D 570 .85 .C2 P5 1921a Copy 1 570 85 " " " \LIFORNIA IN THE WAR 921a <> opy 1 WAR ADDRESSES, PROCLAMATIONS AND PATRIOTIC MESSAGES OF GOVERNOR WILLIAM D. STEPHENS Issued by the WAR HISTORY DEPARTMENT OF THE California Historical Survey Commission ''^■J^\^ Lx"i ■^Ot_A-' t CALIFORNIA IN THE WAR WAR ADDRESSES, PROCLAMATIONS AND PATRIOTIC MESSAGES OF GOVERNOR WILLIAM D. STEPHENS Issued by the WAR HISTORY DEPARTMENT OF THE California Historical Survey Commission 8761 T]5'70 ^ 2- 0^ fTlBRARY OF CONGRESS flCCElVEO r.f»flUMltNT» pivmoN •■■>>^.^. The Honorable William D. Stephens, Governor of California, March 15, 1917. FOREWORD. The War History Department of the California Historical Survey Commission presents herewith a collection of M^ar addresses, proclama- tions and patriotic messages delivered by His Excellency, Governor William D. Stephens, to the people of California during the prosectition of the World War, April 6. 1017, to November 11, 1918, and the period of reconstruction immediately following. The Governor's formal messages bearing upon the war which appear elsewhere in jiublished form, and many others of which no written record is available, have not been included in this compilation. WAR HISTORY DEPARTMENT, Genevieve Ambrose, Secretary. 2— S761 TABLE OF CONTENTS. WAR ADDRESSES. Page Address before Citizens' I'atriotic Mass Meeting, Los Angeles, March 31, 1917_ 11 "America's Entrance into the War." before Citizens' Patriotic Mass Meeting. Auditorium, San Francisco, April 10, 1917 13 Address before the California Federation of Women's Clubs, Pasadena, May 1, 1917 15 Address at the Annual Banquet of the Pasadena Board of Trade, Pasadena, May 1, 1917 IT "The State Council of Defense," before the Commonwealth Club. San Francisco, June IS. 1917 19 Independence Day Address, Sacramento, July 4, 1917 21 "California's Duty in the War," before Los Angeles Chautauqua, July 16, 1917 22 "California's Response to the Nation's Need," before Berkeley Chamber of Commerce, December 19. 1917 24 Lincoln Day Address. Fresno. February 12, 1918 28 Address before the State Convention of the California Federation of Women's Clubs. Oakland. March 26, 1918 29 Address before the Northern California Editorial Association, Woodland, April 27. 191S 32 War Conference Address, Los Angeles, May 13, 1918 33 Independence Day Address. Berkeley, July 4, 1918 35 Address before the Convention of Associated Advertising Clubs of the World. San Francisco. July 7, 1918 38 "Dedication of California's Service Flag." Sacramento. August 16, 191S 39 "Our Departed Heroes." before the (irand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, San Francisco, October 14, 1919 42 Words of Welcome to King Albert and Queen Elizabeth of Belgium, Oakland. October 14, 1919 __-_ 44 "Good Bve" to King Albert and Queen Elizabeth of Belgium, Pa-sadena, Octo- ber 17, 1919 -14 Welcome Home Addi-ess. November 11, 1919 45 Armistice Day Address. I'orterville, November 11, 1920 47 An Act to Create A State Council of Defense. 1917 52 WAR PROCLAMATIONS AND PATRIOTIC MESSAGES. Naming of the State Council of Defense Members, April 4. 1917 55 Resources and Food Supply Conference Proclamation, April l()-28, 1917 55 First Liberty Loan Subscrii)ti()n A])peal, May 14-June 15. 1917 56 Red Cross Sunday Proclamation. May 24, 1917 56 Lndorsement of the State Department of Americanization, May 31, 1917 56 Statement of the Preparation for Registration Day, .Tune 3, 1917 57 Selective Draft Registration Proclamation. June 5. 1917 57 Statement of the Result of the Draft Registration. June 6, 1917 58 Marine Corps Enlistment Week Proclamation, Jime 10-16, 1917 58 Flag Day Proclamation, June 14, 1917 59 Salvation Army Fund Drive Proclamation, August 18-28, 1917 59 Proclamation on Entrainment of the First Contingent of the Army Created Under the Selective Service Act, September 5, 1917 59 Second Liberty Day I'roclamation, October 24, 1917 — 60 Food Pledge Proclamation, October 29, 1917 60 Restricted Delivery Service Proclamation, November 8, 1917 61 Pmdorsement of Boy Scouts, November 30, 1917 61 Thrift Day Proclamation. December 13, 1917 61 Dynamiting of the Executive Mansion. December 17. 1917 62 Message to All Men of California in the Service of the Nation, December 25, 1917 62 Smileage Books Campaign Proclamation, January 28-Februai"j- 3, 1918 62 Table of Contents — Continued. Page 'rag-Your-Sliovel-Day Proclamation, January V>0. 1918 63 Fhip-Yard Volunteer Proclamation, February 5, 1918 63 Letter of Sympathy to a Mother whose Son was Lost in the Sinking of the Steamship Tnscania, February 7, 1918 64 Junior Red Cross Enrollment. Februai-y 10. 1918 65 TUiited States Boys' Working Reserve Proclamation. March 18, 1918 65 Third Liberty Loan Statement. April 5. 1918 65 Win the War Day Proclamation. April 6. 1918 66 Third Liberty Day Proclamation. April 26, 1918 66 Educational Campaign Proclamation, May 5. 1918 67 .^lothers" Day Proclamation. May 12. 1918 67 Appeal to Teachers for Co<>peration in the War Savings Campaign. Mav 10. 191S - - 67 Farm Labor Proclamation. May IS, 1918 68 Italy Dav Proclamation, May 24. 1918 69 Buy Coal Week Proclamation. June 3-8, 1918 69 Flag Day Proclamation. June 14, 1918 70 National War Savings Day Proclamation. June' 28. 1918 70 Loyalty Day Statement. July 4, 1918 71 ludependeuce Day Proclamation. July 4. 1918 71 Fall of the Bastile Anniversary Proclamation. .Tune 14, 1918 72 Student Nurses Reserve Proclamation, July 29. 1918 72 Proclamation for the Purchase of War Savings Stamps on Admission Dav. September 9. 1918 72 Selective Draft Registration Proclamation. September 12, 1918 73 Gas Mask Statement. September 20. 1918 73 Fourth Liberty Loan Proclamation, September 28. 191S 73 Fourth Liberty Day Proclamation, October 12, 1918 74 Buy Another Bond Appeal. October 12. 1918 74 Plans for Reconstruction Outlined to the Director of the State Council of Defense. November 1. 191S '. 74 Armistice Day Proclamation, November 11, 1918 76 United War Work Campaign Proclamation. November 11, 1918 76 Tribute to the Relatives of California's Hero Dead, November 11. 1918 77 lOndorsement of the Work of the Victory Boys and Girls in the United War Work Campaign. November 14, 1918 77 Proclamation for the Use of Home Products on Thanksgiving Day. Novem- ber 22. 1918. 1 ' 77 Thanksgiving Day Proclamation. November 22. 1918 78 \Vorld Relief Week Proclamation, December 1-7, 1918 78 British Day Proclamation, December 7. 1918 79 Red Cross Membership Proclamation. December 9^23, 1918 79 Appreciation of the Services of the Ninety-first Division. December 15, 1918 79 Community Day Proclamation, December 27. 1918 80 Appreciation of the Services of the California Colored Troops. December 28. 1918 80 Armenian-Syrian Relief Day Proclamation, January 12. 1919 81 Enlistment Week Proclamation. January 2.'i-February 1. 1919 81 Statement of the Appointment of the St.'ite Committee on Soldiers' Employment and Readjustment. February 5. 1919 82 League of Nations Day Proclamation. February 17. 1919 82 Special Message to the Legislature regarding the Constitution of State High- ways. April 3. 1919—^ L 83 Employment Sunday Proclamation. IVfay 4, 1919 84 Victory Loan Statement, May 5. 1919 84 Franco-American Children's Fete Day Proclamation, May 24, 1919 85 Memorial Day Proclamation. May 30." 1919 85 Boy Scout Week Proclamation. June 8-14. 1919 86 Flag Day Proclamation. June 14. 1919 86 Rehabilitation Week Proclamation. .Tune 20-27. 1919 86 Service ^Nlen's Educational I'roclamation. July 3. 1919 87 Greetings to the Pacific Fleet on its Entrance into San Francisco Harbor. September 1. 1919 87 Personal Message of Welcome to Returning Service Men. November 11. 1919 88 Service Men's Home Coming Celebration Proclamation. November 11, 1919 88 Greetings to Returned Service Men, November 11. 1919 89 Endorsement of the American Legion, January 24. 1920 89 Armistice Day Proclamation, November 11, 1920 90 3—8761 WAR ADDRESSES ADDRESS BEFORE CITIZENS' PATRIOTIC MASS MEETING. Delivered at Los Angeles, ^larch 31, 1017. We are assembled here tonight to reconsecrate ourselves to the service ')f our country. A grave crisis threatens our peace and happiness. Daily we are being drawn closer to the great maelstrom that engages the nations of the world in cruel conflict. I do not speak to you tonight as an alarmist. There is no occasion for hysteria but it is important that our people shall be awake. We are in perilous times, and we must be alert to the supreme importance of preparing ourselves to meet any eventualities. Patriotic citizens all over this great land join tonight in the prayer that war may be averted, that the dark clouds which obscure the light of peace and goodwill among nations may roll away, and that the grave crisis which exists in the affairs of the nation may yet find honorable and and peaceful solution. But in the nation's prayer for peace there is included the firm and patriotic resolve that if war can not be averted our people shall be fully prepared in spirit and resources to defend our shores and firesides. As I said in my message to the legislature, and now repeat, we love peace and abhor war. God forbid that we should be forced into war. But we are Americans, and as Americans we shall suffer no hostile step upon our soil. Let us hope that this great meeting tonight will kindle fires of patriotism that will spread to every village and hamk^t — to every home — in our beloved state. Wherever the name of Wasliington is honored and wherever the heroic sendee of our forefathers at Valley Forge is remembered — there will be found the same national spirit that made this free country possible. It needs but the bugle call, such as is sounded here tonight, to fire that spirit of patriotism to action and to real service. In this hour of peril our reliance is upon the national government which, we may feel assured, will take all possible precaution to preserve peace while urging forward all preparations for the national defense. But in its work of preparation the national government is entitled to and should receive the unlimited support of, and the fullest cooperation from all the states of the Union. California, because of its exposed position and its long line of seaeoast, is particularly interested in promoting the national defense. In eveiy way possible we should lend our aid and assistance to this work. I believe that in a very practical way the people of this great state can aid the national government in furthering the work of preparation. To those who have given thought to existing conditions it is plaini,-y evident that reliance for the defense of our state must rest primarily upon the people now living here. But successfully to resist invasion by a foreign foe our people must possess not only the patriotic resolve but the physical means as well to defend our soil. Furthermore, they must have training to the end that they shall know how to transmute impulse into effective action. — 12 — The united weight of American loyalty must henceforward be con- centrated on effective governmental action. We must now begin to think with one mind upon the subject of adequate preparation for defense. With this object in view, I submitted to the legislature now in session the recommendation for a State Council of Defense. Within twenty- four hours after its introduction the bill creating the council passed both houses of the legislature without a dissenting vote. I will soon announce the membership of the council whose duty it will be to work out ways and means for placing California in a condition of prepared- ness in all lines so that our people may be in a position to withstand the severe trials which war, if unfortunately it should come, will impose. As set forth in the act, "It shall be the duty of the State Council of Defense at once to take under con- sideration the effects of the occurrence of war upon the people of the State of Cali- fornia : to consider measures for public defense and security, for the protection of routes of communication, for the betterment and protection of public health, for the public care and assistance of individuals and classes upon whom the hardships accasioned by war would fall most heavily, for the fuller development of the resources of the state, particularly those from which are derived the supplies of food and other commodities upon which the conduct of war makes especial drain ; to encourage the military training of the citizens of the state ; to examine into measures to increase the public revenue to meet war demands g.nd to effect the elimination of waste and extravagance ; and to consider measures to be taken to meet the exigencies of all situations occasioned by war."* With such a comprehensive program vested in the State Council of Defense, the legislature, it seems to me, has done its utmost to set in motion the great movement for preparedness in this state. The people must now respond and do their part to preserve California safe and free. We have within our borders all the elements and parts of a great national mechanism. To coordinate these elements and parts and to fire the living mechanism with the inspiring ideals of patriotism is the work to which you women and men here tonight must consecrate your- selves. We need in the great task before us the strength that is born of self- denial. Our country requires our services and we must be swift to respond in whatever fashion ditty calls. In the absence of national legislation providing for universal military training I believe the State of California can do much to give to the citizens of this state certain training in and knowledge of military matters that will be of very great benefit to them in case this nation, and particularly this coast, ever is attacked. In a land in which practically all the citizens physically fit may be called by the national government to instant service, it is neither fair nor just to fail to afford to them in times of peace an opportunity to prepare themselves for the discharge of such service. To expect men to take up arms without affording them every facility within our power to fit them to withstand the rigors of war is to show ourselves cruel and heartless. For the state longer to postpone the opportunity for military training is as unjust to patriotic citizens as it is unfair to the nation. The President's call to the National Guard of California renders it imperative that our men come forward at once so as to fill up the ranks *Por the full text of Governor Stephens' act to create a State Council of Defense see page 52. — is- le full strength. The nation's need is men — men inspired with patri- otism and a willingness to express that patriotism in service to their count r3^ As I have said elsewhere, it is unnecessary to pledge our people to the support of the President — they will accord it instantly. We are one people and we have but one cause — the cause of liberty and freedom. Our forefathers struggled to make it so — we of today must see to it that we are prepared to preserve it. The patriotic fervor that pulsates throughout this great assemblage carries with it the same loyalty and devotion to country that inspired the men of 1776. God grant that the state and the whole nation may be stirred by the same regenerative force which tonight quickens our hearts. As the poet Holmes has said : "One flas. one land, one heart, one hand — one nation evermore." AMERICA'S ENTRANCE INTO THE WAR. Delivered before Citizens' Patriotic Mass Meeting, Auditorinm, San Fi'ancisco, April 10, 1917. We are drawn together tonight to pledge anew our loyalty and to dedicate our lives, if need be, to the protection and the preservation of our country. We are at war. Not a war of conquest. Not a war of hate. It is a war of principle ; the principle of true liberty and free- dom ; the principle for which our forefathers fought ; the principle which we, as their loyal posterity, will tight gloriously to preseiwe. It is a war of the people. No tyrant, no autocratic power has compelled us to arms. Our President and Congress, in declaring the state of war, have spoken with the lawful authority of a hundred million voices. As a people we sought by every honorable means to avoid war. But our efforts have proven unavailing, and we have at last been forced to enter into the fierce conflict that for nearly three years has engaged the nations of the world. Trials teach us what we are, and this war 'wdll prove to all the world what American patriotism means. Now that we are a part of the conflict we shall set about our task with true American energy, unflinching American courage and unbounded American enthusiasm. There will be no temporizing. We shall spare no effort to show to all the world that the American people, responsive to the great world-dtity, mean btisiness. In the parlance of the ring, we shall hit — and hit hard. The flame of liberty may have paled somewhat during our long era of peace, but the light of its glowing embers tonight blazes forth bright and strong all over our land, and as brightly and as strongly in this glorious state as in any commonwealth of the union. Lack of patriotism must be made odious. There can he no laggards in this national crisis. There can be no neutrality where our own country is involved. All must step forward prepared to undertake any sacrifice and to endure any hardship in support of our common fireside. Let every man and woman become an integral factor in the — 14 — great preparedness force that this state shall produce. Men, money and munitions are the three essentials of successful defense — and the first of these is the foremost and pressing need. Men of California, patriotism is the demand of the house ; not merely the patriotism that expresses itself in declarations of allegiance, but patriotism that finds fulfillment in service. The President's call should quickly fill up the ranks of our National Guard with the bravest of our country's sons. The main reason, I believe, why our National Guard was not long ago up to its full strength was because service in the guard involved the obligation upon a guardsman not alone to take up arms against foreign foe, but as well take up arms against his brother in case of industrial dispute. This "strike duty" provision has, to my mind, been a bar to many of the strongest, the bravest, the most patriotic men in our state and nation. The State Council of Defense, composed of persons representative of all of our activities, last week, by unanimous vote, adopted a recom- mendation to the legislature that this obnoxious "strike duty" feature permitted under the law, relative to service in the National Guard, be eliminated. I sincerely trust that our state lawmakers will act upon the recommendation and that they attach an urgency clause to it mak- ing it immediately operative. If such an act comes to my desk I shall sign it instantl.y. Remove this bar and men from all industries will, I feel sure, be swift to assume in the National Guard their responsibil- ■ ities as defenders of the commonwealth. Our people everywhere have one thought and one impulse ; all realize that the defense of the country is not an obligation to be shunned, but a privilege to proclaim and a duty to fulfill. In my recent message to the legislature, I called attention to the fact that under the national law all able-bodied citizens of military age are subject to call by the President for militarj^ service. For the most part that call comes only when immediate, active service is required. Men are taken from their peaceful pursuits without previous training, utterly unprepared to withstand the hardships that warfare imposes. We must correct that condition of affairs as quickly as possible. Universal training must be established. Failure to do so is to expose our patriotic sons and brothers to cruel and needless suffering. Within thirty minutes after the President signed the declaration of war last Friday there was assembled at Sacramento the State Council of Defense. With patriotic fervor the task of placing California in a state of preparedness was at once taken up, and will be prosecuted with utmost diligence. Everything will be done that can be done to prepare us as a people for whatever eventualities ma^^ occur. I feel sure that I can bespeak your cooperation and support in the patriotic labor to which this splendid group of men and women who compose the council have unselfishly committed themselves. But while the work of preparation is going ahead at full speed, let it not be accompanied by unnecessary alarm. Things will continue to move along in orderly procedure. We want enthusiasm but not excitement. We shall go about our work with vigor and determination, yet with a steadfast purpose to demonstrate that we can be temperate, patient and just, even in the midst of strife. — 15 — It is the part of wisdom that we begin at once to husband our resources, both public and private, in order that we may never be over- taken in a condition of want. If we practice due methods of conserva- tion we shall be able to meet every exigency, and successfully encounter whatever demand war ma}' impose. Let all of our people proceed with their vocations as usual, developing our resources wherever pos- sible, producing more of everything, economizing in every way, render- ing loyal support to the national government and to the state govern- ment as well. It is manifestly a time for patience, good will, industry and economy. The highest greatness, the loftiest achievement of man is service to country. The duty of every American today, the opportunity of every American is to serve his country with all his might and main. How long this war will last, how great a drain upon our resources it shall prove, we have no means of knowing. We, as a nation, are looking into a future that is uncertain. But however long, however bitter and exacting, Ave must and we shall \5jin this war, and establish an honorable peace. To that end let our one object be our country, our whole country and nothing but our country. Four centuries ago the dream of a land of liberty inspired a few adventurers to brave the untraversed ocean to establish on a rocky coast a little colony consecrated to the principles of democracy. Their sons, and their sons' sons struggled through a long period to maintain and to extend that principle. Bunker Hill and Yorktown and Valley Forge all tell of the heroic sacrifices made to establish this principle as the foundation of a great nation. More than a hundred years have now rolled by, and in retrospect we can see democracy in America growing brighter and brighter with each succeeding year. Today its bright light is illuminating the battle- scarred fields of Europe, Mndling hope for a freedom and equality hitherto to them unknown. Democracy in America is fulfilling its destiny. It is teaching to all the world the lesson of equality, of true brotherhood; teaching that man is his brother's keeper, striving through social and humanitarian laws to make this world a better and a happier place for all to live in. So we tonight face the future, full of hope that our democracy will endure. With Lincoln, let us have faith that right makes might, and in that faith let us, to this end, dare to do our duty as we under- stand it. ADDRESS BEFORE THE CALIFORNIA FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS. Delivered at Pasadena, May 1, 1917. Madame President and Ladies: We are today facing a situation which calls for the concerted efforts of the women of California. There is need of strong, state-wide organization, such as this wonderful Federa- tion of Women's Clubs. We are engaged in war. The highest efficiency and the united energy of Ainerican citizenship is required. Your clubs are scattered everywhere over the state, all linked together with a common purpose, all cooperating in patriotic endeavor to make 4—8761 — 16 — our people ready for whatever exigencies may arise. With sudi an organized force to aid, our task of placing California on a l)itsiuess-like war basis will proceed with order and dispatch. To the end that we shall be in the best possible condition to withsttuid the strain tliat war must of necessity impose, it is important that waste of food products be reduced to the minimum. We must likewise set about to produce and conserve all kinds of food staples, so as to make our own people secure against want, and at the same time do our part towards feeding the millions who will be called from productive pursuits to assume, in one form or another, the duty of defense. Cooperation in this direction is but one of many practical ways by which the women of California, through their clubs, can bolp in this great crisis. Work in conjunction with tbe Red Cross, work of sanita- tion, home economics and kindred activities — all these furnish avenues for service which will demand the careful supervision and control that comes only through organization. What is needed is action, not ex,citement ; enthusiasm not hysteria. Calmness must be preserved, especially in the home. The usual normal tenor of our domestic life must continue. In this connection, as well, the women, through their clubs, can render potent service. Much has been said of the remarkable part that the women of Europe have taken in the war. In munition factories, in field hospital service, in wireless telegraphy and in scores of similar lines they have taken their place, and have demonstrated what they can do to aid their country. Imbued with the same spirit of patriotism, our own women, I feel sure, will respond Avith equal enthusiasm and courage, to our country's call for service. Extensive plans for coordinating the patriotic efforts of American women during the war are being worked out by the Federal government. The response from the women of California to whatever plans may be evolved will, I know, be prompt and loyal. I have learned from Mrs. Frank Gibson something of the scope of the work already under way by the California Federation of Womens' Clubs. You are preparing to render a great service to your nation and state, and in that preparation there is being shown the intelligence, the practical understanding of the big problems, and, too. the poise and calmness that should characterize all of our activities. The telegram sent me a short time ago by your honored president expressing the loyalty and support of forty thousand or more women, was a great help to me. It is a fine thing for the Governor of the state to feel that he can call upon the women of such an organization as this for encouragement and cooperation. Service in this crisis will not be confined alone to taking up arms in defense of country. There is equally important service to be done right here at home. Production of foodstuffs and the elimination of waste are urgent needs. Potatoes are just as necessary as cartridges. There is no danger of overdoing production. Women can render material help in this direction. It is not easy to imagine our country at war, especially here in Cali- fornia, M^here all is yet peaceful and unchanged ; but the realization will come, aiid we would be derelict in our duty if we did not now bend every effort to prepare our people to endure whatever of hardship and whatever of sacrifice will be required. — 17 — I have favored preparedness for years — I have advoeated it in season and out, in Congress and out, in California and out — preparedness that sliould preserve the young men of the nation — so that if war did come they should then go forth to defend their homes, confident of success — ready in every way to uphold the honor and glory of "Your flag aud my flag ! And, oh, bow much it holds — Your land and my land — Secure within its folds ! Your heart and my heart Beats quicker at the sight ; Sun-kissed and wind-tossed — Red and blue and white. The one flag — the great flag — The flag for me and you. Glorified all else beside — The red and white and blue." ADDRESS AT THE ANNUAL BANQUET OF THE PASADENA BOARD OF TRADE. Delivered at I'asadena, May 1, 1917. It is unnecessary to emphasize to you men of business affairs the seriousness of the problems that press upon us for solution as a result of the world-war of which w^e are now a part. It may be for only a year's duration, but it may be for a much long:er period, and the duties of the hour consist not alone of preparation for war and defense but also for the sacrifices that will have to be made by anticipating and minimizing their effect as much as possible. In order that California may be in the best possible condition to with- stand the strain that this struggle will impose, steps have been taken to organize in every one of the fifty-eight counties a defense board to work in conjunction with the State Council of Defense in whatever manner may be necessary to place the state upon a thoroughgoing business-like basis. It is my earnest desire that these county councils of defense be accorded your whole-hearted and enthusiastic support in the great task which is theirs. The need of the immediate hour is active preparation for supplying food. It is second only to the sterner duty of supplying men. Right now, however, the call is for production and conservation. Every person in the state will feel the effects of the war in one way or another and the best way to prepare to meet our obligations and res^ponsibilities is to begin retrenchment now, not after the resources and opportunities are gone. To aid in the nation-wide campaign for mobilization of food resources, our people should see to it that every acre of land, every vacant city lot, is made to yield its share of the vast food supply that our country, as a part of its duty in the great struggle, must contribute. But in order to carry on the intensive cultivation required, money must be provided to enable the farmer to buy seed and tools and to pay for labor while growing the crop. Here is one place where our cities — 18 — must participate as factors in production. They must enter also into the big- task of supplying men to harvest the crops. City capital and city men are needed in the present food campaign. According to information furnished by our State Council of Defense there are upward of a quarter of a million persons in California engaged in agriculture and allied industries. There are approximately one million in other gainful occupations. Taking the figures for our coun- try as a whole, one person out of every three in gainful occupations is engaged in agriculture ; in our state the ratio is one in five. That means that if we are to go ahead with intensive cultivation we must draw heavily- for our farm labor from our urban population. Twenty thou- sand men, I am informed, are required today in the fields of California. Here, then, is another problem for you men to help solve. We are facing uncertain times and it behooves each one of us to work diligently, but patiently and with the utmost good will towards making our people secure against want. Rising prices will continue unk\ss we can increase the production in all lines to offset the great and ever increasing demands. Effective work is being done in this direction by our State Council of Defense. In scientific research, for instance, work is being carried on that will result in immediate relief to industrial life. Just one of the numerous scientific problems at which the scientists in the labora- tories of our state university are now at work will suffice to illustrate the importance of the service being rendered. Our mines, as you know, are languishing, and in some cases actually closing down because of the lack of cyanide. The citrus industry, which is the backbone of our southern prosperity, also must have cyanide for the fumigation of the groves. Yet this chemical so needed for our activities is becoming scarcer and scarcer and is today practically unob- tainable. Unless this can be supplied our mining and horticultural interests must suffer. The federal government appealed to our State Council of Defense to help devise means for cyanide manufacture in California, and steps in that direction already have been taken to solve the problem, with, I may add, very good prospects of early success. In the matter of military protection the State Council of Defense recommended and the legislature enacted a measure for a State Defense Guard to be called into existence in the event that the National Guard, which now is a part of the federal service, should be called beyond the borders of the state. In that event we would be left without any adequate organized mobile force that might be called upon at any moment to deal swiftly and decisively with enemy plots anywhere within our state, or with disturbances this side our border line. It is my hope, that no necessity will arise for the calling into exist- ence of the whole or any considerable part of this State Defense Guard ; but situations are possilile in which the service of this guard would be of inestimable value. The act creating the guard is elastic in its terms and makes possible the calling into service in emergencies of any number of men, not to exceed one thousand. This force continues only so long as the emer- gency continues, the Governor being given the power to decrease or increase the number of men as he finds the occasion may require. You can rest assured that your present executive will permit of no drain upon the state funds for support of such a force except in case — 19 — of urgent need. In fact, the act authorizing the State Defense Guard may never be needed. But, if conditions should arise that will call for its operation, all of us will be profoundly thankful that our State Council of Defense and our legislature had the wisdom and the fore- sight to s:uard against possible danger. Other activities in the general scheme of defense have to do with tlic construction of coast highways, with transportation, with the mobiliza- tion of our manufacturing interests. In all these lines the work is being prosecuted with vigor, intelligence and patriotic earnestness. Already much has been accomplished of vital importance to the indus- trial and economic life of the state. With your aid and cooperation — Vv'ith all of our people working shoulder to shoulder California will do her part for our country in the great task she has assumed for the cause of civilization. THE STATE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE. Delivered before Coiniiiuiiwealth Club. Sau Fraiieiseo, June 18. 1917. In an economical sense, in a political sense and in a moral sense our country is now engaged in the greatest world responsibility that it has ever assumed. To bring the war to a successful conclusion, to win final victory in the age-long struggle of democracy transcends every other human interest. To that great task, we, as a people, must address ourselves with determination and courage yet with patience and absence of rancor. To win this war we must have all of our people working shoulder to shoulder in whatever line of service duty may call. Cooperation must be our national slogan. Every man must be prepared to do his part. Our very existence as a nation demands that there shall be an unanimous uprising of all the forces of democracy in opposition to autocracy. Eight now our task is to perfect a machinery, nation-wide in scope, to bring about this cooperation which is so vital. For that purpose at the very commencement of the war the President appointed a Council of National Defense. To cooperate with that body there has been organ- ized in this, and most of the other states, a State Council of Defense. Still further to extend the preparedness machinery there has been created, in each of the fifty-eight counties of this state, cfmnty councils of defense to cooperate with the State Council of Defense in all present and future plans growing out of the war crisis. These local defense boards are formed from among the elective county officials so that in the final analysis the national war machinery rests upon the individual citizen. It is essentially democratic, no autocrat directs its operation. The people themselves supply the motive power for our country's participation in democracy's great struggle. Much already has been accomplished by the Council of Defense, and its real value and worth will be emphasized as we become more and more involved in war's activities. Such an organization, prudently and intelligently conducted, affords the best possible guarantee against the blunders which may naturally be expected to befall a nation. — 20 — suddenl}^ and without due prej)aration drawn into the maelstrom of a world war. Lloyd George, England's great statesman and leader, sounded this suggestion, "Study our blunders so as to begin where we now are, not ivhere we ivere three years ago." That is precisely what this nation proposes to do — is doing. Experience is a great teacher. Hind- sight is better than fore-sight. In this case we have the benefit of hind-sight. We can see where the other nations at war fell into pitfalls and we can avoid those pitfalls. We shall profit by their experience. One of the first lessons that we nuist learn thoroughly is the urgency of harmonious action. Promoters of discord must be silenced. The great duty of the hour — the great duty of the war — is to "stand by the President." There can be no true patriotism that is not founded upon loyalty to the commander-in-chief of our army and navy. This, of course, does not mean a ban on fair and constructive criticism. What I would include and condemn is that sort of criticism that is merely obstructive in character — inspired either by treason, propagandists, or petty political charlatans. Patriotism knows no politics and abhors partisanship. The Presi- dent is not the president of any particular party; he is our President — the President of the American people. It is up to the people, therefoi'e, to stand squarely behind him in the trying situations with which he is bound to be confronted. Let President Wilson feel that the people are back of him — whole- heartedly and enthusiastically back of him. The seriousness of the war situation is only beginning to dawn upon many of our people. They have followed the movement, step by step — the convening of congress in extraordinary session, the declaration of war, the enactment of a nation-wide conscription act, the vast outlays for war equipment, the gigantic liberty loan, the registration of eligibility for the great army about to be formed. But not until General Per.shing appeared upon Europe's blood-stained battlefields have we awakened to the realization that we are actually, not theoretically, a part of the great international conflict. The seriousness of it all will be driven home still further when the young manliood of our land begin to form in solid phalanx and take their place on European soil under the Stars and Stripes. But, if some of our people have been slow to grasp the seriousness of the situation created by war, our National and State Defense Councils liave been alert, working diligently and scientifically to per- fect the machinery with which to carry on the various activities that war conditions make necessary. One of the big problems is, of course, that of food supply. The food gambler is abroad in the land and his activities have to be closely watched. Production is being increased and there will be no food shortage, provided the Council of Defense is successful in curbing those who would make commerce out of the sustenance of the people. Another problem commanding the attention of those in authority is the safeguarding of labor standards. The humanitarian legislation and standards set for labor through many years of legislative effort must not 1)e lowered as a consequence of the war. Under the plea of — 21 — ''military necessity" there are forces at work in our country to modify our splendid laws' regulating child labor, laws limiting working hours, laws providing for safety and sanitation. These insidious attempts must be stoutly resisted. There is no military necessity that will justify in the slightest degree any modification of the laws for the protection of the working man and working woman of our country. In brief, the lesson which we must get thoroughly imbedded in our minds, is that the best way to prosecute this war to a successful conclusion is to keep things as near to normal as possible. There is no occasion for "shifting gears." Our flag is more than ever a world-emblem. As it goes overseas to join the standards of the allied nations, it will carry with it the hopes and aspirations, the faith and determination of 100,000,000 people. The American spirit will follow the flag. There may be those, even in this great crisis, who place sordid gain above their country's welfare, and care for national success only as it reflects individual profit ; but the mass conscience of our country is at last aroused, and with that conscience quickened by the sense of the nation's need, we shall go forward to victory. INDEPENDENCE DAY ADDRESS. Delixered at >Sacrameuto, July 4, 1917. For the past three months the Stars and Stripes have been flung to the breeze from homes throughout our land to attest the patriotic fervor of a nation at war. It is especially significant, therefore, that we assemble on this memorable Fourth of July to reconsecrate ourselves to our country's cause, and to kindle anew the fires of American patriotism. Emblazoned with the names of "Bunker Hill" and "Brandy wine", of "Santiago" and "Manila Bay"; flying in triumph at Yorktown when the weary troops of Cornwallis marched forth to surrender, proudly gleaming at Fort McHenry and inspiring the immortal words of Francis Scott Key, planted by Fremont upon these Pacific slopes, sending forth a message of peace and reunion at Appomattox, and today with Pershing in Europe — this flag, this symbol of our sover- eignty, contains within its folds the proud history of a nation for more than a century. If this flag stands for anything it stands for democracy, for right as against wrong and for opposition to hereditary privileges. To uphold it and to maintain the sacred principles which it symbolizes, men have fought and died. Its mission among the nations of the world is a glorious one. and so long as we as a people act with truth and right- eousness, and with courage to maintain the truth, no American need ever be ashamed of the just pride which he feels when he beholds the glorious Stars and Stripes high among the banners of the nations. Fourth of July is an appropriate occasion, it seems to me, to analyze our actions and our attitude as a people, and to ascertain if, after all, we are exemplifying the spirit of true patriotism. Real patriotism must be founded upon loyalty. And if I were asked to translate into a few words our most important patriotic duty at this present critical moment, it would be: "Stand by the President!" — 22 — Real patriotism knows no partisanship. It does not seek to dis- courage enlistment. It does not discredit conscription. It does not cast a sneer upon the liberty loan. Nor does it endeavor to harass the President and discredit our government in this great crisis. We should determine this day to set our faces like flint against those forces which, by insidious and subtle means, are endeavoring to create distrust in the government at Washington and to weaken con- fidence in our President. Let us proclaim and let us show to all the world that we are a nation of patriots, and that every star in our flag represents a commonwealth united in the cause of liberty and democracy and pledged to the support of justice and integrity throughout the world. Woven into the warp and woof of our country's flag was the wisdom of Washington and Jefl^erson, of Franklin and of Hamilton. In its defense and for its perpetuation Madison and Jackson, Webster and Clay, Lincoln and Grant and McKinley gave of their strength and talents, their energy and their patriotism to make it the glorious emblem that it is. If today we study the meaning of our flag, we shall come to a fuller realization of its wonderful significance and to an appreciation of the blessings and liberties through the sacrifices and devotion of those who were willing to sacrifice their all that the flag of our country might remain unsullied and intact. CALIFORNIA'S DUTY IN THE WAR. Adclre.ss before Los Angeles Chautauqua, July 16. 1917. Epochs such as the present world-conflict breed their own heroes, call forth the highest principles of patriotism and command the best that loyal men and w^omen can bestow in service to country. We have just had the reality of the war brought a bit closer home by the visit of the Belgian mission. The story of her desolated homes, her ruined fields and her profaned altars was visualized before us, and we all experienced a thrill as this visit recalled to us the heroic stand of the Belgian soldiers at Liege. Of that war, we are now a part, and within a very short time our own sons and brothers will be on the field of battle, to help in preserv- ing throughout the world the enduring principle of liberty and freedom. How long the struggle will continue we have no present means of knowing; but we have before us the noble example of Belgian patriot- ism and Belgian fortitude, and that example will, I am sure, prove an inspiration to all of us. California's part in the conflict promises to be a bright and illus- trious one. Already we have contributed liberally not only in wealth and energy, but in leadership as well. California's response to the national liberty loan was prompt and emphatic. And when the appeal came for the Red Cross fund, Cali- fornia again proved her loyalty and patriotism in a most substantial manner. - 23 — California is one of the few states, I may add, which has furnished her full quota of enlisted men. It was a Californian who, as secretary of the American Legation at Brussels, labored heroically and tirelessly to save from starvation the homeless women and children of stricken Belgium. For months this Californian was the only means of communication between the Belgian people and their sovereign, King Albert. I refer to our own townsman Mr. Hugh Gibson. It is a Californian who has been made food controller for the United States. His marvelous work in mobilizing the food supplies for Belgium already has made him a world figure, and every loyal Californian feels a just sense of pride whenever the name of Herbert C. Hoover is mentioned. Another Californian to assume an important post in the country's war councils is William Denman of San Francisco. Of the "big three" civilian aides to President Wilson, two are from California — Hoover, who has control of foods, and Denman, who is in charge of the ship-building activities of the country. The third mem- ber is from New York — Mr. Baruch in charge of the nation's purchasing. Associated with Mr. Hoover in the herculean task of mobilizing the food resources of this country are men of the type of Dr. Scherer, President of Throop University, and Dr. Wilbur, President of Stan- ford University. Both are at the head of important departments ren- dering voluntary and patriotic service of a high order. No other state has done more than has California in the way of cooperation with the national government. Within a half hour after President Wilson promulgated his memor- able war message, there was assembled at our State Capitol upon call of your Governor, thirty-three of the foremost men and w^omen of the state. A State Council of Defense was organized, and at once was begun the work of preparing California for war. State Councils of Defense have now been organized in practically every state in the union, and California's plan of organization has been the model for most of them. The Women's Committee of the State Council of Defense is also rendering unique and patriotic service. Under the auspices of this committee a comprehensive educational campaign in connection with food conservation has been launched. In no other state is this phase of Mr. Hoover's food problem being more effectively and intelligently handled. Within a very few days the draft for the army will be made, and upward of thirty-five thousand of the flower of California's young manhood will have been called into active service. These men will reflect credit upon the state. Whatever service they may be called upon to render will be performed with loyalty and with genuine courage. Their names will represent an honor roll to which California will point with .justifiable pride. Now as to the future. To win this war, it is essential that we have "team work" all along the line. The nation is doing "team work" with the allies; California must do "team work" with the nation; and our men and women must do "team work" with the state. 5— S761 — 24 — The more perfect the cooperation all along the line, the better "team work" we have, the shorter will be the duration of the war, and the quicker will we see victory emblazoned upon our national banners. "Team work" does not mean that we shan't criticise, but it does mean that we shan't merely criticise. Healthy criticism — criticism that is constructive in purpose — is to be invited. But mere fault-finding is mighty small business in times like these, and ought to be restrained. It is easy to make mistakes. European nations have been at war for three years and they are still making mistakes. We cannot hope to succeed in this war without having made some mistakes. I want California to be loyal to our President. His responsibility is great and he should command the earnest, whole-hearted and loyal support of every true American. Former President Roosevelt, in his Fourth of July address, pleaded for an undivided allegiance and a single standard of patriotism. That sentiment will find emphatic endorsement in California. Our people know but one allegiance — that is, io the United States. California will fulfill her part in the war by being loyal and patient and ready to do her bit. Whatever of hardship and sacrifice War may impose we shall meet with strong hearts. Come what will, the fires of American patriotism will be found burning just as brightly here on the Pacific coast as upon the Atlantic. CALIFORNIA'S RESPONSE TO THE NATION'S NEED. Address Delivered before Berkeley Chamber of Commerce, December 19, 1917. The year now drawing to a close has been a memorable one. Our people have been put to a most severe test, and as we cast our eyes back over the record of the past few months we can say with justifiable pride that our people have not been found wanting. Here in California we have responded to the national emergency with fullest loyalty and with a promptness and an effectiveness that is excelled by no state. The heavy drain upon our resources — both of men and food supplies^ — we have met in every particular. In no single instance have we failed. That we have been able thus to measure up to the needs of the hour with a minimum of lost motion and with the least possible friction is due, I believe, to the excellence of our govern- mental maehiner}^ and to the splendid laws under which we have been operating during the past few years. As a state we were prepared. When the crisis came our various state departments, efficiently and loyally manned, were able to handle the new situations arising by reason of the war, with thoroughness and dispatch. It has not been a mere accident, for instance, that our indus- tries in California have not been harrassed to the same extent as have industries in other states where the acts of alien enemies and their I. W. W. conspirators have impeded progress. The reason that we have felt so slightly the fo]:-ces that have sought to obstruct, is due to the vigilance of certain of our state departments. Some day the history will be written of the splendid services that have been rendered to the state — 25 — and to the nation l)y the men and women who constitute our state gov- ernmental departments, and our state and eounty eonncils of defense, and it will be a record of which you men here will be proud. Unfortunately there are those who would take advantage of war condi- tions to lower standards of labor, remove the protecting influence of laws for women and children and wipe off the statute books those laws which, during the past six or seven years, have been enacted to safeguard the lives of our people and to insure humane treatment for those who toil. One of the most conspicuous results of the war has been the complete vindication of these laws. They have been our salvation in a most tr\'ing ordeal and I would warn those who may seek the abrogation of such laws that such attempts will find little favor with the great mass of our people. Not less protection but more protection for our people ; not less humanitarianism but more humanitarianism must be our constant aim. The greater the contentment of our people, the greater will be their patriotism and the greater will be their readiness to sacrifice in their nation's struggle. I want to say to you men of Inisiness that the advanced governmental agencies and the forward-looking laws that we have developed in this state have accomplished more in California for the protection of life and property, for the security of industries, and in nuiintaining peace and order than could thousands of troops. Few states are as fortunate as California in preparedness along many certain lines to meet the severe tests to which the war will of necessity subject us. The work that our state university is doing in scientific investigation, in the promotion of increased crops and in dealing with various phases of the industrial problems is a service of greatest value. Our State Board of Health has given a most active cooperation with tlio army authorities in developing the best sanitary conditions and in protecting the men in the several army camps located within our state. A signal work has been done in combatting the diseases that have been the affliction of men gathered in army camps. Our Immigration and Hous- ing Commission, our Industrial Welfare Commission, our Labor Com- missioner — in fact, all departments of state are cooperating actively, patriotically, and with highest efficiency, to the great task of placing our state upon a sound war liasis. I wish particularly tonight to call your attention to what our State Railroad Commission is doing. The transportation problem has l)ecome acute both nationally and in this state. In its emergency our Railroad Commission has taken vigorous action and already is well on its way toward a solution of the difficulties. The commission, for instance, has instituted an investigation into fhe service facilities of all the electric companies of the state with a view to ascertaining definitely the possibility of coordinating the service of energy by all the companies so as to make the fullest possible use of existing hydroelectric developments and if possible to expedite the development of further hydroelectric possibilities. This investigation is designed primarily to conserve the use of fuel oil, substituting wherever po.ssible hydroelectric for steam power, and to bring about through ''oordination among the companies greater efficiencies and economies — 26 — so as better to meet the strain of the war conditions and the demands for service. The commission also is making a careful investigation of the gas service throughout the whole state with a view to bringing about a greater production of toluol, an explosive for the use of the government in the war. Also, the commission has instituted an investigation into all of the steam, electric and water transportation companies of the state witli a view to ascertaining the facts as to the present condition of transporta- tion in California and the causes of any inefficiencies or inadequacies of service, and, having ascertained the facts, promptly to use every power at the command of the commission to remedy any bad conditions dis- covered. This investigation will go thoroughly into such questions as ear shortage, congestion of freight, possibilities of diverting freight from a congested carrier to one not working to capacity, and, if possible, the joint use of facilities for the purpose of efficiency and economy. In addition to these formal proceedings carried on l)y the commission, the various departments of the commission, especially the engineering department, are assisting the various branches of the War Department along certain lines. The commission has made an order authorizing all water utilities, without prejudicing their rights, to deliver water free or at reduced rates for the irrigation of additional lands to increase the production of food supplies during the war. Now there is another subject that we must keep eternally hammering on, even in California. That is war profiteering. The men who seek to take advantage of present strained conditions to make excessive profits and to fatten their private purses while our heroic sons and brothers are sacrificing home and fortune to fight for our country ought to be classed as enemies of the republic. The act to extort exorbitant prices is just as treasonable, just as detestable as the acts of Benedict Arnold. This is no time or place for men to think of getting enormously ricli, while the great mass of the people are giving ungrudgingly of their time and substance to save the nation. Patriotism does not mean that some shall assume all the burdens, while a few shall grow opulent by reason of the conditions brought about by the war. We must make it decidedly unpopular for any set of men to attempt to pile up unjust profits in this hour of the nation's peril. Personally I hope to see Congress give the President authority to fix the prices not alone upon food, but upon every article necessary to the public welfare. Until this is done, however, it is up to our business men to see to it that profiteering in time of war is made dishonorable and contemptible. Both in the matter of federal food administration and federal fuel administration, California citizenship has been responsive in a fashion we must regard with pride and utmost satisfaction. Our people have shown an intelligent understanding of the governmental needs and a zeal to serve the country, unsurpassed anywhere. I wish you men might see the veritable flood of letters that pour in upon the Governor's desk, in which citizens offer their services and ask the opportunity to help in the conflict. There could be no more con- vincing evidence of unselfish and patriotic devotion. — 27 — One other matter I would like to touch upon — tliat is the incessant appeals that come to the Governor's office for troops. Warehouses, i^as plants, canneries and factories have been reported as being in urgent need of protection. Easily the California quota to the national ann>- wonld have been exhausted if half the demands had been gTanted. The responsibility in these matters must rest more and more with your local authorities. Uncle Sam has need of all his soldiers, and all our soldier boys are in Uncle Sam's service. We must, therefore, look for protec- tion more than ever before to our sheriffs, and deputy sheriffs, our chiefs of police and police force, our constablCvS and deputy constables and our marshals. They represent a splendid force in this state, capable, I feel confident, of meeting with resolution any situation or crisis that may arise. I am convinced that there is no more loyal citizenship in the entire country than in our own state. The political advance during recent years has been an excellent preparation for the crisis that we now are passing through. In such a government as ours, where the people's will is the ruling power, there goes with citizenship certain responsi- bilities which at this time are undergoing a supreme test. I re.joice to say that in California democracy is completely vindicated. Our citizens have shown an intelligent understanding of the governmental needs and a zeal to serve the country, unsurpassed in the history of the world. Our state government has broken away from reactionism and set its face forward toward the light of democracy. We must go for- ward wdth all our power and all our resolution in the present war. At the same time we must go forward in this state wath the principles of government that are now being demonstrated as the principles that make a people strong in the hour of peril. So far as in my power lies, and so far as I may have the opportunity, the development of these principles of government and the forward- looking spirit for the welfare, not of this element or of that element of people but of all the people constituting our body politic, shall be carried on. And now- in closing, I desire to emphasize the extreme need of the hour — loyalty to the flag, to America, by every man, woman and child in this land of ours. No half-hearted, on-the-fence loyalty will be approved. No living here and serving Germany, even in small degree, will be tolerated. A man must be either on our side of the fence or the other. If he is in America and on the other side, he is helping Germany, and is therefore a traitor to America and should be put out of America. This is not the time to criticize, for criticism helps Germany. This is the time to stand behind the President, regardless of party or poli- tics, and help win the war. I want you, everyone, to help your Gover- nor keep California where she belongs — in the very front line of battle, there to fight until peace, American plan peace, humanitarian peace, lasting peace, is accomplished. I want you to "Help keep the glow in Old Glory As clear as it was at her birth. When she flung the message of Freedom To the king-ridden peoples of Earth." — 28 — LINCOLN DAY ADDRESS. Deliverod at Fresuo. February 12, 1918. At this hour, when onr country is at war, it seems peculiarly appro- priate to contemplate the life of Lincoln, whose memory the American people on this day love to honor and revere, and to draw from that life new inspiration and new courage for the struggle in wiiich we now are engaged. What endeared Lincoln to the American people was his devotion to the ideals of democracy. No one abhorred war more than he, yet no one fought more determinedly, or with more courage than he. Always before him was the eternal principle of human justice, always the thought of preserving our free institutions, always the aspirations of a government for, by and of the people. And to preserve this nation free and safe for democracy he did not falter in the conduct of the war that he knew had to be fought, and fought to a conclusion before lasting peace could be established. His last inaugural address written but a few short months before his untimely death, reveals the mental anguish that was behind those sad- dened eyes of his; yet it tells, too, of the stern determination to carry on the conflict until as he expressed it, "all the wealth piled up by the bondsman's two hundred fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk. ' ' ' ' With malice toward none, ' ' wrote President Lincoln, ' ' with charity for all, with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive to finish the work we are in." How appropriate are those words, applied now to our present strug-- gle! How great an inspiration they afford to nations weary with the clash of battle, but firmly resolved to carry on the war until autocracy has been crushed and the world made free for democracy ! With the immortal Lincoln we pray that "this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away," but with Lincoln we assert that we shall fight on until we have achieved "a great and lasting peace." In Lincoln's mind humanitarianism was the fundamental issue, and so. he declared the leading object of the war to be "to elevate the con- dition of men, to lift artificial weights from all shoulders, to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all and to afford all an unfettered start, and a fair chance in the race of life." And because of the human wel- fare element involved he referred to the war as ' ' the people 's contest. ' ' Just as truly is today's war "the people's contest." In a sense it is labor's war, and, if victory is to crown our united efforts, labor must do its full share. In a circular recently issued from the department of labor at Wash- ington, two interesting facts were set forth which emphasize the responsibility of the workingmen and workingwomen of the nation in this conflict. One of these was that seventy per cent of all the huge expenditures to be made to supply the men at the front goes to labor. The other was that it requires the combined effort of five workers to back up each man who fights. In this hour of the nation's grave need, labor all over the country has pledged the strength of its arm and the force of its spirit to the great task upon which the government is now engaged. — 29 — As President Wilson has well expressed it, "the battle line of democ- racy for America stretches from the fields of Flanders to every house and workshop where toiling, upward-striving- men and women are counting the treasures of right and justice and liberty." To the eternal honor of American labor, our workingmen and work- ingwomen have rallied wholeheartedly and enthusiastically to the Tiation's cause. They have caught the vision of a liberated world and with stout hearts and unwavering resolution they have given solemn pledge to do their part in the war which is to make the whole world freer, safer and happier for all mankind. All over our land the clang of hannner is keeping time with the clash of the sword over there where our brave sons are fighting democracy's great battle, and as the clash of the sword intensifies with America's growing forces, so must the clang of hammer increase to meet and satisfy the requirements of our soldier and sailor boys. America must be in a real sense a community at work. All our people must be on the job — the big job of helping to win the war. ADDRESS BEFORE THE STATE CONVENTION OF THE CALI- FORNIA FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS. Delivered at Oakland, March 26, 1918. Madame President : I am particularly pleased and greatly honored with your invitation to address this splendid gathering of delegates to the annual meeting of your Federation of AVomen's Clubs. I welcome this opportunity of speaking, though for only a short while, along patriotic lines. Organized patriotism is the call that is being sounded today to men and to women all over our land. In order that we may as quickly as possible bring to bear in this colossal struggle the full force of the nation's strength, it is necessary that man-power and woman-power alike be developed to its greatest efficiency. Individual action is good, but for real results we must have organized action, organized patriotism. We are facing an uncertain future, and stern and grim duty lies ahead. The sooner we are able to throw our full strength into the conflict, the sooner may we look for the dawn of a lasting peace. We are a peace loving people, forced into war. Autocracy was about to place its heel upon us. Our liberties were in danger, our individual and collective honor was assailed, the very integrity of the nation was in jeopardy. We fight to preserve America's self respect, the privileges of Ameri- can citizenship, the honor of American womanhood and American manhood. We fight for the old and the young. AVe fight that men everywhere shall be free — that autocracy shall cease to rale. And we will fight until we have won a complete and crushing victory over Germany — a victory that may mean a permanent peace — at least such peace as will insure security and safety for all those things we hold so dear. — 30 — The women of California have already achieved much, and I say in all sincerity that our biggest debt for war work so far accomplished in California is due to the women. You have done big things ; you have verved loyally ; and you have established a standard of patriotic service that never will be forgotten. The really great tasks are yet to come, but I know you will stand ready with unflinching courage to meet and to endure whatever sacri- fice may be required. The women are the food experts of the country, and upon you will fall the big task of food conservation. You determine whether the homes of California shall waste or conserve. It is going to be a herculean task to make the food raised by America, serve our soldiers, our sailors, our people and our allies. We cannot cver-emphasize this. Occasionally we find persons who fail to appreciate the value of meat- less and wheatless days, because the individual saving seems so small. Such persons must be shown the result of collective action. I have in mind the experience of one restaurant, that in eight meatless days saved 864: pounds of beef, mutton, ham and bacon. In four wheatless days 200 pounds of wheat flour were saved. Multiply the saving effected by that one restaurant by the tens of thousands of restaurants scattered over the United States, and it is easy tc demonstrate the tremendous significance of small economies. In dealing with the necessity of organization, it is important to avoid the formation of new and unnecessary societies where the work can be handled as well or better through existing agencies. We can't get anywhere by scattering our effort. Concentration is the need of the hour. Your problem, therefore, is not so much to devise new machiner}" for carrying on woman's war work, but to perfect existing machinery to the end that you may direct the energies of our patriotic women upon the work which the exigencies of the war will from time to time demand. Another problem that is going to call for your earnest attention is the care of women in industry. Just a few days ago we were told by a repre- sentative of the British labor committee of the astounding number of women now engaged in the various industries in England. In like fashion women are gradually taking their places in industry in this country. This movement will bring with it new and important prob- lems — problems that have to do with the preservation of both the physical and moral standards surrounding women who work. Fortu- nately in California, in the past few years, our people have built up standards which render California peculiarly prepared to meet these new conditions. Efforts may be made to break down these standards during this period of stress, and it is up to you to see to it that any such effort is strongly and firmly resisted. There are problems, also, in connection with the training of women for war-demanded occupations, and in helping them to find the service for which they are best adapted. Another phase of war work that calls for your earnest attention is the protection of children. Our child-labor laws must be guarded, and we nui^'t maintain the keenest watch against infractions of those laws. — 31 - Still another activity that will require wholehearted cooperation is the preservation of the moral standards. Here, a^'ain, ('alifornia, hy reason of its red-light abatement act and similar anti-vice statutes, is peculiarly ecpiipped to cope with the situation. We must not permit the tiner moralities to bo weakened because of the unusual conditions war tends to foster. We must have a clear vision of the future liome life of our younger generation — the generation upon which is falling the brunt of the present struggle. To you women belongs the holding of that generation to its high ideals and keeping alive the moral and spiritual fervor through all the vicissitudes of war. Red Cross work, liberty loan work, food conservation and other home service work, war library work, knitting for our soldiers in the trenches — these are all services that will continue to engage woman's attention — and witli ever increasing importance — during the period of the war. Finally, and 1 may almost say most important, is the Americanization work — the task of bringing to every nonunderstanding American and alien family a thorough knowledge of why our country is at war; an understanding of the democrac}' of the draft ; an understanding of the laiportance of their cooperation in the food conservation program. President Hutehins, of the University of Michigan, in his splendid address at Berkeley, said : "The Amei'icauism that the war is developiug calls for a new, definite and com- prehensive conception of citizenship, particnlarly as applied to the naturalized alien, a conception so definite and comprehensive that it precludes forever the notion of dual allegiance. Let us insist upon changes as will banish for all time this illogical and vicious doctrine. The new Americanism of which I sjieak has to do also with a revised conception on th,e part of all of us, whether uatixc or ftu-cign liorn. of the real significance of citizonshiii." i\Iany of our alien families are at best but imperfectly acquainted either with our language, our institutions, our jirinciples of government, cr our reasons for being at w^ar. It is not to be wondered at if the sly tongue of treason finds among them many attentive ears. Think what a menace it might prove if any considerable number of those alien families should have their minds permanently poisoned against our government by sowers of discord and treason. Here then is one of the gravest problems that you Avill have to deal with. Thanks to our State Immigration and Housing Commission, Cali- fornia already has made a good start in connection with the Amerieani- tiation program, and we may safely look for big things from that body. But the program, however it may evolve, will call for the fullest cooperation of the women everywhere over this state. No greater duty can rest upon you than to assist in fostering among our alien brothers and sisters a spirit of patriotism, of sympathetic relations with the principles of American government, and of loyal service to our flag. jMay I urge that you carry back to your counties, the message of loyalty — the message that if we are to win this war we must set aside personal likes and dislikes and all work together in organized patri- otism — and with but one thought, one purpose — the winning of the war. 6— S761 32 ADDRESS BEFORE THE NORTHERN CALIFORNIA EDITORIAL ASSOCIATION. Delivered :it Woodland. April 27, 191S. There is no element of the nation's strength at this moment more inspiring than the loyal, patriotic press, and I welcome this opportunity of expressing to you editors, on l)ehalf of the people of our state, the gratitude we all feel for the splendid spirit of cooperation that the newspapers of California have given the nation in this hour of its great trial. It is time for loyal Americans to forget everything but our one big task of winning the war ; to forget our rivalries and our bickerings, our animosities and our selfish interests ; to remember that we are one hundred per cent Araerican.s — all working together in common destiny of liberty and freedom. What we need in America — what we must depend upon you editors to develop — is a revival of Americanization ; an interpretation to all who enjoy the protection of our glorious flag, of the true meaning of American ideals, American traditions, American standards and Ameri- can institutions. What we need if we are to endure as a nation is the acquirement of a common language for all of our people. That, to my mind, is the fundamental principle of a real Americanization program. We need the promotion of a universal desire among persons of foreign birth to preserve and maintain the privileges that are enjoyed under the American flag. We need an aroused American patriotism -that will combat anti- American propaganda activities and schemes, and tliat will stamp out sedition wherever found. We need intelligent public opinion that will remove racial pre- judices and discriminations, and that will at the same time discourage foreign associations that tend to keep people in America apart. These are things that must be accomplished if we are to be successful in our efforts towards Americanization, towards the creation of a universal desire on the part of all people of America to become citizens under the American flag. The greatest agency in this all important work of Americanization i i the American press. It is to you men — you editors — to whom the government must look to do the big part of this particular job. According to the official figures as set forth in the report of Provost Marshal Crowder, California is seventh in the list of states from the standpoint of alien registration. Only the six states of New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Illinois, New Jersey and Ohio exceed the total of our foreign-born population. Our prol)lem of Americanization, therefore, takes on a serious aspect. Down at Camp Kearny, I am told, there are more than two hundred soldiers who can not speak tlie language of the country for which they ar-,^ fighting. It is hio'h tune that we were doing something in a concrete way to remedy this situation. The time is past when we can longer ignore the disastrous consequences inevitably associated with national policy that tak-^s no account of the training and education of its foreign born. — 33 — To the credit of the press of California it can he said that practically without exception our newspapers liave given the government at Washington wholehearted and enthusiastic support. For purposes of the war state lines are wiped out and ]>ai'ty lines are wiped out. We recognize hut one authority and thai is our coinnuinder-in-chief, the President. 1 am proud of the sound patriotism whicli the editors of California have manifested. Your attitude is an inspiration to all our people for more earnest effort and greater sacritice in hehalf of the great struggle in which our country is engaged. Upon the press of California must we rely for eternal vigilance in connection with sedition promotion and that cowardly and disloyal element known as the I. W. W. In the sti-ess of the times we must prepare to deal with it tirmly and effectively. I appeal to you editors for determined 'effort to stamp out this element that seeks to destroy, intimidate and create disorder. This vicious element is composed of disloyal enemies of the government, who hoastfully threaten to hinder and defeat our war work. Defiant of the law, criminal in its purpose, it must be crushed wherever it appears. Upon the press of California must we rely, as well, for determined opposition to those who would capitalize the hunger or cold of the people and declare dividends thereon. Those who engage in war profiteering while our sons are giving up their lives in the trenches, deserve merciless condemnation. Upon the press do we rely for leadershij) in the campaign for increased crop production, for "putting over" the liberty loan, for increasing support of our Ked Cross, and every other form of patriotic endeavor. Yours is a spl(>ndid work, splendidly done, and I desire again to thank you one and all in behalf of the state. We have drawn the sword in defense of lil)erty and justice and we shall not sheath it until right has triumphed and victory is complete. All of us nuist do our full share. Patriotism, whether on the line of battle or here at home, must be the patriotism of Washington and the patriotism of Lincoln. Let us carry away from this gathering a spirit of patriotic fervoi- that will rekindle in every county in tlie state the spirit of 1776. WAR CONFERENCE ADDRESS. I)t'liv<>rod at Los Anseles. May 1.3, 191S. Everywhere over our country gatherings such as this are being held to give spur to our war efforts, to solidify our patriotism, to draw our people closer together in love of America and to arouse in all of us a new consciousness of what America means to us, and Avhat we mean to one another. Beyond the sea — over there in the trenches on the farflung battle line — our boys are at' this moment fighting in the greatest struggle that freedom ever has known, fighting for the safety of our homes, our women and our children, fighting for the preservation of our liberties, fighting that truth and honor may not perish from the earth, fighting — 34 — that the eternal principle of right dealing between nations as between individuals may endure. Acts more inspiring than those at Ther- mopylae are daily being enacted, and with bated breath we scan the paper each day for news from the battle-scarred field. Gradually the casualty list lengthens, and more and more do we come to realize the stern realities of war. But more and more is the spirit of our people manifested to fight harder than ever, to sacrifice to the very limit and to endure whatever of hardship, what- ever of privation and whatever of sorrow and grief fate may impose to the end that we may win this war. This war is teaching us that our country is a partnership of humanity. Rich and poor, young and old, we are all united as brothers under one flag. This is America, and we are Americans. Not fifty-fifty Americans, nor even seventy-five-twenty-five Americans, but one hundred per cent Americans, all working together for the freedom of America and the world. It was Abraham Lincoln who said that America could not endure half slave and half free. It is equally true that America can not endure half American and half something else. We've got to be Americans first and all the time ; Americans through and through ; Americans in thought, in sentiment and in aspiration. There isn't any room in this great commonwealth for that cowardly, sneaking and disloyal element known as the I. W. W. Defiant of the law, criminal in purpose, cowardly in methods, this disloyal element of the state and nation must be crushed. There isn't any room in California for loafers either. I want especially to commend those cities and counties where the authorities already have initiated drastic measures ito suppress iidleness and seditious disturbance^ At this time when the very existence of our nation is dependent upon the man-power that we shall be able to develop, it is outrageous to tolerate either the idle rich or the idle poor. There is work for everybody, and it's up to us to see to it that in California everybody does work. If necessary to enforce a thorough going work-program, the legislature, I am sure, will see to it that ample power is provided the proper authorities. I ask all councils of defense, to give this subject their very earnest attention. We have just completed the third liberty loan drive, and California has again done her part gloriously. Every one of our fifty-eight counties has "gone over the top" — every one has subscribed far more than its quota. That is the sort of a record we want California to maintain through- out this war. We owe it to the nation and we owe it to our own boys who have gone forth to face the foe. If in time of peace our people divide and disagree on many things, in time of war the country's call must bind, does bind all together in this — our holy cause. California is loyal and true to America's flag, America's cause. One hundred thousand of her brave sons are already in the service; another, and another hundred thousand are ready when called. We of California are of one mind, of one purpose — to give all — to do all necessary to win this M'ar. x^ INDEPENDENCE DAY ADDRESS. DcHvcicd at IJ.Tk.'lry. July 4. 1!)1S. We are celebrating tliis day not only the anniversary of the Declara- tion of Independence on the part of the thirteen colonies, bnt also a new declaration of independence for tlie world. The issne of the present great conflict is whether or not the princii)les and ideals of government laid down by onr fathei's in 1776 in these United States of America shall endure. In a vast passionate protest the people who would be free are with utmost sacrifice warring against the worst and most capable autocracy our civilization has ever known. This is the most significant celebration of our country's natal day in our generation. We might also regard it as second only to the Fourth of July of one hundred and forty-two years ago. On that day it was resolved that this nation should be free and that the people stood ready to lay down their lives for that cause. Today we are entered upon the finn resolve that the whole world shall be free, and for that cause our people will battle with every resource and power. Already we are making sacrifices. The United States of America is reborn today. With our new declara- tion of independence we have become possessed of a common, patriotic impulse, and have been filled with the purposes of a free nation as never before in the history of the country. No less than the spirit of independence that culniinated in the declaration of 1776 does the spirit glow today in the hearts of the American people that we shall continue a free people and that all of the people of the world shall Avith us be free of the yoke of a hideous autocracy. Let us not be disheartened, my felloM^-citizens, the struggle for free- dom has ever been against heavy odds. We shall win this momentous struggle, and because of the tremendous sacrifice we must make we shall treasure the more the fruits of victory and the blessings we shall win for the generations that are to come. In the State House at Philadelphia on the Fourtli of July. 1776, a document was issued to the world that is the lieacon light of freedom. You remember the story of the old man who waited in the steeple for the word the flaxen haired boy was to shout to him from the street below. The old bell-keeper became impatient and groaned that the lad had forgotten. Presently the blue-eyed boy could be seen running and clapping his hands and -shouting the words, "ring, ring, ring," and the bell pealed fcrth its messag.* from the heroic Ugure ; who had there assembled to assert the right of the people to rule. A beneflcent God has given us the strength and zeal to send forth to the world another such message of declaration of rights and of challenge to those who would deprive us of the rights and liberties of a free citizenship. Potsdam has heard our message and the Kaiser shall know that he cannot withstand it. But we must not, in our faith in the right of our cause and in the confidence of our might, be lulled into a false sense of what confronts us. It can not be else than a hard-fought victory. The Kaiser stands not alone with a coterie of militarists. He stands with his people carefully nurtured and educated in the Kultur that has outraged the — 36 — world. He stands poised with a mighty arm to make still further drives against the allied nations. I am not pessimistic but I frankly acknowledge the power of the enemy. First, we must stop him in his advance. The next step is to drive him back. The third problem of the war will be how far back we shall drive him. I, for one. insist that we shall drive the Kaiser to Berlin and, as has been suggested, send him Grant's famous message of "unconditional surrender." Let us not forget the Kaiser's word.s to Ambassador Gerard, spoken before we entered the war, that after he had finished with the Euro- pean nations he would stand "no nonsense from America." We have the threat that in his sweep of the world America was to come next after Europe had been laid prostrate before his sword. He has violated the principles of international warfare. He has fouled wherever there was advantage for him. He has brought suffering and woe to the whole world as no other potentate ever has done, in thirst for glorifica- tion. His is a nuilignant and atrocious influence in the world that must be definitely and permanently eradicated. We may celebrate today, with pride and great satisfaction, the placing of our first million of men in France. It is an augury of certain victory. It is a demonstration of the remarkable capacity of our nation and of what the Kaiser has to reckon with. Surely, swiftly, we are going to place in the battle line the strength that will over-balance the power of the Kaiser and force him to call upon Hindenlierg and Ludendorfl:' for their plans of retreat. Then will come further and artful propaganda for peace, and I ask you. luy fellow-citizens, to give no heed until victory is complete. The Kaiser has forced a dishonest and dishonorable peace upon Russia. By similar means he has attempted to disrupt our country. The war has provided opportunity for anarchistic propaganda, which the agents of the Kaiser have been quick to use. Russia's collapse was effected. In our land of freedom the Kaiser has failed utterly to bring about the national undoing that was planned as in Russia. We are by no means done with the problem, but we have checked it, and the heavy hand of the law is falling upon those unspeakable traitors that aimed to help the German cause. The I. W. W. and other avenues of sedition and disloyalty are being exposed and public opinion is thoroughly aroused to eradicate them. There is no need for sabotage and incendiarism and murder and bomb throwing to bring about progress and social reform in California. The awakening to a realiz.ation of social injustices has been most thorough. Our state has with unusual intelligence and understanding inidertaken and established many reforms, and notwithstanding the many additional duties and burdens imposed by the war, we shall con- tinue the fight for the betterment of human conditions in our state. We are going to accomplish the desired ends as peaceful and law- abiding citizens. We are not going to tolerate the crazy propaganda that aims at anarchy and that would set all at naught. In this crisis, however, we must hold firmly to our standards of justice. Heads must remain cool if we are to deal successfully with the I. W. W. prolilem. Our methods must be correct and just. I have spoken as I have because I want you to realize that I. W. W'ism is one of our most serious problems of the war. I want you to -^ 37 — realize that it is a real menace and one that calls for your hest thought. It is but a form of the bold pro-Germanism that we have had to deal with in this country. Disloyalty in any form is not to be tolerated. We have been lenient and unsuspecting. However, we know the agents of the Kaiser are busy in our midst and every loyal American citizen owes it, as a duty, to his country to maintain vigilance and to help in a relentless campaign to stamp out treachery within our own borders. I desire at this time to draw to your attention one of the most important proclamations, to my mind, that President Wilson has issued. Perhaps in the rush of things it did not impress you as it should. It was his appeal to the people in connection witli the war savings stamp campaign. He urged upon us economy and restraint in all of our affairs. We do not know how long the strain will continue. We must give to the national government unreservedly all that it needs in its herculean task. In all of our activities — in our private and in our public affairs we should and will institute a rigid economy in order that we may build up our greatest strength for the support of the government at Washington. The productive agencies of the country must be expanded to the maximum. Our brothers across the seas, who are valiantly fighting with us in our cause, need our help and we must give it to them unstintedly. If this war shall continue for any length of time — and it will — we shall begin to feel burdens far more acutely. In anticipation of this let us prepare and be fortified. It may be that we shall call upon the people of our cities to help gather the late crops in this state,. I know you stand ready to lend your aid to save all that will go into the world's food supply. The farmer of California has proved himself a real patriot. In the face of discouragements, caused by new limitations of labor supply as a result of the war, he has gone forward with plans for increased production. He needs help and we are trying to afford all possible relief. The most serious situation may come at the end of the summer. We may have to call for volunteers for a harvest army that may be regarded as an important line of defense. I know that with the patriotic manifestations we are having in California, if need should arise, our people from the cities will go to the country and patriotically help to gather the bountiful crops. California has achieved a very proud record of loyal support in the war. In men, food and money we have given our share freely, and more than our proportionate share. Our communities everywhere have shown a i-emarkable capacity for organized effort to attain these ends. I was much impressed the other day with a letter from a woman residing in a California town. She said that it was a matter of regret that the lil)erty loan and Red Cross drives were over. She had lived in that community for over twenty-five years and never before had there been developed such a neiglihorly and cooperative spirit. She wrote that these activities had brought the people together in a hner relation- ship and that life was much more enjoyable in that particular place. In this, my friends, you will see what I meant when I said that a new brotherhood was developing among our people. It is a glorious develop- ment that is going on in our land. We must not in our celebration of this Fourtli of July, forget those mothers who have already given their sons in sacrifice for their — 38 — country and those who are yet to give them. The casualty lists already embrace the names of many young men who went from Cali- fornia. Our hearts go out in sympathy and heartfelt regard for their mothers. Wherever opportunity may be afforded let us each, individu- ally and severally, try to lighten the burdens of those who are thus afflicted. We bestow upon them our kindliest consideration and extend to them a helping hand. To those of our citizens who are of foreign birth this day will be sacred and inspiring. All over our country July 4, 1918, is being celebrated by the adopted citizens of America as the natal day of a new and greater spirit of liberty and independence. What a splendid answer this is to the enemy's taunt that the foreign-born in America are granting only sullen help in this war ! We are all members of the great American commonwealth — one and indivisible. Our glorious flag — the emblem of freedom and independence — is broad enough to embrace within its ample folds men of all lands who love liberty and hate tyranny. The only test that is demanded is the test of faithful and undivided allegiance to our country. In the galaxy of American heroes we find the names of men who were born beyond the sea, but who came to this land and struggled heroically to defend our country in her past hours of trial. And when the historian of the future shall write the record of this present struggle for liberty and freedom, I know that in the nation's illustrious roll of honor will be found the names of men not born in this land but yet devoting to it the fullest measure of loyalty and patriotism, willing to sacrifice their very lives for the protection and preservation of the governmental ideals that they hold sacred. Our assemblage today signifies our steadfast adherence to those principles contained in the Declaration of Independence that was signed in 1776 by the men who "wrote their names where all nations should liehold them and all time should not efface them." It signifies as well, the celebration of a re-declaration- of those principles as against the first menace that has sought to overthrow them, and with the same faith as our forefathers had in the justness of our cause against the country's enemy. We shall not cease fighting until the Kaiser has been brought to his knees — until Germany has been overwhelmingly defeated. We can have no peace until the world has not only been made safe for democracy — but has also been made safe for its women and its children. ADDRESS BEFORE THE CONVENTION OF ASSOCIATED ADVER- TISING CLUBS OF THE WORLD. Delivered at San Franci.sco, .Tuly 7. 1918. In these days of war tenseness, with its inevitable interruption of normal business procedure, it is gratifying to have assembled here the business brains of the civilized world to give thought and direction to the commercial activities of our peoples. It is with especial pleasure, therefore, that California extends wel- come to the A'-sociated Advertising Clubs of the World. We know — 39 — that your deliberations will be fruitful of much good, and that the influence of this world convention will have direct and practical benefits — helpful alike to the problems immediately related to the war and to the sound business interests which your convention represents. Your big task is to help win the war, not only that our liberties may be made safe but in order that business and coinmerce itself may be made safe. The same tyranny tliat would subjugate world democracy would just as ruthlessly subjugate world commerce. Until the iron glove has been stripped from the mailed fist of the Kaiser there can be no security either for free nations of for free commerce. During the early stages of the war the slogan, "Business as usual," was diligently sounded. Undoubtedly it had much to do with steady- ing the pulse of the business world. But of course business can not remain normal. The exigencies of war call for a re-allignment of business never before known in the history of the world. So swift have been the various transitions that few of us can grasp the full significance of wdiat is actually going on. As business men, therefore, you are confronted with new and per- plexing problems. You have to exercise not only wisdom in dealing with the pi-esent war problem l)ut foresight in dealing with the problem as it will exist after the war. You ad men represent the dynamo in the l)usiness mechanism. In a very real sense, what you say goes. Next to the allied armies, the Kaiser fears your power more than any other influence on earth. You have the keys to the markets of the world. That is wdiat dis- tnrlis him. He fears that you w'on't let him in to those world markets after the war is over. His fears may be well founded. You arc gathered here from the four quarters of the globe. The wise men of the East meet here with the wise men of the West. Surely out of such consolidated wisdom will come plans and ideas of lasting benefit to the business and commerce of the world. To those of you who come from other lands may I express the hope that you take back with you assurances of our friendship and commercial comradeship. And take back, as well, the message of our unswerving loyalty. We are in this war until we have pushed the enemy liack across the Rhine; back to Berlin and Potsdam. -K -K -k -K ->t DEDICATION OF CALIFORNIA'S SERVICE FLAG. Acldres.s delivered at Sacramento. August IG, 1918. We have assembled to dedicate California 's service flag, to pay honor to 130,339 sons of our state who have responded to the country's call, and to send a new- message to the Kaiser of our resolution to put forth every ounce of our energy and to use all of our resources to bring hitii to his knees. We are intensely proud of what California has done in prosecution of the war. AVe have sent more than our share of men to the front. We have supplied food and money in the generous spirit of true patriotism. But the most vital support we have given is of our sons and their pre- 7—8761 — 40 — cious lives. From our hearts we offer tribute to them. It is they who have made us prouder than ever to call ourselves Californians. We must not, however, in this hour of high patriotic impulse forget the stern, hard days that yet confront us. The tide of the war has turned. America's help and America's invigorating spirit has made it possible, for the first time on the Western front, to throw the Germans back in a movement of complete retreat. For the first time, the Allies have proved themselves the masters. The Kaiser aimed at Paris and at the sea. Only a few miles intervened, he thought, between his armies and crushing defeat for the Allies. Then came the rude upset to all the dreams of Kaiserism. Instead of reaching Paris and the coast of France, the Germans encountered the new impulse in the allied forces. Foch showed a new strength, irresistible and overwhelming. Soon the Kaiser M-as struggling to extri- cate his armies from the perils encircling them in what was to have been their marching routes to Paris and the sea coast. The Allies have made their advances and they have put the Germans on the run. But my friends, I appeal to you, as in the words of Lloyd George, to hold steady and not to gloat. We have by no means won the war. The Kaiser is by no means beaten. We have halted him and put an end to his further advance into France. But we have not con- quered him. That is the task that is before us. The Germans, back in their defenses, can be dislodged only with our utmost power. This war cannot end until Kaiserism and militarism are completely stamped out as the menace to the peace of the world. The Em]ieror and his junkers will fight to the last to maintain themselves. It will take a long time to attain the purposes of the Allies in this conflict, and we need not be surprised if the war continues for two or three 3^ears more. Of course, events might bring an earlier peace, but we have no assur- ance, and it is our imperative duty to go forward to develop the max- imum strength of the nation. Most heartily do I ap])rove of the plans to place an American army of 5.000,000 men in France. If more are needed we should promptly send more. The weight of overwhelming force must be brought to bear if we are to crush the great military machine of the enemy. I appeal to you therefore to be heartened by the news from France but not to gloat — not yet. We must not allow the recent successes to lessen oin* ardor. Rather do I appeal for new resolution to help win the war. Let us bend ourselves to our tasks with greater determinaticn than ever, and show no letup until the breaking of Kaiserism is accomplished definitely and for all time. The Army men were much concerned, when we set about to raise our forces, over the conditions about the camps that might incapacitate men or weaken them. Soldiering has become a diligent, exacting busi- ness and it was urgent that the men should be kept in the l)est of con- dition, mentally and physically. The Army men had prompt and effective cooperation from your Governor and the state administration. Our State Board of Health gave most efficient aid. I wish to take this occasion to speak a word of praise for Dr. George E. Ebright, the President of that body, and — 41 — for Dr. W. A. Sawyer, who as secretary of tlie hoartl, gave sueli splen- did sereviee in eooprration with the federal authorities. It is a matter of intense pride that because of this great work the national goverinnent sent for Dr. Sawyer. I was never so reluctant and yet so pleased as when I accepted Dr. Sawyer's resignation in compliance witli the call from Washington. These young men that we are sending into the hell overseas, are the sons of mothers and fathers who love them dearly. They are the hone and sinew of our nation. They go to make the supreme sacrifice for our country and its people. Around every one of them, as they depart, are hearts that are breaking. The anguish and grief of the mothers, we men cannot comprehend. I am frank to say to you that during my occupancy of the Governor s chair no duty has weighed so imperatively on me as to protect the youths we gathered into camps for training for war. At their ages resistance is not the strongest and history tells of the wrecks that were made of men. not from the enemy's sword or bullets, but from the vicious influences and activities of followers of the camps. Happily in this war the grogshop and conunercial vice have l)een kept away from our boys. Instead, they have an environment of the wonderfully helpful agencies that the American people have so generously provided to furiiish amusement and diversion. S'3 far as it has l)een in my power as Governor, I have sought to maintain those conditions that should return to you fathers and mothers, if the God of battles should spare them, your sons as wholesome, as clean, as strong in mind and body as the day they spoke the fearful goodbye to you. I know how the family circle is scanning the casualty lists, for we are doing it in mine, morning and night, as they appear in the news- papers. I know the anxiety that is filling the hearts of other mothers and fathers and wives and children. We know that some of our lioys will never return. As grief stalks through oiu' land we must hold our hearts open with sympathy and the spirit of helpfulness. Nor can we be unmindful of those who will come back after the war, some of them maimed and all of them to begin life anew in the pursuits of i)eace. They will have earned our generous help and the opportunity to resume the race of life not too greatly handicapped because of what they have given to the country 's service. I have already announced, as a governmental policy, if I am to continue as Governor, that our Land Settlement Act, whereby the state is to aid the man of small means to acquire land and homes of his own, shall be so amplified as to give opportunity for the returning soldier. For the maimed we must provide access to industrial opportunity by special training. In fact, various aoencies of our state government are already at work on such plans, so (hat we shallbe ready when peace is attained. The obligation that we owe to these 100,000 or* more young men who have gone overseas from our state is great. We want them all to return to us, every one of them and we want to provide for them the ready opportunity that is their just due. Those boys are doing their part, nobly, admirabl.y and well. The engineer battalion from this state is a part of the famous Forty-Second — 42 — division. kno\\-ii as the Rainbow division, which recently made such a sorry spectacle of the crack Prussian Guards near the Marne. While they are doing their part, let us do ours. We must continue going over the top in California. And when the smiling days of peace shall come again, let us be ready in a substantial way to throw open to them the doors of opportunity, not only for their own good, but for the good and advantage of all our state. OUR DEPARTED HEROES. Address delivered before The Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masous, San Francisco, October 14, 1919. It was on the 19th day of November, 1868 — almost fifty-six years ago —that Abraham Lincoln declared at Gettysburg that the living owe it to the heroic dead to dedicate themselves to the completion of the task begun in blood and sacrifice. He said that from the honored dead the living should take increased devotion to the cause for which the dead had given the last full measure of devotion. So today, we may best honor our heroic dead by dedicating ourselves anew to the ideals they defended and for which they laid down their lives that not alone this Republic they loved, but the entire civilized world, might have a new birth of freedom. The war from which we have so recently emerged has taught us the real meaning of mobilization. We have learned that the mobilization of a nation is vastly more than the marshalling of its armies, the gather- ing of the material resources and the transportation of men and muni- tions to the scene of conflict. Men who had all their lives abhorred war as an instrument for imposing on the weak and defenseless the will of the strong, had to learn that there is a justified war of defense which is the very highest possible expression of loyalty to principle and devotion to justice. One of the bravest deeds of the whole war, let it not be forgotten, was registered on the battlefield of France in the valor and heroism of an obscure, poorly-educated son of the Tennessee mountains who not only knew nothing of war, but as a "conscientious objector" had to be convinced of the moral justification of even a war of national defense. The mobilization of America was more than the building of ships, the manufacture of equipment and the arming, drilling and transportation of troops. Back of all that was the fine universal spirit of service, the splendid gra.sping of an ideal that was to center the hearts and nerve the purpose of millions of men in a high common intent. This intelli- gent understanding of the fundamental issue of the war and of the part we were to play in it, was the basis of the wonderful morale that characterized our troops on the battlefields of Europe. It was this that gave them their dash and high courage and made them in effectiveness the superiors of professional foreign soldiers. There is little indeed of real service that we now can render our lieroic dead. We may and we will care for the survivors who have returned to us maimed and crippled for life, but there is no service we may now render those who, in the language of Lincoln, paid the "full — 43 — measure of their devotion." except as we sei-vc the country tlu'v loved with a devotion equal to that which they gave. 'I'o do less, is to fall short of the privilege we have and to avoid in part tlie resi)onsil)ility imposed on us by the events of the last three years. As our heroes so bravely died that their country mi^ht Vive, shall we not as unselfishly live that our country shall never die 1 Shall we not devote our purpose and our strength toward making America, wholly American'/ Must we not make sure that American citizenship shall mean a larger freedom, under the law — a due regard for the rights and comforts of others and a loyalty to home and country that shall be unquestioned? You and I, if we would measure up to our departed sons, must so conduct our business affairs as to give no reason for, or encouragement to, the spread of anarchy in America. Neither anarchism, nor I. W. W.'ism, nor Bolshevism, nor any other traitorous 'ism should be toler- ated in this free land of ours. Indeed, in this particular day, we, individually and collectively, have an obligation to fulfill — that of pre- serving law and order. To that end ^ve must see to it that if a citizen assail our flag he shall be promptly arrested and promptly punished, and if an alien speak or act against America, he shall promptly be put out of America. How can we of the Masonic order better honor our men wlio in the war paid the full limit of sacrifice and whose graves are today on some sunny slope in France, than to pledge anew our love and loyalty to the flag that on a foreign soil and far from home symbolized to them as they gazed into its starry folds, their country and all that was dearest to them in life ! "They lie in France where lilies bloom ; Those flowers pale that suard each tomb Are saintly souls that smiling stand Close by them in that martyred land. And mutely there the long- night shadows creep From quiet hills to mourn for them who sleep ; While o'er them through the dusk go silently Thi' grieving clouds that slowly drift to sea ; And lately round them moaned the winter wind ^^'h(:sp voice, lamenting, sounds so coldly kind, Yet in their faith those waiting hearts abide The time when turns forever that false tide. In France they lie where lilies bloom Those flowers fair for them made room. Not vainly placed the crosses stand Within that brave and stricken land ; Their honor lives, their love endures, Their noble death the right assui'cs. For they shall have their hearts' desire, They who, unflinching, braved the fire, Across the fields their eyes at last shall see Through clouds and mist the hosts of victory.'' • — Percival Allen. Our greatest debt of gratitude to our own heroic dead is for the splendid proof they gave that the spirit of America lives in ever glori- fied form. The valor of the American citizen soldier has commanded recognition on everj' great battlefield of the war. It was the determining — U — factor both on land and on the sea. Wherever American blood has flowed on the fields of France and Flanders, in the defense of liberty and justice, there homage will be paid by future generations to the courage and the splendid idealism of those Americans among whom were those whose sacrifices we today here commemorate. Lincoln at Gettysburg voiced the deeper sentiment of those who would frame in w^ords adequate tribute to the men who have given all for the freedom of mankind. It is indeed impossible to frame in words the deep-felt tribute we hold in our hearts. To attempt it were vain. And so it is by lives of patriotic endeavor that we may best rededicate ourselves to the completion of the task they began. As truly as America can best serve humanity by unselfish cooperation in all that uplifts and liberates mankind, so truly will we honor our California dead by build- ing here a commonwealth that shall be always in the forefront of every broadly patriotic movement — a state whose civic ideals shall contribute in a large way to the permanent advancement and glory of the Republic. WORDS OF WELCOME TO KING ALBERT AND QUEEN ELIZABETH OF BELGIUM. Oakland. Octolwr 14. 1910. As Governor of California, and in behalf of over three million people, I come this morning to extend to you the appreciative hand of fellowship, and to bid you, King Albert and Queen Elizabeth of Bel- gium, heartfelt welcome to the golden state and golden sunshine of California. We are proud of the fact that California, second state of the Union in area, did her full share of America's part in winning the great war. And we are so proud of Belgium — big little Belgium — whose King and people held back the Hun, and thus made sure for the world that right, and not might, shall prevail. Your stay in California will be all too short, but we hope you will see so much of our state and our people, and be so convinced of the sin- cerity of our affection hy the qualit^^ of our hospitality, that you will come again. May God keep you well and strong, that you may long continue to liive heroic leadership to wonderful Belgium. 'GOOD BYE" TO KING ALBERT AND QUEEN ELIZABETH OF BELGIUM. rasndena, October 17, 1919. We of California are exceedingly pleased and sincerely grateful to King Albert and Queen Elizabeth of Belgium for their visit to the United States and especially for their coming to California. Our hearts were deeply touched by the heroic action of the King and his soldiers, w^hen, in the first days of the great war, with history- making courage and valor, they stood between the German annies and — 45 — Paris. Heroic figures they were and heroic figures tliey will remain until the end of time. California is indeed proud of having exceeded its share in all war activities — is intensely proud of the part the United States had in the winning of the war — and now that we have seen the King and Queen and can personally testify to their democracy, we can with all earnest- ness and sincerity join the whole world in saying, "Long live King Albert and Queen Elizabeth." As the King and liLs armies stood in the gateway of Belgium and held back tlie destroying hordes of Huns, so must we stand in the gate- way to America and see to it that henceforth no man enters this God- favored land of ours who advocates anarchy or bolshevism. We must legislate so that every man. before he is admitted to citizenship in America, shall speak and read the language of America. We must also see that every man claiming citizenship who speaks or acts against our flag, shall be promptly and properly punished. And now. King Albert and Queen Elizabeth, we bid you good-bye and pra}^ Almighty God that you may have a safe journey home. WELCOME HOME ADDRESS. Delivered on Armistice Day, November 11, 1919. We are gathered today exactly twelve months after the firing of the last gun on the battlefields of France and the signing of the armistice which closed the greatest struggle at arms in all human history. This day has been designated not only as Armistice Day but also as Welcome Home Day that we may celebrate the homecoming of the men who rep- resented us on all the battlefields in France, on all our ships of war and in all the camps of preparation. We are proud of these men, not only because they have worn the American uniform in response to a call for service in the bloodiest conflict man has ever known, although that alone would have com- manded our appreciation and lasting gratitude, but we honor them more especially for the magnificent equalities they displayed. There was something about their service that far transcended a mere response to military duty. California contributed loyally and generously to the success of American arms on the battlefiekis of France. When the appeal for men was sounded by the President the response from our California firesides was prompt, spontaneous and in full measure. We all remem- ber the days when our young men in civilian dress gathered from city, county, hamlet and farm, marched through the streets, and we won- dered then what sort of soldiers they were to make, and what part they were to play in a war whose frightfulness was well understood. On they came from thousands of homes everywhere. Quitting their profit- able employments, postponing their high ambitions, they left behind them their earned prospects in life to engage in the awful game of war. Not for the love of the fight, but for the love of the right, they marched and fought. True to the high principles of American manhood ■ — splendid indeed was the spirit they showed. — 46 — With fine self -adjustment, individual dash and energy, self-mastery and resourcefulness our boys went into the war and brought unmeas- ured honor to their state and country. The record that America's fighting boys made in the Avar set up a new standard for American citizenship. It was a new standard, be- cause never before had American citizen soldiers been sent overseas to ofiCer their lives on European soil in support of a cause broader than the countrj^'s need. So unprecedented was this call for the defense of world civilization that a great many well-meaning people insisted that to sacrifice Ameri- can lives in the great conflict was a lamentable departure from our traditions. To have followed the advice of those critics would have been ignoble, because it would have left to the doubtful determination of already overburdened peoples a cause that was the cause of liberty- loving men everywhere. Such an attitude on our part would have been cowardly and selfish, and in the long run would have resulted in the triumph of autocracy either through a defeat of the Allied powers or a compromise peace perpetuating autocratic rule. ]More. it would have imposed on us the final necessity of defending our own liberties. Back to our American homes millions of these brave sons have been streaming as the demobilization of our armies has proceeded. And now in behalf of the whole state of California, I extend to our returned heroes the heartfelt welcome of three million appreciative people. There will be vacant places in thousands of homes — homes where the golden star denotes in silent eloquence the measure of patriotic sacri- fice. A grateful nation's love and gratitude is the only offering that we can tender those whose dear ones fell in France and Flanders in defense of liberty and justice. They have sacrificed that free gov-ern- ment might not perish from the earth. The heroism and patriotism of our departed sons is a glorified memory. Having made the supreme sacrifice for home and country that justice and equality might not cease to be the ideals of the nation, these splendid heroes rest in France. It is not so much how long men live but how they live — and to what purpose, that most concerns us. It is achievement, measured in terms of unselfish service that counts. These boys who went overseas did the work of men in the making of human history. They have lived largely, have lived nobly, have served their country and humanity to a degree denied to most of us, and our lives are richer and our liberties secure because of their sacrifice. We owe them a debt of gratitude which nothing but equal loyalty to country can ever discharge. The names of our heroic dead are engraven on the nation's honor roll, and the memory of their deeds will live while men love liberty and honor courage. We pledge anew to the country they fought for and to the flag they loved the devotion they would have us give. To those of our heroes who, having returned, are taking their places in the walks of life among their fellowmen, we owe more than we can ever repay. We must never forget that these were the men who in the hour of the nation's testing and the world's need — when arrogance and armed might challenged humanity's highest ideals and endeavored to set up a world autocracy in contempt of justice — stayed the tide of Prussian triumph, turned impending defeat into victory and did their full share in saving civilization and all that civilization holds dear. — 47 — As these war veterans are expected to continue in peace their full ardor for the ideals of their country, so let us all make this honie- coniing: of our men the occasion for solemn resolve that, God helping us, we will never cease fighting the enemies of tlie Republic. Let there be no place in America for the man who is without reverence for the laws and institutions that comprise our national heritage. It means little to defeat autocracy in Europe if anarchy is to find lodgment here at home. It is indeed one of the chief glories of Amei'ican liistory and tradi- tion tlu\t demobilization of our armies consists of the simple process of reabsorbing into the body politic the millions composing its fighting power, and the superb ability of these men again to pick up the thread (jp service in the nation's industrial life is one of the supreme triumphs of democrac3^ This process of reassimilation ought to be a process of national recon- struction in the very best and highest sense. The convictions of oui' American boys formulated on battlefield and in cam]i will be indelilily stamped on current history. We, too, have grown. This is not the America that M'ent into the war in 1917. It is a new America born of the larger inspirations of a world cataclysm and a peace that marks the triumph of right over military autocracy. We can do little now to add to the honors of these men who fought our battles in France. Thev have won remarkable honors, more remarkable than any it is within our power to bestow. But we shall honor ourselves in a measure of appreciation and gratitude commen- surate with their service. Without question, many fallen in the fields of sunny France will, in response to tender sentiment, be brought home by the government and finally be laid to rest in the soil of their own United States. Others from like sentiment will remain where they have fallen in defense of liberty beneath a soil baptized and conse- crated with their blood. In either event, it will be well for the living if we can catch some- thing of the inspiration that prompted them. May their love of the flag be ours, ours their devotion to justice and liberty, ours their faith- fulness to dutv. ARMISTICE DAY ADDRESS. Delivered at rorterville, November 11. 1920. Armistice Day is a day of deep and solemn meaning to the American people. It is the day on which peace came to the war-worn nations of the earth — a day which marks a new era in the relations which nations shall bear to each other in the future. I have officially declared Armistice Da}^ a legal holiday, and all over California our people will assemble to pay reverent tribute to the heroes who gave their lives that institutions such as we here enjoy might be preserved, and whose graves dot the hillsides of France. These heroes died not only that you and I might live and enjoy the blessings of government of our own choosing, but that there might — 48 — forever be an end to all war. They died that generations coming after them might not be compelled to endure the horrors which they had known. These American heroes made the supreme sacrifice. They did their whole duty. But they left a task for us to perform. Its performance is for our self-interest. Our task is to see to it that wars such as this shall not again rend the earth. How have we performed our task? How have we fulfilled our trust ? Let us take thought of these things. On the 11th of November, 1918, there was fired the last shot in the greatest war which the world has ever known — the like of which, we sin- cerely pray, may never again be experienced by the children of men. Although engaged in actual hostilities for less than two years, America's contribution in men and money was enormous and decisive. More than four million men rallied to the colors and more than half of these were transported to Europe and engaged in the fiercest fighting of the war. They constituted the flower of our young manhood. Their valor and prowess is written in imperishable glory along the banks of the Marne, in the forest of Argonne, at Chateau Thierry, and in the dash to Verdun. The historian of the future will accord to America full meed of praise for the part which she played in this titanic conflict. Not only will be told the glorious story of the bravery and the prowess of America's c-ons on the far-fiung battle front in France, of the horrors of that living hell which they faced with unflinching courage, of their spirit and ardor which made them more than a match for the best trained troops of Europe, of their irresistible dash which literally swept the enemy before them, but history also will do full justice to the noble purpose and the high resolve which impelled America to enter into the conflict. It was not for selfish ends that America took up arms. America always has had her "place in the sun," and so long as she remains steadfast to her ideals always will have. America did not covet the lands that belong to other peoples. She did not seek by force of arms to exalt her glory as a military nation. She had no lust for power, or place, or pom]i. She did not seek commercial advantage. An ample market for all her wares and produce was provided at home and abroad, by the war ; and with the lessening or cessation of production in the other chief manufacturing and commercial countries, the whole world had turned to America for supplies. Our financial interests would have best been served by staying out rather than entering the war. But we did not think of ourselves alone. Our financial advantage, our commercial expansion and our personal comfort were not matters of first or of deepest concern. The world was aflame and the ideals which constitute the very foundation of our civilization were menaced with destruction. It was given to America to decide whether the world should be governed by principles of right and justice, and fair dealing between organized and orderly governments responsible to the will of the people who created them, or whether the M'orld should be ruled by irrespon- sible political organizations founded upon force and ignoring all morals and all laws save that of gross and material self-interest. America was called upon to decide between might and right. In this, as ever in the past, and as ever in the future, she declared for the right. — 49 — In the great war America fought for the preservation of the hopes and the ideals which have been entertained by men in all ages, and which alone, through their realization, can make this world a fit place for human habitation. America poured out her blood and her treasure that the nations of the world in their relations with others might be governed by the same laws of equity and of justice that govern the relations of men with each other. Fifty thousand graves in France are filled with American boys who willingly gave their lives to put an end to war. They died that future generations might not be subject to the horrors and miseries which came to them. Willingly they sacrificed themselves, that, founded upon the blood-bought victory, there might be established a permanent and enduring peace under which all the nations of the earth in perfect accord and good understanding one with another would be free to work out their destiny and develop their institutions so as best to serve the welfare and happiness of their own people without impinging upon the rights of other peoples. Two hundred and twenty thousand American boys who were wounded or who were taken prisoners, drank to the very dregs from the cup of misery brewed by this needless strife. They have passed through the fire. They know what war is and what it does to men. Their maimed bodies and broken spirits in anguish cry out to all the nations of the earth to safeguard and defend the world against the repetition of such horrors. The men who filled the trenches in France and passed through the living hell of conflict, together with all those others who on land or sea or in air contributed their bit to the winning of victory and ending the struggle", know what war is and fervently pray that it never again may be known on earth. But I sometimes wonder if the rest of us realize fully just what this war meant to us and to the other nations of the earth. Do you realize that the mobolized forces of all the nations engaged on both sides of the world war aggregated more than 59,000,000 men? And do you know that for every thirty human beings in the world — men, women and children — one man was taken away from industry and thrust into the war? Do you realize that the number of men killed on both sides during the great war according to the most authentic information was 7.668,320 men, more than twice the total population — men, women and children — in California ? And do you recall that this number about equals the combined population of all the states west of the Rocky Mountains? Do you realize that the total number on both sides who were wounded was more than 18,500,000 men, and that 7.000,000 more were accounted as prisoners or missing? If to these are added the number killed there is a grand total of killed, wounded, prisoners and missing of more than 33,000,000 men, or a figure equal approximately to one-third the total population of the United States? Do you realize what it meant in loss of production, directly affecting not only the comfort but the very existence of millions of human beings, to withdraw from useful pursuits nearly 60,000,000 men best fitted — 50 — to serve in industrial pursuits and set them at the task of destroying each other ? Statisticians have computed that the direct loss to the world in production alone, due to the withdrawal from industry of men of fighting age, during this last war amounted to the tremendous total of more than $45,000,000,000. Have you kept in mind the fact that the direct cost of the great war, reflecting only the expenditure of the governments engaged on both sides of that struggle amounted to the staggering total of $186,333,- 637,097? When to this almost inconceivable sum is added the stupen- dous loss of production, the value of the property destroyed and the capitalized value of human life, it has been computed that the direct and indirect cost of the war which ended with the declaration of an armistice on the 11th day of November, 1918, amounted to the amaz- ing total of $337,000,000,000. This is a sum so vast as to challenge comprehension and can be understood only by comparison. In 1917, just before the United States entered the war, the total wealth of this nation was estimated at $220,000,000,000, a sum only a little in excess of two-thirds of the cost of the world war. In the same year, 1917, the national wealth of the British Empire, including the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India and Ceylon, the Crown colonies and protectorates, including Egypt, was estimated officially by a crown minister of the Empire at $130,000,000,- 000. So that if the two figures representing the national wealth of the two wealthiest nations in the world be added together you will have a combined total of $350,000,000,000, only $13,000,000,000 in excess of the estimated direct and indirect costs of the great war. Is it strange that when more than 7,500,000 human beings have l)een sent to untimely graves by this monstrous war, when more than 18,000.000 other human beings have been injured during the progress of a war which also has left its mark not only on the com- batant forces but upon every human lieing in the v;hole world, and has piled up a mountain of debt which must be borne in misery and in hardship by generations yet unborn — I say, is it strange that every intelligent human being throughout the world's broad expanse should be weary of war and look forward hopefully to the day when wars shall be no more ? The dream of that blissful day when ' ' swords shall be beaten into plowshares and spears into pruning hooks, ' ' when perma- nent and enduring peace shall rule throughout the earth, must be realized. If we are to assume merely that man is a rational and intelligent animal, then for his own protection and in order that he may live upon this earth under conditions that make life even tolerable — that he may even in a measurable degree enjoy the fruits of his own labor — then he must, merely as a matter of self-preservation, devise some means of putting an end to war. Men may differ upon the means to be employed to accomplish the ending of all war. None other than an enemy of all mankind will dispute the necessity for providing every possible safeguard against the recurrence of Avar. Doubtless there may be those who have not sufficient faith in human intelligence and in human capacity to so organize human society as to remove tlie incentive to war. But these, — 51 — to whom has been given but little faith in man's ability to work out his own destinj^ in his upward march to the mountain peaks of human aspiration, have their vision obscured by the fogs of selfishness, and greed, and lust and pride and pretense and all the other evil passions that ever have beset the pathway of poor struggling humanity and can- not see the star of hope that guides the way. There is a ivill greater than our own, a power that will direct and lead us in the right path which will sustain us and save us from the results of our own blindness and our own folly. So long as we reso- lutely set our feet in the right path and with singleness of purpose strive to make the way easier for those who are to follow after us we may have the comforting assurance that humanity will press on and ever upward and that the goal at last may be reached. We must keep America safe and secure from absorption by those whom we cannot assimilate. The overwhelming vote against Asiatic ownership or leasing of lands is a definite expression of the people of California. We must educate the nation. All of us have work to do. No other body of citizens can work more effectively than the American Legion and I am delighted to have its entire membership' work with me towards excluding from America all undesirable— unassimilable peoples. America must also be preserved from those who would destroy it. All those who preach destruction of government should be locked up in America or locked out of America. Our beloved country in these reconstruction daj^s needs the help of every American Legion member — I know you will give it freely, wisely and unstintingly. America is a grateful land and will rejoice in assist- ing her heroic sons in every upbuilding plan for their benefit. Remembering the horrors through which we have just passed and having in mind the duty which now is upon us to do all that lies within our power to prevent a recurrence of these horrors, I am reminded of the lines in Kipling's "Recessional", with which I shall close. Ood of our fathers known of old — Lord of our farfliing battle line — Beneath whose awful hand we hold I>omiuiou over palm and pine — Lord God of Hosts be with us yet. Lest we forget, lest we forget. The tumult and th? shouting dies The Captains and the Kings depart — Still stands thine ancient sacrifice. An humble and a contrite heart. Lorcf God of Hosts be with us yet. Lest we forget, lest we forget. Far-called our navies melt away — On dune and headland sinks the fire — Lo, all our pomp of yesterday Is one with Nineveh and Tyre ! .Judge of the Nations spare us yet Lest we forget, lest we forget. AN ACT TO CREATE A STATE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE, 1917. All aft to cr:\ite a state ci>uiicil of (li't\'us(> to make investigations into tlie effect of the occurrence of war upon the civil and economic life of the people of the State of California ; to recommend to tlie Governor measures to provide for the public security, the better protection of public health, a fuller devel- opment of the economic resources of the state and the encouragement of military training : to impose upon public ofiicers certain duties in connection herewith ; and to make appropriation for the purposes of this act. The people of the State of California do enact as follows: Section 1. There is hereby created a council, known as the state council of defense to consist of not more than thirty-three members who shall be appointed by the governor, to serve at his pleasure, from among those holding public oflice under the State of California, from among the personnel of the army and navy of the United States and other branches of the national administration with the consent of federal authority, from members of the staff of the University of California and from qualified citizens of the state and nation. Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the state council of defense at once to take under consideration the effects of the occurrence of war upon the people of the State of California : to consider measures for public defense and security, for the protection of routes of communication, for the betterment and protection of public health, for the public care and assistance of individuals and classes upon whom the hardships occasioned by war would fall most heavily, for the fuller development of the resources of the state, particularly those from which are derived the supplies of food and other commodities upon which the conduct of war makes especial drain ; to encourage the military training of the citizens of the state ; to examine into measures to increase the public revenue to meet war demands and to effect the elimination of waste and extravagance ; and to consider measures to be taken to meet the exigencies of all situations occasioned by war. Sec. '.i. The governor shall be ex officio chairman of the state council of defense. He shall designate the vice chairman, and shall appoint an executive committee and such subcommittees as he shall deem advisable. He shall have power to employ such assistance and to make such expenditures as he may deem necessary to carry out the purposes of this act. He may. when he deems it expedient, dissolve the state council of defense or cause its activities to be suspended or terminated. Sec. 4. Members of the state council of defense shall serve without pay, but shall be reimbursed for their actual and necessary expenses incurred in the per- formances of their duties hereunder; provided, however, that the vice chairman shall devote his entire time to the work of the state council of defense and shall receive such compensation as the governor may determine. Sec. 5. The headquarters of said council shall be in the state capitol. but the governor may establish branch offices elsewhere and may call meetings to be held at such times and places as he may deem expedient. It shall be the duty of every public officer, board, or commission of the State of California to render to the governor nod to the state council of defense, at the request of the governor, all possible assistance and to make such investigations and supply such data as the governor may at any time require. Sec. 6. The sum of one hundred thousand dollars is hereby appropriated out of any money in the state treasury not otlierwise appropriated, to carry out the purposes of this act. The state controller is hereby authorized and directed to draw his warrants in favor of the governor from time to time, in such sums as the governor may designate, and the state treasurer is hereby authorized and directed to iiay th? same. This appropriation is hereby exempted from the operation of th'^ provisions of section six hundred seventy-two of the Political Code ; provided, hoivever, that no liability in excess of one hundred dollars shall be incurred without the approval of the governor; and provided, further, that the state council of defense shall submit to the legislature, through the governor, a report including as full a statement of the activities of the council as is consistent with the public interest, together with an account of the expenditures made by the council, or authorized by it, in as full detail as the public interest will permit. Sec. T. Inasmuch as the President of the United States has called the congress to meet in special session to consider measures for the national defense and has summoned the National Guard of the State of California, it is hereby declared that this act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace and safety, and that under the provisions of section one of article four of the constitution an urgencv exists, and this act shall take effect immediately. WAR PROCLAMATIONS AND PATRIOTIC MESSAGES NAMING OF THE STATE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE MEMBERS. April 4. 1!)1T. In selecting- the nieinbers of the State Conneil of Defense I have made an effort to secure persons especially qualified to deal with the problems outlined in the act creating the council. Scores of good names have been submitted; I feel sure that the men and women chosen will give California the very best possible service during the troublous times that threaten us. The first meeting of the State Council of Defense will be held Friday afternoon at Sacramento. The task of preparing California for whatever exigencies may arise will begin at once and go forward steadily. Members of the State Council of Defense. Aldou Anderson, UniikiT and Vvu'n Oiower. David I'. Barrows, Deau of Faculty, University of California. Charles H. Beutley, California Fruit Canners' Association. Gen. J. J. Borree, Adjutant General. California. John A. Britton, General Manager. Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Seth Brown. President. Central Labor Council. Ralph W. Bull, Publisher and Stock Raiser. John J. Byrne, I'assenger Traffic Manager, Santa Fe Railroad; Chairman Red Cross. Col. Frank W. Coe, United States Army. Mrs. Josiah Evans Cowles, President, American Fedeiatiou Women's Clubs. (i. A. Davidson, Prpsideut, Panama-California Exposition. J. (). Davis, United States Collector of Port. Edward A. Dickson. State Tax Commissioner. Edward L. Doheny. Oil I'roducer : President. Practical Patriots" Organization. George E. Ebright. Physician ; I'resident. State Board of Health. Mortimer Fleishhacker. President. Anglo-California Trust Company. Austin B. Fletcher, Chief Engineer, State Highway Commission. Frank P. Flint, Former United States Senator. John R. Haynes. Physician ; Member. State Board Charities and Corrections. Mrs. PhoebeA. Hearst. Regent, University of California. P. H. McCarthy, President. State Building Trades Council. B. B. Meek. Farmer. . Miss Ethel Moore, Social ^Vorker. A. H. Naftzger, Fruit Grower. John F. Neylan, Chairman, State Board of Control. John A. O'Connell, Secretary, San Francisco Labor Council. Chester H, Rowell, Publisher. James A. B. Scherer, President. Throop Institute of Technology. William Sproule, President, Southern Pacific Company. Chauncey Thomas. Rear Admiral. United States Navy (retired). V. S. Webb. Attorney General. California. Benjamin Ide Wheeler. President, University of California. Rav I.ymau Wilbur, President, Leland Stanford Jr. University. RESOURCES AND FOOD SUPPLY CONFERENCE PROCLAMATION. April 10-28, 1!)1T. Whereas, an emergency in our national and state affairs now exists in which it is desirable to have full information concerning the pro- duction, distribution and supply of food in the State of California, and Whereas, the Committee on Resources and Food Supply of the State Council of Defense has directed the Department of Agricultin-e of the — 5G — University of California, assisted by the State Department of Agricul- ture, State Commission of Horticulture, State Board of Health, State Veterinarian, State Market Director, the United States Forestry Serv- ice and other agencies, to hold meetings in the various counties of the state, to the end that the desired information may be expeditiously obtained. Therefore. I. William D. Stephens, Governor of the State of Califor- nia, do direct that such hearings be held, and I call upon the producers and distributors of foodstuffs to set aside their usual occupations in order to attend the conferences at the places and dates between April 16th ami 28th, alreadv announced in the various counties. FIRST LIBERTY LOAN SUBSCRIPTION APPEAL. May 14-.JUO0 15, 1917. We must remember that in this war for freedom and democracy money must be freely supplied to the government. Every man, woman and child should take as personal the appeal for subscriptions to the libertj^ loan. In the few remaining days the smallest wage earner must combine with those of larger means to let the world know that Califor- nia is doing her share. There is no safer investment than liberty bonds and there is no better evidence of patriotic service than the possession of a liberty bond. I appeal to all the people of California for an immediate and united response. RED CROSS SUNDAY PROCLAMATION. May 24. IIHT. The nation is at the present moment engaged in the noble work of placing the American Red Cross upon a war footing. To that end at least one hundred million dollars must be raised. No work could be more unselfish. No purpose more truly patriotic. It is the duty of every person within the State of California to contribute generously and whole-heartedly to the end that the nation may be amply equipped to deal with the ravages of war. To encourage that idea and to em- phasize its state-wide importance, I do hereby proclaim Sunday, May 24th, to be American Red Cross Sunday, and urge due observance of the day in every eliurch within the state. ENDORSEMENT OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF AMERICANIZATION. May 31. 1917. The three departments of the state government whose work covers the field of Americanization and immigrant education — that is, the State Board of Education, the University of California, and the Com- mission of Immigi'ation and Housing — have formed a joint connnittee — o/ to be known as ^'The California Committee of Public Agencies for Amerieanization." It will be the function of tliis committee to coordi- nate the work of the three departments in Americanization and to pre- vent overlapping and duplication of effort. Such a work will be of great value to the State of California, hut the usefulness of this committee will be very greatly increased if it can also secure the cooperation of the many semipublic and private organi- zations which have interested tliemselves in Americanization and com- munity organization. 1 bespeak for this committee the sup|)iirt and cooperation of all of the state departments, of all organizations, pulslic and private, and of all public spirited citizens of the state. STATEMENT OF THE PREPARATION FOR REGISTRATION DAY. .Tunc :;. l!)tT. Six days after the President's proclamation, setting the date for registration for the draft, I had the honor of reporting to Washington that California was prepared. It is a matter of pride that in this short time our state, with its ten cities of more than 80,000 inhabitants, with its mountains and deserts, and its great valley.s, has become closely knit for a splendid patriotic purpose. For years it has been my hope that our nation would prepare against aggression. Now that the federal government has determined to raise and equi]) an army to meet the present great emergency, onr people respond to tlie call with vigor and witli deeji appreciation of its full meaning. The state, county and city officials upon whom the i-esponsibility luis fal'en for perf(Mting the machinery of registration, have pin-fornuMl their tasks with marked ability. Only a person well acquainted with the areas of our state can fully appreciate what has been accomjilished. Thi,'-; is no ordinary election. The work of registration mnst lie done by precinct officials personally. These officials must use greatest care in writing all answers and correctly recording the details of enrollment. Upon the accuracy of this work depends the success of all subse- quent steps of the draft. All of this work in California is voluntary — a free-will offering of the people. Let us approach Registration Day with sei'iors tlmught and renewed devotion to our country. • -K -K -^ -K SELECTIVE DRAFT REGISTRATION PROCLAMATION. .Time .-., 1917. Whereas, the President of the United States has fixed June 5th, as the day upon which registration for the selective draft shall be held throughout the nation ; and, Whereas, a more accurate and swift registration may be had if the entire people devote themselves to this single purpose on Registration Day: — 58 — Now, therefore, I, William D. Stephens. Governor of the State of California, by virtue of the power and authority in me vested do hereby proclaim Tuesday, June 5, 1917, to be a public holiday. I recommend that upon Registration Day all places of business be closed between the hours of 7 a.m. and 9 p.m., except where necessity and public welfare demand otherwise. This is no ordinary holiday. It should not be observed in a litiht or thoughtless mood. The day must be approached with serious mind and full understanding- of its deeper meaning. Let us make this Registration Day throughout our state a day of service. STATEMENT OF THE RESULT OF THE DRAFT REGISTRATION. June G. 1917. I have sent the following telegram to the Provost IMar-shal General at Washington: "I have the honor to v?Port that registration in California has been completed. There have been no disturbances of any kind in any part of the state. Total number registered has far exeeodod all estimate."' California has done its part today in most gratifying fashion. County and state authorities who conducted the registration have per- formed their task faithfully and efficiently. The fact that the total number has gone far beyond expectations attests the spirit of Califor- nia. It is a matter of satisfaction and pride that we have had no dis- turbances of any consequence. The authorities everywhere were ready and the War Department advised me that federal forces were at my command. I am proud to say that there was not a single call for drastic action. We must go forward in further preparation with this same efficiency and this same patriotic spirit. MARINE CORPS ENLISTMENT WEEK PROCLAMATION. .Tune 10-1(>. 1917. ]\Iajor General George Barnett, Commandant of the United States Marine Corps, has called for fottr thousand enlistments in the week from June 10th to June ^6th, 1917. The Marine Corps is the oldest branch of our armed forces. Its his- tory is one of heroism and military efficiency. It has upheld the honor of the flag in every portion of the globe. United States Marines marched six hundred miles across an African desert to Tripoli. They were the first in the attack on Chapultepec. They led the allied forces at Peking. In recent years they have paci- fied Nicaraugua and Panama, and in recent months have administered the affairs of Haiti and Santo Domingo. The Marine Corps is an arm of the service that is always ready. It is a great honor to serve with the IMarines. California boys must see to it that during ITnited States Marine Corps Recruiting Week from June 10th to June 16th, the state's full nuota is furnished. — 59 — FLAG DAY PROCLAMATION. .hui,> 14. 1017. The attention of the i)eoi)le of onr .state sliould he direeted to the ohservance of Fhi>i' Day, Thnrschiy. Jnne 14tli, and as Governor of California I iirue that the oeeasion he devoted to renewed pledges of alle.uiance and to expression of the sentiments and ideals tliat are the spirit of our national life. The day will have an nnusual significance. The flag has now gone forward in the world carrying to distant lands its message of democracy, liberty and justice. Its presence on the bat- tle line in Europe kindles a new fervor for our flag and for what it stands. To our country and our flag we should again exju-ess our allegiance and T trust that throughout the State of California Flag Day will be celebrated with all the manifestations of the patriotic zeal that give strength and power in this time of war. -K * -K -(J -K SALVATION ARMY FUND DRIVE PROCLAMATION. August 18-28. 1017. I am a thorough believer in the work of the Salvation Army and I have long been impressed with the spirit of unselfish devotion displayed by the men and women comprising its membership. The war has created a wider field for their lieneficial services and they are to be found today side l)y side with our men on the fields of France ministering to their wants. The work which they are doing requires money. From the 18th to the 28th of August a drive will be conducted throughout the State of California to raise funds for the war service work which the Salvation Army is carrying on. I am glad to be able to call to the attention of the people of California this opportunity of supporting and invigo- rating the noble efforts of the organization. I hope that our response will be generous and that California will do her full share. I know that every dollar contributed to this fund will be spent for the benefit of our boys in the army and navy. j\[av success crown the eft'orts of the Salvation Arnn'. PROCLAMATION ON ENTRAINMENT OF THE FIRST CONTIN- GENT OF THE ARMY CREATED UNDER THE SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT. Soptemliei' ."», 1017. On September 5th the first contingent of the great American army created under the Selective Service Act will entrain in every exemption district of the State for the mobilization camp at American Lake. These mvn are going forward to otfer their lives to the end that the principles of free govermnent, upon which we base our civilization, may endure. — 60 — They must not go into that awful struggh^ without assurani es that they have the loyal and unwavering support of all of us and that they carry with them our sincere admiration and our deej) affection. Let us then on the 5th of September show to these men by public demonstration that our hearts are with them and that we wish them well. California is offering her sons to the cause of civilization. Mi\y ubli(' to do thes' things for the welfai'e of our country during the wai'. ENDORSEMENT OF BOY SCOUTS. Novpinher 30. 1!)17. AVhen I see the Boy Scouts on the trail in the country, or in camp, learning the fascinating secrets of woodcraft and enjoying the real, unaffected pleasures of camp life ; wdien I find them assuming the responsibilities of work in connection with the Red Cross or liberty loan campaigns, and note the seriousness with which they go about their tasks; when I hear of them performing duties assigned to them efficiently and well and without asking why, then I reali/e the tremen- dous value of the Boy Stout movement in shaping the chai-acter of the hoys of America. THRIFT DAY PROCLAMATION. Di'coMiiber 13. 1017. In this time of need, when every resource must be d(^veloi)ed and used to the fullest extent in order to support our armies in the field, the nation has called upon its people to forego voluntaril\-, thi'onuli tiu^ practice of patriotic s;df-denial. nuniy of the iileasui'es custouuu'y in times of peace. The lesson of thrift nnist b(^ well learned, not onl\- foi- the purpose of the w'ar but in order that it may become a fixed hal)it in coming generations of the democracy which the nation is fighting to preserve. The medium through which this national need must be brought home to every man, woman and child is the present war saving campaign. It is important that the children of today shall take a leading part in war saving, and learn w(dl the lesson of thrift. The child who saves — 62 — in the nation's lioiir of need also lavs a solid fonndation for his whole life. In order to enlist every child in California as a soldier of thrift, to teach him how to save, how to sacrifice and how to give up luxuries, I, as Governor of the State of California, do set aside Thursday, Decem- ber 13th, to be observed as Thrift Day, with appropriate exercises in all of the pubic schools of the state. -K -K -k -K * DYNAMITING OF THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. December IT, 1917. The attempted dynamiting of the executive home was probably done with a view to terrorism, which is the chief weapon of the alien enemy. Of course, dastardly acts of that character can have but one effect — that is, to make us more determined than ever to put down the enemy within our gates. Our people are at war, and the united energy of the nation ought to be directed toward the successful prosecution of that war. We will not permit acts of frightfulness to deter us from our course. As Governor, my entire energy will continue to be devoted to the task of having our state do its full share in support of the nation's patriotic program. MESSAGE TO ALL MEN OF CALIFORNIA IN THE SERVICE OF THE NATION. December 2.j, 1917. May you, on this Christmas Day, know that our hearts are with you, that we at home are striving to inspire you and invigorate you, and may you ever feel that we are all looking to the day when a victorious peace won by your courage and your strength will bring you liack to us. SMILEAGE BOOKS CAMPAIGN PROCLAMATION. January 28 — February 3', 1918. The IMilitary Entertainment Council, a special commission appointed by the Secretary of War to provide entertainment for the men of the American army now gathered together in the various mobilization camps, has adopted a scheme of raising money for such entertainment by the sale of books of tickets of admission to the various theatrical and other performances to be held under the direction of this commit- tee. These books have been called "Smileage Books" and are to be had in two sizes, one of twenty coupons for $1, the other of one hundred coupons for $5. The Military Entertainment Council desires the gen- eral public to purchase these books and to send them to their soldier friends in the army at the mobilization camps. The committee intends — 63 — to carry on a campaign dnring the week beginning Jaiiiiai-y 2Stli for the sale of the "Smileage Books." I feel that the entertainment of the men of the army is a matter of great importance to all of ns. We cannot expect to win the war unless our troops go to France with a morale more vigorous ami more aggres- sive than that of the enemy. To obtain that morab' they need, in addi- tion to the hard grind of military training, entertainment of a whole- some and interesting sort. The people of the State of California can assure such entertainment in the mobilization cam})s by the purchase of "Smileage Books." 1 do therefore heartily approve and endorse the campaign for the sale of these books, and trust that in the week beginning January 28th all persons will render to the connnittee their sincere aid and assistance in carrying out the campaign. TAG-YOUR-SHOVEL-DAY PROCLAMATION. January 30, 191S. The United States Fuel Administration, in order to emphasize the necessity for saving fuel, has decided to observe January 30, 1918, as " Tag-Your-Shovel Day." On that day tags pointing out means and methods of saving fuel are to be distributed and placed on coal shovels by the school children. The important object of this movement in Cali- fornia is that economy be exercised in the use of fuel in order that car space and motive power ordinarily used to transport coal into this state can be released for the use of those parts of the country where the demand for coal and the suifering because of lack of it are more acute. I feel that it is the duty of every citizen of California to do all that he can to assist in this work. I do therefore designate and set apart January 30, 1918. as "Tag- Your-Shovel Day," and I hope that in each school throughout the state appropriate exercises will be held during that day to emi)hasize the move for fuel economy and the value of the part that school children may take in such work, and that all persons will do their utmost to aid the efforts of the Fuel Administration toward saving- coal. -k -K • -K -K SHIPYARD VOLUNTEER PROCLAMATION. February .5, 191S. To win the war our first need is ships and to build ships our first need is earnest skilled labor. In order that these needed ships may be quickly available, practically every shipyard in the United States, under our government's urging, is increasing and in som(» instances doubling its present capacity. To turn out this greatly increased volume of cargo-carrying vessels, a great industrial army — a huge additional force to those already in the shipbuilding service — must be recruited. — 64 — In order that it may readily lay its hand upon and make availal)le every class of skilled labor that can be pressed into voluntary service in speeding up its shipbuilding campaign, our government is seeking to enroll every artisan and mechanic who can be utilized and who is not now engaged in shipbuilding. The plan is to call upon and put to work at standard wages these volunteers who enroll themselves, as will- ing to accept work with the government. They will be given employ- ment just as rapidly as they may be needed in the scores of big ship- building plants in various parts of the country. They will be called into service in such fashion as to disturb as little as possible manufacturing conditions throughout the country. California's quota of the 250,000 men, which it is sought to enroll in this big shipbuilding reserve, is 11,500. Alread.y many hundreds of such workers in California have sent in their names to the United States Shipbuilding Board at Washington l)ut many hundreds more are needed. It is a service on which hangs the fate of our army in France and of our allies the world over. Registration bureaus where such skilled workers can secure registra- tion cards and enroll themselves, have been opened in every county in the state under the auspices of county councils of defense. All branches of the Federal Free Employment Bureau and of the State Free Employ- ment Bureau also are registering such Avorkers. Every worker in Cali- fornia who desires to be of patriotic service to his country should enroll himself as one of those wlio will respond to the government's call in its time of need. LETTER OF SYMPATHY TO A MOTHER WHOSE SON WAS LOST IN THE SINKING OF THE STEAMSHIP TUSCANIA. February 7, 1918. Please permit me to express the sorrow which we all share in this hour of your great bereavement. Tender words cannot keep back the tears which give expression to our grief, but the contemplation of the cause for M^hich he gave his young life cannot but be a source of exceeding pride to you, as it is an inspiration to the thousands who now claim him as their own. To have died in defense of our country's flag is to live forever in the affection and esteem of all our people. No greater tribute can be paid to man than to have it said, "He died a patriot." Stanley Collins gave his life for the land he loved — for home and mother. He died a patriot. On behalf of all our people, may I convey to you, his mother, the love we all feel, the honor we all render and the gratitude that is deep in our hearts. — 65 — JUNIOR RED CROSS ENROLLMENT. Fchniary 10. 10 IS. The National Junior Red Cross is desirous of having ever\- school in the United States enrolled with all its pupils as an auxiliary of the Junior Red Cross. The object of this is to o'et all the boys and girls to do their share in patriotic work. Every school should teach patriotism. Every child should learn lessons of patriotism, thrift, industry, food production and conserva- tion, and service, and tliere is no better way of doing this than by giving service at this time. I therefore ask that the school teachers and school pupils of California respond whole-heartedly to this call of duty. Let us try to havt' a full enrollment before Washington's Birthday. UNITED STATES BOYS' WORKING RESERVE PROCLAMATION. March IS, 191S. To increase the supply of farm labor a movement has been inaugu- rated by the Secretary of Labor to enroll all boys in the country between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years in the United States Boys' Working Reserve. Every high school principal in California has been commissioned enrollment officer. An opportunity is thus given to the boys below draft age to render a service to their country of the highest degree. Especially in Cali- fornia where on account of the favorable season the crop will be enormous, are the services of the boys between these ages of the greatest value. I know that every boy in California is anxious to serve his country and to help win the war, and by enrolling in the United States Boys' Working Reserve he will show to the people of this state and nation that he is willing to do all that he can to that end. I hope that the movement will have the support and encouragement of all parents and that the boys will do their part in harvesting California's crops. THIRD LIBERTY LOAN STATEMENT. .Vr)i-ii ."). lOis. Again those of us who cannot go to the front and take a part in the actual battles that our country is waging in the cause of liberty are to have an opportunity of rendering a great service to our country. The government has decided to call upon us again to lend it a part- of our savings. Let none of us fail to go down into our pockets and lend to the nation to the utmost limit of our ability and let us each remember the government is asking very little indeed of us when it asks us merely to lend it our money at a good rate of interest. It might well ask us to give it and if it did it would be our duty to give it without stint. And let us also bear in mind the thought that the more freely we use — 66 our money to strengthen the arm of the nation the more speedily will the war end and glorious victory be brought to our arms. While the people of California have exhibited unparalleled patriotism in their subscriptions to the first and second liberty loans I trust that they will answer the present call of the government with even greater generosity and pile up a total subscription that will stand as a monu- ment to their loyalty and their belief in the principles of democracy. WIN THE WAR DAY PROCLAMATION. April €i, 191S. One year ago today the United States of America took its place beside the nations which are hazarding their existence to the end that the evils of autocracy may be obliterated. During that year we have accomplished much. We have trained and equipped an enormous army; we have taught ourselves the lessons of food conservation; but the greatest of our deeds has been the absolute unification of the patriotic spirit of the people in support of the stand the nation has taken. By the strength of that spirit w^e and our brave allies are waging this war and by that strength we will win it. I believe that on this day we should take some time to pledge our- selves anew to the cause for which w^e fight and to thank (jrod for the success we have thus far had. THIRD LIBERTY DAY PROCLAMATION. April 26, 1918. President Wilson has declared Friday, the 26th day of April, as Lib- erty Day and has asked the people of this nation to pledge themselves anew on that day to support the nation's cause by the power of their financial strength. With that request I am in hearty accord. We must spare no effort to make the third liberty loan an overwhelming success in order that our enemies may know that the American people are resolved to win this war no matter what the cost may be. I therefore urge that stores and all public places be closed on the afternoon of that day and that the people in every city and town and the country districts join in patriotic demonstrations and I also urge that the mayors and other governing authorities join with their respec- tive liberty loan committees to make the celebration a powerful factor in the drive for subscriptions. For the purpose of participating in Liberty Day celebrations all employees of the state government throughout the state whose services can be spared may be excused at 12:00 o'clock noon Friday, the 26th day of April. — 67 — EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGN PROCLAMATION. May ."•). VJIS. The successful prosecution of the war demands the services of men and women of high and thorough training- along all lines of human endeavor. After the war is over, there will be an urgent need for care- ful, intelligent leadership in our industrial, commercial, social and civic life. On that account our school system must be kept at full efficiency for the period of the war. The Department of the Interior, through its Bureau of Education, with the approval of the President of the United States, has instituted a comprehensive campaign for the support of the schools all over the United States and as Governor of California I desire to urge upon the people of this state not to relax in their efforts to ^maintain in our schools the splendid efficiency that has been a source of pride to us for many years and to do everything possible toward their constant improvement during the period of the war to the end that the oppor- tunities for education may not be diminished and that the best inter- ests of the nation mav be served. MOTHERS' DAY PROCLAMATION. May 12, 191S. The great traged.v of the war is the anxious and aching hearts of the mothers of our soldier boys. In contemplation of their tears and of their sublime heroism, we are stirred to the depths in sympathy and respect. Next Sunday will be observed in the trenches by writing letters to inothers at home. We must be ever mindful of those whose sons have gone to the front and try to sustain them in their misgivings and their griefs. We should, on Mothers' Day, May 12th, ask Almighty God to protect all mothers, but particularly should we ask Him to hearten and comfort the mothers who are longing for the safe return of their courageous sons. APPEAL TO TEACHERS FOR COOPERATION IN THE WAR SAVINGS CAMPAIGN. May 10. 191S. In cooperation with the government in the war savings plan the teachers of California have an opportunity of rendering service the value of which can not be estimated. The government desires to spread information with reference to its war savings campaign in every pos- sible manner. It desires to inculcate in tlie minds of all children the importance of mobilizing the tinancial resources of the country and the idea of bringing that mobilization about by intelligent savings of small sums. If the children of the country can be infused with the idea that in this way they can help their country and can take an active part in — 68 — the waging and winning of the war the results will exceed the most san- gTiine estimates. We all know how anxious children are to take some part and how whole-hearted they are in their endeavors when once their interest is aroused. I firmly believe that the teachers of the state can, by constant daily instruction and explanation, make each child under their care a potent factor in the general savings campaign. I hope that the school teachers will put their whole heart in this work and that they will assist and encourage the idea in every manner pos- sible. We must win the war and from my knowledge of the character of the people of this state and this nation I know that we will win the war but I also know that to bring that result about every one of us must use his unstinted effort in carrying out the financial plans of the gov- ernment. We greatly appreciate the patriotic service already ren- dered by the teachers of California and now request that they con- tinue to put forth their individual and united strength towards spread- ing the war savings idea. FARM LABOR PROCLAMATION. May IS, 191S. The gathering of crops in California during the approaching har- vest season is a matter of serious concern to which the state must imme- diately direct its attention. The farmers of California have in a spirit of splendid loyalty responded to the appeals of the government to increase production. They have done all that a patriotic people could do to help meet the food crisis. Now that they have done their part, it remains for those in other industries to be ready to give their aid in the critical situation that is likel}' to confront our state. The immediate solution is to ask persons who never before have turned their hands to farm labor to help the farmer bring in the crop. We must go to the cities and ask men, women and children to help in the harvest. We must ask them to turn aside from their regular occu- pations, unless they are engaged in essential war work, to give up their vacations and to offer themselves to the farmers of the state. This is a call for volunteers for an army that will serve in the way of a second line of defense. Offices under the supervision of the State Employment Bureau will be maintained in the larger cities ; offices will also be maintained in smaller places during the crop gathering periods, to which volunteers can report for information and instruction. At these places men spe- cially cjualified will be stationed, to the end that efficient and direct service can be had. The employers of such labor will be required to furnish proper hous- ing of those who volunteer and, wherever other facilities are not avail- able, camps will be in.stalled under proper supervision. In order that it may be ascertained how many of our citizens will volunteer for this work, and when their services can be used, I call upon all those who will be able to give their aid, to enroll at the office — 69 — of the State Employment Bnrean, or of any of the other organizations giving special attention to this work; and, in enrolling, to state when their services will be available, the kind of work preferred, etc. Such communications as are sent to my office in Sacramento will be referred to the proper bureau. Tt is highly important that every source of labor suj^ply be availed of. Where feasible, employers in nonessential industries should give leaves of absence to employees who will volunteer. Among those cooperating in this movement are the P'ederal Emphiy- ment Service for the Pacific Coast, the State Employment Bureau, the Farm Labor Committee of the State Council of Defense, the United States Public Service Reserve, the Agricultural Department of the I'^niversity of California including the farm advisers, the State Hor- ticultural Commissioner and his deputies, the Immis'ration and Hous- ing Commission, the Industrial Welfare Connnission. the Women's Land Army, and other organizations. Further details of this very important enterprise to save the crops of California are being worked out and the public will be advised as the plans proceed, but the particular purpose of this proclamation is to urge every available person to enroll to the end that our solemn obligation to give our maximum to tlie world's supplv of food be ful- filled. ITALY DAY PROCLAMATION. May 24. tOlS. I have been advised by the Honorable Robert Lansing, Secretary of State, that President Wilson has directed that on INIay 24th, the third anniversary of the entrance of Italy into the war, the Italian flag be displayed on all public buildings of the United States. I know that the people of California are sincere in their admiration of the heroism Italy has displayed in this war and I therefore request that as an outward symbol of that feeling the Italian flag be displayed on May 24th on all public buildings. BUY COAL WEEK PROCLAMATION. June 3-S. 1918. The problem of transportation of munitions, food, and other neces- sities from interior points to the seacoast is one of the most vital with w^hich the government has to deal in these times of stress. Particularly during the winter is it difficult to keep the trains moving to the extent that is necessary if we are to keep the men at the front supplied. The Fuel Administration is urging the people who consume coal to buy their coal now in order that it may be transported during the summer season and the railroads relieved of the congestion caused by the enor- mous traffic in coal during the winter months. It is also desired that — 70 — production in the coal mines be kept at the maximum during the sum- mer and if we all order ovir coal now the mines will operate at greater capacity than ordinarilj^ during the summer season. At the suggestion of the Fuel Administrator, I do therefore desig- nate the week of June 3d to June 8th as "Buy Coal Week," and I hope that everyone will, during this week, place their orders for next win- ter's fuel for delivery during the summer months. FLAG DAY PROCLAMATION. June 14, 1918. Ever since the day Betsy Ross stitched together the Stars and Stripes our flag has stood for the freedom of mankind. Not once has it been borne into battle for a cause other than the establishment and protec- tion of human liberties. Until the beginning of this war, we have fought only that our own freedom or that of peoples dependent upon us might not be swept aside. Today, however, the forces of the United States fight on foreign soil as an ally of foreign nations for the freedom of the world and at their head flies the Stars and Stripes twined with the Union Jack, the Tri- color and the flags of our other noble allies. Under such circumstances the celebration of Flag Day, June 14th, should enlist the enthusiastic interest and support of us all. I urge that assemblages be held in all communities; that the Star Spangled Banner be sung and the pledge of allegiance to our flag rencAved. NATIONAL WAR SAVINGS DAY PROCLAMATION. June 28, 1918. One of the very important phases of individual work toward win- ning the war is the saving of money and the investment of it in the securities of the United States. Our government, in the equipping of our war forces, buys every sort of material that the individual uses in his daily life. At this time we should encourage the purchase of thrift stamps and war savings stamps. By this means an avenue of saving is thrown open to every individual. Those W'hose means do not permit of large savings can nevertheless, by depriving themselves in a very small degree, invest in war savings stamps, and by so doing they will be of direct assistance and benefit to the nation. The National War Savings Committee, through its subcommittees in the various states, is organizing war savings societies to encourage ty > habit of thrift and small savings. June 28th has been set aside by tL-. President as National War Savings Day in order to emphasize the importance of the work which is being done. The people of California are expected by the nation to save and invest in war savings stamps to the value at maturity of $61,345,980. We have responded nobly to the various calls made by the government for the liberty loan. Our Red — 71 — Cross memberships and subscriptions have been so great that we are very proud of our record. Let us be equally successful in our war savings campaign. To assure that result, I urge all persons to become members of war savings societies, to encourage, by all possible means, investment in war savings stamps and thrift stamps and join with their respective war savings committees in celebrating National War Sav- insrs Dav. LOYALTY DAY STATEMENT. July 4, 191S. The foreign-born citizens of the United States have sent a petition to President Wilson announcing their intention of celebrating the next Independence Day as Loyalty Day to demonstrate their love for their country and its cause. President Wilson has heartily approved of their intention. As Governor of California I wish to express my apprecia- tion of the spirit that has prompted such a petition. We should encour- age by every possible means the development in our foreigii-born popu- lation of the spirit of loyalty to this country. We should do our utmost to make those from foreign lands who become citizens of this nation realize the obligation which they owe to the country of their choice for the privileges which are accorded them here. They should be citi- zens in thought and in inspiration as well as in fact. I hope that in all celebrations held in California, on the Fourth of July, an especial effort will be made to bring in our foreign-born citi- zens as participants in order that they may have an opportunity to show the patriotism they have in their hearts. California, particularly, has a large population born in other lands and should leave nothing undone to weld that population together as a body of citizens whose loyalty is pledged to this nation. By so doing not only will the foreign born receive the greatest benefit from their American citizenship, but the American born will acquire the great benefits that come from a mixed people. INDEPENDENCE DAY PROCLAMATION. .Tilly 4, 1918. The Fourth of July of 1918 will have a new appeal to the men and women of the United States. The fires of a genuine patriotism are burning as never before in the history of our country. In this time of travail and sacrifice, a new America is being born. Our people are, in the common cause of developing a national spirit vital to our institu- tions. The hyphen has disappeared and no more is there to be classi- fication of citizenship. We are all one, a nation united and resolute. The spirit of this new brotherhood is invincil)le, and Kaiserism cannot Avithstand it. — 72 — FALL OF THE BASTILE ANNIVERSARY PROCLAMATION. July 14, 1918. On the 14:tli of July the Republic of France will celebrate the one hundred and twenty-ninth anniversary of the fall of the Bastile and the l)irth of her freedom. It is fitting that on that day we should do honor to our heroic ally by displaying the colors of the United States and of France. In such manner we can in some measure acknowledge our ancient debt to France and symbolize our union with her in the cause of human freedom. ' -(< -K M -K -K STUDENT NURSES 'reserve PROCLAMATION. July 29, 1918. The California Woman's Council of the National Council of Defense has asked California to furnish one thousand women to enroll in the Student Nurses Reserve. Enrollment will begin July 29th. I am sure that in this call many women will find the opportunity for which they have been looking since the outbreak of the war, an oppor- tunity' of receiving training that will ultimately fit them for actual nursing in the field of battle. Women can render no greater service to their nation than to bind the wounds and ease the suffering of those who have fallen in battle. May California's response to the call be immediate and overwhelming! PROCLAMATION FOR THE PURCHASE OF WAR SAVINGS STAMPS ON ADMISSION DAY. September 9, 1918. I have been asked by the War Savings Committee for Northern California to designate Admission Day, September 9th, as a special day for the purchase of war savings stamps and for the redemption of pledges made heretofore for the purchase of such stamps and for the anticipation of such pledges insofar as possible. In the enthusiasm aroused by the victories of our men on the west front we must not forget our duty to continue to save and to lend our savings to the government for only by so doing can we keep our strength at its highest point. I feel that we cannot over-emphasize the importance of the investment of every dollar we can spare in war savings securities. I do, therefore, take pleasure in designating Sep- tember 9, 1918, as a special day for the purchase of war savings stamps and trust that on that day all of those who have heretofore pledged themselves to purchase such stamps will redeem their pledges insofar as possible and those who have already redeemed their pledges Avill purchase additional stamps to the extent of their ability. — 73 — SELECTIVE DRAFT REGISTRATION PROCLAMATION. Sei)toml)Oi- 12. IDI.S. The Presideut of the United States has fixed September 12, 1918, as the day upon wliieli all men, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, who have not registered heretofore, shall register for the selective draft. It is necessary in order to carry out the said registration accurately and completely that the entire people devote themselves to that single purpose on the day designated. Therefore, I, AVilliam D. Stephens, Governor of the State of Cali- fornia, by virtue of the power and authority in me vested do hereby proclaim Thursday, September 12, 1918, to be a public holiday. I do hereby recommend to all municipal and county authorities hav- ing jurisdiction that they see to it that all saloons are closed on that day between the hours of 7 a.m. and 9 p.m. GAS MASK STATEMENT. ScptcmluT 20. mis. I can think of no better work that the young num and women of the Los Angeles city schools can do toward winning the war at the present time than to devote themselves to saving fruit seeds or pits and nut shells for the })urpose of making charcoal for the gas masks. The gas mask used by the American troops is the most effective of any that has been designed for the use of the allied armies. The charcoal made out of nut shells and fruit pits is absolutely essential for this gas mask. Without the masks the casualties among our troops would be far in excess of those we now suffer. Each of you should make it your duty to see that every nut shell and every pit is saved by your families, and, furthermore, you should endeavor to collect as many as possible of the seeds of ornamental date palms, which are so plentiful in southern California, as these seeds also make the best grade of charcoal. I know that all of you are anxious to do everything that you can to win the war, and I am sure that an earnest eft'ort on your part along the lines I have mentioned will be of very great eft'ect. FOURTH LIBERTY LOAN PROCLAMATION. September 2S. 1918. One hundred and fifty thousand sons of California have gone to the war. They have pledged their very lives to fight till the terrible menace of Prussian autocracy has been forever destroyed. The supreme duty for us at home is to give them the strength that will enalile them to end the war on their own terms and to end it (juickly. — Ti- ll! the fourth liberty loan lies our opportunity to prove to them our uualtera])le purpose to support them to the end and our determi- nation to bring them home victorious. We cannot approximate the sacrifice they are making, but we can furnish them with the material means that will insure success. No man who stands for the principles on which this nation is founded will fail to respond to the nation's call to the utmost extent of his ability. California must and will do her full dutv. FOURTH LIBERTY DAY PROCLAMATION. October 12, 191S. The task of raising California's quota of the fourth liberty loan is the most momentous one that has faced us since the declaration of war. Every man and woman nnist make it their first business to see to it that they subscribe to the utmost extent of their ability. If they do less than that, this state, which so far has met every call of the nation with an overwhelming response, may fail to do its share. October 12th has been designated by the President as Liberty Day. Being Discovery Day it is also a legal holiday. It should be celebrated by every citizen in this state working to one end — the success of the libertv loan. BUY ANOTHER BOND APPEAL. October 12, 1918. Although I have already subscribed all I thought I could afford, I am now borrowing to take another liberty l)ond. I think it the duty of every citizen to buy every dollar's worth of bonds in this fourth liberty loan he can in any way handle. We must show Germany that we are whole-heartedly and unreservedly back of our boys and our flag; and that we shall fight on until unconditional surrender has been made by Germany's army and navy, by the Kaiser and his war lords too. Adecjuate and satisfactory guarantee must also be made by Ger- many that she will make restitution and reparation to all those nations she has so grievously wronged. Let every man do his full duty now. Buy another bond if possible. PLANS FOR RECONSTRUCTION OUTLINED TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE STATE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE. November 1, 1918. Among the problems growing out of the war is the very serious one of making provision for our returning soldiers and for the industrial readjustment and reconstruction that will follow the restoration of peace. Especially must we be concerned with questions affecting the welfare of our brave defenders. Many of them will be seriously maimed and — (0 crippled, and their rehal)ilitation and reeducation constitute a problem that should eonunand our very best thought. Also there must be made provision for those who will he physically sound, and who will be anxious to re-enter as speedily as possible the normal occupations. For months past, various of our state departments have been devot- ing a great deal of earnest thought and attention to these problems. Some very excellent ideas have been advanced and are now being worked out to meet the industrial situation that will follow when not only our soldiers return but when the thousands now engaged in ship- luiilding and kindred war activities here at home are no longer engaged in those branches. What is urgently needed is a central agency to survey the entire field and to work out a unified, comprehensive after-the-war program, that may serve as a basis for recommendations to the legislature. I have had under consideration several plans, but have concluded that the State Council of Defense, under your able directorship, is best equipped to undertake this important task. If you and your associates on the State Council of Defense are willing to assume this responsibility I can bespeak the earnest cooperation of all state departments. Among the officials and departments that will be especially interested in this work are the Attorney General, Con- troller, Adjutant General, State Board of Control, Railroad Commis- sion, Land Settlement Board, Industrial Welfare Commission, Com- mission of Horticulture, State INIarket Commission, University of Cali- fornia, State Labor Bureau, State Board of Health, Industrial Accident Commission, State Water Commission, Immigration and Housing Com- mission and State Board of Education. The problem is a broad one, and will touch practically every phase of the social and economic life of our people. If we would avoid the industrial dislocation that naturally^ would follow the sudden release of so many workers from war service, w^e must give immediate attention to certain constructive policies that the new conditions will require. Among the subjects which should form at least the basis for a study of the general field are the following : 1. The development of new constructional projects for the immediate employ- ment of our soldiers after demobilization and until they have been distributed back into their normal occupations. Among projects of this character are waste waters, the development of irrigation and reclamation undertakings, highway construction, etc. 2. Closely related to the above is the utilization of California's limitless hydro- electrical energy to its fullest possibility. Nothing could better stimulate our progress in manufacturing. 3. Extension of Califoiniia's plan of land settlement and colonization. This plan makes provision for land settlement through state aid, and is the most advanced step taken by any state along this line. I hope that this splendid project will be developed so that our state can offer to returning soldiers the opportunity to secure farms and homes of their own. 4. Labor problems resulting from demobilization problems not only of the returned soldiers but of the men and women now engaged in war work, and in occupations affected by the war. 5. Industrial readjustment resulting from demobilization. 6. Rehabilitation and reeducation of returned soldiers, utilizing wherever possible existing public institutions such as the State School for the Blind, Polytechnic Schools, etc. — 76 — 7. Development, through our universities and schools, of scientific research and technical education as an aid to industry. 8. Survey of California's agricultural areas to determine if land is being put to its greatest economic use. 9. Finding foreign markets so as to be prepared for the cheap water transportation that will come when the present government-owned shipping is no longer needed for war purposes ; also preparation of their harbors for handling the world's shipping. 10. Organizing California's agricultural, horticultural and other industries for in- creased production and to provide plans for quickly assembling and market- ing our products. 11. Study of employment problems in all industries so as to prevent, as far as possible, non-employment, either of returned soldiers or of those now engaged in war industries ; also, the consideration of a minimum wage that will insure the maintenance of the American standard of living. 12. Consideration of plans for readjusting and stabilizing food prices and for reducing as swiftly as possible the high cost of living. ARMISTICE DAY PROCLAMATION. November 11, 191S. In order that we may fittingly celebrate the cessation of hostilities, I. William D. Stephens, Governor of the State of California, by virtue of the authority vested in me do hereby declare IMonday, November 11, 1918, to be a pul)li{' holiday. UNITED WAR WORK CAMPAIGN PROCLAMATION. November 11, 1918. On November 11th there will be instituted throughout this country the United War Work drive to raise a fund to support the work of the Y. M. C. A., Y. W. C. A., National Council, Catholic Council, Jewish Welfare Board, Salvation Army, War Camp Community Ser- vice, and the American Library Association. These are the organizations which provide for our men at the front and in the training camps at home the recreation, comforts and social life that is so necessary for their well being. Their representatives have gone into the very front line of battle. Many of them have given their lives in the service. Those at home should give them united and generous support. Even if the long hoped for victory comes in the very near future, it will be many months before our boys can be brought home to us. Those months will be long and dreary ones for them and we should do our utmost to lighten their hours. By an immediate and generous response to this call, we will send to California's sons in the nation's service another tangible message of good cheer and another proof of our devotion to them. — 77 — TRIBUTE TO THE RELATIVES OF CALIFORNIA'S HERO DEAD. November 11, IDIS. This is indeed a happy day for all the world, and we of California, conscious of having done our full part, join in the manifestations of joy with true patriotic fervor. California's war record is one of which every citizen may be proud. Our contribution in men, in money and in materials has been second to no state in the union. More than five hundred gold stars in our state's service flag tell of the heroic sacrifice that our loyal sons have made in defense of world freedom and world democracy. To the mothers, the fathers and the wives of our brave defenders, I wish, on behalf of the State of California, to pay an especial tribute of love and affection. Their sacrifice has not been in vain. Great is our joy. Great also, is our responsibility. Victory has crowned our standard, but victory has brought with it serious problems of reconstruction to which we must now turn with the same earnest enthusiasm that marked our participation in the war. "We face a future full of glowing promise. To a gracious Providence we render thanks on this day of rejoicing. ENDORSEMENT OF THE WORK OF THE VICTORY BOYS AND GIRLS IN THE UNITED WAR WORK CAMPAIGN. November 14, 1918. I am glad to add my endorsement to the work of the Victory Boys and Victory Girls in the United "War Work campaign. The brave men in our forces at home and abroad have done a noble part in the great victory that has been achieved. Demobilization will take a long time, and we must make it certain that during that period our men are kept in the highest spirits. An overwhelming response to the call of the United "War activities Avill insure that result. PROCLAMATION FOR THE USE OF HOME PRODUCTS ON THANKSGIVING DAY. November 22. 1918. I desire to draw to the attention of the people of California the suggestion that has come from the national government at Washington that home products be utilized in Thanksgiving dinners in order to fur- ther the conservation of food and to help relieve the burden on the coun- try's transportation facilities. The need of cooperation on the part of the households of America in giving their aid to meeting the world's food problems continues to be urgent. Starvation confronts millions of people in Europe, and it is chiefly from our storehouses that relief must be obtained. The splendid response that the people of this country have shown during the war — 78 — helped to meet successfully some very critical situation^ among the allied countries where shortage had become very acute. These con- ditions in Europe have not abated and real service can be given in complying with all such suggestions, as this one coming from the national authorities. THANKSGIVING DAY PROCLAMATION. November 22, 191S. By proclamation of the President of the United States, Thursday, the 28th day of November, has been designated a day of thanksgiving and prayer. Never before in the history of our country has there been such occasion for praise to Almighty God. The most cruel war of the centuries has come to an end. America has done a proud part in the great cause for right and justice, and the generations to come will honor the memory of the brave men who gave their lives in order that the peoples on this earth might be free. Those who have suffered loss of loved ones find a measure of solace in contemplation of what the sacrifice means for human liberty. The world's freedom is now secure. Peace — we hope enduring peace — is now at hand. Our men sent overseas have helped to establish a new Christian fraternity among the nations. Justice has triumphed over the heartlessness of might. The women and children of all lands are safe. It has been our privilege in California to give a generous measure of aid in the conflict. We have provided in full measure from our abundant production of food ; we have rallied to the call of the national government in its financial needs ; and we have supplied more than our quota of men for the armies. We are grateful that we have been able thus to serve the nation. Now, therefore, I, William D. Stephens, Governor of California, do hereby declare the said 28th day of November, 1918, to be a legal holiday for thanksgiving and prayer. WORLD RELIEF WEEK PROCLAMATION. December 1-7, 191S. The responsibility of America to feed a starving world is being brought home to the people of the United States during the week of December 1st to 7th, through the United States Food Administration. Mr. Hoover is now in Europe at the direction of the President for the purpose of ascertaining definitely the part which America must play in rescuing humanity from starvation during the next six months. Now, therefore, I, William D. Stephens, Governor of the State of California, do hereby set aside the week of December 1st to 7th to be known as World Relief Week, in conformity with similar action being taken by all states of the Union, during which our people are asked to give special consideration to the message which will be brought them through speakers and the press upon this subject of vital human necessity. — 79 — BRITISH DAY PROCLAMATION. December 7, 1!)1S. In tribute to the British people for their splendid part in winning the great world war and in furtherance of the new spirit of good will and cooperation between nations that has grown out of the war, plans have been set on foot for the observance by the people of the United States, of Saturday, the seventh of December, as British Day. Any such movement to inculcate international friendship and cordial understanding enlists our earnest interest and approval. The debt civilization owes to Great Britian cannot be measured. With the allied nations she stood valiantly and Avith untold sacrifice until cruel and wanton autocracy Avas utterlv crushed. Such manifestations of appreciation and good will as have been planned for December 7th will tend greatly to cement the bonds of international friendship. Most earnestly do I appeal to the people of California to join heartily in paying tribute to our fellow-men and women of the British Empire. RED CROSS MEMBERSHIP PROCLAMATION. December 0-2:!. ]!)1S. The end of the war has brought with it no cessation of the labors of the Red Cross. The evacuation of occupied territory by the enemy has vastly increased the work of rehabilitation of the devastated countries, the succor of the homeless and of the friendless, and the feeding of the starving. The need for a large and active membership in the society is greater than ever. Last year under the inspiration of actual war the people of this state thronged to join the Red Cross. This year the opportunity presented to us of world-wide charity should be equally inspiring. During the period between December 9th and 23d, the Red Cross is carrying on a drive for membership known as the Christmas Roll Call and presenting to all of us an opportunity to become members of that great organization and to take part in the noble work it is doing. We should all be intensely proud if we could say to the world that every citizen of California was a member of the Red Cross, and I hope that the people of this state will make the realization of the idea their goal during the period of the drive. We can do no greater thing at this time. APPRECIATION OF THE SERVICES OF THE 91ST DIVISION. December 1-5, 191S. The future generations of Californians will take great pride in the part played by this state in the great war lately brought to a close. Over 150,000 men went to the colors in this state under the draft and bv enlistment. — 80 — The fanners of Califuniia supplied to the army and navy, and par- ticularly to the allies, a g'reater quantity of food than any other state in the union. Every call of the lil)erty loan or for the supi)ort of the various war activities was met and oversubscribed. The women of the state by their work in the Red Cross cauteen service and the Y. W. C. A. sup- plied to the fi'i'htiuo^ forces vast quantities of clothing and foodstulTs and rendered services never before equalled. In all of these things California was at the forefront, but I believe that the most decisive factor toward the winning of the war that this state contributed was the bravery, the heroism and the unheard of energy of the men from California who fought in the battle of the Argonne and later on the crossing of the river Scheldt in Belgium with the Ninety-tirst Division. Their audacity and resourcefulness has been commended by our allies as well as by the commander of our own army, and I am sure their conduct will go down in history as California's proudest tradition. COMMUNITY DAY PROCLAMATION. In order to preserve to the State of California the social and moral asset which it has acquired through the development of the cooperative spirit during the war, and in order to weld our people into a more per- fect democracy. I hereby appoint Friday, December 27, 1918, as Com- munity Day, and call upon all leaders of war activities, all state, county, and city officials, as well as all other public spirited citizens to join in the movement, and to urge their friends and neighbors to join in the movement inaugurated by the State Council of Defense, to the end that on that day a community council will be organized in every community district in California. The idea of community organization has already been endorsed by the President and other national author- ities. During the Christmas season let us thus put the spirit of peace and good will into practical application. APPRECIATION OF THE SERVICES OF THE CALIFORNIA COLORED TROOPS. December 28. tOlS. I am glad of an oppoi'tunity to express my admiration for the colored troops from this state who so bravely fought for their country in the ^^'ar just brought to a close. Colored troops have shown themselves to be unsurpassed in courage and in devotion to duty, and in the battles on the western front they have made their place secure for all time on the roll of the nation's heroes. 81 — AVe of California ai-c proud of tliciii aiul we will wclcoinc Humii honie' with the enthusiastic appreciation that is clue to men who have risked their all for the liberty of their country. God grant that they may return soon and that the victoi-y which they have helped to win will make forever impossible anothei' such woi'hl traeedv. ARMENIAN-SYRIAN RELIEF DAY PROCLAMATION. January 12. I'.ni). The hearts of the American people have been torn by the storj^ of the suffering' of the S^yrian and Armenian peoples during the last four years. Ground for centuries under the heel of Turkish oppression, they have, since the beginning of the war, undergone untold cruelties and unspeakable outrages. One of the greatest tasks of reconstruction that faces us is that of relief to these destitute peoples. In our happin&ss over the coming of peace we will be lacking in the spirit of Cbristian charity if we over- look the martyred inhabitants of these lands. In order to emphasize our duty in this matter I take pleasure in des- ignating Sunday, January 12, 1919, as Armenian-Syrian Relief Day, Avith the hope that the people of California will give freely and cheer- fullv to this worthv cau.se. ENLISTMENT WEEK PROCLAMATION. .lanuary '2') — February 1, 101!). With the approach of another harvest season plans are being per- fected under the auspices of the Department of the Interior and the Bureau of Education to enlist throughout the nation 5,000,000 boys and girls in the United States School Garden Army for the purpose of encouraging the planting of gardens and the production of home gi'own vegetables and fruits. Last year this movement resulted in the production of thousands of tons of food stuffs, thereby releasing for shipment to our allies and to the starving peoples of the devastated countries large quantities of food that otherwise could not have been spared. The necessit}^ of feed- ing the people of certain of the allied nations has with the coming of peace, become more critical than ever before, and, consequently, we should develop with greater energy our plans for increased production here at home. To emphasize the importance of this movement, I hereby designate and set apart the week beginning January 25th, as Enlistment Week, during which time it will be the endeavor of those in charge of the movement in California to enlist 150,000 school children of this state in the United States School Garden Army. I heartily approve the plan announced, and I hope that all persons, particularly those having chil- dren old enough to take part in the movement, will give it their loyal support. — 82 — STATEMENT OF THE APPOINTMENT OF THE STATE COMMIT- TEE ON SOLDIERS' EMPLOYMENT AND READJUSTMENT. February 5, 1919. In pursuance of an act of the legislature I have appointed a group of persons to serve on the Committee on Soldiers' Employment and Eeadjustment, which shall assist in securing employment for soldiers, sailors, marines and others who have served with the armed forces of the United States during the European War. This committee will cooperate with federal, state, county and municipal officials in dealing with the problem of unemployment. The committee is further empow- ered to aid in bringing about expeditious allowance and payment of all allotments and allowances provided for by federal laws for the protec- tion of the soldiers and the maintenance of their dependents. I desire to bespeak for this committee tlie active cooperation of all the citizens of the state. Employers must realize their responsibility to help meet this situation of readjustment and give the committee active assistance if the problem is to be met successfully. The people of California have at all times been heartily responsive to the call to public duty, and I know they will in this instance again help maintain our state's proud war record. The members of the committee will give their time and energy to this work without compensation. I am much gratified tliat men and women of such splendid ability' have consented to undertake this very important work for the public good. The committee wall be called together at once to carry on the work alreadv set in motion bv the State Council of Defense. LEAGUE OF NATIONS DAY PROCLAMATION. February 17. 1919. On February 19th and 20th the Pacific Congress for a League of Nations will convene in San Francisco. The purpose of this congress is to further the idea of the League of Nations now being discussed before the Peace Conference and to bring before the people of the Paci- fic slope the meaning of the League of Nations and the aspirations of those who advocate it. It is desired by those in charge of the congress that the young people of our state be educated in this movement as well as the adults, and they desire that exercises be held in every school in the state. I believe that the principle and plan of the League of Nations should be thoroughly discussed and widely disseminated, and in order that such discussion may occur, I do hereby designate Monday, February 17th as League of Nations Day, and request that appropriate exercises be held on that day in the schools in order that the idea may be fully explained to our children. — 83 — SPECIAL MESSAGE TO THE LEGISLATURE REGARDING THE CONSTRUCTION OF STATE HIGHWAYS. April 3, 1!)!!). , Measures now before you for consideration provide for the buildino- of many hundreds of miles of state highways. So far as I can learn there seems to be in every section of the state a very general opinion that we should at this time undertake the construction of such addi- tional roads as are essential to greater industrial development and will directly contribute to the prosperity of all the people. Through their favorable experience with highways already con- structed the people of California have become confirmed in their sup- port of good roads. They have come to appreciate the value of those splendid arteries of commerce leading into every section of the state, not only for the tourist and pleasure seeker, but for the business man and for the transportation of passengers and freight. Besides provid- ing for the handling of the products of fields and factories to market and to rail and to water terminals, these splendid highways extending along our coast line and the great interior valleys with laterals to all sections of the state, from a standpoint of military defense alone are worth many times the amount of money that has been expended upon them in the past and that it is now proposed to spend upon their com- pletion. It is the duty of the state government of California no less than it is the duty of individual citizens to do all those things which can he done to provide employment for returning soldiers, sailors and marines. Every brave lad who answered the nation's call and stood ready and willing to give his life, if need be, tliat free institutions might be preserved, is entitled as a matter of right and justice, to have an opportunity to earn an honest living. By engaging on a large scale in the construction of necessary roads at this time California not only can in large measure discharge her duty to returning heroes but at the same time greatly promote her own prosperity. I believe it to be a fact that the state never has derived so great benefit from any expenditure or investment as from the money spent upon the state highway system. If this extensive program of highway constraction can be put into operation without delay it will materially assist in absorbing back into the peace time industries of this state not only the men who have been serving in the army or navy, but also many of those who have been engaged in war industries. Some of the men employed in building ships soon must be seeking other employment. The returning veteran who goes back to liis former place in factory, or shop, or store, or office, or farm must displace some other worker and provision also must be made for the displaced worker. If California is to attain the highest degree of prosperity she must expand her industries and her activities so as to provide many more jobs than now exist. There must be work for every honest man or woman who wants to work. Not only must we provide work for return- ing soldiers but as well we must see to it that those now engaged in useful pursuits be not thereby forced into idleness. A state is truly — 84 — prosperous only when its people are happily and contentedly engaged in honest and profitable pursuits. If the state will authorize the extensive program of highway con- struction which it appears is agreed upon in all sections as being both desirable and necessary, and will arrange to put these operations into effect at once, it will make a vers- substantial contribution toward pro- viding places for those who wish to work. If the state will do its part in providing additional work private business no doubt can be relied upon to keep pace and the industries of the state soon will he restored to a healthful and profitable peace basis. I earnestly urge that the Legislature take immediate action to place before the people of this state a proposition to vote additional highway bonds. That those bonds may be voted at the earliest date and the actual construction begun with the least delay, I suggest that the mat- ter be submitted to the people in the form of an amendment to the Con- stitution of California, to be passed upon at a special election to be called as soon after adjournment of the legislature as possil)le, and that because of the special importance of the matter no other questions be put upon the ballot at that time. I respectfully request that you give this undertaking your earnest consideration. EMPLOYMENT SUNDAY PROCLAMATION. May 4, 1910. In order to increase public interest in the responsibility that is ours of finding employment for everyone of our returning soldiers, the United States Department of Labor and the United States Employ- ment Service have asked me to declare Sunday, the 4th of May, ' ' Employment Sunday. ' ' All churches are uniting in an effort to assist the United States Employment Service in finding work for our return- ing boys as fast as they are demobilized. We owe it to our state, to our country, and to ourselves to bring about industrial readjustment as rapidly as possible and to find a job for every man who went to war for his country. I am glad, therefore, to heartily endorse the appeal for the observ- ance of "Employment Sunday," and I trust that in every church throughout California the importance of affording employment to our returning heroes will be made the chief topic of the day. VICTORY LOAN STATEMENT. May 5, 1019. The citizens of California must realize at once the imperative duty that devolves upon them to subscribe to the victory loan. Thus far our state has sustained a war record which we may justly regard with highest pride. The burdens of war are by no means ended, and response to the financial needs of the national government is a patriotic responsibility we must fulfill heartily and generously. — 85 — I am advised by the war loan organization that the matter of reach- ing the allotted quota in this state is serious. Every citizen should recognize his and her obligation to the government. The State of California cainiot and must not be remiss in this critical situation. It is critical, for if our state will not do its part a new and unhappy estimate will attach to the people of California. Tlie state of Oregon already has passed its quota. We must con- gratulate our neighbor state, and must endeavor quickly to join her in her proud record. The people of that state are no wealthier and are no more patriotic than are the people of California. It must be that the people of our state have not been sufficiently aroused to the urgency of the call that has been upon them. I wish to appeal to the people of California to bestir themselves and to subscribe the full (|Uota at once. I trust that our editors and orators who have an opportunity of addressing the public will impress on our people with all vigor possible, the urgency of the situation confronting them. FRANCO-AMERICAN CHILDREN'S FETE DAY PROCLAMATION. May 24. 101!). Throughout the United States, on May 24, a celebration will be held for the purpose of interesting the children of the United States in the condition of their little brothers and sisters in France who have been left fatherless by the war. In 1777, when the American Colonies were struggling for liberty, the young people of France as personified by Lafayette proved their sympathy with our cause by sending to us soldiers and money to strengthen our forces and to enable us to carry on the fight. It is altogether fitting that we now attempt to pay in some measure the obligation which we owe to France for their invaluable assistance in our time of need. The thousands of French children who have been left fatherless by the flame of German destruction cry out to us for sympathy and assistance, and I am sure that every child in this state if he knew the story of the children in France would do everything in his power to give them some of the happiness with which American children are blessed. I do therefore take great pleasure in setting aside the 24th of May as Franco- American Children's Fete Day, with the hope that on that day celebrations will be held throughout the state in which the children will take a particular part and that the ties of sympathy between our children and those of France will be particularly emphasized. MEMORIAL DAY PROCLAMATION. May 30. 1910. Ever since the end of the civil war we have, on the 30th day of May of each year, gathered together to do honor to the men who gave their lives that this nation might be wholly free. This year there have been added to that list of heroes the names of our sons who have died that — 86 — the world might be free. No act of reverence, no hymn of praise can pay the debt we owe to those men. We can, however, by meeting together with appropriate exercises express the unbounded gratitude we owe to them and the profound admiration we have for their bravery and for their patriotism. I hope that on this Memorial Day every citizen of California will join in the ceremonies held in his locality. BOY SCOUT WEEK PROCLAMATION. June S-14. 1919. The Boy Scouts of America constitute the nucleus for a tremendous power. This organization, properly backed, means an ever growing channel through which the boyhood of America may be guided into more vigorous and useful manhood. It has already rendered great service during the world war. Therefore, I, William D. Stephens, Governor of the State of Cali- fornia, do hereby supplement the appeal of our President for the observance of the week of June 8th to June 14th as Boy Scout Week, I appeal to the citizens of this state to cooperate in an effort to strengthen and enlarge the organization. FLAG DAY PROCLAMATION. June 14, 1919. Our flag now stands more emphatically than ever before for liberty and a '^ square deal" to all nations and to all men, be they great or small. The national emblem, revered through song and story, has been through another gruelling test, and has helped cut another notch in the solid oak of human progress. It has been said by our allies that the American soldier is more intense than any other in love for his flag. Let the nation be likewise during the period of reconstruction now upon us. I wish to call attention to Saturday, June 14th, which has been nationally proclaimed as Flag Day. REHABILITATION WEEK PROCLAMATION. June 20-27. 1919. I have been asked to aid in the establishment of intelligent and effective cooperative relations with the Federal Board for Vocational Education, in accordance with a national cooperative plan to assist all returning disabled soldiers to gainful occupations in civil life. I am sure every man, woman and child craves an opportunity to lend a hand in any movement for helping our returning heroes. The willing helpers, however, will appreciate a channel whereby their ener- gies can be intelligently directed. I, therefore, proclaim the week of June twentieth to twenty-seventh, Eehahilitation Week and lend cordial endorsement to the agencies meet- ing during that week in conference at the request of the Federal Board of this tlu^ Twelfth Rehabilitation District (offices in San Francisco and Los Angeles) . I also suggest to the churches of the state that they seriously consider devoting Sunday, June 22d, in large part, to dis- cussion of this Good Samaritan work. And I recommend to our schools that certain periods on Friday, the 20th, be set aside for the dissemi- nation of knowledge of this great work of reconstruction now being conducted by our government, and materially aided by patriotic organi- zations and individuals. SERVICE MEN'S EDUCATIONAL PROCLAMATION. .Tilly :!, T.tT.). Many of the citizens of this state rendered patriotic and valuable service to the country during the great war for civilization. Such men, whether commissioned or enlisted, have returned to their homes better qualified for the duties of citiztMis as a result of the training and expe- rience in the army. The War Department, l)eeause of the diseluirge of a large numl)er of men called to service for the emergeney, is desirous of securing recruits to fill the ranks of existing units of the army. Cami) Ijcwis. American Lake, Washington, at which many citizens of this state were trained, still possesses the facilities for military training, and in addition thereto it is tlie policy of the War Department to enable men serving in the army to undertake studies, or the practice of various trades, which will improve their academic standing at college, or increase their earning capacity, after their discharge. Not only are the men who served in the army assured of the benefits to be obtained through further service, but numy young men not yet married noi- established in life can well improve their citizenship by voluntarily enlisting for service in the army, either at Camp Lewis, or elsewhere. For the benefits of the citizens of this state I call attention to the educational opportunities afforded through service in the army, and ])elieve that young men not yet committed to any profession or trade can well spend a year undergoing military training. GREETINGS TO THE PACIFIC FLEET ON ITS ENTRANCE INTO SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR. .September 1, 1911). California in unstinting measure extends its greetings to the great fleet entering San Francisco harbor. To its entire personnel, from the admiral commanding to the enlisted men in the depths of the fire- room, we offer the fullness of our love and admiration. i\Iay the placid waters of our coast and bay, under the genial rays of our California sun, dissipate all unpleasant recollections of the nerve- — 88 — racking days and nights of vigil through which they have so recently passed. After much anxiety we have our heroes home again, and our joy on their safe return is accentuated by pride and gratitude. Welcome ! Thrice welcome to our shores ! PERSONAL MESSAGE OF WELCOME TO RETURNING SERVICE MEN. Xovcinber 11. 1019. California is indeed proud of all her sons who served in the Army, Navy or JMarine Corps of the United States during the great w^orld w^ar. In all the world there were no braver or more self-sacrificing men — we rejoice in the return of so many to their homes and firesides — may peace and prosperity attend them. Please express to each one my personal appreciation of his patriotic service. SERVICE MEN'S HOME COMING CELEBRATION PROCLAMATION. Novcmbor 11. 1919. When America called her sons to the colors, the young men of our state responded with instant and noble enthusiasm. The imperishable glory California's sons achieved on the battlefields of France is known by all. Some of California's sons were not permitted to do their part face to face with the enemy ; nevertheless they served most loyally and well deserve our praise. It is fitting that we who watched with so mueh pride the departure of all should now prepare for them a welcome home ; that we should arrange such a home coming as will demonstrate our appreciation and prove again the warmth and understanding of our sympathy. On this day all other affairs should be laid aside and every city and town in our state should devote full time and attention to the welcome due our soldiers, sailors and marines. Ceremonies, music, parades and merrymaking so designed as to convey, not only home coming welcome, but recognition of service well performed should mark this date. Wherefore, I, William D. Stephens, Governor of the State of Cali- fornia, do hereby proclaim the eleventh day of November, 1919. a legal holiday in order that the citizens of California may celebrate with appropriate ceremonies the home coming of California's sons who served in the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps of the United States during the great war. I urge all public bodies, private organizations and individuals to unite in preparing for their respective localities a truly California welcome home. — 89 — GREETINGS TO RETURNED SERVICE MEN. November 11. 1919. Today a golden message is sent broadcast throughout our glorious State. "The boys are home." And to these boys, 133,000 strong, California's men and women today extend greeting. With one great accord, from every heart in California, goes forth the happy joyous greeting, "Welcome home." November 11, 1919, has been proclaimed the day for us to show our returned service men that we are a grateful people, and let us show our gratitude in true California fashion. The citizen, who in time of war offers himself as a guardian of the nation's honor, at grave danger to himself, is the man to whom we give the name of soldier. CJalifornia's manhood responded to the nation's call for soldiers until her honor roll far exceeded the number required of the state. California does appreciate the patriotic services rendered by her sons. The spirit of these men may be emulated by all, and thus planted the seed of a patriotic American citizenry. These men have endured liardsliip and privation, and by their valor and soblierly fortitude added a golden page to California's history. We desire our service men to return to their homes happy and con- tented in the knowledge that their work has been well done. We hope that as civilians they may render to the state the same splendid service they gave to the nation as soldiers. It is the sacred duty of the men to keep alive in the hearts of the American people the patriotic obligation of all men to their state and nation. ENDORSEMENT OF THE AMERICAN LEGION. .Tan nary 24. 1921). The American Legion, Department of California, will be a splendid force in the citizenship of our state that stands for law and order. The men have, in the test of the war, demonstrated their realization of their patriotic duty to tlie state and the country. They now recognize this sublime duty to be as imperative in time of peace as in times of war. The success of free government will be measured by the intelligence and the interest that its citizenship will give it. I am greatly pleased to learn that the Department of California will maintain a Legion publica- tion through which the membership can be stinuilated to maintain the principles on which the organization is founded. — 90 — ARMISTICE DAY PROCLAMATION. Xovt'uiber n. 1!)20. I hereby proclaim Thursday, the 11th day of November. 1920, a legal holiday, in commemoration of the armistice that ended the conflict of arms in the great workl war. On this day tribute should be paid to the memory of the young American manhood that was sacrificed. We must not forget the mothers, fathers, wives and other loved ones who suffered the heart- breaking loss of those dearest to them. There should also be expression on this day of rejoicing over the pre- servation of our civilization. The institutions of free government, the eternal principles of justice and right, and the doctrine of mercy and brotherhood were again triumphant in the greatest onslaught upon them that history has known. A significance will, therefore, in the years to come, be attached to Armistice Day that will mark it as one of the greatest events in human affairs. I shall suggest to the Legislature of California at its next session that November 11th be set aside as a permanent holiday. 2 1 1 JM CALIFORNIA STATE PRINTING OFFICE SACRAMENTO. 1921 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS # 020 933 529 3 1 TRRfiRY OF CONGRESS iSi 020 933 529 3