F ■ fe^>- ^m^^mi ^iwM ■ ■ • 1^; k" ■«ss. -^> nctuTcsc^ae >-- t^*-:-S!>r , ■ V ?^ ,^^: ..--4: ., « Class _JFii^ Rnnk .tl 11.^1^ I c HUE ^^a \-v M ^ .jf^ Hi^: ;':.v "4 ' Wr'i I \ ^»?' UBHARY of CONGRESS Two Cooles Received AUG 8 1906 /I Coayri£>it Entry tLASSf <2- XXc. No. /S' o S^ COPY B. y^ "White Vlain^, JV. ^. ^ HROADWAY, IA)OKING SOUTH. S "The apparel oft proclaims the man," so the name of a place usually has some relation tc ^\ situation, commemorates some important event in its history, or is given in honor of its founde benefactor. Such, however, is not the case with White Plains, for with singular infelicity designation our forefathers selected a name entirely without significance and wholly misleading The stranger, hearing it spoken of, naturally pictures to himself the monotony of the pra without its vastness, or the flats of Holland unrelieved by the picturesque windmill or the slugj canal. What, then, is the true topography of this village? Nestling among the rugged hills of Westchester, with scarcely a level spot within its borders, it bears, as viewed from the sc a striking resemblance to the beautiful city of Florence, the leaf-clad heights in the distance suggesting: cool shades of the Vallombrosia, the crystal Bronx representing the "Tawny Arno," and the sta Court House reproducing the Italian villa. If you would get a correct idea of its altitude and of the beauty of the surrounding countr}-, stand on great portico of the residence of Mr. O. R. Harriman, or on the site of Mr. Paul G. Thebaud's new h " Hillair," and look about 3-ou. | Far below, in the valley, the Mamaroneck River pursues its tortuous course to the sea through apparently unbroken forest, and beyond are the broad expanse of "The Sound" and the Long Island s RAILROAD AVENUE. etching to the east and west, until its outline gradnally fades away and disappears. To your right is a iiorama of hills walled in b\- the Palisades. Passing on to "Hill Crest" or "Ophir Castle," an entirely different scene presents itself; one that will ke the Englishman feel quite at home, as he views the rich rolling meadows, and the tall church spires ing from among the trees. Do not be content with contemplating Nature from afar. Come nearer and see what a rich floral store she 5 here. As you return from your office, weary and worn with the struggle of the da}', she comes out to et you and extend a grateful welcome. From Scarsdale, right into the heart of the village, she has stationed a guard of hemlocks to watch her uitiful Bronx, clothing them with ermine and studding them with jewels in winter and in the spring ping every branchlet with a tas.sel of golden green. The silver-barked beeches also rise on either side and erlace their protecting branches above the rippling stream. Look to the left and see these masses of loyeU' iks on the western slope, and a little higher up, note the great layers of creamy white dogwood rising one )ve the other. Later in the season you will find the pastures carpeted with golden rod and the orange ored butterfly plant. But, if you would hold still closer converse with Nature, visit her in her virgin home among '"The Hills," on the steep inclines of the new reservoir. Here ma}- be found the rare flora of this itude, many of them unknown even to eager amateurs. The hillsides are covered with laurel and the pink ilia. In the shade f)f the forest trees are found the monotropa, the yellow and the pink moccasin flower, and ■eral varieties of dainty orchid. Up among the rocks the arbutus, that harbinger of spring, peeps out from ong the withered leaves before the snow has taken its final leave. Here, too, may be heard the bark of the :, the drumming of the partridge, and at twilight, the wail of the whipporwill. All this within a radius of •ee miles from the station, which can be reached in thirty-five minutes from 42d Street. "As all roads led to Rom all roads in Westchester Count; to White Plains, and the cor of the proposition, which is j important for our present purp< that roads radiate from it i directions, bringing its residei touch with all parts of the Cc And this is one of the verj- attr features of the place. At mos side resorts there are but one u fine drives, but here one may! over an entirely new road, wit! surroundings and new scenes after day, and make endless c nations, extending the distance iive to twent3--five miles at pie Yonkers, "Sunny Side," Sleepy low, the parks and princel}' uiai of Aliss Gould and Mr. Wm. Rockefeller, are all within easy driving distance to the west. In the op direction, at no greater distance, are Larchmont, Orienta, Rye Beach and Belle Haven, the Newport of C< ticut. If you prefer farm, woodland and lake scenery, take the State road along the base of the preci rocks of Mount Alisery and Kensico Reservoir, cross the valley to King Street, return by wa}- of Lake and St. Mary's Lake, and you have primitive farm life and "bits" of lake and mountain view, wort the Adirondacks or the Maine wilderness. ; Within the village much attention is given to the adornment and care of the lawns, and the fence is rapidl}' becoming a thing of the past. The most striking feature of all, and one that surpris stranger and calls forth expressions of admiration, is Broadway, which was originally the one an( SUMMER HOUSE OX BROADWAY. RESIDENCE OF CH \RLES C. LLOYD. 3 l:l!i>.\Ii\V.\V, I.iMiKlNi; NllKTII\Vi:ST. HESHlKNCE UK HON. \VM. I>. I'LATT. Street of the town. Fifty years ago the County buildings, churches, stores, as well as the principal residences were here. This was White Plains. Now there is not an office or place of business to be found on it. A mile in length, it gradually rises for two-thirds of the distance and then gentlj^ falls awaj'. From a width of loo feet at the upper end it widens out to more than 300 feet at the lower. Fine old trees shade the walks and drives and are scattered singh' or in groups over the broad green. The driveways are curbed, guttered and macadamized. The intersecting streets on either side cuter by double approaches, leaving triangular plots of varying size for shrubbery and flowers. The Green is under the care of the \'il- lage Park Association, an organization that has done much to arouse interest in the old street. At its touch flowers have sprung into life where formerly the thistle and the dock held undis- puted possession and the pasture ground and the hay field of eight years ago have been transformed into velvety turf. On a fine sightly spot, commanding an extensive view of the Purchase Hills and the estates of Hon. Whitelaw Reid and Messrs. O. R. Harriman and W. A. Read, it has erected the picturesque summer home, a view of which appears on the title page of this work. For novelty of design, excellence of work- manship and completeness of finish in its every detail, it has few supe- riors as a specimen of a rustic shelter. Directly below it, at the foot of the hill, the same organization is now constructing a lily pond and fountain, which, when completed, will be the most attractive feature of the Park. In all this work UESIIlKM'E OF MISS MAIIEL I. NATHANS. H.^IUI^TON AVKNTE. 5 BROADWAY PARK. the Association has had the cordial and generous support of the Board of Trustees of tlic \'illa.L;c and of the citizens of the niunicipalit}- and of the towns bcN'ond our borders. Choice shrubbery and beautiful flow- ers are strewn with a lavish hand over the Park, liivinj^ fine effects both of form and color. Nothing speaks more eloquently of the gen- eral law-abiding character of our peo- ple than the fact that it is a rare exception when a flower is picked or a shrub broken, though wholly un- protected by any enclosure, while hundreds of men, women and children in every walk of life pass and repass daily. All the improvements contem- plated have not ]:)een made as yet, , but within the next two years the main features, at least, will become realities, for the interest of the people is now so thoroughly aroused that nothing can stop the good work, and when it is finished it will ^ be the finest combination of park and esplanade to be found in any village in the Empire State, a perpetual joy to all lovers of the beautiful who view it, and an object of earnest solicitude and honest pride to the entire community. Here, then, you have a lovely park at your very door; delightful drives over the hills and through the valleys; charming walks through the woods and by the lakes; superb views of wide extent over a mo.st picturesque country, every charm of rural life. To do justice to While Plains in a space so limited is impossible. This, speaking in language appro- priate to the subject, must necessarily be only the frame work around which a most substantial house might be built. The development of W h i t e Plains real estate has been remark- able in many respects. There are men living here to-day who well remember the time when White Plains consisted of a few buildings grouped chiefl}' around the lower or southern end of Broadway. To da}- there are approximately 3043 build- ings within the corporate limits, 843 of which have been built within the last three years, and a great tract of about five square miles is thicklj' RESIDENCE OF TUO.MAS SI.MPSON'. lilLLAUc, la-JSlHWM'l-J ii|.' i'Al L i;. niKBAUD. settled by White Plains citizens Building operations are steadil}- in creasing in number and importance and many new buildings are now ii course of construction. In character these houses range from the modes cottage to the mansion of the mil lionaire. Another development ii the building line is the constructioi of office buildino-s. o An interesting feature of thi: rapid progress in building has beei the opening and development of nev sections. Almost in a night, it ha: seemed, tracts of more or less un kempt land have been opened anc developed, and turned into park-lik( regions with macadam roads, stOTK sidewalks, green lawns and pretty homes. And A-et, in the face of al this development, real estate mei "OPHJK r.A.R.M." KESIIJENCE OF WHITELAW REID. KBSlDHNfE OF WM. A. UEAn. agree lliat tliey are unable to meet tlic deniand for houses to rent, on the part ot' strangers wlio wisli to locate here. Between iSgo and 1900, the population of White Plains has nearly d;)ubled. In respect to the percentage of increase of population during this period, White Plains probably leads the cities and villages of the State of New York. This fact has caused much comuient and no little surprise. And with this great increa.se in popu- lation Ins come, as a natural sequence, a great increase in real estate values. In quick succession, section after sec- tion ol new territory has been opened, developed and improved. Yet, in spite of the fact that all of this additional land has been made avail- able for homes, the advance in values generally has been strong and steady. In many sections of the village lots :'>#2V: ■^ ■ GKOVNUS OV rAlI, G. THIOMAIM 8 COURT STREET. command two or three times what they might have been purchased for a few years ago. Some land, fo instance, that three years ago was used as a cow pasture and was purchasable for a few hundred dollars ai acre, now sells at $40.00 or more a front foot with a depth of only 125 feet. The home seeker may still however, find hundreds of desirable lots that can be secured at such a low price as to be easily within the read of the man of modest income. As indicative of the advance and development of White Plains real estate, i is \\'orth while to compare the corpo- rate assessments of different periods. In the year 1891, the total assessed value of real estate in the village was $1,261,178.00. Five years later, in 1896, the assessment of real estate was $2,142,495.00. At the expiration of another five year period, in 1 90 1, we find our real estate assessed at $6,761,065.00. Our assessed value for 1 905 was $12,000,000.00. Some of our friends along the river and elsewhere, who have noted our progress, while iheir own homes have perhaps stood still, or taken a few steps backwards, find it hard COURT HOUSE. ■lUDCKLHIUII. HKSinENCE OF OT.IVEH K. llAi understand lliis prosperity and ask the why and wherefore. Tlie reasons are many, and a few will mentioned. Some we may credit to natuie and some to men. Xo one of these reasons is probablj- titled to be designated "the" reason, but each has had potent inflnence and they have united to make hite Plains one of the most desirable places of residence within the limits of civilization -a broad state- .'ut to be sure, but one the truth of which nui}- be demonstrated. The village of White Plains is iilv remarkable for its healthful cation. In fact, there is no place ithin the same distance of New ork that can compare with it in this spect. As far as malaria is con- rned, while this dreaded poison is und nu)re or less in most places 3 to a certain degree of latitude, can be stated truthfully that for anj' j-ears the village has been itirely free from it. The village suffers less from )ideniics than any of the snrround- ig villages, and when any of tluni ) appear thev seem never to att;iin p an}' great magnitude, nor do they ,-er become very violent. As to accessibility, the village is tuated midway between the Hud- )n River and Long Island Sound oout seven miles from each, and connected by steam and electric uesidenck of fu.x.nk t, k.mu.k. 10 UnSIDENCE OF HARVEY HUSTED. RESIDENCE OF E. G. SUTHERLAND cars with every section of the county. A trolley arm extends from White Plains to Tarry town, another to St. I\Iary's Lake, another to Mamaroneck, with connections to Harrison, Rye, Rye Beach, Port Ches- ter, the Connecticut shore, Larchmont, New Rochelle and the Citv of New York. Still another arm e.Ktends to Scarsdale and Mount Veruon and there connects with a line to Yonkers. And it is prob- able that soon another trollej' arm will be under construction to the north. One of the reasons why GREENUIbCK AVE.NL'E. 1 I V* -*''l^^.' :3^ '^*^''.1V^ ■ ^^Jbo: ■THE ORCHARDS." KESII IK.M 'K (IK KICENK !i. KICV.NAI,, While Plains citizens are sanguine of the future, lies in the fact that the village is destined to be the centre of a great electric surface railvvaj' system, binding together all parts of the county and bringing them into close touch with tlie vast territorv bevond the Westchester boundaries. Those havinsf ST. JOHNS ACADEMY. ■■ i I II:) busiuess in New York City comprise a large percentage of the population of the village. The regular single trip fare is fift}- cents ; the round trip fare is ninet}^ cents ; the round trip by the so-called family ticket costs fifty-seven cents, and bv the monthly ticket only about twenty cents or about S6.35 a month. Natural opportunit}- for expan- sion is another reason for White Plains' past, present and future growth. The needle of the compass can point in no direction in which White Plains cannot spread. No river, sound, or insurmountable hills cut her off on any side. On the contrary, she is wholly surrounded by tracts of land which are suitable and desirable for residential purposes. As the count}^ seat of one of the most populous and wealthy counties RESIDENCE OF L. V. SON'E. GR.\ND STREET. 13 UESIPKNCK 111' 11 llUNIHOKSciN. in tlic State of New York, W'liite Plains possesses a peculiar impor- tance. Here are the oflRces of the Register, Countv Clerk, County Treasurer, Sheriff, and other count}- officers. Here sit the Supreme, vSur- roj^ate and Countj- Courts, and the various trial terms durin<,j the year bring to White Plains a multitude of lawyers, litigants, witnesses and jurors. The Board of Supervisors also have their sessions here. In its nearness to New York Cit\- lies one of the chief rea.sons for the advance of local real estate. So long as New York Citv grows, While Plains must grow. The suburban district contiguous to New York City is vast and varied, but uo other .sec- tion of it offers .so man}' advantages for a place of residence as White Plains. New York City Hall can now be reached more quickly from White Plains th;ni from mauv sections of the Borough of Manhattan itself. Those who ate able to judge from experience, will commonly concede that the shopping and theatrical districts of the Borough of .Manhattan can be reached not only with greater comfort, but with greater speed from White Plains than from most sections of the I'orough of Brooklyn. Tlie new rapid transit system, now under construction in New York Citv, will be a great and ])articular blessing to the suburban district north of the city, and our village will come in for its full measure of advantage. By means of it, the trij) from White Plains to City Hall in the Borough of Manhattan can probably be made in less than fifty minutes with the improvements contemplated. As to general improvements, there have been many. A few years ago a common expression was: "The one thing that White Plains needs is good roads." vShe has them now. During the past ten years, fifteen miles of the village streets have been paved with brick or macadamized. Railroad Avenue, the chief business street, and several other streets have been paved over a part or the whole of their length with brick, while nearly all other important streets have been macadamized and equipped with brick-paved gutters. On this feature BHOADWAY, '4 ST. MARY'S LAKE. of municipal improvement alone, the village has expended $580,000.00 ; and the work along this line within the village has been supplemented by the State road work and similar work on the part of surrounding towns. Outside of the corporate limits and within a radius of a few miles of the village of White Plains, during the past ten years 23^2 miles of high- ways have been macadamized at a cost of approximately $222,000.00, and the County is rapidly being cov- ered with a net work of macadamized roads centering at White Plains. Another improvement worth noticing is the village water system which is now the property of the municipality. A storage reservoir, with a capacity of one hundred million gal- lons, has been recently constructed at IlEEIDENCE OF H. P. STEWART. MICMOUIAL M. E. CHimril. ■IHRCII (>[■■ ST. .I.illN TIIR EV'ANOEI.IST. BETHEL, UAPTIST CHURCH. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. ^^PTIST CHUR<^*^ ST. PAUL'S M. P. CHURCH. CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. c:iA'rTi:i{T().\- hill, congregational ciiiiuii GKAC1-: i;l-lSl.t)l'AL llll KCII. cost of 590,000.00, while tlie expense of acquiring the land needed for a water-shed was about S6o,ooo.co. 'his has been a large, but. at the same time a wise and necessary expenditure, and White Plains now lies well nigh unsurpassed water supply and system. The village water is clean and clear, most agreeable to le taste, and has been proved bv ocpert examination lo be pure and wholesome. Further, tliere are no jrporate profits to be realized, and water is supplied to the consumer at an unusually low rate. .\nother noteworthy fact in connection with our water system is tlic high pressure, wliicli proves so Ivantagcous in ca.se of fire. Under direct pumping, the pressure at hydrant, usually about S6 pounds, can Ije increased to 140 aunds, and made to equal the capacity of a first-class steam fire engine This, in addition to a first-class re alarm system, brings us to the mention of the very efficient volunteer fire department of White Plains, [any times, what . threatened to be a disastroiis conflagration has been extinguished with little damage, jlely by reason of tlie prompt, courageous and intelligent manner in which the local firemen have responded. *hey are a well-trained, well-disciplined and well-equipped body of men. Considering the size of the village. le loss by fire has been ver}- small, lid the rate of insurance, a point f interest to all owners of im- roved property, is nearly or quite le "rock l)ottom"' figure of insur- nce companies. In her sewerage and drainage ystems the village is also fortn- ate. The sewer system has been xtended to every part of the vil- ige and connection with it is made ompulsory. The natural drainage f the village is excellent and it > supplemented by a good system f drains. Another recent improvement ame in the establishment of the -ee mail deliverv, wliicli has been CHAPEL OF THK IKVINK COMPASHION. 18 extended even to the rural dis- tricts. Along every possible line of progress in the field of real estate, White Plains is advancing. Build- ings which have been recently erected, or are in course of con- struction, are not only notable in number, but in the improved order of architecture and the higher regard for the artistic, that is now shown. And the owners of old as well as new buildings, speaking generally, are displa3ang a greater pride in their maintenance than was once the rule. Civic pride is wide awake. Great as the development of White Plains in recent years has been, a greater advance may confi- dently be expected within the next few years. The conditions at no time in the history of the village were more favorable for rapid progress than they are to-day, and the outlook for the future is even brighter. The many attractions which exalt White Plains are perceptible to even any casual visitor. Nature has done her part in giving to this locality a diversity of charms which elicit praise from every prospector. Those who come here to reside, seldom go away again unless compelled by adverse circumstances. The reason RESIDENCE OF C. MICHENER. ripi;evie\\ ave.nle. 19 TODD'S LAKE. danger of the disagreeable and nnsanitarj and popnlation. The rate of taxation, includ limits, is less than two per cent. A marked peculiarit}^ of White Plains is than two planing mills, the outpnt of which is therefore purely a re.sidential place, and is free from the noise and smoke that detract so materiall}- from the peace and comfort of factory towns. All the Christian denomina- tions are represented, and have large and flourishing congrega- tions. Popnlation within the village, seventeen thou.sand. These fig- ures differ from those of the vState census, owing to the fact lliat tlie part of White Plains \'illage lying west of the Bronx River, and known as the Chatterton Hill Dis- trict, was included in the census of Greenburgh. Pride, and a spirit to excel prevails among our merchants. No town in Westchester County can boast of finer stores or better markets. of this is that our air, water and scenery are unsurpassed in all the elements and characteristics of a liiallliful. jiicturesque and well located countrj^ home. Our eleva- tion above tidewater is about 270 feet. With the ocean within onlv a few miles on the east and llie liills and mountains of New York, New Jersey and Penns^-lvania on the west. These conditions are known to give that atmospheric perfection which begets robust health. Considering the large amount necessarily expended in securing the man}' improvements noted in this article and nian\- not men- tioned, the tax rate is not high but is what must be expected in a modern, up-to-date village, the citizens of which are unwilling to submit to the discomforts and conditions that prevail in man}- villages of equal wealth ing all taxes chargeable against property within the corporate the absence of anv factories. There are no factories here, other used principallv in local building operations. \\'hite Plains is RESIUEN'CE OF .JOHN MILES. 80 ■'GEDNEY FARM.' RESIDENCE OF H. WILLETS. Our RailrosLd FaLcilities HAT might possibly be considered the eighth wonder ot the world is the fact that the village of J^ White Plains, served b}- bnt one transportation company, which is absolutely free from competition, has a train service which is pronounced satisfactory by those who have occasion to patronize it. The New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, without the incentive of competition on the part of rival lines, and not hampered by the prevailing competitive methods of trolley lines, gives a suburban service between New York and White Plains which is equalled by but one instance in the Ignited States. The present service is the result of a stead}- and satisfactor}^ growth from year to 3-ear, until, at the present time, about as man}- trains are run during the rush hours of the day as the present track accommodations w'ill take care of. It is gratifying to note, also, that for years the service given has actually ex- ceeded the bare necessities of the busi- ness to be taken care of, and that in- stead of being a little behind the times with its service, the railroad company has led the procession, and is now reaping the resulting benefits. BROADWAY. UliSlPENXE OF E. H. GKAVES. RESIDENCE OF AUGUST BltANDES. From 5 a. r.i. until 12 niidnij^lit. a d.i\- of 19 hours, White Plains has 49 trains to Xew York, which aver- ages about one train ever}- twentA'-five minutes. Of these, 27 are local trains, with an adequate number of additional south-bound trains in tlie rush hours; 14 are local express trains, and 8 are through express trains, well distributed through the dav, making no stops between White Plains and New York. P'rom 7 a. m. until 2.40 a. m., a day of 19 hours and 40 minutes, there arrive at White Plains from New York 47 trains, which averages about the same as the south-bound service, (^f these, 27 are local trains. 13 local expresses, and 7 through expresses. P'roni 6 to 9 a. ni. there is a train every 15 minutes to New York. From 4 to 7 p. m. there is a train every 15 minutes from New York to White Plains. It is a well-known fact that trains running long distances are more liable to delays from various causes than those running short distances. The Harlem Dixision of the New York Central, running through White Plains, is purely a local line, running no long and heavy through trains, and as a consequence, the local service is not disturbed through such "through" trains being off their schedules and interfering with the time for local trains, as is frequently the case on almost every other railroad running out KESIDENCE OF F. H. WARNKlt. RESIDENCE uK CliAKI,E> !•.. liini II, M. U. GROVK STliEliT. from New York. The percentage of trains making schednle time is ver}' high, and compares most faxorably with anj' other service ont of the metropolis. Any statement regarding the train service of White Plains, mnst take into consideration the fact that it is on one of the three roads which alone actnal]\' run into ;in\- ])art of the City of New York. The Hud.son and Harlem Divisions of the New York Central, and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, are the only lines actually running trains into the metropolis, making stops at Mott Haven, r25th Street and 42d Street. All other suburban service from New York begins and ends on a foreign shore, and must gain its access to the cit}' proper by ferry at the present time. ' The physical conditions of the Cit}' of •^ew York are such that this is a wonderful advantage, and one that should be given serious consideration by hose contemplating suburban residence. A great deal has been said of late about the tunnel through which hese lines operate south of 96th Street in New York C^ity, and it must be admitted that any tunnel is and nust be somewhat of an inconvenience ; but any person who has had any experience with the aggravating lelays caused by weather conditions in the case of ferries, and the inevitable discomfort of transferring from rain to ferr}-, and vice versa, will )robably be glad to go on record in avor of a tunnel, which, while it mav )e uncomfortable a small percentage )f the time, and the cause of slight letentious occasionallv, is never blocked b}' ice or fog, and through vliich one can ride to the end of his ourney without transfer and the consequent loss of time, and the dis- comfort of a pushing and elbowing -Towd. In this connection, something diould be said of the plans which the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad are pushing to com- pletion, which will eliminate all of :he present slight discomforts of the :nunel in its suburban service. Such plans, which were some time since made public, include the construction af a subway loop, leading from about ^6th Street (the mouth of the present Lunuel) to a new and well planned . ,„ . .. ' UESIDENCE OF JOHN M. DIO.VEY. 24 RKSIDENCE OP W. T. WARBURG. suburban station on the block embraced within Vanderbilt and Madison Avenues and 43d and 44th Streets such subway to be so constructed as to exclude all smoke and gas; all local trains to be handled, betweer Mott Haven Junction and the terminal station, by electricity. This will be a great improvement, and it wii: practically eliminate all the present objections to the tunnel entrance to the heart of the city. This worls has already been started, and will be completed as rapidh' as possible. In a word, in addition to all its other charms as a suburban home center, the village of White Plains has that most indispensable feature of suburban life, a first-class trair service ; and in this respect it is ex- celled by no other village in the out lying districts of the center of tht universe commonly called New York This service is provided by a com- pany which has kept abreast of anc even ahead of the times, and it is only fair to presume that as the vil- lage flourishes, its train service will keep well in hand with the neces sities in that direction. If the receni PTOwth of both the village and the train service is any indication. White Plains has a very gratifying future indeed. RESIDEN'CB OF EDWIN N. DOLL. 25 HHJIi SCHouL. Oar Vablic Schools TPIIE i)ul)lic school sj-steni of a town is a sure index to tlie character of tlie people. The nia- U-rial developnient, the intellectual life, tlie social standards, the moral concepts of a coniniuuity are all dependent on, and all spring" from the schools and the cluirches. The public schools should produce, or at least en- deavor to produce, self-reliant, self- controlling, and self-respecting men and women. Education means, in a Inroad .sense, power to grasp and to solve the great problems of life; it means .<;ettiug hold upon the great thoughts of the past and the present ; it means coming in contact witli the great minds of tlie past and the present : it means a broad and clear conception of nature and of nature's God; it means power of concentration and application; it means adaptation to environments ; it means power to do good, to encourage great activity on the part of those about us; it means, in short, the development of the perfect man or the perfect woman. A review of our public schools shows that the administration is along these lines, and the citizens are in thorough sympathy with all that is highest and best. Our public schools are good enough for children from the most cultured homes, and lliey are so free from bigotry that all may con.scientiously enjoy their benefits. The teaching force consists of fifty-five men and women, all graduates from either college or normal school, and all selected with oreat care The Board of Education and Super- intendent endeavor to secure such teachers as have not cmlv thorough preparation, common sense, good health, religions convictions and an insatiable love of work, but such as, ill addition, feel that teaching is the grandest and noblest profession to which man or woman cmild be called. The total enrollment is about 1700. There are four well organ- ized grammar schools, and a thor- aughl}' epuipped high school. Manj' pupils from adjoining towns are registered in our schools. Text books, stationery, and ma- FISUEU -WE.NLE SCHOOL. 26 at. [i:AST yiDE SCHOOL. terial are furnished children witho co.st. Sanitar}- and health conditio receive very careful consideration. Children are not allowed to ; in school with wet feet or \\i rubbers on, and if the face or han( need washing or the hair nee( combing, the teachers feel that the are matters of prune iniportam The temperature, light and ven lation are watched with care, dt. children are placed in front sc; and children whose sight is impairi are placed where they can see the best advantage. Examinatioi made under the direction of tl supervisor of physical culture have disclosed many cases of impaired vision, imperfect hearing, and curv ture of the spine. All such cases are reported to the parents, and many cases so reported have bee treated by specialists. The seats are carefully adjusted to the size of the the child, and in ever}' possib way we endeavor to surround the pupils with proper phj'sical conditions. All cases of contagious diseases are promptly reported to the superintendent of schools b}- th Board of Health. Immediately all children who could by any possibility' be affected, by the cases s reported, are excluded from the school and not readmitted except by certificate from the health ofhce If a child should be taken suddenly ill in school, with a contagious disease, a physician employed h\ the Board of Education examines ever}^ child in the room, and causes the room to be thoroughly fum gated, to remove all possibility of further contagion. Teachers are constantly on guard, and suspiciou cases are often excluded without the order of a physician. The attendance officer prevents the spread r disease by reporting to the super- intendent cases not attended by a phj'sician. We believe most thoroughl}- that education is for all rather than for a favored few, yet the estab- lishment of institutions for higher education has been a wonderful in- spiration to the common schools. Colleges demand thoroughly pre- pared students, and as a result. college authorities and instructors turn their attention toward tlie common schools and lend their iu- Huence to the upbuilding and betterment of secondary instruction. Any town which maintains a HILLSIDE SCHOOL. 27 fllATTERTOX HILL. SCHOOL. good high school is prettv sure to have satisfactory eleiiieutary schools for various reasons. As the college demands and helps to secure sec- ondar}' schools, so the high school holds the elementary schools to a strict accountability in instruction and discipline. Further than this, just as the prospect of a college course is an inspiration to a high school student, so pupils in tlie elementary school will do better work, will have more interest in school and viill be more apt to cn' .miis hmk.mi:!;. RESIDENCE OF II. R. IIAUKKTT. RESIDENCE OF E. E. WAITE. 'zt iil ^^i^ril »,■ .^fj^iKi-jim RESIDENCE OF IlEXRY D. Bl'CKHOl'T. RESIDENCE OF J. C. L. PRIGGE. RESIDENCE OF G. F. R. Al, HERTS' >.N. r.ESlDEXCE OF H. O. SNIFFEN. THE KEELEY INSTITUTE. oimding towns ; attention is thns centered on our comnmnity, business interests are advanced, people .ettle in our midst for educational purposes, and there is a Ini^h moral and intellectual atmosphere directly raceable to our high school. A new high school building of modern design is now under consideration. An excellent public librarj- stands on the same ground with the high school building, and it is easily accessible for all students from the various schools. The Board of Education have established a night school, which is in session during the earlv months of the year. Altogether, the educational interests of our town are ver}- care- fully conserved, very ably sustained and the citizens are unanimous and enthusiastic in their support. LEXINGTON AVENUE. 32 MAMARONECK AVENUE. RESIDEiNCE OF DA\ ID CROMWELL. WESTCHESTER COl'NTY ILKl'OKTER EUILDIXG White Plains, th e Birthplace of the State of New York. \ far the most interesting and important event in the Revolutionary history of White Plains, was Jt3 the assembling of the Provincial Congress of the Colony of New York at the Court House, on the Qth day of July, 1776, pursuant to an adjournment from New York City. Tlie Congress was organized by the election of General Nathaniel W'oodhull as President, wliii, within a lew short wcL-ks thereafter, was destined to lose his life b\' reason of wounds received at tlie Iruuls of the Britisli on Long Island. The following Deputies were present fmni Westche.-.tcr County, vi/. : Colonel Lewis Graham, Colonel Pierre \'an C )rtlandt. Major Kbenezcr Lockwood, William Paulding, Captain Jonathan Piatt, Samuel Haviland, Zebedinli Mills. Colonel Gillierl Drake, Jonathan G. Tompkins, General Lewis Morris, and Goverueur Morris. The Congress remained in session at Wliite Plains until July 27II1, when it adjourned to meet at Harlem on July 29th. Tlie following letter, dated July 6th, 1776, was received from tlie Delegates to the Continental Congress, then in session at Philadelphia, viz : " Philadelphia, Jul_v 6ih, 1776. "GentlemI'N : "Although it is iu)t jwssible to foresee the consequences of human actit)ns, yet it is nevertheless a duty we owe ourselves and posterity- in all our public councils to decide in the best manner we are able, and to trust the event to that Being who controls both causes and events, so as to bring about His own determination. Inipres.sed with this sentiment, and at the same time fully convinced that our affairs may take a more favorable turn, the Congress have judged it necessary to dis.solve all connection between Great Britain and the American Colonies, and to declare them free and independent States, as you will perceive by the enclosed Declaration, which I am directed to transmit to 3-on ; and to request 3'ou will have it proclaimed in 3-our Colony, in the way you shall tliiuk most proper. "The important consequences to the American States from this Declaration of Independence, considered as the ground and foundation of a future goverumcut, will uaturallv suggest the proprietv of having it proclaimed in such a manner, as that the people may be universally informed of it. " I have the honour to be, gentlemen, " Your most obedient and verj' humble servant, "JOHN HANCOCK. Pirsidcut. " Honourable Couveulion of New York." The following proceedings were Iiad l)v the Congress : "Ordered, Tlril said letter and Declaration be referred to a committee, to consist of Mr. Jay, Mr. Yates, Mr. Hobart, Mr. Brasher and Mr. W'm. Smith. "The Committee appointed to take into consideration the letter from our Delegates in Continental Congress, and the Declaration of Independence, reported the following, which was unanimously agreed to, and is in the words following, that is to sa}' : .A F.\ Y iriTE H V..\ 1 >Qe.VRTlCI(S. 34 I(]'..-.|I ■I'.M'IO I ih U . i'\ l-"lERRO. RESIDENCE < IF W. H. McGKATII. Grounds illustrated above is where the Declaration of Independence was adopted in New York State. " In Convention of the Representatives of the State of New York, "White Plains, July 9, 1776. '' Resolved unanimously, That the reasons assigned b}- the Continental Congress for declaring th United Colonies free and independent States are cogent and conclusive ; and that while we lament the crue necessity which has rendered that measure unavoidable, we approve the same, and will, at the risk of our live and fortunes, join with the other Colonies in supporting it.'-' "Resolved, That a cop}' of the said Declaration and the foregoing resolution be sent to the Chainna of the Committee of the Count}' of Westchester, with orders to publ'sh the same, with beat of drum, at thi place on Thursday next, and to give directions that it be published with all convenient speed in the severs districts within the said count}'; and that copies thereof be forthwith transmitted to the other cotmty con mittees within the State of New York, with order to cause the same to be ptiblished in the several districts c their respective Counties. *The Declaration was read by John Thomas, Esq., and seconded by Michael Varian and Samuel Crawford, two prominent Whigs of Scarsdal THE SEl'iiNIi ■III KT HiiISIC. Site o£ Fjist Culill lluuse. THE FAbCONEER RESIDE.XCE. Headquarters of British Otlicers. 35 THE FIUST NATIONAL UANK OK WlllTK l'U\I.NS. " Resolved, That 500 copies of tlie Declaration of Independence, with llic two last mentioned resolntions of lliis Congress for ap])ioving and pro- clainiino- tlie sanic, be pui)lishcd in liandl)ills and sent to all tlie county cinnniittces in this State. " Resolved, That the Delegates of tliis State in Continental Congress l)e and they are hereby authorized to consent and adopt all such measures as they ni;'.v deem conducive to the happiness and welfare of llie I nited States of America. "Ordered, That copies of tlie aforesaid resolntions be transmitted to the Continental Congress." On the loth day of July the following resolution was adopted by the Provincial Congress, viz : "Resolved and Ordered, That the style or title of this House l)e changed from that of 'tlie Provincial I^ongress of the Colon}' of New York' to that of 'the Convention of the Representatives of the State of New ^ork; " This is the first time the expression "State of New York" was ofiGeiall\- used, and the passage of this esolution properlv marks the birth o inction of ha\ ing been its birthplace. It is an interesting fact and lighly suggestive of the readiness ( f he representatives of the people of his Colony to accept the action of the ^Continental Congress in dissolviii" .11 relations with the mother countiT, hat the above quoted resolutions of uly 9th were adopted before official lotice of tlic Declaration of Indepeiid- nce had reached the Provincial ]!ongress. This appears b\- tlie following etter from the Congress to the body ittiug at Philadelphia: "July I I til, I 776. "Sir: — Your letter of the 6lh uly inst. enclosing a cop}- of the 3eclaration of Congress, proclaiming he United Colonies free and inde- thc vState and this old town of White Plains enjoys the supreme di.s- CENTKAL, HANK. KE5niE.\('U OK ClIAKLKS HA.MMUXI). pendent States, and requestino- us U proclaim and publish the same ir this Colon}', has been received. " It gives us pleasure to inforn you that, having been informed oi that Declaration by our Delegates we have anticipated the request o; the Congress b}- our resolutions oi the 9th inst., a copy of which was enclosed in a letter we did ourselves the honour of writing you this morning. " We have the honour to be, etc . " By order, (Unsigned. 1 "The Honourable John Hancock." A fit ending of this brief account of the circumstances attending the adoption of the Declaration ol Independence by the Colony of New York, is the following eloquent and prophetic letter from John Hancock to the Committee of Safety, then sitting at Fishkill, during a recess of the Provincial Congress, viz : " Baltimore, Januarv 31, 1777. "Gentlemen : "As there is not a more distinguished event in the history of America than the Declaration of hei Independence, nor any that, in all probability, will so much excite the attention of future ages, it is highly proper that the memory of that transaction, together with the causes that gave rise to it, should be preserved in the most careful manner that can be devised ; I am, therefore, commanded by Congress to transmit you the enclosed copy of the Act of Independence, with the list of the several members of Congress subscribed thereto, and to request that you will cause the same to be put upon record, that it may henceforth form a part of the archives of your- State, and remain a lasting testimony of your approbation of that necessary and important measure. "I have the honour to be, gentlemen, "Your most obedient and very humble servant, "JOHN HANCOCK, President. "Honourable Convention of the State of New York." WALLER AVE.NI 37 The Bacttle of White Pla^ins. White Pi.aixs was originally setllcd liy iikii from the sliore-lowu of Rye. By reason of its inland situation it bore a ver}' inconspicuons part in the early pnblic affairs of the American Colonies. Its inhabitants were intent on the tillage of the soil and the incidental milling of their grain and sawing c.f their Inmber for the practical nses of their peacefnl ife. The}' were loyal to their sovereign and the oppressions of the British Crown were less sorely felt than in the more accessible coast towns. By the removal of the Connty Conrt Honse from West- chester to White Plains in i 759, the life of the hamlet grew more variegated and interesting, and came into :loser touch with the stirring events of the times. The town became the gathering place for public issemblies where the political affairs of the colony were hotly discussed, and appeals to the spirit jf liberty and independence were frequent and earnest. Here, in time, the Pr()vincial Congress of New Vork held its sittings and the momentous questions of the day were debated. Here the Declaration >f Independence was first read in the State of New York, and W'hite Plains rose to a prominent place in L^olouial affairs. And here was soon after to be enacted one of the most important events in the history )f the American Revolution. The battle of White Plains, as a contest of arms, takes no rank among the ^reat battles of history, but its bearings on the future of the American nation were of the utmost importance. The Revolution, begun at the battle of Lexington, in April, 1775, had been, up to August, 1776, almost /ntircJy favorable to the Colonists. The British Army, under Howe, had been forced to retire from Boston md take shelter in Halifax. Montgomery, though finally defeated at (Quebec, had driven Carleton from Lake [.Miamplain back to Montreal and then to Quebec. Clinton's naval expedition to South Carolina had been a •omplete failure. The British had no foothold within the thirteen colonies. Parliament had at last begun to realize the magnitude of the task they had undertaken, had appropriated ^ 1 ,000,000 for a vigorou.-; prosecution of the war, had raised a large force of skilled soldier}- at home and lired disciplined Hessian troops from Germany. Their purpose was to concentrate the combined forces at S'ew York, effect a union with Carleton from the north, take possession of the Hudson and so cut off ronnectiou between New England and the other colonies. This large army was sent over in August, 1776, ukI landed at Staten Island. Washington had nuissed his troops, 14,000 strong, for the protection of the :ity, and a large force was entrenched on Brooklyn Heights. A few days later the British lauded at jravesend Bay, south of Brooklyn. The battle of Long Island followed, resulting in defeat and great loss o the Colonists. Under cover of night and a thick fog, they retreated across the river to New York, and iVashington massed his discouraged troops on Harlem Heights. Howe followed, taking possession of the :ity, and many indecisive skirmishes took place. General Howe's plan now was to get in the rear cf A'ashington. in hope of extinguishing his entire army and crushing out the rebellion at a single i)low. \ccordingly, he landed a large number of troops at Throgg's Neck. Washington, ever alert, saw Howe's )urp3.se and sent a detachment to Throgg's Neck to intercept him. This expedition was so far successful that t kept the British at bay for five days, while Washington made preparations to move his army to A'^hite Plains. NO TE. — The national Haj; was nut adopted by Conjjrcss untd Jiiiii; I4tli, 1777, and was not oIliLially promulj;att;d untd Septeinbei' 3i(l ot the anie year. Prior to that, lliere was great variety both in design and color, for example : the flag carried at the battle of White Plains, and known s the halite fla^ of While Plains, bore the "Liberty Cap" together with the sword and staff and the words of Patrick Henry, "Liberty or Death." In some flags the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew, as seen on the English Standard, were retained ; the pine tree was a favorite emblem, ither alone or in conjunction with the designs named above. The Culpepper men carried a tjanner, in the center of which was a rattlesnake oded ready to spring, with the warning below "Don't tread on me," and above the motto "Liberty or Death." Hut a flag bearing thirteen alter- ate red and white strip;s seemed to be generally preferred, and Congress, in adopting it, merely gave expression to the popular will. 38 KKSlliKNC-K OK I>. Sl-OTT. Mil Painful as it must have been lu Washington, tliere was now no alternative left him but to abandon Manhattan Island in order to save his army and the cause. Fort Washing- ton alone was left with a garrison, and w ilh the remainder of his ami}- Washington pressed rapidly on over King's Bridge, over Valentine's Hill and along the west bank of the Bronx to White Plains, where the stores had alread}' been concentrated. Here the army arri\ed on October 2ist, and rested on the hilly ground north of the village; their lines extending from the Bronx over Dusenburj-'s Hill, across Broadway and eastward to the rocky hills at Horton's Pond, now St. Mary's Lake. There, on the two following days, they built three lines of breastworks on the hillsides at var3-ing elevations. General Lee from the south had arrived with two divisions and the total number of troops was about 25,000; but one half of these were sick or unfit for duty. The remaining 13,000 were raw recruits, farmers' boys, undisciplined, mostly un-uniformed, ragged, ill ted and disheartened, and hundreds, their terms of enlistment having expired, were daily leaving the ranks and going home. With infinite patience, Washington inspired them and kept them al work, preparing fi)r the conflict, which seemed to be incvitai)le. Meantime, Howe, abandonding the atempt to get in rear of Wash- ington's army, had withdrawn his forces from Throgg's Neck, and land- ing them at Pelham, marched through Xew Rochelle up North vStreet to vScarsdale, where the army lay in camp for .several day.s. Here Howe laid his plans for a final and decisive engagement, which would annihilate the rebel army and crush the rebel- lion. Everything being ready, on October 28th, Howe, with his entire army, numbering 15.000 disciplined soldiers, came up the Post Road from Scarsdale, driving in the Ameri- can pickets, and spread out his lines eastward over tlie Plains from the Bronx to the Mamaroneck Road. Washington had despatched five regiments with some artillery, under command of General Mac- Dnigal, to hold Chattcrlon Hill. hk^u>ksvk (,i- iha a. yumnsiACK. .|0 Howe, perceiving their position, sent a detachment of Hessian in- fantry and grenadiers with the 2d English Brigade to dislodge them. Crossing the Bronx at the ford, probabh' near the present Sewage Disposal Works, they filed along Mill Lane, covered by the fire of the British cannon from the platean on the east side of the river. Snd- denly facing to the left, in a long line they rushed up the steep and rugged hill in the face of a galling and deadly fire from the summit, while the bulk of the hostile armies, Washington from the hills, and Howe from the Plains, watched the combat from afar. Laborioush', but with the steadiness of trained soldiers, the Ro3-al forces stormed the hill while the Americans poured down a raking fire of shot, and with great bravery resisted every approach. The Americans were holding their position, the British lines were breaking and their men were falling fast, and it seemed to the watching armies that the Americans had won the daj- ; when suddenly, Colonel Rail, in command of two regiments of Hessians, who had climbed bv an easier ascent on the south, appeared over the brow of the hill from the west and opened a merciless crossfire upon the gallant and almost victorious defenders of the hill. The Americans, outnumbered and out-flanked, beat a hastv, though orderlv, retreat down the hill, across the bridge, and up to Washington's camp on Dusenbury's Hill, while the British occupied the hill they had vacated. The battle had been short, and the British were victorious. The loss of the Americans in killed and wounded was not over one hundred, though many stragglers were taken prisoners. The British loss, however, was at least two hundred and twent3'-nine killed and wounded. The latter were re- moved to and cared for in the temporary hospital at the old Ouimb}' homestead on the Post Road, recently pulled down. Had General Howe followed up his advantage, and made a vigorous attack all along the line, as he had originally planned, he would probably have been successful, and the cause of American Independence would LAKE KKNISCO. KKSIDBXCE OF WILLIAM H. GED.N'EY. IN THE HEART OF THE VILLAGE. 4T liROADWAV. liiivc been irretrievably lost. Hut his achantatje had been gained at so severe a eost tlial lie hesitated to take any further risk until he had received rc- iuforecnients. Doubtless, he renieni- l)cred tlie victorj' so dearly bought at liuuker Hill, and llmu^li he nia\- have felt success to be witliin his grasp, he decided to be doubly sure of it. Accord- ingly, the British Army settled down in camp and waited for the two bat- talions of Hessians and the four regiments which Howe had ordered from New Rochelle and New York. Three days were thus wasted before re-inforcements arrived. On the 31st, there was a drenching rain and the attack was postponded for another day. Meanwhile. Washington had been busy cheering and inspiring his raw and disheartened troops, by keeping them at work throwing up strong works in the rear on the heights of North Castle. These hills were steep and inaccessible, and commanded the roads and approaches to the north. There the armv would be securely fortified and able to withstand any attack that Howe might make. Thither the stores and cannon were quietly removed, and on the night of the 31st the whole army vacated their camp at White Plains and I'etired to their impregnable position at North Castle. The movement was decisive. Howe had been outgeneraled. When he took possession of the abandoned camp of the Americans, on the morning of November 1st, he realized that his plans had failed and there was no prospect of success except In' a long siege during the months of the fast approaching Winter. After several days of inactivity and irresolution, Howe suddenly broke camp and moved his army to Dobbs Ferry and thence b}^ the river road towards New- York. It has developed, in recent years, that one of the causes of Howe's sudden change of ba.se was the certainty of capturing Fort Washington, which was still held by the Americans, owing to the treachery of an officer of the garrison there, who had betrayed to the British commander a plan of the fort and its approaches, and full information concerning the garrison, its stores and munitions, thus making its capture possible and easy. On the 6th of November, Washington held a council of war, and it was unanimously agreed to throw RESIDE.VCE OF H. E. SCIIMID, M.D. KE81DEXCE OF Ji_iliN KUSCH. 42 the troops into New Jersey, and on the 9th the movement was made, leaving only a few thousand troops under General Lee until all fear of attack from Howe should be over. Lee re- mained at North Castle for a fortnight and then joined the rest of the army in New Jersey. Thus passed one of the most critical periods in the history of the Revolutionary War. The little fight of half an hour on Chatterton Hill, insignificant as it was, and, like the fight at Bunker Hill, disastrous to the American forces, yet was the turning point in the apparently victorious progress of the British arms. The bight after, Howe's withdrawal was celebrated with great hilarity by the American soldiers, and disgraced by acts of the most inexcusable vandalism on the part of the militia from Massachusetts, who burned the Court House, the Presbyterian Church, and many private dwellings and stores. Thence-forward, during the war, the town, being in neutral territory, was harried alike by friend and foe, skinners and cowboys, so that for many years White Plains was a desolate and deserted village, and all enterprise and spirit had been stamped out. WHITE PLAINS CONSERVATORY OF MISH". ^'Vi^' CHURCH STREET. 43 Remains of Washington's en- trcnclinients are still to be seen on 1 )iiscnl)nry's Hill, and a small rampart with a mortar monnted on it has been sacredly preser\-ed on Broadway, op- posite the residence of William A. Wood worth, Esq. The entrenchments on Mount Misery, west of the reser- voir in North Castle, are also very distinctly visible. The headqnarters (it Washington, during his sta}' here, was the old house now stand- ing near the North Whitr Plains Railroad station at the base of .Mount Misery. I'he old house known as the headquarters, occupied b}- G e n e r a 1 Lafaj^ette in 1776, is also standing on Spring Street. The old house known as the John P'^alkeneer house, occupied by British officers in 1776, stood on the lot north of and adjoining the residence of \\'m. R. Brown on Broadwa3', and was torn down several 3'ears ago. I'KNTIUY (MB. K.VSTElt.N SIATE lil lI-llIM; \\ .M. MII.UOO.NS SANITAKIIIM. 44 prST i:fi h i: Newspapers. — White Plains is exceptionally fortunate in its newspapers. The oldest paper in the County, The Eastern Stale Journal, was established here in May, 1S45, and has been published contin- uously since. The Westchester News was established in 1S71; The Westchester County Reporter in May, 1891, and The White Plains Argus issued its first number in 1896. All the above are published weekly. There are also two daily papers, TJie Daily Record and The Daily Reporter. All are enterprising, ably edited and well conducted. The fact of White Plains being the county seat enables these papers to give attention to the news of the courts and county offices, as well as the happenings of the village and adjacent towns. The Home Savings Bank of White Plains was established in 1893 and has had the most remarkable growth of any savings institution in the State of New York, its deposits now aggregate over $2,700,000.00. It pays its depositors for interest on their money about $90,000 per annum and during its business life, about thirteen 3^ears, has paid over $425,000.00 in interest, having always paid at the rate of four per cent per annum; besides doing this it has earned a handsome surplus, amounting to $65,000, which is held as additional security for its deposits. The First National Bank of White Plains, N. Y., began business in 1S93 under the title of The White Plains Bank, with a capital of $50,000. In 1902 it increased its capital to $100,000, and incorporated as a National Bank, assumina: the title of The First National Bank of White Plains. It numbers among its customers many of the best business men of the town. Its deposits are about $825,000, and it has accumulated a surplus of $45,000. 45 The Central Bank of Westchester County was incorporated in iS6S and is recognized as one of the leading l)anking institntions in the Conntv. It is located on tlie corner of Court Street and Railroad Avenue, opposite the Court House, in one of the most ])n)ininent Inisiness locations in the village. It was !)uilt from the same native stone as the Court House and is one of the landmarks of the village. It is a strong substantial building in appearance, with simple but impressive architecture. A modern safe deposit \;nill has recentl}^ been added, containing safe deposit boxes, which gives the Bank the very best burglar and fire proof protection for its own securities, besides being a great accommodation to the people at large. The Bank has paid to its stockholders since its incor- poration $235,000 in dividends. Its deposits increase each year, and it has stood the test of time and en- J03-S the absolute confidence of the community. The County Trust Company was incorpo- rated in 1903, and commenced l)usiness on July first r that 3"ear in the present offices. No. 122 Railroad Avenue, Barrett Building. The officers and directors of lis financial institution are well-known and successful men, of established reputation and experience, larked success has attended the Company from the start, and its statements reflect a constant and steady icrease in all branches of its business. A general trust and banking business is transacted. Trusts are accepted, the care and management of states assumed, and in its fiduciarj- capacity the Company acts as trustee, registrar, transfer and fiscal Li;ent of corporations, and as executor, administrator, guardian, committee, and receiver. Approved bond and mortgage loans are made, and through its Banking Department the Company re- Mves the accounts of individuals, firms, corporations and banks. Interest is allowed on deposits, which are sub- set to cheque at any time. The County Trust Company is a thoroughl}^ modern institution, conservatively Tin; WHITE ri.AlNS IM.l'R. WHITE PLAINS HOSPITAL. 46 SOLDIERS' MONUMENT ON BROADWAY. managed, and equipped with evety facility for the accommodation of its depositors. Resources ? 1,335, 349. 52. The White Plains Club, organized March 14, 1905. Number of members, 135. This Club is non- political and non-sectarian and is established for the development of literary and social intercourse and for the physical and mental advancement of its members. St. John's Catholic Club, organized in June, 1905, made progress slowly until Januar}' of the following year, when, through the efforts of its members and the generosity of the people of White Plains, it was enabled to purchase a site for a club house on Hamilton Avenue ad- joining vSt. John's School. This prop- erty is now being remodeled and when completed will comprise bowling alle3's, gymnasium, billiard and pool rooms and a well-equipped library. The object of the club is to ameliorate the condition of the young men of St. John's Parish in ever}- possible way, and to this end special energ}' will be spent during the winter season along educational and literary channels. The club now numbers about fifty and is rapidly growing to be a leading feature of the social life of White Plains. PRESBYTERIAN REST. 47 .\i.\i.()Ni:v r.i ilium;. i:.\i;i:i:tt i;rii.ii|.- The brief description aiul llic illuslnitioiis herein, are designed lo reaeli those wlio desire homes, and lave not yet seen White Phiins, or heard of its many advantages as a desirable place of residence. Good elevation, pure air and pure water, accessibility to business and excellent railwaj' service, improved ind shaded streets, well equipped local stores and markets, good schools and churches, good sanitary con- litions and fine drives, make White Plains "The" Ideal spot to locate a home. To all such, White Plains extends a hearty welcome. In the words of the great actor when called jefore the curtain at the end of the play, " l\Iy friends, what would you more?" 8t. MAHYS I.AKK Plutcii liy Electro I.lclil Eiig. Co., New York. IlIiiHtraii'tl l)y ItdKcii HKSlORViill! I.AKi;. Vrvt-i* of Wii.i.is .MrDoNAi.it \ Co., New York, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 205 885 6 • :*