LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 
 
 Chap..f.S^^ Copyright No.. 
 Shelf.iIl_^V1t.1 
 
 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 
 
HISTORY 
 
 AND 
 
 AMY 3<BWMmmi 
 
 OP 
 
 Dubois County. 
 
 BY 
 
 GEORGE R. WILSON. 
 
 ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 1896. 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1896, by George R. Wilson, in the office of the 
 Librarian of Congress at Washington. 
 
 U'\'A^ '^ 
 
 ie^v/vi^. 
 
TO THE SONS AND DAUGHTERS 
 
 IN THE COMMON SCHOOLS OF DUBOIS COUNTY 
 
 THIS BOOK 
 
 IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY 
 
 THE AUTHOR. 
 
INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 t^* ^* ^* 
 
 OF tlie is8nin|j; of educational devices there will be no end, hence 
 none need wonder at this. The writer has long noticed that the 
 children of Dubois County lack a knowledge of its history. It is 
 to supply this knowledge, in a measure at least, that this monograph has 
 its origin. 
 
 There is no lack of material at hand for such work. Tlie labor has 
 not been in getting material, but in discriminating, in taking only the 
 most important, and in putting it in such form most likely to make it read- 
 able, or useful for reference. Space prevented even a mention of many 
 things that a larger work could take up and use to advantage. The book 
 has been compiled, so to speak, with the rubber end of a pencil and a kodak. 
 The fact that we have examined many authorities, private and public 
 records and documents at Jasper, Indianapolis and Washington; consulted 
 many old citizens, and been upon every section of land in Dubois County, 
 gives the little history at least a chance of being somewhat accurate. 
 
 "That wliich strikes the eye lives h)ng upon the mind ; 
 The faithful sight engraves the knowledge with a beam of light." 
 
 Taking this as a guide, the little book is fully illustrated. 
 
 By far the most interesting part of this monograph is the pictures. 
 Some of them appear through the kindness of friends of the parties or insti- 
 tutions represented. They rej)resent the enterprise and liberality of our 
 citizens. 
 
 If we succeed in gettiug a few children to know more of their countv, 
 to think more of her institutions, to better respect the old citizens, and to 
 help advance Dubois county along the road to continued usefulness and 
 prosperity, we shall feel amply repaid for our labor. 
 
 GEO. R. WILSON. 
 
 County Superintendent's Office, 
 Jaspee, Ind., Nov. 2, 1896, 
 
HISTORY OF DUBOIS COUNTY. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 EARLY SETTLEMENT. 
 
 Dubois County as known in 1896, and as it has been for half a century, 
 is bounded on the north by Daviess and Martin Counties ; on the east by 
 Orange, Crawford and Perry Counties ; on the south by Perry, Spencer and 
 Warrick Counties, and on the west by Warrick and Pike Counties. At its 
 greatest length it is twenty-two miles, and at its greatest width it is twenty- 
 one miles. Its greatest length is north and south. The center of the county 
 is about two miles southeast of Jasper, its county seat. 
 
 When Indiana became a territory, [1805] what is now known as Dubois 
 County, was part of Knox County. About eight years later Gibson County 
 was organized and it embraced a part of what is now Dubois. In 1816, this 
 territory became a part of Pike County, and was so known when Indiana 
 became a state, that is, on Dec. 11, 1816. On December 20, 1817, an act 
 was approved creating Dubois County, not just as we know its present size 
 and shape, but as an individual county. That act was passed at Corydon, 
 then the capital of Indiana. 
 
 Gen. W. Johnson, of Knox County ; Thomas Polke, of Perry County ; 
 Thomas Montgomery, of Gibson County ; Richard Palmer, of Daviess County, 
 and Ephraim Jordon, of Knox County, were appointed commissioners to 
 select a site for a county seat. They selected the place where Portersville 
 now stands. The same act that empowered these men to select a place for 
 the county seat, stated that ten per cent of the net proceeds of the sale of the 
 lots should be reserved for the use of a county library in Dubois countv. 
 This would seem to indicate that Dubois County and education were twin 
 sisters. The commissioners mentioned above, selected Portersville, on Mon- 
 day, February 9, 1818. 
 
 Dubois County takes its name from Toussaint Dubois, a Frenchman, of 
 Vincennes, Indiana. He was a soldier under Gen. William Henry Harrison, 
 and was in the fight at Tippecanoe. Harrison also employed him as a mes- 
 senger to various Indian tribes. 
 
 It is generally believed that Dubois County was settled in 1801, along a 
 route that passed through the county, leading from Vincennes to Jefferson- 
 ville. This route is also known as the "mud hole trace," and passed south 
 of Portersville and nearly parallel with the base-line. It passed near the 
 Ludlow school-house in Harbison township, and south of Crystal in Colum- 
 bia township. Near Crystal, not many years ago, part of the'old logs cut by 
 General Harrison's men and used in making the road passable, were dug out 
 of the ground so that it might be cultivated. The route passed near the 
 Union Valley school-house in Columbia township, and up Cane Creek into 
 Orange County„ Along this route, or road, brave pioneers traveled in going 
 between Vincennes and the falls of the Ohio River. General Harrison's 
 forces camped two days at the Milburn Spring, near the Union Valley school- 
 house. He also camped at Fort McDonald. General Harrison's men took 
 
6 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 the liberty to change the route in some places, and as a result, it is sometimes 
 
 called the "Governor's Trace," for he was a 
 governor, and afterwards a president, as well 
 as a general. 
 
 We are indebted to Lieut. Hiram McDon- 
 ald, for the following account of the first set- 
 tlement in Dubois County: 
 
 "My father, Allen McDonald, was the first 
 white man born in Dubois County, having been 
 born about ten rods east of Sherritt's grave- 
 yard, on Sunday, January 15, 1809. He was a 
 son of William McDonald, who came to Du- 
 bois County in 1801, and cleared six acres, 
 immediately south of the above graveyard. 
 Father died October i, 1880. My grandfather, 
 William McDonald, was born in Scotland, Oc- 
 LIEUT. HIRAM Mcdonald, Co. D. 24th tober 10, 1775, and came to Pennsylvania 
 
 ind. Voi.,son of Allen McDonald, and when but three years of age. His wife, Jane 
 
 grandson of the pioneer, William Mc- t-, , • tt i /-■« -k r \ 
 
 Donald* Born December 18, 1837. En- i3.,was bom ju Hamburg, Germany, March 
 Wafu'n"ti!DlcJ^^^^^^^^^^^ 3^^ 1775- She also Came to Pennsylvania when 
 
 Orderly-Sergeant of Co. H, 24th Indiana she was three years of age. Thesc two peo- 
 
 Volunteers. i ^ t\ i. • /-* ^ ■ u i^ 
 
 pie came to Dubois County m looi, but owmg 
 
 to the Indians, who were troublesome, my 
 
 grandfather took my grandmother back to 
 
 the Ohio Falls during the same year, and 
 
 then returned. He and his sons Alexander 
 
 and David looked after the six acres before 
 
 mentioned. My grandfather walked around 
 
 the land keeping guard with his long rifle 
 
 while Uncle Alex and Uncle David cleared, 
 
 and burned logs, and planted corn. They 
 
 again returned to the Ohio Falls, and the 
 
 families of James Tolly, and a man named 
 
 Churchill came back with them. It was 
 
 then that the building of Fort McDonald 
 
 began. The old fort was forty feet long, 
 
 eighteen feet wide, and two stories high. 
 
 It had a stick chimney at each end, two 
 
 doors, but no windows, only one peep hole 
 
 about one foot square. The fort faced the 
 
 east and 
 stood on 
 
 the northwest quarter of the southwest quar- 
 ter of section 34, town one, north, range 
 five west, near the section line, and about 
 one hundred and twenty rods north of the 
 base line. I knew the fort well when I was 
 a boy, and often slept in it. The lower 
 story was divided into two rooms for the 
 families of the early settlers. The second 
 story was in one room. From its walls were 
 port holes two inches wide and four inches 
 
 high. Through these my grandfather and his companions would shoot with 
 
 their long flint-lock rifles, and thus keep the Indians away. 
 
 ALLEN McDonald. 
 
 FORT Mcdonald. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 "My grandfather had first settled at what is now the Sherritt graveyard 
 and there built the first cabin in Dubois County. In it my father was bor , 
 and he now lies buried but a few rods away from its former location. 
 
 "This cabin was about one half of a mile south of Fort McDonald. This 
 settlement was the only one between Vincennes and Paoli. Pioneers came in 
 groups of five or six, as a protection against an Indian attack. They 
 remained over night and then proceeded to Vincennes or Paoli, which they 
 forced themselves to reach in one da}. There was a small "horse-mill" at 
 Vincennes, and there they went for meal; on sleds in winter; on horse-back 
 in summer. 
 
 "The first white person to be buried in Dubois County was a sister of 
 William McDonald, my grandfather. She was put to rest in what is now 
 Sherritt's graveyard — and made its first 
 grave. 
 
 "One night the Indians came to my 
 grandfather's cabin and stole his four 
 horses. They were followed to "Rock 
 House Shoals," (Buck Shoals) and 
 there all tracks of Indians and horses 
 were lost. 
 
 "Toussaint Dubois entered the land 
 upon which my grandfather first set- 
 tled. My father was once offered the 
 330 acres for a small bay mare that he 
 afterwards sold for $45. Now each 
 acre is worth more. Six months after 
 Dubois entered the land my grand- 
 father first settled on, James Tolly 
 entered, for my grandfather, the 160 
 acres upon which Fort McDonald 
 stood. 
 
 "Church services and schools were 
 held in Fort McDonald, and in this 
 respect, like in many others, this old 
 fort stands first in the history of Dubois 
 County. 
 
 "William McDonald died July 19, Mrs. Coi. B. B. edmonston, born January 27, 
 181S, and his wife, Jane B., in 1834. i^'^-'^/^y'^'^t ?°K""'J'•,^I«"^"^''X' ^'t^ ^K^T 
 
 ' • . o • /^ per, Indiana, October 5, 1S76. A daug^hter of the 
 
 Both are buried in the Sherritt Grave- pioneer, wiiuam McDonald. Brought to Du. 
 
 d,, bois County in 1803, and was for sometime the 
 
 _, • first and only little white girl in Dubois County. 
 
 Some descendants of William Mc- Her maiden name was Miss Joanna H. McDon- 
 
 aid. 
 
 Donald live in this county. Here is 
 
 his progeny: His children were David B., Alexander, James F., Mary F., 
 Joanna H., Napoleon B.,John, Allen, William and Maria, [lo]. Alexander 
 McDonald's children were William A., Mary, Marie, Esther and Jane, [5]. 
 Jane McDonald, in 1841, became the wife of Mr. Jesse Traylor. She died in 
 1861. Her children are Senator Wm. A. Traylor, Ex-Sheriff Albert H. 
 Traylor, Joel, Lockhart, Perry G., Louis, Ellis, Edward S. and Basil, [9], 
 
 William McDonald's daughter, Joanna H., became the wife of Col. B. 
 B. Edmonston. Allen McDonald, the first white person born in Dubois 
 County, is the father of Hiram (the narrator), Louis A., Mary A., Sarah, 
 Leander, Alexander, Frances, Fletcher, Eva, and Oscar, — and so the de- 
 scendants run out into many families." 
 
HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Here at the Sherritt Graveyard is a place where those who love to dwell 
 upon the past history of Dubois County can find food for thought. If you are 
 like Sir Walter Scott's "Old Mortalit}'," you can brush away the moss from 
 the "French Lick" headstones, and read beneath, "Born, 1765," ''Born, 
 1776;" "Died, 1815," "Died, 1825," and any number of similar dates, 
 while beneath your feet lie the remains of many hardy pioneers whose graves 
 are unnumbered and unmarked, save by the ivy that the blasts of nearly a 
 hundred winters have not eliminated. The dignity and eloquence of the 
 names on the "mossy marbles" justify the pride of the living who loyally 
 trace the most valued influences of their lives to the time when they knew 
 and loved those now beneath the sod. 
 
 Here lie in peaceful slumber the early McDonalds, Niblacks, Sherritts, 
 Haddocks, Kelsoes, Traylors, McCrilluses, Tollys, Churchills, Cavenders, 
 
 Harbisons, Flints, But- 
 lers, Bixlers, Breiden- 
 baughs — soldiers, judges, 
 surveyors, pioneers, com- 
 missioners — and a long 
 line of others whose 
 names have been obliter- 
 ated from the headstones 
 by the cruel hand of 
 time. 
 
 Touching the enclos- 
 ure on the south side is 
 t h e first field cleared 
 from the prmieval forest ; 
 touching the same en- 
 closure on the west was 
 built the first rude cabin 
 
 SHERRITT GRAVEYARD. c ..u -x/f r\ 11 ui 
 
 of the McDonalds, while 
 
 on the east stood their first double log-cabin, and in it was born little Allen 
 McDonald, the first white native of the soil that now constitutes Dubois 
 County. 
 
 A few rods north of the graveyard runs the base line, at about 38° 30' north 
 latitude, and in its "due westerly course" through Illinois to the city of St. 
 Louis, while almost in sight is the location of old Fort McDonald, the pro- 
 tector of civilizing influence in Dubois County, and the camp of Gen. Wil- 
 liam Henry Harrison. It stood about 9° 58^ west of the city of Washington. 
 
 Let those who now own fine farms and homes in Dubois County pause 
 here for a moment, and pay their respects to the bodies now crumbling in 
 death, who, when in life directed the axe that cleared the forest and held the 
 rifle that stayed the Indian, or felled the bear and panther. 
 
 Their labors and their efforts to advance civilization on the frontier in 
 their days deserve a fitting memorial in the shape of a large substantial rustic 
 monument of native stone. Who will erect it? 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 ODDS AND ENDS OF EARLY DAYS. 
 
 The early settlers in Dubois County had many trials and hardships. The 
 McDonalds had settled on the south bank of Mud Hole Creek about two 
 hundred yards south of where the base line was laid out two years later. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 The site is on a beautiful knoll that commands the little creek, which is well 
 supplied with springs and has never been known to "go dry." Mc- 
 Donald was a ranger, guide and fearless hunter. A short time after he set- 
 tled in Dubois County, the Indians called on him, and insisted that the pale 
 face should be initiated into the mysteries and secrets of the original Redmen. 
 He consented, whereupon one of the braves killed a hawk; its head was cut 
 off, and impaled on a tall pole, when all proceeded to the banks of Mud 
 Hole Creek. Pale Face McDonald was given the pole and required co hold 
 the hawk's head above his own, while the Indians joined hands and danced 
 about him in all their gruesome style. He thus became the first adopted Red 
 Man in Dubois County, and lived to tell the tale to his future neighbors. 
 
 The McDonald fort was the half-way place between the country in and 
 about Paoli and Vincennes. Early settlers in Orange and Washington 
 Counties had to go to Vincennes to enter their lands. Fort McDonald was 
 the stopping place in going and coming, and thus became of some import- 
 ance. A gunsmith finally came along and was induced to remain and repair 
 the guns of settlers, explorers, and sometimes of the Indians. Some few 
 Indians had guns, others used the bow and arrows. Many of them were 
 excellent shots. Some could hit a "bit" with an arrow at a distance of fifty 
 feet. 
 
 A "bit" in those days was one-half of a silver coin that in its original 
 state was worth twenty-five cents. Change was scarce, and silver was cut 
 into halves and quarters and passed as money. As late as the fall of 1896, 
 the half of a silver half dollar was found near this old settlement. Some 
 years ago a Spanish coin bearing date 17 17, vvas found where McDonald had 
 built his residence. 
 
 It was a very common occurence to see a son of the early settler walking 
 by the side of his father carrying his long trusty flint-lock rifle, while the 
 father held the plow. Sometimes a daughter carried the gun. 
 
 The graves of many of the early settlers of Dubois County have been 
 lost. Many were buried on a knoll near some corner of their land and thus 
 their exact resting places cannot be found. There are more than two 
 hundred of such burial plots in Dubois County. 
 
 After the Indians had left Dubois County as a tribe, a few returned on 
 a hunting trip. Of these few one was 
 killed near the Sherritt graveyard where 
 they had built a wigwam of the bark of a 
 poplar tree. He was killed by a white 
 man, and is said to have been the last one 
 killed in this county. The killingtook place 
 on the land that Toussaint Dubois bought 
 from the United States in 1807. Dubois 
 entered 320 acres. It is well watered. 
 Mill Creek and Mud Hole Creek flow 
 through it, and on the north side about 
 fifty feet south of the base line, and about 
 the same distance from Mill Creek is 
 "Toussaint Dubois Spring." This 
 spring is one of the very best in the entire 
 county. It flows a strong stream, and its waters are excellent. An analysis 
 of its waters shows its ingredients to be (according to State Chemist John 
 
 TOUSSAINT DUBOIS SPRING, or. the farm of 
 Mr. Fritz Mann, in Boone township. 
 
10 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Hurty) as follows: Thirty-two orrains of chalk, and the slightest trace of 
 iron in one gallon. It is said there is no purer water in the state of Indiana. 
 This man Dubois entered land in various parts of Southern Indiana, and 
 after his death much of i , including his possessions in Dubois County, was 
 sold for taxes. His daughter Susan, married a Mr. Jones, and he permitted 
 the land to sell for taxes. 
 
 Col. Simon Morgan was the first clerk and recorder in Dubois County. 
 He served in this double capacity for twenty-three years, from the establish- 
 ^ ment of the county seat at 
 
 ^?^G:^/*7^__t-^:^^'«^ Po''teisville, until his death, 
 '^ ' in 1S41 
 
 ^. 
 
 
 His remains lie buried 
 about a mile south of Hays- 
 ville in the Reed Graveyard 
 near the Jasper and Hays- 
 ville road. 
 
 In the center of the court 
 house at Portersville a small 
 space was railed off, and 
 within the rails sat Judge 
 Goodlet and Clerk Morgan, 
 in all their original dignity, 
 while court was in session. 
 After court adjourned dig- 
 nity was laid aside and each 
 was himself again. 
 
 Many of the early settlers 
 came from Tennessee, Ken- 
 tucky, Virginia and the 
 They brought 
 
 The above is an exact renresentation of the penmanship of 
 Col. Simon Morgan, the first clerk and recorder of Dubois 
 County. Colonel Morgan, was born in Virginia, February 3, Vi'^'A, 
 and came to Dubois County in 1816. He died at Jaspet, in Jan- 
 uary, la41. He was elected clerk and recorder when Dubois 
 County was organized, 181S, and served as such until his death. 
 The above shows his penmanship, as executed with a goose-quill Carolinas. 
 pen in 1831. •1.1. ...u ..^ 1 • J 
 
 With them cotton, and raised 
 this product on the land about Portersville. A cotton gin was in operation 
 at Portersville. The lassies learned to spin and weave, and presented a neat 
 and clean appearance in their homemade cotton gowns. One native, Elijah 
 Lemmon, lost an arm at the cotton gin at Portersville. Later, sheep were 
 brought and wool soon took the place of cotton, and cotton fell back to its 
 natural soil, the red hills of Southern Tennessee. 
 
 The Indians that lingered in the county during its early settlement were 
 fond of milk, and would frequently carry a ham of a deer or a bear to the cabin 
 of a white man and deliver it to the Pale Face. Then by grunts and signs they 
 would indicate that they wanted milk in return. They drank all they could, then 
 filled their Indian jugs, or pouches made of coon skins to take -with them. 
 They never left any milk. Often they would give many times its worth in 
 wild meat. 
 
 Deer was the most numerous of the wild animals. Thousands roamed 
 through the woods in Dubois County. A pair of venison hams sold for 
 about twenty cents. The hides were also an article of trade worth from six 
 to twelve cents. The deer hams were shipped south on flat boats with pork, 
 corn, beans, etc. In this way the settlers bought their powder, flint and lead, 
 and such groceries and medicines as they needed. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA, 11 
 
 To-day if an enemy's ship should fire a cannon ball into the city of Bos- 
 ton or San Francisco, in an hour every town in Dubois County could know 
 it, and its citizens would begin to talk of defensive measures. Fifty years 
 ago it took six or seven weeks before it was known that Polk was elected 
 president. The race between Clay and Polk for president was an exciting one, 
 yet news in Southern Indiana traveled slowly, and the result was not known 
 for weeks. ,^ 
 
 In 1835, people in j^ubois County were very sociable. The clothes 
 they wore made no false imstinctions as now-a-days. At that time the wear- 
 ing apparel of the entire people, men, women and children was manufac- 
 tured at home. The loom — the big and little wheels and reel — was indis- 
 pensable, and found in every house. The women did the weaving. They 
 made jeans, blue and butternut flannels: linseys, both plain and striped, flax 
 and tow linen. Dresses wei-e made of linsey. They frequently had turkey 
 red stripes — the brighter, the prouder the girl was that wore it. 
 
 In 1840, the way of traveling was on horse-back. Everybody rode well. 
 Ladies were excellent riders and seemed at home on the horse. Races were 
 frequent along the level roads of Boone township. Old people tell 
 us that frequently at a marriage there was a custom of "riding for the bottle. ''' 
 The wedding party would start at the groom's home, while the bottle was 
 buried at some place near the bride's home, well known to all the party. 
 The race was a helter-skelter-ride across the country for the bottle. The 
 lady who won, was entitled to select her partners for the dances at the 
 wedding. There were also many other plans of testing the speed of the 
 horse and the skill of his rider. 
 
 The first court held in Dubois County was held at the house of William 
 McDonald, in August, i8rS. Jonathan Doty was presiding judge, Arthur 
 Harbison was associate judge, Adam Hope was sheriff, and Col. Simon 
 Morgan was clerk. From McDonald's house court adjourned to meet at 
 Portersville. This village had but one hotel, then called a tavern. The 
 judges and lawyers took possession of the tavern, while witnesses and jurors 
 had to go elsewhere. Accommodations were not to be had ; so when men 
 were summoned as jurors they knew that they were to go prepared. It was be- 
 fore the days of matches, so they took with them steel, flint, punk; powder, 
 balls, gun, salt, bread, dog, horse, and blanket. The blanket frequently 
 consisted of a bear's hide, such as are now called robes. 
 
 The jurors spent the night at "Jury Spring," about one-fourth mile 
 south of Portersville, with no shelter save their bear robes and the blue 
 canopy of heaven. They told jokes and played games until sleep overcame 
 them. Early in the morning they were out for wild game which was plenti- 
 ful and furnished good meat. When court opened they were ready to serve 
 as jurors and decide the "weighty case according to law and evidence." 
 
 A few of the very first settlers in Dubois County brought slaves with 
 them, but soon let them serve as free men. The idea of slavery was re- 
 pulsive to frontiersmen. Now there are not fifty colored people in Dubois 
 County. There was at one time a settlement of Negroes, and a colored 
 school on the line dividing Cass and Ferdinand townships. Now, many of 
 the colored people He buried in their little cemetery on a high hill about half 
 way between Ferdinand and Huntingburg. 
 
12 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 13 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 EARLY LAND TITLES AND SETTLERS. 
 
 Some confusion appears to exist in the minds of land owners as to the 
 source of title to lands within Dubois County. At one time this was a part 
 of Canada. England however, claimed this part of North America by virtue 
 of the discoveries of the Cabots, and her subsequent successes. A charter 
 was granted to Virginia which included lands in Indiana. Virginia gave her 
 rights to the United States, March i, 1784. When the Indians' title 
 was obtained, the land was surveyed, and sold to settlers, or donated to 
 parties or corporations that eventually sold to settlers. 
 
 The Indians' title to the lands was obtained by a treaty with them, held 
 at Fort Wayne, June 7, 1803, except for a small part lying southwest of Hol- 
 land, which was obtained by the treaty at Vincennes, August i8th and 27th, 
 1804. 
 
 The surveys in Dubois County, after the base line was surveyed, began 
 as follows: Range 3, west, September 10, 1804, by Levi Barber. (This is 
 all the land in Columbia, Hall and Jefferson townships) ; range 4, west, 
 September, 1804, by Nahum Bewl ; range 
 5, west, October 17, 1804, by David 
 Landford ; range 6, west, October 24, 
 1804, by Stubbs and Fowler, and south 
 of the Fort Wayne treaty line by A. 
 Stone, August 2q, 1805. 
 
 The Indians that lived in Dubois County 
 are said to have belonged to the Fainke- 
 shaw Tribe of the Great Miami Confed- 
 eracy of Indians. Many scattered mem- 
 bers of the tribe remained in th'i county 
 until long after the white people had 
 made their homes here. About all that 
 remains of them now are their crumbling 
 bones in the various Indian graveyards 
 on the brows of many of our hills. 
 
 For various purposes the United States 
 ceded large tracts of land in the state of 
 Indiana to the state of Indiana, and it in 
 turn to different parties. Among the 
 lands granted was a part of Dubois 
 County. The great Wabash and Erie 
 Canal, leading from Lake Erie to Evans- 
 ville, Indiana, was under construction in 
 1840. It passed near Petersburg, Ind- 
 iana, and approached Evansville, along 
 what is now the Evansville and Jasper 
 branch of the L., E. & St. L. Railroad. 
 
 County were given to this canal company to help it in the construction of the 
 canal, while other parts of the land were donated to the stale seminary, state 
 university and common schools. Many parts of the county were low, and 
 such land was called "swamp land." 
 
 In these swamp lands the state of Indiana had large ditches dug, drained 
 off the water, and then sold the land. Dr. E. Stephenson, of Jasper, was 
 swamp land commissioner, and sold many tracts for the state of Indiana. 
 
 ALOIS SPRAUER, Artist, Jasper, Ind., who made 
 the photographs from which the larger per 
 cent of the engravings in this book were made. 
 
 106,675^ acres of land in Dubois 
 
14 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Some of these ditches may be seen to-day, for example, the one I'ust west of 
 Ireland, the one just west of the Mahin school house in Madison township, 
 part of Birch Creek in Boone township, one at the corner of Boone, Madison 
 and Bainbridge townships, one draining part of Jasper, one draining Buffalo 
 Pond, one mile north of Jasper, one near the corner of Harbison, Bainbridge 
 and Marion townships, and many others. The land drained by these ditches 
 is now the most fertile and valuable, for farming purposes, in Dubois County. 
 But we must go back to other lands. For the convenience of settlers, 
 and those desiring to purchase the public lands of the United States in Dubois 
 County, a land office was opened at Vincennes, in 1804; and for awhile at 
 Washington, Daviess County, Indiana, for the canal land. To these land 
 offices pioneers wended their weary way, purchased their homesteads, and in 
 
 PROSPERITY ON A BAINBRIDGE TOWNSHIP FARM. 
 
 time obtained their first deeds, called patents, from the United States govern- 
 ment, or from the Wabash and Erie Canal. The patents from the govern- 
 ment were usually on a yellow parchment, that in substance resembled the 
 head of a drum. They bear the name of the President of the United States, 
 and are rather dignified and ancient looking documents. The patents issued 
 by the Wabash and Erie Canal are more modern looking, and printed on a 
 sky-blue paper. Much of this land was bought for twelve and one-half cents 
 an acre. 
 
 The trip to Vincennes to enter land (as purchasing it was called) was 
 often made on foot, the pioneer trusting to his rugged constitution to stand 
 the swimming of the bridgeless streams, and to his very long flint-lock rifle 
 for his venison and bear meat. He ate none but the best of wild meats, such 
 as would be relished by the most fastidious epicure of to-day. 
 
 Here was a grand illustration of true manhood. This hardy, honest 
 pioneer left the scenes of civilization, in Virginia, Kentucky and the Caro- 
 linas as "if moved by an over-ruling divinity," and came on to Dubois 
 County guided only by the familiar blaze of the surveyor's axe, until his eye 
 fell on the spot of his choice. Here he built his ''block-house," with some 
 stream or sprmg near by. He got his patent, cleared away the forest about his 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 15 
 
 cabin, and protected his wife and babies from the wily Indian ; from the sulky 
 bear, the enraged wounded deer, the vicious catamount, the ferocious pan- 
 ther, the hungry wolf, the shrill howling coyote, the sharp eyed lynx, the 
 grunting wild boar and many other wild animals. 
 
 Or, if he came not of Southern Cavalier parentage, he came from the busy 
 scenes of central Europe, and landed in Dubois County a few years after 
 the pioneer from the states named above. The chances are that he had a 
 strong constitution, a firm determination to remain settled, a pouch filled 
 with gold about his body, a kind heart and a willing hand that knew no fear 
 of work. He bought out the "squatter" or more roaming disposed Ameri- 
 can and settled down to hard work. 
 
 Toussaint Dubois, after whom this county was named, came after the 
 McDonalds, and bought their lands of the government. May 7, 1807. The 
 McDonalds were not the owners in fee simple, but were generally 
 known as rangers. The government deeds to Toussaint Dubois, properly 
 called patents, were written upon the prepared skins of an animal, and call 
 for 160 acres each, being the north half of section 3, township i, south, 
 range 5, west. It is not known that Toussaint Dubois ever lived on the land. 
 When the McDonalds settled in Dubois County the land had not been sur- 
 veyed. The base line mentioned above was surveyed in 1804, by Ebenezer 
 Buckingham, Jr. On October 17th, of the same year, David Sanford, a gov- 
 ernment surveyor, sub-divided range 5, west, into sections, thus Toussaint 
 Dubois saw his opportunity of entering the land upon which the McDonalds 
 had settled. The patent was issued after the entry and not until purchase 
 money had been paid. The patents have not been recorded in Du- 
 bois County. These were nine inches wide and twelve inches long, and for 
 the benefit of such readers who may never have read one, below is presented 
 a copy of one of the patents issued to Toussaint Dubois, and now in 
 possession of Mr. Fritz Mann, who is the owner of part of the real estate. 
 This is the first patent issued for land in Dubois County: 
 
 COPY OF ONE OF THE PATENTS ISSUED TO TOUSSAINT DUBOIS. 
 
 THOMAS JEFFERSON, President of the United States of America: 
 To all to vkom these presetits shall come, g-reeting: 
 
 Know Ye, That Toussaint Dubois, of Vincennes, having deposited in the Treasury 
 a certificate of the Register of the Land Office, at Vincennes, whereby it appears that 
 he has made full payment for the North-East quarter of Section number three, of town- 
 ship number one (South of the Basis line) in range number five (West of the second 
 meridian) of the lands directed to be sold at Vincennes by the act of Congress, entitled 
 "An act providing for the sale of Lands of the United States in the Territory north-west 
 of the Ohio, and above the mouth of Kentucky river," and of the acts amendatory of the 
 same. There is granted, by the United States, unto the said Toussaint Dubois, the 
 quarter lot or section of land above described: To have and to hold the said quar- 
 ter lot or section of land, with the appurtenances, unto the said Toussaint Dubois, his 
 heirs and assigns forever. 
 
 In Testimony whereof, I have caused these letters to be made patent, 
 and the seal of the United States to be hereunto affixed. 
 
 Given under my hand at the City of Washington, the sixteenth day 
 Seal of the °^ February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hnndred and 
 
 nine, and of the Independence of the United States of America, the 
 thirty-third. 
 
 By the President, THS. JEFFERSON. 
 
 James Madison, Secretary of State. 
 
 United 
 States. 
 
 As the civil townships of Dubois County are bounded at the present day, 
 the following are the first entries of land in each respective township. That 
 these tracts mentioned below were the first entries in the township in which 
 they lie is not always an indication that there the first settlements were made: 
 
id 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Columbia Township. The first land entered was the south half of the 
 northeast quarter of section 34, township i north, range 3 west, 80 acres. 
 Thomas Pinchens entered it on April 30, 1816. This land is in Union Valley, 
 about the "Milburn Spring, "and near where General Harrison camped, when 
 on his way to fight the battle of Tippecanoe. 
 
 Harbison Township. Samuel McConnell entered the southwest quar- 
 ter of Section 36, township i north, range 5 west, on May 29, 1807. This 
 joins the tract mentioned in the next township. "Taussaint Dubois Springs" 
 are in sight of this land. 
 
 Boone Township. The north half of section 3, township i south, 
 range 5 west, was entered by Toussaint Dubois, May 7, 1807. This is also 
 the first land entered in the county. 
 
 Madison Township. One hundred and sixty acres in the southwest 
 quarter of section 35, township i south, range 6 west, was entered by John 
 Walker, June 15, 18 14. This is now the "Sweeney Farm," east of Hills- 
 boro Church. 
 
 Bainbridge Township. On March 4, 1S16, Nelson Harris entered the 
 southwest quarter of section 28, township i south, range 5 west. This is now 
 
 the Fritz Geiger farm, and lies im- 
 mediately east of Shiloh Cemetery. 
 On this land lie the remains of Sheriff 
 Thomas Woolridge, who wa's shot and 
 killed on West Sixth street, in the town 
 of Jasper, about 1842. 
 
 Marion Township. The south- 
 east quarter of section 11, township 2 
 south, range 4 west, was the first land 
 entered in this township. The entry 
 was made by John Hall, December 2, 
 1818. It is now the "Warsing Farm," 
 and lies south of the Fitter School- 
 house. 
 
 Hall Township. On August it 
 
 1817, Edward Hall entered the west 
 
 half of the northwest quarter of section 
 
 9, township 2 south, range 3 west. 
 
 This is now the "Frechtel Farm," 
 
 about one mile north of Schnellville. 
 
 This man leaves his name on "Hall's 
 
 Creek" and Hall township. 
 
 Jefferson Township. James Newton, on Ai\gust 5th, 1834, entered 
 
 the southeast quarter of the northwest quarter of section i, township 3 south, 
 
 range 3 west. This land is on Anderson Creek and nearly two miles south 
 
 of Birdseye. 
 
 Jackson Tozvnship. In this township the first entry was made by 
 Philip Kimmel. On November 27, 1819, he entered the west half of the 
 southwest quarter of section 26. township 3 south, range 4 west. This is 
 part of the land that lies immediately south of St. Anthony, and north of the 
 railroad . 
 
 Patoka Township. The northeast quarter of section 9, township 3 
 south, range 5 west, comes first. It was entered June 2, i8i8,byEli Thomas. 
 It lies immediately south of Fairmount Cemetery. [On November 17, of the 
 same year William Gibson, of Virginia, entered section 21, township 2 south, 
 range 5 west, and the entire section to this day remains unbroken in his 
 
 HON. JOHN L. BRETZ, of Jasper, Indiana, Prose- 
 cutor of Eleventh Judicial Circuit, from 1884 
 to 1890. Congressman ot Second Indiana Con- 
 gressional District from ISltl to 18'.t3. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 17 
 
 name. The "Brierfield Bridge," on the Jasper and Huntingburg road is 
 on this Gibson section.] 
 
 Cass Township. James Gentry, on April i6, [8i8, entered the south- 
 west qnarter of section 15, township 3 south, range 5 west. The new Cast- 
 rup School-house No. 4, now stands on the southeast corner of this land. 
 
 Ferdinattd Township. Abner Hobbs, on August 5, 1834, entered the 
 north half of the south east quarter section 22, township 3 south, range 4 
 west. This tract lies nearly two miles northeast of Ferdinand. Notice the 
 date when Jefferson township's first entry was made. In this respect the two 
 townships divide honors, both equally last in the entry of land, in Dubois 
 County. 
 
 All land in Dubois County has been entered and, no doubt, paid for, 
 but there are one hundred twenty acres of swamp lands, and one hun- 
 dred nineteen acres of university lands in this county for which patents 
 have never been issued. The owners of the land have neglected to call for 
 the patents. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 EARLY PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS. 
 
 The first settlers, after providing for their most urgent wants, built what 
 were called block-houses. These houses were constructed of blocks of wood 
 ten or twelve inches square and of any desirable length ; about fifteen or 
 tw^enty feet. The ends were dove-tailed or double wedged, so that they 
 could not be forced apart. The logs or 
 blocks were placed one above the other 
 as ordinary log houses are constructed, 
 each block wedging down to one beneath 
 it, so that when completed a solid wall 
 of wood ten or twelve inches thick pre- 
 sented itself to the Indians, or enemy. 
 The chimney was built in the center, so 
 that it could not be torn down. Port holes 
 were cut in the logs ; that is, small holes, 
 large enough to permit a rifle being put 
 through from the inside, aimed and dis- 
 charged. These holes spread toward the 
 outside so that a rifle could be raised, low 
 ered or aimed by one within the house with- 
 out much danger from an enemy outside. 
 In this way the pioneer shot plenty of 
 deer, bears, turkeys and other wild game without even going out of his 
 house. The roof was built of logs pinned down with wooden pins, 
 nails being a luxury, too costly for such use. The door usually consisted of 
 two boards, each cut from a log. They were placed on end and securely 
 barred and braced from within. Fort McDonald was similarly constructed, 
 but much larger, for it held several families when the Indians were trouble- 
 some. It was considered much as common property by the settlers. 
 
 As previously stated William McDonald had built a house near the base 
 line on the banks of Mud Hole Creek, a branch of Mill Creek, or perhaps 
 between these two streams. At this place the commissioners, who were to 
 locate a county seat for Dubois County, met and selected the land upon' 
 
 z 
 
 The first Court House in Dubois County, at 
 Portersville, 1818, is shown on the left. It has 
 recently been torn down. The J ail stood north 
 of the Court House. It was torn down many 
 years ago. 
 
18 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 which Portersville now stands, perhaps because it is on the banks of White 
 River, streams in those days being valuable as means of transportation. 
 Court was also to be held at the McDonald house until the fllrst court house 
 could be erected. 
 
 Part of the first court house to-day (1896) remains, and a cut of the same 
 may be seen in this book. At the time it was built, giant trees stood 
 guard as silent sentinels in the surrounding forest, and on the banks of 
 White River. Parties having suits in court would camp under these "mon- 
 archs of the forest" until their suits were disposed of. The court house 
 was two stories high : so was the jail. The jad has long since disappeared. 
 It stood north and somewhat between the old court house and clerk's office, 
 which stood east of the court house, and was a one story log structure. The 
 upper story of the jail was used as a "debror's prison," for it was occupied 
 under the old constitution of Indiana, which permitted imprisonment for 
 debt. (Prior to 1853.) The lower story was more secure and used for the 
 incarceration of criminals. 
 
 Portersville was laid out by Hosea Smith, a surveyor of Pike County, 
 and the lots in Portersville were offered for sale in July, 1818. However, 
 nearly the entire county of Dubois was south of its county-seat, and when it 
 became somewhat settled, a demand was made for the re-location of a seat 
 
 of justice. Thus Portersville lost the 
 county seat to Jasper, in 1830. The 
 land on which a small part of Jasper is 
 now situated was donated for a county- 
 seat, in 1S30, by Jacob and Benjamin En- 
 low. 
 
 When Enlows' donations were made 
 twelve citizens of the neighborhood 
 bound themselves to build a court house 
 and jail at Jasper as good as those 
 at Portersville, free of cost to the county. 
 The buildings were of log, somewhat like 
 those at Portersville. The court house 
 was a two-story-log building. It had 
 a large stone chimney at each end. It 
 faced the south. The building was used for holding courts and other pub- 
 lic meetings, for school purposes, and as the clerk's and the recorder's offices. 
 These were about the only officials that really had any need of an office 
 room. Simon Morgan was the both clerk and recorder, and devoted his 
 spare time, which was about five days out a week, to teaching school in the 
 court house. 
 
 This court house, with all of its valuable records, was destroyed by fire 
 on Saturday night, August 17, 1839, while Col. Simon Morgan was clerk 
 and recorder. It stood where the present brick structure stands. North 
 of the court house stood an old jail building. It was also constructed of logs, 
 the lower story partly in the ground, with steps on the east side leading up 
 to the second floor. This was torn down before 1848. A few yards north- 
 west of the jail stood a majestic oak, and under its spreading branches, early 
 citizens would congregate during court sessions, and "fist-fights" were com- 
 mon. 
 
 After the destruction of the court house 1839, court was held at the resi- 
 dence of James H. Condict, of Jasper, and at the Cumberland Presbyterian 
 Church that stood one square east of the public square in Jasper. These 
 buildings served as court rooms for about six years, 
 
 DUBOIS COUNTY COURT HOUSE, JASPER, 1831. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 19 
 
20 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 A new court house was to be built. Finally the east three-fifths of the 
 present one were erected, and received as such in 1S47. Rev. Joseph Kun- 
 deck, was the contractor. In 1875, the remaining two-fifths were built. 
 The court house cost about $11,000.00. 
 
 In 1S49, a brick jail was built just north of the northwest corner of the 
 present court house. It was torn down about 1875, after having been used 
 as an annex to the county auditor's office. 
 
 The brick part of the present jail, now used as the sheriff's residence, was 
 
 built in 1869. The stone 
 part, or jail proper, was 
 built in 1893, the old 
 cell-room having first 
 been torn down. 
 
 A poor farm was pur- 
 chased in 1 86 1. It was 
 near the geographical 
 center of the county. An 
 asylum was erected on 
 the farm, but it was also 
 destroyed by fire on a 
 Sunday afternoon in the 
 fall of 188 1. 
 
 DUBOIS COUNTY JAIL, SHOWING THAT PART ERECTED IN 1893. 
 
 A new farm was pur- 
 chased in Madison town- 
 ship, on March 8, 1882. 
 It is one of the finest in the county and contains 350 acres. The buildings 
 on it are frame. It is to be hoped that more modern buildings will soon be 
 erected. Buildings in keeping with the dignity of the county, and in har- 
 mony with the kind feelings Dubois County has foi the poor, should displace 
 the present houses. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 CHURCHES AND RELIGIONS. 
 
 The Cumberland Presbyterian Church was the first to appear upon the 
 frontiers in Dubois County, Im 1818, that denomination began holding 
 services in this county. Perhaps the first was at Shiloh Camp Meeting 
 ground, said by some to have been in the Josiah Risley settlement in section 
 35, southwest of Ireland. At any rate, it was the fore-runner of the present 
 Shiloh in Madison township. This is considered the second church organiza- 
 tion of the C. P. denomination in the state of Indiana. One thing is sure, 
 and that is, that the Presbytery for Indiana was organized at Portersville, 
 Tuesday, April 18, 1S26, and its fourth meeting was held at Shiloh Church, 
 October 2, 1S27. 
 
 However, the first preaching in Dubois County was in Fort McDonald, 
 so often mentioned in this little history. 
 
 When Jasper became the county-seat a C. P. church was built of logs, 
 later a frame one was built, which was torn down, in 18S6, and the timbers 
 became a part of i> dwelling house on "Little Round Top" at Jasper. 
 
 A class of Methodists was organized at Jasper about 1832. 
 
 Methodists and Baptists soon became stronger and now have good build- 
 ings in the county. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 21 
 
 German Methodist missionaries came to Dubios County in 1843, from 
 Evansville, and began work four miles southwest of Huntingburg. German 
 
 SHILOH CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, MADISON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Methodism is strong in the southwestern part of Dubois County to-day, and its 
 
 people constitute part of the best citizens of the county. 
 
 "The Diocese of Vincennes," a 
 history by Rev. H. Alerding, says that in 
 1834, only two or three Catholics were 
 found at Jasper. Rev. St. Palais visited 
 the congregation. Services were held 
 on the banks of Patoka River, later on 
 lot No. 118, in the town of Jasper. In 
 1840 and 184 1, the first brick church was 
 built in Jasper. It is now used as a pa- 
 rochial school and for music and lecture 
 
 HILLSBORO C. P. CHURCH. 
 
 MADISON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 rooms. It was built be- 
 fore the court house, and 
 by the same man, Rev. 
 Joseph Kundeck, men- 
 tion of whom is often 
 made in our little book. 
 At Huntingburg Catholic 
 services were first held 
 October 20, 1859; at 
 Ferdinand, April 33, 
 1840; at Celestine, in 
 1842 ; at St. Anthony 
 about i860; at St. Henry, 
 
 BETHEL M. E. CHURCH, Madisoa Township. 
 
99 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 GERMAN EVANGELICAL SALEMS CHURCH, HUNTINGBURG. 
 
 Cost $2.i,C00. Erected, 1890. A handsome building. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 23 
 
 in 1862 ; at Schnellville, November 10, 1S73, and at Ireland, February 
 15, 1891. 
 
 The Reformed Methodist Church was founded at Bh-dseye. Rev. Peter New- 
 ton, of that town was one of its founders and is one of its bishops. 
 
 The Lutheran 
 Church has some of 
 the finest buildings 
 in Dubois County. 
 For the number of 
 church buildings in 
 the county, Hunting- 
 burg comes first. 
 For large congrega- 
 tions Jasper and Fer- 
 dinand lead. 
 
 In the early days, 
 1S30, church houses 
 were very few, and 
 
 services were often held at the residence of some settler. The minister came 
 once in four weeks. He began services at 4 p. m. on Thursday in summer, 
 and at night, during winter. The sermons were noted for being "lengthy 
 and powerful." The entire Bible constituted the text. The male members 
 of the congregation always took their dogs and guns with them. The guns 
 were stacked, and while the minister preached, the dogs fought, sometimes 
 
 M. E. CHURCH AND HIGH SCHOOL. JASPER. 
 
 JASPER PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS, LECTURE HALL, AND SCHOOLS OF MUSIC, PAINTING AND FINE ARTS. 
 
 Originally, (1840) St. Joseph's Church. Here Jasper College was also founded in 1889. The building 
 leading out to the right is the parsonage of St. Joseph's Church. 
 
 indoors; at other times about the grounds surrounding the "meeting house " 
 If the fight became too general, the preacher would stop until the men re- 
 stored order, and each man returned and held his dog until the close of the 
 sermon. No more of this is seen now. 
 
24 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
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 ^ i-i c>.c = 
 
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 Sic .^sC-5^ 
 
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 S ?r S =! S ° 
 
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OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 25 
 
 Dubois County has many fine churches and church properties whose to- 
 tal value is estimated at $1,000,000. x\t present there are fifty churches in 
 the county. 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 SCHOOLS AND EDUCATION. 
 
 A school-house is a sign of civilization, of advancement and of educa- 
 tion. There is no official record in Dubois County of its schools prior to 
 September 12, 1866, except such as appears in the form of reports scattered 
 about the various offices to whose incumbent such reports were made. 
 
 The fii-st schools in Dubois County, like in other counties of the state, 
 were of the subscription kind. The school houses were of the same style as 
 
 COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION, MAY 1, 1896, AT COURT HOUSE. 
 
 From left to right the members are William Schiiler, N. B. CoflTriian (Johu Herr, school supplies), 
 Levi L. Jacobs, John Wibbels, Johu E. Norman, Nick Senninger, Fred AUes, John Seitz. In fronton 
 the steps are R. C. Smith, John H. Eehrens, John E. Steinkamp, George R. Wilson and Alois J. Schaaf. 
 
 the dwellings of those days; of log, with a large fireplace at one end, and a 
 shelf used for a writing desk on one side. The school house often served as a 
 church house and the teacher often served as a preacher. 
 
 Beginning with 1S24, and for many years, there were three school trus- 
 tees for each township. These three trustees examined teachers in regard to 
 their abilty to teach reading, writing and arithmetic. School houses were 
 built by the able-bodied men in the district. The rooms were to be eight 
 feet high, and the floors had to be at least one foot above the ground. Such 
 was the beginning of the present district schools. Terms seldom exceeded 
 sixty days, and the wages paid teachers were very low. 
 
 The first school houses in Dubois County were usually of logs and about 
 twenty feet by twenty-four. The roof was of boards pinned down with wooden 
 pins. The floor was made of puncheons. A puncheon was a combination 
 between a log and a board. It was generally between three and six inches 
 thick and was laid down loose. The seats in the school room were generally 
 made of one-half of a small log, supported by four or six wooden pins, for legs. 
 The books were Webster's Blue-back Speller, DeBald's or Pike's Arithme- 
 tic, and Olney's Geography and Atlas. 
 
26 
 
 IITRTORV AND ART ftOTTVENIR 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 27 
 
 The New Testament served as a reader. The spelling lesson caused the 
 greatest interest. To stand at the head of a spelling class was the highest am- 
 bition. Many pupils could spell every word in the book, even though they 
 did not know its meaning, and perhaps never used the word again. To walk 
 five or six miles to school was a very common occurence. 
 
 Pupils were permitted to study as loud as they pleased, and, many thought 
 that the more noise the pupils made in studying their lessons, the better they 
 would know them. There would be bits of "a-(5, ads," i-b, ibsf "•12 
 times 12 are 144,'- '■'cancel and divide,'" '•'•In the beginning, God said let 
 there be light, and there was light," and various other sounds mixed up at 
 the same time; all while school was in session, and while the teacher was 
 explaining long division to the big boys and girls. 
 
 Pupils wrote with goose-quill pens, shapened by the teacher. The pupil 
 always "run down'' 
 his own goose, and 
 brought the feather 
 to his teacher to be 
 dexterously converted 
 into a quill pen. Sand 
 served instead of a 
 blotting-pad. School 
 began at "sun up" 
 and closed at "sun 
 down," and he who 
 got to the school 
 house first recited 
 first, and so on one at 
 a time. There was no 
 recess except at noon. 
 One of the very first 
 teachers was Simon 
 Morgan. His pen- 
 manship is shown 
 elsewhere in this little 
 history. He taught school in Fort McDonald, in the court house at Porters- 
 ville, and also in the log court house at Jasper. About 1S20, a school was 
 taught near Haysville, and also at Shiloh, west of Jasper. Before this 
 county was organized a school was taught near where Ireland now stands. 
 One was taught in Jefferson township, north of Schnellville, about 1820. 
 
 Under the constitution of 1816, and from 1843 to the year 1853, 
 John McCausland served in the capacity of county school examiner. From 
 1S53 to 1857, Rev. Joseph Kundeck, Rev, A. J. Strain, and George W. 
 Fallon served as school examiners. S. J. Cramer succeeded Mr. Fallon; 
 the others continued. For the year 1858, Rev. A, J, Strain, Stephen Jerger, 
 and S. J. Cramer served ; for 1859, Rev. A, J. Strain, William Hayes, and 
 John B. Beckwerment, served, and for 1861, Henrv A. Holthaus succeeded 
 Rev. A. J. Strain. 
 
 In 1861, the law was changed, and only one school examiner was re- 
 quired. On June 5, iS6i, Rev. A. J. Strain was appointed and he served 
 until his death, February 2, 1873. On the seventh day of the following 
 March, Mr. E. R. Brundick was appointed. 
 
 A law was passed and went into effect March 8, 1873, calling for the 
 appointment of the first county superintendent, on the first Monday of June, 
 
 LUEKEN SCHOOL HOUSE, No. 3, FERDINAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 The only log school house in Dubois county. Erected in 1854. Mr. 
 Clement Lueken, Sr., has taught here without interruption since 1861. 
 
28 
 
 ITISTORV AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 29 
 
 1873, and bi-ennially thereafter. Mr. Brundick was appointed, and held 
 until June 3, 1879, when Rev. Geo.C. Cooper became his successor. On 
 June 6, 1881, the Hon. A. M. Sweeney was appointed and served with 
 eminent success, until June, 1889, when George R. Wilson, the present incum- 
 bent, was appointed. 
 
 WILLIAM HAYES. 
 
 William Hayes. Examiner of Common School 
 Teachers for theCouuty of Dubois for the term of 
 two years from the first Monday in March, 1800. 
 Appointed by the board of county commissioners. 
 Died at JHsper, Indiana, November '■'>, 1874. Mr. 
 Hayes was born at Haysville, Indiana, October 4, 
 1834, He was an attache of the Courier office, at Jas- 
 per for fourteen years. 
 
 REV. JOSEPH KUNDECK. 
 
 Kev. Joseph Kuudeck was born iu Johannicli, 
 Croatias. Aug. '24, 1810. In 1837, he emigrated 
 to Indiana, and in 1838, was installed asjCatholic 
 pastor at Jasper. The congregation at Jasper 
 theu numbered fifteen families. During 1840 
 and 1841 he built the first brick church at Jasper. 
 He ofteu went to Madison, Ind., and over into 
 Illinois to preach. He also visited the congre- 
 gations at Ferdinand, Troy, Celestine, Fulda and 
 McLoughlin, as their pastor. To restore his 
 health he took a trip to New Orleans in 1843, and 
 while there built its first German Catholic 
 Church. He then returned to Jasper and built 
 the Court House. About the same time he built 
 the present brick church at Troy. He laid out 
 the town of Ferdinand in 1840, having purchased 
 the land of the United States in 1839. In 1843 he 
 laid out tlie town of Celestine. In 18.51 he built 
 the first Germau Catholic Church at Madison, 
 Ind., and then made a trip to Europe. About 
 this time he was appointed Vicar General of Vin- 
 cennes, having previously been Missionary Gen- 
 eraL In 1844 he introduced the Sisters of Provi- 
 dence in the schools of .Jasper. They now have 
 a flourishing academy. On Nov. 29, 18.5.5 he laid 
 out the first addition to Jasper. He bought a 
 great amount of land from the government. 
 His services and work iu Southern Indiana have 
 resulted in much good. Perhaps no man in the 
 early days of Southern Indiana was more gener- 
 ally and favorably known. In the spring of 1857 
 began an illness that caused his death on 
 December 4th, 1857. A handsome monument 
 marks his last resting place in St. Joseph's Ceme- 
 tery at Jasper. No photograph of this man could 
 be found. See copy of autograph elsewhere. 
 
 REV. A. J. STRAIN, 
 
 Born Jan. IS, 1821, died Feb. 2. 1873. Pastor of 
 Shiloh congregation for twenty-six years; County 
 School Examiner for nearly twenty years. He 
 died while holding the above position. Shiloh, 
 Lemmons.Hillsboro and Lebanoit churches Avere 
 erected during his ministration. Ordained Oc- 
 tober 10, 1847. 
 
 Before 1S73, the examination passed 
 by the applicant for a teacher's license 
 was not difficult. The difficulty was 
 in getting the teachers. The appli- 
 cant usually called on the county ex- 
 aminer, who asked a few questions, 
 which were answered orally, wrote a 
 few lines as a sample of his chirography, 
 and remained for dinner. After dinner 
 if the examiner was satisfied with the 
 applicant's knowledge, he wrote out 
 a license and handed it to him. It 
 was generally written upon a piece of 
 fools-cap paper about eight inches 
 square. 
 
 Here is a sample of a license, from 
 the original, still in possession of its owner, Lieut. William Wesley Ken- 
 dall, of Jasper: 
 
 "This Certifies that^I have examined Wesley Kendall, Relative to his qualifica- 
 tions, to teach a Common schoolas required by the School law of Indiana and find him 
 
30 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 REV. GEO. C. COOPER, 
 
 County Su|iiTintfiiileiit, lS7!t 
 
 GEO. R. WILSON, 
 
 County Superintendent, 1889. 
 
 HON. A. M. SWEENEY, 
 
 County Superintenrlent from 1R81 to 18S9. Clerk of the Supreme Court of Indiana from 
 l.sno to 1894; now I'rvsideiH o( tht; state Life Insurance to. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 31 
 
 qualified to teacli Orthography, Spelling, Reading, Writing and Arithmetic as far as 
 Interest, And he supporting a good Moral Character I therefore license him to teach 
 the branches above named for the term of three months. 
 July 29— 1856. <'A. j. Strain, S. E." 
 
 [The language and capitals areas they appear in the original.] Un- 
 der this license Mr. Kendall taught in the old Beatty school house in 
 Columbia township, near the "Beatty Spring," and on the last day of school 
 had a drill or muster of old soldiers, who formed a hollow square, and 
 
 WORLD'S FAIR DIPLOMA. 
 
 World's Fair Diploma and Medal awarded to the Dubois County Schools in 1893, at Chicago. The 
 medal and its aluminum case weigh eleven ounces. 
 
 listened to addresses. To show that such was the usual grade in those 
 days in Southern Indiana, below may be found a copy of a Crawford County 
 license, with original capitals, language and punctuation: 
 
 "Leavenworth Indiana Nov 10th 1858. 
 "This certifies that Wesley Kendall was this day by me examined in the fol- 
 lowing branches Orthography Reading Writing Arithmetic Geography and English 
 Grammar and find him qualified to teach the Same he is therefore licensed a com- 
 mon School teacher two years. Thomas J. Dobyns, Examiner" 
 
 There are in Dubois County at the present time one hundred thirty- 
 three public schools that are taught and furnished at an annual cost of over 
 $40,000, besides many private schools, an academy and a good college. 
 
32 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOrVEXIR 
 
 There were in 1S96, seven thousand two hundred seventy-nine children of 
 school age. More than $300,000 is invested for educational advancement in 
 the different educational institutions of the county. Education took a new 
 lease of life in this county in 1S73, under the new laws and it has never for 
 
 ^^ ,. iP?i-r-r 
 
 — ^ 
 
 — — -i 
 
 
 
 - - -*m 
 
 ^- **,,#, # t t i ^a"^* ^ 
 
 1 ij^ 
 Ijt ^^ jH 
 
 JACOB'S SCHOOL No. 5. 
 
 Jacob's School No. 5, Hall Towuship, iu ISiKi— a District School iu Eastern Dubois. 
 
 a moment looked backward, nor stood still. Three large medals were awarded 
 to the different educational institutions in Dubois County for exhibits at the 
 World's Fair, at Chicago. Jasper College, Ferdinand Acadeiny, and the 
 district schools of Dubois County were recognized in this substantial manner. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 MILITARY HISTORY. 
 
 The military history of Dubois County is as long as the history of the 
 county, and, without a blemish. The county bears the name of an old In- 
 dian fighter. The first settler was a ranger, and a faithful guide to General 
 Harrison. General Harrison's army camped in Dubois County when he 
 was on his way to fight the Indians, at the battle of Tippecanoe, on Novem- 
 ber 7, i8n. Indiana was admitted as a state December ii, i8i6. 
 
 The first constitution of the state of Indiana was ordained and estab- 
 lished at Corydon, Indiana, on Monday, June lO, i8i6. It remained the 
 constitution until November i, 1851. Under this first constitution it was 
 provided that all free, white, able-bodied male persons, resident in the state 
 of Indiana, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, with few exceptions, 
 shall constitute the state militia. On certain davs during the year men 
 were required to muster, (now called drill.) They elected their own officers; 
 captains and subalterns were elected by their respective companies ; majors 
 were elected by those persons within their respective battalion districts sub- 
 ject to perform militia duty ; colonels were elected by those persons within 
 the bounds of their respective regimental district subject to perform militia 
 duty; brigadier-generals were elected by the commissioned officers within the 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 33 
 
 bounds of their respective brigade; and, major-generals were elected by the 
 commissioned officers within the bounds of their respective divisions. 
 
 The organizations were squads, companies, battalions, regiments, etc. 
 Dubois County had her share of pioneer soldiers, The annual muster was 
 held on the first Saturday in May. This was called brigade or battalion mus- 
 ter, and was held a mile southwest of the court house, between the Hunting- 
 burg road and the railroad. Here met all able-bodied men and drilled, and 
 went through all the evolutions of soldiers. The four days following such 
 an annual muster, or county muster, were given up to sports, such as shoot- 
 ing-matches, foot-races, wrestling, jumping, and frequently a few genuine 
 fist-fights. 
 
 These embryo soldiers camped in the woods near by, killed game for 
 meat and brought their "corn-dodgers" with them, or they would go to the 
 
 LIEUT. W. W. KENDALL, 
 
 Co. A. 49th Ind., Vet, Vol., as a military con- 
 ductor on the L., F. & L. railroad. Congress 
 presented to him a medal of honor in 1894, for 
 bravery at Black River Bridge, Miss., May 17, 
 1863. He is now custodian of the Dubois County 
 Soldiers' Monument. 
 
 COL. B. B. EDMONSTON, 
 
 Born in Buncom County. N. C, Nov 6, 1802; 
 clerk of Dubois County for twenty-eight years; 
 served also as Auditor, Recorder. Sheriff, Repre- 
 sentative, and in many other positions of trust 
 and honor. He was a Brig. General under the 
 muster laws of the constitution of 1816; died 
 blind, at Jasper, Ind., July 23, 1888. 
 
 "Enlow Mill," (which stood where Eckerts' Mill now stands) and get corn- 
 meal and bake their own "hoe-cakes." They enjoyed these cakes and wild 
 meats. 
 
 The company musters were semi-annual, and lasted for one day each. 
 There were many "company-muster-grounds" throughout the county. At 
 the crossing of the Jasper and Schnellville road with the St. Anthony and 
 Celestine road, at Portersville, at Colonel Haddock's farm, near the corner 
 of Bainbridge, Boone, and Harbison townships, and many other places com- 
 pany musters (or drills) were held. Squad musters were local and convened 
 at the call of their captains in that vicinity. 
 
 Captains and lieutenants drilled squads of twenty-five, or more ; majors 
 
 3 
 
34 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUV^ENIR 
 
 drilled companies of one hundred men, or more; lieutenant-colonels drilled 
 battalions of two hundred, or more ; colonels drilled regiments of one thou- 
 sand, or more; and, generals, brigades of two thousand, or more. 
 
 When these muster days, or drill days occurred, and the native was the 
 possessor of a rifle, he was required to bring it to the muster-ground. If he 
 had no gun he practiced the drill with a stick the size of a rifle. The guns 
 used in those days were of the style known as "long-barrel, full-stock, single- 
 trigger, flint-lock or scrape-fire." 
 
 The manual of arms is too lengthy to describe, and the evolutions of 
 the soldier can be imagined better than told. Under this old military system, 
 
 ,^|^Hv 
 
 
 
 L -^ite 
 
 
 ^Bk 
 
 WSmi^M 
 
 
 
 V JH^^H^^HMik. 
 
 
 
 CAPT. PHILIP P. GUCKES, 
 
 Of Co. E. 14:Uiid. Vols., also first lieuteuant of 
 Co. K. 6.5th, lud. Vol. luf. Died at Jasper April 
 1-1, 1871. Guckes-Welman Post No 44S, G. A. R., 
 Jasper, named in honor of him and Capt. R. M. 
 Welman. 
 
 CAPT. R. M. WELMAN, 
 
 Co. K. 27th lud.. Vols Brevett-d Major at close 
 of Civil War. Died at Jasper, Fehruarv 14, 1884. 
 Guckes-Welman Post No. 448, G. A. R.," bears his 
 name. 
 
 among many others, the following citizens rose to at least local distinction: 
 Brig.-Gen. B. B. Edmonston, Col. Thos. Shoulders, Lieut. -Col. Elijah Ken- 
 dall, Major John Sherritt, Capt. Elisha Jacobs, Capt. Cox, and many others. 
 Strange as this may seem in the light of military regulations of the present 
 day, these musters created the spirit of patriotism that made itself felt in the 
 Mexican and Civil Wars. These musters were before 1853. 
 
 The Rev. Joseph Kundeck, of Jasper, also had a company of one hundred 
 men. These he frequently commanded personally. They drilled on the 
 public square, or in the church lot at St. Joseph's Church. These men were 
 uniformed and supplied with arms. William Burkhart was captain, and Mich- 
 ael Reis was lieutenant. This was early in the fifties, before the Civil War. 
 
 With the Mexican War came actual services. Co. E. 4th Reg. Ind. 
 Vol. was partly raised in Dubois County in 1847. Several were killed 
 in the battles with Mexico. Military spirits slept then until 1861. On April 
 30, 1S61, one week after the firing on Fort Sumpter, citizens of Jasper 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 35 
 
 began to organize. The first volunteers from Dubois County for the 
 Civil War were mustered June 7, 1861, for three years. They were from 
 Haysville and vicinity. A company was organized at Jasper, and went into 
 camp south of the Jasper College, at what is known in military history as 
 Camp Edmonston. On August 15, 1861, it elected John Mehringer, captain ; 
 R. M. Welman, first lieutenant, and Stephen Jerger, second Lieutenant. Be- 
 
 CAPT. iWORMAN FISHER, 
 
 Co. M. 10th Ind.. Cav. He organized Co. M. in 
 1863. and served as its captain from date of its 
 organization to the close of the Civil War. Was 
 also state representative and mayor of Hunting- 
 burg. 
 
 BRIG.-GEN. JOHN MEHRINGER. 
 
 He organized Co. K. 27th Ind. Vols, at Jasper, 
 and was its captain, July ISfU. While with his 
 company at Indianapolis he was promoted to 
 Major of the 27th, on account of his knowledge 
 of the manual of arms which he acquired while 
 a soldier in the Mexican War. After five months 
 he resigned and rettirned to Jasper and organ- 
 ized the 91st regiment of Ind. Inf. Vols, of which 
 regiment he was colonel. He, also, for a long 
 time commanded a brigade in the 2.3rd Army 
 Corps, under General Schofield. At the close of 
 the war, Colonel Mehringer, became a brevet 
 brigadier-general. Previous to the Civil War 
 he served Dubois County as sheriff and also as 
 auditor, which latter position he resigned to 
 become colonel of the 91st regiment. He is now 
 a citizen of Louisville, Kentucky. 
 
 fore the war was over these men had 
 won their promotions on the field of 
 battle. Captain Mehringer became 
 General Mehringer, Lieutenant Wel- 
 man became Major Welman, and Lieu- 
 tenant Jerger became Captain Jerger. 
 The spirit of patriotism spread 
 over the entire county. It was not long 
 until Capt. R. M. Welman, Ciipt. Stephen Jerger. Capt. Casper Blume, 
 Capt. Morman Fisher, Capt. John M. Lemmon, Capt. P. P. Guckes, 
 Capt. J. J. Alles, Capt. J. C. McConahay, Captain Haberle, Capt. D. J. 
 Banta, Capt. Geo. W. Hill, Capt. A. J. Beckett, Capt. J. W. Hammond, 
 Capt. L. B. Shively, Lieut. W. W. Kendall, Lieut. Leander Jerger, Lieut. 
 Arthur Berry, Lieut. Wm. A. Kemp, Lieut. Hiram McDonald, Lieut. Jer- 
 emiah Crook, Lieut. W. R. McMahan, Lieut. Arthur Mouser, Lieut. Marion 
 Martin, Lieut. Ed. Buchart, Lieut. Harter, Lieut. Geo. Friedman, Lieut. 
 J. F. B. Widmer, and 2,000 other young men were in their country's 
 army. The Civil War cost Dubois county more than $So,ooo in cash dur- 
 ing the war and the lives of many of her young men. At that time our pop- 
 
36 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 FLAG OF COMPANY K., 27tli INDIANA VOLUNTEERS. 
 
 This flag was madf and presented to Co. K. l)y tlie ladies of Jasper, in I8(ii. It was used part of 
 the time by the 27th reginieut. The flag was carried upou the hloodv. Imttle-field of Aiitietani. and 
 several Dubois County soldiers viewed it there for the last lime, as their lil"e-l)lood Howeii from their 
 wounds. It was so toru and bullet-ridden at this battle, September 17, 18()2, that it was returned home 
 by Captain Welitian. and a new one purchiisod. It is now preserved in the archive of the Soldiers' 
 Monument at .fasper. The guard about the flag in the engraving are a few of the survivors of Co. K., 
 now living at Jasper. The members shown in the picture are Conrad Eckert. Josejih Schroeder. Mathias 
 Schmidt, George Mehringer, Joseph Koelle, and Anton Berger. from left to right in the order named. 
 
 ulation was io,ooo men, women anil 
 children. It was to commemorate the 
 patriotism of these men that the hand- 
 some soldiers' monument was erected 
 in the public square at Jasper, upon 
 the spot where the young ladies of 
 Jasper had presented to the soldiers of 
 iS6i a fine flag to follow on the 
 southern field of battle. The arrange- 
 ments for building the monument were 
 made on the evening of January ii, 
 1893, at the court-house, at Jasper, 
 where the following organization was 
 effected at a public meeting: Perma- 
 nent organization: Chairman, John 
 S. Barnett ; Secretary, John Gramels- 
 pacher ; Assistant Secretary, George 
 R. Wilson ; Ti'easurer, George Meh- 
 ringer; Executive Committee, John 
 S. Barnett, John P. Salb, W. S. 
 Hunter, Com ad Eckert, and William A. Traylor. 
 
 Articles of voluntary association were filed with the secretary of state, 
 February 17, 1893. The work began September 19, 1S93. The monu- 
 ment cost $5,000. Prof. Michael F. Durlauf, was the architect and builder. 
 
 CAPT. JOHN J. ALLES, 
 
 Co. I, 49th Ind. Vols. Elected captain Nov. -1, isni, 
 at Jasper, Ind., and served during the war. Mus- 
 tered into service Nov. 21, 18(il. Capt. Alles .served 
 many years as trustee of Hall townshij) and as 
 county commissioner of Dubois Countv. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 37 
 
 The monument had its origin through a visit paid to the battlefield of Gettys- 
 burg, September, 1S92, by some members of the organization. 
 
 The monument was unveiled and dedicated on Wednesday, October 17, 
 1894. Addresses were made by Hon. Claude Matthews, governor of In- 
 
 THE DUBOIS;COUNTY SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' MONUMENT. 
 
 The engraving is the work of Dr. Mat Kempt", a native of Ferdinand, Dubois County, Indiana, now 
 an artist on the New Vork World. 
 
 diana ; Col. I. N. Walker, Commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Re- 
 public ; Hon. A. M. Sweeney, clerk of the supreme court; Gen. John Meh- 
 ringer, ex-auditor of Dubois County, and others. It was a day long to be re- 
 membered, for its music, parades, soldiers and addresses. 
 
;]<s 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 THE DUBOIS COUNTY SOLDIERS' MONUHENT. 
 
 When the tocsin of war soundorl the alarm, 
 Over tlie hill-top, valley, villaRe and farm; 
 From the green hills of Dnl)ois County they came 
 To march, to fight, to defend their country's 
 
 name. 
 Quietly tliey quartered at Camp Edmon.ston 
 And (hilled from morn until set of sun. 
 On Reider's Ifill they liid farewell to mother, 
 Si.ster, sweetheart, father and younger brother. 
 Right-about-face! Forward! Our two thousand 
 
 strong 
 Went to fight for this nation; to right a wrong. 
 Did they do their duty'.' Ask the generals 
 Who guided the armies of the Federals; 
 Round the banners of our country and our might 
 They taught the South ell the beauties of the 
 
 right. 
 All were true boys-in-blue, full of pride and 
 
 hope, 
 For they fought under McClellan, Grant and 
 
 Pope; 
 Also with Burnsides, Hooker, Rosecrans and 
 
 Meade, 
 Sherman, 2<Iorgan, Thomas, nearly all indeed. 
 If this generation thinks they went for fun? 
 Ask the boys who fought at the second Bull Run; 
 At Cold Harbor, Antietam. and Malvern Hill, 
 Resacca, Seven Pines and Chaneellorsville. 
 They fought at Black River and Chattanooga, 
 Also, at Lookout Mountain and Chickanniuga, 
 And, at this distant day it makes one shiver, 
 To read of fights at ShilOh and Stone River, 
 At New Hope Church, Mission Ridge and Cham- 
 pion Hill. 
 At<'edar Mountain, Franklin Pike and Nash- 
 ville, 
 Viek^sburg, Fredericksburg and Fort Donaldson 
 They did their duty with cannon, sword and 
 
 gun. 
 Thev went out as bovs. We read of them as men 
 
 Prom Gettysburg down to 'Island Number Ten;' 
 Kenesaw Mountain or wherever it may be, 
 Yes. in the march "from Athinta to the Sea." 
 Down from the mountains of the Alleghany 
 They drove Lee to stand at Spottsylvania, 
 Then bade farewell to Old Virginia's rocks. 
 After his surrender at .Vppomattox. 
 If you lived here long, no d<)u))t you have heard 
 Of the twenty-seventh and twenty-third, 
 And all the otlu-rs as on the list they run, 
 From one hundred forty-three to number one. 
 You heard of "Company B" and all of them 
 From "Comj)any A'' down tf) "Company M" 
 Of the calvary three, nine, ten, thirteen! 
 And all the men that <lrank from the same can- 
 teen, 
 There were privates. oflBeers; all volunteers; 
 They went as footmen, marines, cavaliers: 
 And while they over the fighting .South did 
 
 roam. 
 Their wives, sistersand mothers stayed at home. 
 Stayed at home'? Yes, indee<l! but not in vain; 
 They worked as best they could with might and 
 
 main, 
 And every letter was re-read in tears, 
 For fear it re-told sad news of fighting dears. 
 There were women who worked with weeping 
 
 eye. 
 For "their thoughts went south as each day 
 
 passed by. 
 To distant husbands, fathers brothers, and sons 
 Marching through the South, with knap.sacks, 
 
 swords and guns. 
 Yes. I stand for all the soil, on which I rest. 
 For mv countrv's women who worked their 
 
 best 
 For heaven above, and for my own boys so true. 
 Who fought for their old flag— The fed, white 
 
 and blue. 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 TRANSPORTATION, PRODUCTS, MANUFACTURED GOODS, POPULATION AND 
 
 WEALTH. 
 
 In the early days of the settlement of almost any territory, the means of 
 transportation was water, either ocean, bay, lake or river. Nearly all the 
 older, larger cities in the United States have water communication, not now 
 exclusively used, but such communication had much to do with their settle- 
 ment and prosperity. 
 
 So with the settlement of Dubois County. Portersville and Jasper, each 
 in its turn, becaiije the county seat, because a river was at hand. White and 
 Patoka Rivers served for many years as a means of transporting products of 
 the county to Memphis, New Orleans, and other cities in the lower country. 
 Flat boats — long, narrow, low crafts— propelled by hand-power, and the 
 natural flow of the over-flowed rivers carried staves, hoop-poles, bacon, 
 beans, corn, flour, dried fruits and various other products. They usually 
 left Jasper or Portersville during the high waters incident to the spring 
 rains. They were a means of giving strong young men an opportunity of 
 seeing something of the world. 
 
 In 1819, Col. Simon Morgan and Jacob Harbison took a flat-boat load 
 of pork from Portersville to New Orleans, and returned on foot, a distance 
 of more than seven hundred miles. In those days there were but few 
 steamboats on the Mississippi River. 
 
 After i860, small steamboats occasionally carried products from Porters- 
 ville. These two styles of boats carried products out of the county. The 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 39 
 
 manufactured articles and groceries were carried by wagon to the county 
 from Troy and Loogootee ; or, Louisville, by way of the pike at Paoli. 
 
 A railroad was finally built from Rockport to Jasper, and the first loco- 
 motive and train came to the county seat on February 14. 1879. It was a 
 great day for Jasper, schools dismissed and the children headed by their 
 teachers and a brass band, went down to the track to see the train arrive and 
 wonder at its dignity. The band played "Hail Columbia! Happy Land" 
 until one of the pupils fell into the big drum. All voted the locomotive the 
 biggest and best valentine ever received at Jasper. Toward the construction 
 of this road Bainbridge township, and her citizens gave $37,800. They had 
 been agitating the question of railroad communication since the close of the 
 Civil War. 
 
 A few years later the main line of the Louisville, Evansville & St. 
 Louis Railroad was built through the county, thus giving a better means of 
 transportation. 
 
 The county was originally covered with a dense forest of walnut, oak, 
 poplar, beech, ash, gum, hickory, and many other hard wood trees. Its 
 timber was excellent, and more than $3,000,000 worth was disposed of. 
 The forests gradually fell under the swing of the woodman's axe. Thou- 
 sands of trees were cut down and destroyed by fire to clear the land for culti- 
 vation. Many were cut into saw-logs and floated down the rivers to the tim- 
 ber markets of the south. After the construction of the railroads, train-loads 
 
 after train-loads of staves, cross-ties, and 
 lumber were shipped east; much of it to 
 Europe. 
 
 That part of Dubois county lying west 
 of a straight Ime drawn from Haysville, on 
 White river, and passing the Ackerman, 
 Hopkins and Alexander school-houses, 
 down to Patoka river, is the garden 
 spot of the county. Here lie its valua- 
 ble farm lands. The middle portion 
 of the country contains its factories, and 
 the eastern part its timber interest. 
 
 On the north, Wh'te river passes 
 along the county, over a meri'dional dis- 
 tance of about twelve miles. Patoka 
 river flows through the county from east to west. It is a very sluggish stream, 
 and when its banks are half full its fall is less than one foot in a mile. It 
 flows for nearly one hundred miles through Dubois County. 
 
 The county has many coal beds. All that are worked are operated by 
 slopes, except at Huntingburg where a shaft has been dug. Some of the 
 coal is excellent. 
 
 At St. Anthony is one of the largest and best brown stone quarries in 
 the state. A layer of this stone begins near the Tretter school house in 
 Ferdinand township and extends north to near Dubois. 
 
 In the various factories of the county are manufactured organs, sucker- 
 rods, handsome colored pressed brick, shmgles, veneers, secretaries or desks, 
 engines, boilers, bicycles, spokes, headings, staves, hoops, furniture, and 
 many other things that are shipped to many parts of the world. 
 
 The Dubois County telephone puts the different towns of the county in 
 dnect vocal communication. It was erected in 1896. 
 
 The population of Dubois County is now about 25,000. Its wealth is 
 estimated at $10,000,000.00. 
 
 A Boone Township Home. Residence of 
 Ex-Sheriff Albert H. Traylor, four miles 
 west of where his great grandfather built the 
 first log cabin in Dubois County. 
 
40 
 
 HISTORY AND ART ftOUVENTR 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 TOWNSHIPS AND TOWNS. 
 
 Toivnships. About 1841, Dubois County was divided into five town- 
 ships. They were called Harbison, Bainbridge, Columbia, Hall and Patoka. 
 In 1S44, Ferdinand township was created out of parts of Hall and Patoka. 
 
 ECKERTS' MILL, JASPER, IND. 
 
 This mill stands where Eiilow's Mill stood when Jasiier heeaiiie the eoniily seat. At the mill end of 
 the bridge stood an old house in which the liaptists held their first church services at Jasper. Not fur 
 down the river from the other end of the bridge stood the cabin in which the tirst Catholic services at 
 Jasper were held. The bridge shown in the picture is the first iron one erected in the connly. On the 
 river below tlie mill f^at-boats were loaded with flour, bacon, beans, hoop-poles, etc., and floated down 
 to Memphis or New Orleans as late as 1870. The water in the picture is 123 feet below Lake Erie, and -150 
 feet above sea level. 
 
 These six, with but 
 minor changes, consti- 
 tuted the sub-divisions 
 of the county, until 1874, 
 when the county board 
 of the commissioners 
 re-organized the county 
 into twelve townships 
 as follows: Columbia, 
 Harbison, Boone, Mad- 
 ison, Bainl>ridge, Ma- 
 rion, Hall, Jefferson, 
 Jackson, Patoka, Cass, 
 and Ferdinand. These 
 are bounded as shown 
 on the county map 
 found elsewhere in thi- 
 little volume. 
 
 Jasper. The location 
 of Jasper was selected 
 for the express purpose 
 of a county seat. Enlow 
 donated a part of the , ... ,„„,•,,,. . ,^.o -nn 
 
 * Jasper Artesian Well, drilled at a cost of S2,o00. 
 
 ground in the very year dieiual purposes, original depth 1,009 feet. 
 
 Water used for uie- 
 
D A Y I E S S 
 
 U 
 
 -B- 
 
 jf I 
 
 Creek/ 
 
 ns Sun \ 
 
 cKisir 
 
 II 1-i 
 
 4 Adams 
 
 26 
 5Hil 
 
 KTITD- 
 
 2 LoUfhen;u 
 
 Jlahan 
 3 
 
 aN 
 
 Irelan 
 
 6 Payns 
 
 H 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 Antioel 
 U i:{ 
 
 rSIillersiMirt 
 ^ .U 
 
 "iDu 
 
 4 2;-i 
 
 ;<> 
 
 % 
 
 llartkeB 
 :» 35 
 
 ^ 
 
 "^ 
 
 H until 
 
 6 Cam 
 
 p Grour 
 
 yOverbeck 
 
 11 
 
 )T^riojT_ 
 
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 2(j 
 
 SO 
 
 Cem 
 
 5Krney 
 
 Johnsbur 
 
 Cooper 
 
 Bniii 
 
 s 
 
DAVIESS c c:» 
 
 4. w. MA R Tjl N C O . R.3.W. 
 
 HiJihiuiTl 
 
; 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 41 
 
42 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 p o a> 
 
 a /= 
 
 
 y. ^ o 
 
 n H 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 43 
 
 he entered it. It was surveyed and platted by County Surveyor Hosea 
 Smith, of Pike County, in September, 1830. This was the same surveyor 
 that laid out the first county seat — Portersville, in 181S. 
 
 People who owned lots in Portersville exchanged for Jasper lots. The 
 
 PROF. MATTHEW KEHPF, M. D. 
 
 Member of the Indiana State Legislature for Dubois County in IS^g. Died at Louisville, Ky., in 1880. 
 while professor of surgery in the Kentucky School of Medicine. The above engraviug was executed 
 by his son, Dr. Matthew Kempf. 
 
 law permitted this. In 1818, a grist mill is said to have been built, where 
 the present one now stands, at the steel bridge across Patoka River. Many 
 additions have been added to Jasper, and the original 103 acres form but a 
 
44 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 small portion of the town. The town was incorporated in March, iS66. In 
 1872 and 1S91 the public school building now used was erected. In 1S93, a 
 high school department was established. Jasper is on the Patoka River, (a 
 slow, sluggish stream) but its death rate stands among the very lowest in'the 
 state of Indiana, The town has many manufacturing establishments, many 
 
 fine residences, one of the largest stone churches in the state, water works, 
 electric lights, college, academy, etc. Jasper was re-surveyed, and a grade 
 plan was established in 1S75, by August Pfafflin, civil engineer. 
 
 In 1830, while Jasper was being surveyed it was called Eleanor, in honor 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 45 
 
 JACOB QEIGER, 
 
 Bom August 14, 1779, in Washingtou County, 
 Maryland. Founded the city of Hunting- 
 burg in the year 1837, where he died, January 
 2, 1857. Hisremains are at re.st in Fairmount 
 Cemetery, southwest of Huutiugburg. 
 
 of the wife of Joseph Enlow. Mrs. Enlow objected to the name, and requested 
 that the new town be called Jasper — the name of a precious stone, noticed by 
 her while reading in her Bible. Her wishes were complied with, and all the 
 records, maps and documents of the town bear the name of Jasper. 
 
 Huntingburg. Huntingburg is the only city in the county. The land upon 
 which it is situated was entered by Jacob Geiger, on Saturday, November ii, 
 
 1837. Previously he had entered the re- 
 maining part of sec. 34, township 2 south, 
 range 5 west. He then lived in Louis- 
 ville, Ky. He came to Dubois County 
 about 1840. He gave lots for schools, 
 churches and for the cemetery at the 
 southeast end of the city. Huntingburg 
 like all other towns or cities, has a large 
 number of additions. As a town it was 
 incorporated in March, 1S66. It is at the 
 junction of a branch with the main line 
 of the Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis 
 Railroad. It has many churches, some 
 handsome, and a full quota of fine resi- 
 dences, water-works, improved streets, 
 etc. The Dubois County fair grounds 
 lie southeast of the city. The fair was 
 established in 1SS7. 
 
 Huntingburg was laid out and platted in 
 1837. It is said to be so named because 
 Mr. Geiger was fond of hunting there. A re-survey of the town was 
 made November 26, 1S54, by Jacob Marendt, county surveyor; in August 
 1866, by Surveyor Sandusky Williams, 
 and in 1874, by August Pfafflin, a civil 
 engineer. 
 
 Ferdinand. The plat of this town has 
 the following in the German language 
 neatly written upon it: 
 
 "Plan of the town of Ferdinand, in 
 the North American free state of Indiana, 
 Dubois County, established January 8, 
 1840, 'in honor of His Majesty, Ferdi- 
 nand I, Emperor of Austria, and ded- 
 icated to His Highness, by Joseph Kun- 
 deck. Missionary General, Vicar of Vin- 
 cennes, Indiana." 
 
 This missionary general is a man well 
 identified with the early history of Du- 
 bois County. Perhaps no man has ever 
 lived in Dubois County whose influence 
 and life-work have gone farther than his 
 for the welfare of this county. He was 
 the pastor of the Catholic churches at 
 Troy and at Jasper, in the "forties." 
 In those days all shipping to and from 
 Jasper, was by way of Troy, on the 
 Ohio River. It was a long way, and 
 Ferdinand was established as a resting 
 
 REV. EBERHARD STADLER, Pastor of St. 
 Ferdinand's congregation— the largest in the 
 county. 
 
46 
 
 rri8T()RV AM) AKT S()(tvEMR 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 47 
 
 place for man and beast. He bought the land of the United States in January 
 and December, 1S39, ^"d had it platted, and then went to Louisville, Cin- 
 cinnati, and Pittsburg, and urged settlers to come to his newly established 
 town. 
 
 Ferdinand is one of the substantial towns of Dubois County. Its build- 
 ings are of a high grade, and its citizens need no peace officers. It is the best 
 
 ST. FERDINAND'S CHURCH, FERDINAND, IND. 
 
 tobacco market in the county. Its church has the finest interior in the 
 county ''St. Joseph's Home for the Poor" shows its charity. Ferdinand 
 has a foundry and machine-shops that give employment to many men 
 
 The Convent of the Immaculate Conception at Ferdinand, was founded 
 in 1867 At first, the Sisters of the Order of St. Benedict, lived in a house 
 not far from the church of St. Ferdinand. In the year 186S, Rev. Chrvsos- 
 
48 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 torn Foffa, O. S. B., laid the coiner stone to a larger adjoining building, 
 which was completed two years later. However, after several years, the 
 community increasing so rapidly, the erection of a new building was contem- 
 plated. Accordingly, the work was begun in 1883. In 18S7 the main build- 
 
 ing was completed at a cost of $80,000. The work was directed by the Rev, 
 Eberhard Stadler, O. S. B., who, with a never-wearying solicitude has 
 a special interest in the spiritual as well as temporal welfare of the com- 
 munity. The building rests on a gentle eminence, over-looking the 
 town of Ferdinand, and is built in the form of a rectangle, 186 by 160 feet. 
 The grounds inside are divided by the chapel, which is located in the center. 
 The community, at present, consists of ninety-one Sisters. The majority of 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 49 
 
 these at this time, labor at nineteen mission-places in the diocese of Vin- 
 cennes, conducting in all, fifteen public and twenty-nine parochial schools, 
 besides an academy, which is in connection with the convent. On account of 
 its retirement and salubrity, the site is well adapted for an institution of learn- 
 
 FERDINAND CONVENT AND CAHPUS. Cost $80,000. 
 
 Recess at tbe Academy for Young Ladies, Ferdinand. 
 
 ing. The course of instruction in the academy includes every useful and 
 ornamental branch of female education, while the most untiring attention is 
 paid to the moral and polite deportment of the pupils. Another acad- 
 emy, under the direction of these Sisters will soon be opened at West In- 
 dianapolis. 
 4 
 
oO 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Holland. Henry Kunz was the founder of Holland. The plat bears date of 
 May 20, 1S39, and is signed "Henry Kunz, Proprietor." Mr. Kunz was 
 
 the leading merchant of 
 the town he established, 
 for thirty years. He set- 
 tled at this place when 
 it was a primeval forest, 
 and was for years its fore- 
 
 Birdseye View of Convent, Ferdinand. 
 
 HON. BENJ. R. KEMP, 
 
 Korii in Diiliois County Oot. :U, 1830, (iied Dec. 11, 
 18(54. Taught school in Dubois County fourteen 
 years, served the county six years as county sur- 
 veyor, and represented the county in the General 
 As.sembly of 18G3. He was a good surveyor and 
 matliematician. 
 
 most citizen. It is now a good town, 
 located in a rich township, has 
 many well kept homes, churches^ 
 and good schools. Holland is in Cass 
 township. This township has many 
 substantial farmers, whose houses and 
 immense barns are characteristics. The 
 town of Holland was surveyed and 
 platted by Benj. R. Kemp, county sur- 
 veyor, on May 5 and 6, 1S59. 
 
 Ireland. This town is situated four 
 miles northwest of Jasper. It was first 
 called American City, and its settlers 
 were proud of its name and location. 
 The name American City was borne by 
 another village and to prevent loss of 
 mail, the name was changed to Ireland, 
 in honor of the nativity of John Stewart, who bought the land of 
 the United States, on December 33, 1816, a short time after 
 Indiana became a state. John Stewart died in the fall of 1S43. 
 His son James, and four others laid out the town. The map bears date of 
 May 20, 1S65, but the place was a small sized village many years be- 
 fore that. Ireland has parochial, common, and high schools, three 
 churches, and many lodges. The Masons, Odd Fellows, and Red Men 
 
 HENRY KUNZ, 
 
 The founder of Holland, born in Rhinish, 
 Bavaria, Germany, Oct. 12, 1824. Died at 
 Holland, January 22, 1885. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 51 
 
52 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 own more improved real estate at Ireland than at any other place in the 
 county. 
 
 Birdseye. The map of this town bears date of 
 Jan. 24, iSSo, but it was a trading point for 
 
 JAMES G. STEWART. 
 
 One of the founders of Ireland. Born Get. 4, 
 1814. Died Nov. 12, 1874. His fatlier, .lohn 
 Stewart, entered the land upon whieh Ire- 
 land stands. 
 
 IRELAND M. E. CHURCH. 
 
 Scenes in Birdseye. Koeroer & Zimmers' Store. Erected, 1893. 
 
OP DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 53 
 
 many years before. Its present growth 
 is due to the construction of the Air 
 Line railroad. It is in the timber 
 belt of Dubois County, and is a good 
 shipping point for cross-ties, hoop-poles, 
 staves and lumber. Birdseye was the 
 name of the postoffice which was estab- 
 lished in 1846. The town was in- 
 corporated on Dec. 3, 1883. Its corporate 
 limits cover four hundred acres. About 
 nine o'clock on Sunday night, August 
 20, 1893, the town was almost totally 
 destroyed by fire. Previous to this fire the 
 town saw much fighting and litigation. It 
 now has some of the best equipped store- 
 rooms and offices, and some of the finest 
 residences in the county. The town has 
 two churches and three schools. Topo- 
 graphically, the town stands the highest in 
 the county. 
 
 Schnellville. This town is situated on 
 land sold for school purposes by the state 
 on March 11, 1846. In 1864, Henry 
 Schnell began a store there, and on No- 
 vember 27, 1865, he laid out and platted 
 the town of Schnellville. He now ( 1896) 
 lives in the town he established, and saw 
 
 Commissioner Henry Schnell. 
 
 Boru in Germany, October 22, 1821. Served 
 in Co. I, 49th Ind. Vols., for four years. Took 
 part in the siege of Vicksburg, and the battle 
 of Port Gibson. Champion Hill and others. 
 Laid out the towu of Schnellville in 1865, and 
 served thirteen years as county commissioner 
 and trustee. 
 
 Residence of Mr. Jos. E. Buctiart, Merchant, Schnellville, Ind. 
 
IITftTORV AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 grow from one or two houses to a nice little village. It has a flourmill, 
 sawmill, tobacco warehouse, furniture shops, church, schools, and other 
 evidences of prosperity. 
 
 Bretzville. The map of this town bears date February 8, 1866, but it 
 was settled about 1850, by William Bretz, father of the man who laid out 
 the town. The map shows its original name to have been the "Town of New 
 Town," but its similarity to Newton caused the goverment to request a r^ew 
 name when a postoffice was wanted, hence it now bears the name of 
 
OP DUBOIS COTJNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 55 
 
 its founder. The name was changed on record in June, 1S73. It is a 
 hamlet on the Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis Railroad. It has a church 
 
 and school. Sandusky 
 Williams was the sur- 
 veyor. 
 
 Haysville. On April 
 30, and oil October i, 
 1816, and again on No- 
 vember 28, 1817, Joseph 
 Kelso entered land 
 where Haysville now 
 stands. The original 
 plat of Haysville is not 
 known to be in ex- 
 istence. It is said to 
 have been laid out in 
 1835 by Moses Kelso, 
 and named after Willis 
 Hays, its first mer- 
 chant. On January 3, 1S93, Henry Berger, then 'the surveyor of Dubois 
 County, made a plat of the town from a survey he had previously made. 
 The town is prosperous, and is surrounded by many fertile farms. It lies in 
 section 35, township i north, range 5 west, andone-half mile south of the east 
 
 Liithera Church and Parsonage at Bretzville. 
 
 HAYSVILLE CHURCH. 
 
 fork of White River. Toussaint Dubois Springs lie two miles southwest of 
 this place. Buck Shoals silver mines lie on the banks of White River, a 
 short distance above the town. The discovery of a trace of silver there about 
 ten years ago caused much excitement and speculation. A new addition 
 was then laid out to the town. 
 
 The German Evangelical Lutheran St. Paul's Church at Haysville, was 
 
56 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Started more than fifty years ago ; its constitution was framed by Rev. John 
 Herrmann, and adopted on October 15, 1848. From 1853 to 1882, Rev. 
 Christian Nix served the church. He was succeeded by Rev. Adolphus Baur, 
 who served two years, Rev. John Lautenschlager succeeding. In 1890, Rev. 
 Henry Grabau was called, succeeded on July 6, 1893, by the present pastor. 
 Rev. Julius J. Keerl, who had been minister of the German Lutheran Eman- 
 uel's Church near Kellerville, this county, from 1889 to 1893. The corner 
 stone of the present church was laid December 15, 1867, and the edifice dedi- 
 cated September 13, 1868. In 1894, a new constitution was adopted, the 
 church house enlarged and its interior remodeled ; a large pipe organ was 
 dedicated December 33, 1894. The congregation is in a flourishing condi- 
 tion, numbers 190 voting members, has a property valued at about $6,000, 
 and a parochial school with an average attendance of fifty children. The 
 present pastor, Rev. Julius J. Keerl, Ph.D., was born, 1855, in Bavaria, 
 
 Haysville Church. Interior View. 
 
 Germany, and came to America in 188S, after having studied theology and 
 philology at the universities of Erlangen, Tubingen, and Munich. He then 
 taught as private instructor in Germany, and made extensive voyages in Aus- 
 tria, Italy, Greece, Turkey, and for over two years was teacher in Egypt, 
 Africa. From there he traveled through the Holy Land, Syria, and Asia 
 Minor. After his arrival in the United States he served a German congrega- 
 tion in the state of New York, and came to Indiana in October, 1889. 
 
 Hillham. On November 18, 1836, George Wineinger purchased one 
 hundred twenty acres, where Hillham now stands, of the United States. 
 John A. Wineinger began a store there in 1850. A post office was established 
 in i860. The town is situated in the northeast corner of Dubois County, 
 being but one-half mile from Martin County, and the same distance from 
 Orange County. Hillham has not been established as a town ; no survey 
 and plat have been made. It has a church and several stores and mills. 
 
 Crystal. This is a hamlet, situated on the line of sections 21 and 28, 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 57 
 
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58 
 
 HISTORY ANT) AKT SOUVENIR 
 
OF DUP.OTS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 59 
 
 township I north, range 3 west, in Columbia township. It has a school, 
 store, church, and post office, and from present indications is destined to 
 grow, and remained established. The post office of Crystal was established 
 October 9, 1SS9. 
 
 Portersville. On September 19, 1814, Jacob Lemmon's money paid for 
 the land on which Portersville now stands, and he received from the govern- 
 ment a large parchment bearing the name of James Madison, President of 
 the United States. It called for 445 acres. A part of this land was selected 
 for the first county seat of Dubois County (1S18.) Surveyor Smith of Pike 
 County laid out the town, but the map he made has been lost. In October, 
 1879, Henry Berger, county surveyor, re-surveyed, re-platted, and 
 
 re-established the corners 
 of the town. In its early 
 davs Portersville was a 
 properous little village, 
 court was held there, 
 and soldiers frequently 
 mustered there. From 
 the foot of one of its 
 streets barges, flatboats, 
 and small steamboats 
 carried away the products 
 of the surrounding farms. 
 Kellerville. Kellerville 
 is a hamlet that lies 
 at the southwest cor- 
 ner of section 36, town- 
 ship I north, range 4 
 „ west. It has no map. 
 
 Emanuel's Lutheran Church, Kellerville, 1878. t ■ 1 1 1 
 
 It IS located near the 
 "Governor's Trace," and about half way between Haysville and Crystal. 
 One mile east of the Kellerville post office stands a fine Lutheran church 
 and parsonage. In the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of sec- 
 tion 2, south of Kel- 
 lerville stands the Eman- 
 uel Lutheran church. It 
 was organized under 
 Rev. C. Risch, in 1853. 
 The present church was 
 erected in 1863, under 
 Rev. C. Trauth. The 
 tower was added in 1S78, 
 under Rev. A. Sterger. 
 The congregation con- 
 sists of about two hun- 
 dred communicant mem- 
 bers. Rev. H. Heese- 
 mann is the present min- 
 ister. A picture of the 
 church is shown above. 
 
 Dubois. This town is 
 frequently called Knox- 
 ville. Its legal name and post office is Dubois. Shiloh Poison, in 1836, and 
 his son, Robert S. Poison, in 1S37, entered most of the land upon which 
 
 The Town of Dubois. Marion 'I'ow'nsliip on the lel'i; Harbison 
 Township ou the right. Hon. Frank Piunick and Capt. J. J. Alles 
 stand in the center'of the street in the distance. 
 
62 
 
 PIISTORV AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 the town is situated. This place has been called Knoxville for many years 
 and the name seems attached. The town lies in two townships; the line be- 
 tween Harbison and Marion townships is the center line of the principal 
 street, and if the town continues to g^row east it will not be long until part of 
 it will be in Columbia township. This is one of the youngest and most 
 prosperous towns in the county. If it secures a railroad it will be one of 
 the most important points in the county. It is on the left hand bank of 
 Patoka River. It has had a saw and gristmill for many years. It was surveyed 
 
 SlCELESTIflE OfiUflCH. JS9a 
 
 and platted as a town by George R. Wilson, county surveyor, on November 
 5 and 6, 1SS5. Dubois is a business town ; has a Methodist Episcopal church, 
 and is an educational center for the surrounding territory. 
 
 Celestine. The town of Celestine is in the southeast quarter of section 
 31, township I south, range 3 west, and it is the principal point in Hall town- 
 ship. Part of the land was bought of the United States, October 4, 1843, by 
 Rev. Joseph Kundeck, its founder. He was also its only pastor from 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 63 
 
 1844 until 1S53. A brick church was erected in 1864. In 1896, this was 
 torn down and a handsome one erected, as shown in the engraving. The 
 town was surveyed and platted by Benjamin R, Kemp, county surveyor. 
 The plat was acknowledged by Rev. Joseph Kundeck on the 16th day of 
 November, 1S43. The town is named in honor of Rt. Rev. Celestine Rene 
 Lawrence De La Hailandiere, second bishop of the Vincennes diocese. 
 
 Ellsworth. The little town of Ellsworth bears date of June i, 1885, on 
 which day it was surveyed and platted by George R. Wilson, county sur- 
 veyor, at the request of James M. Ellis, who held title to the land. A post 
 office had previously been established, and Mr. Ellis was the postmaster, and 
 principal merchant. It is in part of the west half of the southwest quarter of 
 section 14, township i south, range 3 west, in Hall township. Zachariah 
 
 ■ifi St. Anthony Church and Parsonage. 
 
 Nicholson bought the land of the United States on May 4, 1837, and on Oc- 
 tober 12, 1 848. 
 
 St. Anthony. This town was first called St. Joseph, but its name was 
 changed in order to secure a post office. Its plat bears date of April 10, 
 i860, and calls the town St. Joseph. The original town covers the east half 
 southwest quarter of northwest quarter of section 36, township 2 south, range 
 4 west. Joseph Reuber entered the land July 20, 1S39. It was government 
 land. On April 4 and 5, i860., Benj. F. Kemp, surveyed the town. The 
 land was donated by John Riber, and deeded to the trustees of the St. John's 
 congregation of the Catholic Church. A Catholic congregation was estab- 
 lished at St. Anthony in 1864. A log church and a log parsonage were 
 built in that year. On February 25, 1868, while trees were being cut down 
 near the church Father Meister was struck by one of them, and died in a few 
 
64 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 hours. He was the first pastor. A handsome stone cliurch, 50 feet by 106 ,has 
 been erected, and one of the handsomest and best equipped dwellings in the 
 county is the parsonage. A half mile west of St. Anthony is one of the largest 
 and best brown stone quarries in the state of Indiana. It employs many men, 
 and its out-put adorns the fronts of many of the handsomest buildings in the 
 Mississippi valley. A spur of the Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis Rail- 
 road conveys the large stones to market. One stone frequently weighs all a 
 railroad flat car can carry. 
 
 iVlaltersville. This is a little place laid out by Mrs. Anna Barbara Mal- 
 ter, D-icember 17, 1867. It has no post office, and is little more than the 
 crossing of two public highways. 
 
 Miliersport. This point is the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter, 
 section 14, township 3 south, range 6 west, in Madison township. It was 
 surveyed on February 3, 4 and 5, 1859, by Benj. R. Kemp, county sur- 
 veyor. Forty acres were divided into one hundred lots and suitable streets, 
 including a public square of one acre in the center. There is no post office 
 
 and really no town. The place is used 
 for a farm. Circumstances combined 
 to prevent it becoming a town. Stephen 
 McDonald Miller was the founder. 
 
 Duff. This place is situated on the 
 Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis Rail- 
 road, in Patoka township. Robert Small 
 is jts founder, as a town. The post office 
 had been established for many years 
 before town lots were sold. The town 
 plat bears date of April 9, 1883. It has 
 
 KVANA CHURCH, 1896. 
 
 two churches. Duff is named in honor 
 of Col. B. B. Edmonston, who when a 
 boy was called "Col. Duff," from his 
 military inclinations in drilling his com- 
 panions as soldiers. 
 
 Kyana. This town is an out-growth 
 of the construction of the Louisville, 
 Evansville & St. Louis Railroad. It 
 was founded by the Louisville Mining & kyana SCHOOL. 
 
 Manufacturing Company, and bears the 
 
 abbreviation of its home state, and the termination of the state in which it is 
 located. It has a new church building and a new school house. It is a good 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA, 
 
 65 
 
 shipping point. Its original plat bears date August ii, 1882. It was re- 
 surveyed and the corners established in 1887, by George R. Wilson, county 
 surveyor. Its deeds contain a clause to prevent the sale of intoxicants. 
 
 St. Marks. M. B. Cox was the founder of St. Marks. T. P. Parrent, 
 an Air Line civil engineer, first surveyed the town in 1872, but his survey was 
 lost, and it was re-surveyed and establised by George R. Wilson, December, 
 1882. Great things were looked for of this town, when first laid out, but lots 
 fell in price, and the place lay dormant until the final construction of the rail- 
 road. It has no church, no school, and no post office. St. Anthony supplies 
 these and St. Marks in return is St. Anthony's railroad station. 
 
 CASS TOWNSHIP. 
 1 and 2— St. Heury Catholic Church. 4— St. Henry Graded School. 
 
 3— Castrup School House, No. 4. Erected 1896. 5— Holland Graded School. 
 
 6— Bruner School House, No. 3. Erected, 1894. 
 
 St. Heory. The plat of this town reads, "The Town of St. Henry or 
 Henryville." The post office is St. Henry, and it is better to so call the town 
 to distinguish it from Henryville, Clark County, Indiana. Mr. Fisher is its 
 founder, though the main business part of the town is not on the plat of the town, 
 which is dated September 22, 1874. A Catholic church was established at 
 St. Henry in 1862. A stone church was built that year. The Evansville 
 and Jasper branch of the Louisville, Evansville & St. Louis Railroad passes 
 one mile and a quarter west of the town. Its station is called Ferdinand, 
 
 5 
 
66 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 and Ferdinand station is Johnsburg post office. Henry Bruner lived near 
 here. He was one of the first settlers in Cass township. He was an expert with 
 
 his long rifle and hundreds of deer, 
 bears, and other wild game fell at his 
 shot. Mr. Bruner was one of the best known 
 hunters that ever "drew a bead" in 
 the early days in Dubois County. 
 
 Mentor. Francis M. Sanders is the 
 founder of this town. He was a great 
 admirer of President Garfield, and 
 named the town in his honor. Henry 
 Berger was the surveyor. The post 
 office for this place is Altoga. It means 
 "high and dry," and was so named by 
 the late John M. Deinderfer, county aud- 
 itor. Mentor is the main shipping sta- 
 tion for Schnellville, Celestine, Ells- 
 worth, and Dubois. The original plat 
 of the town is dated September 29, 1881. 
 Hickory Grove. This is a hamlet 
 in the extreme northeast corner of Har- 
 bison township. It has two churches, 
 a school house, stores, and the usual 
 
 REV. FIDELIS MAUTE. 
 
 Born in 1837, in Inueriugen, Province Holaen- 
 zollcrn, (Sigmariugi'n, Prussia). He received 
 his classical education in Hedingen, near 
 Sigmaringeu and Maria Eiusicdeln. His 
 theological studies he finished in Mainz. In 
 1861, he left for America. On June 21, he 
 landed at New York, and on the 29ih he ar- 
 rived at St. Meinrad, Spencer County, In- 
 diana. He made his profession at St. Mein- 
 rad, September 8, 1863, and was ordained Jan- 
 uary 2, 1864. lit. Rev. Bishop St. Palais, of Vin- 
 cennes. Since July 18, 186.5, he has been pas- 
 tor of St. .Joseph's congregation at Jasper. Ry 
 his persistent energy the present large St. 
 Joseph's church was btiilt at Jasper. 
 
 number of dwellings incident to such set- 
 tlements. For many years the post 
 office was known as Hickory Grove. It is 
 known as Thales P.O. since January 19, 
 1895. 
 
 COL. B. B. EDMONSTON, 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 COUNTY OFFICERS AND SOME OF THEIR 
 DUTIES. 
 
 Clerk of the Circuit Court. — The 
 clerk's term of office is four years. He When hejjrepresented Dubois Countyoin; the 
 
 can not serve more than eight years in state Legislature in i867. 
 any twelve. It is his duty to keep a record of the proceedings of the court, 
 and issue all writs of the court. He issues marriage licenses and records 
 the marriages as reported to him by the ministers and other parties em- 
 powered to solemnize marriages. He may appoint administrators, receives 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 67 
 
 and records various bonds ; is trustee of the county library, keeps a register 
 of physicians, and various other work. At one time he also served as clerk 
 of the common pleas court, and probate court. 
 
 The following men served as clerks of Dubois County: 1818, Simon 
 Morgan; 1839, B. B. Edmonston ; i860, Henry Holthaus ; 1868, B. B. Ed- 
 monston ; 1876, Peter J. Gosmann ; 1884, Joseph I. Schuhmacuer; 1886, 
 Ignatz Eckert ; 1894, Herman Eckert. 
 
 County Recorder — The county recorder is eligible but eight years out 
 of a period of twelve. He records deeds, mortgages, indentures, articles of 
 
 HON. B. L. GREENE, 
 
 Of Jasper, Ind.. born Oct. 1, 1850, died Aug. 6, 
 188.5. Served as deputy clerk for many years; 
 also as state representative. He) was 
 clerk-elect of Dubois County at the time of his 
 death. He was also clerk of the town of Jas- 
 per for many years, and was the first teacher 
 in the brick public school building in Jasper. 
 
 HERMAN ECKERT, 
 
 Clerk, 1894. 
 
 incorporation, town plats, maps, etc. 
 He also releases mortgages and may 
 make an abstract and take the acknowl- 
 edgement of an indenture. This office and that of clerk were formerly held 
 by the same official. 
 
 The following men served as recorders of Dubois County: 1818, Simon 
 Morgan; 1846, B. B. Edmonston; 1852, J. B. Pf aff ; 1856, Stephen Jerger ; 
 1862, August Litschgi : 1870, Geo. J. Jutt; 1878, John G. Leming; 1882, 
 Nenian Haskins ; 1890, Brittain Leming ; 1894, Theodore Stephenson, 1894, 
 Phillip DiUy. 
 
 County Treasurer — His term is two years. He may serve four years 
 out of a period of six years. He receives and has charge of all county funds, 
 and pays out the same on orders issued by the county auditor. The county 
 treasurer collects all the state, county, and township taxes, and may collect 
 taxes for an incorporated town. Twice in each year he makes a settlement 
 with the state treasurer and pays to him the taxes due the state from this 
 county. The county treasurers of Dubois County have for many years been 
 the first to make their settlements with the state. 
 
68 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 The following men have served as treasurers of Dubois County: 1852, 
 Dominick Erny ; 1854, Edward Stephenson; 1858, B. R. Niehaus; i860, 
 Theodore Sonderman ; 1863; Edward Stephenson; 1867, William Bretz ; 
 1872, Edward Stephenson; 1S74, James E. Spurlock; 1878, Ig^natz Eckert ; 
 1882, Wm. H. Bretz; 1886, Christ. H. Rudolph; 1890, Jacob Burger; 1894, 
 Edward A. Bohnert. 
 
 County Surveyor — His term is two years, but he may be re-elected as 
 often as suits the people. His duty is to make surveys, and establish lines 
 and corners for persons owning land in the county who may call on him for 
 that purpose. His surveys, when made for the establishment of lines and 
 corners, are recorded by him. 
 
 The following men served as surveyors of Dubois County: 1830, Gam 
 Garretson ; 1852, Jacob Morendt ; 1856, Benjamin R.Kemp; 1862, JSan- 
 
 GEOROE J. JUTT, 
 
 A pioneer teacher of Ferdinand. Clerk of 
 Jasper many years, and recorder of Dubois 
 County from 1S70 to 1878. 
 
 PHILLIP DILLY, 
 
 Recorder, 1894. 
 
 dusky Williams ; 1868, Arthur Berry ; 1872, Wm. R. Osborn; 1874, Wm. 
 B. Pirtle; 1876, Francis Quante ; 1878, Henry Berger; 18S2, Michael Wil- 
 son ; 1884, George R. Wilson; 1888, EdPickhardt; 1890, Henry Berger; 
 1894, Wm. T. Young. 
 
 County Sheriff — Term, two years. He is eligible but four years in 
 any six. He is the executive officer of the circuit court. He has charge of 
 the county jail, and is responsible for the safe keeping of prisoners held by 
 him. He publishes the clerk's notices of elections, and is the peace officer 
 of the county. He is also the executive officer of the county commissioners' 
 court. He sells property to pay debts when ordered by the circuit court. He 
 is furnished a residence, and a jail in which to keep prisoners. 
 
 The following men served as sheriffs of Dubois County: 18 18, Adam 
 Hope; Thomas Hope; Joseph Clarkson ; 1824, William Ed- 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 69 
 
 monston; 1828, Daniel Harris; 1832, B. B. Edmonston ; 1836, John Hurst ; 
 1S37, James McDonald ; 1841, Thomas Wooldridge, (killed) ; 1843, H. W. 
 Baker; 1847, Robert Herr ; 1849, William Mahin ; 1852, John Mehringer ; 
 1856, Jacob Harmon; i860, John Weikel ; 1864, Henry Mauntel ; 1868, 
 
 Tobias Herbig ; 1872. John Weikel; , B. B. L. Edmonston; 
 
 1876, George Cox; 1880, Frank Joseph; i88|, George Cox; 1886, Ferd 
 Schneider; 1890, Albert H. Traylor ; 1894, Henry Cassidy. 
 
 County Coroner — His term is two years but he may serve for many 
 years. His duty is to hold inquests on bodies of persons supposed to have met 
 death by violence or in any unnatural manner. He files his verdict with the 
 county clerk and may have the supposed murderer arrested. In cases where 
 the sheriff is interested he acts as sheriff. If the sheriff is to be arrested the 
 county coroner serves the warrant. Tf the sheriff should be confined in jail, 
 the coroner has charge of the jail and its prisoners. Many years ago the 
 
 EDWARD A. BOHNERT, 
 
 Treasurer, 1894. 
 
 WILLIAM T. YOUNG, 
 
 County Surveyor, 1894. 
 
 county coroner served as "fence viewer," and as the officer for the care of 
 the poor. As fence viewer, he would pass upon the ability of a fence to 
 keep out stock and assess the damages done by stock. 
 
 The following men have served as coroners of Dubois County: 1824, 
 D. G. Brown; 1830, John Brittain; 1832, Elijah Kendall; 1839, Abraham 
 Baker; 1845, Joseph Buggs ; 1846, Willis Niblack ; 1849, Thomas Hurst; 
 1851, Stephen Stephenson; 1852, Wm. H. Green, (fence viewers abolished); 
 1856, William Schulterman ; i860, J. W. Taylor, 1861, Charles Kraus ; 
 1863, Harvey Nicholson ; 1864, John G. Allen ;* 1866, Reinhart Rich ; 1868, 
 Charles Birkemeyer; 1870, George Cox ; 1876, Michael Hochgesang ; 1880, 
 
 Anton Krilein; 1884, Moritz Fritz; , J. C. Deinderfer; 1888, John F. 
 
 Meinker; 1894, O. A. Bigham. 
 
 County Assessor — This official's term is four years. He is not eligi- 
 ble for re-election more than once in any term of eight years. He is super- 
 
70 
 
 HrSTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 visor of the work of township assessors, and may list and assess any omitted 
 property. The county assessor, auditor, and treasurer, constitute the county 
 board of review, or equalization. The office as now known was created in 
 189 1. Lieut. W. W. Kendall was appointed by the county commissioners 
 to serve until the general election of 1892, at which election he was elected 
 and served until after the November election, 1896, when he was succeded 
 by William H. Kuper. 
 
 County Superintendent — His term is two years, with no time limit as 
 to re-eligibility. He has charge of the common schools of the county. He 
 examines and licenses teachers, and may revoke a license for cause. It is his 
 duty to visit schools and to encourage education. He holds county and 
 township institutes. Appeals may be taken to him from the decision of a 
 township trustee. In many cases his decision is final ; in others, an appeal 
 
 HENRY CASSIDY, 
 
 Sheriff, 1894. 
 
 ALBERT H. TRAYLOR. 
 
 Sheriff of Dubois County, from 1S90 to 1894. 
 Mr. Traylor wa.s born in Boone township, 
 April 5, 18,54. 
 
 may be taken to the state superintendent. The county superintendent is 
 president of the county board of education, and has charge of the enumeration 
 of the school children of the county. He is the instrument for carrying out 
 the orders of the state board of education and of the state superintendent. 
 He orders, receives and distributes all common school text books that are 
 needed in his county. The pay for these books he receives from the trustees 
 and forwards it to the book companies. He makes many reports to the state 
 superintendent and to the chief of the bureau of statistics. County superin- 
 tendents began to serve in 1873. Previous to that time many of their duties 
 were performed by an official called the school examiner. 
 
 The following men have served as school examiners or superintendents 
 of Dubois County: 1843, John McCausland ; 1853, Rev. Joseph Kundeck, 
 Rev. A. J. Strain and George W. Fallon; 1857, Rev. Joseph Kundeck, 
 Rev. A. J. Strain atid S. J. Kramer; 1858, Rev. A. J. Strain, Stephen 
 Jerger and S. J. Kramer; 1859, Rev. A. J. Strain, William Hays and John 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 71 
 
 B. Beckwerment ; i860, William Hayes, J. B, Beckwerment and Henry 
 Holthaus; 1861, Rev. A. J. Strain; 1873, E. R. Brundick. (Here the law 
 was changed and the county superintendent took charge.) The county 
 superintendents were as follows: 1873, E. R. Brundick; 1879, Rev. 
 George C. Cooper; 1881, Hon. A. M. Sweeney; 1889, George R. 
 Wilson. 
 
 County Auditor — His term is four years and he may serve eight years 
 in any twelve. He is clerk of the commissioners' court. He makes the tax 
 duplicates and delivers them to the county treasurer. The county auditor has 
 charge of the school funds of the county and loans them upon lands in the 
 county. He transfers real estate before deeds are recorded. Manv reports 
 
 HENRY BERQER, 
 
 Surveyor from 1S78 to 1882, and from 1S90 to 
 1894. Born in the towu of Sclden, Baden, 
 Europe, July 9, 1845. Educated at St. Mein- 
 rad. Served in Co. E., 143 lud. Vol. Inf. 
 
 MICHAEL WILSON, 
 
 Born in Northumberland County, England, 
 Oct. 3, 1834. The pioneer miner of Dubois 
 County. Assisted in the geological survey of 
 Dubois county under State Geologist Cox. 
 County surveyor in 1882 and 1883. 
 
 are made by the county auditor to the state auditor and other state officials. 
 This is the most responsible office in the county, and the good record Dubois 
 County has made in not being in debt is due to the efficiency of her county 
 auditors. 
 
 The following men have served as auditors of Dubois County: B. B. 
 Edmonston ; 1852, Dr. Samuel B. McCrillus ; 1856, John Mehringer; 1863, 
 Theodore Sonderman ; 1867. Martin Friedman; 1870, August Litschgi ; 
 •1874, J. Michael Deinderfer; 1878, I. Schuhmacher; 1886, John Gramel- 
 spacher; 1894, August H. Koerner. 
 
 Secretary of the County Board of Health — The county commission- 
 ers are ex-officio the county board of health. They meet annually in Decem- 
 ber and elect a secretary, who is the executive officer of the board, and who 
 serves for one year. The county board of health promulgates and enforces 
 
72 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Dr. 0. A. BIGHAM, 
 
 Coroner, 1894. 
 
 LIEUT. W. W. KENDALL, 
 
 County Assessor, 1892. 
 
 AUGUST LITSCHGI, 
 
 County Recorder from 1862 to 1870. 
 Auditor from 1870 to 1874. 
 
 County 
 
 Dr. SAMUEL B. McCRILLUS, 
 
 County Auditor, 1852-1856. 
 
OP DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 73 
 
 JOHN GRAMELSPACHER, 
 
 Couutv Auditor, from 1886 to 1894. 
 
 AUGUST H. KOERNER, 
 
 Auditor, 1894. 
 
 MARTIN FRIEDMAN, 
 
 Auditor of Dubois County, from 1867 to 1870. 
 
 J. MICHAEL DEINDERPER, 
 
 Countv Auditor, from 1874 to 1878 
 
74 
 
 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 all rules and regulations of the state board of health. All births, deaths, 
 marriages, etc., are recorded in records kept tor that purpose by the secretary. 
 He endeavors to prevent the spreading of such contagious diseases as diph- 
 tharia, sma)l-pox, scarlet fever, and performs various other duties, relative to 
 the health of the citizens of the countv. The following men have served as 
 secretaries: 1881, Dr. Toliver Wertz ; 1884. Dr. H. C. Hobbs ; 1886, Dr. 
 W.H.Wells; 1887, Dr. E. J. Kempf; 1889, Dr. John P. Salb; 1891, 
 Dr. B. B. Brannock. 
 
 Names of men who have served as County Commissioners: Henry 
 Enlow, Robert Oxley, John Donnell, Abraham Corn, Lewis B. Woods, 
 Arthur L. Blagrave, Major T, Powers, Joseph Friedman (1847), R. M. 
 Davis, Casper John, Anson Cavender, B. R. L. Niehaus, Henry Long, A. 
 
 JOSEPH FRITZ, 
 
 Born in Uiibois Countv, Feb. 14, 1843. En- 
 rolled in Co. K 25th lud. Vols. Inf., Sopt. 26, 
 1864, and served until June 4, 186.5. Mr. Fritz 
 has served as trustee of Jackson township 
 several terms, and is now serving his second 
 term as countv commissioner. 
 
 JOSEPH SCHROEDER. 
 
 Commissioner, 1894. 
 
 F. Kelso, Lewis Greene, Harvey 
 Nicholson, R. L. Kearby, John B. 
 Bickwerment, Wm. H. Greene, Robert M. Davis, Gerhard Niehaus, John 
 Mehne, John G. Stallman, Samuel Main, Harrison Morgan (1874), John B. 
 Gorman (1875), Joseph Shuler ( 1876), Henry Schnell, John L.Hoffman, 
 Camden Cox, Wm. C. Brittain, Eli Abell, Joseph Heitz, John J. Alles, 
 Samuel H. Dillon, August H. Koerner (1887), Joseph Fritz, (1893), Con- 
 rad Jackie (1889), Joseph Schroeder (1894). 
 
 ^\i^ ioWo'wm^ Justices of the Peace ^ ^!i%o served as a board of county 
 commissioners in 1843-5: Daniel Harris, Samuel Postlethwait, Jesse Corn, 
 Jr., John Cave, John D. Noble, John Hurst, Elijah Cox, Giles N. Lansford, 
 Elijah Kendall, A. B. Spradley, John Combs, Joseph Schneider, and Simon 
 B. Lewis. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 75 
 
 The following officials, more or less county officers, served in the posi- 
 tions as indicated : 
 
 Associate Judges— ^. B, Edmonston, Sr., Ashbury Alexander, 1824; 
 Edward Wood, 1830; John Niblack, 1831; Daniel Harris, 1835; Henry 
 Bradley, Willis Hays; 1837; Robert Oxley, 1841 ; William Cavender, 1845, 
 Thomas Shoulders, 1845; Conrad Miller, 1850. 
 
 Probate Judges — B. B. Edmonston, Sr., 1829; Daniel Harris, 1840; 
 Moses Kelso, 1841 ; A. B. Spicely, 1848. 
 
 Common Pleas Judges — L. C. DeBruler, 1853; John J. Key, 1861 ; 
 Chas. H. Mason, 1862; David T. Laird, 1863; Chas. H. Mason, 1870; 
 Milton S. Mavity, 1871. (This court was abolished in 1873.) 
 
 Circuit Judges — Jonathan Doty, 1818; Richard Daniel, 1819; James 
 R. E. Goodlett. 1820; Samuel Hall, 1832; Charles I. Battell, 1835; Elisha 
 Embree, 1836; James Lockhart, 1846; Alvin P. Hovey, 1853; W. E. 
 
 r 
 
 Or. B. B. BRANNOCK, 
 
 Secretary County Board'oflHealth, 1891. 
 
 CONRAD JACkLE, 
 
 County Commissioner. 
 
 Niblack, 1854; Ballard Smith, 1858; M. F. Burke, 1859; Jas. C. Denny, 
 1864; John Baker, 1865; N. F. Malott, 1871 ; O. M. Welborn, 1873; 
 Wm. J. Zenor, 1893; E. A. Ely, 1895, 
 
 The following men have represented Dubois County in the state legisla- 
 ture: Richard Daniel, John Johnson, William McMahan, John Daniel, John 
 Johnson, James Ritchie, Thomas C. Stewart, Geo. H. Proffit, Wm. M. 
 Wright, Benjamin Edmonston, Aaron B. McCrillus, John Poison, Silas 
 Davis, Geo. W. Lemonds, B. T. Goodman, H. W. Barker, John Abel, John 
 S. Martin, Col. Thomas Shoulders, Dr. Matthew Kempf (1859), Benj. R. 
 Kemp, B. B. Edmonston (1867), Leroy Cave, E. C. Stephenson, H. A. 
 Reed, A. J. Gosman, Hart, Samuel Hargrove, James E. Walker, 
 
76 HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR 
 
 Mortnan Fisher, Bazil L. Greene, Thos. M. Clarke, E.W. Pickhadt (1889-91), 
 James H. Willard, Eph Inman, John L. McGenty, VVm. A. Wilson (1S93,) 
 Samuel H. Stewart, A. W. Porter (1895.) 
 
 List of men who have served as State Senators: Isaac Montgomery, 
 Daniel Robb, John Daniels, Daniel Grass, Daniel Edwards, Elisha Embree, 
 
 Facsimile of autograph of Rev. Joseph Kundeek, School Examiner, 1853. 
 (See iniges 27 aud 29.) 
 
 Thos. C. Stewart, John Hargrave (1838), Smith Miller, Benj. R. Edmonston 
 (1845), Smith Miller, B. T. Goodman, William Hawthorn, John Hargrave, 
 Col. Thos. Shoulders (1861), H. A. Reed, Wm. A. Traylor (thrice), 
 James H. Willard, O. A. Trippett, John Sweeney, M. A. Sweeney 
 (1895). 
 
 (the end) 
 
 Copyright No. 
 
 60774 B^ 
 
 November 5, 1896. 
 
OF DUBOIS COUNTY, INDIANA. 
 
 77 
 
 NDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 Page 
 
 Artesian Well, at Jasper 40 
 
 Alles, Capt. John J 36 
 
 Bretz, Hon. John L 16 
 
 Birdseye, Zimmer's Store 52 
 
 Buchart, Joseph E., Residence of 53 
 
 Bigham, Dr. O. A 72 
 
 Bohnert, Ed A 69 
 
 Brannock, Dr. B. B 75 
 
 Bethel Church, Madison township 21 
 
 Bretzville Church and Parsonage 55 
 
 Board of Education 25 
 
 Bruner School house, (view 6) 65 
 
 Berger, Henry 70 
 
 Celestine Catholic Church 62 
 
 Court House at Portersville 17 
 
 Court House at Jasper (first) 18 
 
 Court House at Jasper (present) 19 
 
 County Map inset between pages 40-41 
 
 Cassidy Henry 71 
 
 Convent at Ferdinand, bird's-eye view .50 
 
 Convent at Ferdinand, recess 49 
 
 Convent and Campus, at Ferdinand 49 
 
 Campus of Jasper College 28 
 
 Co. K., 27th Indiana Volunteers 36 
 
 Cooper, Rev. George C 30 
 
 Castrup School House (view 3) 65 
 
 Diploma and Medal of County Schools ..31 
 
 Dilly, Phillip 68 
 
 Deinderfer, J. Michael 73 
 
 Dubois, bird's-eye view 61 
 
 Dubois Main street 59 
 
 Dubois Springs 9 
 
 Edmonston, Col. B. B. (in 1867) 66 
 
 Edmonston, Col. B. B. (in 1887) 33 
 
 Edmonston, Mrs. B. B 7 
 
 Eckerts'Mill 40 
 
 Eckert, Herman 67 
 
 Fisher, Capt. Mormon 35 
 
 Ferdinand, bird's-eye view '. 46 
 
 Ferdinand Church, (exterior) 47 
 
 Ferdinand Church, (interior) 48 
 
 Friedman, Martin 73 
 
 Fritz, Joseph 74 
 
 Guckes, Capt. P. P 34 
 
 Greene, Hon. B. L 67 
 
 Geiger, Jacob 45 
 
 Gramelspacher, John 73 
 
 Haysville Church (exterior) 55 
 
 Haysvi lie Church (interior) 56 
 
 Hall Township School. 32 
 
 Hayes, William 29 
 
 Huntingburg, bird's-eye view 44 
 
 Hillsboro Cumberland Presby. Church .. 21 
 
 High School, Jasper .-23 
 
 Holland Graded School (view 5) 65 
 
 Ireland Cumberland Presby. Church 51 
 Ireland Methodist Episcopal Church ... 52 
 Ireland Catholic Church 51 
 
 Ireland Catholic Rectory 51 
 
 Ireland High School 51 
 
 Jasper, bird's-eye view from southeast... 42 
 Jasper, bird's-eye view from northeast— 41 
 
 Jasper College .26 
 
 Jail, at Jasper 20 
 
 Jutt, George J. 68 
 
 Jasper Methodist Episcopal Church 23 
 
 Jackie, Conrad 75 
 
 Kendall, Lieut. W. W. (in 1861) 33 
 
 Kendall, Lieut. W. W. (in 1892) 72 
 
 Kempf, Dr. Matthew 43 
 
 Kundeck, Rev. Joseph (biography) 29 
 
 Kundeck, Rev. Joseph (autograph).: 76 
 
 Kyana Church 64 
 
 Kyana School House 64 
 
 Kellerville Church 59 
 
 Kemp, lion. Benjamin R 50 
 
 Koerner, August H 73 
 
 Kunz, Henry '. 50 
 
 Litschgi, August 72 
 
 Lueken School House, No. 3 27 
 
 Lemmons' Cumberland Presby. Church 57 
 
 Morgan, Col. Simon (penmanship) 10 
 
 Monument, Soldiers' and Sailors' 37 
 
 McDonald, Lieut Hiram 6 
 
 McDonald, Allen 6 
 
 McDonald, Fort 6 
 
 Mehringer, Brig. Gen. John 35 
 
 McCrillus, Samuel B 72 
 
 Maute, Rev. Fideli's 66 
 
 Patoka River, at Frog Island 12 
 
 Prosperity on the Farm 14 
 
 Portersville Union Church 60 
 
 St. Henry Catholic Church (views 1 &2)..65 
 
 St. Henry Graded School (view 4) 65 
 
 St. John Evangelical Church, Boone Tp .58 
 
 St. Joseph's Church, Jasper, (new) 24 
 
 St. Joseph's Church, Jasper, (old) 23 
 
 Sweeney, Hon. A. M 30 
 
 St. Anthony Church and Rectory 63 
 
 Salems Church, at Huntingburg 22 
 
 Schnell, Henry 53 
 
 Stewart, James G -52 
 
 Sprauer, Alois 13 
 
 Sherritt Graveyard 8 
 
 Shiloh C. P. Church and Cemetery 21 
 
 Schroeder, Joseph 74 
 
 Strain, Rev. A. J 29 
 
 Schnellville, bird's-eye view .54 
 
 Stadler, Rev. Eberhard 45 
 
 Traylor, Albert H., Residence of 39 
 
 Traylor. Albert H 71 
 
 Welman, Dr. R. M 34 
 
 Wilson, George R 30 
 
 Wilson, Michael 70 
 
 Young, William T 69 
 
INDEX 
 
 TO HISTORY AND ART SOUVENIR. 
 
 Page 
 
 Act Creating Dubois County 5 
 
 Base Line 8 
 
 Burning of First Court House at Jasper 18 
 
 Birdseye, Town of 52 
 
 Bretzville, Town of 54 
 
 County Named 5 
 
 County, Survey of 13 
 
 Court House at Portersville 18 
 
 Court House at Jasper 18-19 
 
 County Jail 20 
 
 County Poor Asylum 20 
 
 Churches and Religions 20 
 
 County Board of Education 25 
 
 Copies of Early Licenses to Teachers 29-31 
 
 Convent of Immaculate Conception 47 
 
 Celestine, Town of 62 
 
 County Officers 66 
 
 County Auditors, List of 71 
 
 County Assessors, List of 69 
 
 County Clerks, List of 67 
 
 County Coroners, List of 69 
 
 County Commissioners, List of 74 
 
 County Health Officers, List of 71 
 
 County Recorders, List of 67 
 
 County Surveyors, List of 68 
 
 County Sheriffs, List of 68 
 
 County Superintendents of Schools 70 
 
 County Treasurers, List of 67 
 
 Dubois Countv Soldiers' and Sailors' 
 
 Monument 36-37-38 
 
 Dubois, Town of 59 
 
 Duff, Town of 64 
 
 Edmonston, Col. B. B 33 
 
 Early Settlements 5 
 
 Edmonston, Mrs. Col. B. B 7 
 
 Early Graves 9 
 
 Early Riders 11 
 
 Early Courts 11-18 
 
 Early Land Titles 13 
 
 Early Land Entries 16 
 
 Early Public and Private Buildings 17 
 
 Earlv Churches 23 
 
 Early Text-Books 25 
 
 Early School-Houses 25 
 
 Early Sports 11-33 
 
 Early Military Leaders 34 
 
 Eckerts' Mill 40 
 
 Ellsworth, Town of 63 
 
 Fort McDonald 6-9-20 
 
 Flag of Co. "K." 36 
 
 Ferdinand, Town of 45 
 
 Governor's Trace 5 
 
 Garden Spot of the County 39 
 
 Geiger Jacob 45 
 
 Huntingburg, City of 45 
 
 Holland, Town of 50 
 
 Haysville, Town of 55 
 
 Hillham 56 . 
 
 Hickory Grove 66 
 
 Initiating McDonald . .. 9 
 
 Indians 9-10-13 
 
 Ireland, Town of 50 
 
 Jacob's School 32 
 
 Jasper, Town of 40 
 
 Judges, (Associate) List of 75 
 
 Judges, (Common Pleas) List of 75 
 
 Judges, (Circuit) List of 75 
 
 Judges, (Probate) List of 75 
 
 Kendall, Lieut. W. W 33 
 
 Kundeck, Rev. Joseph 29 
 
 Kellerville 59 
 
 Kyana, Town of 64 
 
 Land Offices 14 
 
 Lueken School-House, No. 3 27 
 
 List of Civil Townships 40 
 
 McDonald Family 6 
 
 Military History' 32 
 
 Muster Fields 33 
 
 Maltersville 64 
 
 Millersport 64 
 
 Mentor, Town of 66 
 
 Morgon, Col. Simon 10 
 
 Portersville, Town of 5-59 
 
 Patents 15 
 
 Products 38 
 
 Population 39 
 
 Representatives, List of 75 
 
 Senators, List of 76 
 
 Size of Dubois County 5 
 
 Sherritt Graveyard 8 
 
 Sociability of Pioneers 11 
 
 Slaves 11 
 
 Swamp Lands 13-14 
 
 St. Joseph's Cross 24 
 
 Schools and Education 25 
 
 School Examiners 27 
 
 Stone Quarries 39 
 
 Schnellville, Town of 53 
 
 St. Anthony, Town of 63 
 
 St. Marks, Town of 65 
 
 St. Henry. Town of 65 
 
 Trials and Hardships 8 
 
 Toussaint Dubois 5-9-10-15 
 
 Traylor, Albert H. (residence) 39 
 
 Transportation 38-39-40 
 
 Volunteers 35 
 
 Wild Animals 10-15 
 
 Wabash and Erie Canal 13-14 
 
 World's Fair Diploma 31 
 
 Wealth of the County 39