-^^ O' > • • ^ ^> ^ V •I o ■ . .• ,/ "<-^ -A. V • *. '"• r.O" .-°^' **t-. .* o > .^■i' V • .0^ ♦> 1"^ -* ^^' %M^iy^- •^^ .*^ v^^ '-•V "-*-_ o o > ( £1^ 5 ' O > ' •'' ( "t-o^ • A v' "-' 'K'. * - " ° ' \^ .•lOx. "^ ^O *-. KVi-^ . « ' «, \-,< .*"% V^^ v~ O. ^0 ^^. '..'^ .^ ■^^ t<, a'^ o 'X' ^^^. .„/ ■•'-"■-• %o'' .•^'^■-'- ^'„v^^ ••''"■•■^ Vo^' ■-. --^.v*^ •■'•"'■:•. Vo<' ■ ..^ \-'>t^>^ ■^^^-^o.-r-V V'^V"^ %'■ c^ '^ ^/ -^i^ ^^/ ^W'- ^0^ :•■ • ^^^ • - ^0^' ;^ ^^/ •'■ o V .>J 1 » ' • ' > .v" ^^. ^ ' ■ - ■ 4 o i • ,0 -/■ *>. • . , o ' "^ . V . . , r^ 0^ c o " ° « O A^ . " • . '<:t. -^^0^ ■^q. 'o . . • cv ,0 T ■ * < O i T II E FOUNDERS AND BUILDERS OF THE ORANGES COMPRISING A HISTORY OF THE OUTLYING DISTRICT OF NEWARK, SUBSE- QUENTLY KNOWN AS ORANGE, AND OF THE LATER INTERNAL DIVI- SIONS, VIZ.: SOUTH ORANGE, WEST ORANGE, AND EAST ORANGE; ALSO A HISTORY OF THE EARLY SETTLERS (^R FOUNDERS, AND OF THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED WITH ITS GROWTH AND PROSPERITY, KNOWN AS THE BUILDERS. I 0G6 I SOO /^ ILLUSTRATED BY HENRY WHITTEAIORE AUTHOR OF THE HISTORY OF MONTCLAIR ILLUSTRATED. REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF ROCKLAND COUNTY, N. Y., HISTORY OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY, CONN., HISTORY OF STEAM NAVIGATION. AND OTHER WORKS. NEWARK, N. J. L. J. Hardham, Printer and Bookbinder, 243 & 245 Market Street. 1896 v^\^^ PREFACE. TIIE generous support given, and tlu- hearty a[ipreciation shown by the people of the adjoin- ing township of Montclair, (nr the recently ]5ublislied liistory of that township, led the author to undertake the mucli more difficult and laborious task of compiling a history of the (^ranges, under the title of Till-; ForxDKRS AN'i> Biii.DKRS of Till-: ()RA\(;ks. .Although three histories of this locality have been published duiing the past thirty odd years, careful research and tiiorough investigation have brought to light many new and interesting facts, and for the first time a complete history of all the Oranges, including the history of the several churches, schools, societies, etc.. is presented to the public. This covers a period of two hundreil and thirty years — 1666 to 1896— and shows a growth almost unprecedentetl in the history of any similar locality. The past and present are presented in the strongest light ; the old land- marks of the Founders and the beautiful homes of the Builders are illustrated in the highest style of modern art, while the personal history of both Founders and Builders, together with a large amount of interesting genealogical data has been collected at great expense and severe labor. Nearly three years of incessant toil, day and night, has been spent in this undertaking, and the author has endeavoi'ed to place himself in communication with every man and woman in the Oranges who could in any wa\- contribute to the interest of the work by furnishing personal or other data. The author is greatly indebteil to the editors of the Orange Chronicle and Journal, the South Orange Bulletin and East Orange (jazctte for man_\- favors, and for their generous assistance and hearty cooperation, without which the cafely asserted tliat tiic honor of its discovery docs not belong to the distinguished ^ commander of " de Halve Maan." In 1497, Jean and Sebastian Cabot, under commis- ^^K^ r sion of Henry VU, of England, sailed along the coast of North America and claimed for t .j'^ ',' their master the entire country, the shore of which they occasionally saw at a distance. \!^'?^X '" 1524, Jolian de Verrazzano, a Florentine navigator in the service of Francis I, ■ A-' King of France, made a voyage to the North American coast and, from the account ; which he gave, is believed to have entered the harbor of New York. Governor Stuy- ' vesant, in his "Manifesto" to the Governor of Maryland, says: "The French were, in the year of our Lord God Almighty 1524, the second followers of the discovery in these northern parts of this America by Johan de Verrazzano." In 1525, Estevan Gomez, a Portuguese in the service of the Emperor Charles V, who had fitted out the expedition for the purpose of discovering a shorter passage to the Moluccas, visited the bay of New York. On Ribero's map— which embodies the outlines of the map of Gomez — the whole countrj', from New Jersey to Rhode Island, is called //le land of Estevan Gomez. Henry Hudson, an English sailor, whom the Dutch writers called "the bold Englishman," was induced to enter the service of the Dutch East Indian Company, at Amsterdam. He was an experienced navigator; had already, under the patronage of some London merchants, made two attempts — in 1607 and 1608 — to discover his favorite passage, and still had unshaken faith in final success. The company put him in command of a yacht or " Vlie boat " called the Half Moon, of thirty lasts burden and manned b\- a crew of twenty, partly Dutch and partly English. By his agreement with the company, dated January 8, 1609, 1^^' ^^'^^ to sail about the first of April in search of a passage by the north side of Nova Zembla, and to continue along that parallel until he was able to sail south to the latitude of sixty degrees, and then hasten back to report to his cniployers. He set sail April 6. 1609. Disreganling his instructions, however, in his anxiety to discover his favorite object, he coasted along from Newfoundland as far south as Chesapeake, and returning, cast anchor inside of Sandy Hook. Here he lay for a few days, cultivating an acquaintance with the Indians, who seemed highly pleased with the pale-face. In his journal he says: "The people of the country came aboard of us, seeming very glad at our coming, and brought green tobacco and gave us of it for knives and beads. They go in deer skins, loose, well dressed. They desire clothes and are very civil." On the eleventh, Hudson passed tiirough what is now called "The Narrows," and discovered the Kill von Kull, through which he came to Newark Ha\- which he called Acliter Cull, or after-bay, because it lay behind New York Bay. The report of Hudson's discovery created great excitement, and in 1610 a ship was sent out by the Dutch West India Company for the purpose of trading its furs. Five years later, the company obtained a grant of the exclusive trade on Hudson's River, and built forts and established trading posts at New Amsterdam, Albany and the Rondout Kill. 2 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Subsequently, a number of Swedes settled in New Netherlands and for a long time the coitntry was ' held by them and the Dutch, both agreeing to resist the pretensions of the English. Difficulties which arose compelled the Swedes to give up their possessions in 1655, and the Dutch were left in full possession. The claim of the English, founded on Cabot's discovery, had never been abandoned, though the Dutch and Swedish settlers resisted every endeavor to locate an English colony as early as 1640. A thrifty colony was maintained by the Dutch for about fift\- years. In 1660, howe\er, Charles II recovered the throne of his fathers. England and Holland at this time were rivals in trade, and were often placetl in direct opposition to each other. Fearing the evil consequences that might result from the establishment of a Dutch colnny in his possessions, Charles II gave a patent to his brother James, Duke of York, on the 12th of March, 1664, of all that part of New Netherlands King east of Delaware Bay, and sent a force under Sir Robert Carr and Col. Richard Nicoll to dispossess the Dutch of their territory in the New World. General Stuyvesant, of New Amsterdam, was, by reason of his defenseless condition, compelled to surrender without resistance, and the conquest of the colony on the Delaware was accomplished by Sir Robert Carr " with the expenditure of two barrels of powder and twenty shot." The Duke's squadron was yet on the Atlantic and the country yet in possession of the Dutch, when he, by deeds of lease and release, dated the 24th of June, conveyed to John. Lord Berkeley, a brother of the Governor of Virginia, and Sir George Carteret, the tract of land lying betVtVcri^ tlie Hudson and the Delaware Rivers, "which said tract of land is hereafter to be called by the name or names of Neiv dxsarea or New Jersey." [The name was given in compliment to Sir George Carteret, who had defended the island of Jersey against the long Parliament in the civil war, but the powers of government which had been expressly granted by the Duke were not in terms conveyed, though it would seem that both parties deemed them to have passed by tlie grant. | The proprietors formed a constitution, or as it was termed, "concessions and agreements of the lords proprietors," which secured equal privileges and liberty of conscience to all ; and it continued in force till the division of the province, in 1676. In August, 1665, Philip Carteret, a brother of Sir George, was appointed governor, and he made Elizabethtown the seat of government. The constitution established a representative government, and made liberal provision for the settlers. In a few jxars domestic disputes arose, ami in 1672 an insurrection occurred, compelling General Carteret to leave the province. In 1673, England and Holland were at war, antl a squadron was sent by the Dutch to repossess New Netherlands, which was surrendered without resistance by Captain Manning, in the absence of Governor Lovelace. On the conclusion of peace between England and Holland, New Netherlands was restored to the former. The Governor of New York, Major Edmund Andros, claimed juristiiction over New Jersey, insisting that the Dutch conquest extinguished the proprietary title; but early in 1675 Governor Carteret' returned and resumed the government of the eastern part of the province. He was kindly received by the people, who had become dissatisfied with the arbitrary rule of Goxernor Andros. A new set of concessions was published, and peaceable subordination was established in the colony. Governor Antlros, howexer, continueil his efforts to enforce his claims of jurisdiction and issued a proclamation abrogating the Carteret government and recpiiring "all persons to submit forthwith to the King's authority as embotlied in himself." To this the people of Newark replied: " The town being met together, give their positive answer to the Governor of York's writ that tluy h i\e taken the oath of allegiance to the King and fidelity to the present government, and until we ha\e sufllcient order from his Majesty we will stand by the same." Subsequently, Carteret himself wrote to Andros: " It was by his Majesty's commands that this government was established, and without the same commands shall never be resigned but with our lives and fortunes, the people resolving to live and die with the name of true subjects, and not traitors." The difiRculty was finally settled by a reaffirmation from England of Carteret's authority, and a complete renunciation by the Duke of York of governmental right in New Jersey. The Founders and Buiuiers ok the Oranges. 3 Sir George Carteret dicil in 1^179. \W \u-< will ho directed tlie sale of tliat jjart of the i)rovince for tlie payment of his debts ami it was accordinijly sold to William I'enn and eleven others, wlio were termed the twelve proprietors. A fresh impetus was j^iven to the settlement of the country, especially by the people of Scotland. Each of llie twelve proprietors took a partner and they all came to be known as the twenty-four picipiictnis, Awd to tlieni the Duke of \'nik, (ui the i.)th of March, 1682, made a fresh grant. Under the new reijime in New Jersey, Robert Harclay, one of the proprietors, was chosen Governor for life, with power to name his tleputies. There were, in succession, Tliomas Kudyard (1683), Gawen Lawrie, Lord Neil Campbell and Alexander Hamilton. In West New Jersey, Samuel Jennings was commissioned deputy governor by Hyllinge in 1680, and durini; the ne.xt jear he com cncd an assembl)- which adopted a constitution and form of government. His successors were Thomas 01i\e, John .S. Keene, William Welsh, Daniel Co.\e and Andrew Hamilton. In I/OC the condition of affairs in both provinces had arri\ed at that state when the benefits of good government were not attainable. Each had many proprietors and their conflicting interests occasioned such disc>r politic. il .iffiliations of any importance, tliey yet clung to tlie hope of inde- pendence, believetl the danger from England to be averted and spurned "the Christless rule of Connecticut." Mr. Davenport was very bitter at the action of Leite. He wrote to Gov. W'intiirop, in 1663: "As for wiiat Mr. I, cite unite to yourself, it was his private doing, without the consent or knowledge of any of us in the colony ; it was not done l)y him according to his public trust as Governor, but contrary to it." A serious division of sentiment had arisen in the colony which threatened its ver_\' existence. New Haven and Ikanford supported the cause of " Godly Government." but Mr. Leite was continued in his office and the nominal head of the elder faction, Matthew Gilbert, was, as usual, chosen to the subordin- ate office of Deputy Governor. Many now began openly to declare themselves citizens of Connecticut and to ignore the New Haven officers and laws. Taxes could not be collected and the colony, unable to pay the regular salaries of its officials, was plunging deeper and deeper into debt. Discouraged and almost disheartened at the inexorable logic of events, Mr. Davenport exclaimed, "The cause of Christ in New Haven is miserably lost." The possible overthrow of his plans had been forscen by Mr. Davenport and by the leaders of his l)arty during the quarrel with the townsmen in 1658-60, and at that time they had secretly sent out " wise men of good report " in search of a New Canaan. They turned naturally to the Delaware region with which they were alreaily familiar, having previously invested large amounts in that locality. A Committee of inspection was sent thither in 1661 and on the 8th of November, Matthew Gilbert, Deputy Governor of the Colony of New Haven, wrote from Milford to Governor Stuyvesant, at New Amsterdam, informing him that "a Companie of Considerable that came into N. E. that they might serve God w''' a pure conscience and enjoy such liberties and priviledges, both Civill and Ecclesiasticall. as might best advantage unto, and strengthen them in the end and worke aforesaid, w''' also, through the mercy of God, they have enjoyed for more than twentie yeares together, and the Lord haveing blessed them w'"" posterities so that their numbers are increased and they being desirous to p'vide for their posterities so that their outward comfortable subsistance and their souUes welfare might in the use of suitable means through the blessing of the Almighty, be obtained, — that this company having been encouraged so to do by the courtesy extended by the Governor to persons appointed to visit ' some adjacent parts ' on a previous occasion, had appointed a committee of four of their most prominent men, at the head of which was Robert Treat, to confer with him relative to the terms upon which they might ' begin to plant,' and thereafter secure additions to those who might wish to join them ' for the enlargement of the Kingdom of Christ in the Congregational way,' and secure all other means of comfort, and subordination thereunto." In behalf, therefore, of the Committee, sundry propositions were submitted for which, as they were from " true men and not spies," a careful consideration was .solicited with a view to a return of a definite answer to each. Five conditions of willingness to settle under Dutch rule were submitted to Stuyvesant, and he refused assent to all of them, desiring especially to retain control of the election of officers and the right of appeal to the Dutch tribunals. These negotiations remained for a time in abeyance. Stuyvesant, however, was exceedingly an.xious to obtain such immigration, and in the winter of 1662-3, Robert Treat, Philip Groves and John Gregory again communicated with him and found him disposed to make some concessions; he finally wrote home for instructions. In June, 1663. Mr. Treat wrote to Stuyvesant to inquire if the instructions had come, and complained of hindrances at home to the consummation of the scheme. Styuvesant's instructions, which finally arrived, bearing date March 23, 1663, urging him to secure the English for subjects by every means and every concession if necessary. Stuyvesant replied to Treat 14 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. July 20, inviting him to come, and reserving only a formal confirmation of officers and the right of appeal in important causes and in capital cases, unless the criminal party confessed. The rapid succes- sion of events checked the transaction with the Dutch at this point. The high-handed discourtesy of the Connecticut Legislature united for a time all the New Haven factions in opposition to W'inthrop's Charter and led to important action on the part of the colonists. In January, 1664, the General Court for the Jurisdiction voted that "The Committee shall treate with Captain Scott about getting a pattent for Delaware." The simimer of 1644 brought the unexpected surrender of the New Netherlands to the Duke of Vork, on the 13th of December following — New Haven, Branford and Guilford voted to submit to Connecticut. One week after the surrender to Connecticut had been recorded, a letter was addressed i)y William Jones, magistrate of New Haven, to Colonel NichoUs, depicting the great "wrong and injury" of the Colony at Delaware Bay. "The Indians of whom we purchased the land there do owne our right and much desire the coming of the English." It was hoped that " A further search of our records may be further improved by your honor as your wisdom shall think fit." Appeals to Colonel Nicholls were futile. In the meantime, Governor Philip Carteret arrived and fixed his capitol at Elizabctlitowii. In August, 1665, he sent letters to New England, offering to settlers every civil and religious privilege. A committee, consisting of Robert Treat and one or two other prominent men of Millford, was dispatched to New Jersey to satisfy the community that the picture presented of the great advantages to be derived was not overdrawn. Reference has been made to the fact that unsuccessful attempts had been made at different times, to plant an offshoot of the New Haven Colony on the banks of the Delaware, and it seems that the Millford committee first turned their steps thither with a view of selecting a site near the present Burlington. But not being pleased with what they saw in West Jersey, they returned and visited Governor Carteret at Elizabeth, at whose suggestion they determined upon a location on the Passaic. It is said that a formal agreement, comprising fifteen articles, was entered into after a full discussion of the provisions of the " concessions," but the document is lost. There was probably a reference to it in the record of a Town Meeting at New Haven, December 4, 1665. " Mr. Jones tolde thee towne about Delaware. The Articles were reatl antl it was said that a Committee for the ordering of that affayre was appointed." As the concessions required all land to be taken u[j under a warrant fri^m the Governor, and as Treat and his companions were equally decided in requiring an extinguishment of the Indian title prior to settlement, these mutual requirements were considered satisfactorily met by Carteret's furnishing Treat w itli a letter to the Sachem having control of the desired tract, requesting him to give the immigrants possession, and promising to pay therefor, there having been some prior negotiations for the land. " On the subject of real estate in the New World," says Bancroft, " the Puritans difTercd from the lawyers widely; asserting that the heathen, as a part of the lineal descendants of Noah, had a rightful claim to their lands." Charged with this document. Treat and his friends returned to Connecticut to make arrangements for the removal, and early in the Spring of 1666, the first immigrants from Milford em- barked for New Jersey. The record states that "At a meeting touching the intended design of many of the inhabitants of Branford the following was subscribed: Dcut. i, 13; Ex. xviii, 2; Dent. x\ii, 15; Jere. xxxvi, 21. ('Take you wise men and understanding, and known amoug your tribes, and I will make them rulers over you.' 'Moreover, thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness ; and place such over them to be rulers of thousands, of hun- dreds, rulers of fifteen, and rulers of tens, etc.) i. That none shall be admitted freemen, or free burgesses within our town upon Passaic River, in the province of New Jersey, but such planters as are members of some or other of the Congregational churches ; nor shall an)- but such be chosen to magis- tracy ; or to carry on civil judicature, or as deputies or assistants to have power to vote in establishing hiws, and making or repealing them, or to any chief military trust or office; nor shall any but such church members have any vote in such elections; though all others admitted to be planters ha\e right in their pro[)er inheritance, and do so and shall enjoy all other civil liberties and privileges according to The Founders and IU'ii.ders of the Oranges. 15 all laws, orders, grants, which arc or shall licrcaftor be made for this town. 2. We shall, witii care and dilij^ence, provide for maintain. mce of the purity of rehgion as professed in Congregational churches." Wliereunto inscribed the inhabitants from Branford : Jasper Crane, Aura Pierson, Sam'i, Swaine, Lawrance Ward, Thomas Blatchi.v, Samuel Plum, Josl\h Ward, Samuel Rose, Thomas Pierson, John Warde, John Catling, RiniARD Harrison, EliENEZER CaNI-IELD, JoHN VVaRL) SENIOR, EU. HaLL, JoHN HARRISON. John Crane, Thos. Huntington, Delivered Crane. Aaron Blatciily. John Johnson, (his mark), Thomas L. Lvun (his mark). Most of these signers moved with Mr. Pierson to Newark. They went by vessel down Long Island Sound. There is a tradition that Elizabeth Swaine, the daughter of Samuel, was the first to land on the shore of Newark, having been merrily handed up the bank by her gallant lover, Israel Ward, in his ambition to secure for her that mark of priority. She was then nineteen years of age. The omission on the part of Treat, to deliver promptly the letter to the Indians, with which he was furnished by Carteret, and to complete the arrangements for the occupancy of the desired tract, was the cause of unexpected embarrassment and delay. On attempting to land their goods at some point on the river, they were warned off by Indians on the ground, who claimed to be the owners, and informed them that they had not yet parted with their right thereto. The goods were therefore reladen and a report of the circumstances made to the Governor. In the interview that followed, these difficulties were probably removed. Samuel Edsall, a resident on Bergen Neck, to whom the neighboring chiefs had become known through several negotiations with them that he had conducteil, both on his own account and as interpreter for others, was authorized by Carteret to effect the purchase. Accompanied by Treat and some others of the newcomers, he proceeded up the Hackensack to confer with those who claimed to be the proprietors of the land west of the Passaic. In Treat's account of the negotiations, he says: "One Perro laid claim to the said Passaic lands, which is now called Newark, and the result of our treaty was, that we obtained of a body of said Indians to give us a meeting at Passaic, and soon after they came, all the proprietors, viz.: Perro, and his kindred, with the Sagamores that were able to travel, Orton being very old, but approved of Perro's acting ; and then w-e acted by the advice, order and approbation of the said Governor ( who was troubled for our sakes) and also of our interpreters, the said Governor approving of them (one John Capteen, a Dutchman, and Samuel Ed.sall), and was willing and approved that we should purchase a tract of land for a township." A bill of sale was made out, arrangements made for taking possession, and soon the little party, relieved from their close quarters on board the vessels, were established on the site of the contemplated town. While these preliminary measures were being consummated, an opportunity was afforded for the preparation and execution of written stipulations with certain agents from Guilford and Branford — who iiad either been fellow passengers with the Milford people, or had arrived subsequently — that the set- tlers from those places should be permitted to join in forming one common township, provided definite intimations to that effect should be received prior to the ensuing 1st of November. The meeting at which this agreement was made was held, i)robably, on board of one of the vessels lying " near Eliz- abethtown," on the 2ist of May, and was verified by the signature of Robert Treat for the Milford people, and Samuel Swain for those of Guilford and Branford, on the 24th of the same month; it being, they say, their " desire to be of one heart, and consent, through God's blessing, with one hand they may endeavor the carrying on of spiritual concernments, as also civil and town affairs, according to God and a godly government." The document signed by the peo[)lc of Branford, already referred to, was dispatched to Milford, and in the ensuing month the inhabitants "declared their consent and readiness " to conform to its i6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. requirements. Subsequently, at a meeting on the 24th of June, 1C67, shortly after the arrival of the Uranford families, the Milford men also subscribed to the document. The following is a list of names in their order: Robert Treat, Obadiah Bruen, Jeremiah Pecke, Michael Tompkins, John Browne, John Rogers, Rohekt KiTCIlELL, his mark, RoBEUT V. LvMENS, his mark. Daniel Tichenor, John Baldwin, Sen., TiioM. Johnson, his mark. Zechakiah Burwell. Geo. Day. Ei'HRAiM Burwell, Nath'l Wheeler. RoiiiiKT English, Eph'.m 1'ennington, A/.ARiAii Crane, Matthew Camfield. Samuel Kitchei.l. Stephen Freeman, Henry Lyon, Stephen Davis, Edward Rigs, ' J. B. Brooks, his mark, Francis V. Linle, his mark, John Baldwin. Jr., John Tompkins, John Curtis, Robert R. Dennison, William Campe. Hauns Albers, Martin Tichenor, Samuel Lyon, Thomas Morris, John Browne, Jr., Joseph Riggs, his mark, Joseph Walters, Hugh Roberts, Jona. Seargeant, Stephen Bond. The arrangement entered into with the Indians through the agency of Samuel Edsall, which preceded the settlement, was perfected by the execution of a more formal instrument at a conference with them held "at the head of the Cove of Bound Broi)k," July 1 1, 1667, which defines the boundaries as follows: That Wee. the said Wapannick, the Sakaniaker, Wamesane Peter, Captamin. Wecaprokikam, Napeani. Perawe, Sessom, Maniustonie, Cacanakrue, and Harish, doe, for ourselves and With Consent of the Indians, Bargain, sell and deliver, a Certain tract of Land, Upland and Meadow of all sorts; Wether Brooks, Rivers, Swamps, Springs, fishings. Trees of all sorts. Quarries and Mines, or Metals of what sort soever. With full liberty of hunting and fouling upon the same. Excepting Liberty of hunting for the above said proprietors that were upon the upper cummons, and of fishing in the above said Pesayak River : which tract of Land is bounded and Limited with the bay Eastward, and the great River Pesayak Northward, the great Creke or River in the meadow running to the head of the Cove, and from thence bareing a West Line for the South bounds, wh. said Great Creke is Commonly Called and known by the name of Weequachick on the West Line backwards in the Country to the fool of the great mountain called Watchung, being as is Judged, about seven or eight miles from Pesayak town ; the said Mountaine as Wee are Informed, hath one branch of Elizabethtown River running near the said foot of the mountaine ; the bounds northerly, viz : Pesayak River reaches to the Third River above the towne, y River is called Yauntakah : and from thence upon a northwest line to the aforesaid mountaine ; all of which before mentioned Lands for the several kinds of them, and all the singular benefits and Privileges Ijelonging to them, with y= sevral bounds affixed and expressed herein, as also free liberty and range for Cattle, horses, hoggs, and that though they range beyond any of the bounds in this Deed expressed, to feed and pasture Without Molestion or of damage to the owners of cattle &c., above said. Wee. the above said Indians, Wapamuck &c., doe sell, Aliienate, make over, and Confirm all Right, Title and Interest of us, our heires and Successors, for ever Unto the said Lands &c., as above mentioned, to Mr. Obadiah Bruen. Mr. Samuel Kitchell. Mr. Michael Tompkins. John Browne, and Robert Denison, townsmen and .-Xgents for y^ English Inhabitants of Pesayak, to them, their heires and associates for Ever ; to have hold and dispose of. Without Claim, Let or Molestation from ourselves or any other Whatsoever. These Lands, &c., are thus sold and delivered for and in consideration of fifty double hands of powder; one hundred b.irs of lead, twenty axes, twenty Coates, ten Guns, twenty Pistols, ten Kettles, ten Swords, four blankets, four barrells of beere, ten pair of breeches, fifty knives, twenty howes, eight hundred fathom of wampem, two Ankers of Liequers, or something Equivalent, and three troopers' Coates; these things are received, only a small number engaged to them by bill. etc. Eleven years later, on the 13th of March, 1678, the western limits of the tract were extended to the top of the moimtain by a deed from two other Indians, the consideration for the extension being " t«o guns, three coates and thirteen cans of rum." The boundary line of the town on the south, separating it from Elizabethtown, as agreed upon on the 20th of May, 1668, ran from " tlie lop of a little round hill named Divident hill : and from thence to run upon a northwest line into the country " until it reached the Watchung Mountain. The commissioners appointed for this work from Newark were Jasper Crane, Robert Treat, Matthew Camfield, Samuel Swaine and Thomas Johnson; from Elizabeth- town. John Ogden, Luke Watson, Robert liond and JetTrey Jones. The FouNnKRS and Huii.ders of the Oranges. «7 It was proposed by the Milford settlers to call the new settieiiicnt after their own town in the New Haven Colony, and it was called Milford until the arrival of the Hranford people. Then, upon a formal orfjanization of the town government, the name was dropped and Newark substituted. The substitute appears to have been agreed upon in honor of Rev. Abraham Pierson, the first pastoral Shepherd of the [)lace, who came originally from Newark-on-Trent, and who, although second on the list of the Hranford emigrants, was second to none in the esteem and reverence of the entire community. In the old " Town Hook," which is still preserved, the name is written NeW-Worke. The territory thus acquired by moral right from the natives, and by legal right from the proprietors, included the present city of Newark, the city of Orange and the townships of East, West and South Orange, Bloomficld, Belleville, Clinton and Montclair. In the division of the lands, each settler received a "home lot" in the town laid out on the river, for which lots were drawn, the division being in strict conformity with Hebrew precedents — always the Puritanic model. There were, also, first, second and third divisions of the "upland," with an equitable distribution of the " bogged meadow." CHAPTER IV LAYING THK FOUNDATIONS OF A '-GODLY GOVERNMENT." ERECTION OF THE FIRST CHURCH EDIFICE IN NEWARK. I'"TER nearly thirty years of wanderings, the little band of expatriated New Haven colon- ists found at last their ideal "Canaan." Without counting the exodus from England to Lynn, Mass., there were then three removals within thirty years and each time in search of a " Government according to God." i. From Lynn to Southampton, L. I.; 2. Thence toBranford; 3. From Branford to New Jersey. It has been stated that Branford Church moved bodily to Newark ; this, however, is an exaggeration. Mr. Pierson was a more bit- ter partisan than Mr. Davenport, and the history of his flock was indeed a " moving" one. "Our Towne on Passaick " was fitly named by its founders, " New-Worke." It was to be a work of love. Recognizing as they did the " Fatherhood of God " and the " Brotherhood of Man," they built accordingly. A government was established in the wilderness, the fundamental principles of which were drawn from the Mosaic law. The history of this people for more than a quarter of a century was a repetition of God's chosen people under the rule and guidance of the judges and prophets. On entering the " land of Canaan," however, they did not attempt to "drive out the heathen," but lived at peace with their Indian neighbors. In the testimony of the Council of Proprietors at a later period, it is stated that: "We are well assured that since the first settlement of New Jersey, there is not one instance can be assigned of any breach of peace with the Indians thereof (though very few of the other provinces can say so as to their Indians), nor that any proprietor ever presumed to dispossess one of them, or disturb him in his possession ; but have always amicably paid them for their claims, from time to time, as they could agree with them." There was nothing false, nothing Pharisical about these Puritan settlers. They were brave and honest enough to say exactly what they meant and what they desired, and while they encouraged honest settlers to come among them, they embodied in their Fundamental Agreements the following article : "The planters agree to submit to such magistrates as shall be annually chosen b\- the Friends from among themselves, and to such laws as we had in the place whence we came." Another provision was as follows : ''Item, It is agreed upon th.it in case any shall come into us or rise up amongst us that shall will- ingly or willfully disturb us in our Peace and .Settlements, and especially that would subvert us from the Religion and Worship of God, and cannot or will not keep their opinions to themselves, or be reclaimed after due time and means of conviction and reclaiming hath been used, it is unanimously agreed upon and consented unto, as a Fundamental Agreement and Order, that all (such) persons so ill-disposed and affected, shall, after notice given them from the town, quietly depart the place seasonably, the Town allowing them valuable consideration for their Lands and Houses as indifferent men shall price them, or else leave them to make the best of them to any Man the Township shall approve of." The capacity of this people for self-government was early tested. " Will you know," inquires TitE Founders and Ruilders of the Oranges. 19 Hancroft, " witli how little government a community of husbandmen may be safe? For twelve years the whole province was not in a settled condition. From June, 1689, to Au^nist, 1692, East Jersey had no government whatever." The maintenance of order during this period rested wholly with the local authorities and with the people themselves. A town meeting was accordingly convened, March 25, 16S9-90, to provide for the exigency. Hamilton, the Deputy Governor, having left for Furope the preceding August, it was "Voted, that there shall be a committee chosen to order all affairs, in as prudent a way as they can, for the safety and preservation of ourselves, wives, children and estates, according to the capacity we are in." The committee consisted of Mr. Ward, Mr. Johnson, Azariah Crane (^son of Jasper Crane), William Camp, Fdward Ball and John Hrown, "with those in military capacity." It was well for tlie little commonwealth, in those times of disorder, that they were qualified not only for "the carrying on of spiritual concernments," but also for the regulation of '' civil nitii lo'vn njfiitrs ciccorditii^ to God iiiid a godly government." It was not simply that they were a covtvtunity of liusbtindincH, as intiiiiatcd b\- the historian, that made them safe without the protection of provincial laws; they had a higher law, a more imperative rule of action, written upon the heart. Among the inducements held out to immigrants at an early period to settle in New Jersey, was that it was "worthy the name of Paradi.se," because in addition to its natural advantages it had " no lawyers, physicians or parsons." At this period, however, lawyers were in great demand, and it was said that '■ no men grow rich here so fast as gentlemen of the bar." The "parsons," too, exercised a potent influence on the local government. It was emphatically a Christian community that was established here, by no means faultless, but one that recognized the truth that " it is the river from which men drink and live, not such as they bend over to see themselves reflected in before they die, that flows untainted and perennial — a community in which religion was no abstraction, but a living, active, vivifying principle." An agreement entered into by the Founders of Newark and the Oranges, on the 30th of October, 1666, provided first, "That none shall be admitted freemen or free IJurgesses within our Town upon the Passaic River, in the Province of New Jersey, but such Planters as are members of some or other of the Congregational Churches, nor shall any but such be chosen to Magistracy or to Carry on an\- part of Civil Judicature, or as Deputies or assistants, to have power to Vote in establishing Laws and making or repealing them, or to any Chief Military Trust or OfTice. Nor shall any but such Church Members have any Vote in any such elections; Tho' all others admitted to be planters have right to their proper Inheritance, and do and shall enjoy all other Civil Liberties and Privileges, according to all Laws, Orders, Grants, which are or hereafter shall be made for this Town. Second, We shall, with care and Dilligence, provide for the maintainance of the purity of I^eligion professeil in the Congregational Churches." Among the signers to this agreement are the names of Harrison, I^aidwin, Campe, Browne, Camfield and others who became the " Founders of the Oranges." After the first division of "home Lotts," " bogge Meadow," etc., the people turned their attention to the erection of a house of worship. The church organization known as the " First Church of Newark" was actually established before Newark was settled, it having been organized in Hranford, in 1644. In October, 1666, the church, with its pastor, its deacons, its records, and the major portion of its congregation, was simply translated from Branford to Newark; so that its "church work" was really continued uninterruptedly. Dr. Steams saj's of it: "The First Church in Newark appears to be the oldest fully organized church in the State of New Jersey. On September to, 1668, steps were first taken to erect a place of worship. It was voted in the town meeting to 'build a meeting house as soon as may be." This was the central object of interest in every community of the Puritans. A joint letter sent in 1684 to the Proprietors in Scotland, by David Barclay, Arthur F"orbes and Gawen Lawrie, says: "The people being mostly New England men, do mostly incline to their w.iy; and in every town there is a meeting house, where they worship publich- every week. They have no public laws in the country for maintaining public teachers, but the towns that have them make way within themselves to maintain them." 20 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. The whole town helped in the erection of the building. It was 36 feet in length, 26 feet in breadth and 13 feet between the joists, " with a leuter to it all the length, which will make it 36 feet square." The site selected was on the highway leading to the mountain ; it was said to be nearly opposite what is now Mechanic street, or in the corner of what is known as the old town burying ground. It stood then with its gable ends pointing to the north and south, and the broadside "nigh pointing on a square with the street," in the precise spot which Mr. Pierson the elder. Deacon Ward and Mr. Treat had assigned for it. It was Newark's first church edifice and first place of general business — the theatre of all important transactions, religious, civil, military, during the first half-century of its existence. There the townsmen, "after lecture," held their stated meetings and there, on any alarm, the brave soldiers of the little community assembled with their arms at the beat or the drum to defend their homes and altars, their little ones and their wives. A singular custom connected with this church and which prevailed among most, if not all the New England churches, was the social distinction observed in seating the members. "Concerning seating Persons in the Meeting-house, it was agreed that persons should be placed according to Office, Age, Estate, Infirmity and Desent of Parentage; by estate is meant that Estate as Persons purchased and took up Land by, together with the present Estate — comparing all these together." Michael Tompkins, whose son settled in that part of Newark now known as South Orange, was "appointed to do this work." In the Newark Town Records, it is recorded January i, 1666-7, "that John Baldwin, Junior, Thomas Pierson, Junior, Thomas Pierson, Senior, John Catlin, William Camp, Azariah Crane and George Day are chosen townsmen for the year ensuing. These townsmen are appointed to meet every lecture day in the afternoon." [The Baldwins, Piersons, Camps and Days are among the Founders of the Oranges.] Rev. Abraham Pierson, the " Moses" who led his people out of the wilderness to this New Canaan, was an old man when he came to Newark, and after twelve years faithful service, he was "gathered unto his people." He was succeeded by his son, who was his assistant during nine years of his pastorate. Others followed the younger Pierson and continued in the good old way. The sixth regular pastor of the First Church was Rev. Joseph Webb, a graduate of Yale, who was ordained by the Presbytery of Philadelphia, October 22, 1719. The Presbyterian ordination and settlement of Mr. Webb is the first indication which appears of the people turning aside from the " Congregational way." Though the leanings of the second Pierson were toward Presbyterianism, the form of worship in his time and during the time of his successors until Mr. Webb's advent, was Congregational. There is no record of the precise time of the change. The difference between the two forms was, comparatively, so slight that from the first, in New England and New Jersey, persons of both persuasions lived in peace, harmony and good fellowship together, except when firebrand zealots appeared in their midst and sowed discord. About the year 1682, when half the twenty-four Proprietors were Scotch, great numbers of that race arrived and settled in New Jersey, and the historian Grahame remarks that " American Society was enriched with a valuable accession of virtue that had been refined by adversity and piety and invigor ated by persecution." C'HAI'>TKR V. SETTLEMENT WITHIN THE TERRITORY OE THE TRESENT ORANGES. >^^ PURCHASE OF LANDS. DISCOVERY OF COPPER MINES. E boundaries of Newark, a.s described in its cliarter, dated Aprieil y"= I2tli, 1715, were as follows: " Hounded Easterly by a Great Creek that runs from Hackingsack Bay throui,di y<^ Salt Meadow called by the Indians, Wequahick, and now known by y Name of Hound Creek, and Continuing from the head of y" said Creek to the head of a Cove to a Markt Tree; from thence it Extended Westerly upon a Straight Line. by Computation, Seven Miles be the Same more or less, to the End or foot of the Great Mountain and to the Ridge thereof, called by the Indians, Wachung, near where Runs a branch of the Railway River ; from thence Extending on a Northerly Course along the Ridge of the Said Mountain to a heap of Stones Erected to Ascertain the boundary between the s'd Town of Newark and the Town of Achquick- atnuck; from thence running a Southeast Course by Achquickatnuck Bound Line, to where the brook or Rivulet called by the Indians Yantokah, but now known by the name of Third River, Emptieth itself into i'assayack River, and from thence Continuing Down along by the said Passaick River and Hackingsack Hay to the mouth of the said Hound Creek." As the population increased, the settlement on the Passaic River began to spread itself toward the mountain and in the direction of what is now known as the Oranges. Lands were assigned to parties near to and on the Mountain soon after the settlement at Newark began. By the survey of land made in 1G67, " Widow Hannah Freeman hath for her division of upland lying near the Mountain, containing 40 acres, bounded with Sergeant Richard Harrison, North, and by the common. South and East, and with the top of the Mountain, West." Robert Symon, by warrant dated August 19, 1675, had forty-four acres, " part of his third division on the mountain," bounded northwest by the mountain; northeast, by lands of John Baldwin, Sr.; southeast, by Captain Samuel Swaine, and southwest, by Richard Harrison. August 28, 1675, Samuel Swaine had forty acres at the foot of the mountain, bounded on the north by John Baldwin, Sr., and on the west by Robert Symon and Richard Harri.son, and on the east, by Richard Harrison, and on the south by the Common. John Baldwin, Sr., had, September 10, 1675, for his third division, forty acres near the mountain. and bounded north by Capt. Samuel Swaine and John Catlin, on the east i)y Richard Harrison, on the south by John Ward, on the west by the top of the mountain. February 13, 1678-9. " //<•>«. — Anthony Oleff doth confess his Fault in taking up land and meadow contrary to the Town Order, and doth freely submit to the town's Dispose. And upon his Desire, he is admitted a Planter." "//■«•;//.— Anthony Oleff hath granted to him forty Acres of Land at the Mountain, which was laid out to him by the Surveyor." j September 27, 1680. " //cw.— Nathaniel Wheeler, Edward Riggs and Joseph Riggs have a Grant to take up Land upon the upper Chestnut hill by Rahway River, near the Stone House, provided they | exceed not above fifty acres apiece." At what time the settlement began at the Mountain is nnt known, but from the description given 22 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. under the head of " Earl)' Roads," it is evident that there were at least three dwellings on the side of the mountain previous to 1705, viz.: The Stone house in South Orange, Nathaniel Wheeler's and Anthon}' Oleff's in what is now Button Park, near the site of the stone bridge in Llewellyn Park. The Anthony Oleff farm was bounded on the south by Samuel Harrison, on the west by the mountain, and on the north and east by unsurveyed lands. It included on its northern border the street now known as Valley Road, or that part near Tory Corners. Richard Harrison had fifty acres on the north side of Widow Freeman's lot ; also fifteen acres " upon the branch of Rahway River, bounded on the west by John Catlin and John Baldwin Sr., on the east by a small brook running from the mountain, and on the north and south by the common." Thomas Johnson's tract, granted in 1679, of about fifty acres, lay at the foot of the mountain, bounded by the lands of John Ward Sr., and John Ward. Jr. "On June 13, 1679, Fifty-nine acres of upland were surveyed to Joseph Harrison. It was bounded on the north by lands of Benjamin Harrison, and on the northwest by Perroth's Brook." In March, 1685, Paul, George and Samuel Day, sons of George Day, "had surveyed to thcni sixt\- acres of land, bounded on the west b\- the mountain, on the south by Matthew Williams' land, on the east by Wigwam Brook, and on the north by the common." About 16SS, iMatthew Williains exchanged with George Day part of his Newark property for lands bounded by the mountain, Wigivam Brook and the lands of Samuel Day. This property was located in that part of West Orange known during and after the Revolutionary War as " Tory Corners." Under the head of "Early Roads," described as "Another Highway from the wa\- at the foot of the Mountain, running up to the top of the Mountain on the North side of Amos Williams' House," it is clearly shown that there was a dwelling here some time previous to 1705. This house is said to have been built by Matthew, the father of Amos Williams. Matthew Williams, with others, was admitted a planter in 1680, " provitled they pay their ]iurchase for lands as others have done." There is no evidence to show that any of the above named farms were under improvement or occupied as places of residence before 1680. Whether Daniel Dod built his house at what was afterwards called " Dodd Town " before the street or highway to that point was laid out. is not known. The celebrated "Bill in Chancery" mentions surveys for Daniel Dod, in 1679, by warrant from the Proprietors. Discovery and Successful Operation of Copper Mines. It was soon after the settlement at the mountain and the opening of the roads connecting therewitli that a copper mine at Belleville and another on the John Dod farm near the present Bloomfield line was discovered. The first discovery, in 1719, was on the plantation of Arent Schuyler, opposite Belleville. It was a part of what was then known as Barbadoes Neck, which extended from the bay between the entrance of the two rivers, Hackensack and Passaic, about seven miles north to ]5oiling Spring, now known as Rutherford Park. The property was purchased from Edmund Kingsland. A negro slave, while employed in the field, turned up a greenish heavy stone from the soil which attracted his attention, not only on account of its color, but of its unusual weight. He took it to his master who had it forwarded to England, where it was assayed and shown to contain eight)- per cent, of pure copper. Arent Schuyler, during his lifetime, did not work the mine with such energy and profit as his son John afterwards did, yet he sent to the l?ritish Copper and Brass Foundry, England, thirteen hundred and eighty-six tons of rich copper ore. Shortly after the discovery of the Schuyler mine, copper in large quantities was found on the lands of John Dod, who owned about 500 acres, extending from a line a little west of the Bethel Presbyterian Church north and northeast towards Bloomfield. Articles of agreement between John Dod, and Gideon Van Winkle and Johannes Cowman, all of Newark, dated February 24, 1720 (still in the hands of his descendants), grants free liberty for the term of twenty-five years " to search for and tlig in any of the lands or any part of the lands belonging" to John Dod, "within the limits of his patent, or other TiiK Founders and Huii.ders of the Oranc.es. 23 patent, by which he liolds his land in the bounds of Newark, not undermining any building or buildings, to seek for any mines, minerals, copiier or any other metals or ore whatsover." The expenses and profits were to be equally shared by both parties. A stamping mill was erected on the stream and the mine was operated by these parties for several years. Another deed, dated October 8th, 1735 (now in the hands of John B. Dodd, son of Reuben \V.), in favor of William Roe, " for and in consideration of the sum of fifty pounds Currant money of this Province, * * ♦ doth Demise, Grant and Let * * * For and During the whole time and Term of Ten Years from that Twenty-forth Day of Fcbruar\-, shall be in the year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Huntlred and Forty-five, etc. * * * That the said William Roe, his heirs and assigns, sliall have full and free Liberty, power and authority from time to time and at all times to dig, make and sink .uiy pitt, shaft or trench in any or any part of the Lands beloni^'ing unto him, the said John Dod, within the IJounds or limits of his Patent by which he holds his lands, &c., in quest of any Oarc. mines, minerals. Copper or any other metalls or Oare whatsover. * * * " Hereby is Libert)- Granted unto the said William Roe, his heirs and asssigns, &c., * * Together with Liberty of both Wood and Timber to be gotten on any part of said Land for the carrying on of said work. * * * That if the said mine shall appear within the Bounds or Limits abovesaid and to continue Good as That it will answer in Effect the costs and expenses of s'' William Roe during the above Limited Term, then the said Dod shall have and be invested with the Right and property of one equal half of the Erected Engine and Stamping Mill, &c." * * * A bond of indemnity for the faithful performance, etc., was executed by William Roe, which recites " That \, William Roe, of Newark, in the County of Essex, and Eastern Devision of Nova Ceserea, in America, Gen"", am Holden and stand firmly Bound unto John Dod, of the Town, County and Devision of aforesaid, Miller, in the full and first sum of One Thousand Pounds Currant Lawful money of this Province," &c. The terms of the above lease were never completed, as appears by the following: "Articles of Agreement made and concluded upon this Eighteenth Day of October, Anno Domini One Thousand Seven hundred and Thirty-nine, being the Thirteenth year of the Reign of our Soveraign, Lord George the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, &c., by and between I'rind Lucas of the City, County and Province of New York, merch', and Company, with him said Lucas concerned in the affairs of Mining, of the one Part, and John Dod, of Newark, in the County of Essex and Province of New Jersey, Miller, and Company, with him said Dod concerned in a Grist Mill (^Situate in Newark aforesaid, at the Mountain Plantations So Called, and upon a Stream or River commonly Called and Known by the name of Second River, of the other Part), Pursuant unto the undertakings and Covenant obligations of the Persons abovesaid, and more particularly to the End Due ; Trj-al and Search may be made in the Lands of said John Dod, on Rattlesnake Plain, by said Frind Lucas and Company, in quest of Ore, according to Compact, &c. The parties above mentioned do for themselves, their Executors, Administrators and Assigns, Covenant, agree and oblige themselves as they shall or may Concern each one or both of them. " The said John Dod and Company Doth hereby yield, Give and Grant unto him, the said Frind Lucas and Company, as aforesaid, their heirs and assigns, the whole and sole use and benefit or previliges of the Stream or River aforesaid from the Grist Mill, Dam or floom unto the mine works to make and carrj' up a Drift and Dead Water Level for the venting or Carrying off the water from the Mine or Course of Ore, in the lands aforesaid. The said Granted Previlige to be and Remain to them, said P"rind Lucas and Company, their E.xecutors and Assigns, during the whole term or time of their Lease in the Premeses. "Said Lucas and Company shall make and Carry up a Drift and Water Levell from the Dam or floom aforesaid unto a Certain Stationed Stone set up at the head or on the Race filled up and near by the side of the old Levell ; said Drift or Levell to be well secured with Stone and to be and bear in the bottom thereof three foot in Breadth when finished. y\ 24 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. " It is Covenanted and Agreed and Concluded that tlie said John Dod and Company shall have the Liberty and Privilige to Erect and Set up a Grist Mill in or upon the Levell aforesaid, and to bring down a Stream or Course of water upon the Wheel of said Mill as may be thought most Convenient. " In case said Lucas and Company should find occasion to sink a pump in the aforesaid Levell and sett or Erect a Crank Engine to take the water off their works, it is agreed they shall have the use and benefit of the Stream or Course of water brought down as aforesaid, he paying said Dod and Company what Moneys, Charges or Expenses they shall have been at in Digging a Race, making a dam or otherwise Bringing it Down. " Tiie abovesaid Drift or Dead Water Levell shall be Carryed up as aforesaid and Compleated by or before the first day of April ne.xt ensuing the date of these Presents. And, moreover, in case the said Mill and Engine shall be Sett up and Erected and a Stream or Course of Water brought down as aforesaid, said Dod and Company shall have the use and benefit of so much of the same as shall be found over and above what may be necdfull to work or carry the aforesaid Engine. And for the True Performance and all and Singular the Articles, Covenants, Clauses, Conditions and Agreements herein Inserted and as above Specified, each and either of the Said Parties do hereby Bind themselves unto the other. In witness whereof, they have hereunto Interchangably met and sett their hands and Seals the Day and Year first above written. " Signed, Sealed and Delivered in presence of Frind Lucas, [seal] Samuel Fakmar, Clauser Case, [seal] Samuel Lardlem, Anekam Case, [seal] Daniel Taylor. Erasmus x Johos. [seal] mark Tradition says that the mine was successfully worked for several years and that large quantities of the ore were shipped to England. It was abandoned about 1760, or possibly sooner, on account of the water, the floor of the mine becoming lower than the creek, thereby arresting drainage. The entrance to the mine was large enough for the passage of a horse and cart, and within the recollection of people now living there were still traces of the excavation and quantities of debris surrounding it. About 1856, a sensational article appeared in one of the Newark papers, entitled "A Part of Orange Sunk !" The occasion of this was the sinking of a considerable surface of the earth near the entrance to the mine, caused, probably, by the decay of the timber supports of the mine beneath. In two of the contracts made by John Dod — one in 1715, the other in 1745 -it will be noticed that provision was made for a " crank engine" and it is fair to presume that the engine or engines were provided in accordance therewith, yet it is claimed that the steam engine brought over in 1753 for the Belleville mine was the first ever brought to this country. The burden of proof rests with these claimants to show that the Dod mine, which was worked successfully for twenty or twenty-five years, with a stipulation in both contracts providing for a steam engine, none was ever used. CHAFTKK VI. THE MOUNTAIN SOCIETY. THE LAND CONTROVERSY. THE FIR.ST GRIST MH.L. S.WV MH.LS, ETC. ,frj^atfm 1 1 H roads and highways to the mountains, the population gradually increased and the <^ a'M "^S M settlers in the whole section of country embraced in what is now Montclair, the Oranges =''ini!wyf* ''"'^ Bloomfield were united together under the name of TilE MOUNTAIN SociKTY. ; :5^^t J Among the old papers preserved by the trustees of the First Presbyterian Church, of ^J^^*f - Orange, is a deed of twenty acres of land sold by Thomas Gardner to Samuel Freeman, y Samuel Pierson, Matthew Williams and Samuel Wheeler, and the Society at the Mountain • '^_P''> associated with them, which bears date January 13, 1719. 'v^^T^'- The settlers at the mountain erected their meeting-house, called their pastor. Rev. (S(^ Daniel Taylor, made man\- improvements in the locality and became a separate and ' distinct community. They lived in peace and quietness for several years until about 1734, when the land troubles began. In 1702, the agitation and excitement of the people who found the way of progress blocked bj- the jealousies and rivalries of the East New Jersey Proprietors, culminated in disturbance and confusion. The proprietors, finding their embarrassments increasing, voluntarily surrendered the right of their government, but not their right to the soil. The surrender of their government rights was accepted by Queen Anne, April 17, 1702. It was stipulated, among the conditions of the transfer, that "the crown disclaims all right to the province of New Jersey other than the government, and owns the soil and quit-rents, &c., to belong to the said General Proprietors ; and the Governors are directed not to permit any other person or persons besides the said General Proprietors to purchase any land whatsoever from the Indians within the limits of the grant." By an act of the Assembly, published in November, 1703, after the arrival of Lord Cornbury, not only all the Indian purchases which had not been made by the Proprietors before that time were declared null and void unless grants for them were obtained within six months, but also all who should thereafter make purchases of the Indians except Proprietors (and they only in the manner prescribed by the act), should forfeit forty shillings per acre for every acre so purchased. The point matle in defense of this stringent prohibition was, " Has not the crown of England a right to those void or unhabited countries which are discovered by any of its subjects? Has not the crown of England a right to restrain its subjects from treating with any heathen nation whatsoever? Has not the crown of England at least granted that right to the proprietors by the grants of New Jersey under the great seal of England?" At this juncture the settlers of Newark, still intent upon the possession of the tract beyond the First Mountain and unmindful of the claims of the proprietors, made purchase directly from the Indians of the land " westward or nurthwest of Newark within the compass of the Passaick River, and so southward unto Miiuiisink Path, viz., all lands as yet unpurchased of the heathen." The deed was executed by Loantique, Taphow, Manshum and divers other Indians. This document was lost by fire in the house of Jonathan Pierson, in Newark, about the year 1744. It bore date March, 1701-2. This deed was confirmed through renewal by King Quiehtoe. King Tischewokamin, Shaphoe and Taupis, as the successors and heirs of the original grantors. It was executed March 14, 1744-5. The amount paid for the tract of thirteen thousand five hundred acres was one hundred and thirty pounds New 26 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. York currency, or about three hundred and twenty-five dollars. This tract included the section from Fullerton's Urook, below Swinefield liridye, to a point near Little Falls, and between Second Mountain and Passaic River. The townspeople of Newark, to the number of one hundred and one individuals, assumed themselves to be joint proprietors of this tract Ij'ing west of the First Mountain which the\- caused to be divided in lots or shares. During the period to 1740, the section acijuired a \er_\- limited population. From 1734 to 1750, the settlers were greatly harrassed bj' the se\eral proprietors, who demanded payment for lands occupied. The first organized opposition to this demand began with the inhabitants of the Mountain Society in 1734, as shown by the following /irci/w/A- copj- of an agreement entered into by the planters to defend their rights: cut ■eL-yna/'Lna_^: H^ue^^/^ /s~ y>2^ ■ A'av^rX' floue^^v.^^ V^ 3H -^"^ ^~^ ^^~^ '"^ ^A.'^''"V_ '^^t. ^' Ju-^SriJeA^ g^TT^^cteriti t^tlt^a^ '^>'Z^^z«'^^!'a-^J^c/^^i^gf -^g-^ ■ ijiti^oJA, a£^(i^<4 ^JU.^ Bjv^ ■^iJ^tKe/^'i^PASLt-eyx^ (^ ^eyjoay^/., Yi.^^,'MZY /C ^ ^t §Q,euJi 9,issing. "At length, after passing thick woods on the right, I found myself in a small plain where I saw a handsome farm ; a small camp which seemed to cover it, a large tent extending to the court, and several waggons arountl it, convinced me that this was his Excellency's quarter; for it is thus that Mr. Washington is called in the army and throughout America." Such, as far as we have been able, b\' throwing side-lights upt)n the screen to bring out more clearly the picture, were the circumstances attending Gen. Washington's temporar\- occupancy of Crancstown with his army; and such the position of the several lines at Totowa, on his return thither in con.se- qucnce of the abortive scheme of Gen. Lafayette to attack Staten Island. For five long years had New Jersey been the scene of varying warfare, and for a full year no important aggressive movement iiad been made by the army, while signs of depression were becoming more and more evident in the minds of the patriots and not a few even began to doubt the outcome of the already long-continued Tiiic Founders and Him dkrs ok the Oranges. 35 struggle. The troojis at this time were, ami had for mmuhs been, poorly clad and scantily fed. The term of service of not a few was e.\[)irinLj. and the)' were an.\ioiis to return to their (in some instances, devastated) homes ; Congress was well-nigh powerless to aid by reason of the refusal of several of the States to recognize Congressional authority; the credit of the country was at discount, and money obtainable only on individual and responsible guarantees ; treason had already shown itself, and might become unearthed elsewhere at any time — all these an.xieties were pressing ujjon the mind of the Commander-in-chief at once, and _\et not a tjuiver of discouragement was apparent either in his countenance or his acts, but he proceeded to lay plans with the same imperturbability that had .always characterized him. Just five days after the Marquis de Chastellu.v had left the entrenched army at Totowa (November 28, 17S0), Gen. Washington assigned to the difTerent divisions of the army (then reduced to only a little over lo.OOO troops) their winter quarters, his own being established at New Windsor, Ct. The New Jersey line was to quarter at Pompton, N. J., the Pennsylvania line at Morristown, the Maryland regiment of horse at Lancaster, Pa., and Sheldon's horse at Colchester, Ct.; one New York regiment at Fort Schuyler, one at Saratoga, and the remainder of the line at Albany, Schenectady and other ex-posed points. But a brighter dawn than any in the past was drawing nigh. As already stated, in less than a year from that very time (on October 17, 1781), came the surrender of Lord Cornwallis and the recognition of .\nurican independence by European nations. CHAPTER VIII. ERECTION OF ORANGE AS A SEPARATE TOWNSHIR ITS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE FOUNDERS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. XTIL 1782, the only name by which the settlements aloni^ the mountain and extending toward the Newark settlement was known was that of the Mountain Society. There were several small hamlets embraced within the territory of wliat is now the Oranges which were designated by the names of the principal families living in these localities, as Ereemantown, Williamstown, Pecktown, etc. As the population increased the importance of ha\-ing a name to designate the parish was a subject of frequent discussion. Public meetings were held and several names were proposed. At one of these meetings Mr. John Munn jokingly suggested the name of Orange-field. Several names with the word "field" as a prefix had been suggested. The name of Orange struck a popular chord and it was then suggested that as the locality was both mountain and valley, that the word Dale would be more appropriate, and by popular consent this became the name. The first public application of the name to this locality was made by Rev. Jedediah Chapman at a meeting of the Presbytery, in 1782, when Orange Dale was named as the place of tlie next meeting. The first reference to the name in connection with this locality appeared in the Town Records of Newark, in 1790. when "John Ogden (O. Mountain 1." was appointed to the ofifice of road overseer. The iniiabitants soon foiuul that it was only necessar)- to give the locality a name in order to start a "business boom," and they no doubt believed, with Col. Sellers, that there was "millions in it." The following advertisement appeared in Wood's Newark Gazette and Nnv Jersey Advertiser, of June 10, 1795: r TO BE SOLD By way of pul)lic vendue, on -Saturday, liie 25th of July, twenty-three building lots, pleasantly situated in Orange Dale, on the main road, opposite the meeting-house and adjoining the academy. Four of said k)ts have a never-failing stream of water running through them, which renders them convenient for tanning business. On one of said lots there is a well of excellent water and likew'ise a number of good fruit trees dispersed through the different lots, all of which are fronting on a road which renders them convenient for both mercantile and mechanical busmess. They are situated in a vi-r\' nourishing part of the country, and would be very convenient for any person or persons who may wish to take in boarders. MATTHEW CONDIT. JOSEPH CONE. Tlic name of "Orange" was first applied to the place the year following and the "Dale "was dropped. This was in an advertisement which appeared in the same paper: Opened on Tuesday, the 17th, inst., under the immediate instruction of .Mr. Wyckoff, who has taught the English and learned languages, the arts and sciences in this place with approbation and success for a number of years. Those who choose to send their children to this institution may be assured that great care and .altention will be paid both 10 their education and morals under the attendance, direction and Influence of a board of trustees annually chosen by the parish for that purpose. Orange, May 24, 1796. JF.ni'.ni.Ml CH.M'M.AN. Prfsideiit. TlIK FoUNIiK.US AND lil' I I.DKRS ()V Tlir. OUANOKS. 37 Orange became a separate township under an act of the State legislature Passed the 27lh day of November, 1806. I. I5e it enacted, />)' the Council and General Assembly 0/ tin's Slf frame buildings, which rapidly succeeded the old log houses and barns. Cultivating Atple Trees and the Manufacture ov Cider. The soil of East New Jersey seems peculiarly adapted to the growth of the apple. Soon after the first colony located here, apple seeds brought from Connecticut were planted in this their virgin soil. Reference to the planting of these trees is made in the Town Records as early as 1C78, and four years later Governor Carteret, in writing to the proprietors in England, said: "At Newark is made great quantities of cyder exceeding any that we have from Ne-M England, Rhode Island or Long Island." The careful cultivation of this fruit improved the quality and in time almost every farmer in the county had his apple orchard. The famous Halilwin, Harrison and Canfield apples which attained a world-wide reputation, originated among the families of that name in this locality, and no doubt Ebenezer Canfield, who had " the best farm at the mountain," introduced the apple bearing his name. After the close of the Revolution, cider mills and distilleries were established all over the county, and Orange, then a part of Newark, became famous for the rich quality of its cider made from the Canfield and Harrison apples, and thousands of barrels were annually shipped to the South and other parts of the country, and were even exported to Europe. "Applejack" became the favorite beverage of the tipplers, and distilleries multiplied, while intemperance increased. The government tax on spirits and the increased consumption of " blue grass" from Kentucky put an end to this " industiy. "(?) Long before the invention of machinery for the purpose, Orange had become a great manufacturing 38 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. centre for boots and shoes made from the leather manufactured at the several tanneries in Orange and vicinity. As early as 1697-8 the Town Records of Newark show that land was given to Azariah Crane " out of the common," and " enjoy it so long as he doth follow the trade of tanning." Soon after the close of the Revolution, Benjamin Williams, who had been carrying on a cider mill and distillery, started a tannery or shoe shop and currying shop. Samuel and Amos, sons of Benjamin, did a thriving business in this line for many years. They also ground the bark and shipped it to England. Others also did a profitable business in this line. The tanning business led naturally to the manufacturing of shoes, ami many of the farmers found it profitable to devote a portion of their time to the manufacture of shoes. Ihese were carried to New York in wagons and sold to wholesale dealers who packed them in hogsheads and shipped them to other markets. An extensive trade was done during the war of 1S12 in the manufacture of arm_\- shoes. The industry increased in extent, gradual!}- improving in style and quality, and men's and women's shoes of the finest grade and qualit)- were shipped to the eastern, western and southern markets. The largest trade was carried on directly with the Southern States. The panic of '57, the stoppage of trade with the South and the large indebtedness of Southern merchants at the breaking out of the war, crippled the manufacturers to such an extent that many of them were obliged to go out of business. The manufacture of army shoes caused a temporary revival of trade, but Eastern competitors soon drew the trade in that direction. When Orange became a separate township, in 1806, there was but the one church — First Presbyterian — and not more than two or three stores. Stephen D. Day was the pioneer merchant, he having started in business six years before Orange separated from Newark. During the first quarter of a century the population increased to nearly four thousand. Through the discovery of the mineral springs, in 1820, it had already become known as a health resort and there was a material increase in the summer population. " Gordon's Gazeteer," published in 1830-33, says: " Orange Township, bounded northwest by Cald- well, northeast by Bloomfield, east and southeast by Newark, south b}- Union, southwest b}- Springfield, and west by Livingston; centrally distant northwest from Newark four and one-half miles; greatest length north and south, seven miles; breadth east and west, five miles; surface on the west, hilly, etc. * * * Orange the first town. South Orange, Camptown, Middleville and Jefferson Village are towns of the township. It is drained northeast by Second River and southwest b\- branches of the Rahway. Population in 1830,3,887. Iti 1832, there were in the township 625 ta.xables, 172 householders whose rateables did not exceed $30 in value, 76 single men, 15 merchants, 3 grist mills, 2 saw mills, 40 tan vats, 362 horses and mules, and 1,099 neat cattle above the age of three years; and it paid State ta.x, $298.19: county, $780.20; poor, $600; road, $1,050. " Orange is a straggling village of the preceding township and a post-town, extending about three miles along the turnpike road from Newark to Dover and distant about three miles northwest from the former. Contains one Episcopal, one Methodist and two Presbyterian churches, two taverns, 10 stores, two saw mills and a bark mill, from 200 to 230 dwellings, many of them very neat and commodious." Mr. F. W. Baldwin, in the Orange Chronicle, December 19, 1891, sa)-s : "The population in 1840 and for man>- }-ears later was almost entirely native. Ireland had scarcely begun to send her ship-loads of laborers to our shores, antl it was an uncommon thing to meet either a foreigner or a colored man. Such a thing as a beer saloon was unknown and all the tippling was done at the old tavern, then kept 1))' Isaac M. Smith in the same building now known as the 'Central Hotel,' or in the Park House, kept by Barnabas Day. Shoemaking was the onl\- manufacturing industr\- of any consequence then pursued and the custom was for a man to have his shop alongsiile his house. " It was the custom at that time for nearl_\- all the shoe manufactures to keep stores, and instead of paying money to their workmen they issuetl books in which the work done was credited a)id the goods from the store were charged. " Main Street was at that time a sleepy village thoroughfare; its roadbed soft and santly in dry The Founders and Biih.dkks ok iiik Oranges. 39 wiatliLi ami nuuldy up lo tlic \va_L,'i)n hubs in spiin;,' and fall. The street was edged with a row of tall sycamores that in summer cast a grateful shade and shielded the occasional passer-by from the scorching ra\-s of the midday sun. " There were only two hotels in the village aiul the only independent stores were those of S. D. Day iS: Hailey, which stood on the present site of Music Hall and which was the original of the present firm of Hailey, Everett & Co.; John M. IJndsley, the predecessor of N. & G. Lindslcy and later of John N. Lindsley, and William Condit, at the corner of Main and Centre Streets. They all kept general country stores. "There were no special stores of any kind, the first drug store being that of Cyrus D. Minor, located on Main Street, about 1850. Such a thing as a newspaper was almost unknown. Here and there a more progressive citizen than the average subscribed for the Seiitiiul or the Eag/c, published in Newark, and when a manufacturer had occasion to go to New York, which was a day's undertaking, he would bring with him a copy of the Herald. "Street paving or sidewalk flagging had not been thought of, the first man to introduce this improvement being Moses H. Can field, who carried on a large shoe manufacturing business where Library Hall now stands, and who flagged to the full width the sidewalk fronting his shop." (HAPTKR IX. THE FOUNDERS OF THE ORANGES AND THEHi DESCENDANTS. HE Founders of the OrAiNGES embraced not only the original settlers — many of wlKmi left no descendants — but a large class who came at a later period and engaged in farming o» in the various industries that sprang up soon after the close of the Revolution. Tlie list of Founders includes those who settled in Orange previous to its erection as a separate township in iSoO. Old wills, deeds and other records show that many of the early settlers could neither read nor write, and their "mark" affixed to these documents established their legality be\-ontl question. These men left their mark on the community, and their character for honesty, uprightness and devotion to principle is incffaceably stamped on the pages of history. These men brought into the wilderness with them the energy of the Anglo- Saxon and the \-igorous yet rigorous and stable religious principles of the Puritan. Entering this then forest with bold hearts, they placed the rude cabin by the side of the wigwam and made the forest vocal at once with praise to God and with the sounds of civilized industry. Allotments of land by and on the mountain, to .settlers, at a very early period were made, but at what time they actually took possession and erected their dwellings is not known. The two oldest houses still .standing in the Oranges are the stone house in South Orange and the Samuel Harrison place in Orange, near Tory Corners, in Washington Street. The former was erected before 1680. August 19, 1675, Robert Symon, by warrant, had forty acres, "part of his third division on the mountain," bounded northwest by the mountain, northeast by lands of John Baldwin, Sr., .southeast by Capt. Samuel Swaine and southwest by Richard Harrison. August 28, 1675, Samuel Swaine had forty acres at the foot of the mountain, bounded on the north by John Baldwin, Sr., on the west by Robert Symon and Richard Harrison, on the east by Richard Harrison and on the south by the common. September 10, 1675, John Bald\\in,Sr , had for his third division, forty acres near the mountain and bounded north by Capt. Samuel Swaine and John Catlin, on the east by Richard Harrison, on the south by John Ward — known as John Ward, Turner — on the west by the top of the mountain. John Catlin had sixty acres extending to the top of the mountain. Richard Harrison had fifty acres on the north side of Widow Freeman's lot. also fifteen acres "upon the branch of tlie Railway River," bounded on the west by John Catlin and John Baldwin, Sr., on the east by a small brook running from the mountain, and on the north and south b\- the common. In June 9, 1679, Thomas Johnson's tract lay at the foot of the mountain, measuring thirteen by fifty chains and bounded on the nortii by lands of John Ward, Sr.. on the south by lands of John Ward, Sr., on the cast by the plain and on the west by the top of the hill. Said tract to remain for fifty acres, allowance being made for bad land. John Ward, Sr., had fifty acres bounded on the north b\' Thomas Johnson, on the east by the plain, on the south by John Catlin and on the west by the hill. Anthony Oleff had fifty acres bounded on the south by Samuel Harrison, on the west by tlie mountain, on the nortli and east bv unsurveved lands. He married the wiilow of George Day and died The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 41 without issue, March 16, 1723, aged eighty-seven years. The Oleff farm was purchased by Peleg Shores who conveyed the eastern and southern portions of it (one equal half) to Jonathan Lindsiey. He sold it to David Williams who, in 1730, purchased the other half of the farm. On June 13, 1679, fifty-nine acres of upland were surveyed to Joseph Harrison. It was bounded on the north by lands of Benjamin Harrison and on the northeast by " Perroth's Brook." April 27, 1694, a warrant was issued to John Gardner in right of Abraham Pierson, for a tract at the foot of the mountain, bounded on the northeast by lands of Azariah Crane and on the southwest by lands of Jasper Crane. Daniel Riggs. fourth son of Joseph, one of the original settlers of what is now South Orange, was appointed to settle the estate of his father after the latter's death, and the list of names which appear in his account book in 1744, show the residents of the first and second generation living at that time. Among these arc : Aaron and Timothy Ball, Job Brown, Daniel Baldwin, Ichabod Burnet, Samuel Crowell, Nathaniel Campbell, Thomas Cushman, Samuel and Isaac Condit, Thomas Day, Thomas Dean, Ebenezer Farcn. Samuel Freeman, Ebenezer ami Gilbert lledtlen, Joseph Jones, Jeremiah Johnson, Sam'l Lamson, Benjamin, Ebenezer and Josiah Lindsiey, Xatlianiel, Samuel and Swain Ogden, Timothy Osborn, Joseph Pierson, Hugh Robords, Elisha Stainsborough, William Smith, Daniel Taylor, Benony Tomas, James Tompkins, Leonard Ward. The farm of Daniel Riggs extended from Railway River to the westerly side of the mountain. ^ The dwelling house stood upon the site now occupied by the rectory of the Church of the H(jly', Communion, in South Orange. Edward Ball was the founder of this family in Essex County. He came with the Branford settlers. He was High Sheriff of Essex in 1693. He owned land at the mountain adjoining that of Azariah Crane, at Cranetown. Timothy Ball, son of Thomas and grandson of Edward Ball, settled in South Orange. The homestead of Timothy, on the Ridgewood Road, is still standing and in a good state of repair. Inscribed on a stone in the chimney are the letters, " T. E. B., 1743," showing that the house was built that year. An addition was probably built in 1772, as shown by the figures in another chimney. He married Esther Bruen, probably a granddaughter of Obadiah Bruen. John Brown, one of the Milford settlers of Newark, in 1666, was the founder of this family in South Orange. He had a Patent for forty acres beyond Elizabeth River, which he bequeathed to his sons Joseph and Thomas. The Newark Records, under date of 16S6, contain the following " Item. — Joseph Brown and Thomas Brown have Liberty granted to exchange their Father's Third Division of Land lying beyond Elizabeth River, and to take up the quantity thereof on this side of Raway River below the mouth of the Stone House Brook. They also had liberty to take up sixty acres of land between them." The survey for Joseph Brown was made by the town surveyor in 1686, which describes "a piece of upland granted by the Town vote, 30 acres on the mountain side down to Rahway River, bounded by the River east, John Treat south, top of the Hill west and Thomas Brown north." Added to this was the following memorandum : " Note.— This land hath a House on it, built by Joseph Brown and Thomas Brown, either of them having an equal share of it." This was probably the second house built in South Orange, the "Stone House" by Stone House Brook being the first. The land given to Joseph Brown, it is said, has remained in the possession of his family and descendants and is a part of the property owned by Abijah F. Tillou, who married a daughter of Samuel Brown, a descendant of Joseph. Michael Tompkins, who was of Milford 1639, was one of the original Newark settlers. Michael Tompkins, Jr., owned land within the present boundaries of South Orange. He had fifty-four acres adjacent to the lands he purchased of Mr. Treat which, from the description, evidently refers to a survey made for John Treat, April 27, 1694, for a "a tract of upland by Rahway River on the east side, beginning at the Stone House Brook, thence down the river twenty-six chains," &c. y 42 The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. In 175 I, Samuel Tompkins conveyed to Jonathan Tompkins, for five sliillintjs, one hundred acres, bounded west by the Rahway River, north by Stone House Brook, east by a highway (referring probably to the present Prospect Street). A survey of land at the mountain dated April 27, 1694, for Martin Tichenor, bounded east by the river, west by the mountain, north John Brown, south Thomas Brow n. He was one of the original settlers of Newark. Henry Squier, in 1774, lived in the stone house on what is now known as the Redmond estate. John Walls, mentioned as the " carpenter," had several tracts of land in South Orange as early as 1721. In July, 1713, Allen Wilkinson conveyed to Robert Campbell nine and one-half acres on the east side of Rahway River. Thomas Lutldington was an early settler in South Orange, and Luddington's Brook is mentioned in a deed dated December 12, 1728, by Josiah Ogden and wife to Samuel Freeman, Jr. Samuel Crowell's land is mentioned in a road record in 1728. THE BALDWIN FAHILY. The name Baldwin is said to be derived fiom the words Bald, quick or speedy, and win, an old word signifying victor or conqueror — the true signification being " the speedy conqueror or victor." The Baldwins, Earls of Flanders, were contemporary with Alfred the Great, whose son Baldwin (2d) married the daughter of Robert of France, who.se daughter Matilda married William the Conqueror. Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, with a train of 200 horses and 300 foot, his banner inscribed with the name of Thomas O'Becket, went on a crusade with RICHARD C(JiUR DE LlON, in 1120. Most of the Baldwins of the Oranges trace their ancestry, through Benjamin, to Joseph Baldwin, one of the first settlers in Milford, Conn., in 1639. This Joseph was probably the brother of Timothy and Nathaniel, sons of Richanl Baldwin, of Cholesburj', Count}- Bucks, England, whose will was proved in 1633. Joseph r(.-mo\'cd to Hadley, Mass. His wife, Hannah, joined the church June 23, 1644, and his four children were then baptized. These were: Joseph, born 1640, Benjamin, born 1642, Hannah, born 1644, Mary, born 1645, Elizabeth, born 1646, Martha, born 1647, Jonathan, born 1649. Joseph (i) gave his property in Milford to his sons Benjamin. Jonathan and Joseph. SECOND QENERATION. HknJAMIN Baldwin (i), second child of Joseph and Hannah ( ') Baldwin, was baptized in Ihulie)', Mass., June 23, 1644, and was taken thence b\- his parents to Milfortl. He marrieil Hannah, tiaughter of Jonathan Sargent, one of the Branford signers of the " Fundamental Agreement," at Newark, in 1666. Benjamin Baldwin's name does not appear on the list but he evidently came with the other settlers, as his name is on the "Sure List of Every Man's estate," in 1667. His " Home Lott " in Newark was bounded east by Washington Street, west by High Street, and extended abo\e the present line of New Street to the canal. The Town Records of Newark, September, 1668, contains the follow- ing "Item. — the town hath granted to Seth Tompkins, Liberty to lay downe his Own Home Lott and take up that which was formerly Granted to Benjamin Baldwin." Whether Benjamin (1) removed to South Orange is not definitely known, but at a Town Meeting held March 19, 1673-4, "il^ is. also agreed that Weavers Thomas Pierson and Benjamin Baldwin shall be considered by the Surveyors to make their out lotts on the Hill shorter." At a Town Meeting, January 24, 1686-7, " it is agreed that Benjamin Baldwin's or Stephen Davis's half Bushel shall be the standard which .shall be thought most suitable, and all Measures shall be sealed with an N and all Weights shall be tried by brass Weights if they can be had." "Town Meeting, January 1st, 1693-4. Item. — Benjamin Baldwin is chosen Constable and he hath chosen Jonathan Baldwin, his son, for his Deputy." The children of Benjamin and Hannah (Sergeant) Baldwin were Benjamin (2), Jonathan, Sarah, Joseph. The Founders and JUulders of the Oranges. 43 thiro qeneration. Benjamin Baldwin (2), eldest child of Benjamin (i) and Hannah (Sergeant) Baldwin, was born in Newark (probably in that part now known as South Orant,'c) about 1690. His children were David, born 1715, Anroii, born about 1717, Sarah, born 1720, Bciijauiin (3), born 1730. FOURTH GENERATION. Line of Aaron ',1), son of Benjannin (2). Aarox Baldwin, second child of Benjamin (2), was born in South Orange, about 1717. He owned and died in the stone house (still standing, 1896) situated on the northwest corner of South Orange Avenue and Muiin Avenue, in South Orange. He was a member in communion of the Mountain Society prior to 1756. By his will, dated September 7, 1797, he devised to his son Elias, " forty acres of my land on the westerly end by Klizabeth River. * * * To son Aaron, my house and all my land which I have not given to Elias," etc. Aaron (2), however, died intestate before his father, in LS05, and the father, Aaron Sr., made a codicil to his will in which he devises to grandsons Nehemiah, Joel and Cyrus, and further provides that their mother — the widow of his son Aaron — should be entitled to the same right of dower in the estate as she would have been had the propcrtj" been vested in her husband and had he died intestate. The children of Aaron, Sr., were Zenas, born 1748; Aaron (2j, baptized February 5, 1758; Elias A.; Elizabeth, married Richard Harrison; Eunice; Sarah, born 1766, married Aaron Munn; Susannah; Tabitha, born 1752, married Aaron Crane ; Hannah, born 1762. married Deacon Joseph I'ierson ; Phebe. KIRTH OENERATION. Aaron Baldwin (2), second child of Aaron (i), was born in South Orange and baptized at the church in Orange, February 5, 1758; he died in 1S05 at the home of his son Nehemiah. He served as a private in the War of the Revolution as a member of Capt. Squiers' company. Second Regiment, Essex ; also Capt. Craig's company. State troops. He married. May 5, 1 780, Sarah Baldwin, of Newark, born July 7, 1762, daughter of Joel Baldwin. Their children were Mary, born 1780, married Moses Munn; Nflicviialt, born November 4, 1783; Samuel, born 1786; Cyrus (i), born 1788, died 1793; Joel, born 1790; Ira ; Cjrus (2), born 1795, Phebe, born 1797; Lucetta, born 1799; Sarah and Matilda L., twins, burn June 23, 1S02. Hoth Aaron and his father died at the house of Nehemiah. in South Orange. SI>CTH GENERATION. Nehemiah Baldwin, second child of Aaron and Sarah Baldwin, was born at the homestead in South Orange, November 4, 1783. The fact that his father and grandfather died at his house shows that he supported both of them in their old age. He married Rhoila Terrill, daughter of Amos Terrill, of South Orange. They had issue Eliza, Aaron Ludlow, Aaron \Wg^?,\ Samuel A., born April 7, 1808, Amarantha, Phebe Louisa, Mary Elizabeth, George W. SEVENTH GENEKATION. Samui:l a. Baldwin, fourth child of Nehemiah and Rhoda (Terrell) Baldwin, was born at the old Baldwin homestead, corner of South Orange Avenue and Munn Avenue, in South Orange, April 7, 180S. He married, first. September I, 1830, Letitia Davis Ward, daughter of Abraham K. Ward, and had issue Enim.i Wliybrew, married Dr. Joseph .\. Corwin, of Newark; Anna Adelaide, born 1834, died 1855; Frederick Wellington, born July 14, 1S39; Theodore Ailing (^Rev.), born November 1, 1843. married Matilda Jane, daughter of William E. Layton, went as a missionary to Turkey in 1867 and still resides there. Samuel A. Baldw in married, second, Mary Addis, daughter of Miles Addis, of Addisville, Pa. By this marriage he had Wilmer Addis, Mary Adelaide, Elizabeth and Jane DuBois. 44 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. eighth gkneration. WiLMER Addis Baldwin, son of Samuel A. and Mary (Addis) Baldwin, was born in Newark, July 19, 1854. He is a member of the firm of J. W. Goddard & Son, New York. He has resided in East Orange since 1891. He married Anna B., daughter of John Smith Hartshorne, of Newark, and has three children, viz.: Mabel Hartshorne, Anna Hartshorne and Elizabeth Carol. FOURTH GEXERA.TION. Line of Benjamin (3), son of Benjan^in (2). of Benjannin (1). Benjamin Baldwin (3), son of Benjamin Baldwin (2), was born in South Orange in 1730. In his will, dated September i, 1801, proved April 9, 1804, among other devises, gives "to eldest son Josiah, in addition to the farm he now lives on, all that ten-acre lot I bought of Benjamin Coe, adjoining on Gershom Kilborn. '•■' * * To son Uzal all that farm he now lives on. * * * To son Jephtha all the farm I now live on, including the land I bought of Jabez Pierson." The children of Benjamin (3) were Josiah, horn 1755, died 1826, married Lydia Ogden ; Jeptha, born 1778, killed by railroad cars at Market Street crossing, in Newark, in 1852, married Catharine Bishop; Uzal, married Sarah Parrott ; Rhoda, married John Myers; Phebe, married Isaac Condit ; Mary, married, first, Joseph Cone, second. John Personettc ; Abbey, married Jonathan Condit; Eunice, married James Condit; Zebula. The Uzal Baldwin farm became the property of East Orange township, for use as the Poor Farm. The Jeptha Baldwin farm became the property of his son Benjamin and was sold by him to the Montrose Park syndicate, and is now within the precincts of Montrose Park, since annexed to the village of South Orange. KIETH GENERATION. Line of Benjanrxin (3). Josiah Baldwin, son of Benjamin (3), [of Benjamin (21, of Benjamin (0, of Joseph], was born in 1755. married Lydia Ogden and had Abram, married Sarah Baldwin; Samuel, married Mary Meeker ; Rachael, married Munson ; Josiah O., born 1796, married Ann Munn ; Elizabeth, born 1782, married Jonathan Lindsley ; Sarah, married Joel Harrison ; Mary, married Cyrus Baldwin ; Abbey, married Joel Baldwin; Harriet, born 1800; James E. Smith, born 1798. Jeptha I^aldwin, son of Benjamin ('3), [of Benjamin (2). of Benjamin (i), of Joseph], was born 1778, died 1852, married Catherine Bishop. They had issue, Mary, married Jabez Harrison; Clarissa, married Charles Ailing; Susan, born iSi 1, married Matthias Crane; Eliza, born iSlo, married Ira T- Freeman; Sarah, married John Lindslej' ; Catherine B., born 1816, married Robert P. Day; Amelia F., born 1817, married Charles Williams; Margaret, married Joseph Wilde; Emma A., married Walter Tompkins; Virginia; George W.; Benjamin E., married Rebecca Tompkins; Aaron Bishop, married Catharine Mason. USAL Baldwin, son of Benjamin (3), [of Benjamin (2), of Benjamin (i), of Joseph], married Sarah Parrott. They had issue Jeptha ; William W., married Phebe Lindsley; Matilda, married Elias Ross ; Uzal; Sarah, married Daniel Camp; Josiah L., married Antoinette Ouimby ; Abby. SECOND GENERATION. Line Of Jonathan., son of Joseph Baldwin, the Ancestor. Jonathan Baldwin, son of Joseph and Hannah ( ) Baldwin, was born Februarj- 15, 1649. He married, first, Hannah Ward, born 1663, died 1693. He married, second, Thankful Strong. He died Dec. 13, 1739. He had children, Jolin, born May 22, 1683; Joseph, baptized 1685. He married a Miss Bruen. He died in 1777. THIRD GENERATION. John Baldwin, son of Jonathan and (Bruen) Baldwin, was born May 22, 1683 ; died January 20, 1773- He had a son, Ezekiel. Till-; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 45 FOURTH GENERATION. EZEKIEL Baldwin, son of John Baldwin, was born December iq, 1719. He married Sarah, daughter of Benjamin Baldwin, (2), and had issue, Gabriel, born 1740, married, first, Rebecca Little, second, Hannah F"oster. His children were: Jeptiia, born 1744, married Plicbe Freeman; Eunice, bnrn 1743, married Samuel Smith; Mary W., born 1752, married Isaac Munn ; Rachael, born 1755, married Zadoc Hedden : CoUb. born 1757; Benjamin, married Isabella Albright. KIRTH GENERATION, Calei: Baldwin, son of Ezekiel, was born October 21, 1757. He served in the War of the Revolu- tion, as pri\ate in Capt. .Abraham L\on's company. Second Regiment of Essex. He had charge, at one time, of several British prisoners. He died in 1799, shortly before the birth of his youngest son. Caleb. He married Lydia Johnson and had children, Eunice, married Simeon Crane ; Sarah, married Henry Baldwin ; Betsy, married Louis Dodd ; Catharine, married Jabez Freeman ; David, Isaac, Caleb. SI>LTH GENERATION. Caleb B.\LDWIN (2), youngest son of Caleb and Lydia (Johnson) Baldwin, was born in Orange, November 2S, 1799, after the death of his father. He is now (1895) one of the oldest persons in Essex County, in full possession of all his mental faculties and a man of remarkable vigor and strength for his age. He is able to walk four miles a day without fatigue. In his boj-hood, he attended school in the old white school-house that stood on the site of the present Brick Church. His teacher was Nathaniel Bruen. After completing his studies he was apprenticed to his brother David at the trade of shoe- making. About 1827, he opened a shop of his own and carried on a successful trade for about five years and then started in the meat business. About 1836, he opened a country store in Main Street, in what is now East Orange, and became one of the first countr\- merchants in this local- ity. In 1S47, Mr. Baldwin obtained a position in the office of the Newark Daily Advcrliscr, which he hekl for twenty years and enjoj'ed the confidence of his employers. He left the employ of the Advertiser to accept a position in the office of the Newark Water Board and after twelve years of active service he retired, having reached his eightieth year. In his younger days, Mr. Baldwin ser\ed ten years as a member of two different military companies of Orange, one of which was com- manded by Capt. Robinson. Many of the old r volutionary soldiers were still living and the military ardor of the young men was at its height. It was in 1824, when Mr. Baldwin had just reached his twenty-fifth year, that one of the greatest events in the history of Essex County took place. This was the reception of Lafayette by the people of Newark, on his second visit to this country. All the military I C.\LEH BALDWIN (2). of the county turned out on that occasion, and Mr. Baldwin marched with his company from Orange to Newark and took part in the the great celebrations, his company, among others, being reviewed by the Marquis de Lafayette and the Governor of New Jersc\-. 46 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. With the exception of his military career, Mr. Baldwin iias led a very uneventful life. He has made the best of his opportunities. With " malice toward none and charity for all," he has endeavored to live up to the golden rule. Upright, honest and conscientious in all his dealings, he has always proved himself worthy of the trust and confidence reposed in him, and in his declining \-ears he has a " conscience void of offence." Mr. Baldwin married, first, in 1S25, Sarah, daughter of Bethucl Pierson, son of Samuel (3), of Samuel (2) of Samuel (i), son of Thomas Pierson, one of the original ]?ranford settlers of Newark, and brother of Rev. Abraham Pierson. The children of Caleb Baldwin by his first wife were : I. Marv, born July 28, 1826. married Caleb Ncagles. 2. HrRAM PlERSOX, born July 20, 1828. General passenger agent of the Central Railroad of New Jersey; Married Caroline E. Schnyder, daughter of Aaron Schnyder, of Easton, Pa. Their children are: Mary Gertrude; Maggie S., married Henry M. Byllesby ; Emily Pierson, married Isaac Post; Caroline Napier, married Warrington G. Lawrence. 3. OsCAR L., born March 29, 1S32, married Isabel, daughter of Charles R. Akers. Issue: Charles R., I.sabel, Joseph Halsey, Edith Merchant. 4. WiLLlAM H., born December 25, 1834; resides in Newark. Married Cornelia Price, of Newark, and has four children, viz.: Elizabeth, married Frederick F. Guild; Oscar H.; Bertha, married F. Walter Lawrence; Raymond S. Caleb Baldwin married, second, Abby D., daughter of Lewis Munn, and had issue, Sarah C, married James Clark; Theodore Frelinghuyscn, married Adele Laeis, daughter of Feli.x Laeis, of St. Louis, Mo. THIRD OENKRATION, Line of Joseph, son of Jonathan, son of Joseph Baldwin. Joseph B.\LD\VIN, son of Jonathan, was born November, 29, 16S5. He married Miss Bruen and had, among other children, a son, Amos. Amos B.\LD\V1N, known as "Deacon Amos," son of Joseph and ( Bruen) Baldwin, was born about 1720. He was a devout, earnest Christian and a man of considerable note in his day. He was one of the earliest deacons of the First Church and was one of the six elders wlio welcomed Rev. Jedediah Chapman to the pastorate, in 1766. He married Mary, daughter of Rev. Daniel Taylor, the first pastor of the Mountain Society, in 1721, and had a son, Lewis. Lewis Baldwin, son of Amos and Mary (Ta\lon Baldwin, was born in Orange, October 22, 1744. lir married Martha, ilaughter of Samuel Williams and had a son, Henry. Henry Baldwin, son of Lewis and i\lartha (Williams) Baldwin, was born in Orange, May 24, 1773. He married Sarah, daughter of Caleb Baldwin, and had a son, Cyrus. Cyrus Baldwin, son of Henry and Sarah Baldwin, was born in th.it i)art of East Orange known as Brick Church, in 1808. He had only the advantages of the little neighborhood district school and yet he accomplished more than many collegiate graduates of the present age. He grew up on the farm and employed his leisure hours during the winter months, as did most of his neighbors, in the manufacture of shoes. He took up surveying without any previous instruction and for many years before his death was the only surveyor in this locality outside of Newark. He was consciencious and painstaking, and his work could always be relied upon. He was employed by Mr. Haskell to make all the surveys for Llewellyn Park and during his lifetime he laid out hundreds of acres into city lots. He made the original survey of Rosedale Cemetery, Orange. His work extended for miles beyond the Oranges. He was for many years justice of the peace and the only recognized legal counsellor in this neighborhood. He drew up most of the wills, deeds and other legal documents, not one of which has ever been contested on the ground of legal imperfections. He was a man of great natural abilitj- ;uid sound common sense. He was often called upon to arbitrate disputes between neighbors and seldnm failed to .irr.uigc matters to the satisf.iction of both parties. He enjoyed the confidence and respect of the i)eople during his whole life, and not a single act of his ever brought dishonor or reproach on the name. By his wise and equitable decisions in the settlement The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 47 of disputes, he ilmibtless saved thousands of dollars in litigation that might have ensued had the parties employed the usual methods. While not specially active in Christian work, he lived very near to the standard of the golden rule and set a worthy example for Christians to follow. While a man of decided convictions, he never gave offence by intruding his views on others, and ventured an opinion only when called upon to do so. He was a devoted husband, a kind neighbor and a stead- fast friend. He died August 30, 1854. He married Klizabeth Cooper, third child of Giles and Sally (Wicks') Mandeville. She was born July 8, 1810. Their children were: Henry Wicks, born 1831, died July 31, 1868; Giles ' '/ Mandcville, born 1833, died August 3, 1888; Albert and Abrain Mande\ille, twins, were born Julys. "835. AlljERT Baldwin, third child of Cyrus and Elizabeth (Mandeville) Baldwin, was born at the homestead, in East Orange, July 5, 1835. He had none of the advantages of the higher '' education enjoyed by those of the present gener- ation. He mastered the rudimentary branches, howerer, in the little village school, and fitted himself for the honorable position which he has filled for so many years. He entered the Orange Bank as a boy when Stephen D. Day was its president and W. A. Vermilyea its cashier. H, en ■ ^ \ 1 J r il CYRUS BALDWIN. e acquired a sufficient knowledge of the business in three or four years to enable him to obtain a position in the City Bank, of Newark, in 1856, as receiving and paying teller. The only other employees at that time were a book-keeper, clerk and "runner." The capital stock of the bank was $300,000, and the deposits amounted to §300,000 annu- ally. Even with this amount of business it was a very responsible position for a young man to fill. He inherited from his father, however, those strong traits and sterling tjualities that would enable a man to succeed in any undertaking, and he proved himself fully equal to the duties he assumed and for forty years he has conducted its affairs with rare fidelity and devotion that has won for him the warmest affection and confidence of his associates. In 1858 he became its cashier, and now holds the dual position of cashier and vice-president. During his administration, the deposits have increased from three hundred thousand annually to nearly two million, the capital stock increased to half a million and the working force to three times the original number. There are probably few. if any, bank employees in the city of Newark who can show so extended a record of faithful service. The staying and sterling qualities of the Baldwin family, however, are proverbial. The foundation of Mr. Baldwin's success was laid in his native town, but he has not resided there since early manhood. His winters have been spent in Newark and his summers at Convent Station, on the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroad. He has had no time to attend to affairs outside of the bank, its duties requiring his undivided attention. He has been for many years a vestryman of Grace Episcopal Church, Newark. Mr. Baldwin married, in May, 1861, Jennet P., daughter of Charles Hooker, M. D., of New Haven, Conn., a descendant of Rev. Thomas Hooker, who came to New England in 1633, settled in Hartford in 1636 and founded the first church in Connecticut. Mr. Baldwin's wife died in 1883, leaving children, Charles Hooker, Albert Henry, and Jennet Eliza. AbRAM Mandeville Baldwin, son of Cyrus and Elizabeth (Mandeville) Baldwin, and twin 48 Tnii Founders and Builders of the Oranges. brotliLT of Albert Baldwin, of Newark, was born at the homestead, on Prospect Street, near Main Street, East Orange, July 5, 1835. After leaving school, he began his business career as clerk in the shoe manufactory of Joseph A. Condit. In 1859 he established a retail boot and shoe store and was the pioneer in the retail trade, the business liaving previously been done by country stores which dealt in every class of goods. He soon establisiied a reputation for first-class goods and honest dealings, and was enabled to carry a larger stock and greater variet)- than his "general store" competitors. He erected a large frame building at 345 Main Street, Orange, which was destroyed by fire in 1S73. This was replaced by a fine brick building where he has since carried on a successful and constantly increasing trade. During his business career of over thirty-five years, he has passed through the various money crises and has been able to meet promptl\- all his obligations, and notwithstanding the fact that competit- ors have entered the field from time to time, he has kept well in advance and held his patrons. Like his brother, he has devoted his time to his business and mingled but little in public affairs He has been a regular attendant at the lirick Church for man\- years and has led an exemplar}-, upright life, honored and respected by his neighbors. THE CANFIELD FAHILY. Mai rilEW Canfield, the American ancestor of this family, was one of the original settlers of the New Haven Colony. His name is in the royal charter as petitioner and grantee in 1639. He swore allegiance in 1644. He married Sarah, daughter of Richard Treat, of Wethersfield, Conn., before 1643. Their children were Samuel, Sarah, Ehcnczer, Matthew, Hannah, Rachael, Jonathan, Mary. He was a representative at the General Court in 1654, until the union of the Connecticut and New Haven colonies. He came with the colonists to Newark in 1666, and both Matthew and his son Ebenezer signed the two Fundamental Agreements. He was one of the committee chosen consisting of "Seven Men that should have full Power to hear, e.Kamine and judge of every Man's Estate and Persons, as their Rule, &c." He was also one of the commissioners chosen to "agree upon and fully issue the Divident Line and Bounds between Elizabeth Town and Newark." He died in Newark in 1673. His son Matthew had a .son John, who purchased of C. Ball, 50 acres near the mountain, in 1705. SKCOND GENERATION. EliENEZER Canfield, eldest child of Matthew and Sarah (Treat) Canfield. was born in 1649, and died in 1694. He married Bethia and had a son Joseph. THIRD OENERA'riON. Joseph Canfield, son of Ebenezer and Bethia ( 1 Canfield, was born in Newark in 1681, and died 14th December, 1733, aged 52 years. He was known as " Deacon Joseph." He married Rachael Daglish and had children. Benjamin. .\h\<:\, Ebenezer , Betliya, Rachael. FOURTH GENERATION. EliENEZER Canfield. third son of Deacon Joseph and Rachael (Daglish^i Canfield, was born in Newark in 1712, and died June 10, 1775, aged ~i: buried in the old churchyard, at Orange. He married Deborah , died December g, 1791, aged 75 ; buried at Orange. Their children were Joseph, Sarah. Ebenezer, Deborah. Tradition says that red and clover timothy for hay and ])asturage were introduced about the beginning of the present century by Ebenezer Canfield, who had the best farm at the mountain. It lay at the north side of Main Street, beginning a little cast of the old road to Watsessing (^Bloomfield), now Prospect Street, and w^as ne.\t on the east to Moses Jone.s' land, where the Calvary ^L E. Church now stands, in East Orange. The site of his large stone house was on Main Street, opposite the present Dutch Reformed Church. He was a member in communion with the Mountain Society prior to 1756. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 49 KIKTH GENERATION. Ebenezer Canfield (2), son of Ebenezer and Deborah ( ) Canfield, was born at the homestead of liis fatlicr, on Main Street, in 1761 and died 8th September, 1831, in his seventieth year. He served in the war of the Revolution as private in Capt. Josiali Pierson"s company, Second Regiment, Essex State troops. He married Rhochi 15,iKl\\ in and had chilihen, Ehzabeth, Maria, Harriet, Fanny, Isaac, ]^cn]am'iu. \ri\, J/oscs B' market at higher prices than those of his competitors. T -% ^v^v:^- MOSES n.M.nwi.N canfif.ld. 50 The Founders and Builders or the Oranges. In his private life Mr. Canficld was the soul of honor and integrity. He had a smile and a word of encouragement for everyone. The children loved him and when he met them on the street he had a kind word for all. Through his great generosity and his desire to help those who were in trouble, he often met with severe financial losses, but he never grieved over these ; the satisfaction of having done a kind act and of having contributed to the happiness of his fellow-men amply repaid him for all his losses. He was a deacon in the First Presbyterian Church in 185 i, and afterwards an elder, serving under the Rev. James Hoyt as one of his warmest supporters and most faithful office-bearers of the church. Mr. Canfield married Mary Ann Baldwin, daughter of Col. Isaac Baldwin. His children were Wtlliavi Henry, Hiram Quimby, Ira, Mary Lucetta, Charles Baldwin, Jane Eliza, Wiley, Jessup. SEVENTH QENERATION. William Henry Canfield, eldest child of Moses B. and Mary Ann (Baldwin) Canfield, was born in Orange, April 12, 1829. After a due course of preparation he entered Princeton College and was graduated with high honors. He also took a theological course at Princeton Seminary, intending to enter the ministry. He was a young man of great promise and bid fair to make his mark in the world. He was an eloquent speaker, a warm-hearted, sympathetic. Christian gentleman, and had already made for himself hosts of friends, when he was suddenly cut off at the very threshold of his promised useful career. He attended the funeral of a classmate, where he took a severe cold which settled on his lungs resulting in his death January 22d, 1856. About one hundred feet from the entrance to Rosedale Cemetery, in Orange, is a plain marble obelisk erected by his father, which contains the following inscription : "III memory of William Henry Canfield, A. M., a {graduate of the College of New Jersey. In the bloom of early manhood, rich in the love and esteem of an ever-widening circle of acciuaintanccs and friends, his mind invigorated and embellished by study and various learning; prosecuting the two-fold labors of a tutor in his alma mater and of a student in divinity, the past fragrant with pleasing memories of duties done, the future bright with hopes of serving God'in proclaiming the gospel of His Son, he ceased to be mortal. Entering into rest on the morning of January 23, 1855, at the age of 25 years, 9 months and 1 1 days." Ira Canfield, Jr., third son of Moses Baldwin and Mary Ann (Baldwin) Canfield, was born at the homestead of his father, in Orange, where he spent his boyhood daj's. lie was sent early in life to the best private schools in Orange, among which were those of Rev. S. S. Stocking and Mr. Alonzo Brackett. He was prepared for college, but owing to failing health was unable to continue his studies. He finally decided upon a business career and entered his father's employ, and subsequently acquired an interest in the business. He inherited many of the traits of character which contributed so largely to his father's success. Genial, courteous, obliging, full of push and energy, he was almost without a rival as a salesman. He traveled west and south and always kept ahead of his competitors, and not unfrequcntly made sales beyond the capacity of his firm to supply. He bought out his father and carried on the manufactory at Newark for some years, where he did a most successful business. The old employees, who had been with his father for so many years, remained with him and were treated with the utmost kindness and consideration. They were influenced, howexcr, by the labor disturbances, and while he sought by every means in his power to conciliate them by conceding every reasonable demand, they tried his patience beyond endurance until he finally closed out his stock and gave up the business about 1872. Later, he started in the grain business in New York City, under the firm name of Canfield, McCoun & Co. He was a member of the Produce E.Kchange and for a time did a successful business, continuing for a number of years when, owing to continued reduced rates of commission, he withdrew. He soon after organized a company of which he was president and treasurer, and began the publication of an illustrated paper known as ^^ La Exposicion Norte Americana." He secured the best literary talent that could be found and spared no expense in procuring the finest illustrations of subjects of great interest to its South American patrons. Portraits and biographical sketches of our military leaders, statesmen and other prominent men ; views of historic interest, of our magnificent buildings, American scenery, arts, industries, manufactories were selected with the greatest care and Thk Founders and I^iii.dkrs ok tiif. Oranges. . 51 executed in the most artistic manner, thus imparting to the Soutli American people a knowledge of our Republic, its greatness and importance that would require years of residence here to obtain. Advertisements of leading manufacturers, business houses, with suitable illustrations were inserted, the great object being to pave the \va_\' fur an increase of trade with our sister republics of South America. It was a great undertaking and gave promise of ultimate success. It was well conceived and ably executed. It was followed up by Mr. Canficld with a personal visit by him and his partner to the leading cities of South .America and resulled in establishing a more friendly intercourse between these republics and the United States and an immense increase in trade. Agencies were opened in the [Mincipal cities of Chili, the Argentine Re[)ublic and Hrazil, for our American manufacturers, and direct business intercourse established between these people and our own manufacturers. Mr. Canfield left his partner there to manage the affairs at that end, while he returned to his New York quarters, wliere he could be placed in constant communication with such parties as desired to extend their trade in this direction. His partner, in the meantime, was engaged in building up and extending their trade in South America, resulting as it tlid in establishing a successful business. In all this affair, which has resulted in great public as well as private benefit, Mr. Canfield has been the leading spirit. Notwith- standing the severe drawbacks occasioned by the frecpient revolutions in the South American States, he has managed the affairs with discretion and safety. It is a noteworthy fact that the Canfields, through every generation, have preserved unsullied the reputation fpr honesty, integrity and uprightness which characterized their worthy ancestor. The .uibject of this sketch, the latest representative of the old Orange family, is no exception, and the success achieved by him in life is due to his strict observance of the great moral principles so firmly engrafted on each and every generation of his family. Mr. Canfield married Fannie T. Backus, a niece and adopted daughter of Judge Franklin T. Backus, of Cleveland, O., a direct descendant of Lieut. William Backus, one of the original proprietors of Saybrook, Conn., under the grant made to Lords Say and Seal and Lord Brook. THE CONDIT FAHILY. John Cunditt is known to be the ancestor of nearly all bearing the name of Condit or Condict in the United States. Of his ancestry nothing definite is known. Tradition says he came from England or Wales. In the "Life of Sir Isaac Newton," by David Brewster, it is stated that John Conduit, Knight, married in England, a widow, Catharine Barton, who was a niece of Sir Isaac Newton, with whom they resided during the life of Sir Isaac and inherited his estate. Burke's "General Armory," referring to the Conduitt family, gives: "Anns. — Gules on a fesse wavy argent between three pitchers, double eared or, as many bees volant ppr. Crest. — Two caduccan rods with wings, lying fesseways or, thereon a peacock's head erased ppr." The earliest reference made to John Cunditt, the American ancestor, is in 1678. lie married, first, in Great Britain, where his wife tlied. As his name indicates, he was of Norman descent. He came to America in 1678 with his son Peter, and settled at Newark, N. J., where he married, second, Deborah , by whom he had a son John, who died a minor. He was the purchaser of lands "in the bounds of the town of Newark." in 1689 and 1691. The first deed describes the boundaries as " on the east by the river, on the south by said Condit, and on the west by a highway." This description indicates a previous deed. The second deed is from Richard Lawrence, March 24, 1691, and conveys to John Condit, weaver, nineteen acres of upland for a lawful sum of money. This lot is described as on the plain comnionl}- called the " Mill Brook Plain." John Cunditt died in 1713, leaving one son, Petir. SECOND GENERATION. Peter Condit, son of John Cunduitt, was born in England and came to America with his father. He married in 1695, Mary, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Ward) Harri.son (son of Sergeant Richard Harrison I. He had issue, Samuel, Peter, John, Nathaniel, Mary, Philip, Isaac. Three of the sons, John, Nathaniel and Isaac, settled at the foot of the Orange Mountain on the east. 52 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. THIRD GENERATION. Samuel Condit, eldest son of Peter and Mary (Harrison) Comlit, was bom in the town of Newark, December 6, 1696. He married, first, in 1722. Mary Dodd, born November 8, 1698, and who died May 25, 1755. He died July 18, 1777. About the year 1720, lie purchased from tlic Lulians land Iviny between the Orange Mountains in what was afterwards called Pleasant Valley. According to tradition, this land was purchased of the Indians ; its first pri\atc ownership, as the records show, was vested in Samuel Condit, and its extent was such that during his lifetime he gave to each of his five sons fifty acres, and on each lot thus donated he erected a house and also gave to each son a family bible. He reserved to himself about seventy acres of huul. Three of the farms have e\'er since remained in the family line of descent. Like his grandfather John, his first care was that each son should possess a copy of the holy scriptures, an act which, combined with the meagre items of his histor\- which are still preserved, indicate the sturdy Christian citizen. His selection of a farm was a fortunate one. Taking the Livingston Road west from Orange by way of Eagle Rock, and by a long ascent reaching the top of the mountain, the valley beyond stretches out in a panorama of neat and productive farms with comfortable and tastefully built farm houses. Here was Samuel's home, where " In sober state, Tliroii^h the sequestered vale of mortal life, The venerable patriarch ginleless held The tenor of liis way." From here, iluring the man\- years of his manhood, was he wont to take his way o\er the mountain to the Orange church as often as the time arrived for divine service, and from here was borne his sacred dust to the Orange burying-ground, where a simple slab bears the inscription: "Samuel Conduit, Sr.. died July 18, 1777." He had survived his first wife more than twenty years. He outlived his second wife, Mary Nutinan (widow of Amos Williams), born 1700, whom he married in 1756, ami who died February 18, 1777. Their graves are near their husband's, while in close pro.xiniity is that of his third son Samuel, whose monument bears the name, "Samuel Conduit, Jr." Here, also, repose the names of many useful members of the Condit family. The children of Samuel Condit (i) were: Daiiiil, Jotham. Saiiiufl {2), Martha, David, Jonathan. KOURTH GENERATION. Line of IDaniel, eldest son of Samtiel (1). Daniel CuNUir, eldest son of Samuel and Mar)- (Dodd) Condit, was born December 22, 1723, at the homestead, situated on the highway between Orange and Swinefield Roads (now Eagle Rock Avenue), on the corner where Valley Road crosses the highway. He occupied the farm given hiin by his father. He was an earnest patriot and served throughout the War of the Revolution. He was a member of Capt. Williams' company, Second Regiment, Essex, also State troops, also Continental Ami)'. His brother David was Major of the same regiment and for gallantry was made Lieut. Colonel. Daniel was an exemplary Christian and a deacon in the Presbyterian church. He married Ruth, daughter of Samuel Harrison, son of Samuel, son of Sergeant Richard, son of Richard Harrison, the ancestor of the Harrison famil)'. who died at Branford, Conn., October 25, 1653. The issue of this marriage was Adonija, Eunice, Martha, Joel, Amos. SdiiiiuL Ira, Jemima. KIKTH GENERATION. Samuel Condit, seventh chikl of Daniel and Ruth (Harrison 1 Condit, was born at the homestead of his father, August 16, 1761. I le was but fifteen years of age at the breaking out of the War of the Revolution, yet he served as private in the Essex County militia. After his marriage he remo\ed to the east side of Orange Mountain and resided at what was known as Tory Corners. He was a devout Christian, a kind parent and a sincere friend. He was a member of the State legislature early in the century. He •*!►• IRA H. CONDIT. TiiK FrniNDiks and JUii.dkrs ok thf. Oranges. 53 married Hannali, daughter of Ichabod Harrison, son of Nathaniel, son of Joseph, son of Richard Harrison, the ancestor. His cliildren were: Jemima, died soon; Jemima, again; Eunice, Harriet, Samuel, Mary, Abby, Clara, Ira Harrison, Ichabod. Samuel, the father, died August 31, 1S22. SI>:'rH GiiNKRATION. lUA Harrison CONDIT, tenth child of Samuel and Hannah (Harrison) Condit, was born on the corner of Park and Washington Streets, Orange, in what has long been known as the Samuel Condit homestead, May 16, 180S. His sisters were born in the old homestead, the stone house on the mountain side. His only education was that afforded by the little village school, yet he made the most of his limited opportunities anil what he lacked in book knowledge he made up in good judgement and hard common sense. He was a live business man in his day and speculated extensively in real estate and was, in his early days, a well known contractor in Essex County. He always took an active part in politics, which was characteristic of the famil\-, and was one of the leading men of Essex County. He was an old line whig until the organization of the Republican party, which he united witli and heartily endorsed its principles. He never desired office, but served in the Board of Chosen Freeholders from 1 87 1 to 1S74. At one time he owned a large part of what is now Llewellyn Park, and used it for farming purposes, which occupation he carried on in addition to his general business. In 1855 '^^ sold one hundred acres to Llewellyn S. Haskell, and moved to Roseland in 1858. He has watched the transformation of his old farm into the beautiful retreat which it is to-day, with pride, and gave to the immortal Haskell many valuable suggestions. Mr. Condit is still a large landholder, his property in West Orange, in Livingston Township and in Morris County amounting to nearly si.x hundred acres. Among other tracts, he owns the original farm of Aaron Kitchcll, his wife's grandfather. Mr. Condit has nearly reached his four score and ten years, and is still hale anil hearty and in full possession of all his mental faculties and able to attend personally to all his business affairs. Mr. Condit marrieil Phebe F"arrand Mulford, daughter of Timothy, who was the son of Timoth\- Mulford; the former married Susan Kitchcll, daughter of Aaron Kitchell, who was one of the patriot leaders of New Jersey. In the opening scenes of the Revolution he was foremost in the great debate, a zealous and sagacious champion of freedom. At the close of the war he was for some years in the State legislature. In 1799 he was elected representative in Congress and held that position by successive re-elections till 1807. He was then chosen U. S. senator and served four years in that capacity. The issue of Mr. Condit's marriage with Phebe Mulford was: Samuel, born July 9, 1832; Clara, born January 27, 1834; Hannah, born October 9, 1939 ; E/ias Mulford, born May 22, 1841 ; Susan, born July 2, 1843; Sarah, born December 18, 1848; Mary and Harriet, twins, born October 9, 1850; Ira, born February 5, 1855, died March 24, 1859. SEVENTH GENERATION. EliaS Mulford Conuit, fourth child of Ira Harrison and Phebe Farrand (Mulford) Condit, was born at the homestead of his father, on Eagle Rock Avenue, in what is now West Orange, May 21, 1 841. His education was received at public and private .schools. With these limited advantages he has achieved success far beyond that of many who have received a collegiate education. Like most of his ancestors he was endowed with great powers of observation. Gifted with a retentive memory and other mental qualifications, he acquired a fund of informatii>n that made up in a great measure the lack of a more thorough education. His strong, rugged constitution is due to his early life on the farm. His occupation as a survej-or which he subsequently chose, was better suited to his tastes and inclina- tions. He became city surveyor and this afYorded him the opportunity for acquiring a knowledge of realt\- values that laid the foundation of his subsequent success. He increased tlie circle of his acquaintance and made many warm friends, not only in his native town but throughout the county. He was never known to sacrifice his friends to further his own interests. In politics he is a republican, and has been a zealous worker for his part\-. It was at the solicitation of his friends that he became 54 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. a member of the Board of Chosen Freeholders and for years its director, a ])osition wliich is recog- nized as the most lionorable of any local office in the county. This proved of great political advantage to him and was the stepping-stone to higher honors. In 18S5 he was nominated for the legislature b\- the republicans of his district and elected by a handsome majority, and re-elected in 1886. lie served on several important committees during both sessions of the legislature and \\ ithout any violation of his own convictions he fully represented the interests of his constituents and received their heart}' congratu- lations for the effective service he rendered his part)-. Still higher honors awaited him, and three years later his friends determineil to place him in nomination for Congress. At the county convention, held September 20, 1890, he became the unanimous choice of that body. The campaign was an e.xciting one and the tariff issue, under the McKinley bill, was pushed vigorously by its advocates, and the working people were told that their salvation depended on the defeat of the republican part)-. The democratic candidate, Thomas Dunn English, was the strongest man of his party in Essex County. He made a strong canvass and, while Mr. Condit ran considerably ahead of the ticket, he was defeated by a small majority; his total vote was 21,468 and that of his opponent, 23,278. Even the defeat was an honor to Mr. Condit. for it showed the strong following he had, not only from his own party but hosts of his personal friends in the democratic party testified their appreciation of his merits by giving him their hearty support. In 1892, Mr. Condit was chosen by his party as one of the delegates to represent his district at the National Convention, held at Minneapolis. Mr. Condit has been for many years extensively engaged in real estate operations, ami while he is an honored descendant of one of the chief Founders he is worthy to be classed among the leading Builders. He has done much to improve and beautify his native town, in which he has ahva)-s taken a laudable pride. He is a worthy representative of the Masonic Fraternity, ami actjuircd his first knowletlgc of its mysterious rites in Union Lodge, F. & A. M., of Orange. He is also a member of Orange Chapter, U. A. M. He is a member of various other societies in the city and county to all of which he is a most liberal contributor. Mr. Condit married, in 1S70, Sarah Louise Beach, daughter of Charles Beach, a descendant of Zopher Beach, son of Thomas, who took the oath of fidelity at New Haven, 1654. Zopher was in Newark, 1685, called the "well beloved brother" by Samuel and Sarah Lyon, 1687. The children of Elias M. and Sarah Louise (Beach) Condit are : Charles Beach, Phebe A., Clara L., Wilherforce, Albert Kitchell, Hattie May and Elias Mulford. Jr. FOURTH GENERA.TION. Line of Samuel (2)- son of Samuel (1). Samuel Condit, Jr., third son of Samuel and Mary (Dod) Condit, was born in what is now the township of West Orange, January 13, 1729. He married, in 1754, Mary Smith, tlaughter of Joseph Smith (son of James Smith, the ancestor of the Smith famil\- of Orange). She died May 26, 1770, aged 37 )-ears. He was a farmer on the land inherited from his father and is known to have been a very exemplary man, truly pious and Goil-fcaring. His subscription for the erection of the Second Meeting House was ^12. Out of 175 subscribers, oid)- two others subscribed an equal amount. Ik- was among those who were " regularly chosen to manage the affair of the building." His name appears in the list of "Members in Communion of the ^Mountain Societ)- prior to 1756." He married, second, in 1774, Martha Carter, widow of Stephen Wilcox, of Elizabethtown, N.J. B\- his first wife he had issue, John, Daniel, Moses, Joseph. Aaron, Caleb. By his second wife, Martha Carter, he had Jotliam and Samuel, born 1777. KIKTH OENERATION. Dr. John Condit, eldest child of Samuel (2) and Mary 1 Smith) Condit, was born at the homestead, in West Orange, July 8, 1755. He was educated as a physician and surgeon and had only just reached his majority when he entered the army, at the beginning of the War of the Revolution, as surgeon in Thk Founders and Buildkus nv tiif, Oranoes. 55 Col. Vail Cortlaml's battalion, Heard's Hrigadc, June 29, 1776. He was present at the battle of Long Island, and soon after this returned to his home in Orange where he began practice and was for many years a successful physician in this locality. He was of great .service to the patriots during the war and in his journeys over the mountains his life was often in jeopardy. After the close of the war he became interested in public alTairs and was a recogni/.ed leader in the community. He was one of the founders and was also a trustee of the Orange Academy. He represented his district in the State legislature and was a member of Congress from this State from 1799 to 1803, U. S. senator from 1803 to 1817, and was elected to Congress again in 1819-20. His long term of public service — nearly thirty years — interfered with the practice of his profession and in his old age he accepted the position of assistant collector of the port of New York. He was often called "Colonel" from the fact of his having served as Colonel of State Militia during the present centur\-. His home which he built — a large, fine old mansion on Vallc}- Road — is still standing. He died in Orange, May 4, 1834. He married. first, Abigail Halsey, by whom he had Caleb, Silas, Charlotte and Joseph. He married, second. Khoda Halsey, and had issue, John S., Abigail and Jacob A. JOTIIAM CoNDlT, seventh son of Samuel (2), and fifth in descent from John Condit, the ancestor, was born at the family home on the I'irst Mountain (now West Orange), March 27, 1775. He was left an orphan at the age of eighteen months and was placed under the care of his brother Joseph, to whom he was later apprenticed at the trade of shoemaking, and continued in this business through life. His education was limited to the little neighborhood district school. When he arrived at the age of twenty- three he married Hephzibah, daughter of Benjamin Munn, of Orange. He owned, at this time, property on Main Street, in Orange, bounded on the west by Centre Street and on the east by Col. Abraham Winans", afterward the home of Albert Pierson. In 1802 he moved to Prospect Street and thence, in 1809, to Main street, below South Clinton, where he carried on his business of .shoemaking until 1835. As was the custom in those days, he made occa- sional trips to Philadelphia on foot with his s.imples to solicit orders for goods. Mr. Condit served his full time in the New Jersey militia and in 1S09 was commissioned Ensign by Governor Bloomfield, and in June, 181 1, was promoted to Lieutenant in the Fifth Regiment, Essex ! Brigade, and in this capacit}- did service in the War of 18 !2. In politics Mr. Condit was an ardent whig, but on the disintegration of that party he joined the republicans and so continued during the remainder of his life. He was for several j-ears a director in the Orange Bank. He was a public spirited citizen, giving encouragement to every worthy enterprise. He was for many years connected with First Church of Orange and a devout attendant at Sab- bath and other religious meetings. He was one of the promoters and assisted in organizing the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church, of East Orange, in 1829-30. The last fifteen years of his life were spent at the home of his son, Jotham H., where he died August 25, 1S62, aged 87 years and five months. His children were: Aaron Munn, Charlotte, Martha, Melinda, Mary, Jemima, Eliza- beth and Jotham Halsey. JOTHAM CONDIT. 56 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. SIXTH GENERAXIOX. JOTHAM Halsey Condit, youngest son of Jotham and Hcphzibah (Munni Condit, was born at the homestead of liis father, on Main Street, in what is now East Orange, January 19, 1822. His educational advantages were confined to the public schools of that day. He served an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade and in 1847 started in the business for himself. His work as a builder was carried on with varied success for more than a quarter of a century, retiring in 1873 when he was elected township collector which position he held for three years— to 1875. On retiring from the collectorship he was elected a member of the Town Committee which ofifice he held for three years, retiring on his own volition. In his earlier days he consented to be a candidate for the office of Chosen Freeholder for the county and was elected. This position was voluntarily relinquished at the end of one year although his record was a creditable one, being a member of the finance committee. Mr Condit is ardently devoted to the cause of religion and to the elevation and improvement of his fellowmen. He was an elder in the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church for twelve years. On the formation of the First Reformed Church in 1875 ''^ was elected one of its elders. In 1885 Mr. Condit compiled and published, with the assistance of his nephew, Eben Condit, a genealogical record of the Condit family, a valuable contribution to the history of one of the most faithful and earnest settlers and founders of that part of the town of Newark embraced in the territory of the Oranges. This work also contains a partial genealogy of the Harrison, Williams, Pierson, Smith, Lindsley, Munn and Whitehead families. He has also collected genealogical and historical data relating to other old families connected with the Oranges. Mr. Condit married, in 1847, Abby Ann, daugh- ter of Cheveral Condit, a descendant of John Condit, the ancestor. The issue of this marriage is six children — two deceased. Edward I., the eldest, succeeded his father in business; Herbert J., the second son, carries on an extensive grocery business in East Orange; Frank P. is engaged in the gents' furnishing business, in East Orange; Anna D., married Francis W. Lawson. Edward Irving Condit. eldest son of Jotham and Abby Ann Condit, was born in East Orange, X. J., September 14, 1848. While his educational advantages were not of the highest, the\- were supe- rior to those of any of his family who preceded him. 1 le attended public school and had one year's tuition at Miss Robinson's private school, of Orange. W'ith this as a foundation, he entered his father's employ antl became, in time, one of the best and most jnominent builders in East Orange, succeeding to his father's business in 1873. The total valuation of the houses he has built will probably exceed a million dollars. Among these are some of the finest antl most expensive residences in East Orange and include among the public buildings the Columbian school- house, the best equipped of any public school- house in the Oranges, and the Arlington Presbyterian Church, erected in 1893. Mr. Condit was one of the pioneers in the fire department of East Orange. He was a charter member of Ashland Hook and Ladder Company, of which he was afterwards foreman. He also assisted in organizing the Firemen's Relief Association and has been for twelve vears its JOTHAM HALSEY CONDIT. The Founders and Riilders of the Oranges. 57 secretary ami was the first president of the Exempt Firemen's Association. He has been a worker in the temperance movement, is Past Worthy Chief Templar of the Washington Temple, of Orange, and filled tiie several offices in the Order of the Good Templars. He was also connected with the I. O. O. F., and is Past Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. He united with the Brick Church in 1S72, from which he withdrew later with a number of others to organize the Reformed Church, of East Orange. He was elected one of its first deacons and has held the position continuously up to the present time. He has been for many years a teacher in the Sabbath School and one of its most faithful workers. He married Miss Charlotte Robinson, daughter of _ John Robinson, of East Orange, and had issue seven children, the first two deceased in infancy. Of those living are Edward H., Henry L., Richard S., Jessie R. and Jotham Robinson. Herbert Johnson Condit, second son of Jotham and Abby Ann Condit, was born at the homestead, in East Orange, August 12, 1852. He attended the Ashland public school until he was thirteen years of age and then obtained a position in the wholesale dry goods and jobbing house of Butler, Broome & Clapp, New York City. He remained \\ itii this firm five years and was with Cochrane, McClane & Co., in the same line of business, for about the same period of time. In 1877 he returned to his native town and opened a gents' furnishing store under the firm name of Condit & Ir\ing. Two years later he disposed of his interest and opened a grocery on Main Street. He built up a successful trade and si.x years later he moved to the large and commodious brick building (then recently built) at 529 Main Street, opposite Brick Church. His trade increased, necessitating increased accomodations, and in 1889 he purchased the whole building, reserving to himself the most desirable portion and renting the remainder to good advantage. He was a charter member of Hook and Ladder Company No. i, which he assisted in organizing. He is also a charter member and president of the E.xempt Firemen's Association ; is a member of Longfellow Council, Royal Arcanum; one of the founders and treasurer of the East Orange Conclave, Order of Heptasophs, and was formerly an active member of Washington Temple of Honor, of Orange. He became, early in life, a member of the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church and was among the original members who withdrew from that church to organize the First Reformed Church, of East Orange, of which he is a deacon. He has been identified with the Sunday School since early childhood and is at present assistant superintendent of the Sunday School conected with the First Reformed Church. He married, in 187S, Phebe E. Condit, daughter of Daniel H., a descendant, through another line, of Samuel Condit, the ancestor of the Orange family of this name. His children are Mary Squier, Abbie Harrison, Herbert Johnson, Jr., and Hattie Osmun EDWARD IRVING CONDIT. THE DAY FAHILY. Georce DA^■, the New Jersey ancestor of this family, was among the Milford signers of the " Fundamental Agreement." He had the fourth lot in the first assignment made to the Milford settlers His " Home Lott," as shown by an old Newark map, was bounded by the present Broad, Walnut and Mulberry Streets, and adjoining that of Nathaniel Wheeler. He married ALary, daughter of Edward Riggs and had children, Paul, George and Samuel. He died before 1685, and his widow married Anthony Oleff, whose homestead was at the mountain within the present limits of Llewellyn Park. In March, 1685, Paul, George and Samuel Day had surveyed to them sixty acres of land, bounded on the west by the mountain, on the south by Matthew Williams's land, on the east by Wigwam Brook and on the north by the common. In Januaiy, 1688-9, George Day exchanged lands with Matthew Williams, the latter parting with a dwelling-house, shop, orchard and other property and lands 58 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. near Newark, and receiving two tracts at the mountain, one bounded east by the Wigwam Brook and the other (swamp land) bounded by Parrow"s Brook. The first wife of George Day (2) is not known ; his second wife, Phebe, he married \n 171 1. He had among other children a son, Joseph. Joseph Day, son of George (2), was born, probably, in Newark. His will names children Joitat/iaii, Amos, Thomas, Paul and Stephen A. A deed dated 1744, executed by Joseph Day, conveys a tract of land in Newark to "my beloved son, Jonathan Day." Joseph Day contributed, in 1753. .^i.ios to the new church building of the Mountain Society. Jonathan Day, son of Joseph, was born in the town of Newark. He married a Mrs. Clark and had two sons, Isaac and David, and a daughter, Hannah. David Day, son of Jonathan and (Clark) Day, was born, probably, in what is now Orange. The home of David Day is described in a road laid out in 1733, as " Beginning at the house of David Day, thence running as the road now runs to a certain chestnut tree, near the house of Amos Williams, said tree standing on the northeast side of said highway." David Day married Elizabeth Lyon, and had five sons, viz.: Jonathan, Stephen D., David and two sons named Josiah. He had six daughters: Phebe, Hannah, Mary, Elizabeth and two named Comfort. Stephen D. Day, son of David and Elizabeth (Lyon) Day, was born at Camptown, now Irvington, July I, 1771. On March 30, 179S, he purchased a lot on the southwest corner of RLiin and Cone Streets, and built a two-story house, on the first floor of which he opened a country store. He subsequently formed a co partnership with John Morris Lindsley, whose sister he married some years later. The partnership was dissolved in 181 1, and Mr. Day built a new store on the site now occupied by the Orange Savings Bank, the easterly corner of Main and Cone Streets. Mr. Day bought out Mr. Lindsley in 181 1, and in 1813 he sold all his property on the south side of Main Street, taking in part payment the northeast corner of Main and Day Streets, on which he built a fine house which he occupied until his death, the lower part being occupied by him as a store. At tiic time of this purcha.se Day Street was not opened. This building was destroyed by fire on the night of March 3, 1866. Mr. Day was the first and the most successful merchant in Orange and prominent in public affairs throughout the county. He invested largely in real estate in different parts of Orange and sold at a very small advance over the cost in order to encourage settlement. He was a man of great liberality and when the third meeting-hou.se in Orange was built he subscribed $300 towards it. During the war of 1812-15 he raised and commanded a company of infantry which was mustered into the United States service. He was a leader in and a promoter of nearly every public enterprise in this locality. He assisted in the organization of the Orange Bank, in ^^^^^^ which he was a large stockholder, was its first president, continuing in office for ^Kj^^^^^^ twenty-four years. He was for manj- years one of the judges of the County ^^B-^-.-^^^^ Coiut of Common Pleas. He was twice elected to the State Senate. He was a ^^v /T^^^^B director and for a time temporary presi- dent of the Morris and Essex Railroad ^^K« ^J^^H Company. He was a man of decided convictions, and when his mind was once ^^^^T'^^^^V 'ii-'P nothing could swerve him from the course he had marked out for himself. ^^^^^^^^W ^^^ became early in life a strong advocate of temperance at a time when intoxicants ^^^^^^^^ were freely used as a beverage in almost every family. He gave up the sale of it, sTEPiinx n. day. which was a source of great profit and formed a part of the stock in trade of every country merchant. He never clung to any of the old time prejudices which were so common in his day, but was always ready to adopt any real improvement. He bought a piano for his daughter, said to be the first ever brought to Orange. It is claimed that he laid the first sidewalk in front of his own premises ever laid in Orange. It is also claimed that he brought the first load of anthracite coal to Orange, but as the stoves of the day were not constructed for its use it did not prove a success. Judge Day was twice married. His fiist wife, Sarah, was a daughter of Judge John Lindsley (see Lindsley family), whose old homestead was in South Orange. The issue of this marriage was six children, of whom three died in infancy. Of those who lived were Robert Patloii, born December 16, The Founders and Ruii.df.rs of the Oranges. 59 1799; Eliza, born October 8, 1805, married Rev. George Picrson ; Charles Rodney, born November 6, 1808, died August 19, 1870. Judge Day married, second, Mary, a sister of his first wife. Of the second marriage there was no issue. Robert Patton Day, eldest child of Stephen D. and Sarah (Lindsley) Day, was born at the homestead, in Orange, December 16, 1799. He died in 1844, before his father. He married Mary Williams, daughter of Moses Dodd [son of Moses, son of Joseph, son of Daniel (3), son of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (i)]. Their children were: Sarah Elizabeth, died young; Stephen D, died young; Mary. Gertrude; Phebe, the youngest, married James E. Reynolds. Their children are: Frank Day, Stella, Mary, Gertrude, Frederick C , Phebe E., Robert D. and Ethel E. Robert Patton Day married, secondly, Catharine, daughter of Jcptha lialdwin (sec Baldwin family), and had one son, Robert Lindsley, living at Somcrville, N. J. Charles Rodney Day, second son of Stephen D. and Sarah (Lindsley) Day, was born November 6, 180S. He married Lucy R. Alvord and had issue, Charles, died young; Lucy E., Stephen D. and William A. Stephen D., son of Charles Rodney and Lucy R. (Alvord; Day, married Elizabeth M. Martine, daughter of Theodore Martine, of New York. They have Elizabeth Martine, Stephen D, and Helen Alvord. William A., youngest child of Charles Rodney Day, married Rachael T. Barber, of Atlanta, Ga. They have one child, William A. Charles R. Day's wife was Lucy Robinson Alvord, daughter of Gains Alvord and Eunice Robinson a descendant of John Robinson, who came over with the Mayflower emigration. Their children were six in number: Lucy E., Charles Patton, Stephen Delavan and William Austin, twins, Frederick Norman and Frank AK'onl. Charles Patton died at the age of five years and the twins in infancy. THE DODD FAMILY. The Dod family is one of great antiquity and is variously spelt Dot, Dod and Dodd. In Burke's Heraldry it is stated that " Hova, son of Cadwgan Dot, who was the founder of the family about the time of Henry 11, having married the daughter and heir of the Lord of Edge, in Cheshire, obtained one-fourth of that manor and settled there." Ormond says: " Dot, the Saxon lord of sixteen manors, either exclusively or of a considerable proportion thereof, was joint Lord of Cholmondeley, Hampton, Groppenhall and two-thirds of Beckerton, with Edwin, a Saxon thane, who was allowed, after the Norman conquest, to retain possession of his lands at Edge, in Cheshire. The Dod pedigree, entered by Baron Dod, in the visitation of 1613, gives four descents after Cadwgan, and again commences with Hova Dod, after which it proceeds in a clear descent." Near one extremity of the Dod estate, in Edge, in a place called the Hall Hegs, are vestiges of a mansion which was most probably the earliest residence of the family. Daniel Dod, the ancestor of most of the families of this name in East New Jersey, was probably an early settler of Wethersfield, Conn. His name appears among the list of forty planters who, in 1644, purchased from the Indians the plantation of Totoket, which they named Branford. These settlers were mostly from Wethersfield, a few coming from the New Haven colony. Daniel Dod (i), died about 1666. By his wife, Mary, he had seven children, of whom Daniel (2) was the third child. SECOND OENERA-XION. Daniel Dod (21, third child of Daniel (i) and Mary ( ) Dod, was born in Branford, Conn., about 1650. He came with the original Branford settlers to Newark and his name appears in the Newark Records, 1667-8, in the " Sure List of Every Man's Estate, approved by the Sale Men with their deductions." His deduction was A' 100. He was "Granted an Acre and a Half of Land to build 6o The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. upon near Hauiis Albers Lott." He also had "given him tliat Acre and a Half i>f upland above Hauns Albers Lott." On May 13, 1672, "Daniel Dod is to have his Meadow Lay'd out by a i^ioo Estate." On March 30, 1677, he, together with Edward Ball, was " chosen to run the North Line with the Indians and meet with the others (who were to run the west line) on the Mountain." On January 24, 1686-7, he was one of the "Committee appointed to give instructions in the Town's Behalf." He was chosen a deputy to the Provincial Assembly, in 1692. In 1701 he signed, with a hundred or more citizens of Newark, an agreement to purchase, with the consent of the Lords Proprietors, the lands west of the bounds of Newark purchase. The " Bill in Chancery" mentions surveys for Daniel Dod in 1679, by a warrant from the Proprietors. He and his sons owned a large tract of land in Watscssing (now Bloomfield), and in that part of Orange bordering on Bloomfield. Daniel Dod married, probably. Phebe Brown, daughter of John Brown, and had issue, Daniel ii), Stephen and John (i). THIRD OENERAXION. Line of Daniel (3), eldest child of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (1). Daniel Dod (3), eklest child of Daniel (2) and Phebe (Brown) Dod. was born in Newark, about 1680 and died in 1767. As there were two other Daniels mentioned in the Newark Town Records during the life of Daniel (3), it is somewhat difficult to ascertain who was referred to except when the name of his wife was mentioned. He married Sarah, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Nash) Ailing. This Samuel Ailing was one of the founders of the New Haven Colony in 1639, and signed the original compact. The first mention of his name in the Newark Records is on February 28, 1700. He probably settled in Newark a little previous to that time. The children of Daniel (3) and Sarah (Ailing) Dod were: Eunice, born 1718; Sarah, born 1720; Thomas, born 1723; Daniel (4), born 1725; Isaac, born 1728; Joscpli, born September 12. 1731 ; Moses, born 1734; Amos, born 1737; Caleb, born 1740. FOURTH QENERA.TION. JOSETH Doi), son of Daniel (3) and Sarah (Ailing) Dod, was born September 12, 1731. He married Mary Lindsley, daughter of Ebenezer Lindsley (son of Francis Linley or Lindsley, one of the first settlers of Newark). She died February 14, 1763, aged 29. He married, secondly, Sarah Williams, daughter of Amos Williams, Esq. (born I-'ebruary 23. 1742, and died September 3, 1818). Joseph Dod lived and died in Orange. By his first wife he had Matthias, born April 29, 1753, Ebenezer, Rachel, Joseph and Mary, twins, and two other twins born 1763. Joseph Dod had by his second wife, Amos, Abigail, Daniel, Moses, Lydia, Abigail, Allen. KIKTH QENERA.TION. Matthias Dodd, eldest son of Joseph and Mary (Lindsley) Dodd, was born in thai part of Newark now known as Orange, April 29, 1753. He was a farmer and carpenter and during the War of the Revolution he served with the Esse.x County Militia. He took part in the battle of Si)ringfield, anil at the battle of Monmouth he cajjtured from the enemy a good musket leaving his old one in place of it. This subsequently fell into the hands of his grandson, Matthias, who presented it to the trustees of the Washington Headquarters, at Morristown. After the close of the war Matthias Dodtl worked at hi? trade as a carpenter. He cut timber in the mountains, framed and shipped it to New York, where it was used in the erection of buildings some of which are probably still standing. On July 2T), 1801, while on an excursion to Coney Island, Matthias was drowned in the attempt to save his daughter, Rachel. She, with her cousin, Stephen Munn, got out beyond their depth. Her father, who was an excellent swimmer, went to assist them, but both of the drowning ones caught hold of him at the same time and all perished together. Matthias married Sarah, daughter of Joseph Munn (born August 31, 1759, died May 31, 1848). He had issue, Jared, William, Rachel, Lewis, born September 8, 1784, Abby, Charlotte, Bethuel, Nancy, Mary. The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 6i SIXTH GENERATION. Lewis DOUD, son of Mattliias and Sarah (Munn) Dod, was bom in Orange, Sc|)tcmber 8, 17S4. lie carried on tlic shoeinaking business for several years. He also, at one time, took cargoes of fruit and cider to sell at the South. On one of these voyages he had to leave his cargo on account of the yellow fever, incurring a ruinous loss, but by his perseverance acquired a connpctcncy for his old age and made a good provision for his children, lie married, November 12, 1808, Elizabeth Baldwin, daughter of Caleb Baldwin, who was born December 17, 1788. They resided in East Orange and had issue, Rachel, born August 20, 1809, married John Dunham; Jane, born September 11, 1 8 ii, married Fernando Crans ; Matthias Munn, born January 24. 18 14; Lydia, born April 9, 1S16; Jared, born April 27, 1818; Sarah, born August 8, 1820; William, born November 11, 1822 ; Bcthucl Lnvis, born January 16, 1826; Julia Ann, born February 17, iSj8, married lulwaril Wallace. SEVENTH GENEKA.TION. IMaitiiias Munn Dodu, third chikl and eldest son of Lewis and Elizabeth (Baldwin; Dodd, was born at the homestead built by his grandfather on "Whiskey Lane," now Grove Street, East Orange, January 24, 1814. His education was limited to the rudimentary branches taught in the little country school and he spent much of his time on his father's farm. In later years he engaged in other enter- prises ; he bought and sold timber, dealt in cattle, &c. He was never idle either in summer or winter. About 1 84 1 he started a milk route which he continued for nearly fifty years, and for nearly forty years of the time was also engaged in the coal business with his brother-in-law. He owned considerable real estate and when prices advanced so that it was no longer profitable to hold it as farm land, he disposed of a large portion of it. He reinvested his money in improved property which yielded a good income. Much of this he divided among his relatives and gave to various benevolent objects. His interest centered in the First Congregational Church, of East Orange, of which he was one of the founders and staunchest supporters. As the population of East Orange increased, he kept well abreast of the times and was a firm advocate of public improvements. He served on the town committee of Orange before its disintegration and gave his hearty support to the movement which led to the formation of East Orange into a separate township. He was afterwards elected a member of the Township Committee of East Orange. While eschewing politics he voted for a number of years with the Republican party, but withdrew later and gave his support to the prohibitionists. He was a director of the People's Insurance Company and is now a director of the Merchants' Insurance Company, both of Newark. Although brought up in the old Calvinist school of theology, Mr. Dodd has always opposed its teachings and held to more liberal views and advanced thought. This eventually led him into the fold of the Congregational church and he is now a firm believer in its teachings. Mr. Dodd married, first, Harriet, daughter of Stephen Rowe. Three children were born to them, viz.: Elizabeth, who married Aaron P.Mitchell; Myra, married Horace N. Jennings, and Adelaide. His first wife died in 1880, and he married, second, Mrs. Emily Bullock, nee Padden. Although well advanced in years he is still strong in body and in mind and able to give his personal attention to all his business affairs. Bethuel Lewis Dodd, eighth child of Lewis and Elizabeth (Baldwin) Dodd, was born at the homestead of his grandfather, in East Orange, January 16, 1826. He received his preparatory course at Hamilton College and also had the benefit of private tutors. He entered the sophomore class at Princeton College in 1846. He studied medicine with Dr. Coles, of Newark, and entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1849. He afterwards became associated with Dr. Cole.s, of Newark, continuing for nearly thirty-five years. He was District Physician, Police Surgeon and surgeon for the N. J. R. R. Co. At the breaking out of the Civil War in 1861, he was volunteer surgeon of Ward's Hospital and examining surgeon for several New Jersey regiments. From about 1862 to 1872 he was County Physician of Essex. Dr. Dodd, in 1864, in connection with John R. Burnett, published " Genealogies of the Male Descend- 62 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ants of Daniel Dod, of Branford, Conn., a native of England, 1646 to 1863." He also assisted Mr. C. C Baldwin in the preparation of the Baldwin Genealogy. Dr. Dodd is a life member of the New Jersey Historical Society, also of the Cliosophic Society of Princeton College. Dr. Dodd married, first, October 4, 1854, Susan E. Jaques, daughter of John D. and Clarissa (Freeman) Jaques, son of John C. and Margaret (Dobbs) Jaques. She was born October i, 1821, and died February 11, 1870. Dr. Dodd married, second, Gertrude Ray Ward, daughter of Richard Ray and Gertrude E. (Doughty) Ward, a descendant of one of the most distinguished families in this country. She is own cousin to Julia Ward Howe, also to Mrs. Crawford, the sculptor, and to the famous "Sam Ward," of Washington. Dr. Dodd retired from acti\e practice in 1876 and has since engaged in literary pursuits and in the manage- ment of his wife's large estate and other business affairs. His children by his first wife were: Milton Coles, Clara Branch, Matthias Munn and Lydia Grace. By his second marriage he had issue, Edward Lewis, Annie May, Richard Ward, deceased, Gertrude Emily, Samuel Ward, Louisa Margaret. THIRD OENERATION. Lint,' of Jolin (1), youngest child of Daniel (2). J(iH.\ DoD (i), youngest son of Daniel (2) and Phebe (Brown?) Dod, was born in Newark, about 1695. His property embraced a large tract of land in what is now East Orange, formerly known as " Dodd Town," bordering on and embracing a considerable portion of Watsessing plains. He was a leader in the movement organized by the property owners living near the mountain to resist the claims of the Lords Proprietors. He owned about 500 acres, e.xtending from a line a little west of the Bethel Presbyterian Church, north and northwest towards Bloomfield, including the site of the old saw mill between Dodd Street and Bloomfield Township. A portion of this land, on which the copper mines were worked, is mentioned in the early deeds and contracts as " Rattlesnake Plains." John Dod died about 1762. His wife was Elizabeth Lampson, by whom he had issue, Eleazar, Abigail, married Job Crane ; Jo/in (2), born 1726; Mary, Phebe, Duvid, born 1733, and Elizabeth. FOURTH QENERA.TION. John Dod (2), eldest son of John (^i) and Elizabeth (Lampson) Dod, was born in Dod Town, in 1726. In 1754 he was chosen assessor of the town of Newark, which then included nearly the whole county of Essex, and was re-elected annually for several years. During the War of the Revolution he served in the Second Regiment of Es.sex, also in Capt. Craig's company, State troops. He died November 13, 1795. He married Jane, daughter of Joseph Smith, son of James Smith, the ancestor of the Smith family of Orange. His children were: Hannah, born 1753; Eleazar, born 1757; Uzal, born 1759; John, born 1761, and Linus, born 1765. KIKTH QKNERATION. Eleazar Dodd, eldest son of John (2) and Jane (Smith) Dodd, was born in 1757, in Dod Town. He owned a farm which ran along the present line of Prospect Street, which was afterwards divided between his sons, Stephen and Abial. He served as a Minute Man in the War of the Revolution in the same company with his father. He died on the farm where he was born, in 1807. He married Abigail Harrison, daughter of Stephen Harrison, son of Nathaniel, son of Joseph (l), son of Sergeant Richard Harrison, the ancestor of most of the Harrisons of Orange. They had issue, Hannah, born 1783; Stephen, born 1786; Abial, born 1789; Lydia, born 1792. SIXTH QENBRATIOiN. Stephen Dodd, second child of Eleazar and Abigail (Harrison) Dodd, was born at the homestead of his father, on what is now Prospect Street, September 26, 1786. He carried on an extensive business for many years as contractor and builder. He owned the property on the southwest corner of Main SAMUEL M. DODD. Tur; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 63 and Harrison Streets, and carried on business there for a number of years. After the death of Samuel M. Dodd, his cousin, he took charge of the saw mill at Dodd Town and continued the business for twenty years, until Samuel Uzal Dodd, son of Samuel M. Dodd, became of age. He sold his home- stead, corner of Main and Harrison Streets, Orange, and built himself a house on Prospect Street, on a part of the farm which he inherited from his father. He spent the remaining years of his life in that house. He was modest and unassuming in his manner, unselfish and charitable, with a kind word for every one. He was a man "known and read of all men," and his friends were legion. He was open, frank and honest and without guile, and there was much that was loveable in his nature. It may be truly said of him that : " His life was gentle; and the elements So mix'd in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world, this was a man." He was for many years a member of the old ]*"irst Presbyterian Church, of Orange, and afterwards assisted in organi/.ing the Secontl Presbyterian, now known as the Brick Church, of East Orange. Mr. Dodii married February i, 1826, Mary Condit, and had issue: 1. Stephen Harrison Dodd, bom at the homestead, on the corner of Main and Harrison .Streets, January ", 1828. He resides at present in the house built b\- his father, on Prospect Street. He married Susan C. Washburn, daughter of Silas and Lydia (Baldwin) Washburn. Their children are : Silas Washburn, born November 18, 1857, married Elizabeth Clark; Letitia Chardevoyne, and Henry Van/.andt. 2. ViNER Vanzandt Dodd, born December 17, 1829. He lived for a number of years with his father, in the old homestead at Dodd Town. He resides at present in a modern cottage on Midland Avenue. He married, November 20, 1856, Abby Porter, and had issue, Mary Linden, and Samuel Irving, born March 17, i860, died April 12, 1861. 3. Samuel Morris Dodd, third child of Stephen and Mary (Condit) Dodd, was born at the homestead, in Dodd Town, now East Orange, June 3, 1832. He attended the little district school in his neighborhood and completed his education at the Bloomfield Academy, a famous educational institution in its da\-. At the age of fourteen he started on his business career as clerk in a country store in Orange, and two years later he obtained a position in the ofifice of a wholesale hat, cap and fur house on Water Street, New York. As a lad he was honest, industrious, painstaking, and attended faithfully to the interests of his employers. He remained with this firm three years and his prospects for further advancement were very good. The West at this time offered great inducements to young men, and he determined to avail himself of the opportvmities offered for improving his condition. He went to St. Louis in February, 185 i, and found employment with the hat, cap and fur house of Baldwin. Randall & Co. His knowledge of the business acquired in the East proved of great advantage to him in his new connections, and he grew in the estimation of his employers so that at the end of five j'ears he was received into the firm as a junior member. In 1863 he bought out his partners and continued the business in his own name until 1S66, when he wound up its affairs and became one of the founders and senior member of the wholesale dry goods firm of Dodd, Brown & Co. This became one of the largest and best known diy goods houses in the West, and Mr. Dodd was recognized as one of the leading merchants of St. Louis. He continued his connection with this firm until 1885, when he retired. During this period he had become actively identified with other large enterprises which required more or less of his time and attention. He was at that time president of the American Brake Co., and of the Broadway Real Estate Co, and has since become interested in numerous other corpora- tions. He is now president of the Missouri Electric Light and Power Co., president of the Edison Illuminating Co., vice-president of the American Central Insurance Co., vice-president of the National Bank of Commerce, and a director in numerous other institutions. During the Civil War, altlioii,i;h in the midst of the enemies of his cmintry, Mr. Dodd was true and loyal to the government, assisted and encouraged enlistments and took part in the various public 64 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. movements for the support of the Union cause. While lie has never shirked any known duty and has given his hearty support to the various public improvements in the city of his adoption, he eschewed politics and declined public of^ce. As a loyal republican he has been faithful to his party and contributed to its success. Modest and unassuming in his demeanor, Mr. Dodd possesses qualities of mind and heart that endear him to all who know him. He has proved himself a true and worthy representative of the Dodd family, that for generations have preserved a spotless escutcheon. Though identified for almost a lifetime with the growth and prosperity of the great West, Mr. Dodd has never lost his interest in the scenes of his childhood. Not only his own immediate family, but the playmates of his youth are remembered by him witli tender solicitude and affection. His frequent visits to the home of his childhood are hailed with joy by his circle of friends and acquaintances, who are proud of the fact that the little village of Dodd Town has produced at least one of the successful merchants of the great West. 4. AiilAL Monroe, born March 25, 1834. 5. Henry Pierson, born January 28, 1836. 6. Harriet Pierson, bom January 26, 1839. 7. Ira Condit, born June 26, 1841. 8. Marcus Di.kon, born January 17, 1844. FOURTH GENERATION. Line of IJavid, si^cth child of John (1), soi^ of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (1). David Dod, sixth child of John (i) and Elizabeth (Lampson) Dod, was born at the homestead, in Dodd Town (East Orange), nth October, 1733. He inherited his share of the property and was a large landowner. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He carried on the grist mill and in addition to this business he had a large citler mill, where he did a very extensive business and manufactured and coopered all his own barrels. He married Sarah, daughter of Joseph Harrison (son of Joseph, who was the son of Sergeant Richard Harrison, the ancestor of the Newark and Orange family of this name). They had issue, Mary, Zcbina, Elizabeth, Rhoda, Abigail, Sarah, D(i7'ic/ {2). born June, 1773, Pliebe, Lydia, Da\id (1), died March 31, 1817. In his will, made in 1790. he left the mill property to be enjoyed equally between his two sons, David, Jr.. and Zebina, KIKTH GENERATION. David DOD (2), seventh child of David (i) and Sarah (Harrison) Dod, was born in that part of what is now East Orange, formerly Dodd Town, June 2, 1773. He served his time with his father and continued to operate the grist mill for a time, and about thirty years before his death he leased it to certain parties for a woolen mill, lie was a man highly respected in the community. He married, June 22, 1800, Lydia Ward, daughter of Samuel L. Ward (son of Lawrence, son of Josiali, son of John Ward, Jr., who settled in Newark, 1666, and in Bloomfield before 1700). The children were: Joseph Chandler, Eliza Ward, Mary Ann, Ellen Margaret, Reuben ]]\, born August 5, 18 12, Margaret, Almira, Josia/i Farrand. SIXTH GENERATION. Reuben W. Dodd, fifth child of David (2) and Ljdia (Ward) Dodd, was born in that part of East Orange formerl\- known as Dodd Town, August 5, 1812. He attended the district school at Dodd Town and assisted his father in the grist mill, of which he became proprietor about ten years before his father's death. He did a thriving business at the mill for many years and also kept a dour and feed store on Main Street, on the site of the present post office. Mr. Dodd served on several occasions as TiiK Founders and IJiiidkus ok tiik Oranges. 65 Surveyor of Roads foi Essex County. He took an active part in the affairs of Orange Township and more espcciall)' those of East Orange after it became a separate townsliip. Altliough a republican in politics, he couiil not be called a partisan ; he was too liberal minded for that. He was best known in Masonic circles and in his daily life exemplified the teachings of the Order. He was a member and for a lon^ time the treasurer of Union Lodge, of Orange, F. & A. M., prompt in his attendance at the regular comnninications and ever ready to assist in carrying on the work. He was equally prominent in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and recognized the strong ties which bound this noble brotherhood together. He passed through the several chairs of Lafayette Lodge, No. 12, of which he was long a member. He was also highly honored in the Encampment and was Past High Priest of Mt. Ararat Encampment, of Newark. He died October 9, 1870, and was buried with Odd Fellow and Masonic honors. The funeral ceremonies on the part of the Odd Fellows were conducted by Theodore N. Ross, Past Grand Master of the State of New Jersey, and on the part of the Masonic Fraternity by Leander Williams, VV. M., of Corinthian Lodge, of Orange. Mr. Dodd marrieil late in life, Nancy Maria Doty, born at Sloansville, Schoharie, County, N. Y., June 9, 1834, daughter of Asa and Elizabeth (Day) Doty (born at Sharon, Conn., April 28, 1795), son of Jesse and Lydia (Strong) Doty (born at Sharon, Conn., 1772), son of Asa and Sarah (Barnum) Doty (born at Wareham, Mass., Nov. 6, 1746). Asa was a soldier in the Revolution, was ensign in 1775, in Albany Co., N. Y. He lived in Sharon, Conn., and died there in 1788, by a fall from a wagon. He was the son of Capt. Samuel and Zeriah (Lovell) Doty. Capt. Samuel Doty, born in Rochester, Mass., about 1713, removed to Wareham, and in 1747, to Sharon, Conn., where he practiced surveying and became a prominent citizen. He was the son of John and Elizabeth ( ) Doty. John Doty was born at Rochester, Mass., March i, 1688. He was the son of Joseph and Deborah (J-fatch) Doty. Joseph Doty was born at Plymouth, Mass., April 30, 165 r. He was a surveyor and farmer and one of the original purchasers and settlers at Rochester, Mass., and was treasurer of the town. He was the son of Edward and Faith (Clark) Doty. Edward Doty, the emigrant ancestor of the family, was born in 1599 and was one of the "blessed company " who came on the Mayflower to Plymouth, Mass., in 1620. The children of Reuben W. and Nancy Maria ( Doty) Dodd were : Lydia Caroline, David Asa, Lizzie C. and John Brower. JOSIAH Farrand Doud, youngest child of David (2) and Lydia (^Ward) Dodd, was born at the homestead of the family, corner of Dodd Street and Midland Avenue, February 19, 1818. After completing his education he went to Newark and learned the coach making trade. Later in life he engaged in the manufacture of prussiate of potash, in Newark. Mr. Dodd was twice married ; his first wife was Sarah Maria Ward, daughter of Elijah Ward, of Morristown, to whom he was married in 1842. Three children were the issue of this marriage — Matilda (still living), married John Brower, of New York City. They have four children, John, Jr., Ward, Farrand D., Beatrice. Mr. Dodd married, secondly, Eleanor Carhuff. of Pennsylvania. The issue of the second marriage of Mr. Dodd was five children, all deceased except Mary E., who married J. Ward Grummon. They have children, viz.: Eleanor, deceased, Joseph Dodd, Thomas, Paul. KIFTH GENERATION. Lii:ivis, youngest son of John (2), son of John (1). son of 13aniel (2), son of Daniel (1). Linus Dod, youngest child of John (2, fourth generation) and Jane (Smith) Dod, was born near the original homestead of Daniel Dod, in Dodd Town, June i8, 1765. He was an elder in the First Presbyterian Church and was one of those who signed the call, in 1801, to Rev. Asa Hillyer to become the pastor of the church. He was a man of high standing in the community as well as in the church. He died August 3, 1825. He married Elizabeth Pierson, daughter of Caleb, of Caleb, of Samuel, of Samuel, of Thomas Pierson, the ancestor. Their children were Achsah and Calvin. 66 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. SIXTH QENERATION. Calvin Dodd, only son of Linus and Elizabeth ( Pierson) Dodd, was born in Dodd Town, Novem- ber 13, 1792. He was educated at the neighboring country school. While this was all the schooling he had, it was by no means the extent of his education. He was always learning, always accumulating, and being pos- sessed of a retentive memor\', he was never at a loss to express himself on any subject in which he was interested. He had a strong fund of common sense and made good use of his powers of observation. He was a man of strong personality and a leader among men. He was the advisor and counsellor of his neighbors on all important matters, and those who folldwcd his advice seldom had occasion to regret it. He stubbornly opposed what he believed to be wrong, and strenuously urged the adoption of any cause that seemed to him to be right. His likes and dislikes were strong, but he was withal a generous opponent. .\s an illustration of this it is said that he opposed for years the building of a bridge across Parrow Brook on Central Avenue, but when at last it was proposed to erect a cheap structure he insisted on building it of the very best material and in ^ .^^,^, . the best manner. He carried his point after a lieated dis- H^^^K^ I cussion, and a lifelong opponent, in his closing remarks, said ^^^^■t ^j£ ^j^m of h''" '■ " He was the noblest Roman of them all." ^^^^Br '*9^m He served the best part of his life as a member of the ^^^^^^ S Board of Chosen Freeholders. He was a director of the ^Hi^Bt™«i^^iSi^i^ifiSHBfcta^^B Orange Bank for many years. He was long an elder and one of the main pillars in the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church. He was tiic prime mover in the effort to establish a church in his own immediate neighborhood and worked faithfully to accomplish this object. He died February 15, 1875. By his marriage, January 13, 1820, with Elizabeth, daughter of Ichabod Harrison, he had three children : Phebe Jane, Elizabeth Caroline and Amzi Smith. CALVIN DODD. SEVENTH GENERATION. Amzi Smith Dodd, son of Calvin and Elizabeth (Harrison) Dodd, was born November i, 1826. Early in life he attended the village school and the Bloomfield Academy. In disposition he was like his father in many ways and inherited those strong traits for which his line of ancestors were distinguished. He was a man of strong character and sterling virtues and highly esteemed in the community. He never engaged actively' in political affairs, but when pressed to accept official honors he discharged the duties in a fearless and conscientious manner. After his father became enfeebled b\- age and no longer able to fill positions of public trust, he was called on to take his place. He served on the Township Committee, also on the Board of Chosen Freeholders. When quite \oung he united with the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church and continued his labors there until the new interest was started by his father in Dodd Town, when he devoted all his energies to this work. He was a member of Lafayette Lodge, L O. O. F., of Orange. He died March 1, 1872, beloved and respected by all who knew him. He married Hannah L. Kilburn, daughter of Thomas D. Kilburn, of South Orange, son of Jabez, who was the son of Ebenezer Kilburn, of Morris County, N. J., born in Glastonbury, Conn., March 10, 1679. The father of Ebenezer was John of Wethersfield, born 1651, a prominent man in the community — selectman, 1693: constable, 1697, 1702, 1705; grand juror of Hartford, 1693 — son of The Foundkks ani> UrirnF.RS of the Oranges. dj Sergeant Joliii Kilburn, who came with his father Francis in the ship Increase, in 1635. Their children were Linus Calvin, born November 27, 1850, died August 31, 1851 ; Frederick Milton, born January II, 1853, died September 25, 1855: Abby Elizabeth, born January 14, 1856, died December 24, 1859; Caroh'ne, born July 11, 1859, died in infancy; Amzi Thomas, born May 30, 1868, employed in the passenger department of the Central R. R. Co., of N. J. He married, on June 12, 1805, Alice Williams Short, dauL^lUer of Valentine Short, son of Martin Short, a soldier in the War of the Revolution, who, after the war, established the first stage line between Philadelphia and Pittsburg, and settled in the latter place, of which he was one of the founders. THE FREEMAN FAHILY. The name of Freeman is found in the records of England as early as the fifteenth century. Nearly all the English families of this name bore substantially the same Arms, with a similarity of Crests. Those of London and Northamptonshire were : Arms. — Azure three lozenges in fesse or. Crest. — A demi-wolf argent, holding between his paws a lozenge argent. Stethen Freeman, the progenitor of the New Jersey families of this name, was one of the original settlers of Milford, Conn., in 1646, where he had a house and lot, but did not become an inhabitant until 1658. On May 21, 1666, he, with Capt. Robert Treat (afterwards Governor of Connecticut) and others, was appointed a committee on behalf of the people of Milford, Guilford and Branford to investigate and report in regard to the " Towne Plotts on the Pesayick River," with a view to settlement, etc. Stephen Freeman was one of the Milford signers of the Fundamental Agreement, October 30, 1666. "His home lott " consisted of six and one-half acres, "bounded with John Carley south, the swamp east, and the Highway north and west." This is shown on the old maps as on the south side of Market Street, below Mulberry Street, and nearly opposite Obadiah Bruen's, and was known as Lot No. 8. In December, 1669, " Liberty is granted to Stephen Freeman to remove his lot nearer homeward out of Gregory's, so much of it as is left, provided he lays down of his own to the Town lands so much as he takes up." At a Town Meeting, August 4, 1673, he was nominated for one of the magistrates. On October 13 of the same year, he was chosen with others " to take the Pattent in their Names in the Town's Behalf and to give Security to the Payment of the Purchase." March 19, 1673-4, he was chosen one of the Town's Men. September 3, 1680, " The Town hath engaged to Vote to stand by Goodman Porter (Potter) and keep him harmless from what shall come to him from Peter Jacobs, by reason of Stephen Freeman's Bontl of forty Pounds. Item. — John Curtis, Thomas Richards and John Brown, Jr., are chosen to do what they can to see what is paid to Peter Jacobs on account of this Bond of Stephen Freeman's." This is the last record found of Stephen Freeman and it is supposed that he died soon after. He married Hannah, daughter of Capt. Astwood. His will names Savmet, Hannah, Martha and Sarah. The Newark records show that "Widow Hannah F"reeman (survey of land, 1667) hath for her division of upland lying near the Mountain containing 40 acres, bounded with Sergeant Richard Harrison north, and by the Common south and east, and with the top of the Mountain west." This division was probably intended for her husband and she succeeded to his rights. Whether she moved to the Mountain with her children is not known, but her son Samuel is the first one mentioned in connection with the land at the Mountain. SECOND QENERATION. Samuel Free.MAN (i), son of Stephen and Hannah (Astwood) Freeman, was born in Milford, Conn., in 1662, and was brought by his parents to Newark, in infancy. He probably interited the land of his mother " near the Mountain," the boundaries of which are given in several conveyances made to other parties. He married Elizabeth Brown, born in Newark, 1662, died November 13, 1732, aged 70. He had among other children, Samuel {2). 68 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. THIRD QENERATION. Samuel Freeman (2), son of Samuel (i) and Elizabeth (Brown) Freeman, was born between 16S0 and 1690. He married Mary Lindsley. His children were: Samuel {■!,), known as "Deacon Samuel," Timothy, Abel and Thomas. In 1728, Samuel Freeman purchased from Josiah Ogden forty acres described as "beginning at John Freeman's south corner tree standing by Rahway River; from thence to Lidington's Brook, and up the said brook to the head thereof, and thence to the Mountain, and thence along the Mountain to the line marked out between Joseph Hedden and the said land, thence southeast to Rahway River, thence to the said River where it began." The sum paid was £6g. It is' stated by the descendants of the family that all the land lying between South Orange Avenue on the south and the present cable road on the north was owned by Deacon Samuel, Timothy, Abel and Thomas, sons of Samuel (2). In the purchase made in 1719 by the Mountain Society of twenty acres of land for a glebe, the grant was made to Samuel Freeman and others. KOURTH QENER.A.'riON. Samuel Freeman (3), son of Samuel (2) and Mary (Lindsley) Freeman, was born at the home- stead of his father, in 1716. He died in Orange, October 21, 1782, aged 66. The contract for building the church edifice of the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, in 1754, was made by Samuel Freeman with Moses Baldwin. 1 le was elected Deacon of the church in 1748, and continued in office until his death. He married Keziah , and had issue, Abel, Amos and Joscpli. The homestead of Deacon Samuel Freeman stood on the "Mountain House" lot, about twelve or fifteen feet from the road and five or six rods north of the brook. Abijah TiUou (still living, 1896,) helped to tear down the house, in 1830. FIFTH GENERATION. Joseph Freeman, youngest son of Samuel (3) and Ke/.iah ( 1 Freeman, was born at the homestead of his father, near where the "Mountain House" stood, in 1741. He married, first, Mary Morris; second, Mary Walker. He and his wife entered into covenant with the Mountain Society, August 31, 1767. Three of his children by his first wife — Rachel, Phebe and Samuel — were baptized the .same date, lie had other children by his second wife, Usal IV., born October 5, 1771 ; Richard, born 1773, and Ira. He served with the Esse.x County Militia in the War of the Revolution. Some time after the close of the war he moved with his family to Saratoga County, N. Y. It is .said that one of his children, Richard, was the first Mayor of Schenectady. SIXTH GENERATION. Uzal W. P"REEM.\N, son of Jcseph and Mary (Walker) Freeman, was born at the homestead of his father and grandfather, October 5, 1771. He received a good education and taught school for a time. He afterwards went to New York City where he learned surveying and assisted in la\-ing out some of the streets in the upper part of the cit\-. He renio\ed to Montxille, Morris County, N. J., about 1 817, and about four years later went to Paterson. It is said that he made the first map ever made of that city, two or three of which are still in existence. He married Sarah Ann Angevine, daughter of Gilbert Angevine, a descendant of a Huguenot family of that name, which settled in New Rochelle, N. Y., previous to the Revolution. Gilbert Angevine served in the War of the Revolution as a private. Only one surviving child was the issue of this marriage, viz.: Alexander Hamilton Freeman. SEVENTH GENERATION. Alexander Hamilto.n Freeman, only son of Uzal W. and Sarah Ann (Angevine) Freeman, was born in New York City, December 30, 18 10. When he was seven years of age his father removed to Montville, Morris County, N. J., where Ale.xander spent his boyhood and enjoyed good educational advantages. At the age of si.xteen he went to learn the trade of tinsmith at Paterson and became a first-class workman. In 1836 he came to Orange and located on Main Street, near Harrison, where he ALEXANDER H. FREEMAN. The Founders and I^uilders of the Oranges. • 69 remained in business for a year, returning to Patcrson. In 1844 he came again to Orange and located on Main Street, near Hillyer, where lie soon after built a shop and residence. Prospering in business he bought, in 1855, the property on the corner of Main and Canfield Streets and later another piece of property on the corner of Main and Centre Streets, where he built a three-story building, the lower part of which he occupied as a store and associated with him Mr. J. J. Hanta. The buildings were twice destroyed by fire, first in i860 and again in 15^73. He rebuilt what is at i)resent known as the Freeman Huildings, corner of North Centre and Main Streets. Mr. Freeman was a man foremost in all good works and one whose name was a synonym of integrity, industry and unswerving fidelity to his convictions of right, and who was an unyielding opponent of everything that he belie\-c(.l to be against tlie welfare of the masses. For nearly thirty years he held the office of Justice of the Peace. He served as councilman four years, and for t en years was a member of the Board of Eilucation, of which he was President at the time of his death and in which he served faithfully, ever studjiiig the best methods of educating the rising generation. He did much to improve the condition of the schools during his administration as President. He prepared, in 1876, an elaborate history of the public schools of Orange, a portion of which is embodied in this work. In politics Mr. Freeman was an abolitionist, being among the earliest to identify himself as a champion of the oppressed blacks, and was a member of the Buffalo Convention which, in 1842, nominated James G. Birney for President of the United States. When the Republican party was organized he at once identified himself with it and adhered to its principles up to the time of his death. He was so pronounced in his advocacy of freedom for the slaves that he sometimes gave offence to those who differed with him, but he had the satisfaction of knowing that most of them became converts to his faith. In the temperance cause he was an active worker and in the Temple of Honor he held the highest office in the subordinate temple in the State society, and for one year held the highest position in the organization in the United States. He was for some years an elder in the First Presbyterian Church. Mr. Freeman married Lucinda, daughter of Judge Benjamin Crane, for twenty-five years County Judge of Morris County, N. J. He was the son of Benjamin Crane, of Cranestown, son of Stephen, son of Azariah, Jr., son of "Deacon Azariah" (who married Governor Treat's daughter), son of Jasper, the ancestor of the Crane family of Essex county. The issue of the marriage of Mr. Freeman and Lucinda Crane was: J. Addison Freeman, Ginerva and VVilberforce. Mr. Freeman died December 16, 1883, and his wife, August 5, 1889. and both are buried in the family plot in Rosedale. Joseph Addiso.V Freeman, M. D., eldest child of Alexander H. and Lucinda (Crane) Freeman, was born in Paterson, N. J., June 25, 1833. He came to Orange when eleven years of age and that place remained his home until his' death. He early gave evidence of rare intellectual qualities. He graduated with very high honors from the College of New Jersey, in 1852, and after the required preliminary study, graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in 1856. He practised his profession for a short time in Somerset County, in this State, but soon returned to Orange where he was actively engaged until the breaking out of the Civil War. In 1S62 he entered the army as Assistant Surgeon of the Thirteenth New Jersey Regiment, but was soon after made surgeon of the same, which place he held until December, 1863, when he was appointed by President Lincoln, Surgeon in the U. S. Vol. Corps and assigned to the U. S. General Hospital, at Nashville, Tenn., of which he was subsequently placed in charge, and where he remained until his sudden death from pneumonia, on December 29, 1864. His remains were at once brought to Orange and interred in Rosedale Cemetery. Although but thirty-one years of age at his death, he had already developed into a physician of marked ability and gave evidence of becoming a very learned man. He possessed a sterling character and was universally recognized as a person of unusual talents and worth. Wii.berforce Freeman, the youngest child, is also a graduate of Princeton of the class of 1864, and of the Columbia College Law School, in 1868. He has always resided in Orange and practiced law for many years in partnership with Hon. J. L. Blake. He has been President of the Half Dime Savings Bank for several vears. -JO The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. THE HARRISON FAMILY. Richard Harrison, the ancestor of tlie Newark family of this name, came from Cheshire, England, and was one of the original settlers of the New Haven Colony, also one of the proprietors of the Totoket plantation, subscciuently named Branford, where he died October 25, 1653. His children were : Ricliard, Samuel, Mary {ox Maria), married, November 27, 1662, Thomas Pierson, Sr. (brother of Rev. Abraham), and Elizabeth. The Newark Settler. Sergeant Richard Harri.SON, eldest son of Richard Harrison (1 ), was born, probably in England. He was one of the committee sent to Newark "to order and settle the concernments and people of the place till another committee be chosen antl settled." He was one of the Branford signers of the Fundamental Agreement. In 1668, as appears by the Newark Records, "the Town hath bargained w ith Deacon Ward, Serg't Richard Harrison and Serg't Edward Rigs for the sum of seventeen Pounds, to build the same Meeting House according to the Denientions agreed upon, &c." On August 24, 1670, "the Town made a full agreement with Mr. Robert Treat and Serg't Rich'd Harrison about the Building and Maintaining of a sufficient Corn Mill, to be set upon the Little Brook called the Mill Brook." Sergeant Richard Harrison was nominated for Ensign, August 30, 1673. He was elected one of the Town's Men, March 19, 1674. On April 17, 1676, he was chosen one of a "Committee to lay out the Highway and the Landing Place by the River." At a Town Meeting, May 16, 1683, " Whereas, there was a Co\enant made with Mr. Robert Treat and Serg't Richard Harrison to make and maintain a sufificient Corn Mill, upon such conditions as is in a Covenant exprest, made between them, the said Treat and Richard Harrison, and the Town, recordeil in the Town Book, fol. 29. Be it known that \, Richard Harrison, having bought Mr. Treat's part of the Mill, and am obliged, according to the Covenant and conditions thereof af's'd, have formerly and do now again, make over all my Right to the Mill unto my sons Samuel, Joseph and George Harrison, they being become obliged unto the Town, in all particulars mentioned in the said Covenant, to observe and keep the same in all respects as fully as L the said Ricliartl Harrison, was obliged to. And the said Samuel, Joseph and George Harrison have and do declare in the Town Meeting, their acceptance of the Mill upon the same Conditions as is in the said Covenant exprest." The children of Sergeant Richard Harrison were: Samuel, Josep/i, hovn 1649; John, lUiijaniin, born 1655; George, born 165S; Daniel, born 1661 ; Mary, born 1664, married Samuel Piei'son, Jr. SECOND OENERATION. Line of Sergeant Kichard, of NewarU. Samuel Harrison, eldest son of Sergeant Richard, came to Newark with his father. He drew his home Lott, No. 2, in May, 1673, and. had evidently just reached his majority. li\ August of that year he was nominated for Ensign. On Marcli 22, 1683, Samuel Harrison, Azariah Crane, Joseph Riggs and Edward Ball " arc chosen to lay out the Bounds between us and Hockquecanung and to make no other Agreement with them of any other Bounds than what was formerly." Samuel Harrison (II. married Mary Ward, tlaughter of Sergeant John Ward. Their children were: Mary, Saiiiiicl {2), John, Sarah, Susanna and Elcannr. thirl:) aENERA.TION. r^-''^<:>^?/'^^C-^^:r^^^ of Samuel (i) and Mary (Ward) Harrison, was (^ £^y^ t/ born in Newark, in 1684. He settled at the Mountain in what is now Orange, in 1723. The old homestead, erected by him, is still in a good state of preservation. It is situated on Wigwam Brook, about two hundred yards west of Day Street, on Washington Street, and a little east of the new school house. It is partly concealed by a new building in front. 1 he old well, with the well sweep, is between the two houses. On the corner stone of the The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 71 foundation underneath the front of the house is the following inscription : "S. II., 1723." A few feet east of the homestead stood the old saw mill and beyond this the fulling mill. This was a part of the farm owned bj- Samuel (il, his father. In his will, dated January 7, 1712-13, he gives to his son Samuel "fifty acres bounded on the north by lands of Anthony Olive, on the south by lands of Widow Abigail Ward, on the cast by ^TtfiJ^^^^^ the highway anil the west b\' the Mount- \^'// ain." The first reference to the mill of Samuel (2i is found in his account book, the charge being: "1729. June- Ki, to sawing for scool house, cx).5.6." He exercised the quadruple functions of magi- strate, farmer, fuller and sawyer. He was withal a loyal rent-paj-er as appears from a petition addressed to Gov. Helcher in 1749, and signed by Nathaniel Wheeler, Jonathan Pierson, John Condit and others, asserting their loyalt)' and vindicating themselves against an implied connection with recent disturbances and riots SamvK 1 Harrison's saw mill was the only one in this localily for some years and he prob- ably did the sawing for most of the houses built here. The entries in his day book show that in July, 1748, he was sawing " oke plank, gice, slepers " and other material, and also receiving sundry sums of money "on account of the jnirsonage." Samuel Harrison niarrieil Jemima Williams (born 1686), daughter of Matthew Williams. Their children were : Ai>ios,\)o\\\ 1712; Jemima, born 1714, married John Dod ; Mary, born 1716, married Ward; Samuel (3), born 1718; Adonijah, born 1721 ; Ruth, born 1723; Matt/uzv, born 1726; Eleanor, born 1729. TllK SAMUKI. HARRISON HOMESTEAD. KOURTH OENERATION. Line of A.mos, eldest child of Samuel (2), son of JSannijel (1). /^-^j^V-tr^ ^j^f^<>.^>'-7*>(^<7>a eldest child of Samuel (2) and Jemima (Williams) Harrison, was born at the homestead, on W^ashington Street, within the present boundaries of Orange^ in 1712. His name appears on the list of Esse.x County Militia, who served in the War of the Revolu- tion. He purchased from the executors of Caleb Crane a large tract of land on the south side of the Northfield Road, extending to the summit of the mountain, a portion of which is still owned by his descendants. He married Hannah Johnson and had issue, Reuben, Isaac, Simeon, born 1741, Eleanor, Martha, Jemima, Ruth, married John Munn. FIFTH OENERATIOX Simeon Harrison, third child of Amos and Hannah (Johnson) Harrison, was born at the homestead of his father, on the Northfield Road, in 1741. He married Hannah, daughter of Caleb Crane (son of Azariah (3^ of Azariah (2), of Deacon Azariah— who married the daughter of Gov. Treat, — .son of Jasper Crane, the ancestor). Their children were: Caleb, born 1770; Phebe, born 1774, married Noah Matthews: John, Hannah, Sarah, horn 1783, married Joseph Matthew.s. 72 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. sixth oeneration. Cai.Ei; Harrison, eldest child of Simeon and Hannah (Crane) Harrison, was born at the homestead on Northfield Road, in 1770, died 1854. He built, in 1S08, the present brick house which stands near the entrance of the Northfield Road. He married Ketmah, dau<^hter of Isaac Crane, and had children, Simeon, born 1792, died 1799; Mar\-, Phebe, Margaret, married Joel W. Condit ; 5/wr^//, again, born 1804 ; Hannah, married Rev. William R. Whittingham ; Phebe. SEVENTH GENERATION. Simeon Harrison, fifth child of Caleb and Ketmah (Crane) Harrison, was born at the homestead of his father, in what is now West Orange, February, 1804; he died March 20, 1872. He attended the village school and had the advantages of a higher education at the Bloomfield Academy, a noted school in its day. He was a born leader of men, and no man ever lived in this community who exerted a stronger influence. Bold, courageous, honest and upright, he commanded respect, and yet by his kind, genial disposition he won the confidence of his fellow-men. He was a democrat of the old Jeffersonian school and was known throughout the State as one of the staunchest supporters of his party. He was in public office nearly all his life at a time when the office sought the man, and not the man the office. In the campaign of 1856 he was sent as a delegate by his party to the National Democratic Convention, at Cincinnati, when James Buclianan was nominated for President. At the fall election of 1858 lie was elected as a representative of the Second Assembly District to the State Legislature. While faithfully representing his constituents in local matters, he could rise above all part\- ties when any great principle was at stake and, while loyal to his party, was in no sense a partisan. It was largely through his efforts that the new charter for Orange was obtained in i860, and he was elected a member of the first Common Council under this ciiarter. After the separation of the Oranges he became a member of the West Orange Township Committee. He was a most exemplary and worth)- representative of the Masonic Fraternity, and no worthy distressed brother ever appealed to him in vain. He was seldom absent from the stated communications of Union Lodge, of which he was for forty-six years an honored member, passing through the several chairs, serving as Worshipful Master in 1852-3 and again in 1864. He was an e.xcellent presiding officer and a skillful craftsman. Mr. Harrison's charities were not confined to his Masonic brethren. He recognized the fact that "The poor ye have with you always," and his well-filled larder could always be relied upon to supply the wants of the needy. He was a man of positive convictions, but not self-assertive. He was well informed on all the topics of the day and ready at all times to meet an opponent in open, fair combat. He was respected alike by friend and foe and admired for his many noble qualities of heart and mind. Mr. Harrison married Abby Maria, tlaughter of Stephen Condit. They had one child, Abby Maria, who married Samuel O. RoUinson, a grandson of William Roilinson, (jne of the first — if not the first — steel engra\er in this country. He came to this country just previous to or during the Revolution anil it is said that he engraved the buttons on Washington's military coat. He engraved, in 1S08, a portrait on steel of (icn. Alexander Hamilton — one of the best likenesses of Hamilton, it is said, ever made. Samuel O. Roilinson, the grandson, was connected with the Atlantic White Lead Co. for about forty years, part of the time as a partner. After his marriage with Miss Condit in 1869, he came to West Orange and resided at the home of his father-in-law and became interested to a considerable extent in public afiairs. He was for a long time a member of the Township Committee of West Orange and was also its chairman. He continued to reside in the old homestead until his de.ith in August, 1891. He left four children. Simeon I Lirrison, the eldest, born at the homestead in 1870, educated at Princeton and graduated at the New York Law School in 1896 and read law in the oflfice of Blake and Howe. He has already become interested in public afiairs of his native town and has served as chairman of the Township Committee of West Orange. Phebe Harrison and Margaret Stymits, the two daughters of Samuel O. Roilinson, reside at the homestead. William, the youngest son, is a student at Princeton. -V" IRA HARRISON. The Founders and Buii.dkrs of the Oranges. 73 fourth qeneration. Line of Is^atthew-, son of Sannuel (2), son of Samuel (1). Mati'HEW Harrison, scvcntli child of Samuel (2) and Jemima (Williams) Harrison, was born at the homestead, in Orange, in 1726. He served with the New Jersey militia in the War of the Revolu- tion. He married Martha Dod and hail issue, Abijah, Aaron, born 1753, Amos, Adonijah, Mary. KIKTH GENERATION. Aaron Harrison, eldest child of Matthew and Martha (Dod) Harrison, was born at the homestead of his father, on the Swincfield Road, in 1753. He also served with the New Jersey militia in the War of the Revolution. The military spirit continued long after the war and he was elected Major of a battalion of light horse composed of seven companies, evcr_\- man furnishing his own uniform and e([uipmcnts, at a cost of one hundred tloUars each. It is said that the first farm wagon ever used in this locality was brought here by Major Harrison. He w^as a man of good judgment and sound common sense, and had the confidence and respect of his neighbors. He was twice married, first, to Jemima, third child of Daniel and Ruth (Harrison) Cundict. [Ruth was the daughter of Samuel Harrison {2).] He married, second, Phebe, daughter of Lewis Crane, son of Elihu, son of Jasper (3), son of Jasper (2), son of Jasper (i), one of the original Newark settlers. The wife of Lewis Crane was a cousin of Rev. Aaron Burr. The children of Aaron and Fhcbe (Crane) Harrison were: Samuel A., Charles, Matilda, Phebe, Jemima, married Caleb W. I^aldwin, /ri7,hom January 4, lygt,, Aaron Burr, Abigail, and Mary. SIXTH GENERATION. IkA Harrison, son of Aaron and Phebe (Crane) Harrison, was born at his father's homestead, near that of his grandfather, January 4, 1795, died March 5, i8go. He was one of the most important connecting links between the past and present, and lived to see the great changes that have been wrought in his native town. He lived a useful, honored life and dieil in the full enjoyment of a bright Christian faith. He was one of the most enterprising farmers in this vicinity and was quick to adopt any improvements. He loved the good old customs, but was not averse to the new. He kept himself well abreast of the times. The old ox team might do for his neighbors, but he preferred a good team of horses. He was no doubt envied by his neighbors whom he was able to drive around in his own horse and wagon, he being the first to introduce this new method of locomotion in the Oranges. He lived to witness the feats of the iron horse and all the improved methods of travel. It was as a Christian and a gentleman, however, that he wielded the greatest influence. He was long an elder and a bright and shining light in the old Fir.st Presbyterian Church. His was no formal, but a thorough practical Christianit\-. He carried a sanctified purse and gave liberally when and where it was needed, and could always be relied upon to bear his full share of the burdens. He was tender and affectionate as husband and father, and loved, honored and respected by his neighbors. Although well advanced in years he showed his patriotism and loyalty during the war by attending the public meetings and encouraging enlistments. Mr. Harrison married Mary, daughter of Ichabod Jones, born Dec. 27, 1798, son of Joseph (2j, born 1737, son of Joseph (i ), born i63i, son of John Jones, the ancestor of the Jones family of East Orange. The children of Ira and Mary (Jones) Harrison were: Aaron, Rhoda A., Samuel, Matilda, John, Phebe C, married Josiah H. Williams, Alfred J., William L., Mary E., married Capt. Ambrose M. Matthews, and P'rederick J. SEVENTH GENERATION. Alfred Harrison, M. D., son of Ira and Mary (Jones) Harrison, was born at the homestead of his father, in Orange, September 9, 1833. He was prepared for college at Pierson's school, in Elizabeth, and was graduated at Princeton in 1855 ; pursued his medical studies at the University of Michigan, and the University Medical College, of New York, and for twenty-five years was engaged in a successful 74 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. practice in New York, which he rehnquished some years since in consequence of failing licaltli. and returned to Orange, the place of his birth. Mr. Harrison married Sarah Elizabeth Matthews, a sister of Capt. Ambrose Matthews. Aaron Burr Harrison, seventh child of Aaron and I'hcbe (Crane) Harrison, was born September i8, 1796, at the homestead of his father, which stood nn the present site of the Edison factory, on Valley Road. He was excessively fond of reading and study, and his parents desired to fit him for the ministry, and for his preparatory course he was sent to the Bloomfield Academy, intending to enter Princeton College. He changed his mind, however, preferring the simple farm life which his ancestors had followed. He had never united with any church and could not accept the extreme orthodox theological views required by the religious institutions of that day, and he was not ambitious to enter any other profession. He was associated for a time with his brother-in-law. John Randall, in surveying, and assisted in laying out a number of lots in the upper part of New York City. In his public and private life he was above reproach, and few men — even professing Christians — have ever lived nearer to the golden rule. I lis love for his fellow-men was very strong and he delighted in doing good and making others happy. He inherited a part of the homestead property and acquired additional acres, owning at one time about one hundred acres in different parts of Orange. His largest holdings extended from near the centre of Llewellyn Park some distance beyond the line of the Watchung branch of the Eric R. R. He cultivated his farm for many years until the rise in values made it no longer profitable. He sold some fifteen or twenty acres in Llewellyn Park to Mr. Haskell, and by degrees parted with much of his other property. .Soon after disposing of his property in Llewellyn Park, he removed to the old C\-rus Jones homestead, on Main Street, East Orange, opposite the Munn Avenue Presb\tcrian Church, the birthplace of his wife. Here he spent the remainder of his days in peace and happiness, respected by his neighbors and honored by his fellow-citizens. He was always known as Major Harrison, having early in life received his commission as Major of the Orange Infantry regiment. He possessed all the elements of leadership and his judgement was never questioned. Until the breaking out of the Civil War he was a Jackson democrat, but the action of the South in seceding from the Union aroused all the latent patriotism of his nature antl he became one of the most ardent supporters of the government, doing all in his power to encourage enlistments and assist those who entered the ranks of the Union army, h'rom the beginning of the war to the close of his life he continued in the ranks of the Republican party. While never especially active in local or State politics he was a man whose fitness for positions of honor and trust was universally acknowledged, and before the division of the Oranges he served on the Township Committee, acted as Township Treasurer, was for many years a member and Director of the Board of Chosen Freeholders. In public life he did everything he could to encourage and lu-l]i along the growth of his native town. He welcomed the baisiness man from the city who came here to seek a home, and was heartily in favor of every improvement desired by the new-comers. He believed in having good roads, well lighted streets and above all, the best educational facilities for the masses that could be pro\ided. and willingly submitted to increased taxation for that purpose. He gave the land for the village school which stood on the site of the present hotel on Valley Road, near Washington Street. In this little village school- house his own children were instructctl in the rudimentary branches. In the march of improvement when better facilities were required, the little school-house was removed and is now used as a barn on the premises of Mrs. Dunston, a daughter of Mr. Harrison, who resides with her sister Caroline in the pretty cottage erected by her late husband, situated on Valley Road, facing Washington Street. During the latter years of his life Mr. Harrison was occupied mostly in the care of his real estate. He was for many years a member of the Board of Directors of the Orange National Bank and a regular attendant at its meetings. He was a man of domestic tastes and very fond of his home and children. He married, about 1821, Caroline, daughter of Cyrus Jones, son of Cornelius, of Joseph (2), of Joseph (i), son of John Jones, the ancestor. Theirchildren were: Cyrus Jones, married Harriet Simmons; Phebe Jones, married William Dunster, of Morris County, N. J., died September 5, 1885; Lydia Louisa, AARON BURR HARRISON. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 75 iiiariicd Dr. C. A. Lindsley, a distinguislied physician of New Haven, Conn., and Secretary of the Connecticut State Hospital from 1S65 to 1877. He is a native of Orange, son of John Lindsley, of Daniel, of Nathaniel, of Ebenezer (2), of Ebenczer (1), of Francis, of the Newark Colony, son of John, the Bran ford ancestor. Matilda, the third child of Aaron Burr Harrison, married Henry Powlcs, of East Orange. Their children are: Charles Van Zandt, deceased, Aaron Burr, Caroline, Harriet. Cyrus Jones Harrison, the eldest, recently purchased a farm in Maryland. His eldest child, Cyrus Melville, resides with him, assisting in the management of the farm. He has had other chiklren, viz.: Ida Lydia, Herbert, died young. Josephine, Samuel, deceased. Charles Van Zandt, the fifth child of Aaron Burr and Caroline (Jones) Harrison, left two children — Aaron liurr and Charles Herbert. Amos HakkisoN, second chiUl of Matthew and Martha (Dod) Harrison, was born at tlie liomestcad in Orani,'e, September 10, 1755. He was a man of more than ordinary ability and held positions of trust antl honor in the county. He was commissioned Major of Essex Battalion, June 5, 1793, was Justice of the Peace for a long term of years. He was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1813. and held that position until his death. He was made Presidential elector in 1808, casting his \-ote for James Madison. He was elected elder of the First Presbyterian Church in 1799, continuing for some years. He lived on the Valley Road, in the house now known as " Walnut Cottage." He married, first, Martha Condit, daughter of Col. David Condit. He married, second, Sarah (Munn) Dodd, widow of Matthew Dodd. His children, all by his first wife, were: Keturah, born October 31, 1774, died young; Japhia, born September 7, 1776; Keturah, again, born April 16, 1779, died young; Johanna and David, twins, born June 10, 1781; Daniel, born September 10, 1783; Bethuel, born February 8, 1789; Amos, born January 9, 1791 ; Abiatliar, born March 9, 1793 ; Rhoda, born October 19, 1795. AlUATHAR Harrison was born at the homestead of his father, in Orange, March 9, 1793, died January 31, 1867. He was a man of high standing in the community. He served two terms in the State Legislature and held other public positions. He married, first, Phebe Freeman, June 25, 1813; second, Elizabeth, daughter of Caleb Williams, November 28, 1816. His children were: Phebe, born November 25, 1817; Sarah, born December 20, 1819, died December 24, 1878; Susan Elizabeth, born January 29, 1822, 'married Nathan W. Pierson ; Mary Adeline, born May 9, 1825 ; Harriet Newell, born March 20, 1828; Albert Williams, born J.muary 21, 1831 ; Amos, born January 20, 1834, died July 27, 1840. Mary Adeline Harrison, daughter of Abiathar, married Joseph Duryea Harrison, born July 3, 1822, a descendant of Joseph, son of Sergeant Richard Harrison. They had issue, Ale.vander Lee, Elizabeth A., Henry Lewis, Harriet Newell, Amy Duryea, Helen Mary. Albert W. Harrison, son of Abiathar, was born January 21, 1S31. He married Angeline Crane, daughter of Ira Crane, a descendant of Jasper through Azariah Crane. Albert W. resides in Fairfa.x County, Va. His children are: Clara Billings, Margaret Norwood, Mary Curtis and Albert Russell. Line of Joseph Harrison, son of Sergeant Richard. JosKiii Harrison, second son of Sergeant Richard Harrison and brother of Samuel, was born at Milford, in 1649, and came with his parents to Newark. The Newark Records show that "On June 13, 1679, fifty-nine acres of upland were surveyed to Joseph Harrison." It was bounded "on the north by the lands of Benjamin Harrison (brother of Joseph) and on the northwest by Perroth's Brook." He had one hundred acres fronting on the north side of the highway, now Main Street, from a point two hundred and fifty feet west of Ridge Street to Parrow Brook and bounded on the north by land of Amos Williams. This probably included the land of his brother Benjamin. He married Dorcas Ward, daughter of Sergeant John Ward, and had Richard, Joseph, Stephen, Nathaniel, Elizabeth, married Caleb Baldwin, Phebe, married John Ward. Mary. •jt The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Joseph Harrison (2), second child of Joseph (1) and Dorcas (Wardj Harrison, was born in 1697 and lived in what is now Orange. He married, first, Martha Sargeant and, second, Mary Tompkins, daughter of Micah. His children were : Hannah, born 17 14, married Samuel Williams, son of Samuel; Dorcas, born 1725, married Benjamin Lindsley ; David, married Sarah Day, second, Phebe Dod ; Phebe, married Samuel Pierson ; Martha, married Josiah Ouinby; Marj-, married Judge John Peck; Sarah, born 1736, married David Dod, son of John; Joannah, married Cornelius Jones; Elizabeth, married Jonathan Williams; Richard, born 1743; Jared, born 1745: Joseph, born 1747; Lydia. born 1750, married Zebulon Jones. Nathaniel Harrison, fourth child of Joseph (i) and Dorcas (Ward) Harrison, was born in 1705 and died in 1779. His farm was located in East Orange, on the ridge through which Harrison Street now runs. The name of his wife is not known. His children were : Stephen, Ichabod. Phebe, Dorcas, married Capt. Thomas Williams, Sarah. Stephen, the eldest son of Nathaniel, married Lydia, daughter of Matthew Wilh'ams, and had Abigail, Joseph, Abial, Martha, married Jabez Pierson, Mary, Eunice, Rufus. Abial, son of Stephen, married Elizabeth Lyon, aiul had Lydia, Stephen, Sarah. .A.bby. Hannah. Elizabeth, Eliza, Richard V,., born August 9, 1806. THE JONES FAMILY. John Jones, the ancestor of this branch of tlie Jones famil\\ tradition says, came from Wales. He was the father of John, Moses and Josepli. Joseph Jones, the immediate ancestor of the Jones famih' of Orange, was born in i6Si,died in 1753. He owned large tracts of l.nul near the head of the present Main Street, in Orange, to the foot of and on the mountain. On June 18, 171 1, he conveys to John Suydenham "a certain tract of lanil in the limits of Newark b\- the road that leads to the Mountain * * * bounded east by Peleg Shores, and north and west by my own land, and south b)' said highwa\-, containing four acres." June 2, 1718, Joseph Jonesand Hannah Jones, his wife, convey to Nathaniel Ward * * * " a certain parcel of land upon the road that leads to the Mountain, being part of the land upon which I now dwell, upon the eastern part of said lot, containing twenty-one and a half acres, bounded easter]\- with Huntington's land, and northeasterly with Azariah Crane's, and westerly and southerly with the high- way " — Northfield Road. " Executed before Joseph Harrison and Jonathan Crane, two of His Majesty's Justices of the Common Pleas." Joseph Jones married Hannah , born 1678, and had issue, Samuel, born 1706. Samuel Jones, son of Joseph and Hannah ( ) Jones, was born in 1706, died October 18, 1764, aged 56; he was buried in the old Orange cemetery. He married Elizabeth Morris, probably daughter of John Morris, Jr., son of Capt. John. His children were; John, born 1736; Hannah, born 173S; Josepli, born 1739; Cornelius, born 1741 ; James, born 1743; Sarah, born 1745: Capt. Zebulon, born 1747; Elizabeth, born 1749; Mary, born 1750; Phebe, born 1753; Lydia, born 1755. Joseph Jones, third child of Samuel antl Hannah ( ) Jones, was born in Orange, November 17, 1739. He probably inherited lands from his father. His homestead was on the northwest corner of the present Maple Avenue and Main Street, in East Orange. He served with the Essex County militia in the War of the Revolution. He married Phebe, daughter of Nathaniel Harrison, born May 28, 1739, died October 11, 1833. He had among other children, a son, Ichabod. Ichabod Jones, son of Joseph and Phebe (Harrison) Jones, was born at the homestead, in what is now East Orange, in 1778. He was a carpenter and joiner and carried on a successful business for some years. He married Rhoda, daughter of John and Ruth (Harrison) Munn, and had issue, Polly, born December 27, 1798; John M., born March 2, 1802; Marita, born June 12, 1809; Nancy, born February 27, 181 1 ; Phebe, born May 4, 1789; Alfred, born June 10, 1S15 ; William, born April 30, 1818. The Founders and Ruilders of the Oranges. 77 Alfred Jones, sou of Ichabod and Rlioda (Munn) Jones, was liorn at the homestead of his father, corner of North Maple Avenue and Main Street, East Oranjje, June lo, 1815. He was self-educated and served an apprenticeship with the late Stephen Dodd at tlie carpenter's trade. He subsequently formed a co-partnership with Mr. E. O. Doremus(the present Vice-President of the American Insurance Company, of Newark), and the firm did a large and successful business for many years. Some of the finest and most substantial houses in the township of East Orange were erected by this firm. Mr. Jones was a skillful mechanic, conscientious, painstaking, reliable and trustworthy, and those with whom he had dealings were among his warmest friends. He never took any active part in public affairs but was a man of progressive ideas and gave encouragement to all public improvements. He was modest and unassuming in his manner and was hii;hly respected by his fellow-citizens and bclo\ed by those who enjoyed his friendship. He was an early member of the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church, having united with it during the pastorate of Rev. Mr. Pierson. He was an exemplary Christian and All KK.irjciNE.s. labored earnestly to advance the cause of religion. He engaged actively in works of benevolence and endeavored faithfully to live up to the golden rule. As a member of Lafayette Lodge, L O. O. F., he was in hearty sympathy with the principles of the order and exemplified its teachings in his readiness to respond to every appeal for assistance from the distressed worthy brethren of the order. The esteem in which he was held in the community was shown in the large gathering of his friends and relatives on the fiftieth anniversary of his marriage— the golden wedding— January 6, 1891. He married Margaret E. Peck, daughter of William Peck, si.xth in descent from Joseph, the ancestor of the Peck family, of East Orange (^see history of Peck family). She was a sister of James Peck, one of the most prominent citizens of East Orange. The issue of this marriage was: William A. and Harriet Louisa, who married Charles M. Decker, a leading merchant of the city of Orange, and President of the Orange National Bank. William AguSTUS Jone.S, eldest child of Alfred and Margaret (Peck) Jones, was born in the house adjoining the Brick Church, on Main Street, East Orange, October 26, 1841. He received a good education, attending the public and private schools. Among his tutors were Dr. Berrj- and Mr. Alonzo Brackett, a brother-in-law of the Rev. Dr. White, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church. After .serving an apprenticeship with his father at the carpenter's trade he, in 1862, entered the employ of John M. Randall, lumber dealer, at Newark, N. J. Later he became the junior partner of the firm of Randall, Swain & Co. In 1875 Mr. Randall withdrew and the business was continued under the firm name of Swain & Jones. The funi has held a leading position in the lumber trade and carries on a general trade throughout the State in addition to its extensive local trade. Mr. Jones has confined himself strictly to his line of business and has never engaged in other enterprises. He is a member of the Lumber Dealers' Association of New Jersey, of which his firm was one of the founders. During the 78 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. year 1892 Mr. Jones served as President of the Association. He is also a member of the Orange Athletic Association. In 1862 he married Lucy Miriam Andrew, daughter of the late George Andrew, of Cheshire, England. Their children are: Mary E., Jennie A., Winnifred L., Nora ^I., Albert E., William A., Jr. and Maude. Line of Cornelius, son of Sannuel, of Joseph, of John Jones. Cornelius, Jcxks, fourth child of Samuel and Elizabeth (Morris) Jones, was born in Orange, September 27, 1741. He served as private in the Essex Militia, in the War of the Revolution. His house and farm was plundered by the Hessians and stripped of everything movable. He married Joanna Harrison, daughter of Joseph, and had issue, Cjriis, born 1770; Nancy, married Moses Williams, son of Capt. Tom Williams; Naomi, married Enos Lyon, Matthias, Martha, Joanna, married Daniel Matthews. '^:Z/i^.> eldest child of Cornelius and Jemima (Harrison) Jones, was born in Orange, He engaged in the manufacture of hats in 1790, on the west side of Main Street, in East Orange, near the junction. He enjoyed excellent health up to a short time before his death, and lacked onI\- about three months of being one hundred years old. lie married Jemima, daughter of Benjamin Munn, and had children. Finer ]'a)iZaiit, L\-dia, I'hebc, Caroline; the latter married Aaron Burr Harrison. ViNER Van Zant Jones, son of Cyrus and Jemima 1 Mumi ) Jones, was born at the homestead, in East Orange, October 27. 1794. He also engaged in the manufacture of hats. He married, Harriet Condit, daughter of Samuel, and had two children, only one of whom survived — Samuel C, born September 17, 1819. Viner Van Zant died September 30, 1823. Samuel C. Jones, son of Viner Van Zant and Harriet (Condit) Jones, was born at the homestead, in what is now East Orange, September 17, 1819. He has been for many years Secretarj^ of the Newark Lime and Cement Co. He is a leading member and an elder in the Munn Avenue (or First) Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. Married Mary O. Kilburn, daughter of Daniel ; no children. THE LINDSLEY FAMILY. This name is variously spcUetl Linle, Linle\-, Linsley and Lindsley. The name was originally Linesley, and there is a town of that name in County Lancaster, England, where this family had their seat. They bore : Anns — Sable, a lion rampant between eight crosses pattce fitchee argent. Crest. — An arm in armour, embowed, holding in the glove a sabre, all ppr. John and Francis Linley emigrated from a place not far to the southwest of London and settled in the New Haven Colony about 1640. John Linlej- took the oath of fidelity to the New Haven Colony, July T, 1644. The names of John and P'rancis Linley appear on the New Haven Records the following year in a suit for " damadges " as follows: " Stephen Medcalfe complayned that he was going into the house of John Linley, F"rancis Linlej', his brother, being in the house, told him he would sell him a "unne, the said Stephen asked him if it were a good one, he answered )ea, as any was in the towne." The "gunne" proved defective as was shown by the result and the finding of the court. "The court considering the premises, the great tlamailge Stephen Medcalfe had susteyned in the losse of his e_\'e, w''' the losse of his time and the great chardge of the cure, Mr. Pell affirming it was worth 10'. ordered Francis Linley to pay to Stephen Medcalfe 20' damadges." Branford, formerly Totoket. was established as a plantation in 1644 and the names of John and Francis Linley appear on the records in 1646. Thej^ were ])robabl)- among the first planters. John remained at Branford, where he died, his children having settled " ancient Woodbury." p-RANClS Linley came with the first settlers to Newark, and his name appears among the forty additional settlers who signed the " p-undamental Agreement," June 24, 1667. In the first division of " home lots," he drew No. 44. He also had his division of meadow land and a " lot in the Great Neck." NELSON LINDSLEY. TlIK FnUNDERS AND l^fll.nKRS OK TIIF, ORAXGES. 79 He obtained patents for several tracts of land, part of which was in the ri',du of Ebenczcr Canfield. Amon;4 the records of the New Jersey Historical Society are copies of several deeds of Francis and Khcnczer, his son. He was a larye landholder, hut does not appear to have taken a prominent part in the town affairs. His "lidnie lott " was on the corner of the present Market and High Streets. His chiUlren born in Branford were: Deborah, born 1656; Ruth, born 165S; Ebciiczer, born 1665; John, born in Newark, 1667; also Benjamin, Joseidi ami Jonathan. SECONU OKNtCRA-TIOM. EUENEZKK I.INUSI.EV, eldest .son and third child of Francis Lindsley, was born in ]5ranford, Conn., in 1665; was brought with his parents to Newark two years later. His children were : Hannah, born 1693; Ebenezer, born 1696; Josiah, Elihu and Benjautin, born 171 5. THIRD GENERATION. ]5i;x|..\Mix LiNDSl.KN', \oungest child of Ebenezer Lindsley, was born in Newark, in 1715. That he li\ed and owned pinperty in what is now Orange is shown b_\- the fact that lie was one of the subscribers to the amount of £() to the " second meeting-house," in 1753. He married Mar)- Morris, daughter of John Morris, son of Capt. John Morris, and had issue, yo/iii, known as "Judge John," born 1752, Sarah, Elizabeth. FOURTH AND KIKTH OENERATIONS. John Lindsley, eldest child and only son of Benjamin and Mary (Morrisj Lindsley, was born in that ])art of Newark now known as South Orange, in 1752. His name appears among the subscribers to the " Parish Sloop," in 1784. John Lindsley and Aaron Munn were appointed acommittee to meet the committee of the Newark Church to try and "accomidate the difference existing between Newark Church and the Cliurcii of Orange, respecting the lower parsonage." At the " usual Fourth of July celebration," held in 1 8 14, John Lindsley, Esq., with Major Abraham Winans, were the '' bearers of the National standard." This honor was always accorded to the leading men in the town. In the early records he is mentioned as "Judge John." lie was Justice of the I'eace for a number of years and afterwards Associate Judge of one of the Count}' courts until his death. Jmlgejohn Lindsley married Lhcbe Baldwin, daughter of Israel Baldwin, and had issue, Lydia, Sarah, Mar\- 1 Squire Stephen D. Day married .Sarah, and on her decease, married Maryi, Matilda, jfo/in Morris, born 1784, Benjamin, Phebe, Eliza. John Mdruis Lindsley. son of Judge John and Phebe 1 Baldwin 1 Lindsley, was born in Orange, in 1784. He was a leading man in the community and was one of the first to start a country store. He was associ- ated with his brother-in-law, Stephen D. Day, until 1806, when the firm was dissolved and the business continued b\- Mr. Lindsle\- in john mokkis i.indslf.v. 8o The Founders and Bitii.dkrs or the Oranges. tlie store built for the firm on the easterly corner of Cone Street, the site of which is now occupied by the Orange Savings Bank. lie continued to do a thriving business for many years and was recognized as one of the leading and most enterprising merchants in Essex County. Wiien his sons Nelson and George arrived at the proper age t]ie\- were taken into partnersliip and the business continued as John M. Lindsley & Sons until his death. In 1850, Nelson and George established the coal business, being the first to introduce its use in Orange. They built up an extensive business in this line and gradually reduced their stock of general merchandise, limiting it to that of coal and hardware. While taking no prominent part in politics, he encouraged improvements in every direction and had great faith in the ultimate development of his native town. He witnessed its growth from a simple farming district to a flourishing township, which gradually ^ developed into a prosperous city. He married Charlotte Taylor, Ja a descendant of Rev. Daniel Taylor, the first pasto Mountain Society. His children were : Nelson, born A 1808; Romana A., married I'hilip Kingsley, the first kiw)-cr (jf Orange, afterwards. Locke Catlin; John; Ann E., marricc Edward Truman Ilillyer; James Girard, George. ir of the ^^--y^^i "gust 23, ^^^///c SIXTH QENEDRATION. Nelson Lindsley, eldest child of John Morris and Charlotte (Taylor) Lindsley, was born at the homestead of his father, on the corner of Main and Cone Streets, on the site now occupied by his son as a hardware store, August 23. 1808. He attended the public school and the Orange Acadeni)', and entered his father's store as clerk and, together with his brother George, succeeded to the business. In 1862 the new brick building was erected on the opposite corner, and for twenty years the firm was the most prosperous of any in the county outside of Newark. In 18S3, owing to increasing weakness, Nelson withdrew from the firm, the business being continued by his brother. Mr. Lindsley had no desire for politics or social life, but was a staunch republican and always a leader in every movement tending to improve the town or benefit his neighbors. He was especially active in the movement made in 1857 to secure better facilities on the Morris and Essex Road. He was one of a committee which waited upon the managers of the Morris and Esse.x Railroad to protest, in the name of Orange, against an incre;ise of fares to New York and Newark, of fifty and twenty- five [)cr cent. He continued to agitate the matter until the object was accomplished. He also assisted in securing the incorporation of Orange as a town. The agitation was begun in 1S59, •^"'^' ''^ called to order the first public meeting held to consider that question, in Willow Hall, No\ember 17, 1859. He was elected to represent the Third Ward in the following year, wiien the first Town Committee was organized. He served one term of three years. Mr. Lindsley was President of the Rosedale Cemetery Association for many years and spent much of his time in bringing the cemeterj' to that state of development which has since characterized it. Under the oV\ militia s\'stem he took an active interest in military affairs and was adjutant of tlie Fifth Regiment, Esse.x Brigade. There were few men who occupied a more important position or exercised greater influence in the community. He was a devoted husband and a model father. He married Ann Harrison, daughter of Caleb Harrison (son of Caleb, of George, of George, of Sergeant Richard), and had issue, Charlotte, Edward, Anna, married, first, Farrand Dodd, secoiul, Orrin S. Wood; John N., Walter. Mi. Lindsley tlied Sunday, July I, 1888. George Lindsley, youngest child of John IMorris and Charlotte (Taylor) Lindsley. was born at the homestead of his father, corner of Main ami Cone Streets, in 1821. He was educated at the public school and Orange Academ)-, and began his business career as clerk in his father's store. His father subsequently retired from active participation in the business ami a new co-partnership was formed under the firm name of J. M. Lindsley & Sons, composed of Nelson and George Lindsley. The 4S»w«v. GEORGE LINDSLEY. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 8i character of the business was changed, the new firm giving iij) the dry goods and continuing with groceries and hardware, and the coal business which they had already taken up as an independent hne. Tlie new firm continued at the old stand on the southeast corner of Main and Cune Streets for several years. Ahnut iSOo, j. M. I.indsley made a division of iiis property and the west corner came into the possession of N. & G. Lindslcy, who erected tiie brick building on the site of the old homestead, where they continued to do business until the failing health of Nelson necessitated his retirement, George then assuming control, being associated with Jolm N.. the son of Nelson. George Lindsley was a public-spirited man and took great interest in the development of Orange, and to his enterprise and energy are due many of the improvements that have made Orange conspicuous as a suburban city. He was an ardent republican, an earnest worker for his party, and his influence could always be felt in his ward on election day. Few members of his party did so much personal work on such occasions as he. He represented his ward in the Common Council and in the Board of Chosen Freeholders. He was one of the original incorporators of the Orange Savings Bank. He was a member of the First Presbyterian Church, a member of the Board of Deacons and for many years a member of the Board of Trustees. He was a shrewd business man and accumulated considerable real estate during his life. He was very accommodating to his friends and allowed them the use of his name or money, and often to his sorrow. Mr. Lindsley married Henrietta Matilda, a sister of General Alfred Munn, and a daughter of William Munn, son of Aaron, son of Benjamin, son of John Munn, the ancestor of the Newark branch of the family. The issue of this marriage was: Frank, died in infancy; Stuart, Emma Louisa, Laura Matilda, Kate Munn. died in infancy, Cliarles Alfred, tiara Augusta, born 1862, died 1SS6. SEVENTH QENERATION. John NicoL Lindsley, fourth child of Nelson and Ann (Harrison) Lindsley, was born on the cor- ner of Centre and Reuck Streets, Orange, November 23, 1846. He attended the public school and com- pleted his education at the Orange Academy. Desirous of obtaining a more thorough knowledge of general business affairs than could be acquired in his native town, he went to New York city and entered the employ of the Russell & Erwin Manufacturing Co., where he remained six- years. When his father retired from business, in 18S5, on account of failing health, John N. returned to Orange and took his place in the firm, being associated with his Uncle George. On the death of the latter, Charles A., his youngest son, became his successor, and was associatetl with John N., for a time in the coal ami hardware business. In 1S89 there was a division made, Charles \. taking the coal and John N. the hardware business. He enlarged and made manj' changes in this line, adding a greater variety of goods anil doing a more extensive trade than was carried on either by his father or grandfather. He is a man of great force, energy and determination of character. Although taking no active part in politics, he is an ardent Republican, and true to the principles represented by his party. He is manager of the Orange Savings Bank, one of the oldest institutions of the kind in this part of the country. Mr. Lindsley mar- ried Ella, daughter of Napoleon Stetson, of Orange, a descendant of Robert Stetson, the ancestor of the family, born in Scotland in 1612, and settled in Scituate, Mass. Three children are the issue of this marriage, viz. : Mary, iVnna and Isabel. Stuaut Lindsley, eldest son of George and Henrietta Matilda (Munn) Lindsley, was born in Orange, February 18, 1849. ^^ attended the public school and also the well-known private school kept by the Misses Robinson, and later the Newark Academy, and was graduated at the School of Mines of Columbia College in 1870. The first year after his graduation he was engaged in the private laboratory of Professor Charles A. Chandler, as analytical chemist. He then took up civil engineering, and for the next five years was engineer of the Dundee Water Power and Land Co., having charge of the company's works at Passaic, N. J. During a portion of the time he was also City Engineer of Passaic City, and also engaged in private work in the line of his profession. In 1S73, there being a general business 82 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. depression in the East, he accepted an offer to go as chemist to the Union Consolidated Mining Co., of Tennessee, an extensive copper mining and smelting company, located at Ducktown, Tenn. In 1879 he went to Leadville, Col., and engaged as assayer with the Gage Hagaman Smelting Co., proprietors of one of the early silver lead smelting works of that place ; subsequently he accepted a similar position with the Chrysolite Silver Mining Co. He removed thence to Clifton, Arizona, and was appointed superintendent and metallurgist of the Detroit Copper Co., and afterwards filled the same position with the Royal Gorge Smelting Co., at Canyon City, Col., also doing other \\ork in the \\'est in the line of expert in mining, &c. Mr. Lindsley returned East in 1887, and soon after engaged in business in his native town. He formed a co-partnership with Robert Wright for the purpose of carrying on business as road contractors and builders, under the firm name of Wright & Lindsley. After the death of his father, he joined his brother, Charles A., who had already succeeded to the coal business of his father, and formed a new co- partnership in the same line, under the firm name of S. & C. A. Lindsley, his cousin, by mutual consent, having taken the hardware business. About this time the property on the southwest corner of Main and Cone Streets having been left to him and his brother by their father's will, they enlarged the build- ing, adding some seventy-five feet on the west side of the corner brick building. Mr. Lindsley continued his connection with Mr. Wright, and with him also formed a separate branch as engineers and contractors for the "construction and equipment of steam and electric railways, power and mining plants," etc. Mr. Lindsley organized the Essex County Electric Co., of which he is the manager. This company supplies Orange and West Orange with the electric light, but possesses abund- ant facilities for extending operations to other parts of the county. Mr. Lindslej' is one of the few descendants of the " Founders of the Oranges," who have continued the work begun by their ancestors, and is w'orthy to be classed among the advanced Guilders, to whose energy, enterprise and business sagacity, the citj' of Orange owes its great prosperity. His long experi- ence in the West developed the characteristics inherited from his ancestors, awakening within him the spirit of self-reliance and confidence, to which he owes his success in his various business enterprises. Mr. Lindsley married Katharine Elizabeth Merrill, daughter of John Leonard Merrill, a descendant of Nathaniel Merrill, the ancestor, one of the founders of Newburyport, Mass., in 1635. Their children are George Leonard, Lucy Merrill. Alice, Horace Nelson and Girard. Charles Alfred Lindsley, second son of George and Henrietta Matilda (Munn) Lindsley, was born on Day Street, Orange, April 30, 1859. Studious, earnest and thoughtful as a child, he developed the same characteristics as a man. He began his studies in the public school, and after graduating at the Orange High School, he was prepared for college under a private tutor, and was graduated from Princeton in 1882. He soon after entered his father's employ as a clerk, and after the death of the latter formed a new co partnership with his cousin, John N. Lindsley, and continued for a time in the coal and hardware business established by his father. Three years later a division of interests took place, John N. Lindsley having withdrawn by mutual consent, taking the hardware business as his share, and a new co-partnership was formed in the coal business with Stuart and Charles A., under the firm name of S. & C. A. Lindsley. The latter continued to develop this branch of the business, and became connected also with other enterprises. He is interested with his brother in the Essex County Electric Co., of which he is Secretary. He is a director of and assisted in organizing the Second National Bank. He is a member of the Board of School Commissioners, and having in early life enjoyed the benefit of the excellent school system for which Orange is famous, he is naturally interested in maintaining its reputation and a.ssisting in the further educational development. In religious matters Mr. Lindsley adheres to the church of his ancestors, but is in sympathy with the more advanced and liberal ideas of modern Presbyterianism. He is an elder in the First Presby- terian Church, and an earnest supporter of its able and liberal-minded pastor. As Treasurer of the Board of Trustees, he looks carefully after the financial affairs of the church. He is also a teacher in the -Sab- bath School, and a faithful laborer in the various branches of church work. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 83 lie nianictl Miss Emily M. Decker, daugliter of Frank Decker, Esq., of Rochester, N. V., a descend- ant, probably, of Abraham Decker, who came from Holland about the middle of the scventeentli cen- tury, and settled near Albanw N. V. Henjaiiiiii I-indsley, son of Judge Joseph Lindsley, of the fourth generation, was born about 1786. He married Mary, daughter of Joseph Camp — son of Joseph ('2), Joseph (i), son of Samuel, son of William Camp, one of the original settlers, who came from Milford to Newark in 16O6. Benjamin Lindsley hid, among other children, a son, Joseph C , who was the father of Mrs. Frazar, of Orange. THE MANDEVILLE FAMILY. The Mandeviilcs of America all have a common origin and are descended from one of the oldest and most distinguished families of France. An inscription on a plate over the gate at the entrance of Rouen, in Norniand\', France, from whence the family came originally, shows that they had achieved great distinction in the early history of that ancient city. When William, Duke of Normandy, "the Conqueror," passed over into England, A. D. 1066, he was accompanied by one Godfridus de Mannavilla, who, on the distributory lands and lordships which afterwards took place, was very liberally rewarded for his services. A grandson of the latter was the first Earl of Essex. Giles Jansen De Mande\ille, the American ancestor of this famil}', fled from the city of Rouen, Normandy, F" ranee, to Holland, and in the province of Guilderland : he married Elsje Hendricks, about 1640. He rccei\ed from the Dutcli Go\ernment a grant of land at Flatbush, L. L, and came to this country in 1647, on the ship " Faith," in company with Peter Stu\'vesant, afterwards Go\-ernor of the colony, who was a great friend of the family and who, later, gave his friend Mandeville a grant of land on the Hudson River, extending from Ganzevoort Street upwards and including the present Abington S(|uare, which was then the family burying-ground. The locality was Greenwich village. SECOND GENERATION. Hendrick Mandeville, the eldest cliild of Giles Jansen De Mande\ille, came into possession of the I'latbLisli, L. L, property, which he sold and removed to Pompton Plains, N. J. He was twice married and had six children, viz.: David, Peter, Antje, Johannis, Hendrick and Giles. THIRD GENERATION. Giles Mandeville, youngest child of Hendrick, was born at Pompton Plains, N. J., January 25, 1708, died August 8, 1776. His first residence was in a log house, which was destroyed by fire in 1742. He built a stone house on the same site which is still standing. He married Leah Brucn or Brown and had eight children, viz.: Hendrick (3), born 1732; Elizabeth, born 1736; William, born 1739; Johannis, born 1740: .Anthony, born ^Lirch 7, 1742; Grietje, GWc?,, A l>r aha Jii. KOIJKrH GENERATION. AiiKAilAM ALvNDliViLLE, youngest child of Giles and Leah (Brown) Mandeville, was born at PompttMi Plains, N. J., October 25, 1750. He was a man of considerable means and influence in the community. He married Antje Van Wagoner. Their children were: Catherine, born August 7, 1775, died in infancy; Gellis, or Giles, born November 29, 1777; Cornelius, born November 20, 1779; William, born May 20, 1782; Helmah, born August i8, 1785; Abram. born May 14, 178S ; Catherine, again, born July 24, 1789; Leah, born June 8, 1795. 84 The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. Giles MaXDEVILLE, eldest living child of Abraham and Antje (Van Wagoner) Mandeville, was born at Pompton Plains, N. J., November 29, 1777, died in Orange. June 14, 1863. He was a prosperous farmer and a man of more than ordinary intelligence, possessed of a retentive memorj' and fond of books of which he had a large and varied collection. He was well informed on the leading topics of the day and was a man of much ability and influence. He was the founder of the Orange branch of the family, having settled here in 1800, being then a young man of twenty-two. He was interested in educational matters and founded the first public library ever established in the Oranges, his own collection of books form- ing the nucleus. It was well patronized b\' the young men of the day who derived great benefit from it, and Mr. Mandeville was recognized as a public benefactor. He died June 14, 1863, and was buried in the old Orange burj-ing-ground, afterward removed to Rosedale Cemetery. He was a man of honest convictions, but simple and unaffected in his manner. In appearance and personal characteristics he showed the hereditary traits of the family. He married Sally, daughter of Henry Wick, of Morristown, N. J., and had issue, Abraham, yanies Camp, Eliza- beth, married Cyrus Baldwin (see Baldwin family), Henry Sears, and Preston. Giles Mandeville married, second, Abigail Crane, a descendant of Jasper Crane, who married the daughter of Governor Treat, of Con- necticut, and one of the original settlers of Newark. SIXTH GENERATION. Abraham Mandeville. eldest child of Giles and Sally (^Wick) Mandeville, was born in Orange, August 27, 1805. He was educated at Colonel Chester Robin- son's school and later engaged in mercan- tile affairs and held many offices of trust and honor. He was Coroner and was for fifteen years Justice of the Peace. He was one of the incorporators of the Orange Savings bank and continued on the board of management up to the time of his death. His early connection with the Masonic Fraternity was a notable event in his life, having been raised to the sublime degree of Master Mason, F"ebruary 20, 1827, in Union Lodge, No. 11, only a few weeks before the corner-stone of Masonic Hall was laid. Stephen D. Day, one of the founders of the Lodge, was Grand Junior Warden of the State at the time, and took an active part in the ceremonies. Dr. Daniel Babbitt, who afterwards became Grand Master of the .State, was Worshipful Master of Union Lodge at the time, and from him Mr. Mandeville recei\ed his first lessons in Speculative Masonry, and exemplified its teachings during the remainder of his life. During the anti-Masonic excitement, from GILES MANUKVILI.I-,. Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 85 1836 to 1846, he remained firm and loyal to the Order, and at the time of his death was the oldest living Master Mason in Orange, having been a member of Union Lodge for over half a ccnturj'. When work was resumed by the Lodge, after a lapse of many years, he was among the first to take his ])lace among his brother members. He died in May, 1887, aged 81 years and 9 months. He married Lydia L. Kil- biirn, daughter of Daniel Kilburn. of Orange, a descendant of "Sergeant John " Kilburn, of Wethersfield, Conn., whose ancestry dates back to tiiat of William de Kilbourne. Lord of the manor of Kilbourne in Yorkshire, born A. D., 1 173. The children of Abraham and Lydia L. (Kilburn) Mandeville were: Lewis A., Sarah E., Giles P., Phebe A. and Mary K., who married Joseph A. Minott. James Camp Mandeville, second child of Giles and Sally (Wick) Mandeville, was born in the house, on Main Street (still standing), opposite the Methodist Church, about 1807. He received a good common school education, and learned the trade of coach-making with Hedcnburg, Pickett, Cooper & Co., and was associated with them in business. He made con- siderable money, but through the failure of his old employers, in iS4i,helost it, and was obliged to go to work as a journeyman. He removed to Newark and lived there during the remainder of his life. He mar- ried Caroline \'an Vilsor, of Hempstead, L. L, and had issue Dr. Frederic B. and Anna M., who married Edwin Scudder. i^»^ ■- It is not surprising to find a physician "vV \ * in this branch of the family, as there have ' been se\eral members of the different branches who have attained distinction in this profession. Sir John Maundevillc, born in St. Albans, England, about 1300, was a man of scholastic learning and also acquainted with medicine and natural sci- ence, as understood in that day. Bernard Mandeville, M. D., born at Dordrecht about 1665, was settled as a physician in London, where he died January 21, 1733. Several members of the American branch ha\c been prominent as physicians. SEVENTH OENERAXIOX. JAMF.- Frederick B. Mandeville, eldest .son of James Camp and Caroline (Van Vilsor) Mandeville, was born at 291 Washington Street, Newark, 17th of August, 1840. He evinced early in life a thirst for knowledge and a determination to adopt a professional life. With bright hopes for the future, the father gave him every encouragement, and his preliminary studies were pursued under the direction of Nathan Hedges, Rev. William Bradley, and the distinguished classical teacher. Rev. Dr. Weeks. He completed his preparatory course at the Newark Academy, and soon after entered Rutgers College. At the end of his sophomore years he decided to give up his studies and pursue a mercantile career. He began as clerk in the mercantile establishment of S. R. W. Heath & Co., and soon won the confidence of his employers and was duly promoted. The desire to enter the medical profession returned and he applied himself diligently, during his leisure hours, to the study of such works on 86 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. medicine as would enable him to enter a medical college, lie became interested in the theories of the new school of practice and, at the age of nineteen, entered the New York Homeopathic Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1861. While pleased with the new school of practice, he determined to obtain a knowledge of the old as well, and after completing his course in the first, he entered the New York Medical College from which he received his degree of M. D., in 1863. While pursuing his studies in the latter college he availed himself of the opportunity occasioned by the Civil W^ar and obtained an appointment as medical cadet in the U. S. service, and was assigned duty at the Ward United States Hospital, in Newark. After a brief experience he was promoted to Acting Assistant Surgeon. His experience in this hospital proved of great advantage to him in his subsequent practice. He was associated for a year with Dr. Charles R. Fish, a homeopathic physician, in Newark, N. J. On the latter's removal from Newark, Dr. Mandeville succeeded to his practice. During this period he continued his studies and his mind broadened and expanded and he was led to take a more liberal view of the old and new school and adopt such methods as seemed best adapted to circumstances. The wisdom of this course was soon manifest, and his clientel increased from year to )-ear and the "God bless )-ou " fell from the lips of many who had experienced the benefit of his independent methods. During his long and successful practice, Dr. Mandeville has kept apace with the times, read}' at all times to adopt the best methods of others, even where it conflicted with his pre- conceived theories. He enjoys a high reputation among those of his professional brethren who are not wedded to iron-clatl theories, and is admired for his bold, independent, manly course. In 1869 he was appointed to the chair of Diseases of Children and Hygiene, in the New York Homeopathic Medical College ; his professional duties, however, compelled him to decline the honor. The cause of education has always been one of deepest interest to Dr. Mandeville, and he has never neglected any opportunity to place the best means and facilities within the reach of the masses. He was elected a member of the Board of Education of Newark, in 1872, continuing for nine years, until his removal from the ward, in 1881, necessitated his retirement. For seven years of this period he was chairman of the Teachers' Committee. He was for some years a member of the Newark Hoard of Health, having succeeded Dr. J. D. Brumley to that position in 1882. He was twice President of the Health Board and was chief officer of health for five years under the old regime, and during this period he recommended many changes and improvements which were of great benefit to his native city. He served as President of the new Board of Health for one year. Dr. Mandeville was one of the founders of the New Jersey State Homeopathic Society and served two terms as its President. He is a member of tile New Jersey Medical Club and American Institute, and an honorary member of the New York and Pennsylvania State Homeopathic Societies. He has been for many years a contributor to the medical journals, his articles evincing originality and intlependence of thought as well as careful study and thorough in\estigation. He is a member of the New Jersey Club, composed of phvsicians residing in Union, Hudson, Esse.x and Passaic counties. New Jersey. Dr. Mandeville has been identified with \ariiius business enterprises, which have profited b\' the results of his early business experience. His reputation for business sagacit}- and foresight show that the time spent during his early days in acquring this knowledge was not in vain. He was one of the organizers of the Schuyler Electric Light Co. ; was its first Vice-President, and was its President until its consolidation. He was one of the organizers of the U. S. Industrial Insurance Co., of Newark, which enabled the poorest men to avail themselves of its benefits, relieving want and misery in thousands of cases which the old plan of life insurance, under its costly methods, would have failed to meet. He was its Medical Director and Vice-President, and was elected President in 1892. In his religious connections. Dr. Mandeville was first with the Reformed Dutch Church, afterwards Elder of the Park Presbyterian Church, and when that was removed to the north end of the city he united with the old P"irst Presbyterian Church. He is also a member of St. John's Lodge, F. and A. M., of Newark. Socially, Dr. Mandeville is one of the most genial and entertaining t)f men. Kind hearted ami TiiK Founders and Hrii.DKus ok the Oranges. 87 charitable, he lias always been foremost in performing goods deeds, and relieving those in trouble and distress. He is still in the prime of life ; his physical manhood strong, vigorous and pure. He is be- loved by his associates, as well as by those under him, over whom he exerts a kind and fatherly influ- ence. He married, October 7, 1863, Sarah Tee), daughter of George Tucker Teel, of New York. They had issue, Frederick Allen, born August 17, 1864; Henry C., deceased; Mary, married E. W. S. Johnson, of New York; James Arthur. Frederick Allen Mandevh.I.i:, IM. D., eldest child of Frederick R. and Sarah (Teel) Mandeviilc, was born at the home of his father, on Washington Street, Newark, 17 August, 1864. His early instruc- tion was received at the public schools of Newark, his father being at that time greatly interested in the cause of public education, and a member of the Newark Board of Education. Frederick A. was prepared for college at the Newark Academy, and entered Rutger's in the class of '85, graduating with honor. He was graduateil and rcceivetl his degree of M. D. from the New York Homeopatiiic College, in 1S9O. He established himself at 224 Belleville Avenue, Newark, depending wholly on his own exertions, and at the end of two years had a lucrative practice among the best people of the Eighth ward. In 1892 he made a trip to Europe and took a post-graduate course at the University of Vienna, his preceptois being the eminent Drs. Albert and Bilroth. In 1893, soon after his return home, he combined his own with his father's practice, and formed a co-partnership, which still exists, although Frederick A. has now almost the entire control of it. Like his father, he is not tied down by any iron-clad rules or system, but adopts his methods of treatment to suit each particular case. He loves his profession, and is ready to make any personal sacrifice to achieve success, regardless of the criticisms of those who are wedded to stereotyped methods of cither the old or new school. He has original ideas and has invented and lie- vised apparatus and improved methods which have been of great benefit to the profession. His inventions have been favorably noticed by the press, and had he chosen to avail himself of the commercial ad\antages to be derived therefrom he might have added materially to his exchequer, but in all his inventions he has strictly observed the unwritten code, which debars the profession from reaj)- ing any pecuniar}- benefit from their inventions. Even had there been no barrier. Dr. Mandcville could never be induced to restrict the use of any tlisco\eries of his own that would help to relieve the suffer- ings of his fellow-men. He inherits from his father those strong sympathies for suffering humanity that would lead to great personal sacrifices for the accomplishment of the ends sought. Like one of his dis- tinguished ancestors, his mind runs more in the line scientific than medical research, \-et his researches all tend to increase his medical knowledge. He is a member of the New York Microscopical Society, the Academy of Sciences, the Torrey Botancal Club, the MacKeon Club, and the several Columbia Col- lege Societies. THE MITCHELL FAMILY. Probable Line of Descent of Lewis, Aaron H. and George L. JVIitchell, of Ea«t Orange. The name of Mitchell is, according to Douglass, of considerable antiquity, and flourished in the central counties of Scotland, where several families held the rank of lesser barons. According to Burke this family bore : Arms. — Sable a fesse between three mascles or within a bordure chequy of the second and first. Crest. — Three ears of barley conjoined in the stalk ppr. Motto. — Sapiens qui assiduus. [He is wise who is assiduous.] The American ancestor of the Connecticut branch of the family, Matthew Mitchell, came to this country with Rev. Richard Mather in the "James," from Bristol, England, in 1635, bringing with him children, David and Jonathan antl perhaps others. He removed to Concord and soon to Springfield, Mass.; there signed the contract with Pynchon and others in May, 1636; soon after removed to Say- brook, Conn., for a short time where, in the Pequot war, he was protected by Lyon Gardener. He was a representative to the General Court of Connecticut in 1637. He died in Stamford, Conn., in 1645. James Mitchell, supposed to be a son of Matthew, settled in Elizabeth, N. J., where he died previ- 88 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ous to 1684. His widow received an allotment of 125 acres at Westbrook, near Rahway Road. She died in 168S. Her son, Jacob, was admitted an Associate in 1699-1700, and drew No. 107 of the 100 acre lots on the Woodbridge line. Lewis Mitchell, of East Orange, was probabU- a descendant of Matthew Mitcliell, through James and Jacob, of Elizabeth. He was bora about 1793 and was early left an orphan and adopted by a family in East Orange. He married Mary Ann, daughter of Joseph Peck, son of Judge John Peck, son of Deacon Joseph, of Joseph, Joseph Joseph, the ancestor. The Pecks in this line were all men of prominence in Essex County. Hon. John Peck, the grandfather of Mary Ann Peck Mitchell, was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas during the Revolution, and was extremely lenient towards his neighbors who, because of their adherence to the Crown were obliged to leave during the Revolution and after- wards returned to claim their property. He was an ardent patriot and was hated by the British. Joseph Peck, the father of Mary Ann Peck Mitchell, marrieil Mar_\- Hcdden, daughter of Jotham Hedden, son of Jonathan, son of Joseph. Lewis Mitchell, through his marriage with Mary Ann Peck, came into possession of a part of the Peck farm and homestead property in East Orange, which had remained in the family for more than two hundred years. He built a new house in 183S on Main Street near the old Peck homestead. He was a thrifty, prosperous farmer and a man of influence in the community He left three children : Aaron Peck, George Lewis and Mary T. Mitchell, who married Joseph L Kirby, of Brooklyn. Aaron Peck Mitchell, eldest son of Lewis and Mary Ann (Peck) Mitchell, was born on Main Street, near the present Greenwood Avenue, July 3, 1829, on the farm purchased by his mother in East Orano-e, and when quite young moved with his parents to their new homestead on Main Street, near the present Maple Avenue. He enjoyed exceptional educational advantages; he was prepared for college at Mr. Williams's school, celebrated in its day as one of the best in the country. He had for a classmate the present Dr. William Pierson. He entered Madison University, intending to pursue the study of medicine, but finding his health giving way he left during the Sophomore year. On returning to East Oranrre he embarked in the dairy business, which he carried on successfully for a number of years. He owned a large tract of land, which he acquired from his parents, and when the movement in real estate began as the result of increased railroad accommodations, making East Orange a convenient suburb to the metropolis, he was one of the first to take advantage of the opportunity thus offered. He was a man of broad ideas and large-hearted liberality, and favored every public improvement, and was con- nected with all the great enterprises looking to the development of East Orange. He was one of the chief promoters of the system of macadimized roads, some of which passed through his own propert}-, all of wliich he improved and beautified, and encouraged the planting of shade trees, which proved an attraction to visitors and led to their selection of homes in this localit)-. Among the streets and a\enues which Mr. Mitchell and his brother were instrumental in opening were Pulaski, Steuben and William Streets, and Central, North and South Maple, Arlington, Greenwood and Ninth Avenues, most of these passing through his and his brother's property. He opened Grove Street, south of Main, on which he erected the beautiful homestead where he spent some of the most delightful hours of his life. He was one of the founders and chief promoters of the First Congregational Church of East Orange, and was permitted to witness the fruition of his hopes and the completion of his labors in one of the most pros- perous church organizations and one of the finest church edifices in all the Oranges. During its early stru^frles he and his brother and one or two others made up the annual deficiencies, the expenses often exceeding the income from all sources. He was not only one of the largest contributors to the building fund, but as a member of the Building Committee he canvassed other churches and individuals for sub- scriptions for miles around. His winning, persuasive, and yet persistent manner, opened the hearts as well as the pockets of all with whom he came in contact. The two places dearest to him of ail others were his home and his church. While an ardent Republican he eschewed politics, and although frequently solicited he could not be induced to accept office. He was at one time a member of the Township Committee, and as such rendered effective service. He was one of the organizers of the East ■Sr i AARON P. MITCHELL. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges, 89 Orange Republican Club, and was active in advancing the interests of the party. He was President of the Summit Gas Company, a director in the Merchant's Insurance Co. of Newark, and a prominent member of the New Jersey branch of the Society of Sons of the American Kcvolution. He was a man among men — of a retiring disposition, rather reserved, never seeking a controversy or intruding his views on others, but firm in his convictions of right. He never turned a deaf ear to an ajipcal for help from the truly deserving, but e.^iercised wisdom and tact in tlie distribution of his chari- ties. He was broad in his religious views, and tlie foundation of his faith was the " Fatherhood of God and the lirotherhood of Man," and he exemplified the teachings of the Master in his daily walk and conversation. He married Anna Elizabetli, daughter of Matthias M. Dodd (sec history of Dodd family), a woman of rare Christian graces and virtues, a true helpmate, a devoted wife, who shared his joys and sorrows, and heartily cooperated in all his plans and undertakings. He died December 28, 1893, leaving four children, viz.: Winthrop Dodd, Matthias M. Dodd, Anna and Arthur H. WiNTHROP DOUD Mitchell, eldest son of Aaron P. and Anna Elizabeth (Dodd) Mitchell, was born at the homestead on South Grove Street, East Orange, May 7, 1862. His knowledge of the elementary branches was obtained at the public schools of his native town, and he was afterward sent to Phillips' Andover Academy, Mass., to prepare for college. In 1884 he began the study of medicine with Prof. Frederic S. Dennis (Professor of Surgery in Bellevue College). He was graduated at Bellevue Hospital Medical College in 1887, and afterward served two years as intern in St. Vincent's Hospital, New York. He then went abroad for eighteen months, prosecuting his studies at Vienna, Munich, London and Dublin. On his return he served as assistant to his old preceptor. Prof. Dennis, for about eighteen months. In 1892 he began practice in Newark. Dr. Mitchell removed permanently to East Orange in 1895, where he now has a successful practice, being located at the old residence of his parents on Grove -Street. While devoting a large portion of his time to general practice he has given much to surger}-, and ha3 been successful in a number of difficult cases. As visiting surgeon to the Home for Crippled Children and house surgeon at St. Michael's Hospital he has had an experi- ence of great advantage to him in his practice. He is a close student and keeps himself well informed on all matters pertaining to his profession. He is a member of the Medical and Surgical Society of Newark, of the Physicians' Club of Newark, and of Essex County Medical Society. He married in 1889 Miss Harriet Morgan, daughter of Charles H. Morgan, of Worcester, Mass., a well known mechanical engineer, and a descendant of Miles Morgan, who sailed from Bristol, Eng., in March, 1636, and was one of the early settlers of Springfield, Mass. George Lewis Mitchell, second son of Lewis and Mary Ann (Peck) Mitchell, was born at the homestead on Main street, in East Orange, August 9, 1S31. He had no aspirations beyond the simple farm life which his father and grandfather led before him, but he resolved to make the best of his opportunities, and when he was sent to the village school he did his best to acquire a thorough knowledge of the elementary branches. As a child he was obedient, earnest, industrious and faithful ; as a man, lie was honest, upright, straightforward and truthful. He was honest with himself, honest with his neighbors and honest in all his dealings with the world. It has been truly said " An honest man's the noblest work of God," and in this he had the patent of true nobility, and it has often been said of him, truthfully, that " his word was as good as his bond." No man ever tried harder to live up to the golden rule, and if he could not speak well of a man he would say nothing at all. He began his business career at an age when most boys are wholly dependent on others. He was but eighteen years of age when he became associated with his brother in the dairy business, and for thirty-eight years, until death severed the ties, they were one and inseparable. What one did the other did. Their love was like that of Jonathan and David, and all their interests were identical. George L. was pleasing in his manners, and his patrons loved him for himself, as well as for his fair and honest go The Founders and Bini.DKKs of the Oranges. dealings. As a Christian, he fulfilled literally the injunction, " Let your light so shine before men that they may see your good works and glorify your Father, which is in heaven." He was one of the little faithful band who founded the First Congregational Church of East Orange, and who kept the flame burning brightly, holding up the hands of the pastor amid discouragements and trials. He was one of the financial pillars of the society, and one of the largest contributors to the building fund. He was deacon of the cluirch in 1871, 1S74, 1882 and 1885, and, with one exception, served longer on the Prudential Committee — the most important committee in the church— than any other man. His love for his fellowmen was un- bounded, without distinction of race or color, and his heart was ever touched by the suffer- ings of others. •' He hath an eye for pity, and a hand Open as the day for melting charily." He could not be induced to run for office, yet he was a member of the Republi- can Club of East Orange, and always worked for tiie success of his party. He was a member of the Ambrosia Inaugural Club, and with it attended the inauguration of President Harrison. He was a member of the Reception Committee, which received the members of the Society of the Army of the Potomac when the annual meeting was held in Orange. He was associated with his brother in opening streets and avenues in East Orange, and in the various improve- ments which have made tliis locality a subiu-ban paradise. He had a special fond- ness for arboriculture, and the beautiful shade trees that adorn the streets were, to a large extent, planted by him. His own home, though simple in its architectural features, is one of the most beautiful and attracti\e in the township. There were two places he loved above all others. Those were his home and his cluircli. His death occurred on Easter .Sunday, March 29,1891. He married Joanna Wyckoff Collins, youngest daughter of Isaac Collins, of Bloomfield, N. J., and Jane Wj-ckoff, of Flatlands, L. I. John Collins, the father of Isaac, came to this country from Donnegall, County Ballyshannon, Ireland, in 1774, and settled in Hloomfield. During the War of the Revolution he served with the Fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. At the storming of Stony Point by "mad Anthony" Wayne, on the night of July 16, 1779, he formed one of the "forlorn hope," and was among the first to mount the parapet, receiving an ugly gash on the cheek from the bayonet thrust of a British soldier. He fought his way into the fort, shouting with the brave Americans the countersign of the day, " The fort"s our own!" He served the full term of his enlistment and was lionorably discharged at Trenton, N. J., January i, 1781, his discharge being signed by Brig.-Gen. Anthony Wayne, which is still in possession of the family. This proof entitled Mrs. Mitchell to membership in the -Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Although a native of Ireland he was probably a descendant of one of that name GEORGK LEWIS MIKllKM.. Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 91 who went over with Cromwell's army, the name being English and in no way connected with Irish history- The family is of very ancient standing in Cornwall. In the first of Edward II., Jolin Collins represented Launceston in Parliament, and in the eleventh and fifteenth Richard II. was Sheriff of the county. This branch has always had a Singer and a Jnhn Collins since the time of the Reformation. Peter Classen VVyckoff, the ancestor of the Wyckoff family, from which Mrs. Mitchell is descended, came from New Netherlands, 1 loliand, in 1635, and settled in New Amsterdam, now New York City ; from thence he moved t<< l-'l.itlantls, L. I., where the name of Wyckoff is well known. He was among the earliest settlers of that locality. During the War of the Revolution the British troops encamped in the rear of the VVyckoff homestead, breaking camp hurriedly. They left behind thein numerous articles of camp life which are still in possession of the Mitchell family. Nature endowed Mrs. Mitchell with rare gifts, which enabled her to contribute to the happiness of her husband and children, as well as to her numerous friends. In childhood she was passionately fond of the works of nature, but it did not occur to her until late in life that she had the power to delineate these and to work out that which God worked in her. About 1884 she took up the study of painting with a lady artist, and later with the well-known artist. Professor Frerichs, of Newark, a native of Belgium. Mrs. Mitchell has only attempted reproductions from paintings and engravings, but in these there is displayed originality of thought, harmony antl brilliancy of color, and a perfect adaptation to surroundings that indicate the true artist. Many of her productions would attract attention in the metropolitan art gallaries. Her "Ruth and Naomi" is well executed, and evinces careful study and a clear conception of the subject. "Luther in His Study," "^V Group of Sheep," "Scene on the Greenbrier River in West Virginia," are among her best productions. "The Color Guard," in which she introduced a likeness of her brother, who served with honor in the 139th Regiment, Ohio Volunteers, is a splendid grouping, well executed, and shows a high appreciation of the subject. Mrs. Mitchell was a devoted, loving wife, and was of great assistance to her husband in the manage- ment of his business affairs, and since his death she, together with her eldest son, has had the entire management of the estate. It may be trul\- said of her "She looketh well to the ways of her house- hold, and eateth not the bread of idleness. Her children arise up and call her blessed, her husband also, and he praiseth her." Seven children are the issue of the marriage of George L. and Joanna Mitchell: Helen, deceased, married Harmon W. Cropsey, a cousin of the artist. They had issue, James Lewis : May Isabel, married John Cowenhoven, of New Utricht ; Lewis G., (see sketch); Inez and Irene, twins; the latter died in infancy; Inez married Nathanel D. Hall, of Roseville, N. J., and had issue, three children, viz: Joanna, Mitchell, Helen Cornell and Amy Johnson ; Ralph, deceased, and George Lansing. May Isabel and John Cowenhoven had issue, two sons — George Mitchel and John Denice Cowenhoven. Lewis George Mitchell, third child and eldest son of George Lewis and Joanna Wyckoff (Collins) Lewis, was born in the house which stood on the corner of Grove and Main streets, East Orange, May 12, 1861. He attended the public school until he was about fifteen years of age, and then entered his father's employ in the dairy business, continuing with him for about four years, and then started in the same line of business for himself, w hich he carried on for five j-ears. He exhibited the same self-reliant spirit and determination which characterized his ancestors throughout several genera- tions, and although he disliked the occupation he was very successful, and continued until a better opening presented itself. In 1885 he formed a co-partnership with his brother-in-law, Mr. H. W. Cropsey, in the lumber business at that part of Gravesend now known as South Bensonhurst. The firm acquired an extensive water front, and began operations by erecting a number of cottages, which found a ready sale. They gradually extended their facilities as the demand increased, and added to their stock all kinds of building material, and now do a business of between $200,000 and $300,000 a year. Mr. Mitchell displayed great business sagacity for one having no other training than his early experience in his native town. He has identified himself with the people of Bensonhurst and taken part in the various reform movements. He is a member of the Citizen's League, which succeeded in breaking up % 92 TMe Founders and Builders of the Oranges. the McKane ring and establishing good local government. He is also a member of the Kidron Lodge, F. & A. M., of Bensonhurst, recently organized. He still retains his interest in the home of his nativity, and is co-executor with his mother in the management of his father's estate. He is endowed with great powers of physical endurance, and has the strong personal traits and true nobility of character for which his father was noted. George Lansing, youngest son of George Lewis and Joanna Wyckoff (Collins) Mitchell, was born in East Orange, March 8, 1872. He spent some five or si.x years at a German school in Newark, and afterwards attended Prof. Baylor's school at Summit, where he completed his education. He entered the office of Mr. Cropsey, his brother-in-law, in the lumber business, intending to follow that occupation, but the death of his father necessitated his returning home to take the hitter's place as protector to his mother. He took up his father's business, which he followed for about two years, but having a decided inclination for mechanical employment, he closed up his business and concluded to learn the carpenter's trade. He is a member of the East Orange Fire Department, a staunch republican in politics, following closely in his father's footsteps. THE nUNN FAMILY. The history of the Mun or Munn family previous to their settlement in New Jersey is somewhat obscure. Benjamin Mun, who served in the Pequot war, 1637, of Hartford, probably one of the original settlers, was, it is presumed, the ancestor of the Mun familj' of America. He died in 1675. He married Abigail, daughter of Henry Burt, widow of Frances Ball. Their children were: Abigail, born 1650; John, born 1652; Benjamin, born 1655; James, born 1657; Nathaniel, born 1661. John Mun, son of Benjamin (i), born 1652; he was in the great fight at Turner's. He left a son, John, born March 16, 1682, and licnjamin. John Mun, supposed to be the founder of the Munn family of Orange, was born about 1700 or 1705. The similarity of names would indicate that he was the son of either John or Benjamin above named. The Newark records make no mention of him, but a deed belonging to the Peck family t^now in the hands of Mrs. Aaron P. Mitchell), contains a diagram of the Peck pro[)ert\', which shows the name of John Mun as owning lands adjoining. If John Mun came to Newark in the part now known as East Orange, he probably died soon after his arrival. He is said to have been the father of Joseph, Benjamin and Samuel, who, tradition says, came to New Jersey from Connecticut about 1750. Joseph and Benjamin settled in what is now East Orange, and Samuel settled in Morristown. SECOND QENERATION OK OKANGK SETTLERS. Benjamin Mun, probably son of John, was born September 15. 173 1, died July 26, 181S. His farm was located on what is now Munn Avenue, East Orange. He was one of the members in communion with the Mountain Society previous to 1756. He married Jemima Pierson, born August 28, 1734, daughter of Joseph, son of Daniel, son of Thomas Pierson, the ancestor, a brother of Rev. Abraham Pierson. The issue of this marriage was: Phebe, born 1755; Bethuel, born 1757; Abigail, born 1758; David, born 1761 ; Amos, born 1763; Aaron, born 1765; Elizabeth, born 1767; Rachel. Lydia> Jemima, born 1772, married Cyrus Jones; Hephzibah, born 1778, married Jotham Condit. THIRU OENERATION. David Munn, son of Benjamin and Jemima (Pierson) Munn, was born December 16, 1761, at the homestead of his father, on the corner of Main Street and South Arlington Avenue, East Orange. He owned about one hundred and fifty acres on both sides of what is now Munn Avenue, then known as Mun Lane. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He married Abigail, daughter of Moses Baldwin, and had issue: Lydia, born 1 781, married Moses Condit : Lewis, born 1784; Benjamin, born 1786; Elizabeth, born 1788; Ann, born 1791; John T., born 1794; Ann (2), born 1797; Sarah L., born 1802. "*" — The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 93 kourth generation. Lewis Munn, second child and eldest son of David and Abigail (Baldwin) Munn, was born March 25, 1784. He married Phcbe Jones, daughter of Joseph Jones, of Uanicl, of Joseph, of John Jones, the ancestor. Their children were : Abby D., born 1806, married Caleb Baldwin ; Lydia Ann. born 1807, married Joseph H. Baldwin: .Isir Berton, born 1809; Thompson C, born 1814. FIFTH OENERA.TION. Asa Berton Munn, son of Lewis and Phcbe (Jones) Munn, was born in East Orange, June 28, 1809. He inherited one-half of his father's and a share of his grandfather David's farm, amounting to about one hundred acres, situated on Munn Avenue. He was a thrifty, successful farmer, and was noted for his great phj'sical strength and powers of endurance. In the several plowing matches that took place at the fairs of the Essex County Agricultural Society and the fairs of the American Institute, New York, he carried off most of the prizes, winning twenty altogether. He was popular with his neighbors, and held various town offices. He was Justice of the Peace, Road Master, member of the Township Committee, Surveyor of Highways, etc. He was a member of the Brick Church of East Orange and an exemplary Christian. He married September 17, 1834, Mary Parcel! Hand, daughter of Joseph S., a descendant of Colonel Aaron Hand, of Springfield, N. J., who served as an ofiRcer in the War of the Revolution. The children of Asa B. and Mary Parcell (Hand) Munn were : Joseph Leivis, and four other children, who died in infancy. Asa B. died May 2, 1874. SIXTH GENERATION. Joseph Lewis Munn, only surviving child of .'\sa Berton and Mary P. (Hand) Munn. was born at the homestead adjoining his present residence. No. 13 Munn .-\\ciuie, December 5, 1840. He was educated at the local schools and Newark Academy, and graduated at Princeton College in 1862. He read law with Judge Amzi Dodd, was admitted to the Bar in 1865, and began practice the same year. For more than thirty years he has held a high position in his profession, and is well known throughout the State. He has held manj' positions of public trust and honor. He has at various times been Township Covmsel for East Orange and other townships in the county. He was Surrogate of Essex County from 1884 to 1889. He has been County Counsel for Essex County since December i, 1894, and in May, 1895, was elected Counsel to the Essex County Park Commission, which is authorized to expend $2,500,000 in establishing parks and boulevards in the county. He represented his district in the State Assembly in 1881, serving on the most important committees of that session; he was Chairman of the Committee on the Revision of Law, a member of the Judiciary Committee, and Chairman of a special committee appointed to investigate riparian rights and the records of the proprietors at Amboy. His best years have been spent in the cause of education, which service has been altogether gratuitous. Immediately after leaving Princeton, at the close of his collegate course, he was elected Trustee of the public school in East Orange, and has held the position continuously for thirty-two years, and since 1890, when the Board of Education was established, he has held the position of President. During his connection with the educational interests of East Orange nearly half a million dollars has been expended in the building and equipment of public schools, which includes five large brick buildings and one of the finest High School buildings in the State. Probably no man in Essex County has devoted as much time and attention to this work, and the almost unprecedented growth of East Orange is due more to its splendid school system than to any other cause. Mr. Munn was made County Superintendent of Schools under the new school law, but was obliged to resign owing to the pressure of other duties. He has been counsel for the Orange Water Company since its organization in 1880, and is specially concerned in matters relating to water rights. Mr. Munn has been a life-long politician, beginning when he was seventeen years of age. He has been engaged in almost every campaign as a speaker and worker from early manhood. He has been a member of the Republican State Executive Committee, Chairman of the County Republican Committee, and a member of most of the local political organizations. 94 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Mr. Munn married, September ii, T867, Elizabeth, daughter of Jolin M. Randall, of East Orange. Their children are: Mary R.; Huldah, married S. H. Fitch, of New York Cit}- ; Edward, a graduate of Princeton College; John R., and Margaret. THE PECK FAMILY. Henry Peck, the ancestor of the East Orange branch of the family, came to this country in 1637, settled for a time in Boston, and afterwards became one of the founders of the New Haven Colony. He signed the " Fundamental Agreement," June 4, 1639, and took the oath of fidelity July, 1644. He and Joseph Peck received their division of home lots the same year. The New Haven colonial records contain the following : " Henry Peck and Old Bassett were desired to set the great gunnes upon good strong carryadges." Henry Peck died in the autumn of 165 i. His will was presented at court, 30th October of that year. He had Eleazer, baptized 13th March, 1643; Joseph, baptized 5th September, 1647 ; Benjamin, baptized 5th September. 1647 ; Elizabeth, born i6th March, 1649 and bap- tized 24th March, 1650. SECOND GENERATION. Joseph (i) Peck, son of Henry and Joan ( ) Peck, was born in New Haven, 5th Sept., 1647. He married Sarah, daughter of Roger Ailing, one of the signers of the " Fundamental Agreement" at New Haven, in 1639. Tliey liad issue: Sarah, born 1672 ; Josepli, born 9th October, 1675 ; Samuel, born 1677 ; James, born 1680: John, born 1682: Eliphalet, born 1685 ; Abigail, born 16S6: Mary, born 1689; Ebenezer, born 1693. THIRD GENERATION. Joseph (2) Peck, (Deacon Joseph), eldest son of Joseph (i) and Sarah (Ailing) Peck, was born in New Haven, 9th Oct., 1675. He sold his estate, left him by his father, to his brothers James and Samuel, and removed to Newark, where he acquired a large tract of land in that portion of the town for many years afterwards known as Pecktown, and more recently as East Orange. On April 19, 1719, he was appointed with " Deacon Azariah Crane, Mr. James Notmand and others, to renew the line between Newark and Acquackanaig." On March 10, 1746-47 he, with five others, "were chosen to take care of the Parsonage Lands and prosecute Offenders." He married Lydia Ball, daughter of Edward Ball of Newark, and had issue: Sarah, Joseph, born 1702; John, Timothy, born 1709. KOURTH GENERATION. Joseph (3) Peck, son of Joseph (2) and Lydia (Ball) Peck, was born in that part of Newark after- wards known as Pecktown, in 1702. On the organization of the Mountain Society, or Second Church of Newark, he became one of the ruling elders, and was also a deacon. He was one of the " beloved friends and brethren in covenant relation," selected by Rev. Daniel Taylor, the pastor of the church, to be the executors of liis will. He died July 12, 1772. By his wife, Jemima (Lindsley) Peck, he had issue: David, hovn 1727; Jesse, born 1730; John, born 1732; y^'.fr///, born Jan. 2, 1735; Moses, born Oct. 6, 1740; Abigail, born 1745: Ruth, who married Stephen Dod ; Elizabeth, born 1747, married John Wright. FIFTH GENERATION. D.WH) Peck, eldest son of Joseph (3) and Jemima (Lindsley) Peck, was born in that part of New- ark now known as East Orange, in 1727. He dietl Ajiril 5, 1796. He inherited lands from his father and acquired additional property. He married RLiry Williams, daughter of Thomas, son of Matthias. She died Jan. 9, 1799. Their children were : Daniel, ydincs. Abiel (who married Phebe Canfield), Ruth. SIXTH GENERATION. James Peck, second son of David and Mary (Williams) Peck, was born at the homestead in what is now East Orange, about 1760. He served with the Esse.\ County Militia in the War of the Revolu- tion. He inherited property from iiis father and was a thrifty farmer. He married Hannah Canfield, The Founders and liuii.DKUs of the Oranges. 95 daughter of Matthew aiul Sarah (Treat) Canficld, tlie ancestor of the Caiifield family. She was the sister of Ebcnczer Caiifiekl, wiio tradition says had the best farm at the Mountain. The children of James and I laniiah (Canficld) Peck were : {F///w/;/, born Sept. 13, 1790; Aaron, born March 2. 1798 I'hebe, born June 17, 1801, married Samuel Condit. SEVENTH GENERATION Wii.i.iAM I'KCK, eldest son of James and Hannah (Canficld) Peck, was born at the homestead of his f.itlicr, in what is now East Orange, Sept. 13, 1790; he died May 4, 1849. He inherited a large estate now bisected by Hawthorne Avenue, East Orange. He purchased, April 23, 1833, of the Orange Trustees, " fifteen acres, more or less," for $450, or at the rate of §30 per acre ; this being a part of the fifty-six acres conveyed by the Trustees of the Newark Church to the Trustees of the Orange Society August 29, 1826. William Peck m.irricd P'anny Canficld, probably a descendant of Ebenezer, and had issue: Ira, born March 26, 1822: Jnmcs, born Ian. 30. 1825; Phebe E., born 1814; Rhoda, born, 1816; Margaret E., born 1819; Mary Ann, born 1827; Har- riet, born 1 83 1, married E. O. Doremus (see Doremus Family) ; William, died young. Aaron Peck, second son of James and Hannah (Canfield) Peck, was born in East Orange, March 2, 1 798, at the ancestral farm house, which formerl}- stood on the south- east corner of the present Haw- thorne Avenue and Main Street. Attaining his inajority he estab- lished himself in mercantile busi- ness, locating it and his permanent dwelling on a part of his father's farm, at the southwest corner of Main Street and Maple Avenue. He was temperate, diligent, perse- vering and undaunted by reverses. His indomitable will and energy, which preeminently characterized him, enabled him eventually to overcome all obstacles to success. His personality and prominence in the communit)- were early mani- fested. He became a member of the Fourth District Company, First Battalion, Fifth Regiment, Essex Brigade, N. J. Militia, was elected Lieutenant April 10, 1819, Captain April 29. 1 820, commis- sioned b}- Gov. Isaac H. William- son, and resigned his commission as Captain March 24, 1825. Dec. 23, 1824, he was appointed First AARON PECK. 96 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Battalion Paymaster by the Essex Brigade Board, and June 12, 1838, a Master in Cliancery by William Pennifigton, then Govenor and Chancellor. Captain Peck in later years was successfully engaged in hat body manufacturing at Millburn. N. J. In the closing years of his active life, he was the president ami principal owner of the Sussex Railroad. He owned a large tract of land in Roseville, and was the first to develop this growing suburb of Newark in 1850. He contributed liberally to the various religious, benevolent and public enterprises of his day; lie encouraged young men starting in life, and was a kind, considerate friend and helper of the poor. In early manhood, 1825-1831, he was an elder in the church of his fathers, the First Presbyterian of Orange. His paternal great-grandfather, Joseph Peck, was also an honored elder therein, 1757-1772; so, also was the latter's son, John Peck, 1784-iSi i. The grandfather of Captain Peck, David Peck, and his brothers, Moses and Joseph, served their country in the Revolutionary War. About 1831 he united with the colony from the First Church, which established the " Brick Church " (Second Presbyterian). He was instrumental in the formation and incorporation of "The Roseville Presbyterian Church," January, 1853, and with his family identified himself prominently and actively therein. To this church he gave its original site (to which his children by gift have since added). He also contributed very liberally to its support and to the erection, 1854, of the original frame edifice, which, in 1888, was removed to the northwest corner of Gould Avenue and South Fourteenth Street, Newark, and is now known as the "Women's Christian Temperance Hall." He also gave the site, October, 1853, of St. Barnabas' Episco- pal Church, chapel house and rectory, Roseville. He rested from his labors in peace, April 8, 1865. His memorial window graces the new and substantial brick chapel of the Roseville Presb}-terian Church, the loving gift of his grandson, William Halsey Peck. Aaron Peck married. April 19, 1820, Miranda, daughter of Bethuel Pierson and Mary Condit, his wife. Bethuel was the son of Samuel (21. son of Samuel (i), son of Thomas Pierson, the ancestor of the New Jersey families of this name, and brother of Abraham, the first pastor and leader of the Newark Colonists. Mary Condit was the daughter of Matthew, son of John Condit, born at Newark about 1701. The children of Aaron Peck by this mar- riage were : Caroline, born 182 1, married, 1844, Rev. David Harrison Pierson whose birthplace was Caldwell, N. J., |son of Elijah, of Caleb (2), of Caleb (i), of Samuel, of Thomas, the ancestor], of Eliza- beth, N. J.; Mary Ann, born 1823, died in infancy; George, born 1826; Cyrus, born 1829; Mary Jane, born 1831 ; Aaron, born 1836. KIOHXH GENERATION. George Peck, Medic.d Director U. S. N., eldest son of Aaron and Miranda (Pierson) Peck, was born at the homestead of his father on the southwest corner of Maple Avenue and Main Street, in that part of the Oranges formerly known as Pecktown, July 9, 1826. In early childhood he attended the public school of his native town ; his knowledge of the classics was obtained at pri\-ate schools, and of the modern languages under private tutors. He studied medicine with Dr. S. C. Brewster, Professor Joseph M. Smith and Dr. John H. Whittaker, all of New York city, and was graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, March 6, 1847. He spent a few months in the city hospital and at Blackwell's Island. He received June 27, 1857, the honorary degree of A. IM. from the College of New Jersey. After passing a satisfactory examination by the Board of Medical Officers he was commis- sioned assistant surgeon U. S. N., February 25, i85i,and ordered to the " Cyane " Home Squadron August 23 following; cruised in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and West Indies; crossed the Isthmus of Panama before the construction of the railroad ; assisted the survivors of Strain's expedition to Darien ; journeyed to the Pacific via the San Juan River and Lake Nicaragua to San Juan del Sur ; carried despatches to the United States Minister at Leon, and visited the principal cities and towns of Nicaragua ; participated in the bombardment of San Juan del Norte; detached from the "Cyane" Sep- tember I, 1854; ordered to the naval rendezvous, New York, September 13, 1854; detached October 15, 1855; examined and recommended for promotion April 10, 1856; ordered to frigate " St. Lawrence," Brazil Station, September 20, 1856 ; joined the Paraguaj- expedition ; detached from the " St. Lawrence " GEORGE PECK, M. D., U. S. N. The Founders and Buii.nERs ok the Oranges. 97 May II, 1S59; ordered to the receiving ship "North Carolina," New York, July 2, 1859: detached and ordered to the steam sloop-of-war " Seminole," Brazil Station, March 9, i860. He was commissioned surgeon May 30, 1861 ; returned to the United States in the "Seminole" and joined the North Atlantic Blockading Fleet; served on the Potomac River, Va., during the attempted blockade by rebel bat- teries, and took part in the capture of Port Royal, Fernandina and Norfolk, and the capture of rebel battery at Sewell's Point, and witnessed the burning of the rebel ram Merrimac ; detached from the "Seminole" July 9, \8C>2, and ordered to the Tnarine rendezvous, New York; thence to the " Dictator," North Atlantic Blockading Fleet ; detached September 2, 1865, and ordered to the " Vanderbilt," con- voy of the " Monadnock," via Strait of Magellan to San Francisco; while en route he witnessed the bombardment of Valparaiso and Callao bj- the Spaniards ; volunteered to aid in care of the wounded after the action at Callao, and assisted the medical ofificer in charge aboard the " Villa de Madrid," of the Spanish fleet ; visited the Peru\ian hospital ashore and tendered service to the medical officer in charge; detached June 28, 1866, and accompanied Commodore John Rogers from San Francisco to the Atlantic coast before the completion of the railway, escorted by a squadron of United States mounted infantry; ordered to navy yard. New York, April i, 1867; detached May 20, 1869, and ordered to the frigate "Sabine" May 25 following; received aboard from the Naval Academy the graduated class of midshipmen, and sailed on a practice cruise to Europe and Brazil ; detached July 28, 1870, and Septem- ber 15 following ordered to the navy yard. New York. He was commissioned medical inspector May 28, 1 87 1, and on May 1 1, 1872, was ordered to the North Atlantic Fleet ; reported on board the flag-ship " Worcester" at Key West, Fla., for duty as surgeon of the fleet ; detached December 26, 1873 ; ordered as member of the Retiring Board and for examination of officers for promotion, Washington, February 25, 1874; detached April 10, 1877, and appointed member of Naval Examining Board, December 1, 1877; ordered to examination for promotion January (4, 1878. He was commissioned medical director, of the grade of Captain, from January 7, 1873 '< detached and ordered, April 30, 1879, <'■'' 'i member of Retiring Board and President of Medical Examining Board; detached and ordered as President of Board of Phy- sical Examination of officers for promotion September 3, 1879; detached February 29, 1880, and ordered as member of Naval Medical Examining Board, Philadelphia, Pa., March i, 1880; ordered medical director of naval hospital, Mare Island, Cal., July 2, 1880; detached October 8, 1883, and on leave; ordered as a member of Naval Board of Inspection and Survey December 15, 1883, and detached June 3, 1885, and on waiting orders; ordered as a member of Court of Inquiry, Washington, June 20, 1884; Court dissolved December 31, 1884; ordered as a delegate from Medical Department of the Navy to annual meeting of American Medical Association April 9, 1884, Washington, and April 23, 1885, at New Orleans; ordered as delegate to represent the Medical Department of the Navy at the Ninth Interna- tional Medical Congress, Washington, August 28, 1S87; ordered as a member of the Examining Board, Navy Department, Washington, November 5, 1887, and detached July 9, 1888, and from length of service in conformity with Chapter III, Section 1,444, Revised Statutes of the United States, transferred to the retired list of the navy. Dr. Peck's whole term of service in the United States Navy covers a period of nearly forty \-ears, and embraces all the exciting events of our late Civil War. His is the only record of the kind connected with his branch of the Peck family. During most of his "life on the ocean wave" the home of his childhood was his place of residence, and the scenes and incidents of his boyhood days still cling to him with fond recollections. Although he has resided with his sister, Mrs. Pierson, at Elizabeth, N. J , since his retirement, he still regards East Orange as his home, and is proud of the honorable record of his ancestors, who, for two hundred years, have preserved a spotless escutcheon, and have left their impress of good deeds on each generation. Dr. Peck inherits many of the character- istics of his ancestors, which opportunity and environment have developed. His public acts are matters of public record, but his kindness of heart and large-hearted liberality are known only to the few who enjoy his intimate friendship, and to the recipients of his bounty. In his long years of separation he has never forgotten the teachings of his childhood and the wholesome lessons in morality and virtue received from a godly mother, as well as the noble example of his worthy sire. g8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Ur. Peck is a member of the American Medical Association, American Academy of Medicine, American Public Health Association, New York Academy of Medicine, New York Society for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, Society of the Sons of the American Revolution of New Jersey, Washington Headquarters Association, Morristown, N. J., New Jersey Historical Society. He is also a member of the Union League, the University and Princeton Clubs, of New York, and Essex Club, of Newark, N. J. Dr. Peck married, September 27, 1847, Eliza Ardelia Brewster, daughter of Dr. Stephen Coffin Brewster and Ardelia Louisa Kimball, and granddaughter of Dr. Royal Brewster and Dorcas Coffin. Cyrus Peck, second son of Aaron and Miranda (Pierson) Peck, was born at the homestead on the southwest corner of Main Street and the present Maple Avenue, East Orange, November i, 1829. In his childhood he attended the Eastern District School of his native place, in early boyhood the private school of Mr. Albert Pierson in Orange, subsequently the schools of Mr. Harrington and the Rev. Wm. R. Weeks, D. D., in Newark. [Mr. Harrington taught in the old Newark Academy, subsequently purchased (1855) by the U. S. Government as the site of the present Post ofifice.j Mr. Peck also attended, as a boarding pupil, the school of Rev. David H. Pierson, Ph. D., Elizabeth, N. J. Leaving school in 1848 he entered the wholesale boot and shoe house of J. H. Ransom & Co., of New York City, where he remained si.x years. On the organization (about 1854) of the New Jersey Express Co. (afterwards merged with the Adams Express Co.) he became its Treasurer. June I, 1857, Mr. Peck entered the service of the Continental Insurance Co. of New York. In 1859 he was appointed Assistant Secretary, and from 1866 he has filled the responsible offices of Secre- tary, Second Vice-President, Vice-President and Treasurer. Mr. Peck in 1854 became a resident of Roseville^now the Eleventh Ward of Newark. In 1857, when this ward was created, he was elected its first representative to the Board of Education. This office he held for two successive terms. He was one of the incorporators of the Roseville Presbyterian Church in 1853. During the inter- vening years he has been active in the Board of Trustees and in the Sunday School, serving each in the various offices of trust and honor. The presentation by him — as a thank-offering in 1885 — of the two lots on which the present commodious chapel stands, testifies to Mr. Peck's devotion to the church which he has served as an elder since 1883. When the Roseville Improvement Association was formed (1S81) he was chosen President. He is the only representative of the immediate branch of his family that has remained within the precincts of the original town of Newark, and has witnessed as a resident its re- markable growth and prosperity. Mr. Peck is a Director of the Continental Insurance Co. of New York, Vice-President of the Newark Board of Trade, member of the New England Society of Orange, and of the Societ\- of the Sons of the American Revolution, life member of the New Jersey Historical Society, Trustee of the Washington Headquarters Association of New Jersey at Morristown, member and Treasurer of "The Committee of Presbyterial Church Extension in the Presbytery of Newark," and, by appointment (1894) of Hon. David A. Dcpuc, Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, a member and President of the Essex County Park Commission. Mr. Peck married, January 27, 1853. Mary Picton Halsey, daughter of Rev. John Ta}-lor Halsey, of Elizabeth, N. J., one of the most prominent and successful educators of his time, and one of four brothers, all Ministers of the Gospel, son of Capt. Luther Halsey, a descendant of Thomas Halsey, the immigrant ancestor, one of the founders of Southampton, Long Island, 1640. The issue of this marriage is: Helen Oakley, Edward Halsey, William Halsey, Edith Mary, and Cyrus Curtiss, who died in infancy. Rev. Aaron Peck, youngest son of Aaron and Miranda (Pierson) Peck, was born at East Orange, June 6, 1836. He was prepared for college under the direction of his brother-in-law, Rev. David H. Pierson, Ph. D., was graduated at Princeton in 1857, and at Union Theological Seminary in 1864. He accepted a call from the First Presbyterian Church of Perth Amboy to become its pastor in 1869, and continued until 1879. ^" 'S80 he was called to the First Presbyterian Church of Brooklj-n, and resigned at the end of three years, in consequence of failing health. Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 99 Mr. Peck married, June i6, 1859, Julia Manning, daughter of Stiilc Manning, of Newark, formerly of Plainfield. Two children arc the issue of this marriage, one of whom died in infancy : the other, Lilian H., being the only surviving child. James Peck, eldest child of William (of James i) and Hannah (Canfield) Peck, was born in the stone house (still standing) at the corner of Main Street and Hawthorne Avenue, January 30, 1825. His early education was limited to the public schools of his native town. He served on the Board of Chosen Freeholders for thirty years continuously, twenty-seven of which he represented East Orange Town.ship. He was a member of the Essex Road Board for eighteen years, and for fifteen years was its President, retiring from that office when the reorganization of the Board secured a Democratic majority in that body. During the entire period of Republican ascendency in the Board of Freeholders from 1863 he was Chairman of the Committee on Jail Delivery, and was regarded almost as a walking encyclopedia and directory of the pett)- criminals of the county. He represented the old Second Assembly District, com- prising Orange and East Orange, in the Legislature of 1868 and 1869. In 1886-7 he was again elected to the Legislature, and was the recognized leader of his party in the House. He was a Director of the Orange National Bank. He was also one of the organizers of the Half-Dime Savings Bank in 1870, and was its first and only Vice-President. He died August 30, 1893. He was married in 1850 to Miss Harriett M. Hedden, daughter of Samuel Hedden, of East Orange. She died January 26, 1892, in her sixty-second year. He left five children, viz. : William Peck, Mrs. H. W. Havell, of Newark; Miss Emiline W. Peck, Mrs. Frederick W. Ward, of East Orange, and Mrs. George W. Dodd, of Kansas City, Mo. Line of Judge Jolin PecU, son of Joseph (3), of tlie Fourth Generation. JOHX Peck (known as Judge /'a-/'), third child of Joseph (3) and Jemima (Lindsley) Peck, was born in that part of Newark now known as East Orange, in 1732. The old homestead where he lived was built of stone, and stood on the southeast corner of what is now Main Street and Maple Avenue. This was torn down in 1813, and a part of the stone used in the construction of the First Presbyterian Church. Mr. Peck was an active and uncompromising partisan in the cause of American independence. On December 7' '774, lie was one of twenty-three representative citizens chosen as a Committee of Observation for the Township of Newark to watch and report any inhabitant of the colony found to be disloyal to the Con- gress, so that he " be held up to public notice as unfriendly to the liberties of his country, and all dealings with him or her be thenceforward forever broken off." Mr. Peck was conspicuous in all the local events that preceded the Revolution, and when afterwards the British army was encamped in this locality he made himself especially obnoxious to them, and was frequently obliged to flee to the mountains to escape their vengeance. After the close of the war he became Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and although unlettered he was a man of good judgment and sound common sense, but rather eccentric. One of his decisions was, "A man who has a deed for his land owns from the centre of the earth to the top of the heavens.'" He was e.xtrcmely lenient towards his old neighbors who, because of their adher- ence to the Crown during the War of the Re\olution, were obliged to flee to Nova Scotia, and who, after the war, desired to return ami take advantage of the Act of the New Jersey I^egislature, pas.sed June 5, 1777. and it is said that he sometimes •' stretched a point" to assist them in saving their property from Confiscation. He was elected an elder in the First Presbyterian Church of Orange in 1784. He died December 28, iSii. He was twice married, first to Elizabeth Dodd, January 26, 1761 ; second to Mary Harrison. His children by his first wife were: Joseph {iSf), horn November 27, 1758, married Mary, daughter of Jonathan Hedden; he died May 22, 1835 ; she died December 26, 1830. Their children were: Phebe, Betsey, Lydia, Mary Ann, married Lewis Mitchell (see Mitchell family), Aaron, Sarah, Fanny, Deborah. Jared, joined the Revolutionary Army and supposed to have been killed. Stephen, born 1760, married Naomi, daughter of Timothy Condit, and had issue Peter, 1794; Eunice, Maria, Moses, died 1S06. loo The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS, By his second wife, Mary Harrison, Judge John Peck liad : Rhoda, married Caleb Hedden ; Betsey, married Ezekiel Ball; Sarah, married Stephen Hedden: Aaro>i, horn 1771, married Esther Canfield ; John, born November 28, 1773, married Phebe Matthews, and had issue Mary, 1795 ; Stephen M., born 1801; John, 1805; Nancy, 180S; Lydia, 1811; Phebe M., 1S15. Stephen M., third child of John and Phebe (Matthews) Peck, born, 1801, married Martha Baldwin, and had issue Emeline, 1827, married William Williams; Mary, 1829; Melinda, died soon: Elizabeth, 1834; Theodore M., 1837; Sarah, 1839, married William Jeffries; Martha and Henry, twins, 1843; Eunice, 1845, died soon; Stephen A., 1846, died soon; Emma, 1849. THE PIERSON FAMILY. Line of Tlnomas Pierson, Sr., brother of Rev. Abraham Pierson. In the several histories of the Newark settlement published at various periods, Thomas Pierson, Sr., is mentioned as " a near relative, possibly a nephew or brother of Rev. Abraham Pierson." On page 262 of the " Branford Annals." published by the New Haven Historical Society, is found the following record : " Nov. 27, 1662, Abigail Pierson, daughter of Rev. Abraham, was married to John Davenport, son of Rev. John. '■ On the same day Thomas Pierson. brotlwr of Rev. Abraham, marrictl Maria Harrison, daughter of Richard." Thomas Pierson, Sk., came with the Branford settlers of Newark, in 1666, and was one of the signers of the " P'undamental Agreement." In the first division of land he had for his Home Lot, " si.x acres, bounded with the Common west, the Highway east, and the rear of other lots, together with Benjamin Baldwin, north." This property ran from High Street to " Brick Lane." He was one of the first — if not the first — settlers of Watsessing, now Bloomfield, as appears by the the records, 1676: " He hath another parcel of land on both sides of the Second River, containing 20 acres in length. He hath another parcel of land containing 18 acres, lying upon Watsesson Hill, bounded on the south by Daniel Dodd, on the north by Benjamin Baldwin, on the east by the plain, and the west by the Brook." He had a tract of land in Watsessing, acquired by Patent from Gov. Carteret, as appears bj- the following: "Thomas Pierson, in November, 1690, conveyed for thirteen pounds to Daniel Roonros and Jasper Nessepot, both merchants, of New York, all his right, title and interest in a certain parcel of uj^land containing twenty acres, lying by the second River; bounded east, west, north and south b_\' land unsurveyed, according to my Patent granted by Gov. Carteret, bearing date loth July, 1679. Referring to " Early Roads," there is a " third going over," supposed to be a third crossing of ford of Second River, on Thomas Pierson's land, about 1C78. That he built a house and settled in this locality is shown by the fact that Thomas Pierson's •' fence" appears below Watsesson Hill, in 1695. Thomas Pierson was a .veaver by trade. The Newark Records of March 19, 1673-74, contain the following : " Item. — It is also agreed that the Weavers Thomas Pierson and Benjamin Baldwin shall be considered by the Surveyors to make out their lotts on the Hill shorter." In his will, dated 1698, Thomas Pierson names children Sciniucl, Thomas, Hannah, Abigail, Eliza- beth and Mary ; .son Sam. Lyon. SECOND GENERATION. Samuel Pierson, eldest child of Thomas, Sr., and Maria (Harrison) Pierson, was born in Branford, Conn., in 1663, and was brought by his parents to Newark when he was three years of age. He no doubt removed with his father to Watsessing some years later. It is said he was by trade a carpenter. He took up a tract of land between the First and Second Mountains and was one of the first settlers there. His name is first mentioned as one of tiie organizers of the Mountain Society. When the pur- The Founders and Bl-ilders of the Oranges. ioi chase of twenty acres of land was made for a ijlebc, January 13, 1719, the grant was made to Samuel Free- man, Satniiel Pierson, iMatthew Williams and Samuel Wheeler. He was a deacon and a leading man in the new organization. He died March 19, 1730, and was buried in the "old graveyard," with an honorable memorial. He married Mary Harrison, daughter of his uncle, Sergeant Richard Harrison. His children were: Joseph, hoxw 1693; Samuel, \ioxx\ 1698; James, who removed to Lake Champlain, N. Y., and died there, leaving sons Moses, Daniel, known as "Judge Daniel," born 1703, died 1777; Caleb, Jemima, Mary, Hannah. THIRD GENERATION. Line of Josepli Pierson, eldest child of Samuel (1). Joseph Pierson, eldest child of Samuel (i), and Mary (Harrison) Pierson, was born in 1693,31 the homestead, between the First and Second Mountains. He settled in South Orange, where he was the owner of two mills, a grist mill and a saw mill. Mention is made of these in 1739-40, in a sale to Thomas Ball and Aaron Ball, who " bought of Joseph Pierson the equal one-half part of a grist mill and a saw mill on the east branch of the Railway River, near the dwelling-house of Samuel Crowell." He lived most of his life in South Orange, and died there in 1759. He married Hcpzibah Camp, born 1696, and had issue, Sarah, Jemima, Patience (wife of Joseph Pierson), Bethuel, born 1721, died 179I ; Joseph, Eliza, Mary, Eliza again, born 1735. Bethuel PlERSOX, known as " Deacon Bethuel." was born in South Orange, N. J., in 1721, died in 1791. He succeeded his father in the ownership of one of the mills described in a conveyence made March 16, 1767, as "beginning at a stake by the road from Newark to Bethuel Pierson's Mill and the Mountain." He lived in the old stone house on South Orange Avenue, by the Stone House Brook. He was one of the agents appointed by the Town of Newark in 1761, to allot and divide the parsonage lands between the three societies or congregations known as the First Presbyterian Society, the Church of England and the Mountain Society. He was one of the Committee of Observation in 1774. In May, 1775, he was elected by the Freeholders to represent the county in the Provincial Congress. He was elected elder of the First Presbyterian Church of Orange, then known as the Second Presbyterian Church of Newark, February 9, 1762, and held the office until his death, in 1791, a period of twenty- nine years. He was one of the trustees of the Orange Academy, established in 1786. He marricii, first, Elizabeth Riggs, born 1725, died 1776; and second. Widow Taylor. His chiklren were: Joseph, born 1759; Cyrus, hoxw 1756; Rhoda, Mary. Cyrus Pierson, M. D., second child of Bethuel and Elizabeth (Riggsj Pierson, was born in the stone house by the Stone House Brook, South Orange, in 1756. He was graduated from the College of New Jersey, at Princeton, in 1776. He studied medicine under Dr. John Darby, of Parsippaiu", Morris County. He began practice in his native place and devoted a portion of his time to the farm which he subsequently inherited from his father. Later, he removed to Caldwell, where he practiced for some four years. He was one of the founders of the village library and a leading member of the church. His feeble health necessitated a further change and he removed to Woodbridge, in Middlesex County, N. J., and later to Newark, and entered partnership with Dr. Samuel Hays, continuing until his death, October 7, 1804. He married Nancy Pierson, daughter of Dr. Matthias Pierson. The children of Dr. Cyrus and Nancy Pierson were: Horace, born 1791 ; Harriet, born 1793; Sarah, born 1796; Charlotte, born 1798; Caroline R., born 1800; Charles, born 1802 ; Cyrus, born 1804. THIRD GENERATION. Line of Samuel Pierson (2), son of Samuel (1). Samuel Pierson, second son of Samuel and Mary (Harrison) Pierson, was born at the homestead between the First and Second Mountains, in 1698. He remained on the farm during his life. He, as well as his father, was prominent in the affairs of the First Church. He was elected deacon in 1748, and served continuously until his death, in 1781. He married Mary Sergeant and had issue, Eunice, Rebecca, Samuel (3"), John, Malthias. Mary, Joseph, Joanna, Zenas. I02 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. KOURTH GENERATION. Matthias PiersoN, M. D., third son and fiftli cliild of Samuel (2) and Mary (Sergeant") Pierson, was born at the homestead, between First and Second Mountains, June 20, 1734. Reentered Princeton College and studied medicine some time later ; he did not begin practice until nearly thirty years of age. He was the first, and for many years the only physician in the mountain region. His district of practice embraced the region now occupied by the Oranges, Bloomfield and Caldwell, and to the bor- der of Morris County. Soon after he began practice he moved nearer to the centre of the village, and occupied, during the remainiler of his life, the house which stood on the present site of the Central Presbyterian Church, on Main Street. He was greatly interested in educational affairs, and was one of the incorporators of the Orange Academy in 1 783. He rendered effective service to the patriots during the War of the Revolution. It is said that his house was entered by the British during their occupancy of 'Newark, lie and his family having fled to the mountain during the Hessian raid, as did most of the citi- zens at the time. Dr. Pierson married Phebe, daughter of Isaac Nutman, and had issue, Nancy, born 1765, married Dr. Cyrus Pierson, son of Bethuel Pierson, of South Orange; Sarah, married Rev. Bethuel Dodd ; Isaac, Fanny, born 1773, married Israel Crane, of Cranetown (son of Matthias, son of William, son of Nathaniel, son of Deacon Azariah, son of Jasper, the ancestor); Matthias, born 1775; William, born 1778 ; Mary, born 1781 ; Harriet, born 1785. Dr. Matthias Pierson died May 9, 1809; his wife died in 1826. FIKTH GENERATION. Dk. Isaac Pierson, thirti child of Dr. Matthias and Phebe (Nutman) Pierson, was born in Orange, August 15, 1770. He was prepared for college at the Orange Academy, and was graduated at Princeton in 1789. He was associated with and succeeded to his father's practice. He was thoroughly devoted to his profession, and his practice was large and over a wide extent of country. In 1S27 he was President of the Medical Society of New Jersey. He was also Sheriff of Essex County and was a member of the twentieth and twenty-first Congress of the United States. He was one of the incorporators, in 182 1, of the " Orange Spring Company," which developed the celebrated chalybeate springs in what is now Hutton Park. Dr. Pierson married Nancy Crane, daughter of Aaron. Their children were : William, born 1796; Albert, born 179S; Phebe S., born iSoi ; Fanny, born 1S03; George, born 1805 ; Edward, Aaron, Isaac, Harriet, Sarah Ann. SIXTH GENERATION. Dr. William Pierson, Sr., elde.st son of Dr. Isaac and Nancy (Crane) Pierson, was born in Orange, December 4, 1796. He was prepared for College at the Orange Academy, and was graduated from- the College of New Jersey, at Princeton, in 1816. He began the study of medicine with his father. He attended a course of lectures at the University of Pennsylvania and at the College of Physicians, in New York. After completing his course of study he was licensed to practice bj' the Medical Society of New Jersey, in 1820, and received from that Society his degree of M. D. lie was its Recording Secre- tary for thirty years. He was thoroughly devoted to his profession and his practice was large and over a wide extent of country. As a citizen and a public man, he was judicious in counsel and jealous for the people's welfare. In 1837-38 he was a member of the Legislature of New Jersey. He was a director of the Board of Freeholders, Sheriff of Esse.x County, 1846-50, active in promoting the building of the Morris and Essex Railroad, a corporator of the Newark Savings Institution, and for many years its Vice-President. He originated and became a corporator of the Rosedale Cemetery, of Orange, in 1840, and to near the close of his life was an active trustee. When the town of Orange was incorporated, he was elected its first Mayor antl served continuously for three years, and for three years thereafter was a member of the Common Council. These varied responsibilities were distin- guished in their execution by intelligence and a .sacred devotion to the public good. Dr. Pierson The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. '03 married Margaret, daughter of Rev. Asa Hillyer, D. D., for many years pastor of the First Presby- terian Church of Orange. Their children were: Jane Rikcr, Anne, W'il/iatn, Eihiuird Dickson, ^\av- garet Riker. Rev. Albert Pierson, a brother of Dr. William Pierson. was born in 1798, and died in 1864. He was a well-known and successful teacher. He married Jane Armstrong, sister of Rev. William Armstrong. Their children were : William Hugh, Rev. George, Albert, Frances, Sarah, married Jacob Halsey. Rev. George Pierson, another breather of Dr. William I'icrson, was born in 1805, and died in 1880. He was a clergyman and was the first pastor of the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church, Orange, N. J. He married Eliza L. Day, daughter of Ste- phen D. Day. He married, second, Caroline Stall. lie hail issue, Isaac, Wilson G., Caroline Flliot, Stephen, Sarah Ann. SEVENTH OENERATION. Dr. William Pierson, Jr., eldest son of Dr. William and Margaret (Hillyer) Pierson, was born ill Orange, November 20, 1830. He inherited his love of the profession from his worthy ancestors, and began, early in life, a course of study especially adapted to the work. He received a thorough prepara- tory course and was graduated at the medical depart- ment of the New York University, in 1852, afterwards received the honorary degree of A. M. from Nassau Hall. Princeton, N. J. He re- turned at once to his native town, where he com- menced the practice of his profession and soon distinguished himself in surgery — a branch in which he was especially interested, and to which he designed to give the greatest attention. He inherited the many estimable qualities of mind and heart, as well as the eminent professional skill which distinguished his worthy ancestors. While taking no prominent part in politics, he is public-spirited and enterprising, and has the welfare of his native town as much at heart as did either of his ancestors. He has been so entirely absorbed in the work of his profession as to be unable to give any attention to public matters, save in the cause of education, to which he has given much consideration. He was the first President of the Board of Education and served for twelve consecutive years in this position. During this period, large appropriations were made for public schools and there was a greater advancement in educational matters than at any previous period in the history of the Oranges. Dr. Pierson, although never himself to any extent a beneficiary of the public school system, has always been an earnest atlvocate of higher education for the masses, and has accomplished much in this direction for his native city. As a director, he assisted for many years in the management of the affairs of the Orange Bank. His reputation as a physician and surgeon is not confined to the Oranges, but he is well known throughout the State. He is a member of the New Jersey State Medical Society and has served as its Secretary since 1866. He is a member of the Esse.K County District Medical Society, the New Jersey Academy of Medicine and the Orange Mountain Medical Society, some of which he was chiefly instrumental in organizing and has been President of all. He is attending surgeon at the Orange Memorial Hospital, consulting surgeon of St. Mary's WILLIAM PIERSON, SR. I04 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Hospital, Morristown, St. Barnabas' Hospital, Newark, attending surgeon and medical director of St. Michael's Hospital, Newark. During the Civil War he was surgeon of the Board of Enrollment of the fourth congressional district, of New Jersey, and volunteer surgeon on the Governor's staff. He was several times assigned to duty on the battle field, where he rendered important service. Dr. Pierson possesses the same genial, kindly nature, characteristic of all his ancestors, and is much beloved by those who for years have benefited by his professional advice and attention. Dr. Pierson is justly proud of his ancestors on both sides, who have achieved distinction in every generation. His great-grandfather, Lieut. Abraham Riker, served in the Continental Army before the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and the doctor has the original commission, dated at riiiladclphia, June 20, 1/75, signed by John Hancock. Dr. Pierson married Isabel F. Adams, daughter of B. F. Atlams, of Chicago, son of Benjamin (2), born 1763; son of Benjamin (1), born 1728; son of Thomas f2), son of Thomas (1), son of William Adams, the ancestor, born in England, 1594, came to America, 1628, settled in Ipswich. The children of Dr. Pierson are Margaret and Louisa. Edward Dickso.v Piekson, second son of Dr. William and Margaret (Hillyer) Pierson, was born in Orange. He was graduated at Princeton College, and soon after began the practice of law in his native town. Ere he was fairly established in his profession, the breaking out of the Civil War put an end for the time to his \-outhful aspirations in this direction. He enlisted in the 13th Regiment, N. J. w.i.mam pierson, jr. Volunteers, and was elected Captain of Company C. He went with his regiment to the front and served with honor and distinction throughout the war. He never regretted the step, never faltered in the discharge of his duty, exhibiting the utmost coolness and courage on the battle-field and performed his duty as a soldier and a true patriot. At the close of the war he resumed his professional duties and was successful along the line he marked out for himself, namely, to office practice. His strength consisted in that full, harmonious combination of qualities and powers which has the skill to keep all lines and paths under review, and which particularlj' enabled him to gather strength and wisdom from multiplied sources and from a broad and comprehensive survey of the entire field. Books, precedents, principles, common sense, common experience and common knowledge were all brought to bear upon and combined in his advice. No client ever had a more faithful aiul conscientious counsellor. He represented his district in the State Legislature for two years. As a public official he was a living example of temperance, truthfulness, honor, and all the social and moral virtues of a noble manhood. He was strong in his convictions and boKl in his utterance; he abhorred meanness, scorned duplicity and despised trickerj'. His generous, warm-hearted love and sympatlu- for his fellows and his exhibition of it to them at all times induced their love and respect for him. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 105 TME QUINBY FAHILY. Accordinsj to tradition, tlie Ouiiibys were early settled at Stratford-on-Avon, and were said to be related to the Bard of Avon through Judith Shakspeare, who married a Quinby. William Qiiinbj', the American ancestor, came before 1650 with Rev. Mr. Hlakeman and others, and is found first at Salem, Mass. He was among the original settlers of Stratford, Conn., and may have given the town its name. His home lot was No. 7 on the map of the town. Two of his sons, John and Thomas, appear on the records of the town. William and John QuinBV, his sons, were patentees of West Chester, in Westchester County, N. Y., in 1654. John was one of the principal proprietors of New Castle, in the same county. He was appointed a magistrate in 1662. by Gov. Stuyvesant. The " History of Westchester County," by Bolton, contains a genealogical chart of the Quinby family, as well as a description of the Coat of Arms. John Quinby, above referred to, married Deborah Haight and had a son, Josiak (2). JoSlAII, son of John and Deborah (Haight) Quinby, married Mary Williams and had a son, Josiah. JOSIAII QuiNBV (2), son of Josiah and Mary (Williams) Quinby, married Hannah Cornell and had a son. Josiali. Josiah Ouinbv (3^ son of Josiah (2) and II, mnah (Cornell) Quinby, was born about 1726, died in 1804. His name first ajipears on the Newark records in 1765, when it was "Voted that the Parsonage Meadow be hired for the ensuing year." Said meadow rented for £2 I2s to Josiah Quinbj-, Joseph Mun and Ichab id Harrison. He married Martha, ilaughter of Joseph and Martha (Sargent) Harrison (son of Josepli, who was the son of Sergeant Kicliard and Dorcas (Ward) Harrison : she was the daughter of Sergeant John Ward). The records of the Mountain Society show that the wife of Josiah Quinby "entered into Covenant July 10, 1774, antl their two sons, John and Joseph, were baptised August 12, the s.ime year." Josiah Quinby served with the "New Jersey Line," regular army, in the War of the Revolution, as Second Lieutenant, Captain Potter's company. Third Battalion, First Establishment, February 7, 1776, discharged with battalion. Josiah had, in addition to sons John and Josiah, a son Moses, born about 1750. Josiah Quinby died in 1806, and Aaron and John Quinby are named as executors of the estate. Moses Quinbv, son of Josiah and Martha (Harrison) Quinby, was born about 1750. He married Mary . Three of his children, Lois, Caleb and Jotham, were baptized in the First Presbyterian Church, Orange, October 16, 1774. JOTHAM Quinby, son of Moses and Mary (^ ) Quinby, was born in Orange, May 31, 1773. He resided in a stone house, built in 1774, on the Smith property, on Scotland Street, South Orange. He demolished the old house about 1834, using the stone from it in the basement of the new house which he occupied many years. He married l.ilias Smith, daughter of James and Eleanor (Harrison) Smith. James Smith was the son of David and Martha (Freeman) Smith, son of James Smith, the ancestor, who married Mary Baldwin Crane, daughter of Deacon Azariah Crane, whose wife was Mary, daughter of Gov. Robert Treat, of Connecticut. The children of Jotham and Lilias (Smith) Quinby were: Jonas, yamcs Moses, Antoinette, Orlando, Hiram, Hannah; Lilias, died young. James Moses Quinby, second child of Jotham and Lilias (Smith) Quinby, was born at the home- stead, in Orange, October 5, 1804. He attended the village school, but that did not complete his education. He possessed, in later years, a well-stocked library and was constantly adding to his fund of general knowledge and always kept himself well abreast of the times. He went to Newark when a lad and learned the carriage making business with the firm of Robert B. Canfield and John C. Hedenberg, which in later years was known as "The Hedenberg Works." Upon the failure, in 1834, of G. & A. K. Carter, in whose shop Mr. Quinby was foreman, the latter became the successor of his old employer and soon built up a large and profitable trade. He started in a building located on Broad Street, between Mechanic and Fair, where his manufactory grew in extent by the addition of new buildings and by the increase of his well conducted business until it became the most extensive, as it certainly was the best io6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ^ tK ^ known carriage manufactory in the United States. He had an extensive trade with the South and maintained a large branch factory and repository at Montgomery, Ala., and another at Columbus, Ga. His carriages bore a high reputation throughout the country and no carriage firm was better known than that of Quinby & Co., in every city in America. He lost heavily by the South during the war, but remained true and loyal to the government. He was a man of sterling character, high integrity, simple in his habits and tastes and strong in his __ political faith. He was three times elected Mayor of Newark ^^ — from 1851 to 1854 — and gave his hearty encouragement as well as his ofificial approval of the public improvements inaugurated about this time. He was the first Republican member of the State Senate elected from Essex County at a time when it required great courage to openly avow Republican principles. He stood by his party and challenged the admiration of his opponents by his firmness and determination and the self- sacrificing spirit he evinced. His religious interests were with Trinity Episcopal Church, Newark, at which he was a faithful attendant and served for some years as Vestryman. Mr. Oninby was one of the original managers of the Newark Savings Institution and Chairman of the Funding Committee; also a director of the New Jersey Insurance Company, and was also one of the Water Commissioners. Mr. Ouinby married Phebe Ayres Sweazy, daughter of Richard and Hannah (Hays) Sweazy. He was the son of William Sweazy, born at Hope, N. J., 1766; son of Barnabas and Hannah (Honeywell) Sweazy, born at Southold, L. I., 1715. died February 17, 1779; son of Samuel, born at Southold, L. I., March 29, 1689, removed to Roxbury^ Mass., May 17, 1737, died there May i i, 1759. The issue of the marriage of Mr. Quinby to Phebe Ayres Sweasy, was Anna Eineline, married Nelson Wright, of New York, deceased ; two children were born to them — Albert W., died young, and Elise. Eliza S., married Charles Borcherling; she died, leaving one child, Frederick ; Morris, died young; Jfarie Antoinette; James Milnor, married Mary Casey; issue, William O'Gorman, Anna Wright. Ida, manied Wallace M. Scudder, and had issue, James Quinby, died young, Edward Wallace, Marie Antoinette. Walden, died yonng. Florence, died young. JAMES MOSES QUINBY. THE SniTH FAMILY. James Smith, the ancestor of most of the eail\- Smith families of Orange, was brought to this country about 1680 and landed at Perth Amboy, N. J. The captain of the \essel on which he came assumed a guardianship over him and a]>prcnticcd him to Deacon A/ariali Crane, the founder of Cranetown. Deacon Crane was much attached to him aud ga\e him in marriage his youngest daughter, Mary Baldwin, whose mother was the daughter of Gow Robert Treat, of Ci>nnecticut. Deacon Crane gave to his daughter for her marriage portion, a farm on tiie southerly part of his plantation. This and other land which Mr. Smith acquired extended nortli to tin- Wheeler tract, running from the to]i of the mountain on the south side of the Northfield roail, thence along the southerly side of the Wheeler tract to Scotland Street, including the ])roperty owned b\- Caleb and afterwards by Simeon Harrison. Smith's house was on the east slope of the mountain, in what is now known as Orange Valley. He was one of the company of one hundred who made the Horse Neck purchase of the Indians which inchKled all the lands west of the Orange Mountain and east of the Passaic River. By his wife, Mary Balilw in Crane, Smith had among other children, a son, David. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 107 second qknera.xion. David Smith, son of James and Mary Baldwin (Crane) Smith, was born at the homestead of his father, in Oransj;e Valley, in 1705. He married Martha, daii<,diter of Samuel Freenvm. It is said that she li\e(i to be one hundred years old. David's house, which u .is of stone, was located on Scotland Street and it is said tiiat tliis house was cracked from the top to the bottom b\- an eartlujuake wliich occurred some time pre\ious to the Re\olution. Da\id Smith. b\- his wife, Martha Freeman, had issue, Moses, James, Joseph, Sttwue/ i\nd i)a\ id. THIRD QENERATION. Samuel Smith, fourth diild of Da\i(l and Martha ^Freeman) Smith, was born at the homestead on Scotland Street, in 1745, ilied February 13, 1800. He married Eunice, daughter of Ezekiel Haldwin, and had issue, Caleb. FOURTH QENERATION. CaLEH Smith, son of Sanuu-l and Eunice (Haldwin) .Smith, was born July 30. 1778, on Scotland Street, which was a portion of the southern half of the original farm. He died March 15, 1866. He carried on the manufacture of horse collars and achieved a reputation for his peculiar style and excellency of workmanship far exceeding that of any of his competitors. He married Sarah Garther- w.iite, ,ind had Samuel, born in 1804; Elizabeth, married George Smith, son of Joseph. KIETH GENERATION. Samuel Smith, eldest child of Caleb and Sarah (Garthcrwaite) Smith, was born at the old homestead on Scotland Street, November 14, 1804, and resided in Scotland Street during his life. He worked with his father at making horse collars and on reaching his majorit\- was taken into partnership and succeetled to the business after his father's death. He was a meml)cr of the township committee of Orange, of w hich he was treasurer for several years. He was school trustee and was a director in the Orange Bank. He served the full term of military serxice as a member of the Orange Troop. His religious connections were with the First Presbyterian Church, in which he was a trustee. Mr. Smith married Caroline Pierson Tichenor, daughter of Stephen Tichenor, a descendant in the si.\th generation f Martin Tichenor, one of the original settlers of Newark, in 1666, and one of the signers of the " Fundamental Agreement." Their children were : Stephen Tichenor Smith, born June 15, 1827. He, with his brother Caleb A. and son Stuart, has been engaged in the Fire Insurance business on an extensive scale for many years. He was Town Treasurer from 1861 to 1864 inclusive. He represented the First Ward in the Common Council in 1871 and again in 1874. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Ciuirch of Orange, was for twenty-one years treasurer of the Board of Trustees, and in 1893 was elected de.icon. He married first, Harriet N. Harrison, of Abiathar ; she died 1855 ; second, Martha A. Cory, daughter of James Cory, of Pater- son, N. J., and had issue, .Stviart C, born October 5, 1857, married Katie Hohler, and has three daughters. Herbert Russell, died young; Henry Wallace, born October 28, 1861 ; Samuel Bradford, born Sejjtember 5, 1863, died March 24. 1871 ; James Spencer, born January 31, 1866. dietl December 26, 1881 : Charles Mulford, died young; Grace Thompson, born July 12, 1872. Makv Ann, born June 16, 1829, married I. H. Mulfonl. of East Orange, and has children, Carrie, Hattie, Elias : Sarah Jane, born March 31, 1832, married Thomiison Cundit Munn, and had issue, Alice, Walter, Wilbur, Phebe: Caleu Augustus, born July 18, 1835. He has been for many years associated with his brother. Stephen T.. in the fire insurance business. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, also of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., and of Orange Chapter, R. A. M. He married Mary J., daughter of John T. and Polly Munn. and had issue, Minnie E., born March 2, i860, married Charles Starr, o io8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. of the East Orange Gazette, d'\e.d December 4, 1891 ; Norwood Thompson, born December 24, 1861, married Gertrude Dodd, of Dr. Bethuel Dodd ; Stephen Munn, born July 23, 1866; Louisa Barnes, born August 16, 1873, married George Gill, son of Mayor Gill. Caroline Elizabeth, born August 14, 1837. Samuel Bkadford, born Februar>- 24, 1840, died July 17, 1862. Line of Joseph Smith, of the Thirci Generation. George Smith, son of Joseph, of Joseph, of David, son of James, the ancestor, was born in Orange, about 1822. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Caleb Smith, son of Samuel, of David, of James. Their children were: Thomas J., Joseph Warren, Virginia, Elizabeth. Thomas J. Smii H, eldest son of George and Elizabeth Smith, was born in Orange, July 18, 1S47. ffe attended the public school and also Robinson's school until he was sixteen years of age, and in 1863 entered the Orange Bank as clerk; promoted in 1869 to the office of cashier and succeeded Mr. Lighthipe in 1885 as President, continuing in that office until 1893, when he was succeeded by Mr. Charles M. Decker. He is still in the emploj- of the bank and also manager of the Half Dime Savings Bank, and treasurer of the Orange Distilled Water Ice Compan\-. He is at present a resident of Cald- well. He married Emma, daughter of David H. McCoy; had issue, Emma, Robert VV., Willard, Perc}-, Hellen, Marguerite. Joseph Warren Smith, second child of George and Elizabeth (Smith) Smith, was born in Orange, September 22, 1848, educated at public and private schools, and entered the Orange Bank as clerk in 1864, his brother having preceded him one year. On the promotion of his brother to the presidency in 1885, he was promoted to the ofifice of cashier and has since continued to hold that position. He is a member of the Grace Episcopal Church, of Orange. He married Fanny Irene Kilburn, daughter of Abraham Mandeville Kilburn, a descendant of Gershom Kilburn, one of the early settlers of South Orange. The issue of this marriage is one son, Paul. THE WARD FAHILY. The Wards have been famous as Founders and Builders from the time the}' came over with the Conqueror, in 1066, to the landing of the Connecticut pilgrims in Newark, in 1666, and the historj- of this family is interwoven with the growth and prosperity of New Jersey from the latter period to the present time. From the Coat Armour and Motto of one branch of the family it is probable they were engaged in the crusades. They bore Arms — Azure a cross patonce or, a mullet for difference. Crest — A Saracen's head aflront^e, couped below the shoulders ppr. Motto — " Sub cruce salus." Among the number who accompanied William the Conqueror from Normandy was " Ward, one of the noble Captains." The name of William de la Ward appears in 1 175 as residing in Chester. From 1349 a succession of eleven generations of one family is found there, in each of which the names and head of the family was: in the first Ralph, in the second Richard, in the third, fourth and ninth, John, and in the eleventh, Thomas, who had sons John and William. One William W^-^rd was the first Earl of Derby, of Dudley Castle. The Wards of Connecticut and New Jersey are descended from Robert Ward, of Houton, Parva, Northamptonshire, England. He married Isabel Stapley, of Dunchurch, County W\-irwick, England. They had a son, James Ward, of the same place, who married Anna or Alice Fawkes, of Dunchurch. Their son, Stephen Ward', married Joyce Traford, of Leicestershire. After his death, the widow removed with her children to New England in 1630, and settled in 1635 in Wethersfield, Conn., being among the original settlers of that town. She died in 1640. Her will is nearly the first in the Colony records and names Edward, Anthony, John and Robert as her children. John Ward, the fourth child of Stephen, was known as " John Ward, Sr.," "Sergeant Ward," The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 109 " Lieutenant Ward," and " Mr. Ward." He was one of the original settlers or founders of the planta- tion of Totokot, named Branford in 1646. Lawrence and George Ward, brothers, who came from England with John and were no doubt closely related to him, were also associated in the founding of Branford, which then composed a part of the New ffaven colon_\-. Lawrence Ward, who took the oath of fidelity at New Haven at the organization of the government, was employed by the governing magis- trates to search for the regicides Whaley and Goffe, at Milford, where, of course, he knew they were not to be found. George Ward signed the Fundamental Agreement of the New Haven colony in 1639, and with his brother Lawrence was one of the founders of Branford. John Ward, Sr., Lawrence Ward, together with Josiah and John, Jr., sons of George Ward, all came with the pilgrims to Newark in 1666. Lawrence died in 1670 without issue. Josiah, brother of John Ward, Jr., married Elizabeth Swaine, who, it was said, was the first one on shore at the landing of the pilgrims on the Passaic. He died soon, leaving one son, Samuel. John Ward, Sr., and John Ward Jr., the "Turner," received their division of home lots near the Passaic River, and lived there for a few \-ears. In 1675 to 1679, both took up lands at or near the Second River, in Watsessing, now Bloomfieid, where they settled soon after. Both left many descendants. John Ward, Jr., son of George Ward, was born in England and came with his parents to this country and was one of the original settlers of the New Ha\en colon)-. He was one of the founders of Branford, which formed a part of the New Haven colon\-. He came with the Branford colonists to Newark in 1666-7, and in the first division of " Home Lotts " his six acres were located between High and Washington Streets, adjoining that of Delivered Crane. About 1675, he took up land on the Second River, in what is now Bloomfieid, but probably ditl not rcnio\e thence until the opening of the highway from Newark. He married Sarah , and had children: Sarah, John, born 1654; Samuel, born 1656; Abigail, married John Gardner; Josiah, born about 1660; Nathaniel, married Sarah Harrison; Mary, married Thomas Davis, and Caleb, "the honest and pious." Josiah Ward, son of John Ward, Jr., and Sarah , was born in Branford, Conn., about 1660. He moved with his parents to Newark and thence to Bloomfieid, or what was then known as Watsesson. He married Mary Kitchell, a descendant of Robert Kitchell, one of the original settlers of Ouinnepiac, or New Haven, and afterwards of Newark. They had chihiren, Samuel. Rubcrt. Josiah, Lawrence, born 1710. Lawrence Ward, son of Josiah and Mar}- (Kitchell) Ward, was born, probably in Bloomfieid, in 1 7 10, died in 1793. He married Eleanor Baldwin. In his will, dated May 3. 1775 (now among the papers of the New Jersey Historical Society), he gives to his sons Jacob, Jona, Stephen and Samuel, " all my estate both lands and meadows and all my moveable estate both here and elsewhere." To his .son Cornelius he gives five pounds. The will is witnessed by David, Uzal and John Dod. Jacob Ward, son of Lawrence and Eleanor (Baldwin) Ward, was born in Bloomfieid about 1 750. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was a man of consider- able prominence in the county as appears by the following entry in the Newark Town Records, under the head of resolutions "adopted at an annual Town Meeting held in the Township of Newark the nth day of April, 1808": "5th. That the next annual Election be opened at the house of Jacob Ward, in Bloomfieid and continued there during the first day and adjourned to the Court house in Newark as usual." The same resolution was repeated at an annual town meeting held the ninth day of April, 1810. Jacob Ward married , and had among other children a son, Jacob. Jacob Ward (2), son of Jacob (i) and Ward, was born in Bloomfieid, about 1780. He was an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Bloomfieid and was one of the early — if not an original member of that church. He moved to Columbia, now Afton, Morris County, in 1800, where he purchased a farm. He was an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Hanover (the nearest church to Columbia), and no The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. equally prominent in the community. He married Abigail Dotkl, daut^hter of Moses and Lois (Crane) Dod, of Isaac, son of Daniel (3), son of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (i), the ancestor. They had thirteen children, among whom were Moses Dodd, Jacob, and SaDiticl Davics. Moses Dodd Ward, son of Jacob and Abigail (Dodd) Ward was born at the old homestead in Bloomfield, in 1806. He went with his jiarents when six \-ears of age to Columbia, in Morris County, where, like liis ancestors, he followed the life of a farmer. He was a man of strong character, and with a different environment would have succeeded in almost any undertaking. He was an elder and one of the pillars in the Hanover Presbyterian Church and a man of strong religious convictions. He raised a family of strong, robust children, every one of whom have made their mark in the world and have developed remarkable business sagacity. Mr. Ward married Justina Louisa Sayre, daughter of Elias Sayre, son of Ebenezer, of Ebenezer, probably the grandson of Joseph Sayre, the New Jersey ancestor, who was the son of Thomas. Thomas Sayre, the ancestor, born about 159-, died in 1671, came from Bedfordshire, England, and settled in Lynn, Mass., in 1635. He was one of the eight original "undertakers" of the town South- ampton, in 1640. The Sayre homestead, built in 1648, which is still in a good state of preservation, is said to be the oldest house in the State of New York, and one of the oldest in the country. The massive timbers and covering of thick cedar shingles are sufficient to its remaining for years to come as a curious and interesting relic of a long past age. At a time of a threatened Indian outbreak, in 1666, it was one of the rallying places of the inhabitants in case of a niglit attack. The house is still in the hands of the Sayre family, ten generations having been born and died within its walls. The name of Sayre is said to be derived from ossayer, a crown officer in the royal mint whose duty it was to assay gold and silver. Joseph Sayre, son of Thomas Sayre, removed to Elizabeth, N. J., in 1667, and was among the earliest of the Associates. In December of that year he united with others in the petition to the government to have his land surveyed. Among his children and grandchildren are found the names of Edward, Ephraim, Ezekiel, Hannah, Frances, Isaac, James, Jonathan, Joseph, Thomas and Samuel. The issue of the marriage of Moses Dodd and Justina Louisa (Sayre) Ward was: Laura J.; Elias S., married Anna, daughter of Joel M. Bonnell, of Newark; Leslie Dodd, married Minnie P., daughter of James Perry; he is Vice-President of the Prudential Insurance Co., of Newark. Edgar Betltune (see sketch) ; Jacob Ewing, married Maria, daughter of Ambrose E. Kitcheil. Edgar Bethune Ward, fourth child and third son of Moses Dodd and Justina Louisa (Sayre) Ward, was born at Afton, formerly Columbia, in Chatham Township, Morris County, N. J., and is seventh in descent from John Ward, Jr , one of the original settlers of Newark and Bloomfield. Two of the brothers of Josiah, the immediate ancestor of Edgar B., were identified with the Mountain Society and their remains lie buried in the old Orange cemeter\-. The same conditions — healthfulness and beauty of surroundings — which led his ancestors two hundred years ago to settle in this locality, prevail to a still greater degree at the present time, and the latest representative of the famiK' showed his appreciation of these conditions and his interest in the ancestral associations by the purchase of one of the beautiful residences in the heart of Orange for which the city is famous. This was known as the Fuller place. It has a frontage on Centre Street of about 120 feet, extending along the line of Fuller Terrace about 700 feet. The trees along the front and sides afford ample shade, but do not obstruct the view from the house. With the exception of a few flowers which add coloring to the picture, tliere is only the beautiful green lawn in front. The general design of the house is Grecian, modified to suit American tastes and ideas. It is of brick, substantially built, and presents an imposing appearance. The broad veranda in front is rounded on the southern side, which gives a pleasing eflfect. It terminates on the north side in a pretty porte cochere of decidedly Grecian design. The whole is supjjorted by Corinthian pillars around wliich wind the trumpet creeper and English ivy. Mr. Ward's childhood was but little different from that of his New Jersey ancestors who were sturdy, independent, and self-reliant farmers. He had higher aspirations, liowever, and an abiding EDGAR B. WARD. Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. hi faitli in his own ability to acliicve success in another direction. To his life in early youth in the country is tlue the robust constitution which enabled him to pursue a severe course of study without impairing his health. After leaving the village school, he attended the Bloomfield Academy and later he entered Cornell University. He read law in Newark, in the oflRces of Runyon & Leonard (the late Theodore Runyon), and Stone & Jackson. He was admitted as an attorney in 1872 and counsellor in 1875. In the interim he was managing clerk for McCarter & Keen. Thus equipped he began practice in Newark in 1875. Had he continued along the general line he would no doubt have achieved success, but an oiipoitunitj- was presented which enabled him to concentrate his strength and energies in another direction. He became counsel for the Prudential Insurance Company, which had but recently cntcrLHl into active coini>ctition with the oitl line com]),inics inulcr a new system of insurance that was at once po[)ular anil progressive. The law ilepartnicnt rcipiircd a man of good judgment and thorough legal training. Mr. Wanl's previous experience and knowlctlgc (|ualified him for the position. At first he di\iileil his time between this and his general practice, but the new system introduced by the Prudential Company met with such popular favor that it soon became one of the leading companies of the country. Mr. Ward was obliged to give up his general practice and devote his whole time to the Company. The .skillful management of the law department conduced in no small degree to the Company's success. Mr. Ward was one of the original directors and, later, was elected 2d Vice-President. He is also a director in the National State Bank, Firemen's Insurance Co., the Newark and South Orange Railroad Co., and is interested in other business enterprises. During his residence in Newark he represented his ward in the Board of Education and favored the cause of higher education for the masses. Since his removal to Orange, in I092. his interests have all centered in this direction. Both he and his wife are active participants in the social affairs of the city and are in hearty sympathy with every movement that tends to its further development. Asa representative of the Ward family he has added new lustre to a name which for two centuries has filled an important place in the annals of New Jersey. While by his own energy and industry he has accumulated a fortune, he has used it in a large degree for the happiness of others. Mr. Ward married Hattie N. Jubc, a daughter of John P. Jube, a well known citizen of Newark, a descendant of an old New York family. Their children are: Edgar Percy, Newell Jube, Kenneth Bethune. Samuel Davies Ward, son of Jacob (2) and Abigail (Dodd) Ward, was born in Morris County, and removed thence to Rahway early in life. He was a successful carriage manufacturer in Rahway where he carried on business for some years. He was a Captain of militia and at the breaking out of the Civil War volunteered his services, but was rejected for the reason that he was past the age required by military law. He married Rebecca Martin Miller, daughter of Isaac, .son of Abner, who was the son of James. The latter was a grandson of William Miller, who was admitted an Associate of Elizabeth, 1699-1700. He drew No. 62 of the looacre lots at "the Edg or foot of y= mountain," adjoining Josejih Lyon, at Scotch Plains. It is reported that when he went to reside on this lot so far away from the town plot, "the parting was rendered very solemn by the expectation that they should seldom, if ever, see him again, the difficulty of passing and re-passing seemed so great. But, to their surprise, as they went to church on the next Sabbath morning they found him standing on the steps." By his wife, Hannah, he had five sons, Samuel, Richard, Jonathan, William and Andrew, and two daughters, Sarah and Hannah. The children ..f Samuel Davies and Rebecca Martin (Miller) Ward were : Clarence D., Frederick IV. and Ella M., married J()sc])h IL Bryan, of New York. Fkedeiuck Wii.l.lAM Ward, second son of Samuel Davies and Rebecca (Miller) Ward, was born at Rahway, N. J., January 30, 1858. His early education was received at the public schools of his native town and his knowledge of the higher branches at Rahway Seminary. He pursued his law studies with Frederic W. Stevens, of Newark, and after a creditable examination was admitted to practice as attorney in February, 1879, ^"<^ ^^ counsellor three years later. He was admitted to partner- ship with his preceptor, Mr. Stevens, the following year and continued with him until 1892, since which I 12 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. time he has practiced by himself. Mr. Ward has made the most of his opportunities. His indefati- gable industry, trustworthiness and closs attention to his professional duties have led to a constantly increasing as well as a lucrative practice. Because of his thorough reliability and conscientious regard of his Clients' interests, large trust and other estates have been committed to him, all of which have been managed with that rare fidel- ity and honesty as to win the increased con- fidence and respect of those who entrusted him with their affairs. As trustee of the estate of William N. Force, he has had the handling of over $700,000, for the management of which he has received the unqualified approval of the court as well as of the interested parties. He has the management of other estates amounting to nearly half a million dollars. Mis line of practice is confined almost exclusiveh- to chancery and office business. Methodical, painstaking, with an evenly-balanced mind, the accumulation of work and the varied inter- ests which absorb his attention dues not cause the slightest inconvenience or annoyance, but he pursues his labors with that steadfast purpose which always insures successful results. Mr. Ward built the house on Munn Avenue where he now resides, and became a permanent resi- dent of East Orange in 1888. The house is located on a part of the original Munn farm. Mr. Ward married Jessie O. Peck, daughter of James Peck (see history of Peck family), of East Orange. They have issue, three children, Sterling D., Ethel and Jessie. FREDERICK WILLIAM WARD. Other Members of the Ward Family. One and possibly two branches of the Ward family have been identified with Orange and South Orange since about 1700, or possibly earlier. On June 23, 1737, John Ward (probably John Ward, Jr., the ancestor), conveyed by deed to Abner and Nathaniel Ward, in consideration of seventy pounds, '■ forty eight and three quarters acres at the mountain plantation, so-called, at a place commonly called and known by the name of Chestnut Hill, beginning at a tree by swamp * * * having Joseph Pierson south, highway west, David Smith north, Elisha Stansborough east." (This land was located on South Orange Avenue, near where the Presbyterian Church now stands. Ward's Lane, which runs from Iivington Avenue to South Orange Avenue, probably ran through the Ward farm). Abner and Nathaniel Ward were sons of Nathaniel, son of John Ward, Jr., "known as John Ward, the Turner." Elihu Ward, born 1715, and Abel, his brother, who ownetl lands adjoining Abner and Nathaniel, were not sons of the latter, but were probably the great grandsons of John Ward, Jr. Samuel Ward, son of Josiah, son of John Ward, Jr., born 1679, died 1733, is buried in the old Orange cemetery. He left descendants, who were also buried in Orange. It is probably from this line that Zebinah, the grand- father of Philip Ward, was descended. Philip Ward, son of Timothy and Althca (^Williams) Ward, was born in Orange, July 29, 1814. He learned the hatting trade, and was for many years the junior partner in the firm of Simmons & Ward, THK FoUNDKkS AMI Hi Il.DKRS C)l- lllK UKANGES. II3 whose factory was in Dodiltown. lie moved to Monroeville in 1859, but returned to his home in Orange ten years later. He was originally a member of St. Mark's Parish, and was a cousin of its rector, Dr. Williams. He was for some years identified with Grace Church, and served in its vestry. On his return to Orange from the West, in 1869, he became one of the founders of Christ Church and continued as a member of its vestry during the remainder of his life. He served the church faithfully in these several parishes, and always commanded the affectionate respect of his rectors and fellow vestrymen. Mr. Ward was probably best known among the musical people of the Oranges. In early life he developed an exceptional taknt for vocal music. He possessed a sweet tenor voice, and devoted his musical talents religiously to the service of God, but at the same time engaged freely in all musical entertainments and musical societies in the Oranges. As a musician he was one of the most gifted men e\cr known in this locality. He was entirely self-taught, and yet was able to lead and instruct others. He excelled in instrumental music, especially with the \iolin. He was one of the founders of the Handel and Hayden Society, and when, during the temporary absence of its leader, Mr. Ward was urged to take the position, he discovered for the first time, as did also his friends, that he possessed all the elements of leadership, exceeding even those of the trained professor. When the Beethoven Society was organized, with the best musical talent in Orange, Mr. Ward was unanimously selected as its leader. He was a noble Christian man and all his talents were devoted to the service of God. Philip Ward was one of those singers described by Longfellow: " God sent His singers upon earth With songs of sadness and of mirth, That they might touch the hearts of men And bring them back to Heaven again." He loved the praises of God and was never so happy as when the responsibility was entirely or in part laid upon him of leading in that most important part of Christian worship. His duties were never rendered in a perfunctor}- manner ; he was ever among the first to join in all parts of such worship. P"or nearly three score years his voice was heard in God's praise. He \oiced the sorrow and joy, the grief and consolation, in sweet songs and solemn h\mns, and will e\er be remembered by those who knew him as the "sweet singer of Israel." After a lingering illness, in which he bore patiently his sufferings, he fell asleep May 4, 18S6. Mr. Ward married Mary Ann Campbell, and had seven children. His surviving son Linus, who resides in East Orange, has been for many years connected with with the Bank of America, New York City, and is at present Receiving Teller. THE WILLIAMS FAMILY. The first to adopt the name of Williams as a surname, was Roger Williams, of Llangibby Castle and the Priory at Uske, County Monmouth, England. He was said to be a direct descendant of Brychan Brecheinisg, prince and lord of Brecknock, who lived about the year 490. It is a family tradition that Matthew Williams, the progenitor of the Newark and Orange branch of the Williams family, was in love with the daughter of a wealthy English gentleman named Condict, who opposed the match. The couple were married, however, without the knowledge of their parents, and came to America. They settled first in Massachusetts and removed thence to Wethersfield, Conn., in 1638, where he died. His wife immediately prepared to return to her home in England, but died before the vessel sailed. Their children were: Amos, born 1645; Matthew, born 164;, died young; Ruth, born 1649, married Caleb Picrson ; Matthew, again, born 1651: Sciiiiiul, born 1653. It is supposed that these three sons came to Newark about the same time. SECOXD OENERA.X10N. Matthew Williams (2), son of Matthew (i), was born in 1657. He came to Newark and was admitted a planter by a vote of the town, November 29, 1680, at the age of twenty-nine, together with four others "provided they pay the purchase of what land they have as other Planters have done." In 114 The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. January, i68S, George Day exchanged lands with Matthew Wilhams, the latter parting with a dwelling- house, shop, and other edifices, and orchards and lands near Newark, and receiving two tracts at the mountain bounded east by Wigwam Brook, and the other on Farrow's Brook. Matthew removed to the Mountain in 1695, where he died Nov. 12, 1732. His residence was located on the south side of Eagle Rock Road, near where the mountain stream unites with Wigwam Brook. By his wife, Ruth , he had Jemima, born 1686. married Samuel Harrison, son of Samuel ; Jane, married Abraham Soveril ; Amos, horn 1690; Eunice, born 1692; Matthew, born 1694; Gershom, born 1698; T/io»i^s, horn 1700; Joanna, born 1702, married John Condit ; Rebecca, born 1703, married Joseph Hedden. THIRD QENERATION. Amos Williams, eldest son of Matthew (2) and Ruth ( ) Williams, was born in Newark, in 1690, and moved with his father to the mountain. He was a cooper by tratle, also a justice of the peace. He married Mary Nutman, a native of Edinburgh, Scotland. He received by deed from his father-in- law, " for love and affection," one hundred acres. He was surveyor of highways in i/^/S, assessor 1741-2. He died in 1754. His children were: Enos, born 1724; Sarah, born 1728; Nathaniel, born '733; James, born 1737; Btiijavii it, horn 1739. Matthew Williams (3), fourth child of Matthew 121 and Ruth ( j Williams, was born at the homestead of his father, in 1694. He gave a deed for "Land where the Parsonage house stands on," in 1748, for " due consideration." He married Abigail Nutman, and had Isaac, born 1722 ; Sarah, born 1724, married Joseph Munn ; James, born 1727; Jemima, born 1729; Lydia, born 1731; T/iovias, horn 1740. Gershom Williams, fifth child of Matthew and Ruth ( ) Williams, was born at the mountain homestead, in 1698. He married Hannah Lampson and had issue, Ruth, born 1723, married Daniel Condit; Joanna, married David Tichenor ; Matthew, married Mary Dodd, Gershom, born 1730: Eleazor, born 1734; Joseph, Zadock. Thomas Williams, sixth child and younge.st son of Matthew (2) and Ruth ( ) Williams, was born at the homestead of his father by the mountain, in 1 700. His property adjoined that of his brother Amos, as shown by the description of the Eagle Rock Road, laid out in 1733, described as •' running between the fences of Amos Williams and Thomas Williams." Thomas married Martha, tlaughter of Samuel Dodd, and had issue, Jonathan, born 1740; Timothy; Silas, married Heirsted, and had Elijah, who married Tabitha Williams, daughter of Capt. Thomas Williams; Mary, married David Peck, son of Joseph (3) and Hannah. FOURTH QENERATION. Benjamin Whttams, youngest child of Amos and Mary (Nutman) Williams, was born at the homestead of his father, in 1739. ^" accordance with the will of his father, his brother Nathaniel instructed him in the cooper's trade, which he began when he was fourteen years of age. After he became of age he took, by his father's will, the upper part of the farm, then a wilderness, and com- menced clearing and building a home. He, together with his brothers, built a dam and erected a saw inill on Wigwam Brook. At the breaking out of the War of the Revolution, Benjamin, together with his brothers, espoused the cause of the loyalists. He was honest in his convictions and had the sympathy of his neighbors who differed with him. He was a man of standing and influence in his neighborhood and a recognized leadei, and acquired the soubriquet of "Governor l^en. " which he retained to the end of his life. He took out a written protection from a Ikitish officer in December, 1776, and in February following he took the oath of allegiance to the king and became a member of the Ro\'al Militia. At the close of the war he was induced by his father-in-law and his cousin, Capt. Thomas Williams, whose regard and friendship for his cousin had not been lessened by the diversity of political sentiment, to lake the oath of allegiance to the new government and save his propcrtj-. He did so but never surrendered his convictions. After the close of the war he acquired considerable real estate, started a tan yard, built a The Founders and Buildeks hf the Oranges. 115 bark mill, distillery, currying shop and cider mill. During his stay in New York he read a work on Episcopacy which drew his attention to the ecclesiastical polity and religious faith of the Church of England, which he adopted, and afterward held meetings at his house which were the beginning of tiie movement leading to the organization of St. Mark's Episcopal Church of West Orange. Governor Hcnjamin Williams was twice married, first to Elizabeth Condit ; second, to Phebe Crane, daugiiter of Caleb Crane, of Cranetown, a direct descendant of Jasper Crane, one of the original settlers of Newark, through Deacon Azariah, son of Jasper, who married the daughter of Gov. Treat, of Connecticut. By this marriage he had issue. Elizabeth, Caleb, Enos, Josiah, Phebe, Bcnjaniin. Sniniit/. Philip, Amos, Aletha, James, Mary E. KIKTH GRNERATION. Samuel Williams, seventli child of "Gov. Benjamin" and Phebe (Crane) Williams, was born at the homestead erected by hi^ father on the Eagle Rock Road (still standing), in 1778. He and liis brother Amos became the owners of the tan yard by inheritence. During the War of 1812. when the fear of British pri\ateers dro\e American trading vessels from the seas, they did a very profitable business by .sending black oak hark to Liverpool in hogsheads in Russian bottoms. This continued for many j-ears and Samuel acquired considerable wealth. He was one of the organizers of St. Mark's Episcopal parish and one of the largest contributors to the building fund, and was for many years Senior Warden. There is a marble tablet in the church erected to his memory containing a brief record of his life and services. In his will he left the bulk of his property to religious and benevolent institutions. He provided for a scholarship at the Episcopal Theological Seminary, the student to be named by the rector of St. Mark's Church. lie married Mary, daughter of Joseph Crane and left one child, Charles, still living. Amos Williams, ninth child of "Governor" Benjamin and Phebe (Crane) Williams, was born in 1782, at the Williams homestead in West Orange. He was for many years engaged in the tanning busi- ness with his brother Samuel, on the property where the old homestead is still located, on Valley Road near Eagle Rock Avenue, which was occupied later by his son Edward. The business carried on by the firm of S. & A. Williams was the largest of the kind in the State, and for many years afterward the place was known as the "old tan yard." Amos Williams married Phebe Munn (born 1787, died June 6 1823), daughter of Samuel Munn. They had issue, James Alfred, born 1S09, Stephen, Maria, Margaret and Edward, born 1821. Amos married, second, Joanna Campbell. By his second wife he had one child, William Whittingham. si:x:th generation. Rev. Ja.mes Alfred Williams, D. D., eldest child of Amos (2) and Phebe (Munn) Williams, was born in Orange, September 6, 1809, in what is now the Park House, which was then owned by his grandfather, Samuel Munn. He received a good common school education in the neighborhood. He supplemented this by hard study on his own account and before he arrived at manhood he had a remarkably well stored mind. He assisted his father in the tanneiy until he reached his majority. At this time he became convinced that it was his duty to enter the ministry, and his father sent him to the school of Dr. Barry, in Jersey City, where he was prepared for college. He made such progress in his studies that at the end of eighteen months he was able to enter Columbia College in the junior year, and completed his course two years later. He graduated with high honors, and immediately entered the General Theological Seminary of New York, and was ordained Deacon in St. Mark's Church, Orange, July 10, 1S36, and soon after that Rev. Benjamin Holmes, the rector, died, and Mr. Williams was called to the rectorship. He declined at that time, but took the parish on trial. On August 13th, the follow- ing year, he was ordained a priest in the Episcopal Church, at Burlington, N. J., and he then accepted the rectorship and entered upon its duties, in that capacity, on September 9, 1837. For nearly half a century he ministered to his people in his quiet and earnest manner, visiting the sick and feeble, performing the rites of baptism, of marriage, and of death. About 1843 'le was elected ii6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese, and at tlic time of his death he and the hite J. G. Garthwaite were the last two survivors of the committee to which he originally belonged. When the Diocese of Northern New Jersey was organized, Dr. Williams was made President of the Standing Com- mittee, and held that position at the time of his death. He was President of the Standing Committee of this Diocese and the old Diocese for over thirty years. He was also a Trustee of the General Theo- logical Seminary, and in former years was a delegate to the General Convention. He was also for many years Treasurer of the Ogden Fund for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Clergymen, which office he held at the time of his death. Dr. Williams was a hard student, and one of the best read priests in the Diocese, being an excellent Greek and Hebrew scholar. He was devoted to his parish, and in all his long ministry only once or twice took a vacation, though repeatedly urged to do so bj' his people. Dr. Williams was a warm friend of Bishop Doane. and held up his hands in trouble and financial embarrassments, and took an active interest in St. Mar\''s Hall and Burlington College. Dr. Williams presided over the convention that elected Bishop Odenheimer, and also over the convention that elected Bishop Starkey. He received his degree of D. D. from Columbia College mary years before his death. He was a retiring, modest man, and when urged, at the convention at which Bishop Odenheimer was elected, to allow liis name to be used as a candidate for Bishop, positively declined. He was of a singularly gentle and kindly nature, and was never known to turn his face from a poor man. No beggar ever left his door unaided. He was faithful and zealous in his work and built up a strong and flourishing parish from a weak and feeble beginning. From this parish have grown, diiectly or indirectly, St. Mark's Chapel, Orange Valley: Holy Innocents, West Orange: Holy Communion, South Orange: Grace Church, Orange: Christ Church, East Orange; Christ Church, Bloomfield, and St. Luke's Churcli. Mont- clair. Dr. Williams married early in life Elizabeth, daughter of Ichabod Condit. (son of Samuel, son of Daniel, son of Dr. Williams occupied what was then known as the "Blue House," at the entrance of the present Hutton Park, on the Northfield road. This house was then owned by St. Mark's parish. The children of Rev. James A. and Elizabeth (Condit) Williams were: Maria Elizabeth, James Alfred, deceased ; Selena Frances, Anna Margaret, deceased, and Stephen Whittingham. The latter, with his two sisters, Maria Elizabeth and Selena Frances, occupy a beautiful residence on Linden Place, built since their father's death. These sole survivors of a noble and worthy father, are known and greatly beloved throughout the parish for their many acts of kindness, their liberal contributions to the church, and for their constant and extended help to the poor and suffering. They arc worthy descend- ants of an honored ancestry. RKV. JAMKS A. VVII I.IAMS. p. n. Samuel, the Newark ancestor). When first married. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. n- FOURTH GENEKATIOX. Line of Capt. Thom«s. of Jvlcitthe\v(3\ Matthew (2), M^itthew (1). Captain Thomas Williams, youngest child of Matthew y) and Abigail (Nutman) Williams, was born in 1740 at the homestead erected by his father on the corner of Washington and Day Streets. He was an ardent patriot, and was among the first to espouse the cause of Independence. He was commis- sioned Captain of Second Regiment of Esse.x County, commanded by Colonel I'hilip Van Cortland, attached to ' Upper Brigade." It is said that Washington made occasional visits to his house while in this neighborhood, and consulted with him in regard to the affairs of the surrounding country. While true to the cause he had espoused, he was charitable towards his tory neighbors and relatives, who hon- estly differed with him, and after the close of the war he did everything in liis power to assist them in recovering their property. He inherited the property on the corner of Washington and Park Streets, on which the first grist mill was built in 1780, and owned a one-fourth interest in the mill, which finally passed into the possession of William Brown Williams, and afterwards became the property of Jesse Williams, the grandson of Captain Thomas. He was one of the owners and managers of the sloop Orange, built in 1784, to run between Orange and New York. He was popular with his neighbors and a man of great influence in the community. He married Dorcas Harrison, daughter of Nathaniel Har- rison, and had issue: Phebe, 1762, married Samuel l.indsley; Hannah, 1763, married Daniel Lindsley ; Jesse, married Rebecca John-on: Kcturah, 1767, married Thomas Buckbee: Abigail, 1769, married Joseph Munn; Moses, 1771 ; Matthew, 1774; William, 1777; Tabitha, married Elijah Williams. KIKTH GENERATION. MaI'TUEW Wii.ll\MS, seventh child of Captain Thomas and Dorcas (Harrison) Williams, was born at the homestead, corner of Washington and Day Streets, Orange, in 1774. He was an honest, hard- working farmer, and much respected by his neighbors. He married Phebe, daughter oi Governor Benja- min and Phebe (Crane) Williams. She died in 1805. He had by the first marriage, Phebe, Philip and Sarah. He married, secondly, Elizabeth Leonard, and had John, born 180S, married Catharine Mc- Cormick; Jesse, iSio: Abb}', married Thomas Sergeant Tichcnor : A>//si, 1815, died 1837. SIXTH GENERATION. Jesse Willlams, second child of Matthew and Elizabeth (Leonard) Williams, was born in the old homestead, corner of the present Washington and North Centre Streets, April 29, 18 10. He received a good common school education, and was afterwards apprenticed to the hatters' trade. He inherited from his grandfather, Captain Thomas Williams, the homestead farm, and purchased various other tracts of land. He bought the old grist mill which stood on the place near his homestead, which he continued for some years. He was always fond of books and had a thirst for knowledge, so that in early life he became a great reader. As he grew in years his thirst for books grew with him, and his wonderfully retentive memory enabled him to profit by all he read, and this, combined with a quickness of retort, and a keen sense of the ridiculous, and a vein of sarcasm, made him a dangerous opponent in debate. In politics, he was a pronounced Republican, having been formerly a member of the old Whig party. He held various offices during his life. He was for fifteen years a Justice of the Peace: he was for one term Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and was for two terms Director of the Board of Freeholders for the county ; he was a Major of militia ; for several years a member of the Esse.x County Road Hoard. He was one of the incorporators and a Trustee of the Orange Savings Bank. He married Mary Wil- liams, of West Orange, and had issue: Julia, Jesse, Matthew, and two sons who died in infancy. Line of GersLionn, of Matthew (2), of Xlatthew (1). Joi! Williams, fourth child of Zeniah and Charlotte (Pierce) Williams, of Zophar, Joseph. Ger.shom, Matthew (2), Matthew ( 1), was born in Caldwell, March 21, 1S22. He came to Orange as a young man, and learned the liatters" trade with Allen Dodd, and was afterwards engaged in business on his own ii8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. account, and later moved to Binghamton, N. Y., where he carried on the retail business. He subse- quently returned to Orange and was made Town Collector, and it was while filling the duties of this position that he contracted a disease which caused his death July 4, 1871. He was a leader of the choir in the First Presbyterian Church, and later that of the Second Presbyterian or Ikick Church. He mar- ried Catherine Tichenor Stiles and had issue: Leander, Chauncey G., Richard G., Mary Josephine, and Charles Eckford. Leander Williams, eldest child of Job and Catharine Tichenor (Stiles) Williams, was born at the homestead of his father, on Main Street, November 24, 1828. He attended the common schools of Orange, and afterwards learned tlie hatters' trade with his father, and became the most rapid and expert workman in his father's employ. By industry and economy he saved $500, with which he hoped to obtain a collegiate education, and began his prepara- tory course with Rev. David H. Pearson, of Eliza- beth, N. J. After a year's tuition he was obliged to forego his cherished hopes and plans and return to business, owing to the failure of liis father, the balance of his own savings having been swept away, with other losses. He subsequently started in the hat manufacturing business on his own account, which he carried on successfully until 1866, when, finding it no longer profitable, he sold out. He then entered the employ of the D. L. & W. R. R. Co., continuing for some years. Later he started in the real estate business, and in 1878 accepted the agency of the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company. He was a prominent factor in local politics for many years ; was Town Clerk for three years. Police Justice and Coroner of Esse.x County two years, and under the new regime, when Orange became a full fledged city, he was elected to the Common Council for three years; was Justice of tlie Peace and Street Commissioner. He was the first to demonstrate the practicability of the macadam roads Iti this locality, having succeeded in obtaining an appropriation of $1,800 to test the matter. This he accom- plished after a most bitter fight by his opponents. The hundreds of miles of the best macadam roads in the country, as the result of this "experiment," evinces the wisdom and foresight of its projector. Mr. Williams's attention was first directed to the subject through the report of the United States Surveying Corps for the District of New Jersey, in 1867. This report stated that the Orange Mountain contained an inexhaustible supply of trap rock suitable for macadamized roads. Mr. Williams at that time was Street Commissioner, a member of the Common Council, and chairman of the Committee on Streets and Highways. After obtaining the appropriation of $1,800, which was drawn from the contingent fund of the city, he made a contract with Daniel Brennan, Jr., to macadamize Cone street from Main Street to the Morris and Esse.x Railroad tracks. He was even then threatened with an injunction, but he finally succeeded in overcoming all obstacles and completing the strip of road. This was the first piece of mac- adamized road laid in the State of New Jersey. Its practicabilit)' was fully demonstrated, and large appropriations were soon after made for macadamizing a number of streets in different parts of the Oranges, and it was not long before this system of road-making was adopted in all the large towns and cities throughout the State. 11: \M)f,K w II. MAMS. Till-: Founders and Bni.nERs of the Oranges. "9 Soon after his completion of Cone Street, Mr. Williams was employed by the Telford Pavement Company to superintend the laying of Avenue D and S, in Bayonne, in Hudson County, N. J. He also superintended the laying of Bloomficld Avenue from the Newark line to the top of Mount Prospect. He disbursed upwards of $92,000 in carrying on this work, every dollar of which was expended in the most judicious manner, as was shown in the auditing of his accounts. The introduction of this system of road-making has doubtless increased the value of real estate in this locality millions of dollars, and for his great foresight, energy and obstinacy in first introducing the system, Mr. Williams deserves to rank among the chief Builders of the Oranges. Mr. Williams was prominent in the Masonic Fraternity. He was originally a mcmberof Union Lodge, F. & A. M.. of Orange ; was a charter member and Past Master of Corinthian Lodge, F. & A. M. He was also a member of Orange Chapter, No. 23, R. A. M. Mr. Williams died May 29, 1S95: he was twice married; first to Emily Smith, daughter of Daniel Smith. The issue of this marriage was: Abbie Condit, deceased ; Frank, Robert, Walter and Edgar. (The latter is now editor and proprietor of the Orange Journal!) He married, second, Mary E., daughter of Franklin Hopkins, of Baltimore. Mr. Williams's first wife was a granddaughter of Dr. John Condit, of Revolutionary fame. (See history of Condit family.) CHAPTER X. MILITARY HISTORY OF ORANGE, FROM 1806 TO icS66. iURING the long and terrible crucial experience of the Revolution, the members of the " Mountain Society," which then included almost the entire population of what is now the Oranges, maintained themselves throughout with fortitude, courage and patriotism, leaving to posterity the proud bequeathment of a manhood sans peiir and a reputation sans reproclie. The ratification of the preliminary treaty of peace was made known, a cessation of hostilities was proclaimed on the 19th of April, 1783, just eight years to a day from the time the first gun was fired at Lexington. Twenty-five years after this, almost to a day, President Madison sent a confidential message to Congress, proposing as a measure preliminary to a declaration of war, the passage of a law laying an embargo upon all commerce with the United States for the space of sixty days. On the 19th of June following, just twenty-five years and two months after the close of the Revolution, President Madison issued a proclamation declaring war with England. The conflict that ensued is known as the War of 18 1 2, and may properly be regarded as our Second War for Independence. The chief causes for declaring war were the empressment of American seaman by the I^ritish, the blockade of French ports without adequate force to sustain the act, the orders in counsels and the incitement of the savages to hostilities. The spirit of '76 was re-kindled in the hearts of the Orange veterans and their loyal sons brought out the " fire-locks" and again prepared to fight against their old enemy. The military organizations which grew out of the Revolution had been kept up and new material added from time to time. Squire Stephen D. Day commanded a company in Orange at this time. He, with his company, offered their services and were stationed for a time at Sandy Hook. A recruiting office was opened on Main Street and a number of citizens of Orange enlisted. A rifle company was organized about this time, commanded by Abraham Harrison ; it numbered between forty and fifty. Each man furnished his own uniform and gun. Joseph A. Condit, known as " Landlord Condit," commanded an artillery company in 1818. There was also a cavalry or " horse" company consisting of about fifty men, commanded by Capt. Joseph Smith. The enlisted men wore blue uniforms trimmed with yellow braid. "Training Day," held usuall\- in April, was a notable event at that time. These companies continued in service until 1824. The men in those da\s were compelled to serve ten years. The Mexican War, in 1845, ^^'^^ '^ notable event in the history of the Oranges. There was no lack of patriotism among the people antl quite a number enlisted from Orange, among them a son of Rev. Mr. Gallagher, pastor of the Brick Church, who served as a commissioned officer with the American troops. The militia was revived in 1850 and interest in miiitar\- affairs continued umbated for the next twenty-five years. The Fifth Regiment was organized in 1850, under the command of Col. Chester Robinson, with Nelson Lindsley, of Orange, as Adjutant. The Union Blues were mustered into the militia at this time as an artillery company. It was commanded b\- George B. Osmun, with John Lang as First Lieutenant, and John B. McCord, Second Lieutenant. Tlie following year the company was re-organized as an infantry company. It became a separate company and was then known as the Orange Blues. Under the reorganization, Lucius Robinson became Captain, Leander Williams, First Lieutenant, and Marshall N. Smith, Second Lieutenant. The company disbanded soon after the TnK ForxnEKs ANn Ruii.dkrs of the Okanges. 121 brcakintj out o( tlie Civil War, a number of the members having enlisted in otlier companies. The Liberty Rifles was also organized about 1850. Each man carried a gun with a sword bayonet attached and also carried a tomahawk ; the company wore a green uniform. The O'Brien Columbian Rifles, the American Continentals and the Price Artillery were all organized about this time; the latter was named in honor of Rodman M. Price, at that time Governor of New Jersey. These companies were organized at individual e.xpense, the State only furnishing the arms. Fourth of July Celebration. 1861. Eighty-fifth Anniversary. At 7 o'clock, the military companies began to fall in. These consisted of the Orange Blues, Captain L. A. S. Robinson, the Union Guards, Captain B. F. Cairnes, the Union Rifles, Captain VV. Reeves, and a company from the mountain numbering from 40 to 50 men under tiic command of Lieutenant Orlando Williams. The Juxenile Home Guartl of some 30 boys in Zouave uniform, completed the military forces, numbering in all about 160 men and commanded by Col. Munn. The troops moved down to the Brick Church where, at 8 o'clock, an interesting ceremony of raising the national ensign on a pole fift\- feet high, erected in front of the Ashland School House, took place. The e.xercises opened with prayer by Rev. J. Crowell, after which a handsome flag, eight feet by twelve, was run up by thirty-four young ladies robed in white, each wearing a wreath of flowers around her heatl and wearing a blue sash on which was borne in conspicuous gilt letters, the names of the thirty-four States of the American Union. An address was made by Rev. Theron Baldwin. After the ceremony the militia marched up to the Green in front of the Park House, where they were reviewed by Brigadier-General Jos. A. Condit. Remarks were made by Mayor Pierson. Oration was delivered by J. W. Whiting, Esq. Joseph A. Condit was made Brigadier General in 1S57. and the members of his staff were: A. F. Munn, Colonel ; Isaac P. Baldwin, Lieutenant-Colonel ; S. D. Condit, Major ; John L. Blake, Judge Advo- cate ; Jeptha B. Lindsley, Paymaster; William B. Condit, Quartermaster. Soon after the breaking out of the war, the regiment was gradually dissolved, a number of the members having enlisted in other regiments. The Civil War, 1861-65. It is a noteworthy fact that seven of the most important events in the history of our country occurred in the month of April. The Battle of Lexington was fought on April 19, in 1775 ; peace was declared on the 19th of April, 1783. The second War for Independence, known as the War of 1S12-15, was declared in April, and the first battle of the Me.xican War was fought on the i8th of April, 1847. The beginning of the great Civil War, the bombardment of Fort Sumpter, took place on the 12th of April, 1S61 ; President Lincoln's proclamation calling for seventy- five thousand troops was dated the 15th of April ; the surrender of Lee and the close of the rebellion was on the 9th of April, 1865. The people of the Oranges were quick to respond to President Lincoln's call for volunteers. Among the first to enlist for the war were John Williams, Benjamin Skinner and David A. Pierson, all of East Orange : they enlisted in the First Regiment, of Newark. There were probably otliers whose names appear in the State military records, but of whom no separate list in connection with the Oranges has been preserved. In September, 1862, the Thirteenth and Twenty-si.xth Volunteers were raised in Essex, the camp being located just off Park Avenue, near the canal, and was named Camp Frelinghuysen. Edward D. Pierson was a Lieutenant in Company E, Thirteenth Regiment, but was promoted Captain of Company D, 1864, and Ambrose M. Matthews was Captain of Company I. Addison Freeman, brother of Wilberforce Freeman, was Assistant Surgeon, but died from overwork and exposure. There was also a whole company in the regiment from Orange. Company H, of the Twenty-si.xth Regiment, was raised by S. Uzal Dodd, who had been promoted to the position of Adjutant of the Orange Brigade. This regiment went out shortly after the Thirteenth, and served for only nine months. The members of Company H were wholly from Orange. George Harrison also raised a company for this regiment, partly from Orange and South Orange. This was Company G. Both Dodd and Harrison were commissioned Captains of the companies they raised. Just as the time was expiring, Captain Dodd was mortally [22 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. wounded while crossing the Rappahannock, at the battle of Fredericksburg. A number of Orange boys also joined the Second District Columbia Volunteers. Orange assumed a military aspect during war times. In 1861, Benjamin F. Cairns, of Brick Church, orgatiized a company of militia, with about seventy-five members. The officers were: Captain, Benjamin F. Cairns; First Lieutenant, Jeremiah P. Ball; Second Lieutenant, Charles Crane. Among the members were First Sergeant Thomas Green- leaf, Jotham H. Condit, Nathan W. Pierson. John Coyne, John Purdue, Richard Purdue, William McChesney, Samuel D. Pierson, Ferdinand Coyne, Joseph S. VVharry, Ira C. Dodd, Samuel M. Free- man, William H. Freeman, Fred. W. Anderson, Joseph Parsons, Conger Stoll, Luther Stoll, Albert Munn, Jabez Condit, J. P. Ennis. This company was known as the Union Guards, and they drilled in the basement of old Brick Presbyterian church, and afterwards in Timothy Mulford's carriage shop. The officers offered the services of the company' to the goverment, but they would not accept it as a body. After that time the members began to enlist for the war and the company disbanded. Company B, Second Regiment, First Brigade, Second Division, New Jersey Rifle Corps, in the service of the State, was organized in Orange, July 20, 1863. Colonel Plume was then in command of the regi- ment. Company B consisted of representative men of Orange. Warren McChesney was Captain, George P. Kingsley, I""irst Lieutenant, and Joseph W. McChesney Second Lieutenant. Among the members were Charles W. Banta, James M. .Smith, Jared B. Porter, Henry Blaurock, Melzar Smith, James Young, Levi Van Buskirk, Samuel Blaurock, William Cleveland, Jabez P. Condit, Henry Dodwell, William Henderson, Philip Kingsle\-. Geo. Perry, Samuel C. Pierson. Edward B. Reeves. Charles W. .Smith, George Smith, William Smith. Wallace Soverel, W. Irven Soverel, F. X. Schieman, Horace Stetson, Sebastian Trabold, Walter Varndcll, Robert Varndell, A. P. Williams, Zenas Williams, J. F. Wilson, A. T. Williams, B. F. Crofut. Mark A. Ward. According to the muster of 1865, there were sixty-one officers and men on the rolls. The company assumed the title of Home Guards and kept things going lively while they existed. The company drilled in Central Hall. Warren McChesney resigned his commission after the war and George P. Kingsley became Captain, Joseph W. McChesney First Lieutenant, and Charles K. Ensign, who had been First Sergeant, was elected Second Lieutenant. Then, again. Captain Kingsley resigned and Captain McChesney took hold of the company, August Dykman being Second Lieutenant at that time. The company finally became tired of going to Newark to battallion drills, and about the year 1873 disbanded. Among the many brave men, natives or residents of the Oranges, who served in the war, there are a number worthy of special mention. The difficulty of obtaining correct data, however, necessitates the omission of some who are truly deserving. CAPTAIN AHBROSE HEEKER MATTHEWS. The great Civil War that swept over our land like a mighty c\xlone, carrying death and destruction in its course and bringing sorrow and desolation into thousands of homes, was not without its blessings. It established on a firmer basis the great principles of ci\il and religious liberty, for which our forefathers fought and died. It developed in their descendants those strong personal traits — that intense love of liberty, unselfish patriotism, and individual heroism, without which life would not be worth living. It aroused the dormant energies of the individual, and afforded him the opportunity for the development of hereditary traits, of which he was apparently unconscious. Without this opportunity General Grant would still have been living in Galena, with no higher aspirations than to become its mayor, that he might improve the condition of its streets. The development of the hereditary traits of Captain Matthews, for which his ancestors, who were among the founders as well as the defenders of the Republic, were conspicuous, is due in a great measure to the events connected with the Civil War. The discipline incident to army life, the personal courage, self-reliance, and unselfish devotion tr. Mi.x left there was an interval of nearly sixteen months that the church was without a pastor and relied wholly on supplies. Rew Henry M. Storrs, the eleventli pastor of this church, was installed November i, 1882; his labors were terminated by tlcath December i, 1894. The total membership when he began his labors was 496; at the present time it is "jjOi, showing a net increase of 280. Many improvements were made during the twelve years of his pastorate. The organ was removed from the front end of the church to the space behind tlie pul[)it and an addition made to the chapel building, at a cost of about $32,000. A Christian Endeavor Society was organized which has accomplished much good. A mission among the Italians was begun and successfully carried forward under the supervision of the Session. Rev. Henry Martyn Storrs, D. D., L.L. D., second cliild of Rev. Charles Backus and Vashti Maria (Pierson) Storrs, was born in Ravenna, Ohio, January 20, 1827, died in Orange, N. J., December i, 1894. He is a descendant of Samuel Storrs, the ancestor, through Samuel (2), John, Rev. John, Rev. Richard and Rev. Charles Backus. He entered Amherst College in his fifteenth year, graduating with honor in 1S46, and afterwards entered Andover Theological Seminary from which he was graduated in 1851. As soon as he graduated he entered upon the pastorate of an important church at Lawrence, Mass. The church grew rapidlj' and the whole community felt the influence of his presence. After three years' labors he was called to the First Orthodox Congregational Church, of Cincinnati. His pastorate there was richly blessed. Dr. Storrs' health failed him through overwork and it was supposed that consumption had marked him as a victim, but by exercise in the open air and horseback riding he regained his health and strength. In 1S65 he was sent to England to speak on behalf of the freedmen. He made a deep impression on the people there and acquired a great reputation as an orator and eloquent platform speaker. In 1867 he was called to the pastorate of the South Congregational Church, Brooklyn, where he remained five years. He was then chosen Corresponding Secretary of the American Missionary Society and in this capacity traveled extensively, presenting the cause of the Society both in this country and in foreign lands. He continued his labors in this line until 1882, when he was called to the pastorate of this church, continuing until his death. As a preacher. Dr. Storrs possessed intellectual abilities of a high order. Few men in the pulpit at the present age had such a strong grasp of the great subjects with which the Christian minister is called upon to deal. In his discourses he often rose to the heights of eloquence. He always impressed his hearers as being a man of large resources, of strong, forceful speech. He had the power of expressing strong emotion in striking language. He spoke out of the abundance of the heart and hence his eloquence was of a kind that produced conviction. During his course at Amherst College, Dr. Storrs met Miss Catharine Hitchcock, daughter of Rev. Edward Hitchcock, D. D., then President of the college, and six years later, in 1852, they were married. The children of Rev. Henry Martyn and Catharine (Hitchcock) Storrs were: Mary, born 1857, died in infancy; Charles Bigelow, born August 23, 1859; Katherine, born March 8, 1861 ; Richard Salter, born May 4, 1868. The membership of the church is about 800; that of the Sunday School, over 600. Mr. A. W. Kilborne is Superintendent of the latter. The present officers of the church are : Elders.— OXw^r S. Carter, A. \V. Kilborne, Charles .\. Lindsley, Andrew Mason. Josiah H. Reed, E. P. Starr. Edwin S. Simons, J. VV. Stickler. Jr., Frank H. Scott, Edward H. Williams, Daniel Wilson. A-a^r^w.— William Beach, Wm. H. Dodd, Rufus Meade, Stephen T. Smith, Edward P. Smith, Wm. P. Towne, Horton D. Williams, Robert P. Williams. Trustees.— O. S. Carter, Wm. H. Dodd, Everett Frazar, John Gill, Charles A. Lindsley, Albert D. Smith, Wm. P. Towne. Proi'RIETARV Land Grants. Among the inducements held out to the settlers by the Proprietors 138 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. of East Jersey was the offer of two hundred acres of land for the support of public worship in each parish. A warrant for the survey of two hundred acres and meadow for a parsonage was granted to the Newark settlers October 23, 1676. The actual survey was not made till April 10, 1696. In process of time, as the civil and religious affairs of the town were separated and new religious services were formed, these lands became a source of much contention. The Mountain Society and the Episcopal Church demanded a division, claiming for themselves an equal share with the First Society, as thev were a part of it when the land grant was made. The latter had the legal title to sustain it in claiming the whole. F"rom 1760 onward, for many years the subject was agitated in almost every town meeting. Votes were passed and then rescinded as the opposite parties happened to be in the majority. In March, 1761, " at a very full and public meeting, it was voted and argued that the said lands, granted by said letters patent to lie for a parsonage, be equally divided in quantity and quality, exclusive of the improvements made thereon, among said three societies or congregations." Bethuel Pierson and five others were "appointed agents to divide and allot said lands to said societies and to apply to the Governor, Council and General Assembly to confirm the same by law." In this committee those who lepresented the old Society refused to act and the trustees of the Society entcretl their protest on the record, thus frustrat- ing the measure and prolonging the strife. In 1784 the animosity was quieted by a compromise, the new societies receiving a dividend of the lands but holding them under lease as tenants-at-will. " We find the above date (1784)," says Rev. Mr. Hoyt, " in an original paper preserved by the trustees of this parish from which, and other papers in their possession, wc gather also the following facts. The lease gi\en ' on or about May 10, 1784,' to be continued at will, was revoked by the Newark trustees, acting under instructions from the society, May 20, 1797, thus reviving the controversy. In 1802 another conveyance was made, by lease of fifty-si.x acres lying between Newark and Orange, the terms of the lease being that it should be renewed at the end of each t\\ ent>'-one years, forever, the lessees paying an annual rent of sixpence if demanded. The lease was renewed in 1823, which was the only title the old society could give under the original grant. But having applied, in 1828, to the Legislature for a special act enabling them to convey the land in fee simple, such an act was passed and a deed of the said fifty-six acres was given to the Orange Society August 29, 1826, which settled all land controversy between the societies. The land, however, has long since ceased to be the property of the parish." Sale of Parish Lands Belonging to the First Presijv i eriax Church. In 1802, four years before Orange became a separate township, the Society of the First Church began to dispose of its property on Main Street for building lots, the interest to be appropriated towards the support of the gospel. Five lots north and eight lots south of the street were accordingly sold for the sum of three thousand five hundred and forty-six dollars, secured by bond and mortgage. The strip of ground already used for a "common," lying opposite the parsonage (which stood in what is now Grace Church grounds), was to be reserved for that purpose forever. The eight lots lay along the southern border of this, from Willow Hall east, anil contained a little over six acres. The common was for a special and patriotic use, as well as for the public convenience and for the adornment of the village. Orange Sloop. This was another " ecclesiastical enterprise " adopted by the First Presbyterian Church to produce a revenue and at the same time accommodate the members. The plan was to bu\- or build a vessel to be used for the benefit of the parish, and run it between Newark, N. J., and Albany, N. Y., stopping at intermediate ports. The money was raised by subscription, and the parish was to receive one-third of the profits from each trip. The sloop was built in Newark and made many successful trips, the income from this source amounting to from forty to si.xty pounds sterling each year. The property was subsequently sold and the proceeds applied to the church building fund. Disintegk.'vtion of the Mother Church and the Formation of New Churches. Rev. James Hoyt, in his History of the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, referring to the movements which were begun in 1825 for the organization of a church of another denomination, said: "Yet the population of Orange, until this period, adhered so generally to the doctrines and polity of the Presby- Tin; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 139 tcrian Cluircli that no movement was made to collect a congre- pastorate. I never knew what it was to have an unpleasantness from the first day onward to the end." One hundred and sixty-two were added to the church during his pastorate which came to a close June 9, 1871. after a period of eleven years. His successor. Rev. John H. Worcester, began his labors January 10. 1872. continuing until December 21, 1882. Soon after he began his labors the Mission Sunday School at Vailsburg was 14^ Thk Founders anI) Rini.DKKs of the Oranges. establisheti (May. 1874), to which the Misses Kilbuin coiUrilnitcd §2,000 for the building of a chapel On June 13, 1881, the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of this cliurch was observed with appropriate services. Two of the former pastors, Rev. Josepli Vance, of Erie, I'a., and Rev. J. A. Maxwell, of Titusville, Pa., were present and took part in the services. Two of the three original members were also present and thirty of those who worshipjsed with the congregation the first year of its organization were present and occupied the front pews. At the evening service, after the reading of the scripture by the Rev. E. Mix, D. D., and prayer by the Rev. Joseph Vance, a sermon was preached by the Rev. J. Allen Maxwell, and a paper recalling '"Memoirs of Fifty Years Ago," prepared by Elder Moses A. Peck, who was prevented by illness from being present, was read by Elder Daniel Wilson, after which the greeting of the parent church, the First Church of Orange, was presented on behalf of its session, by Rev. E. Mi.x, D D., the late pastor. Rev. John R. Fisher was called to the pastorate of this church January 14. 1884, continuing until May I, 1S93. In 1892, sLxty-five members were dismissed from this church and organized Trinity Presbyterian Church, of South Orange. Rev. George L. Spinning, D D., the present incumbent, began his work as pastor-elect December 1, 1893, but was not installed until May 2, 1895. The congregation continued to worship in the old frame building until 1880. A movement was made that year for the erection of a new house of worship, and the sum of §20.000 was raised for that purpose. The old frame building was remo\cd and the present beautiful brown stone edifice was erected on the original site. This was not completed until 1895. The total cost was about §35,000. The seating capacity of the main building is about 650. The present membership of the church is 2S0 ; that of the Sunday School, including officers, teachers and scholars, is 220. The following persons have filled the several positions since the organization of the church: Ruling Elders. — Samuel Freeman, 1831-1835; John Ball, 1831-1838; Aaron C. Beacli, 1831-1853; I'eter Peck, 1832-1865; Daniel Beach, 1832-1862; Ira Taylor, 1835-1885; John Smith Brown, 1835,1893; Daniel Freeman Ball, 1861-1869; Moses A. Peck, i86i-i>S82; Aaron B. Brown, 1867-1889; Daniel J. Sprague, 1867-1872; Joseph L. Tainter, 1867-18S1; Edward E. Francis, 1875-1887; Daniel Wilson, 1875-1887; James W. Conrow, 1882-1889; Edward IJ. Shepherd, 1882-1888; Jacob B. Maxwell, June 10, 1883, still in ofifice; George S. Garrison, 1885-1893; Thomas P. Mulligan, 1886-1888; William H. Tweddell, 1887-1889; Edwin Stewart, 1888-1891: William H. Stevenson, June 24, 1889, still in office; David C.Allen, June 24. 1889. still in ofifice; P. K. Wilson, 1890-1893; William II. Nichols, June 22, 1890, still in office; John \'. P. Schanck, June 14, 1891, still in ofifice; Elliott H. Whitlock, 1893-1894; Francis B. Salisbury, June 9, 1895, still in ofifice. Deacons — Samuel Freeman, 1832-1835 ; John Ball, 1832-1838; Peter Peck, 1838-1865; Job Crowell, 1838-1854; Ira Taylor, 1854-1885; Ira T. Freeman, 1867-1877; Frederick W. Newton. 1867-1874: W. J. Chandler, 1877-1892; Andrew B. Hutchinson, 1886-1890; David C. Allen. January 20, 1886, still in office; David Scull, 1887-1892; J. L. Kitchell, June 14, 1891, still in office; Samuel E.Young, June 26, 1892, still in office. First Pkesbyterian Ciil'kcii, ok East Orange, corner of .Munn Avenue and Main Street. The religious movement which formed the nucleus of this church and society began w ith a Sunday School as early as 1824, and was the first organized effort in this direction outside of the First Presby- terian Church of Orange. Sunday School services were held for some )ears in private houses and parents were glad to avail themselves of this opportunity to place their children under religious instruction. Among those who were prominent in the management of this work at the beginning, were Abram R. Marsh, Levi Lathrop, Aaron Peck and Ira Canficld. After the completion of the Eastern school-hou.se, in 1830, the use of it on Sundays was obtained for the Sunday School. Henry Ball was then the superintendent. He was succeeded by Henry Pierson in 1834, who conducted it successfully for sixteen years. In 1850, Samuel E.Jones became superintendent and continued until the new movement for a church was begun. Weekly prayer meetings were held for several years and Tin: Founders and I^uilukrs of the Oranges. ■47 as the population increased it became evident that the time was ripe for a new cluircli organization. Efforts were begun in this direction earl\- in 1S63, and on June 9 of that year a meeting of tlie citizens favorable to the new enterprise was held at the Eastern District school-house. At this meeting the site of a church edifice was decided upon and a committee was appointed to arrange for tlie organization of a church society to be called the First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. A committee was also appointed to take the necessary steps for the election of trustees. On June 24 followin;^, a meeting of tlie congregation was held in the school-house above referred to and the Presbyter\- of Newark was represented by Rev. John Croweil, Rev. James Hoyt and Rev. Charles T. ilalsey. Fift\-se\en persons presented letters of dismissal from other churches and became the constituent members of the new church organization. Henry Pierson, Jotham Hedden and Samuel C. Jones were elected elders. On July 6, a Board of Trustees was elected consisting of Jotham Hedden, John M. Randall, J. O. Munn, Daniel F. Colie and Fernando Crane. Steps were taken at once for the erection of a church edifice on the present site, which had already been secured. A Building Committee was appointed of which Mr. J. M. Randall was chairman. Although not a member of the church Mr. Randall was one of the most active in the movement to organize the church and in raising funds to carry forward the work of building. He solicited (mm his friends in this locality and in various parts of the countr\', and obtained nearly §10,000 in subscriptions. A large, fine edifice of brown stone in the Gothic style of architecture was erected which, at the time, was probli from I'rinceton Theological .Seminary, began his pastorate here September 24, 1879, and was dismissed October 12. 1S82, when he was called to the Second Presbyterian Church, in Chicago, one of the strongest of this denomination in the West. His loss was greatly felt and the cluucii was for nearly two years without a pastor. Rev. J. H. Whitehead was installed as pastor July 1. 18S4. He had previously been in the Dutch Reformed Church and after about a year's pastorate t)f this church he resigned and was succeeded by Rev. James M. Ludlow, D. D., who was installed March 12, 1886. No dissensions or divisions liave ni, irked the history of this church. It has been one of steady growth and has gathered in the strongest elements in the community. During the pastorate of Dr. Ludlow it has risen to a still higher plane and is without doubt one of the strongest and most prosperous churches in the County, and ranks high in the denomination throughout the State. It has continued to maintain a large and successful Sunday School and established many years ago one of the most successful mission interests in the Oranges, viz.: The Elmwood Chapel. In 1876 the church was IIKM I'KESHV 1 K.KIAN LHIKLH. K.\5 T i.K.VNGK. 148 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. enlaro-ed by adding to the sides and building a new lecture room, the amount expended being $39,537.24. A second enlaro-ement of the main auditorium was made in the spring of 1888 at an expense of §29,701.28. In 1S89 the Elmwood Chapel was built, at an expense of $8,561.97. The total valuation of the church property is now about $100,000. The total number of members received since the organization of the church to January i, 1896, is 1,300. The present membership is 750. The present ofificers are: Elders. — George W. Fortmeyer, Samuel Burnham, William G. Thoma.s, William H. Harper, William Baigree, Dr. Charles A. Groves, William J. Hiss. Clerk of Session, Samuel Burnham. Deacons. — Josiah B. McCoy, Charles W. Bridgeman, Robert Burnett, Theron Rockwell, Charles A. Trowbridge, Da\id K. Downer, Edward C. Adams. James M. Dewar. Rev. James Meeker Ludlow. 1). D., L. H. D. Dr. Ludlow is a thoroughbred American. On his father's side he traces his descent from one of the earlier settlers of Southampton, L. L, about 1650. On his mother's side, from one of the founders of Elizabeth, N. J. The name of William Ludlow does not appear on the list of Southampton townsmen in May, 1649, but his sons' are on that of 1657. He came from Matlock, a village in Derbyshire, England. His will is the first one recorded in the New York colonial records. The name of Ludlow was generally written Ludlam down to about the time of the Revolutionary War. Joseph, a son or grandson of William Ludlow, settled at Cape May, N. J., after 1675. Obadiah Ludlam, probably a grandson of William, came from Long Island and settled in W'estfield. They had one child, Obadiah. Obadiah Ludlam, Jr., son of Obadiah Ludlam, married Phcbe Marsh, of Wcstfield, and had issue, ten children, the eighth of whom was JoscpJi. Joseph Ludlow, son of Obadiah and Phebe (Marsh) Ludlam, was born December 17, 1779, lived on Stony Hill and was an elder in the Presbyterian Church. He married Betsy Morehouse and had issue, Aaron, Ezra, Amos, Smith, Hannah and Joseph. Ezra Ludlow, son of Joseph and Betsy (Morehouse) Ludlow, was born in New Providence, N. J., in 1803. He married Deborah Crane, daughter of John Crane (of Caleb, Jonathan, Jasper, Jr., Jasper, Sr., the ancestor). They had issue, Levi Mulford, Francis. John Joseph, Erastus Darwin, died young, Erastus Darwin (2), William Edgar, George Watson, Janus Mccktr. Rev. James Meeker Ludlow, youngest child of Ezra and Deborah (Crane) Ludlow, was born at Elizabeth, N. J., March 15, 1841. He graduated from Princeton College in 1861 ; one year previous he delivered the Junior Oration. He graduated from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1864 and was at that time selected by the faculty of the college to deliver the Master's Oration. P'or several months he acted as assistant to Rev. Dr. David Magee, in the Second Presbyterian Church, of Elizabeth. In the autumn of 1864 he was called to his first pastorate, succeeding Rev John X. Campbell, at the First I'resbyterian Church, of Albany, N. Y. He remained there four years, and in the latter part of 1868 he accepted a call to the Collegiate Reformed Church, New York City. The handsome, commodious edifice at Forty-eighth Street and Fifth Avenue was built during his eight years' service. He was highly esteemed by the members of this church and congregation, but a determination of the officers of the consistory to maintain the rotation system led to his resignation. His next charge, in 1877, was the Westminster Church at the corner of First Place and Clinton Street, Brooklyn, where he became verj- popular. During the trial of Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage. which occupied seven weeks. Dr. Ludlow acted as Moderator of the Presbytery. He presided with great dignity and impartiality during the entire session. His ruling that the admission of testimony should be governed by the same rules as prevailed in civil courts, tliougii vigorously combatted at the time, was sustained, and has .since been warmly commended. His rulings on various other points which came up in the trial showed great skill and discretion. In 1871 he was honored b\' Williams College with the title of D. I)., and no progressive, manly clergyman has ever worn his pulpit garb and parch- ment rank more modesth-. The Founders and Ri'ii.ders of the Oranges. i4y In 1881 Dr. Ludlow visited Europe, extending his tour to Egypt. Syria, Palestine, Turkey and Greece, being absent from iiome six months. On his return he gave several lectures descriptive of his journey which had supplied him with a vast fund of information and laid the foundation for his subsequent literary success. Westminster Church experienced a steady growth under his care. Eighteen thousand dollars of debt was paid off, while liberal contributions were made to home missions and the various boards of the church. In 1884 Dr Ludlow delivered the commencement address at Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. The following year he was offered the presidenc\- of Marietta College, in Ohio, which he declined. In January, 1S86, having accepted a call from the Munn .Avenue Presbyterian Church, of East Orange, he began his pastorate the same month and from this time forward the church has experienced a rapid growth, the number of communicants having increased from about four hundred to seven hundred during his pastorate. The church edifice has heen enlarged, at a cost nf over §34,000. witli a seating capacity of over [,000. A new organ — one of the largest in the State — has been added and a mission building erected at a cost of over §9,000. The various auxiliary societies, all of which are working in harmony with and under the pastor's direction, are in a flourishing condition. In addition to his local work as a pastor, Dr. Ludlow has been for many years a regular contributor to the various religious newspapers and periodicals. While his literary work has been largely of an ephemeral character, such as articles and reviews for periodicals, editorials and minor .special contributions, he has, in a permanent form, given to the reading public, in consecutive order, since 1883, the following volumes: "A Man for A' That." or " My Saint John," "Concentric Chart of History," " Captain of the Janizaries." " King of Tyre," "That Angelic Woman" Referring to his "Captain of the Janizaries," The Journalist (New York) sa\'s: "The last named book has met with great favor. It is a stor\- of the times of Scander- berg and the fall of Con'-tantinople. Its four hundred duidecimo pages are replete with interest. To a vigorous style Dr. Ludlow adds dramatic force. His scenic effects are good, his dialogue spirited." Dr. Ludlow is now engaged on a historical work on the Age of the Crusaders, which is to be one of a series of ten on the epochs of church history. Among the other writers of this scries are Bishops Cox, I'otter and Doane, of the Episcopal church, and Drs. Vincent and Van Dyke, of the Presbyterian. Dr. Ludlow, in preaching, uses either the written or extempore method with equal facility. Refer- ring to his style of preaching, the above-mentioned writer remarks : "When he preaches from notes he does not strictly confine himself to the written thought. His self-possession is as marked as his style is attractive." "His congregation is made up of intelligent, practical men and women. Largely composed of New York merchants and professional men, the Munn Avenue church members are earnest believers in that Christianity which impels a man to back his sympathy with his pocketbook. This church is out- ranked by few in the United States in benefactions. It is a pleasure for such real, whole-souled folks as its members to listen to Dr. Ludlow. His clear enunciation of faith and facts impresses all hearers. His is no gospel of doubt. You feel at once that he believes every word he utters and that he honestly thinks it is good for others to have a like belief." That the people of this church and congregation fully endorse the sentiments expressed by a critical journalist is evidenced by the hearty support they have given him, and their personal love and devotion to him as a man and as a pastor. His influence in the community is as marked as that in his own church, and while eschewing politics he has earnestly supported ever>- public movement tending to the moral and religious advancement of the people regardless of denominational interests. Dr. Ludlow is a director of Union Seminary and a member of the Board of Home Missions. He received, in 1890, from Princeton College, the degree of L. H. D. He married, in 1865, Miss Emma J. Orr, daughter of David Orr, of Albany. Issue. Julia Orr. David Orr, deceased. William Orr. architectural engineer, Eleanor, Edith, Grace and Frederic Orr. ISO Ttte Founoers and Bt'ilders of the Oranges. Elmwooi) Chapel. This is an outgrowth of and was founded by the pastor and people of the First Presbyterian or Munn Avenue Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. The lot on which the chapel is located, corner of West Street and Elmwood A\enue, was given by Mrs Anna M. Trippe, in accordance with a " Memorandum of Agreement " made by her with the trustees of the First Presby- terian Church, of East Orange, October 20, 1873. The conditions of this agreement were that regular religious services be held for two years, at least as often as once in two weeks. The record of the first two years showed an average of more than two services each week. The roll of the first Sunday- School, orofanized March i, 1S74, showed 28 scholars and teachers In December, 1889, the number was 225. Mr. Richard Purdue was its first Superintendent, who held the position for one year. He was followed by Truman H. Baldwin, who continued until 1880 and was succeeded by Mr. F. M. Shepard, who has held the position from that time to the present. A primary department was organized in 1879, and for two years was under the joint supervision of Miss May West and Miss Mary Purdue. Miss Purdue then took entire charge as superintendent until February, 1889, and was succeeded by Mrs. George S. Webster. Occasional preaching services were conducted by pastors J. L. Danner and S. J. McPherson until October, 1S81, when regular preaching services were conducted by the Rev. A. J. Kerr until May, 1882, when the Rev. George S. Webster began his work, having pastoral charge of that part of the church parish. The growth has been steady, keeping pace with the growth of population and for some time the necessity of enlarged accommodations became apparent and the old chapel which for so many years served its purpose gave place to the new building located on the corner of the same block within two hundred feet of the old one. The corner-stone of the new chapel was laid on Monday, July 22, 1889. Services were conducted by Rev. M. James Ludlow. D. 1) , and an address delivered by him. Mr. F. M. Shep- ard read a list of the articles deposited in the box underneath the corner-stone. These were: A bible, edition of 18S9; roll of officers and teachers of the Sunday School : record of the chapel from its formation ; sermon preached by Rev. George S. Webster on the fifteenth anni- \'crsai)- of the chapel: roll of members of parent chinch who worship in Elmwood; pro- gramme of anniversary exercises, 1881 to 1889 inclusive; catalogues of library, 1884 and 188S ; order of service of the parent church and finan- cial stateinent for the year ending March 1. 1889: photographs of all superintendents of main school and primary department, of the md Rev. George S. Webster, of the interior and exterior of ELMWOOD CHAPEL. EAST OKAXGE. Re\'. Dr. Ludlow, the Rev. J. L. Daimer the present chapel, and other articles. The new chapel was dedicated Sunday, December 8, 1889. with appropriate cereinonies. Mr. F. M. Shepard, representing the building committee, made a report showing the work that had been done and at the close presented the keys of the building to the trustees of the church. .Mr. George W. Fort- meyer received them in behalf of the board with a few appropriate remarks and in turn gave them to the Rev. Dr. Ludlow, the pastor. Dr. Ludlow, hokling the keys in his hand, made a very happy dedication address. At the close of the address he handed the keys to Rev. Mr. Webster, as chapel minister, who received them with a few words of grateful acknowledgement in behalf of tiie chapel and congregation. The dedication prayer arranged from 11 Chronicles, chapter 6, was then solemnly repeated by all standing. The Founders and Rhilders of the Oranges. 5' The chapel is a substantial frame biiiitling of cruciform shape, fifty by sixty-five feet extreme tliiiiensions, with a Campanile bell tower on the northeast corner thirteen feet square and forty-eis^ht feet high. The interior is arranged in a main auditorium thirty by fifty feet, with a primary Sunday School class room thirty by twenty feet communicating with it, which can be shut off by Wilson's rolling shutters. '! he parlor or prayer meeting room over the primary room also opens into the main room by windows. The entire seating capacity is 450. In the rear, a pastor's room and library are convenient!)' arranged. Two entrances, with ample porches, are provided on the Elmwood Avenue and West Stieet sides. The main room is seated with Demarest's mahogany finish folding chairs, arranged with especial reference to convenience in Sunday School as well as preaching services. The remainder of the building is seated with chairs. The pulpit suit, consisting of a pulpit, three chairs and a bible stand, is handsome mahogan\' finish upholsteretl in silk plush. This, with the carpet on the pulpit platform, was the gift of the children of Mrs. F-lizabeth Burgess as a memorial of their mother. The interior finish of the building is in North Carolina pine in natural color, with exposed yellow pine truss beams. Handsome and appropriate stained glass windows give an ecclesiastical effect that is very pleasing. Messrs. Lamb and Rich were the architects of the building; Mr. Lamb, an elder of the church, being personally interested and generously donating the plans. The entire cost of the building was $8,500; the value of the lot being estimated at that time at §2,500. Central PresbvtekiaN Church. The rapid increase in the population of the Oranges after the close of the war brought together a number of families who adhered to the old school branch of the Presbyterian body and still retained a preference for the doc- trine and polity of that section of the church. As both the First and Second Presbyterian Churches, of Orange and East Orange, represented the doctrines of the new school, the time seemed ripe for the organization of another church. After fre- quent discussions among those favorable to such an enterprise, a meeting was held at St. Mark's school house, November 12, 1 866, which wasattended b\- twelve persons. The meeting was formally opened by Fran- cis H. Abbot as chairman. Progress was made and adjourned meetings were held at different places and others became inter- ested in' the movement. Central Hall, on Main Street, west of Centre, was leased for the exclusive u.se of the new church and nearly two thousand dollars were contributed for church expenses. Rev. W. H. Greene, D. D., of Princeton Theological Seminary, officiated at the first meeting for public worship, held Sunday, December 16, 1866. At a meeting held January 3, 1S67, Messrs. L. P. Stone and David L. Wallace were appointed a committee "to make application to the Presbytery of Passaic for the organization of a church to be known as the Central Presbyterian Church, of Orange." On Januaiy 20. 1867, the church was organized by the Presbytery of Passaic with thirty-three members. iMom the First Church, of Orange, 17: from the Reformed (Dutch^ Church, of Newark. 4 ; Pre.sbyterian Church, of Astoria, N. Y., 3; Fifth Avenue and Nineteenth Street Church, New York. 2; First Church, New York, 2; Rutgers Church, New York. 1; Morristown, N. J., i; Petersburg, Va., 2; Bramard Church l-:aston P.i., 1. Ihc first Elders were, Francis H. Abbott, L. P. Stone, David L. Wallace and CENTKAI, I'RESBYTKKIAN CHUKCH, ORANGE. 152 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. George W. 'I'liorpe. Deacons. — Edwanl H. Ensign and A. Ramsa\' McCov. rrustccs. — J. H. Hazard, S. W. 'I'ichcnor and Austin M. Knight. Rev. Edward D. Yeomans, D. D., of Rochester, N. V., was called to the i)astorate and began his labors on the first Sabbath of May, 1867, and was installed July 2 following. He had been settled in his new charge but a little more than a year when he died suddenly of apoplexy, August 26, 1868. Rev. Alfred Yoemans, D. D , was called from the church in Hellefonte, Pa., and began his labors on the third Sabbath of January, 1869. The same year a lot was purchased on the corner of Main and i'rince Streets. The site selected was that of the old Pierson homestead which was torn down at tlie time. A two-story building which formed the rear extension of the church, intended as a lecture room and Sunday School room, was erected and opened for use. The cost of this, together with the lot, was $38,000, the amount paid for the land being §21,500. An organ, the gift of Mr. Austin M. Knight, was placed in this room and subsequently moved into the main building. The main edifice was begun in 1871 and the sum of §40,000 was subscribed, payable in three year-; in semi-annual installments. The corner-stone was laid September 11, and the building was finished and dedicated July 14, 1872, the dedication sermon being preachetl b)' Rev. W. C. Roberts, D. IJ., of Elizabeth. X. j. The plans of the building were furnished and the work superintended by Mr. T. A. Roberts, architect, of Newark. A lot was purchased for the parsonage on the west side of Prince Street, at a cost of $2,000, and a building which stood on the okl lot was removed thither anti subsequent]}' enlarged for the pastor's stud}', at an expense of about §1,200. The total amount expended for building purposes within ten years was about §90,000. The total amount raised by the church for congregational purposes for the first twelve }-ears of its existence was $156,000. During the same period the amount given to domestic missions was §12,671; foreign missions, $15,725; education, $1,734; ministerial relief, §1 ,405. These and other incidental contributions make a total of $52,688. Adding the total for home expense and benevolence, gives the aggregate of §208,688 contributed by this church in the first twelve years, or a yearly average of §17,390. The church debt was completely extinguished in May, 1883, the total amount being about $100,000. The present pastor of the church. Rev. John I^'. Patterson, succeeded Dr. Green and the church has continued to prosper under his pastorate. An addition was made to the church edifice in 1896 at a cost of about §12,000. The total valuation of the property held by the church is about §125,000. The total membership of the church on January 1. 1896, was 408 The following is the present list of officers: Elders — Charles 1 1. Jones, clerk. I-'rancis H. Kingsbury. Henry B. .\uchincloss, Joseph 1*. Lloyd, Treasurer, H Murray Richmond, Nathaniel Tooker. Deacons.— George A. Newman, Isaac N. Dot}-. Trustees. — C. G. Alford, President: Benjamin Douglas, Jr., Secretary; Charles K. Ensign, Treasurer; A.Ward Hrigh.iin. John C. Kiitlaiul, Xewton E. Whiteside, George Richards. Tiie super- intendent of the .Sunda}- Scluxil is George A. Newman. The number of officers, teachers ami scholars is 345- Bethei, Presbyterian Church (Dodd Town), East Orange. This church was organized No\ember 13, 1870, by the following committee of Presbytery: Rev. Henry F. Hickok, D. D.. I'.klridgc Mix, I). D., and Eklei CaKin I). Pierson, with 27 members. The church was the outgrowth of Franklin Union Sunday School which had been in existence over forty years before. In 1866 the Union Sunday School erected a frame building costing §4,000, the lot being §500 e.xtra. In 1872 a wing was added, costing §1,350. This building was turned over to the church at its organization and was worshipped in until 1891, when a new stone church was erected at a cost of §35,000, on a lot donated by Mr. Josiah F. Dodd, corner of Dodd Street and Midland Avenue. The old building was on Dodd Street, near Brighton Avenue. Rev. Jas. l{. Marr was the first pastor, who remained until January 1, 18S2. On May 4, 188 '-, Rev. David O. Irving was ordained and installed as its pastor and still continues in that position. The first elder, who also helped largely in the support of the church, was Charles M. Davis. Fourteen months TiiK Founders and Bimi.dkrs of the Oravges. •53 afterwards, Calvin Dodd and Josiah F. Dodd wore added to the number. Tlie churcli is supported by the envelope system ; no pew rents, but pews assigned. Almost from the first they had congregational singing. The church has been built by the united efforts of all, rather tiian by any one or more large con- tributors. The growth has been steady from the time it was a mission church until it has be- come a large and flourishing self-supporting one. It aims to reach the poor and to bring all within its influence. It has two active Ladies' Missionary Socie- ties, a senior and junior C. E. Society, a Girl's Mission Band, and a flourishing Sunday School divided into three departments — infant, intermediate and main school. The total number re- ceived on confession of faith since its organization is 236 ; by letter, 268 ; making a total of 504. The present membership is 334. The following is the ])rcsent list of officers: Ruling Elders.— Charles M. Riker, W. Irven Soverei, Willi.uii S. Mills, A. B. Spinning, Michael Honey- man, II. F. Soverei, VVm. B. Martin, H. B. Potter. Deacons. — Hcni y Smith, George B. Hic- inhcitiiam, George M. Tyler, Norman E Shotwell, F.J.Greer. Trustees.— H. A. Hickok. I'resi- dent; Silas W. Dodd, Treasurer; David W. Ball, Secretary ; Geo. H. Kutclier, John H. Moore, J. Ward Grumnion. Organist, George H. Lawrence; Sexton, Edward Smith. The officers of the Sunday School are: Fletcher Place, Jr., Superintendent ; William F.Mili.s, Assistant Superintendent; David W. Ball, Secretary and Treasurer; Edgar Newkirk, Librarian : New- man E. Shotwell, Assistant Librarian. Primary Room Superintendent, Mrs. Fletcher Place, Jr. Inter- mediate Room Superintendent, Mrs. George B. Hicinbotham. Home Department Superintendent, Miss C. K. Herrick. Number of officers and teachers, 38; scholars, 407; total, 445. St. Cloud PreshyteuiaN Church. This is located on Ridgeway Avenue, near what is known as the "old road" on the top of the First Mountain. The first efforts to organize a Presbyterian church in this locality were made in 1876. A meeting was held at the residence of Dr. C. H. Gordon, opposite the present church building, on the evening of December 4, 1876. Among those present were John Crosby Brown, Gen. George B. McClellan, Gen. Marcy, Marcellus Hartley, Eugene Delano, Douglas Robinson, Rev. William A. Williams, Henry W. Williams, and others. A plan for a church edifice was adopteil and the building site, which was donated by Mr. Douglas Robinson, was accepted. The corner-stone of the new edifice was laid March 17, 1877, the services being conducted by Rev. Wm. IIETHEI, PRESBYTKKIAN UIIUKCH, EAST UKANUE. '54 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Cl.OLU I'KEbliVTKKlAN CHUKCJH. Atlams, D. D., assisted by Rev. Eldridge Mix, \). V)., of the l""irst Presbyterian Church, of Orange. Preaching services were held in the new building on Sunday, June lo, 1877, and on the same day a comnaittcc of the Presbytery of Mr)rris and Orange — Re\'. Eldridge Mix, D. D., being chairman — met and duly organized the St. Cloud Presbyterian Church, ordaining as elders Gen. George H. McClellan and Eugene Delano. Certificates of membership were presented by Gen. GeorgeB. McClellan and wife, Mrs. Mary Marcy and Fanny Marcj', wife and daughter of Gen. Marcy, U. S. A., Eugene Delano and wife, all from the Madison Square Presbyterian Church, New York City. There were si.\ from the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange. The completed churcli edifice was dedicated September 13, 1877, the sermon being preached by Re\\ William Ailams, D. D. On Novem- ber 22 following. Rev. William F. Whitaker, of Southold, L. I,, was in.stalled as pastor of this church and continued until the late autumn of 1894. Changes and additions have been made to the church edifice since the original building was erected. On the death of Dr. Adams, in 1880, a tablet was erected to his memory by his daughter, Mrs. John Crosb\' Brown. It was ]ilaced on the wall near the seat which Dr. Adams usually occupied, and contained the following inscription : In mcmorv of William Adams, I). 1). 1.,!.. P.. Au;,aist 31, iSSo. " Hl- being dead, yet speaketli." A few months later a chapel was erected in memory of Dr. .Ailams, which was dedicated June 13, 1881. It is of stone, the same as the body of the church. It is used for the primary department of the Sunday School and for prayer meetings. It contains a memorial window with a medallion likeness of Rev. Dr. Adams. Gen. George B. McClellan, who had been an elder and one of the foremost supporters of this church since its organization, died October 29, 1885. Some months after his death a tablet was erected on the wall of the church, which was unveiled on the first anni\ersary of his death. It is of polished brass, mounted on black marble with a laurel wreatli border, and contains the following inscription : George Brenton McClellan, Major General, U. S. A.. Governor of New Jersey. Elder of this Clnirth. October 29, 1885. " I have fought a good tight ; I have finished my coinse. I have kept the faith." Referring to the work of Rev. William F". Whitaker in this field, the New York Evangelist, under date of March 21, 1895, says: "To this field Mr. Whitaker came seventeen years ago, a young man only a year out of the theological school, but animated by consecrated zeal and practical wisdom. Soon every home witliin reach of the cliurch found in him their sincere friend and wise helper. All classes in the community working faithfully together, tliis church became the center of good influences The Founders and BiTn.nERs of the Oranges. 155 for all that country side, and while in every way the church was true in all its denominational attach- ments and contributions, yet Mr. VVhitaker's influence was such that members of many denominations were made at iiome and took active part in the practical work of the church." On April 30, 1895, a call was extended to Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich, of New York, who began his labors on the first of September following. Mr. Theodore M. Timms and William A. Williams were installed as elders in 1888 and are still in office. Mr. John Crosby Hrown is tlie Superintendent of the Sunday School, and associated with him is Mr. Theodore M. Timms. The present church menibcrsliip is a little over one hundred, and the number of teachers, officers and scholars is also about one luiiuhed. The total cost of the church edifice, with the additions, is not far from >;io,OOo. The Society also owns a parsonage nearly opposite the church. The title of both is vested in the Presbytery of Miirris and Orantre. HILLSIDK I'KESliVrERLW ClIUKCll. Hillside Avenue, Orange. The first movement for the organiz- ation of a Presbyterian church in this localit\- began in June, 1887, by persons residing in the vicinity of Hillside A\enue. .Several meetings were held in private houses and interest in the project increased. A meeting was finally called at the private gymnasium of .Mr. Robert F. Wescott, corner of Highland and Essex Avenues, at which about forty ladies and gentlemen were present. A resolution was adopted at this meeting stating '• that a religious association be formed, without spccifj'ing the denomina- tion at present." A committee was ap- pointed to arrange for preaching services and preliminary steps taken looking to a permanent organization. The first public service was held Suntlay, Jul\' 31, 1SS7, attended by about IJ5 persons. Rev. R. L. Marks, officiated on this and the follow- ing Sunda_\-, August 7. On the latter date ;i Sunda\- School was organized under the superintendency of Frederick L. Grant. Preaching services were held every Sab- bath following until September 25, before any one was established as pastor. Rev. Stanle\- White preached on August 14, September 4 and 25, Rev. Anthony Evans on August 21, 28 and September 18, Rev. Mr. Hay on September 11. At a meeting held on the twenty-third of August, measures were adopted providing for a permanent revenue, and it was decided to invite Rev. Stanley White to assume the pastorate for a period of three months from October 1. The first prayer meeting was held on the evening of October 26, which was well attended. The meeting for final organization was held on November 21, attended by a committee from the Presbytery of Morris and Orange, consisting of Rev. H. F. Hickok, D. D., Moderator, Rev. Alfred Yoemans, D. D., and Elders David L. Wallace and Henry E. Simmons, met at Mr. Wescott's gymnasium where were gathered the members of the congregation. The meeting was opened uith prayer by Rev. Erskine N. White, D. D., father of Rev. Stanley White, acting pastor of the new church. Rev. Dr. Hickok preached the sermon on this occasion, his topic being "The Neces- sity for Church Organizations." The following officers were then elected: Ruling Elders. — Aaron Carter. Jr., I. Remsen Lane, George Washington Smith and William L. Wallace. Deacons. — Albert L. Miller and Fred'k L. Grant. The elders were ordained (with the exception of Aaron Carter, Jr., already ordained) and installed by the Rev. Alfred Yoemans, D. D. The deacons were ordained (with the exception of Albert L. Miller, already ordained) and installed by the Rev. Albert Erdman, D. D. IllLLSIDK PRESBYTERIAN fHlRCH, ORA.SGE. 156 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. The following Trustees were also elected : Elisha M. Allen, Win. W. Beebe, Edward Corning, Joseph J. Marsh, Ambrose M. Matthews, Clarence D. Newell, Thco. T. Wood. The Moderator announced the organization formally completed and to be known as the " Tremont Avenue Presbyterian Church, of Orancre, N. J.," and the right hand of fellowship was given to the newly elected officers by the Committee of the Presbyter}'. A formal call was soon after extended to Rev. Stanley White to undertake the pastoral ofifice, which was accepted, and he was regularly ordained and installed by the Presbytery of Morris and Orange, January- 1 1, 1888. The sermon was preached by Rev. James M. Ludlow, D. I). The charge to the pastor was given by his father. Rev. Erskine N. White, D. D.; the charge to the people by Rev. Henry M. Storrs, D. D ; the benediction by the pastor. Rev. Stanley White. At a meeting held in the gymnasium January 3, 1888, a motion was made to reconsider the vote of the congregation November 15, 1887, by which the church was named the Tremont Avenue Presbyterian Church. This was adopted, as was also the resolution "that this church be known and designated as the Hillside Presbyterian Church, of Orange, N. J." The proper legal steps were at once taken and the church was duly incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey. Steps were immediately taken to provide a permanent place of worship. A lot was purchased from Mr. J. H. Matthews, on the south side of Hillside Avenue, between Scotland Street and Lincoln Avenue, on which a chapel was begun, ground being broken March i, 1888. The house was opened for service July 15, and dedicated on September 22 following, with appropriate ceremonies. The sermon on this occasion was preached by Rev. Erskine White, D. D. The church has largely increased in numbers during the pastorate of Mr. White and outgrown the chapel. A large and commodious edifice of Portland cement has been erected and the original building is now used as a lecture room. The new edifice was dedicated June 19, 1892. The seating capacity is 550. The total value of the present property is about $50,000, and the church is practically free of debt. This is literally a free eliureli and is supported wholly by voluntary offerings. The present membership is 336. The officers are: Elders. — Aaron Carter, Jr., L Remsen Lane, H. H. McCabe, George W. Smith, Albert L. Miller, Thorwald Stalknecht. Deacons.— John H. Giffin, Jr., J. Ralston Grant, E. Hubert Allen. Trustees.— Bleecker Van Wagenen, President, C. D. Newell, A. M. Mathews, Wm. Barr, Theo. F. Wood, Heman Dowd, Isaac C. Ogden. There is a flourishing Sunday School in connection with the church, numbering about 300, under the management of H. H. McCabe, Superintendent. Among the auxiliary societies are the Ladies' Society, Boys' Mission Band, Sewing School and Hillside Circle of the King's Daughters. Trinity Presbyterian Church, South Orange. This church is of recent though rapid growth. It is an outgrowth of the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange, and composed largely of the member.ship of that chinch. The first meeting to consider the advisability of a new church organiz- tion was held at the house of Dr. W. J. Chandler, and resulted in the appointment of the following named gentlemen as a committee to formulate and recommend a plan for the new organization, viz.: J. McC. Morrow, Edward Self, Thomas P. Mulligan, W. H. Tweddell, William H. Curtiss, W. J. Nevins, Theodore F. Taylor, Henry W. F"reeman and Everltt K.Taylor. A second meeting was held on Novem- ber 3d following, in the upper room of the academy, on Prospect Street, thirty-two persons having responded to the call. By a unanimous vote it was decided to organize a Presbyterian Church, and the same committee was continued with instructions to take the preliminary steps and make the necessary arrangements. The use of the upper room of the academy was secured and suitably furnished, and the first preaching .service — by Rev. Daniel Bliss, a returnetl missionary from Beyroot, Syria — was held November 15, 1891. A Sabbath School was organized at the same time, with Mr. Thomas P. Mulligan as Superintendent. The first prayer meeting was held in the same building on November 17, twenty- eight being present. The Founders and IU'ilders of the Oranges. i;; An application for tlic organization of a church signed by forty-eight church members was presented to the Presbytery of IVIorris and Orange, which met at Morristown, January 19, 1892, and a committee was appointed to investigate and if deemed expedient, organize a ciiurch in accordance with the expressed wishes of the applicants. A meeting of the latter with the committee was held at the academy building on Wednesday, January 27, 1892, at which time sixty-eight church members presented their certificates, of which sixty-five were from the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange; two from Classon Avenue Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn, and one from the Presbyterian Church of Pcrren- ville, N. J. The name of Trinity Presbyterian Church was unanimously adopted at this meeting. The election of officers resulted in the choice of the folhjwing Elders: Wm. H. Curtiss, T. !'. Mulligan, H. W. Jessup and William 11. Tweddcll. Deacons. — Edward Self, Theodore F. Taylor and Dr. W. J. Chandler. It was voted at the same time to adopt the rotary system for the election of officers. Rev. J. G. Lansing, professor of Hebrew at Rutgers Theological Seminary, was engaged as a temporar\' sujjply and preached his first sermon No\ember 22, 1891. Arrangements were made with him to continue for twelve Sabbaths beginning with December 27, 1891. He continued, however, for over a year, and in the meantime a plot of land about one acre in extent was [Purchased, on the corner of South Orange Avenue and Grove Road, on which a neat and substantial frame building was erected, with a seating capacity of about 300. The total cost of the lot and building was nearly $11,000. all of which was raised by subscription among the mem- bers. Services were held in the new edifice on Sunday, November 27, 1892, the main room not then being completed. Dedication services were held on Friday e\ening, January 27, 1893. Rev. J. G. Lansing, D. D., preached the sermon from Isaiah ii, 2-3. On May 2, 1803, a call was extended to Rev. Asa Wynkoop, of Union Theological Seminary, who had been preaching for a short time as an assistant in one of the leading New York churches. He was ordained and installed Wednesday evening, June 28, 1893. The Old Testament le.sson, Isaiah Ixi, was given by Rev. H. M. Storrs, D. D.; New Testament TkiMr\ 1 ,;.....■ n.KI^^ > m r. h - ■,: lesson, II Corinthians, iv, by Rev. Franklin C. Jones; sermon by Rev. J. G. Lansing D. D., text, Isaiah l.xi, 1-3; ordaining prayer. Rev. J. M. Ludlow, D. D.; charge to the pastor. Rev. Anson P. Atterbury, Ph. D.; charge to the |)eople, Rev. Stanlej- White. At a meeting held February 9, 1892, a committee from the Vailsburg Chapel made application to this church to take charge of that work. The First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange, under whose auspices the work had been conducted for some years, decided to abandon it after April i, 1S92. This was established as a mission school, and a chapel built and furnished some years previous by the Misses Margaret and Clara Kilbuni, hut had never been self-sustaining. It is located about midway between South Orange and Newark, where there is a growing settlement. After tlue consideration. Trinity Church agreed to assume the responsibility and take entire charge of the work, including the [)astor's salary and other expenses. In addition to maintaining their own church this interest has been kept at an annual outlay of about $1,000. On P'ebruary 2y, 1^593, ihirt)- 158 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. six members of the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange, connected witli tlie Vailsburg Chapel, presented their letters to Trinity Presbyterian Church and were accepted. Both preaching and Sabbath School services are held regularl\- at the chapel. The cluirch raised for benevolent contributions for the fiscal year ending April i, 1893, the sum of $2,290 over and above all other expenses. The total membershii) of the church for the year ending April I, 1895, is 142. The teachers and scholars connected with the church Sunday School number 63 : that of the chapel at Vailsburg, 203. AkI-INGTON Avenue Pkesuvtekian Ciiuri 11, Fast Orange, corner of Arlington and Springdale Avenues. Although one of the youngest, this is one of the most prosperous and growing churches in the Oranges. The movement which led up to it began in a small way in the form of a neighborhood prayer meeting and Sunday School, which was opened June 19, 1891, by a number of citizens residing in the section of East Orange north of Park A\'enue. An evening preaching service and a Sunda\- Service was begun in February, 1892, and continued without interruption until the final organiz- ation of the church, both services being conducted bj- Mr. John M. Thomas, a student of Union Theo- logical Seminar}- of the class of '93. The meetings were held at No. 20 Hamilton Street, East Orange. A meeting of the Presbytery of Morris and Orange was held at the above address on Thursday, No\'ember 10, 1892, and a permanent organization effected under the name of the Arlington Avenue Presbyterian Church. There were present on this occasion, representing the Presbytery, Rev. J. M. Ludlow, D. D., pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange ; Re\'. H. F. Hickok, D. D., of the Brick Church, of East Orange, and Rev. H. M. Storrs, D. D., of the First Presbjterian Church, of Orange. ~»^ Rejjresentatives of other churches to the number of 46 ^/-^ '. presented certificates and became constituent members of the new organization. These were mostly from the First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange and the Brick Church, of East Orange. Thirteen were recei\ed on confession of faith At this meeting it was decided to adopt the rotary system of office for elders and deacons, and the following persons were elected, viz.: Elders. — James Bingham, Charles L. Power, S. L. Wyman, A. C. Trowbridge. Deacons. — Charles W. Freeman and Thomas B. Holland. The following persons were subsequently elected Trustees: A. D. Chambers, H. H. Hall, George S. Hurlbert, Albert Lowther and D. L. B. Peterson, their term of service being for one j'ear. A communion ser\ice was presented by Mr. 11. II. Hall on behalf of the Outlook Committee of the neighborhood pra\-er meeting The first meeting of the session was held Nov. 26, 1 892, at the residence of Dr. Hickok, No. 22 Hillyer Street, Orange, and A. C. Trowbridge was elected clerk. A meeting of the congregation was held on February 10, 1893, for the purpose of calling a pastor and Mr. John M. Thomas, who had officiated as a supply for several months, was unanimously chosen, and the salary fixed at $2,000. He was regularly ordained to the ministrj' and installed as pastor of this church on Friday evening, June 9, 1893. Soon after the church was organized a lot was purchased on the corner of Arlington and Springdale Avenues and plans for a church edifice were drawn by Messrs. Lamb & Rich, the well-known firm of New York architects. A generous gift from Miss J. Louise Travis, together with other amounts subscribed, enabled the Building Committee to begin operations at once, and early in June, 1S93, the building was completed and ready for occupancy and was formally dedicated on Thursday evening, June 8, 1893. Rev. Henry N. Cobb, D. D., presided during the service. After the organ prelude by Mr. W. K. Bassford. the doxology was sung. The invocation by the pastor- Akl.l.\<; ION AVENUE PKESBVTEKIAN CHURCH, EAST ORANGE. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. '59 elect was followcil by tlic liymn, " The Church's One Foundation." Addresses were delivered by Rev. Charles II. Everest, D. I)., of the Grove Street Congregational Church, and the Rev. Stanley White, of the Hillside Presbyterian Church. The dedicatory address was made by Rev. Dr. Cobb '1 he financial statement maclc by Mr. .\. D. Clianibcrs showcil the following as the total outlay; Co.st of lot, $4,874; cost of buiUiini,'. §11,706; organ and bell, $4,000: making a total of S20.5S0. Receipts: Amount raised by subscription, §9,880; special subscription from Mi.ss Travis for the organ and bell, $4,000. With a legacy left by Miss Travis (who died soon after the church was completed), amounting to $8,000. the entire indebtedness was litjuidatod, leaving a surplus of about $1,500. The plans, the cost of which was $500, were tlonated b\- Mr. Hugh Lamb, the architect. The building is Roniancsiiuc in style, the main front facing on Springdale Avenue, with a large gable supported by four massive shingled columns. .At each side of this picturesque gable are two entrance porches, the one on the corner being under the main tower from which spring two smaller towers at the balcony level. The large Rose window in the gable is set back in deep recess, the face of the gable being cut on the face of the columns beneatii. The gable in the infant class-room on Arlington Avenue is a similar but smaller one, have a deep recessed rose window all of which is filled with stained glass, as are the other windows in the building. The stone work runs around the entire building at a level of two feet, and under the main gable on Springdale Avenue it reaches the height of five feet. All the stone work is of field boulders laid with rough joints. The sides of the building and faces of the gables are shingled and stained brown, and the roofs, including those of the towers and porches, are shingled and stained silver grey. The best .system of heating and N'cntilation has been adopted. On the completion of the church it was found that the number of pews were inadequate to meet the demand and ten additional ])ews were soon after added. The general design and character of the work reflects great credit on the architects. The present membership of the church is 150. The elders are Austin C. Trowbridge, Stephen L. Wyman. IIul;1i Lamb and John Mclntyre. The deacons are James Stevens and Charles W. Freeman. The Sabbath School numbers in officers, teach- ers and scholars, 200. The superintendent is Henry H. Hall. The superintendent of the primary department is Miss Anna Hall. First German Presbyterian Church, of Orange, 120 William Street, between Park and Hillyer Streets. The religious sentiment amongst the German population of Orange first made itself manifest during the latter half of the fiftieth decade. There was occasional preaching and even a nucleus formed for the establishment of a German Lutheran Societ}', but the real deep interest in spiritual affairs did not take any permanent form until Rev. Christian Wisner, from the Bloomfield German Presbyterian Church, undertook, in 1864, to labor amongst the Germans in Orange. He succeeded in gathering a number of families and with the kind assistance of Rev. James Hoyt, of the First Presbyterian Church, received permission to use the old lecture room of the the church, on Day Street, as a meeting place, where he held his first religious service on the FIRST OEKMAN I'KESBVTEKI AN CIIUKCH. OKANUt. i6o Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. afternoon of the last Sunda\- in July, 1864. In the early part of 1866, thirty-seven persons united in petitioning the Presbytery of Newark — to \\ iiich the Orange Presbyterian churches belonged at that time — for organizing a German Presbyterian Church in this locality. The petition was granted and the Rev. Jas. Hoyt and Rev. J. H. Taylor, from Brick Church, in connection with Rev. C. Wisner, were authorized to effect such organization, and on Sunday, the eighteenth day of March, 1866, the First (jerman Presbyterian Church, of Orange, was fully established. The list of names of the first members has b^en lost as the\- ha\e not been entered on the church record. The first elders elected were Messrs. Adolph liode and Gottlieb Bodmer — both still living and active members of the church — and to their untiring efforts the fuither growth of this church is mainly due. Rev. Mr. VVissner resigned in July, 1867, having accepted a call from a western church. At a parish meeting held September 2, 1867, it was resolved to extend a call to Rev. Richard S. Rosenthal, of the Union Theological Seminary, of New York, and on October 13, he was formally elected pastor, to succeed Rev. Mr Wisner, Rev. Mr. Eldridge Mi.x, of the First Presbyterian Church, acting as moderator. Under the ministerial guidance of Rev. Mr. Rt)senthal, the church prospered to such an extent that in 1868 the congregation was incorporated, and on March i. 1869, a resolution was passed to buy the property on William Street, between Park and Hillyer, the price of which was $4,000, on which to build a cluuch edifice. On May 14, a building committee was appointed consisting of Messrs. George J. F^erry, then .Mayor of Orange, James H. Heroy, Peter Gerbert and John Struck. On August 28 the corner-stone was laid and on December 28, 1869, the building was dedicated to the worship of God. A heavy mortgage encumbered the property which retarded somewhat the further growth of the church. The etlifice was erected of brick, with a seating capacity of 300, and a lecture room attachetl thereto ; its cost amounted in all to $11,000. Rev. Mr. Rosenthal resigned in September. 1871. He was succeeded by Rev. Albert Winterick, who took charge of the church in December of the same )ear. For various reasons Rev. Mr. Winterick resigned on September 13, 1874. During the following two months tiie puljiit was supplied b\' the professors and students of the Bloomfield Tiieological School, until Mr. Herman C. Gruhnert, then a student at said institution, was elected, on November 26. 1874, as the permanent supply, and he began his work November 28. After laboring six months in this field, Mr. H. C. Gruhnert was formally ordained and installed as minister of the church on June 14, 1875. Rev. Mr. Gruhnert has worked faithfully and successfully, as was manifest by the renewed growth of the church. Under his care the membersiiip increased and became more steady. While heretofore no ])roper and correct reconi of the church was kept and the membership could never be fully ascertained, it is different now; order and system prevail everywhere. Mainly through his exertions the large indebtedness on the congregation has been lifted, a new parsonage has been built at a cost of $3,500, a fine organ has been placed in the church and many other permanent improvements made, thereby largely increasing the interest in the work of the church. There are now 110 ])aying members in the congregation and 150 or more communicants. A Ladies' Society, a Ladies' Aid Society, a Y. M. C. E. Society and a Sabbath School are powerful adjuncts in assisting the minister in his labor of love. The S ibbath School is even older than the church itself. It was started in 1864 under the leader- ship of Rev. Mr. Wisner. and after the organization of the church placed under the care of Mr. Bodmer as first superintendent. His successors in office were Hans Peterson, Henry Hasselmann and Louis Darnstaedt. The school numbers at present 1 50 scholars with 18 teachers and officers, including an interesting primary department, under the care of Mrs. T. A. Andresen and Mr. O.scar Bode. The elders of the church are at present Eshel Ehrichs. Lmiis Darnstaedt, Frederick Rasch. The predecessors are Adolph Bode, Gottlieb Hodmer, Herman Schenck. John Struck, C. Shellenberger, Hans Peterson, Andrew Egner, Henry Hasselmann, Robert Gerber. The names of the deacons at present are Oscar Bode, Henry Wiederhold, Theodore M. Andresen, W. Graulich, William Wille, George Egner, John Burkardt. Thic Founders and Builders of the Oranges. r6i Plkasant Vali,1-.V Geum\N Pkeshvikkian CiiuUCH, West Orange, on the west face of First Mountain, overlooking Pleasant Valley, between the two mountains. This church was organized M.iy 26, 1S78, with the following members: F. Sippel, Christian Fentzlaff, VV. Fentzlaff, E. Ilgin, J. Wolf. G. Werner. F. Wolf, K. Sippic, Mrs M. Reiman and Mrs. E. Mcrklin. Immediately after its organiza- tion arrangements were made for the erection of a church edifice. The corner-stone was laid March 6, 1878, and the building, which is of frame, was completed and dedicated the same year. The first officers of the church were: Elders. — F. Sippel, W. Fentzlaff and E. Ilgin. Trustees. C. H. Fentz- laff, F. Wolf, K. Sipple, G. Werner and J. Yost. This movement was started on June i, 1877, by Rev. iMin/. llartig, a student fionithe BloDnifield Theological Seminary. The first meetings were held in the Pleasant Valley school-house, and through the efforts of Mr. Hartig, the church increased in numbers and interest, and on Jul)' 10, 1879, 'i^' ^^'-^^ ordained and installed as its pastor. Gkkman Pkksbvterian Church, of Orange Valley, corner of Fairview Avenue and Scotland Street. The movement which led to the organization of this church began in 1S90. The Rev. H. C. Gruhnert, Rev. Dr. H. F. Hickok and Rev. Stanley White started the work among the Germans in Orange Valley. At first Rev. Mr. Gruhnert held weekly prayer meetings; later on, services were held every Sunday afternoon in the Hillside Presbyterian Church, and A. Wirth, candidate for the ministry, was called to take charge of the mission. P'rom the beginning of January, 1890, the gatherings were held in Tompkins Street Cha[)el. The Sunday services were omitted and the weckh- prayer meetings, conducted by Rev. Mr. Gruhnert, were again introduced. The Synodical Home Mission and Church Extension Committee of the Presbytery of Morris and Orange, under whose care the mission started, called John F. Kern, student of theology at Bloomfield, the present pastor of the church, to take charge of the work. The first service held in the new place of worship was attended by twelve women. For some time he had to struggle against prejudice and mistrust. But these difficulties were overcome, the members increased and men and women commenced to take an active part in building up the kingdom of God there among the Germans. In August, 1890, the Sunday School was established. On the F"irst Sunday there were five scholars and six teachers, which number has slowly but steadily increased. The Sunday School now numbers 150 members. On the 15th of July, 1891, the mission was formally organized by the Presbytery of Morris and Orange. Sixteen members wers received on certificate from the William Street German Presby- terian Church and seventy-two on confession of their faith. Thus the newly organized congregation numbered eight\-eight members. At the same meeting three elders and three deacons were elected, ordained and installed by the chairman of the Synodical Home Mission and Church Plxtension Commit- tee. Re\-. r. F. White, D. D , of Summit, and Re\-. Rufus S. Green, were appointed moderators of the session. One week later a Board of Trustees was elected. Ihe congregation immediately called the Rev. John F. Kern as pastor of the church, who was, on the 24th of July, 1891, ordained and installed. From that time on, two services were held — morning and evening — on every Sunday. A Ladies' Aiil Society was organized in February, 1892. The members began to contribute and raise funds for a church home. A lot was purchased on the corner of Fairview Avenue and Scotland Street, 85 x 155 feet, in 1892, at a cost of $2,550. The corner-stone for a church edifice was laid on July 23, 1S92, which was completed the early part of the following year. The building is of frame and cost, including furniture, etc , about ?l8,ooo. It was occupied for the first time in February, 1894. The officers of the church are : Elders. — Hans M. Hansen, John G. Weil, Otto B. Manitz, Gottfried Kuntz. Deacons. — Adam Singer, Jacob Hoerth, George Kern. The present membership is 17c. The Sunday School numbers 170. Connected with the church is a Saturday School, in which the children are instructed in the German language. ('HAI'^TKR XI 11, RELIGIOrS mslURY OF THE ORANGES, CONITNI'ED. EPISCOPAL CHL'RCHES. . MARK'S CHURCH, West Oranj^c. While Trinity Church, of Newark, was the mother of St. Mark's Church, tlie latter was the mother of all tlie churches of this deiiomitiatioii for miles around. The beginning of this movement was in l8o8, when Rev. Joseph W'illarci, rector of Trinity Church, Newark, reported "that he liad performed divine service and preached twice at Benjamin Williams', Orange, where he had large and attentive congregations; tliat there were several families who appc;ir to be attached to the Episcopal Church, for whom he had baptized seven or eight children, and who regularly attend at Newark." The families referred to were tiiose of Benjamin Williams, Sr., of his nephew, James Williams, and of his sons, Benjamin Williams, Jr., Josiah Williams, Samuel Williams and Amos Williams. The Bishop of the Diocese had his attention called to these families in 1819 and continued for some years to visit them and to hold services in this locality. The neighborhood became a missionarv station in 1825 and was in charge of Rev. Benjamin Holmes, who resided at Morristown and came once a month to Orange. There were occasional accessions to the membership and on April 7, 1827, St. Mark's Church was duly incorporated under the laws of this State. The corner-stone of a churcli edifice was laid May 12, 1828, by Rev, Benjamin Holmes, and the building, which is of brown stone, forty by sixty feet, was erected during the year, at a cost of between seven and eight thousand dollars, a balance of the indebtedness remaining some time after its completion. It was consecrated by Bishop Cross on February 20, 1829, and soon after this fifty-four pews were sold. Ihe financial support of the church was derived mainly from three or four families. In 1S29, Mr. Holmes relin- quished his charge of the congregation and the parish then ceased to be a missionary station. The Rev. William R. Whittingham took charge on June i, 1829, he being then in deacon's orders, but he was ordained priest on December 17, and installed rector on December 18, 1829. On his salary of four hundred dollars a year he was required to perform the additional duty of editing the General Sunday School Union. He resigned on November i, 1830, for the purpose of devoting his entire time to editorial work. On November 10, 1830, the Rev. Benjamin Holmes was elected to the vacant rectorsliip and took charge of the parish July 4, 183 1, at a salary of fi\-e lunulred dollars a year. The subscriptions which were pledged were insufficient to meet the amount and a few individuals raised a permanent fund of five thousand dollars, the interest of which was to be devoted to the support of the rector. Among the most prominent of the subscribers to this fund were Samuel Williams, Caleb Harrison, John Harrison. Amos Williams and Benjamin Williams. For this they gave their personal notes, with the understanding that these notes could remain so long as the interest was paid. Nearly all this amount was eventually secured to the church in real estate and bank stock. In 1834 a house and lot were purchased for a parsonage at a cost of one thousand dollars. This was found to be at too great a distance from the church and was sold in 1836. Before his death, which took place August 4, 1836, the church doubled the salary of Mr. Holmes and paid the sum over to his widow and infant daughter. His ministrations were very acceptable to his people and he died universally beloved. His remains were buried under the chancel of the church as a fitting resting-place for its founder. By his The Founders and Hijilders of the Oranges. I'^S piudence, his zeal ami self-sacrifice he accomplislicd much in laying the foundation and in building up the church. During the period of iiis rectorship ninct)-six were baptized, forty-one persons were confirmed and fifty-five were added to the number of communicants. Rev. James A. Williams, a native of Orange, was called to the vacant rectorship and assumed the ministerial charge August 13, 1836. He was formally installed b_\' Bishop Doane, on September 9, 1837, and continued to discharge the duties almost up to the day of his death, in 1883. On June 29, 1884, Rev. Bishop Faulkner was instituted as rector, to succeed Dr. VVdliams. As a man he was greatly beloved and made many warm friends. His services covered a period of about seven years. He resigned in the spring nf i,S()i. He was succeeded bv Rev. Frank B. Reazer, the present rector. ST. MARKS El'ISrOI'AI. CHURCH, WEST ORANGK The total number of communicants in 1S95 was 576; two Sunday Schools— teachers and officers 28, scholars, 30S. Property consists of stone church, the parish side-chapel and guild rooms, parisli house, rectory, mission chapel anil cemetery: and the following societies: Missionary, Benevolent, Mother's Meeting, Brotherhood of St. Andrew, Altar Guild, Sewing School, District Visitors, Men's Club, Junior Missionary. Officers: Rector, Frank B. Reazer. Lay Reader, Francis II. Holmes. Wardens. Charles A. Lighthipe, Stephen Van Rensselaer. Vestrymen.— Francis H. Holmes. Stephen W. Williams, clerk, Edward I-:. Sage, treasurer, James Timpson, Charles F. Hageman, T. H. Powers Farr, William R. Howe. John I). Everitt, Frank Hill, Frank R. Bagley. The Church of the Holy Communion, comer of Ridgewood Road and South Orange Avenue, South Orange. The few scattering communicants of the Episcopal Church residing in the vicinity of South Orange previous to the fifties worshipped either at St. Mark's Church, Orange, or at Newark. It is 164 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. said that wlicn the Rev. William R. Whittingham, D. D., (afterwards Bishop of Maryland) was rector of St. Mark's Church, he held occasional service in South Orange. It was at that time a farming community and sparsely settled. The first regular service of which there is any record was held by Rev. Dr. Williams, rector of .St. Mark's Church, in the Methodist chapel, located where the present Methodist church now stands. The first attempt at church organization was in 1859, when the late Charles Francis Osborn obtained the consent of Rt. Rev. Bishop Doane to establish a mission in this locality, and Rev. Horace Hall, of St. Stephen's Church, Milburn, was appointed missionary. The Methodist chapel was rented for a year by Mr. Osborn and it was through his zeal, fidelity and persistent efforts that on October 8, 1859, the parish was regularly organized under its present title, the Church of the Holv Communion. The first officers elected were: Wardens. — Charles F. Osborn and James S. Sandford. Vestrymen. — Sabin Smith, Daniel Squires, John D. Freeman, Thomas Loundes, Thomas Fenner, Dwight B. Denslow, Charles W. Newton, John S. Tappan, James G. Osborne. During the following year this young and feeble parish sustained a great loss in the death of Rev. Mr. Reid, who at that time was traveling in Europe for his health. During the winter of 1859-60, the parish was in charge of Rev. J. W. Shackleford and his assistant, Rev. J. L. McKine, House of Prayer, Newark, N. J. Soon after the church was organized a building plot was presented to the parish by Mr. Thomas Loundes, on the corner of South Orange Avenue and I'iidgewood Road, on the site of the old Riggs homestead. On this was erected the present brown stone edifice which has since been twice enlarged. The church was consecrated by Rt. I^ev. William II. Odenheimcr. The instrument of donation and request was dated February 4, 1865, signed b\- the wardens of the parish, Charles F Osborn and J. Walter Wood, with the seal of the church affixed. It was also signed by Joseph Ramee, Henry Fenner and Thomas Fenner. Rev. David Magot, the first rector, resigned Angust i, 1861, and Rev. Elisha Mulford was requested to take charge of the parish in November, 1861, and in 1862 he was reqested to assume permanently the rectorship of the church. He resigned in the autumn of 1864, and was succeeded in February, 1865, by Rev. William J. Frost. He remained with the church about five years, resigning in 1870. It was during his pastorate that a rectory was built, at a cost of $6,000, on a lot diagonally opposite the church. Rev. Wm. H. Lewis began his labors as rector on November 7, 1870, continuing until January, 1873. Rev. Henry D. Deegan, the ne.xt rector, began his labors April 9, 1873, and remained for about twelve years, until 1885 Rev. R. B. Post, his successor, assumed formal charge in March, 1886 and severed his connection with the parish in 1889. He was followed by Rev. Wm. Prall, who left in 1891. Rev. Benjamin Brewster accepted the position of rector in November, iSgi.and was (juite successful in his labors until failing health necessitated his retirement in October, 1895. Rev. Louis Cameron, the present rector, assisted Mr. l?revvster for some months while he was unable to attend to the duties and on the latter's retirement he was called permanently to the rectorship and assumed the charge on November i, 1895. There has been a steady increase in membership since the church was first organ- ized and it now numbers about . The present wardens are Joseph Ramee, E. V. Connett. Vestry- men.— Henry A. Page, J. Walter Wood, F. A. Woodhouse, P. P. Chew, T. G. Conway, W. F. Allen. Cyrus F. Loutrel, F. A. Wright, H. B. Schneider. The present value of the church property is about $40,000. Grace Protestant Episcopal Church. This parish was originally a part of St. Mark's, from which it was carved out in March, 1854, and organized by the Rev. Joshua D. Berry, who at that time had charge of a school in Orange. It was at a time when, from the increasing interest manifested in religious matters, and especially by the Protestant Episcopal branch of this great Christian family, another place of worship more advantageously located than St. Mark's was demanded by many of the Episcopalian families and others leaning toward that doctrinal faith in the immediate vicinity. At a public meeting held March 5, 1854, in what was then Bod well Hall, corner of P.uk and William Streets, the organization of the parish was perfecteil b)- the election of Judge Jesse Williams and Phihuuler J. Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 165 Hodwcll as wardens, and tlio f()Ilo\vin;4 named persons as vestrymen : Jesse Williams, Piiilander J. Hoducil, Chauncey Shepherd, William Cleveland, Philip Ward, William M. Babbett, Aaron Dodd, William H. Vcrniilyea, Thomas French, Charles II. Campbell. The lilt upiin which Grace Church stands was purchased from the trustees of the First Presbyterian Church, at a cost of three thousand dollars, and had been occu|)ied by the old stone parsonage for a period of one hundred anil five jears. Ground was broken for the new church edifice in tile summer of 1856, and Aui^ust 12 of the same year the corner-stone was laid with appropriate ceremonies. The edifice was built of brown sandstone taken from a quarry in l^leasant Valley, West Oran^'e township, and was completed in the early summer of 1857, and consecrated on Thursday, July 16, of that year, at a cost of ele\en thousand dollars for the edifice and furnishings. The request to consecrate was read by the rector-elect, the Re\-. James S. l?ush, and the sentence of consecration by tlie Rev. James A. Williams, rector of St Mark's Church. Morning prayer was read by Rev. Messrs. Shackelford and Merritt, Rev. Moses McCurdy and Catly reading the lessons. The sermon was jireached by the Rt. Rev. Bishop George Washington Doane, who also administered the holy communion, assisted by the Rev. Mr. Vermilyea, of New York, the Rev. Mr. Stock- ing reading the Epistle. There were also present the Rev. Messrs. Reed, Moore, Mayers, and Rev. Drs. Diller and Cook, of New York. The beautiful altar window (symbolic of F"aith, Hope and Charity) was a gift from the maker, Mr- Doremus, a parishioner of Grace Church. At the time of the consecration of the church edifice there were in the congregation one lunulred and thirteen communicants. In 1868 a commodious rectory was liuilt in the rear of the church edifice, at a cost of nine thousand dollars. In 1872 a brown-stone transept and chancel, adilitions to the church edifice, were built, at a cost of twenty thousand dol- lars, including organ, carpets, etc., therebj- increasing the seating capacity one-half. In 1S77 another addition was made, consisting of a brown stone chapel, connected with the transept, at a cost of si.x thousand dollars, and having a seating capacity of two hundred and fitly. Rev. Mr. lierrj- and others had charge of the parish until its first rector, Rev- James S. Bush, was called in July, 1856. He resigned in 1867, and was succeeded in 1868 by the ]iresent rector. Rev. Anthony Schuyler. On Sunday, July 2, 1893, the twenty-fifth anniversary of the pastorate of Rev. Anthony Sclui_\ler was held with appro- ]5riate ceremonies. Those who assisted in the exercises were : Re\ . Dr. William G. Farrington, the Rev. Dr. E. H. Hoggs, the secretary of tlie Diocese of Newark, anil the Rev. Hamilton Schuyler, son of the rector. Dr. Farrington read the Epistle and Dr. l?oggs the Gospel. The sermon, which was a review of the history of the parish for the past twenty-five years, combined with many personal reminiscences, was preached b}' the venerable rector of the parish. The full text of the sermon is the following: "Walk about Zion, and go round about her; tell the towers thereof. Mark well her bulwarks, consider her palaces, that ye may tell it to the generation following, for this God is our God for ever and ever: He will be our Guide even unto death." — Psalms .Nlviii ; 12, 13, 14. Dr. Schuyler, in the course of his remarks said : " Take the communion roll of 250 names on the register of this parish in 1868. Read them carefully over and find thirty-eight of them only on that roll to-da)'. Of these thirty-eight, thirty-three have companied with us from that day to this; tile GRATF. PROTESTANT i66 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. remaining five are from families removed to otlier parishes at an early day, but who have returned to us in time for their re-enrollment before this anniversary. I heartily welcome them back to-day in the name and behalf of their fellow survivors of that 250, and my prayer is that we may all be spared a little before we yo hence and are no more seen. The two wardens and seven of the ten vestrymen of that day have been called to their fathers. Of the three survivors, only one is a member of the parish to-daj'. The places here that once knew the others, know them no more. Of the present vestry two only were members of the conj,negation of 1868. Names of wardens and vestrymen of 1868: Ward- ens. — Lewis S. Thomas, John Fairbanks. Vestrymen. — Zebulon E. Carrington, John W. Burt, George VV. Stow, Henry Folsom, Nathan H. Stockwell. A. A. ]?radley, Samuel \V. Torrey, Chaunce\- Shepherd, William H. Morris and Francis C. Cantine. " My recollection of those twelve men is one of the treasured memories of a ministry of fort\--three years. They called a rector whom but two of them had ever seen, and took the further step before tliey fairly knew him, of ratifying their call by a request for his institution. It was no empty compliment. It struck me then and it strikes me now as a venture of confidence in their newly chosen rector which he had no reason to expect and which he can never forget. It helped him to cast his anchor here as in a haven where he would be. Within three months a house and home sprang up before his eyes, of which he was allowed the entire ordering. And there, amid all the changes that have been going on about him, with health preserved and a family circle unbroken, lie remains. It is a merciful and a gracious suspension of the rule of man's existence here that he ' fleeth as a shadow and never continueth in one sta\\' The circumstances of that only formal induction to a parish in the rector's experience stand out vi\idly in his memory to-day. As soon as the engagements of the Bishop of the Diocese allowed, the ceremony took place. It was the first Sunday in October, and pending the session of the triennial convention of the church, in the city of New York." Referring to the mission work of the church. Dr. Schuyler said: "I allude to this offering for diocesian missions because it was the beginning of outsitle benefactions which have gone steadily on for a quarter of a century uninterrupted, though doubtless affected by fluctuations in the business of yonder great city, in which the men before me, with rare exception, ha\-e ever been engaged. I have not the time nor will I be expected to tabulate these benefactions, and so 1 venture to sum tlu-m up in a sintrle total. Thev include offerings to missions at home and abroad, to Christian education and to church and charitable institutions — in a word, to all objects outside the parish, so far as they are shown by the annual convention journals of the diocese. The total is $75,355.42, or something over $3,000 per annum for twenty-five years. I should not do the church full justice were I not to notice the fact that while the benefactions were thus finding their way to distant places, it has not forgotten the charit\- that begins at home. There must be added to this $75,000, over $i8.000 more or an average of over $700 a year for the poor and needy of the tlock." Referring to the church extension work. Dr. Schuyler said: "To Grace Church Brotherhood of St. Andrew we owe the starting of a mission and the maintainance of a Sunda\- School and Sunday services which ha\e issued in the organization of an independent parish." Out of the 250 names on the communion roll when Dr. Schuyler took charge of the parish, only the following named persons were remaining on the twent\-fifth anniversarj' of Dr. Schuyler's pastorate: Emma Broome, Harriet Baxter, Mary Carrington, Aurelia Carrington, Laura Carrington, Sarah Crumble, William H. Decker, Hannah L. Decker, Fhebe Folsom, Caroline Lockwood, Caroline (Fairbanks) Harrison, Charlotte Fairbanks, Julia Holmes, Sarah Bayley, Emily Daniels, Anna T. E. Kirtland, Mary Marvin, Catharine (Sheldon) Franklin, James Young, Efifie Young, Isaac Young, Adelaide (Tompkins) Schieman, John VV. Russell, Mary H. Russell, Alvira Walker, Margaret Whitney, Aptha (Norris) Corlies, Margaret (Martin) Ludwick, M.irshall Shepherd, Adele (Dodd) Lindsley, Julia Soper, Ann T homas, Catharine (Newbold) Boiler, Phebe Dickson, Abbey Pierson, William H. Morris, Charlotte Stevenson. The total number of baptisms since the organization of the church is 1,118; jjresent number of communicants, 761; congregation, 1.400. The present wardens are Marshall Shepherd, The Founders and BriLPERS of the Oranges. 167 William M. Franklin Vestry.— J. J. Hroonio, Edward VV. Ashley. Jay C. \'.)ung. J. O. Ward, Charles F. Krocli. Dr. Thomas P. Fitch, Frank O. Harstovv, Walter Scranton, J. O. Watson (deceased 1895), Julius A. H...\l,iM. The lot on which the church and rectory stands cxtenils from Main through to William Street, with a frontage of 100 feet and and a depth of 300. The total value of the projjerty at the present time is al^out $75,000. Ri;v. Anthony Sciiuvi.KR, 1) D., is not only tiie oldest living rector of the Episcopal Church in the Oranges, hut his connection with Grace Episcopal Church, of Orange, covers a longer term of years than that of any minister of the gospel among the forty odd churches of Orange, South, East and West Orange. P'ew of the members who greeted him .is their rector nearly thirty years ago are now living. I le li.is followed the aged to their last resting place, he has united their children in bonds of holy wedlock and ailministered the holy rite of bajjtism to their children and children's chiklren. and these in turn have become workers and co-workers with him. He has " led his jjeople like a flock." guiding them into green pastures and b\- tlie side of still waters as he has ministered unto them from out of God's Woril. 'I lie affection between him aiul his people is very strong, and although the church has more than doubled since he became its rector, there arc few, if any, of his large congregation whose faces are not familiar to him. and the stranger requires no formal introduction but always receives a cordial greeting. It can be saitl with trutii, "The lines have fallen to him in pleasant places," and he has enjoyed a " goodly heritage. " Dr. Schuyler comes of an old Hollaml family associated with the early history of New York and New Jersey as well. Phili[) Pieterse Schuyler, the ancestor, came from y\msterdam. Holland, about 1650. and settled in Albany. He was commissioned captain in 1667. He married, December 12, 1650, Margarita Von Sliciitenliorst, and had seven or eight sons, among whom was Arcnt. Arent Schuyler, son of Philip Pieterse and Margarita (Von Slichtenhorst) Schuyler, was born in Albany, June 25, 1662 lie purchased in 1710 a large tract of land on the banks of the Passaic River, opposite Belleville, a part of which was then known as Harbadoes Neck, extending from the bay between tile entrance to the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, about seven miles north to what is known as Ruther- ford. Copper ore was discovered on his place by a negro servant and the mine was subsequently worked to advantage, large (juantities being shi[)iicd to England. He was verj' liberal in his contribu- tions to the church and was a man of wealth and [irominence. He married, November 26, 1684, Jcnnech Teller. Among the children mentioned are Col. John, who became quite prominent, and Casparus, the youngest. Casparus Schuyler, born about 1693, the youngest son of Arent, settled in Burlington. N. J., where he married Brocas. born May 16, 1695, died A])ril 17. 1754. They had among other children, a son, Aaron. Aaron Schuyler, son of Casparus, was born about 1730. lie married Hester Day, daughter of Col. Thomas Day, who commanded the Bergen Count)- Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was a noted patriot and a friend of the commander-in-chief. His home at Preakness, N. J., (still standing) w'as at one time used as the headquarters of Washington. Among the children of Aaron and Hester (Day) Schuyler, was Peter. Peter Schuyler, son of Aaron and Hester (Day) Schuyler, was born in Burlington. N. J., in 178S, married Caroline Brother, daughter of Valentine. They were the parents of Rev. Anthony Sc/niylir. D. D. Rev. Anthony Schuyler, D. D., son of Aaron and Caroline (Brother) Schuj-ler, was born at Geneva. N. Y., and was graduated at Geneva College. He then went to Ithaca, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar. and married in 1839. He had quite a successful practice and continued for ten years. After losing his wife, in 1849, he abandoned the law aad decided to enter the ministry. He pursued a course of study at Ithaca under the rector of the Episcopal church at that place. Rev. VV. S. Walker, and was ordained a deacon in December, 1850. After spending his deaconate of eighteen months at Pen Van. he was called to Oswego as rector of Christ Church, continuing until 1862. For the six years following he was rector of Christ Church, in Rochester. In both of these churches he had ■ 68 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. charges which i^rcvv in nuiiibcrs and strcUL^th and arc now prominent and influential parishes in those cities. lie began his duties as rector of Grace Churcli, Orange, in 1868, which tlien numbered about three iuindred communicants. Hetween seven and eight hundred is the present membership. In ail the State tliere is probabl)' not another more united church. Dr. Schuyler's work is tliat wholly of the ministry, leaving no time for activity in public affairs, and while he is in sympathy with every movement tending to better the condition (if the jjcople, he leaves these duties to others who have the time and the inclination for sucii work. In all matters looking to the moral improvement of the community he has full share. Dr. Schuyler has been twice married. His second wife was Mary Allen, daughter of Henry Allen, of Skaneateles. Three children were the issue of this marriage — Rev. Hamilton Schuyler, who is in charge of the cathedral at Daven- port, Iowa, under the charge of Bishop Perry, of that State; Anthony, in business in Newark, and one daughter, Margaretta. ChkIST Church, Rast Orange. The first meeting to take into consideration the expediency of organizing an Episcopal Church in East Orange, was held at the house of Mr. A. D. Baldu in, October 10, 1867. There were present. Rev. Mr. Bush, A. D. Baldwin, T. R. Mcllvaine, Richard Coyne, C. Marsh, Charles Quinby and E. M. Baldwin. On September 15, 1868, St. John's parish was organized at a meeting in the depot of the D. L. «!s:. W. R. R , at East Orange. There were present on this occasion, T. R. Mcllvaine, George Williams. Cyrus Loutrcl, Richard Coyne, C. Marsh and E. M. Baldwin. The first vestry was composed of the following named gentlemen: Wardens. — -William K. Kitchell, Chauncey Shepherd. Vestrymen. — A. D. Baldwin, George Williams, T. R. Mclhaine, Mr. Ogden, Mr. Decker and E. M. I^aldwin. On the 25th of September, 18O8, the name of St. John's parish was changed to Christ Church. The first regular service was held August 1, iS6y, in the school-rooms of Rev. John G. Mulholland, who gave his services and rooms free to the society. He preached and conducted the services for thirteen months, resigning September 4, 1870. The parish at that time numbered about twenty families. Christ Church parish was known at that time as a mission and was so recorded and represented in the Journal of the Diocese of New Jersey, at the eighty-eighth annual convention, held at St. Mary's Church, Burlington, on Tuesday and Wednesday, May 30 and 31, 1871. Rev. H. T. Bishop began his ministra- tions on the second Sunday in September (nth day of the month), 1870. In the early part of that year a lot was purchased on Main Street, abo\c Walnut, on which a frame building was erected at a cost of §9,650. The first service was held in the new building December 18, 1870, at which time some thirty families came from Grace Church, Orange, and in the report made to the convention about this time it was stated tliat there were fifty-five families, made up of 225 individuals; also that ten were confirmed on this occasion ; that there was a successful Sunda_\- School with nine teachers and forty- five pupils. The work begun by Mr. Bishop was carrieil on successfulh- for a number of years, the church gathering strength from year to year. On Sunday, December 23, 1S88, the building was burned and for two years following the congregation worshipped in Commonwealth Hall. Arrangements were made at once, however, for rebuilding on tlie old site. Rev. Mr. Bishop owned at this time the rectory and the property lying between the old church property and that owned by the Calvary Methodist Society, on Main Street. The church property was 230 feet in depth with a frontage of 60 feet on Walnut Street. Mr. Bishop offered to exchange his Main Street lot for the one on Walnut Street, leaving the equity to be determined by disinterested parties. This was done to the entire satisfaction of all parties, he being awarded SSoOO as etjuity. He then removed his house to Walnut Street, which left the church property with a frontage of 150 feet, just double the former width. Work was begun on the new church edifice as soon as the preliminary arrangements were completed and on Friday, March 27, 1891, the church was opened and services appro])riate to the occasion were held. The font and baptistry, lectern, pulpit, chancel rail, credence and altar, which were then used for The Foundf.rs and Builders of the Oranges. 169 the first time, were solemnly blessed by the Bishop of the Diocese. The service was at 4.30 o'clock, and after the ceremony of blessing, a number of the candidates for confirmation were baptized. The confirmation services followed, the Bishop making the usual address to the class. The building, which is of Indiana limestone, is cruciform with a nave fifty feet wide and eighty feet long; the transepts arc 20 feet deep, making the extreme width of the church across the transepts ninety feet. The principal facade is to south, on Main Street. It consists of a broad gable surmounted with a handsomely carved stone cross. In the gable is a group of tall lancet windows. Across this end of the building is a passage having very much the effect of a cloister with low mullif)ned windows. A broad arch is thrown across the roadway that passes between the tower and the church which is used as a poric cochere. The interior of the church has been finishetl in the most elaborate manner and is said to be equal to that of any church in the diocese. The ceiling is supported by queen-post trusses of elaborate designs, and on the ends of the hammer beams are hand-carved angel heads, facing the altar. From these hammer beams hang the gas fi.xtures of antique design in polished brass, resembling the old cressets of the twelfth century. The pews are of polished quartered oak, darkened to an antique tinge. The font is of the purest white statuary marble, sand finished, and the bowl rests on pillars of polished Sienna marble. The altar is of polished Sienna marble, a very artistic and rich piece of work. The church has a seating capacity of about 800. While the decoration and the furnishing of the church is of the most elaborate and expensive kind, yet not any of this expense has fallen on the church as a unit. The building committee of the church had simply to provide the cost of the bare shell, the walls and the roof and the heating apparatus. All the other things that have been added are the gifts of individuals as memorials, and of the various chapters of the church guild. The baptistry, the pulpit, chancel furniture, choir .stalls, organ, chancel rail, altar, credence, and in fact everything in the church has been provided in this way. The total cost of the church and all its accessories will considerably exceed $100,000. A large amount of the money to carry on the work was raised by the ladies of the church by entertainments and other means, and to their efforts is due to a large extent the success of the undertaking. The organ, a magnificent piece of work, built by Harrison & Co., of Bloomfield, was presented to the church by Mrs. James C. Petit. The total value of the church property at the present time is about $150,000. Rt\-. Mr. Bishop continued his labors with this church for nearly a quarter of a century, but was compelled to resign in April, 1894, in consequence of failing health. He was succeeded by Rev. ii'-hl^i^ William WtrrtTK*y Davis, the present incumbent. The present officers of the church are : Wardens. — 'J Charles Mechalick, Samuel \V. Whittemorc. Vestrymen.— W. G. Chittick, John V. Davis, Robert Andrews, Charles P. Brooks, G. E. Zippal, L. D. Clark, C. W.Cornell. W. C. Horn, F. W. Howe. H. G. Pickslay. All Saints' Parish. In 1876 a mission was started in that part of St. Mark's parish known as Orange Valley, under Mr. J. B. Van Wagenen, of St. Mark's vestry, as lay-reader. Its first location was in the old school-house, corner of Valley Road and Forest Street. It was subsequently removed to a cottage on the corner of Freeman and Tompkins Streets. In November, 187S, the Rev. William Richmond came to St. Mark's as curate, and took charge of the mission in the Valley. It soon out- grew its quarters and it became necessary to build a chapel. Mrs. A. J. Harrison gave as a site a lot 30 X 100 feet on the corner of Forest and Tompkins Streets, and while the chapel was building Evening Prayer was held on Sundays in the parlors of Mrs. Napoleon Stetson, on Tompkins Street. The chapel was opened for use, thoroughly equii)pcd, on the fourteenth Sunday after Trinity, September 14, 1879. with a celebration of the Holy Eucharist, about eighty-five communicants being present. This chapel was known as St. Mark's chapel. From this time the regular offices were the Holy Eucharist, at 7.30 on Sundays and Holy Days, and Evening Prayer on Sunday afternoons. Shortly after, a Sunday School was opened in the house on Tompkins Street next to the chapel. This house became known as the Mission House, and here work of various kinds was conducted. In October, 1881, the Rev. Harr>' 170 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. McDowell entered on duty as junior curate of St. Mark's and took up his residence in the Mission House. He was succeeded in August, 1883, by the Rev. Gilbert R. Underbill. The Rev. James A. Williams, D. I)., rector of St. Mark's, died September 2, 1883, and soon after the Rev. William Rich- mond and the Rev. Gilbert R. Underbill resigned. The chapel continued under the various clergy temporarily engaged at St. Mark's during the vacanc\' in the rectorship, and for a few months under the Rev. Bishop Falkner, the successor of Dr. Williams. Ill April, 1885, St. Mark's parish was divided and that part of it south of Glebe Street extending to the line of South Orange was erected into a new parish. The district between Glebe Street and Central Avenue was subsequently cut off from the new parish and made part of St. Mark's. On April 13, those interested in the new parish met in the Mission House, Mr. J. B. Van Wagenen in the chair, and took the necessary measures for incorporation, adopting the name of All Saints' Church and electing Wardens — J. B. Van Wagenen and Robert N. Drew; Vestrymen — John Young, C. G. Kidder, H. R. Terhune, I. Cryder Lee and P. F. Timpson. The vestry met the same evening and elected Mr. P. F. Timpson secretary and Mr. J. B. Van Wagenen treasurer, and by unanimous vote elected the Rev. William Richmond, S. T. B., rector. The election was accepted and the rector assumed the charge of the parish on the Second Sunday after Easter, April 19, 1885. The number fjf communicants was about 175. The chapel became All Saints' Church and the Mission House became the rectory. The building of a parish hall as an annex to the rectory was undertaken and it was opened for use in October, 1885. Lanil was acquired for the building of a new church on the corner of Forest and X'alley Streets, and ground was broken November 12, 1885. The plans were drawn for a large stone church, but it was deemed wise to build only so much of it as would be needed for some years to come. The cluirch was opened for use on the second Sumlay after Easter, April 24, 1887, and the old church became once more the chapel. From this time a vested choir of men and boys was maintained. The daily Morning and Evening Prayer began with Advent, 1885; the daily Eucharist, with All Saints' Daj-. 1893. A large amount of property was gradually acquired and the parish now (1896) has on one plot a church, a chapel, a parish hall, a rectory, a curate's house, a sisters' house, a young men's club-house, an embroidery house, and one building rented for a shop and dwelling-house. From the beginning the "free church" principal has been adopted, and for all purposes — current expenses and all expenses of purchase, building, equipment, etc. — the parish has depended entirely on the ofTerings placed in the alms-basins at public worship, without resorting to pew rents, subscription lists, fairs or the like. The scats are unassigned. The number of communicants in May, 1896, was 378. At different times since the erection of the parish the l\e\'. J. W. Elliott, tlie Rev. Edward Benedict and the Rev. G. H. Sharpley have been curates, and in addition to the original vestrymen, Messrs. William 1?. Bmilton, Edward C. Clay, F. W. Child, C. S. Trench, H. E. Kimball, H. T. Van Nostrand, Charles R. Wilmot, II. E. Matlheus, II. I. W. Davis and C. A. Balbach have served. St. Paul's Church, East Orange, corner of Prospect Street aiul Renshaw .As-ciiuc. The move- ment which led to the organization of this church began in the spring of 1869, in the dist-'ict which is still known as Watsessing, under the Re\'. William H. Carter, D. D., rector of Christ Church, Bloom- field. It began with a cottage service held at the residence of Isaac B. Grififin. This service continued regularly until the erection of a chapel on Myrtle Street, a lot for the same having been presented by Mr. Charles Hcnrichs. The chapel was opened for service by Dr. Carter, January 30, 1870, and the congregation continued to worship there for five years. Permission being granted, the lot upon which the chapel stood was sold for S450 and a larger lot was purchased on Dodd Street, East Orange, for $1,600. The old chapel was removed from Myrtle to Dodd Street and a chancel was added to it in August, 1875. This chapel remained a part of the parochial work of Christ Church, Bloomfield, until Eastertide, 1876, when the congregation decided to sever all connection with the Bloomfield parish and take a position as an independent mission. The parochial organization was effected November 17, 1876, and on the 22d of November following the new j^arish was admitted into union with the Diocesan The Foundeks and Builders of the Oranges. 171 Convention under the name of St. Paul's Church, of East Orange. The first vestry chosen was: Wardens.— John Ely, John Sherman. Vestrymen.— James Farmiloe, John A. Ely. John W. Wiseman. T. C. Hailey and Stephen Gilson. Rev. William White Wilson was elected as the first rector. He entered upon his duties May 14, 1S76 and remained until June, iSSo. Uruler his administration the congrei^ation increased so rapidly that it was found necessary to enlarge the buililing and in 1877 a wing was added, at a cost of $1,550. In October, 1880, Rev. Daniel I. Edwards became rector, assisted by his son, Rev. George H. Edwards. The elder Edwards rem.dned in active service until he was stricken with paralysis, in January, 1883. In August of the same year his son took charge, continuing until 1885, when he was succeeded by Rev. J. P. Faucon, who entered upon his duties November 27 of that year and remained for seven years. On Advent Sunday, November 27, 1S92, Rev. John W. Williams began his labors as rector and is still in ofifice. A lot wiis purchased in 1893 on the corner of Prospect Street and Kenshaw Avenue, at a cost of $3,000. Work was begun in July, 1895, and the building completed in January, 1896. The dedication ceremonies were held on Saturday, January 25. The services were conducted by the Rev. Dr. Walpole, a.ssisted by Rev. Mr. Reazer, of St. Mark's Church. The sermon was preached by Rev. Dr. Christian, from Psalms cx.xii ; 2. The dedication services were continued on Sunday, when a special historical sermon was preached by Rev. Anthony Schuyler, D. D., of Grace Church, who took for his subject "Some Recollections of a ministry of Forty Years in the Episcopal Church." His text was from Deut. iv ; 32: " For ask now of the days tkat are past." The new church edifice is built of Pompton granite laid in irregular ashlar in fourteenth century gothic style. The walls are solidly built, two feet in thickness and si.xteen feet high to the eave line. The roof is single peaked with the gable end on the street. In this are double fold entrance doors with a lancet window on each side and a cross mullioned wiiulnw above. The ground plan is 85 x 39, the side walls being plastered to the eaves, the roof suiiported b)- simple cross trusses and the ceiling being of narrow North Carolina pine, oil finished. The chancel is twenty-six feet deep, of which twelve feet is the sanctuary and the remainder the choir. The furnishings of the church are neat and in good taste and are mostly gifts and memorials. The choir stalls of quartered oak are the gift of Walter and Margaret Kerr; the handsome sanctuary rail in memorj- of Mrs Nanc\- Wilde, "the mother and founder of the church." The neat credence table on the right of the altar is the gift of the Altar Guild of the church ; the processional cross and the Eucharist candlesticks are the gift of Mrs. William M. Franklin and the triple light vesper candelabra are memorial offerings. The pews are of ash of neat design, finished in oil. A handsome font of Caen stone, in style to match the altar, was given by Thomas R. Creede, as a memorial to his mother. The pulpit was given by Mrs. George McCuUagh as a memorial of her father, and a fine literny desk was presented by Mrs. Florence McCullagh. The completion of the new church edifice is a monument to the tireless energy and hard work of the rector, the Rev. Joiin W. Williams. The total valuation of the present church property is about §22,000. Church of the Holy InN0CENT.S, St. Cloud, West Orange. A building was erected here in 1877 as a memorial to Mrs. Douglas Robinson. It was removed and enlarged the same year. The property is valued at about sS,ooo. Trinity Mission, Northfield, was established in connection with this interest. The first rector was Rev. T. Jefferson Danner. He was succeeded by Rev. C. H. Stocking. St. Andrew's Church, corner Centre Street and Stirling Avenue, Montrose, South Orange. This church is locateil in the midst of a thriving community which has grown up within the last few years, made up mostly of New York business men. The parish is the offspring of Grace Church, Orange. It was organized December 24, 1892, the priest in charge being Rev. Alexander Mann. The new church building was begun in 1S92, and was o])ened for service in July, 1893. It is of Indiana stone, a very pretty design, and in harmony « ith the surroundings. The first service held in the new building wa.s an early celebration of the holy communion, at seven o'clock A. M., on the last Sunday of June, 172 The Founders and Builders of the ORANOEf,. 1893, at which about forty of the members of the parish were present and received. In the afternoon, at 4.30 o'clock, was the formal opening service. Rev. Alexander Mann, who had been the priest in chart^e, made an address of welcome and thanked the Rev. Benjamin Brewster, of the Church of the Holv Communion, and Rev. Frank B. Reazer, of St. Mark's Church, for their assistance in estabhshing tlie parisli, and alluded to the effective work that had been done by the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the ort^anization of the parish. Rev. Anthony Schuyler, of Grace Church, Rev. Frank 15. Reazer, rector of St. Mark's, Rev. Benjamin Brcwsttr, of the Church of the Holy Communion, and Rev. E. B. Boggs, secretary of the Diocese of Newark, all participated in the services of the occasion and congratulated those who had been instrumental in the organizion of the parish and the excellent work accomplished. The present membership of the church is 150. The rector is Rev. Samuel H. Bishop. The wardens are H. II. Truman, T. H. Taylor; the vestrymen are W. H. Bradshaw, J. T. Coit, H. C. Edminston, II. \V. Thomas, Jos. Van Nostrand. Robert Warren, H. W. Winter. In the Suiida\- School thorc are forty-five pupils and nine teachers, with Charles H. Van Nostrand as superintendent. HETHODIST CHURCHES. FlKSi' M. E. Church, Main Street, Orange. The Methodists were the first of any other ilenomin- ation to encroach on the "pre-empted territory" of the old First Church. The early " circuit rider " recognized no prior claims but preached the gospel withou* fear or favor wherever and whenever he could find people to listen. About 1804, this region formed a small part of Haverstraw circuit and was under the charge of Rev. Barney Matthias. The circuit was of great extent and the preacher rode from place to place preaching in school-houses, in private houses, and frequently in barns. The popula- tion was small and scattered and the preacher enjoyed hard work and small pay. At a quarterly meeting held at the barn of Martiny Hogencamp. in Clarkstown, Rockland County, N. Y., November I, 1805, there is an account gi\en of the amount collected from the different classes. The amount received was !535.24 and the faithful preacher received as his salary for a quarter of the year, $27.68, with which he mounted his horse and rode on his way rejoicing. In 181 1 the circuit was divided and this region became a part of Bergen circuit. It included Orange, Newark, Fort Lee. Paterson, in New jersey, and Haverstraw and Nyack, in Rockland County, N. Y. In 1819-20, Rev. Charles Pitman, an honored name in New Jersey Methodism, traveled Bergen circuit, anil while occasionally visiting the house of a Mr. Crane, who lived in what is now Montclair, he held services in a school-house at Tory Corners, near the present Rosedale Cemetery. Revs. John Potts and Geo. Banghart assisted in maintaining these meetings. Occasional services were continued here for several years, but as far as is known no organization was attempted. Rev. Dr. Hoyt, in his history of the First Presbyterian Church, says : "A Methodist clergyman some time previously had visited Orange (referring to the preaching of Rev. James Wood, in 1824) and preached at a private house where a lady of that denomination resided. There were at that time very few Methodists in this place. It was the evening of Dr. Hillyer's lecture and the Doctor, on his way home from service, passing the place, saw quite a crowd assembled, some of them standing outside the door, among whom was a man of his own society who seldom went to church. The next day, meeting this man. the conversation turned u[)on the Methodist preacher, and he was asked what he thought of him. 'Why, I thought this,' replied Dr. II., 'that I ought to be thankful to God for sending a man here to preach His gospel \\ho can get the attention of such men as )'ou. My preaching does you no good, for you don't come to hear it. If another man can draw you out I shall be glad, and still more if he is made an instrument in bringing you into the kingdom of God.' The result was that the man was seen at Dr. Hillyer's next inquir\' meeting and was soon a member of his church." In the autumn of 1S2S, Rev. J. N. Crane, w ho then resided in Orange, being desirous of introilucing Methodism here, secured a place for worship in the upper room of a house on Main Street, near Cone, occupied by a Mr. Bishop, whose wife was a Methodist. Services were held there semi-monthly for Tin: Founders anh Riii.dkrs ok tiir Oranges. 173 several months by Rev. Isaac Winner, of Hellevillc circuit. In .M ucli, 1829, Rev. Jolin Kenneday, of the Halsey Street .M. E. Church, Newark, and Rev. Isaac Winner held occasional services in the white school-house which occupied the site of the present Brick Church, East Oranye. As the doctrines, spirit and aims of Methodism were at that period but little understood in this community, permission for the use of the school-house was withheld after a few months. In y\ur;ust of the same year the Masonic Hall, on Main Street, was opened for preaching. Calvin Tomj)kins, William Murphy and others of the Halsey Street M. E. Church, Newark, had generously rented and furnished the hall for divine worship. During the autumn and winter, services were maintained regularly and a revival of religion was in continual progress. At this time the first class, of ten members, was formed with Mr. James Collins as leader. One month later the class was formally recognized as a part of the Belleville circuit, so that September 38, 1829, establishes the date of the organization of the society, comjiosed of the following members: James Collins and wife, Richard Malsey and wife, Archibald Lvon. Samantha Lyon, Abram Clark, Abram Brantlt, Henry Smith and i\Ir. Barrett. This society continued as part of Belleville circuit until the following April (1830), when it was embraced in the Bloomfield circuit, under the pastoral care of Rews. David Bartine and John L. Gilder. The latter, however, after three months, was transferred to Newark and Rev. Edwin Janes was sent as a substitute. On August 24, 1830, the following were elected as the first trustees: Calvin Tompkins, William Murphy, Henry Wilde, John E. Edwards, Richard Kelsall, Archibald Lyon, and James Collins. On September 20, the board organized witk the following ofificers : James Collins, President ; Henry Wilde, Secretary; John E. Edwards, Treasurer. At this time it was decided to purchase the lot on the west side of the Masonic Hall belonging to Dr. Babbit (upon which the present edifice now stands), and a contract was made with Amos A. Harrison to erect a frame church 40 x 50 feet, with galleries and basement, for the sum of $2,620. The corner-stone was soon after laid and in about a year — in the autumn of 1831 — the church was dedicated. As Bloomfield was a four weeks circuit and could not possibly supplj' the new society with preaching except at long intervals, local preachers were largely employed and rendered valuable assistance. Among these were John Dow, Henry Hopkins, John Lee, William Lee, Abram Smith, William Sandford, Messrs. Mitchell, Taylor, Buckley, Cross, Hunter, J. S. Swain and I. N. Felch. The two last named afterward became ministers in the New Jersey Conference. In April, 1S32, the societ}' was taken from the Bloomfield circuit and made into a distinct charge. Rev. Edmund S. Janes, subsequent!}- elected Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, became, by appointment of the Philadelphia Conference, the first resident pastor of the Orange Church. At this time the church numbered eighty-eight members. It is proper to state that Rev. Mr. Janes won the confidence and esteem of all Christians in Orange by his sincere devotion, his personal attractiveness, his generous catholicity and his acknowledged talents. He did very much to remove existing prejudices and misapprehensions regarding Methodist doctrines and usages. In 1833 ^'^^ society was re-united to Bloomfield circuit, which relation was continued until 1837 when it again became a separate ajjpoint- ment. In 1838 it was united with Caldwell for one year and since then it has remained a separate station. During 1859 ^^^^ frame church which had been used for twenty-eight years was replaced by the present brick and stone structure, the former building being removed to the rear and used as a chapel. In 1868, during the pastorate of Rev. Dr. Dashiell, it became quite apparent that a second Methodist Episcopal Church was needed in Orange, and in the latter part of the following year, 1S69, quite a number of members left and organized the Calvary M. E. Church, East Orange. The following persons constituted a Board of Trustees for the new enterprise: A. B. Taj-lor, George J. Ferr\-, Albert Mann, John Marshall and A. S. Townsend. The members of the new church had the fullest sympathj- of the parent society in their separation. In 1879, September 28 and 29, occurred the semi-centennial anniversary of the church, which was observed by a celebration appropriate to the event. Services of the most interesting character were held. The presence and addresses of many of the former pastors and the social reunion of the members of the church and leading citizens of other denominations in Orange, made it an occasit)n long to be remembered. 174 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. During the sixty-five years of its existence the cluirch has been served by the following thirty-eight pastors consecutively: Revs. David Bartine, John L. Gilder, Edwin Janes. L. M. Prettyman, Enoch Reed, Edmund S. Janes, J. V. Potts, J. Cunningham, W. Burrows, J. S. Swain, W. Robertson, A. Gilmore, B. Day, S. W. Decker, C. S. Downs, \Y. P. Corbit. M. E. Ellison, J. S. Corbit, J. T. Crane, T. H. Smith, J. K. Burr, A. M. Palmer, S. W. Ililliard, J. .M. Freeman, L. R. Dunn, J. O. Rogers, R. Vanhorne, R. L. Dashiell, J. Hanlen, Wm. Day, J. J. Reed, J. H. Knowles, Jos. A. Owen, J. R. Wright, W. Tunison, V. A. Mason, G. P. Eckman and L. R. Streeter. The present trustees of the church are: John J. Ferine, Wilbur S. Knowles, Samuel F. Jayne, Augustus Bloodgood, James H. George, Henry Townley, Thos. J. Preston, Andrew Merwin and Robert F. Birdsall. The value of the church property is about $40,000. The membership is 500. The seating capacity of the church is about 700. The Sunday School numbers 300 scholars and 33 officers and teachers; Wilbur S. Knowles is superintendent. A movement is now in progress looking to the erection of a new church building in a more eligible locality. Calvary M. E. Church. For more than half a century the Methodists residing in East and West Orange continued to worship in the First Methodist Churcli. on Main Street. Orange. During this term there was a constant increase in the membership, and early in the sixties the neces- sity for a new organization became apparent. ^ , The expediency of organizing a new church was seriously discussed in 1868, during tlie pastorate of Rev. K. L. Dashiell, D. D., and the movement began in earnest the following year. At that time N. B. Taylor, Albert Mann, Geo. J. Ferry, John Marshall and A. S. Townsend were constituted a board of trustees for the con- templated enterprise. A lot was purchased and a brick edifice, with brown-stone trimmings, was erected. This was dedicated July 12, 1870. The church was organized with thirty-seven members, and the following constituted the first official board of trustees: N. B. Ta\-lor, Albert Mann, George J. Ferry, A. S. Towns- end and John Marshall. The members of the old or parent society were in full sympathy with the new organization and rendered valu- able aid at the beginning. Under the first pastor, the Rev. Charles Ryman, who began his labors April i, 1870, the cluirch made con- siderable progress. Rev. J. B. Faulks, his successor, began in 1872 and continued until the spring of 1875, and was followed by Re\'. D. W. Bartine, D. D. Rev. J. B. Faulks was again called to the pastorate in 1878 and remained three years. The Rev. M. D. Church was the next pastor, and he was succeeded by Rev. Charles E. Little, in April, 1884. There had been a steady growth from year to year and the church at this time had a member- ship of 182, while the Sunday School numbered about 200, including ofificers, teachers and scholars. The necessity for increased accommodations became apparent and accordingly a large plot of ground was purchased on the corner of Walnut and Main Streets, for §13,000. Plans for a new church edifice were drawn by J. R. Thomas, architect, and ground was broken August 5, 1885. The first shovelful of earth was removed by Mrs. Eliza Taylor, one of the oldest members of the cIuhlIi and a liberal CALV.\Ry M. E. CHURCH, OKANGi;. The Founders and Brii.DERs of the Oranges. 175 contributor to the building fund. It was expected the building would be completed in the summer of the following year; it was not, however, until January, 1S87, that the building was ready for occupancy. It was formally dedicated on Sunday, January 30, at which time morning, afternoon and evening services were held. Among those who took part on this occasion were: IJishop Randolph S. Foster, D. D., L.L. D., the Rev. S. F. Upham, D. D., the Rev. Henry A. ]?uttz. D. D., the Rev. A. L. Brice, D. \)., the Rev. Morris D. Church, the Rev. J. 15. Faulks, and the pa.stor. Rev. Charles E. Little. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Bishop Foster, from I TinKjthy, i ; 15 : "This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners." The afternoon service was conducted by Rev. S. F. Upham, D. D., who preached from Psalms Ixi ; 1,2,3. The evening service was by Rev. IIcnr\- A. Huttz. ]). 1)., who took Idr his te.\t, II John, i.\. Special services were held in the church during the week following. The building is well located and presents a fine appearance. It is of Hummelston stone, squared and rock faced. The total cost, including the organ and furnishing, was a little over $78,000. Of this amount, S/.ooo was covered by the sale of the old church property and the balance was raised mostly by subscription, so that the church was dedicated free from debt. The size of the lot is 90 x 165 feet. The main building has a seating capacity of about 800. The addition of a gallery at a later period increased the seating accommodations about 300. The new building was completed and occupied during the pastorate of Rev. Charles E. Little. He was succeeded by Rev. Henry Spellmeyer, who remained about five years and was followed by Rev. H. B. Kendig, whose pastorate covered a period of three years. He was succeeded by Rev. James R. Dobbins, who began his labors in 1894. This is now one of the most flourishing and successful churches in Essex County, the present membership being over 800. The Sunday School has had a steady growth since the date of its organization, the present membership now being between 400 and 500, with an average attendance of about two-thirds. The officers of the school are: Superintendent, Samuel (). Church ; Ass't Sup't, George W. Da\is ; Second Ass't, F. M. Jeffray; Intermediate Department, E. V. Morster; Primary, A. S. Wilson. Methodist Episcopal Church, of Maplewood. The beginnings of this little church was in no wise an exception to the rule in church organization. It was, indeed, "a day of small things," often despised and often discouraged, j'ct steadily gaining ground and never despairing. Excepting the Presbyterian, the religion which began here anti-dates all other churches in the Oranges. On December 7, 1811, a plot of ground "on the corner of the highway and Bear Lane" was donated by Caleb Durand to " the Baptist Society of Jefferson Village," and a neat, substantial meeting-house erecteil thereon. Elder Joseph Gildersleeve was in charge of this society for nearly half a century. He died in 1846 and with his death the organization ceased to hold further services. The little chapel soon became dilapidated and was fast going to decay when a proposition was made to the trustees by a few Methodist brethren who for several years had been holding meetings in the village, to have the property conveyed to them, they agreeing to repair the building and properly furnish the same for the services of the Methodist Episcopal Church. This proposition was accepted and on July 10, 1858, Noah Ball and John B. Clark, surviving trustees of the Baptist Society, by deed conveyed the propert)' to Charles M. Ball, Calvin H. Gardner, Odell Trenchard and Edward Badger as trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Jefferson Village. From this date, i8;8, to 1870, the society was reported in the minutes of the annual conference under that name, the Methodist Society of South Orange being one with them in their organization until the latter date, when the two societies reported separately to the conference and the name of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Maplewood was adopted. The withdrawal of the South Orange Society was a severe blow to the prospects of the Maplewood Church, yet they struggled manfully against the adverse current, striving by every honorable measure to sustain their organization although it soon became apparent that they could not grow in strength, situated as they were, nearer to South 176 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Oran, at Madison. N. J., by the Most Re\-. J. Roosevelt Bayley, D. D., the first Bishop of Newark. During the summer vacation of i860 it was remo\ed to its present location at South Orange. It was incor[)orated bj- an act of the Legislature in 1861, receiving all the rights and privileges of other colleges in the State. The college buildings are of stone, large and commodious, thoroughly ventilated and pro\itled with every modern convenience for the use of the students. The aim of the faculty is to impart a good education in the highest sense of the word, to train the moral, intellectual and physical being. The health, manners and morals of the students, all of whom are required to live in the college, arc objects of constant care. The .system of govern- ment combines strict discipline with kind and gentle treatment. The students are instructed thoroughly ♦He ascrilied his return from exile and the place of the church consequent to the fall of Napoleon, to the Blessed Virgin whose help the Christian world had employed with fervent and lasting prayer. Tnii Founders and Huilueks of the Orangks. 199 in tlie doctrines of tiio Roman Catholic Church ami traincil in its practice. The coijejjc was named in honor of Arciiijisliop Hayley's aunt, IMotiicr Seton, wiio introduced tlie Sisters of Charity into the Unitctl States and to wlmse prayers lie attributed the grace of his conversion to the faitli. Young Mkn's Christian Association. Tiiis association was the direct out','rowth of a scries of meetings held by the well-known evangelists Messrs. Moody and Sankey, in the Park skating rink, in September, 18S5, and the wave of spiritual enthusiasm which swej)! through the surrounding territory at that time. Mr. Moody strongly urged the need of such an association for Orange. Shortly after this, Samuel Colgate invited a parlor conference which was held at his home and tiie objects and means of promoting such an organization were presented to the invited guests. This was followed by a public meeting in Music Ilall, October 15, 1S85, which was largely attended and all the preliminary arrangements of the organization effected. At an adjourned meeting a week later, the following gentlemen were chosen as directors: Dr. George Hayles, Walter Hughson, Gilbert Colgate, Joseph C. Davis, Frederick L. Grant, George J. l"'erry, John D. Chitter, George A. Newman. Richanl M. Colgate, Dr. J. W. Stickler, Arthur D. Chambers, Samuel V. Jaync and John E. I'addock. The board organized by the election of Gilbert Colgate as President, Dr. Stickler, Vice-President, and John D. Cutter, Treasurer. Measures were at once taken to bring the association into active shape, and on December 12, 18S5, the okl house standing just east of the North Baptist Church (since removed by the opening of 1 lickory Street) was secured as the headquarters of the association. M. W. Voorhees was engaged as the general secre- tarj- and the active work of the associ- ation began. On December 17,1885, a conference of a number of leading citizens interested in the scheme was held and it was then and there de- cided to purchase a lot on Main St., the present loca- tion. A subscrip- tion list was started and in the spring of the following )' e a r t h e s u m pledged amounted to §25,000. and it was decided to be- gin work at once. Ground w a s broken in June and on January 11, 1887, the building was formally opened and the association took possession of the new home. The building stands well back from the front, affording ample room for any additions that may be required in the future. It VdlNG MEN S CJlRr^TlAX ASXK lATloN. 0KAN(;F.. 200 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. has a gj'iTinasium over fift}' feet square, well lighted and ventilated, and equipped with the best modern apparatus. It has two regulation bowling alleys provided with all the requisite conveniences, etc. The reading room is well supplied with the best magazines and papers, and also a large collection of artists' proofs wood engravings, valued at over $3-000. The reading room is free to all. On the third floor is Association Hall, with a seating capacity of about 450, the boys' reading and game room, etc. A chess room on the fourth floor has proved a great attraction and the chess club has played a number of tournaments here which have proved a credit to Orange. In June, iSgo, a colored branch of the association was opened in Willow Hall, under the charge of W. T. Plume, which has proved greatly beneficial to this class of people. A branch of the association was started not long after in Orange Valley which has since become detached and self-supporting. E. VV. V'oorhces was the first general secretary of the association. He resigned in 1886 and was succeeded the same year by John T. Swift. The latter remained till January, 1SS8, when he resigned to go as a missionar\- to Japan. Sumner F. Dudley, his successor, served until September 15, 1890, and was followed b_\- Harold W. liuchanan, who held the position for a year. M. J. Trenier\- was appointed in March, 1893, and was succeedctl by the present incumbent. Gilbert Colgate served as president of the association for two years; Dr. J. W. Stickler, two years; Richard M. Colgate, three years, and was succeeded by Charles T. Kilborne. There are now conncctetl with the association a Banjo, Guitar and Mandolin Club, besides evening classes in book-keeping, penmanship and stenography, bowling club, bic\'cle club, etc. Frequent entertainments of various kinds are given which are well attended. Although the distinctively religious meetings are confined to the bible class and the men's meetings on Sunday afternoons, yet it is the effort of all connected with the association to throw around the boys and )-oung men that come to the building an elevating and purifying moral atmosphere. The present officers of the association are: President, Charles T. Kilborne; Vice-President, A. W. Brigham ; Recording Secretary, David G. Holmes; Treasurer, George T. Seely. Directors. — Charles T. Kilborne, Joseph W. Stickler, Samuel O. Church, Edward Green, C. W. Baldwin, George F. Seeley, E. II. Dutcher, Richard M.Colgate, Dickinson W. Richards, Sumner F. Dudley, I. N. Burdick, David G. Holmes, W'illjur S. Knowles, A. W. I'liiL^liani. CEriETERIES. The old burial-ground at Newark contained the remains of many of the early settlers of Orange. These have all been removed and the only trace of them now is to be found in a copy of the inscriptions on the tombs, in the possession of tiie New Jersey Historical Society. The inscriptions on the tombs in the Orange burial-ground arc also preserved by this society. The "old cemetery," as it is now known, is located on the corner of Main and Scotland Streets, in the city of Orange. It was deeded to the Mountain Society by Nathaniel Wheeler, one of the first settlers at the mountain. There is only one of the original signers of the Fundamental Agreement— Anthony Olef — buried here. The earliest dates found on any of the tombstones are: Anthony Olive (or Olef), died March 16, 1723, aged 87; Nathaniel Wheeler, died October 4, 1726, aged 87; Esther Wheeler, died March 14, 1732-3, aged 87; Matthew William^, died November 12, 1732, aged 81; Ruth Williams, dietl July 27, 1724, aged 67; Samuel I'ierson, died May 16, 1730, aged 67; Samuel Ward, died May 15, 1733, aged 52; Dorcas Harrison, dieil June 25, 1738, aged 76; Ebene/.er Lindsley, died November 1, 1743, aged 78. It will be noticed that the first burial took place three years after ground was purchased of Samuel Wheeler on which to erect a place of worship, and Nathaniel Wheeler was the second one buried there, unless, perchance, others were buried there with no tombstone to mark the spot. The original plot contained about one and one-third acres ami had a frontage of 132 feet on the highway (now Main Street) and 421 feet on Scotland Street. Two acres adjoining were purchased by the parish in 1792 for .^38 2s. This made the frontage 2S9 feet with a depth of 629 feet. There are over 5CO gravestones in this old burying-ground on which the inscriptions are still legible. The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 201 Si". IMark's Cemetery. Tliis adjoins the old cemetery and appears to form a part of it. The corporation of St. Mark's Church, in November, 1842, bought a lot 86 feet in width on Main Street, lying west and extending south, the same in depth as the old cemetery. Tlie whole plot, including both cemeteries, is left exposed on the east side without enclosure. It will probably not be many years before the graves will be removed and this valuable site lying in the heart of the city will be devoted to business purposes. ROSED.M.E Cemetery. The necessity for a new burial grcuind became apparent soon after the organization of the Second Presbyterian — now Brick Church, of East Orange, and what is now known as Rosedale Cemetery was started by a few gentlemen connected with tliis church. They first purchased a tract of ten acres lying within the boundaries of the present East Orange, in what was formerly known as Dodti Town. They obtained an act of the Legislature incorporating them with simple powers and adequate securities against the encroachments of business enterprise. The act of incorporation was passed November 13, 1840, and was among the first in the State for chartering cemeteries. Three years later an additional purchase of about ten acres was made. The original incorporators were Calvin Dodd, Cyrus Baldwin, Aaron Williams, Timothy W. Mulford, Jabez Pierson, Albert Pierson and William Pierson, Jr. These incorporators were made the original board of managers and the articles of incorporation recite thai they shall have power to "take and hold in fee the tract of land situate in the township of Orange, near the residence of Caleb Williams, containing about ten acres, late the property of John Quinby, deceased." The original incorporation of the cemetery was under the title of "The Proprietors of the Orange Cemetery." On March 8, 1844, a supplement to the act of incorporation was passed changing the corporate name to "The Proprietors of Rosedale Cemetery." The original officers were : President, Calvin Dodd ; Treasurer, Albert Pierson ; Secretary, Cyrus Baldwin. The original act limited the members of the corporation to the owners of lots in the cemetery and provide that they may add other poperty not exceeding thirty acres in the whole. This was found to be entirely inadequate and an act was passed by the Legislature on April 3, 1S67, author- izing the acquirement by the corporation of additional land to the extent of seventy-five acres. The act gave the company power to issue bonds to the extent of S;,o,ooo, bearing interest at seven per cent, exempt from taxes. The only sources of income to the cemetery are from the sale of lots, the opening of graves and the amounts paid by the lot owners for the care of the lots. The affairs of the company are managed by a board of seven directors chosen annually. Calvin Dodd, the original president of the corporation, was succeeded by William Pierson, Jr. His successors have been Nelson Lindsley, George Lindsley, Thomas S. Root and Charles A. Lighthipe. the present incumbent of the office. George I*. Kingsley has been the treasurer since October, 1875. Charles F. Lighthipe is the secretary. The present Board of Directors consists of the following: From Orange. — Charles A. Lighthipe, George P. Kingsley, George Spottiswoode, Horton D. Williams, and William R.Howe. From East Orange.— Llias O. Dorcmus; and from Montclair.— Frederick Harris, Dr. J. J. H. Love and Philip Doremus. CHAPTER XV. CIVIL HISTORY OF ORANGE. CHANGE FROM TOWNSHIP TO TOWN GOVERNMENT; DIVISION AND ERECTION OF SOUTH. WEST AND EAST ORANGE TOWNSHIPS; CITY CHARTER; MUNICIPAL ORGANIZATION; POLICE AND FIRE DEPARTMENTS; WATER WORKS; MAYORALITV ; CITY CLERKS; EDUCATIONAL; INDUSTRIES; BANKS; THE PRESS; LIBRARIES; ORANGE FREE LIBRARY; NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY; MUSIC HALL; MENDELSSOHN UNION. 4\r f^': . /.^^. : ' ' ^^' ■ J ^' ''•v\ HE old form of township government ser\ed its purpose during the first half century of its existence. As the town increased in population however, a change in the form of government became necessary, and on Thursday evening, November 17, 1859, a meeting of the citizens of Orange was held at Willow Hall, pursuant to a call of the Township Committee, to consider the propriety of applying to the Legislature fi)r a change in the laws regulating the township government. The meeting was called to order by Mr. Nelson Lindsley. Dr. Rabbit was appointed chairman and E. 1). Pierson secrerary. A resolution was adopted, introduced by Dr. Pierson, "That it is expedient to taln of his predecessor, which he pushed forward with great vigor and earnestness. He was naturally interested in every improvement which was being made, for he had grown up with the 210 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. town and knew its needs from his chiUlhootl up. He was born in East Orange in 1845 'i'^'' received his education at tlie inibUc school. At the breaking out of the Ci\il War he enhsted in the navy and served until the close of the war. After his return he engaged in the hatting trade for some j-ears. He was made factory inspector for the State in 1887, under a new law recently enacted. He has been an active worker in the democratic party, for many years serving as a member of the Count)- Committee and in other positions. He was sent as a delegate to the National Convention that nominated Gen. Hancock for President. Hon. John Gn.l., twelfth ma\-or of Orange, 1894-1896, was nominated b\- the republicans in 1895, and led his party to victory. He has just entered upon his second term, having been re-elected in the spring of 1896. Since the incorporation of Orange as a town, January 31, i860, its affairs have never been administered in a more business-like or satisfactory manner than during the past two \ears ending April, 1896. Mayor Gill, although the nominee of the republican party, has won the respect of his fellow-citizens by his fearless, impartial and conscientious discharge of the duties of his office. The ancestors of Ma\'or Gill were among the founders f ; He it therefore enacted by the Governor, Council and Reproscritatives, in General Assembly now met and assembled, and by Authority of the same, that three Men be chosen \'earl\- and every Year in each respective Town in this Province to appoint and agree with a School Master, and the three Men so chosen shall have power to nominate and appoint the most convenient place or places where the School shall be kept from time to time, that as near as may be the whole Inhabitants may have the benefit thereof." On the first of January, 1697, the town meeting chose a school committee consisting of Theophelus Pierson, Jasper Crane and Thomas Richards, who were authorized "to agree with a School Master to keep School in this Town for the Year, according to Act of Assembly." The First School-House. As appears by the records, thirt}--seven years elapsed before anj- attempt w.is made to build a school-house. It is probable that the school, during this period, was kept in the Meeting-house. At a town meeting held at Newark, September 28, 1714, "It was ordered by Vote, y' y* old floor in y<= Meeting-house Should be made use of for y*^ Making a floor in y<= School- house in the Middle of y"^ Town." State Legislation, Appointmknt of Committees. Etc. The first State legislation in behalf of public schools was on February ig, 1816, by which "the Legislature authorized and directed the treasurer of the State to in\cst in the public si.\ per cent, stock of the United States in the name of and for the use of this State, the sum of $[5,000." Other stocks were added to this in 1817, making an aggregate of §87,076.34. The first distribution of public funds was by enactment of February 24, 1829, which provided that the trustees of the school fund should appropriate annually from the proceeds thereof §20.000 for public schools. This was the first attempt at disbursement. Hitherto it had been all accumulation. The mone\- that had been gathering for thirteen years had reached a level from where it would be safe to distribute, and the trustees of the fund "are to divide this $20,000 among the fourteen counties in the ratio of State tax paid by the counties." The Chosen Freeholders of the several counties were directed to re-disburse to their several townships in the ratio of the county tax paid by the townships. Townships were required to elect annually school committees of three each, whose duty it was to divide the townships into convenient school districts, license teachers for the township, call district meetings of the taxable inhabitants only, and to divide the public money quarterly among the several districts according to the number of children between the ages of four and sixteen years. The district meetings were to determine how many months in the year a school should be kept, and the trustees were to provide a house or room for the school. By the act of February 16, 1831, the act of 1829 and supplement of 1830 were repealed and a new act substituted. By this act the sum of $30,000 was annually appropriated from the proceeds of the school fund, to be drawn on or before the first Monday in April. Authority to levy an annual school tax was continued to the townships, and they were empowered to assign all the State money to educate the "indigent poor" if they chose. The patrons, supporters or proprietors of common iiS The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. scliools ill the townships were directed to organize their several schools, if not already organized, by the appointment of any number of trustees. The trustees were to report to the township school com- mittee their organization; whereupon the committee was directed to recognize all such schools as being entitled to their proportion of the public money. The township school committees, upon the receipt of the annual reports of the several boards of Trustees, assigned the public money to each school in the ratio of the number of children taught, as reported to them during the preceeding j'ear. If the township had voted all the public money to the use of the poor, then the ratio of distribution was to be as to the number of "poor" children taught in each school. In March, 1838, there was a new enactment authorizing this 30,000 to be disbursed from the school fund annually on the usual basis. Township school committees were again empowered to divide town- .ships into convenient school districts, alter and change them as circumstances may require, and if advisable, form them from ]:)arts of two or more adjoining townships or counties. By the law of 1S46 the annual sum of .S30,ooo was continued to be appropriated, but townships were required to raise a sum at least equal to the proportion of the State appropriation, but not to exceed double that sum. In 1836 the General Government found itself in possession of more money than it wanted, or would be likely to want. By Act of Congress, passed June 23 of that year, it distributed to the several States. as a loan without interest, more than $30,000,000 of this " surplus re\enue," as it was called. The sum appropriated to the State of New Jersey was $764,670.44. A supplement to the act of 1846, passed March 14, 1S57, provided for an annual disbursement of $40,000 of the proceeds of the school fund and $40,000 from the general treasury, making a sum almost equal to the entire school fund of a third of a century before. By an act of 1852, the "Trustees of the School Fund " were authorized to dispose of all that remained of the lands belonging to the State, at Paterson, by private or public sale, and invest the proceeds thereof in the school fund. By an act of 1867, the formation and re-formation of school districts was taken from the peojjle and placed in the hands of the County Superintendent. In iS7[ an act was passed assigning the proceeds from the sales and rentals of "land under water" to the school fund. From this source a large amount is realized annually. In the same year the Two-Mill Tax was enacted. This is an assessment of two mills on ever\- dollar of the assessed value of all taxable property in the State. From this source there was realized, in 1875, the sum of $1,237,578.57. It supercedes the township taxes heretofore required, provided the sum realized by this tax proves to be sufificient to maintain free schools in a given township nine months in the )'ear. " Sectarian schools " are specially denied any part of the two-mill tax. The First School at the Mountain. Dr. Wickes, in his " History of the Oranges," states that the first school-house built at the mountain was in 1729. "It was a framed building, about 20x30, with eight-feet posts, roofed with shingles and sided with boards, also ceiled with boards within. The chimney in the corner, built upon tlie timbers above, received the pipe from a cast iron box stove. The house occupied the triangle of ground formed by the intersection of the Swinelield Road with the Valley Road at the turn of the former toward the notch. * * * This .structure occupied its original site till near the middle of the present century, when it was moved a few feet to the south-west and within the east line of the Valley Road." Other Schools Estahlishki) and School-Houses Erected. A stone school-house was erected at Cranetcnvn about ten years later, and as the population of the several outlying districts increased, schools were established to meet the wants of each. There is no record of the names of the first school teacher who taught in this locality. The first attempt at "higher education" was by Rev. Caleb Smith, who opened a classical school in 1757, which he carried on successful!}- for about four years. The founding of the Orange Academy, in 1785, was another step in this direction. The matter was first introduced b\- Rev. Jedediah Chapman, for many years pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, anil was finally agreed upon at a public meeting held April 21. 17S5. A building site, one- tenth of an acre, was obtained of Matthew Condit, oti Main Street, " con\eyeil by deed, dul\- executed, unto tiie Rev. Jedediah Chapman, Col. John Condit and Henrj- Squier, to hold the same in trust, to be The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 219 and remain a ])lacc for an Academy which shall be for the use of a public school for all the inhabitants of Orange in general." The money was raised by public subscription and a substantial twcjstory building of brick and stone was put up, in which a parochial school of high grade was soon in successful operation. Mr. Chapman's name uniformly headed the list of trustees, who were appointed annually. It enjoyed a high reputation, not only as an elementary but as a preparatory school for college, and distinguished men of this and other States pointed with [jride to this as their alma mater. The school continued in successful operation for more than half a century. The district schools, which were all "pay schools," steadily advanced and the numerous private schools which flourished during this period were liberally patronized. Few towns in the State of New Jersey ever enjoyed better educational advantages than tlid Orange uiuier the old regime. The cost of obtaining a classical education in those tiays was considerablj" less than the average cost of the public system at the present day. The prices charged by the Newark Academy in the early part of the present century were: "For instruction in the English language, writing, arithmetic and public speaking, two dollars per quarter of twelve weeks; geography, book-keeping, Latin, Greek and mathematics, S3. 25 ; French, by a native, one guinea. Public exhibitions by the speakers in those days were of frequent occurrence. Referring to public speaking in the Newark Academy, it is said that "our parish voted, in the year 1793, that the public exhibition of the academy may be held in the meeting-house." The Free School System. Application was made by the township of Bloomfield, in 1849, fo"" ^ special school law. It met with very strong resistance, but the free school law was enacted in 1849, amended in 1S50, and the tuition of ail children was henceforth paid by taxation. Section I of the amended act authorized the township to "raise by tax at the annual town meeting a sum not to e.xcecd $2,500 in any one ye.u. which money shall not be applied to the building of a school-house or school- houses.' Section 2 provides "that the amount authorized shall not in any one year exceed one-half the amount of ta.xes assessed the preceding year in said district for all purposes." Section 3 provides that "the town su[)erintendent. together with the township committee, shall be and are hereby author- ized to unite, divide and alter their school districts and change the bountlaries thereof whenever and as often as they may deem it necessary or expedient for the public benefit." This act was approved March 6, i860. The history of the free schools of Orange from 1850 to 1879, given below, forms a part of the very exhaustive History of Education in Orange, prepared bj' the late Hon. Alexander H. Freeman, for many years Superintendent of the Board of Education: "At the annual town meeting in 1851, Abraham Harrison was elected town superintendent for the fourth time, his services being closed by death in November of that year. The town then comprised eleven districts, requiring a fraction of South Orange to complete one of them — now Clinton township. The larger and more central districts availed themselves promptly of the new legislative privileges, wrote out anew and with more precision the certificates of their several boundaries in conjunction with the superintendent, and filing them with the county clerk, advanced at once to the dignity of corporations. The trustees of the academy district having, in the year 1845, obtained the legislative aid they desired, sold the lot and building to John M. l.indsley and purchased a part of the lot in Day Street on which the old frame school building lately stood, and now occupied by the tank of the Orange Gas Light Company, who bought the lot when the Park Avenue .school-house was built. A building three-fifths the width of the old frame school building was constructed in 1846-7 and was ready for occupancy early in 184S. The rear part of the lot (the whole being two hundred feet deep) was afterwards purchased of Stephen D. Day. The building, after being used for many years, was sold when the Park Avenue school house was built and became a tenement. The first district school tax under the law of 1S51 was levied at a meeting held in the old academy district, which had, under the statute, assumed the name of " Central ' in the spring of 1852. The levy was four dollars per child. The sum realized by the tax is not on record, but was judiciously applied by anticipation by the trustees in enlarging the building during the summer vacation of 1852. In 1858, at 220 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. at a cost of $300, an addition of thirty feet was made to the scliool hit, \\hich completed its present dimensions, the money being raised by a district tax. January 31, i860, the State Legislature changed the legal standing of the township by raising it to the dignity of a town or borough corporation, placing its municipal government in the hands of a mayor and Common Council ; all tax levies to be fixed by the popular vote, as heretofore, and no change was to be made in public school administration. In 1861 the propriety and advantages of combining the districts lying in the central part of the town came to be seriously considered and much discussed. The movement is said to ha\e begun in the Ashland district, now included in the township of East Orange. The lack of uniformity in text books was one of the chief subjects of discussion. Meetings were held antl the desire for centralization was strength- ened and diffused by discussion, and during the fall and winter of 186 1-2 became quite general in the Ashland, Central and St. Mark's districts, embracing territory reaching on Main Street from Walnut Street, in East Orange, to the top of the first mountain, and having a northern and southern boundary of various courses, and containing as per statement and report of the superintendent, two-thirds of the eligible children of the town. About March i, 1862, measures had been taken by the town superintendent and a majority of the trustees of each of these districts, which they sujiposed had resulted in the abolition of the districts according to law. April 7, i8C>2, the legal voters of the districts met as one district at Willow Hall, upon the call of the town superintendent. Mr. F. A. Adams was chairman of the meeting and J. Addison Freeman secretary. The meeting elected three trustees for the district, viz.: David N. Ropes, Benjamin F. Birrett and William Pierson, Jr. This Board of Trustees, jointly with the superintendent, on the fourth day of June then ne.xt ensuing, filed in the county clerk's office their certificate of incorporation. On the i6th of June a meeting of the new district, \vhich had been named "Central District," was held at Willow Hall, but no definite action was taken. An adjourned meeting was held on the 28th, at Library Hall, where Andrew Britton was made chairman and L. H. Hill secretary of the meeting, when two very important measures were adopted. One was the adoption of St. John's parochial school as one of the schools of the district, and the other was to tax the district the sum of three thousand and five hundred dollars for the support of the schools for the current year. This was a district tax, the town already having voted the customary three thousand dollars With the present population such an amount of tax would seem very moderate, but at that time it was considered extravagant. Only one gentleman in the audience, a heavy ta.x payer, had the courage to raise a dissenting voice. The action of the trustees in abolishing the then old district was found to be illegal ; relief was sought and obtained through the courts and the former proceedings set aside. The opinion expressed by the Supreme Court at its session in June, 1864, was that "the three districts were never legally abolished and, consequently, that the ta.x was illegally imposed, and that the abolishment and the vote imposing the ta.x should be declared void as against the prosecutors." This opinion of the Supreme Court dissolved the Central distiict into its original elements and the old regime was allowed to resume its sway in peace. The disintegration of territory causetl by the separation of South Orange in 1861, and West and East Orange in 1863, necessitated important changes in the several school districts. For the next five years the public schools of what had become the town of Orange reduced to two districts, and a few fragments of districts followed the usual methods of district organization until the 3d day of April, 1868, the Legislature enacted that the public schools should thenceforth be uniler the management and control of a Board of Education, incorporated by the name of the "Board of Education of the Town of Orange." This Board was constitLited of nine members, three from each ward, and the Legislature made the first appointments in manner following, to wit : For the First Ward, Nathan W. Pierson, James C. Hardin and William Pierson, Jr.; for the Second Ward, William Cleveland, Edward II. Ensign and William M. Price; for the Third Ward, Robert L. Da.shiell, Edward Coumont and Aaron Carter, Ji-. Dr. William Pierson was elected president and Aaron Carter, Jr., secretary. The Founders and 1U;ii,ders of the Oranges. 221 In the next succeeding,' year the charter of the town was thoroughly and systematically revised excejjt in relation to the Hoard of Education, wliich, having been so recently enacted and drawn with great care, did not rc(iuire revision. This centralization of the work of public instruction in the hands of one body of men was attended with the anticipated and customary good consequences, resulting in uniformity in tlie course of study and in the adoption of text books, a thorough system of discipline, the selection liy rigid examination— of principals for the several school buildings and teachers for all the departments, the choice of a superintendent as the general agent of the board in all matters of tuition, providing school-houses and keeping them in repair and in a comfortable condition at all seasons. The work of improving the public school system and increasing the facilities has gone steadily forward and there are now five large school buildings within the city limits, provided with the latest and most improved facilities for the education of the young. The total valuation of these, according to the report made in 1896, is $161,206.31; total enrollment, 2,731. The following is a complete report of the schools, school buildings, etc., to the beginning of 1896: No. I. Hltill School Westerly side of Day Street, in the rear of the First Presbyterian Church. Size of lot, loS feet front by 188 feet deep; cost, §8,000. Building $40,440.23 ; built in 1869. There are 10 rooms, \\ith a seating capacity of 440, with 13 teachers; total enrollment, 1S96 — boys, 234; girls, 27i\ total, 507. No. 2. Lincoln Avenue. Corner of Lincohi iVvcmie and Jackson Street. Lot 138 feet wide on Lincoln Avenue by 200 feet dcej); cost, $5,000. Building erected in 1871 ; cost, $22,673.13. It has eight rooms; seating capacity, 378 ; teachers, 9; enrollment — boys, 260; girls, 262 ; total, 522. No. 3. Pauk Avi NUE. Northerly side of Park Avenue, near North Center Street. L(jt 150 feet front by 250 feet deep; cost, $3,900. Cost of building, $18,997.22 ; erected in 1882. It has 13 rooms; seating capacity, 614 ; teachers, 14; enrollment — boys, 343 ; girls, 370 ; total, 713. No. 4. FORE-ST Street (Valley). Easterly corner of Valley Road and Forest Street. Lot 150 feet on Valley Road by 159 feet deep; additional 50 feet purchased in 1895 at a cost of ^1,800. The original site is very old, and the cost is not known. The building cost $43,750.51. Rooms, 6 ; seating capacity, 260; teachers, 7; enrollment — boys, 172; girls, 141 ; total, 313. No. 5. Oakwood Avenue. Westerly side of Oakwood Avenue, nearly opposite Dennis Place. Lot cost $6,600. Building, $35,345.35 ; erected 1889; twelve rooms, seating capacity 499; teachers, 12; enrollment — boj's, 332; girls, 344; total, 676. Board of Education. The present Board of I-lducation (1896) consists of the following: First Ward. — George Bayles, President; Thomas W. Harvey, C'harles H. ManiL Second Ward. — Charles A Lindsley, J. Eugene Smith, Manning E. Drake. Third Ward. — Wilbur F. Kynor, J. Rowland Mix, Neil R. Howard. Fourth Ward. — O.scar Thomi)son, Philip F. Timi)son, William H. Bradshaw. Fifth Ward. — Andrew J. Hebcrling, Albert E. Robinson, Nelson O. Wilhelm. Private Schools. Abraham Harrison, who taught in the Orange Academy from 1807 to 1811, afterwards taught a classical school in his own house. Albert Picrson, a grandson of Matthias Pier.son, opened a school in Masonic Hall, about 1831, and afterwards in a building of his own in the rear of his dwelling on Main Street. Later he erected a three-story brick building which received the name of Willow Hall. One of his early assistants was a bright young Irishman who proved subsequently to be a no less personage than the gallant Gen. James Shields, one of the heroes of the Mexican War. Alonzo Brackett, who taught for some years in the academy, subsequently opened a boarding school on Main Street, which became quite popular in its day. He was assisted by Mr. Charles W. Monroe, who afterwards had charge of a .school in West Orange. The Mi.sses Simpson, daugliters of Simon Simpson, a Scotchman, were popular instructors in Orange for a number of years. They occupied the buikhng for a number of years on the northwest corner of Hillyer and William Streets. In 1852 Mr. Thomas C. Ingalls opened a school in the Simpson building which was in operation for about two years. The Misses Stanley and Smith cst.d)lislied a school about 1870 which was called the Orange In.stitute, occupying the ohl Dr. Pierson home which stood on the site now occupied by the Central Presbyterian 222 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Cliurcli. The Misses Robinson, daus^hters of Col. Chester Robinson, for more than twenty years principal of the Orange Academy, taut^ht a private school in Orange for many years which was well patronized. The Dearborn-Morgan school, which is recognized by many colleges as equal in rank with the best New lingland schc^ols, was established by Miss J. B. Dearborn, Miss A. B. Morgan and Rev. C. H. Mann, in 1876. In 1879 Dr. D. A. Kennedy, a graduate of Yale, came as master of the classical department. He became a co-principal and joined the firm a few j-ears later. The first class graduated was in i88i,a class of three. The graduating class for 1895 was eighteen. The boy graduates have gone to Harvard, Yale, Ikown, Columbia, Princeton and Amherst, and the girls to Vassar, Smith, Wellesley and Bryn Mawr. The success of the school has been due to the constant personal supervision of the principals, who have made a careful study of the problems of education. They have gathered around them teachers of intelligence and ability who have rendered efficient aid in keeping the work up to a high standard. The classes are divided into small sections to gain the best development of tlie individual. In this way are secured the benefits coming from a graded system and yet the elasticity of tutorial work. The primary department is conducted so as to impart the best elementary education. The work in literature, history and science for the older pupils compares favorably with that of the first classes in colleges. Mr Mann withdrew from the firm in June, 1895, and Miss Dearborn retired in September, but the school is still carried on b\- Dr. Kennedy and Miss Morgan with the same high aims which have long characterized it. THE PRESS. So far as journalism is concerned. Orange was for many years a suburb of Newark, depending on the one Newark paper for its local news. With the exception of deaths and marriages, Orange supplied but little material for the columns of the paper, but when, early in the thirties, New York merchants commenced buying farm lands and converting them into villa plots, ample space was given to record the facts and other items of interest growing out of the change. It was not until 1S54, when the new element had largely supplanted the old, that the people of Orange realized the importance of having a weekly journal of their own. The project originated with Mr. Robert Seers, a New York publisher, who came to Orange in 1S50. He talked over the matter with his friends and neighbors, and the result was that Mr. Edward Gardner offered to start a weekly paper, provided the people of Orange would furnish a capital of §1,000. A canvass was made and forty individuals subscribed $25 each, among whom was Mr. E. O. Doremus, of East Orange, from whom these facts were obtained. The Orange Journal was then started, with Mr. Edward Gardner as editor and proprietor. There were no separate local governments then and the four Oranges were under one name and municipality, and this was the only paper in Esse.x County outside of the city of Newark. The size of the paper was then 24x37 inches, quarto, seven columns. In iS6o Mr. Gartlncr tlisposed of the ])roperty to Messrs. Henry Clay Bloomfield and Henry Farmer. At this time it hail enlaiged its pages to 28 .\' 40 inches and increased the number of its cohunns to eight. These gentlemen retained proprietorship until July 13. 1861, when Mr. Gardner again took possession and remainetl at its head until April 30, 1 870, and on May 2 of the same year he disposed of it to Mr. J. M. Reuck, of the New York Evening Post. For six years, or until April i, 1876, the Journal was conducted by Mr. Reuck as a Republican paper, and on that date he disposed of it to Mr. Oliver Johnson, of the New York Tribune. Mr. Johnson brought to the editor's chair an experience and ability which enabled him to advance the Journal to a leading position among the papers of the State. He made many improvements in the paper, changing it from a folio to a quarto, adding new type and expending a large sum in making it conform to his literary and artistic taste. Not having realized his monetary anticipations, Mr. Johnson disposed of his interest to Samuel Toombs, then city editor, who at once changed the character of the paper by confining its work almost wholly to the local field, magnifying local interests, giving full and EDGAR WILLIAMS. The Koundkus and Huii.ders ok riir, OKANf;ES. 223 accurate reports of all local affairs. In 1S83, believing; that the time had come when the citizens of Orant:;c would appreciate an atlvaiicc in newspaper work, Mr. Toombs issued the Journal as a semi- weekly, lie continuetl until 1885, when it was purchased by its present owner. As soon as Mr. Williams secured the Journal he thoroughly overhauled the establishment, putting in a new Campbell press, with new type, and enlarging the paper to 29x42 inches, nine columns. The first issue under his management was on April 17, 1883. but it was not until a later date that all the improvements were completed, and the Journal made an attractive appearance in its enlarged form, tidy dress and make-up. The paper has steailily gained favor under the present management. In politics the Journal \^ Republican, but although the editor continues the policy of his predecessors in m.iiiitaining the princii)les of the Republican party, he is not so biased that he cannot condemn his (Mvn part}- when occasion requires, or applaud a political adversary for meritorious acts. Not only is the .7(i/^r;/(?/ ai^prcciated by residents of the Oranges for the large amount of interesting local news furnislu-il each week, l)ut a glance at its columns shows that it is valued b\- merchants as an advertising medium, circulating as it does not only in the Oranges but in some of the other villages about this noted cluster. The advertisers are not confined to the resident merchants, but soine of the largest houses of New \'ork and Newark, realizing that the trade of Orange is not wholly confined to local houses, liberally advertise for a share of it. The progress and growth of the Oranges is reflected in the growth of the Journal and it is a representative paper of a flourishing and highly-favored community, a welcome visitor to homes where the word "welcome" is always uttered with the emphasis of sincerity. In June, 1S95, the Journal was incorporated as the Orange Journal Publishing Company, under the laws of New Jersey, Mr. Williams, of course, retaining the controlling interest. The present members of the editorial staff of the Journal ^rc: Edgar Williams, editor and proprietor; Frank H. Jamison, city editor; Eugene W. Farrell, business manager; William J. Fitzgerald, advertising manager. Edgar Williams, to whose energy and enterprise the Journal owes its greatest success, is the first one of its proprietors during its forty years' existence who is to the manor born. His ancestors were among the sturdy Founders of this portion of Essex County, while as a niouliler of |)ublic opiniim he is foremost in the ranks of its modern Builders. Earnest and independent as a man, he voices the sentiments of his party without being partisan. His utterances have no uncertain sound, and they come from the honest con\-ictions of an honest heart, trained in the school of an honest ancestrj-. Edgar Williams, son of Leander and Emily Williams, was born in Orange and is a direct descend- ant of the first Matthew Williams, through Matthew (2), Gersham, Joseph, Zophar, Job, father of Leander. His great-grandfather, Joseph, served with the Essex County militia in the War of the Revolution. Mr. Williams' preparatory course of education was received in the public and private schools of his native city. Four years in the office of Blake & Freeman (one of leading law firms in the county) with ample facilities for acquiring a knowledge of the law, failed to awaken in him any desire to follow that profession. Later, while a student at Philip's E.xeter Academy, he was enabled to gratify his taste for journalism which he formed in early life. He became business manager of the Exonian, a school paper that was highly creditable to its projectors. Even in this limited sphere he showed his capacity for this kind of work. He did not carry out his plan of entering college, owing to circumstances over which he had no control. After he returned to his native city he decided to adopt journalism as a profession. Being a Reiniblican and a man of decided convictions, it was but natural that he should avail himself of the first opportunity for engaging in work of this character, and when he found the Journal was for sale he was not long in deciding to purchase. For a man without practical knowledge or experience other than that mentioned, his success has been marked. He had his own ideas of what a paper of this character should be, and, with due deference to his predecessors who had established the reputation of the Journal, he marked out a line for himself to which he has strictl)' adhered. "Principle, not policy," is his motto, and while working for the success of his party he has never hesitated to criticise its acts nor to condemn its individual members when occasion required. Th.it liis efforts to serve his party have been appreciated was shown at the sessions of the Legislature 224 The Fouxders and Bpii.ders of the Oranges. of 1894 5, wlien he was made Engrossing Clerk of the House, an office of great responsibilit}- and trust, the duties of which he discharged to the Legislature and by uniform courtesy won the approbation of all parties. In 1896 Mr. Williams was appointed to the corresponding office in the Senate where he added to the ^^^^^ good reputation made in the House. r^^^^^ Mr. Williams is in touch with every mo\'ement that tends to promote ^ ^^^g tlie moral, intellectual or physical development of his nati\e city. He is j^ /^ a member of the Orange Hoard of Trade, the New England Society, East -.^^jl Orange Republican Club, East Orange Improvement Society, Orange ^^^^^pk^ Athletic Club and Orange Council, Royal Arcanum. He is also a member ^^^^^^H|^^^^^ of the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, by virtue of his ^^^^^^^^^HH^ great-grandfather's service in the War of the Revolution, Dr. John Condit, ^^^^^^^^^^ who was surgeon of Col. Van Cortlandt's Battalion of Heard"s Brigade. Mr. Williams married Miss Gertrude A. Robinson, daughter of James Robin- son, of East Orange. His children are Revsis G., Edgar and Kathryn Smith. Eugene William Fakrell was born in South Orange. July 22, 1871. He is Business Manager of the Orange Journal and the South Orange Bid/itiii, both published by the EUGENE WELl.TAM FARKKI.I.. Orange Journal Publishing Co. Mr. and public schools of his native village. as ofifice boy in the office of the paper was owned by F. D. Crozier. the newspaper business, and while Orange correspondent for the New- left Mr. Crozier's employ to accept a Journal, and when Edgar Williams, the Bulletin. Mr. I'^arrcll was made Aside from his connection with the Mr. Farrell and Frank H. Jamison correspondents for the Oranges, in- and the New York Sun. Mr. P"arrell ternity in Essex Countj- and is Vice- F RAN K H A K K 1 SON J A M I SOX, city Farrell was educated in the parochial When he left school he went to work South Orange Bulletin when that Mr. Farrell soon showed his love for with the Bulletin he became South ark Daily Advertiser. Mr. Farrell position in the office of the Orange the editor of the Journal, bought Business Manager of both papers. Orange Journal Publishing Company, represent out-of town papers as their eluding the Newark Evening News FKANK HAKKISON JAMISON. is well known in the newspaper fra- Presidcnt of the Newark Press Club, editor of the Orange Journal, was born in Orange on December 20, 1S73, and for the past four \-ears has been connected with the Journal, serving as reporter for a year, then being made city editor. Mr Jamison has always been interested in newspaper work. When thirteen years of age he began contributing to the Newark Sunday Call from seaside resorts and served that paper as a suminer correspondent for five years. He was educated at the Orange High School, graduating in 1892. During the two last years of his course there he edited and published High School Life, founding the paper in 1891. With his graduation the paper discontinued publication. During the four years of his High School course he was employed at the Orange Post Office as clerk in the registry and money order departments. In addition to his work on the Journal Mr. Jamison con- ducts, in conjunction with Eugene W. Farrell, a successful newspaper corres- pondence bureau. Wn.LiAM J. Fitzgerald, the advertising manager of the Orange Journal and the South Orange Bulletin, was born in South Orange, on eptember 12, 1S71. He was educated m the Maplewood public school and in St. Mary's parochial school, South Or:inge. Mr. I-"itzgerald has only been in the newspaper Thk Founders and Hiii.ukks ok the Oranges. 225 business for three years, but during' that time he has made a jjood record as an advertising solicitor. He is a wide-awake and energetic young man. l?efore accepting a position with tlie Orange Journal Publishing Company. Mr. Fitzgerald did suburban work for the Newark Daily Advertiser. TllK Okange Record. The next to enter the field for journalistic honors was the Orange RecorJ, started in 1867 by Michael Purcell, a former employee of the Journal. Others had already conceived the idea of starting another paper, believing the time was ripe for such an enterprise, but Purcell, being on the spot, was the first to make the attempt. His means were limited and he had many obstacles to contend with, ami after a few ukmuIis' tri.d he sold his interest to Hugh P. Shields, a bright young Irishman, who had served in the war and accpiired some experience as a newspajier correspondent. He met with no better success, however, than his predecessor, and the Record c-x.^\xc<\ just before Christmas, in 1868. The Orange CllRONICl.t;. The death of tlie Raord \x\ its infancy did not discourage Mr. Frank \V. I5alchvin from making another attemj)! in this direction. He had watched the growth of his native town and was nearly read)- to begin operations when his rival unexpectedly came to tlie front. When at last the opportunity came for carrying out his cherished project, he hurried to his native town and purcjiased the plant of the Record, whicli had fallen into the hands of its creditors. Associated with him in the enterjirise was Mr. Joseph Atkinson. It was found that the plant of the Record co\x\<\ be purchased for $8co ; as the partners had but $200 each to invest, the balance remained on chattel mortgage. They began operations on January 19, 1869, in a little store on Main Street. The ensuing nine days were occupied in preparing for the first issue of the Orange Chronicle, and on Saturdaj-, January 27, the first edition made its appearance, having been printed on a Washington hand press. Four members of the craft connected with the Newark Journal axmc up and worked until midnight ivithout pay to aid their fellow-craftsmen in getting their paper out on time. One thousand copies were printed, but many of these were distributed free in order to introduce the paper, and it was not until the second or third issue that the bona fide circulation was established. Then the regular edition settled down to between 200 and 300, from which point it steadily increased. Mr. Isaac P. Baldwin, the father of Frank W.. rendered material aid to his son in soliciting and collecting. In September, 1869, Mr. Atkinson sold his interest to Joseph V>. Loomis, and in October, 1870, Frank W. Baldwin purcliased the latter's interest, since which time up to tlic date of incorporation, in 1892, he has been its sole owner. The Chronicle grew in favor and on July 23, 1870, it was enlarged from a seven column paper, 24 X 36 inches, to an eight column sheet, 27^ X4ii. A cylinder press was purchased, operated by man power, capable of printing one thousand impressions per hour. On October i, 1881, the Chronicle was enlarged to 28x42, and again on October 23, 1883, to 29x42. The size of the page was reduced on May 12, 1888, to 26x40, but two more pages were added, and subsequently two pages at once till the maximum normal issue has reached fourteen pages. Special holiday editions of sixteen pages and cover, handsomely illuminated, have been issued during the past five or si.x years, and on January 27, 1894 — the twenty-fifth anniversary of its first publication — the Chronicle appeared in one of the most beauti- fully illuminated covers ever issued fiom any suburban press. This edition contained a complete history of the enterprise from its inception to that time, including brief notices of the several members of the editorial staff who had been connected with it at various periods. The office and composing room were also included, and every one — from foreman to "devil" — was honorably mentioned. Among those wild h.ive contributed materially to its success are: Elbridge G. Dunnell. first city editor; Isaac P. Baldwin ; A. H. Ward, foreman ; Charles Starr, city editor (now editor and proprietor of the Fast Orange Gace/le); L. C. McChesney, city editor; Horace E. Kimball, and F. C. Shann. In April. 1889. the first bookbindery ever existing in Orange was established as a part of the Chronicle plant. The enterprise was an experiment, but has exceeded the anticiiiations of its proprietor and has received the hearty encouragement and support of the business community. As a family paper, 226 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. neutral in politics, the Chronicle has few equals and no superior in the State of New Jersey. Clean, bright, newsy and attractive, it is always a welcome visitor in the homes of the Oranges. Frank Wilfred Baldwin', the founder of the Orange Chronicle. A lineal descendant of one of the Founders of the Oranges, Mr. Baldwin has been one of the most successful Builders. In moulding public opinion, in promoting public enterprises and in educating the masses up to a higher standard of virtue and nioralit\-. he has rendered valuable service to the place of his birth. His line of descent is through Joseph Baldwin, of Milford, Conn., 1639, who by his first wife. Mannali . had Joseph, born 1640; Benjamin, born 1642; Hannah, born 1644; Mary, born 1645; Eliza, born 1646; Martha, born 1647; Jonathan, born 1649; David, born 1651, and Sarali, born 1653. Of these, Joseph, Benjamin and Jonathan are named among the Newark settlers. Jonathan Baldwin, son of Josepli and Hannah ( ) Baldwin, was born February 15, 1649; married, first, Hannah Ward; second. Thankful Strong. He died IJecembcr 13, 1730. He had a son, John. John Baldwin, son of Jonathan, was born May 22, 1683, dieil Jan 20, 1773. He had a son, Ezckicl. Ezekiel Baldwin, son of John, was born December 19, 17 19. He had a son, Caleb. Caleb Baldwin, son of Ezekiel, born October 21, 1757; married Lydia Johnson, and had eight children, of whom Isaac was the fifth. Isaac Baldwin, son of Caleb and L)-dia (Johnson) Haldwin. w.is Ijorn JuK" I, 1791 ; married Nancy Hopper. He had a son, Isaac Pres/on. Isaac Preston Baldwin, son of Isaac and Nancy 1 lloispcr) Haldwin, was born on Scotland Street, Orange, June 17, 1821 ; married Abby Dean, daughter of X'iner Dean. The second child of tiiis marriage was Frank Wilfred. Frank Wilfred Baldwin, second child of Isaac Preston and Abb\- (Dean) Baldw in, was born on the corner of Valley Road and Mount Pleasant A\-enue, Orange. June 26, 1846. Starting out in life at the early age of thirteen, with a fair knowledge of the elementary branches acquired at the public schools of his native town, he was soon able to support himself. He worked at odd jobs for the first three or four years, and in 1862 found cmplo_\-ment as clerk with a New ^'ork publishing firm. Ilea\ailed himself of this opportunity to acquire a knowledge of the details of other departments than that to which he was assigned, especially of the printing department, with which he became thoroughly familiar. In 1868 he obtained employment in the office of the Newark Daily Journal, and there received his journalistic training which was the foundation of his successful career as editor and I)ublislier of one of the best conducted weeklies in the State of New Jersey. He did not wait for ''something to turn up," but with true journalistic enterprise he was quick to "turn up" the first opportunity which presented itself, and, as has been told in the History of the Press of the Oranges, he got ih ahead of his competitor and secured the prize. But for his indomitable will, tenacity and stead- fastness of purpose, the prize might have slipped from his grasp, for he had little conception of the obstacles to be met and overcome. The ]ilant which he purchased of his predecessor was limited in quantity and poor in quality. His little cash capital was soon exhausted and with little or no credit, "a steady outgo for materials and wages, it was for a time up-hill work, and oftentimes so discouraging th.it thoughts of giving up the struggle often presented themselves." He helil on, howe\er, and his efforts were eventually crowned with success. The name selected for the paper was an indication of the character of its founder---a true and faithful chronicler of passing events. On January 27, 1894, he celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the Chronicle, and, without egotism, he could truly say, ''This is my monmnent." I'rom the beginning of his journalistic career his individuality has been stamped on every page of his journal and he has invariably pursued a straightforward, inde- pendent course, without fear or favor. His belief in the "brotherhood of man" has been exemplified in his treatment of his employees, some of whom have grown up with him from bojhood, and through his assistance and encouragement have not only accumulated property but have become "bright and shining lights" in the profession. TllK FoUNUKKS AND lUill.DKRS OF TIIK ORANGES. Witli journalism as a profession, the cultivation of his musical talents antl the promotion of musical organizations has been his pastime. He founded, in i«8i. the Oranyc Mendelssohn Union, comimsed of the best musical talent in the Oranges, and this has been one of the most successful organizations of its kind in this or any other suburban city or township in the State. Gifted by nature with a good tenor voice and a passionate love of music, Mr. Haldwin has availed himself of every opportunity for the cultivation of vocal and instrumental music from early childhood, and during this period he has enjoyed frequent intercourse with the musical celebrities of the day. His influence in the community in educating the people up to a high standard of musical attainment has been marked and positive. He has achieved distinction as a musical critic and is a performer on the violin and other stringed instruments. Of these he has a rare and valuable collection. Mr. Baldwin married, first, I'rances Eliza Love, daughter of Samuel G. Love, of Western New York, for many years superintendent of the schools of Jamestown, and one of the first to introduce maiui.ii tr.iiiiiii;^ in tlic i>ul)lic schools. F"our children were the issue of this marriage. The .second wife of Mr. Baldwin was Miss Harriet M. K. Cox, daughter of Thomas C. and Harriet E. Co.\, a descendant of an old New Jersey family. Mr. lialdwin has been for twenty-five years a member of the New Jersey Editorial Association and was its President in 1S91. He is also a member of the New England Society, of Orange. Leonard C. McChksnlv, Lit)- Editor. As the successor of Mr. Charles Starr, now the editor and proi)rietor of the East Orange Gazette, Mr. McChesney assumed charge of this local department of the Chronicle. Witii but a limited experience to fit him for the work he applied himself to the task with untiring inilustry, and rapidly developed an instinct for news. The news columns of the Chronicle and its continued growth in pui)lic favor are the best evidence of Mr. McChesney's fitness for the position. He is a man of good judgment as well as business capacity and is popular with the patrons of this journal. i\Ir. McChesney was born in Orange, November 7, 1859; educated at the public school; engaged in \arious business enterprises until June i, 18S2, when he began his connection with the Chronicle. His ancestor was one of the early settlers on the Northfield Road, West Orange. Horace E. Kimt.all lias just passed his first decade as a member of the Chronicle staff, his connection with the paper dating from iSS6. As a news gatherer he is wide-awake, earnest, industri- ous. He penetrates every nook and corner of the Oranges and nothing worthy of record escapes his notice. Mr. Kimball is the eldest child of Horace Kimball, M. D., — the first resident dentist of Orange — and Mary Davenport ( Fisher) Kimball, daughter of Re\ . Samuel Fisher. He was born in Clyde, Wayne County, N. Y , Sep- tember 18, i83_), while his parents were there on a visit. He was brought to Orange by his parents when he was five years of age. He attended the puplic school both here and in New York City, ir.„. ,,>.. .1.. ..r.-NEv. and later entered the Free Acad- emy — now the College of the City of New York. He left during his .sophomore year and engaged in business. Soon after the breaking out of the war he raised Company G, of the Fourth \. Y. Heavy HORACE E. KIMBALL, 228 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges Artillery, was commissioned First Lieutenant and served in the defense of Washington. He was afterwards transferred to Ullman's Brigade, was commissioned Captain and transferred to New Orleans. He participated in the siege of Port Hudson. He served on Gen. Burke's staff as assistant engineer, and constructed the seventeen gun battery on the left of the line. He returned to New York at the close of the war and engaged in business for a time on his own account and was afterwards editor of Brainard's Mnsicn/ World. He came to Orange in 1878 and in 1SS6 he joined the staff of the CItronitlc. The Orange Volkshote, which is printed in the German language, is devoted to the interests of the German-American residents of the Oranges. It is Democratic in politics and is a six column paper, issued weekly. It was established in 1872, by Darnstaedt & Erdman. In 1S76 August Erdman, the junior partner, purchased Mr. Darnstaedt's interest in the paper. Mr. Erdman continued as its editor and publisher till his death in 1890, when he was succeeded by his son, Charles Erdman. In 1892 Ernest Temme, a well-known Newark newspaper man, bought the Volksbotc and he is still its editor and i^roprietor. He is also city editor of one of the Newark German dailies. The Orange Sonntagsblatt, is another German paper published on Sundays. It was established in 1883 by August Koehler, its present editor and proprietor. It is democratic in politics. PUBLIC LIBRARIES. The first movement to establish a [lublic library in Orange was about 1820 and was for many years under the care of Giles Mandeville. It was known as the Orange Library. It comprised a small collection of books which belonged to the stockholders and from which the people of the town were permitted to draw for a trifling sum. This library was useful in its day and many of the young men of that day derived great benefit from it. The Orange Lyceum was formed in 1832 " for mutual improvement in knowledge and literature." The weekly exercises consisted of " lectures, debates, recitations in some useful branch of science, letter writing and composition, public reading and declamation." The books, of which there was quite an interesting collection, were kept at Albert Pierson's school room, where the Ljxeum at first held its meetings. Mr. Pierson, who was then conducting a classical school in Orange, was its first President. The meetings were subsequently held in tiie lecture room of the First Church, and finally at Willow Hall. A charter was obtained in 1842. This institution held an important place in the comniunit}- for a quarter of a century or more and the business men of Orange, \\\\o gave it their hearty support, derived great benefit from it. As the population increased new ideas took the place of the old, and the people lost interest in the old methods in which public debates and declamations formed an important feature. A new^ impetus was given to this means of education in 1858 b)' the organization of the Library Association, which proved more successful than its predecessors. It occupied rooms over Bailey & Everitt's building and besides a library of some 1,500 volumes, was provided with a reading room containing the popular monthlies, also the weekly and daily papers. These rooms were under the care of Charles Warburton Brown, the librarian, and were open to the public every evening except Sunday, and on Saturday afternoons. Two annual courses of popular lectures were given by the Association which added materially to its finances and justified a further expenditure for books. Okange Free Lhjrarv. The previous efforts to establish a free library in Orange did not meet with permanent success. They were under the management of gentlemen who, although interested in the matter, were not able to give to it the necessary time and attention. The (grange Free Library, which was established in 1883, has been at all times under the control of a few de\otcd, enterprising women, who have given much time and attention to the work. Shakspeare says: " Where there's a woman in the case, All other things give place." and where there are several enthusiastic women in the case, obstacles disappear and "all other things give place." This movement was started by Miss Sarah Martin, in the autumn of 1883. She soon The Founders and Ruiuders of the Oranges. 229 interested otlicr ladies in the work and on December 7, 1883, a small room was rented on the second floor of Cleveland Hall, with a nucleus of 169 volumes. An association of ladies was organized and a charter obtained December 30, 1884. Article II of the Constitution states that "the object of this Association shall be to provide a Circulating Library of well selected books for the use of the inhabitants of the city of Orange and of the townships of East. West and South Orange" Donations of books and money were made and soon an interest was awakened in the new project and larger quarters were necessary. On November i, 1886, a room was rented on the ground floor of the Riding Academy building. The following year it was moved to a small building opposite, which has since been torn down. Liberal contributions were made from time to time and in 1891 the society purchased tlic property on Main Street, between Essex Avenue and Cone Street, which consists of one-half of a large frame buikling, including the land in the front and rear. It has now a fine reading room provided with all the latest periodicals and over 8,000 volumes of well-selected books. While all classes have availed themselves of its benefits, it has been patronized mostly by those who liad no other means of improving their leisure hours in reading and study, and to them it has proved a great blessing. It is noteworthy that this class of people select the best standard works, r.itlier than works of fiction, and they are the chief patrons of the reading room. The movement was started by and has continued under the management of a few enterprising ladies. It began with a board of twelve trustees, divided into three classes, one of the three classes being elected annually. The first Board of Officers (1884) consisted of: President, Miss Sarah Martin: Vice-President, Mrs. John L. Rlake ; Treasurer, Mrs. James S. Cox ; Secretary, Miss Adele Witmore. For 1S85, the same President and Vice-President; Treasurer, Mrs. J. F. Dennis; Secretary, Mrs. E. H. Stephenson. P'or 1886, the same President and Vice-President; Treasurer, Mrs. James O. Watson, who has continued to hold the position from that time down to the present (1896); Secretary, Miss Margaret H. Pierson ; 1887, same officers re-elected, with the exception of the Secretary-, Mrs. Frank H. Scott, succeeding Miss Pierson ; 1888, President, Miss Sarah Martin ; Vice President, Mrs. James S. Co.x was elected to succeed Mrs. Blake, deceased; no other changes; 1889, Miss Martin resigned the Presidency and Mrs. James S. Cox succeeded her as President; Vice-President, Mrs. T. F. Taylor: Secretarj', Mrs. George P. Kingsley ; 1890, same officers re-elected; 1891, President, Mrs. Thomas T.Taylor; \'ice- President. Mrs. John O. Heaki; same Treasurer and Secretary; 1892, President, Mrs. George P. Kingsley; Vice-President, Mrs. John O. Heald; Secretary, Mrs. Amos C. Van Gaasbeck ; 1893, same officers re-electetl ; 1894, Mrs. A. C. V^an Gaasbeck was elected President to succeed Mrs. Kingsley, deceased; Vice-President, Mrs. John O. Heald; Secretary Mrs. Alfred B.Jenkins; 1895, same officers re-elected, except the Secretary, Miss Nellie Kingman succeeding Mrs. Jenkins; 1896, Mrs. Van Gaasbeck resigned as President and was succeeded bj- Mrs. John O. Heald ; Vice-President, Mrs. Frank H. Scott; Treasurer, Mrs. James O. Watson; Secretary, Miss Nellie Kingman. An Advisory Board of well-known gentlemen has rendered material assistance to these ladies in their work. The library is supported mainly by voluntary contributions and the income from associate members. The latter pay ^^5 each per annum and now number 130. The annual report for 1895 shows the income from this source, $650; rent of rooms in building, S120; proceeds of the "Woman's Edition of the Orange ChronkU" $2,187.70; donations, subscriptions, fines, entertaiment, sale of old books and pa])ers. S762.15; making a total income of $3,719.85. A mo\'ement was started in 1889 by George Richards, Esq., to raise a permanent fund for the use of the library. Among the largest contributors to this fund were L. H. Blakeman, A. B. Jenkins, Mr. and Mrs. George Richards, J. O. Watson, Mr. and Mrs. T. F. Taylor, Mr. and Mrs E. D. Page, Marshall Shepard, Samuel Colgate, Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Heald, Mr. and Mrs. Frank H. Scott, J. N. Robins, Henry Graves, R. D. Douglass, Mrs. J. S. Cox. H. H. Freeman. Mr. and Mrs. George P. Kingsley. Mrs. A. T. E. Kirtland, Mr. and Mrs. William Runckle. Mr. and Mrs. M. B. Metcalf, Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Van Gaasbeck. The Secretary's report for 1895 contained the following reference to one of the most valued friends the library has ever had: '• In the early fall the library met with a sad loss in the death of one of the 230 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Advisory Board. Mr. James O. Watson. Ever the true friend and valued advisor of the library. Ins death revealed a beneficence which showed how justly he esteemed the world of literature as a potent factor in human development." In his will Mr. Watson bequeathed §35,000 to the library, in addition to his own private library, one of the finest in the country. The amount bequeathed and the valuable collection of books are available only after the death of Mrs. Watson. The latter has not only proved a true friend, but one of the most indefatigable workers the library has ever had. The annual report for 1895 shows a total of 7,905 volumes, 1,355 of which were added during that year. A total of 34,871 books were borrowed in 1895, as against 31,210 the year previous. The two men who are deserving of special notice in connection with this enterprise arc J. O. Wat>on and George Richards. New England Society, of Orange. This society held its twenty-fifth anniversary on May 15. 1895, at which time Mr. Wendell Phillips Garrison read a paper entitled "The Birth of the New England Society." From this paper, subsequently published by the society, the principal facts concern- ing its history are taken. The organization of the society grew out of a suggestion or wish made by tiie late Rev. Dr. George B. Bacon, at that time pastor of the Orange \'alley Congregational Church, to Mr. Garrison in the latter part of 1869 or early part of 1870. The initiati\e steps were taken by Mr. Bacon, who noted a significant omen in the fact that the year 1870 coincided with the 250th anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrim P'athers. On the evening of March 31, 1870, twelve gentlemen representing all the Oranges, met by invitation at the house of Mr. Oliver S. Carter, No. 83 Main Street, Orange. Of this number seven were natives of Massachussetts (including a descendant of the Mayflower), two of Maine, two of Connecticut, and one of Vermont. They were: Rev. George B. Bacon, Oliver S. Carter, Gardner R. Colby, Davis Collamore, Daniel A. Heald, Frederick Lyman. Lowell Mason, Jr., Thomas B. Merrick, David N. Ropes, Benjamin F. Small, VVilli.im F. Stearns and Wendell P. Garrison. On the twenty-fifth anniversary of the event there were onl\- four survivors, and but three were still residing in the Oranges. Lowell Mason, Jr., was appointed chairman and Wendell P. Garrison, secretary. Dr. Bacon stated that the object of the proposed organization was "to give currency and effect to those principles which we owe to the founders of New England, and to prove a permanent source of public spirit in Orange." Mr. ^L1son, referring to the example of Stockbridge, saw a field of usefulness in village improvements. Mr. Colby emphasized the need of a public library and hall. Mr. Stearns would operate for the betterment of the public schools and against the degrading political tendencies of the day. Mr. Collamore looked to a general re\ival of interest in local affairs. All this and much more has been accomplished by the society during the first quarter of a century of its existence. It was agreed that the aiins of the society should be: i. Commemorative; 2. Practical, as striving to reproduce the virtues of the forefathers, together \\ ith their ideas ami ])rincii)les, ami to foster and stimulate public spirit in the private citizen. A committee consisting of Messrs. Heald, Carter, Bacon, Stearns Mason, and Garrison was appointed to frame a constitution. As a basis it had the constitution of New England Society, of New York, but owing to the mixed population of the Oranges, which has its representatives from every part of the country and even Europe, it became necessary to enlarge the scope and conditions of member- ship so as to embrace all who were willing to aid in promoting its objects, and instead of limiting the membership to a " nati\'c or the son of a native of any of the New England States," they ailded, "any other person who may sympathize with the objects of the society." These objects were declared to be " to commemorate and foster the virtues of tlie P'athcrs of Nev.' England and to cultivate social relations among its members." This mi.xed membership added much to the real growth and prosperit\- of the societj-, and those who were not "to the manor born" were quite as enthusiastic in carrying out its objects as any of the descendants of the " three brothers" of New England or the unlimited number of descendants of the "blessed company" of the Majflower. One of the first steps taken by the society was to appoint a Public Welfare Committee whose duties were defined as follows: "It shall be the duty of the The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 231 Committee of Public Welfare to examine such questions of general public interest as may from time to time arise. If, in their judgment, these questions are of sufficient importance to warrant their presenta- tion to the society, the committee shall so submit them, with their opinions or recommendations, for such action as the members may determine. All matters tending to promote the welfare and growth of this community, to ensure good citizenship and to guard against the encroachments of evil-minded, selfish or ambitious persons in the government or management of public affairs, shall be considered questions of general public interest." "The Public Welfare Committee," says the writer, "put us immediately in touch with all the Oranges and gave us a most effective instrument for making and guarding public opinion on all public ipiestions. There was never any prohibition in our constitution or by-laws against the discussion of politics and religious doctrine, but as a matter of fact, partisanship and sectarianism have been strictly excluded, and 1 rate it one of the greatest services whicli the society has rendered, that it has embraced men of all creeds and party attachments without inquiring how they voted or what church they attended." Almost every public improvement and public reform inaugurated during the past twenty- five years has cither been initiated by or received the hearty support of this society. The splendid water system, the fire tlepartment, police department and other important movements connected with the municipal affairs have each in their turn been taken up by this society. The writer says further : "You will find the burning questions of tlie i)rcsent moment — consolidation of the Oranges and reform of the D. L. & W. Railroad — launched in the October and December meetings of our initial year. This hall in which we are assembled (Music Hall) and which is the enduring monument of our brother- member, Mr. Everitt Frazar, above all others, is distinctly the creation of the New England Society and the New England spirit. .So is the Free Library — I regret that we cannot yet call it the Public Library — as a city institution. Our own library and reading room are among the civilizing influences of the town. We early made a substantial contribution to the books of reference of the High School. W'c lia\e fostered lectures to a \ery large extent. We have published a history of Orange (Wickes' History of the Oranges). We have given liberally to public charity. It is needless to speak of the society's recent part in municipal affairs, never so vigorous or so effective, though in the midst of a declining membership." The following persons have served as ofificers of the society: Presidents. — Lowell Mason, Jr., 1870-71; Daniel A. Heald, 1872-73; David N. Ropes, 1874-75-76; Henry A. Howe, 1877; Gardner R.Colby, 1878-79; Everitt Frazar, 1880-81; Frank F. Ellenwood, 1882-83; Henry Graves, 1884-85; William A. lirewer, Jr., 1886-S7 : James C. Bayles, 1888-89 ; James S. Cox, 1890-91 ; Henry Hitch, 1892; John O. Heald, 1893-94; William R. Howe, 1895; Isaac E. Gates, 1896. Vice-Presidents. — Daniel A. Heald, 1870-71-75 to 1883; Oliver S.Carter, 1870-71-74-79-80; Lowell Mason, Jr., 1872; George B. Bacon, 1872 to 1876 inclusive; David N. Ropes, 1873-81-82; Gardner R. Colby, 1877; Henry A. Page, 1878; Lewis B. Henry, 1883; William A. Brewer, Jr., 1884-85 ; Robert H. Atwater, 1884 85-86; James C. Bayles, 1886-87; James S. Cox, 18S7-88-89; Edward D. Ouimby, 188S; Henry F. Hitch, 1889-90- 91 ; John O. Heald, 1890-91 ; William R. Howe, 1892-93-94; Charles H. Mann, 1893-94-95; Isaac E. Gates, 1S95. Counsellors.— Gardner R.Colby, 1870-71-72-74-75-76-80 ; David N. Ropes, 1S70-71-72- 77-78-79 80-83-84-85; William F. Stearns, 1870 to 1874; Benjamin F. Metcalf, 1S70; William A. Brewer, Jr., I070-71 ; Benjamin Shepard, 1870-71 ; William Pierson, Jr., 1871 ; Oliver S. Carter, Jr., 1872-73-76-77-78-81-82-83-^4; John G. Vose, 1872-73-74; Davis CoUamore, 1872-73-75-76-77-78; Lowell Mason, Jr., 1873 to 1884; Henry A. Howe, 1873-74-75-76-78-79-80; Daniel A. Heald, 1874; Charles J. Martin, 1874; William -A. Brewer, Sr., 1875 to 1882; George W. Lord, 1875; Henry A. Page, 1875 77-79-80-81 ; Samuel Colgate, 1879 to 1885; Frederick M. Shepard, 1881-86-87 ; Everitt Frazar, 1882 to 1890-95; Edward E. Ouimby, 1882-83-S4; James S. Cox, 1882; James C. Bayles, 18S4-85 ; Frank II. Scott, 1885; William R. Howe, 1S85; Horace W. Fowler, 1885; Henry Graves, I.N86-87; John D. Cutter, 1886-87; Henry M. Oddie, 1886-87; Charles J. Prescott, 1886; George Gray, 1887-88; George H. Brewer, 18S8; John O. Heald, 1888-S9; Robert Ward, 1888; Jacob L. Halscy, 1888-89; >32 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. William F. Allen, 1889 to 1896; Marshall Shepard. 1889; Bleecker Von Wagenen, 188910 1896; Henry B. Auchincloss, 1890; Aaron Carter, 1890; Joseph O.Ward 1890 to 1894; James S. Baker, 189010 1895 ; Usher W. Cutts, 189 1 to 1S96; Isaac E. Gates, 1893-94; Francis R. Upton, 1895. Treasurers. — Frederic Lyman, 1870-71-72; William A. Brewer, 1873 to 1884; Henry B. Starbuck, 18S4 to 1896. Recording Secretaries. — Wendell P. Garrison, 1870 to 1880; William R. Howe, 1881-82-83; Henry B. Thomas, 1884-85; Edwin S. Hathaway, 1886; Edward Corning, 1887; ])avid A. Kennedy, 1888; Camillus G. Kidder, 1889-90; Charles A. Mead, 1891-92; Charles A. Lindsley, 1893 to 1896. Corres- ponding Secretary. — Wendell P. Garrison, 18S1 to 1896. Music Hall. With the rapid growth of the city of Orange it was not until 1880 that it was provided with a suitable hall for public entertainments. The want of it was felt more than ten years previous and the first efforts in this direction were made by the New England Society. On June 13, 1872, Mr. Ropes, on behalf of the Committee of Public Welfare, introduced the following resolution, viz.: "That the speedy erection of a first-class building embracing a large hall for musical and other entertainments, and smaller rooms for the use of various societies, is a public necessity." At a subsequent meeting a committee was appointed to confer with the representatives of "all the other townships, to digest a plan of operations for subsequent presentation to the public." Plans were submitted and public meetings were held but subscriptions could not be obtained, and in 1874 the New England Society was compelled to abandon its annual dinner for want of a suitable hall. In February, 1878, Mr. Samnel Colgate sent out a private circular setting forth the necessity of a public hall and suggesting a plan for the organization of a stock company. Nearly $10,000 was subscribed; the amount, however, was not sufficient to carry out the undertaking. The New England Societ)' con- tinued to agitate the matter and a subscription list was opened in May, 1879, ''"'J before the close of the month nearly §30,000 of the $40,000 proposed was raised and a lot 140 x 60 feet was purchased on the corner of Main and Day Streets. A company was organized, known as the "Orange Music Hall Association; the capital stock was fixed at $45,000 and in June, 1879, the amount of subscriptions was increased to $45,250. At a meeting of the shareholders of the Orange Music Hall Association held on the i6th of June, 1879. the following board of offi- cers were elected : President, Samuel Colgate ; Vice-President, Everitt Frazar; Secretary, George P. Kingslej' ; Treasurer, Thomas Root; Directors, Edu^ard Austin, Oliver S. Carter, Everitt Frazar, John Gill, D. A. Heald, George Lindsley, Lowell Mason, Edwin C. Burt, Samuel Colgate, H. Folsom, H. Graves, Henry A. Howe, Charles J. Martin. The Building Committee was composed of E\critt Frazar, chairman, Edward Austin, E. C. Burt, George Lindsley and D. A. Heald. The architects were Silliman & Farnsworth. The building was commenced on the 14th of August, 1879, and was formerly opened on March 4, 1880. The cost of the lot was I 5,000 and that of the building $36,000, making a total of §51,000. In October, 1879, the New England Society voted to take $1,000 of the stock and soon after this the balance of the $50,000 was subscribed. The opening, which took place on the 4th of March, 1880, was one of the grandest affairs ever held in the Oranges. On this occasion Mr. Everitt Frazar, to whose indefatigable efforts the success of the enterprise was largely due, read a "Report of the Origin and Formation of the Orange Music Hall,'" recounting the history of the movement from its inception in 1870 at the residence of Mr. Oliver S. Carter, down to March, 1880. The building .was beautifully trimmed and decorated with flowers, MUSIC HALL. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 233 lilooiiiiii;^ .mil tnipicul plants, which occupied every available position in the building. A fine musical entertainment was given by Grafulla's Seventh Regiment band, from New York City, under the leader- ship of C. S GrafuUa. Tiie l)uildin•,^ of an eclectic style of architecture, is of brick, the street fronts being of pressed Trenton brick trimmed with black brick and terra cotta. It is three stories in height and is surmounted with a Gothic roof of slate, with two decks. It has a frontage of 60 feet on Main Street and a depth of 160 feet on Day Street. The Main Street front is divided into three bays, and the main entrance is in the middle bay. The entrance is twelve feet wide and is enclosed with massive double oak doors which swing both ways. It is flanked on either side by granite columns with carved caps, and directly above it are the words " Music Hall." In an arch above the middle window is the sign of the New England Society which is worked into the brick, and below the thiid stoiy window is the date 1880. The first floor is divided into stores, the fronts of which are of iron and plate glass. There are two stores on Main Street, each twenty feet front. Across the rear of the building and opening on Day Street, is a hallway eight feet wide, opening into which, on the first floor, are dressing rooms and from which, at either end, are stairways leading to the stage and furnishing emer"tncv e.xits from the main floor and balcony of the hail. On the second floor in the front of the building are two handsome rooms, 20 .x 30 feet, with a connecting lobby about 20 .\ 10 feet, over the main stairway, occupied b)' the New England Society. The west room is furnished in black walnut, trimmed with polished French walnut, and the east room is furnished in red oak, trimmed with polished birds eye maple. Over the New England Society's rooms, on the third floor, is a fine assembly room, 30 x 54 feet, suitable for lectures and entertainments not requiring the large hall. The hall itself is entered from the second Hoor. the entrances being about on a level with the stage floor. The floor is divided into a parquet and dress circle, and there is a descent from the entrance to the stage, steeped in the dress circle. The internal dimensions of the hall are 61 x 57 feet, and the seating capacity downstairs is about 600, while the balcony will seat about 400 more. The line of the dress circle is directly beneath the balcony line. From the centre of the ceiling rises a dome, from which is suspended a beautiful chandelier. The dome is octagonal with a large cove, above which is vertical panelled work. The upper or flat panels are tinted blue, on which are represented Painting, Sculpture, Music and the Drama. The busts of Shakspeare, Dante, Chopin and Wagner are painted in the centre of four panels ; the alternate panels have vases supported by dolphins treated convention- ally, the whole being brilliant with gorgeous coloring and gold. The stage is 28 feet 4 inches deep and extends across the wliole width of the building;. This is provided witii all the must improved theatrical apparatus. Musical Societies. — Orange Mendelssohn Union. An article which appeared in the Orange Chronicle under date of December 20, 1890, written by its editor, Mr. Haldwin, whose reputation as a musical critic as well as an accomplished musician, shows that the people of Orange ha\e not only a high appreciation of music but that for more than three-quarters of a century it has had its musical organizations and these have been su[)plied with musical talent far abo\'e most towns of its size in the United States. The Chronicle says: "Orange has e\er been looked upon as a musical community. In the palmy days of the Hutchinson family and in the days when negro minstreUy first appealed to the public for recognition, the people of Orange turned out in crowds as large as the halls would iiold, and when the new population came its character remained unchanged, except that it promptly encouraged what has been regarded as a higher grade of music, namely, the grand orchestra, tlie string quartet, operatic singing and oratario. "The first regular musical society in Orange was the Handel and Haydn Society, organized in the thirties. It consisted of about a dozen ladies and twice the number of men, it being the outgrowth of a singing school. They gave "publics" once a month ; they were modest and silent affairs. They sang selections from Haydn, Mozart and other classical composers. Among the most talented singers of that day was Philip Ward, who possessed a pure tenor voice of remarkable range and sweetness. 234 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. This societj' continued for about ten years ami was succeeded by tiie Orange Quartet, wliicli held a prominent place for a number of years Interest in vocal music seemed to languisli for the best part of a generation after the wind-up of the Haydn Society, somewhere in the forties, when a new element came into the field, chiefly composed of the new comers into the place, Orange having b\- that time s[)rang into popularity as a place of residence for men doing business in New York City, and it was not until about the early years of the Civil War that it was again awakened. A society was organized in 1S62 known as the Choral Union. It had among its members Mrs. Abby Patton, W(V Hutchinson, the sweet singer of the famous Hutchinson family, and Ludlow Patton, her husband, for many years the manager of this company, Lowell RLison and his son. Dr. William Mason, and other celebrities. William H. Sage, a talented local musician, was secured as leader. Among the prominent lady members were: Miss Mary E. McCoy, Miss Emily Taylor, Miss Frances Taylor, Miss Lydia P. James, Miss Adella Harrison, Miss Martha Ouimby, Miss Dora Rogers, Miss Lizzie Simmons, Mrs. E. E. Quimby, Mrs. J. A. Minott and Mrs. David Felty. The work of the Union was chiefly in the lighter selections from the masses, principal choruses from oratarios, now and then an operatic chorus, and something occasionally from the works of Handel and Haydn and others of the old standard writers. The Choral Union came to an end in June, 1870, chiefly on account of the withdrawal of the leading singers who left to join the Orange Vocal Society, then about being organized to take up a different class of music. During its second season they had the assistance of Miss Emma Thursb)-, William Mason, J. R. Thomas, Frederic Bergner, George E. Aiken, Matilda Toedt and other popular artists of the day. " The Orange Vocal Society was formed in the fall of 1869, wiih James A. Johnson as conductor, for the purpose of taking up glees, madrigals, etc. Its meetings weie held in High School Hall and its work was of a high grade. The chorus was small in numbers but the voices were carefully selected, and under Mr. Jcihiison the work done was mar\'cllously accurate and such as to win only the highest encomiums and praise. Nearly a decade elapsed between the time of the winding up of the Orange Vocal Society and the setting on foot of the most successful vocal organization of Orange." The Orange Mendelssohn Union was organized in i88r. Tiie men who were chiefly instrumental in starting it were Philip Ward, Frank W. Baldwin, D. H. McCoy, L. D. Harrison and T. J. Smith. The first meeting was held in Upper Music Hall, October 3, 1881. Henry Folsom was elected the first President and served for two years. Frank W. Baldwin was its first Secretary. Forty-two applications were filed for membership of the chorus, which was increased to si.xty-three when the first rehearsal was held on October 17. Membership fees of $, for gentlemen and S--5o for ladies were established, with $8 for associate membership, wliich included gentleman and lady. The first public rehearsal was held on November 26, when the Misses Root, daughters of George F. Root, the celebrated composer, sung duets. Four public rehearsals were given the first .reason. Grand orchestra was introduced the second seas )n, when Von Weber's melodrama, " Preciosa," was given. At the second concert Mendelssohn's Forty-second Psalm — "As Pants the llait" — was produced, and at the fourth concert, Gade's "Crusad- ers" was the chief work. In the fall of 1885 '^ became necessary to reorganize the society on a new basis, the previous [jlan of giving concerts and charging admission having been found too precarious to dei)end upon. It was therefore decidetl to adopt tlie subsciiplinn plan and sell no tickets at the door. The associate membership fee was fi.xed at $10, which has since been raised to $15. Mr. John O. Heakl was elected the first President and has remained continuously in that position since its reorganization, antl to his energy and devotion, seconded by Mr. F. W. H.iKlwin, Albert E. Schoch, I"". G. Handel, I). Axford V'anliorne and the late Charles Hall, the success of the .Mendelssohn Union is largely due. Reinhold L. Herman was the first conductor, continuing until 1887, and was succeeded by Frank \'an der Stucken, who remained one year, when Arthur Mees took the leadership. As an indication, in a measure, of the character of the work accomplished b\- the Mendelssohn Union, it may be mentioned that its library catalogue embraces over 150 titles, a few of those most prominent being: ".Messiah," Handel; " Creatiot)," Haydn: "St. Paul," " Lorely," "i!4th Psalm," "As Pants the Hart," b\- Mendelssohn ; " Re([uiem," Verdi ; "Requiem," Mozart: " Stabat Mater," THii Founders and Bciidkrs ok the Okanges. = J3 Rossini, ;iiul " Prcciosa," Von Weber. The present officers of the society are: President, John O. Heald; N'in-President, D. A. V'anhornc; Secretary, Spencer S. Marsh; Treasurer, Kdward L. Kellogy: Librarian, Alfred C. Bode. Tiio Music Committee is composed of A. E. Schoch, V. G. Handel, Frank W. Baldwin, John Gill. W. J. Hall. The Advisory Committee, representing Orange. East, West and South Orange, is as follows: Edward W. Ashley. William Barr. Carl E. Billqvist, W. A. Brewer, Oliver S. Carter, George T. Dixon, G. W. Fortmeyer, William M. Franklin, Louis U. Gallison, Thomas Keck, Samuel Lcc, Dr. William Mason, R. P. McDougall. William G. M..hr, James C. Pettit, Edward E. Quimhy, James E. Reynolds, Charles S. Root, Dr. I. L. Seward. Albert D. Smith, Charles A. Sterling, D. S. Walton. CHAPTER XVr. BENEVOLENT AND CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS, LODGES, CLUBS, ETC. OKANCiE ORPHAN SOCIETY; MK.MiiKIAL HOSPITAL: TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES; HOUSE OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD; BUREAU OF ASSOCIATED CHARITIES; MASONIC AND ODD FELLOWS LODGES; TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATU)NS; BENEFICIARY SOCIETIES; UZAL DODD POST, G. A. R.; WOMAN'S CLUB; ORANGE CLUB; ORANGE ATHLETIC CLUB; RIDING AND DRIVING CLUB; COUN IRY CLUB, ETC. ^I-IANGE Orphan Socimv. The first meeting for the organization of this society was held at the house of Mrs. Kingsley, on Day Street, December ii, 1854. By request, Mrs. Theron Baldwin acted as President. The following persons were elected a Board of Managers: Mrs. Samuel Hurlburt, Mrs. S. W. Hillyer, Mrs. J. D. Lindsiey, Mrs. Dr. Habbilt, Mrs. Stephen Condit, Mrs. William Bodwell, Mrs. C. Shepard, Mrs. Stephen Peck, Mrs. Marcus Wilbur, Mrs. Moses Reynolds, Mrs. P. J. Bodwell, Mrs. Cheveral Condit, Mrs. Owen Ross, Mrs. Frederick Reimer, Mrs. Stephen Dodd, Miss Eliza Hillyer, Miss Margaret Williams, Miss Phehe Harrison and Miss Eliza Babbitt. Within the first month after the organization of the society two orphans were sent from Orange to the Newark Orjihan Asylum and pro\isions were made for their support until other arrangements could be made. This plan was continued for some ten years or more before the society acquired any property. At a meeting held in February, 1865, it was decided to make an effort to obtain a lot in Orange on which to erect a suitable building. In 1868 Mr. Caleb Baldwin deeded the plot of ground on Harrison Street on which the asylum stands, to the Orange Orphan Society, upon condition that a building should be erected thereon within three years, a failure to comply with which would be a forfeiture of the gift. Three years previous to this, at a meeting held April 13, 1S65, in anticipation of receiving a building site, the following gentlemen were elected a Board of Trustees : Dr. Wil- liam Pierson, Jr., Messrs. Thomas, Steele, Stickler, O'Neil and Samuel Colgate. In January, 1868, Mrs. Samuel Colgate and Mrs. David N. Ropes were appointed a committee to solicit subscriptions, and Messrs. Stickler and Colgate were ap- pointed a Building Committee. Through the efforts of the above-mentioned and other ladies a sufficient sum was raised to begin operations and comply with the provisions named in the deed of gift of the land. The fifteenth annual meeting of the society was held at the North Baptist Church, in Orange, on OKANUK ORPHAN S HOMK. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 237 October 14, 1869, attendeil by seventy-five persons. Tlic report showed that the society had at that time in charge seventeen orphans. Si.xty four orjjhans liad been cared for by the society during tlic fifteen years of its existence \\\) to tli.it time. The ladies of the society resorted to various means to raise the necessary funds to carry forward the work, and through fairs and other entertainments tliey rai.sed nearly the whole cost of the building, amounting to over §26,000. On the 12th of January, 1871, the building was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies. The building is of brick, three stories high, Mansard roof, surmounted by a cupola; the trimmings are of I'hiladelpiiia brick. The society was incorporated by act of the Legislature in 1869, under the name of The Orange Ori)iian Society, tiic object of which is the "care, support and instruction of orphans and friendless children and training thein to habits of industry, etc." Sections I and 7 are as follows: " I . Be it enacted by the Seimle and Genera/ Assembly of the State of New Jersey, That M rs. M arcus Wilbur, Mrs. Samuel Colgate, Mrs. Theron 15aldwin, Mrs Alexander H. Freeman, Mrs. Hoyce, Mrs. Daniel F. Colic, Mrs. 11. I'. Fessenden, Mrs. Jared Kirtland, Mrs. Moses Reynolds, Mrs. Hethuel Harrison, Mrs. Philander J. Hodwell, Mrs. Cheveral Condit, Mrs. David O'Neill, Mrs. Aaron Carter, Jr., Miss Caroline Baldwin, Miss I'hcbc J. Mulford, Miss Maria Harrison, Miss Riioda Harrison, Miss Jane F. Hillyerand Miss Martha Mar\in, and all such persons as now are or may be hereafter associated with them and their successors, shall be antl they are hereby constituted a body politic aiul corporate in fact, name and law, by the name of ' The Orange Orphan Society,' etc." Section 7 proviiles "That it shall be the duty of said Board of Trustees (referred to in Section 6) to appoint annually an Advisory Committee of five gentlemen who shall be consulted b)- said board in reference to all matters of importance touching the property affairs of said corporation, and that tlie following-named persons shall constitute the first Advisory Committee, viz.: D. N. Ropes, Joseph Stickler, William Pierson, Jr., Henry N. Beach and Henry P. Fessenden." There is no institution in which tlie people of the Oranges take a deeper interest than in the Orphan's Home, and as the population has increased the inmates of the Home have increased in proportion. The records show that about five hundred children have been under the care of the society since it took possession of the Harrison Street Home. The names of the se\eral ladies who have filled the various offices of this institution since its organization are as follows: First Directors or Presidents. — Mrs. Samuel L. Hurlbut. 1854 to 1859; Mrs. Theron Baldwin, 1859 to 1871 ; Mrs. Samuel Colgate, 1871 to 1891 ; Mrs. James S. Clark, 1892 to 1895; Mrs. A. O. Field, still in office. Second Directors or Vice-Presidents.— Mrs. Marcus Wilbur, 1854 to 1S65 ; Mrs. Samuel Colgate, 1865 to 1S71 ; Mrs. Albert Mann, 1871 to 1886; Miss A. H. Root, Mrs. J. S. Clark, Mrs. C. B. Vardley, 1890. Secretary.— Mr.s. Theron Balduin, 1S54 to 1859; ^^'^^^ Martha Marvin, 1859 to 1867: Mrs. J. Sheldon, 1867 to 1868; Miss N. E. Means, 1868 to 1885 ; ^I'ss Anna Lowrie, 1885, still in office. Treasurer.— Mrs. Moses Reynolds. 1854 to 1866; Miss Phebe Mulford, 1S66 to 1S67 ; Mrs. A. H. Freeman. 1867 to 1869; Mrs. J. L. Blake, 186910 1876: Mrs. P. M. Myers, 187610 1877; Miss R. F. Morse, 1^77 to iSSi ; Mrs. William Pierson, 1881 to 1886; Mrs. L. S. Baker, 1886, still in ofifice. Memorial Hostital and Tr.mning School for Nurses. Probably no institution ever estab- lished in the Oranges has been more heartily appreciated or met with a more generous support than the above named. The need of such an institution was felt and the subject discussed early in the sixties. In 1861 Mrs A. T. E. Kirthnul offered to defray the expenses and establi.sh a dispensary if a suitable place could be obtained. As there was no place available for such a purpose the generous offer of Mrs. Kirtland could not be accepted and the scheme died out. Early in 1S63, Messrs. William Hegeman, the druggist, of New York, Jabez H. Hazard, of West Orange, and William A. Gellatly, of Schieffelin & Co., New York, offered to stock a dispensary with drugs and all other necessaries if a proper room could be obtained, and the physicians of Orange would give the necessary attendance. Peter Gerbert offered a room for the use of the dispensary in the upper story of the building adjoining his bakerv, and Drs. L. M. Crane, F. D. Bennett, William Pierson, Jr., and Stephen Wickes pledged 238 THii Founders and Builders of the Oranges their services. Arrangements were quickly made and on January 26, 1863, the doors of tlie dispensary were opened. Tlie room was open from 12 to i daily and one of the [aliysicians named was always in attendance. The dispensary accomplished much good, but with the revival of manufactures and trade consequent upon the large army contracts that were given out and the general stimulation of the industrial life of the nation, its need was not so urgent, and it was finally closed on July 16, 1864. During its existence several hundred patients were treated. No further steps were taken in this direction until 1873, altliough desultory discussions of the general subject were held from time to time. Earl}' in that year John G. Vose, of Montrose, whose interest in such a project had been strongly enlisted, called a preliminary meeting at his house to consider the propriety of establishing a hospital in Orange. At this meeting were present Henry A. Page, William A. Brewer, Jr., Dr. William Pierson, Jr., and Dr. Stephen Wickes, besides Mr. Vose himself. Several sub- sequent meetings were held at Mr. Vose's house, other gentlemen were inter- ested in the matter and final!)- the Mem- orial Hospital and Dispensary was incor- porated on April 4, 1873. On June 5 of the same year the incorporators organ- ized by electing the following Board of Officers : President, John G. Vose ; Vice- President, Gardner R. Colby; Secretary; George P. Kingsley, 'Treasurer, John L. Blake. On June 6, 1873, the Common Council gave unanimous consent to the use for dispensary purposes of the unoccupied engine house on Lincoln Avenue, near the railroad. This was at once fitted up for occupancy and opened on July 2 as a public dispensary. October 2, 1873, tiie regular election of the Board of Control came and the following — the first regularly elected Board — was chosen : From Orange. — Edward Austen, Samuel Colgate, George J. P'erry, George 1^. Kingsley, Charles J. Prescott, William Pierson, Jr., John L. Blake, Aaron Carter, Jr.. Henry A. Howe, David Dodd and Ambrose M. Matthews ; from East Orange. — A. M. Knight. Elias O. Doremus. Gardner R. Colby and John N. Whiting; from West Orange. — D. M. l^abcock and H. B. Auchincloss; from South Orange. — ilenrv .V Page, John \'an \'echten, William A. Brewer, Jr., and John (j. \'ose. The Board met a week later and re-elected the first Board of Of^cers, to serve for the years 1873-4. In the meantime it was felt that the direct management of the dispensary and iiospital came properly within the scope of woman's work and that to insure the ultimate success of the project the active sympathy of the ladies of the Oranges was necessary. A society was accordingly organized September 22, 1873, under the name of the Ladies' Au-xiliary Society of the Memorial Hospital and Dispensary, whose object as stated in the by-laws was '" to supervise domestic arrangements, investigate all complaints, solicit subscriptions and donations and look after the general welfare of the patients." Its officers were the following: President, Mrs. Edward Austen; Vice-President, Mrs. George Willis; Treasurer, Mrs. Benjamin Douglass; Secretary, Mrs. Watson Matthews. Ml.MiiKIAI. HilSI'ITAl, .\NL) TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES, OR.\NGE. Tmk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 239 Ml. Vose died on March 18, 1874. and with his dcatli the iujspital lost one of its most earnest and iiiitiiin.i,r workers, to whose energy, perhaps, more was due than to any other single person. Mr. Vose was tlic originator of the name " Memorial." It was at first intended to give the institution no specially distinctive name, but simply call it the Orange Hospital. This was objected to by some on the ground that it was not specific enough. Then the suggesti(jn of "Memorial" was made by Mr. Vose and a number of his friends suggested that it should be so called in memory of Mrs. Vose, who had died during the preceding year. Mr. Vose opposed such a specific appropriation of the name, preferring that the name " Memorial" should be a generic one, giving an opportunity for all to endow specific beds or wards or build pavilions and additions in memory of their loved and lost. The Ladies' Society took hold of the work so actively that gradually the original society of gentlemen withdrew more and more from the active management and finally ceased active work entirely, leaving the entire manage- ment in the hands of the ladies. On May 1, 1874, a building was hired on the corner of Lincoln Avenue and Minton Place, at a rental of §900, the gentlemen's society assuming the responsibility for the same. After some necessary alterations and repairs the Memorial Hospital and Dispensarj- was opened for the reception of patients about the middle of July, with the following medical and surgical staff: Drs. William I'ierson, Jr.. J. \V. Corson, Stephen Wickes, William J. Chandler, E. B. Thomjjson, John W. Lloyd and Frank Wilmartli. From the very start the hospital proved a success and enlisted the sympathy of tlic community. Vcar by year, as its work progressed, its hold on the affections of the people broadened and deepened, it being one of the few objects of charity for which the people's purse was alwaj-s oi^en and to whose appeals the masses never turned a deaf ear. In December, 1877, Joseph W. Stickler offered a lot on Essex Avenue, the present site of the hos- pital, and $1,000 in cash, subsequently increa.sed to §5 000, towards the building of a new hospital. To avail themselves of this very liberal offer, re-organization was necessary. The Ladies' Society, being only an au.xiliary of the now practically defunct Gentlemen's Society, had no legal existence, and an incorpora- tion was nece.ssary to enable it to hold property. On May 9, 1878, the association was incorporated as the Orange Memorial Hospital, with the following ladies as incorporators: Mary M. Austen, Annie L. Baldwin, Rebecca R. Banta, Angeline N. Blake, Julia Bulkley, Sarah S. Carter, Martha Colby, Elizabeth M. Colgate, Susan M. Corson, Katherine M. Freeman, Ellen M. Gill, Sarah R. Halsey, Rachel Hedden, Georgiana L. , Heckscher, Anna T. E. Kirtland, Mary F. Luff, Elizabeth J. Martin, Augusta B. Matthews, Callista S. Mayhew, Sarah Martin, Anna W. Myers, Maria C. I'age, Isabel F. Pierson. Anne Pierson, A. Maria Rollinson, Augusta C. Small, Charlotte Stickler, C. Matilda Van Wagenen, Sarah L. Van Vechten, Adele Wetmore, Maria E. Williams, Harriet E. Willis, Mary H. Wolf. Active steps were at once taken by the Building Committee towards the erection of a suitable building and obtaining the rcijuisite funds wherewith to do it. Liberal donations and gifts were made and plans and estimates were prepared. It was ft)und that to carry them out would require an expendi- ture of about §31,000. The original lot donated by Mr. Stickler was on Esse.x Avenue and did not extend to Henry Street. The corner lot was therefore purchased by the board, giving the grounds a frontage on both streets. The plans for a building were drawn by S. D. Hatch, a New York architect, and on June 27, 1881, ground was broken and the work begun, and the completed hospital was formally opened on May 25, 1882. During 1882 the dispensarj' building, which had been donated to the hospital by the Common Council, was removed to its present location on Henry Street, and a pavilion for fevers and contagious diseases was built. The people of the Oranges responded nobly in the matter of furnishing the new house and nearly all the furniture and appliances were donated by friends of the institution. In March, 18S4, the name of the Board of Managers was changed to that of the Board of Governors, to agree with the requirements of the State statutes, and during this same year the maternity cottage for lying-in patients was erected a cost of about S425. In December, 1S87, Mr. John Burke donated SlO,000, in addition to a previous donation of $1,500, for the building of a special pavilion to be known as the E. F. Burke pavilion. Plans were drawn by Mr. Charles A. Giflord and work was commenced in May, 1888, and the building completed in December following. Several beds in the new 340 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ■S- buildiii" have been provided for annually by private donations and by Grace Episcopal, Trinit}' ConLjre- gational, First Presbyterian and other churches; also by the city of Orange and the township of West Orange. A Memorial Pavilion for Consumptives was added in 1896 by Mr. F. M. Shepard, in memory of his son, Joseph M., who died in the autumn previous. The corner-stone of the building was laid in January, 1896. It is a frame building, 32 x 57 feet, two stories high, and one of the most modern and thoroughly sanitary hospital buildings in New Jersey. Entrance is from the enclosed verandas m the liurke pa\ilion. A sun veranila, ten feet wide and enclosed with glass, extends around the south and east sides of the building on both floors, thus enabling the inmates to promenade in fine weather without fear of cold or dampness. Especial attention has been given to the heating and ventilating apparatus, so that at all times an even temperature may be maintained. The main front on Esse.v Avenue is broken by four flat pilasters which run from the water table to the ornamental frieze, which bears the inscription, ••Joseph M. Shepard Pavilion." This is surmounted by an ornamental panel with a cross and crown surrounded with laurel leaves. Every conceivable arrangement for the comtort, health and convenience of the inmates has been made. The architect is Joseph M. Dodd, who has desi"-ned a number of public buildings in Essex County. The cost of the pavilion was about SiO,000. The ambulance which is run in connection with the hospital is fur- nished by a Hoard of Trustees, com- posed of young men who started a paper called the Ri-cottf, and aftei closing the publication of the paper the)' purchased the ambulance which they calletl the Ricord Aiiibulancc, and this is still maintained by them, they paying all expenses. This Hoard of Trustees is composed of Allerton I). Hitch, Harry G. Churr, Arthur C. Zimmerman, William H. Aborn and Farnham Yardley. The following persons iiave ser\ed as members of the Hoard of Ofificers since the organization of the Ladies' Society: Presidents. — Mrs. Edward Austen, 1873 to 1876; Mrs. George Willis, 1877; Miss M.irtin, 1878-9; .Mrs. Edward Austen, 1881 ; Mrs. John Van Vechten, 1882-3, 1884-5; Mrs. John H. Van Wagenen, 18S4-5 ; Mrs- William Picrson, 1886-7-8; Mrs. Charlotte A Sterling, Mrs. Edward W. Ashley. Vice-Presidents.— Mrs. George Willis, 1873 to 1877; Mrs. Edward Austen, 1878; Miss Wetmore, 1879-80; Mrs. Peter Wolt. Jr., 1881 ; Mrs. A. T. E. Kirtland, 1882 to 1884; Mrs. George H. Hacon. 1885-6; Mrs. Charles A. Sterling, 1887-8 ; Mrs. George A. Vail, Mrs. Charles A. Sterling. Treasurers.— Mrs Benjamin Douglass, 1873-4-5; Mrs. Peter Wolt, Jr., 1876-7; Mrs. C. C. Whitney, 1878 to 1881 ; Mrs. W. L. Shreve, 1882 to 1884; Mrs. Richard Russell, 1885; Miss Ella Speir, 18S6; Mrs. J. McMorrow, 1887; Mrs. Henry W. J. S. Cooke. Assistant Treasurers.— Mrs. Peter Wolt, Jr., 1885-6-7 ; Miss Lotta L. Iddings, 1886-7; Miss Annie Lowrie, 1888; Mrs. Henry W. J. S. Cooke. Secretaries.- Mrs. Watson Matthews, 1873 to 1882; Miss H. C. Allen, 1877, 1883 to 1888; Miss Maria E. Williams, 1SS3 to 188S. Assistant Secre- taries.— Miss Ruth Marsh, 1887; Mrs. Thomas S. P. Fitch, 1888; Mrs. Harriet Whittingham. Tr.MNINc; Sciiooi. for Nurses. This in.stitution was a necessary outgrowth of the Memorial Hospital. A plan was submitted to the Medical Society on June 20, 1882, for a system of pupil nurses to be trained in the hospital. It was the first school of the kind in the State and provided for a Tiiii Founders and Hr ii.dkks or tiik Granges. 241 two years' course. Pupils were received for one month on probation and if they proved satisfactory, signed a contract agreeing to serve the entire time. A small payment was made to them each month, their board and tuition were to be free, and the course included instruction in all matters pertaining t<» the care of the sick and disabled. The experiment proved a success and during the presidency of Mrs. John B. Van Wagenen, in 1884, that lady earnestly advocated the separation of the training school from the hospital and its organization into a separate institution to which the hosjjital should pay proper compensation for the services of the nurses. A separate Hoard of Governors of eighteen ladies were chosen to direct the affairs of the school. Of these eighteen ladies, thirteen were governors of tiie hospital as well, thus insuring full sympathy between the management of the two institutions. A lot of land adjoining the hospital property on Henry Street was donated by Mrs. Henry A. Howe. Robert Stephenson donated plans and specifications and a building was erected which was formally opened May 8, I0S5, wiiich was enlarged in if'Sj to meet the increasing demands. Nurses of large experience ha\c hail charge of the institution since it was first oi)cncd and not only has the hospital been kept constant!}- supplied with well-trained nurses who were graduated from the Training School, but quite a number of graduates have been sent to other fields of labor and have filled important positions in tliffcrcnt parts of the country, and one left here to go as a missionary to Siam. The following ladies have filled the various positions connected with this institution since it was opened: Presidents.— Mrs. John Petit, 1884 to 1889: Mrs. J. Walter Wood, 189O to 1896. Vice- Presidents: Mrs. Margaret H. Pierson, 1884 to 1887; Mrs. John L. Seward, 18S8 to 1P96. Secretaries: Mrs. Horace W. Fowler, 1886-7; Mrs. James C. Payles, 1888 to 1891 ; Miss M. H. Pierson, 1892; Mrs. Edward Steinbach, 1893 to 1896. Treasurers: Mrs. A. Lyman Knight, 1886; Mrs. F. C. Ogden, Jr., 1887; Mrs. W. A. Brewer. Jr., 1888 to 1896. /> Jk House of THK Good SheI'IIEKD. The name and purpose of this institution as set forth in its Articles of Organiza- tion, is "a home for convalescents — foraged and infirm members of the church— as a tem- porary home for friend- less girls and children and fur the care of maternit}- patients, and shall be known as the House of the Good Shepherd." This insti- tution owes its existence to a similar enterprise which was started in 1881, known as a "Home for C o n \' a 1 e s c e n t s," which failed after about a 3'ear's trial because there were not convales- cents enough to be charitably cared for in the neighborhooil. It failed, however, under circumstances that e.xcited the warm .sympathies of a few who had stood by it toward the capable woman who started it, all of these, including the woman, being members of the ' y fill HOUSK OF THE Giiiin 242 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Episcopal church. The question came up with these good women what they could do to relieve sister Sylvia, as she was known, whose means were all tied up in the enterprise, and what, if any, charitable thing could be done with the household material of which her means consisted. The clergy of three parishes was called in and it was determined then and there that what the church wanted was a home for its acred and infirm pensioners. They then purcliased the furniture, etc., of the lady, and the House of the Good Shepherd was duly organized under the control and direction of the clergy and women of St. Mark's Church of the Holy Communion, South Orange, Grace Church, of Orange, and Christ Church, of East Orange, each parish to be entitled to three representatives on the Managing Board. Rev. Dr. Williams, of St. Mark's Church, was the President. The Managing Board consisted of Rev. James A. Williams, D. D., Rev. William Richmond, Rev. Henry V. Deegan, and Rev. Horace S. Bishop. A house was rented on Mt. \'ernon Avenue for about a year and from that time until 1891 a house was rented near the Valley station. In 1891 a lot was purchased on Henry Street adjoining the grounds of the Memorial Hospital, at a cost of $4,000, and a fine building, costing $12,000, erected thereon. Comfortable accommodations have been provided for all tiie inmates, the house being furnished entirely by voluntary gifts. When the inmates are able, a moderate charge is made for board, otherwise the entire expenses of the institution are met by the voluntary contributions of the several parishes. Endowments have been made from time to time amounting to a few thousand dollars. Francis Randall left $5,000 to the institution and two other endowments of $1,000 each have been received. In 1889 the ladies of tlie several parishes held a Rainbow Bazaar, which netted some $2,000. In 1895 St. Mark's parish withdrew, leaving the management to the other three parishes mentioned. The present officers of the institution are : President, Rev. Anthony Schuyler, D. D.; Vice-President, Rev. Samuel H. Bishop; Treasurer, William R. Howe; Chaplain, Rev. Alexander Mann; Physician, George Bayles, M. D. Orange Bureau OE Associated Chakiites. The charitable organization known as the Orange Bureau of Associated Charities was first organized in the winter of 1879-80, under the name of the Bureau of Registration, which name was retained until 18S3 when its title was changed. It was for .some years under the management of ladies representing thirteen Protestant churches in the Oranges, as follows: First Presbyterian, North Baptist, St. Mark's Episcopal, Grace Episcopal, Central Presby- terian, Brick Church (Presbyterian), First Presbyterian (or Munn Avenue), of East Orange, First Methodist, First Reformed, Trinity Congregational, Valley Congregational, Christ Episcopal and the New Church. The object of the organization at this time, as stated, was "To see that the deserving cases of destitution are properly relieved ; to make employment the basis of relief and inculcate habits of self-dependence, self-respect and industry; to prevent indiscriminate and duplicate giving; to secure the community from imposture; to reduce vagrancy and pauperism by ascertaining their cause and removing it when possible." The society changed its headquarters several times, being located in a building in Park Street, near Main, for about two years. In the summer of 1883, through the munifi- cence of Mr. Robert F. Westcott, the society came in possession of their present quarters in Essex Street, near Main. Mr. Westcott purchased the property and building and, at a considerable expense, improved and graded the surrounding grounds, repaired the building and donated the whole to the society for the benefit of the pour of Orange. From the beginning of this enterprise the people of the Oranges have given it their most generous sujjport and there has been no lack of willing workers, especially among the ladies, who have been untiring in their efforts to relieve the needy and distressed. As the work increased it became necessary to have an Advisory Board of gentlemen to assist in the general management of the society's affairs. Various plans have been adopted from year to year to aid those in need and to give encouragement to such as were willing to work and help support themselves. Idleness and beggary were discouraged and every applicant for help, unless prevented by sickness or disease, was requested to do something. A Special Relief Committee was appointed by the Bureau in 1893, its aim being to supply work to the ready, and when that was not possible, to supply the necessaries instead of contributing money, medical The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 243 attciulaiicc, muses, medicine ami noiirisliing food, and in a few instances special appliances were fiiinislicd free of cost. A i)rinted report for April, 1894, notes the fact that in January of that year a wood yard was opened w liich gave temporary employment to 476 men, of whom 113 were without depenilents, and 363 had 992 persons dependent on them. In all. 2,552 days' work- were given, for which §2,380.97 was was paid in money and S<')5--25 "'i groceries. The different nationalities represented among these laborers showed: Americans (white), 83; colored, 130; Irish, 168; German, 44; English, 25; Italian, 12; Scandinavian, 3; Scotch, 5; French, 2; Bohemian, 2. This report shows further that a lodg- ing-house established by the committee in the Valley, accommodated 897 persons and work was re(iuired of all lodgers in sifting ashes, splitting wood. etc. As the work of this bureau increased it became neces- sary to adopt new methods, and it was found that its usefulness and efficiency would be greatly enhanced if the executive offices in the institution could be filled by business men. The Advisory Board, at its meeting in February, 1894, recommended certain changes which resulted in a reorganization of the bureau. The objects of the bureau, as set forth in the revised constitution, are: "To raise the needy above tlie need of relief, prevent begging and imjjosition and diminish pauperism ; to encourage thrift, self-dependence and industry through friendly intercourse, advice and sympathy, and to aid the poor to help themselves; to prevent children growing up as paupers; to aid in the diffusion of knowledge on subjects connected with the relief of the poor, etc." Article I of the b)'-laws defines the membership as follows: " I. Fxofticio, His Honor tlie Mayor, the Chief of Police, the Overseer of the Poor, the President of the Board of Health and the City Physician of the city of Orange; the Chairman of the Township Committee, the Chief of Police, the Overseer of the Poor, the President of the Board of Health, the Township Physician of the townships of East Orange. West Orange and South Orange respective!)- ; the President, the Cliairman of the Police Committee and the Health Inspector of the village of South Orange ; the ministers of all churches and the presidents of all charitable organizations in the city or townships, and the President of the New England Society. 2. Of the members of any district conference. 3. Of all persons who are annual contributors of two dollars or more, or who have contributed fifty dollars at any one time to the funds of the society." The officers of the society for 1895-96 are: President, Bleecker Van Wagenen ; First Vice President, Edward M. Colie ; Second Vice-President, Daviil Bingham; Recording Secretary, W.ilter I. McCoy; Corresponding Secretary, AUerton D. Hitch; Treasurer, William M. Franklin. SECRET AND BENEVOLENT ORG.ANIZATIONS.-MASONIC LODGES. The Ancient Order of Free and Accepted Masons is the oldest of all secret societies in this country, and the first attempt to introduce the Order in this country was made by Hon. Daniel Co.x, a son of "the great proprietor." Barker, in his "Early History of Masonry in New York, says: "The valuable labors of committees named by the Grand Lodges of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and New Jersey have demonstrated the fact that the first appointment of a Provincial Grand Master in this country was issued to \\.\ W.-. Daniel Coxe, of New Jersey." Union Lodge, No. ii, F. &. A. M. This was the first lodge ever established in Essex County outside of Newark. It was chartered November 14, 1809, as Union Lodge, No. 21, F'. & A. M. Its charter prescribed that its regular comnuinications should be held alternately in Orange and Bloomfield, two years in each place. The charter members were: Jeptha Baldwin, Alexander Wilson, Matthias Smith, Stephen D. Day, Joseph Munn, Nathaniel H. Baldwin, Samuel M. Dodd, Abraham Winans, Frederick Gruet, Amos Williams, Joel Dunham, Sainml B. Williams, Moses Condit. Jr., Daniel Beach, Jr., Linus Baldwin, Samuel Harrison, Jr., John Ward, Benjamin Lindsley, John Purves, Jeptha Crane, Simeon Baldwin, Moses Harrison, Peter Doremus, Peter Gruet, Edward Gruet, Samuel Baldwin, William W. Baldwin, Stephen Tichenor. The first oflficers installed at the constitution of the lodge, December 28, 1809, were: Jeptha Baldwin, W. M.; Alexander Wilson. S. W.; AKatthias Smith, J. W.; Stephen D. Day, Treasurer; William W. Baldwin, Secretary; Stephen Tichenor. S. D.; Moses Condit, Jr., J. D.; 244 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Simeon Baldwin, M. of C; Abraham Winans, Henjamin Lindsley, Stewards; Linus Baldwin, Tyler. The lodge met in the old Academy building, which stood on the site of the present Second National Bank, and continued to hold its regular communications there until the erection of the first Masonic Hall. The corner-stone of the Masonic Hall was laid on June 25, 1827, and the building dedicated on December 27, following. Under the original charter the lodge held its last communication in this hall, April 6, 1830. About this time, owing to the excitement which grew out of the abduction of Morgan, in the western part of New York State, a strong anti-Masonic feeling was aroused throughout the whole country, and hundreds of lodges were obliged to suspend work. Union Lodge among the others. Its charter was revoked and no attempt was made to reorganize until 1846, when application was made to the Grand Lodge of New Jersey for a new charter; this was granted under the name of Union Lodge, No. 1 1, on January J/, 1846. Work was resumed in the old lodge room and for half a century the lodge has enjoyed a remarkable degree of prosperity. In 1886 Union Lodge decided to build a larger and more enduring building to replace the old Masonic Temple. The plans were drawn by Joseph M. Dodd and the corner-stone was laid on June 24, 1886, and the building was dedicated on the i6lh of November following. It is an im[)osing brick structure, three stories high. The facade is of Phila- delphia pressed brick, with terra cotta trimmings. On the first story are the post ofifice and stores, and a broad entrance-way opening upon the staircase leading to the upper stories. On the second floor are offices, lodge rooms, etc. The cost of the building was about §50,000. The men who filled the position of Worshipful Master of this lodge during its early history were among the most prominent citizens of Orange. Jeptha Baldwin, the first W. M., served from 1810 to 1817, inclusive; Stephen I). Day, 181S; Daniel Babbitt, 1819; Jeptha Baldwin, 1820 to 1822; Amos Harrison, 1823; Daniel Babbitt, 1824; Amos A. Harrison, 1825 to 1830; (Lodge suspended work for sixteen years). Philip Kingsley, 1846; Ichabod Harrison, 1847-8; Philip Kingsley, 1849; J<'li'i M- Condit, 1850-51 ; Simeon Harri- A I son, 1852-3; George A. Dodd, 1S54; William M. Babbitt, 1855; William B. Williams, 1856; William P. Condit, 1857; Isaac L. \'an Orden, 1858-9; Hiram Inglesbe, i860; Edward H. Ensign, 1861-2; Ezekiel B. Smith, 1863; Simeon Harrison, 186^; John W. Lees, 1865; Jesse Williams, 1866; Joseph Glasner, 1867; Joseph M. Dodd, 1868-9; Walter E. Smith, 1870; F"rederick W. Morris, 1871-2; Thomas O. Ayres, 1873; Augustus W. Coon, 1874-5; James Robotham, 1876-7; Miles A. Hanchctt, 1878-79-80; Robert E. Parsons. 1881; John Edwards, 18S3; Edwin \V. Hiiie, 1884; J. Frank Smith, 1886: William Stalker, 1887; Daniel Kavanaugh, 1889; William Parkinson, 1890-91; Stuart C. Smith, 1892-3; A. H. Sherman, 1894; Charles E. Williams, 1895. The regular communications are held on the second and fourth Tlniis- days in each month. The present officers of the lodge are ; Moses L. Gans, W. M.; Fred. J. Teulon, S. W.; Edward A. Pearson, J. W.; Charles E. Williams, P. M., Treasurer ; Thomas O. Ayres, P. M., Secretary ; Rev. Charles H. Mann, Chaplain ; Charles Pearce, S. D.; Fred. R. Romer, J. D.; Daniel Kavanaugh, P. M., Marshal ; Robert C. Lumsden, S. M. S.; George C. Berg, J. M. S.; George M. Hankins, S. S.; Henry Stetson, J. S ; J. O. B. Harrison, Organist ; James P. Williams, Tyler. Corinthian Lodge, No. 57, F. & A. M., was chartered January 10, 1861. Its charter members 1 5"3"rr'r .-^ '* % MASONIC HAM., ORANGE. The Founders and Builders of hie Oranges. 245 wore: Aiidiew Jiritton, Edward I), ricison, Elias O. Doicmus, Chauncy Y. Williams, Edward B- VVliiting, James M. Ward, Edward Gardner, Leander Williams, George A. Mcrwin, Girard Williams, Horace Freeman. The first officers of the lodge were: Andrew Britton, W. M.; Edward D. Picrson, S. W., and Edward B. Whiting. J. W. Those who have filled the position of W. M. since its organiza- tion are: Andrew Britton, 1861 ; Edwin B. Whiting, 1862; James P. Burton, 1S63; George A. Merwin, 1864; Edwin B. Whiting, i?65; Edward D. Pierson, 1S66-67; John H. Myers, 1868: Augustus T. Grinstcd, 1869; James P. Burton, 1870; Charles W. Banta, 1871 ; William Green, 1872; Warren McChesney, 1873; Edward D. Pierson, 1874; Charles W. Banta, 1875; Horace Stetson. 1876-77; Leander Williams, 1878-79; Robert McGowan, Jr., 1S80; David George, 1881-82; Henry B.Stokes, 1883-84; Otto G. Silber, 1S.S5-86; Frederick Grundman, 1887; William C.Schmidt, 1SS8-89; Thomas O. Ingling, 1890; Frank E. Baker, 1891: George F. Carter, 1892-93; Frank X. Schleman, 1894; Nathaniel Burton, 1F9;. The lodge meets on the first antl third Thursdays of each month. The officers for 1896 are: George F. Carter, P. M., W. M.; Orian L. Yeomans. S. W.; John F. Everett. J. W.; Joseph B. Bray, Treasurer; Augustus T. Grinsted, P. M., Secretary; David Georoe, P. M., Chaplain; William Lord, S. D.; Alexander Clark, J. D.; Charles E. Jones, S. M. C.; Samuel A. Nunn, J. M. C; James P. Williams, of No. 11, Tyler. The present membership is loi. Orange Chapter, No. 23, R. A. M. This Chapter was organized under dispensation, October 26, 1869, and held its first regular convocation on October 29 following. Its first officers were : Edward B. Whiting, M. E., IL P.; Charles F. R. Moore, E. K ; T. L. Van Orden, Scribe; Jacob Friday, C. of H.; Augustus C. Grinsted, P. S.; Joseph A. Smith, R A. C; Frederick W. Morris, 3d Veil; Walter E. Smith, 2d Veil ; Stcplien T. Smith, ist Veil; Edward Coumont, Treasurer; Joseph M. Dodd, Secretary; John IL Sharp, Sentinel. These were all charter members with the addition of Simeon Harrison, William B. Williams and John H. Meyers. The Chapter held its convocations in the old Masonic Hall until the erection of the new one, where it has since continued to meet. It has now a membership of lOi, there being a sliglit falling off during the past two years. Its convocations are held on the second and fourth Mondays in each month. The officers for 1896 arc : C. F. Coyne, H. P.; F. T. Crane, E. K.; F. J. Toulon, E. S.; T. O. Ayres. P. H. P., Treasurer; A. W. Coon, Secretary; J. P. HilLs, C. of H.; O. G. Gerber, P. S.; M. L. Gans, R. A. C; H. J. Arne, 3d Veil; C. E. Williams, 2d Veil; Thos. Davis, ist Veil; James P. Williams, Sentinel. ODD FELLOWS LODGES. This Order, which had been in existence in this country for some years before its establishment in Orange, became \'ery popular as a secret benevolent organization soon after the partial suppression of Freemasonry growing out of the Morgan excitement referred to in the history of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., and it will be noted that the first lodge of Odd F"ellows in Orange received its charter four years before Union Lodge, F. & A. M., was rechartered. The objects of the two orders are very similar and the early growth of Odd Fellowsliii) is due to the strong anti-Masonic sentiment which prevailed from 1830 to late in the forties. Lafayette Lodge, No. 12, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted in Orange July 19, 1842, with eleven charter members. Those named in the charter were: Edward T. Hillyer, N. G.; Joseph H. Hop ping, V. G.; John W. Innis, Recording Secretary; George Henry, Financial Secretary, and William Bod- vvell. Treasurer. The other members were P. J.-Bodwell, James Brady, Joseph A. Condit, Aaron Pierson, Henry Stetson and George A. Dodd. During the first year of its existence forty-three members were added by initiation and during the next ten years there was a further addition of between seventy and eighty members. In 1847 a number dimited from this Lodge to organize Olive Branch Lodge, No. 51. This, together with the financial troubles of 1853, so weakened the lodge tiiat it suspended labor and forfeited its Charter. On F"ebruary 22, 1868, on the petition of Z. H. Condit, Reuben W. Dodd, Amzi Wright, James Young and W'illiam M. Durand. the Lodge was reinstated and resumed labor. Since that time nearly si.x hundred members have been added by initiation and the Lodge has had a prosperous 246 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. existence, and many wortliy distressed bretliicn have received tiu- benefits wliicli their membership entitles them to. UiiUke tlie Masonic Order, every member is entitled to a fixed weekly allowance in case of sickness; in the former each case is treated according to its needs. The Lodge has at the present time an active membership of between 100 and 150. The Lodge was regularly incorporated April 15, 1870, under ''An Act to incorporate Benevolent and Charitable Associations." John F. Morse Lodge, No. 183, L O. O. F. Tliis is a German lodge. It was organized March 24, 1.S75, with the following charter members: Julin G. Schaefer, Joseph Schmitt, Frederich Cohrs, Gustav Doehler, Jacob Bury, Heinrich G. Schaefer, Jacob Sohn, Jacob Deckenbach, Frederick Kraus, Jacob Burker, David Wendel, Charles Hummel. The first officers were: John G. Schaefer, N. G.; Jacob Sohn, V. G.; Joseph Schmitt, Secretary; Jacob Deckenbach, Treasurer D. O H. (Deutsche Ouden Harugari), No. 186. This Order was established for the purpose of affording relief to brethren in cases of sickness or distress, and afTords a fi.xed stipend to such as are in need of aid from the relief fund. The Orange Lodge was instituted December 17, 1868, with twehe charter members, which has largely increased and the Lodge has a beneficiar)- fund amounting to se\eral hundred dollars. Live Oak Lodck, No. 181, I. C). O. 1-'. This Lodge was organized July 6, 1875, by Grand Master Christian Miller, with the following charter members and officers: John G. Gegenheimer, N. G.; Aug. Marks, V. G.; Iruin M. Genung, R. S.; Charles E. Leyers, Financial Secretary; William W. Jacobus, Treasurer; IIenr\- M. Cam[), O. G.; Charles H. Meeker, R. S. Thirteen candidates were initiated upon the same ilay, who, with the charter members, gave the Lodge an enrollment of twenty. There has been a steady increase in membership which now numbers 125. The present officers are : T. Wilson Guernsey, N. G.: Samuel Loomis, V. G.; George Danner, Recording Secretary; William Marks, F^inancial Secretary; Jacob IL Hanse, Treasurer; Augustus Marks, Henel Cohart, John G. Gegenheimer, Trustees. TEHPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS. Washington Temit.e of Honor and Temperance. This order was instituted February 15, 1849, by leading members of the order of the Sons of Temperance. Its purpose was to work in connection with that order as a higher branch or degree to the Sons of Temperance, and at that time the membership was limited to the members of the latter order; it became independent of the parent order, however, during the first year of its existence. Its meetings have been held at various places and for the past few years it has met at the old Masonic building, 16 Park Street, where its forty-fifth anniversary was celebrated February 16, 1895. The Temple has always met on P'riday evenings. There is no record of the charter members, the records having been destroyed by the burning of the Waverly building. Its first presiding officers were Daniel J. Kilburn and Ezra O. Roff. Among its old members were Aaron Ouinln-, llenrj- B. Freeman, .A. 11. Freeman, Judge Jesse Williams, J. H. Comlit, Abiel Morris Condit, Samuel D. Comlit, William Green. Aaron Williams, David S. Beach. Matthias Soverel, Caleb W. Hamilton, E. J. Condit, Horton D. Williams and D. T. Oakley. The Temple is still in a flourishing condition and is doing excellent work. Oak and Vine Social TtMri.K ok Honor and Temperance. This was organized in Orange, April 2, 1852, with seventeen charter members of both sexes. The first place of meeting was on the corner of Park and Main Streets, where Brady's photograph gallery now stands. It afterwards met in the Waverly building, which was destroyed by fire. Its present place of meeting is in the old Masonic Hall building. Park Street, near Main. Women's Christian Temperance Union. The movement which resulted in the establishment of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, of Orange, started in 1877. The semi-annual convention of the Women's Christian Temperance Union of New Jersey was held in the chapel of the North Orange Baptist Church, on the afternoon of Wednesday, May 16, followed by a public meeting in the evening at the First M. E. Church, under the charge of the Rev. J. H. Knowles, then pastor of the The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 247 cluircli. TI1C plan of organizing an Orange branch of tlic union was suggested, ami a meeting was called for the following Tuesday to consider it. No definite action was taken at this meeting, but a week later, at a meeting held at the same place on the evening of June 5, the organization was effected and the following officers were elected: Mrs. Samuel Colgate, President; Mrs. F. F. Ellinwood, Treasurer, and Miss J. (). Brewster, Secretary. Among the original m<.-mbers were Mrs. Ellie J. Knowles, Mi.ss Mary A. I.atlihury, Mrs. G. W. Richards, Mrs. Lucy C. Rand, Mrs. Albert Mann, Mrs E. M. Clark, Mrs. M. Van Marter, Mrs. Naomi F. Dyckman, Miss J. O. Brewster, Miss R. F. Morse, Mrs. Edward Austen, Mrs. C. C. Sturges, Mrs. Gardner R. Colby, Mrs. A. O'Neill, Mrs. John Gill, Mrs. George A. Moss, Mrs. J. C. Titcomb, Mrs. C. E Stone, Mrs. J. B. St. John, Miss Amy C. Lowrie, Mrs. S. C. Burdick, Mrs. R. C. Browning, Mrs. Carnclia C. Ilussey, Mrs. W. C. Holmes, Mrs. George J.Ferry, Mrs. Samuel Colgate, Mrs. 11. M. Woodward, Mrs. C. A. Banta, and Mrs. H. C. I.ibby. The following gentlemen were elected li()ni)rary iiuiiibers: George J. l''erry, C. A. Clark, Etlward Austen, A. G. Stevenson, I. II. Knowks, John A. Titcomb, Gardner R. Colby, Samuel C. Burdick and the Rev. Edward J udsun. Meetings were held at first in the building corner nf Main antl Esse.x Streets, and were well attended. A men's reading room and restaurant were opened and meals furnished at a moderate price. A Helping Hand Society was started in connection with the Union, the object being to benefit young women. Mrs. Ann Harrison, a colored woman, was a regular attendant at these meetings and became much interested in the work. At her death a few years later it was found that she had left her property to the Union, conditioned on its being used for these purposes. A lot was purchased in 1885, on the corner of Main and Commerce Streets, on which the present building was erected in 1888-9. This was fitted up with every convenience for carrying on the bLMievolcnt work for which tlie Union was organ- ized. The cost of the building was about $19,000 and the lot about S4.000. Religious and devotional meetings are held with considerable success, and persons of either se.K out of employment receive temporary help. Mrs John J. Perrine, the President, a most energetic and devoted Christian woman, spends a large portion of her time in this work. At the Sunday morning breakfast, 1,754 persons were fed during the year 1895. While the permanent object of the Union is to promote the cause of temperance, it has accomplished great good in the line of religious and benevolent work, especially among the poor. The membership of the Union has been somewhat fluctuating, the average, however, being about fifty. The officers for 1895 were: Mrs. John J. Perrine, President ; Mrs. Electa H. J ube, First Vice-President ; Mrs. Theodore I'". Seward, Second Vice-President; Miss Amy C. Lowrie, Recording Secretary; Mrs. Mary T. Kiersted, Corresponding Secretary ; Mrs. Myra C. Kitchen. Treasurer; Mrs. William Dyckman, Librarian; Miss Emma Wolt, Missionary Superintendent. BENEFICIARY SOCIETIES. RoVAL Arcanum. This order is social as well as beneficiary, its principal object being to enable its members to obtain life insurance at a moderate cost. It has survived the strong opposition of the old line insurance companies and has paid millions of dollars to the families of deceased members. Councils have been established in nearly all the leading cities and towns throughout the United States. Orange Councii., No. 975, R. A., was instituted June 22, 1886, in Uzal Dodd Post room with twenty-seven charter members. The first officers were: J. Day Otis, Regent ; Henry C. Burton, Vice- Regent ; William G. Thomas, Orator; B. T. Martin, Past Regent; J. A.Alexander, Secretary; Charles D. Phelps, Collector; A. G. Stevenson, Treasurer; Theodore H. Smith, Chaplain; Wm. H. Wakefield, Guide ; Frank M. Odell, M. D., Warden. The council meets in the Ma.sonic Temple, on the first and third Thursdays of each month. Its growth has been steady and permanent and it has on its list over one hundred members. Hillside Council, No. 1329, R. A. This is an outgrowth of and was organized by Orange Council, No. 975, January 13, 1891, with forty-seven members. Its first meeting was held in Uzal Dodd 248 Thu Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Post room. Its first officers were: Thomas O. Ingling, Regent; Miles A. Hanchett, Vice-Regent; T. J. W. Duffy, Orator; William H. Wakefield, Past Regent; George R. Stagg, Secretary; Cyrus L. Smith, Collector; William C. Schmidt, Treasurer; N. J. Burton, Chaplain. This council has a member- ship of about one hundred and its death losses have thus far been \ery small. Its present place of meeting is in the Masonic Temple, on the second and fourth Thursdays of each month. Llewellyn Council, No. ir, Goi den Star Fraternity, was instituted in Orange, April 13, 1887, in Temple of Honor Hall, with fifteen charter members. The order is constituted for the express purpose of providing life insurance for its members, but it also pays sick benefits to its members for a limited term. Both sexes are eligible to membership. Its first officers were: S. F. Gibbons, Moderator; William Billington, Vice-Moderator; Frederick W. Alleston, Recording Secretary; A. J. Eckert, Financial Secretary; Dr. Bradshaw, Medical E.xaminer, and Henry Mohr, Treasurer. The council has a membership of over one hundred and holds its meetings in Odd Fellows Hall. Anion;j; the various other secret and beneficiary orders, all of which are e.xerting an influence for good by rendering aid to the sick and a stipulated amount to deceased members, are the Ancient Order of Foresters, Knights of Pythias, Order of Knights of Malta, Improved Order of Heptasophs, Order United American Mechanics, Catholic Benevolent Legion, St. Patrick's Alliance, Ancient Order of Hibernians, Order of Chosen Friends. Knights of Honor, Improved Order of Red ]\Ien, Order of Elks, etc. Grand Army of the Republic. This is an outgrowth of the Civil War and was organized at Decatur, Illinois, April 6, 1S66, by Dr. B. F. Stephenson, of Springfield, who had served as surgeon of the Fourteenth Illinois Infantry, and at the close of the war returned to his practice in Springfield, where, in February, 1866, he first suggested the idea of this organization and made the draft of a ritual. He became the first Provisional Commander-in-Chief and issued his first call for a national convention October 31, 1866. The objects of the order are: i. To preserve and strengthen those kind and fraternal feelings which bound together the soldiers, sailors and marines who united to suppress the late rebellion, and to perpetuate the memory and history of the dead. 2. To assist such former comrades in arms as need help and protection, and to extend needful aid to the widows and orphans of those who have fallen. 3. To maintain true allegiance to the United States of America, based upon a paramount respect for and fidelity to its constitution and laws; to discountenace whatever tends to weaken loyalty, incites to insurrection, treason or rebellion, or in any manner impairs the efficiency and permanency of our free institutions, and to encourage the spread of universal liberty, equal rights and justice to all men. Its membership is limited to the soldiers and sailors of the United States Army, Navy or Marine Corps who ser\ed between April 12, 1S61, and April 9, 1865, in the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, and those having been honorablj' discharged therefrom after such service and subject to the orilcrs of United States general officers between the dates mentioned. No person shall be eligible to membership who has at any time borne arms against the United States. The G. A. R. Posts are named in honor of deceased persons — usually those who died in ilefense of their country. U/.AL Do; D Post, No. 12, G. A. R. This Post was named in honor of Capt. Uzal Dodd, who commanded Company H, Twenty-sixth Regiment, N. J. Volunteers. The chaplain of this regiment said of him : "He had those qualities rarely found in combination, by which he could be familiar with his men without breeding contempt — which enabled him to mingle with them when off duty as equals, and when on duty command them as a superior. His patriotism was of the purest and most persistent character. It was such that no hardship nor temporary reverses could shake. The voice of duty was to him the voice of God. For some weeks before the second battle of Fredericksburg he had been quite sick and off duty and in the opinion of the surgeon and other officers was not able to go with the regiment. But he could not bear to have his company in the perils of battle without being at its head, so he followed on after it and caught u[> before the regiment crossed the ri\er. In storming the heights TiiK Founders and Huilders of the Oranges. 249 lie kept alon, RICHARD N. DYER. PRESIDENT OF COUKTRY CLUB. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 251 Clubs, of which Mrs. C. B. Yarilley, of East Orange, wlio was mainly instrumental in bringing these clubs together, was made President. The Presidents of the club since its formation have been: Mrs. Henrietta W. Johnson, 1872-4; Mrs. Louisa Lord Riley, 1874-76; Mrs. Lydia Laurelia Ropes. 1876-84; Mrs. Caroline A. Atwater, 1884-85; Mrs. Katharine H. Browning, 1885-86; Mrs. Julia Kroch, 1886-88; Mrs. Charlotte Emerson Brown, 1S88 90: Mrs. Adaline Emerson Thompson, 1890-92; Mrs. Mary Coggeshall Seward, 1892-94. The present officers of the club are: President, Mrs. J. C. Cushing ; First Vice-President, Mrs. William H. Bradshaw ; Second Vice-President, Mrs. Albert O. Field; Treas- urer, Mrs. Frederick Doremus; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Louisa Hus; Recording Secrctar\', Mrs. E. O. Stanley. Orange Ci.UIJ. The organization of this club was the beginning of club life among the business men of the Oranges. This club started the ball rolling and five others are now in successful operation. The Orange Club was started among the New York business men residing in the vicinity of Brick Church. It was the out- growth of the Eclectic Dramatic Club, which, during its existence, was a prosper- ous and influential social element. The club was incorporated on March 28, 1885, by the following-namctl gentlemen : Rob't P. Hayes, James Y. Simpson, Walter T. Stephenson, Henr\- H. Snow, Douglas H. Schneider, G. E. Zippell, R. D. Merrell, ¥. B. Holmes and James Chittick. The object as specified was " for social, intel- lectual and recreative purposes." The first officers were: R. P. Hayes, President: J. Y. Simpson, Vice-President; W. T. Stephenson, Secretary; H. H. Snow, Treasurer; G. E. Zippel, Chairman House Committee. The club first occupied rooms in Appleton's building, opposite Brick Church station, but its rapidly-increasing membership necessitated more commodious quarters and the club leased the premises No. 20 Prospect Street, East Orange. This was fitted up for temporary use and in 1887 the property was purchased by the club. The house was enlarged and fitted up with all the usual conveniences for club life and the grounds arranged for out-door games, etc. Notwithstanding the fact that several other clubs have since been organized in various parts of the Oranges, this club has continued to hold its own and still has a strong membership, principally in East Orange. The present value of the ])roperty owned by the club is about $30,000. The present officers are : Richard N. Dyer, President; D. A. Vanhorne, Vice-President; Henry A. Potter, Secretary ; C. H. El)-, Treasurer ; J. P. Schiller, Chairman House Committee. The following named persons have served as President of the club since its organization : T. Y. Simpson, M. D., 1885 ; Staats S. Morris, 1886; John L. Blake, 1887-8-9; C. A. Sterling, 1890; G. I. Herbert, 1891 ; A. J. VVoodworth, 1S92-3; Richard N. Dyer, 1894-5-6. uRANOJi CLUli. l.AbT OK.XNGli. Orange Athletic ClUH. This club was started as a local organization for the benefit of the young men of the Oranges. It has passed its first decade, has achieved a national reputation in its several contests with college and other clubs throughout the country, and has made for itself a name which affords just cause to its members and to the State of New Jersey for congratulation. It has 25: Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges taken its place among the leading clubs in the country. From the beginning it has had tlie hearty support of the leading citizens of the Oranges, who feel proud of its achievements. In the character of its membership it will compare favorably with tiiat of any athletic club in the country and it has grown in popularity from year to year. It stands in the front rank in F.sscx County in the matter of athletic sports. Among its members are some of the best wheelmen, the best amateur baseball, tennis and football players in the country. The project was started in the early part of 18S5 by the young men of the Oranges, who soon enlisted the aid and cooperation of all classes. On April 4, 1885, about two hundred of the best-known citizens of the Oranges assembled in Music Hall to consider the feasibility of forming an athletic club. Plans were presented, the various details discussed and a committee appointed to solicit subscriptions. This committee met with great success and other meetings were held, the business men subscribing liberally to the enterprise. The club was regularly organized in February, 1886, with the following well-known gentlemen as incorporators and directors: President, Robert W. Hawksworth; Vice-President. J. Montgomery Hare; Secretary, H. B.Thomas; r^ UKA.\UK AlllLKTIC CLUB. Directors, R. W. Hawksworth, J. Montgomery Hare, Everett Frazar, Henry A. Potter, John Pettit, J. B. Tilford, A. P. Boiler, J. G. Morgan, G. P. Kingsley, A. D. Palmer, William A. Brewer, Jr., T. B. Cuis and II. B. Starbuck. A lot on llalsted Street was purchased and a club-house erected, at a cost of about $13,000. A tennis building was erected in the fall of 1887, at a cost of $10,000. The club-house was formally opened in January, 1888. An important feature of the club, which has done much to popularize it is the admission of ladies to membership. Article VII of House Rules says that " the gymnasium shall be devoted exclusively to the use of ladies daily between the hours of 9.30 a m. and 3 p. m., excepting Saturdays and holiday.s. Lady members shall have the privilege of the club-house every day until 3 p. m., excepting on Mondays and Thursdays, when they shall have the privileges of the club (excepting the gymnasium) after 3 p. m. until midnight." The club-house is situated on the corner of Halsted Street and Railroad Avenue and is surrounded by a. spacious and well-kept lawn. A wide piazza extends along a portion of the front of the main build- The Founpers and Builders of the Oranges. 253 ing. The main doors open into a small lobby on one side of which is the office. The tennis building is an important feature of the club-house. It is in the rear of the main building and communicates with it by means of a wide entrance. It is entirely covered so that it can be used in all kinds of weather. It contains two full-sized tennis courts. This building is also used for balls, receptions, concerts and other entertainments, and the club-house has constantly been the resort of a large part of the beauty, fashion intelligence and wealth of the Oranges and neighboring places. The gymnastic classes have annually given one or more successful and entertaining exhibitions, and the girls' and children's classes have been constantly advancing in minor gymnastics and in calisthenics suitable to their strength and abilities. The club is the owner of large and well-arranged grounds near the Grove Street station. These grounds contain running tracks and spaces for football and other out-door games. The management and conduct of the games at the oval by the committees in charge have been so careful and judicious that the entire resident population has come to regard the club grounds as one of its cherishetl local institutions. Ladies flock to the club games without escort, and parents gladly permit their children to visit the grounds unattended, confident of respectful care and treatment, and of the absence of the rowdy element which too frequently resorts to athletic games. As a result of these precautions and as a consequence of the policy of management indicated, the audiences at the oval have been unrivalled as to numbers and character during the past four years, and in these particulars without a parallel in the history of any of its sister organizations. So well known has this feature become that all the other crack athletic clubs are eager to secure dates for games with its teams long in advance of the events, and the leading college teams of the country look forward with pleasure to their annual visits to Orange. The club is a strictly temperance athletic organization and has constantly sought to afford the best facilities for the instruction and entertainment of its members and friends. It has, year after year, brought a succession of champion athletes to its grounds, in exhibitions as various in character as they have been absorbing in interest. It has, through its junior membership features, brought in a large contingent of the youth of the Oranges, and has excercised a wholesome educational and restraining influence upon them in several tlirections. Its aims have always been high in whatever it has undertaken, until by its achievements and influence it has become a large and leading element of life in the Oranges, and a power in furtherance of clean and wholesome living and a moral force in the community second only to the body of religious organizations there located. Only three men have filled the office of President since the organization of the club. K. \V. Hawkesworth, the first President, continued in ofifice for five years and was succeeded by J. Q. Harstow, who held the position for two years, and Mr. Dillon, the present incumbent, was elected in 1S94. The present officers of the club are: William B. Dillon, President ; William M. Franklin, Vice-President ; I'Vederic G. Mason, Treasurer ; A. D. Palmer, Secretary. The Board of Directors are: William B. Dillon, A. D. Palmer, E. V. Z. Lane, Arthur Varian, F. G. Mason, Joseph D. Picksley, Dr. T. N. Gray, E. P. Ailing, Dr. T. S. P. Fitch, Franklin Webster, Daniel Pritchard, R. M. Colie. Essex County Country Club. This club, which was organized less than ten years ago with a membership of fifty-seven, has now on its list nearly three hundred resident members, besides a number of non-resident members. Owing to the extreme liberality of its management and the attractiveness of its surroundings, this club has become one of the most popular resorts in the country and is in many respects equal to the famous Tuxedo, in Orange County, N. Y. Its aim and purpose, as set forth in Article II, Section i of the constitution, is "for the encouragement of athletic exercises and sports and the maintenance of a club-house for reading-rooms and social meetings." Persons living in any part of New Jersey are eligible to regular membership, and non-residents from any part of the globe may enjoy the full privileges of membership, except that of attending or participating in its business meetings. The clergy of the county of every denomination are entitled to full membership without cost. The club was organized in the spring of 1887 and was incorporated under a general act of the Legislature entitled "An Act to incorporate Societies or Clubs for social, intellectual and recreative 254 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. purposes," approved March 27, 1878, and amended Februar\- 20, 1886. The following-named persons were the incorporators: Henry A. Page, D. Robinson, Jr., W. Emlen Roosevelt, John Burke, Edward Kelly, T. H. Powers Farr, H. S. Herbert, W. D. Baldwin, John Kean, Jr., Henry Parish, Jr., S. Van Rensselaer, H. T. Hitch, Edward P. Slevin, C. F. Watson, R. J. Cross, C. A. Munn, G. I. Herbert, J. R. Pitcher, J. H. H. Brintnall, A. H. Scribner, Ogden Brower, John H. Ballantine, George H. Halsey, Frederick Frelinghuyscn, E. C. Woodruff, C. Weidenfield, Julian H. Kean, B. H. Campbell, J. N. \'an Ness, Robert Hallantine, Franklin Murphy, Frederick S. Fish, A. P. Whitehead, F. M. Wheeler, Robert Sedgwick, Eugene Kelly, R. Fry, C. Pfizer, Jr., C. H. Lee^ Dr. William Pierson, E. D. Page, C. E. Souther, E. G. Burgess, D. P. Cruikshank, William Clark, Jasper R. Rand, .Samuel S. Dennis, E. P. Thebaud, W. Campbell Clark, Bleeker \'an Wagenen, E. A. Bradley, R. G. Park, Seeley Benedict, Frank Arnold, John C. Wilmerding, H. G. lI.Tarr. The officers named in the certificate of incorporation were: Henry A. Page, President; Aaron Pennington Whitehead, \'ice-President ; W. Emlen Roosevelt, Treasurer; Robert Sedgwick, Secretary. This club was substantially an outgrowth of the Esse.x Count)- Hunt, organized in 1S7G, which comprised a number of Orange residents, among whom were Charles H. Heckscher, Henry N. Munn, Edward P. Thebaud, P'rank E. Maitin. Douglas Robinson, Jr., the Messrs. Hudnut, and Charles H. Lee. The Essex County Hunt, in 1877, imported a pack of beagle hounds and inaugurated "drag" hunting. In 1880 the kennels were moved to Tory Corners, midway be- tween Montclairand Orange, and Henry N. Munn, of Orange, succeeded F. Merriam Wheeler, of M o n t c 1 a i r , as " '' master of the hounds. The kennels were newly stocked with a tlraft of very fine fox h o u n d s , purchased from the sons of Sir Hugh Allen, of Mon- treal, and live fo.xes were substituted for the "drag." Charles H .Heckscher became master of the hounds in 18S3 and was suc- ceeded by Edward P. Thebaud, who con- tinued to carry on the hunting in a most successful m a n n c r until the club was ab- sorbed by the Essex CountyCoun try Club. During Mr. Thebaud's term of ofiice — 1S84 to 1887 — the kennels were located in the Verona Valley. At the autumn meets there were frequently present from 500 to 600 invited guests from different parts of the country and from New York City. Among the active members of the club at this time was Gen. George B. McClellan ; and both he and his wife (the daughter of Gen. Marcy) were usually on the Reception Committee. In the early part of 1887 arrangements were made by members of the Essex County Hunt and T»-- COl'NTRY Cl.UB-HOUSE. IIUTTON PARK. TiiK Founders and Buildkks of the Oranges. 255 others to secure a lease of a portion of the jMoperty in Hutton Park, incliRiing the old Mansion House for a club-house. A meetinjj of the subscribers (to a special fund) was held on May 23, 1887. at the old Mansion House in Hutton Park and the formal organization of the Essex County Country Club was completed by the election c>( the followiiit; officers: President, Henry A. I'agc, of Montrose; Vice- President, A. Pennington Whitehead, Newark; Secretary, Robert Setlgwick, New York; Treasurer, W. Emlen Roosevelt, Elizabeth; Governors, W. D. Haklwin, Montclair; W. C. Clark, Newark; Richard J. Cross, New York ; T. H. Powers Farr, Montrose ; P'rederick Frelinghuysen, Newark ; H. S. Herbert. New York; Eugene Kelly, South Orange; Henry A. Page, Montrose; Douglass Robinson, Jr., Orange; VV. Emlen Roosevelt, Elizabeth; Robert Sedgwick, New York; E. P. Thebaud, Orange; J. N. Van Ness, Newark; F. M. Wheeler, Montclair; A. Pennington Whitehead, Newark. The certificate of incorpora- tion was executed two days following, as previously mentioned. On January 17, 1889, the Hutton Park property was sold at auction and twenty-four acres, including the old Mansion House and out- buildings, was purchased b)- the Country Club. Bonds to the amount of §65,000 bearing five per cent. interest were issued, which were readily taken by the members. This amount, however, proved insuffi- cient for the various additions and improvements, the total amount expended being about §75,000. The building was enlarged by additions both in front and rear, and many changes made in the interior, the billiard and other new rooms being finished in hard wood. Every conceivable arrangement for the comfort and convenience of the members aud their guests has been made, and this is now one of the most complete and best equipped club-houses in the country. On the extensive grounds ample airangcments have been made for the various sports and amuse- ments of the members of the club and their friends. These include a toboggan slide for the winter, and for the open months, lawn tennis, golf, polo, etc. At the entrance to the grounds is a massive .stone gateway that leads to the club-house. The driveway as you enter is flanked on either side by a pretty little lake upon which a flock of swans are to be seen sailing over the surface. In one of these lakes is a miniature fountain. The driveway winds several times through the trees and crosses a beautiful ravine, through which tumbles a pretty little mountain brook, which frequently forms small cas- cades as it rushes over the rocks. In this ravine is a little thatched summer house which encloses what was once the famous Chalybeate Spring. Just on the top of thc knoll is another thatch-covered summer house, where one may enjoy the unobstructed breezes in any direction. Beneath this is a deep cellar wliicli was formerly an ice house, which always contained an abundant supply of ice for the use of the guests. A leading feature of the club at the present time is the famous sport of golf which has become the most popular game throughout the country. A correspondent of the N. Y. Tribnue, May, 1896, gives the following description of the grounds, etc : "The Esse.x County Country Club, of Orange, N. J., which adopted golf in its list of sports a year or two ago, is having a new course laid out on a large and carefulh' arranged plan. A part of the ground now used in Hutton Park will be included in the new links, but the design is entirely changed and a large additional tract of land will be included. Alexander Fiiday, the club's professional, has men constanth' at work upon the course. He expects that it will be finished soon, but se\eral hard rains are needed before it will be ready for use. ENTRANCE TO COUNTRY CI.l'B GROINDS. >56 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. " Tlie first tee is near the club stables. From it the hole is invisible, being placed just over the edge of a little knoll. The line of play is narrow and straight, a deep ravine on the left hand and an old toboggan slide on the right forming hazards to punish crooked drives. Rough country must be crossed to reach the second hole, which is near the Mount Pleasant Road. The third comes back again in the direction of the club-house, the green, which is unusually large, being placed in an old garden, near a small stone house. The fourth hole will be e.xtremely long and difficult. The line runs through the woods and there is at one place a ravine, over which Finlay has thrown a bridge, so that the good driver may follow his ball. The unlucky novice will not need this bridge, for he will be down in the depths of the ravine searching for lost balls. From the fourth until the ninth or home hole is reached the ground covered is about the same as that now in use. The last hole is short, but a broad, deep chasm to be crossed makes it formidable enough. At various places on the links there are bunkers of a kind not commonly seen. They are composed of stumps of trees with the roots still clinging to them, packed so closely together as to be sure traps for a ball that hits them. "The Essex County members are playing now for the June Cup, given for the best scratch score handed in this month. Contestants may enter as often as they please. The record is now held b\- T. H. Powers Farr, with a score of 84; C. H. Lee holds the next best score, having made the course in 88; Among the other players who are trying for the cup are: Thomas W)man Porter, Richard Colgate, William Runkel, Austin Colgate, Mantiin 15. Metcalf, H. T. Kissam, .S. M. Colgate and William Bloodgood." The Polo club con- nected with the Country- Club enjo\-s exceptional facilities for the practice of this favorite sport, and some of the most expert riders and best horsemen in the country are found among its members; several of these are also members of the Essex Troop. To those who prefer in-door amusement to out-door sports, the club-house affords ample accommo- dations. It has one of the finest ball rooms in the country and it is no uncommon thing to see two hundred to three hundred persons gath- ered here on Saturday evening enjoying this favorite pastime. It reminds one of long ago when the elite from every part of the country were gathered at this famous hostlery enjoying the minuet, the Virginia reel and all the well-known dances of the period. Truly, history repeats itself while the world moves on. Many famous people of old have met in this old mansion and there are those living to-day who insist that Lafayette spent the day and part of a night there during his second visit to this country in 1824, and that he danced the minuet with some of the fair ladies of Orange. To those who accept the statement it adds one more to the many delightful reminiscences connected with this old place. One can enjoy here all the advantages of a first-class hotel, either a tablf ifltote dinner or a "pay 1 \KK AMI IDINIAIN 1 .N FKllNl' OF THE COUNTRY CLUB-HOUSE. HLTIi'S /?. ^^yr^^^J^^^^/.^f y-H. POWERS rAf>^- OFFICERS OF COUNTRY CLUB. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 257 your money and take your choice" meal. Tlie rooms are large, well-ventilatcd and supplied with every modern convenience. The membership is select, the members are sociable ; while card playing is a favor- ite amusement, gambling is strictly prohibited. For riding members the dues are fixed at eighty-five dollars, and for other members sixty dollars a year. The officers and Board of Governors are composed of leading business and professional men of the highest character. Officers: President, Henry A. Page; Vice-President, Frederick Frelinghuysen ; Secretary, T. H. Powers Farr; Treasurer, R. Wayne Parker. Board of Governors: Frederick Frelinghuysen. Henry A. Page, John Marshall, R. Wayne Parker, Dr. William Pierson, L. V. liooraem, John C. Wilmcrding, John P. Rafferty, Oscar Willigerod, J. E. Fleming, Dr. Leslie D. Ward, G. I. Herbert, T. H. Powers Farr, Stephen J. Meeker, Frank Q. Barstow. Perso.VNEL of the Cl.un. While a large number of the members have participated in the %'arious means of entertainment provided by the club, there are a few wlio have been especially active in the management of its afTairs and arc worthy of special mention. Henry A. Page, the President of the club, is too well known in the Oranges to require any extended notice. The fact that he was one of the organizers of the club and that he has been its President from the beginning is the best evidence of his fitness for the position and of the confidence reposed in him by his fellow-members. Mr. Page has been prominent in all the social affairs of the Oranges for the past twenty-five or thirty years. His own home is one of the most beautiful and picturesque along the slope of the mountain. He was associated with John G. Vose in the laying out and improving of that part of South Orange known as Montrose. They built the depot at Montrose station and made other improvements at their own expense. In order to save the principal thoroughfares and beautiful avenues between South Orange and Orange from invasion by railroad corporations, he constructed, at his own expense, the present trolley road from South Orange to Orange through private and mostly unimproved property. Naturally of a retiring disposition, declining all public honors, he is nevertheless one of the most public-spirited citizens in South Orange and a liberal contributor to public improvements. His contribution of $1,000 to the Free Library is only one of the many evidences of his large-hearted liberality. Frederick Frelinghuysen, Vice-President, was one of the incorporators of the club and has been an active participant in its affairs from the beginning and has been continuously a member of its Board of Governors. He is chairman of the Committee on Real Estate, his experience in this line being of great service to the club in its real estate transactions. Mr. Frelinghuysen belongs to one of the best known families in the State. His father, Hon. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, was Secretarj- of State under President Arthur, and the family has been conspicuous in public affairs for more than a century. Mr. Frelinghuysen is a graduate of Rutgers College and a practising lawyer in Newark. He is President of the Howard Savings Bank, of Newark, President of the Esse.x Club, Secretary of the Sinking Fund Commission, etc. His interest in the affairs of the Country Club is quite equal to that of any resident member or officer. T. H. Powers Farr, Secretary of the club, has been one of its most active members from the beginning. He was a prominent member of the Essex County Hunt. He was captain of the polo team of the Country Club for some years, but owing to an injury received while riding he was obliged to give it up. Since then he has given his attention to the golf club, which he organized and of which he is the mainstay, fie is an enthusiastic sportsman and is chairman of the Out-door Sports Committee, and all the out-door sports are under his supervision. R. Wayne Parker. Treasurer, is a resident of Hutton Park and has been a member of the club for the past three years. He is an enthusiastic sportsman, especially fond of riding and is an officer of the Essex County Troop. He is a son of the Hon. Cortlandt Parker, and stands at the head of his profession as a lawyer. He represented his Congressional district in the last Congress. The Riding and Driving Club, of Orange. This organization grew out of a class formed for ring riding, which had been in existence for two previous seasons and held their rides at the old Riding Academy in North Clinton Street. The members of this riding class found so much interest manifested 258 The Founders and Ri'ilders of the Oranges. in horseback riding that thty determined to form a permanent organization, and on June 8, 1892, the articles of incorporation of the Riding Club, of Orange, were duly filed and the corporation was formed under the general corporation act of the State of New Jersey. The incorporators were: Louis A. Chandler, William J. Berg, Henry G. Atwater, Charles Hathawaj', W'illiam F". Oatman, James H. Dill, William M. Franklin, Edward P. Ailing, Robert \V. Hawkesworth, Appleton D. Palmer, Floyd B. Wilson, Richard N. Dyer, William A. Brewer. Jr . Louis O. Hedden, Henry A. Page, James Bingham, Franklin M. Ring, Charles R. Hedden and Frank H. LaPierre. On June i, 1895, the name of the club was changed to the Riding and Driving Club, of Orange. Among the gentlemen most active in its organization were: Charles Hathaway. James B. Dill, William M. Franklin, William C. Horn, Edward P. Ailing, Charles R. Hedden, Edward M. Colie, Henry G. Atwater, Frank H. LaPierre, Henry A. Page, Charles A. Sterling and Sylvester Judd, all of whom were charter members. The first ofificers elected were: Charles Hathaway, President; Edward P. Ailing, Treasurer, and Henry G. Atwater, Secretary. Mr. Hathaway has remained its President ever since, having been elected every year. The objects, as set forth in the articles of incorporation, are: "To conduct within said township and State an organization for social and recreative purposes, and to associate together persons interested in the use and management of horses, especially riding and driving, and to facilitate and encourage the practice thereof. And for that purpose to erect and maintain suitable buildings, including club-house, an enclosed riding ring, stables and such other accessories as may be desired or required where the use and management of horses can be taught and the training thereof be practised. The management of the property and affairs of this club, except as otherwise provided in these by-laws, shall be vested in a Board of Directors, consisting of fifteen active members, who shall be elected by the active members of the club." Immediately upon its organization the club rented the Riding Academy in Clinton Street and continued there for two years. In the summer of 1892, a lot was purchased on Halsted Street, with an L running through to Prospect Place, and in Februar)-, 1S95, the present buildings were completed. The lot has a frontage of 100 feet on Halsted Street, running back about 200 feet, together with an L 30 feet wide running through to Prospect Place, which is used as an entrance and exit for horses and carriages, and another L 100 feet wide extending to within 100 feet of Main Street, which is used as a stable. The riding ring is one of the largest in the country having a clear space of 92 x 120 feet. The stable has accommodations for sixtj'-five horses and there is ample space for storing carriages and for supplies of all kinds. The present membership of the club in iio and has been ra])idl\- growing since the club entered into possession of its own building. In December, 1895, the club held a horse show lasting four da\s which was very largely attended, and in which were exhibited horses not only from Orange and vicinity, but from all parts of the country, many of the prize winners of the New York horse show having been brought there for exhibition. In April, 1896, the club held an amateur circus, at which there were exhibitions of riding by the members and the usual accessories of an old-fashioned country circus. During the winter season, from November to May, a music ride is held every Thursday evening, at which there is class riding and also exhibitions of fancy riding, games on horseback and jumping. The club owns its grounds and building as well as a large number of horses fi)r the use of members. The approximate value of the club's property in its land, building and e(|ui[)ments is $50,000. The officers and directors of the club are : President, Charles Hathaway; Vice-President, William C. Horn; Treasurer, H. G. Atwater; Secretary, Theodore Wilson. Executive Committee: E. M. Colie, James G. Marshall, C. B. Gregory, H. G. Atwater, William C. Horn. Finance Committee: Charles A. Sterling, E. M. Colie, W. C. Horn. Ring and Stable Committee: Charles B. Gregory, E. M. Colie, James G.Marshall. House Committee: J. L. Seward, J. C. Cassidy, Charles B. Gregory. Membership Committee : H. A. Mandeville, J. L. Seward, Theodore Wilson, James G. Marshall, Charles A. Sterling. Thk Founders and Huii.ders of the Oranges. 259 Orange Whist Ci.UH. The favorite game of whist has of late years become more popular than ever. Clubs have been ori,fanized in various jiarts of the country which have not onl)- led to friendly contests but to the organization of a National Congress. The Orange Whist Club was organized October 2, 1894, by Messrs. S. T. Varian, T. K. Otis, G. W. Wallis. G. E. Zippel, E. C. Herring. H. A. Hottenroth, J. W. Hatt, L. P. Moller, II. Eldridge and L. C. Freeman. The first officers, who still continue, were: S. T. Varian, President; 1'. E. Otis, Vice-President; E. C. Herring, Secretary; G. E. Zippel, Treasurer; G. W. Wallis, Chairman Card Committee. The club now has a membership of fifty, and is said to have the strongest whist team in New Jersey. CHAPTER XVII. THE BUILDERS OF ORANGE. jL GENEALOGICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL. >-TT|^^] 1 1 E K E are doubtless many individuals who, during the past half century, have con- *a\ 'fffr' ; tributed materially to the growth of Orange and ought to be noticed in a work of •yTfl .'>f\(^ I this character, but the difficulty of obtaining data regarding those who have passed •■;: ^ ^ awa)- or who have moved to other localities, and the unwillingness or inability of ^V^fj^ - many of those of the present generation to supply the necessary information, nccessi- \t 1 - tates the omission of much interesting personal and family history. The names and .^^:\^ record of many who have been conspicuous as Builders of Orange will be found in J \^ .'^ their proper place among the descendants of the Founders. ^1^ THE LIGHTHIPE FAMILY. The Lighthipes stand first in chronological order as Builders of tlie Oranges, their connection with Orange beginning two years after it was set off from Newark as a separate township. From that time to the present they have been constantly identified with the growth and prosperity of the township, town and city of Orange, in all of which Charles A. Lighthipe, the present representative, lias borne a conspicuous part. John Lighthipe, the ancestor of the family, came from Hrunsuick, Germany, about the beginning of the Revolution and immediately joined the Continental Army, serving faithfully until the close of the war. He then settled at Pompton Plains, N. J., and drew a pension until his death. He was a man of means and considerable influence in the community, lie married Mary Duffy, whose parents were natives of Scotland. Charles Lighthipe, a son of the ancestor, was born at Pompton, N. J. He removed to Orange in l8o8 aud was one of the leading manufacturers of that period. He built what is still known as the Lighthipe homestead on Main Street, near Jefferson, and had his factory on the same property. He was a man of strict integrity and honesty, and highly respected. He married Maria S. Condit, born April 25, 1789, daughter of Capt. Moses and Hannah (Smith) Condit. His father was a private in the Revolutionary War, and took part in the battle of Monmouth. 1 le was also a Captain of Militia in the War of 1812. He was a ruling elder in the First Presbyterian Church from 1805 until his death, in 1838. He was a brother of Dr. John Condit, a distinguished officer of the Revolution and for thirty years Representative and Senator in Congress. Charles Alexander LlGiixnirE, youngest son of Charles and Maria (Condit) Lighthipe, was born in Orange, at the homestead of his father, on Main Street, near Jefferson, October 11, 1824, and attended the little village school which was then located opposite St. Mark's Church, and the old Orange Academy on Main Street. He served his time at hat making and afterwards became the leading manufacturer in the business under the firm name of C. A. Lighthipe & Co. He carried on a successful manufacturing business for nearly twenty years, and was known from one end of the country to the other. He was one of the first to adopt the use of machinery which resulted in a large increase of his business. In 1865 he became interested in the hat-forming business, introducing the newly-invented hat-forming machine which produced a better grade of work with much less labor. He sold out his hat CHARLES A. LIGHTHIPE. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 261 business in 1863 and became interested in tiie patent forniini^ business, preparing the material used by the hat manufacturers. He purchased a lar^e factory property at Milburn where lie carried on the business successfully for many years, until the expiration of the patents, wlien, owiiif^ to the strong competition, it was no lonj^er remunerative. Mr. Lighthipe was one of the pioneers in the development of Orange and West Orange. He cut through and laid out Central Avenue from Centre Street to Valley Road. He was associated with Mr. Everett in the opening of North Jefferson Street, and was also instrumental in laying out Bell Street and a part of Essex Avenue. He and Mr. Everett opened Lincoln Avenue from Main Street to Highland Avenue, and named it in honor of President Lincoln. He owned, altogether, betweeii seventy-five and one hundred acres. In connection with Mr. Haskell, he opened Park Avenue from the Orange line to Valley road, in West Orange. He spent large sums of money in the improvement and development of this property. He also opened New England Terrace. Mr. Lighthipe was elected President of the Orange Bank on January 8, 1862, as the successor of Dr. Babbit, and continued in that position for twenty-three years, resigning January 13, 1885. His adminstration of its affairs was wise and judicious and during this period the bank grew from a small country bank to one of the strongest financial institutions in the State of New Jersey. It was during Mr. Lighthipe's administration that the bank was changed from a State to a National bank. When he assumed charge of its affairs in 1862 the stock was below par; when he resigned the stock was worth 175, and paid 10 per cent, per annum dividends. In 1864-5 he represented his native town in the State Legislature. He was an active director of the Morris & Essex Railroad Company until that road was leased to the D. L. & W. R. R. Co. Every business enterprise with which Mr. Lighthipe has been connected has proved successful. For more than thirty years he has been a director in the American Insurance Co., of Newark, one of the most successful insurance companies in the State of New Jersey. He has also been a director in the Citizens' Gas Company almost from the date of its organization. In 1888 Mr. Lighthipe assisted in organizing the United States Industrial Insurance Company, of Newark, of which he is Vice- President and Treasurer. This, the second life insurance company in New Jersey operated on the industrial plan, bids fair to rival its older competitors. Mr. Lighthipe brought to bear a successful business experience of nearly half a century and has devoted all his energies to the development of this wise and beneficent plan of life insurance which enables the industrial classes to participate in its benefits. Mr. Lighthipe has been too much engrossed in business affairs to participate in the public affairs of his native township, but has worked faithfully in the interests of good government and contributed liberally to public improvements of every kind. He is a man of broad and liberal ideas and of generous impulses. In religious matters his interests have been with St. Mark's Episcopal Church, of which he has been for many years a warden and of which his sainted mother was one of the earliest members. Mr. Lighthipe married Sarah, daughter of Caleb Smith, son of Samuel, son of David, son of James Smith, the ancestor, who married the daughter of Deacon Azariah Crane, the founder of Cranetown, now Montclair. The issue of this marriage is Charles Francis, Arthur Nichols, Herbert, Ernest, Florence and Sarah M. Charles Francis, the eldest son of Mr. Lighthipe, was born in Orange, May 25, 1853: graduated at Harvard College, in 1875 ; read law in the office of Blake & Freeman, at Orange; attended Columbia College Law School; was admitted to the bar as an attorney in 1878, and as counsellor in 1881 ; is a practicing lawyer in Orange. DANIEL BABBIT, M. D. Dr. Babbit was born at Mendon, Morris County, N. J., August 3, 1788. He graduated at Princeton College and began the practice of medicine in Orange in 18 lO. He was a successful practitioner for over thirtj- years, and one of the most public-spirited citizens of his day. Shortly before his death he remarked to Dr. Pierson that when he came to Orange there was not a shade tree in the town. Moved by this deficiency he procured from Mendon, his native place (about 1814), a number of buttonwood trees which he set out himself in front of his residence, on the west corner 262 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. of Essex and Main Streets, also in front and around the First Presbyterian Church and other places. He distributed a number of trees among those who were willing to plant them. To this public-spirited act must be traced the practice of setting out shade trees which has made the streets of Orange such an ornament to the place. He encouraged public enterprises of every character, and was earnest in his efforts to promote the building of railroads in the State and in securing railroad communication between Orange and New York. He was long a director of the Morris and Essex Railroad Company. He assisted in organizing the Orange Bank and succeeded Stephen D. Day as its President. Ur. Babbit was elected councilman of the town of Orange from the Second Ward at the first election after the incorporation. He was a member of the Board of Freeholders and was chairman of the Auditing Committee. He was one of the trustees of the Orange Academy and was interested in everything tending to ])romote the cause of education. He was one of the early members of Union Lodge, No. II, F. & A. M , and served as W.-. M.-. from 1S19 to 1824, and was prominent in Masonic affairs throughout the State. He remained loyal to the Order during the anti-Masonic excitement and when work was resumed by the Order in 1846 he was among the first to resume his labors in the Lodge. He was installed as Grand Master of Masons of the State of New Jersey, at Jersey City, DANIEL BABBIT, M. D. February 9, 1856, and held the position for one year, and continued active in the interests of the fraternity up to the time of his death Although his early religious education was received under the fostering care of the Presbyterian Church, he became identified with St. Mark's Episcopal Church, of Orange, soon after its organization, and was vestryman and warden for a number of years and represented the parish at the Convention of the Diocese. Dr. Babbit was twice married. His first wife was Nancy, daughter of Noah Matthews, of Orange. The issue of this marriage was Noah Matthews, William Matthews, Daniel Clinton, Phebe Louise, who married W. H. Vermilyea. He married, secondly, Charlotte Stryker, by whom he had one child, Charlotte Elizabeth. THE STETSON FAMILY. The Stetsons have been prominently connected with the hat industry of Orange for more th.in half a century. Of the early history of this branch of the family little is known, except that Stephen Stetson, the first of the name in Orange, came from Connecticut, where all the descendants of the immigrant ancestor have been settled for more than two hundred years. Stephen Stetson, of Orange, was probably a grandson of Stephen, born 1762, son of William (2), born 1738, son of William (i), born 1700, son of Robert (2), born 1653, son of Robert Stetson, born in Scotland 1612, settled in Scituate, Mass., in 1634. He was cornet of the first Horse Company raised in Plymouth, Mass., 1658-9, and was known as "Cornet Robert." In 1661 he was chosen a member of the Council of War and held that position for more than twenty years. The Stephen Stetson referred to above came to Orange in the thirties and established a hat manufactory on the east branch of the Rahway River, where the present " No Name" hat manufactory is now located. He did a successful business for many years and estab- lished a reputation for the superior quality of his goods. ]5y his marriage with Susan Batterson, of Westport, Conn., he had twelve children. Four of his sons continued in the same line of business. HeNRV T. Stetson, the eldest son of Stephen and Susan Stetson, was born ^Lly 4. 1S17. He learned the hatter's trade with exceptional thoroughness and early engaged in business on his own account and as partner with his brother, Napoleon Stetson. As a business man he was one of the brightest, most energetic ant! successful of his period. In the early fifties his name stood first on the list of the hat manufacturers of Orange, and he employed a larger force of workmen than any of his competitors. He was cut off in the very prime of life, August 8, 1853, while coining from New York on the then New Jersey — now Pennsylvania — Railroad. While crossing the bridge over the Hackensack River the locomotive whistle was blown to warn some laborers near the track. The passengers on the The Founders and JJuilders of the Oranges. 263 train became frijjhtcned, and Mr. Stetson attcmptetl to tlirow himself from tlie window but struck his head against tlie beams of the structure enclosing the bridge and was instantly killed. Mr. Stetson was best known in Orange for his business capacity, fine social qualities and his goodness of heart. He exemplified the motto borne on the arms of his early English ancestors, Vir/us Nobilitat Omnia — virtue ennobles all things. He is remembered by many of the ])rcsent day for his energy and activity in the promotion of all enterprises into which he embarked. The man\- organizations which have since made Orange famous as a philanthro[)ic community had no existence in his day. Had there been any sucii, however, he would ha\e been first and foremost to engage in them. He loved his fellow-men and sympathized w ith tlicni in their misfortunes, and was ever ready to lend a helping hand at whatever cost or personal sacrifice. His many virtues are still cherished in loving remembrance by those who knew him. He married Susan Campbell, and had three children, only one of whom, Horace, is now living. Napoleon Stetson, second son of Stephen Stetson, succeeded to the business of H. T. & N. Stetson until the financial depression of 1873. His impaired health for some years past has prevented him from engaging in business of any kind. He has resided for many years at his old homestead in the Valley, spending his winters in Florida. He was for many years an active member of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., having been " entered," " passed " and " raised " in that Lodge in 1846, and is at the present time the oldest living member. He has been twice married. His first wife was Mary Leonard, by whom he had seven children, of whom Ella, Emma, Clara Louise and Kate Loraine are respectively married to John N. Lindsley, D. Axford Vanhorne, George Strawbridge, of Philadelphia, and Philip F. Timpson. Harry Stetson, the only son, is President of the No Name Hat Manufacturing Company, and is now a member of the Orange Common Council. John B. Stet.son', the founder of the great Philadelphia house, which has earned a world-wide reputation for producing the highest grade of goods, is the third son of Stephen, and was born and educated in Orange, N. J., and learned the trade of his father. His efforts in behalf of his workmen have given him a national reputation and placed him among the great philanthropists of the present age. Charles W. Stetson, the fourth son of Stephen, was at one time a partner of John H. Stetson, in the business of hat manufacturing, but for several years, on account of his bad health, he has been compelled to live upon a farm and has resided in one of the suburbs of Philadelphia. Horace Stetson, second son of Henry T. and Susan Stetson, was born in Orange, April 7, 1848. He was but five years of age when he was left an orphan. From the time he began his professional career he has been wholly dependent on his own resources. His early education was acquired at private schools, his preparatory course, in 1 861-2, being at what was then known as Mt. Washington Institute, on Washington Square, New York City. He graduated from Columbia College in 1866, and read law in the office of John L. Blake, Esq., of Orange. He entered Columbia College Law School in 1S67, graduating in i86g, and was admitted to the bar of New Jersey the same year. He was elected City Clerk in May, 1871, and held that position continuous!}' for more than twenty-three years, under several administrations opposed to him [joliticall)', until June i, 1894, when he resigned. He was one of the most p()])ular officers who ever held a similar position in Esse.x County, and lawyers and laymen alike who were brought into close relations with him cherish with grateful remembrance his courteous treat- ment, his kindly manner, his cheerful disposition and readiness to assist them in the work connected with his office. In 1873 Mr. Stetson was made Assistant Treasurer of the Half Dime Savings Bank and in 1883 became its Treasurer. At the beginning of his connection with the affairs of the bank, the number of depositors was about 800 and the amount of deposits S75.000; there are now 5,000 depositors and nearly $800,000 on deposit, with a clear surplus of over $1 10,000. Mr. Stetson has been connected with the Board of Education as its Secretary for nearly a quarter of a century, having been appointed to that position in 1873. He is a Pa.st Master of Corinthian Lodge, No 57, F. & A. M., in which he was made a M. M., and is also a member of Orange Chapter, R. A. M. In 1S76 Mr. Stetson married 264 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Eva J. Adams, daughter of Emery H. Adams, a descendant of Henry Adams, of Rraintree, Mass., the progenitor of Presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, and other distinguished members of the Adams family. Two daughters and three sons are the issue of this marriage. Henry Stetson, .sixth child of Napoleon and Mary (Leonard) Stetson, was born at the homestead on Tompkins Street, January 12, 1857. After receiving a fair education at the public schools of his native town he entered the hat manufactory known at present as the No Name Hat Manufacturing Company, and in the course of a few years mas- tered the mechanical details of the business, and when the No Name Company was organized in 1882, with John B. Stetson as President, he became a stockholder and actively interested in the success of the business and when the company was reorganized in 1893 he was made President. It is one of the leading houses in the country and goods made by it are known from Maine to Cali- fornia. Mr. Stetson has exhibited great capacity and executive force in bringing the business to its present condition. He possesses many of the qualities that distinguished his grandfather and will no doubt make his mark in the world. The goods made by his company have attained such a wide reputation that the strong competition has but little effect on the business. The customers stand by Mr. Stetson knowing that they can always rely on his statements regarding the quality of goods. Mr. Stetson has recently become quite prominent in public affairs. He adheres to the Jeffersonian school of Democracy as did his father and grandfather. He has represented his ward — the third — in the Orange Common Council for the past three years and has received the nomina- tion for a second term. He is the third represent- ative of his family in Union Lodge, F. & A. M.. both his father and grandfather having preceded him. Mr. Stet.son was a member of the Orange Board of Trade up to the time of its dissolution. In 1882 he married Cornelia, daughter of James Wilson, of Orange, son of Moses J., a direct descendant of John Wilson, one of the Elizabethtown Associates. They have one child, Stephen Leonard, born in 1887. THE KINQSLEY FAHILY. The first representative of the legal profession in Orange. One of the inducements held out by the early settlers of Newark to encourage immigration was that there were no lawyers in the new settlement and it was many years before the legal profession received due recognition — not, in fact, until the land troubles brought many of the inhabitants to the verge of ruin. The Mountain Society trusted to their good dominie to draw up all their legal documents and to defend them against the unjust claims of the Lords Proprietors. The first representative of the legal profession in Orange and the first settler in this locality from the State of Vermont, was Philip Kingsley, who was evidently attracted by the great real estate boom that grew out of the discovery- of the Chal)-- beate Springs and which at that time drew people from all parts of the country. Althougli a native of Vermont, Mr. Kingsley represented the old Massachusetts family of this name. HENRY STETSON. TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 265 John Kin<,'slcy, tlic cmi<^i;int ancestor, was born at Hampshire, Enj,dand, anil was one of the oripfinal purchasers of Taunton, Mass. He removed thence to Dorchester, in 1635 and became one of tlie founders of that town. The children of John Kingslcy were : Eldad, born i6^S, £»os, Edward, Renewall. Enos Kingsley, son of John Kingsley, was born in Dorchester, Mass., about 1640, and settled in Northampton, Mass. He married, June 15, 1662, Sarah, daughter of Edmund Ifaynes, of Springfield, and hatl issue, Ann : Samuel, born 1675 ; Remember, born 1677, died soon ; Hannah, born 168 r. Peleg Kingsley, a descendant of Enos in the fifth or sixth generation, was born in Northampton, Mass., September 3, 1767, and removed thence to Brattleboro, Vt., about the beginning of the present century. He married Anna Mason, horn November 7, 1772, died July ig, 1842. They had sons Philip, George Pliny anil other chililrcn. Philip Kingsley, probably a grandson of Samuel (2), was born March 28, 1799, in Brattleboro, Vt., his father having removed to that place from Northampton, Mass. In the History of Brattleboro, he and his brother Pliny are mentioned among the collegiate graduates of that place. He came to New Jersey as a young man and taught school at Caldwell. He studied law in the office of Hon. Theodore Frelinghuysen, of Newark, and was admitted to the New Jersey Bar as an attorne\- in the spring of 1828, and settled in Orange the same year, where he began practice. He was not only the first, but for many years the only lawyer in the place. There was considerable manufacturing in Orange at this time, and real estate had alread\- received quite an impetus. Mr. Kingsley soon acquired a lucrative practice. He was a man of kindlj' and generous disposition, and although it was against his own inteiests he alwaj-s discouraged litigation. He was friendU' to all, generous to the poor, never taking advantage of a debtor. Said one who had known him intimatel)' for years, " I think he was the best man I ever knew." He was highly respected for his legal abilities and strict integrity. On May 24, 1852, a meeting of the Bar of Esse.x County was held at the Court House in Newark, and the following resolutions adopted : " Resolved, That wc have heard with regret of the death of our friend ami brother. Philip Kingsley, Esq. "That in his death we are called upon to lament the loss of a member of the Esse.x Bar who was ever distinguished by courtesy toward his fellows in the profession and bj- liberality toward all those with whom he came in contact. "That by his appreciation of business and fidelity to the interests of his client, he has set us an e.xample worthy of imitation. "That we wear the usual badge of mourning for the space of thirty days. "That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the papers of the count}- ami that a copy of these resolutions be sent to the family of our deceased friend, and that the chairman be requested to apply to the Esse.x County Courts at their ne.xt term for leave to spread them upon their records." Similar action was taken by Union Lodge, No. 11, F. & A. M., of Orange, of which Mr. Kingsley was long a worth)' member and served as Worshipful Master from 1846 to 1849. 1 he resolutions stated that society had " lost an honest, upright and useful man ; the poor, a generous and confiiling friend, and the Lodge a worthy and beloved member," and that "the remembrance of his many virtues exercised both as a man and as a mason, shall be sacredh' cherished in our hearts until, like him, we shall all have passed 'to that bourne from whence no traveller returns.'" Mr. Kingsley married liomana A., daughter of John Morris Lindsley (.see Lindsley family), and by her had three children — a daughter who died young, George Pliny and Philip. George Plinv Kingslev, eldest son of Philip and Romana A. (Lindsley) Kingsley, was born in Orange, May 12, 1842, at the homestead on Day Street, where the present High School is now located. His preparatory course of study was received at the Newark Academy and he was graduated at the University of the City of New York in 1863, and later at Columbia College Law School. He read law in the office of John L. Blake, Esq., in Orange, and was admitted to practice as an attornej- in 1866, 266 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges, and as counsellor in 1875, and has continued in active practice for more than thirty years. During this period he has been at times connected with various business and other enterprises. He has been treasurer of the Orange Savings Bank, previous to which he was secretary; his connection with this institution dating from 1865. He was a leading spirit in the founding of the Memorial Hospital, of Orange, and has continued his interest in this work. While identified with the Republican party, he has never had any ambition for public office. He was one of the early members of the New England Society, of Orange, having joined it within a few months after its organization. He was for some time a member of the Board of Education and is still interested in its affairs. He has been connected with the Rosedale Cemetery as treasurer since 1875. As a lawyer he is careful, painstaking, reliable and thorough. He holds at the present time (1896) the position of City Counsel. He is of a quiet, unassuming disposition and inherits many of the traits for which his honored father was distinguished. Mr. Kingsley married Abby H. Mason, daughter of Timothy B. Mason, of Cincinnati, Ohio. THE BLAKE FAMILY. Among the first of the New York accessions to the old township of Orange after 1840 was Rev. John L. Blake, D. D., who came here in 1842 and purchased the John Fleming property, on the west side of Centre .Street, about three-quarters of a mile north of South Orange Avenue. The tract consisted of thirty-two acres, upon which he built a modest dwelling-house, removing to and occupying the same in 1846. It was then and for some time thereafter, one of the twelve dwellings on Centre Street between the present Henry Street and Jeptha Baldwin's home on South Orange Avenue. He was preceded in the township by Andrew P. Pillot, Charles A. Heckscher and Matthias O. Halsted, of the New York party. No one was quicker than he to anticipate the growth and development of the district, aiul in the spring of 1857 he opened Tremont Avenue through his property, between Centre Street and the present Berkeley Avenue, in connection with the work of James R. Gilmore westward to the present Ridgewood Road. Tremont Avenue was then the only "cross road "— from Centre Street to Scotland Street^in the whole territory lying south of Main Street. This was the beginning of the improvements in that particular section of the township. Rev. John Lauris Blake, D. D., was of the fifth generation in lineal descent from Jasper Blake and Deborah, his wife, of Hampton, N. H. The early history of Jasper is unknown, but it is said that he went to Hampton before 1649 and that he was married soon after his arrival. His wife was sister of two famous men — Philemon and Timothy Dalton, the last named being the first "teacher" of the church in that place. The line of descent of John L. Blake is through Timothy, died 1718; Israel, born 1683, settled in Nottingham, N. H.; Joseph, born 171 1, and Jonathan, born 1754. Jonathan, the father of John Lauris, settled in the town of Northwood, N. H., and married Mary Dow, one of the descendants of Henry Dow, who came to New Hampshire about 1645. John Lauris Blake was bom in Northwood, N. H., December 21, 1788. His baptismal name was simply John, but after he became a student he adopted the middle name of Lauris. When a boy he alternately worked on his father's farm and attended the district school. Showing a taste for mechanics at twelve years of age, he was apprenticed to a cabinet maker and afterwards labored as a journeyman in Salem, Mass. While there he joined the Tabernacle Church and resolved to enter the ministry. He entered Philips' Exeter Academy, where he remained two years and afterward taught school for several months at Bedford, Mass. He entered the sophomore class of Brown University, at Providence, R. L, from which he was graduated in 1812. After his graduation and until 1814 he studied theology, and was also employed as the master of the Westminster School, in Providence. He was licensed to preach by the Rhode Island Association of Congregational Ministers in 1813, but becoming interested in the Episcopal Church he was ordained deacon by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Griswold, in 18 15. His honesty and consistency were so well understood by his former associates in the ministry that he did not lose the friendship of a single one of them because of his changed relations. He began a mission in Pawtucket, near Providence, in May. 1815; organized St. Paul's parish and upon the day of his consecration, in Tin; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 267 1816, was made rector. He remained there until 1820, when he returned to New Hampshire and took charge of the churches in Concord and Hopkinton. He also established in Concord a school foi young ladies. In this enterprise he was eminently successful. He continued his religious work at the same time. He removed his school to Boston in 1822, remaining at its head until 1830 and making for it a high reputation. From 1824 till 1832, when, because of ill-health, he was compelled to give up preach- ing, he was rector of St. Matthew's Church, in Boston, and subsequently he devoted himself entirely to literary work. He was editor of the Literary Advertiser and the Gospel Aihocate and was an active member of the Boston school committee for several years: he also contributed largely to the secular press. His most important publication at this time was his "General Biographical Dictionary," on which he spent five years of arduous labor. He wrote or compiled about fifty volumes, mostly te.xt books, embracing treatises on astronomy, chemistry, natural philosophy, botany, geography and history. His first work was a Text Book of Geography and Chronology (1814). His " Biographical Dictionary" was published in New York in 1835, and just before his death he jniblished a revised edition of the same under the title of "Universal Biographical Dictionary" (Philadelphia, 1857). During his long residence in Orange and up to the day of his death, he continued his religious work and was one of the most active supporters of St. Mark's Episcopal Church, frequently ofificiatino in the absence of the rector. Mr. Biake died July 6, 1857, at the age of 69. His first marriage was June 25, 1814, to Louisa Gray Richmond, of Providence, R. I. She died January 3, 1S16, a few days after the birth of her only child, Henry Kirkc, who was lost at sea July 4, 1834. He was married again on December 6, 1816, to Mary Howe, youngest daughter of Samson and Huldah (Davis) Howe, of Killingly, Conn. His children were Alexander Viets, born 1818; Louisa Richmond, born 1822, married George F. Tyler, of Philadelphia ; John Lauris, born March 25, 183 1. Bishop George W. Doane, of New Jersey, who knew him well, said of him ; " He was not a common man. He was born in love with learning. Authorship was his occupation. His was a shrewd, sagacious, practical mind. There was no nonsense in it, no ambiguity, no superfluity. He was a good man; he was a true friend; he was a philosopher in the best sense of the word; lie was a real churchman ; he was a pious Christian. His memory is blessed." THE EVERITT FAMILY. Isaac J. Everitt. At the time of his death Mr. Everitt was one of the oldest and most prosperous merchants of Orange. He was the third child of John D. and Roxanna (Decker) Everitt, was born at Montague, Sussex County, N. J., December 5, 1825, died in Orange in November, 1875. He was a descendant in the fourth generation of Jacob Everitt, who came to this country in 1755 and settled in Hunterdon County, N. J. When he was seven years old his parents removed to Sandiston, Susse.x County, where he began life as a clerk in his father's store. Three years later he bought out Mr. Day's interest in the business and became junior member of the new firm of Bailey & Everitt. Mr. Everitt always took a great interest in town affairs. It was principally through his influence that the first telegraph line was brought to Orange, the ofifice being originall)' in the old store and afterward in Library building. He was one of the original republicans in Orange, and an ardent supporter of the government during the war. When Orange was incorporated Mr. Everitt was acti\e in securing the passage of the charter. He was for some years a director of the Orange Savings Bank and a director of the Republic Trust company, of Newark, and was also a director of the Orange National Bank, but withdrew at the time of the change in its administration. He was also treasurer of the Rosedale Cemetery Company until his death. He was for many years the appraiser for all insurance companies desirous of effecting loans on property in this vicinity, and his was accepted as the standard valuation on Orange property. Mr. Everitt was one of the most active members of the Joint Water Committee, and it was owing to his individual efforts that the experiments were made which resulted in a plentiful supply of water for Orange. At the time when the work upon the streets was being done in an imperfect manner and that part of th.e city's expense was costing thousands of dollars for which there did not appear to be 268 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. adequate results, Mr. Everitt volunteered to take the office of Street Commissioner at one-third the salary which was then paid, to administer the department satisfactorily and to give his personal attention to the work. He was appointed by the Common Council and served one year. During his first term some eight or ten thousand dollars was saved to the city, and the streets were kept in better condition than ever before, Mr. Everitt receiving as his salary S350. He was reappointed in the spring of 1875 and was serving his second term at the time of his death. He was said to be the most efificient Street Commissioner that Orange ever had. Mr. Everitt married Martha B. daughter of James Britton Armstrong, of Montague, Sussex County, N. J. They had issue, Edward Allen, Mary Louisa, John Davis, Robert Armstrong, Frances Armstrong, Willis Britton. Edward Allen Everitt, eldest child of Isaac J. and Martha Britton (Armstrong) Everitt, was born on Day, near William Street, April 19, 1854. He attended the best private schools and completed his education at the High School, of Orange. He entered the firm of Bailey & Everitt (his father's firm) as clerk, continuing in that capacity until his father's death. A new copartnership was then formed, Mr. George W. Kynor, a former clerk, entering the new firm, which was changed to that of Bailey, Everitt & Co., and notwithstanding the changes by death, the busines is still carried on under that name. Mr. Everitt became his father's successor as manager of the Orange Savings Bank. He was one of the founders and the first V'ice-Prcsident of the Second National Bank. Mr. E\eritt married Ellen J. Fields, daughter of James B. Fields, a native of Paterson, N. J., son of Peter, a native of Rockland, County. N. Y , son of James. STEPHEN WICKES, M. D. As a physcian Dr. Wickes was long and favorably known throughout the Oranges; as a local historian, and as historian of the medical profession of the State of New Jersey, he rendered the most important service of any man of his period. Stephen Wickes, son of Van Wyck and Eliza (Herriman) Wickes, and a descendant of Thomas Wickes, grantee, in 1666. of Huntington, L. I., was born in Jam- aica, L. I., March 17, 1S13. He was graduated at Union College in 1S31. In the fall of 1832 he entered the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1834 received his degree of M. 1). He began the practice of his profession in New York City and after a short period removed to Troy, N. Y., where he continued practice for some fifteen years, a portion of the time with Dr. Thomas W. Blatchford, his old preceptor. While a resident of Tro\-, Dr. Wickes was ruling elder of the First Presbyterian Church of that city. President of the Rens- selaer Tract Society and a trustee of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He removed to Orange in 1852 where he resided until his death He had a successful practice in Orange, but was better known as a writer on medical and sanitary subjects. He was for twenty-five years chairman of the New Jersey State Medical Society, and in 1884 was its President. He was a member of the American Medical Association, of the National Sanitary Association, of the New Jersey Sanitary Association and an honorary member of the New York State Medical Societ}-, etc. In 1879 he published his " History of Medicine in New Jersey and of its Medical Men from the Settlement of the Province to A. D. iSoo," and in 1884 a STKI'IIKN WICKES, M. D. Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 269 work entitled '•Sepulture; Its History, Methods aiul Sanitary Kequisites." He spent many years of laborious research in collecting material for the history of the Mountain Society, whicii, with otiier interesting historical data, was published after his death by the New England Society, under the name of "Wickes" History of the Oranges." It is one of the most valuable contributions to the history of this locality, especially of the Mountain Society and First Presbyterian Church, ever published, and is recognized as a standard authority on local history. Dr. Wickes was an active and prominent member of the New Jersey Historical Society and took a deep interest in the work of this society. It was his work, however, in connection with the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, that absorbed more of his time and attention than anything else. Long a luling elder in this church, he worked incessantly to ailvance the cause of religion and leil, himself, a most e.\emplar\- Christian life. THE PATTON FAHII^Y. Ludlow Patton, the representative of the Patton family in the Oranges, was one of the first of the New York business men to locate permanently in that part of Orange township known as South Orange and Orange Valley. He visited the "water cure" establishment in 185 1-2 and was so well pleased with the location and surroundings that he purchased twenty-six and one-half acres, being a part of what in the early times was known as the Zenas Freeman farm. It was located on the side of the mountain, partly in South Orange and partly in what was then Orange, now West Orange. He built a §10,000 dwelling and a $3,000 barn, a large sum in tho.se days. He reclaimed, trimmed, adorned and put in superb condition these acres. A beautiful fountain — the only one then in the Oranges— sent up continu- ously its jet of spray in the midst of a lawn dotted with the rarest and most graceful trees and shrubbery. It was at that time one of the finest residences in any part of the Oranges. He gave it the name of " Dawnwood." These improvements drew the attention of others to this locality and gave an impetus to the movement which had just begun in the sale of suburban property. The ])rice paid by him at the time was only S96 an acre. It is probably worth as much as that per running foot at the present time. The name of Paton is written in old deeds Patton, and the family, originally from the south of England, is of considerable antiquity. An old parchment dceti in the possession of an English family of the name states that " in the si.\-and-twentieth year of Henry VI, William Patten alias Waynflete (from a town in Lancashire where he was born) was son and heir of Richard Patten and eldest brother of John, Dean of Chichester." For his learning he was first consecrated Bishop of Winchester, then for his wisdom made Lord Chancellor of England, and was the sole founder of the Magdalen College, in 0.x ford. Col. Robert Patton, the grandfather of Ludlow Patton, of Orange, was born in Westport, Ireland, in 1755, and died in New York City, January 3, 1814. He was brought to this country when he was seven years of age and resided in Philadelphia. In October, 1776, he enlisted as private in the Revolu- tionary Army, was taken prisoner by the British and confined for some time in New York City. After his liberation he rose to the rank of major and served under Washington and Lafayette; he was later promoted to a colonelcy. He was one of the original members of the Society of the Cincinnati. In 1789 he was appointed by President Washington, postmaster of Philadelphia, that office then being the most important in the country. He discharged the duties continuoush- for nearl\- twenty )'ears when he resigned and went to New York City. He was intimate with President Madison and the latter offered him the postmaster-generalship, but Patton refused the appointment on the ground that he was unwilling to remo\e his family fiom a free to a slave communit)-. One of his chief characteristics was his strict integrity. When he was made postmaster he refused to appoint any of his sons to a clerkship and on his resignation he strictly enjoined them not to apply to be his successor, saying that the office had been long enough in his family and should now go to another. When war was declared in 1812 and a government loan, which e\ery one prophesied would prove a failure, was placed on the market, he went at an early hour on the first day and subscribed §60,000, asserting that if his countrj- should be 270 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ruined his property would then be valueless. Col. Patton married Cornelia, daughter of Robert and Jemima (Shepard) Bridges. The latter was a son of Edward Bridges and Cornelia Culpepper, and throu"^h this line Mrs. Patton was connected with Lord Thomas Coalpepper, second colonial Governor of Virginia. Through the same line the descent is also traced from Oliver Cromwell. Col. Patton was a descendant of the noble family of Chandoss. By his marriage with Miss Bridges, Col. Patton had eight children, among whom was William Patton. Rev. William Patton, D. D., son of Col. Robert and Cornelia (Bridges) Patton, was born in Phila- delphia, August 23, 1798. He was graduated at the Middlebury (Vt.) College, in 1818, and at Princeton (N. J.) Theological Seminary, two years later. He began his labors as city missionary in New York and organized the Broome Street Presbyterian, known as the Central Presbyterian Church, which he started with four members and which, under his pastorate, grew to be one of the largest and most influential churches in New York. He was ordained as pastor by the New York Presb\-tery in 1822. He solicited and personally contributed the money for building the church edifice. The Madison Avenue Presbyterian (Dr. Parkhurst's) Church, and the Fifty-seventh Street Presbyterian Church are the outgrowth of the Broome Street Church. He was one of the organizers of the American Home Missionary Society, in 1826, and assisted in organizing the Third Presb)-tery of New York in iS3t. He resigned his charge of the Broome Street Church in 1834 to accept the secretaryship of the American Education Society. In 1836 he received the honorary degree of D. D. from the University of the City of New York, in the founding of which he took an active part. He severed his connection with the American Education Society in 1837 and on October 11 of that year was installed as pastor of the Spring Street Presbyterian Church. He was the founder of the World's Evangelical Alliance, which he did in a letter to Rev. John Angel James, of Birmingham, England, on March 23, 1843. ^'^ attended the convention in August, 1846, that organized the Alliance. He was the founder of the New York Union Theological Seminary and first proposed its establishment, and raised $50,000 of the $75,000 first contributed for its support. He acted for many years as one of its directors, contributing liberally to its funds, and serving without pay as Professor Extraordinary of Homiietics, Pastoral Theology and kindred studies. He made fourteen visits to Europe between 1825 and 1879. He was an earnest opponent of slavery and was for forty years a member of the Executive Committee of the American Home Missionary Society. His views on the subject of temperance were equally radical. In the pulpit he was characterized by his strong grasp upon his subject, his simplicity, directness and freshness. Dr. Patton was a man of great individuality and power. Anecdotes are abundant to-day of his strength as a preacher and his rare gift of humor and geniality in conversation. He had a commanding presence and an original way of enforcing the truth which gave his sermons a staying quality. He remained with the Spring Street Church until October 29, 1847, ^t^ then accepted the pastorate of the Hammond Street Congregational Church, which had been gathered and organized by his personal friends. He remained until 1852 and then retired from pastoral work. He removed soon afterward to New Haven, Conn., where he devoted his time to literary and occasional ministerial work. Besides editing President Jonathan Edwards' work on revivals, and Charles G. Fenney's "Lectures on Revivals" (London, 1839), ^"<^ "The Village Testament" (New York, 1835), and assisting in editing "The Christ- ian Psalmist" (1836), he published "The Laws of Fermentation and the Wines of the Ancients" (1871), "The Judgement of Jerusalem Predicted in Scriptures, Fulfilled in History" (London, 1879), "Jesus of Nazareth" (1S78), and " Bible Principles and Bible Characters" (Hartford, 1S79), besides writing many pamphlets on various subjects. In 1833 he took an English commentary called the Cottage Bible and so recast, changed, enlarged and improved it as to make it substantially a new work, and issued it in two royal octavo volumes. Over 170,000 copies of this most useful family commentary have been sold in this country. Rev. William Patton, D. D., died in New Haven, September 9, 1879. His wife, Mary Weston, born in W'altham, Mass., March 6, 1793, was the daughter of Zachariah Weston, born in Lincoln, Mass., March 8, 175 i, a descendant of John Weston, of Salem, Mass., born 1631, died 1723. Dr. Patton was The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 271 larfjely indebted for liis success in his great life work to the prudent counsels and lieart_\- sjnipatliy of his admirable wife, whom he married soon after reaciiing his majorit)- and to whom his accomplished son. Rev. William F attmi, D. D., President of Howard University, Washington City, owes no little of his eminence as a man and a minister. A brother of Dr. Patton was the late Robert B. Patton, Professor of Greek in the New York Universit)'. The children of Rev. William Patton and Mary (Weston) Patton were William ilcnry, William Weston. Cornelia Magoffin, Mary, Ludlou\ Elenor Chandler. John Magoffin. Catharine Face, John Angell James and I-lmily. Ludlow Patton, fifth child and third son of Rev. William and Mary (Weston) Patton, was born in New York City, August 3, 1825. He was reared in that city and kept in training for the gospel ministry, receiving the usual primary and academic course of education, together witli considerable theological indoctrination and experience. At fourteen years of age a good Presbyterian elder iji his father's church (Tredwell Ketcham) offered him a position in his banking and stock brokerage office, at 55 Wall Street, which he promptly accepted. The young man forsook the University grammar school, bidding good-bye to Greek, Latin and Theology, and on February i, 1840. entered with enthusiasm on his business career. Salaries were small in those days, but having economical habits the youth always made two ends meet, and as his salary grew year by year he began to acquire some capital, which he kept advantageously turning over, so that before he became of age he was financially well-to-do. Faith- ful, honest and industrious as a boy he was duly promoted, and on February i, 1851, was taken into partnership with his employer, under the firm name of T. Ketcham & Co., receiving an interest of one-eighth in the business. On being elected, five months afterwards, to the New York Stock Exchange, his interest in the business was increased to one-quarter. On May i, 1856, Mr. Patton established the firm of Ludlow Patton & Co., and can ied on an ex- tensive and successful business for seventeen years. In addition to his regular business he was success- fully interested in the building of three railroads and in the mining of quicksilver and bituminous coal. For a long series of years he was a director in seven corporations, such as railroad, life insur- ance, quicksilver and coal companies lie was a director for eleven years in the Howard Universitj-, Washington, D. C, of which his brother, Rev. William W. Patton, D. D., L.L. D., was President. On April i, 1873, thinking there were other things to do in life than the making of money, he withdrew from business with an ample fortune. Mr. Patton ascribes his financial success to the fact that he did a connnission business looking well after fat margins, and to the lending of his capital on good, marketable securities at remunerative rates. His membership in the Stock E.xchange cost him four hundred dollars. When he had no further use for the same he sold it for $32,000. On February 28, 1849, ^^''- Patton married Miss Abby Hutchinson, daughter of Jesse and Mary Hutchinson, of Milford, New Hampshire. She was one of the celebrated Hutchinson Family of singers that achieved a world-wide reputation in their day, and concerning whom N. P. Willis made a capital ban mot on the occasion of their debut in lldlow patton. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges New York City: "It is a nest of brothers with a sister in it." Abby Hutchinson was one of the brightest, loveliest and most talented women of licr day and Llewellyn Park owes much of its beauty and attractiveness to her thoughtful suggestions. There was a charm about Mrs. Patton that was irresistable. The anti-slavery conventions were often disturbed by mobs, but the uproar would be hushed as by magic when Abby's voice would ring out the " Slave's Appeal," and in the hush that followed, Garrison and Wendell Phillips would get a hearing. The presence and charm of Abby held the pro-slavery audience of that day in check. Her marvellous voice, captivating manners and a certain undefinable, magnetic power had the effect of subduing the most unruly spirits. In personal appearance Mrs. Patton was of medium size, with a bright, intelligent face, large, dark, speaking eyes, with teeth like pearls, an exquisite complexion and a radiajit smile. She was, surely, one of the sweetest creatures that ever grew up in the sunshine and love of a happy home. Had Wordsworth known her he would have immortalized her as he has done her who " dwelt among the untrodden ways." She was simplicity itself and totally unspoiled bj- the admira- tion and applause which her touching singing everywhere called forth. Her grace of manner was natural and unstudied. She had a quiet self-possession which, instead of repelling, had the effect of attracting those who conversed with her. Her moral qualities were equally beautiful and winning. No one could converse with her without feeling oneself to be in the presence of an artless, pure and simple nature, which no applause or success could divest of its original freshness. In music, poetry and art Mrs. Patton possessed gifts of the highest order. She "sung, making melody in her heart," and carried joy and gladness wherever she went. She composed a great deal of music, both vocal and instrumental, but her modesty restrained her from publishing much. Her best known published music was " Kind Words Can Never Die," and Alfred Tennyson's " Ring Out, Wild Bells." In 1891 Mrs. Patton privately printed for her friends a little volume called "A Handful of Pebbles." containing a few poems inter- spersed with brief paragraphs setting forth the essence of her happy philosophy. Many of these " pebbles," both in prose and verse, are gems of wise ami happy expression. A copy of this book is to be found in the Orange F"rec Library. Mrs. Patton founded, in 1863, in ^^^ Library Hall, the first kindergarten school of <^J '^'^T ^^^MHjir Orange. Over this she placed her niece. Miss ^'^f^ Or Victoria Hutchinson, who successfully carried ('^^^^ ^^^0 f it on until her death the following \-ear. Mrs. i9^^ ■ ■ ■■ fc Patton was one of the original members of the famous Woman's Club " Sorosis," and for several years took an active part in its affairs. She was much interested in the atlvancement of women and labored, also, in the cause of temperance antl prison reform. Mrs. Patton was favored with the personal friendship and esteem of many prominent men and women — poets, singers, actors and writers — living during her time. In England she was the guest of such writers and thinkers as Mr. and Mrs. Charles Dickens, William and Mary Howitt, Harriet Martineau, Douglas Jerrold, Mr.s. Tom Hood, Alexander Ireland, Hartley Coleridge, Hon. Mrs. Norton, Richard Cobden, M. P., John Bright, M. P., George Thompson, M. P., Mr. Hogarth, the historian of music, Eliza Cook, .'3 MKS. ABBY (HUTCHISSONI I'ATTON. Tin; FOUNDKKS AM) liUILDERS OF THE ORANGES. 273 Daniel 0"Coiinell, Father Matlliew, Charles Mackay, Mark Lemon, the editor of Punch, and other noted literary people. The last public performance of Mrs. Patton was on Sei)tember 10, 1S9J, when she sang, along with iier luisl)and and her brother John, at the funeral of lier life long friend, John G. Whittier, the Quaker poet. Tiiey sang "Close his Eyes, His Work is Done," the words of which were written by Mrs. I'atton on the spur of that moment. They came with heads silvered by age, but with voices still full of the old harmony, to sing at the grave of their friend. It was a fitting and beautiful tribute to the memorj- of the noble departetl poet. Onl\- a few da)'s before Mrs. Patton's sudden illness and death, she composed in her sleep at night the words and music of a song prophetic of her departure. She awoke sutldenh- and sang the refrain: " 1 live ti>-- Indians with only a few white settlers. Major Snell was largely instrumental in effecting a treaty with the Indians which resulted in their final departure from their happy hunting grounds, leaving the whites in full possession of the beautiful mountainous valley, watered by the Susquehanna and Chemung rivers, and is at the present time one of the most picturesque spots in the State of Pennsylvania, with a large and con.stantly increasing population. The mother of Mrs. Stickler was Nancy Nichols, whose father, Nichols, was one of the early settlers of Cooperstown, N. Y., and a descendant of Sergeant Francis Nichols, who came from England in 1639 and was one of the original proprietors of the old town of Stratford, Conn. He also owned lands at Southold, L. I. He was said to be nearly related and by some supposed to be a brother of 2/8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Col. Richard Nicholls, the first English Governor of New York State. The issue of the marriage of Joseph W. Stickier and Charlotte Snell was three children — a son, Jo.seph \V. Stickler, M. D., and two daughters, the youngest of whom, a bright, promising young lady, died while pursuing her studies preparatory to entering college. The elder still resides with her parents. Mr. Stickler was among the earliest of the new settlers known as the " Builders of the Oranges." He purchased, in 1857, a tract of four and one-half acres on Centre Street, e.xtending along the line of Central Avenue. On this he erected his present homestead, which, some years later, he enlarged and improved to its present condition. He also bought one and one-half acres in addition to his former purchase. With an abiding faith in the future of Orange he began the erection of a number of elegant re.sidences costing from $6,000 to §8,000 each, believing that homes of this character would induce men of means and influence to settle in the locality. He erected seven houses on Central Avenue and three on Centre Street, including his own homestead. At the present \aiuation of property these represent over §100,000 in improvements, which have enhanced the value of surrounding property in a proportion- ate ratio. Unlike many capitalists who bought and sold for speculative purposes and left the township poorer because of their operations, .Mr. Stickler's investments have all been for permanent impro\ements, adding from year to year the taxable valuation of propert}-. He is one of the few men to whom the people of Orange are indebted for its constantly increasing prosperity. In public improvements he has often been in advance of his neighbors. He laid the first piece of macadam road, at his own expense, ever laid on Centre Street, which stimulated further improvements of this character and resulted in the adoption of this perfect system of road making for all our streets and thoroughfares and also of those of adjoining townships. Mr. Stickler's public spirit and enterprise have been manifested in many ways, and with a liberal hand he has contributed to almost every public improvement in the city of Orange during his residence of nearly forty years. His generous contributions, amounting to thousands of dollars, to the Young Men's Christian Association building and to the various charitable a.ssociations for which Orange is noted, are matters of public record, and while Mr. Stickler has invariably followed the scriptural command to " let not thy right hand know what thy left hand doeth," the recipients of his benevolence, in their annual reports, have made known that which he would gladi\- have concealed. In his benevo- lent contributions Mr. Stickler has always been influenced by the highest and purest motives and a sincere desire to benefit his fellow-men. He has been for many years an acti\'e member of the I'irst Presbyterian Church and was President of the Board of Trustees for several years. Vv'hile the snows of many winters have whitened his locks and furrowed his cheeks, he is still hale and heart)- and in the enjoyment of perfect health. Mr. Stickler gave the ground on which the Orange Memorial Hospital now stands and made a contribution of Si.ooo to start a building fund. He also erected a dispensary with all modern ajipliances ami facilities for clinical and laboratory work, and presented it to the manag- ers of the hospital. He also built a wing to the Orange Orphan Home as a memorial to his daughter Louise, and also placed in the same institution a costly tablet bearing the inscription, " Suffer little children," etc. Joseph \Yii.i,i.\\i Stkki.EK, M. S., .M. D., only son of Joseph Whipple and Charlotte (Snell) Stickler, was born at Iloboken, X. J., June 26, 1854. Hoboken at that time was one of the mo.st noted and fashionable suburbs of New York. Dr. Stickler has had no connection with it, however, since he was four years of age, he having removed with his parents to Orange in 1858. Asa boy he was studious and fond of books, and his parents were able to gratify his tastes to the fullest extent. He was .sent to the best private .schools and was for a time under the instruction of Rev. V. A. Adams, one of the best teachers in the State. He completed his preparatory course at the Orange High School, and then started out with a fi.xed purpose in view, viz., to achieve success in the profe.ssion he had chosen. He entered the University of the City of New York in the class of '76 and graduated with the highest honors, receiving from that institution the degree of B. S., and later, that of M. S. He entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in New York City, and after a thorough course of study, availing himself of J. W. STICKLER, M. D. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 279 ever>- oi)portunity of attending medical lectures, he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1879. Few men have ever left college better equipped for their chosen profession than Ur. Stickler, and his ability to stand the severe test of examination, in which so few applicants succeed, that secured him the appointment of assistant to the house physician in the Presbyterian Hospital. He became assistant surgeon soon after and served as surgeon for eighteen months. He thus enjoyed rare opportunities for ohtaiiiiiiL; .1 pr.utiial knowledge of surgery, a branch of the i)riifcssi(in for which he had an especial fondness, and for which he was gifted by nature. .Six months' practice in the Lying-in Asylum gave him a practical knowledge of obstetrics. He then took a course of pathology and for one year lectured on comparative surgery and skin tliseases at the College of Comparative Medicine, in New \'ork. While pursuing his medical studies he took a pleasure trip to Euro])e, where he made the acquaintance of, and was cordially recieved by many of the leading ph\sicians and surgeons, and offered e\ery opjjortunity for observing the methods of practice in hnth jjublic and private institutions. Dr. Stickler returned to the home of his childhood in 1881 and although there were some forty practitioners in the field he did not hesitate to enter the race, depending entirely on his own merits, and w hile he was kindly received b\- his professional brethren, he received no assistance whatever. The old adage that "a prophet hath no honor in his own country" tlid not apply in his case, for his old school- mates and the friends of his childhood were willing to test his skill as a physician and surgeon and he soon worked himself into a lucrative practice, after numerous successful achievements in medicine and surgery, and for many years has stood in the front rank of his profession, recognized alike by his professional brethren of this city, of the county and of the State, as well as in the national councils. Operations which have attracted special attention and added greatly to his reputation as a surgeon and physician are the successful performance of several ovariotomies, a number of laparotomies, etc., and he has divided the trachea its entire length to remove a foreign body from the left bronchus. Other important surgical operations have served to demonstrate the fact that had he made surgery a specialty instead of devoting himself to a general practice he would have achieved great success. While studying the methods of others, his originality of thought, boldness of conception and inventive genius have been developed every step of the way. Before completing his collegiate course of medical studies, Ur. Stickler had already begun investigations relating to the cause and prevention of scarlet fever, and has pursued the subject with unremitting devotion for the past fifteen years, the result of his discoveries having attracted widespread attention in the medical world. He hail noted particularly the transmission of human scarlatina to the lower animals, and was firmly impressed with the idea that a virus could thus be obtained that could be used as a preventive agent. What particularly attracted his attention to this matter was, that during the early days of February, 1884, a remarkable outbreak of sore throat occurred in Dover, England, which was due to the drinking of milk obtained from cows affected with foot and mouth disease. Dr. Stickler went to England in 1886 and made a thorough investigation of the matter, and he noted the fact that members of certain families who had previously had scarlet fever escaped the throat epidemic, while all the other members of the same families contracted the disease, all alike having partaken freely of milk infected with the contagion of foot and mouth disease. As the result of his observations at this time and subsecjuent investigations, Dr. Stickler became fully convinced of his pre- conceived theory of the u.se of animal virus as a preventive agent of this dread disease, and a complete report of this was published in the Miilical Record. December 10, 1887. reprinted in pamphlet form, entitled "Foot and Mouth Disease as it .\ffects Man and Animals, and Its Relation to Human Scarla- tina as a Prophylactic." An additional paper on this subject was reprinted from the "Journal of the American Medical Association," August 16, 1890, entitled " Further Observations upon Foot and Mouth Disease in its Relation to Human Scarlatina as a Prophylactic." These and other papers read before medical societies have excited the attention of medical men in this countr\- and in Europe, and it is believed that this theory will yet be fully established. In his local practice Dr. Stickler has devoted special attention to diseases of the lungs, and many of his patients have been greatly benefited by his course of treatment. He has made strenuous efforts to 28o The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. secure legislative action that, it is hoped, will result in the eradication of bovine tuberculosis from this State, and thereby lead other States to adopt similar measures. Recognizing the importance of this, the New Jersey State Medical Society took suitable action, and Dr. Stickler was appointed chairman of a Committee on Tuberculosis. During his frequent visits to the Adirondacks, Dr. Stickler became impressed with its climatic conditions and its advantages as a health resort. As the result he wrote "Adirondacks as a Health Resort," published by G. P. Putnam's Sons, in 1886. Dr. Stickler has been a constant contributor to the medical and other journals for many years past. To the people of Orange, however, Dr. Stickler is known and appreciated for the great good he has accomplished professionally and otherwise. Without doubt, some of the most important cures have been effected through the happy faculty he has of ministering to a mind diseased A man of warm, sympathetic nature, tender- hearted and of a cheerful disposition, he carries sunshine into tlie sick room, encourages tlie patient and awakens hope, at the same time administering such remedies as will best help nature in her work of recovery. No one can help being impressed with his sincerity, truthfulness and entire frankness. He is incapable of duplicit}-, and at once inspires confidence in all with whom he meets. .As a Christian gentleman Dr. .Stickler is as well known as in his professional capacit)'. He is an elder in the I'irst Presbyterian Church and was for many years an active worker in the Sunday School, continuing until the pressure of his professional tluties necessitated his withilrawal. As an artist is wedded to his art, so Dr. Stickler is wedded to his profession. Dr. Stickler may truly be .said to be the poor man's friend. Not only has he rendered gratuitous professional service for years, but has contributed liberally to the needs of the poor and in many ways has sought to elevate their condition. Dr. Stickler's connection with the medical societies include about all the State, county and city, as well as those of other States. He is a member of the New York Pathological Society, the New York Academy of Medicine, the Ksse.x County Medical Society, the Medical Society of the State of New Jersey, the Society for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, in Newark, V^ice-President of the Orange Mountain Medical Society, Pathologist to the Orange Board of Health. He has long been an active member of the Young Men's Christian Association, of Orange, and served two years as its President. He is a member of the Librar_\- Association, of Orange, a director of the Second National Hank, and is connected with the social and other organizations. EDWIN C. BURT. As a resilient of the Oranges for more than thirty \-ears, Mr. Burt was known as one of its most enterprising and progressive citizens. He was a native of .Sandersfield. Mass., where he was born in 181S. He came to New York in the forties where he established the e.\tensi\e shoe business which still bears his name. He was first associated with his father anil afterwards with his brothers. He was a resident of Brooklyn for some years where he assisted in organizing the Strong Place Ba|>tist Church, of which he was a deacon. Mr. Burt came tan\- soon fountl it to their interest to resume their former relations with Mr. Spottiswoode and place him on an equal footing with others, and since then he has kept both yards running. Mr. Spottiswoode continued business in his own name until i.SSi,when he took his cousin, Thus. M. Cusack, into partnership with him and the firm name was changed to Spottiswoode & Co. The lum- ber business was added to it in the spring of 1887, which has since constantly increased. About 1872 Mr. Spottiswoode, in connection with Daniel Brennan, Jr., organized the Telford Pavement Companj- with the latter as President and himself as Secretary and Treasurer. With the same push and energy which has characterized all his other operations Mr. Spottiswoode began laying this pavement in the Oranges and soon after extended his operations to other points. He opened quarries and erected stone crushers and other machinery in Passaic County at the Great Notch, on the canal at Acquackanock, at South Orange and at Plainfield. He had frequently in his employ as high as 500 men and his semi- monthly pay roll amounted to $10,000. Between fift\' and one hundred miles of road was laid in these different places, and this improvement alone has doubtless added more to the wealth and prosperity of the Oranges than an\- enterprise ever before or since attemptetl. The company wound up its affairs in 1 87'') and the entire plant reverted to Mr. .Spottiswoode, who subse(]uently sold out the other places, retaining onlv the projierty at West Orange, and the business in this locality is still conducted b_\' Mr. Spottiswoode on a ]5aying basis. The entire business under the management of Mr. Spottiswoode will |)robably exceed a quarter of a million dollars annuallv. The benefit which others have derived from his ojierations can hardly be estimated. With all his business cares and responsibilities, Mr. Spottiswoode has found time to devote to the public interests of his adopted city. He has been a public officer for more than thirt\- years, beginning as collector of taxes for the Third Ward. Before the Board of Education was organized he served for some years as a trustee of the Girard School District and worked incessantly and persistenth' for better school facilities and the means for higher education for the masses. Under the new regime as a member of the Board of Education, he advocated liberal appropriations and was always in touch with the most progressive of his associates. He was a member of the Common Council when the very best men, without regard to party affiliations, were selected. He served under the administrations of Mayors Ensign, Ferry and .Austin. He was one of the early advocates and hardest workers in behalf of an 286 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. improved water supply and sewerage system for the city, and wlien the general plans were finally adopted he was made a member of the Citizens' Committee and devoted much time to carrj' forward these important projects. With no ambition for the honors attached to public office, Mr. Spottiswoode has never hesitated to accept a position where he could advance the interests of the whole community, and this has often been done at great personal sacrifice. He helped to organize the Half-Dime Savings Bank- and is now its Vice-President. He has long been a director of the Orange Hank. He has always taken a deep interest in Union Lodge, F. & A. M., where he was first inducted into the mysteries of speculative Masonry, and has been treasurer of the Corporate Board of tliis Lodge since i.S68 He was one of the principal movers of the enterprise for the erection of the Masonic building. His religious connections have been and are still with the Orange Valley Congregational Church. Mr. Spottiswoode's success in life is due to his early habits of economy, his untiring intlustry, his high sense of honor, and his strict regard for the rights of others. Blessed with a strong, robust consti- tution and a supply of vital energy which age has not impaired, he is still able to attend to all the details of his e.Ktensive business and to discharge all other duties which are daily pressed upon him. Mr. Spottiswoode married Elizabeth Jones, daughter of I'heneas and Sally ( Pierson) Jones, a descendant of one of the old families of Hanover, N.J. His first wife died in iS75,and in 1882 he married Sarah J., her sister. Their mother, Sally Pierson, was a daughter of Joseph Pierson, a direct descendant of Thomas Pierson, Sr , brother of Rev. Abraham, and one of the original settlers of Newark. Mr. Spottiswoode's children were all by his first wife. Out of eight, only three are living. These are Sara C, a successful homeopathic physician in Orange, Emma Elizabeth, and George, the youngest, who is associated with him in business. HAYWARD A. HARVEY. As the in\entor of the Harvey process for hardening steel plates, the reputation of Mr. Harvey was world-wide. To the people of Orange, with whom he was identified for more than thirty years, he was known as a quiet, modest, unassuming citizen. Mr. Harvey was a native of Jamestown, N. V., born January 17, 1824. His line of descent from William Harvey, the ancestor, was through Thomas, William. Jonathan, Kufus and Thomas William Harvey, his father. The latter was the inventor of the gimlet-pointed screw and other useful de\ices, and from him the son doubtless inherited his inventive genius, ^'oung Har\ey was first employed as draftsman of the New York Screw Company, and later had charge of a wire mill. In 1852 he entered the employ of the Harvey Steel and Iron Works Company, of which his father was the President. In 1854 he and his father formed the Wangum Steel Company, of Connecticut. The death of his father in the latter part of 1854 left him to continue his experiments alone. In 1865 Mr. Harvey founded the Continental Screw Company, of Jersey City, and later devised machinery for making screws, washers, bolts, spiral springs, wire nails, etc. Some time in the eighties he began a series of experiments for hardening or carbonizing steel on the surface and the raising of a low to a high grade of steel, which he patented in 1888. It was this process which gave him a world-wide reputation in connection with armor plates. The first armor plate was made in 1890 and proved a wonderful success, since which time the process has been gradually improved and perfected, and these plates have stood the severest tests, excelling in point of resistance those of any other plates ever made. The process has not only been adopted by the U. S. Government, but by all the armor plate makers of Europe. The process is gradually supplant- ing all other methods in the manufacture of steel and has completely revolutionized this industry. All of Mr. Harvey's inventions are covered by letters patent, which anniuiU to between one hundred and one hundred and fifty. In 1889 Mr. Harvey organized the Harvey Steel Company, of which he was President and one of the largest stockholders. Mr. Harvey was interested in the public affairs of Orange. He served two terms in the Common Council— I S73 and 1879. H<-' served on the Hoard of Commissioners which deviseii the jjresent water system, and was a member of the Advisory Board of Citizens which preceded the Sewerage Advisory Committee. He was \ice-President of the .\merican Washer and Manufacturing Company, of Newark. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 287 He was for some time a member of the Brick Presbyterian Clnucli, of East Orange, and afterwards united with the Trinity Congregational Church. He was an accomi)lislied musician and for years was precentor of the church. Mr. Harvey married, first, Matilda VVinant ; she died in 1.S56, leaving one son, Dr. Thomas VV. Harvey. He married, second, Emily A. Halsey. By this marriage he had one son, Hayward A., who is connected with the Harvey Steel Com[)any. Tlii)M\> W. II \K\i;v. M. D, was born in New \'ork September 10, 1853, graduated at Princeton College in 1875, studied medicine with Dr. William Pierson and grailuated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1S7S. He has been for some years associated in practice with Dr. Pierson, his former preceptiir. He is a member of the Esse.x County Medical Society and Orange Mountain Medical Society. Ho married Catharine Green, of New Vork, and has two children. THE CARTER FAMILY. Line of Aaron Charter, of Orange, N. J. Aaron Carter was among the first of the new comers who settled in that jiart of Orange known as Tremont Avenue. His ancestor was one of the founders of Elizabeth contemporaneous with the settlement of Newark. The coat of arms of the English branch of the family indicates the origin of the name. They bore Arms. — Argent a chevron between three cartwheels vert. Crest. — On a mount vert, a greyhound sejant argent sustaining a shield of the last cliarged with a cartwheel vert. Nichol.is Carter, the ancestor of the New Jersey branch of the family, settled in Stamford, Conn., before 1652. He removed that year to Newtown, L. I., and was among the purchasers of that place from the natives April 12, 1656, His allotment there was twenty acres. He is repeatedly mentioned in the Newtown Records among the leading men of the town until 1665, when he removed to Elizabeth- town, where he was among the most prominent of the Associates. He acquired large tracts of land and was evidentl\- a man of considerable means. His "Home l.ott " of twenty acres of upland at Watson's Point, adjacent to Edward Case, he sold in 1675 to Bingham Wade for ;^30, payable in pipe staves. He sold most of his lands May 18, 1681, to Samuel Wilson^ and died shortly after. Samuel, who was probably his eldest son, was one of the Elizabethtown Associates. Nicholas, born in 1658, was no doubt the youngest. Elizabeth, the daughter of Nicliolas, Sr., married John Ratcliff, .\ugust 6, 1681. Not one of the name appears on the headstones in the Elizabethtown Cemetery. Either Nicholas or Samuel are supposed to have removed to Morris County, as the Carters are mentioned among the early settlers of the township of \Miip]ianong, constituted in 1700. The church at Bottle Hill, now Madison, was organized in 1749 and the records state that Luke Carter, son of Benjamin Carter, declared that if the congregation would not complete the meeting-house he would. Capt. Benjamin Carter and Jeremiah Carter, of the township of Chatham, were both prominent in the War of the Revolution. Six other Carters served in the war from Moiris Count}-, among these, Aaron, the grandfather of the present Aaron Carter, Jr. Aaron Carter, who lived at Union Hill, Morris County, was born about 1750 and was probably a grandson of Benjamin, the first of the name mentioned in connection with Morris County. He married Elizabeth Davis, daughter of Caleb Davis (who married Ruth, daughter of Joseph Bruen), son of Caleb, of Jonathan, of Thomas, born 1660, son of Stephen Davis, who was of Hartford, 1646, freeman of Connecticut, 1648, had for second wife widow of John Ward, Jr. The children of Aaron and Elizabeth (Davis) Carter were Lewis, Cahb, Hannah, Sarah, Mary or Polly, married Samuel Condit, who kept a hotel in Chatham. Caleb Carter, second child of Aaron and Elizabeth (Davis) Carter, was born at Union Hill, Morris County, in 1782. He went to Newark about 1800 and learned the business of carriage painting, and was one of the pioneers in the carriage manufacturing business. He did an extensive trade with the South. On the muster roll of Capt. Baldwin's company in iSo2 appears the name of Caleb Carter. Mr. Carter was identified with the Whig party and was something of a politician. He was appointed a magistrate 288 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. of Newark by Governor W. S. Pennington. Mr. Carter married riioebe Joliiison. daughter of Jotham Johnson, son of David (who married Eunice Crane, great-granddaughter of Robert Treat, the first Governor of Connecticut under the charter; was Governor for thirty years), son of Nathaniel (married Sarah Ogdem, son of Eliphalet, Esq., born 1658, son of Thomas Johnson, one of the committee of eleven wlio represented the towns of Milford, Guilford and Branford in arranging for tlie settlement of "our Town upon Passaick River, in the Province of New Jersey." Thomas Johnson was one of the signers of the Fundamental Agreement. The Town Records of Xewark state that "the Town agreed that Mr. Thomas Johnson shall have ICight shillings for his Son's beating the drum this Year and Repairing the remai ider of the Year. " Phe town "Agreed with him and Thomas Lutidington to raise the Meeting-house for five Pounds." I'homas Johnson was the son of Robert, who came to New Haven from Hull. England. The children of Caleb and Phoebe (Johnson) Carter were Elizabeth. Harriet, Mary, James, Horace, Aaron, Catharine, Almira, Anna, Phoebe. A.\R<)N Caktkk, sixth child and youngest son of Caleb and Phoebe (Johnson 1 Carter, was born in Newark, January 17, 1817. He attended one of the best schools in the State — that of Fairchild's boarding school, at Mendliam, the board and tuition being at that time one hundred dollars a year. He returned home and entered the service of Taylor & Baldwin, manufacturing jewelers, of whom it was said they were "entitled to the credit of first winning extended fame for Newark handiwork in the jewelry business. Mr. Carter, in his connection with the several succeeding firms, fully maintained the reputa- tion established by his old employers. Three years after attaining his majority Mr. Carter formed a copartnership with a nephew of Governor VV. S. Pennington and a Mr. Doremus under the firm name of Pennington, Carter & Doremus; later it became Carter & Doremus, and after the withdrawal of Mr. Doremus, Mr. Carter carried on the business alone for some years under the name of Aaron Carter, Jr. It was during this period that he met with his greatest success, and established the reputation that has made this the leading house in the jewelry trade. Other changes in the firm were made, but Mr. Carter was the leading spirit and continued through the se\'eral changes as senior member. It was afterwards Carter, Beaman & Parsons, then Carter & Parsons, Carter, Parsons & Hale, Carter, Hale & Co., Carter, llowkins & Dodd, Carter, llowkins & Sloane, Carter, Sloane & Co., and Carter, Hastings & Howe. Mr. Carter is probably the oldest representative of the jewelry industry in Newark, which began nearly a century ago, his own employer, Taylor, being second in the line of succession from Epaphras Hinsdale, who foundeti the business in iSoi. There are few industries which ha\e contributeil more to the commercial prosperity of Newark than this, and not one of all the old-time manufacturers has preserved a cleaner record for honor, uprightness and business probity than Mr. Carter, a name unsullied by a single act which could ever reflect adversely on him or his associates. Through the various financial reverses of half a century Mr. Carter has maintained the credit of his firm, and never failed to meet his business obligations. He has educated others up to the high standard of business honor which has always characterized his firm in their dealings. Mr. Carter's influence has been equally felt in the religious interests of his native city as well as elsewhere. He was originally a member of the old First Presbyterian Church, of Newark, and helped to organize the South Park Church, of which he was one of its first elders, continuing in office until 1856. After his second marriage, that year, he moved \.o New N'ork City, unitetl with and became an elder in Dr. Adams' church, which was the leading Presbyterian church in New \'ork City. In 1864 he came to Orange and purchased his present residence of eight acres, including the homestead. He enlarged and modernized the house ami made many improvements both within and without. The house is Gothic in style and stands in the centre of the large plot which is entireh" enclosed by an ever- green hedge. There are sufficient trees to afford ample shade without in any way obscuring the sun- light. It possesses all the requirements of a beautiful country seat, and there is an air of restfulness and comfort in the surroundings that is in striking contrast to some of the more modern places. The Valley Congregational Church being the most convenient to his residence, Mr. Carter united with it and for many years concentrated his religious efforts in the work of this church. He was a AARON CARTER. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 289 trustee and deacon and labored for its temporal as well as its spiritual advancement. In 1890 lie witii- drew with many others and lielped to organize the Hillside Presbyterian Church, which has become one of the most prosperous and strongest cluirches in the Oranges. Mr. Carter is very pronounced in political views, and after the disruption of the old Whig party he united with the Republicans and for many years has been one of its most zealous supporters. In 18 — he received the republican nomination for the Legislature, but the district being one of the democratic strongholds he was defeated. He received, however, the undivided support of his own party. Mr. Carter has other large interests in addition to his extensive manufacturing business which absorbs much of his time. He acquired, some years ago, stock in the Bombay (India) Tramway and is chairman of its Board of Trustees. He has been a director in the Newark City Bank since its organization. He is also a director in the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of New York, and of the /lur/trs' Circular, a publication issued in the interests of the jewelry trade. He is a trustee, and much interested in the New Jersey Industrial School for Girls, at Trenton. Mr. Carter married, first, Elizabeth C. Tuttle, daughter of William Tuttle, and a granddaughter of Nathaniel Camp. There was one surviving child by this marriage, viz., William Tuttle, who is associated with liis father in the jewelr\- business. Mr. Carter married, second, Sarah S. Trow, daughter of John F. Trow, the founder of Trow's New York Directory. Mrs. Carter's mother, Catharine Swift, was the daughter of Gen. Nathaniel Swift, the first graduate of West Point Military Academy. The children of the second marriage are John Franklin, Ernest Trow and Herbert Swift. Rev. John Franklin, the eldest son, is a graduate of Yale and is rector of St. Mark's Church, Fall River, Mass. Ernest Trow graduated at Princeton and began the study of law, but failing health compelled him to abandon the law and having a natural taste for music he took a course under learned German professors and is now a resident of Berlin. Herbert Swift, M. D , recently graduated at the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons and received the first appointment at the Presbyterian Hospital. CHARLES n. DECKER, who has filled the position of President of the Orange Bank since October, 1893, is a leading merchant and represents the most progressive element in the community, having for more than a quarter of a century conducted a business which has increased from a few thousand to over half a million dollars annually, and has thus given ample proof of his ability as a financier. Under his administration the affairs of the bank have been successfully managed to the entire satisfaction of his associates and all interested in its prosperity, and Mr. Decker has retained the public confidence and respect of his fellow-citizens. His career has been eminently a useful one, and yet without other ambition than such as attaches to the faithful performance of those duties which have been from time to time assigned to him in the community in which his lot has been cast. Mr. Decker comes of Holland and New England stock, a mixture which indicates thrift, industry, energy and perseverance. His father was a successful business man and stood high in the community where he lived. The History of Chemung County, New York State, contains the following record relating to the grandmother and grandfather of Mr. Decker: "The first white child born in the town of Ashland, of which there is any record, was Eunice Kel.sey, her birthday having been on March 16, 1789, her father being Abner Kelsey. Eunice grew to womanhood and married Jacob Decker. She became the mother of six children, three sons and three daughters." The above record is correct with the exception of the number of children, which should be six sons and two daughters. Jacob Decker, above referred to, was a native of Orange County, N. Y., and removed thence to Chemung County. The name of Johannis Decker is mentioned among the settlers of the town of Montgomery, Orange County, between 1768 and 1778. He was probably a son or grandson of Abraham Decker, who came from Holland and settled in Copake, N. Y., in 1757. Among the children of Jacob and Eunice (Kelsey) Decker was Harrison Decker, born about 1821, at Wellesburgh, Chemung County, N. Y. He married Harriet, daughter of Charles Tubbs, a descendant of William Tubbs, of Duxbury, 290 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Mass., who was admitted a freeman of Plymouth colony in 1637. He volunteered to go on an expedi- tion against the Pequot Indians in June of the same \'ear. He was a member of the famous Capt. Miles Standish's military company. Charles M. Decker, son of Harrison and Harriet (Tubbs) Decker, was born in W'ellesburgh, Chemung County, N. Y., November — , 1850. His educational opportunities were limited to the public schools of his native town. As a boy he was self-reliant and ambitious. At the age of fourteen he made his first trip to New York in search of employment. After spending a short time in the city he concluded to visit an old friend of his father's — Stephen D. Herman, then residing and doing business in Orange. He was kindly received and through the influence of Mr. Herman he obtained a situation with Benjamin F. Cairnes in the grocery business. After remaining with him about a year he entered the employ of Mr. Herman, continuing with him and his successors until 1869. In 1870 he went to New York and started in the butter business and the following year returned to Orange and bought out his old employer, Mr. Cairnes; he had then just attained his majority. Instead of following the old business methods of his predecessors he inaugurated an entire new system. He saw that in order to secure the trade of suburban residents, many of whom continuctl to patronize New York houses, he must shape his course accordingly. He stocked his place with the finest goods in the market, established the delivery system, sold on "short credit" and gradually brought the trade to a hcinic market. After his lease e.xpired he moved into the new building on the opposite side of Main Street, in East Orange, where he was provided with ample facilities for his growing trade. He purchased strictly for cash and thus secured an advantage that enabled him to distance all competitors. His trade gradual!)- e.xtended through all the Oranges and into the towns and villages on the outskirts of the county. Beginning with a trade of §10,000 to §12,000 a year in 1871-2, it reached half a million in 1893. The securing of this large amount of trade, a portion of which was formerly divided among New York houses, has added materially to the wealth and prosperity of the Oranges. In 1889 Mr. Decker opened a branch house in Orange, in the building of S. & C. A. Lindsley, on Main Street, and the following year he bought the Sharp property at 222 and 224 Main Street on which he erected one of the finest and most substantial buildings to be found in any part of Essex County, an ornament to the city of Orange for which his fellow-citizens have reason to be proud. The front of the building is of Indiana stone, rubied. It is four stories high, 50 x lOO feet, extending from Main Street to Railroad Avenue. The ti)tal cost, including the land, was about §65,000. This, together with the new bank building, has added much to the appearance of Orange as a business centre. Mr. Decker has made other investments in real estate which he has developed and improved, thus adding materially to the wealth of the city. While he has always done his duty as a citizen in pro- moting good government, Mr. Decker has never taken any active part in the political affairs of the city or county, his business interests demanding his whole attention. As to the personal traits of Mr. Decker, no words of eulogy are required. It is sufficient to state that lie enjoys the confidence and respect of his fellow-citizens and that his word is as good as his bond. E\ery transaction of his life will bear the closest scrutiny. As '• nothing succeeds like success," his business record speaks for itself. Mr. Decker has not only made a record for himself as a Builder, but is identified by marriage with the Founders of the Oranges through two of the oldest families in East Orange — the Peck and the Jones families. His wife is a daughter of Alfred and Margaret E. (Peck) Jones, two of the earliest settlers of the locality formerly known as " Pecktown." Mr. Decker has had nine children, viz.: Margaret, Harrison, Charles M., Jr., deceased, Addie L., Arthur, May, Richard F., Katharj-n, Laraus. JAMES BELL. In a two-fold sense. James Bell is one of the oldest Builders of the Oranges. First, in a material sense, as a mechanical builder he has erected a number of buildings, both public and private, ha\ing begun operations in the early fifties; second, in a spiritual sense, he has been instru- mental in the building up of the religious interests in the Oranges. Mr. Bell was born in the city of Perth, Scotlaiul, July 27, 1825. He was .sent to what was known as a trade school, maintained by CHARLES M. DECKER. The Founders and Guilders of the Oranges. 291 business men or tradesmen for a thorou^li instruction in the rudimentary branches for tlieir own children. Particular attention was given to his religious education by a devoted Christian mother. He was left a fatherless orphan at the age of five years and ten years later he lost his mother. He lived with his aunt for a time, wiio belonged to the Independents or Congregationalists. and from her he imbibed many of his ideas of church polity which influenced his later life. After the death of his mother the little property was sold and James, with his six brothers and one sister, came to this country and settled for a time at Little Falls, above Paterson, X. J. His sister subsequently returned to Scot land, and he, with four of his brothers, came to Orange in 1843. He and another brother both learned the mason's and stone cutting trades, and after serving their time formed a copartnership with another brother to carry on the business. Tiiere were only three other builders in all the Oranges at that time, and yet there was not work enough to keep him and his brother employed. Thej- therefore went to Newark, where they secured some large contracts and carried on a successful business for some time. Among other buildings which they constructed was the High Street Presbyterian Church. About this time — 1850 — he and his brother removed to Newark and leased a quarry in Belleville in order to procure material for their building operations. Previous to this his eldest brother withdrew from the firm. They continued for two or three years when James Bell, having secured a large contract with the Illinois Central Railroad Co., concluded to go West. He did a fairly good business with the company, but sickness in his family compelled him to return East, and about 1855 or '56 he settled permanently in Orange where for many years he carried on an extensive business in the building line. To facili- tate his building operations he first leased two ([uarries and afterwards purchased one on the mountain from which he took large quantities of brown or red sandstone. He supplied other build- ers in addition to what he used himself. He built the Central Presbyterian Church, the first story of St. John's R. C. Church, on High Street, put up the spire of St. Mark's Episcopal Church, in West Orange, and built both the first and afterwards the second church edifice for the Valley Congregational Church. He has made additions and alterations to many of the other churches in the Oranges. He continued in the building line until 1874 and then started in the coal business in connection with the sale of masons' materials, he being the first to estab- lish the latter business in Orange. After more than forty years of active business life he retired in 1890. Soon after he settled in Orange, Mr. Bell purchased the property on the corner of Forest and Valley Streets, where the Church of the Holy Communion now stands. This he sold later and bought the property where he now resides, on Scotland Street, fronting the D. L. & W. R. R. This was the old Quimby homestead. He made extensive additions and altera- tions to the house, but retained among other interesting relics of the past, the old hand-carved colonial mantel. Soon after returning to Orange, Mr. Bell united with the old First Presbyterian Church and remained in communion with it for a few years. When the movement was begun to organize a new- interest in the valley, he entered with zeal and earnestness into the work, and became one of the leading JAMES HULL. 292 TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. spirits, and when it had grown to such an extent as to justif)- the organization of a church he was earnestly in favor of adopting the Congregational polity, and from that time to the present he has been one of the main pillars of the Valley Congregational Church. He was elected a member of the first Board of Trustees, and when it was decided to erect a church edifice his knowledge and experience was of great value to his associates, and when, in later years, the church grew in numbers and strength, it became necessary to erect a more commodious place of worship, the chief management of the affair was left to him, and he constructed a building of such solidity and strength that it will remain for ages to come as a monument to his memory, and is emblematic of his own strength and solidity of character. In the construction of the spiritual edifice Mr. Bell has been no less conspicuous. As the years have advanced his own religious views have broadened and deepened, and from his own experience he has been able to strengthen the weak and encourage the despondent, and as stone after stone was laid, cemented together with brotherly love and kindness, he contributed materially to this end, his own cheerful, happy disposition tending to promote harmony, and was like oil on the troubled waters. He was a trustee before the church was organized, and served as deacon for twenty-two years. In early life M. Bell became impressed with the beauties of symbolic or speculative Masonry and became one of the earliest members of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., of Orange, after its reorganization. Later he became a member of Orange Chapter, R. A. M. He is still a Mason in good standing though nonaffiliated. Mr. Bell married Ellen Strother, daughter of George Strother, of Belle\ille, N. J. He has three living children, viz.: Isabella, who married Charles De.xheimer; Emma, who resides with him at the present time, and Allister, a recent graduate of the Newark Academy. JOHN OXENBRIDGE HEALD, third child of Daniel A. and Sarah Elizabeth (Washburni Hcald, [see Heald family. West Orange] was born at Ludlow, Vt., October i8, 1850. He was prepared for college at Philips' Exeter Academy and was graduated at Vale in 1873. He studied law with Judge Edward Patterson, of New York City, and spent one year at Columbia College Law School, was admitted to the bar in October, 1876, and began practice immediately after. He formed a law copartner- ship with George Richards in 1879, which still continues. In addition to his general law practice he has been especially identified with insurance litigation and has been successful in the trial of many import- ant cases in the New \'(irk courts, involving important ta.x legislation both in New York and other States. As a lawyer he is careful, thorough, pain.staking, reliable and honest. Since early childhood Mr. Heald has given much attention to the culture of his voice and the study of music. He was a member of the Yale Glee Club while in college and since his graduation has been connected with some of the best known musical organizations in the country. He has been for more tlian twenty years a member of the Mendelssohn Glee Club, of New York City, the leading male chorus in the country. He was one of the founders of the Orange Mendelssohn Union, the most prominent of its kind in the .State of New Jersey, and has been for ten years its President. He was President of the New England Society, of Orange, in 1892-3-4; he was President of the Yale Alumni Association, of Essex County, N. J., for four years, and eight years chairman of the Executive Committee. He organized the Orange Distilleti Water Ice Compan\- and was its first and is still Presitlent of the company, lie is a member of the Ad\isory Board of the Sewer Committee, of Orange, and has been active in promoting public imi:)rovements. He is a trustee of the Trinity Congregational Church, of East Orange. Mr. Heald married, September 3, 1885, Miss Elizabeth Manning, daughter of Joseph E. Manning, of I-'itchliurg, Mass. Their children are Ruth Washburn and Daniel .Addison. THE KIDDER FAMILY. There is not an organized body of men in the Oranges who enjoy greater opportunities for doing good and promoting the welfare of the whole community than those connected with the New England Society. Mr. Camillus G. Kidder availed himself of the privilege to which he was justly entitled by reason of his New England ancestry, soon after he decided to make his home in Orange, and he has had no occasion to regret it. He has made for himself a name and place in this community. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 293 James Kidder was the ancestor of most if not of all the families of that name in America, but the family is tracctl throui^'h the English records to the thirteenth century. James, the patriarch of the American family of this name, was born at Rast Grinstead, in Sussex, England, in 1626, and was the son of James Kidder, of Mansfield. He was located at Cambridge, Mass., before 1650, where he married, about 1649, Anna Moore, daughter of Elder l->ancis Moore. In 1675, during King I'hilip's war, he was in the public service and kept guard over the small tribe "f Indians at Wamesct, now a part of Lowell, and was soon after appointed to the command of a garrison-house. He died April 16, 1676, in the midst of the war. He had twelve children, of whom /o/i/i was the fourth. John Kidder, fourth child of James and .Anna (Moore) Kidder, was born in Cambridge, in 1655-6, died in Chelmsford, Mass. He owned five hundred arces of land on the west side of Concord River, in Chelmsford, where he resided. He married Lydia, daughter of Abraham Parker, and had issue twelve children, of whom Thoiiias was the third. Thomas Kidder, third child of John and Lydia (Parker) Kidder, was born in Chelmsford, Mass., October 30, 1690. He married Joanna Keyes, December 31, 1716, and had five children, of whom Reuben was the third. Reuben Kidder, known as "Colonel Kidder," third child of Thomas and Joanna (Keyes) Kidder, was born in Chelmsford, now Westford, in 1723. He was a surveyor by occupation, and after the close of the French and Indian War of 1748 he purchased of some of the Ipswich grantees their dormant rights and became the principal founder of the town of New Ipswich. He turned his attention to the culture of fruit on a very extensive scale and had one of the largest and most valuable orchards in New England. He erected the first mill in this region. About 1770 Gov. Wentworth made him Colonel of a regiment of militia. At the cominencement of the Revokitinn he held two offces under the King and many of his friends were among the royal party. Declining to act under the authority of a Committee of Safety of the Provincial Congress, he was superseded in his military command by an act passed in 1775. He died September 20, 1793. He married Susanna Burge, March 21, 1754, and had twelve children, of whom Reuben was the sixth. Reuben Kidder (2), sixth child of Col. Reuben and Susannah (Burge) Kidder, was born in New Ipswich, April 3, 1768. After taking his degree of A. B., class of 1791, Dartmouth College, he qualified himself for the profession of law, and established himself at Waterville, Me., in the spring of 1795, the first lawyer who adventured so far north into what was then almost a wilderness. He moved to New Harmony, Iml., in 1816, where he died the year following. He married Lois Crosby and had four children, of whom Camilbis was the third. Camillus Kidder, third child of Reuben (2) and Lois (Crosby) Kidder, was born at Waterville, Me., June 27, 1805, died in Boston, January 16, 1883. He went to Bangor, Me., when a young man and engaged in business there, and moved to Baltimore, Md., in 1S42. He was a staunch Unionist during the Civil War and his business was greatly injured in consequence, and his personal safety threatened. Mr. Kidder married, October 16, 1834, Sarah Thompson Herrick, daughter of General Jedediah and Mehitable (Thompson) Herrick, of Hampden, Me. [The Herrick family are supposed to derive descent from Eric the Forester, and therefore from the ancient King of Sweden]. Gen. Jedediah Herrick was captain and major in the War of 181 2, and tlistinguished himself in action at the time of the burning of the corvette "John Adams." He was the first High Sheriff of Penobscot County, Me., and was Major- Gcncral of the Tenth Division, Massachusetts Militia (Maine then being a part of Massachusetts). He was the son of Joseph (^born 1746), and Elizabeth (Preston) Herrick, son of Major Israel Herrick, who served nineteen campaigns in the French and Indian War and left it a brevet-major; he also fought at Bunker Hill, in the Rc\olution, and resigned his commission as major when the army left Cambridge. He was the son of Benjamin, born 1700, son of Joseph (2), born 1667, son of Joseph (l), of Cherry Hill, Salem, Mass.; baptized 1645; known as "Governor," having commanded a military post or district. He was the son of Henry Herrick, the ancestor, born 1604, who settled in Salem, Mass., son of Sir William Herrick, of Beau Manor, County of Leicester, England. The children of Camillus and Sarah Thompson 294 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges (Herrick) Kidder, were : Elizabeth, married John Truslow, of New York City; Jerome Henr\-, who served during the War of the Revolution, and subsequently became surgeon in the U. S. Xavy, and Catnillus George. Camillus George Kidder, youngest child of Camillus and Sarah Thompson (Herrick) Kidder, was born in Baltimore, Md., July 6, 1850. He prepared for college at Philips' Academy, Exeter, N. H.. and graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1872. He was a good scholar, and took high rank in his class. After graduation he taught private pupils for about a year, and read law. In the spring of 1873 he visited the Vienna Exposition, and in the following autumn entered Harvard Law School where he received the degree of L.L. B., ciiui laiide. He then became managing clerk in the law office of Emott, Burnett & Hammond, New \'ork Cit\-. He was admitted to the New York bar in January, 1877, and became junior partner of the firm. In 1S79 '^'i'-' *^'''" name was changed to Emott, Hammond & Kidder. Upon the death of his late senior partner, James Emott, he started in the practice of law upon his own account. In 1891 he formed a copartnership with John S. Melcher, under the firm name of Kidder & Melcher, and this firm now enjoys a successful practice. Mr. Kidder has been a resident of Orange since 1882 and has made many warm friends. Public spirited and progressive, he has not only advocated, but has been active in promoting public improve- ments. He has served as a member of the Board of School Commissioners for Orange, where his advice and counsel were deemed useful. He is a working member of All Saints' Episcopal Church and has been a member of its vestry. He has served the New England Society of Orange, as Secretary and in other capacities. He was one of the original stockholders of the Orange Athletic Club and is a member of the South Orange Field Club. He organized the Essex County Electric Companw since absorbed by the Newark Electric Light and Power Company, and was for many \-ears a director and the counsel of the former corporation. He is a member of various literary and other societies in New York and elsewhere, among which are the New luigland -Society, of New \'ork. New York Historical and Genea- logical Society, New York Reform Club, Harvard, Church and University Clubs, of New York, Phi Beta Kappa Alumni Association, New York Civil Service Reform Association, Philips' Exeter Academj- Association and the Bunker Hill Association, of Boston, Mass. Mr. Kidder married, December 3, 1881, Matilda Cushman Faber, daughter of Gustavus William and Angelica Cushman I'abcr, of New ^'ork. Their children are Jerome F'aber, Lois I'aber and George Herrick I-'aber. THE L'HOMMEDIEU FAHILY. " I'airhome," the home of the L'Hommedieus, is one of the attractive features of the locality known as Mountain Station, a little north of the South Orange line. The place abounds in trees, shrubs, flowers, in great variety, covering three acres of ground and formerly known as the Hamlin Place. It occupies an elevated position and the \iew is unsurpassed. Around and about the place there is e\er\- indication of lu.vury and refinement, comprising all that constitutes a nioilel home. iWr. L'Hommedieu has in his possession one of the most interesting relics ever brought to this country, viz., the Bible which belonged to his ancestor, Henjamin L'Hommedieu. It was printetl in I'.nglancl in i6^"o and contains the following inscription written by its original owner: "The first /rw/.v that I came to this countr\- I lande at K()d Island the first february, 1686." The name indicates the character of the family, which signifies "the man of (iod." This was one of the numerous Huguenot families who were driven from France after the revocation of the Edict of Xantes. This Benjamin was the son of John and Patience (Throckmorton) L'Hommedieu, born in 1618, died in Newport, R. I., 1708. Benjamin was born in Rochelle, France, in 1665, and, as the inscription in his Bible shows, came to this country in "february, 16S6." He removed later to Southold, L. I., where he had special privileges granted him by the Governor of the Province of New York and opened a store for trade in the new village. He married Patience, daughter of Capt. Nathaniel Sylvester, of The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 29s koxbury, England, who then owned Sylvester's — now known as Shelter — Island. Benjamin was a thriving, prosperous merchant in his day. llis ciiildrcn were Benjamin, Jr., Hosea, Sylvester, /V/«r, and two daughters, Patience and Susan. Iknjaniin, Sr., died January 4, 1748-9. Peter L'Mommedicu, fourth child of Benjamin and Patience (Sylvester) L' I lommcdicu, was born at Southold, L. I., August 19, 1699. He married and had, among other children, a son, Constant. Constant I.'l lommedieu, son of Peter, was born F"cbruary 5, 1730. lie married Deborah Young and had a son, Xut/Kiiiiii. Nathaniel L'Hommedieu. son of Constant antl Deborah (Young) L'Hommcdieu, was born August 19, 1762. He married Ann Burcham. He followed the sea for many years as master of a vessel and later engaged in the shipping business and was recognized as one of the leading merchants in the city. He was always known as Capt. Nathaniel, lie had, among other children, a son, Xnt/nuiii/ Constant. Nathaniel Constant l.'Hommedieu, son of Capt. Nathaniel and .\nn ( Burchamj L'Hommcdieu, was born in New \'ork City, March 4, 1810. He married Jane Maria Hepburn, and had two children. Ward Burcham and Syhcstcr Yoinii^. Syi.VESTKR Yol'NG L'HoMMKDiKr, son of Nathaniel Constant and Jane Maria ( Hepburn 1 L'Huin- medieu. was born in New York City. He lived for a number of years with his parents in Brooklyn, and was educated at the Polytechnic Institute. His earliest business experience was acquired in the silk house of E. H. Arnold with whom he remained for ten years, and at the time of his separation occu- pied an important position with this house. In he started in the rubbei business under the firm name of S. V. L'Hommedieu & Co., representing different manufacturing firms of rubber goods. He built up a successful trade which has constantly increased from year to year. The firm was changed to the S. ^'. L'Hommedieu Co., in 1886 and a stock company was formed. Mr. L'Hommedieu's con- nection with Orange began in 1874, w'hen he took up llis residence at Mountainside .Station. Later he purchased the Hamlin place on Montrose Avenue, on which he made many impro\-cmL-nts, both interior and e.xterior. lioth he and his wife have been for many years prominent in social affairs in the Oranges. He was for some years a member of the Orange Athletic Club and is at present a member of the Esse.v County Countrj- Club. While a resident of Brooklyn Mr. L'Hom- medieu became impressed with the beauties of symbolic or speculative Masonry and was made a member of Anglo-Saxon Lodge, No. 137, F. & A. M. In capitular Masonry he was advanced and e.xalted in Constellation Chapter, R. A. M., of Brooklyn. Mr. L'Hommedieu married .Abby Caroline Baldwin, daughter of Isaac Preston Baldwin, of Orange, born 1821, son of Isaac, born 1791. son of Caleb, born 1757, son of Ezekiel. born 1719, son of John, born 1683, son of Jonathan, born 1649, son of Joseph, the Newark ancestor. The children of this marriage are Frank Arnold, Sylvester V., Natalie Constant and .\ugusta Bean. SYLVESTER YOUNG I. IIOMMEUIEL'. 296 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. GEORGE BAYLES, H. D., was born in the city of New York, August 7, 1836. He was prepared for college at private schools, graduated at the College of the City of New York in 1856, and later from the Medical Department of Columbia College. He was surgeon on a packet ship of the Blackball Line and immediately after the breaking out of the war was appointed assistant surgeon of the Twenty-fifth Regiment, N. Y. Volunteers, and was transferred to the First Regiment, N. Y. Heavy Artillerj-, which later became the F'ourth Regiment, of which he was appointed surgeon with rank of Major. Later he became assistant surgeon U. S. A. and served until the close of the war. On his return he located at Irvington-on-the-Hudson and served for some years as local sanitary inspector in the late Metropolitan Board of Health. In 1867 he became a Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine. He settled in Orange in 1879 ^vhere he has since continued in active practice. He has been for eight years on the staff of the Orange Memorial Hospital and is connected with the various medical societies. THE HITCH FAMILY. The name of Hitch, although rather an unusual one, is familiar to the people of the Oranges through Mr. Henry F. Hitch's connection with the New England Society as its President, and also through other organizations with which he has been identified during his residence of a quarter of a century. This is a family of considerable antiquit}-, ha\ing its origin in Worcestershire and Berkshire, England. According to the standard works on heraldry the family bore .-Jrwj-. — Quarterly; first and fourth, or a bend vair, between two cotises, indented sable ; second and third per fesse, or and sable three estoiles counterchanged. Crest. — An antelope's head, erased, sable tufted, armed, and manned or, vulned through the neck with a bird-bolt or, feathered argent, holding the end in his mouth. Motto. — Avi numerantur avorum. The American ancestor of the Hitch family settled in ^Maryland in the early part of the seventeenth century. Samuel, the fourth in descent from the ancestor, with his brother and cousin, removed to Fairhavcn, Mass., and that part of the town where he resided became known as Hitchville. Capt. Joshua Hitch, son of .Samuel, was born in Fairhaven, Mass. He was a well-known sea captain and a brave and fearless officer. During the War of 1812-15 he commanded the privateer Governor Gerry. She was schooner-built and thoroughly equipped for business. After landing a cargo of silks and other valuable goods in some French port, she came out July 29, 18 13, and ran directly into a fleet (if British men-of-war. She was given chase and only surrendered after she had carried awa\' all her spars. Capt. Hitch carried the first .American flag to Rio Grantle. l^razil. He married Mary \\'ilke\- and had a son, Henry Iliraiii. Henry I lir.ini Hitch, son of Capt. Joshua and Mary (Wilkey) Hitch, was born in Fairhaven, Mass., in 1805. He went out to Periiambuco, Brazil, when a young man, where he was engaged as clerk in a commission house. He was living there at the time Lord Cochran bombarded and captured the city, in 1824. He subsequently sailed as supercargo of a vessel and rose to the position of captain. In 1835 he formed a copartnership with his brother-in-law, Henry Forster, and established a large trade between I'ernambuco and the United States. He was well and fa\orably known in the shipping trade. He died at his home in Brazil in 1847. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Jireh Swift, of New Bedford, Mass., a direct descendant of William Swift, who came from Bocking, County Suffolk, England. He was in Watertown, Mass., 1634, and removed thence to Sandwich in 1644. His widow, Joan , made her will October 12, 1662, and named son William and others. William (2), son of William (i), was a representative at the General Court at Sandwich, 1673-4-7-8. By his wife, Ruth, he had eleven children, one of \\\\ovn, Jireh, the eighth, was born 1665. Jireh (i), son of William Swift, was born in 1665, married Abigail Gibbs, and had a son, Jireh {2). Jireh Swift (2), son of Jireh (l), was born November 23, 1709, married Deborah Hathaway and had, among other children, a son, Jireh (3). Jireh Swift (^3), son of Jireh (2) and Deborah (Hathaway) Swift, was born in 1740. He served with the Massachusetts Militia in the War of the Revolution as corporal in Capt. .\braham Washburn's V •tfRv m X J,^' \ HENRY F. HITCH. Tin-: Founders and Buii.df.rs of the Oranges. 207 company. Cdl. Rdward MitclicM's regiment, in 1776. hi July, i7.Su, he was scr^'i,int in the -amc compan\-, ami volunteered for service on the alarm of July 30, in Rhode Island. He married Kli/aheth Haskell, and had a ■-.on, J irr/i (4). Jireh Swift (41, son of Jirch (3), was born SeplemlHr 26, 1773: married i-Jizabeth Hathaway and had issue, twelve children, ci| whom Elizabeth H., born .\u^nist 9, iSc/", w.is the eldest. She married, as before stated. Henry llii.mi lliti.h. Hknkv l-iiRsiKK 111 nil, only son of Capt. Henry Hiram and Elizabeth iSwifi 1 Hitch, was born at l'"airhaven. Mass., 1S35. He was educated at .Stephen M. Weld's school, Jamaica I'l.iins, Mass.. and began his business career as cK-rk in the dry goods commission house of Wright & Whitman, Boston. From there he went to I'ernambuco. Brazil, in 1S54. and entered his Lite father's firm (Henry I*"orsfer & Co. I. of which he became a partner in 1857, remaining there permanently until iSCi. He then came to Xew ^'ork .md rstai)lisluil the house of H. H. Swift & Co. He has continued his connection with the old firm f(U mme tli.iii lort_\- years, going back and forth as occasion required. His is one of the best know 11 and is now the only .\merican firm in Bernambuco, Brazil. He has largely increased the trade between Brazil and tlu Uniterty acres of land there in 1637 and eight hundred acres in Dartmouth. He was the son of Jean de Launey, a 298 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. I'rencli Hu'Tuenot, expelled with his w ifc from France on account of his religion. He married, fust, in 1634, Hester Dewsbury : married, second, Mary, daughter of William I'ontus. Mrs. Hitch mee Delano) traces her descent from Philippe de la Noye through Jonathan, the fourth son, born 164S, Thomas, born 1704, married Jane Peckham, Ephraim, horn 1733. married Elizabeth Cushman. Allerton. born 1767, married Sarah Clement, Joseph C, married, first, Alice R. Howland. second. Sylvia Swift. The children of Henry F. and Elizabeth (Delano) Hitch are Allerton, Sylvia, Joseph, Julia, Elizabeth. Allerton, the eldest, was born in Pernambuco, Brazil, and was educated at Adams Academy, Ouincy, Mass. He has been for some years engaged in the importing business in New \'iirk. He married Gertrude Minna Dumbell, daughter of Rev. George W. Dumbell, D. D. Joseph, the third child and second son, is a graduate of Harvard College and now employed in a dry goods commission house in New \'ork. THE TILNEY FAHILY. The family of Tilney is of Norman origin, but derives from the town of Tilney, in the county of Norfolk, England, and was one of ^^^t^:^.^ ,^ ^^ « (0 a,.-i^^^^jSL^\ ^^'^^ most ancient of Knights' degrees V^- "" y /')' till' Siiiiiti and (iiiiira/ .Issiinh/y of the State of Xcw Jcrscv, That all that part of the town of Orange and the townships of Caldwell and Livingston, contained within the following bounds, to wit: Heginning at the corner of Orange and Caldwell townships at the southeast corner of Caldwell township, thence along the Hloomfield and Caldwell line in a northerly direction thirty chains; thence in a direct line in a westerly direction to the county bridge, near the residence of Mrs. .S. E. Underbill ; thence farther, in a westerly direction, to the southeast corner of the lot of land known as the park lot on the Second Mountain, now owned by Alexander S. (iould; thence along the southern boundary of said park lot twenty chains; thence in a straight line in a southerly direction to the new county bridge over Canoe Brook, on the Swinefield Road, near the residence of Jacob Williams; thence farther, in a southerly direction, in a straight course to the township of Millburn, at a point sixty chains west from the mill known as Keenan's mill, being the corner of Orange, South Orange, Millburn and Livingston townships; thence in an easterly course along the line of the township of Millburn, to the aforesaid mill; tlience further, in an easterly direction, along the line of the township of South Orange, to the southeast corner of James E. Smith's land on the top of the Orange Mountain ; thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to the west side of the mouth of the road known as Perry Lane, near Columbus Meeker's house; thence along the westerly side of said Perry's Lane to its intersection with the Swinefield Road; thence in a straight line to the ])lacc of beginning, be and the same is hereby set off into a new town- ship, to be called the township of I''airniount. "2. And be it ciiactid. That the inhabitants of the township of I'"airmount are hereby constituted a body politic and corporate in law, and shall be styled and known by the name of 'the inhabitants of the township of l-'airmount. in the county of I'.ssex," and shall he entitlctl to all the rights, powers, authority and privileges and subject to the same laws, regulations, governments and liabilities as the inhabitants of the other townships in the said county of Essex are or may be entitled or subject to by the existing laws of this State. "V And he it enaeted,'X\\2.\. the inhabitants of the tow^nship of Fairmount shall hold their first town meeting at the West Orange school-house in the said township of I-'airmount, on the second Monday in April ensuing." CiiAN(;iN(; 1)1" Namk .\n1> Bound.xkiks. The second act of the State Legislature referred to, approved March 14, 1863, was as follows: •• I. Be it EXACTKI) by the Senate and General Assembly of the State 0/ .Veu- Jersey, That all that part of the town of Orange, in the said county of Essex, contained within the following bounds to wit: Beginning at a point twelve chains westerly from the northwest corner of the bridge near the late 302 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. residence of iVlexander Sayrc, deceased, on the dividing line between Orange and IMoomfield, thence running in a straight line to l-"rancis Burnside's well ; thence south in a straight line to the southwest corner of the gas works, on White Street; thence up the westerly side of said White Street to the bridge; thence south in a straight line to the corner of the lands belonging to the heirs of Charles Lighthipe, deceased, and the heirs of Jacob A. Sharp, deceased, on the south side of Main Street; thence south in a straight line to the easterly line of Amos Stagg's lot; thence south in a straight line- to a brook in Joyce Street; thence along the line of said brook south to the north side of Freemantown Road; thence southwesterly along the line of said road to the county bridge near the school-house; thence south down the brook to the South Orange line ; thence west along the South Orange line to the southeast corner of I-'airmount ; thence along the line of the said township of Fairmount in its several courses to the Bloomfield line; thence along the Bloomfield line in its several courses to the place of beginning; be, and the same is hereby set off from the town of Orange, and annexed to and made a part of the township of Fairmount, in said county, to all mtents and purposes as if said territory had originally been a part of said township; and that the act entitled ''an act to create from parts of the town iif Orange and the townships of Caldwell and Livingston, in tlie said county of Essex, a new township to be called the township of I'airmount, ap]iroved March eleventh, Anno Domini eighteen hundretl and sixt\--two. shall have the same force and effect within the territory hereby annexed as thc\- have heretofore held, and now rightfully have within the original limits of said townshij). "2. .liid be it iiiactid. That the name of said township of Fairmount be and the same is hereby changed to West Orange." The present township is bounded on the east by the town of Montclair and the cit\- of Orange, on the south by South Orange and Milburn, on the west by Livingston and Caldwell, and on the north by Caldwell and Montclair. It embraces within its boundaries 4,621 acres of land, most of which is laid out in handsome building lots. In its limits are Llewellyn and Hutton Parks and the famous Eagle Rock. Two mountain langes cross the townships, running nearly parallel to each other from northeast to southwest. These are known respectively as the First and Second Mountains. The hulian name given the former was Wachung or Wachtschunk, meaning on the hill or at the mountain, or the hilly spot. The principal stream in the township is the west branch of the Rahway River. The township is noted for its fine streets and broad avenues, nearly all of which arc paved with Telford pavement, the stone being taken from the quarries on the mountain. The road now known as Northfield Avenue, which winds around the southern side of the mountain, w'as the first road over the mountain from Newark to Whippany, through Livingston, and was tlie route taken by the New York and Easton stage line. The old turn])ike, which was built and owned by a company chartered by the State Legislature, did not open the road at present known as Mount Pleasant A\enue until 1807, more than one hundred years after the old road had been in use. The Swinefield road, now Eagle Rock .\venue, has been in use a little more than one hundred years. The name originated, it is said, from the fact that a number of farmers about Tory Corners were in the habit, in the spring of every year, of driving large herds of swine by that route to the Passaic River, near what later became known as Swinefiekl Bridge, leaving them there to pasture through the summer. The earliest settlers on the side of the mountain within the present boundaries of West Orange before any roads leading thereto were constructed, were Anthony Olef, George Day antl Matthew Williams. The names of Nutman, Crane, Ball and Wall families are alsfc mentioned in the early records. The Cranes and Balls settled mostly in Cranetown, farther north on the side of the mountain. Anthony Olcff's homestead was in the present Llewellyn Park. George Day had surveyed to him, in 1685, sixty acres bounded with the mountain west, Matthew Williams south. Wigwam Brook east and the Common north. In 1688-9 George Day exchanged lands with Matthew Williams, the latter parting with his dwelling house, shop, other edifices and orchard and lands near Newark, and receiving two tracts at the mountain — one bounded east by Wigwam Brook and the other on Parrow's lirook. The lands near Eagle Rock so acquired were known to the later descendants as the David Day fields. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 303 The country west of Watchuiig (W'atscluink) or I'irst Mountain, in 1700, liad but a sparse popula- tion of Indians of the Delaware nation. These, it is said, removed to Canada about 1750. The first distinctive mention made of the lantls beyond W'atchung, or Orange Mountain, in connection witli local affairs, is found in the town records of Newark. An item under date of October 2, 1699, indicates that a Mr. Pierson (Samuel, son of Thomas, Sr.) and Ensign Johnson were appointed a committee by the tiiun anthnritics to negotiate the purchase of the ''tract lying westward of our bounds to the Passaic River." The parties did not at this time, however, succeed in actpiiring a grant or deed from the proprietors. Among the earliest settlers between the First and Second Mountains were Samuel Pierson, whose home was on the line of the Northfield Road, where he settled, probably, before 1719, and Samuel Conilit. who, about the year 1720. purchased land in what is now known as Pleasant Valley. Hefore the close of the last century the valle\- was cleared and divided up into farms of fifty to one lunulred acres. These were accessible by the two roads referred to— one, the Northfield Road leading to Morristown through Northfield and a little to the north of Madison, and the other through Hanover to the same place; these were the main thoroughfares to Morris County. The northern of the two roads — Mt. Pleasant Turnpike — was incorporated in 1806. A middle road, known by the oldest inhabit- ants as the "old road," connected the valley with Perry's Lane, now Prospect A\'enue. From the point of intersection of this road with Perry's Lane a path led over the mountain and down the same to Orange, intersecting the Northfield Road a few yards above the turn known as "blue bird corner." This path was called the Christian's Path, as it was the most direct approach to Orange for those who came on foot to attend divine service at the old First Church. Stephen D. Day's infantry company, organized in the War of 1812, was largely composed of residents of the second valley. Along this path Capt. Day took his men to their accustomed place of drill on the common, in Orange, where they were joined by other residents of the township. As they passed through the narrow defile of the Christian's Path they improved it by making steps in the more precipitous parts of the rock, affording a more easy passage. TOWNSHIP GOVERNMENT. The first meeting of the Township Committee of the township of Fairmount was held July 15, 1862, in the West Orange school-house and organized by the election of .Ambrose Condit as chairman. Several meetings were held during the year and considerable business transacted. The first meeting of the Township Committee for the township of West Orange was held in the early part of April. 18^)3. and on the 25th of the same month the committee met and appointed overseers of roads for the four road districts as follows: First district. Jeptha H. I.indsley ; second district, Ira Harrison; third district. John Gramies; fourth district, Lawrence Koclier. The township was divided into districts as follows: By Mount Pleasant Turnpike and Main Street running east and west; by the former lines between Orange and Fairmount running north and south. At a meeting of the Township Committee held April 18, 1864, it was ordered that the Poor Farm owned in conjunction with Orange, or so much of it as was owned by West Orange, be sold for three hundred dollars per acre. Among those who have filled the position of chairman of the Township Committee are: Simeon Harrison, 1863, 1870; Davis CoUamore, 1868; Samuel O. RoUinson, 1875, 1S77 79; James W. Field, 1864-5-6-7; E. Condit, 1869; D. M. Babcock, 1871-2; Egbert Starr, 1873; George Lethbridge, 1874; Jabez H. Hagard, 1876, 1883; Alfred G. Atkins, 1882. The members of the Township Committee for 1896 are: Carl Fentzlaff, John Reid, George S. Dodd, Abraham S. Overmiller, Levi Van Buskirk. 1 he present Assessor is Frank O'Connor; Collector of Ta.xes, William N. Williams; Township Clerk, Cornelius Sexton; Justices of the Peace, Edmund Condit and Elijah D. Burnett; Overseer of the Poor. Philip Kenneal\-; Road Commissioner, Henry Miller. EDUCATIONAL. The growth of the public school system in West Orange has been slow, owing to the fact that the beneficiaries of this system were few in number. The scattered district schools have been in existence 304 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. from the time of the earliest settlement along the mountain and in the \alley be\-ond. The reminis- cences of John C. Williams, in the History of Essex and Hudson Counties, contain the following in reference to one of the old time school-houses: "In the centre of the triangle formed b}' the junction of Washington Street, Valley and Kagle Rock Roads, stood the Tory Corner school-house, a one-story box without porch, lobby or closet, about twenty by thirty feet on the ground, with eight feet posts, weather boarded and ceiled with poplar boards, a hole in one corner to shove a boy through in case it took fire between ceiling and roof, a brick chimney in the centre resting on the ceiling beams, a cast iron box stove with straight pipe directly underneath, a door in the southern gable, no paint outside or in, a few loads of tan bark banked around the base to keep out the wintry winds, etc." Corporal punishment was the rule in those days for unruly boys, and the cherry ruler formed a part of the "working tools" of the [irofessional teacher. One of the early teachers remembered b\' the past generation was Shaler Justin Hillycr, who taught in West Or.inge from about 1821 to 1827. The old district school system continued in force until Jul\-, 1894, when new laws were enacted providing for a Board of Education in all townshi[js. There are now six well conducted schools in West < )range, all under the management of a Board of Education. These are numbered and classified as follows: No. I. Si'. Mark's Scikxh., located on X'alley Road, near the entrance to Llewellyn I'ark. The original hiiiKling of brown stone and trap rock was erected in 1S65, at a cost of about §12, COO. A brick addition was built at a later period, costing about S20,ooo. It has a seating capacity of about 470 and the average attendance is about 400. It contains nine rooms besides a recitation room. It is a graded school and is full\- equippetl for the higher branches of education. The principal, Mr. Edward D. McCollum, A. M., who is also superintendent of the schools of West Orange, is a man of large experi- ence, good judgment and well fitted for the position. He has ten assistants, including the vice- principal, Miss Lilian J. I""ield. No. 2 Till-: Vam.KV Scihxu,. This is located on Valley Road, near Mitchell Street. It is a substantial frame building, erected about 1878. There has been a gradual increase in the attendance, necessitating an addition in 1886, doubling the seating capacit}', so that it will now accommodate about 200 pupils. The value of the property is about S'o.ooo. The average attendance is 140. Miss Rose Helen Fay is principal, with three female assistants. No. 3. W ASiiiNcroN" Si'llmii,. This is an old school district and the former buildings were frame. The frame school-house erected 1)\- Aaron Hmr Harrison many years ago was subsequent!)- moved and converted into a stable ami is located in the rear of the homestead of his two daughters. The present brick edifice which stands on the corner of Washington Street and Eagle Rock Avenue was begun in 1894 and completed and occupied in I'Ybruary, 1 895. The princijial is Miss Alice Burroughs, who has three female assistants. The seating capacity is about 225 and the average attendance 190. Owing to the growth of the population in that vicinity, it became necessary to add a kindergarten with one teacher and about 40 pupils, occupying the hall over the class rooms. No. 4. Pl.KASANT Uai.K ScilDdi.. This is located on Eagle Rock Road in the valley beyond Eagle Rock. The school district is one of the oldest in West Orange. There is a good frame building which was erected about iS7oatacost of §1,800. In 1895 the building was raised and abasement fitted up so as to provide the children with a play-room in stormy weather. The total cost of the lot and building is about $2,500. It has a .seating capacity of about 100 and the average attentlancc is 60. Miss Martha L. (iillman is principal and has one female assistant. It is a graded school. No. 5. Mnrsr Pi. HASAN r SclKiiil,, located on Mt. Pleasant Avenue in the valley, near the old homestead of "Stjuire" Williams. This is a frame building with accommochitions for about 75 pupils, taught by Miss Anna L. I'airley. No. 6. Si. Cl.iUU) Sciiooi., located on Swamp Road, between the l-~irst and .Second Mountains, near Northfield .\ venue. This, a frame building, was erected about 1886 to accommodate the growing population of this neighborhood, composed mostly of laboring and farming people. It has a seating capacity of 100, with an average attendance of 70. It is a graded school, in charge of Miss Mae Welsh, The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 305 principal, and one female assistant. The present members of tlie Hoard of Eiiucation are: George R. Stagg, President; John J. Kenney, Clerk; Wendell P. Garrison, Alfred R. Kimball, Jotham S. I'ierson. James A. McGlynn, Orville E. Freeman, Charles R. Wilmont, Thomas S. Drummond. Gi:()R(;i; Ranixh.I'H Stacc. Probably no one man has done more to advance the cause of educa- tion in West Orange than Mr. Stagg. Under the old district school system he worked for more than twenty years to secure the best advantages possible for children that were dependent on the public schools for their education, and when the new compulsory law was passed requiring all townships in the State to be placetl under the control of a Board of ICducation, Mr. Stagg was elected tlie first President of the Board of Education of West Orange, and still holds that position. He is a prominent factor in politics and in November, 1S94, was elected to represent his township as a member of Essex County Board of Freeholders. Mr. Stagg is a native of Orange and was educated at the public schools. He learned the sash and bliml trade and afterwards entered the employ of McCullough, Barry & Co., as book-keeper, later with Cummings, Barry & Co., and their successors, Cummings, Matthews & Barry. He has held the same position with John J. I'errine since 1893. He is a Past Grand of Live Oak Lodge, L O. O. v.. Regent of Hillside Council, No. 1329, R. A. He married Emma Augustus Veeder. Amos Alonzo Stagg, a brother of George R., was born in Orange, August 16, 1862. He graduated at Orange High School, later at Exeter, N. H., Academy, and at Yale College in 1888. He was one of the noted athletes of Yale and graduated from there with high honors. He afterwards became connected with the School of Christian Workers, at Springfield, Mass. When the new Chicago Univer- sity was opened he was appointed to the cliair of Moral and PIn-sical Culture and still holds that position. George R.and Amos A. Stagg were the sons of Amos L., who married Eunice Pierson, a descendant of Thomas. He was the son of Jacob Stagg, who married Sarah Tompkins. This Jacob was probably a grandson of John Stagg, Jr. (son of John, the ancestor), born in New York Cit\-, 1732; a man of wealth and influence who owned several houses in the city which were burned during the occupancy of the city by the British in the Re\olutionary War. He removed to Orange County, N. Y., and repre- sented his district in the Assembly, and after his return to New York was again elected to the Assembly. He was a member of the General Societ\' of Mechanics and Tradesmen, and was President of the F"ire Department of which he was one of the most active founders. He was an ardent patriot during the war and a man of much influence in the civil affairs. He died of yellow fever in 1803. He was twice married, his first wife being Rachael Conklin ; his second, Anneke Stoutenborough. By his first wife he had Abraham and John; b}- his second, he had Isaac, Henr\-. Ann, Abraham, Peter, Nellie, Phebe Wood, Benjamin and Philip. CHALYBEATE SPRING. The healthfulness and natural beauty of Orange Mountain was first brought to the attention of the outside world by the discovery, in 1820, of the Chalybeate .Spring on the eastern slope of the mountain, within the enclosure now known as Hutton Park. A correspondent of one of the New York papers, under date of June 7, 1854, says: " Near the centre of the town is situated the Orange Mineral Spring — one of the most fashionable places of resort in the United States. L'p to 1834, Orange was the great American Saratoga. The grounds in the neighborhood of the Springs still present their original features. There is every descrip- tion of scenerj- — hill and dale, lake and stream, gardens, walks among the hills, etc., to make it attractive. The old woodland retreats and meandering paths are still visible. The orchestra, where the band once performed, stands, but in a neglected state. The property is now owned by two wealthy individuals doing business in New York. * * * Strangers of becoming mien are permitted to wander among the old haunts of a by-gone period, where the uorkl of fashion moved in a galaxy of light and beauty during the summer months, shut out as it were from the cares and perplexities of business. These ex- tensive grounds seemed desolate and forsaken — the /I'/f of other da\-s was wanting to gladden the land- scape and give effect to the picture. Pausing to reflect upon the past, and compare it witli the [iresent. ^o6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges the mind is incontinently led into a dream\-. pensi\-e state. Here stood magnificent hotels, the resort of the ' upper tendom,' where feasting and merriment was the order of the day, and where music, with its ' voluptuous swell," sounded among the woods, and was carried away upon the balm\- air of a sum- mer evening, animating and cheering the hearts of thousands. The place is now deserted — seldom visited even by 'straggling feet.' It has become private property, and, of course, is sacred, forbidden ground to the world at large. What a pity such a beautiful place could not be revived. The present generation of New ^'ork must be unconscious of the attractions of Orange, or they would never suffer this famous watering [)lace to go to decay — we mean the pleasure grounds. Saratoga, xcithout Iter iiiiiural springs, is not to be compared n.,.'ith it." This property is a part of Nathaniel Wheeler's farm, one of the first settlers at the Mountain. The road leading to this property was one of the first laid out in the county. Book A, of Esse.\ County CHALYBEATE SPRING, BUTTON PARK. Roads, contains the following reference to the " Highways and Roads laiil out by tiic Commissioners of Newark, in the County of Esse.x, 8th October, 1705": '' First, a Road from Town to the foot of the Mountains, or Wheeler's, as the path now runs, as straight as the Ground will allow." On the old maps this is described as the "Crane road," which began at the head of Market Street, in Newark, continuing through Orange to Nathaniel Wheeler's, "at the foot of the Mountain." The portion of the farm referred to, passed to Samuel, son of Nathaniel Wheeler, who died in 1762, and is described as 'apart of the homestead of Samuel Wheeler, deceased." This .Samuel be- queathed it to his daughter, Sarah, wife of Nathaniel Lindsley, and to Sarah Wheeler, daughter of his son, Samuel Wheeler. Sarah Wheeler married Joel Condit, and it afterwards became known as the Condit property. In 1805, Joel Condit and Sarah, his wife, conveyed seventeen acres to their son, "John Ci>ndit, Esq.," "except the privileges granted to Moses Condit and others, for the use of an aque- The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 30; duct in Orange." lie conveyed to his son. Joseph Condit, Jr., certain portions of the projjerty, "except- ing and reserving from the same, the equal one-half part of the mill, mill-seat, dams, races, and privileges belonging thereto." The mill property referred to was a grist mill, run for several years by the Condits, but abandoned some time before the discovery of the mineral sjjring, and, in 1833, the mill was purchased by David Tompkins and converted into a dwelling-house. This stood on the present site of the Heckscher billiard-room. The discoloration of the water, as it flowed over the raceway, indicating a deposit of iron and sulphur, had often been observed, and, in the early part of 1820 a spring was opened, which fully confirmed the belief that it contained valuable mineral properties. An analysis was made by a New York chemist, and the news of the discovery spread far and wide. Mr. Levi Lighthipe (still living, 1896,) remembers seeing the first shovelful of earth taken out of the spring. Shortly after the discovery of this spring, a correspondent of the Xt-wark Ciiitiml, under date of August 29, 1820, writes: " Not long since notice was taken in your paper of a newly discovered mineral spring, at a place called Williamsville, situated in the north part of the village of Orange; more recently a discovery has been made of another spring on the land of Joseph Condit, Jr., about a mile and a quarter southwest of the one at Williamsville. It is situated in a valley of some depth, on the east side of the first, or what is more generally called ' Newark Mountain.' "The water nf this spring, which is now called, for distinction's sake, Condit's Spring, is thought to be highly impregnated with mineral and medicinal qualities. No thorough or complete analysis of it has yet taken place, I believe, but from partial experiments made by Dr. McNevin, of the city of New York, and Mr. Clinton, of this county, there is no doubt it is highly chalybeate, and that its properties are ver\- similar to those of tlie celebrateil springs at Schooley's Mountain. In a short time it is ex- pected the public will be gratified with the results of thorough ex])eriment made ujjon it by both of the scientific gentlemen above mentioned; and should it prove as favorable as now conjectured, I entertain no doubt that the resort to it for health and pleasure will equal that of any other chalybeate spring in the United States. The date of its disco\ery is not more than a fortnight since, and so great is the celebrity it has already acquired, that the number of visitors have, on some days, exceeded five hundred. All, as far as I have heard, express themselves highly gratified with their visits. Not only to the water does their approbation extend, but the wild, romantic and picturesque scener)- which nature has thrown around it, is the subject of much praise and admiration. Indeed, it is worth visiting, if it were only to enjoy the romantic beauties of the place; but, when added to this, you are enabled to drink freely of the water, calculated to give strength and tonic to the enfeebled and debilitated system, no wonder it has so soon become a place of fashionable resort " The same paper, of September 20, contains the following from another correspondent: "The discovery of the mineral spring at Orange has e.xcited the greatest attention, and whatever virtue is possessed by its waters, it would be wonderful if all who resort thither were healed of their diseases. That it has proved beneficial to many, there remains but little doubt, while hundreds repair to the place, drink its waters and return with no other benefit than is derived from the gratification of the ride and a view of the romantic scencr)' around the spring." This correspondent complains that the Sunday traffic interferes with "Divine worship," and sa\-s that "the street, morning and evening, is thronged with chairs, waggons and stages from this town (Newark), who go about through the streets of the town and gather up their passengers, as on week days, disturbing the quietness of the day." The same paper, under date of May 6, 1821, says: "We understand Mr. Joseph Condit has disposed of his farm and mineral spring to a gentleman, late a resident of tlie city of New York. The growing celebrity of the water and the prospect of its becoming a place of general resort of invalids, as well as others who need recreation during the relaxing months of summer, has induced the present owners to undertake ample accommodations for \ isitors, and to improve by art the charming natural sceneries of the place. In addition to a regular boarding-house, places for bathing and shower baths are to be erected as a still further means of promoting health. 3o8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. "Tlie committee appointed by the Essex District Medical Society to inquire into the chemical and medical qualities of the Orange spring water in their report state that ' the water flows copiously ; its temperature during the hottest season was 62 degrees Fahrenheit, and during the winter it was observed to maintain its fluidity twenty rods. The water contains a rich proportion of iron, with some magnesia, as our limited experiment has tested, and which is fully ascertained by the more extended and accurate experiments of Mr. George Chelton, whose analysis, we beg leave to state, is most worthy of attention. He estimated the waters to contain per gallon : Of carbonated iron, 3.3 gr., between 4 and 5 grs. of sulphur, and the different salts of magnesia, lime, soda in various and undetermined proportions." " The following advertisement appeared in the Ciiitincl o{ March 18, 182 1 : Mineral Spring Stage. The subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public in general that he will, for their better accommodation and convenience, start his stage from Newark to the Spring at Orange on the first day of April and continue at the Spring half an hour and then return, every day in the week, weather permitting, and on Sundays at six o'clock in the morning. For seats apply at the house of Stephen Roff, Inkeeper, or of the subscriber in Bank Street. Price of fare to and from the spring, twenty-five cents if taken from the stage-house, or an extra price if called for at their own houses. Should encouragement offer, the stage will be run in the afternoon, at 3 o'clock. Newark, N. J.. March 3, 1821. THOM.XS THOMPSON. The discovery of this spring, and the e.xciteinent occasioned by it, awakened the "spring fever," and searches began in other directions for t lie " healing waters," with gratifying results. The Xci^-ark Ccntiml, of June 12, 1821, contained the following: "The discovery of the Mineral Spring on the premises of Mr. J. Condit, at Orange, has for soine months past excited a considerable degree of interest, and has been the subject of frequent communica- tions in the public prints. It will doubtless be recollected that early last season notice was given of the discovery of a Mineral Spring at VVilliamsville, in the township of Orange, and about a mile distant from the Condit .Spring. An analysis of the water of Mr. Williams' Spring has at length been made, and suitable buildings for bathing, and for the accommodation of visitors, have been provided. " Persons desirous of using the waters can be accommodated with board in private families in the immediate vicinit\- of the spring. * * * The difference in the medical virtues of these two springs — their eligible and health)- situations, and their contiguity to each other, while they present to the valetudinarian a nmre certain prospect of relief, cannot fail mutually to conspire to render the neighbor- hood of the location one of the most important and fashionable watering places in the country, as it is confidently believed that two springs, so highly impregnated with valuable mineral substances, and so contiguous to each other, are not to be found in this or any other country." According to the analysis made, " the water seems to possess the essential character of a tolerably pure chalybeate. The iron is held in solution by carbolic acid, while it is entirely free frorri gypsum, and contains the other earthly salts in minute proportion. The ten gallons yielded : Carbonated ox}-d of iron, 40 grains; carbonate of lime, 5 grains; carbonate of magnesia, 6 grains. On the comparative value of the Orange Springs, little can be said that can give a preference to either. Their difference adapts them to the different complaints." The above described spring was on the property of John Williams, at Torj' Corner, who kept a hotel on the place, now owned and occupied by Max Brodesser. The spring was in a ravine near the roadside, a short distance from the raceway. The sycamore trees which surrounded it still mark tlie spot, although the spring is entirely filled up. The Condit Spring was run for some months by John Condit (known as " Miller John," because of his former connection with the grist mill), who kept a hotel in what was then known as the "Blue House," now occupied by Mrs. Van Rensselaer, located just outside the entrance. On April 28, 1821, Joseph Condit and his wife conveyed to James Wadsworth, fifteen acres, which embraced the lot recently owneil by Mrs. Georgiana Heckscher, on the east side, and also a part of the lane leading to the Northfield Road. Shortly after this it became known as the "Orange Mineral The Founders and Builders of thk Oranges. 309 Spring Farm." A company was organized in tlic autumn of 1S21, known as the "Orange Spring Com- pany," and on Ucccmber 6tli, James VVadswortli and iiis wife conveyed to Ira Munn, Allen Doild and Isaac Pierson, (grandfather of the present Dr. I'ierson 1, the fifteen acres, which tlie\- mortgaged for 87,000. The price jjaid for the property was jirobabiy much larger. In 1822 a hotel was erected by this compan\', which was known as the "Orange .Spring Hotel," and later as the "Mansion House" — the same building now occupied by the Essex County Country Club. The great yellow fever epidemic in 1S23, which caused an entire suspension of business in New \'ork City, brought hundreds of visitors to Orange, and the hotel was filled to its utmost capacity. The medicinal virtues of the Orange spring thus became extensively known, and Orange became the great resort of the wealth and fashion from every part of the country. Private houses, as well as the hotels, were filled, and numbers of applicants from e\ery jjart of the country were turned away, unable to obtain accommodations in the vicinity. A correspondent of the A'tTiwrX- Ccntincl says of these springs, under date of August 12, 1823: "This delightful retreat from the piercing beam of a midsummer sun continues to be the resort of not only those who wish to re[)air a debilitated constitution, but those also who seek rela.xation from business and the turmoil of a city residence. The excellence of these waters has been tested by past experience and their medicinal (pialities are still rising in the public estimation. Is it a matter of wonder, then, that the young and the old, the rich and the gay, the merchant and the mechanic, the healthy and the diseased, shouki steal away to this reviving fount to partake of the beverage of its waters, to meander in nature's delightful bower, or to participate in the hosjiitality and rich dainties at the Mansion Hotel. " To lend a sweeter zest to nature's charms, Hfhold ! with pleasantry a MUNN in arms; His mansion, proudly rising to our sight. Yields all the wish of plenty and delight." The hotel was run successfully for several years by ha Muini. ( )tlicr watering-places — notably Saratoga — had, in the meantime, achieved a reputation, and the patronage of the Orange springs gradually fell off. On Ajjril 6. 1S28, Isaac Pierson, Ira Munn and Allen Dodd conveyed the fifteen acres "commonly called and known by the name of 'The Orange Mineral Spring Farm," unto Luther Goble, Ichabod Condit and Charles F. Shipman, as joint tenants in trust, nevertheless, to and for the use, benefit and behoof of the persons or associates composing the 'Orange Spring Company,' and to such other persons as shall become original associates in said company, their heirs and assigns in proportion, according to the .several interests of such as.sociate in the said company, etc." * * ■* At this or a later p<^riod it was abandoned as a hotel and opened as a military institute, by a man named Ransom. The school did not prove a financial success, and was closed at the end of two years. Not long after this the place was again opened as a hotel, under the management of one Capt. Gillespie, and became known as the Mansion House. Its former prestige was, in a measure, restored, many new attractions being added — among these a brass band, which gave daily concerts in the summer-house by the spring; balls and parties and other scenes of gaiety and amusement were of frequent occurrence. At what period and for wliat cause it was finally discontinued by Capt. Gillespie, is not known. He was succeeded by a man named Thomas, who ran it as a hotel until adverse circumstances compelled him to close. The reputation of the Orange Mountains as a health resort had thus become extensively known, and in 1835-6, speculation in real estate began ; the farms were divided into building plots, the property was advertised at fabulous prices, and holders realized immense fortunes — on paper. The great panic of 1837 came, the real estate bubble burst, and prospective fortunes were suddenly swept away. The Orange Mineral Spring, the Mansion House, with all the surroundings, were closed to the public. So great was the financial depression In this locality thiit people declared that a hundred years would 3IO The FouNnERs and Builders of the Oranges. elapse before Orange would be restored to its former prosperity. The panic, however, proved a "blessing in disguise." Like an immense tidal wave, or a consuming fire, it swept away old ideas and business enterprises and prepared the way for a new era of prosperity. While Orange ceased to exist as a place of fashionable summer resort, it never lost its reputation as a health resort, and pri\ate indixiduals wore quick to perceive its future possibilities as a place of subur- ban residence. The old "Blue House" at the entrance nf Hutton Park, now occupied by Mrs. \'an Rensselaer, was sold in 1833 to St. Mark's Church, and was used for some years as a parsonage. In 1S39, a portion of the original fifteen acres was sold to Alphonse Laubat, a Frenchman, who con- verted the Mansion House into a pri\ate ihvcUing. In 1842. Andre PiUot, a wealthy conntrxman of his, bought the ])lace, which he enlarged from time to time by additional purchases, amounting in all to one hundred and forty acres, extending as far west as Perry Lane, which included the propert\- now covered by some of the finest residences on the Mountain, among which is the one formerly owned by General George B. McClellan. For many years the Pillot place was the great attraction of visitors to Orange. Its well-kept lawns, its graveled walks and drives, its beautiful lakes and tasteful groves, gave it the appearance of an elegant French country seat. In 187c, owing to the financial reverses of Mr. Pillot, the property was sold, and Mr. Benjamin H. Ilutton, of New York, became the purchaser. He made some additions and improve- ments and called it Ilutton Park, b}- which name it has since been known. On the death of Mr. Hutton the property passed to his children. The mineral spring, hotel and other improvements were all located within the enclosure of what is now known as Hutton Park, at present occupied b\- the Essex County Country Club. Art has done comparatively little, but nature has done far more to make this location attractive than that of Llewellyn Park. The billiard-house at the foot of the knoll stands on the site of the old grist mill, erected by Colonel John Condit, which was afterwards purchased and converted into a dwelling by David Tompkins. riu- property remained in the hands of the Heckscher heirs until 1891, when it was purchased by Mr. W'ilmerdiiig (who married a daughter of Mr. Heckscher), who has since made many improvements within and without. BE.'VU SeJOUR — "Beautiful Site." — Just outside the entrance to, and adjoining Hutton Park, stands the noble mansion erected by Charles A. Heckscher, more than half a century ago, which he named Beau Sejour; and a more beautiful site could not have been selected on the side of the Moun- tain. The house stands on a high knoll, affording a magnificent view of the surrounding country. It was modeled after an old German villa — princely in style — indicating the character of its owner, a man of princely generositw In laying out his grounds, he gathered the choicest trees, plants, flowers, etc., from near and from far. The two beautiful trees in front — the pctonia impcrialis — were imported from Germany ; the bo.x which adorns the garden, from the famous nurseries of Long Island ; the orange and lemon trees, from the sunny South ; the maple, spruce, elm, linden, larch, tulip, hemlock, fir and dog- wood trees, from various parts of the North ; all of the latter have grown to an immense height, having the appearance of forest trees. The large conservatories are filled with a great \ariet)' of grapes, the product of original cuttings from England, Germany and France. Among the flowers is a lu.xuriant Marcchal Neil rose of half a century growth. Other varieties of flowers set out by the old German gartlener are still iloing excellent service. LLEWELLYN PARK AND ITS RESIDENTS. The founder of Llewellyn Park builded better than he knew. Nature pro\ ided him with unlimited resources, and these he utilized to the best advantage. Endowed with a keen love of nature and a lemarkablj' acute perception, he saw at a glance the beauties and possibilities of the forests and glades of the mountainside, to make up one of the most beautiful parks that is to be found in the vicinity of The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 3»« New York. He imrcliascd from the various owners their woodcil tracts, rugged quarries and rolling farm lands, amounting in all to nearly eight hundred acres, which he proceeded to lay out in winding roads, rustic rambles, cascades, lakes, flower gardens, lawns and attractive villa sites, the whole forming one grand landscape garden of rare poetic beauty. The praises of Llewellyn Park have been spoken in foreign lands by travelers who have visited the famous |)laccs in the ()k\ World and the New, ami it is universally conceded to be a most remarkable example of cultivated natural beauty. In the "sere and yellow leaf" of departing autumn, or when urajiped in the icy folds of winter, covered with its mantle of snow, it is still beautiful ; but in the s])ring and autumn, when nature is robed in her Knelicst attire, when the balmy breezes come laden with purest odors from the mountain- top ami hillside and glen, when the rip])ling streams having broken from their winter fastnesses, wander through green meadows or tumble in miniature cascades ik)wn gentle acclivities into sunny jiools, when the feathered songsters, dri\eii l5_\- stern winter's blast to summer climes, return, and " Woods their welcome ring," when the kine are grazing and low ing in the green pastures, a stroll from the busy, bustling world to contemplate and enjoy these harmonies of nature, is something that can never be effaced from the appreciative mind. From the \arious points of the Park, and the magnificent building sites everywhere sur- rounding it, may be distinctly seen, with the naked eye, the whole of Orange, Newark, East Bloomfield, Newark Bay, Staten Island, Jersey City, New ^'ork City, the Bay, the Narrows, the Passaic and Hackensack Ri\ers, a portion of Long Island; anil an uninterrupted prospect breaks upon the vision in some directions of nearly one hundred miles in extent. The Park con- tains hills, dales and glens, springs and streams, magnificent forest trees, innumerable orna- mental trees, bushes, vines and flowers, stone and rustic bridges, , s , k > i i ■. , , \ . etc. The entrance to the Park on Valley Road is three hundretl feet wide, enclosed by a hedge of evergreens, curved two hundred feet back to the entrance gate, where stands the artistic and picturesque Porter's Lodge. About three hundred feet from the entrance is 67)7/ /r"//)-//, containing a dense mass of noble forest trees— of oaks, birches, tulips, chestnuts, entwined by the delicate and beautiful dogwood. Here a rapid-running brook winds beneath the steep acclivity on cither side, which rises fifty feet above its bed. the sides of which are studded with lofty tulips, hickories, maples, hornbeams, black and white beeches, flowering shrubs, azclias and wild flowers. Here nature is to be seen in its grandeur- the huge rocks, the mighty trees, the dense foliage, the deep shade, the solemn stillness of the forest spirit is about you. The scene is impressive, grand and awe inspiring. Park Way is a noble avenue of easy ascent, which intersects Glen Avenue, at which point a beauti- ful view towards the east is had. Further up Park Way is a striking group of hickories and oaks. 312 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. From tin's point may be seen, with remarkable effect, the great twin tulip trees, o\er one hundred feet high, on Tulip avenue, the southern boundary of the I'ark and one of the finest drives upon it. Beyond is Oak Bend, appropriately named from a beautiful white oak left standing alone in the principal curve in the carriage-way. Here is a stone bridge erected from freestone, which is obtained in abundance from tiie quarries of this material on the Park grounds. On reaching the northern end of the Park, the passage up Mountain Avenue leads through the private grounds known as Undercliffe, to Eagle Rock, the view from which is probably unsur- passed by any (ither place in the country. Proceeding along Moun- tain .\\cnuc and des- cending the slope, an ascent is made to the top i)f the Kiosk by a wind- ing stair-case. This por- tion of the Park, to the top of the ninuntain is called The Rocks. Ac- cess may be had to the top of the clifT by clam- bering ()\er the rocks. From this point the \'iew is second only to that of I-^agle Rock. An al- most unbounded ex- ])anse of forests, groves, lakes, hills, cultivated fields, cities, towns, hamlets. ri\ers. bays, and even a glimpse of the ocean, are spread out in vast and indescribable beauty. At the south are the Na\esink Hills; toward the north are to to be seen the Hook Mountain, at Xyack, o\erlooking the beautiful T.ippan Zee, the Haverstraw Peak and the Highlands, with Long Island, Staten Island and the Atlantic in the east. Beneath and around " Here, scattered wild, the lily of the vale Its balmy essence breathes; here cowslips hang Their dewy heads, and purple violets lurk With .dl the lowly childnn of the shade." There is no sameness in the I'ark, either in its architecture, its laiul:;cape gardening, or its views. The roads are smooth and perfectly kept, and nearly all of them are paved with Telford. These ave- nues carry out the romance of the place in their names, as, for example: Mountain Avenue, Wildwood Avenue, Glen .Avenue, Oak Bend. Hloomfield Way, Winding Way, Forest Way, Honeysuckle Avenue, etc. Many of the old monarchs of the forest still remain, while those of more recent growth rear their stately forms in striking contrast to those natives of the forest, while the numerous evergreens, scattered here and there, give the appearance of perpetual summer. Every variety of shrubs and flowers add a bright coloring and go still fm ther to enhance the beauty of the landscape. I LI. 11' A\I..NU1, AND I'ARK WAV. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 313 Reference lias already been made to the chief point of attraction for visitors, viz.: Kagle Rock. Lon<,' before Llewellyn Tark was thoiijjht of. it was a noted place of vantage for obtaining a view of the surroiindiny country. It stands on the hi^diest summit of the I'irst Mountain, a short distance above the Eagle Rock Avenue gate of the I'ark. l-"rom its summit may be seen the Oranges, Clinton, Newark, Elizabeth. Xcw.nk Hay, the Kills. .Staten Islaiul, the Narrows, New York Hay, Jersey City, New York and the Ikooklyn Hridgc. In another direction can be seen Bloomfield, Mr)ntclair and I'atcrson. Tradition says that the Rock derives its name from the fact that while the country was still inhabited by the red man, two eagles built their nest in one of the lofty trees on the top. This favorite spot is now accessible by trolley cars running in almost every direction between Newark and Orange Mountain. The originality, novelty and boldness of the conception to furnish a park for the exclusive use and benefit of a whole community of New York citizen.s, where, by the terms of sale, they may forever enjoy the blessings resulting from such an arrangement, does lasting credit to the heart and hand of the pro- jector. The I'ark belongs to the people who live in it, but the large-hearted and liberal-minded man who founded it, always while he controlled it, insisted that it should be open, under proper restrictions, to to the public at all times, except on Siiiulays, and this policy has ever since been maintained. Mr. Haskell's purchase of land for the Park, included a part of the Anthony Oliff (or Olefi farm, the first settler on the Mountain, 1678, his homestead being a few feet north of the stone bridge, where Tulip .Avenue intersects Oak Hend. The boundaries of Llewellyn Park embrace a tract of land lying be- tween X'alley Road, Mount Pleasant, Turnpike. Perry Lane (now Prospect Avenue) and Eagle Rock Ro.ul. Of the original purLliase, Mr. Haskell set aside fifty acres to be laitl out as a park for the use of parties who shouUl purchase and occujjv villa sites within the boundaries above mentioned. He then laid out about seven miles of winding roads, all of which, together with fifty odd acres of land, he deeded to trustees in perpetual trust for the use, occupancy and enjoyment of future owners of not less than one acre sites. The Park proprietors meet annually and elect a Board of ALmagers, who have charge of the Park and of the roads. They are also authorized to raise a ta.K of not exceeding $10 per acre, annually, on all lands in the Park ; there is a covenant in every deed subjecting the lands to such tax. The income from this source amounts to nearly §4,000 per annum, which sum is expended in the care of the roads and grounds, and the maintainance and support of a competent police. The original trustees, who were elected for life, were, T. B. Merrick, Edwin C. Burt and Augustus O. Moore. They were succeeded by D. A. Heald, David A. Wallace, and David E. Green. The death of David A. Wallace, in 1895, left a vacancy in the Board, which has not yet been filled. Mr. Heald has held the position of .Secretarj- of the Board since 185S, and has been one of the Board for the past twenty-five years. The original purchasers of villa sites were Le\i P. Stone, I-lgbert Starr, Thomas B. Merrick, Edwin Burt, John ]5urt, James Burt, Charles J. Martin, D. A. Heald and Joseph Howard. Ll.KWELl.Y.v S. Haskell, the founder of Llewellyn Park, which takes its name from his Christ- ian name, was born at New Gloucester, Me., in January, 181 5. He inclined to mercantile i)ursuits. and about 1842 was located in Philadelphia. He afterwartls became a partner in the wholesale firm of Has- kell, Merrick iS; Bull, New York, and remained in the firm until i860. He took up his residence in the meantime in an elegant villa on the Hudson County side of the Passaic River, near Belleville. N. J., styled " Belmont," and shortly afterwards removed to an elegant country seat near the s.inie, called " Laurel Hill." But the great beauty of Orange Mountain, and the picturesque possibilities of the mountain slo|)e, which the eye of an artist would have discovered, won him from his riverside palace. He made his first purchase of twenty one and a half acres on the 20th of February, 1853, comprising the grand ridge in the vicinity of the "steep precipice called Turk Eagle Rock." In October of the .same year he obtained eighteen acres adjoining the property of Albert Matthews, and in 1854 commenced building the "Eyrie." This unique and castellated structure, of which a plain farm house was the original foundation, Mr. 314 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Haskell made his residence, and it remained in his possession until 1871, when he sold it to Mr. Gardner. The same year — 1854 — the locality known as Undercliffe, including about seventy acres, was purchased of Mr. Elijah Williams, and on April 28. 1855, seventy additional acres of Mr. Abiathar Harrison. The same j-ear he ])urchased of Ira 11. Condit a farm of about ei<^hty-si.\ acres. This included what later became the homes of John Hurkc, Egbert Starr, Levi P. Stone, Wendel Garrison, Edwin C. Hurt, John Burt and O. D. Munn. These were the first and most important purchases of land for the Park proper. From that time forward he proceeded with all the zeal and enthusiasm of an artist and the exact- ness of a mathematician to carry out his plans for the construction of the Park. This plan he formed in silence and solitude, with onl}- the heavens above him antl what seemed a tangled wilderness of woods beneath. Hut this " forest worshipper,'" as he was rightly termed by a friend, saw the pictures grow under his hand that he had seen in \ ision, until hundreds of acres lay spread over the mountainside, rich with culti\ation, and glowing with beauty indescribable, divided into fairy homesteads and inter- sected by romantic wood paths and sequestered carriage drives of miles in extent. When completed, the generous artificer conveyed all the roads and fifty acres of the land to trustees, as a private pleasure- ground for the use and enjoyment of all such as might become the owners or occupants of adjoining lands. Sir Christopher Wren, the architect of St. Paul's, in London, lies buried in the crypt, and the inscription upon the block marble slab is sini[)ly "Si iiioiiuntuiit rcqiiiris circunispicc'' -" If you seek his monument look for it around you." This inscription applies with equal force to the founder of Llewellyn Park. Mr. Haskell thdught and planneLl for large sections of the countr\' and for the orderly and Ijeautiful arrangement of numberless homes, as well as for his own occupancy, anil with no other design than to promote the comfort and happiness of his friends and the communit\' at large. It was in this spirit that he aided in the erection of the fine and stately edifice known as St. John's Church, by plac- ing at the disposal of the builders a stone quarry that la\- on the mountainside, and for which bene- f.ictiiin he received a grateful testimonial from the members of the congregation. He also donated largely toward remodeling .St. Mark's Church. «lr^>^"J^^H I ^^K^ ■/ In religion Mr. Haskell was a radical; once a >;-,<'. '^ "■" ^^^^^i^^^PSRT" de\i)iit orthodox, he became interested b\- degrees in liberal thought, and in pursuit of the good and true, always seen by him through the a;sthetic sense, led him into the silent paths of mystic contempla- tion before traversed by Jacob Behman and Emanuel Suedenborg, and opening in one day. into the arcana of a later spiritual revelation. Hut w hatever was his religious theory, his practice w as that of " one who loves his fellow-men." Anniher ])art of his practice was to "do justly and love mercy." Great was his forbearance of human nature, and it is said that he was never known to speak ill of a human being even under circumstances which would have justified the severest censure. An earnest patriot, he sent his son, now Gen. Haskell, to battle for the North and liberty; but. BUST OF l.l.KWEI.I.YN S. HASKELL. Tin-: Founders and Hiii.dkrs of the Okaxges. 315 tlunigh a life-long opponent of slavery and ready to make the greatest possible sacrifices for its over- throw, he spoke of tlu' slave-holder more in sorrow than in anger, and deprecated his blindness instead of crushing him with invective and contumely. Thus lived and wrought, often in loneliness and pain, one of nature's noblemen — O, men ! this man in brotherhood your weary paths bi-guihng Groaned inly while he taught you peace, and died while you were smiling. A life-size bust of Mr. Ilaskcll stands upon a granite pedestal at the left hand side of the main entrance to the Park, and testifies alike to the worth of the man and the affection with which his name is cherished, not only by the dwellers in the Park that bears his honored name, but by the people of the Oranges generally. Mr. Haskell never lived to witness the full fruition of his hopes. The many artistic villas and cottages, with their beautiful surroundings, have added much to the general appearance of the Park. Among the present residents are : the D. L. Wallace family, D. A. Heald, Mrs. Stone, David E. Green, V. E. Martin, O. D. Munn, W. R. Howe, Ross C. Browning, Charles R. Browning, Mrs. Eliza B. Plummer, Margaret Williams, Thomas Edison, Mrs. Arthur J. Moulton, Robert Sedgwick. Mrs. Burke, Wendel P. Garrison, W. E. Bloodgood, Henry Parish, Jr., Zimri West, Mrs. Josephine Jones, Fred Worth, William WoodhuU, Frank Hill, R. M. Colgate, William Barr, H. I). Folsom, Otto Bluhm, Amelia Fowler, E. W. Timpson, O. J. Seabury, Thomas H. Spaulding, H. X. .Munn, Mr. Weidenfeld, Mr. Paul. The first purchase of a building plot in the Park was by Mr. Edwin C. Burl, on which he erected a prett}- cottage which was destroyed by fire in 1 S^jS. Only a few of the original residents now remain. Some have passed away and the propert\- has changed hands. There being no restriction in the style of building, each one has exercised his own taste, and there is a marked individuality in nearly every home in the Park. " Oh, for a lodge in some vast wilderness !" SiiKX.\CTos Lodge, erect- ed 1892-3, the home of William Read Howe, situated on the brow of the mountain within the bounds of Llewellyn Park, is named in memory of the Indian chief who was the owner and in possession of this part of the mountain — "the great mountain Watchung" — at the time of the purchase of the land by the Newark settlers. This was included in the second deed, executed about ten years after the first purchase, which recites that "for and in consideration of two Guns, three Coates, and thirteen Kans of Rum, tu us in hand paid, etc., doe covenant and declare, etc., that it is meant, agreed and intended, that their bounds shall reach and goe A» f/if top of the said Grcatc Mountain, and that Wee, the said Indians, will make out the same to remaine to them, the said inhabitants of Newark, their heirs or Assigns for Ever." The house or "Lodge" of Mr. Howe is cruciform in shape and built of rough trap rock for the THE Gl.KN. 3i6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. first story, aiul ht;av\- oak construction, with tlic jianels nUcd in with cement. abo\-e. The design is largely copied from a cliateau in the Tyrol, built in the sixteenth centur_\-, and with the hea\y overhant^ of the roof supijorted by hu<,re oak brackets, is \ery effective. Rk.sioenci-: of Ciiari.ks R. BkoWNixt;, W'ildwood Avenue, near the Park entrance. Most of the houses in the Park were built twenty-five or thirty years ago, when people looked more to the interior than exterior design and the architectural features were a matter of secondary consideration. It is a relief, therefore, to find almost at the very entrance of the Park a building which, although modeled after the fifteenth century -.^^. g.. ^, st}-le, combines the latest impro\ements ';) ^=-^ in architecture, evincing careful study / in all its details. The foundation, which ^ rises some two or three feet from the { ground, is of rough-faced trap rock, ([uarricd in this vicinit}'. Tlie first story is of brick and above this the structure is formed in panels of stucco and wood, the whole surmounted b\' a jjitch or (iothic roof. The interior, both in style and finish, is made to corresjiond with the exterior. The site selected for the building was well suited to the style of architecture and required no grading ' >r additional tree planting. The smooth level lawn was left in pretty much the same condition as it was when the Park was laid out originally. A [jrctty bed of rhododendrons and azalias have been added to brighten the surroundings, and the shade trees which form the frame-work arc a sufficient distance from the house not to obstruct the view orcausedampnessin the interior. G 1, 1', N r. A N K , the picturesfpie home of Ross C. Browning, the sec- ond from the entrance to the Park, fronting on Park VVaj', cannot fail to attract the attention of the stranger visiting Llewell\-n Park. The house is nearly hidtlen by a group of tall forest trees which have done service for a century or more. The tall red oak in front, judging from its present appearance, must have afforded shelter to the abor- iginees in their frecjuent journeying-^ to the coast to gather wampum. A wee])ing beech near the entrance, a number of fine magnolias and a choice collection of plants and flowers KESU)F,N<:F. of CIIAKI.F.S R. liROWNING. GLBNBANK, THE HOME OF ROSS C. BROWNING. ROSS C. BROWNING. The Foundeks and Builders of the Oranges. 317 complete the picturesciucness of tlie sunouiulinj^s. Tlie front of the house is almost entirely covered by the honeysuckle and wisteria. Owing to its location near the foot of the mountain, being ])rotected from the northwest winds while exposed to tiie warm rays of the southern sun, the early spring flowers - the snowdrops and crocuses — make their first ap])earance here. A double row of trees along the driveway, between Mr. Browning's residence antl his tasteful cottage opjjosite, add much to the beauty of the Park and delight the eyes of the visitor. THE BROWNING FAMILY. James Brow ning, the .mcestor of the family frum which Ross C. Browning is descended, was one of the original prt)prietors of Rutland, Worcester County, Mass., wlio, on December 14, 1715, met at Boston and "voted that the contents of six miles square be surveyed and set off for the settlement of sixty-two families in order to the performance of the condition of the grant." He was one of tlie first town oiificers of Rutland after its incorporation as a town, appointed Jul\- 6, 1722. The History of Rutland states that "Mr. James and Mrs. Elizabeth Browning brought letters of testimonial of tluir church fellowship in Ireland, and were received into communion with the churcli in Rutland, Ma\- 24, 172S. Tlu y were worthy people, fruitful and prosperous, in a strange land. They had born unto them six sons and four daughters; the danger being so great fiom the Indians, their first cliild was born in garrison on August 20, 1723. These children were William, Elizabeth. James, l'"rustram, ./('jvy^//, Mary, John, Samuel and Martha. Mr. James Browning was Proprietor of Home Lot No. 53 and all its after dixisions; the whole he and his sons owned was about 800 acres. He died February 3, 1749." According to the abo\e record, this family came from Ireland. They were of English descent, however, as shown h\- the Coat .\rmorial borne by the Browning family, settled in Gloucester County, England, as follows: .Inns. — Barry wavy of six argent and azure. Crest. — A sinister arm from the elbow issuing from a cloud in the dexter, hokling in the hand above a serpent's head, erect from the middle, and looking toward a sinister ppr. Joseph Browning, fifth child of James and Elizabeth Browning, was born in Rutland. Mass., November 21, 1760. He married Lucy Sherman, daughter of Asaph Sherman and Lucy Whitney. He had among other children Tlioinas, born 1787. Lucy Sherman was a direct descendant of Henry Sherman, of Dedhani, Essex County, England, the ancestor of Roger Sherman, one of the signers of the Declaration of Intlei^endence, and of Senator John Sherman and (ien. William Tecumseli Sherman, of Ohio. Thomas Browning, son of Joseph and Luc_\- 1 Sherman 1 l^rowning, was born in Rutland, .Mass.. March 21, 1787. He was called out as a member of the Vermont Militia in the War of 1812-15, and took part in the battle of I'lattsburg. lie was a well-known Universalist minister and preached for some years at Barre, Waterbury, and Richmond, Vt.. and other places. He married Persis Ross, daughter of Abraham Ross and Persis (^Welchj Ross, of Jeffrey, N. H. They had among other children, Ross C. Ross C. Browninc;, son of Thomas and Persis (Ross) Browning, was born at Barre, \'t., September 8, 1822. He removed with his parents to Richmond, Vt., when quite young, where he had excellent school advantages, both public and private. He completed his education at the Liberal Institute, of Lebanon. N. H. He taught school for several years in Sussex County, N. J., and was afterwards employed by the Erie Railway Co. at its terminus at that time at Piermont, on the Hudson. In 1859 he became associated with Alvin J. Johnson, under the firm name of Johnson & Browning, in the publication of an atlas of the world, one of the most elaborate and complete of any work of the kind then published in this country. It had an extensive sale throughout the country and especially in the South, and owing to the prejudice against Northern publications, it became necessary to establish a branch plant in Richmond, Va., the work being issued from that point. Mr. Browning had charge of that branch of the business, and employed a number of agents to canvass the southern territory. He 3'8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. was at that time a resident of Richmond. At the breaking out of the war he managed, through the efforts of Gov. Letcher, to get through the lines with his family, but was obliged to leave all his presses and other materials, together with his household furniture, etc. The presses were afterwards used by the Confederate Government for printing Confederate notes and bonds. These, together with the household furniture, were confiscated by the Confederate Government and became a total loss, and Mr. Browning was never able to recover anything after the war. He remained true and loyal to the Union through the war and rendered substantial aid in many ways. At the time of the draft riots, in the summer of 1863, Mr. Browning closed his establishment in New York City and, taking the lead himself. invited his employees to join the special police force in the terrible struggle which lasted for several days. The platoon in which Mr. Browning and his employees served had se\eral hand-to-hand encoun- ters with the rioters and participated in the sanguinary charge of the police which rescued the gas works from destruction and saved the city from being plunged in darkness. He continued to carry on the map publishing business at the North, both during and after the war, and was very successful. In 1S63 he and his partner became interested in a ncwiy patented clothes wringer which became a great success, and the two partners divided their interests, Mr. Johnson continuing the map business and Mr. Browning taking the clothes wringer business. A stock company was organized of which Mr. Browning was general manager. He afterwards became President. Com- petition arose and other companies of the kind were organized. These were eventually absorbed by a syndicate, and in 1S92 Mr. Browning parted with his interest and retired from business. Mr. Bi owning was for some time a resident of Brooklyn. He moved to Orange in 1 86 1, and in 1865 purchased what was known as the Merrill place, in Llewell3-n Park. Til is he afterwards sold and pur- chased his present residence on Park Way. No one has a higher appreciation of the beauty of his surroundings than Mr. Bi owning, and he has done his full share in maintaining and developing the prop- erty in order to increase its attractiveness and thus to induce others to share its benefits. Mr. Browning has been treas- urer of the Park Board and for some years a member of the Board of Managers. The construction of the electric road from Newark to Eagle Rock, thus bringing Llewellyn Park in direct and rapid com- munication with Newark, was accomplished partly through his efforts, the original petition, signed by residents of West Orange, having been prepared and circulated by him. During his early life, while teaching school in Sussex County, N. J , Mr. Browning met and married, October 24, 1854, Miss Katharine Hamilton, daughter of l-'rancis Price Hamilton. The latter was the son of James Hamilton, who was born on the high seas while his parents were in transit from Manchester, England, to this country. During the War of the Revolution, while working at his trade as carpenter, in Philadelphia, he was seized as a British subject and taken on board a British man-of-war, but succeeded in making his escape. He became prominent as a builder and erected some of the finest houses and public buildings in East New Jersey. He married the daughter of Judge Francis Price, an officer of the Revolutionary Army, grandfather of Governor Price, of New Jersey. Francis Price Hamilton, the father of Mrs. Browning, married Ann Sharp, daughter of Jo.seph Sharp, a descendant of COTTAGE OK ROSS C. BKOWNINO. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 3>9 William Sharp, of Gloucester County, England, who came to this country in 16S2 t" take cliarye of his brother Anthony's property, consisting of large tracts of land in both West and Kast New Jersey. Joseph, fifth generation, and a descendant of William, was largely interested in lands in Sussex County and other places, and built the original forge, and introduced the first iron forging at Sharpsboro, afterward changed in 1792 to Hamburg, the home of I-Vancis Price Hamilton. Bakdnai.D, the residence of Mr. William Barr, on Tulip Avenue, is a model of elegance and cosiness, both inside and outside, it wearing an unmistakable expression of fine taste and real comfort. It seems to have been built within a bed of foliage, as it is on one side surrounded with clumps of deciduous shrubs and boxwood, and on the other, festooned with vines. There is a very pretty distribu- tion of flower beds scattered before a scalloped border at Baronald. Stevia, centaurea and curves of gay blossoms and variegated foliage are veiy harmoniously arranged. Not far from this bit of floral blending is the crysanthemum bed where standard bushes six feet high and two hundred \arieties of low-spreading plants are under cultivation. There is an excellent orchid collection made by Mr. Barr, and every plant is labeled. There is also a fine collection of crotons, and some rich varieties of gloxinias. The following description of the place is given b y Fannie A. Benson in Town Topics : " A lawn sloping from the cottage is embel- lished here and there with specimen trees, some planted singly and others in groups, but none are set out so that they can inter- rupt the view of the Palisades whose dark heights, with their ever changing halo of tinted mists, can be distinctly seen from the veranda of the residence. A dog- wood tree {coniiis Florida) is gracefully situated on the lawn so that its large milky flowers in early spring and its crimson colors of foliage in autumn form an attractive picture. Through midsummer it spreads out its leaves of firm rich texture in massive layers to shelter a rustic seat, which is a comfortable resting spot and a desirable place from which to view the interesting features of gardening. A beech of weeping habit ifngiis />iiiiii(/a) is an ornamental object, as it is eccentric in shape and appears like some grotesque form in the landscape. The rare Judas tree {a-n-isjapoiiica) is one of the beauties of Baronald. It flowers before it has any leaves in the spring, and its stems are completely wreathed in pink bloom. There are noble specimens of horse chestnuts and several majestic tulip or whitewood trees. Under a copse of the latter is a fine collection of shrubs and plants, among which are several varieties of Spina, atacid, Diut::ia gracillis, and Intlia rubber trees {Fit us clastica). BARONALD. !20 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. " A brilliant effect is made at one side of the residence with <^audy <^eraniums, between the beds of which are vases dripping; with tender trailers and bright blossoms. A specimen sago palm and a large UUania barlwnka with glossy fronds, give their tropical contrast to the more modest domestic growth, and fme agaves are so set out that their aggressive, sharp pointed leaves are apparently protecting this lovely line of plants. Ilii^iionia radiiaiis, the trumpet vine that grows so easily and blossoms so "or<'eouslv, is trained very gracefully on single straight supports which it tosses o\er and around with scarlet throated flowers, /fydrinii^ta otaksa is represented by a ver\- large plant w ith grand trusses of blue blossoms. Symmetrical ^\\vuh^ A/t/ica or rose of Sharon are one sheet of crimson and snow flowers, not far from which are a mass of sunflowers that make a highly ornamental group and seem to be running a race in height with a tlirift)- bed of Phlox." The owner of Baronald, William Harr, is a n:iti\'c of Lanark, Scotland, born October 7, 1827. llecame to this country in 1840 and obtained a position as clerk in the dry goods store of Ubsdell & Pierson. He became a partner in the business in 1854 and went to St. Louis to as- sume charge of the branch house already established there by his firm. V>y the retirement of M)'. Charles Pierson in 1864, it was changed to Ubsdell, Harr. Duncan & Co.: after the death of .Mr. Ubsdell it became Harr, Duncan iK: Co., and on the retirement of :\Ir. Duncan it was changed to William Barr & Co.. and later to the William Barr Dry (joods Compan\-, of which Mr. Barr is the President. Mr. Barr was married August 30, 1855, in New York City, to Miss Jessie R. Wright, daughter of John Wright, of that city. He removed to Orange in 1866, and the following year purchased the house and two acres in Llewellyn Park, and later purchased two acres in addition Mr. Barr is a member of the Metropolitan Museum of .\rt and a Fellow of the American Geographical Societ}-, in New \'ork. He was formerly a member of St. Mark's Episco[)al Church, of Orange, but for some years past has been connected with Grace Episcopal Church. He is a member of the New England Society, of Orange, and of the Orange Athletic Club. Mrs. Barr is active in religious and benevolent work. She was one of the founders of the House of the Good Shejjherd ; she has given especial attention to the Training School for Nurses; is a member of the Woman's Club; also of the several auxiliary societies connected with Grace Episcopal Church, of which >he is an acti\e member. THE CONS 1,1: 0.\1\1.KI(.I1, the home of the late Levi P. Stone, is situated just on the turn of Oak Bend as it winds its way up the mountain. This brown stone mansion, in its solidity and graceful architecture, rising above a charming lawn and embowered among the forest trees, is the only one in the Park, excepting Castlewood, which fitly represents its surroundings. While only a portion of the material V LEVI P. STONE. The F"ounders and liuiLOERS of the Oranges. 321 used ill its construction was quairicd within the limits of tlic I'ark, the house is built entirely of the red sand-stone belon^nng to this part of Kast New Jersey, and was all taken from the quarries in what foimcrly comprised the township of Newark, embracing all the Oranges. There is a peculiar fitness in thus utilizing a material which nature has so liberally provided in this locality, and which affords such a beautiful contrast to the foliage of the trees above and around and the bright-colored flowers beneath. Aided by the handiwork of man, it has literally lisen from the bowels of the earth as a substantial monument to its designer. In the selection of a location and in the erection of his home in Llewellyn I'ark, Mr. Stone had in view ail these conditions. As early as 1S34, as if he had already, in his visions of the future, a prophetic dream of his home among the trees and flowers of the mountainside, he writes: " Oh, I would leave The haunts of busy, plodfhng man. and on So[ne mountain summit drink the purer air That breathes around. Give me the verdant grove, The wide expanse of heaven — soft shades Of autumn twilight, and the breezes bland Which speak a present Deity, where I May raise my silent orisons." Mr. Stone was among the earliest of the settlers in Llewellyn I'ark. He entered heartily into the plans of Mr. Haskell to make the Park a little paradise where New York business men, after the labors of the day, might find needed rest and happiness in contemplating the beauties of nature. An ardent lover of nature himself, Mr. Stone tried to awaken a corresponding love in the hearts of others, that in thus admiring its beauties they might learn to worship nature's God. Lp:vi Pavsox Stone was a native of Wendell, Mass., born May i, 1802, son of Levi and Betsy (Kidder) Stone. Originally of Welsh descent on his father's side, his immediate ancestor settled in Framingham, Conn. The ancestor of the Kidder family, to which his mother belonged, was James, of Billerica, Mass., born at East Grinstead, England, 1626, died at Billcrica, April 16, 1676. He was ser- geant and ensign in the military company of Billerica, and commander of the Billerica garrison. Mr. Stone was educated at the public school and .\mherst Academy. His first business experience was with a firm atColeraine, Mass., of which he subsequently became a member. Later he removed to Greenfield, Mass., where he did a successful business for several years. He came to New York City in 1836, where he formed a copartnership in the dry goods business under the firm name of Stone, Wood & Starr. It became one of the largest and best known dry goods houses in the city, and continued, with the subse- quent admission of junior partners, for more than a quarter of a century with Mr. Stone at the head. He retired from active duties in 1866, but retained an interest in the business for several years after. He was a man of deep religious convictions and during his residence in New York he was connected with what was known as the Brick Church, in which he served for a long time as deacon and later as elder. He was also engaged in Sunday School and mission work, making frequent personal visits among the tenement houses, assisting and relieving the poor, ministering alike to their temporal and spiritual wants. At a later period he removed to Brooklyn and was there connected with the Second Presby- terian Church. On his removal to Orange in 1857, he united with the First Presbyterian Church, of which Rev. Dr. Hoyt was pastor. Ten years later he assisted in organizing the Central Presbyterian Church and was a member of the original session. He contributed materially to the success of this new enterprise, not only by his active participation in the work of the church, but in his liberal financial support. He was beloved alike by the pastor and people and never forgot the stranger, who received a hearty welcome at his hands. He was always found in his place, both on the Sabbath and week-day services, and endeavored faithfully to "redeem the time." He was one of those rare spirits that would never forsake his seat in his own church to attend a service elsewhere; others following his example, gave strength and encouragement to the heart of their pastor. Mr. Stone's benefactions were not confined to his own church nor to the CDmmunity where he 322 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges, resided. Among the institutions of learning in which lie became interested was that of Princeton Theological Seminary. He established for that institution a lecture course which, by consent rather than by direction of the founder, bears his name — ''the I,. P. Stone lectureship." He was a member of the Board of Trustees and always manifested the most lively interest in the welfare of the seminar)'. He was held in high esteem by the professors in that institution and exercised an important influence in its management. Public spirited and liberal as a citizen, his hand was e\er open for the furtherance of any enterprise that promised good to his neighbors, and it was said of him that not a charitable institution in the whole region of the Oranges or a struggling church or missiim that did not profit by his beneficence. Mr. Stone was married in Sudbury, Mass., June 13, 1854, to Caroline Elizabeth, daughter of Roland and Martlia Cutler. The former was a descendant of Thomas Cutler, born at Cambridge Farms, Mass., June 19, 1678, died at Sudbury, Mass., March 26, 1718; grandson of James Cutler, born in England, 1606, one of the original settlers of Watertown, Mass., 1634. The children of this marriage were: Maiy Elizabeth, married Benjamin Douglass, Jr., of Orange; Augusta, married Dr. Fred Webster Whittemore, a descendant of Thomas Whittemore, one of the earliest settlers of Charlestown, Mass. WOODSIDE, the residence of D. A. Heald, fronting on Oak Bend, with W'ildwood Avenue as its southern boundary, is a picture of nature and art combined ; the tasteful frame cottage being set in a framework of forest trees, with an unobstructive view in front, save the rustic, vine-covered summer- house, standing on a knoll, niid\va_\- between the house and Oak Bend. The broad veranda in front of the house is covered with wisteria, trumpet creeper and other vines, intermingled with a variety of flowers of brilliant foliage, giving a fine color effect to the picture. Two large elms spread their branches in front of the house, and shade trees in great variety surround it on either side. Among these are found the silver spruce, flowering cherry, dog- wood, maidenhair, beech and maple, together with a variety of select fruit trees. A centennial willow, of thrifty growth, standing in front of the house, is associated with an important histori- cal event connected with the War of the Revolution. A small cutting was obtained by Mr. Heald from the battle- field of Concord, (in which the grand father of .Mr. Heald took part, and of which his father was an eye-witness 1, '"k i-ihkakv at \vuol-sii>e. and planted by him on the one hundredth anniversary of that event. It may be truly said of this tree, as well as of the principles it represents, Qui transtulit sustinct. Literally the parent tree drank the blood of the American patriots, which, symbolically, became the seed of the .American Republic, and thus the off-shoot bids fair to perpetuate and keep alive the noble sentiments which inspired the men who sacrificed their lives to establish our independence. The interior of the house is supplied with every convenience that a man of taste and refinement could suggest. The hardwood, pirquet floors, both on the first and second story, are of elaborate de- sign and highly polished, partly covered with a variety of Eastern mats and rugs, which give to it a homelike appearance. The w.dl and ceiling decorations in every room are made to harmonize, in their L>J^ i^ ''^y. ^1 RR n •^ 11 i^" -J L„ ''.£1 l^jPWf^ """li t H '-Hi A- Stfi^m ftfc jii'i"^^ jjT 1 di|| J E^SIul*! y^^ri H^^H^ jIB Pftff'^ i ^^3H U||^K< .J ^^1 Thk Founijkks and Builders of the Oranges. 323 soft, ricli tints, with tlic suiiiuindiiiL^s. The large, lodiiiy library on the first floor, facing the east, is well supplied with a variety of st.mdard works, anil a fine collection of old and rare books, costly engrav- ings, being original proof copies of p.iintini;s of the old masters, interesting curios and bric-.'i-brac from almost every part of the globe. The bedrooms are models of taste and clegmce, luxuriously furnished, no two alike, each possessing an individuality in style and arrangement. The soft rays of the setting sun, slightly obscured by the beautifully colored-stained glass windows, impart a rich glow over the tout ensemble, lifting the soul away from earth to the source of light and happiness. THE MEALD FAMILY. The name Hcakl is supposctl to be of Danish origin, but is found in England through several gen- erations. The Coat Armorial of one branch of the family, as given by Burke, is: Anns. — Quarterly gules and azure in the first and fourth quarters an eagle, with wings elevated or ; in the second and third, a fret of the last, over all a fesse argent thereon, between two crosses pattee, a rose, of the first, barbed and seeded pjir. Crest. — On a mount vert a bundle of arrows fesseways, the points towards the dexter, ppr. bound gules thereon an eagle, wings elevated, criminois, in the beak a sprig of oak, also ppr.: the dexter claw resting on a cross pattee as in the arms. Motto. — Mea gloria cru.x. John llcald, the American ancestor of the famil\-, came from Berwick, England, and settled in Con- cord, Mass., in 1635 ; made freeman, 1641. He married Doroth}- , and had issue _/(?//// ii) and seven other children. John (i ) died May 24, 1662. John Heald (2), son of John (1) and Dorothy ■, was born in Concord. He married .Sarah Dean and had four children, of whom Joint (j) was the second. John Heald (3), son of John (2) and Sarah (Dean) Heald, was born September 19, 1666, died November 25. 1721. He was commonly known as " Lieutenant John." He married Mary Chandler, daughter of John Chandler, and had issue, among other children, Amos. Amos Heald, son of John (3) and Mary (Chandler) Heald, was born in Concord, Mass., in 1709. He married Elizabeth Billings, daughter of Nathaniel Billings, of Concord. He had issue, Daniel d.nd other children. Daniel Heald, son of Amos and Elizabeth (Billingsj Heald, was born in Concord, Mass., July 14, 1739. He w'as a man of uprightness of character, but bold and fearless in the discharge of every known duty. In 1774, during the exciting events that preceded the War of the Revolution, he was deputy sheriff in Concord, and in the discharge of his official duties he jxisted the notice of the adjournment of the court on the court house door. On receiving notice from the Committee of Safety, however, he promised "not to make return on said proclamation, nor in any way be aiding or assisting in bringing on the unconstitutional plan of government." He was looked upon with suspicion by his neighbors, but, as he said to them, "they would be treated simpl\- as rebels, while any overt act on his part would be treason and he would suffer the penalty if caught." At the battle of Concord, however, while he declined to be enrolled, he shouldered his musket and fought side by side with the patriots, joining them at "The Bridge." At the battle of Bunker Hill he served in Col. Prescott"s division. He was also at Ticonderoga in the summer of 1775, and throughout the entire war his sympathies were with the struggling patriots. He was a man much respected in the community and was long a deacon in the Congregational Church. Some time during the war he moved to Chester, Vt., where he died September '7' '833, aged 94. He married Abigail Wheeler and had, among other children, a son. Amos. Amos Heald, son of Daniel and Abigail (Wheeler) Heald, was born in Concord, Mass , November 18, 1765. He heard the "clatter of arms" and the "roar of artillery" when but a little child, and at the age of nine years he witnessed the battle of Concord. Young as he was he was a true patriot and " lived in the days that tried men's souls," and would gladly have fought side by side with his worthy sire had he been able. He was but eleven years of age when his father moved to Chester, Vt., and 324 The Founders and Bi^lders of the Oranges. there the hid worked the farm, and after peace was declared obtained a httle schooHng in the old log school-house. He was a man of marked distinction in the community and held many positions of honor and trust. He was Town Clerk, Justice of the Peace, Judge of the County Court, High Sheriff of the County and represented his town in the State Legislature; he was also for many years a deacon in the Congregational Church. He married Lydia Edwards, daughter and third child of Capt. Ebenczer Edwards, of Acton. Both Ebenezer (then nineteen years of age) and his father, Nathaniel Edwards, were with the Acton company at the battle of Concord Bridge. Young Ebenezer was also at the battle of Bunker Hill and worked on the fortifications at Dorchester Heights. He was a carpenter by trade and did military duty at the same time. The issue of the marriage of .\mos Heald and Lydia Edwards was Amos Edwards, Anna D., Prescott, Persis and Daniel Addison. D.\Mi:i. Addison He.\LD, youngest child of .'\nios and Lydia (Edwards) Heald, was born at Ches- ter, Vt., May 4, 1818. He is one of the few living connecting links with the Revolutionary period, having heard from the lips of his father and grandfather the thrilling stories of the Revolution, and he still has in his possession the sword carried by his grantifather as Deputy .Sheriff of Concord. As a boy he attended the common school, and remained on the farm until he was sixteen years of age. He was then prepared for college at Kimberly Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., and was graduated at Vale College in 1S41. During his senior year he read law in the ofifice of Judge Dugget, and afterwards with Judge Washburn, whose daughter he married, and whose son, Peter T., afterwards became Governor of Vermont. Mr. Heald was admitted to the bar of his native State in May, 1843. Early in life he adopted as his motto: "The Temple of Honor has no room for those who throng her portals without forcing her gates, and leaving traces of their stay within her walls." Mr. Heald continued the practice of his profession from 1S46 to 1854, and for a portion of the time he was cashier of the bank at Black River. He took an active part in politics, being identified with the Whig party, and in 1850 was elected to the lower house of the Legislature of Vermont, and in 1854 represented his district in the State Senate. In 1856 he practiced law for a short time in Galena III., during the residence of young Grant, later General and President of the United States. He was admitted to the bar of Galena about the same time as Rawlins, who afterwards became Secretary of War. Soon after Mr. Heald began the practice of law in his native town, he accepted the agenc\- of the Aetna and other Hartford insurance companies, and during the thirteen years that he remained in his native State, he acquired a marked reputation as a lawyer antl underwriter. In 1856 the Home Insur- ance Company of New York invited him to become their general agent in that city. In April, 1868, after twelve years of faithful service as general agent, he was elected Second Vice-President ; in April, 1883, Vice-President, and in 1888 he succeeded Mr. Charles J. Martin (deceased) as President. When he entered the service of this company its capital was $500,000 and its assets $872,823; in 1890 the capital had increased to $3,000,000 and the assets to $9,000,000. Mr. Heald has been prominent in the New York lioard of L'nderwriters for many years, and the National Board of P"ire Underwriters is due mainly to his efforts, the latter having been established on account of the fierce competition for business and the extraordinary cutting of rates in 1866. In September, 1880, Mr. Heald delivered an address before the I'ire Underwriters' Association of the Northwest on " F"ire L^nderwriting as a Profession," setting forth the evils that had crept into the sj-steni, and the dangers that threatened the companies in consequence. His treatment of the subject evinced deep thought, and the tiiorough knowledge which can be acquired only by long e.vperience. Another speech, delivered in New York, July, 1886, on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the organization of the National Hoard, is said to be the most masterful presentation of fire insurance history and suggestions of which there is any record. His address before the same Board at the twenty- fourth annual meeting, May, 8, 1890, contained a clear and comprehensive statement of the condition of fire insurance throughout the United States, illustrated by carefully prepared tables, showing the aggre- gate business done in the several States from i860 to 1889, and a comparison of the mode of business and results of American companies with those of foreign companies. As an insurance expert Mr. Heald DANIEL A. HEALD. Tin: Founders and Huilders of the Okan«es. 32; lias few rivals, his legal training having enabled liim to meet ami overcome dinRculties that would other- wise have been insurmountable. He is a rapid thinker and a careful, painstaking and very methodical worker. " His services to the profession of underwriting, gratuitously rendered," says an observing writer, " have justified the iissertion that has been made, that no other fire underwriter of late years has done so much to uplift the profession or advance the real intere.sts of fire insurance as he." Mr. Heald's connection with the Oranges, and more especially with Llewellyn Park, began in 1S57, two years after Llewellyn S. Haskell conceived the idea of utilizing this beautiful tract of mountainous country as a park, and he has been identified with its growth and the various improvements that have been made almost from the beginning. He is the sole survivor of the original projectors of this enterprise and has been Secretary of the Board of Proprietors since 1858, and has been largely instru- mental in carrying out Mr. Haskell's plan of keeping it as a park for private residences. Over four miles of macademized roads have been made under his immediate supervision. Mr. Heald was one of the nine original members of the New England Society, of Orange, and has been one of the most active in promoting its objects. He was twice elected its President, the first time receiving a larger number of votes than Gen. George B. McClellan, who was running against iiim for the office. He was one of the original members of the Orange Valley Congregational Church, and served six years as a member of the ]5oard of Trustees. He has been identified with the Orange Memorial Hospital since its organization ; was for fifteen years President of the Advisory Board, and has been Treasurer of the Endowment Fund since it was established. Mr. Heald married, in 1843, Sarah Elizabeth Washburn, daughter of Judge Reuben Washburn and a sister of Gov. Peter T. Washburn, of N'ermont. This family is traced back in an unbroken line to Edward III. Judge Washburn was a direct descendant of John Washburn, Secretary of the Massa- chusetts Bay Colony, and was previously its Secretary in England. Judge Reuben Washburn, the father of Mr. Heald"s wife, married Hannah Blaney Thatcher, daughter of Rev. Thomas Gushing Thatcher, who was the son of Rev. Peter Thatcher, of Brattle Street Church, Boston, during the War of the Revolution. He was the son of Oxenbridge Thatcher, an immigrant lawyer of Boston, and an intimate friend of John Hancock, Samuel Adams, Paul Revere and others; distinguished as an orator of rare ability; mentioned by Bancroft as the "silver-tongued orator." Oxenbridge Thatcher was the son of Rev. Peter Thatcher, of Milton, who married l"heodora Oxenbridge, a daughter of Rev. John Oxenbridge, pastor of the P'irst Church in Boston, who came to Boston from the North of England, about 1635. Rev. Peter Thatcher was the son of Rev. Thomas Thatcher, son of Rev. Peter Thatcher, rector of St. Edmund's Church, Salisbury, England, who died in 1614. Five children were the issue of the marriage of Mr. Heald with Miss Washburn, one of whom died in infancy. Mary Eliza, married A. M. Burlis, of Orange; John Oxenbridge (see page 292); Charles Arthur, died at Yale College during his senior year, aged 22 ; Alice Washburn, married Prof. George L. Manning, of Stevens Institute. Residi.nck of D.wiii E. Grkkx. The wide exp.inse of lawn sloping gently towards the east with no other covering than the rich, green, velvety carpet which nature has so liberally provided, forms the chief attraction of the residence of Mr. Green. The entrance is by a winding driveway from Oak Bend, and the house, a substantial brick edifice set in a framework of evergreens, with the tall forest trees for a background, forming altogether a most attracti\e picture and a desirable home. Nothing is done for show or effect, but there is an individuality about it which is in strict harmony with the owner and designer. The early success of Mr. Haskell in his development of Llewellyn Park is due in a great measure to the encouragement and hearty cooperation of his friend Mr. William Green, who made the first purchase of about twenty acres, which he immediately laid out into large building plots and induced members of his own family to join him in the enterprise. His homestead plot on Tulip Avenue, on which he erected a large brick house, is now owned and occupied by Mr. George J. Seabury. He conveyed to his daughter, Mrs. Moore, a plot adjoining his own, where she resided for some years. This is now the property of Mr. James Lancey. "Castlewood." the most attractive residence in the 326 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Park, was built b\- his stepson, Mr. Joseph Howard. His two sons, David E. and Charles F., both built for themselves substantial brick residences. The former still resides in the Park, and is at present the only representative of the family in this locality. Wll.l.l.VM Green was born in New York City, August 12, 1796. He was for many years engaged in the iron importing and also in the hardware trade with A. R. & D. Wetmore, and conducted the iron smelting and rolling works at Boonton. Mr. Green was one of a band of men notable in their day for the brave stand they made in philanthropic and religious movements. He was one of the founders, in October, 1833. and Vice-President of the New York City Anti-Slaver\- Society, of which Arthur Tappan was President. Mr. (ireen was one of the men who met secretly for that purpose in Chatham Street Chapel, a mob having threatened to demolish Clinton Hall, at the corner of Theatre Alley and Beekman Street, being incited to these deeds of violence by the G^ww^rc/r?/ .-ir/t'ir/wcr and other pro-southern papers. Mr. Green was then living in Cit\- Hall Place. About that time the Abolitionists were at all times in danger of assaults by mobs, and to protect his house, Mr. Green kept a tank at the top of the building filled with hot water and hose connection, arranged in such a way that assailants would be as- sured of a warm reception. In December. 1883, Mr. Green assisted in the formation, at Philadelphia, of the American Anti-Slavery Society. The first ofificers of this society were : Arthur Tappan, President ; Wm. Green, Jr., Vice-President ; John Rankin, Treasurer. Mr. Green was an intimate co-worker in philan- thropic and religious matters with, among others, William Lloyd Garrison, Horace Greely, Wendel Phillips, the Tappans, William Goodell, John Rankin, Dr. Abraham L. Cox, and the Rev. Charles G. Finney. He was at one time an orthodox believer, but for many years before his death he accepted the Harmonial Philosophy, as taught by Andrev,- Jackson Davis, as the rule of his life. Mr. Green con- tinued to reside in Orange until 1876, when he removed to Brooklyn, where he died Oct. 21, 188 1. Mr. Green was twice married. First, to Jane Palter; second, to Harriet Cornelia, daughter of Zebulon Ely. Lakeside, the home of Henry T. Folsom. Nature seems to have designed this location as a fitting site for a castle of the feudal ages. The high elevation of the knoll, sloping in an almost perpendicular direction on every side, conveys the idea of security and seclusion, while the deep ravine in front sug- gests the ancient moat, and leaves naught else to the imagination to complete the surroundings of a feudal castle, save the portcullis to guard against the entrance of foes. This is really the most romantic spot in all the Park. The immense growth of trees obscures the distant view, but one has only to look around and beneath to enjoy to the fullest extent the beauties of nature. Lakeside is located on VVildwood Avenue a little southeast of The Ramble and Park Way. The house, which was modeled much after the style of an Italian villa, was built about 1865. Henry Folsom, who resided here for a number of years, came of an old New England family, many of whose descend- ants achieved distinction in their day, and were noted for their devotion to the principles of civil and religious liberty, and for their patriotism in the days that tried men's souls. THE FOLSOn FAHILV. The surname of Folsom is deri\-cd from Folsham, in Norfolk County, England. The earliest period in which the name appears in history is in the first half of the Fourteenth century. Mention is made of "John de Foulsham, an eloquent, imflinching opponent of the corruptions of the times." The same spirit of opposition to the "corruptions of the times" and to injustice and oppression in every age, has characterized his descendants. Jcihii I'oulsham, whose ancestors were of the same family, came from Hingham, England, to this country on the " Dillegent of Ipswich," Eng., 26th of April, 1638, and settled first in Hingham, Mass., and about 1650 removed to Exeter, N. H., to which place his father-in-law had preceded him. He married, 4th of October, 1636, Mary, eldest child of Edward and Mary Clark (lilmaii, who accompanied him to this country. Their chiUlrcn were Samuel, Joint (2), known as " Deacon John," Nathaniel, Israel, Peter, Mary, Ephraim. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 327 Deacon John (2) Folsom, tliiid cliild of John fi) and Mary CGilman) FolM>ni, was baptized October 3, 1641. He was a man of liigh stantling and i^ood proi)erty, active both in church ami |)oiitical affairs. He was frequently sent to the General Assembly. He married Abij^ail, daughter of Abraham Perkins, of Hampton. He died in Fxctcr, N. H., 1715. He had twelve children, of whom ./<•/■<•«//(;// was the eighth. Jeremiah Folsom, eighth child of Deacon John and Abigail (Perkins) Folsom, was born at Exeter, N. H., in 1680. He Tiianietl I^lizabclh , and had eight children, of whom Col. John was the youngest. Col. John I'"olsnni, youni^'cst child nf Ji-remiali and Elizabeth (' ) Folsom, was born in New- market, July 7, 1723. In 1766 he rcmovctl to Greenland. Mass., where he was an inn-holder. He was highly esteemed, and often elected to office in Strathani. He died April 17, 1787. He married, first, Sarah, daughter of Samuel \'easy ; she ilicd in 1756; he married, second, Mrs. Martha Hrackett (n(5c Wiggin), daughter of Thomas Wiggin. I^avid was the eldest of eight children. Major David Folsom, eldest child of Col. John and Martha (lirackett, nee \\iggin,) Folsom, was born in Newmarket, Mass., May 20, 1 750. He aided in laying out the town of Tamworth, in 1776, where he became a prominent citizen, holding the office of Major and various civil offices. He is said to be the first to make cut nails by machinery. In 1788 he removed to Harrisburg, Penn., and died there the same year. He married Dorothy, daughter of Rev. William Johnson, of Newburg, Mass., and of Wind- ham, N. H. They had two sons, William and " Won." John, born 1776. Hon. John Folsom, youngest son of Major David and Dorothy (Johnson) Folsom, was born in Tamworth, Mass., March 11, 1776; died in Chester, N. H., August 9, 1850. He was taken by his father to Harrisburg, Penn., in 17S8, and in 1792 returned with his mother and brother to Chester, where the two sons put up machinery for making nails by water power, in a building which their stepfather had used for a fulling mill. He continued in this business till 1805, when he became a contractor on the Londonderry Tuni])ikc, wyion which he built a jiub- /' ^^^^•'<■. lie house and became a popular landlord. He was ^D|jB^'*^^*^\ elected State Senator, and was for years Judge of the ^^^ '^JH^. Court of Coininon I'Kas. He married, first, December 251 1808, Mehitabel Mclvin, who died without issue 1824; he married, second, Dorothy T., daughter of Lieut. Josiah Underhill. They had eight children, all born in that part of Chester now called Auburn : John, born 1826; Charles, born 1828; /Av/n', born 1829; George, born 1831 ; Rev. Arthur, born 1833; Richard, born 1835; Man*', born 1836, married George R. Hodge. She died in Orange, N. J., Nov. 12, 1862, leaving Mary Folsom, who married, Dec. 10. 1884, Calyton Rockhill. Ill \K\ l"(M>iiM, third child of Hon. John and Me- hitabel (Melvin) Folsom, was born in Dcrry, N. H., ( )ctober 27, 1829. He received a good academic educa- tion and was for some years clerk in a mercantile house. He went to St. Louis, Mo., about 1859, and engaged in the firearms business. This proved a most fortunate venture, for at the end of two years the Civil War broke out, and there was not only a demand for firearms but for V ■ _ every kind of military equipments. He established a branch in Chicago, which proved equally successful and was carried on until its destruction by the great fire of "71. MKNKY FOLSOM. Aftcr thc capturc of Memphis by the Federal Army in ?28 The Founders and Btilders of the Oranges. i- l().)k in every direction ami see nothing but trees, with tlieir rich foliage of varied hues, shrubs and plants, springing up from beneath the smooth, velvety lawn, wiiile the almost endless variety of flowers dot the landscape here and there, exhaling their sweet perfume and making one long for continual sunshine and a never-ending summer. One may enter this little para.lise from any direc- tion, it being surrounded on every side by avenues and driveways— encircled by Linwood Way. Hloomfield Way and Glen Avenue. From either point of view a new and attractive picture is pre- sented. The house itself appears to front on every side; from the rear you look out upon a broad e.x- panse of well-kept lawn ; beyond this, a large home garden under the highest state of cultivation. Woodland, witii its extensive flower gardens, is not designed simply for summer use. The large conservatories of ferns and roses afford a constant supply for house decorations and home comforts, dur- ing the long months when everything in the open is wrapped in the icy folds of winter. Chief among the roses are the American Heaut\-, the Bride, the Pearl, the Mermaid, etc. The stately mansion, with its broad verandas, its high tower and its ample dimensions, are worthy of special mention. It is a solid brick structure— the design is a combination of the English and Italian, a pretty blending of both, the e.xterior being con- structed with a special view to light, ventilation and comfort within. The rooms are large and airy and fitted uj) with every modern convenience. The wall and ceiling decorations of each room are in perfect harmony with the rich upholstering and massive oak and walnut furniture. The floors on a part of the first story are inlaid hard wood, partly covered with Turk- ish mats and rugs of elaborate design and pattern. The rooms in the second story are luxuriously furnished, the coverings blending in color with the soft, mellow tints of the walls and ceilings. The artistic tasti- ami good judgment of its occu- pants are everywhere apparent, and nothing is lacking in the comforts and conveniences of a well-furnished home. STABLES AT WOODLAND. Evergreen Hill. This place, now the residence of Mrs. Francis Moulton, was formerly the property of Egbert Starr, one of the earliest settlers in the Park. It has manj' attracti\e features worthy of note. The entrance on Honeysuckle Avenue is by two wide driveways. The place is laid out mostly in lawn, with a variety of shade trees and evergreens. The place is enclosed by a serpentine hedge, formed of a variety of dwarf trees and shrubs. THE MUNN F-AHILY. The origin of the name of Munn is not definitelj- known, but it is doubtless of great antiquit)' as shown in the .Armorial Bearings of the English branch of the family, viz.: Anns. — Per chevron sable and or, in chief three bezants and in base a castle triple-towered of the first. Crist. — A de.xter arm in armor, holding a lion's paw erased ppr. ]\Iotto. — "Omnia vincit Veritas." — Truth conquers all things. Benjamin Mun, the American ancestor of this branch of the Munn famih-, was, in 1637, a resident of Hartford, Conn., but he removed to Springfield. Mass., in the same \ear. He joined John Mason's company in an expedition against the Pequots in 1637, and was at the attack on the fort at Groton, Conn., where several hundred Indians were slain. This expedition followed an attack made b\- the Indians upon Wethersfield, where many settlers were killed. In May, 1637, Mason set out with his fol- lowers and was joined by Uncas, chief of the Mohegans. The Pequot fort was a formidable affair, but it was surprised, stormed, and carried by assault, with terrible destruction of the natives, who never recovered from the blow inflicted. The remnant of the tribe were nearly annihilated not long afterwards in the swamp lands near Fairfield. Mason's company consisted of only sevcnty-se\-en Englishmen, while the savages numbered about ten times that number. As they were strongly entrenched behind almost 330 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. impassible palisades, the Mohegan and Narragansett Indians that had joined the expedition deserted before the assault took place. Upon his return he received, with others, by "the town's courtessie," in 1639, a grant of land on the east side of the "cow pasture lane," now known as North Main Street. He was the official "viewer of chimneys and ladders" in Springfield, the duties of which referred to pre- cautionary measures to prevent fires originating in the thatched roofs then universally used. In 1653 he was fined the sum of five shillings " for taking tobacco in his haj'-cock." He married April 12, 1649, Abigail, daughter of Henry Burt, widow of Francis Ball, and took up his residence where now is located Court Square and the Chicopee Bank Building. The children of this union were: Abigail, borne y^ 28 of y* 4 mon, 16^0; John, borne y« 8 day of 12 mon, 1652; Mary, who married Nathaniel Wheeler; Benja- min, borne the first day of y" i mon, 1655; James, borne the loth day of 12 mon, 1656; Xnt/iaiiir!, borne the 25th of y'= 5 mon, 1661. In 1665, being very weak and aged, he "was exempted from mil- itary service." He died in November, 1675, and trailition lias it that he was killed by the Indians, although the details of his death are not recorded. Nathaniel, youngest child of Benjamin and Abigail Burt (Ball) Man, was born in Springfield, Mass., July 25, 1661. Married Sarah Chapin, daughter of Japhet Chapin, of Springfield, Mass., March 24, 1689. They had seven children: Sarah, born September 10, 1692; Abigail, born April 9, 1696; Benjamin and Hannah, twins, born May 28, 1698 (Benjamin died June 2, 1698); Biiijciiniii, born August 12, 1700; Samuel, born July 20, 1706; John, born January 24, 1708-9. "He was deacon of the First Church in Springfield ; dyed the 31st day of December, Adomi, 1743, in the 63d year of his age." Benjamin Mun, son of Nathaniel and Sarah (Chapin) Mun, was born August 12, 1700. Married, December 30, 1731, Rebecca Russell, daughter of Adonijah Russell, of Brimfield, Mass., and had issue, Benjamin, born Oct. 8, 1732; Joseph, born May i, 1734; Abner. born July 28, 1736; Abigail, born Sept. 14, 1739; Riiilhii, born April 25, 1742; Rebekah, born Dec. 1 i, 1745 : Mary, born Oct. i, 1749; Jeremy, born April 11, 1754. In 1715 the new settlement of Brimfield was opened up. and \-oung Benjamin, together with ten others, became the original proprietors of the new township. In 1760 the part of Brimfield in which Benjamin resided was set apart as a separate township under the name of Monson. "On petition of Benja. Munn, X'oted to abate the Ilighwa\- Rates of those Soldiers in the Continental service the year past." i^See records of Monson, June 24, 1776.) Reuben Munn, son of Benjamin and Rebecca (Russell) Munn, was born April 25, 1742; marrieil Hannah , and had issue, Alfred, born October 29, 1769; John, born Januar\- 17, 1771 ; Flizah, born September 7, 1772; Julius, born February 9, 1774; A'/Vc, born May 17, 1776; Cyrene, born November 12, 1777; Pamela, born April 13, 1780; Fidelia, born June 17, 1783; Oral, born August 6, 1785; L'lyses, born July 14, 1788. Widow Hannah Munn died at Monson, Mass., October 4, 1823, aged eighty years. It was he who, when on June 24, 1776, the town passed a vote as to the attitude the town should take in relation to joining the Continental forces, made the following record on the minutes of the town meeting, viz.: " Voted unanimously for Indipency." At the time of the Alarm Roll Call, pre- vious to the battle of Lexington, he formed a company and marched, on April 19, 1775, to Cambridge, where he reported for service. His name appears with the rank of "Captain in the Lexington Alarm Roll of Capt. Reuben Munn's Company." He served under Gen. Gates at Ticonderoga, and in 177S was raised by ballot of the House of Representatives to the rank of Second Major of the First Regi- ment in Hampshire County, and finally was raised to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel of the F"irst Berk- shire County Regiment. He was instrumental in suppressing the disorders arising at the close of the war, and he formed a company, which he marched to the front at the time of Shay's Rebellion. How- ever distressing the condition of the revolutionists may have been, and however serious their grievances, he had no sympathy for those who endeavored to redress their wrongs by taking up arms against their country. Rice Munn, son of Reuben and Hannah Munn, was born May 17, 1776; died March 12, 1866. Mar- ried Lavina Shaw, of Monson ; born Nov. 19, 1778; she died April 15, 1867. They had five children, viz.: Pamelia, born May 9, 1803, died Aug. 22, 1880; Oril, born July 29, 1807, died July 16, 1891 ; Ada- Thk Founders and Builders of the Oran(;es. 33" line, born March ii, iSi i, died Au-,'. 31, 1894; Rice Sliaw, born Oct. 17, 1S14. died February 15. 1890; Orson Pisnix, born June 11. 1824. Rice exemplified the sterling' qualities ..f the Puritan stock from wliich he was tlescendetl. and was upright and honest in all his dealings with his fellowmen, a true friend, a good father and husband. E VIEW OF RESIDENCE OF OLIVER s. CARTER. from out of a feservolr, kept constantly OLIVER S. CARTER. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 339 filled from a never-failing spring, which affords an abundant sujiply of clear, cold water for every building on the place. Along the front of the house is a row of beautiful silver maples; the Australian pine, the Norway spruce and other evergreens are planted on either side. The usual variety of shrubs and flowers form a pretty contrast to the bright green foliage of the trees, and add effectiveness to the picture. The vegetable gardens in the rear of the house, together with the fine-bearing fruit trees, are inclosed in borders of bo.x, while a hedge of arbor vita; in the rear conceals the stable and other out- buildings. The sixteen acres, with tlic improvements, were purchased by Mr. Carter of Mr. Toombs in 1877; these, together with the ten acres purchased later by Mr. Carter, form a part of the old Simeon Harrison farm, once famous for its apple orchards, with their rich yield of Jersey cider and applejack. The stump of an old apple tree is all that is now left as a reminder of its former greatness. " Mountain- side," however, has become famous through the grand social entertainments given by tlie present ])ro- prietor and his wife ,uiil (LuiglUcr, who iiave endeared themselves to the people of Orange by their many- acts of kintlncss and generous hospitality. THE CARTER FAHILY. Jacob Carter, the Connecticut ancestor of the family, is said to have removed from Southold, L. I., to Branford, Conn., and to have married at the latter place, Dorcas Tyler, Dec. 4, 1712. He removed later to Southington, Conn. He had, among other children, a son .A^cc/'. Jacob Carter (2), son of Jacob { 1 1 and Dorcas (Tyler) Carter, was born Nov. 26, 1716. He married Mary, daughter of Stephen Barnes, of Branford, and had a son Itliicl. Ithiel Carter, son of Jacob (2) and Mary (Barnes) Carter, was born in Southington, Conn., Aug. i, '753- He served in tlie War of the Revolution as Sergeant, in Captain Sizer's company, of Middletown, Conn., attached to the Regiment of " Artificers," commanded by Jeduthan Baldwin, " Col. of Engineers and Lieut. Col. Comd't of Artificers." The regiment was at Brandy wine, Germantown, Monmouth and other fields. Ithiel Carter married Lois, daughter of Eliakim Deming, of Southington, and had issue, Lucy, Hernias and other children. Hermas Carter, second child of Ithiel and Lois (Deming) Carter, was born in Southington, Conn., in 1782. He married Hannah Booth, daughter of Joseph Booth, of Berlin, Conn., born at Lnfield, Conn., Aug. 30, 1770; died at Berlin. Sept. 9, 1846. He was the son of Joseph, of Enfield, born there Oct. 28, 1736; died 1810. He .served in the French and Indian War, and in the Revolutionary War; was ensign in Capt. John Simmon's company, Terry's Regiment ; marched from Connecticut " for the Relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm," April, 1775 : was private in Eighth Company, Col. Watcr- bury's Fifth Connecticut Regiment ; later was ensign in Seventh Company, Col. Walcott's Regiment, " Connecticut Line ;" was Second Lieut, of Second Company, Col. Sage's Connecticut Regiment, Wads- worth Brigade. Joseph Booth was the son of Joseph and Sarah (Chandler) Booth, of Enfield, (born 1710); he was the son of Zcchdria/i, of Enfield, born about 1666; a large land-holder; representative to the General Court, at Boston, several times: he was the son of Simeon, of Enfield, born in Maine, 1641 ; received a grant of thirty five acres of land in 16S0; came to Enfield 16S0, married Rebecca Frost ; son of Robert, of Saco, Me.; born in England, 1602 ; died at Saco, 1673; was very prominent in the latter place; descend.mt of William de Booth, of County Lancaster, England, living in 1275. The motto borne on the Arms was, " Qiioii ero spero " — " 1 hope that I shall be." Oliver Stanley Cakter, son of Hermas and Hannah t^Booth) Carter, was born in New Hartford, Litchfield County, Conn. He had no other educational advantages than those afforded by the common school of his native town, but he made the most of his opportunities and laid the foundation for a suc- cessful business career. He came to New York City in 1845 and obtained a position with the grocery firm of Cevell & Whitlock. His connection with this firm, including the various changes that have taken place, covers a period of half a century. This is one of the very few business houses which has survived the several crises of that period, and to the present head of the firm of Carter, Macy & Co. is due. in no 340 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. small deo^ree, the credit of its continuous and almost unprecedented success. Mr. Carter is one of the oldest and most prominent of the down-town merchants. He is connected with various other business enterprises, in some of which he exercises a controUing influence. He was for many years a director, and later Vice-President, of the Bank of the RepubHc. and in 1892 he succeeded John J. Knox as Presi- dent. He is a director in the Home Insurance Company, the Standard (ias Company, and other busi- ness organizations. Mr. Carter was for many years a resident of Brooklyn Heights, and during that time was connected with the First Presbyterian Church of Brooklyn. He moved to Orange in 1862 and bought a house on Main Street, where he resided until 1 S77, when he purchased his present property on the Northfield Road. On coming to Orange Mr. Carter united with the P'irst Presbyterian Church. As an elder he has been faithful and earnest in guiding its spiritual interests; as trustee he has rendered efficient aid in the management of its temporal affairs, and the benevolent work of the church he has supported with a liberal hand. As a public spirited citizen Mr. Carter has done his full share to further every important enterprise for the advancement of public interests and for the benefit of his neighbors. The first meet- ing for the organization of the New ICngland Society was held at his house, and frequent meetings of the society were held there until a suitable hall was provided. Mr. Carter has been one of its councilors and Vice-President. Mr. Carter has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Elizabeth Hyde Coley, of New Haven, daughter of John H. Coley, a prominent merchant of New Haven, a descendant of Samuel Coley, the American ancestor of the family. By this marriage Mr. Carter had four children. He married, secondly, Miss Isis Yeterbide Potter, daughter of the late Mr. William WOodburn Potter, of Washing- ^^'"' THE COLLAMORE FAMILY. Davis Collamore, the only representative of his family name in the Oranges, was contemporaneous with Haskell, Marcy, Tomes, and other enterprising men, who cleared the mountain forests of West Orano-e. making there a series of refined suburban homes. " Bclhurst," Mr. Collamore's beautiful coun- try seat, with its gracefully sloping lawns, grand old forest trees, and its wealth of flowers and shrubs. will ever be associated with memories of its owner, whose creative genius and love of nature enabled him to emphasize the natural beauties of the location, so that it yielded the largest measure of pleasure to the many who were permitted to enjoy his genial hospitality. Mr. Collamore was an exemplitication of that rare develop- ment of qualities which, through suc- cessive generations, had characterized the family as one of marked influence in its ilay. In early Colonial records the name is variously spelled — Colh'more, Col- more, CoUymer, Collmer, etc. It is derived from Colline, a small mound or hill. From the description of the arms, given in Burke's General Arm- ory, it would appear that the family came from France, and the in.scription on the shield indicates that its members were among the bold crusaders who followed the fortunes of Richard Coeur de Lion, and were knighted for brilliant achieve- KNTRANCE TO RESIDENCE OK DAVIS COI.I.AMOkE. The Founders and lini.ni'.Ks dk the Oranges. 34" ments. The fust of the family name mciitioiicd in the liistory '>( I'lymoutli Colony, is that <>f I'etcr C(>ll\-moie, who secured a grant of land at Scitiiate, Mass., in 1639, and whose home, " Hrook Hall," on the "Third Herring Brook," was on the direct road to Scituatc Harbour. He was also an ori|{inal pro- prietor at Seconset, now Little Compton. I'eter became a freem.m in 1643, ■'"'i having no chililrcn he sent to Europe for his nejjhews, William Hlacknu)re (soon afterwards killed by the Indians), and An- thony Collymore. By will, dated in 1684, Peter provided for " wife Mary, one-third of the income of my estates,'" also for children of William l?lackmore, and then to his nephew Anthony all other property. Capt. Anthony CoUamore, was a ])rominent citizen, always taking part in military, civil and ecclesi- astical affairs of his town. In iT/xi he married Sarah, twin daughter of Isaac Chittenden, several times deputy from Scituate, member of the Council of War, etc. Anthony was a Captain of militia and mas- ter of a vessel, and lost his life December 16, 1693, in a wreck on the coast near his home, his vessel going to pieces on a rocky reef which still bears the name of Collymore's Ledge. In 1694, shortly after his death, there was printed in Boston a memorial, composed by the Rev. Deodet Lawson, under the title of " Threnodia, or a Mournful Remembrance of the Much-to-be Lamented Death of the Worthy and Pious Captain Anthony CoUamore." Of Anthony CoUamore's twelve children, five only lived be- yond infancy : Peffr, Mary, Sarah, Martha and Elizabeth. The latter was twice married ; first to Jere- miah Rose and afterwards to Tymotlu' .Symmes. Her great-granddaughter, Anna Symmes, married, Nov. 22, 1795, William Henry Harrison, ninth President of the United States. IVter CoUamore, son of Capt. Anthonj- and Sarah (Chittenden) CoUamore, was born in Scituate, Mass., in 1671, and in 1695 married Abegail Davis, of Roxbury, Mass. Their children were: Abegail, Sarah, Anthony, Peter, Mary, ./<'//;/, Isaac, Thomas and Samuel. Peter and Samuel died young; the descendants of Anthony went to New York State and X'crmont ; they adopted the "er" termination of the name. Among these was Hon. Jacob CoUamer, who was Postmaster-General in 1S49, and L'nited States Senator from Vermont, 1855 to 1865. The descendants of Isaac went to Maine and Rhode Islantl, while those of Thomas and John remained in Massachusetts. John CoUamore, sixth child of Peter and Abegail (Davis) CoUamore, was born in Scituate, in 1704, and died April 17, 1755. He married Margaret Whiton, daughter of Enoch Whiton, of Hingham, Mass., April 27, 1732. Their children were: Sarah, Mary, Betty, John and liiiocli. Captain Enoch CoUamore, fifth child of John ami Margaret (Whiton) CoUamore, was born in Scitu- ate, Mass., June 27, 1745, and died April 22, 1S24. In the War of the Revolution he "marched for the ^^.^^ Relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm," April, 1775, and March 17. ' 1777, was elected one of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety, serving till the close of the war. He represented Scituate in the first State Legislature in 1781-2-3, and again in 1806-7-8. His title of Captain was gained in the militia. He married Hannah Cush- ing, daughter of Capt. Pyam and Hannah (Lincoln) Cushing, whose ancestor, Matthew Cushing, came in the ship "Diligent" from Hing- h mi, in Old England, and settled in Hingham, in New England, in 1633. Hannah was a granddaughter of the Hon. Benjamin Lincoln, who was a representative of the General Court in 1746-47-48, and a niece of General Benjamin Lincoln, who served through the Revolution and was Secretary of War in 1781. Their nine chiklren were: /('////.Han- nah, Sarah, Enoch, Sophia, Anthony, Gilman, Horace and Susannah. Col. John CoUamore, eldest child of Enoch and Hannah (Cushingi CoUamore, was born in Scituate, Mass., July 9, 1775, and died March 18, 1S59. He was a manufacturer and farmer, cultivating the acres of his ancestors with success. Like others of his race, he was prominent in the afTairs of his native town. The military instinct was inherited naturally, and from the time he received his first commission as ensign, from the Hon. Samuel Adams, in November, 1795, until the expiration of that of Colonel, given coi.. jiiii^ 1 I \M(iRK. 342 The Foundeks and Builders of the Oranges. liim by Jolin Brooks, in 1820, he was a commissioned officer in the Mihtia of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for thirty years. It is recorded tliat he was never superseded, and was, during the entire time, never but once absent from any regularly appointed training or review. In civil life he served as Selectman, Assessor, Justice of the Peace, School Committee and County Commissioner, and also as a member of the con\ention, held in 1S20, to revise the State Constitution. Colonel CoUa- more was also a deacon in the Baptist Church, and widely esteemed as a man of sterling integrity and fervent piety. He was twice married, first on Oct. 4, 1801, to Michal Curtis, daughter of Ebenezer Curtis, of Hanover, Mass., one of his contemporaries in the Revolutionary service. Her grandfather, Bazaliel Curtis, was made one of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety for Hanover, in 1775. The children of Col. John and Michal (Curtis) Collamore were: John and Michal, (twins), born Aug. 13, 1802; Sarah. July 26, 18C4; Mary, March 7, 1806; Betsey, Nov. ;. 1807; Ebenezer, Sept. 5, 1S09; Williams, July 23, 181 i ; Lucinda, March 28, 1S13 ; Williams and Lucinda, (twins), Aug. 13, 181 5 : .An- drew I-'uller, Sept. 11, 1817; Dcii'is, Oct. 7, 1820. Col. John Collamore married, second. Poll)- Little, of Marshfield, and had issue : Almira Amanda, George Enoch, William Ward, Oilman Davis Ciu.i.amoke, twelfth child of Col. John ami Michal (Curtis) Collamore, the seventh genera- tion of the name in America, was born in Scituate, Plymouth County, Mass., Oct. 7, 1820. Having re- ceived a thorough academic education, he came to New York in 1836, to enter the employ of his brother, Ebenezer, an importer of fine china and glass, then located at 151 Broadwa\-, and li\ed with his brother, whose home was in the neighborhood of .St. John's Park. After si.x years with his brother, dur- ing which Uavis not only mastered the details of the business as then conducted, but made as well a study of ceramics, he fountleil the house of Davis Collamore, at 595 Broadway. Some years after the name was changed to Davis Collamore & Co , Mr. Collamore admitting to partnership some of his clerks, to whom he gave an interest. Highly endowed with that mental trait which has been so aptly styled "the gentle genius of taste," Mr. Collamore speedily devoted his energies to emphasizing the artistic features of his business. He did much to refine and cultivate the public taste of his day, and to increase the understanding and love of Keramic art, his mind quickly- grasping the wisdom of the view which held that it should be studied for the new forms of beauty it reveals, and for the sake of the enlarged intelligence and consequent widened range of le- fined [ileasure affonled b\' such research. Among his business contemporaries he soon became not only a leader whose opinions were sought in this branch of trade, but his marked ability as an art connoisseur and his originality as a de- signer of styles was fully recognized and acknowledged by leading manu- facturers of Europe. He was most ap preciative of all that is best in art ami literature. The business of which he was the founder remained practically unchanged till 1S86. when it was reorganized as a stock company, with Mr. Collamore as President. Though naturally of a retiring disposition, during his business career of fifty--one years Mr. Collamore did not hesitate to take part in public affairs where he thought he could be of .service. As a member of the Seventh Regiment he was on dutv during the night of the Aster UKI.IURST, KF.SIDENCE OF DAVIS COl.I.AMOKK. ♦ %^ DAVIS COLLAMORE. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 343 Place riots, and as a loyal Republican ho was a staunch supporter of the National Government clurinj; tlie Rebellion. Amont; his business associates he was regarded as the soul of honor and integrity, and his commercial probity enabled his firm to meet every obligation through all the financial crises. About 18(14 Mr. CoUaniore became a summer resident of West Orange, purchasing .seventy acres on the eastern slope of the Orange Mountain, part of the Simeon Harrison farm, twenty acres being apple orchards and the balance the fine forest, which gave to his home its fitting name, " Iklhurst," (beauti- ful wood). The estate was bounded on the cast by Mr. Tomes' property, and extended on the west to the very crest of the Mountain. While the home was being built Mr. Collamore lived at "Cosy Cot- tage." adjoining ".Silver Spring," the home of Dr. Lowell Mason. In improving the property it was the owner's pleasure to enhance the natural beauties of the location rather than to make it in any de- gree artificial. The dignified mansion, built of brown stone, quarried on the estate, was designed by his nephew, George Hathorne, the eminent architect, whose early ileath dejirivcd his profession of a talented member. Among the first to introduce the breeding of Jersey cattle in the neighborhood of Orange, the beautiful creatures grazing in the fields at Iklhurst were one of the features of the ]}lace. Much friendly rivalry e.xisted among the various owners of the vicinity, and representatives of Mr. Collamore's herd won many a prize at the annual State Fairs at Waverley, N. J. In 1867, during the early agitation of the question of good roads, Mr. Collamore joined other public- spirited citizens in serving on the Township Committee, and as chair- man of the Road Committee he was 1 irgely instrumental in securing the adoption of the Telford system of improved road building. The owner of Belhurst was one of the twelve original members of the New Fng- iand Society of Orange. Of dignified mien, a semi-mili- tary bearing increasing his courtli- ness of manner. Davis Collamore was the personification of thoughtfulness in all the \ aried range of his charities. From his Pilgrim ancestors he inherited to the fullest e.xtent all the characteristics of resolute courage and de\otion to duty which marked the sturdy settlers of "The Plymouth Colony of Massachusetts." F"rom boih parents he drew a mingling of strength and gentle- ness of manner that was specially attractive in his character and which made his home life ideal. Though naturally reserved in manner, he was a most charming social companion. In conversation, a breadth of knowledge acquired by extended travel, obser\ation and reading, gave to his concise and comprehensive, yet well-chosen words, the impress of wise thought. His tact and helpfulness, in the presence of suffering, made him a welcome visitor in many a sick-room All who were fortunate in po.s- sessing his acquaintance bear testimony to his purity of life and to the many attributes which marked him pre-eminently the Christian gentleman. His death, August 13, 1887, was a loss to the community. On November 7, 1842, Mr. Collamore married Hannah Augusta Fiske, a Bostonian by birth, and a direct descendant of David Fiske, who came from England to Watertown, Mass., in 1642, and whose English record traces back in the direct line to Symon Fiske, Lord of the Manor of Stradhaugh, parish LANDSCAPE AT BE.LIURST. 344 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges Laxfield, County of Suffolk, England, in the reign of Henry \1., (1399-14221. Robert Fiske, (^and wife Sybil Gould), the progenitor of the New England famih', was fourth in descent from him. Davis and Hannah Augusta (Fiske) Collamorc, had four children : Emma Augusta, Lucinda Fuller, Davis and Marion Davis. The eldest married Samuel Patridgc. The second and tliird children died in infancy. Mrs. CoUamore died November 13, 1882. After the death of Mr. Collamore, his two daughters, finding the cares and responsibilities of the place too great, sold the homestead and nineteen acres, retaining the forty acres adjoining. They still spend their summers on the Mountain Ridge, and cling fondly to the many pleasant associations connected with this neighborhood. Mountain Riixie. All that p.irt of the ridge of the First Mountain, now coverctl by beautiful aiul attractive homes, was, previous to i860, an unbroken forest, almost inaccessible even to the pedes- trian. Its present condition is due to the efforts of Dr. E. E. Marcy, who was the pioneer in this great undertaking. He purchased, in i860, of Daniel C. Otis, a tract of two hundred acres, h'ing between the Northfield Road and Mount Pleasant Avenue, overlooking Hutton Park in front and extending west to Perry Lane. He opened a road from the top of the Mountain to Mount Pleasant Avenue, and removed the trees along the front of the ridge which obstructed the view. He built his residence and employed a well-known landscape gardener to la\- out the grounds. He iiro\-ided himself witli every modern convenience that could be had, even to having gas-pipes laid from the town to the top of the Mountain. It was not long before others were attracted to this locality, and in the course of a few years he had not only a delightful country home for himself, but was surrounded with pleasant and agreeable neighbors, among whom were (jeneral Marcy, his brother. General McCIellan, the Browns, the Robinsons, the Hartleys, and others, all of whom erected fine residences and made additional improvements. THE MARCY FAMILY. The name of Marcy is a familiar one to the American people, through its distinguished representa- tives, who have figured prominently in the public affairs of this country for more than three quarters of a century. The famil\- were originally of French ancestr}-. De Marcy, or simply Marcy, is a name quite common in France and its colonies. The name appears to have come into Normand\- with Rollo, A. D. 912, (it was then Von Marcy); thence went to England with William the Conqueror, A. D. 1068, and became very common in Cheshire, where the orthography is now universally Massey, or Marsie. In this form (Massey) it is common in the English and Irish peerage. The present French form of the name obtains somewhat in England, as shown by "The Patents of King John," A. D. 120S, in which mention is made of one Radus de Marcy. John Marcy, the founder of tliis branch of the family in America, was the son of the High Sheriff of Limerick, Ireland. He was born about 1662, joined Elliot's Church, in Roxbury, Mass., March 7, 1685. In April, 1686, he, with twelve others, known subsequently as the " Old Thirteen," founiled the town of Woodstock, Conn., granted (1663) by the Colony of Massachusetts to the town of Ro.xbury. The territory was claimed by Massachusetts for many years afterwards. John Marc\- married Sarah, daughter of James Hadlock, and had eleven children, of which Jniijniniii was the sixlli. Benjamin Marcy, sixth child of John and .Sar.di 1 Hadlock) Marcy, w.is born in Woodstock, Conn., March 11, 1697. He married Mary, daugiiter of James and Ilanna 1 1'.astnian 1 Corbiii. The)- had eight children, of whom -Is/ini/ was the seventh. Ashael Marc\% seventh child of Benjamin and Mar\' (^Corbin) Marcy, was born in Woodstock, March 25, 1738. He served as private in the War of the Revolution. He married PrisciUa Dunham, of Woodstock. He died March 2, 1819, aged eighty-one. They had issue four children, of whom Laban was the third. Laban Marcy, third child of Ashael and Priscilla (Dunham) Marcy, was born in Woodstock, Conn., March 7, 1780. He was educated at the W^oodstock Academy, studied law with Judge Barnes, of Tol- land, and with the Hon. Ed. Dickenson, of Amherst, Mass.; he lived and practiced his profession in Thk Foundkus and IUiilders ok tiif. Okanges. 345 Greenwich, Hampsliiie Comity, Mass., for fifty years; was twenty times elected a member of tlic Legis- lature of Massaciuisetts ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention, botii in 1820 and in 1853. He married P"anny Howe, of Sturhriilge, a woman of fine personal a])|)earance and vigorous intellect. He died Oct. 11, iSfio. Their children were: Randolph Barnes (Gen.;, Jirnstiis lid^i^trloti (M. D.), William Ainswoilh, Marsia Ann, Mary A. and Fred A. I'-RAsriTS KD(;i:ri'i)X Makcy, (M. I).), son of Laban and l-'aiiny (llowel Marcy, was born in Green- wicli, M.is-,. Ill- was prepared for college by a private tutor, and entered Amherst College at the age of thirteen. He was a classmate and intimate friend of Henry Ward Heecher, and joined with him in the fun, frolic and mischief for which Beecher was famous. Both had a strong aversion to mathematics. aiul were callotl "stupid" iiy the piofessnr; by preparing one lesson thoroughly, however, they managed to hoodwink the professor, and won his commendation for the time at least. Dr. Marcy e.\- celled in ever)- other branch, and graduated with honor. lie subse<[uently gr.iduated at Jefferson Medical (_'(illc;^c. l""or ten years he practiced as an allnp.ith in Hartford, Conn., where he .achieved quite a reputation. He was at that lime a strong opjjonent of the new school of practice, but after careful study and research he became ,i convert to homeopathic views. He came to New \'ork, where he acquired an extensive anil lucrative practice, ranking among the first of his school in the United States. His clientel included leading men in every part of the country, who had the utmost confidence in his skill as a i)hysician, and his honor and uprightness as a man. His genial disposition and his winning mannci", no less than his convincing arguments and uniform success, led many to adopt his views and be- come converts to his system of practice. Dr. Marcy has achieved a reputation as writer, no less than tli.it of .1 physician. In 1852 he established the " North .American Journal of Homeopath)," which he edited un- til 1865. lie has written numerous essa\-s on medical and chemical subjects, besides which he has publislied " Theory and Practice of Medicine" (New York, 1850), " Homeopathy vs. Allopathy" (1852), " Theory and Practice of Homeopathy" (2 vols., 1858), "Life and Its Duties" (1869), and he has also edited " Hahnemann's Lesser Writings" (1856). Dr. Marcy was educated in the old Puri- tanical doctrines of religion according to the Calvinistic school. He was ne\er fully satis- fied with the teachings of the Protestant Church, but accepted them for the time in lieu of something better. He was finally led to investigate the teachings of the Catholic. or, as it is often called the " Mother Church." As a result he became fully convinced that this was the "true church." and its teachings in harmony with what he believed to be the true religion. He united with St. Stephen's (K. C.) Church, New York, where he has continued to worship for many years. His woik. " Christianity and its Conflicts," (1867), is one of the ablest works of the kind ever written. It covers a wide range and meets every point in controversy between the Protestants and Catholics. The style is simple, yet forceful and convincing. ERASTUS KDGERION MARI V. 346 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ^' i; % ^!^ .Many who, like liiniscif, were waverinj; in their bcHef, liave, through reading his work, become devout Cathohcs. His broad Catholicity, in every line of investigation, is one of the marked traits in Dr. Marcy's character. There is nothing narrow-minded and selfish in his make-uj). lie has never sought to make proselytes, but simply to present the truth as he believes it. His life work has been one of blessing and comfort to others. In his calling as a physician he had the courage to break loose from old and long-established theories and customs, and enter a new field but partially explored, and while his own views have broadened and expanded, the knowledge thus acquired has been of untold benefit to others. While Dr. Marcy has accumulated a comfortable fortune through his extensive practice, his greatest reward has been the simple ' God bless you " from those who have benefited by his treatment. In ministering to the disea.ses of the mind the success of Dr. Marcy has been equally markeil, and many, who for years were tossed about on the waves of doubt and fear, have been brought to a haven of peaceful rest by following the lines of thought laid down, and accepting the teachings of this benefactor of the Innnan race. Dr. Marcy married Emeline B. Kilb(i\irn, daughter of Hon. Henry B. Kilbourn. of Hartford, who was Comptroller of the .State of Connecticut, and filled other offices of public trust. Two children are the issue of this marriage. I--mma, the eldest, married I'.dward Ra\-- montl, of New York, deceased. She e.xccls as a writer and musical composer, antl has achie\'ed quite a reputation in this line. Many of her pieces, published under her own name, have had an extensive circulation, while her o])eras, published under fictitious names, ha\-e had a marked success. Among her best known bal- lads are : " First Love " and " Adieu." words by de Mussct, written for and sung by Mons. Pol. Plan^on, the distinguished French artist. Her ballet music was very popular with Gil- more's and other well-known hands in this country; also the leading bamls in Hamburg, Baden iiaden, I'rankfort and other public resorts. Among the best selections of this class of music were the "Toboggan Galop," " Melba Waltz," " Oriental March," " Bolero," "Straight Life Waltz," " Valse I'oetique," " Mazurka Caprice." Marc\', married Ernest (j. Stedman. a rising \-oung law\-er. \ \ MKS. EMMA KAYMONl), DAUGIIIKK UF DR. E. E. MARCY of Dr Nina M., the second child cousin of the famous poet. R.wiioi.rn Barnes M.vucv, eldest child of Laban and Fanny i Howe) Marcy, was born in Green- wich, Mass., April 9, 1812; died in Orange, N. J., Nov. 22, 1887. He was graduated at the U. S. Military Academy in 1832, and served in the Black Hawk expedition of that year; also on frontier duty with the hifth Infantry. During the war with Mexico he participated in the battles of Palo Alto ,uid Resacca de la Palma, and was made Captain in May, 1846, after which he served on recruiting service. Subsequently he was engaged in the exploration of the Red River country in 1852-4 ; in the Florida hcstilities against the Seminole Indians in 1857; and in the Utah expedition of 1857-8, having com- The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 347 mand of a tlctaclimeiit that was sent to New Mexico in Nov., 1857, ami retiirniiifj in March, 1S5S, after great suffering. In 1859 he was promotec! .Major, and served as paymaster on tiie northwestern p'o.sts in 1859-61, becoming Inspector-Cieneral, witli llu- rank of Colonel, on the 9th of August, rS6i. During the Civil War lie served as chief of staff to his son- in-law , (ien. George li. McClellan, and acteil in that capacit)' in McClellan's canipaiL;n of WVstcni \'ir- ginia, in the peninsular campaign ; also in the Mar\-- land campaign, until Xo\-., 1862. He had been made a Brigadier of X'oluntccrs, .Sc|)t. 23, 1861. In the autumn of 1S62 he was assigned to inspection duties in the Department of the Xorlhucst, Missouri. Arkansas, Mississippi aiul the (lulf, until 1865, where he became Ins|)ector-(jeneral of the militar_\- division of the Missouri. In 1869 he was transferred to Washington, and bec.mie Inspector-General of the United States Army, with the rank of l^rigadicr- General, to date from Dec. 12. 1878, continuing in that ofifice till his retirement, Jan. 2, 18S1. He was a famous sportsman, and spent much time in hunt- ing in the Rocky Mountains. He contributed to magazines, and juiblished " Explorations of the Red River," in 1852: "The I'rarie Traveler, a Hand-Book for Oakland Emigrants;" "Thirty Years of Army Life on the Border;" "Border Reminiscences," etc. The closing years of his eventful life were spent in Orange, N. J., where, at his beautiful home on the Ridge, nearly adjoining that of his brother, he passed his da\-s in peace and quietness. Much of his leisure time he spent in carving, of which lie was ex- cessively fond, and possessed a remarkable gift for this art. A beautiful mantelpiece and other speci- mens of his work are still to be seen in the house which he occupied. VIEW OF RESIDE.SCE AND GROUNDS OF DR. E. E. M.VRCY. EX=GOVERNOR OF NEW JERSEY. lonors tlirust upon him, ' it would be difficult to GEN. GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN, U. S. A To one who had "achieved greatness" and "had find a more modest, unassuming man than (ien. George B. McClellan, who for twenty years or more was a resident of West Orange. During that time he mingled freely in all the social affairs of the Oranges, and every Sabbath he worshiped in the little St. Cloud Presbyterian Church, greeting in the most cordial manner the plain, simple people whom he met there. Gen. McClellan came of the same Puritan stock that settled Newark and Orange Mountain. His great-grandfather, Gen. Samuel McClel- lan, was a native of Woodstock, Conn., and commanded the first company of cavalry that joined the Continental .\rmy at Cambridge. He subsequently became General and served throughout the war. When the currency of the Continentals had depreciated and no funds were forthcoming with which to pay their soldiers, General (then Colonel) McClellan advanced ^' 1,000 from his own i)rivate jnirse to pay the men of his regiment. The father of (icorge B. McClellan, a well-known and prominent physician, settled in Philaiielphia, where George B. was born December 3, 1826. It was expecteil the son would follow in the footsteps of his father, but he chose a military career and was sent to West Point Military Academy. from which he was graduatetl in 1847. He served with distinction in the Mexican War and was afterwards placed in command of a company of engineers at West Point. In 1855 lie u.is commissioned 348 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. by Jefferson Davis, then Secretary of War, to study the iiiiHtary o[)crations in the Crimea. He after- wards became Chief Engineer of the Illinois Central Railroatl, and on its completion was matle \'ice- President. At the breaking out of the Civil War he was commissioned Major-Cjeneral by Governor Dennison, of Ohio, and placed in charge of the State troops. In May, iS6i, he was commissioned by the general government Major-Gcneral of the regular army and placed in command of the Department of the Ohio. He was later assigned to the invasion of West \'irginia, where lie achieved great success. After the Hull Run disaster in July, 1861, he was placed in command at Washington with an army of 52,000 men. He displayed great ability as an organizer and soon placed this immense army in splendid condition. He speedily attained a popularitj- seldom, if ever, equalled in the case of an\- other American general. I'olitics, however, playcil an important part in the conduct of the war, and McClellan, not being in sympathy with the methods emploj'etl, was superseded in his command by other generals who were able to command political influence. In August, 1864, he was nominated by the Democratic National Convention for President. He resigned his commission as Major-General, U. S. A., and accepted the nomination. The jjrinciples of the Demo- cratic party at that time were not popular with the masses and McClellan was defeated. After this he sj)ent some years abroad, and after his return he purchased a home for himsclf-on ()rangc Mountain, where he resideil GEN. GKORCK B. MCCI.F.M.AN, U. S. A. .,,.,, until his death. In 1887 he received the Democratic nomination for (lovcrnor of New Jerse_\- and was elected by a large majority. His adminis- tration was moderate and con- servative, giving satisfaction to all. He was the first Gov- ernor who made his official residence at the State Capital. Gen. McClellan was especi- ally acti\'e in the affairs of the Presbyterian cluirch. As a Christian he was lniml)lc. devout and earnest. He was one of the founders of the .St. Cloud Presbyterian Cluirch and one of its first elders. The tablet placet! there to his memory shows the esteem in which lie was held by the people. He was a member of the New England Society, of Orange, and took frequent . _ -- part in its proceedings. His .maywoou, home of b. ogden chisolm, where gen. mcci.ei.i.an imeu. Thk Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 349 kiiuliicss to animals was shown in his affectionate regard for his olil war liorse, Daniel Webster, wliich horc him through tiie several X'irginia campaigns. The old horse died and was buried in a little grove on tile mountain, ami this spot is religiously cared for by the present owner, Mr. Chisolm. General McCleilan died at his home on Orange Mountain, Octob r 29, 1885. His remains were interred at Riverside Cemetery, Trenton, where, while Governor, the deceased purchased a beautiful lot on a cliff overlooking the Delaware River. General McCleilan married the daughter of General Marcy. His widow and two chiklren — a son and tlaughtcr — still survive him. The son has been prominent in New \'ork politics for some years. M.wwcHin. Tlic present owner of Maywood, Mr. H. Ogden Chisolm, has a just appreciation of the historic interest that attaches to this old place, so long the home of General George li. McCleilan. aiui in the extensive improvements he has made we find no perceptible change in the surroundings. Everything about the place reminds one of its former owner. In a c[uict nook, beneath the shade of the trees, lies buried the old w ar horse, Daniel Webster, who served his master so faithfully during the first years of the war. 1 he foini of " Little Mac," the idol of the Army of the Potomac, as he sat on his noble steed, will remain fresh in the memory of his old comrades until the last veteran has responded to the final bugle call. It was here that the hero of man\' a hard-fought battle met the " King of Ter- rors"' with unllinchiiig courage, antl laid down his life peacefully and (juietly just as the autumn leaves were falling and nature was about to wraj) herself in her winter covering. iVs the years go by, the interest in Maywood will increase, and in the near future this will become the Mecca to which many will resort who revere the irieinor\- of " Little Mac." In the jilacc itself there is much to admire. Nature has been lavish in her beauties and left little to be desired. The old forest trees still remain in their prestiiie beauty, while others have been added from time to time to supply the places of those which have fallen into decay. '1 he house, with its Mansard ninf and broad verandas, represents the [jievailing style of archi- tecture of thirty years ago; it is a plain, substantial frame edifice, entirely in keeping with the tastes of its designer, who had a strong aversion to anything like display. No change has been made in the outward appearance of the house, and while there has been a com- plete renovation of the interior, the library used by General McCleilan re- mains in nearly the same condition as he left it. The "star" flowerbed in front is still preserved as originally designed. The beautiful grove of trees, with the winding roads and the house in the background, forms a pretty setting and gives the appearance of a miuature park. The entrance from the rear of the house, through the stone gate, up the long driveway, shown in the accompanying illustration, gives a charming and picturesque effect to the surroundings. Like the other places along the Mountain Ridge, the view is unsurpassed. The place contains about ten acres, and is a part of the old Rethuel Williams farm. It was purchased in 1864 by General McCleilan of Dr. Marcy, the brother of General Marcy, whose daughter General McCleilan married. The General gave it the name of Maywood in honor of his only daughter. May. RE.\R ENTKANCF. TO MAYWOOD. 350 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. addiii<; tlic iKiinc of "wDoti" as descriptive of the surri)imdini;s. After his deatli it passeti into other hands and in the autumn of 1892 was purchased b}- Mr. Chisohn. Not Umisj after tiiis the stable was burned, and has since been rebuilt. 15. Ojjden Chisolm, tlie present owner of Ma_\-wood, althouj^h a native of the North, belongs to a Southern family who were prominent in the War of the Revolution, and whose ancestrj- is traced in an unbroken line to the Scottish chiefs of the eleventh century. "The antiepiity of the Chisholms in the Highlands of Scotland," says Hurke, " appears established beyond disputation. The reputed founder of Clan Harold is stated in the His- tory of Shetland and Orkney to have been of the ro\'al stock of Norway. The Chis- hohns of the North are known in their vernacular tongue l)y the appellation of A// Siosn/irr/i. 'The Chisholni.' em])hatically as the chief. " Harold, Thane or I-.arl of Caithness, Orkney and Shetland, founder of t h c name and race of Chisholni, one the most formidable Northern chiefs, married the daughter of Mudah, or Ma- ched, Earl of Athol, the last male descendant of Donald Ban, King of Scotland. In the year i ig6 Harold raised tin period, so great anil powerful that the King of Scotland, William the I. ion, found it necessary to lead an army against the insurgents, and the clan became for the time scattered, but succeeded in maintaining its independence. " John Chisholm, ' The Chisholni ' living at the close of the seventeenth century, was f(nnteenth in descent fiom Harald, Thane or I'-arl of Caithness, Orkne\- and Shetland. He married Jean, third daughter of Sir Thomas MacKinzie, of hiiulon, and was succeeded by his only son. The Chisholm Roderick, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Duncan Mac- tlonnell, of Gleiigarr\-, by whom he had five sons; the youngest of these was Co/iii." Colin Chisholm, youngest son of Rotlerick and FJizabeth (Macdonnell) Chisholm, was a Colonel in the army of Prince Charles, and was killed at the battle of Culloden. His THE GROVE AT MAVWDOD. stantlard of rebellion, and himself and his clan were, at that remote I.lllKAKY A I MAVUi estates were confiscated and his only son, Alexander, was sent to America. Tin; I'ouNDKRs and Uuildkk'^ f»r 'iiik Oranges. 35' Alexander Chisolni, the touiulcr of the family in tliis coimtiy, was the son of Cojunel Cnhn Cliis- holm. SoDii after his arrival in tliis cimntry he settled in Ciiarleston, S. C. In consequence of the political misfortunes of the family in England, and desirin;^ to sever all connections therewith, he dro])ped the second "h" in the name, and it has since been known as "Chisolm." He marrieil a Miss Chisliolm (^probably a distant relative), known as the " Heiress of Wanda." By her he had a son, .l/ix- aiider Robert, who owned amonj; other plantations an island in Charleston harbor, whicii became known as ami still bears the name of " Chisolm Island." William E. Chisolm, the father of H. Ogdeii Chiso'm, was the grandson of Ale.vaiuler Robert. He was hum in Charleston, S. C, in 1825; was educated for the bar. He came North and settled at College I'oint, 1.. I., where he married Mary A. Rogers, and was the father of seven children, of whom H. Ogden is the \oungest. H. Ot;ni;N Cmisoi.M, youngest son of William E. and .Mary (Rogers) Chisolm, was born at College I'oint, June I, 1865. Soon after purchasing the property at Mountain Ridge, West Orange, he removed thence with his family and usually spends the summers there. Although a comi)aratively recent comer, he is well known in social circles and his become fully identified with the Oranges. SOUTH ORANGE TOWNSHIP. .1, THE territory comprised within the townsliip of Soutli Orange originally formed a part of the outl\ing districts of Newark, and sur\eys and divisions of land were made as early as 1680, and possibly sooner. Settlements began at and near the foot of the mountain, extending from the Second River on the north to South Orange on the south. The town, howe\er, had been sub-divided nominally into Watscsson ( Hloomfield), Cranestown ( Montclair), the Mountain Society (Orange). Short Hills and Camptown. TIk mountain settlement, Orange, was the first offshoot, under the name of the Mountain .Society, and the people of South Orange became identified with this new interest in their leligious worship and their "dead were buried in the same burying-place." They and their descendants remained inhabitants of the town of Newark until 1806, at which time a division of Newark was made and Orange Ward was constituted. The town meetings were held regularly; the place of meeting, however, does not appear upon record until " October 3, 1763, Warned by the Constable, held at the Court House, at Newark," ami from tiie latter date the meetings appear to have been so held until the meeting held "the 14th day of Ajjril, 1800," at which time a provision was made for holding "the ne.xt Annual Election for Members of the State Legislature, etc., to be opened at the house of I^ethuel Pierson (cor. of South Orange Avenue and Gro\e Road, the present residence of William Hrewer, Jr.), at Orange, and continuetl there during the first day of the same, anil that the said Election on the Second Day be opened, held and closed at the Court House, in Newark." This plan continued for some years later- The name of South Orange appears in the advertising columns of the Xczvark Ce/i/i/w/ as early as 1798, eight }-ears before Orange was set off from Newark as a separate township. The division of Orange from Newark took place May 9, 1806, the meeting of the committee and assessors being held at the house of Samuel Munn, in Orange, at which time the boundary lines were established. The southern division was described as ''thence running southwardly in a straight line to a bridge in the highway near Sayres Roberts, in Camptown ; thence southwardly in a straight line to Elizabeth town- ship to the line of Springfield township." This, it will be seen, embraced the subsequent sub-divisions of Clinton, Milburn and South Orange townships. Clinton township was organized as such by act of the Legislature, April 14, 1835, South Orange and Milburn being included in the boundaries; the latter was set off as a separate township in 1857. When Orange was incorporated as a town under its new charter of June 31, i860, the boundaries were described as follows : "The first ward shall comprise all the territory lying east of a line commencing at the junction of Centre Street and Clinton township," etc. It thus appears that from 1835 to 1861 the present boundaries of South Orange were included in Clinton, Milburn and Orange townships. (jordon's Cuizctttf, \n\h\\s\\QA about 1830, says of South (Grange: "A village of the same town- ship lies on the turnpike from Newark to Morristown, 5 miles west of the first ; it contains about 30 dwellings, a tavern and store, a p.iper mill and I'resbyterian church ; the lands around it are rich and well farmed." The act to set off the township of South Orange from Clinton, Milburn and Oiange, passed January- 2(\ 1861, prescribes the following boundaries: Beginning at a point on the line between The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 353 •■.tV Orange and Newark, half a mile north of South Orange Avenue; thence southerly along the Tiiiddlc <>f said avenue; thence to the bridge over the east branch of the Elizabeth Uiver, in the road near the house of William Steckman, in Clinton ; thence to the northwesterly corner of Daniel Heddcn's house; thence to the bridge in the road near the house of Charles E. I.um; thence to the bridge near the residence of J. R. Courter; thence toward the late residence of Samuel Headley, deceased, to the boundary line of the township and Union County; thence westerly to the east branch of the Rahway River; thence to a bridge in the road near the house of I'eter Failadc; thence to " Rock Hole," in the Rahway River; thence along the river to Mark's Mill; thence to the northeasterly corner of James E. Smith's land on the top of the First Mountain, adjoining the Walker Road ; thence to a small bridge near Uaniel Webb's; thence to the southwest corner of D. W. Smith's house, on Scotland Street; thence to a point in Centre Street to Abby Lindslcy's land; thence to the place of beginning, except the Orange Poor Farm. This division included the settlements of Maplewood, Hilton, V'ailsburg and the more tliickl)' populated localit}' known as Montrose. OLD LANDHARKS.— A few of the old landmarks, erected long before the Oranges came into ex- istence, still remain, some of them in a fair state of preservation ; the most notable of these is the old Stone House bj' the Stone House Brook, of which frequent mention is made in the descriptions of sur- rounding property. This is located at the corner of South Orange Avenue and Grove Road. It is mentioned as early as i68o, in a grant made to Nathaniel Wheeler, Edward and Joseph Riggs. When, and by whom it was built, is not shown ^ '■ in the records. This, or adjoining prop- erty, was afterwards surveyed to Thomas Ludington. It became the property of Dr. Bethuel Pierson, " heir-at-law," who ^X administered upon the estate of Samuel '^ Pierson, Jan. 11,1773. The records state that " Bethuel Pierson gave a mortgage upon one hundred acres, whereon he now lives, at the mountain plantation, by a certain brook, called the Stone House Brook." Deacon Bethuel Pierson built a stone addition to his dwelling-house, which he caused to be dedicated with religious ceremonies, especially requesting that the following words should be sung on the occasion : " lie not too proud, by any means. Build not your house too liigh,* But always have before your mind. That vou were born to die." He must have had the subject "before his mind" for a long time, for he lived many years after making the addition. The property was inherited by Dr. Cyrus Pierson, his son, who conveyed it, in 179^,, to Nathaniel Cciulit. It then consisted of one hundred and sixteen acres, and described as " be- ginning at the road in the lands formerly of Bethuel Pierson and Abel Ward, both deceased." Later it was owned by Mo.ses Lindsley, and after passing through other hands, the homestead, with about seven acres, was purchased in 1867 'by William A. Brewer, Jr., the present owner, who gave it the name of Aldworth. He built a modern house in front, but the walls of the old house and a portion of the interior remain nearly in their original form. •* -y 1 :j- -^-^ ^uf *^%i^ i<<\< STONE HOUSE AT SOUTH ORANGE. "It was one and a half stories high. 354 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. THE SgUIKE HOMESIKAD. The old Squire homestead on Ridgewood Road, built in 1774, which forms a part of the Redmond estate, is still in a good state of preservation. It was occupied by llcnry Squire for some time previous, and after the Revolution, but was originally a part of the old Ludington farm, surveyed as early as 1686. A deed made by Josiah Ogden and wife to Samuel Freeman, dated Dec. 12, 1728, makes mention of the old brook which runs through the Redmond estate, as follows: " Thence to Ludington's Brook, and up said brook to the head thereof." Not far from the entrance, on Ridgewood Road, the remains of the old mill dam are still to be seen. A grist mill was in operation there long before the Revolution. The Timothy l?all house, on the Ridge- wood Road, is probably the oldest house, pre- served in its original condition, now standing, and is in moderately good repair. A stone in the chimney has the letters " T. \L. B., 1743." and in another chimney the figures " 1772." which probably indicate an addition built on the original house at that time. This Timothy Ball was the son of Thomas, and the grandson of Fdward Ball, an original settler of Newark, and High Sheriff of Essex, 1693. The Baldwin house, which stands on the corner of South Orange Avenue and Munn Ave., was owned by Aaron Baldwin, who was born in South Orange in 17 17, and died in this house in 1797. He was the son of Benjamin (2), who owned a farm in South Orange. It is probable that Benjamin built the house; and if so, it was built previous to 1717, and is, therefore, iie.xt to the " Stniie House by the Stone House Hrook," the oldest house in the Oranges, and mtetlates the Samuel Harrison house, on Washington Street, near Tory Corner, in West Orange. There are some few changes in the architectural appearance of the house, but tlie stone work remains in the same condition as it was originallj- and the house is still in an e.xcellent state of preservation. HIGHWAYS, STREETS, ETC. In laying the foundation for a new township and in the subsequent opening of new streets and other changes necessitated thereby, the lines of the old highways and roads — some of which have been in existence for more than a hundred and fifty years — were followed and the new streets made to conform to them. The names of some of the streets and highways were changed, while others were retained and serve to perpetuate the ancient landmarks. Although settle- ments began in this locality before 1680, there was no attempt at road-making by the township authori- ties of Newark until after 1700. In the Newark Record.s, under the date of October, 1705, reference is made to "An other Road from said Road South by a line of mark'd trees to Joseph Riggs' House." TUK liAI.UWIN llOMtbTK.MJ. The Foundkus and nuii.oF.Rs of tiik Okan(;ks. 355 This is supposed to be the Valley or Freemantown — now the Riil^'cwood Road. "An other Road from said Riggs to Town, to run by a path as straight as may be and by a line of niark'd Trees from the first mention'd Road North, at foot of said mountain." South Orange Avenue is clearly indicated in this description: "One public general antl common highway, beginning at the northwest corner of Richanl Raker's Home lot, * * « running north over Crane's Hrook as the okl road runs to Mr. Wiliock's lands ; thence along between the lands of Mr. Wiliock's and Jacob Mitchell, taking four rods in breadth out of the south end of Mr. Wiliock's orchard; thence along the north siile of Heiijamin Wade's tlwelling house; thence along by .1 line of marked trees over Rahway Ri\er; thence along b\- a line of marked trees till it comes to Minnisink I'ath at the rear of ICdward Riggs" i)lantation." "An other Road, beginning at the saw-mill path, thence running as the path runneth to Brown's line: thence as the Brown's line and the path runneth to Edward Riggs' line, and b\- Riggs' antl Abraham Wilkins' line to Capt. Johnson's, to Rahwa\- River." A road laid out on March iS, 171S, corresponds with the present Clinton Avenue to Irvington, the old road over Da)''s llill and Irvington Avenue, through to Ridgewood Road, that part lying west of the river having been vacatetl when the Newark and Morristown Turnpike was laid out. It is described as: " A public and general road of four nuls in breadth, beginning at the road by Israel Canfield's Bark House and running up between Robert Hayes' and Captain Johnson's land as the way now runs, to the top of the hill; then turning the corner along Captain Johnson's fence, as the way now runs at the top of said hill to the two mile brook, to Thomas Brown's land, and so along as the way now runs to Elizabeth River, and from thence between Brown's and Hayes' land, by a line of marked trees to Baldwin's land ; thence turning northeasterly on said Baldwin's land and so over a brook in lialdwin's land ; thence turning northeasterly on said Baldwin's land to Zachariah Burwell's land ; thence by said Baldwin's and Burwell's land and so along Robert Hayes" and John Burwell's land, and thence running as the road now runs, over Rahwa\- River; thence in the line between Joseph Riggs' and Joseph Brown's land till it comes to the road under the mountain ; and that the road formerly laid out between Nathaniel Wheeler and David Brown be closed up." The present road to Maplewood, returning by the Jefferson, Village and Ridgewood Roads, to South Orange, is no doubt the one referred to as laid out November 19, 1728, described as: "Beginning at the road near the house of John Campbell, between the lands of John Campbell and Samuel Camp- bell; thence along the line that divides John and Samuel till it comes to Samuel Crowell's land; thence between Crowell and Nathaniel Campbell to the house of Crowcll ; thence on a straight line to the east branch of Rahway River, where there is a bridge partly built over the same; thence down said branch to lands of Joseph Thompson; thence between Thompson and James Campbell to lands of Thomas Wood ; thence between Wood and Thomas Lyon ; thence through Wood's land to Crooked Brook ; thence across the southeast corner of lands of Samuel Mills, deceased ; thence between the lands of Mills and Thomas Wood till it comes to the path that leads to Joseph Riggs'; thence along said path, as the same goes, till it comes to the public road that runs by the house of said Joseph Riggs." A road is described under date of April 18, 1726, as "A road four rods in width, beginning at the ^fountain Road on Brushy Plain, at the southwest corner of Israel Canfield, northerly on the westerly side of his line to the end of his line; straight to Elizabeth River, on the southeast corner of Micah Tompkins' land over the river; westerly between Tompkins and Hugh Roberts, fifty rods; northerly across Tompkins, on the easterly side of his orchard and house to Hezekiah Johnson's land; northerly through Johnson's land on a brow of a hill to the Mountain Road by Ebenezer Lindsley." The Newark anil Morristown Turnpike followed the line of South Orange Avenue, running direct to South Orange and thence to Columbia Bridge, on the Passaic. This was one of the original roads laid out in 1705. Scotlanil Street, formerly known as Scotland Lane, running from Main Street, Orange, to South Orange Avenue, in South Orange, was opened as early as 1721. It is referred to in a convey- ance of real estate made that year. Centre Street, which runs parallel with Scotland Street from Orange to South Orange, was used as "a highway" before 1730. but was not formally laid out as a 356 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. street until 1 809. Ward's Lane, connectintj South Orange Avenue with Irvington Avenue, is shown on a map made in 1767. South Prospect Street was laid out before 1737. The road east from Boyden Avenue is referred to in the early records in 1718 as "the road from south end of Newark to Joseph Riggs' house." Burnet Street, which extends from Springfield Avenue to the I-llizabethtown Road, was laid out April 30, 1796, "to be two and a half rods in width from the main road leading from Tuscan Hill to Newark and Elizabcthtown. into the road near the house of John Towiiley, on a south- west course from the north corner of Towiilej-'s barn." VILLAGE OF SOUTH ORANGE. The township of South Orange included a large amount of unimpio\cd property, and in order to enable those who had made extensi\e improvements in certain localities to manage their own affairs, it was deemed advisable to apply for a village charter. This was obtained on March 25. 1S69. when the State Legislature adopted "An act to incorporate the village of South Orange, in the County of Esse.x." An amendment to this act was passed April 4, 1872, which did not, however, change the boundaries. These are described as follows: "Beginning at a point in the southeasterly line of Centre Street, where the same is intersected by the northerly boundary line of the township of .South Orange; thence in a direct line to a point in the middle of South Orange Avenue, one hundred feet southerly from the southerly corner of Seton Hall College farm house; thence in a direct line to a point in the middle of Irvington Avenue, one hundred feet easterly from the easterly corner of the dwelling house formerly of Mary Clark, deceased; thence in a direct line to the southerly corner of lands of Catharine M. He.xon, in the centre line of Prospect Street ; thence in a direct line to a point where the north- easterly point of land of Henry Fenner intersects a stone wall running along the brow of the mountain; thence in a direct line along the brow of the mountain to a monument stone in an angle of the north- erl}- bounilary line of the township of South Orange; thence along the said boundary line to the place of beginning." The territory embraced in what is now known as Montrose Park was annexed to the village of South Orange by an act of the Legislature approved February 10, 1891, entitled "An act to annex to the village of South Orange, in the County of Essex, a part of the present township of South Orange." The boundaries are described as follows: " Beginning at a point in the northwesterh- line of Centre Street where the same is intersected by the northerly boundary line of the said township of South Orange, which point is also the now easterly corner of said village of South Orange ; from thence in an easterly direction along the division line between the townships of East Orange and South Orange to that point in .said last mentioned line where the same will intersect with a line drawn parallel with the easterlj' line of Holland Road and one hundred and fifty feet distant easterly therefrom when produced to said division line between the townships of East Orange and South Orange ; thence in a southerly direction and parallel with said ea.sterly line of Holland Road, and one hundred and fifty feet distant easterly therefrom, to the southerly side of South Orange Avenue; thence in a straight line south- westerly to a point in the middle of Irvington Avenue, which is an angle in the present boundary line of the said village of South Orange; and thence along the southeasterly boundary line of said village of South Orange to the place of beginning." The charter provitied for a Board of Trustees to manage the affairs of the village and a village president, who should be the chief executive officer of the village; it conferred ample powers for the governing, controlling and regulating everything connected with the village, including police deparment, a Board of Health, street commissioners, etc. With some few amendments and alterations this charter has been in operation for more than a quarter of a centur\-, and has proved equal to every emergencj'. Men of well known business ability, hone.sty and integrity have been selected to fill the important positions, and all necessary improvements ha\e been made from time to time, and South Orange is one of the best governed villages in the State of New Jersey. Those who have filled the office of President The F'oundeks and Buii.nKRs of the Oranges. 357 since the enactment <>f the villasjje charter, in 1S69, are: L. L. Coudert, 1869-70; George B. Tiirrcll, (resigned), Thomas Fenner, 1870-71 ; Thomas Feniier, 1871 7:5; George H. Turreli, 1873-74; '•'■ '- 1^- Mayhew, 1S74-75; Daniel T. Chirk, 1875-77; Wm. A. I^rcwcr. Jr., 1877-78; Edward Self,' 1878 79; Win. A. Brewer, Jr., 1879-80; \Vm. L. Cortelyou, 1880-81; Carlisle Norwood, Jr., 1881-82; E. H. Mead, 1882-83-S4; \Vm. L. Cortelyou, 1884-85-86-87; Edward Self, 1887-88-89-90; Edward V. Church, 1890-91-92-93-94; Eu<,rene V. Connett, 1894-95-96; Harmon H. Hart, 1896. A police department, consisting of a marshall and nine policemen, has thus far proved sufficient for the suppression of crime and drunkenness, of which there is very little, the restrictions in the sale of property being such as to exclude the worst elements of society and to encourage the settlement of enterprising business men in pursuit of pleasant suburban homes. The old streets referred to in the History of South Orange Township, have mostly been widened and graded and made to conform to the modern system of road-making. One of the greatest improve- ments in streets e\er made in the Oranges was the system iiUmduced by Mr. George B. Turreli during his administration as President of the Board of Trustees, in 1874. The system of macadamizing roads had been adopted in different parts of the Oranges, but was found to be very expensive, the outlay being so great as to necessitate the bonding of the township for a large amount. Mr. Turreli, in his annual report in A}Mil, 1874, recomnicntled a plan, which lie described as "'Construction by Repairs." He says: "The manner of performing this work is exceedingly simple and easy to manage. For instance, a contract may be made with parties having facilities for obtaining the material and possessing crushing machines, to deposit along the line of the street, where the grade has been established, a suit- able quantity of egg-size trap-rock, having for a top dressing a finer material, constantly re.idy for appli- cation. One or two men, with shovel in hand, patrolling the streets could, from day to day, place, as occasion required, a proper quantity of it in all depressions formed by traffic on the road, and when, after rain, the ground attained a fit condition, by passing a heavy roller over the road so repaired they would be kept hard and smooth. During the season of spring, when the frost is leaving the ground, much more material would be used tiian afterwards, or in summer when the ground is dry and the roads usually in a more satisfactory condition." The system recommeiuled by Mr. Turreli at first met with some opposition, but was finally adopted, and the village saved not only an expenditure of several thousand dollars, but a heavy bondeil indebtedness. Montrose I'akk is the name given to a new settlement in South Orange township, embracing about 150 acres, bounded on the east by East Orange township, north by the city of Orange and South Orange Avenue, which forms the southern boundary, and Scotland Street on the west. The pioneer of this undertaking was Mr. Thomas S. Kingman, who, soon after he began operations, became associated with William F. Havermeyer and other capitalists, and a syndicate was formed for the purpose of im- proving and developing the property. .Additional purchases were made from time to time, until about 150 acres were acquired. Centre Street, which passes through the centre of this tract, was graded, curbed and flagged, and all the latest street improvements added. New streets were laid out running at right angles with Centre Street, and the old roads and cart-paths connecting with the principal thoroughfare, were all utilized in the laying out of the streets. Among these were Montrose Avenue, Warwick Avenue and Sterling Avenue. Of the new ones opened were, Hartford Road, Stanley Road (nametl in honor of Henry M. Stanley, the distinguished African explorer), and Kingman Road (named in honor of the pioneer of this enterprise!. Great care was used in the mapping out of building lots, in order to secure the best class of residents. The average lots are about lOO feet front, with a depth of 200 or more feet, according to the boundaries of the adjoining property in the rear. The restrictions contained in the deed of sale of each lot afford ample protection to the property holders. These restrictions embrace the building of a class of houses which must not be below a certain standard, and the exclusion of all public buildings, except places of worshij). The effect of this wise precaution has been to bring together a class of 358 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges residents of high social standing, men of wealth and influence; all of whcnii ha\e become interested in the further development of this locality. About forty houses, costing from S6,coo to $25,000 each, have been erected within the past ten years, the aggregate improvements exceeding half a million of dollars. The new element has already become strong enough to exercise a controlling influence in the local government. Mr. Kingman, the originator of the enterprise, erected a number of very fine and expensive houses, which he sold to desirable parties, who have become permanent residents. St. Andrew's Church (^Episcopal) is located on a portion of the property, which was presented to the trustees by the syndi- cate. When Montrose Park was first opened it lay within the township of South Orange but outside of the village limits. In the winter of 1891 it was annexed to the village of South Orange, and the resi- dents of the Park have since enjoyed the local advantages arising therefrom. Till", Meadow L.\ND Socnrrv was organized in 1889 by a number of gentlemen residing on Scotland Street, Ridgewood Road and other adjacent streets on both sides of the valley of the east branch of the Rahway River, for the purpose of purchasing and controlling the low lands of the valley between these streets and Montrose Avenue and South Orange Avenue on the north and south. A tract of land containing about 23 acres, extending across the valley from the Morris & Essex Railroad to Ridgewood Road, was purchased from Mr. E. H. Mead, and by deed and contract with Mr. Reune Martin, who then owned a large place on the slope of the Orange Mountain, was carefully restricted against nuisances and undesirable occupation in the s:ime way as the Montrose tract and Llewellyn Park. In 189O a lease was executed to the South Orange Field Club by which the land between the M. & E. R. R. and the Rahway River was devoted to field sports. The rental was made at the average rate of §150 a year for five years. In order to enable the Field Club to properly grade the grounds for athletic sports, the Meadow Land Society agreed to issue its stock to the amount of ^5,000 to the Field Club without extra annual charge, and nearly all of this amount has been expended on the property. A new lease upon very liberal terms has just been executed, which runs for ten years from April I, 1895. The Meadow Land .Society has also agreed to lend its credit to the Field Club to aid in the erection of a suitable club-house in place of the structure recentlj- destroyed b)- fire. The remaining portion of the society's property on Ridgewood Road has been kept in pasturage, but may eventuall\- be impro\ed as building sites under proper restrictions as to the character of the structures erected thereon. The stock of the society is held by eighty-si.x shareholders, nearly all of whom live or own residences on the hill or mountain slopes lying east or west of the property'. The officers of the society are as follows : Wm. F. Allen, President; Robert Ward, \'ice-President ; Eugene \'. Connett, Treasurer: Edwin S. Allen, Secretary. Directors. — W. F. Allen, Robert Ward, E. \'. Connett, C. E. Billqvist, L. P. Farmer, C. F. Loutrel, H. A. Mandevillc, F. A. Wri-ht, 15. 1?. Schneider. H. \an Wagenen, Geo. B. Farrell. M. W. Ferris. EDUCATIONAL. At what time the first school was established within the boundaries of the present township of South Orange is not known. The tradition is that a stone school-house, erected probably earlier than 1760, stood on a point of land near the intersection of the two roads now known as South Orange and Irvington Avenues. The building was one story in height, about twenty by thirty feet area, facing the east, having a vestibule which was surmounted by an open belfry in which the bell was hung. When the Newark and Morristown Turnpike was constructed, about 181 1, it was found that this school-house stood in the way of the line surveyed along what is now South Orange Avenue, and necessitated its removal. The management of the school at that time was probably by a School Committee, as was the custom. An association of the proprietors for the management of the school affairs of this locality existed for some j-ears before it became an incorporate body. The records of this organization show that: "At a special meeting of the proprietors and associates of the school in South Orange, held on The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 359 Wednesday evening, July 22, 18 14, it was atjrced tliat the said associates should exercise the privilefjes allowed them by law and use the means to become an incorporate body." There were seventy-three of these associates, among whom were the Baldwins, Lindslcys, Tichenors. Bails, I'iersons, Freemans, Tcrrills and other familiar names. On August 3d following, another meeting was held, at which time the trustees were elected and the name of "Columbian School of South Orange" was adopted. The records of this school show the following: "At a meeting of the trustees and proprietors of the Columbian School, in South Orange, at the school-house, on Saturday evening, December 31, 18 14, for the purpose of consulting on the propriety of building a new school-house, it was unanimously resolved: " ist. That the trustees of said school do proceed in arrangements for building. 2tl. That the said building be built on what is commonly called the school-house common. 3d. That the said building be built of wood, two stories high, forty-five feet in length by thirty-five feet in breadth." The money was raised by subscription and was uiulcr tlic management of the trustees, and the work completed in 1815. A lecord of the minutes of October 26, 1815, shows the following: " 1st. That it be expedient to have a title procured of Mr. Aaron Hrown for the lot on which the school-house is built, that a statement of the cost of the s.iid house be made as soon as convenient." A second resolution provided for the appointment of a committee to attend to this matter. " 3d. That the price of tuition in the school be fi.xed at $1.75 per quarter for spelling, reading and writing; for arithmetic, in addition to the above branches, the sum of $0.25, and for grammar or geography, the further sum of §0.25. 4th. That the firewood be purchased, and at the end of each quarter the cost be divided equally between the scholars, except such as the trustees shall deem expedient to exempt on account of their inability to pay." In March, 1815, the trustees met in accordance with the first resolution and "proceeded to business and e.xamined the accounts and vouchers to make an estimate of their cost of the school-house, and found the cost of the school-house and lot to amount to seventeen hundred and sixteen dollars and eighteen cents to the present time." On March 9, 1818, the teacher was guaranteed forty-five scholars for the first six months; the other six months at his own risk. Salaries of Teachers. On March 16, 1819, Aaron McConnell was employed for seventy-five dollars per quarter. On April 2, 1827, the association voted to pay Henry D. Hedden ninety-six dollars for six months, and forty-eight dollars to the trustees to employ a woman for six months. Eighty-eight dollars per quarter was paid in 1852. In 1853 an assistant was paid twenty-four dollars per quarter. In 1857 male teachers were paid from Sioo to $112 per quarter and female teachers $36. In 1859 Mr. Manning received $500 per year. The salaries were gradually increased from this time forth, and in 1870 the principal received S850 and the female assistants $450 and $250 respectively. Free Schools. The first step looking to free education was taken up by the proprietors on January 27, 1818, when they resolved "That as there maybe some that send to school not able to pay for firewood, the trustees be instructed to examine the roll of the teacher and if, in their opinion, there be any such, they exempt them from paying and the amount for wood be equally divided among the rest of the scholars." The old system of public schools was maintained until 1S70. On A\it\\ 19 of that year it was decided to vote a tax to maintain a free public school during the coming year, and the sum of five hundred dollars was so levied. All the schools became free about the same time. Previous to the consolidation under a Board of Education, the township of South Orange was divided into three school districts, known as 27, 28, 30. These are now known as Nos. i. 2. 3. School No. I, situated on South Orange Avenue, is a large, fine brick building, provided with the best of modern school apparatus. It has a seating capacity of 450. Average attendance 320, with 14 teachers. The property is valued at ^35,000. School No. 2, located at Maplewood, has a seating capacity of 125, with an average attendance of 89 and three teachers. The property is valued at $8,000. School No. 3, at Hilton, has a seating capacity of 90. Average attendance, 80, with three teachers. This is valued at $7,000. 360 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. The following gentlemen comprise the present Board of Education: Joseph H. Osborn, President ; W. R. Burkhardt, Desk Clerk; A. B. Solomon, Louise Becker, H. H. Hart, E. L. Crowell. F. B. Sales- bury, Edward E. Frances, George L. Taggart. South Orange Library Association. This association has had a nominal existence for more than thirty years. It was suggested by William J. Beebe, a New York tea merchant, at that time a resident of South Orange. The first meeting was held at the headquarters of the Republican Club, in 1864, iMr. Beebe being at that time President of the club. Others soon became interested in the mat- ter, among whom were : Charles J. Beebe, V. L. B. Mahew. George Wait, Rev. D. G. Sprague, Rev. J. Allen Maxwell, Lewis B. Henrj', Edwin H. Mead, Joseph L. Taintor, Phineas Bartlett, Eugene H. Du- rand, Joseph W. Taylor and Moses A. Peck. Donations of books and money were given by the citi- zens, and the room of the Republican Club was used for some time as a librar\\ Stephen Ballard was appointed librarian in 1865, at a salary of S150 per annum, and with this amount he was required to furnish an assistant. He did not continue long, however. In 1867 the upper floor of Lane's store, on South Orange Avenue, was fitted up for the use of the library, and was used until 1S88, when it was removed to the Freeman building, where it remained until the erection of the pre.sent building. The South Orange Bulletin, under date of Nov., 1871, says: " .Seven years ago this November a movement was made by some of the leading citizens of South Orange for the establishment of a reading room and library. After some preliminary meetings, attended with considerable enthusiasm, a constitu- tion was adopted and a Board of Directors appointed. At the close of the first year there were 139 annual members, with 567 volumes on the shelves of the library, and twenty-four newspapers and magazines in the reading-room. The present year, of 1871, began with a balance in the treasury of S 1 84.67. The whole number of volumes in the library at this time is 1,336; number of books taken out during the year, 3,260." In order to maintain and replenish the library, lectures and other entertainments were held which yielded but small returns. The minutes of the association, in 1877, state that the proceeds of General Kilpatrick's lecture "was the modest sum of S5.25;" and it was unanimously resolved "that hereafter the library entertainments should cost a little less and yield a little more than $5.25." Notwithstanding these discouragements, the library was well patronized and became a public necessity. The stock of books was increased through private donations and by amounts realized from the public entertainments. On October 25, 1886, the Library Association was incorporated under the general law passed April 8, 1884, entitled " An Act to incorporate and establish free public circulating libraries in this State." The incorporators were : Carl Edward Billqvist, Annie Redmond Cross, Lily Page Ely, Bella C. Brown, Sophia Rutan Connett, Margaret Howard White, Henry Lilly, Frank A. Wright, Ella Speir Morrow. The officers elected at this time were: President, C. Edward Billqvist ; Vice-President, Mrs. J. McC. Morrow; Treasurer, Henry Y. Hitch; Secretary, Mrs. W. Howard White. On November 28, 1894, Mr. Eugene V. Connett wrote to the association offering to give a lot "on the north side of Scotland Road and Taylor Place, having a frontage of 50 feet on said road and about 106 feet on Taylor Place, on condition that the sum of $7,500 be subscribed on or before the first of May next ( 1S95), and that a stone or brick building be erected thereon without unnecessary delay, and that the building be used only for library purposes.'" The total amount was in due time subscribed and the building erected in accordance with the conditions stipulated by the donor of the lot, who. when he found the frontage was insufficient for the building, increased his previous generous gift b_\- giving an additional 25 feet in width. The library building was formally opened on F'riday evening. May 8, 1896. Mr. Edward Self, an old resident of South Orange, made the address of the evening and entertained the audience with interesting reminiscences connected with the association — the history of its struggles, difficulties, &c. Mr. Billqvist introduced Mr. James McC. Morrow, chairman of the Building Committee, who made a report showing that the sum of $7,743.98 had been raised, all of which had been expended, leaving the Thl Founders and Hni.DKus of thi- Oranges. 361 association free of debt. Mrs. l^duiii II. Mead was tliaiiked for her ^'enermis >/ih of the beautiful clock, a memorial of Mr. E. H. Meail. T. O'Connor Sloane w.is mentioned as the first to raise a subscription for tiic buildin^^ fuiul. Mr. Hillqvist, on behalf of the association, thanked Mr. Connctt for his generous gift of the lot to tiie Free Library. Harmon II. II;irt, {'resident of the village of South Orange, spoke also in the same vein. The annual report showed the number nf hooks taken out (luring the year iSy, 6 was 19,519. The total number of books now in the library is 4.371. The treasurer's report showeil that tiie total receipts for the year were $2,1 14.46; disbursements, $1,304.90; leaving a balance on hand of §809 56. The association elected seven trustees to serve for three years: — Mrs. A. C. Habsiui. Mrs. (.". 1-". I.outrel, Mi>s Josephine Alice Pulsford, Miss Harriet Spining, Spencer Miller, E. 1). .Shepard, R. S Sinclair. The meeting of the Hoard of Trustees followed the annual meeting and the board elected the following officers to serve for the coming year: President, C. E. Hillqvist, Vice-President, Mrs. J. McC. Morrow; Secretary, Mrs. I-".. 1). Shepard; Treasurer, R. S. Sinclair, 'i'hose who are serving une.xpired terms are: Mis. E. \. Cininett. Mrs. W. .S. Edgar, Mrs J. McC. Morrow, Mr. C. Edward Hillqvist, Ml. licnry \V. Freeman. Mr. Hleeker \'an Wagenen, Mr. A. F.Wright, Mrs. R.J. Cros.s, Mrs. Arthur Dyer, Mrs. I-.. D. Shepard, Mr. W . I". Allen. Mr. Walter I.. McCoy. Mr. J. McC. Morrow. Mr. T. O'Connor Sloane. Souill Okangk Hui.I.ETIN. — The issue of a modest little sheet, with the above caption, began in March. 1870, with Joseph W. Wildey, the present Clerk of the village of South Orange, as editor and proprietor, the object of its founder being to further his real estate business. It was started as a four- page paper, 9.KI2, with three columns, and was published monthly. The first editorial was written by the late Rev. J. Allen Ma.Kwell. On the first anniversary of its birth, March, 1871, the editor congratu- lates himself on its success, and, with pardonable pride, says : " With the present number (i2), the first volume of the Bulletin closes. One year ago, starting without any pretension, the first number was given to the community, and although it was doubted by some if the second number would appear, si.x months afterwards the size of the little journal was doubled to meet the demands of the public, and at this time a larger sheet could be maintained successfully, without doubt, and the publishers hope to make such arrangements, at no great future time, as will enable the issue of the paper oftener, at least, if no enlargement is effected." Its proprietor cl.iimed at this time a monthly issue of 3,000 copies; this. howe\er, included a partially gratuitous circulation. It was printed at this time and for some time after at the office of Ward & Tichenor. Although not a professional journalist, the proprietor deserves great credit for his push and energy. He had a good advertising patronage, which was constantly increasing. In October, 1 87 1, the size of the paper was increased to I2.\i8 inches, with five columns. On May 1. 1872, it became a semi-monthly, and on January 2, 1874, to a weekly, and from that time forth has re- ceived the liberal support of the communit)-. In 1874 Mr. Wildej- sold the paper to Charles Lum and O. H. Smith. The new firm opened and fully equipped an office of their own in South Orange. They had a good-sized power printing press, the "power" being furnished by a blind negro named George Thompson. O. B. Smith, who had obtained control of the paper, sold out to Fred DeF. Crozier, in 1882, who subsequently sold his stock and equipments to Charles Starr, of the East Orange Gazctlc, and the paper was printed for some time in the office of the Gazcltc. Later, Mr. Crozier again opened an office in South Orange, which he eijuipped with the best modern pres.ses and other material for a first- class country office. In 1889 he sold out his entire stock, together with the paper, to Mr. Edgar Williams, of the Orange Journal. Neither of the previous proprietors had had any experience in journalism. Under the new management the i)aper has greatly improved, both in appearance and in the character of its news columns -every public meeting and public event of any kind being faithfully reported by an experienced shorthand reporter. It is independent in local politics, and is well supported by all classes of people in the village of South Orange and surroundings. It will compare favorably with any weekly journal in the State. 362 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. LODGES, ETC. Century Lodge, No. 100, V. & A. ^L This lodge was chartered Jamiar_\-. 1S70. The first officers were: Daniel T. Smith, \V. M.; Jose])h W. Wildey, S. W.; Anson A. Ransom, J. W.; Charles E. Lum, Treasurer; Benjamin L. Chandler, Secretary. [The Secretar\- and \V. !\L of this lodge have failed to respond to repeated requests to furnish more complete data. — EdJ. Hope Lodge, No. 179, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted April, 1874, with the following as charter members: Aaron B. Baldwin, Aaron G. Smith, Isaiah Smith, Joseph W. Wildej- and Moses P. Smith. The fir.st officers were: Aaron G. Smith, N. G.; Joseph W. Wildey, V. G.; Moses P. Smith, Secretary; Aaron B. Baldwin, Treasurer. Those who have filled the office of N. G. since its organiza- tion are: Aaron G. Smith, Joseph W. Wildey, George W. Drake, Rodman Coon, David Boe, David C. Allen, Jacob B. Maxwell, Charles E. P'orce, Charles W. Bn.wn, Walter P. McGee, George H. Osborn, Charles W. Drake, George W. (iodfrej', Joseph (j. Morrison, Henr_\- D. .Muiither, Edward Broun, William H. Evans, George H. Clark, J. Albert G. Parry. John M. Drake, .Manning E. Drake, Moses P. Smith. Henry T. Trenchard, John J. Weaver, George W. Eager, Randolph A. Gardner, George S. Devon, I-ldward R. Price, William X. Drake, Harvey G. Galbraith, Robert J. Lloyd, Manning H. Dorland. The present officers are: George S. Devon, N. G.; Henry T. Trenchard, \'. G.; Moses P. Smith, Rec. Sec; Manning E. Drake, Per. Sec; Jacob B. Maxwell, Treas. The present membership of the lodge is 30. The regular communications of the lodge are held at Odd Fellows' Hall, on South Orange Avenue. Orange Lawn Tennis Cl.un. This is one of the oldest and strongest tennis clubs in this country. It was organized on October 4, 1S80. by a number of well-known gentlemen of the Oranges. The first officers were : President, Richard J. Cross; Secretary, Edwartl Winslow ; Treasurer, Richard M.Colgate. Directors, Henry F. P'itch, Samuel Campbell, E. F. Sandford and A. M. Wood. The other original members were: I-"rederick Almy, Frank Arnold, Henry Barrill, 1). L. Bennett, Henry Coolidge, John P. Gilli.s, John O. Heald, S. \'. L'Hnmnicdieu, J. H. Kelley, N. B. Martin, 1". J. Martin, Albert D. Smith, Charles A. Munn, Henry N. Munn, J. Montgomery Hare, Appleton D. Palmer, Richard Pan- coast, PVederick E. Snow, Henry A. Page, Robert W. Hawkesvvorth, Charles V. Watson and John C. Wilmerding. The club-house and tennis grounds are located on the corner of Berkley Avenue and Montrose Avenue, South Orange. There are no finer tennis grounds in the whole country. The club leases about ten acres; it is perfectly smooth and level and is almost entirely surrounded by a grove of forest trees. The grounds are divided into eight grass courts and two clay courts. The club achieved a reputation almost from the start and some of the finest players in the country were brought together here. In the summer of 1882 the memorable contest took place between Sears and Dwight when, after a spirited contest Listing two days, Sears succeeded in wresting the victor\- from Dr. Dwight, his tennis preceptor. The Middle States championship has been held on these grounds since the summer of 1892. The magnificent silver cup offered in 1887, so often contested for, has passed through several hands and has inscribed on it probably more names than that of any other cuj) in the country. It was won in 1S87 b\- R. L. Beekman, in 1888-9 ^Y Uowartl Taylor, in 1890 by F-. P. McMullen, in 1891 by C. E. Sands, in 1892-3 by Richard Stevens, in 1894-5 by W. A. Earned and in 1896 by Clarence Hobart. The victor, to hold it permanently, must win the cup three times. No one as yet has won it more than twice. During the si.xteen years of its e.xistence the Orange Lawn Tennis Club has brought into iironiinence man}- players who have won honors for the club on many a hard- fought field. Those who have filled the office of President of the club since its organization are: R. J. Cross, 1880-83; Edward Win.slow, 1883-86; J. Crosby Brown, 18S6 ; Henry F. Hitch, 1887-91; Chas. A- Munn, 1891-95; Russell A. Griffin, 1895, still in office. The club still maintains the reputation it has achieved and has a membership of 150, composed of the best class of citizens of all the Oranges. The CO Q Z D o o CO 2 Z < The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 363 present officers arc: President, Russell A. Griffin; Secretary, Stanley W.ircJ : Treasurer, S. Hryan Kneass. Directors, in addition to the above, Charles A. Munn, Walter I). Oslicrnr. Mrnest M. I'rice, Clifford A. Gould. South Okanck Field Cl.rn. This club was organized in tiie summer of i88y, for tiie purpose of encouraging out-door sports of all kinds and for promoting social intercourse and physical culture. The first meeting for organization was held at the house of William F. Allen, in South Orange, June 14, l8Sy, and forty-four gentlemen signed the following agreement : "['he undersigned hereby agrees to become a member of an athletic club for South Orange and vicinity under by-laws to be hereafter adopted, the initiation fee not to exceed §5." The first officers of the club were: Reune Martin, President; William H. Curtis. Vice-President; Henry W. Freeman, Treasurer; I^obcrt Speer, Secretary. These, with otiicis, comprised the Executive Committee or Governing Board. During the summer of 1889 tiie club played baseball and tennis at Dr. l-"enner's field, anil in the fall of the same year effected a five year lease with the Meadow Land Society whereby the cost of all grading be paid for by issuing stock to the Field Club of equal value, the same to be sold by the Field Club, so that practically the expense of grading was borne by the Meadow Land Society. A barn which stood on the ])remiscs was presented to the club by E. H. Mead in January. 1890. This was remodelled and inipro\e(l, and served a very good purpose as a club-house for some years, while it lasted. In 1890 many improvements and additions were made, which included bowling alley, tennis club, baseball grounds, etc., and the membership of the club increased to 220 active and 55 junior members. In 1S93, new by-laws enacted provided for a board of twelve governors to control the affairs of the club, eacii governor to be a chairman of some important committee, etc. A skating pond and other additions were made in 1894 and the membership increased to over 400. The club-house was destroyed by fire in January, 1895, and arrangements were soon after effected for building a larger and more commodious building. This contains two billiard, two pool tables, four bowling alleys, a locker room for senior and also for junior members ; the cost of the building was between §10,000 and $' 1,000. The club now owns the ground on which the club-house stands — about two acres — and leases about eighteen acres additional. It has three baseball diamonds, a full qnartcr-niile track — cinder — seven clay tennis courts, two or more spaces for crotjuet ; for the autumn, two football fields, and for the winter, two acres of ice for skating. The total value of property owned by the club is about §15,000. The following persons have served as officers of the club since the second year of its organization : Presidents. — Reune Martin, 1890-91 ; W.H.Curtis, 1S92-93; R.S.Sinclair, 1894; Spencer Miller, 1S95. Vice-Presidents— W. H. Curtis, 1890-91 ; N. B. Martin, 1892-93; M. H. Roberts, 1894; A. C. Babson. 1895. Secretaries. — R. W. Spier, 1890-92; T. Stallnecht, 1892-93; W. W. Palen, 1894, still in office. Treasurers. — H. W. Freeman, 1891-92-93; L. Middleditch, 1894-95. The present officers and Board of Governors are: President, Walter J. McCoy; Vice-President, W. J. Nevius; Treasurer, Philip Muder; Secretary, II. W. Palen; Austen Colgate, Orange ; Rev. R. II. (iage, C. G. Kidder, Orange; J. J. Hathaway, J. G. Hagemcyer, E. C. Sherman. The present membership is 370, of which there are resident members, 195; non-resident, 115; juniors, 60. PERSONAL HISTORY AND HOMES OF THE BUILDERS OF SOUTH ORANGE. The first and oldest of those cla.ssitied as his Builders of South Orange — .\bijah F. Tiilou - is a descendant of one of the Founders, the father having become a resident at the Mountain before Orange was set off from Newark. Peter Tiilou. the grandfather of Abijah F., was a descendant of one of the early Huguenot families of New York City, and was by trade a chair maker. He married Mary Brown, daughter of Joseph Brown, a descendant of one of the earliest settlers of South Orange. The home- stead farm of the Browns has remained continuously in that family since it was first acquired from the Indians. Josepli B. Tiilou, son of Peter and father of .Abijah F.. was born in New York City in 1773, and 364 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. came with his uncle to South Orange in 1783, just at the close of the W.ir of the Revolutimi ; he was then ten years of a\2 and settled in Boston. The line of descent is through Nathaniel (1), son of Daniel, Nathaniel (Ji, Nathaniel (3), Nathaniel (4;, Samuel and William Augustus. William Augustus Hrewer, son of Samuel and .Sail}' (Norton) Hrewer, was born in Boston, Mass., March 21, 1807; died in the house of his son, in South Orange, April II, 1890. He was a druggist in lioston for many )ears, hut thiring the latter years of his life resided with his son in South Orange. He married Mary Sawin Hunting, daughter of Ikla Hunting, a direct descendant of John, of Dedham. Mass., 1638. They had four children, of whom William Augustus. Jr., was the eldest. Wil.i l.\M AlM.lsrUs Brkwer, J K, eldest son of William A. and Mary Sawin (Hunting) Brewer, was born in Boston, Mass., October 9, 1835; was graduated in the Lawrence Scientific Department, of Harvard, in 1854. For about two years he engaged in civil engineering and was afterw.ird appointed to a position in the Actuary's Department of the New York Mutual Life Insurance Company. On the organizatien of tiie Washington Life Insurance Company, of New York, in iSfJO, Mr, Hrewer became its Secretary and Actuary, and nine years later was made \'ice-Presidenl ; he was elected President of the company in 1S79, •'''"J ^t^'" continues in that position. Mr. Brewer came to South Orange in 1S67 and bought the old landmark known as the "Stone House by the Stone House Brook." He built a modern house in front and made additions to the rear leaving as much as possible of the old house in its original condition. He named the place Aldworth, signifying "old mansion." Mr. Brewer has taken part in all the efforts to ad\ance the growth of South Orange since he became a resident. He was Commissioner of Assessments for a number of years, was President of the village 1875-77, and Secretary and President of the South Orange Library A.s.sociation for a long period. He was one of the Commissioners of Drainage appointed by the Court of Common Pleas in 1881 to provide means for draining the east branch of the Rahway River. He was one of the original members of the New England Society, of Orange, and was for twelve years its Treasurer, two years Vice President and President for two years. He is a member of the Episcopal Church of the Holy Communion, of South Orange. Mr. Brewer married Bella Calvert Fisher, daughter of Charles Willis l"islur, of Medway, Mass. Their children are May, married laigene V. Connett, Jr., Graham IL, Calvert, Clara, married William A. Minott. THE TLIRREIT. FATIILY. TheTurrell family settled in Liiclifuld and I'.iirficld Counties, Conn., in the early part of the seven- teenth century. In the earliest recortls the name is spelled Terril and Terrill, but was changed some years later. It is a noteworthy fact that a descendant of the same family was among the early settlers of Connecticut P\arms, N. J., and appears at a little later date at what is now South Orange. By the will of Daniel Riggs, dated October I, 1786 (whose homestead occupied the site of the rectorj- of the Church of the Holy Communion, in South Orange), he conveys a farm known as "Bower's Place" to one of his sons, "excepting five acres on the .southeasterly corner thereof, which he gave to his daughter, Phebe Terril." The immediate ancestor of George B. Turrell, so long identified with South Orange as one of its chief Builders, was Jonathan Turrell, who was settled in the town of Munro, Conn., about 368 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. nine miles north of Bridgeport. He enlisted in the l-'rencii and Indian W'ai', 1754-1762. and died in the service about 1757. He sent home his powder horn with his name engraved on it. coupled witli the request that it should descend through his line to those bearin<; the name of Jonathan, lie left two sons, the eldest of whom, CVnrr. was about nine years of age at the time of his father's death. Oliver Turrell, son of Jonathan Turrell, was born at Monroe, Conn., about 174S. He subsequently removed to New Milford, Conn. He was among the first to enlist in the War of the Revolution and went with the Connecticut troops to "the Relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm," April, 1775, and was afterwards regularly enlisted in the "Connecticut Line." He was at the battles of Le.Kington, Bunker Hill and a few months later in the hard fought battles of Long Island and White I'lains, N. \'. ile re-enlisted May 26, 1777, in the regular service, honorably discharged January 9, 177S, and was probably witii the Connecticut Militia after this, as it is .said he served throughout the war. He married Huldah, daughter of Abel Barnum, a descendant in the fourth generation of Thom.is Harnum, one of the first eight settlers of Danbury, in 1684-5: removed later to Fairfield, Conn. 01i\er Turrell had, among other children, Williaiii J . William J. Turrell, son of Oliver and Huldah (Barnum) Turrell, was born at New Miifonl, Conn., in 1791. He served in the W'ar of 1812-15. He was a farmer and a leading man in the town, a mem- ber of the School Committee and held other local offices. He was also a member of the Baptist Church. IK' married Foll\- Bearss, daughter of Benjamin Bearss and Ruth Benedict. The latter was a descendant of Thomas Benedict, born in Nottinghamshire, England; died in Norwalk, Conn., 1690. The children of William J. and Polly (Bearssj Turrell were: Laura, Lucy, Benjamin, Caroline. Gcors^c Jninditt, \\ illiani and I'oll)- Ann. (a-MKci'. BknedICT Tukkeil, fifth child of William J. and Polly (Bearssi Turrell, was born at New l'"airficld. Conn., March 26, 1825. He attended the public school of his native village and Pro''essor L-vvin's Hanbury Academy. At the age of seventeen he obtained a clerkship in a village store at South Farms, and soon after he became of age was taken into partnership with his emploj'er, under the firm name of Pickett & Turrell. About six years later he went to Waterbury, Conn , and bought out the store of the Watcrville Manufacturing Company. He continued his interest in this business, but w ith- drew his active service soon after to accept the Secretaryship of the Tuttle Manufacturing Company of Naugatuck, Conn., one of the largest manufactories of hoes, forks and other agricultural tools in the country. He came to New York City in 1854, to assume cliarge of the company's affairs at that point. He withdrew from active service one year later, and entered into partnership with his brother-in-law in the cloth-finishing business, under the firm name of Migeon & Turrell. He continued in this for several years, and did a prosperous business. Li i860 Mr. Turrell, with two others, organized the Union Phird- ware Company of Torrington, Conn., wliich became one of the largest mamifactories of skates and other hardware in the country. In 1874 he was induced to accept the Presidency of the company, and con- tinued in this capacity until 1889, when he retiied from active service, but still continues his interest in the business as director and adviser. About 188S Mr. Turrell bought what was known as the "Red Gate Farm," located at Newton, Sussex County, N. J., consisting of 324 acres, which had been brought to the highest state of culti\ation, and it was knoivn as the "model farm of New Jersey." He grew the first cro[) of tobacco ever raised in Sussex County, lie stocked the farm with a herd of seventy of the best Jersey cows, many of which were imported ilirect from the Island of Jersey. He introduced a system of cooling and aerating milk by which it coukl be safely bottled and ready for shipment within twenty minutes after it came from the cow, instead of waiting ten or twelve hours, as was the case under the old process. His process was by trickling the milk over a series of horizontal copper pipes, through which cold water was kept con- stantly running, each layer of pipe (\vhich was nearly flat oval instead of round), being cooler than the one above it. By this method of treatment, all the animal heat, ofTensive odors and gases, were thrown off, which permitted the milk to take up a sufficient quantity of oxygen to preserve it for several hours, and rendered the milk absolutely pure. This process has since been adopted by most of the leading GEORGE B. TURRELL. The Founders and Huh.ders ok the Oranges. S'V) milk producers. The milk was shipped to Brooklyn and yielded tlie producer double the price of that received by others treated under the old process, which recjuircd twelve hours to cool. In addition to his Jersey cows Mr. Turrell stocked his farm with 125 black-faced Southdown sheep. The management of this farm, w hile it afforded great pleasure and recreation to Mr. Turrell, he found that it absorbed too much of his time, and after bringing it up to a high state of cultivatiun he sold it, and has since given his attention to his other business affairs. In all his business enterprises Mr. Turrell has met witii unvar\-iiig success, and every change he has made has been one step higher. His success is not due to what the world calls luck or good fortune, but to those great underlying principles which are the fountlation of true character — notable character- istics of his ancestors, viz : honesty, probity and a conscientious regard for the rights of others. ,\dded to this, his general kindly nature, uniform courtes)- and urbanity of manner, by which means his circle of friends and acquaintance were widened from \ear to year. When Mr. Turrell came to South Orange, in 1864, it was then but little more than a hamlet. It contained only a few modern houses, and "village improvements" were then an "unknown quantity." Its miles of well-paved and well-lighted streets, its splenditl drainage, and its reputation as a healthful suburban resort, are due largely to his efforts and to his hearty co-operation with other enterprising residents. Mr. Turrell purcha.sed what was known as the Sprague property, on Scotland Street, consist- ing of eleven acres. He enlarged the house, adding a number of modern improvements, in hard-wood finish and other decorations in the interior, making it one of the most elegant mansions in this part of South Orange. In 1891 he opened a street through his property, from Scotland Street to Grove Road, which, at the request of his neighbors, was named Turrell Avenue. The property has since been laid out in building lots, and on these he erected two beautiful cottages —one for his son and the other for his married daughter. Mr. Turrell was one of the chief promoters of the plan for securing a charter for the village of South Orange, in 1869; he was one of the original trustees and was elected President of the village the follow- ing year. In the autumn following, owing to failing health, he was obliged to resign, and went abroad for a time. On his return he was again elected President. During his travels on the continent he made a careful study of the system of road-making, and in his report for 1874 he recommended, among other improvements, the system of road-making which he described as "Construction by Repairs," but which has since become known as the " Turrell pavement." It met with strong opposition at the outset, not- withstanding its economic features, but after a thorough test it was finally adopted by the village authorities, and has proved to be the best and most econnmical of any system now in use, effecting a saving in the cost of construction of nearly five thousand dollars a mile. While not apparently aggres- sive, Mr. Turrell has been persistent and persevering in his efforts for this and other village improve- ments. Owing to the large amount of surface water deposited from the streams, and the imperfect drainage, the village for a time was in a very unhealthy condition. Mr. Turrell was appointed by the Court of Common Pleas, in iS8r, as one of three Commissioners of Drainage, to act under a law passed by the Legislature of New Jersey, in March, iSSi, making it the duty of such commissioners to first determine if drainage was necessary for public health, and if so, giving them ample power to carry out the work. A thorough system for draining the east branch of the Rahwa)- River in Snuth Orange was commenced by the commissioners in 1882 and completed in about two years time, and residents of South Orange have reason to be grateful for the accomplishment of a work that has contributed so much to the healthfulness of the village. The present site of the Field Club forms a part of the lands reclaimed from a bog covered with water and filth most of the year, and now transformed into a place of be.iuty and jileasure. This entire locality is now one of the healthiest in the State <>f New Jersey. Mr. Turrell was also one of the i)romoters of the Meadow Land Society, and during his residence of more than thirty years has been identified with every movement tending to the advancement of the moral, physical and social condition of the people of this locality. He is a trustee in the Presbyterian 3^o The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Cliuicli and a generous contributor to its support, and was a large contributor to tlie additions and improvements made in enlarging the church edifice. Mr. Turrell married Elise J. Migeon, daughter of Henri Migeon, a native of France and a warm personal friend of the Marquis de Lafayette. Mr. Migeon came to this country with letters of introduction from Lafayette to Mr. Howe, then Mayor of New York City, couched in the most flattering terms, which, with other correspondence with Lafayette, are deposited with the Connecticut Historical Society, at Hartford, Conn. Mr. Migeon established a successful business in New York City. He subsequently purchased and resided in the old Gov. Wolcott homestead, at Litchfield, Conn. Of the children of George B. and Elise J. (Migeon) Turrell, two only are living. William H. occupies a cottage near his father's residence ; Elise married Harvey L Underbill, formerly agent of the Guion line of steamers. She also resides in one of the cottages built by her father. Louise, the wife of Dr. E. T. Weed, died in 1894. The Residence ok Thomas S. Kingman, situated on the corner of Montrose Avenue and Centre Street, is the most striking in appearance and shows more individuality, if not originality, than any house in South Orange. It possesses many of the characteristics of the Elizabethian style of architect- ure, but is varied somewhat to suit the present tastes of the owner. It is built entirely of brick and is paneled above the first story. Instead, however, of adopting the sixteenth century style of panels, in plaster, these are formed of brick, set in herring-bone pattern, giving a striking and yet a most pleasing effect. The windows, doors and exterior trimmings conform in appearance to the general style indicated. The exterior of the house is unique in design and finish. While there are no two rooms alike, there is nothing offensive to the e\-e or taste of the observer, and there is a perfect blending and iiarmony of Color throughout. Every room is a study of itself. The finish and decorations of the rooms on the first floor represent the English, German and French styles of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The walls of the dining-room are covered with canvas and painted in oil colors. In the sitting-room adjoining, the ceilings are formed of quartered oak panels, with decorative tints to correspond, the body of material being of plaster. The large parlor, light and airy, is thoroughly French, both in the trimmings and decorations. The walls and ceilings are finished in the most delicate tints, with here and there a bit of stronger coloring to brighten the effect. Red, blue and green, with a background of light tints, are the prevailing colors of the rooms on the second floor, while the furniture, coverings, etc., are in perfect harmony with the decorations. Mr. Kingman's fondness for the antique has led to his selection of some rare old pieces of furniture dating back to the twelfth and fifteenth centuries. These form an appropriate setting to the antique surroundings. In his travels abroad many years ago, Mr. Kingman found a painting of " Priscilla," which forms the subject of Miles Standish's and John Alden's courtship, the conception being the ideal work of a foreign artist. This painting forms an interesting link in the history of Mr. Kingman's family, as will be shown hereafter. Both on the paternal and maternal sides, Mr. Kingman is itlentified with the Pilgrim Fathers, and his descent is traced in an unbroken line from the original settlers of the Massachusetts Ha\' Colony. THE KINGMAN FAMILY. llcnry Kingman, of Weymouth, .Mass., the .\merican ancestor, came from Wales in 1632. He was made a freeman in 1636; grand juror in 1637; representative, 1638 and 1652. He married Joanna . He died about 1666, aged seventy-four. He had si.x children, of whom Jolin was the third child. Jolin Kingman, third child of Henry and Joanna ( ) Kingman, was born probably about 1650. He purchased of Michael Bacon, Jr., of Billerica, the estate of West Bridgewater, Mass.. formerly be- longing to Daniel Bacon. He married Elizabeth , and had children, John, Henry {2), born 1668, and four others. He died in 1690. Henry (2) Kingman, second son of John and Eli/abeth (^ ) Kingman, was born in 166S. He married Bethiah, daughter of John Howard. Their children were: Bethiah, Elizabeth, Sarah. Martha, THOMAS S. KINGMAN. TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 371 Henry {i), born April 19.1701; Kezi.ih, born 1703; Hannah, born 1705. married John Aldcn. son of Isaac, son of Hon. John Aldcn, the Pilgrim ancestor; the other children were, Jonathan, born 1708; Anne, born 1710; Mary, born 1713. Henry (3) Kin<,^man, fifth child of Henry (2) and Bethia (^Howard) Kingman, was born .\pril 19, 1701. He married Mary, daughter of Samuel Allen, and had among other children, Matthc-u, hoxn September 8, 1732. Matthew Kingman, second son and eighth child of Henry (3) and Mary (Allen) Kingman, was born September S, 1732. He married Jane, daughter of David Packard, and had Abel, born August 22, 1768. Abel Kingman, son of Mattliew and Jane (Packard) Kingman, was born August 22, 176.8. He married Lucy Washburn, daughter of Elisha Washburn, of Kingston, Mass., son of William, son of William, son of John (3), son of John (2), son of John Washburn, the ancestor, who was the first Secrc- tar\- of the Council of Plymouth, I-lngland ; he, with his two sons, were of the original proprietors of Bridgcwatcr. Hon. Abel Kingman, above mentioned, occupied a conspicuous place in the administra- tion of the municipal government of North Bridgewater. Tew men lived longer or led a more active and enterprising life than he. l-'or a number of years he rejjrcsented the town in the Legislature of Massachusetts, and for two years occupied a seat in the State Senate, from Plymouth County. He was a Justice of the Peace, Captain in the militia, and held other public offices. He died January' 19, 1850, aged eighty-two. He had among other children, Abel Washburn, born April 22, 1806. Abel Washburn Kingman, M. D., son of Hon. Abel and Lucy (Washburn) Kingman, was born at North Bridgewater, Mass., April 22, 1806: graduated at Amherst College in 1830, and soon after began the practice of medicine in his native town. He married Clari.ssa Alden, daughter of William Alden, son of Samuel (2), son of Samuel (i), son of " Deacon Joseph," son of Joseph, son of Hon. John Alden, who came to Plymouth in the Mayflower, in 1620. His name has been immortalized in verse by Long- fellow, in "The Courtship of Miles Standish," the courting being done by John Alden as the "proxy" of the redoubtable Captain, who became the prineipal \n the affair, through the reply of Priscilla in the form of a query, "Why don't you speak for j'ourself, John?" John Alden married Priscilla, daughter of William Mullins. The children of Dr. Abel Washburn and Clarissa (Alden) Kingman were: Francis Williams, Clara Gifford, Abel Willard, Hannah Williams, Thomas Sewall, Helen Barton Elliot. Thomas Sewai.i. Kixcman, third son of Dr. Abel and Clarissa (Alden) Kingman, was born in North Bridgewater, Mass., April 5, 1840. He attended the public school and later the academy kept by Dr. Adams, at Newton, Mass. He entered the large wholesale dry goods house of Jordan Marsh Co., of Boston, and remained in the employ of this firm for thirteen years, rising from the lowest to the highest position in the house, viz., that of buyer and manager of the dry goods department. The push, energy and perseverance which led to his success were traits inherited from his father and grandfather. His first real estate venture began while he was in the employ of this firm. He purchased property in that part of the city of Brockton known as Winchester Park, where he built and sold fourteen houses, the first built in the park, and thus laid the foundation for a successful and prosperous settlement, it being now occupied by a large number of fine residences. Mr. Kingman came to New York City in 1870 and took a similar position— that of dress goods buyer with A. T. Stewart & Co , and continued in the employ of this firm for twelve years. With twenty-five years' experience in two of the largest houses in this country, he embarked in business for himself in 1S82, under the firm name of Brown, Wood & Kingman, dry goods and commission merchants. The firm did a successful business from the start, and Mr. Kingman retained an active interest in the business until 1892; since that time he has been largely engaged in real estate operations. Mr. Kingman's connection with the Oranges began in 1S76. He lived for about a year on the Fuller place and then bought land on what was known as the Elliot place, where he erected an elegant mansion. After living there for about six years he bought, as has already been stated, the Bishop Baldwin farm, and soon after merged his individual interests into the syndicate which continued the work begun by him. This, however, did not prevent him from engaging extensively in other real estate 372 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. operations, all of which liavc been successful. He is a man of ij'cnerous impulses and considerate of the wants of others, and all his business operations have been conducted on that hiL;h plane which always inspires confidence between man and man. His aim has been to pro\ide beautiful homes for men of means who had neither the time nor the inclination to attend to the details of building. Mr. King- man, while aiding to the extent of his ability in maintaining the cause of good government, has always been averse to holding public office, and would ne\er consent to the use of his name in this connection. Mr. Kin"-man married Miss .\nna 11. Jenks, daughter of Uavid Barclay Jenks, one of the brightest and most promising young lawyers in the State of Pennsylvania, who died at an early age. His brother, Hon. George A. Jenks, has long been recognized as one of the ablest lawyers in the country. He filled many positions of honor and trust, and was appointed Solicitor General of the United States by Presi- dent Cleveland, in 1888. The children of Thomas S. and Anna H. (Jenk.s) Kingman are: Nellie L., Tom Sidney, Mabel, Russell Barclay. THE MINOTT FAHILY. Since the first settlement of I'last New Jersey b_\- the Puritan founders there has been a steady influx from New England, and this has always been the predominating element in the building up of the Oranges. Among this number, whose influence has been felt in no small degree, is that of the Minott family, represented by Joseph A. Minott. This name is found among the earliest of the New England settlers. It is of English origin, and is traced to Thomas Minott, Esq., Secretary to the Abbott of Walden, by whom he was advanced to great possessions. Elder George Minot, the American progenitor, was the son of Thomas Minot, Esc]., of Saffron, Walden, Essex, England, and was born August 4, 159^. He was among the first Pilgrim emigrants to Massachusetts, and of the first settlers of Dorchester, Mass. His place of residence was near Nepon- set Bridge, and he owned the land which has since become known as " Squantum." He was made a freeman in 1634, and represented the town in 1635-6. He was one of the first signers of the Church Covenant, and was a ruling elder in the church for thirty years. He died December 24, 167 1. He was a contemporary with Elder Humphrey. '"His death," says the record, " was much lamented by the town." A gravestone in the old hurying-ground of Dorchester cont.iin^ the following: " Here lies the body of Unite Humphrey and Shining; Minot ; Such names as these they never die out." By his wife, Martha, who died December 23, 1657, he had issue: John, born 1626 ;/,?/;/, -.f, born 1628; Stephen, born 1631, and Samuel, born 1635. James Minott, second child of Elder George and Martha ( ) Minot, was born December 31, 1628. He married Hannah, daughter of Col. Israel Stoughton, who was Ensign of the Dorchester Hand, com- manded by Capt. Mason; was chosen Assistant (I.ieutent-Governor) in 1637. He commanded the Massachusetts Expedition against the Peiiuods; arriving after the battle of Mystic P'ort, he nearly com- pleted the destruction of the Pequod tribe. He returned to England in 1643, and served there in the Revolution as I.ieutenant-Colonel, under Rainsford. John, the brother of James Minott, was a physi- cian, Captain, Colonel and Justice of the Peace, a military officer of thirty years, and a member of the King's Council. The children of James and Hannah iStoughton 1 Minott were, .A?w,-.f (2) and others. He married, second, Hephzebah Corlet. James Minott (2), son of James (i) anil Hannah (Stoughton) Minott, w.is born in Dorchester Mass., April 2, 1659. He removetl to Concord, where he married Rebecca, (.laughter of John Jones, ami hatl a son, Jonatliaii. Jonathan Minott, son of James (21 and Rebecca (Jones) Minott. was horn in 1714, probablv at Con- cord, where he married Elizabeth Stratton. He removed to Westford, MidiUesex County, Mass. Ihey had six children, of whom Joiiatlian (2) was the fourth. Jonathan Minott (2), fourth child of Jonathan (i) and Elizabeth (^Slrallon) Minott, was born June < JOSEPH A. MINOTT. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 373 19, 1723. lie lived in Westford. In 1773, soon after the Boston pamphlet was issued, the people of VVestfoid declared their synipath_\- with the " Hoston brethren," and voted to chose a committee "to correspond with Boston or any other town, as occasion may require." This committee consisted of Mr. Samuel Gardner, Capt. Jonathan Miiiott, Deacon John Abbott, Dr. Asaph Fletcher and Mr. Nathaniel Boynton. The title of "Captain" was probably received for service in the French and Indian War. Capt. Jonathan Minott .served with distinctii>n in the War of the Revolution. On February 7, 1776, he was chosen Second Major in the Si.xth Massachusetts Regiment, and on February 14 following, he was chosen First Major of the same regi- / ^ — v\ ment. He married Esther I'roctor, of ( ) Chelmsford, and had nine children, ^"—^^ among whom \\3i% Jesse. Jesse Minott, son of Major Jona- than (2) and Esther (I'roctor) Minott, was born at Westford, Mass., Nov. 5, 1759. He married Betsx- Adams, (a descendant probably of Henry Adams, of Braintrec), and had issue : Jesse, Jonathan, Joseph, Otis, Thomas and I saac. Joseph Minott, son of Jesse and Betsy (Adamsj Minott, was born in Westford, Mass. He married Fanny, daughter of Jeremiah Hildreth. He settled in Alban\-, X. V., where he resided for a number of years, and in 1 850 removed to New York City, where he died in 1854. His children were: Joseph Albert and George Rufus; the latter died in infancy. JosKPii Albert Minott, eldest son of Joseph and Fanny (Hildreth) Minott, was born in Albany, N. Y., March 15, 1836. He attended the Albany Academy and subsequently was sent to Westford, (Mass.) Academy to complete his studies. He came to New York in 1854, and was for three years engaged in the business of wholesale dry goods. In 1857 he went with William D. Russell, then engaged in the rubber-clothing business, and in 1861 lu;, in connection with !•". M. Shepard, founded the Rubber-Clothing Company, and in 1872, also with Mr. Shep- artl, founded the Goodyear Rubber Company, and has been Secretary and Treasurer of both companies since their organization. He is connected also with the scAcral branch organ- izations in Buffalo, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, Minneapolis, St. Louis, Kansas City, San Francisco, Portland, Oregon, and Washington, D. C. He is one of the trustees in the United States for the Union Assurance Society of London, England, and is also a director of the Victoria Fire Insurance Company of New York. Minott was one of the pioneers in the new movement in Orange, which l)egan in the fifties FRONT VIEW OE' RKSIDENCE OF J. A. MINOTT. removed thence in 1858, and settled on Arlington Avenue, East Orange. KEAK VIEW OF KESIIIENCE OF J. A. MINOTT. Mr. He In 1880 he erected one of the 374 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges largest and finest houses in all the Oranges. It gave character to the locality, as well as increased value to the surrounding property, and influenced a class of people to settle here who, but for this, would doubtless have selected other localities. He sold this property in |S86, and resided for some years in New York City. The old attractions of the Oranges, however, won him back again, and in 1892 he moved to Montrose, South Orange, and purchased a lot on Scotland Road, between Montrose and Irv- ing Avenues, where, in 1895, he built a handsome house of the most approved modern style, known as American domestic, designed by Rossiter & Wright, the latter of whom is a resident of South Orange. While Mr. Minott's interests have, to a greater or less degree, been scattered among the Oranges, he has confined them mostly to East Orange. He was among the first, in connection with Mr. Shepard, to take up the matter of water suppl_\-, and assisted in the organization of the Orange Water Company, and was made its Treasurer. When the Munn A\enue, or I'irst Presbyterian Church of East Orange was being organized, he was one of the chief promoters of this new interest, and was one of its earliest members. He has been conspicuous in the social and other organizations in the Oranges. He is a member of the New England Society, of the Essex County Country Club, the Riding and Driving Club and other local organizations. Mr. Minott married Mary Kilburn Mandeville, daughter of Abram and L\^dia (Kilburn) Mandeville, of Orange. Abram Mandeville was the son of Giles, son of Hendrick Mandeville, one of the original settlers of Pompton Plains, N. J. The latter was the son of Giles Jansen Mandeville, who came to this country in 1647 in company with Governor Stuyvesant. He owned a large tract of land in what is now the centre of the city of New York, his house being located near the present site of Abingdon Square. The children of Joseph A. and Mary Kilburn (Mandeville) Minott are: Joseph Otis, Frederick Shep- ard, Samuel Jones, Arthur Mandeville, William Albert, Mary Mandeville, and Harold. William Albert married, April 6, 1896, Clara, daughter of Wm. A. Brewer, Esc;., of South Orange; Arthur Mande\ille married, June 24, 1896, Florence Glisan, of Portland, Oregon, daughter of the late Dr. Rodney Glisan, of that place. THE MEAD FAMILY. The Mead family of the Oranges was represented by Ktlwin H. Mead as a resident of South Orange for more than a quarter of a centur}-. The name is recorded in the English College of Heraldry as early as i 569. Among the most prominent of the Scotch representatives of the family was the Earl of Clanwiliiam. The founder of the English branch was granted Anns. — Sable a chevron or, between three pelicans, vulned of the last. Crest. — An eagle sable displayed, beaked and armed or. Motto. — "Tojour pret." The eagle in the crest was given to Sir Robert Meade for his services in the cause of the German Empire in the wars of (justavus Adolphus. The chevron indicates the head of the house or the commander of an expedition. The pelican is used in arms as an emblem of tender care for the offspring, or undying devotion to country's cause. William Mead, the American ancestor, was born in England in 1600. He came to this country about 1630 and settled first in Massachusetts; removed thence to Hempstead, L. I., and settled finally in Greenwich, Conn., about 1660. He is supposed to have been a member of a family of Saxon origin which had been settled since very early times in Somersetshire, but iiati removed to Essex in the reign of Henry VI, early in the fifteenth century. John Mead, son of William, w.is born in 1635. He married Hannah, ilaughter of William Potter, of Stamforil. They had a son, lihcnczcr, and other children. Ebcnezer .Mead, son of John and Hannah (Potter) Mead, was born in Greenwich, Conn., 1663. He married Sarah Knapp and hwd Jiriiiiinh, and other children. Jeremiah Mead, son of Ebenezer and Sarah (Knapp) Mead, was probably born in Greenwich, about 1705. He married Hannah St. John, of Norwalk, and had among other children, Stc/'/n-)/. He removed to Stratford, Conn. Stephen Mead, son of Jeremiah and Hannah i^St. John) Mead was born in Stratford. Conn., about EDWIN H. MEAD. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 375 1750. He was a soldici- in the War of the Revolution and served as private in Capt. David Halt's company, Ninth Regiment, Connecticut Militia, commanded by Liet.-Col. John Mead. He was also in Capt. Smith's company, same regiment. He enlisted again January 1 1, 1777. in Capt. Hobby's company, same regiment. His name appears on the payroll of the "Company of Householders in Greenwich, Capten Abraham Mead Melish Destrich, and in Cornel John Mead Regemint." Steplicn married Rachel Sanford, of Redding Conn., born February 25, 1753, daughter of Capt. Samuel Sanford. After the war he removed to Pittsfield, Mass. He owned the land now occupied as the village green, in Pittsfield. He had among other ciiildren, a son, lipltraiiii. Ephraim Mead, son of Stephen and Rachel (Sandford) Mead, was born, probably, in Stratford, Conn., July 12, 1773, and removed with his parents to Pittsfield, Mass. He was a millwright by trade and a man of great inventive genius. He married Polly Strong, and had by her four children, among whom was Ilcury Sanford. Henry Sanford Mead, son of Ephraim and Polly (Strong) Mead, was born in Pittsfield, Mass., in 1798. He came to New \'ork City when a young man and engaged for some \'ears in mercantile pursuits. During his residence in New ^'l)^k he married Mary Gay Larchar, daughter of Joseph Warren Larchar, son of Pierre Larchar, who was sailing master of the " Bon-Homme Richard," the flag-ship of Capt. John Paul Jones during the War of the Revolution ; he took part in some of the most important naval engagements in the war. During the great yellow fever epidemic in 1825, Henry Sanford Mead returned with his family to Pittsfield, Mass., where he remained for some years, and finally settled in Albany, N. V. He died at New Canaan, Conn., in 1883. He had two sons — Eik>.'ard Henry and Hiram Warren, and four daughters: Mary Elizabeth, married John R. Pease; Julia Frances, married William Elliot; Maria Josephine, married James A. Bieber; Martha Louisa, married J. B. Van Doren. Edwin Henry Mead, eldest son of Henry Sanford and Mary Gay (Larchar) Mead, was born in New York City, March 23, 1822, in the house on Broadway, which stood at the entrance of what is now Lispenard Street, the house having been removed to open that street. One year after his birth, Edwin H. removed with his parents to Pittsfield, Mass., where he remained long enough to receive a good education. He went to Albany in 1840 and found employment with Belknap & Kearcher, then the leading firm of coal dealers is that city. He afterwards entered the service of Harnden's Express Co., in Albany, and was also with the same firm in I^oston. He was for one or two years with John Gihon & Co., linen importers, Boston, whose principal office was in New York. Mr. Mead came with the New York firm in 1849 ^n^ was later in the employ of Sears, Adriance & Piatt. Mr. Piatt, of this firm, was also interested in the Pennsylvania Coal Co , which was then being organized, and asked Mr. Mead to open the books of the new company. As the result of this he was soon after appointed Secretary, and when Mr. George A. Hovt, the treasurer of the company, was advanced to the presidency, Mr. Mead succeeded him. On the death of Mr. Hoyt, Mr. Mead not only succeeded to the presidency, but continued in his position as treasurer and held both positions until his death, February 3, 1895. The success of this company is due in no small degree to the business sagacity and executive ability of Mr. Mead. He was also the managing director of the Erie & Wyoming Valley Railway Company, and a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce and of the American Geographical Society. He enjoyed the confidence and esteem of his business associates, and his marked individuality of character was shown in all his business enterprises. Mr. Mead resided in Brooklyn for a number of years after he began business in New York. Tiring of city life he removed to South Orange, N. J., in 1 868, and bought a beautiful plot of ten acres fronting on the old Ridgewood Road. On this he erected a handsome villa The natural beauty of the spot selected by him was much enhanced by the good judgment displayed in the planting of fine trees, shrubs, flowers, etc. His library of well-selected and useful works afforded him ample opportunity for study and recreation. He was especially fond of the study of languages and his collection included almost every written language in the world. His beautiful country home, which he named "Springlawn," attracted others to this locality and people of culture and refinement were induced to settle here, and 3/6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. tlius the influence of Mr. Mead has widened from year to \ear. lie was not only a pioneer in tlie settlement of South Oranye, but a promoter of the se\eral public improvements tending to its develop- inent. He was a strong advocate of and assisted in securing a village charter for South Orange and served two terms as President of the Board of Village Trustees, and one term as trustee. He took an active part in the measures which were adopted for im])roving the drainage and reclaiming the waste land in South Orange. He was an influential member of the Meadow Land Association ; he was an original member of the Orange Athletic Club and the South Orange I'ield Club, to both of which he was a generous contributor; he was a member of the Free Library when the financial sujijiort of such men was most needed. His real estate operations were quite successful and yielded satisfactory returns. He was a broad-minded, public-spirited citizen and did much to stimulate the growth of enterprises that tended to the further de\-elopment of the village. While identified with the Republican part}-, he ne\er permitted politics to interfere with his duty as an citizen. Mr. Mead was a man of fine personal appearance; genial, kind-hearted ami s}-mpathetic, with a ready, open hand for "deeds of devoted charity." He was ever approachable and had a kind word for all. He loved his home and was a model husband and father. His wife, Laura A., was a daughter of Mos-s Belknap, son of Moses, son of Simeon, of Randolph, who settled in Orange County, \'t.. a descendant of one of the earl)- I'uritan settlers. The children of Edwin H. ami Laura A. ( Belknap) Mead were: Fanny Belknap, died young; Fretierick Warren, Charles Frederick, Frank, Margaret Harper, married C. N. (jraves; Morris Belknap, married Mary Eleanor McAndrews, daughter of Thomas Herbert McAndrews, of New N'ork City, and Winthrop L. THE CHURCH FAMILY. Ebenezer Church, the ancestor of this branch of the Church family, emigrated to New England about 1740, and settled in the town of Pretybrian, Mass. He removed thence to Brattleboro, \ t., and about 1 791 rcnio\ed to Bainbridge, 1 formerly Jericho), Chenango Co., N. Y. He and his sons and one or two other families, were known as the "Vermont Sufferers " He ilied in 1806. His children were: Eben, (or Ebenezer), who remained in Brattleboro ; Josia/i, and two other sons and three daughters. Josiah Church, son of Ebenezer Church, was born in Pretybrian, Mass., in 1751, and remoxed with iiis parents, in 1791, to Chenango County, N. Y. He married Comfort Robbins, daughter of Captain Robert Robbins, a seafaring man. He settled in Coventry, Chenango Co., and the locality became known as Church Hollow. He had eleven children, viz.: Robert Robbins, whose daughter Mary mar- ried Governor Geary of Pennsylvania, and second, married Dr. E. H. Goodman, of Philadelphia; Henry, Nancy, John, Francis, Jeremiah, Jessie, Betsey, Williaiii. Mary and Williard. William Church, ninth child of Josiah and Comfort (Robbins") Church, was born in Chenango Co., N. Y. He married and had a son, \\'i//iaiit. William Church (2), son of William (i), was born in Chenango Co., in i8of>. He kept a store in Coventry in 1830, and in 1832 returned to Church Hollow, where he carried on business for some years, and again settled in Co\entry, where he was Postmaster about 1854. He married Elizabeth Houston, daughter of John Houston, of Orange County, N. Y. The}- had a son, I-.ih^'ard i'ranccs. El)\VAUl> I-'rames Church, son of William (2) and Elizabeth (Houston) Church, was born in Co\-entry, Chenango Co., N. Y., November 13, 1844. He received a thorough education in the higher branches at Leicester, Mass., and afterwards took a business course, graduating with honor at l\astman's Business College, Poughkeepsie. N. ^'. His first business experience was in the retail dry goods store of A. T. Stewart, New York City, where he spent three years and acquired a practical knowledge of the several branches. In 1S6S he entered the wholesale house of Bradley, Keith, Welly & Co., where he had greater opportunities for advancement, and in time became manager of the flannel dejjartment. He remained si.x years with this house, and then accepted a similar position with the firm of Collins, Downing & Co. In 1881 tlie dry goods commission house of Field. Morris. Church & Co., was organ- ized, two of the firm, Charles M. Field and John J. Morris, being representatives of one of the oldest Tiiii Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 377 dry i;oods jobbing houses in the city. The new firm of wliich Mr. Church was a member, did a success- ful business for about four years, when, owing to thedcatli of Mr. Field, the firm was dissolved, and soon after the firm of E. K. Church & Co. was orj^anized, which continued in the same line of business until 1893. The same year Mr. Church accepted an offer from the old established house of E. S. Jaffray & Co.. to take charge of their woolen department. After the dissolution of that firm Mr. Church again started in business for liimself. Mr. Church's connection with South Orange began in 1874, and althougii he did not become a property-holder until some years later, he interested himself in public affairs almost from the beginning, and during his residence of nearly twenty-two years, his time and energies, outside of his regular busi- ness, have been largely devoted to the affairs of the village of South Orange. With no ambition for public office, Mr. Church has always evinced a willingness to serve his fellow-citizens, and often at great personal sacrifice. He was elected a mem- ber of the Board of Village Trustees in 1877, and in 1890 was elected President of the village, and mi the expiration of his term of two years, was re-elected, holding the office continuously for four consecu tive years. Some of tlie most important improve- ments in South Orange were made during his administration as President. The system of water suppl\-, whicli is brought from the top of Summit mountain, was one of the projects which lie urged and which was finally adopted, ])roviding the village of South Orange with the best water in the State at little or no cost. The system of rapid transit was also established between Newark and South Orange in the face of a most determined opposition, the poles having been erected in one night. A sewerage system was started by the purchase of a farm a few miles below the village, but owing to the opposition of the people of Milburn the matter has remained in abeyance for some time. Mr. Church was a most earnest advocate of all these improvements and was ably supported by the leading residents of the village. His interest in the cause of education is well known. He has served as a member of the Board of Education for three consecutive terms — nine years altogether. He was one of the organizers of the Meadow Land Society, of which he is still a stock- holder; he also assisted in organizing the South Orange Field Club. Mr. Church purchased, in 1884. the John Milligan place, near Prosi)ect Street, to which he added many improvements, making it one of the most deliglitful and attractive homes in this part of South Orange. Mr. Church has been twice married. His first wife was Matilda Morrison, daughter of Robert Morrison, of Brooklyn. Three children were born to them, viz.: Edward Francis, Jr., Matilda and Kate E. His present wife. Isabella K. Church, is the daughter of Charles Kellogg, a descendant of an old New England family, and on the mother's side is of Danish parentage. They have had four children, three of whom are living— A. Bonzano, Douglas, Jasperson and Lucille Isabella. EDWARD FRANCIS CllUKClI. 378 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. THE BRUSH FAHILY. The connection of the Rrush family with the Oranges began nearly twenty-five years ago, when Mr. C. E. Brush, the present representative, took up his residence in Orange and a few years later in South Orange. With a constantly increasing interest in his surroundings and a manifest desire on his part to promote social intercourse and extend a helping hand to his neighbors, his influence in the community has graduallj- widened, and when he was finally induced to accept public office he fulfilled tlie duties connected therewith as an honest and fearless citizen. Sterling honesty and unflinching courage are distinguishing traits of the Brush family, the ancestor of whom was among the early Puritan settlers of New England. The ancestor of the Brush family was Thomas Brush, of Southold, L. I , 1662; made a freeman of Connecticut, 1664, that part of Long Island being at the time under the jurisdiction of Connecticut. Jacob Brush, probably a son of Thomas, was born at Huntington, L. I., 1689; died (")ctober 17, 17,^1. He had a son, ./- and displaying e\-er)-wliere tasteful and even palatial homes, with all tlie adorn- ments of art, was a pastoral spot sparsely settled, an expanse of field and orchard and woodland, dotted here and there by the quiet and tjuaint homes of the early settlers. During the past ten or fifteen years the increase in population has been much greater than most other New Jerse}- suburban towns. Men of business in tiie large cities near, and persons seek- ing health or quiet, have here found the most favorable combination of conditions that thej' could desire for rural homes. Climate, sanitary advantages, beauty, well-ordered society, churches, schools, easy accessibility from the great towns are all realized here and recognized each year by an increased number of those who seek the advantages of city and country combined. The old landmarks that formed an interesting chapter of the past have nearly all disappeared, and there remains only a few old chimneys or foundation walls to mark the homesteads of the early settlers. The old streets and lanes have not only changed their appearance, but in many cases have adopted new names. The old Whiskey Lane, identified with the Revolutionary period, is now North Grove Street; Munn Lane is now Munn Avenue ; Plucl: Street, and later Cherry Street, has given place to North Arlington Avenue; the Dodd- town Road, to Prospect Street, and Tory Corner Road to Washington Street. The families of Munn, Peck, Jones, Hedden and a few otiiers are still represented here. The people of East ( )range were the last to sever their connection with the old township of Orange. South and West Orange had withdrawn and a strong effort was made to induce the residents of this. the largest extent of territory embraced in the Oranges, to remain lo\al to the newl\--established town government. Public meetings were held and the matter fully discussed ; the " separatists," however, proved to be largel)- in the majority, and East (Grange was organized as a separate township b\- an act of the Legislature passed March 4, 1S65, which i)rcscribed the following boundaries: " Ik-ginning at a point on a line between the town of Orange and the township of South ()range. wiiere the centre of Centre Street in said town of Orange would intersect said line ; thence in a northerly or northeasterK- direction to a point on the north side of Main Street, in the said town of Orange, where the line between the lands of Caleb (i. Harrison and Nathan W. Pierson, near the corner of Baldwin and said Main Street, would intersect the north side of said Main Street; thence in a northerly or northeasterly direction to a large oak tree on the lands of and near the residence of William Patterson ; thence in a northerly or northeasterly direction to a point on the east side of Park Street, in said town of Orange, where the angle in said street, near the residence of Aaron Williams, would intersect said point ; thence on in the direction of the last-mentioned line to the west side of said Park Street ; thence in a northerlj- The 1''oundeks and Huii.dkrs oi- tiik Okan(;ks. 389 or northeasterly direction to a point in tlic centre of tlie brid^'e over tlie Nishaym- Brook, where the soutli side of Dodd Street (or tiie street riinnini^ from David Riker's store to tlie Orange Cemetery 1 would intersect said |)oint : thence in a northerly or northeasterly direction to a |)oint in the centre of the north side of the bridge near tlie residence of Henry Stucky, and thence in the line of the l.ist- nientioned line to the line between the town of Orange and the township of Hloomfield ; thence along the line between the said town of Orange and the said township of Hloomfield, to the line between the town of Orange and the city of Newark ; thence along the line between the said town of Orange and the said city of Newark to the line between the town of Orange and the township of South Orange; thence along the line between the said town of Orange and the said township of South Orange to the place of beginning." The first election was held on the second Monday of April, 1863, at the house of Stephen \V. Tichenor, Aaron H. Harrison serving as judge and Charles Crane as clerk. L'nder the original charter the Township Committee consisted of seven members, two from each of the three school districts, and cme at large. A change was made in 1886, when the township was divided into four wards, which gave two additional members. .\ fifth ward was added in 1892, giving two more members, making eleven altogether, the present number. i\n act of the Legislature was passed in 1895, known as the Townshij) President Bill of Mast Orange, amending the charter and providing for the election by the people of a Tow nship President, with e.\ecutive and veto powers. The changes which have been made from time to time in the foim of government ha\e kept pace with the growth of the township and, with the additional powers confcrretl, it is ecjual in most respects to that of a city government. Thus far, men of the highest character have been selected to fill the various positions from year to year. The follow- ing is a list of those who have served on the Township Connnittee from 1S63 to 1895, at which time the new township law went into effect. The list from 1863 to 1S84 includes also the various offices of Clerk, Assessor, Counsel, Auditor, Receiver and Justice of the Peace: P>ederick Adams, 1869-70; l'"redenck Allen, 1877; T. 1'. Anderson, 1879; George Booth, 1871-2- 3-4, 1882; Samuel W. Baldwin, 1865-6-7-8; William T. Bowman, 1891-2-3-4; Edward E. Bruen, 1894; Richard Berry, 1894; Richard T.Crane, 1876; Charles Crane, 1863-65; George Condit, 1863 4-5-6-7 8-9; \V. S. Condit, 1873; Jotham H. Condit, 1873-4-5-6-7; Linus D. Condit, 1875-6-7-8,1880-1-2; A. P. Condit, 1884; John Coyne, 1877-8-9-80-1-2-3-4 ; Z. E. Carrington, 1874; Gardner R. Colby, 1874-5; Edward M. Cowdry, 1876; Richard Coyne, 1 88 5 -6-7-8-9-90- 1 ; Noah M. Calberson, 1886-7- 8-9-90; Ferdinand Coyne, Jr., 1893-4; Matthias M. Dodd, 1886-7-8; Amzi S. Dodd, 1871 ; L. L. Dodd. 1872-74; Israel L. Dodd, 1873-5-6-7, 1 883-4-5-6-7 ; Elias O. Doremus, 1863, 1884-5; E''jah Doremus. 1876-7-8, 1883; Abram J. Doremus, 1875; Frederick E. Daum, 1878-9-80-1; Josiah DeVVitt, 1866; Theodore A. Dates, 1894; George Dorer, 1894: Joseph W. Ellor, 1S92-3-4; Horace W. Fowler, 1S75-6; Julian C.Gregory, 1875-6-7-8; Daniel N.Gardner, 1875; Stephen Grimes, 1876; Aaron B. Harrison, 1863-4-5-6-7-8-9-70; Thomas Harrison, 1867-8; Caleb G. Harrison, 1871-2; Lewis D. Harrison. 1880; George E. P. Howard, chairman, 1SS9-90; Jotham Hedden, 1863-4-5-6, 1869-70; E. J. HaLstead, 1864-5-6, 1875-6-7; A. T. E. Hilton, 1S73; James Ilamni. 1877-8; Alfred Hubbins, 1S91-2; Samuel C. Jones, 1863-4-5, 1878-9-80-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8; Henry E. Jepson, 1890-1-2-3: Charles E. Joraiemon, 1892-3-4; William King, 1863-4-5; Austin M. Knight, 1871-2-3, 1878; Rev. F. E. Kenyon, 1866; Aaron Lyon. 1880 1 ; Robert Lane, 18S4; S. M. Long, 1873-4; Robert Lane, 1885-6-7; Francis Lang, 1892-3-4; Joseph L. Munn, 1863, 1867-8-9, 1880-I-2-3; Thompson C. .Munn, 1863, 1867-8-9, 1873-4-5: Alfred F. Munn, 1869-70, 1S75; Aaron P. Mitchell, 1864; Edward Meeker, 1873-4: Lucius McAdam, 1883-4-5-6-7; Francis A. Nott, 1889-90-1-2; Wallace Ougheltree. 1894; Henry Powles. 1874-5-6-7, 1886; John Ray, 1870; John W. Russell, 1872-3; John L. Roberts. 1881-2-3; John M. Randall. 1863. 1869; James E. Reynolds, 1873; Peter M. Reynolds, 1877, 1882; Abraham H. Ryan, 1 888-9-90- 1 -2 ; Daniel S. Rice, 1891-2-3; Matthias Soverell, 1864, 1872. 1882-3; William J. Sovercll, 1879-80; Samuel Seitz, 1873; John F. Smith, 1887-8-9-90; Wm. C. .Schmidt, 1891-3-4: Roderick M. Sanger, 1893; Walter Tompkins, 1869 70; Joseph P. Thompson, 1887-8; Thomas E. Vermilye, Jr., 1889, resigned 390 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 1S90; Moses H. Williams, 1863-4-5-6-7-S-9-70-1-2 : Aarmi Williams, 1864-5-6-7; George D.Wood- ruff, 1871 ; Martin B.Wallace, ii<79-8o-i-2 ; Philemon Woodiuff, 18S3-4-5; William H. Wiley, 1887- 8-9; David Wil.son, 1888-9 -90-1 ; Adolphus P. Young, 1871-2. The amended township charter enacted by the Legislature of 1894-5, went into effect in April, 1895. This enlarged the powers of the Township Committee, provides for a township President with executive and veto powers, making the office practic.dly equal to that of mayor of a cit\'. The following- named persons were the first to serve under the amended charter: Township President, Joseph B. Thompson; Township Committee — William C. Schmidt, chairman ; F.dward E. liruen, vice-chairman; Edwin R. Crippen, Joseph W. Ellor, Francis Lang, Edward P. Ailing, Ferdinand Coyne, Jr., Wallace Ougheltrec, Richard Berry, George Doran, William T. Bowman. The various departments of the township, together with the present incumbents — 1896-7 — are shown in the following list: Township President, Joseph P. Thompson. Township Committee — Williain C. Schmidt, chairman; Harry D. Miller, member-at-large ; F"irst ward, William Cardwell, William C.Schmidt; second ward, Edward L Condit, John H. Palmer; third ward, Edward E Bruen, Ferdinand Coyne, Jr.; fourth ward, Stephen W. Ougheltrec, Edward O. Stanley; fifth ward, George Dorer, Edwin R. Crippen. The Township Committee meets on second and fourth Monday evenings in eacii month. Township Committee rooms and office of Township President, Receiver of Taxes. Auditor, Township Engineer, Street and Sewer Commissioner and liuilding Inspector, Township Building, .Main Street. Clerk's office, 342 Main Street. Sinking I-"und Commissioners. — Daviil S. Walton, President; George W. P'ortmeyer, Joel W'. Hatt, William M. h'ranklin, William C. Schmitlt, Alonzo Durkee, clerk. Hoard of Health, composed of members of the Townshii) Committee and the Assessors. — William C. Schmidt, President; W. D. Mitchell, M. D., Secretary; Health Officers, William D. Mitchell, M. D., Health Physician; William T. Bowman, Health Inspector. Officers, 1896-7. — Township Clerk, Stephen M. Long; Counsel, J. F"rank Fort; Auditor, Alonzo Durkee; Receiver of Taxes, Louis McCloud ; Township Engineer, Street and Sewer Commissioner. William II. V. Reimer; Overseer of the Poor, John J. Moore; Township Physi- cian, Dr. W. D. Mitchell; Chief of Police, Henry Blaurock; Police Justice, George H. Elliot; Chief Engineer Fire Department, Samuel J. Blair; Building Inspector, William T. Bowman. Assessors. — First ward, Israel L. Dodd ; Second Ward, Philip C. Williams; Third Ward, Charles M. Matthews; fourth ward, Daniel C. Whitman, Jr.; fifth Ward, William V. Poucher. POLICE DEPARTMENT. The increase of crime naturalh- increases with the increase of population, necessitating fre([ueiit atUlitions to the police force. According to the report of the Township Com- mittee for 1895, the regular force consisted of a chief, three sergeants, two roundsmen, eighteen patrol- men, and five chancemen, making a total of twenty-nine men in all ; some five or six ha\-e been added since this report was made. This force would seem to be entirely inadequate to a population of nearly twenty thousand, but a more law-abiding people cannot be found in this or any other State in the Union, as is shown by the record of crime for 1895. It will be noted that three-fourths of the arrests were for drunkenness and disorderly conduct, and violation of township ordinances. The total number of arrests was 423, as follows: Atrocious assault and battery, 5 ; assault and battery, 24; grand larceny, 13 ; breaking, entering and stealing, 15 ; entering and stealing, 2 ; forgery, i ; false pretences, 3 ; drunken- ness and disorderly conduct, 250; violations of township ordinances, 66; cruelty to animals, i; sus- picion, 6; vagrancy, 12; bastardy, 3; desertion, 2; non-support, 2; insane, 9; as witnesses, 2. Of this number, 133 were fined, 50 discharged and 71 sentence suspended. The character of the men on the police force is shown in the fact that only two charges were preferred against members of the force for violation of rules and regulations of the department during the year. The Chief of Police, Henry Blau- rock, is a thorough disciplinarian, ami fearless in the discharge of his dut\-. He has been tried and never found wanting. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 391 FIRE DEPARTMENT. It was several years after I-last Orange became a separate township before the people felt the necessity for inakinj^ any special ])rovision for protection aj^ainst fire, and it was not iinlil one or two destructive fires occurred that any effort was made in this direction. ASHI.AM) HODK AND I.ADIH.K COMl'ANY \(). I, organized January 25, 1879. formed the nucleus of the East (Grange Fire Department. It was incorporated March S, 1879. It iiad a membersiiip of tweiit\-five, which comprised many of the leading people of the township and a sprinkling of old fire veterans. Mr. B. V. Everett was chosen I'oreman ; J. I*". Walsh, Assistant Foreman; S. M. Long. Secre- tary, and E. S. Atwood, Treasurer. The money for the purchase of a truck and other ajjparatus was raised entirely by subscription. The truck was stored and the place of meeting was in the first story of Williams' carpenter shop, No. 500 Main Street. .\ hose carriage and 1,000 feet of hose was ijurchased October i, 1SS2 ; manned by volunteers from the truck comjjany, and named Ashland Hose Company No. 1. The system of water supply was introduced about this time, and soon after the Ashland school building took fire, and was saved from destruction by the prompt action of the hose company, which received an abundant supply of water from the water works. Ashland Hook and Ladder Company No. I, and Hose Compain- No. i, were accepted by the towMiship, and became part and parcel of the East Orange Fire Department, June 1 1, 18S3. Each, however, was allowed to continue its organization as a volunteer company. The fine brick building on Main Street, between Ashland Avenue and North Clinton Street, was erected in 1886, at the cxijense of the township. It affords ample accommodations for both companies, and is also used as the headquarters of the Fire Department. All the apparatus of both companies, inchuling a new truck owned by Ashland Hook and Ladder Company, was purchased by the township in April, 1S87; all the expenses of the two companies, from 1S83 to 1887, were borne by the tow nship. The new brick building referred to, contains, in addition to the apparatus of the two companies, the Chief Engineer's gig. five iiorses, hose drying tower, two company rooms, bunk-room for five permanent men, and a bath-room. Tho:-e who have served as officers of Ashland Hook and Ladder Company since its organization are: Foreman, Peter V. Everett, 1879: C. E. Leveridge, 1880; Henr)- Mills, iSSoto 1889; E. J. Condit, 1S90 to 1892; S. J. Blair, 1893: John MuJler, 1894 to 1896; Secretary, S. M. Long, 1879; John Hamilton, 1880 to 1882; A. F. Munn, 1883 to 1890; O. M. Condit, 1891 to 1896; Treasurer, E. S. Atwood, 1879 to 1895. Ashland Hose ComI'ANV No. i. Organized by Ashland Hook and Ladder Company, accepted by the township June 11, 1883; housed in fire headquarters, on Main Street. Equipment, one hose wagon (carrying 1,000 feet of hose), two horses, one permanent man. The first Foreman elected by the company was J. R. Robinson. The present ofificers are: Foreman. William Shears; Assistant Fore- man, J. F. Mills; Secretary, E. J. Hageman. Eastern Hose Comi-anv No. 2. Organized and accepted by the township December 11, 1883; located in brick building, north side of Main Street, east of Grove Street. Equipment, one hose wagon (carrying 1 ,ooo feet of hose), two horses, one permanent man. Building contains company-room, bunk- room and bath-room. Fkankiin Hose Comiwnv No. 3. This company was organized and accepteti by the township April 14, 1884. It is located in the brick building corner Dodd Street and Brighton Avenue. Equip- ment, one hose wagon, 1,000 feet of hose, one horse, one permanent man. The interior accommoda- tions are the same as No. 2. I'kOSPECT Hose Company No. 4. This company was organized and accepted by the township May 24, 1886. It was located in a frame building on Prospect Street, north of Dodd Street. Its equip- ment consisted of one hose carriage, drawn by hand. The company was disbanded April 1. 1S95, and some of its members transferred to Franklin No. 3. El.MWOOD Hose Company No. S- This company was organized and accepted by the township September 12, 1887. It is located in the brick building corner of Elm wood Avenue and Clinton Street. 392 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges Equipment consists of one hose wagon, 1,000 feet of hose and one permanent man. The interior accom- modations are the same as those of No. 2. The first officers of the company were: Foreman, J. B. Lindsley ; Assistant Foreman, William Hetzel ; Secretary, H. Waters. Present officers: Foreman, L. Ohhnan ; Assistant Foreman, C. Hetzel; Secretary, C. B. D. Norwood. The East Orange Fire Department was organized in 1884. Henry Mills was appointed Chief Engineer, continuing until 1892; he was succeeded by Joseph D. Burchan, who filled the position for one year. The present incumbent, Samuel J. Blair, was appointed in 1894. The annual report of the Township Committee for 1895 shows the following condition of the Fire Department at tiiat time: The apparatus of the Department consists of one hook and latlder truck, four hose wagons antl one hose carriage. The department is under the command of one Chief Engineer and two Assistant Engineers. The active membership is 147, of which .\shlantl Hook aiul Ladder Com])any has 32 ; Ashland Hose Company No. i, 18; Eastern Hose Company No. 2, 24; Franklin Hose Comj^any No. 3, 22; Prospect Hose Company No. 4, 26; Elmwood Hose Company No. 5, 25. The disbanding of Prospect Hose Company No. 4 does not materi.illy diminish the force, as has already been stateil ; several members were transferred to Franklin No. 3. Eight permanent men are continually on dut\- under pa\-. During that year the department answered twenty bell alarms and six still alarms. The total losses by fire amounted to $3,145. WATER WORKS. The greatest improvement ever made in East Orange since it became a sepa- rate township was the establishment of the present system of water works. In 1867 the legislature granted a special charter to the Orange Water Company, allowing the construction of water ivorks and Hying of pipes through the streets of the city of Orange and adjoining townships. This charter, however, remained unused for thirteen years, until the summer of 1880, when the Citizens' Health Association, composed of members from all the Oranges, began to agitate the question of a water supply for all this district. I'requent meetings were held and a proposition was made by a private individual to sink wells and erect pumping works and furnish water ready for delivery into pipes for $125,000. This proposition was referred to a committee of prominent citizens who, finding the actual cost would be about $25,000, leaving §100,000 j^rofit to the constructor, or 400 per cent, on the invest- ment, reported adversely on the scheme and the matter was dro]iped for the time. In December, 1880, advertisements appeared giving notice of the opening of books for subscrip- tions for stock of the Orange Water Company, and to frustrate any speculative design, citizens of Orange and East Orange at once subscribed for 600 of the 1,000 shares of capital stock, securing control of the company. More stock was subsequently taken by the I^ast Orange residents, wlio now hold all of it. The large blocks of stock were afterwards offered to citizens of Orange and East Orange without reserve, in order that they might be directh- interested. The company was organized by the election of the following officers and directors: President, l'. M -Shepard : Vice-President, l)a\id N. Ropes; Treasurer, Joseph A. Minott ; Secretar\', (ieorge P. Kingslcj': Directors, V. X. Shepard, David N. Ropes, J. M. Randall. C. A. Lighthipe, J. A. Minott, Dr. William Pierson, J I,. .Munn. Steps were at once taken to perfect a i)lan for supplying Orange and East Orange with water. The valleys between the First and Second Mountains were surveyed, the flow of the stream toward Milburn ascertained during the dry summer of 1881 and the living springs were located. The plan [proposed by the company was to construct a storage reser\oir and take the water along a clean gravel bed of the stream to the Campbell pond, where some large springs come in, and from a reservoir at th.it point pump the water to a standpipe or basin at the top of the mountain, which would give ample supply and head for the highest points in Orange and East Orange. The water company hired Music Hall for a public meeting of the citizens of Orange and presented a proposal for furnishing water on a basis of hydrant rental. The meeting decided in favor of bonding the cit\- and constructing their own water works. The water company held valuable options for the purchase of huul and water rights in the mountain valley, and at the request of some citizens of Orange — the present Mayor Gill being one Thk Founders and Huildeus of the Oranges. 393 — to remove obstacles to the ininiediatc prosecution of the work in tlie city of Oran^jc, tr.insfcrreii these options without charge. The authorities of Orange allowed these options to expire and afterwards paid tlie owners of the property nearly twice as much. A similar proposal was then made to the citizens of East Orange, who favored it, and a contract was made between the township and the water company, December 1 1, i8Si, for ten years, which, with modifications, has been renewed for another term. The water company decided to use a supply to be obtained from the neighborhood of the Great Boiling Spring. This spring had never been known to fail, and in the original surveys formed the corner boundary of the township of Newark, Orange, Bloomfield and Belleville. Tjjree artesian wells were thiUcd, and as the sup[)ly of water pro\ed large, an open well of twenty-four feet diameter was excavated, followed by one of fifty feet diameter, another of one hundred feet diameter, then two wells of twenty-seven and one of fifty feet diameter, connected by an underground water gallery 700 feet lon<'. ten feet wide and twenty feet deep, also five atlditional artesi.m wells. .All the artesian wells have tiieir iron pipe casing driven into the rock, and the open wells and water gallery have walls of solid water- tight masonry built up from the bedrock, completely excluding surface water. These wells furnished a sup[)ly sufificient for the townshi[)s of East Orange and Bloomfield, but in 1894 the water comjjany, considering the rapid growth of the towns and their future wants, decided to separate their water supply and furnish Bloomfield with the Pequannock water, which left an ample supply for East Orange during the extreme drouth which occurred during the summer of 1894. The work at the wells, setting up the pum|)s and laying pipe in the street, began in the spring of 1882 and five months later, November [, 1882, a public exhibition showed sufificient head of water at the hydrants to throw strong streams over the highest building, and to the top of the Brick Church steeple. The pumping plant consists of three pumps, with a total capacity of 7,000,000 gallons per day, supplied with steam from five boilers, all of which can be operated separately or together. Ten miles of street mains were laid in 18S2, to which additions have been made every year, the total length of pi|)e in East Orange being more than forty miles. To protect the purity of the water the company purchased from tiine to time land surrounding the wells, until they own about 142 acres, a large part being kept as a park, with drives and footpaths, to which the public always have access. The waters were tested in 1882 by Prof. George H. Cook, State Cieologist, and he i)ronounced them "good, whole- V soine waters, fit for all household purposes: thej' are free from all organic matter." The)' have been tested se\er.d times since by competent chemists, who have pronounced them entirely free from all organic imi)urities. In fact. East Orange is conceded by all experts to have the finest water of any place in New Jersey and not excelled anywhere. The care of the water by covering the wells and constructing the water gallery has been approved by visitors from all countries, and not long ago a request was received from an engineer in Moscow, Russia, for a description of the plant, he having been in this country on a visit and had come to East Orange with some acquaintances and was shown the water works. There was no change in the Board of Directors from the date of the organization until after the death of Mr. Randall, in 1895. The present officers are: F. M. Shepard, President; Vernon L. Davey, Vice-President : J. A. Minott, Treasurer; F. M. Shepard, Jr., Secretar\- ; Directors, F. M. Shepard, J. A. Minott, Joseph L. Munn. J. T. Rockwell, Dr. William Pierson. Vernon L. Davey, Fred. M. Shepard, Jr. Col. Gkorck V. Oi.COTT, Superintendent of the water works, was born in New York City, June 16, 1850. He came witli his parents to Montclair about i860, and later to East Orange. His first knowledge of civil engineering was obtained as an employee of a railroad company. He was a member of the engineering corps which constructed the Passaic River dykes on the Newark meadows. On the completion of this work he became associated with W. H. \'. Reimer, civil engineer, continuing until 1S78. He then took up the special work of drainage antl sanitary engineering. He constructed the works of the Orange Water Company, and has been Superintendent of the company since 1S82. He has served four years as a member of the East Orange Board of Education. He represented his district 394 Till-: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. in the State Lc.<,nslatiirc in 1893, and was re-elected the followinfj year. During the hitter term he intro- duced and urged the passage of the Township School Act. Of this, Mr. Poland, in his school report for 1894, says: " The passage of the Olcott school bill of 1894 will stand for years to come as one of the epochs in the schcjol history of New Jersey." Col. Olcott served six years in the National Guard of New Jersey, and was made Quartermaster of Third Battalion in 1890, and in 1S94 was made Quarter- master-General with the rank of Colonel. He is a member of the Gatling Gun Armory Association of East Orange, and other local societies and organizations. He married Ella H. Condit, a native of East Orange, and has seven children. BANKS AND BANKING INSTITUTIONS. East Orange, while in no sense a manufacturing town, enjoys exceptional ad\-aiitages in its financial institutions. Prior to the year 1890, there was but one bank of discount in the entire section known as the Oranges. The necessity for increased banking facilities had for some time been felt, and an effort to interest the people of Orange in the organization of another bank had been made and failed, princi- pally for the reason that its proposed location would make it a direct competition for business with the old and well-established Orange National Bank. An effort to secure a charter for a State bank in East Orange had also been made, but for some reason the application was not favorably considered in Trenton. People's B.a.NK. In December, 1889, a few prominent residents of East Orange asked for a charter for the People's Bank of East Orange. The well-known character, standing and financial responsibility of the applicants, and the necessity for banking facilities in that township, the richest and, in many respects, the most important in the State, were acknowledged, and the charter was granted immediately. In February of the following year the new bank opened its doors for business at its present location, 533 Main Street, and from that time its success has been phenomenal. The necessity for a secure depositor)- for money, and the convenience of keeping a bank account, were soon recognized by the people living and doing business in the vicinity, and within a month the success of the new bank was placed beyond question. It has paid dividends almost from the beginning, and has accumulated a handsome reserve fund. No change has been made in the Board of Directors since its organization, which shows that the stockholders are satisfied with the manner in which their interests have been cared for. A large and magnificent building, of brick and stone, was erected near the site of the present bank building, in 1S96. This is one of the finest public buildings in the township, and reflects great credit on the managers of this institution. I'ollowing is a list of the officers and directors: William M.Franklin, President; Edv.ard P. Ailing, \'ice-President ; Abraham H. Ryan, Cashier; James B. Dill, Counsel; Frank O. Barstow, William C. Horn, Caton L. Decker, William W. Jacobus, David Bingham and Edward W. Ashley, Directors. The success of the People's Bank is due chiefly to the efforts of William Morris Franklin, whose residence here dates from the erection of East Orange as a separate township. He was the founder of the bank and has been its President from the date of its organization. Mr. Franklin was born in New \'ork Cit\-, but has resided in the Oranges since 1863. He is a descendant of Matthew Franklin, a quaker, who settled in New \'ork in 1665, the year following the capture of the city by the English. Mr. I'Vanklin has been well known in New York for many years as a member of the lithographing firm of Julius Bien & Co. He retained his interest in the compan\- after its incorporation and is still active in the business. In East Orange his influence has been felt and acknowledged upon many occa- sions. He is a warden of Grace Church and for twenty-two years has been a member of its vestry. He is President of the People's Bank, a director and chairm.in of the I-lxecutive Committee of the Sa\ings Investment and Trust Company, and a large stockiiolder in each institution. He is one of the commissioners of the sinking fund of East Orange, and 3Cti\e in e\x'rything that concerns the welfare of the township. He is \'ice-President of the Orange Athletic Club, a director of the Riding Club antl WILLIAM M. FRANKLIN. PRESIDENT OF PEOPLE'S BANK. Tin: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 395 a member of the Kssex County Club, the Grolicr Club, of New York, and the Newport Casino. Mr. FrankUn married the third dau^Miter of the late Israel Sheldon, who was a well-known citizen of Orant-c. and resides in Prospect Street, honored and respected by a veritable host of warm personal friends. Tin: S.\viN(;s Invkstment and Tklsi Comianv. Tliis company began business October 1. 1892, but even in its early career it was a fi.xture in the community. It has been very successful from the start, and its business is growing at a rate that augurs exceedingly well for its future. The company has a remarkably broad charter, is authorized to act as executor, administrator, trustee and guardian ; it receives deposits subject to sight drafts, issues certificates of deposit bearing interest, transacts a general banking and trust company business, and becomes security on bonds of executors, trustees, guardians, receivers, etc. There is also a department for savings. Deposits of §' a"tl upwards are received and intere.st allowed on deposits. The company, since its organization, has occupied a part of the People's Hank building, and on the completion of the new building, removed thence, where a large vault was built for a safe deposit department, provided with the best and all the latest improvements for this purpose. The high anil honorable character and great ability of the gentlemen who stand at the head of its affairs assure careful, conservative and successful operation, as will be seen at a glance from the following list of names: President, Abraham H. Ryan; Vice-President, James H. Dill; Treasurer, Edward P. Ailing; Secretary, Harry D. Miller; Directors, Edward P. Ailing, Edward W. Ashley, Frank O. Barstow, Charles Mathaway, Richard Coyne, Herbert J. Condit, Caton L. Decker, Henry (). Clark, James B. Dill, William M. Franklin, William H. Allen, Edward Green, William C. Horn, William W. Jacobus, John C. Kirtland, E. \'. Z. Lane, Frank H. La Pierre, Abraham H. Ryan, George Seabury, J. L. Seward, M. D., E. K. Silby, Hamilton Wallis and George N. Wilcox. Comment upon these names is hardly- necessary, they are so well known as representing the best business and professional talent of this localit)- and as gentlemen of means and influence, who have proven their capability to care for the monetary interests of others by the success that has attended the management of their own personal affairs. The state courts have recognized and endorsed the reliability of the company by sending it important receiverships, accepting its guarantees on the receivers' bonds in the Hurkhalter case, where §75,000 was involved, and in the still more important matter of H. M. Silverman Company, of Jersey City. Coming to East Orange for bonds and directing receivers to deposit their funds in the Trust Companj-, was not only highly complimentary to our home company, but an acknowledgment of the old adage that '• nothing succeeds like success," and to those who have had unprecedented success shall be given more and more confidence and trust. The affairs of this Savings Investment and Trust Company are under the management of Colonel Abraham H. Ryan, one of the incorporators and its first President, who has been a resident of Orange for the past sixteen years. He was born in New York City in 1837, removing to Illinois when a boy. On the first call to arms, in 1S61, he assisted in organizing Company A, Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was elected First Lieutenant, but was made Adjutant when the regiment was mustered into service. At Shiloh, as Adjutant of the Third Brigade, he commanded the brigade for several hours after its Colonel was mortally wounded, the only instance during the war of an officer of the rank of First Lieutenant commanding a brigade in a pitched battle. He was promoted to Captain for this service. In May, 1862, he was detailed as chief of staff by Brigadier-General Ross. After the fall of Vicksburg he was assigned to the staff of Major-General Steele, commanding the Army of Arkansas. February 10, 1864, he was mustered as Colonel of the Third Regiment, Arkansas Cavalry, and remained in this command until the close of the war. After peace was declared. Colonel Ryan went into business in Little Rock. Arkansas, and for several years was general manager of the Little Rock, Mississippi River and Ouchita Railroad. In 1873, while visiting Cape Cod. he saved the lives of two ladies and recovered the bodies of three others who had been drowned, and was presented by the citizens of Fal- mouth, Mass., with a gold medal, and by the Humane Society of Massachu.setts with the highest testi- monial medal. Colonel Ryan came to East Orange in 1880. He has served seven years as school 396 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. trustee and five years as member of the Township Committee. He is President of the Sa\ings Invest- ment and Trust Company, cashier of the People's Bank, and ex-President of the Orange Art .Associa- tion. " The Colonel," as he is familiarly called, is known throughout the Oranges for his goodness of heart and the flawless integrity of his life. Socially, he is well-known and everywhere cordially wel- comed. At the clubs he is as popular with the \-oung men as with the elders. It is truly saitl that to the universal esteem and honor in which the cashier of the People's Bank is held, is due largely the suc- cess of the bank. No man in the Oranges has more thoroughly the honest respect and hearty friend- .ship of the entire community than Colonel Ryan. R.VST Orange National Bank. The organization of a bank in that section of East Orange known as the Junction was justified by the constant demands of the people living in this locality for more convenient banking facilities, and the gentlemen who believed the time was ripe for a new enter- prise of this kind were justified in their conclusions, as shown b\' the result of the four years' business of this bank. The first meeting to consider the advisability of organizing a bank to be located in the neighborhood of Arlington Avenue and Main Street, was held in May, 1892, at the residence of Hon. J. Frank Fort. There were present at this meeting, John C. Cassidy, James J. Blackman, Orlaiuio E. Conf a |)olitical party, but as one of the best family papers in the State. CnARLi;s .Starr, the editor of the Gazette, is a native of Cincinnati. Ohio; born .\pril 19, 1855. He is the son of Edgar P. and Lucy M. (Jackson) Starr, of New York, and a direct descendant of Com- fort .Starr, of Boston, who had a son and grandson named Comfort. A descendant of these. General Comfort .Starr, was a distinguished officer of the Connecticut Line, in the War of the Revolution. Most of the descendants of the first Comfort Starr resitieii in Connecticut. Charles Starr came East \\ith his parents when he was nine years of age. and since then has been a resident of Orange. He recei\ed his education at the public and private schools of the city. He left school at the age of fifteen and spent four years at surveying, in the office of Mead & Taylor. He began his journalistic experience in the office of the Orange Clironielc, as reporter, book-keeper and finally as local editor. He had an experience of seven years in this line of work, and when, in the spring of 1882, he decided to undertake the publication of the Gazette, he was well-fitted and thoroughly equipped for such an undertaking. Although the paper is the recognized organ of the Republican party, Mr. Starr has conducted it in such a manner as to win the confidence of the people without regard to party differences. Upright, honest and fearless in the discharge of his duties to the public as a journalist, he never oversteps the bounds of propriety by personal attacks on the individual, whatever may be the cause of grievance, but presents his facts in a clear, concise and forcible manner, leaving it for his readers to " hear and determine." He devotes his whole time to his journalistic labors, leaving others to manage the political affairs of the township. As a man he is courteous, kind and agreeable, and equally accessible to rich or poor. He is interested in the various benevolent organizations of the Oranges, in some of which he has borne a con- spicuous part. He is Past Regent of Longfellow Council, No. 675, Royal .\rcanum ; Past Commander of Arlington Council, American Legion of Honor; Past Dictator of Garfield Lodge, Knights of Honor; 398 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Past .\rchon, in East Orange Conclave, Improved Order of Heptosophs. He is also a member of Hope Lodge, F. & A. M., of East Orange; of Plato Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and other fraternal organiza- tions. Mr. Starr married, October 20, 1880, Minnie E. Smith, daughter of Caleb A. and Marj' J. (Munn) Smith. She died December 4, 1891, leaving one child, Charles Edgar. On September 10, 1896, Mr. Starr again married, his wife being Jean Tamczen Slee, daughter of Matthew Henry and Miranda Calde- cott Slee, of Auburn, N. Y. EDUCATIONAL. The public schools of East Orange will compare favorably with those of any township in the State. For the superior educational advantages, which the present system provides, great credit is due to Joseph L. Munn, President of the Board of Education, who has devoted the best years of his life to this purpose. In this he has had the hearty and liberal support of the people, and in the change from the old to the new system and the increased facilities provided from year to yeav to meet the demands of the increasing population, there has been little or no opposition. When East Orange was erected as a separate township, the boundaries of the three school districts which then existed were described in Section 6 of the act of the Legislature erecting the township, as follows: "' Ami be it cnactcii. That the territory in the township of East Orange shall be composed and divided into three school districts, as follows: All the territorj- lying east of tlie centre of Cherry Street, from the Hloomfield line to Main Street, and from the said point on Main Street to the east side of the town farm on the South Orange line, shall be the Eastern school district ; all the territory lying north of a line drawn from the junction of Cherry Street and the Bloomfield line to the junction of Park and Washington Streets, and on through the centre of Park Street to the line between the town of Orange and the township of East Orange, shall be the Franklin school district; all the remaining territory in said town shall be the Ashland school district : and the said districts shall hold elections for school trustees in their respective school districts according to the provisions of the general school law, on the first Monday in April, at the usual hour." The division of these school districts corresponded \ery nearl\- with the neighborhood organizations that existed before an\- systematic organization was effected and the subsequent divisions under the old school law. An act passed by the Legislature of New Jersey, November 27, 1794, and entitled "An Act to Incorporate Societies for the Promotion of Learning," furnished the occasion and provided the means for the organization of the first schools of a public character. Three school-houses were built within the bounds of what is now East Orange townshii)— one called the Eastern School-house, in the district which bore that name, another called the White School-house, located at Brick Church, in what was later known as the Ashland district, and another known as Doddtown School-house, in what was subsequently known as Franklin school district. The original book of minutes relating to the Eastern district shows that the money to buy the lot and build the school-house was raised by a number of small subscriptions, the subscribers becoming stockholders. In addition to the names of all the old families living in the vicinity, the subscription list shows also the names of several eminent citizens of Newark — F"relinghy.sen, Pennington, Whitehead and others. The government was vested in a board of seven trustees chosen at the annual meeting of the stockholders. The trustees held title to property and managed all affairs of the school. These schools were small and had but one teacher. They served a very good purpose until the organization of school districts under the general free .school law. Mr. Vernon L. Davey, the present School Superintendent for East Orange, in his annual report for 1893, gives a brief history of the schools of the township up to that time, showing the gradual tlevelop- ment from the old to the new system. He says : " Prior to 1889 the township contained three districts, in each of which was a substantial brick school-house varying in size from eight rooms to fifteen rooms, and one of which contained a branch school in a four room brick building. As the rapidly-increasing school population had filled the buildings of the two larger districts, the question of additional build- ings became an important one and was discussed in the school meetings of the different districts in March, 1889. The time was ripe for action, and by common consent, with hardly a dissenting voice, the TiiK Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 399 consolidation of the three districts into a new district, including; the entire township, was effected. The new district took possession of all the school properties and assumed all indebtedness, bonded or other- wise. A Hoard of Education, consisting of eight members, was appointed in accordance with the statute providing that there shall be two members from each ward. This board recommended to the Township Committee the erection of a central High School building. An appropriation of $i20.' complete throughout. LODGES, ETC. Hope LoDi;e, No. 124, F. & A. M. This lodge has passed its first quarter of a century with a strong membership. It was organized under dispensation, July 22, 1871, with twenty-four charter members, and began work in the old school-house on Main Street, nearly opposite the present Eastern District Public School. The first officers elected under dispensation were: Thomas W. Topham, W. M.; N. G. Baldwin, S. W.; C. F. R. Moore, J. W.; George Booth, Treasurer; John D. Toppin, Secretary; Charles B. Day, S. D.; A. E. Hedden, J D.; Jjiliu..ILjrxustlen, S. M. C; II. A. Hottewroth. J. M. C: H. C. Willis, Tyler. The lodge was regularly constituted I'ebruary 5, 1872, and held its first communi- cation in the new Eastern District Public School-house. The first officers elected under the charter were: George W. F"ortmeyer, W. M.; C. W. Anderson, S. VV.; Charles B. Day, J. \\'.; George Booth, Treasurer; D. M. Logan, Secretary; N. G. Baldwin, S. D.; A. E. Hedden, J. D.; Oliver Libby. S. M. C: E. S. Paucher, J. M. C; Richard Libby, Chaplain ; H. C. Willis, Tyler. The present membership of the lodge is between one hundred and twenty to thirty. Of this number are the following Past Masters: George Booth, A. B. Williams, H. E. Jepson, James A. Selvey, C. H. Gillespie, Jr., J. H. Bird, I. C. Cassidy, E. B. Gillbard, Louis McCloud, William B. Arnold, M. D. The present officers are: Robert D. Merrill, W. M.; Alonzo Durkee, S. \V.; Wm. C. Mcllvainc, J. W.; W. J. C. Cassidy, Treasurer; F"rank R. Wickes, Secretary; George T. Boggs, S. D.; F'ranklin Webster, J. D. The regular communi- cations are held on the first and third Wednesday evenings of each month. East Oraxce Lodge, No. 242, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted March 24, 1S94. [No further information could be obtained. — Ed.| East Oran(;e Division, No. 184, Sons ok TKMrKRANCE, was organized March 22, 18S0, in Kut- cher's Hall, 191 North Park Street, East Orange, with thirteen charter members. Its first officers were: George Kutcher. VV. P.; George Sutphcn, R. S.; Joseph Murtha, A. R. S.; Charles Smith. !•". S.; Caleb Riker, Treasurer; Rev. J. H. Marr, Chaplain; W. L. Soverell, Com.; David D. Sutphen, A. C; John Gamble, I. S.; John I'lsher. O. S. The present officers are: James Lowney. W. P.; Frederick Hick- bohm, W. A.; Frank Cullen, R. S.; Ray Winner, A. R. S.; Walter E. Oakley, F. S.; George Kutcher, Treasurer; Wm. Morrow, Chaplain ; George Smith, Conductor; Samuel Dope, Ass't Conductor; Charles Arlis, I. S.; H. E. Williams, O. S.; Mrs. Maynes Potter, Supt. Young People's Work; May Tyler, I'. W. ]'. Akitnc;ton Councii., No. 626, Amekuan Lecion ok Honok. was organized May 13, 1S85, with the following charter members: S. M. Long, J. J. Moore, J. H. (iedney. George Purdue, W. H. Nichols. Richard Purdue, H. J. Richey, S. B Stewart, W. D. Robinson, M. !).. W. Kean, Jr.. J. Thompson. L. D. Gallison, Charles Starr, A. O. Lunischloss, J. D. Otis. The first officers of the council were: S. M. Long, Past Commander; L. D. Gallison, Commander; A. O. Lunischloss, Secretary; John Thompson, Collector; J. D. Otis, Treasurer. 402 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. The East Okan(;k Imi'Ivf..MEN r Society, which was organized by Gardner R. Colby, Samuel C. Burdick, George W. Fortmeyer and other prominent citizens about 1880, and has proved itself to be a power in the township. Its main object was to suppress any nuisance wi)ich might have gained a foothold in this residential section and to carefully guard against the inroads of any objectional enter- prise. It has always worked in harmony witli the town authorities, and it not only abated existing nuisances but caused many improvements, such as the admirable sewer system, the planting of shade trees, macadamizing the roads, etc., etc. The society is composed of the best citizens of East Orange, with George W. Fortmeyer, President; Hamilton Wallis, Vice-President; Everett Mills, Secretary; and D. S. Walton, President .Sinking Fund Commission. It stands ready at all times to support the Township Committee in furthering improvements, and inaugurates measures tending to add to the beauty of the section. It has a Committee on Public Welfare, which has the machinery to push and engineer new projects for the welfare of the people. It has proposed amendments to the charter, whereby the community may secure a president or mayor, with executive and veto powers, without incurring the expense of a city government. The society has now a membership of 250, is absolutely non-partisan and \'et extremely active on all public questions affecting the public in general. It was organized to make sure that East Orange should be a model residential section, and now that they have secured that fact, they are determined to watch over and perpetuate the present satisfactory condition of affairs. PROMINENT FA:\IILIES AND UKArTlFlT. HOMES. The following list comprises only a part of those who have been prominent as Builders in East Orange, but the difficulty of obtaining data of many others is the principal reason for their omission. Only a few of the large number of beautiful residences have been selected in order to show the stj'le of architecture of the present and past. Otliers were omitted because photos could not be obtained. THE DOREMUS FAHILY. Line of descent fronn Cornelius Dorennus, 160O. Cornelius Doremus, the ancestor of the Doremus family in this country, came from Holland about 1690, and settled at or near Acquackanonck (now Passaic), New Jersey. He was a large land owner. An Indian deed, of the Uuck Purchase, dated .Ma\- 16, 1703, of a large tract of land lying along the Passaic River, has his name attached as a witness, the conveyance being made by twelve Indians, prob- ably of the Hackensack tribe of Lenni Lenapes. The name of his wife is not known. His chiklren were: Johannes, born at Middlebury, Holland, about 1687; Thomas, born at Acquackanonck about 1690; Cornelius, born 1692; Ilendrick, born 1695, and Joris, born about 1697. Thomas Doremus, son of Cornelius, born at Acquackanonck about 1690, resided at Wesel, N. J.; married October 4, 1712, Anneke .Abrahamse Ackerman, born at Hackensack. N. J. He hatl fi\-e child- ren: Coriulius, born 1715; Goline, of Jacksonville, baptized November 14, 1720; Abraham, of Cedar Grove, born about 1722 ; Peter, of Cedar Grove, born about 1725 ; Johannes, born about 1726; Anneke, baptized May 5, 1756. Cornelius Doremus, son of Thomas and Anneke Abrahamse (Ackerman) Doremus, born April 4, 1715, lived at Doremustown, N. J. He married, about 1738, Antje ^'oung, and had ten children, viz.: Hendricus, of Wesel, N. J., baptized March 3, 1739, (married, Sept. 25, 1760, Margaret \'an Winkle); Thomas, born April, 1741, (great-grandfather of Prof. R. Ogden Doremus, of New York); Peter, of Slottcrdam, N. J., baptized June 8, 1744; Maritji, baptized May 17, 1746, (married Bartholomew Dodd, of Beaverstown) ; Johannes, of Doremustown, born about 1749, died 1821, hotel-keeper; Jannetji, bap- tized 1754; Susanna, born 1756; Alitta, born about 1758. Peter Doremus, son of Cornelius and Antje (Young) Doremus, was born at Slotterdam, N. J.. June, 1744. He married Polly Dey, and had issue: Jacob, Richard, Cornelius, Peter and two daugliters, one of whom married Henry Perry; the other married J. Speer. ELIAS O. DOREMUS. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 403 Cornelius Doromus, son of Peter ami I'olly (Ucy) Dorenius, was born near Hcavcrstown, N. J., Feb. 17, 1787. He married Jane Dellart, anil had issue: Peter Cornelius, John Cornelius and several ilaiit;hters. IV'ter Cornelius Doremus, son of Cornelius and Jane (Dellart) Dorenius, was born April, 1807. and died June 30, i86g. He married Julia A. Osborn, daughter of John 11. Osborn, born at Hloomfitld, N. J., 1770. I Id mother was the daughter of Zophar Haldwin, born February 9, 1740; served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was the son of David Haldwin, son of Hcnja- min, son of Joseph, son of John Baldwin, Senior, the New Jersey ancestor who signed the Fundamental Agreement, i'eter C. Doremus came to Orange in 1829, and located near tiie present corner of Main and Harrison Streets, and the following year soKl that property and bought ten acres of ground near Prospect and Clinton Streets. He lived there until 1S50, when he purchased what was later known as the Candler [jroperty, on Harrison Street, from which he moved to William Street, where he built the house in whicii he died in 1869. His children were: Mary Cook, born May 3, 1833, died August 17, 1873 : she marrietl Charles Clark, and left one surviving child, (leorge Rishop Clark. Julia A. Dore- inus, the third child of Peter C, was born December 5, 1845, died March 10, 1S81 ; she married David J. Rogers, and left two surviving children. Leslie D. and Pldward. The eldest child of Peter C. was EI ids OsIhu'ii. Elias Osborn Doremus. son of Peter Cornelius and Julia A. (Osborn) Doremus, was born at Orange, X. J.. January 17, 1S31. lie was educated at the i)ublic school in Orarige, and afterwards worked for some years with his father, a leading carpenter and builder of his day. He succeeded his father in the business, which he carried on successfully, under the firm name of Jones & Doremus, for about twenty-five years. This was the largest building firm in the Oranges, they having erected some of the finest buildings in this locality. In the year 1865 Mr. Doremus, to- gether with Moses H. Williams and Samuel W. Baldwin, purchased some forty acres, extending from Wash- ington Street to Arlington Avenue, in East Orange. William Street, extending from Washington .Street, was opened through this property to North Clinton Street, and North Clinton Street to .Summit Street, and Summit Street to Arlington Avenue; also Walnut Street was extended from William Street to Sumnn't Street; Lincoln Street was opened from William Street to Carleton Street. The opening of these streets gave a great impetus to build- ing operations in East Orange, and marked an era from which the great pro.sperity and growth of the town may properly be dated. Ill 1872 Mr. Doremus was nominated by the Republicans to represent the .Second Assembly Dis- trict in the Legislature of this State, and was elected by a large majority over his Democratic opponent. He was re-elected in 1873, and was made chairman of the Ways and Means Committee; also chairman of the Committee on Education, and also served as a member of other important committees. It was at this session of the Legislature that the Compulsory Education bill and the General Railway law were KKSIDENCE OK EI.TAS OSBORN DOREMUS. 404 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. passed, which received tlie earnest support of Mr. Doreiiuis. Other important bills were enacted at this session to which ^Ir. Dorenius lent material aid, and his whole course met "aith the hearty approwil of his constituents. Mr. Uoremus lias filled various otlier important positions in tlie county and township. He represented East Orange in the Essex County Board of Freeholders for seventeen consecutive years, the last seven of which he was the President of this Board. In 1876 he was made a director of the American Fire Insurance Company of Newark, and in 1S81 was elected its Vice-President, and has since given his entire attention to the duties of this office. He was a director in the Orange National Bank for about twenty years, and was also a director in the Orange Savings Bank. He is a director in the U. S. Industrial Insurance Company of Newark, of the City National Bank, a member of the Newark Board of Trade, of the New Jersey Historical Society, of the New Eno-land Society of Orange, and the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, and one of the Board of Managers of that association. He has long been a worthy and honored member of the Masonic Fraternity. He was raised in Union Lodge, F. & A. M., in 1852, and later assisted in organiz- ing Corinthian Lod^e, of Orange, of which he was a charter member. He is a member of Orange Chapter, R. A. M., also of Damascus Commandery, No. 5, K. T., of Newark. Mr. Doremus married Harriet, daughter of William Peck, son of James, who was the son of David, son of Joseph (3), son of Joseph (2), the Newark ancestor of the Peck family, son of Joseph Peck (1), who signed the Fundamental Agreement at New Haven in 1639. The issue of Mr. Doremus" marriage with Harriet Peck was: Emily, born 1858, died 1867: Fannie, married George F. Bassett, who died May 20, 1891 ; Frederick Halsey, a merchant of New York and a member of the firm of George F. Bas- sett & Co., importers and dealers in crockery and china. Edwin Patterson, the youngest son of Mr. Doremus, died May 24, 1895. He was a young man of high promise, just entering on a prosperous career. His untimely death was a shock, as well as a great bereavement to his father, family, and a large circle of friends. THE HATT FAMILY. This family has been identified with what is now the township of l-'.ast Orange for mure than half a century, and while it has no special claims to remote ancestry, it has made for itself an honorable record, and every member so far as is known, has lived an exemplary Christian life and sought to make the world better. John Hatt was the first member of this family to settle in East Orange. He was born in Reading, Berkshire County, England, and emigrated to this country in 1831 as the head of a little colony of seventeen persons, his son Joel having preceded him one year. John, the father, was a man greatly beloved in his own country, and a man of great influence in the community where he resided. The little colony which came with him to this country had frequent meetings at his house, and his ad\ice and counsel was sought on all occasions, and after he settled in East Orange he was still looked up to by his neighbors and was the leader of the first religious movement in this locality, and became the real founder of the First Baptist Church, of East Orange. His house was the centre for the gathering of the religious eUnient in the community, ami he li\ed to see the full fruitimi of his hopes in the completion of the little church for which he toiled and labored up to the d.iy of his death. He was the first deacon of the church, and during the first two or three years frequently supplied the pulpit, lia\-ing been regulaiiy ordaineil as a Baptist preacher in the old cuuntr)-. lie married, in England, Ann Church, and had issue, /cc/, George, .Ann. Mary, I'hebe, William. Josiah. JOKI, II ATT, eldest son of John and Ann (Church 1 Hatt, was born at Reading, Berkshire County, England. He learned the trade of boot and shoe-making, and desiring to better his condition, came to this country in 1831 and settled first in Williamsburg and afterwards in New York City. lie induced his parents and other members of the family to come over, and they followed a ye.ir later and .settled in East Orange. Joel sub.scquently joined his parents and continued to resitle in I-^ast Orange until his death. He worked at his trade as a boot and shoe-maker and had the reputation of doing the best work of any one in his line of trade in this locality. He was poor in this world's goods, but rich in heavenly treasures. He exemplified the teachings of his blessed Master in his daily walk and conver.sa- TiiK Founders and Builders of the Okant.ks. ■105 tion, ami thus left to his chikiren a richer legacy than ^'old and silver >>r iiuuses and lands. I'rubably tiic happiest day of his life was when he saw the coni|)leti<)n of the modest little Bai)tist church for which he had toiled and struggled, practicing the most rigid economy and self-denial, in order that he might establish at this home of his adoption a religious home for his children. Joel Uatt married, in Reading, England, Rachel Wells. They had an adopted child, Annie, whom they brought from England. Rachel, born in England, married Rev. W. I). Hedden, D. D.; Mary, born in New York City, married Henry Tichenor, of Binghampton, N. V.; John H., born in New York, married Julia Clarkson ; /('(•/ /I'c/A-, born in East Orange; Sarah .\., born in East Oran-^e, married Frederick M. Untietit ; Josiah Henry, dietl in 1838. JoKL Wei.I.s Matt, fourth child of John and Rachel (Wells) Matt, was born in I-:a.st Orange, June 16, 1837, the same day that gave birth to the First Baptist Church, of Orange. His early education was obtained at the little school kept by Miss Julia Ball; he also attended three terms — about nine months — at a Mr. Chittenden's. With this amount of "book learning," he began at the age of nine years to earn his own living. He worked for a time with his father and engaged in various other occu- pations until 1854, when he obtained a position as clerk in the dry goods house of Henry S. Ward and Thomas C. Chandler, of Newark, where he remained until after the breaking out of the war. In 1862 he enlisted for nine months in Company K, Twenty sixth N. J. Volun- teers. This was attached to the Second Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Army Corps, then under the command of Gen. .Sedgwick. He entered the army as private, was promoted to corporal and later to that of sergeant. Although in active service less than a year he saw h irtler fighting than many who passed through a three years' term He was in the terrible engagements in and around Fredericksburg, of November 9 and December 1 1 to 16, 1862, in which both armies suffered severe loss. He was also in the battle of Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. After the expiration of his term of enlistment he remained with the army as sutler for fifteen months and was witii Sherman's army in front of Atlanta. He returned home in 1,864 •^'i'^' resumed his old vocation witii the firm of Marvin Dodd & Co., Newark, continuing until August 27, 1867. Having married the daughter of William King, of East C)range, he bec.ime associated with him in the lumber business, August 28, 1867. On the death of the latter, in 1S82, Mr. Hatt ^""- "'''■ succeeded him and continued under the old firm name until October i, 1886, when he purchased the entire business which he has since carried on in his own name. Mr. Hatt assisted in organizing the Lumbermen's Protective Association, in 1885, and became its 4o6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges first President. His chief interest outside of his business affairs has centered in tlie Grand Army of the Republic. To meet his old comrades around the camp-fire and with them fight their battles o'er and o'er has been to him a delightful pastime, and many an unfortunate veteran has had his heart gladdened and the " wolf " driven from the door by the timely assistance rendered by Comrade Hatt. Mr. Hatt was one of the early members of Uzal Uodd Post, No. 12, G. A. R., of Orange, and was its Commander in 1888. He was commissioned Ass't Inspector-General of the Department of New Jersey by Com- mander-in-Chief R. A. Alger, in 1889. He has been a delegate to the several National Encampments held at Milwaukee, Boston, Indianapolis and Pittsburg. He is a member of the Society of the Army of the Potomac, with which he first received his "baptism of fire," ami his personal record during the campaign of 1862-3 is one of which any man may justly feel proud. In the First Baptist Church of Orange, later of East Orange, Mr. Hatt has continued the good work begun and carried on by his father, and has been one of its .strongest financial props, as well as taking a deep interest in its spiritual growth and prosperity. Mr. Hatt inherits from his ancestors those strong characteristics that have marked each successive generation, viz.: Loyalty to the truth, unflinching integrity, and uncompromising honesty. With a gentleness of disposition and kindness of heart, char- acteristic of his father and mother, he has the courage of his convictions, and nothing can swerve him either to the right or left in a course he has once marked out for himself. He has earnestly supported the principles of the Republican i)arty and contributed to its success. He has been fortunate in busi- ness, and nothing is more gratifying to him than the opportunity to help those in need, and to carry forward established benevolent projects. By his wife, Henrietta S. King, the daughter of his former partner, he has one child, Rachel M. His beautiful home on Grove Street is one of the attractive features of East Orange, and is a model of comfort and convenience. This is the old homestead of William King, his father-in-law, and is the identical spot where the first meeting was held for the organ- ization of the Baptist Cluuch. THE HALSTED FAMILY. Xlne Pioneer Builder of the Oranges. That a native of East New Jersey and a descendant of an adjoining town should become the first Builder of the Oranges, is a cause for congratulation b\- the native population. To the efforts of Matthias O. Halsted is due the woiulciful growth of East Orange. He laid the foundation and gave it its first impetus. Little is known of the early history of the Halsted family. Jonas, Timothy and Joseph Halsted are found at Jamaca, L. L, as early as 1656-7. Timothy Halsted was the ancestor of the New Jersey family of this name. Timothy Halsted, Jr., son of Timoth}- (i), was taxed on seventy-eight acres of land at Hempstead, in 1685. He probably sold his land and removed to New Jersey the same year, as appears by the fol- lowing affidavit: "The testimony of Tinioth\- Holstead, of Hempstead, in Oueens County, | L. I.], who declareth y" yf purcha.scrs of Affter Kull,(viz.): Daniel Denton, John Baylus and Luke Watson, did admit off myselff and my brother alsoe, vpon y<= disbursement off ffour pounds a peece in bever pay to be Associates w' y'" in \'' purchase in case wee liked, which money we disbursed ffor Indean trade which say'^ Indean goods went to y= purchase of y"^ s^ land at Affter Kull, at y= request of y'= affores<* purchasers, we desliking y= place vpon a run off it. And they imaging we should be pay^^ ffor our goods and wee acknowledge y' wee Received satisfaction off Dan' Denton affors"' , one of y« purchasers, the whole sum pay'' by selff and brother, was fTour pounds a peece and two and sixpence. Sworn before vs y« i/'ii of Novem^ 1685. Klias Doughty, Richard Cornwell, Justices in Quorem." Timothy Hal- sted, Jr., had a son, Caleb ; the latter had a son Caleb, who also had a son, Caleb Halsted, born in 1741. The last Caleb married Rebecca Ogden, and had a son, Robert. Robert Halsted, M. D., .son of Caleb (3; and Rebecca (Ogden) Halsted, was born in Elizabeth, N. J., September 13, 1746. He was a leading and fearless citizen in the gloomy days of tiie Revolution. On one occasion a renegade T(>r\- informed against him as a rebel and an artient upholder of rebellion. TllK FoUNnKKS AND BUILDERS OK TIIK ORANGES. 407 aiul he was tciiiixnai ily Iodised in tlic old Sugar House on Liberty Street, New York, where he sufTered great hardship, lie was released finally through the inlluencc of friends. On another occasion he saved the life of Col. Aaron Ogdcn, who had been seriously wounded by the Hessians, while out alone on military rcconnoissance. He was a physician of note. His younger brother, Caleb, was also an eminent physician. On July 25. 1825, the latter, while confined to his house by illness, received a visit from General Lafayette, and he had the pleasure of entertaining that .son of France. Caleb Halsted. Jr.. was for a long time Mayor of the borough of FJizabeth. Robert Halsted, M. D., married, first, Mary Wiley; second, Mary Mills. He had children, of whom Matthias Ogdcii was the fourth. Maitiiias Ocdkn Halsted, fourth son of Dr. Robert and Mary (Mills) Halsted, was born in Elizabeth, N. J., July 12, 1792. He was graduated at Princeton College and studied law with Matthias Ogden, of Elizabeth Town, N. J. He settled at Belvidere, N. J., where he practiced law for some years and was Surrogate of Warren County. He made many warm friends and was held in high estimation throughout that district of New Jersey. He subsecpiently relintpiished the practice of law and entered, as partner, the mercantile house of Halsted, Haines & Co., New York City, which in his day was one of the largest and most successful dry goods firms in the countrj-. Among their customers was Amos W. Cundit, of East Orange, who failed, owing the firm a large balance. He offered his farm — lOO acres — and the homestead fronting on Main Street in liquidation of the debt. Mr. Halsted assumed the debt on his own account and took the farm in pa^'ment. He removed to East Orange about 1838, and in 1840 built the large elegant mansion with Corinthian pillars now occupied by Mr. Hawkesworth, who married a granddaughter of Mr. Halsteil. The building attracted great attention at the time as there was nothing like it in this part of New Jersey. The farm which he purchased was known as the Gruett farm. It lay between what is now Halsted Street, and Clinton Avenue, with a frontage on Main Street and extending in a southerly direction nearly to the South Orange line. He subsequently bought thirty acres on Harrison Street, adjoining his original purchase. All this he laid out into large building plots. He erected homes for his two daughters and built other houses which he sold to his New York friends and induced them to settle here. When he began operations there was but one train each way on the D. L. & W. R. R. The morning train took him and the evening train let him off, both stopping near his residence for his /W/i'/V/zw/ accommodation. He soon provided better facilities. He erected a depot on the site of the present Brick Church station at his own expense, placed a man and wife in charge, and conveyed the property to the railroad company //-(r f Providence, R. I. They had among other children a son, Josr/>/t. Joseph Sheldon, son of Nicholas and Abigail ( Tillinghast) Sheldon, was born in Pautuxet, in 1698. He is said to have married Mary Greene and had a son, Christopher. Christopher Sheldon, son of Joseph and Mary (Greene) Sheldon, was born in Pautuxet, February 22, 1732 He married Rosannah Arnold in 1752. They had issue, Rimiii^^toit and other children. The Sheldon's inherited and owned much property and were conspicuous in the affairs of the town. Remington Sheldon, son of Christopher and Rosannah (Arnold) Sheldon, was born August 22, 1753. He married Huldah, daughter of Stephen Greene and Mary Rhodes, his wife. Among other children they had a son, Israel. Israel Sheldon, son of Remington and Huldah (Greene) Sheldon, was born at Pautuxet, R. 1., March 22, 1797. F"rom his boyhood he seems to have had a fondness for study and work, and applied himself with remarkable energy and diligence. The old Academy at Woodstock, Conn., which he attended, was among the best in New England. He had for a classmate the father of Gen. McClellan, and some of the leading men of the country point with pride to this as their alma mater. Young Shel- don swung loose from his moorings and started on an independent career, assuming all the responsibilities of a full}- developed manhood at an age when most boys are in the full enjoy- ment of childhood's sports. At the age of fourteen he went a long distance from home, as it was considered at tliat time, and obtained a clerkship with S. B & A. B. Arnold, at Wilmington, N. C , who were at that time largely engaged in a commission and export trade with the West Indies. After an experi- ence of two years in the business, being then but seventeen years of age, he made a voyage to the Windward Islands with a mixed cargo, he being supercargo and part owner of the vessel. He disposed of his cargo at a good profit, and came home with a good freight in return. For three years he traded between the West India Islands and North Carolina. At the age of nineteen he went on a voyage to the Spanish main, with a vessel and cargo, sailing from St. Pierre, Martinique. In attempting to reach Augustura his vessel was thrice captured by different parties then at war, the .second capture costing the lives of over two hundred men in the fight for the possession of the prize. Young Sheldon conducted himself with great coolness and bravery amid these perilous .scenes, and there is little doubt that had he been in command of a war ves- sel instead of a merchantman, his antagonists would have suffered defeat. The vessel and cargo were finally seized by the naval force under General Bolivar and condemned. Mr. Sheldon and his crew were kept close prisoners for four months. Our Government demanded an apology and payment for the loss sustained by the owners, and Commodore Perry successfully arranged the matter to the .satisfaction of all parties concerned. There was a sad termination of the affair, however, for Perry, while descendin• a number of descendants in the Oranges. Dorcas Wallace Sheldon, daughter of Israel and Hetty Wallace Sheldon, married Robert W. Aborn, and had five children. Josephine Wallace, the eldest of these, mar- ried Stevens Hogan, who died, leaving two children, Margaret and William Strong. The second child of Mr. and Mrs. Aborn was Mary U., who married William I,. .Strong, the present Mayor of New York City, and had issue, Mary, wife of Albert Shattuck, and I'utman Hradlec. The third child of Mrs. Aborn was Dora T. The fourth child, Rebecca Sheldon, married Robert St. John Beasley, of England. The fifth child, Robert W., married at the West and had three children, viz : Dorcas, Georgiana Sheldon and Mary. P'anny Sheldon, second daughter of Israel and Mar\- Wallace (Borden) Sheldon, was twice married ; first to Dr. William Walton Woolsey ; they had issue one child, Katharine Walton, who married Frederick H. Hamilton; she died in 1888, leaving two children, Cecil Woolsey, and Stuart. Fanny Woolsey married, second, Colonel Woolsey R. Hopkins, Quartermaster of the Second Army Corps, and had issue two children — Dr. Woolsey, who married Helen Birdsall, and has two children, Katharine Woolsey and Woolsey Rogers. Sheldon, the second ciiild of Col. Woolsey R. and Fanny (Sheldon) Hopkins, married Ella Scribner. Katharine Josephine, daughter of Israel and Mary Wallace (Borden) Sheldon, m irried William Morris Franklin, a leading citizen of East Orange. Their children are : Katharine Borden, Sheldon and Rose Clare. Georgiana Esther, youngest daughter of Israel and Harriet Wallace (Cooke) Sheldon, married John S. Tilney, Esq., and has four children, viz.: Georgiana Sheldon, Israel Sheldon, Nicholas Lechmere and Robert Wallace. [See Tilney family, of Orange]. VIF.W OF FR.\NKL1N HOME, LOOKING EAST. Tin; Founders and Bfii.nrRs of the Oranges. 411 THE TAYLOR lAAUL^ . Every man who induces another to settle in the Oranges adds just that much to the wealth of the whole community. When it is considered that the combined efforts of Abraham C. and Ira M. Taylor — father and son^in this direction extend over a period of more than sixty years, it is safe to say that they have added hundreds of thousands of dollars to the wealth of the Oran^jes. Hoth arc natives of Essex County ard arc identified by marriage with some of the oldest families in this vicinity. William Taylor, the American projenitor of this branch of the Taylor family, was the .son of Jacob and Eliza- beth (Eccles) Taylor, of Randall's Town, near Belfast, Ireland. Jacob was a linen manufacturer, a native of Scotland, the family being all staunch Scotch Presbyterians. William Taylor, son of Jacob, was a millwright. He came to this country soon after 1800, in company with Deacon John Nichol, one of the pillars of the Hrick Church, East Orange. William Taylor settled in Bloomfield, where he married Gertrude, daughter of Colonel Thomas Cadmus, of that place, a descendant of one of the old Holland families who settled in East New Jersey. The hou.se in which Col. Cadmus lived, on Washington Street, Bloomfield, was built by his ancestors about 1672. This house is mentioned in the history of Bloomfield as Washington's Headquarters. AiiRAHAM Cadmus Taylor, son of William and Gertrude (Cadmus) Taylor, was born in Bloom- field, N. J., March 9, 1812; died in East Orange, December 17, 1883. He lived with his uncle, Abraham Cadmus, from an early age until the latter's death, and inherited most of his property. His grandfather. Col. Thomas Cadmus, served with distinction in the War of the Revolution and enjoyed the personal friendship of Gen. Washington, who presented him with a sword, the broken parts of which are still in the family. At the age of eighteen years Abraham C. Taylor came to Orange, where he spent the remainder of his life. He kept a country store for some years and subsequently established a large clothing business in Mobile, Ala., under the firm name of Taylor & Dickinson. Mr. Taylor remained North, attending to the buying, manufacturing, etc., while his partner attended to the Southern branch of the business. He continued until just before the panic of 1857 and thereby escaped financial disaster. Mr. Taylor was among the first of the old residents to api)reciate the possibilities of Orange as a place of suburban residence, and, with wise forethought, he purchased large tracts of land in Orange and Montclair. His first home property was located on Main, Baldwin and Harrison Streets. He afterward purchased several acres on Washington Street and built for himself a new house, in which he lived and died. He divided this property into building lots, and opened William Street through the property, from Prospect to Washington Streets, and made other necessary improvements. Among other proper- ties, he developed the Uzal Dodd tract at Doddtown ; he also opened New Street to Orange. He did not wait for others to develop their property in order that he might reap the benefit, but with a worthy public spirit he spent his money freely in improving all his property, while many of his tieighbors profited thereby. He was a whole-souled, enterprising business man, with large ideas which he was capable of carrying out. He was a leader in politics, although, with a single exception, he invariably declined to accept office. He worked earnestly for his friends, and whoever was fortunate enough to secure his influence was almost certain of an election. He managed all his own affairs with consummate ability, exercising wisdom and forethought in all his transactions. Though not a member of any church he led an exemplary life, and in all his intercourse with his fellow-men endeavored to conform to the Golden Rule. He had large business interests and was connected with various organizations. He was a director in the Orange Savings Bank, and in the Essex County Mutual Insurance Co. Mr. Taylor married lilizabeth Simmons Condit, daughter of Samuel Wheeler and Sarah (Brundage) Condit, residents of what is now West Orange. Samuel Wheeler Condit was the son of Joel and Sarah (Wheeler) Condit. Joel served in the War of the Revolution. He was the .son of Daniel, son of Samuel, the Newark ancestor of the family. The children of Abraham Cadmus Taylor and his wife, Elizabeth, were: Mary C; Harriet, married Samuel G. Van Auken ; William A., born November 17, 1840, died January 9, 1836; Elizabeth, married Marcus A. Gould; she is a practicing physician of the new school ; Gertrude, resides in Washington, D. C; Ira M.: Samuel M.; Caroline, died in infancy. 412 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Ira M. Taylor, sixth cliild of Abraliam Cadmus and Elizabeth fCondit) Taylor, was born in Orange, or what is now East Orange, October 31, 1846. He was sent to the best private schools in Orange, among which was that of the well-known institution of Mr. Adams. Mr. Taylor's first business experience was in New York City, where he was first engaged in mercantile affairs and afterwards in the manufacturing business. He was for some time connected with the Paragon Manufacturing Co., which made the first paragon umbrella frames in this country. After his father's death Mr. Taylor returned to East Orange to assume charge of the estate which for a time required his undivided attention. In the settlement of his father's affairs he was gradually drawn into the real estate business and began opera- tions for himself and others. His pleasing and courteous manners drew people to him and witluuit any special effort on his part, business increased. Strangers, as well as his personal friends, found they could always rely on his representa- tions that he had no personal ends to serve. His aim has been to please the buyer as well as the owner of the property and he has never failed to state the true conditions as to health, drainage, etc., even though it might be to the detriment of the owner, and at a personal sacri- fice of his own interests. His methods, which were actuated by a conscientious regard for the |)ublic welfare, and for the good of his p.itrons, have yielded their legitimate fruits, and a large number of the most desirable class of business men have been induced to settle in the Oranges and build for themselves fine resi- dences. These in turn have induced others to locate here, who invariably commend Mr. Taylor as the best man to conduct negotiations. The fact of his individual success and prosperity is the best evidence of what he has accomplished in the development of the Oranges, and through his efforts hundreds of thousands of dollars have been added to the wealth of his native town, and without any pretense or assumption on his part he has proved one of the greatest of public benefactors. His conscientious regard for the truth, liis honesty antl perfectly fair dealings with all, have won him the confidence and support of both buyers and sellers of property. It was Mr. Taylor's reputation for honorable dealing, as well as his good judgment and strict impartiality, that led the projectors of "The New Orange Industrial Association" to make him their representative and manager for this district for the greatest real estate enterprise ever attempted in this country. \iz., the purchase and immediate development of nineteen hundred acres of land lying between Milburn and Roselle and the immediate outlay of millions of dollars for improvements, etc. Mr. Taylor was one of the commissioners appointed to widen and straighten Second River in that part of the Doddtown district formerly known as Rattlesnake Plains. He organized and is Secretary of the Penn Hluff IJrick and Tile Co., an enterprising and successful corporation. He served on a commission for opening new streets in East Orange. Mr. Taylor is thoroughly domestic in his tastes and habits and IRA M. TAYI.OK. Thk Founders and Buildkrs of the Oranges. 413 has no interest whatever in club life. He is a member of Hrick Church and was formerly Secretary and Treasurer of the Sunday School. Mr. Taylor married Kate X. Scym-.ur, of New York City. They have one child, Catharine. THE MEEKER FAHILY. Tile proi,rcnitor of tiic New Jersey branch of the Meeker family was William Meeker, who came from Enj^dand about 1635 to the Ma.ssachusefts Bay, and from thence removed to the New Haven Colony, of which he was one of the founders. While residing there he married Sarah Preston, a native of Yorkshire, England. In the spring of 1665, with his family and others of the New Haveii Colony, (whom tradition says he brought in his own sloop), he landed on the site that became known as Eiiza- bethtown Point, N. J., and was enrolled with his eldest son, Joseph, with the original " Associates," who acquired title by purchase of the Indians, and also by grant from (lovcrnor Nichols, for the ground, a portion of whicli now comprises the entire count\- of Union. Following the subsequent appointment of Sir Philip Carteret as successor to Governor Nichols, came (in the belief of the " Associates") in- vasions of their purchase rights, which culminated in dissatisfaction and final revolt on their part, and the flight of Governor Carteret. Chosen by the "Associates," and holding a commission from Gover- nor Carteret as " Constable of the Town," William Meeker became an active adherent of Captain James Carteret, who succeeded the absent Governor. For this offense he was, in 1675, adjudged to lo.sc his estate. The people of Klizabethtown and Newark, appreciating his fidelity to their interests, presented him with a tract of land at Lyons Farms, where the old homestead of the family was erected by his son, and where he died in 1690. The children of William and Saraii (Preston) Meeker were: Joseph, Benjamin, Sarah, Mary, John. Benjamin Meeker, second child of William and Sarah (Preston) Meeker, was born in New Haven, March, 1649. He also was of the Elizabetlitown "Associates." He was a planter and carpenter by occupation, and built the house known as the Meeker homestead at Lyons Farms, about 1677. This quaint old house, one of the oldest in the State, has never been alienated from the family. The succes- sive generations, who have been its occupants, have adhered to the English rather than the American practice in cherishing "the old," even though homely. An enlargement, corresponding in style to the original structure, and the necessary repairs, have been made, but the main features have been preserved. Quite recently, however, the "old oaken bucket," and the still more antiquated well-sweep, after over two centuries of service, ha\-c given way to modern fixtures, and while it is not on record that the suc- cessive occupants dispensed with clocks, the ancient sun-dial not onl\- indicates the meridian, but reminds the observer in the words of David, engraven upon the stone to which it is affixed, " Our days on earth are as a shadow, and there is none abiding." Benjamin married Elizabeth , and had seven children, William, Benjamin, Jonathan, Daniel, Samuel, Thomas, Joseph. William Meeker, eldest child of Benjamin and. I'-li/.abeth ( ) Meeker, was born at the homestead of his father, October 13, 1677. He married Hannah Potter and had '\?,^\xc, Jonathan, Isaac and David. He died March 5, 1744. Jonathan Meeker, eldest son of William and Hannah (Potter) Meeker, was born at the Meeker homestead, November 18, 1712. He married Sarah . After his marriage he built a house (jn a farm given him by his father, adjoining the homestead propert}-. His children were Johanna, yt»;/<7//M;/, Obadiah, Sarah, Rebecca. He died in 1781. Jonathan Meeker (2), son of Jonathan and Sarah Meeker, was born at Lyons I-'arms, February 11, 1744; tlicd June 10, 1805. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was twice married. His first wife was Mary Ogden, by whom he had three children. Obadiah, Hannah, Joel. He married, secondly, Rachel Denman. Of this marriage were born. Jonathan, Rebecca, Penman, Elly, Polly, David, Moses, Rachel. Denman Meeker, third child of Jonathan Meeker (2) and Rachel (Denman) Meeker, was born at Lyons Farms, June 10, 17S1. In connection with his brother Jonathan, he established a pottery in Newark, his interest in which continued till 1814. at which time he removed to Succasunna I'lains and 414 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. L established himself in the same business, which is still successfully run under the ownership of his son Josiah. He married Mary, daughter of John Maxwell, son of Davicl. Thirteen children were born to them, of whom Josiah, Marcus and Edivcird dLVQ now living. Edward Meeker, youngest child of Denman and Mary (Maxwell) Meeker, was born at Succa- sunna Plains, Morris County, N. J., September 27, 1830^ and received such educational advantages as the place of his birth afforded. After serving an apprenticeship to the carpenter trade, at Newark, lie, in 1853, began contracting for the erection of buildings at Newark and Orange. In 1865 he removed his business entire!)- to East Orange, and -' availing himself of the wider opportunities offering, (for the great development of the Oranges dates from about that time), he engaged actively in the purchase and improvement of real estate, in addition to his former business of contracting. Both at Newark and in the Oranges he has con- structed many public buildings, churches and private residences, which will compare favorably with those of any in the limits of the two places. In 1891 he retired from active business and is now devoting him- self to the care of his real estate interests, which still continue to be large. In the public offices, he has held that of Town- ship Committeeman, School Trustee and Commissioner of Appeals, etc. He en- deavored to serve his constituents faith- fully, on the basis of a wise economy in the expenditures of public money's. In 1854 Mr. Meeker married Emma Caroline, daughter of Nathaniel Douglas, of Hanover, N. J. The children of this marriage are: Henrietta M., now Mrs. M. P. Ward; Anne Maxwell; tldward C, who married I.orena. daughter of Stephen B. Colgate; Helen Douglas; Arthur Denman. Kl>UAkl) MliEKEK. THE COLIE, DAYTON AND RUNYON FAHILIES. The Colie family has been represented in East Orange for a number of }-ears b\- Daniel Eord_\ce and his son, Edward M. Colie. James Colie, the ancestor, is mentioned among the Elizabethtown Associates who received their allotments of land previous to 1699. He came to this country with a number of Huguenot families who fled from P'rance after the revocation of the Edict of Nantts. Daniel, a descendant of James in the second or third generation, resided in Springfield, Chatham town- ship, the latter part of the last century, where he died in 1804 at an advanced age. He had among other children, sons, Daniel and Saniiicl. The former achieved quite a reputation as a school teacher and was known by the old inhabitants of half a century ago as "Schoolmaster Colie." Samuel Colie, brother of Daniel (2) and son of Dariel (i), was born in Springfield, about 1790. He married Phebe Woodruff, and had among others, a son, Daniel Fordycc, born in 181P.. D.XNIEL l-'ORDVCE Coi.IE, son of Samuel and Phebe (Woodrufif) Colie, was born in Springfield, / EDWARD M. COLIE. TnK Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 415 N. J., in 1S18. lie carried on a country store in Milburn for some years and afterwards removed to Newark. lie became a resilient of Kast ( )ran<,'e in 1855, and built himself a home on Arlington Avenue, known at that time as Cherry Lane. He was contemporary with M. O. Haistcd and other enterprising business men who laid the foundation of the present township of East Orange. He built several houses aiul was successful in his real estate operations, lie attended the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church ami withdrew from that with a number of others to assist in organizing the Munn Avenue or First Pre^b\terian Cluirch. of Kast Orange. He was an earnest worker in the new church and served as a member of its Hoard of Trustees for man)- years. He was dignified in his bearing, and in his pri\'ate life was above reproach. Mr. Colie married Elizabeth S. Dayton, daughter of Levi Dayton, of Newark. He was the son of Noah, who married Elizabeth Runyon. Noah, son of Robert, was born 1742, died 1814. Robert was the son of Jonathan Dayton, born May i, 1701, died 1776. The latter was the father of the famous Gen. Jonathan Dayton, who served in the War of the Revolution in the " New Jersey Line." Conti- nental Troops, as Paymaster Third Battalion, First Establishment, February 7, 1776; Paymaster Third Battalion, Second Establishment; Lieutenant and Paymaster Third Regiment to date, February t, 1779; Major and Aide-de-camp to Major General Sullivan, May i, 1779; Captain Third Regiment to date, March 30, 1780; prisoner of war November 4, 1780; Captain First Regiment, discharged at the close of the war. He was prominent in civil and military life after the war and was one of tlie signers of the Constitution of the United States. Jonathan, Sr.. was the son of Samuel, born in 1666, at East Hampton, L. L, who was the son of Robert, born in England, came to this country with his parents in 1638. Robert was the son of Ralph Dayton, the ancestor, born at Yorkshire, England, in 1585; emi- grated to America in 1638; was first in Boston, where his signature is found'dated June 4. 1639; settled in East Hampton, I,. I., where, in 1649, he was President and Constable of the place. The Dayton family bore Anns. — Or, on a fesse, between three annulets gules as many standing cups of the field. The children of Daniel Fordyce and Elizabeth S. (Dayton) Colie were: Levi Dayton, born 1850, died in infancy; litkvard M., horn 1852; Mary Dayton, married William S. Johnson, of Orange, and Henry W. Edward M. Coi.IK, eldest child of Daniel F.and Elizabeth S.(Dayton) Colie, was born at Milburn, N. J., October 27, 1852. He came with his parents to East Orange when he was but three years of age. He attended the public school and later entered the College of the City of New York, from which he was graduated in 1873. He entered the law office of Stone & Jackson, Newark, and a part of the time, while pursuing his legal studies, held the position of Vice-Principal of the Ashland school, in East Orange. He passed a satisfactory examination and was admitted as attorney in 1876, and as counsellor in 1878. He practiced for a time under his own name and in 1888 entered the firm of Colie & Tits- worth, succeeding to the practice of the old firm of C. S. & C. G. Titsworth. dissolved by the deaih of the senior member. Ex Judge Caleb S. Titsworth. Upon the retirement of Mr. Charles G. Titsworth from the firm of Colie & Titsworth, the firm of Colie & Swayzc was formed in 1892. Mr. Colie's general practice is large and lucrative, and he is considered an exceptionally good lawyer. Of late years he has given special attention to insurance law, and his successful trials of diflRcult and complicated cases have given him a wide reputation, and he is recognized as one of the best insurance lawyers in the State. He is counsel for the Merchants" Insurance Company, of Newark, of the Fidelity & Casualty Company, of New York, and at the same time represents several large companies in other States. As a lawyer he is careful, painstaking and thorough in his preparation and trial of cases. His clients trust him implicitly, knowing that every means in his power will be conscientiously employed to bring to a success- ful issue matters placed in his hands. He is a man of quick perceptions, strong nervous force and vital energy. As a pastime, Mr. Colie has done consid-.-rable literary work. He has frequently contributed to Appkton's Journal, the Christian i'nion. the Bookman and other periodicals. He h.is one of the largest and best assorted libraries in the State. He is especially interested in Sociolog>- and has a large 4i6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. collection of works bearing on this subject. Ruskin is his favorite author, and a paper read by him before the I'lii Beta Kappa Society of the College of the City of New York, December 18, 1S94, on "John Ruskin as an Ethical Teacher," has since been published in pamphlet form and received the favorable criticisms of students of Ruskin. Mr. Colie was one of the originators of the indejjendent movement in politics, which for a time threatened to disrupt the old political parties and which has since held the balance of power. He was associated in this movement with Dr. William Hayes Ward, Wendell Phillips Garrison and other well-known reformers. Mr. Colie took the stump himself during the campaign of that year and did most effective work. In what might almost be called his native town of East Orange, Mr. Colie has been especially active in public and benevolent affairs. He has been long a director and is now Vice-President of the Orange Bureau of Charities. He is connected with the Township Improveinent Society, and other societies of this character. His religious associa- tions are with the Munn Avenue or First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange, in which he has served as deacon. He is interested in physical culture. He helped to organize the Riding and Driving Club of the Oranges and is a member of its Board of Directors. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Orange Athletic Club. He is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi Club; City College Club, and Reform Club, of New York City, and of the Essex County Country Club, and of the Essex Club, of Newark. lie is also a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Association of Charities and Corrections, and the Bar Association of the United States. Mr. Colie married Carrie M. Runyon, daughter of Simeon M. Runyon, son of Clarkson Runyon, who was for many years a merchant in New Brunswick and subsequently a manufacturer of rubber goods, both in New Brunswick and Newark. Clarkson was the son of John, born 1767, married Christian Stelle, daughter of Abel and Sarah Stelle. John was the son of Ephraim, born 1737, whose wife was Ruth Molleson. He was the son of Reune and Rachel (Drake) Runyon. Reune, born 171 1, was the son of Vincent Runyon, the ancestor of the Runyon family of this country. Vincent Runyon is first mentioned in the New Jersey records in 1663. He came to this country with the Stelles and other Huguenot families. He settled in Piscatavvay in 1677, and had allotted to him, in March of the same year, on the Raritan River, 154^ acres. He died November 19, 1713, his wife, Martha, surviving him. The issue of the marriage of Edward M. Colie and Carrie R. (Runyon) Colie are: Edward M., Jr., Dayton, Runyon, Margaret and Frederick Runyon. THE JOHNSON FAMILY. Line of descent fronn Uiecirick Jansen. The ancestor of this branch of the Johnson family, Diedrick Jansen, or, as he was often called. Dirk Johnson, came to this country from Holland about 1700, and settled in Germantown, Pa., where he had a grant of land adjoining that of Hans Millan, whose daughter, Margaret, he married. They hail a son, John. John Johnson, son of Dictlrick and Margaret (Millan) Jansen, was born in his father's homestead, at Germantown, I'a. He married Agnes, daughter of Anthony Klincken, a celebrated IuiiUlt in his da\-. They had a z\\\\<\, John. John Johnson (2\, son of John and Agnes (Klincken) Johnson, was born July 15, 1748. lie resided at the homestead built b_\- his grandfather, which stood near the centre of the battlefield where the battle of Germantown was fought. They being members of the Society of l-'ricnds, remained neutral during the war. Shortly before the fighting began they were warned by a British officer to take refuge in the cellar, and the battle raged all around the house which was struck several times. [These bullet holes still remain]. The only inaterial damage wliich the house sustained was an abrasion caused by a piece of stone which was knocked out from the corner. An investigation after the battle showed that the British had despoiled the pantry of its contents, and everything eatable had disappeared. John Johnson married Rachel Levezey, and had a son, Samuil. mm ji0^^^ W J ROWLAND JOHNSON. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 417 Samuel Joliiisoii was born at the liomcstcaci, in 1785. He married Jennet Rowland, of Lewes, Delaware. They had twelve children, among wiiom was Rowlaiui. Rowi AM) Johnson, son of Samuel and Jennet (Rowland) Johnson, was born in Gcrmantown, Pa., May 24, 1S16. He belonijed to what was known as the Hicksite branch of the Society of Friends, and was educated at the Friends' Seminary of Westowne. Early in life he entereil the wholscsale crockery house of Dorsey & Son, and later became associated with his brother, under the firm name of R. & j. R. Johnson, in the importing of East India and Chinese goods, in I'hiladelphia. In 1850 the business of the firm was transferred to New York, the I'hiladelphia store being continued as a branch, however, until 1S70. A few years after the icniuval of the business to New York, the brother retired, and the business was continued by Rowland Johnson up to the time of his death. He was located on Heaver Street for thirty-three years, and in 1 883 removed to Broad w,iy. He occupied a leading position among the New York merchants of that period, lli' was a prominent member of the Silk Association of America, and probably did more than any other man to further the silk interests in America. He resided in New York City during the first few years of his business life. He was one of the earliest of the New York mercliants to locate in Orange, long before the division into separate town- ships took place. He settled in what is now East Orange, in 1855, and purchased the property on the corner of Washington and Park Streets, which was his permanent residence. The farm and summer residence on the mountainside, he purchased about 1874, and spent most of his summers there. Mr. Johnson was one of the leaders in the abolition movement, and was associated in this work with such men as Wendel Phillips, Oliver Johnson, William Lloyd Garrison and Horace Greeley. He was earnest, aggressive, and even bitter in his denunciation of the slaveholders, and his home in East Orange was a prominent rendezvous on the route of the " underground railroad," and fugitive slaves found in his home a safe shelter; they were liberally provided for and secretly helped on to the " ne.xt station." Because of the bold and uncompromising stand which he took on the slavery question, he was e.xpelled from the Society of Friends. Notwithstanding this, however, he continued to meet with them, and remained steadfast in the faith. There was quite a number of Friends residing, at that time, in and near Orange, and meetings were held regularly in Librarj- Hall. Mr. Johnson usually took part in these meetings. He was a warm friend of Henry Berg, and one of the most earnest promoters of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. He was also a liberal supporter of and closeh' identified with the Five Points Mission of New York, as well as other charitable institutions. He was active in local as well as national politics, and took a prominent part as a worker and speaker in the presidential cam- paigns. He was one of the largest contributors to the founding of the Ora.ngc Journal, and was financi- ally interested in the paper for a number of years. Mr. Johnson was one of the original members of the New England Society, and did much to bring about the good-fellowship existing among its members. He was a warm friend of Llewellyn Haskell, and assisted him in the work of founding Llewellyn Park. He was a man of strict integrity and self-sacrificing in his devotion to the right, and yet he was aggres- sive in matters involving not only his own personal rights, but those of his fellow-men. He was con- stantly at war with the old Morris and Essex Railroad Company, and succeeded in bringing about many needed improvements. He was foremost in the movement of the citizens of Orange to establish a stage route between Orange and Newark, and subscribed liberally to the stock. He was interested in all local affairs pertaining to the development of the Oranges. He was a man of great liberality, kind- hearted and sympathetic, and always ready to lend a helping hand to the down-trodden and oppressed. He died September 25, 1886, at the age of seventy. His widow and two children, Anna H. and Llew- ellyn Haskell, survive him, the latter residing at the old homestead in East Orange until quite recently. 4i8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges THE RANDALL FAHILY. John M. Randall was pre-eminently a Builder of East Orange, and, with perhaps one or two excep- tions, he did more than any other man to promote its development. Mr. Randall came of the same old Puritan stock of Connecticut so largely represented in the early settlement of Newark. The family name of Randall is traced to the period of the Norman Conquest, A. D. 1086. It first appears in the Domes Day I?ook of William the Conqueror. The name of John Randall is of frequent occurrence in the year books or records of legal proceedings and judicial decisions from the beginning of the reign of Edward II to the end of that of Henry VHI, a period of about two hundred years, from 1327 to 1547. John Randall, the Connecticut ancestor of this family, was at Westerly, R. I., in territory claimed by Connecticut as part of Stonington, in 1667. In 1670 he bought a lot of land on the I'awcatuck River, of Thomas Bell, and was admitted an inhabitant of Stonington, November 30. 1670. John Randall, a descendant of John Randall, the Connecticut ancestor, was born in Connecticut about 1758. Me was a captain in the War of the Revolution and served continuously, first as a member of the Connecticut Militia and afterwards of the "Connecticut Line," from 1775 to 1783. He enlisted at the age of seventeen, his first service being as a private in Second Company, Eighth Connecticut Regiment, commanded by Colonel — afterwards General — Jedediah Huntington, of New London, Conn. After the close of the war he married Phebe, daughter of Gurdon Merchant, of Redding, Conn., who was its first town treasurer and a descendant of John Merchant, of Braintree, Mass., 1638, who removed to Rhode Island in 1639. After his marriage, Capt. Randall purchased a farm of some 300 acres in Vermont, which he cleared and subseqently sold, and purchased another large tract of about four hundred acres on Otter Creek, Vt , which lay partly in the town of Wallingford and part in Clarendon. He cleared and improved the farm, which was divided among his children. He had issue, Cynthia, John, Lydia, Lucina and Merchant, born about 1795. Merchant Randall, son of John and Phebe (Merchant) Randall, was born at Wallingford, Vt., about 1795. He bought a farm in Veteran, near Elmira, N. V., and moved thence about 1836, and in 1852 followed the march of immigration and settled in Warren County, III. He married Philena Bullartl, a descendant of Robert Bullard, who came to this countr\- from Kent, England, about 1636. The children of Merchant and Philena Randall were: Philena, born 181 5;. A'/'// Merchant, hoxn August 18. 1818: another child, died young ; Lucretia, born about 1828, married Charles Swan, of Elmira. Mr. Randall divided up his western farm among his children, giving each from forty to eighty acres. John Merchant Ra.vdai.L, second child of Merchant and Philena (Bullard) Randall, was born in Rutland County, near Rutland village, Vt., August 18. 1818. His early educational advantages were limited, as he was obliged to work the farm, yet he began teaching when he was but seventeen years of age. After leaving the district school, he attended Black River Academy for one term, and by teaching the following winter, earned enough to carry him through on a si.\ months' course at Castleton, Vt., Academy. He then returned to the little school in his native town, where he taught for two successive terms. His father, in the meantime, having removed to a village near Elmira, N. V., John M. followed and taught for a time at Millport, N. Y., and in the summer of 1839 completed his studies at Canan- dagua Academy, where he took a six months' course. He taught again for two successive years at Millport, but was finally obliged to gi\e up teaching on account of failing health. He had, in the meantime, built up a flourishing school from which fifteen students were graduated and received certifi- cates, all but one of whom became successful teachers. He was superintcntlent of schools in the town, and also served as town clerk for two or three years. About 1844, in connection with a Mr. Botsford, he opened a country store in the town of Veteran, some ten miles from Elmira, N. Y. This was not a successful venture, ar.d he subsequently started on his own account in the same business, and not only paid off his old liabilities in full, but in the course of si.x years cleared §6,000. With this capital he formed a copartnership in the lumber business in 1853, at Brooklyn, N. Y., under the firm name of Bennett & Randall, producing and buying lumber by the cargo and shipping it to various points in >»'■ !,t){w m JOHN M. RANDALL. The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 419 and contiguous to New York, the principal trade for wliicli centered in Newark, N. J., where he subse- quently established his headcpiarters, having a large yard on the I'assaic River, where he did the largest lumber business of any firm in the State of New Jersey and one of the largest in the country, his sales aggregating nearly half a million dollars a year. During this copartnership he purchased a large tract of land in Tioga County, Pa., where he erected three large steam saw mills. He subsequently disposed of this property to his partner and contracted to sell the entire annual production of these mills on commission. He also bought large quantities of lumber from other- i)artics and for many years carriec,nl,cr ,>f the Railroad Committee, but was at the same time one of the most earne.st supporters ; he bill for the laying out of Central Park. New York City. Mr. Randal became a rcs.dent of Ne vark N. J . about ,856, and soon after bought a tract of land on Munn .Wenue, East Orange on whi he bei n nu.king improvements. In addition to his own residence he erected a number of if villas along the avenue and planted a variety of shade trees. He made-mother m,provemen ts '^;;:h h!ve added much to the general appearance of this avenue. He sold '- «- ^ enc. ad ,86S began the erection of his present home, which reqmred two ye^^rs to complete 1 his .one of the most substantial and well built villas in the county, the mtenor bemg f^n..shed m hard uood. "rounds and exterior arrangements are in excellent taste and present an attract.ve appearance. 420 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. When Orange obtained its city charter in i860, Mr. Randall was foremost in causing the separation and final erection of East Orange as a separate township. He was a member of the first Township Committee and probably did more than any other man to precipitate final action. He was chairman of the committee appointed to establish the grade of the streets, and was an advocate of the macademizcd roads. He erected a large number of private and public buildings, which have added materially to the wealth of the township. His greatest achievement in the way of public improvements is the present .system of water supply for East Orange and Bloomfield, second to none in this countr\-, and one of the finest in the world. Mr. Ranilall has contributed liberally to the educational, religious and bene\'olent interests of the township. The Munn Avenue Presbyterian Church owes its existence mainly to his efforts, lie led in the enterprise and induced his neighbors to follow. He solicited subscriptions to a large amount, and was himself one of the largest contributors. He was chairman of the Building Committee and had the general supervision of its entire construction. The subsequent enlargement of the building and all the interior arrangements were designed and carried out under his personal supervision. He has also encouraged and aided in the building of other churches in East Orange. His whole aim as a public- spirited citizen was to elevate the moral and religious tone of the community. He lived to witness the growth of a small village to one of the largest and most prosperous townships in the State. As a man he was beloved and respected in the community for his many personal traits, and honored by his fellow- citizens for the great work he accomplished in the development of East Orange. Mr. Randall was twice married ; first to Miss Abby Taylor, of Manlius, Onondaga Count}-, N. Y.; second, to Miss Hulda S. Vischer, of Albany, N. Y. By his first wife he had, Philena 1',., who married Joseph T.. Munn, Esq. By his second wife he has issue, Walter M. and Mary E.; the latter married \'ernon L. Davey, Superintendent of Public Schools, East Orange. Mr. Randall died suddenly in the summer of 1895 while absent from home. THE COLBY FAMILY. Of the thousands of enterprising New York business men who, during the j)ast thirty-five or fortj' years, have established their homes in the Oranges, none have been more close!}' identified with the moral, physical, religious and political advancement of the people of this locality than Gardner R. Colby; a man who built for himself a monument in the hearts of the people as enduring as the granite shaft that marks his last resting-place. His New England ancestors were all men of marked character and influence, who left their impress on each generation. The history of the Colby family dates back to the eleventh cenlur}-, anil the names of Robert, Warine and Simon de Colebie appear among the list of those who followed the fortunes of the Conqueror. Anthony Colby, the American ancestor of the family, came over with Governor Winthrop, in 1630; was one of the founders of Salisbury, in 1639, and of Amesbur}-, Mass., in 1643. He had issue, Sarah, John, Orlando, Samuel, Isaac, Rebecca, Mar\- and Thomas. The line of descent of Gardner R. Colby is through John, eldest son of Anthony, John, Jr., Joseph (1 ), Joseph (2), Josiah and Josiah C. The latter was a well-known citizen of Bowdoinham, Maine, who was for years successfully engaged in the building of ships, and in business enterj^rises connected with theit ownership. His son, Gardner Colby, a native of Bowdoinham. Me., became one of the leading railroad projectors and builders in the great Northwest, and was equall}- noted for his strong religious faith, and the carrying forward of great benevo- lent enterprises. He was largeh- instrumental in the building of the Rowe Street Baptist Church, of Boston ; was the founder of Waterville College, Me., to which he ga\'e large sums of monc}- at different times, and which, unsolicited by himself, was changed to Colby Universit}', and as such has already won an honored place in the educational history of the countr}-. He married Mary Low Roberts, and had issue, Gardner R., Charles L., Henry F., Joseph L., Mary F., Georgetta E. Garu.NER Roberts Coi.BV, eldest son of Gardner and Mary Low (Roberts) Colby, was born in Ro.xbury, Mass., April, 1836. He was educated at a private school, and at the age of sixteen entered The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 421 a dry goods and jobbing house at Boston, as a clerk. Subscfiucntly lie entered his father's store and was his purchaser for a period of five years, representing the house in New York In 1S65 the firm of Slade & Colby was formed, which was changed in 1866 to Harding, Colby & Co , with which Mr. Colby was actively identified until his death. Mr. Cn Bigelow. He had, by his first wife, John, Saiiiiu-/, Hannali and Josepii. Samuel Shepard, son of John (2), was born in Hartford, February 2. i(')S4, ilied there in 1730. He married, May 17, 1709. Bclliia Steele; she dictl in 1704. Tliey hail a son, l-.ltiad. Samuel removed to East Grainillc, Mass. Eldad Shepard, son nf .Samuel and Hethi.i (Steele) Shepard, was born in East Granville, Mass., in 1740, and dictl in 1S07. lie married Rebecca Seymour; she died in 1807. Tliey had, among other cliildren, a son, ./(?;//< .v. James Shepard, son of Eldad anil Rebecca (Seymourj .Shepard, was born in Hartland, Mass., whence his father hail removed, December 21, 1774. He was a farmer and a man of considerable prominence in the community. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1840, and held other public offices He died in Norfolk, Litchfield Count}', Conn., in 1846. He married Abigail Andrus, and had issue. Joint Andrus, born J.muary 15, i8o2; Laura Seymour, born March 9, 1804; James Hutchins, born August 11, 1806, died February 15, 1895; Samuel, born December 12, 1812; Eliza. John Andrus Shepard, son of James and Abigail (Andrus) Shepard, was born in Winchester, Conn., 1802. He was a well-to-do farmer and a man of influence in the community. Although averse to holding public position, he was a member of the Legislature, postmaster, and held other town offices. He married Margaret J. Mills, daughter of Michael Frederick Mills, a well-known lawyer in the com- munity. Their children were Frederick Michael, James Ira, and William Arthur. Frederick M. Shepard, eldest child of John Andrus and Margaret J. (Mills) Shepaid, was born in Norfolk, Litchfield County, Conn., September 24, 1827. He attended the district school and also a select school kept by Rev. John F. Norton. His first business e.\-perience was in a countiy store in Norfolk. From there he went to Hartford as clerk in the dry goods store of Collins Bros., where he remained some two or three \ears. He came to New York in 1848 and was for five years in the employ of Augustin Averill & Co., commission merchants, on South Street. In 1853 he was elected Secretar\- of the Union India Rubber Company. This was the opportunity which led to the ilevelopment of business qualifications and a capacity for great undertakings, of which, perhaps, he himself was uncon- scious. He became the founder and is still the manager of one of the largest rubber interests in the world. He has been President of the Union India Rubber Company for twenty-five years. He founded, with Joseph A. Minott, in 1861, the Rubber Clothing Company, and has been its President since its organization. He also founded, with Mr. Minott, the Goodyear Rubber Co., in 1872, was its first President and still holds that position. This company is one of the largest of its kind in the world. It has its factories in Connecticut and New Jersey ; its places of business are in New York City, Buffalo, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, Minneapolis St. Louis, Kansas City, San Francisco, Portland, Ore., and Washington, I). C, each of these being controlled by companies organized under the laws of the several States, but all under the direct management of Mr. Shepard. These several companies and manufac- tories, and others in which he is largely and actively interested, employ several thousand iiands, the annual production amounting to millions of dollars. Mr. Shepard is also a director in the National India Rubber Co., of Rhode Island, President of the Lambertville Rubber Co., a director of the U. S. Rubber Co., also of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co.. of Newark, N. J., one of the Advisory Committee of the Orange Memorial Hospital, to which he has been a large contributor. Mr. Shepard's connection with the Oranges began in 186S, by the purchase of the house on Munn Avenue, where he has since resided. For several years he occupied it as a summer home, but in 1S73 gave up his residence in New York and made East Orange his home. Since then he has made numer- 424 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ous additions and iniprovements, both exterior and interior, and liis home is now one of the most attractive places in this locaHty. For the first five or six years Mr. Shepard's work in East Orange was mainly of a religious and benevolent character, encouraging, however, and contributing to such public enterprises as he deemed worthy of support. W'lien the subject of water supply was being agitated, he entered heartily into the project and was one of the first, as well as one of the largest subscribers to the stock of the Orange Water Company, a corporation which was organized in 1S67, but which remained dormant until kS'^o, when the subscription books were for the first time opened, (^n the organization of the com[)any Mr. Shepard was elected President, and has held the position continuousl\- up to the present time. N'otwithstanding his extensive interests in New York and other parts of the country, he has for man\- years devoted a portion of his time every day to the management of the affairs of the water compan_\-, which has developed into one of the most perfect s\-stems of water su])ply in this or any other .State, and now supplies the towns of East Orange and Bloomfield. During its stage of development the financial burden was largely borne by Mr. Shepard and his associate, Mr. Randall. While Mr. Shepard was chiefly interested in procuring an abundant supply of pure water for the people of East Orange, he has so managed the affairs of the company that it has for many years paid satisfac- tory dividends to the stockholders. Mr. Shepard was a large contributor to the erection of the Com- monwealth Building, and organized the East Orange Safe Deposit and Trust Company, which has its vaults in this building. He was the first President, and is now Vice-President of the companw He also assisted in organizing the East Orange National Bank, and was its President for two years. On coming to East Orange, Mr. Shepard attended the Munn Avenue or P'irst Presbyterian Church, and was for several years President of its Board of Trustees, during which time the debt which had been incurred in 1863, when the church was built, was paid in full. When tiie Elmwood Chapel, a branch of the .Munn Avenue Church, was organized, Mr. Shepard assisted in the movement by his personal efforts, and contributed liberally towards the erection of the building. He was elected Superintendent of the Elmwood Chapel Sunday-school, in 18S0, and for fifteen years has devoted his time and his energies to build up this interest. To say that he is beloved by the teachers and children is but a feeble expression of the strong attachment that exists between them. L'nder his efficient management there has been a steady growth from year to year, and many of the children from tiie school have united with the church and have had their names inscribed on the Lamb's Book of Life. This has been one of the most delight- ful features of Mr. Shepard's long residence in the Oranges, and one in which the compensation far ex- ceeds that of all his temporal interests combined. In remembrance of his childhood days, Mr. Shepard established, in 1S91. the Norfolk Water Com- paiu', for supplying his native town with water from the beautiful Mountain Lake, and thus earned the gratitude of the people, and erected another monument to his own memory. Mr. Shepard's domestic life has been one of peaceful simplicity. His " lines have fallen to him in pleasant places, and he has enjoyed a goodly heritage." He married, in September, 1854, Annie Clarissa, daughter of Theron Rockw-ell, of Colebrook, Conn. ] See Rockwell family.] The children of Frederick M. and Annie Clari.ssa (Rockwell) Shepard are: Annie Rockwell; Frederick M., Jr., married Isabella, daughter of Joseph Condit of Orange; Clara Margaret, married Alfred Boote, May 16, 1885; Joseph Minott; John Andrus. and Edith .Mills. Joseph Miiiott, fiuiith child of Mr. .Shepard, died in 1875. Soon after this Mr. Shepard erected, at a cost of §10,000. a consuni[)tive tlepartnicnt to the Orange Memorial Hospital. [^'-''^ history of Memorial Hospital.] THE ROCKWELL FAMILY. The Rockwell and Shepard families are closely allied by marriage, and both have been promoters of public imi)rovements in East Orange. The magnificent residence of John T. Rockwell is one of the most attractive features on Arlington Avenue, and has greatly improved this locality. Mr. Rockwell is a direct descendant of the Pilgrim Fathers. Deacon William Rockwell, the founder of the family in Thk Founders and Hrii.nKKS of tiik Orangks. 425 America, arrived at Nantucket May 30, 1630. He was deacon of tlie first ciuircli in Dorchester, Mass., and was one of the three first selectmen of the town. He removed to Windsor. Conn., about 1636. He married Susanna Cliapin, and hatl three children, the second of whom was Saiiiini. .Samuel Rockwell, son of William and Susanna (Chapin) Rockwell, was born in Dorchester. March 28, 1631. He married Mary Norton, of Saybrook, Conn., and had a son, Joscpli. Joseph Rockwell (i), son of Samuel and Mary (Norton) Rockwell, was born May 22, 1670. He was known as " Sargaiit " Rockwell. He married Rlizabeth. daughter of Job Drake, and \y,\i\ Joscf>Ji (2) and other children. Joseph Rockwell (2), son of Joseph (1) and Elizabeth (Drake) Rockwell, was born at Windst)r, Conn., November 23, 1695. He married Hannah Huntinj^ton, born at Norwich, Conn.. 1^93. Their eldest child was Josepit (3). Joseph Rockwell (3), son of Joseph (2) and Hannah (Huntington) Rockwell, was born at New Windsor, Conn., March 15, 171 5. lie was one of the original proi)rietors of Colebmok, Conn., in 1766. and was Captain of the first militia company formed in the town. He married Anna Dodd. and had nine children, of whom lilijali was tliu third. Elijah Rockwell, son of Joseph (31 and .Anna (Dodd) Rockwell, was born in East Windsor. Conn., November 14, 1744. He served in the War of the Revolution, and was commissioned Lieutenant of Seventh Conipan_\-, Connecticut Militia, b_\- (iovernor Jonathan Trumbull, lie was Justice of the I'eacc, and was for ihirtj'-eight years Town Clerk ; for si.xteen years he was the only civil magistrate in the town, and in this capacity he joined one hundred and twenty-seven couples in marriage. He repre- sented his town in the State Legislature for some years. He married Lucy, daughter of John Wright, and had five children, of whom Tluron was the third. Theron Rockwell, third child of Elijah and Lucy (Wright) Rockwell, was born in Colebrook, June 5, 1782. He was a man of considerable prominence in his day ; he served in both branches of the State Legislature. He carried on an extensive tanning business in Colebrook, and opened an oflfice in New York City for the sale of his goods, which was under the management of his son, James S., who was succeeded by John T., a younger brother. Mr. Rockwell married Clarissa, daughter of John Treat, who was a descendant of Matthew Treat, of Connecticut. Their children were, James Sidney, born 1817; Henry Edwards, born \'^2\\ John Treat, .'Xnna Clari.ssa. married Frederick .\I. She[)ard. now of East Orange. JiijiN Tki.ai R(i( kwei.I,, third child uf rhert)n and Clarissa (Treat) Rockwell, was born in Cole- brook, Conn., January 21, 1827. He was educated at Williston Seminary, East Hampton, lie was associated aith his brother in the tanneries at Colebrook and Winsted, which he bought out and con- tinued to c.irrv on for some years. He removetl later to New \'ork ami became a member of the firm of |. S. Rockwell & Co., with which he is still connected. Mr. Rockwell came to East Orange in 1881, and soon after erected the beautiful home where he now resides. He has given aid and encouragement to public improvements in many ways. He is a stockhokler and director in the East Orange Water Works; also in the Safe Deposit and Tru.st Company. His religious interests are centered in the First Presbyterian Church of EH.st Orange, of which he is a member. EDWARD JUDSON BROCKETT. The remarkable growth of the North Orange H.iptisl Church in a community where, for more than a hundred years, I'resbyterianism has held full sway, is due to the efforts of a few individuals who had not only the courage of their convictions, but who were endowed with the essential qualifications of leadership. Among these is Edward J. Hrockett, a representative of a family who for several gener.Uions have been noted for their courage, zeal and devotion to the cause of religion and religious libert\-. The family in England dates back to the time of the Norman Conquest, and the head of the house in the time of Henry HI was knighted by that monarch for his services to the king. One of his descendants, John Brockett, the eldest son of Sir John Hrockett. of the County Herts, a well-known loyalist at the time of Charles \, who, becoming convinced of the truth 426 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. of the gospel as preached by the Puritans, relinquislied his birthright, united with t!ic little company of Rev. John Davenport, emitjrated to New England and settled in New Haven in 1638. His son, Dr. John Hrockett, was the first permanent resident physician of the New Haven Colony, a man of remark- able attainments for his time. Rev. I'ierpont Brockett, the father of Edward J., was a direct descendant of Jnhn Rrockett, the American ancestor. He was born in North Haven, Conn., October 30, 1787, and was one of the most noted Baptist preachers in Connecticut for many years. He served as a private in the Connecticut Militia in the War of 181 J. His f.Uhcr, John Brockett, served in the War of the Revolution. Rev. Pier[)ont Brockett was for some time a missionary for the Connecticut Bajitist Convention, and traveled through the State looking after the interests of the denomination. He was a settled pastor at different periods at Clinton, Saybrook, Esse.x, West Springfield, Nortli .Stonington, W'inlhrop, L\-me, Col- chester and Wethersfieki, and was for three years chaplain of the Connecticut State Prison, at Wethers- field. After a long and useful life he retired from active service at the age of seventy-five. He died y\pril 7, 1868, having spent fifty years in the work of the ministry in the Baptist churches in New England. His record of baptisms was 284, and hundreds more dated their conversion from his wise and careful labors with them. He married Sarah Sage, daughter of Col. Josiah Sage and a relative of the well-known Gen. Comfort Sage, of Middletown, one of the heroes of the Revolution. Among other children born to him was Eikvard Judsoii Brockett. EnWAkl) JUDSON Brockktt, son of Rev. Pierpont and Sarah (Sage) Brockett, was born at Essex, Conn.. M irch 7, 1833. He was educated at Bacon Academy, Colchester, Conn., at that time one of the leading institutions of learning in New England. He began his business career as clerk in a publishing house in Hartford, Conn., and after a few years was called to New York as manager of the subscription book business of the firm of Mason Brothers. In 1858 he entered the employ of Battelle & Renwick, who were engaged in im- porting chemicals, as book-keeper and confitlential clerk, and on the ist of Januar\-, 1S83. became a member of the firm. By disposition antl business training he was fitted for places of trust, and, while never seeking position, was repeatedly elected as director or treasurer in various business corporations; also appointed executor of several estates. Mr. Brockett was for many years a resident of Brooklyn, and an active worker in the Hanson Place Baptist Church. While residing in Brooklyn he married Mary F. Gault, daughter of George Gault, one of the pioneer l^aptists of Brooklyn, who was instrumental in forming many of the churches in that city. The issue of this marriage was: George Pierpont (deceased), Francis E.. Edith A., Frederick S. (deceased), and Helen !•". On Mr. Brockett's removal to Orange, he at once identified himself with the North Orange Baptist Church, and was elected its Treasurer, liokiing theoitice toi tnii- teen years. The association, with such a noble band of workers as he found in connection with th.it churcii, and iiis daily intercourse witii such men as Gardner R. Colby, Edward Austen, W . A. Gellatly and Edwin C. Burt, (men who, having accomplished a noble work, have passed away), served as an inspiration to Mr. Brockett, and work on behalf of his own church seems to have been a leading thought The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 4^; ill his life. M;in\- of the improvements made to tlie iiropcrty of tlie Nortli Oninge Biii/f and other papers attracted wide-spread attention. Mr. Reed's deatii occurred April 22, 1S94. THE FORT FAMILY. J'oger I''ort, the ancestor of the New Jersey family of this name, in his will, signed his name Fforte, and it is claimed that the faniil\- is of Welsh descent. The English family of this name, which dates back to tiie Concjueror, is spelled Fort. Burke's Peerage, in giving the line of Earl Fortescue, says: "This noble family deduces its origin from Sir Richard le Forte, a distinguished soldier in the inwidiiig army of William the Conqueror, who protected his royal master at the celebrated battle of Hastings, b}- bearing a strong shield before him, from which event the French word rsi/u' (to shield) was added to the original surname of J-'or/, and thus Fortescue produced." The motto of Earl Fortescue, borne on his Coat of Arms, was: " I*"orte scutum salus ducuni." — " A strong buckler is the safeguard of the leaders." liurkc's General Armory gives the Coat Armour of the Fort family of England as: Arms. — Quarterly, azure and gules over all a castle or, on a chief argent a bee volant, ppr. between two martlets sable. Crest. — ()n a mount vert a lion sejant argent ])ellettee, collared gules holding in his dexter paw a cross crosslet fitchee of the last. Roger Forte, the ancestor of the New Jersey family of this name, came, probabl}-, from England with his wife Anne, between 1696 and 1702, and took Lip a tract of about six hundred and fifty acres of land in Burlington Count)-, N.J. lie built for himself a log house in Hanover township, near Pemberton, then called New Mills. This land has remained in the family until cjuite recently. He was a thrifty, prosperous farmer, \^y liis wife, Anna, he had John, Joseph, Miirmadiikc, Roger, Joan, Edith and Esther. Marmaduke F'ort, third child of Robert and Anna ( ) I'"ort, was born in the old log house on the homestead farm, in 1710. This log house and a subsequent frame one, built by Marmaduke, were both burnetl, ami he then built a frame house which, though improved, is still standing. He married, first, Mary , who died in 1786; he married second, Mrs. Mary Wells, of Bucks County, I'a. His children were all by his first wife. They were Anne. John. William. Elizabeth. Thomas. Both Marma- duke and his first wife were buried in the old Baptist cemetery at I'embei t(ni. near the Rancocas Creek. The tombstone contains the following inscription : " Stay, passengers, see wliere I lye, As you are now, so once was I, As I am now, so you must be. Prepare for death and follow me." Jiilin l'"ort, eklest son of .Marniatluke ami Mary ( ) Fort, was born at the homestead, in Pember- ton, Sej)teniber 15, 1745. He servetl in the New Jersey State Militia during the War of the Revolution. He, with other patriots, helped to supply the American arm\- while they were encamped near Phila- delphia. He married Margaret, daughter of Andrew and Mary Heisler. The\- had issue, Susannah, Mary, Deborah, Margaret. Aiit/rfu; John and Uaniel. JOHN FRANKLIN FORT. Till. Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 431 Andrew I-"oit, fifth child of Juliii aiul Margaret I'Hcislcr) Fort, was born in I'cmbcrton, February 8, 1787. lie united with the Methodist cluircli wlien he was but fifteen years of age. and led an upright Christian life. He was for man\- years a class leader and local preacher in that church. He married Nancy Piatt, daughter of Jacob and Latitia I'latt, of Wrightstown. Their children were: C'lor^i- Franklin, born June 30, iSog, became Governor of New Jersey; Margaret, born 181 1 ; Sarah Ann, born 1813; Mary, born 1814; John, born 1816; Jacob IMatt, born 1818; Susan, born 1820; Audnic llcislcr, born March 22, 1822; Daniel Adams, born 1826; Caroline, born 1827. George Franklin, the eldest son of Andrew Fort, became very prominent in the political affairs of the State. He was a member of the Assembly in 1844, of the Senate in 1S45, and was elected Governor of the State in 1850 by a majority of 6,000 votes. His contemporaries said of him that he was the most popular Governor New Jersey ever had. Andrew Ifeisler Fort, seventh child of .\ndrew and Nancy (Piatt) Fort, brother of George Franklin l""ort, was born in Pemberton, N. J., March 22, 1822. He is a leader in public affairs in his native County of Burlington. He represented his county in the State Legislature in 1866-7, ^nd ''•^^ \\c\i\ many public places in local town affairs. He resided upon the homestead of the Forts, originally settled in 1696, until a few years since, and was a thrifty farmer. He married H.mnah A. Brown, daughter of John HrowM, a prosperous Burlington County f.irmer. Of four children,./!'//;/ l-'ranklin is the eldest. Jiiiix I'KWKr.iN Fori", eldest cliild and only son of Andrew II. and Hanna A (Brown) Fort, was born at the homestead of his ancestors, in Pemberton, Burlington County, N. J., March 20, 1852. He was educated at Mount Holly Institute and Pennington Seminary. He began the study of law with Hon. Edward M. Paxson, now Chief Justice of the Supreme Court c)f Pennsylvania, and afterwards with Evan Merritt, a leading law)-er of Mount Hcjlly. While a law student with Mr. Merritt, he spent nine months in the office of Garret S. Cannon, a well-known lawyer and Prosecuting Attorney of Burlington County, afterwards U.S. District Attorney. lie completed his studies at the Albany, (N. Y ) Law School, from which he was graduated in 1872 with the degree of L. L. B. He was admitted to the bar of New Jersey as an attorney at the November term, in 1873, and as counsellor in 1876. He was journal cK rk of the New Jersey Assembly- in 1873 4. lie located in Newark, N. J., in May, 1874, and began his career as an attorney. In 187S he was appointed by Gov. George B McClellan, Judge of the First District Court of the City of Newark, for five years, and was re-appointed by Gov. George C. Ludlow, in 18S3, for an additional term of five years, but resigned in March, ib86, to resume the practice of his profession, which "as much more renumerative. He began his political career in 1872 before he reached his majoritw and during the (ireelcy presidential campaign of that year he made twenty-seven speeches. He has been conspicuous in State and local politics for nearly a quarter of a century. He was a delegate-at-large from New Jersey to the Republican National Convention, at Chicago, in 1884. He has invariably declined to become a candidate for any political office before the people. He was three years a member of the Republican State Committee, and was vice-chairman in 1890. He was chairman of the Republican State Convention that nominated Gen. Grubb for Governor in 1890. In 1893 he was chairman of the Republican State Committee which nominated John W. Griggs for Governor, and he was active in and a leader of the great reform upiising in the Stale which followed his nomination and resulted in his triumphant election. Judge Fort was appointed by the Governor of New Jersey a member of the Constitutional Commission created by the Legislature of 1894, and was active in the movement to simplify and reorganize the Courts of the Sta'e. In tlie winter of 1895 he was al.so appointed by the Governor for a term of five years, one of the three commissioners to confer with a like commission from every State in the Union to bring about a uniform system of laws in the .several States on the subjects of insurance, insolvency, wills, marriage and divorce, assignments, oaths, the law of negotiable instruments, the e.vemplification of the public records, and kindred questions. Judge Fort was a delegate to the Republican National Convention, at St. Louis, in 1S96, and became at once an active and prominent figure therein. He was chairman of the important Committee on Credentials, 432 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. presented its report and sustained it in an able speech in the matter of tlie Texas and Delaware State contests. He was selected by the New Jersey dele<^ation to present the name of the Hon. Garret A. Hobart as the candidate of that State for \'ice-President, and did so in a speech which has been universally commended and was enthusiastically received by the convention, Mr. Hobart being nomin- ated. Judge Fort's ability as a platform speaker, as a ready debater in association with the strongest men of the country, was demonstrated at St. Louis. A professional associate writes of Judge Fort as follows : "Admitted to practice as an attorney-at-law at the earliest date which the rules of our court permit — twenty-one — Judge Fort's progress in the profession was constant and rapid. Commencing the practice of law in the city of Newark, where he had taken his residence just after his admission, with no influential frienils or other influences to aid, by his industry and ability, his genial manner and kind deportment, he (|uickly attained a standing at the bar which others had been able to secure only after long years of patient labor. Of fine personal appearance, with social cjualities of a high order that at once attracted friends and secured a large clientage, he proved himself not onl\- a powerful advocate, but a clear-headed, well-equipped lawyer, quite as able to instruct the court in questions of law as to convince the jury in matters of fact. While his rise in the profession has been rapid, and his success in many respects phenomenal, it has proved to be the reward of merit and a just appreciation of real worth. Still in the ])rime of life, with rare endowments and abundant opportunity, for him a future of great achievement and marked distinction may safely be predicted." Judge Fort resided in Newark from the time he began practice until 1889, when he bought his present residence, No. 51 Arlington Avenue, East Orange. With his genial nature and social qualities, he soon identified himself with his new home. His surroundings were all that could be desired and he found here both pleasure and recreation, a relief from the busy cares of professional life, and a home in the truest sense of the word. He is a member of the Orange Athletic, the Riding and the Country Clubs ; and few people of longer residence have a larger circle of friends and accjuaintances. His professional services, always in demand, made him counsel for se\eral local corporations. He assisted in the organi- zation of the East Orange National Bank, of which he was at once made counsel, and in July, 1894, he succeeded Mr. F. M. .Shepard as President. Since April, 1893, he has been counsel for the township of East Orange, lie takes a li\ely interest in all measures for the ])ul)lic good. He is a believer in bene- ficial fraternities, being identified with several, but more particularl_\- interested in the American Legion of Honor, of which he is the general counsel for the United States. He is a member of Kane Lodge, F. & A. M., of Newark. He organized the Security Savings Bank, of Newark, and has been one of its managers and its counsel since that date. He was a director in the Manufacturer's National Bank, of Newark, for many years ])rior to becoming President of the East Orange National Bank. Judge Fort married Charlotte E. Stainsby, daughter of William Stainsb)', of Newark, a man promin- ent in State and local affairs, State Senator from 1883 to 1886, for fourteen years a member of the Common Council of Newark, and at present the President of the IJoard of Street and Water Commis- sioners of the City of Newark. Judge and Mrs. Fort have three children, Margretta, l-'ranklin William and Leslie Run\-()n. THK WHITTEHORE FAniLY. The n.inie of Whiltemore is familiar to the people of this locality thmugli their long intercourse with .Samuel Whittemore, one of the oldest architects in the Oranges, as well as through Henry Whilte- more, compiler of TllK FoiNDKKS AND BuiI.DKRS OK TIIK Orancks; both are descendants of the same American ancestor, though remotely connected. The New England (ri/n-ii/ci^/cd/ Rrj^ish-r (or Ociohcr. 1878, says: " Earliei- than the year 1 j;oo we fintl the first recorded name, /.<■., John, Lord of Wh\temere, having his domicile at W'hytemere, on the northeast side of the parish of Hobbington, in the manor of Claverly, in Shropshire. At the present time the same locality bears the name of Whittemore. * * * At the present day there is in the parish of Hobbington, in the manor of Ckuerly, Count}' of Salop, England, a place spelleil Whit-/-more, which is a modern looking farm-house, which has also been Till I'-QUNDERS ANIi HUII.HKRS OK TIIK ORANOKS. 433 spelled W'iiittcmorc ; and for centuries spelleil with a trisyllable. This locality is in tlic County of Salo[), but the greater part of the parish is in Staffordshire. The famil)- of VVhittemore has held in fee this place since the signing of the Great Charter at Runnymede, by King John, in 1215, and in early times the proprietors were called the " Lords of W'hytemere." Thomas Whittemore, the American ancestor, was the son of Thomas Whittemorc, who lived in lictchin, and was married in 1566; he died in Hetchin, 1617. Thomas, Jr., was one of the earliest settlers of (.'h.ulestown, Mass. He came to this country about 1640. In 1645 he purchased of Rev. John Gotten, of Boston, " meadow for two cows' grass." His farm was located in what is now Everitt, formerly Maldon, about three miles from Boston. It remained in possession of the Whittemores until May I, 1845, over two hundred years. He married Hannah . The children named in his will, dated February 8, 1660, are: Thomas, Daniel, Nathaniel, John, Elizabeth, Benjamin, Thomas, Samiit/, Pelatiah and Abraham. Samuel Whittemore, ninth son of Thomas and Hannah ( ) Whittemore, lived for a time at Dover, N. H., and subsequently settled upon a farm in what is now Somervilie, Mass., where he died September 15, 1756. He married Hannah . He and his wife were buried at Cambridge, Mass., He had nine children, the eldest being Samuel, born December 24, 1672, at Dover, N. H. This Samuel died in 1694, antl he had another Sniiiiirl, the ninth anil \-oungest child, born July 27, 1696. Samuel Whittemore (3), youngest child of Samuel iij and Hannah ( ) VVhittemore, was born July 27, 1696. He was an ardent patriot and served on various important committees at Cambridge, during the Revolution, and rendered valuable service. At the age of 80 he fired upon the British on their retreat from Lexington, killing two soldiers. He was struck in the face by a bullet, which shot away part of his cheek bone. He was mangled by the bayonets of the British soldiers and left for dead. He recovered in about four hours, and survived sixteen years. He died Februajy 3, 1793 or 1796. He married first, Elizabeth Spring; second, Esther Prentice, and had ten children. His second child, Elizabeth, married \\'illiam Cutler, and was the mother of thirty-six children. Thomas was the fifth child of Samuel. Thomas Whittemore, son of Samuel 13), was born October 29. 1729. He married Ann Cutler, and had eleven children: Anna, Thomas, Amos, born April 19, 1759. William, Susanna, Aaron, died soon. Aaron again, Rhoda, Lydia, Saiiiiiol, born March 25, 1774, Gersham. Amos Whittemore, the third child of Thomas, was the great inventor of the machinery for the manufacture of cards for carding cotton or wool, pronounced by Judge Story a "wonderful invention." A member of Congress was willing to vote for a perpetual patent, as "it was the only machine ever invented that had a soul." Samuel Whittemore, brother of Amos, and ninth child of Thomas and Ann (Cutler) Whittemore, was born in West Cambridge, March 25, 1774. In 1803, he established a brancli of the card machines in New York City, of which he was the manager, and subsequently became a partner with his brothers, Amos and William. He sold his interest in 1825, at the e.vpiration of the patent. This machine probably added more wealth to the country than any other one invention, and stimulated the great increase in the production of cotton which followed. Samuel Whittemore married Jane Hill Tileston, and had a son, Charles Roi^'aii. Charles Rowan Whittemore, son of Samuel and Jane (Tillestoni Whittemore, was born in New York City, in 1S13. He was associated with his father and uncle in the cotton card business, and represented the company in New York for many years. He married his second cousin, Clara Whitte- more, daughter of Timothy (son of Amos, the inventorV His children were: Saimiel /f'., Clara, Charles Harvey, Mary Augusta and William Adrian. Samuki. W. Wiiith:mork„ .son of Charles Rowan and Clara Whittemore, was born in New York City, March 25, 1839. He received his preparatory course at the public schools, and was graduated at the Free Academy, now the College of the City of New York. His first preceptor in architecture was Isaac G. Perry, now architect of the capitol at Albany. He was also associated with Thomas R. 434 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Jackson and John W. Rich. F"rom 1864 to 1869 he held a civil position in the engineers' department of the U. S. Army, at Willet's Point. He was the first resident architect in East Orange, having started in 1869. During his residence of more than a quarter of a century, he has designed a large number of private, as well as public buildings; among the latter is the Woman's Christian Temperance Union building, on Main Street, Orange. Mr. W'hittemore has been for a number of years identified with Christ Episcopal Church, East Orange, and has served as Junior Warden and Treasurer for the past four or five years. He served seven years as pri\-ate in Company H, Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. ^'., and is a member of the Seventh Regiment Veterans. Mr. Whittemore married Mary Louisa Clements, daughter of Abner Lee Clements, of Matagorda, Texas. Her mother was Mary Louisa Wells, daughter of James Wells, of New York City. THE HOWE FAMILY. The strong religious sentiment which pervades the Oranges has been for more than two hundred years an important factor in their de\'elopment. In every decade there has been found leading spirits ready to take up the work of their predecessors and push it with vigor and energy. Among those of the last decade is George R. Howe, who, for more than a cjuarter of a century, has been a most indefatigable worker in the ranks, and prominent in the councils of the Y. M. C. A., and has been equally prominent in the church he represents. He comes of a godly ancestry, and his early environments were of a godl)' character. His ancestors were not only distinguished for their devotion to the cause of religion, but for their intense patriotism and bold and earnest defence of the principles of civil and religious liberty. John How, the ancestor of the Marlborough (Mass.) branch of the Howe family, was a son of John How, Esq., of Hodinhull, in Warwickshire, England, and connected with the family of Lord Charles How. Earl of Lancaster, in the reign of Charles L He came to America and settled first at Watertown, Mass., and was at Sudbury in 1639. He settled at Marlborough about 1657, and built a log cabin a little to the east of the " Indian planting field," where his descendants lived for many generations. His proximity to tiie Indian plantation brought him into direct contact with the natives, with whom he lived in frientUy intercourse, and they not only respected his rights, but in many instances made him the umpire in cases of difficulty among themselves. He took the freeman's oath in 1640, was selectman and marshal in 1642, and was the first white settler in Marlborough, where he died in 16S7. By his wife, Mary , he had five sons, of whom Thomas was the fourth. Thomas How, fourth son of John and Mary ( ) How, was born June 12, 1656; died February 16, 1733. He "was a prominent citizen in town, filled the principal town offices, represented the town in the General Court, rose to the rank of Colonel in the militia, and was one of his Majesty's Justices of the Peace." He took an active part in the early Indian wars, and was in a severe action at Lan- caster. He married, first, Sarah Hosmer; second, Mrs. Mary Baron. He had six children, of whom Jonathan was the third. Jonathan How, third child of Thomas and Sarah (Hosmer) How, was born April 23, 1687: died June 22, 1738. He married Lydia Brigham, and had nine children, of whom Bc::alir/ wd.9. the third. Bezaleel How. third child of Jonathan and L\-ilia (^^Brigham) How, was born June 19. 1717. He married Anna , and had among other children a son, Bccalcel {2). Bezaleel Howe (2), son of Bezaleel (1) and Anna ( ) How, was born in Marlborough, Mass., Dec, 9, 1750. lie was the first to change the spelling of his name to Howe. H.is military record, both before and after the Revolution, shows continuous service of over twenty years. Ho enlisted as private in the New Hampshire Line, and marched to Boston about three weeks before the battle of Bunker Hill, but complained that he "was treated badly, not being brought into action, but held in the reserve." For all that he " loaded and fired several times, but the old gun kicked so that it almost dislocated his shoulder and caused him to desist." He served throughout the War of the Revolution, and at its clo-^e served under General Anthony Wayne in the Western Indian campaign against the Indians. The official record of Major Howe shows that lie was commissioned Second Lieutenant, First New 1 lampshire GEORGE R. HOWE The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 435 Regiment, November 8, 1776; wounded at Stillwater ( I'reeman's Farm), N. Y., September 19, 1777; First Lieutenant, June 23, 1779, and served to the close of the war; Lieutenant Second U. S. Infantry, March 4, 1791 ; Captain, November 4, 1791 ; assigned to Second Sub. Legion, September 4, 1792; Major, October 20, 1794; honorably discharged Nov. i, 1796. A certificate from (jcn. Washington, dated Ma\- u, 1788, states that "Mr. Howe, late a Lieut, in the New Hampshire Line of the Continental Army, was an officer of fair and respectable character; that he ser\ed some part of the last year of the war as an au.\iliar\' Lieutenant with my own guard ; that he commanded the escort which came with my l)aggage and papers to Mount Vernon at the close of the war, and that in all my acquaint- ance with him, I had great reason to be satisfietl with his integrity, intelligence and good disposition." Major He/.aleel Howe married, first, Hannah Merritt, October 26, 1787; he married, second, February 15, 1800, Catharine Moffat, daughter of Rev. John and Margaret (Little) Moffat. Their children were : Eliza. George C, Margaret, ./o//;/ Moffat, Oscar, Julia Ann, Catharine, Hezaleel. John Moffat Howf;, fourth child of Major Be/.aleel and Catharine (Moffat) Howe, was bor.i Jan. 23, 1806, at No. 12 Rose Street, New York, whence his father had removed at the close of his army life. He became earlj' in life a lay preacher in the Methodist Church, and began a special study of the scrip- tures with this end in view, and w-as for many years chaplain in the old New York Hospital, which stood on Broadway facing Pearl Street. He engaged in mercantile affairs and continued his religious work at the same time. He served in the State Militia as Lieutenant in tiie 255th Regiment. State Infantry, and also as Quartermaster of the regiment. He began the study of dentistry in 1826, with the aid of the best teachers obtainable in those days, and in 1838 he had achieved a good degree of success. He also studied medicine and received the degree of M. D. He instructed a number of young men in dentistry, among them his sons, John Morgan Howe, M. D., and Charles M. Howe, D. D. S. Asa physician he advocated correct and deep breathing and exercise in the open air ; and rendered import- ant service in the perfection of the inhaling tube for diseases of the throat and lungs, and for increasing the com[).iss of the voice. Dr. Howe devoted his Sabbaths to religious work, and week-days to the practice of his profession. More than fifty years of his life were spent in New York City, where he was almost constantly engageil in works of charity and mercy. From 1848 to 1S51 he resitled for a part of the year in Orange, where he bought a summer home on Centre Street. In 1853 he removed to Passaic. N. J., where he purchased a farm and established a home for himself. Referring to his life here, under the head of "Educational," a contemporary writer says : "In 1853 Dr. John M. Howe removed from the city of New York to Acquackanonk. He was a man of wealth and influence, and became a large land-owner and benefactor of the town. In 1856 he was elected Town Superintendent and President of the Board of School Trustees. He procured a vote of the citizens for the raising of §5,000 to erect a new school building. This was subsequently defeated, and he then built a private school-house, pri- marily for the benefit of his own family, but others, by paying the requisite tuition, were enabled to avail themselves of its advantages. This was known as Howe's Academy, and became a noted institu- tion and flourished for man\- years. Dr. Howe was recognized as one of the most public-spirited and progressive men of his day, and was largely instrumental in laying the foundation of the little village of Passaic, which has since become a flourishing city." Dr. Howe was three times married; first, to Mary Mason; second, Ann VV. Morgan, September 14. 1843, who died on the birth of her first child, John Morgan Howe. On May 7. 1846, Dr. Howe married Emeline Barnard Jenkins, daughter of Barzellai Jenkins and Susan Barnard. The first named was a descendant of Peter Jenkins, who came to this country in 1620. The Barnards trace their ancestry to John Carver, of the " Ma\flower." By his last marriage Dr. Howe had issue: (Jior^t^c Kmc/aiii/, Ed- win Jenkins, Charles Mortimer, Ella Louise. Emeline Jinkins and Susan Elenora. Dr. Howe died h'eb. 5, 1885. After his death his children ])ublished a memorial volume, much of which was made up from data collected by him during his long and eventful life. George Rowland Howe, son of John M. and Emeline B. (Jenkins) Howe, was born in New York City, October 21, 1847. His preparatory education was received mostly under a private tutor, 436 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges and he entered the New York University in the class of '68. Deciding to adopt a business career, he left college during his sophomore year, and entered the employ of Carter, Hale & Co., manufacturing jewelers of Newark, N. J. He won the confidence of his eniplo}-ers. and became thoroughly conversant with every part of the business, and in 18/6 was admitted as a partner in the firm of Carter, Ilowkins & Sloan, afterwards known as Carter, Sloan & Co. Since 188 1 Mr. Howe has been manager of the manufacturing department, and on January i, 1896, the name of the firm was changed to Carter, Hastings & Howe. This is not onl}- the oldest, but the largest manufacturing jewelrj- firm in the United States, and during the later years of its existence Mr. Howe has contributed in no small degree to its success. While his business qualifications receive due recognition from his associates and the business public, Mr. Howe is best known in connection with the religious interests of Newark and East Orange. On coming to Newark he united with St. Paul's M. E. Church, in which he became an acti\e worker One year after his advent here, he entered the ranks of the Young Men's Christian Association as a represent- ative of his own church. He threw all his energies into the work, and for more than thirteen years has labored for its advancement, and thousands of young men have been brought under its influences. It is now one of the most successful institutions of the kind in this country, and Mr. Howe had no small share in bringing it to its present condition. He was for three years its President, and has been itlenti- fied with its Board of Trustees almost from the beginning. About 1888 Mr. Howe jjurchased a plot of land on the corner of Arlington and Park Avenues, East Orange, and on this erected a handsome villa, which, on account of its admirable architectural features, has attracted the attention of the Sciriitijic Aiinriitjii, and led to a favorable notice. Mr. Howe had not been long a resident of East Orange before his influence was felt in the religious community; and though modest, yet energetic in his endeavors, his light is never " hidtien under a bushel." He united with the Calvary M. E. Church, and was sot)n after elected a member of the Board of Trustees, and has since been active in promoting its temporal and spiritual interests. Mr. Howe was the prime mover in the effort to establish a mission school in I'last Orange, near the Roseville line, in the autumn of 1893. The effort was made conjointly between the Roseville M. E. Church, of Newark, and the Calvary M. E. Church, of East Orange, but the work was subsequently assumed by the Newark Church E.xtension Society. Mr. Howe has been Superintendent of the school since its organization, and under his management there has been a steady increase, both in numbers and in interest. As a member of the Board of Education of East Orange, Mr. Howe has given attention to the fur- ther advancement and progress on lines already established. Nearly his whole time outside of his busi- ness is devoteil to the moral, educational and religious ini])rovement of the community where he has established his home. Mr. Howe married Louisa Anna, daughter of Paris and Jane (Eno) Barber, a distinguished and public-spirited citizen of Homer, Cortland Count}-, N. V., and a descendant of Thomas Barber, who came from I-^ngland to Dorchester, Mass., in 1635, and settled in Windsor, Conn., 1637. The latter was Lieutenant of the first military company of Simsbury, Conn. The line of descent was through Samuel Barber, his son, and David (i), David (2), Aaron, Jedediah ; the latter was the father of Paris Barber. The issue of the marriage of Mr. Howe and Louisa Barber is: George R., died in infancy; Herbert Barber and Ruth Eno. THE POTTER FAHILY. As a representative of the Potter family in the Oranges, Hon. Henry A. Pottei- has added new lustre to a name which has for many generations been associated with some of the most important events in English historj-. The Potter famil\- is said to be of Norman origin, the spelling of which was Pottier or Porterie. The direct ancestor of Hon. Henry A. Potter was George Potter, an officer of Cromwell's army, who accompanied him from I'-nglaiid and was com|)ensated for his serv'iccs by grants of lantl in iy-^,- ■ HENRY A. POTTER. The Founders and liuiujERs oi- the Oranges. 437 tlie County of Farmanagh. Under the settlement and plantation of 1660 (time of Charles IIj, (ieorge Totter was confirmed in the possession of several estates in the above named county, afterwards known as Potterstown or Pottersrath. In the year 1791, James Potter, a representative of this family, became possessed of property in the County of Tyrone. On his death he was succeeded by his son, George Potter, who, by his marriage with Ann Scott, left issue, amoni,' other cliildren, 'J'/ioiiias Potter. George Potter removed to tiiis country in 1828 and settled in Philadelphia, Pa. Thomas Potter, son of George Potter, was born at Relaghquiness, Tyrone County, Ireland, August 14, 1819; died at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, September 29, 187S. He came with his parents to this country at the age of ten years, and was educated in Philadelphia. He was for many years a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, and as chairman of the Finance Committee was mainly instru- mental in the city's acquiring the land now known as West Fairmount Park, and in the establishment of the paid fire department. He established, in 1837, the house of Thomas Potter, Sons & Co., one of the largest firms of oil cloth manufacturers in the United States. He was President of the City National Bank, of Philadelphia, for many years, up to the time of his death. His activity, enterprise and sound judgment made him very successful in liis business, and he soon realized a large fortune which he employed with great liberality for the benefit of his fellow-men. He held many positions of trust and responsibilit\- in the municipal and financial corporations, and left behind him the character of a Christian gentleman, remarkable for its purity, uprightness and generosity, without a stain to dim its lustre. He was gentle and courteous in his manners, kind and affectionate in his disposition, earnest and indefatigable in his efforts to promote the cause of religion and benevolence. Like the centurion of old, he built, at his own expense, a church for his neighbors, consisting chiefly of his workmen and their families, and was also a munificent contributor to almost every institution of religion and charity. 1 Ic married Adeline Coleman Bower, daughter of George Bower, who was the son of Gen. Jacob Bower, born in Reading, Pa., September, 1757, died in VVomelsdorf, Pa., August 6, 181 8. General Bower was a distinguished officer of the Revolutionary War. The official records show that he was Quartermaster in Capt. George Nagle's Conijiany, Col. Thompson's Rifle Battalion. J une -5- '775- This company marched from Reading, Pa., to Cambridge, Mass., and took part in the battles of Bunker Hill and Lachmer's Point, for which they were publicly thanked by Washington in general orders, dated November 10, 1775. He was Lieutenant in hirst Pennsylvania Regiment, Continental Line, January 18, 1776; Captain I'ennsylvania Inlying Camp, Continental Line, 1776; Captain Si.xth Pennsylvania Regiment, February 15, 1776; Captain Second Pennsylvania Regiment, January 1, 17S3, to the close of the war, being then twenty-five years of age. He was one of the officers who, on May 13, 1783, in the Cantonment of the Hudson River, formed the general Society of the Cin- cinnati. He was an original member of the Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati, which convened in Philadelphia, October 4, 1783. His son. Dr. Henry Bower, succeeded to the membership in 1823, and his grandson, Dr. William Bower, in 1845. Gen. liower was one of the five delegates appointed by the Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati to the first meeting of the General Society of the Cincinnati, held from May 4 to May 18, 1784, in Philadelphia, (ien. Washington in the chair. It was at this .session that the rejily was prepared and signed by Washington, as President, and issued to the people of the United States, setting forth that the Cincinnati Society was not an aristocratic military order, but an organization formed by the officers of the Revolution for the purposes of keeping in memory the principles for which they fought, the privations which they suffered, and also to provide for the comfort of the widows and orphans of American officers left in destitute circumstances. In the War of 1812, Capt. Bower was appointed by Governor Snyder, of Pennsjivania, Brigadier General, commanding First Brigade, Sixth Division, Pennsylvania Regiments. The children of Thomas and Adeline (Bower) Potter were: George, born August 7, 1846, died October 4, 1876; Margaret, born July 16, 184S, died November 23, 1854; Thomas, Jr., born July 12. 1850; a man prominent in public affairs in Philadelphia, also in State military affairs; Ass't Ouarter- 438 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. master-General on Gov. Bean's and Gov. Hastin<^s' staff; William was Minister to Italy, appointed by President Harrison and completed his term under President Cleveland, and represented the United States at the International Postal Congress, in Vienna, May, 1891 ; Margaret, again, born December 12, 1854, married Stcplicii J. Meeker, of Newark, a descendant of one of tlie " Elizabethtown Associates;" llciiry Albert, born Dec. 19, 1856; James Bower, born Nov. 2, 1858; Charles A., born Oct. 4, i860. Hon. Hknry AiiiEKT Poiter, si.xth child of Thomas and .Adeline Coleman (Bower) Potter, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 19, 1856. He pursued his preparatory studies at the Friends' Central High .School, PhiladLl[)hia, and entered the University of Pennsylvania with the class of '■;■], but left at the eiul of his sophomore year and joined the class of '" at Lafayette College, where he graduated with the degree of B. S. He was a member of the Sigma Chi I"raternity. He soon after entered his father's factory and began, the same as his father did, to learn the business, so as to fit him for the position which he was likely to assume in the near future. He worked his way up, step by step, and when he was fully qualified to take charge he was appointed superintendent, and in 1879 he was received into the firm as a partner. The following year he established the New York branch, the business of which has steadily increased under his management, notwithstanding the sharp competition of old and long established houses which he had to contend with. He built up a local trade second only to that of the parent house. Mr. Potter settled in East Orange the same year that he established business in New York, and purchased the Reune Martin place at 95 Harrison Street. He expended a large amount in external and internal improvements. Mr. Potter soon became interested in local politics and gradually his influence extended throughout the State, and he is at the present time recognized as one of the strongest men in the Republican party. While participating in every movement for the advancement of party interests he is in no sense a I)olitician according to the modern acceptation of the term. His ])()sitic)n is always clearly defined and his course straightforward and upright. He has ne\'er been known to resort to any irregular means to advance party ends. His entrance into public life began in 18S5, when he was elected to the State Legislature. It was during the height of the labor agitation, and he had the combined elements of the Democratic and the Labor parties against him ; the district then included Orange and East Orange. Under the circumstances he was elected by a fair majority. His course in the Legislature was manly and upright and exceedingly gratif)'ing to his constituents, lie introduced and carried through two important measures relating to his own township, viz., the division of East Orange into wards, and the organization of the Board of Education. Mr. Potter declined the nomination for a second term tendered him by his part)-, not only as a matter of precedent, but because they believed him to be the best and strongest man to represent his district. Mr. Potter has been liberal in his donations to the party for legitimate expenses, but for no other purpose. In 188S Mr. Potter was a delegate to the National Convention which nominated Benjamin Harrison ; and after the election, in which Mr. Potter took a prominent pait, he was offered the position of Secretary of Legation, at Berlin, b\- Hon. William Walter Phelps, which he declined. He has made frequent trips to Washington on behalf of the oil cloth manufacturers, to protect their interests. Mr. I'dtter's efforts in behalf of Orange have been by no means limited to politics, but whatever concerns the public good or advances the welfare of the people, whether educational, religious or social, he can always be depended on to do his full share. He was one of the originators of the Orange Athletic Club, anil was one of its governors; he also assisted in the reorganization and rebuilding of the ()rangeClub. 1 le is a member of the Country Club and other social orgatiizations. Of his ])ersonal traits, to which his success in life is due, much might be said with truthfulness. Heredity ami en\iron- ment iiave played an equal part. .Mr. Potter is a man of sound sense and practical wisdom in all that relates to the e\ery-daj- concerns of life. He is pleasant and unaffected in manner, entertaining in conversation, frank and generous with all whom he encounters in business or social intercourse. His personal qualities insure to him great popularity, while his public services entitle him to the respect and confidence of the communitj-. HENRY H. HALL The Founders and Bhilpers of the Oraxces. 439 He married, 011 April 9, 1S79, ■^''='^ Frances Green, daughter of Justice Henry Green, of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. He was the son of Enoch, son of John, son of Richard (2), son of Richard (i), son of William, the ancestor, who left England at an early age and landed at Philadelphia. He soon after visited Long Island and there became acquainted with John Ruder, whose sister or daughter he married, and removed to Ewing township about 1700. He purchased 345 acres of Col. Daniel Coxe, the deed bearing date 1712, and on it erected the first brick house in the township, which is still standing, having on the west end the date 1717. His qualities were such as to give him distinc- tion, for he was appointed the first Judge of Hunterdon County, N. J., and from the frecpicnt mention of his name in public office, he was evidently a prominent and useful citizen. John Green, the great- grandfather of Mrs. Potter, .served in the Revolutionary War, in the First and Second Battalions, of Salem, also State troops, also Continental Army. The mother of Mrs. Henry A. Potter was Anna Hulsizer, daughter of Daniel llulsizcr and Christiana Hummer. I3aniel was the son of Christopher, son of Martin Hulsi/.cr, who came from (iciniany about 1750, ant! located firsi at Phillipsburg and later resided at different points along the Musconctcong Creek. His sons were Christopher, Jacob, Valentine and John Martin. THE MALL FAHILY. Represented by Henry Harrington Hall. The />os//!:r line of ancestry of Henr\- H. Hall is from Daniel, of Marshfield, Mass., supposed to be a son of John, a direct descendant of William Hall. William Ilall ( i ) was one of a list of fifty-nine persons who, in 1638, were admitted inhabitants of an island on the coast of Rliode Island, now called Aqucdunt. He was an inhabitant of Newport, R. I., in 1639; was on the list of freeman of Portsmouth in 1655. In 1673 he was appointed as a committee for the purpose of treating with the Indians about drunkenness, and to prevent, if possible, the excess of this vice, which had become so prevalent among them. The children named b\- William Hall in his will were: Zurill, W'i/liatit (2), Benjamin, Elizabeth, Rebecca, Deliverance. William Hall (2), son of William (i), was born in 1670. He married Alice, daughter of John Tripp, of Portsmouth, and had ten children, of whom Prcscr't'cd wd^s the second. Preserved Hall, second child of William (2) and Alice (Tripp) Hall, was born in Portsmouth, Aug. 29, 1675. He married Elizabeth Vaughn, in North Kingston, R. I. Their children were: John, born 1732; George, Robert, Caleb, Mary, David, Dorcas. John Hall, eldest child of Preserved and Elizabeth (Vaughn) Hall, was born August 10, 1732. He married Hannah, daughter of Captain Jonathan Matterson, who resided in West Greenwich. Their children were : Phebe, born 1756; Oliver, born 1758; Solomon, born 1761 ; John, born 1764; Hannah, born 1766; Daniel, born March 19, 1770. Daniel Hall, supposed to be the son of John and Hannah (Matterson) Hall, was born March 19, 1770. He resided in Marshfield, Mass., and was a teacher of navigation in a colonial college. He married Polly P'iske, a descendant of John Fiske, who settled at W'atcrtown, Mass., about 164S, and took the oath of fidelit\- in 1(152. Daniel Hall had, among other children, a son George. George Hall, son of Daniel and Polly (Fiske) Hall, was born in Cohasset, Mass., in 1792, and after- wards removed to Boston, where for some years he was a well-known builder and later a survej-or. He married Mary P'iske Harrington, daughter of Peter Harrington, a descendant of Robert, the ancestor. Robert Harrington's name is the last on the list of the proprietors of Watertown. Mass., 1642. He owned a hamstall, given him by Thomas Hastings. His inventory names sixteen lots of land, amount- ing to 642^ acres. He was admitted a freeman May 27, 1663. He married, October i, 1649, Susanna, daughter of John (ieorge, and had i.ssue twelve children, among whom was George. George Harrington, son of Robert and Susanna (George) Harrington, was born November 24, 1655. He was a soldier and was killed by the Indians at Lancaster, February 10, 1676. He married Su.-;anna , and had a son, Edioard. 440 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Edward Harrington, son of George and Susannah ( ) Harrington, was burn March 2, 166S. He married and had a son, Xatkanicl. Nathaniel Harrington, son of Edward, was born in Watertown. June 25, 1706. He graduated at Harvard College, and was known as " Master Harrington." He marrieil Mary Kimball, wlio died in 1760; he married, second, in 1762, Mary Clarke, By his first wife he had a son, Peter. Peter Harrington, son of Nathaniel and Mary (Kimballj Harrington, was born in Watertown, May 4, 1752. He married, in 1775, Anna Hammond, and had issue, Samuel, Nathaniel, Peter (2). Peter Harrington (2), son of Peter (i) and Anna (Hammond) Harrington, was born Decembers, 1782. He married and had a daughter, Mary Fiske, wife of George Hall. Henrv Harrixgtox Ham,, son of George and Mary Fiske (Harrington) Hall, was born in Boston, Mass., May 16, 1846. He began his business career as clerk in the Boston office of the Home Fire Insurance Comp my. He came to New York in 1867 and was for some years Secretary of the National Fire Insurance Co. Subsequently he was appointed branch manager of the Northern Insurance Co., of London, which position he resigned in April, 1889, and formed, with W. W. Henshaw and E. K. Beddell, the firm of Hall & Henshaw, of New York, and Goodwin, Hall & Henshaw, of Chicago, now represent- ing the Union, of London, and several other foreign and American companies. He was President of the New York Board of Fire Underwriters in 1886-7, and later President of the Underwriter's Salvage Company. He is one of the best known underwriters in this country, and a recognized authority on all matters pertaining to fire insurance. During the latter part of the Civil War Mr. Hall served as private in Company C. Forty-Second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, and was with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley. Mr. Hall has been a resident of the State of New Jersc\- for upwards of twelve years; five years of this was spent in Upper Montclair. Since his removal to East Orange, in 1S88, he has won the esteem of his fellow-citizens by his efforts in behalf of good government and the promotion of religious, social and benevolent affairs of the township. He was a trustee in the First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange, and one of the most earnest and indefatigable workers in tlie movement which led to the organization of the Arlington Avenue Presbyterian Church. He was the fir.st chairman of its Board of Trustees and served until the completion of the undertaking and the extinguishment of the church debt. His influence is equally felt in the affairs of the township, in social gatherings, and in fact every- thing that pertains to the happiness, comfort and well-being of his neighbors. Though of a quick, nervous temperament, he is genial, frank, open and free-hearted. He is a member of the Country Club, the Athletic Club, of the Oranges, and the Down Town Club and New England Society, of New York. Mr. Hall married, first, Abby Goodwin, daughter of Sylvester Goodwin, of Elliot, Maine, a descend- ant of Ozias, born in England about 1596, one of the first settlers of Hartford, Conn. The name is derived {xom i^tida — good, and r.'////— friend, /. e., good friend. The issue of this marriage was Harring- ton, Goodwin and Robert Lincoln. The latter name was given in remembrance of Mr. Hall's grand- mother, who was the niece of Gen. Lincoln, of Revolutionary fame. Mr. Hall married, second, Emma TwitchcU, daughter of Dr. Henry Twitchell, of Brooklyn, formerly of Whitehall, N. Y. By this marriage there is one child, Henry Twitchell. THE ATWOOD FAMILY. Stephen Atwood, the ancestor of the Cape Cod family of this name, .settled at Plymouth not later than 1643. His name first appears on the roll at Plymouth among those liable to military duty. He was one of the founders of Eastham, on the east side of Cape Cod Bay, nearly opposite Plymouth. The place is now known as Wellsfleet. The Atwood homestead stood near the spot where the exploring party of the Pilgrims had their first encounter with the Indians, previous to the landing at Plymouth. Stephen Atwood married Abigail Dunham, daughter of John, at Plymouth, November 16. 1644. Among other chiUlrcn he had Eldad, born about 1654. Till. Founders and IUhlders ok tiiic Oranges. 441 I'Jdad Atwood, soil of Stephen aiul Aliigail Atwood, was born at Eastliani, about 1654. lie married Anna Snow, daughter of Mark, February 14, 1683, and had children: Mary, born November, 1684; John, born August 10, 1686; Anne, born January, i6S8; Deborah, born March, 1690; Sarah, born April, 1692; Fldad. born July 9, 1695; Fbenezer, born March, 1697; Henjamin, born June, 1701. John Atwood. son of Eldad and Anna (Snow) Atwood, was born in the town of Easlham, August 10, 1686. He married Tliankful VVilliamson. September 28, 1719. Their children were: William, born April 14, 1721 ; Mary, born Februan,' 15, 1723; John, born September 25, 1725; Thankful, born May 28, 1727; Ephraini, bom Maich 9, 1728; Timotliy, born July 5, 1731 ; Simeon, born November 3, 1733. Timothy Atwood, son of John and Thankful (Williamson) Atwood was born at Fastham, July 5, 1731. He married Susannah Harding, of Chatham, Mass., a descendant, probably, of Fdward Harding, one of the first settlers and original proprietors of Dedham, Mass. The children of Timothy and Susannah (Harding) Atwood were: David, born August 24. 1758; Susannah, born July 20, 1760: John, born October i 1, 1765 ; Deborah, born January 20. 1792 ; Harding, born Januaiy 7, 1796. Timothy Atwood died December 24, 1820, aged 89 David Atwood was born at Eastham, August 24, 1758. He was the son of Timothy and Susanna (Harding) Atwood. He served in Captain Winslow Lewis' Company in the War of the Revolution. lie was a seafaring man, as were most of the people of that localiiw He married, April g, 1781. Susannah Newcomb, daughter of William Newcomb, a descendant of Francis Newcomb, who came from Braintree, England, on the ship "Planter," in 1635, and was one of the original proprietors of Braintree, Mass. The children of David and Susannah (Newcomb) Atwood were: Timothy, born November 7, 1782, lost at sea, August 27, 1807; Amaziali, born September 25. 1784; Hannah, born September 29, 1786, married John T,. Daniels; David, born January 25. 17S9; William Newcomb, born August 12, I79i,and died in infanc\-; William Newcomb, born December 12. 1792; Vashti Cole, born October 3, 1795, married Joseph S. Rich, of Mero; Susannah Harding, born Novem- ber 22, 1797, married Jesse W. Lewis; Joshua, born September 28. 1800. still living; Mehitabel Mayo, born December 5, 1802, married Edmund Hawes; Timothy, born December i, iSog. Amaziah Atwood, son of David and Susanna (Newcomb) Atwood, was born at Wellfieet, (set off from the town of Eastham. in 1763,) September 25, 1784. He was a sea captain, and made "deep- water" voyages. He was interested in shipping, and had, besides, landed interests. He afterwards removed to Southboro, Mass., w licre he died March 22, i860. He married Sally Snow, of Truro, daughter of Sylvanus, September 8, 1808, and had issue: Eunice, born June 13, 1809, married Henry A. Holbrook; Sarah, born February 28, 1815, married David Cole (2); Amaziah, born February 28. 1818, died in infancy; Francis Atnaziali, born Januaiy 31, 1821 ; and four others, died in infancy. Francis Amaziah Atwood, son of Amaziah and Sally (Snow) Atwood, was born at Wellfieet. Ma.ss., January 31, 1821. He went to Boston as a young man, where he carried on business for some years, and died in Chelsea, Mass., September 11, 1851. He married Mary Snow, daughter of Samuel Snow, whose name originally was Salvator Sebate y Morel, a native of Villa Sec, Spain. He came to this country in childhood, and was adopted by Captain Ephraim Snow, of Cohasset, Mass., whose name he took. He was master of a ship and was lost at sea. The mother of Mary Snow was Betsy Pratt. The children of Francis A. and Mary (Snow) Atwood were : Edward Stanley, born December 5, 1842 ; Sarah Elizabeth, born August 6, 1845, 'J'ed young: ALiry Frances, born January 5, 1848. and Horace Frank- lin, born February 5, 1850. Eli\v.\ui> Stanley At\vo(id, son of Francis and Mary (Snow) Atwood, was born in Boston, Mass., Decembers, 1842. He was prepared for college at Kimball Union Academy, and was graduated at Williams' College in 1863, and took his degree of A. ^L three years later. His early business career be- gan in a large shipping-house in Boston. He came to New York City in 1869, and since then has been engaged in the copper and metal business. He was one of the early members of the Maritime A.ssocia- tion, popularly known as the Maritime Exchange, and was its President from 1S92 lo 1895. Since then he has been Supt. of Docks, in the Dock Department of New York City, where he now resides. 442 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Durin^f tlic first years of his business life, Mr. Atwood was a resident of Brooklyn, where he was well known in religious and Masonic circles. He was connected with the Second Presbyterian Church, since united with Dr. Van Dyke's Church. He was one of the most active members of Montauk Lodge No. 286, F. & .\. .M., and served two years as Worshipful Master, besides filling other important positions. He moved to East Orange in 1873, and for more than twenty years has been identified with the religious and public interests of the township. He purchased the property which he still owns, at 289 William Street, and subsequently purchased adjoining property on both sides. He erected two attractive cottages and made other improvements. He sold to the trustees of the Methodist Church the property on which the Calvary Methodist parsonage now stands. Mr. Atwood is well-known as a public-spirited citizen, who has always interested himself in the affairs of the township, and in its growth and prosperit\-. He was one of the most active in the move- ment, and was chairman of the committee a[)p()inteil b)- the citizens of the township to raise funtls for the purchase of the propeity on which the Ea>t Orange depot of the D., L. & W. R. R. now stands, one of the most important improvements ever made in this locality. He was a charter member of Ashland II. & L. Co., No. I, the parent organization of the ex- cellent P'ire Department of East Orange, and was its first and only Treasurer u[) to 1895. In his church relations, Mr. Atwood has been identified with the First, or what is known as the Munn Avenue Presbyterian Church. He served nine years as an elder of the church, and was six }-ears Superintendent of the Sunday-school, and has been more or less identified with all the measures which ha\-c resulted in the [jrescnt material pros- perity- (if the church. Mr. .Atwood married, September 19, 1871, Mary V.., daughter nf Daniel T. Le\-erich, of Brooklyn, a descendant of Rev. William Le\'erich, who landed at Salem, Mass , in 1633, and afterwards settled at Sandwich, Mass. lie was leader of the colony which landed at 0\-ster Bay, L. I., in i'')33, ami after successful labors there and at Huntington, was scttleti as pastor of the church at Middleling, now Newton, L. I. His descendants have been promin- ng Island for more than two lunulred years. Daniel T. His wife was a direc Kl>WAKIl SIANl.l-.V AlUOOIl. ently identified with the [)ublic affairs of Leverich, referred to, is Financial Secretary of the Society of Old l^rooklynites tor and acti\'elv interested in \-arious bene\olcnt organizations in Bmoklvn. THE DILL FAHILY. Rev. James Horton Dill, youngest child of James Dill and Ruth Cushing Dill, was born in Ply- mouth, Mass., January 1, i8ji. He was educated at Vale College and Seminary, entered the ministry in Winchester, Conn., where he .served six years, and afterward settled in Spencerport, N. V. He began there a systematic work of visiting the entire region round about, with a view to awaken a popular interest in the faith and order of the Pilgrims, and chiefly through his indirect agency the large and influential Plymouth Church of Rochester, was organized, and their edifice built. He delighted to make journeys at his own ex[)ense and suggestion, as a general missionary of the gootl cause. Or.e of his JAMES B. DILL. TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 443 cnnteinpdian'cs -^aiil of him : " Mr. Uill lias done more to cstalilisli Con^rcjjational cluirches in Western New York than any otlur ni.in in twenty years." He remained in Spencerport nearly eight years, and finally removed to Chicago and became the pastor of the South Congregational Church, when, after a three years' occupancy of the pulpit, ho offered his services to the Army of the Republic. During his pastorate he was long the correspondent of the New York Indcpcndcut, writing under the ttoin ,{c f33, and became one of the larjjest proprietors of the town, and was one of the petitioners for its incor|)oration, in 1654. He removed to Cambridge, where he dictl in 1(1114, lie left five children, three born in England and two in Lancaster. Stephen (jates (3), son of Stephen (i). was born in Norwich, England, and came with his father to this country, lie married Sarah, tlaughter of George Woodward, about 1664. He resided in and near Boston. He had among other children a son, Tlioiiias. Thomas Gates (0, son of Stephen and Sarah ( Woodward) (jates, was born in Boston, December 31, 1669. hi early manhood he removed to that part of Norwich, Conn , now known as I'reston. The names of Stephen ami Tlu)mas are mentioned in the records of Preston as early as 1720. Thomas Gates married Margaret Geer and had a son, Tliouias. Thomas Gates (2), son of Thomas (i) and Margaret (Geerj Gates, was born in I'reston about 1709. He inherited from his father the homestead which was owned and occupied by four generations of the family. He married Elizabeth Mitchell, of the adjoining town of Norwich. They had among other children, a son, Cyrus, born in 1753. Cyrus Gates (1), son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Mitchell) Gates, was born in Preston, Conn., in 1753. In the War of the Revolution, among the names of the "Officers and Soldiers in the 3d militia Company in the town of Preston, & inhabitants of %^ town," appears the name of Corporal Cyrus Gates. He married Ruth Rockwell, and lived at the homestead in Preston. They had a son, Cyrus. Cyrus Gates (2), son of Cyrus (1 ) and Ruth (Rockwell) Gates, was born at Preston, July 12, 1784. He married Patty Hewitt, September 5. 1813. She was a descendant of one of the numerous Huguenot families that fled from France to Holland after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and eventually found a lefuge in this cnuntr\-. Of the children of Cyrus and Patty (Hewitt) Gates, Isaac liihviu was the )-oungest. Most of the members of this br.inch of the Gates famil\- have been engaged in agri- cultural pursuits. IS.A.AC Ed\VIX Gates, youngest son of Cyrus (2) and Patt\- ( Hewitt) Gates, was born at Preston, Conn., January 2, 1833. Like Cincimiatus, of old, as well as his own ancestors, his first lessons in the practical duties of life were learned while following the plow, and as a little child he was taught to repeat the lines : " He who by the plow would thrive. Himself must either hold or drive." He began to "dri\e" when but five years of age, and took his place between the plow handles as soon as he was tall enough to hold them. His rudimentary knowledge of books was obtained at the district school, the sessions of which were limited to the five winter months. He was naturally studious and ambitious, and with these limited advantages he was able, at the age of seventeen, to pass the requisite examination, and ipialified as a teacher. He taught during the winter months, the remainder of the time attending to the duties of the farm. Early in life he decided to enter the ministry, having united with the Baptist church in his native town at the age of thirteen. He alternated between farm work and teaching for four years, and then entered the Connecticut Literar)- Institution, at Suffield, where, during the latter part of his course, he acted as assistant teacher, continuing his studies and keeping up with all of his classes. He entered the sophomore class at Madison— now Colgate — University, in 1S55, graduating as valedictorian of his class in 1858. After completing his collegiate studies, he entered the Hamilton Theological Seminary, taking the full two years' course, graduating in the summer of i860. Previous to this he accepted a call to the pastorate of the First Baptist Church, of Milwaukee, where he was ordained in the fall of i860. During his pastorate of nine years he served two churches, which were greatly blessed by his labors. This period embraced the five years of the Civil War. During this period his patriotic devotion to the Union cause was noteworthy. Both in the pulpit and out of it, he was zealous, active and earnest, and his sermons had no " uncertain sound." To arouse 446 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. the patriotism of the masses, to encourage enlistinents in his own churcli, to aid in sanitar\- ami C'hrist- ian commissions, formed no small part of iiis arduous labors in behalf of the Union cause. He never neglected, however, his pastoral and educational work, especially that of the Sunda)- School, in which lie was a most devout and earnest laborer, and a [jortion of time was Superintendent of the Suntlay Sciiool. The vast amount of labor involved in these various duties and the constant strain upon a peculiarly sensitive, nervous organization, proved too much for him, and necessitated his retirement from a professional life. He resigned his pastorate in the spring of 1869, and on coming to New York, resolved to enter upon a business career, which circumstances favored and for which results have shown he was eminently fitted. In May, 1869, he entered the service of the Central I'.icific Railroad Company as an assistant to the Vice-President, in New York City, of which company he is now second \'ice-President. He developed a capacity for business for which he himself, perhaps, was unconscious, but which others were not long in discovering. For several years he has been acting Vice-President and Ass't Secretary of the Southern Pacific Company, which controls and operates the Morgan Line of steamships, running between New York and New Orleans, and the railroad lines from New Orleans to San Francisco, known as the "Sun- set Route," from San Francisco, Cal., to Portland, Ore., and Ogden, Utah, which, with affiliated lines, forms one of the most extensive railroad systems in tiie United States. Mr. Gates has filleil, and still holds \'arious important positions in connection with railroad and other business affairs, notably Treas- urer and subscquentlj- I'resident of the Kentuck\- Central Railway Company, Secretary and Treasurer of the Chesapeake, ( )hio ami Southwestern Railroad Company, Treasurer of the Old Dominion Land Company, which took the initiative in building the new city of Newport New's, \'a., and Treasurer of the Newport News Shi[>building and Dry Dock Company ; the latter company has built up at Newport News one of the finest and most extensive shi])-building plants in the world. " Nothing succeeds like success" is a truism that applies to every-daj- life. It is seldom, however, that one who in earl\' life adopts a professional career ever succeeds in any other. Mr. Gates was not only a successful preacher ami a devoted and earnest pastor for ten }-ears of his life, but has been uniformly successful as a business man, and in every position which he has filled he lias displayed executive ability of the highest order. He has that rare equijioise between courage and judgment, which saves him from being rash in the hour of reflection, and from indecision at tlie moment of action. There is a mean between the theoretical — which penetrates ultimate causes and comprehends remote influences, and the practical — which looks ahead at the immediate result and the impediments. From that stand- point, the man who gets there tests and rectifies theories, weighs on fundamental principles, means and ends, and finishes by concentrating the power of all causes toward the accomplishment of a single object. The theorist lacks result, and the [)ractical man lacks power; but the man who is alive to the duty of to-day, and who has spent his time in settling principles and correcting them by daily applica- tion to those ends which are the object of an active and eminent life, illustrates the elements of success. Mr. Gates was for about se\enteen years a resident of Klizabeth, N. J., where he made many warm friends. That he accomplished great good, that he "redeemed the time," goes without saying, for his life has been a busy one, .ind at no peiiod, e\cn in his hours of rest and recreation, has he found it necessar}- to "kill time." lie came to La^t Orange in October, 1866, and during a residence of ten years his influence has been exerted in every direction, where it was possible to benefit his fellow-men and exemplify the teachings of his Divine Master. He united with the North Orange Baptist Church and at once entered into the work of teaching in tlie Sunday School. As a trustee, the business interests of the church have received his careful attention, while its spiritual interests have never lacked a wise and faithful counsellor and an earnest participator. His prayers and his alms have gone together, and his liberality is without ostentation, his fulfilment of the command, " Let not thy right hand know what thy left hand doeth," being strictly adhered to. In the home life of Mr. Gates there is an air of quiet and refinement, and a genial hospitalit)-, that does not fail to impress one with the true ideal of a model home. The Founders and Builders of the Orant.es. 447 Of the various societies and organizations in the Oran^'cs, the <.nc liuit has interested liim most is the New Eni^Iand Society. To keep alive the ineniories of early associations, ti) honor the memory of the fmnulers of our free institutions, anil to carry out the objects of this society, has received from him much attention ami earnest thou^dit. He was elected to membership in tliis society the first year after he became a resident of Kasl Orange, and has been a regular attendant at its meetings ever since. He was hdUoretl 1)\- an electinii to the Vice-Tresidency in 1S94 and tn the Tresidcncy in 1S95, a position he still holds. Mr. (iates has been a steadfast friend and a generous supporter of the several charitable and benevolent organizations for which the Oranges are noted. As a speaker, Mr. Gales is calm, cool and deliberate, a man of strong coinictions ami of deep anil earnest piety, giving expression to his thoughts always in a clear, concise and convincing manner. There is a calm and ([uiet dignity in his manner that is at once expressive and attractive. To all outward appearance he is never worried by any amount of business pressure, am.! the cares and responsibilities incident to a busy life fail in any manner to disturb the ctiuanimity of his temper. He possesses at all times and under all circumstances the same kind and courteous demeanor that has distinguished him through life, and made for him friends whose name is legion. Mr. Gates married, in 1861, Ellen M., daughter of William and Elizabeth (Vincent) Huntington, of Torrington, Conn. William Huntington was a descendant of Christo[)lier Huntington, the first male child born in Norwich, 1660, son of Christopher, son of Simon, the ancestor. The Vincents were among the early settlers of Edgartown, Mass. Mrs. Gates, nee Huntington, is a sister of CoUis P. Huntington, a name familiar to railroad men throughout the civilized world. Mrs. Gates was educated at the Galway and Hamilton Seminaries. She is gifted as a poetess, especially as a hymn writer, and enjoys distinc- tion in the literary world. She is a frequent contributor to the Century Magazine, the Youth's Com- panion, and other periodicals. She is the author of a volume of poems published by the Putnams in 1895, entitled, "Treasures of Kurium." Her literary work does not prevent her from engaging in works of benevolence and charit\'. While a resident of Elizabeth she became interested in the Orphan As\lum of that city, and during her residence in East Orange, the Woman's Christian Temjierance Union, the Orphan's Home, the Bureau of Associated Charities and the Orange Improvement Society, have received her earnest and practical support. Her work is done in that quiet, gentle manner that excites but little attention, but her influence is felt throughout the entire community Helen, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Gates, is the wife of .\rcher M. Huntington. THE PALMER FAMILY. The name Palmer, in ancient records De Palmer (from the branch of palm borne by those soldiers of the cross who had distinguished themselves in the holy wars), was conferred upon an ancestor of the family, Hugh de Palmer, b\- King Richard I, who, as a reward for having slain a Paynim knight in single combat, and for capturing one of the Saracen standards, gave him perinission to blazon upon his shield, "three crescents, argent, divided by a chevron," the heraldic token cf valor, and to wear for his motto, " Par sit fortuna labori." According to Burke, " the family of Palmer, whose patriarch, William le Palmer, was a crusader under Richard Cceur de Lion, were, from a remote period, established in the County of Sussex. This family bore on their shield. Arms. — Or, two bars gules, each charged with three trefoils, in chief, a greyhound sable Crest. — A demi-panther rampant, fire issuing from the mouth and ears, supporting a palm branch." There were several of the name of Palmer came to this country (rom 1631 to 1700. Among this number was Christopher Palmer, who married Elizabeth Berry. His name appears on the records previous to 1700. He had among other children a <.on, Jonathan. Jonathan Palmer, son of Christopher and Elizabeth (Berry) Palmer, was born in 1707. He married, in 1730, Abigail Rowe, and had a -mw. James. James Palmer, son of Jonathan and Abigail ^Rowei Palmer, was born in 1733. He had a son. Jeremiah, born in 1763. 448 The Founders and Ruii.ders of the Oranges. Jeremiah Palmer, son of James Palmer, was born in 1763. He married, in January, 1783, Hannah Beckham, and among other children had a son, /o/oi, born 1784. John Palmer, son of Jeremiah and Hannah (Beckham) Palmer, was born in 1784. He married Phcbe Wells, and had a son, ]Villiain Ilarivood. William Harwood Palmer, son of John and Phebe (Wells) Palmer, was born June 16, 1S05, died January, 1836. He lived in Warner, N. H., where he married, in 1829, Harriet, daughter of Elijah Dwinel ; he was the son of David, son of Jonathan, born 1702, son of Thomas, born 1672, son of Michael Dunnel, Sr. P'or three or four generations the name was spelled Dunnel. William Harwood and Harriet (Dwinel) Palmer had among other children, a son Albert. Albert Palmer, son of William Harward and Harriet (Dwineli Palmer, was born in Warner, N. H., June 14, 1831 ; he died in East Orange, X. J.. November 24, 1893. He was precocious as a child, and developed into manhood at an age when most children are still pursuing the elementary branches of their education. He was left an orphan at six years of age, and at the age of thirteen began life's struggle alone, with the little education lie had acquired at the schools of his native town, so that he really had no childhood, and he was a man of mature years long before he reached his majority. He laid the foundation of his successful business career in 1846 as editor and proprietor of a trade paper known as the U. S. Journal. He subsequently started the Xorth Aiiicrrcan Miscellany, of which Donald G. Mitchell — " Ik Marvel" — was editor. As a literary work it was a success, but Mr. Palmer's tastes led him in a different direction. His early struggles had forced him to grapple with the stern realities of life, and he had but little disposition and less time to experiment with the sentimental. He therefore gave up his literary publications and devoted all his energies to the tlevelopment of a scheme for free distribution of advertising papers, which has since been so uni\'ersally adopted and of which he was the originator. After extending his lines East and becoming firmly established in New York, he removed to Chicago about i860 where he carried on a large business for five or six years and became a large property holder. He returned to New York soon after the close of the war and de- veloped new ideas in the publishing and advertising line. His principal business was the publication of '• J'aliiicr's Buyer, which attained a large circulation, both in this country and in F,uropc, and necessitated the establishing of a branch house in England, which for many \-ears past has been under the management of his five sons. In 1S78 the business was incorporated under the name of the Albert Palmer Company, and has attained a world-wide reputation. The success of this enterprise is due wholly to the efforts of Mr. I'almer, who was the head and front of it for nearly fifty years, until his death. He was the pioneer in this line of publishing business, which many other firms have since adopted. Soon after his return from Chicago Mr. Palmer purchased a beautiful place at Cornwall-on the- Hudson, which he named " Ciliffside." He had for neighbors N. P. Willis, E. P. Roe, Kensett, the artist, and other celebrities, and here, with his family, he spent some of the happiest years of his life, and enjoyed that rest which a long life of toil and labor necessitated. He was interested in the religious affairs of that locality and was an elder in the Presbyterian Church, of Cornwall. In the early winter of 1881 Mr. Palmer removed with his famih- to East Orange, and bought the beautiful residence of Judge Whiting, at No. 57 Harrison Street, where he spent a portion of each year, until his death. He continued, however, to spend his summers at Cornwall. Mr. Palmer was a public-spirited, progressi\'e citizen, and contributed liberally to whatever was of jjublic benefit. IK- was a staunch Republican and while interested in the success of his party he had no desire to hold public office. While possessing great enterprise as manifested by his life, he showed great caution before embarking in any und ertaking ; but when, after full deliberation, he determined upon his course, he followed it with un\ielding persistency. He was a man of great kindness of feel- ing, liberal to an extreme, and heartily interested in whatever was of benefit to his fellow-men. He was strongly attached to home and family. He was a warm, devoted friend, and regarded with the utmost fidelity the obligations which friendship imposes. He had a high sense of honor, and was scrupulously ALBERT PALMER. The Founders and Hrn.ni:Rs of the Oranges. 449 honest and conscientious in his business relations, accepting always the "golden rule" as his guide. He was a man of great force, persistency and earnestness, of strong will power and active intellect. He was in every sense of the word a manly man. In his marriage Mr. I'almer became identified with one of the founders of Newark. He married Cornelia Ailing, daughter of Stephen H. Ailing, of Newark, the founder of the well-known jewelry firm of Ailing Hros. & Co. He was the son of David, who was the son of Deacon Isaac and Mary (Clizbei Ailing. Isaac was the son of John and Martha (Crane) Ailing, who was the son of Deacon Samuel, son of Samuel, the Newark settler, who is first mentioned in the Newark records in 1700, as a member of a committee " chosen by vote to go about to get Subscription perfected to Mr. Wakeman's Deed of Gift." He was an important man in the affairs of the town and held public positions of trust and honor. Samuel was the grandson of Roger Ailing, who, at the settlement of the New Haven Colony, in 1639, signed the compact. David Ailing, the grandfather of Mrs. Palmer, married Nancy Ball, whose grand- mother was cousin to the mother of Gen. Washington. The marriage ceremony took place at the Ailing homestead, near the present Court House, in Newark, still standing. The children of Albert and Cornelia N. (Ailing) Palmer are: Albert William, Stephen Ailing, Harriet C, married Albert Collins; Emma Durrie, married Edward S. Ely; Susan P., married Frank Miller, of Newark; Oliver H., Cornelius A., Harwood, John Parker, Eleanor A., and Walter, all living. Albert W. and .Stephen A. are managers of the business in this country, while their four brothers all reside in England and have charge of the business there. THE BRUEN FAHILY. Obadiah Brnen was the ancestor of all the families of this name in East New Jersey. He was the second son of John Ikuen, Esq , of Hruen, Stapleford, Cheshire, and was baptized December 25, 1606. He was a descendant of Robert Le Hrun. of .Stapleford, A. D. 1230. He came into the Plymouth juris- diction from England with his wife, Sarah, 1640, removed thence to Gloucester, was made freeman 1O42, and selectman the following year, represented the town at the General Court, 1647-51. He removed to Pequot (New London, Conn.), and was town clerk fifteen years ; was a representative at the General Court, and is named in the charter of Connecticut, 1662. He came to Newark with the Milford colonists, in 1666, and his name is second on the list of the subscribers to the Fundamental Agreement. His "Home Lott " and residence was on Market Street, not far from the present Pennsylvania Railroad depot. By his wife, Sarah, he had Hannah, born 1643. married John Baldwin, Sr. John, born 1646, and Rebecca, widow of Thomas Post, of Norwich. John Bruen, onl\- son of Obadiah and Sarah ( ) Bruen. was born in Gloucester, Mass., in 1640. He came with his father to Newark just before he reached his majority. He married Esther, daughter of Deacon Richard Lawrence, one of the Branford settlers. He died before 1696. His children were, Eleazer, y- was not to confine himself to any one particular style of architecture, but to combine TiiK Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 455 in detail tlic best features of the old and new scliools. The liousc is in striking contrast to tlic surroundings; being of brick, forms a pretty setting to the framework of green. The oLtagonal dormer- window and the steep pitch gable form tlie centra! features in front. On one side is a turreted form of roof flanked by high ornamental chimneys. Beneath the first ciiimney is a small con- S^ servatory built of mullioned windows ^ which distribute the rays of light through the interior, so as to produce a bright and pleasing effect. The picturesque feature of the house is the western gable with its double stained mullioned windows. A spacious piazza flanks the lower side of the house, whicii is formed in part by a large gabled enclosure, with the design of a sunburst in front The interior divisions are made with ilue regard to general comfort, and conform perfectly to the e.xterior design. In its summer garb, with the house partly hidden by the deep foliage of green, the place is ex- ceedingly attractive and adds much to the beauty of this part of Prospect Ull.l.llUK, THI. IIOMK uV F. Q. BARSTOW. StrCCt. .G) Rksidenck of William C. Horn, No. 125 Prospect Street, East Orange. The home of Mr. Horn is most delightfully situated nearly midway between the D. L. & W. R. R. and the Watchung branch of the Erie Railroad, and is one of the healthiest locations in all the Oranges. The house stands on an ele- vation se\eral feet above the level of the street and about one hundred feet distant. The lot is 180 feet front b\- 740 feet deep, and is laid out mostly in lawn and shade trees. The maple trees in front and on the south side are among the largest and finest in the Oranges, haxMng a growth of about twenty j'ears. Some three hundred feet from the rear of the house is a fine grove of chestnut and other forest trees, which were left standing when the farm was cleared, many years ago. The large, substantially built stable in the rear is partly shaded by the grove of forest trees. A large tennis court in the rear of the house affords amp'.e room for this popular game. The best view of the house is obtained from the southeast, which, during the summer season, is partly concealed by the shade trees. The house is of sufficient size to merit the name of villa, and the style of architect- ure is thoroughly American and well adapted to the location and surroundings, points which always KF.SIDKNCE OF WILLIAM C. HORN. 456 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. receive the consideration of Mr, Sargent, the architect. The house rests on a liigli foundation of rock-faced brown stone ; the structure above is wood-work, covered with square-edged shingles, ever\- alternate one being shorter than the other, giving a very artistic effect to the covering. The broad piazza extends along the entire front, winding around to the south side of the house; on the north side it is carried several feet beyond the house and forms a very pretty porte cochere. This rests upon pillars of rock-faced brown stone, the same material forming the foundation of the piazza. A rather unique feature of the second story is the large, deep recessed windows; the one on the north front is arched over with an ornamental pitched roof, which extends from the main roof of the house. The tower, on south corner of the house, rests on a high foundation of rock-faced brown stone, which is octagon shaped to the top of the first story ; from tliis point above it is round, terminating in a pointed cone above the roof. The interior of the house is arranged with a view to economy of space within, every foot of which is utilized to the very best advantage. The spacious hall, I3 x 30 feet, the large, elegant mantle near the front door, and the beautiful staircase, with its handsome newel posts, are all of quartered oak, as is also the wainscot on the side of the hall and up the staircase. Three large, prettily stained glass windows in the the rear of and above the staircase diffuse the soft rays of light through the hall, giving a pleasing effect to all the surroundings. The entrance to the dining room is to the right as \'ou enter the hall. This is finished in black walnut ; the furniture, as well as the wall and ceilings, are all in harmony. The entrance to the parlor is through the left side of the hall as you enter the front of the house. This room, including the elegant mantle, is finished in cherry, while the furniture and decora- tions are all made to correspond. The library, which connects with the parlor, is finished in quartered oak; the billiard room in the rear is panelled and finished entirely in cypress, which is light in color, making a very pretty finish. The parcjuet floor of oak, with a narrow border of mahogany, gives an air of cheerfulness and brightness to the room. The second floor contains five bed rooms and two bath rooms, all handsomely finished, and there are six bed rooms on the tiiird floor. The laundry, wliich is very complete, is in the basement. The heating and lighting arrangements throughout the house are of the best, and nothing is lacking to make the house a moilel of comfort and coinenience. SUNNYCROl-T, the home of the Ashlcys, 131 Prospect Street, is well known to a large class of peo- ple in the Oranges. The name of the place is well suited to the surroundings. It has an eastern and /i^ ^,-v~^-— southern exposure, and catches the Sl'NNYCROFT. HOME OF EDWARD W. ASHLEY. <»)« morning sunbeams, dispelling the dew, ( making evervthing bright and cheer- ful. The brown stone, which consti- tutes the first story and foundation, harmonizes with the other features. Considerable originality is shown in the style of architecture, which is in striking contrast to many of the other houses in this locality. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ashley (nee Morgan) are well know n in social circles, and occupy a warm place in llic hearts of the people, both, in tlieir own way, being con- stantly' engaged in good works and in seeking the happiness of others. Mrs. .Ashley has been for many years Presi- lient of the Memorial Hosjiital, in Orange; also President of the Parish The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 457 Association of tiiace Chuich, ami still holds both positions. Mr. Ashley and liis wife are both descendants of Kn/ this country as a young man, and was for man)' years connccteil with the banking house of Dre.xel, Morgan & Co. Confining himself to the strict rules which govern the best business houses, he has met with uniform success. Mr. Ashley formed a co- partnership with Starkweather & Co., an okl and well-known imi)orting house, and in 1883 assumed the entire control of the business. In his business connections he is known as a man of the highest personal integrity, as well as of energy and business ability, and enjoys an excellent reputation in financial and commercial circles. Mr. Ashley became a resident of East Orange in 1874, and from that time up to the present has interested himself in everything that concerns the prosperity and growth of the township. In addition to his own beautiful residence, which is one of the attractive features of Prospect Street, he has built other fine houses, thus adding materially to the wealth of the township. He is a director and was one of the founders of the People's Bank, and the Savings Investment and Trust Company, of East Orange. Mr. Ashley has been a vestryman in Grace Epi.scopal Church since 1875 ; and as Treasurer he has managed the financial affairs with wisdom and econom\-. lie was one of the organizers of the Orange Athletic Club; is a member of the Country Club, the Orange Club, the New England Society of Orange, and of the Young Men's Christian Association. Although a member of several associations, he is a man of domestic tastes and habits. Mr. Ashley married Miss Jessie Antoinette Morgan, daughter of P"rancis Morgan, of New N'ork City, for many years a resident of Westfield, Mass., but a native of Springfield. The latter married L. Antoinette Converse, daughter of John A. Converse, of Troy, N. \. Francis Morgan was the son of .\rchippus, born May 17, 1772, married, September 28, 1800, Pamelia Taylor. He was the son of Titus. Joseph, the son of Nathaniel, born in Springfield, June 14, 1671. married Hannah Bird, June 19, 1691, he being then hut nineteen years of age. He was the only child of Miles Morgan by the latter's second wife. Miles Morgan, the ancestor, a native of Wales, sailed from England and arrived at Boston, in April, 1636. He married Prudence Gilbert, a young women whom he met on shipboard. He removed from Boston with a number of emigrants and became one of the founders of Springfield. A statue of heroic size, mounted on a large pedestal, stands in a conspicuous place in Springfield. This was erected by an uncle of Mrs. Ashley, a brother of her father, Mr. Henry T. .Morgan, a banker, of New York City. Miles Morgan had by his first wife eight children ; b\- his second wife, Elizabeth Bliss, to whom he was married February 15, 1669, he had only Nathaniel, the direct ancestor of Mrs. Ashley. The name Morgan signifies "of the sea," and is mentioned as early as A. U. 360. Only one child out of a family of nine of Mr. and Mrs. Ashley is now living, and to him has been given the name of Morgan, a representative of one of the oldest, if not the oldest family of the Eng- lish speaking race. 458 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. Residence of C. M. Coburn, 135 Arlintjton Avenue. The centre of attraction here is the house itself, as the surroundings are comparatively new. and sufficient time has not elapsed for the growth of trees and shrubbery. The style of architecture is in pleasing contrast to the other houses in this neighborhood, and yet there has been no attempt to follow anj' special line. The aim of the architect, Mr. W'hittemore, of East Oaange, was to combine the best features of the colonial with the more modern style of English Gothic, in such a manner as to produce strong contrast with perfect harmony in detail. The entire structure is of framework, covered with shingles, resting on a foundation of rock-faced brown stone, elevated from three to seven feet above the ground, according to the grade. The most prominent feature of the house is the round tower in front, which rises from the foundation to the cornice, and above that is cone-shaped, ending at a point with the natural pitch of the roof. The upper part of the tower is lighted b\- a dormer window, uhich projects from this part of the roof. The first story of the tower is of rock-faced brown stone. The tower divides the wide piazza into two sections. The north section, which rest on a brown stone foundation, ex- tends beyond the house and forms the porte cochere. A handsome balcony extends around the entire front of the house, connecting the two sections of the ])iaz/.a. On the south side of the house, between the top of the pia/za and the eaves, is an oriole window. Beyond this, on the same side, is a bay window, extending from the founda- tion to the second story above, and resting on it is a square window, which rises upward to the cornice. On the north side of the house is a bay w in- dow, resting on a stone foundation and rising to the second story. A very pretty effect is produced b\' an orna- KEsiDENCE OF c. .M. COBURN. UH iital band of stucco, painted to re- semt)le metal, which jjasses all around the house beneath the cornice, the main body of the house being painted a light green, and the roof red ; the efTect is verj' striking. The form of the e.xterior of the building makes an eas\- and economical di\'ision of the interior, sc. Adams, 104, 140, i4cS. 154, 189, 190, 220, 264, 371, 373, 389, 396, 407. Aborn, 194, 243, 410. Abboll, 151, 460. Addis, 43. Agar, 249. Ackerman, 249. Acken. 234. Austin, rSi, 203, 204, 232. Austen, 238, 239, 240, 247, 430. AlsTEN, Kdwaru, 208. Allen Kamilv. 380. Allen, \V. F., 380. Allen, Edwin S., 382. Allen, 156, 164, 180, 232, 240, 358, 361, 362. 3S9. 395,449. Ailing, 43, 44,60,94, 141. 253, 258. 390. 394. 395- Allerston, 248. Albers, 16. Alden, John. 276, 282, 371. Albright, 45. Alvord, 59. Alniy. 361. .■Mford, 152. Arents. 28, .Arnold, 32, 254, 361, 401, 409. Arlis, 401. Arne, 245. .Armstrong, 103. Arcul.irius. 205. Andrews. 78, 133, 169, 182. Andross. 1. Anderson, 122, 160, 183. 190. 191, 213. 401. Ashley, Edward W., 456. Ashley, 167, 235, 240, 394, 395, 456. 457- Atkins, 303. Atkinson, 225. Atwater, 251, 258, .Atterbury, 1 57. Astwood, 67, 39 T, 441. Ayres, 244, 245. Atwood Family, 440. At wood, 440, 441. Augevene, 68. Auchincloss.Henry B ,333. Auchincloss. 1 52. 232, 238, 333. Arthur, 283 Aylesworth, 451. Babbitt. Daniel, 261, Babbitt, 165, 202, 214, 215, 236, 244, 261, 262, 460. Babson. 363. Babcock, 238, 303. Bacon, 126, 187, 231,232,240. Baker, 141, 177, 237, 245, 355. Backus, 51, 137, 250. Bailey, 39, 171. Badgir, 175, 176. liaigree. 148. Baldwin, FAMIL^, 42. Baldwin, Caleb, 46. Baldwin, Cyrus. 46. Baldwin, Albert. 47. Baldwin, Abram, 47. Baldwin. Frank. 226. i Baldwin. JEPIHA H., 461. Baldwin Homestead, 354. Baldwin, 16, 19, 20. 21, 22, 26. 31,32. 38,40,41.44.45.46, 47. 48, 49, 50. 62, 63, 68, 73. 79, 84, 92, 100, 106, 107, 109, 121, 13?, 134, 140, 141. 168. 186, 189, 190, 200, 201, 214, 215, 216, 225, 226, 227, 234, 235, 236, 237, 239, 243, 244, 254, 255, 266, 295, 354, 355, 359- 362, 371. 388- 40'. 449- Ballard. 360. Ballentine, 254. Ball, 15, 19, 41, 48, 60, 70. 92, 94, 100, 101, 122, 144, 146, '53. '75. 176, 302. 354. 359- Balbach, 170. Barton, 51. Barrel. 361, Barber. 59, 436, Barnard, 435. Barber, 81 216. Barclay. 3, 19. Barges. 216. Bartinc, 173, 174. Barr, William. 319. Barr, 156. 235. Barry, 1 1 5, 249. Barrett. 131, 173. 220. Barnes, 186, 345. Brandies, 214. Bartlelt. 360. Barstow, Frank ()., 454. Barstow, 167, 253, Baron, 434. Bayles. George. M. U.. 296. Bayles, 199, 221, 231, 241, 242. 296. Bayley, 166, 198, 199 ' Bayes, 460. Banks, 213. Bannister, 249. Banford, i 58. Bancroft, 132. j Basset. 94. I Baxter, 166. Batterson, 262. Blake Family, 266. 267. Blake, 121, 215, 216, 223, 229, 237. 238, 239, 251. Blatchford, 268. Blaurock, 122, 390. Blair, 390. Blatchley, 15. Brady. 245. Bray, 245. Bracken, 50, 77, 125. 327. Bradshaw. 221, 248, 251. Bradley, 85, 166, 254. Bragg 123. Brandt, 173. Beach, 26, 54, 92, 137, 144. 14;, 146, 203. 206, 216, 237, 243, 247. lieaman. 288. Beasley, 410. Beebe, 185, 360. Beekman, 392. Bcckwith, 189. Beckham. 448, Belknap, 376. Bell, James, 290. Bell, 125, 186. 215, 249. Benton, 216. Bennett, 237, 361. Benjamin, 41. Benedict, 170, 254. Bentley, 180. Belcher. 3. Bergner, 234. Berry, 77, 164, 16;, 390. Berryman, 183. 185. Berkley, 362. Berg, 214, 215, 244. 258. 417. Bergen, 1 1. Berkley, 1 i. Beeber. 375. Brewer, William .A., 367. Brewer. 190. 231.232,235. 238, 241, 252. 258, 352, 353, 357. Brennan. 118, 139, 214, 285. Brewster, 51.98, 164, 171,247, Bleecker, 180. 189. Bishop, Rev. Geo. S., 193. Bishop, 44, 141, 142. 242. Bird. 401. Birdsall, 174, 205. Beebir, 375. 15ill<|vist. 235. 358, 360, 361. Billings. 211. Birney. 69. Bigelow, I 29. Bingham. 153. 243, 258.394, Bliss, 156. Billing^on. 248. Bridgman. 148. Bringham, 152, 200. Brice, 175, 177. Brintall, 254. Brillon, 130, 215, 220, 245. Brinton, 5. Bridges, 459. Boardman, 182. Bodmer, 160. Bode, 160, 235. Bodwell.165, 213, 215. 236,237. 245- Bui.LER, Alfred I'.. 427. Holler, 166. 252, 427. Boe, 362 Bond, 16. Hoggs, 165, 401. Booth, 389, 401. Boone, 3. Bonnell, 1 10, 130. Booracm, 257. Boulton, 170, Bowman, 389, 390. Boylan, 167. Boyce, 237. Brodessor, 308. Brooks, II, 16, 169, 443. Browne, 16, 185. Brown, 19, 41, 42, 60, 67, 83, 143. 146. 153. '54. '55. 228, 25'. 355. 360, 361. 362, 363. 364, 371. 431. Broome, 166, 167. Brocas, 167. Brockett, Edward J.. 42;. Brockett, 1S2, 183, 186, 425, 426, 427. ISroadus, 182. Brownini; Fa.mily. 317, l!ROWNiN(i, Ross C, 317. Browning, Charles R., 316. Browning, 194, 216, 245, 250, 25". 3'5- Brower, 254. lirody. 216. Bruen Family. 449. Bruen, 16, 44, 45, 67, 83, 389, 390. Bloomfield. 55. 222. Bloodgood, 174. 256, 315. Burnet, 3. 41, 148, 303. Burwell. 16, 355. Burgoyne, 210. Burke. John, 328. Burke. 51, 228, 239, 254, 314. 3'5- Burt, Edwin C. 280. Burt. 92, 166, 181,232, 313, 31 5. 330- Burnham, 148. Burkhart, 160. Bullard, 418. Burton, 93. 245. 247, 248. Burgess, 151, 254. I77- Bur,-, 144. 183, 185, 186, Burris, 77. Burdick. 183. 245. 200. 402. Burrows. 174. Burns, 176. Burnside, 302. Burroughs, 304. Burkhardl, 360. 464 Personal Indkx. Butin, 191. Buchanan, 72. 200. Buckingham, 132, 133. Hulklev. 173 239. Bush, 165, 168. Buswell. 2IO. Bullz, 175. 177. Bushnell, 187. Brumley. 86. Bluhni, 315. Bkush !• amii.v. 378 Bryan, iii. 396. Byllesby, 46. Camp. 16, 19. 20. 44. 83. loi, 140, 214, 289. Campbell, 3. 41. 113. 115. 140. 148, 165. 213. 254. 355, 362. Canfiei.d Famii.v. 48. Canfield, 15, 16, 37. 39. 94. 95. 105, 133. 146. 205. 212. 215. 355. Carter Famii.v, O.. 287.288, 289. Carikk. Aaron. Jr., 288. Carter Family, W. O.. 339. Carter. Oliver S. 338, 339. Carter. 54. 137, 155. 170, 220, 230, 231. 232 235, 237, 238. 239, 245. Carnegie. 452. Carr, i, 214. Cabot. I. Carterec. 2. 3. 11, 37, 100, ^13. Carson, 141. Carpenter, 176. Carver, 435. Carringtun 166. 389. Cameron. 164. Cantine, 166. Cairnes. 121, 122. Cardwell, 390. Case, 24. 287, Cassidy, 258. 396, 401. Callan, 198. Catlin. 21. 22, 80. Calling. 18, 20 Cady, 165. 182. Carol, 44. Calberson, 389. Callahan, 197, 198. Chandler, 81, 146. 156, 157, 159. 249, 258, 362. 450. Chapman, 36, 46. 135, 218. Chambers. 158, 159, 199 Ch.ambhss, 180, 186. CJhadwick. 193. Chapin, 425. Clark, -,8, 63. 114, 169 173, 189. 190, 192, 237. 245, 254, 255, 361, 395. Clay, 170. Craig. 43. 62, 396. Crane, 15. 16. 19. 32, 33, 37, 41, 44, 45, 69 70. 71, 72, 73. 76. 84. 94, :o2. 105, 106, 109, 115, 122, 127, 133. 134. 147. 172. 174, 190, 202. 214, 217, 237. 243. 245, 302, 449. Cleaver, 143. Chew, 194. Cleveland, 122. 165. 215. 220. Clements, 434. Crippen, 390. Clinton, 33. Chisolm. Ogden B., 349, 351. Chittick. 169, 251. Criss, 183. Child, 170. Christian, 171. Chiller, 199. CoBURN, C. M., 458. Coddington, 450. Coxe. 3. 43. 439- Cox, 227. 229, 231, 326 Cook, 393. Coon, 244. Cornbury, 3. Cortlandi. 32. Cornwallis, 35. Cone, 36. 44, 128, 179. Cowman. 22. CoNDiT Family. 51. CoNUiT, Ira 11.. 53. CONUIT, F-LIA,S M.. 53. CONDIT. JOTIIAM H.. 56. Condit, 36, 39. 41, 44, 48, 49, 52, 53. 54- 55. 71. 72. 73- 75 78. 92. "4. 116, 119. 120 121, 122, 130. 133. 134, 140, 177, 188, 192, 204, 213, 214, 215, 216, 218, 236. 237, 243, 244, 245, 261, 303. 306. 307, 308, „3°9. 314. 389. 39'. 395. 39^. 4"- Connett. Elgene v.. 366. Conneil, 164.214 357. 360, 361,367. Conway, 164. Coi.iE Family. 414. Coi.iE, Fuuaru .\I., 415. Colie. 147. 253. 237, 243 258. Coe, 44. 399. Cobb, 158, 159. Coburn, 141. Cole, 141. Collins. 90. 173. Colgrove, 123. Corbit, 174. Cook, 130, 185. 191. Cooke, 240. Cooper, 47. Coolbalgh. F. \V., 451. Coolbaugh, 396, 401, 402. Couinont, 220, 245. Cooper, 457. CoLLAMORE. FAMILY. 340. COLLA.MORE, DAVIS, 342 CoUamore. 230, 231, 303. 338. Coker. 186. Colgate Family. 281. Colgate. Samuel, 281. 282. Colgate K. M . 334. Colgate, 181, 199. 200. 229. 231, 232. 236, 237. 238, 247, 315, 333. 362, 363,427. Colby, Gardner R., 420. Colbv, 181. 183, 186, 230, 231, 237, 238. 239, 389 402, 426. Colton, 191, 250. Coon, 245. Conkiing, 192. Collyer, 194. Courier, 353. Cortelyou, 357. Conover, 215. Corning, 232. Corson, 239. Gotten, 433. Cory, 107. Converse, 437. Cornell, 105. 169, 205. Cornwell. 406. Coggeshall, 251. Croful, 122. 186. 214. Corlies, 166, 249. Coppinger, 213. Covne, 122. 168. 245, 390, 389, 395. 396- Cropsey, 91. Cowenhoven. 91. Cross. 173, 254, 255, 360. 361, 362, 365- Crowell. 41. 42. loi. 147. 355. 400. Crowe, 214. Clorer, 214. Crozier, 361. Colcy, 340. Crowe, 214. Clows, 209. Curtis. 16. 67, 156, 157, 183, 363. Cuis. 252. Cutler, 199. 231. Cults 232. Cusack, 215. Cushing, 251,341. Cushman, 294. Culpepper. 270. Cutler, 322, 433. Currv, 182. ' Cummings. 214. Cunningham. 174. I Cushman. 41. I Chlrch, Kdward F.. 376. Church. 174, 175. 179. 180. 200. 357. 396. Cruikshank. 254. Crimibie, 166. Chubb, 194. Day Family, 57. Day, 16, 20, 22, 38, 39. 40. 41. 44. 47- 79. 84. 103. 114, 120. 174, 214, 215, r43, 244. 302. 303 401. Davto.s- Fa.milv. 414. 415. Davis, j6, 42. 28. 152, 169. 170. 175, 177, 180, 185, 245, 326. 341. Daniels, 166. 441. Davenport, 12. i8, 100, 177, 426. Daglish, 48. Darby, loi. Darcy, 130. Danner, 147. 150, 171. Darnslaedi. 160, 228. Daum. 178, 389. Dates, 389. Davey, 396, 397, 399, 400. David. 185 Dashiell. 173. 174, 220. David, 185. Drake. 183 221, 362, 425 Drayton, 186. Dean, 41, 226, 323. Dennis. 8g. 229. 254. DeWltt. 389. Decker, (,'has. M.. 289. Decker, 77, 83, 108. 166, 168, 174, 214. 215. 394. 395 Dean, 214. Deninan. 413 Delhonde. 274. Devon, 362. Dearborn, 222, 250. Del Ian, 402. Delano. 153. 154 194. 297. Deegan. 164. 242. Dewar, 148. Denslow. 164. Dennison. 74. Drew, 170, 214. Dill Family. 442. Dill, James B., 443 Dill, 141, 258. Diller, 165. Dillon, 253. D1CKIN.S0N, Rev. James T., 184. Dickinson. 144. 183 Dickson. 166. 182. Dixon. 235. Drinston 74. Dwinel, 448. DoDD Family. 59- DoDii. Matthias M., 61. D()i)i>. Betiiuel. 61 Doiii), Samuel M., 63 DoiiD, Reuben, 64 Doini. Calvin, 66. Dodd, 22, 23, 27, 37, 45, 52, 59. 73, 75, 76, 89. 99. too, 109, no, 114, 121, 125. 133. 134. 135. 137, 140, 141, 152. 153. 165. 188. 201, 206, 214, 216, 236. 238. 240. 243 244. 245, 249, 288, 304. 389, 390 402, 425- Doolittle. 145. DoRF.MUs Family, 402. Doremus. Ei.ias O.. 403. Dorenius, 128. 165, 201, 238, 243. 245, 251, 288. 383, 389. 396. Doty, 65, 152 Douglass, 152, 229, 240, 414. Doddwell, 122. Dobbins. 175, 178. Doaiic, 116, 149, 163, 164, 165. Dorland, 363. Doran, 390. Dover, 389. Dorer, 390. Dowd, 156. 380. Dow, 173. Downs, 174. Downer, 148. Duncan, 125. DuBois. 43. Dudley, 200. Dulcher. 200. Dunnell. 225. Dunham, 240. Durand, 245. 360. Dull. 141. Duflfy, 248. 260. Durkee, 390, 401. Drummond, 305. Dum. 174. Dyckman, 245, 247. Dyer, 251, 361. Easton, 142. Eaton, 190. F'ager, 361. Edgar, 361. Evans, 155. 361. Edwards, 32. 171 173,244.270,324. Erdman. 135. 228. 249. Edsall, 15. 16. Eckman. 174. Elder, 174. Eckert, 248. Everest, 159. Estey, 210. Eve'ritt Family, 267. 268. Everitt. 31, 163, 202. 209. 215, 216, 245. 261. 268. 269. 391. Egner. 160. 205. 207. 208. 216. Egner, Henry W., 208. Ellis. 210. Elliott, 170 375, 390, Ellison, 174. EUinwood. 177, 231, 247. Edison, Thomas A., 334, 335. Edison, 250, 315. Ensign, 122, 152, 207, 220. 244. Ennis, 122. English, 16, 54. Evison, 249. Eldridge, 259, Engor, 203. Ellor, 389 390. Ely, 126, 171, 173, 187, 244, 251, 215. Fairley, 304. Failad'e, 353. Farrington, 165. Fairbanks, 166. Farkei.l. Eugene \V.. 224. Farrell, 323. 358. Faunce, 182. Faulks. 174, 179. Faller, 177, Fales. 210. Farr, r. H. Powers, 257. F'arr. 234, 235, 256, 257. iRANKi.iN. William II , 394. Franklin. 166. 167, 235, 243, 252, 258. 390. 395. 404. 41-0. Franklin Ho.mestead, 408. Farmar, 24. Farmer. 222, 358. Farrand, 26, Faren, 41, Farnsworth, 232. F'ay, 304. Faikner, 170. Farmeloe. 171. Fancon, 171 Farnsworth. 373. Fraz/vr Family. 282. Frazar. Everett, 283. Frazar. 83. 137. 231, 232. 252. Fairchild. 129, 142. Francis, 146. Pkrsonai. Index. 465 Frunck. 249. Ferris, Mirkav W.. 386. Ferry, George J., 207. Ferrv, 160. 179. 203. 205. 207, 338, 247- Fenner, 164, 263. 357. FentzLiff, 161. Fki.i., Lahkenck T.. 209. Fell. 125, 2o6, 207, 249. Fenwick. 12 Frsscnden. 190. 237. Felly, 234. Freeman Family. 67. Freeman A. H., '38. Freeman. Joseph A., 69. Freeman. Wii.iierforce. 69 Freeman. 16. 21, 22, 24. 26. 40, 41, 44 45. 75 'oi. '07. 121. 122. 132, 133, 141. 144. 146. 15b. 158. 164. 174 186. 203. 205, 214. 216. 219, 220, 223, 229. 237, 239, 245. 246, 259. 26t, 269, 305. 359. 361. 363, ^364- French. 165. Freil. 207. Frerichs. 91. Fkelinghisen. Frederick, 257. Frelinghuysen. 46, 121, 255, 257. Fletcher, 373. F'leming. 10, 197. 2^7. Fish. 85. Fisher, 140. 146, 210. 367. 401. Fischer, 2x4. F'rrzGERALD, W. J., 223 224. Fin, 39 Field. 237, 251, 303. 304 Fiskc. 343. 459. Fitch, 94. 167. 240. 253. 362, Fish. 254. Friday. 2^5. Fort Family. 430. Fort, John Fra.nklin. 431. Forbes. 19. Foster, 45, 175. Force, 112, 362. 400. Ford, 144. Fortmeyer, Geori^e \\'., 148. 235, 340, 390. 401. 402. Folwell. 184. Fonda. 189. FoLsoM Family, 326. Foi.soM, Henry, 328. Foi.som, Henry 1., 328. Folsom, 166 232, 234, 315. Fowler, 231, 241. 315. 389. Fountain, 141. Frost, 164. Fuller, 191. Furnian, 194. Gates Famii.\ . 444. Gai'es, IssAi E., 445. Gates, 183. 231, 232, 4^4. 445 Garfield, 459. (jallison, 235. 401. Garrison, "W. I, . 332. Garrison. 146, 230. 232. 305, 314. 315. 326, 417. Garden, 176. fiardner, 24. 41. 87. loy. 125. 175, 222. 245, 362. 380 Gallagher. 140. Gans, 244, 345. Garner, 300. Galbrailh. 362. (J-'ge. 363 Gamble, 401. CJasner, 244. G.arth;rwaite. 107. Gault, 426. Graham, 205, 365. (Jraves, 229 231, 232. Gray, 144. 177. 252. Grant, 155 156. Graulicl). 160. Gramies, 303. perber, 345, Gerbeit. 216. George, 144. r45. Gellally, 181. 237 436. Gerberl, 160. Gcdney, 401, Geer, 445. Green, David E., 325. Green, \\ ii.liam, 326. (jreen, 29, 151, 152. 161, 190, 300. 24s. 246. 313.315, 395.439- Greason, 186 Gregory, 13. 258. 389 Greely, 326. Gibbons, 248. Gilbert 189. Gilder, 173, 174. Gilntorc, 174, 266. Gilmnn, 327. Gilson. 171. Gill. John, 210. Gill. 137. 206, 207. 212. 213, 216, 232, 235. 239. 392. Gilbert. 13. Gillam, 33. Gillman. 304. Gilles, 362. Gillespie, 309 401. Gist. 214. Gildcrsleeve, 144. Giffin, 156. 249. Giftbrd, 182. 239, 374. Griffin, 170. 362. 3(53. Grinsted. 215. 245. (ireswold. 266. Grimes, 389. Origgs. 43'- Gomez, i (Jould, 26. 363. Goddard, 144. Goodman, 376 Gordon, 38, 123. Goodell, 326 Godfrey, 362. Goodwin, 440. Gordon. 182. Glover, 34 Groves. 13, 148, 396. Gross. 177. Guild, 46. Gruet, 243, Gruhnerl. 160, 161. I larding. 421. Harrison. 15. 19, 21, 22 37. 40, 41. 51. 53. S3. 64. fV}. 67, 76. 78. 80. 90, 99. 100, 101. 105. 107. 109, 114, 117. 120. 125. 226, 128 133. 134, 135, 141. 162, 166. i68, 169, 173. 180, 200. 202 213. 214, 215, 219, 234, 236. 237. 243. 244, 245, 249. 303, 304. 318, 354. 388. 389. 460. Hakrison Family, 70. Harkison, Simeon, 72. Hakkison, Ira, 73. Harrison. Aaron Burr, 74. Halsey. 56, 98. 147, 190, 239. 387. Hand. 93 Hartshorne, 44. Harrington. 98. 439, 440. Harper, 148. Hardy, 3. Hartley, 153. Hartig, 161. Hart, 203. Harrop. 206. 214. Il.irdwick. 183. Hart, 357. 361. Hague, 181, 183. Harding, 441. Hartiorii, George H.. 208. Hartford, 206, 209. Ilamilion. 3. 19, 72, 191. 245. 3'''- Hansen, 161. Hageinan, 163. Hancock. 104. Haskell, Li.kweli.v.n S., 313. Hnskcll. 8. 46. 135. 136, 140, 143, 172. 236 237, 245. Hall I'Amilv, 439. Hall. Henry H . 440 Hall, 91, 158. 159, 164, 235, 249. Haley, 216. Halsted M. O.. 406, 407. H.alstcd. 128. 266. 365 384. Hanlcn, 174. Hancheti. 248. Harvey, Havward A., 386, 287. Harvev, Thomas W., 387. Ila'vey, 190, 206, 221. Hardy, 249 274. Hale, Rev. Kdward Everitt, 195. Hay. 144, 153. Hays. 101. Harris. 201. Hasselman, 160. Hay. 186. I Inwley, 190. [ lard in. 220 Handi-I. 234, 235 Hanclieit, 24}. Hansen, 444. Hankins, 244. XHare, 252. 363 Hathaway. 232, 258, 296, 397. 363, , 395. 396- I-laynes, 265. H.awkcsworth, 35, 28, 362. Hazard, 152, 237, 303. Hatch, 239. llnllet, 384. Hamm, 389. Hagenieyer, 363, llathorne, 343. Hayes. 355. Hammard. 176 Hawes. 179. 441. Haxtun, 366. Heddcn, 4. 45. 63, 88, 99. 140. 147, 179. 183, 188, 189. 21 •, 239, 258. 353. 389. 401, 405. Heckwcldcr, 4. 5. Hedenberg, 105. Heirsted. 114, Henderson, 122. Herbert, 254, 255, 257. Herring, 259. Herman, 234. 290. liegeman. 237. Hcckscher, 239, 266, 308, 310. Henry. 231. 245. Hepburn, 295. Heberling. 231. Hevnor. 384. Hetzel. 392. Ilerschel. 194. Herov, t6o Heai.d Family. 323. Heai.d, Daniel A., 322 Heai.d, John O., 292. Heald, 190, 229, 230, 231, 232, 235, 318, 315. 362. Hcnriclis, 170. Ilcadley, 253. Heisler. 431. Hewitt, 445. HicKOK, Kev H. F.. 141. Hiikok, 141. 152. 153, 155, 158, 160. Hitch Family. 296. Hitch. Henry. 297. Hitch. 194, 331. 240, 243. 354. Hitchcock, 137 Hicinbotham, 153. Hickey. 195. Hickb'olim, 401. His, 148, 251. Hill, 163 180, 220. 245, 315. Hillycr. 65, 103. 135, 136, 140. I43. 173. 236. 215. Hiilon. 389. HiNE. liinvis W.. 458. Hine. 244 45*. 4S9. *6o. Hilliard, 174 Hildrcih 173. Hognn, 410 Hoyt. kEv. Jamks, 136. Hoyi. 30. 134. ijs. 136. 138, 147. 150 160. 172. 182. 303 375. Hopkins. 173. Hohari, 362 Hobbv. 37:;. Holl.ihd. 158 Holmes. 115. 1&2, 163, it* -■'•< »47. 25 • Hoiicrw«>rth. 401. Horige, 132 Hohirr, 107, Hoerili, 161. Hooker. 47, 191. Honeyman. 153. Hosmcr. 434. Horn. William C, 455. Horn. 169. 258, 394. 395, 455, 45'' Hodge, 327 Hop, J45. How kins, 288. Hogcncanip, 173. Hodgkinson, 306. 314. Hogan, 213. Hopper, 226. Hotienroth 259. Howe Family, 434. Howe, (Ieorge. K., 415. HowK, William K., 315. Howe. 131. 163. 169. 190. 191. 201, 216. 23":, 232, 238. 241. 242. 345. 400. Howell, 185. Howard. 188. 221, 313. 333 389. Hiibbell, 191. Hubharti 276. Hubbins. 389 Huribert, 158, 215, 336. 337, 400. Hnghson, 199 Hl'TCHINsoN. AiiHY, 271. Hutchinson, 146. 23}. Hutchins, 271. 422. Hunt. 429 Hunter. 173. 189. Hntton, 310. Hussey, 247. 250. Hunting 367. Huntington. 15, 34. 418, 425. 447- Hulsizer, 439. Inglesby. 3. Inglesbe, 244. Irving. 152. 1 1 gin. 161. Ingnlls. 331. Iddings, 340. Inghng, 345, 248. Innis. 343. larolcmon, 32, 389. Jaques, 62. Jacobs. 67. Jackson, 129. Janes, 173. 174. 178. jayne, 174. 199. J.acobus, igj. 384 394, 395. J.imes. 234 ITor-^^ jansen. 416 * Jamison. Frank. 224 Jamison. 223. Jenkins, 216, 22^7. JefTrey, 175. jefTries, 100. Jessup, 157. Jepson, 289, 401. Jenks, 372. Jennings. 3, 452. 466 Personal Indkx. Jenkins. 435. Jones Family. 76. Jones. 16. 30. 41. 48. 73. 74. 76. 92. 93. Mfi- 147. >52. >57. iS3. 213, 245, 286. 290, 315, 372, 375. 389. 453- Johnson Family, E. O., 416. Johnson, 15. 16. 19 22. 41, 45. 71. 123, 124. 127, 222, 226. 250, 251. 288. 318, 355. 417. Jolios. 24. Jiibe, III. 192, 247 Judd. 258 Judson, 181. 183. 247 Kasson, 250. Ke.in, 254. 401. Keene, 3 Kearney. 122. Kerr. 150. Kern. 161. Keck. 177 235. Kerin. 195. 197. Keiulig. £75. Kemblc. 177. Kels,Tl 204. Kent. 2 13. 216. Kellogg. 235. 444 Kelsey, 141 Kenyon. 147, 389. Kelly. 255. 362. --. Kennealy. 303, Kenney.'305. Knears. 363. Kennedy. 222. 232 Ketchani, 271. KiNGSi EY Family, 264. Kingsley. 80. 122. 201, 216, 229. 232, 236, 237, 460 King. 406. Kilbonie. 200 346. Kilburn. 66. 78. 85. 108, 137. 144. 157. 214. 24s. 374. Kingsland. 22. Kingsbury, 152. Kiersted. 247. Kingman Family 370. Kingman, 229, 357, 358. Kliiicken. 416. KiDDEK Family. 292. KiUDEK, Ci. C, 294. Kidder, 170, 232, 363. Kirlland, 152. 166, 229, 237, 239, 240. KlMMAi.L, HoKACIC, 227. Kimball. 98, 170. 225, 305. 440. Kiichcll, 16, S3. 109. no. 146. 168. Kitclien, 247. Kissaiii, 131, 256. Kitsall, 173. King. 191, 389. 405. Knight. 152. 238. 241. 389. Kotcher, 303. Kovanaugh, 244. Knox. 34. Kroch. 167. 251. Knowles. 174. 177. 200. 246. 247. Kulcher. 177. 401. Kuniz, 161. Kynor, 183. 221. Lafayelle, 32, 33. 34, 45. 269. Lardlrin, 24. Larned. 362. Long, 120. Lamb. 150. 158. 159. Laihbnry, 247. Lang, 389. 390. 391,396. Lane, 155. 156. 253. 389, 395. Latibat, .Alphonsc, 310. Lawric, 1. 19. Lanison, 41. Laylon, 43. Lawrence. 46. 51. 441. Lacis, 46. Lampson, 62, 114. Lansing. 157. La Pierre. 258. 395. Leonard, 262. Lethbridge. 215. 249. 303. Leveridge. 391. Levcrich, 442. Leile, 13. Leonard, 117. Lees, 244 Lee, 123 170. 173. 23s, 256 Lewis, 164. 191. Lindsley Family. 78. Lindsley, 39 41. 44, 58. 60. 75. 76. 117. 120. 121. 131, 133. 137. 144. 166. 178, 200. 201. 202, 214, 215. 216, 219. 221. 232. 236. 243. 249. 284. 290. 303. 306, 353. 359, 392. Linlc, 16. 78 Lincoln. 121. 440. Liverniorc. 194. Libby. 247. 401. Livingston. 249 LiGHTHiPE Family. 260. Lighihipe, 131, 163, 201. 213. 214, 215, 260, 261, 302, 307. 392. Little, 174 Loiitrel. 164. 168. 358. 361. Lockwuod. 166. 176, Lorrinier. 182. Leve, 201, 227. Lord, 245. Logan. 401. Laihrop, 140. 146. Longstreet. 123. Loundes. 164. Long, S. M., 428. Long. 389. 390, 401. Loraine, 261. Lowney, 401. Lovelace. 3. LHoM.MEDiEf Family. 294. L'lloniniedieu. 362. Lord, 231. Lowrie. 237. 240. 247. Lowther. 158. Looinis. 225. Lloyd. 152. 239. 362. Ludlow. Kev. J. .\l,. 14S. I.udloH . 147. 148, 149 150. 156, 157. "58. Ludluin. 148. 209. Liidington, 42, 288. i.unL 362. Lmnsden. 244. Luff. 189 239. Ltidwick. 166 Lucas, 23. 24. Lyon, ;5, 16. 45. 58. 70, 78, 173. , 213. 355. 389- Lyman, 230, 232, Mandevii.le Family. O.. 83. Mandevii.le Family. S. O , 383. Mandeville. H. .^., 384. Mandeville, 47, 204, 215,228, 258, 358, 375 Manning, 2. 99 180 292. 325. 362. Madison, 75. 120. Manii/. 161 Marshall, 173, 174, 176, 257. 258. .Marsh. 235. 240. Mahew, 239. 360. Marr, 77. Mann. 171. 174. 191, 221, 222,231, 237. 242. 244. 247. 250. Martin, F, K . 333. Mak I IN. C. J.. 333. Marline, 59. Marcy Family, 344. Marcy, Erasti^s E.. 345. Marcy. Randolph B.. 346, 349. Marcy. 143 144 Maxwell. 145. 146. 362. 414. Mason, 44. 131, 137, 174. 187, 191, 253. 266. 330. 331. 332. 334. 335. 343. 435- Marsh. 140. 168. .M.'illory. 142. Mayland. 32. Marr. 152. Marks, 155. Magee. 148. Martin. 153, 181. 185. 192.228, 229, 231, 232, 239. 240, 247. 315. 362. 363- 438 Marvin. 166. 237. Maichett. 180 Mc.Xnbur. 182. Matterson. 439. Matthews. Capt. A. M.. 122. Matthews. 178. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126 170. 186. 206. 213. 214. 215. 216, 238, 239. 240. 249. 262. 313- Matthias. 172 Mather. 87 Mavers. 16:; .McCiane. 188. '^ McCabe. 156. I McAdain. 389. 1 McCarthy. 197. 1 McKay. 195. McNamee. 207. MctJall, 214. Merrill. 82. 401 Merrell. 251- Merchant. 418. Merritt. 435. Meeker Family. 413 Meeker. 125, 129 257, 289. 413. Melvin 327 MerwirL 174, 245. Melon. 186 .\lEAi) Family. 374 Mead. 191. 232, 249. 357. 358. 360, 36"- 363- 374 37.i. 37*. 34. McKicllop, 444. MotTai, 435 .M.iore, 165, 214, 245, 293. 313. 3<)0, 401. I Morrison. 362 377. Moulton. 315. 329. , .Morse, 237, 247, 282, 400. .Mohr. 235.248. Mosley. 191. Molt. 250. Moody. 199. Morris. 3. 88. 76, 79, 166, 244, 245, 251- Morgan, 89. 435, 457. Morster. 175. Moller, 259. Morehouse. 148, 189. 193. Morrow. 360. 401. McC. .Morrow, 156. 240. Mohr. 216. Monroe, 221. McCov, 108. 148, 152. 2^4, 243. 361, 363' McCoiinell, 359. McColhim. 304. McDougall. 235. McGowan. 245. McCord. 120. McCormac. 143. McCloud. 390. 401. Minn Family. L. O , 92. MuNN Family. W. O., 329. MUNN, O. D., 33r. Munn. 36. 45. 46. 55. 60, 71. 78. 79, 3 I 5 V^ 81, 107, 115. 121. 130. 147, 254, ^ 314, 315, 362. 363. 389. 391. 392. 393. 400 Mullord. 53. 107 237,201. Muder. 363. Mulligan. 146 156. 157. Mulholland. 168. Murphy, 173 254. Murchinson, 176. Miinther. 362. MuUins, Priscilla, 276. 282. 371. Mullins. William, 371. Murtha. 401. MuUer. 391. .McMullen, 362. McCiirdy. 165. McCiillagh. 171. Myers. 44. McGlynn, 305. N'aiike. 189. Napier, 46. Nagle. 437. Newman, 152, 199. Newell, 156. Nevins. 156. Nevius, 189. 263. Newton. 51, 146. 164 189. Newbold. 428. Ncwcomb. 441. Nicoil, 2. 140. .Nichols. 146 277, 413. Nott. 389. Norcross, 380. Nortlirup. 213. Notniand. 94. Norton. 425. Nutman. 52. 102. 114. 117. 302 Nunn, 245. Oatnian. 258. Overman. 299. Ohlman. 392. Oakley, 246. Olef. 21. 22. 200. 302. Odell, 247. Ovcrmuller. -03. Odenheimer. 116. 164. Ogden. 41, 42. 44. 133. 141, 156, 168, 241, 406 413. Owen, 174. 177. Oven. 213. Ollerbein. 214, 216. O'Neill, 198. 205 206, 236. 237. O'Reilly, 207. Oxenbridpe. 325. Olis. 247, 401. O Connor, 197, 303. Pkrsonai Index. 467 O'Kourke, 216. Oridie. 331. Orr, 149. Osboni, 41, 164. 360. 301. 363, 403. Oi.coTT. Geiiki.k r., 393. 400 Oughellrfe, 389, 390. Osmun. 120. 140. ParbOii. 122, 244. Paine, 39, Parcel. 32, I'arkinson. 242, I'alter, 326. Paiterson, 152. 404 ParroU, 4 t- Parkm.in. 3, Paddock, U/ii. Palmkk Kamii.v, 447. Palmer, 174. 176, 252, 253, 2j8, 362, Pace, Hknkv A , 257. Page, 164. 229, 231, 238. 239. 254, 25s 257 258. 360 362. 365 P.nrinly. 185. Pattison, 182. Pa TTON Kamii.y. 269. Paiion, 205, 234. Parish, 254, 315. I*alen. 363. Parry, 361. Paul, 315. Park 354. Pancoas(, 363- Paucher. 401 park' r, k. vvavsk.257. Partridge, Samuei;, 344. Prait, 131. Place, 153. Piatt, 431 Pe< K Family 94. Peck. i6. 26. 30. 37 76. 77. 88, 92, 112. 114. 133 140 145. 146. 216, 236. 290. 360 404. Preston, 174. Pearson, 244. Personnette. 44. Peil, 78. Perry, no 122.183 '"4. 249. Pearce, 244 Peabody, 194. Peebles, 451. Pennington, 16. 96, 253, 288. Penn, 11. Peterson. 158. 160. Pettit. 187. 235. 241. 252. Perine, 174, 214 247, 305. Perkins, 327. Peine, 249. Preltymaii, 174. Prescott, 231. 238, 250. 323. Prall. 164. Phelps, 247, 438. Phillips. 417. P1ER.S0N K.\Mil.v. 100. Pierson, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 25. 26, 32. 41. 42. 44 46, 49, 55, 59, 65, 7'. 76. 77 82, 92. 96, 97. 98 loi, 112. 122. 124. 132, 133. 136. 138, 140. 141. 147. 152. i65. 190 200. 201. 203. 204. 207. 214, 215. 216. 217 220. 221, 228. 229. 231. 236, 237, 233. 239, 240. 241, 24;, 249, 254- 257- 287. 305. 309. 353 359. 388, 392 393. Pitman. 172. Pfizer, 254. Price, 46, 181, 220. 318, 362, 363. Peckslcy. 169. 253. Pitcher.' 254. Pillott, 266 310. Post, 32. 46. 164, Porter, 69. 122, 203, 215, 216, 256. Power, 158. Poiicher. 390. Powles. 140. 38<:). I'oTTER l-AMil.v, 436. Potter. IIeskv A.. 438. Potter. 149 153 251, 25a, 340. 401. 413, 436 437. 438 Polls. 174. Proctor, 173. Powers. 163 Provosi, 215 Purdue. 122. 1^0. 401. Pullan, 188 Purcell, 225. Piirves, 243. Puisford, 3<)i, Puff, 214 Plum, IS Plume, 132. 200 Plumnu-r. 315. 337. Priiden, 186 189 (JL'IMIIV Ka.mh.y. 105. IJuiiiibv. 44 76, 168. 190, 211, 234, 235 (Juiiiliy, 213. 245. 365. «.)uinlan, 214 kAM>Ai,i. Family. 418. Randall, 74. 77. 94. 147. ^S<, v,2. 393. 396. 418 Kand. 211. 247 254. Uafferiv. 257. Kaiclirf. 287. Kansom, 362. Kankin, 326. ka>niond, Mrs l-Idward, 146. Ray. 389 Rankin, 187. 188. Redmond Family, 364. Readin>;. 3. Reynolds. 59 180. 215. 233, 236, 237. 389- 396 Reed, Edward, 420. Keed, 137, 165. 174, 429, 430. Reid, 303. Read. 214. Reimer. 180. 236. 390, 393. Reeves. 122. Reuck. 222. Reazcr. 163. 171. 172. kigKS. 16. 21,41 43, 70. loi. 133, 353. 354. 355- Rice. 141. 389. Rich. 151, 158, 159. Richmond. 152 169 170. 267. Richards, 67, 152, 177, 220. 217, 229, 247- Riker, 104. 153, 188. 389 Rilev. 249. 250. Ring. 258. Richardson. 299. Richcy. 401. Roberts, 16, 37 152. 178, 363, 420. Robords. 41. 389 Roberlion. 174 Uobbiris. 76. 22g. Robinson. 45, 57. 84 120. 121, 153, 171, 182, 210. 221, 222, 249. 254, 255. 401 Roi'Es. David N.. 274. Kopes, 191. 203 207. 220. 230. 231, 236. 237. 250, 251. 365 392. Rolhnson. 72. 239. 303. Robotham. 244. Roosevelt, 254, 255. Rockwell Family. 424 Rockwell. 148, 393. 396, 424. Rose. 15 Ross. 44. 236, 295 Rogers. 16,97, 174. 177. 234. 35'- Rochambeau, 34. Rowe, 23 Rosenthal, ibo. Rossiter. 374 Root. 191, 201, 232, 234, 235, 237, Roil. 245. Rowe. 447. Russell. 166, 340. 330, 389. Runyan Family 414 Rinnan 188. 416 kulan. 314 360. kimkle, 239 356 Kudvard, 3. kmlcr. 439. Rugcr. 123. kYAN. Abraham H.. 395. kyan. 389 395. Ryinan, 174 Sackcit. 459 Say, II. Sayre. 31. no. Sankey. 99 Sage. 163 234. 426 Sands. 363 Sanger. 389. 396. 400. Sandford, 164. 173 375 Sanders, 182 Savage, 187. Savage, kEv. Charles. 188. Sianshoroiigh, 41. 112. Stapley. 108. Siarkey, 116. Sharp, 302. Strachan. 14I, Sprague. 145. 14'i Salisbuiy, 146. Schauck. 146. Stalknrcni. 15^, 3''3 Stall, 103. Scranion, 167. Sharpley, 170. Scarlet, 177. Stanley. 221. 251. 357. 390. Starr. Charles 397. Starr, 137. 335. 313. 314, 31S 303. 397. 398. Shann, 335 Small. 230. 339. Stalker. 244. Starbuck. 232, 252. St Clair. 32. Stagg. George R.. 305. Stagg, 248. 305. Standish, Miles 276. 28 t, 371. Sp.iulding. 315 333. Shackleford. 164. 165. Swaine, 12. 15, 16. 21 40. 174. Sprague, 444. Sergeant. 16. 42, loi. Se.il . 1 1 . Sellers. 36. Seabury, 315. 325 3*)5. Sedgwick, 254. 255 315 337. Self. 150. 157. 357. 360 Stetson Family. 262. Stetson, 81. 122. 169. 202. 212. 213, 215, 216. 2;4. 245. Slevin, 254. Slee. 398 j Stevens, iii. 129. 362. I Stephenson. 141. 229. 240. 251. i Stevenson. 146. 166, 183 247. Stearns. 19 230. 231 Sterling. 235. 240. 251. 358. Steele. 236. 395. Steckiuan. 353. Shcllenberger. I'jo Steinbach. 241. Schneider. 251. Sheldon Family. 408. Sheldon. 166 237. .Shears, 391. Shreve, 240. Schilman, 245. Snell, Charlotte. 278. 279. Snedcker. 164. 358. 380. Schenck. 160. 379 Selon. 199 Speer. 363. SiiEfARD Family, 423. SiiEi'ARD, Frederick M.. 423. Shepard, 150. 339. 331.33!, 336,340. 36' 373 »»• 393- 396. 4M- i'i- 42s 43» 45' SheppHrd. 313 Shepherd. 165, |66. 168. Seers. 333 Seely, 183, 186. 300 Sene/, 195 Shenunn,"i33. 124. 171.344. 317. 363. Stewart, 146. 371.401. Scwaid, 190, 191, 335, 241. 347. 3S8. 395- Sheridan. ai6. Streeter. 174 178. Spcllmeyer 175. 178 Sweazv. 106. Selleck. 384 Sell/., 389 Siginour. 444. Silliman. 232. Scribncr. 2^4. Sincl.iir, y>i. Silby. 395 Sickles. 124. Simons, 137. Simmons 155, 177, 234. Sippel. 161. Singer. 161. Smith Family. 106 Smith. 26. 41. 44 45. 105. 113. 119, 120, 133. 134. 135, 137. U'- '47. '53 >55 '$(•■ '64- '73 '74 '7* 183. 186. 193. 191. 194 214. 316, 221. 234, 335. 243. 344. 345. 247. 248. 261. 301. 353. 361, Tfy2. 375. Schmidt. 245. 248. 389 3//). Spinning. 146. 153. 361. Schicman. 122. 166. Skinner. 121 Stickler Family. 376. Stickler. J W .MO ,278. Stickler. 137 199. 200, 315. 337, 339. Simpson. 221. 251. Shields. 331. 225. Schiller. 351. ^ Shipman, 309. *^ Sw ill. 141. 390, 389. 396. 397. Soveril. 114. 132. 153. 346. 389. Soper. 166 Souther. 355. Sloane, 288. 361. Scott. 137. 229 Scribncr. 410 Stocking. 50, 125, 165, 171. Short, 67 Shores. 76. Strong, 44, 182. Stoll, 133. Storrs. Rev Hknrv, 137. Siorrs, 137, 156, 157, 158, Stokes. 345. Stow, 166. Stone. I.kvi P.. 320. Stone, 151, 347, 313 314. 315. 459- Story. 433 Stroiher, 392. Sturgess, 247. Shoiwell, 153. Snow. 251. 362. 44' St. John. 347. SrOTTIsWOOllK FAMILIf. 384 Spottiswoode, 201, 303, 305. ao6, 315. 216. Scull, 146. Sullivan. 249. Sqi'IEk Homes trad. 354. Squier. 33. 42. 43. 143. 144, i<>4- 315. 318. Spurgeon, 182. Strong. 410. Struck. 160. Stuyvesani. i Siuricvant. 460. Stnihle. 313. Stnilher. 165. Sulphen, 401. 468 Personal Index. Sullivan, 415. Stuky. 389 Schuyler. Rkv. Anihony, 167. Schuyler, 22, 165. 166, 171. 172. 242. Syman, 21. 40. Sclinyder, 46, 212. Stryker, 213. 262. Tappan, 164. 326. 444. Taylor Family. 411. Taylor. 24. 25. 41. 46. 80. 94. loi. 125. 133- 134- 141. 145 IS''- ^57. 160. 173. J74, 177, i8o. 181. 184, 189, 194. 215. 216. 229, 231,, 249. 360, 362. 420 Tainter, 146. 360. Tarr, 254. Trabold, 122, 216. Talmage, 148. Travis, 158. 159. Traphagen. 215. Thatcher, 189. 325. Terrill, 43. 359r367. Feller, 167. I erhune. 170, 205. Trench, 170. Trenchard, 175. 176, 361. 'Tcel. 87. Teed, 215. Tremery, 200 Trepkou. 125. 249. Teulon. 244, 245. 'Thebacca 254 255. 'Treat. 13. 14. 15. 16. 20. 27, 41. 48. 67. 70. 105 288. 425. Tweclciell. 140. 156. 157. 'TiLLOU, Abijah I-"., 364. Tillou. 41. 215, 363. Timms, 155. Tinison, 163. 170, 315. 'Tiger, 183. Tilley, 176. Timpson, 221. Tillinghast. 409. Tileston, 433. TiLNRY Family. 298. TiLNEY. John S., 297, 299. 410. Tilford. 252. 'Ticlienor. 16. 30, 42. 107, 152. 207. 213. 243. 359. 405- Trippe. 150. 439. Tisdale, 400. Titsworih, 415. TwilclicU. 440. Tompkins, 16, 20. 22. 32, 42, 44. 76, 133- 173 305. 355- 389- I ooker, 152 Toombs, 222. 249, 338, 339 'Toedr, 232. Tomas, 41. Torrey, 166. 'Toppin, 401. Topham,40i. Townsend. 173. 174,/ 'lownley. 174. ^honias, 148. 158. 166. 172. 174. 232. ^ 247. 252. 4'-o. ■'Trow, 289. 'Trowbridge. 148, 158. 159. Thorp, 128, 152. 190. 250. ' Thompson, 183. 215, 221, 239, 251, 308. 355. 389. 390- 401- TuRRELL Family. 367. 'Turrell, 357, 367. 'Tutile, 178, 289. Tupper. 182 Tuneson. 174. Tubbs. 289, Truman, Henry H., 209. Truman, 172, 207. Truesdell. 401. 'Trntnbull. 184. Tfiursby. 232. 'Tyler, 153, 401. fpliani. 175. L'nderhiU, 141 Upton, 232. Unitiedt, 404. 170. 301. 370. Vance. 145. 146. Vaughn, 439. Varian, 259. Vail, 178, 190 240. Varndell, 122. Van Buskirk, 122, 303. Van Cortlandt. 117, 229. \'an Anken, 411. Van Dyke. 149 \'an Doren, 375 Van Home, 174, 234. 235. 251. Van Houten. 213. Van Gaasbeck. 229. Van Orden, 216. 244. 243. Van Ness. 254. Van Nostrand. 170, 172. Van Marter. 247 Van Rensselatir. 163, 254 308, Van Vechien. 238, 239. 240. Van Vilsur, 85. Van der Stucken. 234. \*an Wagoner, 83 \'an Wagenen, 156. 169, 170, 232, 239. 240, 242, 251. 358, 361. Van Winkle, 22. Van Zee, 19a. Vermilvea, 47, 16;. 214, 215, 262, 389 ' \ errazaiio. i. Vincent. 133. 149. Vischey. 420. Vose. John G.. 365. Vose. 231. 238, 239. Von ^lechenhorbt, 167. Wakenian, 449. Ward Family. 108 Ward, 15. 20, 22. 40. 41. 43. 62 64. 65- 70- 73- loS- '08 109, no, HI, 112, 133. 141. 165, 167 186. 192, 195, 200, 205. 212, 226. 231, 334, 243. 244, 245, 246. 287, 353, 358, 363. 384. 390. 417- Waro, Robert, S. O., 385. Wade. 287. 355. Wadswonh. 308. 30*^. Wakefield, 247. 248. Walters, 16. Walls, 42. Walker. 68. 166. 214. Walsh. 3. 391. Wallace. 151, 155, 300. Wallace. D. A.. 313 315. 333. Walton, 235, 390. 396. 402 Wallis, 141. 259, 402- Wales, 190. Warren. 284. Warner, 172. 380. Washington, 29, 30, 32, 33. 34, 269, 435- Washburn. 63, 292, 325. 371. Watson, 16, 167, 229, 230, £54, 362, Waters, 392. Wayne, 34, 90. W'harry, 122. Webster, 150, 181. 253. 401. Webb, 20. 132. Weed. 370. Weaver, 362. Weeks, 98. 188. 190. Wells. 215. 274. Werner. 161. Werth, 161. Wescott. 242. Weston, 270. West. Ti. 315 337. Wentworili, 210 293. Wetinore, 239, 240. 329. Weil, 161. Wenner. 173. Wells, 213. Westerveli, 454. Wellington, 43. Wescott, 155. Weidenfield, 254, 213. Welsh, 304. Wheeler. 16, 21, 22, 25, 28. -,7- 71. loi. 106. 127, 132, 133. 200, 205, 254. 306. 3'^3. 411- \\'heaton, 396. Williams Family. 113. Williams, Kev. James A , 115. Williams, Leanuer, 118. Williams 1:ldgar. 223. Williams. 22. 25, 26. 31, 32. 38, 44. 46. 52. 57- 59. 60. 65 67. 73. 75. 7b. 78. 94 100, 105. 113. 114 115. 120. 121, 122. 125, 127, 128, 112, 133, 134, 140. 141. 153. 155. i'^z. 163, 164. 165, 168. 171. 185, 200. 202. 212, 213, 215. 216, 224, 236, 240. 242. 243. 244. 245. 24.). 301. 302. 303 304. 308, 314. 315. 401. Wilco.x, 54. 395. Williamson. 95, 441. Wilson, 146. 171, 175, 216. 243, 258. 287, 390. 400. Wiley, 141. 190, 407. Willie, 160. Willard. 162. Wilmot, 170. 305. \V'ilbur, 236, 237. Willis 238. 239. 240. Willeiston, 193. Wilkington, 2n. Wilkinson. 421. Wilde, John, 452. Wilde. 171, 173. 452. 453. 454. Willocks. 355. Withington, 453. -L^ Wicks, Stephen. M. 1)., 268. Wicks, 84, 218, 231. 237, 238, 239. Winthrop, 14, 420. Winans, 55, 243. Winterick. 160 Wiedenhold. 160. Wiseman. 171. Winter. 172. VVlGGIN, H. B.. 20S. Wiggin, 183. 202. 207. 208. Wigger. 197. Winey. 192. Wisner, 160. Wilniarth, 221 Wi'nierdmg. 254. ^57. 362. Willigerod, 257. Wilkins. 355.' Wildey. 361. 362. Winslow, 362. Wmant, 287. Winner, 401. Wiley, 390 White. Re\. William C, 136. White, 134. 136. 156, 159, 161. 1R5, 360. Whiting. 121. 213, 238, 240. Whiteside, 152. Whitaker. 154, 155. Whiitingham, 162, 164. 240. Whitney, 166. 214, 245, Whittlesey, 215. Whitehead, 254, 255. Whitlock, 146" \\'HiTTEMokE Family. 432. Whittemore. Saml'el, 433. Whittemore. 169, 432, 433, 434. Whitman, 182, 297, 390. Whilhelni. 221. Wright. 30. 64, 174. 297, 320. 358, 360. 361, 425 Wood [. Walter, 365. Wood, 156, 164, 241, 355, 362. 371, 449. WoodhuU, 315, 337. Woodworth, 251, Woodward, 247. 445. Woodruft. 254. 390, 414. Woodhouse, 164. \\'olcott, 370. Wolf. 125, i6i, 239. Wolt, 240. 247. Worcester, 145. Worth. 315. 337. Woolsey, 410. Wyckoff, 36. 90, 91. W\man, 158, 159. Whybrew, 43 Yardley, Mrs. Chari.es B., 454. Vardley, 237. 240, 251. 254. Yeomans. Rev. Alkred 152. Yeomans. 150. 155 214. 245. Yorke. 382. Yost, 161. Young, 146, 166, 167. 170, 214. 390. Zippell. 169. 251, 259. Zimmerman, 240 1 j"^' . ' • ". % 4" U ^^^ '-' "' %^ / • .0 -TV - 1^^ .-%#f'^ ^h V^^ ^, g-* 1 ,v ^■^°^ >' . '° ••"-'-:•. 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