xii;no.5 5 Price 10 cents "HI ATHLETIC LIBRARY OFFICIAL SPORTING » RULES ^pprai Compiled by iM xT. E.Sullivan ^ ^\ American Sports Publishing Co. . ..eet, NewYorK ii\mi,,.A,,,, A.G.Spalding & Bros. MAINTAIN THEIR OWN HOUSES ' '' FOR DISTRIBUTING THE Spalding ^^ COMPLETE LINE OF Athletic Goods IN THE FOLLOWING CITIES ^^•,ig;^.^> ' ^yvg^^^^^sfe^'^'^gr NEW YORK "Tz'l^iaa Nassau St. ""'m-SS West 42d SI. BOSTON. MASS. 141 Federal Street PHILADELPHIA, FA. 1210 Chestnut Street PITTSBURG, PA. 439 Wood Street BUFFALO, N. Y. 611 Main Street SYRACUSE, N. Y. University Block BALTIMORE, MD. 208 East Baltimore St. CHICAGO J47-149 Wabash Ave. ST. LOUIS, MO. 710 Pine Street CINCINNATI, O. 27 East Fifth Street Fountain Square CLEVELAND, O. 741 Euclid Avenue COLUMBUS, O. 191 South High Street DETROIT, MICH. 254 Woodward Avenue MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 39 Sixth Street, South ST. PAUL, MINN. 386 Minnesota Street KANSAS CITY, MO. 1111 Walnut Street DENVER, COL. 1616 Arapahoe Street SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 156-158 Geary Street SEATTLE, WASH. 71 1 Second Avenue LONDON. ENGLAND (Three Stores) 317-318, High Holborn, W. C. West End Branch : 29, Haymarket, S. W. EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND 3 South Charlotte Street (cor. Princes Street) SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA 228 Clarence Street COlUnmiCATIONS directed to a. O. SPALDING ft BROS., AT AST OF TBE ABOVE ADDRL'SSES. WILI. RECEIVK PROMPT . (Colorado Building) NEW ORLEANS, LA. 140 Carondelet Street ATLANTA, GA. 74 N. Broad Street MONTREAL, CANADA 443 St. James Street THE SPALDING TRADE-MARK IS THE 1 FOUNDATION OF THE SPALDING BUSINESS j Spalding's Athletic Library Anticipating the present ten- dency of the American people toward a healthful method of livinjr and enjoyment, Spalding's Athletic Library was established m 1892 for the purpose of encouraging ath- letics in every form, not only by publishing the official rules and records pertaining to the various pastimes, but also by instructing, until to-day Spalding's Athletic Library is unique in its own par- ticular field and has been conceded the greatest educational series on athletic and physical training sub- jects that has ever been compiled. The publication of a distinct series of books devoted to athletic sports and pastimes and designed to occupy the premier place in America in its class was an early idea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who was one of the first in America to publish a handbook devoted to athletic sports, Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide being uhe initial number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the sports prominent in the '70s. Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted to the national game. This applies especially to Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spalding does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding's able counsel at hand, goes without saying. The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do the really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever been consecutively compiled. When Spalding's Athletic Library w-s founded, seventeen years ago, track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- sional meets, when an entry list of 250 corr.petitors was a subject of com- ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawn tennia bad some vogue and base baU was practically the only established field A. G. Spalding EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just been invented; athletics for the schoolboy— and schoolg-irl— were almost unknown, and an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose "elementary series" in base ball last year 106 schools competed for the trophy emblematic of the championship. While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object that its series might be complete and the one place where a person could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he might be interested. In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- ing authority in his particular line has been obtained, with the result that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical manner. A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : JAMES E. SULLIVAN President American Sports Pubhshing Com- pany; entered the publishing house of Frank Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- ously with the publishing business since then and also as athletic editor of various New York papers; was a competing athlete; one of the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States; has been actively on its board of governors since its organization until the present time, and President for two suc- cessive terms; has attended every champion- ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in connection with American amateur championships track and field games for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, Paris, 1900; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901; chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 1906; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of the Pastime A. C, New York: honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the PubHc Schools Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York; appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic Games at Athens, 1906, and decorated by King George I. of the Hellenes (Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympit Games; ap- pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic Games at London. 1908; appointed by Mayor McClellan, 1908. as member of the Board of Education of Greater New York, tDlTORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAI^Y WALTER CAMP For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp of Yale has occupied a leading position in col- lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- tion is suggested for college athletics, or fov the betterment of conditions, insofar as college athletics is concerned, Mr. Camp has always played an important part in its conferences, and the great interest in and high plane of college sport to-day. are undoubtedly due more to Mi-. Camp than to any other individual. Mr. Camp has probably written more on college athletics than any other writer and the leading papers and maga- zines of America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp has grown up with Yale athletics and is a part of Yale's remarkable athletic system. While he has been designated as the " Father of Foot Ball," it is a well known fact that during his college career Mr. Camp was regarded as one of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field, so when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem- ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of which he is a great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide since it was first published, and also the Spalding Athletic Librai-y book on How to Play Foot Ball. There is certainly no man in American collego life better qualified to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than Mr. Camp. DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK The leading exponent of physical training in America; one who has worked hard to im- press the value of physical training in the schools; when physical training was combined with education at the St. Louis Exposition in 1904 Dr. Gulick played an important part in that congress; he received several awards for his good work and had many honors conferred upon him; he is the author of a great many books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who, acting on the suggestion of James E. Sullivan, organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, and was its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Director of Physical Training in the public schools of Greater New York, resigning the position to assume the Presidency of the Playground Association of America. Dr. Gulick is an authority on all subjects pertaining to phys- ical training and the study of the child. JOHN B. FOSTER Successor to the late Henry Chadwick ("Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- ing's Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor of the New York Evening Telegram; haa been in the newspaper business for many years and is recognized throughout America as a leading writer on the national game; a staunch supporter of organized base ball, his pen has always been used for the better- ment of the srame. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY TIM MURNANE Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and President of the New England League of Base Ball Clubs; one of the best known base ball men of the country; known from coast to coast; is a keen follower of the game and prominent in all its councils; nearly half a century ago was one of America's foremost players: knows the game thoroughly and writes from the point of view both of player and an official. HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL Sporting editor of the New York Times; graduate of the University of Pennsylvania; editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual; is an authority on the game; follows the movements of the players minutely and understands not only tennis but all other sub- jects that can be classed as athletics; no one is better qualified to edit this book than Mr. Burchell. GEORGE T. HEPBRON Former Young Men's Christian Association director; for many years an official of the Athletic League of Young Men's Christian Associations of North America ; was con^. nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Young Men's Christian Association work for over twelve years; became identified with basket ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to Play Basket Ball. JAMES S. MITCHEL Former champion weight thrower; holder of numerous records, and is the winner of more championships than any other individual in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close student of athletics and well quali.*ied to write upon any topic connected with athletic sport ; has been for years on the staff of the New York Sun. EDITORS OF SPALD/NG' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY MICHAEL C. MURPHY The world's most famous athletic trainerj the champion athletes that he has developed for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball fields, would run into thousands; he became famous when at Yale University and has been particularly successful in developing what might be termed championship teams; his rare good judgment has placed him in an enviable position in the athletic world; now with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- ing his career has trained only at two col- leges and one athletic club, Yale and the University of Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1908 at London. DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical training in the schools of Greater New York: as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic League is at the head of the most remarkable organization of its kind in the world; is a practical athlete and gymnast himself, and has been for years connected with the physi- cal training system in the schools of Greater New York, having had charge of the High School of Commerce. DR. GEORGE J. FISHER Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work for many years as physical director at Cincin- nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high reputation as organizer that he was chosen to succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North America, when the latter resigned to take charge of the physical training in the Public Schools of Greater New York. DR. GEORGE ORTON On athletics, college athletics, particularly track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and training of the youth, it would be hard to find one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had the necessary athletic experience and the ability to impart that experience intelligently to the youth of the land; for years was the American, British and Canadian champion runner. EDITORS OF SPALDINC'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY FREDERICK R. TOOMBS A well known authority on skating, rowing, boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; was sporting editor of American Press Asso- ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- yer and has served several terms as a member of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of New York; has written several novels and historical works. R. L. WELCH A resident of Chicago; the popularity of indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; a player himself of no mean ability; a first- class organizer: he has followed the game of indoor base ball from its inception. DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON Has been connected with Yale University for years and is a recognized authority on gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- jects; is the author of many books on physical training. CHARLES M. DANIELS Just the man to write an authoritative book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the world has ever known; member New York Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion Daniels describes just the methods one must use to become an expert swimmer. GUSTAVE BOJUS Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to write intelligently on all subjects pertaining to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one of America's most famous amateur athletes; has competed successfully in gymnastics and many other sports for the New York Turn Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; was responsible for the famous gymnastic championship teams of Columbia University; now with the Jersey City high schools. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY CHARLES JACOBUS Admitted to be the "Father of Roque;" one of America's most expert players, win- ning' the Olympic Championship at St. Louis in 1904; an ardent supporter of the game and fallows it minutely, and much of the success of roque is due to his untiring efforts; certainly there is no one better qualified to write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. DR. E. B. WARMAN Well known as a physical training expert; was probably one of the first to enter the field and is the author of many books on the sub- ject; lectures extensively each year all over the country. W. J. CROMIE Now with the University of Pennsylvania; was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director; a keen student of all gymnastic matters; the author of many books on subjects pertaining to physical training. G. M. MARTIN By profession a physical director of the Young Men's Christian Association: a close student of all things gymnastic, and games for the classes in the gymnasium or clubs. PROF. SENAC A leader in the fencing world ; has main- tained a fencing school in New York for years and developed a great many cham- pions ; understands the science of fencing thoroughly and the benefits to be derived therefrom. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Si Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now in print, grouped for ready reference P SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Spalding's Official Base Ball Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. How to Play Base Ball. How to Bat. How to Run Bases. How to Pitch. How to Catch. How to Play First Base. How to Play Second Base. How to Play Third Base. How to Play Shortstop. How to Play the Outfield. How to Organize a Base Ball Club. [League. How to Organize a Base Ball How to Manage a Base Ball Club. HowtoTrainaBaseBallTeam GPOUP VI. How to Captain a Base Ball How to Umpire a Game. [Team Technical Base Ball Terms. No. 219. Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Percentages. BASE BALL AUXILIARIES No. lA Official Base Ball Record. No. 319. *MinorLeagueBaseBallGuide No. 320. 'Official Book National League of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. No. 306 Official Handbook National Playground Ball Assn. •Published in April, 1909. firoop II. Foot Ball No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide. No. 315 How to Play Foot Ball. No. 2a Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide. No. 286 How to Play Soccer. No. I No. lA No. 2 No. 2A No. 3 No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. firoop i. No. 1 No. 202 No. 223 No. 232 No. 230 No. 229 No. 225 No. 226 No. 227 No. 228 No. 224 No. 231. Base Ball Guide Base Ball Record Foot Ball Guide Soccer Foot Ball Guide Cricket Guide Lawn Tennis Annual Golf Guide Ice Hockey Guide Basket Ball Guide Bowling Guide Indoor Base Ball Guide Roller Polo Guide Athletic Almanac FOOT BALL AUXILIARY No. 303 Spalding's Official Canadian Foot Ball Guide. Group III. cricket No. 3 Spalding' sOfficialCricket Guide. No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- nis Annual. No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn Tennis. Group V. Golf No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide. No. 276 How to Play Golf. Hockeg No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockev Guide. No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. No. 154 Field Hockey. (Lawn Hockey. No. 188 -^Parlor Hockey. (.Garden Hockey. No. 180 Ring Hockey. HOCKEY AUXILIARY No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario Hockey Association. Group VII. Basket Ball No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide. No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. No. 318 Basket Ball Guide for Women. BASKET BALL AUXILIARY No. 312 Official Collegiate Basket Ball Handbook. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOVS HAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS "^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY JT Group VIII. Bowling No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling Guide. GPOBp IX. Indoor Base Ball No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide. Group X. Polo No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide. No. 129 Water Polo. No. 199 Equestrian Polo. Group XI. Miscellaneous Ganes No. 201 Lacrosse. No. 305 Official Handbook U. S. Inter- collegiate Lacrosse League. No. 248 Archery. No. 138 Croquet. No. 271 Roque. (Racquets. No. 194-^Squash-Racquett. (Court Tennis. No. 13 Hand Ball. No. 167 Quoits. No. 170 Push Ball. No. 14 Curling. No. 207 Lawn Bowls. No. 188 Lawn Games. No. 189 Children's Games. Group XII. Aimetlcs No. 12 Spaldijig's Official Athletic Almanac. No. 27 College Athletics. No. 182 All Around Athletics- No. 156 Athletes' Guide. No. 87 Athletic Primer No. 273 Olympic GamesatAthens,1906 No. 252 How to Sprint. No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards. No. 174 Distance and Cross Country Running. [Thrower. How to Become a Weight Official Sporting Rules, [boys. Athletic Training for School- ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES No. 311 Amateur Athletic Union Offi- cial Handbook. [book. Intercollegiate Official Hand- Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook. No.3U Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook — Girls' Branch. Intercollegiate Cross Country Association Handbook. No. 308 O.ricial Handbook New York In terscholastic Athletic Association. •^o. 317 Marathon Running. No. 259 No. 55 No. 246 No. 307 No. 302 No. 313 No. 316 Group XIII. Athletic Accompilshncits No. 177 How to Swim. No. 296 Speed Swimming. No. 128 How to Row. No. 209 How to Become a Skater. No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. No. 23 Canoeing. No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. Group XIV. Manly Sports (By Breck.) ( By Senac.) No. 18 Fencing. No. 162 Boxing. No. 165 Fencing. No. 140 Wrestling. No. 236 How to Wrestle. No. 102 Ground Tumbling. No. 233 JiuJitsu. No. 166 How to Swing Indian Clubi. No. 200 Dumb Bell Exercises. No. 143 Indian Clubs and Dumb BelU. No. 262 Medicine Ball Exercises. No. 29 Pulley Weight Exercises. No. 191 How to Punch the Bag. No. 289 Tumbling for Amateurs. Group XV. Gymnastics No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- cises. No.214 Graded Calisthenics and Dumb Bell Drills. No. 254 Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. No. 158 Indoor and Outdoor Gym- nastic Games. No. 124 How to Become a Gymnast No. 287 Fancy Dumb Bell and March- ing Drills. Group XVI. No. 161 Physical culture i s e for Ten Minutes' Exe Busy Men. Physical Education and Hy- giene. No. 149 Scientific Physical Training and Care cf the Body. No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. No. 185 Hints on Health. No. 213 2S5 Health Answers. No. 233 Muscle Building. No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- ning. Tensing Exercises. Health by Muscular Gym- nastics. Indigestion Treated by Gym- nastics. Get Well ; Keep Well, No. No. 2G1 No. 285 No. 288 No. 290 ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAiLEO f OSTf Alfl UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS SPALDINGAmEIICUBBM : National. American and minor ieagues : re- views of the season: college Base Ball. and a Kreat deal of interesting m- formation. Price 10 cents. No. 202— HOTT to IMnr BB«e Edited by Tim Mumane. New and revised edition. Illustrated with pic tures ehowine how all the vanou curves and drops are thrown and por traiuot leading players. PncelOcenu Bat. i of becomin o 211)— ReBily Reckoner of Base Ball Percentaeea. To supply a demand for abook wl-ich 'ould show the percentage of clubs without recourse to thearduous work of figuring.the publishers had these Ubles compiled by an expert. Price 10 cents. SE BALL AUXILIARIES. . lA — SpnlillnB'n Ofliclill Ba»e Ball Recor.I. ew in Base Ball. Con- ' all kinds from the be- official averaees of all professional o ganizations for past season. 10 cen No. ai»-Mlnor I.eaKue Bai Ball Gnlde. The minors' own guide. Edited 1 President T. H. Mumane, of the N< England League. Price 10 cents. No. 320w-OflIclal f Profesaiona Group in. Cricket No. 223— How There is no betl a prortcient batter book and practis... - . ,„ Numerousilluatrations. PncelOcenu. No. -232— How to Han the This book gives clear and concise directions for excelling as a base run- ner: tells when to run and when not to do so; how and when to slide: team No. 230-How to Fltcn. A.new. up-to-date book. Its cont*nl »re the practical teaching of men wh have reached the top as pitchers, an who know how to impart a knowleds of their art- All the big league pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. No. 229— HoiT to Cnteh. Every boy who has hopes of being a clever catcher should read how well- known players cover their position. Pictures of all the noted catchers in the big leagues. Price 10 cents. No. 22.-V-HOW to Play First .r^ ... ^ . . ^ _ ReporU of special matches, official rules and pictur. ' -" By Prince Ranjitsinhji. The game described concisely and illustrated with full-page pictures posed especially for this book. Price 10 cents. „, Lawn Group IV. Tennis ^o. 4— Spalding"* Offlclal le Constitution. By- Official Rules. Averages a of the National League for i...= .-». year, together with list of club officers and reports of the annual meetings oj the League. Price 10 cents. No. aoe— omelal Handbook .National Playsronnd Ball This game is specially adapted for playgrounds, parks, etc.. is spreading [fo'n'i^f th^e';^'"""' and' 'offi^'r?' Foot Ball Ine'H Offlclal Ball GalAe. Edited by Walter Camp. ContainB the Group n. Illustrated prominent fir No.'^46— tto.w ith pictures of all the first basemen. Price lOcents. Play Second ^e ideas of the best second bas«TriBn have been incorporated in this book for the especial benefit of boys who want to know the fine points of play at this pointof thediamond. Price 10 cents. No. 227— How to Play Thlril Thii most important of the i points that an expert ;o learn. Snapshots of and players ' and Science . Vaile. a leading authority ne in Great F ' All the lined. Price 10 cents. Ao. 22S-HOW to Play Short- Shortstop is one of tK hardest posi- tions on the infield to fill, and quick thought and quick action are necessary for a player who expecU to make good u a shortstop. lUus. Price 10 cents. Ko. 224— How to Play the Ontfleld. An Invaluable guide for the out- Allder. Price 10 cents No. 231— How to CoBChl How <» rnntnln n Team; How England . and illus- photographs of players in action. Price 10 cents. FOOT BALL Al'XILIARIES. No. 303— SpalalnK'a OBlcla Group V. No. B— Spnldlnn's Golf Guide. Contains records of all important tourr es on the t players, official play- Golf Official i (T to Play Golf. id ftnd Harry Vardon. . greatest players tell icturea of them taken Group VI. Hockey No. O— Spniillnff's Offlclal lc« The official year book of :he game. Contains the )fficial rulea, pictures of eadinff teanis and players, records, review of the season, reports from dif- ferent pections of th»' I United States ' Pric« 10 qenu SRyffljVGATHLETIC lIBRARy SPALDING ATHLETIC DBRffl tw weights, general hints ( ly scenes of champions if 273— The Olympic < the Olympic Games. Price 10 c how to orsranize an athletic club, how to conduct an athletic meeting, anc gives rules for the government of ath' letic meetings: contents also includf directions for laying out athleti. eroundp. and a very instructive artici) «n training. Price 10 cents. his book toadvan- to Ran lOO of training are nov American athleTe's. but his succ the beet tribute to their worth. By George Orton. Teraity of Pennsylv quarter, half, mile of the A.A.U. The A. A. U. is the governing body f athletes in the United SUtes of nderits rules, which are exclusively nd every club officer in America, ilso includes a very interesting article n "The Growth cf American Ath- >tic3." and a short history of each nember of the Board of Governors. cinl Intercoll .A.A. Ilnnilboo waofathle tics': records from 187$ to o, SOS— Ofllrlnl Hnn«lbooU Now York Inter«chol- niNtlc Athletic AmocIu- fcnntains the Association's records, institution and by-laws and other information. Pi ice 10 centsj 30a— OIHclnl V.M.C.A. rules governing No. il'jy— Speed Swlmmlnsr* By Champion C. M. Daniels of th» New York Athletic Club team, holder iwimmer in America quaiinea to on the subject. Any boy should 3le to increase his speed in the r after reading Champion paniela* jctions on the subject. Pnc« » No. 2(19— How to BecOB ConUins advice for beginners; how figure skaters. Picturt llnii«lbook. Contains the o " sports under Y. M. C. A athletes. Price do. 313— Offlcltil Handbook of the Piihllo Schools Athletic LeuBiie. Edited by Dr. Luther H^lsey Gulick. lirector of ph York public 8C Price 10 cents. No. 314-Offlel Girls' Brnneh Public Schools Illustrated. Hntitlbonk ial publication. Contains; 1 and by-laws, list of offi- i. founders, bfe and annual reports an of separately. Price JO cents. Ro. 65— Official SporttDK Contains rules not found in other publications for the government of many sports; rules for wrestling. ihuffleboard, snowshoeing. profes- sional racing, pigeon shooting, dog Group xm. Athletic Accomplishments No. ISS-How to Row. By E. J. Giannini. of the New York Athletic Club, one of America's SS2-Offlclal Roller Skatlns Oulde. irections for becoming a fancy and k roller skater, and rules for roller skating. Pictures of prominent trick in action. Price 10 centa. 75— Mow to Train for yelliis* methods of the best rider* ig. Revised and particular. Pric* «»,T Manly Group XIV. Sports No. 140-WreatIlnK. style. Seventy fthediffe little effort leant tographed that anybody can with every one. Price 10 c No. IS— FenclDK, By Dr. Edward Breck. of editor of The T nent amateur fe acknowledged to be a standard V No. 102— noslns: Gnlde. egpecially for thisbook under the s boxing, wl knowledge. Price 10 c No. 10."f— The Art of Fcncllls By Regis and Louis Senae. of New York, famous instructors and leading authorities on the subject. Gives in detail how every move should be made. No. 236-How to Wre»tle. SPALDING ATHLETIC UBRARV ninbllns: for Ama- Specially compiled for No. IBl— HoTT t< Bns. The best treatise < I diflferent positionB , "bair punch and explained, with a chapter on fancy baff punchinff by a well-known theatri- cal bag puncher. Price 10 centa. {«o. 143-Indian Claba and *By America'samateurchampion club •winger, J. H. DouEherty. It is clearly 1. by which any novice can I expert. Price 10 cents. that been offered. By Prof. G. New York. ConUins 200 photographs. Should be in the handa of every teacher and pupil of physical culture, and is Invaluable for hOme exercise. Price 10 cents. No. 2e2-Medlclne Ball Ex- A aeries of plain and practical th& ■ -rls.busines ' EYnuiasium. r boys and girls, bus sional men. in and out Wo, 29— Pnlley Welffht Excr- cisea. By Dr. HenryS. Anderson, instrvctor to S^lns In- dian ClabB. By Prof. E. B. Warman. By follow. Ing the directions carefully anyone can Group XV. Gymnastics No. 104— The Gradins: of Grmnaatlc Exerciaea. be in the hands of every physical direc- tor of the Y. M. C. A., school chib. cvT- ««a.«t«. Price 10 erata. 214-Grnd«d Callathen quently the begin amount as the older tempted. Price W-cenU. No. 254— Barnjam Bar Drill. Edited by Dr. R. Tait McKenzie. Director Physical Training, University of Pennsylvania. Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 1S8— Indoor No. 124— How to Become a Gymna.t. By Robert Stoll. of ti.e New York A. C, the American champion on the flying rings from 1885 to 1892. Any boy can easily become proficient with a little practice. Price 10 centa. No. 2MT-Fanor Dnmb Bell „ the adolescent i ferable to setdrills and mor These drUl3,wh; ligned primarily for boys, can be Group XVI. ^^^ cfee for Baay Hen. By Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick. Direc- * Physical Training in the New Vo. 208— Phralcal Edacntlon nn.l Hrslene. This is the fifth of the Physical No.l49-The Careof the BoHy. A book that all who value health should read and follow its instructions. By Prof. E. B. Warman. the well-known lecturer and authority on physical cul- Ical Training No. 142— Phyi Slmpllfled. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Ac thorough and practical book where the whole man is considered— brain and No. 185— Health Hints. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Health In* fluenced by insulation: health influ- Uh influenced sical Training in the New Yor'c , Schools. A' complete treatis* «a the correct method of acquiring a jrngth Illustrat^l Price 10 cents. No. 234— School Tactlci IIK 1 Aaeriesof drillsfortheuseof.ach qIj^ Editeti by Dr. Luther Halsey Gu ick. Director of Physical Training in the New York Public Schools. Price 10 : thorough, t fascinating of ajrf* No. 2»5— Health! by Ma*ev tar Gymnaatlca. With hints on right living. By W.J. Cromie, If one will practice the exer- cises and observe the hinta therein contained, he will be amply repaid for 80 doing. Price 10 cents. No. 2MK— indifireatloa Treated By W. J. Cromie. If the hints thet«> in contained are observed and the exercises faithfully performed great relief wiU be experienced. Price 10 o. 29a-Get Weill Keep Well. By Prof. E. B. Warman. anthdr of « number of booksiin the Spakltng Ath- letic Library oo physical traininC' Price 10 <: A. G. SPALDING. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group XII. :: :: No. 55 OFFICIAL SPORTING RULES Containing the Official Rules for Miscellaneous Games and Contests Not Scheduled in Other Numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library COMPILED BY JAMES E. SULLIVAN Published by AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY 21 Warren Street. New York Copyright, 1909, bv American Sports Publisliiiig Company INDEX Rugby Foot Ball Olympic Games Events — Marathon Race Stone Throwing with Impetus Javelin Throwing Hellenic Methods of Throwing the Discus Throwing the Discus (Greek Style) for Youths Water Polo (English) Water Push Ball .Sack Racing Wall Scaling Three-Legged Race Shuffleboard Snowshoeing Sheffield Rules for the Government of Professional Racing. Dog Racing H itch and Kick Boat Racing Revolver Shooting Pigeon Flying Race Rugby Polo Caledonian Games Water Basket Ball Pin Ball Walking Betting Skittles Obstacle Races Broadsword (mounted) Bat Ball Ring Hockey Complete List of Official Rules for all Sports. PAGE 3 12 12 13 13 14 17 22 24 24 24 25 26 30 31 33 34 40 44 47 S3 6o 63 65 66 68 68 69 71 77 85 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. ^ RUGBY FOOT BALL RULES Jl As Adopted by the Rugby Foot Ball Union of Great Britain. _1 Published by Permission of The Cricket Press, London, England. I.-INTRODUCTION. 1. The Rugby game of foot ball should be played by 15 play- ers on each side. (Anyone coming under the laws of profes- sionalism shall not he allowed to take part in any game under this Union's jurisdiction). The field of play shall not e.xceed no yards in length, nor 75 in breadth, and shall be as near these dimensions as practicable. The lines defining the boundary of the field-of-play shall be suitably marked, and shall be called the goal-lines at the ends and the touch-lines at the sides. On each goal line and equi-distant from the touch lines shall be two upright posts, called goal posts, exceeding 11 feet in height, and placed 18 feet six inches apart, and joined by a cross-bar 10 feet from the ground; and the object of the game shall be to kick the ball over this cross-bar and between the posts. The game shall be played with an oval ball of as nearly as possible the following size and weight, namely: Length 11 to 11 ^4 ins. Length circumference 30 to 31 ins. Width circumference 25^/ to 26 ins. Weight 13 to 14^/. ozs. Hand sewn and not less than eight stitches to the inch. IL— GLOSSAR^DUTIES OF OFFICL\LS— SCORING. 2. The followiiiig' telrns occur in the laws, and have the re- spective meanings attached to each : Dead-Ball Line. — Not more than 25 yards behind and as near therein as possible, and equi-distant from each goal line, shall be lines, which shall be called the Dead-ball lines, and if the ball, or player holding the ball, touch or cross these lines the ball shall be dead and out of play. In-Goal. — Those portions of the ground immediately at the ends of the field of play and between the touch lines, produced 4 SPALDINC'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. PLAN OF FIELD p p OF PLAY A Q ELD T TOUCH T A Q p p A A, A A.— Goal Lines. PP, PP.— Goal Posts. TT. TT.— Touch Lines. QQ, QQ.— Touch in Goal. The Touch Lines and Goal Lines should be cut out of the Turf or otherwise well defined. The Field-of-Play should not exceed 110 yards in length nor 75 yards in breadth, and should be as near those dimensions as practicable. The maximum extent of the Dead-Ball Line is 25 yards The Post and Flags marking the centre and 25 yards should be kept well back from the touch-lines. -.-i/ SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. S to the dead-ball lines, are called In-Goal. The goal lines are in- goal. Touch. — Those portions of the ground immediately at the sides of the field of play and between the goal lines, if produced, are called Touch. 1 he touch lines and all posts and tiags mark- ing these lines, or the centre, or twenty-five-yards lines, are in touch. ToucH-iN-GuAL.— Those portions of the ground immediately at the four corners of the field-of-play, and between the goal and touch lines, if respectively produced, are called Touch-in- Goal. The corner posts and flags are in touch-in-goal. A Drop-Kick is made by letting the ball fall from the hands and kicking it as it rises. A Place-Kick is made by kicking the ball after it has been placed on the ground for the purpose. A Punt is made by letting the ball fall from the hands and kicking it before it touches the ground. A Tackle is when the holder of the ball is held by one or more players of the opposite side. Held is when the player carrying the ball cannot pass it. A Scrummage, which can only take place in the field of play, is formed by one or more players from each side closing round the ball when it is on the ground, or by their closing up in readi- ness to allow the ball to be put on the ground between them. A Try is gained by the player who first puts his hand on the ball on the ground in his opponents' in-goal. A Touch Down is when a player touches down, as above, in his own in-goal. A Goal is obtained by kicking the ball from the field of play, except from a punt, from a kick-ofif, or from a drop-out, direct (i. e., without touching the ground or any player of either side) over the opponents' cross-bar, whether it touch such cross-bar, or the goal posts, or not. Knocking-On and Throwing-Forward are propelling the ball by the hand or arm in the direction of the opponents' in-goal ; a throw-out of touch cannot be claimed as a throw-forward. A Fair Catch is a catch made direct from a kick, or knock- on, or throw-forward, by one of the opposite side ; the catcher must immediately claim the same by making a mark with his heel at the spot where he made the catch. Kick-Off is a place kick from the centre of the field-of-play; the opposite side may not stand within ten yards of the ball, nor charge until the ball be kicked, otherwise another kick-off shall be allowed. If the ball pitch in touch the ouposite side may have it kicked-off again. 6 SPALDING-S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Drop-Out is a drop-kick from within twenty-five yards of the kicker's goal Hne ; within which distance the opposite side may not charge, otherwise another drop-out shall be allowed. If the ball pitch in touch the opposite side may have it dropped out again. At kick-off the ball must reach the limit of ten yards, and at drop-out must reach the twenty-five yards line. If otherwise, the opposite side may have the ball re-kicked, or scrummaged at the centre or in the middle of the twenty-five yards line, as the case may be. OFFSIDE (See Laws 7 and 8). 3. In all matches a Referee and two Touch-Judges must be appointed, the former being mutually agreed upon. The Referee must carry a whistle, the blowing of which shall stop the game; he must whistle in the following cases : (a) When a player makes and claims a fair catch. (b) When he notices rough or foul play or misconduct. For the first offense he shall either caution the player or order him off the ground, but for the second offense he must order him off. If ordered off, the player must be reported by him to this Union. (c) When he considers that the continuation of play is dangerous. (d) When he wishes to stop the game for any purpose. (c) If the ball or a player running with the ball touch him. (/) At half-time and no-side, he being the sole time-keep- er, having sole power to allow extra time for delays, but he shall not whistle for half-time or no-side un- til the ball be held or out of play. (g) When he notices any irregularity of play whereby the side committing such gain an advantage. • (//) When he notices a breach of Laws 5 and 15. (i) When he wishes to enforce any penalty under Law II. (;■) When a goal is kicked. (A^ When the ball goes into touch in goal. (7) When the ball or a player running with it touch him, in which case it shall be scrummaged at the spot. The Referee shall be sole judge in all matters of fact, but as to matters of law. there shall be the right of appeal to the Rugby Union. The Touch Judges shall carry flags, and shall each take one side of the ground, outside the field of play, and the duty of each shall be to hold up his flag when and where the ball goes into touch, or touch in goal, and also to assist the referee when SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7 kicks at goal from a try, fair catch, or free kicks arc being taken, each standing at a goal post. 4. The Captains of the respective sides shall toss for the choice of in-goal or the kick-off. Each side shall play an equal time from each in-goal, and a match shall be won by a ma- jority of points ; if no point be scored, or the number is equal, the match shall be drawn. The following shall be the mode of scoring: A Try equals 3 points. A Penalty Goal " 3 A Goal from a Try (in which case the Try shall not count) " 5 Any other Goal " 4 5. At the time of the kick-off, all the kicker's side shall be behind the ball ; if any are in front, the referee shall blow his whistle and order a scrummage where the kick-off took place. The game shall be re-started by a kick-off. — (a) After a goal, by the side losing such goal, and (b) After half-time by the opposite side to that which started the game. III.— MODE OF PLAY.— DEFINITIONS. 6. When once the game is started, the ball may be kicked or picked up and run with by any player who is on-side, at any time, except that it may not be picked up — (a) In a scrummage. (b) When it has been put down after it has been fairly held, (r) When it is on the ground after a player has been tackled. It may be passed or knocked from one player to another, pro- vided it be not passed, knocked, or thrown forward. If a player while holding or running with the ball be held, he MUST at once put it fairly down between him and his opponents' goal line. 7. A player is placed off-side, if he enters a scrummage from his opponents' side, or if the ball has been kicked, touched or is being run with by one of his own side behind him. A player can be off-side in his opponents' in-goal, but not in his own, ex- cept where one of his side takes a free kick behind his goal line, in which case all of his side must be behind the ball when kicked. 8. An off-side player is placed on-side — (a) When an opponent has run five yards with the ball. {b) When the ball has been kicked by or has touched an opponent. (c) When one of his side has run in front of him with the ball. 8 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. ((/) When one of his side has run in front of him, having kicked the ball when behind him. An off-side player shall not play the ball, nor during the time an opponent has the ball, run, tackle, or actively or passively ob- struct, nor may he approach or wilfully remain within ten yards of any player waiting for the ball, for any breach of this law th,; opposite side, shall be awarded, at their option — - (e) A free kick, the place of such breach being taken as the mark. (f) A scrummage at the spot where the ball was last played by the offending side before such breach oc- curred. Except in the case of unintentional off-side, when a scrum- mage shall be formed where such breach occurred. g. If a player makes a fair catch, a free kick shall be awarded even though the whistle has been blown for a knock-on or a throw forward. Any player on the same side may take the kick or place the ball. ID. All free kicks may be place-kicks, drop-kicks, or punts, but must be in the direction of the opponents' goal-line, and across the kicker's goal-line, if kicked from behind the same. They may be taken at any spot behind the mark in a line parallel to the touch-lines. In all cases the kicker's side must be behind the ball when it is kicked, except the player who may be placing the ball for a place kick, and it is the duty of the referee to see that the ball be kicked from the parallel line. In case of any infringement of this law, the referee shall order a scrummage at the mark. The opposite side may come up to, and charge from, anywhere on or behind a line drawn through the mark and paral- lel to the goal lines, and may charge as soon as the kicker com- mences to run, or offers to kick, or the ball be placed on the ground for a place kick, but in case of a drop-kick or punt the kicker may always draw back, and unless he has dropped the ball the opposite side must retire to the line of the mark. But if any of the opposite side do charge before the player having the ball commences to run or offers to kick, or the ball has touched the ground for a place kick (and this applies to tries at goal as well as free kicks), provided the kicker has not taken his kick, the charge may be disallowed. IV.— PENALTIES. * II. Free kicks by way of penalties shall be awarded if any player — • (a) Intentionally either handles the ball, or falls down in a scrummage, or picks the ball out of a scrummage. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 8 (/?) Having tlic ball, does not imniediateU' put it down in front of liim, on it being beid. ((•) Being on tbe ground, does not immediately get up. (d) Prevents an opponent getting up or putting the ball down. (e) Illegally tackles, charges or obstructs, as in Law 8. If) Wilfully holds an opponent who has not got the ball. (g) Wilfully liacks, hack-over, or trips up. (Ii) Wilfully puts the ball unfairly into a scrummage, or, the ball having come out, wilfully returns it by hand or foot into the scrummage. (;■) Not himself running at the ball, charged or obstructs an opponent not holding the ball. (;') Shouts "all on side," or words to that effect when his players are not on side. (k) Not in a scrummage, wilfully obstructs his opponents' backs by remaining on his opponents' side of the ball when it is in a scrummage. (/) Wilfully prevents the ball being put fairly into a scrummage. (ot) Being in a scrummage, lift a foot from the ground be- fore the ball has been put into such scrummage. (m) If any player or team wilfully and systematically break any law or laws for which the penalty is only a scrummage or cause unnecessary loss of time. The places of infringement shall be taken as the mark, and any one of the side granted the free kick may place or kick the ball. On breach of sub-section (/) the opposite side shall be award- ed at their option — (i) A scrummage where the ball was last played. (2) A free kick at the place of infringement. v.— GENERAL. 12. The ball is in touch when it, or a player carrying it, touch or cross the touch-line ; it shall then belong to the side opposite to that last touching it in the field of play, except when carried in. One of the side to whom the ball belongs shall bring it into play at the spot where it went into touch by one of the follow- ing methods : (fl) Throwing it out so as to alight at right angles to the touch-line ; or (b) Scrummaging it at any spot at right angles to the touch line ten yards from the place where it went into touch. 10 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. If the referee blows his whistle because the ball has been thrown out so as not to alight at right angles to the touch line, the opposite side shall bring it out as in (c). 13. When the side has scored a try the ball shall be brought from the spot where the try was gained into the field of play in a line parallel to the touch-lines, such distance as the placer thinks proper, and there he shall place the ball for one of his side to try and kick a goal ; this place kick is governed by Law 10 as to charging, etc., the mark being taken as on the goal line. It is the duty of the referee to see that the ball is taken out straight. The referee snail award a try, if, in his opinion, one would undoubtedly have been obtained but for unfair play or interfer- ence of the defending side ; or, he shall disallow a try and ad- judge a touch-down, if in his opinion, a try would undoubtedly not have been gained but by unfair play or interference of the attacking side. In case of a try so allowed the kick at goal shall be taken at any point on a line parallel to the touch lines, and, passing through the spot where the ball was when such unfair play or interference took place. 14. If the ball, when over the goal' line and in possession of a player, be fairly held by an opposing player before it is ground- ed, it shall be scrummaged five yards from the goal line, opposite the spot where the ball was held. 15. After an unsuccessful try or touch down, or if the ball after crossing the goal-line go into touch-in-goal or touch, or cross the dead-ball line, it shall be brought into play by means of a drop out, when all the kicker's side must be behind the ball when kicked ; in case any are in front, the referee shall order a scrummage on the 25 yards line and equi-distant from the touch lines. 16. In case of a throw forward or knock-on, the ball shall be brought back to the place where such infringement occurred and there be scrummaged, unless a fair catch has been allowed, or unless the opposite side gain an advantage. 17. If a player shall wilfully kick, pass, knock, or carry the ball back across his own goal line, and it there be made dead, the opposite side may claim that the ball shall be brought back and a scrummage formed at the spot whence it was kicked, passed, knocked, or carried back. Under any other circumstances a player may touch the ball down in his own in-goal. 18. Hacking, hacking over, or tripping up are illegal. The referee shall have full power to decide what part of a player's dress, including boots and projections thereon, buckles, rings, etc., are dangerous, and having once decided that any part is SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 11 dangerous shall order such plaj^er to remove the same, and shall not allow him to take further part in the game until such be removed. 19. In case of any law being infringed in in-goal by the at- tacking side, a touch-down shall be awarded, but where such breach is committed by the defending side, a scrummage shall be awarded five yards from the goal line, opposite to the spot where the breach occurred. But in the case of any law being broken, or any irregularity of play occurring on the part of either side not otherwise provided for, the ball shall be taken back to the place where the breach of the law or irregularity of play oc- curred, and a scrummage formed there. 20. There shall be an annual close time, during which it is illegal to play football where gate-money is taken, such close time being between 21st of April and the ist of September. In the event in any year of the Tuesday in Easter Week falling later than April 21st, for such year the close season shall commence from the Wednesday in the Easter Week. J2 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. OLYMPIC GAME S EVENTS From the Official Handbook of the Olympic Games of Athens. MARATHON RACE, (o) The Marathon race, 42 kilometers (26 miles), is run on the high road from Marathon to Athens. (b) The starting line is drawn at a point on the road situated 42 kilometers (26 miles) from the goal, which is fixed in the Stade. (c) The competitors are followed by an equal number of ofificials on horseback or on bicycles. (d) Any runner who impedes the progress of another com- petitor will be disqualified, as was arranged in regard to other races. In the same way, any runner who shall have attempted to shorten the route, by cutting across or by using any other means of locomotion, will be disqualified. (e) The place of each competitor is determined by lots. If the runners are too numerous, two or more rows according to requirements will be formed at the start. (/) Each runner is entitled to be followed by a person carry- ing refreshments, or one commissioned to render him first med- ical aid during the course of the race. This person may under no circumstances precede the runner, and the latter is immediately disqualified should the follower have impeded the progress of a competitor. STONE THROWING WITH IMPETUS. (a) A lump of Pentelique marble is used, oval in form and weighing 6 kilogrammes 400 grammes. The stone is. thrown from the shoulder with one hand only. (b) Instead of the pedestal, a noticeable line is drawn on the ground which the competitor may tread on before throwing, but he is forbidden to overstep it by the length of a whole foot. (c) The length of the run is left to the will of the competitor; he may also, during his run, hold the stone in one or both hands, until he reaches the limit of the throwing line. {d) The competitor has the right to throw the stone, either before reaching the line or as he reaches it, but not after having passed it. In case of infringement of this rule, the throw counts as an unsuccessful attempt ; the same rule applies when the thrower passes the line without throwing the stone. (e) The distance is measured perpendicularly from the point where the stone first touches the ground and the line strving as a limit or to its prolongation. Each competitor is allowed the same number of attempts as in throwing the discus. SrALDINGS ATHLETIC LIBRARV. 13 THROWING THE JAVELIN. (a) The Javelin shall be 2.6 meters long (8.1 feet) and 800 grammes in weight {1.6 pounds). It shall be of wood with a sharp iron point, and shall have about the center of gravity a grip formed by a binding of whipcord without knots ; it shall not be provided with a thong, and the shaft shall not be notched. (b) The throwing shall take place from behind a scratch line. The thrower may place his foot or feet upon the line, but if either foot passes the line entirely before the javelin first strikes the ground the throw is invalid. (f) No throw shall be counted in which the point of the javelin does not strike the ground before any part of the shaft. (d) It is open to the competitors to throw with either hand and with or without a run. (e) The throw is measured from the point at which the point of the javelin first strikes the ground perpendicularly to the scratch line, or the scratch line produced. In the Free Style the manner of holding the javelin is left to the absolute discretion of each competitor. In the Style in which the javelin is held in the middle, the javelin must be held by the grip, and no other method of holding is admissible. HELLENIC METHODS OF THROWING THE DISCUS. (a) For this test a pedestal 80 centimeters long and 70 centi- meters broad is inclined, with a maximum height of 15 centi- meters behind and a minimum height of 5 centimeters in front. {b) The Hellenic method of throwing the discus is something like the following : The thrower places himself on the pedestal with the feet apart, and holding the discus in either hand. He then takes it with both hands slightly stretched, lifting them without letting go the discus, and stretching out the rest of his body in the same way in the same direction. After that he turns the trunk slightly to the right and bends sharply, so as to bring the left hand when free to the right knee, and the right hand still holding the dis- cus. As far back as the build of the shoulder permits. At this moment the right foot should be forward and the legs bent ; the right foot rests full on the sole, and the left on the toes only. Then by a sharp and simultaneous extension of the whole body, the thrower throws the discus straight in front of him. (c) In this test the competitor has the right to leave the pedestal in the verv moment of throwing. (d) The distance is measured by a straight line going from the point where the discus touches the ground for the first time to the middle of the front part of the pedestal. SPALDINGS ATHLETIC LIBRARY. THROWING THE DISCUS (GREEK STYLE) FOR YOUTHS The Public Schools Athletic League Games Committee, com- posed of Jas. E. Sullivan, Chairman, Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick and Dr. C. Ward Crampton, have adopted the Greek rules of discus throwing, for, after careful consideration, in their opinion this method is the most beneficial for schoolboys. Besides, when practised after the original Grecian style, it is a distinct sport, carrying with it a vast amount of historical sentiment, along with being artistic, simple, and undoubtedly harmless to the youthful athletic. Furthermore, the Olympic games every four years at Athens is an assured fixture for all future time, and if Americans are to figure prominently in the event, they might as well settle right down and learn the Greek style without delay. For the purpose of making the exercise of discus throwing possible to boys of all ages and grades of muscular power, a smaller and lighter discus than that used by adults hr.s been adopted. It weighs two and a quarter pounds and measures seven inches in diameter. Boys who wish to do a little work with the discus should first learn how to grasp it, as a good hold means that the thrower will get the proper scale. The discus should be held flat against the palm of the hand, with the thumb and fingers spread out, the edge of the discus resting against the joints of the fore- fingers. No effort should be made to grasp the edges, as doing so cramps the wrist and hinders the free swing of the arm. If the boy is afraid that the discus will drop out of his hand when held loosely he can push it with his left against the fingers and palm of the right hand. As the preliminary movements and poises of the thrower on the pedestal and the right and wrong way are explained by Positions Nos. i, 2, 3, 4 and 5, No. 5 is the most important figure of the lot. It explains where the thrower makes his effort and scales the discus away from him. As he starts to bring the discus from above his head the right arm should swing by the side, while the left arm is brought back to the outside of the right knee, at the same time the body should SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 15 bend and turn to the right, and the discus should be made to describe a semi-circle until the hand holding the discus should be extended back on a level with the head. Then a quick sweep of the arm should be made and it should be first downward and then upward before it leaves the hand. Care should be ex- ercised that this sweep of the arm is by the side, as anything else will be termed foul. As the final sweep of the arm is made the thrower should jump forward out of the pedestal or box of dirt; that is, he should jump when his arm is about even with his thigh. Then the discus will be at its lowest point and the leap forward will impart extra force to the throw. All these positions were posed for by Martin J. Sheridan, holder of the world's record for throwing the discus, free style, or from a circle with a turn. The simplest plan of arranging the pedestal is to get a rough deal box twenty-seven inches wide by thirty inches long, and. two inches high in front and eight inches behind. This can be filled with cinders mixed with yellow clay, and when wet and pounded will be hard and springy. A box made this way can be moved to any part of the ground and will be preferable to a stationary one. ADVICE TO JUDGES AND REFEREE. See that when the thrower stands in the pedestal the right leg is forward of the left. That the discus is raised straight above the head, grasped with both hands and the arms extended fully. That the right arm is brought straight down by the side, and when the thrower crouches, the left hand rests by the side of the right knee. That the arm is swept by the side only in the final movement of the throw. That overhand, round-the-body or horizontal swings are foul. That the hand holding the discus must not swing around the hips or behind the left leg. It is optional with the thrower to turn his body to the right when he swings the arm back for the final heave. Following are the official rules of discus throwing adopted by the Public Schools Athletic League: OFFICIAL RULES FOR THROWING THE DISCUS. The discus shall weigh not less than 2^4 lbs., and shall be inade of wood, encircled with a smooth iron rim. The discus shall be 7 inches in its horizontal diameter and i^ inches in its vertical diameter through the center. The center on each 16 SPALblNGfS ATHLETIC LIBRARY. side uf the discus shall be capped with a smooth nietal plate 2^ inches in diameter. No special discus shall be allowed, but a competitor may use his own discus, provided it is the approved shape and correct in weight, in which case the other competi- tors are at libert}' to use it also. It shall be thrown from a square pedestal or box of dirt 30 inches long and 27 inches broad and sloping forward with a height of 2 inches in front and 8 inches behind. A whitewash line shall be drawn across the pedestal 15 inches from the front board, and in throwing, the competitor must keep his front or right foot forward of this line, with the left foot behind it. Another whitewash line shall be drawn parallel to .the front board of the pedestal and extending 15 feet on each side or 30 feet in all. From the extreme ends of this line two lines shall be drawn, parallel and at right angles to the base line, out on the throwing ground for a distance of 130 feet. These lines shall form a boundary for the throws, and any throw falling on the outside to be declared foul. To execute the throw, the competitor places himself in the pedestal with the feet apart, the right foot forward, provided he is right handed, and vice versa, if he is left handed, and holding the discus in either hand. He then grasps it with both hands and raises it straight above his head. As the discus is held aloft the body should lean forward slightly, and as the thrower starts to make his effort the trunk should be turned slightly to the right and the body bent sharply so that the left hand when free swings outside and below the right knee and the right holding the discus is stretched as far back as the ex- tension of the shoulder will allow. At this moment the right knee should be bent, with the foot resting full on the sole, the left leg almost straight, and the foot resting on the toes. Then, by a sharp and simultaneous exertion of the whole body, the thrower scales the discus away in front of him. The critical part of the throw is the action of the arm at the moment of delivery. The final sweep of the arm must be distinctly by the side and be clearly in an underhand direction. Round arm, like a cricket bowler, horizontal, arch, or overarm swings to be foul. Neither must there be the least tendency of the arm to swing around the body. The measurement of the throw to be from the center of the pedestal to where the discus first strikes the ground. The thrower may leave the pedestal at the moment of thrcw- Trials and other conditions of competition to be the same as the i6-lb. hammer, shot, or 56-lb. weight. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY WATER POLO RULES As Adopted by the Amateur Swimming Association of England. Published by Permission of The Cricket Press, London, England. 1. Bail. — The ball to be round and fully inrtated. It shall measure not less than 26^-^ inches nor more than 28'/4 inches in circumference. It shall be waterproof, with no strapped seams outside, and no grease or other objectionable substance on the surface. The Ball to be furnished by the home team. 2. Goals. — The width of the goals to be 10 feet, the cross-bar to be 3 feet above the surface when the water is 5 feet or over in depth, and to be 8 feet from the bottom when the water is less than 5 feet in depth. The goal posts and goal nets to be fur- nished by the home team. 3. Caps and Flags. — One team shall wear dark blue caps anci the other team white caps. Both goal-keepers shall wear red caps. Each goal-scorer shall be provided with a red flag, and the referee with a dark blue and white flag and bell. 4. Field of Play. — The distance between the goals shall not exceed 30 yards, nor be less than 19 yards, the width shall not be more than 20 yards and shall be of even width throughout the field of play. iThe goal posts shall be fixed at least one foot from the end of the bath, or any obstruction. In baths the half- way line and also the 4 yards penalty lines shall be marked on both sides. 5. Depth. — The water shall not be shallower than 3 feet. 6. Time. — The duration of the match shall be 14 minutes, 7 minutes each way. Three minutes to be allowed at half-time for change of ends. When the ball crosses the goal-line, whether it be a goal, corner throw or goal throw, it shall be dead until the re-start of the game or until it leaves the hand of the player taking the throw, and such time shall be deducted. Time occu- pied by disputes or fouls, or when the ball is thrown from the field of play or lodges on an obstruction, as per Rule 21, shall not be reckoned as in the time of play. 7. Officials. — The officials shall consist of a referee, a time- keeper and two goal-scorers. 8. Referee. — The referee's duties shall be to :tart the game, stop all unfair play, decide all cases of dispute, declare fouls, 18 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. goals, half-time, and time, and see that these rules are properly carried out. He shall decide upon all goals, whether signified or not. The referee's decision is final. Note. — 'A referee may alter his decision provided such altera- tion be notified before the ball is again in play. A referee has power to stop play at any period of the game if in his opinion the behavior of the players or spectators or other exceptional circumstances prevents the match from coming to a proper con- clusion. 9. Goal Scorers. — The goal scorers shall stand at the side near each goal, and when they consider that the ball has passed through the goal or over the goal line, at their respective ends only, they shall signify their decision to the referee by means of a red flag. They shall not change ends, and shall keep the score of goals of each team at their respective ends. 10. Tea)us. — Each side shall consist of seven players, who shall wear dark blue and white caps respectively, and drawers, or costumes with drawers underneath the costumes. In baths, no grease, oil, or other objectionable substance shall be rubbed on the body. 11. Captains. — The captains shall be playing members of the teams they represent ; they shall agree upon all preliminaries and shall toss for choice of ends. If they are unable to agree upon any point, the referee shall decide fcr them. 12. Starting. — The players shall enter the water and place themselves in a line with their respective goals. The referee shall stand in a line with the centre of the course, and having ascertained that the captains are ready, shall give the word "Go," and immediately throw the ball into the water at the centre. A goal shall not be scored after starting or re-starting until the ball has been handled {viz., played with the hand below the wrist) either by two members of one team, in which case the scorer shall be within half-distance of the goal attacked, or by a player of each team. The ball must be handled (viz., played with the hand below the wrist) by more than one player before a goal can be scored. 13. Scoring. — A goal shall be scored by the entire ball passing beyond the goal posts and under the cross-bar. 14. Ordinary Fouls. — It shall be a foul : — (a) To touch the ball with both hands at the same time. (b) To hold the rail or side during any part of the game. (c) To stand on or touch the bottom during any part of the game, unless for the purpose of resting. (d) To interfere with an opponent or impede him in any way, unless he is holding the ball, SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 19 (c) To hold the ball under the water when tackled. (f) To jump from the bottom or push off from the side (except at starting or re-starting) in order to play the ball or duck an opponent. (g) To hold, pull back, or push off from an opponent. (/;) To turn on the back and kick at an opponent. (i) To assist a player at the start or re-start. {j) For the goal-keeper to go more than four yards from his own goal line. (k) To throw the ball at the goal-keeper from a free throw. (/) To refuse to play the ball at the command of the ref- eree after a foul or after the ball has been out of the field of play. Note. — Dribbling or striking the ball is not holding, but lifting, carrying, pressing under water, or placing the hand under or over the ball when actually touching, is holding. Dribbling the ball up and through the posts is permissible. Deliberate splashing on the face of an opponent is a foul under Clause D. 15. • iniful Fouls. — If, in the opinion of the referee, a player commits an ordinary foul wilfully, the referee shall at once order him out of the water until a goal has been scored. It shall be considered a wilful foul to start before the word "Go," to deliberately waste time, or for a player to take up a position within two yards of his opponent's goal. To deliberately change position after the whistle has gone, with a view to taking an advantage of an opponent. To deliberately splash in the face of an opponent. Note. — In the event of a referee ordering a player out of the water and such player refusing, the game shall be stopped, the match awarded to the other side, and the offending player re- ported to his Association. In the event of a referee ordering a player out of the water for misconduct or a wilful foul he shall not re-enter after a goal has been scored except by permission of the referee. 16. Free Tlirozcs. — The penalty for each foul shall be a free throw to the opposing side from the place where the foul oc- curred. A goal cannot be scored from a free throw unless the ball has been handled (vie, played with the hand below the wrist), by at least one other player, the goal-keeper excepted. 17. Penalty Throw.- — A player wilfully fouled when within four yards of his opponents' goal line shall be awarded a pen- alty throw, and the player who commits the offense must be ordered out of the water until a goal has been scored. The penalty throw shall be taken from any point on the four-yard line. In the case of a penalty throw it shall not be necessary 20 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. for the ball to be handled by any other player before a goal can be scored, but any player within the four-yard line may inter- cept a penalty throw. Note. — ^A player ordered out of the water for committing a wilful foul must remain out until a goal has been scored, not- withstanding that half-time may intervene or extra time be played, except by permission of the referee. i8. Declaring Fouls. — The referee shall declare a foul by blowing a whistle and exhibiting the color of the side to which the free throw is awarded. The player nearest to where the foul occurred shall take the throw. The other players shall remain in their respective positions from the blowing of the whistle until the ball has left the hand of the player taking the throw. In the event of one or more players from each team committing a foul so nearly at the same moment as to make it impossible for the referee to distinguish who offended &rst, he shall have the ball out of the water and throw it in as nearly as possible at the place where the foul occurred, in such a manner that one member of each team may have equal chance of playing the ball. In such cases the ball must be allowed to touch the water before it is handled and must be handled (/. c, played with the hand below the wrist) by more than one player before a goal can be scored. 19. Goal-Keeper. — The goal-keeper may stand to defend his goal, and must not throw the ball beyond half-distance ; the penalty for doing so shall be a free throw to the opposing side from half-distance at either side of the field of play. The goal- keeper must wear a red cap. He must keep within four yards of his own goal or concede a free throw from the four-yard line to his nearest opponent. The goal-keeper is exempt from clauses (a), (c) and {f) in Rule 14, but be may be treated as any other player when in possession of the ball. Except when injury or illness compels him to leave the water (when Rule 23 shall apply), the goal-keeper can only be changed at half-time. Note. — 'In the event of a goal-keeper being ordered out of the water, his side cannot appoint another goal-keeper except at half-time, as defined in Rule 19, and any player defending the goal in his place shall be considered an ordinary player and not come under the special limitations and exceptions attached to a goal-keeper. 20. Goal Line Corner Throzvs. — A player throwing the ball over his own goal line shall concede a free corner throw to his opponents, and such free corner throw shall be taken by the player on the opposing side nearest the point where the ball leaves the field of play, if the attacking side throw the ball over it shall be a free goal throw to their opponents' goal-keeper. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 Note. — In the event of the ball having become dead by being thrown over the goal line, it must not be considered in play until it has left the goal-keeper's hands. If a goal-keeper puts the ball in play, and, before any other player has handled it takes it again and allows it to pass fully through his goal, a corner throw shall be awarded to the opposing side. 21. Out of Play. — Should a player send the ball out of the field of play at either side, it shall be thrown in any direction from where it went out by one of the opposing side, and shall be considered a free throw. The player nearest the point where the ball leaves the field of play must take the throw. Should a ball strike an overhead obstruction and rebound into the field of play it shall be considered in play, but if it lodges on or in an overhead obstruction it shall be considered out of play, and the referee shall then stop the game and throw the ball into the water under the obstruction on or in which it had lodged. 22. Declaring Goals, Time, Etc. — The referee shall declare fouls, half-time and time by whistle ; goals by bell. The time- keeper may notify half-time and time by whistle. 23. Leaving the Water. — A player leaving the water, or sit- ting or standing on the steps, or sitting on the side of the bath in which the match is being played, except at half-time or by permission of the referee, shall not re-enter it until a goal has been scored, or until half-time. Should a player leave the water he can only re-enter at his own goal line. Any player or players leaving the water during the progress of a game without per- mission of the referee (except in case of illness or accident), or refusing to enter the water at the request of the referee, shall be deemed guilty of misconduct, and be liable to suspension by the body governing the particular match in which he is competing. 22 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. WATER PUSH BALL By Alex Meffert, Missouri Athletic Club, St. Louis. Pushing or shoving the ball against the end of the tank sc that the ball touches the end wall, counts as a "goal" and scores I point. THE GAME. 1. The ball shall be out of bounds only when it has been raised over the sides of the tank, ball to be returned to the cen- ter of the tank on a line from where it left. Both sides to line up 2 yards from ball and resume play at the whistle. 2. After each goal the ball shall be put in play at the center of the tank. 3. Two halves, of five minutes duration, shall be played with five minutes rest between. 4. Before the ball is in play no player shall interfere with an opponent. 5. A player once removed from the game shall not again play in the half. 6. Rough plaving or fouls to be penalized by the referee at his option, by allowing a flying charge; or, in case of continued fouling by one of the team, he may order player from the tank, in which case no other man will be allowed to take his place on the team until after a goal is scored. 7. Tackling will only be permissible when the player is within three feet of the ball, and then cannot be held under. 8. Holding swimmer back by any means when outside of the three-foot radius is a fotd. FLYING CHARGE. 9. The team given the privilege may start as far back of the ball as they wish, swim toward it and strike the ball with all their momentum, at any angle, the opposing side to remain two yards away from the ball until same is put in motion. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. THE FIELD. The field of play shall be in a tank of water not less than 60 feet in length and 20 feet in breadth, the boundary to be the sides of tank. THE BALL. The ball shall be of rubber, blown tight, and not less than 4 feet in diameter. GOALS. Goals shall consist of the ends of the tank. Teams shall consist of six men, as follows: Four forwards and two goal keepers. OFFICIALS. The officials shall be one referee, two time-keepers and one scorer. DUTIES OF THE REFEREE. The referee shall blow his whistle when the ball has touched the ends of the tank, and declare a goal. And shall then place the ball in the center of the tank to resume play. On beginning play, the players will line up at their goal ends of the tank and plunge and swim for the hall when the referee blows his whistle. The referee shall be sole judge of the plays, and for fouling or any kind of rough play shall, at his discretion, penalize the team in fault by allowing a flying charge by the opposing team. DUTIES OF THE SCORER. Scorer to keep an accurate account of all goals allowed and announce same at the end of each half. DUTIES OF THE TIME-KEEPER. Shall note when the game starts and shall blow his whistle at the end of ten minutes actual playing time. Time consumed in stoppages shall be deducted. In case of tie, the referee shall stop the game, announce tie, then order the game continued until goal is scored. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. SACK RACING The regulation sack is to be of strong burlap or similar ma- terial ; its dimensions 36 inches wide throughout by 6 feet long, with a strong running cord at the top. Competitors must be tied securely in their sacks with arms inside and sacks drawn close about the neck, and must finisl with arms inside, sacks still tied and intact as at start. , WALL SCALING Wall Scaling shall consist of a run of 50 yards and return over a course which includes, at its mid-point, a wall of smooth sides. This wall shall be 10 feet high, with a base and top of 6 and 4 feet, respectively. It shall be of sections not more than 12 feet long, set 6, or more, inches apart, of which there shall be one for each team competing simultaneously; or, if several sections be built together, it shall be divided into sections of the foregoing length by bands, 4 inches in width, of a color in strong contrast to that of the remainder of the wall. Teams shall consist of eight men equipped with the service rifle, or a dummy of not less weight, together with cartridge belt, bayonet scabbard, bayonet, and wearing a service hat. The character of shoes worn is left optional with each team. Teams shall start as a squad (four) in double rank, cross the wall without touching any part of an adjoining section and the arms shall not be thrown or dropped. The passing of arms, except by hand, or the encroaching of any member upon adjoining sections shall constitute a foul. Each and every foul shall be penalized by the addition of two seconds to the actual time of the team. Every member of a team shall return to the finish with each article of equipment that was carried at the start. The time of a team shall be the time that elapsed between the start and the return to the starting line of the last man of the team, plus two seconds for each foul committed by its members. THREE LEGGED RACE Competitors must be tied securely together at the thighs and ankles of one leg each. The fastenings at the thighs to be such as to keep them practically in contact. At the ankles there, may be an interval not exceeding 4 inches. Competitors must finish with fastenings intact so far as these requirements provide. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKART. SHUFFLEBOARD RULES The length of the board must be thirty feet, and the width must not exceed twenty inches. The Shuffleboard should be m^de of one solid plank, of white wood or white pine, and as thick as possible, to prevent warping. The surface of the board shall not exceed three feet from the floor. The gutter must be four and a half inches wide, and shall go entirely around the board. Four round pieces or weights, of hard, cast iron, marked A, and 4 marked B, to distinguish the opponents, are used, each weighing from three-quarters of a pound to one pound, about two inches in diameter, and half an inch thick, which should be fine castings and smooth on the bottom. Before commencing to play, the surface of the board should be sprinkled with very fine sand, perfectly dry, and during the game, players can sand the board if they desire. About five inches from the ends of the board a straight line should be drawn, and should be parallel with the ends. This is called the "deuce" line. All pieces over the deuce line count two. and if a piece hangs over the end of the board, it is called a "ship." and counts three. When at the end of round no piece is "in," then that piece which lays nearest to the line counts one point. Twenty-one points constitute a game. In a four-handed game, one opponent from each side must stand at the end of the board, not changing from one end of the board to the other, as in a regular game, but remain as thev started, shoving the pieces alternately; the winning man at cither end always taking the lead. When either piece rebounds from the end of the board, said piece does not count and must be taken off. The scoring board is like a crib board, placed against wall with pegs to count with. Board and table should he fastened against wall to insure firmness. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. RULES FOR SNOWSHOEING Article I.— Of the Shoe. The snowshoe shall be made of wood, and hide or gut. The shoes, including strings, shall not be less than i^/^ pounds in weight at start and finish of competition, and shall measure not less than lo inches gut, in width. They shall be weighed at the start and finish of each competition by a person appointed for that purpose. In boy's races, snowshoes of any width and weight may be used. Obiections to a competitor's shoes shall be made before the start. Article II.— 0/ Starting. All starting shall be by report of pistol after a preliminary caution. A snap cap is not a start. If any competitor starts before the signal, he shall be put back one yard for each of the first two oflfences, and disqualified upon a third. Article III.— 0/ Position as Starting. Competitors shall draw lots for choice of position at starting. In races in heats, the competitors' positions at the end of each heat shall decide their choice of positions at starting for the next heat. Article IV.— Heat Races. A competitor must win two heats to be winner of the race. A competitor not winning a heat or making a dead heat in the first three heats will not be allowed to start in any subse- quent heat. A dead heat shall be counted in the race and shall be consid- ered a heat which is undecided onlv as between the competi- tors making it, and it shall be considered a heat lost by all the other competitors. The rank of competitors, other than the winner, shall be de- cided by their position in each heat of the race, i. e., a com- SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 27 petitor winning a heat shall be considered better than one mailing a dead heat, and a dead heat better than only second place in any heat, and a second place better than only third in any heat. In the event of two or more competitors being equal for sec- ond or third places, such competitors shall run off a decidinsf heat. In all cases competitors must race out their distance to qualify for starting in succeeding heats. Article V. — Brushing. No competitor shall cross the track of another competitor to take it, until he shall be six feet in advance of that competitor. In races round a course, a competitor must pass on the out- side, but if a competitor in advance deliberately draws out of his track' and leaves his successor room to pass him on the in- side, that successor may do so. Article VI. — Disqualifications. The judges may disqualify a competitor for persistent false starts, for disobedience to their orders, or to those of the starter, or for deliberately jostling or impeding any other competitor. Article VII. — Winning. That competitor is winner, whose breast first reaches the tape. Article Yll\.— Hurdle Races. In hurdle races, a runner who leaps on a hurdle, runs through or around it, vaults it, or passes it in any other way than by fairly leaping over it, commits a foul and shall be disqualified. Article IX. — Running Fraudulently. Whenever a competitor shall run not to win, he shall be dis- qualified for twelve months from starting in any race governed by these rules. Article X. — Losing a Shoe. So long as both snowshoes remain attached to the feet or ankles, a runner may continue his race. A runner cannot, however, carry his shoe in his hand in event of its slipping from his foot. 28 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LlBKAKi:. Article XI. — Assistance. It shall be considered foul for any competitor to be assisted by any one during a race when such assistance necessitates touch- ing the competitor. Article XII. — Accidents and Interferences. In case where a competitor meets with an accident in ordinary course, the judges may not interfere. If an accident be caused by the friends of another competitor in assisting him, then the other competitor shall be disqualified. Article XIII.— riVn^r Betzveen Heats. In all races in heats, where the distance shall be 200 yards or less, the time allowed between heats shall be not less than two minutes, nor more than five minutes. In all cases in heats, where the distance exceeds 200 yards and does not exceed half a mile, the time allowed between heats shall be not less than four minutes, nor more than ten minutes. Article XIV.— Hour of Starting. The Judges shall decide all matters of time connected with starting. No delay after the appointed time for starting shall be per- mitted for the convenience of any competitor. Article XV.— Objections. Any objection to a competitor for fouling must be made within five minutes after the conclusion of the race. Objections as to qualifications, entries, etc., must be made be- fore the start, unless the fact on which the objection is based was not known to the objector at the time. In this after case objections may be made within forty-eight hours after the race. This does not apply to Sec. 4, of Article I. Article XVI.— Post Entries. Post entries, except for club or consolation races, shall not be allowed. Article XVII. — Judges Betting. Judges must not bet upon a race over which they preside. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 29 Article XVIII. — Decisions and Appeals. The decisions of the Judges on matters of fact is final. A club shall be considered the best judge of its own by-laws, qualifications of membership, etc. From the decision of the Judges, on any question of inter- pretation of law, an appeal shall lie to three experts, the appel- lant selecting one. the Judges, and these two deciding on a third. Such appeal must be declared at once. Article XIX. — Distances. In races in heats there shall be no distance post when the course is less than 440 yards. When the course is of 440 yards, the distance post shall be 50 yards from the finish. When the course is of 880 yards the dis- tance post shall be 80 yards from the finish. If a competitor shall not have reached the distance post by the time the winner shall have reached the winning post, such competitor shall be distanced, and must not start for any suc- ceeding heat of such race. Article XX. — Measurement of Track. The track shall be measured three feet from the bushes. Article XXI. — Green Runner. A green runner is one who has never won a first prize in any snowshoe race. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. SHEFFIELD RULES FOR THE GOVERN- MENT OF PROFESSIONAL RACING Any man entering a handicap except in his proper name, or having changed his residence, must state his late and present abode at the time of entry, or, having won a handicap at any time and not stating it or in any way to lead the handicappers astray, for any of these offences he will be disqualified and his entrance and acceptance money will be forfeited. Any man winning a handicap after the entries are published will be put back two yards, and one yard for being second, or any man running second to the winner in either of his heats will be put back half a yard. Penalties not accumulative. Any man leaving or getting over his mark with either foot before the pistol is fired, will be put back one yard for the first offence, two yards for the second, and the third time disqualified. If any man gets over his mark and after being put back runs a dead heat, in running off such heat, the man penalized must start from his original mark. No objection will be entertained unless made by 8 P. M. on the first day's running, and the person making such objection must deposit the sum of five pounds in the hands of the pro- prietor, and should the objection made not be sustained, the money deposited shall be forfeited and go toward paying ex- penses, to be decided by the proprietor and the committee. In the event of a dead heat being run and one of the men afterwards walks over, after such heats, all bets about either man for that heat shall be added together and divided. Should the final result in a dead heat, the two dead heaters must divide the first and second prize equally and all bets made about either man winning the handicap right out, must be added together and divided. In the event of any disturbance taking place or darkness com- ing on, the proprietor or the committee shall have the power to postpone the running of any heat or heats until the following day, except when a Sunday intervenes, in which case it shall be adjourned until the Monday. The decision of the referee shall be final without any appeal to a court of law. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. RULES GOVERNING DOG RACING Rule i. — Color, weight, name, and sex must be sent in at time of entry. If a pup, age must be stated. Rule 2. — All false entries shall be disqualified. Rule 3. — All dogs must be weighed in before the first heat is run, or they will forfeit the right to start. No ounces allowed ; every dog to run at weight entered. Rule 4. — To ascertain if a dog is out of weight, put on two ounces ; if the dog draws the two ounces, he is out of weight, and is disqualified. Rule 5.— Every dog to start from the mark on which it is handicapped. Scratch dog to start from the right side of track, and the other dogs to be placed next to him in accordance with this rule. If there are two scratch dogs, or two dogs on the same mark, they must toss for choice of position. The marks of all dogs remain the same, no matter who fails to weigh in, or who may be withdrawn. Rule 7. — All dogs to start by report of pistol. Rule 8. — One runner-up only shall be allowed each dog, and runners-up must keep on a line with their dog. The referee shall have the power to disqualify a dog, in his opinion a run- ner-up is acting unfairly on the track. Rule g. — Each runner-up must be ten yards over the finishing line, before his dog finishes, or the dog will be disqualified. The runner-up for the second dog, in the final heat, has the privilege of weighing the winning dog. If the winning dog is four ounces over the weight at which he is entered, he is disqualified. Rule 10. — All dogs to run with colors on, but no dog to be disqualified should the color be omitted, either by accident or carelessness. Rule ii. — In case of a dead heat in one of the rounds, it must be run over at once ; the party refusing to run, loses the heat, but the remaining dog must run over the course, before the heat can be claimed as one. Should a dead heat occur in a final, the referee cannot order a run over, if the contestants agree to di- vide prize money and bets. Rule 12. — In case a dog is held at the mark, the pistol-firer shall have the right to declare all betting on the heat void. Any 32 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. dog held at the mark in a final heat, will afterward be handi- capped as if he had actually won. Rule 13. — After the bell has been rung for a heat, five min- utes will be allowed for dogs to be placed on their marks. Any dog failing to be at the marks on time, forfeits all rights. Rule 14. — No other attendants but the slipper and runner-up shall be allowed on the track at the marks. Any party violating this rule shall have his dog disqualified by the pistol-firer. Rule 15. — The referee shall flag the color of the winning dog in each heat. The referee's decision shall be final, and subject to no appeal whatever. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. HITCH AND KICK The Field Judges shall decide the height at which the tam- bourine shall be placed, and shall regulate the succeeding eleva- tions. Each competitor shall be allowed three trials at each height, and if on the third trial he shall fail, he shall be declared out of the competition. Competitors shall compete in order as placed in the pro- gramme ; then those failing, if any, shall have their second trial jump in a like order, after which those having failed twice shall make their third trial jump. Touching the tambourine with foot or any part of the leg below the knee, counts as a fair kick and nothing else. Springing and kicking without touching the object kicked at counts as a try, and must be recorded as one of the three trials. The distance of the run shall be unlimited. A competitor may decline at any height in his turn, and, by so doing forfeits his right to again jump at the height declined. The contestants must spring, kick and alight on the same foot. The tambourine shall not be more than a foot in diameter. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. LAWS OF BOAT RACING As Adopted by the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen STARTING. 1. All boat races shall be started in the following manner: The Starter, on being satisfied that the competitors are ready, shall give the signal to start. 2. If the Starter considers the start false, he shall at once recall the boats to their stations; and any boat refusing to start again shall be disqualified. 3. Any boat not at its post at the time specified shall be liable to be disqualified by the Umpire. 4. The Umpire may act as Starter if he thinks fit ; where he does not so act, the Starter shall be subject to the control of the Umpire. 5. Boats shall be started by their sterns, and shall have com- pleted their course when the bows reach the finish. 6. A boat's own water is its straight course, parallel with those of the other competing boats, from the station assigned to it at the start to the finish. 7. Each boat shall keep its own water throughout the race, and any boat departing from its own water will do so at its peril. 8. The Umpire shall be sole judge of a boat's own water and proper course during the race. 9. It shall be considered a foul, when, after the race has commenced any competitor, by his oar. boat or person, comes in contact with the oar, boat or person of another competitor ; unless, in the opinion of the Umpire, such contact is so slight as not to influence the race. ID. No fouling whatever shall be allowed; the boat commit- ting a foul shall be disqualified. 11. The Umpire may, during a race, caution any competitor when in danger of committing a foul. 12. The Umpire shall decide all questions as to a foul. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 13. A claim of foul must be made to the Umpire by the com- petitor himself, and if possible, before getting out of his boat.' 14. In case of a foul, the Umpire shall have the power — (a) To place the boats (except the boat committing the foul, which is disqualified), in the order in which they come in. (b) To order the boats engaged in the race, other than the boat com- mitting the foul, to row over again on the same or another day. (c) To re-start the qualified boats from the place where the foul was committed. ACCIDENTS. 15. Every boat shall abide by its accidents, except when dur- ing a race, a boat while in its own water shall be interfered with by any outside boat, the Umpire may order the race to be rowed over, if, in his opinion, such interference materially affected its chances of winning the race. ASSISTANCE. 16. No boat shall be allowed to accompany a competitor for the purpose of directing his course or affording him other as- sistance. The boat receiving such direction or assistance shall be disqualified at the discretion of the Umpire. 17. The jurisdiction of the Umpire extends over the race and all matters connected with it from the time the race is speci- fied to start until its final termination, and his decision in all cases shall be final and without appeal. 18. The Judge-at-the-Finish shall report to the Umpire the order in which the competing boats cross the line, but the de- cision of the race shall rest with and be declared by the Umpire. 19. Any competitor refusing to abide by the decision or to follow the directions of the Umpire, shall be disqualified. 20. The Umpire, if he thinks proper, may reserve his decision, provided that in every case such decision be given on the day of the race. 21. Contestants rowing a dead heat shall compete again after such interval as may be appointed, and the contestant refusing to so row shall be adjudged to have lost the race. TURNING RACES. 22. In turning races each competitor shall have a separate turning stake, and shall turn from port to starboard. Any com- petitor may turn any stake other than his own, but does so at his peril. 36 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. REGATTA RULES OF THE NATIONAL ASS0CL\T10N OF AMATEUR OARSMEN. Amended January 16, 1892 ; January 14, 1893 ; January 12, 1895. 1. This Regatta shall be open to all amateur clubs which have been duly organized three months prior to the holding of the regatta, except that no entry shall be received from any club located in the United States not a member of the Association. Entries of individuals will not be received. 2. No entry shall be accepted by this Association from any club located in Canada unless such club is affiliated with or endorsed by the Canadian Association of Amateur Oarsmen. 3. No club shall be allowed to enter any person who has not been a member thereof for at least three months preceding the regatta, or who has been entered in any race from any other club during that time, or zvho diiritig that period has had a resi- dence more timii fifty miles from the club he represents; except where there is 110 rd'ieiii;^ clith leithiii fifty miles of an oarsman's residence, llic tijty-niilc limit d^cs not apply; nor shall any entry be received from a club which shall include in its list of members any professional oarsman or athlete. "In the event of an inter-city contest being added to the list of races, the competitors in such race must be members in good standing of a club located in the city they represent, and such contestants shall be exempted from that provision of this rule which forbids an oarsman rowing within three months in any other club crew." 4. The Regatta Committee shall appoint as Secretary any person it may deem proper. Any club intending to compete for any of the prizes must give due notice to the Secretary of the Regatta Committee on or before the day appointed for closing the entries. Entries shall close two weeks before the date of the regatta. 5. There shall be sent to the Secretary of the Regatta Com- mittee in all cases of entries for eights, a list of not more than twelve names ; for fours, not more than six names ; for pair-oars and double-sculls, not more than four names ; and for single- sculls, not more than one name, and from these the actual crews shall be selected. The name of the captain or secretary of each club entering for any race shall be sent at the time of entrance to the secretary of the Regatta Committee. A copy of the entrance list shall be forwarded by the secretary to the captain or secretary of each club so entered. 6. No assumed names shall be given to the secretary. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 31 7. No one shall be allowed to be entered twice for the same race. 8. The secretary shall not be permitted to declare any entry, nor to report the state of the entrance list, mitil such list shall be closed. 9. Objections to any entry shall be made in writing to the secretary of the Regatta Committee, within seven days from the declaration of the entries, when the said committee shall inves- tigate the grounds of objection, if any, and decide thereon forthwith. ID. The races at each regatta shall consist of — Single-scull shells, intermediate. Single-scull shells, senior. Single-scull shells, champion. Single-scull shells, senior, quarter mile dash. Double-scull shells, intermediate. Double-scull shells, senior. Four-oared shells, intermediate. Four-oared shells, senior. International four-oared shell, senior. Quadruple-scull shells, senior. Eight-oared shells, intermediate. Eight-oared shells, senior. The senior single-scull shall be open to all duly qualified scullers, excepting only the holder of the championship. The winner of the senior single-scull race shall at the regatta row the champion for the championship prize ; or, the champion not appearing, said winner shall, upon rowing over the course, be declared entitled to that honor. Entrance money for each boat shall be paid to the secretary at the time of entering, as follows : Eight-oars, $20; four-oars, $15; double sculls, $10; single sculls, $5. 11. All races shall be one mile and a quarter straightaway. In all future regattas of this association it shall be left to the discretion of the Executive Committee whether the races shall be turning or straightaway. 12. A meeting of the Regatta Committee shall be held immedi- ately preceding the regatta, at which the representatives of each crew or club entered shall deliver to the secretary of the Regatta Committee a list containing the names of the actual crew appointed to contend in the ensuing races, to which list the names of two other members may be added, either of whom may be substituted for any one of the crew in the event of illness or accident, subject to Rule 12. 13. No member of a club shall be allowed to be substituted for another, who has already rowed in a heat; nor shall any 38 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. member of a club be allowed to row with more than one crew, for the same prize. 14. In the event of a dead heat taking place, the same crews shall contend again after such interval as the Regatta Committee may appoint; any crew refusing shall be adjudged to have lost the heat. 15. In each class two or more entries shall be required to insure a race, and should withdrawals, after the entries are closed, reduce the number to one boat, the crew thereof must row over the course to be entitled to the prize. 16. Heats and stations shall be drawn for by the Regatta Com- mittee in the presence of such competitors, or their representatives as may attend, after due notice has been given. 17. The Regatta Committee shall choose an umpire, more than one judge at the turn, and more than one judge at the finish. 18. The laws of boat racing adopted by this Association shall be observed at this regatta, and its definition of an amateur oars- man shall govern the ciualifications of each competitor. 19. Entries for races shall be governed by the following definitions, adopted at the meeting of tlie Executive Committee, held January 12, 1895 : COMPETITIONS. JUNIORS. A Junior Sculler is one who has never won a scull race. A Junior Oarsman is one who has never been a winning oars- man in a race. INTERMEDIATE. An Intermediate Sculler is one who has never won an Inter- mediate or Senior-scull race. An Intermediate Oarsman is one who has never been a win- ning oarsman in an Intermediate or Senior race. SENIOR SINGLE SCULL RACE. The Senior Single Scull race shall be open to all duly qualified scullers, excepting the winners of this race in previous regattas of this Association. The successful competitors shall be entitled to compete in the championship race. CHAMPIONSHIP SINGLE SCULL RACE. The Championship Single Scull Race shall be open only to qualified winners of the Senior Single Scull Race, and if there should be only one competitor he shall upon rowing over the course be declared entitled to the honor of champion. COLLEGE OARSMEN. A winning oarsman in a 'varsity race is a Senior. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 39 A winning oarsman in any other Intercollegiate race is an Intermediate. COXSWAIN. A coxswain shall weigh not less than one hundred and five pounds, but shall not be otherwise classified. Competitions with members of his own club, or races open to no more than two clubs, shall not affect the classification of any sculler or oarsman. 20. In all regattas of this Association the medals to cost not less than $20, as per die and specification adopted in 190 1 ; aru! the banners to cost not less than $25, shall be ordered by the Executive Committee of this Association and the bills for the same shall be forwarded to and be paid by the local association under wdiost auspices the regatta is held. The prizes shall be delivered at the conclusion of the regatta to their respective win- ners, who, in case of a challenge prize, shall furnish such bonds for the same as may be required by the trustees, and that no bond be accepted except one executed by a responsible surety company. The amount of bond for the Fox cup shall be $1,500; for all other cups now held by the Association shall be $250. 21. Any participant in the races shall have the right at any time previous to the awarding of the prizes to object to any club or person participating in or being declared the winner of any race where it may appear to the person making the objection that such club or person has not entered such contest with the intention of participating therein in an honest manner, and mak- ing all reasonable efforts to be successful. The evidence shall be presented to the Regatta Committee, who, after hearing the accused, shall, by a majority vote, decide the objection. They shall have power to order the race rowed over or to confer the prize on whomsoever, in their judgment, is entitled to it. 22. All questions of eligibility, qualification, or interpretation of the rules shall be referred to the Regatta Committee, and its decision siiall be final. 2.3. The Regatta Committee shall have power to reject any entry. 24. It shall rest with the Regatta Committee whether more than the winner of a trial heat should row in the final heat ; except when in any trial heat of a regatta a foul occurs, under such conditions and with such results that the laws of boat racing, the exigencies of time and the circumstances of the regatta do not afford full justice to any contestant, the umpire may permit such aggrieved competitor to start in a subsequent or in the final heat, as in the judgment of the Regatta Committee is most convenient. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. REVOLVER SHOOTING Rules and Regulations Governing the Championship Matches of the United States Revolver Association. 1. General Conditions. — Competitors must make themselves acquainted with the rules and regulations of the Association, as the plea of ignorance will receive no consideration. The rulings and decisions of the executive committee are final in all cases. These rules are for general application, but will not apply in cases where the special conditions of any match conflict with them. 2. Classification of Anns. — (a) Any revolver. A revolver of any caliber. Maximum length of barrel, including cylinder, lo inches. Minimum trigger pull, 2j/ pounds. Sights may be adjusted, but they must be strictly open, in front of the hammer, and not over lo inches apart. (b) Any pistol. A pistol of any caliber. Maximum length of barrel, lo inches. Minimum trigger pull, 2 pounds. Sights may be adjustable but they must be strictly open, in front of the hammer and not over 10 inches apart. (c) Military revolver or pistol. A revolver, or a magazine pistol that has been adopted by any civilized government for the armament of its army or navy. Maximum weight, 2-)4 pounds. Maximum length of barrel, 7^/2 inches. Maximum trigger pull, 4 pounds. Fixed open sights. Rear sights of magazine pistols may be adiustable for elevation only. (d) Pocket revolver. A revolver having a maximum weight of 2 pounds. Maximum length of barrel, 4 inches. Minimum trigger pull, 4 pounds. Sights and model must be such as not to hinder quick drawing of the weapon from the pocket or holster. 3. Load ill ii. [■iritif;, Tinting and Cleaning. — In all revolver and pistol matcJKs the weapon must not be loaded until the competitor has taken liis position at the firing point. The barrel must always be kept vertical or pointed toward the target. After a match or record score has been begun, in case of an accidental discharge or of defective ammunition, if the bullet comes out of the barrel it will be scored a shot. The timing in matches C and D will be as follows : The competitor standing at the firing point with the arm loaded, not cocked, and the barrel pointing downward in a direc- SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 41 tion not less than 45 degrees from the target, will signify to the scorer when he is ready to begin each string. The scorer, stop watch in hand, will then give the command "Fire," and exactly fifteen seconds later announce, "Time." Misfires will not be scored except in matches C and D. Competitors may clean weapons in matches A and B, and in the Indoor Championships, but no time allowance will be made for time spent in this way. All competitors will be required to finish their scores within the time limits speci- fied, except in cases of accident, when the time may be extended at the option of the executive committee. Blowing through the barrel, to moisten it, will be considered cleaning. In revolver matches the arm must not be used as a single loader or loaded so as to use a limited number of chambers in the cylin- der. The cylinder must be charged with the full number of rounds for which it is chambered, and these must be shot con- secutively. If scores are shot in ten shot strings, the cylinder shall be charged first with six rounds and then with four rounds. If the cylinder only contains five chambers, then the ten shot strings may be shot in two strings of five each. In matches C and D, and in the indoor or gallery events, the arm shall in all cases be charged with five rounds. 4. Position. — The position shall be standing, free from any sup- port, the pistol or revolver being held in one hand, with arm extended, so as to be free from the body. 5. Anns. — Any revolver or pistol which in the opinion of the executive committee complies with the conditions specified in the various matches will be allowed to compete in those events. Revolvers or magazine pistols that have been adopted by any government for the armament of its army or navy, or such as in the opinion of the executive committe'e are suitable for military service, will be allowed in matches C and D. Among the arms which may be used in these matches are the .38 caliber Smith & Wesson or Colt military; .44 Smith & Wesson, Russian model; .44 Colt New Service; .45 Smith & Wesson Scofield ; .45 Smith & Wesson New Century ; .45 Colt, and the following magazine or automatic pistols : Colt, Borchardt, Luger, Mannlicher, Mauser, Mors. 6. SigJifs.— In open sights, the notch of the rear sight must be as wide on top as at any part. Aperture or peep sights or any covered or shaded sights will not be allowed. The use of a notch for the front sight will not be permitted. Sights may be smoked or blackened if desired. Sights on military arms, if modified to suit individuals, must remain strictly open, strong and substantial, and suitable for military use. 7. Trigger-Pull. — The trigger-pull as specified in the various events shall be determined by a test weight equal to the minimum 42 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. pull applied at a point three-eighths of an inch from the end of the trigger and at right angles to the pin throngh the trigger. 8. Ainiiiunition. — In matches C and D, and in the medal com- petition, where full charge ammmiition is required, it may be the product of any reputable manufacturer. It must in all cases be brought to the firing point in unbroken boxes, with the label of the manufacturer intact. 9. Targets. — The 200-yard Standard American rifle target No. I (containing the 4 ring), with an eight-inch bull's-eye shall be used in all matches at 50 yards. The diameters of the rings are as follows : 10 ring equals 3.36 inches ; 9 ring equals 5.54 inches; 8 ring equals 8 inches; 7 ring equals 11 inches; 6 ring equals 14.8 inches; 5 ring equals ig.68 inches; 4 ring equals 26 inches ; rest of target 28 inches by 28 inches counts 3. The same target reduced so that the bull's-eye or 8 ring is 2.72 inches in diameter and the 10 ring 1.13 inches in diameter, shall be used for all matches at 20 yards. . 10. Marking and Scoring. — In all matches new paper targets shall be furnished for each competitor. Not more than ten shots are to be nred on any target at 50 yards, and not more than five shots on any target in matches C and D and for all shooting at • 20 yards; the shot holes in all cases to remain uncovered and left as shot. Bullets touching, striking, or within a line on the target are to be scored the count of that line. The eye alone shall determine whether a bullet touches a line or not. 11. Tics. — Ties shall be decided as follows: (i) By the score at the longest distance; (2) by the score at the ne.xt longest dis- tance; (3) by the fewest number of shots of lowest count; (4) by firing five shots each under the same conditions as the match and these rules in regard to ties, until decided. 12. Snpcrzision. — The shooting in all the U. S. R. A. events must take place in the presence of at least two witnesses, one of A\hom must be an authorized officer of the local club, or shooting organization, or a governor appointed by the U. S. R. A. This ofiicer shall certify that each contestant has complied with all the U. S. R. A. regulations as to distance, weapon, time, ammuni- tion, etc., noting same on the blank spaces provided on the score cards and signing the score cards in duplicate for each contestant. 13. Protests. — Any person who believes that an injustice has been done, or who dissents from the decision of any authorized e.xecutive ofiicer of the association, may enter a protest on depos- iting $1 with the cashier or acting treasurer of the club or organi- zation under whose auspices the matches are held. Such protest must be in writing, in duplicate, and must be made within twenty- four hours after the incident on which it is based. One copy to be handed to the executive officer of the club or organization SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 43 conducting the matches and the other copy to be mailed to the secretary-treasurer of the U. S. R. A. All protests will be inves- tigated and passed upon by the executive committee, and, if sustained, the protest fee will be returned ; otherwise, it will be forfeited. 14. Records. — The shooting for records shall, when practicable, be done on the grounds or in a gallery of a regularly organized shooting association, military organization or club, and in the presence of at least two witnesses, one of whom shall be an officer of the U. S. R. A., of such shooting organization or club. The foregoing rules and regulations and the conditions governing the championship matches of the U. S. R. A. must in all cases be observed and followed. The record score shall begin with the first shot after the shooter has announced his intention to shoot for record ; only the first ten shots will apply to the ten shot record ; the first twenty shots to the twenty shot record, and so on to 50 or TOO shots, as the shooter may desire. Such scores for record must in all cases be completed within the same propor- tional time limit as is specified for the corresponding championship match. After finishing the record score, the target shall be iden- tified and signed by the witnesses as above designated. The wit- nesses shall also prepare and sign a certificate of prescribed form, which, with the detailed score and all targets, shall be forwarded to the U. S. R. A., addressed to the secretary-treasurer. If all the conditions, rules and regulations have been complied with, the scoring correct, and if the score is higher than or equal to any previously made under the same conditions, it will be declared a new record. The score will then be entered as such in the record book of the association, and the shooter formally notified to that effect. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. PIGEON FLYING RACE RULES 1. Any fancier desiring to enter birds for competition and for record under the management of the Secretary and Race Com- mittee, must first become a member of the Club. 2. The Club, in the records of birds, recognizes only the liber- ating station and the home loft. The home loft is that to which the bird is registered as belonging. 3. Birds entered in a race must be at the appointed place for-' countermarking at the same time arranged, or be debarred from participating in the fly, for no birds will be received after that time. 4. Countermarking of liirds shall be (as far as practicable), by leg bands bearing a number or device, and the band must on the arrival of the bird be removed and turned over to the timer at the loft, in his presence to ])v mailed with signed report to the Secretary the day and bird arrived at home. 5. All birds entered in a journey must bear, stamped on the first primal flight feather, the regular number by which it is to be distinguished and known, be it a bird bearing a seamless band or otherwise. When a bird bears a seamless band, then that number and letter becomes its regular number. When the bird bears no seamless band a regular number must be obtained from the Secretary, and entry blanks will be duly mailed by Secretary to competitors in each race, which must be neatly filled out as required, or the entry will not be received. 6. The owner of a bird presenting it for a journey, relin- quishes all control of it until after the time of liberating for such a journey. 7. Any interference on the part of an owner, or of any one interested, directly or indirectly, in ihe result, with the instruc- tions or duties of the Secretary or Race Committee, or with the liberator, or with the birds after marking, will be debarred from the benefits of the fly. 8. No one interested, directly in the result of a_ loft, shall be present during the time of countermarking; that is, no one in- terested in any way for the success of that particular loft during the countermarking of those particular birds ; neither shall any such person appoint the timer or act as the timer at such loft. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 45 g. The honors of a race being determined by the average velocity, all birds making the same speed under the same condi- tions are entitled to the honor that speed calls for. 10. Time shall be verified by a timer acceptable to the Secre- tary of the Club, or Race Committee, who shall be at the home loft from the earliest time at which a bird could arrive until dismissed by the owner or his representative, or until the time named at the close of a race has expired. 11. The time of a bird's arrival in a race shall be taken at the click of the bob-wire after the bird is in. or the closing of the trap door securing it at the loft. 12. No young bird shall be eligible for young bird record unless bearing an official Club seamless band denoting year of hatch. 13. The report of the timer at the loft shall be signed by the owner and the timer, to be mailed at once to the Secretary. In no case must the original be given into the possession of the owner or any one interested in the success of the loft, and must not leave the timer's possession until mailed by him to the Secretary. 14. No race, unless specially agreed upon, shall be rain or shine ; but shall be upon the date named, or ofif, excepting from 500 miles, when race is on until flown. 15. In case there are returns before the timer's arrival at the loft, or in the timer's absence, the owner can report only by certified telegram to the Secretary, and the competitor, whom said timer represents, will be debarred from any interest in that race. An allowance of six minutes to the mile, and an additional minute for catching the bird, to be traveled on foot, in reaching the telegraph office, will be made by the Secretary in computing the actual time of arrival and speed made. All telegrams to be prepaid, and in case the Secretary's loft is unprotected, he can report to the President or competing mem- ber, holding the list of his birds' countermarks. The endorse- ment of arrivals by neighbors, competitors or friends will not be entertained on any account. 16. The time of start as given by the liberator's telegram shall be considered as advisory only. The time of start, from which the calculations for record are to be taken, shall be in writing, over the liberator's signature, and must be received by the Secretary direct from the liberator. 17. In case any timer or member fails to respond to the Sec- retary's notification and instructions, or the competing member to supply in ample time an acceptable substitute for the full carrving out of the same, or fails to render a satisfactory ex- 46 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. planation, the said competing member may be held accountable to the Executive and Race Committee for neglect of duty, on a written complaint filed by the Secretary with the President, and be debarred from any interest in the particular races in progress. i8. The Secretary is not to be held responsible for the non- compliance of liberators in carrying out the instructions of a flight, nor for the careless and incomplete performance of in- structions rendered by any timer or member, since the irregu- larities may be beyond his control ; but it is his duty and office to see that all acting timers and members are thoroughly con- versant and familiar with the Race Rules and requirements, and to correct or adjust any discrepancy or irregularity in their work, or that of any timer or member, that may arise, as far as practicable, and with all possible dispatch, to secure indisputable and complete record for any flight that may be in progress. Failing this the Secretary may be held accountable for neglect of duty, on written charges being, filed by any member with the President ; such charges to be acted upon by the Executive and Race Committees. 19. Any direct refusal to comply with the Race Rules by a member of the club fcrfeits all right to record in the races, if proven on investigation, and the Secretary and the Race Com- mittee may decline to handle his birds, and make complaint to the President. 20. Each loft can enter but twenty birds or less, in the old birds' races, and but twenty or less in the young birds' races. 21. In the pool prizes each member pays so much per bird of his entry as may be arranged. 22. On race da>s, when the timer arrives at the loft, there must be no birds at liberty belonging to said loft, excepting those competing in the race or outs from previous tosses ; and arrivals must immediately be handed to the timer, bearing countermark and showing regular number on wing and colors for verification, with entry list in his possession. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKART. RUGBY POLO Official Playing Rules of the Inter-City Rugby Polo Association, New York. RULE I. Each team shall consist of five players, two substitutes, one goal-tender, one cover-point, one right guard, one left guard, and one forward. RULE II, The ball shall be a leather (pig skin) covered ball, of not more or less than seven inches in diameter and must be in- flated, the same as any basket ball and shall be furnished by the home club and become the property of the home club. The home club must always have two balls on hand; in case of accident to the first ball the second must be furnished immediately. RULE III. The sticks shall be the regulation Spalding polo club, with wrist straps. The skates must be securely fastened to the feet, and no player can call time to adjust his skates. In case skate is broken and a player is thereby obliged to leave the surface, his place must be taken by a substitute in uniform. The player retiring may resume his position at the option of his captain. RULE IV. Should the ball become out of shape, cut, or rip, so as to ex- pose the rubber or in any way so injured as to be, in the opinion of the referee, unfit for use, the referee, on being appealed to by either captain, shall at once put the alternate ball in play. RULE V. The goal shall be three feet high and six feet long. Two goal posts to stand on their own base, the base of same not to ex- ceed eight inches square. In playing a game the front of a goal must not be less than ten feet from the end and an equal dis- tance from the sides of the playing surface of the rink. 48 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. RULE VI. No player, except the goal-tender, shall be allowed within the semicircle plainly indicated in front of the goal, the radius of which must be 2% feet from the center of the goal-line. The cover point must at no time gO' within this goal-line. If he does so, it will constitute a foul against the side so offended. It is understood that if the goal-tender leaves his position, whoever for the time being takes his place will be the goal-tender. A goal is won by the passage of the ball between the goal posts from the front. No goal shall be allowed when kicked in by the opposing team. The goal-keeper can, however, stop the ball with any part of his person or stick. RULE VII. The ball shall be placed at rest in the center of the rink and the two forwards face off. RULE VIII. The positions of the team shall remain the same during each period of the play, the goals to be reversed at the second half. In case of a tie at the expiration of the second half, an additional period of five minutes shall be ordered by the referee. In case of no goals being scored in that period of time, said game to be declared a tie and to be played at some future time not interfer- ing with the regular schedule, but game to constitute a League game. RULE IX. Two halves of ten minutes each of actual playing time shall constitute a game except as provided for hereinafter, and the club winning the most goals in that time to be declared the winner. RULE X. There shall be a corp of officials, referee, time-keepers, etc., appointed. The time-keeper to be appointed on recommendation of the local manager, and time is to be kept by means of a stop watch or stop clock. There will be two goal umpires appointed by the referee, who shall be the sole judges of all goals made during progress of game. The visiting team shall be allowed a representative at each game, who may require of the official timer that the watch be so held that both can at all times see its face and the official scorer to keep his record so that the vis- iting representative may at all time see same. At any time a SPALDING'S ATHIETIC LIBRARY. 49 question arises notes shall be made of the conditions, and mat- ters settled at the close of the period. RULE XL No person but the players and the referee shall be permitted on the surface during a match, unless assistance is to be ren- dered in case of accident or upon mutual invitation of the cap- tains and referee. Failure to observe this rule within one minute after the direction of the referee to leave the floor will carry with it a forfeiture of the game. RULE XIL The referee shall have charge of the game and the surface from the time the game is called to its finish or postponement. Lie shall start and call the game, settle all disputed points and shall announce each goal and all fouls and their natures and by whom committed. The referee is the master of the surface from (he beginning of the game to its close and is entitled to the respect of the spectators. Any person ofifering any insult or in- dignity to him shall be ejected from the premises. He must be addressed by the players as Mr. Referee and he must compel the players to observe the provisions of the playing rules. The referee must keep the contesting teams constantly playing from the beginning of the game to its termination, allowing for such delays as are unavoidable by accident. The referee must call play promptly at the hour designated by the home club and at the blast of the whistle, the contest shall begin. No goal can be counted that is made until the signal has been given to play. The sound of the gong shall announce the termination of the contest. RULE XIIL All skates must be ball-bearing and in perfect running order. All rolls must revolve freely and may be examined by the referee, on request of a captain of the opposing team. The referee must bar any skater from the game who appears prepared to play with rolls that will not revolve. There shall be no attachment to shoes or skates other than those necessary to keep them on the feet. RULE XIV. There should be an official scorer connected with each club, who shall prepare a summary for each contest, which shall con- tain the names of players, date of game, the number and order of goals and by whom they were made, giving the name of 50 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. players making same, which shall be mailed to the league presi- dent without delay. He shall also keep a record of fouls and by whom committed. RULE XV. If, after the completion of a game, the decision of a referee is questioned, the referee may, by submitting a formal complaint in full, have the matter decided by the Board of Arbitration ; but no club shall have the right to enter a complaint that does not abide by the decision of the referee, and play the game out under his direction. Any club refusing to finish the game shall be liable to expulsion. The Board of Arbitration shall be se- lected by the President of the Association and to consist of not more than four men and the President. RULE XVL If the ball go out of bounds, the referee shall blow the whistle to call time, and place the ball at least four feet from the rail or boundary line, at the point opposite where it went out. In resuming play, players must stand in position to place the ball lengthwise of the playing surface with their backs toward the sides. The players, who are in the scrimmage, at the sound of the referee's whistle, shall cease play. RULE XVII. Time shall be called by the referee, where foul occurs. Upon the renewal of the game the ball must be placed where the foul occurred and the ball faced off. RULE XVIII. WHAT CONSTITUTE.S A FOUL. If a player run about or strike the ball while one of his skates are off or broken. If any player put his stick between the arm and body of another player. Body checks, or unwarrantable blocking that is manifestly intended as an interference by one player with another may be declared a foul by the referee upon his own observation or upon the complaint of the captain of the offended team. This latter provided the referee is in any way cognizing of the foul committed. Said player shall be removed from play and placed on the side lines for not less than one or two minutes. The penalty of the same is at the option of the referee according to the offense committed. Also if the player hits the ball by any other means than the regulation polo stick. The player may, however, stop progress of the ball when in air SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 51 with left hand or arm. The ball must, however, be /mmediately dropped at his feet. Intentional holding of the ball is a foul. No player is allowed to kick the ball and by so doing advancing the ball by any other means than by the stick. Also holding upon whicii intentionally to keep him out of playing with sticks, hand or feet, is a foul. Stick must not at any time be raised any higher than the shoulder. Any player being removed twice un- der these rules, the third time to be expelled from game and substitute take his place. RULE XIX. If, on account of the injury of any player a substitute is neces- sary and no regular member of the team is present, any com- petent person present may be selected with the approval of the captain of the opposing team, given in presence of the referee. RULE XX. If a dispute arise upon the surface, it shall be settled by the referee and the two captains but the players shall take no part in the discussion unless called upon by the referee. RULE XXI. Upon beginning a play the visiting club shall take the goal nearest the entrance. RULE XXII. If, from any cause during the game, the play should be sus- pended, each player shall refrain from touching or knocking the ball about the surface. RULE XXIII. If any club refuses to play a schedule game or to abide by the decision of the referee within one minute after being ordered to resume play they shall forfeit the game and be liable to expul- sion. RULE XXIV. The uniform required to play the game is as follows: Regulation long-sleeved Jerseys ; knee pants, light padding on hip and knee ; stockings and shin guards. No shin guard, how- ever, to be longer than ten inches. Stick used must be the Spalding Regulation Polo Stick with wrist s'rap attached. RULE XXV. The sound of the gong shall announce the close of each period. 62 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. RULE XXVI. Any player using profane language on the floor or acting !i an ungentlemanly manner sufficient to attract the attention o the spectators shall be ordered from the floor by the referee an( take no further part in the game, a substitute taking his place. RULE XXVIL Any act by any player that is manifestly intended to injure ; player, delay or obstruct the game, shall subject the player t( expulsion from the floor and substitute take his place. RULE XXVIIL In case of any disturbance, unnecessary noise, or interferenc( of the game or the referee by any person, the referee shall hav( the right to suspend the game until quiet is restored. He mai order the ofl'ending party or parties expelled from the rink. Ii case of a refusal of the above mentioned rules he may stop th( game and award same to the team leading at the time of th( dispute. SPALDING'S ATHLKTIC LIBRARY. RULES FOR CALEDONIAN GAMES PUTTING THE STONE. Weight of heavy stone, 21 pounds : weight of light stone, 14 pounds. The stone must be '"putted" from the shoulder — not thrown with a swing. Competitors will be allowed a race of seven feet six inches. Passing the toe-mark before the stone strikes the ground will be accounted a "foul," but must stand for one of the three trials allowed. The toe-mark shall be a board between three and four inches in height. RUNNING LONG JUMP. At the starting point one line shall be laid down for competi- tors to spring from, as nearly as possible. Measurement to be from toe-mark to nearest break. Competitors running across the line shall be held to have had one trial. No weight allowed. RUNNING HOP, STEP AND JUMP. Must be a fair hop, step and jump. To be governed by the same rules as the running long jump. No weights allowed. STANDING JUMP. Competitors must jump from the first spring. Only one line used, which will be the "foul," or measuring line. Same rules as in running long jump. No weights allowed. SHORT AND LONG RACES. Competitors start from a straight line on a signal given by firing a pistol. Any competitor stepping over the line previous to the signal being given will incur the penalty of being put back one yard. For a repetition, in the same race, two yards, and for a third offence he shall be ruled out of the race. Any competitor taking hold of, or otherwise impeding another in the race, will be ruled out. The distance of all races on the pro- gramme shall be specified, and no short race shall exceed 150 yards. HURDLE RACE. Same rules as short and long races. Hurdles to be 3 feet 6 inches in height, four hurdles to every lOO yards. Hurdles to be jumped without touching the hands. 64 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. HIGHLAND DANCING. Highland dancing shall consist of Highland fling. Strathspey and reel steps. Judges are required to discriminate against com- petitors who interpolate steps peculiar to horn-pipe, jig and other dancing. HIGHLAND FLING. Correct position, time and number of steps (not less than eight) executed with the greatest apparent ease and taste shall distmguish the winner. REELS. In reel dancing strathspey steps only (i.e., steps in which the sole of the foot rises only as high as the ankle) and admissible during strathspey time. Four strathspey and four ,reel steps will be deemed sufficient, although dancers at their discretion nlay increase the number. The same conditions as in Highland fling will again apply. REEL OF TULLOCH. Also as in Highland fling, with the additional requirements of high, low or side-cutting. GHILLIE CALLUM OR SWORD DANCE. The competitor dancing the usual number of steps, not less than seven (7), which includes quick time, with ease and grace- fulness. Position, time, execution and without displacing or touching the sword or swords will be deemed the winner. Com- petitors are required to stop the moment the swords are touched or displaced, which disqualifies the competitor unless two or more touches and the competitors are then given reconsideration. (Swords are placed but not to touch.) BAGPIPE PLAYING. 1. All competitors shall use the Highland bagpipe, the same to be fully supplied with reeds in proper order. 2. Competitors shall accompany their entries with a list of tunes, not less than four of the character for which prizes may be given, judges to select from said lists the tunes to be played, causing if possible the same tunes to be played by all. 3. The judges shall not see the players during the competition and the lists shall be written in one hand-writing and given to them after they are secreted. 4. The points to be observed in arriving at a decision are as follows: ist, whether the pipes are in tune; 2d, the character of SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 55 piece played, whether difficuU or easy; 3d, taste and time main- tained, if shifting, too fast, or slow ; 4th, mistakes, such as missing notes, omitting to repeat a part or playing it over too often. 5. Competitors shall play the tunes selected by the judges or be held disqualified. Each tune shall be played twice over only, except in piobaireached (pibroch), when once through will be deemed sufficient. TOSSING THE CABER. The length of the Caber to be 19 feet, the diameter at thick- end to be not more than 8 inches, and 4 inches at small end. The Caber must be tossed so that the small end of the Caber shall fall and remain beyond the butt. The distance to be measured from the toe to the small end of the Caber. Three trials. THROWING THE HAMMER. Weight of heavy hammer, 16 pounds, exclusive of handle; weight of light hammer, 12 pounds, exclusive of handle. Length of handle, 3 feet 6 inches outside hammer socket. Handle to be stiff and made of hickory wood. The competitors must stand at the "scratch," and deliver the hammer without swinging the body around. When the head and handle strike the ground at the same time the head mark is the measuring mark. Should the handle strike first and the hammer bound, a length of the handle will be added measuring from the point of striking in the direction of the head. Three trials. THROWING THE 56-POUND WEIGHT. Competitors must stand at the toe-line and throw the weight by the ring. Stepping over the line before the weight strikes the ground will be considered foul, but will stand as one of the three trials allowed. HITCH AND KICK. Competitors must spring, kick and alight and hop twice with tlie same foot from which they spring. Racing or standing, at the discretion of the competitors. Three trials. RUNNING AND STANDING HIGH LEAP. The bar nmst be cleared without displacement. It must be raised gradually at discretion of judges until only one competitor can clear it. In the standing high leap the competitor must leap from the first spring. Any competitor failing three times at one heiglit shall be ruled out. Lion le^p or somersault not n.Ilowed. aPALDINQ'S ATHLETIC LIBRART. VAULTING WITH THE POLE. In vaulting, the pole must fall so as not to displace the bar. The bar must be cleared in the same manner as prescribed in the rules governing the high leap. Three trials. 1. All playing to be on stiff clay ends which must not be less than two feet in diameter, nor less than 6 inches deep. 2. The distance to be eighteen yards from center to centre of mott (head of pin). The players to stand at a distance not exceeding three feet at right angles with the pin. 3. All quoits to be circular in shape and uniform in thickness. The outside diameter must not exceed ten inches. The rim of no quoit to exceed two and one-half inches and no quoit to be less than four inches in the bore. Each player to choose his own weight of quoits. 4. The pin to be driven into the ground at an angle of forty- five degrees till the mott is level with the clay and is not to be touched on any account before measurement. 5. The removal of clay from quoits before measurement is allowable provided the quoit is not moved by so doing. 6. All measurements to be made with calipers or compasses and to reach from center of pin to the nearest part of quoit. If a quoit or quoits interferes with a measurement it or they may be removed provided its removal does not interfere with the pin or quoits. 7. Should any motter in removing clay or quoits interfere with the quoits to his opponents' disadvantage the umpire to declare the ends null and void and his opponent to have the privilege of the lead. 8. No players to be allowed to measure shots unless he mott for himself; should the motters fail to agree, the umpire to decide and his decision to be final. No quoit to count when the distance exceeds twenty inches from center of pin. 9. Should a quoit be broken during a game the measure to be taken from the nearest portion of the quoit to the center of the pin and the player allowed another pair of quoits to finish the game. 10. The player is allowed to follow his quoit after delivering it and to see how his opponent's quoits lie. 11. Each player to have a motter if he desires one. 12. An umpire to be appointed whose decision shall be final. 13. The lead to be decided by a toss and the winner of each end to lead at the next ; playing alternately. 14. When a number of players are to participate in a match SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 57 the players shall draw for their opponents by lot. Two sets of figures to be used and the players drawing corresponding num- bers to play together. 15. When there is more than one rink they are to be num- bered before drawing and the players to take their places accord- ing to the numbers drawn. The umpire to have power to change this article if he thinks it necessary and the players or player not complying with his decision he shall have power to rule them out of the game. 16. When there is an odd number of players the one drawing the blank is called the "Bye." He lays oft" until all have played and draws in the next round. But no one shall be a "Bye" more than once in a match. 17. When a match ends in three players to decide, two play oft' and the Bye then plays the winner : should the Bye then win that settles the match. But if the first winner of the round is successful then the Bye and the first loser play off for second and third place. 18. When a match ends with four players and a third prize is given the two players that are beaten shall play for it. 19. Talking to players except by the motter and all improper language is strictly prohibited. WALKING MATCH. To be a fair heel-and-toe walk. To be governed by the same rules as short and long races. POINT COMPETITIONS. In all point competitions a first prize shall count four points, a second prize three points, and a third prize two points. In general competitions, such as for best general athlete, the prize to be awarded to the competitor making the highest aggregate number of points in the entire programme, unless otherwise specified before the competition begins. HIGHLAND DRESS COMPETITION — ON POINTS. Kilt, plaid (full size) and hose. — Of uniform clan, recognized regimental or dress tartan, i to 20. Jacket or tunic. — Of velvet or cloth, with lozenge-shaped but- tons, I to 5. Kilt.— ^Worn plain, without bows of ribbons or other attached ornaments, i to 5. Vest.— Of tartan or cloth approximating to the leading colors of tartan worn, i to 5. 68 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Bonnet. — Recognized Balmoral, Glengarry, or broad pattern, I to 5. Shoes. — Low cut, i to 5. Ornaments. — Brooch, crest in bonnet, buckles on shoes, eagle or black cock feathers, i to 5. Sporran. — Goat or horse hair, i to 5. Arms, "A." — Claymore, dirk, skene dhu, with proper belts and buckles, I to 10. Arms, "B." — Pistols and horn, targe and battle axe, i to 5. General appearance. — Harmony of design, manner of wearing, carriage, i to 20. Judges may penalize competitors from i to 20 points for any defect, glaring inconsistency, slovenly appearance, in any of the points as noted above. Dress arms and ornaments complete, must be the property of the wearer. Competitors must parade on the day of games, from the club house, dressed as they will enter the competition. In awarding points, everything is left to the judges, who will decide the number of points gained for the excellence and merit of each part of the dress, as enumerated above. TUG-OF-W^AR. The ground shall be loosened to the width of three feet, and to a depth of not less than six inches. The side crease shall be twelve feet from the center. The mark on the rope must be over the center crease when the signal is given, and the team hauling that mark over the crease on its own side shall win. No footing holes shall be made before start. The contestants shall not wear spikes. The rope shall be 1^/2 inches in diameter. Immediately before the contest, the captains of all the contest- ing teams shall draw their numbers. Not less than five minutes shall be allowed each team between heats. Captains shall toss for choice of sides before each pull, but if the same two teams pull more than once during any meeting, they shall change ends at each successive pull. Competitors shall not be allowed to use any belt other than one to protect the body, and no ring, chain or fastening of any kind shall be allowed. With two teams, they shall pull best two in three. With three teams— one and two shall pull, three has a "bye" which will count as a win and entitle the team to pull the winner of the trial heat for the prize. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 59 With four teams — one and two shall pull, then three and four, and the winners pull the final. With five teams — first round, one and two, three and four, five has a "bye" ; second round, winner of the first heat pulls with five, and the winner of this heat pulls the final with the winner of second heat of first round. With six teams — first round, one and two, three and four, five and six ; second round, winner of the first and second heats. Winner of this heat pulls the final with the winner of third heat, first round. Where more than six teams enter, the arrangement of trials shall be on the same principle as in the above example. No man shall be substituted for another who has already pulled one trial, nor shall any man be allowed to pull with more than one team in any of the trials for the same prize. A time limit may be made. CURLING. Under the rules of the Grand National Curling Club of America. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. OFFICIAL RULES FOR WATER BASKET BALL (Originated by Frank J. Sullivan, Swimming Instructor, Illinois A. C, Chicago, January 23, 1906.) Rule i. The Playing Area. Water basket ball may be played in pools of any size. The playing area should be marked as follows : a mark equally dis- tant from the ends to show the center; marks fifteen feet from the ends and imaginary lines between to be called "fifteen-foot" marks. Rule 2. The Baskets. Section i. The baskets shall be hammock nets of cord, sus- pended from metal rings 18 inches in diameter (inside). The rings shall be placed five feet above the water line at each end of the playing area, equally distant from the sides. Sec. 2. In case the basket is not supported from the wall, a special background must be supplied which shall measure eight feet horizontally and eight feet vertically, made of wire netting. Sec. 3. The baskets made by A. G. Spalding & Bros, shall be the ofificial baskets. Rule 3. The Ball. Section i. The ball shall be round, made of white rubber, tightly inflated, not less than 30 inches nor more than 32 inches in circumference. Sec. 2. The ball made by A. G. Spalding & Bros, shall be the official ball and must be used in all match games. Rule 4. The Game. Section i. The game shall consist of two halves of eight minutes each, with a rest of five minutes between the halves. This is the time of actual play. These times may be changed by mutual agreement of the captains, e.xcept in championship games. Sec. 2. The teams shall change baskets at the end of the first half. Sec. 3. Time occupied by disputes, free tries for goal, repair- ing suits, replacing men and lining up for new start shall not be counted as time of play. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEARY, 61 Rule 5. Scoring. A goal made from the field shall count as 2 points and a goal made from a free trial shall count as i point. Rule 6. The Teams. Section i. A team shall consist of five men, with two reserve men who may be substituted any time the ball is not in play. A player leaving the game cannot return. Sec. 2. The teams shall line up in the water, the forwards of each team taking a station near their opponents baskets, the guards taking a position on either sides of their own basket and the centers lining up in the middle of the tank facing their opponents' basket. The game shall begin when the ball is thrown between the opposing centers by the referee. Sec. 3. After each goal has been scored and after time has been called by the referee for the purpose of cautioning gen- eral fouling, repairing of suits, introducing of substitutes or taking a player from the game, teams shall line up as at the start of the game. Rule 7. Officials. The officials shall consist of referee, timer and scorer. The referee shall decide all fouls and may give the offended side a free try for goal for each ofifense. His decision shall be final. Rule 8. The Ball in Play. Section i. The ball shall be kept on or as near the surface as possible and shall never intentionally be held under water. Un- der no circumstances shall a man swim with the ball. Dribbling the ball without touching with the hand is permitted. Sec. 2. The ball shall be held by the hands only. The using of any other part of the body to hold or assist in holding the ball constitutes a foul. Hugging the ball is a foul. Sec. 3. The ball going out of the tank shall be returned to the place from which it was thrown and given to the opposite team. Rule 9. The Players. Section i. No player shall tackle an opponent. A player in covering an opponent may block him but shall not lay hands on him. Sec. 2. No player shall hold onto the sides or ends of the tank except for the purpose of resting and shall take no part in the play while resting. Sec. 3. The scorer before the commencement of the game shall secure from the management of each team a list of their players with their positions and registration numbers. 62 spalding's athletic library. Rule io. Fouls. Section l. A foul is the breaking of any rule. It shall be a foul to tackle an opponent or to deliberately splash water at him. It shall be a foul to hold onto the sides of the tank except for the purpose of resting or to tackle the opponent by the costume. Unnecessary rough work may, at the discrimination of the referee, either be counted an ordinary foul, or he may put the offender out of the game for a period of time at his discretion or until a goal is scored or the half ends. Sec. 2. Not more than one player of each team shall touch the ball at the same time. A foul shall be called on each player violating this rule. If two players of the same team should touch the ball while it is in their possession, a foul shall be called on one of the two players of the same team. Sec. 3. When a foul has been made, the opposite side shall have a free throw for the basket from the fifteen-foot line. The player having a free throw shall not cross the fifteen-foot line until the ball has entered or missed the basket. If this rule is violated, a goal if made shall not be scored and if missed the ball shall be dead and put in play at the center. If the basket is missed and no rules have been violated the ball is in play. Sec. 4. When two or more fouls are called at the same time on opposite sides, they shall be thrown in succession and the ball shall be put in play at the center after the last throw. When two or more fouls are called at the same time on one team, they shall be thrown in succession. If a goal is made on the last throw, the ball shall be put in play at the center; if missed, the ball is in play. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. PIN BALL By Harky Sperling, Special Teacher of Physical Training, New York Public Schools ; Principal Vacation Playground and Evening Recreation Center. Some years ago, v/hile in charge of one of the open-air park playgrounds, estabHshed by the municipahty of Greater New York, the game described below was introduced by the writer. The playground material had become exhausted, and it was necessary to keep a number of boys, clamoring for something to play with, actively at play. A group of boys had been given a set of baby ninepins. I divided the boys into two teams, and we began playing in a crude way the game herein described. The game became popular at once, and with a few modifica- tions the result of several seasons with the game is herein pre- sented. The playing space is the same as for base ball. On a small field one would have to mark out a correspondingly small diamond. Directly behind the home plate a triangle is marked out, its sides fifteen inches in length, and the ape.x facing the pitcher. It is on the points of this triangle the pins are placed. 64 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Two sides are chosen, nine or less to a side. The players are given positions corresponding to those played in base ball. A bat, three nine-pins or Indian clubs, and the ball. For indoor games the indoor base ball gives best results. A. game con- sists of nine innings. Three outs retire a side. A pin or club is placed on each point of the triangle back of the home plate. The pitcher delivers the ball in an attempt to throw down one or more of these clubs. Should the pitcher succeed in knocking over one pin the batter is out. If two pins are knocked out with one delivery, two men are out, and if the pitcher is skillful enough to knock over all three in one delivery, he retires the side. The pitcher either rolls or bowls the ball. The ball must be delivered from below the hip ; i.e., a sideward or underswing of the arm. The ball must strike a point in front of the home plate to be considered fair, that is, the ball must not be sent whizzing through the air straight at the pins, but must bounce in front of them at least once. A fair or foul ball is determined by the same conditions which govern in base ball. A pin thrown down on a foul ball does not count as an out. It is the duty of the catcher to quickly replace a pin which has been displaced. After a ball has been batted, the batter runs as in base ball. A base runner caught between bases when a pin is knocked down by a fair ball, is out. The pitcher, it will be seen by this, can retire both batter and base runner, simultaneously, if he is fortunate enough to knock down a pin when a man is trying to steal a base. A strike is counted against a batsman when he attempts to hit the ball. It is a strike should the ball roll between the pins or bounce directly over them whether the batter strikes at the ball or not. Three strikes retire the batter. Girls enjoy this game better than base ball. The sides change very quickly, and the few rules are readily understood. The old favorite and popular street game of "One Old Cat" and "Two Old Cat" may be enjoyed indoors when an adaptation of "Pin Ball" is used. For "One Old Cat" place one pin behind home plate instead of three as in "Pin Ball." If this pin is knocked down by a fair ball batter is out. For "Two Old Cat" use two pins, one behind the other, about fifteen inches apart. "Pin Ball" rules apply. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. RULES FOR WALKING Walking is a succession of steps, and in contradistinction to running (wherein both feet may be off the ground at the same time), in wall^ inch, leaving a ^ inch surface whose centre point is i/S inch from floor. The ring shall weigh not less than 12 ounces, nor more than 16 ounces. RULE in. Section i. The sticks shall have no metal fittings whatever and no sharp edges, and must be made to pass through a ring of 8-10 inch inside diameter and touch at ail points. The stick shall not be less than 36 inches long, nor more than 40 inches long, and provided with a Basket-guard not less than 5 inches or more than 5I/2 inches in diameter, and not less than V2 inch or more than i inch deep, guard fitting a groove Y^ inch deep at a point on the stick 20 inches from the floor, or playing end; said end shall be convex to a height of 5/^ of an inch. The stick complete shall not weigh more than 16 ounces nor less than 12 ounces, and is preferably made of a light tough wood. Sec. 2. The stick shall be held with the right hand below the left, or v'xcc versa for a left-handed person, or may be used with either hand alone. Sec. 3. No part of the stick must at any time be raised above the shoulder. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7'.> RULE IV. Section i. The goal posts shall consist of two uprights 3 x 3 inches 3 feet high, placed on a base consisting of feet radiating in three directions from a common point, forward (into field of play), backward (toward the goal line), outward (toward the side line). Said base shall be made of wood except the extreme 514 inches of the outward foot, which shall consist of a metal weight not more than i inch thick or 5^ inches broad; the feet shall each be 12 inches in extent from the centre point, the out- ward foot provided with a cast shoe which is continuous with said weight. r Sec. 2. The goal posts shall be placed in the centre of the shortest side of the playing space, 4 feet apart, with the extreme points of the backward feet resting on the goal line. RULE V. Section i. Teams for match play shall consist of six men, designated as follows : Goal, who plays between goal posts ; Quarter, who plays on quarter line, and assists goal ten- der to guard ; Forzi'ords. who with the centre, advance the ring; Centre, who starts play from centre, "striking off." RULE VL Section i. The officials shall consist of a Referee, a Field Umpire, two Goal Umpires, a Timer, and a Scorer. Sec. 2. The Referee shall start the game from centre of field by command. "Get ready. Play" ; shall start play from held ring after call of time ; decide when ring is out of bounds and to whom it belongs ; calls time when necessary. Sec. 3. The Field Umpire watches the game for rough and foul play in accordance with the rules, and awards penalties for same. Sec. 4. Goal Umpires watch the goals from behind, one at each end of the field of play, and decide when a goal has been scored. Sec. 5. The Timer keeps the actual playing time of the game, and notifies Referee at the expiration of the time set for each l-.alf. Sec. 6. The Scorer shall keep the actual count of the goals scored, as designated by the Goal Umpire and announced by the Referee. 80 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. RULE VII. Sec. I. Captains shall be indicated by each side previous to commencement of a match ; they must be players in the match. 3ec. 2. The Captains shall be the representatives of their re- spective teams. Sec. 3. The Captains shall toss for choice of goal and be en- titled to respectfully call the attention of the officials to any viola- tion of the rules which they think have been made. Sec. 4. Before the commencement of a match, each Captain shall furnish the Scorer with a list of the men on his team, with their possessions. RULE VIII. Section i. The scoring a goal shall consist of sending the ring between the goal posts and across the goal Ime by means of the stick properly held in the hands, as described in Rule III., Sec. 2. Sec. 2. A Goal from the field counts i point ; a Goal from a foul or a penalty goal counts J^ point ; a Goal made shall count against the side over whose goal line the ring has passed as re- quired in Sec. i of Rule VIII. Sec. 3. The game shall be started by a player from each side facing each other and standing one on either side of the ring on a plane at right angles to the centre line, the floor end of each player's stick resting on the floor to the respective player's right of the ring, said ring shall rest on the centre line at a point midway between the side lines indicated by a conspicuous mark. The centre players shall, at the command of the Referee (Rule VI., Sec. 2), start the ring with the stick into motion in any di- rection he may desire from periphery of ring. Sec. 4. Play will thus be started at the beginning of the game after each goal and the beginning of each half. Sec. 5. After the Referee gives the command the ring must first be touched by one of the centre mea ; a violation of this rule shall constitute a foul. When two fouls at once on opposite sides are called (they should be shot in succession), the ring shall then be dead and put in play at the centre. All players other than the centre men shall remain on side nearest their own goal, and not nearer than 6 feet of the centre line, until the ring is first touched into play by one of the centre men. Should the centre men touch the ring into play prior to the completion of the command of the Referee, he shall declare a penalty goal against the offender, and shall permit the opponent a free sliot from the centre point at the goal, unprotected except by the goal tender. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Sec. 6. After time has been called, llie Referee shall put the ring in play at a point near the spot where it was when time was called (Rule VIII., Sec. 7), unless it be held by one player out of bounds, in which case play shall be resumed at the whistle of the Referee, as if time had not been called. Sec. 7. The two opponents nearest the spot when time was called shall strike off for the ring as at the centre. Sec. 8. When the ring is held by two or more players whose sticks are through the centre for any length of time, the Referee shall blow his whistle, stop play, and start again with the two players between whom the ring was held at the point held, as at centre. Sec. 9. Whenever the ring is put in play by the Referee be- tween two players, they must stand on a line parallel to the side lines, and must not be approached to withm 6 feet by any other player, until play is started. Sec. 10. A game must be decided by the winning of the most points in 50 minutes, playing time, except in case of a tie. Sec. II. In case of a tie, the game shall continue without change of goals until either side has scored one point. Sec. 12. If the ring is shoved between the goal posts by other means than the feet or stick properly held in the hands, the Ref- eree shall award a goal to the opposing team. Sec. 13. The game shall consist of two halves of 25 minutes ■each, with 10 minutes intermission between halves ; this is the actual time of play, which may be changed by mutual agreement of the Captains. Sec. 14. The teams shall change goals at the end of each half. Sec. 15. When a foul has been declared the opposite side shall have a free shot for the goal (protected only by the goalkeeper), from any point on the quarter line ; no part of the player shooting the foul shall cross the quarter line until the ring has crossed the goal line between the goal posts or missed the goal. If this rule is violated, the goal, if made, shall not be scored, and if missed, the ring shall be put in play from the centre of the field as at the opening of the game. Sec. 16. No player shall stand nearer than six feet of the player who has the free shot, or of the line the ring must take from the point shot to pass between the goal posts, or interfere with the ring until after it reaches the goal line between the goal posts, or misses the goal. If this rule is violated by one of the opposite team and the goal is missed, another free shot shall be allowed. The Referee makes the decision for the violation of this rule. 82 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Sec. 17. The ring may be shot in any direction with the stick properly held, and with a sweeping motion (shoveling or scoop- ing not permitted). Sec. 18. The ring shall not be kicked, struck or advanced in any direction except by means of the stick properly held, except by the goal tender, who may use his feet to stop or kick the ring while between the goal posts. The Umpire shall call a foul' for the violation of this rule. Sec. 19. A player may not advance the ring by rushing it and then shoot a goal; a goal so made does not score and the ring continues in play. Rushing is advancing the ring with the stick held continuously in the centre or against the side, or by re- peated short passes uninterrupted by the ring having been touched by another player. The ring thus advanced must be passed to another player before a goal can be scored. This shall not be interpreted as interfering with a man's turning around with- out making progress. A violation of this rule shall constitute a foul. Sec. 20. The ring shall be held with the stick (properly held in the hands), but the using of any part of the body or person to hold or assist in holding the ring constitutes a foul, and the Umpire shall call a foul for the same. Sec. 21. There shall be no cross-checking; that is, running between a player and the ring, unless you can touch and shoot the ring with the stick held in the hand before coining in contact with the other player. A violation of this rule shall constitute a foul. Sec. 22. There shall be no tackling or holding of an opponent. The arms or stick shall not be used in any way to interfere with the progress of a player who has not the ring ; excepting, that the player who has the ring may use one arm straight to ward off an opponent ; grasping the clothing or person or stick of a player with the hands, or putting one or both arms about a player, or holding the stick across the person of a player, shall be called holding, and contitutes a foul. Sec. 23. There shall be no shouldering, tripping, striking, kicking, hooking, or intentional or unnecessary roughness of any kind. A violation of this rule constitutes a foul. The Referee m.ay for the first offense and shall for the second offense dis- qualify the offender for that game. A foul is the violation of the rules whether intentional or otherwise. The Umpire shall call a foul for the violation of this rule. Sec. 24. A substitute shall be allowed for a disqualified player and the foul made shall be allowed. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 83 Sec. 25. Whenever, because of sickness or accident to a player, it becomes necessary to call "time," play must be resumed in five minutes. If the injured player is unable to resume play by that time, a substitute shall take his place or the game start at once without him, otherwise, men can only be changed between halves and only after notifying the Scorer and Referee. Any goals made by a team violating this rule shall not be counted, but this shall not affect the score of the other team. A man once removed from a game cannot play again during that game. Sec. 26. The ring is out of bounds only when it has com- pletely crossed the boundary lines. (a) When the ring is passed from the field of play and re- mains there, the Referee shall give it to the opponent. (b) When the ring is passed out of bounds it shall go to the opposing side, but in case of a doubt in the mind of the Referee as to which player touched it last, it shall be given to the player first touching it outside. (c) In case of a doubt in the mind of tjie Referee as to which player first touched the ring outside, he shall put it in play inside the field of play on a line with the spot where it left the field of play, as at centre by the two players between whom the doubt exists. '(d) When the ring goes out of bounds and returns in again, play shall continue whether or not it was touched while out of bounds, except if the Referee's whistle is blown ; the ring shall then be put in play as though it had not returned to the field of play. (e) When it is passed to a player out of bounds, the Referee shall give it to the opponent at the spot where it left the field of play. (f) The ring shall not be carried from the field of play. The Umpire shall call a foul for the violation of this rule. (g) A player is allowed five seconds to hold the ring out of bounds. (h) The ring may be passed in any direction into the field of play from a point out of bounds on a line drawn at right angles to the boundary line at the soot where it left the field of play- (1) A player shall not be interfered with in passing the ring Into the field of play ; no part of an opponent's person shall be out of bounds^and the opponent shall not touch the ring until It has crossed the line into the field of play. If these rules are violated, the Referee shall return the ring to tlie player out of bounds. Repeated interference and conse- 84 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, qiicnt delay of ilic game sliall he ciiuiitecl as a foul against the learn so delaying. Said foul shall he called hy the Referee. Sec. 2"]. A goal shot by a player, any part of whose body is out of bounds, shall not be scored, and play shall continue. Sec. 28. If a player shoots a goal and the Referee decides that the shot was made before the whistle of an ofificial was sounded, and the shot results in a goal, the goal shall be scored except as in Sec. 30 of this rule. Sec. 29. When the Umpire's and Referees' whistles sound simultaneously, the Referee is to decide whose is to take pre- cedence. Sec. 30. The Referee shall decide that a goal shot before the whistle can be blown for a foul made by the team shooting the goal shall not count, but if a player is fouled while shooting a goal, both shall count. Sec. 31. A game goes by default to a team appearing at the ap- pointed time and place ready for play when the other team fails to meet its agreement. Sec. 32. There shall be no protests against the decisions of officials, except in regard to interpretations of rules. Sec. t^Z- Any remarks on the part of a player during the prog- ress of a game derogatory in any way to the officials shall be called a foul by the Referee. Sec. 34. The home team shall be held responsible for the behavior of the spectators. Sec. 35. The Referee shall promptly disqualify any player using profane or abusive language. OFFICIAL RULES FO R ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. 2 No. o AU-Round Athletic Cham- pionship A. A. U. Athletic Rules .... A. A. U. Boxing Rules A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules. . A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. A. A. U. Wrestling Rules. . . Archery Badminton Base Ball Indoor Basket Ball, Official Collegiate Women's Water Basket Goal Bat Ball Betting Bowling Boxing— A. A. U., Marquis of Queen sbury, London Prize Ring Broadsword (mounted) Caledonian Games Canoeing Children's Games Court Tennis Cricket Croquet Curling Dog Racing Fencing Foot Ball Association (Soccer) English Rugby Rugby (Ontario R. F. U., Quebec R.F.U.,Canadian LC.F. B.U.) Golf Golf-Croquet Hand Ball Hand Polo Hand Tennis Hitch and Kick Hockey Ice Field Garden Lawn Parlor Ring ; Ontario Hockey Ass'n Indoor Base Ball Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. . Lacrosse U. S. I. C. Lacrosse League Lawn Bowls Lawn Games Lawn Tennis Obstacle Races Olympic Game Events — Mar- athon Race, Stone Throw- ing with Impetus, Spear Throwing, HellenicMethod of Throwing Discus. Dis- cus, Greek Sty le for Youths Pigeon Flying Pin Ball Playground Ball Polo ( Equestrian) Polo, Rugby Polo, Water (A. A. U.) Potato Racing Professional Racing, Shef- field Rules Public Schools Athletic League Athletic Rules Girls' Branch ; including Rules for School Games. Push Ball Push Ball, Water Quoits Racquets Revolver Shooting Ring Hockey Roller Polo Roller Skating Rink Roque Rowing Sack Racing Shuffleboard Skating Skittles Snowshoeing Squash Racquets Swimming Tether Tennis Three- Legged Race Volley Ball Wall Scaling. Walking Water Polo (American) Abater Polo (English) Wicket Polo Wrestling Y. M. C. A. All-Round Test Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . Y. M. C. A . Hand Ball Rules. Y MCA. Pentathlon Rules. Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules. 2 No. O 12 55 12 55 12 55 1 306 10 199 12 hh 12 an 12 311 12 314 11 170 12 55 11 167 11 194 12 .55 6 180 10 10 10 10 11 271 13 12« 12 55 12 55 13 209 12 55 12 .55 11 194 13 177 11 188 12 .55 « 188 12 .55 12 .55 12 311 12 .55 10 188 14 236 12 302 12 302 12 302 12 302 12 302 5f,SrT:Tll?JHE SPALDING ITRADE-IVIARK''Zr,?.E^ THE SPALDING OFFICIAL INTERCOLLEGIATE FOOT BALL THIS is the ONLY OFFICIAL RUGBY iouT BALL, and is used in every important match played in this country. Guaranteed absolutely If seal or box is unbroken. We pack with leather case and guaranteed pure Para rubber bladder, (no composition), an inflater, lacing needle and rawhide lace. No. J5. Complete, $5.00 We Guarantee every Spaldlng Fool Ball to be periecl In material and workmanship and correct in shape and size when inspected at our lac- lory. 11 any delect is discovered during the lirsl game in which It Is used, or during the lirst day's practice use, and 11 returned at once, we will replace same under this guarantee. We do not guarantee against ordinary wear nor against deled in shape or size that is not discovered Immediately atler the ilrsi day's use. Owing to the superb quality ol every Spalding Foot Ball, our customers have grown to expect a season's use oi one ball, and at limes make unreason- able claims under our guarantee, which we will not allow. With pocket on either side and a particularly convenient and popular st\le for golf pla\ers Each, 96.00 if $75.00 Doz. T^0^ T^£J Spalding Vest Collar Sweaters Nil BG. Best quality worsted, good \ < i^'ht. Gray or White only, withex- tii lie open or low neck. Each, S6.60 -k $57.00 Doz. Boys' Jacket Sweater N 3JB. Thisisanall wool jacket iter, with pearl buttons; fur- iii^l ed in Gray only, and sizes from II to 36 inches chest measurement Each, S3. OO -k $33.00 Doz SPKIAL NOTICE-We will lornish any ol I charge. This does not apply la (he No. 3JB Boys* Sweater. The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with -k will be quoted only on orders for one half dozen or more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with -k E^^ Con,mur.>ca.on^^ ^^ Q^ SPALDING & BROS. New York Boston Sjrracuif Buffalo Phlladelplila Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOK STREET SL.^KEKS : *^ I London, I Edinburgh, I Sydney, if? ~ I England | Scotland | Australi a | ' Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices in effect July 5, 190i>. Subject to change without notice. Athletic Shirts, Tights and Trunks STOCK COLORS AND SIZES Worsted Goods, Best Quality We carry following colors regularly in stock: Black, Navu Blue and Maroon, in stock sizes. Shirts, 26 to U in. chest. Tights, 28 to 1,2 in. waist. Othet colors and sizes made to order at special prices. Estimates on application. Onr No. 600 Line Worsted Goods. Furnished in Gray and White, Navy Blue, Maroon. and Black only. Stock sizes: Shirts, 26 to U in. chest; Tights, 28 to 1,2 in. waist. Sanitary Cotton Goods. Colors: Bleached White, Navy, Black, Maroon and Gray. Stock sizes: Shirts, 26 to H in. chest; Tights, 26 to 1,2 in. waist. Spalding Sleeveless Shirts No. I E. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Each, S3.00 No. 600. Cut worsted, stock colors and sizes. Each, » I .60 -k $13.50 Doz. No. 6E. Sanitary Cotton,stock colors and sizes. Each,60c. * White, $1,.50 Dos Spalding Striped Sleeveless Shirts * ^'''•''^'' ^ ^^^"^ No. 600S. Cut Worsted, with 4-inch stripe around chest, in following com binations of colors; Navy with White stripe; Black with Orangestripe; Mar i with White stripe; Red with Black stripe; Royal Blue with White stripe; Bid k with Red stripe; Gray with Cardinal stripe. . Each, S 1 .50 * $15.00 L) No. eES. Sanitary Cotton, solid color body, with 4-inch str\pe around chest in same combinations of colors as No. 600S. . Each, 76.'c. * $7.50 D Spalding Shirts with Sash No. 6ED. Sanitary Cotton, sleeveless, solid color body with sash of differ ent color. Same combinations of colors as No. 600S. Each, 76c. if $7.50 Doz Spalding Quarter Sleeve Shirts No. IF. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Each, S3. CO No. 60 I . Cut Worsted, stock colors.and sizes. Each, S I . 60 * $15.00 Doz No. 6F. Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. 60c. if White, i. 50 Doz Spalding Full Sleeve Shirts ^Colors, i.75Doz No. 3D. Cotton, Flesh, White, Black. . , . . Each, SI. CO Spalding Knee Tights No. IB. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. . Pair, S3. CO No. 604. Cut Worsted, stock colors and sizes. Pair. $ 1 .60 ir $13.50 Doz. No. 4B. Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. Pair. 60c. • White, $!,.50 • Colors, $i.75 Spalding Full Length Tights No. I A. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. . Pair, S4.00 Cut Worsted, stock colors and Pair, S2.00 • $21.00 Doz. Cotton, full quality. White, Black, Pair, S I .GO * $9.00 Doz. Spalding Worsted Trunks No. I . Best Worsted. Bhck Maroon and Navy. Pr.,$2 CO No. 2. Cut Worsted, Niw and black. Special colors to order. . Pair, » I CO Spalding Velvet Trunks No. 3. Fine Velvet. Colois Black, Navy, Royal Blue Ma roon. Special colors to order Pair, S I .CO • $10.00 Do. No. 4. Sateen. Black.White Pair, 60c. * $5.00 Doz. See our complete calalagne for Running PanU, Y. M. C. A. Trousers, etc. Sent on application to any address. The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with if will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with if A. G. SPALDING & BROS. "^gS Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleani Montreal. Canada FOU STREET ?JU.^tBElfS SEE ISSIDE FHOyT COVER n l^^ Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to cliange without notice. "'*° THE SPALDING (r Dtrademark The Spalding Championship Gloves The Spalding "Cham- pionship" Gloves are endorsed by all cham- pions and have been exclusively used for years in champion- ship contests and in training. The mate- rial and workman- ship are of the high- est quality, the fit is perfect, and by their peculiar construction absolutely prevent any chance of injury to the hands or wrists. Each set is carefully inspected before packing and guaranteed in every particular. Made in three sizes in sets of four .gloves. No. I IB. The Spald- ing 5-0/,. ••Cham- pionship" Glove. Per set of four gloves, S6 OO No. I I 6. The Spald- ing 6-oz. ••Cham- pionship " Glove. Per set of four gloves, $6.00 No. I 18. The Spald- ing 8-oz. ■•Cham- pionship " Glove. Per .set of four gloves, $6. BO Spalding "Special" No. 2 18 ?.ime style as our "Championship" 8-oz. Gloves, but not s;Lme quality materi- al and workmanship. No. 2 18. Per set of four gloves. $4. SO Spalding "Navy Special" Clianipionship Gloves Used by the Champions of Ihe Navy These gloves are made of a special "sea gri tn " leather, of particularly durable (ILi ilitv. Furnished in 8.-oz. only, similar in t.t\le to No. 118, and with padded wrist. No. I 8N. Per set of four gloves, $B.OO Spalding Pupil's Boxing Gloves Actmg on the suggestion of one of the most prominent athletic officials in this country, we decided recently to get up a boxing glove that would be an aid to the pupil learning to box This glove is additionally padded on the forearm and over the wrist, to prevent that soreness which is one of the most discouraging ciovt features following a brisk lesson in the art of ••blocking. " PaMim on wnsu part is well padded with curled hair, the leather being best quality soft tanned. No. I I O. Per set of four gloves. $6.00 The Spalding Instructors' Gloves, 10-oz. Made of best grade brown glove leather, extra heavily padded over the knuckles and with special large padded thumb to prevent injury to either instructor or pupil. Laces extra far to pro- vide ample ventilation and has patent palm grip Per set of four gloves. $6 CO The Spalding 5-oz. Boxing Gloves None Better at Any Price Made of special quality light tan- colored glove leather, very soft and smooth. Plain laced wrist-band, patent palm lacing and patent palm grip. An ideal glove for limited round contests. No. I OB. Per set of four gloves, S7.00 EACH SET OF BOXING GLOVES CONSISTS OF FOUR GLOVES. MATED IN TWO PAIRS miladelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada ' STREET MUMPERS : \roR s l^SfJ London, I Edinburgh, I I T I England | Scotland J Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis San Francisco Kansas City Denver Detroit Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Friiei in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to change without notice n'TUT"ETHESPALDING(t~fjTRADEMARK Spalding Boxing Gloves No. II. Corbett pattern, large 7-oz. glove, best quali- ty brown glove leather, padded with best curled hair, patent palm lacing, padded wristband, patent palm grip. Substantially made throughout for hard usage. Set of four gloves, SB.OO No. 9. Regulation 5-oz. glove, otherwise same as No. U. Set of four gloves, S6.00 Above illustrates the patent palm lacing and patent palm grip referred to in descriptions of Spalding boxing gloves. With these improvements we believe our line is absolutely the finest on the market. The patent palm laiing, insuring a snug fit at all times, is a very valuable feature, and the patent palm grip we know, will be appreciated by those who want gloves that are up-to-date in every particular. No. I 4. Regulation 5-oz. glove, dark wine color, pad- ded wristband, patent palm lacing and palm grip, Much improved. Set of four gloves, S4.00 No. I 5. Corbett pattern, olive tanned leather, well padded with hair, padded wrist- band, patent palm lacing, patent palm grip. Set of four gloves, 84. OO No. I 7. Corbett pattern, cra- ven tan leather, well pad- ded with hair, patent palm lacing, patent palm grip, padded wristband. Set of four gloves, 84. OO No. 11. Corbett Pattern No. I 9. Corbett pattern, craven tan leather, well padded with hair, patent palm grip and patent palm lacing. Set of four gloves, S3 . 6 O No. S I . Corbett pattern, dark wine color lea- ther. Well padded with hair and patent palm lacing. . . Set of four gloves, S3.00 No. 23. Regular pattern, fine quality brown tanned leather. A very well made glove. Hair padded and patent palm lacing. Set of four gloves, 82. OO No. 24. Regular pattern, craven tan leather, hair padded, elastic wristband. Set, 81 .60 Jo. 23. Beflular Pattern SPALDING YOUTHS' BOXING GLOVES All Styles, Padded with Hair Spalding Youths' Boxing Gloves are made in exactly the same manner and of the same material as the full size gloves of our manufacture and are warranted to give satisfaction. No. 45. Youths' Championship Glove, Corbett pattern, best quality brown glove leather, extra well finished and double stitched, patent palm lacing and patent palm grip. . Set of four gloves, S3.60 No. 40. Youths' size. Corbett pattern, soft craven tan leather, well padded, patent palm lacing. . . Set of four gloves, 82. 60 5 No. 25. Youths' Csrbctt Pattern palm lacing. regular pattern, soft tanned leather, patent fg^ g, Setof four gloves, 81. 50 Hegul.r" Pelt.rn lU!^^ Con,n,unicaaor,s^ ^ ^^ Q^ SPALDING & BROS. ' attention. New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Fhlladelphla Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada ^ I London, I Edinburgh,! Sydney, 1^ ~ I England I Scotland | AustraUa I ^ Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul • I^ces in effect July 5, 190S. Subject (g change ivithoul notice. IsSBsmuUHESPALDINGliljTRADEMARK GUARANTEES I f^ THE SPALDING STRIKING BAGS -^ THE BLADDERS USED IN AIX OUR STRIKING BAGS ARE MADE OF PURE PARA ROBBER (NO COMPOSITION) AND FVIXY GUARANTEED All our single end bags except No. G are made with solid leather top, through center of which rope passes, making them the most certam in action of any. Laces on side at top, so that the bladder can be inflated without interfering with rope. Each bag is most carefully inspected then packed complete in box with bladder, lace and rope. No. G. This is a heavy durable Gymnasium Bag suitable for all around exercise work and the strongest bag made. The cover is of heavy English grain leather, same as used in our best grade foot balls and basket balls and made in the same way. It will outlast two or three bags of any other make. With loop top. Each, $8.00 No. I 9. Made of highest quality Patna kid, the lightest and strongest of leather. Sewed with linen thread, double stitched and red welted seams. Especially suited for exhibition work, and a very fast bag. Each, S7.00 No. I 9S. Same material as No. 19, but furnished with special light bladder and weighs only 7 ounces complete. The fastest bag made, but very strong and durable Each, S7.00 No. 20. Made of finest selected calfskin, double stitched, red welted seams and reinforced throughout. Very fast and a durable bag for all around use Each, S7.00 No. 18. The "Fitzsimmons Special." Made of finest selected olive Napa tanned leather, extra well made; double stitched, red welted seams and rein- forced throughout. For training purposes particularly this bag will be found extremely satisfactory in every respect Each, 86. OO ■No. I as. Same as No. 18, but smaller in size and lighter. Intended for very speedy work. . . ■ Each, 96. OO No. I 2. Olive tanned leather, specially selected; double stitched, red welted seams and reinforced throughout. Excellent for quick work. Each, S4.00 No. I O. Specially tanned brown glove leather; double stitched, red welted seams and reinforced throughout. Very well made. . Each, $3.60 No. I 7. Made of fine craven tanned leather, well finished; double stitched, red welted seams and reinforced throughout. A good bag. Each. $3.60 No. I 6. Extra fine grain leather, full size and lined throughout. Each, 3.00 No. I 5. Made of olive tanned leather, full size and lined throughout; red welted seams Each, S2.00 No. 14. Good quality colored sheepskin; lined throughout. Each, I.60 SPALDING STRIKING BAG SWIVELS No. 8. The simplest and most effective ball bearing swivel on the market. Rope can be changed instantly without interfering with any other part of swivel . Each, SI.60 No. 9. With removable socket for quickly sus- pending or removing bag without read- justing Each, 50c. No. I I . Swivel action, with bell cord coupling and rope attached. Fastens permanently to disk; japan finish. . . Each, 60c. No. 6. Japanned iron stem for use with plat- form or disk. . . . Each, 36c. No. 12. Ball and socket action. Fastens perma- nently to disk; nickel-plated. Each, 26o. '^ ^ ^^ga] Com munications New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Plilladelphia Wasliington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada s England! Scotland Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland St. Louis ansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul f rices in effect July 5. 1909. Subject to change without notice. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE B))Wr»iUAMr)!Ml ^ Moline Striking Bag Platform OUK Moline Platform is adjustable in height, readily attached to any ~ wall, and the side brackets so arranged that it touches three rows of studding. Neat in design and handsomely finished, it in noway detracts from the appearance of the room, does not ob- struct the light, and overcomes many othtrobjtction ible features of the old stvle disk Usually costmg double the price Fach platform supplied with everj thing necessai v for attaching to wall, and ciated leadyfor shipment. N ) I . Moline Platform. SI2.00 Bag Is not included In above price. Home Apparatus Rag Punching is really ■'-' a fascinating diversion capable of so many com- binations, that it is inter- esting alike to the young boy and the seasoned athlete. When its health- ful advantages are con- sidered it is remarkable that there are not more bags in use, especially where there are boys and girls who would not other- wise take sufficient exer- cise to keep them in good physical condition. The same is true of many business men who really could use a punching bag with benefit and very conveniently, wh ere in many cases sufficient out- door exercise is simply impossible. Spalding^ Adjustable Floor Disk This style is what is gen- erally called a " Floor Disk," because the heavy japanned pipe uprights and the steel guys are attached to the floor, but this one is superior to any similar style now on the market in that it combines with absolute rigidity the ad- justable features so nec- essary in an article that is for home use to make it suitable for various members of the family. Capable of three adjust- ments of two inches each or a total of six inches. No. 82F. Spalding Adiuslable Floor Disk, wilhoul bag or bag Each, $25.00 I? 3^ ^^ Communications A. G. SPALDING & BROS. New York Boston Syracuse Buff ale Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada OR STREET NUMBERS ; ^^ I London, {Edinburgh,! Sydney, 1^ ▼ I England | Scotland | Australia | '_ Chicago St. Louis Cincinnati Kansas City Cleveland Denver Columbus Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Frices in effect July 5, 1909. Subjv HE following index from Spalding's latest Qtalogues will give an idea of the great variety of Athletic Goods manufactured by A. G. Spalding & Bros. Ankle Brace, Skate Ash Bars Athletic Library Attachments, Chest W«ighl Bags, Bathitig Suit Bags, Caddy Bags, Cricket Bagi, Uniform Balls, Base Balls. Basket Ball Cleaner, Goll Balls, Cricket Balls, Golf Balls, Playground Balls, Squash Balls, Tennis Bandages, Elastic Bar Bells Bar Stalls Bars, Parallel Bases, Base Ball Bases, Indoor Basket Ball Wear Bathing Suits Bats, Base Ball Bats, Cricket Bats. Indoor Batting Cage, Base Ball Bladders, Basket Ball Bladders, Foot Ball Bladders. Striking Bags Blades. Fencing Blouses. Umpire Boxing Gloves Caddy Badges Caps, Base Ball Caps, University Caps. Skull Center Forks, Iron Center Straps. Canvas Chest Weights Coats. Base Ball Collars, Swimming Combination Uniforms Corks. Running Cricket Goods Croquet Goods Cross Bars Discus. Olympic Discs, Marking Discs, Rubber GoH Disks, Striking Bag Dumb Bells Emblems Equestrian PoW Exerciser, Home Exhibition Clubs Fencing Sticks Field Hockey Finger Protection Flags, College Flags, Marking Foils, Fencing Foot Balls, A Fool Balls, Rugby \ Foot Ball Goal N \ Foot Ball Timer \\ Foul Flag* 1^ Gloves, Fencing Gloves, Golf Gloves, Handball Gloves. Hockey Glove Softener Goals, Basket Ball Goal Cage, Polo Goals, Foot Ball Goals. Hockey Golf Clubs Golf Counters Gollette Grips. Athletic Grips. Golf Guy Ropes and Pegs Gymnasium. Home Gymnasium Board, Home Hammers, Athletic Handballs Handle Cover, Rubber Hangers for Indian Clubs Hats, University Head Harness Hea(th Pull Hob Nails Hockey Slicks Hole Cutter, Goll Hole Rim, Goll Horizontal Bars Hurdles. Safety Indoor Base Ball Indian Clubs Inflalers. Foot Ball Infiaters. Striking Bag Jackets. Fencing Jackets, Foot Ball Jackets. Swimming Jerseys Knee Protectors Knickerbockers. Foot Ball Lace, Foot Bill Lanes for Sprints Lawn Bowls Leg Guards. Critket Leg Guards, Foot Ball Leg Guards, Hockey Leg Guards, Polo Letters. Embroidered Letters, Woven Lockers, Durand-Steel Mallet. Cricket Markers. Tennis Masks. Base Ball Masks. Fencing Masks. Nose Masseur. Abdominal Mattresses Medicine Balls Megaphones Mitts, Base Ball Mitts. Handball Mitts. Striking Bag Mouthpiece. Foot Ball Needle, Lacing Nets, Tennis Net. Volley Ball Numbers, Competitors Pad, Chamois. Fencing Pads, Foot Ball Paint, Goll Pants, Base Ball Pants, Basket Ball Pants. Boys' Knee Pants. Foot Ball Pants. Hockey Pants. Roller Polo Pants, Running Pistol. Starter's Plastrons. Fencing Plates. Base Ball Shoe Plates. Home Plates. Marking Plates. Pitchers' Box Plates, Teeing Platforms, Striking Bag Poles. Ski Poles, Vaulting Polo. Roller. Goods Protector. Abdomen Protector, Elbow Protector, Polo Protection lor Running Shoes Pucks. Hockey Push Ball Pushers, Chamois Puttees, Goll Quantity Prices Racket Covers Rackets. Lawn Tennis Racket Presses Rackets Restrung Reels lor Tennis Posts Referees' Horns Referees' Whistle Rings, Exercising Rings. Swinging Rowing Machines Scabbards Ibr Skates Score Board, Golf Score Books, Base Ball Score Books, Basket Ball Score Books, Cricket Score Books, GolL Score Books. Tennis Scoring Tablets. Base Ball Seven-Foot Circle Shin Guards, Association Sinn Guards, Rugby ShinGuards, Hockey Shit Shirts, Sleeveless Shoes. Base Ball Shoes, Basket Ball Shoe;, Cricket Shoes, Fencing Shoes. Foot Ball. A Shoes. Foot Ball. Rugby Shoes. Goll Shoes, Gymnasium Shoes. Jumping Shoes. Running Shoes. Skating Shoes, Squash Shoes, Tennis Shot, Indoor Shot, Massage Skate Bags Skates. Hockey Skate Holders Skates, Ice Skates, Racing Skates, Rink, Ice Skate Rollers Skates, Roller Skates, Tubular Skate Straps Skis Sleeve Bands. College Slippers, Bathing Squash Goods Standards. Vaulting Standards. Volley Ball Starters' Pistol Steel Cable Sticks, Polo Stockings Stop Boards Striking Bags Studs. Goll Stumps and Bails Suits. Union, Foot Ball Supporters Supporters, Ankle Stipporters, Wrist Sweaters Swimming Suits Swivel Striking Bags Swords, Fencing Swords, Duelling Tapes, Adhesive Tapes, Marking Tapes. Measuring Tees, Goll Tennis Posts Tether Tennis Tights Toboggans Toboggan Cushions Toboggan Toe Caps Toe Boards Toques Trapeze, Adjustable Trapeze, Single Trousers, Y. M. C. A. Trunks. Bathing Trunks, Velvet Trunks, Worsted Umpire Indicator Uniforms. Base Ball Varnish for Gut Volley Balls Water Polo Ball Wands. Calisthenic Watches. Stop "wb. , Referees standard Policy A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality. To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as well as the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential ; but their real purpose will have been served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his order from the retailer. However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are assured: but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are practically eliminated. This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz. : the cheapening and degrading of the quality of his product. The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that, ten years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding & Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways: FiKST— The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods, and the same fixed prices to everybody Second— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the manufacture of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Quality. All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are required to supply consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices— neither more nor less— the same prices that similar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. Positively, nobody; not even oflicers, managers, salesmen or other employes of A. G. Spalding & Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount from the regular catalogue prices. This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful opei^tion for the past ten years, and will be indefinitely continued. In other words, " The Spalding Policy " is a "square deal " for everybody. A. G. SPALDING & BROS. By ^iJfuz^aC,^ r Standard Quality An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard" is thereby conceded to be the Criterion, to which are compared all other things of a similar nature. For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit of currency, because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, and the fact of its being Genuine is grnaranteed by the Government Stamp thereon. As a protection to the users of this currency against counterfeiting and other tricks, considerable money is expended in maintaining a Secret Service Bureau of Experts. Under the lav/, citizen manufacturers must depend to a great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices to protect themselves against counterfeit products— without the aid of "Government Detectives " or " Public Opinion " to assist them. Consequently the "Consumer's Protection " against misrepresentation and "in- ferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the "Manufacturer." A. G. Spalding & Bros, have, by their rigorous attention to "Quality," for thirty- three years, caused their Trade-Mark to become knovra throughout the world as a Guarantee of Quality as dependable in their field as the U. S. Currency is in its field. The necessity of upholding the guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and main- taining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvious as is the necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency. Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other con- sumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade-Mark and all that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic Goods to assist us in maintaining the Spalding Standard of Excellence, by insisting that our Trade-Mark be plainly stamped on all athletic goods which they buy, because without this precaution our best efforts towards maintaining Standard Quality and preventing fi-audulent substitution will be ineffectual. Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being high-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of "inferior goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration. A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold and a guarantee to protect, must necessarily have higher prices than a manufacturer of cheap goods, whose idea of and basis for a claim for Standard QualRy depends principally upon the eloquence of the salesman. We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than poverty in quality— and we avoid this quicksand by Standard Quality. ^^^x^'^^i-.i^^/^^S^-^ ATHLETIC A separate book covers ev« and is Official and StandaT^ Price 10 cents each GRAND PRIZE ST. LOUIS. 1904 Spalding PARIS. 1900 ATHLETIC GOODS are the standard of the worli A.G.Spalding ® Bros. MAINTAIN WHOLESALE rf RETAIL STORES / CHICAGO ST. LOUIS NEW YORK CHICA PHILADELPHIA ST.Li BOSTON KA BALTIMORE ^ WASHINGTON PITTSBURG BUFFALO SYRACUSE NEW ORLEANS ATLANTA LONDON. ENGLAND ,''___ EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND ^ MINNEAPOLIS SAN FRANCISCO CINCINNATI DENVER DETROIT J CLEVELAND ' SEATTLE m COLUMBUS "^ ST.PAUI MONTREAL. CANAD/ byA.C.Spaldiny & Bro: INEW VORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO CHICOPBB.MASS BROOKLYN BOSTON PHILADELPHIA LONDON, ENO.