2, 1759, died March 12, 1802; mar- ried Dorcas Harrison. 7. Samuel, of fur- ther mention. 8. Ira, horn February 21, 1764, died June i, 181 1, he was graduated from Princeton College, and later became a trustee thereof; vice-president and Profes- sor of Moral Philosophy in Queen's (now Rutgers ) College ; became a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church ; married Sarah, daughter of Henry Perine, of Freehold, New Jersey. (V) Samuel Condit. seventh child and fourth son of Daniel and Rutli (Harrison) Condit, was born August 16, 1761, and died August 31, 1822. After his marriage he removed to the eastern side of the Orange Mountains, and resided at what was long known as "Tory Corner." He was a farmer, a devout Christian man. a kind parent, a sincere friend, and a private in the Revolutionary \^'ar. He married, in 1785, Hannah Harrison, born October 29, 1764. died January 31, 1855, ^ daughter of Ichabod and Sarah (Williams) Harrison; granddaughter of Nathaniel Harrison ; great-granddaughter of Joseph and Dorcas (Ward) Harrison; and great-great-grand- daughter of Sergeant John Ward. Chil- dren: I. Jemima, born October 7, 1786, dieil December 16, 1788. 2. Sarah, born July 30, 1788, died .August 24, 1841 ; mar- ried Ichabod Losey. 3. Jemima, born April 29. 179T, died March 28, 1882; married Samuel Morris Dodd. whom she survived fifty-one years. 4. Eunice,, born July 2, 1793, died November 22, 1882; married John Munn. 5. Harriet, born November 22, 1795, died January 4, 1880; married (first) Viner Van Zandt Jones, (second) Deacon Henry Pierson. 6. Samuel, of further mention. 7. Mary, born November 3, 1802, died December 30, 1881 ; married Stephen Dodd. 8. Abigail, born March 29. 1804, died April 26, 1880; married CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Thomas D. Kilburii. 9. Clara, born Feb- ruary 28, 1806, died March 23, 1842 ; be- came the first wife of Thomas W. Miinn. 10. Ira H., born May 16, 1808, died Janu- ary 7, 1906; married Phebe Farrand Mul- ford, daughter of Timothy and Susan (Kitchel!) Mulford, and granddaughter of Aaron and Phebe (Farrand) Kitchell. 11. Ichabod, born December 6, 1810, died in 1811. (VI) Samuel Condit, son of Samuel and Hannah (Harrison) Condit, was born in Orange, March 22, 1798, and died Octo- ber 22, 1864. The occupation of farming was his life work, and he also devoted a large amount of time to stock raising. He was a progressive and enterprising citizen, took an active interest in everything per- taining to the welfare of the community, and was a liberal contributor to church and charitable work. He assisted in the organ- ization of the Second Presbyterian Church of Orange, and was one of its most con- sistent members and active workers. He married Phebe Peck, an only daughter, born June 17, 1801, died March 29, 1848, and they had twelve children. (VII) William Peck Condit, fifth child of Samuel and Phebe (Peck) Condit, was born March 30, 1829, in the Condit farm house which then stood at what is now the northeast corner of Washington and East Park streets. East Orange; he died, August 27, 1915, at his home, No. 139 Washington street. East Orange, New Jersey, after an illness of but two days' duration. Mr. Con- dit inherited the farmhouse and the farm from his father, whom he had assisted in cultivating it. Realizing the increased value of the property as the town grew in e.xtent. he gradually had this property divided into building plots and sold these to great ad- vantage. In the course of time a number of new streets were cut through this sec- tion under his direction, and he amassed a very comfortable fortune, a part of which, however, was swept away in the panic of 1873. .Among the thoroughfares he opened 344 were: Glenwood avenue. East Park street, Springdale avenue, all these being in East Orange ; and Park Place and Duane street in Orange. In his earlier years, after he had ceased attending the public schools, he learned the trade of carriage building with Timothy W. Mulford, but he never follow- ed this calling in later life, his business mostly in real estate, especially in Orange and East Orange. By means of his real estate operations, Mr. Condit played an im- portant part in the growth and development of Orange and of East Orange. In public aflfairs his activity was also of a nature to greatly benefit the community, and although he never particularly sought public office, it was tendered him at various times, and he held it the part of a conscientious citizen to accept these offers and do his share in upbuilding the interests of the community. For many years he had been considered as one of the leaders of the political aflfairs of the Oranges. About 1855 Mr. Condit served as quartermaster under General Jo- seph A. Condit ; during the Civil War he was provost marshal for the Eleventh Dis- trict of New Jersey; in 1873 he was elected a member of the East Orange township committee, and served one term ; he served as tax assessor and as a member of the school board of trustees; in 1897 and 1898 was appraisement commissioner for the Essex County Park Commission, which at the time was acquiring large tracts of land ; some years ago was one of the commission- ers who condemned land in Caldwell for a projected railroad ; in his earlier years he was a justice of the peace. The fraternal affiliations of Mr. Condit were with Union Lodge, No. II, Free and Accepted Ma.sons, of Orange, of which he had been past mas- ter ; Union Chapter, No. 7, Royal Arch Masons, of Newark; Kane Council, No. 2, Royal and Select Masters ; and the Thirteen Club of New York City. Mr. Condit married, in Newark, June 24, 1862, Emily A. (Mead) Olds, daughter of W'illiam and Elizabeth (Hubbard) Mead, CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY and widow of James Olds ; she died Febru- ary. I, 1915. They became the parents of children as follows : Bertha C, who died at the age of three years; Emily, of East Orange ; Mary M., who was graduated from the East Orange high school and who after- wards taught for several years in the public schools of that city, and later in New York- City; and Watson S., engaged in the mer- cantile business in Newark ; mai ried Jose- phine Sweney ; has children : Josephine, Euphenie, Richard Edison and Robert Ogden. He lives at 8 Oakwood avenue, corner of Main, Orange. COOKE, John, Prominent liOComotive Builder. John Cooke, the president of the Dan- forth Locomotive and Machine Company, was born in Montreal, Canada, August 8, 1824. His parents were W^atts and Lavinia (Donaldson) Cooke, natives of County Armagh, Ireland. His ancestors on his father's side were English, on his mother's side Scotch, having emigrated to Ireland during the persecution. Watts Cooke was a carpenter by trade, and emigrated to this country about 1822. with his wife and one son. He landed at Quebec and proceeded at once to Montreal, where an older brother worked at his trade on the famous Notre Dame Cathedral at that place. The climate and society of Montreal being uncongenial, in 1827 he re- moved to the city of Albany, New York, where he worked in Townsend's furnace until 1832, acquiring meanwhile the trade of pattern-maker. He then entered the employ of the Matteawan Machine Company, Dutchess county. New York, where he en- gaged in pattern-making. He was an ex- cellent mechanic, and possessed superior ability in the manufacture of mill-gearing. In the summer of 1839 he removed to Pat- erson. New Jersey, and entered the works of Rogers, Ketchum & Grosvenor, where he worked at pattern-making. He subse- 345 quently worked for Danforth, Cooke & Co. as pattern-maker until 1859, when he re- tired from active life. He died in 1876, and his wife in 1869. He was an industrious and able mechanic, and performed the duties of life in a modest and faithful manner. In politics he was not conspicuous, but al- ways an anti-slavery man and a staunch Republican, and never missed depositing his ballot. He was one of the founders of the Presbyterian church at Matteawan, in which he held the office of deacon, and during his residence at Paterson was a member and supporter of the Second Presbyterian Church. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cooke, of whom nine are living, five daughters and four sons. viz. : John, the subject of our sketch ; William, who engaged in the machinery supply business in New York; Watts, president of the Pas- saic Rolling Mills, Paterson ; and James, who has been superintendent of the Dan- forth Locomotive and Machine Company. The earlier life of John Cooke was in- timately identified with that of his father, and his opportunities for obtaining an educa- tion were very limited. In the district school, the cotton factory, and the machine shop he acquired a fair English education, and obtained such knowledge of machinery and active manufacture as was of great benefit to him in after life. In 1839 he came to Paterson with his father. After ar- riving in that city he enjoyed three months schooling under John D. Kiley, a teacher of great ability and culture, and possessed of fine oratorical powers. In August, 1839, at the age of fifteen, he entered the employ of Rogers, Ketchum & Grosvenor, who were at that time engaged in the manufacturing of locomotives and machinery. He learned the trade of pattern-making, and remained an apprentice until he attained his majority. During which time he spent many of his leisure hours in the study of mechanics and mechanical drawing. William Swinburne, the superintendent, withdrew from the con- cern in 1844 in order to establish the firm of CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY Swinburne, Smith & Co., machine makers, and was succeeded for a time by Stephen Thurston, formerly from Matteawan, who resigned the position after nine months ser- vice. Mr. Cooke, who was then twenty-one years of age and had already attracted the attention of Mr. Rogers, was appointed the successor of Mr. Thurston, and installed in the office of draughtsman and superintend- ent of the locomotive-shop, which carried with it at that time the general superin- tendency of the business. Thus early in life had his close application to business, his skill and ability as a mechanic, and his fidelity in the performance of his duties re- ceived the recognition of the leading locomo- tive-maker of the United States. He re- mained as superintendent of the Rogers Works, during which time many valuable improvements and changes in the business of locomotive manufacture were made, until August I, 1852, when, although oflfered an interest with Rogers, Ketchum & Grosvenor if lie would remain, he resigned the position to join Charles Danforth, Major John Ed- wards and Edwin T. Prall in the manufac- ture of cotton machines, cotton yarns, and locomotives. The firm name was Danforth Cooke & Co. Previous to that time Messrs. Danforth & Edwards had engaged simply in the manufacture of machinery and cot- ton yarn, and Mr. Prall had been their book- keeper and general business manager. Mr, Cooke was brought into the concern as one thoroughly versed in the manufacture of locomotive engines, and was given a prom- inent place in the firm and the superin- tendency of the locomotive department, the making of which was entered upon simul- taneously with his connection with the firm. Suitable shops for that purpose were soon erected, many of the special tools needed for the purpose of manufacture were made in the shop under Mr. Cooke's superintend- ence, and the first engine, the "Vincennes," was built for use on the Ohio & Mississippi railroad in the winter of 18^2. Some delav occurred in the construction of the road, so that the first engine actually delivered by the concern was in March, 1853. It was named the "Sandusky," the same as that first produced by the Rogers Works in 1836. One hundred and two engines were made in 1881, although the works had not got quite into full operation at the beginning of the year owing to their destruction by fire the preceding year. In 1865 the firm of Dan- forth, Cooke & Co. assumed the corporate name of the Danforth Locomotive and Ma- chine Co., with Mr. Danforth as president, and Mr. Cooke as superintendent of the locomotive department and as a member of the executive committee, which carries with it the office of president pro tempore, or vice-president. In 1866 the latter resigned this office to visit Europe as a means of improving his health, which had become im- paired by years of labor and toil, and was succeeded by Major John Edwards in the position of member of the executive com- mittee, and his brother James as superin- tendent of the locomotive department. Mr. Cooke returned in 1869, and was elected director and treasurer of the company in 1870. He held this position until 1872, when, upon the resignation of Mr. Dan- forth. he became president of the company, a T tjsition that he filled in an acceptable and successful manner until his death, Feb- ruan- 20. 1882. The works of the company were among the largest and most successful in the Ignited States. The abilities of Mr. Cooke as a mechanic and as an executive officer have long been recognized by those familiar with the busi- ness of locomotive building. He made a number of important contributions to the science of locomotive construction, for which he neither asked nor received special credit. He had taken out but few patents, and did not claim to be an inven- tor, considering that a locomotive builder who watches carefully the construction of his work and looks after a large force of men has no time to spend on patent im- 346 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY provements. During the thirteen years that he was employed at the Rogers Works a number of radical and progressive changes were made in the building of locomotive engines, with most of which he was identi- fied, being in the closest sympathy with Mr. Rogers in the adoption of all improvement. Among the most important of these were four and si.x drivers, instead of one pair, and the improved valve motion, which re- sulted in great economy in fuel and in increased speed. The greatest improvement in the locomotive since the building of the "Rocket" by Stephenson, and one which v^'as never patented, the link motion, was also applied during the time that Mr. Cooke was connected with the Rogers Works ; and the first model, from a drawing sent over from England, and showing the action of the valve afifected by the invention was made by him about 1864. Soon after the prin- ciple was applied by Mr. Rogers to a loco- motive, and has since come into general use. Mr. Cooke confined himself very closely through life to mechanical and constructive pursuits, although feeling an active interest in events transpiring around him, and being identified with many local movements of importance. In politics he was known as an extreme anti-slavery man. and voted for John C. Fremont in 1865. He was one of the organizers of the Republican party in Paterson, was treasurer of the central com- mittee, and active in the establishment of the "Paterson Republican," afterward absorbed by the "Guardian." He was also one of the seven trustees appointed by the subscribers to establish the "Paterson Press." He reji- resented the South Ward in the board of aldermen of Paterson in 1858 and subse- quently filled the position of president of the Board of Education of that city, which he resigned because of ill health. He was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Paterson, and was vice-president. He was also vice-president of the Paterson Savings Institution, and the Paterson Board of Trade; a director of the Passaic Rolling Mills, and also of the Paterson Gaslight Company. He was a member and regular attendant of the Second Presbyterian Church of Paterson. and for many years was the superintendent of the Sabbath school connected with that church. He married, in 1S50, Sarah .-\., daugh- ter of William Swinburne, of Paterson, who had six children, of whom four are living: Carrie S., wife of John R. Beam; John Swinburne, a graduate of Stevens' In- stitute, Hoboken : Frederick ^^'illiam, and Charles D. MARGARUM, Theodore Frelinghuysen, Financier, Public Official. In modern ages and to a large extent in the jjast, banks have constituted a vital part of organized society, and governments, both monarchial and popular, have depended upon them for material aid in times of de- pression and trouble. Their influence has extended over the entire world, and their prosperity has been the barometer which has unfalteringly indicated the financial status of all nations. Of this important branch of business Mr. Theodore Freling- huysen Margarum, late of Sussex, New Jer- sey, was a worthy representative. For more than a quarter of a century he held the re- sponsible position of cashier of the Farmers' National Bank of Deckertown, and later was its honored and efficient president. His conservative and safe policy, supplemented by modern progressiveness, was an import- ant factor in insuring the success of the in- stitution and made it one of the most reliable financial concerns in the county. Mr. Margarum was a native of Stock- holm, New Jersey, born June 7. 1840, a son of Stephen F. and Lucy (Hammond) Mar- garum, and died November 18, 1905. His ancestral history was one of long and close identification with this section of the State. His father was one of the leading business men of Sussex county, where in addition to farming he operated a forge and a saw and grist mill. Tie carried on his business af- 347 CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW JERSEY fairs on an extensive scale for those days, and in matters of public concern he exerted considerable influence. Born June 3, 1793, he died in 1852, and his wife, who was born in 1799, passed away in 1884. Their family numbered seven children : Cath- erine, wife of S. T. Lazer, of Warwick, New York ; Lucy, who died in childhood ; David P.; Mary, wife of Rev. D. E. Fram- bes, of Cape May, New Jersey; N. H., who is living on the old family homestead in Sussex county ; Edward S., who died at the age of twenty-four years. Theodore Frelinghuysen Margarum was educated in the seminary at Pennington, New Jersey, and in Wyoming Seminary, at Kingston, Pennsylvania. Upon the com- pletion of his education he entered upon his business career in Newton as clerk in a mercantile establishment. In 1865 he went to Norfolk, Virginia, with a view of enter- ing business there, but after a year re- turned to Newton, and for fifteen years was connected with its business interests as clerk and principal in a mercantile establishment. For some time he was connected with the house of Stoll, Dunn & Company, and then embarked in business independently. He was successful in his undertakings, and his well directed efforts brought to him a com- fortable competence. In 1874 he came to Deckertown to accept the position of cashier in the Farmers" National Bank. The de- posits in the institution at the time ranged from $35,000 to $50,000, but were increased to S250.000 — a fact which plainly indicated the healthy growth of the bank and its thor- ough reliability. Not a little of its success was due to the careful management and progressive spirit of Mr. Marganmi, who was the popular and efficient cashier, and later the president. He was chosen to the latter office in May, 1894, upon the death of his predecessor, John A. Whitaker. He was regarded as one of the safe and substantial business men of Sussex county, and in addi- tion to his banking interests he oversaw a large amount of property, an