PE 1144 .L2 Copy 1 PE 1144 .L2 Copy 1 Hffllll liJM ' PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK, AND CHILD'S INSTRUCTER: OR, SECOND BOOK FOR PRIMARY SCHOOLS. B 9 a By j. lamb, AUTHOR OF 'THE CHILD'S PRIMER. SI m TRY.' BOSTON: THOMAS H. WEBB AND CO. ANN ARBOR, MICH. : JONATHAN LAMB. - <& .>.; Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1844, by THOMAS H. WEBB & CO., in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Massachusetts. 5 % * PREFACE. There are several reasons, why I add another to the numerous Spelling-books now in use. The first is, that not one of those now in use is practical enough. Not one contains a sufficient number of that class of words, which people have occasion to use in their every-day affairs. A child may learn to spell all the words con- tained in one of our common Spelling-books, and yet find himself, when he enters on the duties of life, quite deficient in spelling the names of the simplest articles which he uses. In this Work, that fault is corrected. Another reason is, that in this Western Country a Spelling-book is needed, which contains such directions, as will enable those who teach, to do so on the improved method, now adopted in some parts of Europe, and in some places in the Eastern States. This Work contains the proper directions. REMARKS TO THE TEACHER. In teaching young children, ' The Child's Primer ' should be first used. That contains full directions for teaching children to read. Those who use the present Book, will do well to pursue the plan here laid down. Before teaching the Alphabet, turn to the Introductory Exercise, page 13, and call the 4 PREFACE. attention of the child to the cuts. When he has learned the name and use of each object repre- sented in these cuts, then point to the word in capitals, at the side of it, and require him to look at it, and pronounce it several times. Then turn to page 14, and direct him to find the same word. If he do not succeed, turn back, and again show him the word at the side of the cut. Then turn over, and he will probably find it. Tr 3 process should be repeated, until he readily recog> nises the word. The same should be done with all the words in the exercise, till he readily recognises each. Then, in the same way, teach all the words which are printed in small letters. While the child is learning to read, he should, at the same time, learn the geometrical elements of the letters, and delineate them on the blackboard. To teach the Alphabet, write a few of the letters on the blackboard, call up the class, point out the letters separately, and tell their names several times. Write a, e, i, 0, u, and y, for instance. Then say, to one of them, Point out y. If he do not suc- ceed, call on another. Then call on another, Find a; Find 0; Find u; Find e. When each one can tell the names of the letters which are written, write other letters, and proceed in the same way. Then let the scholars open their books, and find the letters among those on the next page. Then give to each of them a piece of chalk, and teach them to write the letters on the blackboard. When they can make all the letters, let them write words, and afterwards sentences. Give them easy PREFACE. 5 sentences, such as, " My cat," " My new book," " James is a good boy." Let them make the let- ters of a large size. As soon as possible, let them learn to write on slates. All the Spelling Lessons, after Section LVL, are designed to be written by the learner, on the slate or blackboard, at the dic- tation of the teacher. Most of the words are classed according to their meaning. Writing in school, makes the learner a practical scholar. The reason why we have so many young men who seem to be dunces, is, that their education has not been practical enough. Many of the exercises in some schools are mere dreamy reveries. Elegant pronunciation is an important part of a good education. The first sixteen sections of this work contain the fundamental principles of English pronunciation. The teacher's particular attention is called to this part of the Work, and to the Introductory Exercise. When a class stands up to spell, if a scholar misspell a word, the teacher should put it to the next, without pronouncing the word again. If a class seem inattentive, let each scholar spell but a single letter ; so that a word which is long, will go round the whole class. The teacher should pro- nounce a word to a class but once. Let the scholar that did not attend, lose his turn of spelling in the class. In reading, it is well to permit the class to read round a few times, and each scholar read but one word. The teacher should ask, on the Reading Lessons, all the questions for which he can possibly find time. He should tax his ingenuity to the utmost, in the invention of questions, to put to his pupils, 1* 6 PREFACE. respecting all those subjects which relate to their various lessons. I have not inserted questions in this Work, be- cause that would spoil the Book, entirely. The learner should never know what questions will be asked. The questions inserted in common school books, prevent children from learning to think at all. Many of the present generation of children are becoming dunces, compared with what they might have been, with proper training. N. B. Ask questions that will force children to reflect. Call into action the powers of attention and observation. Oblige them to attend and observe, and there will be no difficulty in making them remember. This volume will be followed by ' The Juvenile Reader, or Third Book for Primary Schools,' which is designed as a Sequel to this, and will embrace Reading Lessons, and other matters im- portant to be understood by young persons. J. LAMB. MAXIMS FOR THE TEACHER. 1. One thing, found out by the scholar, and well understood, is worth more than a thousand things merely committed to memory. 2. The child should be able to exhibit what he has learnt, to write it, and to tell it to others. CONTENTS. Page Preface, 3 Alphabet, and Names of the Letters, 9 Letters for the Blackboard, 10 Key to the Vowel-Sounds, and to the Marks in this Book,.. 11 Introductory Exercise, 13 Sections I. to XVI. Vowel-Sounds, Nos. 1 to 16, 15—30 Sect. XVII. Monosyllables, with Vowel-Sound No. 1, 31 XVIil. No. 2, 32 XIX. No. 4, 33 XX. No. 9,..-... 34 XXI. No. 10,.... 34 XXII. No. 13,.... 35 XX III. No. 2, 35 XXIV. No. 10,.... 35 XXV. No. 1, 36 XXVI. No. 2, 37 XXVII. No. 5, 37 XXVIll. No. 6, 38 XXIX. No. 7, 38 XXX. No. S, 39 XXXI. : No. 13,.... 40 XXX II. Words promiscuously arranged, 41 XXXIII. Words in which the long and short Sounds of the Vowels are contrasted, 41 XXXIV. Words of two Syllables, accented on the first, 42 XXXV. Words of two Syllables, accented on the second, 46 XXXVI. Words of two Syllables, accented on the first; Vowel-Sounds not marked, except in the ac- cented syllable, 48 XXXVII. Words accented on the first Syllable ; the un- accented Syllable having a peculiar Sound,. 52 XXXVIII. Words accented on the second Syllable, 54 XXXIX. Review, 57 XL. Words of three Syllables, accented on the first, with a slight Accent on the third, 59 XLI. Words of three Syllables, accented on the first, and the unaccented Syllables not marked,.. 61 XLII. Words of three Syllables, accented on the sec- ond, 64 XLTTT. Words of three Syllables, accented on the third, 66 XLIV. and XLV. Words in which tion, sion, cion, and cum, are pronounced shun, 67 CONTENTS. Prge Sect. XL VI. Words of four Syllables, accented on the first, 69 XLVU. Words of four Syllables, accented on the sec- ond, 70 XLV1II. Words of four Syllables,accented on the third, 72 XL1X. Words in which ck sounds like k, 73 L. Words in which sion is pronounced zhun,.. . 74 LI. Words in which u has its Sound as in Tube, 75 LII. Words of five Syllables,accented on the third, 76 Llll. Words of five Syllables, accented on the fourth, 77 LIV. Words in which i has the Sound of y, 77 LV. Words in which c'wus, tious, and ceous, are pronounced thus, 78 LVI. Simple Words, from which to form Deriv- atives, ; 79 LVII.— LX1I. Compounded Words, 80—86 LXIJI. Primitive and Derivative Words, 87 LXIV. Primitive Words, the Derivatives of which are irregular, 83 LXV. Words from which many Derivatives may be formed, 89 LXVI. Names of Parts of the Human Body, 89 LXVil. Names of Things which are eaten, 90 LX VI1J. Names of Things bought at the Shops, 91 LX IX. Names of Trees and Plants, 91 LXX. Names of Simple Chemical Substances,.... 93 LXXI. .Names of Acids used in Chemistry, and the Salts which they form, 94 LXX1L Names of Medicines most frequently used,. . 95 Names of Preparations and Terms used in Medicine, 96 LXXIII. Law Terms in common Use, «....'... 97 LXXIV. Words often improperly confounded in Spell- ing or Pronunciation, 101 LXXV. Words alike in Spelling, but different in Pro- nunciation or Signification, 102 LXXVI. Words alike in Sound, but different in Spell- ing and Signification, 106 LXXVII. Vulgarisms, 120 LXXVIII. Elements of Utterance, 125 LXX1X. Different Modes of expressing the same Sound, . 127 LXXX. Long and Short Vowel-Sounds contrasted,.. 129 LXXXI. Analysis of the Sounds in the English Lan- guage, 1 30 LXXX1I. Punctuation, and Capital Letters, 136 LXXXHT. Numbers, Figures, and Numeral Letters,... 139 LXXX1V. Abbreviations, 140 LXXXV. Selection and Explanations of Popular Quo- tations from Different Languages, 141 THE ALPHABET, OR LETTERS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. ROMAN. ITALIC. NAME. A a A a a B b B b bee C c C c see D d D d dee E e E e e F f F f ef G g G g jee H h H h aitch I i I i i J J K k L 1 J K L j k I J a y kay el M m M m em N n N n en o P p Q q R r P Q R P 9 r pee cue ar S s S s ess T t T t tee U u U u u V v V V vee W w W IV double u X x X X eks Y y Z z Y z y z 7 zee & used for and LETTERS, TO BE WRITTEN ON THE BLACKBOARD. A3CDEF G- EIIELMir O F Q R S T U V W X Y Z abed e fghi jklmnopqr stuvwxyz dbpq nu rce ff fi fl ffi ffl <&, KEY TO THE NUMBERS OF THE VOWEL-SOUNDS, AND OTHER MARKS IN THIS BOOK. VOWEL-SOUNDS. There are twelve simple vowel -sounds in the English language, which are represented in this Book by the numbers here prefixed to them. No. 1, represents the long sound of A, as in gate. No. 2, represents the short sound of E, in pen. No. 3, represents the long sound of A, in arm. No. 4, represents the short sound of A, in fan. No. 5, represents the long sound of A, in ball, and of 0, in horse. No. 6, represents the short sound of A, in watch, and of O, in pot. No. 7, represents the long sound of E, and of EE, in be, tree. No. 8, represents the short sound of I, in ship. No. 9, represents the long sound of 0, in comb. No. 10, represents the short sound of U, in drum. No. 11, represents the long sound of 0, in move, and of 00, in stool. No. 12, represents the short sound of 00, in book, and of U, in bush. DIPHTHONGAL-SOUNDS. There are four diphthongal -sounds in the English lavtrungp. They arc the following, and are represented in this Book by the numbers here prefixed to them. 1 2 KEY. No. 13, represents the diphthongal-sound of 7, in pipe, and of Y, in fly. No. 14, represents the diphthongal-sound of U, in flute, and of W, mfew. No. 15, represents the diphthongal-sound of OTJ, in house, and of OW, in cow?. No. 16, represents the diphthongal-sound of 01, in oil, and of OY, in 003/. N. B. In the spelling lessons, the first word in each Section governs the vowel-sounds of every word which follows it in the same Section. Thus the word bay, in Section XVII., governs every word in that Section ; that is, every word in the Section has the same vowel-sound with a in bay. In Section A XX IV., Lesson n., the word blemish governs the words which follow it; — the vowels in each first syllable being pronounced as e in blemish, and the vowels in the second syllables being pronounced like the i in that word, as level, velvet, pronounced lecil, velvit. OTHER MARKS. When e is printed in Italics, (or leaning type,) at the end of a word, it shows that the preceding vowel is not long, as native, promise, not native, promise. When g is printed in Italic, it has its soft sound, like j, us gem, gentle, giant, image, pigeon. When s is printed in Italic, it has its flat, buzzing sound, like z, or zh, as in chaise, trees, measure. When th is printed in Italic, it has its acute, hard, or sharp sound, as in tKm, thick, th\rst, breath. When x is printed in Italic, it has the sound of gz, as in example. When ch is printed in Italic, it has the sound of sh, as in cAaise. When h is printed in Italic, it is silent, as in Aumble. In Sections LXX. — LXXIIL, containing scientific terms, these letters are not marked, to indicate their sounds. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 13 INTRODUCTORY EXERCISE, with Words which have the natural Sounds of the Vowels. (See page 3.) RAKE rake SPADE spade SHEEP sheep KITE kite §S* PIPE pipe HOE hoe FLUTE flute Nute. — The first word in each of the first sixteen- sections of this work is several times inserted, that the teaqher may con- tinue the Introductory Exercise. 2 14 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. RAKE SHEEP HOE SPADE HIVE FLUTE TREE KITE FLY PIPE rake sheep hoe take keep toe spade hive foe made thrive no tree kite flute flee bite lute be pipe % he ripe try Xote. — When the child has learned all the preceding words, the instructer should teach him the first word in each of the first sixteen sections, in the same manner as has been pursued in this Introductory Exercise. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 15 SECTION I. Vowel- Sound No. 1.* GATE f- 1 — -— i\ i gate i I gate GATE Gate LESSON I. ate mate ace pace age bate pate brace place cage date plate dace race page fate prate face space rao-e o grate sate grace trace sage hate slate lace base stage late state mace lesson n. case wa^e blade shade drake shake ale fade spade flake slake bale glade trade lake snake gale jade wade make spake pale lade bake rake stake sale made cake sake take tale * The first sixteen sections of this work contain the first princ'ples of English pronunciation. See Teacher Taught, page 31. Every teacher should have that work. IG PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION II. . Vowel- Sound No. 2. PEN ^ pen pen / PEN Pen LESSON I. - . den when red leg sell fen bed shed P e g shell glen bled sled bell spell hen bred sped cell tell men fed wed dell well ten fled beg dwell yell then led keg LESSON II. fell melt bet pet whet cent scent get set help dent spent jet wet whelp lent tent let yet yelp pent trent met fret bent rent vent net tret brent LESSON III. sent - went end rend flesh pelf less bend send fresh self mess blend spend elm shelf press fend tend helm bless stress lend vend whelm chess delve mend wend elf dress twelve PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 17 SECTION III. • Vowel- Sound No. 3. ARM at It arm arm § ARM Arm LESSON i. bar tar part ark park car art smart bark shark far cart start cark spark jar chart tart dark stark mar dart barn hark barm par hart darn lark charm star mart yarn LESSON mark II. farm bard yard carle aunt path card gape marl daunt carp hard harsh snarl flaunt harp lard are calf haunt sharp nard guard half hath barge pard laugh ah lath charge Knives and forks and spoons are made to eat with. Some knives are made to cut things with. Pens are made to write with. Can you write ? If you cannot write, you must learn to write on a slate. Slates are best for small boys and girls to write upon. 2* s 18 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. l SECTION IV. Vowel- Sound No. 4. FAN iBttfa fan fan Y FAN Fan LESSON i. ban bran van cap pap rap fat flat jack lack can clan chap clap sap slap hat mat pack rack man pan plan ran span flap gap hap lap map snap tap trap wrap bat rat sat back L black clack sack slack stack tack track tan nap cat LESSON hack II. wrack bad brad pad rad bag brag lag nag aft craft clad sad cag rag draft gad shad crag scrag graft glad chaff drag snag haft had lad mad graff quaff staff flag g a g hag stag tag wag raft shaft waft Beds are made to lie upon. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 19 SECTION ^V r Vowel-Sound No. 5. BALL 0% HORSE gm fflKf ball fy# horse j| Mggsyy^..-.^ Ball LESSON I. H ORSE all tail war born or call wall ward corn for fall balk wart horn nor gall calk wharf morn cork hall chalk quart scorn fork pall stalk mort thorn stork small talk short form corse stall walk sort LESSON II. storm morse gaul awl dawn claw raw maul bawl drawn draw saw squall brawl fawn flaw staw thrall crawl lawn law straw warm drawl pawn maw taw warn scrawl yawn paw As soon as the sun rises, you must be up, and not lie in bed. The sun was made for man, and it will be of no use to him if he is not up. You are to lie down and take rest in the night ; but rise and work in the day. 20 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION VI. Vowel- Sound No. 6. WATCH watch was wash wast wad wan wand what bob cob job mob rob sob th rob Watch Dog bog fog hog log loft soft god hod nod plod rod sod trod LESSON I. blot cot clot dot got hot lot LESSON II. block clock dock flock frock hock knock not pot plot rot sot shot spot lock mock rock shock frost lost tost box fox cross dross gloss loss toss crop drop hop fop mop prop stop The Lord will love them that fear Him. He minds all we say and do. We must love all men, even if they do not love us; and we must pray for them that hate us. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 21 SECTION VII. Vowel- Sound No. 7. TREE tree tree TREE w&?» Tree LESSON I. bee bleed speed cheer sneer fee breed steed deer steer flee creed weed jeer veer glee deed eke leer speech knee feed mete peer deem see heed glebe queer teem thee need eve seer seem three reed tea LESSON II. sheer beech beef creep weep cheek cere reef deep eel creek here green keep feel leek mere keen peep heel meek beet queen sheep keel reek feet seen sleep peel seek fleet spleen steep reel sleek meet ween sweep steel week street A broom is made to sweep with. 22 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK, SECTION VIII. Vowel- Sound No. 8. SHIP ship Ship ship SHIP LESSON I. dip bin bid fit bill hip din did hit fill up fin hid lit hill rip pin kid mit kill sip sin lid pit mill hint skin mid sit pill flint thm rid split rill lint tin slid wit till mint win bit LESSON II. ill mince pinch sting fringe thmk rinse winch string singe wink quince bring swing tinge quill since cling thing drink skill wince king wing ink spill clinch ring cringe link still linch sing hinge sink swill PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 23 i SECTION IX. Vowel- Sound Nc K 9. HOE N. hoe hoe ^\§ i HOE Hoe LESSON I. bone cone old bold ode bode grove rove cope grope drone cold code strove hope hone fold mode broke mope lone }:rone tone gold hold sold rode doe foe choke joke smoke pope rope slope zone told roe LESSON II. spoke trope hole bolt rote more host pole sole mole colt jolt molt smote vote ore snore pore sore post lobe robe stole dote core store fort roll mote fore tore port toll note gore LESSON III. wore sport nose rose prose those toes woes go lo wo sow chose foes doze no stow close goes froze so tow 24 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION X. Vowel- Sound No. 10. DRUM iTrft drum dn im | JIJIJI mi Dl IV M Drum LESSON J bud bun spun bug bur mud dun sun dug cur bust fun tun hug- fur burst gun up jug purr crust nun cup lug spur must pun sup mug slur rust run tuft plug much trust shun bulge LESSON ] rug [I. such bluff cull but shut drum cuff dull cut smut gum huff gull gut strut hum luff hull glut club mum muff lull hut cub plum puff mull nut hub rum ruff null put rub sum snuff skull rut tub jump A good boy will try to learn to read. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 25 SECTION XL Vowel- Sound No. 11. BOOT 1 boot boot .-z-^-jIk^as BOOT Boot - LESSON I. move brood cool coop boom groove food fool droop bloom prove mood pool poop broom boon rood tool loop doom moon hoof school scoop gloom noon proof stool stoop groom spoon roof root troop loom swoon woof shoot LESSON II. swoop room coo do choo.se goose you loo who lo.se loose jour too whom noose moose you^ woo shoe whose noose tour boor two smooth trough croup moor booth soothe true group poor sooth tomb bruise soup ooze tooth fruit I must make the best use of my time. Time is what life is made of. We must not waste it. 3 26 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XII. Vowel-Sound No. 1 2. BOOK book book BOOK Book brook cook crook hook look nook rook shook stook took hoop soon good hood stood wood foot soot could should would wolf wool to* bush push puss bull pull lull There is a poor blind man at the door. He is quite blind. JHe does not see the sky, nor the ground, nor the trees, nor men. He does not see us, though we are so near to him. A boy leads him from door to door. Poor man ! O ! it is a sad thing to be blind ! We will give the blind man some bread and cheese. I wish the poor blind man had a warm house to live in, and kind friends to take care of him, and to teach him how to work. Then he would not beg from door to door. * O in this word has a short sound. The teacher should be particular with the child in pronouncing it. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 27 SECTION XIII. Sound No. 13. PIPE £ pipe pipe ^fs^ PIPE - Pipe LESSON I. bide brine spine file lied bride dine tine ile tied hide fine vine mile tried pride line wine pile buy ride mine pint smile dye side nine sigh stile % tide pine sign tile rye wide shine type LESSON II. vile try bite ice trice crime kind cite dice vice dime mind kite mice fright lime die mite nice light slime lie rite price might time pie site rice night bind tie smite slice right find vie spite spice sight hind All good men love virtue, and hate vice. You are most happy when you are good. ! 23 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XIV. Sound No. 14 FLUTE «^*v flute flute FLUTE Flute LESSON L cute cube sure luke glue lute tube fume puke hue mute cure plume blue sue June dure huge cue use dune lure dupe due use tune pure duke LESSON II. flue dew new chew grew mewl few pew clew knew mule hew yew clue view lewd jew blew glew slew feud mew ewe flew stew hewn I can not get in by this gate. Will you help me up on the fence ? See those ripe pears. I must have some of them. No: you must not take them; they are not yours. May I not take what is not mine ? No: that would be quite wrong. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 29 SECTION XV. Sound No. 15. HOUSE house JipWill House Cow The diphthongs ou in house and 010 in cow are composed of o in f/o«- and u in full. The teacher should be extremely care- ful that the child gives the proper sound. Let the sound be fully uttered. house bound count scowl brown mouse found fount bow clown out ground mount brow crown gout mound owl how down grout round cowl mow drown rout sound fowl now frown spout loud growl- prow gown stout cloud howl sow town trout proud prowl vow browze As soon as you learn to work well, try to work quickly, I have seen bad boys throw stones at the cows. Cows give us milk. You should give the cow 7 s some hay and some salt. Cows give good sweet milk for you to eat with your bread. Birds sing, and fly in the air. 3* 30 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XVI. Sound No. 16. BOY boy boy BOY Boy The diphthongs oy in boy and oi in oil are made up of o in horse and i in pin. The error to be avoided, in these words, is the pronouncing of oil as if written He, and point as if written pint, &c. coy hoist oil soil coin cloy joist boil spoil groin hoy moist broil toil join j°y noise coil joint loin toy poise droil oint choice troy void foil- point voice God is good to us all. He sees all we do. Does He see us at all times? Yes, He sees us at all times, and knows all we do. He knows all our thoughts. The path of duty is the path of peace. Do to others as you wish them to do to you. Try to aid all those who are in distress. Mark the good man, and do like him ; Love all men, and do good to all ; Fear the Lord, and keep His Law: — So shall it be well with you. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 31 In the following spelling-lessons, the vowel -sounds are alike in all the words in each section, the first word in the section, being the key to all the others. The number over that word denotes the vowel-sound according to the Key; on pages 11, 12. SECTION XVII. LESSON I. Bay fay jay stay spray bray flay lay pray stay clay fray may ray stray cray m nay say sway day gray pay slay tray dray hay play LESSON splay II. way ail jail sail aid aim bail mail snail braid claim fail nail tail laid maim flail pail trail maid bait frail rail vail paid trait hail quail wail LESSON staid HI. wait cain rain stain plaint brain fain vain swain quaint drain gain wain faint maize grain lain chain paint praise sprain main plain saint raise strain pain slain taint chaise train We must hate no one ; but love and do good to all ; and love them that do not love us. Be just and kind to all men. 32 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOS. LESSON IV. haste they bathe brake rake haste prey lathe drake sake paste whey swathe flake shake waste break aim hake slake hass steak claim lake stake safe great maim LESSON quake V. take blame game bane ape taste came lame cane cape chaste dame name fane crape nape fame same lane grape rape flame shame mane shape dane frame tame plane LESSON tape VI. waif brave nave stave braze haze cave pave wave craze maze crave rave base daze raze gave save case gaze change grave shave chase glaze ran^-e lave slave blaze graze strange SECTION XVIII Best chest jest crest nest quest rest quell test spell belt hem pence felt stem bench melt them clench pelt fence drench dwelt hence quench PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 33 SECTION XIX. LESSON I. Flash thrash rasp knap fast clash trash sera p knag last crash mast catch vat chance dash asp dance chant snatch gash clasp valve quack latch hash gasp gnat blast scalp smash hasp LESSON II. dam swam lamp slab sand ham camp stamp and stand ram cramp tramp band brand cram champ vamp hand gland dram clamp blab land grand sham damp crab LESSON rand III. strand bang clang drank lass cash fang twang frank mass lash gang bank flank pass bash hang lank plank brass rash rang rank prank class sash sang blank shank grass mash tans crank z/iank glass slash God makes the grass to grow, And the trees to yield their fruits ; He makes the clouds and the rain, And walks on the wings of the wind. Keep at a distance from all bad boys. 34 PRACTICAL SPELLINC-EOOS. SECTION XX. LESSON I. Boat oak coast goad coal coat choak roast load foal oat cloak Toast. road god moat soak broach toad shoal goat boast coach LESSON woad II. loaf blow know bow blows blown flow snow bows flows flown glow show low glows grown slow shows mow knows mown crow st row row bowl sown grow tkmw rows LESSON own III. thrown scold known door four gourd rogue loan floor court coarse vogue loans forth soul course home moan worn bourn source globe moans cores mourn douj^h robes groan SI roar mould though ECTION XXI. 10 Bump bung gulf burn curve clump clung gulp churn bulk hump . hung pulp spurn hulk lump lung duck turn husk mump rung luck curb musk plump stung pluck curd rusk pump strung buzz curl tusk PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 35 SECTION XXII. By v ] y pry fie pies fy sly spry hie skies my spy wry cries spies shy cry sty eves ties thy dry eye files tries why fry sky lies vies SECTION XXIII* 2 Chirp girl hirth fir whirl girt shirl 'guth firm quirk skirt twirl mirth gird shirk SECTION XXIV. TO Sir birch dirt squirt third stir dii\o-e flirt first thirst bird dirk does shirt word son dove world ton doth glove work worm one front love wort worse done wont shove worst blood none bomb come worth flood scourge rhomb some mounch * Orthoepists differ respecting (he pronunciation of the words in this section. The i in these words ought to have the sound of e in tnror. Any one may be convinced of this, u.s regards the word clary^ by listening to the notes of the robin. 36 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XXV. LESSON I. Vane bate fane nay ate vain bait fein neigh eight vein wane feign main waist rain wain faint mane waste rein pane feint great pray reign pain raise grate prey dane~ made raze wait bay deign maid LESSON II. weight bey way stake #aol male vale weigh steak jail mail vail whey brake hale pale veil slay break hail pail wale sley g a 3* e sale tale wail sleigh gau£e sail LESSON III. tail whale bare rare snare lair pear care tare spare pair swear dare ware square stair tear fare flare aii- stairs wear hare glare chair heir there mare scare hair their where pare share fair bear * In the words of this lesson, the vowel-sound is modified by the r which follow? it. It is the sound No. 1, rendered a little obscure, and slightiy deviating towards No. 4. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 37 SECTION XXVI. Bread read breast sweat friend bred red dealt threat feoff dead f A rend he/dltk sex next head stead wealth vex text spread said death realm vext tread sap breath cleanse SECTION XXVII. LESSON I. 5 Fault caught bought ought nought vauit naught brought sought cau.se aught taught fought bought pause LESSON II. bald halt swarm frand claws scald torch laud false draws salt want daub clause hawk malt cord taunt haul maul scorch warp vaunt faun laws Ten cents make one dime ; ten dimes make one dollar ; ten dollars make one eagte. One dollar is worth one hundred cents. Fif- ty cents are worth half a dollar. Five dol- lars are equal to half an eagle. Ten mills make one cent. We have no piece of money so small as a mill. 38 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XXVIII. Swan loth pomp off song swamp moth romp scoff wrong notch wroth sock dodge boss scotch bond stock lodge moss broth fond font long ross cloth pond SE< odds throng IX. gone 2TION XX LESSON I. Pea seam fream seal ease flea steam scream steal please sea team stream teal tease yea gleam deal veal breed beam cream heal weal freed ream dream meal LESSON II. zeal eat seat beak speak rear beat teat leak streak tear feat cheat peak ear year heat wheat weak fear clear meat bleat bleak hear spear peat treat freak LESSON III. near shear field fierce seize brief grieve shield pierce seine chief thief wield tierce ceil fief thieve yield v shriek teil grief fiend PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 39 LESSON IV. beach preach bead meed plea bleach reach lead seed plead breach teach read wheel greet leach .breech tead squeal sleet peach leech lea theme sweet LESSON V. breeze cheap breathe east cease freeze heap heath beast crease sneeze leap shea^ feast lease squeeze reap sheathe least niece frieze sweeps wreath priest peace please weeps teeth geese piece LESSON VI. deems streams bean mean leave seems beads clean mien sleeve teems reads dean wean sleeves beams league glean cleave beans reams liege SEC lean heave [X. means ITION X3 LESSON I. Swing think guilt hitch wisp give chink quilt pitch ipith live disk kiss pink him been %. bilge inn swim gilt brig ditch risk trim spilt rig itch six whim 40 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. LESSON II. big miss nymph pig this dig hiss hymn crisp witch lisp stitch slip mix clink fix smith lift wig- dish gift fish sift film wish SECTION XXXI. LESSON I. Thine rive white fife^ high twine guile write knife nigh swine isle pipe life bri be whine wile ri pe wife scribe dive while snipe child tribe five style wi pe mild hives hive rhyme why LESSON II. wild lives twice grind fire squire bright clime size hire spire fight climb prize ire lyre flight chime live mire pyre plight wind wise wire bight tight blind dire quire blight Girls and boys should work when they can, and try to learn all they can. Good boys and good «irls sav good words. A good child will not cheat in play. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 41 SECTION XXXII. In the following examples, of words promiscuously arranged, but somewhat similar in appearance or in sound, the learner should be thoroughly exercised. This section should be omit- ted until the learner has been through the whole book once, at least. LESSON I. Naught draught you nought drought young e-nough dough youth knot wrought morn not board moan bought trough trough tough though taught thox-ough. bor-ough throat bough note broad mourn laugh LESSON II . court cause plough fought south count gourd rough fraught soup caught ground touch ought soap cough groat hxoth sought swarm course goat brought source swan coarse SEC bought XIII. TION XX Words in which long and short Vowel-Sounds are contrasted. Bat mat hath cleft met bate mate bathe cleave meet fat pat hiezih left net fate pate breathe leave neat hat rat hth theft pet hate rate lathe thieve peat 42 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XXXIV. WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. Sound of A in Gate, and I in Ship. 1 8 A pril ra dix main ly pas ty cam brie ga ming dain ty plain ly da tive la ding gayty safe ly gra tis sha ding gra vy tas ty na tive chaste ly has ty cha ry pa pist era zy lady vary plain tive dai ly na vy wa ry Sound of Ft in Pen, and I in Ship. 2 8 Blem ish en try heav y per ry per ish gen try read y pen cil rel ish emp ty stead y per il crev ice plen ty very ten dril hec tic twen ty ed dy gen tile skep tic en vy friend ly ster ile dress ing cred it J el J y mes sage end ing ex it ma ny sher iff ner ring mer it pen ny friend ship wed ding lev el cher ry vel vet res in ves sel mer ry den tist Sound of A in A rm, and I in Ship. 3 8 Mar gin far ming tar dy heart y mar ket tar nish star ry par ley part ing var nish bar ley pars ley bar gain car nage par ty part ly far thing ar my arm ing mark ing PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Sound of A in Fan, and I in Ship. 43 Ban ish hatch et rab bit am ply bap tist Ian cet rad ish angry cap tive a cid Ian guage man age rag ged rap id bran dy can dy can did mar ria^e san guine car ry bas ket mas tiff sat in gal ley blan ket ma trice satch el hap py cap tain max im tran quil mar ry cav il clas sic pack et pal ette trav el ash es pan try ral ly gam brel ac tive gas trie par ish pan el pas sage bag gage cab in cab bage tally tab by dally grav el val id hab it pas sive plan tain plan et mas sive san dy al ley dan dy tan sy tran sit Sound of A in Ball or O in Horse, and I in Ship. 5 8 Corn mill for feit mor bid gau dy tor pid sau cy warm ing storm y or bit morn ing draw ing haugh ty tor tive mor sel form ing taw ny cor nice mor tice faul ty dawn ing Boys and girls talk and laugh. Some bad boys tell lies, and swear. Lies are bad words. Swearing is taking God's holy name in vain, or using it lightly. Good boys will not use bad language. Come to me, Charles. Come and read. 44 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Sound of A in Watch or O in Dog, and I in Ship. 6 8 Rob in sol id ton ic sor rel top ic tor rid op tic vom it wal let com et hor rid of fice prof it or ange prom ise col ic Sound of I in Ship, 8 8 Fin ish civ il in stinct chim ney chil ly cit y lily gipsy kid ney pret ty privy liv ing mim ic min strel chi.s el mis chief mit tens com ic con ic con flict cos tive flor id frol ic gob lin prov ince in both Sylla phys ic pil grim rig ging riv et skil let spir it vis it vil \age pil \age sor ry dros sy drop sy bod y copy hob by lofty pon tiff bles. vie tim vin tage vis age pig eon rich es syr mge chick en im age mid riff Sound of U in Drum, and I in 10 8 Cim ning cul prit ~ bur nish cudgel cur tain flour ish buf fet lov ing muffin mul let mus ket mus lin pub lie pub lish pump kin pun ish sul len ton nage trum pet tun nel wor ship just ly dus ty dus ky coun try come ly hur ry jour ney love ly mon ey Ship. mud dy mon day dir ty wor thy stud y sul ky thix ty tur key put ty sun ny PRACTICAL SPELLING-COOK. 45 Sound of A in Fan, and U in Drum. 4 10 Hand cuff par rot salm on al um crack er dam ask fac tor ham mer gam mon hand some slan der Ian tern pat tern mm ner mat ter pin ^cl- ean non can on plant er pi it ter ran dom ran som ram mer sax on t iv ern wax work dag ger gal Ion gam ut scaf fold af ter am ber an ger an swer back wards bal lot blad der can cer can dor cank er clam or drag on gal lows gan der Sound ofE in Pen, and U in Drum. Vel lum jeal ous Jem on leath er leg er let ter mel on mem ber ped ler pep per heif er sec tor fel on ren der sec ond shel ter shep herd slen der tern per ten der ven om weath er wel come west ward weth er ten don gen der flee tor bel lows ter ror er ror el der dres ser spec tre beg gar bed lam trench er sel dom mel ons wheth er Sound of I in Ship, and U in Drum R 10 In flux in suit king dom in w ird symp torn i rig or prim er vie tor cin ders pis tol pis ton sym bol cym bal silk worm wis dom quiv er mil ler pil lar sil ver 46 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XXXV. WORDS ACCENTED ON THE SECOND SYLLABLE. Sound of A in Fan, and A in Gate. 4 1 At tain a vail trans late ar ray at taint a base a wait as tray ab stain ac quaint a bate a way as sail a wake al lay cas cade Sound of A in Fan, and I in Ship. 4 8 Ad mit a miss trans mit af flict as sist a byss ad diet af fix Sound of A in Fan, and E iw Pen. 4 2 At tend ad dress a breast a gain as sent as sess a mend a gainst as cent ca ress as cend a head ac cept ar rest tran scend a bet a dept at test ac cess ca det Sound of I in Ship, and E in Pen. 8 2 Im pel in tense im pend in fest im mense dis pense in vent in ject dis sect in cense dis tend in spect in feet in tend im press dis tress in fleet in stead in vest dis pel Sound of I in Ship, and I in Pipe. 8 13 Im ply in spire ig nite di vide in scribe in vite in cite dis lik< im bibe in cline dis guise dif fide PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 47 Sound of E and EE in Be and Tree, and I in Pipe. Defy de scribe re vile be hind de ny pre scribe be guile de sire rely de vice de file re tire re ply di vide de fine re quire de ride re cite de cline re quite be side de light re cline de sign pre side de vise re pine re sign de cide pre mise re mind re side Sound of I in Ship, and O in Comb. 8 9 In voke dis close im plore dis pose im port - dis own dis course dis robe in close im pose mis quote with hold Sound of A in Fan, and I in Pine. 4 13 Man kind a side ad mire ad vise ap ply ad vice as pire a like as cribe as sign tran spire a rise tran scribe at tire af fright sa line a bide ac quire a stride ca nine The lightning plays along the sky, The thunder rolls, and bursts from high ! Jehovah's voice, amid the storm, Is heard ; methinks I see His form, As, riding on the clouds of even, He spreads His glory o'er the heaven. A good boy will try to learn to read. 43 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XXXVI. WORDS ACCENTED ON THE FIRST SYLLABLE. In this section, the vowel -sound of the accented syllabic only is marked. Sound of A in Gate. 1 Ba ker lame ness sa tan ta per ma ker great ness save all tra der ta ker aged a corn paint er name sake a gent paste board strain er va cate la tent rain bow ra zor play mate ja cent hail stone tai lor may day ca deuce fa mo us sai lor pay day ca ret ra mous trai tor straight way la bel hein ous wait er sales man brace let va por vva fer states man safeguard la bor ma tron states men way mark neigh bor pa tron sta men pha lanx fa vor jail er pave ment fra grant qua ver play ful pay ment fla grant sa vor waste ful rai ment va grant ma jor grace ful da ted va cant may or grate ful ha ted claim ant man ger shame ful ha tred pa gan dan ger ba sis ma ted na sal s tran ger label sa cred fa tal cham ber shapeless case ment pa pal pa per la ver an gel stra ta sera per era zy a pex dra ma ran ger lazy Here is a new book ; j&o not tqar it. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Sound of E in Pen. 2 Mem brane bles sed men tal hen roost head way des ert pleas ant hen coop we I fare es sence ser apli peg top es say fresh et stead fast el fin em Mem reb el her aid em press bed stead rest less tres pass read y bell rope sen tence hem lock ex it fresh ness tern pest ten fold stead y pref ace lev el fel low cher ub prel ate rev el el bow cen sus pres ent * pen man mel low me as ure pres ence den tal mead o\v pleas ure head long med a I bed room elf ish head strong break fast edge tool self ish spend ih rift rent al bel low wel kin Sound of A in Fats. 4 Hap less as pen sal ad can vass hatch et ban quet sash es an tic latch et chan nel scan dal fran tic ratch et pan el bal a nee ran cid ham let chap el bal lad bran dish fan cy chap let bal last stan dish pan cake clar et gal lant tran script sad ness dam .sel gam bol tran quil tan gent grav el gram mar man ly tas sel trav el ham mer gan der tram mel parn phlet man na pan der ash es hang man pal ate pam per as pect mat rass 5 stag nant scam per 50 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Sauce pan dor mant mor tal quad rant or phan for tress cor net tor ment law ful law less law yer fault less Sound of A in Ball. quad rate al way war fare war like al so ward robe al most wal nut sau cer saw dust talk er thral dom cor ner quar ter au thor au tiimn awk ward bal sam bor der daugh ter al tar al ter fal ter hal ter wa ter or der slaugh ter quar to aw ful pal sy bald ness haw thorn drawl ing awn ing dawn ing fawn ing Con vent sol emn tor rent con test con gress col lege con cert for est hon est knowl edge log book log wood lodge ment non sense object prob lem pros pect Sound of O in Dog. block head bor row proph et wal low sock et con sort con cord con stant con tract com pact mor al com ma war rant coffin cof fee cof fer offer mot to grot to con coarse mor row hoi low con duct col umn rob ber wan ton wan der watch word fos ter col lar hon or promp ter bios som hop per bot torn knock er com mon yon der cop per dol lar fond ness sol stice poppy drop sy don key nos trum nos tril f °ggy glos sy goth ic mos sy PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 51 Fe male keep sake fre quent pre cept de cent re cent meek ness weak ness fea ture ea sy pre cept bee hive In mate in grate mid way milk pail in dex in step in suit sys tern Boat man ro man so fa to paz vo cal to tal Sound of gree dy nee dy mere ly sleep er sleep y week ly we a ry phe nix hear ing ze nith se cret feel ing E in Tree. bea ver dream er glean er keep er nei ther ei ther speak er preach er weav er read er fe ver ve to Sound of I in Pin. pig ment in stinct pig my sick ness wit ness six pence gim let ink stand in stant milk pan zig zag wrist band quin tal gum ea witch craft mid riff Sound ofO in Comb. tho rax yeo man lo cal mole hill ro mish sto ic he ro ze ro ne gro beam ing dream ing seem ing steam ing teem ing keep ing reap ing sleep ing weep ing kid nap chil dren li quid liv id tim brel wick ed fit ness in road bo ding clo thing lone some home spun whole some fo cal shoul der vo ter own er po rous mo ment mo tion 52 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Nut meg um bel judge ment cur rent pun ^ent sul phur blun der put ter put ty com pass com fort cov er cov ert cus torn cup board Sound ofV in Drum* cut ter flut ter drum mer drunk ard fur ther gun ner col or hov er hunt er bus band moth ers mur der lun cheon pun cheon num ber pur pose slum ber stir rup sir up smoth er snuf fers sue cor suf fer sum mon sum mer sup per sur geon stur geon ud der shud der tur ban um ber un der won der up wards vul gar thun der turn bier oth er moth er broth er doz en mon key love ly cous in SECTION XXXVII. WORDS ACCENTED ON THE FIRST SYLLABLE. The unaccented syllable in this section has no vowel-sound, and must be learned by imitation. In those words marked with a star, t and c, in the second syllable, are silent. Ta ble ba con peb ble lead en a ble ha ven treb le reck on fable ra ven met tie sev en ga ble bla zen net tie weap on sa ble bla zon set tie heav en ca ble 2 pes tie* leav en era die Med die ket tie les son -, ladle ped die wres tie* les sen sta pie tern pie threat en length en PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 53 strength en han die gin gle stub ble red den man tie shin gle doub le 3 daz zle bris tie* troub le Dark en dam son whis tie* muffle hard en fat ten this tie* muz zle sharp en glad den mid die strug gle par son 6 fiddle shov el spar kle Bot tie rid die mus cle* mar ble stop pie kin die puz zle gar gle top pie spin die buc kle star tie coc kle pic kle sue kle 4 cot ton lit tie coup le An gle of ten* spit tie pur pie man gle 7 whit tie un cle span gle Nee die sim pie but ton stran gle bee tie trip le coz en an kle stee pie crip pie cous in ap pie peo pie crim son 13 baffle ea gle silk en Idle bram ble e vil 9 bri die ram ble e ven Fro zen ri fle am pie dea con gold en tri fle sam pie beat en o pen stifle tram pie trea son spo ken cj cle bat tie sea son 10 ti tie cat tie 8 Crum ble ri pen tat tie Thim ble stum ble fright en rat tie nim ble turn ble bright en sad die wim ble hum ble bi son pad die min gle bun die light en crac kle sin gle shut tie bible rab ble tin gle 5* bub ble tight en 54 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XXXVIII. WORDS ACCENTED ON THE SECOND SYLLABLE. Em brace en gage en rage en tail ere ate de fame de bate e late Neg lect ef feet ex pect ex pel op press pos sess deject de tect ex hale e state ex pense e lect ex plain ex change re late be have ex pend fer ment e rect re fleet en grave ef face de prave de lay ex cept ex eel re ject se lect con tain be tray ex cess re spect for sake for gave de cay de fray ex press per plex be head re cess com plain con strain re pay be lay trans gress com mend re press re dress con vey re lay con tend ce ment de face dis grace of fend e vent re trace dis place cor rect re gret de base mis place col lect re bel de grade e vade in vade dis claim object con demn re pel re head de tail mis take con temn de fence be wail in flame com mence pre tence pre vail dis taste con dense de fend re tail dis play of fence de scend re gale dis may con test pre tend de tain in veigh com press re venge re tain mis name con fess re lent re claim en slave ex tent re pent PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 55 re sent a dapt Allot be reave de press at tack ac cost re ceive be quest a las a dopt be lieve re quest a mass a long re lieve pro ject a bash ab solve be lief fo merit ca bal ab scond dis creet la merit ca nal a non im pede mo lest rat an be long dis ease. subject de tach be jond dis please sus pense de tract de spond 8 sus pend re lax re solve Be gin sue cess re lapse de volve re build 3 re past in volve re strict Re gard re pass dis solve re miss re tard dis band dis lodge de sist de bar with stand be troth re sist re mark im plant be yond re fit de part dis tract re spond e mit de bark 5 re sponse re mit dis card Ap plaud re volt e clipse dis arm ap plause re volve per mit im part ac cord in cog e vince 4 a dorn 7 im print Ex pand re cord Re plete in sist en chant de fraud re cede dis miss en trap re ward de cree in flict en camp be cause de gree dis tinct en act re form pre cede in fringe at tach re tort de feat com mit trans act in stall de crease con vict ad vance in thrall re lease con vince ex panse in form re treat con sist 56 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Trans pose re course al loy up right trans port re source em ploy sub lime ap proach be low en joy un tie a lone be stow em broil un wise a tone 10 enjoin un bind pa role An nul ex ploit un ripe pa trol af front de void un kind a rose a mong de stroy sur mise a dore a bove re coil un wise ex plode a mongst re join sur prise en robe be gun re joice 15 ex port be come 13 Ac count ex pose de duct Com ply an nounce ex plore re pulse com pile a bout con dole in struct con fide a loud com mode in dulge com bine a rouse cor rode in suit con sign a mount com pose dis trust con spire a bound op pose dis gust com prise a round sup pose in trust en tice al low com port mis trust ex pire a vow de note dis cuss en tire re sound re mote 16 en quire de vour re pose An noy ex cite de vout re proach ap point ex cise re nounce de throne a void sub scribe re nown re voke ad join sub side dis mount be hold a noint sup ply re bound A man, who tries to show a great deal of wit, will soon be thought to have but little sound sense. PHACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 57 SECTION XXXIX. REVIEW. In this review the words are not arranged according to their vowel -sounds, nor are the different sounds of g, th, x, s, and ch, indicated. LESSON L WORDS ACCENTED ON THE FIRST SYLLABLE. Ta ble al um bar rel gin ger bow els neu ter blad der din ner foun tain wa fer bran dy win ter quo tient J u r J flan nel tip pet Jus tre bot tie ham mer mis tress skim mer chap ter lad der pitch er moun tain pa rent Ian tern riv er oint ment tal low car bon six pence cli mate ne gro em bers dol lar ty rant bri er pen cil col lar ea sy ci der ves sel rob in ru in fi nal chick en doc tor thim ble spi der crick et bod kin tru ant clo ver chil dren cof fin won der spar row skil let pop lar bo so in mo ment pil low cop per li ar so fa prim er clos et crook ed tu mult tim ber sor rel era die chis el i ron snuf fers gloom y sis ter gim let a pron fruit ful cis tern in fant or ange bru tish an vil in sect pot ash bri die flan nel lin en plum met fuel at las pin cers trum pet 58 PRACTICAL SPELLING BOOK. du el hun dred hus band mus tard lus tring but ter hon ey mon ey pil low moth er broth er chim ney cher ry morn ing ap pie cat tie ox en sau cer shov el can die gar den win dow er rand hem lock fore top mel low cin ders med al en try din ner gar ment kit ten lem on liv er mar ble pres ent pup py putty pep per thun der pin cers rid die riv er ruffle twen ty ver y mur mur ci der tory rail road stage coach sil ver LESSON II. WORDS ACCENTED ON THE SECOND bal loon ga zette Ad vise trans plant a rise a way com plaint con tain trans late mam ma pa pa e clipse my self be low de lay re form re ward e squire e steem o blige in tense SYLLABLE. un done ex plain gen teel ter rene for get a loud up right A kind reply to harsh words, is the most severe revenge. Flattery is a coin which passes well enough among fools. When we are flattered, we hear what we ought to be, rather than what we are. We should try to be as good as we are told we are. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 59 SECTION XL. WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST, WITH A SLIGHT ACCENT ON THE THIRD.* In this section, i, in the second syllable, has the same sound which it has in pin; and u, in the same syllable, has the sound of u in flute. The following are examples of wrong pronunciation, which is often caused by the teacher, when he pronounces the words to his classes ; allowing the i in pine to slide into the sound of u in tub : — Pronounced, by an ignorant teacher, can dl date van I tee ter ri ble ed de cate can di date van i ty ter ri ble ed u cate Let the child By the scholar pronounced can dud ate van nut tee ter rub ble ed de cate taught to avoid such vulgar errors. An te date ab di cate al li gate an i mate can di date cap ti vate cas ti gate fab ri cate grav i tate nav i gate pal li ate pal pi tate iad i cate fas ci nate ag i tate as pi rate Am i ty cav i ty char i ty chas ti ty fam i ly grav i ty rar i ty san i ty van i ty 4 14 Al ti tude ap ti tude at tri bute grat i tude nab i tade lat i tude mag ni tude 4 4 Cap i tal can ni bal al ge bra an i mal ad mi ral dal li ance lam i na prac tic al rad ic al stam in a an te past 4 8 Man u script mas cu line * When e does not lengthen the preceding vowel in the final syllable, it is printed in Italic, except in pie, final. 60 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. En e my Com pli cate Cal cu late elegy nom in ate grad u ate des ti ny ob stin ate ac cu rate ef fi gy ob vi ate am pu tate en mi ty ob li gite 6 1 en ti ty om i nate Con ju gate ter ri bly 2 2 mod u late len i ty Ten e ment 4 4 ver i ly pen i tent Grad u al brev i ty . det ri ment an nu al den si ty em i nent man u al her e sy ep i Ihet ad ju tant 8 2 ev i dent 6 4 Im pie ment mer ri ment Conju gal im mi nent neg li gent oc u lar in ci dent pes ti lent pop u lar in di gent res i dent glob u lar in n* del sed i ment joe u lar dif fi dence sen ti nel 2 10 dil i gence em i nence Stren u ous fif ti elh ev i dence sed u lous gid di ness ex i gence em u lous in di gence pen i tence 6 2 in ci dence pes ti lence Op u lent lin i ment pres i dent doc u ment 8 13 reg i men mon u ment Dig ni fy res i deuce quad ru ped sig ni fy spe ci men 8 1 vil i fy 2 1 Stim u late viv i fy Reg u late stip u late vit ri fy spec u late in te grate sim pli fy em u. Jate prin ci pate PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 61 SECTION XLI. WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. In this section, the pronunciation of the accented syllable, only , is marked. Ta ble cloth a gen cy va can cy bra ve ry grate fill ly fla gran cy fra gran cy pa tri ot ra di us dan ger ous g a y. e ty la zi ness pa per mill ca pa ble sla ve ry va ri ance ra di ate blame a ble change a ble 2 Des ti ny det ri ment ed i fice ed it or effigy em i nent en er gy "ex eel lent mes sen ger sen ti ment em pe ror mel o dy met/i o dist rem e dy rel a tive sen a tor tes ta ment neg a tive es ti mate gen e rate tes ti fy re ci pe her e sy el e ment el o quent gen e ral spec u late tel e scope em i nence ven i 5on e qui ty ev i dence heav en ly jeal ous y med i cine mem or y neg li gence pres ent ly reg is ter res i dence re qui site em pha sis rec om pense prev a lence hem i sphere el o quence de ci mal gen tie man spher i cal rec on cile sep a rate el e gance el e pliant tel e graph 3 Har bin ger ar bi ter ar ti cle 62 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. mar gin al ar ti flee heart i ly phar ma cy ar gu merit guar di an 4 Cal i co at tri bute an ec dote mag ni fy can die stick sat is fy ap pe tite al co hoi ban ish ment cab i net char i ty fam i ly man i fest ad mi ral 5 Al ma nac for ti fy for ti tude mor ti fy or di nate fal si fy al der man or di nance laud a ble talk a tive 8 Min is ter min is try mil li ner prin ci pie trin i ty vis i ble wil der ness bit ter ness cit i zen in fan cy dig ni ty in di go rid i cule in no cent hin der ance in ter val min er al in te gral dis ci pline cyl in der dif fer ence his to ry sym pa thy pyr a mid 14 Mu ti ny nu mer ous nu tn ment u ni ty u ni verse cu ra ble lu era tive mu ta ble pu ri fy beau ti ful ju ve nile pleu ri sy eu lo gj du ra ble suit a ble pu e rile stu di ous ii * Move a ble fool ish ness 14 Ru di ment* cru el ty scru ti ny cru ci ble ru mi nate 9 Glo ri ous ho li ness o pi urn po et ry no ble man * Mr. Walker pronounces this class of words as if u had the sound of o in move. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 63 o di ous o di um o pen ing 10 But ter fly mul ber ry pun ish ment ur gen cy cus torn er sub stan tive sum ma ry cul ti vate mul ti ply mul ti tude pub li can come li ness col or ing com fort er cov er in£ cov et ous nur ser y com pa ny con sta ble pul ver ize col an der cour te sy cov e nant 6 Bot a ny or a cle prob a ble con tra ry pos i tive con se crate ob li gate por ce lain prom i nent con ti nent con fi dence prov i dence pros per ous con sti tute Ion gi tude sol i tude con tra band log a rithms vol a tile cop per as op po site lot ter y prop er ty mod es ty mon i tor of fi cer ob vi ous oc cu py prop a gate pros e lyte tol er ate con ju gate or a tor ox y o-en op er ate cod i cil or i gin pol i tics E qui nox ge ni us me di um pe ri od re qui em pre mi um peace a ble peace a bly peace ful ness de cen cy e ven ing re gen cy wea ri ness sea son ing fre quent ly fe ver ish hea then ish rea son ing re al ly te di ous seem ing ly 13 Piety vi o late vi o let i ron y ni tro gen mi cro scope di a lect di a gram vi o lence vi o lent hy dro gen 64 Practical spelling-book. SECTION XLII. WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, THE SECOND. 1 ;. Ac quaint ance tor pe do ere a tor e qua tor - re main der ap prais er spec ta tor dis a ble sur vej or a bate ment ar range ment ar ca nura po ma turn ver ba tim vol ca no tor na do po ta to oc ta vo mo 5a ic pro 5a ic tes ta tor im peach ment ly ce um se ce der in he rent co he rent mu se um pan the on de mean or 13 De ci pher a sy lum de ci sive en light en en vi ron dis ci pie in qui ry sub scri ber re ci tal re qui tal pro fane ness re pri sal en dan gex re vi sal dis grace ful Re deem er ap pear ance ca the dral be liev er de ceiv er de ceit ful ex cise man de vi ser di vi sor pro vi so in vi ting ho ri zon un mind ful de ni al ACCENTED ON 9 Cor ro sive so no rous de co rum oc to ber he ro ic en gross ment re mote ness 14 De lu sive a bu sive tri bu nal dif fu sive il lu sive re fu sal pol lu ted ex clu sive in hu man ob du rate in clu sive 4 As sas sin at trac tive de tach ment e las tic a ban don in hab it pe dan tic ro man tic dra mat ic fa nat ic PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 65 Re mem brance Im por tant Ac cus torn re sem blance per form ance tri umph ant ail then tic de fend ant de scend ant re pen tance di lem ma pre cep tor re mem ber de cep tive de fen sive re venge ml re fresh ment re sent ment en deav or in tes tine dis sem ble to ge^i er in ven tive in dent ure ex ces sive ac cept ance an oth er dis cov er pro mul gate con sump tive 8 Re mit tance re sis tance a bridge ment vin die tive con sid er a bor tive dis or der im mor tal in form a] in form er in form ing mis for tune 6 De mol ish de pos it ac knowl edge con sis tent a dop ted sub mis sive a pos tate e clip tic re mon strate pro lif ic re mon strance in trin sic a bol ish un skil ful as ton ish in sip id a pos tie e lix ir im post ure de liv er de mon strate af flic tive We should be careful not to think ourselves better than we really are, nor believe others to be worse than they are. Tricks and deceit are practised by fools, who have not sense enough to be honest. It is easy to tell one lie, but it is hard to tell only one. One lie requires ten more to maintain it, and those ten a hundred more to support them. 6* 66 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. WORDS OF SECTION XLIII. THREE SYLLABLES, THE THIRD. En ter tain ap per tain as cer tain can non ade o ver take dis en gage ser e nade lem on ade am bus cade in ter change un der take o ver rate bal us trade mis be have 13 Ad ver tise cir cum scribe co in cide im po lite un der line in ter line su per scribe En gi neer in com plete guar an tee mag a zine gren a dier pri va teer dis ap pear in ter cede in ter vene vol un teer bom ba sin un be lief su per sede in ter weave in ter fere in sin cere per se vere su per vene dis e steem dis a gree in dis creet ACCENTED ON 2 Rep re sent rep re hend dis re spect un der sell rec om mend 9 De com pose in ter pose dis com mode ev er more 14 Im por tune im ma ture pre ma ture in tro duce 8 In ter mix in dis tinct in ter diet vi o lin con tra diet man u mit Which is the accented syllable ? sound has it ? What We can tell lies by our looks, as well as by our words. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 67 Words in which Tion, Sion, Cion, and Cian, are pronounced Shun. SECTION XLIV. WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. Na tion ra tion sta tion gre cian lo tion mo tion no tion po tion por tion pen sion ten sion men tion lee tion sec tion ver sion ac tion fac tion frac tion cap tion man sion cau tion auc tion tor sion mis sion die tion fie tion fric tion SECTION XLV. WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON Va ca tion sal va tion e qua tion temp ta tion pro ba tion quo ta tion lo ca tion no ta tion ro ta tion vo ca tion in fla tion ob la tion THE SECOND. pros tra tion trans la tion for ma tion stag na tion nar ra tion mi gra tion vi bra tion o ra tion du ra tion ci ta tion sen sa tion die ta tion plan ta tion tax a tion 2 Af fee tion ag gres sion at ten tion trans gres sion de cep tion di rec tion* di ges tion* di gres sion* di men sion* * In the first syllable of these words, i has the same sound as in pin. The teacher should be very careful not to pronounce it long, as in pipe. 68 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. de jec tion de clen sion re cep tion re demp tion com plex ion con fes sion se lee tion con nee tion re flee tion in flee tion sub jec tion in fee tion pro tec tion cor rec tion ex cep tion in ven tion 8 Pre die tion af flic tion con vie tion dis tine tion pre scrip tion pro scrip tion re stric tion nu tri tion mu ni tion fru i tion tu i tion po si tion pe ti tion se di tion e di tion ad di tion am bi tion ad mis sion per mis sion in scrip tion sub scrip tion par ti tion in flic tion 9 De vo tion e mo tion pro por tion com mo tion ap por tion pro mo tion 14 Pol lu tion so lu tion ab lu tion 4 At trac tion de trac tion in frac tion dis trac tion trans ac tion re frac tion ab strac tion sub trac tion com pas sion im pas sion ex pan sion ex trac tion Cor rup tion e rup tion re due tion com punc tion de due tion in due tion in struc tion pro due tion de struc tion ob struc tion con struc tion con junc tion in junc tion ab due tion com pul sion ex pul sion con vul sion re pul sion dis cus sion per cus sion ex cur sion in cur sion 7 Com pie tion de pie tion se ere tion con ere tion 5 Ex tor tion con tor tion dis tor tion pre cau tion PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 69 SECTION XLVI. WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. When i follows the accent, it has the same sound as in ship. The teacher should be careful to observe this rule. 1 A mi a ble ex eel len cy va ri a ble gen er ous ly pa tri ot ism veg et a ble fa vor a ble rev er ent ly va ri ous ly leg is la tive 4 ef n* ca cy Ap pli ca ble e qui ta ble nav i ga ble es ti ma ble ad mi ra ble nee es sa ry am i ca ble gen er al ly char i ta ble tes ti mo ny tab er na cle feb ra a ry ac cu ra cy 8 al le go ry Dil i gent ly an nu al ly im pi ous ly jan u a. ry in fi nite ly sal u ta ry in no cent ly prac ti ca ble in ti mate ly 2 crim in al ly Rev o ca ble mis sion a ry des pi ca ble mis er a ble del i ca cy 6 spec u la live _ Tol er a ble pref er a ble prof it a ble ven er a ble hos pit a ble tern per a ture com men ta ry em in ent ly con se quent ly ev i dent ly mon i to ry 70 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XL VII. WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. In these words, where i occurs, in the third syllable, it should have its short sound, as in ship. Spon ta ne ous pre ca ri ous ter ra que ous out rage ous ly li bra ri an a ma zing ly com pla cen cy trans pa ren cy gram ma ri an 7 A gree a ble e the re al im pe ri ous mys te ri ous in ge ni ous pos te ri or 9 No to ri ous com mo di ous har mo ni ous la bo ri ous de plo ra ble er ro ne ous vic-to ri ous 14 Ob scu ri ty com mu ni ty com mu ni cate ex cu 5a ble pe nu ri ous an nu i ty ma tu ri ty 4 Mag nan im ous a nal o gous a nal y sis e van ge list em phat ic al ex trav a gant ty ran nic al mis an thro py com par a tive com par i son u nan im ous co ag u late 2 Ac cep ta ble af fee tion ate pa ren the sis be nev o lence e phem e ris re cep ta cle re spec ta ble per cep ti ble ex ter mi nate im per a tive PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 71 in flex i ble in sen si ble in her i tance in tern per ance po et ic al sus cep ti ble 8 Le git i mate re crim in ate ar tic u late a nth me tic mag nif i cent e pit o me ri die u lous* si mil i tude* in vis i ble po lit ic al pro mis cu ous vo cif er ous so lil o quy con spic u ous con tig u ous con spir a cy s A bom in ate Br non y mous au then i ty a poc a lypse a poc ry pha a pos tro phe de mon stra ble re spon si ble con com i tant the oc ra cy the ol o gy e qual i ty ge om e try hy poc ri sy phe nom e non rhe tor ic al thex mom e ter dis con so late 10 Cir cum fer ence al ter na tive re cov er y re sus ci tate dis cov er y il lus tri ous in dus tri ous en cour age ment dis cour age ment en cour ag ing dis col or ing dis cour te ous tri um phant ly com bus ti ble con struct \ve ness de struct i ble de struc tive ness * J, in the first syllable of these words, is short, as in pin. 72 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION XLVIII. WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIRD. 1 Al ter a tion per spi ra tion ac cu 5a tion res pi ra tion ad mi ra tion rev e la tion an i ma tion trep i da tion ap pli ca tion des o la tion nav i ga tion ren o va tion hab i ta tion rep ro ba tion ad o ra tion res to ra tion av o ca tion rev o ca tion ap pro ba tion em u la tion af ri da vit ref u ta tion trans por ta tion rep u ta tion me di a tor ex pec ta tion dem on stra tion ex tir pa tion dec la ma tion gen er a tion dec la ra tion prep ar a tion deg ra da tion ven er a tion def a ma tion res er va tion ex ha la tion ref or ma tion ex pla na tion res ig na tion sep ar a tion per tur ba tion rep ar a tion in cli na tion ded i ca tion con firm a tion dep re da tion con stel la tion der i va tion con ster na tion des ti na tion con tern pla tion em i gra tion ob ser va tion ex pi ra tion con fis ca tion PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 73 proc la ma tion con ju ga tion con so la tion cor o na tion prov o ca tion pub li ca tion sup pli ca tion 4 Ar o mat ic math e mat ics sat is fac tion ben e fac tion ben e fac tor ev er las ting pu tre fac tion 7 An te ce dent sac ri le gious per se ve ranee hy me ne al in co he rent dis ap pear ance in co he re nee 2 Al to geth er ac ci den tal ap pre hen sion sac ra men tal res ur rec tion en er get ic pred e ces sor in de pend ent o ri en tal or na men tal com pre hen sion con de seen sion fun da men tal 8 Ben e die tion sci en tif ic in con sis tent be a tif ic Christ chrism chasm chyle scheme ache school SECTION XLIX. CA, in this section, sound like k. chron ic ep och arch ives chrome cho rus cha os ech o mon arch schoo ner sched ule chem is tr it we chris tian chrys^ nt stomach arp^^ Christ mas h lach jy yirtuous who pas chal tro chea- 7 74 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION L. In this section, sion is pronounced zhun, and z and s have the force of zh, when preceded by a vowel with the accent, and followed by ia, ie, io, or u long. 1 ef fu sion cor ro sion dif fu sion 2 il lu sion Meas ure ox clu sion pleas ure in tru sion treas ure con tu sion dis pleas ure se clu sion 8 ob tru sion A zure ra zure gra zier bra sier a bra sion e va sion in va sion oc ca sion dis sua sion per sua sion \ 14 \^\i sion delu sion pro fu s. 10n al lu sion af fu sion con clu sion in fu sion Sei zure lei sure 9 Dis clo sure en clo sure ex po sure dis po sure ex plo sion com po sure Col lis ion de cis ion de ris ion pre cis ion pro vis ion re vis ion di vis ion in cis ion ex cis ion re cis ion e lis ion A reproof, modestly given, is a favor, more to be valued than a thousand flatteries. The best wit in the world is seen when -cunmend virtue. - ^'t|iiooften make i^ioney out of the der '^sShsaoften show thoir weakness des ti i^ t |L, em i gra U^ we shall ca tch larks, ex pi ra tion PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 75 SECTION LI. In this section, u, immediately following the accent, should have its full sound, as in tube. The words should be pronounced according to the division of the syllables. 4 2 Lect ure Capt ure rapt ure fract ure stat ure stat ue stat ute act u al act u ate sat u rate nat u ral act u al ly nat u ral ly nat u ral ist stat u a ry 3 Past ure past ur age gest ure vest tire vent ure text ure ed u cate cred u lous pend u lous pend u lum sec u lar 7 Creat ure feat ure 8 Pict ure mixt ure script ure strict ure fix ure fixt ure script u ral rit u al 2 E vent u al con tempt u ous ad vent ur ous con ject u ral ef feet u al im pet u ous per pet u al tem pest u ous e vent u ate de bent ure in dent ure When fools become wise, jugglers will be of no consequence. Time is what we want most, but what we often use worst. No person can be idle and innocent. It takes many things to make us wise. But any one can be good and virtuous who wills to be so. 76 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LII. WORDS OF FIVE SYLLABLES, THE THIRD. 4 Prin ci pal i ty ge o graph ic al reg u lar i ty sim i lar i ty sin gu lar i ty lib er al i ty sys tern at ic al typ o graph ic al hos pi tal i ty pop u lar i ty Ac a dem ic al ar gu merit a tive the o ret ic al rep re sent a tive im per cep ti hie in dis pen sa hie com pre hen si ble 8 In con sid er ate mag na nim i ty u na nim i ty val e die to ry plau si bil i ty fal li bil i ty ACCENTED ON e qui lib ri um per pen die u lar sen si bil i ty hyp o erit ic al ir re sist i ble in con sid er ate vis i bil i ty mon o syl la ble prob a bil i ty Trig o nom e try cu ri os i ty phil o soph ic al et y mol o gy as tro nom ic al 14 Op por tu ni ty am bi gu i ty su per flu i ty ex com mu ni cate per* s pi cu i ty im por tu ni ty con ti gu i ty in con gru i ty per pe tu i ty Think before you promise. It is easier to promise, than to perform. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 77 SECTION LIII. WORDS OF FIVE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FOURTH. Mul ti pli ca tion ab bre vi a tion grat i fi ca tion rat i fi ca tion sane ti fi ca tion ap pro pri a tion ad min is tra tion de n om in a tion de ter min a tion pre des tin a tion e jac u la tion re gen er a tion re tal i a tion cir cum val la tion ed i fi ca tion civ i li za tion sig ni fi ca tion in tox i ca tion for ti fi ca tion or gan i za tion com mem o ra tion con sid er a tion mor ti fi ca tion qual i fi ca tion SECTION LIV. In this section, r, when in an unaccented syllable, and fol- lowed by a vowel, has the power of a consonant, and the sound of y ; as in Saviour, which is pronounced save-yur. Sav iour bill iards Val iant al ien min ion val iant \y braz ier pill ion com pan ion graz ier pin ion bat tal ion al ien ate trill ion 10 al ien able brill iant Cull ion al ien a tion filial scull ion 8 ver mil ion on ion Bill ion pa vil ion 14 mill ion do min ion Un ion bil ious o pin ion com mun ion 7 i 78 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LV. In this section, cious, tious, and ceous, are pronounced shus. Spa cious gra cious vex a tious au da cious sa ga cious fal la cious ca pa cious ra pa cious te na cious vo ra cious lo qua cious ce ta ceous ere ta ceous ve ra cious cms ta ceous her ba ceous 2 Con ten tious sen ten tious li cen tious 8 Fic ti tious pro pi tious fla g\ tious nu tri tious of fi cious se di tious de li cious si li cious ma li cious per ni cious sus pi cious ca pri cious aus pi cious ju di cious 9 Fe ro cious a tro cious pre co cious Death will come at last. The wise and good will not be in any dread of his approach. Life is short, but long enough to prepare for dying peacefully. Wicked men die many times. The good man never tastes death but once. Good boys do not spoil their books. Take pains, and try to read well. Mind the stops. What stop is that ? It is a full stop. Charles has read a page now. This is a page. This is a leaf. A page is one side of a leaf. Now shut the book, and put it by. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 79 SECTION LVI. There are but few simple words in our language. B and M are often prefixes. The teacher should select some simple word, — ice, for instance, — write it on the blackboard, and require the class to write it on their slates. Then write it again, and call the attention of the class to it. Then prefix r. It is then rice. To that, prefix p. It is then price After a class has been exercised with the words in this section, which will occupy them several days, other similar simple words may be selected from the first part of this spelling-book, or from Sections lxiii., lxiv., and lxv. The child should be taught to form words, as soon as he can, without assistance. A few simple words may be written on the blackboard, for the child to begin with. The teacher might call up the class, and give them all the same word, requiring them to prefix and then affix letters. It would be a good plan, to allow each one to make as many words, from one simple one, as he can. From the word ape, for instance, we can have cape, scape, shape, shapen. From ark we can have park, lark, dark, darken, &.c. The scholars should write all the words on their slates. Exercises like these are of much importance. Ace sled nail harm lace ice snail charm place rice rail take race price trail taken grace trice lad braze brace thrice glad brazen rave bake had shake brave baken shad shaken lave grave awl you slave graven crawl your an broke scrawl ate pan broken sprawl late span ear art slate led lear tart plate bled clear start lain fled ail arm slain 80 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. raise park grape end praise shark age lend at spoke rage blend rat spoken hen ell brat ripe then well all ripen aft swell tall eat raft bell stall heat graft smell for cheat ore shape fork wheat core shapen forked ape score ease ark cape pine lease hark scape spine please SECTION LVII. When the child has been thoroughly exercised in the preced- ing section, he may then write on his slate the following words, with all the prefixes that are ever placed before any of them, of which there are several ; as, un, (which is the principal one,) re, en and em, in and im, &c. Only a few words should be taken for a lesson. un do un common un happy deck cover healthy cord deceived heard cork easy hinge cap equal holy broken fasten joint bridle fold just chaste friendly kind chastely graceful lade clouded grateful like comely handy lock PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 81 un lucky un arm un clean make bar cleanly mask believing civil moved belief clog safe bend close seal bidden clothe sound bias clothed told bolt coil spotted born coiled worthy bound concern ripe burden concerned tie cage condemned bind called feeling wind case dress furl ceasing mixed curl chain wrought able chained formed aided claimed sought SECTION LVIII. When the child has been thoroughly exercised in the pre- ceding section, he may then write, on the slate, the following words, with all the suffixes that are ever placed after them, of which there are several; as, ness, (the principal one,) hj, &c. Fit NESS vast NESS old NESS neat slow bold great fair mild sweet numb wild soft dead wicked apt red blessed pert naked bald chaste sad kind 82 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. blind ness rash ness warm ness fond fresh lean sound shy clean good bleak plain loud weak rude slack Y changed into I. like thick giddy • ) giddiness ) feeble sick noble meek heaMy idle dark mhy tame brisk worthy hard small godly hoarse full goodly obtuse ill comely tall still lovely white dull u E ] y black useful holy polite sinful lazy forgive foul heavy stiff calm weary big dim happy rich grim lofty SECTION LIX. The teacher should now call up his class, and write on the blackboard a simple word, then write it again with a suffix, and then again with another suffix; as, for example, fear, fearful, fearfully, fearfulne.ss. Most of the words in this section will admit of several suffixes. Several simple words should then be given to the class, and they should be required to write the derivative words, without the dictation of the teacher. They should be encouraged to write as many derivatives as they can. The teacher should make the proper corrections, when mistakes are committed. It will be well to give, in sue- PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 83 cession, words having different suffixes; as, handful, peacefully, slothfulness , &c, and not in the order in which they are here arranged. Hand ful 1 scorn ful ly spoon mourn mouth wo youth fear venge wonder worship cheer help power peace ful ly success dread distress wake bliss shame doubt bane neglect tune respect care forget FUL NESS ire fret dire delight ful ly use right spite fright waste fruit FUL NESS rue event wrong art ful ly wish boast wrath distrust ful ness mirth mistrust siolh FUL NESS awe sin aw FUL will play ful ly wil FUL LY JOJ FUL LY disdain joy FUL NESS pain blame less 84 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LX. This section is designed particularly for the slate. The child should be taught to fill out all the blank derivatives. . The words in this section admit of many prefixes and suffixes ; as, grace, graceful, gracefully, grace-fulness, ungraceful, ungrace- fulness, ungracefully, graceless, gracclessness, gracious, un- gracious; and so of the others. UN mind ful UN fit NESS grace ful kind grace ful ly fair grace ful ness sound grate like hope happy fe\th happi ness heak/i holy /Aank skill Without the 'prefix Un. fruit care less hurt care less ly law care less ness heed list bought heed need help fear Y changed into I. hope pity life UN pit i FUL shame mercj bound duty woxth worthy rest worthi ness spot Time well spent is sure of its reward. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 85 SECTION LXI. EXERCISE FOR THE BLACKBOARD AND SLATE. The teacher should explain all such words as grave. It means to write, and also the place in which we are buried. Why is it so called ? re bound RE new en rage call P a y large capture place gulf claim turn tomb coil view grave count vile snare course appoint trap fine enact courage form criminate j°y gain EN able slave hear compass case join tangle noble move force Fool use haste fool JSH use FUL hasty fool ISHLY use LESS hasti ly fool ISH NESS use FUL NESS cost folly use FUL LY cost LY full clean ea.se ful LY cleanse easy ful NESS clean ly easi ly brute warm un easy brut ish warm ly un easi ness A life of idleness is a life of sin, 8 86 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LXII. EXERCISE FOR THE BLACKBOARD AND SLATE. Amend ment attach ment oak en entice retrench silk advance establish black commence banish slack enforce astonish drunk agree nourish dark engage manage arrange merry merri ment conceal deep beat wheat enlarge install sweet defile assign straight settle attain shake atone discern shak en retire equip forsake acquire allure encamp endear take mistake measure abase prefer indict wake like amuse resent spoke abate content broke excite oint ripe pave achieve enjoy employ fat fat TEN move concern bite improve command bit TEN amaze invest smite abridge bereave smit ten impeach detach require announce rot rot TEN PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 87 SECTION LXIIL The teacher should pronounce the primitive word, and the scholar should spell all the derivatives, or write them on a slate. The latter method is preferable. Spy hope cry eat spies hoped crying eating spied hoping cried eaten spying hopeful crier eater lie hopefully loud ate lies smoke louder breath lying smoking loudest breathe tie smoked loudly breathing ties toss loudness kind tied tossed run kinder tying tossing runner kindest untie kiss running kindness fly kissed ran kindliness flies kissing fast kindly rob sin faster love robbed sinned fastest lover robber sinner bring loved v_ ..ViV. j ¥-» cr sinning mi5Mi? b play bringing loving calling fill quickest Ipjelv filled filling kill killed playing played player playful quickly draw drawing drawn giving given gift gifts killing playfully drew giver 83 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LXIV. The words in this section are irregular in the formation of their derivatives. The scholar will need considerable assistance in writing them. Be flee show g° being fled showed going been fly showing gone begin flew shown have beginning flying sit haying began flown sat had begun freeze sitting hide bite froze slay hid biter frozen slew hiding bit freezing slaying hidden biting lie slain knit bitten lay spake knitted break lying speak knitting broke lain speaker know breaking ride speakest knowing broken riding speaking knew cXoik cloth'ing clothier dream dreamed dreamer dreamt dreaming rode seeing seen stole stealing stolen taken taker took unseen shake shook shaking shaken swear sware swore swearing sworn write wrote written writer writing PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 89 SECTION LXV. WORDS FROM WHICH MANY DERIVATIVES MAY BE FORMED. Make greedy lau°;h silly j°7 waste mother sharp gentle just hate select form real rise pray adore think favor might faint terror choose patron carry weigh cruel mourn tame offer learn duty rough shade spirit guard move write save offend add simple juice slave believe please deny wise penny forget peace hero credit tread method know legal profit half tempt work shake secret stand vary lose bare create storm virtue buoy brave adorn guilt little proud rain allow boast equal fright praise envy owe divide m help open wool civil SECTION LXVI. NAMES OF PARTS OF THE HUMAN BODY, AND REFERENCES TO SOME OF THEIR FUNCTIONS. Head . £/rinks teeth . . bite eyes . . see lungs . . breathe ears . . hear heart . . beats nose . smells throat . . swal lows month . . eats pal ate . tastes tongue . . speaks 8 * feet . . . walk 90 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Iiv er . se cretes . . . bile lac te ah stom ach i . . . . con vey di gests . . . . chyle . . food gas tric^ uice . . dis solves . . . food skull chin chew mus cles haii- neck glands toe fat nerves mem brane el bow back toes skin an kle breast bone hreath cu tis arms bones Plumbs i ris wrist nails lobes mar row hand veins shoul der ab do men foot blood fore arm ar te ries shin spine mu cus era ni urn leg face tho rax sa li va knee cheeks fin gers ret i na heel jaw SEC la rynx ep i der mis TION LXVII. NAMES OF THINGS WHICH ARE EATEN. Beef pork peas oys ters mel ons ap pies cab bao-e plums veal rai sins rice rad ish es lamb bread clams beans mut ton cheese figs lob sters fowl fish ham corn but ter milk egg* cu cum hon ey pears sug ar peach es po ta toes squash bers beets pump kin PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 91 SECTION LXVIII. NAMES OF THINGS BOUGHT AT THE SHOPS Calico mittens pencils muslin lace handkerchiefs cravats crayons glass ZAread buttons needles tabby lustring; cassimere, or chalk soap starch Wimbles shawls kerseymere cambric cordage madder bonnets tape satinet dimity powder shot wine tea souchong* silks hose velvet paper quills varnish hyson bohea chocolate umbrella salt cocoaf wadding knives coffee gloves shoes forks nails g'mger mace stockings screws spice SECTION LXIX. NAMES OF TREES AND PLANTS. As pen pep per pot am a ran//i but ter cup co lum bine el der g\\ \y flow er i ris ivy li lac lu pine myr tie Pronounced soo shong. t Co co. 92 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. pink car a way stra mo ni um rose ma ry cat nip sweet bri er al oes dan de li on wheat bal sam gen tian oats blue ber ry rasp ber ry bean al der pen ny roy al ma pie but ter nut broom corn ash bone set cam o mile peach cay enne dai sy su mach pep per ge ra ni um silk weed co lum bo clo ver sas sa fras g™ ge* hoi ly rose ver vain rhu barb lau rel thyme pep per mint lem on wood bine star wort lo cust bar ley car na tion saf fron mil let cow slip night shade to ma to flax prim rose beech grape an gel i ca pine hoi ly hock an ise fir jon quil bay tree rice lav en der this tie tan sy Hly blood root spike nard mar i gold bur dock sor rel net tie cin na mon tu lip poppy cher ry yar row sage elm rye ser pen ta ri a gold thread spruce balm spear mint birch black ber ry sweet flag wal nut box wood sun flow er ce dar brake straw ber ry oak PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 9d SECTION LXX.* SIMPLE CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. Not Metallic. Ox y gen phos pho rus i o dine hy dro gen bo ron bro mine ni tro gen se le ni am flu o rine car bon chlo line sil i con sul phur Metallic Substances. Po tas si um cad mi um so di um chro mi um lith i um ce ri um ba ri um rho di um stron ti um os mi um cal ci um pla ti num mag ne si um tin al u min um zinc glu cin i um gold co ium bi um ver « ra ni um ??P P er titani um ,s mutil tel Ju ri um tUn £ sten PaJ la di um °° , ba,t i rid i um ™ ck eJ la ta ni um 2 ron v a na di um ar se nic Jt rri um man . g a nese tn o ri um an ** mo ny D ^e„ tsoundsof ^rcury "*"•*• ««.»«•*, not indicated . 94 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LXXI. ACIDS USED IN CHEMISTRY, WITH THE SALTS WHICH THEY FORM. Sul phu rous sul phite sul phu ric sul phate ni trous . . . ni trite ni trie ......... ni trate chlo ric ehlo rate i od ic i o date phos pho rous ...... phos phite phos phor ic phos phate ar se ni ous ar se nite ar se nic ar se nate chro mic chro mate car bon ic car bon ate mu ri at ic . mu ri ate hy dri od ic hy dri o date hy dro flu or ic hy dro flu ate hy dro cy an ic hy dro cy an ate Ace ,V Stearic J? « ox al 1C - cit ric kl mc . tar tar ic " . t an nic benzoic ma cre nic _ succmlC nSgaric apocremc cro co nic lu * P a zu l mic me c ? nic aHhi o nic e thi o nic pec tic * Ji as in ball- PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 95 SECTION LXXII. NAMES OF MEDICINES MOST FREQUENTLY USED. M ther Al ka li Al oes Al um Am mo ni a Am mo ni ac A myg da lus An gus tu ra An ti mo ny Ar se nic Bel la don na Bal sam Cal o mel Cam phor Can thar i des Cas ca ril la Cas sia Cat e chu Caus tic Ci cu ta Cin cho na Col chi cum Co lum bo Co pai va Cre a sote Dig i ta lis El a te ri um Eu pa to ri um Gam boge Hy drar gy rum Hy os cy a mus Hel le bore Tp e cac Jal ap Ki no Laud a num Li quor ice Myr rha Mor phi a Mag ne si a Nar co ti na O pi um O po del doc O rig a num Par a gor ic Rhu barb Scam mo ny Ser pen ta ri a Sar sa pa ril la Sul phur Sen na Ta rax i cum To bac co Va le ri an Ve ra tri a Worm wood 96 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. PREPARATIONS AND TERMS USED IN MEDICINE. As trin gents Blis ters Cal ci na tion Ca thar tics Ce rates Com pounds Con serves Crys tals De coc tions De com po si tions De fla gra tion Del i ques cence De mul cents Di a pho ret ics Di ges tion Di In ents Di u ret ics Ef fer ves cence Ef flor es cence E lee tu a ries E lix irs E met ics E mol lients E mul sions E pis pas tics Er rhines Es cha rot ics E vap o ra tion Ex pec to rants Ex tracts Ex trac tions Fu sions Gas es Gran u la tion In fu sions Jui ces Lev i ga tion Lin i ments Li thon trip tics Lix iv i a tion Loz en ges Mac er a tion Med i ca ments Med i ca tions Mu ci la ges Mu ri ates Nar cot ics Oils Oint ments Ox ides Pills Plas ters Poul ti ces Povv ders Pre cip i ta tions Ru be fa cients Salts Sat u ra tion Sed a tives Si al a gogues PRACTICAL, SPELLING-BOOK. 97 Sim pies Sin a pisms So lu tions Spir its Ster nu ta to ries Stim u lants Sub li ma tion Syn the sis Syr ups Tar trites Tine tures Ton ics Trit u ra tion Tro ches Wa ters SECTION LXXIII. LAW TERMS, IN COMMON USE. Accessory iVccomplice Action Assault Assess Assign Adjudication Assignee Adjournment Assignment Administrator Attach Administration Attachment Advocate Attorney Affidavit Award Alien Bail Alimony Ambiguity Bailment Bailee Allegiance Bailor Annuity Brief Appeal Appellant Appellee Burglary Capias Caveat Arraign Certiorari Arbitration Arrest Chancery Chattel 98 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Citation Comitatus Commission Commissioner Commitment Commutation Compromise Contract Conveyance Covenant Default Defence Demur Demurrer Defendant Deponent Deposition Deputy Detainer Dower Duress Ejectment Election Embezzle Endorse Endorsee Endorser Endorsement Entail Equity Error Escheat Evidence Examination Excise Execution Extortion Factor Fee Felony Feoffment Fief Fixture Forfeiture Forgery Forum Franchise Freehold Freeholder Gamer Grand Jury Grant Grantor Grantee Guardian Guarantee Government Governor Habeas Corpus Homage Immunity Impeachment Indenture Indemnify PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 99 Indictment Infant Infancy Injury Inherit Insurance Intent In to to Interest Insolvent Inquest Instalment Issue Jail Jailer Jointure Jud^e Judgement Judiciary Jurisprudence Jury Justice Jus Jurat Land Landlord Larceny Law Lease Lessee Lessor Legacy Legatee Legislative Legislature Levy Lex Liability Libel Lien Mayhem Mainprize Malversation Mandamus Manor Mesne Process Misdemeanor Misprision Mittimus Modus Mortgage Mortmain Mortuary Nisi Prius Nonfeasance Nonjuror Nonsuit Notary Obligor Obligee Ordeal Outlawry Panel Parceners 100 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Parol Recital Patent Recognisance Patentee Record Peers Recorder Perjury Plaintiff Recovery Reference Plea Refresher Pleadings Register Police Registrar Praemunire Prescription Rejoinder Release Presentment Relocation Prima facie Remainder Privies Privilege Replication Reprieve Probate Rescue Process Proclamation Respondeas Return Proctor Reversal Proprietary Pro tempore Protest Prothonotary Proviso Reversion Riot Salique Schedule Scire facias Puisne Scot and Lot Purview Scriveners Quash Secondaries Quietus Seisin Quorum Rack-rent Sequestration Sergeant-at-Arms Rebutter Sessions Recaption Set-off PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 101 Sheriff Tenant Simony Tenement Sittings Term Socage Testament Solicitor Testator Specialty Testimony Stoppage Title Subornation Tithe Subpoena Trespass Suit Trustee Summons Usury Supersedeas Vagrant Supplicavit Venue Surrejoinder Vendor Surrender Verdict Syn graph Vested SECTION LXXIV. WORDS, OFTEN IMPROPERLY CONFOUNDED IN SPELLING OR PRONUNCIATION. Accept, to take or receive what is offered. Except, to leave out. Affect, to act upon. Effect, to bring to pass. Apprize, to inform. Appraise, to set a price on. Arrant, vile, wicked. Errand, a message. Errant, wandering. Celery, a kind of parsley. Salary, stated hire. Chronical, of long du- ration. Chronicle, a history. Colonel, a military officer. Kernel, the seed of fruit. Council, an assembly. Counsel, advice. Currant, a fruit. Current, a stream. Currier, a leather-dress- er. Courier,* a messenger. * Pronounced koo'-reer. 9* 102 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Extant, now in being. Extent, compass of a thing. Francis, a man's name. Frances, a woman's name. Genius, mental power. Genus, a class of beings. Ingenious, inventive. Ingenuous, open, can- did. 1 Lay, to place, to quiet. Lie, to rest or recline, as on a bed. Lickerish, delicate. Licorice, a sweet root. Tract, a quantity of land, a small book. Track, a mark left. Value, worth, price. Valley, a vale. SECTION LXXV. WORDS ALIKE IN SPELLING, BUT DIFFERENT IN PRONUNCIATION OR SIGNIFICATION. At/sent, not here. Absent 7 , to keep away. Abstract, an abridge- ment. Abstract 7 , to draw from. Abuse, an affront. Abuse, to treat ill. Accent, stress of voice. Accent 7 , to express ac- cent. Au 7 gust, the name of a month. August 7 , grand, majestic. Attribute, an inherent quality. [ascribe. Attribute, to impute, to Bass, a part in music. Bass, a fish. Bow, to bend. Bow, a weapon. The man is not here ; he is absent. The man did not come ; he chose to ab- sent himself. Truth is an attribute of the Deity. I will not attribute wrong to any one. A good boy makes a bow when he gives any thing to another person. Can you shoot arrows from a bow? PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 103 Close, shut fast. Close, to finish. Collect/, to gather. Collect, a short prayer. Compact, an agree- Compact/, solid, [ment. Con'cert, a musical per- formance. Concert', to contrive. Conduct, behavior. Conduct/, to lead. Con'flict, a struggle. Conflict', to contest. Congest, a debate. Contest', to dispute. Contract, a bargain. Contract', to shorten. Con'trast, difference. Contrast', set in opposi- tion, [verted. Con'vert, one who is con- Convert', to change. Con'vict, a person con- victed. Convict', to prove guilty. Des'ert, a wilderness. Desert', to forsake. Digest, a summary. Digest', to arrange in order. Dis'count, an allowance. Discount', to pay back, to deduct. Disuse, a cessation of a custom. Disuse, to drop a cus- tom. En'trance, a passage for entering. Entrance', to put into an ecstasy. Es'cort, a guard. Escort', to attend as a guard. Es'say, an attempt. Essay', to endeavor. Ex'port, any goods sent abroad in traffic. Export', to send abroad. Ex'tract, something taken from another thing. Extract', to draw from. Fer'ment, inward mo- tion. Ferment', to excite in- ward motion. Fre'quent, happening of- ten. Frequent', to visit often, to resort to. Did you ever attend a sacred concert ? Those two men tried to concert a plan. William's conduct is very praiseworthy. I hope he will always conduct his followers in the right way. 104 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Foretaste, anticipation. Foretaste', to taste be- forehand. Gallant, brave. [dies. Gallant 7 , courteous to la- Im'port, meaning. Import 7 , to bring from abroad. Impress, a mark. Impress 7 , to stamp. Intense, perfume. Incense 7 , to make angry. Increase, a growing larg- er. Increase 7 , to grow larger. In 7 lay, matter inlaid, or prepared for inlay- ing. Inlay 7 , to variegate by inserting one body into another. In 7 sult, an affront. . Insult 7 , to affront. Interdict, a prohibition. Interdict 7 , to prohibit. Interest, concern, payment for a loan. Interest, to affect concern. In 7 valid, one not in health. Invalid, not binding. Live, quick, not dead, crc- tive. Live, to continue in life. L6w 7 er, to bring low, to grow less, not so high. Low 7 er, to appear dark. Min 7 ute, a short space of time. Minute 7 , small. Miscon 7 duct, misman- agement. Misconduct 7 , to behave amiss. Mow, to cut with a scythe. Mow, a heap of hay. Or/ject, something no- ticed. Object 7 , to oppose. Out 7 law, one excluded from society. Out 7 law, to exclude from the protection of the law. Perfect, complete. Perfect 7 , to make per- feet. Perfume, a sweet odor. Perfume 7 , to regale with sweet odor. I feel much interest in the welfare of the young, and shall interest myself for them. The perfume of the rose is very agreeable. Some flowers will perfume the whole house. PP.ACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 105 , to give, amount. Permit, a permission. Permit 7 , to allow. Pre 7 fix, a particle put be- fore a word. Prefix 7 , to put before. Pres 7 ent, a gift. Present Produce, Produce 7 , to bear, to ef- fect. Project, a scheme. Project 7 , to contrive. Protest, a declaration. Protest 7 , to declare, to af- firm. Read, to peruse. Read, perused. Reb 7 el, an opposer of law- ful authority. Rebel 7 , to oppose lawful authority. Recollect 7 , to call to mind. Re-collect, to collect again. Rec 7 ord, a register. Record 7 , to write down. Recreate, to refresh. Recreate 7 , to create anew. Refuse, worthless remains. Refuse 7 , to reject. Re' gress, power of pass- ing bach:. [back. Regress 7 , to return, to go Re 7 tail, sale at second hand, or in small quantities. Retail 7 , to sell in small quantities. Suf/ject, matter in de- bate, one under gov- ernment. Subject 7 , to bring under the power of another. Sur 7 vey, a measured view. Survey 7 , to view carefully. 3 Tar 7 ry, like tar. 4 Tai^ry, to wait for. Tear, water from the eyes. Tear, to rend. Tor 7 ment, pain, distress. Torment 7 , to put in great pain. Transfer, a conveyance. Transfer 7 , to convey. Transport, a vessel for carriage. Transport 7 , to banish, to carry. Use, act of employing. Use, to employ. George gave William a valuable present, and William said he would present it to his father. 106 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. SECTION LXXVI. WORDS OF SIMILAR SOUND, BUT DIFFERENT IN SPELLING AND SIGNIFICATION.* Adds, reckons, joins Adze, a kind of axe. Ail, to be unwell. Ale, a drink. Air, that which we breathe, E'er, ever. [a tune. Ere, before. Heir, one who inherits. Aisle, an alley in a I '11, I will. [church. Isle, an island. Ait, a small island in a Ate, did eat. [river. Eight, twice four. All, every one. Awl, a sharp-pointed tool. Allegation, declaration. Alligation, act of tying to- gether, [fee. Altar, a place for sacri- Alter, to change. An, a particle, meaning one. Ann, a woman's name. Ant* an insect. Aunt,* an uncle's wife. Anchor, a heavy iron to hold a ship. Anker, a liquid measure. Arc, part of a circle. Ark, a chest, a vessel. Arrear, behind, that which remains unpaid. Arriere, the last body of an army. Ascent, a going up. Assent, agreement. Asperate, to make rough. Aspirate, pronounced with full breath. As peration, a making rough. Aspiration, a ivish. Attendance, waiting. Attendants, waiters. Auger, a tool. [tells. Augur, one who fore- Aught, any thing. Ought, obliged, by duty. Avail, profit. A vale, to depress. Bacon, swmc' s flesh. Baken, hardened in fire. Bad, not good. Bade, commanded. Bail, a surety. Bale, a bundle of goods. Bait, temptation. Bate, to lessen. Baiting, refreshment. Bating, deducting. Baize, woollen cloth. Bays, garlands. Words marked * , are similar, but not exactly alike, in sound. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 107 Bald, without hair. Bight, a doubling in a Bawled, cried aloud. rope. [teeth. Ball, a round body. Bite, to wound with the Bawl, to cry out. Blew, did blow. 1 Bare, naked. Blue, a color. Bear, an animal. Bloat, to swell. 1 Bear, to carry, to suffer, Blote, to smoke. to produce. Boar, the male of swine. Base, vile, mean. Bore, to make a hole, as Bass, a part in music. with an auger. Bay, a reddish-brown col- Bole, a kind of earth. or, a body of water. Boll, a round stalk. Bey, a Turkish ojjicer. Bowl, a hollow vessel. Be, to live or exist. Borne, carried, endured. Bee, an insect. Bourn, a limit or bound. Beach, a shore. Borough, a corporate Beech, a kind of tree. town. [ground. Beat, to strike. Burrow, a hole in the Beet, a garden-root. Bough, a branch. Beau, a fop. Bow, to bend. [er. Bo, a word of terror. Braid, to weave togeth- Bow, an instrument to B rayed, pounded. shoot with. Brake, a thicket. Been, participle of be. Break, to force asunder. Bin, a box or place for Breach, a place broken'. storage. Breech, the lower end Beer, a drink. of a gun. Bier, a carriage for the Bread, a kind of food. dead. [vessel. Bred, educated. Bell, a hollow sounding Breese, a stinging fly. Belle, an admired lady. Breeze, a gentle gale. Berry, a small fruit. Brews, makes beer, con- Bury, to put underground. trives. Berth, place to sleep in. Bruise, a hurt. Birth, nativity. Britain, name of an isl- Better, superior. and, [ain. Bettor, one who bets. Briton, a native of Brit- 108 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Bruit, a noise , a report. Brute, a beast. [plant. Bur, rough head of a Burr, lobe of the ear. But, except. Butt, a mark, to strike with the head. Buy, to purchase. By, ivith, near to. Bye, a dwelling. Cain, a man's name. Cane, a staff or reed. Calendar, a register. Calender, to smooth lin- Call, to cry after. [en. Caul, a thin skin. Calk* to stop cracks. Cork* a light wood. Callous, insensible, hard- ened, [fibres. Callus, a hardening of the Cannon, a great gun. Canon, a rule, a law. Cask, a barrel. [head. Casque, armor for the Caster, one who casts, a small wheel. Castor, a beaver. Cede, to give up. Seed, first principle. Ceil, to cover the top of a room, [mal. Seal, a stamp, an ani- Seel, to close the eyes. Ceiling, the top of a room. Sealing, a fastening, set- ting a seal. Cell, a small apartment. Sell, to exchange for money. Cellar, a vault under a building. Seller, one who sells. Cense, public rate, condi- tion, rank. [son. Sense, under standing, rea- Censer* a pan for in- cense. Censor* one who cen- Cent, a coin. [sures. Scent, an odor. Sent, ordered away. Cere, to cover with wax. Sear, to burn. Seer, a prophet. Sere, dry, withered. Cession, a giving up. Session, a sitting for busi- ness, [kind. Cetaceous, of the whale Setaceous, bristly, set with strong hairs. Chagrin, vexation. Shagreen, skin of a fish. Chair, a moveable seat. Char, work done by the day. Chap, a cleft, an aperture. Chop, to cut. Chaste, pure. Chased, pursued. Chimb, end of a barrel. Chime, agreement in sound. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 109 Choir,« band of singers. Quire, twenty four sheets of paper. Cboler, anger, rage. Collar, cover for the neck. Chord, a line in a circle. Cord, a small rope. Chorus, a concert, a num- ber of singers. Corns, an ancient Hebrew measure, name of a river. Chough, a bird. Chuff, a clovm. Cingle. a girth for ahorse. Single, alone. Cinque, five. Sink, to fall. Cion, a sprout. Scion, a small twig taken from one tree to be engrafted on another. Sion, name of a holymoun- Cit, a citizen. [tain. Sit, to be seated. Cite, to summon. Sight, a view or look. Site, situation. Clause, part of a sen- tence, [beast. Claws, the nails of a Clef, a character in music. Cliff, a steep rock. Climb, to clamber. Clime, a portion of the Close, to shut. [earth. Clothes, dress. 10 Coal, burnt wood. Cole, cabbage. Coarse, not fine. Course, way, direction. Coat, a garment. Cote, a sheep-fold. Cock's-comb, a plant, a flower. Coxcomb, a fop. Complement, a full number. Compliment, expres- sion of civility. Concent, harmony of voi- ces. Consent, to yield. Concession, a grant. Con session, a sitting together. Coom, soot. Comb, a corn-measure. Coquet, to entertain with compliments, td J ilt ' Coquette, a jilting girl. Core, the heart or inner part of any thing. Corps, a body of men. Cousin, a relation. Cozen, to cheat. Creak, to make a noise. .Creek, a small bay. Crewel, worsted. Cruel, unfeeling. Crews, ships' companies. Cruise, to rove over the sea in search of plunder. 110 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Cygnet, a young swan. Signet, a seal. Cymbal* an instrument of music. Symbol* a sign. Dam, to stop a stream. Damn, to condemn. Dane, a native of Den- mark. Deign, to condescend. Day, a portion of time. Dey, a Moorish officer, Dear, beloved, costly. Deer, an animal. Demean, to behave. Demesne, a freehold. Depositary * one with whom a thing is left. Depository,* the place where a thing is left. Deuce, two. Deuse, an evil spirit. Dew, moisture, a cold, va- Due, owing. [por. Die, to cease to live. Dye, to color. Dire, dismal, mournful. Dyer, one who dyes. Directer, one who di- rects, [ent. Director, a superintend- Discous, broad, flat. Discus, a quoit. Discreet, prudent. Discrete, distinct. Docile, teachable. Dossil, a pledget of lint. Docket, a label. Doquet, a paper contain- ing a warrant. Doe, a female deer. Dougb, unbaked bread. Done, finished. Dun, a color, to demand. Dost, doest. Dust, fine powder. Dram, a small weight, a glass of spirits. Drachm, an old coin. Elector, a voter. Electre, amber. Ewe, a female sheep. Yew, a tree. You, the person spoken to. Ewer, a vessel to con- tain water. Your, belonging to you. Eye, the organ of sight. I, myself Exercise,* practice, la- bor of the body. Exorcise* to adjure by some holy name. Fain, glad, merry, cheer- Fane, a temple. [ful. Feign, to pretend. Faint, weary. Feint, a pretence. .Fair, clear, comely. Fare, food. Farther,* more distant Fa ther* a parent. Fate, destiny. Fete, a feast. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK- HI Faun, a heathen deity said to inhabit woods. Fawn, a young deer. Feat, an exploit. Feet, lower parts of the body. Feaze, to beat. Fees, compensations. Felloe, the rim of a wheel. Fellow, an associate. Feod, a fee, tenure. Feud, a quarrel. ¥eo&a\, held from another. Feudal, a dependance. Fillip, a snap of the finger. Philip, a maris name. Fir, a tree. Fur, soft hair of animals. Flea, an insect. Flee, to run away. Flew, did fly. Flue, a passage for smoke. Float, to swim. Flote, to skim. Flour, meal from grain. Flower, a blossom, [mer. Fore, going first, for- Four, a number, twice Fort, a fortress. [two. Forte, a strong side. Forth , forward, abroad. Fourth, next after third. Foul, dirty, unfair. Fowl, a bird. Franc, a French coin. Frank, candid. Frays, quarrels. Phrase, mode of speech. Freeze, to harden by cold. [cloth. Frieze, coarse kind, of Friar, a religious recluse. Frier, one who fries. Fungous, spongy. Fungus, an excrescence, a mushroom. Gage, a pledge. Gauge, to measure. Gate, a door. Gait, mode of walking. Gall, a bitter substance, to Gaul, France. [fret. Gest, a deed. Jest, a joke. Gild, to cover with gold. Guild, a corporation. Gilder, one who gilds. Guilder, a coin. Gilt, covered with gold. Guilt, criminality. Glare, dazzling lustre. Glaire, white of an egg. Glows, doth glow. Gloze, to flatter, [cloth. Goar, an edging on Goer, one who goes. Gore, clotted blood. Grate, a frame made with Great, large. [bars. Grater, a scraper. Greater, larger. Grease, soft fat. Greece, a country. 112. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Greaves, armor for the legs. [menU. Grieves, sorrows, la- Groan, a sound uttered in pain. Grown, increased,. Guest, a visiter. Guessed, conjectured. H-aW, frozen drops of rain. Hale, healthy, sound. Hair, what grows on the head. Hare, an animal. Hall, a large room. Haul, to drag by force. Hart, an animal. Heart, the vital organ in the body. Hay, dried grass. Hey, a word of joy. Haugh, a little meadow lying in a valley. Haw, a hedge, an en- closure, a berry. Heal, to cure. [foot. Heel, back part of the Height, elevation. Hight, is called, was called, to direct. Hear, to hearken. Here, in this place. Heard, did hear. Herd, a drove of ani- mals. Hew, to cut timber. Hue, color, complexion. Hugh, a man's name. Hie, to hasten. High, elevated. Higher, more elevated. Hire, ivages. Him, that man. Hymn, a sacred song. Ho, a call, enough. Hoe, a garden instrument. Hoard, to heap up. Horde, a tribe. Hoes, more than one hoe. Hose, stockings. Hole, a hollow. Whole, all, entire. Holy, sacred. Wholly, entirely. Hoop, any circular thing, by which some- thing else is bound. Whoop, a shout. Hour, sixty minutes. Our, belonging to us. In, within. Inn, a, tavern. Indict, to prosecute. Indite, to dictate. Jam, to squeeze closely. Jamb, a supporter on the side. Jole, the face or cheek. Joll, to clash with violence. Key, an instrument to open a lock. Quay, a wharf. Kill, to take away life. Kiln, a place to burn bricks. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 113 Knag, a hard knot. Nag, a small horse. Knap, to bite. Nap, a short slumber. Knave, a rogue. Nave, part of a wheel. Knead, to mingle any sub- stance. Need, necessity. Kneel,fo bend the knees. Neal, to temper in the Knew, did know. [fire. New, fresh. Knight, a title of honor. Night, that part of time w hen there is no light. Knit, to tic, to join, to weave with needles. Nit, egg of an insect. Knot, to entangle. Not, a word of excep- tion. Nott, smooth, shorn. Know, to recognize. No, not any, a word of denial. [with. Knows, is acquainted Nose, a part of the face. La, see ! look ! behold I Law, a rule, a decree. Lacks, needs or wants. Lax, loose. Lade, to load. Laid, placed. Lain, is laid. Lane, a narrow street. 10* Lamb, a young sheep. Lamn, to beat with a cudgel. Latin* a language. Latten* a mixed metal. Lea, an extensive plain. Lee, the side opposite to the wind. Ley, afield or pasture. Leaf, part of a plant. Lief, beloved, willingly. Leak, a hole by which wa- ter enters a vessel. Leek, a plant. Lead, a soft heavy metal. Led, conducted. Lease, to glean. Lees, dregs. Leave, permission. Lieve, willingly. Leaver, one who forsakes. Lever, a bar to raise weights. Lessen, to make smaller. Lesson, a task. Lettice, a woman's name. Lettuce, a plant. Levee, a morning visit. Levy, to raise taxes or troops. Liar, one who tells lies. Lier, one who lies down. Lyre, a musical instru- ment. Lie, a falsehood. Ley, or Lye, water per- colated through ashes. 114 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Limb, a part of the body. Limn, to draw, to paint. Links, rings of a chain. Lynx, a wild beast. Lo, see ! behold ! Low, not high. Load, a burden. Lode, the hading vein in a mine. Lowed, did low, as an ox. Loan, something lent. Lone, single. Loch, or Lough, a lake. Lock, a fastening. Locke, a man's name. Lore, learning. Lower, not so high. Made, finished. Maid, an unmarried woman. Mail, armor. Male, the sex of man. Main, chief. Maine, name of a State. Mane, hair on a horse's neck. Maize, Indian corn. Maze, perplexity, to bewil- der. Mall, to beat or strike. Maul, a heavy hammer. Manner, form. Manor, jurisdiction. Mantel, work raised be- fore a chimney. Mantle, a sort of cloak. Mareschal, a chief com- mander of an army. Marshal, to set in order, to arrange. Ma rti al , wa rlike , figh ting. Mark, a sign. Marque, a license for making captures from an enemy. Marten, an animal. Martin, a man's name. Mead, a drink. Mede, a native of Me- dia. Meed, reward. Meak, a hook with a long handle. Meek, humble. Mean, to pretend. Mien, appearance. Meat, flesh of animals. Meet, proper or fit. Mete,- to measure. [ry. Meer, a lake, a bounda- Mere, absolute, this only. Metal, a hard substance found in the earth, as Mettle, courage. [iron. Meter, a measurer. Metre, verse, nilmbers. Mew, to shut up, to cry as a cat. Mue, to change feathers, as a bird. Mews, cages for hawks. Muse, to meditate. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 115 Mewl , to squall as a child. Mule, an animal. Might, power. Mite, a small thing. Miner, one vjho works in a mine. Minor, one under age. Moan, a lamentation. Mown, cut down. Moat, a ditch. Mote, a small particle. More, to a greater de- gree. Mower, one who moivs. Naught, bad. Nought, nothing. Nay, no. Neigh, the noise of a horse. None, no one. Nun, a religious recluse. Oar, a paddle. O'er, over. Ore, metal as it comes from the mine. Oh, a cry of pain. Owe, to be indebted. One, a single thing. Won, did win. Ottar, a perfume, an es- sential oil. i Otter, an animal. Pail, a wooden vessel. Pale, white of hole, not ruddy. Pain, distress. Pane, a square of glass. Pair, two. Pare, to cut off the rind. Pear, a fruit. Palace, a splendid house. Pallas, a heathen goddess. Palate, the organ of taste. Palette, a light board on which painters place their colors for use in the hand. Pallet, a small bed. Pall, a covering. Paul, a man's name. [ule. Pan el , a square , a sched- Pannel, a kind of sad- dle. Panic, violent fear. Pannic, a plant. Pause, a stop. [imal. Paws, the feet of an an- Peace, quietness. Piece, apart. Peak, the upper point. Pique, ill-will. Peal, a succession of loud sounds, as of bells or thunder. Peel, the skin or rind. eer, an e qual. Pier, apart. Permiscible, such as may be mingled. Permissible, v)hat may be permitted. Peter, a man's name. Petre, nitre. 116 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Place, situation. Plaice, a flat fish. Plain, level ground, an open field. Plane, a tool to smooth boards. Plait, a fold in cloth. Plate, a small shallow dish or vessel. Pleas, pleadings, ex- cuses. Please, to give pleasure. Plum, a fruit. Plumb, an instrument for levelling. Pole, a long staff. Poll, the head. Port, a harbor. Porte, the government of Turkey. Practice, use. Practise, to exercise. Praise, to commend. Prays, asks. Preys, plunders. Pray, to ask. Prey, to plunder. Premices, first fruits. Premises, propositions, houses. Prier, one who pries. Prior, former. Pries, does pry. Prize, a reward. Principal,* a head, a chief. Principle* element. Profit, gain. [sies. Prophet, one who prophe- Quean, a worthless wo- man. Queen, a king's wife, a female ruler. Quincy, name of a man and town. Quinsy, a disease. Rabbet, a carpenter's tool. Rabbit, an animal. Rain, drops of water. Reign, to rule over, to gov- Kern, a bridle. [ern. Raise, to lift up. Rase, or Raze, to pull down. Rays, beams of light. Raiser, one who raises. Razor, a knife for shav- ing. Rap, to strike. Wrap, to fold up. Rapt, a trance, rapidity. Wrapt, or Wrapped, fold- ed up. Read, to peruse. Reed, a hollow knotted stalk of a plant. Read, skilful by reading. Red, a color. Reave, to take away by stealth or violence. Reeve, a steward. Reck, to care for, to heed. Wreck, a ruin. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 117 Reek, to smoke, to emit vapor. Wreak, to inflict. Rest, to lean upon. Wrest, to distort, to force by violence. Rheum, a thin watery humor. Room, space. Rheumy, full of sharp moisture. Roomy, spacious. Rhone, name of a river. Roan, color. Rhyme,uerscS ending with words having the same sound. Rime, hoarfrost. Rice, a nutritious grain. Rise, increase. Rigger, one ivho rigs ves~ Rigor, severity. [sels. Right, true, not wrong, just. [ny. Rite, a solemn cercmo- Wright, a workman. Write, to express by Ut- ters. Ring, a circle or hoop. Wring, to twist. Road, a wide path. Rode, did ride. Rowed, moved by oars. Roe, a female deer. Row, a rank. [bustle. Rom age, a tumult, a Rummage, to search. i Rood, quarter of an acre. Rude, uncivil. Rote, by memory. Wrote, did write. Rough, not smooth. Ruff, a ruffe. Rout, confusion. Route, way or road. Rung, did ring. Wrung, twisted. Rye, grain used for bread. Wry, crooked. Sail, to move on the water by sails. Sale, act of selling. Satire, strong censure. Satyr, a sylvan deity. Saver, a preserver. Savor, odor, taste. Savory, a plant. Savoury, pleasing to the smell or taste. Scene, part of a play. Seen, beheld. Seine, a net. [town. Scituate, name of a Situate, placed. Scot, payment, native of Scotland. Scott, a man's name. Sea, a large body of water. See, to behold. Seam, place where two pieces are joined* Seem, to appear. 118 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Sear, to burn, to wither. Seer, a prophet. Sere, claw, talon. Seas, large bodies of wa- Sees, beholds. [ter. Seize, to take hold of. Seignior,a title of honor. Senior, older. Sew, to work with a nee- dle. So, in like manner. Sow, to scatter seed. Sewer, one who works with a needle. Sower, one who sows seed. Shear, to cut down. Sheer, pure, clean, unmin- Shire, a county. [gled. Shock, concussion. Shough, a shaggy dog. Sice, the number six. Sighs, lamentations. Size, bulk, quantity. Signer, one who sighs. Sire, a parent. Sign, a mark. Sine, a line in a circle. Slaie, a weaver's reed. Slay, to kill. Sleigh, a vehicle for rid- ing over snow. Sley, to separate, to part, to untwist a thread. Sleight, dexterity. Slight, to neglect. Slew, did slay. Slue, to turn. Sloe, a small wild plum. Slow, not fast. Smerk,a fawning smile. Smirk, to look affected- ly soft or kind. Soar, to ascend. Sore, a hurt. Soared, went up. Sword, a weapon. Sole, bottom of the foot. Soul, the spirit. Some, apart. Sum, the whole amount. Son, a male child. Sun, the source of light. Stair, a step. Stare, to gaze. Stake, a post. Steak, a slice of meat. Stationary, fixed. Stationery, goods of a stationer. Steal, to rob. Steel, hardened iron. Stile, a set of steps. Style, mode of writing. Straight, direct. Strait, narrow. [ning. Subtle, sly, artful, cun- Suttle, net weight of any thing. Succor, help. Sucker, a young shoot. Suite, followers. Sweet, not sour. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 119 Sware, did swear. Swear, to talk profanely. Sweat, perspiration. Swet, did perspire. Tacks, small nails. Tax, a tribute. Tare, a weed, allowance in weight. Tear, to rend. Team, a vehicle. Teem, to abound. Tear, water from the '^ lier, a row. Terse, neat, smooth. Tierce, a cask. The, an article. Thee, person spoken to. There, in that place. Their, of them. Threw, did throw. Through, from end to Throe, a pang. [end. Throw, to toss. Throne, a king's seat. Thrown, tossed. Thyme, an herb. Time, duration. Tide, rising of the sea. Tied, bound. Tire, to fatigue. Tyre, name of a city. To, towards. Too, besides. Two, twice one. Toe, a part of the foot. Tow, flax or hemp. Told, informed. Tolled, did toll. Tole, to draw gently. Toll, tax, sound of a bell. Ton, a measure. Tun, a large vessel. Tong, catch of a buckle. Tongue, organ of speech. Travail, to labor, to toil. Travel, to journey. Tray, a wooden dish. Trey, three. Treaties, compacts. Treatise, a discourse. Vail or Veil, a cover. Vale, a valley. Vain, useless. Vane, a weathercock. Vein, a passage. Vice, wickedness. Vise, a griping press. Wade, to walk in wa- ter. Weighed, balanced. Wail, to deplore. Wale, a rising stripe. Wain, a ivagon. Wane, to grow less. Wayne, a man's name. Waist, middle of the body. Waste, to consume. Wait, to stay. Weight, gravity. Waive, to set aside. Wave, a swell of water. Wall, a defence. Wawl, to cry, to howl. 120 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Ware, merchandise. Wean, to detach. W T ear, to consume, to car- Ween, to think. ry on the body. Weather, state of the air. Way, a path or road. Wether, a kind of sheep. Weigh, to balance, to pon- Wheal, a pustule. Weak, feeble, [der. Wheel, a circular body, Week} seven days. a ring l\ T eak\y, feebly. Wood, subsi ance of trees. Weekly, once a week. Would, was willing. Weal, happiness. Ye, you. Weel, a whirlpool. Yea, yes. SECTION LXXVII. VULGA RISMS. Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced Across acrost ask ax active actyve audacious outdacious afraid cfeard bachelor bachelder afternoon arternoon bayonet baggonet afterwards artenuards beacon bacon ( agane and ( agin bellows bellusses again beneficence benificence against ( aganst and \ aginst beyond < beyend or heyund ago a gone birthday bethday ague agur bleat blaat andiron handiron blunderbuss blunderbush anoint aninte boil bile apothecary apotecary bonfire burnfire appoint appinte bran brand apprentice printis bristle brustle apron apun broil brile arithmetic : arethmetic brooch broche PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 121 Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced burst bust digest disgest canal kanawl dint dent cany kare dishabille dish-abil catch Jcetch district dcestrickt catechism Jcatekize does doze or doos caught kotch drain dreen causeway chair krossway cheer draw drought dror drouth chaise shay drowned drownded char chore durst dast chest chist earth airth chew chaw election lection chimney chimbly electrify clecturize chine chime eleven leven chives sives end eend clinch klench engine injine coarse kose errand arrand command- ment > kommande- 5 ment eternity far etarnity fur confiscate cornice konfisticate kornish film fleam felm flem could cover koold kiver flimsy forget slirnsy forgit creature kritter forward forrud creek krick further furder cringe crystal cupola curse skringe kryst-yal kupelo kuss gather general get girl gether gineral git gal cutlass dandruff kutlash dander girth gold gert goold daughter darter gown gound desert devil dictionary deesert divil dixonary 11 grasshopper gripe groin hoppergrass grip grine V22 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced grudge begrutch learn lam guardian guardeen learning laming gums gooms leather luthur handkerchief hangkercher lest leest harsh hash lettuce lettis have haave licorice lickerish heard hem lid led hearth harth or hath lignumvitae lingumvity herbs airbs or yerbs lilach laylok hers hern linen linning hindei hender loam loom his hizzen loin line hiss siss mallows malice hoist histe marble mar vie home hum marsh mash hoof huff massacre massacree horse hawse medal meddle houses housen medicine medsun however hoivzever mercury marcury hurricane harrecane mile mild icicle isuckle miracle maracle ideas idees molasses lasses imminent eminent musician mmishaner instead instid muskmelon mushmillion january- jinerwary musquetoes skeeters jaundice janders nankin ankeen jest jeest nape nap 'join jine native natyve joiner jiner negro nigger joint jint nest neest joist jice nigh nighst just jest northwest norwest kettle latile oil He lance lanch ointment intement law lor onion inyun PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 123 Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced other tother refuse refuge otherwise otherways regiment rigiment ours ourn rheumatism rumatiz oust roust rid red overplus overplush rind rine peep peek rinse rense pennyroyal penneryal rip unrip pincers pinchers risk resk pinchbeck pinchback rivet ribbit pigmy pigmite roil rile pith peth roof ruf plait pleet 13 4. pint rosin rozum point said sade poison pizen salad sallet poplar popple sassafras saxifax porringer pawnger sauce sarse portmanteau portmantle saucer sarcer potato potatur saucy sarcy potatoes taters saw sor pother bother says saze potlid pretty pot-led putty scarce < skerse or skase preventive preventetiv senna seeny probable provable sermon sarmunt pronunci- ) pronouncia- ) tion sewer shore ation sex sect puppet poppet shall shawl purse pus share sheer quench C squinch or \ kwinch should shut shoold shet quince squince shuttle shettle radish reddish since sence rather ruther sleek slick really raly soil sile rear rare somewhere summers 124 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Spelled Vulgarly Pro- nounced Spelled Vulgarly ^ nounced soot sut umbrella amberriller spermaceti sparmecitty unsteady unstiddy sphere spear vagabond vagabone spire spear value valley spirit sperit vendue vandu spoil spile verse varse spoonful spunful voyage vyje stamp stomp wainscot wins cot steady- stiddy walnut warnut steelyard stilyerd watermelon watermillyun stint stent whether wether stone stun which ivitch stunned stunded whiffletree whippletree such sitch whole hul supple sooph whortleberry hukkleberry syllabub sullabub wick week syringe surrenge widow widder tackle takle willow wilier tassel torsel windpipe winepipe tenon tennant worse wus that that are. worst wust theirs theirn wreck rack thill fin wrap rop this this ere wrestle rastle tobacco tobacker wristband rizban tour tower yeast east treble tribble yellow yaller tusk tush yet yit turret tarret yonder yender or turtle turcle yunder tutor tutorer yours yourn All men once were boys, but all boys will not live to become men. PRACTICAL SPELLING-EOOK. 125 SECTION LXXVIII. ELEMENTS OF UTTERANCE. Taking a, in arm, as the fundamental vowel-sound, all the other vowel-sounds are formed from it ; either, 1. By closing the orifice of the throat, in different de- grees ; or, 2. By contracting the lips. This may be exemplified by the following diagram : — a ia arm. Throat and mouth open. a in fan. a Americans pronounce the diphthongal-sound of i in pipe, as if it were made up of u in nut and i in pin. But Mr. Walker says it is composed of a in arm and e in be. Remarks. The teacher should call the attention of the whole school to the diagram, which should be drawn on a blackboard. He should announce the sound of a in 11* 126 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. arm, and talk about it. He should utter a without say- ing any thing about the word arm. He should then spell arm, — arm, — giving a its own vowel-sound. " This I do," he should say, " by opening my throat and lips." He should then require the school to utter the same sound, and to spell the word in the same way. It should be done by the whole school, in concert. He may then proceed to teach the other simple vowel-sounds, in the same way. Then he should take the four diphthongal-sounds, and explain them. On, in house, is made up of o in dog and u in full. At first, sound them distinctly, and apart from each other ; then, a little more rapidly ; and then, in quick succession. Here let me entreat the teacher to endeavor to cure his pupils of a most ridiculous pronunciation, which we often hear ; — that of sounding the diphthong ou as if it were composed of a in fan and u in full. The follow- ing sentence may be repeated, as an exercise : " I can- not go out of town, unless I first go down to my house." The teacher should write a sentence on his black- board, and question his pupils respecting the vowel-sound heard in each syllable. The utterance of the consonants is very important, and should be attended to, thoroughly. It may be done in concert, by the whole school. For the manner of teaching the scholars to utter the consonants, the teacher is referred to the various works on the sounds and pow- ers of the letters. He should explain the subject to his pupils ; then utter the sound ; and then require the whole school to imitate him. Some children cannot sound the letter r ; others can- not sound t. Some lisp, or sound th for s. Give to such children, the sentence, " What is that ? " and require them to utter it as distinctly as possible. The teacher should take all possible pains to instruct his pupils in the proper enunciation of the consonants. He may use Sections lxxviii., lxxix., lxxx., lxxxi., and lxxxii., as a kind of text-book, from which to expound to his pupils. He should exhibit the greater part of these sections on the blackboard, and explain every principle : thus the whole can be easily understood. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 127 He should tax his ingenuity to the utmost, in the in- vention of questions to put to his pupils, respecting all those subjects which relate to orthography. SECTION LXXIX. There are, in English monosyllables, many different ways of combining certain vowels, so as to indicate the same sound. Thus, there are no fewer than seven different ways of express- ing the long sound of a; the same number of representing the long sound of e; six, the sound of a in ball or o in horse ; the same number for the sound of o in comb, and the same number for u in drum ; five each for the sound of i in ship, i in pipe, and u in flute ; four each for the sound of e in pen, o in move, and u in bush ; three each for a in arm, and a in watch or o in dog ; two each for the sound of oi or oy, and ou or ow ; while there is but one mode of expressing the sound of a in fan. Thus, it will be seen that there are seventy different ways of expressing six- teen sounds. A, as in Gate. 1, a, with a final e, as in gate, or at the end of a syl- lable, as in ta-ble ; 2, ay, as in hay ; 3, ai, as in pail ; 4, ea, as in great ; 5, ey, as in they ; 6, ei, as in veil ; 7, aw, as in gauge. E, as in Pen. This sound is represented, 1, by a single e, as in pen; 2, by ea, as in bread ; 3, ai } as in said ; 4, ie, as in friend, A, as in Arm. 1, a, as in star ; 2, aw, as in aunt; 3, ea, as in heart. A, as in Fan. This sound has but one form. A, as in Ball, and O, as in Horse. 1, a, as in ball ; 2, o, as in horse ; 3, aw, as in awl ; 4, aw, as in cause ; 5, ou, as in thought ; 6, oa, as in groat. O, as in Dog, and A, as &t Watch. 1, o as in dog ; 2, a, as in watch ; 3, ow, as in cough. 128 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. - E, as in Tree. 1, e, pure, as in he, here ; 2, ee, as in tree ; 3, ea, as in pea ; 4, ie, as in field ; 5, ey, as in key ; 6, ei, as in seize ; 7, i, as in shire. I, as tra Ship. 1, i, as in s7i2p ; 2, ee, as in teen ; 3, wi, as in build ; 4, ei, as in teint ; 5, y, as in hymn. O, as w Comb. 1, o, as in go ; 2, oa, as in oootf ; 3, ow, as in blow ; 4, ow, as in four ; 5, oo, as in door ; 6, eaw, as in oeaw. U, as in Drum. 1, u, as in drum ; 2, o, as in so?z, dove ; 3, ow, as in rough; 4, i, as in sir ; 5, oo, as in blood; 6, e, as in her. O, as m Move. 1, o, as in Tnoue ; 2, oo, as in boot ; 3, o, as in to, do ; 4, ow, as in sowp. U, as in Bush, and O, as in Wolf. 1, w, as in bush; 2, oo, as in wood ; 3, ow, as in cowZd ; 4, o, as in w?oZ/! DIPHTHONGAL-SOUNDS. I, as in Pipe. 1, i, with a final e, as in /npe, and -i^A, as in nigft ; 2, ie, as in die ; 3, y, or ey with a final e, as in by, eye ; 4, ei, as in height ; 5, wy, as in owy. U, as in Flute. 1, w, as in fiute ; 2, e?o, as in wew> ; 3, ieu, as in Ziew ; 4, iew, as in view ; 5, wi, as in suit. DIPHTHONGS PROPER. 01, and OY, as in Oil, Boy. This sound has but these two forms. OU, and OW, as in Loud, Cow. This sound has but these two forms. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 129 SECTION LXXX. This section contains words of the long and short vowel- sounds, which are given in the spelling lessons at the end of the section, and placed opposite to each other. Learners should be exercised in these, until they can readily distinguish the dif- ferent sounds. I heard her tell her tale of wo. The man made a mark with his pen, on a pane of glass. Some men held a horse by the mane. The ox met his mate. We could not get through the gate. Let him not go too late. My aunt took an ant in her hand. The ground is wet, and I must wait. He fell, but did not fail to rise. He had some hard bread in his hand. A cat will not ride in a cart. I am not in want of an arm. If you chase a dog, he will look back and bark. You can stand and see the stars, when it is dark. The young fawn is fond of its dam. They that drink much strong beer, are a sort of sots. The cook brought some broth to my room. He went to the mill, to buy him some meal. The boy did the deed, but has not yet seen his sin. He was caught, though he took heed and hid. The ship had a hole in its hull. He struck a hard stroke with his maul. Come, comb your hair and go to school. They went down in a boat, but came back on foot. Cut not your coat too large for your cloth. The boy found a bone in his bunn. The sick man had no one to pull him to the pool. She sits 130 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. on her stool and sorts her wool. He is a fool that crams his mouth full. She said her food was not very good. Long Sound. Tale . . pane . . mane Short Sound. . . tell . . . pen . . . men mate ..... met gate ..... get late let wait wet fail fell hard hand aunt ant cart cat arm .... .am bark back stars stand fawn sort fond sots Long Sound. brought meal deed seen . heed hole . stroke comb boat . coat . bone pool stool fool food Short Sound. . . broth mill did sin hid . hull . struck . come . . but . cut . bunn pull wool full good SECTION LXXXI. ANALYSIS OF THE SOUNDS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. In the English language, there are twenty-six letters. They are divided into vowels and consonants. A vowel is a simple sound of itself, uttered by the hu- man voice. A consonant is a letter which cannot be PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 131 perfectly or fully sounded, except in connection with a vowel. The vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes w and y. "PFand y are consonants when they precede a vowel heard in the same syllable ; as in wine, twine, whine, ye, yet, youth ; in all other cases, they are vowels ; as in newly, dewy, eyebrow. A diphthong is the union of two vowels, pronounced together, so as to make but one syllable ; as ea in beat, oi in toil. In a proper diphthong, both of the vowels are sound- ed ; as ea in ocean, oi in voice. In an improper diphthong, but one of the vowels is sounded ; as ai in aim, ea in clean. A triphthong is the union of three vowels ; as eau in beau. OF THE VOWELS. A, has Jive sounds. 1. The long, slender, English sound, as in cane, pa- per. 2. The long Italian sound, as in cart, father. 3. The broad German sound, as in fall, water. 4. The short Italian sound, as in man, handle. 5. The short sound of broad a, as in watch. E, has two sounds. 1. The long sound, as in mete, phenix. 2. The short sound, as in pen, tender. I, has two sounds. 1. The long diphthongal-sound, as in pine. 2. The short simple sound, as in pin, hinder. O, has Jive sounds. 1. The long open sound, as in no, tone. 2. The long close sound, as in move, prove. 3. The long broad sound, as in nor, horn. 4. The short broad sound, as in not, pot. 5. The short close sound of o in move, as in wolf good. 132 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. U, has three sounds. 1. The long diphthongal-sound, as in tube, fume. 2. The short simple sound, as in gun, tub. 3. The middle or obtuse sound, as in bull, bush. W, when a vowel, has the long sound of u, as in new, and sometimes a sound somewhat different, as in now. Y, when a vowel, has the sounds of i, as in fly, hymn. The diphthongs oi and oy have but one sound, com- posed of the sounds of o in horse and i in pin. OU, has seven sounds. 1. Composed of the sounds of o in dog and u in bull, as in mouth. 2. The sound of u in bull, as in could, should. 3. The sound of o in move, as in soup, tour. 4. The sound of u in gun, as in rough, tough. 5. The sound of o in bone, as in four, source. 6. The sound of o in j9o2, as in cough, trough. 7. The sound of a in &aZ/, as in bought, thought. Ae, ai, ao, au, aw, ay, ea, ee, ei, eo, eu, ew, ey, ie, io, oa, oe, oi, oo, ou, ow, oy, ua, ue, ui, uo, and uy, are diph- thongs. Some of them are proper, and others are im- proper, diphthongs. OF THE CONSONANTS. A consonant is a letter, which, as has before been re- marked, cannot be perfectly or fully sounded, except in connection with a vowel. Some consonants, however, approach more nearly to full, perfect, or vowel, sounds, than others do : that is, they make imperfect sounds, of themselves ; sounds, which, although obscure and indistinct, are yet suffi- ciently audible and different, one from another, to be easily distinguished from each other by an attentive ear; while the most careless can hardly mistake them for vowels. The letters of this class, are f h,j, I, m, n, r, s, v, x, x, and the soft c and g. These are called semi- vowels, or half vowels. Four of these r — I, m, n, r, — PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 133 are distinguished by the name of liquids, since they will more rapidly coalesce, or unite, both with one another, and also with other letters, than any other consonants can. Their sounds seem to be blended together, just as two liquids may be mingled. The other class of consonants, which produce no sound at all, without a vowel, are called mutes ; they are b, d, k, p, t, and c and g hard. The letters which always preserve one uniform sound, are b, h, k, I, m, p, q, v, and z. W and y, when they are consonants, have each but one sound. The consonant-sounds in the English language, may be classified in the following manner : — (I.) Those sounded by the aid of the lips, and which are called labial sounds ; the word labial meaning " be- longing to the lips.'''' B, as in bone, dab, web. This letter is silent after m, or before t, in the same syllable, as in comb, dumb, lamb, debt, doubt. F, has two sounds: — 1, its natural sound, as in jive, life ; 2, that of v as in of It has this last sound in no other word. M, as in man, mint, time. P, as in Peter, top, whip. P is silent before s in the same syllable, as in psalm. The combination PH, has the sound of f in phrase, phantom, or of v in nephew, Stephen. V, as in vial, love. W, (when a consonant,) as in war, want. When W occurs before h, it is sounded after it, as in what, when, pronounced hwat, hwen. (II.) Those sounded by the aid of the teeth, and which are called dental sounds ; the word dental signifying " belonging to the teeth.'''' D, has three sounds: — 1, its natural sound, as in dine, food; 2, the sound of t, at the end of some 12 134 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. words, as in mixed, fixed, pronounced mixt, fixt ; 3, the sound of j, or dzh, as in soldiers. J, has a compound sound, something like soft g, or dgh, as in joy, jewel. In the word hallelujah, it has the sound of y ; but in all other words, it has its true sound. S, has four sounds : — 1, a sharp or hissing sound, as in kiss, miss, sea; 2, a flat or buzzing sound, like z, as in Ms, ivas, trees, fleas, chaise; 3, that of sh, as in expulsion ; 4, that of zh, as in measure. In this book, when s has the sound of z, it is printed in Italic, or leaning type. T, has two sounds : — 1, its proper sound, as in time, tune, hut ; 2, that of sh, in nation, satiate. Some- times it is silent, as in mortgage. The combination TH, has two sounds: — 1, acute, hard, or sharp, as in thin, thick, breath, which is denoted in this work, by being printed in Italic, or leaning type ; 2, a soft or flat sound, as in thine, thee, this, breathe. Sometimes the h is silent, as in Thomas. Z, is the same as the flat s, as in maze, gaze. When followed by i, the two letters coalesce, and have the sound of zh, as in glazier. (III.) Those which are sounded by the tongue, and which are called lingual sounds ; the word lingual de- noting " belonging to the tongue." L, as in leap, pill, lull. L is sometimes silent, as in psalm, walk, calm, calf, salve, could, would. R, has two sounds : — 1, hard or rough, as in rude, romp, green ; 2, soft or smooth, as in hare, harm, dark, war. (IV.) Those which are sounded by the aid of the pal- ate, or upper and inner part of the mouth, and which are thence called palatic sounds. K, as in king, key, make. K is always silent before n in the same syllable, as in knife, knee. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 135 Q, is always followed by u, and the two letters have the sound of kw, as in queen, queer, quince. Y, (when a consonant,) as in ye, your, yet, young. (V.) Those which are sounded by the aid of the nose, and which are thence called nasal sounds. N, has two sounds: — 1, as in no, not, nor, line; 2, that of ng, as in sink. It is silent, when preceded by m in the same syllable, as in hymn. NG, as in finger, singer. (VI.) An aspirate, or breathing sound. H, as in hail, hat, him, H is silent after r, as in rhetoric ; and also at the beginning of some words, as honest, heir, hour. When h follows w, in the same syllable, it is sounded as if it were placed before it, as in where, who, pronounced hwere, hwo. (VII.) Some of the consonants have both palatic and dental sounds. C, palatic, before a, o, u, and r, where it has a hard sound, like k, as in cape, cord, cud, crook; and dental, before e, i, and y, where it has a soft sound like 5, as in cement, city, cynic, or z, as in sacrifice. It sometimes has the sound of sh, as in ocean, social, spacious. It is silent before k, %, t, and I, as in sick, czar, victuals, muscle. CH, palatic, like k, as in chaos, chorus, monarch, arch- angel ; and dental, like tch, as in chair, rich, arch, or sh, as in chaise. In this book, when ch has this last sound, it is printed in Italic. G, palatic, before a, o, u, I, and r, when it is hard, as in gate, go, gun, glow, green ; and dental, when it is soft, like j, as in gem, gentle, giant. This soft sound, like j, is represented in this book, by being printed in Italic. G, before e, i, and y, has some- times its hard, and sometimes its soft, sound, as in get, gem, give, gin, foggy, elegy. It is silent before n in the same syllable, as in gnat ; but not when in a separate syllable, as in signify. 136 'practical spelling-book. GH, has several sounds: — 1, at the beginning of words, like g, as in ghost ; 2, in the middle or end of words, like/, as in cough, enough; or, 3, like ck, as in hough, lough, pronounced hock, lock. Some- times both letters are silent, as in high, nigh, fight, X, has three sounds ; two of which unite both the palatic and dental in one : — 1, that of ks, as in ox, exercise; 2, that of gz, as in example; 3, at the beginning of words, the dental sound of z, as in Xenophon. In this book, the second sound of x, (that of gz,) is denoted by being printed in Italic. SECTION LXXXII. PUNCTUATION, AND CAPITAL LETTERS. Punctuation is the method of dividing a written composition into sentences, or parts of sentences, by- means of points, or stops and marks. These points, or stops and marks, show the different pauses and tones of voice which the sense requires. The principal marks are, The Comma, 9 Semicolon, $ Colon, : Period, . Mark of Exclamation, ! Mark of Interrogation, 1 Dash, — Hyphen, - Parentheses, ( ). Brackets, [ [ Caret, A Apostrophe, 5 Diaeresis, •• Marks of Quotation, ft " Index, (LT^ Paragraph, If Section, § Marks of Reference, * f J || At a Comma, you must pause long enough to count one. In reading, the voice must be kept up, at a comma, to show that something more is to be read. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 137 At a Semicolon, you must pause long enough to count, one, two ; and the voice must also be kept up, to show that something more is to be read. At a Colon, you must pause long enough to count, one. two, three ; and the voice must generally be kept up. At a Period, you must pause long enough to count, one, two, three, four ; and the voice should fall, as if there was nothing more to be read. The Mark of Exclamation expresses wonder or sur- prise ; as, "I am astonished at your behavior!" " O ! I have done a great deal of harm ! " The Mark of Interrogation shows that a question is asked. You must pause as long at an interrogation- mark, as at a period, and read what goes before it just as if you were going to ask any one a question. A Hyphen is used to join words and syllables to- gether ; as, eating-room. A Dash generally denotes a sudden change in the sentiment of what you are reading, and sometimes re- quires a longer pause than a period. A Parenthesis includes one sentence within another. That in the parenthesis explains the other, and must be read in a lower and quicker tone of voice than the rest of the sentence. A Caret shows that something has been left out, by o accident ; as, Gerge, for George. This mark is only used in writing, and not in printed books. An Apostrophe denotes that a letter is omitted, to shorten a word ; as, lov'd, for loved. Brackets are sometimes used for the same purpose as the parenthesis, but more correctly to include some word or sentence not originally in the passage, but which has been introduced to illustrate or explain what has been said. 12* 138 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. A Diaeresis denotes that the vowel, over which it is placed, is not connected in sound with the pre- ceding vowel ; as, reedify, pronounced re-ed-i-fy, not reed-i-fy. The Marks of Quotation show that the words be- tween them are not those of the writer of the rest of the passage, but that they are taken from some other person's writings. A Paragraph begins a new subject. An Index points to some remarkable fact, or to something important to be noticed. The Marks of Reference refer to the margin, or to the bottom of the page. Capital letters should be used at the beginning of every sentence, and at the beginning of every line in poetry. The names of persons, places, and important things, should begin with a capital letter ; as, John, New York, Atlantic Ocean, Boston. Also, all per- sonifications of inanimate objects ; as, Nature. The names of the Deity, and all personifications of Deity, should begin with a capital letter; as, God, The Most High, Jesus Christ, the Creator, the Saviour, the Eter- nal, the Great King, he. Also, the pronouns refer- ring to the Deity ; as, God is good ; He is good to all ; He loves all. We should love Him. Note. — The teacher must require his pupils to draw on their slates, or on a blackboard, all the points and marks of pauses, he. ; and then he must explain to them their various uses ; thus, This ( ;) is a semico- lon ; when you come to this, in reading, you must pause long enough to count, one, two, and must keep up your voice, to show that you have something more to read. Unless some such means are resorted to, the child will not understand the use of the marks employed in writing. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 139 SECTION LXXXIII. NUMBERS, FIGURES, AND NUMERAL LETTERS. One 1 I Thirty-seven 37 XXXVII Two 2 II Thirty-eight 38 xxxvni Three 3 III Thirty-nine 39 XXXIX Four 4 IV Forty 40 XL Five 5 V Forty -one 41 XLI Six 6 VI Forty-two 42 XLII Seven 7 VII Forty-three 43 XLIII Eight 8 VIII Forty-four 44 XLIV Nine 9 IX Forty-five 45 XLV Ten 10 X Forty-six 46 XLVI Eleven 11 XI Forty-seven 47 XLVII Twelve 12 XII Forty-eight 48 XL VIII Thirteen 13 XIII Forty-nine 49 XLIX Fourteen 14 XIV Fifty 50 L Fifteen 15 XV Fifty-one 51 LI Sixteen 16 XVI Fifty-two 52 LII Seventeen 17 XVII Fifty-three 53 LIII Eighteen 18 XVIII Fifty-four 54 LIV Nineteen 19 XIX Fifty-five 55 LV Twenty 20 XX Fifty-six 56 LVI Twenty-one 21 XXI Fifty-seven 57 LVII Twenty-two 22 XXII Fifty-eight 58 LVIII Twenty-three 23 XXIII Fifty-nine 59 LIX Twenty-four 24 XXIV Sixty 60 LX Twenty-five 25 XXV Sixty-five 65 LXV Twenty-six 26 XXVI Seventy 70 LXX Twenty-seven 27 XXVII Seventy-five 75 LXXV Twenty-eight 28 XXVII] Eighty 80 LXXX Twenty-nine 29 XXIX Eighty-five 85 LXXXV Thirty 30 XXX Ninety 90 xc Thirty-one 31 XXXI Ninety-five 95 xcv Thirty-two 32 XXXII One hundred 100 c Thirty-three 33 XXXIII Two hundred 200 cc Thirty-four 34 XXXIV Three hundred 300 ccc Thirty-five 35 XXXV Four hundred 400 cccc Thirty-six 36 XXXVI Five hundred 500 D 140 PRACTICAL SPELLIXG-BOOK. Six hundred 600 DC Seven hundred 700 DCC Eight hundred 800 DCCC Nine hundred 900 DCCCC One thousand 1000 M MDCCCXL1V. SECTION LXXXIV. ABBREVIATIONS. A. B. Bachelor of Arts. A. D. In the Year of our Lord. A. M. Before Noon, or in the Forenoon. A. M. In the Year of the World. A. M. Master of Arts. A. A. S. Fellow or Mem- ber of the American Academy. ['g an - U. M. University of Mich- D. D. Doctor of Divinity. S. T. D. Doctor of Di- vinity. LL. D. Doctor of Laws. L. S. Place of the Seal. M. B. Bachelor of Physic or Medicine. M. D. Doctor of Physic or Medicine. P. M. Afternoon. N. B. Take Notice. No. Number. P. S. Postscript. [dred. Per Cent. By the Hun- Viz. Namely, or, As fol- Vide, See. [lows. Vice, In the Room of. Via, By the Way of. &c. And the rest, or, And so forth. M. S. Manuscript. MSS. Manuscripts. Inst. Present (month.) Ult. Last (month.) Capt. Captain. Col. Colonel. Lieut. Lieutenant. Chap. Chapter. Co. Company. Cr. Credit. Dr. Doctor, or, Debtor. Do. or, Ditto, The same. Hon. Honorable. Bp. Bishop. Rev, Reverend. Rt.Rev. Right Reverend, Mr. Mister or Master. Mrs. Mistress. Messrs. Gentlemen, or, Sirs. Esq. Esquire. N. S. New Style. O. S. Old Style. Q. Question. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 141 A. Answer. S. J. C. Supreme Judicial Court. C. C. P. Court of Com- mon Pleas. St. Saint. U. S. A. United States of America. Me. Maine. N. H. New Hampshire. Vt. Vermont. Mass. Massachusetts. R. I. Rhode Island. Con. Connecticut. N. Y. New York. N. J. New Jersey. * Pa. Pennsylvania. Md. Maryland. Va. Virginia. Del. Delaware. N. C. North Carolina. S. C. South Carolina. Geo. Georgia. Miss. Mississippi. Aiab. Alabama. Ken. Kentucky. Ten. Tennessee. 111. Illinois. Ind. Indiana. [bia. D. C. District of Colum- N. O. New Orleans. Phila. Philadelphia. N. E. New England. W. 1. West Indies. U. C. Upper Canada. L. C. Lower Canada. Jan. January. Feb. February. Mar. March. Apr. April. Aii£. August. Sept. September. Oct. October. Nov. November. Dec. December. Jno. John. Jona. Jonathan. Wm. William. Jos. Joseph. Jas. James. Chas. Charles. Geo. George. SECTION LXXXV. A SELECTION OF POPULAR QUOTATIONS, WHICH ARE IN DAILY USE ; TAKEN FROM FOREIGN LAN- GUAGES, AND TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH. Note. — .hat. stands for Latin, Fr. for French. Ad caplandum vulgus. Lat. To ensnare the vulgar. Adjinem. Lat. To the end, or conclusion. Ad infinitum. Lat. To infinity. 142 PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Ad referendum. Lat. To be farther considered. Ad valorem. Lat. According to the value. Alma mater. Lat. A benign mother. Anglice. Lat. In English, English fashion. Avalanche. Fr. The large and increasing ball of snow, which frequently rolls destruction down the sides of the Alps, and other high mountains. Auto dafe. Spanish. An act of faith; the name given in Spain and Portugal to the burning of Jews and her- etics for the love of God. Beau monde. Fr. The fashionable world. Bona fide. Lat. In good faith. Bon mot. Fr. A good word, a witticism. Caput mortuum. Lat. The dead head, the worthless re- mains. Carte blanche. Fr. A blank sheet of paper. Chef d^ceuvre. Fr. A masterpiece. Comme ilfaut. Fr. As it should be. Compos mentis. Law Lat. In his right mind. Coup de main. Fr. A sudden or bold enterprise. De facto. Lat. Law term. In fact; indeed. Dieu et mon droit. Fr. God and my right. En masse. Fr. In a body. E pluribus unum. Lat. One of many. [The motto of the United States. The allusion is to the formation of one federal government by the several constituent States.] Ex. Lat. Out ; ex minister, a minister out of office, Excelsior. Lat. More elevated. [Motto of the State of New York.] Ex officio. Lat. By virtue of his office. Ex parte. Lat. On one side. Fac simile. Lat. Do the like ; a close imitation. Fille de chambre. Fr. A chamber-maid. Fortiter in re. Lat. Firm in acting. Gens d^armes. Fr. Military men ; French body guards. Habeas Corpus. Law Lat. You may have the body. Hicjacet. Lat. Here lies. Honi soit qui mal y pense. Old Fr. Evil be to him that evil thinks. [The motto of the Kings of Great Brit- ain.] PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. 143 Hotel dieu. Fr. The house of God ; a hospital. Ich dien. German. I serve. [Motto of the Prince of Wales.] Impromptu. Lat. In readiness ; a short, extemporaneous composition. In statu quo. Lat. In the state in which it was. In to to. Lat. In the whole ; altogether. Ipse dixit. Lat. He said it himself; on his mere asser- tion. Ipso facto. Lat. In the fact itself. Jet d^eau. Fr. A waterspout, or fountain. Jeu d' 'esprit. Fr. A play of wit ; a witticism. Lex talionis. Lat. The law of retaliation ; an eye for an eye, &c. Literatim. Lat. Letter by letter. Locum tenens. Lat. A deputy ; a substitute. Magna Charta. Lat. The great charter ; the charter of English Liberties, obtained from King John, by the Barons of England. Memento mori. Lat. Remember death. Minimum. Lat. The smallest possible. Mirabile dictu ! Lat. Wonderful to tell. Multum in parvo. Lat. Much in a little. Nem. con., or Nem. diss. Lat. abbreviations. No person opposing or disagreeing. Ne plus ultra. La t Nothing more beyond ; greatest ex- tent. Non compos mentis. Lat. Not of a sound mind. Par nobilefratrum. Lat. A noble pair of brothers. Pater patriot. Lat. The father of his country. Per annum. Lat. By the year. Per diem. Lat. By the day. Prima facie. Lat. On the first face. Primum mobile. Lat. The first cause of motion. Pro bono publico. Lat. For the public good. Pro et con. Lat. For and against. Pro patria. Lat. For my country. Promenade. Fr. A walk ; a place for walking. Pro tempore. Lat. For the time. Quantum. How much. PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK. Quantum sufficit. Lat. A sufficient quantity. Quid nunc. Lat. What now ? [Applied in ridicule to a - person who makes the acquisition of news his princi- pal pursuit.] Regatta. Italian. A boat-race. Reis effendi. A Turkish state minister. Ritornello. Italian. The repeat or burden of a song. Ruse de guerre. Fr. A stratagem of war. Sanctum Sanctorum. Lat. The holy of holies, or most holy place. Sangfroid. Fr. In cold blood ; indifference. Secundum artem. Lat. According to art. Sic transit gloria mundi. Lat. Thus passes away the glory of this world. Sine die. Lat. Without a day ; no day was named for another meeting. Sine qua non. Lat. A thing without which another can- not be. Summum bonum. Lat. The chief good. Sub rosa. Lat. Under the rose ; secretly. Table denote. Fr. An ordinary ; a public table for eating. Totidem verbis. Lat. In just so many words. Toties quoties. Lat. As many times as ; then so often. Toto cozlo. By the whole heavens ; as opposite as the two poles. Ultima ratio. Lat. The last reasoning. Utile dulci. Lat. The useful with the pleasant. Vade mecum. Lat. A book or manual for a person to carry constantly with him. Valet de chambre. Fr. A footman. Verbatim. Lat. Word for word. Versus. Lat. Against. Via. Lat. By the way of. Vice versa. Lat. The terms being exchanged; thus, — The generous should be rich, and vice versa, the rich should be generous. Viva voce. Lat. By the living voice. Vox populi. Lat. The voice of the people. i *» iS RV0F CONGRESS iimiMi! Q gg3l5S91 3 3"I BOSTON, ARE PUBLISHERS OF 'THE SCHOOL LIBRARY,' ISSUED UNDER THE SANCTION OF THE BOARD OF EDUCAT OF MASSACHUSETTS ; AND A LARGE NUMBER OF OTHER VALUABLE BOOKS Educational, Phrenological, and Miscellaneous, ■ CHILD'S 'RIMER. RECOMME >ATIONS. -Marshall, April 17, 18 Mr. J. I^amb : Dear Sir, — 1 am pleased to learn that you are about publishing an edition of your 'Child's Primer, m this State. It is Well fitted to precede the elementary spell- mg-book, and, as a matter of economy, I would recommend it to parents and teachers for beginners. Your obedient servant, JOHN D. PIERCE, Sup-nt of Pub. Inst. the above recommendation of my F. SAWYER, Jr., Sup'nt of Pub. Inst. Ann Arbor, May 15, 1843. I cheerfully concur predecessor. . J. Lamb: Sir,— By vour request I have examined your 'Child's Primer,' and, conceiving it admirably adapt- ed to the purpose for which it' was designed, I heartily join my worthy" ore in recommending it to parents and fachers. to be used in our Primary Schools. O. C. COMSTOCK, Sutfnt of Pub. Inst. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 003 155 913 3 %