^=^^ ^ TU«^v*/' THE Dumb Animals FRIEND. ^^f SF 751 .H9 Copy 1 /f 1 1 ^1^ r n K DUMB HNIMFTEiS^ %^ FRIEND, OR, A GUIDE In tlie Care aocl treatment tjf Horses, Ctxttle, Hoj^s, Sheep and Hoiiltry, and a compilation of reel pes for tlie cure of their diseases. BY F. E. HUTV^PHREVS, D?^llms. Texhs. -^Ti^SH-. Copyrighted 1894, by F. E. Humphreys. PREFACE. In presenting this \V()rl< to the public, and particularly to the larniing class, the author would say that the observations and recipes are nearly all taken t'rom the con- tributions to the best Stock Journals, and from the highest medical authorities of the country, and are the results of years of observation and study. The author was for many years in the drug business, and daily, often hourly, had occasion to ])ut up or compound remedies for man and Ixuist. He therefore knows these remedies to be good for the diseases recommended. No farmer, in fact, no man, with only so much as a cow and chickens, should be without the iiiformati(ni here obtained and preserved in l)ook form. The book is ])rovided with a ]iretty full index, still you should read it all through so as to know its general scope; there are many recommendations not indexed. Many of the recipes are simple and you may simi)ly buy the articles and j)repare them yourself. I'ut on the (jther hand many must be put up by the druggist of expe rience. INIany of the recipes, those for external diseases in particular, contain very poisonous drugs; they should be labeled carefully and kept in a safe place. Of the leal value of this book you will learn oidy l»y experience. Very high prices have in many instances been paid for a single one of these re(Mpes. Here you get them all and much other valualile information for a reasonalde price. Lastly, 1 am a fiieiid to all dumb animals. Therefore I have tried to im])ress on you the necessity of care and kindness. If, \>y following these directions you save the trouble and expense of the medicines, it will be better for the animal and yourself. The man who is cross and brutal, careless and neglectful of his stock is apt to be so to his family and othei-s. He will never succeed. (Cultivate kindness, therefore, and your reward will be greater than money alone. The Author. q^ \\"^ INDEX. I'AGE HORSES— Cake of, Remeoies, Etc .J to 32 Ago of, to tell 6 Buy. liow to 5 IJifj Jaw and Higlicad. reiiicdics 7 Hots, how produced, to avoid & cure. S & !t Caliloniia Liuinicnt Hi Colic, cau.scs aud cui-c !) & 10 Cracked Heels ('oru.s, explanation and cure of Cribbiufj Canker in the Foot Catarrh Condition I'owder Tonic 11 & Condition J'owder, relaxin<;-, lor use in Scratches Condition Powder lor Stallion Chaff, to remove from the eye, (see under Cows) Curl) Drench, how to give 18 11 18 17 17 12 13 38 18 18 Distemper in Horses and Colts \'A & 17 Eye Water for liighead. Etc 13 Eye Water for \N'eak Eyes and for Cattle 13 Epizootic, i-emedy 11 Farcy U» Fetters, how to make, aud for Bulls. Rams, Etc ;iS Food, amount for working horses and kind for old 31 Foundered Horses 18 Galled Shoulders M Glanders and (Jleet I'.t Grease Heel, to cure 26 & 27 Horseman's Hope Liniment 24 Heaves, or Wind-broken 14 Hill's Liniment 15 InHammation of the liladder, symp- toms and treatment 1.") j Intiammation of the Bowels 18 | Ivicking and Runaway, how to cure. . 30 Lampers, or Lanii)as 19 Liniments, Oils, Salves, Etc., eight f 1.1 to 17 kinds ( and 25 Mange Cure •. 20 Toll Evil. Fistula, Etc 20 PAGE HORSES—CoxTiNiEi). Tawing in Stable and cure for 21 Physic or Turging in Scratches, Etc . 12 Ring Bone, cui'c for 22 Sore Tlii-oat 24 Spavin and Thoroughpin 22 ' Splints. Ointment for 23 Strangles 24 Sweeney Cure 23 & 25 Scratches, to avoid and cure 26 Surfeit, and cure 27 Thrush 29 \\'arts, to cure; and on piirsons 28 \N'ash for Scratches or Grease Heel . . 13 W^orms 28 & 29 Vicious Horses, to subdue and shoe. . 29 White Feet and Spots on the Fore- head, how to produce and niatcli . 30 CATTLE— Cows and Calves .32 to 38 Big Jaw 7 Calves, raising by hand 36 Caked IJreasts 34 Chafif, to remove from the eye 38 Choked 34 Coi)ulation, to prevent (see fetters). . 38 Diarrho'a 35 Drying olTCows aud other animals.. . 34 Eye water for Cows and other animals (see under h()rses) 13 Fardel 37 Fetters 38 Feeding, to increase flow ot milk .... 33 Foot Rot in Cattle 37 Fleshy Tumors, to cure 35 Garget 37 Hollow Horn 34 Hoven or Bloat 35 Itch, Mange 38 Indigestion of Calves and Cows 36 Kicking Cow, to prevent 36 Lice, to remove 35 Mange 38 Milk Fever, to avoid 32 Milk, to increase the flow 33 Murrain 37 IN DEX — CONTIXUED. PAGE CATTLE— CoXTixr ED. Oiutineiit for Swelled Bags and Teats 34 Over-eating, what to do 36 Ked Water 3S Scours, to cure 35 & 37 Tuinoi-s 35 Worms, Vermifuge for 35 HOGS— ("AKE AXI) CiKES 38 to 40 Cholera, to prevent 38 & 39 Cholera, to cure 39 Catarrh in Hogs 40 Charcoal for fattening 39 Diarrha>a, to cure 39 Kidney Worm, Fluke in Sheep 40 Lice, to destroy 40 Scurvey, simple remedy 10 Sows Eating Pigs, to cure of. 39 Mange or Jtch, (see under Cattle). ... 38 SHEEP — Cake of axd Remedies 40 to 45 Breeding 45 Can; of Sheej) in NN'inter 41 Care, what it will do 42 Copulation, to prevent (sec Fetters, under Cattle) 38 page SHEEP— CoxTixiEU. Constipation 45 Dogs vs. Sheep 42 Foot-Rot, prevention and -cure 42 & 43 Fluke, (see Kidney-worm, under Hogs) 40 Jnk for marking 44 Loss of Appetite 45 Scab Remedy 44 Scours 45 Ticks, Dip, and how to use 43 Wash, to keep from bai'king trees ... 44 POT'LTHY— 45 to 50 Average of Different Breeds as Layers 50 Bumble Feet, to prevent 50 Care of, Hemedies. Dust Baths, Water and Feed 45 & 46 Cholera, successful remedies 47 & 48 Egg Eating Hens, to cure 49 Eggs, to keep 49 & 50 Gapes, cause and cure 48 & 49 Pip 49 & 50 Houp, cause and cure 49 Scabby Legs, to cure 49 AVatci- Necessarv for 46 HORSES. Just a few remarks on tlieir disposition: 1st. — Tlie horse is naturally gentle, docile, teachable, proud, timid and obedient. He has memory and a knowledge of the character of men. These (jualities vary in different l>reeds, l)ut they predominate, and the liorse handled gently and eari'(l for properly from his birth will show them all. 1 have said the horse naturally has the above good i|ualilies, but you may so handle and educate him that he will show man_y bad qualities. "A balky man makes a balky hoi'se." A bad driver will make a l)ad horse. If you would have your liorse kind and gentle be itiiiformly kind and gentle to him. Never let a man cui-sc and scream at youi- horse or jerk the lines or Idt. Turn off a hand that won't show good judgment in the eare and numagement of 3'our horses. Don't let imi)atient or bad boys hantlle them. Study the horse and make his training and care next only to that of the human family, and you will have a noble aii. Never buy a horse while in motion: watch him while he stands at rest, and you will discover his weak points. If sound he will stand squarely on liis limbs with- out moving any of them, the feet planted Hat on the ground, with legs plump and nat- urally poised. If one foot is thrown forward with the toe pointing to the ground and the heel raised, or if the foot is lifted from the ground and the weight taken from it, disease of tlie navicular bone may be suspected, or at least, tenderness, which is pre- cursoi- of disease, if the foot is thrown out, the toe raised and the heel brought down, the horse has suffered from laminitis, founder or fever of the feet, or the back sinews have been sprained and he is of little future value. When the feet are all drawn together beneath the horse, if there lias been no disease there is a misplacement of the limbs, at least, and a weak disposition of the muscles. If the horse stands with his feet — 6— spread out or straddles with tlie liind legs, there is weakness of the loins, and the kid- ney's are disordered. 4. Never buv a horse with a Iduish or inilkish east in the eyes. They indicate a constitutional tendency to ophthalmia (soreness or weak eyes), moon blindness, etc. 5. Never have anvthing to do with a horse which kee])s his ears thrown l)ack: it is an invariable indication ol' bad temper. (). If a iiorse"s hind legs are scarred the fact denotes that he is a kicker. 7. If the knees are blemished the horse is apt to stumble. 8. When the skin is harsh and rough, and does not move easily and smoothly to the touch, the horse is a heavy eater and his digestion is bad. !). Avoid a horse whose respiratory organs are at all impaired. If the ear is ])laced at the side of the heart, and a wheezing sound is heard, it is an indication oi" troul)l('. Let him go." How to Judge the Age of a Horse. The following concise I'uh-s are from " Kendall's Treatise on the Horse," and arc generally correct. 1. Eight to fourteen days aftei' birth the first middle nippers of the set of milk teeth are cut: four to six weeks afterward, the pair ne.xt to them, and finally, after six or eisiht months, the last. All these milk teeth have a well defined bodv, neck and shouhlcr fang, and on their front surface grooves or furrows, which disajjpear from the middle nippers at the end of one year: from the next pair in two years, and from the incisive teeth (cutters) in three years. '2. At the age of two tiie ni])pers become loose and fall out. In theii- places api)ear two permanent teeth with deep, back cavities and full, sharp edges. At the age of three the next paii" fall out. At four years old the corner teeth fall out. At live years old the horse has his permanent set of teeth. o. The teeth grow in length as the horse advances in years, but at the same time his teeth are worn away by use, alxuit one-tweifth of an inch every year, so that the back cavities of the nijipers below disap|icar in the sixth year: those of the next pair in the seventh year, and those of the corner teeth in the eighth year; also the outer corner teeth of the up[)er and lower jaws just meet at eight years of age. At nine years old. cups leave the two center nippers above, and each of the two upi)er corner teeth have a little sharp protrusion at the extreme outer corner. At the age of ten the cups disappear from the adjoining teeth: at the age of eleven the cups disai)[)ear from the corner teeth above, and are only indicated by brownish spots. 4. The oval form becomes broader and changes, from the twe'fth to the six- teenth year, more and more into a triangular form, and teeth lose, finally, wMth the twentieth year, all regularity. There is nothing remaining in the teetii iliat can after- ward clearly show the age of the horse or justity the most experienced examiner in giving a positive opinion. 5. The tushes or canine teeth, conical in shape, with a sharp point and curved, are cut between the third and fourth year, their points become more and more rounded until the ninth year, and after that more and more dull in tiie course of years, and lose, finally, all regular shape. .Mares have freiiuently no tusks, or only faintly indicated. i How to Deliver a Ball. Horse Pill.) Draw the liorse's tongue yciitly to the 'ight, hoUl it with your left luiiul, raise liis head, put tlie l)all ou tlie roots of the tongue with the right liand. tlien let tlie head down a litth'. I>())i't rah tlie. gullet. Give tlie horse a swallow of water or a little hay and the hall will go down. Bigr Jaw in Horses and Cattle and its Remedy. 'i'he Live Stock Journal speaks of this disease as follows: "This is more pro{)- erly called 'dilation ofthejaw hones.' In horses it is sometimes called 'hig liend:' it is a l)ony tumor, in which the interior of the hone is al)sorl)ed, sometimes leaving a mere shell of hone divided into cells containing purulent or thick matter. This is sup- posed to he caused hy a detieiency of phosphate of lime in food, rendering the hones deficient in this most important element, and tlie following prescription is often given with good results: No. !, Phosphate Powder. Phos])hate of Lime (J o/,s. Powdei'ed (Jolden Seal . 2 ozs. Powdered Sassafras 3 o/.s. Powtlereil (dinger 2 ozs. Oatmeal 4 ozs. .Mix. This will 1)6 divided into l() parts, one given in the food every night. "This will have a tendency tf) restore the missing elements in the hone. And the general diet should he food rich in phosphates. ^'ou may get your phosphate of lime hy hoiling heef hones in lye of wood ashes, and al'tci' it is redn(;e(l line, wash with water and give a small (luantity daily in food. The first thing to do surgically is to open it ami let out any matter that it contains. Havi'ig removed tiie matter, inject the cavity with weak pyroligneijus acid or weak carlnilic acid. This will cleanse it and render healing possihle." Rkm.vkks. — I should prefer the pyroligneons acid to the carbolic, and one part of the acid to three of soft water would he weak enough to use at first; and afterwards one to two or even eijual parts, to speed its healing. Poth of these acids are disinfectants, i. e., remove had smells, as well as cleanse and h'-al, when used of proper strengths as al)ove. Big Head in a Colt, and the Remedy. "!>. P. .7.," of Uenzonia. Jjenzie County, Michigan, May 27th, 1880, wrote to the Post and Trihune, of Detroit, as to the contiition of his colt, as follows: "What ails the colt? in December I discovered a small lum|) or hunch coming on the left side of the face of my colt, halfway Ix-tween the eye and the nostril. This grew larger until about the size of a man's fist. I then opened it with a knife. 1 had been using Centaur liniment and iodine and it had softened a little. I had also used beef brine. Almost immediately another bunch began to grow below this or back of it, and now the side of the fa'-e is badly swollen and the colt is falling awav in fiesh. He is three years old this spi-inr use, like the following: No. 2. For Colic. r/audanuni 1 oz. Sulphuric Kther 1 oz. Chloroform I oz. Tincture of ('avenue Pepper 1 oz. Essence of Peppermint I oz. Tinct. of Helladoiina j oz. Mix. Dose — For a full size horse, (jive 1 tnhlespoonful in irarm water, \i pint, and repeat in 30 minutes, if not before relieved: or. put the pepi)er to steeping at once on giving the first dose of this, and if not relieved in 'M) minutes give the pepper tea, as in No. 1 above, instead of repeating this, would ln> preferable. Put, if no i>e[)pers are at band, repeat this as above without fear of injury. For I know that a dozen drops of chloro- foi'm in a spoonful of water has relieved gaseous dyspej)sia of persons, while this mi.\- ture has several other things in it making it more reliable in colic of horses, and would be good for jxM'sons in doses of i teaspoonful, repeated once or twice only, if not relieved in the half hour. No. 3. In the meantime, if there is great distention of the bowels by gas, which is al- most always the case in colic, do not overlook the importance of giving the tablespoon- ful of saleratus dissolved in water, i pint, to stop the fermentation of the food, which causes this gaseous condition: and also to have got ready a physic; containing i to f oz. of aloes dissolved in i pint of water, in which you have put another tablespoonful of sal»M-atus to make it dissolve, so it shall be quicker in its operation to carry off this fer- menting food. Recipe No. 4, for Colic. If very great pain still exists, or iloes e.xist at any time. <>ven as mucli as 2 ozs. of laudanum has been given, so also has '2 ozs. of ess. of peppermint, or 1 oz. of suli)huric ether, or i oz. of chloroform, or i oz. of hartsliorn. in i ])int of warm water, has and may be given: the laudanum to stop the pain, the others more to stop the fermentation and consequent distention of the stomach and bowels by the gas. Sometimes this gas is aided to pass off hy llie rectum l)y i; i \- i 1 1 i;- warm water injections, turning the horse's head (h)wn hill and |)iini|iinii- in freely all tlie howels will retain, even if it is a l)ucket- t'ul will do no harm, hut l)y its wettini:; and sorteninj^ intluence aids tlie escape of gas and also the quicker action of the physic, if one has heen given. if the gas is once started freel}' by the rectum consider your horse safe. But, lastly, in vo ca.sr nlloir the cruel custom of taking the horse out and running him, noi' even trotting him. iioi- "ruh his helly with a chestnut rail," nor Oic wicked and cruel system of laying him on his side and getting a big, heavy man with coarse boots to walk back and forth upon him. Some of the mixtures to relieve j)ain and stop the accumulation of the gas, then physic, and injections if needed, to start off the gas, must be the main dependence. And, 1 will only add, if you now allow your horses to die with colic, it is not the author's fault, but will be chargeable to yourselves by neglect- ing to have a supply on hand of what is liable to be needed any day. See infiamma- mation of the bowels. Corns, or Shoe Boil of Horses' Feet; Explanation of and Remedy. Corns, also called shoe boils, are generally the result of bad shoeing, i. e., allow- ing the heel of the shoe to rest too far in, upon the sole of the horse's foot. The}' should have their bearing upon the shell, or solid, outer [)ai't of the hoof: then there will be but few corns But when they exist, the soft and di.seased part of the sole must be cut away to allow the application of the following remedy: Sulphuric acid. . 1 oz. Nitro-muriatic acid -^ oz. Corrosive sublimate. 1 dr. Directions. — Add, little hy little, one of the acids to the other, in an earthen bowl, in the open air, to avoid breathing the fumes arising from them in mi.xing. Mash the corrosive sublimate finely and add it to tlie acids. Then, having pared and trimiiKMl down to the sore, iipj)ly the remedy with a swal> o!' pledget of lint and bind on till the corrosion or destruction of the hoof is stopjied: then apply a soft healing ointment. Rf,m.\1!Ks. — This is from my old friend Wallington, a farrier of long practice, which ought to be an assurance of its value; but knowing the nature of the prepara- tion, I can assure cinyone ii will be found just the thing desired. Do not get either of the acids on hands or clothing. Condition Powders — Tonic and Purifying to the Blood — No. 1. Sulphur. b ozs. Buchu leaves 1 oz. (Jeniian root .2 ozs. Blood root ] oz. Sassafras (bark of the root) . 2 ozs. Skunk Cabbage root 1 oz. Elecampane root 2 ozs. ("ream of Tartar. 1 oz. Ginger root 2 ozs. Epsom Salts 1 oz. Saltpeter 2 ozs. Black Antimony ! oz. liosin. 2 ozs. Eenugreek seed 1 oz. Digitalis leaves 1 oz. Rust or Carbonate of Iron 1 oz. Directions. — Pulverize finely, mix thoroughly, and keep in air-tight boxes. Dose. — Give 1 tablespoonful in feed as directed in Remarks. Rk.m.vkks. — In spring and fall use with all stock, as well as horses, one table- spoonful daily, in a bran-mash, until you can see its beneficial action, or for two weeks; but in case of a horse, cow or ox, being in bad healtli, at any time of year, tlie same dose twice daily, in a bran-mash, may bn given for a couple of weeks, or until the desired result — good health — is obtained. 8ome horses will not, however, eat bran mashes: then stir it in wetted oats. This is especially valuable in all the chronic diseases, as mange, distemper, grease-heel, big-head, big-leg, poll evil, fistula, yellow water, etc. It will show its beneficial effects very quickly. Condition Powder--Relaxing~for use in Scratches, Grease-Heel, Etc. The following was published in the /'o.s/ and Tribanc by 11. \V. Doney, of Jack- son, -Mich., in answer to an in(|uiry of "J. W.," of Paw Paw, for a condition powder to cleanse the blood, in spring, adding: "I have got one horse that has had scratches most of the time for three years, and 1 have doctored her most of tlie time." Mr. Donev, in answering, savs: "'^'ou have a numi>er of tliem already given. '!-' • No. 2. 2 OZS. 2 ozs. ') OZS. ■) ozs. 2 ozs. ozs. ozs. ozs. ozs. ozs. oz. . 1 oz. but here is one for the special purpose: Mantlrake Aloes Epsom Salts Gentian. Blood root Skunk ("abl)age - ozs. (tuiu Myrili '1 ozs. Golden Seal 2 ozs. Stillingia. Sulphur. Licorice root. ( Jinger root ("oriander seeds Gamphor gum Gopperas Powder and mi.\ thoroughly. />o.'^e. — One-half ounce (al)out one tablespoonful ) once a day, in feed or drench. To aid the operation and produce better results, give one pint of sassafras tea daily. If fever is present give !•'> drops of aconite (tinct. or 11. e.\.) once a day. If paralysis in any form exists, give lo drops of l)elladonna (tinct. oi' H. e.x.) once a day: or if nerve power is lacking, ♦give 15 drops nux vomica (tinct. or H ex.) once a day." These last medicines are poisonous if used too much or too often; so follow directions very carefully. Physic or Purge-. For use in Scratches or Grease-Heels. (iive a good {)urge made of lluid extract of Aloes i oz. Mandrake ' i dr. Blood root i dr. Licorice. . 1 oz. Epsom Salts 2 ozs. Water 6 ozs. Give until the bowels respond freely; then lessen the dose. Wash for Scratches and Grease-Heel. Whitr \'it riiil. 1 oz. Aluiu 1 oz. Gum Ciitecliu 1 oz. Oak Bark solution ] (jl. TurpeiitiiH' .1 oz. Mi.x and use as a wash twice a day. Take the water in wliich you l)oil potatoes, 1 qt. Wash tlie limh with it Ijefore using tlie other. If it will not cleanse the limb thoroughly ^^se oat meal and soap. Rub until the sore looks like a bright pink, and the surrounding {)ortions of the leg white. Keep the stable well cleaned. Use a brush on the leg often. Condition Powder for a Stallion. White Kosiii . 4 ozs. Madder 4 ozs. Black Antimony 3 ozs. Gentian root .3 ozs. Fenugreek seed ."> ozs. Sulphur 3 ozs. Ginger root 3 ozs. Ai\ise seed 2 ozs. Spanish Hies. 1 oz. All made vei'y fine and intimately mixetl Do-^e. — A tablespoonful a little round- ing, in the morning's feed, as he begins to drag toward the last of the season. This is from Robt. Hudson, Winfield, Kansas. No one need fear to use it. And without the Spanish flies, it is a good alterative and tonic powder for any other horse. Cooling Eye Water for Big Head, Swellings, Sprains, Etc. Take a (|uart bottle and put into it ])ulverized [jurilied nitre, i 11)., and soft water, i pt., and shake till dissolved; then fill with more soft water and cork for use. P'or the eye, dilute a little of this mi.xture with three limes as much water, and wash the eyes two or three times daily. For swellings, sprains, etc., apply it as often, full strength. Distemper in Colts — Treatment. Distemper in a colt has about three weeks to run its course; all the medicine re- quired is a light dose ol Kpsom salts, say 4 to (> ozs., and a good nursing. Give warm bian mashes, linseed or oatmeal gruel; keep the animal warm and rub the legs with cloths dipped in hot water; a tablespoonful of mustard in the water would he beneficial if the legs seem to be weak and numb, or cold. — A'. V. Times. Eye Water. For weak eyes, shown by their watering more or less, freely apply the following: Acetate of lea>ua says: "Of liniments there are as many different comfiounds as of condition powders, but a good one for horses and other animals may be made of Oil of i^nke 2 ozs. Origanum 2 ozs. Wormwood 2 ozs. Spirits of ammonia 2 ozs. Spirits of turpentine 2 ozs. Sweet oil 4 ozs. Best alcohol 1 qt. Mixed and kei)t in a liottle, corked when not in use." Rkmakks. — It is a good one for general ]iurposes. See, also, "Sweeney Cure," which is a liniment. Black Oil. No. 4. British oil 1 oz. Oil of spike (balsam of lir) 1 oz. Tanner's oil 1 oz. Tamarack balsam 1 oz. Oil of vitriol 1 oz. Spirits of turpentine 2 ozs. Mix in the order named, putting in ih'- ail of vitriol t^lowly, and when cool the s})ir- its of turpentine. Better be in a (juart bottle. Very healing, and to reduce intiamma- tions l>y rubbing in or laying on with wet cloths or soft paper on either man or animals. White Oil, English. No. 5. Spirits of tur[i iitine i pint. Alcohol i pint. Olive oil 1 pint. 'Hartshorn 4 ozs. Camphor Gum . 4 ozs. Mix. Used especially in' wounds and upon old sores. Gargling- Oil. No. 6. Wliite wine vinegar (uood cider vinegar will do) 1 jtint. Spirits of turpentine i pint. Sweet oil i pint. Oil of vitriol 1 oz. Castile soap 2 ozs. Saltpeter 2 ozs. Directions. — Shave the soa]) tine, add the oil of vitrol slowly, ]}u]ver\ze the salt- peter and shake occasionally till dissolved, when it is ready to use upon swellings, wounds, frostbites, etc., on horses and cattle, and it has been used extensively on persons. Opodeldoc. No. 7. Take: White soap .3 ozs. Canipiior gum 1 oz. Oil of rosemary 1 drch. Oil of origanum 1 drch. Alcohol 1 pt. Dissolve the soap in the alcohol by a gentle heat, then add tlie gum camphor and tlie oils, and when all dissolved pour the mixture into wide mouthed bottles. Useful for sprains, rlieumatism and bruises. Oood for man and beast. Often used in other recipes. Use white Castile soap. Green Salve. No. 8. Spirits of Turpentine 4 ozs. Beeswax; 2 ozs. Rosin 2 ozs. Honey 2 ozs. Lard 12 ozs. Finely pulverized verdigris 1 oz. Directions. — Heat all gently together, except the verdigris, tlien remove from the tire and stii- that in as it begins to cool, and stir till cold. Put in tin boxes for use. Canker in the Foot. This disease is alwa3's preceded by thrush. It is fungoid growth of the frog, and bleeds u|)on the slightest cause. TuK.-VTMKNT. — Removc witli sharj) knife all loose horn, and trim away part of the growth. Then wash once a day with; An ounce of nitrate of silver well shaken in a quart of rain water. Oive nutritious food and good care. Catarrh or Common Cold. Medicines are of little use. Good nursing aiul careful management are required. If there is a bad cough give green food, turnips, rutabagas, apples, etc. Distemper. Follow rules for catarrh. If he won't eat keep drink away and give warm mashes, and hay slightly wet and salted. Feed scraped carrots. Keep up his strength till disease runs its course. Cause. — Dusty or musty hay. Cure. — Cliange the hay. If you can't then cut it fine and feed it wet, to which add a spoonful of ginger every day till cured. Inflammation of the Bowels Can be told from colic of the pulse. In colic it is about natural, say oO beats to the minute. The animal often rolls, and there is not much fever. In intiammation there is much fever; pulse sometimes rises to nearly 100 to the minute. The attack is gradual and the disease does not intermit. In this case the horse is often killed by the iri'itat- ing medicines given. CrRL-;. — Give the horse a drink of slipi)ery elm tea every hour to allay inflamma- tion — keep him ijuiet. Never bleed him. Let him have little to eat, say gruel made of ground oats sifted, bran, and a very little corn meal, with a little salt added. Cracked Heels or Sandcracks Occurs in hoofs hard and brittle, aner joint. It makes the hind legs appear crooked and unsightly. Hub well with California Liniment. (See Index). Some farmers simply rub often with the hand or a corncob. Let llie shoe be low at the toe so as to take the strain from the ligament. Drenching. A long necked, smooth bottle i?- best. Llevate the head a little, but let it down quickly if thei'e is any sign of coughing, for some of the liquid may have gone the wrong way. Nerer. never drench through the nose. Founder or Laminitis. This is indicated l>y gi'eat heiit in the pail and throbbing of the plantar arteries. The horse seems stiff and sore all over and stands with his legs drawn under him, so as, if possible, to take the weight off the fore feet. — I'.l— Treatmknt. — Apply warm flax seed poultices to the feet. Give an injection of warm soap suds, and administer a |)ui'iiing ball, and follow with a tonic condition pow- der. If you neglect the disease the animal will never entirely recover. Glanders and Gleet Are incurable and very contagious to man and beast. Th.e horse must be killed and buried. Most or ;ill tlu' states have laws enforcing this. You wish to know how to tell the disease: It begins by a swelling of the gland under the lower jaw, there is seldom fever. Aftei- a time a discharge of a gluey nature appears from the nose, usualh' from one nostril. The gland becomes painful, more swollen and appears hard. There is no softening or suppuration. The lining membrane of the nose becomes heightened in color A very marked symptom appears, which is a hard lump in the center of the jaw. This is hard, adheres to the hone, and is not painful on being touched. In diseases of the air passage there is often a soft diffused swelling of the gland, but this is very different from the hard tumor of glanders. Again in glanders the ab- sorbent vessels in the sui-rounding parts become hard and corded. The discharge is first aqueous, then is mixetl with ropy mucous, afterwards it becomes glairy and grail- ually yellow in color. But the one constant sign is that it is gluey and adhesive. It clings to the hair around the nostrils and may even clog tliem. The disease may come to the hoi'se by inoculation, exposure of l)eing in the yard, stable or company of a dis- eased horse, and it nuiy come spontaneously. In either case it is incurable and you must destroy the horse and the box he has fed from and thoroughly cleanse the stall and manger he has occupied. Farcy. This disease originates from the same cause as glandei's. unlike that, however, it may be cured, but it requires time and good care. The symptoms are these: The ab- sorbents and vessels of one or both hind legs are swollen, inllamed, tender, hard and knotted. The vitiated lymph thus poured out softens, and ulcers or farcy buds appear. Tkk.\t.\iknt. — Scarify these with a hot iron and to prevent spreading draw the iron gently over the surrounding skin, (jrive twice a day the following: Sulphate of copper 3 drs. Iodine 6 drs. Linseed meal 1- o/.s. Rhubarb, powdered 3 ozs. Molasses quantity sufficient. Pulverize the sulphate and iodine, mix with the meal and rhuliarb and add the molasses little by little to make the mass of the right consistency. Make into 12 pills or balls and give one at a dose. If it interferes with the appetite hold up a day. Let the feed be good and lodging comfortable. Lampers or Lampas. This is an inflammation or swelling of the bars in the roof of the mouth. TuE.'i^T.ME.XT. — Cut or scarify the parts affected with a sharp knife or lancet, and then wash with alum water. In severe cases burn with lunar caustic. Mange in Horses. Remedy. — Wilke's Spirit of tiie Times publislied the following as a safe and effectual remedy: Whale (sperm) oil. G ozs. Oil of tar 3 ozs. Lac-suipliur 2 ozs. .Mix thoroughly and apply with a hair hrush, first washing the skin carefully, and at the end of the second or third day the animal is to be again washed, and the remed}' re-applied, as it is very jirobable that all the ova (eggs) oi" the mange (itch) insect are not killed by the first ap})lication. Rem.\rks. — As mange is as contagious with animals as itch is with children, keep them from others; and be careful to purify the stalls, or places where they may rub; and the harness or saddles, or such parts of them as come in eontact with the diseased parts of the animal, should be wa.shed with strong soap suds, having 1 i)urt of carbolic acid (liquid) to (J or 7 of the suds, and carefully dried and aired, and the blanket, if any has been worn, should be boiled in soap suds, with 1 oz. of the carbolic acid, at least, to 1 pail of soap suds; and the curry comb, brush, etc , washed in the same while hot; and afterwaids wet with a solution of arsenic or corrosive sublimate, 10 grains to each ounce of water needed, to wet them thoroughly; for it is very difiicult to kill all the itch or mange mites which cause the disease. Rub well with sulphur, also, the sad- dle and inside the harness, before again putting upon the horses. With these cautions vou may feel safe. See also the i)reparation for mange in hogs. It is certain there, why not with horses? I think it would l)e. If there are any scabs on harness or saddle be careful to first remove tliem. And I think it advisal)le not to let the mites upon one's luinds, lest he, too, get the itch. Remember the sublimate is poison, as well as the arsenic, so keep i)oth out of the way of children. Poll-Evil, Fistula, Fistulous Withers, Etc. SrccKssi-ii. Re.mkiuks. — "Poll-evil simply means a disease of the head, as the word "poll" comes from the low Dutch Polle. the head, and as the word evil, in connec- tion with a disease, signifies one causing suffering, we get poll-evil, a disease of the horse's head fri>m which there is much sufi'ering. As lo fistula, it is a Latin word and signifies a hollow seed, or pipe; hence, where we have a hollow pipe running down into a sore, it matters not whether upon the head or the withers (highest j)art of the shoulders) of a horse, it is really a fistula or a fistulous sore: and. as what will destroy the pipe which runs down into the bone, in one case, will destroy it in the other, we coufde them together." PuKVKNrioN.- Don't strike your horse on the head. Don't ke(q) him in so low a place that he can bump his head. Don't put on a heavy head-gear with such a band over the top of the head as will liring about or cause a swelling. Tkf.atmkxt. — Cirive the horse a dose of 10 ozs. of CJlauber Salts dissolved in a pint and a half of hot water. As soon as it is cool give to the horse with a drenching bottle. Keep the sore wet with cold water and vinegar, ecjual parts, poultice with bruised flax seed twice daily until the tumor softens. Then don't wait for it to break of its own accord, but as soon as the matter can be felt make a slanting cut with a sharp knife —•2\ — upon the right side oi the neck at the base of the abscess. Be careful not to cut so deep as to come in contact with the spinal cord or marrow. A seaton should be passed from the natural opening at tlie top of the tumor to this opening at the base. Before insert- ing the seaton, dip or wet it with tincture of cantharides. Make the pus escape freely as fast as it forms. Re-saturate the seaton in 3 or 4 days with a s-jlution of 10 grains of nitrate of silver in an ounce of cold water. Three times a week inject into the opening from the top down a solution of one drachm of chloride of zinc, to one pint of cold water, but you had best begin a half hour after vou Hrst insert the seaton and inject the solution once a day till a healthy granulation sets in: then every other day till healed. If it becomes a running sore, 3'ou will find the following recipe from the Germantown Telegraph, very satisfactory, as I have al- ways observed the reliability of its recommendations. Tt says: "First, clean the sore wiih warm, soft water, and dry with soft, warm cloths: then drop on H or lU drops of muriatic acid twice daily, till it looks like a fresh wound; after this wash with suds of castile soap, and leave it to heal, which it will speedily do. if enough acid has been used." Rem.xkks. — If a pipe or pipes have already been formed, be sure to drop a few drops of the acid into each i)ipe, else it will be sure to break out again if the pipe is not destroyed. I>n not touch the acid with the fingers, nor get it upon any place outside of the sore, for if you do, it will make a sore of itself: destroy clothing, etc. An alkili. as a lye made of wood ashes, or sweet oil, would be the antitode, and would need to be used (juickl}', if got upon the person or clothing. Any of the healing ointments or lini- ments may be used to heal with, keeping the sore properly covered to avoid dust and dirt getting into it. A bit of concentrated lye, which is used for soap-making, the size of a bean or pea, wrapped in a couple of thicknesses of tissue paper (white) and pushed to the bot- tom of the pipe, or each pipe, if there is more, will destroy the life of the pipe, and hence cause it to come out, and give a chance to cure it from the bottom. Keep a piece of cotton saturated with liniment or healing ointment, pushed to the depth of the sore; it causes it to heal from the bottom, otherwise it will l)reak out again. The concentrated lye is l)etter than arsenic or corrosive sul)liniate. which are poisonous and cause inflam- mation of the parts, only to kill the unnatural growth. The Telegraph claimed to have known the successful use of the acid plan for a number of years. The acid on the sore and the lye on the pipes, if there are any, with cathartics and general tonic treatment with some of the condition powders, will cure every case, the author has not a doubt. Pawing in the Stable— To Cure Horses of the Habit. Fasten a short jiieee of log-chain, say five or six links, by means of a light strap to his leg, just above the knee (in the stable of course), so the chain sta3's on the front of the leg, and see how (juick the pawing horse will leave oft' the habit. In most cases a few days will be sufficient to eftect a cure. — New York Weekly. Pawingr— Cure For. It is said that thi.s annoying lialnt can be cured in the following manner: Bore a hole on each side of the stall a little in front of where the foreleg stands. Insert a rawhide, wedge tightlv in. and allow the ends to reach well out toward the centre of the •>i stall. When tlie horse paws he will catch the rawhide with the t 'ot wliich he paws, and in fetching back the foot the coid of the rawhiile liits him on tlie other foot. A few experiments will convince the horse that pawing with one foot always causes punisii- nient on the otlier, and soon the annoying habit is cured. Ringbone, Spavins, etc.— Certain Remedies. Ringbone and si):ivins, poll-evil and fistulas are the most annoying diseases with wliicii our domestic aiumals are atllicted: l)Ul with careful observation of tiie recipes the autlior has gatliered during ten years of close scrutiny of everything imlilished in our most reliable journi'.ls, will, we have not a doubt, enable our [)atrons to not only cure the lameness, but also to remove or cause the absorption of the bony eidargements in most ringbones and spavins, and to also cure the unsightly sores of poll-evil and fistu- las. The tirst recijie I shall give for ringbone is from a correspondent (",1. H. M.," of Wyoming, ().,) in Farm and Fire.' ozs. Corrosive sublimate, powdered "> drs. Mix well with lard '2 lbs DiHKcTioNS. — Cut off the hair from the lump ami grease with and rub in well the above preparation. In two days after, grease witii fresh lard, and in lour days wash off with soap suds. Repeat every four days until the disease tlisappears. 1 have cured two cases of ten years standing." No. 2. Oil of ( )riganum 1 oz. Tincture of myrrh 1 oz. .Mcohol 1 oz. Corrosive Suldimate I dr. Iodine (best) 1 dr. DiRKcTioNs. dissolve the corrosive sub'imate and iodine in the alcohol and add oil and tincture and apply, after culling oil" the hair. In two days grease with fresh lard and wash as in No. I . Spavins, Blood or Bag Wind Galls, Thoroughpins, Splints, Etc. Permanent Cure for. Very strong vinegai". I pt. A(jua forlis (nitiic acid) 1 oz. .Spirits of lurp(Mitine. 1 oz. Best iileohol . 1 oz. Mi.x. I)ir!K(TU>.\s. — P)athe freely, rubbing hard. Kul) downward until you cause (piite a heat in th(> leg. It will not cause any blister, and before you realize it, it will disap- per. It has been over two years since I cured my mare, referred to below, and she is as good as ever to-day. Bathe three or four times a day, rubbing hard ever}- time. It seems a very simple recipe, l)ut I can warrant it a good one. 15. F. (jhamberlin, of Kicli, Lapeer countv, .Mich., in Detroit I'osI and Tribune, December, 1880. To winch he ad.h'd: "It effects a permanent cure. I have tested it on my own lioi'se, also on oliiers. I liave a mare wliicdi had two spavins, one on each hind leg; also two thoroughpins came with them. I tried sever;-l kinds of medicine with no effect, until 1 got this recipe. The spavins (wind galls) were as large as a pint l)owl. I considered her almost worth- less, she being a very small horse; l)ut I not only cured her lameness, but caused the enlargement to disapper entirely in thi-ec weeks. Vou would not know to-day that she ever had a spavin." IJi:m.\hks. — ( 'ertainly testimony as large as a |)int l)owl is all that mav be de- manded, for I never saw one of these wind galls, or [tulVy lumps, larger than half a hen's egg, this was an extreme case, and so much the more satisfactory for those who may need to try it, so I give his own woi-ds of assurance. A thoroughpin is the same as a bog spavin, or wind gall, as they are also called, except it extends along a tendon up ami down the leg, rathei' than in a lump oi' pud': treatment the same. Splints, Ointment for. Bin, iotlide of mercury 1 dr. Powdered cantharides 2 drs. I.ard . i 07,. Mix evenly into an ointment. DiRi'X'TioNs. — Shear off the hair from the enlargement and rub in ihe ointment 15 minutes. The third day after apply sweet oil, lard oil il of origanum . 4 ozs. (>il of .-pike 2 ozs. ( )il of hendock 1 oz. Tincture of cantharides ! oz. .Spirits of turpentine. . 1 oz. Camphor gum 1 oz. l\Ii.\ and kee]* well corked. Directions. — Rub on well, once diiily, lifting the skin well at first. Two or three weeks will cure had cases. It will blister. But if it gets too severe miss a few ap{)lica- tions, or rub over with sweet oil (lard will do) after applying. Rk.m.\kks. — This was given l»y a stage drivei", over whose route I [)assed April 20, ]S7('), from Wichita (Wichetaw) to Winfield. Kas. Strangles. Sv.MPTo.Ms. — 'j'lic horse a[)pears sick and refuses to eat, usually there is fever; in a day or two the glands under the jaw or back of the ear swell, ami a tumor forms. As soon as it comes to a head, lance it in ihe lowest part. Physic the horse with a half pint of castor oil. In two or three days the horse will be all rie. 1 have cured sweeneys on three or four occasions with the above, by apply- ing and immediately covering the parts with a heavy woolen blanket. Rk.m.\rks. — 1 do not think Mr. McCIane (see ringbones for explanation) intends to be understood that one application would cure, Init that to continue its use a reason- able time daily would do it, of which I have not a doubt. Still, I think it a good plan in all cases to lift up the skin, by means of the thumbs and fingers, to break it loose, as it were, from its attachments to the muscles for the first few iipplications. Some i)er- sons,3'ou will see in the next recipe, claim this "lifting up of tlie skin" and allowing it to till up with air will cure the disease. 1 cannot say that it will, Init 1 know the hreak- ing up of the attachment will help the cure hy its stimulating the muscles and Llood vessels of the shouldei' to increase irritation, and thus het|i the stimulation. Sweeney — Simple and Certain Cure For. A. V/. Baird. of (iihson. 111., writes to one of the papeis in answertoan inquiry for a cure for this disease, saying: "The cure is short, easy, sure and simple. It is this: With the forefinger and thumb of the left hand pull up the skin on the shoulder, pretty well uj) on the siirunk place; then with the small blade of a pcsnknife make an incision through one side; of the skin that is pulled up. Then with both hands raise up the skin around the incision, and it will till with air. Fill the shrunk place full; let your horse stand a few days or I'un on pasture; he will soon be well; it is a certain cure." Rkmarks. — It strikes me that tliere would be more certainty of filling with air if a goose cjuill was passed Just through the oritiee in the skin and then infiated to its full extent by blowing. I will give one more, the oil. made with angle-worms, taken from Fust and Tribune, and will also remark that angle-worm oil has been considered val- uable also for stiffjoints, rheumatism, etc. The addition to this will make it so much better than without them It is as follows: Oil for Sweeney. Dig and wash clean angle-worms to make 1 pt. Put them in a suitable bottle, adding salt, l)y weight 1 oz. Spirits of turpentine . .• 1 oz. Sassafras oil 1 oz. Hang in the sun until tlie worms are dissolved, then strain and add: Oil of s[)ike 2 ozs. ( )il of hemlock 2 ozs. Oil of cedar 2 ozs. Gum cam|)hor 2 ozs. Shake and bathe the shoulder night and morning, if it l)listers or gives too much pain, rub on a little lard oil (or lard). Rf.mahks. — 1 think th-is will prove a valuable oil for sweeney, and for the general purposes oi a liniment. In the same issue was the following treatment for strains, swelled legs, etc. Lotion. Steep wormwood herb 4 ozs.. in Sharp vinegar 2 (]ts.; add Salt " 2 lbs. I>ath(' the liml) thoroughly with this, then use the following Liniment. Oil of spike , 1 oz. Oil of hemlock 2 ozs. Oil of cedar 2 ozs. Camphor gum 2 ozs. Turpentine 2 ozs. Sweet oil 2 ozs. Arnica 1 |)t. Alcohol 1 pt. Shake before applying. Scratches, Grease Heel, etc. —To Avoid and to Cure. To Avoid. — Keep the horj^e in good health, and in tlie wet and muchly season, fall, winter and spring, kee[) the naturally long hair of the fetlocks, especially of the hind lesrs which are much more liahle to this disease, cut rather closely, sc that bv proper grooming these parts soon dry. and thus a\ oid dilHculty. I say this, for as a gen- eral thing it begins with slight iiiHammation of the skin, when it is scratches pro|)er; but which, if allowed to proceed to deeper and more extensive intiammation, causing the cracking of the skin, and the escape of a greasy and purulent, or foul matter, to exude from the cracks, which also excoriates and extends the inHammation to all parts which it touches, when "grease" may l)e considered to have taken full possession; and if not now met with proper treatment, the exudation assumes a foul smell, and linally a fun- gous growth mav arise in lumps, grape-like, to cover the whole of the diseased parts, leaving a red and angry appearance. Of course this is not common; for proper consti- tutional tieatnient, l>y condition powders, combining cathartics and diuretics, as well as tonics, with some of the following local applications, will pi'event or cure this disease. (See condition powders Xos. 1, "2. :>, and also the one given in connection with cribbing.) Grease Heels National Live Stock Journal's Cure. ".\ttend to cleanliness. .\)iply during two days, two poultices of ecjual paiis of l)ran, flaxseed meal, and powdered charcoal. Thereafter apply twice daily a portion of oxide ol" zinc ointment (this is ma ozs.,) previously removing all secretions of matter as well as dry scabs and crus:s. (This must be done with warm water and <'astile soap, washing carefully and drying perfectly.) If, after a week or ten days, the case does not impiove satisfactorily, a|)ply instead of the ointment twice or thrice daily a jtortion of a mixture of 1 oz. of ({oulard's extract, and 4 oz. of carbolic acid to ^ pt. of water, (rive loosening food, among which may be mixed 2 drachms of nitrate of potash, morning and evening, during one week." Ri:.M.\i!Ks. — This poultice may be considered one of the best that can be made, which I know from personal experience, exce{)t tin; bran, to which 1 have no |)articular objections. Although I have never had the scratches proper, yet I had something much worse some ."lO years ago. I liad a foot mashed in a threshing machine, ami mortifica- tion set in upon two of tlu' toes, but the young jjlivsician was e(|ual to the occasion with a poultice of flaxseed, pro|)erly boiled, (as there was no flaxseed meal then kept by druggists), and thickened with powdered charcoal; the mortitication was sl(jpped from extending, and the mortified parts separated from the healthy [)arts, when tin; tendons only had to be clipped to remove them wholly from the foot; hence no one need to be afraid to tie to this poultice, and the whole treatment will be found good, not forgetting the constitutional or condition powder part of it, in all cases. Scratches or Grease Heel in Horses Simple and Cheap Remedy. The following, which is the last 1 shall give upon this sul)ject was from one sign- ing himself "A Subscriber," of Hillsdale, Mich., to the Detroit Tribune, in answei' to an inciuiry of H. E. fyyon, concerning the treatment of scratches; but to which he says; 'T will state that I think it a case of urease heel, which is far woi-se ihan common scratches. The remedy prescrilxul in tlie Trihiineis a good one, hut I have a simple and cheap remedy. (MeanHness in the stable has mnch to do in tlie case, keeping the stable well cleaned and littered with clean, (Ut straw. Give the following condition powder: No. !. .laniaica ginger 8 ozs. Gentian root. 2 ozs. Niter 1 oz. I^lood root 1 oz. Arnica 1 oz. Crude .Antimony (black) i oz. Directions. — .Ml to be linely powdered and thoroughly mixed together, then give one lai'ge tahlespoont'ul in bran mash once each day for si.\ on the skin, to make a sore. No. 2. Put 1 oz. of powdered sal-soda (washing soda) in a 2 oz. vial and fill with water, and wet tb.e warts thoroughly with this, is also effectual by a few aj>{)lications, in all cases, as with Xo. 1. A little of this soda in water to soak in the feet, for those who have corns, (which see) will soften up the dead part an of light rope which passed around the front of the jaw of the mare just above the upper teeth, crossed in her mouth, thence secured back of her neck. It was clainu^d that no horse will kick or jump when thus secured, and that the horse, after receiving the ti-eatment a few times, will abandon his vicious ways foi-ever." Method for Shoeing. "The method for shoeuig was equally as simple. It consisted in connecting the animal's head and tail by means of a rope fastened to the tail and then to the l)it, and then drawn tightly enough to incline the animaPs head to one side. This, it is claimet on the HenrlJi/' Rkm.vuks. — If this will do the work on the feet, of whic'h 1 have no (hnil)t, it will do the same U|)on the forehead, and in either case will do the horse no hai'm. Kicking and Runaway Horses^How to Cure the Habit. Till') KicKiNo. — If you have a horse whicli is accustomed to knocking out the dash-board with his heels, when things do not work to please him, proceed as follows: 'Place around his neck a band like that used for riding with a martingale. Then take two light straps (imide for the purpose) and buckle them to the bits, on each side, and pass them through the neck-band, and also inside the girth, and buckle tliem secui'ely to each fetlock of the hind feet, taking care in the making to have them of the pi'oper length. When a horse is rigged in this manner, if he attempts to 'kick u|» l)ehind,' each effort will jerk his head down in such a way as to astonisli him, ])erhaps throw him over on his head. He will make but a few attempts to kick when he tinds his head thus tieil to his iieels, and two or three lessons will cure him altogether." FoK TiiK Ri'N.\w.\v. — The method for the runaway is ecjualiy .simple and elfectual: "First of all fasten sonie thick pads upon your horse's knees, then buckle a strap about the size of a rein, upon each fetlock iorward, nnd pass the straps through the hame rings or som<' part of the harness near the shoulder on each si(h- ami lead the straj) back to the driver's hand as lie sits in the buggy. He has thus four reins in his hand. Start the animal without fear; don't worry him with a st'-ong pull upon the liit, but talk to him friendly. When he attempts to run 1m must, of course, l)end his forward legs. Now pull sharplv one of the foot reins, and the etlect will be to raise one of his forward feet to his shoulder. He is a ihree-legged horse now, and when he has gone on in that way a little distance dro]» the constrained foot and jerk up the other. He cannot run faster on tliree legs than you can ride, ami when you have tired him on both sides pretty thoroughly, or if he refuses to take his ti-ot kinv(>d. to make the cow more likely to have milk-fever. Milk Fever To Avoid. "I am in the habit of giving water to cows ;is soon as they drop their calves, and 1 have never known a case of milk-fever when the cow had all the water she wanted soon after calving, and the water was kept sujtplied at short intervals, giving a pailful at a time, iVesh from the well. In all cases of milk-fever that I have known anything about, the cows went without water tor a long tinu-, and then were allowed to di-ink a large (piantitv. and the reaction was too great for the system. "Cows, when fat,"' Mr. Putnam says, "shouhl have no heating food tor two weeks before calving. .\nd. first, to milk the cow as soon as she calves, then to give her a biu'kel of water, fresh tVum th(> well, sut^h as a thirsty man would relish. In half an hour give her another, and so on >intil she is satislied." If there is an early and large tlow of milk before calving it is best to milk it out as often as necessary to prevent too great distention and heat. If the disease sets in, give the following: No. 1. ("ream of Tartar 2 ozs. Carbonate of Magnesia 1 oz. Salt 4 ozs. Common .Molasses 1 i)t. Water 2 gals. Mix, and let the cow (lriid< it. Follow in half an hour with this: .:>.,)- No. 2. Best I*()\V(1(M(m1 Rhuharb i oz- Suli)Iiutc of Maj^iifsia 2 ozs. Salt. " 2 ozs. Saltpetre i oz. Leptaiidrin . 20 gr. Podopliyliii. 3 gr. Mix, and give in l>i-an mash. Let the cow have clean, cold water, iiliout half a pailful, each hour. Rkm.mjks. — Having hecome fully satisfied ot the necessity of giving IVesh, cold water to persons in fever, as shown l)y the remarks following Tyiihoid Fever, and rea- soning from analogy (the likeness or agreement hetween things, although the circum- stances may he different), I see at a glance that the cool water to satisfy the cows, this within a reasonably short time, fa pailful every half hour, as Mr. Putnam has found, as above given) is the true way to pi-event a cow from having milk fever at all; for no person, animal, or thing, can long continue hot (and all fever is beat) if (illed or cov- ered with cold water. Nothing further need be said in favor ol" Mr. Putnam's plan. It will be safe to follow it. Milk To Increase the Flow in Dairy Cows, and Best Food to Insure it. Milk, to Inckkask. — The ngricultural editor of the Bee-Keepers' Journal vouches for the following, handed him by one who had tried the plan to increase the flow of milk, anil I have seen the same thing given in v.-irious other sources, and Irom the nature of the mixture I have every reason to believe it good. He says: No. 1. "If you desire to gel a large yield pf milk, give your cow, three times a day, water, slightly warm, slightly salted, in whieh itraii has been stirred at the ratt; of 1 (|t. to 2 gals, of water. You will find that: your cow will gain 2.") per cent, immediately under the effects of it, and she will hecome so attached to the drink as to refuse clear water, unless very thirsty: but this mess she will drink almost at any time, and ask for more. The amount of this drink is an ordinary pailful at each tinut morning, noon and night, ^'oul■ animal will then do her best at discounting the lacteal (lac, the Latin word for milk, hence "lacteal," milky) fluid." No. 2— The Best Food for Increasing the Flow of Milk. In the Eastern States, as before stated, milch cows are fed largely on corn-meal, but I have the statement of a well-informed dairyman, that etjual parts, by measure, of cornmeal, ground oats and wheat-bran, well mixed, makes the best and most profitable feed for increasing the How of milk, being much less heating than cornmeal alone, and still very nourishing and satisfiictory to the animal as well as to the dairyman, by saving considerable expense, while at the same time he gets his increased flow of milk, and the cow is not too fat for comfort and health, as they often become on cornmeal alone." No. 3 -Ointment for Swelled Bagrs, or Udders of Cows. Sweet Oil 4 ozs. Pulverized Caniplior (Juin 1 oz. Dissolve over a slow fire and nil) in well two or three times daily. The author thinks the ointment for drying otf cows, itelow, fully e(jual, if not even l)etter than this camphorated oil, aUhoujih only swelliui: is to he remedied here, which generally arises from colds. No. 4.— Choked Cattle— Sure Remedy. J. .J. P>.. in Country Gentleman, speaking of choked cattle, says: "'The following recipe ought to he printed twice every year, as it is a sure remedy: 'Pake of tine-cut chewing tohacco enough to make a l)all the size of a hen's egg, dampen it with molas- ses, so it adheres closely: elevate the animal's head, pull out the tongue and crowd the ball as far clown the throat as possible. In fifteen minutes it will cause sickness and vomiting, relaxing the muscles so that the potato, oi- whatever may be choking it, will be thrown up." Rk.mauks. — It is almost absolutely certain that the tobacco will caus(» the rela.x- ing of the muscles, and consetjuent throwing up of the cimtents of the stomach, and a cure is just as certain as a rela.xation. The laying of moistened tobacco upon a person's stonuich, with lock-jaw, has rela.xed them and saved the patient. It must not be kept on so long, however, as to cause deathly sickness. No. 5. To Dry Off Cows, Mares and Other Animals. Tar and good \ inegar, each S ozs. Spirits of Turpentine (i ozs. Tallow 4 ozs. Beeswa.x 2 ozs. ("amphor (ium, powdered by druggist .2 ozs. l)ii;K("noNs. — Boil tar and beeswa.x., tallow and vinegar together for fifteen min- utes; then, when removed tVom the lire add the turpentine and camphor, and stir till cold. Milk the cow or mare and ml) into the udder and along the milk veins till the milk ceases to flow. For Caked Breasts. Use the same l)Ut lea\e out (lie tar. No. 6 Hollow Horn To Cure. Alcohol S oz. (nun camphor 1 oz. :\ii.x. DiKKCTioNs. — When the gum is dissolved put half of the mi.xlure into one ear of the animal and as soon as it has done siiorting and blowing, put the other half into the other ear. Once, cures every time. < »r use No. 7 Old Treatment of Hollow Horn. "The old tivatment was to i)ore into the horn with a gimlet and inject vinegar, pepper, salt and water: and after this was injected into the horn, a couple of pieces of fat. salt pork, the size of one's I wo forefingers, with a teaspoonful of cayenne* |)ut in a — oo — slit in each slice, was placed between the animal's grinders, and the head elevated until it chewed and swallowed them, and next day i-epeat without the pepper if dumpishness is still manifested." No. 8— To Cure Fleshy Tumors Upon Cows and Calves. i^)in, iodide of niercnry 1 dr. Cosmoline or vaseline 2 ozs. Thoroughly mixed and wdl rulibed upon the tumors. No. 9 -Hoven or Bloat in Stock— Prevention and Cure. 0. J. L. of Modest Town (a very appropriate name for a place where the men are so modest they dare not give their name when reporting for an agricultural paper on the above disease), Va., made a report of the death of a cow and calf to one of the farm papers, I think the F(inn. a lul Fireside, to which the veterinary surgeon, A. T. Wilson, made the following report: "Your cow aiul calf both died from hoven or bloat, a very conuuon result of injudiciously turning cattle into a riidi clover patch. To prevent bloat, turn them in the pasture for an hour or so every day or week until they get used to it. 'i'o cui-e bloat, when seen in time, use two outu^es each of hyposulphite of soda and tiiu'ture of ginger added to a ijuart of cold water." No. iO — Diarrhoea of Cattle. Remeuy. — Three pecks of boiled potatoes, led in the course of the day, in three messes, wai'ui, is an excellent remedy for dirrluea in cattle. No. 11— Scours in Cattle. Remedy. — Mr. .James Door, of Horchester, Mass., recommends fine wheat flour as a cure for scours in cattle. He says: "'Take 1 quart of the finest Hour, mix smoothly with water, making just thick enough to run, and administer at one dose. A second dose ma}' be necessary, but one is generally sufficient for a cure." No. 12— Death for Lice on Animals or Plants. pour boiling water (1 gal.) on 1 pound of tobacco leaves; in 2i) minutes strain and use it judiciously (simply wetting the parts with a s])onge) on animals: on plants more extensively. Or, No. 13. Haw linseed oil 4 oz. Kerosene 1 o/. Sulphur 1 oz. Mix autedly for wise purposes." Remarks. — Who can fail to see the value of salt for all stock, and that it should be given regularly? • — .SC)— No. 15.- Cows Accidentally Overeating Meal What to do. Wlien a cow has accidentally eaten her hll of meal, do not allow her to drink; and as soon as discovered, according to tlie size ol' tlie animal, give a drink of from one to two pounds of Epsom salts, dissolved in warm water, and repeat the dose in six hours, if it has not operated: in six lioui's more, if it has not vet worked a hole ihroutih, repeat half as much more, and so on continue until a movement is obtained. No. 16. To Prevent a Cow from Kicking while Milking, 'I'o a ring or snap in iier nose attach a rope, then tie it to a heam above so as to elevate her nose a little. This will give her something else to think of — then, if you are gentle, you will have no trouble. Calves— Raising by Hand Hay, Tea, Etc., for Them. With good pasture for calves to run in, early cut and |)roperly curc(l liay, of which ;o make the hay tea; oil-cake or home-ground oat meal, and the milk' of one cow, three calves, a/Ver i/te^/ ((re /en (/o?/.s o/'/. have been su<'cessfully kept, and all the cream from the cow made into liutter (tftcr the calves were four ireets old. The plan was as follows: 1 )ii;KCTiOi\s. — Boil good Timothy hay, 1 11>. (Iiettei'cut in a cutter, if you have one) and boil in watei'. (> (|ts., foi- an hour. keei)ing covered, and make up foi- what nuiy evaporate; then strain and let cool. While cooling, stir tiiree table-spoonfuls of oil- cake, made line, or |)r('tty Hnely ground meal from oats, into 1 qt. of boiling water, slowly, as if making "hasty pudding," and when pro|)erly cooked stir this and the milk of the cow. with a very little salt, into the hay tea, ami gi\e e(|ually to the thi'ee calves. At the first, fee(l while warm, but after a wi-ek or two it does not matter if given cold, but with each two weeks iiicrense the oil-cake, meal or oat-meal, oiu" tal)le- sjjoonful for each calf. .And it was claimed that at thi'ee months old. calves raised in this way looked as well as those fed on milk entirely. They In-gan to feed on grass at a month old, and inci'eased their feeding on grass until they depended upon it almost en- tirely Mt three months old. The tritle of salt must not be forgotten: and if they began to .•nt I shcnild stir the th)ur into the milk while scalding. After the Hrst week there was no trouble of this kind, unless over-fed. indigestion of Calves Remedies For. ('alvt's that are fed on milk principally, ami carelessly nuinaged, are liable to in- digestion: becoming "pot-bellied." dull and thriftless, appetiti? varied, sometimes vora- cious, then not caring for their food at all: bowels irregular, or else regularly loose, an), to the salt, soda and ginger, twice daily till corrected. Tlie same is good for cows. The diet in all cases must l>e carefidly attended to. If un weaned, the calf should have its milk fresh and sound thrice (hiily. Scours in Cattle, Horses and Calves, and Cholera or Diarrhoea in Persons. Lewis lioynton. of F'ai'inington. Bledsoe county, Tenn., in answer to an imiuiry al)0ut Seoul's in cattle, in one of the piipers, says: " Frecnicntly a handful of salt will relieve cattle and horses of scours. If it does not afforf wide bunds of heavy leather, to each of which sew on one end two buckles fastened with lighter leather, and on the other end the straps to correspond. Tlien connect these bands by a chain (i to S inches long with a swivel in it. These can be put on l)ulls that you wish to let lun, but don't wish to copulate with the cows or heil'ers. Put them on the fore-legs. Use rams the same way. ^'ou will find it l)etter to let the males run than to confine them alone. Put the straps and buckles outside of the heavy pieces. The end link of the chain must be made like the cock-eve for harness traces. HOGS. Hog Cholera. This disease is not caused l)v any one thing alone, but by a combination of un- favorable circumstances. Give your hogs clean quarters, pure water and a shelter from the hot sun by day and chilly cold nights; give theni a change of pasture, and feed regularly and you will not be troubled with hog cholera. On the other hand give them close, wet, muddy, cold (juarters, stagiumt and filthy water to drink, make them root over the same old lot from year to year and you will surely reap the penalty. —39— The hog lot should be changed every year and made into a garden or cornfield, and tlu; hogs put in a new lot. No rings should be in their noses, the}' should be free to root in the fresh ground. No. 1. To prevent cholera ()ut into a trough so the hogs can eat freely the following: Black antimony powdered i lb. Copperas 7 lbs. Salt. 1 lb. Sulphur '..1 lb. Wood ashes 1 pk. Mix all thoi'oughlv. This is cheap and effective as a preventive. No. 2. For a cure use the following: Madder : 1 lb. Sulphur 1 lb. Rosin 1 11). Saltpeter 1 lb. Black antimon}'^ 1 lb. Assafoetida 3 oz. Powder and nii.x well, and feed three tablespoonst'ul to eadi five hogs every other day, in bran mash with salt added. If a hog gets dumpish, lies round, tries to get into the litter or straw of the pen he is coming down with the disease. Remove him at once to a dry pen and give liini a tablespoonful of the mixture once a day in table slops or a gallon of water. To make doulilv sure, take a half pint of soft soap, one tablespoonful of lard and one of pine tar, warm and mix well ami drench the hog. If the hog is too large to handle easily tie it to a post with a rope round the upj)er Jaw. The best remedies may fail. The State Board of Agriculture of Illinois a few years since sent out to the swine breeders of the State a series of questions as to the cause and best known remedies for the disease. No positive cure was claimed to be known. Prevention by care, removing sick ones from the herd, etc., were the leading answers. If diarrho'a in the hog sets in, take and steep 2 ozs. of inner bark of white oak, mix in two ounces of alum, and give. If it continues obstinate give 1 [)ound of lard, melted, with tablespoonful of turpentine. Charcoal, soft (mineral) coal, or properly and tlioroughl}' burned corn are almost absolutely necessary' for hogs while i)eing fattened. Avoid a too sudden change from a half starved condition lo one of higii feed. Sows Eating their Pigs— To Prevent and Cure the Habit -No 1. To i)revent it, keep a trough of the following mixture where all the hogs can have access to it: Wood ashes, salt, sulphur, powdered charcoal, in aboutequal imlk, mixed, and see especially that sows [)artake of it about this period; then if they commence the eating their young, give them half as much more as long as the}' will eat it, and see also that they have frequent tastes of this preventive mixture. No. 2.— To Cure the Habit. A little salt daily and a handful of charcoal to each hog once a week, it is claimed , will prevent cholera and other diseases; then, if the above mixture. No. 1, is 40— kept where all liogs can eat of it at pleasure, the author will guarantee it preferahle to the salt or charcoal alone. Still, if cholera was prevailing in a neighhorhood, he would advise some of the [)reventives found under that head, having antimony, saltpeter, etc.. with the salt and charcoal. Kee]) on the safe side, is a good motto to go hy. And it is hy thus satisfying the natural desii-e for what their systems need, that a ravenous taste is prevented, that of eating their pigs. Scurvy Pigs— Simple Remedy. Wash the scurvy hair and all parts troubled with the scurf thoroughly e\ ery day for a few times with buttermilk. A farmer who has tried this sc many times as to In- sure of his position, says: "It will entirely and speedily remove scurf." Lice on Hogs— Easy Remedy. "Carbolic acid, 1 o/.., to water, iHo/.s., makes a wash that destroys the lice with- out injury to the hog." Then it would on other animals. ;is cattle, cats, dogs, fowls, etc. Kidney-Worm in Hogs, and ''Fluke'' in Sheep Remedy For. 'i'he Ixiiral AldJximian asserts that kidiu'V-w(uin in hogs, and the tluke-worms that infest the livers of sheep are identically the same. A i)arasitic insect — an insect drawing its whole support from another animal, as lice upon an animal, or worms in them — and the editor claims also "that lye made from hard-wood ashes, if given daih", will work a cure; also rubbing turpentine upon the loins." Kkm.vuks. — "There is nothing said as to the amount to be given, l»ut we should say, if the lye is pretty strong, two or three table-spoonfuls in snuiU amount of slop, two or three times daily, would be plenty. Of course it could not be given without diluting, else it would destroy the mucous membrane of the mouth, throat, etc., as cows have been killed by drinking lye Irft where they could get it. But why not salt and ashes mixed, in place of the salt and chaicoal mentioned Just above? If thev will take enough of it. it will do as well, without a doubt, and 1 have no doubt of their \alue in such cases. " Catarrh. Intlammatinu ol' mucous lining of the nose. If att'iided in time can be easily cured. Plac-e the animal in a clean, warm sty. Feed sparingly on light slops and bran mash. No com. Mange Itch. See under Cattle, the recipe lor. SHEEP. The sheep is tin- most profitable animal you can have on the farm, especially if the land is poor or worn out. "Some farmers of our ac(|uaintance." says tlie Americav Agriculturist, "feel an anti])athy to sheep for the reason that they "bite close." We consider this their chief recommendation. They can only bite where the pasture is short, only on a poor farm. A poor farm will necessarily be encumbered with briars, weeds, and brush in the fence corners. Under such circumstances we should sav to a —41 — farmer who has $20*()r upwards in casli, or credit for i(, h't him horrow the amount if he has to pa}' .1 percent, a month for tlie use of it; invest it in a.s many ewes, not older than three years, as you can get for tlie money. I'ut tiicm in such a field as we have described, and yivc them, in addition to what tliey can |)ick uj), a pint of wheat-iiran and oat-meal (hiily, with free access to water aii on his farm, to obtain a few as soon as possible; for he will undoubtedly find them the most proHtable, for the amount invested in them, of anything on the place. A Few Short Rules for the Care of. '[^he A'))iencremisesand in protection of my own property, and have not in my knowledge, received any injury in retaliation for the death of a (h)g. The j)lan is just and right, and every fair-minded nnm must acknowledge it,'" Rem.vkks. — The author can st'C tmly i>ue ])oini in this plan which may be wrong. It is in this, that he put out his strychnine meat only once or twice a UKtuth, whereas I should think twice a week wouM be l)etter if there were many dogs about. Foot Rot in Sheep— Successful Remedy -No. I. Stdphurie acid 2 ozs. Water. ] oz. Mix and put two old copj)er cents into the mixture and when they are dissolved by the acid it is ready tor use. DiRKcTioxs — Remove all the rotten and decaying i)arts of the hoof with a knife, one such as the blacksmiths use in shoeing horses is the Iiest. .\void if possible any bleeding; then apply the mixture thoroughly to every part which was diseased. Once will generally be sufficient; ImU if there is any disease between the hoofs clean out all you can with a knife and then draw through a piece of soft cord wet with the mixture, make thorough work to prevent its spreading. After the disease is killed apply pine tar over the affected part to protect the foot from dampness and to help hoM the acid mi K lure. No. 2. Carl)olic acid crystals, 1 oz.. water enough to dissolve it. Then put in a ijiece of copper, or an old copper cent, and let it stand until the acid stops acting on it. He sure not to apply till the action has ceased. Then clean the hoof and apply as No. 1. Preventive of Foot Rot in Sheep. A Mr. Karkeek, who is clainuMl to he authority, writes to one of the agricult ui'al papers that when the j)revalence of wet weather makes it prohahle that foot rot may set in, "it is easily prevented hy carting a quantity of earth and throwing it up in the form of a mound "in the centei- of tlie yard attached to the shed, and upon this mound strew small (juantities of slacked lime." Rem.\];ks. — This confirms the general idea that foot rot is hrought on hy external causes rather than internal, and hence the idea given is the "Short Rules for the Care of Sheep," and that is: "Keep sheep dry under foot with litter," etc. Sheep dearly love rolling or even hilly land, and cannot he well kept on low, wet grounds, and especially so if there are no knolls or elevated dry grounds upon which they can gather themselves to rest and sleep, and hence the advantage of the mound in the yard, or litter to k^ep their feet dry in winter. It is well also to keep a mixture of salt and sul- phur where the sheep can reach it and take all the}' want. Use twice as much salt as sulphur. Sheep Ticks— Dip and Other Remedies For. It is important, soon after shearing sheep, to see that the larnhs especially, are freed from these pests; for after shearing, to get away from the light and the exposures of the cold, when the old sheep have parted witli their covering, the ticks will escape to the lamhs, often ti) such an extent as to stunt their growth, reduce them in flesh, and seriouslv weaken them Ity the loss of hlood; when otherwise they would he in their hest condition. The Hearth and Home gives us the usual sti'ength of the dip necessary to free them wIkmi numerous, as follows: "Cheap plug tohacco, ."> llis., hroken up and hoiled in two i)ails of water; then ;^0 gallons added, will luake dip enough for 100 lanihs or 50 sheep. After di|)ping keep them dry a day or two." Todi]) them have a water-tight hox large enough to hold a lamii or a sheep, if any are to he dipped, so as to entirely cover them with the dip. Arrange a sloping tahle at the side of the hox which will allow all the li(|uid to run hack into it. Then take a lamh by the forelegs with one hand, with the other cover v\p the mouth and nos- trils let an assistant take the hind legs, and immerse the lamb entirely, long enougli to allow the dip to pentrate the wool, lay the lamb on the sloping tal)le and squeeze out the surjilus li(iuid, av.d the operation is com|>lete. If this is done every year, it is claimed that ticks will soon disappear altogether; but it strikes the author that ticks are as natural to sheep as lice are to hairy animals, and that they must be destroyed when- ever ihey appear. If fowls are permitted access to the sheep yards they will eagerly search for ticks and pick them out of the wool, but we would rather trust to the more effectual process of dipping. Not long after this process of dipping, a careful examina- —44 — tion of the lambs should bn made, and if there is oi)ly occasionally a tick seen every one of them must be snipped with a pair of scissors, but if very many are left from a want of l)roper penetration of the dip into the wool, it must be repeated, to make a thorough destruction of them, to eradicate them from the flock, before cold weather sets in. Scab in Sheep— Successful Remedy. Take: (Quicksilver. 1 II). Venice tur[)entine j ll>. Spirits of 'rur])cntinc. '1 ozs. Melted Lard 4* lbs. I)ii!i:( Tio.Ns. — Work the first articles together thoroughly in a mortar: tiicn mix into the wai-in lard and stir until cold. Apply to all scabs, and all places indicating the disease — at shearing, or whenever any indications appear — use a swab or sponge in apjilying, rubbing carefully when the skin demands it. Rf.m.vkks. — A farmer of ()lney, Oregon, who has used it ten years, says: "'It saves wool and sheep." There is not a doul)t of the success of this ointment tor scab in sheep, and I have no doul>t either, but that it will cure all eruptive skin diseases of per.sons. If less in amount is needed, keep the same proportions. Let it be applied in fine weather, else kee]) the sheep under sheds Un- a few days, lest cold, drenching rains might cause irritation from the tpiicksil ver. wiiicli is men-ury. (See scab remedies also for other animals. See Sul[)hur and Salt. N'aluable tor Sheep, above.) It is also claimebed into the .sores, will cure it. I am. then, of the o|)inion that it is caused by an itch mile, the same as itch on persons, which sulphur wiil kill: then why not cure scab, which is an itch, on sheep, dogs, and all other animals. Sheep Marking Ink. Linseed Oil 1 pt. Litharge 2 ozs. Lampblack . 1 oz I')oil together, and it isreaily to use: anil it will not crisp or injure the wool. Sheep -Wash to Prevent Them from Barking Fruit Trees. The following wash is recommended as a sure preventive of sheep barking fruit trees: "Take soap, the dirtier and stronger the better, and make very strong suds; dis- solve \ lb. whale oil soap in every six gallons, and into this stir, with brush or old stul> of broom, sheep manuie until it is as thick as good whitewash, and witii this mi.xture wash the. trees as high as the shee[) can reach. It will be found that no sheep will come near enough to rub against them for at least two months, the time depending much on the amount of rain. Keep thn mi.xture handy, and i-epeat the application as often as rlece^sary — twice in a sununer will suffice. Sheep running among fruit ti'ees should have plenty of good fresh water; it is thirst that first induces them to gnaw the bark, but after they have once got a taste, they eat because they like it. The above mixture will effectually keep them away, and, l)esi(les. it is a very good application for the health of the trees, keeiiim: the bark smooth and fine and killing any insects that come in contact with it."' —Jo- Sheep Breeding. Never use a lower l)ree(l of hiuik on a higher grade of ewe. If you do you raise only the lower grade of sheep and the ewe will never thereafter breed anything but the lower grade. Scours in Sheep. Mix 2 ozs. of linu' water with 4 ozs. of raw linseed oil, and give when disease Hrst appears. Give half a gill of ginger tea every four hours. F>'ed on gruel made of corn meal and Hour, and put ginger in it. If dysentery intervenes give a teas|)oonfnl of charcoal. Loss of Appetite. If a shec[) loses its appetite give (iuunoiuile Tea. Stretches, or Constipation. Ciive a porridge made of shorts. Feed on chopped roots. Let the shee|) have exercise and good air. POULTRY. The hen is the most pi-otitable thing you van have on your farm, and yet she is generally left to shift lor herself. She should have her feed and water as regularly as the horse and cow, and lu'i' house shouhl be kept as clean. .\s a ruhi the hen house is left from week to week or month to month without cleaning. Of course she gets lou.sy, or worse, gets the choh-ra To clean them and their housr of lice follow these directions; "Take out of the house every perch, nest-box, or movable thing; remove all bat- tens, cleats, or anything whereby a crevice is made, so that the inside is smooth. Then make a whitewash of fresh lime, into which put two ounces of carbolic acid to a pailfuT. Wash the house thoroughly with this on the inside. Then wash the outside. Then smear the perches with a mi.vture of lard and kerosene, putting it on thick, so that when the fowls roost they will get some of it on their leathers. Also put some of it on each fowl, under the wings. This will clear the house, and the hens will clear them- selves, if no recruits are furnished from the house. "In a month, or less, if there is occasion, wash the house again, and grease the roosts; take care to till all the holes and cracks in the poles. It would be well to pass the poles through a tire maone meal 1 oz. Pepper (red ground) i oz. Mi.\ evenlv. Now take as much as necessary of this mi.xtureand make stiff" batter with boiling water and a little salt. Put in a pan and iiake well, ('rumiile and ft-ed. Of course you can" feed the mi.xture dry. Imt tlieliaking will pay. Use milk or cheap soup from scraps of meat or fresh bones to mi,\ with, if you can afford it. (tive vour hens access to lime. (Jive charcoal of the size of |)eas once a week, or burned corn: don't forget the gravel. Chop meat once a week and feed. It induces laving: so will boiled wheat, oats and barley, or buckwheat. Don'l feed more at a time than they eat up clean. To crowd on your ycning chicks for early market Iced them by lamp light the last thing l)etore you go to bed. Feed for Young Chicks. When they are \'2. hours old give stale l)read with milk, or boil an egg haruld eat it) in their meal at theii- iie.xt feeding, every day or two will cure cholera; then 1 claim they — the onions and ginger — will prevent it, if fed occa- sionally, when it is known to be pi-evalent in a neighborhood. A writer says: "Raw onic^ns and a very little ginger against the world for curing cholera, if the disease has iu)t been allowed to run too far." and adds, ''too mftch whole corn we have found in- jurious; it should be in meal, and onhj giren once in three or four days in hoi ivcdlher.'^ No. 2. (Common red pepper, or cayenne pepper, one teaspoonlnl in a (juart of milk, or a f(uart of meal, says .Mrs. .1. K. Duvall of .lanu-stown, I'a.. "is the way I cui-ed mine." I know the ca^'enne inid the ginger are both valuable in cholera, or looseness of the bowels, of persons, why not with these smaller animals? It niust so prove. A poultrv fancier (one who has a special liking for raising poultry) "cures chicken cholera bv feeding, every other day foi" two weeks, bian mash, in which he puts a liberal dose of common red pepper." One old biddy, he says, "was determined to die, crouched in an out-of-the-way spot, l)ut I sought her out, gave her a whole pepper in doses one hour a ])art, kept her in a warm place, and she, in a few days, gave me notice .she could take care of herself." No. 3. "Iloii's lard," another one claims, "cold, in doses of one level tablespoonful to a fowl, and if not better, repeated m twenty-four hours, is a tried and true remedy, and will cure if anvthiuij; in creation will cuie." — 48— No. 4. Alum and copperas is; now claimed to be a well tested remedy for chicken cholera, z. Dough (flour). 1 pt. Mix and feed to one dozen chickens twice a day. Gapes in Poultry— Cause and Successful Remedies. Omsk. — "Althougii this di.-^ease is helievetl to he contagious and e|)idemic, i. e., one catches it from another, and it is liable to atl'ect a whole neighborhood, yet it is claimed to originate from foul water, exposure to wet. and a want of nourishing food. Then look out that none of these are alhnvcil. and avoid gapes. The gapes are caused bv fine red worms or maggots in the heart and trachea, or wind pipe, which makes them gape, or perhaps, more correctly speaking, to gasp for breath.'" No. 1. Rkmkdiks. — Camphor spirits. 1 or '2 teaspoonsful to 1 qt. of their drinking water at the commencement may prove all that is neeiled: but if any become bad, a bit of camphor gum the size of a grain of wheat, for a chick, ami of a small pea for an older fowl, put into the throat and retained there until swallowed, is claimed to be a "sure cure;" but a teaspoonful of camphor spirits should also be put into each quart of their drinking water. No. 2— For Gapes. ToB.\cro. — .^moking them l>y putting the lot into a box or l)oxes. with a pan of live coals in it, upon which sprinkle fine cut t(>l)acco. covering up the box and smoking them till drunk, ."^ays H. L. .-^cott in the HInde. "I will warrant every chicken." No. 3. Salt butter has cured bad cases; given in the morning while they are hungry they will eat readily. If too sick to eat put some down the first time, the next morn- ing they will eat it of themselves. (living two or three times will generally be sufficient. This, with pepper, is reciMumended below. No. 4. Bl.\ck Pepper — \ Mrs. M. 1). lUish ol Saline, Mich., informs the Detroit Post and Tribune: "Obtaining the grain [>epper and grinul liefore it a drinking fountain containing about a gill (4 ozs.) of water with whicii I have mixed one drop of tincture of aconite. In every instance during three years, lliis treatment has had an effect almost marvelous, f )r upon visiting the patient an hour or two afterwards, I have found that the sym})toins had vanished. The attack Cora day or two is liable to return, yet each time in a lighter form, but continuing the aconite water has in no instance with us failed to com[)lete!y remove the ailment in about forty-eight hours." Kkm.vrks. — If so bad when found, that they will not drink, pour a teaspoonful of the aconite water down the throat occasionally, once in an houi' or two, until they can drink it. Scaly Legs of Poultry. Mix equal parts of lard and kei'osine oil into a paste, with sulphur, and i-ul) upon the legs daily until tlie scabs come off, then rub on a little sweet oil or a little lard or fresh butter. Egg-Eating Hens— Simple but Certain Remedy For. Make an opening into the large end of an e<^2. and let out the contents, beat it up and mix into it enough mustard to re-fill it, and paste on a bit of cloth to keep it in; then place it where the egg-eaters can see and get at it. It is too much for them. And as they take it for granted that all the eggs are alike, they give up the hai)it. 1 cannot 5-ee why it would not be as good for egg-eating dogs as for hens. Eggs— To Keep. The general principle is to exclude the air, to put in a cool place and in dry mate- rial. Start with sound eggs only. Deca^y once begun be it ever so .slight keeps on. All the following are good: No. I. Grease the eggs well in fresh salt l)ulter and pack in very dry bran, in layers, with the small end down. Heat your bran in the oven. Any oil will do, but salt but- — ter, if fresh, is better, and it takes Init a little. The eggs, if in a cool place, will keep eight months. You may use salt in place of bran, and they will keep seven months. The salt can be fed to stock afterward, so it won't be wasted. No. 2. Beat up till' whites of fresh eggs with a little salt. Paint the eggs with tiiis mus- cilage and pack in drv bran: put away in a cool place, and six months after thev will be e(jual to fresh. No. 3. P>oiling water. 12 (|ts. Freshly slacked lime 1 pt. Salt 1 i)t. Mi.\ well. Let stand for three days in a cool place. Fill your keg or barrel half full with fluid of this strength. Then put your eggs down in it. It is said they will keep two years. No. 4. Tack in finely ])owdered, very dry. gypsum (Plaster of Paris) as in No. 1. Poultry The average of Different Breeds as Layers. Tabi.k, with rkm.vrks ri'ON, Best Sicttkijs, Motiikks. Wintku Pavkks, v.rc. — E.xper- iments have shown the following to be about the average laying capacity of the did'cnnt breeds, yearly, and the weight of eggs to the pound: nii;k Ykak Liglit Brahmas and Patridge Cocliins 7 1.30 Dark Brahmas x 130 Black. White and BuHTochins. 7 115 Plymouth Rocks S 150 • Houdans S 150 La Fleche 7 150 Creve Coeurs (S 140 Black Spanish 7 140 Leghorns. .