F189 .61 B164 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS QDDD5tD3ai5A i&ftfc Baltimore Boor FIFTH EDITION V HA 1*1.1* V FLAG OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE J Baltimore was one of the first cities to adopt a municipal flag. The idea had its inception with Mayor Preston early in 1914, and a Com- mission was appointed pursuant to an ordinance approved July 10, 1914. The Flag Commission, composed of Mayor James H. Preston, President ex officio; Judge Henry Stockbridge, chairman; Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson, historian; Wilbur F. Coyle, City Librarian; Carroll Lucas, artist, formulated a set of rules governing the sub- mission of designs and offered a prize for the one selected. This Commission, with the Art Commission acting in an advisory capacity, finally authorized Hans Schuler to plan a flag, which design was formally adopted by ordi- nance February 11, 1915. The Baltimore Book A RESUME OF THE COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES, MUNICI- PAL ACTIVITIES AND GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE 'Published by THE MUNICIPALITY f (Fifth Edition) Issued at the Instance of HON. JAMES H. PRESTON, Mayor by WILBUR F. COYLE, City Librarian PRESS OF 1EYER ft THALHEIMER BALTIMORE. MD. ©CU481853 JUL 12 1916 COPYRIGHT, 1916 BY THE IAVOR AND CITY COUNCIL OF BA LTIMORE , ..... —*«*. *-i i ' iim T J-lJ-l "lalttmorr, Wut Ualtutuitt" (The Municipal Anthem) Baltimore, where Carroll flourished, And the fame of Calvert grew! Here the old defenders conquered As their valiant swords they drew Here the starry banner glistened In the sunshine of the sea, In that dawn of golden vision That awoke the song of Key: Here rre hearts lhat beat forever For the city we adore; Here the love of men and brothers — Baltimore, our Baltimore! Here the clipper ships of story Brought the cargoes cf their day, From the ports of seven oceans Homing white-winged up the bay. Here immortal Poe illumined Living letters with his lyre; Here Lanier's uplifting measures Taught the world a fresh desire: Here the tradesman and the statesman. Here the gallant hearts of yore, Came to build a beauteous city — Baltimore, our Baltimore! Here the charm of parks and gardens; Here the spirit of the home; Here the music of the morning In the wind across the foam. Here the teacher and the prophet, Here the sermon and the song, Keep the higher beauty burning And the nobler purpose strong: Here the church and here the temple Teach our hearts their hallowed lore; Here hath Science wed wilh Healing — Baltimore, our Baltimore! God of grace, thou great Jehovah, Make us grateful, keep us true. That these gifts of light and leading May enchain our hearts to you; That in clearer vision growing Men may follow si ill the gleam, As a righteous city blossoms In the golden years of dream: Here where Art and Learning beckon, Justice pleads for rich and poor, God to guide, and man to worship — Baltimore, our Baltimore! — Folger McKinsey. THE MUNICIPAL ANTHEM, "BALTIMORE, OUR BALTIMORE" June 29, 1915, circular letters were sent out at Mayor James H. Preston's request setting forth an offer of $250 in gold for the best original poem on Baltimore suitable for a musical adaptation. Another prize of like amount was offered for the best musical setting for the poem selected. The Judges on the poem were : Virginia Woodward Cloud, Author; John C. French, Associate Professor of English at Johns Hopkins University; Robert M. Gray, Professor of English at Goucher College; Wilbur F. Smith, President of the Baltimore City College; Edward Lucas White, Author. The rules of the competition for the poem were announced on June 15, 1915. The prize was awarded to Folger McKinsey on September 28, 1915. Harold Randolph, Director of the Peabody Conservatory of Music; Henrietta Baker Low, former Supervisor of Music in the Baltimore Public Schools; John Itzel, Composer and Con- ductor, were the Judges on musical composition. Rules of the musical competition were announced by the Judges on Decem- ber 1 , 1915. The prize was awarded to Emma Hemberger on January 5, 1916. Thus a page in the patriotic as well as the municipal history \/ of the City was written on February 22, 1916, when the Mu- nicipal Anthem was given its first public presentation. Three hundred young women from the high schools and the United Singers of Baltimore took part in the singing of the Baltimore Song, which followed the presentation by the Mayor of a prize to Folger McKinsey, known as "The Bentztown Bard," writer of the winning poem, and a similar prize to Emma Hemberger for the best musical setting of the poem. One of the first cities to adopt a municipal flag, Baltimore was the first City to adopt a municipal anthem, which attracted national attention. Words and music were selected separately by literary and musical committees of acknowledged ability and impartial judgment. None of the Judges knew the identity of the win- ning candidates until final judgment had been pronounced. Both competitions were nationwide, and poems and musical settings were received from every State in the Union. HON. JAMES H. PRESTON Mayor of Baltimore EXPLANATORY HIS book is written in response to the demand 1^ for accurate information concerning Baltimore, its }§ resources, its general development, and its munici- |S §S£ l3l pal activities. The Baltimore Book is published by the Municipality. It has no private purpose to serve. It deals primarily with the Baltimore of TODAY. Baltimore reveres her traditions, is proud of her history, glories in her honored past, but Baltimore, rich in all these priceless blessings, has been very practical and has given much thought, much aggressive energy, to the solution of the material problems that confront her as an important member of the Great Family of American Municipalities. What Baltimore is and what Baltimore is doing are herein presented as eloquent and convincing facts. The case is rested without argument. The development of Baltimore along industrial, commercial, governmental, financial and all civic lines, during recent years, has been extraordinary. Imagination plays no part in that statement. Baltimore, as far as the memory of man runneth, has always been big. It started with all the natural prerequisites of a great city. But Baltimore is not only big. It is bigger than ever; not only bigger, but better. This is not a vain boast. A few cities are bigger than Baltimore; find a better one. Baltimore has been bountifully endowed by nature, and nature is being assisted by those most skilled in civic development. The fol- lowing pages will tell how. That is the STORY. CITY GOVERNMENT OF BALTIMORE WHAT IT IS DOING A resume of great projects under way: The $23,000,000 Sewerage System; Repaving the City; Civic Center; Colossal Municipal Docks; Factory Site Commission; Splendid Parks; Sanitary Regu- lations; Health, Fire and Police Departments; Public Schools; Free Baths, etc. C f i£^s) HE Municipal Government of Baltimore is alert, 5f§} creative and constructive. It is not sufficient to say that the administration is in sympathy with {j2x^===^~^ the great forward movement in this City. It is an inspiring part of the movement. Loyally supported and encouraged by citizens in all walks of life, it is engaged in a systematic scheme of modernization and beautincation, and is pursuing a masterful constructive policy. It is a policy that does not balk at obstacles. An obstacle is something to be overcome; that's all. Since 1 904, when the heart of Baltimore was burned out r when smoldering ashes and hideous debris stretched over 1 40 acres, Baltimore has been building, and building big. The great disaster was turned into opportunity. The loss, approxi- mately $125,000,000, was a staggering blow. No effort is made to minimize this fact, but it was a blow that awoke the fighting spirit. It was not a knockout. At this crisis, what did the City Government do? TI-H— BALTIMORE BOOK It refused all outside aid; declined it courteously and with grateful thanks, for stricken Baltimore was very grateful. It wasn't false pride that impelled Robert M. McLane, then Mayor, to take this stand. He voiced the sentiment of the community when he notified the world that Baltimore would take care of its own, and would rebuild through its own effort. Before he could get this on the wires $60,000 had actually been received, and "draw on us" telegrams brought the amount up to $200,000. Every cent went back, but the generous sentiment which prompted the givers will always be treasured. The whole world seemed eager to hasten to the aid of Balti- more. Hundreds of sympathetic messages were received. Some months prior to the 1 904 fire, the City had sold its interest in the Western Maryland Railway for $8,751,000. Upward of $4,500,000 of this fund was immediately used for public improvements and the rehabilitation of the burned area. A Burnt District Commission was created by an Act of the Legislature, which was then in session. The Commission widened streets; it reduced grades. Baltimoreans built; they built wisely and built well. Old picturesque Baltimore had been partly wiped out by the fire, but before the flames were extinguished at one end of the destroyed district a new Baltimore was springing up at the other. Those who saw the City in the throes of devastation wonder at the metamorphosis presented today. It is simply marvelous. Following the work of the Burnt District Commission other millions were spent according to a definite plan of City development. So much for the past. What is the City Government doing today? It has just built the finest sanitary Sewerage System in the world, expending about $23,000,000 for this purpose. It has spent $9,500,000 on its magnificent Municipal docks, which includes a combined commercial and recreation pier. It has constructed a broad street (Key Highway) parallel- ing the south side of the harbor for several miles. 13 O c a. « TMt^ BALTIMORE BOOK It is grappling the paving problem, and a Commission is now engaged in a general repaying plan for the entire City. ' The Commission has a working capital of $5,000,000. This will be increased by means of the paving tax to $10,000,000. Since 1912, 113 miles have been repaved with improved / material. The highways are being paved under a general plan. It is the aim of the administration to make Baltimore second to none in this particular branch of civic development. The latest standard specifications are followed and four pavements — namely, Granite Block, Vitrified Block, Sheet Asphalt and Wood Block — are being used. Aside from the above-mentioned $10,000,000, an addi- tional $4,500,000 are being spent on street improvement in the "Annex" (northern and western extremities). Seventy-three miles (based upon a width of 30 feet be- tween curbs) have been paved in this particular section during the last few years. These streets, with those within the older parts of the City repaved in accordance with the general plan of 1910 referred to, total 186 miles paved or repaved — and the work is still being pushed forward with great energy. For the enlargement of Baltimore's water supply, $5 ,000,000 were expended in erecting a large storage reservoir at Loch Raven, also a filtration plant (the second largest in size in the United States) and covered storage reservoirs near Lake Montebello. A high-pressure water pipe line through the business section was laid at a cost of $1,000,000. This is a very important addition to Baltimore's fire-fighting equipment, and materially reduces the cost of fire insurance. Baltimore has also recently spent thousands of dollars on the Fire Department, for motor apparatus and new buildings. This exclusive of the sum annually appropriated for mainte- nance. 15 THt^ BALTIMORE' BOOK By means of an electric conduit system, overhead telephone, telegraph and electric wires have been placed underground ; nearly $5,000,000 have been spent for this purpose. There are hundreds of other things which the City Govern- ment is doing. In matters of Municipal routine it is kept right to the notch. Departments are "keyed up" as are those of great private enterprises, and the whole organization is work- ing in systematic harmony. Baltimore is not only enjoying a business administration, but a progressive business administration. The following pages will describe concisely some of the projects in which it is engaged. Boat Lake—'Druld Hill Vark 17 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK A GREAT SEWERAGE SYSTEM Baltimore spent $23,000,000 on its Sewerage System. The work was begun in 1 905 and practically completed in 1916. The City is now equipped with what has been declared the most modern plant in the world. The system represents the most advanced ideas in the solution of this great Municipal problem. It is impossible to realize the magnitude of the work or the diversified engineering problems that were solved every day during the construction of the work, covering about 750 miles of sewers and storm-water drains. It is a big task well done. The requirement of the Legislative Act, that all sewage must ■ be purified before being discharged, made it necessary to keep the storm-water separate from the sanitary sewage, allowing the former to discharge through its own system of drains into the nearest natural outlet. The sanitary sewage is carried to the disposal plant and purified. The sewage then, by bacterial treatment, becomes about 95 per cent. pure. Two-thirds of the sanitary sewage of the City flows by gravity to the disposal plant on Back River, about six miles from Baltimore. The other third is pumped through huge iron force-mains to the outfall sewer, an elevation of 72 feet, from which point it also flows by gravity to the disposal plant. The pumping station building is equipped with three engines, each having a pumping capacity of 27,500,000 gallons a day. The station will house five of these enormous pumps, the additional two to be installed later. The difficulties of the work were doubled because of the necessity of constructing two systems of sewers — sanitary and -^ storm-water — which cross and recross each other in thousands of places. In some cases two large sewers of the different systems come together on the same level, which required the siphoning of one beneath the other. In one instance this re- 19 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK suited in the construction of one of the largest siphons in the world. The purified sewage, discharged from the disposal plant, in flowing to its outlet, operates turbines. These run dynamos, which produce current for lighting the plant at practically no cost. The solid matter is sold for fertilizer, producing a hand- some revenue to the City. Baltimore's Water Supply — Mt. Royal Pumping Station 21 £5 Ou * PS I J > U, v. ds h « THl^ BALTIMORE" BOOK BALTIMORE'S WATER SUPPLY The Water Department of the City of Baltimore has in- vested about $25,000,000 in its water-works system, which includes a filtration plant, reservoirs, pumping station, conduits and mains. The new impounding reservoir constructed across the Gunpowder River at Loch Raven has a capacity of about 2,000,000,000 gallons, and, with the abandonment of Jones Falls, comprises the entire water supply for the City. The aver- age daily flow of the Gunpowder River is about 270,000,000 gallons, from a watershed of approximately 300 square miles. The water from the impounding reservoir at Loch Raven is conducted directly through a reinforced conduit to the Monte- bello Filters on the Hillen road. This new filtration plant, completed in August of 1915 at a cost of $1,700,000, is of the mechanical or rapid sand type and represents the latest con- struction of its kind. It is one of the finest in the United States and produces water in quality equal to that of any large munici- pality in the world. The filtration plant consists of 32 filter units, each having a rate of 4,000,000 gallons per day. This gives the plant a full capacity of 1 28,000,000 gallons, which will in all probability accommodate the water consumption of the City of Baltimore in 1940. The water from the filtration plant is distributed to three services of distribution. The Low Service is a direct gravity supply, while the Middle and High Services are pumping services. The entire City is now supplied directly from the under- ground plant and from covered reservoirs and standpipes, which further insure the quality and purity of the water supply. 23 TUtzr BALTIMORE BOOK CIVIC CENTER — JONES FALLS AND KEY HIGHWAYS 65GDQM HOSE charged with the administration of the S§§> City Government have given much thought to the future. What is done is done on a large f^^==^*M scale. Every succeeding day finds the City a bigger, better, busier Baltimore, and improvements are made with a comprehensive idea of the demands of the future. They are, as nearly as human calculation can make them, for all time. The development now going on is in accordance with a pre- conceived plan of city building. One of the most important features in the City betterment plan was the covering of the stream (Jones Falls) which formerly flowed in an open channel through the center of the City. The flow is now through three concrete tubes, consisting in part of the largest drainage tunnel in the world. The top of these conduits and tunnel is now a highway of a minimum width of 75 feet. This drive provides a direct highway on an easy grade running diagonally across the City from the docks to the railroad terminals. This great improve- ment is a part of an elaborate and connected scheme of future development, an important feature of which is a Civic Center to the east of the City Hall. To the west, forming a part of the general plan, are the Postomce and Baltimore's three-million- dollar Courthouse. Another project of importance which the City has success- fully consummated is the construction of Key Highway, a wide thoroughfare extending from Light street, along or very near the waterfront, to Fort McHenry — a distance of several miles. 25 Q u. Z » < g TH& BALTIMORE BOOK This highway, named for Francis Scott Key, author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," opens up a splendid avenue of approach to the southern side of Baltimore's extensive harbor. A Municipal Railway System of switches and tracks, on the Key Highway, places all plants and piers in direct touch with railroad lines entering Baltimore. The Visla — Druid Hill "Park 11 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE'S MUNICIPAL DOCKS The Municipal docks of Baltimore are not mere ornaments. They are not solely colossal specimens of engineering skill. / They are for use. When the City put acres of land under water and spent millions of dollars, its object was, and is, to provide the best maritime terminals that could be built. These docks are leased to responsible parties for 36 cents a square foot per year. Those who have not seen the great marine stations have little idea of their magnitude, and it is important to remember that they are not a private monopoly, and are not controlled by private parties to selfish ends. The City of Balti- more OWNS them and throws them open to the commerce of the world. Those who would enter the shipping business here have the first and most vexatious problem, namely, terminal facilities, solved in advance. Magnificent docks are available. Prior to the fire of 1 904 the City owned little wharf prop- erty of importance. The fire made it possible to acquire all of the burned district fronting on the harbor. The City pur- chased the property, removed all buildings, streets, etc., and laid out a system of public wharves and docks along Pratt, President and Albemarle streets. The piers are situated in the upper harbor and are intended for the coastwise and bay trade. The transatlantic steamers, at present, find ample ac- commodations at the railroad piers in the lower harbor. Along Market Place the City has erected three handsome, commodious buildings, a fish market and wholesale markers all within a stone's throw of Pier 4, which is set apart for the use of the market boats. A two-story recreation pier at the foot of Broadway was completed early in 1914. The lower floor of this structure is j used for commercial purposes ; the upper section for a recreation center. 29 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK MUNICIPAL FACTORY SITE COMMISSION GJGDM HE City Government has a specially organized y^JL<3£§) department that handles all industrial problems. W(^Kji)Sjr^ It is a public agency created for the purpose of 0^2^^^~| promoting any movement that has for its end the development or enlargement of Baltimore's industrial activities. It is a department of the City Government; supported by the City Government. There are no charges, costs nor fees connected with its work. Any service performed by the department or any information given by the department is absolutely free of any financial burden to the person who seeks its aid or takes advantage of its co-operation. If you want to know anything about the business possibili- ties of Baltimore; if you want to get in touch with the City's financial interests; if you want to know what factory sites are in the market; in fact, if you want to know anything at all about any phase of the industrial affairs of the City or any of the problems incident thereto — communicate with the Municipal Factory Site Commission, City Hall. You will find it ready to give help in any particular or in any direction whatsoever. The Commission is organized on a basis that puts it in touch with all the different business interests in Baltimore. It is composed of a member of the Chamber of Commerce; a member of the Merchants and Manufacturers' Association; a member of the Travelers and Merchants' Association ; a mem- ber of the Old Town Merchants and Manufacturers' Associa- tion; a member of the Federation of Labor; a member of the Builders' Exchange; a member of the Real Estate Exchange; a representative of the Pennsylvania Railroad; a representative of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; a representative of the Western MaryWnd Railroad. 31 TH& BALTIMORE; BOOK The Commission has a finely-developed system under which a wide range of factory sites is listed. Real estate dealers, as well as prospective manufacturers, are constantly referring to the Commission's list whenever they have inquiries for industrial property. The City itself controls about one hundred and seventy acres of waterfront territory with direct railroad connections. The Commission is in touch with a combination of magnifi- cent buildings which have been converted into "beehive in- dustrial colonies." All of the most modern appliances, power and other manufacturing advantages are readily available on attractive terms. These buildings are situated near the junction of two railroads. The Factory Site Commission will put anyone in touch with any of the above propositions. MUNICIPAL JOURNAL The City is issuing a semi-monthly publication known as the Municipal Journal. It is devoted to the exploitation of facts about the operations of the City Government, and through this agency the public, both at home and abroad, is kept in intimate touch with all the plans and achievements of the Municipal Government. The public is provided with fre- quent reports of all moneys collected and how the same is being spent. It is conducted in a manner intended to familiarize Baltimoreans with all the most important data about their City. Its columns are filled with exceedingly instructive matter which never finds its way into the columns of any other publication. It lays before its readers things that are planned to be done, as well as things that have actually been done, and has es- tablished itself as an institution of practical value to the com- munity, and the community is giving it cordial support. 33 THJ~ BALTIMORE' BOOK GOVERNMENT OF BALTIMORE The government of Baltimore is vested in the Mayor and City Council, the corporate entity. The Mayor, the Comptroller and City Council are elected by the people for a term of four years; so is also the President of the Second Branch City Council, who acts in the Mayor's stead when the latter is absent and who succeeds to the Mayoralty in event of a vacancy during an unexpired term. The Mayor appoints all heads of departments, boards, commissions, etc., subject to confirmation by the Second Branch. Baltimore is divided into 24 wards and four councilmanic districts. Each district is composed of six wards. Each ward has a representative in the First Branch and each district has two in the Second Branch. Including the President, there are nine members of the latter body. The Board of Estimates, composed of the Mayor, President of the Second Branch City Council, Comptroller, City Solicitor and Highways Engineer, is a co-ordinate body and passes on many measures in conjunction with the City Council, particu- larly those that relate to finances, granting of franchises and such. All contracts are let by the Board of Awards, the personnel of which is the same as the Board of Estimates, with the ex- ception that the City Register takes the place of the Highways Engineer. Harbor, North Side 35 SCENES IN DRUID HILL PARK Madison Ave. Entrance Columbus Monument and Lake Drive Boat Lake TH& BALTIMORE BOOK PARKS OF BALTIMORE Ww^*&& ALTIMORE has a splendid system of parks. '^lli^R^ These are one of the features of the City. 'I he uJmG^Wi! reservat i° ns are > or "vvil 1 be, all connected; that ^Z^= £ZZ2n£i i s » tne Y ma y be reached one from the other by especially constructed boulevards, the whole system being gener- ally referred to as "Baltimore's chain of parks." The City for years has been blessed with an abundance of park area, but very recently large sections of the suburbs, north and west, were acquired, which added many acres of beautiful and picturesque territory. In making these purchases, Balti- more looked far into the future. The topography of the country in some instances is almost mountainous, with beautiful streams winding in and out, the scene retaining much of its natural environment. Druid Hill is Baltimore's largest park. It is famous, for among the parks of the country it is unequalled in natural beauty. It was purchased in 1 860, and has an area of nearly 700 acres. The rugged scenery of Gwynn's Falls Park, through which flows the stream Gwynn's Falls, at times rushing like a torrent, arises to challenge Druid Hill's claim to pre-eminent beauty. Here nature's handiwork is sublime. As has been stated, the scheme of park development em- braces, as one of its important features, broad boulevards, which represent the most advanced ideas and skill in highway construction. The parks play an important part in City life, and in their administration and management are kept "abreast of the times." Many have swimming pools, which are enjoyed by thousands, and from which graduate each year scores of youthful expert swimmers. There are playgrounds for the tots, and these especial reservations are under the direction of the Playground 37 SCENES IN BALTIMORE'S MAGNIFICENT PARKS The Old John's Hopkins Mansion, Clifton Park View in Riverside Park Swimming Pool in Patterson Park View in Carroll Park THE- BALTIMORE- BOOK Association, which has professional instructors or teachers in attendance. All the parks are supplied with baseball grounds, tennis courts and other facilities for healthy sport. The parks are not supported by direct taxation, but from the receipts of the street railways, 9 per cent, of the gross receipts being devoted to this purpose. The fund thus raised, which is increasing yearly at the rate of 6 per cent., cannot be diverted from the parks. This amounts to approximately $500,000 annually, which, with other sources of revenue, brings the total available for park purposes to $510,000 as a yearly income, exclusive of any loan for park improvement and enlargement. The parks and squares of Baltimore are as follows: Acquired. Acreage. Mt. Vernon Squares (2) 1815 1.4 Washington Place Squares (2) 1815 .9 Eastern City Spring Square 1818 1.3 Patterson Park 1827 132.8 Franklin Square 1839 2.3 Jackson Square 1844 .6 Union Square 1847 2.0 Broadway Squares (19) 1851 6.9 Ashland Square 1851 .01 Madison Square 1 853 3.4 Eutaw Place Squares (9) 1853 5.6 Lafayette Square 1 859 2.9 Druid Hill Park 1860 674.61 Park Place Squares (7) 1860 1.7 Riverside Park 1862 1 7.9 Fulton Avenue Squares (17) 1866 3.2 Harlem Park 1869 8.3 Wilkens Avenue Squares (7) 1870 I.I Perkins Spring Square 1873 1.5 Mt. Royal Squares (7) 1874 2 Johnston Square 1877 2.5 Federal Hill Park 1879 9.9 Collington Square I860 5.7 Liberty Triangle 1880 .02 Taney Place Squares (2^ 1881 .8 Mt. Royal Terraces (3) 1884 2.0 Carroll Park 1890 176.74 Bolton Park (Mt. Royal Station) 1891 3.52 Frick Triangle 1892 .05 39 -. « . ^ il.t i . I . . ^ i , 1 ^ , , — <:,V ■. ' -•'';. <>-- ■/,•„■:<< fgflf i, * l^Eu TH& BAL/TIIMORLEr BOOK PARKS — Continued. Acquired. Acreage. Brewer Square 1 892 .39 Bo-Lin Square 1893 .23 Maple Place 1893 .07 Clifton Park 1895 316.4 Linden Avenue Triangle 1895 .01 Green Spring Avenue 1896 20.5 Callow Triangle 1898 .03 Gwynn's Falls Park 1902 351.70 Latrobe Park 1902 13.80 Swann Park 1902 11.31 Wyman Park 1903 135.54 Fifth Regiment Armory 1904 .25 City College Lot 1904 .14 Riggs Triangle 1905 .02 Venable Park 1907 50.23 Ashburton Park (including Reservoir) 1907 92.65 Herring Run Park 1908 180.79 Charles Street Boulevard 1908 2.87 Philadelphia Road Triangle 1910 1.0 Easterwood Park 191 1 6.8 Mondawmin Squares 191 1 .26 Fort McHenry Reservation 1914 49.6 Total Park Acreage 2,306.24 Baltimore's Water Supply— Loch Raoen Reservoir 41 THfr BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE A HEALTHY CITY g-:*jP>vgp ALTIMORE is naturally a healthy City, but i?J.AiyIjp^y= nature has an ally in the form of a Department u/pSP&Mu °^ health, which does very effective work and l^—^ ^^^;: has attained most successful results. This De- partment wages its warfare with thoroughly modern and scien- tific methods. With the combination — nature, vigilance and science — enlisted on the side of health, pestilence and epidemic are practically unknown. To fight against the importation of disease there are very strict regulations. The Quarantine Station, connected with the Health Department, is some distance from the City, and all incoming vessels are boarded and must be given a clean bill of health by a medical officer representing the Municipality before they are allowed to proceed. Exceptional measures to combat tuberculosis are applied, and a corps of vigilant nurses is constantly working throughout the City with this object in view. These efforts have been crowned with the most gratifying results. In fact, the State, City and private organizations are rendering splendid service in the prevention of tuberculosis. There is in operation a Municipal hospital (Sydenham) for the treatment of infectious diseases. Exceptionally effective laws are enforced in the in- terest of sanitation. Inspectors pass upon edibles offered for sale to determine whether they are fit for consumption. If not, they are destroyed summarily. There is also a regulation which prescribes the quality of milk that may be sold, and inspectors with facilities for making tests are constantly at work. 43 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE HOSPITALS The hospitals of Baltimore are by no means the least of its features. The City has developed into a mecca to which persons requiring the most scientific treatment come in search of cure, and thousands from afar are entered as patients yearly. Some of the most distinguished men and women of the country have come to Baltimore in search of health, and have gone away singing praises of Baltimore hospitals. The City is very proud of its development and equipment in this respect, for to be a leader in the world's work for humanity is a very enviable reputation to enjoy. The great Johns Hopkins Hospital is a Baltimore institu- tion. It is known all over civilization and has an unexcelled record of accomplishments. This establishment has many de- partments, one of the most recent of which is The Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic; for the erection and endowment of the building Mr. Henry PhipDS donated nearly one million dollars. The purpose of this clinic is primarily for the study of nervous and mental diseases and affords exceptional oppor- tunities for scientific treatment of these cases. Its laboratories are equipped with every modern appliance known to medical science. As stated elsewhere, Baltimore makes especial effort to com- bat tuberculosis, and several large State and City sanatoriums are devoted to this purpose. Sydenham Hospital, supported by the City and under the direction of the Commissioner of Health, treats infectious diseases exclusively. Some of the other leading hospitals are: Presbyterian Eye and Ear Infirmary, Hebrew Hospital, Maryland General Hospital, University of Maryland Hospital, Hahnemann General Hospital, Union Protestant Infirmary, Franklin Square Hospital, United States Marine Hospital, Church Home and Infirmary, Quarantine Hospital, Mercy Hospital, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hospital for Women of Maryland, St. Agnes' Hospital. 45 mkk i BALTIMORE'S PUBLIC BATHS A Typical Bathhouse The largest artificial Swimming Pool in the United States Patterson Park THtr BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE PUBLIC BATHS The Public Baths of Baltimore represent one of the chief agencies in the City for the promotion of health and cleanli- ness. The system provides for cleansing baths, which are open all the year round in congested City districts, and recreative swimming pools, open during the summer. There are six indoor cleansing baths, which contain 225 cabins and accommodate 700,000 patrons annually, erected at a cost of $200,000. There are also three recreative swimming baths in parks and on the riverfront, which have 400,000 patrons annually. Three portable baths (which scheme originated in Baltimore) are small houses carried from one street corner to another in crowded sections. They afford hot and cold water shower baths to over 60,000 persons yearly. Two recreative centers in public parks are also equipped with shower and swimming baths. The one at Patterson Park has the largest artificial swimming pool in the United States. A concrete swimming pool, 3 3-10 acres in extent, has been completed in Clifton Park and greatly adds to the City's bath- ing facilities. The annual net cost to the City for maintenance of the entire Public Bath System is about $60,000. Lake Monlebetlo — IValer Supply 47 m"£ TH& BALTIMORE' BOOK PUBLIC SCHOOLS In providing educational facilities for children, most liberal provision is made, and a compulsory educational law is strictly enforced. The schools are of exceptionally high standard. There are kindergartens for the very young. Night schools for those who have advanced in years, but not correspondingly in scholastic attainment. A summer vacation school and a vocational school are a part of the system. The course of public school training terminates with graduation from the City College, Polytechnic Institute or the Girls' High Schools. Teachers entering the educational service are not only re- quired to be proficient along general lines, but they must take a two-year course of training in the Teachers' Training School. There were 1 00, 1 29 pupils and 2, 1 63 teachers during the last scholastic year. There are 1 48 schools of all kinds. Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Druid Hill "Park 49 BALTIMORE CITY COLLEGE EASTERN FEMALE HIGH SCHOOL THt^ BALTIMORe BOOK POLICE DEPARTMENT The Police Department of Baltimore consists of 1,150 per- sons, all told, from Commissioners down. The department, though supported by the City of Baltimore, is under the direc- tion of a board appointed by the Governor of the State. Police headquarters are at the Courthouse. Here the Police Board, the Marshal and the detectives are located. "Traffic officers" are stationed at all points where traffic is congested. Their duty is to "keep things moving." These officers have large powers. They may summarily arrest any who show a disposition not to obey to the letter the very exact- ing traffic laws. The officer keeps vehicles and cars "on the move" or stops them by means of semaphores. In this way the problem is solved to the best advantage. The immovable "jam" that once occurred on down-town streets is now absent. Cars, great motor vans, automobiles and the collection of miscellaneous vehicles that crowd the thoroughfares pass along without confusion and unnecessary delay. Aside from the traffic squad and main body of the force, there are mounted police, motorcycle and bicycle men and automobile patrol wagons; a harbor patrol, which uses a steamer and a gasoline launch. Fort Mc Henry 51 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK FIRE DEPARTMENT Baltimore's Fire Department has been officially declared by- experts to be one of the most thorough in the United States. It has all known mechanical devices for fighting fires. The high-pressure pipe line, which has been extended over an area of 1 70 acres in the business district (completed 1912), is the latest device and the most modern auxiliary of the fire- fighting establishment of the City. The pipe line system consists of three powerful pumps, which force water through large pipes at tremendous pressure. These pipes are, of course, all underground, but are tapped at inter- vals of 1 70 feet and connected with hydrants that bring the water to the surface. The hydrants, which are depressed be- low the sidewalk and protected by covers that can be easily removed, are systematically placed through the "down-town" district. There are at present 226 hydrants, and the number will be increased as the system is extended. Water, under great pressure, may be thrown in or against a building by means of various nozzle devices connected directly to the hydrants or with hose especially adapted to pipe line service. Baltimore has spent $1,000,000 on its pipe line. Insurance rates in the area protected by the service have been greatly reduced. The personnel of the Fire Department is of the highest type. Recruits must pass an examination, mental and physical, before entering, and the training which they subsequently receive makes them exceptionally fit for their exacting duties. The department consists of 40 hose and engine companies, 19 hook-and-ladders, two fireboats, two water towers, two automobile hose companies for high-pressure pipe line service, automobiles for the chief, deputy and district chiefs. The force numbers 862 men. Automobile apparatus has practically re- placed horses in the department. An interesting feature in connection with the signal system is a portable telephone which may be connected to the fire alarm boxes to establish communication with headquarters. Each company carries one of these portable telephones. 53 THe BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE'S WIRES UNDERGROUND In maintaining its own electrical conduit system, Baltimore stands unique as being the first American City of importance to provide underground accommodation for wires and cables transmitting all classes of electrical energy. About 75 per cent, of the area of the City is served by the Municipal system, and the work of laying extensions to the more remote sections is progressing rapidly. Loans amounting to $5,000,000 have been authorized for the construction of this system. By virtue of certain Legislative enactment, it is made manda- tory on the part of wire-operating corporations and individuals to remove, upon notice of the completion of the system in various given districts, their poles and overhead wires and, in substitution therefor, to install cables in the conduits. The electric light and power, telephone and telegraph companies, realizing the advantages to be derived in the way of greater protection and more facile access to their equipment, heartily co-operate with the City authorities in the prosecution of the work. Furthermore, the Municipal ownership of the system insures a uniform and reasonable rate of rental for the under- ground space thus provided. Patapsco River — Quarantine 55 SECTION OF BALTIMORE'S $11,000,000 DOCK SYSTEM Chesapeake Bay Market Boats Lumber Pier Steamships unloading fruits THtr BALTIMORE BOOK (Industrial Section) INDUSTRIAL ADVANTAGES OF BALTIMORE ilFSttif! MANUFACTURER must have facilities for assembling raw material at his plant. He must have facilities for getting a finished product on the market, and he must have a MARKET. Baltimore furnishes these accessories. First — The City has splendid railroad service in all direc- tions. It offers transportation facilities by water that are un- excelled. It is a great seaport, foreign and coastwise. It also utilizes the great Chesapeake Bay and its numerous tributaries, thus connecting with scores of towns and landings, penetrating far into Maryland and Virginia. Second — Baltimore is the natural feeder of its immediate vicinity in all directions. It has at home about 700,000 persons for whom it must provide; but it has other natural markets — that tremendous area to the North, South, Southwest and West. The South is Baltimore's undisputed sphere of indus- trial and commercial influence. Third — No Chinese Wall, in the form of excessive freight rates, separates the manufacturer from his market. Baltimore enjoys lower rates than other cities, as the table of comparative rates, given elsewhere in this book, will show. Fourth — The manufacturer in Baltimore is not harassed by labor troubles. Fifth— Manufacturing implements — machinery, apparatus, mechanxal tools actually employed in the manufacture of articles of commerce — are not (upon application) taxed in Baltimore for City or State purposes. Sixth — Insurance rates on manufacturing and mercantile establishments in Baltimore are lower relatively than in other cities. Seventh — Power, fuel and light are cheap. Wheels turn more economically in Baltimore than anywhere else. 57 O E V B (0 "o -a e 1'i v CO THEr BALTIMORE- BOOK BALTIMORE'S TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS The business associations of Baltimore, particularly the large central bodies, are important elements in the City's commercial and industrial life. There are a number of such organizations united in one Common Center called the Board of Trade, which exert a tremendous influence. Though they have their respective spheres, they are bound by ties of business and social relationship. By cohesive action and unity of purpose, they have time and again made their influence felt to the mutual benefit of the City and the thousands who maintain business relations with it. Through them the business interests of Balti- more operate upon an organized and systematized basis. The good effect is not merely local, for Baltimore is the great com- mercial and industrial headquarters of thousands of miles of territory. Organization and combined force have not only helped those who trade in Baltimore, but are largely responsible for placing the City in the front rank of the great commercial centers of the country. The usefulness of these associations is not confined to the avenues of trade. They have been aggressively active in the many successful projects for the proper civic development of Baltimore, and are vital forces in the City's welfare. Fire Boat "'Deluge" 59 SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRIES Drydoclc Dewey Magnetic Cranes General View, Md. Steel Co.'s Plant A Baltimore Built Ship BALTIMORE'S GREAT INDUSTRIES MANY ENTERPRISES FLOURISH IN THIS INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT Baltimore leads in Canning and Preserving; Millions worth of Fertilizer shipped; the great Straw Hat Industry; foremost Clothing Manu- facturing Center; Copper Refining; large Cotton Duck Plants; Steel Rails; Shipbuilding Interests, etc.; cheap Light and Fuel; no Labor Troubles. !?S^gg CCORDING to the United States Census of 1914, there were then within the City limits of Baltimore (31 7^3 square miles)over 2,500 manu- facturing establishments, employing 84,924 wage- earners, who are paid annually $48,978,000. The annual value of their output is $2 1 5, 1 72,000. The capital represented by these enterprises amounted to $177,301,000, not including the value of rented buildings. The Baltimore Industrial District (the City and its contiguous area) produces annually manu- factured products to the value of $353,319,000. This makes Baltimore one of the foremost industrial centers of the United States. 61 BALTIMORE'S PICTURESQUE HARBOR Chesapeake Bay Pungies Unloading tropical fruits Immigrants disembarking TH& BALTIMORE BOOK Leads in Canning and Preserving Baltimore ranks first among the cities of the United States in the canning and preserving industry, which employs thousands of workers. Its annual product is valued at millions of dollars. Manufacture of Clothing In the manufacture of clothing, Baltimore occupies a leading position, the value of this product (U. S. Census, 1910) amounting to $41,000,000 annually. This industry employs 24,000 persons. Most of this clothing is of the higher grades. There are 324 establishments, some of them the largest in the world. Neckwear The manufacture of neckwear (Industrial Survey of Balti- more, report of 1914) has reached large proportions. Balti- more ranks second in the production of this article. Ships Most Fertilizer More fertilizer is shipped from Baltimore than from the combined manufacturing plants of any other State. The Great Straw Hat Industry The straw hat industry is represented by establishments em- ploying thousands of hands, producing millions of dollars' worth of goods yearly. Copper The copper smelting and refining works and copper-smithing in Baltimore represent for plants an investment of $20,000,000. Baltimore has the largest copper refin.ng plant in America. Baltimore's industrial activity extends to so many branches that it is impossible to discourse specifically upon all, but the following are some of the chief enterprises, in many of which the City leads, and in all occupies a foremost position as a producer : 63 T H tr ti A LT I 1M O RlCt BOOK IRON AND STEEL FERTILIZER STRAW HATS CLOTHING CANDY COPPER CANS SOAP FLAVORING EXTRACTS SHOES BOTTLE STOPPERS OYSTER INDUSTRY COTTON DUCK MEDICINES GAS ENGINES UMBRELLAS STEEL RAILS DRUGS, SPICES, TEAS, COFFEE ROASTING CANVAS AND LEATHER BELTING SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING SASHES, DOORS, BLINDS, LUMBER PRINTING AND PUBLISHING FLOUR AND GRIST MILLS BREAD AND BAKERIES FURNITURE CAR BUILDING GAS RANGES, WATER HEATERS AND GAS METERS GLASSWARE, BOTTLES AND WINDOW GLASS STOVES, RANGES AND PLUMBERS' SUPPLIES CANNING AND PRESERVING VEGETABLES MACHINERY AND MACHINISTS' SUPPLIES TOBACCO (CIGARS AND CIGARETTES) CHEMICALS, MEDICINAL SUPPLIES SHIRTS, OVERALLS, ETC. NECKWEAR 65 UJ * > "5 K _c < u 2 / < » I T1 UJ c I "* a :/> D a W) c Z 3 o C § - R os R a-, (0 UJ h X _l _c _l * J < ffl U -n «= a! TM& BALTIMORE BOOK ELECTRIC POWER FROM THE SUSQUEHANNA HERE has been developed for Baltimore a \S tremendous source of electric energy. Across ■)§ the Susquehanna River, at McCall Ferry, is one (j_$ ^==g ^gjl of the longest dams in the world, exceeded only by such dams as at Keokuk, Iowa, on the Mississippi River, and at Assouan, on the Nile. Behind this barrier, which is half a mile long, 55 feet high and 65 feet thick, the Susque- hanna River forms a lake eight miles in length. Their foundations resting on the bed rock of the river, the power-house and dam contain 300,000 cubic yards of con- crete. The power-house provides space for ten units, with a total maximum capacity of 135,000 horse-power. From McCall Ferry, in a straight line, the steel towers and the aluminum cables of the transmission line stretch to Balti- more, 40 miles away, where the harnessed river drives the wheels of the City's industries and lights the homes and streets. Independent steam generating stations, storage batteries and an unexcelled distribution system assure adequate, efficient, never-failing service. Baltimore offers the manufacturer cheap electric power in abundance. The rates for electric power in Baltimore are the lowest on the Atlantic Seaboard. The harnessed river furnishes the power necessary to propel the street cars of the extensive transit system of Baltimore and its suburbs. Power from the Susquehanna moves the trains in the Belt Line Tunnel of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, beneath the City of Baltimore, one of the earliest electrically- operated tunnels in the world. The entire power requirements of the Maryland Electric Railways Company, which operates the converted steam road connecting Baltimore with Annapolis, come from the same source. Abundant power at low rates, with an efficient and compre- hensive service, gives Baltimore a tremendous advantage, which no manufacturer can afford to overlook. 67 PLAY-GROUND SCENES Recreation centers have a telling influence on city life THCr BALTIMORE BOOK NO LABOR TROUBLES Baltimore rarely has labor troubles. After the great fire, the City was rebuilt without a single strike. Owing to conditions that obtain in no other large community, the capitalist and laborer maintain a status which enables them to operate to their mutual interest, and to the benefit of the whole industrial situation. Baltimore seems totally unaffected by those periodic gusts of labor agitation that sweep over one section of the country or another, unsettling conditions, causing industrial distress and financial loss. The City is exceptionally fortunate in this respect, primarily because of natural conditions. The working class is enabled to live well. The abundance of seasonable foodstuffs at reason- able prices, cheap rents, the opportunity to buy homes on the easiest terms, are elements which contribute to the contented condition of the laboring man. In Baltimore he gets the most out of life for himself and his family. The average laborer owns his home. Tenements are practically unknown. Then there is plenty of work and plenty of workmen. Industrial tranquillity usually lasts the year round. „ . , , - Jl Bee Hive of Industry 69 THE- BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE'S FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Few cities enjoy the enviable reputation of Baltimore for sound financial methods, or have a larger number of success- fully conducted banks and trust companies. Baltimore is noted for its excellent banking facilities. There has not been a bank failure in Baltimore for many 3-ears, and the conflagration of 1 904, which caused a loss estimated at more than $100,000,000, resulted in no em- barrassment to the City's financial organizations, except that arising from the destruction of buildings. There is ample capital in Baltimore for legitimate enter- prises. It is not a City given to the encouragement of "wild- cat" schemes, but sound projects can find substantial backing. BONDING The first bonding or surety company was organized in Bal- timore. This City occupies a commanding position in this branch of finance. Millions of dollars are invested here in bonding enterprises. The assets of numerous companies total millions. They have branches practically all over the world; in fact, Baltimore is the bonding headquarters of the world. INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Baltimore has a series of modern "Industrial" or "Beehive" buildings, where heat, light, power and space in proportion to the large or small needs of any and all kinds of industries can be had on terms and conditions attractive even to infant enter- prises. This enables enterprises to be started without the usual capital outlay required for investment in land and building. It offers to local industries and to those outside the City, desiring to establish operations here, every essential factory requirement that can be obtained by the most successful manufacturers. 71 THE- BALTIMORE BOOK (Commercial Section) COMMERCE AND TRANSPORTATION A Splendid Harbor; Grain rapidly handled; low Freight Rates; Magnificent Piers; Steamship Lines; Great Railroads, with termi- nals at deep water, center in Baltimore; Colossal Municipal Piers; Great Jobbing Trade; Plants and Machinery Exempt from Taxa- tion, etc. WwP^i^^ ^ reason °f ' ts geographical location, the City, W/S-^tH ^ rom l ' ie very ^ irst ^ ays °^ l ^ e "• ron ^° rse '" k e " \ JSr(?>)Wn came a railroad center. It has, also, always been [[l— _ -_^ ^JL\ one of the important seaports of the country. That Baltimore lived and flourished may be attributed to its natural maritime advantages. It early became a distributing point for merchandise that came over all seas and from all lands. It sent, and still sends, back ships burdened with products of every section of this country. Long before steam became the propelling force of commerce, Baltimore's supremacy was assured. The Baltimore clipper was famous ; it was sailing every sea and was seen in every port. The City has a largely-developed trade in every respect, particularly through the South. Being of the South, this seems natural, but Baltimore is not dependent upon sentiment alone. As the metropolis of the South, Baltimore is the natural source of supply of this section, and its trade throughout this vast country is large and ever-increasing. Nor is Baltimore's sphere of commercial influence confined to the great region south of the Mason and Dixon Line. Its merchants are invad- ing the North. They have captured a good percentage of trade of Pennsylvania and New York State, and are success- fully operating in the Ohio Valley. Baltimore is one of the foremost jobbing centers of the United States. 73 TH^ BALTIMORE ROOK THE HARBOR OF BALTIMORE Baltimore has a splendid harbor. The channel leading from Baltimore is 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide, and there is a project under way to deepen it to 40 feet and to make it 1,000 feet wide. Baltimore is on the Patapsco River, a tributary of Chesa- peake Bay, and is about 150 nautical miles from the Atlantic Ocean as vessels travel. The harbor may be said to begin where the Patapsco and the bay meet, about 1 4 miles from the center of the City. There are 1 8 miles of dockage and waterfront within the contracted City limits, and many times that area in the im- mediate environs. Baltimore harbor, even within the City limits proper, can accommodate the largest vessels. Such, for instance, as liners of 20,000 tons displacement or more enter and leave Balti- more harbor. Baltimore has a busy waterfront. It is very picturesque and is a shelter for all manner of craft, from the ponderous Atlantic liner to the Chesapeake Bay oyster pungy. Typical Chesapeake Bay Steamer 75 TH&- BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE A GREAT GRAIN PORT Baltimore ranks second in American ports for exports of grain, and at times leads other ports in exports of corn and oats. At the railroad owned and operated elevators of the Balti- more and Ohio, Pennsylvania Railroad and Western Maryland Railway there are facilities for the prompt unloading and storage of rail-hauled grain, also for immediate transfer to ocean vessels lying in deep water alongside. All the export elevators are supplied with grain driers, so that the product that needs conditioning can be taken care of in a manner to avoid depreciation. Aside from the large ele- vators for ocean ships, the Baltimore and Ohio and Pennsyl- vania railroads have up-town elevators for domestic grain. The Western Maryland Railway recently completed a modern fireproof elevator to serve both domestic and export purposes and is now doubling its capacity. Baltimore Chamber of Commerce Weighing and Inspection Departments have highest standards and maintain them, thus giving satisfaction at home and abroad. The financial institutions of Baltimore render excellent service in supplying funds for the handling of these exports. Foreign exchange to the extent of $50,000,000 per annum is created by our grain merchants. One of Baltimore's Great Grain Elevators 77 nd is having direct rried through Balti- BALTIMORE AND THE PANAMA CANAL The Panama Canal is having a direct and far-reaching in- ence upon Baltimore. Why? Almost every page of this book contributes to the answer. Itimore. to begin with, is on an almost direct line with the west coast of South America, and is nearer the Canal than any other of the large cities of the Atlantic Coast. These important facts are very comprehensively shown on the accompanying map. With that rugged barrier, the Isthmus of Panama, no longer barring the way, the great west coast opens up untold and culable opportunities for commerce, ut why Baltimore? Because trade, like almost everything, follows the course of least resistance. It traverses natural lanes if it can, and the thing that makes a lane natural or unnatural is largely geographical position. ore's position is splendid. se of this, the Canal has had upon this City. South American trade comes to or is c ;, because it benefits those who take advantage of the oppor- tunity the City offers. Baltimore does not expect people to bring their business here for its enrichment. The point is, they benefit and enrich themselves by so doing. Look at the situation. The Baltimore Book is laden with facts that bear out the assumption that Baltimore is a natural trade route from Panama and is destined to become a great distributing depot for transcanal trade. Lower freight rates than enjoyed by any other city of the Atlantic Coast will draw merchandise here from an extensive area of the United States, and just here an important combination is effected. Low freight rates, a shorter land and sea distance. Hence the natural lane; the course of least resistance. No obstacles in the guise of excessive rates to, or from, the western and northwestern sections of the United States, and a short voyage to the Canal. There are many other considerations, all arguments in favor of Baltimore. Its splendid harbor. Covered wharves, from which ships lying in deep water alongside may be loaded ; devices for the rapid handling of bulk cargoes, including coal. Three great trunk line railway systems connect Baltimore with the rich mining and agricultural regions of the West. Baltimore lies nearer these regions, let it be repeated, than any other large city of the Atlantic Coast. Then there will always be return cargoes for ships — a most important consideration. The vessel that comes here with the forest products of the North Pacific Coast, fruits or vegetables from California, bulk commodities from Central or South America, goes forth again freighted with coal, manufactured products of iron and steel, machinery, paints and mixed merchandise, for Baltimore is very the producing regions of these commodities. Central and South American countries require railroad equipment. Their agricultural and industrial development de- pends upon such. These countries want machinery of all sorts, clothing, hats, etc., and Baltimore stands ready to supply needs, for it is in the manufacture of these articles that it pies a commanding position. Truly, there is no need for apprehension concerning return cargoes. With great railroad piers, open and covered; with storage es; with a great Municipal pier system, which is being extended ; with shorter rail haul to Northern and Western cities and manufacturing districts than is enjoyed by other Atlantic ports; with the activities of the City Administration earnestly employed in the development of these facilities; with these and the multiplicity of other advantages set forth in The BALTI- MORE Book, who can successfully dispute that commerce with the West Coast via the Panama Canal will be greatly stimu- lated and developed. It is gaining impetus. Baltimore has a splendid plant, which is being utilized to the mutual ad- vantage of the City and commercial interests. .. ,,.< , • * ; .■■■ ' VvViA /COMPARATIVE freight rate tables and mile- ^-' age schedule, which shows conclusively the great advantage enjoyed by Baltimore, because of its geographical location. 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O m rN m O in en • — insOcsO^in rr o cs -t' n r>C d cs - r» ^ N cn in cn en m en m in Hf(f>r.p.HHNNHNNNBNN 0) a> in 'tin^ttcoincoBHCNTtMin^ *oo*«Mf)Hot>cNtiN>-icocNtNCNincn*t ^ Tf ^" CO CO to in co in ^ Tf ^ tj< w co n d o 1 X o o to to CO oi w 6 in co N M S N CO 00 N CO CM 00 2 S I u S _ U o U U U c > I < Q u > z -^ d z D td X a 1 X > a) < r cn 5 n H o pq H -J PL, a. < O Q D -J Qu n u c -r m C CD k* 6 « o w. TO C 3 m V -13 1'3 E go V tej V CQ -a a H 83 rsN , t\OCO^ T l"iA\ONNCONO N fOiNO s lNin — "f T H — cot^-^-r^o^r^invOOr^coC^coO^rc^OcOvOCNinin ooH(oo»isTfooNi»aiaih'a>■' u J Q S o i i d < > J < < d <: S ci u u a a Z c/l • dinyyzj^do.>50l oppss _ Q hZHJ O.J J,. QZ'Z I T <)M]\ waters °f tne Chesapeake Bay and tributary rivers The railroads — Baltimore and Ohio, Pennsylvania and Western Maryland — have carfloats, large docks with ware- houses, cranes and facilities for receiving, storing and shipping all kinds of raw material and manufactured articles. Lighterage companies have a multiplicity of tugs, scows and lighters, ex- pediting commerce of the port, which is rapidly growing. The Baltimore and Ohio system has domestic and export elevators, hay sheds, terminals and storage warehouses, coal piers, and maintains general offices in Baltimore. The Balti- more and Ohio freight yards are extensive and reach all por- tions of the City. About 1 0,000 employees are located in Baltimore. The yearly Baltimore pay roll of this company is $6,900,000. The Pennsylvania Railroad system has division offices in Baltimore and extensive terminals. The company's export and domestic elevators, hay sheds and many terminal and storage warehouses are of the usual high type, and a new passenger station facilitates travel. The Western Maryland Railway, like the other railroads above named, has freight terminals in the business district and storage warehouses at convenient locations. In addition, docks, grain elevator, coal piers and warehouses on the waterfront give it opportunities for prompt handling of export, import and domestic shipments. The co-operation between the Western Maryland and New York Central lines through the extension from Cumberland to Connellsville, and connection with the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad, greatly benefits Baltimore, since new tonnage is 85 NEW UNION STATION, PENNA. R. R. MT. ROYAL STATION, B. & O. R. R. THE- BALTIMORE BOOK "l( handled between Baltimore and the West under attractive conditions. The Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad, operating be- tween Baltimore and York, Pa. (77 miles), has a large dairy and slate, as well as suburban passenger business. The Canton Railroad is a terminal railroad of Baltimore, offering connecting line switching service on advantageous terms to industries located on the extensive waterfront property of the Canton Company. This is an industrial company offering exceptional opportunities to factories. PLANTS AND MACHINERY THAT ARE EXEMPT FROM TAXATION Mechanical tools, implements, machinery and manufacturing apparatus actually employed in the manufacture of articles of commerce in Baltimore are exempt from City and State taxes, provided application be made annually before a specified time. Following is a table cf exemptions from 1896 to 1915: 1896 $3,405,055 1897 4,695,518 1898 4,829,912 1899 4,178,945 1900 5,593,270 1901 4,671,730 1902 4,875,396 1903 5,734,446 1904 6,203,784 1905 6, i 77,262 1906 7,527,328 1907 8,067,442 1908 8,842,573 1909 8,868,644 1910 9,434,978 1911 9,829,312 1912 10,406,817 1913 11,415,810 1914 1 1,789,867 1915 1 3,498,632 87 THf^ BALTIMORE BOOK COAL AND COKE The position Baltimore occupies in its ability to move, by rail and water, bituminous coal from the enormous deposits in Maryland and West Virginia gives the City a commanding position in the soft coal trade. Baltimore is very near these great deposits and in this and other respects is at a decided advantage, with particular refer- ence to its railroad terminals. The Baltimore and Ohio is increasing its facilities for hand- ling coastwise and export coal by building another huge coal pier, and the Pennsylvania Railroad is also constructing another colossal coal pier. The Western Maryland Railway's Port Covington coal terminal, like the others, is always a scene of shipping activity and thousands of tons are put aboard vessels annually. The United States Collier "Newton" took on 7,500 tons of coal in three hours and forty-five minutes at the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad pier. This is a sample of rapid loading. The short haul from the coke ovens to Baltimore and near- ness of limestone deposits makes this City an ideal place for the smelting of foreign ores. Steel, too, is manufactured and con- verted into railroad and building supplies under advantageous conditions, to be later sent by water at low cost to home or foreign ports. Picturesque Lazaretto Light, at the Entrance of Baltimore Harlor m THt^ BALTIMORE BOOK STEAMSHIP LINES (These lines run under normal conditions. It is understood, of course, that the whole maritime world has been disorganized by the European War, and the Port of Baltimore with all others has been affected.) Baltimore, being one of the great ports of the Atlantic Coast, is in constant commercial intercourse with all parts of the world. There is a score or more lines of steamships engaged regu- larly in foreign trade, and they are represented by a multiplicity of vessels. Foreign steamship lines having regular sailings, under normal conditions, from Baltimore are: To— Aberdeen, Scotland — Handled by trans-shipping, via Leith, Scotland. Amsterdam, Holland — Holland-America Line. Antwerp, Belgium — Red Star Line. Belfast, Ireland — Lord Line. Bremen, Germany — North German Lloyd. Christiania, Norway 1 Copenhagen, Denmark j Scandinavian-America Line. Dublin, Ireland — Lord Line. Dundee, Scotland — Handled by trans-shipping, via Leith, Scotland. Emden, Germany — North German Lloyd Line. Glasgow, Scotland — Donaldson Line. Hamburg, Germany — Hamburg- American Line. Havana, Cuba — Munson Line. Havre, France — Atlantic Transport Line. Leith, Scotland — -Furness Line. Liverpool, England — Johnston Line. London, England — Atlantic Transport Line. Manchester, England — Furness-Johnston-Manchester. Newcastle, England — Handled by trans-shipping, via Leith, Scotland. Rotterdam, Holland — Holland-America Line. 91 THE: BALTIMORE BOOK Aside from the above, there are hundreds of steamships of the "tramp" or transient class, which are constantly arriving or leaving port; also that rapidly-vanishing class of vessels, the "square riggers." Steamships which regularly ply between Baltimore and Atlantic Coast ports are fitted for first-class passenger service, as well as freight. Commodious steamers leave daily, going north and south, carrying many passengers and tons of freight. It is estimated that 1 3,000 craft of all character sail be- tween Baltimore and points on Chesapeake Bay and its tribu- taries. These vessels traverse all navigable waters of Mary- land and Virginia, touching at the larger cities and numerous obscure landings. Bay steamers, as a rule, are large and modern, having excellent passenger accommodations. The oyster pungy, other small sailing craft and a multitude of power boats carry much of Baltimore's Chesapeake Bay com- merce. Qreat Grain Elevators of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 93 A GLIMPSE OF THE SUBURBS The country is very picturesque and offers limitless opportunities for splendid development THtr BALTIMORE BOOK (Domestic Section) LIVING CONDITIONS Baltimore a City of Owned Homes; Reasonable Food Prices; Cheap Rents and Fine Markets; Excellent Street Car Service; Excep- tionally Good Climate; Oysters, Crabs and all Edibles in Abund- ance; Baltimore offers a Great Opportunity to "Live Well.' S§§§ T has been stated that Baltimore is a City of homes. It is more than this. Baltimore is a City of OWNED homes. Houses of any class may be ^j§§ purchased upon terms that place OWNERSHIP within reach of the most humble wage-earner. The report of the British Board of Trade, which some years ago made an exhaustive inquiry into the cost of living in American cities, lends force to this statement. It says: "House ownership among the working classes of Baltimore has made great progress, and among American cities Baltimore claims to take a leading place in this respect. The singb family dwellings enjoy an absolute predominance in Baltimore. "The number of building loan societies is very large, some 200 having meeting places in the City. The future owner (purchaser) must, as a rule, provide about one-third of the proposed cost of the dwelling, and the society advances the balance and issues shares to the same amounts, upon which interest of 6 per cent, is charged until they are paid up; but in the meantime the borrower is entitled to dividends upon these shares." Although this report, as stated, is not a recent document, nevertheless the situation concerning Baltimore, as it impressed the foreign investigators, is not only interesting, but highly im- portant. It gives one an opportunity to see Baltimore "as others see it." 45 SUBURBS OF BALTIMORE Well paved streets and boulevards, flanked by stately mansions TH& BALTIMORE BOOK Baltimore is described as a "City of practically no tene- ments,'' as the tenement evil is understood in connection with other cities, and the report is authority for the statement, which is an established fact, that a house in Baltimore can be rented for about one-half a similar house in a like neighborhood can be rented for in New York. Baltimoreans, at least, know how to live. Of the 1 15,795 private dwellings (apartment houses not included) in the City, about 55 per cent, are two stories in height, modern in every detail, and are usually very attractive. Many of the latest styles are "detached," have ornamental bay windows, and each, by law, must be provided with a bathtub and the best sanitary appliances. A real home in Baltimore is within reach of all. And this home is on a good street, in a respectable neighborhood. Balti- moreans are not stowed away in the uppermost stories of un- healthy, insanitary tenement houses, with dubious and doubtful associates under the same roof, and in an atmosphere of social, physical and moral impurity. Baltimore has many stately mansions amid the environment of wealth and dignity, which are very impressive, but the thou- sands of small dwellings, sheltering thousands of contented families, each dweller in his or her own "castle," offer a splendid object-lesson. The excellent system of street car lines enables a person to reach any part of Baltimore for a 5-cent fare, which also in- cludes one free transfer. This is a great boon to the wage- earner who desires to live in the open, away from the office, factory or workshop. 97 BALTIMORE MARKETS Three views of Lexington Market, possibly the most famous in the country THE- BALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE MARKETS The habit of "going to market" is so fixed a custom, and so generally pract ;ed as a part of the domestic routine by the Baltimore housekeeper, that markets are supported and flourish as they do nowhere else. Moreover, the markets, on market days, are one of the sights of the City. Few strangers come to Baltimore who do not join the picturesque throng at one of these centers. To see these markets in "full blast" is indeed in- teresting. Not only the markets themselves, but all approaches for squares take on the market environment. Along the streets are hundreds of wagons, converted into stalls, and scores of improvised shops line the curb; the flower-girl, the ubiquitous faker, the country folk, the thrifty housewife, making her dis- criminating purchases, is a spectacle well worth witnessing. Lexington Market is the most noted and is, possibly, without a serious rival in the country. It is very central, being con- tiguous to, in fact within, the retail shopping district. It is three squares long, but the market's "sphere of influence" ex- tends for squares in all directions. All markets are owned and under the control of the Mu- nicipality. Centre Market, built after the fire of February, 1904, on the site of Marsh Market, which was destroyed, is a splendid modern structure. It cost $500,650 and the buildings extend from Baltimore to Pratt street, three blocks. There are two great halls over the northern (Baltimore street) end, which are used by the night classes of the Maryland Institute. Twelve hundred pupils may be comfortably accommodated here. There is also another large hall above the produce section, which will seat 2,500 persons. The wholesale and retail fish market, connected with the Centre, has been pronounced the most complete in the world. The Baltimore markets are: Belair, Canton, Centre, Cross Street, Fells Point, Hanover, Hollins, Lafayette, Lexington, Northeast, Richmond. 99 BALTIMORE'S FOOD SUPPLY Produce and Fish Markets TH& BALTIMORE BOOK A NOTED FOOD SUPPLY CENTER L§W!!"SPP ALTIMORE'S markets are a success because "4fltes J MONUMENTS OF BALTIMORE (Continued) Poe Wallace Caecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore) TH& BALTIMORE BOOK Mill erected by Jonathan Hanson, who acquires 31 acres, at about the point where Bath and Holliday streets intersect 1711 Iron ore discovered at Whetstone Point. This tract was resurveyed March 29, 1723, and passed into the hands of the Principio Furnace Company, which concern seems later to have started smelling works in other parts of the Colony of Maryland. . . . 1723 Note — There is no little confusion concerning the early grants and patents, which were sometimes reconveyed, and others became the subject of litigation, but the foregoing, as conspicuous transactions and incidents, are sufficient for pres- ent purposes to show that the history of Baltimore antedates 1729-30, when the town was officially laid out. Act authorizing "erection" of Baltimore Town passed.... 8 Aug., 1729 First meeting of Town Commission 1 Dec, 1 729 Town Commission meet and officially survey 60 acres 12 Jan., 1730 Jones Town, east of Baltimore Town, laid out 22 Nov., 1732 P. E. Parish Church, built on site afterwards occupied by St. Paul's Church, corner Charles and Saratoga streets, begun 1 730, com- pleted 1 739 Baltimore and Jones Town consolidated and incorporated as Balti- more Town 1 745 Subscription of £100 by citizens for building a market-house and town-hall, erected 10 years later, at northwest corner Gay and Baltimore streets 23 Apr., 1751 Thirty-two acres annexed, known as "Hall's Addition," to Balti- more Town 1 753 Mount Clare House erected by Charles Carroll, barrister, built of imported brick 1754 A number of Acadian exiles settled in Baltimore 1756 Baltimore made the county seat, and courthouse erected where Battle Monument now stands 1 763 Mechanical company organized, and a fire-engine purchased 1769 First umbrella in the U. S. (brought from India) used here 1772 Baptist Church erected corner Front and Fayette streets, afterwards site of the Shot Tower 1 773 First newspaper, the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, established by William Goddard; first issue 20 Aug., 1773 Stage route opened to Philadelphia 1773 First Methodist meeting-house in Baltimore built in Strawberry alley Nov., 1 773 Lovely Lane Methodist Meeting-house erected in Baltimore. . .Oct., 1774 149 Baltimore's splendid water front offers unexcelled opportunities for manner of aquatic sports and pastimes THtr BALTIMORE BOOK Capt. William Perkins arrives at Marblehead with 3,000 bushels of Indian corn, 20 barrels of rye and 21 barrels of bread sent by the people of Baltimore for the poor of Boston 28 Aug., 1774 Baltimore contains 564 houses and 5,934 inhabitants 1775 St. Peter's Church (Roman Catholic), on Saratoga and Charles streets, built and occupied 1 770- 1 775 Continental Congress holds its session in Congress Hall, corner Bal- timore and Liberty streets 20 Dec, 1776, to 20 Jan., 1777 First notable riot in Baltimore. Mr. Goddard of the Maryland Journal beset in his office by excited members of the "Whig Club," who took exception to an article in his paper lauding King George and Parliament 25 Mar., 1777 Count Pulaski organizes his corps in Baltimore Mar., 1778 First custom-house erected I 780 Paving of the streets begun 1 78 1 First brick theatre in Baltimore erected on East Baltimore street, nearly opposite the Second Presbyterian Church; opened with the play, "King Richard III" 15 Jan., 1782 Regular line of stage coaches established to Fredericktown and Annapolis 1 783 Policemen first employed 1 784 Three new market-houses erected 1 784 Streets first lighted with oil lamps 1 784 The Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States of America organized Dec, 1 784 Methodist Church built on northwest corner Light street and Wine alley; begun Aug., 1785; dedicated by Bishop Asbury, 21 May, 1785 First destructive flood recorded 5 Oct., 1 786 St. Mary's College (Seminary of St. Sulpice) established 1791 Presbyterian Church erected on northwest corner Fayette and North streets (afterwards razed to give place to the U. S. Courthouse, I860; later torn down, in 1908, to make way for Postoffice extension) 1 79 1 Bank of Maryland organized 1 791 Yellow fever epidemic Aug. to Oct., 1 794 Bank of Baltimore incorporated 24 Dec, 1 795 First directory of Baltimore Town and Fell's Point published.... 1796 Act passed to lay out and establish a turnpike from the city of Washington to Baltimore Town 31 Dec, 1796 Baltimore Town incorporated as a city; population 20,000, 31 Dec, 1796; began as an incorporated institution 1797 151 Y. M. C. A. BUILDING-FRANKLIN AND CATHEDRAL STREETS The Association is splendidly housed in Baltimore, and its beneficial influence is far-reaching TH& BALTIMORE BOOK First Mayor, James Calhoun, elected 16 Jan., 1797 Marine Observatory was first established on Federal Hill 1797 Library Company of Baltimore, afterwards merged with the Mary- land Historical Society, incorporated. (Library contained 4,000 volumes in 1800) 20 Jan., 1797 Maryland Society for promoting the abolition of slavery, and the relief of free negroes and others unlawfully held in bondage, formed in Baltimore; the fourth in the U. S 8 Sept., 1798 Baltimore American and Daily Advertiser first issued. (Successor of Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, established 1773) 14 May, 1799 On the 1 5th of December news of the death of General Washington reached Baltimore, and on the first day of Janu- ary, 1800, commemorative funeral rites were held. The militia, including the regulars at Fort McHenry, and citizens, many from the country surrounding Baltimore, formed a pro- cession at the "Head of Baltimore street,' where an appro- priate address was delivered by Rev. Dr. Allison. From thence the procession went to Christ Church. A bier was carried into the edifice, and the funeral services were conducted by Rev. Dr. Bend. There was a concourse present. As a result of this demonstration, sundry bills against the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore were rendered, gen- erally upon fragments of paper. These have been mounted, anc 1 are on exhibition at the City Library. President Adams passes through Baltimore, June 15, 1800, from Washington. The Mayor and City Council presented him an address of welcome 15 June, 1800 (Original document — President's reply — at City Library.) Petition of protest against erection of a City Hall 1801 (Original document at City Library.) Jerome Bonaparte and Miss Elizabeth Patterson married in Balti- more 24 Dec, 1803 Union Bank of Maryland organized and chartered 1804 Mechanics' Bank incorporated 1806 Corner-stone of Roman Catholic Cathedral laid 7 July, 1806 Baltimore Water Company formed with capital of $250,000, 30 April, 1804, and water first supplied through cast-iron pipes (water taken from Jones Falls) May, 1 807 153 GOUCHER (Woman's College) COLLEGE MARYLAND INSTITUTE-School of Art and Design THJt BALTIMORE BOOK Courlhouse building on North Calvert street, corner Lexington, be- gun, 1805; occupied 1809 Note — -The above building was torn down to make place for the present marble structure. Mob destroys the office of the Federal Republican 27 July, 1812 "New Theatre," afterwards called "Holliday Street Theatre," opened 10 May, 1813 First steamboat built in Baltimore, the Chesapeake, constructed by William McDonald & Co 1813 British forces under General Ross advance against the City, 12 Sept., 1814 Engagement at North Point, General Ross killed 12 Sept., 1814 Fort McHenry bombarded by British fleet 1 2- 13 Sept., 1814 "The Star-Spangled Banner" was composed by Francis Scott Key, while on board the United States ship Minden, during the bombardment of Fort McHenry. "The Star-Spangled Banner" printed in the Baltimore American and Daily Advertiser 21 Sept., 1814 Corner-stone of the Washington Monument laid (height of monu- ment, 180 feet) (completed 25 Nov., 1824) 4 July, 1815 Corner-stone of Battle Monument laid (erected in honor of Balti- moreans killed defending the City in 1814) (monument finished 12 Sept., 1822) 12 Sept., 1815 Population of Baltimore increased 16,000 by annexation of the precincts 1816 Maryland Hospital incorporated 29 Jan., 1816 St. Andrew's Society incorporated I Feb., 1816 Medical Society of Maryland incorporated 1 Feb., 1816 First building lighted with gas, Peale's Museum on Holliday street, afterwards Old City Hall 1816 Several months later, the Gaslight Company of Baltimore (the first company in America), producing and selling gas for illumi- nating purposes, was incorporated. The original incorporators were Peale, Long, William Lorman, James Mosher and William Gwynn. St. Paul's P. E. Church erected on corner Saratoga and Charles streets; cornet -stone laid 4 May, 1814; completed at cost of $126,140 1817 Disastrous freshet in Jones Falls; part of the City called the "Meadows" overflowed to depth of 10 to 15 feet. . . .8 Aug., 1817 President Monroe visits Baltimore 1819 (For correspondence relative thereto, see exhibit at City Library.) 155 rat- «** ,* **< '4£.^il l-<,j}\-~~' r , ~ ''{.,:: .,, .; ,53 t 1 ' ! \ ' \\ ■ ; = ma —if! ^t i ■ I HnS Tflgs B ^^S^ : ' ;: ■f, ■"':■}■ ■■'•«..- ■ ■ * • ■ H£\ fl ■ THEr BALTIMORE BOOK First Odd Fellows' Lodge in America, Washington Lodge No. I, organized at Fell's Point, 13 April, 1819, through the efforts of Thomas Wildey. It received a charter from the Duke of York's Lodge at Preston, Lancashire, England 1 Feb., 1820 Exchange Building (Custom-house, torn down 1902), Water, Gay, Lombard streets, opened for business June, 1820 Roman Catholic Cathedral (begun 1806) consecrated by Arch- bishop Mareschal 31 May, 1821 Disastrous fire; 3 lumber yards and 25 to 30 buildings, mostly warehouses, burned 23 June, 1822 Statue placed on Battle Monument 12 Sept., 1822 Corner-stone of Baltimore Athenaeum at southwest corner St. Paul and Lexington streets, laid 10 Aug., 1824 General Lafayette visits Baltimore 7-11 Oct., 1824 Washington Monument (the first monument erected in honor of George Washington) completed 25 Nov., 1824 Mrs. Ellen Moale (first white child born within the town of Balti- more) dies Mar., 1 825 Erection of Barnum's City Hotel begun 1825 Maryland Academy of Science and Literature incorporated. (Con- tinued until 1844) 16 Feb., 1826 First exhibition of Maryland Institute 7 Nov., 1826 Subscription books for stock of Baltimore & Ohio Railroad opened; $4,178,000 taken by 22,000 subscribers 20-27 Mar., 1827 First banking-house opened by Evan Poultney in Baltimore street, June, 1 828 Foundation stone of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad laid by the Masonic Grand Lodge of Maryland, assisted by Charles Car- roll of Carrollton 4 July, 1828 Shot-tower (Phoenix Company), 234 feet high, circular, and of brick, built without scaffolding, completed 25 Nov., 1828 Corner-stone of the Baltimore & Susquehanna Railroad (later Northern Central Railroad) laid, and centennial of Baltimore celebrated 8 Aug., 1829 First public school opened 24 Sept., 1829 Old Baltimore Museum, northwest corner Baltimore and Calvert streets, opened 1 Jan., 1 830 (Building sold to B. & O. R. R., March, 1874.) First steam car was run on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. on -28 Aug., 1830 Epidemic of cholera July-Sept., 1832 157 Tm~ hALTIMOR-E 1 I^OOK Charles Carroll of Carrolllon, the last survivor of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, aged 95, dies at Baltimore.... 14 Nov., 1832 Bank of Maryland fails 24 Mar., 1834 Baltimore and Washington Railroad was opened 25 Aug., 1834 Riot, growing out of failure of Bank of Maryland Aug., 1835 First issue of the Baltimore Sun 17 May, 1 837 Sudden freshet in Jones Falls; 19 lives lost; Harrison and Fred- erick streets 10 feet under water 14 July, 1837 City of Kingston, first steam vessel from Baltimore to Furope di- rect, leaves port 20 May, 1838 Baltimore Academy of Visitation opened, 1837; chartered 1838 Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, the first of dental colleges, and for many years the only dental college in the world, was chartered 1 839 Greenmount Cemetery dedicated 13 July, 1 839 Mercantile Library Association organized 14 Nov., 1839 St. Vincent de Paul's Church, corner-stone laid by Archbishop Eccleston, 21 May, 1840; dedicated 7 Nov., 1841 Fxplosion of steamer Medora, just about to start on her trial excur- sion; 27 killed; 40 wounded 15 Apr., 1842 Irancis Scott Key, author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," died II Jan., 1843 Adams Express Company was established in Baltimore 1843 Historical Society of Maryland organized; Gen. John Spear Smith, first president 27 Jan., 1844 Omnibus line established May, 1844 Magnetic telegraph from Washington city to B. & O. R. R. depot, Pratt street, near Light street, wires covered with rope-yarn and tar, completed; first communication, "What hath God wrought!" received 27 May, 1844 Corner-stone of St. Alphonsus' Church laid, 1 May, 1842; church dedicated 14 Mar., 1845 Maryland Institute for the promotion of the mechanics' arts or- ganized 12 Jan., 1848 Fire destroys 60 dwellings, breaking out in a cotton factory in Lex- inrton street, near Fremont 28 May, 1848 Howard Athenaeum and Gallery of Art, northeast corner Baltimore and Charles streets, opened as a theatre 12 June, 1848 Baltimore Athenaeum opened and edifice inaugurated 23 Oct., 1848 Baltimore Female College opened 1848; chartered 1849 159 THE- BALT11MQR& BOOK If Edgar Allan Poe dies in Baltimore, aged 40 years 7 Oct., 1849 Jennie Lind arrives in Baltimore (J. H. Whitehurst, "daguerreo- typist," bids $100 for first choice of seats at her first concert) . . 8 Dec, 1850 Corner-stone of Maryland Institute, Baltimore street and Marsh Market Space, laid March 13, 1851; the building was opened 20 Oct., 1851 Building destroyed in fire of 1904; new one (Centre Mar- ket) erected near same site, 1907. Reception to Louis Kossuth 27 Dec, 1851 Loyola College, Calvert street, near Madison, opened.... 15 Sept., 1852 Remains of Junius Brutus Booth, tragedian, arrived in Baltimore, his home, from Louisville, Ky., where he died 2 Dec. . . .9 Dec, 1852 Loudon Park Cemetery dedicated 14 July, 1853 Maryland School for the Blind opened 1853 Baltimore Orphan Asylum, Strieker street, near Saratoga, opened. . 10 Nov., 1853 Excursion train returning to Baltimore from Rider's Grove collides with accommodation train from Baltimore, near the Relay House; over 30 killed and about 100 injured 4 July, 1854 Water-works purchased by the City 1854 Trial of a steam fire-engine, the "Miles Greenwood," built at Cin- cinnati for the corporation of Boston; the first seen in Balti- more 2 Feb., 1 855 Erection of the new First Presbyterian Church, corner Madison street and Park avenue, begun July, 1855 Melee among the firemen; 2 killed; many injured 18 Aug., 1855 St. Paul's P. E. Church burned, 29 April, 1854; rebuilt and dedi- cated 10 Jan., 1856 Battle between Rip Rap Club and the New Market Fire Com- pany; many wounded; City election dispute 8 Oct., 1856 Election riot; Democrats and Know-nothings 4 Nov., 1856 Disastrous fire, 37-41 South Charles street; 14 persons killed by a falling wall 14 Apr., 1857 Strike on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and encounter between the militia and rioters 29 Apr. -2 May, 1857 Banks suspend specie payment 28 Sept., 1857 Maryland Club incorporated 24 Feb., 1858 Clearing-house established 8 Mar., 1858 Steam-fire engine, the "Alpha," the first owned by the Baltimore Fire Department, arrives in the City 18 May, 1858 161 THtr BALTIMORE BOOK Flood, almost as destructive as that of 1837, occurs 12 June, 1858 Ordinance passed for a partial paid City fire department ... .Sept., 1858 Reform Association organized at a mass-meeting in Monument Square 8 Sept., 1 858 Peabody Institute, endowed by George Peabody with $1,300,000, 1857; incorporated 9 March, 1858; corner-stone laid. .16 Apr., 1859 Police and fire-alarm telegraph adopted June, 1858; first put in operation 27 June, 1 859 First car placed on the City Passenger Railway on Broadway, and line opened 27 Oct., 1 859 Baltimore police force placed under State control 2 Feb., 1860 Reception to Japanese Ambassadors, guests of the United States Government 8 June, 1 860 Druid Hill Park, purchased by the City in September, 1860, opened. . 19 Oct., 1860 Attack upon the Sixth Massachusetts and Seventh Pennsylvania Regiments while attempting to pass through the City to Wash- ington; 12 citizens and 3 soldiers killed; 23 soldiers and sev- eral citizens wounded 19 Apr., 1861 Note — Seventh Pennsylvania Regiment sent back from President Street Depot in direction of Philadelphia. Scharf says: Citizens killed, 12; soldiers, 4; citizens Wounded, 4; soldiers, many. Colonel Jones of Sixth Masachusetts: Soldiers killed, 3. Mayor G. W. Brown: Soldiers killed, 4; citizens killed, 12; soldiers wounded, 36. — W. F. C. Gen. B. F. Butler takes military possession 13 May, 1861 Thomas Wildey, the "Father of Odd-Fellowship in the U. S.," dies in Baltimore, aged 80 years 19 Oct., 1861 Corner-stone of St. Martin's Roman Catholic Church, southeast corner Fulton avenue and Fayette street, laid 9 July, 1865 The Wildey Monument, erected by the Odd Fellows, corner-stone laid 26 April, 1865, is dedicated 20 Sept., 1865 Southern Relief Fair, in aid of the suffering poor of Southern States, held at the hall of the Maryland Institute, receipts $164,569.97 2-13 Apr., 1866 Maryland State Normal School opened 1866 Dedication of the Peabody Institute 25 Oct., 1866 Corner-stone of Masonic Temple, North Charles street, laid. . 20 Nov., 1866 Corner-stone of new City Hall laid 18 Oct., 1867 163 TH& LJALTIMOR.e- BOOK Excessive heat; thermometer 97 to 101 in the shade; 30 cases of sunstroke ; 2 1 fatal 16 July, 1 868 Most disastrous flood on record. A street car floats down Harrison street; the water reaches to the second story of buddings, and most of the bridges over Jones Falls, including the heavy iron bridge at Fayette street, are swept away 24 July, 1868 Maryland Institution for the Blind, on North avenue, near Guilford avenue (removed to Parkton, 1910), dedicated 20 Nov., 1868 Corner-stone of Mount Vernon Place Methodist Episcopal Church laid 26 Sept., 1869 Ford's Grand Opera House inaugurated. Shakespeare's "As You Like It," the opening play 3 Oct., 1871 Third National Bank robbed between banking hours Saturday and Monday; loss over $220,000 17-19 Aug., 1872 Initial number of the Evening News 4 Nov., 18/2 Thermometer 10 below zero night of 29 Jan., 1873 Church of the Ascension, Protestant Episcopal, destroyed by fire. . 12 May, 1873 Baltimore and Potomac tunnel, about ]]/% miles in length, begun June, 1871, and first passenger train passed through to Calvert Station 29 June, 1873 Union Railroad tunnel (Greenmount avenue to Bond street) begun May, 1871 ; completed June, 1873, and first train through. . 24 July, 1873 Most extensive fire to date (1873) in the City breaks out in a planing mill on Park and Clay streets; 113 buildings destroyed, includ- ing 2 churches, 3 schoolhouses ; loss, $750,000 25 July, 1873 Johns Hopkins dies, aged 79 24 Dec, 1873 Morning Herald established 1875 City Hall completed 1 875 Monument to Edgar Allan Poe (Westminster Presbyterian Church- yard) unveiled 17 Nov., 1 875 Johns Hopkins University, incorporated 24 August, 1867, endowed by its founder with $3,000,000, is opened 1876 Following a strike on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, on July 16, 1877, rioting occurred, and on the 18th troops were sent to Martinsburg — the President having issued a warning proclama- tion to the rioters. This was succeeded by strikes and riots on most of tbe leading railroads in the United States, accompanied by immense destruction of railroad property and freight. The riots were quelled by troops with considerable loss of life. On July 165 THtr BALTIMORE BOOK 20th a riot occurred at the Sixth Regiment Armory, in Balti- more, in which eleven persons were killed and several wounded. The occasion was the movement of the regiment to assist in quelling the railroad rioters. The trouble continued until the end of the month; on the 30th railroad travel was partially resumed July. 1 877 1 50lh anniversary of the foundation of the City celebrated, 10-15 Oct., 1880 Over 65 excursionists, principally from Baltimore, drowned by the giving way of the pier at Tivoli 23 July, 1883 Enoch Pratt Free Library, founded by Enoch Pratt with $1,250,000 in 1882, formally opened to the public 5 Jan., 1886 Great fire in Hopkins Place; loss, $2,000,000; 7 firemen killed and 6 injured 2 Sept., 1 888 Asylum for Feeble- Minded Children opened Jan., 1889 The Johns Hopkins Hospital, endowed with $3,500,000, opened. . 7 May, 1889 Six days' celebration of 75th anniversary of the defense of the City, begun 9 Sept., 1889 Twenty- two persons rescued from the wrecked steamship "Astoria" landed at Baltimore by the steamship "Decatur H. Miller". . 31 Aug., 1893 Panic during Yiddish performance at Front Street Theatre; 23 persons killed; others injured 27 Dec, 1895 Governor Lowndes approved the Act of the General Assembly, granting a new Charter to the City of Baltimore. .. .24 Mar., 1898 Great fire, which traversed 140 acres and destroyed 86 blocks in the heart of the City. Loss, variously estimated, possibly about $125,000,000 7-8 Feb., 1904 "Greater Baltimore Jubilee" to celebrate the rehabilitation of the City, begun 10 Sept., 1906 Y. M. C. A. building fund of $500,000 completed 13 Nov., 1906 New Custom-house opened 2 Dec, 1 907 Maryland Home Coming. The event was celebrated in Baltimore by parades and various official functions and festive demonstra- tions 13.19 Oct., 1907 New building of Maryland Institute, School of Art and Design, on Baltimore street and Market Space, dedicated 26 Nov., 1907 William Pinkney Whyte, who had been State Comptroller, Mayor of Baltimore, Governor of Maryland, U. S. Senator and lead- ing member of the Bar, died, aged 83 17 Mar., 1908 167 TH& HA. LT1NIOR.-K- HOOK New building, Maryland Institute, Mt. Royal avenue and Lanvale street, dedicated 23 Nov., 1 908 New building of Walters Art Gallery (containing the finest private collection of paintings in America) opened 3 Feb., 1909 Electric current, generated at McCall Ferry, Susquehanna River, introduced in Baltimore 14 Oct., 1910 F. C. Latrobe (seven times Mayor of Baltimore City) died, 18 Jan., 1911 John M. Hood Memorial unveiled 11 May, 191 1 Key Monument unveiled 15 May, 191 1 Celebration of 50lh anniversary of the ordination of Cardinal Gib- bons and the 25th anniversary of his elevation to the rank of Cardinal 6 June, 191 1 S. S. "Friedrich der Grosse," largest steamship to visit port, Balti- more to Bremen, sails 28 June, 191 I High pressure fire pipe line placed in service 23 Apr., 1912 Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic of Johns Hopkins Hospital opened. 1913 Ferdinand C. Latrobe (seven times Mayor of Baltimore) Monu- ment, Baltimore street and Broadway, unveiled 1 June, 1914 Centennial Celebration commemorating the Battle of North Point, bombardment of Fort McHenry by the British fleet and the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner by Francis Scott Key 6-13 Sept., 1914 Baltimore Flag adopted 11 Feb., 1915 Fallsway completed; Fallsway Monument, Guilford avenue. Falls- way and Chase street, unveiled 28 Feb., 1915 Buildings of the Johns Hopkins University at Homewood dedi- cated 21 May, 1915 Montebello Filtration Plant accepted by the City 13 Sept., 1915 Baltimore Symphony Orchestra concerts — instituted by Mayor Pres- ton — under Municipal support and patronage, began .. 1 1 Feb., 1916 Baltimore prize song, "Baltimore, Our Baltimore," the words by Folger McKinsey and the music by Mrs. Emma Hemberger, was sung the first time in public 22 Feb., 1916 BOOK OF FACTS 169 [_ Ml UJ uj UJ a: S- s c E S O £ I H K O < .ST < 2^ O -Sfe CD _£ IN THE REALM OF THE SPORTSMAN Mr. Sportsman, these pictures are for your special benefit. Isn t a visit to Baltimore worth while if only to go down to the water front and make a catch like this, or shoot the far famed Maryland canvas-back, like the chap in the "blind?" RACING ON THE CHESAPEAKE BAY All cities have buildings of one kind or another; many have certain things in common, but none have Baltimore's splendid water front with the unrivaled op- portunities it affords for pleasure A YACHTSMAN'S HAVEN Waters contiguous to Baltimore have many snug harbors and safe anchorages^ Boat clubs are numerous along the shores; the enjoyable aquatic activity irhole situation being one of Oj; A MOTOR BOAT DASH This thoroughly modern sport, with all its exciting accompaniments, is in great vogue among Baltimore watermen. The speed attained by these little boats is marvelous. ONE OF BALTIMORE'S SALT WATER RETREATS From this pleasure resoit pier one gets a view, obstructed only by the horizon, down the Chesapeake Bay FORT McHENRY-NOW A PUBLIC PARK HISTORIC POINTS -WAR OF 1812 North Point Monument, where fighting occurred. Old Methodist Meeting House (General Strieker's Headquarters) still standing. Hampstead Hill fatter- son Park) Earthworks. *i % TH& BALTIMORE- BOOK INDEX A PACE Amusements 115 Annex, Street Improvements in 15 Anthem, Municipal ("Baltimore, Our Baltimore") 6, 7 Aquat.c Sports 115, 177, 178, 179 Area of Baltimore City 1 03 Armory, Fifth Regiment 108, 109, 1 10, 176 Articles Manufactured in Baltimore 61, 63, 65 B Baltimore College of Dental Surgery 105 Baltimore Fire of 1904 4a, 11, 13, 188a Baltimore Flag 1 , 2 Baltimore Government II, 13, 15, 17, 35 Baltimore Harbor 4a, 32, 35, 62, 75, 89, 90, 188a Baltimore History 1 43- 1 69 Baltimore, Maps of 5,1 80a Baltimore Monument, Lord 1 48 Baltimore (or Battle) Monument 146 "Baltimore, Our Baltimore," Municipal Anthem 6, 7 Baltimore Street 120, 160, 172 Baltimore Suburbs 94, 96 Baltimore Symphony Orchestra 1 07 Baltimore Trade and Industrial Advantages 59 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. .. .31, 67, 72, 76, 77, 85, 86, 89, 93, 117 Baltimore and the Panama Canal 78a Baltimore and Vicinity (Map) 5 Baths, Public 46, 47 Bee Hive Buildings 71 Bee Hive of Industry 69 Board of Awards 35 Board of Estimates 35 Board of Trade 59 Board of Trade Report, British 95, 97, 101 Boat Lake, Druid Hill Park 17, 36 Boat Races 1 78 Bonding 71 Broadway 39, 42, 171 Builders' Exchange 31 Building Associations 95 Buildings, Historic 1 39 Buildings, Industrial 71 Buildings, Public 10, 12, 14, 16, 34 Burnt District 4a, 11, 13, 188a Burnt District Commission 13 Business Section 1 56, 1 88a 185 THB BALTIMORE BOOK INDEX— Continued C PAGE Calvert Monument, Caecilius (Lord Baltimore) 148 Calvert Street 1 22 Canton Railroad 87 Car Lines 97 Carroll, Fort 1 66 Carroll Park 38, 39 Chamber of Commerce 77, 79 Charles Street 132, 158, 162 Chronologically-arranged History of Baltimore 143-169 Chesapeake Bay 75, 93, 101 Chesapeake Bay Steamers 75 Churches 139, 140, 142 City College 49, 50 City Council 35 City Government II, 13, 35 City Hall 10, 34 City Register 35 City Solicitor 35 Civic Center 25 Clifton Park 38. 41 Climate 113 Coal Piers 78 Coal and Coke 89 College Fraternity Dance 1 75 Colleges (See Schools). Commerce and Transportation 73 Commercial Section 73-94 Comptroller 35 Conduit System, Electrical Underground 17, 55 Confederate Home 180 Confederate Soldiers and Sailors' Monument 136 Convention Halls 103, 109, 1 10, 176 Convention, National Democratic 1 76 Court House 12 Custom House 16 D Dam on Gunpowder River at Loch Raven 23, 24 Dam on Susquehanna River at McCall Ferry 66, 67 Dining Rooms, Hotel 1 73, 1 74 Disposal Plant, Sewerage System 19, 20, 21 Distances from Eastern to Southern and Western Cities 84 Docks 13, 28, 29, 30, 32, 56 Domestic Section 95-102 Druid H.ll Park. 1 7, 36, 37, 39, 40, 49, 1 1 5 Drydock "Dewey" 60 Dwellings 97 186 TH& BALTIMORE BOOK INDEX— Continued E PACE Eastern Female High School 50 Educational Center 1 05 Electrical Conduit System, Underground 17, 35 Enoch Pratt Free Library 105, 129 Eutaw Place 40, 134 F Factory Site Commission 31, 33 Fallsway 25, 26 Fallsway Monument 26 Federation of Labor 5\ Fifth Regiment Armory 48, 103, lO), 1 10, 176 Filtration Plant 22, 23 Fire Department 15, 52, 53 Fireboat "Deluge" 59 Fire of 1904 4a, II, 13, 99, 120, 188a Flag of Baltimore City 1 , 2 Food Supply 100, 101 Fort Carroll 166 Fort McHenry 41, 51 Freight Rates from Western Points 83 1" reight Rates to Southern Points 80, 81 Freight Rates to Western Points 82 Freight Sheds 58 Freight Warehouses 58 Freight Yards 72, 76, 88 G Goucher College 105, 1 54 Government of Baltimore 11, 13, 15, 17, 35 Grain Elevators 58, 64, 77, 93, 164 Grain Port 77 Gunpowder River 23, 24 Gwynn's Falls Park 37, 41 H Harbor 28, 32, 35, 62, 74, 75, 89, 90 Health Department 43 Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic 45 High Pressure Pipe Line (Fire Department) 15, 53 Highways: Key 13. 25, 27 Fallsway 25, 26 History of Baltimore 143-169 Homes, Owned and Rented 95 Hopkins Hospital, Johns 44, 45 Hopkins Mansion, Johns 38 187 THfir BALTIMORE BOOK INDEX-Continued H — Continued page Hopkins University, Johns 104, 105 Hospitals 43, 44, 45 Hotels 112, 113, 114 Hotel Dining Rooms 1 73, 1 74 Howard Monument, John Eager 144 Howard Street 1 26 I Immigrants 62, 90 Industrial Advantages 57 Industrial Buildings 71 Industrial and Trade Organizations 59 Industries 60, 61, 63, 65 Institutes (See Schools). Institutions, Financial 71 Interest, Points of I 19-141 J Jobbing Center 73 Jones Falls 25, 26 K Key, Francis Scott 27, 1 1 9 Key Highway 13, 25, 27 Key (or "Star-Spangled Banner") Monument 146 L Labor Troubles, No 69 Lake Erie and Pittsburgh Railroad 85 Lake Montebello 47 Lazaretto Lighthouse 89 Lexington Market 98, 99 Lexington Street 124 Library, Enoch Pratt Free 105, 129 Lighting System 156, 158, 160, 162 Light Street Wharf 54, 74 Living Conditions 95, 97 Loch Raven 23, 24, 41 Locust Point 72, 76 M McCall Ferry, Dam at 66, 67 McHenry, Fort 41, 51 McLane, Robert M 13 Machinery and Plants Exempt from Taxation 87 Manufacturing Establishments 61, 63, 65 THtr BALTIMORE BOOK INDEX -Continued M — Continued PAGE Maps of Baltimore 180a Map of Baltimore and the Panama Canal 78a Map of Baltimore and Vicinity 5 Markets 98, 99, 100 Marsh Market 99 Maryland Electric Railways Company 67 Maryland Institute 99, 105, 154 Maryland Steel Company's Plant 60 Maryland University 1 05, 1 06 Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad 87 Merchants and Manufacturers' Association 31 Merchants and Manufacturers' Association, Old Town 31 Merchants and Travelers' Association 31 Miscellaneous Section 1 03, 1 05 Monuments 26, 36, 102, 131, 133, 138, 144, 146, 148 Mount Royal Pumping Station 21 Mount Royal Station (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad) 39, 86 Mount Vernon Place 39, 138 Municipal Anthem, "Baltimore, Our Baltimore" 6, 7 Municipal Factory Site Commission 31, 33 Municipal Hospital (Sydenham Hospital) 43, 45 Municipal Journal 33 N National Convention, Democratic 109, 1 76 Newton, United States Collier 89 New Hampshire, United States Battleship 92 New York Central Railroad 85 Night Views of: Baltimore Street 1 60 Business Section 1 56 Charles Street 1 58 Northern Central Railway 64, 88 o Orchestra, Baltimore Symphony 1 07 P Panama Canal and Baltimore 78a Parks: Carroll 38, 39 Clifton 38, 41 Druid HU1 17. 36, 37, 39, 40, 49, 115 Fort McHenry Reservation 41, 51 Gwynn's Falls 37, 41 Patterson 38, 39, 46 Riverside 38, 39 189 THE- BALTIMORE BOOK INDEX— Continued P — Continued PAGE Patapsco River 55 Patterson Park 38, 39, 46 Paving Commission 15 Peabody Institute 105, 106 Piers: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 117 Coal 78 Immigration 90 Municipal 13, 28, 29, 30, 32, 56 Northern Central Railway 164 Pennsylvania Railroad 164 Recreation 13 Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad 85 Plants and Machinery Exempt from Taxation 57, 87 Playgrounds 63 Poe Monument 1 48 Points of Interest I 19-141 Police Department 51 Polytechnic Institute 48, 49 Population of Baltimore 103 Port Covington 89 Postoffice 14 Pratt Street 130 Preston, James H. (Mayor of Baltimore) 8 Public Baths 46, 47 Public Buildings 10, 12, 14, 16, 34 Pumping Station (Sanitary Sewerage System) 19 Pumping Station, Mount Royal (Water Department) 21 Q Quarantine Station 43, 55 Railroads: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 31, 67, 72, 76, 77, 85, 86, 93, 117 Canton Railroad 87 Maryland Electric Railways 67 Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad 87 New York Central Lines 85 Northern Central Railway 64, 88, 164 Pennsylvania Railroad 31, 77, 85, 86, 88, 164 Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad 85 Western Maryland Railway 13, 31, 77, 78, 85 Real Estate Exchange 31 Recreation Pier 13 Revolutionary War Monument 146 Riverside Park 38, 39 190 THE- BALTIMORE- BOOK INDEX— Continued S PAGE Sewerage System, Sanitary 13, 18, 19, 20, 2 1 Schools 48, 49, 50, 105, 139, 141, 154 Sharp Street 1 28 Shipbuilding Industries 60 Soldiers and Sailors' Monument 49 South Street 70 Sports, Aquatic 115, 1 77, 1 78, 1 79 Squares 39, 41 "Slar-Spangled Banner" (or Key) Monument 146 Stations: Mount Royal (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad) 39, 86 Union (Pennsylvania Railroad) 86 Stalues 135 Steamship Lines 91 Street Paving 15 Streets 25, 26, 70, 120, 122, 124, 126. 128, 130, 132, 134, 158, 160, 162, 168, 170, 171, 172 SuDurbs of Baltimore 94, 96, 103 Swimming Pool (Patterson Park) 46 Sydenham Hospital 43, 45 Symphony Orchestra 107 T Tables of Distances 84 Tables of Freight Rates £0, 81, 82, 83 Tablets Marking Points of Historic Interest 135, 137 Taxation, Plants and Machinery Exempt from 57, 87 Terminal Facilities 64, 72, 78, 85, 87, 88 Theatres Ill, 116, 117, 118 Tiade and Industrial Organizations 59 Transportation and Commerce 73 Travelers and Merchants' Association 31 u Underground Wires (See Conduits). Union Station (Pennsylvania Railroad) 86 Universities (See Schools). University of Maryland 105, 1 06 University Parkway 168 w Wallace Monument 1 48 Walters Art Gallery 105 Warehouses, Freight 58 Washington Monument 102, 138, 144 Water Pipe Line, High Pressure 15, 53 19| TH& BALTIMORE- BOOK INDEX— Continued W — Continued PAGE Water Supply 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 41, 47 Watson Monument (Mexican War) 144 Western Maryland Railway 13, 31, 77, 78, 85, 89 Wharves (See Piers). White Way, The Great 160 Wildey Monument 171 Woman's College (Goucher College) 105, 154 Y Yachtsman's Haven 179 Young Men's Christian Association 152 Qeorge. Peabody, Founder Peabodu Institute 192 45 8 LRBS'16 I