Gass 
 Book, 
 
 COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 
 
ANNALS 
 
 OF 
 
 BUFFALO VALLEY, 
 
 (^AJi^of^ Ce. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 I755-I855. 
 
 COLLATED BY 
 
 JOHN BLAIR LINN. 
 
 
 
 HARRISBURG, PA. 
 IjANE s. hart, printer and binder. 
 
 1877. 
 
 f 
 
Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1877, by 
 
 JOHN BLAIR LINN, 
 
 in the oflce of the juibrarian of Congress, at Washington, D. O. 
 
 ./ 
 
 
^- —-. -V.J^V.^ 
 
 
 J)rT?tVLg^ 
 
 
L 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Indian Tribes— Shikellimt— Logan— Aborigines of the Vallev, their 
 Villages and Paths— Purchase of 1754— PexNn's Creek MassIcre- 
 SouRCES OF Emigration to the Yalley — Purchase of 1758. 
 
 N the year 1868, when I proposed to myself the labor of 
 collating these Annals, I supposed their commencement 
 would, in point of time, be with the date of the purchase 
 made at Fort Stanwix, November 5, 1768. I thought 
 too, the first sounds breaking the stillness of the Valley were the cheer- 
 ful ring of the surveyor's axe, and the merry shouts of advancing 
 settlers, let loose upon the "New Purchase," by the land office adver- 
 tisement of February 23, 1769. But when I came to trace the 
 southern line of that purchase, I found it skirting the deserted clearings 
 and blackened hearth-stones of earlier white settlers, of whose sad 
 fate I had never heard. 
 
 These annals, therefore, would not be complete, without an account 
 of the Penn's Creek massacre of 1755, although it makes the history 
 of the early settlement of Buffalo Valley unpleasantly like that of 
 nearly all others in America, in the injustice of the settlers toward the 
 Indians, and the bloody retribution that followed ; and I have further 
 concluded- to add all the reliable information I could obtain of the 
 Valley prior to its settlement by the whites. 
 
 The localities of the Indian tribes prior to William Penn's arrival, 
 (October 24, 1682,) have been identified as follows: "The Five 
 Nations," as they were then called, (after 1714, "The Six Nations,") 
 occupied the territory north of the sources of the Susquehanna and 
 Delaware rivers. After the partial settlement of the country, these 
 
 r < 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 confederate tribes, were known among themselves by the mxatAquan- 
 oschioni, united people; by the English they were called the Six 
 Nations; by the French^ the Northern Iroquois; settlers called them 
 sometimes Mingoes and Maquais. This will explain the reason Shi- 
 cellimy, the first noted inhabitant of Buffalo Valley, is called, in let- 
 ers from Conrad Weiser and others, indifferently, an Iroquois chief, 
 1 Mingo chief, and a chief of the Six Nations. 
 
 South of the mouth of the Hudson lived the Delewares; otherwise 
 railed Lenni-Lenape, or original people. They occupied the coun- 
 ry to the Potomac, and were divided into three tribes : i , the Turkeys ; 
 2, the Turtles; 3, the Wolfs or Muncys. The Muncys occupied 
 Pennsylvania, from the Kittatinny or Blue mountains to the source of 
 :he Susquehanna, and were the most active and warlike. At the time 
 )f Penn's arrival, the Five Nations had brought under their dominion 
 he whole country of the Delawares. About the year 1 700, the Shaw- 
 mese, who came originally from Florida and Georgia, by permission 
 of Penn's government, settled in Cumberland valley, having their 
 ;ouncil fire near Carlisle, and extending northerly into what is now 
 he territory of Snyder county, and as far as Chillisquaque creek, sub- 
 ;ect, of course, to the authority of the Five Nations. 
 
 In 1 71 4, the Five Nations became the Six Nations, by adopt- 
 ing' the Tuscarora tribe which had been expelled from North Caro- 
 !ina and Virginia; and subsequently Shikellimy, who was a chief of 
 he Oneida tribe, was sent down upon the Susquehanna as the gov- 
 ■rning chief of the conquered Delawares and their allies, the Shawa- 
 lese. In a letter of instruction to Smith and Pettys, written in [728, 
 jovernor Patrick Gordon speaks of Shikellimy as being placed over 
 he Shawanese; adding "he is a good man, and I hope will give a 
 rood account of them." Shikellimy fixed his residence at the old 
 JVluncy town, in Buffalo Valley, and here he was visited by the first 
 'vhite man who, as far as we know, ever set foot within it. 
 , (1 737.) 27th February, 1 737, Conrad Weiser records in his jour- 
 i:,al : ' ' Left home for Onondaga, ist March, left Tolheo,^ which is the 
 last place in the inhabited part of Pennsylvania. On the 4th we 
 '•cached Shamokin^ but did not find a living soul at home who could 
 issist us in crossing the Susquehanna river. On the 5th we lay still; 
 
 ' At the gap in the Blue mountains, where the Big Swataia breaks through into 
 lliebauon county. - Now Sunbury. 
 
INTR OD UCTION. 
 
 we had now made about eighty miles. 6th, we observed a smoke on 
 the other side of the river, and an Indian trader came over and took 
 us across. We again lay still to-day. On the yth we started along 
 one branch of the river, going to the north-west. An old Shawano, 
 by name Jenoniawana, took us in his canoe across the creek at Zilly 
 Squachne.^ On the 8th we reached the village where Shikelimo 
 lives, who was appointed to be my companion and guide on the jour- 
 ney. He was, however, far from home on a hunt. Weather became 
 bad and the waters high, and no Indian could be induced to seek Shi- 
 kelimo until the 12 th, when two young Indians agreed to go out in 
 search of him. On the i6th, they returned with word that Shikelimo 
 would be back next day, which so happened. The Indians were out 
 of provisions at this place. I saw a new blanket given for about one 
 third of a bushel of Indian corn." 
 
 The site of this village is, beyond doubt, on the farm of Hon. 
 George F. Miller, at the mouth of Sinking run, or Shikellimy's run,' 
 as it was called formerly, at the old ferry, one half mile below Milton, - 
 on the Union county side. It is a beautiful spot for a village; pro- 
 tected on the north by a range of hills, with the river much narrowed 
 in front, giving easy access to the Northumberland side. 
 
 When the land office was open for "the new purchase," on the 3d 
 of April, 1769, there were very many applications made for this loca- 
 tion. In all of them it is called either old Muncy town, Shikellimy's 
 town, or Shikellimy's old town. It is referred to as a locality in hun- 
 dreds of applications for land in the Valley. I will only quote one : 
 " Samuel Huling applies for three hundred acres on the West Branch 
 of the Susquehanna, about one mile above Shikellimy's old town, in- 
 cluding a small run that empties into the river opposite an island." 
 The Huling location was secured by John Fisher, one of the oldest of 
 our settlers, and West Milton is now built upon it. Shikellimy's town 
 was on the " Joseph Hutchinson" and " Michael Weyland," warran- 
 tee tracts, from whom the title can be readily traced to the present 
 owner. Colonel James Moore, who lived there many years, told nie 
 that thousands of Indian darts were plowed up there, and once, when 
 blasting at the quarry, they uncovered a grave hollowed in the solid 
 rock, in which they found the skeleton of an Indian. 
 
 Shikellimy, sometime after Weiser's visit, removed to Shamokin, 
 
 ' Chillisquaque. 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 now Sunbury, as a more convenient point for intercourse with the 
 Proprietary Governors. On the 9th of October, 1747, Conrad 
 Weiser says he was at Shamokin, and that " Shikellimy was very sick 
 with fever. He was hardly able to stretch forth his hand. His wife, 
 three sons, one daughter, and two or three grandchildren were all bad 
 with the fever. There were three buried out of the family a few days 
 before, one of whom was Cajadis, who had been married to his daugh- 
 ter above fifteen years, and was reckoned the best hunter among all the 
 Indians." He recovered, however, from this sickness, and, in March, 
 1748, we find him at Weiser's, in Tulpehocken, with his eldest son, 
 Tagheneghdourus. He died in April 1 749, at Sunbury, and the latter 
 succeeded him as chief and representative of the Six Nations.^- 
 
 Loskiel thus notices this celebrated inhabitant of our Valley : 
 "Being the first magistrate and head chief of all the Iroquois living 
 on the banks of the Susquehanna as far as Onondaga, [now Syracuse, 
 New York,] he thought it incumbent upon him to be very circumspect 
 in his dealings with the white people. He mistrusted the brethren 
 [Moravians] at first, but upon discovering their sincerity, became 
 their firm and real friend. Being much engaged in political affairs, 
 he had learned the art of concealing his sentiments; and, therefore, 
 never contradicted those who endeavored to prejudice his mind 
 against the missionaries, though he always suspected their motives. 
 In the last years of his life he became less reserved, and received those 
 brethren that came to Shamokin into his house. He assisted them in 
 building and defended them against the insults of drunken Indians, 
 being himself never addicted to drinking, because, as he expressed it, 
 he never wished to make a fool of himself. He had built his house 
 upon pillars for safety, in which he always shut himself up when any 
 drunken frolic was going on in the village. In this house, Bishop 
 Johannes Von Watteville, and his company, visited and preached the 
 Gospel to him. It was then the Lord opened his heart. He listened 
 with great attention, and at last, with tears, respected the doctrine of 
 a crucified Jesus, and received it with faith. During his visit to Bethle- 
 hem, a remarkable change took place in his heart, which he could not 
 conceal. He found comfort, peace, and joy by faith in his Redeemer, 
 and the brethren considered him a candidate for baptism. But hear- 
 ing that he had been already baptized by a Roman Catholic priest 
 
 1 As such, signing the deed for the Indian purchase of 22d August, 1749. 
 
INTRODUCTlOh. 
 
 ,in Canada, they only endeavored to impress his mind with a proper 
 idea of the sacramental ordinance, upon which he destroyed a small 
 idol which he wore about his neck. After his return to Shamokin, 
 the grace of God bestowed upon him was truly manifest. In this 
 state of mind, he was taken ill, was attended by brother David Zeis- 
 berger, and in his presence fell asleep, happy in the Lord, in full 
 assurance of obtaining eternal life through the merits of Jesus 
 Christ." 
 
 The most celebrated of his sons was Logan, the Mingo chief. 
 By the journal of Mack and Grube, Moravian missionaries, it appears 
 he lived at the mouth of the Chillisquaque creek, August 26, 1753. 
 In 1 765 he lived in Raccoon valley, at the foot of the Tuscarora 
 mountain. Loudon, in his " collections," says he could speak tol- 
 erable English, was a remarkably tall man— over six feet high 
 
 and well proportioned ; of brave, open, and manly countenance, as 
 straight as an arrow, and apparently afraid of no one. In 1 768 and 
 1769 he resided near Reedsville, in Mifflin county, and has given his 
 name to the spring near that place, to Logan's branch of Spring 
 creek, in Centre county, Logan's path, &c. See a notice of an 
 interview with him in the memoir of Samuel Maclay, postea, year 
 181 1. Heckewelder says he was introduced to Logan in 1772. 
 "I thought him a man of superior talents. He then intended set- 
 tling on the Ohio, below Big Beaver. In April, 1773, I called at 
 his settlement, and was received with great civility." In 1774 oc- 
 curred Lord Dunmore's expedition against the Shawanese towns, now 
 Point Pleasant, West Virginia, which was the occasion of Logan's 
 celebrated speech, commencing "I appeal to any white man to say 
 if he ever entered Logan's cabin hungry, and he gave him not meat ; ' ' 
 which will go down to all time, whether properly or not, as a splen- 
 did outburst of Indian eloquence. 
 
 Heckewelder says he afterwards became addicted to drinking, and 
 was murdered, between Detroit and hisownhom.e, in October, 1781, 
 and he was shown the place. "He was, at the time, sitting with 
 his blanket over his head, before a camp-fire, his elbows resting on 
 his knees, when an Indian, who had taken some offense, stole behind 
 him, and buried his tomahawk in his brains." Howe's Ohio Col- 
 lections, page 409, who quotes as his authority Good Hunter, an 
 aged Mingo chief. 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Aborigines of the Valley. 
 
 Of the Indians who occupied Buffalo Valley, nothing can be posi- 
 tively ascertained, except that they belonged to the Muncy-Minsi 
 (or Wolf) tribe of the Lenni-Lenape, or original people. The 
 Valley was more a hunting ground than a residence. Some remains 
 have been found at prominent points along the river, as, for instance, 
 at Colonel Slifer's house, on the river, above the mouth of Buffalo 
 creek, some skeletons, evidently of one family only, were uncovered. 
 The large mounds were on the other side of the river, on Joseph 
 Nesbit's place ; and the principal towns or villages, Chillisquaque, 
 at the mouth of that creek, south side, and Shamokin, on the islaiid 
 and mainland, where Sunbury now stands. 
 
 In quite a number' of applications of 1769 mention is, however, 
 made of an old Indiaii town and fort, on the Dietrick Rees tract, 
 just above New Columbia; an Indian improvement at Laird How- 
 ard's spring, in Kelly; one on the Craig tract, on the river, near 
 Winfield ; one below that yet, on the Andrew Culbertson, afterwards 
 known as the Merrill place; on the "Richard Edward's," now 
 Stoltzfus' place, in Kelly, was an Indian field and plum orchard; 
 and there was an improvement at Strohecker's landing, south of 
 Lewisburg. 
 
 Indian Paths. 
 
 The great Indian path through the Valley left the river at the first 
 ravine, a few rods below the Northumberland bridge, passed up it, 
 following the main road, as it now is, for a few miles, then turning 
 towards the river, it came down the hill upon the Merrill place ; 
 thence followed the bank of the river, up through the old Mac- 
 pherson place, to Lees, Winfield ; thence passing up the present 
 road, it crossed directly through the fields from the Gundy road to 
 Fourth street, Lewisburg; thence to Buffalo creek, where the iron 
 bridge now is, a very old fording place ; thence it curved towards 
 the river, passed up through Shikellimy's town, and along the river 
 road, around the rocks, into White Deer Hole valley. A. H. Mc- 
 Henry, the noted surveyor, told me it could be distinctly traced by 
 the calls of surveys; but as all traces of it are now obliterated within 
 the Valley, further identification is unnecessary. 
 
INTROD UCTION. 
 
 The paths through the Valley westward are obliterated, historically 
 and topographically, except the small portion of the one passing 
 into Brush valley, which may still be traced in the woods west of 
 Solomon Heberling's. 
 
 Early Notices of Names of Creeks, dc. 
 
 Buffalo creek is mentioned by its name in the Indian deed of Octo- 
 ber 23, 1758. Penn's is called John Penn's creek in the same deed. 
 In the deed of July 6, 1 75 4, it is called Kaarondinhah . It was called 
 by the settlers, between 1754 and 1769, and marked on Scull's map 
 of 1759, Big Mahany, and is so recited in deeds as late as 1772. 
 Thus the "Henry Christ" warrantee, (now in Monroe township, 
 Snyder county,) afterwards Herbster's place, is described as in 
 " Buffalo township, formerly of the name of Shamokin, and bounded 
 by Big Mahany creek, lands of George Gabriel, Abraham Herr, and 
 
 others." Deed of Herbster to George Haines, 26th May, 1772. In 
 
 a deed from John Turner to John Harris, June, 1755, for an im- 
 provement, (now in Hartley township, owned byR. V. B. Lincoln, 
 Esquire.) the creek is called "Mahanoy." 
 
 Turtle creek was so_ called before 1769, and in the latter year I 
 found the stream below it, traversing Dry valley, called Lee's run, 
 after John Lee, the first settler of the site of Winfield. 
 
 Switzer run had an alias in 1769 — Lick run, probably after Peter 
 Lick, who was .carried off by the Indians in 1755 ; but the interest 
 felt in the mournful tragedy hereafter related substituted the name 
 of Switzer for the name given it by the surveyors in 1769. 
 
 White Deer creek is marked on Scull's map of 1 759 with the Indian 
 name of Opaghtanoten, or White Flint creek. Tlie run entering 
 the river on the late Samuel Henderson's place, in White Deer town- 
 ship, was called by William Blythe, the first settler there, Red-Bank 
 run; and the bottom above, between it and White Deer creek, 
 had, before 1769, the name Turkey bottom, from the immense num- 
 ber of wild turkeys haunting it. 
 
 Dog run came in by the old Indian fort, which stood near New 
 Columbia. Beaver run, in Buffalo township, had that name before 
 1 769, from a large beaver dam near its mouth. Wilson's run, enter- 
 ing at Lewisburg, had the name of Limestone run. White Springs 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 (at Barber's, in Limestone township) is so called in the return of 
 a survey made by Colonel John Armstrong, in 1755. Laurel run 
 had that name prior to 1773; and Spruce run is so called on Colonel 
 Kelly's application for land upon it, dated nth June, 1769. 
 
 The hills bounding the Valley on the south were called Shamokin, 
 from the earliest times I find them mentioned ; of late years they 
 have had the name of Chestnut Ridge. Nittany mountain had its 
 name as early as 1768. Buffalo and White Deer mountains took 
 their names from the respective creeks. Jack's mountain, extending 
 from Centreville, Snyder county, to Scottsville, Huntingdon county, 
 was so called from Jack Armstrong, an Indian trader, who was mur- 
 dered in the narrows, in 1744, near Mt. Union. Pennsylvania 
 Archives, second volume, 136. 
 
 (1755.) The Mahany or Penn's Creek Massacre. 
 
 Cumberland county was erected out of Lancaster, on the 27th of 
 January, 1750, and was to embrace all the lands within the Province 
 of Pennsylvania westward of the Susquehanna and north and west- 
 ward of York county. The country was then purchased from the 
 Indians as far north as the present southern line of Perry county. 
 Nevertheless, settlers pushed on north of the boundary — the Kitta- 
 tinny or Blue mountains. As early as 1753, at a council held at 
 Carlisle, the Indians protested against the occupation of the country 
 north of the line by the white settlers, and "wished the people 
 called back from the ' Juniata ' lands until matters were settled between 
 them and the French, lest damage should be done, and then the 
 English would think ill of them." Then came the treaty of the 6th 
 of July, 1754, at Albany, between the chiefs of the Mohawks, 
 Oneidas, Onondagos, Cayugas, Senecas, and Tuscaroras, known as 
 the Six Nations, and Thomas and Richard Penn, conveying that 
 part of the Province west and south of a line commencing at the 
 " Kittochtinny " or Blue hills, on the Susquehanna river, (a little 
 south of where the southern line of Perry county now strikes the 
 river ;) thence, by said river, to a point one mile above the mouth 
 of a certain creek, called Kaarondinhah ; thence north-west and by 
 west as far as the Province of Pennsylvania extends, to its western 
 line or boundary, &c. On an old map I have, printed in 1771, this 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 line is marked running from a mile above Penn's creek, N. 45*^ 
 W., crossing the river a little above the iiiouth of Sinnemahoning, 
 and striking Lake Erie a few miles north of Presqu'Isle, (now 
 Erie.) Wirtiin the Valley, it crossed Penn's creek, near New 
 Berlin, the turnpike, near Ray's church, thence over Buffalo creek 
 and mountain. 
 
 The Indians alleged afterwards (see Weiser's journal of the con- 
 ference at Aughwick, September, 1754) that they did not under- 
 stand the points of the compass, and that if the line was so run as 
 to include the West Branch of the Susquehanna, they would never 
 agree to it. 
 
 Settlers, nevertheless, pushed their way up along Penn's creek. 
 George Gabriel had a house where Selinsgrove now stands as early 
 as 1754, and Godfrey Fryer, John Young, George Linn, George 
 Schnable, and others were in his immediate neighborhood. The 
 Proprietaries, with their understandmg of the line, made surveys along 
 Penn's creek, in Buffalo Valley, as early as the 13th of February, 
 1755 ; and William Doran had an improvement where Jacob Shively 
 now lives before that date. I have a copy of a survey General 
 John Armstrong, then deputy under Nicholas Scull, made for Henry 
 Nufer, adjoining Doran's, dated 13th February, 1755. 
 
 The inhabitants along the creek in the Valley proper numbered 
 twenty-five. Their names and their places of residence, for the most 
 part, were obliterated with them. One John Turner had improved 
 Esquire Lincoln's place. It appears by John Harris' ledger, pub- 
 lished among "The Dauphin County Historical Contributions," 
 that Turner sold his improvement to Harris, June 17, 1755. There 
 was a settlement near Kaufman's grist-mill. A man by the name of 
 Andrew Smith lived at White springs. Jacob LeRoy, or King, as 
 he was called by the settlers, lived at the spring on the late Hon. Isaac 
 Slenker's place, in Limestone township. There was a settlement on 
 the New Berlin road, called for many years afterwards Breylinger's 
 improvement, after the German killed there. The late Philip Pon- 
 tius told me his grandfather had made an improvement at Cedar 
 spring, his late residence, in 1755. 
 
 (i 755-) Braddock's defeat (July 9) emboldened the Indians, and 
 they determined to clear out all these settlements ; and they did it 
 so effectually, that although, by the treaty of 1758, the western part 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 of the Valley became the Proprietaries, no settlers ventured upon 
 the bloody ground until after the surveys of 1768. 
 
 In October, 1755, the Indians came down upon the settlers. Two 
 men were murdered within five miles of George Gabriel's, and four 
 women carried off. The following cotemporary record tells the 
 whole story. It is a petition, addressed to Robert Hunter Morris, 
 then Governor under the Proprietaries : 
 
 "We, the subscribers, living near the mouth of Penn's creek, on 
 the west side of the Susquehanna, humbly show that, on or about 
 the 1 6th October, the enemy came down upon said creek, killed, 
 scalped, and carried away all the men. women, and children, amount- 
 ing to twenty-five in number, and wounded one man, who, fortu- 
 nately, made his escape, and brought us the news. Whereupon the 
 subscribers went out and buried the dead. We found thirteen, who 
 were men and elderly women, and one child, two weeks old; the 
 rest being young women and children, we suppose to be carried 
 away. The house (where we suppose they finished their murder,) we 
 found burned up, the man of it, named Jacob King, a Swisser, lying 
 just by it. He lay on his back, barbarously burned, and two toma- 
 hawks sticking in his forehead ; one of them newly marked W. D. 
 We have sent them to your Honor. The terror of which has drove 
 away all the inhabitants except us. We are willing to stay, and 
 defend the land, but need arms, ammunition, and assistance. With- 
 out them, we must flee, and leave the country to the mercy of the 
 enemy. 
 
 George Glidwell, Jacob Simmons, 
 
 George Auchmudy, Conrad Craymer, 
 
 John McCahan, George Fry, 
 
 Abraham Sowerkill, George Schnable, 
 
 Edmund Matthews, George Aberhart, 
 
 Mark Curry, Daniel Braugh, 
 
 William Doran, George Linn, 
 
 Dennis Mucklehenny, Godfrey Fryer. 
 
 John Young, 
 Jacob King, alias John Jacob LeRoy, was killed at the spring on 
 the late Mr. Slenker's farm. He came over, in the ship Phoenix, 
 from Rotterdam, arriving at Philadelphia, November 22, 1752, 
 in the same vessel which brought over John Thomas Beck, grand- 
 
INTR OD UCTION. 
 
 father of Doctor S. L. Beck, of Lewisburg. Rupp's Collection, 
 page 225. 
 
 In the third volume of the Pennsylvania Archives, on page 633, 
 will be found the "Examination of Barbara Liningaree and Mary- 
 Roy.' 1759- They say they were both inhabitants of this Province, 
 and lived on John Penn's creek, near George Gabriel's; that on 
 the 1 6th October, 1755, a party of fourteen Indians fell upon the 
 inhabitants at that creek by surprise, and killed fifteen, and took and 
 carried off prisoners examinants and eight more, viz ; Jacob Roy, 
 brother of Mary Roy ; Rachel Liningaree, sister of Barbara ; Marian 
 AVheeler; Hannah, wife of Jacob Breyhnger, and two of her child- 
 ren, (one of which died at Kittanin' of hunger;) Peter Lick and 
 two of his sons, named John and William. 
 
 " The names of the Indians were Kech Kinnyperlin, Joseph Com- 
 pass and young James Compass, young Thomas Hickman, one Kal- 
 asquay, Souchy, Machynego, Katoochquay. These examinants were 
 carried to the Indian town Kittanning, where they staid until Sep- 
 tember, 1756, and were in ye fort opposite thereto when Colonel 
 Armstrong burned it. Thence they were carried to Fort Duquesne, 
 and many other women and children, they think an hundred, who 
 were carried away from the several Provinces of Pennsylvania, 
 Maryland and Virginia. They staid two months, and were carried to 
 Saucang, twenty-five miles below, at the mouth of Big Beaver creek. 
 In the spring of 1757 they were carried to the Kuskusky, up Beaver 
 creek twenty-five miles, where they staid until they heard the Eng- 
 lish were marching against Duquesne, and then the Indians quitted 
 Kuskusky, and took these examinants with them to Muskingham, as 
 they think, one hundred and fifty miles, On the i6th March made 
 their escape, and got to Pittsburgh on the 31st." The date of this 
 deposition is about May 6, 1759. 
 
 There was a Catharine Smith among the prisoners re-captured by 
 General Armstrong, September 8, 1756, at Kittanning, and brought 
 back, said to have been taken from Shamokin ; but as her name is 
 not mentioned above, it may be doubtful whether she was of the 
 family of Andrew Smith, who lived at White springs. As the others 
 were captives over four years, possibly they had forgotten her. 
 Barbara Leininger was the name of the girl called Liningaree. The 
 next place west of David Oldt, and about two miles below New 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Berlin, is called, in the old survey, " Breylinger's improvement," 
 and was where Jacob Breylinger lived. Peter Lick, no doubt, lived 
 on Lick run, or Switzer run, a short distance above New Berlin. 
 A full narrative of Anne M. LeRoy and Barbara Leininger's adven- 
 tures was published by Peter Miller, at Philadelphia, in 1759. ^ 
 have had diligent search made for it, but without success. 
 
 Anne M. LeRoy was living in Lancaster in 1764, when she made 
 affidavit again in regard to her capture and the visits of the Cones- 
 toga Indians to Kittanning. The only further trace of the LeRoy 
 family that I can find is a recital in a deed, that on the 19th of 
 October, 1772, John James LeRoy, the son, of Prince George 
 county, Maryland, sold the LeRoy tract in Buffalo Valley to Andrew 
 Pontius, of Tulpehocken. The latter was an uncle of the late Philip 
 Pontius, of Buffalo, to whom I am indebted for several reminis- 
 cences. He said, years afterward, when clearing up John Hoy's 
 place, adjoining, they found several gold eagles, dropped, no doubt, 
 by the Indians or their captives. This gave rise to rumors that money 
 had been buried on the place. Many expeditions were made by 
 night to dig for the treasure ; but, except a few sleeve buttons, noth- 
 ing was ever found. From conversation with people of the neigh- 
 borhood, I find the witch cloud still lingers about that fateful spring, 
 although the wintry winds of more than a century have swept above 
 it. Switzer run preserves the nationality of the first settler. It 
 empties into Penn's creek, a short distance above New Berlin. 
 
 Among the settlers on Middle creek, then called Christunn, I. 
 D. Rupp informed me, was John Zehring, a relative of the Rupp 
 family, who was driven off by this massacre. He is corroborated 
 by a recital I find upon Zehring's warrant, dated November 12, 
 1765, " for two hundred acres, including his improvement made in 
 1755, from which he was driven off by the Indians, adjoining Chris- 
 tunn or Middle creek." The Zehrings have still descendants there. 
 Old Peter Decker married a Zehring, and Michael S. Decker, of 
 Paxtonville, Snyder county, is of the family. 
 
 (1756.) A sequence of the Penn's creek massacre was the building 
 of Fort Augusta, (Sunbury,) at the then Indian town of Shamokin, 
 in July, 1756. This was done with the consent and at the request 
 of the Indians, from a well-grounded fear that the French meant to 
 take possession of the place, and build a fort there. Among the 
 
INTRODUCTION. 13 
 
 officers of Colonel Clapham's regiment, by whom the fort was built, 
 I note the names of John Hambright and William Plunket, after- 
 wards prominent in the political affairs of Northumberland county. 
 G.eorge Gabriel and Joseph Greenwood, as appears by their auto- 
 graphs to an affidavit before James Burd, Esquire, dated 2d June, 
 1756, were sworn as guides to Colonel Clapham's regiment. 
 
 Ensign Miles, afterward Colonel Samuel Miles, of the Revolution, 
 and proprietor of Milesburg, in Centre county, who belonged to 
 Colonel Clapham's regiment, in his manuscript journal says, "we 
 marched up the west side of the Susquehanna, until we came oppo- 
 site where the town of Sunbury now stands, where we crossed in 
 batteaux, and I had the honor of being the first man who put his 
 foot on shore at landing, In building the fort, Captain Levi Trump 
 and myself, had charge of the workmen ; and after it was finished, 
 our battalion remained there in garrison until the year 1758. In 
 the summer of 1757, I was nearly taken prisoner by the Indians. 
 At about one-half mile distance from the fort stood a large tree that 
 bore excellent plums, on an open piece of ground, near what is 
 now called the Bloody spring. Lieutenant Samuel Atlee and myself 
 one day took a walk to this tree, to gather plums. While we were 
 there, a party of Indians lay a short distance from us, concealed in 
 the thicket, and had nearly got between us and the fort, when a 
 soldier, belonging to the bullock guard not far from us, came to the 
 spring to drink. The Indians were thereby in danger of being dis- 
 covered; and, in consequence, fired at and killed the soldier, by 
 which means we got off, and returned to the fort in much less time 
 than we were in coming out." See Burd's journal, Pennsylvania 
 Archives, second series, 745, for an interesting account of difficul- 
 ties encountered in completing the fort. 
 
 As it will be of interest to many to trace their ancestry as far 
 backward in the history of the settlement of the Province as possible, 
 I have collated from I. D. Rupp's histories and other sources all I 
 could find in reference to the emigration and former settlement of 
 the families of the Valley. 
 
 (1723.) Among those who came from Albany, New York, with 
 Conrad Weiser, and settled in Tulpehocken, now in Berks county, 
 in the year 1723, occur the names of Henry Boyer, Philip Brown, 
 Simon Bogenreif, George Christ, John A. Diffenbach, Jacob Fisher, 
 
14 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Jacob Follmer, Jacob Huffman, Peter Kephart, John Pontius, Leon- 
 ard Rees, Henry Reidenbaugh, Adam Ream, John Spyker, Ulrich 
 Schwartz, Adam Stein, Peter Sarvey, Mathias Shafer, Christopher 
 Weiser. 
 
 In the same year, there were already settled in Donegal township, 
 Lancaster county, the Andersons, Campbells, Clarks, Cooks, Caro- 
 thers, Ewings, Fosters, Howards, Kerrs, Kellys, Lowreys, Littles, 
 Moores, McClellans, Pattersons, Semples, Scotts, Smiths, and 
 Walkers, 
 
 (1729, August.) Robert Barber, Esquire, ancestor of the Barber 
 family, was the first sheriff of Lancaster county. The Wrights came 
 from Lancastershire, England, in 1714. Settled at Columbia in 
 1726, ^nd John Wright named Lancaster county from his old resi- 
 dence. 
 
 As early as 1735, the following families had settled in Lancaster 
 county : the Allisons, Adams's, Alexanders, Bishops, Buchanans, 
 Barretts, Bears, Blythes, Blacks, Douglass's, Daughertys, Greenes, 
 Hustons, Hennings, Hendersons, Irwins, Ketlers, Keysers, Klings, 
 Lowdons, Lynks, McClenahans, Murrays, Mitchells, Meixells, Mc- 
 Phersons, McClures, Phillips's, Royers, Ramsays, Robinsons, Ranks, 
 Ross's, Steeles, Saunders's, Thomas's, Wolf 's,"Wise's, Webbs, Wat- 
 sons, Walters, and Walls. 
 
 (1749, September 27.) Wendell Baker, ancestor of the Baker 
 family, landed at Philadelphia. On the same vessel came John 
 George Schnable, John Henry Beck, John Simon Shreiner, and R. 
 Fries. 
 
 (1750.) Among the dwellers in West Derry, Lancaster county, 
 (now Dauphin,) were the Candors, ^Clarks, Chambers, Caldwells, 
 Lairds, Morrisons, Ramseys, Shaws, and Thompsons. In East Derry, 
 the Boyds, James Duncan, James Foster, John Foster, Hugh and 
 Patrick Hayes, William Huston, John Moore, Orrs, William Wilson. 
 In Paxton, West — Robert Correy, George Gabriel, George Gillespie, 
 James Harris, Samuel Hunter, Thomas McCormick, James Mc- 
 Knight, James Reed. South end — John Gray, John Johnston, Rich- 
 ard McClure, John Morrison, John Wilson. Of the Narrows — the 
 Armstrongs, Robert Clark, George Clark, William Foster, Thomas 
 McKee. In Hanoverl— John Brown,7ames Finney, William Irwin, 
 William Laird, Thomas McGuire, Robert Martin, George Miller, 
 
INTR OD UC TlO.y. 15 
 
 Andrew Wallace, Samuel Young. In Hanover, East — John Craw- 
 ford, John Graham, Robert Haslett, Adam Harper, Jacob Musser, 
 Edward McMurray, and James Young. 
 
 In Middleton township, Cumberland county, we find the names of 
 William Armstrong, William Blythe, James Chambers, James Dun- 
 lap, William Fleming, ^Andrew Gregg, James Henderson, Jonathan 
 Holmes, William Jordan, John Kinkaid, Hugh Laird, John Robb, 
 John Reed, Robert Reed, George Templeton. In Hopewell, Cum- 
 berland also, were John Beatty, Robert Chambers, John Nesbit, 
 Robert Simonton, William Thompson. In Logan township, now 
 in Franklin county, were Isaac Grier, William Greenlee, Samuel Jor- 
 dan, Samuel Laird, William Linn, senior, William Linn, junior. In 
 Peters township, same county, John Potter, (father of the General) 
 and Samuel Templeton. 
 
 (1754.) In Bethel, the most remote north-west township in Berks 
 county, we find, in 1754, George Boeshor, George Emerick, Michael 
 Grove, George Grove, Nicholas Pontius, George /^^eninger, Jacob 
 Leininger, Jacob Seirer, Ulrich Seltzer, Baltzer Smith, Michael 
 Weyland. 
 
 (1756.) In Cumru township, occur the names of George Engle- 
 hart, George Ream, Andrew Wolf, &c. In Exeter, the same year, 
 the names of John Aurand, William Boone, Peter Boechtel, Leonard 
 High, Fredrick Kunkle, Mordecai Lincojnj Michael Ludwig, Peter 
 Noll, Peter Smith, Jacob Yoder. In Greenwich, same year, John C. 
 Baum, Henry Faust, Michael Gotshall, Peter Leonard, Michael 
 Leiby, jSIichael Lesher, Michael Smith. In Heidelberg, same year, 
 George Aumiller, Peter Betz, Peter Bolender, Philip Bower, Henry 
 Christ, Ludwig Derr, Andrew Ruhl, George Rorabaugh, Frederick 
 Stump, Jacob Wetzel. In the docket of Peter Spyker, Esquire, 
 Tulpehocken, 1756, we find, among the names of referees, John 
 George Anspach, Henry Bogenreif, George Christ, Peter Gebhart, 
 John Heberling, Henry Hetzel, Peter Kaufman, Jacob Lutz, Jacob 
 Miller, Nicholas Pontius, Nicholas Reed, William Spotts, Adam 
 Smith, Martin Trester, Nicholas Wolf, Peter Winkleplecht, Jacob 
 Zerbe. He records that Adam Guyer was bound to learn the shoe- 
 maker's trade, (a trade the same family, to my knowledge, followed 
 a hundred years.) John George Wolfe also bound to Jacob Follmer, 
 for thirteen years, &c. 
 
it ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 (i 757.) In Maiden Creek township, occur the names of the Dun- 
 kels and Hoys. In Maxatawney, John Bear, Andrew Boahch, 
 John Frederick, Joseph Gross, Samuel Guilden, Samuel High, Jacob 
 Kaufman, Henry Lutz. In Oley, John Yoder. In Rockland, John 
 Albright, George Angstadt, Lewis Bitting, Peter Keiffer, John Moil, 
 Henry Mertz. Windsor — Mathias Alspach, Killian Dunkel, Jacob 
 Hummel, John Hess, Conrad Heiser, Wendell Keiffer, Jacob Roush 
 Michael Rentchler, Leonard Reber. October 16, 1768, came over 
 in the same vessel Michael Beeber, Valentine Beeber, (grandfather of 
 John Beeber, late of Lewisburg, deceased, to whose accurate mem- 
 ory I am indebted for many dates and incidents,) Andrew Hauck, 
 and John Peter Frick. More than a century has elapsed, and their 
 descendants are still within an hour's ride of each other. 
 
 (i 758.) The south-western portion of Buffalo Valley was included 
 in the purchase from the Six Nations, made at Easton, Pennsylvania, 
 on the 23d of October, 1758, with the bounds of which they de- 
 clared themselves perfectly satisfied. I copy the boundary line from 
 the original deed in the Executive Chamber, at Harrisburg : " Begin- 
 ning at the Kittachtinny or Blue hills, on the west bank of the river 
 Susquehannah, and running thence up the said river, binding there- 
 with, to a mile above the mouth of a creek called Kaarondinhah, (or 
 John Penn's creek;) thence north-west and by west to a creek called 
 Buffalo creek; thence west to the east side of the Allegany or Appa- 
 lachian hills; thence, along the east side of the said hills, binding 
 therewith, to the south line or boundary of the said Province ; thence, 
 by the said south line or boundary, to the south side of the Kit- 
 tachtinny hills; thence, by the south side of the said hills, to the 
 place of beginning." 
 
 The change of boundary from that of the deed of 1754, it will be 
 observed, excluded all the territory subsequently included in the 
 purchases of 1768 and 1784, or more than one half of the State as 
 now constituted. To localize and modernize the change and new 
 boundary, it excluded more than the one half of the territory of 
 Union county as at present constituted. The boundary, instead of 
 running north-west to Lake Erie, stopped at Buffalo creek, near 
 where Orwig's mill now stands, in Lewis township, and thence ran 
 directly west, or nearly so, to the junction of Spring creek with Bald 
 Eagle, now Milesburg; thence south-westerly to what is now the 
 
INTRODUCTION. 17 
 
 north-east corner of Cambria ; thence along the west side of Blair and 
 Bedford, terminating at the Maryland line, between the boundaries 
 of Bedford and Somerset counties. 
 
 This line was never run, nor were there any official surveys made 
 quite near it until six years afterwards. So cautious were the Pro- 
 prietaries at this period of offending the Indians by making surveys 
 beyond the lines, that the most positive instructions were given on 
 this head, and the west end of Nittany mountains, Lamont now, 
 appeared to have been assumed as the most northerly and westerly 
 station. Its assumed locality, however, marked the boundary between 
 Cumberland and Berks counties, which can still be identified upon 
 the ground. As, for instance, a little distance north of Ray's church, 
 on the turnpike, on or near the boundary line of Benjamin and Abra- 
 ham Mench's, stood, and probably stands yet, a black oak, common 
 corner of the Little, Templeton, Mackamiss, and David Johnston's 
 surveys of 1769. The course of the south-western line of the latter 
 survey being N. 57° W., that of the county or Indian line N. 45° 
 W., left a little corner of the David Johnston, a Berks county survey, 
 in Cumberland county, and it was not cleared for many years, under 
 the supposition that it could not be held by the David Johnston 
 warrant, not being in Berks county. 
 
 The north-east corner of this purchase was, no doubt, made one 
 mile above the mouth of Penn's creek, in order to include Gabriel's 
 improvement, on the spot where SeHnsgrove now stands. Other- 
 wise, what more natural course than to stop opposite the mouth of 
 Mahanoy creek, the north-western corner of the purchase of 1749,^ 
 now Port Trevorton. 
 
 A line of marked trees was made by George Gabriel and the 
 Indians, from a Spanish oak standing on the river bank, which, in 
 1766, when William Maclay ran the John Cox survey, stood two 
 hundred and ninety-two perches above the mouth of Penn's creek, 
 to a black oak on Penn's creek, about one mile up Penn's creek, 
 near App's grist-mill, (corner of Henry Clirist and Adam Ewig sur->^ 
 veys.) Their line, being made without a compass, ran west, instead 
 of N. 45° W., or rather N. 49° W., as Mr. Maclay made the bound- 
 ary line between the two purchases in 1768. Gabriel settled on the 
 site of Selinsgrove in 1754. His location was surveyed to John 
 Cox, by Mr. Maclay, on the 15th of May, 1766; but Mr. Maclay 
 2 
 
iS ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 notes on his return to the Cox warrant that Gabriel had made a 
 settlement and improvement upon it at least ten years ago, and that 
 he then lived on and claimed the property, and his pretensions must 
 be satisfied by Mr. Cox before the return could be accepted. In 
 quite a number of surveys this line of marked trees is alluded to ; 
 and Its western terminus, on Penn's creek, was identified, on the 
 25th of October, 1765, by William Maclay, when he surveyed the 
 "Henry Christ" tract, (lately owned by Leonard App,) at the 
 lack oak, which, he says, "was made a corner of the purchased 
 lands by Gabriel and the Indians, say both Weiser and Gabriel." 
 
 The line of this purchase of 1758 was the line between Cumber- 
 land and Berks counties, within Buffalo Valley, until the erection of 
 Northumberland county, out of Berks and other counties, in 1772, 
 (when Mahantango creek became the north line of Cumberland.) 
 This line, as stated, ran from a black oak that stood on the bank of 
 the West Branch of the Susquehanna river, one mile above the 
 mouth of Penn's creek, N. 45° W., to Buffalo creek, near what is 
 now Orwig's mill, in Lewis township ; thence directly west. The 
 settlers north of this line were assessed in Berks county, and repaired 
 to Reading to attend court ; those south of that line were assessed 
 in Penn township, Cumberland county, and attended the sessions 
 at Carlisle. From 1772, Sunbury attracts attention as the seat of 
 justice for the people of the Valley, until the erection of Union 
 county, March 22, 181 3 — a period of forty-one years, to a day — 
 when New Berlin became the county seat, holding it for forty-two 
 years; when, (March 2, 1855,) by the erection of Snyder county 
 out of Union, Lewisburg became the political center of the terri- 
 tory within the immediate scope of these Annals. 
 
 (i 760.) A letter from Governor James Hamilton, dated November 
 15, 1760, to Richard Peters, Esquire, incloses a rough draft, show- 
 ing the mountains north of the Valley, Buffalo creek, Penn's creek, 
 the North and West Branches, and main river down to Gabriel's, 
 (whose place is marked at the mouth of Penn's creek,) Shamokin 
 creek, Shamokin marked between it and the North Branch and Chil- 
 lisquaque creek. The space included within a dotted line running 
 from the mouth of Buffalo creek down to a point opposite the mouth 
 of the Chillisquaque, thence in a semi-circle to a point on Buffalo 
 creek, six or eight miles above its mouth, is marked " Manor." 
 
INTR OD UCTION. 79 
 
 The letter states : ' ' Abel James and two others of the Friendly 
 Association have been with me, and delivered me the inclosed plot 
 of lands about Shamokin, and particularly of the Manor, which, by 
 Job Chillaway's information and description, they suppose John 
 Armstrong to have lately surveyed, and at which they are in fear the 
 Indians will take offense. I told them I was entirely ignorant of it, 
 as I supposed you to be, from what you said to me yesterday, but 
 that I would order an inquiry to be made. I, therefore, desire that 
 you will immediately write to Mr. Armstrong, and know from him 
 what truth there is in all this, what it is he has actually been doing 
 in that part of the country, and by what authority, and require his 
 answer as soon as possible. 
 
 " I think it also advisable that you should see Teedyuscung before 
 he leaves town, apprise him of this report, and satisfy him that 
 nothing is intended to the prejudice of the Indians with respect to 
 lands, lest, hearing it from other hands on his return, it may make 
 impressions on him and other Indians to our disadvantage." 
 
 Mr. Peters wrote Mr. Armstrong, Philadelphia, 1 7th November, 
 1760 : 
 
 ' ' Sir : Inclosed is a letter I received from the Governor, with a 
 draught of a pretended survey delivered to him by the clerk of the 
 Association of Friends for Indian Affairs, who said that John Chilla- 
 way, the Indian, who was with you, complained that the lines run 
 into the land not yet granted by the Indians. 
 
 "Be pleased to send to- the Governor a letter fully explaining 
 this affair, in order to obviate any complaints that may be made, 
 and make no delay. 
 
 "It is proposed that the west line, which is the boundary in the 
 proprietary release executed at Easton, shall be run by the surveyors 
 on behalf of the Proprietaries, and by a deputation of Indians, to be 
 appointed at the next public Indian treaty, to be held in this city, 
 in the spring." 
 
 The above allusion to Teedyuscung will be understood from the 
 following information, taken from " The Memorials of the Moravian 
 Church," edited by the late Reverend William C. Reichel, a thorough 
 investigator and the best authority upon the history of the Indians 
 who resided within o.ur state ■} 
 
 ' Reverend William O. Reichel born at Salem, North Carolina, died at Bethlehem, 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 The Lenape or Delawares, although under the power of the Six 
 Nations, had their own king. Allummapees held this position as early 
 as 1 718, and as the purchases of the Proprietaries forced the with- 
 drawal of the tribes from the Delaware, he removed, in 1728, from 
 on the Delaware to Shamokin, "which is eighty miles from Tulpe- 
 hocken, and the residence of the king (Allummapees) of the Dela- 
 wares, and of the Oneida (Shikellimy) viceroy. The latter virtually 
 maintains the balance of power between the different tribes and be- 
 tween the Indians and the whites, acting as agent for the Iroquois 
 confederacy in all affairs of state and war.." — Zinzendorf's Narrative, 
 dated at Shamokin, September 29, 1742, Reichel, page 67. (The 
 year 1728 is, no doubt, the date of the withdrawal of the Muncys, 
 "who were proverbially impatient of the white man's presence in 
 the Indian country," from Buffalo Valley, and their removal to the 
 head waters of the Allegheny, succeeded by the straggling Shaw- 
 anese.) In July, 1739, Richard Penn treated with deputies of " the 
 Shawanese, scattered far abroad from the Great Island to the Alle- 
 gheny." 
 
 In June, 1746, Weiser writes that Allummapees has no successor 
 of his relatives, and will hear of none as long as he is alive. Shi- 
 kellimy advises that the Government should name a successor, aiid 
 set him up by their authority \ that he has lost his senses, and is in- 
 capable of doing anything. Allummapees is dead, writes Weiser to 
 Peters, in 1747. Lapappiton is allowed to be the fittest to succeed 
 him, but he declines. Finally, Teedyuscung was made king of the 
 Delawares, in the spring of 1756. He had his headquarters in 
 ly^y-g, at Teedyuscung's town, (a little below the site of Wilkes- 
 Barre,) marked Wioming on Scull's map of 1759. Here he was 
 burned in his lodge, on the night of the 19th of April, 1 763, and hence 
 the Delawares fled, in October of the same year, after having struck 
 the last blow for the possession of the " Great Plains," on the 15th 
 of the month, when they fell upon the Connecticut settlers. 
 
 Reichel differs from Loskiel as to the date, before quoted, of Shi- 
 kelhmy's death, and places it on the 17th of December, 1748, and 
 adds, that his son Logan, returned home from a far off journey sev- 
 
 Pennsylvania, Wednesday, October 25, 1878, Atat 53. "Murmuring of the Rock of 
 Ages, he passed away quietly as an infant falls asleep." He was professor in the 
 Moravian Theological Seminary, a ripe scholar, an indefatigable student, and, in the 
 language of John Jordan, junior, Esquire, his decease an irreparable loss. 
 
INTR OD UCTION. 
 
 eral days after his decease, to weep over the Hfeless body of a parent 
 he so much esteemed. The brethren, Zeisberger and Henry Fry, 
 made him a coffin, and the Indians having painted the corpse in gay 
 colors, and decked it witli the choicest ornaments, carried the re- 
 mains of their honored chieftain to the burial place of his fathers, 
 on the banks of the "winding river." He was succeeded in his 
 vicegerency by his eldest son, Tachnachdoarus, " a spreading oak," 
 alias John Shikellimy. His second son was James Logan, named 
 for Secretary Logan, of Germantown. Logan was lame. John 
 Petty was the youngest of the three brothers, and bore the name of 
 an Indian trader. 
 
AMALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 1^6 
 
 Penn Township Settlers — William G-ill — Murder of White Mingo — 
 William Blythe — Purchase of 1768. 
 
 HE following list of inhabitants of Penn township, Cum- 
 berland county, is taken from the original assessments 
 at Carlisle, Penn township then embracing nearly all of 
 what is now Snyder county : John xA.umiller, Philip Au- 
 miller, William Blythe, Jacob Carpenter, George Drowner, Adam 
 Ewig, George Gabriel, Jacob Hammersly, John Lee, Arthur Moody, 
 Michael Regar, George Rine, John Reighbough, junior and senior, 
 Michael Rodman, Casper Reed, Frederick Stump, (who is taxed 
 with one negro,) Peter Straub, Adam Stephen, and Andrew Shafer. 
 The freemen are John McCormick, William Gill, Edward Lee, and 
 Joseph Reynolds. 
 
 Of these early settlers I can fix the locality of but few. Wil- 
 liam Blythe lived at the mouth of Middle creek ; Adam Ewig on the 
 creek just above App's mill; George Gabriel on the site of Selins- 
 grove ; Frederick Stump where Middleburg now stands ; Peter 
 Straub at Straubstown ; William Gill on Tuscarora creek, not far 
 from New Berlin. The latter came originally from Bucks county. 
 Belonging to a regiment in Forbes' campaign, he was wounded in 
 the leg in Grant's defeat, September 14, 1758, or in the attack on 
 
 23 
 
24 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1768. 
 
 Bouquet's camp, at Loyalhanna, and made for home, through the 
 woods, with a bullet in his leg. He lived mostly on wild grass on 
 the way. Reaching Penn's creek, he stopped, married a German 
 woman there, and settled. He served in Captain Clarke's company 
 the winter of 1776-7, and when, during the war of 181 2, one of 
 his sons was drafted, and for some reason could not go, the old 
 man went with him to Sunbury, and asked to be substituted for his 
 son. The board rewarded his patriotism by discharging his son. 
 He died in Beaver township, about the year 1820, leaving a large 
 family of boys. His grandson Jacob was a member of Captain 
 Middleswarth's company, in 1814, and now resides about two miles 
 from Bellefonte, (1877.) I am indebted for these facts to William 
 Gill, nephew of William, senior, who at the advanced age of ninety 
 years, had a remarkable recollection of dates and events, which I 
 have frequently verified by old papers and assessments. He died 
 at Bellefonte, November 21, 1876. 
 
 Murder of White Mingo. 
 
 Sunday, loth of January, occurred the murder of White Mingo 
 and five other Indians, by Frederick Stump. The information of 
 William Blythe, made at Philadelphia, on the 19th of January, 
 is in substance, that, hearing of the murder, he went to George 
 Gabriel's, where he met Stump and several others, on the 12 th, and 
 was then told by Stump himself that six Indians, White Mingo, Cor- 
 nelius, John Campbell, Jones, and two women, came to his house, 
 near the mouth of Middle creek. Being drunk and disorderly, he 
 endeavored to get them to leave, which they would not do. Fear- 
 ing injury to himself, he killed them all, dragged them to the 
 creek, and making a hole in the ice, threw in their bodies. Then 
 fearing the news might be carried to the other Indians, he went the 
 next day to two cabins, fourteen miles up the creek, where he found 
 one woman and two girls, with one child. These he killed, and 
 putting their bodies into the cabin, he burned it. That he (Blythe) 
 sent four men up the creek, who reported that they had found the 
 cabins burned, and the remains of the limbs of the Indians in the 
 ashes. The scene of the latter deed was on the run that enters the 
 creek at Middleburg, which goes by the name of Stump's run to this 
 
1768.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 25 
 
 day. Stump and his companion, Iron-Cutter, were arrested at 
 Gabriel's, and taken to Carlisle jail. They were forcibly rescued on 
 the 29th, were concealed about Fort Augusta a few days, and then 
 fled the country. Tradition has it, that Stump died in Virginia, 
 many years afterwards. 
 
 For William Blythe's services in this matter, he received the two 
 tracts of land which were surveyed on applications in the names of 
 his daughters, Margaret and Elizabeth, containing, together, six 
 hundred and forty acres, lying immediately south of White Deer 
 creek, whither he removed during the year, and was, therefore, one 
 of the first settlers of Buffalo Valley after the purchase. He was an 
 Indian trader at Shippensburg in 1748, and a lieutenant in the 
 French war, 1758. 
 
 His cabin stood on Red-Bank run, near the river, on the Eliza- 
 beth Blythe tract, below the late Samuel Henderson's house. Her 
 application of 3d April, 1 769, describes it as including an old Indian 
 fort and a settlement begun by her. William Blythe lived to be a 
 very old man. Roley McCorley informed me he knew him well, 
 and that he was a tall, raw-boned man, and, in latter years, quite 
 blind. 
 
 His daughter Margaret married Captain John Reed, who had 
 commanded the " Paxton Boys." Her tract was patented to Cap- 
 tain Reed in 1774. Her children by Captain Reed were William, 
 (father of James Reed, who still resides near Hartleton, and grand- 
 father of Doctor Uriah Reed, of Jersey Shore, and of Robert Reed, 
 now of Clearfield, Pennsylvania,) James, who moved west, and 
 Elizabeth, who married John Armstrong. Captain Reed died before 
 1778, and, with '-'the Runaway" of that year, the Reeds went to 
 Cumberland county. William Reed's family remained there until 
 some years after, when he came up and settled in Hartley township. 
 Captain Reed's widow married Captain Charles Gillespie, an officer 
 of the Revolution, and raised a second family — Edward Gillespie, 
 Susanna, (married to Arthur Thomas,) Eleanor, Charles, junior, 
 Thomas, and John. By a division of the place, the lower half, one 
 hundred and seventy-six acres, fell to Charles Gillespie and wife, the 
 upper to the Reeds, who conveyed it, on the 6th of May, 1796, to 
 Gillespie and wife. The Gillespies all went west, except Edward, 
 who hung himself, many years ago, at the old homestead, which 
 
26 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1768. 
 
 passed into the hands of the late Daniel Ludwig, Esquire. Marga- 
 ret Blythe survived the fortunes of her second family, and took 
 refuge with her first husband's children. She died at her son's, Wil- 
 liam Reed, in Hartley township, and her remains were interred in 
 the graveyard at Kester's school-house. 
 
 Elizabeth Blythe married Doctor Joseph Eakers, who had been a 
 surgeon in the revolutionary army. ^ In October, 1798, they sold 
 the place to James Hepburn, and went West, where she died. The 
 Doctor returned, resumed practice, and was drowned in Muddy 
 run, above Milton, many years ago. 
 
 5 th November. Thomas and Richard Penn purchased from the 
 Six Nations, at Fort Stanwix, (now Rome, New York,) the remain- 
 der of the Valley whose annals we are writing. As one of the 
 incentives to this purchase, I may state that, as early as the year 
 1764, the officers of the first and second battalions who served under 
 Colonel Bouquet, made an agreement with each other, in writing, 
 at Bedford, ' ' that they would apply to the Proprietaries for a tract 
 of land sufficiently extensive and conveniently situated, whereon to 
 erect a compact and defensible town ; and, also, to accommodate 
 each of us with a reasonable and commodious plantation ; which 
 land and lots of ground, if obtained, we do agree shall be propor- 
 tionably divided, according to our several ranks and subscriptions," 
 &c. Signed by Lieutenant Colonels Turbutt Francis and Asher 
 Clayton, Major John P. deHaas, Captains Jacob Kern, John Proc- 
 ter, James Hendricks, John Brady, William Piper, Timothy Green, 
 Samuel Hunter ; Henry Watson, adjutant first battalion ; Conrad 
 Bucher, adjutant second battalion ; William Plunket and James 
 Irvine, captains ; Lieutenant Daniel Hunsicker ; Ensigns McMeen 
 and Piper, et al. They appointed Colonel Francis, Captain Irvine, 
 &c. , commissioners to act for all the officers. These commissioners 
 made an application to the Proprietaries on the 30th of April, 1765, 
 in which they proposed to embody themselves in a compact settle- 
 ment, on some good land, at some distance from the inhabited part 
 of the Province, where, by their industry, they might procure a 
 comfortable subsistence for themselves, and by their arms, union, 
 and increase, become a powerful barrier to the Province. They 
 
 'In a petition to the Executive Oouncil, dated February 15, 1779, he states that 
 he had been a long time surgeon's mate in the hospital department. 
 
1769.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 21 
 
 further represented that the land already purchased did not afford 
 any situation convenient for their purpose ; but the confluence of 
 the two branches of the Susquehanna at Shamokin did, and they, 
 therefore, prayed the Proprietaries to make the purchase, and make 
 them a grant of forty thousand acres of arable land on the West 
 Branch of the Susquehanna. Lieutenant Thomas Wiggins and En- 
 sign J. Foster, who were absent from Bedford when the agreement 
 was signed, were subsequently admitted into the association. The 
 minutes of the association are published in full in the first volume 
 of the Collections of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. 
 
 1*^69. 
 
 Officials — First Surveys in the Valley — John Ewing, et al. — Officers' 
 Surveys — Original Settlers. 
 
 OVERNOR, JOHN PENN. Representative of Berks, 
 Edward Biddle; Sheriff, Jacob Shoemaker. 
 
 Representatives of Cumberland, William Allen and 
 John Montgomery; Sheriff, David Hoge; Prothono- 
 tary, Hermanns Alricks. 
 
 On the 3d of February, the commissioners of the officers of the 
 first and second battalions met at the Governor's, and obtained an 
 order allowing them to take up twenty-four thousand acres, to be 
 divided among them in distinct surveys, on the waters of the West 
 Branch of the Susquehanna, each three hundred acres to be seated 
 with a family within two years from the time of survey, paying ^5 
 sterling per hundred, and one penny per acre, &c. The names of 
 the officers in whose favor the order of survey issued were Colonel 
 Francis, Major deHaas, Captains Irvine, Plunket, Hunter, Kern, 
 Green, Houssegger, Sems, Hendricks, Brady, Piper, Bucher, Lieu- 
 tenants, Stewart, Wiggins, Hays, Nice, Hunsicker, Askey, McAl- 
 
28 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1769. 
 
 lister, Ensigns Piper, McMeen, Morrow, Steine, and Foster; and 
 the order signed by John Lukens, surveyor general, and directed to 
 William Scull and William Maclay. 
 
 By advertisement, dated the 23d of February, the land office was to 
 open to receive applications for lands in the "New Purchase," on 
 the 3d of April. "So long a day was fixed to give the back in- 
 habitants time to repair to the office." Meanwhile surveys were 
 made on special orders for the Proprietaries or their friends. 
 
 On the 1 8th of February, William Maclay made the first survey 
 in person on the west side of the river. His field notes are yet pre- 
 served among the records of the deputy surveyor's office of Union 
 county. He began at a black oak on the river, afterwards the south- 
 east corner of the Richard Manning tract, and ran S. 60° W. 70, 
 W. 212, S. 45° W. 755, S. 49° E. 295, to the black oak or Spanish 
 oak on the river, on the line of the purchase or Gabriel's land; thence 
 up the river N. t,6° E. 51, N. 45° E. 2331^, N. 39° E. 462, and N. 
 26^° E. 220, to the place of beginning. He says this survey is of 
 land above George Gabriel's, for which Andrew Allen has a warrant, 
 and on which Charles Willing intends an old right of five hun- 
 dred acres, "neither of which are in my hands yet." The next day, 
 Sunday, the 19th, he says he received from Colonel Francis the 
 Charles Willing location. The caveat, Willing vs. Allen, was de- 
 termined on the 2ist of December, 1772, by the board of property. 
 Present, Mr. Tilghman, Hockley, Physick, and Lukens. "That the 
 location on the warrant of Charles Willing (which bore date the 24th 
 December, 1768) is such an appropriation of five hundred acres 
 and allowance, that it was not liable to the Proprietaries' warrant," 
 and they directed the surveyor general to divide the land by a line 
 N. 49° W. from the river, so as to leave five hundred acres of the 
 lower end to be returned for Willing. This division line is about 
 where the present road running west from Hettrick's store, in Mon- 
 roe township, Snyder county, is laid. 
 
 The distance of the river line of the John Cox survey, (which in- 
 cluded Gabriel's settlement,) from the mouth of Penn's creek to the 
 Indian line, was two hundred and ninty-two perches ; of the Richard 
 Willing, from the black oak or Spanish oak, marked by Gabriel and 
 the Indians, to a white oak, which stood on the river bank near Het- 
 trick's store, was two hundred and ninty-five and one half perches. 
 
1769.] ANN.4LS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2g. 
 
 The Andrew Allen reached thence six hundred and seventy-one 
 perches, to a black oak which stood below the Sunbury ferry, nearly 
 opposite the old tavern. The Richard Manning survey (made in 
 1 7 70) extended up one hundred and fifty perches to a maple, where 
 began the John Galloway, which ran up three hundred and forty- 
 eight perches, to the confluence of the West Branch. I will here 
 add, as having interest upon the question of the location of Fort 
 Augusta, that a topographical survey found among the same papers 
 of this date, has a station on the mouth of the little stream that enters 
 the river below the present bridge. The course to the main point is 
 N. 27° E. and S. 5314° E. to the " redoubt at Fort Augusta." 
 
 The survey next above the " Galloway," is the Daniel Hoffman, 
 (181 4,) extending one hundred and eighteen perches; then comes 
 the Joshua McAfee, (the John Mason place,) surveyed in 1771, 
 extending up sixty-eight perches, and we are in Buffalo Valley. 
 
 2 2d February, the Reverend John EAving's survey was made; 
 the first in the Valley. It extends from the mouth of Buffalo creek, 
 six hundred and seventy-five perches, to a walnut that formerly 
 stood on Doctor Dougal's line. Mr. Maclay's starting point for 
 this survey was sixty or seventy rods above the present site of the 
 iron bridge across Buffalo creek. This survey contained eleven hun- 
 dred and fifty acres. 
 
 24th February, Mr. Tvlaclay surveyed the Bremmer tract for 
 John Penn. He notes in his field-book the fine spring at late An- 
 drew Wolfe's, the one on the Cameron farm, and the one at Ellis 
 Brown's, and leaves out "the pine barrens," as he calls the present 
 Linn place. This tract contained one thousand four hundred and 
 thirty-four acres, and was called the " fiddler's tract," tradition said, 
 because given a fiddler for one night's performance on the violin. 
 Bremn^r was a music dealer in the Strand, London, and was, per- 
 haps, a fiddler by occupation. 
 
 28th February, the site of Lewisburg was surveyed for the Pro- 
 prietaries, by Mr. Maclay, commencing at a white oak, at the 
 present Strohecker's landing. At sixty-eight perches he notes the 
 spring now belonging to the University grounds. This line he makes 
 one mile long, to the mouth of Buffalo creek ; he then ran up the 
 creek to a hickory that stood where the present road reaches the 
 creek at the iron bridge ; thence he ran due south, two hundred and 
 
-30 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1769. 
 
 eight perches, to a pine, the stump of which was dug up when the 
 raihoad excavation was made north of the Eighth Street school-build- 
 ing ; (it stood some eight feet inside of Jacob Derr's fence ;) thence 
 he ran S. 50° E., two hundred and ninety-eight perches, to the river. 
 Several of the latter line trees stand near the cemetery. These lines 
 now mark the limits of the borough, with the exception of the Jacob 
 Spidler place, which was taken out of the borough many years ago 
 by act of the Legislature. 
 
 In the latter part of February many of the officers of the first and 
 second battalions met at Fort Augusta, and agreed to take the land 
 upon the terms proposed by the Proprietaries, and that one of the 
 tracts should be surveyed on the West Branch, adjoining Montour's 
 place, (Chillisquaque creek,) and one in Buffalo Valley. In order to 
 expedite business, it was agreed that Captains Plunket, Brady, 
 Piper, and Lieutenant Askey, should go along with Mr. Maclay to 
 Buffalo Valley, and Captains Hunter and Irvine with Mr. Scull, to 
 direct the survey in the Forks. 
 
 On the ist, 2d, and 3d of March, Samuel Maclay, for William, ran 
 out the officers' survey. He commenced at a white oak on now 
 William Spotts' land, at the east of the Limestone ridge, and ran 
 west and south-west to the east line of what is now William Young's 
 land, in Lewis township. The western line he ran N. 318 to Buffalo 
 creek ; thence he ran north of the present turnpike, until he crossed 
 its site a little east of Vicksburg, and came back to a white oak, yet 
 standing, one hundred and twenty-five rods east of where Salem 
 church is now ; thence he ran south to an elm on Turtle creek, and 
 west and south-west to the place of beginning. This survey em- 
 braced the heart of Buffalo Valley, and, as their minutes say, ' ' was 
 made without opposition ; " and the officers returned to Fort Augusta, 
 held a meeting, and determined that the third tract of eight thou- 
 sand acres should be surveyed on Bald Eagle creek. Captains 
 Hunter, "Brady, and Piper were appointed to over-see that survey, 
 to be made by Charles Lukens. The record says that Colonel 
 Francis, Doctor Plunket, and Major deHaas, furnished the stores 
 on the present occasion. 
 
 1 6th May, The officers met at Harris' Ferry. Messrs. Maclay, 
 Scull, and Lukens laid before them the drafts of their respective sur- 
 veys. Mr. Maclay reported the tract surveyed by him in Buffalo 
 
1769.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 31 
 
 Valley contained eight thousand acres ; Mr. Scull that in the Forks, 
 six thousand and ninety-six, which left nine thousand nine hundred 
 and four for Bald Eagle creek, and Mr. Lukens' survey was several 
 thousand acres short of the quantity. They agreed then that Colonel 
 Francis should receive his share, two thousand seven hundred and 
 seventy-five acres, surveyed to him in one tract, adjoining the tract 
 purchased by him of Montour. Colonel Francis' tract accordingly 
 extended from Chillisquaque creek down to and included Northum- 
 berland point. Boyd and Wilson purchased of him, and erected 
 the mill at the mouth of Chillisquaque creek, in 1791, and John 
 Lowdon bought the site of Northumberland town from Colonel 
 Francis, and it was patented to his wife, Sarah Lowdon, 7th July, 
 1770. Same day, i6th of May, lots were drawn for the choice of 
 lands. Captain Hendricks, having won the first choice, took the 
 eastern end of Buffalo Valley survey, now the Zellers, Aurands, &c., 
 farms. Captain William Plunket then chose the Dreisbach place, 
 site of the church, &c. Captain Brady the Maclay place afterwards, 
 now Joseph Green's, William Cameron, Esquire's, &c. Captain 
 Kern next took the site of Vicksburg. Lieutenant Doctor Thomas 
 Wiggins got three hundred and thirty-nine acres. Doctor Wiggins 
 resided in Lower Paxton township, now Dauphin county. By his 
 will, proved August 31, 1798, he devised to his brother, John Wig- 
 gins, his land in Northumberland county ; and by the will of John 
 Wiggins, second, proved November 30, he devises it to John and 
 James Wiggins Simonton, each one hundred and ten acres. Hon- 
 orable John W. Simonton many years associate judge of Union 
 county, still owns this military fief. Reverend Captain Conrad 
 Bucher secured the tract now owned by the Pontius's ; Captain 
 Timothy Green the site of the Rockey mill ; Lieutenant Askey the 
 site of Mifflinburg ; Captain Irvine the place so long owned by the 
 Kleckners ; Lieutenant Stewart the old Foster place ; and Lieuten- 
 ant McAllister the old John Hayes place. Captains Plunket and 
 Brady superintended the running of the division lines, which was 
 accomplished by Samuel Maclay, on the 25th, 26th, 27th, and 28th 
 of May. 
 
 The John Ewing survey was made on the 3d of March, extend- 
 ing from the east line of the officers' survey, down Turtle creek, to 
 
32 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1769 
 
 the Gundy farm. These are the leading surveys, run with astonish- 
 ing accuracy, and well marked all around. 
 
 The John Harris surveys, from Jacob M. Shively's, near White 
 spring, up to and including Esquire Lincoln's farm, were also upon 
 special warrants, before the opening of the land office. They were 
 made on the 23d of February. The walnut, the beginning point, 
 stood on Penn's creek, below the mouth of White Spring run. 
 John Harris had bought, as stated before, the improvement made 
 by Turner in 1755. He also owned the Edward Lee, the White 
 Spring tract, the improvement title of which also dated back to 
 1755 ; both re-surveyed, however, by Mr. Maclay, in February, 1769. 
 He was the father-in-law of William Maclay, and was favored by 
 the Proprietaries in consequence of his services with the Indians. 
 
 On the 3d of April the land office was opened, and a great crowd 
 attended. Numerous applications or locations, as they were called, 
 were received for the same spots of land, from different persons, 
 under various or similar descriptions. The method taken to decide 
 the preference was to put them all into a trunk, and after mixing them 
 well together, an indifferent person drew them out, and they were 
 numbered in the order of drawing, priority thus being determined 
 by lottery. To illustrate by example : there were numerous applica- 
 tions for the old Muncy town or Shikellimy's town tract. Michael 
 Weyland's was the thirty-second application drawn, and so numbered, 
 and put down on the list. Any subsequent application descriptive of 
 the same locality was, when opened and read, laid aside. Jacob 
 Weyland's application for land, ''on a run of water adjoining 
 Michael Weyland's at Shikellimy's town," was the sixth drawn. John 
 Grove now owns part of that warrantee tract. Dietrick Rees' appli- 
 cation for land, "on a run below Dog run, adjoining land of Lud- 
 wig Derr, in Walnut bottom," came out the eighth. It embraces 
 New Columbia, and the land north and west of it. Derr seems to 
 have marked out a claim for himself, near New Columbia, before 
 the drawing, which he failed to get. 
 
 In August, the greater part of the surveys on the north side of Buf- 
 falo creek were made, from Colonel Slifer's place up to Farmersville, 
 together with most of the surveys in Buffalo and the Lowdon sur- 
 veys in West Buffalo. Those along the river, down to Turtle creek, 
 also in August. From thence to the county line below, in October. 
 
1769.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 33 
 
 The surveys from Doctor Dougal's place up to the mouth of White 
 Deer creek, along the river, were made by Charles Lukens, in October. 
 He speaks in his field notes of Ludwig Derr being with him. Along 
 Penn's creek, above and including the mouth of Switzer run, the sur- 
 veys were made in August. In November, William Maclay made sur- 
 veys of some of the best land in the Valley, including Ray's church, 
 John and Isaac Reish's land, in which he was interested. Colonel 
 Kelly's tracts were also surveyed in August. In December, Samuel 
 Maclay surveyed the lands in Dry valley, now owned by Isaac Eyer, 
 David Gross, &c. 
 
 The settlers this year, as far as I can ascertain them, were John Lee, 
 at the spring near the stone barn at Winfield ; John Beatty, at the 
 spring near New Berlin; Jacob Grozean, near Hoffa's mill; Barney 
 Parson, at the old Iddings place; John Wilson,^ at Jenkin's mill; 
 Adam Haines, on the McCorley place, White Deer. William Blythe's 
 cabin is marked on a survey made 24th October, as standing twenty- 
 five rods from the river, on the little run above the Ard place. Joseph 
 McLaughlin had an improvement on White Deer creek, west of 
 Blythe's, and one Bennett had a cabin on White Deer creek, about one 
 mile above the cotton factory. John Fisher took up the place now 
 known as Datesman's, West Milton, and settled upon it. Michael 
 Weyland the George F. Miller place. William Armstrong lived 
 where the road comes out to the old ferry, below New Columbia. 
 James Parr commenced an improvement on the same tract, a little 
 above, and they agreed to divide the land, Armstrong to fill up his 
 application by taking more land in the rear. In doing so, he en- 
 croached on the Earnest Burke, a tract belonging to Hawkins Boone. 
 Hence a law suit reported in 2 Binn., 55. 
 
 1 John Wnson died in 1774. He was the father of Thomas "Wilson, afterwards a 
 promlnentcitizenof Erie county, and of Mrs. David Mead, (of Mead ville.) Sanford's 
 Erie, page 220. 
 

 l^^O. 
 
 Early Surveys — Settlers from Paxton — Scull's Map, 
 
 OHN PENN, Governor. Ofifacials the same as in 1769. 
 May 21, Turbutt Francis, Esquire, appointed Prothon- 
 otary of Cumberland county, vice H. Alricks, resigned. 
 The following notices of settlers are derived from old 
 conveyances and notes of surveyors : 
 
 As early as the 28th of March, John Buchanan and his father re- 
 sided on the Richard Edwards tract, where Stoltzfus now lives. By 
 a lease, dated that day, he agreed with Thomas Lemmon and Sarah, 
 his wife, to build a log house, eighteen by twenty, thereon, clear and 
 fence ten acres of field, two of meadow, plant ten apple and twenty 
 cherry trees, &c. 
 
 [)"acob Fought bought of Captain Timothy Green two hundred 
 and sixteen acres at the mouth of Cedar run, including the forks of 
 Buffalo creek, the Rockey mill site, and moved there. 23d March, 
 James Wilson surveyed the George Palmer tract, embracing Win- 
 field, for John Lee. He speaks of commencing at Lee's spring, 
 and running S. 40°, E. 53, to an ash at the river, and thence, by 
 the back side of Lee's fields, N. 40° W. This explains the corner 
 left out of the Craig survey below, and shows that Lee had cleared 
 the fields where Thomas Pursel now lives as early as the 4th of 
 October, 1769, when Craig's survey was made. The first regular 
 clearing, perhaps, in the Valley, and its exact locality is thus iden- 
 tified. In May, Wilson surveyed the addition to David Moore, 
 along Buffalo creek, now A. J. Rishel's, and speaks of Hans Fleming 
 
 34 
 
1770.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 35 
 
 living in there. On the 12th of May, he surveyed the Thomas 
 Sutherland place in Dry valley, where Emerick's family was after- 
 wards captured. He says " this land Robert King has bought," indi- 
 ca.tmg the residence of the first constable of Buffalo township. 17th 
 May he surveyed the John Umstead tract, on Stony run, which 
 empties into Buffalo creek, east of the mouth of Rapid run. On 
 the 1 8th, the Peter Horning, where Esquire Sheckler now lives. 
 This land was afterwards in litigation between Christopher Johnston 
 and Matthew Irwin for over thirty years. His field notes explain 
 the origin of the trouble. He commenced at an ash, (which stood 
 in the road afterwards laid out, nearly in front of Esquire Sheckler's 
 house,) in the line of the eight hundred tract made for Foster and 
 Rees; thence ran north 168, to a black oak of same, (this distance 
 was found by subsequent surveys to be one hundred and eighty-two 
 perches;) and thence, by an old Indian cabin, W. 74 to a maple; 
 and thence, by a ridge, crossing a run at seventy-two perches, N. 
 78 to a hickory, west 122 to a chestnut oak, and by a ridge S. 138 
 to a Spanish oak, E. 80 to a white oak, and by a ridge S. 122 to a 
 white oak, (subsequent surveys made this distance 135.) "I had set 
 the course east from this white oak, and at 54 I intersected a line 
 of Doctor Plunket's, made by Samuel Maclay, which I found ran 
 north and south. The distance between two black oak corners was 
 between sixty and seventy perches, where, I made a halt, and left 
 open the line between white oak and ash beginning." Leaving this 
 line open, made the difficulty, the white oak having disappeared. 
 
 On 25 th of September, he surveyed for John Lee the small thirty- 
 eight acre tract, at Strohecker's landing. He says he began at the 
 white oak of the survey Ludwig Derr lives on ; thence ran N. 50°, 
 W. 56, &c., showing that Derr then lived on the site of Lewisburg. 
 I found Lee's receipt for the purchase money among Youngman and 
 Walters' papers, who lately owned the place where Lee was killed 
 by the Indians. 
 
 Michael Pfoutz was Wilson's chain-carrier. 
 
 Colonel John Kelly at this time lived on the place where he died, 
 as appears by Mr. Wilson's notes. 
 
 In an assessment for the year 1 770, of Paxton township, now Dau- 
 phin county, occur the names of Robert Clark, Walter Clark, Robert 
 Fruit, William Maclay, Matthew Smith, William Plunket, George 
 
j6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1771. 
 
 ^_ 
 
 Overmeier, Michael Troy, William Clark, the four last named marked 
 inmates, indicating either a widower or unmarried man; and in 
 Middletown we find the name of Albright Swineford, all prominent 
 in the subsequent annals. 
 
 William Scull's map of date April 4, 1770, has Mahantango creek, 
 Middle creek, Penn's creek, Turtle, Buffalo, and White Deer creeks 
 laid down, with their respective names. Reed's residence is marked 
 half-way between Mahantango and Penn's. Gabriel's, now Selins- 
 grove, is marked "Cox's borough." Nittany and Jack's mountains 
 are on, with these respective names, but he has a range of mountains 
 running up the river from the mouth of Buffalo creek. 
 
 l^^l. 
 
 Great Flood — Penn Township Settlers — G-eorge Gtabriel — First 
 Mills Built — Dreisbach's Church — Michael Wetland. 
 
 jICHARD PENN, Lieutenant Governor from October 16. 
 Edward Biddle and Henry Christ, Representatives of 
 Berks county; Sheriff, George Nagle. William Allen 
 and John Montgomery, Representatives of Cumberland ; 
 Sheriff, Ephraim Blaine. 
 
 9th March, the Susquehanna river. Bald Eagle creek up to Spring 
 creek, and Penn's creek, for twenty miles above its mouth, were 
 declared public highways. John Lowdon was appointed one of the 
 commissioners for making them navigable, i Smith's Laws, 324. 
 
 On the same day, the officers of the first and second .battalions 
 held another meeting. Charles Lukens reported that the whole 
 tract surveyed by him on Bald Eagle creek contained only eight 
 thousand three hundred and eighty acres, which is fifteen hundred 
 and twenty-four acres less than the quantity allowed them. He 
 divided the Bald Eagle tract into twenty shares, the last of which 
 
1771.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 37 
 
 Lieutenant Askey got ; so that Lieutenant McAllister, Ensign Piper, 
 Captain Sems, and Captain Kern yet lacked their shares. Colonel 
 Francis then said that a grant might be obtained for the tract of 
 land in Buffalo Valley formerly intended to be located by Captain 
 Plunket, and since surveyed for the Proprietaries, containing one 
 thousand and five acres. Piper was, therefore, given lot No. 6, on 
 Bald Eagle, surveyed for Ensign Morrow, who was excluded from 
 the grant by the Penns, because he was of the party that rescued 
 Stump and Iron-Cutter, the murderers of the Indians on Middle 
 creek ; Captain Kern, two hundred and eighty-seven acres, late the 
 Chamberlain mill tract, in Kelly, now Hoffa's ; Lieutenant McAl- 
 lister, two hundred and ninety acres, late Howard farm, adjoining 
 the above ; and Colonel Francis, for Captain Sems, five hundred 
 and twenty-seven and one half acres, adjoining. Colonel Francis 
 sold the latter tract to William Linn, of Lurgan township, P^ranklin 
 county, who divided it among his children. His grandson, W. T. 
 Linn, still owns his father's share. 
 
 Loskiel mentions that in the spring of this year there was a great 
 flood in the Susquehanna, which compelled the Indians at Wyoming 
 to leave their houses, and take to the hills, where they remained 
 four days. 
 
 The assessment of Penn's township contains this year the names 
 of the following additional settlers : Frederick Albright, Thomas 
 Allen, Tobias Bickle, Henry Bower, Robert Boyd,'^obias Bickle, 
 junior, Michael Beidenbaugh, William Burchard, Abraham Billman, 
 George Bowerman, Peter Druckenmiller, Widow Dowd, Michael 
 Egulph, John Foutz, George Herrold, Joseph Jacobs, Michael Kers- 
 tetter, Bostian Kerstetter, Andrew Moor, Jacob Myer, Robert 
 Moody, Edward McConnell, William Nees, John Regenbach, junior, 
 Michael Stoke, Michael Swingle, Harman Snyder, Michael Weaver, 
 George Miller, Andrew Ulsh. Freemen : Casper Snyder, Conrad 
 Hayslick, and Michael Foutz. 
 
 George Gabriel, no doubt, died this year, as his name disappears 
 from the assessment list. His obituary, or the only one I can find, 
 at least, is not very comphmentary. On the 13th November, 1772, 
 at a meeting of '' the officers," Mr. Lukens and Little had a claim, 
 they said, for a location of three hundred acres, presented to them 
 by Colonel John Armstrong, which was included in the officers' sur- 
 
38 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1771. 
 
 vey, insisting that the place now called Cedar springs, Pontius's now, 
 was the same to which Colonel Armstrong gave the name of Snake 
 spring, in 1755 ; and Mr. Ewing read a paper, said to be a copy of 
 George Gabriel's deposition, who was with Colonel Armstrong when 
 the name was given. ' ' We told them that their location Avas extremely 
 vague, being for land near John Penn's creek, twelve miles south- 
 ward of Fort Augusta, which did not affect our claim in the least. 
 As to Gabriel's deposition, it is but ex parte testimony. The man 
 is since dead, but is well known to have been a man of infamous 
 character. That Colonel Armstrong, the gentleman who gave the 
 location, is still living, and has declared that he cannot fix upon the 
 spot." This claim was, no doubt, founded upon the Manor survey 
 of 1760. 
 
 Jacob Fought built the first mill in West Buffalo township, and, 
 perhaps, the first in the Valley, unless, we except Derr's, at Lewis- 
 burg, the exact date of the building of which I cannot ascertain, 
 though, probably, in 1770. The date of Fought's is fixed by an 
 agreement, yet on record, with George Rote, dated 1 4th November, 
 1776. It recites that Fought built the mill in 1771, and a dam on 
 the south branch of the creek. Finding that insufficient, he dug a 
 water-course, and erected a dam to take the water from the north 
 branch of Buffalo creek. George Rote had purchased the adjoining 
 tract of Colonel deHaas, who had purchased of Ensign Foster. By 
 this agreement, the yearly damage to Rote's land was fixed at £^1 
 ^s, and Fought bound himself, his heirs, and successors to pay said 
 sum yearly; but if the mill-dam became " extink " or the water 
 ceased to do damage, the agreement was to be void. Marks were 
 to be made on a big rock, on an iron-wood, and on a white oak. 
 When the water reached these marks, it was to be run over the dam. 
 The dam on the north branch was to be three feet, and no higher.' 
 At Fought's mill the first elections in the Valley were held. 
 
 James Wilson made numerous surveys this year: 31st May, the 
 William Kelly tract, on Black's run, on which Stahl, the noted wagon- 
 maker, lived so long; 2 2d June, Peter Herrold and John Flack- 
 inger, on White Deer creek; i6th August, the Thomas Mackemiss, 
 beginning at a black oak, he says, where Samuel Maclay stopped 
 with the officers' line, on the west line of Cumberland county, (north 
 of Ray's church;) 17th September, the Joseph Updegraff, the lead- 
 
1771.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jg 
 
 ing survey on the north branch of Buffalo creek, (Kelly's mills.) 
 Thomas McGuire, the elder, was then a resident of the Valley. 
 Hawkins Boone made this year the John Musser surveys, in White 
 Deer Hole valley, four miles from the river. 
 
 From a short sketch of the Dreisbach church, compiled by the late 
 John Schrack, Esquire, it appears there were Lutheran and German 
 Reformed churches organized in the Valley at this date. He speaks 
 of a record of baptisms, extending from 1771 to 17 7-5'. The church 
 was not built, however, and worship was held in private houses. 
 Among the names of parents, occur those of Henry Bolender, Henry 
 Pontius, Christian Storms, Simon Himrod. (The latter lived in 
 Turbutt township. Was afterwards member of Assembly. The 
 family removed to near Waterford, Erie county, in 1798.) Leonard 
 Welker, Phihp Stover, Christian Biehl, Yost Derr, Christian Ewig, 
 Stephen Duchman, and Henry Bickel, afterwards killed by the 
 Indians. 
 
 During this year, Daniel Nargong made an improvement on Dog 
 run, near the site of New Columbia. He afterwards took up a tract 
 higher up the run. His daughters married Nicholas and Jacob 
 Welch, whose family owned the place within a few years back, and, 
 perhaps, do still. 
 
 In November, 1771, Walter Clark, of Paxton township, bought 
 the one thousand one hundred and fifty acres, surveyed to Reverend 
 John Ewing, in trust for himself, Robert Fruit, William Gray, 
 Robert Clark, and William Clark, all of the same township. They 
 divided it into six tracts, agreed each to take one sixth, and sell the 
 remaining tract, which they did to Ludwig Derr, 31st July, 1773. 
 Walter Clark settled on the place now owned by Honorable Eli 
 Slifer, William Gray where Major Paul Geddes now lives, Robert 
 Fruit on the Heinly place, William Clark on the place now owned 
 by M. H. Taggart, and Robert on what is now Judge Hummel's 
 farm. A^ltec Clajk sold to Joseph Musser in 1802, and moved to 
 Mercer county, where his family became prominent. His son John 
 was a member of the Legislature from that county. Captain Gray, 
 afterwards an officer in the Revolution, lived and died on his place. 
 He was ancestor of Dunlaps's, Hayes, Hutchinsons, Hudsons, Wal- 
 laces, W. G. Williams, (of Bellefonte,) &c. Richard Fruit sold out 
 to Henry Hursh in 181 2, and moved to Derry, Northumberland 
 
40 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1772. 
 
 county. Robert and William Clark died on their respective places. 
 Among the deaths this year occurred that of Michael Weyland, 
 leaving a widow, Magdalena, and nine children, Michael, junior, 
 Jacob, George, John, Samuel, Mary, (married to Peter Swartz, 
 junior,) Margaret, (to Christian Moyer,) Catherine, and Magdalena. 
 He was buried on the place, in an old grave-yard there. Colonel 
 James Moore told rne it was still in existence when his father lived 
 there, a little piece up the road running from the river. 
 
 i>rr^. 
 
 Northumberland County Erected — Officials^Boundaries of Town- 
 ships — SuNBURY Laid Out — First Roads — Connecticut Claim — 
 William Speddy — Ludwig Derr — Deaths. 
 
 |ICHARD PENN, Lieutenant Governor. Representative 
 in Assembly, Samuel Hunter. George Nagel, Sheriff of 
 Berks and Northumberland. 
 
 Additional residents in Penn's township: Abraham 
 Clements, Michael Hawn, Henry Miser, George Miller, John Swartz, 
 Melchior Stock, Adam Steffy, Simon Scouden, widow of Andrew 
 Moore, Benjamin Ewig, Conrad Hafflich, John Reber. The first 
 assessments of Penn's and Buffalo, from the organization of the 
 county down to 1 775, seem to have been lost when the records were 
 forwarded to Paxton, during the great runaway. List of settlers 
 cannot, therefore, be given for the three years intervening. 
 
 2ist March, Northumberland county was erected out of parts of 
 Berks, Bedford, Lancaster, Cumberland, and Northampton, by the 
 following bounds: Beginning at the mouth of Mahantango creek, 
 up the south side, to the head of Robert Meteer's spring, (in West 
 Perry, near Mr. Winey's, sometimes miscalled Montour's spring ;) 
 thence west by north, to the top of Tussey's mountain; -thence along 
 
1772.J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, 41 
 
 the summit to the Uttle Juniata; thence up the east side of the main 
 branch, to the head thereof; thence north to the line of Berks 
 county ; thence north-west, along the same line, to the extremity of 
 the Province ; thence east, along the north boundary, to a point due 
 north of the most northern part of Great swamp, (the numerous 
 ponds in the upper end of Luzerne county are here referred to;) 
 thence south to the most southern point of said swamp ; thence, with 
 a straight line, to the head of Lehigh; thence down the creek so far 
 that a line run west south-west will strike the forks of Mahantango 
 creek, where Pine creek falls into the same, at the place called 
 Spread Eagle, (now Klingerstown,) on the east side of the Susque- 
 hanna; thence down the south side of the creek to the river; thence 
 across the river to the beginning. 
 
 The county, therefore, extended as far west as Lake Erie, the 
 head of Lehigh on the east, (Pike county,) New York State on the 
 north, and the mouth of Mahantango creek on the south. Fort 
 Augusta was fixed as the place of election, and the county to be en- 
 titled to one Representative. The Governor was to nominate a 
 competent number of justices, any three of whom could hold the 
 several courts on the fourth Tuesday of February, May, August, and 
 November, at Fort Augusta, until a court-house should be built. 
 William Maclay, John Lowdon, Samuel Hunter, Joseph Wallis, and 
 Robert Moodie were appointed trustees to purchase a piece of 
 ground on which the court-house was to be erected, subject to the 
 Governor's approval. Thomas Lemmon was made collector of 
 excise. Joshua Elder, James Potter, Jesse Lukens, and William 
 Scull were appointed to run the boundary line. 
 
 Q^cials. 
 
 William Plunket, Turbutt Francis, Samuel Hunter, James Potter, 
 William Maclay, John Lowdon, Thomas Lemmon, Ellis Hughes, 
 and Benjamin Weiser confirmed as justices in Council, and William 
 Maclay, prothonotary and clerk of the several courts, March 24. 
 
 The first county commissioners were William Gray, Thomas 
 Hewitt, and John Weitzel. November 23, Casper Reed, of Penn's, 
 was sworn in as county commissioner ; Alexander Hunter, county 
 treasurer; Walter Clark, Jonathan Lodge, Peter Hosterman, James 
 
42 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1772. 
 
 Harrison, Nicholas Miller, Jacob Heverling, and Samuel Weiser, 
 assessors. 
 
 9th April, the first court, which was a private sessions of the peace, 
 William Plunket presiding, James Potter and John Lowdon assist- 
 ing, was held. The county was divided into seven townships : 
 Penn's, Augusta, Turbutt, Buffalo, Bald Eagle, Muncy, and Wyo- 
 ming. Our annals relate only to Buffalo and Penn's. 
 
 The boundary of Buffalo commenced at the mouth of Penn's 
 creek, at the head of the Isle of Que ; thence up the same to the 
 forks, (a it^^ miles south of Millheim, Centre county;) thence by a 
 north line to the West Branch, (this struck the river at the mouth of 
 Bald Eagle creek, a mile below Lock Haven;) thence down the 
 river to the place of beginning. Thus embracing all of Union, a 
 large part of Snyder and Centre, and a great part of Lycoming 
 counties, as now constituted. Robert King was the first constable. 
 
 The boundary of Penn's, before that in Cumberland county, be- 
 gan at the mouth of Mahantango creek ; thence, by the county line, 
 to Meteer's spring ; thence, with the same line, to the top of Tussey's 
 mountain; thence, along the top thereof, easterly, to Penn's creek; 
 thence down the creek to its mouth ; thence down the river to the 
 place of beginning. This boundary ran along the present line of 
 Snyder county; thence to the north line of Mifflin county, at the 
 corner of the present townships of Jackson and Brown, and em- 
 braced part of Brown, nearly all of Armagh and Decatur town- 
 ships, in Mifflin, the southern portions of Hartley and Lewis, and 
 all the present county of Snyder, except Monroe township. 
 
 The first court of common pleas was held on the fourth Tuesday 
 of May, before Justices William Plunket, Samuel Hunter, Caleb 
 Grayson, Thomas Lemmon, and Robert Moodie. The commission 
 of William Maclay, prothonotary, was read, and the following mem- 
 bers of the bar sworn in : James Wilson, of York, (a signer of the 
 Declaration of Independence and Associate Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States,) then residing at York ; Robert Magaw, 
 of Carlisle, (afterwards colonel of the Sixth Pennsylvania and defender 
 of Fort Washington;) Edward Burd, district attorney; Christian 
 Hucks^and George North. After examination, James Potts, Charles 
 
 ' Afterwards the Tory, Captain Hucks, of Tarleton's dragoons, killed in South 
 Carolina, in 1780-81.— G-raydon Memoirs, page 270. 
 
1772.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 43 
 
 Stedman, and Andrew Robinson. Tavern keepers applying for 
 license were George Wolf, (below the Northumberland bridge,) Mar- 
 tin Trester of Buffalo, and Martin Cost. The number of suits 
 brought to August term was thirty-three. No. i was James Patton 
 vs. James Garley — Magaw for plaintiff, Wilson for defendant. Of 
 the first grand jurors were Captain John Brady, foreman, George 
 Overmeier, John Rearick, Peter Leonard, William Gray, Ludwig 
 Derr, Andrew Hafer, Hawkins Boone, James Park, and John Walk- 
 er, all of Buffalo Valley. 
 
 Sunbury. 
 
 In a letter, dated June 2, 1772, Mr. Tilghman, Secretary of the 
 Land Office, writes to William Maclay : ' ' Mr. Lukens goes to lay out 
 the town, agreeably to instructions. You are joined with him in 
 the work. You are to treat with Mr. Lowdon, and if his title be 
 good, and he will take a sum named in the instructions, (^200,) 
 the town is to be laid out in the Forks ; otherwise on the fort side. 
 Wallis and Haines have said they had a right, and they must relin- 
 quish it. As Lowdon's application was in his wife's name, she must 
 convey. As putting the town in the forks is a concession against 
 the interest of the Proprietaries to accommodate the people, if the 
 place cannot be clear of claims, the town must be on the other side." 
 
 Some of the difficulties were insuperable, for the instructions to 
 treat with Lowdon for three hundred and thirty acres, or there- 
 abouts, situated near the point of the Forks, are stricken out of the 
 rough draft, and on the i6th of June, the Governor and his Coun- 
 cil issued an order to the Surveyor General, John Lukens, to repair 
 to Fort Augusta, and, with the assistance of William Maclay, lay out 
 a town for the county of Northumberland, to be called by the name 
 of Sunbury, at the most commodious place between the forks of the 
 river and the mouth of Shamokin creek. Main street to be eighty 
 feet wide, the others sixty, the lanes and alleys twenty, &:c. The 
 town was accordingly laid out in June, 1772. On the 31st of Au- 
 gust, William Maclay writes, that the noise about the point town is 
 already greatly quieted, and the people begin to think Sunbury the 
 best situation. 
 
44 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1772. 
 
 77?^ Ferry. 
 
 August 14th, Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, by letters patent, 
 granted to Robert King, his executors and assigns, the privilege of 
 keeping a ferry, over the main branch of the Susquehanna at Sun- 
 bury. (King conveyed his right to Adam Heverling, November 30? 
 1773; Heverling to Christopher Gettig, April 17, 1775 ; Gettig to 
 Abraham Dewitt, October 8, 1779 j Eleanor Dewitt, alias Coldern, 
 administratrix of Dewitt, to John Lyon, October 25, 1787 ; and on 
 the 2d of November, 1787, John Lyon presented a petition to the 
 Assembly for the privilege for a term of years, which was granted.) 
 
 The first criminal case was tried at August sessions, King vs. John 
 Williams, for larceny — Robert Fruit and RQbert.C^lark were on the 
 jury. He was found guilty, and sentenced to pay a fine of ^^, to 
 receive twenty-one lashes on his bare back, and to be committed to 
 the magazine of the fort until the sentence was complied with. 
 
 Thomas Hartley, (lieutenant colonel of Eleventh Pennsylvania 
 regiment,) Casper Weitzel, Andrew Ross, and James Whitehead 
 were sworn in as attorneys, at August term. Hawkins Boone and 
 Thomas Sutherland, had suits at this term — Weitzel for Boone, Sted- 
 man for Sutherland \ also, Michael Regor vs. William Blythe. The 
 latter suit referred to Samuel Maclay, John Brady, and George 
 Wolfe, to settle. George Nagel, sheriff of Berks, acted as sheriff until 
 Colonel William Cooke was commissioned, in October, the first 
 sheriff of Northumberland county. 
 
 The first road up the river from Fort Augusta was reported by 
 the viewers, Richard Malone, Marcus Huling, John Robb, and 
 Alexander Stephens, in October: 
 
 ' '■ To begin at the end of the road lately laid out from the head 
 of the Schuylkill to Fort Augusta \ thence north-east, one hundred 
 and sixty perches, to the fording; thence across the North Branch, 
 to a marked hickory, near the bank on the main point ; at two miles 
 eighty-six perches, they came to John Alexander's ; at one and a half 
 miles further, they crossed Chillisquaque creek ; at nearly one mile 
 further, they came to William Plunket's ; at three miles further, 
 John Dougherty's ; at two miles further, Marcus Huling's ; at ten 
 miles, the gap in the Muncy hills ; at four miles, Muncy creek ; at 
 two hundred and seven rods, Wolfe's run ; four hundred and forty- 
 
1772.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. < 45 
 
 two rods, crossed the run above Samuel Wallis' house; three hundred 
 and twenty-two rods, crossed next run above ; at four and a half 
 miles, Loyalsock creek; at five and a half miles, Lycoming creek." 
 Total, thirty-seven miles from Northumberland point to now New- 
 berry, in the city of Williamsport. This road was confirmed, and 
 ordered to be opened, thirty-three feet in width. The hne of the 
 Indian purchase was then assumed to be at Lycoming creek, after- 
 wards, admitted by the Indians to be at Pine creek. The order 
 specified the "Indian line," as the terminus of the road. 
 
 Of the Connecticut Claim. 
 
 It will be recollected that the Connecticut people, or Yankees, as 
 they were called by the Pennamites, claimed under their charter the 
 land as far south as the forty-first degree of latitude, which passes 
 through the county a mile or more north of Lewisburg. By the 
 following memoranduin, furnished me by O. N. Worden, Esquire, 
 which he found among the records of the Susquehanna Land Com- 
 pany, at Hartford, Connecticut, it appears that William Speddy 
 (the elder) was their authorized agent to take and hold possession 
 of land claimed by them in the Valley. " 1771, William Speddy 
 voted one 'selling right' in Wyoming, for previous efforts in hold- 
 ing possession in June, and for further intended efforts." 
 
 The following affidavit, in the handwriting of William Maclay, 
 which I found among the papers of the deputy surveyor's office of 
 Union county, is the first notice I have of his appearance in Buffalo 
 Valley. It is worthy of note in this connection, that, in deeds of this 
 year (1772) for lands in our Valley, special warrants were common 
 "against the claim of the inhabitants of New England." It appears 
 (Votes of Assembly, 1773, page 492) that in June a large band of 
 armed men from Connecticut appeared upon the West Branch, to 
 dispossess the inhabitants, and were prevented. Speddy was the 
 mere advanced skirmisher or picket : 
 
 ^^Northumberland County, ss : 
 
 "John Scott, of Northampton county, being duly sworn on the 
 Holy Evangehsts of Almighty God, deposeth that the night before 
 last, this deponent and his son and another man from Bucks 
 county, lay in the woods near Buffaloe creek, and in the morning a 
 
4(> ANNALS, OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1772 
 
 certain William Speddy came to them and told them he supposed 
 they were travelers and looking for lands to buy; this deponent 
 and company answered in the affirmative. He then desired them 
 to take care how they purchased of Penn, unless they had likewise 
 New England rights ; this deponent answered that he would not 
 give a copper for New England rights. He said this deponent 
 might be mistaken in being too sure in depending on Penn's rights. 
 That the New England people had more right than we thought for ; 
 he owned that he stood by and saw Stuart shoot Ogden, and justi- 
 fied the action. Much more was said to nearly the same purpose 
 by the said Speddy, who spoke with great violence, and would not 
 bear any contradiction to what he asserted. Sworn and subscribed 
 the 17 of June, 1772." 
 
 Wilham Speddy's name first appears in " a list of rioters in the 
 fort at Wyoming, 21st January, 1771, when Nathan Ogden was 
 murdered," to use the language of Governor John Penn. (John 
 Penn's proclamation offering a reward of ^^o for the arrest of 
 William Speddy, 9th February, 1771.) In Hugh Gaines' New 
 York Gazette of November 14, 1771, there is a paragraph of Phila- 
 delphia news, dated November 4, 1771, as follows: "At the Su- 
 preme Court, held here on Tuesday last, William Speddy was 
 arraigned and tried for the murder of Lieutenant Nathan Ogden, 
 who was shot from the block-house at Wyoming, whilst it was in 
 the possession of Lazarus Stewart and company. After a long and 
 impartial hearing, the jury soon gave in their verdict ' not guilty.' " 
 Doctor Peck, in his history of Wyoming, notices him thus: "An- 
 other of these rioters, as they were called, was William Speddy. 
 He was somewhat in years, and was called 'Old Speddy,' but his 
 age could not abate the rigor of the Pennsylvania authorities, for 
 they kept him in close confinement in Philadelphia for more than 
 two years. How, where, or precisely when Speddy was captured 
 we are not able to say, but his final examination must have taken 
 place some time in the year 1771. Mrs. Myers says when her 
 sister Polly was two years old, and she was twelve, her mother was 
 desired to go to Philadelphia, as a witness in favor of Speddy, who 
 was to be tried for the murder of Nathan Ogden. This journey 
 Mrs. Bennett performed alone on horseback, a distance of one 
 hundred and twenty miles, most of the way through the wilderness. 
 
1772.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 47 
 
 When she reached Philadelphia, she found that the court had ad- 
 journed, and she then made a journey to Goshen, and attended to 
 some business. When the trial came on she was present, and her 
 testimony cleared Speddy. He was wasted away to a mere skele- 
 ton. When he was discharged his joy and gratitude overleaped all 
 bounds. He fell upon his knees before Mrs. Bennett, and almost 
 worshiped her. 'Get up^ Speddy,' said she, 'I have done no 
 more than any one ought to do for a fellow-creature. ' He kissed 
 her hand and bathed it with tears." This story of " Pennsylvania 
 rigor" is reduced in dimensions from two years to probably eight 
 months, as no man was ever tried twice for the same murder in 
 Pennsylvania ; and he was acquitted on the 4th of November, 1 7 7 1 . 
 Long enough, however, for this old war hawk of New England 
 rights, to be caged, to render him very grateful to Mrs. Bennett. 
 
 As it is said the honey bee precedes about fifty miles and heralds 
 the advance of the white man into the wilderness, Speddy was the 
 honey bee of New England civilization in Buffalo Valley. 
 
 He chose for his residence the prettiest little dale in Buffalo 
 Valley. It is on Turtle creek, near what is now Supplee's (formerly 
 Treaster's) mill. Jacob Brown now owns the place. In Decem- 
 ber, 1776, he volunteered in Captain John Clarke's company of 
 Northumberland county, and served during the campaign of Tren- 
 ton and Princeton. In 1778 he resided upon the same tract, which 
 was known as the George Gall tract of two hundred and sixty-two 
 acres. In 1780 he is taxed with the same tract, one horse, and 
 three cows. In 1782, in- connection with John Lee and William 
 Storms, he was assessor of Buffalo township. His signature to the 
 assessment is in a full, round, beautiful hand. In 1785, his name is 
 dropped from the assessment books, and he disappears from our local 
 history. He had a son, William Speddy, junior. 
 
 J. W. Speddy, of Mifflintown, Pennsylvania, wrote me in 1870 
 that William Speddy, senior, was his great-grandfather, and that the 
 latter removed to Lost creek valley, Juniata county, and died at a 
 place called Speddy's Gap, near McAllisterville. H. Swartzell, Es- 
 quire, deputy surveyor of Mifflin county, allowed me to copy a draft 
 of the Speddy tract. It is the border one of the Valley surveys, 
 and the finger-board to the Shade mountain surveys, and, there- 
 fore, though dead, he yet speaks, and his name will, no doubt, be 
 
48 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1772. 
 
 called over in court and out of court for hundreds of years yet to 
 come. 
 
 In April, James Wilson made a number of surveys for John Low- 
 don, in what is now the territory of West Buffalo. On the 15 th of 
 May he made the leading survey in the lower end of what is now 
 Union township, for Daniel Rees, so many years owned by Joseph 
 Fearon, and now owned and occupied, in part, by Joseph Shannon. 
 In consequence of the suit between Bonham and William Gibbons, 
 referred to hereafter in connection with the capture of the Emerick 
 family, the Rees lines were often run and found well marked. On 
 his original field notes, Wilson says: "This land is situated about 
 two miles from John Lee's, on both sides of the path that leads to 
 Treaster's." Trester's was at the mouth of Tuscarora creek, on 
 Penn's, one mile above New Berlin, now in Jackson township, Sny- 
 der county. 
 
 Ludwig Derr bought the tract on which Lewisburg now stands, 
 during the summer of this year, from the Reverend Richard Peters. 
 His mill, which is still standing, being the front portion of Smith 
 & Fry's, so many years John Brown's mill, was in existence in the 
 fall of this year. How long previous I cannot ascertain. Derr 
 bought the " Joseph Hudnot tract," (still owned, except the part 
 belonging to Joseph W. Shriner, by his grand and great-grand- 
 children,) in June, 1772, of John Coxe, merchant, of Philadelphia, 
 
 for ;£i75- 
 
 On the 3d of October, John Aurand bought the " Jenkin's mill " 
 property, on Turtle creek, and it went by the name of '' Aurand's 
 mill," when he sold it to Morgan Jenkin. It is still owned by the 
 Jenkin's family. Doctor Harbaugh, in his " Fathers of the German 
 Reformed Church," states, upon the authority of John Aurand, of 
 Yellow Springs, Blair county, a grandson of John Aurand, that the 
 latter built both flour and saw-mill at Turtle creek. Wilson, how- 
 ever, had some sort of a mill there as early as 1771. John Wilson 
 died during the year 1772, according to my researches — Miss Sand- 
 ford, ante., says in 1774. 
 
 In the fall Robert Barber, Esquire, built the first house on the 
 White Springs tract of which we have any knowledge, as he recites 
 in a lease dated 9th August, 1773, ^o John Scott, that he leases him 
 the house he had built last fall at the head of White springs for 
 
1772. J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 49 
 
 seven years. It was on the Edward Lee warrantee, which Barber 
 had purchased, in August, from Reuben Haines. 
 
 Christian Diehl (written Dale) lived on part of the Ewing tract, 
 (now Colonel Slifer's upper farm, near the iron bridge.) The late 
 John Beeber told me that his father's term of service was purchased 
 by Mr. Diehl from the captain whose ship he came over in, and he 
 helped Mr. Diehl clear that place in 1772, owned then by Ludwig 
 Derr. Adam Beeber then returned to Philadelphia, served five 
 years in the army, after which he came up to Muncy, where he 
 settled and died. Christian Diehl's grandson. Captain Christian 
 Dale, of Harris township. Centre county, aged sixty-six, confirms 
 the story, as a tradition of the family, in regard to Adam Beeber's 
 service with his grandfather. 
 
 William Wilson bought of James Wilson, his father, the John 
 Moore warrantee. Settled there during this year. He was then 
 unmarried. Boarded at a house near Mortonville, whence he walked 
 over every day to clear his place, on which he died in 1824. His 
 mansion residence is now owned by Reverend Jacob Rodenbaugh. 
 
 Wendell Baker bought of Samuel Maclay the George Calhoun 
 tract, still owned by his descendants, in August, and moved into 
 the Valley from York county. Mrs. David H. Kelly and J. T. 
 Baker Esquire, are of his descendants. 
 
 John Lowdon settled on the Levi Shoemaker place, near Miffiin- 
 burg, which he called "Silver Spring," removing there from Nor- 
 thumberland point, where he subsequently laid out the present town 
 of Northumberland. 
 
 John McClung settled on the place known as "Hard Scrabble," 
 in East Buffalo. In 1807 Matthias Macpherson bought that por- 
 tion of the McClung place, and sold off the lots. 
 
 In December occurred the first wedding in the Valley I find any 
 record of. Magdalena, widow of Michael Weyland, to Peter Swartz, 
 senior. The latter then moved upon the place described as containing 
 three hundred acres at Sinking spring — Shikelhmy's old town. On 
 the 1 8th of December, Mrs. Swartz took out letters of administration 
 upon her former husband's estate, the first ever issued in Northum- 
 berland county. Her account was filed 8th September, 1774, in 
 which Peter Swartz joins. It has an item on the debtor side of deer 
 skins, accepted for a debt due the estate from Captain John Brady. 
 4 
 
so ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1773. 
 
 Peter Smith, who lived at White Deer Mills, (part of his old stone 
 house still stands, now occupied by Doctor Donowsky,) died this 
 fall. Jesse Lukens had the rightful title, and brought a suit, in 
 1772, against Peter, marked abated by the death of Smith, in 1773, 
 February. His widow held on the possession, (postea 1785.) 
 
 Thomas McKee, the Indian trader, from whom McKees' Half- 
 Falls gets its name, died in April, 1772. 
 
 1^^3 
 
 i 
 
 a 
 
 m 
 
 M 
 
 Settlers — Roads — Buffalo Cross-Roads Church — Ejectment Cases. 
 
 jICHARD PENN, acting Lieutenant Governor until 
 July 19. After August 30, John Penn, who was 
 confirmed Lieutenant Governor by the King, June 30, 
 was awarded the title of Governor by the Provincial 
 Council. 
 
 Member of Assembly, Samuel Hunter ; Presiding Justice, William 
 Plunket; Prothonotary, William Maclay; Sheriff, William Cooke; 
 Coroner, James Murray ; County Commissioner, Casper Reed. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo : Constable, James Boveard 3 Supervisors, 
 Joseph Green and Martin Trester ; Overseers of the Poor, William 
 Irwin, late of Carlisle, and John Lee. 
 
 Settlers during this year : Abel Reese, on the place now owned 
 by John Gundy's heirs, in East Buffalo ; Joseph Sips, on the David 
 Henning place, in Buffalo; Philip Hoy purchased the place in 
 Limestone township, still owned by his descendants ; James Fleming 
 settled on Dale's place, opposite late Thomas Clingan's, erected a 
 cabin, and cleared four or five acres. He sold out to Samuel Dale. 
 See Gray vs. Dale, 4 Yeates, 494, for an account of their dispute 
 about the dividing line. 
 
1773.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ji- 
 
 On the grand jury for May occur the names of William Irwin, 
 John Foster, Peter Swartz, Abel Reese, John Gillespie, William 
 Foster, William Leech, and John Thompson. Leonard Groninger 
 and James Buchanan had a battle, which came before them. Joseph 
 Green became Buchanan's bail. 
 
 Christian Yan Gundy recommended for license. He kept a 
 tavern at the Strohecker landing, his house standing on Derr's land. 
 Its remains were removed by excavation for the railroad in 1854. 
 
 William Irwin, John Kelly, Robert King, Jacob Grozean, (called 
 French Jacob,) and Ludwig Derr were appointed viewers to lay out 
 a road " from the fording between Ludwig Derr's and John Aurand's 
 mill through Buffalo Valley to the Narrows." They never reported, 
 and at May sessions, 1774, Samuel Maclay, William Irwin, Henry 
 Pontius, Christian Storms, and William Gray were appointed in 
 their stead. They reported in February, 1775. William Foster 
 and John Lee (first tavern at Winfield) were recommended for 
 license. Among the viewers to lay out the road from Great Plains 
 to Sunbury were James Potter, John Thompson, Joseph Green, et 
 al. Among the jurors were Thomas Sutherland, William Thompson, 
 Philip Cole, the first inhabitant of Hartleton. He was colonel of 
 the militia regiment of the Valley in 1776, went on a tour of duty 
 to Reading and Philadelphia; he left the Valley with the "great 
 runaway," 1778, and never returned. Peter Kester succeeded Cole 
 as tenant of Colonel Hartley, who purchased of Cole in 1784. It 
 went by the name of Kester's until Colonel Hartley laid out the 
 town. An indictment was found against Martin and Michael 
 Trester for assault and battery ; they were found guilty, and that 
 was all the sessions business of this year. 
 
 Buffalo Gross-Roads Presbyterian Church. 
 
 According to Mr. Hood's account, this church was organized this 
 year, and James McClenachan and Samuel Allen were its first ruling 
 elders, the former ordained at Derry, now in Dauphin county, the 
 latter at Silver Spring, Cumberland county. Mr. McClenachan was 
 from Hanover township, Dauphin county, and came into the Valley 
 in April, 1773. These gentlemen continued to act as elders to 
 receive supplies until 1781, when the church was broken up in con- 
 
S2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1773. 
 
 sequence of the country being overrun by the Indians. In 1783 the 
 people returned, and in the same year Mr. McClenachan died, and 
 as Mr. Allen had died while the people were away, it appears the 
 congregation were without elders until the year 1785, when Matthew 
 Laird, who had been an elder at Big Spring, came to reside in the 
 congregation. {Doctor Grier's manuscript sermon.) 
 
 Ejectment. 
 
 ^' At May term, Adam Christ brought ejectment against William 
 Speddy, tenant in possessTon" of the George Gall tract, now Sup- 
 plee's mill, in East Buffalo. Speddy's possession under his Connec- 
 ticut title did not avail, and he was ousted. Hartkj^and Burd for 
 Christ ; Stedman and Wilson for Speddy. 
 
 Japhet Morton also brought suit vs. Christian Storms, tenant in 
 possession of Captain John Brady's land, now Frederick's, adjoining 
 Mortonsville. Brady held it, and it was in possession of his widow 
 until 1783. The family lost it after her death, and Morton became 
 owner. 
 
 I copy, as a curiosity, a deed for a tract of land now owned by 
 David Heinly, in White Deer township, near New Columbia : 
 
 "I promise to deliver to Valentine Lees, his heirs or assigns, a 
 convience for fifty aciers of land adjoining Rees' grief and John 
 Cox, and to agine when surveyed to land belonging to Valentine 
 Lees, which warent was entered some time last Spring in My own 
 name, and for the performance I bind myself, my heirs, in the sum 
 of one hundred pounds, if in consequence of the said Lees pein me 
 5 pound 10 shillings of cash and one pair of lether britches to the 
 valy of one pound 11 shillings. Witness my hand this 26th day 
 of August, 1773. 
 
 Hawkins Boone. 
 
 Witness present : Samuel Young. 
 
 William McMurray, of Sunbury, made many surveys in the Valley 
 this year. The Leonard Welker, East Buffalo, nth May; Fred- 
 erick Deel, on Penn's creek, near Centreville bridge ; James Watson, 
 east of Wehr's tavern, on 13th; Thomas Procter, on Penn's creek, 
 Robert Jewel, Joseph Alston, Samuel Breck, James Barnes, ditto'; 
 Philip Cole tract, McMurray and Grant, &c., in Hartley township. 
 
1774.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 53 
 
 William Black settled on Black's run, in Kelly township, and was 
 a juror this year. 
 
 Extract from a manuscript journal of Richard Miles, (who died in 
 Centre county many years ago,) April 20, 1773 : "Started for Sha- 
 mokin, in company with James and Enos Miles, Abel Thomas, and 
 John Lewis," (from Radnor, Chester county.) They passed up the 
 river, stopping at Malone's, Huling's, Muncy Hill, Wallis's, Loyal- 
 sock, Lycoming, Pine creek. Great Island, and returned, by way of 
 the Narrows, down through Buffalo Valley, to Tarr's Mill, where they 
 got a horse shod; thence they went to Huling's, (Milton now;) 
 thence down the river to the Fort, (Augusta.) 
 
 In June a large body of armed men from Connecticut attempted 
 to dispossess the inhabitants of the West Branch. This attempt was 
 successfully resisted by the posse of the neighborhood, only to be 
 renewed in 1774. 
 
 >7>7 
 
 1774. 
 
 Potter Township Erected — Political Documents — Cross-Roads Church 
 Titzell's Mill — Ennion Williams' Journal. 
 
 |OHN PENN, Governor. Samuel Hunter, Member of 
 Assembly. 4th April, Robert Fruit and Thomas Hewitt 
 sworn as County Commissioners. William Gray elected 
 in October. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo : James Young, Constable ; James Park and 
 Michael Hessler, Supervisors, the latter lived where Crotzerville now 
 stands ; Hawkins Boone and John Foster, Overseers. In February, 
 William Wilson, (grandfather of Doctor T. H.,) and Samuel Dale, 
 appear as jurors. Colonel Kelly was foreman in May. John 
 ClgjJter Wilham Hutchinson, grand jurors. 
 
 At May sessions Potter township was erected out of Penn's, Buf- 
 
Si ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1774. 
 
 falo, and Bald Eagle. Bounded eastward by a north north-west 
 line from the top of Jack's mountain, by the four-mile tree on Reuben 
 Haines' road, in the Narrows, to the top of Nittany mountain ; thence 
 along the top to the end thereof, at Spring creek, on the old path ; 
 thence south south-east to the top of Tussey's mountain ; thence along 
 the county line, to the top of Jack's mountain, and along the same 
 to the beginning. 
 
 To August term one hundred and forty suits were brought. The 
 ninety-ninth was Slough vs. Blythe. Margaret Blythe's title was 
 confirmed. There was also an ejectment brought by Christian Van 
 Gundy vs. Ludwig Derr for the site of Lewisburg. 
 <\ In May Daniel Christ settled and made the first clearing on the 
 place where C. Sheckler, Esquire, now resides, in West Buffalo. James 
 Anderson was then his neighbor, and had an improvement on the 
 Matthew Irwin place. Anderson left before the runaway of 1778. 
 Irwin took possession after the war. George Books also cleared a 
 part of the Sheckler place. 
 
 Political. 
 
 The following letter, found among the papers of Captain John 
 Lowdon, discloses the means taken to organize an opposition to the 
 encroachments of the mother country upon the liberties of the Amer- 
 ican people, which culminated in the Revolution and the Declara- 
 tion of Independence, on the 4th of July, 1776 : 
 
 Philadelphia, y?^«^ 28, 1774. 
 '^To William Mac lay, William Plunket, and Samuel Hunter, Es- 
 quires, Northumberland : 
 
 " Gentlemen ; The committee of correspondence for this city beg 
 leave to inclose you printed copies of the resolves passed by a very 
 large and respectable meeting of the freeholders and freemen, in the 
 State House square, on Saturday, the i8th instant ; and by the fourth 
 of these resolves, you will observe that it was left for the committee 
 to determine on the most proper mode of collecting the sense of this 
 Province in the present critical situation of our affairs, and appoint- 
 ing Deputies to attend the proposed Congress. In pursuance of this 
 trust, we have, upon the maturest deliberation, determined upon the 
 mode contained in the following propositions, Avhich we hope may 
 
1774.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 55 
 
 meet with the approbation and concurrence of your respectable 
 county, viz : 
 
 " ist. That the Speaker of the House of Representatives be desired 
 to write to the several members of Assembly, requesting them to 
 meet in this city as soon as possible, but not later than the ist of 
 August next, to take into consideration our very alarming situation. 
 " 2d. That letters be written to proper persons in each county, 
 recommending it to them to get committees appointed for their 
 respective counties, and that the said committees or such number 
 of them as may be thought proper, may meet at Philadelphia at the 
 time the Representatives are convened, in order to consult and 
 advise on the most expedient mode of appointing Deputies for 
 the General Congress, and to give their weight to such as may be 
 appointed. 
 
 "The Speaker of the Assembly, in a very obHging and ready 
 manner, has agreed to comply with the request in the former of these 
 propositions ; but we are now informed that, on account of the 
 Indian disturbances, the Governor has found it necessary to call the 
 Assembly to meet in their legislative capacity, on Monday, July i8, 
 being about the same time the Speaker would probably have invited 
 them to a conference or convention in their private capacity. 
 
 "What we have, therefore, to request is that, if you approve of 
 the mode expressed in the second proposition, the whole or apart of 
 the committee appointed, or to be appointed, for your county, will 
 meet the committees from the other counties at Philadelphia, on 
 Friday, the 15 th day of July, in order to assist in framing instruc- 
 tions, and preparing such matters as may be proper to recommend 
 to our Representatives at their meeting the Monday following. 
 
 ' ' We would not offer such an affront to the well-known public spirit 
 of Pennsylvania, as to question your zeal on the present occasion. 
 Our very existence in the rank of freemen, and the security of all that 
 ought to be dear to us, evidently depend upon our conducting this 
 great cause to its proper issue with firmness, wisdom, and unanimity. 
 We cannot, therefore, doubt your ready concurrence in every meas- 
 ure that may be conducive to the public good ; and it is with pleasure 
 that we can assure you that all the Colonies, from South Carolina 
 to New Hampshire, seem animated with one spirit in the common 
 cause, and consider this as the proper crisis for having our dif- 
 
j-6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1774. 
 
 ference with the mother country brought to some certain issue, and 
 our liberties fixed upon a permanent foundation. This desirable end 
 can only be accomplished by a free communion of sentiments and 
 a sincere, fervent regard to the interests of our common country. 
 
 " We beg to be favored with an answer to this, and whether the 
 committee from your county can attend at Philadelphia, at the time 
 proposed. 
 
 Thomas Willing, Chairman.^' 
 
 On this letter is indorsed, in Joseph Green's handwriting, the fol- 
 lowing: "At a meeting of a number of the principal inhabitants of 
 the township of Buffalo, at Loudowick Derr's, of Saturday, the ninth 
 of July, John Lowdon, Esquire, and Samuel Maclay were chosen 
 as committee-men to meet the other committee-men from the other 
 townships, on Monday, the nth instant, at Richard Malone's, in 
 order to choose proper persons out of the township committees to 
 go to Philadelphia to the general meeting of the committees chosen 
 by the respective counties of this Province ; and likewise to fix upon 
 some proper way and means to correspond with the other commit- 
 tees of this Province. 
 
 " By order of the meeting. 
 
 Joseph Green, Clark.'' 
 
 The committees that met on the nth, at Richard Malone's, 
 selected William Scull and Samuel Hunter to represent Northumber- 
 land county, at the Provincial meeting, at Philadelphia. This meet- 
 ing convened in Carpenter's Hall, at Philadelphia, on Friday, the 
 15th day of July : Thomas Willing, chairman, and Charles Thomp- 
 son, secretary. William Scull was of the committee to draft 
 instructions to the Assembly. The resolutions were as follows, 
 (Some passed unanimously, indicated by "U;" in case of difference 
 of sentiment, the question being determined by the Deputies voting 
 by counties :) 
 
 " U. I. That we acknowledge ourselves and the inhabitants of 
 this Provmce liege subjects of His Majesty King George III, to 
 whom they and we owe and will bear true and faithful allegiance. 
 
 " U. 2; That as the idea of an unconstitutional independence of 
 thi parent state is utterly abhorrent to our principles, we view the 
 unhappy differences between Great Britain and the Colonies with 
 
1774.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 57 
 
 the deepest distress and anxiety of mind, as fruitless to her, grievous 
 to us, and destructive of the best interests of both. 
 
 "U. 3. That it is, therefore, our ardent desire that our ancient 
 harmony with the mother country should be restored, and a perpetual 
 love and union subsist between us, on the principles of the constitu- 
 tion and an interchange of good offices, without the least infraction 
 of our mutual rights. 
 
 "U. 4. That the inhabitants of these Colonies are entitled to the 
 same rights and liberties within these Colonies that the subjects 
 born in England are entitled to within that realm. 
 
 "U. 5. That the power assumed by the Parliament of Great Britain, 
 to bind the people of these Colonies, 'by statutes in all cases what- 
 soever,' is unconstitutional, and, therefore, the source of these 
 unhappy differences. 
 
 ^'U. 6. That the act of Parhament for shutting up the port of 
 Boston is unconstitutional ; oppressive to the inhabitants of that 
 town ; dangerous to the liberties of the British Colonies ; and, there- 
 fore, that we consider our brethren at Boston as suffering in the 
 common cause of these Colonies. 
 
 " U. 7. That the bill for altering the administration of justice, in 
 certain criminal cases, within the Province of Massachusetts Bay, 
 if passed into an act of Parliament, will be as unconstitutional, 
 oppressive, and dangerous as the act above mentioned. 
 
 " U. 8. That the bill for changing the constitution of the Province 
 of Massachusetts Bay, established by charter, and enjoyed since the 
 grant of that charter, if passed into an act of Parliament, will be 
 unconstitutional, and dangerous in its consequences to the American 
 Colonies. 
 
 " U. 9. That there is an absolute necessity that a Congress of 
 deputies from the several colonies be immediately assembled, to 
 consult together and form a general plan of conduct to be observed 
 by all the Colonies, for the purpose of procuring relief for our suffer- 
 ing brethren, obtaining redress of our grievances, preventing future 
 dissensions, firmly establishing our rights, and restoring harmony 
 between Great Britain and her Colonies on a constitutional founda- 
 tion. 
 
 " U. 10. That although a suspension of the commerce of this 
 large trading Province with Great Britain would greatly distress 
 
S8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1774. 
 
 multitudes of our industrious inhabitants, yet that sacrifice, and a 
 much greater, we are ready to offer for the preservation of our liber- 
 ties. But in tenderness to the people of Great Britain, as well as of 
 this country, and in hopes that our just remonstrances will at length 
 reach the ears of our gracious Sovereign, and be no longer treated 
 with contempt by any of our fellow-subjects in England, it is our 
 earnest desire that the Congress should first try the gentler mode 
 of stating our grievances, and making a firm and decent claim of 
 redress. 
 
 "II. Resolved by a great majority, That yet, notwithstanding, as 
 an unanimity of counsels and measures is indispensably necessary 
 for the comnlon welfare, if the Congress shall judge agreements of 
 non-importation and non-exportation expedient, the people of this 
 Province will join with the other principal and neighboring Colonies 
 in such an association of non-importation from and non-exportation 
 to Great Britain, as shall be agreed on at the Congress. 
 
 "12. Resolved by a majority, That if any proceedings of the Par- 
 liament, of which notice shall be received on this continent, before 
 or at the General Congress, shall render it necessary, in the opinion 
 of that Congress, for the Colonies to take further steps than are men- 
 tioned in the eleventh resolve, in such case the inhabitants of this 
 Province shall adopt such further steps and do all in their power to 
 carry- them into execution. 
 
 "U. 13. That the venders of merchandise of every kind within the 
 Province, ought not to take advantage of the resolves relating to 
 non-importation in this Province or elsewhere, .but they ought to 
 sell their merchandise which they now have, or may hereafter im- 
 port, at the same rates they have been accustomed to do within three 
 months last past. 
 
 " U. 14. That the people of this Province will break off all trade, 
 commerce, and dealing, and will have no trade, commerce, or deal- 
 ing of any kind with any Colony on this continent, or with any city 
 or town in such Colony, or with any individual in any such Colony, 
 city, or town, which shall refuse, decline, or neglect to adopt and 
 carry into execution such general plan as shall be agreed to in Con- 
 gress. 
 
 "U. 15. That it is the duty of every member of this committee to 
 promote as much as he can the subscription set on foot in the sev- 
 
1774.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 59 
 
 eral counties of this Province for the relief of the distressed inhab- 
 itants of Boston. 
 
 "U. i6. That this committee give instructions on the present 
 situation of public affairs to their Representatives who are to meet 
 next week in Assembly, and request them to appoint a proper num- 
 ber of persons to attend a congress of Deputies from the several 
 Colonies, at such time and place as may be agreed upon, to effect 
 one general plan of conduct, for attaining the great and important 
 ends mentioned in the ninth resolve." 
 
 The instructions are too long to be copied. They commence, how- 
 ever, with a recital that the dissensions between Great Britain and 
 her Colonies commenced some ten years since, and arose from the 
 power claimed by Parliament to bind the people of the Colonies by 
 statutes, in all cases whatsoever, when from local circumstances 
 they could not be represented in it. The object of the convention 
 of Deputies is stated to be to obtain a renunciation on the part of 
 Great Britain of all powers under the statute of 35 Henry 8th, cap. 
 2 — of all powers of internal legislation, of imposing taxes or duties, 
 internal or external, and of regulating trade, except with respect to 
 any new articles of commerce, such as silk, wine, &c., which the 
 Colonies may hereafter raise, reserving the right to carry these from 
 one Colony to another j to obtain a repeal of all statutes for quarter- 
 ing troops in the Colonies, or subjecting them to any expense on 
 account of such troops; of all statutes imposing duties to be paid in 
 the Colonies, that were passed at the accession of his present 
 Majesty, or before this time, which-ever period shall be judged most 
 advisable ; of the statutes giving courts of admiralty in the Colonies 
 greater power that the courts of admiralty have in England ; of the 
 statutes shutting up the port of Boston and affecting the Province of 
 Massachusetts Bay. Offering, in case this was agreed to, to settle a 
 certain annual revenue on His Majesty, his heirs and successors, and 
 to satisfy all damages done to the East India Company — the execu- 
 tive powers of the crown to retain their present full force and oper- 
 ation, and we to receive all manufactures from Great Britain, and 
 in case of war, to contribute all aid in our power. In the event of 
 a refusal of these terms, agreements of non-importation and non- 
 exportation were recommended, "and a continual claim and asser- 
 tion of our rights." 
 
(>o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1774. 
 
 These proceedings being communicated to the General Assembly, 
 it took up and promptly (2 2d July) passed a resolution " that there 
 is an absolute necessity that a Congress of Deputies from the several 
 Colonies be held as soon as conveniently may be, to consult upon 
 the unhappy state of the Colonies, and to form a plan for the pur- 
 pose of obtaining redress of American grievances, &c., and for 
 establishing that union and harmony between Great Britain and the 
 Colonies which is indispensably necessary to the welfare and happi- 
 ness of both." 
 
 During this year Catherine Smith, widow of Peter Smith, com- 
 menced building a grist and saw-mill near the mouth of White Deer 
 creek, which she completed in 1775. See her statement, year 1785. 
 
 5th July, Robert Fruit and Thomas Hewitt, county commissioners, 
 at the request of Ludwig Derr, who desired to borrow money from 
 the loan office, valued the land, three hundred and twenty acres, 
 (now the site of Lewisburg,) " on which said Derr now lives, having 
 a grist and saw-mill, dwelling-house and barn, clear upland and 
 meadow, at ;^i,ooo, Pennsylvania currency." On 7th, their sworn 
 valuation of Robert Clark's, now Judge HummePs, two hundred 
 and fourteen acres, et al., dwelling-house, and barn, was ^429; 
 Walter Clark's, (Slifer place,) one hundred and eighty-eight acres, 
 dwelling-house, and barn, £,$6/^; Aurand mill tract, (now Jenkins,) 
 grist-mill, two pair stones, saw-mill, dwelling-house, and barn, two 
 hundred and twenty-eight acres, at ^700. 
 
 Buffalo Cross-Roads Presbyterian Church. 
 
 We come now to the first record evidence in regard to Buffalo 
 Cross-Roads church. December 1 7, Edward Shippen and Joseph, 
 his brother, by a written agreement, on the application of some of 
 the inhabitants of Buffalo Valley, agreed to give a lot of five acres, 
 to be laid off at the north-east corner of the Edward Bonsall tract, 
 including a spring, for the purpose of erecting a meeting-house 
 thereon for the Presbyterian congregation. The building was 
 probably erected the ensuing year. The only clew I can find is a 
 receipt among my grandfather's papers dated December 23, 177S, 
 to William Rodman for ten pounds, being in full of a subscription 
 lodged in his hands for building a meeting-house in Buffalo Valley, 
 
1774.1 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 6i 
 
 signed William Clark, Thomas Hutchinson, who were probably the 
 building committee. In 1797 the Shippens made a deed to Samuel 
 ■ Dale and David Watson, trustees appointed by the congregation for 
 that purpose. The courses and distances are important, as the land 
 has been encroached upon. Beginning at a white oak; thence by 
 land then vacant, now (1797) said to belong to Francis Zellers, N. 
 51° E. 20 perches, to white oak; thence S. 39° E. 40; thence S. 
 51° W. 20; thence N. 39° W. 40; "for the use of such person 
 or persons who now are, and from time to time hereafter shall be, 
 inhabitants of said Valley, members of and forming together a 
 Presbyterian congregation, to have a meeting-house for worship and 
 a place of burial thereon, and for ?io other purpose. ^^ Deed book 
 ''C," page 81, Union county. 
 
 It seems from Doctor Greer's statement that the church received 
 an additional grant of five acres adjoining, of the " Isaiah Althouse" 
 tract, either of Henry Vandyke or Francis Zeller, former owners. 
 The old church was accordingly built on both tracts and the one half 
 on land now claimed by Daniel Reugler, as an inspection of the old 
 foundation will show, and many persons were buried in Mr. Reugler's 
 field. The Althouse tract was patented to Henry Vandyke, 14th of 
 December, 1774. On the same day he sold off to Captain John 
 Foster nineteen acres and ninety-four perches, adjoining Foster's. 
 Henry Vandyke's will, dated i8th October, 1782, wills his mansion, 
 farm and tan-yard to John. John and Martha, his wife, sell to 
 Francis Zeller two hundred and eighty-nine acres. This would, 
 therefore, include the alleged five acres given to the church. It is 
 probable, therefore, that Francis Zeller was the donor, and the 
 addition made in- 1789 to the building was put on that part. 
 
 Flavel Clingan says "the old church had three doors and nine 
 windows, one immediately behind the pulpit and two on each of 
 the ends and sides. Part of the church covered where the present 
 pulpit is, and extended out into the fields behind the present church, 
 that it was put on the line of the two grants of five acres each, and 
 the careless trustees lost five acres when Mr. Reugler bought." 
 
 Surveys, &c. 
 
 Among the surveys made this year in " Upper Moreland," as 
 Hartley township territory was then called, William McMurray, on 
 
 ^ 
 
62 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1774. 
 
 the 3TSt of May, surveyed the Jacob Young and Conrad Weiser 
 tracts; also Anthony Fricker and Daniel Levan ; June 2, Philip 
 Cole tract, adjoining Jacob Landis. 
 
 In this year William McCandlish, senior, and Samuel Martin 
 came from North Britain, and settled on the Billmyer place, after- 
 wards Gebhart's, and the place now owned by Joseph Meixell's 
 heirs ; which Martin sold to George May, who sold it to Thomas 
 Wilson, (grandfather of Francis Wilson,) 30th July, 1793. 
 
 James Young settled on the place now owned by David Gross, in 
 Union township. Isaac Hanna, a gunsmith, from Lancaster, bought 
 it in 1 780 for ;^6oo. Three hundred and nine acres, et al. 
 
 The Weyland place, (now George F. Miller, Esquire,) in Kelly, 
 was valued at 40^. per acre by witnesses. 
 
 Tiizell's Mill. 
 
 I St of December is the date of the deed from William Robb and 
 Olive, his wife, to Henry Titzell, for fifty acres on Little Buffalo 
 creek, the mill tract now owned by Jonas Rauch, in White Deer 
 township. The mills were built during this winter, as he is assessed 
 in 1775 with grist and sawmill. Titzell's mill was a rendezvous 
 during the Revolution, and a station of the defenders of the fron- 
 tiers. 
 
 Titzell never returned from Cumberland county after the great 
 runaway of 1778, and we find Nagel Gray, of Northampton county, 
 in possession in 1783, and a conveyance from Titzell to Gray on 
 the 5th of May, 1 786. Gray died the same year, and his son John 
 took the tract, who, with Jane his wife, sold to George Reniger on 
 the 1 8th of April, 1796. Reniger failed, and it went by the name 
 of Kelly's mills for a long time after, until Mr. Ranch's purchase. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 Joseph Rotten, of Buffalo, died this year. His will is the first 
 one recorded at Sunbury, on 4th August. He left a widow, Mary, 
 children, Thomas, Roger, and Elizabeth, He lived up Penn's 
 creek, near White springs. Samuel Mathers and James McCoy 
 witnessed it. 
 
 Thomas McGuire also died in June. He left a son, Francis. 
 
1774.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 63 
 
 Major Ennion Williams' Journal. 
 
 Ennion Williams, afterwards major of Colonel Miles' rifle regi- 
 ment, kept a journal of a trip to the frontiers. The original is in 
 possession of Captain A. H. McHenry, the noted surveyor of Jersey 
 Shore, from which I extract : 
 
 "October 19, at Fort Augusta, Messrs. Scull, Maclay, Hunter, 
 Troy, &c., entertained me in a very kind and friendly manner. 
 October 25, started for Kishacoquillas valley, with William Foster; 
 forded the river, and arrived at Wolfe's tavern, two miles from Sun- 
 bury, (this must have been at Shamokin dam,) where I took sud- 
 denly sick. A person in the next room played so pleasantly on a 
 violin, and with such an effect, I was soon able to get up. We 
 then passed through a level country to Michael Swingle's, eight 
 miles ; thence to Is. Dalton's, on Middle creek. The land here is 
 good. We lately sold it for ;^ioo per hundred acres. We passed 
 through Potter's tract, which is very fine land, and John Swift's 
 land, which is very good. Several friends settled above this. The 
 land is well timbered — walnut, black oak, and maple — and a very 
 pretty valley, called Beaver Dam valley. 27th, slept at Nathaniel 
 Hazen's on a chaff bed on the floor ; breakfast — elegant milk, butter, 
 pumpkin butter, Indian corn, and venison. (Snyder county fare in 
 the olden time.) Then rode nine miles through a valley between 
 JackVmountain and Limestone ridge. 
 
 " We crossed the run on which is our one hundred and fifty-nine 
 acres, with a mill seat. The stream is now pretty large. The land is 
 stony, but very well timbered. October 27, Hazen tells me that 
 Reed has got (within this twelve months) a warrant for the hundred 
 and fifty-nine acres, and that he intends to build a mill there, in 
 spite of any person. They say that he is a scheming fellow, and 
 that he has taken out warrants for other person's lands, as well as 
 ours. We dined in the shade of a tree, screened from the remark- 
 able heat of the sun, and fed our horses on a blanket near a run, 
 and eat heartily of our hard cakes and solid venison. We continued 
 up this valley, and passed by some good bottoms, with poplar, wal- 
 nut, and shelbark, &c. ; but there are no large bodies together. 
 The road is very stony for several miles, yet level, and the land well 
 timbered. 
 
(>4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 '' Foster's, and the land near it, is very good wheat land, and but 
 little meadow. We passed in sight of our two hundred acres on a 
 branch of Jack's creek, in the name of D. Beveridge, and the land 
 near is very good meadow ground." The D. Beveridge tract he 
 describes as situate on Mitchel Springs, which empties into Jack's 
 creek about two miles from Kishacoquillas, (probably now in Deca- 
 tur township, Mifflin county.) 
 
 On the 19th of July a petition was presented to the Assembly from 
 the inhabitants of Northumberland county, stating that the county 
 was but thinly inhabited, and had within the hmits of its jurisdiction 
 a great body of intruders from the Colony of Connecticut, who 
 refused subjection to the government, and that they found them- 
 selves unable to enforce the laws, through the want of a proper goal ; 
 whereupon an act was promptly passed, on the 23d, granting ^800 
 out of the treasury to build a goal. 
 
 l^rg. 
 
 Pennsylvania Convention — Assessment List of Buffalo — Revolution- 
 ary Struggle Inaugurated — Roll of Captain John Lowdon's and 
 Captain James Parr's Companies. 
 
 fOHN PENN, Governor, Samuel Hunter, member of 
 Assembly. On the 20th of May, James Potter was re- 
 turned, and took his seat as additional member of Assem- 
 bly. Samuel Hunter and William Plunket presided in 
 turn over the courts. 29th July, Samuel Maclay, Robert Robb, 
 John Weitzel, and Henry Antis, Justices of the Quarter Sessions, 
 &c. March 1 7, Alexander Hunter was appointed Collector of Excise, 
 vice Thomas Lemmon. 12th October, William Scull was commis- 
 sioned Sheriff; Samuel Harris, Coroner. County Commissioners, 
 Casper Reed, William Gray, Esquire; County Assessors, Paul Ged- 
 des, George Wolfe, Joseph Green, James McClure, John Weitzel, 
 
1775.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 65 
 
 dxA James McClenachan. Ofificers of Buffalo : Constable, Henry 
 Vandyke ; Overseers, John Thompson and John Aurand ; Supervi- 
 sors, Robert„Clark and Henry Pontius. 
 
 On^e'2 3d of January the convention for the Province of Penn- 
 sylvania assembled at Philadelphia, and continued until the 28th. 
 ■ William Plunket, Esquire, and Casper Weitzel, Esquire, representing 
 the county of Northumberland. 
 
 This convention approved of the proceedings of the Continental 
 Congress, recommended a law prohibiting the future importation of 
 slaves into the Province; resolved to afford all necessary assistance 
 and relief in case the trade of the city of Philadelphia should be sus- 
 pended in consequence of the struggle ; that it was the earnest wish 
 to see harmony restored between Great Britain and the Colonies, 
 but in the event the former should determine to effect a submission 
 by force to the late arbitrary acts of Parliament, it was our indis- 
 pensable duty to resist such force, and at every hazard to defend the 
 rights and liberties of America. 
 
 It was resolved to kill no sheep under four years old, or sell such 
 
 to the butchers, and the setting up of woolen manufactures, especi- 
 ally for coating, flannel, blankets, rugs, &c., was recommended; 
 also, the raising of madder and dye stuffs, flax and hemp, making of 
 salt and saltpeter, gunpowder, nails and wire, making of steel, 
 paper, setting up manufactures of glass, wool, combs, cards, copper 
 in sheets, bottoms and kettles. It was further recommended to the 
 inhabitants to use the manufactures of their own and neighbor- 
 ing Colonies, in preference to all others ; and that a manufacturer or 
 vender of goods who should take advantage of the necessities of the 
 country to raise prices should be considered an enemy to his 
 country. 
 
 At February sessions, Samuel Maclay, Henry Pontius, William 
 Irwin, and William Gray reported the first public road ever laid out 
 by order of court through the Valley. Haines' road ran from 
 Northumberland, by way of Dry valley, crossing into Limestone 
 township now, and along Penn's creek, and by way of the Narrows, 
 into Penn's valley, where he owned large tracts of land about 
 Aaronsburg ; but this was a private enterprise. His four mile tree is 
 referred to as a landmark ever since his day, standing in the center 
 of the Narrows. The road we now speak of commenced on Lud- 
 
66 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 wig Derr's land, about fifteen perches above where Christian Het- 
 rick * now Hves, at a hickory on the West Branch of the Susque- 
 hanna, and ran the following courses and distances : S. 85 ° W. 
 742, to white oak, W. 156 post; N. 85° W. 80, pine; S. 85° W. 
 300; S. 70° W. 550, pine; S. 82° W. 224, black oak; S. 67° W. 
 174, white oak; S. 74° W. 138, pine; S. 49°. W. 138; S. 62° W. 
 419; S. 75° W. 168; S. 85° W. 158, white oak; N. 87° W. 98; 
 S. 71° W. 136; S. 85° W. 266; S. 75° W. 116, white oak: 
 twelve miles twenty-eight perches. After protracting, I found the 
 course to correspond with the site of the road as described by old 
 citizens, viz : Leaving the river at Strohecker's landing, it passed 
 up his lane and by an old house that formerly stood in the south- 
 west corner of Adam Gundy's field ; thence along the line between 
 John G. Brown and J. M. Linn, or near it, to and through Mortons- 
 ville, through or by the site of Ellis Brown's new house, to a white 
 oak about one hundred rods west of his house. Thus far one course. 
 Thence it curved about the hill, and ran in front of Frederick's, where 
 stood the pine ; and thence by Schrack's it ran straight, crossing the 
 present turnpike beyond Biehl's tavern. It then ran north of the 
 turnpike a little distance ; thence along its site to another pine which 
 stood near where the Great Western hotel now stands ; thence it fol- 
 lowed the turnpike site until it reached its terminus, where the Orwig 
 mill road now comes out upon the turnpike, east line of Jane 
 Little warrantee, one hundred and twenty rods west of the offi- 
 cers' survey. It was ordered to be opened thirty-three feet. 
 
 Inhabitants in 1775. 
 
 It appears, from a memorandum made by Daniel Montgomery, in 
 1 781, that the county assessments were carried off to Paxton (Har- 
 risburg) in 1778, and those of 1773, 1774, and 1776 lost. 
 
 The following list is copied from that of 1775, which is in the 
 handwriting of Joseph Green, grandfather of Joseph Green, of 
 Lewisburg. I copy it in full. Matter in brackets I have added. 
 It enumerates the acres of cultivated land, of horses, cows, sheep, 
 slaves, and servants belonging to each settler : 
 
 * His name is sometimes written Espig. He trick resided near the site of John 
 Strohecker's present residence. He was afterwards killed by the Indians. (See 
 postea, 1781.) 
 
1775.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 67 
 
 
 i 
 
 8 
 
 c3 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
 Allen, Samuel 
 
 Aurand, Henry . . . . 
 Albright, Jacob . . . 
 Aurand, Jacob .... 
 Aurand, Daniel. . . . 
 Armstrong, William 
 Aurand, John 
 
 45 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 10 
 18 
 40 
 12 
 
 30 
 10 
 
 30 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 I 
 I 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 2 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 Also grist and saw- 
 
 Books, George .... 
 Buchanan, James . . 
 
 Burn, Peter 
 
 Beatty, Alexander. . 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 mill. 
 [Late A.McClure's, 
 
 now Stolzfus.] 
 A new settler. 
 
 Bolender, John . . . 
 Beatty, Hugh 
 
 
 
 
 Inmate to Thomas 
 
 Bickel, Henry 
 
 Brunner, Jacob. . . . 
 Barnett, Matthew. . 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 r 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 Sutherland. 
 [Now Henry 
 
 Mertz's.] 
 Tenant on James 
 
 Bremmer's land. 
 Tenant of James 
 
 Bremmer. 
 [D. H. Kelly's.] 
 [N. W. of New 
 
 Bolender, Henry . . 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 50 
 
 6 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Baker, Wendell. . . . 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 2 
 2 
 I 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 . 2 
 2 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 Bashor, John 
 
 
 
 Baker, Jacob 
 
 
 
 
 Columbia.] 
 [Hoffman's, above 
 
 Brundage, Joseph . . 
 Black, Thomas .... 
 
 
 
 
 Datisman's.] 
 Stahl's saw-mill, 
 
 ^ Boveard, James . . 
 
 
 
 
 [n'r Union ch.] 
 [Isaac Eyre, sr.] 
 Inmate to James 
 
 Boveard. 
 
 And grist-mill on 
 
 Boveard, William, 
 
 
 
 
 Bower, Casper .... 
 
 Brosius, John 
 
 Boone, Hawkins . . . 
 Bennett, William. . 
 
 10 
 10 
 20 
 
 3 
 12 
 
 17 
 10 
 60 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 I 
 I 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 Blythe, William... 
 Bennett, William,jr. ' 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 land belonging 
 
 to Wm. Blythe. 
 
 On Wm. Blythe's 
 
 Blue, Frederick. . . . 
 Brown, Matthew . . . 
 
 
 
 land. 
 
 ' Boveard is marked a free man, which, under Markham's charter, indicated an 
 elector's qualification. "No person shall be capable ofbeing an elector, or olbeins 
 elected, unless of the age of twenty-one, and have fifty acres of land, ten whereof 
 being seated or cleared, or be otherwise worth £50, clear estate, and have been 
 resident withm the government two years before such election." 
 
6S 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1775. 
 
 Cornell, Abraham, 
 Clark, William . . . . 
 
 Cole, Philip 
 
 Clarke, John 
 
 Crawford, Edward, 
 
 Clark, Walter 
 
 Clark, William. . . . 
 Cupples, David. . . . 
 Cooper, Robert . . . 
 
 Cook, Henry 
 
 Caldwell, Hugh. . . 
 Clark, Robert , . . 
 Carson, James. , . . 
 Correy, Robert. . . . 
 Carter, William. . . . 
 Coon, Nicholas. . . . 
 Ditelman, Peter . . . 
 
 Duchman, Stephen 
 
 Doudrick, John. . . . 
 
 Derr, Ludwig 
 
 Dale, Samuel 
 
 Doty, Levi 
 
 Davis, John 
 
 Deats, Morris. , . . . 
 
 Deats, David 
 
 Dale, Christian. . . . 
 Derr, Yost 
 
 Duncan, David, 
 Daniel, Adam. . 
 
 Emerick, David 
 
 Evey, Adam 
 
 Etsweiler, George. . 
 
 IS 
 25 
 5° 
 5 
 60 
 
 50 
 10 
 
 7 
 35 
 60 
 
 15 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 30 
 20 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 36 
 
 2 
 
 15 
 
 30 
 15 
 
 ^ 
 
 Co 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 [Coryell ?] 
 
 [Hartleton.] 
 
 [He lived on the 
 first farm above 
 Mifflinburg ; the 
 name of his slave 
 was "Mel."] 
 
 Lives with William 
 Bennett & crops 
 on the shares. 
 
 Inmate to John 
 
 Kelly. 
 
 Poor ; [lived where 
 late Jno.Schrack, 
 Esquire, lived.] 
 
 Lives on Derr's 
 land. 
 
 [Adam Young's.] 
 
 Grist and saw-mill. 
 
 Is a mason; lives 
 at Abel Reese's. 
 
 Lives on Peter 
 Wilson's place, 
 [now Jas. Law- 
 son, Esquire's.] 
 
 Lives on L. Derr's. 
 
 Tenant on Colonel 
 Francis', below 
 Grove's, [now 
 W. T. Linn's.] 
 
 [Widow Brown's 
 tavern in Union 
 township.] 
 
 On Simon Snithers' 
 land. 
 
1775.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 6g 
 
 Eaken, John. . . . 
 Elder, Thomas . , 
 Eyer, Abraham . 
 Evey, Christian . 
 Farren, James . . . 
 Fought, Jonas. . . 
 
 Fought, Michael. . . 
 Frederick, George.. 
 Frederick, Peter . . . 
 Foster, John, senior, 
 
 Fought, Jacob 
 
 Foster, William. . . . 
 Foster, John, junior, 
 Fleming, James . . . 
 
 Fruit, Robert 
 
 Fisher, John 
 
 Fisher, Christian . . . 
 Fought, Conrad. . . 
 Fisher, Samuel .... 
 
 Fulton, John 
 
 Fleming, Hans. . . . 
 
 Filey, John 
 
 Green, Joseph 
 
 trlen, Andrew 
 
 Greenlee, William. . 
 Grochang, Jacob . . 
 Gundy, Christ., Van 
 
 Gray, William 
 
 Gibson, Andrew. . . 
 Green, Ebenezer. . . 
 Graham, Edward . . 
 Graham, Thomas . . 
 Groninger, Leonard 
 Grove, Michael. . . . 
 
 Huston, John 
 
 Haines, George. . . . 
 Hessler, Michael. . . 
 
 Hessler, John 
 
 Hunter, Samuel, . . 
 Hamilton, Robert. , 
 Hoy, Philip 
 
 4 
 
 [2 
 
 5 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 20 
 40 
 
 60 
 10 
 
 3 
 10 
 
 5 
 3 
 15 
 15 
 35 
 30 
 
 ID 
 
 10 
 
 49 
 10 
 60 
 
 100 
 10 
 
 100 
 4 
 
 ID 
 20 
 
 8 
 
 30 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 28 
 12 
 
 ^ 
 
 G 
 
 
 <i 
 
 On Rob. Clark's. 
 
 Living on James 
 Fleming's, (late 
 James Dale's.) 
 
 [South Chap. Hoi • 
 
 low.] 
 Lives with Jonas. 
 ~) [These two lived 
 j at Cross Roads 
 
 on McCreight's.] 
 
 [Datisman's.] 
 [White Deer mills.] 
 
 Ferry. 
 
 Up Black's run. 
 
 [Afterwards Emer- 
 
 ick's.] 
 [Heberling's.] 
 
 [Paul Geddes.] 
 Ferry. 
 
 Ferry. 
 
 Grist and saw mill. 
 
70 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 1775.] 
 
 Hiney, Hieronimus 
 Hiltman, John. . . . 
 
 Heckel, Andrew. . . 
 Hammond, David.. 
 Hammond, James.. 
 
 Hunter, James 
 
 Hutchinson, Thos. . 
 Hood, Ehzabeth. . . 
 Harbster, David. . 
 Huling, Marcus. . . 
 Irwin, WilHam .... 
 Iterburn, Jacob. . . . 
 Johnston, Alex .... 
 
 Jordan, WilHam . . . 
 
 Klinesmith, Baltzer, 
 
 Kilday, John 
 
 Keen, Jacob 
 
 Kelly, Lawrence. , 
 Leonard Peter, . . , 
 
 Lee, John 
 
 Leech, William . . . 
 Lewis, Daniel . . . , 
 Laughlin, Samuel , 
 Links, Jacob .... 
 Low, Cornelius. . 
 Leas, Nicholas. . . 
 Low, William . . . , 
 
 Luckens, Thomas. 
 Lowdon, John. , . . 
 Miller, Benjamin. . 
 McKelvey, James. 
 Moore, James . . . . 
 
 McCashon, John. . 
 Miller, Frederick. 
 Miller, Jacob 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 lo 
 
 40 
 
 50 
 50 
 20 
 
 5 
 24 
 
 5 
 20 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 5 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 
 35 
 
 9 
 
 30 
 
 25 
 40 
 
 25 
 50 
 
 4 
 25 
 
 7 
 5 
 2 
 
 ^ 
 
 G 
 
 
 Capt Irwin's place. 
 [John Beeber's, on 
 
 Buffalo.] 
 [Doctor Dougal's.] 
 
 [Little Buffalo 
 creek.] 
 
 Lives on George 
 Cribble's land. 
 
 [William Stadden's 
 White Deer.] 
 
 Lives on George 
 Shultz's land. 
 
 On John Reed's, 
 [mouth of White 
 Deer creek.] 
 
 On Dr. Wiggins' 
 land, [now Ma- 
 jor Simonton's.]* 
 
 Freeman. 
 Adjoining William 
 
 Clark's. 
 On John Boal's 
 
 land, on White 
 
 Deer creek. 
 New settler. 
 
 Lives on James 
 Thom's land. 
 
 On Joseph Green's 
 land. 
 
 Lives on Abram 
 Cribble's land, 
 [de Haas' large 
 tract.] 
 
1775.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 7^ 
 
 Maclay, Samuel . 
 Moor, William. . . 
 Myers, Henry. . . 
 McCoy, James . '. 
 Mathers, Samuel. 
 Mitchell, John. . 
 McCandlish, Wm 
 
 Martin, Samuel. . 
 
 McClure, Thomas. . 
 Moore, Thomas... 
 
 Moore, Henry .... 
 Martin, Robert . . . 
 McLaughlin, James, 
 McGinnet, Charles. 
 McMahan, Patrick. 
 Mackey, William. . 
 McClenachan, Jas. . 
 Mason, William. . . 
 McComb, John .... 
 
 McGrady, Alex 
 
 McClung, John. . .. 
 Martin, George .... 
 McCloud, William. 
 McDonald, Randall 
 
 Nees, John 
 
 Norcross. John 
 
 Nobel, Robert 
 
 Norconk, Daniel. . . 
 Overmeier, George 
 
 Poak, James 
 
 Patton, Hugh 
 
 Pearson, Benjamin.. 
 
 Pontius, John 
 
 Pontius, Henry. . . . 
 
 25 
 
 6 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 10 
 
 9 
 9 
 
 80 
 
 10 
 20 
 20 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 40 
 40 
 10 
 
 25 
 20 
 
 15 
 
 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 
 Slave aged 20. 
 
 [John Lesher lives 
 on site of Mc- 
 Candlish's resi- 
 dence.] 
 
 [Now farm-house 
 of Joseph Meix- 
 ell's heirs.] 
 
 On William Arm- 
 strong's land, 
 [south of New 
 Columbia.] 
 
 At Thos. Moore's. 
 
 New settler. 
 
 New settler. 
 
 On Thos. Hutchin- 
 son's. 
 
 Lives with John 
 Hiltman. 
 
 Lives on Robt. Mc- 
 Corley's land. 
 
 On J. Thompson's. 
 
 [Near New Colum- 
 bia.] 
 
72 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1775. 
 
 Pontius, Andrew. . 
 Reed, William. . . . 
 
 Reese, Abel 
 
 Rearick, John .... 
 Rinehard, George. 
 
 Reed, John 
 
 Rote, George 
 
 Reasoner, John. . . 
 Rorbaugh, George, 
 Redmond, John . . 
 Sutherland, Thomas 
 Storms, Christian 
 
 Sierer, John 
 
 Smith, Adam . . . 
 Snyder, Michael . 
 
 Scott, John 
 
 Shively, Christian. 
 Smith, David .... 
 
 Shively, John, 
 Seller, Peter , . 
 
 Sips, Joseph. 
 
 Swartz, Peter. . . . 
 Stover, Philip .... 
 Smith, Catherine. . 
 Sutherland, Daniel. 
 
 Smith, John 
 
 Steen, Alexander. . 
 Speddy, William. . 
 Shoemaker, Peter. 
 Shaw, Hamilton . . 
 
 15 
 20 
 40 
 15 
 15 
 
 3 
 30 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 20 
 
 30 
 60 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 20 
 20 
 10 
 
 3 
 50 
 
 4 
 25 
 
 a 
 
 fs 
 
 ^ 
 
 to 
 
 New settler. 
 Living at Ludwig 
 Derr's. 
 
 [In Limestone, his 
 gr'd children still 
 occupy the old 
 place, near White 
 springs.] 
 
 On Rob't. Barber's 
 land. 
 
 [The first miller, 
 at Barber's lit- 
 tle mill, called 
 Smith's mill, for 
 many years.] 
 
 [ Afterwards cap- 
 tured by the In- 
 dians, on Esquire 
 Lincoln's place. 
 He never came 
 back.] 
 
 [Lived on late farm 
 of D. Henning.] 
 
 [ Hon. George F. 
 Miller's place. ] 
 
 [White DeerMills.] 
 
 New settler.. 
 
1775.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 73 
 
 Sample, John 
 
 Sample, Robert . . . . 
 Dreisbach, Martin., 
 Dreisbach, Jacob . . 
 Dreisbach, Henry. 
 
 Tovvnson, C 
 
 Templeton, Ann. . . 
 Thompson, John.. 
 Thomas, James . . . . 
 
 Thornbury, Thomas 
 
 Tate, John 
 
 Tate, Joseph 
 
 Titzell, Henry. . . 
 
 Thom, James 
 
 Thompson , Robert 
 Tavler, Joseph. . . . 
 
 Varner, Daniel . . . 
 Vandyke, Henry. . 
 Wilson, John ..... 
 Wilson, Matthew. 
 Wilson, Peter .... 
 Wolfe, George . . . 
 Welker, Leonard. . 
 
 Wise, Jacob 
 
 Watson, Pertrick. . . 
 Wierbaugh, John . . 
 Williams, George . . 
 
 Watson, Hugh 
 
 Wolfe, Andrew. . . . 
 Weyland, George. . 
 
 Weeks, Joseph 
 
 Wertz, Dietrich. . . 
 Wilson, William . . . 
 Young, Matthew . . . 
 
 Young, James 
 
 Young, Samuel . . . . 
 Kennedy, Samuel . . 
 Kennedy, John . . . . 
 Anderson, Thomas . . 
 Rodman, Wilham . . 
 
 23 
 
 30 
 
 16 
 
 5 
 60 
 
 50 
 50 
 4 
 10 
 12 
 
 I 
 30 
 
 6 
 
 30 
 40 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 3 
 
 25 
 8 
 
 50 
 ^5 
 10 
 
 12 
 60 
 
 03 
 
 Living on JasMc- 
 Clenachan's. 
 
 On John Foster's 
 
 land. 
 On Ludwig Derr's. 
 William Clark's. 
 
 Grist and saw-mill. 
 
 Freeman on John 
 
 Lowdon's. 
 New settler. 
 [Now Jackson Ri- 
 
 shel's.] 
 
 On Robert Barber's 
 land. 
 
 LudwigDerr's land. 
 
 New settler. 
 [Now Rev. J. Ro- 
 denbaugh's.] 
 
 [Dry valley.] 
 On Wm. Blythe's. 
 
74 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1775. 
 
 Row, Joseph 
 
 Johnston, John. . . . 
 Wildgoose, Michael 
 Glover, John 
 
 ^ 
 
 30 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 ^ 
 
 G 
 
 Vi 
 
 <>2 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Whole number of acres cultivated in the Valley, four thousand 
 three hundred and eighty-three ; total horses, three hundred and 
 forty ; cows, four hundred and fourteen ; sheep, one hundred and 
 forty-one ; taxable inhabitants, two hundred and sixty ; six grist and 
 saw-mills, and five slaves. 
 
 In the summer of 1873, Jo^^^^ Lesher tore down the old house, 
 known many years as Billmyer's tavern, and afterwards as " Geb- 
 hart's. ' ' On taking off the more modern weather-boards, a log build- 
 ing, about forty-four feet square, was disclosed. In the logs were 
 marks of arrows,- and many bullet holes. Between the flooring he 
 found a shingle, on which was written, "James Taler ; built, 1775," 
 the name, no doubt, of the carpenter, as William McCandlish was 
 the owner. William McCandlish died in the fall of 1 783, and it was 
 sold, in 1784, to Andrew Billmyer, (grandfather of Philip Bill- 
 myer, of Lewisburg,) who sold it on the 21st of May, 181 2, to 
 Philip Gebhart. It was the place of rendezvous for the people in 
 the lower end of the Valley during the subsequent Indian troubles, 
 1776-1783. • 
 
 In 1815, Michael Shirtz's deposition was taken, in a suit between 
 John Hoy and John Stees. He said he came to live in the neigh- 
 borhood in 1775. That the land in dispute between them was then 
 occupied by Michael Snyder, (east end of Peter Wolfe's warrantee.) 
 He had cleared eight or nine acres and had grain in. It adjoined 
 what was called the " Switzer tract," surveyed in the warrantee 
 name of John James LeRoy, and between it and the Limestone 
 ridge. Snyder occupied it until the country was drove by the In- 
 dian, 1778 and 1779. After that, Martin Rinehart bought the land, 
 and sold part to Andrew Pontius and part to Christopher Boohave, 
 (Bogenreif.) That the first year the settlers returned after the war, 
 he saw Andrew Pontius in possession of it, inclosed in fence and 
 
1775.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 75 
 
 grain growing upon it. The latter sold to John Stees. The 
 deponent moved to the territory of Ohio in 1800. 
 
 In the spring of 1775, Yost Hoffman, of Lancaster county, black- 
 smith, bought of Jacob Baker, the place next above Datisman's. 
 His descendants still occupy it. John Forsyth, a deputy for Wil- 
 liam Maclay, made quite a number of surveys this year. These 
 and other surveys are noted, because they show what lands were yet 
 unsettled. The Richard Manning for John Lee, on the river next 
 above the Proprietaries, in Monroe township now. 25th March, 
 the addition to John Foster's order, in the name of John Umstead, 
 near Farmersville. 29th, Jacob Long's, a little north-east of Har- 
 tleton. 31st March, 1775, took Daniel Long's note for surveying 
 fee, ^2 los. The William Kelly, on Buffalo mountain, ist April. 
 Jacob Haines, in Union, lately owned by Major Gibson, 6th May. 
 Aaron Levy on Buffalo mountain. "North line open," he says. 
 No wonder subsequent surveyors could not find it. 
 
 12th July, Nehemiah Breese, of Sunbury, surveyed the John 
 Sneagon tract, now Chappel's Hollow, then called Haverly's gap. 
 Whoever tabled his notes, (he died not long after,) and made the 
 return of survey, made the N. 20° W. line from the pine one hun- 
 dred perches, instead of sixty, to chestnut, which produced a great 
 dispute afterwards between Abraham Eyer and John Brown. 
 
 12th August, Breese surveyed the Thomas Smith tract for Joseph 
 Green, on which the latter built his mill, latterly known as Bellas', 
 on Penn's creek, below White spring. He says, not finding the ad- 
 joining surveyed line on the west of Craig's survey, to extend by the 
 supposed adjoining lands, to include the above quantity to post, 
 thence an open line by vacant land, to make the beginning. One 
 Nees lived on the west of this open line. When Green's land was sold 
 at sheriff's sale, in August, 1784, it was supposed to include Nees' 
 improvement, and so sold by Mr. Awl, who bought at the sheriff's 
 sale, to Badger, so that twenty acres now owned by Miller, Smith, 
 and others, near White spring, has been occupied, bought and sold 
 over and over again for a century, without any title from the Com- 
 monwealth. 
 
 27th August, he surveyed a small island for Martin Trester, 
 nearly opposite his house, and another one half mile below his house. 
 
76 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 24th, the Joseph Green, south of Captain T. Green. 8th September, 
 Robert Martin, on north branch of Buffalo creek. 8th September, 
 the Thomas Graham, adjoining McClenachan, in White Deer, west- 
 of George Leiser's. 
 
 Philip Seebold informed me (1872) that George Overmeier, 
 senior, John Rearick, Christian Shively, and Michael Focht were 
 brothers-in-law. Overmeier settled near where Mr. Seebold still 
 lives ; Shively, at the mouth of White Spring run ; Rearick, near 
 Wehr's tavern ; Focht, in Dry valley ; and added the singular fact, 
 that he, Seebold, owned at one time the Overmeier, Rearick, and 
 Focht homesteads. He is a grandson of George Overmeier. Con- 
 rad Sharp settled upon his tract, in Union township, west of Joseph 
 Shannon. — See case reported, 4 Yeates, 266. 
 
 The Revolutionary Struggle Inaugurated. 
 
 SuNBURY, 20th April, 1775. 
 
 Gentlemen : The time is at hand when the spirit of Americans 
 that love liberty and constitutional principles will be put to the 
 trial. What has been by them in their different resolves avowed 
 must, perhaps, at last be put in execution. The late alarming news 
 just received from England (which we may depend upon) informs 
 that the British Parliament are determined by force to put in execu- 
 tion every of their supreme edicts, as they style them, together with 
 their late oppressive acts, which we have so long, and with so little 
 or no effect, hitherto complained of. We consider it absolutely neces- 
 sary to have a general meeting of the whole county, in order to form 
 some regular plan, in conjunction with our countrymen, to give 
 every opposition to impending tyranny and oppression, either by 
 force or otherwise. The time of meeting, we think, will be best on 
 the first day of May next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, and the 
 place most convenient, at Vandyke's, near Beaver run, in Buffalo 
 Valley. We do, therefore, earnestly request that you will immedi- 
 ately, on the receipt hereof, in the most expeditious manner^ notify 
 the inhabitants of your township of this matter, and insist on their 
 attendance without fail there on that day. The place of meeting is 
 such where we cannot expect much accommodation. It will be. 
 
1775.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 therefore, necessary that every man should provide for himself. We 
 are your humble servants. 
 
 Signed by order of the committee. 
 
 Cas. Weitzel. 
 
 Directed to John Lowdon, Esquire, and Mr. Samuel Maclay, in 
 Buffalo Valley. 
 
 Philadelphia, ^z/«^ 15, 1775. 
 Gentlemen: Inclosed are resolves of Congress which we have 
 transmitted to you, and request you will use your utmost diligence 
 to have as many of the best marksmen procured to enlist as fast as 
 possible. They are wanting for immediate service at Boston, and 
 we have not the least doubt but the spirit of our people of this Prov- 
 ince will induce them without delay to enter into so glorious a 
 service. You will please to consult with gentlemen of knowledge 
 and interest, as you can, (though not of your committee,) for the 
 more speedy raising of the men, and let us know your sentiments 
 relative to such gentlemen as may be proper for officers, and such 
 as may be agreeable to the men. We hope the counties will advance 
 any moneys necessary, as they shall shortly be repaid by Congress. 
 The honor of Pennsylvania is at stake, and we have not the least 
 doubt but that every nerve will be exerted, not only collectively 
 but individually, to carry this matter into instant execution. You 
 will see by the attestation to be signed by the men, they are to serve 
 one year, unless sooner discharged. This may seem inconvenient, 
 as the enlistments will be in one day. The intention is to discharge 
 on the first day of July, 1776, unless their service may not be want- 
 ing so long, according to the attestation,- which may possibly happen 
 to be the case, and they may be discharged this fall. Let the com- 
 mittees or officers give certificates far any moneys necessary for the 
 service which the Congress will discharge. It is expected that 
 Cumberland will raise two companies, York one, Lancaster one, 
 Northampton one, and Northumberland and Bedford one. 
 
 You will keep the resolves of Congress as secret as the nature of 
 the case will admit, that the arrival of the men at Boston may be the 
 first notice General Gage has of this matter. 
 
 The pay of the officers is on the establishment of the whole army ; 
 but we beg leave to assure the officers that our interest will be 
 
y8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 exerted with our Assembly to the utmost to have an addition to 
 their pay, so as to be equal to the pay of officers of the same rank 
 in the Pennsylvania service last war. 
 
 We are, with esteem, gentlemen, your most humble servants, 
 Thomas Willing, John Dickinson, 
 
 James Wilson, Thomas Mifflin, 
 
 Charles Humphreys, George Ross. 
 
 John Morton, 
 
 In Congress, ^?<;«^ 14, 1775. 
 
 Resolved, That six companies of expert riflemen be immediately 
 raised in Pennsylvania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia. 
 That each company, as soon as conpleted, shall march and join the 
 army near Boston, to be there eniployed as light infantry under the 
 command of the chief officer in that army. That the pay of the 
 officers and privates be as follows : 
 
 A captain, at 20 dollars per M. 
 
 A lieutenant, at 13 J^ dollars per M. 
 
 A sergeant, at 8 dollars per M. 
 
 A corporal, at 7 ^/^ dollars per M. 
 
 A drummer, at 7 1/^ dollars per M, 
 
 A private, at 62/3 dollars per M. 
 
 To find their own arms and clothes. 
 
 That the form of enlistment be in the following words : 
 
 I have this day voluntarily enlisted myself as a soldier in the 
 American Continental army for one year, unless sooner discharged, 
 and do bind myself to conform in all instances to such rules and 
 regulations as are or shall be established for the government of the 
 said army. 
 
 Charles Thompson, Secretary. 
 
 True copy: Cas. Weitzel, Secretary. 
 
 On this paper is indorsed the following: "July i, 1775, Corne- 
 lius Daugherty enlisted, this day, Robert Tuft, Edward Masters, 
 James Garson, George Saltsman, Robert Rickey, Thomas Gilston, 
 Robert Liney, Robert Carothers, John Hamberton, Michael Hare," 
 in Joseph Green's handwriting. 
 
 I have a copy of Captain Lowdon's commission, which is still in 
 
1775.1 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 79 
 
 possession of Samuel Wright, at Columbia, furnished by the kind- 
 ness of Mr. Thomas Barber's son, who was at school there. It reads : 
 
 In Congress : The Delegates of the United Colonies of New 
 Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New 
 York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the counties of New Castle, 
 Kent, and Sussex, in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Caro- 
 lina, and South Carolina: 
 
 To John Lowdon, Esquire : 
 
 We, reposing especial trust and confidence in your patriotism, 
 valor, conduct, and fidelity, do, by these present, constitute and 
 appoint you to be captain of a company of riflemen in the bat- 
 talion commanded by Colonel William Thompson, in the army of 
 the United Colonies, raised for the defense of American liberty, 
 and for repelling any hostile invasion thereof. You are, therefore, 
 carefully and diligently to discharge the duty of captain, by doing 
 and performing all manner of things thereunto belonging. And 
 we do strictly charge and require all officers and soldiers under 
 your command to be obedient to your orders as captain ; and you 
 are to observe and follow such orders and directions, from time to 
 time, as you shall receive from this or a future Congress of the Uni- 
 ted Colonies, or committee of Congress for that purpose appointed, 
 or commander-in-chief for the time being of the army of the United 
 Colonies, or any other superior officer, according to the rules and 
 discipline of war, in pursuance of the trust reposed in you. This 
 commission to continue in force until revoked by this or a future 
 Congress. 
 
 By order of Congress. 
 
 John Hancock, President. 
 Attest : Charles Thompson, Secretary. 
 
 Philadelphia, _/?<{«,? 25, 1775. 
 
 Roll of Captain John Lowdon^ s Company, First Rifle Regiment, 
 Commanded by Colonel William Thompson. 
 
 Captain — Lowdon, John. 
 First Lieutenant — Parr, James. 
 Second Lieutenant — Wilson, James. 
 
8o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 Third Lieutenant — Wilson, William ; promoted second lieu- 
 tenant January 4, 1776. 
 
 Third Lieutenant — Dougherty, John ; appointed January 4, 1776. 
 
 Sergeants — Hammond, David; McCormick, Alexander; Mc- 
 Murray, William; Dougherty, Cornelius. 
 
 Corporals — Henry, Thomas; Edwards, William; ^Dougherty, 
 Cornelius; White, John, died January, 8, 1776; Carson, James j 
 Cochran, Charles. 
 
 Drummer — Grosvenor, Richard. 
 
 Privates — Adkins, William; All, Joseph, discharged July 31, 
 1775 ; Bernickle, John, afterwards sergeant in the German regi- 
 ment ; Brady, Samuel, afterwards captain lieutenant Eighth Penn- 
 sylvania; Briggs, William; Butler, John, discharged January 25, 
 1776; Calhoun, WilKam;. Carothers, Robert; Carson, James, 
 advanced to corporal, January 4 ; Casaday, John ; Cealy, Samuel ; 
 Clements, David ; Cochran, Charles, advanced to corporal January 
 8, discharged July i, 1776, living in Crawford county in 1819; 
 Condon, Peter ; Davis, David ; Dean, John ; Eicholtz, John, residing 
 in Lancaster in 181 3; Evans, John; Finkboner, Jacob; Ford, 
 Charles ; Garson, James ; Ginter, Philip ; Gilston, Thomas ; Hamil- 
 ton, John ; Harris, David ; Hare, Michael ; Hempington, Thomas ; 
 Henning, Christopher; Humber, William; Jamison, William; Johns, 
 Samuel; Johnston, James; Jones, Lewis; Kilday, Thomas; Kline, 
 Nicholas ; Ladley, John ; Lowdon, Samuel ; Leek, William ; Lines, 
 Robert; Lobden, Thomas; Masseker, Reuben, deserted July 31, 
 1775 ; Madock, Moses; Malone, John; Maloy, Charles; McMuUen, 
 Alexander; McGonigal, Patrick; McConnell, Cornelius; McCoy, 
 Martin ; McCleary, James ; McMasters, Edward, residing in Ly- 
 coming county in 1823; Morgan, William; Murray, William; 
 Murphy, Timothy ; Murphy, John ; Neely, John, he was captured 
 at Fort Freeland, July, 28, 1779, ^^^ taken to Canada; Oakes, 
 Daniel; Oliver, John; Parker, Michael; Peltson, Thomas, re-in- 
 listed in the First Pennsylvania, and was killed by Joseph Black- 
 burn in 1777; Pence, Peter; Ray, John; Richie, Robert; Roach, 
 Bartholomew; Robinson, John ; Sands, George ; Saltzman, George; 
 Segar, George ; Silverthorn, Henry ; Shawnee, John, (was a Shaw- 
 anese Indian, died at Milesburg — see Jones' Juniata Valley, page 
 352;) Smith, John, (son of Widow Smith, of White Deer Mills; 
 
1775.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 8i 
 
 he never came back from the army;) Speddy, James, (lived and 
 died at New BerHn;) Sutton, Arad, (Hved on Lycoming creek; 
 the first Methodist society in northern Pennsylvania was formed at 
 his house, in 1791 ;) Sweeney, James, discharged July 20, 1775; 
 Teel, John; Tuft, Robert, discharged October 25, 1775; Valen- 
 tine, Philip, discharged July 20, 1775 ; Ward, Peter; Ward, John; 
 West, Charles, died January 4, 1776; Whiteneck, Joseph; Wright, 
 Aaron, (residing in Reading in 1840;) Youse, John; Young, Robert, 
 (died in Walker township. Centre county, in 1824.) 
 
 Quite a large number of this company re-enlisted for three years, 
 or during the war, in Captain James Parr's company, first regi- 
 ment, commanded by Colonel Edward Hand, who became colonel 
 when Colonel Thompson was made brigadier. 
 
 Of the company, Lieutenant Parr rose to the rank of major, 
 served brilliantly in command of riflemen under Morgan, at Sara- 
 toga and Stillwater, and under Sullivan, in 1779. Second Lieutenant 
 William Wilson was promoted captain, March 2, 1777, and con- 
 tinued in the army until the close of the war in 1783. . He died at 
 Chilhsquaque mills in 181 3, while an associate judge of North- 
 umberland county. David Hammond rose to the rank of lieu- 
 tenant. He was severely wounded in Wayne's attack upon the 
 block-house at Bergen Point, now Jersey City. He died April 2 2 , 
 1 801, from the effects of his wound, and is buried in the Chilhs- 
 quaque graveyard. He was the father of the late General R. H. 
 Hammond, of Milton. Peter Pence was celebrated in border war- 
 fare, and figures conspicuously in Van Campen's narrative. Captain 
 McHenry informs me he died in Crawford township, Clinton 
 county, in 1827. He left a son, John, living in that neighborhood. 
 
 Captain Lowdon's company rendezvoused at Sunbury ; marched 
 thence to Reading and Easton ; thence through northern part of 
 New Jersey, crossed the Hudson at New Windsor, a few miles 
 north-west of West Point ; thence, through Hartford, to Cambridge, 
 where it arrived about the 8th of August. McCabe, in his sketches 
 of Captain Samuel Brady, has preserved some few incidents of this 
 service. He says, on one occasion, Brady was sitting on a fence, 
 with the captain, when a cannon ball from a British battery struck the 
 fence, and leveled them both. Brady was the first up, saying "we 
 are not hurt, Captain." I found in a contemporary newspaper an 
 6 
 
S2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 account of the island fight, to which McCabe alludes, when he 
 says: " Lowdon's company was ordered to drive the British from an 
 island on which they had landed to forage. Brady was considered too 
 young to go along, and left behind ; but, to the astonishment of the 
 captain, he followed after, and was the second man on the island." 
 
 November 9, the British landed at Lechmere Point, one and a 
 half miles from Cambridge, under cover of a fire from their bat- 
 teries on Bunker, Breed, and Copp's hills, as also from a frigate, 
 which lay three hundred yards off the point on which they landed. 
 The high tide prevented our people crossing the causeway for nearly 
 an hour. This time they employed in shooting cows and horses. 
 The battalion of Colonel Thompson took to the water, although up 
 to their armpits, for a quarter of a mile, and, notwithstanding the 
 regular fire, reached the island. Although the enemy were lodged 
 behind stone walls and under cover, on Colonel Thompson's 
 approach they fled, and although the riflemen followed them to their 
 boats with all speed, they could not bring them to an engagement. 
 Our loss was one killed and three wounded ; English loss seventeen 
 killed and one wounded. — Philadelphia Evening Post, 1775. 
 
 In "The Letters of Mrs. Adams," wife of John Adams, page 61, 
 under date 12th November, 1775, is also a notice of this incident : 
 "A number of cattle were kept at Lechmere Point, where two 
 sentinels were placed. In a high tide it is an island. About four 
 hundred men were sent to take the cattle off. As soon as they 
 were perceived, the cannon on Prospect hill were fired on them and 
 sunk one of their boats. A Colonel Thompson, of the riflemen, 
 marched instantly with his men, and though a very stormy day, 
 they regarded not the tide nor waited for boats, but marched over 
 neck-high in water, when the regulars ran without waiting to get 
 off their stock, and made the best of their way to the opposite 
 shore. The general sent his thanks in a public manner to the brave 
 officer and his men." 
 
 Colonel Thompson's men are thus described in Thacher's Mili- 
 tary Journal: "Several companies of riflemen have arrived here 
 from Pennsylvania and Maryland, a distance of from five hundred 
 to seven hundred miles. They are remarkably stout and hardy 
 men, many of them exceeding six feet in height. They are dressed 
 in rifle shirts and round hats. These men are remarkable for the 
 
1775.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 83 
 
 accuracy of their aim, striking a mark with great certainty at two 
 hundred yards distance. At a review, a company of them, while 
 on a quick advance, fired their balls into objects of seven inch 
 diameter, at a distance of two hundred and fifty yards. They are 
 now stationed on our lines, and their shot have frequently proved 
 fatal to British officers and soldiers." Journal, pages 37 and 38. 
 
 Philadelphia, August 13, 1775. 
 
 Dear • Sir : — We hope this letter will find you safe at the head 
 of your company, acting in support and defense of American liberty; 
 a glorious cause, which must stimulate the breast of every honest 
 and virtuous American, and force him, with undaunted courage and 
 unabated vigor, to oppose those ministerial robbers. We hope the 
 contest will be ended where it began, and that the effusion of blood 
 may be providentially prevented, but, at the same time, we hope to 
 see American liberty permanently established, to have the honor, ere 
 long, to serve in her righteous cause ; and we are well convinced 
 that these sentiments prevail throughout this Province. You can't 
 conceive what a martial spirit prevails here, and in what order we 
 are. Two battalions, with the light infantry companies, are very 
 expert in all the manoeuvres, and are generally well furnished with 
 arms. Several companies of riflemen are formed in this city and 
 the adjacent counties, who are become expert in shooting ; besides 
 we have sixteen row galleys, with latteen sails, now building. Some 
 of them are already rigged and manned. These galleys are rowed 
 with from twenty-four to thirty oars, and carry each one gun, from 
 eighteen to thirty-two pounds, besides swivel guns, fore and aft. 
 We are told by experienced men that these galleys will prevent any 
 ship of war from coming up this river. All the coast to Georgia is 
 alarmed — prepared to oppose our ministerial enemies. Where, 
 then, can these British bastards, those servile engines of ministerial 
 power, go to steal a few sheep. God and nature has prescribed 
 their bounds. They can't deluge our lands, nor float their wooden 
 batteries beyond the bounds prescribed, nor dare they to penetrate 
 so as from afar to view those high-topped mountains which separate 
 the lower plains from our Canaan, and from whence, should their 
 folly or madness prompt them to attempt it, would come forth our 
 thousands and tens of thousands, with gigantic strides, to wash the 
 
84 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775, 
 
 plains with the blood of those degenerate invaders of the liberties 
 of mankind. 
 
 We, in conjunction with many others, presented a memorial to 
 the Congress, representing the threatened encroachments of the 
 Connecticut invaders of our Province. It was well received, and 
 the Connecticut Delegates and those of this Province were desired 
 to write to their people respectively, and inclosed I send you a copy 
 of the Connecticut letter to Wyoming. Stansburyhas in it charge, 
 and it seems to be all that honorable body could do in the affair. 
 
 Our partiality for the rifle battalion is so great that we are very 
 anxious to hear of their having distinguished themselves in some 
 great enterprise. This partiality is natural and allowable, when, from 
 one's personal acquaintance with many of their commanders, we can 
 and do with martial pride celebrate their distinguished abilities as 
 riflemen and soldiers. 
 
 We are, with great esteem, dear sir, your most humble servants, 
 
 Robert Lettis Hooper, junior, 
 Reuben Haines. 
 
 Captain John Lowdon. 
 
 P. S. — Present our compliments to Mr. Lukens and Mr. North. 
 Mr. Musser desires his compliments to you and them. 
 
 P. S. — August 17. Since the date of this letter Hawkins Boone 
 has been down, and says that the Connecticut people have not 
 attempted any encroachments lately, and, from circumstances, have 
 little reason to think they will. 
 
 Major Ennion Williams (journal before referred to) gives the 
 the details of a trip to the camp at Cambridge, under date October 
 17. He says : guns of one of our batteries, two miles from Boston, 
 firing. One bursted, and killed one man and wounded six. I 
 returned thence to the riflemen's camp, and stopped with Captain 
 Lowdon over night. At daybreak I awoke, and a few minutes after 
 the morning gun fired. All aroused directly; the men repaired 
 with arms and accouterments to the forts and lines, and in about ten 
 minutes the captains, with their companies, were in the fort, drawn 
 along the sides of the fort, and in two or three minutes they began 
 their firing. 
 
 The captain stepped on the banket or step, inside at foot of 
 
1775.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 85 
 
 breastwork, and gave the word, ' 'Make ready !" The front rank step 
 on the banket, and second step forward. "Present !" He does not 
 give the word "Fire !" but makes a pause. Then they recover, and 
 face to right about, and march through the files. At the word ' 'Make 
 ready !" again the next rank steps on the banket, and so on continu- 
 ually. Every laian is to be sure of his object before he fires, as he 
 rests his piece on the parapet. In about a half an hour the flag vi^as 
 hoisted. They ceased, and retired by regiments to their quarters, 
 and the orderly sergeant read the orders of the day and trials by 
 court martial, &c. 
 
 There are numerous notices of this company in the Hand papers 
 in the possession of Mrs. S. B. Rogers, of Lancaster, the grand- 
 daughter of General Edward Hand, who was lieutenant colonel, 
 and afterwards colonel of the First Rifle Regiment. On the 24th of 
 October he says : " This morning at dawn Parr, from Northumber- 
 berland, with thirty men from us, marched for Portsmouth, New 
 Hampshire, to defend that place." On the 8th of March : " I am 
 stationed on Cobble Hill, with four companies of our regiment. Two 
 companies, Cluggages' and Chambers', were ordered to Dorchester 
 on Monday ; Ross' and Lowdon's relieved them yesterday. Every 
 regiment is to have a standard and colors. Our standard is to be 
 a deep green ground, the device a tiger, partly inclosed by toils, 
 attempting the pass, defended by a hunter, armed with a spear, (in 
 white,) on crimson field. The motto, Domari Noh:'^ 
 
 On the 14th of March, 1776, the company left Cambridge with 
 the battalion which was detached by General Washington, with five 
 other regiments, under General Sullivan, to prevent a landing of the 
 British at New York, when they evacuated Boston. Arrived at Hart- 
 ford on the 2ist, and at New York on the 28th. The company was 
 stationed on Longjsland during May and until June 30th, when it 
 was mustered out of service. 
 
 iThis standard is still in possession of Thomas Robinson, Esquire, grandson of 
 Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Kobinson, of the First Pennsylvania, and was on exhibi- 
 tion at the Centennial, 1876. I identified it by this description, found among the 
 Hand papers. 
 
86 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 Roll of Captains James Parr' s compatiy, enlisted for three years or 
 during the war , from July i, 1776. 
 
 Captain — Parr, James, promoted major October 9, 1778. 
 
 First Lieutenant — Wilson, James. 
 
 Second Lieutenant — Wilson, William, promoted captain March 2, 
 1777. 
 
 Third Lieutenant — Dougherty, John. 
 
 Sergeants — Hammond, David, (promoted second lieutenant, Sep- 
 tember 14, 1777; first heutenant, May 12, 1779,) McCormick, 
 Alexander; McMurray, William ; Dougherty, Cornelius. 
 
 Privates — Allen, David ; Bacher, Michael ; Bradley, John ; Calla- 
 han, Daniel; Campbell, Daniel ; Condon, Peter ; Conner, James; 
 Coons, Mansfield; Davis, David; Dubois, Richard; Delling, Cor- 
 nelius; Donahue, Patrick; Edwards, William; Griffin, John; Hag- 
 erty, William; Hammond, John; Henry, Philip; Hinson, Aquila; 
 Hutchinson, John; Jones, Lewis; Leech, William; Lochry, Michael; 
 Loughrey, James; McCleary, James; McConnell, Cornelius; Mc- 
 Cormick, Henry ; McGaughey, Hugh ; Malone, John ; Meloy, 
 Charles ; Moore, James ; Moore, William ; Morgan, William ; 
 Murphy, John; Murray, Patrick; Noishen, John; Norton, George; 
 Oliver, John ; Paine, Thomas ; Peltson, Thomas ; Peter, Philip ; 
 Rankin, John; Ray, .John; Ryan, William; Saltman, George; 
 Scott, Samuel ; Scott, William ; Sprigg, James ; Speddy, James ; 
 Stewart, Thomas; Sullivan, Maurice; Thompson, Alexander; Toner, 
 John; Warren, George; Washburn, Jonathan; Wilson, Matthew; 
 Willson, Samuel; Whiteneck, Joseph; Youse, John. 
 
 Road from Bald Eagle to Sunbury. 
 
 The viewers reported this road at November sessions. I copy so 
 much as relates to our Valley, as it indicates the names and resi- 
 dence of early settlers : 
 
 ' ' From a white oak in the Narrows, between White Deer and 
 Buffalo Valleys, two miles ninety-nine perches, to Smith's mills, 
 (now Candor's;) thence to white oak, west side of Blythe's mill 
 (which was probably nearer the mouth of the creek;) thence to 
 McClures, (who lived on Blythe's land ;) thence to a white oak oppo- 
 site the lower end of Marcus Huling's island, (Milton bridge 
 
1775.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ^7 
 
 island;) thence to a plumb at Peter S^^^rtz's, (Miller's place;) 
 thence to a stone at Clark's, (late John Kling's ;) thence to a post 
 at Robert Fruit's, (Hinely's;) thence to a post at William Gray's, 
 (now Paul Geddes' ;) thence to Buffalo creek, (where the iron bridge 
 now spans the creek;) thence to a pine near the head of Derr's 
 dam ; thence to a pine, corner of Abel Reese's, (/. e. through the 
 University grounds, to Adam Gundy and William Brown's corner ;) 
 thence to a post at Aurand's barn, (Jenkins' ;) thence to John Lee's, 
 (Winfield;) 'thence to Andrew Gibson's; thence to the gum near 
 Reuben Haines' road ; thence down the same to the black oak on 
 the west bank of the river, opposite Sunbury." 
 
 At the same sessions, the great road up the Valley was extended, 
 through the Narrows, to the Great Plains, now in Centre county. 
 
 25th December occurred Plunket's expedition to Wyoming. 
 Colonel Kelly and some others from the Valley were along. Jesse 
 Lukens, Surveyor General Lukens' son, was killed. The history of 
 this expedition, taken from the records at Harrisburg, I will give in 
 
 brief : 
 
 On the 23d of November, the Speaker laid before the Assembly 
 a letter from Samuel Hunter, and others, stating that two of the 
 magistrates and the sheriff of the county had an interview with 
 Zebulon Butler and some others of the principal men among the 
 Connecticut settlers at Wyoming, and read the resolves of the 
 Assembly to them, and inquired whether they would peaceably 
 submit to the laws of Pennsylvania. They answered that they 
 despised the laws of Pennsylvania, and never would submit to them 
 unless compelled by force. The magistrates received a great deal 
 of abuse, and returned a different road from that in which they had 
 gone, on account of the risk of their Uves. 
 
 The Assembly, on the 25 th, requested the Governor to issue 
 orders for a due execution of the laws of the Province in North- 
 umberland county, which the Governor did in a letter of that date 
 to the justices and sheriff. The report of the latter to the Gover- 
 nor is dated Sunbury, 30th December, 1775, and states that pursu- 
 ant to his orders, a number of warrants for the apprehension of a 
 number of persons residing at Wyoming, charged on oath with ille- 
 gal practices and crimes, were placed in the Sheriff's hands. He 
 judged it prudent to raise the posse of the county, and a body of 
 
88 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1775. 
 
 near five hundred men Accompanied him to the neighborhood of 
 Wyoming. They were met by some of the people ; one of whom 
 was said to be an officer. The intentions of the sheriff and his posse 
 were explained, and that no violence or molestation would be 
 offered any one submitting to the laws. The sheriff had proceeded 
 but a little further when he was fired upon, and Hugh McWilliams 
 was killed and three others dangerously wounded. It was found 
 impossible to force a passage on that side of the river, as the Nar- 
 rows had been fortified with great care, and were lined with num- 
 bers of men, to which ours bore no reasonable proportion. An 
 attempt was then made to cross the river in the night, for greater 
 secrecy, to reach the settlements of the persons against whom the 
 process had issued. When the boats had nearly reached the oppo- 
 site shore, and were entangled in a margin of ice, too thin to bear 
 the weight of a man, they were, without previous challenge, repeat- 
 edly fired upon by a party on top of the bank. Jesse Lukens 
 received a mortal wound, of which he is since dead. As a landing 
 could not be effected, the boats returned. Baffled in the second 
 attempt, and the weather being intolerably severe, and receiving 
 information that the parties he desired to arrest were chief in com- 
 mand in the breastworks, it was deemed advisable to desist from 
 any further attempt. A constant fire was kept upon our men from 
 the opposite side, while they retreated through a long narrows. 
 One man only, however, was wounded in the arm, &c. 
 
 This report is 'signed by William Scull, sheriff; Samuel Harris, 
 coroner; and the justices, William Plunket, Samuel Hunter, 
 Michael Troy, and John Weitzel. 
 
i>l>{6 
 
 
 White Deer Township Erected — Associators — Second Battalion — 
 Colonel Potter — Inhabitants of Penn's — Churches of the Valley — 
 Constitutional Convention — Incident at Derr's Trading-House — 
 Minutes of the County Committee — Roll of Captain Weitzel's 
 Company — Fourth Battalion of Associators — Roll of Captain John 
 Clarke's Company — Roster of Twelfth Pennsylvania. 
 
 OHN PENN, Governor, until September 28, when the 
 New Constitution went into effect. The surveys, made 
 under John Penn's warrants, until December of this 
 year, were afterwards legalized. James Potter, addi-' 
 tional Member of Assembly. Colonel Samuel Hunter, member of 
 the Committee of Safety, at Philadelphia. William Maclay, Prothon- 
 otary ; William Scull, Sheriff; County Commissioners, Thomas 
 Hewitt, Wilham Gray. 2 2d January, John Weitzel sworn in as 
 County Commissioner. Attorneys admitted, William Price Gibbs, 
 and William Lawrence Blair. 
 i Officers of Buffalo township : Constable, Christian Storms ; Over- 
 \j' seers, John Clarke and John Pontius; Supervisors, Joseph Green 
 and Jacob Fought. 
 
 At February sessions. White Deer township was set off from Buf- 
 falo, by a line beginning at the upper side of Buffalo creek, at its 
 mouth ; thence up the same to the mouth of Spruce run ; thence 
 up the same to the forks thereof ; thence up the north-east branch 
 to the head thereof; thence by a straight line to the four-mile tree, 
 on Reuben Haines' road, on the line of Potter township. Its first 
 officers were: Peter Swartz, constable; Walter Clark and Matthew 
 
go ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776, 
 
 Brown, overseers ; Hugh Caldwell and Robert Fruit, supervisors. 
 Henry Iddings bought the Parsons' place, adjoining Colonel 
 Kelly's, and moved into the Valley. During the summer of this 
 year Widow Smith added a boring-mill to her other mills, near 
 the mouth of White Deer creek. Here a great number of gun- 
 barrels were bored for the Continental army. 
 
 Northumberland, y^x^z^arjK 24, 1776. 
 
 I do hereby certify that at an election for field officers, held at 
 Ludwig Derr's, on the West Branch' of the Susquehanna, on Tues- 
 day, the 12th day of September last, the following gentlemen were 
 regularly chosen for the upper division, of the county of Northum- 
 berland, viz : James Potter, Esquire, colonel ; Robert Moodie, 
 Esquire, lieutenant colonel ; Mr. John Kelly, first major ; Mr. John 
 Brady, second major. 
 
 William Scull, 
 Chairman of the Committee. 
 
 A Return of the Names of the Captains and other Offt,cers of the 
 several Companies , in the Upper Division of the County of 
 Northumberland, with the Ranks of said Companies and member 
 of Men. 
 
 Arthur Taggart, first captain, 
 
 Cornelius Atkinson, first lieutenant, \ 
 
 James McClung, second lieutenant, >- 85 privates. 
 
 James Wilson, ensign. ) 
 
 William Gray, second captain, 
 
 William Clark, first lieutenant, \ 
 
 James Murdoch, second lieutenant, V 90 privates. 
 
 William Thompson, ensign. ) 
 
 David Berry, third captain, 
 
 William Hammond, first lieutenant, ^ 
 
 Samuel Dale, fourth captain, 
 
 Israel Parsels, second lieutenant, >- 45 privates. 
 
 Benjamin Burt, ensign. 
 
 William Bennet, first lieutenant, ^ 
 
 Hawkins Boone, second lieutenant, >■ 67 privates. 
 
 Jesse Weeks, ensign. ) 
 
1776.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Qr 
 
 Cookson Long, fifth captain, 
 William Mucklehatton, first lieutenant, 
 Robert Fleming, second lieutenant, 
 Robert Fleming, junior, ensign. 
 Samuel Wallis, sixth captain, 
 John Scudder, first lieutenant, 
 Peter Jones, second lieutenant, 
 James Hampton, ensign. 
 
 James Murray, seventh captain, 
 William Murray, first lieutenant, 
 Thomas Plunket, second lieutenant, 
 Andrew Robinson, ensign. 
 
 Henry Antes, eighth captain, 
 Thomas Brandon, first Ueutenant, 
 Alexander Hamilton, second lieutenant, 
 Simon Cole, ensign. 
 
 John McMillan, ninth captain, 
 John McConnol, first lieutenant, 
 John McCormick, second lieutenant, 
 Charles Wilson, ensign. 
 
 David Hayes, tenth captain, 
 Charles Clark, first lieutenant, 
 Thomas Gray, ensign. 
 
 PhiHp Davis, eleventh captain, 
 James Aspey, first lieutenant, 
 John Nelson, second heutenant, 
 Jacob Fulmore, ensign. 
 
 59 privates. 
 
 91 privates. 
 
 60 privates. 
 
 58 privates. 
 
 43 privates. 
 
 I 41 privates. 
 
 74 privates. 
 
 NoRTHUMBELRAND, 2 \th January, 1776. 
 I do hereby certify the above to be a true return, of the several 
 companies, which, form the battalion in the upper division of the 
 county of Northumberland, as delivered in to me. 
 
 William Scull, 
 Chairman of the Committee. 
 To the Committee of Safety of the Province of Pennsylvania. 
 
 The following imperfect list of the inhabitants of Penn's town- 
 ship is taken from the duplicate of Christian Seecrist, collector for 
 this year, duplicate being mutilated: Adams, George; Albright, 
 
g2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Jacob ; Albright, Frederick ; Arnold, Casper ; Arnold, Lawrence ; 
 Augustine, Hieronimus ; Ault, Michael ; Bait, Adam ; Bander, 
 Adam; Baker, William ; Berst, Peter; Bear, Jacob; Bickel, Tobias ; 
 Bomberger, John ; Bower, Peter ; Bower, Henry ; Bright, John ; 
 Bressler, Nicholas ; Brouse, John ; Brau, Martin ; Bombach, George ; 
 Crean, John ; Hassinger, Jacob ; Hosterman, Peter; Hosterman, 
 Jacob, junior ; Jacobs, Joseph ; Jorday, Peter ; Jordan, Philip ; 
 Jost, Casper ; Kerstetter, Michael ; Kerstetter, Bastian ; Keller, 
 Michael ; Kebler, John ; Kline, Andrew ; Kline, Jacob ; Kline, 
 George; Kline, Stophel; Kroo, Godfrey; Kremer, Peter; Kremer, 
 Daniel ; Graybill, (Krebill,) John; Kreger, Henry; Krail, Michael; 
 Laudenslager, George ; Seiver, Adam, inmate ; Lewis, John, in- 
 mate ; Lepley, Michael ; Leist, David ; Lemley, Leonard ; Livin- 
 good, Jacob ; Lively, John ; Livelihood, F. ; Livey, Peter ; Lowrey, 
 George ; Long, Christian ; Livengood, -George ; Maurer, Law- 
 rence ; Maurer, Peter ; Manning Richard ; Markley, Peter ; Mark- 
 ley, Simeon; Martin, Frederick; Mensch, Charles; Menich, 
 Simeon ; Meiser, Michael ; Meiser, John ; Meiser, John ; Meese, 
 Thomas ; Miser, Henry ; Miller, Henry ; Miller, Christian ; Miller, 
 Frederick ; Miller, Dewalt ; Miller, George ; Moon, William ; Moon, 
 Casper, junior ; Motz, George, inmate ; Motz, John ; Moore, Andrew; 
 Moon, Casper, senior; Motz, Michael; Mull, Anthony; Murray, 
 Alexander; Myer, Charles; Myer, Jacob, junior; Myer, Jacob, 
 senior; Myer, Alexander ; Myer, Stophel ; McQueen, John ; Mc- 
 Kean, William ; Newcomer, Francis ; Nees, William ; Newman, 
 Jacob; Neff, Jacob; O'Brien, Patrick; Puff, Dewall ; Pyle, Peter; 
 Reger, Michael; Reed, John; Reager, Adam, junior; Reichen- 
 bach, John, senior ; Reichenbach, John, junior ; Reed, Casper ; 
 Ream, John; Riddle, Yost; Richart, Henry; Righter, Christian; 
 Right, Ellis ; Row, George ; Row, George, junior ; Row, John ; 
 Row, Martin ; Roush, Casper ; Roush, George ; Robert, John ; 
 Rush, John ; Ryne, Henry ; Sense, Frederick ; Seecrist, Christian ; 
 Schrock, John ; Schrock, George ; Shaffer, Peter ; Shaffer, Andrew ; 
 Shaffer, Ludwig ; Sharrett, Jacob ; Sherrick, John ; Shedderly, 
 Andrew; Shallenberger, Lawrence; Shock, Mathias ; Simeon, 
 Joseph ; Smith, John ; Smith, Nicholas ; Snyder, Harman ; Snyder. 
 Simon ; Snyder, Anthony ; Snider, John ; Snevely, Abraham ; 
 Swift, John; Spayd, Jacob; Specs, Jacob; Stees, Jacob; Steel, 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. gj 
 
 John ; Stephen, Adam ; Stinley, Daniel ; Stigleman, Jacob ; Straup, 
 Peter; Strayer, Mathias ; Strump, Casper; Stroam, Christian 3 
 Stock, Melchior; Summerouser, Henry; Sutton, Stephen; Svvengle, 
 Michael; Swartz, John; Swift, John; Swoab, George; Trester, 
 Martin, junior; Trester, Michael; Truckenmiller, Peter; Trout- 
 ner, George; Ulrich, George; Wales, John; Wallace, Samuel; 
 Walter, Ludwig; Walter, Jacob; Warfel, Henry; Weaver, Michael ; 
 Weiser, Peter, senior; Weiser, Benjamin, Esquire; Weirich, Peter; 
 Weirich, William; Whitmer, Peter; Whitmore, Michael; Witten- 
 myer, Andrew; WittenmyerTLudwig ; Wing, Hugh; Wise, George; 
 Worrah, or Woodrow, Ludwig; Zellar, John; Zerbach, Bartel ; 
 Zimmerman, Stophel; Zanzinger, Adam. Single men— Bickle, 
 Simon; Dellman, Andrew; Dill, Leonard; Dunkle, Charles; Gar- 
 ret, Henry; Havelock, Jacob; Isenhower, Frederick; Kremer, 
 Daniel ; Kerstetter, Martin ; List, Andrew ; Maxwell, James ; Me- 
 shall, Daniel ; Miller, Conrad ; Myst, John ; Rickert, John ; Stroup, 
 John; Snider, Stophel; Stock, Peter; Weaver, John; Zeller, 
 Henry. 
 
 The churches in what was called in general Shamokin, on both 
 sides of the Susquehanna, about the junction of the North and West 
 Branches, namely, Mahony, Sunbury, Middle Creek and Buffalo Val- 
 ley, were in existence as early as 1776. l\\ the minutes of Ccetus, 
 held in Lancaster, May i, is a minute " that different congregations 
 in Shamokin having asked for such an arrangement as to have min- 
 isters visit them, it was resolved that ministers should visit them 
 occasionally during this year, and preach to them," &c. Harbaugh's 
 Fathers of the German Reformed Church, 3d vol., 34th page. The 
 German Reformed Church was under the supervision of the church 
 in Holland until about the year 1791, and only such ministers were 
 received by the church as were either sent over by the Fathers in 
 Holland, or had their indorsement. Ibid., 2d vol. 
 
 Convention of 1776. 
 
 In consequence of a circular letter from the Committee of the City 
 and Liberties of Philadelphia, inclosing the resolution of the Con- 
 tinental Congress of the 15th of May, recommending the adoption 
 of the State Government in each of the Colonies, a provincial con- 
 
94 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, [1776. 
 
 ference was held at Philadelphia, on Tuesday, June i8. For the 
 committee of Northumberland county appeared Colonel William 
 Cooke, Alexander Hunter, Esquire, John Weitzel, Robert Martin 
 and Matthew Brown. This conference met at Carpenters' Hall, 
 and chose Colonel Thomas McKean, President. It was resolved 
 unanimously that a convention should be called to form a new 
 Government. Qualifications of an elector were fixed as follows : He 
 must be twenty-one years of age, have lived one year in the Province, 
 and paid either a provincial or county tax, and further, swear that 
 he would no longer bear allegiance to George III. To be a member 
 of the convention required like qualifications, and further, that he 
 must swear that he would oppose any measure that would interfere 
 with or obstruct the religious principles or practices of any of the 
 good people of the Province ; and still further, sign a declaration of 
 faith in the Trinity and in the Divine inspiration of the Old and 
 New Testament. 
 
 It was determined that each county should have eight Represent- 
 atives or members, the election for whom should be held on 
 Monday, the 8th of July, and it passed resolutions to raise four thou- 
 sand five hundred militia, to join a flying camp to consist of ten 
 thousand men in the middle Colonies, &c. 
 
 The election for Northumberland county was held at George 
 McCandlish's,^ (Turbutt.) Thomas Hewitt, William Shaw and 
 Joseph Green were the judges. The members elected were : William 
 Cooke, James Potter, Robert Martin, Matthew Brown, Walter Clark, 
 John Kelly, James Crawford, John Weitzel. The convention met 
 on Monday, the 15th of July, in Philadelphia, and Doctor Franklin 
 was chosen President. It continued, by adjournments, until the 28th 
 of September, when the Constitution was adopted and signed. 
 
 A short statement of its salient points will be of interest, and serve 
 to explain the political statistics of these Annals. The law-making 
 power was vested in a House of Representatives, the members of 
 which were to be chosen annually, by ballot, on the second Tuesday 
 of October, to meet on the fourth Monday of the same month. No 
 member could serve more than four years. It was to choose the 
 
 iMcOandllsh lived in a log house just baeli of Milton, on the late Samuel Hepburn, 
 Esquire's, farm. In July, 1779, Marcus Hulings sold him his tavern stand on the 
 river, at the end of Broadway street, Milton, Hulings returning to his old home, 
 Duncan's Island.— J. F. Wolfinger, Esquire. , 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 9j 
 
 State Treasurer and Delegates to Congress annually, of which no one 
 could be a member more than two years successively, nor be capable 
 of re-election for three years afterward. Each county was to be 
 entitled to six members until a proper apportionment could be made. 
 There was also a provision for the election of a council of censors 
 in 1783, and every seven years thereafter, two persons from each 
 city and county, whose duty it was to inquire whether the Constitu- 
 tion had been violated. 
 
 The execution of the laws devolved upon the President and 
 Supreme Executive Council. This consisted of twelve persons, one 
 for the city of Philadelphia, and one from each of the eleven coun- 
 ties into which the Province was then divided. They were, however, 
 chosen by districts. Northampton, Bedford, Northumberland and 
 Westmoreland constituting one district, the embryo of the present 
 senatorial representation. Every member of Council was a justice 
 of the peace for the whole State. The President and Vice President 
 of the State were chosen of members of the Council in joint conven- 
 tion of the Assembly and Council. The President had the power of 
 appointing and commissioning judges, &c., and of sitting as judge 
 in impeachment cases, and could grant pardons, &c. The judges 
 of the Supreme Court held office for seven years. Two or more 
 persons were chosen in each township as justices, and the Council 
 commissioned one or more of them for seven years. These justices 
 held the several courts. It did not follow, as remarked by Judge 
 Duncan, in Albright's case, who was both associate and justice in 
 1 81 3, the legality of holding both offices at the same time being 
 then tested and affirmed, that the Council should appoint the justices 
 of the sessions from the justices elect, though they generally did. 
 Two persons were to be voted for for sheriff, one of whom was 
 commissioned by the Council. The county commissioners and 
 assessors of taxes were to be elected by the people, thus embodying 
 in the Constitution the principles for which the Revolution was 
 inaugurated, the right of the people to tax themselves. 
 
 The convention, by an ordinance dated September 3, created a 
 new Council of Safety, of which Samuel Hunter and John Weitzel 
 were the members for Northumberland county. It also appointed 
 the following justices : Samuel Hunter, James Potter, William Ma- 
 clay, Robert Moodie, John Lowdon, Benjamin Weiser, Henry Antes, 
 and John Simpson. 
 
g6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 John Lowdon, of Silver Spring, near Mifflinburg, became member 
 of the Supreme Executive Council by choice of the Delegates from 
 the district of Northampton, Bedford, Westmoreland, and Nor- 
 thumberland counties. 
 
 Buffalo, White Deer, and Potter were in the third election dis- 
 trict; and the first election under the constitution was held at Fought's 
 mill, (near Mifflinburg,) on 3d of November. The Assembly met in 
 Philadelphia on the 28th of November, when Thomas Wharton^ 
 junior, was elected President of the Council and State ; John Jacobs 
 Speaker of the House. 
 
 Copy of Certificate on file in the office of the Secretary of the 
 Commonwealth. 
 
 Northumberland County, November 7, 1776. 
 
 Agreable to an ordinance in Convention for the State or Com- 
 monwealth of Pennsylvania, this is to certify that the following per- 
 sons were duly elected for the respective offices annexed to their 
 names for the county aforesaid : 
 
 Council, John Lowdon; Assembly, Thomas Hewitt, Samuel 
 Dale, Jacob Fulmer, Robert Fruit, David Robb, and Samuel Wallis; 
 Sheriff, Jonathan Lodge and James Murray ; Coroner, James Mc- 
 Mahan, John Murray ; Commissioners, William Gray, Philip Cole, 
 Joseph Wallis; Assessors, David Mead, Andrew Moore, James 
 Thompson, James McClure, William Watson, and William Shaw. 
 (Signed) John Brady, 
 
 James McClenachan, 
 John Gray, 
 Thomas Robinson, 
 Judges of the Different Districts, 
 
 Incident at Derr's Trading-House. 
 
 It is singular, after a careful search of contemporary documents, 
 I can find no allusion to the treaty, said to have been held at Fort 
 Augusta, at the time this incident occurred. It appears by contem- 
 porary evidence, that the Indians cut down their corn, and moved 
 off their families and effects, on the ist of July. Two Seneca In- 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. g7 
 
 dians came to the Great Island, (just below Lock Haven,) the day 
 before, and the whole party moved off suddenly, to join the Six 
 Nations in the war. That is the last we know of them as residents 
 of the West Branch valley, and our troubles with them then began. 
 
 In a letter, dated Paxton, August 27, 1776, John Harris says: 
 "The Indians, to the northward, southward, and westward, are for 
 war against us, as I am informed by a letter from Northumberland 
 county, by their post, two days ago. The Susquehanna Indians 
 are only for peace with us. About twenty Indians, (enemies,) men, 
 women, and children, have been many days past at Sunbury, and 
 make said report." In all probability this was the party that stopped 
 at Derr's trading-house, and the date of the incident, therefore, 
 August, 1776. 
 
 Christian Van Gundy (father of Captain Jacob Gundy, who is 
 my authority,) often related the incident. He said, his father. 
 Christian Van Gundy, senior, lived between John Strohecker's and 
 the late Jacob Spidler's, and kept the ferry there. He thought he 
 was about thirteen years old at the time ; but it appears, by his tomb- 
 stone, that he was born about the ist of March, 1766, and if thir- 
 teen, it would throw the date beyond that of the death of Captain 
 John Brady, (nth April, 1779.) He could, therefore, have been 
 only ten years of age. To resume his story : he said he saw the 
 Indians come up the river, until they arrived opposite where they 
 lived. They stopped, carried some things ashore, and left the 
 women there, then crossed over to Derr's trading-house. He asked 
 his father for permission to go up to see the Indians. He said he 
 saw Derr knock in the head of a whisky barrel, and give the In- 
 dians tin-cups to drink with. They drank and danced, and showed 
 how they scalped by gestures. Most of them got beastly drunk ; 
 but one would not drink any. He then saw Brady approach, and 
 kick over the barrel, which put an end to the frolic. He said they 
 would seize each other by the hair, and go through the form of 
 scalping, tearing off the scalp with the teeth. (Derr's house stood 
 by the cherry tree in the present garden, and the barrel was just in 
 front. So John Brown, senior, said, who owned the mill property 
 many years.) 
 
 R. B. McCabe, Esquire, of Blairsville, Indiana county, (whither 
 William P. Brady removed,) published, some forty years ago, in the 
 7 
 
()8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Blairsville Record, some sketches of the hfe of Captain Samuel 
 Brady, written upon the dictation of one of the Brady family, (so 
 the late Jasper E. Brady informed me,) in which this incident is 
 alluded to. He says Captain John Brady lived on the West Branch, 
 opposite the site of Lewisburg, on the place owned by Honorable 
 George Kremer's heirs. Derr had a small mill on the run that 
 empties into the river below the town, where he supplied the Indians 
 with powder, lead, rum, &c. Brady discovered that the Indians 
 were likely to be tampered with by the British, and proposed making 
 a treaty with the Seneca and Muncy tribes, who were up the West 
 Branch, and were at variance with the Delawares, who were on the 
 North Branch. Captain Brady and two others were selected by the 
 people at Fort Augusta to go after the Senecas and Muncys. The 
 Indians met them in a very friendly manner, and promised to attend 
 at Fort Augusta on the day appointed. 
 
 They came down about one hundred strong, and dressed in war 
 costume. The people at the Fort were too poor to give them any- 
 thing of value, and they did not succeed in making a treaty. They 
 left the fort, however, in a good humor, and taking their canoes, 
 proceeded homeward. 
 
 Late in the day, Brady thought of Derr's trading-house, and 
 mounting a small mare he had, crossed the North Branch, rode 
 home with all speed. He saw the canoes of the Indians on the 
 bank of the river, near Derr's, and, when near enough, saw the 
 squaws working the canoes over to his side of the river, and when 
 they landed they made for the thickets of sumac which grew on his 
 land. They were conveying the rifles, tomahawks, and knives into 
 the thickets, and hiding them. Brady jumped into a canoe and 
 crossed to Derr's trading-house, where he found the Indians drunk, 
 and a barrel of rum standing on end before Derr's door, with the 
 head out. He instantly overset it and spilled the rum, saying to 
 Derr, " My God, Ludwig, what have you done?" Derr replied, 
 ' ' Dey dells me you gif um no dreet down on de fort, so I dinks as 
 I give um one here, als he go home in bease." One of the Indians 
 told Brady he would one day rue the spilling of that barrel ; and 
 Brady, being well acquainted with the Indian character, was con- 
 stantly on his guard for several years. 
 
 On the 4th of July, there was a convention of the associators, at 
 
1776.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 99 
 
 Lancaster, to elect two brigadiers general. Colonel Hunter's bat- 
 talion was represented by Captain Charles Gillespie, Lieutenant 
 George Calhoun, privates Frederick Stone and Laughlin McCart- 
 ney. Colonel Plunket's, by Major John Brady, Lieutenant Mor- 
 decai McKinney, privates Paul Geddes and Andrew Culbertson. 
 Colonel Weiser's, by the colonel, Lieutenant Colonel Samuel 
 Maclay, privates Seth Matlock and Jonas Yocum. Colonel Potter's, 
 by Lieutenant Colonel Robert Moodie, Captain William Gray, pri- 
 vates James McClenachan and Benjamin Starret. Daniel Roberdeau 
 and James Ewing were elected, Colonel Potter receiving a very 
 respectable vote. 
 
 July 29, Walter Clark and John Kelly, in attendance upon the 
 convention at Philadelphia, petition the Council of Safety that they 
 had just grounds to believe that the county would be disturbed by 
 the Indians, and stated that there was not sufficient ammunition in 
 the county for the four battalions already raised. 
 
 The original of the following minutes were given to the late 
 Joseph G. Wallace, of Lewisburg, by his grandfather. Captain Wil- 
 liam Gray, of Buffalo Valley, and loaned by him to Sherman Day, 
 who never returned them. I am indebted to John Jordan, junior, 
 Esquire, of Philadelphia, for a printed copy of them, published by 
 the Historical Society among their proceedings in 1846 : 
 
 MmUs of the Committee of Safety of Northumberland county, Penn- 
 sylvania, 
 
 From February d,th, 1776, to April T^th, 1777. 
 
 [From the original MS. lately presented to theHistorical Society of Pennsylvania.] 
 
 On the ^th of February, 1776, 
 The following gentlemen, being previously nominated by the 
 respective townships to serve in this committee, for the county of 
 Northumberland, for the space of six months, met at the house of 
 Richard Malone, viz. : 
 
 Augusta township. Mahoning township. 
 
 John Weitzel, Esquire, William Cook, Esquire, 
 
 Alexander Hunter, Esquire, Benjamin Allison, Esquire, 
 
 Thomond Ball. Mr. Thomas Hewet. 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1776. 
 
 Tiirbut township. 
 Captain John Hambright, 
 William McKnight, 
 
 William Shaw. 
 
 Bald Eagle township. 
 Mr. William Dunn, 
 Thomas Hughes, y 
 
 Alexander Hamilton. 
 
 Wioming township. 
 Mr. James Maclure, 
 Mr. Thomas Clayton, 
 Mr. Peter Melick, 
 
 Muncey township. 
 Robert Robb, Esquire, 
 William Watson, 
 John Buckalow. 
 
 Buff aloe township. 
 Mr. Walter Clark, removed to 
 
 White Deer, 
 William Irwin, ' 
 
 Joseph Green. 
 
 Penn's township. 
 
 Moughonoy township. 
 
 Potter township. 
 John Livingston, 
 Maurice Davis, 
 John Hall. 
 
 White Deer township. 
 Walter Clark, 
 Matthew Brown, 
 Marcus Huling. 
 The committee proceeded to elect a chairman and clerk, when 
 Captain John Hambright was unanimously appointed chairman 
 during the continuance of this committee, and Thomond Ball 
 clerk. 
 
 A return was presented to this committee, signed by William 
 Scull, Esquire, chairman of a meeting of the officers and committee- 
 men of the lower division of this county, held at Northumberland, 
 the 7th instant, certifying that the following gentlemen were duly 
 elected field officers for the battalion of said division, viz : 
 Samuel Hunter, Esquire, colonel. 
 William Cook, Esquii^e, lieutenant colonel. 
 Casper Weitzel, Esquire, first major. 
 Mr. John Lee, second major. 
 
177G.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. loz 
 
 Resolved, That we accept of the same as a true return, and that 
 the gentlemen therein mentioned be recommended to tlie Honorable 
 Assembly or Committee of Safety to be commissioned accordingly. 
 Complaint being made that the battaUon of the upper division of 
 this county have not yet met, so as to have a fair election for field 
 officers. 
 
 Resolved, That it be recommended to the officers, with three 
 committeemen from each township in said division, to meet at the 
 house of John Scudder, on Saturday, 24th instant, to elect their 
 field officers, and return them to this committee on Monday, 26th 
 instant, in order to be recommended to the Committee of Safety. 
 Resolved, That the absence of several gentlemen chosen captains 
 of companies in this county, (upon their several occasions,) and 
 such as did appear (from the short notices they have had) not being 
 provided with as regular returns of their off^cerg and companies as 
 we think can authorize ou^- recommendation of said captains or their 
 subalterns to the Assembly or Committee of Safety of this Province, 
 to remedy this inconvenience it is recommended to the committee- 
 men of each township to advertise a meeting of the several compa- 
 nies on Wednesday, 21st instant, at such places as the majority of 
 the committeemen shall think most convenient, where, under the 
 inspection of two or more committeemen, each company shall 
 establish their present, or elect other officers, as they shall think 
 proper, and the captains so established or elected shall make returns 
 of their subalterns and companies to this committee on Monday, 
 26th instant. It is expected that no gentlemen will offer to return 
 a company that does not consist of forty privates with the officers 
 and non-commissioned officers, agreeable to the regulations of our 
 Honorable House of Assembly. 
 
 Resolved, That if a committeeman or committeemen be elected 
 officers, one or more magistrate or magistrates present may certify 
 for them; and if no magistrate be present, then two or more reputa- 
 ble men certifying for the justness of the election will be accepted of. 
 Resolved, That it is the opinion of this committee that a petition 
 be presented to the Honorable Assembly of this Province, setting 
 forth the late murder of two of the sheriff's posse, near Wioming, 
 for attempting to act in conformity to the laws. 
 
 Resolved, That John Weitzel, Esquire, Alexander Hunter, Es- 
 
102 ■ ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 quire, and Mr. Thomond Ball, be a committee to frame said petition 
 and present it to this committee at their next meeting. 
 
 The committee then adjourned to Monday, 26th instant, at the 
 house of Laughlin McCartney, in Northumberland town. 
 
 Monday, February 26th, 1776. 
 The committee met, according to adjournment, at the house of 
 Laughlin McCartney, m Northumberland town, Captain John 
 Hambright in the chair. 
 
 Messrs. Weitzel, Hunter and Ball presented the form of a petition 
 to tlie Honorable Assembly, relative to the Connecticut intruders, 
 which was approved of and ordered to be copied fair. 
 
 The following gentlemen appeared and produced certificates of 
 their being regularly chosen captains of companies in Colonel 
 Hunter's battalion, and produced lists of their subalterns, compa- 
 nies, &c., viz : 
 
 Captain, Nicholas Miller, 
 First Lieutenant, Christopher Gettig, 
 Second Lieutenant, Nehemiah Breese, 
 First Ensign, Gustavus Ross, 
 Second Ensign, William Sims. 
 
 Captain, Hugh White, 
 First Lieutenant, John Forster, 
 Second Lieutenant, Andrew Gibson, 
 Erisign, Samuel Young. 
 
 Captain, James McMahon, 
 First Lieutenant, John Murray, 
 Second Lieutenant, William Fisher, 
 Ensign, William Baily. 
 
 Captain, Charles Gillespie, 
 First Lieutenant, Robert King, 
 Second Lieutenant, Samuel Fulton, 
 First Ensign, William Boyd, 
 Second Ensign, John Woodside. 
 
 Captain, William Scull, 
 
 First Lieutenant, Jonathan Lodge, 
 
 Second Lieutenant, George Colhoun, 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 103 
 
 First Ensign, William Sawyers, 
 Second Ensign, George Grant.. 
 
 Captain, William Clarke, 
 First Lieutenant, John Teitson, 
 Second Lieutenant, William McDonald, 
 First Ensign, John Moll. 
 Resolved, That the above six companies appear to be full and 
 regularly officered, and that they, with the iield officers of that bat- 
 talion, be recommended to the Committee of Safety to receive their 
 respective commissions ; which was done in a letter, of which the 
 following is an abstract : 
 
 Northumberland, February 26, 1776. 
 Gentlemen : At a meeting of the committee for this county, held 
 this day, the following gentlemen were returned as duly elected field 
 officers, captains, and subalterns of a battalion raised in this county, 
 viz : the officers mentioned above. The above returns of six com- 
 panies belonging to the battalion expected to be commanded by 
 Samuel Hunter, Esquire, appear to be well and regularly certified 
 as complete companies. There are two or three companies more 
 intend to belong to said battalion, but their captains being at present 
 out of the county, we have received no returns of them. We further 
 have the pleasure to inform you there is another complete battalion 
 formed in this county, intended to be under the command of Wil- 
 liam Plunket, Esquire ; but he with his other field officers being so 
 lately promoted, their companies have not had sufficient time to elect 
 captains in their room, we, therefore, think we cannot at present, with 
 propriety recommend them, but hope in a few days to have the 
 honor of transmitting to you a proper return of said battalion. In 
 the meantime take the liberty to recommend the above named gen- 
 tlemen to be commissioned in the several stations annexed to their 
 names. 
 
 And are, gentlemen, with due esteem, your very humble servants. 
 By order of the committee, 
 
 John Hambright, Chairman. 
 To the Committee of Safety, Philadelphia. 
 
 Resolved, That as several companies belonging to battalions in 
 this county have not yet brought in their returns, and it may be 
 
104 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 inconvenient to call the whole committee together to receive their 
 returns, that the chairman, with four others of the committee, be 
 sufificient to receive such returns, and recommend the officers to the 
 Committee of Safety. 
 
 Resolved, That this committee be adjourned to Wednesday, 13th 
 of March next, then to meet at the house of Frederick Stone, in 
 Northumberland town. 
 
 Wednesday, March 13, 1776. 
 
 The committee met at the house of Frederick Stone, in North- 
 umberland town, agreeable to adjournment, Captain John Ham- 
 bright in the chair, when the following gen tlemen made returns of 
 their officers, captains, subalterns, &c., properly certified, viz : 
 
 William Plunket, Esquire, Colonel, 
 
 James Murray, Esquire, Lieutenant Colonel, 
 
 Mr. John Brady, First Major, 
 
 Mr. Cookson Long, Second Major. 
 
 Captain, Henry Antis, Esquire, 
 First Lieutenant, Thomas Brandon, 
 Second Lieutenant, Alexander Hamilton, 
 First Ensign, John Morison, 
 Second Ensign, James Alexander. 
 
 Captain, Samuel Wallis, 
 First Lieutenant, John Scudder, 
 Second Lieutenant, Peter Jones, 
 Ensign, James Hampton. 
 
 Captain, John Robb, 
 First Lieutenant, William Watson, 
 Second Lieut9nant, Robert Wilson, 
 Ensign, James White. 
 
 Captain, William McElhatton, 
 First Lieutenant, Andrew Boggs, 
 Second Lieutenant, Thomas Wilson, 
 Ensign, John McCormick. 
 
 Captain, William Murray, 
 First Lieutenant, Richard Irwin, 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 105 
 
 Second Lieutenant, Thomas Plunkett, 
 First Ensign, Andrtw Robinson, 
 Second Ensign, Benjamin Jordon. 
 
 Captain, Simon Cool, 
 First Lieutenant, Tiiomas Camplen, 
 Second Lieutenant, James Brandon, 
 First Ensign, William King, 
 Second Ensign, James Hewes. 
 
 Captain, David Berry, 
 First Lieutenant, William Hammond, 
 Second Lieutenant, Joseph Bonser, 
 Ensign, Israel Pershel. 
 
 Resolved, That the returns made of the above mentioned field 
 officers and seven companies appear to be regular and well certified 
 as full companies, and that [the] officers be recommended to the 
 Committee of Safety ; which [was] done by letter, of which the fol- 
 lowing is a copy : 
 
 Northumberland, March 13, 1776. 
 
 Gentlemen : Agreeable to the promise of our last of 26th ultimo, 
 we now inform that at a meeting of the committee for this county, 
 held this day, the following gentlemen were returned as fairly elected 
 field officers, captains, and subalterns of a battalion raised in this 
 county, viz : 
 
 William Plunket, Esquire, Colonel, and the rest as above. 
 
 The above returns of officers for a battalion, consisting of seven 
 companies, appear to us to be regular and well certified to be com- 
 plete companies ; we, therefore, take the liberty of recommending 
 said gentlemen to the respectable Committee of Safety, appointed 
 for the Province of Pennsylvania to receive commissions in the 
 several stations annexed to their names. Being unwilling to trouble 
 the committee, who, we apprehend, are already overburthened with 
 business, we have transmitted an enumeration of grievances, under 
 which we think this county labors, to Samuel Hunter, Esquire, our 
 Representative, and one of your respectable body, who is well ac- 
 quainted with the circumstances of 1;his county, requesting he may. 
 
io6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 if necessary, lay the same before you, and should be glad of your 
 opinion how to act in the different cases therein mentioned. 
 We are, gentlemen, &c. 
 
 Signed by order of the committee, 
 
 John Hambright, Chairman. 
 To the Committee of Safety, Philadelphia. 
 
 [Copy of Letter referred to in the above.] 
 
 Northumberland, March 13/A, 1776. 
 Sir : We have this day wrote to the Committee of Safety, re- 
 commending officers of another battalion, to wit : Colonel Plun- 
 ket's. We had it in contemplation to write to the Committee of 
 Safety concerning the recruiting parties that have lately been 
 amongst us and taken away some good men, when both officers 
 and men could be sent from this, if any ought to be sent out of 
 the county. It is unnecessary for us to inform you of our situation, 
 as you are so well acquainted with it. There have been different 
 applications to us for recommendations as officers of companies to 
 be raised in this county, to go into immediate service. We are 
 somewhat at a loss what to do ; but would be desirous, if men are 
 to be taken for the continental service out of this county, officers 
 should go with them. We, not considering it proper to trouble the 
 Committee of Safety with our sentiments on this occasion, have 
 taken the liberty to write to you, with an intention to get your 
 advice upon the matter, as we cannot prevent recruiting parties 
 from coming amongst us, or stop men from going into the army 
 out of this county. If more battalions should be raised, or more 
 men wanted, would it not be proper, from our situation as a frontier 
 county, to have two or three companies raised, officered, and disci- 
 plined, and put into immediate pay; and if not wanted nearer 
 home, to be always in readiness to go upon any service on which 
 the continent may have occasion for them. We have sufficient 
 information that Hawkins Boone has enlisted several men in this 
 county, and has declared his having received his authority and 
 money from the Congress for that purpose, and that he is to be a 
 guard to the Congress. By this conduct he has drawn off some 
 men from the different companies of military associators. We have, 
 as a committee of the county, taken liberty to cite him to appear 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 107 
 
 before some of us, and show by what authority he has undertaken so 
 to do ; but he has not appeared. We think when men are enUsted 
 in this county, we have a right to know for what service they are 
 enUsted. It is from our zeal for the good cause now carrying on 
 that we are desirous to know the reason of such procedure. This, 
 if you think proper, you may communicate to the Committee of 
 Safety, and are requesting your advice how to act. 
 With due respect, your very humble servants. 
 
 Signed on behalf of the committee, 
 
 John Hambright, Chairman. 
 To Samuel Hunter, Esquire, Philadelphia. 
 
 Information being given to the committee that a certain Haw- 
 kins Boone is now enlisting men in this county, without giving any 
 satisfactory account for what purpose or service the said men are 
 enlisted, 
 
 Resolved, That the chairman of this committee call upon the 
 said Hawkins Boone, by letter or otherwise, to appear before him 
 and two or more of said committee, as he, the chairman, shall think 
 expedient, on such day and at such place as he shall appoint, to 
 show cause why he, the said Boone, enlists men as aforesaid. 
 
 Resolved, That this committee be adjourned to Monday, 25th 
 of March, instant, then to meet at the house of Thomond Ball, in 
 Sunbury. 
 
 Monday, March 2$th, 1776. 
 
 The committee met pursuant to adjournment at the house of 
 Thomond Ball, in Sunbury, Captain John Hambright in the chair. 
 
 Resolved, That it appears to this committee that several recruit- 
 ing officers belonging to the battaHons of different counties in this 
 Province, have lately come to this infant frontier county and drained 
 it of a number of useful men, to the prejudice of the same. 
 
 Resolved, That for the future no officer or non-commissioned 
 officer be allowed to recruit men in this county, except the officers 
 who are or may be appointed therein. 
 
 John Simpson, Esquire, presented a return, wherein appears the 
 following list of officers, the company belonging to Colonel Hun- 
 ter's battalion, viz : 
 
io8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Captain, John Simpson, Esquire. 
 
 First Lieutenant, Robert Curry. . 
 
 Second Lieutenant, John Ewart. 
 
 First Ensign, Thomas Gaskins. 
 
 Second Ensign, David Mead. 
 
 Resolved, That the same appears a full company, and that the 
 
 gentlemen therein mentioned as officers, be recommended to the 
 
 Committee of Safety to receive their several commissions ; which 
 
 was done accordingly, by a letter, of which the following is a copy : 
 
 SuNBURY, 2^th March, 1776. 
 Gentlemen : Our last to you was of 13th instant, recommending 
 William Plunket, Esquire, colonel, with other officers of a battalion 
 commanded by said colonel. At this meeting, John Simpson, 
 Esquire, presents a return in which it appears that he is captain, 
 Robert Curry, first, and John Ewart, second lieutenants, Thomas 
 Gaskins, first, and David Mead second ensign, which is well certi- 
 fied to be a full company, belonging to Col. Hunter's battalion ; 
 we, therefore, take the liberty of recommending said gentlemen to 
 receive commissions agreeable to the ranks to which the people 
 have appointed them. We are now, gentlemen, to inform you of 
 what we think a grievance to this young and thinly inhabited 
 county, viz : a constant succession of recruiting officers from dif- 
 ferent counties in this Province. Our zeal for the cause of Ameri- 
 can liberty has hitherto prevented our taking any steps to hinder 
 the raising of men for its service, but finding the evil increasing so 
 fast upon us as almost to threaten the depopulation of the county, 
 we cannot help appealing to the wisdom and justice of your com- 
 mittee to know whether the quota of men that may be demanded 
 from this county under their own officers is not as much as can 
 reasonably be expected from it. Whether, at a time when we are 
 uncertain of peace with the Indians, (well knowing that our ene- 
 mies are tampering with them,) and a claim is set up to the greatest 
 part of this Province by a neighboring Colony who have their hos- 
 tile abettors at our very breasts, as well as their emissaries amongst 
 us, is it prudent to drain an infant frontier county of its strength of 
 men ? and whether the safety of the interior parts of the Province 
 would not be better secured by adding strength to the frontiers ? 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, 109 
 
 Whether our Hon. Assembly, by disposing of commissions to 
 gentlemen in different counties to raise companies which are to 
 form the number of battalions thought necessary for the defense of 
 the Province, did not intend that the respective captains should 
 raise their companies where they [were] appointed ; and not dis- 
 tress our county by taking from it all the men necessary for the 
 business of agriculture, as well as the defense of the same? From 
 our knowledge of the state of this county, we make free to give our 
 opinion of what would be most for its advantage, as well as that of 
 the Province, (between which we hope there never will be a differ- 
 ence,) and first are to inform you [of] the poverty of the people, 
 many of whom came bare and naked here, being plundered by a 
 banditti who call themselves Yankees, and those who brought some 
 property with them, from the necessary delay of cultivating a wil- 
 derness before they could have any produce to live upon, together 
 with the necessity of still continuing the closest application to labor 
 and industry for their support, renders it morally improbable that a 
 well disciplined militia can be established here, as the distance 
 which some men are obliged to go to muster is the loss of two days 
 to them, which, not being paid for, they will not, nor indeed can 
 they, so often attend as is necessary to complete them even in the 
 manual exercise. We would recommend that two or more com- 
 panies be raised and put in pay for the use of the Province, to be 
 ready to march when and where the service may require them, and 
 when not wanted for the service of the public at any particular 
 place, to be stationed in this county in order to be near and defend 
 our frontier, should they be attacked by our enemies of any denomi- 
 nation, the good effect of which, we imagine, would be consider- 
 able, as though they may be too few to repel, they may stop the 
 progress of an enemy until the militia could be raised to assist them. 
 Should this proposal appear eligible, please to inform us thereof, 
 and we will recommend such gentlemen for officers as we think will 
 be most suitable for the service and agreeable to the people. 
 
 We are, gentlemen, with due respect, your very humble servants, 
 Signed for and in behalf of the committee, 
 
 John Hambright, Chairman. 
 
 To the Committee of Safety, Philadelphia. 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 1776. 
 
 August y^ 13, 1776. 
 The following gentlemen being unanimously chosen by their 
 respective townships to serve in the committee for the county of 
 Northumberland, for the space of six months, met at school-house 
 in the town of Northumberland, viz : 
 
 J^or Augusta township. 
 Mr. William McClay, 
 Mr. David McKinney, 
 Mr. John McClay. 
 
 Turbit township. 
 George McCandish, 
 Wm. Shaw, 
 Paul Geddis. 
 
 Mahoning township. 
 Laughlan McCartney, 
 Thomas Robinson, 
 John Boyd. 
 
 Muncy township. 
 
 Mordecai McKinney, 
 James Giles, 
 Andrew Culbertson. 
 
 Buff aloe township. 
 Martin Treaster, 
 William Speedy, 
 Philip Coal. 
 
 Penn^s township. 
 Simeon Woodrow, 
 Adam Bolinger, 
 Paul Gemberling. 
 
 Bald Eagle township. 
 Robert Fleming, 
 Thomas Campling, 
 John Section. 
 
 Wyoming township. 
 Samuel McClure, 
 Peter Meelick, 
 John Clingman. 
 
 Moughonoy township. Potter township. 
 
 Bastian Brossius, 
 George Reitz, 
 Peter Almang. 
 
 White Deer township. 
 
 James McClanachan, 
 
 Robert Fruit, 
 
 Wm. Gray. 
 The committee proceeded to elect a chairman and clerk, when 
 Mr. Robert Fruit was unanimously appointed chairman during the 
 time of six months, and John Boyd, clerk. 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. iii 
 
 ist. Resolved, That no complaint be received by this committee 
 that arises in any township and does not respect the county at large, 
 except upon an appeal from the township committee, and that such 
 appeal be delivered in writing, as well as all complaints that are re- 
 ceived, and that all complaints be signed by the persons aggrieved 
 or complaining. 
 
 2d. Resolved, That Andrew Culbertson, Mordecai McKinney, 
 and James Giles, call upon Colonel Wm. Plunket for the dividend of 
 ammunition belonging to the six companies of his battalion that lie 
 above Muncy, and in case it is inconvenient for him to make the 
 dividend, Laughlan McCartney, at whose house the ammunition is 
 lodged, is hereby desired to do it and deliver the quotas allotted 
 for the aforesaid six companies to the aforesaid Andrew Culbertson, 
 Mordecai McKinney, and James Giles, who are to deliver the same 
 to the respective captains, and by them kept in some convenient 
 dry place, ready to be delivered out when occasion requires. 
 
 3d. Resolved, That the committee, or any two of them, belonging 
 to the other three battalions of this county, call upon Laughlan 
 McCartney for their equal dividend of what ammunition is in hand, 
 and deliver to the respective captains in each battalion an equal 
 dividend of said ammunition according to their number of men, and 
 by them kept secure in some convenient dry place, ready to be de- 
 livered out when occasion requires. 
 
 4th. Resolved, That each colonel recommend to their respective 
 captains to use all possible exertions to have any arms that are out 
 of repair put in as good order as soon as possible. 
 
 As this committee is informed of a quantity powder and lead at 
 Mr. John Harris's ferry, which belongs to the associators of this 
 county, we do recommend Major John Lee and Captain Charles 
 Gillespy as two suitable persons for to bring up the same, and we do 
 appoint Laughlan McCartney and John Boyd for to agree with them 
 for the bringing up of the said ammunition. 
 
 5th. Resolved, That this committee be adjourned to Tuesday, 
 the loth of September next, to meet in the town of Northumber- 
 land. 
 
ANAALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Tuesday y" lo of September, 1776. 
 
 The committee met according to adjournment, in the town of 
 Northumberland, Mr. Robert Fruit in the chair. 
 
 Complaint being made to this committee against Mr. Aaron Levy 
 and John Bullion, setting forth that the aforesaid Levy and Bullion 
 have a quantity of salt on hand, which they refuse to sell for cash, 
 by a former resolve of the committee. 
 
 Resolved, That the aforesaid salt that is in the hands of the afore- 
 said Levy and Bullion, (as they have refused the same for sale,) 
 be put into the hands of Mr. William Sayers, and by him sold at 
 the rate of fifteen shillings per bushel, and not to sell unto any family 
 above half a bushel for the time that the said salt is selling, and that 
 the said Sayers shall keep a particular account of every bushel that 
 he sells, and when sold, he shall return the money arising from said 
 salt to this committee, first deducting one shilling out of the pound 
 for his trouble of selling said salt, and six shillings and four pence 
 for porterage. 
 
 A complaint being made to this committee against two certain 
 men, namely, William Chattim and James Parker, of not behaving 
 themselves as friends to pur country in general, and had armed 
 themselves with two pistols ; therefore, it was 
 
 Resolved, That the aforesaid Chattim and Parker should be sent 
 for and examined. 
 
 Being brought before the committee and examined, they con- 
 fessed themselves to be two of his His Britannic Majesty's soldiers, 
 and both prisoners. Therefore, this committee thought it most 
 proper to convey the two aforesaid men into the care of Lancaster 
 committee, where we understand there is a number of their fellow 
 prisoners, and that the aforesaid arms should be sold at public sale, 
 and the money arising from the sale of said arms, should, as far as 
 it would admit of, be put to discharge of such expenses as would 
 arise for the trouble of said prisoners. 
 
 And as there was a bill of expenses produced to this committee 
 by John Chattim, against the two aforesaid prisoners, and he refus- 
 ing to approve the same, it was Resolved, that the aforesaid bill shall 
 not be accepted of by this committee unless the aforesaid John 
 Chattim do prove the same. 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 113 
 
 September 12th, 1776. 
 
 On examination of the two different quantities of ammunition 
 heretofore forwarded to the care of the committee of this county, 
 and on a careful examination of the number of associators in this 
 county, it appears that the quota of each associator is half a pound 
 of powder and one pound of lead. 
 
 And Whereas, the greater part of Col. Plunket's battalion are 
 situated on the frontier, and the most exposed parts of this county ; 
 therefore, Resolved, that the further quantity of eighty-nine pounds 
 of powder and one hundred and seventy-eight pounds of lead be 
 delivered into the hands of Mr. Fleming, Mr. Jackson, Mr. Kemp- 
 ling, Mr. Culbertson, and Mr. Giles, and that the same be by them 
 delivered among the different captains of the said battalion, with 
 the strictest charge that the same be preserved for the purposes of the 
 defense of this county. The same division to be made with a proper 
 regard to the different number in each company. 
 
 And it is further Resolved, that the further quantity of eighty-six 
 pounds and three quarters of powder and the quantity of one hun- 
 dred and seventy-three pounds and one half of lead, be delivered 
 to Mr. Fruit, Mr. Gray, Mr. McClenachan, Mr. Shaw, Mr. Mc- 
 Candles and Mr. Geddis, to be by them distributed among the cap- 
 tains of Col. Potter's battalion, in such sort, that each private have 
 one quarter of powder, and half a pound of lead, Captain McMil- 
 lan's company excepted, who are to have each half a pound of pow- 
 der and one pound of lead. 
 
 And it is further Resolved, that the further quantity of fifty pounds 
 of powder and one hundred pounds of lead be delivered to Mr. Coal, 
 Mr. Treaster, Mr. Bolander, Mr. Brousers and Mr. Ritz, by them 
 to be divided among the captains of Col. Wiser's battalion in the 
 same proportions as the former fifty weight of powder was directed 
 to be divided. 
 
 It is likewise further Resolved^ that the additional quantity of fifty 
 pounds of powder and one hundred weight of lead be delivered to 
 John Maclay, Laughlin McCartney, and James McClure, to be by 
 them divided among the captains of Col. Hunter's battalion, in 
 due proportion to the number of privates in their respective com- 
 panies. 
 
 Whereas, This committee being informed by one of our members 
 8 
 
JI4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776.. 
 
 of convention, that there is a dividend of salt in Philadelphia, which 
 is allotted for this county, by a late resolve of convention, wherefore, 
 this committee thought proper to appoint two suitable persons to go 
 to Philadelphia and take charge of said salt, and [to] be by them 
 conveyed to this county and delivered to the care of this committee. 
 Therefore, William Maclay and Mordecai McKinney were unani- 
 imously appointed by this committee for the purpose above men- 
 tioned. 
 
 Resolved, That the salt belonging to this county is to be sold at 
 fifteen shillings per bushel. 
 
 A complaint being laid unto this committee by Samuel Dail 
 against Col. William Plunket, the same being read, was postponed 
 until our next meeting. 
 
 A record of Mr. Robert Fruit's letter to this committee, respecting 
 salt, &c. : 
 
 Philadelphia, November 23, 1776. 
 
 Gentlemen : I have received from the Council of Safety, in this 
 city, seventy-seven bushels of salt for the use of the inhabitants of 
 the county of Northumberland, which I have delivered to Marcus 
 Hulings to forward up. 
 
 It is delivered to me on the express condition of being divided 
 amongst those of the inhabitants who did not get any part of the 
 former quantity ; therefore, you will please to take notice to inform 
 the county of this exception, when you advertise for the distribution 
 of it. Mr. Hulings has advanced all the money for the salt, together 
 with all costs, &c. 
 
 I am, gentlemen, your very humble servant, 
 
 Robert Fruit. 
 
 To the Committee of Northumberland County. 
 
 The Committee of the County of Northumberland, 
 
 To Marcus Hulings, Dr. 
 
 For cash paid the Council of Safety, in Philadelphia, 
 
 for seventy seven-bushels of salt, at 15^ per bushel, ;!^ 57 15 
 For cash paid for casks, to pack said salt . . 3 
 
 Porterage and cooperage, ..... 18 
 
1776. j ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. , 115 
 
 Cash paid Hugh Cook for carriage of seventy-seven 
 
 bushels of salt, from Philadelphia to Middletown, ;!^i3 9 6 
 
 Storage at Middletown, ..... 86 
 
 Carriage from Middletown to Northumberland, . 1 1 1 1 
 
 i: 87 2 o 
 
 December 14, 1776. 
 The committee met, by express from Captain John Brady, upon 
 sundry charges, produced by said Brady, against a certain Robert 
 Robb. Sundry evidences were referred to, to prove the several 
 charges against said Robb, which are as follows : 
 
 The evidence of Thomas Newman against Robert Robb. 
 
 This deponent, being duly sworn, deposeth and saith that said 
 Robb had a paper, at a certain house, where they were erecting a 
 chimney, which paper was supposed to be from Lord Howe, con- 
 cerning conditions of peace, of which said Robb said this is the very 
 thing I would be at ; says further, Mr. Frankling was a rogue, he 
 well knew, and that he has led the Government into two or three 
 scrapes already known to him. Also, it was thought Frankling had 
 a pension from home; likewise that it was thought the convention was 
 bribed. Also, said Robb says that Lord Howe used the members of 
 Congress politely that were sent to treat with him, but that they used 
 him ill. 
 
 And that, as this deponent was one of the township committee, 
 he, the said Robb, thought it was proper he should call a few of the 
 township together, to consult concerning these things. And further 
 saith not. 
 
 his 
 
 Thomas x Newman. 
 
 mark. 
 
 Joseph Newman'' s evidence against said Robb. 
 
 That Robert Robb read, at the aforesaid place, a paper, [which] 
 (as the deponent supposeth,) was a declaration of peace from Lord 
 Howe, and asked this deponent's father if he would call a few of 
 the neighbors to consult concerning it, and that his father refused 
 to do it. And concerning the members of Congress, Mr. Robb 
 
ii6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 said Lord Howe used them politely, and they used him ill. And 
 as for Mr. Frankling, there were very hard thoughts of him, and 
 that it was thought he had a pension from home ; also that it was 
 thought there was bribery in the convention. 
 And further saith not. 
 
 Joseph Newman. 
 
 The substance of John Morris' evidence against Robert Robb. 
 
 This deponent saith he heard Robert Robb read a paper concern- 
 ing terms of peace from Lord Howe. Said Robb was asked why 
 this paper was not made public sooner. Robb said, because it was 
 kept back by the Congress and committees below. Said Robb said, 
 also, it is well known what Writtenhouse and Frankling was. Mr, 
 Newman asked said Robb what was the reason there was such men 
 in Congress. Robb said it was thought there was bribery in the 
 convention ; also said, it was a minority that held this new form of 
 government, and that the majority would not be ruled by the 
 minority. 
 
 And further saith not. 
 
 John Morris. 
 
 The substance of James Giles' evidence. 
 
 This deponent saith, that he saw Mr. Robb pull out a paper at 
 the aforesaid building, read it, which he said was printed in New 
 York near three months ago. Mr. Newman asked said Robb how 
 it came to be kept back. This deponent saith, he understood Mr. 
 Robb said it was our rulers kept it back, and that the substance of 
 the above paper was terms of peace from Lord Howe. 
 
 And further saith not. 
 
 James Giles. 
 
 The evidence of George Silverthorn for Robert Robb, viz : 
 
 This deponent, being at Mr. Robb's house, and from there went 
 together to a chimney raising in the neighborhood. After a while 
 said Robb pulled out a handbill which gave an account of General 
 Washington's army being in need of a reinforcement, and Mr. Robb 
 said in public, that it was necessary for every one to turn out that 
 would go. However, after a while, Mr. Robb pulled out another 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. iry 
 
 paper, which he said was a declaration of peace, from Lord Howe, 
 and read it in public. After reading the said paper, Mr. Robb said 
 he came on purpose to see Mr. Newman, and whether or not he 
 thought proper to call some of the neighbors together, in order to 
 see whether or not the said declaration was of any effect or not, as 
 he was one of the town committee, or how they would take it, as he 
 would not depend upon his own judgment on such an occasion, as 
 being but one person. And this deponent saith, that after the 
 papers came out which gave an account of what passed between 
 General Howe and them at Staten Island, this deponent was telling 
 said Robb that he had heard them read at Mr. McKinney's, and 
 that Mr. Robb said that he thought it would not be proper to lay 
 down their arms till peace would be concluded on better terms than 
 these for the benefit of the country. 
 And further saith not. 
 
 George Silverthorn. 
 
 Lieutenant John Scudder, being duly sworn, saith that Robert 
 Robb said that the King's troops are able to learn us to beat them- 
 selves, as Peter the Great said of Charles, King of Sweden, and 
 that the said Robb never did anything against the cause of 
 America, but always encouraged the sajne, to the best of his know- 
 ledge ; and further saith, that Mr. Newman charged Robert Robb 
 with discouraging people going into the service, and that George 
 Silverthorn and his family were the people. 
 
 And further saith not. 
 
 John Scudder, 
 
 December i 'jth., 1776, 
 
 Northumberland County. — The committee of this county, 
 taking the proofs and allegations for and against Robert Robb 
 under their serious consideration, do judge that the said Robb hath 
 behaved in such manner as gives just grounds for this committee to 
 suspect him of being not only unfriendly, but inimical, to our com- 
 mon cause ; therefore, 
 
 Resolved, TlHat said Robert Robb shall either take his gun and 
 march immediately with the militia of this county into actual ser- 
 vice, for the defense of the United States, in order to wipe off the 
 present evil suspicions, or otherwise to be committed to the care of 
 
ii8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Lieut. Col. James Murray, of the second battalion, to be by him 
 sent to some proper place of confinement, until released by further 
 authority. Signed by order of the committee. 
 
 Paul Geddis, Chairman. 
 
 December id>th, 1776. 
 The above Robert Robb desires to appeal to the Council of Safety 
 of this State : 
 
 Resolved, That said Robb may appeal to said council, under the 
 care of the said Col. Murray. 
 
 Paul Geddis, Chairman. 
 
 Muster Roll of Captain Casper WeitzeVs Company, in the first Bat- 
 talion of Pennsylvania Regiment of Rifiemefi commanded by Col- 
 onel Samuel Miles. Camp near Kings bridge, September i, I'l'id. 
 
 Captain — Casper Weitzel, Esquire, of Sunbury appointed March 
 9, 1776. 
 
 First Lieutenant — WilHam Gray, appointed March 15; captured 
 August 27 ; exchanged December 8, 1776, for Lieutenant Thompson. 
 
 Second Lieutenant — John Robb, appointed March 16, 1776, 
 promoted captain i8th April, 1777. 
 
 Third Lieutenant — George Grant, appointed March 19, 1776, 
 captain in the 9th P. C. L. Died loth October, 1779. 
 
 Sergeant Major — John Gordon. 
 
 Sergeants — Jacob Snider, Thomas Price, William Orr, Thomas 
 Shanks. 
 
 Drummer — John Everard. September i, sick at New York. 
 
 Privates — ^\llison, William ; Arthur, John ; Aumiller, John \ 
 Barr, William ; ^Brady, Peter ; Brinson, Stout ; Burke, John ; Car- 
 son, Samuel; Carson, William, junior; Carson, William, senior ; 
 ^Carter, Andrew ; Carter, Charles ; ^Caruthers, Robert ; Chisnell, 
 James; Clark, William; Clayton, James ; Connell, Jeffry; Cribs, 
 John; Curry, David; Davis, Peter; Doran, Edward; Durell, David; 
 Durell, Stephen ; Elder, James ; Ewig, Christian ; ^Gass, Henry ; 
 Gerhart, Henry ; Glover, James ; Hardy, John ; Harper, William ; 
 Hissom, Thomas; ^Huggins, Dennis; Hunt, Elijah; Irvine, James; 
 ^Kerstetter, Martin ; Little, Thomas ; McCleane, Charles ; ^McCor- 
 
 ^ Missing after the battle of Long Island, August 27. 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. iig 
 
 mick, William ; McDonald, John ; Mclnnis, Patrick ; McManus, 
 Patrick; McMath, William; ^McVey, Patrick; Madden, Joseph; 
 Miller, Henry ; ^Morehead, Robert : Newman, Richard ; Noland, 
 Michael; Ralston, Andrew; Randolph, James; ^Rice, John; Sands, 
 John ; Shaffer, John ; ^Spiess, Jacob ; Staples, Samuel ; Turner, 
 David; ^Watt, James; Wilson, Robert; Winters, Christian; Wolcot, 
 Silas. 
 
 Lieutenant William Gray, afterwards Captain Gray, died at Sun- 
 bury, July 1 8, 1804, aged fifty-four. 
 
 Sergeant Price ended his days in a small log house on Water 
 street, in Selinsgrove. It seems he was carried to Halifax, in Nova 
 Scotia. Made his escape traveling through the vast forests interven- 
 ing between that country and the nearest American settlements. 
 See History of West Branch, page 109. In a letter to Honorable 
 Samuel Maclay, member of Congress at Philadelphia, dated Penn's 
 township, December 4, 1798, written in a very good hand, he com- 
 plains that he had been three times elected colonel, beating Charles 
 Drum twice and Frederick Evans once, and yet had not been com- 
 missioned, because, as he says, it was alleged that he was too poor 
 for such a post. He says, ''I settled in these parts before the war, 
 and have resided here ever since, except while I was out in the 
 army. I enlisted in Captain Weitzel's company, and was wounded 
 and taken prisoner at the battle of Long Island. I underwent many 
 hardships, but at last found means to escape, returned to the army, 
 and served my time out ; was honorably discharged, and never re- 
 ceived my pay. Soon after my return home I was elected adjutant, 
 and continued in that post many years. Afterwards was elected 
 major." 
 
 Associators. 
 
 On the 31st of August the field officers for the battalion in Buffalo 
 and Penn's townships were chosen, and the 8th of October commis- 
 sions were issued to them as fourth battalion of Northumberland 
 county associators and to the company officers : 
 Colonel — Cole, Philip. 
 J Lieutenant Colonel — Sutherland, Thomas. 
 
 First Major — Foster, Thomas. 
 
I20 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Second Major — Yost, Casper. 
 Standard Bearer — Miller, Dewalt. 
 Adjutant — McCoy, James. 
 
 Company No. i. 
 
 Captain — Clarke, John. 
 First Lieutenant — Pontius, Henry. 
 Second Lieutenant — Moore, James. 
 Ensign — Watson, Patrick. 
 
 Four sergeants, four corporals, one drummer, one fifer, and 
 forty-six privates, certified by me, this 26th day of September, 1776. 
 John Clarke, captain. 
 
 Second Company. 
 Captain — Weaver, Michael. 
 
 Third Company. 
 Captain — Links, Jacob. 
 
 Fourth Co7npany. 
 
 Captain — Weirick, William. 
 First Lieutenant — Sherred, Jacob. 
 Second Lieutenant — Gill, William. 
 Ensign — Moon, Nicholas. 
 
 Four sergeants, four corporals, one drummer, one fifer, forty 
 privates. The whole of the above as associators testified by me, this 
 26th day of September, 1776. William Weirick, Captain. 
 
 Fifth Company. 
 
 Captain — Wolff, George. 
 First Lieutenant — Conrad, George. 
 Second Lieutenant — Wildgoose, Michael. 
 Ensign — Hessler, John. 
 
 Four sergeants, four corporals, one drummer, one fifer, forty- 
 one privates. 
 
1776.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 121 
 
 Sixth Company. 
 
 Captain — Overmeier, George. 
 First Lieutenant — McCelvey, James. 
 Second Lieutenant — Weirick, Peter. 
 Ensign — Snyder, Michael. 
 
 Four sergeants, four corporals, one drummer, one fifer, forty 
 privates. The whole of the above as associators testified by me, this 
 26th day of September, 1776. Captain George Overmeier. 
 
 This battalion, or rather drafts from it, went into service in Decem- 
 ber, when Colonel Cole was with part of it at Reading. Colonel 
 Brodhead writes that he made use of a company from Buffalo Valley 
 to apprehend some of the disaffected and to compel some of the 
 militia of Berks to march. 
 
 It is probable that when the danger to Philadelphia became im- 
 minent, officers and men volunteered to fill up Captain Clarke's 
 company, as we find their names on the following roll. I am in- 
 debted to John C. Watson, of West Buffalo township, a grandson 
 of Captain Clarke, for an old account book which contained the 
 names. The company left the Valley on the 5th of December, and 
 served three months and eighteen days. 
 
 It appears from some memorandums in this book, that the com- 
 pany did not leave Reading until the 3d of January, 1777, and 
 consequently did not participate at Trenton and Princeton, b,ut was 
 in the subsequent skirmishes. It was attached to Colonel Potter's 
 second battalion, Lieutenant Colonel James Murray, Majors John 
 Kelly and Thomas Robinson. Joseph Green assigned as surgeon's 
 mate to Doctor Benjamin Allison. Four companies, Clarke's, Lee's, 
 Taggart's, Cookson Long's, had casualties during the campaign : 
 
 Roll of Captain John Clarke' s Co?npany. 
 Allen, Robert ; Augustine, Hieronimus ; Barnett, Joseph ; Beatty, 
 John ; Bower, George ; Cery, Thomas ; Clark, George ; Cogh, 
 Daniel; Colpetzer, Adam; Commer, Daniel; Conner, Jacob; Con- 
 rad, George ; Conrad, Henry ; Cousins, William ; Esterly, Jacob ; 
 Etzweiler, George ; Ewig, Philip; Fought, Michael; Foster, Thomas; 
 Fry, John; Gill, WiUiam; Gilman, Henry; Green, Joseph; Green- 
 lee, William ; Groninger, Joseph ; Grove, Wendell ; Hain, John ; 
 
122 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 Harpster, Jacob; Heny, Stophel; Hessler, William; Hessler, John; 
 Hessler, Michael ; Kellahan, Patrick ; Keeny, Jacob ; Kishler, 
 Francis ; Kneedler, Frederick ; Kneedler, Conrad ; Lamb, Michael ; 
 Links, Jacob; Long, Jacob; Long, WiUiam ; Lowdon, Richard; 
 McCashon, John; McCelvey, James; McClung, Matthew; Mc- 
 Donneld, Randal ; Mackhn, Valentine ; Miller, Benjamin ; Moor, 
 William; Morrow, Andrew; Nees, Henry; Nees, Peter; Overmeier, 
 George; Pontius, Nicholas; Pontius, George; Rinehart, Frederick; 
 Rinehart, George ; Rith or Ritle, Yost ; Rote, Michael ; Row, Lud- 
 wig ; Sierer, George ; Schneider, Michael ; Schock, John ; Schock, 
 Michael; Schock, George; Scott, Robert; Smith, Michael; Speddy, 
 William; Speese, Jacob ;Steverlspn, James; Storm, David; Thomp- 
 son, Robert; Ulrich, George; Weaver, John; Weaver, David; 
 Wenderbach, Henry; Wilson, Robert; Wolfe, George. 
 
 Captain Clarke lived on the first farm above Mifflinburg, south 
 of the turnpike; died February 22, 1809, aged seventy-three; 
 buried in the Lewis graveyard. Lieutenant Thomas Foster, grand- 
 father of Mrs. Mark Halfpenny, died June 4, 1804; buried in 
 Lewis graveyard. Augustine was a weaver ; lived near Selinsg rove 
 as late as 1800. George Bower lived in Union township. Joseph 
 Barnett became the patriarch of Jefferson county, Pennsylvania. 
 See a full notice of him in Day's Historical Collections. Honorable 
 I. G. Gordon, of Brookville, writes me, 1871, that some of his 
 grandchildren live near that place. John Beatty lived near New 
 Berlin. George Clark was a prominent surveyor in the Valley 
 until 1800, and then removed West. He lived in a house near 
 JuSge Hummel's, now torn down. He was an exceedingly tall man, 
 and took delight in making his axe marks as surveyor beyond the 
 reach of other men. He once made a narrow escape from the 
 Indians by leaping Little Buffalo creek, from the high bank, near 
 late Jacob Moyer's. It was attributed to Brady, but Brady's leap 
 was in the western part of the State, in Armstrong county. Jacob 
 Conner lived in Buffalo. Adam Colpetzer, in West Buffalo ; married 
 a daughter of George Rote, of Mifflinburg. George Etzweiler was 
 killed by the Indians in 1780, at Heberling's mill, then French 
 Jacob Grochong's. Michael Fought, in Union, on Seebold's farm, 
 near Chappel Hollow, east of it. William Gill, in Penn's. Wendell 
 Grove, in Derrstown. Henry Gilman, in White Deer. Joseph 
 
1776.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 123 
 
 Groninger, in Kelly, on Clingan's place. Joseph Green near 
 Philip Pontius' ; he was grandfather of Joseph Green, of Lewis- 
 burg. Jacob Harpster, in Beaver township. John Hain, in Penn's. 
 The Hesslers, near Crotzerville. The church there bears their name. 
 Christopher Heny, on General James Irvine's, now, or lately, 
 Kleckner's, west of Mifflinburg. Patrick Kellahan, north-west of 
 Mifflinburg. Jacob Keeny, on John Aurand's place, Turtle creek. 
 Richard Lowdra was a brother of Captain John, and lived with 
 Tim. Andrew Morrow was a tenant on Samuel Maclay's place. 
 Benjamin Miller, afterwards owned James Biehl's place. Matthew 
 McClung, late George Gundy's heirs, near Turtle creek. Randal 
 McDonneld, on S. Maclay's, just north of the Great Western, now 
 Mrs. Shoemaker's. Peter Nees died of wounds received February 
 j^ j^^^_ George Overmeier lived near Seebold's, in Limestone. 
 Nicholas Pontius was the father of the late J. F. Pontius. George 
 was his brother, sons of John, who owned the Captain Bucher tract, 
 where his descendants still reside, or a few of them, as the name is 
 legion now. David Storm, where B. Lahr lives, on Esquire Came- 
 ron's farm. Robert Scott, on Barber's place. White Springs. Jacob 
 Speese lived, within our memory, in White Deer. William Speddy, 
 see 1772. The Schock's, about Mifflinburg. Michael Smith, in 
 East Buffalo, above Henry Mertz's. George Wolfe was the grand- 
 father of Jonathan, of Lewisburg. 
 
 Colonel William Cooke's regiment was directed to be raised in the 
 counties of Northampton and Northumberland. Among the last 
 acts of the convention, on the 28th of September, was the election of 
 field officers of this regiment. Four companies, Miller's, Boone's, 
 Brady's, and Harris', were from Northumberland county. These 
 companies were nearly full on the nth of December, and left Sun- 
 bury about a week thereafter, as Marcus Huling claimed for loss of 
 a boat in taking them down the river at that time. 
 
 The regiment went immediately into active service. Being com- 
 posed mainly of good riflemen, large drafts were made upon it for 
 picket and skirmish duty. A portion, under Boone, was sent into 
 the. northern army, and assisted in the capture of Burgoyne. At 
 Brandywine the regiment lost heavily in officers and men, and at 
 Germantown ; so that, after wintering at Valley Forge, the field offi- 
 cers were mustered out, the supernumerary line officers discharged, 
 
124 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1776. 
 
 and what remained of officers and companies distributed into the 
 third and sixth regiments. 
 
 Roster of Colonel William Cooke's Twelfth Pennsylvania Regiment 
 of the Continental Line. 
 
 Colonel — Cooke, William, of Northumberland, commissioned Oc- 
 tober 2, 1776. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel — Gray, Neigal, of Northampton county. He 
 moved to Buffalo Valley after the war. 
 
 Major — Crawford, James, commissioned October 8, 1776. After- 
 wards justice of the peace in Lycoming county, where he died. 
 
 Adjutant — Hanson, Thomas. 
 
 Paymasters — Levers, Robert; Dungan, Thomas; appointed April 
 29, 1777. 
 
 Quartermaster — Vaughan, George. 
 
 Surgeon — Ledlie, Doctor Andrew, of Easton. 
 
 Surgeon's Mate — Woodruff, Aaron. 
 
 Captains — Withington, Peter, commissioned October i, 1776; 
 took sick, in Philadelphia, in December, 17763 sent home, to 
 Reading, where he died May 11, 1777; his widow, Eve, survived 
 him over fifty years, and died in Mifflinburg ; Miller, Nicholas, 
 appointed October 4, 1776, from Northumberland county ; died, in 
 1 79-, in Northampton county ; Boone, Hawkins, appointed October 
 4, 1776; killed, at Fort Freeland, July 28, 1779; Brady, John, 
 appointed October 14, 1776; killed, by the Indians, April 11, 
 1779; Harris, John, appointed October 14, 1776; McKinley, 
 Reverend Henry, of Carhsle, appointed October 16, 1776; Pat- 
 terson, Alexander, of Northampton county; Work, William, ap- 
 pointed October 16, 1776. 
 
 Lieutenants — Brandon, Thomas, appointed October 4, 1776; 
 Lincoln, Hananiah, appointed October 4, 1776 ; he was a sergeant 
 in Captain George Nagel's company, Colonel William Thompson's 
 regiment, 1 775-1 776; resigned, after battle of Brandywine, and 
 went to Daniel Boone's settlement, in Kentucky ; he followed Boone 
 to Missouri, where he died ; Gettig, Christopher, appointed October 
 14, 1776, from Sunbury; wounded at Piscataway, New Jersey, May 
 II, 1777 ; taken prisoner, and had his leg amputated; justice of the 
 peace many years afterward at Sunbury ; his descendants reside near 
 
1776,] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 125 
 
 Bellefonte; Reily, John, appointed October 16, 1776; promoted 
 Captain, May 20, 1777 ; mustered out of service November 3, 1783 ; 
 Chambers, Stephen, Esquire, appointed October 16, 1776; promoted 
 captain; one of tlie council of censors, in 1783; Delegate to the 
 Federal Convention, December 12, 1787; wounded in a duel with 
 Doctor Jacob Rieger, on Monday, nth May, 1789; died on Satur- 
 day, i6th, at his house, in La,ncaster ; McElhatton, William, 
 appointed October 16, 1776 ; wounded, atBonhamtown, New Jersey, 
 in right shoulder ; disabled, and transferred to the invalid corps July 
 I, 1779; died April 26, 1807; Henderson, John, appointed Oc- 
 tober 16, 1776; Sayre, William, appointed October 16, 1776. 
 
 Second Lieutenants — King, Robert, October 4, 1776; promoted 
 lieutenant, third Pennsylvania, May 20, 1777; left out of service 
 June 23, 1779; Williamson, James, October 4, 1776; McCabe, 
 Edward, October 16, 1776; Hays, John, October 16, 1776; 
 Quinn, Samuel, October 16, 1776 ; Boyd, John, of Northumberland, 
 promoted lieutenant in third Pennsylvania, June 18, 1779; died 
 February 13, 1832; Bard, William, October i, 1776; Carothers, 
 John, October 16, 1776; killed, at Germantown, October 4, 1777; 
 Falconer, Robert. 
 
 Ensigns — Lodge, Benjamin, junior, October 16, 1776; promoted 
 lieutenant sixth Pennsylvania, October 11, 1777: Hamilton, 
 Thomas, October 16, 1776; Blackall, William Ball, October 16, 
 1776; promoted lieutenant third Pennsylvania, nth September, 
 1778; mustered out November 3, 1783; Boyd, William, appointed 
 October 16, 1776; killed at Brandywine, September 11, 1777; 
 Stone, John, October 16, 1776; resigned January 8, 1777; died 
 March, 1792; Herbert, Stewart, October 16, 1776; promoted 
 lieutenant sixth Pennsylvania, January 9, 1778; Engle, Andrew, 
 October 16, 1776; promoted lieutenant of third Pennsylvania, 
 December 20, 1778; retired January 1, 1781; Strieker, Henry, 
 October 16, 17763 Seeley, John, February 3, 1777; Armstrong, 
 John, formerly sergeant; served until the end of the war, and 
 promoted lieutenant in Captain James Moore's corps. 
 
 Philadelphia, December, 1776. 
 I am commanded by the House to request your attendance in this 
 city, in order to take your seat in Council, that we may immediately 
 
126 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 carry all the powers of government into execution. As this must 
 appear absolutely necessary to every good man, we can have no 
 doubt, from your general character, but you are so well disposed to 
 the public, and so desirous of order and good government, that you 
 will not neglect to take your seat in that important body. Com- 
 pliance will much oblige the State in general, and in particular thy 
 
 real, though unknown, friend. 
 
 John Jacobs, Speaker. 
 
 John Lowdon, Esquire, Northumberland county. 
 
 2 4th December, Colonel Hunter writes that a company out of his 
 battalion had volunteered ; chosen Major John Lee, captain ; Hugh 
 White, first lieutenant ; Thomas Gaskins, second lieutenant, and 
 marched that day ; and he had impressed guns and blankets for them, 
 and had them appraised. 
 
 1>1>1>1 
 
 % 
 
 Officials — Minutes of the Committee of Safety, Continued — Major 
 Kelly at Princeton — Roll of Captain B. Weiser's Company — 
 Matthew Brown — Paoli — General Potter's Letters. 
 
 HOMAS WHARTON, President of the State. John 
 Lowdon member of Council until October, when he 
 was succeeded by Captain John Hambright, of Turbut 
 township. Members of Assembly elected in October : 
 Samuel Dale, Robert Fruit, James Murray, William Irwin, Simon 
 Himrod, and Robert Fleming. 
 
 On the 9th of June the following justices were appointed under 
 the new constitution : Samuel Hunter, Thomas Hewitt, Robert 
 Crawford, John Weitzel, Robert Martin, Michael Troy, Samuel 
 Allen, John Aurand, William Shaw, and John Livingston. William 
 Maclay, Prothonotary until September 1 1 , when he was succeeded by 
 David Harris ; Jonathan Lodge, Sheriff, elected in October ; John 
 
1777. J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. i2j 
 
 Simpson, the first Register and Recorder of the county, appointed 
 March 14. 
 
 March 21, Samuel Hunter appointed lieutenant, and Walter Clark, 
 William Murray, George Wolfe, and William Wilson, sub-lieuten- 
 ants of Northumberland county. 
 
 Constable of Buffalo : Martin Trester ; White Deer, Henry Derr. 
 
 Elias Younkman's name appears on the grand jury. He resided 
 in Turbut before moving into Buffalo, in 1783. 
 
 Minutes of the Committee of Safety— Continued. 
 
 January ist, 1777. 
 The complaint of Petei' Smith against Robert Robb. 
 To THE Honorable Committee of Northumberland County : 
 
 That on the 20th of last month, at the house of Captain John 
 Brady, said Robb did violently beat and very much abuse said Smith, 
 and further produceth James Brady and Jean Kennan as evidence 
 of said charge, and also Patrick Murdock as evidence afterwards to 
 the wounds alleged to be received by said Smith from said Robb. 
 
 his 
 
 Peter X Smith. 
 
 mark. 
 
 The above named Peter Smith maketh oath that he received the 
 above-mentioned, abuse, by the above-named Robert Robb, at the 
 time and place above-mentioned, and that he, this deponent, has 
 not been able, ever since receiving the above-mentioned abuse, to 
 follow his usual vocation, as formerly. 
 
 his 
 
 Peter X Smith. 
 
 mark. 
 
 James Brady's Evidence between Peter Smith, complainant, and 
 Robert Robb, defendant. 
 
 This deponent saith, that on Friday, the 20th day of December 
 last, Robert Robb did, at the house of this deponent's father, and 
 in his presence, violently beat and abuse the above-said Smith, and 
 continued so to do until he, this deponent, rescued him out of 
 his hands. This deponent further saith, that Robert Robb said he 
 
128 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 believed the committee got very li<-tle satisfaction of him, and that 
 they were a set of rascals, some of them were robbers, some were 
 horse -thieves, and some of them were murderers. 
 And further saith not. 
 
 James Brady. 
 
 Jean Cannon's Evidence. 
 
 This deponent saith, that she saw Peter Smith immediately after 
 difference with Robert Robb, and that said Smith seemed to her 
 to have been very much abused- as she understood, by said Robert 
 Robb. This deponent further saith, that said Robb said the com- 
 mittee was a set of rascals, some of them were horse-thieves, some 
 robbers, and some of them were murderers. 
 
 And further saith not. 
 
 her 
 
 Jean X Cannon. 
 
 mark. 
 
 January ^th, 1777. 
 Resolved, That this committee be adjourned until the 1 4th day of 
 this instant, to meet at the house of George McCandlish. 
 
 January 14. 
 
 The committee met, by adjournment, at the house of Mr. George 
 McCandlish, and proceeded to hear the evidence of James Patton, 
 in behalf of Robert Robb. 
 
 James Patton, being duly sworn, deposeth and said, that he, this 
 deponent, with Peter Smith and some others, were drinking together 
 at the house of Captain John Brady, when said Smith asked Mr. 
 Robb what news. Mr. Robb answered that he desired none of his 
 discourse, and asked James Brady if there was any fire in the new 
 house. Brady said there was. Mr. Robb then got up and asked 
 this deponent if he would go into the said house and drink share of 
 half a pint. This deponent said he would. After sitting down, 
 the aforesaid Smith came in. Says Mr. Robb, you have follovv^ed 
 me here again, Peter. Mr. Robb further said, if you choose to sit 
 here, I will go into the other house, and if you follow me, I will 
 flog you, or turn you out. Mr. Robb then got up, and asked this 
 deponent to go with him to the other house. This deponent further 
 
1777.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. isg 
 
 saith, that Mr. Robb said that once in his day he never thought to 
 be tried by such men as some of the committee. Some of them 
 had been tried for murder and some for horse stealing. 
 
 And further saitli not. 
 
 James Patton. 
 
 Whereas, A certain Robert Robb was brouglit before the com- 
 mittee of this county, on account of sundry charges proven against 
 him, and a resolve of this committee entered tliereon, bearing date 
 December 17th, 1776, by virtue whereof he was committed to the 
 custody of Colonel James Murray, to be by him sent to some proper 
 place of confinement until released by a superior authority : 
 
 And whereas. The saiei Colonel Murray, out of lenity to said 
 Robb's family, saw fit to appoint the mansion-house of the said 
 Robb as a prison for him, on a promise of his good behavior for 
 the future, but as said Robb hath since (as appears by sufficient tes- 
 timony given before this committee) very ungratefully abused the 
 lenity shown him by said Colonel Murray, by barbarously beating 
 and much abusing a certain Peter Smith, of this county, so as to 
 render him unable, for a considerable time, to support himself and 
 his small family by his industry, as usual, as appears by the testi- 
 mony of said Smith, and other evidences produced before this com- 
 mittee : 
 
 And whereas. He did, at the same time, not only despise all 
 authority of this committee, but also charge them with horse steal- 
 ing, robbery, and murder, as appears by the testimony of said 
 evidences : therefore, 
 
 Resolved, Notified to take, or order to be taken, the aforesaid 
 Robert Robb before the Council of Safety, of this State, to whom 
 he hath appealed, in order to answer the several charges proven 
 against him before this committee, which we have inclosed in a 
 letter directed to the said Council of Safety, which you are desired 
 to deliver with said prisoner. 
 
 Signed by order of committee. 
 
 Paul Geddis, Chairjnan. 
 
 January 15, 1777. 
 Resolved, That notice be sent to Captain Murray, requesting his 
 attendance to-morrow morning, which was accordingly sent by Mr. 
 Johnson. 
 9 
 
ijo ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 January i6. 
 
 Upon Captain Murray's not appearing according to notice, 
 Resolved, That Tiiomas Combs be hired and sent with a second 
 
 notice to Captain Murray, requesting his attendance immediately. 
 Upon Captain Murray's non-appearance upon second notice, 
 Resolved, That the aforesaid Thomas Combs be again sent with 
 
 a third notice to Captain Murray, and paid five shilhngs for his 
 
 trouble. 
 
 January 17. 
 
 Thomas Combs returned from Captain Murray's, and brought a 
 letter of which the following is a copy : 
 
 January 17, 1777. 
 Gentlemen : I sent you word by Mr. McKnight and Mr. John- 
 son that I would not act any longer as an officer ; and since you 
 wont take my word, I now send you my commission, and I hope 
 you will believe me now. 
 
 William Murray. 
 To the committee. 
 
 Upon Captain Murray's non-compliance with the resolve of this 
 committee. 
 
 Resolved, That Simon Himrod and Buchanan Smith be ap- 
 pointed to conduct Robert Robb to the Council of Safety of this 
 State, and that they be paid two pounds five shilhngs for their 
 trouble. 
 
 Resolved, That the sum of one pound ten shillings be paid to 
 Captain John Hambright, for this book found by him for the use of 
 this committee. 
 
 Resolved, That Mordecai McKinney be paid by the chairman 
 one pound two si lUings and six pence, out of the balance received 
 by Mr. Clay, on account of expresses to the different officers of 
 Colonel Murray';: battalion. 
 
 Job Jolloway applied to this committee for a letter to Thomas 
 Ferguson, to go with him to the Six Nations. 
 
 Resolved, That a letter be sent accordingly. 
 
1777. 1 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 131 
 
 Northumberland, February 13, 1777. 
 The following gentlemen being unanimously chosen by their re- 
 spective townships to serve in the committee of this county for the 
 ensuing six months, met at the house of Laughlan McCartney, in 
 Northumberland, and gave in the following returns of their election. 
 
 Augusta township. 
 
 Potter' s township. 
 John Livingstone, 
 John McMillan. 
 
 Turbutt township. 
 Thomas Jordan, 
 John Nelson, 
 Josiah Espy. 
 
 Buffalo Township. 
 John Aurand, 
 Thomas Sutherland, 
 George Overmire. 
 
 Bald Eagle township. 
 John Fleming, 
 James Hughs, 
 John Walker. 
 
 Mochonoy township. 
 George Yeakle, 
 Henry Zartman, 
 Henry Krebs. 
 
 Penn's township. 
 Andrew Moore, 
 David Miller, 
 Jacob Hosterman. 
 
 White Deer township. 
 William Blyth, 
 James McCormick, 
 William Reed, 
 
 Muncy township, 
 John Coates, 
 James Hampton, 
 William Hammond. 
 
 Mahoning township. 
 
 Wyoming township. 
 
 James McClure, 
 Peter Milleck, 
 John Clingman. 
 
 The committee, according to order, proceeded to elect their 
 chairman and clerk, when Thomas Jordan was unanimously chosen 
 chairman, and John Coates, clerk. 
 
132 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 Resolved, That this committee be adjourned till Tuesday, the 
 nth day of March next, when they are to meet at the house of 
 George McCandlish ; and as sundry of the townships have neglected 
 to send out their members at this meeting, the committee have 
 ordered the chairman to give notice to the said townships by public 
 advertisement to attend at next meeting. 
 
 March nth, 1777. 
 
 The committee met according to adjournment, Mr. Thomas Jor- 
 dan in the chair. 
 
 Upon complaints being made by a certain Allis Read, of Wyom- 
 ing township, that he, the said Read, had a horse strayed or stolen 
 from him some time ago, and was found in the custody of a certain 
 John Drake, when said Read replevied the horse and got him and 
 kept him in his possession for about six months, and then the widow 
 of said Drake came and took him forcibly out of said Read's stable, 
 he not being at home himself, 'and now keeps the horse, and abso- 
 lutely refuses to give him up again to the said Read. 
 
 Resolved, That Messrs. James McClure, Peter Milleck, and John 
 Clingman, with the assistance of the committee of Wyoming town- 
 ship be a joint committee to meet at the house of James McClure, in 
 said township, on Saturday, the 2 2d day of this instant, March, to 
 hear the complaint and defense of both parties concerning the said 
 horse, and that the chairman of this committee issue summons for 
 the evidences of the complainer to attend at said meeting, which 
 summons are to be served by the complainer himself, as also a sum- 
 mons for the said Widow Drake to attend Avith the horse and her 
 evidences or reasons, if any she have, why the complainer should 
 not have his horse upon proper proofs being made of his being his 
 property, and the aforesaid persons are hereby authorized to judge 
 and determine betwixt both parties, and upon proper proofs being 
 made, give their final judgment in the matter. 
 
 A certain Captain Jacob Links, of Buffalo township, appealed to 
 this committee in consequence of a resolve of the committee of said 
 township, a copy of which is as follows, viz : 
 
 '^Resolved, That Jacob Links does return several sums of money, 
 which a number of the inhabitants of this township did deliver to 
 him for the use of purchasing salt, he, said Links, acknowledging he 
 
1777.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 133 
 
 could have had salt, but it being troublesome times, he was afraid 
 he should suffer loss if he would purchase the salt, and a certain 
 evidence did declare that he said he was going on his own business 
 to Philadelphia, and he, said Links, did not bring salt. 
 
 December 21, 1776, by the committee of Buffalo township. 
 
 (Signed,) Will. Irwin, Chairman^ 
 
 In consequence of said appeal, Mr. Links was called in before 
 this committee and asked if he had evidence to produce. He said 
 he had, but that he had them not then ready. 
 
 Resolved, That Mr. Links appeal be referred till the next meet- 
 ing of committee, and that his evidence be summoned to attend. 
 
 Whereas, Colonel or Captain Benjamin Weiser has made com- 
 plaint to this committee that a number of parsons who had been out 
 under his command in the militia of this county, in order to join 
 the continental army, in New Jersey, and that the said persons were 
 deserted from him and returned home to this county, as the same is 
 more fully expressed in a letter to this committee, bearing date 
 , craving their assistance. 
 
 Resolved, That a day of muster be assigned for the said persons to 
 meet and march off to camp, and serve out their time, allowing them 
 to elect new officers, if they had any objections to the old ones, cer- 
 tifying them also, that if they neglect to obey this resolve, they are 
 to be taken up and committed as deserters. 
 
 Whereas, This committee have received a letter from the com- 
 mittee of the township of Bald Eagle, together with a resolve of 
 their committee anent the selling of grain, &c., in their township, 
 craving advice before they should carry their resolve into execution, 
 of which the following is a copy : 
 
 February 26th, 1776. We, the committee of the township of Bald 
 Eagle met, and as a complaint was made to us by a number of the 
 inhabitants that there is a quantity of rye that is going to be carried 
 out of the township, for stilling, and that there are some of the in- 
 habitants, which have not sold their grain as yet, nor will not sell 
 without they get eighteen pence or two shillings per bushel above 
 the highest market price that grain is giving in the county, but will 
 keep it up and carry it off; and as it appears to us that a great num- 
 ber of the inhabitants of the township will suffer if such a practice is 
 allowed to go on ; therefore, we 
 
134 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 Resolve, That no stiller in this township shall buy any more 
 grain this season for to still, or still any more than what he hath 
 already by him. And further, we resolve, that no grain be carried 
 out of this township till the necessity of the poor is supplied, or till 
 the first day of May next ; and any person having grain of any kind 
 to dispose of, and will not take the market price at Sunbury, reduct- 
 ing a reasonable carriage or the highest price that it will be there 
 when the grain is wanted, we allow to seize on it and take it by 
 force, and pay them their money. Given under our hands the day 
 and year above mentioned. 
 
 (Signed,) John Dickson, 
 
 Robert Love, 
 James Erwin. 
 
 Resolved, That the committee of Bald Eagle is the most compe- 
 tent judges of the circumstances of the people in that township ; 
 that, therefore, the affair be referred back to them to act as they shall 
 see just cause, but, in the meantime, that they be cautioned against 
 using too much rigor in their measures, and that they keep by mod- 
 eration as much as possible, and study a sort of medium between 
 seizing of property and supplying the wants of the poor. 
 
 Whereas, Report has been made to this committee of a certain 
 Henry Sterratt profaning the Sabbath in an unchristian and scan- 
 dalous manner, causing his servants to maul rails, &c., on that day, 
 and beating and abusing them if they offered to disobey such his 
 unlawful commands. 
 
 Resolved, That the committee of Bald Eagle township, where he 
 now resides, be recommended to suppress such like practices to the 
 utmost of their power. 
 
 Resolved, That this committee be adjourned till Tuesday, the 
 15 th of April next, when it is again to meet at the house of George 
 McCandlish. 
 
 April i^th, 1777. 
 
 The committee met according to adjournment, Mr. Thomas Jor- 
 dan in the chair. 
 
 Whereas, A certain Jacob Dreisbach having disobeyed a sum- 
 mons issued by this committee at their last sitting, for him to have 
 compeared at this meeting of committee as evidence in the affair of 
 Jacob Links, 
 
1777.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. I35 
 
 Resolved, That a special warrant be now granted for bringing 
 him before this committee to-morrow, at nine o'clock. 
 
 April 1 7 /A. 
 Jacob Dreisbach was brought before the committee, and being 
 duly sworn, he saith that he asked Captain Links if he was the man 
 that was to go to Philadelphia for salt, and the said Links answered 
 that he was, and said that he had a sister in Philadelphia, and wanted 
 to see her, and said it would suit him better to go than another who 
 had no errand of their own ; but says, for his own part, he was will- 
 ing to allow Captain Links whatever came to his share of the ex- 
 penses, at the same rate that the rest of his employers allowed him, 
 
 and further saith not. 
 
 Jacob Dreisbach. 
 
 Mr. George Overmire, a member of this committee, declareth 
 that he was present when Captain Links agreed with his employers, 
 and says that he was to have his expenses allowed him, whether he 
 got salt or not. 
 
 Captain Links compeared and produced his account for traveling 
 expenses, which amounted to ;£5 15, acknowledging the leceipt of 
 ^39 from his employers, part of which he had yet in his hands, 
 and says he could have got salt, but it being salt that had been 
 already purchased or allotted for the use of this county, and was to 
 be distributed over the county at large, it was not answering his 
 purpose to bring it, and there was no other salt he could get to 
 purchase. 
 
 Resolved, That Captain Links be authorized to keep the sum of 
 two shillings and eleven pence half penny out of every pound of his 
 employer's money for payment of his expenses, as his account ap- 
 pears to this committee to be very moderate. 
 
 Whereas, A certain William Read, of Bald Eagle township, has 
 been taken into custody and carried before this committee to an- 
 swer for his conduct in refusing to associate and bear arms in behalf 
 of the States ; and being asked his reasons for so refusing, his an- 
 swers were as follows, viz : 
 
 That he was once concerned in a riot that happened in Ireland, 
 commonly known by the name of the Hearts of Steel, and was 
 taken prisoner, tried, and acquitted, upon his taking an oath of 
 
7j6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. Ylll. 
 
 allegiance to the King, and coming [under] solemn obligations 
 never to lift arms against him for the future ; he, therefore, looked 
 upon it as a breach of his oath to muster or bear arms in behalf of 
 the States, as the arms of the States were now employed against the 
 King to whom he had sworn allegiance. 
 
 Being further asked if he had any objections to the cause the 
 United States were now engaged in, he said he had not any, and 
 would be as forward and willing as any to join in it, could he do it 
 without breach of his oath. Being asked if he would take an oath 
 of allegiance to the United States, he said he would if it did not 
 oblige him to take up arms. 
 
 Accordingly an oath was tendered to liim, and he swore as 
 follows : 
 
 I do swear to be true to the United States of America, and do 
 renounce and disclaim all allegiance to the King of Great Britain, 
 and promise that I will not, either directly or indirectly, speak or act 
 any thing in prejudice to the cause or safety of the States, or lift 
 arms against them, or be any way assistant to their declared enemies 
 
 in any case whatsoever. 
 
 William Read. 
 
 Whereupon, the committee resolved to dismiss him, upon his pay- 
 ing the sum of seventeen shillings and one penny half penny, being 
 the costs of bringing him before the committee. 
 
 In consequence of sundry accounts, from different parts of the 
 county, of a dangerous plot being on foot by some of our enemies 
 to bring on an Indian war, and in particular by an intercepted letter, 
 wrote by a certain Nicholas Pickard, directed to a certain John 
 Pickard, at the house of Caspar Read, in Penn's township, with all 
 speed, a copy of which was transmitted to us by Nathaniel Landon, 
 of Wyoming, and is now before this committee, and is as follows : 
 
 Wyoming, March ph, 1777. 
 
 Worthy Friend : I cannot omit but write you a few lines, that I 
 am in a good state of health, and, further, I let you know that, as 
 soon as the river is clear of ice, we shall march from every part ; 
 therefore, I would advise you, as a friend, to go out of the way, for 
 we then, as soon as the- river is clear of ice, intend to cut all off; 
 therefore, I think it is better for you to go out of the way with the 
 rest, for against May it will go as you heard it should go. Perhaps 
 
1777.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 137 
 
 against Easter I will be with you ; then I shall tell you further, and 
 give you a better account of it. No more at present, but I remain 
 your trusty friend. Give my compliments to them all a thousand 
 times ; tell them all that I intend to see them soon. I have wrote 
 to you as much as I durst. 
 
 (Signed.) Nicholas Pickard. 
 
 In consequence of which letter, Colonel James Murray and Cap- 
 tain James Espy were sent out, by order of this committee, in search 
 of the said Nicholas and John Pickard. 
 
 April i']th. 
 
 Captain Espy returned, and brought the body of John Pickard 
 before this committee ; and being legally sworn, upon the Holy 
 ■ Evangelist of Almighty God, 
 
 He saith, that he went up the river, some time about last Christ- 
 mas, from Middletown to Wyoming, in a boat, and at Wyoming he 
 met with the aforesaid Nicholas Pickard, his own cousin, and that 
 they two went by land about twenty miles further up the river, to a 
 place called Tankhannock, to see some friends, and being in the 
 house of a certain Nicholas Phillips, he, the said Phillips, told his 
 cousin and him that the Indians had told him they would come 
 down, and cut off all against this spring, or as soon as they got their 
 orders ; and that they would in particular strike upon the Mohawk 
 river and the waters of the Susquehannough ; and that when he 
 parted with the said Nicholas, at that time, he promised to write to 
 the deponent as soon as he thought there was immediate danger, so 
 that he might go out. of the way ; withal telling him that the Indians 
 did not want to kill any that did not take up arms against them, so 
 that if he would go out of the way, or lie still on one side, there 
 would be no danger of him. And further told him, about a fortnight 
 ago, that there were five hundred Indians at Shamung, waiting for their 
 orders from Niagara. Likewise, that he, the deponent, asked the 
 said Nicholas what his reason was for coming down to Caspar Read's 
 at that time, (being about a fortnight ago,) and he told him that the 
 Yankees were going to apprehend him for a Tory, and that a certain 
 ^ Dennis Clark came to him about midnight, and gave him notice of 
 it, and accordingly he made his escape down the river to Caspar 
 Read's, or that neighborhood. And he has told the deponent, that 
 
138 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 he has wrote him two letters, one of which was sent by a man of the 
 name of Clark, which the deponent thinks is the same Clark that 
 gave him notice to go off; and that Clark took sick upon the way, 
 and when he could not proceed forward with the letter, by reason 
 of his illness, he threw the letter in the fire and burnt it ; and that 
 the contents of the letter was, that the Indians were coming down, 
 and for the deponent to go out of the way, and further saith not. 
 
 John Pickard. 
 
 An oath of allegiance to the United States being proposed to John 
 Pickard, and bail for his good behavior, he complied with both, and 
 produced Caspar Read as his bail, who bound himself in a bond of 
 an hundred pounds for the good and orderly behavior of John Pick- 
 ard, for a year and a day next to come after this date. Then the 
 oath of allegiance was tendered to him, and he swore as follows : 
 
 I do swear to be true to the United States of America, and do 
 renounce and disclaim all allegiance to the King of Great Britain, 
 and promise that I will not, either directly or indirectly, speak or act 
 anything in prejudice to the cause or safety of the States, or lift arms 
 against them, or be any way assistant to their declared enemies, in 
 any case whatsover. So help me God. 
 
 John Pickard. 
 
 Upon the satisfaction given to the committee by the said John 
 Pickard, it was unanimously agreed that he be dismissed. 
 
 April T^th. 
 
 Colonel Murray returned, and brought the body of Nicholas Pick- 
 ard before this committee, and being [questioned] .anent the aforesaid 
 letter, confesseth that he wrote it, and a copy of the letter being 
 read unto him, he ackowledged the same in every particular ; and 
 further confesseth, that he is in connection with the ministerial 
 troops at Niagara, and that he has taken an oath of allegiance to the 
 King of Britain, but says he was forced to it ; and further, concerning 
 the letter, he says that he wrote it in a kind of mysterious manner, 
 by reversing the letters, so that it might not be understood, in case 
 it should be intercepted ; and that he sent it by a person of the 
 name of Dennis Clark, and that he has seen said Clark since that 
 time, who told him that he took sick upon the way, and, seeing that 
 he could not get the letter forwarded, he had burnt it. 
 
1777.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. IJ9 
 
 He likewise says that one Nicholas Philips, at Tankhannock, noti- 
 fied him and several others thereabouts to move away with their 
 families and connections to a place called Tiogo, in the Indian 
 country, as the English were coming down to cut off the inhabitants 
 upon the waters of the Mohawk river and the Susquehannough. 
 That there were fifteen thousand of the ministerial troops at Niagara, 
 which were to be divided ; four thousand of them were to come 
 down the North Branch and four thousand down the West Branch 
 of Susquehannough, and seven thousand down the Mohawk river, 
 and a number of Indians were to be along with them, and that the 
 person who informed this Philips of it was one John DePeu, who is 
 gone off and joined the English at Niagara, and that he sent him 
 this piece of information by an Indian, after he went off. 
 
 Upon due deliberation upon the examination of Nicholas Pick- 
 ard, the committee are unanimously of opinion that he is an enemy 
 to the States : therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That he be immediately sent from before this commit- 
 tee to the Supreme Executive Council of this State, to be dealt with 
 as their superior judgments shall direct them in the case, and that 
 John Coates be the person who shall carry him thither, and that he 
 call as many to his assistance as may be needful. 
 
 Resolved, That this committee be adjourned till the loth day of 
 June next, when they are to meet at the house of Mr. Laughlan 
 McCartney, in Northumberland. 
 
 January 3, was fought the battle at Princeton, in which Colonel 
 Potter's battalion took part. Washington, it will be recollected, 
 slipped away from Cornwallis at Trenton, made a forced march on 
 Princeton, and had already won the battle there, when Cornwallis, 
 having made a forced march, arrived near Stony Brook. Washing- 
 ton sent an order to Colonel Potter to destroy the bridge at Worth's 
 Mills, on Stony Brook, in sight of the advancing British. Colonel 
 Potter ordered Major Kelly to make a detail for that purpose. 
 Kelly said he would not order another to do what some might say 
 he was afraid to do himself. He took a detail and went to work. 
 The British opened upon him a heavy fire of round shot. Before 
 all the logs were cut off, several balls struck the log on which he 
 stood, and it broke down sooner than he expected, and he fell into 
 the stream. His party moved off, not expecting him to escape. 
 
140 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 By great exertions he reached the shore through the high water and 
 .floating timbers, and followed the troops. Incumbered, as he was, 
 with his wet and frozen clothes, he made prisoner of an armed 
 British scout, and took him into camp. (Lossing, in his Field Book 
 of the Revolution, says he was taken prisoner. This is a mistake.) 
 Colonel Kelly used to tell that during this tour, for three days at 
 one time there was no service of provisions, and during the march 
 before and after the battle, they were thirty-six hours under arms 
 without sleep. / ^jJilf^ 
 
 Muster roll of Captain Benja7nin Wei^r's companv., at Philadelphia 
 January 30, 1777. 
 
 Captain — Weiser, B. 
 
 First Lieutenant — Snider, Christopher. 
 
 Second Lieutenant — Shaffer, Adam. 
 
 Third Lieutenant — Van Gundy, Joseph. 
 
 First Sergeant — Hain, Matthew. 
 
 Second Sergeant — Markle, George. 
 
 First Corporal — Moyer, Philip. 
 
 Second Corporal — Eisenhauer, Frederick, enlisted in the service 
 of the United States. 
 
 Privates — Brosius, George ; Brosius, Nicholas ; Faust, John ; 
 Furst, Christian, sick at present, (discharged at Reading, by Doctor 
 Potts;) Furst, Conrad; Groninger, Henry; Hauser, John ; Heim, 
 John; Herter, John; Herrold, George; Hosterman, Peter; Kauf- 
 man, Henry; Kerstetter, Adarn ; Kerstetter, Martin: Kerstetter, 
 Leonard ; Kitch, Thomas ; Leffler, Adam ; Livengood, John ; Mei- 
 ser, John; Moyer, George; Neitz, Philip; Newman, Michael; Pei- 
 fer, George; Pickel, Tobias; Reitz, Andrew; Shafer, Christian; 
 Shafer, Nicholas; Snider, Jacob; Spengle, Zacharias; Stroub, John; 
 Troutner, George, (enlisted in the United States service;) Weis, 
 Peter; Witmer, Mathias. 
 
 28th January, the Assembly passed an act reviving all laws in 
 force on the 14th of May, 1776, and such of the common and stat- 
 ute laws of England as had been in force previously, except the act 
 of allegiance, or those that acknowledged the authority of the heirs 
 and devisees of William Penn, or were repugnant to the lately 
 formed constitution. The courts were directed to be held at the 
 
1777.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 141 
 
 times and places of old, and the President and Council should desig- 
 nate the presiding justice; in his absence, the justices to chose one. • 
 The election for justices was fixed for the 25 th of April, two persons 
 from each township to be elected, one commissioned. Licenses for 
 taverns to be granted by the Executive Council, on recommend- 
 ation of the justices. 14th March, register and recorder's offices 
 established in every county ; and on the 1 4th of June, the county 
 was districted \ Buffalo, White Deer, and Potter placed in the third 
 district. The elections to be held at Fought's mill. 
 
 February i, occurred the skirmish at Piscataway, New Jersey. 
 Patrick Kellahan, of Captain Clarke's company, was wounded by 
 a musket ball in the right thigh. He lay a long while under the 
 doctor's hands. The ball, however, was never extracted, at least in 
 1786, when Colonel James Murray certified to the facts, in order 
 to his drawing a pension. Peter Nees was wounded in the privates, 
 and died from want of proper care. He left a widow, Mary Nees, 
 and three children. Henry Dougherty and John Fitzsimmons, of 
 Northumberland county, were wounded. Lieutenant Gustavus 
 Ross, of Lee's company, was killed. Captain Thomas Robinson, 
 who was second in command that day, said he was wounded in the 
 bowels, and died that night, at Ash Swamp, east New Jersey. Rob- 
 ert Wilson, who became ensign of Cookson Long's company, and 
 John Norcross, -were wounded. Wilson in the left foot, Norcross 
 in the left shoulder. 
 
 The following receipt is a curiosity in its way. It bears date 27th 
 May: " Received of Captain John Clarke the sum of five pounds 
 and twelve shillings and nine pence, together with three pounds 
 seven shillings and three pence, together with four pounds, seven 
 shillings bounty and subsistence, being the full pay for a private for 
 three months and eighteen days. I say received by me. 
 
 "Jos. Green." 
 
 During the summer Colonel Kelly was commanding on the fron- 
 tier. Van Campen, in his narrative, says he served a tour of three 
 months with him at this time. Colonel Kelly's guide was Job Chil- 
 loway, a friendly Indian. They were stationed at the Big Island, 
 near Lock Haven. 
 
 Job Chilloway, says Jones, in his history of Juniata valley, page 
 351, spent his latter days on Spruce creek, Huntingdon county, 
 
142 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 where he was found dead in his cabin, by some hunters, about the 
 close of the last century. He was a tall, muscular man, with his ears 
 cut so as to hang pendant, like a pair of ear-rings ; so said the late 
 E. Bell, Esquire. He was of the Delaware tribe, and his name 
 occurs frequently in the Archives, from 1759 on, as a spy, and 
 always friendly to the whites. 
 
 April 5 th, General James Potter appointed third brigadier general. 
 
 April 22. " Matthew Brown, whose remains lie buried in White 
 Deer Hole valley, was quite a prominent man in our history. He 
 was one of the first overseers of the poor for White Deer township ; 
 in February, 1776, one of the committee of safety for Northumber- 
 land county; in June 1776, a member of t±ie Provincial Council 
 that met in Philadelphia to dissolve our political connection with 
 Great Britain, and in July, 1776, a member of the State Convention 
 that formed our State Constitution of 1776, which he signed on 
 the 28th day of September, in that year. In the autumn of 1776 
 he entered our provincial or United States army as a soldier, and 
 while serving thus contracted what was called 'the camp fever,' 
 which compelled him to return home, and finally carried him to his 
 grave. He lies buried here in a field, about half a mile south of my 
 residence. His grave is surrounded with a rude unmortared stone 
 wall, put there by his wife, Eleanor Brown, the widow named in our 
 above list of names. After surviving him for a period of thirty-seven 
 years, she also died, and now lies buried at his side. The inclosure 
 is about ten or twelve feet square in the clear, inside, and contains 
 two upright, plain white marble tombstones, now much discolored 
 and blackened by time, leaving the following inscriptions and noth- 
 ing more, to wit : 
 
 'MATTHEW BKOWN, 
 
 Died April 2 2d, 1777.' 
 
 'ELEANOR BKOWN, 
 
 Wife of Matthew Brown, 
 Died August 9 , 1 8 1 4. ' 
 
 "And inside of this stone inclosure there stands four living trees, 
 viz : a straight and handsome hickory tree of about sixteen inches 
 in diameter near the ground, and three other crooked and scraggy 
 trees, a wild cherry tree, and two elm trees of some seven or eight 
 
1777.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. if3 
 
 inches in diameter near the ground. Mr. Brown seems to have 
 been well off, and doubtless owned this land and lived somewhere 
 near where he now lies buried. " — /. F. Wolfinger. 
 
 loth May, occurred the action at Piscataway, New Jersey. Chris- 
 topher Gettig, afterwards many years a justice at Sunbury, was 
 acting first lieutenant that day in Colonel Cooke's regiment. He 
 was wounded in the leg and taken prisoner. His leg had to be 
 amputated. Some of his descendants live near Bellefonte, Centre 
 county, (1877.) 
 
 nth September, battle of Brandy wine. Captain John Brady 
 was badly wounded. William Boyd,^ his lieutenant was killed. 
 Adam Christ, of Buffalo Valley, was wounded in the breast, a mus- 
 ket ball passing clear through his body. Samuel Brady was also in 
 this battle. The twelfth was under General Wayne, at Chadd's 
 Ford. General Potter was with General Armstrong at Pyles' Ford. 
 Christ was in Lieutenant Colonel James Murray's battalion, under 
 Potter. 
 
 20th, occurred the Paoli massacre. Samuel Brady was on guard, 
 and laid down with his blanket buckled around him. The British 
 were nearly on them before the sentinel fired. Brady ran ; and as 
 he jumped a fence, a soldier struck at him with a musket and pinned 
 his blanket to a rail. He tore the blanket, and dashed on. A 
 horseman overtook him, and ordered him to stop. He wheeled and 
 shot the horseman dead, and got into a small swamp, supposing no 
 one in but himself. In the morning he found fifty-five men in it, 
 of whom he took command and conducted to camp. 
 
 I St November, Colonel Hunter writes that he had orders for the 
 third and fourth classes of militia to march, but he had neither arms 
 or blankets for them ;. that the first and second classes were on the 
 frontiers, and had all the good arms that could be collected ; that 
 the people were in a bad way ; had not got in any crops. For the 
 state of the country, he referred President Wharton to Captain 
 John Hambright, who had been chosen of the Council. That the 
 
 1 William Boyd was the son of Sarah Boyd, a widow, who resided at Northumber- 
 land, and a brother of Thomas, who shared in all the dangers and fatigues of the 
 Canada campaign, (see Judge Henry's Memoirs of Arnold's Expedition,) and fell 
 a sacrifice to Indian barbarity in Sullivan's expedition. Another brother, Captain 
 Boyd, lived at Northumberland many years afterwards. See Meginness, page 286, 
 for his adventures. 
 
144 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 county was the worst off of any in the State for salt. His next let- 
 ter, nth November, Fort Augusta, is as follows: 
 
 Sir : This day the third and fourth classes of the third battalion 
 march to join the army of General Washington, under the com- 
 mand of Colonel James Murray. The two classes of Colonel Cook- 
 son Long's battalion I have ordered to duty on the frontiers, as the 
 first class, that was commanded by Colonel John Kelly, has come 
 off from thence, after serving two months, to encourage the poor, 
 scattered inhabitants to return back to their habitations, which I 
 hope will be approved by the Council. The militia that now 
 marches is badly off for blankets, and several go without any, and 
 but thinly clothed, which shows their attachment to the American 
 cause ; though poor, yet brave, and can be depended upon for their 
 integrity. The first class that did duty up the Bald Eagle looks to 
 me for pay. It has come home with the loss of two men, drowned 
 
 in the river. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 Samuel Hunter. 
 
 By way of appendix to the year 1777, I insert a letter to Gen- 
 eral James Potter. His correspondence, embracing letters from all 
 the principal characters in the Revolution, from General Washing- 
 ton to Lady Harriet Ackland, after being many years carefully pre- 
 served on his garret, were scattered to the four winds, in the mis- 
 fortune of some of his descendants, some twenty years ago. His 
 dark lantern is still in the possession of Colonel WilHam P. Wilson, 
 of Trenton, New Jersey, one of his descendants. 
 
 General Potter's positions are indicated as follows: July 22, in 
 command at Billingsport ; 29th August, in command of the first 
 brigade, Pennsylvania militia, at Chester; September i, at Wilming- 
 ton ; 2d and 5th moved up to Newport. 
 
 Head Quarters, 31^/ October, 1777. 
 
 Sir : As soon as the Schuylkill is fordable, I shall send over a 
 large body of militia to you, for the purpose of executing some par- 
 ticular matters. The principal one, to endeavor to break up the 
 road by which the enemy have a communication with their shipping 
 over the islands, if it is practicable; and to remove^ the running 
 stones from the mills in the neighborhood of Chester and Wilming- 
 ton. This last I would have you undertake immediately, with your 
 
1777.1 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 145 
 
 present force, as I have information that the enemy are about making 
 a detacliment to Wilmington, probably with an intent to take post 
 there, and secure the use of the mills. To execute this matter at 
 once, you should impress a sufficient number of wagons for the pur- 
 pose, without letting any person know what they are for, and send 
 them under good officers, with sufficient parties, to the following 
 mills : 
 
 Lloyd's, about two miles on this side of Chester ; Robinson's, on 
 Naaman's creek ; Shaw's, about one mile back of Chester, and the 
 Brandywine mills. If there are any other that I have not men- 
 tioned, contiguous to the river, they are also to be dismounted. 
 The stones should be marked with tar and grease, or in some other 
 manner, that it may be known to what mills they belong, that they 
 may be returned, and made use of in the future, and they should be 
 moved to such distance that the enemy cannot easily recover them. 
 If there is any flour in the mills, it should be removed, if possible, 
 after the stones are secured. I am informed that there is consider- 
 able quantity in Shaw's mill, particularly, which there is reason to 
 believe is intended for the enemy. It is very convenient to the 
 navigation of Chester creek, and should be first taken care of I 
 beg you may instantly set about this work, for the reason above 
 mentioned. That no previous alarm may be given, let a certain 
 day and a certain hour be fixed upon for the execution of the whole 
 at one time, and even the officers^who are to do the business should 
 not know their destination till just before they set out, lest it should 
 take wind. 
 
 I have yours of yesterday afternoon, and am glad to hear that the 
 flood has done so much damage to the meadows. Endeavor by all 
 means to keep the breakers open. When the party that I mentioned 
 in the former part of my letter gets down, I hope you will be able 
 to break up the dyke effectually. 
 
 I am sir, your most obedient servant, 
 
 George Washington. 
 
 P. S. I have desired Captain Lee, of the light horse, to give you 
 any assistance that you may want. 
 
 General Potter. 
 
 From the camp at Mr. Lewes', November 12, 1777, after recom- 
 mending Thomas Jordan for paymaster, General Potter writes : 
 10 
 
i4(J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1777. 
 
 "As for news, I have not much. Yesterday came up the river 
 thirty-eight sail of the enemy. What number of troops were on 
 hoard is a secret to me. I went to Chester in the evening, but could 
 not learn. There has been very heavy firing for three days past. 
 The first day they did no damage to the works or the men. I have 
 intelligence almost every day from the city. Howe is the best Whig- 
 maker in the United States. He has converted many from the evil 
 of their ways, and turned them imto the country. Distress and want 
 is likely to abound in the city. I am told the poor would have 
 suffered before this time, if General Washington had not allowed 
 them to get flour at the Frankfort mills. Friend Howe is not a par- 
 tial man. He uses Whig and Tory alike, which is the best thing I 
 can say of him. The friends to the Government lent friend Howe 
 ^100,000. I believe by this time they would not refuse security, 
 if offered . The enemy have made two floating batteries, but they are 
 constructed so badly and sunk so deep in the water, they will do us 
 little damage. My men brought in to-day five British soldiers pris- 
 oners. We catch them napping, sometimes. Firing has been heavy 
 to-day, but we stand it as yet. I have tried to get a man to go to 
 Red Bank to-day, and to-morrow I hope I will get an account from 
 there. I have just received a letter from George Read, Esquire, Pres- 
 ident of Delaware State, informing that their militia had seized a 
 number of people, who were supplying the enemy's shipping with fresh 
 provisions, and destroyed six of their vessels in Duck creek. Three 
 weeks ago I advised the taking and keeping of Province and Car- 
 penter's Islands. If this had been done, friend Howe would have 
 been hungry by this time. We have it reported that on Wednesday 
 last our people sank a sixty-four gun ship. On Monday our people 
 took twelve light horse and some foot prisoners. The soldiers in the 
 city say often that they look upon themselves as our prisoners. One 
 day one of the sentinels told Major Taylor so. 
 
 "With esteem, your Excellency's obedient, humble servant, 
 
 " James Potter." 
 
 Directed, on public service, His Excellency, Thomas Wharton, 
 Esquire, Lancaster, favor of Mr. Thomas Jordan. 
 
 nth December occurred the action, at Guelph's mills, (near 
 Philadelphia,) in which the enemy endeavored to surprise General 
 Potter. The second battalion, under Colonel Murray, was engaged. 
 
1778] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 147 
 
 Timothy Lennington, of Northumberland county, was wounded ; 
 Robert McQuilhams was also wounded, and cut to pieces by the light 
 horse, the same evening; Charles Clark, first lieutenant of Captain 
 Taggart's company, was wounded in the left arm ; had his skull frac- 
 tured ; he remained in captivity three years. 
 
 December 15, General Potter writes home, that in an action a few 
 days previous his people behaved well, particularly the regiments of 
 Colonel Chambers and Colonel Murray. 
 
 December 31, the Council request General Potter to stay in the 
 field during the winter, or for some time yet at least. The year 
 closes gloomily enough, with the army encamped at Valley Forge. 
 
 A return, dated Camp, in Montgomery, Philadelphia county, 
 December 22, shows that Colonel Murray's regiment, of Northum- 
 berland county militia, was then in Major General John Armstrong's 
 division, and numbered two hundred and twenty-six men on the rolls. 
 
 i^rs 
 
 List of Inhabitants — Indian Troubles — Great Runaway of 1778 — 
 Covenhoven's Narrative — John Bashor Killed — Incident of Quinn 
 Family — Monmouth Battle — James Brady's Death — Colonel Hart- 
 ley's Expedition. 
 
 fHOMAS WHARTON, President of the State until his 
 death at Lancaster, 23d May. Members of Congress, 
 Clingan, William ; Morris, Robert ; Roberdeau, Daniel ; 
 Reed, Joseph; Smith, James; and Smith, Jonathan B. 
 Samuel Hunter, Lieutenant of the county. John Hambright, 
 member of Council. Members of Assembly elected, October 2, 
 Chambers, Stephen; Dale, Samuel; Himrod, Simon; McKnight, 
 James; Martin, Robert; and White, John. The candidates voted 
 for, having, according to the returns of the judges of the election, 
 received the following number of votes each: Samuel Dale, 251; 
 
148 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 Simon Himrod, 250; James McKnight, 247; Robert Martin, 246; 
 John White, 211; Stephen Chambers, 201; Robert Fruit; 173; 
 James Crawford, 170. Another return, signed by John Kelly, 
 Walter Clark, and Jacob Fulmer, judges, declared Robert Fruit and 
 James Crawford elected, instead of White and Chambers ; but the 
 House declared, November 7, that the return of John Clingman, 
 William Fisher, and Michael Hessler, was the legal one. David Har- 
 ris, Prothonotary. Jonathan Lodge, Sheriff. January i, Benjamin 
 Weiser of Penn's, appointed a justice. County Commissioners, 
 William Gray, John Nelson, and Thomas Sutherland; John Lytle 
 elected in October. Officers of Buffalo : Constable, Martin Trester ; 
 Supervisors, John Pontius and George Williams ; Overseers, William 
 Speddy and Martin Dreisbach. White Deer : Constable, Henry 
 Derr ; Supervisors, James Hammond and William Rodman ; Over- 
 seers, Charles McGenet and .William Wilson. 
 
 Inhabitants of Buffalo who canie in after 1775. Books, Henry; 
 Barnhart, Martin ; Colpetzer, Adam ; Chambers, Robert ; Cox, 
 Samuel; Divler, Joseph; Dempsey, Cornelius; Dugan, William; 
 Frederick, Thomas; Ferguson, John; GiUiland, John; Haugha- 
 waut, Liftard, tenant of Samuel McClay's place; Irvin, William, 
 (miller,) Mensch, Abraham, (who owned and lived on Abraham 
 Wolfe's place, in East Buffalo. His wife died in the Valley, and 
 was buried at Jenkins mill. He left with the runaway of 1779, 
 taking with him his boys. Christian and John, and one horse. He 
 never returned. He married again, and the late Reverend J. 
 Nicholas Mensch, was a son by the second wife. Christian went 
 to Ohio, John to New York; the latter died, about the same time 
 the Reverend J. Nicholas died, at Lewisburg, in 1854. The father 
 of Abraham and Benjamin, of Lewis township, was a nephew of 
 the one here spoken of.) Mizener, Henry and Conrad; Prinkler, 
 Charles; Shirtz, Michael; Struble, Richard; Stroh, Nicholas, on 
 now Samuel Dunkel's place. (Mathias Allspach made crocks there. 
 The latter killed, with a potter's stick, a wolf following the sheep 
 into the yard;) Henry Winkert. 
 
 List of Inhabitants of White Deer. 
 
 Allen, Samuel; Ammon, George; Armstrong, William; Baker, Ja- 
 cob; Blue, Frederick; Blue, William; Blythe, William; Boone, Haw- 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 149 
 
 kins ; Brown, Eleanor ; Brundage, Joseph ; Buchanan, James ; Cald- 
 well, James ; Carnachan, William ; Campbell, John; Charters, Wil- 
 liam; Clark, Robert; Clark, Walter; 'Clark, William; Cook, Henry; 
 Cooper, Robert ; Correy, Robert ; Couples, David ; Crasher, Wil- 
 liam ; C-roninger, Leonard ; Dale, Samuel ; Deal, Christian ; Dean, 
 Benjamin; Derr, Joseph; Derr, Henry; Diffenderfer, Michael ; Dier- 
 mand, Thomas; Dike, David; Dunbar, Samuel; Earl, Michael; 
 Elder, Thomas ; Ellis, Richard; Etterburn, Jacob ; Ewing, Alex- 
 ander ; Fisher, Christian ; Fisher, John ; Fisher, Samuel, saw-mill ; 
 Fleming, Hans ; Fockler, George ; Foutz, Conrad ; Fruit, Robert ; 
 Fulton, John; Gibson, Robert; Graham, Edward; Graham, John ; 
 Graham, Thomas ; Gray, William ; Green, Ebenezer ; Hammond, 
 David; Hammond, James ; Hays, James; Hazlett, John; Heckle, 
 Andrew; Heck.man, Andrew; Hill, James; Hood, Elizabeth; 
 Houston, Doctor John ; Huling, Marcus, saw-mill ; Hunter, James ; 
 Hutchinson, Thomas ; Iddings, Henry; Irwin; George; Irwin, 
 Richard; James, Thomas ; Johnson, John ; Johnson, William ; 
 Jordan, William ; Kelly, John ; Kilday, George ; Kirkwood, John ; 
 Lafferty, Isaac ; Laird, Nicholas ; Leacock, John; Linn, John; Lob- 
 den, Thomas ; Low, Cornelius ; Low, Cornelius, junior ; Low, Wil- 
 liam; Lykens, Thomas ; McCard, James ; McClenachan, James; 
 McCollum, John ; McComb, Daniel ; McClure, Thomas ; McCord, 
 Samuel; McCormick, James; McCormick, Thomas; McGinnes, 
 Samuel ; McLaughlin, James ; Mcjannet, Charles ; Mackey, Wil- 
 liam ; Maffit, Joseph ; Martin, Robert ; Mason, William ; Mitchel- 
 tree, John; Moodie, Robert; Moore, Henry; Moore, John; 
 Moore, Thomas ; Nicholson, William; Noraconk, Daniel ; Norcross, 
 John ; Orr, William ; Pearson, Widow ; Poak, James, saw-mill : 
 Poak, Joseph ; Reed, William ; Reed, Widow ; Reese, George ; 
 Robb, William; Rodman, William; Row, James; Row, Joseph ; 
 Ridehower, Peter ; Semple, John ; Semple, Robert ; Shaw, Hamil- 
 'ton ; Shearer, Samuel ; Shields, Archibald ; Smith, John, senior ; 
 Smith, John, junior ; Smith, Widow; Stephen, Alexander ; Stephen, 
 Philip; Story, John; Stover, PhiUp; Sunderland, Daniel; Swartz, 
 Peter; Tate, John; Tate, Joseph; Titzell, Henry, grist and saw- 
 mill, (Ranch's now;) Townsend, Codder; Turner, Thomas; Weeks, 
 Jesse ; Weeks, Joseph ; Weitzell, John ; Wertz, Deidrich ; Wheeland, 
 
ISO ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 George; White, Joseph ; Wilson, Peter ; Wilson, Peter, junior; 
 Wilson, William ; Yarnall, Jesse. 
 
 Doctor John Houston was the earliest physician in White Deer 
 township, that I have any knowledge of. He is said to have resided 
 at or near the present village of Hightown. 
 
 Additional List of Inhabitants , Fenn^s Township. 
 
 Aumiller, Philip ; Bader, George ; Bartges, Christopher ; Bearsh, 
 Peter; Begel, Thomas; Benford, George; Billman, Abraham; 
 Bickel, John ; Bornson, Catharine ; Bowerman, George ; Bower- 
 man, John ; Borald, Adam ; Bowersox, Paul ; Boreminginan, Peter ; 
 Bollinger, Adam ; Braucht, Daniel ; Brenard, Francis ; Buchtel, 
 John ; Bumbach, George, senior ; Byerly, Anthony ; Carrol, 
 Hugh ; Clemens, Abraham ; Conrad, George ; Dauberman, Chris- 
 tian ; Deininger, Frederick ; Eberhart, Frederick ; Eckart, Jacob ; 
 Fannery, Benjamin ; Fisher, Jacob ; Fisher, Adam ; Fiddler, Ste- 
 phen ; Foulke, Jacob ; Fry, John ; Gast, Christian ; Gay, Frederick ; 
 Gemberling, Paul ; Gemberling, Jacob ; Gill, William ; Giltner, 
 Jacob ; Gillan, Moses ; Gift, Adam ; Glass, George ; Gundy, Peter ; 
 Hafer, Andrew; Hains, John; Hampshire, John; Harmin, Henry; 
 Hassinger, Herman ; Havelock, Conrad ; Hawn, Michael ; Hen- 
 dershot, Casper ; Herrold; Simon ; Herrold, George, a grist mill ; 
 Hess, Mathias ; Hosterman, Jacob; Houser, Mathias ; Kern, Yost; 
 Kiester, Martin ; Knippenberger, Paul ; Kline, David ; Krain, 
 Hugh ; Laudenslager, Ferdy ; Lepley, Jacob ; Lever, Adam ; 
 Lower, Peter ; McAteer, Robert ; McCabe, Edward ; Magill, 
 Valentine ; Manning, Simeon, senior and junior ; Maris, William ; 
 Miller, Conrad ; Miller, Dewalt, saw-mill ; Miller, Sigamund ; 
 Mitchell, Daniel ; Mockell, Nicholas ; Molly, Anthony ; Moon, 
 John, one grist mill ; Moon, Casper, junior ; Moore, Andrew, two 
 mills ; Moyer, Jacob ; Moyer, Charles ; Mower, Michael ; Musser, 
 John ; Nees, Thomas ; Netz, Ludwig ; Oatly, Edward ; Paul, 
 Dewalt; Phillips, Benjamin ; Reed, John ; Reger, John; Reiber, 
 John ; Richter, Christena ; Rine, Henry ; Rorabaugh, Simon ; 
 Roush, Jacob ; Roush, John ; Seecrist, Christian, saw-mill ; Sherk, 
 John; Shirtz, Jacob; Shock, Jacob; Shoop, George; Snyder, 
 Christopher; Spangler, Andrew; Spengle, Zachariah; Stock, John ; 
 Stock, Peter; Stock, Michael; Stoke, George; Stum, Abraham, 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 151 
 
 junior ; Swineford, Albright, one grist and saw-mill ; Thomas, 
 John ; Trester, George ; Trester, Martin ; Trester, Jacob; Weirich, 
 William ; Weiser, Philip ; Weiser, John ; Welsh, John ; Willis, 
 John ; Wittenmyer, Andrew ; Woodrow, Simeon ; Yost, Casper ; 
 Zimmerman, Christopher. 
 
 January ist, (from minutes of Council,) Joseph Green presented his 
 claim for supplying the militia with provisions while on their expe- 
 dition up the West Branch, and an order was issued for ^1,600 to 
 Colonel Hunter for the same. 
 
 January 9th, General Potter gets leave of absence, in consequence 
 of sickness of Mrs. Potter, and Brigadier General John Lacey ap- 
 pointed to his command. 
 
 February 17th, General Wayne detached Captain William Wilson, 
 Lieutenant John Boyd, and Captain George Grant to recruit for the 
 Pennsylvania regiments in Northumberland county. At February 
 sessions, Samuel Maclay presented a petition, stating that his ser- 
 vant had enlisted in the Twelfth Pennsylvania regiment, and John 
 Thompson and William Irvine (Irish) were appointed to appraise 
 the time of said servant. February 20th, Samuel Dale, member 
 elect, took his seat in the Assembly, at Lancaster. March 9th, 
 James Murray appeared. Nothwithstanding the Indian troubles, 
 courts were held in February and in May. At the latter, John 
 Clark, John Crider, George Overmeier, Martin Dreisbach, and 
 William Irwin were appointed viewers on a petition to divide Buffalo 
 township, by a line commencing at the mouth of Beaver run, thence 
 a south-west course to Switzer run. This was never acted upon. 
 
 At August term, Stephen Chambers was admitted to the bar. On 
 the grand jury, were Albright Swineford, Elias Younkman, Henry 
 Richard, and Thomas Sutherland. At November term, Collinson 
 Read and John Vannost, were admitted to the bar. Abraham 
 Mensch, Peter Wicoff, and Wilham Clark, were jurors. 
 
 As early as Dececember, i'777, the Indians re-appeared up the 
 West Branch, and Colonel Hunter ordered out Colonel Cookson 
 Long's battalion, as he says he is an excellent good woodsman ; but 
 for all that, on the ist of January, one of the inhabitants was killed 
 and scalped, two miles above the Great Island, and eleven Indians 
 seen, who were pursued, and two killed. In consequence, the order 
 for the fifth class of militia to march to join the army was counter- 
 
^J2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 1778. 
 
 manded on the 19th. It will be recollected that the main army 
 was in camp at Valley Forge, at this time. On the ist of May, 
 General Lacey's militia command was surrounded at Crooked Billet- 
 General Lacey says, the alarm was so sudden that I had scarcely 
 time to mount my horse, before the enemy were within musket shot 
 of my quarters. He escaped, with the loss of his baggage, and thirty 
 killed and wounded. Some were butchered in a manner the most 
 brutal savages could not equal. Even while living, some were thrown 
 into the buckwheat straw, and the straw set on fire. The clothes 
 were burned on others, and scarcely one without a dozen of wounds. 
 
 From the diary of James F. Linn under date, December 2, 1845, 
 I extract the following : " Uncle David Linn told me some anec- 
 dotes of Abraham Smith, who was married to his sister Jane, and 
 who died in Ohio some years since. He was at Crooked Billet, and 
 was taken prisoner with some others. They lost four or five men by 
 shots. They knew not where they came from. At last Morrow 
 (grandfather of my brother William's widow) got sight of the man, 
 who was shooting from behind a tree. He told them to keep still, 
 and he would fix him. When the man stepped from behind the tree 
 to load, Morrow fired, and one of them saw him drop his hands 
 upon his belly, and fall forward. They lossed no more men in that 
 way. After they were taken, they were ordered to be shot as rebels. 
 The reason for shooting the prisoners was, that they were short of 
 provisions. They shot Maclay and Conner, and burned their 
 bodies in a pile of buckwheat straw. It was Smith's turn next. He 
 stood up, and kept his eye on the man who was to shoot him, until 
 he thought he was about to draw the trigger, when he dodged for- 
 ward, and the bullet took the depth of itself out of his back, op- 
 posite his breast. An officer then interfered, and stopped the shoot- 
 ing." Crooked Billet is now called Hatborough, in Montgomery 
 county, Pennsylvania. 
 
 John Dietrich Aurand (afterward Reverend) enlisted in Colonel 
 Stewart's Regiment, General Wayne's brigade. He had been learning 
 milling at his father's mill, on Turtle creek. His father sold the mill 
 this year, and, possibly, going down the country in search of employ- 
 ment, he fell in with the recruiting officer. Before his term expired 
 his father went to the army, and made an effort to secure his release, 
 on the ground of minority ; but he declined returning, and served 
 
4 
 1778.1 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. J 53 
 
 until the year 1781, when occurred the revolt of General Wayne's 
 troops, when he was honorably discharged, and returned to his 
 father's home on Turtle creek. 
 
 May 4, Colonel Cooke, twelfth regiment, under General Wayne, 
 in 'camp at Mount Joy. 5th May, Colonel John Kelly, with part of 
 his battalion, on duty in Penn's valley. May 8, Jacob Standford 
 killed at his own house, in Penn's valley, with his wife and daughter, 
 and his son, ten or eleven years old, missing.^ 
 
 May 17, General Potter writes from upper Fort, Penn's valley, 
 that he was informed by Colonel Long that a few families coming 
 to Lycoming, escorted by a party under the command of Colonel 
 Hosterman, were attacked by twelve Indians, who killed six of them, 
 and six were missing. Three men were killed, at the same time, on 
 Loyal Sock ; twenty persons killed on the North Branch. One who 
 was taken prisoner made his escape, and says the Indians are determ- 
 ined to clear the two branches of the Susquehanna this moon. He 
 says we have two forts in the Valley, and are determined to stand as 
 long as we are supported. The people were poor, and bread very 
 high. May 30, Jacob Morgan writes, that he had just returned 
 from camp at Valley Forge. He saw fifteen regiments under arms, 
 as well disciplined as any of the British troops can be. They per- 
 formed several maneuvers, with the greatest exactness and dispatch, 
 under the direction of Baron Steuben. General Washington after- 
 wards reviewed them. The British were about evacuating Philadel- 
 phia, and our army would follow. One regiment, under Arnold, 
 was to go into Philadelphia for civil service, until the Executive 
 Council could get there. 
 
 31st May, Colonel Hunter writes, "we are in a melancholy con- 
 dition.''' The back inhabitants have left their homes. All above 
 Muncy are at Samuel Wallis's. The people of Muncy are at Captain 
 Brady's. All above Lycoming are at Antes' mill and the mouth of 
 Bald Eagle. The people of Penn's valley are at one place in Potter 
 township. The inhabitants of White Deer are assembled at three 
 different places. The back settlers of Buffalo have come down to 
 the river. Penn's township people have, likewise, moved to the 
 river. All from Muncy hill to Chillisquaque have assembled at 
 three different places. Fishing creek and Mahoning settlements 
 
 ' Their graves are on Ephraim Keller's farm, west of Potter's Fort, (1872.) 
 
154 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 have come to the river side. It is really distressing to see the peo- 
 ple flying away, and leaving their all, especially the Jersey people, 
 who came up here last winter and spring. Not one stays, but sets 
 off to Jersey again." 2d June, he writes that the people have drawn 
 up a petition to Congress for relief, and Robert Fruit and Thomas 
 Jordan were set off to lay it before the Executive Council, for their 
 approval, before presenting it to Congress. 
 
 May 6, Colonel Kelly and Thomas Hewitt were appointed agents 
 of forfeited estates within the county. 
 
 June 13, Michael Campbell, of Colonel Hosterman's battalion, 
 killed by the Indians. 
 
 June 14, Colonel Hunter writes that communication between 
 Antes' mill and Big Island was cut off. 
 
 June 17, General Potter writes that Captain Pealer's company, in 
 Nittany valley, had discovered a number of tracks, leading down 
 Logan's Gap, quite fresh ; thirty in number. 
 
 July I , army moved toward New York. The twelfth Pennsylva- 
 nia, in Wayne's brigade, left wing, under General Stirling. 
 
 The " Great Runaway." 
 
 July 3d occurred the massacre at Wyoming, the news of which, 
 received on the 5 th, caused the general stampede of the settlers of 
 our Valley, called the "Great Runaway." 
 
 On the 9th, Colonel Hunter writes that both branches are nearly 
 evacuated, and Northumberland and Sunbury will be the frontier in 
 less than twenty-four hours. His letter evinces the agony of a strong 
 man, who, with all supports taken away, was determined to fall, if 
 need be, in defense of the charge committed to him. He says : 
 
 "Nothing but a firm reliance upon Divine Providence, and the 
 virtue of our neighbors, induces the few to stand that remain in the 
 two towns ; and if they are not speedily reinforced they must give 
 way; but will have this consolation, that they have stood in defence 
 of their liberty and country as long as they could. In justice to this 
 county, I must bear testimony that the States never applied to it for 
 men in vain. I am sure the State must know that we have reduced 
 ourselves to our present feeble condition by our readiness to turn 
 out, upon all occasions, when called for in defence of the common 
 cause. Should we now fall, for want of assistance, let the neighbor- 
 
.1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 155 
 
 ing counties reconcile to themselves, if they can, the breach of broth- 
 erly love, charity, and every other virtue which adorns and advances 
 the human species above the brute creation. I will not attempt to 
 point out the particular cruelties or barbarities that have been prac- 
 tised on our unhappy inhabitants, but assure you that, for the num- 
 ber, history affords no instance of more heathenish cruelty or savage 
 barbarity than has been exhibited in this county." 
 
 July 12, Matthew Smith writes from Paxton, (Harrisburg,) that 
 he had "just arrived at Harris' Ferry, and beheld the greatest scenes 
 of distress I ever saw. It was crowded with people who had come 
 down the river, leaving everything." 
 
 Same day, Peter DeHaven writes, from Hummelstown : " This day 
 there were twenty or thirty passed through this town from Buffalo 
 Valley and Sunbury, and the people inform me that there are two 
 hundred wagons on the road coming down. I was at Mr. Elder's 
 meeting to-day, and Colonel Clark and Colonel Rodgers made an 
 appeal to the inhabitants to turn out one himdred volunteers," &c. 
 
 A letter written by William Maclay, from Paxton, on the 12th, 
 gives a very graphic picture of the distress. " I left Sunbury, and 
 almost my whole property, on Wednesday last. I will not trouble 
 you with a recital of the inconveniences I suffered while I brought 
 my family, by water, to this place. I never in my life saw such 
 scenes of distress. The river and the roads leading down it were 
 covered with men, women, and children, flying for their lives. In 
 short, Northumberland county is broken up. Colonel Hunter only 
 remained, using his utmost endeavors to rally .the inhabitants to make 
 a stand. I left him with few. I cannot 'speak confidently as to 
 numbers, but he had not a hundred men on whom he could depend. 
 Mrs. Hunter came down with me. As he is now disencumbered of 
 his family, I am convinced that he will do everything that can be 
 expected from a brave and determined man. It was to no purpose, 
 Colonel Hunter issued orders for the assembling of the militia. The 
 whole county broke loose. Something, in the way of charity, ought 
 to be done for the many miserable objects that crowd the banks of 
 this river, especially those who fled from Wyoming. You know I 
 did not use to love them, but I now pity their distress." 
 
 (Plunket and Maclay were the leading land proprietors who were 
 affected by the Connecticut claim.) 
 
i5(> ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 Colonel Hunter, in another letter, dated later in the day of the 
 1 2th, says : "The towns of Sunbury and Northumberland are the fron- 
 tiers, where a few virtuous inhabitants and fugitives seem determined 
 to stand, though doubtful whether to-morrow's sun shall rise on them 
 freemen, captives, or in eternity !" 
 
 A letter dated Lancaster, 14th July, from Bertram Galbraith, 
 says : '' On Sunday morning last, the banks of the Susquehanna, 
 from Middletown up to the Blue mountain, were entirely clad with 
 the inhabitants of Northumberland county, who had moved off, as 
 well as many in the river in boats, canoes, and on rafts. This I 
 had from Captain Abraham Scott, a man of veracity, who was up at 
 Garber's mills for his sister, the wife of Colonel Samuel Hunter, 
 and spake with a lieutenant, who was in the action at Wyoming. 
 He also seen six of the wounded men brought down." 
 
 Robert Covenhoven, (Crownover,) describing the scene nearer 
 home, says : "I took my own family safely to Sunbury, and came 
 back in a keel-boat to secure my furniture. Just as I rounded a 
 point above Derrstown, now Lewisburg, I met the whole convoy 
 from all the forts above. Such a sight I never saw in my life. 
 Boats, canoes, hog-troughs, rafts hastily made of dry sticks, every 
 sort of floating article, had been put in requisition, and were 
 crowded with women, children, and plunder. The re. were several 
 hundred people in all. Whenever any obstruction occurred at any 
 shoal or ripple, the women would leap out into the water and put 
 their shoulders to the boat or raft and launch it again into deep 
 water. The men of the settlement came down in single file, on 
 each side of the river, to guard the women and children. The 
 whole convoy arrived safely at Sunbury, leaving the entire range of 
 farms along the West Branch to the ravages of the Indians." 
 
 At this time occurred the death of John Michael Bashor. Mi- 
 chael Weyland, who survived many years afterwards, often related 
 the story to my informant. He said it was at the time of the Great 
 Runaway ; and as Bashor's name is dropped from the assessment of 
 1778, it, no doubt, occurred in the first week in July, 1778. I can 
 find no allusion in the Archives, or in any other written record, to 
 the event, which is to be accounted for from the confusion occur- 
 ring at that time. Bashor came to the Valley in 1774, and in June 
 of that year purchased a part of the "Jacob Rees' " tract, near 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 157 
 
 New Columbia, of Hawkins Boone. In April, 1777, he sold it 
 again to Richard Irwin, and moved down upon the place of his 
 father-in-law, Peter Swartz, senior, who owned the land from Doc- 
 tor Dougal's nearly up to John Datisman's. Weyland said, him- 
 self and another person pushed a boat over from the east side and 
 took up Bashor's goods, and then pushed out into the river. Bashor 
 went to the stable and got a horse, and attempted to drive some 
 cattle down along the shore. When he got down to the bluff that 
 comes out to the river, at the present limekiln of Honorable George 
 F. Miller, just by a red oak, that was still standing a few years since, 
 he was fired upon by some Indians in ambush and killed. Wey- 
 land and his comrade, who were lying down in the boat, rose to 
 fire, and Weyland was struck on the lip with a spent ball, the mark 
 of which he carried to his grave. He said Bashor was buried on 
 the river bank. I. D. Rupp, who is a descendant of the Bashor 
 family, wrote me that the bloody clothes of John Bashor were still 
 preserved in the garret of his grandfather's house, in Bethel town- 
 ship, Berks county, as late as 1820; and that he talked with a 
 brother of John Bashor, who said he recollected of his brother's 
 corpse being brought home. He said, also, his uncle, Martin 
 Bashor, who used to live near McKee's Half-Falls, told him that 
 John was killed near Georgetown, and a man named Reedy was in 
 company with him. This is certainly a mistake. It shows how 
 uncertain, as to dates and places, tradition is. 
 
 John Bashor's daughter, Catherine, married Jacob Wolfe, son of 
 George Wolfe, one of the first settlers of our Valley. Her children 
 were Samuel Wolfe, late of Lewisburg, Michael, Jacob, and Jona- 
 than, still living at Lewisburg. 
 
 Albert Pohlhemus and wife, driven off from Muncy, both died 
 at Northumberland. They left seven small children, who became 
 charges upon the public. One of them was bound to Elias Younk- 
 man; some to William Thompson. Court ordered them to be 
 brought up in the Presbyterian form of worship. 
 
 Paul Fisher (of Slifer) tells me that at the time Bashor was killed, 
 his grandfather, John Fisher, lived at Esquire Datisman's. The In- 
 dians burned Peter Swartz's house, and killed a man named Ayres, 
 near White Deer creek. His grandfather, with his two sisters, con- 
 cealed themselves in the straw in their barn, and expected every mo- 
 
iS8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 ment to be burned up in it ; but the Indians went into Hoffman's 
 house, just above, and carried out a good many articles, among the rest 
 a clock. They seated themselves to examine the clock, when Aaron 
 Norcross, John Fisher, junior, and others who had gathered, hallooed 
 and startled them off, leaving their plunder. This old clock is still 
 in the possession of Jacob Hoffman, living up near the Muncy hills. 
 
 David Quinn, Esquire, of Chicago, grandson of Terrence Quinn, 
 has furnished me with an interesting incident of this attack of the 
 Indians in Dry valley. He says, ' ' my great grandfather Corinnius 
 Michael, an old soldier of the days of Frederick the Great, emi- 
 grated to America, prior to the Revolution, and brought with him 
 two daughters. What became of the youngest, after her arrival, for 
 some time, is now unknown ; but the oldest, Mary, was sold for a 
 term of years, as was the custom in those days, to pay her passage 
 over. While residing with the family that purchased her in Lancas- 
 ter, Pennsylvania, my grandfather, Terrence Quinn, formed her 
 acquaintance, purchased her unexpired time, and married her. In 
 1778, they had four little children, and the other sister, unmarried, 
 was living with them. The night the Indians entered the Valley, 
 the news was spread through a system of alarms previously arranged; 
 and those who received warning, fled precipitately. My grandfather 
 and family ran in one direction, and my grandaunt in another. 
 
 "■ They were thus separated, and continued separated for fifty-two 
 years, each one supposing the other had been tomahawked. At the 
 end of this long period, one of my grandmother's neighbors, whose 
 name I have forgotten, was traveling in the Mahanoy valley, at a 
 time when the stream was so swollen that she was compelled to stop 
 at a farm house for shelter. While here, she fell into conversation 
 about friends and relatives with an old woman, who proved to be 
 the grandmother of the house full of children, and the mother of 
 John Lechman, the proprietor of the premises. The old lady re- 
 lated the story of her kindred, and among other things remarked, 
 that she once had a sister, but she had been killed by the Indians, 
 in a place called Dry valley, more than fifty years ago. A little 
 more conversation developed who she was, and the joyful informa- 
 tion, that her visitor was a neighbor of her sister, and she was still 
 alive, and lived on Turtle creek, near Lewisburg. The traveler re- 
 turned, and told her story. Before the sun had risen over Montour's 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 159 
 
 ridge the next morning, Mary Quinn, though in her ninetieth year, 
 was on her way to see her long lost sister. They met, but not as 
 they parted. Each frame, now bent with the weight of years, em- 
 braced its kindred, long mourned as dead. Such a meeting, who 
 can describe ? The sacred pensman of the history of Joseph, alone. 
 It was their final meeting, too ; but they are now where there are 
 no partings." 
 
 (1872.) . Philip Seebold told me he often heard old Mrs. Fought 
 tell of this raid. She said, they were threshing flax on their place, 
 where the road through Chappel's Hollow comes out into Dry val- 
 ley, when the Indians came upon them suddenly. Her baby was 
 near her, and she picked it up and ran. Another child, that could 
 just run about, was back of their little barn. She heard it call, '■' O 
 mother, take me along, too." She looked around, and the Indians 
 were close upon her. She ran the whole way, two miles, to Penn's 
 creek, to a house where the neighbors had gathered. She never 
 heard of her child again; but as there was no indication that it was 
 killed, she hoped for its return some day. At night and in the quiet 
 hours of the day, the last words of her child, " O mother, take me 
 along, too," she said, rang in her ears, long years after. 
 
 She said the house they took refuge in, was surrounded by the 
 
 Indians. They suffered from thirsty and a man named Peter 
 
 said he would have water, if he died for it. They allowed him to go 
 out, and as he turned the corner of the house, a rifle cracked, and 
 he fell dead. The next day the Indians withdrew, and they em- 
 barked in canoes, and went down Penn's creek. On the Isle of Que, 
 she said, she went into a house, and found no one about. A baby 
 sat propped up m a cradle. On close inspection, she found it was 
 dead, and the marks of the tomahawk. 
 
 Incidents of the Battle of Monmouth. 
 
 Captain William Wilson Potter, of Bellefonte, has the flag of the 
 Royal Grenadiers, captured on the field of Monmouth, by his (ma- 
 ternal) grandfather, the late Judge William Wilson, of Chillisquaque 
 Mills, Northumberland county, Pennsylvania. 
 
 The ground or main surface is lemon, or light yellow, heavy 
 corded silk; five feet four inches by four feet eight ; corresponding. 
 
i6o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 in proportions, with the flag of the seventh regiment, surrendered, 
 among others, by Cornwallis, at Yorktown, and presented, by order 
 of Congress, to General Washington, lately in the museum at Alex- 
 andria, Virginia, but eight inches less in size ; the latter being six 
 feet long, and five feet four inches wide. 
 
 The device at the upper right corner is twenty inches square, 
 and is that of the English Union, which distinguishes the Royal 
 standard of Great Britain. It is composed of the Cross of Saint 
 George, to denote England, and Saint Andrew's Cross, in the form 
 of an X, to denote Scotland. This device was placed in the corner 
 of the Royal flag, after the accession of James the Sixth of Scotland 
 to the throne of England, as James the First. The field of the device 
 is blue, the central stripes (Cross of Saint George) red, the marginal 
 ones white. It wants the Crown and Garter, and full blown rose in 
 the centre, of the Alexandria flag. 
 
 The flag has the appearance of having been wrenched from the 
 staff, and has a few old dust marks on the device ; otherwise it looks 
 as bright and new as if it had just come from the gentle fingers that 
 made it, although ninety -nine years have rolled away since its golden 
 folds drooped in the sultry air of that June-day battle. 
 
 The battle of Monmouth occurred on the 28th of June, 1778 ; a 
 fearfully hot day, evinced by the fact that fifty-nine of the British 
 soldiers died of heat, without receiving a wound. This flag was cap- 
 tured near the old parsonage of the Freehold, New Jersey, church, 
 where the hottest of the fighting was. A short description of that 
 portion of the engagement will interest many : 
 
 After General Lee's retreat was checked by General Washington, 
 in person, the latter formed a new line for his advanced troops, and 
 put Lee again in command. General Washington then rode back to 
 the main body, and formed it on an eminence, with a road in the 
 rear and a morass in the front. The left was commanded by Lord 
 Stirling, with a detachment of artillery; Lafayette, With Wayne, 
 was posted in the center, partly in an orchard, and partly sheltered 
 by a barn ; General Greene was on the right, with his artillery, under 
 General Knox, posted on commanding ground. General Lee main- 
 tained his advanced position as long as he could, himself coming off 
 with his rear across a road, which traversed the morass in front of 
 Stirling's troops. The British followed sharp, and, meeting with a 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. i6i 
 
 warm reception, endeavored to turn the left flank, but were driven 
 back. They then tried the right, but were met by General Greene's 
 forces, and heavy discharges from Knox's artillery, which not only 
 checked them, but raked the whole length of the columns in front 
 of the left wing. Then came a determined effort to break the cen- 
 ter, maintained by General Wayne and the Pennsylvania regiments, 
 and the Royal Grenadiers, the flower of the British army, were 
 ordered to do it. They advanced several times, crossing a hedge 
 row in front of the morass, and were driven back. Colonel Monck- 
 ton, their commander, then made a speech to his men, (the troops 
 at the parsonage and those in the orchard heard his ringing voice 
 above the storm of the battle,) and, forming the Grenadiers in solid 
 column, advanced to the charge like troops on parade, the men 
 marching with such precision that a ball from Comb's hill, enfilading 
 a platoon, disarmed every man. 
 
 Wayne ordered his men to reserve their fire, and the British came 
 on in silence within a few rods, when Monckton waived his sword 
 above his head, and ordered his Grenadiers to charge ; simultane- 
 ously, Wayne ordered his men to fire, and a terrible volley laid low 
 the front ranks, and most of the officers. The colors were in ad- 
 vance, to the right, with the colonel, and they went down with him. 
 Captain Wilson and his company, who were on the right of the 
 first Pennsylvania, made a rush for the colors and the body of the 
 colonel. The Grenadiers fought desperately, and a hand to hand 
 struggle ensued, but the Pennsylvanians secured his body and the 
 colors. The Grenadiers gave way, the whole British army fell back 
 to Lee's position in the morning, and decamped so quietly in the 
 night that General Poor, who laid near them, with orders to re- 
 commence the battle in the morning, was not aware of their de- 
 parture. 
 
 Colonel Monckton was a gallant officer. He had been lieuenant 
 colonel in the battle of Long Island, where he was shot through the 
 body, but recovered. He was buried, the day after the battle, in 
 the Freehold church- yard, about six feet from the west end of the 
 building. The only monument that marks his grave is a plain 
 board, painted red, upon which is painted in black letters, "Hie 
 Jacet, Col. Monckton, killed 28th June, 1778. W. R. W." By a 
 note-worthy coincidence in name, this board was prepared and set 
 11 
 
ib2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 up by a Scotch school-master, named Wilson, who taught the 
 young people in the school-house near the old meeting-house. 
 
 Chappel's painting of this battle represents the scene as Monck- 
 ton fell, and the fearful hand to hand fight over his body ; and the 
 little old-fashioned sword looks as if it might have been painted 
 from the original, now in the possession of Mrs. Abram S. Wilson, 
 of Lewistown, Pennsylvania. On the left is the old parsonage. Be- 
 yond it the morass, (now, 1872, good meadow land with a fine stream 
 of water running through it,) extending right and left. On the right 
 is the rising ground from which the Grenadiers made their charge. 
 
 The. sword had many adventures, and never got back to its 
 captor in his hfe time. (Judge Wilson died in 1813, and is buried 
 in the Presbyterian church-yard, in Northumberland. He was as- 
 sociate judge of Northumberland, from 1792 until his death, when 
 he was succeeded by the late Honorable Andrew Albright.) Captain 
 Wilson gave it to General Wayne, who presented it to General La- 
 fayette, who took it with him to Europe, retained it all through 
 the upheavals &.nd riots of the French revolution, his captivity in a 
 dungeon at Olmutz, and brought it with him to America in 1824, 
 when he visited America, upon the invitation of the United States 
 Government. It is a remarkable instance of his thoughfulness that, 
 after the lapse of nearly half a century, he desired to restore it in 
 person to Captain Wilson. He made inquiries in Philadelphia for 
 him, and' not being able to hear anything of him, he left it with 
 old Captaiii Hunter, with express directions to restore it to Cap- 
 tain Wilson, or if dead, to some of his family. After some years 
 Captain Hunter, found out through Mrs. Billington, of Sunbury, 
 that Judge A. S. Wilson was a son of Captain Wilson, and had the 
 pleasure of delivering the sword to the judge, the next time he 
 went to Philadelphia. 
 
 The flag was always in the possession of Judge Wilson, senior, 
 and his family. I can recollect well, at least thirty- five years ago, 
 when his son William used to display it on the 4th of July, at 
 Lewisburg and Milton, make a speech about it, and then have a 
 salute fired from sheriff Brady's cannon, brought from Fort Free- 
 land. 
 
 Mrs. John B. Linn, of Bellefonte, has a very fine oil portrait of 
 her grandfather. Captain William Wilson, taken sixty or seventy 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ibj 
 
 years ago, pronounced by aged people about Northumberland an 
 excellent likeness. 
 
 On the 1 6th of July, Colonel Brodhead's regiment, on its way 
 to Fort Pitt, was ordered to the West Branch; part of Colonel 
 Hartley's regiment was on its way to Sunbury, and the militia 
 were ordered up from Lancaster and Berks, and the people came 
 back to reap their crops. July 24th, Colonel Brodhead, then at 
 Muncy, detached a captain and twenty-four men into Penn's val- 
 ley to protect the reapers at General Potter's place. General Pot- 
 ter writes from Penn's valley, on the 25 th, that " the inhabitants of 
 the valley are returned, and were cutting their grain. He left Sun- 
 bury last Sunday afternoon, and the people were returning to all 
 parts of the county. Yesterday, two men of Captain Finley's com- 
 pany, of Colonel Brodhead's regiment, went out from this place 
 on the plains a little below my fields, and met a party of Indians, 
 five in number, whom they engaged. One of the soldiers, Thomas 
 Van Doran, was shot dead ; the other, Jacob Shedacre, ran about 
 four hundred yards, and was pursued by one of the Indians. They 
 attacked each other with their knives, and our excellent soldier 
 killed his antagonist. His fate was hard, for another Indian came 
 up and shot him. He and the, Indian lay within a perch of each 
 other. These two soldiers served with Colonel Morgan in the last 
 campaign." James Alexander, who, in after years, farmed the Old 
 Fort farms, near Centre Hall, casually kicked up a hunting knife, 
 so rusted as to indicate that it might have belonged either to the 
 Indian or the soldier killed. Two stones were put up to mark the 
 spot on William Henning's place, near Old Fort. 
 
 August I, Colonel Hartley was in command at Sunbury, with his 
 regulars and two hundred militia. On the 8th he was at Muncy, 
 Colonel Brodhead's regiment having resumed its march to Fort 
 Pitt. Lieutenant Samuel Brady belonged to this regiment — the 
 eighth — in which he was appointed Captain July 28, 1780. 
 
 Sunbury, August i. General Potter writes: "I came here last 
 week to station, the militia. I found General deHaas here, who 
 said he commanded all the troops. The next day Colonel Hartley 
 came and showed me his orders to command the troops, and po- 
 litely requested me to take the command, which I declined, as I 
 never was very fond of command, and this is a disagreeable one. 
 
j64 annals of buffalo valley. [1778- 
 
 I rather chose to act as a private gentleman, and do all the good in 
 my power J but people will make observations." 
 
 August 8, James Brady was killed above Loyal Sock. Colonel 
 Hartley relates the circumstance as follows : A corporal and four 
 men of his regiment, with three militia, were ordered to guard four- 
 teen reapers and cradlers who went to cut the grain of Peter Smith, 
 who had his wife ^ and four children killed by the Indians. On 
 Friday they cut the greater part, and intended to complete the work 
 next morning. Four of the reapers improperly moved off that 
 night. The rest went to work — the cradlers, four in number, by 
 themselves, near the house ; the reapers somewhat distant. The 
 reapers, except Brady, placed their guns around a tree. Brady 
 thought this wrong, and put his at some distance from the rest. 
 The morning was very foggy, and an hour after sunrise the sentry 
 and reapers were surprised by a number of Indians, under cover of 
 the fog. The sentry retired towards the reapers, and they in turn 
 fell back. Brady ran towards his rifle, and was pursued by three 
 Indians, and, within a few rods of it, was wounded. He ran for 
 some distance, and then fell. He received another wound with a 
 spear, and was tomahawked and scalped in an instant. The sentry 
 fired, but was shot down, as also a militia-man. Young Brady, 
 who is an exceeding fine young fellow, soon after, rose and came 
 to the house. Jerome Vanness ventured to remain with him ; the 
 others fled. There were thirty Indians, supposed to be Mingoes. 
 Brady wanted Vanness to leave him, but he would not do it. He 
 assisted him to the river, where he drank a great deal of water. 
 Captain Walker and a party came up from the fort at Muncy. 
 When they approached, Brady, supposing them to be Indians, 
 sprang to his feet and cocked his gun. They made a bier and car- 
 ried him to Sunbury, where his mother then was. Robert Coven- 
 hoven was one of the party. On the way he became delirious, and 
 drank large quantities of water. It was late at night when they got 
 there, and they did not intend to arouse his mother. But she had 
 fears that something had happened, and met them at the river. He 
 was a fearful looking object, and the meeting with his mother was 
 heart-rending. He lived five days, the first four being delirious ; 
 but on the fifth his reason returned, and he related the whole cir- 
 
 1 Peter Smith's farm was on Turkey run, across the river from Williamsport. 
 
1778.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 165 
 
 cumstance distinctly. He said Bald Eagle belonged to the party, 
 who was afterwards killed by Captain Samuel Brady, on the Alle- 
 gheny. James Brady was buried at Fort Augusta, but his grave 
 has, with that of many others, been long since plowed over. 
 
 August 8, the justices of the court, through Thomond Ball, deputy 
 prothonotary, notify the president of the State Council that busi- 
 ness is much impeded for want of an attorney to prosecute for the 
 Commonwealth ; that it was the second court at which no State 
 attorney had appeared, and many persons had to be admitted to 
 bail; that the long suspension of justice, from February, 1776, to 
 November, 1777, had rendered the people licentious enough, and a 
 further delay of executing the laws must lead them to lengths too 
 difficult to be recalled ; tippling-house keepers, the notorious pro- 
 moters of vice and immorality, remained unpunished, though fre- 
 quently returned, for want of an indictment ; that there were two 
 prisoners for murder, one was admitted to bail and the other in 
 close confinement, who should be brought to trial. In August, bill 
 found against Isaac Webb for misprision of treason. 
 
 September i. Captain John Brady returned to the army. 
 
 2ist September. As some of our settlers took a very prominent 
 part in Colonel Hartley's expedition, it is worthy of a short sketch. 
 It left Muncy on the 21st, two hundred rank and file strong, at four, 
 A. M., with twelve days provisions. Great rains, swamps, mount- 
 ains, and defiles impeded the march. They waded or swam the 
 Lycoming creek twenty times. On the morning of the 26th, the 
 advance party of nineteen men met an equal number of Indians. 
 Our people had the first fire, and an important Indian chief was 
 killed and scalped ; the rest fled. A few miles further, they came 
 upon a camp where seventy Indians lay the night before. These 
 also fled. They then pressed on to Tioga, now Athens, Bradford 
 county. They burned Tioga, Queen Esther's palace and town. 
 On the 28th, they crossed the river and marched towards Wyalu- 
 sing, where they arrived at eleven o'clock that night. Here seventy 
 of the men took to the canoes and the rest marched by land. Lieut. 
 Sweeney commanded the rear guard of thirty men, besides five 
 scouts under Captain Campleton. The advance guard consisted of 
 an officer and fifteen men. At two o'clock, a heavy attack was 
 made on the rear, which gave way. At this critical moment Cap- 
 
i66 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1778. 
 
 tains Boone and Brady, and Lieutenant King, with a few brave fel- 
 lows, landed from the canoes, joined Sweeney, and renewed the 
 action. They advanced on the enemy on all sides, with great noise 
 and shouting, when the Indians fled, leaving their dead, (ten.). 
 The expedition arrived at Sunbury on the 5 th of October, having 
 performed a circuit of three hundred miles, and brought off fifty 
 head of cattle, twenty-eight canoes, &c. 
 
 November 9, Colonel Hartley writes from Sunbury that the 
 enemy had come down and invested Wyoming, and destroyed the 
 settlements on the North Branch as far as Nescopeck. About 
 seventy Indians were seen twenty-two miles from here yesterday, 
 advancing towards the forks of the Chillisquaque creek. They took 
 some prisoners yesterday. 
 
 14th, he writes from Fort Jenkins that he is advancing towards 
 Wyoming. 
 
 December 4, John Macpherson bought the Andrew Gibson place 
 and ferry, now Cauley's, Winfield. 
 
 In the fall of 1778, as a party of settlers were leaving Fort Free- 
 land, they were fired at, and Mrs. Durham's infant was killed in her 
 arms. They scalped her, and when the men came there, she raised 
 up and asked for a drink of water. Elias Williams ran to the river 
 and brought his hat full. They put her in a canoe and took her to 
 Northumberland, where Dr. Plunket dressed her wounds, and she 
 lived for fifty years afterwards. She is buried in the Warrior Run 
 grave-yard. 
 
 The mill of Samuel Fisher, who resided on what is now Kaufman 
 furnace tract, was burned this tall, it was said, by some settlers, to 
 get nails, the place having been abandoned. In a letter, in Decem- 
 ber, Colonel Hunter expresses great regret at Colonel Hartley's 
 departure. He says he made the very best possible use of his troops. 
 He complains of the forestallers of grain, whom he looks upon as 
 worse than savages, for raising the price of grain upon the people. 
 
 December i, Joseph Reed elected President of the State, Cham- 
 bers, Dale, and Himrod voting for him. 
 
i^^9- 
 
 Death of Captain John Brady — Indian Outrages in the Valley— John 
 Sample and Wife Killed— Capture of Fort Freeland — Death of 
 Captain Hawkins Boone. 
 
 [RESIDENT of the State, Joseph Reed. Councillor, 
 John Hambright. Members of Assembly, Samuel Dale, 
 Robert Martin, and William Montgomery. Presiding 
 iH Justice, Thomas Hewitt. Prothonotary, David Harris. 
 Officers elected in October : Sheriff, Major James Crawford ; Cor- 
 oner, John Foster ; County Commissioners, Walter Clark and Wil- 
 liam Mackey ; Assessors, Albright Swineford, Peter Kester, William 
 Clark, etc. 
 
 Buffalo : Constable, Joseph Taveler ; Supervisors, Casper Bower 
 and Alexander McGrady ; Overseers, Ludwig Derr and James Mc- 
 Celvey. 
 
 White Deer: Constable, James Pollock; Supervisors, Thomas 
 Leckey and James McClenachan; Overseers, Thomas Hutchinson 
 and Philip Stover. 
 
 At February sessions, Jacob Links was licensed, the first tavern in 
 Derrstown. 
 
 25th March, Joseph McHarge made affidavit before the court, 
 that he, with others of Colonel Cooke's twelfth Pennsylvania regi- 
 ment, was taken prisoner at Piscataway, (loth May, 1777 that he 
 was carried to New York, compelled to take the oath of allegiance, 
 and sent on board the vessel that carried General Howe's baggage to 
 Philadelphia, whence he made his escape in disguise ; that his sight 
 had failed him, and, on account of bodily infirmity, he could not go 
 
 i6y 
 
i68 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1779. 
 
 back into service. Tlie court discharged him. Some companies of 
 the twelfth were now in General St. Clair's division, first brigade. 
 St. Clair complained to the Council, which ordered Justice Hewitt 
 to deliver him over to the military authorities. 
 
 nth April, Captain John Brady was killed. He was born in the 
 State of Delaware, in 1733. His father, Hugh, an emigrant from 
 Ireland, first settled in Delaware, and then removed to within five 
 miles of Shippensburg, Pennsylvania. John Brady married Mary 
 Quigley, and their eldest son, Samuel, was born in Shippensburg, in 
 1758. He was a surveyor and pioneer in the settlements, and lived 
 at Standing Stone, now Huntingdon, in 1768, when his son. Gen- 
 eral Hugh, and twin sister, Jennie, were born. In 1769 he came 
 over on the West Branch, and settled on what is still the property of 
 Honorable George Kremer's heirs, opposite Strohecker's landing, 
 below Lewisburg, where he resided until the fall of 1776, when he 
 removed to a place a -little above Muncy, and built upon it. Octo- 
 ber 14, 1776, he was appointed captain in the twelfth Pennsylvania, 
 and was wounded severely in the battle of Brandy wine. 
 
 I copy McCabe's account, published many years ago in the Blairs- 
 ville (Indiana county) Record. For General Hugh Brady's account, 
 see 1783. McCabe, no doubt, received his version from William P. 
 Brady, senior : 
 
 " It became necessary to go up the river some distance to procure 
 supplies for the fort, and Captain John Brady, taking with him a 
 wagon team and guard, went himself, and procured what could be 
 had. On his return in the afternoon, riding a fine mare, and within 
 a short distance of the fort, where the road forked, and being some 
 distance behind the team and guard, and in conversation with a man 
 named Peter Smith, he recommended Smith not to take the road the 
 wagon had, but the other, as it was shorter. They traveled on to- 
 gether, until they came near a run where the same road joined. 
 Brady observed, ' This would be a good place for Indians to secrete 
 themselves.' Smith said, 'Yes.' That instant three rifles cracked, 
 and Brady fell. The mare ran past Smith, who threw himself on 
 her, and was carried in a few seconds to the fort. The people in the 
 fort heard- the rifles, and, seeing Smith on the mare, coming at full 
 speed, all ran to ask for Captain Brady, his wife along, or rather 
 before the rest. Smith replied, * In heaven or hell, or on his way 
 
1779.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ibg 
 
 to Tioga ;' meaning he was either dead or a prisoner to the Indians. 
 Those in the fort ran to the spot. They found the Captain lying in 
 the road, his scalp taken off, his rifle gone, but the Indians were in 
 such haste that they had not taken either his watch or his shot pouch." 
 
 Jasper E. Brady, Esquire, told me, in 1870, that some thirty years 
 before, when General Hugh Brady visited him at Chambersburg, 
 some old citizen,»in conversation with him, asked him whether he 
 ever knew John Montour. He became very much excited, and 
 said, "Yes, he is the damned scoundrel that killed my father." I 
 am unable to reconcile this with the fact that General Brady, in his 
 account of his father's' death, (postea, 1783,) says nothing about it. 
 Besides, Heckewelder's letter, the proper date of which is April 28, 
 (see Pennsylvania Archives, Appendix, 1790, page iii,) from Con- 
 shocking, which was in the lower part of Ohio, says that John Mon- 
 tour had come there from the Wyandotte town, (now Sandusky, 
 Ohio,) and from a council near Detroit, where the English commander 
 had ordered his arrest as a spy, and the men had followed him nine 
 days. The whole letter shows that he must have been about Detroit, 
 four hundred miles, as the crow flies, from where Captain Brady was 
 killed, on the nth of April. Further, on the first of July, as appears 
 by Colonel Brodhead's letter, ibid., page 134, Captain Samuel Brady 
 and John Montour had left Fort Pitt with a party to capture Simon 
 Girty and seven Mingoes, who were on a raid. He would hardly 
 have consorted with the murderer of his father. Heckewelder, in 
 a letter of 30th of June, to Colonel Brodhead, says, " John Montour 
 is to be looked upon as without deceit." Captain Brady's death is 
 not mentioned in any contemporary written record that I have been 
 able to find. It is possible it was the result of revenge, but most 
 likely it was an attack by one of the marauding parties that preceded 
 McDonald and his rangers. 
 
 Mishael Lincoln (grandfather of R. V. B. Lincoln, Esquire) said 
 he was in the fort when Captain Brady was killed, and assisted in 
 carrying in his body. Captain Brady made surveys in Buffalo and 
 White Deer valleys. I have, perhaps, the only autograph of him in 
 existence, attached to an old survey of date 1770. 
 
 The accounts of John Montour are conflicting. Meginness says 
 he was wounded at Fort Freeland, 29 th July, and died and was 
 buried at Painted Post a few days after. Nevertheless, he was alive 
 
^70 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1779. 
 
 on the 1 2th of December, 1779. See Colonel Brodhead's letter, 
 ibid., 197. 
 
 Colonel Kelly used to relate that one of the Montours released 
 two American prisoners and conducted them safely to within a few 
 miles of Northumberland, and the ungrateful scoundrels killed him 
 there ; and he pointed out where he was buried, near a clump of 
 trees that stood to the left of the road, a short distance below what 
 is now known as " Molly Bullion's spring." 
 
 26th April, Michael Lepley, of Penn's township, aged 41, killed at 
 Fort Freeland. Jacob Speese, in a certificate dated the 26th of 
 June, 1786, states that he was stationed therewith a party of militia. 
 He was a lieutenant in command, and on the request of Mr. Me- 
 Knight, he sent a guard of six men to go with him to his plantation, 
 a short distance from the fort. 
 
 Aaron K. Gift, Esquire, of Middleburg, furnished me with the 
 following narrative of this occurrence, as related by his grandfather, 
 Jeremiah Gift, who died at an advanced age, in 1843. The Gift, 
 Herrold, and Lepley families came to Middle Creek valley in the 
 year 1771. John Adam Gift, (great-grandfather of A. K.,) settled 
 on the left bank of Middle creek, three miles west of where Middle- 
 burg now stands ; owned and occupied the farm now owned by 
 John H. Walter. His three sons were Jacob, Anthony, and Jere- 
 miah. The militia were then drawn in classes. Jacob had been 
 drawn, and served a tour in the eastern part of the State. The lot 
 in 1779 fell upon John Adam, the father. Jacob insisted on serving 
 
 in his stead. Michael Lepley and Herrold were drawn at the 
 
 same time. They were stationed at Fort Freeland, near which 
 lived a family named McKnight, father and son. They secured a 
 guard consisting of fourteen persons, among whom were Jacob Gift, 
 Michael Lepley, and Herrold, to go to milk their cows. The cows 
 were driven into a pen, and while milking, they were surprised by 
 a party of thirty Indians, who fired upon them. They were so 
 completely surprised, they could make very little resistance. Lep- 
 ley, with others, and old Mr. McKnight, were killed. Herrold ran 
 for the fort. As he ran along a field which sloped towards the fort, 
 the soldiers in the fort heard the report of a rifle, and saw him fall, 
 and an Indian scalp him. Jacob Gift also tried to make his escape, 
 but was overtaken. When the pursuing soldiers came up, they 
 
1779.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ij^ 
 
 found evidence of a hard fight ; the ground was bloody, his rifle 
 broken in pieces, and himself tomahawked and scalped. He had 
 sold his life as dear as possible. Young McKnight was the only 
 one who escaped. He jumped Warrior run, and a tomahawk struck 
 the top rail of the fence just after he cleared it. He was the only 
 one left to tell the tale. Upon Jacob Gift's father the stroke fell 
 heavy. He said, " It was my lot to go, but my son went and gave 
 his life for mine." Michael Lepley left a widow, Mary A., and 
 some children. She drew a pension for many years afterwards. 
 
 In May, John Sample and wife were killed. The inhabitants had 
 mostly left the Valley. The mihtia were out, under Colonel Kelly. — 
 William Lyon's letter, May 13. This marauding party consisted 
 of from fifteen to seventeen Indians. Christian Van Gundy, senior, 
 was one of a party, with Henry Vandyke, who went up to bring 
 these old people away. (They lived on a farm lately owned by 
 Abram Leib, near Ramsay's school-house, in White Deer, where 
 their graves may still be seen.) Van Gundy was a sergeant, and 
 had six men in his party. Six more were to follow them the next 
 day. After Van Gundy got there, he had slabs put up against the 
 door, and water carried upon the loft. After dark an Indian came 
 around the house, barking like a dog, and rubbing against the door. 
 They paid no attention, but lay down, and slept until about three, 
 A. M., when Van Gundy got up, and lighted a fire. The Indians 
 then surrounded the house, and, mounting a log on their shoulders, 
 tried to beat in the door. Those inside then fired, wounding two, 
 whom they saw carried off. An Indian then came around behind 
 the house, and set it on fire. Van Gundy mounted the loft, knocked 
 off some Qf the roof, and put out the fire. In this encounter he was 
 struck on the leg by a spent ball, which marked him for some time. 
 Another of the party had his side whiskers shot off. When daylight 
 came they put it to vote, whether they should remain in the house or 
 try to get off. Two voted to stay, four to go. On opening the door 
 they found an Indian chief lying dead in front of it. Van Gundy 
 took the Indian's rifle, Vandyke his powder horn, (which was still 
 in the possession of John Vandyke, in Illinois, some years ago.) 
 The Indians came on suddenly, with loud yells, and the men sepa- 
 rated. Van Gundy, with his two guns, took into a ravine, and tried 
 to get the old people to follow him. They refused, and followed 
 
172 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1779. 
 
 the young folks, one of whom, Adam Ranck used to say, was their 
 son. Van Gundy said he soon heard several shots. These killed 
 the old people, who were scalped, and left lie. 
 
 The Indians followed them several miles. Van Gundy said he 
 never expected to get out alive, but with his two guns he thought he 
 could kill two at least. He made a circuit of seven miles, and came 
 out at Derr's mill. Colonel Kelly pursued this party; he had a dog 
 that could follow an Indian trail, and, coming pretty close, would 
 immediately drop. On this occurring, Colonel Kelly separated his 
 party, and they made a circuit. As Kelly glided very quietly through 
 the wood, he suddenly stepped into a hole, made by an up-rooted 
 tree. Glancing along it, to his surprise, he saw five Indians sitting 
 like turkeys on the trunk. He made a hole through the root, and 
 leveled his rifle. Simultaneously there was the crack of rifles from 
 the opposite side. Four Indians fell, and, notwithstanding their 
 utmost exertions, the fifth escaped. This dog was of great service to 
 the colonel. During this summer, most of the inhabitants of the 
 Valley, or at least their families, had abandoned it. The men left 
 usually occupied their homes, had signals of alarm, upon which they 
 assembled at some point agreed upon. Colonel Kelly's cabin stood 
 in front of the present building, near the spring, at the present road. 
 He was awakened one night by the growls of this dog. He had a 
 hole cut in the door for observation, and, as it was then getting day- 
 light, he could see something moving among the bushes, at the end 
 of an oak log, that laid across Spruce run. On closer inspection, he 
 discovered an Indian. He took aim at a spot above the log, and, 
 when the Indian raised his head, fired. The ball passed clear through 
 his head, killing him instantly. He buried him himself in the little 
 lot by the spring, marking the grave by a large stone, and kept the 
 secret many years, not telling even his nearest neighbor or friend, 
 knowing that there was no city of refuge to protect him from the ven- 
 geance of the next of kin, an Indian law that proves our .common 
 origin. No time or distance overcame it. There occurred one case 
 in the Valley of the killing of an Indian, which was avenged many 
 years after, when the settler had removed to Kentucky. The Indian 
 was apprehended, and confessed that he had often sought the opportu- 
 nity to kill the man here, but was as often foiled, and he followed him 
 to Kentucky, and dogged him many years before it came. Colonel 
 
1779.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 173 
 
 Kelly's secret only leaked out a few years before his death, in 1832. 
 The little patch by the spring he preserved undisturbed, but took a 
 notion about this time to have it cleared up. He had a boy, Isaac 
 Bower, living with him at the time, to whom he promised a half 
 dollar to plow it. He superintended it, and when Isaac proposed 
 taking out a large stone with the grub hoe, he told him to let it 
 alone, and plow around it. This aroused Isaac's curiosity, and the 
 next time they had big meeting at Buffalo, and the colonel and all his 
 family were gone, Isaac got to work with a shovel, and had not pro- 
 ceeded far until he reached a huge skeleton. The skull was very 
 large, and had the marks of the bullet in holes on the opposite sides. 
 He carefully covered up the place, and hid the skull under the porch. 
 Some days after old Doctor Vanvalzah came along, and stopped to 
 talk with the colonel on the porch. Something was said about large 
 heads, and Isaac, who became interested, hauled the skull out from 
 under the porch, to show it to them. Doctor Vanvalzah was as- 
 tonished at its size, and Colonel Kelly then asked Isaac where he got 
 •it, and when he heard, became very angry, and would have whaled 
 Isaac but for the doctor's presence. He then told the doctor the 
 story as I have related it. 
 
 ist November, 1872, I visited "William Allison, of Potter's Mills, 
 Centre county, confined to his house by a paralytic stroke, (he died 
 on nth February, 1877, aged eighty-five,) who told me that his 
 father, Archibald Allison, was one of the party that had gone to 
 bring the Samples off. He related the story substantially as I have 
 given it, as related to me by Captain Jacob Gundy. He added 
 some particulars : that after they got there, they heard the pecu- 
 liar gobble of wild turkeys, and Gundy said he would go out and 
 shoot one. Vandyke said: "You'll catch turkey, if you go out 
 there." (Surmising a common trick of the Indians to imitate turkey 
 calls ; two soldiers at Potter's Fort were enticed out in that way 
 and killed.) That the man wounded through the thumb cried 
 and howled so they had to threaten him to keep him quiet. That 
 they drew the old chief inside the house and scalped him, and 
 divided his accouterments. His father got the string of wampum, 
 which was about the house for a long time. On leaving the house, 
 the two wounded men, with the old people, were placed in the 
 center. They had left the house about sixty rods in the rear, when 
 
I-J4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1779. 
 
 the Indians sallied out from behind the barn, about thirty in num- 
 ber, according to Mr. Allison's account. Gundy and party held a 
 hurried consultation and agreed to separate, Gundy taking the 
 left, with the old people, the rest of the party the right. Allison 
 concealed one of the wounded men under a log, and the Indians 
 crossed it without discovering him. In the race, Allison lost his 
 moccasins, and when he arrived at the fort, (as the rendezvous was 
 called, on John Lesher's place, formerly Billmyer's,) his feet were 
 bleeding so that he could have been tracked by the blood. Archi- 
 bald Allison was then only eighteen years of age. He was at John 
 Lee's shortly after the massacre there, in 1782, and saw the bodies 
 of the murdered, and was one of the party that pursued the Indians. 
 He left the Valley in 1783 or 1784, and pushed on into Penn's 
 valley, where he married a daughter of George McCormick, one of 
 the first settlers near Spring Mills, where he remained, and died in 
 1844, aged eighty-four years. William Kelly, son of Colonel John, 
 married one of Archibald Allison's daughters. 
 
 19th May, General Potter, from Penn's valley, writes that the 
 greater number of the people of Buffalo Valley had left. 
 
 26th May, Colonel Hunter writes that he had come poor speed 
 raising the company of rangers, owing to the number of people that 
 had got appointments to recruit for the boat service, (convoying 
 General Sullivan's commissary up the North Branch;) that he had 
 appointed Thomas Campleton captain ; that the few people remain- 
 ing above were assembled in small bodies at the forts, and very 
 little farming going on; that on the 25th, twelve large boats, loaded 
 with provisions, left for Wyoming. 
 
 June 7, General Sullivan writes from Easton that he has so great 
 desire for the services of General Potter, and so high an opinion 
 of him, that he will give him a command equal to his wishes if he 
 will go along. 
 
 June 2 1 , Lieutenant Colonel Adam Hubley, with part of his regi- 
 ment, occupied Fort Muncy, Fort Jenkins, and Sunbury. 
 
 26th, Colonel Hunter says Captain Campleton's company is at Bos- 
 ley's mill, Chillisquaque creek, and the country was quite drained 
 of men for the boat service. The few spirited men that remained 
 were guarding the women and children at the different posts they 
 were assembled at, while the army marches from Wyoming. He 
 
1779. J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 175 
 
 had only thirty men, exclusive of those at Fort Freeland, and with 
 General Potter, whom he would keep at Sunbury until the return of 
 the army to Wyoming. Colonel Hartley's regiment marches imme- 
 diately to join General Sullivan, which leaves Fort Muncy and Fort 
 Jenkins vacant. 
 
 June 24, Captain Samuel Brady killed Bald Eagle, a notorious 
 warrior, of the Muncy tribe, near Kittanning. July 4, he, with John 
 Montour, went out with two or three other Indians to capture 
 Simon Girty. 9th, reports Simon at Conshocking. (Colonel Brod- 
 head's letter.) 
 
 July 8, Widow Smith's mills burned, and one man killed, in 
 White Deer township. 
 
 July 16, General Wayne captures Stony Point. 
 
 July 17, Starrett's mill and all the principal houses in Muncy 
 township burned. July 20, three men killed at Fort Freeland. 
 21, General Sullivan at Wyoming. 
 
 The depreciation of continental money was excessive at this time. 
 Vattel's Law of Nations brought $400 ; one volume of Gibbon, $40. 
 23 March, 1 779, a ream of paper, jQtS- George Read's Life, page, 
 35°- 
 
 Capture of Fort Freeland. 
 
 July 26, William Maclay writes from Paxton (Harrisburg) that 
 he had just returned from Sunbury. That the whole of the troops 
 had moved from Sunbury, a week before, to join General Sullivan. 
 "Northumberland county is in a deplorable situation, without a single 
 man, except the mihtia of the county, and Captain Kamplen, with 
 fourteen men. Almost every young man on the frontier engaged 
 in the boat service. Everything above Muncy Hill is abandoned. 
 Forty savages had penetrated as far as Freeland's mills. Freeland 
 and sundry others had fallen victims. The stores at Sunbury are 
 in my dwelling-house, which is large and conveniently situated for 
 defense. The back part of it was stockaded last year, by Colonel 
 Hartley." 
 
 28th July, Colonel Hunter writes : "Thisday, about twelve o'clock, 
 
 an express arrived from Captain Boone's mill, informing us that 
 
 Freeland's fort was surrounded; and, immediately after, another 
 
 , express came, informing us that it was burned, and all the garrison 
 
jj6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1779. 
 
 either killed or taken prisoners ; the party that went from Boone's 
 saw a number of Indians and some red-coats walking around the fort, 
 or where it had been. After that, firing was heard off towards 
 Chillisquaque. Parties are going off from this town, and from North • 
 umberland, for the relief of the garrison. General Sullivan would 
 send us no assistance, and our neighboring counties have lost the 
 virtue they were once possessed of, otherwise we should have some 
 relief before this. I write in a confused manner. I am just march- 
 ing off, up the West Branch, with a party I have collected." A few 
 days before the capture Robert Covenhoven went up as far as Rals- 
 ton, (now,) where he discovered Colonel McDonald's party in camp. 
 He returned to Fort Muncy, (Port Penn,) and gave the alarm. The 
 women and children then were put in boats and sent down, under his 
 charge, to Fort Augusta. He took with him the families at Fort 
 Meminger, at the mouth of Warrior run ; but Freeland's fort being 
 four and a half miles distant, they had no time to wait for the fam- 
 ilies there, but sent a messenger to alarm them. Covenhoven (spelled 
 Crownover,) is buried in the Presbyterian grave-yard, in Northum- 
 berland. Born December 7, 1758; died October 29, 1846. 
 
 Mrs. Mary V. Derrickson (born loth February, 1779,) a daughter 
 of Cornelius Vincent, in a letter, dated Delaware run, December 17, 
 1855, gives the following account of the early settlers, and of Fort 
 Freeland : In 1772, Jacob Freeland, Samuel Gould, Peter Vincent, 
 and his son Cornelius cut their way through the wilderness and set- 
 tled within two miles of where the fort was afterwards built. In the 
 summer of 1778, the year of the Great Runaway, they had to leave 
 the country. They returned and picketed a large two-story house, 
 which had been built by Jacob PVeeland. During the winter all 
 the families lived in the fort. In the spring of 1 779 the men planted 
 corn, and were occasionally surprised by the Indians ; but nothing 
 serious occurred until the 21st of July, when a party at work in the 
 corn-field were attacked by Indians, about nine a. m. Isaac Vincent, 
 Elias Freeland, and Jacob Freeland, junior, were killed. Benjamin 
 Vincent and Michael Freeland taken prisoners. Daniel Vincent out- 
 ran the Indians, and leaping a high log fence, escaped. Benjamin 
 Vincent, then only ten years old, hid himself in a furrow; he left it 
 to climb a tree, and was seen and captured. He knew nothing about 
 the fate of the others until in the afternoon, when an Indian thrust 
 
1779.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 777 
 
 the bloody scalp of his brother Isaac into his face. At daybreak, on 
 the 28th Jacob Freeland, senior, was shot as he was going out of the 
 gate, and fell inside. The fort was surrounded. There were twenty- 
 one men in it, and very little ammunition. Mary Kirk and Phoebe 
 Vincent commenced immediately and ran all their spoons and plates 
 into bullets. About nine a flag was raised, and John Lytle and 
 John Vincent went out to capitulate, but could not agree, and one 
 half hour was given to consult those within. It was finally agreed 
 that all who could bear arms should go as prisoners, the old men 
 with the women and children to be set free, and the fort given to 
 plunder. The latter left the fort at twelve. Not one eat a bite that 
 day, and not a child was heard to cry or ask for bread. They 
 reached Northumberland, eighteen miles distant, that night. Mrs. 
 Kirk put girl's clothes on her son William, a lad of sixteen, and he 
 escaped with the women. Elizabeth Vincent was a cripple, and 
 could not walk. Her husband, John Vincent, went to Captain Mc- 
 Donald and told him her situation, and asked for the horse the 
 Indians had taken from his son Peter a week before. He carried 
 his wife to the lower end of the meadow, where they lay and saw the 
 fort burned. It rained hard that night, and she lay partly in the 
 water. In the morning the horse came to them. Vincent plaited a 
 halter out of the bark of a hickory tree, set his wife on, and led it 
 to Northumberland, where wagons were pressed to take the people 
 down the country. Colonel Hunter's account says: "That the 
 firing at Freeland's was heard at Boone's mill, about seven miles off. 
 (This mill was on Muddy Run, six hundred yards from its mouth, 
 the site of what is now Kemmerer's Mill, two miles above Milton.) 
 Captains Hawkins Boone, Kemplen, and Daugherty marched with 
 thirty-four men, but were met before they reached the fort. Cap- 
 tain Kemplen, who observed the first Indian, shot him dead. Our 
 men behaved with great bravery, but were overpowered, and fifteen 
 were killed and two wounded. Among the dead. Captain Boone 
 and Captain Samuel Daugherty, two very good men." 
 
 This engagement took place at McClung's place, above Milton. 
 William Miles, who was taken prisoner at the fort, and afterwards 
 resided in Erie county, said that, in Canada, Captain McDonald 
 spoke in the highest terms of the desperate bravery of Hawkins 
 
 12 
 
lyS ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1779. 
 
 Boone. His scalp, with that of Daugherty, was brought into fort 
 Freeland. 
 
 Boone came originally from Exeter, Berks county, and was a 
 cousin of the celebrated Daniel Boone, of Kentucky. His grand- 
 father, George Boone, had a large family of sons : William, Joseph, 
 Tames, Benjamin, John, Hezekiah, Squire, and Josiah Boone. 
 Hawkins was a son of Squire, who moved to North Carolina in 
 1752. Hawkins was a surveyor, and lived on the place just above 
 New Columbia now owned by Samuel Gemberling. He owned, 
 also, the Jacob Rees' place, north-west of the latter place, the 
 Earnest Book tract, &c. He was commissioned a captain in the 
 twelfth Pennsylvania regiment, and selected to accompany a detach- , 
 ment of riflemen from the regiment, sent under Morgan to Saratoga. 
 In a return of Morgan's command, dated at Lowdon's ferry, on the 
 Mohawk, September 3, 1777, he is marked absent; wounded. In 
 February, 1779, the State Council allowed him clothes out of the 
 State stores, "in consideration of his situation and spirited intre- 
 pidity of his conduct in the campaign under Colonel Hartley, when 
 his situation might have justified him in remaining at home." He 
 left a widow, Jane, and two daughters. Some years after his death, 
 his widow married a Mr. Fortenbaugh, and moved to Halifax, Dau- 
 phin county, where she resided many years. 
 
 Of Boone's party, Samuel Brady, (uncle of Captain Samuel,) James 
 Dougherty, and James Hammond made their escape. Daniel Vin- 
 cent, father of late Mr. Vincent, of McEwensville, had been recently 
 married, and after the capture, his wife returned to New Jersey. For 
 four years she heard nothing -of him. One evening, when she was 
 out with a sleighing party, a roughly dressed man Stopped at the 
 tavern where they were, and inquired if a Mrs. Vincent lived near 
 there. She was pointed out to him, and he told her he had met 
 her husband in Canada. He rode home in the same sleigh, and was 
 disposed to take her upon his lap. She declined the favor until she 
 discovered the impertinent stranger was her husband. — Day's Col- 
 lections, 1843. [See Meginness' West Branch Valley, page 25 7, &c., 
 for an interesting notice of the return of the captives.] 
 
 In a letter from Sunbury, dated January 27, 1783, to General 
 James Potter, member of the Executive Council, Colonel Hunter 
 
1779. J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ijg 
 
 incloses a roll of the men taken prisoners at Fort Freeland, the 
 28th July, 1779. "Captain's company, John Neely, sergeant; 
 George Bailey, George Armitage, Aaron Martin, (died at Fort 
 Chambly, January 8, 1780,) Thomas Smith, Isaac Wilson, and 
 John Forney. The following persons, being those of the militia 
 that enrolled themselves for the defense of the garrison : John Lytle, 
 adjutant ; Cornelius Vincent, quartermaster ; sergeant, Samuel 
 Gould ; Henry Townley, Peter Williams, Isaac Williams, Elias Wil- 
 liams, Henry Gilfillan, James Durham, Daniel Vincent, John Watts, 
 William Miles, John Dough, Thomas Taggar<-, (died i6th January, 
 1780;) Francis Watts, made his escape on the same day he was 
 taken; Peter Vincent, likewise made his escape the same day." 
 Colonel Hunter adds : "I appointed Captain Thomas Kemplen to 
 recruit a company under a resolve of Congress authorizing the 
 Council to raise a company for each frontier county, and to ap- 
 point the officers thereof, in place of Captain John McElhatten, 
 who was not in the county, or expected soon. Kemplen engaged 
 on the 7th of May, and was of as much service as any man could 
 be with the small company of men he had during the time. A 
 number of his men who were taken prisoners at Fort Freeland, have 
 come home poor and naked." 
 
 Colonel Kelly went over with a party from Buffalo Valley, and 
 buried the dead at Fort Freeland. 
 
 November 27, the German regiment arrived at Sunbury, and 
 Colonel Hunter proposes to station a sergeant's guard at Titzell's 
 mill, in Buffalo Valley. Among the deaths this year are Samuel 
 Allen, of White Deer, in May. In July, William McLaughlin, of the 
 same township. Samuel Allen left a widow, Lavinia ; children, 
 Ruth Reynolds, Agnes, Mary Rippey, Elphina, Samuel, Joseph, 
 James, John, and Robert. 
 
 Joseph Weeks, (of now Gregg township,) left a widow, Rachel; 
 children, Jesse, Hannah, Frances, Jemima, Sutherland, Hyllothem, 
 Nacum, and Fronk. 
 
 John Foster, Esquire, who died at Buffalo Cross-Roads some years 
 since, and who was a son of Captain John Foster, was wont to relate 
 an incident occurring at this time. One night the family were 
 alarmed by Indians, and fled to a rye patch adjoining the house, 
 where they passed the night. A small dog that was usually very 
 
i8o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. | 1780, 
 
 noisy at night stayed with them and made no noise. The family 
 always considered it a special act of Providence, as the next morn- 
 ing plenty of Indian tracks were found around the house. 
 
 1^80. 
 
 Inhabitants of Buffalo, White Deer, and Penn's — Indian Troubles — 
 David Couples Killed — Attack at French Jacob's Mill — George 
 Etzweiler and others Killed — Roll of Captain Thompson's Com- 
 pany — Patrick Watson and Baltzer Klinesmith Killed — Peter 
 Grove's Pursuit of the Indians — Barber's Mill Built. 
 
 OUNCILLOR, General James Potter. Representatives 
 in the Assembly, William Montgomery, David Mc- 
 Kinney, and Major John Kelly. Prothonotary, Cap- 
 tain Matthew Smith, appointed February 4. County 
 
 Commissioners, Daniel Montgomery, Williarn Clark, and John 
 
 White. Collector of Excise, Daniel Montgomery. 
 
 Names of the Inhabitants of Buffalo Township, in the beginning of 
 
 April, 1780. 
 
 Allison, Archibald; Auld, George; Aurand, Henry; Aurand, 
 Jacob; Baker, Wendel; Beatty, Hugh; Beatty, Alexander; Bernhard, 
 Mathias ; Bickle, Henry ; Bickle, Christopher ; Bilby, John ; Black, 
 Thomas; Brady, Mary; Braton, Caldwell; Brindle, John; Bolen- 
 der, Henry ; Book, Conrad ; Book, John ; Book, George ; Boveard, 
 James ; Bower, Casper ; Burn, Peter ; Burger, Martin ; Chambers, 
 Robert; Charters, William; Clarke, John ; Crawford, Edward ; Cri- 
 der, John ; Conner, Jacob ; Coon, Nicholas ; Cox, Tunis ; Cox, 
 Widow; Davis, John; Derr, Ludwig ; Doudrick, John; Dreisbach, 
 Jacob; Duncan, David; Elder, Thomas; Emerick, David; Etzweiler, 
 George ; Ewig, Adam ; Eyer, Abraham ; Fiddler, Stephen ; Filey, 
 John; Fleming, Robert; Fleming, James; Frederick, Peter; Fred- 
 
1780.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. i8i 
 
 erick, George \ Foster, John ; ]<'oster, William ; Foster, Captain 
 John; Gibson, Andrew; Gibson, James'; Gilman, Henry, senior; 
 Gilman, Henry, junior; Glen, Andrew; Green, Joseph; Greenlee, 
 William ; Groshong, Jacob, grist-mill ; Grove, Michael ; he was 
 taxed with a ferry, which was at the old Judge McPherson place, 
 near Winfield ; Gothard, John ; Hains, George ; Hains, George, 
 junior; Hains, John; Huntsman, James; Hamilton, Robert; Harb- 
 ster, David; Harbster, Jacob; Hiltman, John; Henry, Christopher, 
 distillery; Hessler, John; Hessler, Michael; Holnian, Charles; 
 Hone, Henry; Hoy, Philip; Hub, Daniel; Hunter, Samuel; taxed 
 with servants, negro, horses, cows, spoons, &c.; he resided on 
 Perm's creek, on the tract he took up, now owned by the Messrs. 
 Oldts, in Union township; Irvine, William, (Irish;) Irwin, James, 
 distillery; Jenkins, James; Jermony, Thomas; Johnston, William; 
 Johnston, John ; Kester, Peter ; King, Samuel ; Kishler, Francis ; 
 Klinesmith, Baltzer ; Links, Jacob ; Laughlin, Samuel ; Lee, John, 
 two stills; Leech, William; Leonard, Peter; Lewis, Daniel; Low- 
 don, John; McCaley, Alexander; McCandlish, William, senior; 
 McCandlish, William, junior ; McClung, John ; McCoy, James ; 
 McDonald, Randall ; McGee, James ; McGrady, Alexander ; Mc- 
 Kelvey, James; Metzgar, Jacob; Miller, Benjamin; Milligan, John • 
 Mitchell, John ; Mizener, Henry ; Mizener, Conrad ; Mook, John ; 
 Moore, William, sawmill; Morrow, Andrew; Nees, John, grist mill; 
 afterwards Green's and Bellas' ; Noble, Robert ; Overmeier, George, 
 senior; Overmeier, George, junior; Parkinson, Daniel; Price, Thom- 
 as; Pontius, Andrew; Pontius, John, senior; Pontius, John, junior; 
 Pontius, Nicholas; Pontius, George; Pontius, Henry; Quinn, 
 Terrence ; Ray, John ; Rees, Abel ; Richard, Henry ; Rinehard, 
 Frederick; Rinehart, George; Rosabaugh, George; Rote, George; 
 Scott, John ; Sharp, Daniel ; Shirley, Charles ; Shively, John ; 
 Shively, Christian ; Sierer, John ; Sips, Joseph ; Shaw, William ; 
 Slack, Henry; Smith, Adam; Smith, Ludwig ; Smith, David; 
 Snyder, Peter ; Snyder, Michael ; Speddy, Wil\iam ; Storms, Chris- 
 tian ; Storms, David ; Stroh, Nicholas ; Sutherland, William ; Tate, 
 Edward; Taveler, Joseph; Templeton, Samuel; Thom, James; 
 Thornburg, Thomas; Thompson, John; Trester, Martin, senior; 
 Trester, Martin, junior ; Trinkle, Charles ; Vandyke, Henry, tan- 
 yard; Vought, Michael; Walker, John; Watson, Hugh; Watson, 
 
j82 annals of buffalo valley. 1780. 
 
 Patrick; Watson, David; Welker, Leonard, grist and saw-mill; 
 Weyland, Henry; Williams, William; Williams, James; Wilson, 
 Robert ; Wise, Jacob ; Wise, Frederick ; Wolfe, Andrew ; Wolfe, 
 George; Young, Samuel, distillery; Young, Matthew; Zeller, 
 Peter. 
 
 Of these the following returned money for taxation only : Bickle, 
 Christopher, ;^ioo ; Chambers, Robert, jP^fio ; Frederick, George, 
 ^500 ; Green, Joseph, ^x\o ; McCandlish, William, j[^Ap ; Storms, 
 Christian, ;^45o. 
 
 Additional Residents or Taxable s of White Deer in 1780. 
 
 Allen, Joseph; Allen, John; Auman, Philip; Barber, John; 
 Caldwell, John ; Campbell, Charles : Cherry, John ; Clendenin, 
 John; Collins, Daniel; Couples, Sarah, widow; Crawford, Robert; 
 Daraugh, Ephraim; Derr, Widow; Eakins, John; Heckle, Andrew, 
 distillery; Gibson, James; Glen, Joseph; Gray, Robert; Hammel, 
 Charles ; Hayes, David ; Hill, Elizabeth ; Hill, Jacob ; Hoffman, 
 Joseph ; Huling, Marcus, of the Island ; Hood, Moses ; Huston, 
 Samuel; Iddings, Jonathan; Kelly, Lawrence ; King, William; 
 Love, Robert; McClenachan, William; McCracken, John; Mc- 
 Cord, Robert; McCord, James; McGowan, John ; McKinney, 
 James ; McLaughlin, John ; Marshall, William ; Miller, Archibald ; 
 Millwright, Mathias ; Montgomery, Samuel ; Murray, William ; 
 Poak, John ; Randels, Joseph ; Randels, Hugh ; Row, James ; 
 Shields, Widow; Shearer, Widow; Turner, Thomas, distillery; 
 Swartz, Peter, junior; Tanahill, John; Vandyke, Lambert. Im- 
 provements, saw-mill at William Blythe's, Red Bank run. 
 
 Among the Residents of Fenn's Township in 1780. 
 
 Barnard, France; Bart, Jacob ; Bartges, Stophel ; Beard, Wil- 
 liam ; Berts, Benjamin ; Bickard, John ; Bickle, Thomas ; Bickle, 
 Simon, distillery ; Bickle, Tobias, distillery ; Bickle, Jacob ; Borald, 
 Adam ; Bolender, Adam, senior ; Bolender, Adam, junior ; Bom- 
 baugh, widow, still ; Borer, Peter ; Bower, Peter ; Bunker, Abra- 
 ham ; Carstetter, Martin ; Cline, Jacob ; Cline, Andrew ; Coleman, 
 John ; Collins, Moses ; Copenberger, Paul ; Crow, Godfrey ; Dean- 
 er, George ; Deininger, Jacob ; Dowdle, widow, (widow of Cap- 
 tain Dowdle;) Dreese, Joseph; Eberhart, Bernard; Egeh, William ; 
 
1780.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 183 
 
 Evans, John ; Faucy, Benjamin ; Fisher, Abraham ; Freyburg, Lud- 
 wig; Gan, Frederick; Gaws, Christian; Ginney, (weaver;) Gray- 
 bill, Christian ; Green, John ; Graybill, John ; Guyer, Valentine ; 
 Hains, John ; Harman, John ; Heffling, Jacob ; Heffling, Conrad ; 
 Hermon, Henry; Hoan, Michael, senior; Hornberger, Charles; 
 Hooks, Stephen; Horn, Samuel; Kemerer, Peter; Kemerer, Dan- 
 iel ; Kerstetter, Leonard ; Kerstetter, widow ; Kerel, Hugh ; Ket- 
 tleman, David ; Kreek, Philip ; Kreek, Jacob ; Koch, Daniel ; La- 
 bel, Jacob; Leist, David; Liber, Adam; McTaget, Billy; Man- 
 ning, John; Manning, Richard; Mateer, Robert; Meikle, Simeon; 
 Mattig, Daniel ; Merkley, George ; Motz, Michael ; Meyer, John ; 
 Meyer, Charles, distillery; Mogel, Valentine; Moon, Thomas; 
 Moon, James ; Moore, Andrew, four hundred and seventy-nine acres 
 of land, oil-mill, two distilleries, one grist and one saw-mill ; Morton, 
 Jacob ; Mull, Anthony ; Neyman, Jacob ; Newcomer, Peter ; Nitz, 
 Philip ; Nitz, John ; Ogden, Joseph ; Oudly, Edward ; Peters, Michael ; 
 Reybert, John, senior; Reger, Elias; Reger, Michael; Reichenbaugh, 
 Jacob ; Reed, Casper, saw-mill ; Reihm, Henry ; Retzel, Youst ; 
 Reit, John ; Ritchie, Robert ; Rodgers, John ; Roush, Jacob ; Row, 
 Martin, junior ; Row, Ludwig ; Ryhart, John ; Schock, George ; 
 Schock, John ; Shaffer, George ; Sharrer, Michael ; Shoemaker, Pe- 
 ter ; Smith, Stephen ; Snyder, Thomas ; Stees, Jacob, grist and saw- 
 mill ; Steffy, Adam ; Straub, John ; Styer, Henry ; Styers, Jacob ; 
 Sutton, Zachariah ; Swineford, John; Swineford, Albright, six hun- 
 dred and eighty acres, and grist-mill ; Tremgel, Peter ; Trenkle, 
 Matthias; Truckenmiller, Frederick; Ulrich, George, junior ; Wood- 
 waifd, Simon ; Zellner, John. 
 
 2d April, William Maclay writes to President Reed, from Sunbury : 
 " Sir : I will not trouble you with the distress of this county. It 
 will, no doubt, be painted to the Council in lively colors, and, in- 
 deed, the picture cannot be overcharged ; nor should I, at this time, 
 write to you, but for a strong belief and persuasion that a body of 
 Indians are lodged about the head of Fishing and Muncy creek. 
 They were with us to the very beginning of the deep snow last year ; 
 they are with us now before that snow is cuite gone. Many of our 
 hunters, who went up late last fall into that country, (which is a fine 
 one for hunting,) were so alarmed with the constant reports of guns, 
 which they could not believe to be those of white men, that they 
 
i84 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1780. 
 
 returned suddenly back. We are not strong enough to spare men 
 to examine this country, and dislodge them. The German regiment 
 are under their own officers, and, for my part, I expect no service 
 from them. I cannot help uttering a wish that what troops we have 
 might be all Pennsylvanians. There is a certain love of country that 
 really has weight. This is a strange divided quarter. Whig, Tory, 
 Yankee, Pennamite, Dutch, Irish, and English influence are strangely 
 blended. I must confess I begin to be national, too, and most sin- 
 cerely believe every public interest of America will be safer in the 
 hands of Americans than with any others. Eut I will not trouble 
 you with any more of my opinions. Help us if you can, and much 
 obhge a distressed country." 
 
 Colonel Samuel Hunter writes, on the same day : "The savages 
 have made their appearance on the frontiers in a hostile manner. 
 Day before yesterday they took seven or eight prisoners about two 
 miles above Fort Jenkins, and two days before they carried off 
 several people from about Wyoming. The German regiment that is 
 stationed here is no ways adequate to grant us the necessary relief. 
 The case is quite altered from this time twelve months ago. We then 
 had a pretty good garrison at Muncy, Brady's fort, Freeland's, with 
 our own inhabitants. Now we have but forty or fifty at Montgom- 
 ery's, and thirty at Fort Jenkins. The latter was not able to spare 
 men enough to pursue the enemy, that carried off the prisoners, 
 though there were but thirty Tories and Indians, and a pretty deep 
 snow had fallen the night before, by which they could be tracked. 
 I have seen the time within three years that we could turn out some 
 hundred of good woodsmen, but the country is quite drained of^our 
 best men." 
 
 The rapid depreciation of money may be noted through an item 
 in the State Treasurer's account : May 17, order to Samuel Dale, ad- 
 ditional pay as Member, in consequence of the price of wheat raised 
 from ^15 to ^20 per bushel, nth March, cassimere was ^300 
 per yard ; jean and habit cloth, ^60 per yard. 
 
 April 8, a party of Indians made a descent on White Deer creek. 
 At Redbank, one and one-half miles south of White Deer Mills, a 
 little below where Charley Ely's blacksmith shop used to be, toward 
 the river, lived David Couples, with his wife and two children. They 
 killed and scalped Couples and two of the children, and took his wife 
 
1780.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. i^5 
 
 prisoner. They camped for the night on the hills above the mills, 
 where she made her escape, although one of them had lain himself 
 down upon her clothes, so that her moving would alarm him. The 
 next day, when the people came to the house, they found the chil- 
 dren had crawled under the bed, but their eyes were rent with in- 
 tensity of suffering. One daughter survived, Margaret Couples. 
 She married a man named William Armstrong, a wagoner on Doctor 
 Eaker's place, and they moved to Centre county. The widow mar- 
 ried a man named Elliot, of Chillisquaque. Some of the family 
 live about Northumberland. Captain John M. Huff, of Milton, is 
 a grandson. 
 
 In Doctor Harbaugh's Fathers of the German Reformed Church, 
 we find the following notice of the first stated Reformed minister 
 nearest to the region of our annals: As early as the i8th of May, 
 the Reverend Samuel Dubbendorff labored as a minister at Lykens 
 valley. A letter of that date says : ' ' like John the Baptist, he at present 
 preaches to three congregations, bordering upon the Indians. The 
 people greatly love and honor him, yet owing to their poverty, can 
 give him only the most necessary articles of food, but not a cent of 
 money as salary." Mr. Dubbendorff, no doubt, preached as a sup- 
 ply for the churches on Penn's creek, and, perhaps, in Buffalo Valley, 
 as we find that when he beame too feeble, from age, to labor any 
 longer in the ministry, he removed to a friend's, near Selinsgrove, 
 where he died. He is buried in Selinsgrove, but no memorial, we 
 believe, marks his grave. 
 
 Attack on French Jacob's Mill. 
 
 Northumberland Town, May i8, 1780. 
 I am unhappy enough to mform you the savage enemy have, on 
 the 1 6th inst., made a stroke on the inhabitants of this much dis- 
 tressed county, at Buffalo Valley. At French Jacob Grozong's 
 
 mills four men killed, viz: Jno. Forster, jr., Eytzwiller, 
 
 James Chambers, and Samuel McLaughlen. The enemy got only 
 one of the scalps. The neighboring inhabitants, on hearing the 
 firing, briskly turned out, and pursued the enemy very brave, but 
 was not able to overtake them. The inhabitants have stood here, 
 indeed, longer than could been expected, were it not desperation. 
 But, sir, unless some support can be instantly afforded, the State 
 
j86 annals of buffalo valley. [1780. 
 
 must shortly count one county less than formerly — which God 
 forbid. I refer you, D'r sir, to the bearer, Gen. Potter, for further 
 information, as he waits on horseback, whilst I write this imperfect, 
 distress'd acc't. Provisions none, cash none, nor can it be had 
 in this place. Gen. Potter's acc'ts from this place to the Hon'ble 
 the Assembly, which I doubt not you will see, will fully satisfy you 
 of the state of this place. 
 
 I am, D'r sir, your most obt. humble serv't, 
 
 Matthew Smith. 
 
 Gen. Jos. Reed. 
 
 Sometime between 1776 and 1779, Jacob Groshong, familiarly 
 known as French Jacob, built a little log mill, the site of which is 
 now familiarly known as Solomon Heberling's, on what he supposed 
 was his own location. He was defeated in a suit at Sunbury, rode 
 home the same night, dismantled the mill, moved the wheels, &c., 
 down to the site of what is now Dater & Reish's mill. Here he 
 re-built his mill in 1782 and 1783, and added a saw-mill in 1785. 
 In 1793, Enoch Thomas got the property, and Groshong moved up 
 to the end of the Nittany mountain, in Centre county, and thence 
 West. From Thomas, it passed into the hands of Christopher 
 Johnson, in 1797, and into the hands of John Hofferd, in 1808, 
 and finally into the Reish's. 
 
 The old mill building, where this fight occurred, Mr. Philip Pon- 
 tius told me he took down when he owned the property, and that he 
 carefully preserved the timbers that had the bullet marks in them, 
 and placed them in another building there, where they could still 
 be seen. 
 
 This will explain the impression on the minds of some old peo- 
 ple I have talked with, who alleged the site of French Jacob's mill, 
 where the fight occurred, was at the old Hofferd or Reish mill ; 
 whereas, in truth, it occurred at the little old mill, the site of which 
 is on Solomon Heberling's place. 
 
 Groshong's name, or rather his nick-name, is still preserved in 
 connection with the large spring a little above the tavern, on the 
 Brush Valley road. I find in 1787 he was assessed by his nick- 
 name, "Jacob, French." He is the hero of all the wild tales of 
 Indian troubles in that part of the Valley. The place where he hid 
 from the Indians, beside this spring, is still pointed out. 
 
1780.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 187 
 
 The place became more noted in after years as the residence of 
 Captain John Bergstresser, who, as early as 181 1, had an oil, full- 
 ing-mill, saw-mill, and kept store upon the premises. Bergstresser 
 came in after Henry Snyder, who had some sort of mills there as 
 early as 1802. 
 
 Christian Shively told my informant, John Beeber, that he heard 
 the signal firing at this time. He was threshing some grain at the 
 time. He had a hard, smooth place tramped on the ground, and 
 was throwing the wheat up in the air to allow the wind to blow the 
 chaff away. He immediately hid his wife and two children near 
 the mouth of White Spring run. He slipped silently about, rolled 
 some logs into Penn's creek, tied them with hickory withes into a 
 raft, put his wife and children on, and floated down to Beatty's, 
 where New Berlin now stands. 
 
 Philip Pontius told me his father also heard the signal. He un- 
 hitched his horses, and made a circuit through the woods, gun in 
 hand, and came to the mill. He said William Fisher made a nar- 
 row escape. He was running into the mill, when his foot slipped 
 on a board, and he fell into the door. The bullet intended for him 
 struck the building on a line where his head would have been had he 
 not fallen. 
 
 One tradition of the neighborhood is that this was a patrol of 
 five men which passed every day between Titzell's, late Kelly's, mill 
 and French Jacob's, and they were attacked by the Indians in sight 
 of the mills. Another has it that the soldiers were out washing 
 when they were fired on. 
 
 John Forster was an uncle of the late Captain John Forster, of 
 Mifflinburg, and a brother of the old Major Thomas Forster. James 
 Chambers was the son of Robert Chambers. 
 
 George Etzweiler, junior, left a widow named Mary. George 
 Etzweiler, a son of the one killed, kept hotel at McKee's Half-Falls, 
 as late as 181 2. William Fisher was the grandfather of James 
 Crossgrove and Sheriff John Crossgrove, and resided in Limestone, 
 where James Crossgrove lately resided. William Gill told me he 
 heard old Mrs. Overmeier say that the people who were killed, 
 were brought over to the place adjoining Philip Seebold's residence, 
 above New Berlin, and were buried in the old grave-yard on the 
 bluff at the creek, where Dry run comes in, nearly opposite where 
 
i88 ANNALU OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1780. 
 
 Tuscarora run enters Penn's, on the Snyder county side.^ Here old 
 John Trester and the first settlers were buried. This grave-yard, 
 probably the oldest in the county, was not used after 1791, when 
 the people commenced burying in New Berlin. It belonged to 
 Thomas Barber, who was killed in 1792, by the timbers of an old 
 barn falling upon him. Some time during this year, one of the 
 Mizener's, who resided where Daniel Pontius now resides, near 
 Reish's distillery, was captured, and carried off from that place by the 
 Indians. Esquire Sheckler informs me it was Adam Mizener, who 
 moved to Ohio, and died there some years ago. He remained in 
 captivity about eighteen months. 
 
 On the 14th of July, the Archives state that a man and three 
 children were killed, near the mouth of Buffalo creek. According 
 to the statement of Wjlliam Wilson, (Doctor T. H's. grandfather,) 
 this occurred at the old house where Thomas Ream now lives. The 
 woman escaped across the creek and, looking back, saw an Indian 
 dash the brains out of the small child against a tree. The name of 
 the family was Allen. 
 
 Copy of Roll found antotig Colonel John Kelly s papers . 
 
 A pay-roll of my company of the first battalion, Northumberland 
 county militia, commencmg i6th of July, 1780. Enrolled, July 16, 
 1780. Discharged, August 15. 
 
 Colonel — Kelly, John. 
 
 Captain — Thompson, James. 
 
 Lieutenant — Poak, Joseph. 
 
 Ensign. — Ewing, Alexander. 
 
 Black, William ; Black, Thomas ; Brindage, Joseph ; Fleming, 
 Hance; Green, Joseph; Hamersley, James; Iddings, Jonathan; 
 Poak, John; Poak, Thomas; Poak, James Smith; Rodman, Hugh ; 
 Wilson, Peter ; Wilson, John ; Young, John. 
 
 Letters of administration on Patrick Watson's estate, were granted 
 on the 23d of July, of this year; and his death, perhaps, occurred 
 during May, when the stroke on the Valley, spoken of in Captain 
 Matthew Smith's letter, was made. His cabin was on a slight eleva- 
 tion, a little east of the new school-house (1877) at White Springs, 
 
 'Philip Seebold said, in 1872, that George Etzweiler was buried on John Cook's 
 place, now Peter Slear's, in Limestone township. 
 
1780.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. iSg 
 
 Limestone township. Tlie site was pointed out to me, by Jacob 
 M. Shively, whose grandfather, Christian Shively, showed him the 
 spot, and told the story. He said he heard the firing, and went to 
 Watson's cabin, and found Mrs. Watson, Patrick's mother, lying 
 on the floor, shot, and a dog licking her scalped head. She could 
 orily make motions in reply to his inquiry, intimating that Patrick 
 had gone down the run. He went out after him, and found him 
 near the White spring. Watson did not know he was shot until, 
 stooping down by the spring to drink, the water ran out of his 
 wound. He died within two hours. He and his mother were 
 among the first buried in the Lewis grave-yard. He was an uncle 
 of David, William, and John C. Watson. 
 
 Friday, 14th July, Baltzer Klinesmith, who resided then on George 
 Sholtz's land, lately owned by John Byler, on the second road south 
 of Dreisbach's church leading to Jenkins' mills, and had a small 
 clearing upon it, was killed. The versions of this story are quite 
 numerous. The one in the "History of the West Branch," was 
 furnished by George A. Snyder, Esquire, deceased. The dates I 
 get from the widow's pension papers, and an old certificate, in which 
 it is further stated that he was a private in Captain Joseph Green's 
 company. Lieutenant John Cryder, in Colonel Kelly's battalion. 
 My version is from one who often heard Mrs. Chambers tell it her- 
 self. She, with her father and sister, went out in the field to work. 
 He, seeing some squirrels, sent Baltzer, junior, back for his gun. 
 Meanwhile, the Indians came along and captured the old man and 
 the two girls, Elizabeth and Catherine. 
 
 Just where the road winds around the hill, above Heimbach's 
 blacksmith shop, on the road to New Berlin, they killed Klinesmith. 
 Mrs. Dreisbach, the Judge's mother, pointed out the place. She 
 helped carry his body down, and they buried it in the Dreisbach 
 church-yard. 
 
 The Lidians then made their way to the spring, north of New 
 Berlin, where they left the girls in charge of an old man of their 
 party, and went down Dry valley. After a httle while it began to 
 rain, and the Indian motioned the girls to gather brush to cover the 
 flour bag. He laid down under a tree, with the tomahawk under 
 his head. The girls, in passing with brush, worked it gradually 
 from under him as he dozed. Elizabeth picked up the tomahawk. 
 
i<)0 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1780. 
 
 and made a motion to her sister to run. She then sank it into the 
 old man's head. The old man yelled fearfully, and the girls ran. 
 By this time the Indians were on their return, and heard the old 
 man yell. They pursued the girls and fired on Catherine, just as 
 she was springing over a fallen tree. The ball entered below the 
 right shoulder-blade and came out at her side. She had the scars 
 until her dying day, as large as a half dollar. She rolled herself 
 under the tree, and the Indians passed over her, in pursuit of the 
 sister. Elizabeth, being active, reached Beatty's harvest field. The 
 men ran to their rifles and pursued the Indians. When they came 
 pretty near Catherine, one of the men, supposing an Indian in am- 
 bush, was about firing, when she pulled off her apron and waved it. 
 They found her much weakened from loss of blood, but she soon 
 recovered. Philip Pontius, still living, told me that the Indians 
 were going to Beatty's, and George Rote, who was a lame man, but 
 great on a halloo, frightened them back, by hallooing to an imagin- 
 ary company to surround the black rebels. Klinesmith's widow 
 drew a pension as late as 1 819, at New Berlin. " Elizabeth married 
 John Boal, moved to French creek, near Meadville first, and, in 1843, 
 was still living in Ohio or Indiana, her husband, being one of those 
 restless spirits, who fancy that the land is over-crowded, when the 
 population exceeds one to every ten square miles, and she, from her 
 courage and energy, being an excellent second to a man always ex- 
 posed to the perils of frontier life." — Manuscript of G. H. Snyder. 
 Katy, as she was called, first married Daniel Campbell, a revolu- 
 tionary soldier, and had, by him, two children, John, who died 
 near Mifflinburg, and Ann, who married Robert Barber. They 
 removed West, and are now both dead. Katy married next Robert 
 Chambers, by whom she had one child, the first wife of John A. 
 Vanvalzah, deceased. Notwithstanding her wound, she survived 
 two husbands. My informant, William M. Vanvalzah, tells me that 
 when a boy, many a night he heard her and old Captain Thompson 
 talk over the events of their early life. Klinesmith's land, in Lewis 
 township, was valued in 1810, Robert Chambers taking one portion, 
 and Baltzer Klinesmith, junior, the other. Baltzer, junior, sold his 
 land, some thirty years since, to Christian Mensch, and moved to a 
 lot owned by his wife, near Hartleton, where he died, and is buried 
 in the Laurelton grave-yard. His wife was a daughter of Melchior 
 
1780] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. igi 
 
 Smith, their children, David, Samuel, John Melchior, daughters Mary 
 Ann and Margaret, who married Messrs. Stover, in Centre county. 
 
 Catherine married Miller. Martin Trester, a few years after, 
 
 found a rifle near the spring, supposed to belong to the old Indian. 
 
 Traditions of the Valley have always connected the following 
 incident with the pursuit of the murderers of Klinesmith ; and the 
 date mentioned in the note below probably confirms that belief: 
 
 Van Campen, in his narrative, see Meginness, page 277, says that 
 "in the summer of 1781^ a man was taken prisoner, in Buffalo 
 Valley, and made his escape. He reported there were about three 
 hundred Indians on the Sinnemahoning. I was then a lieutenant 
 in Captain Robinson's company. Colonel Hunter selected a com- 
 pany of five to reconnoitre. Captain Campbell, Peter and Michael 
 Grove, Lieutenant Cramer, and myself. We took with us three 
 days' provision, and went up the' West Branch, with much caution 
 and care. We reached the Sinnemahoning, but found no tracks. 
 A little below it we discovered a smoke, and that there was a large 
 party of them. 
 
 " As soon as it was dark we new primed our rifles, sharpened our 
 flints, and examined our tomahawk handles ; and, all being ready, we 
 waited with great impatience until they all lay down. The night was 
 warm, and as we advanced upon them in the utmost silence, rifle in 
 one hand, tomahawk in the other, we found some of them rolled in 
 their blankets, a rod or two from the fire. Having got among them, 
 we first handled our tomahawks. They arose like a dark cloud. 
 We now fired on them and raised the war-yell. They took to t ight 
 in the utmost confusion; We remained masters of the ground and 
 of all their plunder. It was a party of twenty-five or thirty, which 
 had been down as low as Penn's creek, and had killed and scalped 
 two or three families. We found several scalps of different ages, 
 and a large quantity of domestic cloth, which we took to Northum- 
 berland, and distributed among the distressed who had escaped the 
 tomahawk." 
 
 1 Van Campen made a mistake in the year, no doubt, and his description would 
 lead one to believe more than two Indians were killed. Grove speaks only of two, 
 and the following item, in the State Treasurer's account, September SO, 1780, indi- 
 cates that Grove was correct ; Oash paid Robert Martin, for Jacob Oreamer, Peter 
 Grove, William Campbell, and Michael Grove, for two Indian scalps, £1,875. The 
 same account September 29, ten head of cattle for the (Jommissioners of Purchases, 
 jei0,400, shows the immense depreciation of currency at this time. 
 
ig2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1780. 
 
 There were four of the Grove brothers, Wendell, Adam, who lived 
 where George Wolfe now lives, in Mortonsville, Michael, who lived 
 on the back road to Mifflinburg, and Peter. Peter disappears very- 
 early from our Valley. The only notices I can find of him are the 
 mixture of truth and fiction, in the Appendix to Meginness' History. 
 Michael lived within the recollection of many of my readers. He 
 died in Nippenose, south of Jersey Shore, in September, 1827, aged 
 seventy, and was brought home, and buried in the Dreisbach grave- 
 yard. Meginness says he was attended by Doctor Davidson in his 
 last illness, and gave a vivid account of the engagement above spoken 
 of. Before they commenced the attack, an old Indian annoyed them 
 very much. He was troubled with a severe cough, and frequently 
 rose up, and looked carefully around, seeming to anticipate danger. 
 At length the old man fell asleep, and they commenced creeping up, 
 intending to use their tomahawks first. One of them, unexpectedly, 
 crawled over an Indian, who lay some distance from the rest, and 
 the old man rose up at this moment. Michael, with a powerful blow 
 with his hatchet, clove the old man's skull, and, striking it into the 
 back of another, could not withdraw it, when the Indian drew him 
 over the bank into the creek, where, however, he succeeded in kill- 
 ing him. Some of the Indians got on to the other side of the creek, 
 and commenced firing, and they had to retire. They waded down 
 the creek, taking to the hills, and, thence over to the Bald Eagle 
 ridge. John Beeber describes Michael as having an eye like a hawk, 
 and being able to travel at night, even in his old age, nearly as well as 
 in day time. He told Beeber that Joseph Groninger, of White Deer, 
 was along, and going up, they stopped at James Ellis', uncle of Wil- 
 liam Cox Ellis, and took their dinner with their rifles on their knees. 
 
 Michael left three children, John, Sarah, married to Samuel Lutz, 
 
 and to Jacob Srnith. To the two girls he gave farms in 
 
 Nippenose, and he was there visiting when he died. His son John 
 is now dead. He left a son, Michael, and daughter, Esther. Mich- 
 ael also died on the old farm, where his grandfather lived. Esther 
 married Enoch Kauffman. Michael's son, Peter, still lives in West 
 Buffalo, and other descendants are in the same township. 
 
 Adam lived on the Nesbit property, which he sold to Thomas 
 Nesbit, in 1822. His son, Samuel, married a sister of the late Joseph 
 Glass, and is the father of Simon, Joseph, William, Mrs. Jacob Parks, 
 
1781.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 193 
 
 and Wesley, (who was starved to death in one of the rebel prisons.) 
 Samuel moved West, where his family has become wealthy, and in- 
 fluential at the bar and other pursuits. 
 
 In July, George Row, of Penn's township, was wounded in the 
 breast, at Fought's mill, (near Mifflinburg,) and died in eight 
 hours. He left a widow, Mary M., who drew a pension for many 
 years afterward. 
 
 The original Barber's mill, on Penn's creek, was built this year by 
 Adam Smith. It was long known as David Smith's mill. The latter 
 sold to Barber and Heise, who built the present structure. 
 
 8th September, General Potter marched a body of one hundred 
 and seventy men to Fort Swartz, and then went up to Colonel Kelly, 
 who lay at the mouth of White Deer creek. Fort Swartz was most 
 likely Peter Swartz's, who lived on the farm now owned by Honor- 
 able George F. Miller. Day's Historical Collections says this fort 
 was a mile above Milton ; but as General Potter says nothing of 
 crossing the river, it was no doubt the block-house at Peter Swartz's. 
 
 24th September, Henry McCracken, private in Captain William 
 Clark's company, killed. He left a widow, Mary, and five children. 
 
 >T 
 
 I78I. 
 
 Narrative of Captain James Thompson — Captain Campleton Killed — 
 Letter from Gteneral Potter — Story of the Emerick Family — Roll 
 OF Peter Q-rove's and McGtrady's Companies — Christian Hetriok 
 AND David Storm Killed. 
 
 EMBER of Council, General James Potter. Assembly, 
 
 WiUiam Maclay, William Montgomery, and Colonel 
 
 William Cooke. Presiding Justice, Frederick Antes. 
 
 Sheriff, James Crawford. Treasurer, William Gray. 
 
 County Commissioners, William Antes, James Espy, and Daniel 
 
 Montgomery. 
 
 13 
 
i()4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 On the nth of April, David Kennedy was appointed Secretary 
 of the Land Office, Colonel Francis Johnston^ Receiver General, 
 and Joha Lukens, Surveyor General. 
 
 Buffalo : Constable, Henry Gilman; Supervisors, AbelRees and 
 John Reighard ; Overseers, Michael Hessler and John Clark. 
 
 loth March, Saturday, at ten^ a. m., Black Ann~,Tor larceny from 
 Eleanor Green, was whipped at the public whipping-post, in Sun- 
 bury — twenty lashes on her bare back, well laid on. 
 
 March 31, Peter Grove, of Buffalo, commissioned lieutenant of 
 the rangers ; Samuel Quinn, ensign. In 1 788, the latter was deputy 
 surveyor, and Quinn's run, in Clinton county, was called from his 
 camping there during that year. 
 
 May 3, fast day, by order of Congress. 
 
 June 26, William Gray, Esquire, appointed paymaster of the 
 militia. 
 
 PenrC s Township Residents, c^c. : Anderson, William, tan-yard ; 
 Arnold, Casper ; Arnold, Widow ; Campbell, Clary, (tenant on 
 Charles Gemberling's place,) he was from Bald Eagle .settlement; 
 Cripps, John; Dillman, Andrew; Espert, Widow; Graybill, John, 
 non-juror ; Gast, Christian ; Grow, Godfrey ; Gillen, William ; 
 Hafflich, Jacob; Heiner, Frederick; Hauser, John; Hessler, Wil- 
 liam; Hassinger, Frederick; Jordan, Benjamin; Jost, Widow; 
 Kester, Peter ; Kerk, Michael ; Kinney, Jacob ; Kohler, Andrew ; 
 Lepley, Jacob ; Miller, Adam ; Miller, Simon ; Maddox, Richard ; 
 Merkel, Peter ; Meraby, Edward ; Pickard, John ; Potter, James, 
 two slaves; Repass, Jacob; Showers, Michael, tenant of Jacob Stees; 
 Stephen, Adam; Shaw, William; Shetterly, John; Witmer, Peter; 
 Woods, Joseph. 
 
 In Buffalo : Antes, Philip ; Baker, John ; Bickle, Widow ; Blair, 
 Samuel; Boatman, Claudius; Coon, John; Dean, David; Fergu- 
 son, James; Green, Joseph, two grist and one saw-mill; Holman, 
 Eli; Houghton, John, tenant of Samuel Maclay; Keen, Jacob, 
 tenant of John Aurand ; Knipper, Paul ; Klinesmith, Widow ; 
 Laughlin, Widow; McAdam, William; McDonald, Widow; Reem, 
 Nicholas; Rezner, John; Templeton, Widow; Trester, William; 
 Vandyke, John ; Watson, James, saw-mill, at Seebold's now. 
 
 White Deer — Single men: Ammon, Philip; Caldwell, James; 
 Clendenning, John ; Collins, Daniel ; Crawford, Robert ; Gamble, 
 
1781.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ig^ 
 
 Charles ; Gibson, James ; Hamel, Charles ; Hayes, David ; Hood, 
 Moses ; Huston, Samuel ; McCartney, Robert ; McKniney, James ; 
 McLaughhn, John; Montgomery, Samuel; Murray, William; Poak, 
 John; Tannehill, John. 
 
 The ejectment for White Deer mills property was resumed. The 
 - suit is brought by Vannost, and has this distorted title : " Timothy 
 Macabees, lessee of James Claypoole, vs. Judias Iscariot, with notice 
 to Catherine Smith, widow in possession." To Movember term we 
 have the commencement of a series of buits between i.udwig Derr 
 and Christian Van Gundy, which, after many years, ended m the 
 pecuhiary ruin of the latter. It was brought to iNlovember term, 
 lessee of Christian Van Gundy vs. Tnomas Troublesome, lessee of 
 Ludwig Derr, with notice to Christian Hettrick, tenant in possession- 
 It astonishes a lawyer of the present how our predecessors managed 
 to keep cases so long in court. Van Gundy's application had not 
 the shadow of chance against Derr's title ; yet the contest went on 
 for years, until Van Gundy's money gave out. This suit was for the 
 present site of Lewisburg. 
 
 Captain dames Thompson's Narrative. 
 
 In the manuscript journal of the late James F. Linn, Esquire, 
 under date of June 14, 1832, is the folio wmg entry : "Old Captain 
 James Thompson was with us last night. He told us a good part of 
 his adventures when with the Indians. He appeared not to wish 
 to tell the story. I got it out of him, only m answers to questions." 
 The narrative was entered in my father's journal. I have supple- 
 mented by the article of Elizabeth Gundaker, now Dale, niece of 
 Captain Thompson, in the Lancaster Intelligencer, 1842. 
 
 "In March, 1781, I was going from this town (Lewisburg) up 
 to my home, on Spruce run, preparatory to following my wife and 
 family down to Penn's creek, whither, 1 had taken them for safety. 
 On the road, between John Linn's old place and Colonel Kelly's, 
 I was captured by four Indians. When we came to the hollow, 
 which is now cleared by Thomas Iddings, tliey discovered a fresh 
 track in the mud, and one of them hallooed ' squaw.' Two of them 
 set off on a run, the remaining two staid with me, one walking 
 before and the other behind. I soon heard the scream of a woman, 
 
ig6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 whereupon, the one behind me gave me a punch in the back with 
 the butt of his gun, and said 'waugh' — run. We all started off on a 
 run, and when we got to the top of the hill, I saw the father of the 
 girl fall, and the Indians seize her. She had lost a shoe in the race. 
 She was Mary Young, the daughter of Mathew Young, who lived 
 on Spruce run. Wilham Hayes now owns the place ; he bought it 
 as James Black's property, a few years ago, (now, 1877, Gabriel 
 Huntingdon's.) We crossed the White Deer mountains, north of 
 the Valley, and camped the second night on Lycoming creek. They 
 tied me, with my arms behind me, to two grubs. I managed to get 
 the cords off, after they got to sleep ; two of them laid on one side 
 of the fire, near ma, and two on the other, with the girl. I tried to 
 get one of the tomahawks, but they were lying upon them. I then 
 got a stone, they had been using to pound corn with, got on my knees 
 near one of them, and prepared to give him a mortal strbke. I 
 intended striking him on the temple, but he had a blanket wrapped 
 around his head, and I struck too high. The Indian gave a yell and 
 awoke the rest. I started to run, but the cord stretched between 
 the two grubs, caught me about the middle, and in trying to get 
 around it, one of the Indians caught me by the coat collar, and 
 in the struggle, tore it clear down to the middle. He drew his 
 tomahawk to strike me, but stopped, and addressed the wounded 
 one in their language. Drew it the second and third time, when I 
 was sure I would get it; but I had made up my mind, to try to 
 catch it, and wrest it from him. They then got a gourd, put shot in 
 it, and tied it to my waist. This was my death warrant. I could 
 have readily escaped myself, but I was anxious to rescue Mary. 
 After that, they tied me so tight, I lossed all feeling in my arms 
 and hands. Before we got to Towanda, one of the Indians shot a 
 turkey, took out the entrails, and roasted them on a stick, and gave 
 them to us. It was very delicious, as we had but a few grains of 
 corn a day to eat. One of them shot a dipper-duck, and skinning 
 it, after making an opening at the belly, slipped it over the hurt 
 man's head for a night-cap. 
 
 "When we got to Towanda, the Indians became careless, supposing 
 there was no danger of my running away. They made me gather 
 wood for the fire, and as I returned each time I slipped a few grains 
 of corn out of the kettle, and every load I wandered further from 
 
1781.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. I97 
 
 camp. At last, seeing no one looking my way, I started with twenty- 
 two grains of corn for a provision for a journey of nearly two hun- 
 dred miles. I could have escaped before, but I could not bear the 
 idea of leaving the girl with them. Her hardships were fearful. 
 Often her clothes were frozen solid af^er wading the creeks. We had 
 encamped that night at the foot of a hill by a stream of water. She 
 urged me to leave her, and finally I followed her advice. I carried 
 two loads, I think, still going further up the hill. I took a different 
 direction from home at first. I stepped upon a rotten stick, which 
 made a noise, and then, mistaking the sound of two trees rubbed 
 together by the wind, for the Indians, I ran with all my might, and 
 reached a pond, in which I buried myself up to the head. Finding 
 the Indians did not come that way, I proceeded, keeping upon 
 the tops of the mountains. One night I spent in a hollow tree. At 
 another time I came very near getting into an Indian encampment 
 before I was aware of it. I saw the Indians pass between me and the 
 fire. At another time, coming upon a camp, the Indians hallooed. 
 I felt certain I was discovered, but squatted down among the bushes, 
 and when they began to cut wood I made off. At one place I found 
 two walnuts, at another the bone of a deer, which I cracked, and 
 sucked the marrow. This, with the corn, was all the provision I had, 
 and, in crossing Lycoming creek, I nearly drowned from excessive 
 weakness. I struck the West Branch a few rods above where we 
 crossed going up, and found one of the canoes lying on the bank, 
 as the river had fallen. I was so weak I could not lift it in, but, by 
 means of a handspike and some rollers, I managed to get it in. After 
 I got it in, I discovered the other canoe sunk, which I ladled out, 
 and lashed to the other. When I got opposite Watsontown, I was so 
 weak I could only lay in the bottom of the canoe, and wave my 
 hands. Fortunately I was here noticed, and the people came to my 
 relief. They considerately fed me with sweet milk only, until I got 
 stronger, but it was some time before I could tell them about my 
 adventures." 
 
 Mary Young they carried with them to their town. They set her 
 to hoeing corn. An old negro, who was also a prisoner, told her to 
 dig up the beans planted with the corn, and they would sell her to 
 the English. She did as she was advised, and they thought her too 
 stupid to learn to work, and sold her. She said two of the Indians 
 
i()8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 pursued Captain Thompson part of two days. The wounded Indian 
 left them shortly after they got out. She supposed he died, as he 
 was very much hurt. Mary was sent to Montreal, and sold. Her 
 purchaser's name was Young, and, on tracing the relationship, they 
 found they were cousins. She remained there until after the war, 
 and then returned to her friends in Buffalo Valley. Tradition says 
 her health was very much undermined, and she died soon after. She 
 was still living in 1787, when her father died ; but I can trace her no 
 further. But for the entry in my father's journal, her history would 
 have been as evanescent as her foot-prints, which revealed her pres- 
 ence to the Indians. 
 
 Captain Thompson removed his family to Chester county, where 
 they remained until after the Indian troubles were all over. They 
 then returned, and he purchased of the widow Dempsey the place 
 now owned by Jacob Ziebach, on Spruce run, in Buffalo, and resided 
 there until the year 1832, when he went to reside with his son-in-law, 
 Boyd Smith, (sq#i of Gideon Smith, who lived at the mouth of Little 
 Buffalo,) near Jersey Shore, where he died, February 9, 1837, aged 
 ninety- three years nine months and nine days. When ten years of 
 age, he was with his father at Braddock's defeat. He was a remark- 
 able man in old age, often walking from Jersey Shore down into Buf- 
 alo Valley, a welcome guest in every house from Pine to Penn's creek. 
 His son William married Susan Linn, in 1804, and removed to Sugar 
 Creek, Venango county. Their son James died from an explosion, 
 which took place in his store, in 1833. He was carrying out ashes 
 in an empty keg, as he supposed, but which had several pounds of 
 powder in it. Ann married John B. McCalmont, Esquire, nephew 
 of old Judge McCalmont. She died in 1 849. John Linn Thompson 
 died in Venango, leaving a family. William resides in New Brighton, 
 Beaver county. 
 
 In a letter to General Potter, Colonel Hunter states that Captain 
 Thomas Kempling, as he writes it, and his eldest son, were killed 
 by the Indians, at the mouth of Muncy creek, in March, 1781. 
 In the petition of his widow, who writes her name Mary Campleton, 
 presented to the Assembly, September 23, 1784, she says : "My 
 husband and son, with others, went on a tour of duty up the West 
 Branch, early in the spring of 1781, and lying one night at the 
 mouth of Muncy creek, in the morning the savages came on them, 
 
1781.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. igg 
 
 when my unfortunate husband and son, with one WilHam Campble, 
 fell a sacrifice to all the cruelties and barbarities that savages could 
 inflict, leaving your petitioner and six children. We were driven 
 lirom house and home, and so reduced that I am unable to return to 
 the place we had improved upon." 
 
 About this time, John Shively who lived on the place now owned 
 by R. V. B. Lincoln, Esquire, was captured by the Indians, in the 
 meadow, in the rear of Esquire Lincoln's house. He was never 
 heard of afterwards. He left a widow and sons. Christian and 
 Frederick, who owned the place until the year 1804. His widow 
 married Philip Mann, who lived in the Valley up to 1805. 
 
 George Rote and his sister Rody, aged about twelve and fourteen, 
 were taken at Mififlinburg, where their father, George Rote (or 
 Rhodes) lived. They were separated and carried into the Corn- 
 planter's country. When peace was proclaimed they were liberated, 
 and met at a furnace, near Clarion, Pennsylvania, and came back 
 together. Rody married James Ben, and they rhoved to Centre 
 county. They were uncle and aunt to the late Captain John Rote, 
 who never could h^rar of an Indian in latter times without getting 
 into a passion. Jacob and Conrad Caderman were captured at the 
 same time. The former told my informant that Limestone hill 
 seemed full of Indians ; that he had a gun and fired into the ground, 
 to indicate that they surrendered. He said he liked Indian life 
 so well that he would have remained among them, but for his wife 
 and children. Conrad played stupid, and did all the mischief he 
 could. They soon got tired of him, and sold him to the English for 
 a five gallon keg of whisky. They both returned and lived long 
 in the Valley. James Ben lived on a place adjoining Philip Fish- 
 burn, now in Spring Creek, Centre county. His wife died many 
 years ago, and he subsequently married a widow Murphy. 
 
 In the' life of Rev. John Dietrich Aurand, Harbaugh's "Fathers," 
 mention is made of his return from the army early this year ; that 
 his mother, Mrs. John Aurand, had died but a short time before his 
 return, and amid the tenderest longings to see her son once more 
 before her departure. A deep sadness took possession of the young 
 soldier's spirit when he found his mother no more among the living. 
 He often went to her grave to weep and pray. She was buried on 
 a gentle knoll on the west side of the present road, and on the south 
 
200 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 side of Turtle creek, near the mouth of the stream, under an aged 
 yellow pine, in the midst of a clump of white pines of smaller 
 growth. 
 
 Tradition has it that a number of people were buried here before 
 and during the Revolution. Bickle, who was killed at Henry Mertz's 
 place, is said to have been buried here. In my earliest recollection 
 it went by the name of the old Indian burying-ground. It is now, 
 however, a cleared fields (1872,) and all marks of its former use 
 probably obliterated. 
 
 SuNBERY, April 12, 1781. 
 
 Sir : I arrived at my house on Sunday last, and on Monday I 
 came to this pleace, and since, I have maid a visite to difrent parts 
 of the frunteers, who I find in great disstress, numbers of them 
 flying for their lives. At this early season of the year, the enemy 
 has maid five different strookes on our frunteers, since the 2 2d of 
 March. On the sixth instant, they fiered on an old man, his son^ and 
 daughter., The boy was shott ded, and the Indians imedatly maid 
 a prisoner of the young woman. The old man had a stick in his 
 hand, with which he nobley defended himself against one of the 
 Indians, who had a tomhack and maid the fellow drope his wapon. 
 Col. Kelly, with a few of his neighbolirs, was in a house at a little 
 distance. On hearing the'* enemy guns go off, run to the pleace, 
 and obleged the enemy to retreat, leving the young woman there 
 prisner, and our brave old Irishman, and his stick behind them, and 
 all there blankets. They out run Col. Kelly and his party, and got 
 off as usile. 
 
 On Sabath day last, the eight instant, in the evening, they came 
 to the house of one Durmes, about five miles from this pleace. 
 Immedatly on there entring they house, they shot Dunn and tooke 
 one Capt. Solomons a prisoner. There was four weemen and a 
 number of children in the house. They plundered the house of 
 every thing that was vallibel. But what is surprising, they went off 
 with Captd. Solomon and there plunder, leving behind the weeman 
 and children. This hapened leaf in the evening. The next day 
 they were persued but not come up with. 
 
 Capt. Robinson has got forty men enlisted for the war, but many 
 of them are so naked, for want of all kinds of clothing, that the can 
 not do duty. They have not a blanket among them all. I know 
 
1781.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 201 
 
 it is not in the power of Council to provide for them at present, but 
 I hope they will as soon as posable. 
 
 I most sincely wished for our Assembly to have been with me in 
 my disagreeable visit along the much disstressed fruntiers. I have 
 not language to express their distresses. 
 
 With great esteem, your humble serv't, 
 
 Jas. Potter. 
 
 Jos. Reed, Pres'f. 
 
 The Story of the Emerick Family. 
 
 On the farm now owned by Jacob Seebold, to the right of the 
 road going to New Berlin, after passing the road through Chappel's 
 Hollow, lived David Emerick, with his wife and four children, his 
 other daughter being down the country at that time. Emerick had 
 first settled upon the tract where the Widow Brown's tavern is, or 
 near it, before the revolutionary war, in 1773, where he built a 
 house, cleared ten acres of land, planted apple trees, &c. He sold 
 this place, by deed dat^d 21st June, 1780, to Daniel Rees. On the 
 15th of November, 1779, he had purchased of Andrew Glen and 
 wife the tract of two hundred and eighty acres, (on which he subse- 
 quently removed, and was captured.) for ^2^925. Here he cleared 
 a piece and built a cabin, and was residing in April, 1781. 
 
 Here Henry Bickel, (who lived where Henry Mertz now does,) was 
 shot. He had come there to help roll logs. His family was not dis- 
 turbed. They plundered Emerick's house of everything, and loaded 
 him down with baggage. After proceeding a little way, they pulled 
 down a sapling, sharpened the end of it, impaled the babe, and let it 
 fiy in the air. Emerick became so exhausted with his load that he sat 
 down upon a log, and refused to go any further. One of the In- 
 dians sank his tomahawk into his head, and killed him. One of the 
 daughters died from excessive bleeding at the nose, on the journey 
 through the wilderness. They were taken to Niagara,^ and the wife 
 and daughters married Indians, their captors ; and many years ago 
 
 1 Heckewelder says, that the Muncys took refuge during the Revolution in 
 Canada, and remained there. It is reasonable, to conclude, that the party mak- 
 ing this descent upon the Valley were of its aboriginal inhabitants, familiar 
 with its localities, and, therefore, able to enter and withdraw with comparative 
 safety. 
 
202 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 Mrs. Emerick and her Indian husband came to Henry Myer's, near 
 Harrisburg, in order to draw some money coming to her from her 
 grandfather's estate. Thus far I had the story from Benjamin Sliell, 
 (court crier,) of New Berlin. Emerick was an uncle of Mr. Shell's 
 mother, and the Emericks came from what is now Dauphin county, 
 and settled, as he heard the story, in the "Shamokin country." 
 
 My own researches among the records developed the dates and 
 the rest of the narrative. There is on record, in Sunbury, a letter of 
 attorney, dated the 12th of January, 1805, recorded in deed book 
 M, page 516, the parties to which are Archibald Thompson, of Stam- 
 ford, in the district of Niagara, province of Upper Canada, and 
 Catherine, his wife, formerly the widow of David Emerick, to James 
 Thompson, of the same place, authorizing him to collect their inter- 
 est in the rents, issues, and profits of lands, and all the goods and 
 chattels, late of David Emerick ; and also from the heirs and execu- 
 tors of Conrad Sharp, of Berks county, their interest in his estate. 
 It is dated at Willoughby, and acknowledged before Archibald Stew- 
 art. It is recorded on the 4th of March, 1805. It is followed by 
 a Jetter of attorney from James Thompson to George Schoch, to sell 
 and convey their interest in a tract of land, in Buffalo township, 
 adjoining lands of Hessler, Hugh Beatty, George Olds, and James 
 Jenkins, containing one hundred and seventy- one acres, "which 
 they hold as tenants, in common with John Bickle," recited to be 
 conveyed by Andrew Glen and wife. On referring to deed book 
 C, page 378, it will appear that Andrew Glen and Sarah, his wife, 
 on the i6th of November, 1779, deeded to David Emerick, a war- 
 rant of the 15th of December, 1772, for two hundred and eighty 
 acres, consideration, ^2,925. It describes the land as adjoining 
 Thomas Sutherland, James Hunter, and George Olds. 
 
 9th August, 1786, John Aurand appointed guardian of Margaret 
 and Catherine Emerick, children of David Emerick, deceased. Ei- 
 nally there is a release recorded at Lewisburg, dated the 26th of Sep- 
 tember, 1 81 6, from James Thompson to George Schoch, which recites 
 that David Emerick left a widow, named Catherine, and two daugh- 
 ters, Margaret, intermarried with James Thompson, and the other 
 intermarried with George Bauder, and he, Thompson, releases his 
 wife's share of David Emerick's estate, amounting to ^516 75. So 
 it seems that the wife, and at least one of the daughters, married 
 
1781.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 203 
 
 their captors, who, many years after, came back and received their 
 share of the estate of the man they murdered. Mr. Shell said Mrs. 
 Emerick was infatuated with the Indian style of life, and endeavored 
 to persuade some of her female relatives to go off with them when 
 here. The recollection of one of the old inhabitants of the Valley 
 was, that they came here in grand style, on horseback, Mrs. Emer- 
 ick decorated with all the tinsel of Indian dress. 
 
 In 1825, Bonham's heirs brought an ejectment against William 
 Gibbons, for a tract of land, in the warrantee name of David Emer- 
 ick, and, to sustain their title, gave in evidence a deed, dated the 
 2ist of June, 1780, from David Emerick to Daniel Rees, under 
 whom Bonham claimed. The evidence on the trial is all lost, but 
 from some manuscript notes taken by the late James F. Linn, it 
 appears that the defense, who had no real defense, subpoenaed all 
 the old settlers in the country to prove that David Emerick was killed 
 in 1778 or 1779, from which the lawyers argued the deed a forgery, 
 though it purported to be acknowledged before Christopher Gettig, 
 Esquire. We are unable to say exactly, but think this was a dodge 
 of the lawyers, taken upon the second trial, the other side, Mr. Bellas 
 and Hepburn never dreaming of parol testimony thus affecting their 
 title. Ainong others called to prove that Emerick was killed prior 
 to the date of the deed, was Michael Smith, grandfather of A". W. 
 Smith, Esquire. He said " I was living in the place where I am now 
 living (1830 ^) during the revolutionary war. There was a massacre 
 by the Indians in Dry valley. Henry Bickle was killed ; the only 
 one, as far as we know. David Emerick and his family were taken 
 prisoners on the same day. His woman came in afterward, and 
 said Emerick was killed on the road. David Emerick never appeared 
 again. It was three years afterward when his wife returned. She 
 was afterward married to Thompson, in York State. I was eight or 
 nine years of age at the time of the massacre. Bickle's wife had a 
 son, about four months after his murder. He is now in court, and 
 his name is Henry Bickle. I was born in 1769. I saw Henry 
 Bickle after he was murdered. My father lived about two miles from 
 Bickle at that time. My wife's mother and Emerick's ^wife's mother 
 were sisters. I saw Thompson after he was married to Mrs. Emerick. 
 They were married about the last of the war, or in it. 
 
 Smith lived on Kunkle's place, west of Henry Mertz. 
 
204 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 "Lee's massacre was about a year after Emerick's. It was in Dry 
 Valley, and about the time of the general runaway. I saw Lee's fam- 
 ily all lying scalped. Emerick has some children. I never saw any 
 of them. There was one of the girls down below at the time, and 
 was at my house about a year ago. Emerick lived near the hill, not 
 far from Hummel's tavern, in Dry Valley. Emerick's children were 
 all taken, except the one below. I saw Lees' killed in the house 
 where they were killed. They had their heads all scalped, and were 
 laid on a bundle of straw." Jacob Bower, of Union township, whose 
 deposition was read, stated that knew David Emerick, and, three 
 years after he became acquainted with him, he was taken by the In- 
 dians. " They killed him on the hill, and we fled to Lee's, and lived 
 there until after hay-making. Lee was after the Indians when Trin- 
 kle and Faught were killed. Lee was killed by the Indiaiis after- 
 wards. Emerick was not taken prisoner the same summer Lee was 
 killed, but the year we lived at Lee's." 
 
 Henry Bickle, sworn : "I am fifty-one or fifty-two years of age, and 
 was born in 1778 or 1779, one of the two. I have been always told 
 I was born about four months after my father was killed. I saw 
 Emerick's wife when she was in. My mother lives twenty miles from 
 here. Mrs. Emerick gave me a pen-knife when she was in. I can- 
 not recollect how long since. My mother is eighty-five the 7th of 
 next September. I was born in July, and my father was killed in 
 April, as I have always been told by my mother and others. Emer- 
 ick's wife and my mother were sisters. My mother was married to 
 old George Schoch, who is since dead. She has lost her mind, and 
 would not do any good if she were here." 
 
 The plaintiffs then gave in evidence the records of an ejectment, 
 No. 138, May Term, 1834. James Thompson and Margaret, his 
 wife, late Margaret Emerick, in right of said Margaret, George Ban- 
 der and Catherine, his wife, late Catherine Emerick, vs. David Zeluff 
 and Robert Hilands, and called the late James Merrill, Esquire, who 
 said that he had brought "this suit at the instance of David Thorburn, 
 who showed me a power of attorney, which he took away with him 
 again. I never knew the man before. He said he lived in Canada." 
 
 They also offered letters from Thorburn from Canada, post-marked 
 Lewistown, which were rejected. This ejectment was non-prossed 
 under the rules. 
 
1781.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 203 
 
 Defendants called Philip Hoyens, who swore he knew David Em- 
 erick and Henry Bickle. " Emerick first lived on the Gibbons place. 
 He made an improvement, built a house, and cleared about ten acres. 
 Bickle and Emerick were killed by the Indians. I think they took 
 Emerick away a piece. Emerick moved to this place of Gibbons' 
 before the war. It was two miles from Northumberland." 
 
 Instead of contending stoutly that such evidence could not contra- 
 dict a deed as to date, and could raise no presumption of death as 
 against a written document, Mr. Hepburn, for the plaintiff, seemed 
 to yield to the force of the old men's testimony, and said that Emer- 
 ick's name might be a fictitious one, which Bonham had used ; it 
 was the practice of the day to use fictitious names to obtain a warrant 
 of survey, and argued further, that there was no evidence that the 
 David Emerick killed by the Indians was the one who owned this 
 land. 
 
 The jury, in the former trial, had found for the defendants. It 
 was taken to the Supreme Court, and the case is reported in 2 Rawle, 
 45, reversed on error of the judge. At this, the second trial, they 
 came in with a sealed verdict, finding for defendant again. On be- 
 ing polled, one dissented, and they were sent out, and, not being 
 able to agree, they were discharged. 
 
 At May Term, 1830, the cause was called again, and after the jury 
 were in the box, the parties settled by an agreement that Gibbons 
 should hold the interference during life, after which it was to revert 
 to Bonham's heirs. Lashells and Greenough were for the defense, as 
 could be guessed by any one reading the trial, and knowing their 
 peculiar ability in ejectment cases. 
 
 An examination of the assessment books in the commissioners' office, 
 would have shown that John Lee was assessor on the 27th of March, 
 1782, wherefore, according to the testimony of all the witnesses, the 
 Bickle and Emerick massacre must have been in 1 781 . The deed from 
 Glen and wife to Emerick, showed that Emerick was alive on the 
 15th of November, 1779, while Smith and Bickle's testimony would 
 make out that he was killed in 1 778 or 1 779. The assessment books 
 show that Emerick and Bickle were both alive on ist of November, 
 1780, and in the one made by John Lee himself, in March, 1782, 
 for the year 1781, Bickle's property is assessed to his widow, and the 
 
20b ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. I 1781. 
 
 name and family of Emerick disappear forever from the assessment 
 lists after 1781. 
 
 Hummel's tavern, in Dry valley, was at the intersection of the 
 roads at Adam Miller's, beyond Samuel Guise's. 
 
 The Fought and Trinkle murders I can get no trace of, except 
 the allusion in this evidence. They both lived in Dry valley. 
 
 Henry Bickle, who was killed when Emerick's family was cap- 
 tured, left the following family : Christopher, the eldest, who took 
 the farm in 1792, at 40 shillings per acre; Maria C, married to 
 Benjamin Stroh; Elizabeth afterwards married Jacob Kamerlin. 
 Henry, as stated. The widow, Esther Regina, married George 
 Schoch. Christopher sold it to John Meyer in 1806, who sold to 
 Daniel Nyhart, who sold, 4th May, 1822, to Jacob Mertz, whose 
 son, Henry, resides at the old place. 
 
 John Wierbach's daughter, (sister of Nicholas and John,) of 
 Buffalo, was carried off by the Indians. She married among them, 
 and after the war her father went West, and found her, but could 
 never induce her to return, though he offered every inducement he 
 could. She preferred the wild life of the savages. 
 
 Pay-roll of Peter Grove's Detachment for Services on the Frontier, 
 
 June I. 
 
 Lieutenant — Grove, Peter. 
 
 Sergeants — Clark, William; Wilson, Matthew. 
 
 Privates — Trester, John; Lamberson, Nicholas; Rough, John; 
 Barber, Uriah ; Trester, Jacob ; Shock, John ; Fisher, Paul ; Bower, 
 George ; Bradley, Matthew ; Bower, Daniel ; Houser, Jacob ; Har- 
 riott, William; Grove, Michael. 
 
 Pay-roll of Lieutenant Samuel McGradfs Detachment. 
 
 Lieutenant — McGrady, Samuel. 
 
 Sergeants — Montgomery, Samuel; Armstrong, Daniel. 
 
 Privates — Love, Robert ; Daraugh, Ephraim ; Fleming, ^ Hans ; 
 Fulton, Samuel; Marshall, William; Lykens, Joseph; Misener, 
 John ; Clark, George ; Rees, Daniel ; Speddy, William ; Pollock, 
 
 ^ His proper name was Archibald Fleming. He lived at Shippensburg in August, 
 1799, as appears by his receipt. 
 
1781.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 20j 
 
 William ; Dougherty, William ; McClung, Charles ; English, Wil- 
 Uam; Allen, Robert; Parsons, Barnabas; McGrady, Alexander. 
 
 In 1 781, the first battalion of Northumberland county militia, 
 commanded by Colonel John Kelly, was composed of the following 
 
 companies : 
 
 Captain John Foster, numbering, officers and privates, 55 men. 
 " James Thompson, " " " 44 " 
 
 " George Overmeier, " " " 5^ " 
 
 Samuel Fisher, " " " 55 " 
 
 " Samuel Young, " " "51 " 
 
 Abraham Piatt, " " " 53 " 
 
 '• WiUiam Irvine, " " " 53 " 
 
 WilhamGray, '' " " 44 " 
 
 Among the rangers commanded by Captain Thomas Robinson, 
 June I , occur the following from Buffalo Valley : Claudius Boat- 
 man, fifer, William Armstrong, Ludwig Rough, Conrad Kather- 
 man, Jacob Links. 
 
 The names of Thomas Perry, Hugh Rodman, John Linn, Wil- 
 liam Black, James Rodman, James Boyd, Thomas Black, John 
 Rhea, William Black, James Hamersly, appear among those who 
 received pay for seven months' services. 
 
 Indian Outrages in the Valley. 
 July 18, Colonel Hunter writes that the Indians have again made 
 their appearance, and that there were no stores of any kind, and 
 meat very scarce in the county. 
 
 / August 3 , Walter Clark and William Antes write : ' ' With pain and 
 with the utmost truth we are obliged to declare that we cannot com- 
 ply with the law passed for supplies. The whole personal property 
 of the county, even if removed to a place where cash could be paid 
 for it, would not pay the tax. The improvements are grown up, 
 burned, or destroyed, and the most of the personal property moved 
 into the lower counties." 
 
 September, Captain Robinson Avrites : ''The savages have been 
 quiet for some time. They made their appearance in harvest, but did 
 no damage. Lieutenant Van Campen and six men have gone up into 
 the Indian country, to discover their moves." He recommends 
 Doctor Eaker, who was then in the county, and intended to settle 
 
2o8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1781. 
 
 there, for surgeon of his company, and refers to Doctor Shippen, 
 who knew him. 
 
 October 26, Wilham Antes, James Espy, and Daniel Montgom- 
 ery, the county commissioners, write : " That the county books and 
 papers are yet in Paxton ; that it appeared by the treasurer's books 
 that the residents paid their taxes, while the non-residents did not; 
 that they would now proceed with the tax business with dispatch." 
 
 6th October, Christian Hetrick, a private in Captain Samuel Mc- 
 Grady's seven-months men, was killed. He lived at Derr's, and his 
 party was called out upon the appearance of some Indians on Buf- 
 falo creek. They did not come up with them, and on Hetrick's re- 
 turn home, a mile and a half above Gundy's mill, he was shot. When 
 found he had a bullet wound, and was scalped and tomahawked. His 
 widow, whose name was Agnes, married Ephraim Morrison, in 1787, 
 and from an affidavit made to get a pension for Hetrick's children, 
 I got the facts. Her children were Andrew, born May i, 1775; 
 Catherine, 15th March, 17773 Elizabeth, 15th June, 1779; Polly, 
 i6th October, 1781. He was one of the first residents upon the site 
 of Lewisburg, and is buried just above Andrew Wolfe's, where the 
 rocks jut out upon the road, in the corner of the woods. My father 
 often pointed out the place, but he did not know the man's name. 
 
 During this year David Storms was killed, on the place now owned 
 by Esquire Cameron, in Buffalo, (Benjamin Lahr tenant.) David 
 Storms, a son, married Elizabeth Baker, aunt of Mrs. John Beeber, 
 from whom I received the story. David Storms, the son, lived 
 awhile in Centre county, and laid out Stormstown, called after him. 
 David Storms, senior, was outside the house at work, and his two 
 daughters were engaged spinning. He saw the Indians, and ran 
 into the house. They knocked the door in, killed and scalped him. 
 The girls ran up stairs into different rooms. The one closed the 
 door ; the other got behind the open door. They killed the one, and 
 an Indian looked in the other room ; seeing no one, went down stairs. 
 She watched them from the window, and, thinking they noticed her, 
 she sank down in a fainting fit ; but they did not return. 
 
 19th October, Jane, widow of William McClung, killed at Fort 
 Freeland, was married by the Rev. Hugh Rlagill, to David Martin. 
 She had three children, the youngest not born when their father was 
 killed. 
 
1782.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2og 
 
 Among those deceased this year occur Casper Yost, of Penn's ; 
 William Rodman, of White Deer ; (his widow, Martha, afterwards 
 married James Fleming.) Children : James, Thomas, Alexander, 
 John, Samuel, Benjamin, and William. 
 
 1^8^. 
 
 Indian Incursions — Rezner Killed — Major John Lee Killed — History 
 OF Lee's Family, and Walker's — Death of Captain Casper Weitzel. 
 
 ^ILLIAM MOORE, President of the State. James Pot- 
 ter, Vice President. Frederick Antes, Presiding Judge. 
 At the general election held in October, William Mont- 
 gomery, William Cooke, and William Maclay were 
 elected members of the General Assembly. Thomas Grant received 
 the highest number of votes for Sheriff, but Henry Antes, the next 
 highest in number of votes, received the commission ; John Chat- 
 tam. Coroner ; and David Mead was elected County Commissioner. 
 The officers of Buffalo were : Constable, Peter Burns ; Supervisor, 
 Nicholas Reem ; Overseers, Michael Hessler and George Hains. 
 
 In Penn's township, George Herrold is assessed with two mills 
 and a ferry ; Tobias Bickle, senior, with a tan-yard ; William An- 
 derson, tan-yard. Additional residents : Frederick Bubb, Frederick 
 Guy, (non-juror,) Andrew Gift, John Rush. 
 
 Captain Matthew Smith was a better warrior, no doubt, than 
 prothonotary, but answered for war times, when there was little to 
 do. I copy a specimen of his orphans' court records : 
 
 "At an orphans' court held at Sunbury, January ii, 1782, 
 the court are of opinion, from information given, that Benj. Elliot 
 and Jean Irwin (alias Elliot) be and appear at Sunbury, on Mon- 
 day, the 14th inst., to answer said court on some complaint of 
 misdemeanour. Fail not under the penalty of ^j^ioo. Note : the 
 14 
 
210 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1782. 
 
 complaint is that the estate of Richard Irwin is embezzhng, and 
 that the above Benjamin and Jean is to be provided with security 
 to cloath, maintain, and educate the minor children ; otherwise, 
 other security will be given, that no expense will accrue to the said 
 minor children. 
 
 Matthew Smith." 
 
 The Indian outrages commenced early this year, and on the ist 
 of May Captain Joseph Green had a party out in defense of the 
 frontier. 
 
 May 6, Edward Tate, a private in Captain George Overmeier's 
 company, was wounded by a ball through ^his foot, in an engage- 
 ment with the Indians, which ocurred on a place then occupied by 
 Frederick Wise, (now in Limestone township, somewhere between 
 Mifflinburg and Wehr's tavern.) A number of the company were 
 on a scout, and were talking, at the time, of the merits of their 
 respective guns. One said he could shoot the drop from an Indian's 
 nose. Just at that moment the Indians, who were in ambush, fired 
 upon them, and several fell. Tate, who was wounded, ran and 
 concealed himself. An Indian, in pursuit, came near to where he 
 lay, and looked over the fence, but did not discover him. Philip 
 Seebold, whose authoritv was old Mrs. Overmeier, said the names 
 of the two men killed were Lee and Rezner ; that their bodies were 
 brought to Captain Overmeier's, and she washed them, and they were 
 buried in the grave-yard at Dry run, near late Philip Seebold's resi- 
 dence. 
 
 Major Lee and others Killed by the Indians. 
 
 The attack on John Lee's (now Winfield) was made in August. 
 A letter directed to Colonel Magaw, at Carlisle, found among his 
 papers, from Colonel Butler, dated 25th August, says, a party of 
 Indians, supposed to be sixty or seventy in number, killed Mr. Lee 
 and family, a few miles above Sunbury. Letters of administration 
 were issued to Captain John Lowdon and Thomas Grant on the 
 31st of August. Lee was assessor in April of this year. 
 
 I copy from Meginness his narration of the occurrence, as I can 
 find no contemporaneous account of it. Meginness, however, con- 
 founds Major John Lee with Sergeant Lee, killed at Fort Rice, on 
 
1782.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 211 
 
 the 24th of October, and relates an incident occurring at Sergeant 
 Lee's funeral as happening at Major Lee's funeral : 
 
 "It was a summer evening, and his family were at supper. A 
 young woman named Katy Stoner escaped up stairs, and concealed 
 herself behind the chimney. Lee was tomahawked and scalped, and 
 a man named John Walker shared the same fate. A Mrs. Boatman 
 and daughter were also killed. Mrs. Lee, with a small child and a 
 boy named Thomas, were led away captives. They took the path 
 up the Valley, crossing White Deer mountain, and then the river. 
 One of Lee's sons, Robert, returning about the time, saw the In- 
 dians leaving. He fled to Northumberland, and gave the alarm. 
 A party was organized by Colonel Hunter, and started in pursuit. 
 Henry McHenry, father of A. H. McHenry, of Jersey Shore, was in 
 this party, and gave an account of it to his son. In crossing the 
 mountains, Mrs. Lee was bitten by a rattlesnake, and her leg became 
 so much swollen, she traveled with great difficulty. Tne Indians 
 finding themselves pursued, urged her on as rapidly as possible, but 
 her strength failed her. When near the mouth of Pine run, four 
 miles below Jersey Shore, she gave out and sat down. An Indian 
 slipped up behind her, placed the muzzle of his rifle to her ear, and 
 blew off the whole upper portion of her head. One of them seized 
 her little child by the heel and dashed it against a tree. They then 
 fled, crossing the river at Smith's fording, and ran up Nippenose 
 bottom. When Colonel Hunter came up with his men, the body of 
 Mrs. Lee was yet warm, and the child, but little injured, was moan- 
 ing piteously. Near Antes' Gap the Indians separated, and ran up 
 both sides of the mountain, and the party gave up the chase, as they 
 were nearly exhausted. They came back and buried Mrs. Lee where 
 she died, and brought the child back. They dug a hole alongside 
 of Walker's body and rolled him in. Mrs. Boatman's daughter sur- 
 vived and lived many years afterwards. Young Thomas Lee was 
 not recovered for many years afterwards. His brother made arrange- 
 ments with the Indians to bring him to Tioga Point, (Athens now,) 
 where he was delivered to his friends. Such was his love of Indian 
 Hfe that they were obUged to tie him and place him into a canoe to 
 bring him home. When near Wilkesbarre they untied him, but as 
 soon as the canoe touched the shore, he was out and off" like a deer. 
 They caught him, however, and, on arriving at Northumberland, he 
 
212 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1782. 
 
 evinced all the suUenness of a captive. Boys and girls played about 
 him for several days before he showed any disposition to join them. 
 At last he began to inquire the names of things. By degrees he 
 became civiUzed, and obtained a good education." — Meginness, 
 page 276. 
 
 John Van Buskirk told me when he came to the Valley, in 181 6, 
 the' old people thereabouts showed him the spot where Lee was 
 killed, by what is now (1877) a blasted pine, some little distance 
 in a westerly course from the furnace stone stable; and he said Lee 
 was buried, with his family, near their residence, which Isaac Eyer, 
 senior, tells me, stood just where the furnace railroad crosses the 
 road to the river, and that his father lived in it until he built the 
 new house, within his own recollection. 
 
 I once had occasion to examine the title papers of Youngman's 
 and Walter's place. Among them is the release of Thomas Lee, 
 the eldest son, his signature, excellent hand- writing, dated ist April, 
 1797, to Robert Lee, of Point township. Release of Sarah, mar- 
 ried to William Beard, of Lycoming county, 24th April, 1797, to 
 Robert. Rebecca, married to Robert Hursh, of Lycoming county, 
 of same date ; and Eliza Lee. She was probably the infant spoken 
 of in the narrative. Robert Lee then sold to Abraham Eyerly, 
 (now Eyer,) 2d May, 1797. 
 
 The sequel to John Walker's murder, Mr. Meginness relates, as 
 follows : "In the year 1790 his sons Benjamin, Joseph, and Henry 
 Walker were living on a farm not far from the mouth of Pine creek, 
 a few miles above Jersey Shore, when two Indians, one a youth and 
 the other a middle-aged, well-proportioned man, came into the 
 neighborhood. At Stephenson's tavern, near the mouth of the 
 creek, some people, and among them the Walkers, had gathered.. 
 The Indians got drunk, and performed many antics ; and the old 
 Indian, putting on the most horrid grimaces, and twisting his face 
 into all sorts of shapes, said, ' this is the way old Walker looked 
 when I killed and scalped him.' That evening the brothers per-, 
 suaded one Samuel Doyle to accompany them, and murdered the 
 Indians, placing their bodies in the creek near where Phelps' mill 
 stands. The bodies were washed out by a freshet, and suspicion 
 pointed to the Walkers, who fled the country." 
 
 The county records show that letters upon the estate of John 
 
1782.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 213 
 
 Walker were granted to his widow, Jane, and eldest son, Benjamin, in 
 August 1782, and the rest of his family consisted of William, who 
 died before 1790, (leaving a son, John,) Henry, Joseph, John, 
 Samuel, and Sarah, married to William Morrison. 
 
 During this year, a boy sent to Van Gundy's mill (now J. W. 
 Shriner's, near Lewisburg,) was shot from his horse. This occurred 
 on the Meixell place, a short distance above Francis Wilson's. He 
 was only fourteen years of age, and his name has not been preserved, 
 but the spot, a marsh by the present road, was haunted, people said, 
 by his ghost riding a white horse. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Casper Weitzel, Esquire, was a lawyer, practicing at Sunbury, 
 when the war broke out, in 1775, and as secretary of the county 
 committee, took a very active part in favor of independence. In 
 1776 he raised a company in and around Sunbury, which was at- 
 tached to Colonel Miles' regiment, and participated in the disastrous 
 battle of the 27th of August, on Long Island. He fought through 
 the British ranks, and made his way into camp, with Lieutenant 
 Colonel Brodhead, with a loss of twenty, officers and men, of his 
 company. His rolls, written in his own neat hand, are in the office 
 of the Secretary of the Commonwealth. He was a granduncle of 
 P. R. Weitzel, Esquire, of Scranton, Pennsylvania. 
 
 John Smith, of Buffalo township ; his children were Mrs. Cath- 
 erine Norgang and Mrs. Christian Storms. Martin Trester and 
 Adam Smith, of Buff"alo. James Poak, of White Deer, leaving a 
 widow, Mary ; Sarah, married to Colonel John Kelly ; Deborah, to 
 Ephraim Darrough, — James, Thomas, William, and David were his 
 children. He lived at the mouth of Little Buffalo creek. Fort Horn, 
 (Cameron's.) 
 
>7Q 
 
 1783. 
 
 State Officials — Election Returns — Contested Election — Reverend 
 Cyriacus Spangenberg — The Brady Family. 
 
 TATE OFFICIALS: His Excellency, John Dickinson, 
 President. Judges of the High Court of Errors and 
 Appeals, John Dickinson, Samuel Miles, and Henry 
 Wyncoop. Edward Burd, Prothonotary. 
 
 Councillor, John Boyd. Members of Assembly, William Maclay, 
 James McClenachan, and William Cooke. President Justice, Wil- 
 liam Montgomery. Prothonotary, Major Lawrence Keene, appointed 
 September 25, vice Matthew Smith. (Among the applicants for this 
 appointment were Colonel Atlee and Daniel Montgomery.) County 
 Commissioner, John Clarke. County Treasurer, Frederick Antes, 
 appointed October 2o.~" Collector of Excise, William Wilson, ap- 
 pointed October 20. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo : Constable, Ludwig Derr ; Supervisors, Jacob 
 Dreisbach and John Dabellon ; Overseers, George Overmeier and 
 Alexander McGrady. Additional residents : Foster, Andrew ; Foster, 
 Thomas ; Frederick, Thomas ; Garret, John ; Greenhoe, Andrew ; 
 Gibson, James ; Gray, John ; Grosvenor, Richard ; Gunner, Jacob; 
 Hart, John ; Harman, Samuel ; Hanna, Isaac; Kennedy, Alexander ; 
 Knox, George ; Lincoln, Mishael ; May, George ; Macpherson, 
 John; Spangler, Christian ; Thompson, John, junior; Troxell, 
 George. Improvement, Andrew Morrow, grist and saw-mill. 
 
 Residents of White Deer : Iddings, Samuel ; Potter, James, Es- 
 quire. 
 
 Penn's : Boop, George ; Moore, George ; Pyle, George ; Sherk, 
 John ; Weaver, Michael. Widow Stees is taxed with grist and saw- 
 mill. 
 
 21^ 
 
1783.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
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2i6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 Two returns were made of this election, one signed by Elias 
 Youngman, Anthony Geiger, and John Tschops, judges of the 
 Augusta or Sunbury district, and Jacob Dreisbach, for the Buffalo 
 district, certifying to the election of Samuel Hunter, junior, and 
 William Gray, of Buffalo, as members of the Council of Censors ; 
 John Boyd, as member of the Supreme Executive Council ; William 
 Maclay, William Cooke, and John Weitzel, as members of Assem- 
 bly; John Byers, Commissioner; Henry Antes, Sheriff, &c.; the 
 other return, signed by James Murray, James Espy, and Simon 
 Spaulding, of the Northumberland district, and Richard Manning, 
 of the Muncy district, certified to the election of William Mont- 
 gomery and Samuel Hunter as Censors, Robert Martin as Councillor, 
 James McClenachan, Daniel Montgomery, and Frederick Antes as 
 members of Assembly; Henry Antes, Sheriff; John Clarke, Com- 
 missioner, &c. 
 
 The former judges arrived at their result by throwing out the 
 Northumberland and Muncy boxes. They did this because in- 
 truders from Wyoming were allowed to vote at Northumberland, 
 and residents upon the Indian lands were allowed to vote at Muncy. 
 
 On the 25th of November, the House of Representatives arrived 
 at a little different result, by rejecting the Muncy box alone, thus 
 admitting William Maclay, William Cooke and James McClenachan 
 as members;- Samuel Hunter and William Montgomery became 
 members of the Council of Censors, on November 13, by counting 
 all the votes ; John Boyd, Councillor, and John Clarke, (Buffalo,) 
 County Commissioner. 
 
 The deposition of Thomas Hamilton proved that, at the Muncy 
 election, Richard Manning, who lived on Long Island, supposed to 
 be Indian land, acted as judge, and David McKinney, who lived 
 opposite the Great Island, on Indian land, acted as inspector ; that 
 John Price, Jojm Hamilton, Britton Caldwell, one Thorp, and 
 others, who resided upon Indian land had voted at the Muncy dis- 
 trict election, held at Amariah Sutton's. The Muncy district was 
 composed of Bald Eagle and Muncy. Robert Fleming was the only 
 one from Bald Eagle who voted. Manning testified that he acted 
 as judge ; lived on Long Island ; that Daugherty, who acted as 
 inspector of the election, lived fifteen miles from the district, in 
 Turbut township, which was in the Northumberland district ; that 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 217 
 
 the Indian land men voted generally in favor of Montgomery, Antes, 
 and McClenachan for Assembly, &c. 
 
 William Sims' testimony, with that of others, in regard to the 
 Northumberland box, was that he had been up at Wyoming, and 
 saw William Bonhani there, in company with Colonel Zebulon But- 
 ler, and Bonham acknowledged to him that it was his business there 
 to get the Wyoming people to go down to Northumberland and 
 vote ; that Bonham was exceedingly busy in inviting and persuading 
 the New England people to go down and vote ■ that Colonel Butler 
 told Captain Gaskins that there would be over one hundred down ; 
 that many of them were in Northumberland and had voted, and 
 Bonham kept an open house for them ; heard Bonham tell Schotl 
 to go up to his house and get his dinner ; and further said the elec- 
 tion had cost him $20. Captain Spaulding, one of the New Eng- 
 land men, acted as judge, and Lord Butler, son of Colonel Zebulon, 
 acted as clerk. 
 
 Simon Spaulding testified that he lived at Stoke \ had been seven 
 years captain in the army, &c. ; that the principle on which the 
 people came down to vote was to show their design of conforming 
 to the laws of Pennsylvania, and that they took that as the first op- 
 portunity of doing it, &c. 
 
 A petition to the Assembly remonstrating against receiving the 
 returns from Muncy and Northumberland was numerously signed 
 by the inhabitants along Penn's creek, and of Buffalo Valley, and 
 other parts of the county. Among the names of the Hesslers, 
 Ulrichs, Jacob Welker, &c., occurs that of Cyriacus Spangenberg, 
 V. D. M. The autograph is that of an elegant penman, and fixes 
 the date of his residence on Penn's creek two years earlier than 
 Doctor Harbaugh supposed when he wrote the following notice of 
 him: " In the latter part of the year, one Rev. Cyriacus Spangen- 
 berg, who had come over with the Hessian mercenaries, and had 
 secured, irregularly, ordination by a frivolous preacher named Philip 
 J. Michael, thus, not by the door, but ' climbing up some other 
 way,' was this wolf admitted into the fold ; located near Selinsgrove 
 and began to preach there, at Row's Church, Mahantango, Middle 
 Creek, and other places. 
 
 "Such characters often found their way into the quiet and rural 
 settlements of Pennsylvania, as the serpent did into Eden, insinuate 
 
2r8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 themselves into the favor of the needy and unsuspecting, before 
 their old sins could follow them, or new ones could disclose their 
 true character. Hungry souls, who had been for years without the 
 ministry, would hope the best, even amid doubts and fears, and thus 
 were in a favorable position to be deceived. " Like all others, the 
 German Reformed Church has not escaped these painful afflictions. 
 
 "Spangenberg was not long here before his true character ap- 
 peared. He had represented himself as a single man, drew upon 
 himself the affections of a young female, obtained her promise of 
 marriage, and the day was fixed for the wedding. But on the day 
 previous, a letter was discovered from his wife, still living in Europe. 
 This at once arrested the whole business, and set the son of perdition 
 bare before the community. He now left Selinsgrove, to the great 
 rehef of the people. There are still (1857) aged persons along 
 Penn's creek, who in youth heard the story of this vagabond's 
 doings, and much of it still floats, in half uncertain tradition, among 
 those of the present generation. 
 
 "His fate will interest our readers. In 1795 he had succeeded in 
 introducing himself to congregations in (then) Bedford county, in- 
 cluding Berlin, now Somerset county, Pennsylvania. A division 
 had for some time been growing wider in the congregation at 
 Berlin — some anxious to be relieved of him, others as desirous of 
 retaining him. On a day appointed for a vote, the people assembled 
 in the church, Spangenberg being also present. Just before voting, 
 a pious and influential elder, named Jacob Glassmore, who sat in 
 the altar with Spangenberg, made some remarks favoring a change- 
 of ministers, and expressed a hope that the result of the vote would 
 show that the congregation were inclined in that way. Whereupon 
 Spangenberg sprang to his feet in wrath, drew a dirk from his pocket 
 and plunged it into the elder's heart. In a moment Elder Glassmore 
 lay in' blood and death in the altar before the whole congregation." 
 
 " Spangenberg was seized immediately and placed in Bedford jail. 
 His trial ended on the 27th of April, and he was found guilty of 
 murder in the first degree. Efforts were made with the Governor 
 for a pardon, or to have the sentenced commuted. The Governor 
 submitted the records to the chief justice. The reply was unfavora- 
 ble, and on the loth of October, 1795, between ten a. m. and two 
 p. M., Spangenberg was hanged at Bedford." 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2ig 
 
 Remim'scences of the Brady Family. 
 
 October 20, died Mrs. Mary Brady, widowof Captain John Brady. 
 Her remains rest in the Lewisburg cemetery. She died on the Ja- 
 phet Morton place, a long tract, which extends from (and gives the 
 name to) Mortonsville, (better known as Smoketown,) up to .the 
 place lately owned by John Schrack, Esquire. She was born in 1 735 , 
 and her maiden name was Quigley. She died at the early age of 
 forty-eight years, and left the following family : 
 
 Captain Samuel Brady, born 1758, at Shippensburg. James 
 Brady, killed in 1778. John Brady, born 1761, and known as 
 Sheriff. Mary (married to Captain William Gray, of Sunbury,) died 
 December 13, 1850. William P. Brady, who removed to Indiana 
 county, Pennsylvania. He was deputy surveyor in Northumberland 
 county many years. His son, Hugh, was a noted attorney in the 
 western counties of the State. The latter married a daughter of 
 Evan Rice Evans, Esquire, and their son, the first Brady that ever 
 was killed in battle, fell at Antietam, in 1862. General Hugh Brady, 
 who died in Detroit, in 1851. Jennie Brady, a twin sister, born 29th 
 July, 1768. Robert, married afterwards to a daughter of Colonel 
 WiUiam Cooke. Hannah. Liberty, born August 9, 1778, so called 
 as she was the first child born to them after the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence. She married William Dewart, and died without issue, 
 July 25, 1 85 1. 
 
 I copy here, in full, General Hugh Brady's account of the family, 
 taken from an appendix to his funeral sermon by Reverend George 
 Duffield, loaned me by Mrs. Nancy Eckert, of Lewisburg, grand- 
 daughter of Captain John Brady : 
 
 " I was born on the 29th day of July, 1 768, at the Standing Stone, 
 in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, and was the fifth son (they had 
 six sons and four daughters) of John and Mary Brady. My brothers 
 all lived to be men, in every sense of the term, and at a period 
 when the qualities of men were put to the most severe and enduring 
 tests. While I was yet a child, my father moved on to the West 
 Branch of the Susquehanna river, and pitched his tent about eight 
 miles above the town of Northumberland. At this time, (as well as 
 in later periods,) titles to wild lands could be obtained by erecting 
 a log-house, and by girdling a few trees, by way of improvement or 
 
220 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 cultivation. In this way, my father, John Brady, took up a vast 
 quantity of land ; and, had he not fallen in the war of 1776, would 
 have been one of the greatest land-holders in the State. But, owing 
 to the dishonesty and mismanagement of those connected with him, 
 his family received but little benefit from his exertions. Soon after 
 the commencement of the war of 1776, he was appointed a captain 
 in the twelfth Pennsylvania regiment ; and, in a few weeks having 
 recruited his company, he joined the army, with which he remained 
 until after the battle of Brandy wine. 
 
 ' 'At this time the Indians had become very troublesome in the set- 
 tlements on the Susquehanna; so much so, that application was 
 made to General Washington for regular troops to protect the fron- 
 tier. Not being in a condition to spare any troops at that moment, 
 he ordered home Captain John Brady, Captain Boone, and Lieuten- 
 ants John and Samuel Dougherty, to use their influence in inducing 
 the people to sustain themselves, until he could afford them other 
 relief. And nobly did they execute his design. All that brave and 
 experienced men could do, was done by them, even to sacrificing 
 their lives in the defense of their country; for, in less than two 
 years from that date. Captains Brady and Boone, and Lieutenant 
 Samuel Dougherty, had fallen by the hands of the savages. Ten 
 months before the death of Captain John Brady, his son James had 
 fallen (in 1778) by the Indians. Another son, Samuel, was then an 
 officer in the United States army. John was then at home, in charge 
 of the family, and in his sixteenth year. 
 
 "After the fall of Captain Brady, my mother removed, with her 
 family, to her father's place in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, 
 where she arrived in May, 1779, and where she remained till Octo- 
 ber of that year. She then removed to Buffalo Valley, about twenty 
 miles below our former residence, and settled on one of our own 
 farms. We found the tenant had left our portion of the hay and 
 grain, which was a most fortunate circumstance. The winter fol- 
 lowing (1779 and 1780) was a very severe one, and the depth of the 
 snow interdicted all traveling. Neighbors were few, and the settle- 
 ment scattered, so that the winter was solitary and dreary to a most 
 painful degree. But, while the depth of the snow kept us confined 
 at home, it had also the effect to protect us from the inroads of the 
 savages. But, with the opening of the spring, the Indians returned, 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 221 
 
 m 
 
 and killed some people not very remote from our residence. This 
 induced Mrs. Brady to take shelter, with some ten or twelve families, 
 on the West Branch, about three miles from our home.^ Pickets 
 were placed around the houses, and the old men, women, and child- 
 ren, remained within during the day ; while all who could work and 
 carry arms, returned to their farms, for the purpose of raising some- 
 thing to subsist upon. Many a day have I walked by the side of* 
 my brother John, while he was plowing, and carried my rifle in one 
 hand, and a forked stick in the other, to clear the ploughshare. 
 
 " Sometimes my mother would go with us to prepare our dinner. 
 This was contrary to our wishes ; but she said that, while she shared 
 the dangers that surrounded us, she was more contented than when 
 left at the fort. Thus we continued till the end of the war, when 
 peace — happy peace — again invited the people to return to their 
 homes. 
 
 " In 1783, our mother was taken from us. In 1784, my brother 
 John married, and, soon after, my eldest sister followed his example. 
 All the children younger than myself lived with them. I went to 
 the western country with my brother Captain Samuel Brady. He 
 had been recently disbanded, and had married a Miss Swearingen, in 
 Washington county, Pennsylvania. He took me to his house at that 
 place, and I made it my home until 1792, when I was appointed an 
 ensign in General Wayne's army. Previous to this, my brother had 
 moved into Ohio county, Virginia, and settled a short distance above 
 Charlestown. At that day, the Indians were continually committing 
 depredations along the frontier. West of the Ohio the settlements 
 were very sparse, and the people from the east side went frequently 
 in pursuit of parties of marauding Indians who visited the neigh- 
 borhood. 
 
 " I joined with several parties in pursuit of Indians, but only met 
 them once in action. This was, I think, on the 2 2d of May, 1791. 
 Our spies in front had discovered a trail of Indians, about eight 
 miles up Indian Cross-cut, making for the settlements. The next 
 morning, ten citizens were met by Lieutenant Buskirk, with twelve 
 State rangers, at the old Mingo town, and from there we went in 
 pursuit. After following their trail till near sunset, we were fired 
 on by the enemy, who lay concealed in a thicket. Lieutenant Bus- 
 
 ' At Jenkins' mill in East JbJuffalo. 
 
222 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 kirk was killed, and three men wounded. After a fight of about ten 
 minutes, the Indians retreated, leaving one gun on the ground and 
 much blood on the bushes. We pursued the party then till dark, 
 but did not overtake them. The next day, we returned to the field 
 with a large party ; and, about one hundred yards up the stream 
 which had divided the combatants, we found twenty- two Indian 
 • packs, showing that our party of twenty- two men had fought the 
 same number of Indians. It was afterwards ascertained that eight 
 of them died of wounds received before they reached their towns. I 
 had a fair shot at the bare back of one of them. I do not know 
 whether I hit him or not. He did not fall, and I think I was some- 
 what excited. 
 
 •' On the 5th of March following, 1 792, 1 was appointed an ensign 
 in a rifle company, commanded by Captain John Crawford, a sol- 
 dier of '76. William Clarke, of Kentucky, was the first lieutenant. 
 I reported to my captain, and was put on the recruiting service. 
 But, as the pay of a soldier was only $3 per month, I met with little 
 success. Our clothing was also indifferent, and the feelings of the 
 people generally averse to enlisting. They did not consider regu- 
 lar soldiers the thing, exactly, to fight Indians. I then joined the 
 headquarters of the army, at Legionville, the spot where Harmony 
 now stands, twenty miles below Pittsburgh. The first duty I per- 
 formed was on Christmas day, 1792, when I commanded a picket 
 guard. The officer of the day, Major Mills, saw, at guard-mount- 
 ing, that I was very green, and when he visited my guard, at twelve 
 o'clock, he took much pains to instruct me. He also let me know 
 at what hour at night the grand rounds would visit me. I had 
 Baron Steuben's Tactics, and a good old sergeant, and was pretty 
 well prepared to receive the rounds when they approached. 
 
 "The major complimented me, and remained with me for some 
 time. His treatment had the effect to inspire me with that confi- 
 dence which is indispensable in a young officer, to enable him to 
 perform any duty in a suitable manner. I then thought Steuben 
 had nothing with which I was not familiar, and the confidence it 
 gave me has unquestionably been of service to me up to the present 
 day. The history and movements of that army are before the world ; 
 but its sufferings and privations are only known to those who shared 
 them, of which I had my full proportion. Our campaign in Canada, 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 223 
 
 _ 
 
 during the war of 181 2, was by no means interesting, and its priva- 
 tions, &c., were the subject of much discussion. Compared with 
 the campaign of General Wayne, it was all sunshine. At its close, 
 I was left under the command of Colonel Hamtramck, at Fort 
 Wayne. The force consisted of Captain Porter's company of artil- 
 lery, Captains Kingsbury's, Grattan's, and Reed's companies of 
 infantry, and Captain Preston's company of riflemen, to which I 
 was attached. 
 
 "During that winter, 1794-5, we lived very poorly. Our beef 
 came to us on the hoof, and poor, and we had little or nothing to 
 fatten them with. Having no salt to cure it, it was slaughtered, 
 and hung up under a shed, where, by exposure, it became perfectly 
 weather-beaten, and as tough as an old hide. Of course, it made a 
 miserable soup. At the same time, our men received but half ra- 
 tions of flour, and were working like beavers to complete our quar- 
 ters. Thus we lived until about the middle of February, when a 
 brigade of pack-horses arrived, loaded with flour and salt, and with 
 them came a drove of hogs. From this time forward we considered 
 ourselves as living on the 'fat of the land.' An early spring fol- 
 lowed, and with it came ducks, geese, and trout, to improve our 
 living ; and the Indians, soon after, came in with their flags to sue 
 for peace ; and our time passed away pleasantly. The treaty was 
 opened at Greenville on the 4th of July, 1795, ^^ which day I ar- 
 rived at that place. I had been ordered there as a witness in the 
 case of Captain Preston, who Avas tried for disobeying the orders of 
 Colonel Hamtramck. The court sentenced him to be reprimanded, 
 and the General laid it on pretty heavy. 
 
 "I remained at headquarters till the treaty was concluded, and 
 then returned to Fort Wayne. While at Fort Wayne, I received 
 many letters from my brothers, urging me to resign. I had not 
 seen them for ten years. Those letters held out the idea that 
 they would make my fortune. That, (and a desire to return to the 
 land of my early habits, and to see my brothers and sisters, who 
 had grown from children to be men and women, and most of them 
 married,) decided me to leave the service. I resigned my commis- 
 sion and left Fort Wayne on the 20th of November, 1795, ^^^^ 
 passed the next winter in Lexington, Kentucky. About the ist of 
 March following, I rode through to Limestone, (Maysville.) I there 
 
234 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 1783. 
 
 got into a quartermaster's boat, and, in about three weeks, landed 
 at Wheeling, Virginia. I spent a few days with the widow of nxy 
 brother Samuel, who had died on the Christmas previous. I then 
 purchased a horse, and reached home about the 20th of July. I 
 went first to Captain William Gray's, my brother-in-law. My sis- 
 ter, Mrs. Gray, came to the door, and, as I inquired for Mr. Gray, 
 she put on rather an important look, and replied : ' I presume you 
 will find him at the store,' and turned into the parlor. I was about 
 turning on my heel, when I heard steps in the entry, and, turning 
 round, I saw my sister Hannah. She immediately raised her hands 
 and exclaimed : ' My brother Hugh !' and flew into my arms. This 
 was not a little surprising, as when she saw me last she could not 
 have been more than eight years old. She knew me by my resem- 
 blance to my twin sister, Jane. I found my connections all living 
 happily, and moving at the head of society. I passed a happy three 
 or four months with them, when I became weary of an idle life, and 
 began to look for my promised fortune ; but, up to this day, have 
 never been able to find it. I remained out of business till the win- 
 ter of 1798 and 1799? when I was appointed a captain in Adams' 
 army, and, in less than two years, was disbanded. My brother 
 William, who had been most urgent for me to resign, now requested 
 me to assist him to improve some wild lands he owned on the Ma- 
 honing river, about fifty miles from Pittsburgh. We commenced 
 this settlement in the spring of 1802, and, that summer, built a grist- 
 mill and a saw-mill. All our breadstuff had to be carried about 
 thirty miles on horseback. Meat I procured with my rifle, deer 
 being plenty, and I could kill them without much loss of time from 
 other business. 
 
 "I married in 1805, and took my wife to our place in 1806, 
 where Sarah and Preston were born. During the time we were 
 there, we were happy, and had a plenty of such things as the coun- 
 try afforded. All being on an equality, as regarded our resources, 
 were not annoyed by the insolence of wealth. Still, I saw that my 
 fortune could not be made there, and, in 1810, I returned, with 
 my family, to Northumberland, and got along as well as I could, 
 until 1 81 2, when the war again called me into service; since which 
 time the Government has provided for me. I have rendered her 
 some service, and, with my brother officers, have kept my shoulder 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 225 
 
 to the wheel. This was no more than onr duty to a country which 
 supports us, and of which we are justly proud. 
 
 "Thus, I have given a sketch of my hfe, containing nothing un- 
 usual or strange among those of my day and generation. But what 
 a wonderful generation it has been — the most wonderful of any since 
 the days of our Saviour ! 
 
 "I have already stated that my brother James fell by the Indians, 
 in 1778. It was in this manner : With ten or twelve others he went 
 to help a neighbor harvest his wheat, about ten miles from the 
 nearest station. On entering the field, they placed a sentinel at the 
 most exposed point, and their arms convenient to their work. 
 They had worked but a short time when the sentinel gave an alarm. 
 They all ran to their arras, but it proved to be a false alarm. After 
 reprimanding the sentinel for his unsoldierly conduct, they returned 
 to their work; but they had not long been reaping when they heard 
 the report of a rifle, and their sentinel was killed. Without noticing 
 the conduct of others, my brother ran to his rifle, and as he stooped 
 to pick it up, he received a shot which broke his arm. This caused 
 him to fall forwards, and before he could recover, a stout Indian 
 was upon him, tomahawked him, scalped him, and left him for dead. 
 After the Indians left the field, my brother recovered and went to 
 the house, where he found the rest of the reapers who had run from 
 the field without their arms, and without making any attempt to de- 
 fend or rescue him. They sent James to his parents, at _Sunbury, 
 forty miles from the spot where he received his wound, which was 
 on Saturday. He lived till the Thursday following, retained his 
 senses, and related what is stated above. 
 
 "James Brady was a remarkable man. Nature had done much 
 for him. His person was fine. He lacked but a quarter of an inch 
 of six feet, and his mind was as well finished as his person. I have 
 ever placed him by the side of Jonathan, son of Saul, for beauty of 
 person, and nobleness of soul, and like him, he fell by the hands of 
 the Philistines. 
 
 " My father was killed on the nth of April, 1779, not more than 
 half a mile from his own house. He had left that morning at the 
 head of a party of men, to move in a family that had wintered at 
 their farm, about ten miles from my father's place. Having seen 
 no sign of Indians, my father stopped at Wallis's Fort, and let the 
 15 
 
226 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 party go on with the family. He was tlie only person mounted, 
 and intended, soon, to overtake the party, but unfortunately for him, 
 his family, and the settlement, he overtook a man who had fallen 
 behind, and remained with him till the Indians shot him dead. The 
 man escaped by mounting my father's horse, after he had fallen. 
 It is a remarkable fact, that this man, Peter Smith, was in the field 
 where my brother was killed, and afterwards, his own family was 
 mostly destroyed by Indians, and he again escaped. After the war 
 he settled in the Genesee country, and became a wealthy man. 
 Some men are born to luck. 
 
 [JNOTE. — It is worthy of notice, that although General Brady fre- 
 quently sought, he was never successful in finding, the spot where 
 his father was interred. One of his surviving daughters, Mrs. 
 Backus, wife of Major Backus, was providentially made acquainted 
 with the spot, during a visit (185 1) to the place of her grand- 
 father's residence. An old revolutionary soldier,^ who was with the 
 father of General Brady when he fell, and h9,d known and marked 
 the place of his interment, a short time before her visit, had, on his 
 death bed, requested to be buried beside his old captain, and desig- 
 nated the spot. His request was granted, and there lie together in 
 the woods, the captain and the private of his company, in a place 
 where the inhabitants of the neighborhood intend, it is said, to erect 
 an appropriate monument. — Geoi'ge Duffield, D. D.'\ 
 
 "My brother John, in his fifteenth year, was in the battle of 
 Brandywine, and was wounded. On the retreat he would have been 
 captured had not his colonel, William Cooke, taken him up behind 
 him. 
 
 ' ' John had gone to the army with my father, in order to take 
 home the horses ridden out, and was directed by my father to return. 
 But John heard from Ensign Boyd that a battle was expected to be 
 fought soon. He, therefore, remained to see the fun ; and when 
 my father took command of his company, on the morning of the 
 battle, he found John in the ranks, with a big rifle by his side. My 
 father was wounded in the battle. Ensign Boyd was killed, and John 
 received a wound during the retreat. 
 
 ' ' As one good turn deserves another, two of my brothers, many 
 years after, married two of the colonel's daughters. 
 
 ' Henry Lebo. 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 227 
 
 " Captain Samuel Brady entered the army as a volunteer when 
 he was nmeteen years of age, and joined General Washington at 
 Boston. A year after, he was appointed a lieutenant, and returned 
 home to recruit. He did not remain long. He belonged to Cap- 
 tain John Doyle's company, Wayne's brigade, and was with him at 
 the surprise of Paoli. In 1779, his regiment, the eighth Pennsyl- 
 vania, was ordered to Pittsburgh. It was then commanded by Col- 
 onel Brodhead. Soon after, my brother heard of his father's death ; 
 and he waited, with impatience, for an opportunity to avenge it, on 
 the Indians. Nor was the opportunity long delayed. The Indians 
 had attacked a family and killed all in it, except a boy aged twelve, 
 and his sister, ten. These were taken prisoners, and their father 
 was absent from home at the time it occurred. 
 
 "The place was thirty miles east of Pittsburgh, and it so hap- 
 pened Samuel was out in that direction, and, hearing of it, he 
 started in pursuit, having with him a friendly Indian, very useful as 
 a guide. The second evening of the pursuit the party stopped on 
 the top of a high hill, and the Indian guide pointed with his wiping 
 stick to the foot of the hill, and said, ' The Red Bank runs there.' 
 The men sat down, while the captain consulted with the Indian 
 about his future movements. Suddenly, the Indian sprang to his 
 feet, and said he smelt fire ; and soon after they saw the smoke 
 curling above the trees, on the opposite side of the Red Bank. 
 
 " The Indian said, ' They will sleep by that fire to night.' ' And 
 I will awake them in a voice of thunder in the morning,' replied 
 the captain. The Indian also said, ' After they smoke and eat, and 
 the sun has gone to sleep, they will give the scalp halloo.' 
 
 "With breathless impatience, the party watched the setting of 
 the sun, and, as its light disappeared from the tops of the trees in 
 the east, they heard seven distinct scalp halloos, with the usual whoop 
 between each. After it was over. Cole, the Indian, observed, 
 'There are fourteen warriors, and they have five scalps and two 
 prisoners.' The night being clear and the weather mild, the cap- 
 tain remained in his position till near morning, when he forded the 
 stream above the Indians and posted his men, to await the crack of 
 his rifle as the signal of attack. As day broke an Indian rose up 
 and stirred the fire. The signal was given. The Indian standing 
 pitched into the fire. The attack continued, and resulted in eight 
 
238 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 of the warriors being deprived of the pleasure of ever again giving 
 the scalp halloo. When the captain got to the fire he found the 
 children much alarmed. After quieting their fears, the boy asked 
 for the captain's tomahawk, and commenced cutting off the head 
 of the Indian that fell in the fire, observing that this was the leader 
 of the party, and the man that killed and scalped his mother. The 
 boy was permitted to finish the job he had commenced. 
 
 " Three easy days' march brought the captain back to Pittsburgh. 
 The father of the children was sent for to receive his lost ones. He 
 showed much affection, on meeting his children, and thanked the 
 captain for having restored them ; and then asked the captain what 
 had become of his 'big basin.' It appeared the Indians had carried 
 off, or destroyed, a big basin, from which Henry and his numerous 
 family ate their sourkrout. The honest Dutchman thought there 
 could be no impropriety in asking for it, of the man who had the 
 best chance to know. 
 
 "In 1804, the writer met Henry (the boy) at a friend's house, 
 in Greensburg, Pennsylvania. Henry had stopped, with a wagon, 
 before the door, and had a barrel of cider for my friend, who, 
 pointing to me, said, ' This gentleman is a brother of Captain Brady, 
 who took you from the Indians.' Henry was assisting to remove 
 the cider, and he gave me a side look for a moment, and then con- 
 tinued his work. I felt hurt at the coldness he showed towards the 
 brother of a man who had risked his life to rescue him from death 
 or bondage, and to avenge the murder of his family. My friend 
 informed me that Henry owned the farm from which he was cap- 
 tured, and was as rich as any farmer in the county. I thought, 
 then, if his circumstances were as easy as his manners, he probably- 
 had at home, in the old family chest, as many dollars as would fill 
 his father's big basin. 
 
 "At the request of his colonel, Captain Brady visited the San- 
 dusky towns, at the head of four or five men, and lay concealed 
 over ten days, so that he could see all their movements. It was a 
 time for horse racing among the Indians, and men, women, children, 
 and dogs were all in attendance. A gray horse was the winner 
 until the evening of the second day, when they compelled him to 
 carry two riders, (a new way to handicap,) when he was finally 
 beaten. The Indians then retired from the field. That evening 
 
1783.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 22g 
 
 Captain Brady took two squaws prisoners, and started for home. 
 On the second day of their journey they were overtaken by a fright- 
 ful thunder storm, which destroyed their provisions, and destroyed 
 most of their powder, having but tlaree or four loads of good pow- 
 der left in a priming horn. The stormy weather continued several 
 days. After it cleared away, the captain, just before night, went 
 ahead of his party, hoping to kill some game, as they were without 
 provisions. The party was then traveling on an Indian trail. He 
 had not gone far when he met a party of Indians returning from the 
 settlements, with a woman and child, prisoners. The captain shot 
 the leader of the party, rescued the woman, and endeavored to ob- 
 tain the child, that was strapped to the back of the Indian he had 
 shot. But he had not time to do so, as the Indians had ascertained 
 that he was alone, and had returned to their leader. He was, there- 
 fore, compelled to fall back, and he took the woman with him. His 
 men, seeing the Indians, and supposing the captain was killed, made 
 their way to the nearest fort, and let the squaw run away. The 
 other squaw had escaped during the great thunder storm'. The next 
 day he met a party coming from Fort Mcintosh, to bury him, his 
 men having reported him killed. A few days after, he returned 
 with a party to the battle ground, and found the dead Indian. 
 
 "In 1835, the writer met, at the town of Detroit, a son of the 
 boy that was strapped to the back of the Indian. He informed me 
 that after Wayne's treaty, his father was delivered up, at Pittsburgh, 
 by the Indians. When the land west of the Ohio came into market, 
 his father bought the lot on which the affair took place, and built his 
 house, as near as he could ascertain, on the spot where the Indian 
 fell, and lived there till eighteen months prior to our conversation, 
 when he was killed by the falling of a tree. His name was Stupps, 
 and he was a fine looking man. I remember his grandmother's 
 name was Jane Stupps, and I have often heard my brother relate 
 the above story. 
 
 " On the Beaver river is a place known as Brady's Bend, where 
 he had a hard fight, and killed many of the enemy, with small loss on 
 his own side. His enterprising disposition and his skill in stratagems, 
 in which he equaled any Indian, enabled him to do more towards 
 protecting the frontier than all his regiment besides. Indeed, he 
 was looked upon by the whole country as their surest protector, and 
 
230 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1783. 
 
 all the recompense he ever received was in a reward of I500, being 
 offered by Governor McKean for his person, for having, in 1791, 
 killed a party of Indians on Brady's run, thirty miles below Pitts- 
 burgh. He surrendered himself for trial, and was honorably acquit- 
 ted ; he having proved, to the satisfaction of the court and jury, 
 that those Indians had killed a family on the head of Wheeling 
 creek, Ohio county, Virginia. That, on receiving notice of the 
 murder, he suspected those Indians had come out of Pennsylvania. 
 He, therefore, crossed the Ohio at the mouth of the Wheeling, and 
 by steering west, came on the trail, and pursued it to where he 
 attacked them. 
 
 " When General Wayne arrived at Pittsburgh, in 1792, he sent for 
 Captain Brady, who lived in Ohio county, Virginia, and gave him 
 command of all the spies then in the employ of the Government, 
 amounting to sixty or seventy men. The captain so disposed of 
 them that not a depredation was committed on the frontier. On the 
 contrary, three or four times the Indians were surprised in their own 
 country, thirty or forty miles in advance of the white settlements. 
 His plan of carrying the war into the Indian country put a stop to 
 all murders on that frontier. He continued in command of these 
 rangers until the period of his death, which occurred on Christmas 
 day, 1795, at his house, about two miles west of West Liberty, Vir- 
 ginia, (in the thirty-ninth year of his age.) His disease was pleu- 
 risy. He left a widow and two sons. 
 
 "Never was a man more devoted to his country, and few, very 
 few, have rendered more important services, if we consider the 
 nature of the service, and the part performed by him personally. 
 He was five feet eleven and three fourths inches in heighth, with a 
 perfect form. He was rather light ; his weight exceeding at no time, 
 one hundred and sixty-eight pounds. As I have said before, there 
 were six brothers, viz: Samuel, James, John, William P., Hugh, 
 and Robert. There was but half an inch difference in .our heights. 
 John was six feet and an inch, and I was the shortest of them all. 
 Is it not remarkable that I, who was considered the most feeble of 
 all, should outlive all my brothers, after having been exposed to 
 more dangers and vicissitudes than any, except Samuel ? Is it not a 
 proof that there is, from the beginning, ' a day appointed for man 
 to die?' It is said, ' the race is not to the swift, or the battle to the 
 
1784.] ANNALB OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 231 
 
 Strong, but safety is of the Lord.' That has ever been my beUef." 
 Among the deaths this year, Wilham McCandhsh, senior, of Buf- 
 falo. (Will dated nth September. Children: Peter, Johii, George j 
 Grizzelda, William, junior, Jennette, Alexander, and Martin. Mr. 
 McCandlish lived on the place now owned and occupied by John 
 Lesher, in Buffalo township.) William Greenlee, and in November, 
 Mathias Trinkle, (of Union now.) 
 
 In 1783 the people generally returned to the Valley. Mr. Allen 
 having died, Mr. McClenachan became sole elder of the Buffalo 
 Cross-Roads church until his death, in June, 1784, when the con- 
 gregation was without an elder until 1787, when Matthew Laird, 
 who had been an elder in Big Spring, came to reside within the con- 
 gregation. — Doctor Grier's Sermon. 
 
 h- 
 
 ir»4. 
 
 Joe Disbury — Bear's Mill (now Hoffa's) Erected — Flood of 1784 — 
 Captain Lowdon's Roll — Death of Colonel Samuel Hunter. 
 
 OUNCIL of Censors, General James Potter, vice Samuel 
 Hunter, deceased. Members of Assembly, elected in 
 October, Frederick Antes, Daniel Montgomery, and Sam- 
 uel Dale. Henry Spyker, Esquire, was a Representative 
 for Berks county. Presiding Judge, John Buyers. Sheriff, Henry 
 Antes. Lieutenant of the county, William Wilson, vice Samuel 
 Hunter, deceased. Collector of Excise, Alexander Hunter, vice Wil- 
 liam Wilson, resigned. County Commissioner, Walter Clark, qual- 
 ified at November Term. 
 
 The celebrated thief, Joe Disbury, was tried. On his jury were 
 Adam Grove, Michael Grove, William Clark and Adam Christ. His 
 sentence was severe : That he should receive thirty-nine lashes, be- 
 tween the hours of eight and nine to-morrow, stand in the pillory 
 
232 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1784. 
 
 one hour, have his ears cut off and nailed to the post, that he be im- 
 prisoned three months, and pay a fine of ^,^30 to the President of the 
 State, for' the use of the Government. [See his history in Meginness.] 
 George Herrold this year opened the " Herrold Tavern," on the 
 river below Selinsgrove, and Captain Anthony Selin the first hotel 
 in Selinsgrove. In September, John Bear, of Lancaster, bought the 
 Hoffa Mills, (now) property of William Charters, and erected the first 
 grist-mill there. The saw-mill he added in 1 787 ; and in 1 790 he had 
 four mills (grist, clover, oil and saw-mill) there. 
 
 Additional Residents in White Deer Tow7iship in 1784. 
 
 Allison, David j Ant, Jacob; Bennett, Justice; Bennett, Ephraim; 
 Bennett, Thaddeus ; Bentley, Green ; Brown, John; Brown, Joseph; 
 Brown, widow, Elinor ; Buchanan, David ; Buchanan, James ; Bu- 
 chanan, James, junior ; Buchanan, WiUiam ; Campbell, Alexander; 
 Carnahan, Robert; Creal, Michael; Daugherty, Daniel; Davis, Wil- 
 liam; Dodds, Andrew; Dunlap, William ; Feager, widow ; Fisher, 
 Paul; Fisher, Paul, (single;) Fisher, Henry; Gillespie, Captain 
 Charles ; Gilman, Philip ; Gray, George ; Gray,^ Neigal, grist-mill, 
 formerly Titzel's ; Heany, Hieronymus ; Heany, Frederick ; Heany, 
 Philip ; Huston, Samuel ; Iddings. Samuel ; Iddings, Samuel, 
 (single;) Jordan, William; Jordan, Andrew; Judge, William; Kerk- 
 endale, Hermaii; Landon, Nathaniel; Lean, Abraham; Lean, Han- 
 nah; Low, widow; McComb, John; McCracken, Mary; McLanahan, 
 David ; McLanahan, widow ; Moore, John ; Moore, John, junior ; 
 Moore, George ; Morrison, Samuel ; Montgomery, Samuel ; Perry, 
 Thomas ; Plants, Jacob ; Poak, widow, Mary ; Potter, James, Es- 
 quire; Ramsey, John; Rodman, widow, Martha; Sheaffer, Nicho- 
 las : Tenbrooke, John ; Turner, Robert ; Vandyke, John ; Welsh, 
 Nicholas; Welsh, Ludwig. (William Wilson, William Gray, and 
 William Clark, assessors.) 
 
 In a memorial, on file at Harrisburg, signed by Robert Martin and 
 John Franklin, they state "that on the 15th of March, 1 784, the Sus- 
 quehanna rose into a flood, exceeding all degrees ever before known ; 
 that its rise was so sudden as to give no time to guard against its 
 mischief; that it swept away about one hundred and fifty houses, 
 
 ' Neigal Gray was lieutenant colonel of twelfth Pennsylvania, Continental Line, 
 appointed from Northampton county. 
 
J784.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 233 
 
 with all the provision, house furniture, and farming tools and cattle 
 of the owners, and gave but just opportunity for the inhabitants to 
 fly for their lives ; that, by this dreadful calamity, one thousand per- 
 sons are left destitute of provisions, clothing, and every means of life. " 
 
 Micster-RoU of Captain John Lowdon's Company of Northumber- 
 land County Volunteers who marched to Suppress the Riot at 
 Wyomifig, by Orders of the Supreme Executive Council, August 
 
 4, 1784- 
 
 Captain — Lowdon, John. 
 
 Lieutenant — ^Vancampen, Moses. 
 
 Ensign — Grove, Michael. 
 
 Sergeants — Snyder, Frederick; Vancampen, Garret. 
 
 Privates— Adams, John; Allen, John; Antes, William; Arm- 
 strong, Hamilton; Armstrong, John; Backinstow, John; Baker, 
 William ; Boo, George ; Busher, John ; Calhoon, Matthew ; Camp- 
 ble, Andrew ; Champ, John ; Clark, William ; Clingman, Jacob ; 
 Crawford, Edward; Crawford, James; Bering, Stophel ; Doyle, 
 Samuel ; Drake, Samuel ; Emmons, Alexander ; Eply, Leonard ; 
 Ewing, Jasper: Ewing, John; Fowler, Eshel ; Fowler, Nathan; 
 Gillespie, Charles; Gibbons, Alexander; Giles, Thomas; Good- 
 heart, Henry ; Goodman, Daniel ; Gettig, Stophel ; Grant, Thomas; 
 Gregg, Andrew; Gregg, John; Gregg, William; Hamilton, Thomas; 
 Hammond, David ; Hammond, James ; Harris, John ; Harris, Sam- 
 uel ; Hepburn, James ; Hessler, Michael ; Hilman, James ; Hunter, 
 Alexander; Johes7john ; Keel, John; Keel, Philip; Lamison, Ja- 
 cob ; Lougan, David ; Ludwick, John ; Lyon, Benjamin ; Marshall, 
 John ; Martin, Benjamin ; Martin, Thomas ; McCoy, Neale ; Mc- 
 Kinney, Abraham ; Meads, Ely ; Moreland, Thomas ; Morrow, 
 James; Ogdon, John; Pearson, George; Rees, Thomas; Robins, 
 Zack ; Rope, Michael ; Rurer, Frederick ; Salomin, John ; Shaffer, 
 Adam ; Shaffer, Henry ; Smith, Jacob ; Steuart, William ; Stout, 
 John ; Teterly, George ; Vanderslice, Henry ; Volin, Leonard ; 
 Webb, William ; Weitgur, John ; Weitzel, Jacob ; Wheeler, John ; 
 Wilkeson, Joseph; Wilkeson, William; Wilson, James; Young, 
 John. 
 
 One sergeant and twelve men, two days guarding the prisoners 
 at Sunbury. 
 
234 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1784. 
 
 I do hereby certify the above muster-roll to be just \ without fraud 
 to the State of Pennsylvania, or any individual, according to my 
 best knowledge. 
 
 John Lowdon, Captain. 
 
 Mustered the above company as specified in the above roll. 
 
 W. Wilson, 
 Lieutenant Northumberland County. 
 August 9, 1784. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 April 10, Colonel Samuel Hunter died, aged fifty-two. His grave 
 is near the site of Fort Augusta, which he so heroically defended. 
 His will is dated the 29th of March, and proved the 21st of June. 
 His wife's name was Susanna Scott, sister of Abraham Scott, 
 formerly member from Lancaster. Colonel Hunter was from the 
 county of Donegal, Ireland, and when he died had a mother and 
 two brothers still living there. He left two daughters, Mary and 
 Nancy, minors, i. Mary, married Samuel Scott, who died before 
 her, leaving children, Samuel H. Scott, Sarah, Susanna. Samuel 
 Scott lived on what is now the Cake farm, and was drowned. He 
 was a son of Abraham Scott, who lived on the island which he had 
 purchased of Mungo Reed, the original owner. Abraham Scott 
 died there in August, 1 798, leaving a widow, Sarah, and children, 
 Samuel, (above,) Mary, wife of General William Wilson, after- 
 wards of Chillisquaque Mills, Susanna, and Sarah. Susanna mar- 
 ried Rose. Their daughter, Isabella, is the widow of Hon- 
 orable Robert C. Grier, late Justice of the United States Supreme 
 Court. 2. Nancy, married her cousin, Alexander Hunter, who 
 died in June, 1810, leaving her also a widow, and children, Mary, 
 Elizabeth, Nancy, and Samuel. 
 
 Henry Vandyke, formerly of Hanover township, Lancaster 
 county, leaving a widow, Elizabeth; children, Lambert, John, 
 Sarah, Hannah, Mary, and Elizabeth. He resided on the second 
 farm east of Buffalo Cross-Roads, now Jackson Rishel's. 
 
 John Forster, of Buffalo, (will proved 24th October.) He left 
 a widow, Margaret ; eldest son, Thomas, grandfather of Mrs. Mark 
 Halfpenny ; second son, Andrew ; eldest daughter, Christena, mar- 
 ried to John Montgomery ; Robert Forster was his youngest son ; 
 
1785.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 235 
 
 Jane, second wife of William Irvine; Elizabeth Gray, and Rebecca 
 McFarland. Robert was the father of the late Captain John Fors- 
 ter, of Mififiinburg. 
 
 Simon Himrod, elder in the Dreisbach church, and late member 
 of Assembly. He resided in Turbut. His descendants live near 
 Waterford, Erie county, Pennsylvania. 
 
 James McClenachan, (in June.) Widow, Sarah; daughters, Mar- 
 garet, Elizabeth ; sons, Robert, David, and Andrew. 
 
 1^85. 
 
 Lewisburg laid out by Ludwig Derr — Bounds of — ^^Fall Election — 
 Washington Township Erected — Widow Smith's Petition — Militia 
 Officers. 
 
 I ICE PRESIDENT, Charles Biddle. William Montgom- 
 ery, Presiding Justice. Justices, 24th January, Simon 
 Snyder, Wilham Irwin ; Colonel John Kelly, in August, 
 and William Wilson. Sheriff, Thomas Grant, elected in 
 October. Walter Clark, John Clarke^ and William Gray, all of 
 Buffalo, County Commissioners. 
 
 Representatives declared elected : Frederick Antes, Samuel Dale, 
 and William Maclay, over Daniel Montgomery, John Weitzel, and 
 Anthony Selin. General Potter, William Maclay, William Mont- 
 gomery, junior, William Gray, and Joseph J. Walhs, Deputy Sur- 
 veyors in the " old purchase." Lawyers admitted : John W. Kittera, 
 John Clark, and John Reily, all officers of the war of the Revolu- 
 "don. "Vannost, suspended at February term, for treating the justices 
 with contempt, re-admitted at May term. 
 
 Of Buffalo officers : Constable, John Thompson ; quota of State 
 tax, ^^194; county, ^45. 
 
 Among the Buffalo taxables loere : Armstrong, William, tan-yard ; 
 
2j6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1785. 
 
 Baldy, Christopher ; Barber, Robert, Esquire, who moved from near 
 Wrightsville ; Billmyer, Andrew ; Brown, John ; Burd, David, who 
 lived where Sherry now lives, in the same township; Chri st, Ad a.m j^ 
 Colpetzer, Adam, who lived where Jacob Engle now lives, in Lime- 
 stone ; Douglass, William ; Evans, Daniel ; Everett, Abel ; Giles, 
 Isaac; Haughawaut, Leffard ; Huston, Robert; Jenkins, Morgan ; 
 Knox, George, tan-yard ; Laughlin, Adam ; Mucklehenny, John ; 
 Voneida,' Philip, who purchased of John Crider part of the Cap- 
 tain Kern's tract, (late Peter Voneida place.) 
 
 Single Men in Buffalo Township, in 1785 — Allison, Archibald 
 Bann, Lewis; Beatty, David; Black, William; Black, Thomas 
 Books, George ; Clark, John ; Cosaith, George ; Cough, Adam 
 Cox, Tunis ; Dale Henry ; Dale, Christian ; Derr, George ; Dreis- 
 bach, Martin; Goodman, John; Gilkeson, a tailor; Iddings, Wil- 
 liam ; Ingram, John ; Jenkins, Morgan ; Katherman, George ; Leon- 
 ard, Peter; Lewis, Paschall; Lowdon, Richard; McGahey, Neal ; 
 McGrady, Captain Samuel ; Mook, John ; Rearick, John ; Reese, 
 John ; Rees, Daniel ; Scott, William ; Shively, Henry ; Stewart, 
 Archibald; Taylor, Christopher; Templeton, David; Thompson, 
 John ; Vanvalzen, Levi ; Waggoner, Christopher ; Wilson, Samuel ; 
 Youngman, George. Joseph Green, John Aurand, and Thomas 
 Forster, assessors ; which list they returned the 4th of January, 17.86. 
 
 Among the Residents in White Deer were — Allen, Robert; Bear, 
 John; Coulter, Nathaniel; Eaker, Doctor Joseph; Lacock, John; 
 Leckey, John; McAllister, Archibald ; McGinnes, James; McCorley, 
 Robert, taxed with negro girl; Marshall, Widow; Potter, General 
 James, negro and one servant ; Vandyke, John, junior, (Widow Smith, 
 grist-mill.) In 1785, William Blythe's name disappears from the 
 assessment list, and the two tracts, taken up in his daughters' names, 
 are taxed to his sons-in-law. Captain Charles Gillespie and Doctor 
 Eakers. Daniel Lewis' name disappears, and Paschall Lewis ap- 
 pears in its place. His wife, who was Margaret Paschall, was a 
 relative of Thomas Paschall, a hatter, of Philadelphia, who owned a 
 great amount of wild lands, was married three times ; first to a man 
 named Watson, by whom she had Jesse, James, (who built Seebold's 
 mill,) and John Watson, all settlers in the Valley. Second, to Ma- 
 thers, by whom she had Samuel Mathers and Thomas, also early 
 settlers ; and third to Daniel Lewis, father of Paschall. One of the 
 
1785.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 237 
 
 Mathers once went to Philadelphia to get his share of the fortune. 
 He got as his share — a lot of hats — enough to hat the whole Valley, 
 nearly. 
 
 Among the Feuft's Taxables were — Arbogast, John ; Dreis, Jacob ; 
 Herrold, Simon, ferry and grist-mill ; Miller, Dewalt, sa^v-mill ; 
 Pontius, John ; Pontius, Peter ; Schoolmaster, Abel ; Shipton, 
 Thomas; Shisley, Jacob, Sinclair, Duncan; Smith, David; Selin 
 & Snyder, store, negro slave, and forty acres of land ; Speakman, 
 James; Stoll, Mathias; Swineford, John; Vanhorn, Daniel; Weiand, 
 Jacob ; Witmer, Peter, with ferry. 
 
 In March, 1785, Ludwig Derr laid out the town of Lewisburg. 
 Samuel Weiser, of Mahanoy township, was the surveyor, and for his 
 services received lot No. 5, on which is now erected the store of 
 Walls, Smith & Co., 1870. His first donation of lots was for reli- 
 gious purposes. 26th March, he, with Catherine, his wife, conveyed 
 lots Nos. 42, 44, and 46 to Walter Clark, William Gray, and William 
 Wilson, in trust for the Presbyterian congregation at or near Lewis- 
 burg, for a meeting-house and burying-ground. 
 
 William Maclay made the survey of the tract the town stands on 
 the 28th of February, 1769. Ludwig Derr lived upon it as early as 
 1770. It was patented on the nth of August, 1772, to Reverend 
 Richard Peters, who conveyed, on the 17th of September, 1773, to 
 Ludwig Derr, by the following description, "containing three hun- 
 dred and twenty acres, situated at the mouth of Spring run, below 
 and adjoining the mouth of Buffalo creek." Weiser's survey was as 
 follows : 
 
 The southern boundary commenced at a post at the river, at the 
 the corner of the tract on which the mill is erected;, thence along 
 the land of the said Derr, S. 80 1^^ W. 121 perches 2^4 feet, to a 
 stone; thence N. about 10^ ° W. 164 perches, to a stone; thence 
 N. about 8oj4° E. about 139 perches 2^ feet, to a post or stake, 
 by the north-west side of Buffalo creek ; thence down the creek to its 
 mouth, and thence down the river to the place of beginning, and con- 
 tained about one hundred and twenty-eight acres, which was divided 
 into three hundred and fifty-five lots. 
 
 By the act of the 31st of March, 181 2, which incorporated " the 
 president and directors of the streets, lanes, and alleys of the town 
 of Lewisburg," the charter bounds commenced at the south side 
 
 / 
 
238 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1785. 
 
 of the mouth of Lyman's (formerly called Derr's) run, and ran 
 thence up the south side of the run, including the said run in its 
 meanders, to the line of George Derr's land ; thence along the same 
 to the fording of Buffalo creek ; thence down the south side thereof 
 to the river, and down the river to the place of beginning. And by 
 the act of the 21st of March, 1822, incorporating "the borough 
 of Lewisburg," the bounds were still further increased southerly, as 
 they commenced at the river, at a corner of Jacob Zentmeyer and 
 Margaret Spidler's land, and ran along the same N. 52° W. 62 
 perches, to a pine ; thence, the same course, by land then of Wil- 
 liam Shaw, James Bennet, James Geddes, George Berryman, and 
 WiUiam Hayes, 236 perches, to a pine on land of George Derr. 
 From this pine the line ran N. 2° W. 208 perches, to the creek; 
 thence down the creek and river to the beginning. 
 
 Ludwig Derr made a lottery the same year, and disposed of some 
 of the lots in this way, among the rest, lot No. 21, corner Fourth 
 and Market, on which (1877) Doctor Howard Wilson is now resid- 
 ing, was drawn by John Brown, and for which he paid three pounds, 
 as appears by the deposition of John Hennig, taken before Colonel 
 John Kelly, on the 2d of May, 1791. 
 
 The very first lot sold was No. 351, corner of Water and St. 
 Lewis, to WiUiam Wilson, 26th March. 
 
 The first residents of Lewisburg were Bolinger, John ; Conser, 
 Henry, (Reverend S. L. M. Conser is a grandson;) Dering, God- 
 frey, (removed to Selinsgrove ; one of his descendants was post- 
 master there;) Evans, Joseph, cabinet-maker, (descendants still in 
 Lewisburg;) Leonard, Peter, (descendants still in Lewisburg;) 
 Long, Edward ; Smith, Nicholas ; Welker, Jacob, tailor, (moved to 
 Mifiiinburg, and died there.) [See 1 788, for a description of Lewis- 
 burg at that time.] In September, Ludwig Derr went to Philadel- 
 phia to sell lots. The date of his death there is not known. The 
 last deed he signed is dated October 1 8. December 9, George Derr, 
 ^Walter Clark^ and John Weitzel, administered upon his estate. He 
 left a widow, Catherine, who survived him a very short time, and 
 only one heir, George Derr. September 13, Northumberland county 
 divided into four election districts, Buffalo, White Deer, and Potter in 
 the third, and held their elections at Fought's Mill, (near Mifflinburg.) 
 August sessions, Washington township, now partly in Lycoming, 
 
1785.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ' 23g 
 
 erected, the division line commencing a short distance above Widow 
 Smith's mills, thence west, along the south side of White Deer creek, 
 to where Spruce run commences. It was a mere sub-division of 
 White Deer township, calling the northern division Washington. 
 The following is a list of the inhabitants of Washington, as thus 
 erected : 
 
 Bennett, Ephraimj Bennett, Justice; Bennett, Thaddeus; Ben- 
 nett, Abraham ; Bennett, William ; Bently, Green ; Brown, Charles; 
 Brown, Judson ; Brown, William ; Caldwell, William ; Creal, Mi- 
 chael ; Coats, widow; Eason, Robert ; Emmons, John ; Emmons, 
 Jacob; Emmons, Jacob, (single;) Gray, William, junior; Green, 
 Ebenezer ; Harley, John ; Hendrick, Nathan ; Hickendoll, Her- 
 man ; Hood, Moses; Huling, Marcus ; Hunter, widow ; Laiidon, 
 Nathaniel ; Layn, Abraham ; Layn, Isaac ; Low, Cornelius, senior 
 and junior ; McCormick, Seth ; McCormick, Thomas ; Mackey, Wil- 
 liam ; Mitchell, John ; Ramsey, John ; Reynolds, Joseph ; Shaffer, 
 Nicholas ; Stephen, Adam ; Strieker, John ; Sunderland, Daniel ; 
 Tenbrooke, John ; Towsend, Gradius ; Towsend, Gamaliel ; Weeks, 
 Jesse. Assessors : William Gray, Joseph Allen, and Thomas Mc- 
 Cormick, 
 
 The fall election for members of the House was contested. Paul 
 Baldy, John Macpherson, and Samuel Quinn, among others, went to 
 Philadelphia as witnesses. The officer reported Richard Sherer, a wit- 
 ness, absent, and John Gray, another, gone to Fort Pitt. It appears, 
 by the report of the committee, that Frederick Antes had 41 4 votes, 
 Daniel Montgomery 410, Samuel Dale 414, William Maclay 407, 
 John Weitzel 396, Anthony Selin 297. Daniel Montgomery was 
 ousted, and William Maclay put in, upon a tie vote, the Speaker 
 deciding. Twenty-five members signed a protest against these pro- 
 ceedings, which seem to have been dictated by party rancor, for the 
 protestants say the reason of the contest was, that in one district the 
 names of the electors on the poll-list were ten short of the number 
 of tickets received by the inspectors, and that the testimony ac- 
 counted for this defect. They contended that the whole election 
 should have been set aside ; that the vote of the House was destruct- 
 ive to the rights of the people, and an unwarrantable usurpation, of 
 a very dangerous character. 
 
 In a petition to the Assembly of this year by Catherine jgmith. 
 
240 ■ ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1785. 
 
 indorsed, read December 8, 1785, she sets forth "that she was left 
 a widow, with ten children, with no estate to support this family, 
 except a location for three hundred acres of land, including the 
 mouth of White Deer creek, whereon is a good mill-seat; and a grist 
 and saw-mill being much wanted in this new country, at that time, 
 she wast often solicited to erect said mills. At length, in 1774, she 
 borrowed money, and in June, 1775, completed the mills, which 
 were of great advantage to the country, and the following summer 
 built a boring-mill, where a great number of gun-barrels were bored' 
 for the continent, and a hemp-mill. The Indian war soon after 
 coming on, (one of her sons, her greatest help, went into the army, 
 and, it is believed, was killed, as he never returned,) the said mills 
 soon became a frontier, and in July, 1779, the Indians burned the 
 whole works. She returned to the ruins in 1783, and was again 
 solicited to re-build the grist and saw-mills; which she has, with 
 much difficulty, accomplished, and now ejectments are brought 
 against her by Messrs. Claypool and Morris, and she, being now 
 reduced to such low circumstances as renders her unable to support 
 actions at law, and, therefore, prays relief," &c. The facts set forth 
 in this memorial are certified to by William Blythe, Charles Gilles- 
 pie, Colonel John Kelly, James Potter, the younger, and many 
 other citizens of Northumberland county. 
 
 The Legislature, of course, could grant no relief, under the cir- 
 cumstances, and the petition was dismissed. How long the litiga- 
 tion went on I am unable to determine; but in 1801, Seth Iredell 
 took possession of the premises as tenant of Claypool e and Morris. 
 She is said to have walked to Philadelphia and back thirteen times 
 on this business. Her house was where Doctor Danousky now 
 (1874) lives, on the Henry High place, part of the old stone house 
 being still used as a kitchen. She was buried in the old settlers' 
 grave-yard, which was at the corner of the Dan Caldwell barn. 
 Her bones were disturbed in Mr. Caldwell's time, in erecting a 
 sheep-pen, and were identified by old Mr. Huff, by her peculiar 
 projecting teeth. Some years since, an old man came to the place 
 and desired to look about the old dwelling. He spent several hours 
 about the place. When leaving, said he had come in from Ohio to 
 see it ; that he was a son of Catherine Smith, and that if justice had 
 been done her, they would still own the place. Roily McCorley, 
 
1786.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 241 
 
 who recollects the mill last built by her, said it was a small, round 
 log mill. 
 
 Field Officers Elected in April. 
 
 First Battalion — Peter Hosterman, lieutenant colonel; Christo- 
 pher Gettig, major. 
 
 Fifth Battahon — John Kelly, lieutenant colonel; Thomas Forster, 
 major. 
 
 Company Officers of the Fifth. 
 
 Captains — Michael Andrews, William Clark, John Thompson, 
 Joseph Poak, Joseph Green, Samuel McGrady, James Potter, junior, 
 John Macpherson. 
 
 Lieutenants — Adam Harper, Joseph Eaker, James Irwin, Samuel 
 Iddings, Henry Pontius, Jacob Dreisbach, John Brown, M. Wild- 
 goose. 
 
 Ensigns — Joseph Price, George Clark, George Books, James 
 Moore, J. Hunter, James Templeton. 
 
 1^86. 
 
 Slaves in the Valley — Pickering's Visit at G-eneral Potter's— Buf- 
 falo Valley Soldiers at Saratoga — First Folling-Mill Erected. 
 
 ' RESIDENT of the State, Benjamin Franklin. Member 
 of Council, William Maclay. Members of Assembly, 
 Frederick Antes and Samuel Dale. Lawyers admitted : 
 on examination, John Andre Hanna and Charles Smith ; 
 on motion, John Joseph Henry and Jacob Hubley. 
 
 Buffalo, Officers— Collector, George May ; Constable, John Cri- 
 der; Supervisors, George Rote and Leonard Welker; Overseers, 
 John Aurand and Samuel Mathers. 
 
 Among the taxables — Carney, Anthony ; Moore, James, tailor ; 
 16 
 
 
242 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1786. 
 
 Ohrendorf, Henry ; Piper, Henry ; Potts, David ; Stephens, Wil- 
 liam ; Straub, Jacob ; Swartzcope, Anthony ; Pool, William, ferry 
 at Macpherson's. Single Men : Getz, Adam ; Grove, Philip ; 
 Holmes, Jonathan. 
 
 In Lewisburg, additional residents — Armor, Thomas ; Hammersly, 
 John; Roan, Flavel; Snodgrass, David; Steele, Alexander; Troxel, 
 George ; Williams, William. 
 
 White Deer — Bear, Isaac; Coburn, John; High, Rudolph; 
 Sherer, Thomas ; Sims, William. 
 
 Penn's — Auple, Jonas; Bolender, Adam, junior; Bossier, George; 
 Businger, Conrad ; Dauberman, Christian ; Devore, Abram ; Gar- 
 mon, John; Gemberling, Jacob ; Giltner, Jacob ; Gross, Henry; 
 Gruber, Christian ; Mertz, Philip ; Nerhood, Henry ; Winkelpleck, 
 Henry. 
 
 In the Valley, Eli Holman, Samuel Hunter, and John Linn are 
 each taxed with female slaves. From the bill of sale, it appears John 
 Linn purchased his slave, called "■ Judy," of John McBeth, of Ches- 
 ter county, on the loth of April, 1786. After residing fifty-eight 
 years in the Valley, she removed with John Linn's (second) family 
 to Knox county, Ohio, and died near Mount Vernon, in that county, 
 November 4, 1855, upward of one hundred years old. 
 
 In March, George Derr and his mother sold George Langs the 
 ground between the railroad bridge and the site of the old wagon 
 bridge. It is not included in the town plan of Lewisburg, or laid 
 out in lots by number. At the same time, William Williams bought 
 No. 343, in Lewisburg, built a stone house, still standing, (Martin 
 Hahn's,) and a frame store-room, adjoining it on the south, and 
 opened the first regular store in the town. 
 
 At May sessions, C. Van Gundy was bound over for forcible entry, 
 &c., renewing the old controversy with George Derr, Ludwig'sson. 
 
 In the life of Colonel T. Pickering, volume 2, page 251, is a letter 
 from him, dated August 12, 1786, "at Philip Francis',, about a mile 
 above the mouth of Muncy creek, and three miles below Mr. Wal- 
 lis'," in which he states Mr, Wallis was to go with him to make sur- 
 veys in Wyoming. "As Mr. Wallis was not ready, we spent two 
 nights and one day at General Potter's, where we were kindly enter- 
 tained." On the 15th he adds : " We were to set off for Tioga, but 
 my horse has wounded himself. I am going down to General Pot- 
 
1786.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 243 
 
 ter's to borrow or purchase another." This proves clearly that Gen- 
 eral Potter then resided on the Ard farm, just above New Columbia. 
 At August sessions, Andrew Billmyer's tavern was licensed. He 
 kept two miles up the Valley, where his grandson, John Lesher, now 
 lives. Magdalena Pohlhemus, an indentured servant to E. Younk- 
 man, presented a petition to court to be allowed her freedom dues ; 
 and after giving due notice, the court ordered Mr. Younkman to 
 pay her five dollars down, and three dollars next May, as freedom 
 dues for seven year's service. 
 
 23d September, an orphans' court was held at the house of Flavel 
 Roan, (at the mouth of Buffalo creek,) before William Irwin and 
 John Kelly, justices, when the applications of George Martin and 
 Samuel McClurgan for pensions were considered. They belonged 
 to Colonel Cooke's twelfth regiment, but were drafted into Colonel 
 Daniel Morgan's riflemen, sent to resist Burgoyne. They were 
 wounded at Saratoga, in October, 1777. 
 
 In September, George Derr sold Flavel Roan and Sankey Dixon 
 the ground between St. John's street and St. Anthony's, along the 
 creek. Sankey and Ann, his wife, sold out to Roan, and went on 
 West. Sankey had been sergeant and ensign all through the war, in 
 sixth Pennsylvania regiment. He died at Nashville, Tennessee, in 
 1 81 4. Roan then kept the ferry, two years before it had been leased 
 to Henry Conser, who sold to Stephen Duchman, the latter to Roan. 
 Christopher Weiser built the first fulling-mill in the Valley, on Tur- 
 tle creek, on what is now Peter Wolfe's place, and James Watson 
 built the first grist-mill, erected at Seebold's, above New Berlin. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Catharine, widow of Ludwig Derr. 
 
 Captain John Forster, often mentioned in Brady's adventures. 
 His old log house stood to the left of the road to Hoffa's mills, be- 
 yond Rishel's stone house. He left a widow, Jane. First son, James, 
 afterwards married to a daughter of William Clark, to whom he 
 willed the old place. James moved to Ohio. His son John, who lived 
 in Brush valley, was the father of Mrs. William C. Duncan, of 
 Lewisburg. Second son, William, a bachelor, said to be the first 
 white child born in the Valley. Third, John Forster, so long a part- 
 ner of James Duncan, at Aaronsburg. (Descendants : Sarah, mar- 
 
244 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. .[1787. 
 
 ried to William Vanvalzah; Emeline, to S. S. Barber; Margaret, 
 to Doctor Charles Wilson ; Jane, to R. B. Barber, Esquire.) Fourth, 
 daughters : Agnes, Margaret, and Dorcas. 
 
 James Jenkins, aged eighty-two, left widow, Phoebe, and sons 
 William and James. 
 
 Cornelius Dimpsey, left widow, and children, Mary, James, and 
 Jonathan. Captain James Thompson bought the place of his widow, 
 in 1 796, late Jacob Zeibach's, in Kelly. 
 
 Lietenant Colonel Neigal Gray, twelfth Pennsylvania, of White 
 Deer. Children : John ; Elizabeth, married John Auld ; Isabella, 
 and Robert. 
 
 xrm- 
 
 Families in White Deer Hole Valley — Andrew Gregg's Wedding — 
 Call to Eeverend Hugh Morrison — Members of his Congregation. 
 
 I EMBERS of Assembly : Samuel Maclay and John White. 
 Sheriff, Thomas Grant. County Commissioners, John 
 Lytle, Walter Clark, and William Gray. 
 
 Buffalo township : Constable, John Clark 3 Overseers, 
 David Watson and Michael Vought ; SupervisOTS,'^TEomas Forster 
 and Andrew Billmyer ; Assessor, William Irwin, Esquire ; Assist- 
 ants, William Moore and Flavel Roan; Collector, Jolvi Sierer. 
 Among residents — Anderson, William ; Barber, Thomas ; Barber, 
 Samuel; Baum, Charles; Carothers, William; Dixon, Sankey ; 
 Getz, Adam; Irwin, Matthew; Johnson, Christopher; Nevius, 
 Christian; Pickle, Jacob; Wales, Henry. 
 
 White Deer, additional residents — Falls, James ; Farley, Caleb ; 
 Farley, John; Laird, Matthew; Marshall, Richard: 
 
 Washington — Grub, Peter; Hagerman, James; Lawson, John; 
 Sips, Joseph; Swan, Samuel. 
 
 Fenn's, among residents, ^'c. — Ball, George ; Bickle, Simon, dis- 
 tillery; Biegh, Frederick; Burkert, John; Bright, Michael; Ditzler, 
 
1787.] AXXALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 245 
 
 John; Grum, Jacob; Herrold, Simon, hemp-mill; Hertz, John; 
 Kremer, Daniel; Lutz, John: Manning, Nathan; Miller, Widow, 
 saw-mill ; Motz, John, oil-mill ; Mumma, John ; Reedy, Peter ; 
 Ruch, John ; Snyder, John ; Stump, William, with distillery ; 
 Swineford, Albright, taxed with a slave; Zieber, Adam. 
 Isle of Que : Weaver, Michael, junior ; Wayland, George. 
 
 Sketches by John F. Wolfinger, Esquire. 
 
 In 1787, "White Deer Hole valley had fourteen families of white 
 settlers, whose names and places of residence were as follows : 
 
 1. Rachel Weeks, an old Enghsh widow woman, occupied a 
 small log hut or cabin, near the mouth of White Deer Hole creek, 
 between the bank of the river and where the fine brick mansion of 
 John S. Smith now stands. Rachel had six children, named Jeth, 
 Job, Hanna, Jemima, Xaomi, and Annie. 
 
 2. Thomas Weisner, occupied a cabin on the river bank, near 
 where the bridge at Uniontown now crosses the river Susquehanna, 
 about half a mile north of Rachel Weeks' . Thomas, who had a -n-ife 
 and six or seven children, afterwards moved away to parts unkno^Ti. 
 
 3. John Rumsey, occupied a cabin on the river bank, north of 
 Wiesner's, and had a wife and nine children, and a small farm here. 
 He is supposed to have come here from the State of Xew York, and 
 soon after returned to that State. He talked English. 
 
 4. George Gray, occupied a cabin on the river bank, about three 
 quarters of a mile north of Rumsey "s, and had a wife and three chil- 
 dren. He talked English, and worked at little jobs around among 
 his neighbors, but moved away about two years afterward to parts 
 unknown. 
 
 5. Marcus Huling, occupied a cabin on the river bank, about 
 three hundred yards north of Gray's, and had a wife and five chil- 
 dren. He talked English, and worked at his trade, being a black- 
 smith. He afterwards moved higher up, or west, into the Valley, and 
 from thence to Newberry, and from thence again to Youngmans- 
 town, (Mifflinburg,) and finally into York State. He is supposed 
 to have been a cousin of the Marcus Huling, also a blacksmith, 
 who lived at the town of Milton at th§.t day. 
 
 6. Cornelius Vanfleet, a New Jerse}Tnan, occupied a cabin that 
 
246 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1787. 
 
 Stood on the White Deer Hole creek, a httle west of the widow 
 Weeks'. He acted as a justice of the peace for many years, and 
 died here on the 7th of December, 1841, in the eighty-fifth year of 
 his age. His remains he buried in the Presbyterian grave-yard. 
 
 7. Peter Dougherty, an Irishman, occupied a cabin on the White 
 Deer Hole creek, about a mile and a quarter above the mouth of the 
 creek. He had a wife and children, and afterwards moved farther 
 west into the Valley, and finally out to the State of Ohio. 
 
 8. Eleanor Brown, commonly called "Nellie Brown." She was 
 the widow of Matthew Brown, already noticed, and occupied a 
 cabin on the White Deer Hole creek, about two and a half miles 
 west of its mouth. She died at her son's, William Brown's, cabin, 
 that stood about half a mile west of her own cabin, on the 9th of 
 August, 1 81 4, and her descendants are still found in this Valley and 
 its adjacent parts. 
 
 9. Samuel Swan, occupied a cabin that stood about two hundred 
 and thirteen yards due west of Eleanor Brown's. Swan talked Eng- 
 lish, had a wife and children, and afterwards moved away to parts 
 unknown. 
 
 10. Seth McCormick, an Irishman, occupied a cabin on South 
 creek, a branch of White Deer Hole creek, about a mile west of 
 Swan's cabin. Seth died here on the 17th of January, 1835, in the 
 seventy-ninth year of his age. His remains lie buried in the old 
 Presbyterian, (now Lutheran,) grave-yard, at the "stone church," 
 on the south-west side of Penny Hill. He left a wife and nine 
 children, and his descendants are still living here, and occupy a part 
 of their great ancestor's estate. 
 
 11. Thomas McCormick, an Irishman, and a brother of Seth's, 
 occupied a cabin on South creek, about half a mile from Seth's. He 
 seems to have acted as a justice of the peace for some years. He 
 died on the 6th of October, 1826, aged seventy-two years, and his 
 remains also lie buried in the old grave-yard, near the above ' ' stone 
 church." 
 
 12. Jesse Weeks, a son of the widow Weeks, already noticed, oc- 
 cupied a cabin that stood on the north side of " Spring creek," the 
 northern branch of White Deer Hole creek, and about four miles 
 west of its junction with "South creek." Jesse Weeks died here, 
 but his age and place of burial are unknown. 
 
1787.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 247 
 
 13. Daniel Sunderland, an Englishman, occupied a cabin that 
 stood about a mile further up on Spring creek, and he died there. 
 
 14. John Farley, a New Jerseyman, came here in 1787, from the 
 State of New Jersey, with a wife and seven children, named Jacob, 
 Barbara, Minard, John, David, Naomi, and Fanny. He immedi- 
 ately built himself a log cabin, and occupied it, on White Deer Hole 
 creek, about two hundred feet from where the dwelling house of the 
 late Charles Gudykunst now stands, and being an active and enter- 
 prising man, he soon afterwards built himself a log grist-mill here, 
 \\it first one in the Valley, as already stated. 
 
 I have obtained all of the above facts relative to these fourteen 
 families, (excepting what relates to their times of death and places 
 of burial,) from Mr. John Farley, a son of the above John Farley, 
 and who is still living in our Valley, a venerable white haired old 
 gentleman, in the eighty-eighth year of his age, whose house I visited 
 for that purpose on Tuesday, the 17th of July, 1870. 
 
 He says: "I was born in Tewksbury township, Hunterdon 
 county, State of New Jersey, on the 9th of July, 1783, and came 
 here into this Valley with my father, John Farley, in 1787, when I 
 was four years old. And I have resided here ever since, for the 
 long space of eighty-three years, and knew and remember the names 
 of all the white settlers that lived in this Valley in the spring of 1 7S7, 
 when I came here, and where their log huts or cabins stood, and 
 how their cabins were made. My father built one of the same kind 
 of cabins here in 1 787, and four or five years afterwards he also built 
 a small log grist-mill here, with but one pair of grinding stones in 
 it ; the first grist-mill erected in this Valley. In the year 1800, my 
 father, after living here thirteen years, moved back to the State of 
 New Jersey. But he died here in this Valley in June, 1822, while he 
 was up here on a visit to me and my family. He was upwards of 
 seventy years of age when he died, and my brothers and sisters are all 
 dead, and I am now the only one left of all my father's family. 
 Very great changes have taken place in the appearance of this Val- 
 ley, its farms, houses, barns, &c., since I came here; changes far 
 greater than any I ever expected to see here, and all for the better." 
 
 John Swineford opened the first hotel at Middleburg, Snyder 
 county. loth June, George Derr sells George Knox as much water 
 
248 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1787. 
 
 as will run out of an inch hole at the bottom of the race, two poles 
 from Derr's house. 
 
 29th January, Andrew Gregg was married by the Reverend John 
 Hoge to Martha Potter, daughter of General James Potter, at the 
 latter's residence, the first farm above Jacob McCorley's, Esquire. 
 Mr. Gregg rode up from Carlisle on horseback, and brought Mr. 
 Hoge with him. There were then no Presbyterian clergymen settled 
 in this part of the country, and some sixteen or seventeen couples 
 took advantage of Mr. Hoge's presence, hurried up their matches, as 
 Mr. Hoge had to return to Carlisle within a limited time. 
 
 Andrew Gregg moved to Oldtown, now Lewistown, ^yhere his first 
 daughter, Mary, afterward Mrs. McLanahan, of Greencastle, was 
 born, November 3, 1788. In 1789 Mr. Gregg moved to Penn's val- 
 ley, within two miles of Old Fort. In 1790 he was elected member 
 of Congress, and by seven successive elections for several districts, 
 as they were arranged from time to time, including one by a general 
 vote over the whole State, was continued a member of that body for 
 sixteen successive years, and during the session of 1 806-1 807 was 
 elected a member of the Senate of the United States. In December, 
 1820, Governor Hiester appointed him Secretary of the Common- 
 wealth. He died in Bellefonte, on the 20th of May, 1835, aged 
 eighty years. He had removed there some years previous, for the 
 purpose of educating his children. His wife died in 1815. He was 
 born on the Conodoguinet creek, near Carlisle, July 10, 1755, and 
 received a classical education ; was tutor for some years in the Uni- 
 versity of Pennsylvania, and first settled at Middletown, Pennsylva- 
 nia, where he kept store. He had a fine library, containing all the 
 Greek and Latin classics, most of which are still in the possession of 
 his daughter, Mrs. Margery Tucker, of Lewisburg. His grandchil- 
 dren, Governor A. G. Curtin, General D. M. Gregg, and General 
 John I. Gregg, have flung far forward into the future the light of 
 their family fame. 
 
 In May, 1787, a call was given to the Reverend Hugh Morrison,^ 
 by the Buffalo Cross-Roads congregation, in connection with the con- 
 
 ^The Keverend Hugh Morrison, the first regular pastor of the Presbyterian 
 Church in this Valley, came from Ireland, Presbytery of Koot, in 1786. Among the 
 records of the Synod, under date May 18, 1786, "the Presbytery of Donegal reported 
 that they had, since our last meeting, admitted Hugh Morrison; a licensed candidate 
 from the Presbytery of Root, in Ireland," &,c. 
 
1787.1 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 24^ 
 
 gregations of Northumberland and Sunbury, and among die records 
 of die Synod, May 22, 1788, is die following: Carlisle Presbytery 
 reports that it has, since our last meeting, ordained to the work of 
 the Gospel ministry Mr. Samuel W, Wilson, in the pastoral charge 
 of "Big Spring" congregation, and Mr. Hugh Morrison, in the 
 pastoral charge of the Sunbury, Northumberland and Buffalo Valley 
 congregations. The following is a copy of the call, for which, with 
 other material in reference to this church, I am indebted to Isaac 
 Grier, D. D., of Mifflinburg : 
 
 "Mr. Hugh Morrison, Preacher of the Gospel : 
 
 " Sir : We, the subscribers, members of the united congregations 
 of Buffalo, Sunbury, and Northumberland, having never in these 
 places had the stated administration of the Gospel Ordinances, yet 
 highly prizing the same, and having a view to the advancement of 
 the Kingdom of Christ, and the spiritual edification of ourselves and 
 families, have set ourselves to obtain that blessing among us. And, 
 therefore, as we have had the opportunity of some of your labors in 
 these places, and are satisfied with your soundness, piety, and minis- 
 terial ability to break unto us the bread of life, we do most honestly 
 and sincerely, in the name of the Great Shepherd of the flock, Jesus 
 Christ, call and invite you to come and take the pastoral charge and 
 oversight of us in the Lord. And for your encouragement, we do 
 promise, if God shall dispose your heart to embrace 'this our call, 
 that we will pay a dutiful attention to the word and ordinances of 
 God by you administered ; that we will be subject to your adminis- 
 trations and reproofs, should our falls and miscarriages expose us 
 thereto ; and will submit to the discipline of the Church, exercised 
 by you agreeably to the word of God. And, also, that we will treat 
 your person with friendship and respect, and behave in all things 
 towards you as becomes a christian society to behave towards their 
 pastor, who labors among them in word and doctrine. Further, we 
 are persuaded that those who serve at the altar, should live by the 
 altar. We do promise, in order that you may be as much as possible 
 freed from worldly incumbrances, to provide for you comfortable 
 and honorable maintenance, in the manner as set forth in our sub- 
 scription papers attending this our call, during your continuance 
 with us as our regular pastor. In witness of our hearty desire to have 
 
2^0 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1787. 
 
 you settle among us, we hereunto set our names this 31st day of 
 May, 1787." 
 
 Signed by seventeen from Northumberland, eight from Sunbury, 
 and forty-eight from Buffalo. On it is the following deputation : 
 
 "We, the undersigned, do nominate, appoint, and intrust the 
 Reverend Mr. Wilson with the annexed call for the Reverend Mr. 
 Morrison, to be by him presented to the moderator of the Carlisle 
 Presbytery, for the purpose mentioned. Signed : William Gray and 
 Abram Scott, for Sunbury ; William Cooke and James Hepburn, for 
 Northumberland; and William Clark, for Buffalo." ' "~ 
 
 In October, Reverend Hugh Morrison became pastor of the Buf- 
 falo Cross-Roads Presbyterian church. The congregation engaged 
 to pay him ;^75 per year. From a list of contributing members 
 found in the treasurer's book, I gather the following names : An- 
 derson, John ; Allen, Joseph ; Baldy, Christopher ; Barrett, James ; 
 Black, Thomas ; ^Boyd, James ; ^Brady, John ; ^Buchanan, James ; 
 ^Charters, William ; Clarke, Captain John ; Clark, Robert ; ^Clark, 
 Walter ; ^Clark, William ; Cox, Samuel ; Cox, Tunis ; Davis, David ; 
 ^Davis, John ; Derr, George ; ^Douglass, William ; Dugan, William ; 
 Elder, Thomas ; Evans, Joseph ; ^Farley, John , Fleming, William ; 
 ^Forster, Andrew ; ^Forster, James; ^Fruit, Robert; Graham, Edward; 
 ^Gray, John; Gray, Captain William; Green, Joseph; Grogan, 
 Charles ; Hammersly, George ; ^Holmes, Jonathan ; Hudson, Jo- 
 seph ; Huntsman, James; Hutchinson, Thorhas; Irvine, William; 
 Irvine, Matthew; ^Irwin, William, Esquire; Johnston, Christopher; 
 Kennedy, Alexander; ^Kelly, Colonel John; Knox, George; Laird, 
 Matthew; Lewis, Paschall ; Links, George; ^Linn, John; Lowdon, 
 Captain John; McClenachan, William and Andrew; McDougal, 
 William ; McGrady, Alexander ; Maclay, Samuel ; Magee, James ; 
 Marshall, William; ^Miller, Benjamin; Milligan, John; Montgom- 
 ery, Samuel ; Moore, George ; Nichols, William ; Poak, Charles ; 
 ^Poak, Joseph ; Toak, Thomas ; Poak, Widow ; Porter, Samuel ; 
 ^Ray, John; Rees, Daniel; Reznor, John; Roan, Flavel ; Rodman, 
 Widow; Rorison, Alexander; Scroggs, Allen; Sherer, Richard 
 and Joseph ; Sims, William ; Snodgrass, David ; Steele, Alexander ; 
 ^Thompson, Captain James ; ^Thompson, John; Vanvolsan, Levi; 
 ^Watson, David ; Williams, William ; and Wilson, William. 
 
 Shortly after Mr. Morrison's arrival, an election for elders re- 
 
1787.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 25^ 
 
 suited in the choice of Walter Clark, John Linn, William Irwin, 
 David Watson, John Reznor, and Joseph Allen. The siibscriptions 
 by the more wealthy attendants upon service were Andrew Forster, 
 -£2 ; Samuel Maclay, John Lowdon, and William Irwin, each, £1 
 \os.; William Irvine £1 6s.-, James Forster £1 2s. 
 
 Those marked ( ^ ) were signers of Mr. Morrison's call, and as 
 such, in 1803, were sued for back stipends. The principal and in- 
 terest and costs, when they made the last payment, in December, 
 1810, was ^1,179 30. 
 
 September 17, the Constitution of United States was adopted, 
 and on December 12, the State Convention ratified it. The dele- 
 gates to the latter from Northumberland county were Colonel 
 William Wilson and his partner, John Boyd. They then kept store 
 in the town of Northumberland. In 1791, Colonel Wilson built 
 the Chillisquaque mills, at the mouth of that creek, and moved to 
 that place. 
 
 At November sessions, the road commencing at the head of Penn's 
 valley ; thence through Aaronsburg to the road at Richard Lowdon's 
 barn ; thence down the same to John Davidson's ferry, was laid out. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Alexander Beatty, of New Berlin. Children : Jane, Agnes, Hugh, 
 John, Hannah, Sarah, James, and Alexander. The deceased car- 
 ried on the first tannery in the Valley, on site of present town of 
 New Berlin. 
 
 Matthew Young, of Buffalo. Children : Margaret, (see her cap- 
 ture, related 1 781,) still hving, in 1787, John, Sarah, and Agnes. 
 One of his daughters married Robert Dixon. Sarah was residing in 
 Westmoreland county, in March, 1796, when she gave Colonel 
 Kelly and Captain Thompson a letter of attorney to draw her share 
 under her father's will. 
 
 John Snyder, original owner of Selinsgrove, brother of Simon, 
 subsequently Governor. 
 
 John McClung, of Buffalo. Children : John, James, Matthew, 
 Charles, Rebecca, Esther, and Elizabeth. 
 
 Sebastian Kerstetter, of Beaver. Children: Martin, Lenhart, 
 Peter, Sebastian, Catharine, and Margaret. 
 
 James Thorn, of Buffalo. 
 
^fflnm^^s^l^^^ 
 
 >T 
 
 17 
 
 Dreisbach CnuRCH — Roads — Houses in Lewisburg — Matthew Laird's 
 
 Family. 
 
 EMBER of Council, William Maclay. Members of 
 Assembly, Samuel Maclay and John White. County 
 Commissioners, William Gray, Peter Hosterman, and 
 John Lytle. Treasurer, John Buyers. 
 
 By act of 26th of September, the Buffalo election place was 
 changed from Fought's to Andrew Billmyer's tavern, on the road 
 mentioned below. 
 
 In August, Christian Van Gundy, William Irvine, John Thomp- 
 son, David Watson, and Andrew Billmyer reported that they had 
 laid out the road, beginning at Derrstown, on the West Branch ; 
 thence to the meeting-house, in Buffalo ; thence to Thompson's 
 mill, on Buffalo creek j thence to the east side of George Rote's 
 lane, where it intersects the road leading from Davidson's ferry to 
 the narrows ; distance, nine and a half miles. (Thompson's mill 
 became Rockey's in 1789.) This is the road leading past the late 
 Francis Wilson's, (by old Billmyer place,) to Miffiinburg. 
 
 In November, John Clarke, John Lowdon, and Philip Voneida 
 reported a road from Michael Shirtz's, at the narrows of Penn's 
 creek, past Peter Kester's, on the Cole place, to a pine tree at the 
 end of Colonel Clarke's lane. This is still the main road down 
 Penn's creek, through Laurelton, Hartleton, and then south of the 
 turnpike to Miffiinburg. 
 
 Additional Residents of Bujfalo — Betz, Abraham ; Bogenreif, 
 Christopher ; Caldwell, Samuel ; Dobbins, Robert ; Miller, Chris- 
 
 252 
 
1788. j ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 253 
 
 tian ; Sims, William, weaver, at Alexander McGrady's ; Vanvalzah, 
 Doctor Robert ; Yentzer, Christian. 
 
 Lewisburg — Eaton, John; Grove, Wendell; Kendig, Jacob, 
 (Isle of Que;) McCrackeri, Widow; Scroggs, Allen; Wise, Fred- 
 erick. 
 
 Improvements in White Deer — John Bear's saw-mill. 
 
 Among Residents- — Adams, Joseph ; Bennage, Samuel ; Denning, 
 Samuel ; Derr, Frederick ; Henning, Philip, distillery ; Hoover, 
 John; Linn, William, on Joseph Brundage's place; McLanahan, 
 Andrew; Perry, Thomas. 
 
 Single Men, taxed \os. each — Black, Timothy; Hammersly, 
 James ; Iddings, Isaac ; Iddings Henry ; Laird, Moses ; Scott, 
 Thomas; Smith, Ludwig. 
 
 Penn's Township — Bickle, Tobias, grist-mill ; Brownlee, William ; 
 Bowerman, Daniel ; Buchtell, John ; Carstetter, Bostian ; Eberhart, 
 Philip; Howell, Adam; Kay, Frederick; Koons, John; Meiser, 
 Henry, saw-mill; Miller, Widow, saw-mill; Miller, Benjamin; 
 Notestone, John ; Neiman, Weiand ; Pyle, George, distillery and 
 saw-mill ; Quinn, William ; Quinn, Thomas ; Rush, Daniel ; Ship- 
 ton, Thomas, distillery ; Shock, Jacob, grist and saw-mill ; Snyder, 
 S. ; Spade, David ; Spade, Jacob ; Swineford, George. 
 
 The following memorandum, relative to the Dreisbach church, is 
 derived from the late John Schrack, Esquire : 
 
 " In this year the German Reformed and Lutheran congregations 
 united in building a log church, where the Dreisbach Church now 
 stands. John Pontius had set apart some land, on the south end of the 
 Bucher tract, for a church and burying- ground, (the family burying- 
 ground is still there,) but Martin Dreisbach, senior, offering to donate 
 seven and a half acres for that purpose, it was judged best to accept 
 that. On the part of the Reformed, John Aurand and Elias Younk- 
 man were trustees ; Martin Dreisbach and Jacob Grozean were elders ; 
 Peter Frederick and Henry Dreisbach, deacons. On the Lutheran 
 side, Herman J. Shellhart was pastor ; Christian Storms and Adam 
 Christ were trustees ; Casper Bower and Henry Meizner, elders ; 
 Jacob Metzgar and John Sierer, deacons. The names of some of the 
 members of the Reformed Church were : Aurand, George ; Aurand, 
 Henry; Barnhart, Matthias ; Barnhard, Henry; Brown, John ; Dreis- 
 bach, John ; Dreisbach, Jacob ; Frederick, George ; Fisher, George ; 
 
2S4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1788. 
 
 Mook, Jacob ; Michael Vought, and John Pontius. Of the Lutheran, 
 John G. Buch, George Bower, John Hiltman, Stephen Duchman, 
 Jacob Gebhart, John Meizner, Leonard Welker, Mathias Alsbaugh, 
 Adam Kreichbaum, William Rockey, Peter Fisher, Leonard Gron- 
 inger, George Smith, Christopher Wagner, Adam Meizner, George 
 Buch, Christopher Bickel, Jacob Welker, Christopher Baldy, John 
 Crider. In 1839 the log church was taken down, and a brick build- 
 ing erected. Among the pastors of this church were Dietrick Au- 
 rand, Gentzler, Pfriemer, Shellhart, Geisweit, William Ilgen, John 
 C. Walter, and Herbst, but the dates of their service are unknown." 
 
 In November, William Gray, Esquire, deputy surveyor, made a 
 re-survey of Lewisburg, and in his plan indicated the roads then ex- 
 isting, and the lots built upon, with their occupiers. 
 
 The road from Sunbury to Muncy is marked as along the bank, on 
 the opposite side of the river, and Captain John Brady's house as 
 immediately opposite Strohecker's landing. Thomas Rees is marked 
 as the owner of the house at Strohecker's, and the road to Penn's 
 valley, as running directly west from it. The road from Sunbury to 
 Buffalo and Penn's valley is marked as intersecting the last men- 
 tioned road, some distance from the river, and crossing Lime- 
 stone run, opposite Third street ; then entering Fourth street, and 
 running along it out to the creek, it crossed the creek at Colonel 
 Slifer's upper farm, the site of the new iron bridge built there, 
 then the site of High's saw-miil, the remains of which are yet visi- 
 ble, where it intersected a road leading up to Gundy's mill above, 
 and thence up the Valley. From High's mill at the creek it ran 
 over to William Gray's, (there was no road then crossing Buffalo 
 creek at its mouth ;) thence by Robert Fruit's, &c. There were no 
 houses west of Fourth street, and the first one on it is where John 
 Griffin built a fine house, (18 71.) Alexander Steele had a house 
 where John Beeber resided, and a tan-yard, on that square. Ed- 
 ward Long lived opposite^ on the Charles Buyer lot, and next to him, 
 north, was Wendell Grove. John Bolinger had a house on the alley 
 behind William Nogel's present residence. John Hamersly lived 
 on the corner of Third and St. George, where Reverend Job Harvey 
 now lives. There was also a small log house, burned down some 
 thirty-five years ago on the same lot. 
 
 On Second, George Troxell lived, and owned the adjoining lot. 
 
1788.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 255 
 
 Doctor Buyers built the present house, on the corner of St. Cathe- 
 rine's, where Troxell lived. There was a house also on Spyker's corner, 
 opposite James S. Marsh's new residence. Jacob Welker lived on 
 the site of Marsh's new house. David Snodgrass lived on the Chroni- 
 cle lot, opposite where his widow afterwards kept a cake and beer 
 saloan. Nicholas Smith occupied the only house on Market, now 
 Jonathan Wolfe's lot, west of his residence. The two lots where the 
 depot now stands are marked " Roman Chapel." On Front, Joseph 
 Evans, cabinet-maker, had the only house, on the lot now owned 
 by William Cameron, Esquire. Joseph Sherer lived on the corner 
 of Water street, where Halfpenny's woolen store or warehouse now is. 
 
 William Williams had a store where Martin Hahn's stone house is 
 now. Ellenckhuysen's ferry was opposite to it. Henry Conser, prob- 
 ably, lived where Spyker's heirs now live. He was the grandfather of 
 Reverend S. L. M. Conser, so James Kelly tells me. Thomas Armor, 
 probably, lived on the Griffin lot, and the only other inhabitant of 
 Lewisburg, Flavel Roan, lived in Derr's tenant house. Where that 
 was I do not know. Roan owned three lots, James Walls, John 
 Nesbit, and Henry Frick's, lying close together, and had the ferry 
 over Buffalo creek. George Derr, of course, lived at the mill. The 
 old house stood in what is now the garden, just two rods north-east 
 of the place where Hull's tannery water-pipe taps the race. George 
 Knox, father of Mrs. William Armstrong, probably, made his tan- 
 yard this year, where E. J. Hull now has his. In July of 1787, 
 George Derr conveyed to Knox, for tan-yard purposes, as much, 
 water as will run out of an inch hole, at the bottom of the race, two 
 poles from Derr's house. 
 
 October i, Winiamjvlaclay and Robert Morris, first United States 
 Senators from Pennsylvania, elected. A paper of the day says : 
 " The landed and commercial interests of the State will be well rep- 
 resented." 
 
 The Congressmen were elected on a general ticket, and not from 
 districts. 
 
 Matthew Laird, who came to the Valley this year, is the ancestor 
 of a large generation. He came originally from Ireland, where his 
 son James was born. He was a wagoner with General Braddock's 
 army, and was in Colonel Dunbar's camp when the news came back 
 of General Braddock's defeat, 9th July, 1 755. [See his statement in 
 
2^6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1788. 
 
 the Colonial Records, volume 6, page 482.] He says, "a wounded 
 officer was carried into camp on a sheet ; then they beat to arms, 
 on which the wagoners and many common soldiers took to flight, 
 in spite of the sentries, who forced many to return, but many got 
 away, among them, this examinant." His daughter, Isabella Black, 
 was twelve years old when he came to White Deer. Matthew Laird 
 died in August, 1821. His children were James, John, Isabella, 
 married to James Black, Moses, (father of R. H. Laird, Esquire,) 
 who died in Derry, in January, i8i6, Margaret, married to John 
 Blakeney, Matthew, who died in Tiffin, Ohio, Ehzabeth, and Ann. 
 Moses married Jane Hayes, and their son. Reverend Matthew, mar- 
 ried a Miss Myers, and went out as missionary to Africa, dying 
 there, May 4, 1834. Their other children were John, Mrs. Mc- 
 
 Calmont, Mrs. Joseph Milliken, of Chnton county, , married 
 
 William Caldwell. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Leonard Groninger, leaving widow, Elizabeth. Children : Leon- 
 ard, Daniel, Jacob, Susanna, Margaret, and Elizabeth. 
 Jacob Aurand. 
 
 John Rearick, senior. Children : Mary and John. 
 Margaret Green, wife of Joseph. 
 
17^9 
 
 4 ! 
 
 BoUDE Family — Residents of Beaver Township — First G-erman Re- 
 formed Pastor — Manufactures, &c. — Deaths of Major Lawrence 
 Keene and General James Potter. 
 
 RESIDENT of the State, Thomas Mifflin. WiUiam 
 
 Wilson, member of the Supreme Executive Council. 
 
 Samuel Maclay and John White, members of Assembly. 
 
 William Montgomery, President Judge. Abraham Piatt, 
 
 William Shaw, &c.. Associates. 
 
 July 28th, Jasper Ewing, Esquire, appointed Prothonotary, vice 
 Major Lawrence Keene, deceased. John Simpson, re-appointed 
 Register and Recorder ; Frederick Antes, Treasurer ; Martin With- 
 ington, elected Sheriff. County Commissioners, John Lytle, Peter 
 Hosterman, and William, Hepburn. Commissioner's Clerk, H. 
 Douty. Bernard Hubley, Lieutenant of the county. 
 
 On the 7th of January, the first election for presidential electors 
 resulted in the choice of General Edward Hand, Colonel George 
 Gibson, John Arndt, Colinson Reed, Lawrence Keene, James Wil- 
 son, James O'Hara, Colonel David Grier, Samuel Potts, and Alex- 
 ander Graydon. 
 
 November 19th, Daniel Brodhead, Surveyor General, appointed 
 the following deputy surveyors : Henry Vanderslice, for part of 
 Berks ; Joseph J. Wallis, for part of Northumberland ; James Harris, 
 for part of Mifflin ; William Gray, part east of the Susquehanna. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo : Constable, C. Baldy; Overseers, Isaac Hanna 
 and Wendell Baker ; Supervisors, William Williams and James Wat- 
 son ; Fence Viewers, John Crider and Benjamin Miller. 
 17 ^S7 
 
2s8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 1789. 
 
 Additio?ial Taxables of Buffalo — Mathias Alsbach ; Henry Fulton, 
 merchant at Lewisburg ; Philip Grove, Jacob Kephart, Joseph 
 Oldts, George Oldts, William Rockey, John Rengler, (grist and 
 saw-mill,) Henry Sassaman, John Shuck. 
 
 Officers of White Deer — Constable, Robert Clark ; Supervisors, 
 John Lackey and Samuel Dale ; Overseers, Thomas Hutchinson and 
 Richard Irwin. Additional resident, Roan McClure, (taxed with a 
 negro.) 
 
 Caleb Farley built the grist-mill on White Deer Hole creek, late 
 Charles Gudykunst's. 
 
 January ist, Paschall Lewis married to Elizabeth Boude by Colo- 
 nel John Kelly, justice. The Boudes were a highly respectable 
 family, from Lancaster county, one of whom. Major Thomas Boude, 
 distinguished himself as an ofiicer in the revolutionary war, and 
 stands connected with some of the largest and most respectable fami- 
 lies in our Valley. Thomas Barber's wife, Mary, and Robert Bar- 
 ber, Esquire's wifj, Sarah, were Boudes, sisters of Mrs. Lewis. 
 
 Names of the Residents of Beaver Township, taken from an Assess- 
 ment made by Daniel Hassinger, in April, 1789. 
 
 Albright, Jacob ; Aupel, Peter ; Barnes, John ; Beak, Frederick ; 
 Beard, Jacob; Bell, George; Bopp, Conrad; Boutch, Anthony, 
 distillery; Breiner, Philip; Briesenger, Conrad; Carrel, Hugh; Car- 
 rel, Frederick ; Christy, James ; Clark, James ; Deininger, Fred- 
 erick; Deward, Francis; Dido, Frantz; Diese, Michael; Dries, 
 John ; Dries, Jacob ; Dries, Peter ; Everhart, Barnard ; Everhart, 
 Frederick; Gift, Adam; Gooden, Moses ; Gothers, Henry ; Grim, 
 Jacob; Hall, Matthew; Hartz, John; Hassinger, Jacob; Has- 
 singer, Daniel, saw-mill; Hassinger, Frederick; Herbster, David; 
 Houser, Jacob; Kern, Yost, (Joseph;) Kline, George; Kline, 
 Christopher ; Kline, Stophel ; Kricks, Jacob ; Krose, Henry ; 
 Krose, (Gross,) Henry, junior ; Krose, Daniel ; Laber, John ; 
 Lepley, Jacob ; Lewis, Thomas ; Manning, Nathan ; Mattox, 
 Jacob ; Maurer, Michael ; Maurer, Michael, junior ; Meek, An- 
 drew; Meek, Peter; Meyer, John; Meyer, John, (weaver;) 
 Meyer, Mary ; Michael, Jacob ; Mook, George ; Moon, Nathaniel ; 
 Moriarty, Francis ; Mumma, John ; Nerhood, Henry; Newcomer, 
 
1789.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 259 
 
 Peter ; Nyer, Nicholas, grist-mill ; Oatley, Edward ; Oatley, Asa ; 
 Philips, Benjamin ; Poe, Jacob ; Reger, Adam ; Reger, Elias ; 
 Reigelderfer, Adam ; Roushj Jacob ; Royer, Stephen \ Royer, Bas- 
 tian ; Sharred, Jacob ; Snyther, John ; Snyder, Peter ; Stock, 
 George ; Straub, Andrew, grist-mill and two distilleries ; Strayer, 
 Mathias; Stroub, Jacob; StuU, Mathias 3 Stump, William, distil- 
 lery ; Thomas, John ; Thomas, George ; Treminer, Paul ; Van- 
 horn, Daniel ; Walter, Jacob ; Wannemacher, Casper ; Watts, John ; 
 Weiss, Stophel, grist-mill ; Wiant, Jacob ; Woods, John ; Yost, 
 Widow ; Yomig, Matthew. Single men taxed ten shillings each : 
 Collins, Joseph ; Gift, Anthony ; Gross, John ; Hassinger, John ; 
 Hassinger, Henry ; Lewis, Stephen ; Lewis, Enos ; Manning, 
 Elisha; Manning, Nathan 3 Phillips, Benjamin; Sherrard, George; 
 Strayer, Mathias. 
 
 In March or April, the German Reformed Churches of Mahony, 
 Sunbury, Middle Creek, and Buffalo Valley, united in a call to Rev- 
 erend Jonathan Rahauser, which he accepted, and accompanied by 
 Mr. Jacob Meyer, he arrived in his new field September 22. He 
 only performed such duties as come within the province of a licen- 
 tiate until the 27th of June, 179X, when he was ordained, at Lancas- 
 ter, by the ccetus of the church. It is well to observe here, that all 
 regular ministers of the German Reformed Church in the United 
 States, although they had a coetus, or assemblage of ministers, of 
 their own, from the year 1748, were under the care, and received 
 their authority from the Church of Holland until about the year 1 79 1 . 
 Mr. Rahauser was one of the first ordained without authority from 
 Holland. His appKcation having been transmitted thither, and no 
 reply received. In October, 1 792, Mr. Rahauser removed to Hagers- 
 town, Maryland, and took charge of the congregation there. He 
 died there September 25, 181 7. He was- a very energetic and la- 
 borious pastor, and caught his last sickness, in crossing a swollen 
 creek, to fulfill one of his appointments. He was the first regular 
 German Reformed clergyman who performed stated services in our 
 Valley. He died at the early age of fifty-two. — Harbaugh's "■Fath- 
 ers:' 
 
 At May Session, Samuel- Mathers, Colonel John Clarke, John 
 Macpherson, Christian Shively, and William Moor make report that 
 they have laid out the road from the second hollow in the Big Blue 
 
2bo ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1789. 
 
 hill to Hartley's house, where Peter Kester now lives, on the road 
 from Davidson's ferry to Penn's valley. 
 
 On the 19th of October, a convention was held at Paxton, to 
 take measures for the improvement of the river. Charles Smith, 
 Anthony Selin, William Wilson, Frederick Antes, Aaron Levy, 
 Andrew Straub, and others, were delegates. They resolved to do 
 it by subscriptions, to be received in money, grain, or produce of 
 any kind. Boyd & Wilson's store, in Northumberland, Yentzer & 
 Derr, at Lewisburg, Selin & Snyder, in Penn's township, &c., 
 were designated depositaries. 
 
 Review of. manufacturers, dr^c, in Buffalo Valley, in 1 789 — Jona- 
 than Holmes, tan-yard ; John Dreisbach, gunsmith ; James Watson, 
 saw and grist-mill ; William Jenkins, grist-mill ; Christopher Wei- 
 ser, fulling-mill ; William Rockey, saw and grist-mill, formerly 
 Fought's and John Rengler's grist and saw mill ; George Wolfe, 
 saw-mill ; Benjamin Miller, merchant ; George Knox, tan-yard ; 
 George Derr, two grist and two saw -mills ; Henry Fulton, mer- 
 chant ; William & Alexander Steele, tan-yard ; Joseph Green, grist 
 and saw-mill ; Wendell Baker, saw mill ; Jacob Groshong, saw-mill ; 
 David Smith, saw and grist-mills ; Benjamin Herr, merchant ; Alex- 
 ander Beatty, tan-yard. 
 
 Distilleries in White Deer — William Gray, Philip Henning, 
 Samuel Huston, Robert Carnahan, Matthew Laird, and Robert 
 McCorley. 
 
 The old log church at Buffalo Cross-Roads was repaired and 
 somewhat enlarged in October. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 March 10, Dreisbach, Anne Eve, wife of Martin, aged sixty-seven. 
 
 In July, Lawrence Keene, prothonotary. He served in the Revo- 
 lutionary war as captain, in the eleventh Pennsylvania, commissioned 
 February 3, 1777, and as aid-de-camp to General St. Clair; pro- 
 moted major, and mustered out November 3d, 1783. His wife 
 was Gainor Lukens, a daughter of John Lukens, Surveyor General. 
 He left three children, Samuel L., who died in Philadelphia, May 
 II, 1866; Lawrence, who married Maria Martin, daughter of the 
 celebrated Luther Martin, and died August 13, 1S13 ; and Jesse L. 
 Keene, who died November 27, 1822. 
 
1789. J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 261 
 
 David McClenachan, of White Deer. 
 
 Adam Smith, of Buffalo, whose children were Adam, Mary, 
 George, Catherine and Barbara. 
 
 Major General James Potter died in the latter part of November 
 or beginning of December. James Potter, junior's, letter to Chief 
 Justice McKean is dated Penn's valley, December 10, 1789, in 
 which he states, "doubtless before you receive this, you will have 
 heard of the death of my father. — Pennsylvania Archives, volume 
 11, page 661. 
 
 He was assisting in building the chimney of one of his tenant 
 houses, in Penn's valley, and, in turning about suddenly, injured 
 himself internally. He went to Franklin county, to have the benefit 
 of Doctor McClelland's advice, and died at his daughter's, Mrs. 
 Poe, and is buried in a grave-yard at Brown's Mills, near the present 
 railroad station of Marion, in that county, with no tablet to mark his 
 grave. He was a son of John Potter, the first sheriff of Cumber- 
 land county, and in January, 1758, was a lieutenant, with William 
 Blythe, in Colonel John Armstrong's battalion. He next appears 
 in command of a company in pursuit of the Indians, who had mur- 
 dered, that morning, July 26, 1764, a schoolmaster, named Brown, 
 and ten children, near where the town of Greencastle now stands. 
 
 He married a Miss Cathcart, sister of Mrs. George Latimer, of 
 Philadelphia, who died, leaving a son and daughter. He then 
 married Mrs. Chambers, sister of Captain William Patterson. He 
 resided principally on the Ard farm, in White Deer township, just 
 above New Columbia, though, no doubt, he changed his residence on 
 account of the Indian troubles. One year, 1781, he resided in the 
 Middle Creek settlement, now Snyder county, as the assessments 
 show, and family tradition has it, his eldest son, John Potter, died 
 there. In 1786, Pickering visited him at the Ard farm, and in 1787, 
 Mrs. Gregg, his daughter, was married there. 
 
 In personnel he was short and stout, with a hopeful disposition, 
 which no troubles could conquer. In a letter, dated May 28, 1781, 
 he says, " look where you will, our unfortunate country is disturbed, 
 but the time will come when we shall get rid of all these troubles. 
 
 His eldest daughter married Captain James Poe. Mary married 
 George Riddles, who died March 14, 1796, and is buried at North- 
 umberland, in the Presbyterian church-yard. Their daughter, Mary 
 
2(32 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1789. 
 
 A., married W. H. Patterson ; Eliza, Doctor Joseph B. Ard, whose 
 heirs still own the old place in White Deer ; Martha, married Mr. 
 Gregg. 
 
 General Potter's son James married Mary Brown, daughter of 
 Judge Brown, of Mififlin county. Of their children: i, General 
 James Potter, (third,) married Maria, daughter of General William 
 Wilson, of Chillisquaque ; 2, William Potter, Esquire, late of Belle- 
 fonte, attorney-at-law ; 3, Mary P., married Doctor W. I. Wilson, 
 of Potter's Mills; 4, John Potter; 5, Martha G., married to Abra- 
 ham Valentine; 6, Peggy Crouch, married Doctor Charles Coburn, 
 of Aaronsburg ; 7, George L. Potter, Esquire, who practiced awhile 
 at Danville, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Andrew G. Curtin, who is a daugh- 
 ter of Doctor W. I. Wilson, of Potter's Mills, is a great-grand- 
 daughter of the revolutionary general, and the Governor is a great- 
 grandson, on the Gregg line of descent. 
 
 John Lukens, Surveyor General of the State, died in October, 
 and was succeeded by Colonel Daniel Brodhead, on the 3d of No- 
 vember. John Lukens' estate, at this date, (1877,) is still before 
 an auditor for distribution. Charles Lukens Barnes, an heir, lived 
 and died in Lewisburg, making his living sawing wood, while wait- 
 ing for his share of this veritable Jarndyce vs. Jarndyce. 
 
h- 
 
 790 
 
 Officials- Survey of the Susquehanna for Inland Navigation — New 
 Constitution, and Elections under it. 
 
 HE following is a list of the county representatives and 
 officials during the year, under the Constitution of 1776, 
 which was superseded by the Constitution adopted Sep- 
 tember 2, 1790: William Wilson, Councilor; Samuel 
 Maclay and John White, members of Assembly; William Mont- 
 gomery, Presiding Justice ; Jasper Ewing, Prothonotary ; Martin 
 Withington, Sheriff; Peter Hosterman, John Weitzel, and William 
 Hepburn, County Commissioners. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo : Constable, C. Baldy ; Supervisors, George 
 May and Alexander McCaley ; Overseers, Peter Zeller and John 
 Macpherson. 
 
 Of White Deer : Constable, Robert Fruit ; Supervisors, Joseph 
 Poak and Alexander Stephens ; Overseers, William Clark and 
 Robert Martin. 
 
 Additional Taxables in Bit-ffalo — Betzer, William ; Boveard, Wil- 
 liam; Cress, Conrad ; Carroll, William; Campbell, John; Cald- 
 well, William; Depuy, Hugh; Dunlap, William; Hempstead, 
 Joshua ; Jones, Benjamin ; Lourey, Samuel ; McDaniel, Daniel ; 
 Oatley, Isaiah ; Porter, Samuel ; Shreiner, Nicholas ; Sherer, Joseph ; 
 Wilson, John ; Clarke, Joseph ; Mann, Philip : Wilson, Hugh, 
 (father of Francis.) ~~~ 
 
 Additional Taxables in Fenn's — Evans, Frederick ; Metterling, 
 Baltzer ; Reiber, John ; Stees, Frederick ; Snyder, John S. ; Wei- 
 rick, Peter; Zerber, Peter; Snyder, Simon, (son of Henry.) 
 
 263 
 
2b4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1790. 
 
 At February Sessions of the quarter sessions of Northumberland 
 county, the name of Potter township (now in Centre) was changed 
 to that of '^ Haines." In May, Josiah Haines and John Thorn- 
 burg started a store in Lewisburg. Prices of grain at Philadelphia, 
 in July, were, wheat, 9^. dd. ; rye, 6x. ; oats, 3^-. 5^. ; Indian corn, 
 2yS. gd. ; buckwheat, at 2s. 
 
 Survey of the Susquehanna. 
 
 On the 6th of April, Timothy Matlack, John Adlum, and Samuel 
 Maclay were appointed commissioners to survey and examine the 
 Swatara, part of the Susquehanna, Sinnemahoning creek, and the 
 Allegheny river, with a view to the promotion of inland navigation. 
 The commissioners started in May, and were engaged most of the 
 summer in their work. Mr. Maclay's journal of this expedition is 
 in the possession of his grandson. Doctor Samuel Maclay, of Mifflin 
 county. 
 
 On the 26th of April he started with James McLaughlin's boat, 
 him, Edward Sweney, and Mathew Gray taken into pay. They 
 went first down to the Swatara, which, it appears they were to exam- 
 ine, to see whether it could be made navigable ; got to Herrold's on 
 the 27th, where breakfast and a quart of whiskey cost him 5^-. 2d. ; 
 then to Harrisburg and Lebanon. The commissioners, however, 
 for some reason, failed to meet him. He, with the rest of the com- 
 missioners, came up on the 17th of May, and at Herrold's one of Er- 
 win's boats came up, and they raced from that to Sunbury, McLaugh- 
 lin's boat coming out ahead. From there they came up to the point 
 at Northumberland, and dined with Colonel Wilson. Mr. Maclay 
 then went over to visit his family, in Buffalo Valley. May 19, he 
 says : Colonel Matlack detained the boat at Northumberland, to 
 carry Josiah Haines' goods up to Derrstown, where he and one 
 Thornburg are erecting a new store. The boat then came up to T. 
 Rees', where Mr. Maclay wanted some things landed. At Derrs- 
 town they met with Captain Lowdon, who told Matlack that Rees 
 had sent for Mr. Maclay, but Matlack would not wait. So he had to 
 shoulder his baggage and follow on foot. He trudged through the 
 rain and bad roads, up to James McLaughlin's, opposite the mouth 
 of Warrior run, where he arrived at ten o'clock, and found the boat 
 landed. 
 
1790.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 263 
 
 Major Adlum was detained at Northumberland until the 23d, 
 when he joined them at Loyal Sock. He speaks of leveling the race- 
 ground at Wallis's Island, (near Muncy, I suppose.) 
 
 Sunday, 23d, they reached the nciouth of Bald Eagle, at sunset, and 
 stayed there on Monday, baking bread and providing horses. There 
 they breakfasted with Mrs. Dunn. They leveled the Sinnemahon- 
 ing, and also made canoes there. From "canoe place" Mr. Adlum 
 and part of the men started and run a line to the Allegheny. The 
 object of the expedition was to determine what method of commu- 
 nication the country would admit of, between the eastern and west- 
 ern parts of the State. He speaks of catching beaver, and of the 
 large wolves that frequently crossed their track, in a very indifferent 
 manner. On the 14th, he surveyed the West Branch of the Sinne- 
 mahoning, and got a little above Boyd's whetstone quarry. 15 th, 
 got to Bennett's cabin, three quarters of a mile above the forks. 
 July 2d, they reached the Ohio, and went down it, having an In- 
 dian, named Doctor Thomas, for guide. At the State line, Con-ne- 
 Shangom, the chief, had gone to Venango, but Captain John makes 
 them a speech of welcome, which he inserts in full in the journal. 
 Near this place Mr. Maclay met a Dutchman, who had been taken 
 prisoner by the Indians in the last war, and chose to continue with 
 them, and was living among them. July 7th, they had an interview 
 with Cornplanter, at Jenoshawdego. 
 
 The Indians were very jealous of them, until they explained their 
 business. Cornplanter then welcomed them in a speech, which 
 Mr. Maclay inserts. He says, we were addressed by an orator, on 
 behalf of the women. The principal points were, that as they, 
 the women, had the hardest part of the labor of making a living, 
 they had a right to speak, and be heard. They welcomed them, 
 because, they were the pioneers of the good roads that were to come, 
 and make intercourse easy and merchandise cheaper, and they hoped 
 good correspondence would make them all one people in the future. 
 Colonel Matlack responded to this speech. They then went down 
 to Captain John O. Beales' town, and "had the honor of his com- 
 pany for supper." July 14, they struck the old French road to 
 Erie. He says the ruts were quite plain yet. He says. Lake Erie 
 is a fresh water sea. "You can see the horizon and water meet." 
 They arrived at Fort Franklin, on the 20th. The commanding offi- 
 
266 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1790. 
 
 cer, Lieutenant Jeffries, was very polite to them. He speaks of kill- 
 ing a cat-fish with Mr. Adlum's Jacob staff, which weighed ten and 
 one half pounds. 
 
 2d of September, the new constitution was adopted by a conven- 
 tion, convened at Philadelphia, 24th November, 1789. Simon Sny- 
 der and Charles Smith,' Esquire, were the delegates from Northum- 
 berland county. 
 
 The first election under the new constitution took place on the 
 12 th of October. In Northumberland county, for Governor, 
 Thomas Mifflin received 865 votes, to 68 cast for General Arthur 
 St. Clair. William Montgomery, elected State Senator without op- 
 position, having 1,029 votes. Samuel Maclay and John White were 
 elected members of Assembly, over Samuel Wallis and Alexander 
 Hunter; Martin Withington^ sheriff, over Charles Gobin, John 
 Boyd, and Flavel Roan ; Joseph Lorentz, coroner ; and Daniel 
 Montgomery, county commissioner. John Simpson was re-ap- 
 pointed register and recorder. 
 
 It having been decided that the powers of the House of Assembly 
 and State officers were superseded by the constitution, on the 2d 
 of September, the house in a paper filed, September 4, declined 
 acting longer. On the 20th of December, the Executive Council 
 ceased acting, and on the 21st, Governor Mifflin was inaugurated. 
 
 February 17, by Reverend Hugh Morrison, Hugh Wilson married 
 to Catherine, daughter of Captain William Irvine. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 George Troxell, of Lewisburg. 
 . Christopher Haney, of Haines township. He was a private in 
 Captain Clarke's company, in 1776. His children were Hieroni- 
 mus, Christopher, Adam, John, Eve, Elizabeth, and Frederick. 
 John Black, of Sunbury, (brother of James, of Lewisburg.) 
 Ulrich Lotz. His children were John Jacob, Anna Maria, and 
 Catherine. In his will he recommends his children to adhere strictly 
 
 1 Charles Smith was the third son of Doctor William Smith, Provost of the Col- 
 lege at Philadelphia. He was admitted to the Sunbury bar, in 1786, and married, 
 in 1791, to a daughter of Jasper Yeates, Esquire. He was the compiler of Smith's 
 laws, and afterwards president judge of the Cumberland and Franklin distrl(>t. 
 He died in Philadelphia, in 1840, aged seventy-five. 
 
1790.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 267 
 
 to the advice which Tobias, in fourth chapter, gives, "Keep God 
 before your eyes," &c. 
 
 Peter Burns, senior, of Buffalo. 
 
 Jonas Fought. Children : Michael, Barbara, Ann Elizabeth. 
 
 John Wierbach, (who lived upon the place next above Weiden- 
 saul's mill, in Hartley now.) He left a widow, Catherine, who died 
 in 1804, of cancer. Sons: John, Nicholas. One daughter, married 
 to Frederick Wise, who moved to Brush valley, Centre county. One 
 married to John Hoover, and moved to Clearfield, and one married 
 Philip Dale. One of his daughters was taken by the Indians. (See 
 1781.) 
 
 Charles Grogan, of Buffalo, was returning home, from a wood- 
 chopping, with a yoke of oxen, one cold night this wint-er, and, 
 becoming bewildered, was frozen to death. He left a widow, sister 
 of James Burney, and two sons, Alexander and James, and two 
 daughters. His widow, after some years, married Henry Van Gun- 
 dy, and removed to now Chnton county. James and Alexander 
 Grugan, as they now write their names, became the heads of quite 
 large families. Grugan township derives its name from this family. 
 Honorable Coleman Grugan, late associate judge of Clinton county, 
 is a grandson of Charles Grogan. — Maynard's Clinton County, page 
 
 153- 
 
h- 
 
 1791 
 
 List of State and County Officials — Additional Taxables — Death of 
 Doctor William Plunket — Mrs. Samuel Maclay's Family Lineage. 
 
 lOVERNOR, Thomas Mifflin. Judges of the Supreme 
 Court, Thomas McKean, Edward Shippen, Jasper Yeates. 
 Attorney General, Jared Ingersoll. State Treasurer, 
 Christian Febiger. Receiver General, Francis Johnston. 
 Secretary of the Land Office, David Kennedy. Surveyor General, 
 Daniel Brodhead. Secretary of the Commonwealth, A, J. Dallas. 
 Deputy Secretary, James Trimble. The Judges of the several Courts 
 were, Jacob Rush, President ; William Montgomery, Joseph Wallis, 
 Thomas Strawbridge, and John Macpherson, Associates, commis- 
 sioned August 17. Jasper Ewing, Esquire, Prothonotary, August 1 7. 
 Member of Congress, Andrew Gregg, representing Bedford, North- 
 umberland, Huntingdon, Franklin, and Mifflin. Senator, William 
 Montgomery. Members of Assembly, Samuel Maclay and John 
 White. 
 
 September 3, Flavel Roan was commissioned a Notary Public ; he 
 was sole notary in the county until his death ; John Teitsworth suc- 
 ceeded him, April 2 0, 1815 ; Flavel Roan was commissioned Sheriff, 
 October 18; William Hepburn, John Weitzel, and Daniel Mont- 
 gomery were County Commissioners ; Bernard Hubley, Lieutenant 
 of the county ; Justices of the Peace commissioned. Colonel Kelly, 
 August 31 ; Simon Snyder, October 26 ; William Irwin, August 31 ; 
 Captain Wiljiam Gray, December 30 ; for Penn's and Beaver Dam, 
 John Bishop, August 31. 
 
 Frederick^Evans was Deputy Surveyor of Peters, in Mifflin county, 
 Haines, Beaver Dam, Penn's, and that part of Buffalo south of the 
 
 268 
 
1791.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. zbg 
 
 _ 
 
 Indian purchase of 1754; Christopher Bering appointed Collector 
 of Excise, September i. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo : Constable, Henry Pontius ; Supervisors, John 
 Crider and Peter Kester ; Overseers, John Reznor and William 
 Irwin. 
 
 White Deer : Constable, John Bear \ Supervisors, Richard Fruit 
 and Thomas Hutchinson ; Overseers, Robert McCorley and John 
 Steel. 
 
 Martin Withington opened hotel in Mifflinburg. 
 
 Additional residents in Lewisburg — Black, James, (ferry;) Ellen- 
 huysen, Joseph; Lewis, Alexander; Metzgar, Jacob, innkeeper; 
 Moore, John, blacksmith; Poak, William; Stroh, Nicholas. 
 
 27th May, Andrew Kennedy, senior, commenced the publication 
 of the Sunbury and Northumberland Gazette, at Northumberland. 
 This paper was extensively circulated in the Valley, and continued 
 up to 1813. 
 
 Among those assessed in Buffalo township — Barnhart, George ; 
 Barnhart, Henry ; Black, William ; Book, George ; Bower, Casper ; 
 Bower, George ; Caldwell, Thomas ; Cox, Tunis ; Frantz, Lewis ; 
 Fox, Andrew; Gettig, Frederick; Getz, Peter; Getz, Andrew; 
 Gibbons, Edward; Glover, John; Gooden, Moses; Graff, (Grove,) 
 Philip; Grimes, Samuel; Hixon, John ; Hudson, George; Kelly, 
 Hugh; Kemmerling, Jacob ; Leitzell, Anthony; Lowry, Andrew 
 Lowry, John; Lowry, Robert; Lowry, William; McElrath, Robert 
 McMurtrie, Hugh; Meizner, Adam; Metzgar, John ; Patton, John 
 Richard, Henry, (name which disappears from the assessment after 
 1784, re-appears again with the supplement "■ thief," which is carried 
 all through the assessments afterwards;) Rees, Daniel; Roan, Fla- 
 vel; Sarvey, Jacob; Struble, Adam; Thornburg, John; Thomp- 
 son, John, erects a mill to be driven by the water from Thomp- 
 son's spring; Van Gundy, Christian; Van Gundy, Henry; Van 
 Gundy, John; Weeker, William; Wilson, Hugh; Yentzer, Chris- 
 tian ; Zimmerman, Christian ; Zimmerman, Jacob. 
 
 4th August, 1 79 1, Christopher Baldy, William Irwin, and Chris- 
 tian Yentzer, assessors. Robert Barber erects a saw-niill at White 
 springs. 
 
 Penn's — Adam, Widow ; Berry, Jacob; Bishop, Jatob; Grove, 
 Adam; Goy, Frederick, distillery; Gwynn, Hugh; Heimbach, 
 
270 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1791. 
 
 Peter ; Housel, Peter ; Oberdorf, Andrew, grist and saw-mill to 
 Anthony Selin ; Snyder, John, tan-yard ; Stees., Frederick, grist, 
 saw, and oil-mill ; Thornton, John ; Witmer, Peter, distillery, ferry, 
 and saw-mill. 
 
 Beaver — Bopp, Conrad, hemp-mill ; Collins, David ; Edmmison, 
 Wilham ; Hassinger, Jacob, tan-yard; Johnston, John and James; 
 Myer, Henry, grist and saw-mill ; Myer, Jacob, tan-yard ; Knepp, 
 George ; Sherrard, Jacob, grist and saw-mill ; Wise, John, grist and 
 saw-mill. 
 
 Buffalo Gross-Roads Church. 
 
 In October we find the pews in the Presbyterian Church at Buf- 
 falo Cross-Roads rated and rented for the first time. There were 
 thirty-six pews or seats. No. i, probably reserved for the minister's 
 family; No. 2, rated at ^£'3 ^s., taken by David Watson, Colonel 
 John Clarke, Alexander Kennedy, and Joseph Clark; No. 3, 
 Thomas Forster, Andrew Forster, Robert Forster and Robert Cham- 
 bers; No. 4, ;^3, Christopher Johnston; No. 5, Captain James 
 Thompson, William Thompson, Samuel Porter, and Jarnes Boyd; 
 No. 6, jQ2 i$s., Arthur Clellan; No. 7, Robert Clark, Richard 
 Sherer, and Joseph Allen ; No. 8, Samuel Dale, Esquire, and Joseph 
 Evans; No. 9, John-Reznor and David Tate; No. 10, Samuel Mac- 
 lay, (this seat he retained until his death, in 181 1;) No. 11, John 
 Steel, Joseph Hudson, and William Steele; No. 12, Joseph Green, 
 ^i 9J-. 6d. ; No. 13, James Irwin and Matthew Irwin ; No. 14, Wil- 
 liam Irwin, Esquire, ^2 ; No. 15, John Thompson; No. 16, Benja- 
 min Miller; No. 17, John Ray, William and Thomas Black; No. 
 17, Roan McClure ; No. 1,8, Mr. Lincoln; No. 19, George Knox; 
 No. 20, Walter Clark; No. 21, William Irvine; No. 22, Jonathan 
 Holmes and Joseph Sherer; No. 23, James Poak, William Poak, 
 Widow Poak, and Thomas Poak; No. 24, Edward Graham and John 
 Davis; No. 25, William Wilson and James Black; No. 26, vacant; 
 No. 27, John Linn, John Gray, and Joseph Patterson; No. 28, 
 Robert Fruit and Gideon Smith ; No. 29, William Gray and Thomas 
 Howard; No. 30, William Clark, James Forster, and Widow Fors- 
 ter; No. 31, Thomas Elder, David Buchanan, and Robert Elder; 
 No. 32, Charles Pollock, Thomas Hutchinson, and William Wil- 
 liams; No. 2>2>' Colonel John Kelly and Captain Joseph Poak; No* 
 
1791.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 271 
 
 34, Samuel Demming, James Moore, (Widow Moore,) George 
 Moore, Widow Fleming, Thomas Rodman, Jame^ Meginness ; No. 
 
 35, Adam Laughlin, Widow McGradyand James Clelland; No. ^^6, 
 Matthew Laird and Andrew McClenachan. 
 
 With the meeting of Congress, at Philadelphia, on the 14th of 
 October, we note the division of the people into two great parties, 
 the Federalists and Democrats, the funding of the public debt, char- 
 tering the United States Bank, and other measures, inflaming the 
 States Rights or Democratic party so much that, at this session, they, 
 for the first time, appeared in open and organized opposition to the 
 administration. — George Read's Life, page 536. 
 
 Noi'ice of William- Plunket, 
 
 William Plunket, the first presiding justice of Northumberland 
 county, died in the spring of this year. He resided, as early as 
 1772, a little above Chillisquaque creek, at his place called "Sol- 
 diers' Retreat," now owned by Mr. Solomon Walters. He was the 
 father of Mrs. Samuel Maclay, whose lineage is traceable to John 
 Harris, senior, whose grave is yet to be seen on the bank of the river 
 at Harrisburg, in front of the residence of General Simon Cameron_ 
 Near it are the remains of the mulberry to which he was tied by the 
 Indians, to be burned. I will only add to the story, that it was his 
 negro slave, Hercules, who crossed the river, and brought the neigh- 
 boring Indians to his rescue, while the drunken Indians were about 
 applying the fire to him. For this he gave Hercules his freedom, 
 and directed his burial on the same spot. John Harris, senior, died 
 in 1748. His wife, Esther Say, was a lady of rare endowments, 
 who came from England, in the family of Judge Shippen. Among 
 their children were John, the proprietor of Harrisburg ; Samuel, who 
 settled at the outlet of Cayuga lake, New York, and a daughter, who 
 married Doctor William Plunket. 
 
 Doctor Plunket, at the time of his marriage, resided at Carlisle, Penn- 
 sylvania, and his daughters, four in number, were born there. His 
 wife dying, he remained a widower, which fact gave rise to Meginness' 
 mistake in stating that he was a bachelor. His daughters were Eliz- 
 abeth, born in 1755, married to Samuel Maclay ; Isabella, born Jan- 
 uary, 1760, married to William Bell, Esquire, of Elizabethtown, New 
 
2y2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1791. 
 
 Jersey ; Margaret, married to Isaac Richardson, removed to Wayne 
 county, New York, then known as the (jenesee country. She left 
 four sons and two daughters. Israel J., in Delaware, Ohio, and 
 David H., of Monroe county, New York, of her sons are still living. 
 Hester Plunket, the youngest, married Colonel Robert Baxter, of the 
 British army, and died about a year after her marriage. Her daugh- 
 ter, Margaret, married Doctor Samuel Maclay, of Mifilin county. 
 John Harris' wife, Elizabeth McClure, said to have been the most 
 lovely woman of her day, died young, from fright and grief, at the 
 report, brought her by a neighbor, of her husband's death. He saw 
 a man shot, and fall off his horse, in attempting to swim the river, 
 and supposed it was Mr. Harris. It proved to be a young physician, 
 whom Mr. Harris had taken up behind him (25th October, 1755.) 
 Her daughter, Mary Harris, who inherited much of her mother's 
 beauty, married Senator William Maclay. A miniature likeness of 
 her is now in the possession of her granddaughter, Mrs. Eleanor M. 
 Brinton, of West Chester, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Samuel Maclay and 
 Mrs. William Maclay were cousins, and married brothers. 
 
 The late William C. Plunket, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, was a 
 nephew of Doctor Plunket. A brother of Doctor Plunket came to 
 this country, bringing with him a daughter, Margaret, who married 
 Samuel Simmons, of Pine creek. His name was Robert. Another 
 brother, David Plunket, settled at Baltimore, and was lost at sea on a 
 voyage to the West Indies. Doctor Plunket served in the French war 
 as a lieutenant, and secured for his services six hundred acres of land, 
 part now owned by Judge Dreisbach. He owned large bodies of 
 land, and was one of the leaders in the Pennamite war. He lived 
 afterward and died in the ofHce owned by Ebenezer Greenough, and 
 lately occupied by David Rockefeller, Esquire, at Sunbury. His 
 will is dated January 3, 1791, and proved May 25, 1791, in which 
 he mentions his granddaughter, Margaret Baxter, one of the most 
 beautiful and accomplished ladies of the State, who died at Mil- 
 roy, Mifflin county, July 6, 1863. 
 
 The three sisters, Mrs. Maclay, Mrs. Bell, and Mrs. Richardson, 
 survived to a good old age, and resided together, in Mifflin county. 
 Mrs. Maclay was a Presbyterian, Mrs. Bell an Episcopahan, and Mrs. 
 Richardson a Quaker. They were all three remarkable ladies. Mrs. 
 Bell was a very handsome and highly polished woman. She had a 
 
1792.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2jj 
 
 boarding-school at Albany, New York^ where Mrs. Catherine Sedg- 
 wick, and many of the celebrated ladies of the time, received their 
 education. 
 
 1>IQ)Q,. 
 
 East and West Buffalo Townships Erected — Miffltnbueg and New 
 Berlin Laid out — Notice of Reverend J. Gr. Phreemer — Simon Sny- 
 der's Dam Controversv — Death of Captain Anthony Selin and M. J. 
 Ellenkhusen. 
 
 jEMBERS of Assembly, Samuel Dale and John White. 
 January 13, General William Wilson appointed Asso- 
 ciate Judge, vice Joseph Wallis, resigned. February 23, 
 Samuel Maclay appointed Associate, also. Flavel Roan. 
 Sheriff. John Weitzel, Daniel Montgomery, and Robert Fleming, 
 County Commissioners. i8th January, Joseph J. Wallis appointed 
 Deputy Surveyor of Charles Lukens' and William Scull's district, 
 (both of whom are deceased,) and of that part of William Maclay's 
 district north of Penn's creek, and of Upper Bald Eagle, in Mifflin 
 county. 
 
 Officers of Buffalo — Constable, C. Baldy; Supervisors, Adam 
 Christ and John Sierer ; Overseers, William Irvine and Henry Dreis- 
 bach ; Fence Viewers, Philip Voneida and George Frederick ; Col- 
 lector, Christian Yentzer; November 29, Robert Barber commis- 
 sioned Justice of the Peace for Buffalo ; School-teachers in Buffalo, 
 Alexander Templeton and George Paget. The latter taught many 
 years at a school-house near Michael Grove's, the former in New 
 Berlin. 
 
 Officers of White Deer — Constable, William Robb ; Supervisors, 
 Andrew McClenachan and John Gray ; Overseers, Robert Finney 
 and Robert Clark. 
 18 
 
2J4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1792. 
 
 Additional Taxables of White Deer — Charles Nogel, Gideon 
 Smith. 
 
 Easi and West Buffalo Townships Erected. 
 
 At January Sessions, William Irwin, Samuel Dale, John Thomp- 
 son, Christopher Baldy, Benjamin Miller, and Henry Pontius were 
 appointed viewers to divide Buffalo township. They commenced 
 the line at two gum saplings, on the south bank of Spruce run, at 
 the line of White Deer and Buffalo, a little west of Daniel Rengler's 
 old saw-mill, (Applegate's ;) thence south to the head of the 
 spring at Andrew Pontius' ; thence down Switzer run to its mouth, 
 at Penn's creek, (Philip Seebold's,) and the townships were called 
 East and West Buffalo.^ The first officers of this township were, 
 Robert Forster, constable ; John Reznor and Thomas Forster, over- 
 seers ; Ehas Younkman, supervisor ; Andrew Forster and Robert 
 Chambers, fence viewers. 
 
 At January Sessions, the road from Brush valley, by way of French 
 Jacob's old mill, (now Heberling's,) to James Irwin's, was laid out. 
 George Langs, Henry Dreisbach, Matthew Irwin, were of the 
 viewers. It commenced at a black oak, near the gap of Buffalo 
 mountain, by way of said mill to a corner of Wendell Baker's field, 
 where it intersected "the meeting-house road." Distance, six miles 
 fourteen perches, (now road by way of Cowan.) 
 
 Improvements of this year — Wendell Baker's saw-mill, (at Cowan;) 
 Alexander Beatty's tan-yard, at New Berlin ; Christopher Weiser's 
 fulling-mill, on Turtle creek, now Peter Wolfe's. 
 
 Lower ferry, at Lewisburg, kept by James Black. 
 
 At November Sessions, the road from Wolfe's tavern (afterwards 
 Lyon's, on the Cumberland road, leading to Sunbury) to Jenkins' 
 mill, thence to Derr's town, at the south end of Second street, 
 along Second to Market, to Front, by way of St. John's, to the mouth 
 of Buffalo creek, laid out. Mifflinburg, laid out by Elias Younk- 
 man, in the summer of this year; and New Berlin, laid out by 
 George Long, Frederick Evans, surveyor. The dates of the first 
 deeds for lots in these places I can find on record are 30th Novem- 
 
 1 East Buffalo always went by the name of Buffalo among the people ; is so called 
 In deeds and elsewhere, except on the assessment books, until the erection of the 
 present Buffalo. 
 
1792.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2js 
 
 ber, 1792, lot No. 55, in Mifflinburg ; i8th January, 1793, George 
 Long to Adam Snyder, for No. 53, in New Berlin. 
 
 John Hager built one of the first dams on Penn's creek, about 
 one half mile below App's present mill, according to William Gill's 
 recollection. 
 
 Samuel Dale, Esquire, moved from where New Columbia now 
 stands to his place, now in Kelly, owned by his grandchildren. 
 
 Reverend John G. Phreemer. 
 
 The Reverend John G. Phreemer, who was connected with the 
 religious movement -which resulted, at length, . in the sect of the 
 United Brethren in Christ, and sometimes professing to be a min- 
 ister of the German Reformed Church, made frequent and extensive 
 tours through middle Pennsylvania. The aged Mrs. Fulmer says 
 that about this year, 1792, Andrew Straub and Michael Weyland 
 used to push their canoe, containing their families and others, across 
 the river, where Milton now is, in order to worship under a tree on 
 the opposite side. The tree stood at Hoffman's, (1854,) a short 
 distance above the bridge. On such occasions, the preaching and 
 service . were conducted by Mr. Phreemer, and afterwards by Mr. 
 Phreemer and Deitrick Aurand. Mrs. Fulmer often crossed herself 
 to attend worship under this tree. Phreemer leute, or " Phreemer 
 people," was a common expression in Buffalo Valley at an early day. 
 He was very fanatical. A very pious old man once told me he had 
 the people act the fool by his preaching. He is said once to have 
 remarked that he could preach the Devil out of hell. Abraham 
 Brown said he saw him in Ohio, in 181 4, where Phreemer was on a 
 visit. He was then residing in Kentucky, and associate judge of 
 the court there. He died at his home in Harrison county, Indiana, 
 in 1825. — HarbaugK s Fathers. 
 
 Sel'm and Snyder's Mill- Dam. 
 
 On the 28th of December, a petition was presented to the Senate 
 on the part of Simon Snyder and Anthony Selin's heirs, to enable 
 them to maintain a dam across Penn's creek of the height of two 
 and one half feet. This aroused the settlers along the creek and 
 
2y6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1792. 
 
 produced a remonstrance, read in the Senate, March 4, 1793, which 
 is interesting from some statements it contains. It states ' ' that Simon 
 Snyder, and Anthony Selin, before his death, erected a dam across 
 the main current of Penn's creek ; that there were no less than ten 
 mills within nine miles of Snyder's, some of which grind the year 
 round unobstructed by ice, and they subjoin a list of the mills, with 
 their distances from Snyder's : Lauterslager's and Pickle's, within 
 three miles; Moore's, three miles and a half; Shock's, four miles; 
 Rush's, five miles ; Hickadron's, six ; Maclay's, seven miles. Swine- 
 ford's, ditto; Weitzel's, eight; and Frederick Stees', nine miles. 
 This being the case, we consider it highly injurious to stop the 
 whole navigation of Penn's creek, in order to promote the indi- 
 vidual interest of Simon Snyder, Esquire," &c. This petition is 
 signed by James Beatty, George Long, Christian Miller, Alexander 
 Beatty, Samuel Templeton, William Fisher, Benjamin Griffith, Rob- 
 ert Tait, David Tate, Robert Barber, Thomas Barber, John Green, 
 Paskel Lewis, John McMullen, James Davis, Peter Kester, Wilham 
 Douglass, Adam Laughlin, John Glover, John Thompson, junior 
 and senior, David Burd, Alexander Connel, Andrew Lovvery, Joseph 
 Green, Ludwig Schmidt, James McKelvey, Martin Trester, &c. 
 
 Notwithstanding this remonstrance, the Legislature, April 10, 
 1793, passed an act authorizing the dam. [See Dallas' Laws, vol- 
 ume 3, page 364.] 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Alexander McGrady, died in May. His children were Alexan- 
 der, William, Agnes, wife of Eli Holeman, Jane, wife of James 
 Johnston. 
 
 Samuel Barber, who lived at the mouth of Switzer run, was killed 
 by the falling timber of an old barn he was taking down. One of 
 his daughters married William McConnell, the other Swinehart. 
 His widow, Martha, lived on the old place (now owned by Philip 
 Seebold) as late as 181 2. 
 
 Captain Anthony Selin, founder of Selinsgrove. He was com- 
 missioned by Congress, December 10, 1776, captain in Ottendorff's 
 corps, afterwards attached to Armand's legion, and was still in service 
 in ] 780, at Wyoming. His children were Anthony, Charles, and 
 Agnes. His wife was a sister of Governor Snyder, and Selin pur- 
 
1792.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2-j-j 
 
 chased the ground on which the town now is, at the death of his 
 brother-in-law, John Snyder. Finding Snyder's plot would not fit, 
 he re-surveyed the ground, laid it out anew, and named it. His 
 son, Anthony Charles, was a major in the war of 1812. The widow 
 of the latter, Mrs. Catherine Selin, died at the residence of her son- 
 in-law, Robert Swineford, in Selinsgrove, November 3, 1868, aged 
 eighty-two, the last of the family name in the United States. 
 
 George Hudson, of White Deer. 
 
 James Fleming, of Buffalo. He left his property to his wife's 
 children, Samuel, Jane, and Benjamin Rodman. 
 
 Abel Rees died, (at Strohecker's now.) 
 
 James Thom, of West Buffalo. His children were Robert, 
 Arthur, Annie, married to John Boude, Sarah E., married to James 
 Robb, Elizabeth, and Mary. 
 
 At Lewisburg, July 17, 1792, Mathias Joseph Ellenkhusen. He 
 came to Lewisburg in 1790, was the son of Carl Ellenkhusen, who 
 had purchased the principal part of the town, and was sent over by 
 his father from Amsterdam, Holland, to look after his interests, or 
 to found a family in the western world. The principal notice we 
 have of the son and his wife are from the recollections of Mrs. Mary 
 Brady Piatt, taken down by O. N. Worden, Esquire. Mrs. Ellenk- 
 husen was short in stature, considerably pock-marked, very lady- 
 hke in manner, spoke the Low Dutch language, and astonished the 
 people by her elegance and passionate fondness for skating. She and 
 Mr. Ellenkhusen took that method of visiting the different towns on 
 the river. She married John Thornburg, who also soon died. She 
 afterward married Mr. Moore, and removed to Erie, Pennsylvania. 
 Ellenkhusen was a man of very genteel address, and fond of soci- 
 ety. His father had given him the town site, and a good outfit of 
 clothing and money, hoping, no doubt, he would build up a fortune ; 
 but emigration suddenly declined, and the convivial habits he had 
 acquired, probably before leaving Europe, shortened his days. Per- 
 sonally, he was much esteemed. He was quite an artist, and often 
 drew with pencil striking likenesses of his companions. Sheriff John 
 Brady was a joker. He had found a cannon near Muddy run, and 
 he told Ellenkhusen that he would present it to him if he would take 
 care of it. On cleaning out the mud which covered the muzzle, two 
 large black snakes came out, greatly to the horror of Mr. Ellenk- 
 
2JS 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, 
 
 [1793. 
 
 husen. He told Brady the circumstance afterward. " Why," said 
 Brady, '-they were my i)ets ; I would not have lost them for a 
 ;^ioo," and Ellenkhusen, no doubt, died in the belief that he had 
 let loose some play-fellows of Brady's. P211enkhusen and Thorn- 
 burg were both buried beneath what is now the vestibule of the 
 Presbyterian church. The annalist recollects well the wild cherry 
 tree that stood near, and the brick wall inclosing these graves. The 
 tombstone of Ellenkhusen was preserved by the late James F. Linn, 
 Esquire, and is in the cellar of the church. Its inscription is : 
 "Here lie the body of Mathias Joseph Ellenkhusen, who departed 
 this Hfe July 17, 1792, age thirty-eight years and three months." 
 
 " Since it is so we all must die, 
 And death no one doth spare ; 
 So let us all to Jesus fly, 
 And seek for refuse there." 
 
 >T 
 
 1793 
 
 Additional Taxables — Yellow Fever in Philadelphia — Fall Elec- 
 tions — Deaths in the Valley. 
 
 NDREW GREGG, Member of Congress. Josiah Haines 
 and James Davidson, members of Assembly. Daniel 
 Montgomery, Robert Fleming, and Richard Sherer, 
 County Commissioners. John Brown was commissioned 
 
 a Justice of the Peace for Washington township March 13. Number 
 
 of taxable inhabitants in Northumberland county, three thousand 
 
 eight hundred and seventy-eight. 
 
 Additional Taxables, East Buffalo — Barber, Martha (Widow;) 
 
 Baily, John ; Betz, William ; Brown, Christian; Carstetter, Martin ; 
 
 Covert, Luke ; Dale, Samuel ; Dunkle, Jacob ; Doty, Doctor ; 
 
 Gass, George; Gelitzler, William; Getz, Adam; Hayes, John; 
 
1793 ] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2jc> 
 
 Hummel, John ; Miller, Christian, (Berhntown;) Morton, Thomas; 
 Myer, George, (Berlintown ;) Ray, John ; Reedy, Conrad ; See- 
 bold, Christian, grist-mill, formerly James Watson's ; Sheckler, Dan- 
 iel ; Sheckler, Tobias 3 Speddy, Jeremiah; Stahl, Philip; Wilson, 
 Thomas. 
 
 List of Residents in Lewisburg—E\a.ck, James; Caldwell, Thomas ; 
 Deering, Francis; Belong, Edward; Donachy, John; Dunlap, 
 John, (ferry;) Ellenckhuysen, Clara ; Evans, Joseph ; Groninger, 
 Leonard ; Grove, Adam ; Grove, Wendel ; Heineman, Samuel ; 
 Holdship, George ; Kemble, Lawrence ; Knox, George ; Links, 
 George ; Lewis, Alexander ; Metzgar, Daniel ; Poak, William ; 
 Russell, David ; Sherer, Joseph ; Snodgrass, David ; Swinehart, 
 Lewis ; Thornburg, John ; Troxel, Abraham ; Wells, Benjamin ; 
 Wells, Joseph ; Yentzer, Christian. 
 
 Christopher Baldy commenced the tan-yard at Buffalo Cross- 
 Roads. 
 
 Doctor Charley Beyer practicing medicine in Lewisburg. 
 
 Still-houses — Andrew Billmyer's, Andrew Blair's, John Beatty's, 
 George Gass', on John Aurand's place, Peter Leonard's, Henry 
 Pontius', Daniel Rees', Levi Vanvolsen's. 
 
 New Saw mills — John Hager, Michael Moyer. 
 
 Additional Residents in White Deer — Adams, James ; Chamber- 
 Tin, Colonel William, of Anvil township, Hunterdon county, New 
 Jersey, bought the mill known as Bear's, and moved into the Valley ; 
 Dale, Henry ■; Fruit, Richard ; Howard, Thomas, one slave ; How- 
 ard, David ; Miller, Samuel ; Marshall, Stephen, lived on George 
 . Riddle's place or General Potter's place, late Doctor Ard's ; Rose, 
 Andrew ; Stillwell, Daniel ; Williams, William. Stephen Marshall 
 and James Adams, above, were grandparents of late Honorable 
 James Marshall. Philip Heany moved to Penn's valley. 
 
 First Residents in Mifflinburg — Dreisbach, John ; Holmes, Rob- 
 ert; Holmes, Jonathan ; 'Longabaugh, Henry; Longabaugh, Mi- 
 chael; Reedy, Nicholas; Sampsel, Nicholas ; Youngman, George ; 
 Waggoner, Christopher. 
 
 West Buffalo, State of Improvements, S^c. — Thomas Barber, saw- 
 mill ; Jacob Grozean, grist and saw-mill ; Joseph Green, grist and 
 saw- mill ; William Rockey, grist and saw-mill ; Michael Shirtz, 
 grist and saw-mill at Penn's Valley narrows, finished this year ; 
 
28o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1793. 
 
 Christopher Seebold, grist, saw-mill, and still ; David Smith, grist 
 and saw-mill. 
 
 Stills — Robert Barber, John Boude, George Rote, Elias Younk- 
 man. Slaves : One taxed to Colonel John Clarke, named Mel, 
 and one to David Watson, named Kate. 
 
 Additional Residents — McCreight, John ; Shriner, Henry ; Wil- 
 son, Hugh, on General Irvine's land, late Solomon Kleckner's ; Zip- 
 pernock, Frederick. 
 
 Penn's Township — App, Mathias ; Aurand, Daniel ; Bastian, 
 
 Daniel, Michael, and George ; Blasser, ; Burchfield, Charles ; 
 
 Clements, Peter ; Dusing, Nicholas and John ; Gable, Frederick ; 
 Grogg, Peter, saw-mill ; Hager, John, saw-mill ; Hershey, John ; 
 Highlands, John ; Hoffer, Elizabeth ; Hummel, George Adam ; 
 Jasemsky, Reverend Frederick William ; Kern, Mathias ; Ken- 
 dig, Jacob ; Krebs, John ; McKinney, Abraham ; Nyhart, David ; 
 Pfiel, Henry, saw-mill on Middle creek ; Ram, Nicholas ; Rhoads, 
 Francis, junior ; Shatzburger, Christopher ; Shawber, Christopher, 
 junior; Silverwood, James; Snyder, John, tan-yard; Snyder, 
 Simon, junior ; Solt, David ; Strausser, John N. ; Sutherland and 
 Vanvalzah, grist and saw-mill on Penn's creek ; Trester, Michael, 
 saw-mill; Walter, John, Jacob, junior, David, and Philip; Weirick, 
 William, saw-mill; Witmer, Peter, junior, saw-mill; Wolfe, John 
 and George, junior ; Young, George ; Zering, John. 
 
 March 28, petition presented to the House, asking Buffalo creek 
 to be declared a public highway up as far as Rockey's mills. 
 
 In September, the yellow fever prevailed so badly, that the Supreme 
 Court held no session in Philadelphia. It broke out early in August^ 
 and continued its ravages until November. Over four thousand 
 deaths in that period, out of a population of fifty thousand. 
 
 In October, Thomas Mifflin re-elected Governor. Vote in North- 
 umberland county, Mifflin, 1 443 ; Muhlenberg, 514. The candidates 
 for Senate were WiUiam Hepburn, Daniel Montgomery, Evan Owen, 
 Samuel Wallace, and Bernard Hubley, and William Hepburn was 
 elected. The candidates for Assembly were Josiah Haines, James 
 Davidson, William Cooke, Samuel Dale, John White, Jacob Fulmer, 
 and John Weitzel. The candidates for County Commissioner were 
 Chistopher Dering, John Buyers, David Ireland, Robert Clarke, John 
 Thornburg, Charles Gobin, and William Bonham. 
 
1793.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2S1 
 
 December 1 2 was observed in the churches as a day of humiHation 
 and thanksgiving, for removing the plague from Philadelphia. 
 
 In December, the court-house and jail at Sunbury were in such 
 ruinous condition, that the president and associate judges threatened 
 the commissioners with prosecution, "unless new buildings are com- 
 menced next year." 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Nicholas Smith, White Deer. 
 
 George Barnhart, East Buffalo. 
 
 James Ferguson, Buffalo. His children were Mrs. William Thomp- 
 son, Mrs. Hugh McConnel, Mrs. Charles Hummel, and a son, John, 
 married to David Hanna's daughter. 
 
 In West Buffalo, 2 2d April, Daniel Campbell, a soldier during the 
 whole war of the Revolution. He married Catherine Klinesmith, 
 who was wounded, as described ante page 190, and had by her two 
 children, John and Ann. John died near Mififlinburg. Ann married 
 Samuel B. Barber. Campbell had received a land warrant for one 
 hundred acres, and, in order to locate it. Barber and wife had to 
 make proof of their identity. Catherine Chambers, the widow, and 
 Baltzer Klinesmith, junior's, depositions were taken ; on file at Lew- 
 isburg. _ - ■ 
 
 Robert McCorley, of White Deer, died in the fall. Left widow, 
 Anna, and children, Isabella, wife of William McLaughlin ; Mary 
 Seidel, Robert, James, Roley, (still living, 1877,) and Jacob, after- 
 wards member of Assembly. 
 
 Levi Vanvolsen lived in Dry valley, and had a distillery. A girl, 
 living with him, took one of his children into the still-house, and 
 placed it upon a barrel, and went to draw some beer. The child fell 
 off into a vessel of boiling mash, and was scalded to death. The girl, 
 Nancy Grimes, afterwards married Jeremiah Speddy. 
 
1^94. 
 
 First BAPxrsT Settlers— Sample of Mr. Morrison's Sermons — Reverend 
 
 GrEORGE GeISTVVEIT ExCITEMENT INCIDENT TO THE WhISKY INSURREC- 
 TION — County Politics — Election Returns — Flavel Roan's Poetry. 
 
 HOMAS SMITH appointed Justice of the Supreme Court, 
 vice William Bradford, resigned. Senator, William Hep- 
 burn. Members of Assembly, Flavel Roan, George 
 Hughes and Jacob Fulmer. Henry Vanderslice, Jailer. 
 County Commissioners, Robert Fleming, Richard Sherer, and Chris- 
 topher Bering. 
 
 On the 8th of January a special election was held for a Senator, 
 in the place of William Montgomery, resigned. William Hepburn 
 was elected by sixty-four majority over Rosewell Wells, for the un- 
 expired term. 
 
 Among the Officers of West Buffalo — John Reznor, Adam Laugh- 
 lin, and William Moore, assessors. 
 
 The additional Taxableswere — James Barklow, John Barton, John 
 Kleckner, Solomon Kleckner, Benjamin Jones, Conrad Coons. The 
 name of Jacob Groshong disappears from the list, and his mill is 
 assessed to Enoch Thomas. 
 
 Additional Residents of Mifflinbiirg — John Irvin, store -keeper ; 
 Henry Neal, Ludwig Gettig, Jacob Welker, William Welker, Israel 
 Ritter, John Earnhart. 
 
 Of Lewlsburg — Alexander McBeth, Matthias Shaffer, Hugh Mc- 
 I^aughlin, William Stedman, Esquire. 
 
 282 
 
1794.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 283 
 
 First Residents of New Berlin — Hugh Beatty, George Moyer, 
 Christopher Miller, Zeba Smith, Philip Harmony, William Black, 
 John Mitchell, and Martin Carstetter. 
 
 Among the names of those who moved into the Valley this year, 
 I note particularly James McClellan, Esquire, and Gabriel Morrison, 
 school-teachers, both from Chester county; widow Mary Harris, 
 grandmother of William Laird Harris, of East Buffalo ; John Betz, 
 and Samuel Baum. 
 
 Improvements — The bridge across the Buffalo creek, at its mouth, 
 For this, the court of quarter sessions directed an allowance of ;^5o, 
 ($133 33.) It was without a roof. Travel now deserted the road 
 by way of the ferry, where the iron bridge now (1877) stands, for 
 the road on the river bank. Seventy-seven years elapse, and the 
 engines at the boat-yard of Frick, Billmyer & Co. frighten it back 
 again. Stedman and Smith keep store at Lewisburg. The court- 
 house at Sunbury was commenced. William Gray, of Sunbury, 
 Alexander Hunter, and John Weitzel were the trustees for build- 
 ing it. 
 
 O. N. Worden, in a short history of the Baptist churches, pub- 
 lished in Meginness' History of the West Branch, quotes from the 
 minutes of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, (1794:) "A letter 
 was received and read from the church in Buffalo Valley, Northum- 
 berland county, requesting to be received into the association. Post- 
 poned, no messenger appearing to receive the right hand of fellow- 
 ship." Mr. Worden adds that there were a few Baptists and preach- 
 ing stations in Buffalo Valley after the Revolution, but there is no 
 knowledge of any Baptist church in Buffalo Valley until the forma- 
 tion of the Lewisburg church, in 1844. 
 
 Colonel James Moore informs me that Colonel William Cham- 
 berlin was a Baptist ; and after his arrival in the Valley, with other 
 New Jersey people of the same persuasion, he probably made an 
 effort to establish a Baptist church, which was abandoned, on ac- 
 count of the distance the people lived from each other. 
 
 Additional Taxables, East Buffalo — Beatty, James; Bickle, Chris- 
 topher ; distillery, erected by Conrad Reedy ; Elliot, George ; Free- 
 man, Doctor ; Pfreemer, Reverend George ; Gray, Robert ; Harris, 
 Widow Mary ; Hoy, John ; Lytle, Anthony ; Lutz, Jacob ; Mc- 
 Clellan, James ; McConnel, William ; McLaughlin, John ; Schrack, 
 
^84 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1794. 
 
 Benjamin ; Smith, William, store-keeper, Lewisburg ; Steel, David ; 
 Stockman, Nathan; Thompson, Benjamin. 
 
 Additional Taxables, White Deer — Armstrong, Andrew ; Awl, 
 Samuel ; Elder, James and John ; Fisher, Christian ; Goodlander, 
 Christian; Henderson, William ; Hilliard, Guy; Hoffman, John ; 
 Jordan, Widow ; Luther, Andrew ; McCorley, Widow ; McGines, 
 Thomas ; Martin, Hugh ; Reninger, George ; Riddle, George ; 
 Woods, John. 
 
 Penn's — Drum, Charles, grist and saw-mill ; Forey, Christian ; 
 Hendricks, Samuel ; Landis, George ; Menges, Adam, grist and 
 saw-mill ; Ott, George ; Page, Abraham, still ; Pawling, Joseph ; 
 Reish, Daniel, saw-mill ; Ritter, Simon, still ; Stober, William ; 
 Tryon, Frederick, fiddle ; Wetzel, Philip. 
 
 Beaver — Aurand, Henry and George ; Cummings, James ; Ewing, 
 Thomas ; Ewing, John ; Gill, William ; Hendricks, Jacob, mill ; 
 Harman, Samuel ; Hileman, Adam, mill ; Romich, Joseph ; Ship- 
 ton, Thomas ; Shultz, John ; Troxell, John ; Wilson, Moore. 
 
 Dietrich Aurand, who had followed milling at different places 
 down the river, removed, with his family, into the Valley, and set- 
 tled on a farm on Turtle creek, midway between its source and out- 
 let, about five miles above Jenkins' mill. The farm he was on had 
 a reserved water right, and was given to him by his father, with the 
 design that he should build a merchant mill on it, and he intended 
 so to do ; but the Hessian fly having proved very destructive to the 
 wheat crops for upwards of ten years, he lost severely in purchases 
 of wheat for the French, and lost by bailing, so he could not build 
 the mill, and had to sell and remove to an adjoining farm, in 1801. 
 
 Mr. Morrison's Sermons. 
 
 The late James McClellan, Esquire, left his father's home, near 
 Fagg's Manor church, Chester county, on the 2d of April. He had 
 been in the habit for years of writing down a skeleton of the ser- 
 mons of Messrs. Sample, Latta, senior and junior. Smith, senior 
 and junior, Barr, Dayton, Mitchel, Findley, and others, who filled 
 the pulpit there. The last, by Mr. Sample, was March 15. Then 
 his manuscript is destroyed, and the next that can be made out is 
 1 8th of May, John xv, from the i6th to the end, by Mr. Morrison. 
 
1794.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 285 
 
 He says parsed by Mr. Morrison, and nothing but what is clearly- 
 contained in the verses offered. From the few skeletons preserved by 
 Esquire McClellan, Mr. Morrison seems to have fallen into the lazy 
 habits, still indulged in by some of our present preachers, of com- 
 menting on quite a number of verses, instead of delivering a logical 
 and prepared discourse on one theme. For instance, his fast-day 
 sermon, June 13, on Matthew v, ist to the 9th, is stenographed 
 thus: "This is Christ's sermon on the mount. He went up on a 
 mountain,' some of the commentators say, because the law was given 
 on a mountain. However, he made choice of this place to deliver 
 his sermon. Verse 2 : He opened his mouth, expressive of deliber- 
 ation, judgment, and authority, and taught. Verse 3 : This cannot 
 mean poor in possession, as some allow, as some are poor and 
 wicked ; but it means those children of God who are broken under 
 a sense of guilt, whatever their external circumstances may be, but 
 frequently it is that of middle circumstances. Verse 5 : The ' meek ' 
 does not mean the external, affected pohsh which prevails ; it means 
 a christian behavior, whereby he serves God as becometh Christians," 
 &c., to the end. Perhaps we do injustice to Mr. Morrison's mem- 
 ory by putting on record this " Chat band" style of preaching, but 
 it is the only memorial, perhaps, in existence to throw any light on 
 his pulpit services, not abilities, may be, as he could make a flaming 
 political harangue. 
 
 At a meeting of the German Reformed Synod, held at Read- 
 ing, in May, the Reverend George Geistweit was licensed as a 
 minister, and a call immediately presented him from the Shamokin 
 churches. The congregations in all these regions had been vacant 
 since the Reverend J. Rahauser left them, in 1792. Mr. Geistweit 
 preached statedly at Selinsgrove, Sunbury, &c., and occasionally in 
 Buffalo Valley, in the newly-built town of New Berlin, at Penn's 
 creek, &c. He labored here until the year 1804, when he accepted 
 a call to York, Pennsylvania. He died there, November 11, 1 83 1 , 
 aged seventy years, and was buried in the Reformed grave-yard 
 there. There are still (1857) some people living in the Valley who 
 were confirmed and married by him, and speak of him with great 
 affection and gratitude Doctor Harbaugh. 
 
 Mr. Geistweit bears the enviable reputation of having been one 
 of the kindest and most benevolent of men. It is reported of him 
 
286 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1794. 
 
 that, on one occasion, he even took the hat from his own head and 
 gave it to a poor wanderer, whose destitute condition appealed to 
 his charity. — Reverend D. Y. Heisler, Fathers German Reformed 
 Church, volume 3, page 77. 
 
 The Whisky Jnsurrecfion. 
 
 September 30. The summer and fall of this year are noted for 
 the excitement through the State, culminating in the whisky insur- 
 rection. Some of the whisky boys determined to erect a liberty 
 pole, at Northumberland; Judge William Wilson, of Chillisquaque, 
 and Judge Macpherson, of Dry Valley, hearing of it, determined to 
 prevent it. They called upon Daniel Montgomery, also "a justice, 
 to assist them. He told them he would pull at the rope if the 
 people required it. He, however, went with them, but rendered 
 them no assistance in suppressing the disturbance. A fight took 
 place ; Judge Wilson read the riot act, as he called it, to disperse 
 the crowd, but they paid no attention to it. One of them presented 
 his musket at the judge, but the old revolutionary captain cocked 
 his pistol and made him put down the musket, under the penalty of 
 having his brains blown out. They arrested the judge. He would 
 not give bail, and they were afraid to put him to jail. In the melee, 
 Jasper Ewing, the prothonotary, drew his pistol and snapped it at 
 William Cooke. See the case reported in i ^eates, 419. Kennedy's 
 Gazette, of 3d December, has General Henry Lee's proclamation 
 to the people of western Pennsylvania, dated at camp, at Parkinson's 
 ferry, November 8, in command of the troops of New Jersey, Mary- 
 land, and Virginia. Also, an advertisement of Doctor Priestly's 
 works, he was then publishing. 
 
 Indictments were found versus Robert Irwin, Daniel Montgomery, 
 John Frick, William Bonham, John Mackey, senior, and Samuel 
 McKee. Mr. Meginness says they were tried in Philadelphia, con- 
 victed, and sentenced, and that General Washington pardoned them 
 at the end of twenty days. His account of the riot is, that the 
 liberty pole was erected at the corner of Second and Market streets, 
 in Northumberland. The arsenal was under care of Robert Irwin, 
 (grandfather of the Nesbit brothers of Lewisburg.) The rioters 
 took possession of the arsenal, and distributed the arms. The pole 
 was driven full of nails, and guarded day and night. John Brady, 
 
1794.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 287 
 
 junior, was deputy marshal, and a very determined man. A col- 
 lision was imminent, when Captain Robert Cooke's company, from 
 Lancaster, arrived, and dispersed the rioters at the point of the bay- 
 onet. An axe was called for to cut the pole down. Mrs. Bernard 
 Hubley came running with one, her sister, Mrs. Jacob Welker, met 
 her and tried to take the axe. Mrs. Hubley got past her, and the 
 pole came down. 
 
 This company passed through Buffalo Valley. At Andrew Bill- 
 myer's, a little beyond Lewisburg, a pole had been erected, but the 
 report of the advancing troops got there before they did, and the pole 
 was cut down and hid. The soldiers could not find it, and took their 
 revenge in drinking up all the whisky, eating everything in the 
 house, leaving word that Uncle Sara would pay the bill. 
 
 Politics. 
 
 By an act of the 2d of April, Dauphin and Northumberland con- 
 stituted our congressional district, and by the act of the 2 2d of 
 April, Northumberland, Luzerne and Mifflin our senatorial district, 
 electing two members for the term of four years, and Northumber- 
 land became entitled to three members of Assembly. 
 
 Slates were at that early day made at Philadelphia, but usually 
 smashed by the people. George Green writes from Philadelphia to 
 Robert Irwin, September 24: 
 
 ' ' Son Robert : I am at loss to know whether the county of North- 
 umberland or the county of Mifflin, as I understand they are in 
 one district, is entitled to one or two Senators. If two, Mr. Mar- 
 tin, I hear, is to run in your county, and there is a certain Mr. John 
 Culbertson mentioned in the other county. I look upon him as a 
 good man, and if there are two for the district, I could wish the two 
 above-mentioned to run- if but one for the district, you may act as 
 you think proper. I think they are both good men. There are 
 great preparations being made here for an army to go to the Fort 
 Pitt country to subdue the rioters, as they are called. It appears to 
 me to be a serious affair. How it will turn out only time can tell." 
 
 The following schedule of election returns is printed in full, so as 
 to show the strength of party in each election district in the county. 
 I found it among Flavel Roan's papers, kindly loaned me by his 
 nephew, Flavel R. Clingan, of Kelly township. 
 
2S8 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
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1794.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 28g 
 
 Samuel Maclay's large majority will be remarked ; also, the still 
 greater popularity of Flavel Roan, as he has a majority in every elec- 
 tion district. It will be noticed that the federalists ran three revolu- 
 tionary officers, Surgeon Davidson, Colonel Cooke, and Major Abra- 
 ham Scott, for Assembly, yet they were largely defeated by civilians ; 
 Republicans, as the opposition called themselves. This must be 
 attributed to the personal influence of William and Samuel Maclay, 
 and the excitement caused by the whisky tax. William Maclay, I 
 infer from his private journal, differed with General Washington 
 very early in the first session of C-ongress. Tlie Maclay s, though 
 aristocratically descended, their ancestor being Baron Fingal, were 
 intensely democratic in sentiment. We notice William Maclay 
 grumbles at the state or ceremony of Washington's intercourse with 
 Congress and the public ; his objections to the President's pres- 
 ence while business was transacted, and his boldness in speaking 
 against the President's measures in open Senate, and the President 
 a listener. These are matters more proper for a biograpiiy of Mr. 
 Maclay; but their reflex influence upon Northumberland county 
 elections must be noted in these Annals. 
 
 It will be noticed that Robert Irwin has the highest vote for 
 sheriff". Nevertheless, Governor Mifflin appoints the next highest, 
 John Brady, a Federalist. The law then gave the Governor the 
 privilege of appointing from the two highest candidates. Henry 
 McAdam was elected coroner over Henry Lebo, Paul Baldy, John 
 Gray, &c. Henry Vanderslice was elected county commissioner 
 over Charles Gobin, Thomas Forster, &c. Joseph Barnett, Hugh 
 Beatty, and Robert Clarke, each, had quite a number of votes for 
 Assembly. 
 
 In the case of the sheriff, many depositions were filed by the 
 friends of Irwm and those of Brady. In one by John McGrath, he 
 says, having a store to build for Mr. Irwin, on the 29th of Septem- 
 ber, when the tree was hauled in to make the " liberty pole," he 
 watched the pole during the night, using the* unfinished store-room 
 for that purpose, without Mr. Irwin's knowledge or concurrence ; 
 that the night of the watch Mrs. Brady gave him a quart of whisky 
 to treat the watch with ; that Lawrence Campbell brought a quart of 
 brandy, and said that Mr. Brady had sent it ; that John Brady said 
 his brother had no more sense than Jimmy Logan, and while his 
 19 
 
Z()0 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1794. 
 
 brother was cutting the pole down here, he was helping to raise one 
 in Milton, and that if they would raise another, he would put a silk 
 flag on it at his own expense. 
 
 John Tietsworth swore, a voter in Buffalo told him that when he 
 proposed the name of Brady for sheriff, in Buffalo, " he liked to have 
 got his head broke for doing it," &c. 
 
 A memorial to the Governor, signed by William Wilson, William 
 Hepburn, Jasper Ewing, Wilham Gray, Jonathan Walker, Thad- 
 deus Hamilton, Daniel Smith, John Kidd, Bernard Hubley, Joseph 
 J. Wallis, and B. W. Ball, sets forth, "that since the commence- 
 ment of the insurrection to the westward, this county has furnished 
 daily proofs of a disposition inimical to the cause of Government, 
 by erecting what they call liberty poles. One attempt has been 
 made by the friends of Government to cut down these poles, which 
 was attended with imminent danger to the lives of some of our best 
 citizens. The arrival of our friends from Luzerne gave great ac- 
 tivity to the spirit of the county. They were a standard about 
 which the friends of order might rally, and an object of dread and 
 hatred to the party in opposition. After they had been here a i&\^ 
 days, General Wilson and Judge Macpherson issued warrants against 
 a number of persons who had been most active in opposition. The 
 sheriff served them, and reported that they willingly submitted and 
 entered into recognizances. But the moment they had done so, 
 we are informed, that they set out through the country with inflam- 
 matory falsehoods against some of our good citizens who were can- 
 didates. Of John Brady, a candidate for the sheriff's office, and a 
 sworn friend of Government, they reported that he had rode his 
 horse over a pole before it was raised, and that he or his brother 
 had assisted in cutting down a pole, and if he was elected, he would 
 summon juries friendly to the Government, and that by it they 
 would all be hung." 
 
 They allege that, but for these reports, Brady would have been 
 elected. They further'represent John Brady to be strongly in favor 
 of the Government ; that his father and brother were killed by the 
 Indians, and that he had two brothers in the United States service, 
 and allege that Irwin sympathized with the whisky insurrectionists, 
 and ask Governor Mifflin to appoint Brady, although they admit he 
 was two hundred votes behind Irwin. 
 
'1794."! ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2gi 
 
 David Hammond testified that the report among the people was, 
 that William Perry Brady had cut down the liberty or whisky pole 
 at Northumberland, and that they would not vote for John Brady 
 on that account, " as they believed he was against the pule. " 
 
 John Hayes (Esquire) testified "that he saw at Derrstown, in Buf- 
 falo township, Robert Irwin, as active a person as there was there in 
 helping to put up a pole that was erected there, with a large flag with 
 a motto thereon, ' Liberty ;' that the people said Brady was for the 
 Government, and, if he was elected, he would do everything in his 
 power against them, as they had been active in raising the pole." 
 
 Samuel Maus testified ' ' that he saw John Brady assist raising the 
 first pole at Northumberland, and had heard him say that he had 
 helped raise a pole in Buffalo, and another in Milton, and that he 
 would purchase a very genteel large flag for the next pole at North- 
 umberland, and that his brother was a damned rascal for cutting 
 down the first pole ; that John Brady's girl brought the brandy to 
 the people who were watching the tree for the pole the night before 
 it was raised, and the girl told the people the brandy came from Mr. 
 Brady, upon which the people cried out huzzah ! for John Brady's 
 brandy ! " 
 
 William Spring certified that some time in October last John Mason, 
 of Northumberland town, came to James Tawar & Co.'s store and 
 ordered a sufficient piece of red Persian to make colors for the lib- 
 erty pole, and directed it to be charged to John Brady's account, or 
 his own, whichever I thought proper. 
 
 Henry Lebo testified that when the first pole was set up in North- 
 umberland, the people, on motion of Mr. Eddy, formed a circle, and 
 sat down, said Eddy in the chair ; that Robert Brady came into the 
 ring with two case bottles of whisky, and called upon him (Lebo) 
 to tell the people this was John Brady's treat, John Brady being in 
 the company; that this deponent, thinking his neighbor Irwin 
 should not be behind in treating the people, went to Irwin's store, 
 and not finding him at home, asked the clerk for a half gallon of 
 whisky, who refused. Mrs. Irwin was then applied to, and she 
 refused; that he then got a half gallon on his own account, took it 
 out to the people, who, thereupon, drank his health. 
 
 James Faulkner testified he heard Irwin say that a friend of Brady's 
 told him, "that at a collection of a number of people in Younk- 
 
2g2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. (1794. 
 
 manstown, (a village in Buffalo,) at the raising of a liberty pole, 
 John Brady came along in his route electioneering, at which place 
 he expressed himself too freely against such unlawful measures, 
 which exasperated the people so much, that it had completely ruined 
 his election in the Buffalo district." 
 
 Jonathan Walker (afterwards Judge Walker,) testifies " that John 
 Brady always was, and still is, opposed to liberty poles ; that Wil- 
 liam Bonham, John Mackey, and Daniel Montgomery, were the prin- 
 cipal persons concerned in raising the pole at Northumberland ; 
 that Daniel Montgomery told him that he was determined to run 
 Irwin in his own defense, as a number of them might be indicted 
 for erecting hberty poles, and they had no favors to expect from John 
 Brady if he should succeed ; that Bonham said at first that he would 
 give all his interest to, and make all the Methodists in the county 
 vote for, John Brady, but he had changed around to Irwin, and run 
 a dead ticket for him," &c., &c. 
 
 Governor Mifflin, in a note to James Trimble, Deputy Secretary, 
 says that he has "shown the depositions produced by the friends of 
 the Government in favor of Brady, the lowest on the return, to Mr. 
 Ingersoll, (the Attorney General,) and he conceives it proper that 
 Brady should be commissioned. . Therefore, let the commission forth- 
 with issue." 
 
 A Specimen of Flavel Roan's Poetry, taken from Kennedy's Gazette 
 
 of May 14, 1794. 
 Mr. Kennedy, 
 
 Please to insert the following advertisement, and oblige yours, 
 dr'c., Flavel Roan. 
 
 I am an old man, my case is quite common, 
 I want me a wife, a likely young woman. 
 I late had an old one, but three years ago. 
 She sickened and died, and left me in woe ; 
 
 I whin'd J. B. preached a sermon when she was buried, 
 Wore my old wig a fort'night, then long'd to be married. 
 
 If any one knows where a wife's to be had. 
 Such as seventy wishes when reason is dead : 
 A girl that will warm my old bones in the winter, 
 Let them leave the intelligence with Mr. Printer. 
 
1794. J ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. sgj 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Thomas Taggert, at Northumberland. Children: Robert, David, 
 William, James ; Elizabeth, married to William Bonham ; Catherine, 
 to John Painter ; Christina, to James Semple ; Mary, to Benjamin 
 Patterson. 
 
 Lambert Vandyke, of White Deer. Children : John, Henry, James, 
 William, Archibald, and Alexander. Lambert's widow afterward 
 married Benjamin Thompson. 
 
 George Smith, (of Hartley now.) 
 
 John Fisher, of White Deer. Children : Henry, Paul, John, Mi- 
 chael, George, and three daughters. One married Thomas Perry, 
 another Jacob Wertz, and another to Philip Haines. John Fisher 
 was one of the first settlers. Took up the land in his own name, on 
 part of which West Milton now stands. He is buried in the corner 
 of the field above John Datisman, Esquire's, store, where the Valley 
 road strikes the river. He was the grandfather of Paul and Daniel, 
 of Gregg township. 
 
 Casper Bower, (East Buffalo.) Children: Henry, Margaret Hol- 
 ler, Susanna Dressier, Catherine Saunders, Maria Flickinger, Barbara 
 Smith, and Maria, unmarried then. 
 
 Andrew Fox, (of Hartley now.) 
 
 Mathias Barnhart, East Buffalo. Children : William H., Matthias, 
 Lorentz, Magdelena, married to Peter Getz. 
 
 Edward Tate, a soldier of the Revolution. His children were, 
 Edward, who moved to Rock Forge, Centre county, around which 
 his descendants reside, and William, who married a daughter of 
 Hugh Beatty, and whose children live in and near Bellefonte. 
 
 Kennedy's Gazette says that "Colonel Matthew Smith died at 
 Milton, aged fifty-four. He was captain of the rifle company that 
 went through the wilderness with Arnold to Quebec. A company of 
 li^ht infantry, under Major Piatt and Captain James Boyd, marched 
 about six miles to Warrior Run burying-ground. Many tears were 
 shed over the old patriot's grave, and, after his remains were depos- 
 ited, three volleys were fired over his grave." 
 
 He was prothonotary in 1 780. . His son, Wilson Smith, was sheriff 
 of Erie county in 1804, and Senator from that district in 181 2. 
 Quartermaster General under Governor Snyder, in 1 8 1 4, His grand- 
 son, Matthew Smith, still resides in Waterford, in that county. 
 
1^9^- 
 
 Henry Spyker's House — Politics — Jay's Treaty — GTeorge Kester and 
 Anna M. Smith's Bequests for Schools — Death of William Irvine, 
 AND Notice of his Family. 
 
 EMBERS of Congress, Samuel Maclay, and Andrew 
 Gregg. Senator, Samuel Dale, elected vice William Hep- 
 burn, who resigned on the 20th of April. Members of 
 the House, Flavel Roan, Hugh White, and Robert Mar- 
 tin. County Commissioners, Richard Sherer, C. Dering, and Henry 
 Vanderslice. John Brady, Sheriff. 
 
 In East Buffalo, the additional Taxables are — Joseph Phares, John 
 Hubler, Jacob Lutz, Job Thomas, Doctor Rosewell Doty. 
 
 John Pollock opened a store in Mr. Lewis' house, in Lewisburg. 
 
 On 5th August, Henry Spyker commenced building the first brick 
 house ever erected in Lewisburg, (still standing,) on the corner of 
 Front and St. Catherine streets, and owned by James S. Marsh. 
 John Meffert, of Tulpehocken, was the contractor. Most of the brick 
 were brought from some point down the river, and a few made on 
 Thomas Wilson's place, now a part of George Wolfe's, near the fair 
 ground. Abraham Troxell did the hauling. 
 
 In White Deer : Archibald Hawthorne appears as a taxable. 
 
 In West Buffalo : John Wintelbleck, John Wilt, Joseph Wilt, 
 Adam Armor, and John Collins. 
 
 In Fenn's : George Benfer, Michael Beaver, Peter Hackenberg, 
 Samuel McClintock, Philip Yocum, (Big) John Kerstetter. 
 
1795.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. zgs 
 
 Saturday and Sunday, 24th and 25 th of January, fell the deepest 
 snow had for many winters — two feet on the level. From April loth 
 to the 19th, the weather was excessively warm, like in the middle of 
 summer. 
 
 Thursday, 19th February, was observed as a day of thanksgiving 
 and, prayer, upon a proclamation of President Washington. " Good 
 George, take care you do not fall," writes Republican Henry Spyker, 
 in his diary. 
 
 To April Session, 1795, Hugh Wilson, Henry Dreisbach, Leffard 
 Haughawaut, William P. Maclay, C. Baldy, and John Thompson, 
 junior, reported that they had laid out a public road from Dreisbach's 
 church to the Presbyterian church at Buffalo Cross-Roads. 
 
 PoUilcs. 
 
 Jay's treaty with Great Britain was signed on the 1 9th of Novem- 
 ber, 1794. General Washington received a copy on the 7th of 
 March, of the present year. An extra session of the Senate was called 
 on the 6th of June, and it advised the President to ratify it, except 
 one article in relation to the West India trade. While Washington 
 was waiting, a little, the progress of events, one of the Virginia 
 Senators, S. T. Mason, in violation of the obligation of secrecy, 
 sent a copy of it to the Aurora, a violent, partisan Democratic (or 
 Republican, as was the party name then) paper, in Philadelphia. It 
 was spread before the people without any of the accompanying 
 documents or letters, necessary for a fair appreciation of it by the 
 people. The treaty was the best that could be obtained at the time, 
 and public policy recommended its ratification. Nevertheless, the 
 warm feeling of our people towards the French gave the opportunity 
 to the politicians to raise a tremendous storm. Meetings were held 
 all over the country, and the treaty denounced violently. Jay was 
 burned in efhgy, the British minister insulted, and Hamilton stoned 
 at a pubHc meeting. We can give no idea of the bitterness engen- 
 dered, except by large quotations from speeches and correspondence 
 of the day. The clergy, at least many of the prominent ones, took 
 part, and some of their vituperations appal us. The upshot of the 
 matter was. General Washington stood firm, and the treaty became 
 
2g6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1795. 
 
 a law. Nevertheless, the party feeling it elicited increased until it 
 ended in the overthrow of the Federal party, in the fall of 1800, 
 
 William and Samuel Maclay were the influential men of the middle 
 and western portions of Pennsylvania, and were decided Republi- 
 cans. Buffalo Valley, ever since a hot place about election times, 
 was doubly hot at this time. Samuel Maclay's influence, from his 
 good character and ability, was almost unbounded. Nevertheless, 
 Mr. Morrison led a determined few in opposition to the dominant 
 Republicans. The result was, pew rates ceased in the Buffalo church, 
 and we only find the names of William Sherer, John Allen, Joseph 
 Allen, John Reznor, George Knox, Walter Clark, Joseph Patterson, 
 William Gray, and Thomas Howard, marked as paying up their sti- 
 pends. In 1797, the foregoing and William Wilson and William 
 Irwin, Fsquire, only are marked as having paid up. In 1798, occur 
 the same names only paying up. In 1799 and 1800, the same 
 names. In 1801, only the names of George Knox, William Wilson, 
 William Gray, Esquire, and Walter Clark. 
 
 Mr. Morrison commenced preaching at Mr. Maclay from the pul- 
 pit, and Mr. Maclay refused to go any longer, and, of course, took 
 the larger body of the congregation with him. Mr. Morrison alleged 
 that the majority had conspired to shut him out of the church, and 
 he and his party went so far as to shut themselves out of the church, 
 one day, and then went over to the school-house to hear Mr. Mor- 
 rison preach, and endeavored to put the odium of it upon the ma- 
 jority. 
 
 Marriage. 
 
 December, 16, Tobias Sheckler to Catherine, daughter of George 
 Frederick. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 John Thornburg, of Lewisburg. Charles Pollock, White Deer. 
 Henry Bolender. Theobald Miller, of Penn's. His widow married 
 George May, of Buffalo. His children : Benjamin, who went down 
 the Ohio, and was killed by the Indians; Valentine, father of Car- 
 penter John, of Lewisburg; Margaret, married to John Metzgar; 
 Catherine, to John Adam; Mary, to Phihp Moore, of Freeburg; 
 Valentine, married a daughter of Joseph Evans, of Lewisburg, served 
 in the war of 1812 ; father of Reverend Theobald, of Ohio. 
 
1795.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 297 
 
 George Kester, (Hartley now.) ' In his will he provided for the 
 erection of a school-house on his place, which was to be furnished 
 with a good stove, at the' expense of his estate. .This is still known 
 as the Kester school-house. A burying-ground is attached, in which 
 are interred many of the old settlers. Kester's children were Peter, 
 Elizabeth, Christina, and Henry. 
 
 Anna M. Smith, of East Buffalo. She left in her will ^30, to 
 erect a school-house for poor children on Turtle creek. 
 
 William Irvine, died November 18. His place was the "Thomas 
 Wilson" warrantee tract, about a mile above Rengler's mill, adjoining 
 then John Beatty, Wendell Baker, James Magee and John Sierer, two 
 hundred and sixty acres ; ninety cleared. It was sold by his execu- 
 tors, on 4th May, 1798, to Peter Dunkle, for $1,500. 
 
 William Irvine came into the Valley, probably in the year 1774, 
 when he patented the tract. He is marked on the assessments 
 William Irvine, (Irish,) to distinguish him from William Irwin, Es- 
 quire, who is marked as "late of Carlisle." His wife was an Arm- 
 strong, connected with the family at Carlisle, and his eldest daughter, 
 Catherine, (afterwards Catherine Wilson,) was born November 16, 
 1758. He served during the French-Indian war, 175 4-1 763. I 
 have his powder horn, on which are etched the stations between 
 Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, to Fort Stanwix and Crown Point, the 
 plan of Fort Duquesne, the English insignia '■'■ Honi soit que mal,^' 
 Indians with scalping knives, &c. With the runaway of 1779, he 
 removed his family to Cumberland county. The spring served as 
 a hiding place for many things, and a griddle, now in possession of 
 J. M. Linn, still shows some rust-holes gotten there. His wife died 
 near Carlisle, and he returned to his place in the Valley, accom- 
 panied by his daughter Catherine, and from her have come down 
 many incidents of the hardships endured by the early settlers. 
 
 When alarmed by incursions of the Indians, they rendezvoused at 
 McCandlish's, (now John Lesher's.) Once, when on a flight, the 
 quick ear of the father caught the report of a bush cracking behind 
 them. He pushed her behind a tree and cocked his rifle, but it was 
 only a deer running by. Once they were pursued so close they had 
 to leave a cow with a calf only a few days old. He pushed down 
 the fence so that she could get into the meadow, and they then fled 
 for their lives. 
 
298 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. (1796. 
 
 Later in life, he married Jane Forster, daughter of John. She died 
 in 1824, aged eighty-four, and is buried in the Lewis grave-yard. 
 His children were, i, Catherine, married to Hugh Wilson, father 
 of Doctor W. L Wilson, still living ; Francis, who died February 
 15, 1873, Mrs. James F. Linn, Mrs. William Stedman; 2, Elizabeth, 
 married to William Love ; 3, Nancy, to William Milford. (The lat- 
 ter took a boat load of produce to New Orleans, in 1809, and was 
 never heard of afterward.) His wife survived him forty-one years ; 
 4, Mary, married to James McClellan, Esquire ; 5, Sarah, married 
 to Walter Charters. William Irvine's father's name was Andrew, of 
 the county of Fermanagh, Ireland ; and John, Matthew, and Thomas, 
 of Philadelphia, frequently mentioned in the Pennsylvania Archives 
 in connection with the purchase of ships for the navy and powder for 
 the continental army, were William's cousins, as were also General 
 William Irvine, of the Pennsylvania Line, Matthew, the celebrated 
 surgeon of Lee's legion, and x\ndrew, who survived so many wounds 
 received at Paoli. 
 
 1^96. 
 
 Bishop jSTewcomer Visits the Valley — List of Inhabitants of East 
 Buffalo. Lewisburg, New Berlin, West Buffalo, White Deer, and 
 Mahantango. 
 
 ENATOR, Samuel Dale, re-elected in October. Mem- 
 bers of Assembly, Hugh White, John White, and Thomas 
 Grant. William Cooke, commissioned Associate Judge 
 January 19th, vice Samuel Maclay, resigned December 
 7, 1795. County Commissioners, Joseph Dering, Henry Vander- 
 slice, and Nathan Stockman. Coroner, Williana McAdam. Briga- 
 dier General, William Wilson. Brigade Inspector, Bernard Hubley. 
 Peter Hosterman, Justice of the Peace, commissioned March 14; 
 George Youngman, March 17 ; Frederick Stees, June 9. 
 
1796.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 2gg 
 
 January i8, George Clark, Lazarus Finney, and Roan McClure 
 made a valuation of the real estate, &c., of White Deer township. 
 Real estate, $37,445; personal, $4,438; buildings, $6,448. 
 
 March 18, Conrad Weiser moved from Tulpehocken to his place 
 on the Isle of Que. — Spyker' s Journal. 
 
 May 6, Bishop Christian Newcomer, of the United Brethren 
 Church, visited the Valley, and held meetings on the 6th, 7th, 8th, 
 and 9th. Many souls confessed their sins, among the rest a woman 
 came forward leading her daughter. Blessed be God ! she, with 
 many others, found mercy. — Newcomer' s Journal. 
 
 James Jenkins sold his slave, Tom, to Colonel John Patton, of 
 Centre county. Tom was thirty years old when the emancipation 
 act of 1780 was passed, but was registered defectively, and hved in 
 the belief that he was still a slave. After living many years with 
 Colonel Patton, he came back to Buffalo Valley, and became a 
 charge. The overseers removed him to Ferguson, in Centre, and that 
 township had to keep him. 
 
 List of Inhabitants of East Buffalo. 
 
 The occupation, where not mentioned, is that of farmer ; improve- 
 ments, when not added to the name, are log-house and barn; c, for 
 cabin : Alsbach, Mathias ; Anderson, William, c ; Aurand, John ; 
 Aurand, Dietrich, c ; Aurand, Peter, c ; Bailey, John ; Baker, Wen- 
 dell ; Baldy, Christopher ; Barber, Martha, c ; Barnhart, Henry ; 
 Barton, John, on Jasper Ewing's place ; Baum, Charles ; Baum, 
 Samuel ; Beatty, Alexander ; Beatty, John ; Betzer, William ; Betz, 
 Abram ; Betz, Solomon; Bickel, Christopher ; Bickel, Jacob ; Bill- 
 myer, Andrew, tavern-keeper; Bo veard, James, c; Bower, Casper; 
 Bower, George; Bower, Jacob; Burd, David, c ; Campbell, John, 
 on William Gray's place ; Carothers, Samuel ; Cherry, Charles, on 
 C. Baldy's place ; Christ, Adam ; Croninger, Joseph ; Colpetzer, 
 Adam, c ; Conaly, John, distiller ; Connell, WiUiam, c ; Coryell, 
 Abram, joiner ; Coryell, George ; Covert, Luke, c ; Cox, Tunis ; 
 Dale, Samuel, Esquire ; Davis, Robert ; Derr, George ; Dempsey, 
 Widow, c ; Dennis, John ; Dersham, Christian ; Donnell, Andrew, 
 Esquire ; Doughman, Stephen ; Dreisbach, Henry ; Dreisbach, 
 Jacob; Dreisbach, Martin ; Dunlap, William, c; Dunkle, Jacob; 
 
joo ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1796. 
 
 Eaylor, Frederick, c; Emrey, Jacob; Emrey, William, a blacksmith, 
 on John Sierer's place; Eyerly, Abram, stone barn; Farley, John, 
 c ; Farley, Michael ; Fisher, George ; Fisher, William ; Foster, 
 James ; Fought, Michael ; Frantz, Ludwig ; Frock, Henry, c; Free- 
 man, Reverend George ; Freeman, Nathaniel; Frederick, Peter; 
 Frederick, George ; Foster, William ; Gass, George ; Gass, Peter ; 
 Goodman, George, c; Goodman, John ; Gray, Robert, c; Green- 
 hoe, John ; Grogg, Peter, c ; Groninger, Joseph, c ; Grove, Mi- 
 chael, c ; Grunner, Jacob, c; Gundy, Christian, grist and saw-mill 
 at George Derr's ; Harris, Widow; Hartley, John; Haughawaut, 
 Leffard, c ; Hayes, John, surveyor ; Hayes, David ; Holdship, 
 Thomas, shoe-maker; Holeman, Martin ; Housel, Peter ; Hoy, John; 
 Hoy, Philip ; Hubler, John ; Hummel, John ; Hummel, James, 
 house -joiner ; Hunter, Samuel; Huntsman, John, junior; Hunts- 
 man, James, senior; Irwin, James, c; Jenkins, James, stone grist- 
 mill ; Kemble, Joseph ; Kemberling, Jacob, c ; Knight, Isaac, c ; 
 Lincoln, Mishael ; Long, George; Lowrey, Hugh, c; Lowrey, 
 Widow; Lutz, Jacob ; McClellan, James ; McConnel, William, c ; 
 McGee, James ; McLaughlin, John ; Maclay, Samuel, Esquire ; 
 Macpherson, John ; Maize, Michael ; Markle, John ; May, George ; 
 Metzgar, Jacob ; Miller, Benjamin ; Miller, Christian ; Miller, Con- 
 rad ; Miller, George, c ; Mizener, John ; Mook, Jacob, c ; Morrison, 
 Reverend Hugh; Morrison, Gabriel, c; Morton, Japhet; Moyer, 
 Michael, saw-mill ; Nichols, James, fuller ; Nickle, Samuel ; Over- 
 meier, George, senior ; Overmeier, George, junior ; Overmeier, Peter ; 
 Peters, Henry, c ; Peters, Phihp ; Piper, William ; Poak, William ; 
 Poak, Thomas, malster; Pollock, John, store-keeper ; Pontius, Fred- 
 erick; Pontius, Nicholas; Pontius, Henry; Porter, Samuel; Ray, 
 John ; Reed, Robert, c ; Reedy, Conrad ; Reedy, Jacob ; Rengler, 
 John, saw and grist-mill; Rees, Daniel, c ; Rees, Thomas ; Rich- 
 ard, Henry ; Rote, John ; Sailor, Henry, c ; Schrack, Benjamin ; 
 Scroggs, Allen, c; Seebold, Christopher, grist-mill ; Sheaffer, Henry, 
 (ferry;) Sheckler, Tobias ; Sheckler, Daniel ; Shipman, John, c ; 
 Shively, Henry, c ; Shuck, John ; Sierer, John ; Smith, Michael, 
 blacksmith ; Stadler, Valentine, c ; Stahl, Philip, saw-mill ; Steel, 
 David, blacksmith ; Sterrett, Thomas ; Struble, Conrad; Struble, 
 Adam ; Snoddy, James ; Templeton, Samuel ; Thomas, Job ; 
 Thompson, William, c, school-master ; Thompson, James ; Thomp- 
 
1796.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jor 
 
 son, Benjamin ; Thompson, John, senior; Thompson, John, junior; 
 Toner, Charles ; Treasonrighter, Conrad ; Ward, Thomas ; Weiser, 
 Christopher, fulling-mill ; Wilson, Hugh ; Wilson, Thomas ; Wine- 
 garden, Widow; Wise, Peter; Wise, Frederick, blacksmith; Wise, 
 Frederick; Wise, Jacob; Voneida, Phihp. 
 
 Lewisdurg—A.rm's.ixong, William, tailor; Beyer, Doctor Charles, 
 log house ; Black, James, stone house, store-keeper ; Caldwell, 
 Thomas, log house, store-keeper; Dunlap, John, ferry and tavern, 
 renter to James Black, $120; Ensworth, Andrew, log house, peddler ; 
 Evans, Joseph, log house and shop, cabinet-maker ; Fulton, Henry,' 
 cabin; Gray, John, tavern; Grove, Adam, carpenter; Grove, Wen- 
 dell, carpenter ; Henning, Frederick, tavern, log ; Hyndman, Sam- 
 uel ; Kemble, Lawrence, log house, tinner ; Knox, George, tanner ; 
 Langs, George, cooper ; Lewis, Alexander, stone house and kitchen, 
 and a frame house; McLaughlin. Hugh, tailor; Metzgar, John, two 
 houses, store-keeper ; Metzger, Daniel, saddler ; Murphy, John ; 
 Poak, William, log house and kitchen, tavern-keeper; Poak, Thomas, 
 log house ; Poak, George ; Roan, Flavel ; Sherer, Richard, log 
 house ; Stedman, William, stone house ; Shaffer, Matthias, carpen- 
 ter ; Troxell, John; Welker, Jacob, log house; Wells, Joseph, 
 shoe-maker; Wells, Benjamin, shoe-maker ; Yentzer, Christian, log 
 house. 
 
 New Berlin— ^Q^\Xj, William ; Beatty, Hugh ; Black, William ; 
 Cook, James; Gill, Isaac ; Henderson, James; Miller, Christian, 
 shop-keeper; Mitchell, John; Moyer, George, tailor; Overmeier, 
 John; Rerich, William, blacksmith; Seebold, Christian, tavern- 
 keeper; Smith, John, tavern-keeper; Smith, Peter, tailor; Specht, 
 Adam, shoemaker ; Trester, Martin. 
 
 A List of all the Inhabitants of West Buffalo Towftship, with a 
 Description of their Dwellings and Occupations. 
 
 Anthony, George, wheelwright, round log cabin ; Armstrong, 
 William, farmer ; Adamson, William, cooper, log cabin ; Ammer- 
 man, Daniel, jobber, cabin; Allen, Obediah, farmer, round log 
 cabin ; Boerhave, Christopher, blacksmith, scutched log house, 
 stable, and cabin shop, one hundred and thirty-seven acres ; Beeb, 
 George, cropper; Bruner, Jacob, farmer, cabin, one hundred acres; 
 
302 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1796. 
 
 Bruner, John, jobber, cabin, one hundred acres ; Brown, John, 
 farmer, chip log house and barn, spring-house, shell of a new log 
 house, one hundred and seventy-two acres; Brown, Christian, job- 
 ber, hewed log house, not lined; Black, William, school-master, chip 
 log cabin ; Beigh, Frederick, cordwainer, round log cabin ; Bart- 
 ges, Michael, nailor, frame nailor shop ; Ben, James, living with 
 his father-in-law ; Books, George, sawyer, log cabin ; Banter, John, 
 farmer ; Bole, Henry, farmer, chip log house and barn ; Buckalew, 
 Peter, farmer; Bubb, George, farmer^ cabin; Boveard, William, job- 
 ber, log house and barn ; Buyers, John, farmer, log cabin ; Barton, 
 Kimber, a school-teacher; Clarke, Joseph, colonel's son, farm occu- 
 pied by John Conser, one hundred acres ; Carmany, John, cord- 
 wainer, small hewed log house ; Cox, William, jobber, hewed log 
 house and kitchen ; Christ, Conrad, cooper, round log cabin ; Coon, 
 Conrad, cordwainer, round log cabin ; Clay, David, farmer, round 
 log cabin ; Conser, John, stiller, log house ; Clark, John, farmer, 
 log house ; Coderman, George, farmer, hewed log house ; Clark, 
 Joseph, farmer, round log cabin ; Carney, Anthony, blacksmith, 
 round log cabin ; Crawford, Edward, farmer, log house ; Crawford, 
 William, farmer, log house ; Coderman, David, farmer, log house 
 and barn; Carnes, William, farmer; Coderman, Jacob, farmer, 
 log cabin ; Chambers, Robert, farmer, log cabin ; Chambers, Mary, 
 housekeeper, log cabin ; Chambers, Benjamin, single man ; Der- 
 sham, Ludwig, farmer, hewed log house and barn, one hundred 
 acres ; Dreisbach, John, gunsmith, hewed log house, stable, brick 
 kitchen and frame shop ; Derr, Christian, house carpenter, small 
 chip log house; Duncan, James, weaver; Douglass, WiUiam, farmer, 
 log house ; Earnhart, John, blacksmith, hewed log house and black- 
 smith shop ; Emery, John, blacksmith, hewed log house and shop 
 on John Kleckner's place; Evans, Nathan, saddler, round log 
 cabin; Emery, Peter, farmer, log cabin; Emery, John, farmer, log 
 cabin ; Everet, Abel, miller ; Fry, Jacob, farmer, hewed log house, 
 kitchen, barn, and cabin ; Forster, Thomas, farmer, chipped log 
 house ; Forster, Robert, farmer, hewed log house ; Fough, Henry, 
 round log cabin ; Ford, Thomas, farmer, chip log cabin ; Fisher, 
 Peter, sawyer, cabin and saw-mill ; Fiddler, Stephen, blacksmith, 
 log house and shop ; Frederick, Thomas, farmer, log house ; Get- 
 gen, Ludwig, mason, hewed log house ; Ghien, Nathan, farmer, 
 
1796.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. , 303 
 
 chipped log cabin ; Gray, Henry, farmer, round log cabin ; Get- 
 chey, Adam, farmer, chipped log cabin ; Gast, Jacob, jobber, chip- 
 ped log cabin; Glover, John, farmer, hewed log house and round 
 log barn, vejyi^ld ; Grim, Jacob, tavern-keeper, hewed log house, 
 grist and saw-mill; Gray, George, tenant, log cabin; Hyman, John, 
 jobber, small cabin; Holmes, Jonathan, small hewed log house; 
 Home, Robert, shop-keeper, hewed log house and chip log stable ; 
 Housel, Jacob, farmer, log cabin ; Housel, Martin, farmer, chip 
 log house and stable ; Hamilton, Francis, jobber, round log cabin ; 
 Humler, Daniel, farmer, chipped log cabin; Helman, John, jobber, 
 chipped log cabin ; Hickson, John, farmer, hewed log house ; Hull, 
 Thomas, farmer, chipped log cabin ; Hoves, John, farmer, round 
 log barn; Hendricks, Henry, sawyer, cabin; Humler, Adam, 
 farmer, round log cabin ; Iddings, James, farmer, shell of a cabin ; 
 Iddings, William, farmer, chipped log cabin; Irwin, John, shop- 
 keeper, hewed log house and round log house ; Johnson, Christopher, 
 farmer, grist and saw-mill ; Jones, Benjamin, farmer, chipped log 
 house ; Kennedy, Alexander, farmer, chipped log cabin, old stable, 
 chipped log house and barn, shell, one hundred and forty acres ; 
 Kemple, John, farmer, hewed log house and barn; Keney, David, 
 farmer, round log cabin; Kleckner, John, tavern-keeper, barn, 
 stable, and spring house ; Kester, Henry, farmer, log house and saw- 
 mill ; Kester, Peter, farmer, cabin ; Kester, John, farmer, log cabin ; 
 Kester, John, sawyer, log house; Kester, Peter, stiller, cabin; Kleck- 
 ner, Solomon^ clock-maker, chipped log cabin ; Lyman, Michael, 
 carpenter, hewed log house; Langabaugh, Henry, weaver, hewed 
 log house; Leighty, John, tanner, romid log house; Lowdon, 
 John, farmer, hewed log house, barn, spring-house, and saw-mill; 
 Laughlin, Adam, farmer, log cabin ; Lewis, Paschal, farmer, log 
 house ; Mathias, Jacob, jobber, hewed log house and barn, one hun- 
 dred acres ; Moor, James, hunter, hewed log cabin ; Moore, Henry, 
 cordwainer, round log cabin, log still-house ; Mettlen, Patrick, 
 farmer, round log cabin ; Mizner, Adam, farmer, hewed log cabin ; 
 Midker, Conrad, farmer, round log cabin thatched ; Mitchell, John, 
 farmer, round log cabin ; Miller, Bastian, farmer, round log cabin, 
 thatched roofed barn ; Mann, Philip, farmer, log house ; Metzger, 
 Henry, jobber, cabin ; Means, Andrew, millwright, log cabin ; 
 Mathers, Samuel, farmer, chipped log cabin ; McLain, John, cord- 
 
304 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. {Vim. 
 
 wainer, hewed log house; McCutchen, Hugh, schoohToaster ; Mc- 
 Grady, Alexander, farmer, round log cabin ; McCaley, Alexan- 
 der, farmer, round log cabin, barn shingled ; McMurtrie, Hugh, 
 farmer, cabin ; Noll, Henry, cropper, cabin building ; Neel, Wil- 
 liam, weaver, chipped log weaver shop ; Neel, Henry, tailor, hewed 
 log house ; Owens, Abel, farmer, chipped log house ; Pontius, An- 
 drew, farmer, house and cabin, barn, one hundred and fifty acres ; 
 Pontius, Andrew, junior, farmer, round log house ; Pontius, Henry, 
 farmer, hewed log house and log cabin; Peterson, Robert, hunter, 
 chipped log house and cabin stable ; Piper, Henry, farmer, hewed 
 shell house ; Peters, Michael, round log cabin ; Rockey, Jacob, does 
 what he thinks best ; Rearick, John, farmer, hewed log house, spring- 
 house and cabin barn ; Richey, Andrew, jobber, cabin ; Rockey, Wil- 
 liam, farmer, hewed log house, cabin barn, grist and saw-mill; Rockey, 
 John, tavern-keeper, hewed log house and kitchen, round log stable ; 
 Rote, George, tavern-keeper ; Ray, George, tavern-keeper, hewed 
 log house and barn ; Royer, Peter, farmer, hewed log house and 
 barn ; Reed, Mary, Mifflinburg ; Reedy, Nicholas, jobber, log 
 house ; Ross, Charles, jobber, scutched house ; Rote, Peter, farmer, 
 round log cabin ; Ridabaugh, Michael, farmer, hewed log house and 
 barn; Reznor, John, junior, farmer, log house; Reznor, John, 
 senior, farmer, round log cabin ; Reznor, George ; Rote, John, 
 Jacob, and George ; Reznor, Hugh, Moses Caruther's miller; Rhine- 
 macker, Baltzer, farmer, round log cabin ; Spangler, Christian, 
 farmer, log house and barn, one hundred and fifty acres ; Spangler, 
 John, jobber, one hundred and twenty-one acres ; Shanke, Jacob, 
 blacksmith, hewed log kitchen and shop ; Skiles, James, jobber, 
 chipped log house, small ; Sample, Nicholas, carpenter, hewed log 
 house ; Stotan, William, farmer, chipped cabin, barn and still-house ; 
 Shrock, John, farmer, round log cabin ; Smith, John, farmer, round 
 cabin, house, and saw-mill, round log cabin ; Shriner, Nicholas, crop- 
 per, hewed log cabin ; Shriner, Peter, jobber, hewed log cabin ; Smith, 
 Melchior, farmer, chipped log houso; Shirtz, Michael, farmer, log 
 house, cabin ; Snook, William, farmer, log house ; Smith, Ludwig, 
 farmer, log house, grist and saw-mill ; Smith, David, farmer ; Shri- 
 ner, Henry, jobber, log cabin ; Spencer, Joshua, jobber, cabin ; 
 Tate, David, farmer, cabin, house, scutched log barn ; Thompson, 
 James, farmer, hewed log house, round log cabin ; Thomas, Enoch; 
 
1796.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. joj 
 
 Tittleman, Godfrey, farmer, round log cabin ; Tibbens, David, saw- 
 yer, cabin ; Trippy, George, weaver ; Wise, Jacob, farmer, hewed 
 log house, spring-house, and cabin barn ; Wagner, Christopher, car- 
 penter, hewed log house ; Welker, William, jobber, hewed log house 
 and kitchen; Welker, Jacob, tailor, hewed log house; Williams, 
 Benjamin, chipped log house; Wigdon, John, farmer, hewed log 
 shell of a house ; Wilson, Hugh, tavern-keeper, hewed log house, red 
 log barn, on Colonel Hartley's place ; Wilson, David, farmer, one 
 slave ; Wirebaugh, Catherine, house-keeper, log house ; Wirebaugh, 
 Nicholas, single man ; Winkelpleck, John, farmer, log house ; Ultz, 
 Joseph, farmer, hewed log house, red log stable ; Ultz, John, farmer, 
 log cabin, round log stable ; Vorgan, John, farmer, round log cabin ; 
 Youngman, George, shop-keeper, hewed log house, shop, scutched 
 log stable ; Youngman, Thomas, with his father, a shell of a scutched 
 log house ; Youngman, Ehas, hatter, chipped log house ; Young, 
 Christian, potter, hewed log house, round log stable ; Zellers, Peter, 
 farmer, hewed log house, round log barn ; Zipperneck, Frederick, 
 farmer, round log house and barn; Metzgar, Jacob, farmer, round log 
 cabin. 
 
 Single Freemen— Ea.rnes, Aaron ; Chambers, Joseph ; Caruthers, 
 Moses ; Crotzer, John ; Duncan, James ; Emery, Joseph ; Hunter, 
 John ; Love, Alexander ; Moore, Jacob ; Moore, John ; McCalley, 
 David; Rockey, Jacob. 
 
 A List of all the Inhabitants of White Deer Township, Dwellings, 
 their Occupation, &'c. 
 
 All whose occupations are not named were farmers. Adams, 
 Joseph, log house and barn ; Adams, James, square log house and dou- 
 ble barn; Allen, Joseph, cabin and still-house ; Allen, John, cabin, 
 stable ; Anderson, Gailand, cabin, saddletree-maker ; Awl, Samuel, 
 cabin, shoe-maker; Bennage, Simon, log house, one and a half stories, 
 double barn ; Bogender, Lemuel, Thomas Howard's place, carpen- 
 ter; Bole, Samuel, log house, double barn; Bower, John, cabin 
 and stable, shoe-maker ; Boyl, William, tenant of Gideon Smith ; 
 Buchanan, David, cabin and stable, millwright ; Carnahan, Robert, 
 cabin and still-house ; Chamberlin, William, frame house, log barn, 
 oil, grist, and saw-mill, log still-house; Clark, Walter, square log house 
 20 
 
306 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1796. 
 
 and double barn ; Clark, Robert, square log house and double barn ; 
 Clark, William, stone house, log barn, still-house ; Clark, George ; 
 Cleland, Arthur, cabin and stable ; Clendening, William, cabin, 
 weaver ; Coburn, William, cabin and stable ; Connelly, William, cabin, 
 weaver ; Coulter, Nathaniel, cabin, laborer ; Darlington, Joseph, 
 cabin ; Davidson, Thomas, blacksmith, log house ; Dean, Samuel, 
 cabin, no trade ; Dickey, George, saddler ; Dinning, Samuel, log 
 house and barn ; Drielly, James, cabin, weaver ; Eaker, Joseph, cabin 
 and stable, doctor; Elder, Thomas, school-master, cabin, stable, and 
 corn-crib ; Elder, James ; Farley, Caleb, cabin and stable ; Finney, 
 Robert, log house and double barn ; Finney, Lazarus, no improve- 
 ment ; Fisher, Paul, log house and double barn \ Fisher, Henry, 
 cabin and stable ; Fisher, Michael, log house ; Fisher, George, no im- 
 provement ; Fisher, Elizabeth ; Fisher, Christian, cabin ; Fisher, 
 John, jobber; Freeman, Samuel, cabin, weaver; Fruit, Robert, 
 square log house and barn ; Fruit, Richard, log house, one and a 
 half stories, stable; Gilliland, Joseph, cabin, cooper; Gillespie, 
 Charles, cabin ; Gilman, Henry, large cabin ; Gilman, Jacob, 
 large cabin, weaver; Goodlander, Christian, cabin, tailor; Gott- 
 shall, John, carpenter ; Graham, Edward, cabin, tailor ; Gray, Wil- 
 liam, Esquire, log house, one and a half stories, double barn, and still- 
 house ; Groninger, Jacob, lived on William Wilson's place, cabin, 
 weaver ; Heckle, Andrew, log house and double barn ; Henderson, 
 William, cabin, carpenter, on William Wilson's ; Heriot, Samuel, 
 carpenter ; Hies, George, cabin, blacksmith ; High, Peter, carpenter 
 and tavern-keeper ; Hill, John, cabin, shoe-maker ; Hill, James, 
 small cabin, shoe-maker; Hiiliard, Guy, cabin, shoe-maker; How- 
 ard, Thomas, square log house and barn ; Hudson, William, 
 cabin, mason ; Huffman, George, log house ; Huffman, John, 
 log house and double barn; Hunt, John, cabin, blacksmith; 
 Hunter, Agnes, cabin ; Hutchinson, Thomas, square log house, 
 (Patterson's place;) Iddings, William, cabin, blacksmith ; Iddings, 
 Henry, log house ; Iddings, Jonathan, small cabin ; Iddings, 
 Isaac, small cabin ; Irwin, Richard, log house and barn, weaver ; 
 Irwin, William, cabin ; Johnson, Jean, cabin, and stable ; Jordon, 
 Jean, cabin and barn, clapboard roof; Jordon, William, cabin, 
 boatman ; Keller George, small cabin, wheelright ; Kelly, John, 
 Esquire, log house and double barn ; Kiles, James, cabin, laborer ; 
 
1796.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. joj 
 
 Laird, Matthew, log house and barn ; Lantz, Arthur, log house 
 and kitchen; Linn, John, log house, one and a half stories, double 
 barn, and still-house; Linn, Isaiah, cabin and stable; Lukey, 
 John, log house ; Luther, Andrew, cabin and stable, tailor ; Mc- 
 Beth, Robert, log house, blacksmith ; McClenachan, Finney, small 
 cabin ; McClenachan, William, cabin and stable, carpenter ; Mc- 
 Clenachan, Andrew, square log house ; McClure, Roan, cabin and 
 double barn ; McCorley, Widow, log house, still-house ; McCorley, 
 James, small cabin, laborer ; McGaughey, Andrew, small cabin, 
 school-master ; McGinnes, James, weaver ; McKinley, Hugh, small 
 cabin, laborer; McLaughlin, James, small cabin, laborer; Mc- 
 Laughlin, William, small cabin ; McWilliams, James, small cabin, 
 laborer ; Marshall, William, still-house, distiller ; Marshall, Stephen, 
 small cabin^ laborer ; Martin, George, log house, old stable, shoe- 
 maker; Martin, James, log house; Miller, Samuel, cabin and stable, 
 carpenter; Mool, Nicholas, weaver, (John Huffman's;) Moore, 
 James, cabin and stable ; Moore, Joseph, log house and double barn ; 
 Moore, George, cabin ; Nevius, Christian, log house and double 
 barn; Nickles, Thomas, cabin, William Wilson's place; Nogel, 
 Charles, log house, carpenter ; Norcross, Abraham, laborer, cabin ; 
 Norcfoss, John, frame house, hatter, shop, ferry, and tavern; Painter, 
 Jacob ; Pollock, Adam, stone house and double barn ; Pollock, Jo- 
 seph, log house and double barn; Rank, John, log house and stable ; 
 Reed William, stepson of C. Gillespie ; Reninger, George, grist, 
 saw-mill, cabin, and stable; Riddle, George, square log house; 
 Rodman, Hugh, carpenter; Shannon, William, weaver; Shaw, 
 Hamilton, large cabin, stable ; Shaw, James, cabin ; Sherer, Rich- 
 ard, cabin, still-house, and barn ; Smith, Gideon, log house, double, 
 barn, and still-house, joiner; Smith, Catherine, grist and saw-mill ; 
 Smith, Peter, cabin; Smith, John, cabin; Smith, Ludwig; Snook, 
 Phihp, double cabin; Steel, John, log house; Steel, Alexander, 
 small cabin; Steel, William, tanner, log house, stable, tan-yard; 
 Stillwell, Daniel, square log house ; Sweesy, Daniel, cabin ; Thomp- 
 son, William, carpenter, cabin ; Thompson, William, school-master, 
 cabin; Vandyke, John, cabin, barn; Vandyke, Huston, shoe-maker; 
 Vartz, Dietrick, large cabin ; Vogen, Robert, small cabin, cooper ; 
 Ward, Thomas, Robert Clarke's place, old cabin, weaver ; Ward, 
 John, cabin, jobber; Ward, George, cabin, jobber; Walles, John, 
 
joS ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1796. 
 
 weaver, cabin ; Watts, John, carpenter, cabin ; Welsh, Nicholas, 
 stable and cabin ; Welsh, Ludwig ; Wheeland, Michael, carpenter_, 
 cabin ; Whittemore, Peter, cabin, stable, and blacksmith shop ; 
 Wilson, William, stone house, bank barn, and apple-mill, tailor; 
 Woods, John, cabin and still-house, reed-maker ; Woodside, David, 
 large cabin, stable, and blacksmith shop. 
 
 Single Men — Adams, James ; Adams, John ; Chamberlin, Enoch, 
 miller ; Clark, Charles ; Clark, George ; Foster, Hugh, weaver ; 
 Fisher, William, miller ; Huffman, George ; Hawthorne, Archibald ; 
 Iddings, Samuel ; Irwin, John, distiller ; Irwin, Samuel, weaver ; 
 Johnston, William ; Lukey, William, joiner ; Lukey, James ; Mc- 
 Cluskey, Patrick, distiller ; Nicholas, John ; Painter, Henry ; Pol- 
 lock, James ; Pollock, Thomas ; Ray, William ; Russell, Alexander, 
 distiller; Wheeland, Samuel. 
 
 Fefin's — Brause, Adam ; Deal, John ; Deitz, Jacob ; Filman, 
 John ; Gaughler, Nicholas ; Gehr, Jacob ; Hughes, Garret ; Jarret, 
 Jacob ; Kern, Widow ; Kratzer, Daniel ; Leckington, Abraham ; 
 Musselman, Jacob ; Price, Thomas ; Schuyler, Nicholas ; Weirick, 
 John. 
 
 List of Residents, dr'c., of Mahantango Township made in 1796 — 
 Territory, Chapman, Perry, West Perry, now in Snyder County. 
 
 Albright, Frederick, senior and junior ; Albright, John ; Ault, 
 George ; Anderson, William ; Arnold, Casper, saw-mill ; Barnhart, 
 Henry ; Bay, John ; Bickart, John ; Birchfield, Charles ; Blasser, 
 John ; Bower, Daniel ; Bower, Peter ; Bowman, Jacob ; Bright, 
 Michael ; Brumbach, George ; Burget or Burkhart, Philip, Esquire ; 
 Eckhart, Jacob; Forrey, Christian; Garman, Henry, saw-mill; 
 Garman, John and Peter ; Gaughler, George ; Geltnitz, Casper ; 
 Getherd, Henry, cooper; Goy, Frederick; Graybill, Jacob; Gray- 
 bill, Christian ; Graybill, John ; Gunckel, Jacob ; Haflig, Jacob ; 
 Hagerman, John ; Hamilton, James ; Hawn, Michael, saw-mill ; 
 Hawn, Michael, junior ; Heem, Paul ; Heffer, Jacob ; Heimback, 
 Peter; Heintz, Doctor Christian; Heisler, Henry; Herrold, Simon, 
 grist and saw-mill; Herrold, George; Hershey, John; Hershey, 
 John, junior ; Hetzel, Mathias ; Hoff, James, tailor ; Hosterman, 
 Peter; Imhoff, Charles, two stills; Johnston, John, saw-mill; Jordon, 
 
1796.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jog 
 
 John ; Keiser, Jacob ; Kerstetter, John ; Kerstetter, George ; Ker- 
 stetter, Leonard ; Kerstetter, Martin ; Kerstetter, John, junior ; Ker- 
 stetter, Widow J Leiter, John; Livengood, Jacob; Livengood, John, 
 Livengood, Jacob, saw-mill ; McClintock, Samuel ; Martin, Jacob ; 
 Meiser, George ; Meiser, Adam ; Meiser, Henry, junior ; Meiser, 
 Henry, senior, saw-mill; Meiser, Michael; Meiser, Philip; Metter- 
 ling, Baltzer ; Nieman, Wiant, saw-mill ; Nitz, Jacob and Philip ; 
 Patterson, Robert ; Pfeill, Henry ; Reber, John ; Reed, Frederick ; 
 Reed, Casper ; Reichenbach, John ; Reichenbach, Jacob ; Reinerd, 
 George ; Richter, Christian ; Richter, John ; Rine Henry, two 
 stills ; Roush, Jacob ; Roush, Jacob, junior ; Saddler, Stephen ; 
 Seecrist, Christian, saw-mill and distillery ; Shaffer, John ; Shaffer, 
 Michael, saw-mill ; Shaffer, Peter ; Shedde, Henry, saw-mill ; 
 Shetterly, John, saw-mill ; Shetterly, Henry ; Shetterly, Catherine ; 
 Shetterly, Andrew ; Shower, Adam and Michael ; Shreiber, Philip ; 
 Smith, David, oil-mill ; Snyder, Herman ; Snyder, John, senior ; 
 Snyder, Thomas ; Snyder, Herman, senior ; Snyder, George, 
 shoe-maker; Snyder, John, tanner; Speese, Herman; Stahl, Fred- 
 erick; Stahl, John; Stees, Frederick, grist and saw-mill and shop- 
 keeper; Stephenson, Earnest, weaver; Stephy, Adam and Leonard; 
 Straub, Charles ; Straub, Charles, junior ; Straub, Peter ; Strausser, 
 Nicholas, horse jockey ; Swartz, Martin ; Swartz, John and Peter ; 
 Thornton, John; Thorsby, William; Troub, John; Vance, Robert; 
 Whitmer, Widow; Whitmore, Jacob; Whitmore, Samuel, distillery; 
 Wiant, Jacob ; Wiant, John , Witmer, Abraham ; Witmer, Peter, 
 saw-mill ; Woodrow, Simon ; Woomer, Adam and Godfrey ; Zel- 
 lers, John; Zimmerman, Stophel and William; Zually, John, weaver. 
 Single Freemen — Goy, Frederick; Haak, Jacob; Meiser, George, 
 joiner ; Nitz, Jacob ; Shaffer, Andrew ; Stephy, Frederick, carpen- 
 ter ; Whitmore, Samuel ; Wiant, Michael ; Zimmerman, Jacob. 
 
 Married. 
 
 Sunday evening, June 12, Simon Snyder, Esquire, of Selinsgrove, 
 to Catherine, daughter of Colonel Frederick Antes, of Northum- 
 berland. 
 
 D&aths. 
 
 Henry Peters, East Buffalo. Children : Anna, Maria, Mary, and 
 Barbara. 
 
jro ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, [1797. 
 
 Joseph Taveler, East Buffalo. 
 
 Abraham Piatt, of Haines. Children : Jane, Eleanor, John, and 
 James. 
 
 March 14, George Riddle, son-in-law of General James Potter, 
 deceased. 
 
 1^9^- 
 
 White Deer Election District — Books', Fisher's, and Barber's Mills 
 Built — Greenville Laid Out. 
 
 lEMBERS of Assembly, Simon Snyder and Samuel Ma- 
 clay. County Commissioners, Henry Vanderslice, Na- 
 than Stockman, and Charles Irwin. Justices of the 
 Peace appointed : Thomas Shipton, January 6 ; John 
 Hayes, February 2 ; James Parks, March 30 ; Thomas McCormick, 
 Washington township, March 30; Frederick Evans, April 18; and 
 Christian Espick, November 27. 
 
 March 21, by act of Assembly, all that part of Washington that 
 belongs to Northumberland county, and of White Deer to Little 
 Spruce run ; thence down the same to Matthew Laird's ; and thence 
 to the river, where Peter Swartz formerly lived, (now Mr. Miller's 
 place;) thence down the river to the mouth of Buffalo creek, was 
 included in the eighth election district, which held its election at 
 WilHam Gallagher's in Milton ; and, by the apportionment of this 
 year, Northumberland county became entitled to two members. 
 
 Additional Taxables of White Deer — Adams, John ; Adams, Wil- 
 liam ; Busser, Jacob ; Chamberlin, William, junior ; Kelly, John, 
 junior ; Shrock, Aaron ; Spotts, Jacob. Henry Gray, Thomas 
 Fredericks, and Michael Greenhoe, had saw-mills, and George 
 Books erected the Books' saw-mill, in West Buffalo. He was a pow- 
 erful man. In a fight at Rockey's mill, he caught two men, Bogen- 
 
1797.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 311 
 
 reif and Iddings, and butted their heads together. Books removed 
 to Ohio, and died there. 
 
 Peter Fisher built the grist-mill, lately Samuel Weidensaul's, on 
 Penn's creek, at the mouth of Laurel run. Fisher's successor at 
 the mill was John Williams, his son-in-law. George, Henry, and 
 John Weirick built Robert Barber's grist-mill, on White Spring run. 
 William Weirick, who was the head of the firm of Weiricks, mill- 
 Avrights, lost his life about this time, at a mill on the Juniata. He 
 slept in the mill, arose in sleep, and fell through an opening to the 
 bottom of the mill. 
 
 Store-keepers in Lewisburg — James Black, who had William Hayes 
 for his clerk, William McQuhae, and Henry Spyker. Christian Read 
 built the barn of the latter. He charges him with sixteen gallons 
 of whisky, used at the work from June 29 to September. 
 
 April 3, George Derr sold Tobias Lehman his Lewisburg mill 
 property and two hundred and eight acres of land. 
 
 May 18, Frederick Evans laid out the property, late of George 
 Rote, in lots, and called it Greenville. It adjoined Youngmanstown, 
 and is now within the limits of Mifflinburg. 
 
 At the election in October, Robert Irwin had eighteen hundred 
 and forty-six votes ; Robert Brady, the next highest, ten hundred 
 and fifty-three. The majority for Irwin was so large, he could not 
 be safely set aside, and was accordingly commissioned, October 18. 
 
 Married. 
 
 February 9, Thomas Howard married to Elizabeth, daughter of 
 Widow Mary Harris. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 January 8, Mary, wife of Robert Chambers, aged sixty-one years. 
 
 George Rote. Children : Peter, Jacob, George, Abraham, and 
 John. Sons-in-law, John Kessler, Michael Shirtz, Adam Colpetzer, 
 Joseph Ultz, Frederick Bartges, and James Ben. The latter married 
 the daughter who was a prisoner with the Indians. They last re- 
 sided on Spring creek, Centre county, where she died, and he 
 married a Widow Murphy. 
 
h- 
 
 179 
 
 The Presbyterian Gtrave-yard at Lewisburg — Ferry Landing Dispute 
 — Politics — Death of Captain John Lowdon. 
 
 |AMUEL DALE and Samuel Maclay, Senators. Mem- 
 bers of Assembly, Simon Snyder and Jacob Fulmer. 
 Sheriff, Robert Irwin. Register and Recorder, Jere- 
 miah Simpson, cominissioned July 24. Justice of the 
 Peace, Simon Snyder, junior, March 13. John Lawson, May 3. 
 Seventh division. Major General William Montgomery. Second 
 brigade. Brigadier General William Wilson, commissioned March 
 24. Brigade Inspector, Bernard Hubley, commissioned June 8. 
 
 Buffalo : Supervisors, Peter Frederick and John Beatty. Col- 
 lector, Hugh Beatty. 
 
 West Buffalo : Supervisors, David Smith and John Reznor. On 
 the 4th of April West Buffalo was erected into the fourth district, 
 and the election directed to be held at the house of James Forster. 
 
 January 10, James Sherer appointed the first postmaster at Lewis- 
 burg. 
 
 In February, Walter Clark, William Gray, and William Wilson, 
 trustees of the Presbyterian grave-yard at Lewisburg, presented a 
 petition to the Legislature, setting forth that many had buried their 
 friends in lot No. 48, (next Weidensaul's hotel lot,) and there were 
 no persons buried in No. 42, (C. D. Cox's hotel lot,) and asking 
 authority to sell No. 42, (which, with 44 and 46, were, on the 26th 
 of March, 1785, conveyed to them for the use and benefit of the 
 Presbyterian congregation of Buffalo, for the purpose of a burying- 
 
 3)2 
 
1798.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 313 
 
 ground, by Ludwig Derr, the proprietor,) and to buy No. 48. An 
 act passed accordingly. — 3 Smith's Laws, 304. 
 
 Additional Taxables in Penn's township — John Binkomer, store- 
 keeper; Joseph Barger, saw-mill; Adam Brause, saw, grist-mill, and 
 distillery; John Busing, shoe-maker and fiddler; Frederick Dreone, 
 surgeon and fiddler ; Michael Galer, saw-mill ; Adam Fisher, store- 
 house and ferry; Henry Haus, saw-mill; George Kessler, tanner; 
 Valentine Laudenslager, grist-mill and store; Francis Rhoades, 
 tavern, ferry, and store-house ; John Swineford, tavern ; Neal St. 
 Clair, taxed with a negro ; A. Swineford, two mulattoes. 
 
 During this year James Black, owner of lot No. 341, on which 
 Nesbit & Brother's store and house now stand, brought an eject- 
 ment to maintain their landing privilege on the river opposite that 
 lot. William Stedman and John Smith had a store in the stone 
 building opposite, owned by Cowden & Hepburn, and the writ was 
 served upon them as tenants. 
 
 Francis Guise had bought No. 341 of George Derr, on the 5th of 
 October, 1785, and on his deed- was recited the privilege of a land- 
 ing on the bank of the river, opposite to and of the same breadth 
 of No. 341. The claim was for the ground between the eastern 
 boundary of said lot and low water-mark, on part of which the stone 
 building was erected, but the landing was unobstructed. Black was 
 defeated on the ground that an ejectment will not lie for a mere 
 privilege or an incorporeal hereditament. — 2 Yeates, 331. Hugh 
 Wilson bought No. 341 at the sheriff's sale of James Black's prop- 
 erty, in 1800, and sold it 4th May, i8to, to Adam Grove, who 
 sold it on the 8th of May, 1822, to the late Thomas Nesbit, de- 
 ceased. 
 
 During the summer, politics ran high ; the Republicans attacking 
 the alien and sedition laws, and elevating to the rank of martyrs 
 those who had been prosecuted under the sedition laws. At a meet- 
 ing held in Lewisburg, for the purpose of addressing the President, 
 John Adams, Reverend Hugh Morrison was one of the principal 
 speakers, and in his public speech, indulged in abuse of Samuel 
 Maclay and his family. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 Robert Clark, leaving a widow, Jane. Children : Eleanor Fruit, 
 
^ ■ . 
 
 314 ANIMALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1798. 
 
 -t^ • . 
 
 Margaret Ayres, Robert, George, Charles, and John. His brother, 
 Walter, and his son, John, executors. 
 
 John Murphy, Lewisburg. Children : Benjamin, John, Henry, 
 Mary, Nancy, and Sally. 
 
 John Wales, New Berlin. Widow, Ann M. Children : James, 
 John, Joseph, Jacob, and Sarah. 
 
 Christian Miller, distiller, New Berlin. \ 
 
 Captain John Lowdon died at his residence, near Mifflinburg, in 
 February. His parents were Richard Lowdon and Patience Wright, 
 (married by Friends' ceremony, June 5, 1728,) of Hempfield, (now 
 Columbia, Pennsylvania.) He was born July 5, 1730; married 
 March 27, 1760, by Thomas Barton, missionary, at Lancaster. 
 As early as 1756, Mr. Shippen recommends him for a commission 
 as ensign. He was an inn-keeper at Lancaster in June, 1770, and 
 during this year took up a great deal of land in Buffalo Valley. The 
 land on which Northumberland now stands was patented to his wife, 
 Sarah, in 1770, and, in connection with William Patterson, he laid 
 out that town. Reuben Haines made an addition to it, January 19, 
 1781, of land sold him by Lowdon in 1775. In the spring of 1772, 
 he moved into Buffalo Valley, residing at a place he called Silver 
 Spring, afterward sold by his executors to Roush, now owned by 
 Levi Shoemaker. His wife died previous to the year 1 775, as during 
 this year he signed deeds alone, and it appears by a letter dated the 
 18th of July, 1775, to Captain Lowdon, at that time in the field, 
 that his five children were with his mother's family, at Hempfield. 
 His prominence in political agitations prior to the Revolution, will 
 be seen by the correspondence of that period, published under those 
 years, and what he said in the cabinet he was not afraid to make 
 good on the field of battle. As soon as the news of the battle of 
 Bunker Hill reached the county, he enlisted a company of ninety- 
 seven men and set off for Cambridge. After his return, on Novem- 
 ber 7, 1776, he was elected a member of the Supreme Executive 
 Council of Northumberland county, serving for one year. He owned 
 an immense body of land during his life, embracing nearly the whole 
 of West Buffalo township, besides large quantities now lying in Cen- 
 tre and Northumberland. Philip Pontius told me he often visited 
 at his father's. Lieutenant Henry Pontius, and he recollects his ap- 
 pearance distinctly. He was a large, well-proportioned man, with 
 
1798.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 315 
 
 a very pleasant expression of countenance. Doctor W. I. Wilson 
 (of -Potter's Mills) told me, when a boy he often saw Captain Low- 
 don at the Buffalo Cross-Roads church. He wore a cocked hat, 
 blue coat, buff vest and breeches, silver knee and shoe buckles. He 
 was married the second time. His will, dated November 10, 1797, 
 named his wife, Ann, and two daughters, Susanna, married to Samuel 
 Wright, (grandfather of Samuel Wright, of Columbia, Pennsylvania,) 
 Catherine, unmarried, and three grandchildren, John Lowdon Stake, 
 Charlotte and Catherine Stake. He left an annuity to his brother, 
 Richard, who died unmarried. Captain Lowdon's children by his 
 first wife were, Margaret, Susan, James, Patience, and Catherine. 
 Margaret married J. Stake ; Susan, Samuel Wright, above named ; 
 their child, the late John L. Wright. Margaret's children were 
 Charlotte and Catherine. Charlotte married J. Quest ; Catherine, 
 A. Chenowith. Lowdon Stake never married, and that name be- 
 came extinct. Captain Lowdon's remains were conveyed down the 
 river to Columbia, and buried there in the old burying-ground. 
 Mrs. Wright, mother of William Wright, of Harlem, Stephenson 
 county, Illinois, and daughter of the late Paschal Lewis, of Buffalo 
 Valley, now in her eighty-first year, says her father and mother went 
 part of the way, the day of the funeral, from Lowdon's house to the 
 river, or possibly to Penn's creek; that after Captain Lowdon's 
 death, his slaves were brought over from his farm and left, part of 
 them at Robert Barber's and part at her father's, to stay until such 
 time as Robert Barber was ready to start down with a raft or ark. 
 He took them to Columbia in that way. They had been slaves pre- 
 vious to 1780, and the young ones were still in their apprenticeship, 
 and as his estate was bound to take care of the older ones, Samuel 
 Wright, his son-in-law, set apart forty acres for their habitation 
 and maintenance, on the east side of Columbia, back of the river. 
 Among these were Chloe and Phillis. Chloe was a regular Congo. 
 PhiUis died a few years ago, aged one hundred and five. This was 
 the beginning of the famous Tow Hill, so well known to Maryland 
 and Virginia slave hunters as the refuge of their slaves. [William 
 Wright's letter, 1871.] John C. Watson said, the day of Captain 
 Lowdon's funeral the creek rose very high, and they could not get 
 over with the coffin, when " Mel," Colonel Clarke's slave, shouldered 
 the coffin and went over the foot-log with it. 
 
'l'i^^"'-^ft^- 
 
 x^'<^*^-P^^^^^^^^^tt^?i«-^ 
 
 ""^7^ 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 >T 
 
 1799 
 
 Hartleton — Sketch of Colonel Thomas Hartley — Lists of Taxables 
 — Martin Dkeisbach — Thomas Wilson. 
 
 NDREW GREGG, Member of Congress. Samuel Dale 
 and Samuel Maclay, Senators. Jacob Fulmer and Si- 
 mon Snyder, members of the House. Henry Spyker, 
 commissioned Justice of the Peace for East Buffalo, 
 March 9 ; John Cummings, Beaver, December 6. 
 
 Hartleton was laid out by Colonel Thomas Hartley, who owned 
 the site and a considerable body of land around it. His first deed 
 for a lot is dated March 28, 1799. There is no plan of the place 
 on record. Colonel Hartley was a distinguished lawyer, born near 
 Reading, September 7, 1748, admitted at York, July 25, 1769. 
 He was lieutenant colonel of sixth Pennsylvania battalion, Colo- 
 nel William Irvine, and commanded the battalion after Colonel 
 Irvine's capture at Three Rivers. The anonymous letters published 
 in Force's Archives, describing this campaign, were written by Col- 
 onel Hartley. This battalion served one year. There were two 
 additional regiments to the Pennsylvania line raised in the State in 
 1777, whose officers were to be appointed by General Washington. 
 Colonel Hartley was appointed to one, and commanded, tempora- 
 rily, a brigade at Brandywine. In 1778, his regiment was ordered 
 into the West Branch valley. On the 13th of January, 1779, it 
 was combined with the other additional regiment, Colonel John 
 Patton's, under the name of eleventh, the old eleventh having been 
 broken up; whereupon, February 13, Colonel Hartley retired from 
 service, and Lieutenant Colonel Adam Hubley succeeded to the 
 
 316 
 
1799.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 317 
 
 command of the eleventh. In 1783 he was a memb'er of the Coun- 
 cil of Censors; in 1787, of the State Convention. In 1788, he 
 was elected to Congress, and continued a member until his death, 
 December 21, 1800. He died at York, aged fifty-three, and is 
 buried in St. John's church-yard there. He left two children, Charles 
 William Hartley, some time prothonotary of York county, and 
 Eleanor, married to Doctor James Hall, afterward physician to the 
 lazaretto, at Philadelphia. 
 
 Among Taxables in White Deer — Awl, John ; Bennage, George ; 
 Baughner, William ; Bellman, George ; Bennage, John ; Bower, 
 Moses ; Covert, Isaac ; Covert, John ; Gottshall, Michael ; Linn, 
 Charles ; Nees, Henry ; Orr, John ; Oliphant, Andrew ; Rauthraff, 
 Henry ; Sheetz, Jacob. 
 
 Single men — Chamberlin, Tenbrooke ; Davis, Stephen ; Luther, 
 John ; Stahl, George ; and Rank, Adam. 
 
 In West Buffalo — Christopher Johnston is taxed with grist and 
 saw-mill; Peter Rote, grist and saw-mill ; Burrows, Aaron; Betz, 
 Adam, tavern-keeper ; McClelland, James, miller at Barber's White 
 Springs. He was a great joker, and his fun was still current among 
 the old people when I began these Annals. Saunders, Henry ; 
 Shively, Christian, son of John ; Webb, George, hatter ; Wilt, 
 Adam; Wilt, George. 
 
 In East Buffalo — Auple, Conrad ; Baker, Wendell, two mills ; 
 Barber, Joseph, blacksmith ; Beatty, Ann, widow ; Betzer, Conrad, 
 cordwainer ; Betting, Joseph ; Boyles, William ; Breyvogel, Jacob ; 
 Christie, James ; Collin, John ; Cook, John, cabin ; Cornelius, 
 John; Coser, Andrew; Ewing, Joshua; Eyer, John; Frederick, 
 George, inn-keeper ; Gross, Jacob ; Hudson, William, mason ; 
 Kinney, Martin ; Lehman, Tobias, two mills ; McKinley, Hugh ; 
 Ness, Jonathan ; Nevel, Nicholas ; Oldt, John ; Poeth, Joseph ; 
 Sherer, William, weaver ; Shout, Adam, shoe-maker ; Strayhorn, 
 Nathaniel ; St. Clair, John ; Taylor, James Graham ; Taylor, Wil- 
 liam, tailor ; Truitt, Andrew ; Watkins, Joseph, weaver ; Wetzel, 
 Jacob ; Whitmer, Peter, blacksmith ; Wigton, John ; Wilson, Hugh, 
 (Ridge;) Wright, John; Wolfe, Michael; Young, Jacob; Zeih- 
 rung, John. 
 
 Philip Callahan was one of the principal school-teachers in the 
 
ji8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1799. 
 
 Valley. He had a large account at Henry Spyker's store for whisky 
 and tobacco. 
 
 The difficulty between Reverend Hugh Morrison and Honorable 
 Samuel Maclay terminated in a suit for slander. Morrison vs. 
 Maclay, loi August term; Evan R. Evans for plaintiff, Messrs. 
 Moore, Cooper, and Roberts for defendant. It was regularly con- 
 tinued until 1 817, when the clients and most of the lawyers had 
 appeared before another bar. 
 
 George Frederick started the first hotel at Buffalo Cross-Roads. 
 
 In 1799, Miflfiinburg was the largest town in the Valley. Its resi- 
 dents were Ayers, James, shoe-maker ; Bartges, Michael, nailor ; 
 Barton, Kimber, tavern-keeper ; Black, William, shoe-maker ; Car- 
 mony, John, shoe -maker; Carothers, Moses; Clarlc, Daniel, tanner; 
 Clark, Adam, jobber ; Collins, Michael, jobber ; Crotzer, John, 
 carpenter ; Crotzer, Jacob, tailor ; Derr Christian, joiner ; Dreis- 
 bach, John, gunsmith; Earnhart, John, blacksmith; Eilert, Chris- 
 topher, farmer; Ely, John, clock-maker; Evans, Nathan, saddler; 
 Forster, James, tavern-keeper; George, Simon, laborer; Getgen, 
 Ludwig, mason; Gibbons, John, joiner; Hassenplug, Henry, 
 brewer; Herring, Adam; Herrington, Nathan, cooper; Holmes, 
 Robert, store-keeper; Holmes, Jonathan, jobber; Irvine, John, 
 store-keeper ; Layman, Michael, joiner ; Eighty, John, tanner ; 
 Longabaugh, Henry, laborer; Moss, Patrick, jobber; Neel, Henry, 
 tailor ; Paget, George, school-teacher ; Patterson, John ; Patton, 
 Andrew, wheelwright ; Peters, Philip, carter ; Rockey, Jacob ; 
 Rote, Widow; Rudy, Nicholas, tailor; Russ, Charles; Russ, George, 
 tailor; Sampsel, Nicholas, wheelwright; Shock, Michael, carpenter; 
 Shock, Jacob, blacksmith ; Skiles, James ; Van Buskirk, Richard, 
 tavern-keeper ; Wagner, Christopher, farmer ; Webb, John, hatter ; 
 Welker, Jacob, tailor; Welker, William, jobber; Young, Peter, 
 shoemaker ; Youngman, Elias ; Youngman, George, post-master ; 
 Youngman, Thomas, store-keeper. 
 
 Additional Taxables in Penn's — Adams, John, weaver; Ander- 
 son, Jacob, inn-keeper; Auple, Peter, inn-keeper; Balliet, Nicholas, 
 tanner ; Bard, Jacob, skin-dresser ; Berger, Bostian, weaver ; Berry, 
 John, potter ; Beyer, Christian, carpenter ; Bleiler, David, mill- 
 wright; Bloom, Henry, weaver; Bowersox, George A., mason; 
 Bower, Philip, inn-keeper; Boyer, John, blacksmith; Bryan, George, 
 
1799.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 319 
 
 tailor; Bucher, John, blacksmith; Bull, Nicholas, tailor; Bum, 
 Peter, saw-mill; Clymer, Isaac, shoemaker; Cooper, Martin, cooper; 
 Dauberman, John, carpenter; Deitz, Jacob, blacksmith; Engel, 
 George, weaver; Epler, John, nailor; Esterhn, Frederick, carpenter; 
 Etzweiler, George, potter ; Filman, John, weaver ; Fisher, Peter, 
 weaver- Frey, David, shoe-maker; Fuehrer, Joseph, tobacconist; 
 Gaughler, Nicholas, gunsmith; Gemberling, Jacob, nailor; Gem- 
 berling, George, carpenter; Giltner, Christian, carpenter; Grove, 
 Richard, saddler; Grub, John, carpenter; Hackenberg, John, car- 
 penter; Hager, John, died; Haines, John and George, wheelwrights; 
 Harland, Thomas, miller; Holtzapple, Henry, miller; Hummel, 
 Jacob, distiller; Hummel, Frederick, shoe-maker; Kelly, John, 
 carpenter; Kratzer, Benjamin, shoe-maker; Kreider, Isaac, carpen- 
 ter; Kuhn, Jacob, weaver; Leist, Andrew, mason; Long, Peter, 
 shoe-maker; Maurer, John, nailor; Merkel, George, turner; Meyer, 
 John, son of Stephen, shoe-maker; Meyer, Jacob, son of Stephen, 
 tailor; Miller, George, tailor; Neaman, Peter, fiddler; Nelson, 
 John, tailor; Oberdorf, Henry, mason; Oswald, John, tailor; Row, 
 John and Frederick, masons; Rupp, George, carpenter; Shearer, 
 Andrew, blacksmith; Shock, Jacob, blacksmith; Snyder, John, 
 tailor; Snyder, George, shoe-maker; Snyder, George, inn-keeper; 
 Snyder, Simon, junior, inn-keeper; Spade, George, mason; Straw, 
 Andrew, hatter ; Stump, Jacob, shoe-maker ; Wales, James, mill- 
 wright; Weiser, Benjamin, tailor; Weikel, Christian, tailor; Werhn, 
 Michael, ferry and saw-mill ; Westman, Jacob, carpenter ; Witten- 
 moyer, Michael, clock-maker; Wolf, Philip, millwright; Yoder, 
 Henry, carpenter ; Yoder, Jacob, potter. 
 
 Beaver, additional Residents, &-c. — Aurand, Daniel; Barlet, Ja- 
 cob ; Blompon, Conrad, mill ; Cummings, John ; Fry, Jacob and 
 Abraham; Gilman, Henry; Grosscope, Samuel; Heil, Daniel; 
 Howell, John, fulling-mill; Lehr, William; Manning, Richard; Mid- 
 dlesworth, John ; Miller, John ; Peters, Jacob ; Reigeldorf, Adam ; 
 Romig, Joseph, mills; Rote, Jacob and John; Smith, Adam; Steele, 
 Adam ; Sterninger, Dewalt ; Wise, John, miller; Zerns, Jacob, paper 
 mill. 
 
 Single Men— Uoyn, Henry, in a store with Henry Aurand ; Kern, 
 Adam; Kern, Peter; Mussina, Zacharias ; Weber, John. 
 
 At the October election, Thomas McKean received, in Northum- 
 
320 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1799. 
 
 berland county, 2,997 votes; James Ross, of Pittsburgh, 637 for 
 Governor. Jacob Fulmer and Simon Snyder were the two highest 
 candidates for Assembly, Fulmer havmg 3,569 ; Snyder, 3,047, 
 
 ' Deaths. 
 
 On the 1 8th of February, Martin Dreisbach, senior, aged eighty- 
 two. He emigrated from Germany in 1752, and came into Buffalo 
 Valley in 1773, having purchased from Doctor William Plunket the 
 tract still owned by the Dreisbachs. He left four sons, Henry, Jacob, 
 John, and Martin, junior. Henry went to Ohio in the year 1804, 
 and laid out the town of Circleville. Jacob died on John Dunkle's 
 farm. John lived and died at Mififlinburg. George, Ellis, and John 
 were his sons. Martin, junior, died at his place, near the church. 
 Martin, senior, was of the German Reformed faith, and donated seven 
 acres of his place for church and grave-yard purposes. " The Dreis- 
 bach Church" will be his memorial in all future time. One of his 
 daughters married Henry Aurand ; another, Peter Fisher. Honor- 
 able Martin Dreisbach, (third,) and Honorable John Dreisbach, for- 
 merly of the State Legislature, are of his grandchildren. 
 
 Philip Stahl, of White Deer. (He was a brother of Jacob.) His 
 children were John, Jacob, Philip, and Peter. 
 
 Thomas Wilson. 
 
 February 23, Thomas Wilson, of East Buffalo. He lived on the 
 Meixell place, (fair ground.) His grandfather was the first to pass 
 the Boyne, when William of Orange defeated the Irish Papists. For 
 his services he drew two hundred and sixty acres of land. He resided 
 within a mile of Coats' Hill, county town of Cavan, in the north of 
 Ireland. He owned a large body of land there, having sixty tenants. 
 His son Thomas had but one child, Hugh, to whom his estates de- 
 scended. The latter disliked living among the Papists so much, that 
 he sold his estates, and came to America, and finally settled in the 
 forks of the Delaware. Hugh bought twelve hundred acres of land 
 of the Aliens, but lost six hundred, a superior title intervening. His 
 farm in Northampton was owned, in 1844, by a man named Levan, 
 had mills upon it, and is very valuable. In 1737, he, with Colonel 
 
1799.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 321 
 
 Martin, laid out the town of Easton, and, with Judge Craig, organ- 
 ized and held the first court held in Northampton county, in 1752. 
 He left a large family. 
 
 I. William Wilson, a merchant, in Philadelphia. He went to the 
 West Indies, and died there. 2. Ann, married to Reverend Mc- 
 Reynolds, of Deep Run, Presbyterian preacher. 3. Elizabeth, mar- 
 ried to Captain William Craig. 4. Charles, father of Judge Hugh 
 Wilson, of the Ridge, some of whose grandchildren are still in 
 the Valley : Robert, a merchant at Mifflinburg ; Charles, a grand- 
 son, is baggage-master on the Pennsylvania road, at Altoona. 5. 
 Samuel. 6. Margaret, married to McNair. 7. Francis, went bacl^: 
 to the old country, and returned an Episcopal minister ; settled near 
 Mount Vernon, taught in General Lee's family, and was intimate in 
 General Washington's family. His family called him ' ' Aun Boyne," 
 to remind him that he had made too great concessions in becoming 
 anEpiscopahan. 8. Thomas Wilson, whose death we are recording. 
 He was twelve or thirteen years of age, when his father, Hugh, moved 
 his family to America, making their emigration about 1730. He 
 spent a great deal of his means purchasing flour, and forwarding it 
 to the revolutionary army. He was paid in Continental money, and 
 his loss on its depreciation was about seven thousand dollars, which 
 reduced his circumstances very materially. He sold out his place 
 in Northampton, moved to the Susquehanna, and bought the place 
 now owned (1877) by Joseph Meixell's heirs, about one half mile 
 from Lewisburg, where he died. His grave is under the steps of 
 the Presbyterian church. It was not disturbed by the building, but 
 the tombstones of himself and his son Francis, were removed to the 
 Wilson lot, iA the Lewisburg cemetery. His widow, whose name 
 before marriage was Elizabeth Hayes, moved, in 1803, with her sons, 
 William and Thomas, to Beaver county, where she died in 181 8. 
 Their children were Hugh, father of Francis Wilson ; Sarah, mar- 
 ried to Richard Fruit, moved to Mercer county, died in the spring 
 of 1 844 ; Eliazbeth, married to James Duncaa, of Aaronsburg ; she 
 died in 1797 \ Mary, married to Jonathan Coulter, sheriff of Beaver 
 county; William Wilson, died in Beaver, 1841; James Wilson, at- 
 torney-at-law, died in New Orleans, 1 800 ; Margaret Wilson, mar- 
 ried John Thomas, storekeeper, at Hartley, moved to Beaver ; 
 Thomas Wilson, of Beaver, who died 6th July, i860, aged eighty- 
 21 
 
322 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1800. 
 
 five years; Colonel Joseph H. Wilson, of the one hundred and first 
 Pennsylvania, who died near White House, Virginia, July ii, 1862, 
 was his son. He had been district attorney of Beaver county, and a 
 member of the Legislature. Thomas Wilson left ten children, resid- 
 ing in Beaver county. 
 
 1800. 
 
 Inhabitants of New Berlin and Lewisburg — Sketches of the NoRTnuM- 
 
 BEELAND CoUNTY BaR DaNIEL SmITH, EvAN RiCE EvANS, ChARLES HaLL, 
 
 &c. 
 
 OVERNOR, Thomas McKean. Members, Simon Snyder, 
 
 Jacob Fulmer. September 24, Daniel Levy, Esquire, 
 
 commissioned Prothonotary, &c., vice Jasper Ewing, 
 
 deceased. October 23, Henry Vanderslice commissioned 
 
 Sheriff. Brigade Inspector, Frederick Lazarus. 
 
 List of Inhabitants of New Berlin in 1 800. 
 
 Beatty, William; Beatty, Hugh; Berger, Philip, potter; Clark, 
 John; Cook, James; Gill, Isaac; Grove, George, saddkr ; Herman, 
 Philip, carpenter; Myer, George, weaver; Myer, George, tailor; 
 Overmyer, Philip; Parks, James, Esquire, store -keeper ; Rearick," 
 William ; Rethrow, Jacob ; Seebold, Christopher ; Smith, Peter, 
 sailor ; Spaight, Adam ; Trester, Martin, carpenter ; Wagoner, An- 
 drew, inn-keeper. 
 
 List of Inhabitants of Lewisburg in 1800. 
 
 Albright, Andrew, inn-keeper; Beatty, John; Black, James; Bole, 
 Samuel, weaver; Byers, Charles; Clark, George, store-keeper; 
 Dreisbach Jacob; Endsworth, Andrew, saddler; Evans, Joseph, 
 
1800.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 323 
 
 joiner; Fairchild, Caleb, blacksmith; Grove, Adam.; Kemmel, 
 Lawrence, tinsmith; Knox, George, tanner; Lawshe, John, tavern; 
 Leisenring, John, potter ; McLaughlin, Hugh, tailor ; Metzgar, 
 Daniel, saddler ; Metzgar, George, hatter ; Metzgar, John, store- 
 keeper ; Miller, Valentine; Park, Thomas, tanner; Pollock, John, 
 store-keeper ; Pollock, William, tailor ; Reed, Christian, joiner ; 
 Shaffer, Mathias, carpenter ; Shearer, Richard, store-keeper ; Spyker, 
 Henry, store-keeper; Stedman, WilHam, inn-keeper, Strickland, 
 Timothy, carpenter; Troxel, Abraham; Wilson, Hugh, store-keeper. 
 
 List of Single Freejnen in East Buffalo, in 1800. 
 
 Anderson, Samuel; Baker, Jacob, fuller; Betzer, Peter, weaver 
 Bolender, George ; Bracken, James ; Callahan, Patrick ; Callahan 
 Philip ; Dale, Samuel ; Deratt, Daniel ; Dreisbach, Martin ; Finess 
 John ; Forster John ; Forster, William ; Frantz, John, cordwainer 
 Frantz, Jacob, weaver ; Frederick, George ; Hafer, Lewis ; Hartley 
 Thomas, carpenter ; Hays, Philip, junior ; Hayes, William ; Hayes 
 Patrick ; Keeth, Andrew ; McClay, William ; McClosky, William 
 McQuhae, William; Markle, John, blacksmith; Morton, John 
 Nickle, John ; Pollock, Edward ; Price, John, store-keeper ; Reedy 
 Conrad ; Russell, Alexander ; Slater, Peter ; Smith, Benjamin 
 Spyker, Peter ; Stahl, John, wheelwright ; Thompson, James ; Ward 
 Thomas ; Ward, William ; Wise, John ; Wise, Daniel ; Wolf, John 
 Yentzer, Christian. 
 
 Sketches of the Northumberland Bar, by Charles Miner. 
 
 " Daniel Smith, Esquire, a tall, delicate looking gentleman, always 
 elegantly dressed. He turns pale and actually trembles as he rises 
 to speak. You are interested by such exceeding modesty, and half 
 fear he will not be able to go on. His voice breaks sweetly on the 
 ear, and words of persuasive wisdom begin to flow, and now pour 
 along in a rapid torrent. Ah! that is eloquence." He graduated 
 at Princeton in 1787. 
 
 " Evan Rice Evans, a heavy, stout gentleman, with a large head 
 and florid complexion. His delivery rapid ; his words crowd upon 
 each other as sometimes to choke utterance. He talks good sense. 
 Why should he not ? His head has more law in it than half a mod- 
 
324 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1800. 
 
 ern library. He is a powerful advocate, with a good fee and an 
 intricate case." He died in 1811. His daughter married Hugh 
 Brady, Esquire, son of William P., of Indiana count/. 
 
 "Charles Hall, Esquire. A very handsome man. His dress is 
 rich, ruffles neatly plaited. Slow, distinct, and very pleasant in 
 speaking. He prepares with care, and argues his cause with excel- 
 lent skill." He came from Lancaster county. His wife was a Cole- 
 man, owning a great estate, still called the Hall farms, above Muncy. 
 
 " Honorable Thomas Cooper. Short round figure, stooping for- 
 ward \ has a florid, high, English countenance and complexion. 
 His forte is to seize two or three strong points, and present them 
 forcibly to the court and jury. He never wearies by long speeches ; 
 never uses a word, or an illustration, or an argument that is not to 
 the purpose \ a man of extraordinary endowments and of most dis- 
 tinguished genius." From John Binns' Autobiography I take some 
 notices: When I came first to Northumberland, September i, 1802, 
 there then resided Doctor Joseph Priestly, son, and family, and 
 Thomas Cooper, Esquire, afterwards president judge in that district, 
 and also president of the State College of South Carolina. He was 
 fined and imprisoned for libel on President John Adams. The fine, 
 with interest, was, on a petition of Doctor Cooper, refunded by a 
 vote of Congress, many years afterwards, I think when General 
 Jackson was President. The doctor wielded a powerful pen in favor 
 of the general's election, and he was a man who rarely forgot to 
 repay both partisans and opponents. Before Judge Cooper came 
 to this country, he accompanied Mr. Watt, of steam engine memory, 
 to Paris, and they took their seats in the French convention as rep- 
 resentatives of the Manchester Philosophical Society. In 1820, 
 Doctor Cooper resided in Philadelphia, as professor of chemistry 
 in the University of Pennsylvania, and was a member of a club, 
 with John Binns, which met every Monday evening at each other's 
 houses. While here, he published his " Jurisprudence," and his 
 edition of the "Institutes of Justinian." Binns says the first breach 
 in their club was made by the removal of Doctor Cooper to South 
 Carolina. His extensive knowledge, wit, and good humor were 
 sufficient to instruct and enliven any society. His literary and 
 scientific knowledge were of world-wide fame. His reply to 
 "Burke's Invective" was inferior to no answer that was published. 
 
1800.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 325 
 
 It took rank with those of Paine and Mackintosh. At the time he 
 was printing that book, William Y. Birch was apprentice to the pub- 
 lisher. He said, when Cooper stepped in to correct the proof, the 
 printer would say, "We want more copy, sir," and Cooper would 
 set down and write two or three sheets, and hand it to the printer 
 without reading, much less correcting. He had a heart as warm 
 and capacious as his mind was richly stored. He was my ardent 
 and faithful friend for a period of nearly half a century. I have 
 his 'portrait, taken when ninety years of age. He was a chemist of 
 no common caliber ; admirable in compounding sauces and gravies, 
 and enjoyed them very much. He was somewhat of a gourmand, 
 yet he was never idle, and lived to the very advanced age of ninety- 
 eight or ninety-nine, cheerful and polite to his last days. 
 
 Miner mentions Daniel Levy, Thomas Duncan, and Charles Hus- 
 ton, but makes no particular note of them. Daniel Levy was the 
 survivor of these old-style lawyers, who always dressed in broad- 
 cloth, wore queues, gold watch seals, and were eminently dignified 
 and respectful. 
 
 October 14. Bishop Newcomer again visits the Valley. " Crossed 
 the West Branch at Northumberland with a great deal of trouble, 
 and reached the house of Abraham Eyerly after dark. Next day 
 he went to Brother Aurand's, where a great many people had col- 
 lected and he and Brother David Snyder addressed them. On i6th, 
 preached at John Rank's, in White Deer. 17th, at John Baer's. 
 1 8th, sacrament at Martin Dreisbach's ; rode twenty miles through 
 the rain to get there. Held class meeting, and had a happy time. 
 Text on Sunday, 19th, "For the time is come when judgment must 
 begin at the house of God." Preached at Mr. Dreisbach's in the 
 evening ; next day, at Mr. Walter's, and at night at a poor man's 
 house, on Middle creek." 
 
 At the presidential election in 1800, parties were clearly defined 
 under the names of Federalists and Democrats. 
 
 Kimber Barton, who lived at Mifflinburg, was assessor of United 
 States taxes. The tax on window glass was very unpopular. The 
 assessor had to go to each house and count the panes. Before he 
 arrived, some people went to the trouble of taking out their glass 
 and putting in paper. John Bower, father of Thomas Bower, of 
 Middleburg, was married to a sister of Kimber Barton. 
 
326 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1801. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Jasper Ewing, attorney-at-law, and late prothono'tary of the 
 county, died. He was from Lancaster county. His library he left 
 to his four nieces, daughters of General Edward Hand, of Lan- 
 caster ; his fees to his nephews, John and Jesse Hand, together with 
 his gun, fishing rod, and gold watch ; his cane to Charles Hall, Es- 
 quire. 
 
 He was adjutant of the first Pennsylvania, Colonel Hand, in 
 July, 1776. In April, 1777, when Hand was promoted brigadier, 
 and appointed to the command of the Western department, Ewing 
 went -with him to Fort Pitt, as brigade major, and served as such 
 during the years i 777-1778. 
 
 1801. 
 
 Rejoicing at Jefferson's Election — Condition of the Reformed Church 
 IN THE Valley. 
 
 EMBERS of Congress, Andrew Gregg and John A. 
 Hanna. Senators, Samuel Maclay and James Harris. 
 Act of February 27, reduced the number to one. Mem- 
 bers, Jacob Fulmer, Jesse Moore, Samuel Dale, and 
 Simon Snyder. July 18, William Montgomery appointed Associate, 
 vice Thomas Strawbridge, resigned. County Commissioners, John 
 Metzgar, John Frick, and Abrani McKinney. 
 
 February 27, Apportionment bill allows Northumberland one 
 Senator and four members. Taxables, four thousand seven hundred 
 and forty-four. 
 
 Additio7ial Residents of East Buffalo — Robinson, William, John 
 Lawshe, keeping the " Pennsylvania Arms," at Lewisburg. 
 
 Additions to White Deer Township — Clingan, William, Esquire ; 
 
1801.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 327 
 
 Cornelius, James; Espy, John, shoe-maker; Hafer, Lewis; Iredell, 
 Seth, miller at White Deer mills; Linn, David; Long, Joseph; Lutz, 
 Jacob ; Lutz, Samuel ; McGinnes, John ; McGinnes, James ; Marr, 
 David; Saryey, Christiaii; Shuck, Andrew; Stillwell, Joseph; 
 Weikel, George. 
 
 George Wilt, of Cumberland county, bought the Narrows property 
 of Michael Shirtz. His sons, Adam and George, came up and built 
 a new mill, and jointly kept the hotel, afterwards kept by Roushs, 
 Stitzers, &c. Adam Wilt and John Fisher, who formerly lived on 
 Esquire Lincoln's place, ran arks out of Penn's creek, from 1810 to 
 1 81 8. Adam was the first man that ran Conewago falls with an ark, 
 successfully. Products of the Valley then went down in the shape 
 of whisky, linseed oil, &c. 
 
 March 4, a meeting was held at Bethuel Vincent's, in Milton, to 
 celebrate the inauguration of Thomas Jefferson. Colonel Kelly's 
 toast was : " May this be the happy day to unite the hearts of all 
 true Americans in their duty to God and our illustrious President. ' ' 
 This year the road from Jenkins' mill to where it joins the Mifflin- 
 burg and Lewisburg road, was laid out by Abraham Eyerly and 
 Daniel Rees. 
 
 Richard Sherer, postmaster at Lewisburg, advertises that the Phila- 
 delphia mail arrived at Northumberland every Saturday at two, P. m., 
 and returned on Sunday at six, a. m. 
 
 The following sketch, taken from Doctor Harbaugh's Fathers, re- 
 lates, of course, to the Reformed portion of Dreisbach church: 
 
 The Buffalo church, now called Dreisbach, had, for some time, 
 been in a very distracted condition, having the irregular attention 
 of the irregular Pfruemer, called Frommer, but was, for the most 
 part, closed entirely. The young men were growing up without 
 adequate spiritual instruction, and the old members having passed 
 through scenes of strife, had grown, to a great degree, indifferent. 
 Seeing, however, at length, that religious matters were tending in a 
 bad way, they awoke and saw that something must be done. Re- 
 formed ministers being at that time few, and difficult to be secured, 
 they thought they saw in Deitrich Aurand, who was still on his 
 farm, a man who could be useful among them as a Reformed minis- 
 ter. About the beginning of the year 1801 they came together, 
 and unanimously and very cordially agreed to call upon him to 
 
328 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1801. 
 
 preach a sermon in that church, which he consented to do. The 
 appointment was made. The day arrived. The people assembled 
 in great numbers. The pews, the galleries, the isles, the doors, the 
 lower windows, and even the grove in front of the church were 
 crowded with listeners, anxious to hear the new preacher. Some, 
 no doubt, came from motives of curiosity, but the greater portion 
 were there with a true desire to hear the Gospel. " Never," says an 
 eye witness, "^'have I seen a multitude so eager to hear the words of 
 life." The sermon ended, he came down from the pulpit, and 
 standing in the altar, he was soon surrounded by the "ancient men " 
 of the church, who earnestly desired him to make another appoint- 
 ment. The congregation, having, in the meantime, stood still, he 
 announced that he would preach again as desired, appointing the 
 time. 
 
 The second sermon was attended by a still greater multitude of 
 people, some coming from a distance of ten and fifteen miles. The 
 day was pleasant. The organ, long silent, had been repaired by the 
 skillful hands of Mr. John Betz, the school-master, and was made to 
 accompany the hymns by Stophel Aupel. The theme of the preacher 
 was the astonishing love of Jesus Christ, in condescending to come 
 into the world to save sinners. The absolute necessity of timely 
 preparation to meet death was earnestly and pathetically urged upon 
 all present. Towards the conclusion, different classes were separately 
 addressed and exhorted. The young were asked how the hope for 
 a blissful eternity stood with them ? and they were entreated to seek 
 the Lord early, and remember their Creator in the days of their 
 youth. Then the preacher turned to those in middle life, and in 
 words of melting tenderness and burning zeal, were they warned 
 against delay, and urged to flee from the wrath to come. Finally 
 he turned to the aged, among whom sat his own venerable father, 
 crying with the deepest feeling. Oh ! you who are hoary-headed, how 
 stands the matter between you and your God ? You stand already 
 with one foot in the grave, and in a few more days Avill sink into it, 
 and have no more any portion forever in all that is done under the 
 sun. You have, through a long life, enjoyed the mercies and favors 
 of your kind Heavenly Father. Have you served Him with full sub- 
 mission to His will, and loved Him supremely? and have you the 
 assurance that you are reconciled to Him, through His dear Son 
 
1801.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 32g 
 
 Jesus Christ ? If so, oh ! then it will be well with you. But, if this has 
 not been done, oh ! then, I now entreat you, as you value the ever- 
 lasting rest and peace of your souls, do not delay, but accept the 
 offers of mercy in Christ, our dear Redeemer. " Such," says one 
 who was present, "was the spirit and substance, and such, as near 
 as I can recollect, even the closing words of this never-to-be-forgotten 
 sermon. It made a deep impression upon me as a youth, and I re- 
 member distinctly of having seen his own father, and such men as 
 the Dreisbachs, the Dunkels, the Barnharts, the Betzs, the Good- 
 mans, and others, bathed in tears. " 
 
 He was unanimously elected pastor, and the congregation of New 
 Berlin joined with them in the call, which he agreed to accept. He 
 had been licensed by the "Brethren," but was not yet ordained or 
 even licensed by the Synod. He began, however, to catechise in 
 the Dreisbach church, and large numbers attended, whom he con- 
 firmed, baptizing such as had not been. " Never since that day, " 
 says an aged eye-witness, "have I witnessed such solemnity and 
 strong feeling as on that day of the consecration of those youth, and 
 the next day at communion." 
 
 On the 3d of May the Synod met at York, and a request was 
 made by the congregations of Buffalo Valley and New Berlin for the 
 examination and ordination of Mr. Aurand. The matter, however, 
 was deferred, principally at his own request, until he might improve 
 himself. He, however, continued to preach to the congregations of 
 Buffalo Valley and New Berlin, until his removal to Huntingdon 
 county, in October, 1804, where he founded the congregation of 
 Water street. He died near there, on the 24th of April, 1831, aged 
 seventy years five months and sixteen days, and is buried in front 
 of Zion's church, at Water street. 
 
 November 1 1 , Reverend Hugh Morrison regularly dismissed from 
 the Presbyterian congregation at Buffalo Cross-Roads. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 September 27, by William Irwin, Esquire, Jacob D. Breyvogel, 
 printer, of Sunbury, to Susanna Baldy, daughter of Colonel Chris- 
 topher Baldy, of Buffalo. 
 
 November 19, by Reverend Bryson, William Kirk, of Turbut, to 
 
330 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1801. 
 
 Miss Jane Knox, of Lewisburg, and Daniel Dreisbach, merchant, to 
 Katy Dreisbach, both of Lewisburg, "Whosoever findeth a good 
 wife findeth a good thing, and obtaineth favor of the Lord." 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 Sunday, September 20, Colonel Frederick Antes, of Northumber- 
 land, died at Lancaster, buried in the German Reformed church- 
 yard. John Thompson, of Buffalo, died. His children, James, 
 Benjamin, Rachel Lincoln, Susanna Patterson, and Sarah Piper. 
 John Reznor, West Buffalo, leaving a widow, Rebecca, and chil- 
 dren, John, George, Agnes, &c. 
 
 November 4, Mrs. Jean McClure, buried on the 5th, in the Pres- 
 byterian yard, Lewisburg. She left fourteen children, one hundred 
 and ten grandchildren, one hundred and forty-eight great-grand- 
 children, and four great-great-grandchildren; total, two hundred 
 and seventy-six. Thirty-six of them attended the funeral . She was 
 of an amiable, benevolent, and friendly disposition, and might be 
 called a true christian. — Kennedy'' s Gazette. 
 
i8o^. 
 
 Residents in Freeburg, Middleburg, &c. — St. Peter's Church, in 
 Kelly, and Ray's Church Built — Tabular Statement of Election 
 Returns — Death of Joseph G-reen. 
 
 ENATOR, SAMUEL MACLAY ; elected Speaker of the 
 Senate, December 7. On the 14th of December he was 
 elected United States Senator. Members, Jesse Moore, 
 Jacob Fulmer, Daniel Montgomery, and Simon Snyder. 
 County Treasurer, Christopher Dering. County Commissioner 
 elect, Flavel Roan. Andrew Albright, Postmaster, Lewisburg. 
 
 Hotels: Adam Wilt, Narrows ; Richard Van Buskirk, Youngmans- 
 town ; C. Baldy, Cross-Roads ; Isaac Latshaw, Lewisburg ; John 
 Metzgar, Andrew Albright, at the ferry. 
 
 Residents in Straubstown, or Freeburg. 
 
 Alspice, Doctor Henry ; Felmly, Jacob \ Hackenberg, Michael, 
 joiner; Long, Peter; Moore, Andrew; Moore, Philip; Myer, Mi- 
 chael ; Myer, Jacob, son of Stephen ; Myer, George ; Nagle, John ; 
 Reigert, Paul; Roush, John, tan-yard; Rupert, John; Schock, 
 Jacob ; Smith, John, weaver ; Straub, George, son of Peter ; Stump, 
 Abraham ; Weaver, Michael. 
 
 Swinefordstown — Aurand, John, joiner; Epler, John; Fry, 
 David, shoe-maker ; Fry, Jacob, senior ; Kennel, Mark ; Lechner, 
 Jacob, inn-keeper ; Leist, David ; Mertz, Isaac ; Mussina^ Zacha- 
 rias; Nelson, John; Smith, Martin, cooper; Smith, Robert ; Spade, 
 
 331 
 
332 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1802. 
 
 George ; Spade, David ; Swineford, George ; Weller, John ; Wiant, 
 Michael; Wittemyer, Michael, clock-maker. 
 
 Selinsgrove a?id Weisertown — Clymer, Isaac ; Drum, Charles ; 
 Dusing, John ; Etzweiler, George ; Fisher, Peter ; Four, Joseph, 
 weaver; Gaughler, Nicholas; Gemberling, Charles; Gettig, Fred- 
 erick; Good; Adam; Hegins, Charles, tavern; Hughes, Widow ; 
 Kemerer, Christian ; Krider, Isaac ; Laudenslager, Valentine, tavern; 
 Meyer, Widow ; Mewhorter, Henry, tanner ; Myer, Jacob ; New- 
 mauer, Michael ; Oberdorf, Henry ; Price, Thomas ; Rhoads, Fran- 
 cis; Rhoads, Henry; Rhoads, Daniel; Reim, Nicholas; Robins, 
 Alexander, tailor ; Roop, George ; Silverwood, James ; Snyder, 
 Simon ; Tryon, Frederick ; Ulrick, George. 
 
 Mahantango Township — Bergstresser, John, millwright ; Christ, 
 Valentine ; Derstein, Michael ; Gordon, Willis ; Hagerty, Robert ; 
 Heimback, George and Jacob ; Holtzapple, Widow ; Light, Adam ; 
 Richter, Widow ; Richter, John ; Stees, Frederick, adds fulling- 
 mill and smith shop ; Walter, Conrad. 
 
 Additional Residents in East Buffalo — Barbin, Joseph ; Bellman, 
 Henry; Benner, John; Bickle, Leonard; Billmyer, Jacob ; Bill- 
 myer, George; Brouse, Peter; Cummings, James; Coser, Andrew; 
 Dale, James ; Dale, Samuel, junior ; Dreisbach, John, gunsmith ; 
 Dreisbach, John, carpenter ; Elder, Robert, on John Kelly's place ; 
 Freeman, Widow, on John Wiggin's place ; Hull, Thomas, on 
 Conrad Reedy's place ; Irwin, Andrew ; Jodon, James, on Andrew 
 Struble's place ; Maclay, William P. ; Maclay, Charles ; Markley, 
 John, junior ; Messinger, John ; Reedy, Andrew ; Shoemaker, Jacob ; 
 Slough, Christian ; Tietsworth, Jacob, on Simington's place ; Wolfe, 
 George Wendell ; Winegarden, Peter ; Young, Abraham. 
 
 Lewisburg — Brice, John ; Donachy, John, weaver ; Franklin, 
 Daniel; Hartley, Thomas, carpenter; McKinty, Barney; Russell, 
 David, mason. 
 
 ' Neiv Berlin — Himmelreich, Peter ; Mussina, Zacharias ; Rem- 
 inger, Peter, shoe-maker ; Speddy, Jeremiah, shoe-maker. 
 
 White Deer — Armstrong, John, on Margaret Blythe's place ; 
 Bayard, Benjamin ; Blackeney, John ; Bowers, John ; Bowers, Bar- 
 bara, widow ; Criswell, Joseph ; Espy, John, shoe-maker ; Lawshe, 
 John, still-house, on George Derr's place; Marr, David, on Riddle's 
 place ; Servey, Christian ; Weikel, George. 
 
1802.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 333 
 
 Improvements — John Hoffman, saw-mill ; Seth Iredell, three- 
 story stone grist-mill, Anthony Morris having recovered the pro- 
 perty of the Widow Smith. The mill had two pair of overshot 
 wheels. A new saw-mill was added, stone dwelling-house and barn 
 were on the premises, and an excellent shad fishery. 
 
 West Buffalo — Baxter, Robert: Blunbaum, Conrad; Boop, John: 
 Boop, Davidson, George ; William ; Deal, Henry ; Deering, Christo- 
 pher ; Englehart, George ; Gill, Isaac, on Robert Barber's place ; 
 Gutelius, Frederick, cooper ; Heise, Solomon ; Imhoof, John 3 
 Leberick, George, tanner; Shultz, Daniel; Smith, Melchior, saw 
 and hemp-mill on Laurel run ; Spigelmoyer, John. The stone house 
 on Mather's place, in Limestone township, built. 
 
 Si. Peier's Church. 
 
 The church known as St. Peter's Lutheran church, in Kelly, was 
 built upon land donated by Philip Stahl. Jacob Lotz, his executor, 
 by deed, dated August 13, 1802, recorded at Sunbury, in deed book 
 L, pages 712-713, conveys to Christian Zerbe and George Reininger 
 seven acres and ninety-one perches, in Kelly to\\Tiship, in trust to 
 and for the use of building or erecting a school-house and a German 
 Lutheran church on the same, and for a burying-ground, by the fol- 
 lowing bounds and measures : beginning at a line of Henry Neese ; 
 thence S. ^Z^ W. 78, to a post; thence S. 2° E. 22, to a post; 
 thence N. 80° W. 80 perches, to a post; thence N. 2° W. 11, to 
 beginning. 
 
 Ray's Church. 
 
 Ray's church, in Lewis, was founded by a gift of one acre of land 
 by Mr. Ray. The first church was never finished. The timbers 
 furnished seats in the gallery up to the time of the building of the 
 new church. 
 
 September 24, Bishop Newcomer again visits the Valley, preached 
 in Youngmanstown and at Aurand's. 25th, quarterly meeting com- 
 menced at Martin Dreisbach's. Brother Kempt preached the first 
 discourse, and Brother Farley, a Methodist, spoke in English. 
 
 Republican standing committee, General William Montgomery, 
 
334 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1802. 
 
 Henry Vanderslice, Simon Snyder, Robert Giffen, and Christopher 
 Baldy. April 2, Northumberland, Lycoming, and Centre made a 
 congressional district. September 16, meeting of delegates at John 
 Metzgar's, in Lewisburg, John Barber, chairman. Nominated An- 
 drew Gregg for Congress. 
 
 Saturday, i8th. The following delegates met in convention at 
 Lewisburg, at Metzgar's hotel : Augusta, Charles Maus ; Shamokin, 
 Jesse Simpson \ Point, Robert Irwin ; Chillisquaque^ James Straw- 
 bridge ; Mahoning, Mathew Collum ; Penn's, Charles Drum; Derry, 
 George Langs; Turbut, Bethuel Vincent; West Buffalo, John Dreis- 
 bach ; East Buffalo, Andrew Albright ; White Deer, Andrew McLan- 
 achan. Thomas McKean nominated for Governor ; Samuel Maclay, 
 for Senator; Jesse Moore, Jacob Fulmer, John Bull, and Daniel 
 Montgomery, junior, for Assembly; Solomon Markley and John 
 Wilson for Coumiissioners. 
 
 ELECTION BETUIiNS, 1802. 
 
 
 GtOV'NB. 
 
 1 
 CON 
 
 1 
 
 SEN 
 
 03 
 
 ASSEMBLY. 
 
 DISTRICTS. 
 
 a 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 'CD 
 
 a 
 
 ft 
 
 
 
 02 
 OS 
 
 pel 
 
 ^ 
 
 <D 
 
 ^ 
 
 P=H 
 
 a 
 
 c 
 
 
 % 
 
 W 
 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 c3 
 
 •^ 
 
 cS 
 
 Ol 
 
 a 
 
 • 
 
 •M 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 1-5 
 
 189 
 
 GO 
 
 194 
 
 200 
 
 1-5 
 199 
 
 w 
 ISO 
 
 m 
 133 
 
 rji 
 
 i-s 
 
 Sunbury, 
 
 180 
 
 26| 
 
 12 87 
 
 Northumberland, . . . 
 
 133 
 
 35 
 
 152 
 
 153 
 
 I'lO 
 
 138 
 
 65 
 
 32 
 
 36 112 
 
 Buflfalo, 
 
 201 
 
 14 
 
 211 
 
 209 
 
 205 
 
 156 
 
 97 
 
 143 
 
 191i 5 
 
 West Buffalo, .... 
 
 19'! 
 
 17 
 
 210 
 
 210 
 
 206 
 
 203 
 
 11 
 
 74 
 
 79; 9 
 
 Berlin, 
 
 136, 1 
 
 136 
 
 139, 
 
 137 
 
 137 
 
 1 
 
 136 
 
 138' 1 
 
 Swineford, 
 
 119.... 
 
 121 
 
 129, 
 
 112 
 
 121 
 
 1 
 
 111 
 
 118 
 
 
 Bloom and Brier, . . . 
 
 95! 20 
 
 114 
 
 112' 
 
 112 
 
 20 
 
 108 
 
 102 
 
 
 111 
 
 Milton 
 
 347 
 
 21 
 
 356 
 
 352' 
 
 366 
 
 323 
 
 356 
 
 53 
 
 36 
 
 175 
 
 Selinsgrove, 
 
 231 
 
 9 
 
 232 
 
 234' 
 
 234 
 
 227 
 
 59 
 
 217 
 
 152 
 
 41 
 
 Mahanoy, 
 
 139 
 
 2 
 
 140 
 
 140' 
 
 134 
 
 140 
 
 74 
 
 45 
 
 101 
 
 52 
 
 Washington, 
 
 340 
 
 8 
 
 337 
 
 342 
 
 341 
 
 335 
 
 843 
 
 1.64 
 
 20 
 
 159 
 
 Catawissa, 
 
 66 63 
 
 100 
 
 111 
 
 118 
 
 125 
 
 125 
 
 4 
 
 
 121 
 
 MifElinburg, 
 
 63'.... 
 
 65 
 
 65 
 
 65 
 
 65 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 
 62 
 
 Beaver, 
 
 130'..., 
 
 130 
 
 130 
 
 130 
 
 130 
 
 
 130 
 
 129 
 
 
 Shamokin, 
 
 173 P 
 
 150 
 
 159 
 
 172 
 
 127 
 
 179 
 
 134 
 
 
 72 
 
 Fishing Creek and Green- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 wood, 
 
 96 4 
 
 99 
 
 96 
 
 106 
 
 101 
 
 106 
 
 55 
 
 42 
 
 
 Total, 
 
 2674 221 
 
 2746 
 
 2766 
 
 2778 
 
 2556 
 
 1749 
 
 1536 '1054 
 
 1 
 
 1007 
 
1802.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 335 
 
 For this schedule, and other poHtical statistics, I am indebted to 
 the papers of Flavel Roan, carefully preserved by the late Flavel 
 Clingan, of Kelly, his nephew. Flavel Roan was general scribe for 
 the Valley, clerked at the election meetings of return judges, wrote 
 the obituary and marriage notices, &c. 
 
 On settlement, Frederick Antes, late treasurer, allowed a credit of 
 ^15 2fi, paid for hanging Edward Jones. 
 
 December 22, Samuel Maclay presides at the trial of Judge Alex- 
 ander Addison. 
 
 23d-24th, a fire in the night occurred at Nesbit's, on the east side 
 of the river. It was noticed by Andrew Albright. The night was 
 fearfully cold, and, observing no one stirring at the house, he 
 mounted his horse and swam him, through the floating ice, across the 
 river, awakened the family, and thus saved them from destruction. 
 Barnaby McMaster, the weaver, lost his loom and all he had, barely 
 escaping with his life and family. 
 
 In November, Reverends Messrs. Graham and Moody preached 
 as supplied at Buffalo Cross-Roads church. 
 
 At November sessions, a road was laid out from Milton, by way 
 of the ferry at Orr's or John Boal's, (Miller's place now;) thence 
 through Boal's and Heckle's land, crossing Little Buffalo at William 
 CUngan's, Buffalo creek, near Chamberlin's mill; thence to the 
 Derrstown and Mififiinburg road. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 George Frederick. His daughter, Catherine, was Tobias Sheck- 
 ler's wife. 
 
 George Ray, of West Buffalo. Children: the late John Ray, 
 first sheriff of Union county, George, William, Barbara, Margaret, 
 Sarah, Nancy, and Catherine. 
 
 Phoebe Jenkins, widow of James, the elder. 
 
 William Jordon, White Deer. Left widow, Jane, and twelve chil- 
 dren : Thomas, Mary, married to James Hill, Margaret, Daniel, 
 Andrew, William, Samuel, James, John, Elizabeth, George, Jane. 
 
 Edward Tate, of West Buffalo. Children : Edward and Thomas. 
 Hugh Beatty took the land at the appraisement. 
 
 Joseph Green died in the spring of this year. He was a promi- 
 
33(} ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1802. 
 
 nent citizen of the Valley, and one of its first settlers. He resided 
 first where Benjamin Thompson, junior, lives, east of Miffiinburg, 
 then built the mill of late known as Bellas', which was sold from 
 him. He then removed some distance up Penn's creek, and built a 
 saw-mill, where he died. He was buried in the Lewis grave-yard. 
 His first wife's name was Margaret, and his second, Mary. He was 
 a surveyor, and dealt largely in lands. Was prominent in the rev- 
 olutionary struggle. His first wife died in 1783, and in 17S4 he 
 married a widow, Mary Irvin. His children were : Elizabeth, mar- 
 ried to Henry Shively ; her daughters, Margaret, married Jesse Mat- 
 thews ; Elizabeth, Ephraim McMullan ; Sarah, Eli Landis ; and one 
 was married to Robert Barber. Alice Green married James McCoy. 
 Joseph Green's sons were : John, Timothy, Joseph, William, Tho- 
 mas, George, and General Abbot. The sons all went West, except 
 General Abbot. John went to Louisiana, and one of his sons was 
 in Congress from that State, some years ago. Joseph Green's widow 
 had a son, James Irvin. 
 
1803. 
 
 Jenkins' Mill Road — Additional Residents— Flavel Roan's Journal, 
 
 j' AMUEL M ACLAY, Speaker of the Senate. Simon Sny- 
 der, of the House. March i6, Honorable Samuel Maclay 
 resigned the office of Speaker of the Senate. County 
 Commissioners, Flavel Roan, David Taggert, and Solo- 
 mon Markley. John Frick, Clerk. Sheriff, Andrew Albright, com- 
 missioned October 24. Thomas Youngman, Postmaster, Miffiinburg. 
 January S. Andrew McClenachan, justice for White Deer and 
 Washington. . 
 
 Road from Jenkins' mill to Michael Snoith's, (first house east of 
 Farley's now,) in East Buffalo, laid out. 
 
 Additional Residents of White Deer — Anderson, Samuel, (miller j) 
 Baker, Michael; Candor, Josiah; Hayes, John, justice; Mole, 
 Christopher ; Musser, Joseph, from Strasburg, Lancaster county, in 
 place of Walter Clark, who moved to the western part of the State ; 
 Spotts, Peter ; Steens, Ephraim ; Wallace, William. 
 
 West Buffalo — Bliler, Michael; Brown, Christian; Clark, Aaron; 
 Gable, Jacob; Getgen, Adam; Larrabee, Doctor John; Roush, 
 George ; Rudy, Abraham ; Withington, Peter, junior. 
 
 Additional Residents^ East Buffalo — Cooper, Daniel; Epler, 
 John, (miller;) Grier, David, on Reverend H. Morrison's land; 
 Hinely, John ; Housel, Joshua ; Kaufman, John ; Kessler, George ; 
 Musser, Jacob, on Thomas Wilson's farm ; Nyhart, David ; Reber 
 John ; Ritter, Philip ; Simington, Thomas ; Slear, Charles ; Stearns, 
 John. 
 
 22 337 
 
338 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1803. 
 
 Lewisburg — Ely, John ; Gucker, George ; Moore, John, black- 
 smith. 
 
 New Berlin — Hackenberg, Peter ; Haughawaut, Leffard ; Lucas, 
 Robert; Solomon, John ; Spyker, Daniel. 
 
 Candidates for Assembly — Simon Snyder, Robert Giffen, Leonard 
 Rupert, Jacob Fulmer, John Bull, M. Withington, James Forster, 
 Jacob Haller, Joseph Hutchinson, William Stedman, James Laird, 
 Richard Sherer. Simon Snyder, (who received 3,187 votes, nearly 
 every vote polled,) Robert Giffen, Leonard Rupert, and Colonel 
 John Bull were elected. 
 
 fiavel Roan's Journal. 
 
 In order to have a picture of the social enjoyments and domestic 
 events, I will quote from Fiavel Roan's diary, still extant, at Mr. 
 Fiavel Clingan's. It is complete for the year 1803, commences 
 again with 1807, and extends to the close of 181 3. It is as beautiful 
 as copper-plate engraving, and the letters are so small it requires a 
 magnifying glass to read. He made accurate observations of the 
 weather three times a day. It is said he wrote with a crow-quill. 
 
 Monday, 3d. I taught school in Derrstown. Eighteen scholars. 
 Went in the evening with William Hayes and William Wallace to 
 Mrs. Wilhams', where we had a social hop. 4th. Spent the evening 
 at Andrew Albright's, where upwards of sixty children held a ball. 
 About forty spectators. Some of the parents well pleased with the 
 acting of their children. 6th. Spent the evening at widow Mary Har- 
 ris' with the Wilson and Hayes families, and had a social hop. 7th. 
 Posting books for John Dreisbach's lottery, nth. Attended a social 
 hop at Hugh McLaughlin's. William Hayes, Miss Mussers, and Mr. 
 Black there. January 13. Ball at Colonel Baldy's, Cross-Roads. 
 26th. Spent evening at Musser's. Fifteen persons present. 
 
 February i. John Foster came down from Penn's valley, and 
 wanted a ball gotten up at the stone house ; spoke to Edward Morton 
 to be manager. 3d. The ball came off; over one hundred persons 
 attended. 6th, Sunday. Mr. Graham preached : text, Lukexviii: i. 
 
 N. B. I make it an established rule to put up at Baldy's. 8th. Met 
 
 Mr. Graham, Billy Maclay, and others at Hugh Wilson's. 14th. 
 Spent the evening socially, at Mrs. Harris', with twenty others. 
 
1803.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jj>9 
 
 1 8th. Shearer, McClure, and Fruit returned with their wagons from 
 Piiiladelphia ; away above three weeks. 21st. Mrs. Stedman died. 
 Sun edipsed. Harris and Wilson's families had a social hop at 
 Hugh Wilson's. 25th. Ball at Colonel Baldy's. 28th. Frolic at 
 Billy Poak's to-night. 
 
 Tuesday, i. March comes in Hke a lion. Thinking about Billy 
 Poak's. 3d. Breakfasted at George Clark's, with McCord, Dale, 
 James Dunlap, and Mrs. Young. Taggart called with a petition to 
 sell the old jail. 6th. Mrs. McLanachan buried. 8th. At L's in the 
 evening ; about twenty playing cards there. 9th. With Squire Kelly, 
 Hayes, Gray, Clarke, and Colonel Baldy, at Billy Poak's. loth. 
 Quit school-keeping, and moved my things to Caleb Fairchild's. 
 nth. William Brady's barn burned; seven horses and two cows 
 burned. Spent the evening with Foster's girls, at Dunlap's. James 
 Thompson came there in the evening. 13th. Richard Sherer's wife 
 had another daughter. Mr. Jackson preached at Buffalo Cross- 
 Roads. 15 th. John W. Clark very sick. I went down for the doc- 
 tor ; not at home ; he and Mr. Jackson at Stedman's. Stayed until 
 all was blue ; good company. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 James Jenkins, of East Buffalo, aged forty, buried at Northumber- 
 land, father of Miss Harriet, still living at Northumberland. He left 
 a widow, Sarah. Children : Thomas S., Mary, Sarah, Harriet, and 
 Ehzabeth. 
 
i8o4. 
 
 Contemporary Notices of the People of the Valley — Henry Spyker's 
 Form of Writing Their Wills — Doctor Joseph Priestly — Colonel 
 William Cooke. 
 
 JACOB FULMER, Senator; Speaker of the House, Simon 
 Snyder. Sheriff, Andrew Albright. County Commis- 
 sioner, George Bright. 
 
 East Buffalo, Additional Residents — Brown, John j 
 Bucher, John, ferry ; Dimpsey, James ; Frederick, Jacob ; Gibbons, 
 WilUam ; Hill, Daniel ; Kremer, Frederick ; Lloyd, John ; Pan- 
 coast, William ; Reichly, Conrad ; Renner, Frederick ; Shock, 
 Peter ; Swinehart, Henry ; Wormly, George. Single men : Lin- 
 coln, John ; Machamer, Daniel ; Morton, Edward. 
 
 White Deer — Gillespie, Edward ; High, Jacob ; Laird, William ; 
 Robb, Eleanor ; Robb, James, blacksmith \ Smith, Boyd. 
 
 West Buffalo — Gable, Jacob ; Glasgow, William ; Glover, John, 
 taxed with a slave ; Jones, Ezekiel ; Miller, John; Mingle, Andrew ; 
 Reeser, William ; Roush, Jacob ; Roush, George ; Royer, John, 
 smith ; Spiegelmyer, John, junior ; Thomas, William. The David 
 Smith mill passed into the hands of Robert Barber, Esquire. Thomas 
 Frederick, who had been of the rangers, in the Revolution, and 
 whose name appears on the tax-hst in 1782, settled originally on the 
 Thomas Paschall tract, (on Laurel run, lately owned by George Fees,) 
 where he built a saw-mill, and made considerable money farming 
 and rafting down Penn's creek. He sold out to Ezekiel Jones, and 
 moved to Ohio this year, where he founded the town of Fredericks- 
 burg, Wayne county, Ohio, and built the first mill there. 
 
 340 
 
1804.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. j^/ 
 
 Michael Brown's Recollections, &c. 
 
 John Brown, father of Abraham, Michael, &c., came to the Valley 
 this spring from Pine Grove township, Berks county. He bought the 
 Andrew Edge warrantee, (late Michael and Christian Brown, Getz, 
 &c.,) of Henry Spyker, for £S per acre. There was then an old log 
 cabin on it, in which Peter Spyker, son of Henry, lived. Michael 
 Brown, late county commissioner, who was then seven years old, 
 stated that he had eight children when he came, John, who went 
 to Ohio; Elizabeth, married to Simon Christ, moved to Ohio; 
 Christena, married to PhiHp Frederick; Peter, who went to Ohio ; 
 Abraham, lately deceased ; William, Christian, Michael, and Jacob. 
 Their mother died in 1806, the father, 1838, and both are buried 
 in the Dreisbach grave-yard. He was born in Pennsylvania, 
 served in the Revolution, was in the battle of Brandywine. His 
 father came from Germany. Our neighbors were Lorentz Barn- 
 hart, who lived where Peter Getz lives ; Kreighbaum, at David 
 Schrack's ; Christopher Weiser had a fulling-mill where Peter Wolfe 
 now lives ; Henry Poeth, father of old Henry, late of Lewisburg, 
 was the sole inhabitant of Smoketown, which was a part of Spyker's 
 land. He made there all the brick that were used in Lewisburg. 
 Edward Morton lived where A. Frederick's barn now is ; Bailey on 
 R. Laird's place ; John Zellers, where Samuel lately lived ; John 
 Aurand, on the Aurand place, now owned by John Zellers ; Chris- 
 tian Gundy lived where John W. Brown now lives. From our 
 place to Derrstown only ten acres were cleared where George Wolfe 
 now lives. The road commenced at Spyker's, (now James S. 
 Marsh's,) at the river, passed through part of the cemetery, the lane 
 at Chamberlin's, came out at George Wolfe's, passed through Smoke- 
 town, skirted the ridge at Elli^ Brown's and along by Morton's, 
 (Schrack's now,) crossed the present pike above Beale's tavern; 
 that, with the road to the cross-roads and the one up along the river, 
 were the only three roads I recollect of. Jacob Musser lived on 
 Meixell's place. The streets in Lewisburg were laid out, but the 
 lots not fenced in. Black had a ferry near the dam. Valentine 
 Miller was the undertaker of that day. John Beeber, lately living at 
 Lewisburg, told me he came with his father this year to get a wagon 
 at Jacob Stahl's, near the Union church. He was the wagon-maker 
 
342 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1804. 
 
 of the day. People came from Muncy and all around the country 
 to get wagons made by him. He said, also, the locusts were so 
 plenty, that while riding along with his father above Milton, they 
 made so much noise he could not hear what his father said. At 
 Miller's place they crossed the ferry ; were polled over by two of 
 George Hoffman's daughters. Ernhart, at Mifflinburg, ironed their 
 wagon. John Stahl had one son, Enos, and a daughter, Salome, 
 married David Herbst. Charles Hall, Esquire, built the stone house 
 and barn now owned by Martin Rishel's heirs. Daniel Shappell 
 moved into the house as tenant. 
 
 June 2 2, fast day. Mr. Bryson lectured in the morning. Mr. 
 Dunham preached in the evening. 
 
 On 26th of July, Mr. Hood arrived. He introduced Watts' ver- 
 sion of the Psalms. Members were offended on that account, and 
 whether he would accept the call or not was doubtful. Reverend 
 Mr. Morrison died September 13, and in December Mr. Hood 
 again visited the congregation, and it was understood that he would 
 accept the call. 
 
 In December there was great rejoicing over the election of Presi- 
 dent Jefferson. Maclay's boys went to Derrstown, where they had 
 large bonfires, fired cannon, and burned up their hats. Old Judge 
 Wilson and Nathan Stockdon took the back road home by Baldy's, 
 at the cross-roads. Their dearborn was loaded with china and 
 crockery. Getting a little too much cider oil on, they upset at the 
 little bridge, a few rods east of the hotel. The broken china and 
 crockery laid there for years after. 
 
 Abel Owen lived near Rengler's. He was a lame man, but could 
 Avhip any man in the Valley, so it was said. 
 
 John Betz kept school at the Dreisbach church school-house. He 
 and wife were celebrated as a very handsome couple. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 March 27, by Reverend John Patterson, William Thompson to 
 Susan, daughter of John Linn. 
 
 Deaths. 
 Knowing something by tradition of the prominent characters of these 
 
1804,] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 343 
 
 times, the highly pious strains in tlieir dying testimonies somewhat 
 startled me. On examination, however, I fomid they were all writ- 
 ten by Henry Spyker, Esquire, and from the mouths of all, saints 
 and sinners, flowed his churchly rhetoric: " I commend my soul 
 into the hands of God, hoping, through the merits of my Saviour's 
 sacrifice, for the remission of my sins and a happy admission into 
 heaven." 
 
 February 6, Doctor Joseph Priestly, aged seventy-one. Epitaph : 
 '' Return unto thy rest, oh my soul, for the Lord hath dealt bounti- 
 fully with thee. I will lay me down in peace, and sleep until I 
 awake in the morning of the resurrection." His remains were re- 
 moved to the' new cemetery, near Northumberland, a {t\Y years 
 since. Binns, in his Autobiography, says Doctor Priestly published 
 nearly one hundred moderate sized octavo volumes, on a great 
 variety of subjects. He had an extensive library and chemical labo- 
 ratory. He rose early, retired at ten, p. m. He slept on a cot in his 
 library. (His wife died September 11, 1796, aged fifty-five.) He 
 played chess and back-gammon, a few games nearly every day. Some 
 time before his death, when he was very ill, I occasionally sat with 
 him during the night, in a large arm chair by his cot. He was then 
 writing and I was publishing his " History of the Christian Church," 
 in six volumes. The fourth or fifth volume was printed. "I 
 should," said he, "have been gratified if it had pleased God to spare 
 me to finish my History of the Church. I should have nothing 
 more on earth to do or regret at leaving undone." He recovered 
 so far as to finish and correct the proof of his history. Some months 
 after, when very feeble, at the dead hour of the night, he asked me 
 if I had recollected what he said about the history. I said I did. 
 He said I wished to remind you of it, and to say that I have now 
 nothing unfinished — nothing that I feel uneasy about, and I am 
 ready to depart when I am called hence. Some hours after, sur- 
 rounded by his family, he departed. On his death bed he expressed 
 himself to me, in substance, as follows: "Reflecting on the Divine 
 love of the Creator, and the felicities of a future state, I have thought 
 that when the immortal portion of the human frame should be called 
 hence, that it would be conveyed to a region of blissful enjoyment, 
 proportioned to its capacity and preparation, there to remain until, 
 from its superior opportunities and acquirements, it should become 
 
344 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1804. 
 
 better prepared and more capable of yet subliiTier and more spiritual 
 enjoyments; whence, through Divine mercy and love, it would* 
 from time to time, be removed from one region of bliss to a higher, 
 and yet a higher, until it should attain the most sublime and perfect 
 state of felicity, of which our most improved nature should be made 
 susceptible ; enjoyments becoming more and more blissful without 
 end." It will be noticed that Binns wrote his Autobiography in 
 1854, and asks for reasonable allowance for the errors of an octo- 
 genarian. He continues : " Doctor Priestly told me he had written 
 four volumes of commentaries on the laws of England, which were 
 burned by the " church-and-king " mob in Birmingham, 1791 and 
 1792." 
 
 February, Daniel Rees of Buffalo. 
 
 April 16. Died on Monday last, (April 16,) at his country seat, 
 adjoining Harrisburg, in the sixty-eighth year of his age, William 
 Maclay, Esquire, a member of the Legislature of this State. 
 
 April — . Colonel William Cooke, twelfth Pennsylvania. His 
 children were John, (father of Jacob Cooke, of Muncy, Robert, of 
 Howard, Centre coimty;) Rebecca Stedman; Jane, married to Wil- 
 liam P. Brady, son of Captain John ; Mary, married to Robert 
 Brady, brother of the former; Sarah McClelland, and William, 
 father of William L. Cooke, of Northumberland. 
 
 May 8, Margaret, wife of Mathias Alsbaugh, born May 27, 1759. 
 
 June 5, Thomas Forster, aged fifty-eight. (Major in the Revolu- 
 tion.) 
 
 September 13, Reverend Hugh Morrison, aged forty-eight. His 
 wife died in April, aged forty-nine. They are both buried in the 
 old yard at Sunbury. They left five children : Mary Ann, who after- 
 wards married Andrew Hutchinson, and who died in Lewisburg, 
 October 18, 1868, aged eighty-two; Isabella, married to Isaac B. 
 Jones; Eliza, John, and Jane. In 1822, these heirs sold their 
 father's place in Buffalo to Conrad Dunkle, whose descendants still 
 own it. Eliza willed ter all to the Presbyterian church, at Lewis- 
 burg. (I saw her broken tombstone lying about the church not 
 long since.) 
 
 September 27, Honorable Samuel Dale, aged sixty-three, and left 
 a widow, Eliza, who died April 23, 1835. Children : Judge Samuel 
 Dale, of Lancaster; William Dale, Chillisquaque ; James Dale, 
 
1805.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 345 
 
 Esquire, late of Lewisburg • Ann, afterwards married to John Ma- 
 clay ; Elizabeth, afterwards married to Aaron Chamberlin ; Marga- 
 ret Simonton, late of Lewisburg, deceased. In his will, he speaks 
 of the black girl, "Dinah," belonging to his wife. Dinah was liv- 
 ing within our recollection. 
 
 October 16, Esther Laughlin, wife of Adam Laughlin, of West 
 Buffalo. 
 
 Michael Buttorf, of White Deer. 
 
 Peter Swartz, of White Deer. 
 
 Eve Iddings, wife of William. 
 
 John Simpson, former register and recorder. His handwriting 
 looks like copper-plate engraving. He was succeeded by his son, 
 Jeremiah, in 1798. 
 
 Jacob Dreisbach, of Buffalo. 
 
 Jacob Brunner, of West Buffalo, (now Limestone.) 
 
 Deitrich Wertz, of White Deer. 
 
 A 
 
 1805. 
 
 Sudden Adjournment of the House of Representatives — Ordination of 
 Reverend Thomas Hood — First Acadamy built at Lewisburg — Duel 
 between John Binns and Samuel Stewart — Political Parties in 
 1805. 
 
 NITED States Senator, Samuel Maclay. Member of 
 Congress, Andrew Gregg. Speaker of the House, 
 Simon Snyder. Members elected in October, Robert 
 Smith, Leonard Rupert, John Bull, and Abraham Mc- 
 Kinney. Register and Recorder, John Boyd, commissioned De- 
 cember 20. 
 
 Christopher Seebold, commissioned Justice of the Peace for East 
 Buffalo, January 7. 
 
34(> ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1805. 
 
 Prices, February i8, flour, $\\ 50 to $12 per barrel ; wheat, 13^-. 
 6^., and will keep up, as a war between England and Spain is almost 
 certain ; Rye is 5^. (yd. to ds. ; flax seed, 9 to 91^. — Thomas Stubbs, 
 Middletown. May 28, flour very dull, seUing from wagons on the 
 streets at $10 50, at |ii on credit; but price is ^11 50 to $11 75. — 
 G. & W. G. Latimer, Philadelphia. 
 
 A road was laid out in April, from the west line of Andrew Bill- 
 myer's, by Mary Harris', to intersect the road from Derrstown to 
 Japhet Morton's. This is the road from Kephart's to the turnpike, 
 past W. L. Harris.' Hugh Wilson, Daniel Rees, and John Brice 
 were the viewers. 
 
 For a singular freak of a Buffalo Valley boy, I quote from Binns' 
 Autobiography : " During the session of 1804-5 ^ ^^'^.s in the House 
 of Representatives of Pennsylvania, at Lancaster, when a well-dressed 
 young man, of a respectable family from Northumberland county, 
 about the dusk of the evening, threw open the inner door, and en- 
 tered the body of the House. In a loud, clear and distinct voice he 
 said : ' Mr. Speaker, I am charged by the Lord God with a message 
 to this House, to direct them forthwith to pass a law for the removal 
 of the seat of government from Lancaster to the top of the Blue Hill.' 
 Many of the members called out, 'Turn him out.' Instantly the 
 door-keeper and sergeant-at-arms, both elderly men, one at each side, 
 seized the intruder by the collar of his coat to eject him from the 
 House, upon which he tripped up their heels, and left them both 
 sprawling on the floor. A motion to adjourn was promptly made 
 and carried. The young man, who was laboring under insanity, 
 remained three days about Lancaster, then started for home on 
 horseback. It is said and believed that he never drew bit until he 
 arrived home, a distance of one hundred and fifteen miles. In a few 
 minutes after he arrived, the horse dropped dead." — See Roan's 
 Journal, May 20, 1809. 
 
 Mr. Hood at Buffalo. 
 
 Mr. Hood preached at Buffalo from the ist of April. He was 
 ordained on the 2d of October. Mr. Stewart preached the ordina- 
 tion sermon from i Corinthians ix: 16 : " For though I preach the 
 Gospel, I have nothing to glory of," &c. Mr. Bryson gave the 
 
1805.1 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 347 
 
 charge to the people. Mr. Hood's first sermon after was from Ro- 
 mans V, 5 : " And hope maketh not ashamed." In which he showed 
 the nature and advantages of evangehcal hope, and the amazing dif- 
 ference between the life of the believer and that of the hypocrite. 
 His salary was fixed at ^220 per year. In May, a resolution was 
 passed to raise it to $300, but not carried out, as in 1809-10-11-12 
 he was still paid but ^220. 
 
 September 5, trustees elect of Buffalo— George Knox, Gideon 
 Smith, Andrew McClanachan, James McClellan, Christopher John- 
 ston, Robert Forster, Adam LaughHn, and Hugh Wilson. 
 
 Removals out of the bounds— Tenbrooke Chamberlin, John 
 Clarke^JiHwor, Joseph Gilliland, Thomas Sutherland, and William 
 Thompson, junior. 
 
 In 1805, among the names of members of Dreisbach's congrega- 
 tion, occur : Barnhart, Lorentz; Heinly, John ; Reber, John; Reedy, 
 Andrew ; Ream, George ; Spyker, Peter ; Wormley, George ; Zel- 
 ler, Benjamin ; Zeller, John. 
 
 The log cabin academy built by subscription. It occupied the pres- 
 ent site of the parsonage of the Presbyterian church in Lewisburg. 
 
 Doctor Charles Byers was the principal physician of Lewisburg and 
 vicinity. 
 
 Binns and Stewart Duel. 
 
 The duel between John Binns and Samuel Stewart is noteworthy 
 as being one of the last fought upon the soil of Pennsylvania, and 
 on account of the prominence of the actors, having special influence 
 in causing^ the passage of the act of 31st March, 1806. The duel 
 was fought on Sunday, the i6th of December. Tradition says 
 Stewart spent the night before at Andrew Albright'fe tavern, in 
 Lewisburg. I extract a circumstantial account of it from John 
 Binns' Autobiogaphy : 
 
 On Saturday, November 5, 1805, while I was in the public ball 
 alley, at Sunbury, with a bat in my hand, tossing a ball against the 
 wall, waiting for Major Charles Maclay to play a game, a very tall, 
 stout stranger came to me, and said, "My name is Sam Stewart, 
 of Lycoming county ; your name, I understand, is John Binns, and 
 you are editor of the Republican Argus ^ I replied, " Iwas." " I 
 wish to know who is the author of the letters published in that paper 
 
34S ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1805. 
 
 signed 'one of the people.' " ''For what purpose," said I. He re- 
 plied, "There are remarks in one of them which reflect on my char- 
 acter, and I must know the author." I declined to tell him, but 
 said if there was anything untrue it should be corrected. He was 
 standing on my left, and instantly threw his left arm across my breast, 
 and with it held both my arms tight above the elbows, and, at the 
 same time, threw his right arm across the back of my head, violently 
 pushing his forefinger into the corner of my right eye, evidently 
 with the intent to tear it out of my head. I struck him with the 
 bat with all my strength, when he left go his hold, seized me about 
 the waist, and endeavored to throw me down. We were separated 
 by Major Maclay and others, who came into the alley. In his effort 
 to gouge out my eye, he left a scar which will accompany me to my 
 grave. The ball alley was attached to Henry Shaffer's hotel. I 
 went into the hotel and wrote a note : 
 
 SuNBURY, November 2, 1805. 
 
 After threatening me like a bravo, you have attacked me like a 
 ruffian. Some satisfaction ought to be rendered for such conduct. 
 
 If you have the spirit and courage to meet me as a gentleman, 
 and will appoint time and place, and meet me with pistols, accom- 
 panied by a friend, what has passed shall be overlooked by 
 
 John Binns. 
 Samuel Stewart, Esquire. 
 
 To this note Mr. Stewart returned a verbal answer, "that he was 
 going to the city, but would be back in two or three weeks." 
 
 On the 13th of December, a note was handed me by Mr. Andrew 
 Kennedy, printer of the Northumberland Gazette : 
 
 Northumberland, December 13, 1805. 
 
 When I received your challenge I was on my way to the city, and 
 had it not in my power to meet you ; but now I am here, ready to 
 see you. You will, therefore, mention the time and place, and you 
 will have it in your power to try my spirits, that you so much 
 doubted. It must be immediately. Let me hear from you. 
 
 Samuel Stewart. 
 
 I replied that as soon as I could get Major Maclay here I would 
 be ready. That I had sent for him, expected him that evening, and 
 the meeting could be the next morning. On the evening of the 
 
1805.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 349 
 
 13th, a friend informed me that application had been made to a 
 magistrate for a warrant of arrest, to bind me over to keep the 
 peace. I immediately wrote a note : 
 
 Saturday Morning. 
 
 Sir : — I have just heard that application has been made to a mag- 
 istrate to prevent our meeting. I write to request that you will 
 instantly appoint some other place, say Derrstown, Milton, or any 
 other place more convenient to you, where my friend and myself 
 will attend. 
 
 I then wrapped a pair of pistols in my overcoat pocket, walked 
 about half a mile to the house of William Bonham, where I directed 
 my horse, and any note that came, should be forwarded. Major 
 Maclay soon arrived, and, after giving him a full statement of the 
 occurrences, he went to Northumberland to settle the time and place. 
 While we talked in the back room, the constable rapped and inquired 
 if I was in the house. He was told I had gone up the road. On 
 Mr. Maclay's return, he told me the meeting was to be at seven 
 o'clock the next morning, at the end of a fence behind Lawshe's 
 house, opposite Derrstown, where we agreed to sleep that night. 
 
 We were on the ground at seven o'clock, just in the gray of the 
 morning. In a few minutes we saw Mr. Stewart and Mr. Kennedy 
 coming down the lane. After mutual salutations, Mr. Maclay pro- 
 posed that we should cross the swamp, and retire to a more private 
 place, where the ground was perfectly clear. Mr. Kennedy proposed 
 that the parties should settle the distance. I objected, that being 
 the duty of the seconds. Mr. Maclay and Kennedy then retired, 
 and, after some conversation, stepped eight paces, and placed Mr. 
 Stewart and myself at the extreme ends of the line. Mr. Maclay 
 then said, "It is agreed between Mr. Kennedy and myself that 
 if either of the parties shall leave his ground before the affair is 
 entirely settled, such party shall be regarded as disgraced." The 
 seconds then retired to load the pistols. Mr. Maclay told me after- 
 wards that he at this time suggested to Mr. Kennedy the propriety 
 of an effort at reconciliation. Mr. Kennedy said " that was impos- 
 sible, unless Mr. Binns would apologize for the language used in his 
 message to Mr. Stewart. For my part, I think nothing should be 
 attempted until the parties have at least interchanged a shot." Ma- 
 clay and Kennedy drew near to us, and Maclay said : ' ' When the 
 
J50 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1S05. 
 
 word ' fire' is given you are to fire soon as you can. If either delay 
 while one of us count three, and say 'stop,' that one shall, for that 
 time, lose his fire. A snap to be considered a fire." 
 
 The seconds tossed up to determine which should give the word. 
 Maclay won. The pistols were handed us, and discharged so simul- 
 taneously that but one report was heard. Neither balls took effect. 
 The pistols were again handed to the seconds. They retired a few 
 paces, and Mr. Maclay assured me afterwards that he used every 
 honorable argument to move Mr. Kennedy to present a proposition 
 for settlement. This he did without effect. Maclay then raised his 
 voice and said, you had better consult your principal, and I will do 
 the same. Maclay's first words to me were : " Kennedy is a scoun- 
 drel; he is determined to have you shot." I said : " you know the 
 terms we agreed upon, and we will carry them out." The pistols were 
 again handed to us. After a short pause, Mr. Maclay came between 
 us and said: " Gentlemen, I think this business has gone far enough, 
 and may be amicably and honorably adjusted." He proposed that 
 Mr. Stewart should apologize for his attack, and that then Mr. Binns 
 should declare that the publication was not made to wound the feel- 
 ings of Mr. Stewart, or affect his character; but because Mr. Binns 
 believed it to be true, and that it was matter proper for public in- 
 formation. Mr. Stewart then said: "If God has given me more 
 strength than other men, I do not think I ought to abuse it. I 
 never struck a man in my life that I was not sorry for it." This 
 was not held sufficient apology. After a pause Mr. Stewart made 
 the required apology, and I made the declaration my friend pro- 
 posed. The parties shook hands, and at a tavern in the neigh- 
 borhood, they and their friends breakfasted together. Mr. Stewart 
 and I continued friends until his death, many years afterward. 
 When he was elected to the Assembly from Lycoming, some years 
 after, he voted for me, then editor of the Democratic Press, as a 
 director of the Pennsylvania Bank. Major Maclay was then about 
 twenty-eight years of age, and a man of much promise. Son of 
 Honorable Samuel Maclay, at that time a United States Senator, 
 He returned to Buffalo Valley ; I to Northumberland. He died 
 soon after this. 
 
 I found, on my return, that it was Joseph Priestly that had the war- 
 rant issued for my arrest. He saw me leave with a small mahogany 
 
1805.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 351 
 
 case, in which he knew Judge Cooper kept his pistols, and suspected 
 what was about to take place. The termination of this business put 
 an end to anything like personal rudeness by any member of the 
 Federal party, so long as I remained in Northumberland, and doubt- 
 less had its effect after my removal to Philadelphia. 
 
 This duel was fought beyo-nd the marsh, near what was then called 
 Allen's. Andrew Kennedy was the father of the late Andrew Ken- 
 nedy, of Lewisburg. Lawshe's hotel was below the dam, nearly 
 opposite Strohecker's, kept by John Lawshe, grandfather of A. M. 
 Lawshe. Flavel Roan, in his journal, carefully notes the fact, that 
 he always took a drink there before crossing the ferry to Derrstown. 
 The house was burned down some years ago. Sam Stewart, as he 
 was called, was sheriff and treasurer of Lycoming county, and the 
 Federal candidate for Senator, in 1808, against General John Bur- 
 rows, the Democratic candidate. 
 
 Political. 
 
 July 10. Extract from a letter of James Cochran, of Mead town- 
 ship, Crawford county, to Robert Irwin : ' ' On the call for a con- 
 vention to amend the constitution and on our new candidate for Gov- 
 ernor, the people are much divided ; but there will be a majority in 
 favor of the convention and Simon Snyder in this county and many 
 of the neighboring counties. From every appearance the majority 
 will be considerable. From the insolent behavior of old Tom, 
 (Governor Thomas McKean,) in my opinion, he merits no longer 
 the approbation of the people, not only from his impertinent lan- 
 guage, but for the last three years he has an undoubted right to be 
 charged with wasting his Lord's goods ; therefore, agreeably to St. 
 Luke, xvi: 3 v., he has a right to either dig or beg, whichever he 
 thinks he caii do best, for he will be no longer steward. The ''Feds " 
 and "Quids" are squealing like fell -hyenas about it, and fear of 
 being drowned before they see the water; but it will turn out like all 
 the rest of their hot-water injections — they will burst like the bubble, 
 with the weight of their own air, and leave them a blank in society, 
 or rather, a vestige of contempt by all the true friends of the prin- 
 ciples of seventy-six." A mingle of metaphors not often found in so 
 short a composition. 
 
jj-2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. fl805. 
 
 October 4, the Governor, by his secretary, WiUiam Thompson, 
 writes from Lancaster to Robert Irwin : " The friends of Mr. Sny- 
 der have circulated in the counties of Northampton and Berks, that 
 Governor McKean has promised, after his re-election, to appoint Mr. 
 James Ross, of Pittsburg, Chief Justice of the Supreme court. I am 
 authorized to assure you that the tale .is wholly a falsehood, fabri- 
 cated on the eve of the approaching political contest, for base elec- 
 tioneering purposes, an idea of the kind having never been suggested 
 to the Governor by any friend of Mr. Ross, or by the Governor to 
 any person whatever ; nor, indeed, is it believed Mr. Ross would 
 accept the appointment if offered to him." 
 
 In order that my readers may understand the allusions in the 
 Cochran letter, I will state, as part of the history of the time, that 
 Governor McKean had vetoed an act substituting referees for jury 
 trials, and prohibiting the employment of counsel in reference cases ; 
 also, the acl extending the jurisdiction of justices of the peace, 
 which, however, was passed over his veto. This, with the acquittal 
 of the judges who were impeached, incensed the ultra Democrats, 
 and they immediately started the project of remodeling the Consti- 
 tution. The moderate Democrats took the name of Constitution- 
 alists, and organized a constitutional society, and the other section 
 of Democrats a club called "The Friends of the People," the Feder- 
 alists looking on, and enjoying the strife. The ultra Democrats 
 nominated Snyder for Governor, and the friends of the Constitu- 
 tion, McKean, who was elected Governor, and entered upon his 
 third term on the 17th of December, 
 
 Marriages, by Henry Spyker, Esquire. 
 
 Peter Epler to Eve Christ. Witnesses, Henry Fulmer, Chris- 
 tian Van Gundy, John Smith and wife, &c., (April 4.) 
 
 September 8, John Lawshe with Polly Sites. Witnesses, Nancy 
 Robb, John Dreisbach, &c. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 George Martin, White Deer. Children : Jane, Elizabeth, John, 
 Robert, and Matthew. January 15, John Swineford, of Middle- 
 
1806.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jjj 
 
 burg; born April i6, 1755. Martin Housel, West Buffalo. Chil- 
 dren : Jacob, Joshua, Catherine, Mary and Elizabeth. September 
 22, Catherine, wife of Abraham Eyer ; born, October 15, 1752; 
 married, May, 1776. Peter Jodon, of West Buffalo. Captain 
 George Overmeier. Children : George, Peter, Philip, John, David, 
 Jacob, Catherine, (Margaret, then dead,) Elizabeth, Eve, Esther, 
 Magdalena, and Barbara. To Jacob he left his rifle and shof-pouch 
 carried in the Revolution. Adam Shewel, of Centre. Jabel Fred- 
 erick, of Buffalo. George Motz, Penn's. Children : John, Lo- 
 rentz. December 19, Catherine Dunkle. She was born February 
 iT^, 1769; married October 24, 1784. 
 
 06. 
 
 Additional Residents of East Buffalo, Lewisburg, White Deer, and 
 West Buffalo — First Methodist Camp-Meeting. 
 
 HOMAS COOPER, President Judge, commissioned 
 March i. Members, Simon Snyder, Leonard Rupert, 
 Abraham McKinney, and Major Robert Smith, of Tur- 
 but. David Taggert, Charles Maclay, and Samuel Awl, 
 County Commissioners. John Frick, Clerk. April i, John Thomp- 
 son, junior, commissioned Justice of the Peace. July 4, William 
 Poak. John Lynn, of Erie, was the principal School-Teacher of the 
 Valley. 
 
 Additional Residents, East Buffalo — Ammon, Andreas ; Badorf, 
 Michael, blacksmith ; Bostian, Andrew ; Brown, John, miller ; Culp, 
 Peter, shoe-maker ; Daugherty, James ; Geddes, James, single ; Gra- 
 ham, Alexander, merchant ; Haverling, Jacob, weaver ; Hafer, Lud- 
 wig ; Holmes, Jonathan, tanner; McClure, Richard, chair-maker; 
 Marriner, James; Mettlin, Patrick; Morrow, Alexander; Reem, 
 23 
 
3S4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1806. 
 
 George, carpenter ; Reish, Daniel ; Renner, Jacob ; Renner, Fred- 
 erick; Strayhorn, Nathaniel ; Vaness, John ; Winter^ Daniel, car- 
 penter. 
 
 Lewisburg — Conser, John ; Crosgrove, Samuel ; Kremer, George ; 
 Renfrew, Jacob ; Wolfe, Christian, hatter. 
 
 Additional Residents of White Deer — Clark, John, William's son ; 
 Dersham, Jacob ; Farris, Dennis ; Lushbaugh, John ; Madden, Neal, 
 tailor; Marshall, James; Monpeck, Nicholas ; Reznor, David; Rora- 
 baugh, Philip ; Schock, Andrew, wagon-maker. 
 
 West Buffalo — Aikey, Lewis ; Betzer, Peter ; Bohr, Michael, 
 miller; Eilert, John ; Green, Abbot ; Hildebrand, Levi ; Kaufman, 
 David; Kimple, Jacob, potter; Kleckner, John, tavern and still- 
 house ; Maize, Jacob, tavern ; Mitchell, George, blacksmith ; Shri- 
 ner, Jacob ; Zeller, John ; Zeller, Henry. 
 
 In August, the first Methodist camp-meeting in this part of the 
 State was held on Chillisquaque creek, one and one half miles from 
 the river. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 January 2, Ludwig Coasin with Susanna Olifant, in presence of 
 both their parents, Joseph Stillwell, Thomas Nesbit, &c. 
 
 April 7, Frederick Renner with Magdalena Krause, daughter of 
 Christian Krause, deceased, in presence of his father, and step- 
 mother, and brothers, Jacob Renner and wife, Benjamin Renner, 
 Daniel Sheckler and wife. 
 
 May 15, George Troxel with Mary Hoffman, in presence of Wil- 
 liam Clark and wife. Doctor James Dougal, Andrew Heckle and 
 wife, George Derr and wife, John Betz and wife, Andrew Ensworth 
 and wife, Abraham Troxell and wife. 
 
 June 12, John Sergeant with Catharine Beyer, in presence of her 
 parents, brother James, Peggy Evans, &c. 
 
 November 16, Michael Straub to Sarah Grove. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 John Pollock, Lewisburg. Michael Smith. John Graybill, Ma- 
 hantango. William Steele, Buffalo. Henry Richard, East Buffalo. 
 James Adams, White Deer, left a widow, Margaret ; children : Agnes, 
 Joseph, Sarah. James was his grandson, and son uf Joseph. Mary 
 Green, widow of Captain Joseph Green. Henry Myer, West Buffalo. 
 
i8o^. 
 
 Pexn's Creek Improtejiext Lottery — Extracts from Bt.vxs' Argcs 
 
 County Convention — Gterman High School in Buffalo Township 
 
 Roan's Journal — John Aurand — Character of the Legal Business 
 AND Sketches of Leading Circuit Lawyers, by late George A. Snyder. 
 Esquire. 
 
 [ NITED STATES SENATORS, Samuel Maclay and An- 
 drew Gregg, the latter elected January 13. Member of 
 Congress, Daniel Montgomery, junior. Senator, James 
 Laird. Speaker House of Representatives, Simon Sny- 
 der. Members elected in October, Simon Snyder, Leonard Rupert, 
 Abraham McKinney, and' John Murray. 
 
 Commissioner elect, Samuel Bond. Total expenditures of the 
 county last year, ^5,716. Sheriff, Jared Irwin. Treasurer, Simon 
 Snyder. Postmaster at Lewisburg, C. Baldy. 
 
 Additional Residents of West Buffalo — Harris, Amos, shoe- 
 maker ; Lytle, Charles ; Peters, Philip, tinner ; Reed, Robert and 
 William ; Ruhl, Philip ; Stitzer, John, junior ; Stover, John and 
 Samuel ; Wilkert, Jacob. 
 
 AIifflinburg—K.&Qner, William, tailor; Lemon, Thomas, school- 
 master ; Miller, Doctor ; Smith, Doctor ; Swentzell, Jacob ; Year- 
 ick, Simon. Andrew Ensworth sold his property and removed from 
 the Valley ; also, William Irwin, junior, Robert Harris, and Alex- 
 ander Steel. 
 
 In White Deer 7iew Names on the Assessmetit List Anthony, 
 
 Henry; Anthony, Nicholas, shoe-maker; Billman, John and Jo- 
 siah; Chamberlin, Uriah ; Clingan, Thomas; Heckle, George ; 
 Huntingdon, Simon ; McCorley, Robert ; Shaffer, John ; Shamp, 
 Jesse ; Pancoast, William, blacksmith ; Yocum, Jesse. 
 
 Additional Residents in East Biiffalo — Beidleman, Valentine 
 
 355 
 
356 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1807. 
 
 Daniel, and Jacob ; Cochran, John; Eagler, Conrad, shoe-maker; 
 Forsythe, Samuel; Hight, Henry, shoe-maker; Hummel, Christian, 
 shoe-maker ; Jamison, John ; Linn, Daniel, miller ; Noll, Henry ; 
 Trester, George ; Wagner and Kline, grist-mill ; Wallace, Wil- 
 liam; Wilson, Charles; Wommer, Jacob. 
 
 Lewisburg — Bellman, George, clock-maker. 
 
 New Berlin — Berger, Jacob, millwright ; Miller, Philip ; Shref- 
 ler, Henry ; Stain or Stem, Doctor Jacob. 
 
 By act of March 31, Samuel Templeton, George Long, Robert 
 Barber, Peter Fisher, and James Duncan, commissioners, were au- 
 thorized to raise by lottery ^4,000, for the improvement of Penn's 
 creek, from the mouth of Green's saw-mill. Robert Barber was 
 appointed treasurer, and in October^ they advertised a scheme of 
 cash prizes, amounting to $30,000 ; nothing came of it. 
 
 April 10, the middle district of the supreme court was created, 
 and Sunbury fixed for the place of holding the court, on the first 
 Monday of July. 
 
 The Political Situation. 
 
 Argus, July 27, "appointments by the Governor: William Wil- 
 son, major general of the ninth division ; Wilham Hepburn, of the 
 tenth. Both these gentlemen are associate judges, and thorough- 
 paced Federalists. Elections by the people : Christopher Baldy, 
 brigadier general first brigade, a Democrat, by a large majority. 
 Colonel John Jones, Alexander Moore, George Weirick, and Thomas 
 Youngman^ all Democrats, by decided majorities. For brigade in- 
 spector, Frederick Evans, 435 to 80 for Charles Drum, Quid." 
 
 February 4, Binns' Argus has the message relative to Burr's con- 
 spiracy. The lot of ground on which the old jail stood, offered 
 for sale. Binns. says, at the court of quarter sessions of Centre 
 county, held last week, there was no business for the grand jury, 
 save one bill for keeping a tippling-house. So much for the peace- 
 able demeanor of one of the most Democratic counties in Pennsyl- 
 vania. He thinks Rankin's vote for Gregg for United States Sena- 
 tor will prevent his return as representative of that county. "Hugh 
 White and other Federalists" contested the election of Isaac Smith, 
 member for Lycoming; but Smith was declared the sitting member. 
 
1807.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 357 
 
 In his valedictory he says he has sold his type, fixtures, and rented 
 his house and office, in Northumberland, to Mathew Huston, by 
 whom the Argus will be conducted. Mr. Huston is clerk of the 
 House of Representatives, which will detain him at Lancaster, until 
 the ist of April. Mr. Huston is a man of good understanding, and 
 will be an independent editor. . In politics, he is a decided Demo- 
 cratic Republican. Has been a soldier in the Revolution, and served 
 in the Legislature. In bidding farewell to John Binns' paper, I 
 quote one of his saucy items: " I do not know whether Rudolph 
 Spangler was or was not, as the Lancaster Journal says, at a cock- 
 fight, for a whole day. If he was, to the neglect of his public duty, 
 he was to blame ; but I do know most certainly that Timothy Mat- 
 lack, the master of rolls of this State, was at a common cock-fight, 
 the cheek-by-jowl companion of negroes, vagabonds, and spoils- 
 men." 
 
 June 3, Mathew Huston issued the first number of his Argus, and 
 in his second number attacks Governor McKean for appointing a 
 number of Senators to lucrative offices before their terms expired. 
 Says it is morally certain he had no relatives in Pennsylvania or any 
 quarter of the globe, who might be imported to fill those offices. 
 
 The attack of the Leopard, on the Chespeake, on the 2 2d of June, 
 brings forth a fearful editorial, in which Great Britian is styled an 
 "incurable old bawd," &c. I quote some of the toasts at the 4th 
 of July celebration, to show the drift of politics. At Selinsgrove : 
 " Thomas McKean — alas, how art thou fallen." "■ 2d Tuesday of 
 October, 1808 — may it give us a farmer for Governor, who will care 
 more for the people than for the dust under his feet, and not a student 
 of morality, whose only care is for his family, lawyers, and sharpers." 
 ' ' The besotted, card-playing general and the golden calf — may they 
 ever be haunted with trout visions." "The Democratic presses — 
 the nurses of political virtue." 
 
 At Milton, Captain Thomas Pollock, president, Doctor James 
 Dougal, vice president: "Thomas McKean — political damnation 
 to all political hypocrites." "Aaron Burr, the treacherous apostate 
 Whig — may the portion of eternal infamy be the fate of every trai- 
 tor to virtue, liberty, and independence." "The American fair — 
 may Columbia boast of a race of daughters, amiable and beautiful, 
 and may Hymen join them to Republican merit." Kennedy's paper. 
 
358 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1807. 
 
 May 19, attacks an article in Binns' paper, as smelling strongly of 
 the committee-room at Derrstown, and says Esquire Laird, the 
 State Senator, is a favorite pupil of the professors at the political ' 
 college of Derrstown, and hints that Tilghman might be got out to 
 run against Simon Snyder for Governor. The Quids, he says, talk 
 of Judge Spade, who knows no more of politics than of Arabic, and 
 who may possess qualifications for the place, but nobody knows it. 
 
 Huston on Burr : ' ' Burr is to the body-politic like an emetic to 
 the physical body. Since he has got into operation, the body-poli- 
 tic has discharged and brought into view a huge mass of swindlers, 
 speculators, sharpers, jugglers, jockies, pettifoggers. These followers 
 of our Cataline, whom he collected from the harlot's stew, the gaming 
 table, and the wine-bibber's shop, must appear truly pitiful when 
 they slink home with their golden prospects blasted, and their leader 
 the subject of scorn and contempt." 
 
 James Boyd's toast at the Danville celebration is unique : " The 
 Quids — a jackass apiece to them, and a snail's horn for a spur, so 
 that each mule may ride his own ass." Daniel Montgomery pre- 
 sided at this meeting. James Laird was vice, and Andrew Russell 
 was secretary. The names are given, so that we may know on what 
 side in politics our antecedents were. 
 
 July 13, Governor McKean issued a general order for a draft of 
 the militia of the State, in prospect of a war with Great Britain, to 
 be divided into two grand divisions, of which Major General Thomas 
 Craig and General Joseph Heister were appointed commanders. The 
 quota for Northumberland division was ten hundred and forty. The 
 delegates from the different townships to the meeting held at Sunbury, 
 on the 1 8th of August, to express the sentiments of the county, in ref- 
 erence to the attack upon the Chesapeake, were : Sunbury, Andrew 
 Albright and John Boyd ; Buffalo, Samuel Maclay and Christopher 
 Baldy ; West Buffalo, George Youngman and Henry Gray ; Centre, 
 George Weirick and Michael Wittenmyer ; Penn's, Jacob Lechner 
 and Daniel Rhoads ; Point, Matthew Huston and Andrew Kennedy ; 
 White Deer, Seth Iredell and William Clark ; Washington, William 
 Pollock, &c. Colonel Robert Clark, of Derry, was chosen presi- 
 dent. They resolved unanimously to support the Government in 
 such measures as may be necessary and proper to obtain satisfaction 
 for former injuries and insults committed by the British Govern- 
 
1807.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jjg 
 
 ment, and security against such aggressions in time to come. The 
 meeting at Selinsgrove to appoint delegates to this meeting, was 
 presided over by George Holstein. Committee on resolutions, 
 Frederick Evans, Christian Welker, and Daniel Rohrer. 
 
 By an order of Frederick Evans, it appears that the thirty-ninth 
 regiment (district Buffalo Valley) was to furnish one hundred and 
 thirty-seven men, to rendezvous at General Baldy's, on the 24th of 
 September. Seventy-seventh regiment draft, one hundred and 
 twenty-seven men, to meet at Swinefordstown, on the 23d. 
 
 At a meeting of the Society of the Friends of the people of Sun- 
 bury, held at the public buildings, on Saturday, September 26, and 
 at a meeting of the same society of Point township, held at the house 
 of David Taggert, on Monday, September 29, resolutions were 
 passed arraigning Michael Leib at the tribunal of public opinion, for 
 secretly and hypocritically laboring to defeat Simon Snyder in 1805 ; 
 for intriguing with the Quids to bring forward Joseph Hiester for 
 Governor. These proceedings are signed by Andrew Albright, presi- 
 dent of the society of Sunbury ; David Taggert, at Point. 
 
 June 27, John Sierer and wife, Susanna, Christopher Baldy and 
 wife, Susanna, conveyed two acres and one hundred and ten perches 
 of the Henry Sees tract to John Kaufman and John Rengler, trustees 
 elect of a German high school, in Buffalo township, to be erected on 
 said premises, and kept for that purpose forever. 
 
 Domestic Incidents taken chiefly from F lave I Roan's Journal. 
 
 He was teaching school at this time at Jimmy Wilson's school- 
 house, near where Adam Stahl now lives. 
 
 January t . Citizen Kremer (afterward Honorable George) called 
 at Clingan's, (William Clingan, Esquire's.) A very great talker. 
 Brought sweetmeats for the ladies. 5th. Roan McClure's youngsters 
 and Richards', from Derrstown, at Clingan's. Amusements, selling 
 pawns, shaving, &c., until after twelve. loth. Citizen Kremer again 
 at Clingan's. Has a great memory, and likes to hear himself dis- 
 course. 13th. Clingan's young people down at Roan McClure's 
 until after twelve. 24th. Went to Sunbury, crossing on the ice. Got 
 a hard fall. Stopped at James Black's. Agreeably entertained by 
 Esquire Buyers' daughters and Mr. Black's young people. 29th. 
 
3(>o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY, [1807. 
 
 Young people at Derrstown singing-school. Thirty young people 
 at Baldy's singing, 
 
 February 8, Sunday. The ladies would not sing, because Tommy 
 raised an old tune, " Isle of Wright." 9th. Six degrees colder than 
 it has been for two years, by Doctor Dougal's thermometer, nth. 
 Visitors at Clingan's, Doctor Dougal and lady, Mrs. Linn and rela- 
 tives. Sister Clark, &c. 13th. Ice broke in Buffalo creek, and carried 
 off the bridge. 17th. Youngsters went to Esquire Kelly's. 22d. 
 Youngsters at Dale's. Returned at three, a. m. 25th. Charles Hall, 
 Esquire, and lady at Clingan's, and Mrs. David Linn, Esquire Kel- 
 ly's youngsters, J. Thompson's youngsters, Charlotte Candor, and 
 Thomas Howard came. All went over to Aunt Dale's, to spend the 
 evening. Kelly's lads very sociable. 26th. Esquire McLanahan and 
 lady at C's. I think the Squire will run for Assembly. 27th. Thomp- 
 son's, Dale's, Chamberlin's youngsters, Boyd Smith, Bella Kelly, 
 Charlotte Candor, spent an agreeable evening at C's. Went away 
 at one, a. m. 
 
 March 5. Clingan's youngsters, with Gideon Smith and J. Thomp- 
 son, went to visit at Chamberlin's. Returned at three a. m. Citizen 
 Kremer here again. 7th. Roan Clarke at C's. He is making great 
 progress at knowledge with citizen K. Has a learned book with 
 him, puzzling Tommy and George. Roan's route to Sunbury — cross 
 at Nesbit's ferry, drink at Lawshe's, stop to see Judge Wilson at Chil- 
 lisquaque, leave his horse at D. Taggert's, and walk over to Sunbury. 
 Return — stops at Dentler's, Lawshe's, Metzgar's, Derrstown, call at 
 Roan McClure's, sleeps at Giddy Smith's. 17th. Wilson Smith calls 
 to request Clingans to spend to-morrow evening at Doctor Vanval- 
 zah's. 21st. Called at Poak's, Metzgar's, and went to see the rope- 
 dancing at Rees'. 23d. Rope-dancingat Baldy's. 27th. Went to 
 Hoffman's. Had a talk with Tom Iddings about Steel being an officer. 
 31st. Snowed all day. Snow eighteen inches deep. 
 
 April 4. View on the bridge at Derrstown. Slept at Krenier's. 
 Called at Metzgar's. Went down to Franklin's. Saw some boats 
 start down the river. Called at Doctor Byers'. Saw Franklin's leg ; 
 an ugly sight. 8th. Snow five feet deep in Jimmy Wilson's lane, 
 loth. Left Clingan's, stopped at Baldy's, then to Youngmanstown, 
 where I stopped at Van Buskirk's. Met Esquire Robert Barber and 
 Abbot Green, with whom I had business. Slept at Smelcher's, in 
 
1807.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 361 
 
 a bed at the fire, and saw sparking going on. 13th. Came to 
 Baldy's; drank too much whisky; spent the evening with Sheriff 
 Jared Irwin there. 15th. Crossed at Black's, went to Lawshe's, 
 spent tlie evening there, and slept with old Sam Brady. ^ 
 
 May 2. Went with Mrs. Hood to White Deer valley. They 
 sing new tunes and Watts' Psalms here. 4th. Went to Newbury, 
 where I met Billy Dougan, and went home with him. 5 th. Heard 
 Mr. Siers preach from the text "Come, for all things are ready." 
 He said the man should have brought his wife with him to the wed- 
 ding. [He was no doubt the ancestor of the sensational- preachers 
 of our day.] Sunday, loth. Heard Mr. Smilie, Baptist, preach at 
 Jaysburg, on the fruitful vine. Crossed from Jaysburg to David 
 Russel's, where Doctor Davidson prescribed for me. 13th. Crossed 
 the mountain with Mr. Smilie. Stopped at Week's, [now Union- 
 town.] He went to preach, and I to Esquire Brown's. His route 
 home is marked by stops at G. Anderson's, Graham's, Hugh Don- 
 nelly's, [Uniontown,] Iredell's fishery, and John Hoffman's. 
 
 June 7. Hoffman's son and daughter went to the consecration 
 of the new church at Youngmanstown. 9th. The boys went fish- 
 ing with Mr. Hood. 14th. Reuben Davis, a student full of self- 
 importance, dined at Clingan's. 24th. At George Clark's, took tea 
 with the amiable Miss Becca, who displayed a gold ring on her 
 finger. 
 
 Wednesday, July i. Election at Baldy's for militia field-officers. 
 Cider oil plenty, which occasioned words and blows. 5th. Mr. 
 Hood preached at Buffalo, Psalm xxvii : 4. He gave me a rub, in 
 the last part of his sermon, for not attending church. 19th. A 
 great thunder storm, with hail. 20th. Reverend Mr. Hood with 
 us, cutting wheat. He is a great cradler. 24th. Mr. Clingan has 
 seven hundred dozen, and not two bottles of whisky drank at the 
 cutting. Sunday, 26th. Mr. Grier and Mr. Hood exchange. Buf- 
 falo people not used to such long sermons. He is not so able an 
 orator as Mr. Hood. 27th. Election at Derrstown. Fighting going 
 on in the evening. Citizen Kremer got marked. Miss Wilson and 
 Miss Craig, of Northampton, at Mr. Hayes'. They are great belles. 
 28th. Election for rifle company officers, at Clingan's. 29th. Elec- 
 tion for company officers, at Richard Irwin's, [White Deer.] Ed- 
 
 ^ Uncle of Captain Samuel Brady.— iii;i«. 
 
362 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1807. 
 
 ward Morton and I attended and clerked. We had plenty of talk 
 and whisky. 30th. Went down to John Reber's. Clerked here, 
 too. Another election of officers. Plenty of drink here, also. 31st. 
 Went to Michael Fought's, [near Chappell hollow.] Clerked at 
 another election. 
 
 August — . Captain Fought went along. Got to Baldy's before 
 breakfast. Another election. Plenty of cider royal. 8th. At Mil- 
 ton. The Flemings and Vincents there, raising a troop. 13th. At 
 Mr. Huston's, his daughter, though small, a great belle, [afterwards 
 wife of John Taggert, Esquire, of Northumberland. She is recently 
 deceased, 1871.] 
 
 September 6. Mr. Clingan and George went to John Cornelius' 
 funeral. Mathew Laird says he will be very much missed in his 
 family, as he was a very shifty man. Saturday, 19th. Over at the 
 camp-meeting beyond Milton. Went to town. Called at Dan 
 Smith's, William Pollock's, and drank wine at Calhoun's, with the 
 Barrs. Sunday night at camp. Sermon from Revelations, iii: 18. 
 The moon shining through the trees, the fire, candles in the camp, 
 the large, quiet crowd of people, made the scene romantic and 
 solemn. 20th. Great carrying on at camp. Criswell's boys got 
 happy. 26th. Mr. Bryson preached on Psalm cxxxiii. Billy Peak's 
 wife fainted in meeting. 
 
 October 3. Drank a morning dram with Mr. , the Metho- 
 dist minister from Lycoming, and went home with Robert Lyon. 
 He is very poor, but hospitable. 6th. At Franklin's. Albright and 
 wife there. Took dinner at Doctor Byer's. Called at Peak's. 
 Much diverted with the girls and Donaldson's wife and daughter. 
 Then called at Hayes' and Cramer's and went to George Clark's- 
 9th. Clingan brought home Mr. Hood and Reverend H. R. Wilson, 
 Bellefonte ; the latter a very facetious man. Comet still in view. 
 13th. Clerked at the election at Billmyer's. Tommy stole a bag 
 string to cure Trimmer's ancle. 20th. Review at Derrstown. Seve- 
 ral bottles in the evening. George stole a bag string for another 
 horse. 31st. My horse broke his bridle at Robert's tavern, Milton. 
 Staid and slept with old Peter Vincent. 
 
 Sunday, November i. Mr. Hood got a letter, stating that the 
 horse had ran away with his wife and Ann Dale, broke the chair, 
 and Mrs. Hood's leg. [This accident happened near Harrisburg. 
 
1807.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 3(>3 
 
 They were going to Chester county on a visit. Mrs. Hood was a Has- 
 let, from that county.] 2d. Tommy took sixty-eight bushels corn to 
 deGruchy's, at Northumberland. 7th. Mr. Hood and James Dale set 
 off in a boat to bring Mrs. Hood home. nth. Mrs. Hood arrived at 
 Derrstown. Mr. Wilson brought her home on a sled. Annie Dale 
 much hurt, too. [My uncle, Doctor W. I. Wilson, says he recollects 
 well of riding the horses attached to the sled which brought Mrs. 
 Hood to her home from the river.] 1 5th. Chngan's youngsters, Aunt 
 Dale's youngsters went with Mr. Haslet to visit at Senator Maclay's. 
 December 9. Clingan butchering. George Weikel assisting 
 Beau Barber here. Mr. Haslet and Mr. Hood helping butcher, 
 loth. George at a tramping frolic at Uncle Clark's, nth. Beaux 
 Kremer, Haslet, Barber here. " Where the carcase is, thither will 
 the eagles gather together." 12th. Billy Thompson died. 20th. 
 Mr. Hood preached from 11 Timothy, i : 10. The people seemed too 
 lazy to leave the meeting-house. There is a stove in it now. 21st. 
 Girls up at Mrs. Linn's last night. George, Nancy, Haslet, Sam 
 Maclay, Dale, &c. 24th. Shooting match at Zerbe's, [now John 
 Grove's.] 31st. Billy Forster and citizen Kremer at Chngan's. 
 George fired off guns at midnight. 
 
 The Leading Circuit Lawyers, by George A. Snyder. 
 
 At this time, the courts of Northumberland, Lycoming, and Lu- 
 zerne were attended by the lawyers of Lancaster, York, Harrisburg, 
 and Carlisle. From Lancaster came Charles Smith, one of the 
 ablest jurists of Pennsylvania. Mr. Hopkins also came, but seldom. 
 Bowie^ was the only one I can remember from York. Thomas 
 Duncan and David Watts, from Carlisle. From Harrisburg came 
 George Fisher, Thomas Elder, William Irwin, and others. Each 
 lawyer kept his saddle-horse.- The Lancaster, York, and Carlisle 
 lawyers met at Harrisburg ; when that court terminated, they came 
 to Sunbury ; then to Williamsport and Wilkesbarre. As their num- 
 bers were recruited at each county town, they formed a considerable 
 troop of cavalry on entering the two last places. 
 
 The nature and character of the law business were then different 
 from what they are at present. Almost all the important actions 
 
 ' Ralph Bowie, Esquire, died at York, Pennsylvania, October 22, 1816. He is said 
 to have been an elegant lawyer. — Linn. 
 
364 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1807. 
 
 were ejectments upon disputed original titles. The number of wit- 
 nesses was very great, the means of traveling scanty, the district 
 large, so that much allowance had to be made for failure of attend- 
 ance. The causes were, therefore, frequently continued, so that 
 they usually stood upon the trial list several years before they could 
 be acted upon. This, added to the dilatory habits always prevalent 
 in frontier settlements, produced that leisurely, time-wasting habit 
 of doing business which, until lately, characterized our county courts. 
 The lawyers of this district seldom undertook an important cause 
 without calling in the aid of Duncan, Watts, Fisher, or some other 
 able practitioner. 
 
 Duncan was a small man, with keen looking gray eyes, and a 
 sharp, unmusical voice. His knowledge of law was more extensive 
 and accurate than that of any of his compeers, and he possessed 
 great tact in the trial of a cause, almost always managing to put his 
 opponents, though they were plaintiffs, on the defensive — an im- 
 mense advantage in law as well as in war. My father placed him 
 upon the Supreme Bench, where he was considered an important 
 acquisition. 
 
 Mr. Watts was a large man, with a powerful voice. His self- 
 reliance was great, and of great advantage to him, for his abilities 
 were considerable. He contemned authorities, preferring to argue 
 his case from first principles, and this he did with much power. He 
 was apt to be violent and overbearing, and was in the habit of heap- 
 ing abuse upon his opponents. He was a good classical scholar, 
 and on that score was susceptible to flattery. He maintained that 
 squinting was an infallible mark of dishonesty. He himself squinted, 
 though he was not aware of it, and could not be convinced of it by 
 others. He spent his money with careless profusion. He died of 
 cancer, about the year 182 1. He wa.s the father of Judge Frederick 
 Watts, a man of talent and industry, and greatly esteemed for his 
 many excellent qualities. 
 
 George Fisher was a large man, of imposing exterior. Inferior 
 in ability either to Duncan or Watts, he was still able to make a 
 good figure at the bar. His practice was mostly confined to the 
 defensive side, as it was dangerous to allow him to collect money. 
 He lived to a great age — eighty-four, I believe. 
 
 Charles Hall, of Sunbury, was a good lawyer, and highly esteemed 
 
1807.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 365 
 
 as a man. He was shrewd, laborious, and very attentive to the 
 interests of his chents. He had not, however, the gift of a ready 
 speaker, being rather tedious. 
 
 Daniel Smith was the only lawyer of the district who could be 
 called eloquent in a high sense. 
 
 Daniel Levy, of Sunbury, outlived all the old lawyers, as they 
 were popularly called, except Mr. Bellas. He was a conceited 
 man, active as a cat, an insatiable dancer, and a hard fighter. He 
 had considerable science as a boxer, and although not large or strong, 
 his skill joined to his prodigious activity made him quite formidable. 
 His vanity and fondness for dress made him a capital butt, and sub- 
 ject of jokes for his fellow-members of the bar. He lived to the age 
 of seventy, and a fop to the last. 
 
 [I have dropped Mr. Snyder's strictures on the morals of these 
 old legal giants. But that the truth may be told in a general way, 
 drinking habits got the better of some of them.] 
 
 Hugh Bellas was the last survivor of the old lawyers. A man of 
 singular energy, and the most elastic spirit, I ever knew. He came 
 to this country from Ireland, when he was about ten years of age. 
 George Bellas, his father, was poor, and unable to educate his children. 
 Hugh was bound to Robert Irwin, of Northumberland, to learn the 
 mercantile business. Here he found a congenial spirit in Robert 
 Christie, the senior clerk. Robert was the son of an English teacher, 
 and had been well educated. Store-keeping was not then conducted 
 on the go-ahead style of the present, and our clerks, having consid- 
 erable leisure at certain periods, devoted themselves to reading and 
 study. Mr. Bellas' father was a strict Presbyterian, and had brought 
 up his family in the faith of that Church ; but the active and inde- 
 pendent mind of Hugh, let him into inquiries, which caused him to 
 reject Calvanism, and even to doubt seriously the entire christian 
 faith. About this time (1799) he heard much said of three re- 
 markable sermons of Doctor Priestly, on "habitual devotion," the 
 ''danger of bad habits," and the "duty of not living to ourselves." 
 Meeting the doctor one day, he expressed a desire to read these 
 sermons. "My young friend," replied the doctor, "I judge from 
 your opinions on the subject of revelation, that you would not be 
 able to appreciate these discourses. Before you undertake them, I 
 will, if you please, put a tract into your hands, the reading of which 
 
366 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1807. 
 
 will, I hope, prepare you for the doctrine of my sermons." The 
 seed fell into good ground and brought forth an hundred fold. 
 
 While at Irwin's, Mr. Bellas commenced studying law with Jon- 
 athan Walker, afterward Judge Walker. It was about the year 
 1803, Mr. Bellas applied for admission, but he met a most formi- 
 dable opposition. Every lawyer then at the bar in this district was 
 a decided Federalist, and as Mr. Bellas was not only an active and 
 influential Democrat, but of the plebeian stock,- the aristocratic gen- 
 tlemen objected to his admission, on the ground of his not having 
 studied actually in the office of Mr. Walker, but in a store, and while 
 conducting a business of another character. 
 
 Whether the court decided against him, or he was induced by the 
 clamor of his opponents to suspend application, I am unable to say. 
 This happened during the session of the court at Bellefonte. Re- 
 turning to Northumberland, and stating the case to Mr. Walker, the 
 latter advised him to employ counsel in his behalf, and renew his 
 application at Sunbury. Mr. Bellas accordingly retained Daniel 
 Smith, who brought his case before the court, and advocated it so 
 ably that an examination was ordered, and Charles Hall, the most 
 determined of his opponents, appointed one of his examiners. The 
 examination was held in open court, and was most rigorous. Mr. 
 Hall came prepared with a sheet of written questions ; many of them 
 mere trials of memory. Such as the date of certain statutes of Queen 
 Elizabeth. Mr. Bellas' memory was, however, never at fault. The 
 judge perceiving that he had no ordinary candidate before him, was 
 highly gratified. At one stage the judge asked him what is criminal 
 law? Mr. Bellas, after a moment's hesitation, commenced: Law is 
 a rule of action. Here the judge interrupted him in his quick, 
 nervous way, with " I don't want a general definition of law, but of 
 criminal law." Criminal law, resumed Mr. Bellas, is a rule of action 
 defining and prohibiting crime, and prescribing due punishment. 
 That will do, remarked the judge, I only asked the question in order 
 to try your judgment. There is no definition of criminal law in the 
 books. The three hours' ordeal passed. Mr. Hall most grudgingly 
 admitted that the young man had passed a satisfactory examination, 
 and recommended his admission to the bar. 
 
 My father, [afterward Governor Snyder,] who was at the time 
 county treasurer, witnessed the whole proceedings, and resolved to 
 
1807.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 367 
 
 patronize the young lawyer. He accordingly employed him in the 
 memorable Isle of Que case, which terminated in his favor, after 
 more than twenty years litigation. 
 
 Hugh Bellas, Esquire, died October 26, 1863, aged eighty-three 
 and a half years. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 May II, Peter Kreechbaum with Elizabeth Davis, in presence 
 of his father Peter, and brother George. 
 
 June 21, Martin Billmyer with Margaret Himmelrich, in pres- 
 ence of her parents, George Billmyer and wife, Stephen Frantz and 
 wife, George Withington, &c. 
 
 November 13, George Kreechbaum with Polly Keller, daughter 
 of George Keller, now in Sciota. 
 
 December 10, By Reverend Henry R. Wilson, Thomas Burn- 
 side, Esquire, to Miss Mary Fleming, of Bellefonte. 
 
 December 26, John Brobst with Lydia Marriner. Witnesses, 
 Sophia Nixon, Thomas Poak, John Conser, &c. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 February 15, Adam Young. 
 
 March 30, John Aurand, of East Buffalo. He was born in Dil- 
 lenberg, Germany, February 5, 17253 was, therefore, eighty-two 
 years six months three weeks and four days old. His grave, in 
 the Dreisbach yard, is unmarked, and possibly cannot be identi- 
 fied. His wife, Mary Elizabeth, died before him. His children 
 were : Henry, who lived and died in Snyder county ; Peter and 
 Jacob, lived in Reading; Daniel, in Sunbury; Reverend Dietrich, 
 who died in Huntingdon county ; George Aurand, Esquire, died 
 July 18, 1850, buried in the Hassinger grave-yard, near Middle- 
 burg, (father of Jacob Aurand, Esquire, of Middleburg;) Eliza- 
 beth, intermarried with Francis Zeller ; John, who died soon after, 
 (his widow Catherine married Henry Rhiem;) Abraham; Mary, 
 married to John Wolfe. His descendants are, like the sands of the 
 sea, innumerable, scattered all through New York, Ohio, Illinois ; 
 and the family Bible, written for by the agent in New York, which 
 will secure a large fortune to the family, can,'be produced by Jacob 
 Aurand, Esquire, of Middleburg. 
 
3(>S 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1807. 
 
 September t6, Florence, wife of Colonel John Clarke, aged sev- 
 enty-six. 
 
 William Thompson, of White Deer township, in the seventieth 
 year of his age. His remains were interred in the Presbyterian 
 burial ground, in Derrstown, followed by a numerous assemblage of 
 friends and relations. He left a widow, Jane, who died in Lewis- 
 burg. Daughter, Ruth; granddaughter, Nancy T. Reznor; son, 
 James. ^ 
 
 George Wilt, of West Buffalo, died in the spring. Widow, Cath- 
 erine. Children : Elizabeth, Adam, George, Barbara, and Mary. 
 
 Daniel Franklin, inn-keeper, died in September. 
 
 Wilham McKim, of Buffalo. Robert McKim. 
 
 Reverend John Hoge. Children: Ebenezer, Samuel, David, 
 Jonathan D., Elizabeth Brice, Mary Redrick, Priscilla Bennett. 
 
 David Katherman, West Buffalo. Children : Barbara, George, 
 Jacob. 
 
 Lewis Frantz. Children : Stephen, John, Jacob, Philip, Cathe- 
 rine, George, Margaret. 
 
 William Steele, of Buffalo. 
 
 ' Keverend James Thompson studied theology under Mr. Hood. Licensed, 1817. 
 April 17, 1819, installed pastor of Shaver's Creek and Alexandria churches. Died 
 October 8, 1830. Left a ■widow, Eliza, (Stewart,) one son, and two daughters. — See 
 Gxbs'>n''s History of the Huntingdon Presbytery. 
 
i8o8. 
 
 The First Baptist CnrRCH Organized —Political Affairs — Simon Sny- 
 der Elected G-overnor — Death of John Brady, (Sheriff,) and No- 
 tices OF his Family. 
 
 'EMBER of Congress, George Smith. Members of As- 
 sembly, elected in October, John Murray, Leonard 
 Rupert, Frederick Evans, and Andrew Albright. Clerk 
 of the Middle District of the Supreme Court, Johii L. 
 Finney. County Commissioner elect, Andrew McClenachan. Amos 
 Ellmaker, Deputy Attorney General for Dauphin and Northumber- 
 land. By the act of 21st March, Northumberland county was enti- 
 tled to four members of the House, and, with Luzerne, to two 
 members of the Senate. 
 
 January 23, the congressional caucus nominated James Madison 
 for President and George Clinton for Vice. 
 
 Under date March 16, the Argus notices a meeting of the Repub- 
 lican members of the Legislature, which declared unanimously for 
 Simon Snyder, for Governor. The Federalists, it says, favor James 
 Ross. The Quids, John Spayd. Democratic Presidential electors : 
 William Wilson, Robert Giffen, Jacob Hostetter. 
 
 29th March, Adam Wilt commissioned justice. May 15, Rev- 
 erend John Dietrich Adams, of the Reformed Church, called to the 
 Middle Creek, Beaver Dam, &c., churches. He accepted, and 
 seems to have served until 181 2, when he was excommunicated. 
 Tradition says love for strong drink was his ruin. Postmaster at 
 Mifflinburg, Thomas Youngman. During this year and the next, 
 the Reverend Jacob Diffenbach, of the Reformed Church, lived in 
 
 24 36() 
 
370 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1808. 
 
 Mifflinburg, preached there, and at times in Brush valley and Selins- 
 grove. He married a Miss Lydia Hughes, of Selinsgrove, subse- 
 quently removed to Espy town, and died there in 1825. One of his 
 children, Samuel Dieffenbach, resides near Selinsgrove, Snyder 
 county. 30th September, George Clark commissioned justice. 
 White Deer. James McClellan, Esquire, taught school at Cham- 
 berlin's mill. 
 
 Additional Residents in East Buffalo. — Baldy, Benjamin ; Beard, 
 Christian, blacksmith ; Brewer, John ; Bossier, John ; Christ, Adam, 
 junior ; Christ, Henry ; Dentler, John ; Deratt, Daniel, both on 
 Mathias Macpherson's place ; George, John ; Heiser, Frederick ; 
 Jackson, Robert, (colored;) Kitchen, John; Kline, Jacob; Mc- 
 Curdy, Daniel, at James Dale's ; Searfoss, George ; Shields, Wil- 
 liam ; Snook, Martin, (Jenkins;) Snook, Peter, (Jenkins ;) Snyder, 
 Daniel, blacksmith ; Taylor, Robert. 
 
 Lewisburg — Billman, Henry ; Clark, George ; Friedly, John ; Guy, 
 Thomas ; Horning, Conrad ; Kremer, George, store in Chamberlin's 
 building; Martin, John, carpenter; Myers, Peter; Rees, Daniel, 
 inn-keeper ; Sergeant, John, nailor ; Sitgreaves, Charles, saddler ; 
 Stillwell, Joseph, school-teacher ; Stroub, Michael, weaver ; Wagner, 
 Henry. 
 
 N'ew Berlin — Estrich, Christian, merchant ; Feather, Jacob, hat- 
 ter ; Frantz, William ; Fought, George ; Lehman, Thomas, school- 
 teacher ; McCullough, William ; Maurer, Adam ; Pontius, Henry, 
 junior, carpenter ; Smith, Peter, gunsmith ; Springer, Henry, chair- 
 maker ; Winter, Daniel, inn-keeper. 
 
 White Deer — Awl, Samuel and John, junior; Ferris, Joseph, on 
 William Clingan's place ; Heckle, George ; Heckle, Simon ; Hunt- 
 ingdon, Abraham ; Kline, Charles, on Ranck's place ; Thomas, 
 Arthur, miller. 
 
 West Buffalo — Charles, John ; Elert, Widow ; Elder, John ; 
 Geddes, Samuel ; Jodon, James ; Komp, Adam ; Kline, Jacob ; 
 Miller, Peter ; Shaup, Henry. 
 
 Mifflinburg — Clark, Widow Sarah ; Cronmiller, Martin, black- 
 smith ; Grove, Andrew, blacksmith ; Hofferd, John, taxed with 
 grist and saw-mill, late Christopher Johnson's, on Rapid run, after 
 whose death it passed into the hands of John Reish ; Lane, William, 
 hatter ; Yearick, Henry. 
 
1808.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 371 
 
 Enumeration of the Taxable Inhabitants of the different Town- 
 ships of Biffalo Valley — Buffalo East, four hundred and forty-seven, 
 and one slave \ Buffalo West, three hundred and seventy-four ; White 
 Deer, two hundred and five, and one slave ; Washington, eighty-one, 
 and one slave. 
 
 f'lrsi Baptist Church. 
 
 The first regular Baptist church in what is now Union county, 
 was raised under the labors of Thomas Smiley, in Washington (now 
 Gregg) township, and was recognized by sister churches October 23, 
 1808. Elder Smiley remained its pastor until his death, in 1832. 
 He was succeeded by George Spratt, M. D., 1 833-1 834; his son, 
 George M. Spratt, D. D., 1835-1839 ; William S. Hall, 1 840-1 843 ; 
 John Edminster, 1843-1847; William T. Bunker, 1849-1853; Pro- 
 fessor Robert Lowry, 1854; George Frear, D. D., 1855; Joshua 
 Kelly, 1857-1858; W. R. McNeal, 1859 ; Samuel W. Ziegler, i860; 
 J. Green Miles, 1861-1865 ; George W. Snyder, 1867 ; and J. Green 
 Miles since 1869. — O. JV. Worden. 
 
 Political. 
 
 Northumberland and Luzerne composed the senatorial district. 
 Centre, Lycoming and Northumberland composed the congressional 
 district. General Daniel Montgomery declined a re-election. At the 
 Democratic-Republican convention, held at Sunbury, on the 28th 
 of June, the delegates from Buffalo were Samuel Maclay and General 
 C. Baldy ; West Buffalo, John Wilson and Thomas Youngman ; 
 Penn's, Frederick Evans and Philip Moore; White Deer, Andrew 
 McClenachan and William Chamberlin. 
 
 The nominating convention was held at Derrstown, on the 20th 
 of August. Thirty-seven delegates from twenty townships. General 
 Robert Giffen was elected president ; Matthew Huston, secretary. 
 Simon Snyder was unanimously nominated for Governor ; George 
 Smith, of Lycoming, for Congress ; Nathan Palmer, of Luzerne, for 
 State Senator; John Murray, Andrew Albright, Leonard Rupert, 
 and Frederick Evans, for Assembly. 
 
 The Federal leaders of that day were General William Wilson, 
 
372 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1808. 
 
 Charles Hall, Esquire, Captain Christian Brobst, William Mears, 
 Samuel Miles, Esquire, John Buyers, &c. The canvass for Governor 
 this year was exceedingly bitter. Among other stories, was that the 
 Honorable Samuel Maclay had expressed himself in favor of James 
 Ross for Governor, at William McAllister's, in Juniata county, when 
 he and the Honorable Daniel Montgomery were on their return from 
 Congress ; that Simon Snyder had said in the presence of one George 
 Church, who made affidavit to that effect, that no poor man ought to 
 have the right of voting at an election ; that he had voted for a bill 
 to fine Mennonists and Quakers ^lo for not attending militia train- 
 ings ; that he intended, or favored, dividing the property of the rich 
 among the poor. The Snyder men were accused of suing the Ross- 
 ites for debts. Jared Irwin, the sheriff, certifies that Simon Snyder 
 has not issued an execution for twelve months ; Judge Cooper, that 
 Simon Snyder did not behave improperly in handing a paper to the 
 judge, &c. James Ross was declared to be a man of mercenary and 
 avaricious disposition ; accused of blasphemy and mockery of religion ; 
 said to be "the candidate of the nabobs and lawyers; that while 
 member of the United States Senate, he advocated the wresting of 
 New Orleans from the Spaniards by force, instead of acquiring it 
 by treaty. During the reign of terror, (Adams' administration,) his 
 violence for its measures secured him the Federal patronage." All 
 manner of tricks were resorted to. 
 
 Andrew Albright and Robert Smith were nominated by the Fed- 
 eral meeting, at Milton, for Assembly, although known to be Dem- 
 ocrats, in favor of Jefferson and his embargo. Both came out in the 
 Argus, disclaiming the nomination. 
 
 As early as this year, Andrew C. Huston, with John Frick and 
 others, issue an address, as representatives of the young men of North- 
 umberland county, in favor of Simon Snyder. Judge Thomas Cooper, 
 in a communication, vindicates the private character of Simon Sny- 
 der, although he did not feel at liberty to vote for either Simon 
 Snyder or James Ross. 
 
1808.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 373 
 
 OCTOBER ELECTION. 
 
 Buffalo, . . 
 West Buffalo, 
 Berlin, . . . 
 Svvinelbrd's, . 
 Milton, . . 
 Selinsgrove, . 
 MifSinburg, . 
 Beaver, . . 
 
 SNYDER. 
 
 ROSS. 
 
 311 
 
 68 
 
 300 
 
 70 
 
 209 
 
 10 
 
 166 
 
 8 
 
 467 
 
 127 
 
 237 
 
 28 
 
 49 
 
 32 
 
 138 
 
 8 
 
 Snyder's majority in the county, over both, was 2,927. Colonel 
 John Bull was the Federal candidate against Colonel George Smith, 
 for Congress. Colonel John Kelly, against Nathan Palmer, for 
 Senate. For Assembly, the Federal candidates were Sol Markley, 
 Robert Barber, Esquire, Abraham Miller, and Thomas Wallace. 
 Henry Musser was elected commissioner, over Theodore Kiehl and 
 James Smith. For presidential electors on the Democratic-Repub- 
 lican and Whig side — for the party recognize all three names — were 
 William Montgomery and Robert Giffen. The Federalists are called 
 the Tories. John Boyd was the Federal candidate for elector. 
 Vote, 2,793 to 221. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 March 22, John Freedly with Elizabeth Lehman, by H. Spyker, 
 in presence of Daniel Nyhart, her brother-in-law, &c. 
 
 May 4, Peter Myers to Sophia Nixon, by same, in the presence 
 of her step-father, James Marriner, and her mother, Peter Spyker, 
 George Graham, Thomas Poak, Margaret Graham, Betsy Smith, 
 Lydia Pross, &c. 
 
 May 1 7, by the same, Henry Zerbe with Susanna Heckel. Wit- 
 nesses : Adam Wertz, Peter Leonard, John Snyder, &c. 
 
 July 5, Peter Brown with Catherine Kantz, in presence of her 
 brother, Peter Kantz, brother-in-law, John Hartman. 
 
 March 24, by Reverend T. Hood, William Nesbit, of Chilhsqua- 
 que, to Nancy Musser, of East Buffalo. 
 
 November 29, George Freedly with Catherine Frantz, by H. Spy- 
 ker, Esquire, in presence of Andrew Billmyer and wife, George 
 Billmyer and wife, John Frantz, Jacob Frantz, Peggy Librunen, &c. 
 
374 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1808. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Samuel Dunning and James McCorley, White Deer. 
 
 Neal Madden, father of the late James Madden, Esquire, West 
 Buffalo. 
 
 17th May, Adam Christ, aged sixty-six. Left widow, Elizabeth. 
 Children : Henry, Ehzabeth, Eve, married to John Snook. 
 
 Elizabeth Earne, Buffalo. (Her daughter married Jacob Moore.) 
 Children: John, Anna M., Balisa, and Susanna. 
 
 Joseph U,ltz, of West Buffalo. 
 
 John Aurand, junior. East Buffalo. 
 
 James Boveard, East Buffalo, soldier of the Revolution. Enlisted, 
 1776, as private in Captain David Kilgore's company, eighth Penn- 
 sylvania, and served three years. His family as follows : Children : 
 Hannah, Robert, Alexander, Mary, married to Robert McBride, 
 Jane, to Doctor James Charleton, , to John Steans. 
 
 Daniel Metzgar, hotel-keeper at Lewisburg. His widow, Eve, 
 afterwards married to Colonel Christopher Baldy. 
 
 Saturday, 30th January, Mrs. Annie McBeth, of White Deer, 
 formerly of Cumberland county, buried at Buffalo Cross -Roads. 
 Her ancestors fled from Scotland on account of religious persecution. 
 They were of the first settlers at Brandywine, in Chester county. 
 She was twice married, first to John Fleming, and afterwards to An- 
 drew McBeth ; had four children by her first, and five by her last 
 husband. One of her sons fell at Long Island. — Argus. 
 
 27th July, Susanna Baldy, consort of General C. Baldy, aged 
 fifty two. A faithful observance of all the relative duties of wife, 
 mother, and friend, marked the conduct of this truly excellent wo- 
 man. — Argus, T^d August. 
 
 December 10, at Milton, John Brady, inn-keeper, and former 
 sheriff of Northumberland county, aged forty-eight. He is buried in 
 the cemetery at Lewisburg. His wife, Jane, survived him twenty 
 years, and is buried in the same grave. A mural monument, covered 
 with a heavy marble slab, marks their grave and that of Mary Brady, 
 widow of Captain John Brady. 
 
 John Brady's children were : Lieutenant Samuel Brady, born 2 2d 
 February, 1793. At the commencement of the war of 1812, he 
 served as a volunteer, under Governor Edwards, in a campaign 
 
1808.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 375 
 
 against the Indians. Tliey had one battle, defeating tlie Indians. 
 Shortly afterwards, he received a commission as ensign in the twenty- 
 second United States regiment, commanded by his micle, General 
 Hugh Brady, and served in the unfortunate campaign under Gen- 
 eral Wilkinson. In the summer of 181 4 he was attached to General 
 Brown's army, on the Niagara frontier. He was in the bloody battle 
 of Lundy's Lane ; a second lieutenant in the sortie from Fort Erie. 
 He was the only platoon officer of his regiment that was not either 
 killed or wounded in the former battle, and Major Arrowsmith was 
 the only field-officer of General Scott's brigade that was left on 
 horseback; See his letter to Captain B. Vincent, under date of 181 4. 
 
 After peace was proclaimed. Lieutenant Brady entered into an 
 arrangement with Captain John Culbertson, a brother officer, to go 
 on a trading expedition to the Rocky Mountains, supposing that, 
 upon the reduction of the army, he would not be retained in the 
 service. He was retained, however ; but thinking he could not, in 
 honor, break his engagement with the captain, he resigned. The 
 Government declined to accept his, resignation, and sent him a,n 
 unlimited furlough. His health, however, failed him, and he was 
 advised to winter in the South. He went to New Orleans, accom- 
 panied by his friend. Lieutenant Colonel Trimble, of Ohio, and 
 died there on the 17th of February, 1816, not quite twenty-three 
 years of age. He was six feet five, and a remarkably fine looking 
 man. His disease was hurried on by exposure in the Niagara cam- 
 paigns, when he should have been in the hospital, instead of the field. 
 In the Sunbury Times of that year, there is an eloquent obituary, 
 by his friend, Colonel Trimble, in which he says : "In Lieutenant 
 Brady's death, the country has lost an intelligent and gallant officer, 
 and myself a firm and distinterested friend." 
 
 William Perry Brady, his brother, was born i6th February, 1795. 
 He worked for a while at his trade — cabinet making — in Aarons- 
 burg. In 1813 he entered the army as private. His regiment was 
 at Erie when Perry was fitting out his fleet. The commodore, not 
 having a sufficient number of regular marines, called for volun- 
 teers. William was the first who volunteered. Before Perry sailed, 
 Colonel Hugh Brady came to Erie, and through his influence. Perry 
 appointed him a purser's steward. He was attached to one of the 
 small vessels, and was in the battle of the loth of September. His 
 
3y6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1808. 
 
 vessel had to be abandoned, and he was the last man to leave his 
 gun. His shirt sleeves were shot away. He took great pride in 
 the old shirt, and often showed it to his friends in after years. After 
 the battle, and the return of the fleet to Erie, William and two of 
 his Centre county friends, waited on the commodore. He granted 
 them their discharges, and advised them to return home and settle 
 in civil life, remarking that they had already rendered important 
 service to their country. William took his advice, returned to 
 Aaronsburg, and in a short time married Rachel Mussina, of that 
 place. In 1846, he was elected assistant sergeant-at-arms of the 
 Pennsylvania Senate, which place he retained until his death, at 
 Harrisburg, on the 4th of April, 1864. Every onC' having business 
 in Harrisburg in the last twenty years, will recollect the genial com- 
 panionship of William P. Brady. He survived all his children, 
 except one son, who died about one year after his father. 
 
 Jasper Ewing Brady, Esquire, the fourth son, was born March 4, 
 1797. He first learned the trade of hatter, and, after traveling from 
 place to place for two or three years, he settled in Franklin county, 
 Pennsylvania. He there abandoned his trade, and taught school 
 several years, meanwhile studying law. He was admitted at Cham- 
 bersburg in 1826 or 1827, and there commenced practice. In 1843 
 he was elected to the Assembly, and re-elected in 1844. During the 
 first session, although he represented an aati-improvement county, 
 he ofl"ered an amendment to the bill to reduce the State tax provid- 
 ing for the assessment of a three-mill tax, which redeemed the credit 
 of the State. He was treasurer of Franklin county for three years. 
 In 1846 he was elected to Congress, beating Honorable Samuel Hep- 
 burn some eight hundred votes. He was, however, defeated in 1848, 
 by Honorable James X. McLanahan. The Whig loss in the Carlisle 
 district was some two hundred votes. Mr. Brady was beaten only 
 one hundred and sixty-seven votes. In September, 1849, ^^ removed 
 to Pittsburgh, and practiced law very successfully until 1861, when 
 he was appointed to a responsible position in the paymasters' depart- 
 ment at Washington. He was removed in July, 1869, by General 
 Rawlings, then Secretary of War. He then resumed the practice of 
 law at Washington, where he died. 
 
 John Brady, the third, died several years ago. James, the young- 
 
1808.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ^jj 
 
 est, died in Franklin county, in 1829. He was a man of fine intel- 
 lect, and was thought to be the most talented of the family. 
 
 Of the daughters of Sheriff John Brady, Mary married William 
 Piatt, uncle of Judge Piatt, of Brady township, Lycoming county ; 
 Hannah married Judge Piatt ; Charlotte married H. C. Piatt ; Jane 
 married Roland Stoughton ; her descendants, Mrs. Lyndall's chil- 
 dren, still hve in Lewisburg ; Nancy married George B. Eckert, of 
 Lewisburg. 
 
 I am indebted to O. N. Worden, late of the Lewisburg Chronicle, 
 for the following narrative he took down at the time. He says : In 
 June, 1857, I took the following notes of a conversation 1 had with 
 Mrs. Mary Brady Piatt, aged seventy-two, born in 1785 : 
 
 "My father was a brother of Sam Brady, the Indian fighter. I 
 saw him once. He was then on a visit to my father's, at Sunbury. 
 I went with them over to Northumberland. On the way over, my 
 father asked Sam if he could jump as well as ever ? He said he could 
 not, but coming to a high fence in a few minutes, he sprung clear 
 over it, with but little effort. ' I never could do that,' said my father. 
 ' You could, if obliged to,' said Sam. 
 
 " Sam killed three Indians after peace was declared, and a reward 
 of ^300 was offered for his apprehension. Shortly after, he was sit- 
 ting with a tavern-keeper, in West Virginia, when two strangers, 
 Virginians, rode up, alighted, and asked for horse feed and dinner. 
 They laid their pistols upon a table, near which sat Sam, rolling his 
 rifle upon his knees. In the course of conversation with the land- 
 lord, they found out that he knew Brady, and that he lived in that 
 region, and was very popular. They told the laiidlord that they had 
 come to arrest him, and if he gave them assistance, they would share 
 the reward with him. The landlord said they could never take him, 
 nor could any one take him alive. They declared they could. ' I 
 am Sam Brady,' said the man at the table. They were startled. They 
 looked at him for a minute, and, estimating his power, waived the 
 attempt. After dinner, they went to the table to get their pistols. 
 Brady said they could not have those pistols, nor could the landlord's 
 entreaty or their threats prevail. ' Go back to your homes, and tell 
 them Sam Brady took your pistols,' was all the answer he made. He 
 afterwards gave their pistols to his sons. 
 
 " After awhile he delivered himself up for trial at Pittsburgh. He 
 
378 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1809. 
 
 was defended by James Ross. Brady laid the scalps on the bar. ' There 
 they are ; I killed them.' A great many women attended this trial, 
 or rather men in women's clothes, ready to rescue him, if convicted; 
 but there was no occasion for their intervention." 
 
 Mrs. Piatt, like her brother, the late William Perry Brady, re- 
 mained a Federalist to the last. She said when Washington was 
 burned, through the inefficiency of a granny President, her blood 
 boiled, and she longed to go, that she might shoot at least one 
 British invader. 
 
 1809. 
 
 Officials — Residents — Roan's Journal — Election Return — Marriages 
 
 AND Deaths. 
 
 OVERNOR, Simon Snyder. Surveyor General, Andrew 
 Porter, appointed April 4, vice Samuel Cochran. Dep- 
 uty Attorney General, E. G. Bradford, appointed Jan- 
 uary 19. Prothonotary, &c., Hugh Bellas, commissioned 
 January 3. Register and Recorder, John Frick, commissioned Jan- 
 uary 18. Sheriff, Daniel Lebo, commissioned October 24. Coro- 
 ner, Joseph Lorentz, re-commissioned October 24. County Com- 
 missioner elect, Henry Masser. Justices commissioned : Penn's, 
 Joseph Fiihrer, February 28 ; Mahantango, Michael Rathfon and 
 Philip Burchart, the same day. Postmaster at Lewisburg, William 
 Hayes. 
 
 Jamjs Moore, senior, built the bridge at the mouth of Buffalo 
 creek. 
 
 Tobias Lehman's property divided. His children were : Henry, 
 Barbara, married to George Baily, Elizabeth, married to John 
 Freedly, Margaret Spidler, Catherine, married to Daniel Nyhart, 
 
i809.j ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 379 
 
 Mary, married to John Browa, Freeily took the mills and four 
 acres; John Brown, one hundred and thirty-two acres one hundred 
 and one perches ; and Nyhart the tract next Derr's, fifty-five acres 
 one hundred and twenty-six perches. 
 
 Reverend John G. Heim became pastor of the Lutherans, at Dreis- 
 bach's church, where he remained until 1831. 
 
 East Buffalo Additional Residents — Aurand, Abraham ; Badger, 
 Joseph, tailor; Boveard, Robert; Brown, Peter, stiller; Clinger, 
 Adam; Gross, Mathias; Hauck, Andrew; Herbst, Henry; Jar- 
 man, Jacob ; Johnston, John, colored ; Knittle, Adam, shoe-maker ; 
 Shamp, Jesse; Sheckler, Martin, miller; Thompson, Samuel; 
 Thompson, Moses ; Updyke, Isaac ; Wise, Henry, shoe-maker ; Ze- 
 luff, David. 
 
 Lewis bur g—^3X^\V\\\, Doctor Ethan ; Espy, John ; Nyhar.t, Dan- 
 iel ; Smith, Robert. 
 
 White Z)„-^r— Bellas, James ; Davis, John, school-teacher ; Lan- 
 dis, Jacob, shoe-maker ; Smith, William Walker ; Sypher, Jacob. 
 
 West Buffalo — Anthony, Henry ; Bergstresser, John ; Bruner, 
 John; Caldwell, William; Hayes, John; Keeply, John; Koons, 
 •Peter ; Linn, Isaac ; Yerger, John. 
 
 Mifflinburg—Ku^lQ, Conrad; Haslet, John; Larabee, Widow; 
 Manly, John; Millhouse, Nicholas; Smelker, Godfrey, tavern; 
 Staple, Conrad; Wolf, Andrew; Young, Christian. 
 
 Roan's Journal. 
 
 14th January. Scholars at Mr. Hood's had a pubhc exhibition of 
 their speaking abilities. Elder Brown, Honorable George Kremer, 
 and others attended. Sunday 29th. Mr. Hood's text, John xiv : 6 v. 
 Thirty-six sleds and sleighs at meeting. 
 
 ■ February 9. Roan, Sally, Becky, and Bob Clark, and John Eaker 
 came and staid all night. Sunday, 12th. Saw a woman putting a 
 hippen to her child during church. Read twenty-two chapters, 
 verse about, to-night. 15th. Maclays and their connections spent 
 the day at Clingan's. i6th. George and Davy Reznor went to 
 Easton, with grain, in sleds. They returned on the 22d. 27th. 
 Billy Clark, Uncle Giddy, Wilson's, &c., at Aunt Dale's, in all 
 seventeen, for supper. Had two turkeys. 
 
38o ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1809. 
 
 March i. The young folks at Roan McClure's. Turkey for sup- 
 per, and plenty of cider and apples. 3d. Debate at Mr. Hood's 
 school-house. Question: " Is a lawyer a promoter of justice?" 
 12th, Sunday. No singing at meeting, as people cannot agree about 
 the psalms and music. 13th. Black Grace free to-day, and left us. 
 Seven Methodists dined at Clingan's to-day. 15 th. Met Doctor 
 Baldwin at Lewisburg to-day. He is a Democrat, full of ostenta- 
 tion. 1 8th. Mr. McClure's family, Richard Fruit and wife, Judge 
 Wilson and wife, came to my school to-day to hear the boys speak. 
 Wednesday, 2 2d. John Linn died last night. 23d. Went to John 
 Linn's funeral. Stopped at Baldy's, and wrote a piece on his death 
 for both papers at Northumberland. 
 
 April 8. Saw a clegyman, a Congressman, six esquires, and a 
 constable at Billy Poak's to-day. River very high. Congressman 
 Smith bought a silk shawl at Kremer's for Betsey Smith. i8th. 
 Planted the locusts at Clingan's ; got them down at Billy Clark's. 
 Eight ministers here, Mr. Wilson of Bellefonte, Mr. Bard, &c. 19th. 
 Planted some Lombardys. Presbytery in session. 2 2d. At North- 
 umberland; called at Seidel's, Jones', Taggart's, 'Priestly's, Welker's, 
 Irwin's, Huston's, and Bonham's. Spent the evening at Reverend 
 Isaac Grier's. He is a very friendly man. I heard Isaiah Linn was 
 buried to-day. 
 
 May 7th. Clingan came home from Lancaster. He had news of 
 General Bright's trial, Snyder's ignorance, foreign decrees revoked. 
 He brought the girls fashionable ear-rings. Tommy got fifty shad, 
 at Hoffman's, sent down from Lawson's. nth. Went to the review 
 at Voneida's, [near Samuel Maclay's.] Five hundred and fifty men 
 in line, and a great many spectators. Any number of studs. 13th. 
 A good foot-way made over the creek, at my instigation. Got the 
 slabs in Derrstown. Doctor Beyer and Dan Rees each gave a 
 bottle of whisky. 17th. Jimmy Thompson building a barn on the 
 Hafer place, for Clingan. 20th. Josiah Cander called, with pro- 
 posals for an astronomical wheel. I called at Esquire Clark's, 
 Captain Gray's ; then went to Derrstown, at Rees', Hayes', Poak's, 
 Black's, and Stillwell's. Saw crazy John Maclay at Metzgar's. I 
 and Sam Awl went to look after him. Called at Baldy's, then at 
 Captain Robinson's for shirting, and at Anderson's for lasts. 25th. 
 John Cochran, [surveyor general,] wife, and two sons at Clingan's, 
 
1809.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 381 
 
 with Mrs. Thompson. 29th. Violent storm last night ; blew down 
 trees, and took the roof off several barns and houses. 
 
 3d June. Went to Centre county, for balm of Gilead for Roan 
 Clark, who is sick. Fed at Wilt's, [Narrows.] Aaronsburg, at three. 
 Left with Evans Miles, and came to George Wood's. Had psalm- 
 singing, the old way, and prayers. He is a very religious man. 
 4th. Called at Kern's. Stopped at Benner's, (old fort.) Then to 
 Ludwig Reily's, on Hasting's place, where I got some leaves and 
 branches. Stopped at Barber's tavern, and back to Baker's — twenty- 
 four miles — a good Sabbath-day's journey. 5th. Left Aaronsburg 
 with John Forster. At eleven fed at Wilt's, and at Youngman's at 
 five. Stopped at Baldy's, with Holmes and Kimmell. 7th. Raising 
 at Hafer's ; sixty-eight feet by thirty wide, forty-two rounds high. 
 There were seventy people there. Finished before night, and then 
 had a sumptuous .entertainment. 12th. Called to see General Baldy 
 and lady, (married last night to Eve Metzgar.) 13th. Long John 
 Maclay called. He is from Genessee. 20th. Anne Roan Laird here 
 to-night, getting a dress for her name. 23d. William Patterson 
 here from Lewistowh. A social man and great talker. 28th. Called 
 at Lawyer Hall's, with Billmyer. Dined at Lebo's, with Lawshe. 
 Snyder lost his suit with Voneida. Judge Yeates called to-night. 
 Asked me how I could live honest, and be single. 
 
 July I. Called at Grier's, Shannon's, and Irwin's. Sent a snuff- 
 box to Mrs. Robert Lyon. Had business at Priestly' s with Rees 
 and Bonham. Met John Hayes at Jones'. 6th. Flavel bit by a snake. 
 Indigo extracted the poison. 13th. Jacob Zerbe married to Miss 
 Ferris. Mr. Hood called on the way home, and craddled all after- 
 noon. He is very jocose, and good company. 2 2d. Went to 
 Giddy Smith's, and read a play; then crossed the creek to Hudson's. 
 [Cameron's place now.] 30th. Ensign Seeley and others, from 
 Sunbury, at meeting to-day. Clingan came home by Derrstown, to 
 attend christening of Graham's children. 31st. I am forty-nine 
 years old to-day. 
 
 August I. Clingan had six hundred dozen on the Hafer place, 
 one thousand at home, and not a quart of whisky drank in all hay- 
 ing and harvesting. 2d. James Dougal commenced at the Latin 
 school. 3d. Fishing with Mr. Hood. 8th. Mrs. Nevius had a young 
 son. 9th. Mr. Potter's son came to the Latin school at Mr. Hood's. 
 
j82 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1809. 
 
 [W. W. Potter, Esquire.] 14th. Mr. Hood gave us Caul Kail pet, 
 II Peter, i : 5, 6, 7. Commenced to rain as the sermon closed, and 
 we were kept there two hours. 15 th. Stahl had his barn burned 
 with lightning, yesterday. Two horses killed. i6th. At Derrs- 
 town. Went with Cremer to Methodist meeting. Hamer squeezing 
 Nancy McDonald behind the stove. Returned and slept with Kre- 
 mer. 23d. Jamy Wilson hauled the stuff for the fence at my school- 
 house, and Cherry put it up. Sent Joseph Wallis for another bottle 
 of whisky for him. 27th. Tommy and sister, James McClellan, 
 Ruth Thompson, and others, went to church. At the river, men 
 rode over and the women were ferried at Milton. Met a great com- 
 pany, and went on to Warrior Run. Mr. Bryson preached in the fore- 
 noon. Two hundred and thirty-seven communicants. Mr. Hood 
 gave us C. K. p., 11 Peter, i: 5, 6, and 7. Mr. Nesbit asked my 
 advice about marrying. 30th. Referees sitting at Sunbury, on suit 
 Snyder and Drum. Sat up until midnight, talking with Esquire 
 Maus. 31st. Rode out to see John Cooke. Drank cider royal at 
 Shriner's. Dined at Reverend Grier's. Gave Ehza a copy of an 
 enigma. Carried widow Allison on behind me part of the way 
 home. Took a drink at Lawshe's. 
 
 September 2. Rode with McEwen to Alexander Griffey's, on 
 electioneering business. Went over the Muncy hills with Umbrella 
 Hayes, whom I met at Shannon's. Stopped at Frederick's, in 
 Pennsboro'. Met with Mrs. Pott's son-in-law, Fiester, and carried 
 him home with me on the horse, three miles. 3d. Went to Shoe- 
 maker's mills. Called on Robert Robb. He is eighty two; his wife, 
 seventy. Went to Williamsport. Fed at Mrs. Moore's, then to 
 Jaysburg, to Mrs. Dunlap's. Called to see John Davis and wife. 
 She is a great Baptist. 4th. Went to James Stewart's, from that to 
 Esquire Salmon's ; then to Larry's creek, at John Thomas' ; to She- 
 rer's, at Jersey Shore. Called to see Lawshe, and then to Morri- 
 son's, at Pine creek. 5th. Drank tea at Boyd Smith's. Great ball 
 at Wilson's. Judge Cooper and Mrs. deGruchy led off the dance. 
 Doctor Baldwin and wife there. 21st. The Governor's carriage in 
 Derrstown, with Fred Evans. They brought citizen Kremer home 
 in great pomp. 30th. Called on D. Smith, Esquire. He promised 
 to attend to my business, but got into company^ and soon got past 
 business. 
 
1809.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 3S3 
 
 October 19. The Governor's son, Prince John of the Isle of 
 Que, commenced school with me. 29th. Colonel Chamberlin's wife 
 had a young son, his twenty-third. He is above seventy-three years, 
 I believe. 
 
 November 3. Clerked at Mrs. Hutchinson's vendue all day. Con- 
 tinued over until to-morrow. Went to bed with the cryer and Der- 
 rickson. Four ladies and a child slept in a bed in the same 
 room. 7th. D. Reasoner married to Miss Hamil. i6th. Clerked at 
 Lawshe's vendue. Spent a high old night. Four from Milton, three 
 from Northumberland, and the sheriff full of mischief, not drunk. 
 Markley cried the sale. 21st. Sunbury court. Peter Smith's wife 
 fined one dollar for flogging Miss Adams. Esquire Youngman one 
 cent for whipping Doctor Smith. 23d. At Shaffer's for breakfast 
 this morning. Billy Covert and two other shoe-makers working at 
 Clingan's. [By the custom of that day, shoe-makers and tailors went 
 to the houses of their employers.] The shoe-makers made thi'rteen 
 pairs shoes, at 4^'. bd. per pair. 30th. At Dale's. Met Colonel S. 
 Dale on his way to the Assembly. [He was a son of Samuel Dale, 
 deceased, and represented Mercer and Venango.] 
 
 2d December. Went with Roan Clark and James Forster's son, 
 John, to Billy Forster's. Met Captain John Wilson there. Had 
 eleven sorts of diet for supper. 5 th. Got my shoes mended at Mr. 
 Espy's, in Derrstown. A dose of salts at Doctor Beyers'. loth. Mr. 
 Hood's text, Ecclesiastes, xi : 19-20. 13th. I gave one Meloner a 
 certificate that he was taken prisoner with me on shipboard. 17th. 
 At Derrstown, heard Kremer tell of arresting Langs for passing 
 counterfeit money at four taverns and two stores. i8th. Eight 
 strangers at supper. 19th. George, Tommy Scott, and Allison went 
 to Colonel Kelly's. A quilting party there. Plenty of rye there. 
 Mr. Allison, a spark of Betsey Kelly's. 25th. Christmas — very quiet. 
 Met some Penn's valley folks, Billy Clark, and gentry, going to 
 George's to spend the evening. 27th. Wa:lter Clark called, and 
 took George along to a " kicking frolic ". [Old settlers well know 
 what that means.] 28th. Party at Mr. Hood's. McClures, How- 
 ards, &c., there. Two turkeys and twelve sorts of diet. 30th. At 
 Milton. Called at D. Smith's, McKisson's, Donaldson's, McCann's, 
 Calhoun's, on Hannah Rees. Dined at Doctor Dougal's, with Sam 
 Hood. 31st. General Baldy's wife has a young son. 
 
384 AANALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1809. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 January 4, Henry Grove with Hannah Leisenring, of Lewisburg, 
 (by Henry Spyker, Esquire,) in presence of his three brothers, John, 
 Samuel, and Frank, two sisters, Betsey and Sarah, &c. 
 
 January 8, by same, Philip Frederick with Christena Brown, in 
 presence of John Brown and wife, T. Sheckler and wife, Peter Brown 
 and wife, Abraham Brown, George Frederick. 
 
 April II, by A. McLanachan, Esquire, John Vandyke to Miss 
 Margaret Adams, both of White Deer. 
 
 April 13, by same, John Ranck to Miss Nancy Luther. 
 
 June II, by Henry Spyker, Esquire, General Christopher Baldy 
 with Eve Metzgar. 
 
 June 28, by Henry Spyker, Esquire, Joseph Bower with Susanna 
 Machamer. 
 
 July 25, by Henry Spyker, Esquire, Lawrence Martin with Polly 
 Juge. 
 
 August 31, Robert Montgomery with Nancy Knox, in presence 
 of her father, George Knox, her brother, James, and sister, Bell, (by 
 Henry Spyker, Esquire.) 
 
 On Tuesday, the 12th October, by the Reverend Mr. Deffen- 
 baugh, Mr. John Sierer, aged sixty-five, to the amiable Miss Louisa 
 McMillan, aged nineteen, both of Buffalo ; and on Thursday, the 
 2ist ultimo, by Esquire Hamilton, Mr. George Knox, of Derrstown, 
 to Miss Jane Mcllroy, near Pine Creek. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Tuesday, 21st March, in the fifty-seventh year of his age, John 
 Linn, of White Deer township, of pleurisy, on the tenth day of his 
 sickness. He was buried at Buffalo Cross-Roads, on the Thursday 
 following. The funeral was attended by a large concourse of people. 
 He was an inhabitant of this county upwards of thirty-six years, and 
 twenty-one years an elder of Buffalo church, and principal clerk, 
 conducting the music. He came into the Valley in 1772, and en- 
 dured the hardships incident to the early settlement of the country, 
 frequently sleeping on his cabin floor, with a bag of grain for a 
 pillow, and his rifle by his side. During the year 1779, while' off 
 
1809.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 385 
 
 on a tour of service, his cabin was spoiled by the Indians. He was 
 married by his brother, Reverend Doctor WiUiam Linn, to Ann 
 Fleming, of Middleton township, near Carlisle. She was of the 
 Fleming family, of Chester county. Her ancestor, William Fleming, 
 came over before 17 14, and settled in Cain township, in Chester 
 county. From there, his descendants moved up to Cumberland 
 and Northumberland counties. John Linn's children were : Susan, 
 married to Wilham Thompson, (son of Captain James,) in 1804, 
 and shortly after removed to Venango county; Ann, married to 
 Andrew McBeth, a son of John McBeth, of Aaronsburg, died at 
 Greencastle, Indiana, October 1873, ^S^^ eighty-six; William 
 Linn, who moved to Miami county, Ohio, died there, October 26, 
 1834. John Linn, married to Mary F., daughter of Colonel Wil- 
 liam Chamberlin. He resides at Mount Vernon, Ohio. Margaret 
 Linn, married to Joseph McCalmont, of Venango county, died 
 February 7, 1873. The late James F. Linn, Esquire, of Lewisburg, 
 who died October 8, 1869, aged sixty-seven, and Jemima Linn, 
 who died April 17, 1873. 
 
 Doctor William Kent Lathy, of Northumberland, July 28. 
 
 August 10, Mathew Huston, q.6\\.qx oi Ai'gus , aged fifty-one years. 
 He was an officer in the Revolution, participated in the battles of 
 White Plains, Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, and Germantown. 
 Afterwards representative of the county of Philadelphia, and was six 
 times elected clerk of the House. Father of the late Mrs. Hannah 
 Taggert, of Northumberland, and of Andrew C. Huston, Esquire. 
 
 Albright Swineford died. His children were : Catherine Cum- 
 mings, (wife of John, senior, and mother of John J.,) George, Mi- 
 chael, Peter, and Jacob. 
 
 Adam Ranck, of White Deer. Children : Rachel, John, Daniel, 
 Noah, Mary, and Adam, junior. 
 
 Conrad Reedy, of Buffalo. Children : John and Jacob. 
 
 John Beatty. 
 
 October 22, Colonel John Clarke, aged seventy-three. He is 
 buried in the Lewis grave-yard. His children were : Jane, wife of 
 David Watson, (mother of John C, William, and David Watson;) 
 Joseph Clarke, who had two children, William and Grace. 
 
 October 6, Mary Hutchinson, of White Deer township, aged sixty- 
 seven, thirty-six years a resident of the Valley. Children : Sarah, 
 25 
 
j86 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1810. 
 
 wife of James Cornelius ; Mrs. Elizabeth Criswell, (mother of James, 
 of Lewisburg.) 
 
 John Swineford. Children : John, Mary, married to Jacob Foltz ; 
 Margaret, with George Snyder ; Susanna, with Jacob Fryer ; Eliza- 
 beth, with John Smith ; Catherine, with John Aurand ; Jacob, and 
 Albright. 
 
 1810. 
 
 Counterfeiters Arrested — ^Langs' Suicide — Daniel Doudle — Roan's 
 Journal — Notice of Nathan Evans. 
 
 |ENATOR, James Laird. Representatives, John Murray, 
 Jared Irwin, Leonard Rupert, Frederick Evans, elected 
 in October. Treasurer, David Taggert. Commissioner 
 elect, Joseph Gaston. Commissioners' Clerk, Nathan 
 Patton. Postmaster at Miflflinburg, Thomas Youngman. Henry 
 Yearick commissioned Justice of the Peace, June 4. 
 
 Passing counterfeit money seems a very prevalent offense. Doctor 
 Thomas Barrett, of Danville, convicted. George Langs and Jared 
 Langs also. Barrett made his escape from jail at Sunbury. Sheriff 
 Lebo was complained of for his negligence with prisoners. At April 
 term (20th) George Langs received his sentence. He bowed to the 
 ♦ court, and retired. The next morning his daughter called on him. 
 He asked her to withdraw a little while, and about one hour after- 
 wards he was found hanging on an iron bed, near the door of his 
 room. He was convicted of passing a counterfeit $20 note upon 
 John Sargent, of Lewisburg. 
 
 Additional Residents ' East Buffalo — Bird, John and William ; 
 Brewer, Matthew ; Brewer, Thomas ; Clements, Michael ; Gross, 
 Jacob, carpenter; Hahn, Andrew; Kreisher, Henry ; Lilly, Peter; 
 Slear, Charles; Zellers, George. 
 
1810.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 387 
 
 Le^Jsburg Bo^,r, Joseph; Gordon, John B., dyer; Hutchin- 
 son Alexander ; McClure, MatAevv; Pross, John. November 10, 
 McQuhae and Hepburn opened a new store 
 
 meSlnt^"'^''""'''"'"' "^"""^ ^ ''°^^' ^^^^^^^ ^^'^< >--' 
 _ White i?..r_Caldvvell, Daniel; Dieffenbach, Adam; Eyer Dan- 
 iel ; Guyer John ; Haas, Peter; Huff, Thomas; McKisson, James, 
 smgle ; Reed, Robert. 
 
 ^-/^.#^/._BeideIman, Valentine; Bilman, Dewalt; Braucher, 
 Christian ; Deal, John, carpenter ; Wright, John 
 
 J^i^/;.^..j_Montelius, John. John Bergstresser bought Henry 
 Snyder s mill on Rapid run. The latter probably died this year. 
 
 Daniel Doudle. 
 
 Daniel Doudle was an acquaintance of Governor Snyder in his 
 boyhood, and in maturer years he would sometimes pay the Gover 
 nor a visit, at Selinsgrove, and thus formed acquaintance with George 
 Kremer. After George moved to Derrstown, and established him- 
 self in business and a bachelor's hall there, Daniel extended his visits 
 thither, and became so much pleased that he resolved to forsake York 
 altogether, and remain with George. Accordingly, he sent for his 
 money, a considerable stock of dollars, and took up his abode in 
 Derrstown. He and George agreed very well, for George humored 
 him m all his whims, but he quarreled sadly with old Pe-gy Miller 
 the housekeeper. Sometimes he would come in a towering passion 
 to George, with -Now, George, I can't live with the old devil any 
 longer. Just send me off to Selinsgrove, to Simon, and he will send 
 me to York." -Well, well," said George, -Roan (Glark) or John ■ 
 shall take you and your money in the cart to Selinsgrove as soon as 
 you like." - Do you think," Daniel would reply, - I would trust 
 myself with the damned rascals? They would murder me for my 
 money before we got half way to Selinsgrove." Then an argument 
 would commence on the honesty of Roan and John, which generally 
 lasted until Daniel, in his rage against these two, had forgotten his 
 wrath toward old Peggy. At length, Daniel fell into the hands of 
 an old Methodist woman, who, by her exhortations, made consider 
 able impression on him. After spending an evening at Mother 
 
jSS ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1810. 
 
 Grove's, Daniel came home with a face so solemn and important 
 that the whole family noticed it, and, knowing where he had been, 
 the clerks followed him on his retreat to bed, and peeped and listened 
 at his door. Daniel locked his door, looked carefully around, 
 undressed, (taking off his hat the last of all, as was his custom,) 
 kneeled by the bedside, and commenced thus: " O, Lord God; " 
 then ensued a long pause. Up rose Daniel, exclaiming "It is too 
 damned cold to pray here ! " and jumped into bed. Whether Dan- 
 iel made another effort to pray is uncertain. He once acted god- 
 father for one of his friend's children. The clergyman asked the 
 name of the child. Daniel, understanding him to ask his name, 
 promptly replied : "Daniel Doudle, to be sure. Don't you know 
 me any more?" Daniel, at this time eighty years of age, usually 
 dressed himself once a day in state, in a blue silk-velvet coat, white 
 vest, ruffled shirt, brown silk-velvet small-clothes, and turned-up 
 shoes, and paraded himself down to the river bank and back, to 
 exhibit himself to the ladies. He lived to be one hundred and one 
 or one hundred and two years of age, dying in August, 1828, at 
 Mr. Kremer's, near Middleburg, where his bones rest with those of 
 his friends, Frederick Evans and George Kremer. Certainly three 
 more singular men were never so intimately associated in life and 
 rest so close together in the solemn silence of death. 
 
 Among other characters of this date, were Billy Nicholas, a car- 
 penter of White Deer, and old Mr. Mook, the revolutionary soldier. 
 Saturday was the usual day to assemble in Lewisburg, and getting 
 pretty drunk, old Mook asserted he could " hex a bullet" at an hun- 
 dred yards. Mook held a silver bullet in his hand and began pow- 
 wowing. Billy shot from the porch of Metzgar's tavern, knocked 
 the bullet out of Mook's finger, skinning the latter considerably, 
 thus disabusing Mook's mind of the idea that he could "hex." 
 
 Roan's Journal. 
 
 January 23. T. Clingan had a water-smeller, to find where he 
 should put the well on his place. Grand ball at Baldy's. Poaks 
 and a number from Milton there. 24th. Rees' vendue at Derrs- 
 town. 
 
 April 8. T. Clingan, Wilson Smith, and I went to Daniel Smith's 
 
1810.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 3S9 
 
 funeral ; eighteen chairs and carriages ; one hundred and twenty on 
 horseback. 1 4th. Planted two Lombardys at the school-house. Met 
 Mr. Coryell at Poak's. He brought his family from Williamsport 
 in a canoe. 17th. Review day. Seven hundred on parade at Derrs- 
 town. 
 
 June 2. Hoffman sold his place to one Boal. 3d. At Chillis- 
 quaque grave-yard. Saw Dan Smith's grave. 4th. I dreamed 
 Dan Smith came to life, and exhorted us to " remember our Creator 
 in the days of our youth." Hail storm broke a great quantity of 
 glass at Derrstown. 5th. George Clark left for the State of Ohio, 
 nth. John Clark died. 12th. Fair at Sunbury. i8th. General 
 Baldy's flitting in town. Moving to Cayuga lake. 2 2d. Fast day. 
 Clerked at the election of elders. 23d. Mr. Grier ordained four 
 elders. 
 
 July 3. Rode with Adam Smith to Centre county. Stopped at 
 Wilt's and fed at Miles', at Aaronsburg. 4th. Met Esquire Woods, 
 Barbers, and a great company at Gregg's. 5th. At Mrs. Van Horn's, 
 a very fashionable old lady. Dined at James Potter's, with Doctor 
 Dobbins. 6th. Saw the grave Nuby was stolen from. 27th. Fair 
 at Derrstown. 29th. Buffalo creek higher than it has been for twenty 
 years. Mr. Hood could not attend church. Hudson's surrounded. 
 
 August 2d. Esquires Hall, Evans, Albright, and Maclay at an 
 audit, in Derrstown. 9th. Black Judy came to wash. 24th. Met 
 John Hayes and his brother, Patrick, at Esquire Gray's. 31st. 
 Thirty bills for bastardy before the grand jury. 
 
 September 6th. Robert Boveard married to Hugh Wilson's daugh- 
 ter, the amiable Miss Peggy. 
 
 October 4th. Mr. Priestly got Clingan's carriage to carry his 
 family to Philadelphia, on their way to England. 9th. Clerked at 
 the election, at Derrstown. One hundred and forty-eight votes 
 polled. George Smith candidate for Congress ; no opposition. 
 James Laird vs. A. McKinney for Senate ; Laird elected. ' Candi- 
 dates for Assembly, John Murray, Fred Evans, Jarad Irwin, Leon- 
 ard Rupert, D. Montgomery, and Samuel Maclay. Commissioners, 
 George Holstein and Flavel Roan. 13th. I have seven hundred 
 and eighty-six majority for commissioner. 14th. Hugh McLaugh- 
 lin's wife buried. i6th. Battalion at Derrstown. Sergeant and 
 James Patterson had a box. Great dinner at Billmyer's. 
 
39° ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1810. 
 
 November nth. Esquire Harding here, on his way from Luzerne 
 county to Kentucky. His horse got lame ; they killed a cat and 
 put it to his foot. 
 
 December 3d. Doctor Dougal dissected black Tom, and made an 
 anatomy of him. i8th. Went to Esquire Gray's to see Samuel 
 Hutchinson married to Jenny Wallace. Groom did not come. I 
 went up to Hoffman's to see what was the matter. He coyld not 
 cross for ice. Came down in a sleigh to Nesbit's, and crossed there. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 March 13, Moses Bower with Catherine Moyer, daughter of Philip, 
 in presence of her brother, Peter, John Fulmer and wife. March 15, 
 Joel Ranck with Sarah Long, daughter of Joseph, in presence of his 
 father, John Ranck. May 27, George Bower with Polly Smith, 
 daughter of Michael, deceased. August 26, Sunday, Anthony Selin, 
 of Selinsgrove, to Miss Catherine Yoner, of Sunbury. Same day, 
 Conrad Weiser to Elizabeth Snyder, both of Penn township. Octo- 
 ber 7, Philip Stahl with Susanna Spotz. October 9, Wilham High- 
 land with Mary Gann, widow of Christian. November 11, Michael 
 Meyer with Sarah Kelley. December 13, by Reverend T. Hood, 
 Washington Dunn, of Lycoming county, to Miss Betsy Musser, of 
 White Deer. December 18, by Reverend Mr. Patterson, Samuel 
 Hutchinson, of Derry, to Mrs. Jenny Wallace, daughter of Captain 
 William Gray, White Deer. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 April 6, at his seat, at Milton, aged forty-five, Daniel Smith, 
 Esquire, attorney-at-law. Left a widow, Cassandra. Children : 
 Samuel, Jasper, and Grace. He was buried at Chillisquaque grave- 
 yard. July 7, Alexander Hunter, former treasurer of the county. 
 Joseph J. Wallis, deputy surveyor. Peter Getz, East Buffalo. July 
 4, John Weirick. Children : William, Sarah, and John. October 
 15, Albright Swineford, born February 16, 1728. Henry Myers, 
 West Buffalo. Children : Henry, Daniel, Valentine, William, John, 
 Elizabeth, wife of Royer, Mary, and Eve Maria. Joseph Ultz, West 
 Buffalo. November — , Thomas Forster, of West Buffalo. Left 
 
1811.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jgi 
 
 widow, Jane. Children: John, William, Thomas, Mary, and Eliz- 
 abeth Jane. 
 
 Nathan Evans died this year, and his widow removed to Bucks 
 county with his family. He was an active christian, and he and his 
 wife were Baptists. He was in the habit of preaching at Baptist 
 meetings, although not a clergyman. His granddaughter, Mrs. 
 Professor C. S. James, of Lewisburg, has in her possession many 
 abstracts of his sermons, preached in the Valley. 
 
 1811. 
 
 Hartley Township Erected — Presbytery of jSTorthumberland Formed 
 — Impeachment of Judge Cooper— Reverend Yost Henry Fries — 
 Death of Honorable Samuel Maclay. and ISTotice of his Family. 
 
 EMBER of Congress, George Smith. Senator, James 
 Laird. Members elected in October, Samuel Bond, Ja- 
 red Irwin, Andrew McClenachan, and Frederick Evans. 
 President Judge, Seth Chapman, commissioned July 11, 
 Register and Recorder, John L. Finney, commissioned April 3. 
 County Commissioner elect, Flavel Roan. 
 
 April sessions, Robert Barber, John Wilson, and Peter Fisher 
 reported favorably to the erection of a new township, to be called 
 Hartley, by the following boundaries : Beginning on the line be- 
 tween West Buffalo and Washington townships ; thence along the 
 same to the four-mile tree, on Reuben Haines' road, on the line of 
 Centre county ; thence south along said line, across Penn's creek, 
 to the top of Jack's mountain ; thence along the summit, to a point 
 south of where Adam Laughlin formerly lived ; thence north across 
 Penn's creek, and by a line of marked trees, to the beginning. 
 
 By a resolution of the Synod of Philadelphia, May 16, the Pres- 
 bytery of Northumberland was set off from that of Huntingdon by 
 
392 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1811. 
 
 the following line : Beginning at the mouth of Mahantango creek, a 
 north-west course to the west branch of the Centre and Lycoming 
 county lines, leaving eastward Reverends Asa Dunham, John Bryson, 
 Isaac Grier, John B. Patterson, Thomas Hood, and their respective 
 charges, and the vacant charges of Great Island, Pine Creek, and 
 Lycoming. 
 
 Additional Residents of West Buffalo — Aikey, Lewis ; Beaucher, 
 Jacob ; Orwig, Jacob ; Schnure, Christian ; John Bergstresser, taxed 
 with oil and fulling-mills. 
 
 Mifflinbtirg — Clark, Roan, merchant ; Wallis, Doctor Thomas. 
 
 White Deer — Boal, John ; Covert, Isaac, ferry at Caldwell's ; 
 Davis, Stephen, miller at Dan Caldwell's ; DeHaven, Jacob, shoe- 
 maker, on Roan McClure's place ; Heitzman, Jacob ; Leiser, Jacob ; 
 Mervine, Samuel, brick-maker ; Sypher, Peter; Williman, Thomas. 
 
 Additional Residents in East Buffalo — Albertson, John, Jenkins' 
 place; Betz, John ; Beaver, Peter ; Brown, Abraham ; Dieffenbach, 
 John ; Hafer, Michael, at Hugh Wilson's ; Hamilton, Francis ; 
 Hentzleman, George ; Highlands, William ; Howard, George ; 
 Kreechbaum, Peter, junior ; Kremer, Charles ; Leiby, Jacob ; Lytle, 
 Samuel ; McCrea, Robert, shoe-maker ; McDonnel, John, weaver 
 at Jenkins' ; McFadden, John, tailor ; Newman, Michael ; Newman, 
 John; Phillips, George ; Shannon, Joseph ; Shirtz, William, weaver ; 
 Smalley, Abraham. 
 
 Lewisburg — Collins, Joseph, tailor ; Donaldson, Robert ; Evans 
 & Kremer, store ; Kemerer, Charles, tailor ; Langs, Widow ; Mc- 
 Quhae, WiUiam ; Miller, Andrew ; Wilson, William, store-keeper. 
 
 New Berlin — Charleton, James; Dennis, Jacob, blacksmith; 
 Dennis, John, junior, cordwainer ; Hubler, Abraham, weaver ; Yost, 
 Casper. 
 
 Improvements — Daniel Clarke, tan-yard in White Deer. 
 
 Domestic Incidents. 
 
 Uriah Silsby commenced singing schools in the Valley. 
 
 January i6. An article appears in the Argus in favor of the 
 division of the county. The distance the people have to travel, the 
 expense of ferriage over the river, then an appeal to the pocket on 
 account of the expense of ornamenting the town of Sunbury. Ap- 
 propriation for a fire engine there. An appropriation that was 
 
1811-] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jpj 
 
 urged for the building of fire-proof buildings for the records. This 
 was the entering wedge of the erection of Union county. In the 
 succeeding paper was a strong argument, founded on increase of the 
 value of property in the new county. Nearer market for purchase. 
 Facility of reaching the county seat. ^Saving of expense of court 
 trials. 
 
 from Diary of James McGlellan, Esquire. 
 
 April 9. Had my house and barn consumed by fire. Lost grain, 
 meat, and everything but a little flour. Happened between ten and 
 eleven, a. m. Received the same evening, of John Rangier, two 
 loaves of bread, a shoulder, potatoes, cabbage, &c. James Thomp- 
 son, a bag of corn and hay; Joshua Ewing, bag of corn, &c. Next 
 day, of William Irwin, Esquire, bag corn, two bushels wheat, load 
 of hay. Matthew Irwin, dry peaches, wheat, &c. William Clin- 
 gan, wheat and rye, and other articles from John Frantz, Jacob 
 Reedy, Jacob Dunkle, Martin Dreisbach, Jacob Hinely, John Stahl, 
 John Kelly, William Dunkle, Samuel Templeton, Mrs. Linn, 
 Samuel Sterret, John Baker, Jacob Baber, David Watson, Peter 
 Dunkle, John Kaufman, Thomas Howard, Hugh Wilson, William 
 Hayes, James Magee. Reverend Isaac Grier, Academy at North- 
 umberland, the educational point. Latin and Greek languages 
 taught for ^24 per annum. 
 
 77?^ Impeachment of Judge Cooper. 
 
 The first charge against him was fining persons and immuring 
 then in prison for whispering in court. Cooper's reply was, one 
 Hollister, a constable, was merely given in custody of the sheriff 
 one hour, until the disposal of a case, and then fined $2. This was 
 at Wilkesbarre, in 1807. 
 
 Second charge. Imprisoning a respectable citizen for wearing a 
 hat, in conformity with a religious habit. Cooper replies that he 
 did not recollect the circumstances exactly, and presented the affi- 
 davit of Doctor James Dougal, who says he was present in court, 
 and on account of the confusion and deafening noise there was for- 
 merly in court, he recollected the circumstances vividly. John 
 Hanna was standing close to the bar, with his hat on. A young 
 
394 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. \\%\\. 
 
 looking man stood behind him, with his hat on also. Judge Cooper 
 arose and said : I will thank you, Mr. Hanna, to tell that young 
 man to take his hat off. The young man walked away. Judge 
 Cooper waited a little while, and then said to Mr. Hanna : I will 
 thank you to pull off your own. Hanna made no reply. The 
 judge repeated the request. Hanna replied in a coarse, low voice, 
 which I could not hear distinctly, but I thought he said, if you want 
 it off, take it off yourself. The judge then said, this is not a wor- 
 shiping assembly, nor a play-house, nor a dance-house. Is a court 
 of justice entitled to less respect than any of these places ? And 
 then requested him again. On Hanna making the same reply, I 
 believe, as above, the judge said : Sheriff, take this man to jail. 
 The sheriff took Mr. Hanna by the hand and they both walked off. 
 Judge Cooper then states that Hanna lived at Northumberland, and 
 was an old neighbor. He had never heard or suspected that he. had 
 any scruples on the point; that he asked him when he came to fine 
 him, whether he was a Quaker, and he said not ; then whether he 
 had any religious scruples on the subject, he said yes. I then said, 
 if he had said so, that would have been sufficient to entitle him to 
 keep his hat on.^ 
 
 Third charge. After sentencing a felon, calling him from prison, 
 and pronouncing a second sentence, increasing the penalty. This 
 referred to the case of young Gough, a horse-thief, convicted at 
 Wilkesbarre. The court sentenced him to twelve months, he having 
 plead guilty. The next morning, Judges Hollenbach and Fell in- 
 formed Judge Cooper they had understood he was an old offender. 
 I gave it as my opinion, says Judge Cooper, that during the ses- 
 sions, the judgments were in the power of the court, and subject to 
 revisal. He was re-sentenced to three years. 
 
 Fourth charge. That he has decided important causes in which 
 
 > It is not many years since the courts in Olearfield county were also hard to keep in 
 hand. The folks stood around, as Judge G-. W. Woodward said, like people in an 
 auction-room. When the Honorable James Burnside held his first court there, the 
 people crowded in among the lawyers, and in front of the bench. An indictment 
 was brought against one Pennington. The judge called out: "Is Pennington in 
 court?" A stalwart man standing in front of the crowd, said : " Jedge, you better 
 call out the whole damn grist of the Penningtons." The judge put on a severe 
 look, and commenced a lecture to the man for disturbing the court. After he pro- 
 ceeded awhile, the man said: "Hush up, jedge, you are making a damned sight 
 more disturbance than I did." 
 
1811.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. . jg^ 
 
 he was interested. Judge Cooper's contradiction is too long for in- 
 sertion. 
 
 Fiftli. Setting aside the verdict of the jury in an intemperate and 
 passionate manner. In the case of Albright and Cowden, Judge 
 Cooper and his associates, Wilson and Macpherson, agreed in opin- 
 oin. Judge General Montgomery differed. Judge Cooper charged 
 the jury, and General Montgomery also, and the jury w8nt with the 
 latter. The verdict was set aside by Judge Cooper. The latter 
 denied intemperance of language. 
 
 Sixth. Browbeating counsel and witnesses. Judge Cooper admits 
 reprimanding members of the bar, for unprofessional conduct, in 
 managing a cause ; for making statements not supported ; for per- 
 severing in objections, after the court had decided : for want of 
 silence, and keeping order ; but denied anything further contained 
 in the charge. 
 
 Seventh. That he appeared armed. Judge Cooper says he never 
 carried arms but once, and then on the road from Northumberland 
 to Williamsport, as he had been warned that he would be attacked. 
 After calling the jury at Williamsport, Judge Cooper went off the 
 bench, and made information against the party who had threatened 
 him. The party, a professional gentleman in the neighborhood, of 
 good character, came forward, and, finding himself mistaken, the 
 complaint was dropped. 
 
 Eighth charge. That he refused to hear persons in their own de- 
 fense. This denied in toto. 
 
 Ninth. That he had issued a proclamation against horse-racing, 
 and then ordered a suppression of the proclamation. Judge Cooper 
 says : This is true. Some of my friends, engaged in the said horse- 
 race, applied to me, and stated that horses were expected from Phil- 
 adelphia; that the county was generally notified, and that there 
 would be a great assemblage of people ; that the tavern-keepers had 
 made expensive preparations, and that it was too late to put a stop 
 to the meeting. They said if I insisted in my opposition to the race, 
 they would submit to the law ; but this should be the last race, and 
 they would be individually responsible for keeping order, suppress- 
 ing gambling, riot, &c. This was acceded to, and there has been 
 no horse-racing since in Sunbury or in the county, that I know of. 
 
 Tenth charge. Fining and imprisoning a constable for neglecting 
 
39(> ■ ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1811. 
 
 to execute a process issued contrary to the Constitution and laws. 
 This referred to the case of Conner, who so misused the warrant 
 Judge Cooper had issued for arresting Jacob Langs, a counterfeiter, 
 that the latter escaped. Judge William Montgomery, of Danville, 
 although he frequently differed with Judge Cooper, came out in a 
 strong affidavit, in which he said Judge Cooper was a good lawyer, 
 earnest in preparing public business, prompt in his decisions, and 
 clear of partialities, and that he had, with manly firmness, opposed 
 further and unnecessary litigation, and disposed of the charges as 
 far as they referred to Judge Cooper's practice in Northumberland 
 county. 
 
 The committee to investigate the charges met on the yth of March, 
 (at Lancaster.) ' John B. Gibson, Samuel Dale, and Jared Irwin were 
 of the committee. Mr. Duncan, of Carlisle, appeared for Judge 
 Cooper; Mr. Greenough, for the petitioners. Jared Irwin com- 
 plained to the committee that Daniel Levy, Esquire, was interfering 
 outside in favor of Judge Cooper; whereupon, Mr. Duncan dis- 
 claimed having any connection with Mr. Levy, and added, that it 
 was this young man's folly that caused Judge Cooper to be here. 
 After an examination of Charles Hall, Esquire, Frederick Evans, 
 and many other witnesses, the committee reported that the Judge's 
 conduct had been arbitrary, unjust, and precipitate, and in favor of 
 an address to the Governor for his removal. ''More than two thirds 
 of the Legislature voted for his removal," says the Argus, of April 3. 
 The witnesses called on his side were Doctor Dougal, Joseph Priestly, 
 George Kremer, Colonel D. Montgomery, Charles Hegins, John 
 Cowden, E. G. Bradford, &c. "Judge Cooper spoke four and a half 
 hours, in a very eloquent and impressive manner." — Ibid. In the 
 Argus of the 17th, the testimony of the witnesses is printed in full. 
 Judge William Wilson (of Chillisquaque) says: "The court was 
 very disorderly before Judge Cooper's time. I have seen Judge 
 Rush leave the bench. It is now very orderly. Judge Cooper can- 
 not see very well. John Dreisbach, of Mifflinburg, was one of the 
 parties Judge Cooper fined for talking to a witness. Dreisbach said 
 he was merely telling the witness that court had adjourned, as the 
 man was hard of hearing. Esquire Youngman came forward to 
 speak in my favor, and the judge told him he would fine him a 
 dollar if he did not keep still." The courts in May were held by 
 
1811.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jgj 
 
 Judges Wilson, Montgonaery, and Macpherson. A queer rule was 
 adopted : "No bills on the return of a constable, unless at the re- 
 quest of the mother of the child, or the overseers of the poor, or by 
 special direction of the court, should be returned." 
 
 September 17, convention met at Derrstown, and made the fol- 
 lowing nominations : Simon Snyder for Governor ; Jared Irwin, 
 Frederick Evans, Samuel Bond, and Andrew McClenachan for mem- 
 bers ; Commissioner, Henry Vanderslice ; Auditors, Hugh Wilson, 
 (ridge,) Charles Gale, and Andrew Albright. 
 
 The election returns gave Simon Snyder all the votes, except 
 twelve, polled in Buffalo for Jacob Bumberger. Bond, Irwin, Mc- 
 Clenachan, and F. Evans were elected to the Assembly, with Henry 
 Vanderslice for county commissioner. Auditors as above. 
 
 Argus, of November 13, says: "William Hayes, of Derrstown, 
 raised five pumpkins on one vine, largest weighing one hundred and 
 sixty pounds ; least, fifty-four pounds." 
 
 Roan's Journal. 
 
 February i . Judge Cooper a good deal annoyed about the peti- 
 tions to remove him. 2d. Stopped at Irely's, (Winfield.) 4th. 
 Scurrilous poetry circulating among the neighbors about last hallow- 
 een night. [The family feuds in the Valley may be traced to this 
 practice. It will be all understood by the old residents.] Entry of 
 the 7th. James Dale and James McClure had a bout at Derrstown 
 about hallow-een night stories. 14th. Mr. Barber married to Polly 
 Vanvalzah. 19th. Thomas Proctor and Polly Musser married. 
 
 March 5. At Jimmy Wilson's: three Moores, of Lycoming, two 
 Vanvalzahs, Bob Fruit and Nancy, two of the Nevius girls, and 
 Polly Darragh, at the spinning. March 8. Tailor McFadden work- 
 ing at Clingan's. James McClellan had his house and barn burned. 
 13th. R. Mc and Aaron C would have fought at Rees' to- 
 night, but Long John Maclay prevented them. All about hallow- 
 een night. 20th. Concert of the singing-school at Derrstown. Eat 
 cakes and drank cider with a number of young ladies and gentle- 
 men at Granny Phillips'. 29th. Firing of cannon and rejoicing at 
 Northumberland, on account of the removal of Judge Cooper. 
 
 April 5. Citizen Kremer has lost popularity by taking Judge 
 Cooper's part. 
 
3g8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1811. 
 
 May 1 8. Great horse-race at Derrstown. 
 
 August 19. The new Judge, Chapman, took his seat. 
 
 September 8. A blazing star, like a comet, appeared in the north 
 for some time. 17th. Nominating convention met at Derrstown. 
 McLanachan put on the legislative ticket, with Evans. i8th. Comet 
 still visible, going around the north star like the pointers in the 
 bear. 19th. Quilting at Mr. Laird's. Thirty ladies there. Hayes 
 says Fred Evans is a Burrite. 29th. Graham had a child baptized 
 Caroline. 
 
 October 8. Election at Derrstown. Two hun^^ed and forty-six 
 votes polled. Eeople pretty quiet. 15 th. William McQuhae mar- 
 ried to John Cowden's daughter. 2 2d. Review at Derrstown. Fid- 
 dles going all day at the tavern. 26th. John Musser, with Thomas, 
 at Philadelphia. He had a horse stolen there. It takes two weeks 
 to make the trip. 
 
 November 9. Called at Giddy Smith's, to get signers to the peti- 
 tion for a new county. Giddy says there are too many Federalists 
 on the petition, nth. Esquire Vincent, Esquire Brown, and Mr. 
 Iredell here on a road view. They are very jocose, sociable, and 
 funny men. 
 
 December 1 1 . James Clark took Flavel home with him to a kick- 
 ing frolic. 17. T. Woodside here, surveying Mr. Lyons' land, sold 
 to Frantz. 
 
 Governor Snyder's message, of December 3, is worthy of remark, 
 as containing an emphatic protest against slavery, and also a strong 
 recommendation of the canal system. 
 
 That noted divine, Yost Henry Fries, now enters the Valley, and 
 his wide-spread influence takes its start. The Reformed congrega- 
 tions had become vacant, by the resignation of the Reverend Jacob 
 Dieffenbach, in 1810, and Mr. Fries was induced to make a visit to 
 Buffalo Valley from his congregation in York county. He was born 
 in Westphalia, town of Gusterhain, 24th April, 1777. He landed 
 in Baltimore, 20th August, 1803. From early childhood he had a 
 strong inclination to the ministry, and, being poor, saw little hope 
 of entering the ministry at home, where so many strict formalities 
 were observed. He could not pay his passage, and was forced to 
 become a " redemptioner ;" that is, he was bound to serve out a cer- 
 tain length of time, gener^ly three years, for the benefit of the man 
 
1811.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ' jgg 
 
 who paid his passage. When a ship arrived, farmers and others, 
 needing laborers, would go to the port, and buy the time for which 
 they were to serve from the captain. Mr. Fries had his certificate of 
 church membership, and also a recommendation to a wealthy man 
 named Hinckel, at Philadelphia. It seems he never presented the 
 latter, as Doctor Harbaugh found it among his papers, long preserved 
 after his death by a daughter, near Mifflinburg. Mr. Fries fell into 
 the hands of a kind German farmer, in York county. He was honest, 
 industrious, and trusty, and soon won the full confidence of his em- 
 ployer. He was fond of improving his mind in spare hours, and his 
 desire to be a minister stirred him strongly. He spoke in small assem- 
 blies, when he got the opportunity. There was, however, nothing 
 fanatical about him, yet he went so far once as to preach a sermon, 
 in a school-house, on the words, "Much study is a weariness to the 
 flesh," Ecclesiastes, xii : i. A singular text certainly to begin with. 
 He commenced his preparatory studies with Reverend Daniel Wag- 
 ner, in Frederick, Maryland, April 3, 1809, and, after being with 
 him a year, was licensed at Harrisburg, and on the 20th of June, 
 1810, took charge of eight congregations in York county. 
 
 In June, 181 1, he came up on a visit to Buffalo Valley, and on 
 the 2 2d preached in the Dreisbach church, on Acts, v: 31 ; on the 
 23d in Mififlinburg, Acts, xxvi : 28 ; in the afternoon of the same day, 
 at New Berhn, on 11 Peter, i : 19, and in the evening again at Mifflin- 
 burg, on I Corinthians, xvi : 13. In October, 1 8 1 1 , he made a second 
 visit to Buffalo Valley, from 1 7th to the 24th. He preached at Ans- 
 pach's school-house, Dieffeftbach's, White Deer school-house, Dreis- 
 bach church, Mififlinburg, New Berlin, Aaronsburg, and in Brush 
 valley, and on the 28th was home again in his charge. A strong 
 effort was now made by the churches in Buffalo Valley and neigh- 
 borhood to secure his services. — Harbaugh. 
 
 The first meeting of the Northumberland Presbytery was held in 
 the Presbyterian church of Northumberland, on the first Tuesday of 
 October. Reverend Asa Dunning opened it with a sermon from 
 Ephesians, ii : 14. The members composing it were Reverends Dun- 
 ham, Bryson, Grier, Patterson, and Hood, with Elders James Shed- 
 dan, James Hepburn, William Montgomery, and Thomas Howard. 
 
400 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1811. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 Evan Rice Evans was married, last Thursday evening, to Mrs. 
 Forrest. She was a widow of five months. (Roan's Diary, 12th 
 January.) September 8, Ehjah Updike to Elizabeth Snook, daugh- 
 ter of Martin. Witnesses : John Brown, (miller,) Peter Snook, 
 Sarah Smith. October 7, William Davis to Catherine Derr, daughter 
 of George Derr. December 25, by Reverend Slater Clay, Samuel 
 Hepburn, Esquire, to Miss Ann Clay, of Montgomery county. 
 DecejTiber 26, John Cochran, junior, with Anna M., daughter of 
 Adam Grove. James Kelly, George Kremer, John and Sarah 
 Montgomery, and Catharine Gordon. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 George Holstein, of Penn's, father of George, of Lewisburg. 
 
 Joseph Evans, Lewisburg. 
 
 Evan Rice Evans, Esquire, in December. 
 
 Henry Myer, of West Buffalo, left wife, Ehzabeth. Children : 
 Henry, Daniel, Valentine, William, John, Ehzabeth, Margaret, 
 Eve, and Maria. Daniel took his land at the appraisement, and in 
 1813 sold it to William Forster. 
 
 William Douglass, West Buffalo. John, James, Elizabeth. 
 
 George Cramer, (of now Union.) Children : Matthew, Howard, 
 Chatam. 
 
 Jacob Albright, Beaver. Children : Rachel, married to James 
 Moore ; Stephen, Peter, Jacob, Juliana, Catherine. 
 
 February 23, Mrs. Mary Bull, wife of General John Bull, of 
 Northumberland, in her eightieth year. She was buried in the 
 Quaker grave-yard. Previous to the grave being closed, General 
 Bull, although much reduced by sickness and old age, addressed the 
 audience as follows: "The Lord gave and the Lord hath taken 
 away, blessed be the name of the Lord. May we, who are soon to 
 follow her, be as well prepared as she was." 
 
 At Sunbury, on Sunday, March 11, John Frick, Esquire, Regis- 
 ter and Recorder, aged fifty-one. Left widow and eleven children. 
 
1811.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ^oi 
 
 Honorable Samuel Maclay 
 
 Died at his residence, in Buffalo Valley, October 5, 1811. He 
 was born June 17, 1741, in Lurgan township, Franklin county. Of 
 his early education I can learn nothing. His field-note books, as 
 assistant deputy surveyor to William Maclay, in 1767 and 1768, are 
 before me, and indicate a cultivated hand. He next appears in 
 1769, as assistant to his brother on the surveys of the officers' tract 
 in Buffalo Valley. He surveyed largely in what is now Mifflin 
 county, and took up a good deal of land there. R. P. Maclay, his 
 son, still living, related an anecdote which he had from the late 
 Judge Brown, of Mifflin county, which is worth transcribing. He 
 said : "I was wandering out in the Valley, in search of good loca- 
 tions. I was traveling, looking about on the rising ground for a 
 bear, I had started, when. I came suddenly upon the Big spring. 
 [This spring is four miles west from Reedsvilie, in the rear of a 
 blacksmith shop. Still called Logan's spring.] Being thirsty, I set 
 my rifle against a bush, and rushing down the bank, laid down to 
 drink. Upon putting my head down, I saw reflected in the water, 
 on the opposite side, the shadow of a tall Indian. I sprang to my 
 rifle, Avhen the Indian gave a yell — whether for peace or war, I was 
 not, just then, sufficiently master of my faculties to tell ; but upon 
 my seizing my rifle and facing him, he knocked up the pan of his 
 gun, threw out the priming, and extended his open hand toward me 
 in token of friendship. After putting down our guns, we again met 
 at the spring and shook hands. This was Logan, the best specimen 
 of humanity 1 ever met with, either white or red. He could speak 
 a little English, and told me there was another white hunter a little 
 way down the stream, and offered to guide me to his camp. There 
 I first met Samuel Maclay. We remained together in the Valley for 
 a week, looking for springs and selecting lands, and laid the founda- 
 tion of a friendship which never has had the slightest interruption. 
 
 " We visited Logan at the camp, at Logan's spring, and he and Mr. 
 Maclay shot at a mark for a dollar a shot. Logan lost four or five 
 rounds, and acknowledged himself beaten. When we were about 
 to leave him, he went into his hut and brought out as many deer 
 skins as he had lost dollars, and handed them to Mr. Maclay, who 
 refused to take them, alleging that we had been his guests, and did 
 26 
 
402 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1811. 
 
 not come to rob him; that the shooting had been only a trial of 
 skill, and the bet merely nominal. Logan drew himself up with 
 great dignity, and said : ' Ale bet to make you shoot your best ; 
 me gentleman, and me take your dollar if me beat.' So he was 
 obliged to take the skins, or affront our friend, whose nice sense of 
 honor would not permit him to receive a horn of powder in return, 
 even." 
 
 Mr. Maclay was lieutenant colonel of a battalion of associators,, 
 and as such, delegate with McLanachan, Geddes, and Brady, to the 
 convention at Lancaster, July 4, 1776, which elected two brigadiers 
 and organized the associators, the then militia of the State. 
 
 In 1 792, he was appointed one of the associate judges of thecounty, 
 and resigned December 17, 1795. In October, 1794, he was a can- 
 didate for Congress, and carried the county by eleven hundred ma- 
 jority ; vote only two thousand eight hundred and fifty. In Buffalo, 
 he had four hundred and sixty-four, to fourteen for his opponent, 
 John Andre Hanna. Served for the year 1795-96. 
 
 On the 2d of December, 1801, Mr. Maclay was elected Speaker 
 of the Senate, and re-elected December 7, 1802. On the 14th, he 
 was elected United States Senator, and, being Speaker, had to sign 
 his own certificate. In January, 1803, he presided at the impeach- 
 ment trial of Judge Addison, and continued acting as Speaker 
 (against the protest of the opposition, however, after March 3) 
 until March 16, when he resigned that position, and, on the 2d of 
 September, his position as State Senator. 
 
 He resigned his seat in the United States Senate on the 4th of 
 January, 1809. 
 
 Mr. Maclay was very popular in his manners, a good scholar, and 
 efficient writer. He had an extensive library, containing many' val- 
 uable books. He was always of the people and for the people, 
 plain and simple in his manner, disliking ostentation. On one occa- 
 sion he brought a handsome coach home from Lancaster, and the 
 family took it to Buffalo church the next Sabbath. Mr. Maclay 
 noticed the impression, and that coach never left the carriage-house 
 afterward ; it rotted down where it was left that Sunday evening. 
 He stopped once at the late Hugh Wilson's about tea time. They 
 had mush only, and Mrs. Wilson commenced getting something 
 better, as she thought. "No," said he, "mush is good enough for 
 
1811.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 403 
 
 a king's dinner." He was a large man, resembling Henry Clay 
 very much, though much stouter in his latter years'. Honorable 
 Martin Dreisbach, who still recollects him well, says his return home 
 was always indicated by the hogs being driven out of the fields, the 
 repairing of the fences, and general activity over the whole place. 
 He was a good mechanic also, and often amused himself working 
 in the blacksmith shop. His servant, Titus, was a character. His 
 hair was white as the snow ; always dressed in a ruffled shirt. He 
 walked with a long staff, and on public days he came out in a many- 
 colored coat, looking like the king of Africa. He lectured the 
 boys somewhat after this style : " Massa Dave a damn fool ; he no 
 shoot a pheasant, he no shoot a coo \ cuss a damn fool ; he go into 
 the meadow and shoot a blackbo, (bird.) 
 
 Mr. Maclay's wife was Elizabeth Plunket, an account of whose 
 family appears ante year 179.1. Their children were : 
 
 1. William Plunket Maclay, born in Buffalo Valley, 23d August, 
 1774. Married, in 1802, to Sally Brown, daughter of Judge Wil- 
 liam Brown, of Mifflin county, and was, therefore, brother-in-law to 
 General James Potter, second, and John Norris, many years cashier 
 of the old bank at Bellefonte. Mrs. Maclay died in 1810, leaving 
 three sons, Doctor Samuel, of Milroy, William P., and Charles J., 
 and in 181 2, William P. married Jane Holmes, of Carlisle, who 
 died in 1844, leaving four sons. Holmes, David, Robert P., and 
 Joseph H. William P. Maclay died in Millroy, September 2, 1842. 
 
 2. Charles Maclay (John Binns' second in his duel with Sam 
 Stewart) died, unmarried, while on a visit in Wayne county, New 
 York, aged twenty-eight. 
 
 3. John Maclay, register and recorder of Union county, also 
 prothonotary for two terms. Married to Annie Dale, daughter of 
 Honorable Samuel Dale, and sister of the late James Dale, Esquire, 
 of Buffalo township. In 1833, John moved to Vandalia, Illinois, 
 and soon after died, leaving two sons and two daughters, Charles, 
 William P., Elizabeth, (afterwards Mrs. Armstrong,) Anne, all since 
 deceased. His eldest son, Samuel, died in Buffalo Valley. 
 
 4. Samuel Maclay, married first to Margaret and afterwards to 
 Elizabeth, daughters of Reverend James Johnston, of Mifflin county. 
 Samuel died February 17, 1836, leaving seven sons and three daugh- 
 
404 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1811. 
 
 ters, of whom only three are living, Robert P., in Louisiana, and 
 Elizabeth and Jane, in Galesburg, Illinois. 
 
 5. David Maclay, married to Isabella, daughter of Galbraith Pat- 
 terson, Esquire, died in 1818, leaving no issue. David was a ripe 
 scholar, and would have made his mark in public life, if his health 
 had not failed. His widow married Honorable A. L. Hayes, late 
 and for many years associate law judge of Lancaster county, Penn- 
 sylvania. 
 
 6. Robert Plunket Maclay, born in April, 1799. Senator from 
 Union, in 1842. Still living in Kishacoquillas valley, Mifflin county. 
 His wife was a Lashells, of Union county. 
 
 Samuel Maclay's daughters were : 
 
 1. Eleanor, the eldest, married to her cousin, David Maclay, of 
 Franklin county, Pennsylvania. Herself and children dead. 
 
 2. Hester, who accompained Charles to Wayne county. New 
 York, and died there about the same time. 
 
 3. Jane E., married to Doctor Joseph Henderson, died without 
 issue, January, 1848. Doctor Henderson was a captain in the war 
 of 1 81 2, and in Congress four years, during General Jackson's ad- 
 ministration. He was a brother-in-law of Reverend James Linn, 
 D. D., of Bellefonte, now deceased. 
 
 Mr. Maclay is buried on the farm now owned by Joseph Green. 
 The brick wall inclosing the grave is within sight from the turnpike, 
 after passing the New Berlin road. It is immediately in front of his 
 old stone mansion. How few now know that within it rest the re- 
 mains of one of Pennsylvania's ablest statesmen. The disjecta mem- 
 bra of a fine monument, intended to be placed at the head of his 
 grave, still lie in one corner of the inclosure, as they were unloaded 
 forty years ago. 
 
i8i^. 
 
 Division of the County Agitated — Lewisbubg Incorporated — Roan's 
 Journal — Rolls of Captains John Donaldson's and jSTer Middles- 
 warth's Companies — Reverend Just Henry Fries, Pastor at Mif- 
 flinburg. 
 
 EMBERS of the House of Representatives elected in 
 October, Samuel Bond, Andrew McClenachan, Leon- 
 ard Rupert, and George Kremer. Treasurer, Andrew 
 
 J Albright. Commissioner elect, Henry Vanderslice. 
 
 February 9, Frederick Evans writes to George Kremer : " Musser 
 gave me petitions amounting, in signatures, to seven hundred and 
 eighty-nine. Get the next sent forward as early as possible. I think 
 John Swineford and Seebold would interest themselves to get signa- 
 tures, as Buffalo has agreed to their proposals ; that is, to have the 
 seat of justice fixed not more than three miles from the center of the 
 inhabitable part. By the time you receive this, no doubt you will hear 
 that a resolution recommending the petitioners in the Forks, to the 
 early attention of the next Legislature, on the subject. If it should 
 dishearten the favorers of a division, you can inform them that if 
 the west side only sends down five hundred signers more, the Forks 
 petition will be re-considered, and things will go on fortunately yet. 
 Had the west side petitions came in as early as the Forks, the county 
 would, by this time, have been divided. However, there are still 
 hopes. If five hundred more signatures cannot be obtained, send on 
 as many as can be got. Four hundred and fifty-one would be a 
 majority of the taxables. I am glad you are willing to clear out of 
 Derrstown. I will leave the place before long, at all events." 
 
 40s 
 
4q6 annals of buffalo valley. [1812. 
 
 May 25, Methodist church organized in Lewisburg. Sermon at 
 Gordon's house ; text : i John, iii : i . 
 
 June 18, President Madison's proclamation declaring war. The 
 first bridge was erected over the North Branch to Northumberland, 
 during this and the following year, by aid of a State appropriation. 
 The division question was the all-absorbing one. By combining 
 with Derry people, and others in favor of the erection of Columbia 
 county, the division ticket. Bond, Kemer, &c., was elected. It was, 
 however, bitterly opposed, and an able paper against the division 
 presented, which, among other things, urged that if the soldiers' 
 vote at Meadville had been counted, that ticket would not have 
 been elected. 
 
 Borough of Lewisburg. 
 
 March 31, the act incorporating the directors of streets, &c., of 
 Lewisburg was passed. The first election held under this act for 
 directors of streets, lanes, and alleys of the town of Lewisburg was 
 held at the house of Andrew Billmeyer, on Saturday, the 1 7th day 
 of October. Henry Spyker, John Martin, John Lawshe, John Gor- 
 don, and William McQuhae were elected. 
 
 October 23, the directors elected John Lawshe president, and 
 Henry Spyker secretary. James Geddes was appointed supervisor, 
 Andrew Sherrard constable, George Knox overseer of the poor. 
 The first ordinance passed was one requiring the opening of the 
 streets, the most of which were fenced in and cultivated at that time. 
 They were finally opened in 1813, except in the case of Doctor 
 Charles Beyer, who, May 5, 181 3, represented that he had not rails 
 to fence with, and if he opened the streets he had inclosed in his 
 lots, it would be to the great damage of his grain ; and the directors 
 agreeing that this was so, let him off, upon his agreement to pay two 
 bushels of wheat and two of rye, immediately after harvest, for the 
 use of the corporation, after which they were to be opened. 
 
 Simon Wehr purchased his tavern stand, in Limestone township 
 now, and William Pancoast erected his blacksmith shop in Buffalo, 
 so long known as Ritter's. 
 
1812.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 407 
 
 Incidents from Roan's Journal. 
 
 April 25. Christopher Johnson z/^. Mathew Irvine, tried. Verdict 
 for plaintiff, $150. 29th. Beyers for Sarah Wister vs. Clark tried. 
 Duncan squealed a long time for Sarah. 30th. Dance in the court- 
 house to-night. 
 
 May 19. George Clingan went to Mr. Hood's to see Mr. Wright 
 married to Miss Lewis. Mr. Hood got $2 for the job. [Mrs. Wright 
 was a few years since hving in Stevenson county, Illinois. She was 
 a daughter of Paschal Lewis.] 21st. Billmyer executed a deed for 
 his land to Gebhart. 
 
 June 4, Thursday. This is Nimrod Hughes' day, but he is mis- 
 taken about the dissolution of the world. Went to the meeting of 
 the regiment, at Reedy's, about drafting men for the war. 9th. Cap- 
 tain Patrick Hayes called. Went with him to Billy Clark's, and 
 then to Esquire Gray's. Met John and Robert Hayes there, and 
 Judge Macpherson. Thursday, nth. James Sanderson married, on 
 Tuesday, to Miss Griffen. He gave Mr. Hood ^20. 12th. Libby 
 Robinson married to John Bell, of Chester. 
 
 July 7. Visited my father's grave, in Derry church-yard, Dauphin 
 county, with Captain P. Hayes. Tomb-stones are still good. 23d. 
 Set off to James Moore's funeral, but was too late. 30th. Continental 
 fast-day. Mr. Hood's text, Jeremiah, xiv : 7. Old Captain Kearsley 
 spent the evening here. [Captain Kearsley, of the Revolution, died 
 March 22, 1830, aged eighty-one, at Middle Spring, Cumberland 
 county.] 31st. Went with Captain K. Called at Roan McClure's, 
 at Derrstown ; Judge Wilson's ; then at Jones' tavern, Northumber- 
 land. Went to see the new bridge building over the river. 
 
 August 20. President Madison's fast-day. Jared Irwin's rifle com- 
 pany paraded, and went to the German church. Drank wine at 
 Enoch Smith's, with Judge Cooper, Mr. Bradford, Gray, Brady, etal. 
 Took tea at Mr. Finney's. 
 
 September 7. Three hundred enlisted troops left Milton, to join 
 General Dearborn's volunteers and drafted men. Have orders to 
 march to Meadville. 8th. Great consternation in the Valley about 
 the volunteers going away. 9th. Volunteers from our neighborhood 
 went as far as Derrstown to-night. loth. Volunteers on their march. 
 A number of our neighbors among them. i6th. Delegates met at 
 
4o8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1812. 
 
 Derrstown, and formed two tickets. 20th. Three hundred soldiers 
 passed through Milton. 
 
 October 10. Rob. Smith came from Meadville. Troops had 
 reached that place, and were in high spirits. 13th. Went to Derrs- 
 town. Left my horse at James Geddes', and clerked the election. 
 Three, A. M., before we got through. 17th. Borough officers elected 
 in Derrstown. 25th. Five doctors tapping Davy Reasoner. 26th. D. 
 R. died. 30th. Clerked at presidential election at Derrstown. Gov- 
 ernor Snyder's daughter visiting at Kremer's. 
 
 November i. A big bear made his appearance near Billy Clark's 
 to-day. 3d. Andy Steel shot at a bear in the meadow at Tommy's 
 place. 5th. Tommy returned from Philadelphia. Made trip in eleven 
 days. 6th. Clerked at Esquire Gray's vendue. 8th. Mrs. Colonel 
 Chamberlin had a young son. This is his twenty-third child. Fourth 
 wife. 19th. Young Doctor Kennedy fined $4, for assaulting Doctor 
 Martin. 2 2d. Roan Clarke came for Kremer. His wife has a young 
 daughter. 27th. Biddle & Dougal vs. Cochran, about some land, 
 below Milton. Cochran argued his own case, and spoke nearly all 
 day. [Surveyor General Cochran,] Hall, Duncan, and Watts 
 against him ; Fisher and Hepburn for him. Cochran got a verdict. 
 30th. Betsy Myers and Hetty Shaffer came here to spin. 
 
 December 8. Bill Morton went to hustling match at Myers'. 
 Flavel at Mr. Hood's chopping frolic. 13th. Three volunteers went 
 past, probably deserters from Canada. 14th. More volunteers went* 
 by. John Forster, the widow's son, a volunteer from Canada, here 
 to-night. He says, General Sraythe being a traitor, is the reason of 
 volunteers returning. i6th. Sam Lytle, another volunteer, break- 
 fasted here. 21st. Twenty volunteers passed Green's house. 25th. 
 Great quilting and ball at William Wilson's to-night. 31st. At 
 Shaffer's tavern, at Sunbury. Got little sleep. They were shooting 
 away the old year all night. 
 
 Roll of Captain John Donaldson' s Company, Pennsylvania Militia, 
 Colonel Snyder' s Regiment, September 2^ to November 24. 
 
 Captain — Donaldson, John. 
 
 Lieutenants — Chamberlin, Aaron; Hall, John. 
 
1812,] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 409 
 
 Sergeants — McFadden, John ; Johnston, Abel ; Eilert, Jacob ; 
 Cunfort, Henry. 
 
 Corporals — Alsbach, Jacob ; Jones, Samuel. 
 
 Fifer — Dennis, Michael. 
 
 Drummer — Parks, Robert. 
 
 Privates — Auple, Christopher; Barbin, James; Barklow, Francis; 
 Black, Robert ; Bower, Joseph ; Chamberlin, Uriah ; Clements, 
 Uriah; Cornelius, William; Cosier, Jonathan; Culbertson, Jacob; 
 Curtis, Thomas ; Frederick, Samuel ; Frederick, Peter ; Frederick, 
 Jacob ; Frock, Jacob ; Forster, John ; Forster, William ; Forster, 
 William, junior ; Gibson, John ; Gile, John ; Glover, John ; Gray, 
 Robert H. ; Harman, Benjamin ; Hoff, James ; Hollinshead, Fran- 
 cis ; Jodon, George; Johnston, William; Jones, Benjamin; Kelly, 
 John; Kimple, Philip; Kline Daniel ; Klingaman, Jacob ; Klinga- 
 man, John; Klingaman, George; Klingaman, Peter; Linn, David; 
 Lytle, Samuel; Lytle, William; McGinnes, John; McKinley, John ; 
 McKinley, James ; Magee, John ; Martin, Peter ; Meekert, Daniel ; 
 Mies, Jonathan; Miller, Thomas; Miller, Henry; Nelson, Daniel; 
 Norman, William; Parks, John; Pearson, John; Rearick, John; 
 Reeder, Henry ; Reininger, Henry ; Renner, Michael ; Renner, 
 Henry ; Seebold, Christopher ; Shaw, Samuel ; Slear, John ; Snook, 
 Peter; Stine, Frederick; Struble, Peter; Struble, Henry; Stuttle- 
 bach, Jacob ; Thompson, Samuel ; Turner, John ; Vanhorn, Wil- 
 liam ; Walker, John; Wartz, George; Weaver, Benjamin; Weikel, 
 Henry ; Wise, John ; Wright, John ; Zimmerman, David. 
 
 It was to this company that Reverend J. H. Fries preached, Sep- 
 tember 10, in Ehas church, from Joshua, xxiii : 6, 11. It marched 
 to Meadville and Erie ; thence to Black Rock. '« You will think 
 strange to hear that all of our volunteers are returned home. They 
 give different accounts of the proceedings at Black Rock, but all say 
 that they came off without being discharged, and all agree that 
 General Smythe has acted the part of a traitor." — Roan Clark's 
 Letter to George Kremer, December 1 4. 
 
410 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1812. 
 
 Roll of Captain Ner Middle swartKs Company, Eighth Riflemen, 
 Colonel James Irwin's Regiment, September 25 to November 
 24, 1812. 
 
 Captain — Middleswarth, Ner. 
 
 Lieutenants — Youngman, Tiiomas, and Kline, John. 
 
 Sergeants — Wise, George ; Zigler, George \ Devore, Daniel, and 
 Schwartz, Daniel. 
 
 Corporals — Nerhood, Adam; Bremenger, Henry; Heater, Adam, 
 and McNade, John. 
 
 Bugler — Huick, George. 
 
 Privates — Baker, George ; Bong, John ; Bristol, Peter ; Brunner, 
 Henry ; Clements, John ; Devore, Andrew ; Devore, George 
 Doebler, Daniel ; Etzler, Benjamin ; Fete, Simon ; Frock, Henry 
 Frock, Jacob ; Frock, Benjamin ; Harbster, David ; Hassinger 
 David ; Hassinger, Jacob ; Heter, John ; Hammer, Andrew 
 Hummel, George ; Kaler, John ; Krebs, Samuel ; Layer, Peter 
 Layer, David; Love, William; Lowder, Peter; Lowder, Michael 
 Mook, Henry ; Moyer, George ; Nerhood, Jacob ; Peter, Leonard 
 Shay, Timothy; Stewart, Thomas;- Stock, Peter; Stock, Mel- 
 choir. 
 
 Reverend J. H. Fries was called, 27 April, 1812, to Buffalo Val- 
 ley. Early in June, Mr. John Reber an elder^ in the Dreisbach 
 church, left home with his team, and proceeded to York county to 
 bring up the new minister. Often have we seen this worthy man 
 in his old age, renew his youth, while he related, in the most circum- 
 stantial manner, the varied events of this eventful journey down into 
 a strange country, with much anxiety, and back again, with a pre- 
 cious load and a glad heart. Having arrived safely in Mififlinburg, 
 Mr. Fries entered upon his duties in his new field on the 1 7th of 
 June, 181 2. His field extended east and west from Brush valley, 
 and the lower end of Penn's valley, to Bloomsburg, and up and 
 down the Susquehanna from Muncy to Selinsgrove. His first reg- 
 ular charge was composed of Miffiinburg, Dreisbach's, New Berlin, 
 Aaronsburg, and Brush Valley. Besides these, he preached at many 
 
 •John ileber was a warm and staunch friend of the church and her ministers, whose 
 house was always open to God's servants ; and who for his generous hospitality and 
 piety, is held in grateful rememberance by all who knew him. 
 
1812.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 41 r 
 
 Other points, in school-houses, gradually laying the foundations of 
 future congregations. — Harbaugh. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 February 2, David Black with Catherine Berrey. February 11, 
 John Maclay to Annie Dale. February 11, Aaron Chamberlin to 
 Betsy Dale. February 12, Michael Engleman with Barbara Gilman, 
 daughter of Jacob. February 25, by Mr. Hood, Robert Fruit to 
 Maria Nevius. He was the youngest of eleven children, and Maria 
 the oldest of eleven. March i, James Kelly with Hannah Seitz, 
 daughter of George. "March 19, James Lawson to Nancy Chngan. 
 Calf and two turkeys killed. Twenty-six strangers at the wedding. 
 March 26, Thomas Barber to Betsy Clingan. Groom came with 
 fourteen attendants ; thirty-seven strangers, altogether. 2 7th, 
 twenty strangers, beside the bride and groom, breakfasted at CHn- 
 gan's ; twenty-two of us left Clingan's with the bride and groom ; 
 four joined us at Doctor Vanvalzah's; went to Esquire Barber's, 
 where there was a very large party and much dancing, although 
 Quakers."^ November i, John Grove with Sarah Montgomery, 
 daughter of John. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 January 5, Colonel Thomas Youngman, aged forty. Left wife 
 and seven children. March 9, John Steel, of White Deer. July 7, 
 John Walter, born January 6, 1749. Charles Sechler, East Buffalo. 
 Children: Jacob, John, George, Daniel, Catherine, wife of C. 
 Reichly. Alexander McGrady, second, shoe-maker, of White Deer 
 township. His widow, Elizabeth, died in Ohio, in 1861, aged 
 ninety-six. Children: Polly, Margaret, Thomas, Wilham, Eliza- 
 beth, Nancy, and Isaac. They all moved to Ohio in 181 9. Thomas 
 was in Lewisburg in 1863. Isaac was in the army, near Corinth, 
 then. 
 
 1 rrom riavel Roan's Journal. 
 
i8i3. 
 
 Union County Erected — Officials — Efforts for a Union of the Al- 
 bright Brethren with the United Brethren — School-House Lot 
 IN Union — Lewisburg in 1813 — Re-survey of the Town. 
 
 EMBER of Congress, Jared Irwin. Members elected in 
 October, Samuel Bond, Leonard Rupert, Thomas Mur- 
 ray, junior, and George Kremer. President Judge, 
 Seth Chapman. Associate, Hugh Wilson, appointed 
 October ii. First sheriff of Union county elected, John Ray. 
 Prothonotary, Clerk of the several Courts, Register and Recorder, 
 Simon Snyder, junior, commissioned October 14, 1813. Deputy, 
 John Lashells, Esquire. District Attorney, William Irwin, Esquire. 
 November 11, County Commissioners sworn, Daniel Caldwell, 
 Frederick Gutelius, and Philip Moore. Clerk, Flavel Roan. Coro- 
 ner, John Dreisbach. 
 
 March 22, the act erecting Union county out of Northumberland 
 passed. The territory was that part of Northumberland west of the 
 river 5 the act to go into effect after the first of November. Courts 
 to be held at Mifflinburg until the commissioners appointed by the 
 Governor should determine the locality of the county seat. The 
 commissioners were directed in the act to select the most central 
 point. 
 
 March 23, Governor Snyder appointed James Banks and Henry 
 Haines commissioners to fix the site of the court-house, &c. 
 
 March 29, election place for Buffalo, &c., changed to Andrew 
 Reedy's, at Cross-Roads. Washington and White Deer, north of a 
 
 412 
 
1813.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 413 
 
 line from Spruce run, at Matthew Laird's, to John Boal's, at the 
 river, to hold their election at. Dan Caldwell's. As the tax-books are 
 at Lewisburg, it is unimportant to take further account of them in 
 these Annals. 
 
 April 21, Bishop Newcomer reaches Martin Dreisbach's again. 
 The Albright brethren had their conference here. Eighteen preach- 
 ers in attendance. He stayed with them until the 24th. They dis- 
 cussed the practicability and propriety of a union between the two 
 societies. He laid the discipline of the United Brethren before 
 them for examination. They made no objection, but, on the con- 
 trary, appeared to cordially approve of it. They delivered to him 
 a written communication on the subject, addressed to the conference 
 of the United Brethren. On the loth of November, he was again 
 in the Valley, held a meeting at John Walters', and preached at 
 Mr. Mack's, near New Berlin, from Psalm xxxiv, last four verses. 
 On the forenoon of the nth. Christian Crum, Joseph Hoffman, 
 Jacob Bowlus, and himself appeared for the United Brethren^ 
 and Messrs. Miller, Walter, Dreisbach, and Mebel for the Albright 
 Brethren. The consultation continued until the 13th, but they were 
 not able to effect a union. The greatest stumbling-block appeared 
 to be this : According to the United Brethren's discipline, their 
 local prea.chers have a vote in the conference as well as the traveling 
 preachers. This was a sine qua non which the United Brethren 
 could or would not accede to, so we parted and came to Young- 
 manstown. — Newcomer' s Journal. 
 
 October 25, John Snook and wife conveyed the school-house 
 lot in Union township to Christian Gundy, et al. , trustees, bounded 
 by Macpherson, Jenkins, Epler, &c. 
 
 November 12, the county commissioners met at Mifflinburg and 
 elected Flavel Roan clerk, at ^i 33 per day while on duty. Hired 
 a room of George Roush for the prothonotary. Standard of valua- 
 tion of first-rate land : East Buffalo, ^40 ; West Buffalo, $40 \ Bea- 
 ver, ^30 ; Centre, ^30 ; Hartley, $40 ; Penn's, ^40 ; Mahantango, 
 ^40 ; White Deer, ^40 ; Washington, ^30. 
 
 March 30, Henry Beck came to Lewisburg from Earl township, 
 Berks county. Then Frederick Freedley owned Brown's mill ; George 
 Knox had Hull's tan-yard ; Henry Spyker lived in the brick house 
 at the river ; Robert Smith, a boatman, where James S. Marsh lives; 
 
^i^ ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1813. 
 
 Mathias Shaffer, in a two-story house, where M. Halfpenny now lives ; 
 Richard McClure, where his grandchildren do now ] William Evans, 
 where Joseph Housel now lives ; on the opposite side lived Evans' 
 sister. These were all on Front street. Garman kept ferry at the 
 stone house, now Martin Hahn's ; John Sargent had a nail factory, 
 where F. Davis now lives ; Andrew Shearer kept at Weidensaul's ; 
 William McQuhae had a store^ where C. S. Wolfe now lives. George 
 Kremer's was the only store-house on the river ; James Black had a 
 distillery, and kept store just above the latter, and where Norton's 
 coal-yard now is ; White Roost, now M. Halfpenny's, was occupied 
 by Billman ; the old Albright tavern by William Poak. At the 
 mouth of Buffalo creek there were three houses, owned and occupied 
 by John Pross, Valentine Miller, &c. Leisenring, a potter, lived 
 opposite John A. Mertz's ; Mrs. Nicely's lot was occupied by John 
 Lawshe, senior \ J. B. Linn's, by John Metzgar ; Esquire Cameron's, 
 the Black Horse, was kept by John Lawshe, junior ; George Kremer 
 had a store, where Jonathan Wolfe now lives. Second street was 
 then vacant down to Joseph Glass' lots, lying in common, and pine 
 trees growing on them. The brick house of Joseph Glass was built 
 by Henry Beck in 1823 ; Joseph Bennett lived where the Union Na- 
 tional Bank now is ; on part of Peter Beaver's lot, Henry Burget 
 kept a tavern ; George Metzgar lived where Captain Brooke has his 
 jewelry store, and had a hatter shop ; an old log house, in from the 
 street, next Jonathan Wolfe's, was occupied by John Montgomery ; 
 old Mr. Kimmell kept store in the next house ; William Hayes kept 
 store where Peter Nevius' widow now lives. Doctor Beyers lived on 
 the corner of Third and St. Catherine. No house from there to Mar- 
 ket. Alexander Graham lived and kept store on Doctor Harrison's 
 corner. There were no houses on Third street north. On the Bill- 
 myer lot, depot lot, &c., was a large pond, where they often shot 
 ducks. On Fourth and St. Louis, Betsy Amnion's house was built 
 this year. There was an old house at the race at St. George, and 
 one at the east end of Fourth, occupied by Strickland ; Doctor Wil- 
 son's lot was occupied by Mr. Espy, who kept tavern ; on William 
 Moore's, Thomas Poak kept bachelor's hall, and a brewery; Wil- 
 liam Shearer lived in the old house, lately standing on Cherry alley, 
 and followed weaving ; opposite C. Gemberling's, Caleb Fairchild 
 had a blacksmith shop ; north was a stone house, occupied by Daniel 
 
1813.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 415 
 
 Rees as a tavern ; C. Beyers' was occupied by a family named Sey- 
 del ; next was Sam Grove, a boatman \ Adam Grove lived on Thomas 
 Nesbit's. deceased, lot ; he was the youngest of the Grove brothers, 
 Indian fighters, and followed boating ; James Geddes lived on the 
 corner of Fourth and St. Anthony, and had a saddler shop ; next, 
 north, John Norton, and the next Burgets' house^ which Henry 
 Beck moved into. On the opposite side lived John Moore, famous 
 many years as a blacksmith \ George Snider, father of widow Stro- 
 hecker, lived where John Bieber lately resided ; there was an old 
 tan-yard on the property. 
 
 The streets were re-surveyed in the spring of 181 3, and a slight 
 angle made to suit the buildings. James Geddes and Thomas Fisher 
 carried on a tannery. Peter Nevius, Joseph McCool, and Andrew 
 Best were their apprentices. John Musser lived at the Slifer mansion 
 farm. High's mill, at the fording, was then abandoned. George 
 Derr had built another mill, where Joseph W. Shriner's now is. In 
 repairing it, some years ago, Mr. Shriner found an old stone, with 
 date of 1778 carved upon it, no doubt the date of Gundy 's mill, 
 a few rods above it. On Derr's farm lived Abram Troxell and Wil- 
 liam C. Davis ; John Guyer, on the Shuck place ; Thomas McGuire 
 kept tavern at the old ferry, now George F. Miller, Esquire's ; Jonas 
 Butterfield kept school in the Market street school-house, now Pres- 
 byterian parsonage ; Breyvogel kept where the Lutheran parsonage 
 now stands ; Charles Cameron lived on Front and St. Mary's. 
 Among those who enlisted in the regular army. Doctor Beck recol- 
 lects of Valentine Miller, George Christ, Dennis O. Boyle, John 
 Buck, and Alexander Hutchinson. Abram Fry lived at the boat- 
 yard ; Granny Phillips kept cakes and beer next the Revere House, 
 on late Judge Schnable's lot ; John McFadden kept tavern where 
 Charles Penny now lives. John Rees, John Beyers, and James For- 
 rest succeeded Jonas Butterfield, as school-teachers. 
 
 May 16, Justice Spyker fines Henry Burket, Edward Morton, and 
 William Keller each $20, for horse-racing on Market street, Lewis- 
 burg, on oath of Andrew Shearer, John McFadden, and Thomas 
 Fisher. 
 
 June I, The inhabitants of the town met and resolved that the 
 president, secretary, and directors should serve free gratis, and this 
 agreement was to remain in full force for ever. The same day, John 
 
^i(, ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1813. 
 
 Hayes' account for surveying the town was examined and allowed. 
 One item was a gallon of Geneva' whisky, one dollar. 
 
 The duplicate for 1813 and 1814 amounted to ^96 88. Expen- 
 ditures on streets and survey, in full, $103 06. 
 
 November 2. George Sweeny commenced the publication of the 
 Cohmibia Gazette, at Northumberland, a strong war paper, and the 
 Sunbury and Northumberland Gazette of A. Kennedy was sus- 
 pended. Kennedy was a Federalist, and the war feeling was too 
 strong for that paper. Chillisquaque and Northumberland county 
 up to the Lycoming line had been erected into Columbia county, 
 accounting for the new name. In 181 5 this territory was put back 
 to Northumberland. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 January 24, Jacob Billman to Charity , daughter of Caleb. 
 
 February 4, Paul Goodlander with Rachael Heckel, daughter of 
 Andrew. February 11, Jesse Dickson to Polly Merkel, daughter of 
 Christian. April i, Philip Lesher to Polly Billmyer, daughter of 
 Andrew. April 4, Alexander Donarchy with Fanny Seitz, daughter 
 of George. April 6, Daniel Keenly with Maria Richter, daughter of 
 John. May 16, Samuel Dersham with Susanna Shadel. August i, 
 Levi Burd with Eve Winegarden, daughter of Henry. August 12, 
 Francis Jodon with Elizabeth Cherry, daughter of Charles. August 
 26, Hugh McLaughlin with Elizabeth McClister. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 February i , John Sierrer, leaving a widow, Lucy, and the follow- 
 ing children : Jacob, Catherine, married to Jacob Reedy, John, 
 Elizabeth, married to John Frantz, and Sarah to George Smith. 
 
 William Irwin, Esquire, member of Assembly during the Revolu- 
 tion. He left all his property to William, son of John. 
 
 William Clark, an original settler, leaving widow, Elizabeth. 
 Children : George, Mary, (who married James Forster, and was 
 dead, leaving Jane, married to Thomas Smith, John, William, and 
 Ann, married to George Monroe,) Rebecca, Roan, Sarah, William, 
 Walter, Flavel, and James. 
 
1814.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 41 j 
 
 February 21, David Watson, father of late David, John C, and 
 William Watson, aged sixty-one. 
 
 March 27, Henry Deal. Family: Henry, junior, Elizabeth, 
 married to Jacob Maize ; Mary, to John Grossman ; Nancy, to Jona- 
 than Waters \ and three grand-daughters, children of John : Nancy 
 William, and Ehzabeth. 
 
 Nicholas Egbert, West Buffalo. 
 . May 18, John Bishop, aged seventy, buried at New Berlin. 
 
 Christopher Seebold. 
 
 September 13, Honorable Thomas Strawbridge, aged eighty-two. 
 
 John Walter, of Buffalo. Children : John, Benjamin, William, 
 George, Jonathan, Elizabeth, married to Focht; Catherine, with 
 George Reed; Margaret, with Adam Witmer; and Mary, with John 
 Rodman. His widow, Margaret. 
 
 1814. 
 
 Lewisburg Bridge Chartered — First Courts Held at Mifflinburg — - 
 Battle of Chippewa — Captain Evans at Foet McHenry — Eoster of 
 Lieutenant Colonel G-eorge Weirick's Regiment — -Rolls of Captains 
 Henry Miller, Jacob Hummel, Valentine Haas, John Bergstresser, 
 and Ner Middleswarth's Companies. 
 
 ENATOR, Thomas Murray, junior, elected in October. 
 Members, David E. Owen, Robert Willett, Joseph 
 Hutchinson, and Henry Shaeffer. 
 
 On the 2ist of March, the Houses passed, over Gov- 
 ernor Snyder's veto, the act regulating banks. One was allowed for 
 Northumberland, Union, and Columbia, to be called the Northum- 
 berland, Union, and Columbia Bank. It was located at Milton. 
 John Dreisbach was one of the commissioners for this bank. 
 
 On the 26th of March, the charter of the bridge over the Susque- 
 27 
 
4i8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1814. 
 
 hanna at Lewisburg, was granted by the Assembly, under the corpo- 
 rate name of " The President, Managers, and Company for erecting 
 a Bridge over the West Branch of Susquehanna, at the Town of Lew- 
 isburg," and John Dreisbach, Jacob Brobst, William Hayes, William 
 McQuhae, James Geddes, and Andrew Reedy, appointed commis- 
 sioners to open subscription books. On the 28th, the act transfer- 
 ing all suits, and all unsettled estates where the defendant or de- 
 cedent resided in the territory of Union to its courts, was passed.- 
 
 Roads laid out — From Mortonsville, by Hugh Wilson's and Derr's 
 mill, &c., two and one half miles; from Rockey's mill to Reznor's 
 saw-mill, five miles; from Reznor's saw-mill to the Brush Valley and 
 Mifflinburg road, four miles one hundred and forty-one perches. 
 
 The first court was held at Mifflinburg, on the 14th of February. 
 First grand jurors, John Boal, Adam Regar, Arthur Thomas, Jacob 
 Musser, John Fisher, James Madden, Robert Chambers, Valentine 
 Haas, Jacob Houseworth, John Nogel, James McClure, John Wil- 
 liams, Aaron Chamberlin, Levi Zimmerman, Philip Gemberling, 
 Frederick Wurtz, James Caldwell, Andrew Grove, David Simmons, 
 Abraham Tenbrooke, Henry Ramstone, John Aurand, John Seidel, 
 and John German. The commissions of Judges Chapman and Wil- 
 son were read. 
 
 On motion of Enoch Smith, for himself, E. G. Bradford, Samuel 
 ETepburn, Ebenezer Greenough, Charles Maus, William Irwin, and 
 John Lashells, were sworn in as attorneys. On motion of Mr. Lash- 
 ells, John Johnston, and Ethan Baldwin. William Irwin sworn as 
 deputy attorney general. On motion of Mr. Bradford, Charles 
 Hall, George A. Frick, Alem Marr, and Hugh Bellas were qualified 
 as attorneys. The survivor of this bar, George A. Frick, Esquire, 
 of Danville, died at Danville, June 10, 1872, aged eighty-five. 
 
 April 21, Gideon Smith sold his farm on Buffalo creek to William 
 Young. Andrew Kennedy, junior, commenced a paper at Mifflin- 
 burg. He sold out to Henry Shaup, in 181 5, and the latter re- 
 moved the press to New Berlin. The month of May was remark- 
 able for the appearance in the Valley of locusts in vast numbers. 
 
 June 28, James Banks, of Mifflin county, Henry Haines, of Lan- 
 caster, (Edward Darlington not acting,) commissioners appointed 
 by Governor Snyder, met at Selinsgrove, and explored the county, 
 generally, and viewed a number of different situations which had 
 
1814.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 4ig 
 
 been in contemplation. After considering advantages of each, and 
 having due regard to territory and population, they reported the 
 village of New Berlin, alias Longstown, the most eligible and proper 
 situation in the county of Union for the seat of justice therein, and 
 fixed the site of buildings, of court-house and public offices, on a lot 
 belonging to C. Se,eboldj Esquire, and the site for a prison on a lot 
 belonging to John Solomon. 
 
 Baiile of Chippewa. 
 
 Camp at Fort Erie, West Canada, July 28, 181 4. 
 Dear Sir: Blood, carnage, death, and destruction of men are 
 the contents of this painful letter. On the 2 2d, we had orders to 
 reduce our baggage, allowing one tent to ten men, and two shirts 
 to each officer. The surplus was sent across the Niagara, at Queens- 
 town, where we then laid, to be sent to Buffalo. On the 24th, we 
 marched to Chippewa. On the 25 th, the enemy appeared on the 
 heights, near the Falls of Niagara, two miles distant from our camp. 
 At three o'clock, we were ordered to parade. At five, our brigade, 
 urider General Scott, marched out. At six, the action commenced, 
 when, great God ! to tell the details from that time till ten o'clock 
 at night, is impossible. Could I converse with you for the length 
 of time we were engaged, I could give some idea of it, but to make 
 an attempt will, doubtless, not be unsatisfactory to you. Our bri- 
 gade fought a much superior force, under great disadvantages, for 
 one hour and a half, and we were completely cut up, more than half 
 the officers and men being killed and wounded, when the second 
 brigade, commanded by General Ripley, came to our assistance. 
 The enemy, at the same time, received reinli'orcements, which made 
 the action again severe. General Ryall and a number of prisoners 
 were, previous to this, taken by our brigade. Colonel Brady was 
 wounded before we were fifteen minutes engaged, and commanded 
 the regiment till the action was nearly closed. I assisted him off 
 and on his horse during the engagement, when he was like to faint 
 from loss of blood. We got possession of the heights, and kept them 
 till we got off our wounded. The British made three different charges 
 to gain them, but they were as often beat back. Our brigade made 
 three charges, in the last of which we lost three officers of our (the 
 
It 
 
 430 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1814. 
 
 twenty-second) regiment, our brave General Scott heading each 
 charge. He was severely wounded in the shoulder near the close 
 of the action. General Brown was also wounded. When we re- 
 turned from the ground, there were, of our regiment. Major Arrow- 
 smith, myself, and thirty privates, that marched into camp. The 
 balance were killed, wounded, missing, and in camp. Colonel 
 Brady can inform you that I was the only platoon officer of our 
 regiment that kept the ground to the last, and marched in with the 
 men. For the satisfaction of your friends and yourself, I inclose you 
 a copy of our report of the killed, wounded, and missing ; likewise, 
 the officers' names who were in the action. Our wounded are at 
 Buffalo, in good quarters. Let me hear from you. 
 
 I am yours, sincerely, 
 
 Samuel Brady, 
 
 Twenty -second Infantry. 
 Captain Bethuel Vincent. 
 
 N. B. Our total loss in killed, wounded, and missing on that day 
 must have been eight hundred. The British loss no doubt exceeded 
 that, as General Ryall acknowledged that they were whipped when 
 he was taken, and we fought two hours after that, and took nineteen 
 British officers. 
 
 You shall see the report in my next. I wish you to show it to my 
 friends, but it must not be published. 
 
 13th September, occurred the bombardment of Fort McHenry, 
 Baltimore. Frederick Evans was then a captain in the second regi- 
 ment of artillery. His commission is dated 23d July, 181 2, to rank 
 from the 6th. Mrs. George Kremer told me he assisted in building 
 the fort, and was one of its noble defenders. He often described 
 the scene inside as terri^c. Three bomb-shells struck and exploded 
 inside of the fort, and he remarked one man shaking as if he had a 
 chill. He asked to sit under one of the cannon. Evans gave him 
 permission, when shortly another shell struck inside and killed him 
 instantly. Another man was killed within three feet of him. Their 
 coffee ran out, and they had very little to eat for three days. He 
 spoke of a woman who brought water for them. A bomb-shell hit- 
 ting her, exploded, and she was blown to atoms. He brought a 
 small piece of her dress home with him, the largest part of her 
 remains that he could find. The fourth shell that came in was 
 
1814.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 421 
 
 marked "a present from the King of England." This did not ex- 
 plode. It weighed within two pounds as much as an ordinary bar- 
 rel of flour. This he brought home with him, and it may still be 
 seen at Evans' mill, in Juniata county. He said only four shells 
 fell inside. 
 
 Muster Roll of the Field and Staff Officers belonging to the Regi- 
 ment, or Detachment, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel George 
 Weirick, Brigadier General H. Spearing, First Brigade, Second 
 Division, in the service of the United States. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel — George Weirick, September 24, 181 4. 
 Majors — William Taggert and Jacob Lechner, September 24, 181 4. 
 Adjutant — George Coryell, September 24, 181 4. 
 Surgeon — John Y. Kennedy, September 24, '1814. 
 Surgeon's Mate — Thomas Vanvalzah, September 24, 181 4. 
 Quartermaster — George Clingan, October 31, 181 4; Quarter- 
 master Sergeant, John Reehl, November 5. 
 Sergeant Major — Daniel Rohrer, October 5. 
 Aid-de-camp to General Spearing — Hugh Maxwell. 
 Camp Marcus Hook, November 14, 181 4. 
 
 Roll of Captain Henry Miller'' s Company. 
 
 Pay-roll of the company of infantry from Union county, under 
 the command of Captain Henry Miller, attached to the regiment 
 commanded by Lieutenant Colonel George Weirick, Marcus Hook, 
 November 10, 181 4: 
 
 Captain — Miller, Henry. 
 
 Lieutenant — McMillan, John. 
 
 Sergeants — Williams, Benjamin ; Rearick, John ; Ruble, Philip ; 
 Francis, William. 
 
 Corporals — Specht, Adam ; Wilson, Foster ; Spangler, George ; 
 Robinson, Richard. 
 
 Privates — Baker, George ; Baker, Peter ; Barber, John ; Bitting, 
 Charles ; Bobb, Conrad ; Bobb, John ; Black, Robert ; Bossier, 
 George ; Cooke, Andrew ; Coryell, George, appointed sergeant ma- 
 jor, September 26, 181 4; Crossgrove, Samuel; Dar, Elias ; Dreis- 
 
422 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1814. 
 
 bach, John; Dreisbach, Thomas \ Dunsipe, Daniel; Egbert, Cyrus; 
 Eilert, William; Farres, Garrett; Forster, William; Fought, George; 
 Fought, Jacob ; Fox, Conrad ; Fry, John ; Gearig, Jacob ; Gear- 
 hart, Samuel ; Gill, John ; Gill, William, discharged October 26, 
 1814, died at Bellefonte, November 21, 1876, aged eighty-nine; 
 Hanius, Peter, (called Panier;) Herger, Henry; Hasenplugh, 
 Henry; Hasenplugh, Samuel; Kleckner, Abraham; Kleckner, 
 Anthony; Kleckner, Isaac ; Maclay, John, appointed assistant quar- 
 termaster general, October 9, 181 4 ; Mangel, David ; Mayer, John; 
 Moyer, John ; Moyer, WiUiam ; Myer, William ; Norman, John ; 
 Phelps, Francis; Rearick, John; Reichly, William; Ritter, Henry; 
 Rote, John ; Royer, Henry ; Saunders, Michael ; Shaffer, William ; 
 Shaffer, Jacob ; Smith, John ; Snyder, Michael ; Sleer, George ; 
 Shaw, Samuel ; Slough, Benjamin ; Stitzer, David ; Spangler, Chris- 
 tian ; Speer, David ; ' Spiegelmeyer, Daniel ; Solomon, Abraham ; 
 Thompson, James ; Weight, John ; Zimmerman, Jacob. 
 
 Roll of Captain Jacob HumnieV s Company. 
 
 Pay-roll of the company of infantry under the command of Cap- 
 tain Jacob Hummel, attached to the regiment commanded by Lieu- 
 tenant Colonel George Weirick, Marcus Hook, November 10, 1814. 
 
 Captain — Hummel, Jacob. 
 
 Lieutenant — Brady, Walter. 
 
 Ensign — Swartz, Francis B. 
 
 Sergeants — Baldy, Stephen ; Eisely, John ; Hammer, John ; 
 James, John S. 
 
 Corporals — Gordon, John B. ; Petery, John ; Leisenring, Jacob ; 
 Martin, James. 
 
 Privates — App, John; Applegate, John; Armstrong, John; Barn- 
 hart, John ; Bear, William ; Bestler, Henry ; Born, John ; Buck- 
 ner, John ; Burn, Henry ; Buyers, John ; Campbell, John ; Ca- 
 ruthers, Andrew ; Conor, Daniel ; Crutchley, John ; Delany, Dan- 
 iel ; Espy, George; Forly, George; Furman, Jona ; Gearhart, 
 Daniel ; Haupt, Henry ; Hedrick, Jacob ; Housel, John ; Hoy, 
 1-ockwood G. ; Huff, Benjamin; Hull, Isaac; Lowdon, Zachariah; 
 McCloughen, Joseph; Mahoney, William; Marsh, Griggs; Mettler, 
 William; Mirely, Balser; More, David; Morgan^ Joseph; Morgan, 
 
18H.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 423 
 
 James ; Masteller, John ; Newcomer, Abraham ; Overdurf, Peter ; 
 Redline, John ; Renn, John W. ; Rinehart, Frederick ; Ringler, 
 Daniel ; Roadarmel, John ; Sterner, Henry ; Stroh, Jonathan ; 
 Wagner, Christian; Warner, James; Weaver, Frederick; Willet, 
 William; Willet, Samuel; Woodruff, Elias; Woldigan, William; 
 Zeluff, David. 
 
 Roll of Captain Valentine Haas^ Company. 
 
 Roll of the company of infantry from Union county, under the 
 command of Captain Valentine Haas, seventy-seventh regiment 
 Pennsylvania militia, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel George 
 Weirick, Marcus Hook, November 10, 181 4. 
 
 Captain — Haas, Valentine. 
 
 Lieutenant — Shedle, Samuel. 
 
 Sergeants — Eckhart, Jacob C. ; Hosterman, George ; Boyer, 
 Henry; Hendricks, Andrew. 
 
 Corporals — Johnston, John ; Kleckner, Jacob ; Richter, Freder- 
 ick; Overmyer, David. 
 
 Privates — Alter, Joseph, discharged October 5 ; Bachman, Lo- 
 renzo ; Bear, Isaac ; Berger, Joseph ; Berman, Anthony ; Benfer 
 George ; Binckly, Jacob ; Bous, Frederick ; Bosler, Jacob ; Brous 
 Henry ; Buttenstine, Philip ; Clendinin, John ; Doebler, Ludwig 
 Derk, Jonathan ; Doffe, John ; Duke, Jacob ; Duke, George ; Ever 
 hard, Barnes ; Everhard, Philip ; Fetter, Benjamin ; Folk, John 
 Foltz, Joseph; Gordon, Willis; Gaugher, Jonas'; Grim, Henry 
 Haas, Henry ; Haas, Daniel ; Hentricks, E. ; Herrold, Phihp 
 Hobb, Frederick; Hummel, John H. ; Jarrett, Jacob; Karstetter 
 George; Keely, John, discharged October 22 ; Kesler, Michael 
 Kreisher, Henry ; Kreitzer, Frederick ; Kuns, John ; Miller, Dan 
 iel; Mowrer, Jacob; Moyer, Phihp; Neitz, Jacob; Pontius, Henry 
 Rettig, William ; Richenbach, John ; Rusher, John ; Shedler 
 Jacob; Shoemaker, Peter; Smith, Abraham; Smith, John; Smith 
 Joseph; Sold, Philip; Spaid, Henry; Stahl, Henry; StimeUng 
 George ; Stock, Peter ; Swartz, Peter ; Swartzlender, George 
 Trester, John ; Wagner, George ; Weaver, John ; Weller, Isaac 
 Witmer, Samuel; Woodling, Henry; Wool, Daniel; Yeager, John 
 Yeager, Adam ; Yeisly, Henry : Yerger, Philip ; Yordon, John 
 Young, Ludwig. 
 
424 AhNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1814. 
 
 Roll of Captain John Bergstresser's Cofnpany. 
 
 Pay-roll Union county company of militia, attached to the regi- 
 ment commanded by Lieutenant Colonel George Weirick, Marcus 
 Hook, November i8, 1814. 
 
 Captain — Bergstresser, John. 
 
 Lieutenant — Fisher, Thomas. 
 
 Ensign — Noll, Henry. 
 
 Sergeants — Silsby, Uriah ; Reedy, Philip ; Gillaspy, John ; Reng- 
 ler, Daniel ; Merwine, Samuel ; Sargint, John ; Clingan, George. 
 
 Corporals — Nevyus, William ; Vartz, John ; McCorley, Jacob ; 
 Lutz, John. 
 
 Privates — Aikey, Lewis ; Anderson, James H. ; Baldy, Benjamin ; 
 Bellman, George ; Bennage, Samuel ; Bennett, John ; Bidleman, 
 Abraham ; Bower, William ; Bower, George ; Bower, John ; Camp- 
 bell, William; Campbell, John; Campbell, Joseph; Clarke, Joseph; 
 Clark, Flavel ; Clark, Francis ; Clark, William ; Darraugh, John ; 
 Dempsey, Jonathan ; Darsham, Ludwig ; Diefenderfer, Philip ; Eg- 
 burd, Jesse ; Flickingner, Charles ; Frederick, Peter ; Frederick, 
 Jacob ; Frederick, Samuel ; Gilman, Jacob ; Goodlander, Paul ; 
 Hufford, John ; Heiser, Frederick, discharged October 2 ; Herren- 
 don, William ; Housel, Joshua ; Hubler, Jacob; Irwin, John; Irvin, 
 William ; Jamison, John ; Jodun, William ; Jodun, Benjamin ; John- 
 ston, Thomas ; Jones, John ; Kaufman, Jacob ; Kelly, Andrew, dis- 
 charged October 28; Kimmell, Adam; Kunts, Daniel; Kline, 
 Abram ; Kline, George ; Lilley, Peter, discharged October 3 ; Lutz, 
 Samuel ; McClure, Richard ; McGuire, Richard ; McKinley, Hugh, 
 McLaughlin, James ; Maughamer, Daniel ; Magee, James ; Mizener, 
 John ; Mengel, George ; Mowry, Peter ; Myers, Peter ; Moyer, 
 Henry ; Quinn, Michael ; Rees, John ; Ranck, Jonathan ; Rora- 
 bough, Christopher ; Rorabough, Philip ; Rose, Adam ; Shaffer, 
 Daniel ; Shaffer, Henry, substitute for John Hummel ; Sheckler, 
 Jonas ; Sheckler, Simon ; Smith, Jonathan ; Smith, Adam ; Steel, 
 Richard; Steel, David; Stoner, Daniel; Strickland, Samuel; Stru- 
 ble, Peter ; Sypher, Jacob ; Vanderhoof, Henry ; Vanderhoof, Wil- 
 liam ; Vanhorn, William ; Vanhorn, Abram ; Wallace, James ; Wal- 
 ters, John ; Welch, Nicholas; Williamson, Gideon; Wilson, Thomas, 
 Wilson, Samuel; Young, Abraham; Zearphus, George, (Sarphus.) 
 
1814,] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ^25 
 
 In Captain Robert McGuigan's company, November 12 to .24, 
 we find the names of— Egbert, John ; Hafer, James ; Haslet, Joseph ; 
 Ranck, Adam ; Stadden, WilHam ; Vanlew, Peter ; Whitacre, John • 
 Wurtz, Daniel. 
 
 Roll of Captain William F. Buyers' Company. 
 
 Roll of the Northumberland County Blues, volunteer company, 
 attached to the regiment, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel 
 George Weirick, Marcus Hook, November 10, 181 4. 
 
 Captain — Buyers, William F. 
 
 Lieutenants — Jenkins, Thomas S. ; Scott, Samuel H. 
 
 Ensign — Hepburn, John. -^ 
 
 Sergeants— Wilson, Samuel H.; Wallis, Joseph T.; Sweeney, A.M. 
 
 Corporal — Reehl, John. 
 
 Fifer — Armor, William. 
 
 Drummer. — DeLong, Samuel. 
 
 Privates— Armstrong, Jacob ; Black, David ; Bonham, Thomas 
 Buyers, George P. ; Cameron, William ; Campbell, Robert ; Chap 
 man, Edward ; Cooke, William ; Cook, Adam ; Cramer, Joseph B. 
 Cramer, Abram ; Dale, Henry; Dieus, William ; Dougal, James S. 
 Frazier, Charles; Gale, William; Grant, Mact; Grant, Thomas 
 junior, discharged October 23 ; Grant, William M. ; Gray, William 
 Harris, Thomas ; Hendershot, Isaac ; Hopfer, Jacob ; Huffman 
 Joseph; Jones, William; Jones, Jeremiah; Latherland, WiUiam 
 Lay ton, William ; Lebo, Daniel ; Lyon, Robert ; Lyon, Jeremiah 
 McCord, Isaac; McPherson, John ; Martin, John; Maus, Charles 
 Oliphant, James ; Prune, George ; Quinn, John ; Reininger, Henry, 
 Rockele, Theodore J. ; Ross, John ; Watson, William ; Weisner, 
 John ; Weitzel, George ; Wilson, Samuel. 
 
 Jacob Armstrong, John Martin, Robert Campbell, and William 
 Dieus, drafts in Captain Hummel's company, joined my company 
 on 29th, They have been in service the same time our company has. 
 
 William F. Buyers, 
 Captain Northumberland County Blues. 
 
 The following memoranda are from Lieutenant Colonel Weirick's 
 order-book, now in possession of M. L. Schoch, Esquire, of New 
 Berlin : 
 
43(i ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1814. 
 
 General Order, dated at Headquarters, Fourth Militia District, 
 Philadelphia, October 19, 1 814. 
 
 The advance corps will consist of the light brigade, under Briga- 
 dier General Cadwalader, who will report directly to the command- 
 ing general, and act alone under his orders, and those of the War 
 Department. Colonel Irvine's regiment of regulars will support the 
 advance. The army of the center will consist of Brigadier General 
 Spearing's, Smith's, and Snyder's brigades, forming Major General 
 Worrell's division. The volunteers and recruits at Bush Hill will 
 form the reserve. The New Jersey troops, under General Elmer, 
 form the left wing. The officers and men of the fifth United States 
 infantry, at camp near New Castle, will form a detachment, under 
 the immediate command of the senior officer, and act under Colonel 
 Irvine. 
 
 By order of 
 
 Major General Edward P. Gaines. 
 
 Major General Isaac Worrell's headquarters were transferred to 
 Marcus Hook, on the 20th of October. Henry Sheets, major general, 
 second division ; Brigadier General Henry Spearing commanding 
 first brigade, second division, — drafted militia, Northampton, Mont- 
 gomery, Lehigh, Pike, Northumberland, &c. ; Hugh Maxwell, aid- 
 de-camp ; Thomas J. Rodgers and W. C. Rodgers, brigade majors. 
 
 November 13, Ensign Farnsworth transferred to Captain Miller's 
 company. November 15, Lieutenant Colonels Heister and Weirick, 
 and the field officers of their respective commands, ordered to report, 
 at twelve o'clock, at General's quarters, to decide their precedence 
 of rank by lot. 
 
 John Campbell, Griggs Marsh, and David Moore, who have been 
 absent without leave, have come this day, and joined their compa- 
 nies. I, therefore, order the same to be entered on the regimental book. 
 
 George Weirick, 
 Lieutenant Colonel Commanding. 
 
 November 16. The above, who have been reported as deserters, 
 are to be tried as absentees. 
 
 George Weirick, 
 Lieutenant Colonel. 
 
J814.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 427 
 
 November 16, lot determined in favor of Lieutenant Colonel 
 Weirick, who is hereby announced first lieutenant colonel in first 
 brigade, second division, Pennsylvania militia, under the command 
 of Brigadier General Henry Spearing, and is to be obeyed and 
 respected accordingly. It was determined to mutual satisfaction 
 that Major Taggert was properly entitled to the first rank and Major 
 Lechner to the second rank in Colonel Weirick's regiment, and will 
 hereafter take precedence accordingly. 
 
 November 17, the lot for rank of captain resulted: first captain, 
 MjUer ; second. Hummel ; third, Haas ; fourth, Bergstresser. The 
 court-martial held at Adjutant Coryell's marquee, John Bergstresser, 
 president, Lieutenants John McMillan and Samuel Shedle members, 
 Thomas Jenkins, judge advocate, sentenced John Campbell, Griggs 
 Marsh, and David Moore to stand camp guard every other day, and 
 to be within the limits of the camp during the remainder of their 
 tour. 
 
 November 23. The German troops in Major General Sheetz's 
 division will be formed upon the parade to-morrow, at ten o'clock, 
 with their side arms, for divine worship in German. 
 
 The last orders in the book are dated at Marcus Hook, December 
 I : The sick troops are to be discharged on furlough to their res- 
 pective homes until further orders. Adjutant of the day, Coryell. 
 
 The discharge of Peter Myers, signed by Captain John Berg- 
 stresser, is dated Philadelphia, December 20, 181 4, and I presume 
 that is the date of the muster out of the regiment. 
 
 Pay-roll of the Union Rifle Volunteers, commanded by Captain Ner 
 Middleswarth, attached to the Rifle Battalion, commanded by 
 Captain John Uhle, in the Light Brigade, commanded by General 
 Thomas Cadwalader , in actual service at Camp Dupont, Octo- 
 ber 27, 1814. 
 
 Captain — Middleswarth, Ner. 
 
 Lieutenants — Mertz, Isaac; Aurand, John. 
 
 Ensign — Devore, Daniel. 
 
 Sergeants — Fryer, Jacob; Weiser, Daniel; Stees, Frederick, jun- 
 ior; Weikel, George. 
 
 Corporals — Frederick, Abraham ; Layer, Daniel ; Swineford, 
 Albright ; Long, Jacob. 
 
428 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1814. 
 
 Privates — Beitler, Jacob ; Bird, John; Bowersox, Daniel; Boyer, 
 Samuel; Campbell, Elias; Carroll, Henry W. ; Clemence, George 
 Dreese, Henry ; Ely, Asher ; Freedley, Ludwig ; Gilbert, Jacob 
 Gill, Jacob ; Gilmore, Robert ; Grubb, Jacob ; Kaley, Abraham 
 Katherman, John ; Kratzer, Henry ; Kuhns, John ; Loehr, Joseph 
 Loehr, Peter ; Martz, Samuel ; Miller, Daniel ; Miller, Jacob 
 Mitchell, John ; Moyer, George ; Moyer, Jacob ; Shneb, Henry 
 Smith, James ; Stock, Melchior ; Troxell, Jacob ; Thurston, Israel 
 Wakey, John ; Wales, John ; Weirick, Henry ; Wient, George. 
 
 • 
 Marriages. 
 
 2 2d February, John Beeber married to Miss Anna Baker, by H. 
 Spyker, Esquire. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 At Lewisburg, January 16, Charles Cameron, father of the late 
 John Cameron, William Cameron, Esquire, General Simon Cam- 
 eron, Mrs. A. B. Warford, of Harrisburg, Mrs. Boggs, of Indiana, 
 Colonel James Cameron, who was killed at Bull Run, and of Daniel, 
 who died in the naval service. 
 
 August 23, Reverend Isaac Grier, died at Northumberland. Born 
 1763; graduated at Dickinson college in 1788; licensed December 
 21, 1 791. He taught the academy, and was father of Honorable 
 R. C. Grier, Isaac Grier, D. D., &c. 
 
 John Turner, tailor, of Lewisburg. He left a widow, Elizabeth, 
 and daughters, Christena and Matilda. 
 
 Jacob Wolfe, of Buffalo, leaving a widow, Catherine, and chil- 
 dren, Catherine, Elizabeth, Jacob, John, Jonathan, and Samuel. 
 
 August :^9, Adam Laughlin, of Hartley township, aged sixty -six. 
 
 Wendell Baker, of East Buffalo. Children : John, Jacob, Mrs. 
 Mathias Alsbach. Grandchildren : John and Ann Mizener. 
 
 October 14, Paul Collins, of West Buffalo, aged seventy-nine. 
 
 Adam Struble, of West Buffalo. 
 
i8i^. 
 
 Courts held in New Berlin — Union Township Erected — St. Peter's 
 Church, Kelly — Death of Captain William Gray, of Buffalo. 
 
 CT 8th March provided that after the first Monday of 
 May, the courts should be held at New Berlin, in the 
 court-house, provided a full and sufficient deed be made, 
 for the consideration of sixty-seven cents, to the com- 
 missioners, before the first Monday in April, for the court-house 
 and lot. The original receipt for sixty-seven cents may be seen in 
 the commissioner's office, at Lewisburg. nth March, Washington 
 township annexed to Lycoming. — P. L., 119. April i, Hugh Mc- 
 Laughlin's land, in Kelly, was sold to John Gotshall for ^36 per 
 acre, and the Japhet Martin place. East Buffalo, now Frederick's, 
 appraised at ^48. 15th April, Reverend C. Newcomer arrived at 
 Michael Maize's. "On i6th preached at Martin Dreisbach's, 17th 
 at George Miller's, and on the i8th had a long conversation with 
 Messrs. Miller and Niebel on the union of our respective societies, 
 but we could not bring it about." 
 
 Union Township Erected. 
 
 September sessions, upon the report of Andrew McLenachan, John 
 Hayes, and Adam Wilt, Union township was erected, with the fol- 
 lowing boundary : Beginning at a double walnut, on the West 
 Branch, (below Jenkins' mill,) S. 73° W. 3 miles 100 perches to 
 stones on the top of Shamokin ridge ; along same, S. 75° W. 3 miles 
 ID perches, to chestnut oak ; N. 150 W. i mile 200 perches to top of 
 
 42g 
 
430 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1815. 
 
 Limestone ridge; S. 75° W. 2 miles 100 perches to line between 
 Buffalo and West Buffalo ; along same, S. 150 perches to head of John 
 Stees' spring ; thence down same and Switzer run to Penn's creek ; 
 down Penn's creek to the line between Buffalo and Penn's ; thence 
 along the same to the river ; thence up the river to the mouth of 
 West Branch ; thence up West Branch to beginning. 
 
 St Peier's Lutheran Church, in Kelly. 
 
 On the 4th of November, Christian Zerbe and George Reininger, 
 trustees in the conveyance made by Jacob Lotz, executor of Philip 
 Stahl, granted, permitted, allowed, and confirmed the full right, 
 liberty, and privilege unto the members of the Presbyterian con- 
 gregation (German Reformed) of White Deer township, in common 
 with the members of the Lutheran congregation of, in, and to the 
 aforesaid premises and church, when built, in consideration of the 
 German Reformed congregation contributing to the purchase of the 
 lot and building of the house, &c. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 Daniel Shannon with Christena Pross, February 23. March 23, 
 Samuel Strickland with Elizabeth Turner. April 2, Jonathan Ranck 
 with Catherine Long, daughter of Joseph. May 30, Jacob Wehr 
 with Margaret Sassaman. June 25, Jacob Rees and Elizabeth Wil- 
 liamson, in presence of her brother, Gideon. September 3, Elisha 
 Barry with Elizabeth Herbst, daughter of Henry. October 12, 
 George Mook with Julia Fastnock, daughter of Adam. All by 
 Henry Spyker, Esquire. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 4th April, Catherine, wife of John Dreisbach, born nth March, 
 1785. Married i8th April, 1811. nth April, Elizabeth, wife-of 
 William Wilson, aged fifty-seven. June 27, John Freedly, (miller,) 
 ' ' found this morning lying in a water sluice, in his meadow, dead. 
 George Knox, George Schnable, John Lawshe, senior, George 
 Metzgar, Henry Colway, Philip Lesher, Alexander Graham, George 
 
1815.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 431 
 
 Kremer, Robert Smith, Alexander Morton, Jonathan Spyker, and 
 James Knox, a jury empaneled, found he came to his death by acci- 
 dent, and not by violence." (He was the owner of Ludwig Derr's 
 mill.) 
 
 Captain William Gray, one of the first settlers in the Valley, 
 died. His children were : Sally, Mrs. Mary Dunlap ; Susanna, mar- 
 ried first to William Hudson, after his death, to Andrew Forster ; 
 Eleanor, to John Robinson ; Margaret, to John Hayes, Esquire ; 
 Nancy, widow of Hudson Williams ; Jane, widow of William Wal- 
 lace, married to Samuel Hutchinson. 
 
 Hugh McLaughlin, White Deer. He lived, adjoining William 
 Clingan's, owning a farm of seventy acres. His children : James 
 Eleanor, wife of William Cameron, Esquire; Hugh, who recently 
 (1871) died at Lewisburg, and Margaret, who died unmarried. 
 
 Japhet Morton, East Buffalo. Children : Edward, William, John, 
 Alexander, Isabella, married to Thorrt&s McGuire, and Rachel and 
 four grandchildren, sons of Thomas, deceased: Martha, Betsey, 
 Polly, and Japhet. 
 
 November i. Christian Nevius, aged fifty-six. He left a widow, 
 Lucretia, who died January 19, 1841, aged seventy-five. Children: 
 Peter, John, Ann, Ralph, Aaron, Elizabeth, Phoebe, and Sarah. 
 
i6. 
 
 Henry Shaup's Newspaper — Susquehanna Bible Society Formed — 
 Lewisburg Bridge Built — A New Church at Cross-Roads — Pres- 
 idential Election — Simon Snyder's Letter to George Kremer — 
 Judge Cooper Transfered to the University of Pennsylvania. 
 
 TEMS taken froift Henry Shaup's Union Newspaper — 
 Markets in Philadelphia: wheat, ^2.20; rye, ^1.45 ; 
 corn, ^1.50; butter, 14 cents pound. 
 
 Proposals are published by JFrederick Gutelius, James 
 Dale, and John Bower, county commissioners, for building the jail. 
 Israel Inman was the principal store-keeper in New Berlin. George 
 Spring notifies all persons having lots in the town of Springfield, to 
 come forward on the ist of April, and lift their deeds or give up 
 their tickets. James Merrill, practicing law at Mr. Maurer's, op- 
 posite the New Berlin hotel. William Poak kept hotel at Hartle- 
 ton. John 'Grove's vendue at New Berlin. James Monroe and 
 Daniel D. Tompkins nominated for President and Vice President, 
 by the Republican members of Congress. Simon Snyder had thirty 
 votes in caucus for Vice President. Aaron Chamberlin elected col- 
 onel, vice George Weirick, resigned. Philip Franck, watch-maker. 
 New Berlin. George Eisenhuth, merchant. William Dale and 
 John Leany, executors of Samuel Fisher, of White Deer, advertise 
 his land on White Deer creek for sale. A public market held in New 
 Berlin on the 20th of June, continuing three days, for the purpose 
 of selling horses, horned cattle. " Here the weary peddler was in- 
 vited to repose a few days, with his pack, and at the same time vend 
 jewelry to his advantage ; the lovers of music and dancing, to spend 
 the careless hours in pleasure. Boxers and gamblers are not invited, 
 
 432 
 
1816.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 433 
 
 but may attend at their own risk." A bear beat is also advertised 
 as one of the attractions. An association formed to suppress horse- 
 racing, Abbot Green, treasurer. John Sargeant and Robert Smith 
 were brought before Henry Spyker, Esquire, who fined them ^20 
 each. He notes in his docket that "the judges of Union county say 
 this is wrong, and have reversed my proceeding. After this, the 
 judges may fine the horse-racers themselves." 
 
 July 23, Ann Smith, alias Carson, arrested above Harrisburg, 
 with two companions, who called themselves Owen Jones and Na- 
 thaniel B. Bard. She had formed plains to abduct the Governor, 
 and extort by violence a pardon of Richard Smith, convicted of the 
 murder of Captain Carson, or, failing in this, to seize some member 
 of his family. 
 
 Susquehanna Bible Society formed at Milton, John B. Patterson, 
 president; vice presidents. Reverend Thomas Hood and Judge An- 
 drew Albright. Shaup thus notices the demise of the The Advocate 
 of the Union, Hugh Maxwell's paper : " Union county has lost an 
 Advocate, Saturday, 27th September, after a lingering illness of one 
 year and seven months. The remains, we understand, have been 
 removed to Belief onte." 
 
 August 24. Adam Wilt made a plan of New Berlin, showing the 
 original as laid out by George Long, and the additions made by 
 Christopher Seebold, Christian Miller, Henry Gross, Alexander 
 and James Beatty. This plan was signed by the lot owners of New 
 Berlin, and recorded as the proper plan of the place. Deed book 
 " C, " page 198. 
 
 Improvements. 
 
 15 th March, supplement to the Lewisburg bridge charter passed, 
 authorizing the Governor to subscribe four hundred shares for the 
 State. June 19, the company organized. July 4, contract made 
 with Reuben Fields for the erection of the bridge for $52,600. 
 $2,400 was afterwards allowed, in addition to the contract price. 
 The jail at New Berlin was erected this year by Frederick Hippie, 
 of Centre township. Contract price, $4,000. The stone furnished 
 by Henry Gross, at twelve and a half cents per perch, measured in 
 the wall. 23d February, Buffalo Cross-Roads congregation met, 
 William Clingan called to the chair, James McCIellan, secretary, 
 28 
 
434 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1816. 
 
 and resolved to build a stone meeting-house, sixty by thirtf-five. 
 The trustees altered it to fifty-two by forty ; four rows of seats, and 
 pulpit in the end. Jacob Hartman contracted to do all the carpen- 
 ter work and painting for ^625. William McLaughlin to do the 
 mason work at seventy-five cents per perch. This stone church 
 stood within the limits of the present grave-yard, north-west corner. 
 The corner-stone was laid on the 23d day of July. It was com- 
 pleted by the 29th of December, when Mr. Dunham preached the 
 first sermon in the new church, from Nehemiah, iv : 6 : " For the 
 people had a mind to build." 19th March, 181 7, Mr. Hood 
 preached the first sermon in the new pulpit. Text, John, vi : 38 
 and 39, showing the reasonableness of the doctrine of predestina- 
 tion. 27th April, Peter Burg conveyed to Conrad Philips and John 
 Walters, a lot on Walnut street and Apple Tree alley, in New Berlin, 
 for a grave-yard for the use of the Union County Evangelical Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 At the October election, the candidates for Congress were George 
 Kremer, WilHam Wilson, David Scott, Charles Maus, and Captain 
 William F. Buyers. William Wilson and David Scott were elected. 
 At this election, one thousand six hundred and twelve votes were 
 polled. Democratic majority nearly seven hundred and fifty. At 
 the November election, Monroe and Tompkins received six hundred 
 and one votes, against one hundred and two for the opposition or 
 Independent Republican ticket, on which were the the names of 
 Andrew Gregg, Christian Brobst, Daniel Montgomery, and others, 
 as electors. 
 
 October 1 1 , Reverend C. Newcomer arrived again in the Valley ; 
 preached at old Mr. Eyers'. 12th, at Mr. Dreisbach. Sunday, 13th, 
 had meeting in the forenoon and at night. 14th, conference of the 
 Albright brethren commenced. 15th, attended a funeral at Mr. 
 Gilmore's; at night preached at Solomon Betz's. i6th, preached at 
 Youngmanstown and lodged at Mr. Corl's. Mail arrives at New 
 Berlin once a week. 
 
 Extracts from a letter from Governor Snyder to George Kremer, 
 24th November : "I should like much to see you pitted against that 
 arch fiend, Lieb, in the House of Representatives; but unless Brobst 
 resigns, I cannot see how the Speaker could constitutionally issue a 
 writ for the election of another. A writ of lunacy could be awarded 
 
1816.] . ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 435 
 
 by tire court of Union county, and thereupon a writ might issue for 
 a new election. The people might memorialize the House, that, 
 through mental derangement, the act of God, one of their Repre- 
 sentatives is disqualified to represent the wisdom of the county. 
 This, accompanied by certificates from regular-bred physicians — 
 Doctors Dougal, Vanvalzah, &c. — would undoubtedly bring the ques. 
 tion fairly before the House, and a precedent established in his case, 
 if there is not one already, in this country or in England. But, if 
 he has any interval of sanity, this might be embraced to procure his 
 resignation. Thus all difficulty would be removed, and make room 
 for your election, which, I suppose, would be certain, if the Longs- 
 town interest does not oppose you. Whatever may be done, it will 
 be all-important to keep out of view his having been mad before his 
 election, or that the people were so who elected him." 
 
 The letter refers to Jacob Brobst, who became insane. He lived 
 just above Mififlinburg, where he died. The path the poor old man 
 tramped in his fearful spells and struggles was visible many years 
 after his death. 
 
 December 6. Judge Thomas Cooper, late professor at Dickinson 
 College, Carlisle, was elected professor in the University of Penn- 
 sylvania. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 1 7th January, Daniel Shriner with Catherine Funston, daughter 
 of William. June 6, John Hayes with Jane McFadden, daughter 
 of John. June 23, Titus Kemp with Betsey Huntingdon, in pres- 
 ence of her cousin, Gabriel. £0 die, William Francis, widower, 
 with Catherine Gettig, widow. November 7, Henry Moyer with 
 Polly Strickland. December 19, John Walters with Susanna Moyer, 
 daughter of John, in presence of her brother, Peter. December 31, 
 by Reverend J. H. Fries, Jacob Strayer to Rachel Harmony, of 
 New Berlin. In August, John Johnston, (painter,) of New Berlin, 
 to Elizabeth Kress, by H. Yearick, Esquire. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 9th March, Mrs. Elizabeth Weirick, wife of Colonel George Wei- 
 rick, aged thirty-six. 
 
Vj^ 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1817. 
 
 Peter Bower, East Buffalo, aged sixty-eight. 
 
 Killian Dunkle, East Buffalo. 
 
 John Hoover, of West Buffalo. Children : George, Jacob, Ann, 
 Mary, Elizabeth, Catherine, Susan, and Christena. 
 
 Philip Gebhart. Widow : Mary. Children : Jonathan, George, 
 John, Henry, Michael, Elizabeth, Sally, and Mary. 
 
 Daniel Rees, of Buffalo, left widow, Catherine, and children, 
 Catherine and George W. 
 
 October 15, Thomas Sutherland, father of Mrs. Doctor Thomas 
 Vanvalzah, aged eighty-four. (His widow, Jane, died July 9, 1819, 
 aged eighty-two.) 
 
 181^. 
 
 Political — Election Returns — Lewisburg Bridge — Henry Spyker^^ 
 Esquire — Colonel William Chamberlin. 
 
 |OHN SNYDER, United States Collector Internal Rev- 
 enue. Postmasters : Lewisburg, A. Graham ; New Ber- 
 lin, James Merrill ; Mifflinburg, John Orwig ; Hartle- 
 ton, James Madden. Republican Standing Committee, 
 Henry Yearick, James Geddes, and P. F. Deering. 19th February, 
 Democratic Republican Convention held at New Berlin. John 
 Gross, president ; Henry Yearick, secretary. Ner Middleswarth 
 and James Dale appointed delegates to the State Convention, and 
 William Findlay, of Franklin, recommended for Governor. 4th 
 March, William Findlay nominated at Harrisburg, and Joseph 
 Hiester by the Independent Republicans, at Carlisle. June 19, 
 Stephen Hughes, chairman, John Mauck and Lewis Bertram secre- 
 taries of the Hiester meeting, held at the house of John Solomon, 
 in New Berlin. July 12, Findlay meeting held at New Berlin; 
 John Wilson, president ; James Geddes and Christopher Seebold 
 secretaries. Vigilance committees : Hartley, Adam Wilt and Henry 
 
1817.1 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 437 
 
 Roush : West Buffalo, Michael Schoch, John Dreisbach, Christo- 
 pher Johnston, John Ray, and Robert Forster ; East Buffalo, James 
 Dale, John Reber, Andrew Reedy, and George Knox ; White Deer, 
 Colonel Aaron Chamberhn, A. McClenachan, Major John Ranck, 
 and Dan Caldwell ; Union, Alexander Boveard, Michael Waggoner, 
 Jacob Kline, and William Kessler. loth September, convention 
 at New Berlin ; John Orwig, chairman; Isaac Mertz, secretary. Jo- 
 seph Hiester nominated for Governor. Assembly, Fred Stees and 
 Joseph Stillwell ; commissioner, Mishael Lincoln ; auditor, Samuel 
 Baum. Delegates: Union, George Eisenhuth ; Hartley, Abbot 
 Green and William Reed ; West Buffalo, John Orwig and Daniel 
 Reeser ; East Buffalo, Christian Sterner and William Hayes. 20th 
 September, General Adam Light nominated by the Independents 
 for Congress. 
 
 ELECTION BETUIiNS. 
 
 DISTRICTS. 
 
 Union, . . , 
 East Buffalo, , 
 West Buffalo, 
 White Deer, . 
 Hartley, . . , 
 Beaver, . . . 
 Centre, . . , 
 Perry, . . . 
 Free burg, . . 
 Penn's, . . . 
 
 GOV'NR. CONG'SS, 
 
 192 
 116 
 173 
 
 45 
 103 
 171 
 204 
 
 92 
 163 
 248 
 
 145 
 
 222 
 
 115 
 
 200 
 
 108 
 
 70 
 
 35 
 
 39 
 
 49 
 
 35 
 
 192 
 
 96 
 
 173 
 
 141 
 229 
 114 
 23i 218 
 99 111 
 71 
 
 3 
 
 48 
 156 
 182 
 
 232 
 
 48 
 55 
 49 
 
 Total, . ■ . . . 1507 1018 972 1268 1405 1890 1116 1096 1320 1011 
 
 ASSEMBLY. 
 
 167 
 
 102 
 173 
 
 43 
 101 
 162 
 192 
 
 70 
 157 
 238 
 
 184 
 
 98 
 
 167 
 
 43 
 
 87 
 
 159 
 
 186 
 
 67 
 
 157 
 
 242 
 
 165 
 
 236 
 
 123 
 
 202 
 
 110 
 
 79 
 
 47 
 
 59 
 
 51 
 
 44 
 
 152 
 
 228 
 
 116 
 
 201 
 
 113| 
 
 79 
 
 46 
 
 68 
 
 53 
 
 40 
 
 comm'r. 
 
 134 
 111 
 172 
 
 37 
 102 
 167 
 104 
 
 87 
 160 
 246 
 
 141 
 
 219 
 
 113 
 
 204 
 
 109 
 
 68 
 
 35 
 
 45 
 
 50 
 
 33 
 
 February 6, prices in Philadelphia: Wheat, $3 per bushel; rye, 
 $1.60; corn, ^1.70. February 13, Methodist church, at New Ber- 
 lin, dedicated. A great assemblage of people. Over two hundred 
 sleds and sleighs. March 13, ice broke on the river, and obstructed 
 the stages. 9th August, Limestone Run bridge, in the town of Mil- 
 
438 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1817. 
 
 ton, swept out, with large portions of the road, by a sudden freshet 
 in that stream. 
 
 Lewisburg Bridge. 
 
 November i, superstructure up, and teams cross the Lewisburg 
 bridge. James Lee, the old tavern-keeper, at Northumberland, in 
 a suit, Burrz/j. McCay, 6 Barr, 149, about the " Burr bridge patent," 
 testified to the following facts, in regard to the building of this bridge 
 and others on the Susquehanna : 
 
 "In May, 181 6, Theodore Burr was at my house, in Northum- 
 berland, and I asked him whether he proposed attending the letting 
 of the Lewisburg bridge. He said he had enough bridges on hand, 
 and recommended Reuben Fields as a first-rate builder, who worked 
 with him on the Harrisburg bridge. I went to Harrisburg, got an 
 introduction to Mr. Fields, who came to Lewisburg the week fol- 
 lowing, to look at the points for material, contiguous to the site. A 
 few days before the letting, he brought up a plan and draft for the 
 bridge. Theodore Burr advised Fields and myself to build on that 
 plan. We presented the plan to the company on the 3d of July, 
 1816, together with our proposals. The day following, Mr. Hep- 
 burn drew the contract between the Lewisburg Bridge Company, 
 Fields, and myself, and on the 7th we commenced excavating the 
 foundation for stone-work. In September we had got up two piers, 
 and the two abutments half way. - Mr. Fields came up that fall, and 
 commenced the wood-work. Early the next spring one of the 
 reaches was up, and another part raised on the east side," &c. 
 
 Theodore Burr commenced building the Northumberland bridge 
 in 1 8 1 2 . Finished it in two years. In 1 8 1 4 he commenced the Har- 
 risburg bridge, and finished it in two or three years. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 February 20, by Henry Spyker, Esquire, Peter Long to Sarah, 
 daughter of Jacob Moore. June 19, by Reverend J. H. Fries, Samuel 
 Roush, Esquire, to Miss Elizabeth Dunkle. September 9, by Rev- 
 erend Peter Kessler, Jacob Alter to Miss Ann Kessler. October 24, 
 George Mitchel to Eliza Anderson. May 22, by Reverend John 
 Patterson, Andrew McBeth to Ann Linn. 
 
1817.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 439 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 February 6, Enoch Smith, Esquire, attorney-at-law, Sunbury, 
 Pennsylvania. February 19, Flavel Roan, Esquire, born July 31, 
 1760. Son of the Reverend John Roan, and brother of Mrs. Clingan. 
 He was buried in the Presbyterian grave-yard, at Lewisburg, near 
 the pavement, a little east of the present church. The grave being 
 immarked, it was lost sight of when the church was built. March 1 7 , 
 Elizabeth, wife of Reverend J. G. Heim, born April 1 7, 1 776. April 
 17, Elias Youngman, born August 15, 1738. Married, January 11, 
 1763, to Catherine Nagle. His children were: George, father of 
 Elias, of Jersey Shore ; Thomas, who died, (Thomas' widow married 
 Robert Forster,) and Catherine, married to. John Dreisbach. Elias 
 Youngman was a hatter, in Sunbury, in 1775. Moved into the Val- 
 ley in 1783. April 27, Jacob Dunkle, who bought the Heberling 
 mill at sheriff's sale, as the property of Captain John Bergstresser, was 
 killed near Bear Gap, as he was coming home with the team from 
 Philadelphia. His horses ran off, and the wagon wheels passed over 
 his head, killing him instantly. He was the grandfather of Charles 
 C, of Lewisburg. He left a family of seven sons and five daughters. 
 He was married, November 24, 1789, to Ann C. Shoemaker. 
 
 July I, Henry Spyker, Esquire. His children were: Mrs. Alex- 
 ander Graham, Jonathan Spyker, &c. He was a son of Peter Spy- 
 ker, who was president of the courts of Berks county in 1780. The 
 Spykers, Christs, Kadermans, &c., came over with Conrad Weiser to 
 New York, in 17 10, from a place called Herrenburg, in Wurtemberg, 
 Germany. In .1729, they all removed together to Tulpehocken, 
 where Henry Spyker was born, 29th August, 1753. He was adju- 
 tant, in 1776, of a militia regiment on duty at Amboy, New Jersey, 
 where he heard the thunder of the battle on the 25 th, 26th, and 
 27th. His manuscript journal is yet in the possession of his grand- 
 daughter, Mary Spyker, at Lewisburg, together with many valua- 
 ble papers, a complete file of almanacs from 1756 down. He was 
 paymaster of the militia from October i, 1777, to July 27, 1785, 
 during which he disbursed ^^122, 847 js. 6d., and accounted satis- 
 factorily for every cent. He was afterwards member of Assembly for 
 Berks, 1788-90. In 1797, when Jonathan was twelve years old, 
 just the'age of Lewisburg, he removed to Lewisburg, where he en- 
 
44° ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1817. 
 
 gaged in store-keeping for a few years ; was then appointed a justice, 
 which office he exercised until within a few days of his death. He 
 used to tell of two Germans of the Valley, who came to his office 
 to make some sale, and have a note written, and when through, the 
 party who was to have the note told the other to keep it, and he 
 could then know when it was due, and come and pay him. 
 
 August 21, Colonel William Chamberlin. He came from Hun- 
 terdon county. New Jersey, where he was born, September 25, 1736. 
 He served as lieutenant colonel in second regiment. Colonel David 
 Chambers, his commission bearing date 9th September, 1777, in 
 November of which year, by order of Governor Livingston, he 
 was directed to call on Messrs. Penn and Chew, at the Union iron- 
 works, to conduct them to Worcester, Massachusetts, and deliver them 
 to the Council of that State. He was also directed to purchase, in 
 Connecticut or Massachusetts Bay, twenty thousand flints for the 
 Council of New Jersey. He participated in the battle of Mon- 
 mouth, 28th June, 1778, where his eldest son Lewis was killed by a 
 cannon ball. He moved into our Valley in 1793, and on the i6th 
 of August, 1794, married his fourth wife, Mary Kemble. He was 
 the father of twenty-three children, fifteen of whom were born in 
 New Jersey. Of his children, Nelly married John Lawshe, senior ; 
 Ann, John Ross ; Lucretia, Christian Nevius ; William, Enoch, 
 Tenbrooke ; Sarah, married to James Wilson ; Uriah • Elizabeth, 
 married to William McCreery ; Aaron, came with him. His fourth 
 wife's children were : John, James, I^ewis, Mary Frances, married 
 to John Linn; Joseph P., James D., and Moses, the latter still resid- 
 ing at Milton. 
 
 James Marshall, of White Deer. 
 
1§1§. 
 
 Delawares and Shawanese Remove West of the Mississippi. 
 
 ILLIAM FINDLAY, Governor. 
 
 February 8, prices current in Philadelphia : flour, 
 ^lo per barrel ; wheat, $i 80 ; rye, 95 cents. 9th, the 
 first toll was taken on the Lewisburg bridge. On the 
 5 th and 6th of May, David Yoder had the town of New Columbia 
 surveyed and laid out in streets and lots. During this summer, the 
 Christian chapel, a frame building on Fourth street, between St. 
 John and St. Anthony, in Lewisburg, was erected. 
 
 I note, September 17, the treaty by which the Delawares and 
 Shawanese cede their lands in Ohio and Indiana, and agree to take 
 locations on the Arkansas river. The Delawares resided principally 
 on Stony creek, a branch of the Maumee ; the Shawanese on the 
 Auglaize river, where it empties into the Maumee, in north-western 
 Ohio. 
 
 The election this fall did not manifest any material change in the 
 political situation of the State. Ex-Governor Simon Snyder was 
 elected Senator from Northumberland, Union, &c., without any 
 opposition. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 Among marriages are : February 24, James Dale to Eliza Bell, of 
 Hanover, Dauphm county. June 11, John Snyder, Esquire, to 
 Miss Mary Kittera, daughter of late Honorable John Wilkes Kit- 
 tera, deceased. November 4, Lieutenant R. H. Hammond, fifth 
 U. S. infantry, to Miss Eliza C. Gloninger, of Lebanon. 
 
 44r 
 
442 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1819. 
 
 Deaihs. 
 
 Among deaths: March 30, Christopher Weiser, East Buffalo, aged 
 sixty-one. May 25, Sarah Barber, wife of Robert, aged sixty-five. 
 
 1819. 
 
 Difficulty in Mr. Fries" Church — Bank Suspensions. 
 
 |HIS year is noted in our religious history for Mr. Fries' 
 difficulty in his Miffiinburg congregation. It assumed 
 such proportions that the Synod recommended that he 
 should withdraw from Miffiinburg and take charge of 
 the eight congregations at Middle creek. He came home from 
 Synod, called a meeting of the elders of Penn's, Brush Valley, New 
 Berlin, Dreisbach's and Miffiinburg, before whom he invited his 
 accusers to appear. It appears they had circulated a story that, on 
 Easter Sunday, he had conducted himself as if he were intoxicated. 
 The elders pronounced him innocent. Their report is signed, Adam 
 Harper, president ; Adam Neidig, secretary ; John Brown, Henry 
 Herbst, John Zeigler, John Philip Meyer, Frederick Gutehus, John 
 Ray, Sebastian Whitmer, Elias Youngman, and John Dreisbach, 
 elders. 
 
 In August, the Northumberland, Union, and Columbia Bank, at 
 Milton, stopped payment. Its notes in circulation were ^55,000, 
 and the debts due to the institution amounted to ^190,000. Manu- 
 factures having broken down in the country, bank notes necessalrily 
 flowed in large quantities to Philadelphia and Baltimore for the pur- 
 chase of goods and the payment of debts. City banks had plenty 
 of their own paper, and, therefore, would not take them ; or, if they 
 did, forwarded them forthwith for redemption. The result followed. 
 
1819.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 443 
 
 the country banks had to suspend. This was the case with the Read- 
 ing Bank, Northampton Bank, &c. 
 
 Among the deaths this year were : Henry Iddings, aged ninety- 
 two, leaving ten children. John Boal, of White Deer; his family 
 were Elizabeth, married to Matthew Laird ; Mary, to John Reznor ; 
 Sophia^, to Samuel Woods ; Margaret ; Nancy, to J. Foster Wilson, 
 of Hartleton. 
 
 Domestic. 
 
 The use of the tomato, as" an edible, is noted. Prior to this, the 
 plant was cultivated for ornament. 
 
 The large stone house in Lewisburg, now occupied by Mark Half- 
 penny, was built by William Hayes. 
 
 Governor Simon Snyder. 
 
 Governor Simon Snyder died at Selinsgrove, November 9, at 
 three, a. m., aged seventy years and four days. His remains rest in 
 the old grave-yard, at Selinsgrove, under a marble slab, without any 
 inscription. His father was a mechanic, who had emigrated from 
 Germany to Lancaster, where the Governor was born. In July, 
 1784, he removed to Northumberland county, and settled at Selins- 
 grove, where he opened a store, and became the owner of a mill. 
 He soon became useful as a scrivener, and as a friend of the poor 
 and distressed. He was soon elected justice of the peace, in which 
 capacity he officiated for twelve years. (Justices then presided in 
 the county court.) So universally were his decisions respected, that 
 there never was any appeal from any judgment of his to the court, 
 and but one writ of certiorari was served upon him during that time. 
 His political record is spread forth on the foregoing pages of these 
 Annals. Mention will, therefore, be made here of only a few inci- 
 dents of his public life. With him originated the arbitration prin- 
 ciple, first incorporated, with other wholesome provisions, for the 
 adjustment of controversies brought before justices of the peace, 
 called the hundred-dollar act. After a few years' experience, this 
 salutary principle was ingrafted upon our judiciary system. Gen- 
 eral Abner Lacock was his coadjutor in these measures. His con- 
 
444 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1819. 
 
 duct during the war of 1812 was patriotic, and worthy of a Gov- 
 ernor of Pennsylvania. His son John, afterwards the Honorable 
 John Snyder, of the thirteenth district, then a boy of nineteen, raised 
 a company, and marched with them as captain tg Baltimore. They 
 arrived at Harrisburg before daylight, and were halted before the 
 Governor's door. He arose from his bed, and welcomed them, and 
 with stirring words complimented their bravery. He always said, 
 in speaking of the circumstance, he never before had felt so proud 
 of his son John. 
 
 During the session of 1813-14, a very large majority of both 
 Houses passed the bill to charter forty banks. The candidate for 
 Governor was at that time nominated by the members of the Leg- 
 islature. When they came into caucus, it was remarked that the 
 bank bill was then before the Governor, and that it would be 
 prudent to make no nomination till it was seen whether he would 
 sanction it. Within three days. Governor Snyder returned the bill, 
 with his objections, and it did not pass that session. His independ- 
 ence was the theme of universal praise, and he was that year re- 
 elected by an immense majority. Having served out the consti- 
 tutional term, he returned to Selinsgrove, and at the next general 
 election was made State Senator, and served one session. 
 
 The crowning glory of Governor Snyder's career was his Chris- 
 tianity. In religious culture he was a Moravian, and in public station 
 he never forgot his vows or neglected his religious duties. His heart 
 went out at all times in deeds of kindness to the poor and unfortu- 
 nate. He was long mourned with sincere grief by them, and the 
 few old people still surviving, tell how tenderly it was manifested 
 when he was buried out of their sight. 
 
 His letters to his children are very affectionate, and full of good 
 advice. I quote^ from one to his daughter, Amelia, afterwards Mrs. 
 Jenks, dated the 30th of January, 1813 : 
 
 " I hope the practice I recommended, of reading by the boys in 
 the evening, has been adopted, and the reading of a chapter in the 
 New Testament or one of Blair's sermons on a Sunday, when there 
 is no worship in our church. When there is, and the weather is 
 tolerable, I trust you and all the boys attend. Your ensample may 
 influence them. I would advise you to set apart, say two hours 
 each day, for reading, and endeavor to store in your mind all that 
 
1819.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 445 
 
 is worth recollecting. Write to me when you have an opportunity, 
 or rather write when anything occurs to your mind worth com- 
 municating, and then you will be ready, and not hurried, when an 
 opportunity offers. This is my method, or I never could get through 
 half my business." 
 
 His parental tenderness and his earnest desire for the conversion 
 of his children is the burden of many of his letters. From one, 
 dated Harrisburg, 19th January, 1813, I make the following ex- 
 tracts : .;■. 
 
 " Dear Child : I have but a few moments time, before the mail 
 starts, to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 17th. I 
 feel much distressed by your relation of John's state of health. I 
 hope that no pains or expense will be spared to restore him. God 
 grant that he may recover, and become sensible of the necessity to 
 alter his mind, and prove thankful and grateful to God for his 
 mercies. His God, from whose hand the thread of his life is sus- 
 pended, will hear him, if, with a contrite heart he calls for mercy 
 and forgiveness. I write under strong emotions of pain. God have 
 him and you all in His holy keeping, is the prayer of your father, 
 
 S. S." 
 
 The Governor's long residence at the seat of government, during 
 which he had not the leisure necessary for managing his extensive 
 estates, and his liberality to his relatives and friends, had greatly 
 embarrassed his affairs. The death of his son Frederick taking place 
 at this time, broke his spirit. The powers of the other world soon 
 claimed him for its silent fellowship. He is now united with the 
 apostles and martyrs, the great and good of all ages, with those he 
 so tenderly loved in life, and more than all, with his Saviour. 
 
 Governor Snyder's first wife was Elizabeth Michael, of Lancaster, 
 by whom he had two children: Amelia, born 21st June, 1791. She 
 was married March 28, 1820, by Doctor Dewitt to Doctor Phineas 
 Jenks, member of the House from Bucks county, at Harrisburg. 
 Mrs. Elsegood, wife of Reverend J. I. Elsegood, of East New York, 
 is the only daughter of Amelia. The Honorable John Snyder, who 
 married June 11, 181 8, Mary Louisa Kittera, daughter of Honor- 
 able John Wilkes Kittera, of Lancaster, Congressman during the 
 administration of General Washington, and until the election of 
 
44(> ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1819. 
 
 Thomas Jefferson, in 1801, when he died. John Snyder's children 
 by his first wife are Miss Mary K. Snyder, postmistress at Selins- 
 grove, Mrs. Vandyke, who now hves in Lewisburg, widow of James 
 C. Vandyke, Esquire, late United States district attorney for the east- 
 ern district of Pennsylvania. Among his children by subsequent mar- 
 riage, is Mrs. G. W. Walls, of Lewisburg. Honorable John Snyder 
 died at Selinsgrove, August 15, 1850. The children by his second 
 marriage were Henry W. Snyder, born 20th July, 1797. He was a 
 paymaster in the late war, and died at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. 
 Of his children, are Mrs. Joseph Musser, of Lewisburg, who has a 
 portrait of her grandmother, which is certainly complimentary to the 
 Governor's appreciation of beauty. George A. Snyder, a man of 
 unmistakable genius, was the second son. His artist aspirations 
 were early developed, and he desired his father to send him to Italy ; 
 but he insisted upon making a lawyer of him. He never practiced, 
 I believe. Taught school for the most part, and died in Williams- 
 port on the 6th of July, 1865. During the war, being old and feeble, 
 he still insisted upon doing something, and gathered all the news- 
 papers that came in his way, cut out the interesting articles, and 
 pasting them into small scrap-books, sent them to the hospitals to 
 help the sick soldiers while away the tedious hours of sickness. His 
 children are Mrs. Mathias App, now of Michigan ; Mrs. Kate Crane ; 
 Henry and George S., foundrymen of Williamsport, Pennsylvania; 
 Mrs. Riley, Antes and Jesse D., of the same place. 
 
 Antes Snyder,^ who died at Pottstown in December, 1861, where 
 his widow, Mrs. Mary B., still resides, (18 71,) was the child Mrs. 
 Carson wished to kidnap, in order to obtain from the Governor 
 the pardon of Smith. He well remembered how carefully he was 
 guarded in door until after the execution of Smith. ' Antes was 
 educated at West Point, graduated with high honors, and was soon 
 afterwards sent by the Government to England on business con- 
 nected with the railway system, then in its infancy here. 
 
 The Governor said, should Mrs. Carson succeed in the abduction 
 of his child, the law should, nevertheless, have its course. He was 
 spared the trial, but all who knew his stern integrity, felt assured 
 
 ' Antes Snyder was the engineer who designed and built the large stone bridges 
 over the Schuylkill, at the falls and Peacock's lock, above Reading, and one at 
 Schuylkill Haven, and a number of small ones along the line of the Philadelphia 
 and Keading railroaa. 
 
1819.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 447 
 
 that the law would have been honored, even had he been put to so 
 severe a test. 
 
 Governor Snyder was married the third time to Mary Slough 
 Scott, a widow lady of Harrisburg, i6th October, 181 4. She sur- 
 vived him, and died at Harrisburg October 8, 1823. She was a 
 member of the Episcopal church, and was the first person who com- 
 menced a Sabbath-school in Selinsgrove. She is spoken of as a bril- 
 liant woman in society. 
 
 I quote from her letter to Amelia, dated Philadelphia, June 1 1 , 
 18 1 8, anticipating Honorable John Snyder's wedding. The gar- 
 lands have faded this many a day ; their perfume may still linger 
 in some households : 
 
 "My Dear Amelia* At length I have a moment to devote to 
 you, on the morning of the important day which is to connect us 
 with Mary. At nine o'clock this evening Doctor Wilson will tie the 
 knot. Mr. Peacock has stayed for the wedding. The fair brides- 
 maids are Mary Smith, Miss Houston, Hannah L. Orme. The 
 groomsmen, Shunk, T. Conrad, Thomas and John Kittera. All the 
 relatives will be here. The company will consist of about thirty per- 
 sons. To-morrow, early, we set out, and will rest at Lancaster on 
 Sunday, go to Harrisburg on Monday, and leave that on Thursday 
 or Friday for Selinsgrove. I am very anxious about your father. 
 Henry writes Mr. Peacock that he was unwell after I left him. I 
 hope in God he is now well. Mr. Hemphill gave a dinner for me 
 Tuesday. I had twelve of my particular friends to meet me last 
 evening. I took tea with Mrs. Watson. She sends much love. It 
 is so warm, I am obliged to ride everywhere, and Anthony is very 
 accommodating. I long to get home again, and shall enjoy our old 
 house more than ever, for this place is intolerably hot. Shunk 
 [afterwards Governor Shunk] goes by his father's house, so we shall 
 have no beaux. John Kittera cannot go home with us, but will be 
 up in a few weeks. Mrs. Hall is still here, but goes home with Mrs. 
 Humphrey and her daughter next week. Their new carriage is not 
 yet done, and she is almost homesick. Shunk has just come in, and 
 desires me to tell you he has tried to behave pretty, and is as polite 
 as possible." 
 
i8^o. 
 
 HILIP MILLER was appointed court crier. He held 
 this office thirty-three years, and was succeeded by Ben- 
 jamin Shell, in 1853. 
 
 1 6th March, the division line of Mifflin and Union 
 directed by act of Assembly^ to be run by a surveyor appointed by 
 the commissioners of each county ; otherwise the line run by Peter 
 Hackenberg made the line. — P. L. i2>2o, page 82. 
 
 28th March, James Dale, of Union, Jacob Cryder, of Centre, and 
 John Hanna, of Lycoming, appointed to run the division line be- 
 tween Union and Centre counties. 
 
 In 1819 or 1820, Doctor Grier says, the Associate Reformed 
 church, of Mifflinburg, was organized of Buffalo Cross-Roads mem- 
 bers, a dissatisfaction having arisen on account of giving up Rouse's 
 version, and adopting Watt's version, of the Psalms. James McClel- 
 lan, Esquire, and Samuel Templeton were of the elders. James 
 McClellan gave up his pew in Buffalo in April, 1820. So it was pro- 
 bably in this year. This church was served by the late Doctors 
 George Junkin and David Kirkpatrick. In October, 1827, on ap- 
 plication of Mr. Kirkpatrick and his congregation, they were received 
 into and taken under the care of the Northumberland Presbytery. 
 (This congregation is still served by Doctor Grier, although there is 
 another Presbyterian church organized at Mifflinburg.) 
 
 Political. 
 
 At the October election for Governor, General Joseph Hiester 
 received 1,621 votes, and William Findlay, 1,040 in Union county. 
 
1820.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 For Congress, Thomas Murray ran against William Cox Ellis. 
 4,341 tickets had the name of Thomas Murray on; 3,074 had 
 Thomas Murray, junior. Mr. Ellis' vote in the district was 6,526, 
 and he received the certificate, but not considering it fair, Mr. Ellis 
 resigned in June, 1821, and another election was held that fall. At 
 the November election James Monroe carried every State, John 
 Quincy Adams receiving only one electoral vote, (in New Hamp- 
 shire.) 
 
 Census 1820. 
 
 Penn's, . 
 Centre, . 
 Beaver, . 
 Perry, . 
 Washington, 
 Mifflinburg, 
 West Buffalo, 
 Hartleton, . 
 
 Value of leather 
 
 Hartley, 
 New Berlin, 
 Union, . 
 White Deer, 
 Lewisburg, 
 Buffalo, . 
 
 Total, 
 519,200; linseed oil. 
 
 i>239 
 
 515 
 
 1.369 
 
 1,677 
 
 579 
 2,376 
 
 18,619 
 
 2,099 
 2,094 
 2,036 
 
 i>33o 
 
 1,427 
 620 
 1,183 
 75 
 manufactures, ^19,200; nnseea oil, ^2,790; 
 pottery, $1,050; whisky; corn and rye, used for, 16,000 bushels, 
 value, twenty-five to thirty-one cents per gallon. Twenty-two still- 
 houses. Wheat manufactured into flour, 23,300 bushels. Fourteen 
 mills in operation. For cotton yarn, one hundred and twenty spin- 
 dles, one carding machine, one spinning machine. "The whole 
 establishment gone to ruin for want of a market. It formerly em- 
 ployed four men and rhree boys." 
 
 Notices of Revolutionary Soldiers Residing in the County in 1820. 
 
 Brown, Jonathan, had served three years as a private in Captain 
 Elijah Humphrey's company. Colonel William Douglas' regiment, 
 and was sixty-two years old. 
 
 Britton, Joseph, enlisted at John Stetler's tavern, in Limerick 
 township, Montgomery county, in the spring of 1776, in Captain 
 Caleb North's company, of Colonel Anthony Wayne's regiment. 
 Captain Frederick Evans testified in his behalf, that he had lived 
 forty-three years before with David Evans, whose land joined his 
 29 
 
450 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1S20. 
 
 father's, in Montgomery county; that he recollected of hearing 
 Britton had enlisted, and about a year afterwards he came back very 
 much emaciated ; that forty-four years had elapsed since he had 
 seen Britton, and he was so much altered he had no recollection of 
 his person ; but from conversation with him, he had no doubt he 
 was the same Joseph that had enlisted with Captain Caleb North's 
 company, and marched to Ticonderoga. Britton was, in 1820, 
 seventy-one years old, a farmer, and had a wife and two daughters. 
 
 Billman, Dewalt, aged sixty-seven, enlisted at Reading, in Captain 
 Jacob Bowers' company. 
 
 Burd, Daniel, seventy-five years old, enlisted at Amboy, Colonel 
 James Treddle's regiment ; served five years nine months, except 
 three months, when he was at home sick. He was wounded in the 
 left thigh at Battle Hill, with two musket balls. He had two sons 
 and four daughters, youngest named Anne. 
 
 Bower, George, of White Deer. Pressed in the fall of 1777 as 
 teamster; had charge of an ammunition wagon at Valley Forge. 
 Drafted in June, 1778; arrived on the field of Monmouth as the 
 battle was closing. He received a sword cut on the knee from a 
 British soldier who lay in ambush by the road. Recollected of see- 
 ing Lafayette at Monmouth. 
 
 Campbell, McDonald, served in Captain John Conway's com- 
 pany, Colonel William Wind's New Jersey regiment, thirteen 
 months. Re-enlisted in Colonel John Conway's regiment and 
 served nine months, and then was detailed by General Green as his 
 express rider, and remained such during the war. Was a fifer in 
 Captains Conway's and Furman's companies. He married a widow 
 Valentine, who had two children, Jesse, aged thirteen, Jane, aged 
 ten. His children by her were, Isaac Wilson Campbell, Sally Walls, 
 Almeda, Eleanor, and Elizabeth ; latter aged eight months. 
 
 Carney, Anthony, blacksmith, Hartley, enlisted in Orange county. 
 North Carolina, served three years. He was sixty-seven in 1820, 
 and had no family except his wife, Catherine. 
 
 Clemmens, Peter, private in Captain Stake's company, Colonel 
 Butler's regiment, and served two years. He left a daughter, Eliza- 
 beth. His wife, Elizabeth, died in 1820. 
 
 Campbell, John, (still living in West Buffalo, 1838, and then 
 eighty-three years old,) was drafted into the militia from Derry 
 
1820.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 451 
 
 township; Lancaster county, in 1776, served under Captain Robert 
 McKee, arrived at Trenton the day after the capture of the Hessians, 
 and went thence to Morristown. Took oath of allegiance before Jacob 
 Cooke, Esquire, 2d August^ 1777. In the latter part of 1777, he was 
 again drafted, and went to Trenton. Saw British horses and wagons 
 brought into camp and sold at auction. His third tour was at the 
 close of the war, in a company commanded by Lieutenant James 
 Laird. They lay at Chestnut Hill awhile. General Potter and 
 Major Stewart had a quarrel there about the treatment of the militia, 
 and were on the point of fighting it out with their swords. Camp- 
 bell moved to Buffalo Valley in 1777, lived on Captain Gray's farm 
 one year^ then moved to another farm of the captain's near James 
 Dale's. He lived there seven years, then moved near Buffalo mount- 
 ain, then into West Buffalo, where he died. 
 
 Cook, John, private in Captain Herbert's company, from Wom- 
 elsdorf, who was taken prisoner at the surrender of Fort Washington, 
 exchanged, and appointed ensign in the twelfth. Colonel Cooke's. 
 He was unmarried and childless in 1820, seventy-eight years old. 
 
 Coryell, George, was a native of Hunterdon county, New Jersey, 
 was born at Coryell's ferry, on the Delaware river, now Lambertville, 
 on the 28th of April, 1 761. He entered the army in Captain Craig's 
 company of dragoons, in 1776, just after the taking of the Hessians, 
 and before the cannonade at Trenton, on the 2d of January, 1777. 
 His company marched up the creek, and was in the battle at Prince- 
 ton. He was a year with Captain Craig. He was afterwards drafted 
 into a company of dragoons, under Lieutenant Reading, in which he 
 served one year. He was afterwards drafted into the company of 
 Captain Palmer, in which he continued until the fall of 1 780, He 
 was only sixteen years of age when he enlisted, and while in Captain 
 Craig's company, he was sent, as an express, to Boston, leaving or- 
 ders at Danbury and other places on the route. He said there were 
 gray-headed men and minors in Craig's company. At one time 
 General Washington had his headquarters at his father's house, at 
 the ferry, while the army encamped partly in his orchard. The 
 British and Hessians got possession of his father's premises at one 
 time, and cut the bedding, threw the feathers into the street, and 
 burned all the fences on the farm, which lay in common a long tim.e. 
 George Coryell was married, in 1790, to a sister of Richard Van 
 
452 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1820. 
 
 Buskirk, of Mifflinburg, and moved, in 1793, ^^ ^"^^ premises of 
 Samuel Maclay, in Buffalo township. He was a carpenter by trade, 
 and built many houses in Buffalo Valley, among others, the old 
 "Black Horse tavern," at Lewisburg ; of barns, he built the one 
 oft Maclay's place, now owned by Joseph Green. In 1 799 he was 
 captain of the Buffalo Valley Republican troop, and always rode on 
 parade days a sorrel horse that had been wounded at St. Clair's de- 
 feat. John Webb, a hatter, father of Colonel Webb, who, some 
 years ago, kept hotel in Philadelphia, was first lieutenant of the com- 
 pany. Webb lived in Mifflinburg, and moved to Ohio many years 
 ago. Coryell was adjutant of Colonel George Weirick's regiment, at 
 Marcus Hook, in 1814. He removed to Lycoming county once ; 
 then back to Buffalo valley ; then to White Deer valley ; thence to 
 Butler county, near Hamilton, where he died, 1837-38. His wife 
 soop followed him to the grave. He had four sons, Tunison, John, 
 Joseph R., and Abraham, of whom Ttmison, the eldest, and Abra- 
 ham, the youngest, alone survive. There were several daughters, 
 most of whom ended their days in Ohio and Indiana. Tunison re- 
 sides in Williamsport, and occupies the house in which he was mar- 
 ried, in 1 81 5, and where his golden wedding was celebrated. 
 
 Derr, Christian, West Buffalo, aged, in 1820, seventy-two. En- 
 listed at Reading, in Captain Nagle's company, Colonel Thompson's 
 regiment, and served one year ; re-enlisted in November, 1776, in 
 Captain Moore's company, Colonel Humpton's regiment, and served 
 in the battle of King's Bridge, nth January, 1777, Brandywine, and 
 Germantown. In the last action he was wounded, had several ribs 
 broken, and was, therefore, discharged. He was a carpenter, and had 
 ■eleven children. He had three balls in his body, which he carried 
 to his grave. His children were Ellis Derr, MifiHinburg ; Samuel, 
 Uniontown; Henry, Schellsburg, Bedford county ; Susan, married to 
 
 Jesse Egbert, afterwards David Kline, of Hartley; Polly, to 
 
 Jones, of Sugar valley ; Elizabeth, to William Kepner, moved to 
 Venango ; John, Oley township, Berks ; Catherine, to Henry Bar- 
 rich ; Christian, junior, who died in Spring township. Centre county, 
 in 18152. His children live in and about Bellefonte : Daniel, Rachel, 
 married to William Young ; William, in Benezet ; Christian and 
 Solomon, in Bellefonte. 
 
 Ewig, Christian, aged sixty, enlisted at Sunbury, in Captain Weit- 
 
1820.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 453 
 
 zel's company, Colonel Miles' regiment, in April, 1776, served one 
 year, nine months, then re-enlisted at Sunbury, in Captain James 
 Wilson's First Pennsylvania, Colonel James Chambers, in which he 
 served until the close of the war. A wheelwright by trade. 
 
 Kerstetter, George, blacksmith, Washington township, aged sixty- 
 four. Served four years in Captain Burkhart's company, Colonel 
 Hunsecker's regiment. Children: Jacob and Dorothy. Wife's 
 name was Elizabeth. 
 
 Linn, John, aged sixty-five, enlisted in the winter of 1 778, at Lan- 
 caster, in third troop, Captain Erasmus Gill, fourth regiment Penn- 
 sylvania cavalry. Colonel Stephen Moylan. Discharged in Octo- 
 ber, 1783. Had five children ; Robert Bruce, born May 21, 1806 : 
 Altha, January 15, 1808; James Smith, October 20, 1811 ; Eliza, 
 June 4, 1814; Mary Jane, November 23, i8t6. Weaver by trade. 
 
 Lennox, George, private. Captain Bankson's company. Colonel 
 Stewart's regiment. 
 
 Reger, Elias, enlisted in May, 1775, Captain George Nagle's 
 company. Colonel Thompson, first rifle regiment. In the siege of 
 Boston. Discharged at Long Island, in June, 1776. Cooper by 
 trade. Seventy-seven years old. 
 
 Rorabaugh, Philip, Buffalo township, served three months in Penn- 
 sylvania line. Captain Slaymaker's company, Colonel Bull's regi- 
 ment, while the army lay at Valley Forge. Served also in the cam- 
 paign of 1794, known as the whisky insurrection, and three months 
 in Captain John Bergstrcsser's company, at Marcus Hook, in 1814. 
 This hero of three wars died February 3, 1837, aged eighty-six, and 
 is buried in Lewisburg German grave-yard. 
 
 Swesey, Daniel, died in White Deer, 31st January, 1836, leaving 
 a widow, Mary. 
 
 Strickland, Timothy, carpenter, Lewisburg^ enlisted in 1776, in 
 Berkshire county, Massachusetts, Captain Bacon's company. Colo- 
 nel Porter's regiment, and served therein one year. Re-enlisted in 
 September, 1777, in Captain Mill's company. New York State line, 
 and was honorably discharged after three years' service. Aged in 
 May, 1824, seventy- three, but very much crippled. He had four 
 sons, (Samuel was a soldier of 181 4.) His grandchildren reside 
 still in Lewisburg ; Cyrus, a grandson, in Bellefonte. 
 
 Smith, Adam, was a teamster during the Revolution. He settled 
 
4^4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1820. 
 
 upon the place now owned by Jacob Kunkle, above Henry Mertz's. 
 He died there and was buried at the Dreisbach grav^e-yard. His 
 sons were : Adam, George, Michael, and John, and a daughter, 
 married to Michael Maize, another to Steffy Touchman. Adam, 
 junior, moved to Beaver township, Snyder county. His descend- 
 ants are about Beaver town yet. George died in Union county, 
 John at Beaver town, and Michael in Union county, in 1841. He 
 had a blacksmith shop above Henry Mertz's, and that is the point so 
 often spoken of in old road views. Michael's children were Michael, 
 who moved to Michigan; Daniel, who moved to Ohio; Benjamin, to 
 Illinois; David, now, 1869, living near the old place. His daughters 
 married, one to Jonas Nyhart, one to John Wolfe, one to David 
 Oldt, near New Berlin. Michael had three wives : first was a Bower, 
 of Dry valley ; second, Susanna Bartges, of Mifflinburg ; third, 
 Sophia Bickle, whose father, Henry Bickle, was killed by the Indians. 
 Michael had also a son Jonathan, father of A. W. Smith, Esquire, 
 late jury commissioner, who died in Hartley township, in 1870. 
 
 Yiesely, Michael, aged sixty-seven, enlisted in August, 1776, in 
 Captain B. Weiser's company, in Colonel Haussegger's regiment. 
 Served during the war, and was discharged in 1783. He had a wife 
 and five children, Henry, Catherine, George, Elizabeth, and Maria. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 June 17, Paschal Lewis, aged sixty. His family: Elizabeth, 
 widow, who died August 26, 1828, aged seventy-one. Margaret, 
 .married to Thomas Clingan ; Mary, married to Samuel Wright, 
 (she is still living in Stephenson county, Illinois ;) Sarah, married 
 to James Merrill, Esquire; Elizabeth L., wife of Robert Candor, 
 Esquire; Amelia B., married to Samuel Heise, of Columbia. 
 
^n^AS^Mi5^^^^HoL^lKi(i«^^^!^^^^fii^^^^^ 
 
 
 Si^^S^S|!BiiiiHMgi^ '- W^X!mM 
 
 18^1. 
 
 Governor Hiester's Appointments — General Items. 
 
 PPOINTMENTS — Secretary of the Commonwealth. 
 Andrew Gregg. Auditor General, James Duncan, of 
 Carlisle. Samuel Cochran, Chester county, Surveyor 
 General. (He held office nine years, under Governor 
 Snyder.) James Brady, of Westmoreland, Secretary of the Land 
 Office. 
 
 Prices current at Philadelphia, in April : wheat, seventy cents, 
 rye thirty-seven, corn thirty-two, butter ten cents per pound, bacon 
 seven per pound, whiskey twenty cents per gallon. In July wheat 
 advanced to eighty cents ; in October to ninety, and in November 
 to $1 50. The other grains proportionably. February 19, '^a comet 
 made its appearance in the western horizon. It was seen last even- 
 ing between seven and eight o'clock, considerably elevated, and 
 could be found by drawing a line due north from the planet Saturn. 
 It was but a few degrees from it." On June 8th the locusts made 
 their appearance in great numbers in Buffalo Valley. 
 
 The Union county Democratic nominations were Ner Middles- 
 warth and James Dale, for Assembly; commissioner, Joseph Fuehrer ; 
 auditor, John Maclay ; all opposed to Hiester. The Federal party 
 had really gone under, and politics was now confined to tactions in 
 the Democratic ranks. Binns and Buchanan appear among the Hies- 
 ter men, who are called bank men, and aristocrats, and ''Feds." 
 The Findlay papers style themselves indifferently Democrats, Demo- 
 cratic-Republicans, and Republicans. 
 
 ■fss 
 
456 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1822. 
 
 In Union county, Thomas Murray, (Findlay^) for Congress, had 
 ten hundred and forty-five ; WiUiam Cox Ellis, opposition, eight 
 hundred and thirty-six ; and Murray was elected in the district by a 
 small majority. The fall election resulted in the choice of a 1 legis- 
 lature in opposition to Governor Hiester, which .elected William 
 Findlay United States Senator. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Among deaths this year were, June 27, Captain William F. Buyers, 
 former editor of the Times, Sunbury, aged forty ; and December 7, 
 John Baker, of Buffalo, aged sixty-five. 
 
 183^ 
 
 Certain Laws — Newspapers Noticed — Death of William Clingan, 
 Esquire, Honorable Andrew Albright, and Henry Pontius. 
 
 |HE act of February 18, Pamphlet Laws, 29, required all 
 the original lists of assessments for land situate in Union 
 county, to be transmitted to the commissioners of Union 
 county, and were made evidence in suits. 
 March 21, Lewisburg incorporated as a borough. — {Pamphlet Laivs , 
 68.) The election place was fixed at Randall Wilcox's, who kept 
 the Black Horse, and John Nesbit and Alexander Graham were ap- 
 pointed to superintend the first election. 
 
 March 25, Northumberland and Union placed in the ninth sena- 
 torial district, and entitled to two members. 
 
 April 2, Union, Northumberland, Columbia, Luzerne, Susque- 
 hanna, Bradford, Lycoming, Tioga, Potter, and McKean placed in 
 one congressional district, and entitled to three members, and on 
 
1822,] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 457 
 
 the same day the borough of Lewisburg was erected into a separate 
 election district. 
 
 In January, the prices current in Philadelphia for wheat was ^1.12 ; 
 rye, 60 cents; corn, 62 : oats, 30. In April wheat rose to ^r.20, 
 and in May it stood at I1.48. 
 
 Nathaniel Henrie bought out the New Berlin Gazette, of Frederick 
 Wise, and started the Union Times. May 31, Simon Cameron 
 became the junior editor of the Intelligencer at Harrisburg. Hugh 
 Maxwell was editing the opposition paper at Lancaster. 
 
 In December, a special election, occasioned by the death of An- 
 drew Albright, resulted in the election of Lewis Dewart, Federal, as 
 he was called, over Ner Middleswarth and E. G. Bradford, Demo- 
 crats, to the State Senate. The vote was light, and stood in the 
 district: Dewart, 1192; Middleswarth, 1059; Bradford, 606. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 At Selinsgrove, March 28, George A. Snyder, Esquire, to Miss 
 Ann Ellen, daughter of the late Stephen Duacan. June 1 1, at Lew- 
 isburg, by John Nesbit, Esquire, Lewis Moore to Dorothy Smith. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 January 23, Catherine, widow of Elias Youngman. She was born 
 in 1 745, and was a daughter of George Nagel, sheriff of Berks county 
 in 1772. May 24, WilHam Clingan, Esquire, of White Deer, aged 
 sixty-six. He left a widow, Jane. Children : Margaret, wife of 
 Thomas Scott ; Ann, wife of Joseph Lawson ; Thomas; Elizabeth, 
 married to Thomas Barber; George, and Flavel. His wife was a 
 daughter of Reverend John Roan. They were married June 11, 
 1778, and resided on a farm, which is now within the borough 
 of Mount Joy, Lancaster county, until their removal to Buffalo Val- 
 ley, in 1800. William Clingan, member of Congress from Chester 
 county, during the Revolution, was his uncle. August 9, Mary, 
 wife of Peter Himmelreich, and daughter of Captain Peter Withing- 
 ton, deceased. Born July 18, 1765. Buried in the Dreisbach 
 church-yard. 
 
 Tuesday, November 26, Honorable Andrew Albright died at Sun- 
 
45S ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [182! 
 
 bury, after an illness of three months, in his fifty-third year. He 
 was born at Litiz, February 28, 1770. His father's name was An- 
 drew ; his mother, Elizabeth Orth, of Lebanon. His first wife was 
 a daughter of Melchoir Rahm, a very prominent man in Dauphin 
 county. Mr. Albright came to Lewisburg in 1798 and opened a 
 tavern where Halfpenny's factory now stands, where he resided until 
 he was elected sheriff, when he removed to Sunbury. He was mem- 
 ber of Assembly in 1808. His wife died March 9, 1810, and he 
 subsequently married the mother of Mrs. John G. Youngman, of 
 Sunbury. He was appointed associate judge in 181 3, in place of 
 General Wilson, deceased, and had just been elected to the State 
 Senate when he died. He was noted for his integrity, and was very 
 popular throughout our Valley. He owned Colonel Slifer's upper 
 farm on Buffalo creek when he died. He left no children, but 
 brothers, Henry, Jacob, Godfrey, and a sister, Susanna, married to 
 Philip Backman. An obituary in the Sunbury Enquirer of that 
 date concludes: " Society has been deprived of a valuable mem- 
 ber, and a wife of an amiable husband. In private life he sustained 
 the character of an honest man and christian, and was universally 
 beloved. He has held various public and responsible offices, with 
 honor to himself and advantage to his fellow-citizens." 
 
 December 13, Henry Pontius. He was born on the 25th of Feb- 
 ruary, 1744, came into the Valley as a pioneer at the close of the 
 French war, and permanently in 1770. He was a son of John, and 
 his brothers were Andrew, Peter, Nicholas, John, junior, George, 
 and Frederick. Henry Pontius left a large family : Andrew, born 
 June 17, 1770 ; Frederick, June, 1772 ; Henry, December 22, 1773 ; 
 Nicholas, 19th April, 1775; Catherine, (King,) 19th May, 1777; 
 John, October 8, 1778; George, 13th December, 1780; Peter, 20th 
 March, 1783 ; Christena, 12th June, 1785 ; Barbara, June 13, 1787 ; 
 Philip, August 15, 1789. The latter died upon the old place on 
 Cedar run, a mile east of Mififiinburg, in 1872. He was a fine old 
 gentleman, and his excellent memory preserved many incidents 
 related in these i^nnals. His remains now moulder with their ances- 
 tral dust, in the old burying-ground upon the place. 
 
1823. 
 
 General Items — Election Returns — Chrtstian Chapel at Lewisburg — 
 Kelly Township. 
 
 ARKET quotations in Philadelphia: Wheat, $1 35 ; rye, 
 75 cents; butter, 18 cents; whisky, 28 cents. David 
 Ramsay carried on a fulling and carding-mill in White 
 Deer ; Daniel Moyer at Weiser's old mill in East Buffalo. 
 Thomas R. Lewis kept hotel at the sign of " The Lewisburg Stage," 
 on Market, above A. Graham's store. 
 
 14th March, first election held under the borough charter of 
 Lewisburg : John Nesbit, burgess ; James Geddes, Alexander Gra- 
 ham, George Knox, Henry Beck, and William Hayes, council. 3d 
 May, meeting of the stockholders of the Lewisburg bridge ; George 
 Kremer elected president, and the first dividend of $1 50 per share 
 of I50 was declared. 15th May, the Lewistown convention held;' 
 Dan Caldwell and John Stees delegates from Union ; Andrew 
 Gregg nominated for Governor. 9th August, a Republican meet- 
 ing held at New Berlin ; Frederick Evans, president ; Andrew Mc- 
 Clenachan and George A. Snyder, secretaries ; in favor of J. A. 
 Shulze for Governor. October 4, Simon Snyder, junior, and James 
 Dale, candidates on the Shulze ticket for Assembly ; William Hayes 
 and Francis A. Boyer on the Gregg ticket ; Uriah Silsby for com- 
 missioner on the Shulze ticket, against John Rank. October 5, 
 Andrew Reedy, in pursuance of a banter from Major John C. Coverly, 
 attended at his house and counted down ^r,ooo, which he offered 
 to bet on Shulze's election, and could get no takers. 
 
 4S9 
 
460 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1823. 
 
 ELECTION BETURNS— October, 1823. 
 
 
 GOVERNOR. 
 
 ASSEMBLY. 
 
 comm'es. 
 
 DISTRICTS. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 bJD 
 
 0) 
 
 .^ 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Si 
 
 . 
 
 >j 
 
 
 
 C 
 
 03 
 
 ^ 
 
 ® 
 
 
 c 
 
 OS 
 
 
 u 
 
 jZ 
 
 
 
 
 cS 
 
 
 c8 
 
 
 
 
 
 02 
 
 w 
 
 w 
 
 ft 
 
 w 
 
 tf 
 
 . cc 
 
 Centre, .... 
 
 106 
 
 100 
 
 112 
 
 111 
 
 98 
 
 94 
 
 108 
 
 100 
 
 Weirick's, 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 74 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 72 
 
 70 
 
 26 
 
 74 
 
 Chapman, 
 
 
 
 61 
 
 73 
 
 70 
 
 70 
 
 62 
 
 62 
 
 43 
 
 69 
 
 Perry, . . . 
 
 
 
 29 
 
 94 
 
 30 
 
 23 
 
 97 
 
 95 
 
 27 
 
 97 
 
 Beaver, . . 
 
 
 
 102 
 
 183 
 
 98 
 
 98 
 
 186 
 
 185 
 
 97 
 
 188 
 
 Washington, 
 
 
 
 82 
 
 79 
 
 10. 
 
 83 
 
 73 
 
 65 
 
 84 
 
 76 
 
 Penn's, . . . 
 
 
 
 132 
 
 183 
 
 135 
 
 145 
 
 175 
 
 165 
 
 134 
 
 179 
 
 Lewisburg, . 
 
 
 
 51 
 
 62 
 
 51 
 
 64 
 
 59 
 
 52 
 
 37 
 
 76 
 
 Hartley, . . 
 
 
 
 90 
 
 153 
 
 88 
 
 96 
 
 152 
 
 149 
 
 89 
 
 148 
 
 Wliite Deer, . 
 
 
 
 77 
 
 210 
 
 66 
 
 83 
 
 223 
 
 211 
 
 41 
 
 250 
 
 East Buffalo, 
 
 
 
 62 
 
 209 
 
 60 
 
 71 
 
 209 
 
 102 
 
 55 
 
 215 
 
 West Buffalo, 
 
 
 
 144 
 
 164 
 
 141 
 
 45 
 
 168 
 
 151 
 
 136 
 
 171 
 
 Union, . . , 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 181 
 
 137 
 
 139 
 
 178 
 
 171 
 
 126 
 
 178 
 
 
 
 
 1103 
 
 1765 
 
 1117 
 
 1058 
 
 1752 
 
 1572 
 
 1003 
 
 1821 
 
 November 15, the stockholders in the German school-house in 
 Lewisburg met, and elected Henry Hursh, Charles Beyers, and John 
 Martin, trustees, and decided by vote that the trustees should select 
 the school-master, instead of the stockholders. This school-house 
 was situated on the lot now occupied by the Lutheran parsonage, 
 and was erected before 181 2, and kept in repair by subscription. 
 
 14th September, Sabbath, the Christian chapel in Lewisburg was 
 opened for worship. Reverend James Kay delivered a sermon on 
 the occasion. It will be gratifying to the friends of religious liberty 
 and free inquiry to learn that this church has been built upon the 
 most liberal principles, and is intended to accommodate all those 
 
 , who acknowledge the divine mission of our Lord Jesus Christ M//- 
 
 tofiian. Elijah Bacon commenced a series of meetings in 1822, 
 which resulted in the formation of this congregation. There were 
 to be no pews in the church, but Elder Badger, who succeeded him 
 before the church was completed, had them put in. George Rich- 
 mond became the preacher in 1825. Bacon's points were mainly 
 against the discipline of the orthodox, and the church was open to 
 all persons for free discussion of religious tenets. 
 
1823.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 461 
 
 The Times of Saturday, November i, says : "On Friday morn- 
 ing last, as Mr. Jacob Yutten, son-in-law of Mr. Royer, of East Buf- 
 falo township, in this county, was engaged, with several others, in 
 tearing down a log house, to move it a short distance, he fell, and, 
 distressing to relate, hit his head again a joist, and mangled it in such 
 a manner that he expired immediately after." 
 
 Friday, December 4, the first snow of the season fell. 
 
 Kelly Township fwsl called Pike. 
 
 At December sessions, 1823, Adam Wilt, Christian Miller, and 
 George Aurand reported a new township, to be erected from White 
 Deer, and called Pike. This report was set aside, at the instance of 
 Dan Caldwell, so Flavel Clingan informed me, and new viewers ap- 
 pointed, of whom Frederick Evans was one, who finally reported a 
 township, to be called Kelly, after Colonel Kelly. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 1 8th March, John P. Gutelius, of Mifflinburg, to Miss Maria Au- 
 rand, of Lebanon. loth yVpril, Conrad Grove, merchant, of New 
 Berlin, to Miss Mary Gingerich, of Juniata county. 31st July, by 
 Reverend Samuel Gutelius, Michael Hoffman to Lydia Wagner, both 
 of White Deer. September 25, by Reverend John Thomas, Jacob 
 Wagoner to Rachel, daughter of Thomas McGuire, of White Deer. 
 
i8^4- 
 
 Kklly-Township ERKCTiiD— Statk Eoad from Bk[.i,kfonte to the Mouth 
 OF White Deer Creek — Political — The Clown and Rope Dancer at 
 New Berlin — Snyder's Heirs vs. Simon Snyder — Show of Wax Fig- 
 ures — Trial of Samuel Johnston. 
 
 REDERICK E VANS to George Kr enter, at Washing- 
 ton, D. C. — "3d January. Duncan's wife, of Penn's 
 valley, died lately, and Thomas R. Lewis died about the 
 same time. Sick since November 8. Solomon Betz and 
 Wormly's trial came on last court. Verdict for Wormly, ^195. Betz 
 cut scollops until he had the judges and jurors angry. [This is an allu- 
 sion to the celebrated trial between Betz and Wormly, about a piece 
 of stove-pipe, that lasted many years, and broke up Wormly.] 8th 
 February. Yesterday I was over at court, and find we shall send dele- 
 gates to Harrisburg, with instructions to vote for General Jackson. 
 If we cannot succeed, then to use a sound discretion. My opinion 
 would be, to say, if we cannot get Jackson nominated, our delegates 
 should withdraw. [He, with others, was getting the grist ready for 
 the county convention.] But 1 do not believe such a motion would 
 carry, if made. I spoke with Middleswarth. He says he is for Jack- 
 son, but will support the congressional caucus man. I think if a 
 caucus cannot be prevented, the friends of Jackson should attend, 
 but not pledge themselves to a foul nomination. I saw Dan Cald- 
 well. He says McClenachan is opposed to Jackson, and one Reed, 
 and they are all the opponents he has in the township^ [White Deer,] 
 if Caldwell tells the truth." 
 
 Kelly township was erected during this year. After careful search, I 
 
 462 
 
1824] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 463 
 
 could not find the record. The first constable, however, was Albright 
 Bower, who attended at May sessions, 1825. 
 
 On the 29th of March, an act was passed to lay out the State road 
 from Bellefonte, by way of Sugar valley, to the river, at the mouth 
 of White Deer creek. 
 
 Political. 
 
 September 17, the Democratic-Republican convention met at New 
 Berlin, John Snyder, president ; William Linn, secretary. Kremer, 
 Montgomery, and McKean nominated for Congress ; Aaron Cham- 
 berlin and F. P. Deering for Assembly. 
 
 5th October, Independent-Republican meeting, Joseph Musser; 
 chairman ; Mathew Brewer, secretary. Peter Hackenburg and James 
 McClellan nominated for Assembly ; George Weirick for commis- 
 sioner. At the conferee meeting, on the 21st of September, Mc- 
 Kean, Kremer, and Espy Van Home were nominated. 
 
 In November, Union county gave seven hundred majority for An- 
 drew Jackson, twenty-six votes for Crawford, two for Clay. 
 
 Social. 
 
 The following are the names of a dancing party at Mrs. Gross 
 man's tavern, in New Berlin, on the evening of February 12 : John 
 Lashells, Esquire, and wife, James Merrill, Robert Forster, John 
 Mumma, Nathaniel Henrie, Henry M. W. Kirke, Elias P. Young- 
 man, Robert P. Maclay, Confad Grove, John Maize, George Shock, 
 John Seebold, John Lotz, James F. Linn, Mrs. Henrie, Elizabeth 
 Jones, Sarah Messimer, Catherine Jones, Mrs. Grove, Ehzabeth 
 Brooke, Margaret Kessler, Mary L. Duncan, Sarah Weikert, Mar- 
 garet C. Lashells, Eleanor C. Lashells, Elizabeth S. Stillwell, Eliza- 
 beth Winters, Sarah A. Ingram. John Mumma and James F. Linn 
 were managers. 
 
 It was a Buffalo Valley custom, on wedding occasions, to welcome 
 the bride with a party composed of elderly folks. Here is a list, 
 Wednesday night, October 20 : Colonel John Kelly, Elizabeth 
 Kelly, Doctor Robert Vanvalzah, Elizabeth Vanvalzah, William 
 Poak, Esquire, and wife, James Dale, Esquire, Mrs. Eliza Dale, 
 
464 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1824. 
 
 Colonel Aaron Chamberlin and wife, Andrew McBeth and wife, 
 John Campbell, Maria Campbell, Thomas Sawyer, Elizabeth Saw- 
 yer, William Linn and wife, Charles Maclay, Elizabeth Vanvalzah. 
 The next evening, October 21st, at the same place, the festivities 
 were taken up by the young people, of whom were : William Kelly, 
 Andrew Kelly, Joseph Kelly, Robert P. Maclay, Samuel Gamble, 
 James Mathers, F. F. Linn, James Sawyer, Joseph Candor, John 
 Young, John Vanvalzah, Robert Forster, John Chamberlin, Mrs. S. 
 Kelly, Miss Sarah Dorrough, Sarah McClellan, Margaret and Cath- 
 erine McClellan, Sarah Forster, Hetty Forster, Catherine Hood, 
 Mary Hood, Frances Chamberlin, Elizabeth Vanvalzah, Margaret 
 Vanvalzah, Harriet Candor, Matilda Sawyer, Eleanor Young, Jane 
 Davidson. 
 
 /4 Rope Dancer at New Berlin. 
 
 ' ' This summer a rope-dancer and his clown visited New Berlin, and 
 put up at Seebold's, where he proposed to display his agility for the 
 amusement of the people and the replenishment of his pockets. 
 Before he mounted the slack rope, however, he must needs make an 
 equestrian display, in order to attract the attention of the public. 
 He applied to me for my horse, but I declined giving it. Nat Hen- 
 rie, a waggish printer, happened to be present, volunteered to lend 
 him his, a handsome, young gray mare. The offer was accepted, 
 and Nat went away to bridle her. He soon came back to my ofhce, 
 and notified me that there would be some fun presently. He said 
 he had put on the mare a broken bit, which he had mended with 
 twine. He said the mare was as wild as the devil, and if the clown 
 attempts to hold her in with that bridle, there will be a ride worth 
 seeing. Nat then walked over to Seebold's, and engaged the clown 
 in conversation, while the showman, dressed in red jacket, white 
 pants, white kid boots, and with his hair put up like a lady's, with 
 side combs and in puffs, mounted and set out. When Nat judged 
 that the showman had made sufficient headway, he let loose his hold 
 of the clown's stirrup. The clown followed his master at a full 
 gallop, with a whoop and halloo ; the mare quickened her speed at 
 the sound. The showman drew bridle with all his strength, the bit 
 gave way, the rider fell on his back, with his heels in the air, and 
 then, rolling off, alighted on hands and knees upon the ground. 
 
1824.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 465 
 
 Nat ran to his stable, whither the affrighted mare had fled, "put on 
 another bridle, and, returning, condoled with the showman on his 
 misfortune, and offered him the chance of another ride. This he 
 declined. The show was not good that night, on account of the 
 want of agility of the rope-dancer." 
 
 4th December, the first snow of the winter fell. 24th and 25th 
 December, show of wax figures at Christopher Seebold's, in New 
 Berlin : Macbeth Consulting the Witch ; General Butler and the 
 Indian • Two Chinese Dwarfs ; An American Dwarf; -Harriet Newell 
 presenting Tracts to Heathen Children; Seven Boys Chiming Bells; 
 hand organ. Admittance, twelve and a half cents. 
 
 If a man had a lion or leopard, a porcupine or the skin of a huge 
 snake, he wandered about the country, collecting the odd change of 
 idlers, children, and curiosity hunters. These were usually exhibited 
 in a stable or out-house. Theaters and rope dancing in the ball- 
 rooms of the tavern, rooms communicating with folding-doors, of 
 which the hotels of the olden times were never without. There was 
 exhibited a cat's skin, which excited considerable attention, and was, 
 indeed, a great curiosity. The skin was white, except a black spot 
 in the middle of the back, resembling the bust of a man in profile. 
 So perfect was the resemblance, that it required close examination 
 to satisfy the beholder that the picture was not a work of art. The 
 owner, on one occasion, refused three thousand dollars for it. I 
 cannot tell what has become of it, but believe the owner took it to 
 Europe, and disposed of it. This fact should induce us to be less 
 skeptical as to some of the stories of the ancient historians about the 
 liisus naturcz, which so often alarmed the superstitious Greeks and 
 Romans. The outline of the head was as perfect and complete in 
 all its parts as if it had come from the hands of the most skillful pro- 
 file cutter. — G. A. S. 
 
 John Snyder's Heirs vs. Simon Snyder. 
 
 This hardly-contested case deserves especial mention from the 
 great interest it excited in the minds of our people at that time. It 
 was originally brought at Sunbury, and the claim was for ninety- 
 ■ three acres of land on the Isle of Que. George A. Snyder's narra- 
 tive of it is as follows : 
 30 
 
4b6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1824. 
 
 John Snyder, brother of my father, purchased the property of 
 Peter Weiser, in 1785. John died from a fall from his horse, and 
 his widow removed to Lancaster, with her children. She afterwards 
 married Jacob Kendig, who lived a mile from Selinsgrove, up the 
 road to Sunbury. 
 
 Simon Snyder, John Miller, and Martin Kendig were appointed 
 administrators of John Snyder. The estate was incumbered largely, 
 and an order of sale was obtained. The property was offered for 
 sale at Selinsgrove, and adjourned, for want of bidders, to Sunbury, 
 and, on the 12th of November, 1790, was struck off to Anthony 
 Selin, who married my father's sister. My father advised Selin 
 not to buy, thinking he would have trouble in paying for it. Just 
 as it was about being struck down, Jacob Kendig put in a bid, for 
 what reason he never explained, but as he and the whole party were 
 somewhat fuddled, he probably bid to vex Selin. The purchaser, 
 after some swearing at Kendig, treated all hands, and they got into 
 the ferry scow with unsteady steps and heated brains. On the water 
 Selin took occasion to call Kendig a damned rascal, and then to 
 lick him for not acknowledging the truth of the charge. 
 
 Selin entered into possession, and commenced farming the land. 
 He was then in partnership with my father in a mill, erected on a 
 tract of forty-two acres, part of the tract originally owned by John 
 Snyder, and which they had purchased of John, in 1787. Selin 
 died in 1792, leaving two children, Anthony and Agnes. The latter 
 married James K. Davis, about the year 1808. My father was nom- 
 inated for Governor, and, among other slanderous reports started 
 against him, was one that he had been in league with Selin, and 
 cheated his brother's orphan children out of the land. Daniel Smith, 
 a lawyer and active politician, is supposed to have been the origina- 
 tor of the story. At all events, he was active in spreading it, and 
 persuaded the guardians of John Snyder's children to bring an eject- 
 ment for the land. 
 
 The plaintiff on the trial, before Judge Chapman, claimed on 
 three grounds : i. That the orphans' court proceedings were irregu- 
 lar. 2. That Selin's violent conduct at the sale prevented others. 
 from bidding. 3. That Simon Snyder was in partnership with Selin 
 in the purchase, had come into possession after Selin's death, and 
 had spoken of the property as his own. The first ground, being 
 
1824.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 467 
 
 matter of record, was decided by the court to be insufficent. The 
 second and third grounds, if proved to the satisfaction of the jury, 
 were sufficent to justify a verdict for the plaintiff. The jury, however, 
 without much hesitation, gave a verdict for the defendant. The judg- 
 ment was reversed on some exceptions to the admission of testimony 
 being such as lawyers are wont to make in order to have the chance 
 of another trial. 
 
 Soon after the decision, Anthony Snyder (John's son) removed 
 to the Genessee country, (New York.) He became a pettifogger, 
 and met with great success in his vocation. Union county was 
 erected in 181 3, and the cause removed thither. Anthony Snyder 
 and Daniel Rhoads came to Pennsylvania, as the representatives of 
 the plaintiffs, to attend to the trial. There being much delay in 
 coming to trial, on account of the difficulty of collecting the wit- 
 nesses, who were numerous and much scattered, and on account 
 of the indolence and dilatory temper of Judge Chapman, Anthony 
 and Daniel traversed the county, visiting the taverns and all kinds of 
 gatherings, and holding forth in piteous style on the subject of the 
 frauds, whereby the defendant had cheated his orphan nephews and 
 neices out of their inheritance. A general prejudice was thus ex- 
 cited, and an impartial trial became impossible. Had the judge 
 been a man of courage and firmness, in whose legal qualifications 
 the bar and the public had confidence, he might have secured a 
 righteous verdict. But the clamor terrified him. He continued 
 the cause from term to term, and from year to year, on almost any 
 pretext ; his fears and indolence making him unwilling to face the 
 long and wearisome case. 
 
 The second trial came off, I think, in 1 8 1 6 . The judge saw clearly 
 where justice was, but, weak and timid, he shuffled in his decisions 
 and in his charge, and there was a verdict for the plaintiffs. The 
 partnership they endeavored to prove by general repute. Their only 
 witnesses were illiterate, and sometimes dishonest, laborers, who had, 
 more than twenty years before, worked for Selin and my father ; 
 while Kremer, Evans, Simon Snyder, junior, well acquainted with 
 the parties, testified to the real extent of the partnership. 
 
 The amount of perjury on the plaintiff's side was surprisingly great. 
 The main witness to the allegation that Selin's threats had frightened 
 off bidders was a man named Bower, from Dauphin county, who 
 
468 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1824. 
 
 swore that but for Selin's threats he would have given ^400 or ;!{^5oo 
 more. The defendant proved that Bower said on his way home that 
 the land went too high, and no sane man would give so much for it. 
 
 The oldest land-holders of the vicinity, Boyd, DeGruchy, Leisen- 
 ring, Taggert, Dentler, and others, unanimously testified the land 
 sold above its value, it being island land. 
 
 The defendant's counsel, apprehending the result from the violence 
 of the prejudice, presented numerous points, and upon a writ of er- 
 ror, the judgment was reversed. Soon after this my father died, and 
 Anthony Selin, the younger, and James K. Davis, were substituted 
 as defendants. An attempt was made to put the costs, thus far ac- 
 crued, upon Simon Snyder's estate ; but the court decided that Selin's 
 heirs had all the time been the real defendants, and that Simon Sny- 
 der had only been nominally defendant. 
 
 The cause was tried again in 1823 ; Lashells and Hepburn for 
 plaintifis \ Bellas and Greenough for defendants. The clamors of the 
 plaintiffs and the weakness of the judge made it more than ever a 
 hopeless task for the defendants. A verdict was again had against 
 them, followed by a reversal by the Supreme Court. Another ver- 
 dict must have been, under our judicial system, final, provided it 
 should be for the plaintiffs, and this was almost certain to be the case. 
 The defendants resolved to refer the case to arbitrators. I was pro- 
 thonotary, and, on account of my consanguinity to defendants, liable 
 to be objected to. Mr. Maclay, the register, acted in ray place. He 
 was an upright man, and performed his duty faithfully. The number 
 of referees was five. Joseph Rathfon was the only one that was not 
 objected to of the five nominated by each party. Mr. Maclay made 
 then a list of twenty names, and each party struck eight names. 
 The board thus formed, Dan Caldwell, Michael Rathfon, Valentine 
 Haas, John Reifsnyder, and Joseph Spotts, gave an award for the de- 
 fendants. Plaintiffs then resolved to appeal, and Doctor Atlee, of 
 Philadelphia, came with Mr. Lashells, the leading counsel on his 
 side, to enter the appeal. I was desired to take the necessary affi- 
 davit and bond, and lay them aside for the present, until the costs, 
 which were necessary to be paid, should be forwarded, and then I 
 was to file the affidavit and enter the appeal. The taxation of costs 
 was difficult and tedious. Many of the subpoenas had been lost, 
 and as no account had been kept of time, the defendants had to make 
 
1824.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 46g 
 
 their bill very low to avoid exceptions. The amount, however, after 
 all allowances, was upwards of $i ,500. The twenty days elapsed, and 
 no costs were paid ; the defendants demanded judgment, which I 
 entered with good-will. So ended the Isle of Que case. 
 
 The reason why the costs were not forthcoming, we learned after- 
 wards. When Doctor Atlee got back to Philadelphia, he took coun- 
 sel of David Paul Brown, his attorney, who advised him not to pay 
 over the costs, as the mere taking of the affidavit and bond for 
 future costs constituted an appeal — that I Avould be liable to the de- 
 fendants for costs. When Mr. Lashells wrote to inquire why the 
 costs were not forthcoming, and was informed of Mr. Brown's 
 advice, he refused to be a party to any such unfair dealing, and 
 added that. he felt sure the court would not allow an appeal to be 
 entered ; that it was ungenerous to throw Mr. Snyder into the costs 
 for an act of kindness to Doctor Atlee, to save him a journey from 
 Philadelphia, by taking the affidavit and bond while he was at New 
 Berlin. 
 
 The plaintiffs then brought a suit in the United States court, at 
 Philadelphia, for that part which lay west of Penn's creek, and on 
 which Selinsgrove was built. The first attempts to bring on the suit 
 to trial failed, for the absence of witnesses, who were too old and in- 
 firm to go so far. A rule to take depositions was then entered. 
 Here David Paul once more proved their evil genius. The rule of 
 court required the depositions to be forwarded under the seal of the 
 justice or commissioner, to the clerk of the court, to be by him 
 opened. The justice did his part correctly, but the bearer, who was 
 a friend of the plaintiffs, handed them first to Mr. Brown, who igno- 
 rantly, or regardless of the rule, broke them open and perused them. 
 He then took them to the clerk, but the latter refused either to re- 
 ceive or file them. A few days afterward the case was called up, 
 the depositions were rejected by the court, and the plaintiffs suffered 
 a non-suit. 
 
 . December 25, Samuel Johnston, aged twelve, tried for setting fire 
 to his uncle Jacob Johnston's barn, in West Buffalo. He was con- 
 victed, but obtaining a new trial, was acquitted at May sessions, 
 1825. Mumma, district attorney, and C. A. Bradford for Com- 
 monwealth ■ Horning, Van Home, Packer, and W. Cox Ellis for 
 defendant. 
 
470 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1824. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 April 9, William Wilson, of Kelly township, aged eighty-two. He 
 came into the Valley in 1772, and his eldest daughter, Martha, was 
 born in 1774. His children were : Thomas, born August 18, 1776, 
 died May 23, 1831 ; James, born August 3, 1778, died December 26, 
 1831; Mary, born April 14, 1783, married William Hayes, died 
 December 10, 1827- William, junior, many years a merchant at 
 Lewisburg, born August 10, 1787, died June 12, 1783; Samuel, 
 died January 16, 1843; Effie, married to William Murray, died 
 January 23, 1853 ; Eliza, who married Peter Nevius, alone survives. 
 
 David Soult, born March 18, 1752, enlisted in Northampton 
 county, in Captain Marien Lamar's company, and served in Canada 
 in 1776, and afterwards enlisted in the second Pennsylvania. His 
 captain, who was major of the second, was killed at Paoli. Soult 
 was in the battles of Brandy wine, Germantown, Monmouth, and at 
 the storming of the block-house. He left five children : John, Jacob, 
 Philip, George, and Michael. 
 
 October 4, at New Berlin, Adam Specht, shoe-maker ; enlisted as 
 a private, (in Colonel Nicholas Haussegger's German regiment,) at 
 Shafferstown, May, 1776; discharged at Northumberland by Lieu- 
 tenant Colonel Lewis Wiltner, in 1779. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 2 2d July, Nathan Jordan, merchant, to Miss Hannah Smith, both 
 of White Deer. 24th August, by Reverend Heim, Conrad Pontius, 
 of Ohio, to Miss Mary Seebold, of New Berlin. 26th, by Reverend 
 Thomas Hood, Captain James Magee to Miss Elizabeth Strayhorn, 
 of West Buffalo. 14th October. William Linn, of Kelly, to Miss 
 Jane Morrow, of Franklin county. 14th October, by Reverend 
 Jacob W. Smith, Martin Dreisbach, junior, to Miss Elizabeth, daugh- 
 ter of Solomon Kleckner. 31st October, by Reverend Martin Dreis- 
 bach, Isaac Peters to Miss Susan Miller, of New Berlin. December 
 16, William C. Stedman to Elizabeth, daughter of Hugh Wilson. 
 
r< 
 
 18^5. 
 
 G-EORGE Kremer's Article in the "Columbian Observer," and Henry 
 Clay's Card — Reception of Mr. Kremer at Lewisburg — Weather 
 Record — Peculiarities of the Bar — The Shoavman at New Berlin 
 ■ — Witchcraft Farce in Beaver Township. 
 
 [From the Columbian Ob.=!erver.] 
 
 Washington, January 25, 1825. 
 JIEAR SIR : I take up my pen to inform you of one of 
 the most disgraceful transactions that ever covered with 
 infamy the Republican ranks. Would you believe that 
 men professing Democ7'acy could be found base enough 
 to lay the axe at the very root of the tree of Liberty ? Yet, strange 
 as it is, it is not less true. To give you a full history of the trans- 
 action would far exceed the limits of a letter. I shall, therefore, at 
 once proceed to give you a brief account of such a bargain as can 
 only be equalled by the Famous Burr Conspiracy oi 1801. For 
 some time past, the friends of Clay have hinted that they, like the 
 Swiss, would fight for those who would pay best. Overtures were 
 said to have been made by the friends of Adams to the friends of 
 Clay, offering him the appointment of Secretary of State for his aid 
 to elect Adams. And the friends of Clay gave this information to 
 the friends of Jackson, and hinted that if the friends of Jackson 
 would offer the same price, they would close with them. But none 
 of the friends of Jackson would descend to such mean barter and 
 sale. It was not believed by any of the friends of Jackson that this 
 contract would be ratified by the members from the States who had 
 voted for Mr. Clay. 
 
 I was of opinion, when I first heard of this transaction, that men, 
 professing any honorable principles, could not, nor would not, be 
 
 471 
 
47 2 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 transferred like the planter does his negroes, or the farmer his team 
 and horses. No alarm was excited — we believed the Republic was 
 safe. The nation, having delivered Jackson into the hands of Con- 
 gress, backed by a large majority of their votes, there was on my 
 mind no doubt that Congress would respond to the will of the nation, 
 by electing the individual they had declared to be their choice. Con- 
 trary to this expectation, it is now ascertained to a certainty that 
 Henry Clay has transferred his interest to John Quincy Adams. As 
 a consideration for this abandonment of duty to his constituents, it 
 is said and believed, should this unholy coalition prevail. Clay is to 
 be appointed Secretary of State. I have no fears on my mind — I 
 am clearly of opinion we shall defeat every combination. The force 
 of public opinion must prevail, or there is an end of liberty. 
 
 [From the National Intelligencer.] 
 
 A Card — I have seen, without any other emotion than that of 
 ineffable contempt, the abuse which has been poured upon me by a 
 scurrilous paper, issued in this city, and by other kindred prints and 
 persons, in regard to the presidential election. The editor of one 
 of those prints, ushered forth in Philadelphia, called the Columbian 
 Observer, for which I do not subscribe, and which I have not or- 
 dered, has had the impude?ice to transmit to me his vile paper of the 
 28th instant. In that number is inserted a letter, purporting to have 
 been written from this city, on the 25th instant, by a member of the 
 House of Representatives, belonging to the Pennsylvania delegation. 
 I believe it to be d. forgery ; but, if it be genuine, I pronounce the 
 member, whoever he may be, a base and infainoics calumniator, a 
 DASTARD, and A LIAR, and if he dare unveil himself and avow his 
 name, I will hold him responsible, as I here admit myself to be, to 
 all THE LAWS which govern and regulate the conduct of MEN OF 
 HONOR. 
 
 H. Clay. 
 
 ■^xst January, 1825. 
 
 Another Card. — George Kremer, of the House of Representa- 
 tives, tenders his respects to the Honorable " H. Clay," and informs 
 him that, by reference to the editor of the Columbian Observer, he 
 may ascertain the name of the writer of a letter of the 25th ultimo, 
 which it seems has afforded so much concern to " H. Clay." In the 
 meantime, George Kremer holds himself responsible to prove, to the 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 473 
 
 satisfaction of unprejudiced minds, enough to satisfy them of the ac- 
 curacy of the statements which are contained in that letter, to the 
 extent that they concern the course and conduct of " H. Clay." 
 Being a representative of the people, he will not fear to " cry aloud 
 and spare not," when their rights and privileges are at stake. 
 
 On the return of Mr. Kremer, the citizens of Lewisburg assembled 
 at the house of Thomas R. Lewis. Alexander Graham was chosen 
 chairman, and John Sargeant, secretary. The object of the meeting 
 being stated from the chair, the following resolutions were unani- 
 mously adopted, viz : 
 
 Resolved, That James Geddes, Doctor Thomas Vanvalzah, Daniel 
 C. Ambler, Jacob Bogar, and Doctor William Joyce, be a commit- 
 tee of arrangement to carry the object of the meeting into effect, 
 and that they draft an address to the Honorable George Kremer, 
 inviting him to a public dinner, at the house of T. R. Lewis, on 
 Saturday, the 26th instant. 
 
 Resolved, That a general invitation be given to the friends of the 
 Honorable George Kremer. 
 
 Committee'' s Invitation. 
 
 Dear Sir : We, the undersigned, appointed a committee of 
 arrangement, present our compliments to you, and respectfully re- 
 quest the honor of your company, at the house of Thomas R. Lewis, 
 on Saturday, the 26th instant, to partake of a public dinner, with 
 your fellow-citizens of the borough of Lewisburg and its vicinity, to 
 be given as a manifestation of their respect and gratitude for your 
 firm, dignified, and patriotic conduct, as a member of the House of 
 Representatives of the United States ; but more especially for your 
 unremitted and vigorous efforts to stem the torrent of corruption, 
 which threatened to inundate the national Legislature. 
 
 With sentiments of esteem, we remain yours, dear sir, very re- 
 spectfully, 
 
 William Joyce, 
 
 James Geddes, 
 T. Vanvalzah, 
 D. C. Ambler, 
 Jacob Bogar, 
 The Honorable George Kremer. 
 
474 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 To which Mr. Kremer returned the following answer : 
 
 Lewisburg, March 23, 1825. 
 
 Gentlemex : Your friendly invitation to me, to partake of a 
 public dinner at the house of T. R. Lewis, on the 26th instant, has 
 just been received. This new testimonial of regard and kindness 
 towards me is a sure pledge that the representative who discharges 
 his duty with good faith, will always be supported and sustained by 
 a virtuous and patriotic people. I need not say to you, that how- 
 ever averse I should feel on ordinary occasions, on the present I 
 shall waive all objections, and do myself the pleasure to dine with 
 my fellow-citizens. Accept the assurance of my sincere respect and 
 
 regard. 
 
 George Kremer. 
 
 Messrs. James Geddes, Doctor Thomas Vanvalz ah, D. C. Ambler, 
 
 Doctor William Joyce, Jacob Bogar. 
 
 On Saturday, the 26th, pursuant to previous arrangement, the 
 long room of Mr. Lewis was crowded to overflowing. Colonel 
 James Dale was called to the chair, and John Sargent appointed 
 Secretary. 
 
 The company sat down to a splendid entertainment provided for 
 the occasion. After the cloth was removed, the following toasts 
 were drunk with much hilarity and good glee. * * * * 
 
 9. Honorable George Kremer, our worthy guest, the intrepid 
 and watchful guardian of the people's rights — When corruption 
 reared its hydra head, he "cried aloud, and spared not." [Here 
 Mr. Kremer rose, and delivered a short and very appropriate ad- 
 dress.] 
 
 Volunteers. 
 
 By Jonathan Smith: The intrepid Kremer — Like David of old, he 
 slew the modern Goliah, the giant of intrigue, made of Clay, daubed 
 with corruption. 
 
 William Kelly : The apostate BRECK — a member of Congress, 
 belonging to the Pennsylvania delegation ; he was surely a bastard, 
 not a legitimate son of Pennsylvania. 
 
 John Sargent : Our worthy fellow-citizen and guest, George 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 475 
 
 Kremer — His patriotism and manly firmness, in exposing the corrupt 
 intrigues of a political gambler, claim oirr best plaudits and gratitude. 
 
 Henry Beck : Greece — The ancient seat of the muses, of science 
 and philosophy ; she was great ; she will be great again. 
 
 Alexander Morton : The government of the Union, like a pure 
 stream, may it have no foul Clay to pollute it. 
 
 John Machemer : The hero of New Orleans — the firm patriot and 
 statesman ; the second savior of his country ; the protector of beauty 
 and booty; if he is one of the "military chieftans," may the 
 genius of liberty send us a great many of them. 
 
 Doctor Samuel Strohecker : The press — the grand engine of lib- 
 erty and civilization ; destined to illuminate, emancipate, and exalt 
 the world. 
 
 John Musser : The editors of the National Intelligence}', who de- 
 clined publishing the patriotic letter of Mr. Kremer, addressed to his 
 constituents — Fit tools, indeed, to execute the purposes of the Holy 
 Alliance. 
 
 Daniel Beyers : May Pennsylvania and our sister States be forever 
 blessed with such bright members as our worthy fellow-citizen, George 
 Kremer, who will unshield all intrigues, without respect to persons, 
 and that, too, at the risk of his popularity. 
 
 Alexander Graham : The people of Pennsylvania, and our worthy 
 countryman, George Kremer, Esquire. 
 
 John Reber : The press — On its freedom depends the happiness, 
 liberty, and independence of the world. 
 
 Jacob Reedy : General Jackson — As a soldier, statesman, and 
 patriot, unequaled ; may he be our next President. 
 
 John Hummel : The Government of the United States has been 
 seized by a Quincy, produced by the putrid exhalations of a tobacco 
 pipe, made of Clay, drenched in corruption — It will prove fatal in 
 less than four years. 
 
 George Schnabel: Our next Governor — A man of stern integrity 
 and undeviating republican principles. 
 
 Andrew Reedy : Thank Providence the freemen of the United 
 States made choice of a hero and statesman, in preference to a po- 
 litical gambler. 
 
 John Brown : The corruptionists in Congress — may they meet 
 
476 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 with the same fate hereafter, as did Henry Clay in his late attempt 
 to disgrace the Pennsylvania farmer. 
 
 Clement Beckwith : Henry Clay and John Q. Adams — From every 
 consideration, there is nothing good they have said or can do ; may 
 they sink in their corruption, and the friends of freedom stand up in 
 their shoes. 
 
 Thomas R. Lewis : Henry Clay, who smuggled J. Q. Adams into 
 the presidential chair, as the serpent did original sin into Paradise 
 — May the flaming sword of the people thrust them both out in the 
 year 1829. 
 
 Jacob Musser : Adam, the first man, was made of clay — Adams 
 was made President by Clay and corruption. 
 
 George Kremer was the nephew of Governor Snyder, and came 
 to reside with him when a mere lad. He was very ill formed, but 
 not the least ashamed of his ugliness, and rather inclined to feel 
 proud of his distinction in this respect. He grew up to be stout, 
 and soon became able to fight his own battles, in an age and a dis- 
 trict where broils were of daily occurrence. This region, then 
 called by the general name of Shamokin, was in those days the fron- 
 tier, and looked upon by the dwellers on the sea-board, as we look 
 upon Iowa and Kansas at the present time. It served as a place of 
 refuge for all runaway and desperate characters from the south east- 
 ern counties. The sheriff and constable seldom ventured into the 
 wilds on this side of the river, which acquired the significant title of 
 RascaP s creek. 
 
 George was remarkable for shrewdness, no less than for courage 
 and bodily strength, and he became, in a short time, a person of 
 great influence among the hardy inhabitants of the new country. In 
 addition to his other good qualities, he was strictly honest, and his 
 word was his bond. Whatever he did, he did it with all his might. 
 With such qualifications and endowments, it is no matter of wonder 
 that he became a leading man so soon as he embarked in politics. 
 After serving several terms as a member of our State Legislature, he 
 was elected to Congress, and here acquired the distinction which he 
 enjoyed. 
 
 In 1825, it having been ascertained that neither of the candidates 
 for the Presidency had received the constitutional majority of votes, 
 the matter was referred to Congress. Mr. Adams, General Jackson, 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 477 
 
 Mr. Clay, and Mr. Crawford were the candidates, and as the choice 
 of Congress lay between the two first, there was, of course, consid- 
 erable intriguing on the part of the two latter and their friends. 
 The friends of Jackson, finding that Mr. Clay and his friends were 
 decidedly hostile to their candidate, and, indeed, made no secret of 
 their aversion to him, resolved, after in vain trying the arts of per- 
 suasion, to resort to intimidation. They caused a letter to be writ- 
 ten and published in the Columbian Observer, of Philadelphia, 
 which stated that a corrupt bargain had been made between Messrs. 
 Adams and Clay, in pursuance of which, the latter was to transfer 
 his vote, and the vote of his friends to Mr. Adams, who was to 
 make him Secretary of State, as his reward. 
 
 On the day after the appearance of the letter, Mr. Clay, then 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives, moved that a committee 
 be appointed to inquire into the truth of this charge. Mr. Kremer 
 seconded the motion, stating that he was ready with the proofs, and 
 willing to meet the inquiry. The motion was opposed by Mr. Mc- 
 Duffie and some others, friends to Jackson, on the ground that there 
 was not sufficient reason to consume the time of the House in inves- 
 tigating a frivolous newspaper charge — a charge which no one ac- 
 quainted with the parties concerned would believe. Mr. Clay had 
 even insisted on his right to clear his character from the stain thus 
 publicly attempted to be fixed on it, and Mr. Kremer eagerly sec- 
 onded him, exulting in the anticipated certain confounding of the 
 Clay and Adams party. 
 
 Not one, however, of those who had put him upon writing the 
 letter, supported him, or manifested any anxiety for the proposed 
 inquiry. The committee was appointed. On the evening of the 
 same day, Kremer discovered that his friends could furnish him with 
 no evidence to support his charge, and that he must get out of the 
 scrape .as well as he could. On the succeeding day, the committee 
 notified him they were ready to proceed. In answer to which, he 
 wrote a long letter to the chairman, declining to appear, alleging 
 that as he had made no formal charges, the committee could have 
 no jurisdiction— that his charge was made for the public, &c. This 
 special pleading was so nearly identified with the argument of Mr. 
 McDuffie on the preceding day, in the motion for inquiry, as to lead 
 some to suspect that he, (Mr. McDuffie,) was its author ; but the 
 
478 AANALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 character of Mr. McDufifie forbids us to harbor any such suspicion. 
 It was probably the production of Mr. Ingham, who, as afterwards 
 appeared, was Kremer's chief prompter in this business. It was 
 natural for him to adopt Mr. McDuffie's arguments, being the best 
 and, indeed, only mode of getting clear of the difficulty. 
 
 One might have supposed that this disgraceful retreat would have 
 convinced the whole public of the falsehood of Kremer's charge, 
 but political faith covers mountains, and the charge was eagerly 
 entertained and reiterated by the partisans of Jackson. Kremer 
 himself, as appears from the testimony of Mr. Crowninshield, doubted, 
 at the last, and had a letter of apology ready for Mr. Clay, which 
 Mr. Ingham found means to suppress. 
 
 Such was the eagerness with which the Pennsylvanians received 
 the corruption story, and such the cloud of incense with which Kre- 
 mer was fumigated, that it is no wonder that his brain was affected, 
 and he really believed himself the savior of his country's liberty. 
 His vanity became excessive, and as Cicero of old continually rung 
 the charges in his later orations, on the names of Lentulus and 
 Catahne, so Kremer made corruption, and his famous letter, the 
 eternarburden of his song. 
 
 Finding that the corruption story was unsparingly used against 
 him by the Jacksonians, notwithstanding the way in which they had 
 backed out of the charge, and that even General Jackson had con- 
 descended to lend the authority of his name to this shameless cal- 
 umny, Mr. Clay took the trouble to collect the letters, certificates, 
 and affidavits of almost every one who could have any knowledge 
 of the matter in agitation, and published them in a pamphlet. 
 These testimonials, coming from upwards of fifty persons of all 
 parties, formed a most triumphant refutation of the corruption story. 
 But it was all in vain for Messrs. Adams and Clay. The popular 
 mind had been roused to phrensy, and was utterly inaccessible to 
 all reason. Jackson was elected, in 1828, by a decided majority, 
 and Kremer, having answered the purpose of his party, was for- 
 gotten at once. Too honest to take a part in the intrigues of his 
 fellow-partisans at Washington, he could not make himself of any 
 further use to them, and was pushed aside to make room for those 
 who knew how to make the best use, for selfish purposes, of his ser- 
 vices. For some years after he was left out of Congress, he con- 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 479 
 
 tinued to make speeches at public meetings, the burden of which 
 was "corruption" and ''My letter to the Columbia Observer. '' 
 His action, in speaking, was vehement and ungraceful, his voice 
 loud, and his accentuation false and ranting, such as school-boys are 
 apt to acquire under the tuition of an injudicious teacher. His 
 honesty and zeal no one doubted ; but designing demagogues con- 
 trived, by dexterous management, to keep him back, as he was too 
 straightforward for them, and if admitted to their councils, would 
 mar the harmony of their best laid plans by denouncing their selfish- 
 ness and unfair dealing. There was neither selfishness nor mean- 
 ness about him, and had he condescended to cringe to the party 
 leaders in 1828-1829, when his name was in the mouth of every one, 
 or had he intimated that his influence might possibly be turned 
 against Jackson, there is no donbt but that he could have obtained 
 highest reward in the form of political preferment. Indeed, it was 
 a matter of wonder and remark, among his unsophisticated constit- 
 uents, that he remained without office. They little thought that 
 their favorite was altogether thrust aside by the throng of hungry 
 office-hunters, who assailed the President with their importunate 
 cries for the spoils of victory. He was not blind to the intrigues 
 and foul play going on at the seat of Government, for on his way 
 home once, he met an acquaintance whom he mistook for one of 
 his own political caste, and to whom he said: "Adams and Clay 
 were corrupt, but their corruption was child's play to what is going 
 on at Washington now." — G. A. S. 
 
 Weather Record. 
 
 The spring was early; peach trees in bloom on the loth of April; 
 plum trees on the i8th; flowers in the garden on the i6th; rye in 
 head on the 8th of May. July 13, the thermometer stood at ninety- 
 six degrees. Many springs in the Valley gave out, and the pasture 
 burned up. July 16, the crops in Union county were most extraor- 
 dinary. It was generally acknowledged that the yield was one 
 fourth more upon the same quantity of ground than ever has been 
 raised before. Jonathan Spyker, of Lewisburg, cut twenty-three 
 dozen of wheat off thirty-eight perches. October 4, a comet visible. 
 December 4, the first snow fell. 
 
4^0 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 Various Items. 
 
 March 29, a dinner at Jacob Maize's, in Mifflinburg, to Honor- 
 able George Kremer. The latter sold out his stock of store goods 
 at Lewisburg to Samuel Roush, Esquire, who removed it to Mifflin- 
 burg. William Tagger t kept the hotel at the Cross-Roads ; Valen- 
 tine Hahn and Roland Stoughton at Lewisburg ; John Hoffman, 
 " The Rising Sun," at New Berlin; and Thomas Crotzer, "The 
 Bull's Head," at Mifflinburg. May 18, George Kremer, James 
 Merrill, and Ner Middleswarth, appointed delegates to the internal 
 improvement convention, at Harrisburg. July 2, John Cummings, 
 junior, took charge of the Union Times, succeeded on the ist of 
 October by John A. Sterrett, Esquire. The candidates on the 
 Democratic ticket for Assembly were Ner Middleswarth and Wil- 
 liam Forster, junior. On the Independent ticket, James Madden 
 and J. Reifsnyder. For a convention, 1,715 ; against, 717. Novem- 
 ber I, Camp Calhoun held at McEwensville. The Lewisburg 
 Guards, commanded by Captain Jackson McFaddin, numbering 
 forty-five men, were in camp. David and James Templeton left 
 New Berlin to establish a store at Canonsburg. James to study di- 
 vinity there. David C. Ambler left Lewisburg. He finally landed in 
 Florida, where he died in 1867 or 1S68. November 10, Mr. Still- 
 well commenced a survey of the turnpike, from Mifflinburg to Belle- 
 fonte, at Mifflinburg. James Wilson purchased Captain William 
 Gray's place. 
 
 In July, James Magee commenced boring for salt in West Buffalo , 
 at the place still known as the salt works. A stock company was 
 formed, Saiiiuel Roush, Esquire, treasurer, and an assessment of one 
 dollar per share of "The Union Salt Works" called in. The opera- 
 tors humbugged the share-holders until their patience was exhausted. 
 In December, according to the Times, " they had reached the depth 
 of one hundred and fifty feet, striking on two veins of salt water of 
 considerable magnitude. Should the anticipations be realized, Union 
 county will, ere long, be able to supply its inhabitants and those of 
 the neighboring counties with the indispensable article of salt." [A 
 barrel of salt conveyed in the night to the well saturated it well 
 enough to raise an assessment from the stockholders assembled the 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 481 
 
 next day.] One good result, however, was a stream of cold sulphur 
 water, which has refreshed and invigorated thousands of people. 
 
 "A man by the name of Ephraim Stephens, of White Deer town- 
 ship, was brought to the jail of this county. One report says that 
 he had formed the resolution of killing some part of his family, and 
 then putting an end to his own existence, and that he loaded his gun 
 for the purpose of putting this resolution in execution. Fortunately, 
 one of his sons caught him, and wrested the gun from his hands; but 
 in the struggle, the gun accidently went off, and its contents lodged 
 in the barn, which was filled with grain and hay, and which was 
 totally consumed." — Times. 
 
 July 22, James Young, of Kelly township, (near Ephraim Stean's,) 
 was found dead, his body in such a state of putrefaction, he was 
 buried where he was found. He had gone to the mountain with 
 some of his neighbors to cut cooper poles, and, complaining of being 
 sick, started home and, no doubt, died from excessive heat. His 
 neighbors searched for him all night and the succeeding day, before 
 finding his body. ' ' The German Reformed and Lutheran church, 
 known as 'Emanuel Church,' at New Berlin, was dedicated on Sun- 
 day, July 31, agreeably to the German ritual, in the presence of a vast 
 concourse of people. The Reverend Mr. Hendel, of Berks county, 
 officiated, assisted by Reverend Messrs. Shindel, Smith, and Fries. 
 The concourse of people was numerous, beyond all conception. The 
 building is a handsome piece of architecture. Christopher Seebold, 
 Esquire, was the contractor, and deserves much credit for the superb 
 manner in which this building is finished, particularly the pulpit, 
 which is said to be a correct model of the one in the German Re- 
 formed church at Harrisburg, and which has been pronounced to be 
 inferior to none in the State. On the subsequent Sunday, dedica- 
 tory services were held in the English language, by Reverend Martin 
 Bruner, of Sunbury, assisted by Reverend Thomas Hood." Times. 
 
 Peculiarities of the Bar, from the Manuscript of the late James F. 
 
 Linn, Esquire. 
 
 " I do think, and I do say, gentlemen of the jury." — Lashells. 
 "According to the perpendicular line of justice." — Bellas. 
 31 
 
482 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 "It is not in the power of mortal man to have a particle of doubt 
 about it." — G?'eefiotigh. 
 
 "But this is of no earthly consequence, if the Court please." — 
 ^S*. Hepburn. 
 
 " Under the statoot of hoo and cry." — Bancraft. 
 
 " The gentle, humane, and mild spirit which is diffused through 
 the penal code of Pennsylvania. " — William Cox Ellis. 
 
 "Humph! the gentlemen are marvelous witty." — R. C. Grier. 
 
 "Yes, stop — well, let us see — stop there — come, let us have it 
 down in writing." — Frick. 
 
 "There is no evidence in the wide world to support it." — Van 
 Horn. 
 
 "It is no such matter." — Donnel. 
 
 " I fancy." — -Jordan. 
 
 "Hum! the big man gets up, and the little man gets up, and 
 they try to carry their cause by a kind of mechanical operation." — 
 Marr. 
 
 " The creditors of the time of this transaction had no existence." — 
 H. D. Ellis. 
 
 Showman at New Berlin again. 
 
 The evil star of last year's showman brought him to New Berlin 
 again. The place seemed charged to the full with ill-luck for him. 
 
 My young friend, B , having ascertained that he was to perform 
 
 in a room on the ground- floor of Grier 's tavern, went to a window 
 of the room, soon after the performance commenced, and having 
 silently raised the sash about one inch, introduced the nose of a 
 large syringe filled with a most abominable compound of filth. He 
 had not waited long before the performer, standing upon the rope, 
 presented a full front, within point blank distance ; then the fra- 
 grant liquid was squirted over his magnificent person. Grier, who 
 sat in the capacity of fiddler, in a line with the discharge, had his 
 hair perfumed by the falling of divers odoriferous drops from the 
 hissing current. Down leaped the rope-dancer, and up leaped 
 Grier ■ the former ran out to plunge his head and body into a rain- 
 barrel • the latter, foaming with wrath, to wreak his vengeance on 
 the offender, whom, however, he could not find. The showman 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 483 
 
 swore he never would set foot in New Berlin again, and he kept his 
 oath. 
 
 A very remarkable meteor appeared during this summer. I was 
 standing in the prothonotary's office in New Berlin, when I heard, 
 as I imagined, some one fall heavily upon the floor of the room above 
 me. Knowing that the room was unoccupied, I had the curiosity to 
 go and look in, but found no one there. On my return to my house, 
 I mentioned the matter to my wife, who said she had heard a simi- 
 lar sound, and I soon discovered that all my neighbors had been 
 deceived in a similar manner. Those who were in the open air 
 when they heard the sound, said the ground trembled under their 
 feet, and horses were observed to start and crouch as when a bridge 
 cracks under their feet. It appeared afterwards that the explosion 
 had accompanied the appearance of a meteor, and had been heard 
 at Bellefonte and Lewistown, on the Juniata, and at Sunbury and 
 Liverpool, on the Susquehanna. The flight of the fiery ball was dis- 
 tinctly seen by the workmen on the Juniata, and at Liverpool. I 
 was told a fiery body was seen to fall apparently on the north side 
 of Peter's mountain. 
 
 Temperance associations began to be formed in the Valley in this 
 year. Those connected therewith bound themselves to use no intox- 
 icating liquor, except in such cases as required their use as medicines, 
 and to discontinue the custom of offering strong drink to visitors. 
 The latter practice had been so common that to omit it was con- 
 sidered a breach of politeness. Every one knows with what a whirl- 
 wind force public opinion in America, when once excited, bears 
 down everything before it, and here was an illustration of its power. 
 
 After three or four years, it became rare to offer liquors to visitors, 
 and common to hear a person refuse to drink, on the ground that 
 he was a temperance man. A respectable inn-keeper in Sunbury 
 told me, about three years after this, that the sale of liquor at his 
 bar, to travelers, had been diminished by not less than one half, 
 under the influence of the temperance societies. The first temper- 
 ance societies allowed the use of wines, on the ground that those 
 who limited themselves to these would not get drunk on so expens- 
 ive an article. 
 
484 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 Witchcraft Farce. 
 
 During this year a remarkable farce of witchcraft was played in 
 the family of a man named Kern, in Beaver township. He had a 
 wife and two daughters, and followed the occupation of farming. In 
 his immediate vicinity lived a man named Romig, who, from some 
 unknown cause, became a hypochondriac, and the impression got 
 abroad that he was bewitched. Soon after this the milk in Kern's 
 spring-house became sour, within a few hours after it was placed 
 there. This occurred daily, until the farce was concluded, which was 
 in two or three weeks. The next act played was of a more remark- 
 able character. Kern's tables and kitchen furniture were to be seen 
 flying in all directions, thrown, it was supposed, by supernatural 
 means. Knives, forks, spoons, ladles, &c., never remained more 
 than five minutes on the dresser, after having been placed there, but 
 were thrown in various directions about the house ; and, as the more 
 BELIEVING portion of the neighbors asserted, it was no uncommon 
 thing to see them thrown through the solid wall of the house, with- 
 out leaving any mark of their passage in the wall ! A peddler, who 
 stopped for the purpose of trading some of his notions to Kern, as- 
 serted that he had not been in the house ten minutes before his hat 
 and dog were thrown through the wall of the kitchen, into the adjoin- 
 ing yard. It is not to be presumed that he was influenced in propa- 
 gating this story by the hope of assembling a crowd around his wagon. 
 
 During these transactions, Kern had a numerous crowd daily at 
 his house, and on Sundays there was a gathering at his door, such as 
 the most eloquent divine would have failed to assemble. Of these, 
 the major part came prepared to believe all they saw, and all they 
 might hear. Of course, there was no lack of true stories. The un- 
 believing portion of the visitors — a very small number, for men of 
 SENSE generally staid at home — kept their eyes open, and readily 
 discovered that the old woman and the daughters were the witches, 
 and threw the knives, forks, &c. A witch doctor was called, who 
 proceeded, with great solemnity, to expel the evil spirit. Divers 
 magical and mysterious rites were performed, exorcisms were chanted, 
 and texts of Scripture nailed to every door and window in the house. 
 The witches, however, set the doctor at naught, and baffled all his 
 schemes. At length a party of young men, residing in New Berlin, 
 
1825.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 4^5 
 
 resolved to try their skill at taking evil spirits. One of them, having 
 procured a mask, a huge flaxen-wig, a pair of furred gloves, and 
 other necessary apparatus, set out with the rest, in the afternoon, 
 and arrived at Kern's early in the evening. At their request, the 
 witches performed, to their great satisfaction, until a late hour. At 
 length, when all the visitors, except the young witch doctors, had left 
 the house, it was resolved to commence operations. They desired 
 to see how the witches acted above stairs, and were accordingly con- 
 ducted up the ladder, accompanied by the whole family. In the 
 meantime, one of the party, who had a remarkably hoarse and deep- 
 toned voice, and who was to act the part of the devil, was notified 
 by a preconcerted signal— for he had not entered the house — to pre- 
 pare for action. He accordingly put on his wig and mask, which 
 he rubbed with phosphorus, and wrapped himself in a buffalo-skin. 
 The party up stairs were well provided with squibs. One of them 
 had a piece of phosphorus, with which he wrote on the wall such 
 words as " devil," "hell," &c., in a number of places. The sig- 
 nal being given, the candle was extinguished, the squibs distributed 
 most copiously, and the horrid words on the wall shone out in Hquid 
 fire. The barrels and furniture in the room were trundled about the 
 floor, and an astounding uproar was kept up for some minutes. Pres- 
 ently a terrific roar was heard from below. All parties ran to the 
 stair-door, and saw, at the foot of the ladder, his grim majesty, in 
 all the terrors of flames, flax, fur, and horns. Satan made an appro- 
 priate speech on the occasion, and then retired. His address was 
 followed by a most edifying exhortation, by the wag of the party, on 
 the sin of deceiving, and the danger of another visit from old Nick, 
 if the present practices should be persisted in. The terrified witches 
 made a full confession, and so ended the enchantment. — G. A. 
 Snyder, 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 January i8, by Reverend J. W. Smith, Hezekiah Amberg, of 
 New Berlin, to Miss Ehzabeth Brooks. February lo, by Reverend 
 T. Hood, David Nesbit to Miss Mary, daughter of Jacob Musser. 
 February 24, by Reverend Patterson, Thomas Candor, of Kelly, to 
 Margaret, daughter of John Montgomery. March 15, James Dun- 
 can, of Aaronsburg, to Mrs. Sophia Maxwell, of New Berlin. April 
 
486 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1825. 
 
 7, by Reverend Fr-ies, John Orwig, of Mifflinburg, to Miss Maria 
 Bright. April 28, by Reverend T. Hood, John Linn to Mary F. 1 
 Chamberlin. May 5, by Reverend Heim, Daniel Ludwig to Miss 
 Sarah Hoffman. May 6, by Reverend John Dreisbach, Robert P. 
 Maclay, of East Buffalo, to Miss Margaret C. Lashells, of New Ber- 
 lin. May 20, Henry B. Mussena to Miss Elizabeth Winter, of New 
 Berlin. June 5, by Reverend Fries, Mathias Banner to Elizabeth 
 Overmyer, of New Berlin. October 6, by Reverend Fries, Daniel 
 Apple to Miss Susan Orwig, of Mifflinburg. October 9, John Maize 
 to Miss Elizabeth Jones, of Mifflinburg. October 13, Mr. Straw- 
 bridge, of Columbia county, to Miss Louisa, daughter of Charles 
 Maus, Esquire. November 2, by Reverend Heim, Jonathan Wetzel 
 to Miss Hettie Hoff, of Union. November 3, by Reverend J. H. 
 Fries, Jacob G. Chestney, of Mifflinburg. to Juliana, daughter of 
 John Cummings, Esquire, of Hartley. November 3, by James Mc- 
 Clellan, Esquire, Daniel Mook to Miss Mary Dieffenbach. Novem- 
 ber 20, David Mauck to Miss Nancy Shriner. December 22, by 
 Reverend Stewart, William Kelly, of Union, to Miss Margaret Alli- 
 son, of Centre. December 26, John Row to Miss Rachel Kunkle, 
 of Dry Valley. 
 
1§26. 
 
 Lottery Advertisements — Fourth of July Celebration — Murder of 
 Jacob Swineford — Weather Record — Bishop Newcomer's Death — 
 Political — Obituary. 
 
 lANUARY 7, prices current in Philadelphia: Wheat, 
 ninety cents; rye, fifty-eight; corn, sixty-two; whisky, 
 twenty-six. Samuel Baum, postmaster at New Berlin, 
 in April; Alexander Graham, at Lewisburg; Jacob 
 Maize, at Mifflinburg. February 13, the coldest day of the year. 
 The Democratic-Republican convention met at New Berlin. Robert 
 Taylor, president ; John Bossier, secretary ; William Forster and 
 Henry C. Eyer were appointed delegates to the State convention, with 
 instructions to support the re-nomination of Governor Shulze. Feb- 
 ruary 18, Judge Seth Chapman, who was impeached for misdemeanors 
 in office, was acquitted by the Senate, twenty-six Senators voting 
 not guilty, five voting guilty. March 13, James F. Linn admitted 
 to the bar. April 10, the turnpike company incorporated to make 
 a road from the end of the Lewisburg bridge to Mifflinburg. Com- 
 missioners, William Hayes, James Geddes, Jacob Maize, Henry 
 Roush, and James Duncan. 
 
 Lottery advertisements fill the county papers this year. John A. 
 Sterrett was agent for the Union Canal lottery, at New Berlin, and 
 James Appleton, at Mifflinburg. New Berlin lottery, by Peter Smith. 
 In Mifflinburg, one by John and Henry Orwig ; James Cummings, 
 Samuel Roush, John Ray, James Appleton, George Bogar, and 
 Conrad Grove, managers. William Wolfinger advertises the Selins- 
 grove lottery. Andrew Reedy, one at William Taggert's, Buffalo 
 
 487 
 
4^8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1826. 
 
 Cross-Roads. Two prizes of ^3,000, one of $2,000. Severe drouth 
 which continued until the 23d of June, when it rained so excessively 
 as to spoil much hay.^ 28th, a great freshet on the river. The old 
 market house, on Market street, in Lewisburg, taken down. 4th of 
 July celebrated at New Berlin. Reverend J. H. Fries delivered a 
 discourse from Psalm Ixxxv : 10 and 11 verses; Charles A. Brad- 
 ford, Esquire, an oration. The singing was under the direction of 
 Mr. Hickok. After which the company repaired to Gross' spring, 
 where Mr. Eilert had prepared a dinner. Abbot Green was then 
 made chairman, George A. Snyder, secretary, and a number of 
 toasts were read. 
 
 Murder of Jacob Swineford. 
 
 Jacob Swineford, Esquire, of Middleburg, in this county, was 
 murdered on the night of the 4th of July, in Lebanon. The facts, 
 as far as we can learn from a German paper published in that place, 
 are as follows : Swineford and his son had been, for some days pre- 
 vious to the 4th, in the vicinity of Lebanon, with a drove of sheep, 
 consisting of about three hundred and eighty, which he had disposed 
 of, except about fifty, with which he arrived in Lebanon on the 
 morning of the 4th, where he spent the day. In the evening he 
 met with a Mr. Greenawalt, an old acquaintance, at the tavern of a 
 Mr. Williams, where they drank together, after which Swineford 
 asked Greenawalt to walk with him. They went, and when they 
 came to an alley in Hill street, they were suddenly attacked by three 
 men, by one of whom Greenawalt was knocked down twice, but 
 succeeded in making a retreat, calling to Swineford to run also. 
 Immediately afterwards, some boys, while passing, discovered some 
 one lying on the ground. Light was immediately brought, and it 
 was found to be Swineford, who was then in the agonies of death, 
 and expired immediately afterwards. He had received two blows 
 on his head, which occasioned his death. The deceased is supposed 
 
 ' At this time a farmer in West Buffalo made several attempts to haul in his hay, 
 only to be disappointed by sudden showers. Finally he had a load within a short 
 aistance of his barn, when a terrible storm came on. In his wrath, he swore he would 
 have some hay in dry at any rate, and grabbing from the wagon as much as he could 
 carry in his arms, he ran for the barn. Unfortunately for him, the creek intervened, 
 and as he was running with all his might, his foot slipped at the middle of the foot 
 log, and he plunged, with his hay, into the stream. 
 
1826.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 48g 
 
 to have had between $400 and ^500, in a large pocket-book, which 
 was missing. About |8o in a snaall pocket-book was found about 
 his person. Two men were arrested on suspicion of having com- 
 mitted the crime, but were afterwards discharged. The deceased 
 has left a wife and six children to mourn his untimely end. — Times, 
 July 14. 
 
 In August it became very sultry, with no rain. Dust followed the 
 plow, and a great deal of sickness prevailed in the Valley. In Sep- 
 tember, fever and ague prevailed extensively. In December, there 
 was a great deal of snow and good sleighing, and the river was fro- 
 zen, and crossed by sleds. The first snow fell on the 4th of Novem- 
 ber. 
 
 September 28, Bishop Newcomer visited the Valley for the last 
 time, on his return from a trip into Canada, staying at Martin and 
 John Dreisbach's. He died at his own home, in Hagerstown, on 
 12th March, 1830, aged eighty-one. "Long will he be remembered 
 by thousands. Many, very many, souls will, at the great day, own 
 him as the instrument, in the hand of God, by which they have been 
 turned from the error of their ways, and have been brougnt from 
 darkness to light." 
 
 Utica for girl's name having become quite common, it is, perhaps, 
 proper to state its origin. In this year, Captain John Snyder went on 
 a visit to New York, taking with his newly-married wife, Margaret. 
 Having a race-horse with him, he was lucky enough to win a match 
 at Utica, in memory of which he named his daughter, born within 
 the year, Utica, and the name, through mere fancy or personal liking, 
 became quite the rage. 
 
 Political. 
 
 September, Democratic convention at New Berlin, Michael Rath- 
 fon, chairman ; Samuel Aurand, secretary. William Forster, junior, 
 and George Aurand nominated for Assembly; Elias P. Youngman 
 for commissioner ; Andrew McClenachan and William Kessler, sen- 
 atorial conferees, with instructions to support Ner Middleswarth for 
 Senator, and indorsed the nomination of Governor Shulze. 
 
 At a county meeting, held on the 20th, Frederick Gutelius, chair- 
 man, Dan Caldwell and John Montelius, secretaries, John Ray was 
 
490 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1826. 
 
 nominated for Senator ; James Madden and Robert Willet for As- 
 sembly : John Montelius, commissioner ; Conrad Grove, James K. 
 Davis, and Simon Shaffer, standing committee. 
 
 The congressional conference met at the house of William A. Pet- 
 riken, in Pennsborough. Henry Yearick and Jacob Hummel, con- 
 ferees. George Kremer, Samuel McKean, and Espy Van Horn 
 nominated for Congress. 
 
 25th September, a senatorial conference met at Randall Wilcox's, 
 in Lewisburg, and John Ray was nominated as a canal man. 
 
 Governor Shulze had no opposition in the county, receiving 1062 
 votes, nor had Van Horn, McKean, and Kremer. For Senate, 
 John Ray received 929 votes; Middleswarth, 785. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 2d February, by Reverend T. Hood, John Chamberlin to Eliza- 
 beth, daughter of William Hayes, of Lewisburg. 21st February, 
 James Caldwell, of Lewisburg, to Isabella, daughter of James Dun- 
 can, of Centre county, i ith April, Jonathan Reedy to Miss Amelia 
 Buchner. July 20, by Reverend T. Hood, James F. Linn, Esquire, 
 of Lewisburg, to Miss Margaret, daughter of Hugh Wilson, of Buf- 
 falo township. 1 7th August, by Reverend T. Hood, Thomas Grier 
 to Mrs. Rachel Stratton, of New Berlin. In New York, by Reverend 
 Doctor Roberts, John Snyder to Miss Margaret Hammond. 31st 
 October, John Devling to Mary Wilson, daughter of Judge Hugh 
 Wilson. 19th October, by Reverend T. Hood, James Merrill, 
 Esquire, of New Berlin, to Miss Sarah Hepburn, of Northumberland. 
 2 2d October, by Reverend J. H. Fries, Jesse Mauck, of New Berlin, 
 to Miss Catherine Crotzer, of Mifflinburg. November 1 4, by John 
 Nesbit, Esquire, William Alsbach to Catherine Shively. December 
 26, by Reverend John Dreisbach, John Yost, of New Berlin, to Miss 
 Sarah Shaffer, of Buffalo. 
 
 ObiiMry. 
 
 Samuel Templeton died at his residence, near New Berlin, on Sat- 
 urday, February 18, aged seventy-two. He was born in Ireland, 
 and came to this country at the age of nineteen, and has since then 
 resided in this neighborhood. He has been for many years an elder 
 
1827.1 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 49 ^ 
 
 in the Presbyterian cliurch, and, by an exemplary life, gave evidence 
 that his profession of rehgion was sincere. He departed, after a long 
 and distressing illness, in full possession of his mental faculties, and 
 relying on the mercy of God, through the merits of our Redeemer, 
 for salvation. His children were : Alexander, David, Reverend 
 James, Ann, and Nancy, married to Doctor Charlton. 
 
 On Monday morning, February 20, after a lingering illness of 
 several months, John Mumma, Esquire, aged twenty-eight. His 
 remains were interred with masonic honors on Tuesday last. 
 
 At her residence, in Centre township, February 20, Mrs. Mary 
 Wales, consort of James Wales. — Times, February 25. 
 
 i8^>r- 
 
 Canal Meeting — Debating Societies — Mifflinburg Academy Estab- 
 lished — Borough of Mifflinburg Incorporated. 
 
 |LOUR in Philadelphia, in January, $6 per barrel. The 
 newspapers note the winter of 1826-27 as the coldest 
 since 1782. February 16, a public debate between the 
 Lewisburg Debating Society and the Mifflinburg Debat- 
 ing Society took place at William Taggert's tavern, at the Cross- 
 Roads. George A. Snyder, the president, awarded the victory to the 
 Mifflinburg society. A little newspaper war between the societies 
 resulted. William Cameron, Esquire, president of the Lewisburg 
 society, and Doctor William Joyce, secretary, cudgel the Mifflinburg 
 society in a pretty lively way, in the Times. 
 
 February 20, a meeting in favor of canals was held at Lewisburg, 
 president, Andrew McClenachan ; secretary, James Dale; committee 
 on resolutions, Dan Caldwell, Doctoj Thomas Vanvalzah, and Wil- 
 liam Haves. 
 
493 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1827. 
 
 April 2, Honorable George Kremer moved from Lewisburg to 
 the Stees place, adjoining Middleburg, and Joseph Hutchinson 
 opened store in the Kremer building. Under the act erecting cir- 
 cuit courts, Judge Molton C. Rogers held the first circuit court in 
 New Berlin, on the 9th of April. On the loth, Peter Gearhart 
 was put on trial for murder ; Bellas and Bradford for the Common- 
 wealth, Lashells and Maus for the defendant. (May 16, George A. 
 Snyder remarks : " Took Judge Chapman two and one half days to 
 try Henry Frock for stealing walnuts, while Judge Rogers, in April, 
 tried a murder case, two fornication and adultery cases, in three 
 days.") 
 
 14th April, act establishing the Mifflinburg academy. — Pamphlet 
 Laws, 322. Henry Yearick, James Appleton, Jacob Maize, James 
 Merrill, John Forster, Joseph Musser, Michael Roush, Thomas Van- 
 valzah, and John F. Wilson, trustees. Three trustees to be elected 
 annually by the people of the county. 
 
 April 13, the borough of Selinsgrove incorporated. — Pamphlet 
 Laws, 278. 14th April, the borough of Mifflinburg incorporated, 
 by the following boundaries : Beginning at a post on line of the 
 heirs of Jacob Brobst, N. 2° W. 362 ; thence along line of the 
 heirs of George Rote, deceased, N. 76° E. 118 ; by the same, S. 2° 
 E. 145 ; thence, N. 88° E. 120, to a post in the center of the road 
 leading from George Rockey's to Mifflinburg ; thence along the 
 center thereof, S. 2° PI, in a line between Michael Bartges, John 
 Charles, Conrad Mull, et al., 210; thence along the north side of 
 Limestone hill, S. 88° W. 240, to beginning. — Pamphlet Laws, 305. 
 These boundaries embrace the whole of Ensign Meen's, the south 
 half of Ensign Forster's, and part of the Elias Younkman warrantees. 
 
 July 30, John Musser's (Kelly township) still bursted, and scalded 
 himself, James Wilson, and the stiller. They applied to Jonathan 
 Spyker to "hex" the fire out of them. 
 
 August 2, William Hayes' store robbed of ^100. The taker con- 
 fessed, and Mr. Hayes let him off. Some few years since a person 
 from Lewisburg stopped over night at a farm-house in Ohio, and 
 recognized in the owner of the fine farm the penitent subject of Mr. 
 Hayes' clemency. 
 
 August 25, Lafayette Lodge, New Berlin, appropriated $40 to the 
 Greek fund, " to be applied in accelerating the cause of liberty in 
 
1827.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 493 
 
 Greece," and James Aiken returned to Lewisburg, after an absence 
 of two years. Doctor E. Appleton, of New Berlin, made a great 
 sensation about a recipe he had made for curing drunkenness. It 
 had a great run for awhile, but proved of no account. 
 
 loth September, Peter Nevius, constable, took charge of a party 
 of town boys convicted of an affray at Poak's, to convey them to 
 jail at New Berlin. On the Shamokin hill he pretended something 
 was wrong with the harness, and got out to fix it. The boys saw 
 their opportunity, and ran off. As some of them became prominent 
 citizens, remarkable for good works, it is not worth while to say who 
 they were. 
 
 9th October, John Dreisbach, Ner Middleswarth, Jackson men, 
 elected to the Assembly, over James Madden and R. P. Maclay. 
 14th, masonic procession at New Berlin. Sixty-seven appeared in 
 regalia. Reverend Fries and James Merrill, Esquire, addressed 
 them, nth November, John Sheckler's barn burned; fired by his 
 aunt, who is deranged. 21st November, snow storm, ground cov- 
 ered. December 4, Ner Middleswarth chosen Speaker of the House. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 February 13, John Yarger to Miss Margaret Kelly, of Hartley, 
 by Samuel Haupt, Esquire. April 19, Thomas Wilson, of Kelly, 
 to Mrs. Drake. May 10, John Housel to Margaret Musser, daugh- 
 ter of Jacob, Esquire. June 5, Saul McCormick to Catherine, 
 daughter of Reverend Thomas Hood. August 30, John Magee to 
 Susan Struble. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Thomas Shipton, Esquire, died in Middleburg, February 4, aged 
 seventy -four years. He officiated as justice of the peace for upwards 
 of thirty years, and was very highly esteemed. 
 
 Honorable John Macpherson died on the 2d of August, at his 
 residence, near Winfield. He served in the navy of the Revolution, 
 was badly wounded, and, on that account, received a pension from 
 the State. He was associate judge of Northumberland county for 
 twenty-three years. 
 
494 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1828. 
 
 September 26, Mrs. Conrad Foutz, aged eighty-eight, mother of 
 Mrs. Charles Cameron, was buried at Lewisburg. Her husband was 
 one of the rangers who, with the Groves and Samuel Brady, were a 
 great terror to the Indians. Conrad Foutz's grandson, General 
 Simon Cameron, was Secretary of War under Abraham Lincoln, 
 and his great-grandson, J. D. Cameron, Secretary of War under 
 General Grant. 
 
 i8^§. 
 
 List of Attorneys — Canal Located — Lewisburg and Mifflinburg 
 Turnpike Located. 
 
 ANUARY 5, Frederick Evans and Robert P. Maclay, 
 delegates to the State convention which nominated An- 
 drew Jackson for President. 
 
 List of attorneys attending February court, Union 
 county : James Merrill, John Lashells, John A. Sterrett, John Wyeth, 
 Charles Maus, Jacob H. Horning, and James F. Linn ; from Northum- 
 berland county, Hugh Bellas, Ebenezer Greenough, Alexander Jor- 
 dan, Charles G. Donnel, Samuel J. Packer, and Samuel Hepburn; 
 Lycoming, William Cox Ellis, James Armstrong, and Robert Flem- 
 ing ; Schuylkill, Charles A. Bradford, Esquire. 
 
 There was not snow sufficient for sleighing during the entire win- 
 ter, and arks passed down the river as early as the loth of February. 
 2 2d March, public debate at Lewisburg on the question: "Will 
 the present Government of the United States decline and fall?" 
 Affirmative, Isaac Slenker, J. F. Linn, and Jackson McFadden ; 
 negative, James Aiken, Doctor William Joyce, and William Nesbit, 
 Esquire; presiding judge. Reverend George Richmond; associates. 
 Doctor Thomas Vanvalzah, John Vandyke, Frederick Pontius, T. 
 R. Lewis, John Machemer, and John H. Hickok. People from 
 
1828.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 4gs 
 
 New Berlin, Milton, and all the Valley attended. A majority of the 
 judges decided for the negative, Vanvalzah and Lewis dissenting. 
 The debate was continued all the afternoon and evening. 26th, 
 news arrived that grain had fallen rapidly at Baltimore. All the 
 merchants lost heavily. Worth only sixty-five cents. Hayes settled 
 with his customers at seventy-two cents per bushel. 
 
 Sunday, 13th April, north-east snow storm prevailed. Laird 
 Howard, Francis Wilson, and James F. Linn, only, put in appear- 
 ance at Buffalo church. Mr. Hood thought it not worth while to 
 preach to three men. This snow storm did a great deal of damage 
 to fruit. 30th, Judge Rawle, Robert Farias, and William Wilson, 
 engineers to locate the canal, arrived at Lewisburg ; Rothrock, 
 draftsman ; Paul Geddes and Joseph Green, chain-carriers. 
 
 ^May 13, Isaac Slenker admitted to the bar. Judge Chapman 
 'remarked that he passed the best examination had before him in 
 five years. 
 
 July 13, Elijah Bacon made his appearance, and preached in the 
 Union church. 
 
 August 28, Messrs. Hayes, Caldwell, Cameron, Joyce, and Van- 
 valzah, who were representing the interests of the west side, returned 
 from Harrisburg, and reported that the canal would be located on 
 the east side ; Rawle estimating that the west side would cost ^340,000 
 more. Our people, however, believed it the result of intrigue and 
 good management. 
 
 September 1 1 , James F. Linn surveyed a route for the turnpike be- 
 tween Lewisburg and Miffiinburg. Alexander Graham, James Ged- 
 des, William Wilson, William and Daniel Cameron, Jackson McFad- 
 din, Robert Hayes, John Reber and, Thomas McGuire, went along 
 all the way. Started at eight, and reached Miffiinburg half-past 
 four, where Joseph Musser and John Machemer met the party with 
 wagons, and took them back. Straight course between the two 
 places, S. 71° 39' W., distance, eight miles thirty-four perches. 
 12th, the mill, house, and barn, late Adam Wagoner's, on Rapid 
 ruri, (now Cowan,) belonging to Jacob Baker's heirs, burned at one 
 o'clock last night. Family escaped with difficulty. This was the 
 
 1 Honorable Isaac Slenker studied law with the late James F. Linn, Esquire. 
 In 1862 he was elected Auditor G-eneral, and served from May 4, 1863, to May 1, 1866. 
 He died at New Berlin, April 17, 1873, aged seventy-three years. 
 
4()(> Ai\NALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1828. 
 
 second time the mill was burned in Wagoner's time, having been 
 burned once fourteen or fifteen years ago. Supposed to be the work 
 of an incendiary. 
 
 October i, West Branch division of the canal let at Milton; and a 
 horse-race between Petriken's gray and Doctor Getz's mare. The 
 gray led three or four lengths ; stakes, ^400. 
 
 September 28, Isaac Bockener, who lived on Colonel Ruhl's place, 
 died from the effects of an injury received at David Linn's clover- 
 mill. The water-wheel caught his leg, stripped the flesh off, and 
 gangrene set in. This mill was erected during this summer. 
 
 October 31, presidential election. Jackson electors had eighty- 
 seven, Adams six votes, in Lewisburg. 
 
 November 4, Subscription to the turnpike completed. Wheat 
 rose to ^i 25. 29th, the committee met to draft a petition for a 
 cross-cut canal to Lewisburg : William Hayes, James Geddes, Wil- 
 liam Wilson, Doctor Joyce, and James F. Linn. 
 
 December 22, James F. Linn commenced surveying the turnpike. 
 29th, he commenced locating, and got as far as James Harris'. Fin- 
 ished on the 30th. 
 
 Marriages. 
 
 3d January, William Miller, of New Berlin, to Miss Elizabeth 
 Myers. January 16, by'Mr. Hood, Jacob Derr to Isabella Hunter. 
 13th March, John Haus, late deputy sheriff, to Margaret Roush, of 
 Mifflinburg, April 8, Mrs. Abigail Iddings, widow of Isaac, married 
 to old Mr. Mackey, by James McClellan, Esquire. 28th May, by 
 Reverend Richmond, Abner Metzgar to Eleanor Lawshe. Novem- 
 ber 6, by Reverend T. Hood, Hugh McLaughlin to Frances, daugh- 
 ter of George Derr. nth, by same, John Forster, to Margaret, 
 youngest daughter of Doctor Robert Vanvalzah. 20th, Joseph Cham- 
 berlin to Nancy Deal. December 9, by Mr. Hood, David Duncan, 
 of Centre county, to Miss Susan Hayes, of New Berlin. 
 
i§i^9- 
 
 
 Union Hickory Newspaper — Supreme Court Personnel — An Un- 
 published Opinion. 
 
 HE winter of 1828-29 particularly unpleasant ; rain fell 
 daily for seventy days, and spring was fifteen days later 
 than usual, when the weather became suddenly warm. 
 June 17, most of the farmers commenced mowing. 
 Market price of wheat in May, ^i 40. 
 
 January 27, the turnpike let to John Maclayfor ^3 90 per perch, 
 the whole distance from Lewisburg to Mififlinburg. 
 
 February 17, a large meeting held at New Berlin to appoint dele- 
 gates to 4th of March convention. George Weirick and William 
 Kessler, Esquire, appointed delegates, with instructions to support, 
 first, for Governor, George Kremer ; second, Ner Middleswarth ; 
 third, Samuel D. Ingham ; and, if neither succeeded, to unite in nom- 
 inating a Jackson man, no way connected with the present Adminis- 
 tration, by blood or otherwise. 
 
 3d March, an appropriation made by the Legislature for the im- 
 provement of Penn's creek. 
 
 May 5 , William Carothers moved the Union Hickory newspaper 
 press from New Berlin to Lewisburg, and continued its publication 
 till April 13, 1830. In May, James F. Linn surveyed and laid out 
 the river road from Lewisburg to Selinsgrove. Jacob K. Boyer, of 
 Reading, who had done a large mercantile business, and bought a 
 great deal of wheat through Buffalo Valley, was convicted of passing 
 counterfeit money. He was said, by the district attorney, to be 
 32 4^7 
 
4g8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1829. 
 
 guilty of the most expert, extensive, and wholesale counterfeiting ever 
 known within the United States. 
 
 June 26, Supreme Court personnel : Gibson is a large, portly man, 
 somewhat corpulent, small eyes, black hair, clean shaven, noble 
 countenance. Rogers, small, thin-faced man, dark hair, no whisk- 
 ers, very intelligent countenance. Huston, tall, awkward, promi- 
 nent eyebrows, eyes deep set, large nose, iron gray hair, and short 
 whiskers. Tod, short, corpulent, red complexion, light hair, very 
 little of it, and that frizzled. Smith, short, fat, white headed, large 
 nose, large rolling eyes, stooping a little as he walks. 
 
 An Unpublished Opinion. 
 
 Sunbury, June 27, the news arrived of the nomination of Joseph 
 Ritner for Governor, by the Anti-Masonic convention, at Harrisburg, 
 yesterday. Justice Frederick Smith took his seat in the court-house 
 some time before the meeting of the court. Justice Rogers next ap- 
 peared, to whom Smith said : " Well, Mr. Rogers, whom think you 
 the Anti-Masons have nominated? " Rogers: " I have not heard; 
 have you?" Smith: "Yes, they have fixed on Joseph Ritner." "Why, 
 the damned fools, what do they think they can do with him. He 
 wont get ten thousand votes. Oh, the damned fools, ha! ha! ha!" 
 Justice Tod came in next, when Smith went on : " Well, Mr. Tod, 
 have you heard whom the Anti-Masons have nominated for Gover- 
 nor?" Tod: "No; have you? " Smith: "Joseph Ritner." Tod: 
 "Joseph Ritner! Joseph Ritner! Joseph Ritner! Well, I'll vote 
 for any Anti-Mason, any Anti-Jackson, Anti-canal candidate ; but 
 Joseph Ritner, I won't vote for him, by God ! " Then in sauntered 
 Chief Justice Gibson, and Smith began again : " Mr. Chief Justice, 
 have you heard whom the Anti -Masons have nominated for Gover- 
 nor?" Gibson: "No; who is it?" Smith: "Joseph Ritner." 
 Gibson : " Oh, hell ! " The chief justice whistled a slow march, and 
 took his seat without further remark. Justice Huston did not enter 
 until the court had proceeded to business, so that he delivered no 
 opinion on this momentous subject. — G. A. S. 
 
 This year is noted for its tremendous Anti-Masonic excitement. 
 September 15, Reverend J. H. Fries delivered an address before the 
 Masonic Wolf meeting, in New Berlin, when George Kremer and 
 
1829.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 4gc) 
 
 John Dreisbach were nominated for Assembly. August 29, the 
 Anti-Masonic convention nominated Ner Middleswarth and Philip 
 Ruhl. George Bogar, president. Delegates were, Union, Charles 
 Maus and George Bogar ; East Buffalo, William L. Harris and Peter 
 Voneida ; Hartley, Michael Peters and Daniel Speigelmyer ; White 
 Deer, Jacob Sypher and Christian Reichly ; Kelly, Joseph Spotts 
 and George Moyer; Mifflinburg, John Montelius and John Van 
 Buskirk ; West Buffalo, Henry and David Jordan. Joseph Ritner 
 recommended for Governor; county commissioner, William Betz. 
 In October, the Ritner vote in Union county was 2,068 ; Wolf, 
 for Governor, had 764; Middleswarth and Ruhl had each 1,914; 
 Kremer, 810; Driesbach, 971. For Governor^ Ritner had 61 votes 
 in Lewisburg, Wolf had 58 votes. 
 
 Horse races very common this year in and about Lewisburg. 
 August 20, occurred the one between Sargent's sorrel and " Tam- 
 any," of Milton. The Milton people came down and bet all the 
 money they had on their favorite ; watches, knives, and, in fact, 
 everything they had about them. Sargent's horse won by five to six 
 lengths. J. P. Ross used to relate the scenes of this day, and laugh 
 until the tears ran down his cheeks. He said the Lewisburg fellows 
 had to lend the Milton men money to pay their toll going home. 
 October 3, race between John Forster's horse and Silverwood's. 
 
 Thomas Sawyer and family left the Valley for Ohio. Road 
 from Chamberlin's mill to Kelly's saw-mill laid out. Farm of Ben- 
 jamin Schrack, deceased, appraised at $15 per acre. General Green 
 bought the Stedman farm, opposite Lewisburg, one hundred and 
 forty-seven acres, at $i(i per acre, cash. December 4, the first 
 snow fell. December 28, turnpike managers met, and the commis- 
 sioners appointed by the Governor reported it completed. 
 
 Manlages. 
 
 17th January, William Wilson (son of Judge Hugh) to Ruth Wad- 
 dell, of Centre county, by Reverend Mr. Todd, at Mifflinburg. 
 20th, Walter Devling to Eliza, daughter of Judge Hugh Wilson, by 
 Mr. Hood. February 17, Doctor Joseph F. Grier to Margaret, 
 daughter of A. Graham. February — , Peter Strayhorn to a daughter 
 of James Cornelius. Robert Forster to Miss. Jane Rutherford, of 
 
500 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1830. 
 
 Harrisburg. February 27, Abraham Amberg to Charlotte Brookes, 
 of ChilUcothe, Ohio, formerly of New Berlin. 28th April, Simon 
 Grove to Miss Mary Miller, of Reading. 20th May, C. H. Charles, 
 of Hartley, to Juliette Mann, of Tioga. 28th May, by Reverend 
 T. Hood, Robert Hayes to Emily Fields, (daughter of the bridge- 
 builder.) 31st, by Samuel Wilson, Esquire, Henry Benner to Miss 
 Moyer, of Union, nth June, George Aurand, Esquire, to Mrs. 
 Mary Royer. 23d, by J. F. Linn, Esquire, John Shaw to Margaret 
 Baker, at Jacob Musser's hotel. July 2, Daniel K. Hill to Barbara 
 A. Musser, Lewisburg. By Reverend James Kay, Christopher Woods, 
 junior, to Miss Maria Little, of Lewisburg. July 14, Israel Zent- 
 myer to Eve Snook, daughter of John, of West Buffalo. 4th Au- 
 gust, by James F. Linn, Esquire, Henry Myers to Hannah Walter. 
 nth August, L. B. Christ, Esquire, to Esther Bogar. September 
 22, by Reverend Nathaniel Todd, John A. Vanvalzah to Miss Re- 
 becca Chambers. 
 
 1830. 
 
 Weather Record — Johnny Morton — Census of 1830. 
 
 N the 1 6th of May, oak leaves made their appearance — 
 a very early spring — blossoms all off the trees by the 
 30th of April, except apple, which were in bloom two 
 or three weeks since. The month of July was excess- 
 ively hot. The 1 8th, 20th, and 2 2d, were the warmest days. Sat- 
 urday morning, in shade, ninety-three degrees; Monday, ninety-five 
 degrees; Wednesday, ninety-five degrees. 
 
 Officers of Lafayette Lodge : H. W. Snyder, W. M. ; George A. 
 Snyder, S. W, ; John Seebold, J. W. ; Doctor John Baskins, secre- 
 tary ; Henry C. Eyer, treasurer. 
 
 January 11, the New Berlin Anti-Horse-Race Association formed. 
 
1830.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. joz 
 
 Peter Beaver, president, John Mauck, secretary. February 22, 
 James Sargent fell off Kremer's boat, at the mouth of Brown's run, 
 and was drowned. March 2, a union agricultural association formed 
 at R. H. Hammond's, in Milton, embracing Columbia, Lycoming, 
 and Union counties. Dan Caldwell chosen president. March 12, 
 Samuel Reber opened hotel at Lochiel now. May i , Daniel Gott- 
 shall issued the first number of the Lewisburg Journal. May 28, the 
 Mifflinburg Anti-Horse-Racing Association formed ; Henry Yearick, 
 president, Frederick Gutelius, secretary. The road between Lewis- 
 burg and Mortonsville vacated, and the Turtle Creek road, at the 
 latter place, extended to the turnpike. June 12, William Linn sold 
 his farm in Kelly to Adam Stahl, for ^34 per acre. October 15, 
 farm of C. Nevius, deceased, sold to his son-in-law, Samuel Wilson, 
 at I40 per acre. October 21, George Ritter's farm, in Buffalo, sold 
 to Roan McClure for $36 25 per acre. August 10, Anti-Masonic 
 ticket formed at New Berlin : E. Greenough for Congress, S. J. 
 Packer for Senator, Ner Middleswarth and Philip Ruhl for Assembly, 
 Peter Hackenburg for commissioner. Democratic ticket : Lewis 
 Dewart for Congress, Samuel Bloom for Senator, John Dreisbach 
 and Jacob Wittenmeyer for Assembly. October 26, the first agri- 
 cultural fair was held at Milton. December 16, Abner C. Harding, 
 a student at law with James F. Linn, Esquire, was admitted to the bar.^ 
 
 Johnny Morton. 
 
 Johnny is now dead. I wonder that he lasted so long. Although 
 everybody called him ''Johnny," he never suffered himself to be so 
 called, without displaying a sense of offended dignity. " My name 
 is John," he used to say; " Johnny is a boy's name." He disliked 
 also the name of beer ; beer was trash, only fit for hogs ; "a bier 
 was a thing for the dead." 
 
 I General Abner C. Harding was born in East Hampton, Connecticut, educated at 
 Hamilton, New York, studied law at Lewisburg, and settled finally in tbe State of 
 Illinois. He was a member of the Illinois Constitutional Convention of 1848, and 
 served in the State Legislature in 1848-9-50 ; and was for ten years engaged in man- 
 aging railroads. In 1862 he enlisted as a private in the eighty-third Illinois, and 
 having been appointed colonel, served at Fort Donfelson ; was made a brigadier gen- 
 eral, and had command at Murfreesboro' in 1863. In 1864 he was elected to the 
 Thirty-Ninth Congress, serving with Honorable George F. Miller, another student 
 of Mr. Linn, in that Congress. He died at Monmouth, Warren county, Illinois: 
 July 19, 1874, worth, it is said, over $1,000,000. 
 
502 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1830. 
 
 Johnny's love of whisky and his hatred of beer afforded abundance 
 of amusement to the idle boys of New Berlin and Mifflinburg, who 
 flocked around him as soon as he made his appearance in the streets, 
 as did the small birds around the owl, who happens to be overtaken 
 in the daylight. " Johnny ! Johnny ! do you want any beer ?" was 
 shouted by the blackguards ; to which Johnny replied with curses, 
 and sometimes with stones. Johnny came to New Berlin one day, 
 and having drank, and run the gauntlet of the boys, laid himself 
 down upon the door -steps of the jail. The sheriff found him here, 
 and, with the assistance of two or three others, carried him into the 
 dungeon,^ and made all fast. A few hours afterward one of the 
 sheriff's family went to the door to make observations, and heard 
 Johnny beginning to stir, probably just waking. After muttering 
 something to himself, he was heard to say, " I wonder where I am ?" 
 and after a brief pause, '' Well, I guess I am in hell," and, seemingly 
 satisfied with this conjecture, quietly laid himself to rest until the 
 sheriff came to release him. — G. A. S. 
 
 Census, 1830. 
 
 White Deer, . . . . 1,295 
 
 Kelly, 739 
 
 Mifflinburg, .... 663 
 
 West Buffalo, .... 1,404 
 
 Hartley township, . . 1,730 
 
 Washington, » , . . 1,097 
 
 Perry, 1,050 
 
 Chapman, IJ094 
 
 One male and two female slaves 
 
 Lewisburg, . . . . 924 
 
 Buffalo, 2,130 
 
 Centre, ..... 1,952 
 
 Beaver, ...... 2,280 
 
 Union, 2,085 
 
 Penn's, 2,304 
 
 Total, 
 
 20,747 
 
 1 In all old jails was a room from which the light was altogether excluded, called 
 the dungeon, a relic of barbarism or popery now, happily abolished. 
 
1831. 
 
 Cross-cut Canal — First Temperance Society formed in the Valley — 
 Bethel Church Organized. 
 
 ARCH 22, news of the passage of the improvement act; 
 and its signature by the Governor, which includes the 
 Lewisburg cross-cut, reached Lewisburg. The town 
 was illuminated, cannon fired, and toasts drank. North- 
 umberland Bank incorporated. — Pamphlet Laws, a^gS. 
 
 April 12, A. Reedy's, deceased, stone house at Buffalo Cross- 
 Roads sold by his administrators to John A. Vanvalzah, for ^586. 
 
 May 10, price of grain in Philadelphia, ^i 25. May 12, Messrs. 
 Cameron, Vanvalzah, and Joyce returned from Harrisburg, having 
 succeeded in getting the cross-cut canal under contract. 
 
 "^ Penny saved is a Penny made — Old Adage. — Canal boat 'Mer- 
 chant's Choice,' Captain Blair, arrived here on Monday last, in 
 nine days from Philadelphia, with merchandize for Messrs. Comly 
 and Cadwallader. Her cargo was twenty tons. 
 
 12 for C. Comly, at ^10, , . . . . ^120 
 8 do. S. Cadwallader, ..... 80 
 
 ' ' These twenty tons by wagons would come to 600 dollars, at 30 
 dollars per ton, or |i 50 per cwt., the usual price. Now, what is 
 saved to us, the consumers, in this single trip ? Why, only ^400. 
 Sugars we used to pay 12^ cts. per lb. is now sold for 10 cents. 
 This is what we call canal politics." — Prick's Miltonian, May 14, 
 1831. 
 
 503 
 
504 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1831. 
 
 Mowing commenced in the Valley as early as the 8th of June. 
 
 4th July celebrated by the Lewisburg Guards and citizens, at 
 Brown's spring, below Lewisburg. James Aiken made an address. 
 
 28th September, the first temperance society formed at Lewis- 
 burg. Reverend Seiwers delivered an address. Only seven persons, 
 John Nesbit, Esquire, James Aiken, James F. Linn, Caroline Gra- 
 ham, Mary Irwin, Elizabeth Irwin, and Abner C. Harding joined. 
 
 During this year, the Bethel church in White Deer was organized 
 from members of the Buffalo Cross-Roads church \ elders, Andrew 
 McClenachan and Matthew Laird. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Mrs. Sarah Kelly, wife of Colonel John Kelly, 2d January. She 
 went to bed in her usual health the night before ; got up in the 
 night and made herself a cup of tea ; was heard to groan, and com- 
 plained of pain in her stomach. By the time the family were 
 awakened she was dead. She was a daughter of James Poak, sister 
 of Mrs. Darraugh. 
 
 23d May, Thomas Wilson, of Kelly, died. He was injured on 
 Thursday, 19th, by a log falling from the top of a wagon-wheel 
 upon him. 
 

 i83^. 
 
 Lewisburg Presbyterian Church Built — Laurelton Church Organ- 
 ized—Sketch OF Colonel John Kelly. 
 
 ARCH 4, General Abbot Green, delegate to the State 
 convention to form an electoral ticket. 5th, A. C. 
 Harding addressed the temperance society and sixty- 
 eight names were added. 17th March, over ^3,000 
 subscribed to build a Presbyterian church in Lewisburg, and Gen- 
 eral Green, Alexander Graham, James Geddes, Thomas Clingan, 
 William L. Harris, Doctor Thomas Vanvalzah, and William Nesbit 
 directed, as trustees, to go on with the building. 
 
 4th May, Samuel Oaks, Colonel Thomas Smith, and Abraham 
 Straub appointed to run the county line of Lycoming and Union : 
 Beginning at a marked red oak, 58 perches above Lafferty's run, S. 
 89° W., until it intersects the original division line between North- 
 umberland and Lycoming; thence along the same to the Centre 
 county line. — Pamphlet Laws, 458. 
 
 July 4, thirty-seven survivors of the Revolution still living in 
 Union county. Twenty -six joined in the procession at the celebra- 
 tion in New Berlin to-day ; among them were John Linn, Frederick 
 Bingaman, Hugh Wilson, George Engle, Christopher Seebold, and 
 John Wilson. Isaac Slenker, Esquire, delivered an oration, and 
 afterwards entertained the old soldiers at his house. Ice was then 
 just coming into use, and one old gentleman was observed picking 
 the pieces out of his brandy. He thought it was glass. 
 
 August 9 was observed as a day of fasting and prayer to avert the 
 
 505 
 
50b ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1832. 
 
 cholera. On the i6th Doctor Ezra Styles Ely preached at Lewisburg. 
 His delivery was rapid, but his discourse he seemed to make very 
 plain to every one. The Laurelton church was organized — an off- 
 shoot of the Buffalo Cross-Roads Presbyterian church. 
 
 Colonel John Kelly. 
 
 Colonel Kelly died on the i8th of February, aged eighty-eight. 
 The following sketch of him is taken from an address made by James 
 Merrill, Esquire, on the 8th of April, 1835, when the monument, 
 purchased by his relatives, was put in position with public ceremony. 
 
 Colonel John Kelly was born in Lancaster county, in this State, 
 in February, 1744. After the purchase from the Indians of 1768, 
 and before the opening of the land office in 1769, he came to Buf- 
 falo Valley, then a part of Berks county. Here he suffered all the 
 hardships and privations, which are inseparable upon the first settle- 
 ment of a new country. He was tall, about six feet two inches in 
 height, vigorous and muscular, with his body so inured to labor as 
 to be almost insensible to fatigue, and a mind so accustomed to dan- 
 gers, that dangers ceased to alarm. In the prime of manhood, and 
 in the vigor of health, with intelligence to understand correct prin- 
 ciples, and with firmness to adhere to them, it may well be supposed 
 that he took a commanding position among his fellows. He was a 
 captain, and a major at twenty-seven years of age, and when his 
 country called on her sons to save her from the fangs of a tyrant, 
 he was ready. At the very darkest period of the revolutionary war, 
 when all was lost, but honor and hope, and when hope was almost 
 buried in despair, in the fall of 1776, he volunteered to assist in the 
 protection of New Jersey. He was present at Trenton, when the 
 Hessians surrendered, and assisted in that most masterly movement 
 on Princeton, by which the chain of communications of the enemy 
 was broken, all their plans deranged, and their army compelled to 
 return to New York and its neighborhorhood, and to leave New Jersey 
 free to avenge her wrongs. When we consider the depression of public 
 spirit, how public confidence in the final success of our cause was shaken 
 by the battle of Long Island, and the losses of Fort Washington and 
 Lee, with most of our military stores ; when we consider that at one time 
 the American army numbered less than two thousand men, we would 
 
1832.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 507 
 
 not think it wonderful if all should have been given up for lost — and 
 so it would, if the stake had been less. But our people believed that 
 they had no right to abandon their cause of liberty. They were 
 bound to protect it for themselves, and upon their success depended 
 the freedom of their posterity. They must decide, whether or not, 
 their children should be slaves. They must decide whether all peo- 
 ple must bow their necks to the iron yoke of despotism, or whether 
 they might anticipate a time when free institutions should prevail 
 through the world. Our friend and his confederates of that day 
 might have retired into an ignoble and contemptible security. They 
 might have said, what is New Jersey to us ? We have homes and 
 firesides, which may be endangered. But they argued better : if 
 we refuse to come to the rescue, we cannot expect security. We 
 cannot propitiate the monster tyranny, by shrinking from our duty. 
 Influenced by these considerations, our friends went to the rescue of 
 our sister State. 
 
 Our friend joined the army fully resolved to do his duty. Then 
 was the time to test his vigor of body, as well as the firmness of his 
 mind. For three days at one time, there was no regular service of 
 provisions, and for more than thirty-six hours, at another time, they 
 were constantly on the march, or in action, without a moment's sleep 
 or giving up their arms. In the course of one of their retreats, the 
 commander-in-chief, through Colonel Potter, sent an order to Major 
 Kelly to have a certain bridge cut down to prevent the advance of 
 the British, who were then in sight. The major sent for an axe ; 
 but represented that the enterprise would be very hazardous. Still 
 the British advance must be stopped, and the order was not with- 
 drawn. He said he could not order another to do what some might 
 say he was afraid to do himself; he would cut down the bridge. 
 
 Before all the logs on which the bridge lay were cut off, he was 
 completely within the range of the British fire, and several balls 
 struck the log on which he stood. The last log broke down sooner 
 than he expected, and he fell with it into the swollen stream. Our 
 soldiers moved on, not believing it possible for him to escape. He, 
 however, by great exertions, reached the shore through the high 
 Avater and the floating timber, and followed the troops. Incumbered, 
 as he must have been, with his wet and frozen clothes, he, on his road, 
 made a prisoner of a British scout, an armed soldier, and took him 
 
S08 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1832. 
 
 into camp. What did Curtius do more than this ? If such an in- 
 stance of devoted heroism had happened in Greece or Rome, the day 
 would have been distinguished from all other days. A medal would 
 have been struck, and every means used to secure the everlasting re- 
 membrance of such a deed. In England such a man would have 
 been made a knight or a lord, with the thanks of Parliament. In 
 our poor devoted land such instances were too common to receive 
 especial notice. History mentions that our army was preserved by 
 the destruction of that bridge ; but the manner in which it was done, 
 or the name of the person who did it, is not mentioned. It was but 
 one of a series of heroic acts, which happened every day, and our 
 soldiers then were more familiar with the sword than with the pen. 
 As we have met to erect a marble tomb over the remains of that 
 individual, it is right for us to bring out this act into more bold 
 relief. 
 
 Let it be borne in mind, that at this time no arrangement had been 
 made respecting prisoners ; that the British commanders only admit- 
 ted that they arrested rebels, and not that they took prisoners of war. 
 Thus all who fought on our side, in addition to the common dan- 
 gers of war, might expect, if taken, to suffer an ignominious death. 
 After his discharge, Major Kelly returned to his farm and his family, 
 and during the three succeeding years the Indians were troublesome 
 neighbors to this then frontier settlement. He became colonel of 
 the regiment, and it was his duty to keep watch and ward against 
 the incursions of hostile Indians, through our mountain passes. At 
 one time our people were too weak to resist, and our whole beautiful 
 country was abandoned. Colonel Kelly was among the first to re- 
 turn — for at least two harvests reapers took their rifles to the fields, 
 and some of the company watched while others wrought. Colonel 
 Kelly had the principal command of the scouting parties in this Val- 
 ley, and very often he was out in person. Many and many nights 
 has he lain among the limbs of a fallen tree to keep himself out of 
 the mud, without a fire, because a fire would indicate his position to 
 the enemy. He had become well skilled in their mode of warfare. 
 One circumstance deserves particular notice. The Indians seem to 
 have resolved on his death, without choosing to attack him openly. 
 One night he had reason to apprehend that they were near. He rose 
 in the morning, and, by looking through the crevices of his log-house, 
 
1832.] . ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. sog 
 
 he ascertained that two, at least, if not more, were laying with their 
 arms, so as to shoot him when he should open his door. He fixed 
 his own rifle, and took his position, so that by a string he could open 
 the door, and watch the Indians. The moment he pulled the door 
 open, two balls came into the house, and the Indians rose to advance. 
 He fired and wounded one, and both retreated. After waiting to 
 satisfy himself that no others remained, he followed them by the 
 blood ; but they escaped. 
 
 For many years Colonel Kelly held the office of a magistrate of 
 the county. In the administration of justice, he exhibited the same 
 anxiety to do right, and the same disregard of self gain, which had 
 characterized him in the military service of the country. He would at 
 any time forgive his own fees, and if the parties were poor, pay the 
 constable's costs, to procure a compromise. While, by industry and 
 economy, his own pecuniary circumstances were comfortable and 
 easy, he seemed to desire the prosperity of all men, and most anxi- 
 ously to desire, that all neighbors should be friends. No man ever 
 in vain sought his interposition to reconcile conflicting interests, to 
 soothe angry passions, to stand, as the defender and protector of 
 the poor man, the widow, and the orphan. 
 
 He obeyed the injunction, "be given to hospitality." There are 
 few middle aged men in this country, who have not experienced 
 the cordial welcome, which every friend received at his house. It 
 is true, that so general is the hospitality of his neighborhood that 
 the want of it would be considered a great vice ; but in him it was 
 a part of the same character, indicating a freedom from selfishness, an 
 inability to enjoy fully God's bounties alone ; a feeling that a good 
 thing is rendered far more valuable by participation ; and a convic- 
 tion that the diffusion of happiness is not merely light in itself, but 
 the source of great joy to every well-regulated mind. 
 
 Colonel Kelly was an affectionate husband, and a kind and judicious 
 father, as well as a friendly and hospitable neighbor. 
 
 Thus have we seen our venerable friend performed his domestic, 
 social, military, and political duties in such a manner as to entitle 
 himself to the love and esteem of his neighbors, and to the thanks 
 and honors of his countrymen and of posterity. It may be asked, 
 could a man so punctiliously perform all those duties, and leave out 
 of his regard his obligations to his Maker? No, indeed, my friends, 
 
Sro ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1832. 
 
 he did not lack that crowning virtue. He was a sincere and an 
 exemplary Christian, and he adorned all his other virtues by exhibit- 
 ing a pattern of humility well worthy of imitation. Having no 
 anxieties who should be greatest in the kingdom of Heaven, he had 
 no striving who should be greatest in the Church on earth, his pro- 
 fession of religion was well sustained by his practice. 
 
 Towards the end of a long and active life, Colonel Kelly became, 
 by disease, incapable of much motion, and seldom left his home. He 
 seemed to be retiring from public view, and preparing to leave this 
 world when he should be called. He had that true characteristic of 
 bravery, an indisposition to fight his battles over again, and that 
 feeling of humility, that where a man has only done his duty, boast- 
 ing has no place. It is in some measure owing to this reserve 
 that our notice of his life must be so brief and so imperfect. He 
 seemed not to know, that other men would have done differently from 
 him; but to believe that whatever distinguished him from others, 
 arose mainly from the circumstances under which he acted. We 
 are of another generation, and his contemporaries have either gone 
 down to the grave, or through lapse of time and failing faculities, 
 are unable to give particular details. From himself, but a few glean- 
 ings from a life long and full of incidents, have been obtained. 
 
 His last end proved his character to be consistent. He met the 
 grim messenger calmly; "■ for he knew in whom he had trusted;" and 
 he could ' ' walk through the valley and shadow of death, fearing no 
 evil." Age brought its weakness, no doubt. The frame was bent, 
 and the muscles relaxed; but the mind — the immortal mind — could 
 not be obscured. It brightened more and more ' ' unto the perfect 
 day." He has passed beyond "that bourne, whence no traveler re- 
 turns." He has gone, we humbly trust, to that Heaven where " there 
 remaineth a rest for the righteous, and where the wicked cease from 
 troubling." Emphatically may it be said, that after a life well 
 spent, and in firm hope of a resurrection to immortal glory, at the 
 age of eighty-eight years, he departed, leaving his memory to our 
 care and his virtues for our imitation — -James Merrill, Esquire's, 
 Address. 
 
 Colonel Kelly's children were : James, who moved to Penn's val- 
 ley, and died there. He was the father of Honorable James K. 
 Kelly, United States Senator, of Portland, Oregon ; John, who also 
 
1833.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 511 
 
 moved to Penn's valley ; William, who married a daughter of Archi- 
 bald Allison, of Centre county, and died, January 27, 1830; An- 
 drew, a bachelor, who was born 1783, and died on the old place, 
 September 24, 1867, aged eighty- four ; Samuel Kelly, of Armstrong 
 county, Pennsylvania ; Elizabeth, married to Simeon Howe ; Maria, 
 married to John Campbell, of Lewisburg ; Robert, who died April 
 12, 1865, aged seventy-seven; Joseph, died March 2, i860, aged 
 sixty-six; David H. Kelly, Esquire, deceased, late county commis- 
 sioner of Union county. 
 
 I note, also, the death of Reverend Thomas Smiley, aged seventy- 
 three, born (in Dauphin county now) in 1 759, of Scotch-Irish parent- 
 age. Served in Colonel Curtis Grubb's battalion of militia. Ordained 
 in December, 1802. Settled in White Deer in 1808, where he estab- 
 lished the first regular Baptist church within the bounds of Union 
 county. 
 
 1833- 
 
 Methodist Church in Lewisburg Dedicated — The Presbyterian Church 
 Completed, and the German Church Commenced — Eain of Fire — 
 Court and Lawyers. 
 
 ANUARY 5, the new Methodist church, on Third street, 
 Lewisburg, consecrated. The weather was so warm that 
 the windows had to be opened. Sunday, 6th, Reverend 
 Mr. Steele preached in a. m., in the new church. Mr. 
 Hood in p. m. Weather still very warm. The i ith of January was 
 probably the coldest day of the year. 
 
 January 30, David Myers, of East Buffalo, who was kicked in the 
 abdomen by a horse, on Monday, 28th, died to-day. 
 
 March 21, J. F. Quay, J. F. Murray, and David Rockefeller ap- 
 pointed to run the division line between Lycoming and Union 
 counties. 
 
512 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1833. 
 
 May 31, Jesse Cornelius, miller, at Trester's old mill, on Turtle 
 creek, was caught in the machinery. Ribs, breast bone, &c., broken. 
 He died immediately. 
 
 July 26, Ephraim Darraugh's widow buried at Lewisburg. 31, 
 Presbyterian church building completed, and on the 4th of Au- 
 gust Mr. Hood preached the first sermon therein, on the text, " Re- 
 member the Sabbath day, to keep it holy." August 31, Thomas 
 Clingan, William Nesbit, Esquire, Robert H. Laird, and James F. 
 Linn were elected elders. 
 
 September 30, Reverend Mathew Laird married, at Mr. Hood's, 
 to Miss Harriet Myer, school-teacher at Lewisburg. They sailed, 
 on 15 th October, as missionaries to Africa. 
 
 October 15, Thomas Jones, inn-keeper, died. 18, Roan McClure, 
 after fifteen minutes' sickness. 
 
 November 4, a subscription was started, for the purpose of build- 
 ing a Union German Reformed and Lutheran church, on Third and 
 St. Lewis streets, in Lewisburg, to be called St. Lewis church, " in 
 honor of the original proprietor of the borough, and the benefactor, 
 (Ludwig Derr,) who gave three lots for religious use." 
 
 On 19th May, 1834, John Reber, John Snook, and Henry Noll, 
 elders ; Henry Noll and Ludwig Long, deacons of the German Pres- 
 byterian congregation, entered into an agreement with Jonathan 
 Spyker and John Gundy, trustees of the German Lutheran congre- 
 gation, giving the latter " the same privilege of the German burying- 
 ground, which Ludwig Derr, in his liftetime, gave to the German 
 Presbyterian congregation, being on lots Nos. 121, 123, and 125, 
 as well as an equal privilege of the church built or building on said 
 ground, to be tenants in common," &c. See deed book K, pages 
 173 and 174, (at Lewisburg.) In the year 185 1, the Lutheran con- 
 gregation bought out the interest of the German Reformed, the lat- 
 ter having built on the corner of St. John and Third streets. 
 
 November 13, from two o'clock until daylight occurred a fire- 
 storm, or the fall of small particles of fire, which appeared to extin- 
 guish a few feet from the ground. It was observed all through Buf- 
 falo Valley. 
 
 December 7, the first boats passed through the Lewisburg cross- 
 cut. December 29, Lorenzo Dow preached at Lewisburg. 30th, 
 Johnpterk, Esquire, of Beaver, a member of the Legislature, from 
 
1834.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. jrj 
 
 that county, visited Lewisburg. He is is a son of Walter Clark, de- 
 ceased, one of the first settlers on Buffalo creek. 31st, Mrs. Hayes, 
 mother of William, (merchant formerly,) died suddenly. 
 
 Court and Lawyers . 
 
 At September term the grand jury of the county, William Forster, 
 foreman, petitioned the Governor for the appointment of William 
 W. Potter, Esquire, of Bellefonte, as president judge, vice Seth 
 Chapman, resigned. On the i6th of December Judge Ellis Lewis' 
 commission as president judge was read, who, with Hugh Wilson 
 and General Adam Light, associates, comprised the court. George 
 F. Miller and Samuel Weirick, Esquires, were admitted to the bar 
 on the 15 th of May. 
 
 1834. 
 
 Eclipse of the Sun — Anti-School Meetings — Election Eeturns. 
 
 sRICE of wheat in Philadelphia, in May, ^i 10; in Sep- 
 tember, $1 04; corn, 64; rye, 65. There was no snow 
 during the month of February, and the weather was 
 ^ as mild as it usually is in April. On the nights of the 
 31st of May and the ist of June occurred a black frost so severe as 
 to kill the leaves of almost every species of plants in this part of the 
 country. Even the locust, a hardy tree, did not escape. Cherries 
 apples, peaches, and all orchard and garden fruits, except currants 
 and gooseberries, perished. Bears, missing their summer supply of 
 whortleberries, came down from the hills to feed upon the green 
 corn, and were killed in unusual numbers. It was interesting to see 
 robins, woodpeckers, and other birds now searching among the 
 limbs of the trees for caterpillars and other insects ; fortunately the 
 33 
 
514 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1834. 
 
 caterpillars were prodigiously numerous. During the summer, bitu- 
 minous coal was received at Lewisburg from the western part of the 
 State, by the canal, and sold at twenty-five cents per bushel. At 
 Hartleton, R. H. Kerr was postmaster ; and J. H. Seiwers was prin- 
 cipal of the academy at Lewisburg. 
 
 February 2, Lorenzo Dow died at Georgetown, D. C. March 
 18, Charles Sargent (son of J,ohn, inn-keeper,) found drowned be- 
 low Brown's mill. Has been missing since the i6th. He was de- 
 deranged. 30th, Mr. Hood preached his last sermon as pastor. 
 April 10, John Moore, merchant, of Lewisburg, died. Reverends 
 Henry Tarring and Oliver Ega, Methodist ministers for this circuit 
 this year. April 21, Joseph Evans, of Lewisburg, found drowned 
 in the canal at Selinsgrove. Job Harvey, a young preacher of 
 the Christian church, preached his funeral sermon. May 19, cor- 
 ner-stone of German church in Lewisburg laid. J. H. Fries, pas- 
 tor. June 19, Howard Vanvalzah, son of Doctor Thomas, fell 
 from the steeple of the new German church to the ground, striking 
 the timbers as he fell, his thigh and leg broken. He fell forty-five 
 feet. (He is still living at Lewistown.) June 30, news arrived of 
 the death of Reverend Matthew Laird and his wife, missionaries in 
 Africa. He died on the 4th of May, his wife on the 3d. Wed- 
 nesday, 9th July, thermometer at ninety-nine degrees in shade. 
 July 28, John Geary, an apprentice of David Ginter, drowned at 
 the upper landing in Lewisburg, last night. November 13, Pres- 
 bytery met at Lewisburg, and ordained and installed Reverend P. 
 B. Marr, pastor of that church. Sunday, 30th r\ovember, eclipse 
 of the sun. Began quarter before one, went off twenty-five minutes 
 past three. During its greatest obscuration it became very cold, and 
 it seemed like a bright, moonlight night, and one star was visible. 
 
 Anil-School Meeting. 
 
 Agreeably to public notice, the citizens of Union county opposed 
 to the school law passed at the last session of the Legislature, met at 
 the court-house, in New Berlin, on Thursday, the i8th September^ 
 when Henry Yearick, Esquire, was called to the chair; Robert Tay- 
 lor, Esquire, was appointed vice president ; and John Montelius and 
 John Snyder were appointed secretaries. On motion of the Honor- 
 
1834.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. s^S 
 
 able George Kremer, a committee of fifteen were appointed to draft 
 a preamble and resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting ; 
 whereupon, the following persons were appointed, viz : 
 
 George Kremer, Peter Richter, Doctor John G. Piper, Frederick 
 Pontius, Abbot Green, John Boyer, Frederick Kremer, John S. 
 Ingram, George Schnable, John Zigler, James Madden, Henry 
 Roush, Henry C. Eyer, John Snyder, John Reber, junior. 
 
 After retiring a short time, returned and reported the following, 
 which were unanimously adopted : 
 
 Whereas, The Legislature of Pennsylvania, at their late session, 
 passed a law known as the common school law, the principles of 
 which we consider dangerous to our rights and destructive of our 
 interests \ therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That, in the opinipn of this meeting, it behooves us to 
 use every honorable means in our power to procure a prompt repeal 
 of the law in question. 
 
 Resolved, That the chair appoint two persons from each town- 
 ship or borough in the county, as the case may be, whose duty it 
 shall be to act as delegates for their respective districts, and bring 
 with them the election returns, which will take place to-morrow, for 
 the adoption or rejection of the school law, and report the same to 
 this meeting. 
 
 Resolved, That should a school man, by mistake, be selected by 
 the chair, he shall be rejected by the anti-school delegate of that 
 district, &c., who shall have full power to supply his place with a 
 man opposed to the school law. 
 
 Resolved, That this meeting adjourn to meet again at the court- 
 house, in New Berlin, on Tuesday next, at one o'clock in the after- 
 noon, and that the present officers are again requested to preside, to 
 adopt further measures in relation to this oppressive law. 
 
 The following persons were appointed by the chair, as delegates 
 from the several townships, to meet in New Berlin, on Tuesday, the 
 23d instant, viz : 
 
 East Buffalo — Philip Ruhl, Peter Voneida, 
 
 Lewis burg — William Hayes, Jacob Zentmire. 
 
 Kelly — Laird Howard, George Meixell. 
 
 White Deer — John Rank, Jacob Sypher. 
 
 Union — John S. Ingram, Michael Benfer. 
 
5r6 AANALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. iVSU. 
 
 Chapman — Frederick Kremer, John Snyder. 
 Washington — John Boyer, Henry Hilbish. 
 Fenn's — Peter Richter, George Miller. 
 Perry — George Shetterly, senior, Joseph Schnee. 
 Centre — George Kremer, Henry Bolender. 
 Beaver — John Highley, John Shipton. 
 Centreville — Stephen Bruce, George Weirick. 
 Hartleton — James Madden^ George Ruhl. 
 West Buffalo — Robert Taylor, John Reber, junior. 
 Mifflinburg — Henry Yearick, John Montehus. — Times, Septem- 
 ber 19, 1834. 
 
 Anil- School Delegate Meeting. 
 
 At a meeting of the delegates appointed by the anti-school 
 meeting of the 18th instant, held at the court-house, in New Berlin, 
 on Tuesday last, Henry Yearick, Esquire, presided ; assisted by 
 John Montelius and Captain John Snyder, as secretaries. 
 
 The names of the delegates having been called, the following 
 gentlemen were present, representing the different townships, as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 Union — John S. Ingram, Michael Benfer. 
 
 Hartley — James Madden, Esquire, George Ruhl. 
 
 West Buffalo — Robert Taylor, John Stees, junior. 
 
 Mifflinburg — Henry Yearick, John Montelius. 
 
 East Buffalo — Philip Ruhl, Peter Voneida. 
 
 Lewisburg — George Schnabel, Jacob Zentmire. 
 
 White Deer — Jacob Sypher, Samuel Baker. 
 
 Kelly — John Hummel, Joseph Spotts. 
 
 Chapfnan — John Snyder, Frederick Kremer. 
 
 Pemi s — Peter Richter, George Miller. 
 
 Perry — George Shetterly, Joseph Schnee. 
 
 Centre — George Kremer, Henry Bolender. 
 
 Beaver — John Highley, John Shipton. 
 
 Washington — John Boyer, Henry Hilbish. 
 
 On motion of James Madden, Esquire, a committee of nine dele- 
 gates were appointed by the chair to draft a preamble and resolu- 
 tions, expressive of the sentiments of the delegation. 
 
 Whereupon, the chair appointed George Kremer, John S. Ingram, 
 
1834.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. ^tj 
 
 Peter Richter, Henry Hilbish, George Schnabel, James Madden, 
 Jacob Sypher, Philip Ruhl, and John Reber, junior. 
 
 The committee retired a short time and reported the following, 
 which were unanimously adopted : 
 
 Preamble and Resolutions. 
 
 Fellow-Citizens : Your committee view with deep interest the 
 law of our last Legislature, creating a system of education by com- 
 mon schools. They consider it as affecting the interests and en- 
 croaching upon the rights of the honest and industrious citizens of 
 the Commonwealth. They view the system as unwarranted by the 
 Constitution, and at war with the interests of every useful member 
 of the community ; as a system of education was only asked, and 
 not one of unjust and unequal taxation. For these reasons, and 
 others, we oppose the bill, urging our constitutional objections, and 
 will merely here state its local effects upon the county of Union. 
 
 The ^75,000 appropriated for common school purposes, of which 
 Union county will be entitled to about $1,100, is a fund arising 
 from the unpatented lands in this Commonwealth. Owing to the 
 scarcity of money, the law has, from year to year, been extended ; 
 but as this amount is now appropriated, and will be drawn out of 
 the treasury, consequently, all those whose lands are unpatented, 
 will now be compelled to pay, as the finances of the Commonwealth 
 will not warrant a longer credit. All men know its enormous debt 
 and embarrassed condition. 
 
 By the law in question. Union county must raise $2,200, double 
 the amount of the appropriation, to entitle them to the proffer made 
 by the Legislature. To this add our already exhorbitant State tax, 
 of about $3,000, and we have upwards of $5,000 to pay by taxa- 
 tion, for merely receiving the bill. 
 
 Agreeable to the law, the six directors are to divide each town- 
 ship into as many school districts, and build as many school-houses 
 as they may think proper; and this additional debt you will be 
 bound to pay by taxation, which will amount to at least $800 for 
 every township io the county, making a sum total of $17,000, adding 
 the other taxes imposed by this bill. 
 
 To this may be added the teachers. Suppose each township have 
 six teachers, who cannot be engaged at a less expense than $250 
 
5i8 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1834. 
 
 per annum, each, making a gross amount of ^1,500 per annum for 
 each township, the whole cost for this purpose in the county would 
 be $22,500. Deduct from this the ^^1,100 proffered by the Legis- 
 lature, and the people have $21,400 to pay for teachers, $17,000 
 for buildings, $2,200 for accepting the proffer — making a sum total 
 of $40,600, all to be paid by the people by various taxations. 
 
 Resolved, That five persons be appointed a committee to draw 
 petitions to be signed by the citizens of this county, praying the Le- 
 gislature to repeal the school law for Union county. 
 
 Resolved, That the chair appoint two persons in each township, 
 who shall have authority to appoint as many more as may be neces- 
 sary in each township to solicit subscribers to said petition. 
 
 Resolved, That the chair appoint a committee of five persons, a 
 corresponding committee to correspond with other committees in 
 this Commonwealth to procure a repeal of the school law in this 
 Commonwealth. 
 
 On motion George Kremer, John S. Ingram, and Philip Ruhl 
 were appointed a committee to prepare and publish a petition for 
 a repeal of the law in question. 
 
 The chair then appointed Peter Richter, John S. Ingram, George 
 Kremer, George Schnabel, and John Reber, junior, a committee 
 of correspondence, in accordance with a resolution of the committee 
 of nine. 
 
 On motion, it was then Resolved, That the delegates of this con- 
 vention act as township committees to circulate and procure signers 
 to the petitions praying for a repeal of the school law. 
 
 On motion of John S. Ingram, the secretary was called upon to 
 report the votes at the different township elections held on Friday, 
 the 19th instant; which was carried, and the following result ex- 
 hibited, viz : 
 
 Townships 
 Union, . . 
 Hartley, 
 West Buffalo, 
 Miffliiiburg, 
 East Buffalo, 
 Lewisburg, 
 White Deer, 
 Kelly, . . 
 Chapman, . 
 Penn's, . . 
 
 A gainst 
 
 For 
 
 School. 
 
 School. 
 
 205 
 
 — 
 
 144 
 
 30 
 
 187 
 
 7 
 
 67 
 
 41 
 
 87 
 
 3 
 
 55 
 
 71 
 
 26 
 
 52 
 
 70 
 
 7 
 
 71 
 
 1 
 
 198 
 
 55 
 
 Townships . 
 Perry, . . . 
 Centre, . . . 
 Beaver, . . . 
 Washington, . 
 
 Against For 
 
 School. School. 
 
 63 — 
 
 170 — 
 
 192 — 
 
 85 — 
 
 1620 
 267 
 
 267 
 
 Balance vs. school, 1353 votes. 
 
1834.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. j-zp 
 
 Poliiical. 
 
 Delegates to the 4th of March convention, " to oppose executive 
 usurpation," Simon Shaffer, William Cameron, Ner Middleswarth, 
 William L. Harris, George Weirick, and R. P. Maclay. 
 
 Delegate Meeting. — On Tuesday last the delegates from the dif- 
 ferent townships of Union county, representing the Anti -Masons, 
 assembled at the court-house, in New Berlin. Samuel Paulding, of 
 Penn's, was called to the chair, and Solomon Engle, Esquire, of 
 Centre, appointed secretary. 
 
 As soon as the meeting was thus organized, George Aurand, 
 Esquire, of Centre, rose, and moved that no delegate be received 
 in this convention, unless he be ?i pure Anti-Mason. This motion, 
 however, was postponed until after the credentials had been pre- 
 sented. 
 
 The credentials were then presented, in regular order, which com- 
 prised the following delegation : 
 
 Centre — Ge(;^rge Aurand, Solomon Engle. 
 
 Union — Henry Frock, George Schnee. 
 
 Mlffllnburg — Jacob Haus, David Eckstein. 
 
 Lewlsburg — Doctor I. S. Vorse, G. F. Miller. 
 
 East Buffalo — Peter Wise, Robert Laird. 
 
 West Buffalo — Samuel B. Barber, John Kutz. 
 
 Hartley — William Glover, Jacob Snyder. 
 
 Kelly — John Hiunmel, Joseph Lawson. 
 
 Penn's — Samuel Paulding, Philip Gemberling. 
 
 Beaver — Archibald Thomas, John Reger. 
 
 Washington — J. P. Hackenberg, Jacob Garman. 
 
 Perry — Michael Gougler, John Weimen. 
 
 Centrevllle — Jonathan Farnsworth, S. Bruce, 
 
 The credentials being thus presented in due order, when Lewis- 
 burg came in turn. Doctor Vorse rose and stated that a motion had 
 been made to expel any member of the convention who was not an 
 avowed Anti-Mason. He said he did not wish to act the hypocrite, 
 and consequently he would inform the convention that he was not 
 an Anti-Mason — that he was an anti-Jackson man — that he came 
 here to represent that portion of the borough of Lewisburg who 
 were opposed to Jackson, and that while he would perform such 
 
520 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1834- 
 
 incumbent duty, he wished it to be distinctly understood that he 
 had no claims to the character of an Anti-Mason. 
 
 Mr. Aurand then stated that as he was not a political Anti-mason, 
 he would move that he be not permitted to occupy a seat in the 
 convention. 
 
 Mr. Miller, his colleague, then rose, and hoped that the conven- 
 tion would not act rashly on this subject ; that Doctor Vorse was 
 not in an individual capacity, but serving as the representative of 
 the party in Lewisburg; that he had his instructions and would 
 conform to them. He hoped such a vote would not be taken. 
 
 Mr. Aurand, however^ persisted in the vote, which was taken, and 
 resulted as follows : 
 
 For rejection, 23 votes. 
 
 For retention, 2 votes. 
 
 Doctor Vorse was, therefore, ejected from the convention. He 
 rose, and returned his thanks to the meeting for their kind treatment; 
 and while he expressed his regret at having put the gentlemen to so 
 much trouble, he retired from any participation in the proceedings, 
 considering the decision a very curious one. 
 
 Mr. Miller then moved that Lewisburg be entitled to a full repre- 
 sentation, by suffering the remaining delegate to have two votes ; 
 but on the question, " Shall Lewisburg have a full representation?" 
 it was decided in the negative. 
 
 The convention then proceeded to make nominations, which re- 
 sulted in the following ticket : 
 
 J^'or Congress — Samuel J. Packer. 
 
 JFor Senate — Robert P. Maclay. 
 
 I^or Assembly — Simon Shaffer and Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 For Coroner — Jacob Aurand arid Daniel Winter. 
 
 J^or Commissioner — James Harrison. 
 
 For Auditor — Jacob H. Hummel. 
 
 For Trustees — Israel Gutelius, John Kutz, and Samuel Wright. 
 
 Mr. Aurand then offered the following resolution ; which was 
 adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That a committee be appointed to address James Mer- 
 rill, Esquire, on the subject of Masonry, and to request an explana- 
 tion on that subject, in terms which he may think most proper. 
 
1834.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 521 
 
 Whereupon the chair appointed George Aurand, J. P. Hackenberg, 
 and J. H. Horning, Esquires. 
 
 On motion, WilUam Glover and George F. Miller were appointed 
 conferees, to meet other congressional conferees at Milton. 
 
 On motion, David Eckstein and Solomon Engle, Esquire, were 
 appointed senatorial conferees, to meet similar conferees at Lewisburg. 
 
 The following persons were then appointed a standing committee 
 for the ensuing year, viz : Jacob Fryer, Jacob Haus, Joseph Lawson, 
 Matthew Brewer,, S. Weirick, George Schnee, and Jacob Snyder. 
 
 It was then 
 
 Resolved, That the convention adjourn, and that the proceedings 
 be published in all the papers. — Times, August 8. 
 
 Democratic Convention. 
 
 On Tuesday last, the following delegates, from the different town- 
 ships of Union county, met at the court-house, in New Berhn, to 
 form a ticket for support at the next general election, viz : 
 
 Union — Jacob Spangler, Jesse Beaver. 
 
 Buffalo — Hugh Wilson, junior, Samuel Reber. 
 
 West Biffalo — Robert Taylor, Thomas Forster. 
 
 Penn's — C. M. Straub, Isaac Hottenstein. 
 
 Chapman — John Snyder, Philip Herold. 
 
 Mifflinburg — Michael Schoch, Thomas McCurdy. 
 
 Lewisburg — John Nesbit, Joseph Hutchinson. 
 
 Centre — George Kremer, John Bower. 
 
 Hartley — George Roush, Andrew Cook. 
 
 Beaver — George Swartz, Thomas Youngman. 
 
 Perry — Philip Benner, George Shetterly. 
 
 Kelly — Alexander McClure, John Young. 
 
 White Deer — Samuel Baker, William Mackey. 
 
 The convention was organized by electing Captain Alexander Mc- 
 Clure, president ; Robert Taylor, Esquire, vice president, and Joseph 
 Hutchinson, secretary. 
 
 On motion, it was unanimously 
 
 Resolved, That no candidate, for any office, should be considered 
 nominated, who had not a majority of all the votes of the delegates 
 present. 
 
S22 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1834. 
 
 The following nominations of candidates were then made, and re- 
 sulted as follows : Senator, Isaac Slenker. Assembly, Captain Jacob 
 Hummel and James McClure. Commissioner, Peter Beaver. Auditor, 
 Martin Dreisbach. Coroner, Jacob McCorley. Trustees of the Mif- 
 flinburg Academy, Philip Pontius, Samuel Barber, and William Ir- 
 win. — Times, August 15. 
 
 OFFICIAL ELECTION BETITBNS. 
 
 Districts. 
 
 Union, . . , 
 
 White Deer, , 
 
 Kelly, . . , 
 Lewisburg, 
 East Buffalo, 
 West Buffalo, 
 
 Miff] in burg, , 
 
 Hartley, . . , 
 Centreville, 
 
 Penn's, . . , 
 
 Centre, . . . 
 
 Beaver, . . , 
 
 Washington, , 
 
 Chapman, . , 
 
 Perry, , . , 
 
 CONG'SS. SENATE. 
 
 216 
 P3 
 
 45 
 J 05 
 158 
 117 
 
 86 
 
 192 
 
 6 
 
 254 
 
 76 
 
 61 
 109 
 115 
 
 82 
 
 120 
 
 47 
 
 4B 
 
 55 
 
 137, 
 
 86' 
 
 48' 
 
 112 
 
 73 
 
 124' 
 
 1711 
 
 242 
 
 68 
 
 31| 
 
 41! 
 
 i 
 
 CO 
 
 241 
 105 
 
 64 
 134 
 148 
 114 
 
 75 
 
 191 
 
 5 
 
 233 
 
 55 
 
 49 
 100 
 102 
 
 84 
 
 Total 1716 1398 1700 1320 1389 1599 1745 1396 1866 1324 
 
 31 
 
 24 
 
 17 
 
 123 
 
 78 
 
 56 
 
 99 
 
 73 
 
 141 
 
 189 
 
 253 
 
 76 
 
 32 
 
 40 
 
 ASSEMBLY. 
 
 150 
 55 
 21 
 
 100 
 
 186 
 
 101 
 88 
 
 153 
 12 
 
 148 
 61 
 33 
 95 
 
 108 
 78 
 
 220 
 79 
 56 
 85 
 
 122 
 90 
 78 
 
 169 
 7 
 
 233 
 77 
 76 
 
 102 
 
 120 
 85 
 
 188 
 
 79 
 
 74 
 
 73 
 
 174 
 
 106 
 
 41 
 
 138 
 
 71 
 
 216 
 
 181 
 
 249 
 
 82 
 
 31 
 
 42 
 
 101 
 
 55 
 
 34 
 
 45 
 
 96 
 
 104 
 
 58 
 
 132 
 
 661 
 
 143 
 
 173 
 
 247, 
 
 78' 
 
 24' 
 
 40 
 
 SHERI'P 
 
 o 
 
 207 
 
 95 
 
 61 
 
 125 
 
 123 
 
 135 
 
 84 
 
 230 
 
 25 
 
 281 
 
 69 
 
 99 
 
 122 
 
 122 
 
 pq 
 
 142 
 
 47 
 
 22 
 
 27 
 
 148 
 
 66 
 
 34 
 
 80 
 
 60 
 
 133 
 
 187 
 
 230 
 
 73 
 
 29 
 
 46 
 
 Honorable Joseph B. Anthony was elected to Congress in the 
 district composed of Union, Northumberland, and Lycoming, by a 
 majority of 2,218, and Mr. Slenker in the district composed of 
 Union and Northumberland, by a majority of 1602. September 
 12, John S. Ingram retires from the Thnes, and James M. Kuester 
 took charge. He retired December 19, and Gabriel Yearick became 
 editor. 
 
1835- 
 
 Debate in the Lewisburg Temperance Society — Colonel Kelly's Monu- 
 ment Erected with Imposing Ceremonies — Fourth of July Celebra- 
 tions. 
 
 HE winter of 1834 and 1835 '^^^ very severe. On Shade 
 
 mountain, a pack of twenty wolves were found frozen 
 
 after the melting of the snow. They appeared to have 
 
 huddled together, perhaps exhausted with a long march, 
 
 and perished of cold and hunger. 
 
 On Friday evening, the 13th of February, the Lewisburg Tem- 
 perence society again met, and resumed the discussion of the pro- 
 priety of adopting the resolution, ''that the distillation and vendi- 
 tion of ardent spirits, as a drink, is morally wrong," which, it must 
 be known, had been discussed before by the society, and adopted 
 by a majority of four votes ; but the opponents of the resolution, 
 not being satisfied with the proceedings, on account of illegal votes 
 having been taken, as they alleged, it was, therefore, agreed by both 
 parties to re-consider the resolution. 
 
 The debate was held in the Methodist church. Mr. Merrill, Mr. 
 Marr, and Mr. Aiken for affirmative. General Green, Doctor 
 Joyce, Mr. Barber, and James P. Ross in the negative. 
 
 The first resolution : Resolved, That the distilling and vending 
 of ardent spirits, as a drink, is morally wrong. Second, that it is 
 expedient that the temperance societies of Pennsylvania adopt the 
 above resolution. 
 
 The vote on the first, yeas, 70; nays, 36. Second, yeas, 58; 
 nays, 30. 
 
 523 
 
524 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLBY. [1835. 
 
 February 24, Isaac G. Jones admitted to the bar.^ April 8, the 
 monument to the memory of Colonel John Kelly was erected with 
 impressive ceremonies, in the Presbyterian burial-ground, in the 
 borough of Lewisburg. A company of cavalry from Northumber- 
 land county, one from Union, with three infantry companies, par- 
 ticipated. Abbot Green was grand marshal, with Michael Brobst, 
 General R. H. Hammond, Colonel Philip Ruhl, and Doctor J. S. 
 Dougal as aids. The procession was formed by the adjutant, Colo- 
 nel Jackson McFadden, with the military, in front, followed by 
 the revolutionary soldier? and citizens ; after whom came the monu- 
 ment, drawn by four gray horses,, flanked by cavalry ; then the mar- 
 shal and aids, preceding the orator, clergy, and relatives ; lastly, 
 the ladies, and a section of cavalry brought up the rear. On its ar- 
 rival at the ground, the cavalry were stationed outside the burial- 
 ground, and the infantry formed a square about the grave, inclosing 
 the relatives, clergy, &c. The monument was set by the architects, 
 William Hubbard, F. Stoughton, Samuel Hursh, and Charles Penny ; 
 after which the grand marshal performed the rites of dedication, 
 and James Merrill, Esquire, delivered an oration. 
 
 On the 12th of April, Mr. Hood preached his farewell sermon to 
 the Milton congregation, and on the 19th, to the Buffalo congrega- 
 tion, thus closing with the latter a pastorate of thirty-one years. 
 On the 3d of May, Reverend Isaac Grier succeeded him at Buffalo 
 Cross-Roads. On the 31st of May, the German church in Lewis- 
 burg was dedicated. A great number of people in attendance. 
 
 The 4th of July was celebrated at Buffalo Cross-Roads by a meet- 
 ing, at which Colonel Philip Ruhl presided and James D. Cham- 
 berlin acted as secretary. Colonel Henry Noll delivered an oration, 
 and James C. McCreight read the Declaration of Independence. 
 The citizens of New Berlin and Hartleton united in a celebration at 
 Mifflinburg. James A. Cummings was grand marshal, and there 
 was a grand parade, in which Captain Forster's infantry, the Jack- 
 son guards, and the Lafayette troop, under the command of Cap- 
 tain Eilert, took part. 
 
 A fourth of July sentiment, of a partisan character, appeared in 
 the proceedings of the Miffiinburg celebration, contrary to an under- 
 
 Isaac Gr. Jones, Esquire, moved to Beaver, Pennsylvania, where he practiced 
 law until his death, March 30, 1853. 
 
1835.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 5^5 
 
 Standing that all political toasts should be suppressed. It appeared 
 among the proceedings, and was published accordingly. The fol- 
 lowing is the toast : 
 
 By J. H. Fries : Democrats, Jackson, and Anti-Bank men of 
 Pennsylvania, will you, or can you, suffer to be beaten after such a 
 glorious victory as you achieved in 1834? Lay all personal and 
 family desires aside, and think on the true and faithful saying : 
 "United we stand, divided we fall." 
 
 M'lliiary Election. • 
 
 Abbot Green, Esquire, of Lewisburg, in this county, was, a few 
 days ago, elected to the honorable station of major general of this 
 division. We believe this selection has given general satisfaction. 
 Henry Noll was elected colonel ; Samuel Reber, lieutenant colonel ; 
 John Gundy and George Roush, junior, majors of the forty-third 
 regiment. — Times, July 6. 
 
 At September court, politics were lively in New Berlin. A Wolf 
 meeting was held on Monday, a Muhlenburg meeting on Tuesday, 
 and a Ritner meeting on Wednesday. September 24, John Sargent 
 and family left Lewisburg, moving eight miles west of Meadville. 
 November 27, an explosion occurred in Charles F. Schafifle's drug 
 store at Lewisburg, in which he was badly burned. December 24, 
 Beck's tannery burned down. 
 
i§36- 
 
 Political Appointments — Accident on the Fourth of Julv. 
 
 INTER of 1835-6 was very severe; snow frequently 
 over twelve inches deep, and the river frozen to the 
 depth of two or three feet. Joseph Ritner having been 
 elected Governor, appoints his friends to office. Robert 
 P. Maclay succeeding Joseph Stillwell as prothonotary, and George 
 Aurand succeeding Samuel Roush as register and recorder. Ner 
 Middleswarth was elected Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 On the 1st of April, the Lewisburg, Penn's Valley, and HoUidays- 
 burg railroad was incorporated, and on the i6th of June an act was 
 passed re-districting the State. Juniata, Mifflin, and Union a dis- 
 trict, entitled to three members. 
 
 May 23, James Reasoner died. He had hitched his horse to a 
 post in Hartleton ; the horse frightened and pulled out the post, 
 and Mr. Reasoner, in trying to catch the horse, was struck with the 
 swinging post, and died from the effects. James McClune com- 
 menced his classical school in Lewisburg. 
 
 i6th June, Charles de Haas, engineer, commenced surveying the 
 Lewisburg, Penn's Valley, and Hollidaysburg railroad. He ran his 
 line up Cherry alley, Lewisburg. 
 
 4th of July celebration terminated unfortunately. Towards even- 
 ing, a party were firing a cannon at the foot of St. John street. 
 They had fired twice, when, in the act of ramming the third charge, 
 it exploded. Joseph McCool had his right hand blown off, and his 
 arm had to be amputated below the elbow. John Bower lost his 
 two forefingers. Peter Bower had his thumb torn off. 
 
 August 24, Kirkham, the grammarian, delivered a lecture in 
 
 Lewisburg. 
 
 526 
 
1837.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 527 
 
 October 5 , heavy snow-storm ; one and a half feet deep in Penn's 
 valley and on Buffalo and White Deer mountains. 
 
 November 4, James Merrill, Esquire, and William P. Maclay, 
 elected Senatorial delegates, and William L. Harris, Ephraim Banks, 
 and John Cummin, Representative delegates to the Convention to 
 propose amendments to the Constitution of the State. 
 
 183^. 
 
 First Abolition Lecture in the Valley — Shows — Report of the 
 Union County Agricultural Society. 
 
 []EBRUARY 5th, Philip Rorabaugh buried in the German 
 grave-yard, at Lewisburg, with military honors, aged 
 eighty-five. He was a hero of three wars, the Revolu- 
 tion, the whisky insurrection, and the war of 181 2. 
 March 15, Mrs. Dunlap's house, on Buffalo creek, a mile below 
 Chamberlin's mill, was burned last night ; Sally Gray and her son, 
 (both deranged,) John Young, about seventeen years old, and a son 
 of Joseph G. Wallace, eight years old, burned. There were eight 
 in the house ; four escaped. 
 
 April 17, Doctor Thomas Vanvalzah, and others, left the Valley 
 to settle in Illinois. This was the start of an emigration which has 
 made Stephenson county, Illinois, a counterpart of Buffalo Valley. 
 November 10, Miller McKim delivered his first lecture in Lewis- 
 burg on the abolition of slavery. On the 1 4th there was a meeting 
 which, upon a motion made to determine whether McKim should 
 be allowed to speak, ended suddenly in a small riot. 
 
 Shoms. 
 
 Shows have changed in character with the increase of population. 
 Welsh & Purdy's came through the county. They have collected 
 upwards of one hundred beasts, birds, and reptiles, in a great cara- 
 
^28 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1837. 
 
 van of wagons ; have an excellent band of musicians, and held their 
 exhibition under a huge pavilion, capable of containing five thousand 
 people. It is quite a grand spectacle to see them entering New Ber- 
 lin. In front marches the elephant, clad in red housings, with a 
 lofty saddle, on which are mounted two musicians ) next, came a 
 band of musicians, mounted upon gray horses, gaily caparisoned, 
 followed by a train of wagons, containing the animals. The whole 
 establishment embraced one hundred horses, all grays, and eighty 
 men. The hotels were open before daylight, and people gathered 
 in from the country as soon as it was light. The largest room in the 
 house was thrown open for dancing, and the fiddles only ceased with 
 the news of the entrance of the procession, to be resumed after the 
 procession, and continued until the call for dinner. 
 
 Union County Agricultural Society. 
 
 It is with regret that we notice so late the reports of three com- 
 mittees of this society, made on the 20th of October. They were 
 the reports of the committee on grain, on hogs, and on butter and 
 cheese. The way in which these reports came to be omitted in the 
 report published in the Union Times, of the 4th instant, was, that 
 they were handed to the former treasurer, who supposed that they 
 would be called for, and the present treasurer, not knowing that such 
 reports existed, they were omitted to be laid before the committee 
 on premiums. Consequently, the articles recommended in those 
 reports as worthy of premiums had no premiums awarded them out 
 of the funds appropriated for that purpose. These reports are now 
 noticed, because it is due to the producers of the articles noticed in 
 them. It is only to be regretted, that the funds of the society will 
 not afford them the premiums they merited. The following is an 
 abstract of the reports : 
 
 The committee on grain reported, that John Wilt, of Hartley town- 
 ship, produced evidence of the best yield of wheat per acre, accord- 
 ing to the quality of the soil, having raised thirty-Jive bushels off an 
 acre, selected out of a field of about eight acres, the wheat having 
 been cultivated alike. They report the soil as being of second-rate 
 land — a gravel shale — adjacent to limestone soil. 
 
 That Colonel Samuel Barber, of West Buffalo township, exhibited 
 
1837.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 3^9 
 
 evidence of the next best specimen of wheat, having raised forty- 
 bushels off an acre, selected out of a field containing eleven acres, 
 all cultivated alike. That the soil is of first rate limestone. Con- 
 sidering the quality of the soil, the committee awarded the first 
 premium to Mr. Wilt, and to Colonel Barber the second. The 
 committee also considered Colonel Barber worthy of a premium for 
 the best specimen of summer wheat. Francis Wilson's corn, being 
 seventy bushels of shelled corn to an acre, was also deemed worthy 
 of a premium. The committee also notice in terms of commenda- 
 tion Mr. Wilt's yield of corn; as also Philip Seebold's grapes; Sam- 
 uel Templeton's potatoes, having yielded eighty bushels per quarter 
 of an acre, (one single potato weighing four and three quarter 
 pounds;) Mrs. Merrill's sugar-beet, and Mrs. Shroyer's red-beet, 
 and Mrs. Schoch's cabbage. To some of these small premiums are 
 recommended, especially Mr. Seebold's grapes. 
 
 The committee on hogs awarded to John Clemmens a premium 
 for the best breed of hogs, considering their size and age. 
 
 The committee on butter and cheese recommended a specimen of 
 butter exhibited by Mrs. Margaret Pontius, as of a superior quality, 
 both in color and taste. 
 
 Joseph Stilwell, Recording Secretary. 
 
 Philadelphia Prices Current, October 21, 1837 — Grain: Wheat, 
 Pennsylvania, bushel, $i 55 ; Rye, 80; Corn, yellow, 93 ; Barley, 
 inferior, 83 ; Oats, 35 to 38. Spirits : Whisky, rye, 33 ; hogsheads, 
 31. Wool: American, full blood, lb. 50 to 63. 
 
 At the October election, Yearick, for Assembly, received 1,381 
 votes in Union county; Boyer, opposition, 1,666. 
 
 34 
 
183 
 
 Locust Year — Buckshot War. 
 
 HIS is the " locust year." I saw and heard them for the 
 first time this year on the lytli of June, and the last of 
 them were heard in the last week of July. They were 
 very numerous, and most of the oak trees in this neigh- 
 borhood bear witness of their labors ; the present year's shoots of 
 the branches being killed by the punctures this creature makes in 
 laying its eggs. The common opinion is that they re-appear every 
 fourteen years, (some say seventeen,) but I incline to think they are 
 by no means regular in their visits. The first time I saw them was 
 in 1804, when they were very numerous about Selinsgrove. In the 
 year 181 7, I saw them at Princeton, N. J. ; in 182 1, at Sunbury ; 
 at Selinsgrove, in 1832 ; and, lastly, here, (Milton.) A gentleman 
 who had a contract on the canal in 182 7-28-29, informed me that the 
 laborers frequently dug up this insect in the aurelia state, in the flats. 
 Their size diminished according to the depth beneath the surface. 
 Some were found at the depth of four feet, and were small, soft, 
 and entirely white. They do not make their appearance in all parts 
 of the country at the same period. — G. A. S. 
 
 To the Electors of the District composed of the counties of Union, 
 Juniata, andMifflln:^ 
 
 Fellow-Citizens : I have been in a deplorable situation for eight 
 or ten days past. I was elected your representative. As such, I am 
 
 1 Tills communication was published as an extra of the Union Times, Wednesday, 
 December, 19, and gives Mr. Montelius' reasons lor withdrawing from his party 
 organization at that interesting epoch in Pennsylvania political history, known as 
 the " Buckshot War," causing a collapse of Thaddeus Stevens' " Eump Legisla- 
 ture," as it was called. Mr. Montelius was commissioned associate judge of Union 
 county, February 27, 1845, by Grovernor Shunk, and died at Mifflinburg, March 31, 
 1864, aged eighty years two months and tweuiv-three days. 
 
 530 
 
1838.] ANNALS OF BLFFALO VALLEY. 531 
 
 bound faithfully to discharge my duty to you, to myself, to God, 
 and my country. You are already informed that there were two 
 Speakers elected on the 4th instant, in the House of Representatives. 
 With the information I had, and the advice of the friends in whom 
 I confided, I was induced to act here with the party who profess the 
 same principles with those of my constituents who nominated and 
 elected me. But full information, cool and deliberate reflection, 
 and warnings of my conscience, have convinced me that my party 
 friends here have mistaken their course, and that, as a faithful rep- 
 resentative, and an honest man, I was bound to retrace my steps, 
 do what I conscientiously beheved to be right, and trust to the im- 
 partiality of your judgment, upon a full and fair examination of all 
 the facts. Finding my political friends had done wrong, according 
 to my judgment, I withdrew from them immediately, and have 
 waited for several days to give them time to retrace their steps, and 
 to allow all concerned to arrange, peaceably and justly, the unhappy 
 difference that had arisen ; but finding this has not been accom- 
 plished, I have nothing left for me but to do that which I believe to 
 be right, and leave to those who would destroy our beloved State 
 the consequence of their rashness. Do not think I have acted rashly. 
 The step I have taken was taken deliberately and coolly, and in 
 obedience to my understanding of the constitution and laws of our 
 dear country. I am for peace. " Es wird meiner seek bange zii 
 wohnen bey denen die den frieden hassen.'" And I hope the course 
 I have taken may help to save our beloved Pennsylvania from blood- 
 shed and the horrors of civil war. The great question is whether 
 the majority shall rule, and upon this question I know you all think 
 with me. Now, all I have done has been done with an honest desire 
 to carry out this great principle in our free government, that the 
 minority must yield to the majority. And I am certain not one of 
 you, however strong a party man he may be, will blame me for 
 maintaining this principle. My constituents, particularly in Union 
 county, all know me, and I beg of them all, before they condemn 
 me, fully and coolly to examine the facts. I have not, in this in- 
 stance, acted as a party man, but I have acted honestly, and accord- 
 ing to my conscience. 
 
 In joining with my party friends in organizing the House of Rep- 
 resentatives, with the eight Philadelphia county members of the 
 
532 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1838. 
 
 Whig party, I thought these had been elected by the majority of the 
 votes of the county, and had been returned by a majority of the 
 judges, but I soon found that this was not true, and that the eight 
 members of the opposition party in the county of Philadelphia, had 
 been elected by a majority of about five hundred votes in the whole 
 county, and had been returned elected by a majority of the judges. 
 
 I am sorry to say that the Secretary of the State kept back these 
 returns, which I think was wrong. Under these circumstances, I 
 could not continue to act with men who had no right to their seats, 
 no more than my opponent had to mine. You would not, as honest 
 men, ask me to sanction so bad a principle, and it is that I know 
 your honesty that I have joined those who have been fairly elected 
 by the majority. My party opinions and principles have not 
 changed, and my future course will show that I am true to those 
 principles. On your calm judgment I rely. What I have done has 
 been done for what I believe to be your interest, and is approved 
 by my conscience. 
 
 I remain your friend, 
 
 John Montelius. 
 
 Hall of the House of Representatives, December 17, 1838. 
 
 On the 17th of December, Messrs. Butler and Sturdevant, of 
 Luzerne, and Mr. Montelius, of Union, appeared in the House, 
 over which Mr. Hopkins was presiding, and, after some remarks by 
 Mr. Butler, explanatory of their course, were duly sworn as mem- 
 bers, thus ending the contest. 
 
1839- 
 
 Aurand's Hotel Buened- 
 
 -PoLiTics — Obituary Notice of Reverend J. 
 H. Fries. 
 
 ANUARY 15, David R. Porter proclaimed Governor. 
 February 19, Samuel Aurand's hotel, at New Berlin, 
 burned. It was court week, and the house full of law- 
 yers, jurors, suitors, and witnesses. Some made narrow 
 escapes, with the loss of their clothing, as the fire broke out in the 
 night, when all were abed. April 5, John Egbert's stable, at Lewis- 
 burg, burned, with his horse and cow. This was followed by the 
 burning of Alexander Graham's and a number of others, caused by 
 incendiaries. 
 
 The Times, August 21, publishes the following as the "Demo- 
 cratic-Republican Anti-Bank ticket : Assembly, Doctor Isaac Hot- 
 tenstine ; Prothonotary, Samuel Roush; Register and Recorder, 
 Robert Forster; Commissioner, George A. Snyder; Auditor, Jacob 
 Wittenmyer; Trustees of the Mifflinburg Academy, Colonel Samuel 
 Barber, John Hilbish, and Charles Pellman ; and the following as 
 the "Abohtion United States Bank ticket:" Assembly, John A. 
 Vanvalzah; Prothonotary, Jacob H. Horning; Register and Re- 
 corder, John Glover ; Commissioner, Henry Hilbish ; Auditor, 
 Samuel Pawling; Trustees, Samuel B. Barber, James Simington, and 
 David Watson. Anti-Masonic candidate for Register and Recorder, 
 David Schwenck. At the October election, Vanvalzah's vote was 
 1,577. Average majority of his colleagues on the ticket in Union 
 county, 277. 
 
 In October, the banks in Philadelphia and Baltimore suspended 
 
 533 
 
S34 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1839. 
 
 specie payment, and the Northumberland bank was compelled to 
 follow. The directors of the latter bank, John Walls, Alexander 
 Jordan, John Taggert, &c., however, published a card, in which 
 they pledged their individual responsibility that all its issues should 
 ultimately be made good. 
 
 October 3, grew on the farm of Samuel Zellers, in East Buffalo 
 township, two pumpkins on one vine, one measuring two feet three 
 inches in diameter, and two feet five inches in length, and weighs 
 one hundred and twenty pounds; the other measures six feet eleven 
 inches in circumference, and weighs one hundred and seventeen 
 pounds. 
 
 November 19, Absalom Swineford, Esquire, admitted to the bar. 
 On the 8th of December, the new Lutheran and Reformed church, 
 at the place of the old Dreisbach church, in Buffalo township, was 
 dedicated. The building committee were John Sheckler, Samuel 
 Reber, Peter Engel, and Jacob Ritter. 
 
 Obiiuary. 
 
 Just Henry Fries died on Wednesday evening, the 9th of Octo- 
 ber, aged sixty-two years five months and sixteen days. For some 
 years before his death, he was deprived of his sight, but his astonish- 
 ing memory enabled him to give out the hymns in full, and preach 
 with a precision for which he was always noted. He refused to take 
 medicine in his last illness, saying he wished to die in the full pos- 
 session of his senses. His disease was of a very singular character. 
 In July he cut a corn on his toe, mortification took place, spreading 
 gradually, with intense pain, to his knee. Here it remained seated 
 in his knee, the pain having nearly ceased, when suddenly it com- 
 menced spreading, and affected his whole body. He is buried in 
 the Mifflinburg grave-yard. The grave-yard lies along a slope, 
 somewhat elevated above the town, which lies immediately in front ; 
 beyond it, west and east, extends one of the finest valleys in Penn- 
 sylvania. To the west, in the distance, are the jutting knobs ; and 
 to the north, the broad, blue side of the mountains, with quiet 
 nooks between ; and as far as the eye can reach, in the north-east, 
 are the breaks in the mountains, with the broad levels between, 
 which indicate the course of the noble Susquehanna. Thus does 
 
1839.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 535 
 
 his quiet grave still overlook the wide scene of his labors, while he 
 has gone to await the final issues of his care, as they shall gather 
 around him in the resurrection of the just. 
 
 Mr. Fries was remarkably open, honest, and true. His word 
 could be depended upon. He hated all sham and hypocrisy to 
 such a degree that he was constantly in danger of falling into a 
 blunt frankness, without giving due attention to that suavity of 
 manner, which is to an open heart what the fragrance is to an open 
 flower. He was fearless in preaching.^ 
 
 He was unnecessarily open and free with his political views. He 
 not only argued readily on this subject in private circles, but often 
 introduced political matters, with more or less plainness, into the 
 pulpit, referring even to candidates and parties. He also wrote 
 numerous articles for the papers during the heat of contests, anony- 
 mously, it is true, yet still so that their parentage was recognized by 
 many. This was one of his weaknesses, which his friends always 
 regretted, but which he was never able to see in its true light. He 
 was very kind hearted, which he manifested in great affection towards 
 his family and in kindnesses to his friends. His labors in the min- 
 istry were very extensive, and the complete statistics of his services 
 show an astonishing result, kc—HarbaugK s Fathers. 
 
 He was twice married, first to Catherine Groff, by whom he had 
 two children ; second, to Susanna Groff, by whom he had eleven. 
 Judge Henry W. Fries, late of Lewisburg, now of Iowa, is his son. 
 
 II have often heard quoted a remark he made in a sermon in Brush Valley: 
 "Money rules the world, but ignorance rules Brush valley."— iiwra. 
 
i840- 
 
 Weather Record — State Road from Heberling's to Elk Creek, Cen- 
 tre County, Located — Census of 1840. 
 
 ANUARY — , the deep snows of this winter, followed by 
 intensely cold weather, drove the wolves down from 
 Shade and Jack's mountain. A pack of thirteen attacked 
 and destroyed an ox near Beavertown. Friday, January 
 i6, was called the "cold Friday," thermometer being seventeen 
 degrees below zero. On the loth of February the ice broke in the 
 river, and passed off, and on the 4th of December the first snow of 
 the succeeding winter fell. 
 
 The following is the result of the elections held on the 5 th March, 
 in the borough and township, for and against the common school : 
 
 Borough of New Berlin. 
 
 For the school, 64 
 
 Against the school, 31 
 
 Majority in favor of the school, 33 
 
 Union Township. 
 
 Against the school, 154 
 
 For the school, 12 
 
 Majority against the school, 142 
 
 May 26, the commissioners, Anthony Wolfe, of Centre county, 
 Henry Noll, of Union, and Jacob Stitzel of Northumberland, com- 
 
 53(> 
 
1840.] 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 537 
 
 menced locating the State road from Heberling's mill, in West 
 Buffalo township, to Elk creek, in Miles township, Centre county, 
 through the Brush Valley narrows. James F. Linn was the surveyor, 
 David Wolfe and Henry Peters, chain carriers, and Colonel Samuel 
 Reber, axeman. July 4, a monument to the memory of Captain 
 Samuel M. Patterson was erected in the Presbyterian grave-yard at 
 Lewisburg, with appropriate ceremonies, by the "Union Hornets." 
 On the 19th of October, Reverend Thomas P. Hunt commenced 
 his series of temperance lectures, at Lewisburg, which gave a very 
 remarkable impetus to the cause through Buffalo valley. On the 
 29th, Reverend Hugh Pollock, from Belfast, Ireland, arrived and 
 took charge of the Lewisburg academy, made vacant by the removal 
 of James McClune to Mifiiinburg. 
 
 United States Pensioners Residing in Union County in 1840. 
 
 Centre, Conrad Swartzlander, aged 85. Union, George Miller, 
 81 J Jacob Bickel, 85 ; John Derr, 86. Mifflinburg, Peter Lenhart, 
 85 ; John Linn, 84. West Buffalo, Robert Barber, 89. East Buf- 
 falo, Jacob Mook, 86 ; Adam Schout, 86. White Deer, Joseph Bit- 
 ting, 8^. Hartley, Peter Klingaman, 85. 
 
 Census of 1840. 
 
 Mifflinburg, 
 Kelly, . 
 Buffalo, . 
 White Deer 
 Hartley, 
 Centre, . 
 New Berlin, 
 Lewisburg, . 
 West Buffalo, 
 East Buffalo, 
 
 704 
 
 788 
 1,348 
 1,252 
 1,866 
 1,891 
 
 679 
 1,220 
 1,460 
 
 812 
 
 Penn's, 2,280 
 
 Middle Creek, . . . 562 
 
 Chapman, 1,297 
 
 Perry, 1,254 
 
 Union, 1,630 
 
 Washington, . . . . 1,135 
 
 Beaver, 2,609 
 
 Total, 22,787 
 
 Samuel Roush, Esquire, was the deputy marshal, who took the 
 census of the south side of the county. Captain John Forster, dep- 
 uty marshal for the north side. 
 
1841 to i855- 
 
 Death of James Merrill, Esquire — Development of Iron Ore in the 
 Valley — Newspapers — Politics — Danville Encampment — Notice of 
 William Hayes — Millerism — Camp Potter — Liberty Party Formed 
 — Furnaces Built — Death of William L. Harris — Daguerreotypes 
 Introduced — Railroad Meeting — Accident at Turtle Creek — List of 
 Valley Soldiers in the Mexican War — Vote on License— Death of 
 John Lashells, Esquire, and G-eneral R. H. Hammond — Lewisburg 
 University Chartered — High's Mill Burned — The Last Battalion — 
 Taxables and Valuation — Census of 1850 — Susquehanna Railroad 
 Commenced — First Commencement at* Lewisburg — Railroad Excite- 
 ment — Union County Agricultural Society Formed — Lewisburg, 
 Centre, and Spruce Creek Railroad Company Chartered — Gtreat Fire 
 AT Lewisburg — Death of Honorable G-eorge Kremer — Union Fur- 
 nace AT Winfield Erected — Erection of Snyder County — Vote in 
 Favor of Division — Vote on the Location of the County Seat. 
 
 [1841.] In the spring, J. & M. Halfpenny started the Laurel 
 woolen factory, at the mouth of Laurel run, in Hartley township. 
 They built the Winfield woolen factory, near Laurelton, and removed 
 thither in 1851. The Presbyterian church, at New Berlin, was or- 
 ganized. Elders, John Lashells, James Merrill, and Joseph Stillwell. 
 Mr. Hugh Pollock published his pamphlet, entitled "The Present 
 State of America compared with England and Ireland." April 12, 
 the People's Advocate, at Lewisburg, suspended publication. Septem- 
 ber 4, S. K. Sweetman and D. O. E. Maize commenced the publica- 
 tion of the Independent Press at Lewisburg. In October, the vote for 
 Governor, in Union county, was : For David R. Porter, 1,568 ; for 
 John Banks, 2,132. October 29, James Merrill, Esquire, died at New 
 Berlin, after a lingering illness, from cancer of the face. He was 
 born at Peacham, Vermont, May 8, 1790. Eldest son of Jesse and 
 Priscilla (Kimbell) Merrill. Graduated at Dartmouth College in 
 
1842.] A-NNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 539 
 
 i8i2, in the same class with Honorable John Blanchard, and came 
 with him to Pennsylvania. He studied law with David Cassat, 
 Esquire, at York, and settled in New Berlin in 1816. As a jurist, 
 he soon became prominent in every department of legal science. He 
 was always upright and candid in all his professional intercourse, and 
 was a faithful and efficient advocate. He was a member of the Con- 
 stitutional Convention of 1 837-1 838. In the fall, the iron ore below 
 the mouth of Turtle creek was found to be of a superior quality, and 
 its development was commenced by Napoleon Hughes, of Franklin 
 county, a short distance above the site of the present furnace of 
 Beaver, Marsh & Co., a few hundred yards from the river bank. On 
 the 25 th of December, Nathan Mitchell and James S. Marsh com- 
 menced the manufacture of the " Hathaway Cooking Stove," at the 
 Lewisburg foundry. Current prices of grain at Lewisburg, Septem- 
 ber 18: Wheat, $1.20; rye, 50 cents; corn, 56 cents; oats, 33 
 cents; butter, 10 cents. 
 
 [1842.] Current prices at Lewisburg, June 11, wheat, $\.oo. 
 August 20, wheat, 80 cents. The military spirit of the Valley may 
 be inferred from the number of volunteer companies: Lafayette Troop, 
 Union Troop, Patriotic Blues, Union Rifle Rangers, Mifflinburg 
 Greens, and the Lewisburg Infantry. The Union Times, at New 
 Berlin, was published by Jacob Reichly & Co. , John M. Baum, editor. 
 The Independent Press, at Lewisburg, by S. K. Sweetman and J. F. 
 Busch. February 10, twelve, p. m., distillery of R. M. Musser, in 
 Kelly township, burned down. March 2, the Northern temperance 
 convention met in the Methodist church at Lewisburg. March 1 4, 
 Elder William Lane commenced his labors at Lewisburg. March 
 21, Jonas Kelchner, editor of the People's Advocate, at Lewisburg, 
 died, aged thirty-five. June i , the encampment at Danville was held. 
 General Winfield Scott was the distinguished guest. Lewisburg In- 
 fantry, Captain McFadden, and the Union Troop, Captain Vanval- 
 zah, were in attendance. June 6, the election for field officers of 
 the forty-third regiment resulted as follows : Colonel, Levi B. Christ ; 
 Lieutenant Colonel, Jacob Ritter ; Major, Robert B. Green. Inde- 
 pendent Battalion — Lieutenant Colonel, S. H. Laird ; Major, S. F. 
 Lyndall. July 4, General Abbot Green was elected major general 
 of the eighth division. 
 
 Union County Democratic Standing Committee — James Dale, Hon- 
 
540 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1843. 
 
 orable George Schnable, Jacob Reichly, Honorable John Baskins, 
 Thomas Bovver, Colonel Samuel Reber, Captain John Forster, Major 
 George Roush, Major John Gundy, Valentine Haas, Esquire. Dem- 
 ocratic convention at New Berlin, August 29, vv^as composed of the 
 following delegates: New Berlin, Samuel Wilson and Sem Schoch; 
 Union, Adam Miller and Jacob Wetzel ; West Buffalo, Elias Kleck- 
 ner and William Forster ; Mififlinburg, J. G. Chestney and Joseph 
 Eilert ; Buffalo, Jacob Ritter and Martin Dreisbach ; Kelly, David 
 Kelly and David Howard ; East Buffalo, James Reber and David 
 Herbst ; Lewisburg, John Walls and C. D. Kline ; White Deer, Sam- 
 uel Henderson and J. W. Drum; Hartley, Henry Charles and 
 Charles D. Smith. Henry C. Eyer was nominated for Senator, and 
 Samuel Reber for Assembly. Samuel Wilson, president,; Thomas 
 Bower, secretary. The Whig convention also met in August, and 
 nominated the following ticket : Congress, William L. Harris ; Sen- 
 ate, Ner Middleswarth ; Assembly, John A. Vanvalzah ; Register 
 and Recorder, Michael H. Weaver ; Commissioner, Solomon Engel ; 
 Auditor, S. H. Laird ; Trustees, Robert Chambers, William A. Pi- 
 per, Charles Montelius. This ticket is called, in the choice language 
 of the Union Times, The Anti-Masonic, Anti-Suffrage, Peg Beatty, 
 Blue Light, Federal Whig ticket of Union county. Vote in October : 
 For John A. Vanvalzah, for Assembly, 1,562; for Samuel Reber, 
 
 1,405- 
 
 October 29, the church at Laurel run, in Hartley township, dedi- 
 cated. December term, George W. Graham, Esquire, admitted to 
 the bar. December 13, Reverend S. H. Reed installed pastor of 
 the German Reformed church at Lewisburg. December 23, New 
 Berlin Artillerists organized by Colonel Jackson McFadden, brigade 
 inspector. Officers : Captain, J. J. Maclay ; first lieutenant, Mi- 
 chael Kleckner; second lieutenant, Charles D. Roush, and the 
 event celebrated by a dinner at Michael Kleckner's hotel. 
 
 .[1843.] In January, Honorable John Baskins resigned the office 
 of associate judge of Union county, preparatory to moving to Mer- 
 cer county, and on the 24th, B. F. Baskins was admitted to the bar. 
 February 17, William Hayes, merchant of Lewisburg, died, aged 
 sixty-one. His ancestors, John Hayes and Jane, his wife, with four 
 children, emigrated from Londonderry about the year 1730 — settled 
 in Chester county, where his house burned. He then moved to 
 
1843.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 541 
 
 Northampton county, where he kept public house and store. During 
 the Indian troubles, he used to beat a drum on the hill-top, near 
 his house, to warn the settlers of approaching danger. He died in 
 1788, aged eighty-three. His widow died at Derry, Northumber- 
 land county, aged ninety-four, in 1806. Of the four children born 
 in Ireland : i, William, moved to the State of Virginia at an early 
 period; 2, Isabella, married to Patton, whose descendants live near 
 Bellefonte; 3, John, died near Meadville, Pennsylvania; 4, Mary, 
 married a Gray, afterwards a Steele. Of those born in Pennsylva- 
 nia : 5, Elizabeth, married Thomas Wilson, (grandfather of Francis 
 Wilson, of Buffalo;) 6, James ;^ 7, Robert, born in Northampton 
 county, in 1742; 8, Francis, who moved to Tennessee; 9, Jane, 
 married a Brown, settled first in Virginia and afterwards moved 
 back to Pennsylvania. Robert married Mary Allison, and moved to 
 Northumberland county in 1790. He lived nine years on a farm 
 near Warrior Run church, sevea years at Derry, and in 1806 moved 
 to the farm in Delaware township, where his son Joseph lately lived. 
 He was a school-master, and at that time there were seven or eight 
 acres of the place cleared and two indifferent huts on the premises, 
 which he used as a dwelling and school-house. He died in 181 9, 
 and his children were: i, John, whose descendants live at Water- 
 ford, Erie county, Pennsylvania; 2, Jane, married to Moses Laird, 
 (father of Robert H. Laird, Esquire, of Lewisburg;) 3, William 
 Hayes, born in 1776; 4, James Hayes; 5, Joseph Hayes, who was 
 living a few years since, at the age of ninety ; 6, Mary Walker, who 
 died at eighty-four years of age; 7, Sarah Shipman, descendants re- 
 siding in Michigan; 8, Elizabeth, married her cousin Brown, living 
 near Franklin, Pennsylvania. William Hayes' wife was Mary, 
 daughter of William Wilson, of White Deer, now Kelly township. 
 Children : Robert and Thomas of Philadelphia, Mrs. Doctor Seller 
 of Harrisburg, Mrs. John Chamberlin, Mrs. Doctor Thomas Mur- 
 ray, James Hayes, late of the Auditor General's office, at Harris- 
 burg, Doctor William Hayes of Muncy. Mr. Hayes was the second 
 postmaster of Lewisburg, and held the office a long time, in con- 
 
 ' Lieutenant James Hayes served under Colonel Bouquet in the French and In- 
 dian war, and received for his services a tract of land at the mouth of Beech creek, 
 in Clinton county, on which he settled, raised a large family, and died. He is buried 
 in the Hayes grave-yard, so called from him, at Beech creek. He is the only one of 
 his brother officers who lulfilled to the letter his contract with the Proprietaries by 
 settling upon his allotment. 
 
542 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1843. 
 
 nection with his store, which was tlie principal one in the Valley for 
 many years. The late George A. Snyder relates the following inci- 
 dent of Mr. Hayes' early life in Lewisburg : 
 
 ' ' Soon after I commenced business in Lewisburg, said my old 
 friend William Hayes, I was so unfortunate as to lose an entire 
 cargo of wheat at Conewago falls. I was indebted to several per- 
 sons for money borrowed, and much of the wheat had been pur- 
 chased from the farmers on credit, who, being in easy circum- 
 stances, were content to leave the money in my hands, receiving 
 interest after six months. So heavy a loss to so new a dealer created 
 alarm. It was feared I should not be able to answer my liabilities, 
 and every creditor discovered that he had just then need of his 
 money. I paid out to every one who came, though with each pay- 
 ment my heart grew heavy, for it felt that I must be crippled, if not 
 ruined, before all were paid. One of my creditors, however, on 
 the day after I had paid him ^400, came to my store and returned 
 me the money, saying, ' by taking the money, I have been only 
 making sure to you the ruin which I apprehended ; take it back, I 
 can trust it to your honesty, and it will help you get afloat again.' 
 From that time I took courage and worked with a good heart, and 
 was enabled to become what you see." 
 
 In April, 1843, Isaac G. Gordon,^ a student-at-law with James F. 
 Linn, Esq., was admitted to the bar. 
 
 Millensm. 
 
 The grand delusion of this year was Millerism. A clergyman 
 named Miller undertook the task of ascertaining when that hour 
 should come "whereof no man knoweth ; no, not the angels of 
 God, neither the Son." Relying on the chronology of Rollin, and 
 seemingly not aware of the impossibility of verifying the dates of 
 the Old Testament writers, he confidently predicted that the visible 
 and personal reign of Christ would commence in the year 1843. His 
 preaching, vehement and fanatical in its tone, and the seeming 
 accuracy of his calculations, quickly gained him hearers and prose- 
 
 'In 1860-61 Honorable Isaac Gr. Gordon was elected member of the House from 
 Jefferson, &c., April 12, 1866, commissioned president jud^e of the twenty-eighth 
 judicial district, and in October, 1873, elected one of the justices of the Supreme 
 Court of Pennsylvania. 
 
1844.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 543 
 
 lytes. Miller was content to take the whole year for the fulfillment 
 of his prophecy, but some of his disciples had undertaken to fix the 
 precise day and hour. One preacher fixed on twelve, p. m., 14th 
 February. He and his little flock provided themselves with ascen- 
 sion robes, and repaired to the church-yard to await the resurrection 
 of their departed friends, and join them in their ascent. The clock 
 struck twelve, one, and two, but the graves gave not up their dead, 
 and the company gradually dispersed to their homes. 
 
 September 23, Wilham B. Shriner commenced publishing the 
 Lewis burg Chronicle. October 28, some little boys collected some 
 shavings at the new Presbyterian church, in New Berlin, and kin- 
 dled a fire, which burned M. Kleckner's barn, with his poultry, hay, 
 and oats, and almost set the whole town on fire. John Robinson, 
 principal of the Levvisburg Academy. In Union county, in Octo- 
 ber, the vote on the State ticket for Canal Commissioner was. Whig, 
 2,034; Democratic, 1,393. General Henry Frick, Whig, was 
 elected Congressman in the district by a majority of 249 over Hon- 
 orable John Snyder. Lewisburg market prices in November : wheat, 
 75 cents; buckwheat, 40 cents; rye, 44 cents; corn, 37 j^ cents; 
 oats, 25 cents; butter, 10 cents. December 20, the revival services 
 under the charge of Reverend William D. Grant, were crowned 
 with success, in the baptism of a number of persons this day, which 
 culminated in the formation of the first Baptist meeting at Lewis- 
 burg. December 31, Reverend Henry Harbaugh preaching in 
 Lewisburg. 
 
 [1844.] January 3, the Baptist church at Lewisburg was recog- 
 nized as such, with Reverend C. A. Hewitt as temporary pastor. 
 January 8, the new Lutheran church at Selinsgrove was dedicated. 
 February 29, the Presbyterian church at New Berlin was dedicated. 
 March i. General Henry Frick, member of Congress from this dis- 
 trict, died at Washington, D. C, aged forty-eight. He was interred 
 at Milton on Monday, 4th. He established the Miltonian Septem- 
 ber 21, 1 81 6. March 18, Charles G. Donnel, president judge of 
 the eighth district, died at Sunbury, of paralysis, and on the ist 
 of April, Joseph B. Anthony, of Williamsport, held his first court 
 at Sunbury. On the 5th, a special election for Congressman, vice 
 General Frick, deceased, was held. In Union county, James Pol- 
 lock received 2,086 ; Honorable John Snyder, 1,289. Pollock had 
 
544- ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1845. 
 
 5 majority in Northumberland county, and 154 in Lycoming. Sny- 
 der had 89 in Clinton. May 16, John Hayes, deputy surveyor of 
 Union county, died. Of his children were R. G. H. Hayes, Nancy, 
 William, David, Esquire, and James Hayes. July 4 was celebrated 
 in Brown's woods, at Lewisburg, four schools from the town and 
 two from the country joining. There were seven hundred Sabbath- 
 school scholars in procession, who were addressed by Reverends 
 Crever, Harbaugh, Zeller, and Sutton. August 27, Camp Potter, 
 on the farm of James F. Linn, in East Buffalo township, organized, 
 by the arrival of two troops and three foot companies, General 
 James Potter in command. September 2, Methodist camp-meeting 
 on the farm of Jacob Ziebach. September 14, large Democratic 
 meeting on the island, at Milton. Honorable James Buchanan 
 spoke, and assured his auditors that James K. Polk was as good a 
 tariff man as Henry Clay. The summer was noted for great efforts 
 in the temperance cause — the burden of the speeches an appeal to 
 the ballot-box. Reverend W. H. H. Barnes, who afterwards be- 
 came a backslider, and was murdered by guerrillas during the Mexi- 
 can war, canvassed the county and made a fine impression from his 
 eloquence in advocating that appeal. General Reily, of Rochester, 
 New York, also lectured frequently during this period. October 8, 
 at the gubernatorial election, Francis R. Shunk and General Joseph 
 Markle were the opposing candidates. Markle (Whig) received 
 2,721 votes in Union county; Shunk (Democrat) received 1,777. 
 For the sale of the main line of canals, 1,289 votes were cast, against 
 2,113. F. J. Lemoyne was voted for by the Liberty party for Gov- 
 ernor. November i, presidential election. Henry Clay had 1,024 
 majority. James G. Birney (Liberty party) had 8 votes in Lewis- 
 burg. The names of those who voted for the latter were John K. 
 
 Housel, H. R. Noll, Augstadt, Poeth, Samuel Evans, 
 
 Dennis Phillips, and James F. Linn. December 18, a Native Ameri- 
 can meeting was held in the court-house, at New Berlin, which was 
 addressed by Absalom Swineford, Esquire. 
 
 [1845.] Market prices at Lewisburg, March: Wheat, 75 to 80 
 cents; rye, 50 cents; corn, 37 cents. In June, wheat, 80 cents. 
 In October, 85 to 95 cents. J. M. Kuester editing the Pittsburgh 
 Daily in January. February 4, occurred the first deep snow of the 
 winter. It was over twelve inches in depth. April 30, James Kelly, 
 
1845.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 545 
 
 senior, opened a temperance house, on Market street, in Lewisburg. 
 July 7, the first metal made at the Berlin iron-works, operated by 
 Wilson, Green & Mitchell, was brought to Lewisburg. The Baptist 
 church at Lewisburg, that stood on the corner of Pine alley and Third 
 street, now the site of Music Hall, was built during the summer by 
 L. B. Christ, Esquire, contractor. August 9, John Wolfe's barn, in 
 East Buffalo township, was struck by lightning, and burned. Au- 
 gust 13, Honorable Hugh Wilson, late associate judge of Union 
 county, died, at three, p. m. , aged eighty-four. His wife, Sarah Craig, 
 was a daughter of Colonel Thomas Craig, of the third regiment, 
 Pennsylvania Line, afterward General Thomas Craig, of Northamp- 
 ton county. August 29, West Branch Division, No. 53, Sons of 
 Temperance, organized at Lewisburg. September 3, barn of George 
 F. Miller, Esquire, in East Buffalo, burned by an incendiary. Sep- 
 tember 28, Reverend Joel E. Bradley preached the first sermon in 
 the lecture room of the Baptist church at Lewisburg. September 13, ^, 
 first frost. October 9, Hugh Wjlsori^of Buffalo township, died. He ^ 
 moved to this Valley from Northampton county, and got here a few 
 days before Christmas, 1790. Lived the winter of 1790-91 in an 
 old cabin, on his father-in-law's, William Irvine, (Irish,) place, in Buf- 
 falo ; then kept tavern for two years, one mile above Miffiinburg, 
 (late John Kleckner's.) In the latter part of March, 1793, moved 
 to a place owned by Colonel Hartley, one fourth of a mile east of 
 Hartleton, on the old road, (late Yerger's,) where he lived five 
 years, and in the spring of 1798 moved to Lewisburg, where he kept 
 store in a log building, formerly Thomas Caldwell's, (which stood 
 where Doctor F. C. Harrison's house now is,) until 1804, when he 
 was succeeded by William Hayes, and then moved on to his farm, 
 one mile west of Lewisburg, where he died, lacking twelve days of 
 eighty-five years of age. His children were. Doctor William I. Wil- 
 son, of Potter's Mills, still living ; Mrs. William C. Steadman, Fran- 
 cis Wilson, and Mrs. James F. Linn. At the October election, S. 
 D. Karns, Whig candidate for Canal Commissioner, received 2,015 
 votes in Union county ; James Burns, Democrat, 1,416. October 
 30, Frederick Bingamandied in Beaver township, aged ninety years. 
 He was in the militia, under General James Potter, at Brandywine. 
 In November, Green, Howard & Green commenced erecting the 
 Forest iron-works, in White Deer township. November 11, Honor- 
 35 
 
546 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1846. 
 
 able William L. Harris died at four, p. m., from the effect of an op- 
 eration, performed between twelve and one, p. m., for the removal 
 of a tumor. He was highly respected, and as it was not known that 
 he was the subject of a disease, his death caused a great shock to the 
 people of the Valley. He was a member of the House in 1 833, and of 
 the Constitutional Convention of 1 83 7-1 838. In December, an artist 
 named Felch took the first daguerreotypes in the Valley. He charged 
 ^650 for a group of five in a small four-inch glass case. December 
 16, Charles Merrill, Esquire, admitted to the bar. 
 
 [1846.] January 8, a large railroad meeting was held at Mififlin- 
 burg, Henry Yearick, president, to urge the incorporation of a 
 company to make a railroad through the Valley. February 5, the 
 act to establish the University at Lewisburg was passed, (Pamphlet 
 Laws, 32,) and on the 5th of October, Professor Stephen W. Tay- 
 lor opened its high school in the lecture room of the Baptist church. 
 Friday evening, March 13, Thomas Follmer and his son Henry and 
 William Gundy, son of Major John Gundy, who were managing the 
 Farmers' company store at Turtle creek, were drowned at the mouth 
 of that creek. They were going in a boat, about ten, p. m., to visit 
 the store-house on the opposite side of the creek, and were on their 
 return, when the mill dam gave way, and the boat struck a timber 
 raft. William Gundy's body was found in the boat under the raft, 
 the next day ; the others were carried down the river, and their 
 bodies were found three weeks afterward, some miles below. The 
 flood in the river at this time exceeded that of 1810, being six and 
 one half inches above the mark of that date on Kremer's store-house. 
 The canal was broken, mails stopped, the Milton bridge badly in- 
 jured, the bridge on the North Branch, at Northumberland, carried 
 away, as well as the one at Duncan's island, and the Harrisburg 
 bridge in part. March 21, price of wheat at Lewisburg, eighty-five 
 to ninety cents. April i, the last sermon preached in the old stone 
 church, at Buffalo Cross-Roads, by Reverend Isaac Grier, from Mat- 
 thew, xxviii : v. 5. The congregation worshipped twenty nine years 
 and three months in that building. In August, Reverend Samuel 
 Shaetfer had charge of the Lewisburg academy. At the October 
 election, in Union county, James M. Power received 1,976 votes, 
 and William B. Foster, 905, for canal commissioner. November 15, 
 Baptist meeting-house at Lewisburg dedicated. November 27, John 
 
1847.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 547 
 
 Derr, a revolutionary soldier, died in Centre township, aged ninety- 
 three years. Monday, December 28, the Columbia Guards, after- 
 wards company C, second regiment. Captain John S. Wilson, 
 passed through Lewisburg on their way to the seat of war in Mexico. 
 They were provided with dinner by the citizens. Charles H. Shriner 
 delivered an address, and Colonel Jackson McFadden presented 
 them with a flag. 
 
 List of Soldiers in the Mexican War from Union county. 
 
 App, Jacob, Selinsgrove, company C, second regiment, died at 
 San Francisco, California, in October, 1849, aged twenty-four; 
 Best, Francis R., Mifflinburg, company C, second regiment, died 
 at Perote, June 30, 1847 ; Bower, Doctor Charles, surgeon ; Bruner, 
 William, Hartleton ; Cronmiller, Henry, Mifflinburg, Independent 
 rocket and howitzer battery; Forster, R. H., Mifflinburg, company 
 C, second regiment ; Leopard, Joseph, Kelly, company I, first reg- 
 iment ; Miller, George ; McFadden, Hugh, Lewisburg, company 
 C, second regiment, died at Perote, September 14, 1847; M!c- 
 Laughlin, William, Lewisburg, fifth United States infantry, died in 
 service; Montgomery, John C, company M, second regiment; 
 Nyhart, Peter, died January 14, 1849; Oliphant George; Quid- 
 dington, Thomas; Yarnell, Peter; Zentmyer, Enos, first regiment. 
 The survivors of company C returned to Danville in x\ugust, 1848, 
 and shortly after Lieutenant Clarence G. Frick returned the flag, 
 tattered by the storms of war, and little left beside the staff", to 
 Colonel McFadden, at Lewisburg. 
 
 [1847.] March 19, vote in Lewisburg against licensing taverns, 
 210; in favor of, 75. In April, price of wheat in Lewisburg was 
 ^i 30 to ^i 35. May 7, corner-stone of the German Reformed 
 church in Lewisburg laid. Reverend Doctor John W. Nevin 
 preached and performed the services. In April, the extreme dis- 
 tress in Ireland and Scotland, on account of failure of crops, caused 
 meetings to be held for their relief, and large contributions of money 
 and provisions were made by the people of Buffalo Valley. May 
 18, John Lashells, Esquire, died at New Berlin. He came to this 
 county from Adams county, and his legal experience was contempo ■ 
 rary with the county. He was buried at Buffalo Cross-Roads, on 
 
S48 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1848. 
 
 the 2oth, the following members of the court and bar attending : 
 A. S. Wilson, president judge ; Joseph Stillweh and John Montelius, 
 associates ; Hugh Bellas, Ebenezer Grenough, Alexander Jordan, 
 James F. Linn, Isaac Slenker, George F. Miller, Joseph Casey, 
 Samuel Weirick, D. W. Woods, R. B. Barber, William Van Gezer, 
 and Henry C. Hickok. June 2, General R. H. Hammond, who 
 was a paymaster in the United States army, died on board of a 
 vessel, between Vera Cruz and New Orleans, aged fifty-seven. He 
 served in Congress two terms. His body was interred with military 
 honors at Milton, on Monday, August 2. Independent Grays, of 
 Selinsgrove, Lewisburg Infantry, Danville Rifles, Lycoming and 
 Northumberland troops, Masonic fraternity, in full regalia, were 
 in procession; General Green commanding the military. In all, 
 over six thousand people in attendance upon the ceremonies. In 
 August, Alexander McClure was appointed postmaster at Lewisburg, 
 wV^ William Murray. On Saturday, August 21, a meeting favor- 
 ing the nomination of General Zachary Taylor for President, was 
 held at New Berlin. Honorable George Kremer presided ; General 
 Abbot Green, William Cameron, Jacob Reedy, Henry Yearick, 
 vice presidents; John Walls, Thomas Bower, and John M. Baum, sec- 
 retaries. The meeting was addressed by Henry C. Hickok, Esquire, 
 and Charles H. Shriner. September 15, a Democratic meeting, pre- 
 sided over by John Cummings, junior, recommended General Taylor 
 for President. In October, the vote in Union county for Governor 
 was, for James Irvin, 2,463; Francis R. Shunk, 1,479. October 9, 
 river rose very high, and the west half of the Buffalo creek bridge 
 was carried away, and lodged upon the river bridge. The river is 
 said to have been one foot higher at Lewisburg than it was in the 
 spring of 1846. October 20, Philadelphia synod met at Lewis- 
 burg, and was opened by a sermon by Doctor Yeomans, of Danville. 
 December 25, O. N. Worden became editor and publisher of the 
 Lewisburg Chronicle. 
 
 [1848.] January 8, the German Reformed church at Lewis- 
 burg, was dedicated ; the exercises were conducted by Reverend 
 H. Harbaugh, pastor, assisted by Reverend Messrs. Fishers and 
 Reverend Mr. Funk. It is situated on Third street, below Mar- 
 ket, and is sixty feet by forty — H. R. Noll, architect. In Feb- 
 ruary ground was broken for the academy building of the Univer- 
 
1849.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 549 
 
 sity. Noll and Crites had the carpenter work, L. B. Christ the 
 brick and plastering ; brick-work was let to Reed & Baker, paint- 
 ing to Metzgar & Munson. March 2, a meeting was held to 
 secure a suitable place for a cemetery at Lewisburg. The company 
 was incorporated April 10, (Pamphlet Laws, 446,) and in July they 
 purchased six acres from John Chamberlin, adjoining the western 
 limit of the borough. March 17, Reverend Thomas Hood died, 
 aged sixty-eight. He was born in Chester county, in July, 1781, 
 graduated at Dickinson college at the age of seventeen, studied the- 
 ology under Reverend Nathan Grier, of Brandywine, was licensed 
 in 1802, and was married April 16, 1803, to Miss Mary Haslet, 
 of Chester county. Mrs. Hood died November 10, 1840, and he 
 married Miss Hannah McClure, March 4, 1845. His children were 
 Mrs. Catherine McCormick, of Mill Hall, Clinton county, Mrs. 
 Mary Rutter, Mrs. Margaret Harvey, and Wilson Hood. June 6, 
 Charles L. Shoemaker, of West Buffalo, was kicked by a horse, and 
 died on the 7th, aged thirty-five years. June 14, J. S. Hawke sold 
 the Union Star to D. W. Woods, Esquire. The Union Democrat, 
 published at New Berlin, by J. Young. June 9, Lewisburg market : 
 wheat, ^i 06; rye, 60 cents; corn, 35 cents; butter, 12 cents. 
 October 10, Ner Middleswarth's vote for Canal Commissioner was 
 2,941 ; Israel Painter, 1,580. Joseph Casey had 1,333 majority for 
 Congress in Union county, and 223 in the district. In November 
 General Taylor had 1,473 majority in Union county. In Lewis- 
 burg, Taylor had 205 ; Cass, 124; Van Buren, 10. In New Berhn 
 Taylor, 79; Cass, 57; Van Buren, 5. 
 
 [1849.] January — , A. Kennedy appointed postmaster at Lew- 
 isburg, and R. P. Maclay appointed associate judge of Clarion 
 county. Doctor Thomas A. H. Thornton commenced the practice 
 of medicine at Lewisburg. The Berlin iron-works were blown out, 
 and Forest iron-works in the hands of the sheriff. Tlae California 
 gold fever reached the Valley, and on the 26th of February, R. B. 
 Green, David Howard, Cyrus Fox, W. H. Chamberlin, Frederick 
 Schaffie and John D. Musser, set out for California, by the overland 
 route. James K. Kelly, James M. Duncan, and others, left Lewis- 
 town for the same destination. March 5, Peter Struble, of West 
 Buffalo, aged about fifty-eight, was found dead on the public road 
 near Buffalo Cross-Roads. He had accompanied a newly married 
 
550 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1850. 
 
 daughter to her home in Lycoming county, and was returning 
 on foot, when death met him with a paralytic stroke. April 25, 
 High's flouring-mill, at White Deer, burned. Over ^5,000 worth 
 of grain destroyed. Kaufman & Reber bought the Forest iron- 
 works for $7,000. May 21 was the last of the battalions, one com- 
 pany only, the Lewisburg infantry, paraded. A great crowd of boys 
 and people from the townships had come to Lewisburg. "The 
 meanest battalion I ever seed," was the general expression. Octo- 
 ber 9, H. M. Fuller, candidate for Canal Commissioner, received 
 2,431 votes in Union county; John A. Gamble, 1,820. Colonel Eli 
 Slifer's majority over John Cummings, junior, for Assembly, was 
 617. Against a poor-house, 2,537 votes were cast; for, 910. No- 
 vember 5, James McClellan, Esquire, died, aged eighty-two. He 
 had lived over fifty years in the Valley, and was nearly the last of those 
 worthies who settled our Valley. He came from Chester county, 
 and married Mary Irvine, daughter of Captain William Irvine, of 
 the Valley. He was a school-master and justice of the peace for 
 many years. He was considered by many, who could not appre- 
 ciate his worth, as an obstinate man, the true reason of which was, 
 that he was firm in his opinions, and in nine cases out of ten right. 
 I never knew a man who was more willing to acknowledge his error 
 when he discovered it. Among his last expressions was, "when a 
 man came to die, this world and all its interests were of little ac- 
 count." He was a living encyclopedia of church history, and with 
 him passed away forever many interesting incidents of the early his- 
 tory of the Presbyterian church in Pennsylvania. — J. F. Linn's 
 Diary. 
 
 [1850.] January 2, H. C. Hickok, Esquire, takes the editorial 
 chair of the Lewisbwg Chronicle, O. N. Worden, publisher, and 
 Reverend Henry Harbaugh issues the first number of The Guardian. 
 February 26, report of James Marshall, John App, and Leonard 
 Wolfe confirmed, erecting a new township, which the court direct 
 shall be called Limestone. 
 
1850.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 55^ 
 
 Taxables. If^iZtt 
 
 Buffalo, 251 ^573,260 
 
 Buffalo, East, 198 282,842 
 
 Buffalo, West, 294 391,144 
 
 Hartley, 384 403'49S 
 
 Kelly, 209 299,007 
 
 Union, 346 44i>io5 
 
 White Deer, 315 233,575 
 
 Lewisburg, 428 168,782 
 
 Mifflinburg, 207 57)i47 
 
 New Berlin, 153 86,922 
 
 In April, Frick & Slifer removed their boat-yard to Lewisburg, 
 a pecuniary advantage both to the borough and the Valley, which 
 should be specially noted. April 18, Doctor Robert Vanvalzah died 
 at Buffalo Cross-Roads, aged eighty-five. He was born near Croton 
 river. New York, April 17, 1764, and when a boy of sixteen, he 
 served two tours in the militia with the Continental an"^y. He 
 came to Buffalo Valley in 1786, so poor, that one of the Beattys 
 gave him a shilling to pay his ferriage over the river at Sunbury, a 
 favor he never forgot, and repaid with much interest in providing 
 for one of the family for many years. He settled on Penn's creek, 
 and in connection with his father-in-law. Colonel Sutherland, built 
 the mills, two miles below New Berlin, lately owned by the Maurers. 
 He located at Buffalo Cross-Roads, about the year 1796, and his his- 
 tory is intimately associated with that of the Valley for sixty-four 
 years. His practice extended into the present counties of Mifflin, 
 Centre, and Juniata. Two of his sons, Doctors Thomas and Robert, 
 became eminent practitioners in the Valley, and his grandsons, in 
 the same profession, have been and are numerous and skillful. In 
 May, Reverend D. Y. Heisler was installed pastor of the German 
 Reformed church at Lewisburg, and a post-ofhce was established at 
 Forest Hill in West Buffalo township, on the Brush Valley road, A. 
 H. Lutz, postmaster. In April, wheat at Lewisburg was at 95 cents 
 to ^i 00, and in June, ^1 05 to ^i 10. June 7, Captain William 
 Housel died in Lewisburg, aged sixty-one. He served five years in 
 the regular army, was captured in 1813, taken to Quebec, and there 
 was exchanged, and rejoined his regiment. He was in the engage- 
 
SS2 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 [1851. 
 
 ments at Chippewa and Lundy's Lane, and was in Fort Erie when 
 the magazine exploded. He was buried with mihtary honors by the 
 Lewisburg infantry and the Cameron guards. Thursday and Fri- 
 day, July 1 8 and 19, a north-east storm raged for thirty-two hours. 
 Limestone run higher than ever known, and Chillisquaque creek 
 higher than known before in fifty-seven years. In October, Henry 
 W. Snyder had 2,172 votes for Auditor General; Ephraim Banks, 
 1,443. ■^o'" th^ judicial amendment, 1,45 1 votes were cast; against, 
 1,424. 
 
 Census of 1850. 
 
 Buffalo, . 
 Buffalo, East, 
 Buffalo, West, 
 Hartley, 
 Kelly, . . 
 Lewisburg, . 
 Limestone, . 
 
 1,346 
 
 970 
 
 1,007 
 
 2,142 
 
 834 
 
 2,042 
 
 807 
 
 Mifainburg, 
 New Berlin, 
 Union, . 
 White Deer, 
 
 783 
 741 
 
 1.452 
 
 1,537 
 
 Total, 13,631 
 
 [ 1 85 1 .] Honorable Ner Middleswarth was the Whig caucus nom- 
 inee for State Treasurer. The following post-offices were established 
 in January : Chestnut Ridge, Samuel R. Baum, postmaster ; Dry 
 Valley, J. Mitman ; Winfield, M. H. Taggert ; Crotzerville, H. 
 Heiser. In April, the old bridge at the mouth of Buffalo creek was 
 removed, and a new one commenced. The Sugar Valley and White 
 Deer turnpike received an appropriation from the State, and was 
 completed. Volksfreund, started at New Berlin, byF. & E. Smith. 
 April 26, Thomas Howard, in digging a ditch, near his residence, in 
 Kelly, dug up a tusk of a mammoth, ten feet long and nine inches 
 in diameter. It was found in a layer of blue clay, two feet below the 
 surface. In May wheat was 80 to 85 cents; rye, 50 cents; corn, 
 50 cents. May 26, the telegraphic wire was brought to Lewisburg, 
 and before night a message dispatched to Philadelphia, and an 
 answer received ; and a meeting was held favoring the construction 
 of the Susquehanna railroad, on the west side of the river, from 
 Sunbury to Williamsport. August 20, the first commencement of 
 the University at Lewisburg was held, and its first class graduated as 
 follows : Salutatory, J. M. Linn, Washington Barnhurst of Philadel- 
 phia, R. M. Fish of Beaver, George O. Ide of Philadelphia, J. M. 
 
1852.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 553 
 
 Lyons of Chester county, Henry Poraerene of Pittsburgh. Vale- 
 dictorian : J. H. Castle. The degrees were conferred by Professor 
 Taylor, and Professor George R. Bliss delivered his inaugural ad- 
 dress. Professor S. W. Taylor then took formal leave of the insti- 
 tution, having accepted the presidency of Madison university at 
 Hamilton, New York ; and Doctor Howard Malcolm was formally 
 installed president of the University by Thomas Watson, Esquire, 
 president of the board of trustees. October 14, vote in Union 
 county: For Governor, Wilham F. Johnston, 2,817 ; William Big- 
 ler, 1,949. For president judge, Joseph Casey received 2,379, and 
 A. S. Wilson, 2,283. 
 
 [1853.] March 1 3 , a railroad convention was held at Baltim ore , 
 attended largely by delegates from the Valley. April 15, Daniel L. 
 Miller, junior, Esquire, president of the Sunbury and Erie railroad, 
 visited Lewisburg and endeavored to interest the people in favor of 
 that road, but public sympathy was with the Susquehanna or Balti- 
 more company, and the railroad controversy was inaugurated, which 
 ended in 1855 with a division of Union county by a proposition 
 that the county commissioners should subscribe ^200,000 to the stock 
 of the road. This was done by Captain John Wilt and George 
 Heimbach, county commissioners, on the 28th of April. The 
 borough authorities of Lewisburg subsequently subscribed $75,000. 
 In May the Union County mutual fire insurance company was or- 
 ganized; John Gundy, president, J. A. Mertz, Esquire, secretary. 
 June 10, weather as cold as in December, a heavy frost on the morn- 
 ing of the nth. August 31, the largest meeting ever witnessed in 
 New Berlin assembled to take action on the railroad question. The 
 court-house being too small, the meeting convened in front of the 
 public buildings. John Swineford nominated R. B. Barber for presi- 
 dent, and took the ayes, but not the nays. He then read a list of 
 vice presidents and secretaries. The nays were again demanded, 
 and when put the whole organization was voted down. C. H. 
 Shriner attempted to offer a resolution, and Mr. Barber proceeded 
 to state the object of the meeting, but his voice was drowned by a 
 shout that compelled him to desist. Mr. Casey then nominated Hon- 
 orable Ner Middleswarth for president, which motion was carried. 
 He was helped into the wagon, and proceeded to state the object of. 
 the meeting. The repudiators of the bonds had retreated to the steps 
 
554 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1853. 
 
 of the jail to make another stand, when a delegation of them sallied 
 forth, seized the wagon, and carried off president Middleswarth and 
 his fellow officers around the corner towards Penn's creek. The 
 audience, however, kept its place, and the president returned and 
 mounted another wagon, when the meeting was addressed by Messrs. 
 Casey, S. C. Wilt, G. F. Miller, and resolutions passed approving 
 of the ^200,000 subscription to the Susquehanna railroad. 
 
 The watchword of the Democratic party this fall in the county, 
 "no more hay for Breyman's cow," arose from the fact that C. 
 Breyman farmed and pastured the public lots. October 12, for 
 Canal Commissioner, Jacob Hoffman received 2,555 ; William Hop- 
 kins, 1,807. Ner Middleswarth, for Congress, had 706 majority; 
 Adam Sheckler, for county commissioner, had 718 majority over 
 Philip Ruhl. 
 
 The Union County agricultural society was formed at the court- 
 house at New Berlin, Saturday, November 13; the East Buffalo 
 society, which had been in existence for a year, passed a resolution 
 calling the meeting for such organization. Martin Dreisbach presided 
 at this meeting, Samuel Weirick acting as secretary, and Jacob Gundy 
 presented a form of constitution, which, after several amendments, 
 was adopted. Jacob Gundy was elected president of the society; 
 Samuel Shedle, of Perry, and others, vice presidents; R. H. Laird, 
 treasurer; R. V. B. Lincoln, assistant secretary; O. N. Worden, 
 recording secretary; Samuel Weirick, librarian; executive commit- 
 tee, James P. Ross, Isaac Slenker, and Henry W. Snyder. Li No- 
 vember, Nesbit Hayes and Fichthorn commenced erecting the first 
 steam flouring-mill, upon W^ater street, in Lewisburg. December 
 14, at a meeting held at New Berlin the Crawford county system of 
 voting directly for candidates was proposed. Joseph Casey, Esquire, 
 Israel Gutelius, and John Wilt favoring its introduction. Ner Mid- 
 dleswarth, D. A. Woods, Samuel Weirick, and James Marshall, op- 
 posing. It was finally agreed to try the system for one year. 
 
 [1853.] February 11, a meeting was held at Potter's Fort tavern 
 favorable to building a railroad from Lewisburg to Spruce creek, 
 and on the 12th of April, the Lewisburg, Centre, and Spruce Creek 
 railroad company was incorporated, and on the T6th of May Thomas 
 A. Emmett, with a corps of engineers, commenced the survey. 
 April 20, the Lewisburg saving institution was incorporated ; books 
 
1854.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 555 
 
 were opened on the 23d of June, and two hundred shares taken. It 
 commenced business September 19, with William Cameron as presi- 
 dent, H. P. Sheller, cashier. In October, the vote in Union county- 
 was, for Thomas A. Budd, judge of the Supreme Court, 2,616 ; 
 John C. Knox, 1,521. On 13th and 14th of October, " The Union 
 County agricultural society" held its fair at New Berlin ; two hun- 
 dred and seventy five articles were entered for competition, and a 
 plowing match came off. October 15, Frick, Slifer & Co.'s steam 
 saw-mill burned down, with the newly erected county bridge, three 
 boats, &c. Captain John Forster appointed postmaster at Mifflin- 
 burg, and Henry W. Crotzer, at Lewisburg. December 9, the 
 workmen on the Susquehanna railroad, about two and a half miles 
 below Lewisburg, on Major John Gundy's farm, came upon the 
 skeleton of a full grown person covered with stones. The bones 
 crumbled on exposure. The site was on the side of a steep and 
 almost impassible hill, and the body must have been deposited there 
 with considerable effort. 
 
 [1854.] In April, price of wheatwas ^i 50; rye, 75 cents; corn, 
 55 cents. In June, wheat advanced to ^i 87. At February term 
 Jackson township was formed, out of parts of Penn's, Middle Creek, 
 Limestone, and Union townships. In June, Professor J. S. Whit- 
 man was elected the first superintendent of public schools for Union 
 county, with a salary of I300, and one hundred and fifty schools to 
 oversee. July 15, W. A. Patterson, of Kelly, died, in his eighty- 
 third year. He held a pen in his hand, preparatory to signing a 
 note, when the "grim messenger" came, and he died before mak- 
 ing a mark. Honorable George Kremer died, near Middleburg, on 
 Sunday, September to, aged seventy-nine. His last public appear- 
 ance was in July, 1847, when he presided over a public meeting, 
 held at New Berhn, to advocate the election of General Taylor to 
 the presidency. He was buried in the family burying- ground, on 
 his own farm, on Wednesday, attended by a large concourse of peo- 
 ple. The new Christian chapel, on Third street, below Market, in 
 Lewisburg, was built this year. At the election, in October, James 
 Pollock had 2,881, and William Bigler, 1,913, for Governor in 
 Union county. The vote in the county for a prohibitory liquor law 
 was 1,440; against, 2,614. In October, the Union furnace at Win- 
 field was built by Beaver, Marsh & Co. The University extension 
 
5i-6 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. [1855. 
 
 of the town plan of Lewisburg laid out by Reverend A. K; Bell, 
 treasurer of the University, and James F. Linn, surveyor. 
 
 [1855.] Wheat, in March, $2 00 ; rye, $\ 00 ; corn, 75 cents ; 
 butter, 16 cents; eggs, 12 cents. Chronicle published by O. N. Wor- 
 den and J. R. Cornelius, Henry C. Hickok having been appointed 
 Deputy Superintendent of Public Schools. Thursday evening, 
 January 18, Clinton Welch, Esquire, a lawyer from Lewisburg, was 
 drowned in the Delaware, at Philadelphia. March 2, the act creat- 
 ing a new county^ to be called Snyder, out of Union, was approved. 
 The election provided for therein was held on the 14th of March. 
 The vote was as follows : 
 
 For. Against. 
 
 Buffalo, 189 84 
 
 Buffalo, East, 175 4 
 
 Buffalo, West, 114 62 
 
 Hartley, 152 191 
 
 Kelly, 143 22 
 
 Lewisburg, 485 i 
 
 Limestone, 3 60 
 
 Mifflinburg, 69 92 
 
 White Deer, 254 21 
 
 In the county the vote stood, for division, 1,688 ; against, 1,643. 
 In May, Union seminary at New Berlin was established. Reverend 
 W. W. Orwig, president; Reverend F. C. Hendricks and Hoffman, 
 professors. October 9, the election was held to determine the site 
 of the county seat, Lewisburg and Mifflinburg were the competing 
 towns, having each furnished a guarantied subscription, that the 
 county buildings should be erected by the successful town, without 
 any cost to the taxpayers. The vote was as follows : 
 
1855.] ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 557 
 
 For Lewisburg, For MifflinburK. 
 
 Lewisburg, North Ward, 286 — 
 
 " South Ward, 233 — 
 
 East Buffalo, i74 8 
 
 Union, ' 79 26 
 
 Kelly, 145 21 
 
 White Deer, 255 26 
 
 Buffalo, 157 121 
 
 West Buffalo, 13 200 
 
 Hartley, 78 321 
 
 New BerHn, 7 139 
 
 Jackson, 4 39 
 
 Limestone, 5 129 
 
 Mifflinburg, i 196 
 
 1,436 1,226 
 For Canal Commissioner, Nicholson's majority was 607. 
 
 Gensus Returns for 1860 and 1870. 
 
 I860. 1870. 
 
 Buffalo, 1,560 1,521 
 
 Buffalo, East, . . . . ' 968 1,011 
 
 Buffalo, West, 1,075 1,046 
 
 Hartley, 1,530 1,143 
 
 Hartleton, (incorporated 1858,) .... 288 292 
 
 Kelly, 779 942 
 
 Lewisburg, 2,666 3,121 
 
 Lewis, (taken from Hartley 1856,) . . . 658 1,007 
 
 Limestone, 913 880 
 
 Mifflinburg, 865 911 
 
 New Berhn, 672 646 
 
 Union, 820 840 
 
 White Deer, 1,639 1,676 
 
 14,433 15,036 
 

 LIST OP OFFICIALS. 
 
 MEMBERS OF THE SENATE. 
 
 District composed of the Counties of 
 Northumberland, Union, Colum- 
 bia, Sasquehanna and Luzerne. 
 
 1814-15, Thomas Murray, junior. 
 
 1816-17, Charles Fraser. 
 
 1818-19, Simon Snyder. 
 
 1820-21, Redmond Conyngham. 
 
 Northumberland and Union. 
 1822, Andrew Albright. 
 1823-26, Lewis Dewart. 
 1826-30, John Ray. 
 1830-34, Samuel J. Packer. 
 1834-38. Isaac Slenker. 
 
 Perry, Mifflin, Juniata, Union, 
 
 and Huntingdon. 
 1837-3S, Isaac Slenker. 
 1838-39, Robert P. Maclay. 
 1841-42, Robert P. Maclay. 
 
 1843, Henry C. Eyer. 
 
 Mifflin, Union, and Juniata. 
 
 1844, Henry C. Eyer. 
 1845-48, Jacob Wagenseller.* 
 
 * JDiea, 1847. f Vice Wagenseller. 
 
 1848, Ner Middleswarth.f 
 1849-51, Jonathan J. Cunningham. 
 1852-54, EliSlifer. 
 1855-57, James M. Sellers. | 
 
 Clinton, Lycoming, Centre, and 
 Union. 
 1858, Andrew Gregg. 
 1859-61, Andrew Gregg. 
 1862-64, Henry Johnson. 
 
 Lycoming, Union, and Snyder. 
 1865-67, John Walls. 
 1868-70, John B. Beck. 
 1871-73, Andrew H. Dill. 
 
 Snyder, Perry, Northumberland, 
 and Union. 
 
 1872-73, Andrew H. Dill, 
 1873-76, Andrew H. Dill. 
 
 Union, Snyder, and Nort/iumber- 
 
 land. 
 1875-76, Andrew H. Dill. 
 
 t Died in Philadelphia, June 21, 1877. 
 
 MEMBERS OF ASSEMBLY. 
 
 District composed of tlie Counties of 
 Nortliumberland, Union, and Co- 
 lumbia. 
 
 1814-15, David E. Owen. 
 Robert Willett. 
 Joseiah Hutchinson. 
 Henry Shaifer. 
 
 Union County. 
 1815-16, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 1815-16, Jacob Brobst. 
 1816-17, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 Jacob Brobst. 
 1817-18, Frederick Stees. 
 
 Joseph Stillwell. 
 1818-19, John Ray. 
 
 Ner Middleswarth. 
 1819-20, John Ray. 
 
 Ner Middleswarth. 
 1820-21, Frederick Wise. 
 
 Dan Caldwell. 
 
 558 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 559 
 
 1821-22, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 James Dale. 
 1822-23, Simon Snyder. 
 
 James Dale. 
 1823-24, James Dale. 
 
 Simon Snyder. 
 1824-25, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 William Porster. 
 1825-26, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 James Madden. 
 1826-27, James Madden. 
 
 William Forster, junior. 
 1827-28, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 John Dreisbach. 
 1828-29, John Dreisbach. 
 
 Ner Middleswarth. 
 1829-30, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 Philip Ruhl. 
 1830-31, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 Philip Rulil. 
 1831-32, Henry Roush. 
 
 Philip Ruhl. 
 1832-33, William L. Harris. 
 
 George Weirick. 
 1833-34, Robert P. Maclay. 
 
 Simon Sliaflfer. 
 1834-35, ISTer Middleswarth, 
 
 Jacob Hummel. 
 
 1835-36, Ner Middleswarth. 
 
 John Montelius. 
 
 Union, Juniata, and Mifflin. 
 1836-37, Plenry Yearick. 
 
 Enoch Beale. 
 
 James Hughes. 
 1837-38, Abraham S. Wilson. 
 
 James Hughes. 
 
 Henrv Yearick. 
 1838-39, John Funk. 
 
 William Ramsey. 
 
 John Montelius. 
 
 1840, Abraham S. Wilson. 
 Isaac Hottenstein. 
 William Cox, senior. 
 
 1841, Ner Middleswarth. 
 Jolm Funk. 
 
 . Joseph A. Bell. 
 
 1842, John H. MeCrum. 
 William Ross. 
 John A. Vanvalzah. 
 
 1843, Tliomas J. Postlethwaite. 
 David Glenn. 
 
 Samuel Reber. 
 
 Union and Juniata. 
 
 1844, John Hall, 
 John Adams. 
 
 1845, John Hall. 
 John Adams. 
 
 1846, John McCrum. 
 Jacob McCorley. 
 
 1847, Jacob McCorley. 
 
 1857, 
 1858, 
 
 1859, 
 
 1860, 
 
 1861, 
 
 1862, 
 1863, 
 1864, 
 
 1847, John McMinn. 
 
 1848, JohnMcMinn. 
 Samuel Weirick. 
 
 1849, Samuel Weirick. 
 John McLaughlin. 
 
 1850, Eli Slifer. 
 
 Jolm McLaughlin. 
 
 1851, Eli Slifer. 
 
 1852, William Sharon. 
 
 1853, John Beale. 
 
 1854, John W. Simonton. 
 
 1855, J. W. Crawford. 
 
 Union, Juniata, and Snyder. 
 
 1856, George W. Strouse. 
 Thomas Bower. 
 Thomas Hayes. 
 Daniel Witmer. 
 John J. Patterson. 
 William F. Wagenseller. 
 Thomas Hayes. 
 William F. Wagenseller. 
 Thomas Hayes. 
 John J. Patterson. 
 H. K. Ritter. 
 J. Beaver. 
 H. K. Ritter. 
 George W. Strouse. 
 John Balsbach. 
 Samuel H. Orwig. 
 
 Lycoming, Union, and Snyder. 
 
 1865, S. H. Orwig. 
 Samuel Alleman. 
 Charles Wilson. 
 
 1866, S. C. Wingard. 
 D. A. Irwin. 
 Isaac Rothrock. 
 
 1867, S. C. Wingard. 
 Charles D. Roush. 
 J. H. Wright. 
 
 1868, R. H. Lawshe. 
 C. D. Roush. 
 George G. Glass. 
 
 1869, W. P. I. Painter. 
 Thomas Church. 
 William G. Herrold. 
 
 1870, Theodore HUl. 
 Thomas Church. 
 Andrew H. Dill. 
 
 1871, Samuel Wilson. 
 John Cummings. 
 William Young. 
 
 Snyder and Union. 
 
 1872, William G. Herrold. 
 
 1873, Charles S. Wolfe. 
 
 1874, Charles S. Wolfe. 
 
 Union. 
 1875-76, Charles S. Wolfe. 
 1877-78, Alfred Hayes. 
 
s6o 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 PRESIDENT JUDGES. 
 
 Seth Chapman*. . . July 11, 1811 
 Ellis Lewis, .... Oct. 14, 1833 
 Abraham S. Wilson, . Mar, 30, 1842 
 
 S. S. Woods, . . 
 Joseph C. Bucher, . 
 
 Nov. 20, 1861 
 Nov, 7, 1871 
 
 Hugh Wilson, . 
 John Bolencler,! 
 Adam Light, . . 
 George Schnable, 
 John Baslvin, 
 Joseph Stillwell, 
 John Montelius, 
 Jacob Wittenmyer, 
 James Harrison, 
 James Marsliall, 
 Jacob Wittenmyer, J . 
 * Resigned, October 10, 
 
 ASSOCIATE JUDGES. 
 
 Oct. 11, 1813 Philip Buhl, . . . 
 
 Aiig. 26, 1815 Jolni W. Simonton, 
 
 Dec. 11, 1820 John Walls, . . , 
 
 Mar. 26, 1840 Jolm W. Simonton, 
 
 Mar. 15, 1841 Martin Dreisbach, . 
 
 Jan, 21, 1843 Martin Dreisbach, , 
 
 Feb, 27, 1845 John W, Simonton, 
 
 Feb, 28, 1848 Jacob Hummel, 
 
 Mar. 7, 1850 Cyrus Hoffa, . . . 
 
 Nov, 10, 1851 Jacob Hummel, 
 
 Nov, 10, 1851 William F, Wilson, 
 1833. t Resigned, December 11, 1820. 
 
 . Nov. 17, 1855 
 . Nov. 12, 1856 
 . Nov. 20, 1860 
 . Nov. 28, 1861 
 . Feb. 3, 1865 
 . Nov. 6, 1865 
 . Nov. 9, 1866 
 , Nov. 9, 1870 
 . Nov. 17, 1871 
 . Dec. 3, 1875 
 . Dec. 8, 1876 
 J Legislated out. 
 
 DEPUTY ATTORNEYS GENERAL. 
 
 William Irwin, 1814 
 
 John Lashells, 1815 
 
 M. McKinney, junior, . . . 1818 
 
 James Merrill, 1821 
 
 John Mumma, 1824 
 
 C. A, Bradford, 1826 
 
 John A. Sterrett, . . , Feb, 1828 
 John Wyeth, Sept, 1828 
 
 Isaac Slenker, 1830 
 
 Samuel Weirick 1836 
 
 Robert B, Barber, 1839 
 
 John Porter, 1842 
 
 George W, Graham, . • . . 1843 
 
 Robert B. Barber, 1846 
 
 William Van Gezer, .... 1848 
 
 DISTRICT ATTORNEYS. 
 
 George Hill, . . 
 
 . . . Dec. 1850 1 
 
 Joseph C. Bucher, . 
 
 . . Dec, 
 
 1859 
 
 William Van Gezer, . . Dec. 1853 
 
 Alfred Hayes, . . 
 
 . . Dec. 
 
 1862 
 
 James B. Hamlin, 
 
 . , . Dec. 1856 
 PROTHON 
 
 Andrew A. Leiser, 
 OTARIES. 
 
 , , Sept. 
 
 1876 
 
 Simon Snyder, jr.,* . Oct. 14, 1813 
 
 John P. Gutelius, . . 
 
 Oct. 13, 
 
 1840 
 
 Joseph Stillwell, 
 
 . Feb, 7, 1821 
 
 William Roshong, , 
 
 Nov. 12, 
 
 1841 
 
 George A. Snyder, 
 
 . Jan. 22, 1824 
 
 Jacob Haus, . . , 
 
 Nov. 11, 
 
 1847 
 
 Josepli Stillwell, 
 
 . Jan, 28, 1830 
 
 Joseph Eyster, . . 
 
 Nov. 25, 
 
 1850 
 
 Robert P. Maclay, 
 
 . Jan, 6, 1836 
 
 Samuel Roush, . . 
 
 Nov. 22, 
 
 1853 
 
 Samuel Roush, . 
 
 , Jan. 31, 1839 
 
 James W. Sands, . 
 
 Nov. — , 
 
 1862 
 
 Jacob H. Horning, 
 
 . Nov. 14, 1839 
 
 C. H. Hassenplug, 
 
 Nov. 18, 
 
 1865 
 
 * Simon Snyder, junior. Esquire, was b 
 
 orn at Lancaster, November 9, 1762 
 
 , and 
 
 died at Harrisburg, May 10, 1833. 
 
 
 
 
 
 REGISTERS AN 
 
 D RECORDERS. 
 
 
 
 Simon Snyder, junior, Oct, 14, 1813 | 
 
 Henry Aurand, j unior 
 
 , Aug. 25, 
 
 1845 
 
 Peter Hackenberg 
 
 . Feb. 7, 1821 
 
 Daniel Bellman, . . 
 
 Nov. 17, 
 
 1845 
 
 John Maclay, . 
 
 . Jan. 22, 1824 
 
 Christian Breyman, . 
 
 Nov. 22, 
 
 1851 
 
 Samuel Roush, . 
 
 . Jan. 28, 1830 
 
 J. W, Pennington, 
 
 Nov. 29, 
 
 1854 
 
 George Aurand, 
 
 . Jan. 6, 1836 
 
 George Merrill, . . 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 
 1857 
 
 Robert Forster, . 
 
 . Jan. 31, 1839 
 
 Elisha H. Weikel, . 
 
 Nov. 28, 
 
 1863 
 
 John Glover, 
 
 . Nov. 14, 1839 
 
 Reuben Kline, . . . 
 
 Nov. 22, 
 
 1869 
 
 Samuel Aurand, 
 
 . Nov. 12, 1842 
 
 
 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 561 
 
 SHERIFFS. 
 
 John Ray 
 
 Frederick Wise, 
 Isaac Mertz, ... 
 Jacob Rhoads, . . 
 Philip Seebold, 
 John Haas, . . . 
 Jolm Cumniings, . 
 Jolni Cumniings, jr., 
 William Glover, 
 Israel Grutelius, 
 John M. Benfer, . 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 13, 
 
 1813 
 
 30, 
 
 1816 
 
 30, 
 
 1819 
 
 21, 
 
 1822 
 
 20, 
 
 1825 
 
 24, 
 
 1828 
 
 18, 
 
 1831 
 
 3, 
 
 1834 
 
 17, 
 
 1837 
 
 24, 
 
 1840 
 
 17, 
 
 1843 
 
 Henry S. Boyer, . 
 Archibald Thomas, 
 John Kessler, . . 
 Daniel D. Guldin, . 
 Lafayette Albright, 
 Thomas Church, . 
 Lafayette Albright, 
 Michael Kleckner, 
 Lafayette Albright, 
 Thomas P. Wagner, 
 
 Oct. 
 
 24, 
 
 1846 
 
 Oct. 
 
 24, 
 
 1849 
 
 Oct. 
 
 27, 
 
 1852 
 
 Oct. 
 
 24, 
 
 1855 
 
 Dec. 
 
 16, 
 
 1861 
 
 Dec. 
 
 16, 
 
 1864 
 
 Dec. 
 
 17, 
 
 1867 
 
 Dec. 
 
 10, 
 
 1870 
 
 Nov 
 
 31, 
 
 1873 
 
 Dec. 
 
 26, 
 
 1876 
 
 COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 1813 
 
 Dan Caldwell, Frederick Gut- 
 
 1845, 
 
 
 elius, and Philip Moore. 
 
 1846, 
 
 1814, 
 
 James Dale. 
 
 1847, 
 
 1815, 
 
 John Bower. 
 
 1848, 
 
 1816 
 
 Henry Roush. 
 
 1849, 
 
 1817 
 
 Mishael Lincoln. 
 
 1850, 
 
 1818 
 
 Jacob German. 
 
 1851, 
 
 1819 
 
 William Kessler. 
 
 1852, 
 
 1820 
 
 Sebastian Witmer. 
 
 1853, 
 
 1821 
 
 Joseph Fuehrer. 
 
 1854, 
 
 1822 
 
 Christian Miller. 
 
 1855, 
 
 1823 
 
 Uriah Silsby. 
 
 
 1824 
 
 George Weirick. 
 
 1856, 
 
 1825, 
 
 Samuel Aurand. 
 
 1857, 
 
 1826 
 
 John Montelius. 
 
 1858, 
 
 1827 
 
 Thomas Youngman. 
 
 1859, 
 
 1828 
 
 John Ziegier. 
 
 1860, 
 
 1829 
 
 William Betz. 
 
 1861, 
 
 1830 
 
 Peter Hackenburg. 
 
 1862, 
 
 1831 
 
 Philip Franck. 
 
 1863, 
 
 1832 
 
 J. F. Wilson. 
 
 1864, 
 
 1833 
 
 John Keller. 
 
 1865, 
 
 1834 
 
 James Harrison. 
 
 1866, 
 
 1835 
 
 Samuel B. Barber. 
 
 1867, 
 
 1836 
 
 John K. Snyder. 
 
 1868, 
 
 1887 
 
 Archibald Thomas. 
 
 1869, 
 
 1838 
 
 Jacob Hummel. 
 
 1870, 
 
 1839 
 
 Henry Hilbish. 
 
 1871, 
 
 1840 
 
 Samuel Boop. 
 
 1872, 
 
 1841 
 
 Jacob McCorley. 
 
 1873, 
 
 1842 
 
 Solomon Engel. 
 
 1874, 
 
 1843 
 
 Michael Clemens. 
 
 1875, 
 
 1844 
 
 Henry Saunders, junior. 
 
 
 Jacob Martin. 
 R. H. Laird. 
 Joseph Winters. 
 James Barbin. 
 John WUt. 
 George Heimbach. 
 S. K. Herrold. 
 Adam Sheckler. 
 Sem Leitzel. 
 John D. Romig. 
 R. V. B. Lincoln, Jacob Hum- 
 mel, George Schoch. 
 William Rule. 
 R. V. B. Lincoln. 
 James Pross. 
 
 D. H. Kelly. 
 F. Bolender. 
 J. M. Walters. 
 Robert Reed. 
 Samuel Marshall. 
 Michael Kleckner. 
 Michael Brown. 
 T. V. Harbeson. 
 S. B. Hoffman. 
 
 E. S. Gudykunst. 
 T. V. Harbeson. 
 S. B. Hoffman. 
 Willam Steans. 
 J. W. Kauffinan. 
 Jose]3h Boop. 
 George Schoch. 
 
 Joseph Boop, George Schoch 
 and John Yarger. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS' CLERKS. 
 
 1813, Flavel Roan. 
 1817, Frederick Gutelius. 
 1821, JohnMauch. 
 1831, J. H. Horning. 
 1834, S. Weirich. 
 1836, M. H. Weaver. 
 1841, J. J. Maclay. 
 
 36 
 
 1843, J. S. Dubois. 
 
 1851, C. Breyman. 
 
 1851, (Nov.,) David Schwenck. 
 
 1853, A. J. Peters. 
 
 1855, Andrew Kennedy. 
 
 1869, Peter Hursh. 
 
562 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 COUNTY TREASURERS. 
 
 1814, 
 
 Michael Schoch. 
 
 1851, 
 
 1817, 
 
 Joseph Stillwell. 
 
 1853, 
 
 1818, 
 
 Thomas Shipton. 
 
 1855, 
 
 1820, 
 
 Christopher Seebold. 
 
 1857, 
 
 1823, 
 
 William Kessler. 
 
 1859, 
 
 1826, 
 
 Samuel Wilson. 
 
 1861, 
 
 1829, 
 
 Samuel Aurand. 
 
 1863, 
 
 1831, 
 
 .Jacob Mauck. 
 
 1865, 
 
 1835, 
 
 Isaac Peters. 
 
 1867, 
 
 1838, 
 
 John P. Seebold. 
 
 1869, 
 
 1841, 
 
 Michael Kleckner. 
 
 1871, 
 
 1843, 
 
 Philip Gross. 
 
 
 1845, 
 
 Archibald Thomas. 
 
 
 1847, 
 
 Charles Seebold. 
 
 1873, 
 
 1849, 
 
 Daniel Horlacher. 
 
 1875, 
 
 
 DEPUTY SI 
 
 JRVE 
 
 Jacob Mauck. 
 
 Henrv Solomon. 
 
 R. H.' Laird. 
 
 H. P. Sheller. 
 
 R. H. Laird. 
 
 John A. Mertz. 
 
 William Jones. 
 
 John Hayes. 
 
 William .Jones. 
 
 William Hauck. 
 
 John Hertz, deceased. Wil- 
 
 liain Jones apijointed to fill 
 
 vacancy. 
 James Pross. 
 B. F. Eaton. 
 
 1813, Simon Snvder, j unior. 
 1818, Adam Wilt. 
 1821, John Hayes. 
 1833, Robert G. H. Hayes. 
 1836, Solomon Engle. 
 1836, Michael H. Weaver. 
 1839, Robert G. H. Hayes. 
 1846, James Madden. 
 
 1846, Philip Hilbish. 
 1850, Robert G. H. Hayes. 
 1854, J. Henry Motz. 
 
 1858, Wilson I. Linn. 
 
 1859, Conrad Sheckler. 
 1868, Reuben F. Brown. 
 1874. Conrad Sheckler. 
 
 CORONERS. 
 
 1816, Isaac Mertz. 
 
 1819, Daniel Winter. 
 
 1822, Jacob Swineford. 
 
 1825, Christian Shroyer. 
 
 1828, Robert Vanvalzah, junior. 
 
 1831, John Bower. 
 
 1834, .Jacob Aurand. 
 1837, Joseph Long. 
 
 1841, Matthew Brewer. 
 
 1842, Jacob Reichley. 
 1845, John D. Smith. 
 1858, William L. Harris. 
 
 NOTARIES PUBLIC. 
 
 Christian Miller, . 
 Henry C. Hickok, 
 George A. Frick, . 
 O. Norton Worden, 
 John B. Miller, . 
 Samuel Slifer, . . 
 William Jones, 
 Andrew Kennedy, 
 George A. Frick, . 
 Samuel Slifer, . . 
 Andrew Kennedy, 
 .Joseph J. R. Orwig, 
 Samuel Slifer, . . 
 Andrew Kennedy, 
 S. P. Myers, . . . 
 Samuel'Slifer, . . 
 
 Jan. 
 
 6, 
 
 1820 
 
 Andrew Kennedy, 
 
 Oct. 
 
 30, 
 
 1867 
 
 April 
 
 12, 
 
 1853 
 
 Simon P. Myers, . 
 
 Aprl 
 
 7, 
 
 1868 
 
 Dec. 
 
 28, 
 
 1854 
 
 Paul Geddes, . . 
 
 . July 
 
 15, 
 
 1869 
 
 May 
 
 W, 
 
 1855 
 
 John Stitzer, . . 
 
 . Nov. 
 
 12, 
 
 1869 
 
 Aug. 
 
 12, 
 
 1856 
 
 Samuel Slifer, . . 
 
 . Jan. 
 
 fi, 
 
 1870 
 
 Dec. 
 
 9, 
 
 1857 
 
 Mellville Reese Dill, 
 
 May 
 
 5, 
 
 1870 
 
 Jan. 
 
 12, 
 
 1858 
 
 John S. Stitzer, 
 
 . Nov. 
 
 15, 
 
 1872 
 
 .Jan. 
 
 15, 
 
 1858 
 
 Samuel Slifer, . . 
 
 . Jan. 
 
 9, 
 
 1873 
 
 Jan. 
 
 2 
 
 1861 
 
 William Rule, . . 
 
 April 30^ 
 
 1873 
 
 Jan. 
 
 12! 
 
 1861 
 
 D. B. Miller, . . 
 
 . May 
 
 6, 
 
 1873 
 
 Jvme 24, 
 
 1861 
 
 Samuel Slifer, . . 
 
 . Jan. 
 
 12, 
 
 1876 
 
 Jan. 
 
 l-l, 
 
 1864 
 
 John Stitzer, ' . . 
 
 . Jan. 
 
 22, 
 
 1876 
 
 Jan. 
 
 14, 
 
 1864 
 
 William Rule, . . 
 
 . Mar. 
 
 20, 
 
 1876 
 
 June 
 
 29, 
 
 1864 
 
 D. B. Miller, . . 
 
 May 
 
 3, 
 
 1876 
 
 Apri 
 
 7, 
 
 1865 
 
 G. N. LeFevre, 
 
 . Mar. 
 
 29, 
 
 1877 
 
 Jan. 
 
 11, 
 
 1867 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFA'LO VALLEY. 
 
 S(>3 
 
 JUSTICES OF THE PEACE BY APPOINTMENT. 
 
 John Bolender, . . . 
 
 George Weirick, . . 
 
 Thomas Shipton, . . 
 
 Thomas Youngman, . 
 
 John Cummings, . . 
 
 Christopher Seebold, . 
 
 Henrv Siavker, . . . 
 
 Adam Wilt, . . . . 
 
 Henry Yearick, . . 
 
 John Wilson, . . . 
 
 Philip Burchart, . . 
 
 Joseph Fuehrer, . , 
 Peter Hackenberg, j r. , 
 
 Dan Caldwell, . . , 
 
 Christian Miller, . , 
 
 Frederick Gutelius, , 
 Abraham Aurand, 
 
 William Kessler,* . . 
 
 John Schnee, . . . 
 
 George Schnable, . , 
 
 Jacob German,! • ■ 
 
 Robert Willett, . . , 
 Andrew McClenahan, 
 
 Samuel Wilson, . , 
 
 Michael Rathfon, . , 
 
 John Reifsnyder, . , 
 
 John Bassler, . . . 
 George Aurand, 
 
 JohnNesbit, . . . . 
 James McClellan, 
 
 Sanruel Haupt, . . . 
 
 John Glover, j unior, . 
 
 Jacob German, . . . 
 Valentine Haas, 
 Samuel Ludwig, . 
 Charles Weirman, . 
 Joseph Still well, . 
 Joseph Musser, . . 
 Mathew Brewer, J . 
 John Mauck, . . . 
 Solomon Engle, 
 William Cameron, 
 Thomas R. Lewis, . 
 
 Mar. 2C, 1S13 
 Mar. 2P, 1813 
 Aug. 27, 1813 
 Nov. 10, 1813 
 Dec. 10, 1813 
 Mar. 2(), 1813 
 Mar. 30, 1813 
 Mar. 26, 1813 
 Mar. 26, 1813 
 Nov. 1. 1813 
 Mar. 26, 1813 
 Mar. 26, 1813 
 Mar. 26, 1813 
 Mar. 26, 1813 
 Jan. 25, 1814 
 Nov. 11, 1814 
 June 23, 1814 
 June 24, 1816 
 Mav 13, 1816 
 July 14, 1817 
 May 9, 1817 
 Oct. 20, 1817 
 May 30, 1817 
 June 3, 1819 
 Mar. 16, 1819 
 June 3, 1819 
 May 17, 1819 
 Jan. 4, 1820 
 Mar. 26, 1821 
 June 4, 1821 
 Oct. 4, 1821 
 Mar. 21, 1822 
 Mar. 29, 1822 
 Sept. 23, 1822 
 Mar. 29, 1822 
 Dec. 11, 1823 
 Nov. 18, 1823 
 Dec. 8, 1823 
 Dec. 10, 1823 
 Jvme 22, 1825 
 
 , Apr. 17, 1827 
 Feb. 19, 1827 
 
 , Nov. 23, 1827 
 
 * Ke3igned, A.pril 30, 1819. 
 
 Henry Strubel, . . . Apr. 14, 1828 
 Henry Herold, . . . Apr. 14, 1828 
 Hottenstine, Dr. Isaac, Mar. 12, 1828 
 Michael Wittenmoyer, Apr. 20, 1829 
 Isaac Smith, .... Apr, 20, 1829 
 James Fleming Lum, Jan. 2, 1829 
 John Maclay, . . . Dec. 7, 1829 
 Robert G. H. Hayes, . Mar. 12, 1829 
 Simon Snyder, . . . Feb. 3, 1829 
 John Rank, .... Feb. 3, 1829 
 Jacob McCorley, . . Feb. 3, 1829 
 George Clingan, . . Dec. 15, 1829 
 Amos Stroll, .... Mav 5, 1830 
 James Madden, . . . Feb. 24, 1831 
 Samuel Geddes, . . Aug. 2, 1831 
 John Reifsnyder, . . Apr. 25, 1831 
 Jacob J. Marr, . . . May 31, 1831 
 Jacob Musser, . . . May 17, 1832 
 William Kessler, . . Jan. 11. 1833 
 William Roshong, . . Sept. 3, 1834 
 Jonathan Farnswarth, Feb. 2, 1835 
 John Highlv, . . . Nov. 18, 1835 
 Isaac Jones, .... Mar. 27, 1835 
 Samuel Roush, . . . Deo. 1, 1835 
 Henry Noll, .... Dec. 9, 1835 
 Peter H. Hawk, . . Nov. 4, 1835 
 John Lenig, .... Apr. 20, 1835 
 John Emmit, . . . Mar. 14, 1835 
 David Schwenck, . . June 7, 1836 
 .lames Harrison. . . Feb. 3, 1833 
 Samuel B. Barber, . June 7, 1836 
 Peter Hackenberg, sr., June 8, 1836 
 Philip Ruhl, .... Mar. 27, 1837 
 Joseph McCool, . . . Nov. 6, 1837 
 Daniel Bellman, . . Mar. 3, 1837 
 Andrew Glover, . . Mar. 27, 1837 
 John Courtney, . . . Oct. 24, 1838 
 Lewis Bertram, . . . Dec. 25, 1838 
 Levi B. Christ, . . . Jan. 3, 1838 
 Jacob F. Hummel, . Nov. 14, 1838 
 Jacob Riblet, . . . Dec. 26, 1838 
 Conrad Stock, . . . Jan. 11, 1839 
 George N. Youngman, Apr. 16, 1839 
 
 t Resigned, December 14, 1821. 
 
 X Resigned, September 2T, 1838. 
 
NECROLOGY, 
 
 COMMENCED BY JAMES E. LINN, Esquire, in 1826. 
 
 Date of h 
 Death. |^ 
 
 Ackerman, Mrs. C, Jan. 
 Adams, Joseph, Jan. 
 Adams, William, Oct. 
 Adams, Mrs. Mary, Oct. 
 Aikev, Lewis, Apr. 
 
 Albert, Jacob, July 
 
 Albert, Benedict, May 
 Alsbach, Solomon, Jan. 
 Alter, Mrs. Mary, Feb. 
 Alter, Abraham, July 
 Ambers, Mrs. M., Sept. 
 Ammon, Andrew, Mar. 
 Ammon, Samuel, Sept. 
 Ammon, Beyer, Feb. 
 Ammon, Elizabeth, Feb. 
 Anderson, James, May 
 Anderson, Jere., Jan. 
 Anderson Moses, June 
 Andrews, George, Jan. 
 Angle, Mrs. L. T., Oct. 
 Angstadt, Mrs., Apr. 
 
 Angstadt, Gideon, 
 
 Angstadt, Benj., Feb. 
 Anthony, Hon. J. B. Jan. 
 Arbegast, Eve, Jan. 
 
 Ard, Dr. Joseph B., Feb. 
 Armstrong, Mrs. S., Feb. 
 Armstrong, Wm., Aug. 
 Armstrong, James, Aug. 
 Armstrong, Marg't, July 
 Arnold, George, May 
 Atwood, Henry, Apr. 
 Aubel, Mrs. Barb., July 
 Aurand, Samuel, Aug. 
 Aurand, Mrs. Geo., Aug. 
 Aurand, Abram, jJan. 
 Aurand, Henry, Mar. 
 AnspaGh,Susan'h., Sept. 
 Backhouse, Dr. S. T. Dec. 
 
 40 
 
 187476 
 
 1825 
 
 1868150 
 
 1872 i 85 
 
 1862 73 
 
 1848J80 
 
 1875 71 
 
 1828 
 
 1817 
 
 1829 
 
 1861 
 
 1842 
 
 1852 
 
 1862 
 
 1868 
 
 1847 i 
 1864 176 
 1874|75 
 1860 33 
 187126 
 1853! 
 18541 
 1863155 
 185l| 
 1868 90 
 1861 
 1829 
 1854 
 1867:75 
 18691 
 184875 
 1836 
 1843 82 
 1845 
 
 1848 71 
 1855 
 1844 
 1842 
 1848 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 60 
 
 Badger, Robert, 
 Baker, John, 
 Baker, Peter, 
 Baker, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Baker, Jacob, 
 Baker, Mrs. Ann S., 
 Baker, John, 
 Baker, John, W. D., 
 Barber, Robert, 
 Barber, Mrs. Mary, 
 Barber, Col. Sam'l, 
 Barber, Thomas, 
 Barber, Mrs. S. A., 
 Barber, Rev. D. M., 
 Barber, Mrs. A. B., 1 
 Barber, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Barber, Eleanor, 
 Barber, Mrs. Jane, 
 Barber, James W., 
 Barkdoll, John H., 
 Barnes, Charles L., 
 Branhart, Mrs. S., 
 Barnhart, Rev. W., 
 Barrett, Able C, 
 Barrett, Mrs. S. H., 
 Barton, Esq., S. S., 
 Baskins, Hon. J., 
 Baum, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Baum, Samuel, 
 Baum, John M., 
 Beaver, Rev. Peter, 
 Beaver, W. M., 
 Beaver, Mrs. E. G., 
 Beatty, Jane, 
 Becher, Capt. D. L., 
 Bechtel, Peter, 
 Bechtel, Samuel, 
 Beck, Henry, 
 Beck, Isaac L., 
 
 Oct. 16, 
 
 Oct. 25, 
 Oct. 11, 
 Apr. 9, 
 Apr. 7, 
 Sept. 20 
 Nov. 27, 
 Feb. — , 
 Mar. 2, 
 Apr. 14, 
 Dec. 26, 
 Oct. 30, 
 Dec. 17, 
 Apr. 5, 
 Aug. 25. 
 Feb. 13, 
 May 30, 
 May 3, 
 Jan. 21, 
 Feb. 18, 
 Apr. 19, 
 Sept. 10, 
 Jan. 8, 
 Sept. 14, 
 Sept. 26, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 3, 
 June 29, 
 Aug. 26, 
 Nov. 13, 
 Oct. 30, 
 Mar. 4, 
 Mar. 17, 
 Feb. 3, 
 Apr. 9, 
 Jan. 2, 
 May 21, 
 
 837 
 1821 
 J 23 
 
 1853 34 
 1855 42 
 1862 35 
 1868 58 
 1874 82 
 184191 
 1846 
 1846 
 1856 
 1860 56 
 1865 66 
 187130 
 1872,86 
 
 1873 81 
 
 1874 60 
 1877182 
 1868] 
 1862 70 
 1854-78 
 1862 35 
 1849 
 1872 
 1864 65 
 1851 '63 
 183961 
 1842 1 
 1862139 
 184967 
 
 1854 22 
 186141 
 1829 62 
 1858 84 
 1852 
 1870; 
 1846 
 1856' 
 
 158 
 
 145 
 
 5(>4 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 S6S 
 
 Beck, Adam, 
 Beck, Mrs. Susan'h, 
 Beckly, sr., Daniel, 
 Becker, John, 
 Beckly, Benjamin, 
 Beeber, Jolm, 
 Beisel, Mrs. Susan, 
 Beiler, sr., John, 
 Bell, Berrvhill, 
 Bell, W. G., 
 Bell, Mrs. M. R., 
 Benner, .John, 
 Benner, George, 
 Benner, Elizabeth, 
 Benner, John B., 
 Bennett, Elizabeth, 
 Bennett, Charles, 
 Berkley, Joseph, 
 Bertolette, Jona., 
 Betz, Solomon, 
 Beyer, Daniel, 
 Beyer, Charles, 
 Beyer, Dr. Charles, 
 Bibighaus,Dr. .Tno., 
 Bibighans, Mrs. J., 
 Biddle, .John, 
 Billington, Thomas, 
 Billmyer, Clara, 
 Billmj'er, jNIartin, 
 Billmyer, Mrs. S., 
 Binns, John, 
 Bird, Jonathan, 
 Bishop, .John, 
 Black, .Tames, 
 Black, Mrs., Isa'la, 
 Black, Hannah, 
 Black, Mary, 
 Black, Thonias S., 
 Black, Mrs. M. B., 
 Blackwell, Mrs. 
 Blair, .Tane, 
 Blvthe, Esq., Cal., 
 Boal, Capt. David, 
 Boal, Esq., Geo. F., 
 Bobst, Michael, 
 Bockener, Isaac, 
 Bogar, Jacob, 
 Bogar, John D., 
 Bogar, Hester, 
 Boggs, Rose G., 
 Boop, Peter, 
 Bergstresser, Geo., 
 Bossier, .Jolm, 
 Boveard, Mrs., 
 Bower, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Bower, Jacob, 
 Bower, William, 
 Bower, George, 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Dec, 21 
 Mar. 11 
 July 22 
 Sept. 18 
 May 29 
 MaV 11 
 Feb. 28, 
 Mar. 3 
 Nov. 15 
 June 27 
 July 28 
 Mar. 
 Nov. 10 
 Dec. 29 
 Sept, 
 Mar. 2 
 Aug. 5 
 Oct. 
 Jan. 
 Oct. 23 
 Oct. 31 
 July 19 
 Sept. 13 
 Julv 
 Mar. 1 
 Aug. 29 
 Mar. 10 
 June 25 
 Apr. 3 
 Nov. 14 
 June 16 
 Feb. 13 
 Nov. 21 
 Mar. 9 
 Apr. 25 
 Aug. 11 
 Am: 18 
 Nov. 29 
 Feb. 7 
 Nov. 23 
 Nov. 17 
 June 27 
 Oct. 11 
 Jan. 18 
 Mav 
 Sept. 28, 
 Aug. 15 
 Apr. 15 
 Aug. If 
 Aug. 4 
 Aug. 14 
 May 3 
 .June 4 
 Nov. 20, 
 Mar. 1 
 Sept. 2^ 
 Dec. 21 
 Aug. 13 
 
 , 1867 91 
 , 1870 89 
 , 183li 
 , 1843 84 
 , 1856 
 , 1872 
 , 1862 
 , 1868 
 , 1861 
 , 1875 
 , 1876 
 , 1854 
 , 1854 
 , 1834 
 , 1875 
 , 1872 
 , 1874 
 , 1850 
 , 1874 
 , 1837 
 , 1826 
 , 1866 
 , 1830 
 , 1860 
 , 1861 
 , 1867 
 , 1856 
 , 1844 
 , 1862 
 , 1874 
 , 1860 
 , 1873 64 
 , 1854 
 , 1837 
 , 1847 
 , 1858 
 , 1862 
 , 1870 
 , 1872 
 , 1849 
 , 1861 
 , 1849 
 , 1824 
 , 1856 
 , 1841 
 , 1828 
 , 1826 
 , 1862 
 , 18631 
 , 1872 49 
 , 1872 70 
 , 1856 72 
 , 1859 82 
 , 1847,91 
 , 1846! 
 ;, 1847 86 
 , 18511 
 , 1854 65 
 
 44 
 
 Bowes, John, 
 Boyd, .John B., 
 Boyer, Mrs. Barb'ra 
 Boyer, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Bover, Samuel, 
 Bradford, E. G., 
 Brady, Charlotte, 
 Braucher, .Jacob, 
 Brauclier, George, 
 Brautigam, Daniel, 
 Brause, Jonathan, 
 Breyman, Christ'n, 
 Brice, Thomas, 
 Bridge, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Bright, Schreyer, 
 Brigiit, George, 
 Bright, Jacob, 
 Bright, Joseph, 
 Brobst, Jacob, 
 Brooks, Enos, 
 Brown, .John, Esq 
 Brown, .John, 
 Brown, John, 
 BroAvn, John, 
 Brown, Cin-ist, G., 
 Brown, William, 
 Brown, Mrs. Susan, 
 BroAvn, Cliristian, 
 Brown, Matthew, 
 Brown, Mrs. Han'h, 
 Brown, Lt. Hogan, 
 Brown, Abraham, 
 Brown, .Jacob, 
 Brown, Christian, 
 Brown, George, 
 Brown, William, 
 Brown, Michael, 
 Bryson, Robert, 
 Bryson, Rev, John, 
 Bucher, Maggie, G,, 
 Buckner, Isaac, 
 Buckner, William, 
 Buckner, Amelia, 
 Buckner, Sarah, 
 Budd, Mrs. Anna, 
 Buoy, Edward, 
 Burn, Sarah, 
 Burr, Henry H., 
 Burrell, Joseph, 
 Burris, John L. 
 Bussler, Mrs., 
 Butterfield, Jonas, 
 Byler, Samuel, 
 Cadwallader, Seth, 
 Caldwell John, 
 Caldwell, Mary, 
 Caldwell, Dan, 
 Caldwell, James D., 
 
 Date of 
 Death, 
 
 Aug, 1 
 Mar, 1 
 Jan, 3 
 Apr, 10 
 May 17 
 June 6 
 July 7 
 May 11 
 Mar. 10 
 Jan. 12 
 May 26 
 Oct. 20 
 Nov. 22 
 Nov. 15 
 May 18 
 Feb. 13 
 Mar. 6 
 Mar, 22 
 Feb, 23 
 July 27 
 Dec. 13 
 Aug, 7 
 Dec, 30 
 July 29 
 .Julv 15 
 Sept, 28 
 July 29 
 Aug, — 
 Jan. 7 
 May 10 
 Nov. 11 
 Dec. 28 
 Oct. 28, 
 Apr. 4 
 Sept. 29 
 Mar, 9 
 Oct, 30 
 Aug, 3 
 Mar, 23 
 Sept, 28: 
 
 Aug. 18 
 May 18 
 Aug, 4 
 Feb, 20 
 Dec, 5 
 Nov, 21 
 Oct, 15 
 Mar, 5 
 Fall of 
 Oct, 3 
 May 28 
 Aug, 26 
 jMay — 
 Aug, — , 
 Dec, 16 
 Mar, 14 
 
 93 
 
 1832 
 1845 
 1868 
 1872 '68 
 187469 
 1836 
 1848 
 1870 '86 
 1874'80 
 1863'75 
 1876|73 
 1862 67 
 1858 53 
 1873 62 
 1854 16 
 1862 62 
 1865 175 
 1872 67 
 1825173 
 1872 66 
 183165 
 1838 82 
 1845 '62 
 1846 61 
 1850 
 
 1855 59 
 1858 30 
 I86OI 
 1860 67 
 1865 62 
 1861 1 
 
 1869 81 
 
 1870 71 
 1873 80 
 1875180 
 1875,84 
 
 1876 
 1832 
 1855 
 1869 
 1828 
 1849 
 1858 
 1864 
 1866 
 1874 
 1842 
 1853 
 1827 
 1869 
 1825, 
 1826 
 1868 
 1863 
 1834 
 1834 
 1836 
 1847 
 
56b 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 Dec. 11, 1868 40 
 Apr. — , 18(53 
 Nov. 10, 1830 i. 
 
 .June 80, 183 
 
 Caldwell, .TaneM., 
 Cilvin, Miss Mary, 
 Cameron, Martha, 
 Gamei-on, Daniel, 
 Cameron, Col. .Jas., .July 21, 18(31 
 Cameron, jr., Wm.,'Nov. 29, 1S()1'24 
 Campbell, .John, jOct. 27, 1838 
 Campbell, Maria, |Jan. — , 18(5 1[ 
 Campbell, Rebecca, Jan. 25, 18(il 83 
 Campbell, Wm., Sept.—, 186l| 
 Campbell, F. C, :Apr. 21, 18(57 
 Candor, Harriet, May — , 1836 
 Candor, Mrs. Eliz., iDec. 14, 183(5 
 Candor, J. Howard, Sept. 23, 1839 
 Candor, .Josiah, j June 26, 1840 
 Candor, Joseph, 'Apr. 18, 1849 
 Candor, John M., jNov. 13, 1849 
 Candor, Miss Lydia,! Mar. —^ 1862 
 Candor, Franklin, jMar. 12, 1882 
 Candor, Elizabeth, JApr. 12, 18(32 
 Carson, John B., 'Mar. 25, 1849 
 Carothers, William.'Jan. 7, 1861 
 Carothers, Annie M. ' Jan. 10, 1861 
 Caul, John, : Jan. 9, 1861 
 
 Cawlev, James, -Sept. 25, 1840 
 Cawley, Miss Eliz., ! July 11, 1862 
 Cawley, Charles, 'May 16, 1871 
 Chamberlin, Ann, [Apr. 2, 1832 
 Chamberlin, Uriah, Feb. 1, 1853 
 Chamberlin, Col. A. Jan. 12, 1856 
 Chamberlin, John, Apr. 15, 1858 
 Chamberlin, Mrs M. Mar. — , 1859 
 Chamberlin, G. A., Apr. 13, 1860 
 Chamberlin, Mary, Apr. 3, 1865 
 Chamberlin, M. E., July 25, 1866 
 
 Chambers, Robert, . — , 1835 
 
 Chambers, Reb'aE. Mar. 11, 1836 
 
 Chambers, Benj. 
 Chambers, Mrs. M., 
 Cliambers, Robert, 
 Chambers, Benj. 
 Chambers, Mrs. M., 
 Chapijell, Lucinda, 
 Chappell, Mrs. M., 
 Chappell, Jason L., 
 Chappell, Mearit, 
 Charles, Samuel, 
 Charlton, Dr. Jas., 
 Cherry, Charles, 
 Chesney, Jacob G., 
 Chestnut, J., 
 Chestnut, Rev. D., 
 Chestnut, Ann, 
 Christ, Jacob, 
 Christ, Mrs. Cath., 
 Christ, Mrs. Hester, 
 Christ, Levi B., 
 Christie, Mrs. Mar., 
 
 Dec. 19, 1847 
 Aug. 2, 1863 
 Oct. 15, 18(34 
 Oct. 19, 1872 
 Oct. 26, 1875 
 Sept. 2, 1849 
 Oct. — , 1849 
 Aug. 26, 1865 
 Oct. — , 1872 
 Sept. 23, 1873 
 Oct. — , 1831 
 Sept. — , 1823 
 Mar. 9, 1858 
 Feb. — , 1825 
 
 _, 1837 
 
 June 10, 1851 
 July 27, 1832 
 Feb. 23, 1861 
 Aug. 16, ]863 
 Oct. 4, 1876 
 Oct. 27, 1860 
 
 Clark, Sarah, 
 Clark, Sarah, 
 Clark, Flavel, 
 Clark, .James, 
 Clemmens, Mich'l, 
 Clingan, Wm. Esq., 
 Clingan, Mrs., 
 Clingan, Thomas, 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 Aug. 13, 1854 68 
 Mav 10, 1857 67 
 Mar. 6, 1858 44 
 Oct. 22, 1864| 
 Apr. 7, 1859|77 
 May 24, 1822 
 May 7, 1838 85 
 :Vpr. 24, 1858 73 
 
 Clingan, jr., Flavel, Apr. 21, 1859 24 
 
 Clingan, George, 
 Clingan, Mrs. M., 
 Clingan, Flavel R., 
 Coburn, Dr. Clias., 
 Cole, George, 
 Collins, Mrs. Mary, 
 
 Colsher, , 
 
 Comly, Tliomas, 
 Conner, David, 
 Conner, Elizabeth, 
 Conner, John, 
 Conrad, George, 
 Cook, Adam, 
 Cook, Elizabeth, 
 Coolc, .James, 
 Cook, Andrew, 
 Cooper, .Judge Jno. 
 Cornelius, William, 
 Cornelius, Jesse, 
 Cornelius, Mrs. J., 
 Cornelius, .James, 
 Cornelius, Mrs., 
 Cornelius, .John, 
 Cornelius, Mrs. F., 
 Corneliiis, Mrs. S., 
 Cornelius, .James, 
 Cornelius, Thomas, 
 Corrj^, George, 
 Costenbader, Hen., 
 Courtney, William, 
 Coverly, Maj. J. C, 
 Covert, Mrs. Mary, 
 Cowden, Esq., Jno., 
 Cox, Mrs. Sarah F., 
 Craig, Mrs. Anna, 
 Crawford, Dr. J. W., 
 Cress, Conrad, 
 Criswell, Thomas, 
 Criswell, Mrs. E., 
 Criswell, Mrs. Sar., 
 Cronmiller, Martin, 
 Crosgrove, Samuel, 
 Crosgrove, James, 
 Orotzer, Thomas, 
 Cummings, John, 
 Cummings, sr., ,J., 
 Cummings, James, 
 Cummings, Alex., 
 Dale, Mrs. Eliza, 
 
 45 
 
 Jan. 14, 1860 72 
 Dec. 31, 1861 72 
 Oct. 17, 1876 82 
 Apr. 23, 1858 72 
 Mar. 2, 1868 69 
 Aug. 2, 1874 1 82 
 May 26, 1857:96 
 \pr. 13, 1866 '47 
 Feb. 8, 1840 
 Sept. 26, 1840 
 Sept. 3, 1846 
 July 5, 1849 
 Aug. 21, 18321 
 Jan. 4, 1849 1 
 Feb. 21, 1873 81 
 Sept. 16, 1873 82 
 June 21, 1863 79 
 About 1814. I 
 May 31, 1833 
 Aug. 26, 1843 80 
 Nov. 19, 1849 
 Oct. 1, 1854 
 Apr. . 8, 1866 
 Sept. 23, 18(37 
 Aug. 10, 1868 
 Jan. 24, 1874 
 Mar. 10, 1874 
 Aug. 15, 1856 
 Aug. 27, 1853 
 Sept. 5, 1854 
 May 18, 1856 
 Mar. 29, 1858 
 Jan. 13, 1837 
 Oct. 13, 18(58 
 Jan. 26, 1848 
 Apr. 17, 1861 
 Oct. 24, 1844 
 Apr. 26, 1860 
 June 4, 1861 
 Feb. 10, 186246 
 Jan. 26, 1838 76 
 Sept. 24, 186188 
 Feb. 27, 1876 ;76 
 53 
 
 Sept. 14, 1852 
 Aug. 27, 1829 
 Feb. 16, 1846 
 Jan. 19, 1859 72 
 Mar. 30, 1862 58 
 Apr. 23, 1835 80 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 5(>7 
 
 Dale, Samuel, 
 Dale, William, 
 Dale, Mary Ellen, 
 Dale, Col. James, 
 Dale, Miss Agnes, 
 Danowsky, Wm. F., 
 Davidson, Ann, 
 Davis, James K., 
 Davis, William, 
 Davis, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Davis, Miss Ann, 
 Dawson, Rev. A., 
 Dawson, Mrs. R., 
 Deck, Grodfrey, 
 Dennius, Mrs. H., 
 Deibert, Henry, 
 Dentler, Peter, 
 Dennis, John, W. B. 
 Dennis, Mrs. Mich., 
 Dentler, John, 
 Dentler, Hon. J. F., 
 Dentler, Mrs., 
 Deratt, Daniel, 
 Deratt, Nancy, 
 Derr, George, 
 Derr, Frances, 
 Derr, Mrs. Fanny, 
 Derr, Elizabeth, 
 Derr, John H., 
 Derr, Lewis, 
 Derr, Benjamin, ' 
 Derr, Jose^jli Y., 
 Derr, John, 
 Derr, Mrs. Char., 
 Derr, Jacob, 
 Derring, Miss Eliz., 
 Dersham, Abra. V., 
 Dersham, Mrs. H., 
 Diettenderfer, F., 
 Dififenderfer, Philip 
 Dieflenderfer, J., 
 Diefifenbach, Mrs., 
 Dilcomb, George, 
 Dillen, Mrs. R", 
 Donaldson, Mr., 
 Donaldson, Mrs. A., 
 Donarchy, John, 
 Donarchy, Benj., 
 Donarchy, Mrs.F. S. 
 Donnel, Esq., H., 
 Dorman, Peter, 
 Dorman, Mrs. C, 
 Dorough, Sarah, 
 .Dorough, James, 
 Dougal, Dr. John, 
 Doudle, Daniel, 
 Dovigal, Mrs. S. A., 
 Dreisbach, Martin, 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Aug, 
 Sept. 12 
 Mav 7 
 Sept. 11 
 Jime 23 
 Mar. 1 
 Julv — 
 Mar. 10 
 Aug. 11 
 Sept. — , 
 Apr. 5 
 Nov. 4 
 Jan. 27 
 June 30, 
 Jan. 27 
 Sept. 9, 
 Apr. 21 
 Mar. 22 
 Mav 18 
 Aug. 18 
 Jan. 5 
 Mar. 6 
 Mar. 20 
 Nov. 2: 
 Feb. i 
 Oct. 9 
 Feb. 15 
 Nov. 17 
 Aug. 14 
 June 17 
 Nov. 11 
 July 21 
 Feb. 1 
 Feb. 8, 
 Aug. 2 
 Aug. 16 
 Nov. 3, 
 Nov. 8 
 Aug. 17 
 Sept. 12, 
 May 19 
 Fail of 
 Dec. 13 
 July 15 
 
 < 
 
 1848 
 
 1857 
 
 1861 
 
 1862,81 
 
 1865 
 
 1875 73 
 
 1827 
 
 1847 
 
 1860 
 
 1860 
 
 1861 
 
 1855 168 
 
 186377 
 
 39 
 
 1870 
 1848 
 1872 
 1843 
 1876 
 1876 
 1853 
 1860 
 1866 
 1848 
 1850 
 1829 
 1832 
 1842 
 1848 
 1861 
 1862 
 1862 
 1864 
 1869 
 1873 
 1873 
 1859 
 1873 
 1875 
 1825 
 1876 
 1875 
 1819. 
 1842 
 1867 
 1823 
 1826 
 1841 
 1845 
 1872 
 1826 
 1874 
 1875 
 1832; 
 1860 
 1830 
 1828 
 1862 
 1831 
 
 80 
 
 Dreisbach, Ellis, 
 Dreisbach, Charles, 
 Dreisbach, John, 
 Dreisbach, Rev. J., 
 Dreisbach, Thomas, 
 Dreisbach, Mrs. E., 
 Duncan, James, 
 Dubois, James S., 
 Duncan Martha, 
 Duncan, David, 
 Duncan, Mrs. D., 
 Duncan, Thos. F., 
 Dundore, George, 
 Dunkle, Mrs., 
 Dunkle, Conrad, 
 Dunkle, John, 
 Dunkle, sr., .John, 
 Dunlap, Mrs. Mary, 
 Dunlap, John, 
 Dunn, Josiah, 
 Dunn, James, 
 Dunn, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Dunn, Mrs., 
 Dunseif, Hironem's, 
 Eartley, Mrs. Maria, 
 Eaton, Cyrus, 
 Eckert, George, 
 Eckert, George B., 
 Eckert, Mrs. N. B., 
 Egbert, jr., John, 
 Eilert, Mrs. Ann, 
 Eilert, Christopher, 
 Elder, Mrs. Eliza, 
 Elliott, John W., 
 Elliot, Henrietta G., 
 Ellis, Esq., H. D., 
 Ellis, William, 
 Ely, Issac, 
 Ely, Richard Har., 
 Engle, Solomon, 
 Engie, Samuel, 
 Engiehart, Mrs. H., 
 Ettman, John, 
 Evans, Josei^h, 
 Evans, Elizabeth, 
 Evans, Williara, 
 Evans, Dr. Chas. R., 
 Ewing, Joshua, 
 Ewing, Agnes, 
 Ewing, Mrs., 
 Ewing, James, 
 Ewing Rev. James, 
 Ewing, Elizabeth, 
 Eyer, Abraham, 
 Ever, Jacob, 
 Eyer, Jacob, 
 Eyer, jr., Isaac, 
 Eyerly, Prof. Jacob, 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Oct. 29 
 Apr. 29 
 Feb. 7 
 Aug. 19 
 May 4 
 Oct. 2 
 Oct. 12 
 June 7 
 Feb. 13 
 Sept. 6, 
 Sept. 8, 
 July 27 
 Mar. 31 
 Sept. 29 
 Jan. 26 
 Jan. 2 
 Feb. 18 
 Sept. 8 
 Sept. 26 
 
 Oct. U 
 June — 
 Feb. 18 
 Julv 12 
 Nov. 13 
 Mar. 9 
 Jan. 25 
 Julv 21 
 Mar. 10 
 
 :Vllg. 29 
 
 Apr. 7 
 Aug. 7 
 June 1 
 Jan. 20, 
 May 9 
 July 21 
 Sept. 19 
 Apr. 11 
 Oct. 15 
 Nov. 19 
 Nov. 6 
 Sept. 19 
 Sept. 22 
 Apr. 21 
 Mar. 26 
 Aug. 24 
 Sept. 23 
 July 22 
 Sept. — 
 Mar. 8 
 Mar. 22 
 Sept. 22 
 Aiig. 19 
 Oct. 30 
 Julv 14 
 Sept. 19 
 July 9 
 Aus. — 
 
 1860 
 
 1861 
 
 1869 
 
 1871 
 
 1872 
 
 1875 
 
 1843 
 
 1852 
 
 1847 
 
 1855 
 
 1865 
 
 1867 
 
 1866 
 
 1842 
 
 1845 
 
 1846 
 
 1864 
 
 1837 
 
 1842 
 
 1823 
 
 1849 
 
 1861 
 
 1862 
 
 1830 
 
 1842 
 
 1873 79 
 
 1850 
 
 1868 
 
 1876 
 
 1855 
 
 1874 
 
 1824 
 
 1870 
 
 1857 
 
 1872 
 
 1851 
 
 1868 
 
 1843 
 
 1849 
 
 1852 
 
 1872 
 
 1874 
 
 1827 
 
 1834 
 
 1836 
 
 1841 
 
 1867 
 
 1844 
 
 1851 
 
 1855 
 
 1856 
 
 1861 
 
 1869 
 
 1823 
 
 1827 
 
 1854 
 
 1868 
 
 1864 
 
 161 
 21 
 
 178 
 ,82 
 177' 
 i73 
 ;85 
 156 
 65 
 58 
 
 80 
 
 69 
 
 195 
 164 
 
 145 
 
 55 
 
 170 
 >78 
 ■72 
 
 64 
 160 
 
 40 
 160 
 
 45 
 169 
 
 22 
 55 
 63 
 
 28 
 
 :80 
 
 25 
 
 45 
 74 
 53 
 75 
 
 28 
 145 
 75 
 
S6S 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Sept. 25, 1854 36 
 June 9, ISfil 26 
 Apr. 12, 1830 
 Sept. 22, 1827 
 Sept. 7, 1826 
 Sept. 7, 1826 
 — , 1823 
 Feb. 9, 1854 
 May 16, 1855 
 Jan. 27, 1857 
 Julv 30, 1824 
 Mar. 29, 1875 
 May 31, 1874 
 Mar. 13, 1846 
 Sept. 6, 1853:64 
 Jan. 4, 1860 43 
 .Jan. 29, 1834]76 
 Mar. 11, 184-1 
 Aug. 9, 1849 
 Mar. 26, 1853 
 July 2, 1864 
 
 Farley, Abraham, July 29, 1875 84 
 Faries,Fsq., Robert, Nov. 12, 1S64 60 
 Fetter, Mrs. Abram, Oct. 21, 1868}78 
 Fetter, Abram, May 4, 1876 84 
 
 Fenner, Marv R., Aug. 13, 1865 74 
 Fess, David, July 29, 1876 76 
 
 Fessler, Mrs. Mary, Sept. 21, 1854 64 
 Fessler, Jacob, ' " "~ ' "" 
 
 Fiedler, Fred. G., 
 Fields, Emily, 
 Fillman, Jacob, 
 Finney, .Jaines, 
 Finney, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Fisher, Rebecca, 
 Fisher, Lieut. Thos. 
 Fisher, Esq., A. C, 
 Fisher, Rev. A., 
 Fleming, .Tames, 
 Follmer, Daniel, 
 Fleming, Gen. Rob. 
 Follmer, Thomas, 
 Follmer, Mrs. M., 
 Forry, Nathan, shff. 
 Forster, Robert, 
 Forster, Joseph, 
 Forster, John, 
 Forster, William, 
 Forster, .John, 
 
 Forster, Mary Lou.,|Maf. 19, 1865 
 Forster, John V., Mar. 19, 1865 
 Forster, William, 
 Forster, Mrs. Jane, 
 Forster, T. H. B., 
 Fowler, Mrs. A., 
 Fox, Peter, 
 Frain de, Henry, 
 Frank, John Pliilip, 
 Frederick, Philip, 
 Frederick, Matilda, 
 Frick, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Frick, Dr. Clar. H. 
 Frick, Esq., G. A., 
 Fries, Rev. Just H. 
 — Ji'ries, John, 
 Frock, Heni-y, 
 Fryer, Jacob, 
 Fulmer, Andrew, 
 Gable, John, 
 
 Gearhart, John L., Nov. 6, 1860 
 Gebhart, Jonathan, Nov. 3, 1838 
 Gebhart, George, Dec. 13, 1876 
 Geddes, John R., Jan. 7, 1837 
 Geddes, Miss Maria, Oct. 1, 1854 
 Gemberling,Mrs.E.'Oct. 13, 1861 
 
 Mar. 27, 1865 
 Sept. 29, 1868 
 Jan. 16, 1861 
 Sept. 24, 1860 
 Jan. 10, 1856 
 Jan. 4, 1864 
 Sept. 25, 1856 
 Feb. 19, 1852 
 Sept. 6, 1866 
 Sept. 2, 1859 
 .Tan. 21, 1861 
 June 10, 1872 
 Oct. 9, 1839 
 May 1, 1869 
 Nov. 25, 1861 
 Feb. 13, 1864 
 Apr. 5, 1862 
 Sept. 11, 1873 
 
 43 
 
 72 
 
 63 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Gember]ing,Phi]ip,iApr. 26, 1870,75 
 George, Rev. John, |Dec. 13, 1867160 
 George, Sarah Ann, iFeb. 18, 1864;39 
 German, Jacob, 'Jan. 6, 1848 60 
 
 Gessner, Francis J., Sept. 9, 1855 36 
 
 Gessner, Mrs. F. J., Sept. 9, 1855 35 
 
 Getz, Mrs. Barbara, Jan. 13, 1864 66 
 
 Geyer, Adam, Dec. 13, 1832 
 
 Gibbons, Hugh, Apr. 7, 1871 
 
 Gibson, Henrv, Aug. 22, 1871 
 
 Gilfillan, Dr. Ed., Apr. 12, 1833 
 
 Ginter, Mrs. Ann, Sept. 24, 1863 
 
 Ginter, Charles, Dec. 17, 1836 
 
 Glass, Joseph, July 25, 1870 
 
 Glass, Mrs. Mary A., Apr. 30, 1870 
 
 Glover, John, Mar. — , 1825 
 
 Glover, Esq., Wm., Nov. 8, 1854 
 
 Glover, Esq., John, Mav, 17, 1862 
 
 Goddard, Abner S., Sept. 11, 1852 
 
 Goodlander, J. V., Aug. 22, 1863 
 
 Gordon, Mrs. Har., Julv 17, 1846 
 
 Gordon, Mary, Sept. 20, 1855 
 
 Gottshall, David, July 14, 1849 
 
 Graham, Alex. Aug, 23, 18.39 
 
 Graham, T. W., .Tuly 22, 1859 
 
 Graham, Mrs. M.M., Mar. 18, 1863 
 
 Graham, Thomas, Aug. 20, 1864 
 
 Graham, Rosetta, Aug. 4, 1872 
 
 Graham, H. Spyker, Aug. 28, 1868 
 
 Grant, Deborah, Feb. 22, 1847 
 
 Gray, John, Mar. 23, 1849 
 
 Gray, Robert, Oct. 17, 1854 
 
 Gregg, Mrs. C. H., Jan. 14, 1865 
 
 Gregg, Andrew, Mav 14, 1869 
 
 Green, Dr. Geo.,W., Jan. 12, 1848 
 
 Green, Robert B., Dec. 29, 1849 
 
 Green, Abbot, Mar. 23, 1851 
 
 Green, Mrs. Marg., Sept. 6, 1856 
 
 Green, Margaret, May 7, 1858 
 
 Green, Thomas, Dec. 3, 1865 
 
 Green, Mrs. Eliz., June 6, 1867 
 
 Green, Mrs. J. H., Apr. 30, 1870 
 
 Greenough, Esq.,E. Dec. 25, 1847 
 
 Grier, Thomas, . Feb. 2, 1829 
 
 Grier, Joseph F., Feb. 10, 1858 
 
 Grier, Thomas G., Oct. 6, 1864 
 
 Grier, Maria Jane, Dec. 7, 1865 
 
 Grier, Mrs. Marg., June 1, 1870 
 
 Groff, Abraham., Oct. 8, 1873 
 
 Grove, Mrs, Cath., Feb. 29, 1848 
 
 Gross, Henry, Aug. 15, 1842 
 
 Grove, Mrs. "Nancy, June 12, 1853 
 
 Grove, Michael, Sept. — , 1827 
 
 Grove, David, May 30, 1866 
 
 Grove, Eliza, Nov. 3, 1869 
 
 Grove Samuel, Sept. 1, 1873 
 
 Gudykunst, Chas.. Jan. 13, 1865 
 
 Gun'drum, George, Apr. 29, 1853 
 
 Gundy, Eliza, May 15, 1829 
 
 Gundy, Christain, Sept. 30, 1836 
 
 Gundy, George, Nov. 6, 1843 
 
 Gundv, William S., Mar. 13. 1846 
 
 78 
 63 
 64 
 60 
 
 77 
 61 
 
 70 
 80 
 44 
 50 
 52 
 
 45 
 
 53 
 
 77 
 42 
 
 59 
 
 84 
 70 
 28 
 78 
 
 28 
 68 
 77 
 45 
 52 
 46 
 61 
 
 31 
 
 56 
 24 
 33 
 62 
 63 
 79 
 80 
 32 
 
 54 
 
 78 
 75 
 66 
 45 
 
 Vp 
 
 A 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 5(^9 
 
 Date of h 
 Death. 2 
 
 Gundy, John, Oct. 
 
 Gutelius, Fred., May 
 Gutelius, Esq., I., Sept. 
 Gutelius, Rev. S., July 
 Gutelius, Andrew, Sept. 
 Guyer, Adam, July 
 
 Guyer, Peter, Sept. 
 
 Guyer, Rev. John, Dec. 
 Guj'-er, Israel, Mar. 
 
 Guyer .John, Mar. 
 
 Haak, .John, Mar. 
 
 Hackenberg, Peter, Dec. 
 Hafer, Mrs. Eliz., Jan. 
 Hafer, Mrs. Eliz., AjDr. 
 Hafer, .Jacob, Oct. 
 
 Hagenbucli, Peter, Feb. 
 Halfpenny, Mrs. C, June 
 Hall, Esq., Charles, Mar. 
 Hall, Ebenezer. Ajar. 
 Hall, Rev. Wni. M., Aug. 
 Hall, John, jOct. 
 
 Hammond, Joseph, 
 
 Hammond, Marg., Oct. 
 Hammond, Oscar, Mar. 
 Hann, Jacob, Mar. 
 
 Hann, .Jared, Aug. 
 
 Hannah, John, Aug. 
 
 Hai-baugh, Mrs. L., Sept. 
 Harkens, John, July 
 
 Harbaugh, Rev. H., Dec. 
 Harimer, Mrs. M., Dec. 
 Harmon, Susan, Oct. 
 
 Harmony, Benj., : 
 
 Harris, Sally, Dec. 
 
 Harris, Mrs." Mary, Dec. 
 Harris, Mrs. Mary, Oct. 
 Harris, Caroline D., Sept. 
 Harris James, J^dy 
 
 Harris, Miss M., Feb. 
 Harrison, .James,, July 
 Harrison, Hon. Jas., Apr. 
 Hartman, George, July 
 Hassenplug, J. H. ISTov. 
 
 Hassenplug, , Apr. 
 
 Hassenplug, Wm., Feb. 
 Hauck, George, Mar. 
 
 Haupt, jr., Sam'l, Jan. 
 Haupt, Esq., Sam'l, Feb. 
 Hans, .JohUj July 
 
 Hans, Susannah, July 
 Haus, Jacob, Oct. 
 
 Hawn, Mrs. Eliz., Sept. 
 Hawn, Daniel, Dec. 
 
 Hawn, Nancy Jane, Jan. 
 Hayes, Mrs. Mary, Dec. 
 Hayes, Mrs. Emily, Ajjr. 
 Hayes, Sarah, JAug. 
 
 Hayes, John, I Mar. 
 
 51 
 
 1864 66 
 1839:72 
 1863,60 
 1866:72 
 1874166 
 1835 
 1843] 84 
 1867 60 
 1875 54 
 1875 57 
 1828 
 1847 75 
 1873 80 
 1875 76 
 1875 79 
 1875 60 
 1877 54 
 1825 
 1847 
 1849 
 1856 
 1823 
 1835 
 1857 35 
 1841 ! 
 1864^51 
 1832 83 
 1847 23 
 1870 50 
 1867 
 1872 
 1875 
 1833 
 1827 
 1842 
 1863 
 1864 
 1868 
 1873 
 1850 
 1866 
 1861 
 1829 
 1859 
 1876 
 1864 
 1864 
 1869 
 1849 
 1852 
 1855 
 1865 
 
 1865 84 
 1859 33 
 1827 
 1830 
 1845 
 1850 
 
 67 
 
 Hayes, R. G. H., 
 Hayes, Esq., David, 
 Heckel, Mrs. Mary, 
 Heckel, Mrs. Han'h, 
 Heckendorn, D., 
 Heinbach, George, 
 Heinly, .John, 
 Heiser, Catherine, 
 Heiser, Frederick, 
 Heitzman, Jacob, 
 Hendrick, Andrew, 
 Henderson, Sam'l, 
 Henning, John, 
 Hepburn, Esq., S., 
 Herbst, Ilenry, 
 Herbst, Henry, 
 Herbst, Mrs. Cath., 
 Herbst, Mrs. M. M., 
 Herbst, .Josiah, 
 Herbst, Esq., D., 
 Herr, David, 
 Hertz, .John, 
 Hess, Henry, 
 Hess, jr., Ilenry, 
 Hess, Mrs. Eliz"., 
 Hess, Mrs. L. C, 
 Heverling, John, 
 Hicks, Cliristian, 
 Hicks, Mrs. C, 
 Hickok, John H., 
 Hickok, Mrs. M. L., 
 Higgins, Chas. W., 
 High, .John, 
 High, Elizabeth M., 
 Hilands, Robert, 
 Hilbourn, James, 
 Himmelreich, P., 
 Hinnnelreich, Dan., 
 Himmelreich, j r. , P. 
 Himmelreich, D., 
 Hixson, Mrs. Jane, 
 Hoffman, Mrs. L., 
 Hoffman, Mrs. C, 
 Hoffman, Mrs. C, 
 Hogendobler, Jos., 
 Hood, Jane, 
 Hood, -Julia, 
 Hood, Wilson H., 
 Hood, Catherine, 
 Hoover, George, 
 Horning, Mrs. Ann, 
 Horlacher, Daniel, 
 Houghton, Mrs. S., 
 Houghton, M. A., 
 Houghton, John, 
 Houghton, .Jas. M., 
 Housel, William, 
 Housel, Mrs. Wm., 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 May 2 
 .June 15 
 Sept. 15 
 Dec. 13 
 Apr. 26 
 Oct. 23 
 Feb. 27 
 Dec. 18 
 Mar. 27 
 Sept. 7, 
 Feb. 15 
 Sept. 29, 
 .June 18 
 Oct. 16 
 Aug. 15 
 Apr. 22 
 Sept. 24, 
 Aug. 3 
 Nov. 27 
 Feb. 16 
 Feb. — 
 June 16 
 Apr. 7 
 Mar. 9 
 May, 8 
 Apr. 25 
 Feb. 15 
 Dec. 22 
 Jan. 27 
 .Jan. 14 
 Sept. 4 
 Jan. 2 
 Sept. 20, 
 Jan. 29 
 
 Mar. 15 
 Nov. 2 
 Jan. — 
 Sept. 2 
 June 12 
 Feb. 21 
 Nov. 17 
 Apr. 20 
 July 28 
 July 6 
 Feb. 26 
 Mar. 11 
 May 26 
 June 9, 
 July 21 
 Mar. 10, 
 July 24 
 Jan. 21 
 Sept. 1 
 Oct. 25 
 Apr. 26 
 Aug. 9 
 July 7 
 
 59 
 !49 
 
 87 
 41 
 '59 
 
 '75 
 
 1854 , 
 1858 - 
 1864 
 1871 
 
 1864 . 
 1860 , 
 1845 ' 
 1844 172 
 1845 73 
 1861 
 1868 80 
 18751 
 1853 
 
 1865 1 
 1829 
 1848 I 
 
 1863 
 1866 
 1870 
 1875 
 1872 
 1872 
 1858 
 1860 
 1864 
 1876 
 1869 
 1853 
 1863 
 1841 
 1868 
 1862 
 1855 
 1860 
 1824 
 1851 
 1828 
 1830 
 1866 
 1873 
 1876 
 1872 
 1875 
 1876 
 1864 
 1826 
 1839 
 1849 
 1867 
 1869 
 1842 
 1873 
 1847 
 1853 
 1863 
 1873 
 1829 
 1835 
 
 84 
 
 84 
 7 
 82 
 41 
 94 
 51 
 60 
 63 
 46 
 62 
 23 
 67 
 49 
 69 
 
 84 
 
570 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Housel, William L., 
 Housel, Jacob, 
 Housel, Capt. Win., 
 Housel, Joshua, 
 Housel, Jacob, 
 Housel, Mrs. Mary, 
 Housel, Wni. Esq., 
 Housel, Mrs. Mary, 
 Howard, Elizabeth, 
 Howard, Thomas, 
 Howard, Mrs. E., 
 Howard Thomas, 
 Howard, David, 
 Howard, Laird, 
 Hoy, John, 
 Hubler, .John, 
 Hubler, Mrs. John, 
 Hubler, Henry, 
 Huft; Mrs. Marg., 
 Humes, Samuel, 
 Hummel, Mrs. Chr. 
 Hummel, .John, 
 Hummel, Capt. J., 
 Hummel, Daniel, 
 Hunsicker, Cath., 
 Hunter, Montg. 
 Hunter, Barbara H. 
 Huntingdon, John, 
 Hursh, Henry, 
 Hursh, Mrs. 
 Hursh, George, 
 Hursh, Samuel, 
 Huston, Hon. Chas., 
 Hutcheson, Mrs. P., 
 Hutcheson, John, 
 Hutcheson, James, 
 Hutchinson, M. A., 
 Iddings, Henry, 
 Iddings, Samuel, 
 Iddings, Isaac, 
 Iddings, Elizabeth, 
 Iddings, Abigail, 
 Iddings, Mrs. Isab., 
 Iddings, Thomas, 
 Iddings, Lewis, 
 Iddings, Mrs. Mary, 
 Iddings, Sarah Em. 
 Ingram, John S., 
 Ireland, John W., 
 Irvine, Mrs. Nancy, 
 Irvine, Susan, 
 Irvin, Sarah Harris, 
 Irwm, Mrs. Nancy, 
 James, Mrs. Marg't, 
 Jenks, Mrs. A., 
 Jodon, Casper, 
 Jodon, Joseph, 
 Johnson, Jacob, 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Aug. 3 
 July 26 
 Juiie 7 
 Sept. 17 
 Aug. 4 
 Julv 30 
 Apr. 21 
 Dec. 14 
 IMar. 30 
 Jan. 15 
 May 21 
 July 17 
 Nov. 15 
 Mar. 19 
 Aug. 27 
 Mar. 14 
 Mar. 27 
 July 3 
 Sept. 22, 
 Mar. 28 
 Aug. 
 July 11 
 Dec. 17 
 Sept. 7 
 July 5 
 Aug. 18 
 Apr. 7 
 Feb. 8, 
 Aug. 15 
 Jan. 27 
 May 2 
 Dec. 14 
 Nov. 10 
 June 10 
 Jan. 22 
 Oct. 13 
 Oct 
 
 May 16 
 Mar. 8 
 Aug. 24 
 Nov. 7 
 Mar, 
 Jan. 4 
 Apr. 22 
 Oct. 14 
 Jan. 25 
 July 6 
 Mar. 1 
 Jan. 23 
 
 Aug, 6 
 July 31 
 Feb. 5 
 June 3 
 
 19 
 
 80 
 
 65 
 
 , 1849 
 , 1850 
 , 1850 
 
 , 1852 
 , 1859 1 60 
 , 1860 66 
 , 1867 77 
 , 1868 '82 
 , 1829 
 , 1842 
 , 1842 
 , 1859 
 , 1859 
 , 1870 
 , 1853:86 
 , 1845182 
 , 1845 '80 
 , 1874173 
 , 1832 
 , 1859 
 , 1847 
 , 1853 72 
 , 1860 80 
 , 1861 176 
 , 1872.80 
 , 1860 46 
 , 1862169 
 , 1873*65 
 , 1829 
 , 1848 
 , 1873 
 , 1875 70 
 , 1849 
 , 1825 
 , 1828 
 , 1860 '43 
 1, 1868 
 , 1820 
 , 1820 
 , 1823 
 , 1823 
 , 1828 
 , 1838 
 , 1848 73 
 , 1857:37 
 , 1861 40 
 , 1862 19 
 , 1848! 
 , 1862 19 
 , 18301 
 , 18341 
 , 1857 96 
 , 1830 
 , 1823 
 , 1859 
 , 1826 
 , 1863 j74 
 , 18351 
 
 77 
 
 Johnson, Abel, 
 •Johnson, Mrs. S. J., 
 .Jones, Thomas, 
 .Jones, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Jones, Mary A., 
 Jordan, Mrs. M. H., 
 .Joyce, Isabel, 
 .Joyce, Dr. William, 
 Ivaufman, Peter, 
 Kaufman, John, 
 Kaufman, David, 
 Kaufman, Mrs. L., 
 Kaufman, Mrs. D., 
 Kaufman, Daniel, 
 Kaufman, J as. B., 
 Kaufman, Isaac, 
 Kaufman, Mrs.H. B. 
 Kay, .James, 
 Keeler, .Jacob, 
 Keeler, Mrs. Barb., 
 Keiser, John, 
 Keiser, Jacob, 
 Kelly, William, 
 Kelly, Mrs. S., 
 Kelly, James W., 
 Kelly, Esq., Col. J., 
 Kelly, .James S., 
 Kelly, .Joseph, 
 Kelly, Robert H., 
 Kelly, Peter M., 
 Ivelly, .James M., 
 Kelly, Rev. Joshua, 
 Ivelly, Ellen, 
 Kelly, Robert, 
 Kelly, Andrew, 
 Kellv, Mrs. H., 
 Kelly, David H., 
 Kennedy, Mrs. N., 
 Kennedy, Andrew, 
 Kerr, Hamlet A., 
 Kessler, Catherine, 
 Kessler, Esq., W., 
 Jvetchitm, Mrs. M., 
 Ivetner, Catherine, 
 Kiehl, George W., 
 Kieffer, Miss Sallie, 
 Kietfer, Henry, 
 Kimbell, John, 
 Kimple, Adam, 
 Ivimple, .John, 
 Ivimple, ]\'Iiss Sarah, 
 King, sr., James, 
 King, Mrs. Marg. 
 Kingan, Sarah, 
 Kinkead, .Joseph, 
 Kinkead, Eug. W., 
 Ivirkpatrick,Rey.D. 
 Kleckner, Solomon, 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Nov. 19, 
 Apr. 14 
 Oct. 15 
 June 15 
 May 11 
 Feb. 3 
 July 27 
 Apr. 18 
 Dec. 10 
 Nov. .30, 
 Sept. 27 
 Dec. 24 
 May, 1 
 Jaii. 7 
 Julv 6 
 July 18 
 May 31 
 Apr. 22 
 Mar. 8 
 Dec. 13 
 Nov. 23 
 Feb, 12 
 Jan. 27 
 Jan. 2 
 Dec. 26 
 Feb. 18 
 May 14 
 Mar. 2 
 Nov. 26 
 Aug. 19 
 Mar. 27 
 Apr. 10 
 Jime 16 
 Apr. 12 
 Sept. 24 
 Feb. 20 
 Feb. 11 
 Feb. 24 
 Aug. 24 
 Sept. 3 
 Sept. 1 
 Feb. 21 
 July 13 
 July 13 
 July 3, 
 June 11 
 Aug. 4 
 May 19 
 Dec. 17 
 Mar. 12 
 Jan. 11 
 Dec. 15 
 Apr. 5 
 July 2 
 Dec. 17 
 
 .Jan. 5 
 Aug. 18 
 
 ,83 
 I 86 
 
 1849 
 1862 29 
 1833 i 
 1847,84 
 18(53 
 
 1857 62 
 1850 
 1851 
 1845 
 1849 
 1863 
 
 1859 73 
 1861125 
 1866 165 
 1866180 
 187160 
 
 1872 69 
 1856 76 
 1870 90 
 
 1869 84 
 1850 
 1867 60 
 1830 
 1831 
 1831 
 18.32 88 
 1854 39 
 
 1860 67 
 1860 
 
 1861 27 
 
 1862 23 
 1862 40 
 1862 34 
 1865 77 
 
 1867 84 
 
 1868 77 
 
 1875 72 
 1865 57 
 
 1870 75 
 1849 
 1827 
 1861 80 
 1870 81 
 1826 54 
 
 1858 53 
 
 1873 55 
 
 1874 66 
 187() 74 
 1831 
 
 1856 76 
 
 1876 73 
 1870 94 
 1874 80 
 
 1857 90 
 1845 
 1846 
 18(;9 74 
 1837 72 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 57^ 
 
 Kleckner, John, 
 Kleckner, William, 
 Kleckner, George, 
 Kleckner, Isaac, 
 Kline, Jacob, 
 Kleckner, Eliz., 
 Kleckner, Miss M., 
 Kline, Charles, 
 Kline, John H., 
 Kling, Jeremiah, 
 Kling, Jolm, 
 Kling, Jolm, 
 Klingaman, Peter, 
 Knarr Anna Mary, 
 Knittle, Mrs., 
 Knight, Mrs. Rach., 
 Kohler, Anna, 
 Koser, Jonatlian, 
 Koser, Joim, 
 Kratzer, Daniel, 
 Kreamer, Mrs.Abr., 
 Kreamer, Abraliam, 
 Krenier, Hon. Geo., 
 Kreamer, Micliael, 
 Kreider, Hon. Jac, 
 Kreitzer, Fred., 
 Lafey, ISIargaret, 
 Lafey, Isaac, 
 Lairfi, Mattliew, 
 Laird, Rev. Matt. 
 Laird, Mrs, Matt. 
 Laird, .lane, 
 Laird, Mrs. Maria, 
 Laird, Col. S. H., 
 Laird, Mrs. Jane, 
 Laird, Matthew, 
 Lantz, Samuel, 
 Lashells, ,Tolm, 
 Lashells, Mrs. Geo., 
 Lasliells, George R., 
 Lashells, Mrs. Mart. 
 Lashells, Marg, C, 
 Lashells, George, 
 Lashells, jr., John, 
 Lasliells, Ida, 
 Lashells, Elean. C, 
 Love, William, 
 Love, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Lawrence, George, 
 Lawson, Josepli, 
 Lawshe, sr., John, 
 Lawshe, jr., John, 
 Lawson, Mrs. Nan., 
 Lebkicker, Mich., 
 Lebkicker, Pliilip, 
 Lebkicker, John, 
 Lee, Catherine, 
 Lehman, Mrs. Han. 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Aug. 23, 
 .Tan. 5, 
 May 3, 
 May 14, 
 Nov. 15, 
 Julv 19, 
 Aug. 9, 
 Mar. 22, 
 Mar. 28, 
 Jan. 20, 
 Jan. 22, 
 Julv 17, 
 Apr. 27, 
 Mar. 1, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Oct. 17, 
 June 7, 
 Mav 12, 
 Oct". 17, 
 Apr. 4, 
 Dec. 13, 
 Mar. 2, 
 Sept. 10, 
 Aug. 23, 
 May 13, 
 Feb. 4, 
 Apr. 22, 
 Mar. 1, 
 Oct. — , 
 May 4, 
 Mai-. 1, 
 Mav 29, 
 Julv 7, 
 Mar. 14, 
 Apr. 4, 
 Oct. 29, 
 July 30, 
 Feb. 7, 
 July 7, 
 Apr. 16, 
 Oct. 12, 
 
 May 29' 
 Sept. 14, 
 Mar. 15, 
 Dec. 2, 
 
 Dec. 30, 
 Feb. 24, 
 Feb. 8, 
 Sept. 14, 
 Apr. 19, 
 Jan. 28, 
 Sept. 19, 
 Mar. 18, 
 Mar. — , 
 Nov. 15, 
 
 79 
 
 1839 
 
 1861 
 
 1874 
 
 1877 
 
 1852 
 
 1876 
 
 1829 
 
 1860 
 
 1868 
 
 1861 
 
 1863 
 
 1872 
 
 1848 
 
 1875 
 
 1860 
 
 1875 
 
 1868 
 
 1864 
 
 1873 
 
 1869 
 
 1842 
 
 1847 
 
 1854 
 
 1855 56 
 
 1852 77 
 
 1868! 
 
 1855:64 
 
 186070 
 
 1821 
 
 1834 
 
 1837 
 
 18491 
 
 1862 71 
 1870 66 
 
 1863 89 
 1867 
 1850 
 1832 
 1834 
 1835 
 1837 
 1845 
 1844 
 1845 
 1849 
 1850 
 1834 
 1842 
 1863 
 1843 
 1832 
 1845 
 1867 
 1848 
 1854 
 1870 
 1853 
 1875 74 
 
 84 
 
 74 
 
 Lee, James, 
 Leiby, Christena, 
 Leiby, Jacob, 
 Leiby, George, 
 Leiby, John, 
 Leinbach, Rev. T., 
 Leisenring, John, 
 Leiser, Jacob, 
 Leonard, Peter, 
 Lepley, Jacob, 
 Lepley, George, 
 Levan, Mrs. Sophia, 
 Levy, Esq., Daniel, 
 Lewis, Mrs. Mary, 
 Lewis, John, 
 Lewis, Tliomas R., 
 Lincoln, John, 
 Linn, William, 
 Linn, Mrs. Ann, 
 Linn, Franklin F., 
 Linn, John, 
 Linn, David, 
 Linn, Mrs. Marg'j^, 
 Linn, Mrs. Marg't I. 
 Linn, Esq., Jas. F., 
 Locker, John, 
 Long, Jonathan, 
 Long, .Tacob, 
 Long, Mrs., 
 Long, Ephriam, 
 Long, Mrs. Mary, 
 Longbay, Caroline, 
 Longmore, Rev. D., 
 Lotz, Mrs. Ann, 
 Lotz, Henry, 
 Lotz, Dr. Joseph R., 
 Ludwig, Dr. W. H., 
 Ludwig, Daniel, 
 Ludwig, Sam'l W., 
 Luker, John, 
 Lyndall, Henry, 
 Lyndall, Steph. F., 
 McAlarnev, John, 
 McBeth, Eliz. A., 
 McBeth, Andrew, 
 McBeth, John A. H. 
 McCall, John, 
 McCall, jr., John, 
 McCarty, William, 
 MoClanachan, And. 
 McClanachan, Mrs., 
 McClearv, John, 
 McClearv, Dr.W., 
 McClellan, Ruth, 
 McClellan, Sam'l, 
 McClellan, Mrs. M., 
 McClellan, Marg., 
 McClure, Jona., 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 May — , 
 July — , 
 May 21, 
 Aug. 9, 
 Oct. 21, 
 Mar. 31, 
 Jan. 24, 
 May 28, 
 Jan. — , 
 Jan. 17, 
 Jan. 23, 
 Aug. — , 
 May 12, 
 Aug. 18, 
 May 20, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Aug. 19, 
 Oct. 26, 
 Sept. 4, 
 Nov. 27, 
 Sept. 28, 
 July 26, 
 Nov. 19, 
 -Tune 2, 
 Oct. 8, 
 May 5, 
 July 8, 
 Oct. 31, 
 July 13, 
 Jan. 13, 
 .Tan. 27, 
 June 30, 
 Sept. 12, 
 Aug. 8, 
 Apr. 6, 
 Jan. 18, 
 Nov. 28, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Oct. 2, 
 .Tan. 2, 
 Nov. 26, 
 May 12, 
 May 16, 
 Dec. 20, 
 Julv 3, 
 Octr 12, 
 May 28, 
 Nov. 24, 
 Apr. 8, 
 Mar. 19, 
 Jan. 30, 
 June 21, 
 Dec. 4, 
 
 Feb. 7' 
 Mar. 29, 
 Jan. 7, 
 
 Nov. 10, 
 
 1853 
 
 1852 ■ 
 
 1856 i 
 
 1872' 
 
 1872- 
 
 18641 
 
 1859' 
 
 1862 i 
 1862 
 18481 
 18741 
 1847 
 1844 ■ 
 1846' 
 18691 
 1872' 
 1862: 
 1834 
 1841: 
 1846 
 1847 
 1848' 
 1865 \ 
 
 1868 ( 
 
 1869 I 
 I860: 
 1824 : 
 1828 
 1847 
 1856' 
 1863 
 1862 
 1855 
 1824 
 1845' 
 1875' 
 1848' 
 1855 
 I860. 
 1850 
 I860' 
 1856 ■ 
 18761 
 1850 
 1854' 
 1854 
 
 1863 60 
 186430 
 1861 75 
 1836 
 1846 
 1851 
 1867 
 1820 
 1854 
 1858:87 
 186361 
 1825 1 
 
 177 
 ;80 
 ;65 
 67 
 62 
 175 
 ;83 
 
 ;66 
 63 
 
 77 
 78 
 '91 
 
 77 
 iSO 
 
 91 
 
 ;71 
 
 .85 
 ;64 
 
 67 
 1 76 
 
 24 
 
 41 
 
 ,48 
 .76 
 ;40 
 
 I 50 
 
 I 
 
 146 
 43 
 65 
 
 I 
 :77 
 
 38 
 
 65 
 
 78 
 
572 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 McClure, Richard, >Iar. 26, 
 McClare, Roan, Oct. 18, 
 McClure, Mrs. H., 'Aug. 20, 
 McClure, .James, Avig. 30, 
 McClure, .Tane, July 6, 
 
 McClure, Richard, Aug. 7, 
 McClure, Alex., Sept. 25, 
 McClure, Nancy ]Sr.,ISept. 24, 
 McClure, Mrs. M., !Oct. 24, 
 McClure, Hannah, Oct. 21, 
 McClure, William, jNov. 20, 
 McClure, Miss .Jane, Dec. 21, 
 McClure, Miss .Jane, July 17, 
 McClure, Robt. M.,'Jan. 2, 
 
 McCool, Esq., Jos., — , 
 
 McCorley, Esq., R., Dec. 11, 
 McCorlev, Esq., J., Apr. 15, 
 McCorm'ick, W. S., Dec. 7, 
 McCoy, William, Dec. 1, 
 McCoy, Mrs. Eliz., Nov. 11, 
 McCreight, James, June 80, 
 McCreight, Mary D. Sept. 22, 
 McDowel, George, May 26, 
 McEwing, Alex., Nov. 26, 
 McFadden, John, Feb. 9, 
 McFadden, Mrs. C.,'Oct. 15, 
 McFadden, Mrs. N., Mar. 2, 
 McFadden, Col. J., June 18, 
 McFadden, J. A., July 27, 
 McGrady, Alex., 
 McGrady, Alex., 
 McG-rady, William, 
 McGrady, Mrs. E., 
 McGregor, Charles, 
 McGuigan, Col. R., 
 McGuire, Rachel, 
 McGuire, Mrs., 
 McGuire, Thomas, 
 McGuire, John, 
 McKean, Hon. S., 
 Mclvinley, Cath., 
 McKinney, Jacob, 
 Mclvinty," John, 
 McLaugiilin, Wm., 
 McLaughlin, Dr. R. 
 McLaughlin, Wm., 
 McLaughlin, Jas., 
 McLaughlin, Marg., 
 McLaughlin, .Jane, 
 McLaughlin, Mrs. E 
 McLaughlin, Hugh, 
 McMahon, Samuel, 
 McNeil Dr. C. J., 
 Mabus, Joseph, 
 Machamer, Daniel, 
 Mackey, Mrs. T. S., 
 Mackey, sr., Thos., 
 Mackey, jr., Thos., 
 
 June 3 
 Mar. 2, 
 Aug. 26, 
 Aug. 22, 
 
 Mar. — , 
 Dec. 14, 
 June 23, 
 Oct. 17, 
 Feb. 5, 
 Feb. 24, 
 Mar. 26, 
 Jan. 12, 
 Mar. — , 
 Dec. 25, 
 Apr. 19, 
 July 9, 
 Apr. 16, 
 Feb. 9, 
 June 11, 
 Aug. — , 
 Feb. 18, 
 Aug. 3, 
 May 1, 
 Aug. 4, 
 IFeb. 14, 
 
 1833 
 1S33 
 
 1838 
 
 1840 
 
 18491 
 
 1850 
 
 18531 
 
 1854,73 
 
 18551 
 
 1859 61 
 
 1859 36 
 
 1876 1 88 
 
 1875 [55 
 
 1876,62 
 
 1844 
 
 1869,86 
 
 187282 
 
 1868 29 
 
 1846 j 
 
 1869:76 
 
 1862 
 
 1865 22 
 1864145 
 1850,94 
 1835 
 1845! 
 1848 90 
 1851 1 
 1855 31 
 1830 
 1812 
 1836 
 1861 
 
 1866 52 
 1850 
 
 96 
 
 1834 
 
 1844 
 
 1845 
 
 1852 
 
 1840 
 
 18(52 
 
 1861 
 
 1856 
 
 1831 
 
 1832 
 
 1834 
 
 1845 
 
 1848 
 
 1862 57 
 
 1865 59 
 
 1871 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 1854 
 1864 
 1876 
 1856 
 1828 
 1849 
 1860 
 
 Maclay, David, June — , 
 
 Maclay, Ann, jJuly 6, 
 
 Maclay, Mrs. Ann, iMay ,12, 
 Maclay, Esq., John,' June 25, 
 Macpherson, .John, |Aug. 2, 
 Macpherson,Mrs. J. Sept. 6, 
 Madden, Esq., Jas.,|Nov. 19, 
 Mader, George, Apr. 17, 
 
 Magee, Levina, | — , 
 
 Magee, James, 
 Magee, Levina, 
 Magee, Mrs. And'w, 
 Magee, .James, 
 Magee, Joseph, 
 Magee, Andrew, 
 Magee, John T., 
 Magee, Esq., Jas., 
 Magee, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Magee, Mrs. Susan, 
 Magee, Mrs. Susan, 
 Magee, Eleanor S., 
 Maize, John, 
 Maize, Mrs. T^ydia, 
 Manning, Henry, 
 Markle, Gideon, 
 Marr, David, 
 Marr. Rev. P. B., 
 Marsh, Fred. C, 
 Marshall, .James, 
 Marshall, Judge J., 
 Martin, Hugh, 
 Martin, Esq., J. M., 
 Martin, Esq., .J., 
 Mason, Maria D., 
 Mason, Henry, 
 Mathers, Mary, 
 Mathers, Mrs. Ann, 
 Mathers, Mrs. El'n, 
 Mathers, Peter, 
 Mathers, Mrs., 
 Mathers, James, 
 Mauck, .Jacob, 
 Mans, Esq., Chas., 
 Maus, Emily, 
 Maus, Lewis, 
 Maxwell, Mrs. S., 
 Maxwell, Esq., H., 
 Maxwell, Capt. J. G. 
 Meixell, George, 
 Meixell, Joseph, 
 Mensch, Rev. Nich., 
 Mensch, Mrs. Maria, 
 Mensch, Miss Sarah, 
 Mensch, Mrs. S. J., 
 Mensch, Rev. A. B., 
 Merrill, Mrs. M., 
 Merrill, Sarah, 
 Merrill, Esq., Jas., 
 
 Dec. 6, 
 Aug. 16, 
 May 4, 
 Sept. 29, 
 Sept. 23, 
 Oct. 28, 
 Mar. 17, 
 Aug. 25, 
 Feb. 17, 
 Jan. 17, 
 July 9, 
 Oct. 13, 
 Mav 7, 
 Aug. 28, 
 Mar. — , 
 Feb. 2, 
 Jan. 27, 
 Jan. 25, 
 May 14, 
 June 28, 
 June 22, 
 Apr. 17, 
 Apr. 8, 
 Sept. 15, 
 July 4, 
 Aug. 20, 
 Jan. 8, 
 Apr. 23, 
 Sept. 4, 
 May 25, 
 Aug. 4, 
 Aug. 5, 
 Mav 8, 
 May 14, 
 Aug. 22, 
 June 10, 
 Nov. 1, 
 July 19, 
 July 29, 
 Feb. 19, 
 Oct. 14, 
 Mar. 12, 
 Mar. 23, 
 Apr. 18, 
 May 19, 
 June 3, 
 Sept. 17, 
 Oct. 29, 
 
 1818 
 
 1835 
 
 1851 
 
 1855 
 
 1827 
 
 1869 88 
 
 185567 
 
 1875 71 
 1822 
 1823 
 18261 
 1827 1 
 1851' 
 1851 55 
 1853 
 1863 37 
 1866 1 
 1873,70 
 1875:82 
 187572 
 1876|70 
 18.39i 
 186143 
 1863! 
 1851j 
 1864149 
 187466 
 1858 39 
 1835 52 
 1873 
 1827 — ■ 
 1832 
 1858 49 
 1860 20 
 1874:65 
 1845 
 1854 80 
 1868,55 
 1845 
 1860:78 
 1874169 
 1869 76 
 1830 
 1829 
 1854 84 
 1837 
 1860 82 
 1867 i33 
 1868;82 
 18671 
 18.54:74 
 18()3] 
 1876,64 
 
 1876 63 
 
 1876 
 1825 
 1831 
 1841 
 
 30 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 573 
 
 Merrill, Esq., Chas., 
 Merrill, Mrs. S. B., 
 Mertz, Catlierine, 
 Mertz,' Jacob, 
 Mertz, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Mertz, Mrs. Nancy, 
 Mervine, Mrs. M., 
 Metzgar, Marg. C, 
 Metzgar, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Metzgar, Rebecca, 
 Metzgar, Mrs. CM., 
 Middleswarth, Ner, 
 Miller, Samuel, 
 Mitchell, George, 
 Miller, Valentine, 
 Miller, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Miller, Mrs. Isab'a, 
 Miller, John F., 
 Miller, George, 
 Miller, Hugh, 
 Miller, George, 
 Miller, Jeremiah, 
 Miller, Mrs. J. H., 
 Miller, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Miller, Mrs. Mary, 
 Miller, John, 
 Miller, John F., 
 Miller, Mrs. K. V., 
 Miller, Isaac, 
 Miller, Joseph, 
 Miller, Margaret, 
 Miller, Mrs. S. H., 
 Mitclaell, John, 
 Millliouse, .Jacob, 
 Millliouse, Jno. N., 
 Millhouse, Jul'a W. 
 Millhouse, Mrs. R., 
 Mitchell, Nathan, 
 Motz, John, 
 Moll, Mrs. 
 Montague, Thomas, 
 Montelius, Peter, 
 Montgomery, Eliz., 
 Montgomery, John, 
 Montgomery, Thos. 
 Montgomery, D., 
 Montgomery, Mary, 
 Montgomery, Jas., 
 Mook, John, 
 Mook, David, 
 Moon, jr., John, 
 Moore, John, 
 Moore, John, 
 Moore, James, 
 Moore, Mrs. Marv, 
 Moore, Mrs. M. A., 
 Moore, Edward W., 
 Moore, Jane W,, 
 
 Dec. 25, 
 Aug. 4, 
 Sept. 2, 
 Apr. 5, 
 Mar. 8, 
 June 8, 
 Mar. 28, 
 Jan. 28, 
 Jan. 27, 
 Jan. 24, 
 May 13, 
 June 2, 
 Mar. 1, 
 Sept. 22, 
 Oct. 3, 
 Apr. 17, 
 Apr. 20, 
 Aug. 2, 
 Oct. 9, 
 May 28, 
 Jan. 23, 
 Dec. — , 
 Mar. 28, 
 May 31, 
 
 Dec. 14' 
 
 July 25. 
 Feb. 22, 
 Feb. — , 
 Dec. 1, 
 May 28, 
 July 24, 
 May 3, 
 Apr. 22, 
 Apr. 14, 
 
 Apr. 8, 
 Dec. 3, 
 Nov. 22, 
 Oct. 6, 
 Oct. 24, 
 July 2, 
 Mar. 23, 
 Apr. 29, 
 
 Nov. 23,' 
 Nov. 17, 
 Mar. 9, 
 May 16, 
 Apr. — , 
 Mar. 11, 
 Ajar. 9, 
 July 17, 
 Mar. 29, 
 Feb. 16, 
 Oct. 1, 
 Sept 14, 
 Apr. 25, 
 
 1865 42 
 
 187682 
 
 1842 '52 
 
 1859 178 
 
 1870:76 
 
 187356 
 
 1862 36 
 
 1846 
 
 1847 
 
 1852 
 
 1865 
 
 1865 
 
 1826 
 
 1827 
 
 1828 
 
 1845 
 
 1849 
 
 1851 
 
 1851 
 
 1856 
 
 1859 
 
 1861 
 
 1862 
 
 1862 
 
 1863 
 
 1871 
 
 1870 68 
 
 1874 28 
 
 18691 
 
 1873 66 
 1877 78 
 18761 
 
 1862 69 
 1870'68 
 18351 
 1845 '83 
 1872 68 
 1864, 
 1849' 
 1869 90 
 1842 37 
 1859 68 
 1850 1 
 1853 93 
 1853^ 
 1859 93 
 1864 63 
 
 1874 52 
 1867 83 
 1867 
 1829 
 1834 
 1840 
 185576 
 1858 '80 
 1858 44 
 186129 
 
 1863 62 
 
 Moore, E. C, 
 Moore, D.,(W. B.) 
 Moran, Mrs. Mary, 
 Morrison, Mrs. H. 
 Morrison, Thomas, 
 Morrison, Gabriel, 
 Morrison, Eliza, 
 Morrison, Rev.W.S 
 Morrow, Jane, 
 Morrow, Alexander, 
 Morton, William, 
 Morton, Alexander, 
 Morton, Polly, 
 Morton, John, 
 Morton, Nancy, 
 Morton, Elizabeth, 
 Morton, Alexander, 
 Mowerjr, Cath., 
 Mowrer, Mrs. 
 Mowrer, Andrew, 
 Mowrer, James, 
 Moye'r, John, 
 Moyer, William P. 
 Moyer, Jacob, 
 Moyer, Daniel, 
 Murphy, Griffith, 
 Murray, Joseph M. 
 Murray, Marg., 
 Murray, Mrs. E. N., 
 Murray, Mrs. C, 
 Murray, Mrs. E., 
 Murray, Esq., J. F., 
 Musser, John, 
 Musser, Esq., J., 
 Musser, Margaret, 
 Musser, Mary, 
 Musser, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Myers, Samuel, 
 Myers, Amanda, 
 Myer, Harriet, 
 Meyers, Peter, 
 Meyers, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Nees, Michael, 
 Nefif; Peter, 
 Nelson, Joseph, 
 Nesbit, Alexander, 
 Nesbit, Mrs. Isabel. 
 Nesbit, Mrs. 
 Nesbit, Sarah Ann, 
 Nesbit, Mary, 
 Nesbit, jr., John, 
 Nesbit, Jonathan, 
 Nesbit, Esq., Wm., 
 Nesbit, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Nesbit, Alexander, 
 Nesbit, Mrs. Nancy, 
 Nesbit, James, 
 Nesbit, Thomas, 
 
 'Apr. 21, 
 Dec. 28, 
 
 Sept. 8, 
 Apr. — , 
 
 iMay 21,' 
 iJuly 19, 
 Mar. 18, 
 
 Mar. 15, 
 
 'July 7, 
 
 Aug. 11, 
 
 'July 30, 
 Jan. 2, 
 
 Feb. 2, 
 
 Apr. 16, 
 May 5, 
 July 30, 
 June 8, 
 
 Dec. 3, 
 
 Aug. 18, 
 
 Feb. 1, 
 
 Feb. 1, 
 
 Apr. 13, 
 May 8, 
 Dec. 20, 
 
 Oct. 14, 
 
 Nov. 27, 
 
 Sept. 24, 
 July 15, 
 June 21, 
 
 Jan. 24, 
 
 Mar. 17, 
 
 June 3, 
 
 Oct. 22, 
 
 Nov. 9, 
 
 Mar. — , 
 
 Aug. 7, 
 
 Oct. 16, 
 
 Nov. 17, 
 
 May 3, 
 Apr. 2, 
 July 16, 
 
 Nov. 1, 
 
 Sept. 16, 
 
 Nov. 8, 
 
 Sept. 13, 
 Jan. 26, 
 
 Apr. 5, 
 Feb. 23, 
 
 Mar. 7, 
 
 May 19, 
 Jan. 22, 
 
 May 26, 
 June 18, 
 
 Aug. 24, 
 
 Mar. 15', 
 
 60 
 
 1868 
 
 1874 
 
 1859 
 
 1804 49 
 
 1826 
 
 1830 
 
 1832 
 
 1858 
 
 1848 
 
 1862 
 
 1825 
 
 1826 
 
 1828 
 
 1830 
 
 1849 69 
 
 45 
 
 51 
 '45 
 
 '75 
 
 1860 ; 
 
 1876. 
 
 1875' 
 
 1827 
 
 1829 
 
 1839 
 
 1848 60 
 
 1863 35 
 
 1870 79 
 
 1873 74 
 
 1868157 
 
 1830 
 
 1841 1 31 
 
 1845 
 
 1850' 
 
 1853 
 
 1869 
 
 1830 
 
 1837 
 
 1837 
 
 1863 
 
 1872 i 
 
 1825 
 
 1869' 
 
 1834 
 
 1854 ' 
 
 1863; 
 
 1856 ( 
 
 1856 
 
 1823 
 
 1823 « 
 
 1827 
 
 1832 
 
 1849 
 
 1856 
 
 1858' 
 
 1859 ( 
 
 1860 [76 
 186167 
 1862 70 
 1862 84 
 1863 
 1863 174 
 
 '77 
 
 81 
 
 '76 
 
 72 
 
 57 
 
 '60 
 
 i69 
 
 i24 
 '62 
 
574 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Nesbit, Sarah, 
 Nesbit, John, 
 Ne.sl)it, P^lizabeth, 
 NGsl)it, Mrs. Mary, 
 Nesbit, R. I., 
 Neuer, Henry, 
 Neuer, JNIrs. Eliza. 
 Nevius, Ralph, 
 Nevius, Mrs. Lucr. 
 Nevius, Aaron C, 
 Nevius, Peter, 
 Newman, Mrs. M., 
 Neyliart, Daniel, 
 Nicely, Samuel, 
 Noetling, Dr. Wm,, 
 Nogel, Jacob, 
 Nogel, Mrs. jNIarj^, 
 Noll, Mrs. Mary E., 
 Noll, Col. Henry, 
 Noll, WilUam, 
 Noll, .John, 
 Noll, Samuel L., 
 Noll, Samuel, 
 Noll, Peter, 
 Noll, Elias, 
 Njdiart, jNIichael, 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 Sept. 15, 1864 74 
 Jan. 27, 1865 80 
 May 22, 1867 70 
 Nov. 25, 1868 73 
 xVug. 31, 1873 47 
 Sept. 1, 1866 05 
 Feb. 1,1872 75 
 Sept. 22, 18321 
 Jan. 19, 1841 73 
 Oct. 2, 1857148 
 Feb. 22, 1869,74 
 Jan. 4, 1859 65 
 Jan. 7, 1864I47 
 Sept. 5, 1832! 
 Jan. 22, 1861 84 
 Apr. 18, 1860 64 
 Jan. 17, 1864 37 
 June 21, 1846 86 
 Nov. 9, 1847 
 Mar. 12, 1851 
 Mar. 4, 1858 
 May 5, 1864 
 Dec. 18, 1866 
 Oct. 2, 1869 
 Apr. 13, 1876 
 June — , 1869 
 
 Oliphant, Charlotte, 'June 13, 1862 
 
 Orwig, John, 
 Orwig, George, 
 Orwig, .Jacob, 
 Orwig, Samuel, 
 Orwig, Mrs. M. A., 
 Osborn, INIrs. ISIary, 
 Painter, John, 
 Painter, John, 
 Painter, Thomas, 
 Palmer, Lewis, 
 Pardoe, John, 
 Pardoe, Esq., H., 
 Parks, Elizabeth, 
 Parr, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Parsons, Rebecca, J. 
 Patterson, Robert, 
 Patterson, S. M., 
 Patterson, Mrs. R., 
 Patterson, J. B., 
 Patterson, Wm. A., 
 Paul, Sampson, 
 Paul, John, 
 Peifer, George, 
 Peifer, Mrs. Cath., 
 ]^ellman, Samuel, 
 Penny, William, 
 Penny, Jane, 
 Penny, William, 
 Penny, Hugh, 
 Penny, John, 
 Penny, Thomas, 
 
 Aug. 19, 1828 
 iDec. 2, 1841 
 Jan. 23, 1859 
 Sept. 7, 1872 
 June 7, 1875 
 Apr. 7, 1874|71 
 May 22, 1854 66 
 June 6, I862I36 
 Feb. 12, 186378 
 May 24, 1860146 
 
 April 1, 1859 
 April 4, 1864 
 Aug. 22, 1829 
 Mar. 27, 1828 
 Aug — , 1846 56 
 July — , 1826 
 Jan. 29, 1840 
 Jan. 20, 1842 60 
 May 8, 1843 1 70 
 July 15, 1854183 
 May 4, 1843 41 
 June 6, 1870 65 
 Aug. 7, 1861|57 
 Sept. 27, 186l'67 
 Jvily 25, 1875 i 81 
 Nov. 25, I829I75 
 July 21, 1850 
 Jan. 20, 1852 
 Dec. 3, 1853 
 Aug. 6, 1868 78 
 Aug. 28, 1868165 
 
 Penny, Jane E., 
 Penny, Alexander, 
 Peters, INIiohael, 
 I^hilliijs, Mrs. G., 
 Phillijjs, Dennis, 
 I^hlegor, Ludwig, 
 Phlegor, John, 
 Piper, Dr. F. A., 
 Piper, Mrs. M. M. 
 Poak, William, 
 Poath, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Poatli, Henry, 
 Pollock, Mrs. I., 
 Pollock, Mrs. Eliza, 
 Pollock, Margaret, 
 Pollock, Thomas, 
 Pontius, Peter, 
 Pontius, Elizabeth, 
 Pontius, John F., 
 Pontius, Rachael, 
 Pontius, Philip, 
 Pontius, Mrs. M., 
 Porter, Samuel, 
 Porter, William, 
 Potter, Mrs. ilaria, 
 Potter, James, 
 Pratt, Charles, 
 Preistly, Joseph R., 
 Pross, Richard, 
 Pursel, Daniel, 
 Pu.rsel, Peter, 
 Quiddington, Mrs. 
 Quinn, Terrence, 
 Quinn, Michael, 
 Ramsey,Esq.,Wm., 
 Ranck, Barbara, 
 Ranck, Daniel, H., 
 Ranck, Daniel, 
 Ranck, Adam, 
 Ranck, Mrs. Mary, 
 Ranck, Joel, 
 Ranck, William, 
 Ranck, Mrs. Jane, 
 Raser, Thomas, 
 Rawn, Nathan, 
 Ray, Mrs. Jane, 
 Ray, Esq., John, 
 Reedy, PhilijD, 
 Ream, Miss Elean., 
 Ream, John N., 
 Ream, Samuel, 
 Reber, Mrs., 
 Reber, John, 
 Reber, James, 
 Reber, Margaret, 
 Reed, George, 
 Reed, John, 
 Reed, Stewart, 
 
 Date ov 
 Death. 
 
 52 
 
 Feb. 18 1869 60 
 Nov. 6, 1874 63 
 June 12 1854 
 Sept. 17,' 1827 
 Apr. 22, 1863 
 Mar. 15, 1858 74 
 Sept. 25, 1860 71 
 Apr. 22, 1831 
 Dec. 10, 1876 
 Aug. 13, 1830 
 
 Oct. 18, 1863 49 
 fVpril 9, 1865 79 
 Oct. 23, 1824 
 July 3, 1833 
 Oct. 13, 1842 
 Aug. 5, 1861 
 Dec. 24, 1862 
 May 2, 1863;39 
 June 17, 1869|81 
 Mar. 16, 1868 63 
 Sept. 7, 1872 83 
 
 79 
 
 Apr. 18, 1876 
 Jan. 10, 1825 
 Aug. 19, 1872 
 Apr. 10, 1826 
 Mar. 22, 1865 
 Aug. 24, 1829 
 Nov. 10. 1863 
 Jan. 26, 1874 
 Mav 5, 1861 
 Aug. 11, 1867 
 Nov. 13, 1874 
 Aug. 10 1831 
 Feb. 20, 1854 
 Oct. — , 1831 
 Mar. 28, 1830 
 Aug. 25, 1847 
 Nov. 16, 1854 
 Mar. 8, 1860 
 Aug. 1, 1864 
 Oct. 1, 1868 
 Apr. 29, 1875 
 May 28, 1875 
 
 — , 1858 
 
 Jan. 28, 1865 
 Mar. 3, 1860 
 Sept. 10, 1864 
 
 , 1822 
 
 Mar. 28, 1858 
 Jan. — , 1835 
 Oct. 2, 1874 
 June 11, 1845 
 June 22, 1852 
 Sept. 20, 1853 
 Sept. 24, 1863 
 Sept. 20, 1854 
 Mar. 22, 1860 
 Nov. 6, 1864 
 
 72 
 
 68 
 
 75 
 
 72 
 57 
 78 
 87 
 73 
 93 
 69 
 
 75 
 
 75 
 79 
 33 
 82 
 69 
 70 
 
 58 
 
 72 
 86 
 
 m 
 
 69 
 
 83 
 
 82 
 48 
 54 
 74 
 79 
 65 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 575 
 
 Date of vA 
 Death. 9 
 
 Reed, Joseph, iJan. 
 
 Reed, Mrs. Rachel, June 
 Reed, George, lApr. 
 
 Reed, Mrs. Cath., Sept. 
 Reed, Peter, Apr. 
 
 Reedy, Andrew, Nov. 
 Reedy, John, I Nov. 
 
 Reedy, Jacob, iISTov. 
 
 Reedy, Mrs. Cath., ;Oct. 
 Reedy, Jacob, iFeb. 
 
 Rees,' Miss Hannah, ' Mar. 
 Rees, Miss Nancy, iNov. 
 Rees, Sema, ! July 
 
 Rehniel, George, |Oct. 
 Reichly, Christian, !Apr. 
 Reidenbaugh, Dan.,! July 
 Reidenbaugh, Jno.,'Aug. 
 Reish, Daniel, jOct. 
 
 Reish, John, 'Feb. 
 
 Reitniyer, George, |Sept. 
 Reitmyer, Mrs. S., Feb. 
 Rengier, John, Feb. 
 
 Rengier, Catherine, Dec. 
 Rengier, Mrs. M. D. Jtme 
 Rengier, Jacob, 'Jan. 
 Rengier, George, 'May 
 Rengier, ^Irs. Susa.L4.ug. 
 Rengier, Daniel, |june 
 Renner, Catherine, isept. 
 Renner, Frederick, iNov. 
 Reznor, Ann, |Oct. 
 
 Reznor, Mrs. 'Nov. 
 
 Reznor, sr., John, ,Oct. 
 Reznor, James, I May 
 Rheem, George, ISept. 
 Rhoads, Jacob, July 
 
 Rhoads, Mrs. Eliz., Feb. 
 Rhoads, John, Feb. 
 
 Richart, John F., Aug. 
 Richart, Mrs. Mary, (Sept. 
 Richter, Peter, '^ May 
 Riehl, John, |Apr. 
 
 Rishell, Mrs. !Apr. 
 
 Rishell, Martin, :Dec. 
 Rishell, John, jSept. —, 
 
 Rishell, John, I Dec. 30, 
 
 Rishell, Daniel, Nov. 8, 
 Ritter, George, I Sept. 17, 
 
 Ritter, Elizabeth, 'Jan. 19, 
 Ritter, Col. Jacob, I Julv 28, 
 Ritter, WUlam H., Mar. 11, 
 Ritter, John, Mar. 10, 
 
 Robb, James, , 
 
 Robb, Nancy, Oct. 8, 
 
 Robins, Daniel, I Jan. 20, 
 Robinson, Ann, [Aug, 12, 
 Robinson, Samuel, Sept. 15, 
 Robinson, Mrs. S., JSept. 19, 
 
 1868 66 
 
 1873 64 
 
 1874 69 
 
 1874 73 
 
 1875 67 
 1827 45 
 1845! 
 1854 84 
 1856 84 
 1866 40 
 1829! 
 1853 88 
 1863 63 
 1823 35 
 
 1863 77 
 
 1859 60 
 1861 68 
 1847 48 
 1848: 
 
 1860 70 
 1873 77 
 1825 66 
 1844 72 
 1847 i 
 1853 
 1856 70 
 1858 1 
 1874183 
 186341 
 1865 82 
 1828 
 18281 
 18351 
 1836 
 186l|90 
 1851 177 
 1858:72 
 
 1876 i78 
 1869^64 
 1875 '69 
 1846169 
 
 1864 33 
 1846 
 1849 
 185170 
 1859 79 
 1868:36 
 1825170 
 1846 35 
 184947 
 1861126 
 1872i72 
 1839 
 1849187 
 
 1864 
 1825 
 1825 
 1825 
 
 99 
 
 Date op m 
 Death. I^ 
 
 Robinson, William, 'Dec. 1, 
 Robinson, Adeline, .July 12, 
 Robinson, Mrs. M., Oct^ 13, 
 Robinson, Wilson, jNov. 19, 
 Rockefeller, David, L\ug, 22, 
 Rockey, John, Apr. 20, 
 
 Rockey, George, Oct. 3, 
 Rockey, Elizabeth, Feb. 6, 
 Rodearmel, Sami, Feb. 11, 
 Rohland, Richard, Mar. 20, 
 Roland, Charles, iJuly 31, 
 Roland, John, !Jan. 31, 
 
 Rorabaugh, Philip, [july 3, 
 Roshong, Henry, IDec. 29, 
 Rote, Mrs. Elean'a, Apr. 20, 
 Rothermell, Mrs. C.Aug. 4, 
 Ross, James, P., Jixly 31, 
 Roush, George, lAug. 23, 
 
 Roush, Mary Ann, [Mar, 7, 
 Roiish, Maria E., ,Oct. 11, 
 Roush, Michael, Apr. 19, 
 Roush, Esq., Sam'l, Feb. 5, 
 Royer, Joel, Oct. 15, 
 
 Royer, Joel, Aug. 6, 
 
 Royer, Jacob, Mar. 30, 
 
 Ruhl, George P., Apr. 29, 
 Riihl, Mrs. Sarah, Aug, 9, 
 Sanderson, Henrv, Feb. 8, 
 Sanders, sr., Henry, Feb. 17, 
 Sanders, Henry, Jan. 11, 
 Sands, David, Apr. 18, 
 
 Sands, James W., May, 10, 
 Sawder, jNIatilda, Feb. 8, 
 Savers, Ethan, Dec. 26, 
 
 Sayers, Mrs. A., Feb. 23, 
 Schaffle, Joseph, Jan. 11, 
 Schaffle, Charles D., Feb. — , 
 Schaffle, Frank S., Apr. 6. 
 Schnable, jr., Geo., Aug. 5, 
 Schnable, Hon. G., Dec. 13, 
 Schock, Mrs. H., Dec. 9, 
 Schrack, Benjamin, Dec. 9, 
 Schrack, Susanah, June 19, 
 Schrack, Esq., Jno., June 4, 
 Schrack, Eve, Jan. 15, 
 
 Schrack, Daniel, Dec. 25. 
 Schrack, Mrs. E., Sept. 20, 
 Schroyer, Conrad, Sept. 1. 
 Schroyer, jr., C, Mar. 7, 
 Schroyer, Cath., Dec. 23, 
 Schwenck, Esq., D., Jan. 19, 
 Scudder, Esq., D., Jan. 27, 
 Search, Elijah, Aug. 25, 
 
 Search, Mrs. Sarah, Mar. 21 
 Search, Thomas, Sept. 25, 
 Search, Stephen, Apr. 15, 
 Seebold, Mrs. B., Auo-. 22 
 Seebold, Sarah, Mar. 19' 
 
 185285 
 
 1854 26 
 
 1865 95 
 
 1867,51 
 
 1876! 76 
 
 1842! 59 
 
 1853 70 
 
 187273 
 
 1843 52 
 
 1850 
 
 1865 
 
 1866 
 
 1837 
 
 1850 80 
 
 1875|70 
 
 1876:94 
 
 I860' 52 
 
 1839:84 
 
 1848125 
 
 1857 1 63 
 
 1859 77 
 
 187377 
 
 185375 
 
 187253 
 
 1876 77 
 
 1843 82 
 
 1863 67 
 
 1828 
 
 1850 82 
 
 1870' 
 
 1850 
 
 1877 
 
 1827 
 
 1845 
 
 1846 
 
 1863: 
 
 1863 
 
 1876 . 
 
 1854: 
 
 1863' 
 
 1875 I 
 
 '74 
 
 I 
 
 ■59 
 
 '36 
 
 •34 
 
 :32 
 
 !74 
 i60 
 
 1828 67 
 
 1842 
 
 70 
 
 1860 58 
 
 1861 86 
 1869 58 
 1876 60 
 1825 63 
 1855 65 
 1860164 
 1861 
 1829 
 1848 
 1854 
 1862 
 1864 
 1825 
 1828 
 
57(> 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Seebold, Nancv, 
 Seebold, Philip, 
 Seerer, Jacob, 
 Sergeant, Mrs. 
 Shatter, William, 
 Shatter, Esq., Hen., 
 Shatter, Esq., Sim., 
 Shatter, Mrs.. 
 Shaffer, Mathias, 
 Shatter, Mrs. Mat., 
 Shatter, David, 
 Shamp, Jesse, 
 Shamp, Ezra, 
 Shannon, Mrs. M., 
 Shannon, Ejjh. P., 
 Shearer, Maj. Jas., 
 Scheckler, Mrs. E., 
 Shamorj^, John C, 
 Shamp, Mrs. J., 
 Sheokler, Mrs. C, 
 Sheckler, Mrs. M., 
 Sheokler, Daniel, 
 Sheokler, Tobias, 
 Sheckler, Henrj^, 
 Sheckler, Esq., A., 
 Sheller, Mrs. Marg., 
 Slieller, Christian, 
 Sheller, Mrs. J. W., 
 Sherard, William, 
 Shipton, Esq., T., 
 Sliields, William, 
 Shively, Benjamin, 
 Shoemaker, Eenj., 
 Shoemaker, Sam., 
 Shoemaker, Mrs. S., 
 
 Showers, , 
 
 Shrader, Frederick, 
 Shriner, Mrs. M. E., 
 Sliriner, Esq., Jno., 
 Shriner, W. B., 
 Shriner, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Shriner, Samuel, 
 Shuck, Peter, 
 Sierer, Sarah, 
 Silsby, Uriah, 
 Silsby, Esther, 
 Simonton, J, W., 
 Simonton, Jaiie 6., 
 Simonton, James, 
 Simonton, Mrs. M., 
 Sites, George, 
 Sites, Mrs., 
 Sleer, Jacob, 
 Slear, Mrs. Eliz., 
 Slear, Daniel, 
 Slear, George, 
 Slenker, Jacob, 
 Slenker, Esq., J. G., 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Apr. 24, 
 July 24, 
 Dec. — , 
 Aug. 28, 
 June 5, 
 Mar. 1, 
 Oct. 22, 
 Nov. 10, 
 Oct. 22, 
 Sept. 11, 
 May 7, 
 
 Dec. — , 
 Mar. 3, 
 Aug. 28, 
 Apr. 11, 
 Oct. 15, 
 July 11, 
 Sept. 27, 
 Oct. 25, 
 Mar. 12, 
 Aug. 30, 
 June 10, 
 Feb. 15, 
 Au.g. 21, 
 Jan. 7, 
 Sept. 13, 
 Apr. 25, 
 Apr. — , 
 Feb. 4, 
 May 21, 
 June 11, 
 Jan. 18, 
 July 16, 
 Julv 29, 
 Feb. 9, 
 June 5, 
 Oct. 22, 
 Dec. 3, 
 Sept. 26, 
 Mar. 11, 
 Jan. 17, 
 Apr. 18, 
 Feb. 27, 
 May 26, 
 Dec. 10, 
 Sept. 10, 
 Apr. 6, 
 Feb. 24, 
 Nov. 4, 
 Oct. 6, 
 Nov. 4, 
 June 6, 
 Jan. 13, 
 Jan. 22, 
 Mar. 1, 
 Nov. — , 
 Feb. 11, 
 
 86 
 
 1828 
 
 1874 
 
 1824 
 
 1828 
 
 1825 
 
 1833 
 
 1838 
 
 1853 87 
 
 18541 
 
 1861 1 95 
 
 1864 
 
 1824 
 
 1835 
 
 1845 
 
 1851 
 
 1864 
 
 1855 
 
 1868 
 
 1873 
 
 1832 
 
 1837 
 
 1842 
 
 1850 
 
 1874 
 
 1875 
 
 1859 
 
 1862 
 
 1863 
 
 1825 
 
 1827:74 
 
 1858 80 
 187361 
 1856,70 
 1862 ;79 
 1865 
 
 1859 80 
 1873 82 
 1856 37 
 1860,70 
 1862 43 
 1866133 
 1868! 39 
 1849 78 
 
 77 
 
 74 
 
 85 
 
 62 
 
 1875 
 1849 
 1871 
 1853 
 
 62 
 
 1854130 
 
 1858 
 1861 
 1824 
 1846 
 1857 
 1872 
 1874 
 1875 
 1863 
 1871 
 
 Slifer, David C;, 
 Slifer, Jacob, 
 Slonaker, Mrs. A., 
 Slough, .Jacob, 
 Smaitzried, Gotlieb, 
 Smiley, Rev. Thos., 
 Smith, Elizabeth, 
 Smith, Dr. Jos. L., 
 Smith, Dr. Jonas, 
 Smith, Catherine, 
 Smith, Elizabeth, 
 Smith, Gideon, 
 Smith, Michael, 
 Smith, Charles D., 
 Smith, Susanna, 
 Smith, Rev. W. R., 
 Smith, Rev. J. W., 
 Smith, John B., 
 Smith, Wilson, 
 Smith, Mrs. Mary, 
 Smith, George, 
 Smith, Esq., A.W., 
 Smith, George, 
 Snook, Daniel E., 
 Snyder, Mrs. Mary, 
 Snyder, Simon, 
 Snyder, Hon. John, 
 Snyder, George A., 
 Snyder, Antis, 
 Snyder, Mary M., 
 Snyder, Reuben, 
 Snyder, Henry W., 
 Solomon John, 
 Soult, David, 
 Spatz, Lewis, 
 Spatz, Joseph, 
 Specht, Adam, 
 Spidler, Daniel, 
 Spidler, David, 
 Sjaidler, Jacob, 
 Spigelmyer, M. E., 
 Spotts, Samuel, 
 Spotts, Michael, 
 Spotts, Mary, 
 Spotts, Michael, 
 Spyker, Mrs. Maria, 
 Spyker, Jonathan, 
 Spyker, Solma, 
 Spyker, Mrs. E., 
 Stahl, John, 
 Stahl, Adam, 
 Stahl, Lewis, 
 Stahl, Jacob, 
 Stahl, Elizabeth, 
 Stahl, Mrs. Cath., 
 Stahl, George, 
 Stahl, Mrs. Cath., 
 Stahl, Jeremiah, 
 
 Date op |h 
 Death. !^ 
 
 Aug. 18 
 Mar. 3 
 Sept. 25 
 Apr. 21 
 Sept. 6 
 
 About 
 Dec. 
 Mar. 17 
 July 3 
 May 22 
 Apr 
 July 2 
 June 10 
 
 18: 
 
 Sept 
 Apr. 
 Mar. 19 
 Mar. 1 
 Feb. 28, 
 Jan. 19 
 Feb. 12 
 Mar. 6 
 Sept. 14 
 Oct 
 
 May 10 
 Aug. 15 
 June 
 Dec. — 
 June 14 
 Nov. 24 
 Apr. 18 
 
 Aug. 9. 
 May 20 
 Oct. 4 
 Aug. 
 Mav 30, 
 Apr. 21 
 July 7 
 May 17 
 Oct. 18, 
 Oct. 
 Oct. 
 Oct. 
 Dec 
 Jan, 
 Dec 
 
 Apr. — 
 Oct. 21 
 Jan 
 
 Aug. 29 
 Sept. 22 
 Mav 4 
 Apr. 12 
 Aug. 25 
 Apr. 12 
 
 , 1864 
 , 1868 
 , 1874 
 , 1876 
 , 1863 
 , 1832 
 '22. 
 , 1825 
 , 1826 
 , 1829 
 , 1836 
 , 1841 
 , 1841 
 , 1844 
 , 1850 
 , 1849 
 , 1852 
 , 1859 
 , 1862; 
 , 1862 i 
 , 1869 
 , 1870 
 ,1871 
 , 1845 
 , 1823 
 , 1838 
 , 1850 
 , 1865 
 , 1861 
 ,1865 
 , 1876 
 , 1866 
 , 1840 
 , 1824 
 , 1853 
 ,1857 
 , 1824 
 ', 1826 
 , 1862 
 , 1873 
 , 1847 
 , 1864 
 , 1872 
 , 1865 
 , 1872 
 , 1829 
 , 1862 
 1868 
 , 1868 
 , 1832 
 , 1850 
 , 1855 
 , 1856 
 ,1856 
 , 1860 
 , 1861 
 , 1861 
 , 1862 
 
 53 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 577 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 Dec. 29, 
 Apr. 28, 
 May 27, 
 Mai-. 11, 
 Jun. 30, 
 Apr. 30, 
 Nov. 10, 
 Feb. 3, 
 July 27, 
 Dec, 17, 
 Oct. 7, 
 Mar. 22, 
 May 22, 
 Apr. 26, 
 July 29, 
 
 Jan. 4, 
 
 I Apr. 25 
 [April 4, 
 Aug. 22, 
 'Jun. 28, 
 jSept. 26, 
 'Dec. 8, 
 Feb. 16, 
 Sept. 3, 
 Sept. 28, 
 
 Stahl Jacob, 
 
 Stahl, Peter, 
 
 Steans, John, 
 
 Stamin, John, 
 
 St. Clair, John, 
 
 St. Clair, Mrs. R., 
 
 Steadman, Eliz., 
 
 Steadman, Marg., 
 
 Steadman, Marg., 
 
 Steadman, Wm. C, 
 
 Steadman, Mrs. R., 
 
 Steadman, David, 
 
 Steadman, H. C, 
 
 Steans, Mrs. N., 
 
 Stees, John, 
 
 Sterner, Nathan, 
 
 Sterner, Christop'r 
 
 Sterner, Peter, 
 
 Sterrett, John A., 
 
 Stillwell, Hon. Jos., 
 
 Stillwell, Mrs. Ann, 
 
 Stineme], Mr., 
 
 Stitzel, Jacob, 
 
 Stoclv, Martin A., j 
 
 Stoughton, Roland 
 
 Stoughton, Mrs. J., i 
 
 Stoughton, J. S. I --, 
 
 Stougliton, Fred., tApr. 25, 
 Stover, Mrs. M. M., Sept. 26, 
 
 Strahan, Peter, iSept. 20, 
 
 Stratton, Tyler, |Mar. 5, 
 
 Stratton, Mrs. R., [Mar. 29, 
 Straub, Andrew, ;Oct. 23, 
 Straub, Abram, 'Aug. 21, 
 Stravvbridge, Mary, [Oct. 11, 
 Strawbridge, J., - Sept. 25, 
 Strawbridge, Mrs. C. I Jun. 4, 
 Strayhorn, Eliza, !Dec. 11, 
 Streighorn, Peter, Sept. 20, 
 Streighorn, Robert, May 8, 
 Strickland, Samuel, Apr. 23, 
 Strohecker, Leah, JFeb. 19, 
 Strohecker, Dr. S., 'Auo-. 26 
 Struble, Mrs. M., Aug. 15' 
 Sullivan, Wm. B., Sept. l' 
 Sutlierland, Col. T.,'Oct. 15 
 Sutherland, Jane, Feb. %, 
 Swarm, sr., John, Sept. 24, 
 Swarm, John, Mar. 25, 
 
 Swartz,Geo.(W.D.) Apr. 17 
 Swineford, John, June 24,' 
 Swmeford, Mrs. M.,'Aug. 18, 
 Sypher, Jacob, June 6, 
 
 Tate, William, July 19 
 
 Taylor, Tliomas, Sept. 19' 
 Taylor, William C, June 9, 
 Templeton, Sam., Feb. 18 
 Templeton, Rev. J., Dec. 3, 
 37 
 
 1864 82 
 1868 [81 
 185178 
 
 1875 60 
 1873 
 1875 
 1827 
 1832 
 1834 
 1840 
 1843 
 1863 58 
 
 1876 43 
 83 
 
 1861 
 
 1855 
 
 1829 
 
 1841 
 
 1864 67 
 
 187271 
 
 185li74 
 
 1862 [72 
 18441 
 
 1863 68 
 1857,70 
 1832! 
 1842 i 
 1857 [ 
 1869169 
 187671 
 1845 
 1825 1 
 1850 
 1824^38 
 1864^60 
 1829 i 
 1861 '87 
 1870 80 
 1867!78 
 18451 
 18J3 67 
 1858:79 
 1853 i 
 1869 75 
 1868 60 
 1850 45 
 1816 84 
 1819 82 
 1827 [ 
 1841,66 
 187l[65 
 
 1867 45 
 1872 
 185474 
 1859 59 
 
 1868 76 
 1874 70 
 1826 72 
 1843, 
 
 Date of 
 Death. 
 
 22 
 
 68 
 
 Tharp, Esq., James, 'Mar. 27, 1849 
 Thompson, Wm., [Apr. 1,1823 72 
 Thompson, John, [Aug. 22, 1823 70 
 Thompson, Benj., :Oct. — , 1830| 
 Thompson, Mrs. J., Aug. 21, 18391 
 Thompson, Rev. G.,' Jaii. 28, 1864 '43 
 Thompson, Mrs. M.,' Apr. 10, 1864i 
 Thompson, Chas.L., June 29, 18651 
 Thompson, Mrs. B.,|Jan. — , 1869[60 
 Thornton, Dr. T. A., {Feb. 8, 1867 51 
 Thornton, Mrs. A., lAjsr. 24, 1873; 
 Thursbj^, Margaret, (Jan. — , 1848 91 
 Todd, Rev. Nath., July 8, 1867^88 
 Trester, George, May 28, 1850 
 Trout, John, Mar. 15, 1862 
 
 Trutt, Mrs. Eve, Aug. 19, 1861 
 Tucker, Martlia G., Apr. 20, 1864 
 
 Tweed, David, , i824 
 
 Tweed, William, Feb. 1,' 1857 
 Ulsh, Andrew, Apr. 19, 1864 79 
 
 Valentine, Bond, Oct. — , 1862 
 Van Buskirk, Thos. Sept. 12, 1830 ' 
 Van Busldi-k, Rich. Oct. 9, 183066 
 Van Buskirk, John, Aug. 2, 1836! 
 Van Buskirk, John, Jan. 28, 1874:80 
 Vanhorn, Espy, Aug. 25, 1829 
 Van Gundy, Christ., Sept. 30, 1836 ■ 
 Vanvalzah, Mrs. E., Mar. 30, 1840' 
 Vanvalzah,jr.,Dr.R. Mar. 14, 1851 
 Vanvalzah,jr.,Dr.T. May 28, 1852 
 Vanvalzah, John A. Aug. 26, 1854 
 Vanvalzah, Mrs. N., Apr. 26, 1857 
 Vanvalzah, W. W., Oct. 13, 18c 
 
 Vanvalzah, Rob. H., July 25, 18C0 ; 
 Vanvalzah, Mrs. S., Nov. 16, 1862 
 
 Vanvalzah, Mrs. H., July 25, 1870 
 
 Voneida, Peter, Aug. 26, 18581' 
 
 V oneida, John, Mar. 26, 
 
 Voneida, Esther, July 8, 
 
 Vornando, Mrs., 
 
 Vorse, Dr. Isaac S., 
 
 Vorse, Mrs. Eliz., 
 
 Waggenseller, Dr., 
 
 Waggenseller, Wm. 
 
 Wagner, Andrew, 
 
 Wagner, Mrs. R., 
 
 Wagner, Michael, 
 
 Wagner, Daniel, 
 
 Wagner, Mrs. S., 
 
 Walborn, Martin, 
 
 Waldrum, Samuel, 
 
 Wales, Mary, N. B. 
 
 Wales, Marj^, 
 
 Walker, John, 
 
 Walker, Francis, 
 
 Walker, Mrs. Mary, 
 
 Walker, Thomas, i 
 
 Wallace, Polly, 
 
 Jan. 17, 
 Aug. 17, 
 Apr. 28, 
 Aug. 10, 
 Dec. 30, 
 Aug. 22, 
 Dec. 22, 
 Aug. 20, 
 Apr. 13, 
 Sept. 20, 
 Aug. 25, 
 May 15, 
 Feb. 20, 
 Sept. IS, 
 June 9, 
 July 16, 
 [Sept. 17, 
 'Mar. 17, 
 
 1858177 
 
 1865! 
 
 1823 
 
 1839 
 
 1878 42 
 
 1847 
 
 1876 
 
 1826 
 
 1884' 
 
 1858172 
 
 1861 '62 
 
 1872 81 
 
 1865 
 1858 
 1826 
 1826 
 1827 
 
 1867 50 
 18(57 85 
 
 1868 58 
 
 1829; 
 
S7S 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Wallace, Joseph G., 
 Wallace, Sarah, 
 Wallace, William, 
 
 Jan. 6, 1844 
 July 24, 1849 
 Julv 15. 1857 
 
 V. 
 
 Wallace, Elizabeth,! Nov. 26, 1860 44 
 
 Wallace, Joseph, 
 Wallace, Mrs. N., 
 Walter, William, 
 Waller, Abram, 
 Walls, Miss S. McC. 
 Walls, Johnson, 
 Waters, Thomas, 
 Waters, Mrs. Ellen, 
 Watson, Mrs. M., 
 Watson, Samuel, 
 Watson, Robert, 
 Watson, Mrs. S. C, 
 Watson, William, 
 Watson, Davicl, 
 Weaver, Jacob, 
 Weaver, M. H., 
 Weidensaul, A. J., 
 Weirick, Mrs. M., 
 Weist, Miss E., 
 Wehr, Simon, 
 Weirick, Esq., D., 
 Weirick, Esq., S., 
 Welker, Mrs. L., 
 Welch, Esq., C, 
 Welsh, Henrj^, 
 Wertz, John," 
 Wetzel, Henrjr, 
 White, James, 
 
 Mar. 22, 1862 
 Oct. 26, 1868,69 
 Feb. 10, 1874 60 
 Mar. 18, 1869,57 
 Mar. 14, 1860 18 
 Apr. 18, 1868 50 
 Sept. 6, 1864 65 
 Sept. 10. 1868 95 
 Mar. — , 1825 
 Jan. 17, 1841 
 Sept. — , 1846 
 Mar. 25, 1849 
 May 22, 1866 
 Oct. 9, 1874 
 Apr. 13, 1862 
 Feb. 13, 1872 
 Aug. 10, 1869 
 Mar. 4, 1861 
 Aug. 17, 1875 
 Dec. 19, 1840 
 Apr. 3, 1866 
 Feb. 9, 1869 
 Dec. 22, 1860 
 Jan. — , 1855 
 May 16, 1862 
 July 26, 1861 173 
 :Oct. 4, 1850 90 
 Jan. 15, 1862 ;44 
 
 Whiting, Wm. B., [Jan. 2, 1861,33 
 Whitmer, Ann, jOct. 4, 1845 70 
 Whitmer, Sebas'n 
 Whitmer, Peter, 
 
 Whittaker, John, 
 Wikotf, Peter, 
 Wildtrout, Fred., 
 Wilhelm, Moses, 
 Williamson, Rev. J. 
 Wilson, Elizabeth, 
 Wilson, Mary, 
 Wilson, Sarah, 
 Wilson, Thomas, 
 Wilson, .James, 
 Wilson, Elizabeth, 
 Wilson, Mrs. Cath. 
 Wilson, John, 
 Wilson, Samuel, 
 Wilson, Samuel H., 
 Wilson, Mrs. Eliz 
 Wilson, Thos. C, 
 Wilson, Charles, 
 Wilson, Esq., Sam., 
 Wilson, Mathias, 
 Wilson, John F., 
 Wilson, Louisa, 
 
 Julv 17, 1846 j73 
 Juiie 8, 1877|78 
 Julv 25, 1859 64 
 Maj' 29, 18321 
 June 27, 1848:71 
 Apr. 19, 1862 172 
 Apr. 10, 1835169 
 
 — , 1823 
 
 Julv 11, 1828 
 Apr. 8, 1829 
 May 23, 1831 
 Dec. 26. 1831 
 Nov. 24', 1832 
 Aug, 21, 1835 
 Jan. 22, 1842 
 Jan. 16, 1843 
 Mar. 14, 1850 
 Aug. 9, 1851 
 May 25, 1853 
 .June 21, 1853 
 Nov. 3, 1855 
 Mar. 20, 1859 
 Apr. 6, 1859 
 July 20, 1860 
 
 Wilson, William, 
 Wilson, Hon. A. S.,' 
 Wilson, Mrs. Ann, 
 Wilson, Mrs. Sarah, 
 Wilson, Hugh, 
 ■Wilson, Francis, 
 Wilson, Mrs. S. B., 
 Wilt, Adam, 
 Wilt, Esq., Jno. C, 
 Winegardner, P., 
 Winegardner, N., 
 Winegardner, H., 
 Winegardner, Alia., 
 Winters, Sarah, 
 Winters, David, 
 Winters, Mrs. C, 
 Winters, Margaret, 
 Winters, Daniel, 
 Winters, Sarah, 
 Winters, Mrs. Reb., 
 Wise, Mrs. Barbara, 
 Wise, Mrs. Eleanor, 
 Witmer, Sebastian, 
 Witmer, Mrs. S., 
 Wittenmyer, Jacob, 
 Wolfe, Jonathan, 
 Wolfe, Michael, 
 Wolfe, Samuel, 
 Wolfe, Anthonv, 
 
 Wolfe, , 
 
 Wolfe, Samuel, 
 Wolfe, Mrs. Mary, 
 Wolfe, Mrs. Han'h, 
 Wolfe, John, 
 Wolfe, AndreAV, 
 Wolfe, Peter, 
 Wolfe, Mrs. Eve., 
 Wolfe, Leonard, 
 Wolfe, Mrs. E. M., 
 Wolsey, Henry, 
 Woods, Cliristop'r, 
 Woomer, Mrs., 
 Worman, F. S., 
 Wykoff, Mrs. S., 
 Yearick, Esq., H., 
 Yarnell, George, 
 Yerger, Jacob, 
 Yoder, Jacob, 
 Yoder, Samuel, 
 Yohn, John, 
 Yost, Elizabeth, 
 Young, James, 
 Young, Frederick, 
 Young, John, 
 Young, Maria, 
 Young, Catherine, 
 Young, Daniel 
 Young, Jacob, 
 
 June 12 
 Dec. 19 
 Sept. 21 
 June 31 
 July 3 
 Feb. 15 
 Nov. — . 
 Aug. 13 
 |May 24 
 Aug. 17 
 July 15 
 Jan. 1 
 Feb. 16 
 Apr. — 
 Aug. 13 
 Mar. 19 
 June 21 
 Jan. 5 
 Jan. 7 
 Oct. 18 
 Oct. 11 
 Aug. 17 
 Apr. 15 
 July 
 June 23 
 Nov. 6 
 Nov. 25 
 Sept. 15 
 Jan. 21 
 Mar. 17 
 'Apr. 19 
 |Feb. 17 
 'Apr. 7 
 Nov. 11 
 'Jan. 21 
 Dec. 20 
 Feb. 4 
 Feb. 12 
 May 6 
 Dec. 18 
 Aug. 23 
 Sept. 26 
 Sept. 24 
 Jan. 16 
 June 21 
 June 6 
 Jan. 22 
 Apr. 11 
 Mar. 7 
 Feb. 17 
 Oct. 5 
 July 20, 
 Aug. 29 
 July 8 
 Jan. 
 Aug. 6 
 June 4 
 June 7 
 
 1863 76 
 1864 '64 
 1865'67 
 
 1872184 
 1873 81 
 
 1874 
 1874 
 1830 
 1858 
 1829 
 1854 
 1872 
 1875 
 1821 
 1825 
 1829 
 1829 
 1837 
 1868 
 1873 
 1823 
 1875 
 1824 
 1874 
 1856 
 1834 
 1847 
 1850 
 1851 
 
 50 
 
 76 
 
 64 
 
 61 
 
 60 
 74 
 44 
 77 
 78 
 73 
 60 
 46 
 81 
 40 
 76 
 1851J79 
 1860 20 
 1862'30 
 1866162 
 1868 20 
 87 
 73 
 63 
 78 
 60 
 62 
 
 1871 
 1871 
 1872 
 1875 
 1876 
 1871 
 1853 
 1827 
 1876 
 1876 
 1856 
 1873 
 1870 
 1864 
 1870 
 1871 
 1856 
 1825 
 1825 
 1840 
 1843 
 1853 
 1854 
 1857 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 579 
 
 Yoting, William, 
 Young, Mrs. Marg., 
 Young, Eleanor, 
 Young, Mrs., 
 Young, Adam, 
 Young, Abra.,(B.,) 
 Young, Abraham, 
 Young, Mrs. Eliza., 
 Young, Mrs. Ellen, 
 Youngman, George, 
 Zearfos, Mrs. M. A., 
 Zeigler, Mrs., 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 20, 1859 73 
 3, 1860 62 
 
 17, 1865 
 
 18, 1866 
 8, 1872 
 3, 1873 
 
 13, 1875 
 22, 1866 
 18, 1867 
 6, 1843 
 18, 1860 
 — , 1826 
 
 Zellers, Peter, 
 Zellers, John, 
 Zellers, sr., John, 
 Zellers, Mrs. Cath., 
 Zellers, Daniel, 
 Zellers, Mrs. Han., 
 Zellers, Daniel, 
 Zellers, Samuel, 
 Zentmyer, Jacob, 
 Zentmyer, Mrs. E., 
 Ziebach, Mrs. Ann, 
 Zimmerman, John, 
 
 Date op 
 Death. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 July 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 Mar. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 5, 1822 
 
 1, 1832 
 
 12, 1843 
 22, 1850 
 30, 1853 
 21, 1856 
 
 13, 1865 
 3, 1874 
 8, 1849 
 
 13, 1863 
 
 2, 1867 
 18, 1825 
 
MILITARY RECORD, 1861-5. 
 
 COMPANY E, FIFTY-FIRST PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Captains. 
 G. H. Hassenplug, 
 William R. Forster. 
 
 First Lieiotenaiits. 
 
 John A. Morris, 
 Francis R. Frey. 
 
 Second Lieute7iants. 
 
 Martin L. Schoch, 
 James L. Seebold, 
 George C. Gutelivis. 
 
 /Sergeants. 
 
 John M. Wierman, 
 
 Thomas D. Reed, 
 
 Elbridge G. Maize, 
 
 Charles Mills, 
 
 Cornelius Edelman, 
 
 George Diehl, discharged, July 11, 
 1865, for wounds received inaction, 
 
 Lewis G. Titus, died, January 7, 
 1863, of wounds received at Fred- 
 ericksburg, December 13, 1862. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 John H. Sortman, 
 
 Cyrus A. Eaton, 
 
 Peter Strubble, 
 
 Isaac Treat, 
 
 Daniel High, 
 
 Ebert Sprowles, 
 
 William Kleckner, 
 
 Isaac G. Magee, 
 
 Adam Gluse, 
 
 Thomas F. Search, 
 
 John C. Youngman, 
 
 George W. Foote, 
 
 Levi H. Amnion, 
 
 Thomas S. Mauck, died, June 20, 
 1864, of wounds received at Peters- 
 burg, Virginia, buried in National 
 cemetery, Arlington, Virginia, 
 
 George M. Aurand, killed at W^l- 
 don raUroad, August 19, 1864, 
 
 580 
 
 James Luker, 
 
 Charles D. Kline, junior. 
 
 Musician. 
 Joseph A. Logan. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Aikey, Jeremiah, captured, died at 
 Andersonville, Georgia, 
 
 Baker, Ralston, 
 
 Barklow, George E., died at Browns- 
 ville, Mississippi, July 21, 1863, 
 
 Barnes, Albert E., 
 
 Beers, David H., 
 
 Bell, William H., 
 
 Benfer, Abraham, 
 
 Benner, Asher, 
 
 Benner, Lewis J., 
 
 Black, James, 
 
 Blair, Simon S., 
 
 Bomgardner, John, 
 
 Boop, Jacob, 
 
 Bowers, George, 
 
 Brouse, Benjamin H., killed at Cam- 
 den, North Carolina, April 19, 
 1862, 
 
 Burk, George P., 
 
 Burkhart, Adolph, 
 
 Burris, Samuel, 
 
 Chappel, Ezra, 
 
 Chambers, James M., 
 
 Chambers, M. B., 
 
 Clapham, Thomas H., died, March 
 13, 1864, 
 
 Cole, Luther G., 
 
 Cornelius, James F. 
 
 Cornelius, George W., 
 
 Curfman, Daniel, 
 
 Curtis, Jeremiah F., 
 
 Derkes, John D., 
 
 Dersham, Henry, 
 
 Dewire, Alexander, 
 
 Diehl, Henry C, 
 
 Dingman, Abraham, 
 
 Dolbj', Isaac, 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 jSi 
 
 Dolby, Abraham, 
 
 Donacby, Thomas, 
 
 Donnison, Aaron, 
 
 Dunkle, James M., killed at Cold 
 Harbor, June 3, 1864, 
 
 Eidem, Henry, 
 
 Engle, SoloDion, 
 
 Fetter, John, 
 
 Fletcher, Justice J., 
 
 Fox, Henry D., 
 
 Frederick, Jacob, 
 
 Galloway, George W., 
 
 Geniger, William, 
 
 Gordon, Jacob, 
 
 Hansen, David, 
 
 Hanselman, David, 
 
 Hanselman, Adam, 
 
 Harris, Berryhill B., 
 
 Hassenplug, John T., 
 
 Hauley, Timothy, 
 
 Heckrnan, Wm. R., 
 
 Heinbach, Elias, 
 
 Heitsman, Isaiah, 
 
 Heitsman, Jacob, 
 
 Heitsman, Henry, 
 
 Henderson, William, 
 
 Hendershot, Christ, 
 
 Hendricks, John, 
 
 Hickernell, Robert, died of wounds 
 received at Cold Harbor, June 3, 
 1864, 
 
 Hilbish, Ammon, 
 
 Hoffman, William R., killed at Cam- 
 den, Xorth Carolma, April 19, 
 1862, 
 
 Hofftnan, Edward J., 
 
 Hummel, John, 
 
 Hutchinson, Henry, 
 
 Irwin, Robert, H., 
 
 Kelly, James T., 
 
 Kennedy, Barton, 
 
 Kidson, Francis, 
 
 Kline, Joel, 
 
 Kline, Reuben, 
 
 Kline, Daniel, 
 
 Kline, Charles, 
 
 Kline, Andrew T., 
 
 Kline, Jacob L., died May 6, 1864, 
 buried in United States general 
 hospital cemetery, Annapolis, 
 Maryland, 
 
 Klingier, John, 
 
 Kunkel, Samuel, 
 
 Kunkel, Jonathan, 
 
 Laird, Samuel H., 
 
 Laudenslager, William, 
 
 Leinbach, William F. N., 
 
 Lenhart, John, 
 
 Lenhart, David, killed near Peters- 
 burg, Virginia, June 17, 1864, 
 
 Lloyd, Charles, 
 
 Lloyd, John, 
 
 Long, Jacob, 
 
 Lotz, Galen N., 
 
 Lytle, Charles, 
 
 McGregor, Samuel, 
 
 McFadden, Jackson, 
 
 Marsh, Charles H., 
 
 Masterson, Ed. J., 
 
 Mecklejs Alfred, MLled at Weldon 
 railroad, August 19, 1864, 
 
 Mertz, Jacob K., 
 
 Middaugh, John T., 
 
 Miller, Jacob, 
 
 Miller, Henry, 
 
 Miller, James, 
 
 Millhouse, John, 
 
 Moll, Joseph A., 
 
 Mullen, Arthur, 
 
 Myers, Daniel, 
 
 Norton, Henry M., 
 
 Orwig, William P., 
 
 Orwig, John W., 
 
 Paul, Peter G., 
 
 Post, Victor E., 
 
 Radenbaugh, Jeremiah, 
 
 Rahback, John, 
 
 Reed, Martin G., 
 
 Renner, Levi, 
 
 Reese, Jonathan, 
 
 Rote, Joel, 
 
 Rote, Samuel, 
 
 Rulp, John v., 
 
 Sassman, Emanuel, 
 
 Sassman, Noah W., 
 
 Searles, Sebastian, 
 
 Seebold, George A., 
 
 See bold. Castor, died at Philadel- 
 phia, Pennsylvania, May 11, 1864, 
 
 Schaffle, Frank S., 
 
 Schnure, George, 
 
 Schnure, William, 
 
 Shatfer, Anthony, 
 
 Sheckler, John W., 
 
 Sheary, Samuel F., 
 
 Shreliier, Joseph, 
 
 Shriner, Josiah, 
 
 Sholley, William S., 
 
 Simmons, Thomas, 
 
 Smith, Albert E., 
 
 Sm^der, Henry, 
 
 Snyder, Jonathan, 
 
 Speese, Daniel, 
 
 Stitzer, John T., 
 
 Toland, Robert, 
 
 Trainer, Charles H., 
 
 Tucker, Samuel, 
 
 Watson, William S., 
 
 Weaver, John D., 
 
 Webb, William, 
 
 Wilson, Charles, 
 
 Wirt, Andrew G., 
 
SS2 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Wirt, George W., died at Lexington, 
 
 Kentucky, September 15, 1S6B, 
 Woltinger, Joseph, 
 
 Woodward, C. W., 
 Zechman, Melanc'n, 
 Zimmerman, William, 
 
 COMPANY H, FIFTY-FIRST PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Captains. 
 J. Merrill Linn, 
 G-eorge Sliorkley. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 J. Gilbert Beaver, killed at Antie- 
 
 tam, September 17, 1862, 
 Hugh McClure. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 Aaron Smith, 
 Jacob H. Santo, 
 David C. Brewer. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 Jacob Nyhart. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Matthew Vandine, killed at Antie- 
 
 tam, September 17, 1862, 
 George Breon, 
 Seth'j. Housel, 
 Harrison Hause, 
 Frederick Erwine, 
 George W. Brown, 
 John Aldenderfer, 
 James Kincaid, 
 Daniel M. Wetzell, 
 William Allison, killedatFredricks- 
 
 burg, December 13, 1862. 
 
 Gorj)oraJs. 
 H. J. Lingerman, 
 John Grambling, 
 Alfred Durst, 
 George H Kauff, 
 Henry Foglemian, 
 Michael Lepley, 
 Andrew Knepp, 
 R. A. M. Harner, 
 H. C. McCormick, 
 Henry B. Wetzell, 
 Reuben Baker, 
 Peter Koser, 
 Nicholas Nichols, 
 Robert Henry, 
 H. Co'y McCormick, 
 John Q. Adams, 
 Charles Merrill, 
 James L. Schooly, 
 Deitrich Beckman, 
 J. Bachenhamer, 
 Henry J. Warner. 
 
 Musicians. ■ 
 Jacob Moore, 
 Charles P. McFadden, 
 Andrew Bernade. 
 
 • . Privates. 
 Allshouse, Peter, 
 Angstadt, Jonas, 
 Angstadt, Mabury, 
 Armpriester, William, 
 Au:chenbaugh, William, 
 Ayers, James, 
 Baldwin, Eleazer, 
 Bastian, Peter, ^/ 
 
 Bastian, Abraham, • 
 Bear, Edward, killed at Antietam 
 Beeber, Henry, 
 Beehn, Henry A., 
 Beck, Isaac, killed at Antietam, 
 Benner, Lewis J., 
 Bennett, Miles, 
 Berkeville, Daniel, 
 Blunt, James, 
 Brensinger, Levi, 
 Britton, Simon, 
 Brown, Asa, 
 Brownfield, John, ''' 
 Bobst, David, 
 Boon, Daniel, 
 Bower, Harrison, 
 Bomgardner, Daniel, 
 Bordmel, Daniel C, 
 Boyer, John, 
 Boyer, William, 
 Buskirk, Jacob, 
 Carey, George W., 
 Casseck, Northell, 
 Chriesher, William F., 
 Christv, James, 
 Clark," David, — - 
 Corl, John, 
 Dawson, John L., 
 Debilzon, John S., 
 Dehaven, Reuben,' 
 Dillsplains, Mahl'n, 
 Dopp, J. Peter, 
 Dougherty, John, 
 Dougherty, James, 
 Douty, William H., kCled at Knox- 
 
 ville, Tennessee November 29, 
 
 1863, 
 Doyle, Matthew, 
 Doyle, James, 
 Dumheller, Abner, 
 
AANALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 583 
 
 Dysher, Mathias, 
 
 Dye, Richard, 
 
 Eardly, John W., killed at North 
 Anna, May 27, 1864, 
 
 Eglof, Samuel, 
 
 Ervlne, Frederick, 
 
 Espenship, David, 
 
 Everly, Andrew F., 
 
 Everett, William, 
 
 Farley, Samuel, died at Knoxville, 
 Tennessee, December 19, 1863, 
 
 Fewring, George, 
 
 Fies, Henry, 
 
 Fike, John, 
 
 Foote, John W., 
 
 Fox, William H. R., 
 
 Frederick, Ebenezer, 
 
 Frynte, George H., 
 
 Gallagher, W'illiam, 
 
 Gardner, William, 
 
 Getty, David H., 
 
 Goss, Simon, 
 
 Grier, Thomas G., died at Moore- 
 head City, North Carolina, October 
 6, 1864, 
 
 Haas, William, 
 
 Hain, Henry, 
 
 Hain, John, 
 
 Harding, Jarrett S., 
 
 Harris, "Joseph, 
 
 Hartline, Daniel, 
 
 Hartline, David, 
 
 Hefner, Jonathan, 
 
 Hefflefinger, George, 
 
 Henry, Adam, 
 
 Hertzog, Emanuel, 
 
 Heitsman, Isaiah, 
 
 Hoffman, Thomas, 
 
 Holen, Thomas, 
 
 Holslander, George F., 
 
 Humphrey, John, 
 
 Ingerson, Hillman, 
 
 Jones, Thomas, 
 
 Keffer, Henry J., 
 
 Kelly, James S., 
 
 Kelly, James A., 
 
 Kneph, Simon, 
 
 Knode, Albion G., 
 
 Kyseraski, Joseph, 
 
 Lattimer, William J., 
 
 Leamon, John E., 
 
 Leinbach, Calvin L., 
 
 Lenig, Jacob, 
 
 Leplev, William, 
 
 Lott, John W., 
 
 Lyon, Conrad, 
 
 McMurtrie, Isaac, 
 
 McEvven, Samuel S., 
 
 Marks, Levi, 
 
 Marr, Tliomas P., 
 
 Mease, George, 
 
 Miller, John, 
 
 Miller, Samuel S., 
 
 Miller, Daniel I., 
 
 Miller, Jeremiah, 
 
 Miller, William A., 
 
 Miller, Henry, 
 
 Mocherman, John H., 
 
 Moll, Joseph A., 
 
 Moore, John, 
 
 Moyer, Daniel B., 
 
 Moyer, Daniel, 
 
 Murphy, John, 
 
 Murphy, Joseph, 
 
 My ers, William H., 
 
 Nainan, John A., 
 
 Oaks, William L., 
 
 Pareby, Joseph, 
 
 Passel'l, Robert W., 
 
 Phleger, Jacob, 
 
 Phillips, Abraham F. C, 
 
 Purcell, George, 
 
 Ream, Jacob, 
 
 Rexford, Henry E., 
 
 Rhoades, Jacob, 
 
 Search, Thomas F., 
 
 Scales, Edwin, (N. B.,) 
 
 Serwatznes, Joseph, 
 
 Shafiter, Lewis L, 
 
 Shappee, Dwier, 
 
 Shalley, William, 
 
 Shriner, William H., 
 
 Shreck, John V., 
 
 Slottman, Daniel, 
 
 Smith, John P., 
 
 Smith, John D., 
 
 Smith, David, 
 
 Smith, John, H., 
 
 Smith, Jacob, 
 
 Smith, Isaiah, 
 
 Smith, Frederick, 
 
 Smith, Peter, captured August 21, 
 
 1864, absent at nuister out, 
 Snyder, Nathaniel, 
 Snvder, Samuel, 
 Steltz William, 
 Steward, Charles R., 
 Sullivan, Patrick, 
 Swab, William, 
 Swaverly, Adam, 
 Taylor, Samuel, 
 Turner, James, 
 Wagore, George, 
 Watkins, Benjamin, 
 Weisenbach, Anthony, 
 Weisenbach, Leo, 
 Wellings, William J., 
 Wentzel, Jacob, 
 Wien, William, 
 Williamson, Aaron, 
 Williamson, James, 
 Williams, William, 
 
Jc?^ 
 
 ANX.tLS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Wittes, Isaac, killed at Antietam, 
 Wood, vVaron A., 
 Uhl, Christian, 
 Umstead, John C, 
 Updegraph, Lewis, 
 
 Van-Gezer, George, 
 Yoder, David, 
 Young, David I., 
 Youngman, John C, 
 Zechnow, Charles. 
 
 COMPANY K, FIFTY-FIRST PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 {Includinr/ only those from Buffalo Valley and vicinity.^ 
 
 Captain. 
 George P. Carman. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 Josiah Kelly, 
 John B. Linn. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 
 Franklin Beale, 
 
 Frank P. Sterner, promoted captain 
 
 April 16, 1864, and killed in action 
 
 May 12, 1864. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 
 L. J. Crossgrove, 
 
 Thomas C. Pierce, killed in action 
 front Petersburg, Virginia, June 
 17, 1864, 
 
 .lames Gibson, kUled at Petersbui-g, 
 July 30, 1864, 
 
 .John Vanlew. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 William Buoy, died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Cold Harbor, Virginia, 
 
 Henry G. Dentler, died at Ancle rson- 
 ville, Georgia, May 17, 1864 — grave 
 1,161, 
 
 Edward Held, 
 
 Thomas J. Arbuckle, died in cap- 
 tivity, 
 
 Nathan M. Hann. 
 
 Musician. 
 Montgomery S. Adams. 
 Privates. 
 Aikey, Lewis, 
 Aikey, Zechariah, 
 Allen, Benjamm, 
 Bastian, George W., 
 Babcock, Joseph, 
 Baldwin, Absalom, died at Ander- 
 
 sonville, Georgia, September 24, 
 
 1864, 
 Barnhart, James, 
 Bently, Franklin, 
 Berryman, Richard, 
 Betzer, John, 
 Benfer, David, 
 Bower, William D., 
 Bratton, Philip H., 
 
 Cole, Christopher E., 
 
 Cox, John F., 
 
 Crites, Kremer, 
 
 Crossgrove, Samuel, 
 
 Depo, Thomas, 
 
 Doebler, Alexander, taken prisoner 
 
 May 27, 1864, 
 Duck, Franklin F., died in captivity. 
 Dull, George, died at Alexandria, 
 
 Virginia, September 19, 1864 — 
 
 grave 2,683, 
 Fangboner, John, 
 Foster, Thomas, killed at Weldon 
 
 railroad, August 19, 1864, 
 Garrett, James, captured, died at 
 
 Andersonville, Georgia, August 19, 
 
 1864— grave 6,140, 
 Geddes, John, 
 Gift, .lonathan J., 
 Hanselman, Peter, 
 Harris, John, killed June 17, 1864, 
 Henry, Isaiah, 
 
 Hoover, Daniel, died June 27, 1864, 
 Hoover, Charles, died at New York 
 
 city, November 12, 1864, 
 Houtz, Henry, 
 Huffman, John, 
 Ludwig, Jarad, 
 McBride, Paul M., 
 Macpherson, John, 
 Mann, Pliilip, J., 
 Marr, James, 
 Meylert, William S., 
 Mills, David, 
 Moore, Joseph G., 
 Ocker, David G., 
 Poeth, Josei^h G., 
 Rank, Benjamin, wounded at Cold 
 
 Harbor, 
 Rank, Samuel, 
 Rank, John, died of wounds received 
 
 in battle at Spottsylvania, 
 Reese, John, 
 Reichlj^, David, 
 Reinhart, Nicholas, 
 Reish, Solomon, captured at Weldon 
 
 railroad, 
 Richards, Edward, died September 
 
 10, 1864, of wounds. 
 Rider, Benjamin, 
 Riefsnyder, William, 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 5S5 
 
 Royer, Samuel, 
 
 Sarvis Joseph, 
 
 Souders, Ephraim, 
 
 Search, William, 
 
 Shaflfer, Thomas, 
 
 Sheriy, George H., 
 
 Shiers, Michael, 
 
 Shilling, Alfred, wounded at Wil- 
 derness, May 6, 18fi4, 
 
 Shingle, David, killed at Cold Har- 
 bor, Virginia, June 3, 1864, 
 
 Showers, JBenry C, 
 
 Stees, David C", 
 
 Stuttsman, William M., 
 
 Summers, Oliver, 
 
 Royer, Samuel, 
 
 Roush, Benjamin, 
 
 Terry, George W., 
 
 Treaster, Henry, 
 
 Truitt, William M., 
 
 Turner, Lyman B., 
 
 Watts, John, 
 
 W^eidell, John, died, October 2(i, 1864, 
 of wounds received at Cold Harbor, 
 June 3, 1864, buried in National 
 cemetery, Arlington, Virginia, 
 
 Wertz, Robert, 
 
 Winegardner, John, wounded in 
 action, June 6, 1864. 
 
 Yearick, Tobias. 
 
 COMPANY D, FIFTY-SECOND REGIMENT. 
 
 Ga%)tains. 
 James Chamberlin, resigned Mav 
 
 11,1863, 
 Samuel Cuskaden. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 .1. P. S. Weidensaul. 
 
 Second Lieutenaoits. 
 Aaron Stoughton, 
 William Pliillips. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 George W. Scott, died from wounds 
 
 received at .Tames Island, South 
 
 Carolina, July 3, 1864, 
 Edward Zechman, 
 Lot Trate, 
 .Jacob Fetter, 
 William J. Evans, 
 .Jacob Getter, 
 Joseph H. Pardoe, 
 Michael Flaherty, 
 Samuel Chalfanf, 
 William Richardson, 
 William Connelly, 
 •Joseph R. Housei, 
 B. F. Machamer, 
 John McPherson, 
 William A. Sober, 
 James McBride, died at Wa.shing 
 
 ton, D. C. 
 
 Coo^porals. 
 Joseph McCracken, 
 Thomas INIackey, 
 Enoch Rice, 
 Martin Young, 
 .John Tambler, 
 James Campbell, 
 .John Leidataeck, 
 Elias K. Foust, 
 Patrick Kearney, 
 
 Peter Sheddel, 
 
 Abraham Kauffman, 
 
 Alexander J. Sober, 
 
 Samuel Herman, 
 
 Samuel Dolby, 
 
 I. Dunkleberger, died June 4, 1862, 
 of wounds, 
 
 Charles A. Penny, died at Craney 
 Island, Virginia, Sept. 25, 1862, 
 
 Gotlieb Smaltzried, died at Morris 
 Island, South Carolina, Septem- 
 ber 6, 1863. 
 
 Musicians. 
 Henry Gallagher, died at White 
 
 House, Virginia, June 15, 1862, 
 Charles McGregor. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Able, John, died at Annapolis, Ma- 
 ryland, December 21, 1864, 
 
 Baker, Peter, 
 
 Barker, Henrj^, 
 
 Balliett, John", 
 
 Bennett, William H., 
 
 Berkhiser, Isaac, 
 
 Blake, Christopher, 
 
 Blake, James, 
 
 Bower, Wilson M., 
 
 Bowers, James, 
 
 Brocius, Gideon, 
 
 Buck, Frederick, 
 
 Burris, Henry H., 
 
 Callahan, Michael, died at Ander- 
 sonville, Georgia, September 27, 
 1864—9,886, 
 
 Carey, Archibald, died at Florence, 
 South Carolina, November26, 1864, 
 
 Chalfant, Samuel, 
 
 Chappell, Ira, 
 
 Chappell, George, 
 
 Cogin, John, 
 
SS6 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Cornelison, John R., 
 
 Cornelius, Jackson, 
 
 Collins, George, 
 
 Courtwright, P. W., died at Hilton 
 
 Head, South Carolina, June 13, 
 
 18G4, 
 Banner, Samuel, 
 Danne3% William, died at Florence, 
 
 South Carolina, December 10, 1864, 
 Dailey, John, 
 Donachy, John, 
 Doyle, John, 
 Doyle, Thomas, 
 Duck, Daniel, killed at Fair Oaks, 
 
 May 31, 1862, 
 Duryea, James, 
 Emerick, Philip, 
 Evans, Richard, 
 Fadden, James, 
 Fenstermacher, James, 
 Fertig, John, 
 Fisher, Peter, 
 Foulds, Richard, 
 Gahring, Charles, died at Florence, 
 
 South Carolina, October 18, 1864, 
 Geiger, Lewis, 
 Gordon, George, 
 Greiger, Jacob, 
 Grey, William, 
 Gross, Joseph, died at Washington, 
 
 D. C, Jvme 19, 1862, 
 ^"^ Gunn, Jeremiah, 
 Gooden, George, 
 Hall, Henry, 
 Hankey, John, 
 Hankey, Frank, 
 Heaton, John, 
 Heimbach, Benjamin F., 
 Heller, Jeremiah, 
 Helwick, Andrew, 
 Hensyl, Lot, 
 Houtz, Austin S., 
 Hufford, Lewis, 
 Hunter, John, 
 Irving, Abrani A., 
 Jameson, Henry, 
 Jarrett, Franklin, 
 Jones, Daniel, 
 Kinney, John, 
 Kinter, Maurice, 
 Kirsch, Frederick, 
 Krider, Jacob, 
 Krider, Daniel, 
 KauiTman, Ab., 
 Kearney, Patrick, 
 Lemereaux, O. H., 
 Lenhart, Henry, 
 Lennard, James, 
 Livengood, Abraham, 
 Loch, Samuel, 
 Long, Zephaniah, 
 
 Long, Charles, 
 
 Long, John F., 
 
 Long, Isaac; 
 
 Lupoid, Jeremiah, killed at Fort 
 
 Henry, Tennessee, April 2, 1862, 
 McGaniiel, Edward, killed at Fair 
 
 Oaks, May 31, 1862, 
 Martin, William, 
 Martin, David, 
 Messersmith, Jeremiah, 
 Miller, William, 
 Miller, Amzi W., died at Anderson- 
 
 ville, Georgia, October 1, 1864, 
 Minnier, Samuel, 
 Moran, Patrick, 
 Morrison, Michael, 
 Moyer, Benjamin F., killed at Fair 
 
 daks. May 31, 1862, 
 Mussleman, John, died at Yorktown, 
 
 Virginia, November 27, 1862, 
 Musser, John, 
 Nagle, Samuel, 
 Neifert, Henry, 
 O'Gara, Dominick, 
 01 by, William L., 
 Ott, Samuel, 
 Owens, John H., 
 Pell, Benjamin, died at Florence, 
 
 South Carolina, October 21, 1864, 
 Poeth, Henry C, 
 Poole, Josiah, died September 23, 
 
 1864, buried in Cypress Hill ceme- 
 
 try. Long Island, 
 Pooie, Gilbert, captured, died in 
 
 Florence, South Carolina, August 
 
 22, 1864, 
 Price, William, 
 Pifer, Elias F., 
 Phillips, William, 
 Pardoe, Joseph H., 
 Rahmer, Charles, 
 Ransom, Thomas D., 
 Reed, Samuel, died July 1864, of 
 
 wounds received at Fort Johnson, 
 
 South Carolina, 
 Renney, James B., died at Yorktown, 
 
 Virginia, December 17, 1862, 
 Richard, Charles, 
 Richley, Frederick, 
 Rorabach, Henry, 
 Rutloss, Moritz 'C, 
 Saunders, Sanmel, 
 Slaeibelhood, Joseph, 
 Smith, William H., 
 Specht, Michael, died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C, June 24, 1862, of wounds 
 
 received at Fair Oaks, Virginia, 
 
 May 31, 1862, 
 Springer, Joseph, 
 Sober, Salathiel, killed at Fair Oaks, 
 
 May 31, 1862, 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 587 
 
 Sober, Aaron, 
 
 Staples, Nelson, captured, died at 
 
 Florence, South Carolina, October 
 
 20, 1864, 
 Stapleton, Franklin, 
 Stetler, Charles, 
 Souder, Henry J., died at Florence, 
 
 South Carolina, October 20, 1864, 
 Trutt, David, 
 Vertz, George W., 
 Wagner, Josiah, 
 Warner, Gideon, died at Florence, 
 
 South Carolina, October 1, 1864, 
 
 Wertz, Thomas, 
 
 Wheat, John, 
 
 Wheeler, Walter, 
 
 Williams, Philip, 
 
 Willis, David, died at Morris Island, 
 
 South Carolina, August 31, 1864, 
 Wilson, John, 
 Womelsdorf, J., 
 Woodward, G. W., 
 Wright, Franklin, 
 Wright, Charles, 
 ZeUers. John, died at Florence, 
 
 South Carolina, October 1, 1864. 
 
 COMPANY E, FIFTY- THIRD REGIMENT. 
 
 {Including only those froyn Buffalo Valley and vicinity.) 
 
 Captains. 
 Thomas Church, 
 Beach C. Ammons, 
 Daniel Art man. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Henry F. Menges. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 Albert H. Hess. 
 
 First Sergeant. 
 John R. Smith. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 William Ulrich, 
 Joseph Hartley, 
 David Davis, 
 John Milsom. 
 
 Corporals. 
 William Parry, 
 James Harvey, 
 Archibald McPherson, 
 William Byrne, 
 Ezekiel Gilham, 
 John McCollum, 
 William Tovy. 
 
 Musicians. 
 Jacob Bingaman, 
 Daniel Bingaman. 
 
 Teamster. 
 David Kohlen. 
 
 Privates. 
 Bingaman, Daniel J., 
 Bingaman^ James, died at Annapo- 
 lis, Maryland, December 20, 1864, 
 Bvioy, Sylvester, 
 Cushion, John, 
 Davis, Thomas, 
 Davis, Job, 
 Dickison, Samuel, 
 Druin, William, 
 Getz, George, 
 Hancock, Richard, 
 Hancock, William, 
 Hayden, James, 
 Heinback, George, 
 Hess, Isaac, 
 Hess, Francis, 
 Kaler, Jefferson, 
 McCollum, William, 
 McPherson, John, 
 Marsh, Charles P., 
 Oldfleld, John, 
 Price, John, 
 Rearick, Oliver, P., 
 Sergeant, William, 
 Slay man, Russel, 
 Snyder, Samuel, 
 Stevens, William, 
 Thomas, William H., 
 Tovy, Daniel, 
 Ulrich, Eisle, 
 Walters, Henry, C, 
 Wiehr, David M. L. 
 
 COMPANY A, ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FIRST REGIMENT. 
 
 Captains. 
 Jacob Moyer, 
 Joseph R. Orwig. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 Joseph Williaiu Kepler. 
 
 Second Lieutenant. 
 William Fitchthorn. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Albert Barnes, • 
 Forster Halfpenny, 
 
588 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Isaac Treat, 
 Josiah Shriner, 
 Henry Rotherinal. 
 
 Corjoorals. 
 George W. Fiester, 
 Charles Worinan, 
 Jacob Hower, 
 Harrison Hater, 
 Samuel S. Smith, 
 William H. Weirick, 
 Joel Kline, 
 Henry Phillips, 
 Nathaniel W. vStrahan. 
 
 Musician. 
 
 James Forrest. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Aikey, William Henry, killed at 
 Fredericksburg, Virginia, Decem- 
 ber 13, 18f52, 
 
 Burkliolder, William, 
 
 Burkliolder, Lewis, 
 
 Burkensfcock, H., 
 
 Brant, Henry, 
 
 Baldwin, Absalom, 
 
 Brocius, Isaac, 
 
 Bordner, William, 
 
 Cauliflower, William, 
 
 Charles, Sturger, 
 
 Collins, Peter, 
 
 Cornelius, Washington, 
 
 Crisswell, William, 
 
 Dennis, Phares, 
 
 Devine, Peter, 
 
 Diehl, Henry Calvin, 
 
 Dollard, William, 
 
 Dresher, William, 
 
 Fiester, John Uhl, 
 
 Foltz, Martin, 
 
 Foster, Andrew, 
 
 Glover, John W., 
 
 Grove, G. Samuel, 
 
 Hansel man, David, 
 
 Harris, Jolm, 
 
 Hartley, Elias, 
 
 Hayes, Jaixies C, 
 
 Henry, William G., 
 
 Huff, George, 
 
 Huff, John, 
 
 Hultsizer, Jesse, died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C, November 10, 1862. 
 
 Katherman, Joseph, 
 
 Katherman, Isaiali, 
 
 Kline, Charles, 
 
 Kline, George, 
 
 Kline, Henry Charles, 
 
 Laird, Samuel H., 
 
 Lashells, George W., killed at Fred- 
 ericksbui-g, Virginia, December 
 13, 1862. 
 
 Lenhart, David, 
 
 Leib, Emanuel, 
 
 Ludwig, George, 
 
 McPherson, Archibald, 
 
 Markle, John, 
 
 Maxwell, Archibald, 
 
 Meyers, Daniel B., 
 
 Miller, Harry, 
 
 Moyer, George W., 
 
 Newman, Lewis, 
 
 Rarer, John, 
 
 Reed, G. Thompson, 
 
 Reed, John, 
 
 Richards, Christian, 
 
 Rorabaugh, James A., 
 
 Rossman, William, 
 
 Rote, Joseph, 
 
 Sanders, George L., 
 
 Schnee, Peter, 
 
 Schuck, Thomas L., 
 
 Shaffer, Milton, 
 
 Showalter, Samuel, 
 
 Smith, Sylvester, 
 
 Snyder, William A., 
 
 Snyder, William W., 
 
 Snyder, Emanuel, killed at Fred- 
 ericksburg, Virginia, December 
 13, 1862, 
 
 Solomon, Henry C, 
 
 Sommers, Jeremiah, 
 
 Sonniiers, Oliver, 
 
 Stees, Henry George, killed at Fred- 
 ericksburg, Virginia, Dec. 18, 1862. 
 
 Swartz, John, 
 
 Taylor, William A., 
 
 Wertz, William, 
 
 Wilson, Frank, 
 
 Winegarden, J. A., 
 
 Wise, Charles, 
 
 Zechman, M. Calvin. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 In Battery JE, First Artillery — 
 
 Forty-third Regiment. 
 Captain Tliomas G. Orwig. 
 First Lieutenant Benj. M. Orwig. 
 
 In Company F, One Hundred and 
 
 Thirteenth — Twelfth Cavalry. 
 First Lieutenant David A. Irwin. 
 
 Second Lieutenant Henry E. Gii- 
 telius. 
 
 Company F, Fifty-sixth Pennsyl- 
 vania. 
 Second Lieutenant George W. Guil- 
 din. 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 589 
 
 COMPANY E, ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SECOND REGIMENT. 
 
 Captains. 
 John A. Owens, 
 Charles R. Evans. 
 
 First Lieutenants. 
 Andrew O. Tucker, died July 5, of 
 wounds received at Gettysburg, 
 July 1, 1863. 
 Isaac S. Kerstetter. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Scott Clingan, 
 Alfred Hayes, 
 Samuel Brown, 
 John V. Miller, 
 Reuben B. Fessler, 
 Thomas P. Wagner, 
 Thomas R. Orwig, died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C, November 30, 1862. 
 
 Corporals. 
 
 Isaac J. Kerstetter, 
 
 Isaac F. Brown, 
 
 John Gellinger, 
 
 Benjamin W. Minium, 
 
 Henry C. Penny. 
 
 John H. Martin,' 
 
 William Keifer, 
 
 Nathaniel Strahan, 
 
 Henry M. Specht, 
 
 Jacob H. Rank, died, June 1, of 
 wounds received at Spottsylvania 
 Court House, Virginia, May 12, 
 1864. ^ > J , 
 
 Samuel Moyer, killed at Fredericks- 
 burg, Virgmia, December 13, 1862. 
 
 Musicians. 
 
 William Geibel, 
 
 Hunter B. Barton. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Ammon, W^illiam L., 
 
 Armagast, Peter, killed at Freder- 
 icksburg, Virginia, December 13, 
 1862, 
 
 Baker, George, 
 
 Boope, Geoz-ge E., 
 
 Boyer, Solomon, 
 
 Campbell, Reuben, 
 
 Deibert, John P., killed at CatJett's 
 Station. Virginia, November 30, 
 1863, 
 
 Dellinger, John S., killed at Freder- 
 icksburg, Virginia, December 13, 
 1862, 
 
 Donachy, William L., 
 
 Fangboner, Theodore, 
 
 Farley, John, 
 
 Fees, "David, 
 
 Fetter, David, died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Fredericksburg, Vir- 
 ginia, December 13, 1862, 
 
 Fetter, Adam, 
 
 Fullmer, William H., 
 
 Gellinger, Jackson, 
 
 Gilboney, Jacob B., 
 
 Gundy, James P., 
 
 Hartman, Har'n R., 
 
 Hofl'man, Noah, 
 
 Hoffman, John, 
 
 Hoffman, Henry W., 
 
 Hoffman, Solomon B., 
 
 Houghton, Thomas, 
 
 Jamison, David, died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Fredericksburg, Vir- 
 ginia, December 13, 1862, 
 
 Kline, John, died of wounds receiv- 
 ed at Wilderness, Virginia, Mav 
 6, 1864, 
 
 Kling, John, died at Acquia creek, 
 January 22, 1863, 
 
 Koser, William, died at Warren- 
 ton, Virginia, November, 1862, 
 
 Koser, Uriah, 
 
 LeFevre, Frank P., 
 
 Lenhart, Jacob, 
 
 McBride, Daniel, 
 
 Marr, James, 
 
 Martin, Henry, died at Sharpsburg, 
 Maryland, "November 24, 1862, 
 buried in National cemeterj^, An- 
 tietam — section 26, lot B, grave 224, 
 
 Martin, Daniel, died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Fredericksburg, Vir- 
 ginia, December 13, 1862, 
 
 Minium, John A., 
 
 Morris, A. Judson, 
 
 Moser, Jacob, killed at Cold Harbor, 
 Virginia, June 1, 1864, 
 
 Moser, Jeremiah, died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Fredericksbvirg, Vir- 
 ginia, December 13, 1862, 
 
 Moyer, John N., 
 
 Moyer, Levi H., died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Fredericksburg, Vir- 
 ginia, December 13, 1862, 
 
 Pontius, Henry B., 
 
 Raboss, John, 
 
 Raboss, Henry, killed, March 24, 
 1865, 
 
 Rank, Samuel, 
 
 Reichley, George, 
 
 Reish, George, 
 
 Renner, William, L., 
 
 Renner, Levi, died at Richmond, 
 Virginia, Febuary 23, 1863, of 
 wounds received at Fredericks- 
 burg, Virginia, December 13, 1862, 
 
SPO 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Root, David, died at Gettysburg, 
 
 Pennsylvania, July 3, 1863, 
 Sechler, William R., 
 Shafl'er, Jeremiah, 
 Shields, William, 
 Sho waiter, John W., 
 Smith, Henry M., 
 Smith, Henry C, 
 Smith, Michael, 
 Sraham, James C, 
 Sortman, Daniel, 
 
 Stapleton, George, died, July 26, of 
 . wounds received at Gettysburg, 
 
 Pennsylvania, July 1, 1863, 
 Steinmetz, Philip, 
 
 Stettler, Henry, died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C, October 12, 1862, burial 
 record, October 7, 1864, buried in 
 Military Asylum cemeterj^, 
 
 Stitzer, Samuel, died at Washington, 
 D. C, May 30, of wounds received 
 at North Anna river, Virginia, May 
 23, 1864, buried in National ceme- 
 tery, Arlington, 
 
 Stuck, Henry, died of wounds re- 
 ceived at Fredericksburg, Virginia, 
 December 13, 1862, 
 
 Wilson, Robert M., 
 
 Wolfe, Emanuel, 
 
 Wolfe, William H., 
 
 Wynn, Thomas. 
 
 COMPANY D, ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH REGIMENT. 
 
 Captains, 
 Henry W. Crotzer, 
 William P. Dougal, 
 Roland Stoughton, died May 27, of 
 
 wounds received at Wilderness, 
 
 Virginia, May 5, 1864, 
 John H. Harter, 
 S. H. Himmelwright. 
 
 First Lieutenant. 
 John A. Hauck. 
 
 Second Lieutenants. 
 Samuel G. Gutelius, 
 James Cummings. 
 
 Sergeants. 
 Samuel C. Ranson, 
 Samuel Kerstetter, 
 James W. Marshall, 
 Charles A. Frey, 
 John Stennert, 
 
 Ellas B. Weidensaul, killed at Get- 
 tysburg, July 1, 1863. 
 
 Coi-porals. 
 
 Albert Forster, 
 
 Howard Ritter, 
 
 Samuel Ruhl, 
 
 Amos Browand, 
 
 William Eberhart, 
 
 George L. Murray, 
 
 John Donachy, 
 
 John M. Hunt, 
 
 George W. Barkdoll, 
 
 William E. Hennings, killed at 
 Gettysburg, July 1, 1863, 
 
 Joseph B. Ruhl, killed at Gettys- 
 burg, July 1, 1863, 
 
 William Donachy, killed at Laurel 
 Hill, Virginia, May 8, 1864, 
 
 Ephraim Campbell, died at Wash- 
 ington, D. C, November 10, 1864, 
 
 Joseph J. Gutelius, killed at Get- 
 tysburg, July 1, 1863. 
 
 Musician. 
 Abraham Kuhn,died at Washington, 
 D. C, December 21, 1862. 
 
 Privates. 
 
 Ammon, Aaron, 
 
 Bird, John S., 
 
 Breyman, Mahlon, 
 
 Browand, Henry,* 
 
 Brian, Michael, 
 
 Boyer, Jacob, 
 
 Buoy, Charles S., 
 
 Chambers James M., 
 
 Deal, Adam, 
 
 Deal, Henry, 
 
 Deal, John, died of wounds received 
 at Hatcher's Run, Virginia, Feb- 
 ruary 5, 1865, 
 
 Eberhart, Abrahain, 
 
 Eberhart, .James, 
 
 Eisenhaur, Isaac, 
 
 Erdey, Simon, 
 
 Fees, Henry A., killed at Gettys- 
 burg, July 1, 1863. 
 
 Fillman, Jacob, 
 
 Foust, Simon E., 
 
 Fox, John F., 
 
 Garrett, Edward, 
 
 Grove, Peter, 
 
 Gutelius, Fisher, 
 
 Gutelius, Charles H., 
 
 Hafer, John, 
 
 Hassenplug, S. F., 
 
 Hauck, Ammon L., 
 
 Hoffrnaster, B., 
 
 Hottenstein, D. R., 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 59^ 
 
 Hursh, William, 
 
 Kaler, John, 
 
 Keifer, Henry M., 
 
 Knittle, James, 
 
 Lashells, Wilson, 
 
 Linn, Isaac, 
 
 Linn, Abraham, died at Washing- 
 ton, D. C, November 10, 1862, 
 
 Lucas, James, killed at AVilderness, 
 Virginia, May 7, 1864, 
 
 McFa'dden, E. A., killed at Gettys- 
 burg, Pennsylvania, July 1, 1863, 
 
 Mader, Charles E., 
 
 Malehom, Simon, 
 
 Master, Henrj^, 
 
 May, John, killed at Gettysburg, 
 July, 1, 1863, 
 
 Miller, William R., killed at Gettys- 
 burg, July 1, 1863, 
 
 Nagie, Samuel, 
 
 Neese, Jacob, 
 
 Oberdorf, George F., 
 
 Paige, David, 
 
 Paul, Samuel W., 
 
 Pick, Nathan, 
 
 Putzman, Jacob D., 
 
 Reedy, Joel, 
 
 Sarba, John, 
 
 Seamen, Jonathan, 
 
 Sedam, Jolm, died at Richmond, Vir- 
 ginia, January 2, 1864. 
 
 Shaffer, Edwin, died at Elmira, 
 New York, March, 22, 1865. 
 
 Shell, Jacob, 
 
 Smith, Hiram, 
 
 Stahl, Peter S., 
 
 Stable, William, 
 
 Stitzer, William, 
 
 Stoutz, Milton J., 
 
 Trout Frank F., 
 
 Wirth, Calvin, 
 
 Wittenmj^er, Henry, 
 
 Weiser, George W., 
 
 Wolfe John, 
 
 Zellers, Isaac. 
 
 ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-FOURTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Lieut. Colonel Charles Kleckner, 
 George W. Kleckner, Com. Sergt., 
 Charles E. Haus, Sec. Lieut. Co. I, 
 
 Corporal John L. Strong, 
 Charles Crotzer. 
 
 TWENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT, EMERGENCY TROOPS. 
 
 Field and Staff. 
 
 Colonel James Chamberlin, 
 Lieut. Colonel John McCleery, 
 Quatermaster Thompson G. Evans, 
 Surgeon George Lotz, 
 Quar. Sergeant Samuel H. Orwig, 
 
 Company A. 
 
 Captain Thomas R. Jones, 
 First Lieutenant David M. Nesbit, 
 Second Lieut. Charles S. James, 
 First Sergeant Owen P. Eaches. 
 Sergeant Benjamin F. Cox, 
 " John B. Hutton, 
 " Ross Ward, 
 " Robert A. Townsend. 
 Corporal John G. Blair, 
 " John Ritner, 
 " David McDermond, 
 " Joseph R. Frederick, 
 " Henry H. Witmer, 
 " Harrison B. Garner, 
 " Joseph H. Shepperd, 
 " Henry C. Wolf. 
 Musician Frederick E. Bower, 
 *' George D. Kin cade. 
 
 Privates. 
 Barnhart, Daniel W., 
 Bobb, Peter G., 
 Brensinger, George J., 
 Bowman, George, 
 Case, William W., 
 Cook, jr., A slier, 
 Curtis, John W., 
 Colvert, Edwin, 
 Donachy, John A., 
 Derr, Frank C, 
 Fegley, George, 
 Gebhart, David, 
 Gessler, Theodore A. K., 
 Giddings, Nathaniel, 
 Gill, Thomas A., 
 Grier, Henry F., 
 Hall, George C, 
 Hess, Jacob W., 
 Hill, Eleazer E., 
 Hutson, John S., 
 Henderson, Henry J., 
 James, Jacob D., ' 
 Johnson, Jesse Z., 
 Krape, Antis, 
 Leas, David P., 
 Lotz, Galen H., 
 
S9^ 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Looinis, Freeman, 
 Low, Clement B., 
 Leinbach, James C, 
 Martz, ('xeorge O., 
 Maul, Webster R., 
 Mettler, Charles W., 
 Munro, Henry C, 
 Overliolt, John J., 
 Phillips, Thomas E., 
 Probasco, John B., 
 Read, David E., 
 Read, Jesse J., 
 Read, Oliver J., 
 Ranney, Edwin H., 
 Runyan, William H., 
 Spratt, Orlando W., 
 Stef)liens, Leroy, 
 Shanafelt, Thomas W., 
 Stone, Charles A., 
 Schwartz, John J. W., 
 Startzle, Franklin P., 
 Shaffer, Edward H., 
 Straw, Robert C, 
 Small, Thomas J., 
 Smith, Joseph R., 
 Truitt, jr., George W., 
 Vanvalzah, Robert, 
 Winterbottom, William, 
 Wolf, Jacob C, 
 Wolverton, William J., 
 Wynn, Isaac C, 
 Yeager, Peter. 
 
 Co'mpany D. 
 
 Captain Charles C. Shorldey. 
 
 First Lieutenant Josiah Kellj-. 
 
 Second Lieut. Samuel D. Bates, 
 
 Fii-st Sergeant Samuel W. Murray, 
 
 Sergeant William L. Nesbit, 
 " Jacob Neyhart, 
 " Jacob K, Mertz, 
 " Sylvan us G. Bennett. 
 
 Corporal George W. Cornelius, 
 " Daniel Meyers, 
 " William T. Leinbach, 
 " Daniel Brown, 
 " Thomas Shoemaker, 
 " George B. Miller, 
 " William Myers, 
 " Isaac Wagner. 
 
 Musician Edward McGregor. 
 
 Privates. 
 Brooks, David, 
 Bay, Franklin, 
 Bans, Sanuiel, 
 Balliet, John W., 
 Betzer, John H., 
 Barton, Bright Henry, 
 Crites, William K., 
 Cornelius, Edward, 
 
 Cornelius, Zacheus, 
 Chappel, Zacheus, 
 Collins, Peter, 
 Cowley, William H., 
 Dull, George, 
 Dunkle, Charles C, 
 Donachy, William O., 
 Donahower, Franklin, 
 Eyer, John, 
 Frain, John A., 
 Fornwalt, John H., 
 Goodman, Abraham H., 
 Gussler, Isaiah, 
 Giffin, Samuel M., 
 Heitsman, Henry, 
 Heitsman, Jacob, 
 Herr, James E., 
 Howard, Thomas, 
 Howard, John, 
 Hess, John R., 
 Irwin, John F., 
 Kelley, James W., 
 Loomis, William A., 
 Lokas, William, 
 Lilley, Alfred, 
 Murphy, Howard W., 
 Murty, James, 
 Munson, Salman D., 
 Mowry, Abraham, 
 Meixell, P., 
 Meixell, Ziba, 
 Mench, John, 
 McFadden, Theodore, 
 Pennj^, Hugh H., • 
 Paul, George, 
 Pross, George, 
 Pierce, Amariah H., 
 Reber, Samuel, 
 Rossell, William R., 
 Reber, Edward M., 
 Rearick, Oliver P., 
 Reed, Howard W., 
 Straub, Elisha, 
 Slifer, Alfred, 
 Stuck, Samuel, 
 Slear, Jonathan W., ^ 
 Stitzer, John D., 
 Solomon, Charles E., 
 Winegarden, John A., 
 Wetzel, Conrad, 
 Washeliskei, William H., 
 Washeliskei, George, 
 Williams, Benjamin H., 
 Wagner, Joseph H., 
 Zechman, George W., 
 
 Company F. 
 Captain George W. Forrest, 
 First Lieutenant Andrew H. Dill, 
 Second Lieutenant James Hayes, 
 First Sergeant David B, Nesb'it, 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 593 
 
 Sergeant William Ginter, 
 " Lorenzo D. Brewer, 
 " AdolphusA. Kaufman, 
 " William H. Nesbit. 
 
 CorporalJ. Henry Brown, 
 " John W. Brown, 
 " Richard Dye, 
 " Theodore Taylor, 
 " Joseph M. Housel, 
 " Samuel F. Gvindy, 
 " Thomas Ritner, 
 " Edward H. Richards. 
 
 Musician James Forrest, 
 " Jacob H. Worth. 
 
 Privates. 
 Baldwin, Absalom, 
 Beck, Samuel, 
 Bell, Allen, 
 Bently, Frank, 
 Bower, William D., 
 Brown, William F., 
 Cathcart, Robert M., 
 Derr, George P., 
 Dotts, David H., 
 Dill, M. Reese, 
 
 Dclby, Abraham, 
 Donachy, Tliompson, 
 Hughes, George, 
 Imhoff, William H., 
 Kennedy, William, 
 Long, Jacob, 
 Loudenslager, William, 
 Marsli, Charles, 
 Miller, J. Howard, 
 Muriahy, Joseph, 
 Nesbit, Alvin, 
 Pardee, Samuel I., 
 Paul, Peter G., 
 Poeth, George M., 
 Rank, Lemuel, 
 Reese, John S., 
 Simonton, John W., 
 Smithers, Benjamin F., 
 Smitli, Jacob M., 
 Search, William, 
 Stoughton, Frank, 
 Vincent, Jolm, 
 Walker Edward, 
 Wertz, C. C, 
 Wallace, John D., 
 Zentmeyer, Peter. 
 
 TWO HUNDRED AND SECOND REGIMENT. 
 
 Lieutenant Colonel John A. Maus, 
 Surgeon S. Carson McCormick. 
 
 Company I. 
 Captain Jacob Neyliart, 
 First Lieutenant Jacob H. Brown, 
 Sec. Lieut. George Y. McLaughlin, 
 First Sergeant John B. Ritner, 
 Sergeant William P. Allen, 
 " James P. Gundy, 
 " Samuel S. Rank, 
 " George H. Gressinger. 
 Corporal Enos Zentmeyer, 
 «' Joseph C. Dull, 
 " John W. Brown, 
 " Samuel S. Hess, 
 " George Himmerdinger, 
 " Henry S. Dewey, 
 " John M. Brown, 
 " Zacheus Cornelius. 
 Musician Cameron McGregor. 
 
 Privates. 
 Becher, Amos G., 
 Becher, William, 
 Bently, John, 
 Bogart, Hosea, 
 Bogart, Joseph, 
 Bower, Francis, 
 Brintzehofif, C, W., 
 Brobst, John, 
 
 38 
 
 Brown, William W., 
 Chappel, Sheller, 
 Chappel, Charles, 
 Chappel, Charles W., 
 Cleaver, Jesse, 
 Cornelius, Jesse M., 
 Cornelius, Andrew M., 
 Dennis, Levi, 
 Dickey, Lester P., 
 Difienderfer, D. A., 
 Elce, Jonathan F., 
 Ellis, James S., 
 Engie, Jacob, 
 Engleman, Elias, 
 Eveland, James, 
 Everet, John, 
 Fahnestock, H. M., 
 Fesler, John H., 
 Fetter, Cyrus, 
 Fisher, Jared, 
 Fisher, Jolm H., 
 Fisher, Paul, 
 Flick, Charles W., 
 Gebhart, Henry G., 
 Good, Haram, 
 Gossness, Joseph W., 
 Ginter, William, 
 Gussler, Isaiah, 
 Hann, James R.,. 
 Hann, David, 
 Hawkenberry, J. D., 
 
594 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 \ 
 
 Haynes, John, 
 Heister, Jacob, 
 Hess, Joseph, 
 Hester, Henry, 
 Hooveman, James, 
 Huff, Daniel, 
 Huff, James, 
 Huff, John S,, • 
 Huff; David, 
 Hummel, Benjamin, 
 Hummel, Frederick, 
 Irwin, Henry, 
 Jamison, senior, John, 
 Jamison, Augustus B., 
 Keener, John, 
 Keyser, Jacob, 
 Kint, George W., 
 Kupp, John S., 
 Landaw, William, 
 Leonard, William, 
 Leonard, Benjamin, 
 Long, Peter, 
 Lynn, Charles, 
 Mathias, John A., 
 Miller, Joseph P., 
 Mowrer, Michael S., 
 Nagie, Andrew, 
 Newman, Daniel, 
 Pierce, Amariah H., 
 
 LIST OF SOLDIERS BURIED IN THE SEVERAL CEMETERIES 
 IN UNION COUNTY. 
 
 Platner, Lemuel J., 
 Powers, Edward, 
 Rank, Martin J., 
 Rank, David, 
 Rahrer, John, 
 Reichley, Benjamin F., 
 Reichley, William A., 
 Reitmeyer, George E., 
 Reitmeyer, D. K., 
 Rohrabach, James, 
 Sanders, Hiram, 
 Sanders, Charles, 
 Sanders, Henry W., 
 Sanders, George L., 
 Search, John B., 
 Shannon, James, 
 Shannon, William, 
 Slear, David G., 
 Smith, Jeremiah, 
 Speece, David, 
 Swartz, John, 
 Taylor, Henry O., 
 Trester, Martin, 
 Wagner, Jesse H., 
 Wertz, Henry, 
 Williams, George, 
 Young, Abraham, 
 Young, James A. 
 
 Mifflinburg. — Presbyterian Ceme- 
 tery. 
 Clapham, Thomas H., 
 Rissel, David H. 
 
 Old Grave-yard. 
 Edleman, Elias, 
 Mattis, Henry, 
 Musser, Robei-t, 
 Oberdorf, George, 
 Schreck, Jacob. 
 
 Netv Cemetery. 
 Durst, John H., 
 Forster, Wilson, 
 Montelius, W. P., 
 Orwig, Benjamin M., 
 Reish, Daniel K., 
 Smith, Levi H., 
 Smith, Hiram, 
 Steadman, Dr. H. C. 
 
 White Deer Church Cem,etery. 
 Deibert, John P., Co. E, 142d, 
 Dersham, John S., Co. A, 199th, 
 FoUmer, William, H., Co. E, 142d. 
 
 Buffalo Cross-Roads. 
 Lashells, George W., Co. A, 131st, 
 McGee, Isaac G., Co. E, 51st. 
 
 Union Church Cemetery. 
 Fetter, Jacob, Co. D, 52d, 
 Moyer, John W., 142d, 
 Richard, Edward A., Co. K, 51st. 
 
 Dreisbaeh Church. 
 Bowersox, Henry, 51st, 
 Dunkle, James M., Co. E, 51st, 
 Eachus, John F., 
 Wolfe, William H., Co. E, 142d. 
 
 Lewisburg Cemetery. 
 
 Arey, William R., Orderly Sergt., 
 Co. F, 24th U. S. C. T. Died Feb- 
 ruary 19, 1871. 
 
 Arey, Milton, Co. A, 43d U. S. C. T. 
 Died October 14, 1867. 
 
 Bennett, William A., Hospital Stew- 
 ard, 14th U. S. Infantry. Died 
 November 28, 1869. 
 
 Brooks, John, Co. F, 49th Pa. 
 
 Cameron, James, Col. 79th N. Y. 
 Highlanders. Killed in battle of 
 Bull Run, July 21, 1861. 
 
 Chappel, Zacharv, Co. B, 5th Pa. 
 Res. Cor. Died April 6, 1865. 
 
 Cornelius, Jackson, Co. D, 52d Pa. 
 Died June 5, 1867. 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 595 
 
 Cox, William Franklin, Sergt., Bat. 
 K, 2cl Pa. Heavy Art. Died July 
 9, 1866, from disease contracted 
 while a prisoner at Anderson villa, 
 Georgia. 
 Dewire, Alexander, Co. E, 51st. 
 
 Derr, John H., Co. G, 4th Fa. Vol. 
 Died August 15, 1861, from disease 
 contracted whUe in service. 
 
 Dickey, Lester P., Co. I, 202d Pa. 
 Vol. Died August 29, 1870. 
 
 Dodge, Edward K., Surgeon, U. S. 
 Navy. Promoted Surgeon, De- 
 cember 21, 1869. Died March 29, 
 1871. 
 
 Eccleston, Charles, First Lieutenant, 
 Heavy Artillery. 
 
 Evans, Charles R., Captain, Co. E, 
 142d Pa. Vol. Died September 23, 
 1867. 
 
 Graham, Henry Spyker, Sergeant, 
 Co. F, 2d Pa. Cav. Died August 
 28, 1868. 
 
 Gussler, John A., Co. C, 161st N. T. 
 Vol. Died July 27, 1871. 
 
 Ireland, John W., Co. D, 5th Pa. Res. 
 Cor. Died October IS, 1862. 
 
 Kennedy, William M., Co. E, 208th 
 Pa. Vol. Died at City Point, Va., 
 April 15, 1865, from wounds re- 
 ceived before Petersburg, Virginia, 
 April 2, 1865. 
 
 Knox, John H., Captain, Co. D, 11th 
 Pa. Vol. Died at Jersey Shore, 
 Pa., February 28, 1862. 
 
 Lenhart, Henry, Co. D, 52dPa. Vol. 
 Died November 28, 1864. 
 
 Lenhart, Benjamin, Co. I, 202d. 
 
 McBride, James, Sergeant, Co. D, 
 52d Pa. Vol. Died at Washington, 
 December 1, 1861. 
 
 McFadden, Theodore H., First Lieut. 
 Co. D, 5th Pa. Res. Cor. Wounded 
 in battle of New Market Cross- 
 Roads, Jime 30, 1862. Died Jan- 
 uary 29, 1870. 
 
 McGregor, Charles, Musician, Co. D, 
 51st Pa. Vol. Died March 4, 1866. 
 
 Milsom, John, Sergeant, Co. E., 53d 
 Pa. Vol. Died at Annapolis, Md., 
 December 30, 1864. 
 
 Murphy, Edward H., with construc- 
 tion train, 5th N. Y. Vol. Died 
 February 9, 1870. 
 
 Penny, Charles A., Corporal, Co. 
 D, 52d Pa. Vol. Died at Craney 
 Island, Va., Se]3tember 25, 1862. 
 
 Phillips, William L., Lieutenant, 
 Co. D, 52d Pa. Vol. Died at Cham- 
 bersbm-g, Pa., January 5, 1872. 
 
 Rohrabach, James H., Co. H, 131st. 
 
 Schaffle, Joseph J., Co. H, 90th Pa. 
 Vol. Died at Washington, D. C, 
 January 12, 1863, from a wotmd 
 received in battle of Fredericks- 
 burg, Va., December 13, 1862. 
 
 Schaftie, F. S., Co. E, 51st. 
 
 Stapleton, George, Co. E, 142d Pa. 
 Vol. Died July 26, 1863, from a 
 wound received at Gettysburg 
 July 1, 1863. 
 
 Stoughton, Roland, Captain, Co. D. 
 150th Pa. Vol. Died May 24, 1864. 
 
 Tucker, Andrew G., First Lieut. Co. 
 E, 142d Pa. Vol. Killed in battle 
 at Gettj'sburg, July 1, 1863. 
 
 Van Gezer, George, Co. H, 51st Pa. 
 Vol. Died November 16, 1870. 
 
 Wertz, John H., Co. G, 4th Pa. Vol. 
 Died May 28, 1862. 
 
 Wetzel, Conrad. Died October 20, 
 1866, from disease contracted while 
 in service. 
 
 Wilkes, Noall, Co. D, 5th Pa. Res. 
 Cor. Died September 7, 1861. 
 
 Young, Peter, Co. I, 192d Pa. Vol. 
 Died January 6, 1869. 
 
 Zimmerman, William, Co. E, 51st 
 Pa. Vol. Died August 3, 1866. 
 
 Buried at Various Places. 
 
 Ammon, Levi H., Corporal, Co. E, 
 51st Pa. Vol. Killed in Wilder- 
 ness battle, May 6, 1864. 
 
 Arey, Barton, Co. A, 43d U. S. C. T. 
 Wounded before Petersburg, Va., 
 and taken to hospital at David's 
 Island, where he died and was 
 buried. 
 
 Baldwin, Absalom, Co. K, 51st Pa. 
 Vol. Captured and died at Ander- 
 sonville, Ga., September 24, 1864. 
 
 Beaver, J. Gilbert, First Lieut., Co. 
 H, 51st Pa. Vol. Buried at Mil- 
 ler stowu, Pa. 
 
 Dentler, Henry G., Corporal, Co. K, 
 51st Pa. Vol. Captured and died 
 at AndersonviUe, Ga., May 17, 
 1864— grave 1,161. 
 
 Donachy, William, Corporal, Co. D, 
 150th Fa. Vol. Killed in battle at 
 Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864. 
 
 Dull, George N., Co. K, 51st Pa. Vol. 
 Died from disease, at Alexandria, 
 Va., September 19, 1864. Buried 
 there— grave 2,683. 
 
 Evans, Edwin A., Captain, Battery 
 D, 3d Pa. Heavy Art. Died, in 
 Philadelphia, April 30, 1872. Bu- 
 ried at New Britain, Bucks Co., 
 Pa. 
 
59(> 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Ficlithorn, James, Sergeant, Co. D, 
 5th Pa. Res. Cor. Mvistered June 
 5, 1861. Died between the 11th 
 and Kith of Febrviary, 1865, at 
 Salisbuiy, North Carolina. 
 
 Gallagher, Henry, Musician, Co. D, 
 52d Pa. Vol. Died at White 
 House, Va., June 15, 1862. 
 
 Gibson, James, Sergeant, Co.K, 51st. 
 Killed in front of Petersburg, Va., 
 July 30, 1864. 
 
 Green, William Cameron, private, 
 Co. D, Fifth Pa. Res. Cor. Pro- 
 moted Second Lieutenant in First 
 United States Infantry, Sei^tem- 
 ber 27, 1861. Afterward promoted 
 to Captain in First United States 
 Infantry. Died on board ship, Oc- 
 tober 3, 1867. 
 
 Grier, Thomas G., Co. H, 51st Pa. 
 Vol. Died with yellow fever, at 
 Morehead City, N. C, October 6, 
 1864. Buried there, 
 
 Kelly, James A., Co. H, 51st Pa. 
 Vol. Died at Roanoke Island, N. 
 C, March 27, 1862. 
 
 Ludwig, Jared R., Co. K, 51st Pa. 
 Vol. Absent at muster out ; sujd- 
 posed to have been killed in bat- 
 tle or captured and died while a 
 prisoner. 
 
 McFadden, Edward A., Co. D, 150th 
 Pa. Vol. Killed at Gettysburg, 
 Pa., July 1, 1863. 
 
 Mensch, Jolm, Co. F, 49th Pa. Vol. 
 Killed at Spottsylvania Court- 
 House, Va., May 10, 1864. 
 
 Miller, Samuel E., Co. I, 1st Pa. 
 Killed in battle at Fredericks- 
 burg, Va., December 13, 1862. 
 
 Musser, .John D., Lieutenant Col- 
 onel. Mustered as Major of 143d 
 Pa. Vol., October 18, 1862. Pro- 
 moted to Lieutenant Colonel June 
 2, 1863. Killed in battle of Wild- 
 erness, May 6, 1864. Buried at 
 Muncy, Pa. 
 
 Piper, William, Co. H, 56th Pa. Vol. 
 Killed in battle of Si)ottsylvania, 
 Va., May — , 1864. 
 
 Potter, Thomas, Corporal, Battery 
 xV, 1st Pa. Art. Killed in battle at 
 Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. 
 
 Reed, Daniel M., Corporal, Co. G, 
 50th Pa. Vol. Killed at Chantilly, 
 Va., September 1, 1862. 
 
 Schaffle, Charles D., Captain, Co. 
 D, 5th Pa., Res. Cor. Wounded 
 and taken prisoner in battle of 
 Fredericksburg, Va., December 
 13, 1862, and died in Richmond, 
 Va., January 31, 1863. 
 
 Sedam, John, Co. D, 150th Pa. Vol. 
 Taken prisoner, and died at Rich- 
 mond, Va., January 2, 1864. 
 
 Smaltzried, Gotlieb, Corporal, Co. 
 D, 52d Pa. Died at Morris Island, 
 S. C, September 6, 1863. 
 
 Sterner, Frank B., Captain, Co. K, 
 51st. Killed at Spottsylvania 
 Court-House, Va., May 12, 1864. 
 
 Weidensaul, Elias 13., Second Lieu- 
 tenant, Co. D, 150th Pa. Vol. 
 Killed in battle of Gettysburg, 
 Pa., July 1, 1863. 
 
 Wertz, Harrison, Co. D. 5th Pa. Res. 
 Cor. KUled in battle of Freder- 
 icksburg, Va., December 13, 1862. 
 
 Wilson, Robert M., Died August 19, 
 1867. Buried at Norfolk, Va. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Abolition lecture, 527 
 
 Aborigines of the Valley, 6 
 
 Academy, Lewisburg, 546 
 
 " building of University, ground broken for, . . 548 
 
 Accidents, 439,492,496,512,514,525,526 
 
 Adams, Reverend John Dietrich, ■•.... 369 
 
 Agricultural, Union, association formed, 501 
 
 fairs, 501,555 
 
 " society, Union county, 528,554 
 
 " " " " awards of committees, 528 
 
 Albright, Honorable Andrew, sketch of, 457 
 
 Allen family inurdered, 188 
 
 Allison, Archibald, narrative of, 173 
 
 Allummapees, King of the Delawares, 20 
 
 Anti-Mason ticket formed, 501 
 
 Anthony, Joseph B., holds court at Sunbury, 543 
 
 Armstrong, Colonel John, surveys of, , . 9,19 
 
 Associators, list of companies of, 90 
 
 " officers chosen, 90,119 
 
 " brigadier general elected, 99 
 
 Associate Reforiued Church, 448 
 
 Attorneys admitted, 42 , 
 
 44,89,151,235,241,418,495,501,513,524,534,540,542,546 
 
 '' list of 494 
 
 Aui-and, Reverend John Dietrich, 152,199,284 
 
 Aurand's hotel burned, 533 
 
 Ayers killed, .• 157 
 
 Bacon, Elijah, visits Valley, 400,495 
 
 Bald Eagle creek declared a highway, 36 
 
 Banks, act regulating, passed, 417 
 
 " suspended, 442,534 
 
 " card of directors of Northumberland, 534 
 
 Baptist settlers, 283 
 
 Bar, peculiarities of the 481 
 
 Barber, Robert, builds at White Spring, 48,269 
 
 Barnes, Reverend W. H. H., 544 
 
 Barton, Kimber, 325 
 
 Bashor, John Michael, killed, 157 
 
 Baskins, Honorable John, resigns and removes, . . . . ' 540 
 
 Battalion drill at Lewisburg, 550 
 
 Baum, Samuel R., appointed postmaster, 552 
 
 Bear's mills erected, 232 
 
 Beaver run, 7 
 
 " township, residents of, 258,270,284,319 
 
 597 
 
598 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Bellas, Esquire, Hugh, 365 
 
 Berlin iron-works, first metal made at, 545 
 
 " " " blown out, 549 
 
 Bickle, Henry, killed, 201 
 
 Billman, Dewalt, notice of, 450 
 
 Billmyer, Andrew, tavern of, 243,252 
 
 Bingaman, Frederick, death of, 545 
 
 Black Ann, whipped, 194 
 
 Blythe, William, notice of, 25 
 
 Boatman, Mrs. Claudius, killed, 211 
 
 Boat-vard removed to Lewisburg, 551 
 
 Boone, Captain Hawkins, 52,107,123,166,178 
 
 Boude family, notice of, 258 
 
 Bower, George, notice of, 450 
 
 Boy killed near Gundy's mill, 213 
 
 Boyd family, notice of, 143 
 
 Boyer, Jacob K., convicted, 497 
 
 Brady, Captain John, 98,143,165,166 
 
 " " " killed, 168,220,225 
 
 " James, killed, 164,225 
 
 " Mrs. Mary, death of, 219 
 
 " family reminiscences of, 219 
 
 " Captain Samuel, 81,143,219 
 
 "■ " " kills Bald Eagle, 175 
 
 " " " adventuresof, 227 
 
 " " " death of, 280 
 
 " General Hugh, 219 
 
 " John, (sheriff,) 226 
 
 " Lieutenant Samuel, at Chippewa, 419 
 
 " " " letter to Captain Vincent, 419 
 
 Brandy wine, battle of, 143 
 
 Bridge, Northumberland built, 406,438 
 
 " " carried away, 546 
 
 " Lewisburg chartered, 417 
 
 " " supplement to charter, 433 
 
 " " built, 438 
 
 " Limestone' run, carried away, 437 
 
 " HarrisbuTg, . 438 
 
 " " portion of, carried away, 546 
 
 " at mouth of Buffalo creek built, 378 
 
 " " " " " " carried away, 548 
 
 " new " " " " 552 
 
 " Milton, injm-ed by flood, 546 
 
 " at Duncan's Island, carried away, 546 
 
 Brinton, Joseph, notice of, 449 
 
 Brobst, Jacob, 435 
 
 Bockenor, Isaac, accident to, 496 
 
 Brodhead'sregiment, Eighth Pennsylvania, two soldiers of, killed, . . 163 
 
 Brown, Jonathan, 449 
 
 " Eleanor, 246 
 
 " Matthew, death of, . 142 
 
 " Michael, recollections of the people of the Valley, 341 
 
 Buchanan, Honorable James, speaks at Milton, 544 
 
 Buffalo creek, 7 
 
 " " bridge built at mouth of, ■ . . 378 
 
 Buffalo township erected, 42 
 
 " " attempt to divide, 151 
 
 67 ,148 ,181 ,194 ,'214 ,'236 ,'242 ,'244 ,'252 ,'258 ,'263 ,269 
 
 Buffalo Cross-Roads church, 51,60,270,433,524 
 
 " " " first hotel at, 318 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. sgg 
 
 Buffalo, East and West, townships erected, 274 
 
 " East, residents of, 278, 
 
 283,294,317,323,326,332,337,340,353,355,370,379,386 
 
 Buffalo, West, improvements, &g., 279 
 
 " " stills in, 280 
 
 " " residents of, 280, 
 
 282 , 294 , 301 , 317 , 333 , 337 , 340 , 354 , 355 , 370 , 379 , 387 
 
 Caderman, Jacob and Conrad, captured, 199 
 
 California gold fever reaches Valley, 549 
 
 " emigration to, 549 
 
 Canal meeting 491 
 
 " located, 495 
 
 " let, 496 
 
 " Lewisburg cross-cut, 496,508 
 
 " " " " first boats through, 512 
 
 " rates of freight on, 503 
 
 Camp Potter organized, 544 
 
 Camp-meeting, first Methodist, 354 
 
 " '< 544 
 
 Campbell, Captain, killed, 19£ 
 
 " Daniel, notice of, 28] 
 
 " . McDonald, notice of, 45( 
 
 " John, " " 450 
 
 Campleton, Captain Thomas, (Kemplin,) 165,174,17^' 
 
 " killed, 19f 
 
 earner, Anthony, notice of, 45(i 
 
 Celebration, Fourth of July, 488,504,505,524,54- 
 
 " " " toasts at, 52( 
 
 " " " partisan toasts at, 52-; 
 
 " " " accidents at, 52( 
 
 Cemetery at Lewisburg, 54i' 
 
 Census 1820, 44!- 
 
 " 1830, 50: 
 
 " 1840, 53' 
 
 " 1850, 55; 
 
 " 1860, 55' 
 
 " 1870, 55'- 
 
 Chamberlin, Colonel William, notice of, 44 
 
 Chambers, James, killed, 18 
 
 Chapman, Seth, acquitted, 48 
 
 Chappel Hollow, alias Haverly's Gap, 7 
 
 Chestnut Ridge, post office established at, 55 : 
 
 Chilloway, Job, 14 
 
 Chippewa, battle of, 41- 
 
 Churches, notices of, 93,253,44- 
 
 Church, Buffalo Cross-Roads Presbyterian, 51,60,231,250,27' 
 
 " " " " new built 43, 
 
 " " " " last sermon in 54' 
 
 " Methodist, organized at Lewisburg, 40 ' 
 
 " " new, at Lewisburg consecrated, 51 
 
 " First Pastor German Reformed, 25 
 
 " Baptist, effort to establish, 28' 
 
 " Dreisbach, condition of, 32, 
 
 " St. Peter's, in Kelly, buUt, 333,43. 
 
 " Ray's, built, 33- 
 
 " first Baptist, organized, 37' 
 
 " " ■" pastors of, 37- 
 
 " Baptist, at Lewisburg, 543,54 
 
 " " " first sermon in new, 5A- 
 
 " Emanuel's, at New Berlin, dedicated, 48'. 
 
 " Associate Reformed, of Mifflinburg, organized 44 S 
 
6oo ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Church, Methodist, at New Berlin, dedicated, 437 
 
 " Christian Cliapel at Lewisbiirg built, 441,555 
 
 " " " " opened, 460 
 
 " Bethel, organized, 504 
 
 " Presbyterian, at Lewisburg, built, 505 
 
 " " " first sermon in, 511 
 
 " Laurelton, organized, 506 
 
 " Union, German Reformed and Lutheran, subscription for 
 
 starting, 512 
 
 " Union, German Reformed and Lutheran, dedicated, .... 524 
 
 " Laurel run, dedicated, 540 
 
 " German Reformed, Pastor of, installed, 540 
 
 " Lutheran, at Selinsgrove, 543 
 
 " " and Reformed, in Buffalo townshif), dedicated, . . 534 
 
 " Presbyterian, at New Berlin, 538,543 
 
 " German Reformed, in Lewisburg, corner stone of, laid, . . . 547 
 
 " " " " dedicated, 548 
 
 * " " " pastor of, 551 
 
 • ..t.k. Esquire, John, visits Lewisburg, 512' 
 
 ■ .i'k, George, surveyor, 122 
 
 ' ' -k, Walter, (fee, rnoves to Valley, 39- 
 
 ;-ke, Captain John, roll of his company, 121 
 
 /, Henry, card of, in National Intelligencer, 472 
 
 nens, Peter, 450 
 
 igan, William, notice of, 457 
 
 1, bituminous, received, and price of, 514 
 
 hran, James, letter to Robert Irwin, 351 
 
 3, Colonel Philip, 51 
 
 d Friday, 526 
 
 < ainbia Gazette, 416 
 
 umbia guards en route to Mexico, flag presentation and return, . 547 
 
 aiet visible, 898,455,479 
 
 iomittee of Safety, minutes of, 99,127 
 
 ' nmittee men, lists of, 99,110,131 
 
 idition of the Valley, 153 
 
 " " " courtbusiness, 165 
 
 iference, Albright and United Brethren 413 
 
 ' inecticut claim, 45,53,87 
 
 "istitution of 1776, synopsis of 94 
 
 . " United States, ratified, 251 
 
 " 1790 adopted, 266 
 
 ■itributions for relief of distressed in Ireland and Scotland, .... 547 
 
 ' itroversy, railroad, . , ; 553 
 
 ivention. Carpenter's Hall, 56 
 
 1775, 65 
 
 1776, 93 
 
 " of associators, 99 
 
 " constitutional, delegates to, 94,266,527 
 
 " 1834, delegates to, 519 
 
 " Anti-Masonic, '. . 519 
 
 " Democratic, 521,540 
 
 " temperance, at Lewisburg, 589 
 
 " Whig, 540 
 
 " railroad, at Baltimore, 553 
 
 * ok, John, notice of, 451 
 
 t oke. Colonel William, roster of regiment, 124,243 
 
 ' 'Oi^er, Honorable Thomas, 324,435 
 
 -. '• )rnelius, Jesse, accident to, ; 512 
 
 irruption story, Adams and Clay, 478 
 
 ' »ryell, George, 451 
 
 >unterfeiters convicted, 497 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 6oi 
 
 County lines, 448,505 
 
 " seat, 
 
 " division of, agitated, 
 
 " Union, erected, 
 
 " seat, vote for and against, 
 
 " division of, vote for and against, 
 
 Couples, David, Idlled, 
 
 Court crier appointed, 
 
 " business condition of, 
 
 " to be held at New Berlin, 
 
 " first cii-cuit, at New Berlin, 
 
 " "in Northumberland countj^, 
 
 *' " suits in, 
 
 " " at Mifflinburg, 
 
 " Supreme, middle district of, created, 
 
 <' " ^jersoiJiic? of justices of, 
 
 " " justices opinion of Jose i^h Ritner, 
 
 Covenhoven, Robert, describes the Great Buna-way, 
 
 " " " also that of 1779, 
 
 Crawford county sj-stem introduced, 
 
 Creeks, early names of 
 
 Crooked Billet, Abraham Smith's story, 
 
 Crotzerville post office established, 
 
 Crotzer, Henry W., api^ointed postmaster, 
 
 Dam built on Penn"s creek, 
 
 " at Selin and Snyder's mill, 
 
 Dancing partj^ at New Berlin, • ... 
 
 Daguerreotypes first in the Valley, 
 
 Day's Collections quoted, 143. 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Adams, James, 354 
 
 Albright, Jacob, 400 
 
 Albright, Andrew, 457 
 
 Allen, Samuel, 179 
 
 Allison, Archibald, 174 
 
 Alsbaugh, Margaret, .... 344 
 
 Antes, Colonel Frederick, . . 330 
 
 Aurand, Jacob, 256 
 
 Aurand, John, 367 
 
 Aurand, junior, John, . . . . 374 
 
 Baldv, Susanna, 374 
 
 BakeV, Wendell, 428 
 
 Baker, John, ' 456 
 
 Barber Samuel, 276 
 
 Barber, Thomas, 188 
 
 Barber, Sarah, 442 
 
 Barn hart, George, 281 
 
 Barnhart, Mathias, 293 
 
 Baslior, John Micliael, . . . 156 
 
 Beattv, Alexander, 243 
 
 Bickel, Henry, 201 
 
 Bingaman, Frederick, .... 545 
 
 Bishop, John 417 
 
 Black, John, ' 266 
 
 Boal, John, 443 
 
 Bockener, Isaac, 496 
 
 Bolender, Henry, 296 
 
 Bower, Casper, . 293 
 
 Bowser, Peter, 436 
 
 Boone, Captain, 177 
 
 Boveard, James, 374 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Brady, James, 
 
 Brady, Captain John, .... 
 
 Brady, John, 
 
 Brown, Mathew, 
 
 Brown, Eleanor, 
 
 Brunner, Jacob, 
 
 Bull, Mrs. Mary, 
 
 Burns, Peter, 
 
 Buttorf, Michael, 
 
 Buyers, Captain WUliam F., 
 
 Cameron, Charles, 
 
 Campbell, Michael, 
 
 Cami3bell, Daniel, 
 
 Chambers, James, 
 
 Chambers, Mary, 
 
 Chamberlin, Colonel William, 
 
 Christ, Adam, 
 
 Clark, Robert, 
 
 Clark, William, 
 
 Clarke, Florence, 
 
 Clarke, Colonel John, . . . 
 
 Clemens, Elizabeth, 
 
 Clingan, William, ..... 
 
 Collins, Paul, 
 
 Cornelius, Jesse, 
 
 Cooke, Colonel William, . . 
 
 Cook, John, 
 
 Couples, David, 
 
 Cramer, George, 
 
 Dale, Honorable Samuel, . . 
 Darraugh, Widow, 
 
 ,511 
 18 
 405 
 412 
 556 
 556 
 184 
 448 
 165 
 429 
 492 
 42 
 44 
 418 
 356 
 498 
 498 
 156 
 176 
 554 
 7 
 152 
 552 
 555 
 275 
 275 
 463 
 546 
 193 
 
 164 
 169 
 374 
 142 
 142 
 345 
 400 
 267 
 345 
 456 
 428 
 1.54 
 281 
 185 
 311 
 440 
 374 
 313 
 416 
 368 
 385 
 450 
 457 
 428 
 512 
 344 
 452 
 184 
 400 
 344 
 512 
 
602 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Daiigherty, Captain, .... 177 
 
 Deal, Heniy, 417 
 
 Denii^sey, Cornelius, .... 244 
 
 Derr, Catherine, 243 
 
 Derr, John, 547 
 
 Douglass, William, 401 
 
 Dow, Lorenzo, 314 
 
 Dreisbach, Anna Eve, . . . 260 
 
 Dreisbach, Martin, 320 
 
 Dreisbach, Jacob, 345 
 
 Dreisbach, Catherine, .... 430 
 
 Dunkle, Catherine, 353 
 
 Dunkle, Killian, 436 
 
 Dunning, Samuel, 374 
 
 Earne, Elizabeth, 374 
 
 Egbert, Nicholas, 417 
 
 Ellenkhusen, Mathias Joseph, 277 
 
 Emerick, David, 201 
 
 Etzweiler, George, ..... 185 
 
 Evans, Nathan, 391 
 
 Evans, Joseph, 400 
 
 Evans, Evan Rice, 400 
 
 Evans, Joseph, (Lewisburg,) 514 
 
 Ewing, Jasper, 326 
 
 Eyer, Catherine, 353 
 
 Ferguson, James, 281 
 
 Fisher John, 293 
 
 Fleming, James, 277 
 
 Follmer, Thomas, 546 
 
 Follmer, Henry, 546 
 
 Forster, junior, John, .... 239 
 
 Forster, Thomas, 344 
 
 Forster, Thomas, 390 
 
 Forster, Captain John, . . . 243 
 
 Foster, John, 234 
 
 Fought, Jonas, 267 
 
 Foutz, Mrs. Conrad, 494 
 
 Fox, Andrew, 293 
 
 Franklin, Daniel, 368 
 
 Frantz, Lewis, 368 
 
 - Frederick, George, 335 
 
 Frederick, Jabel, (should be 
 
 Jacob,) 353 
 
 Freedly, John, 430 
 
 Freeland, Elias, 176 
 
 Freeland, j unior, Jacob, . . . 176 
 
 Freeland, "senior, Jacob, . . . 176 
 
 Frick, General Henry, . . . 543 
 
 Fries, Rev. Just Henry, . . . 634 
 
 Gabriel, George, 37 
 
 Geary, John, 514 
 
 Gebhart, Philip, 436 
 
 Getz, Peter, 890 
 
 Gift, Jacob, 170 
 
 Gray, Lieut. Colonel Neigal, 244 
 
 Gray, Captain William, . . . 431 
 
 Gray, Sallie, and son, .... 527 
 
 Graybill, John, 354 
 
 Green, Margaret, 256 
 
 Green, Joseph, 335 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Green, Marv, 354 
 
 Greenlee, William, 231 
 
 Grier, Reverend Isaac, . . . 428 
 
 Grogan, Charles, 267 
 
 Groninger, Leonard, .... 256 
 
 Gundy, William, 546 
 
 Harris, Honorable William L., 546 
 
 Hammond, General R. H., . 548 
 
 Haney, Christopher, .... 266 
 
 Hayes, John, 544 
 
 Hayesj Mrs., 513 
 
 Haves, William, 540 
 
 Herrold, , 170 
 
 Hetrick, Christian 208 
 
 Himmelreich, Mary, .... 457 
 
 Himrod, Simon, 235 
 
 Hoge, Reverend John, . . . 368 
 
 Holstein, George, 400 
 
 Hood, Reverend, 549 
 
 Hood, Mrs. Mary, 549 
 
 Hoover, John, 436 
 
 Housel, Martin, 353 
 
 Housel, Captain William, . . 551 
 
 Hiidson, George, 276 
 
 Hunter, Colonel Samuel, . . 234 
 
 Hunter, Alexander, 390 
 
 Huston, Matthew, 385 
 
 Hutchinson, Mary, 385 
 
 Iddings, Eve, 345 
 
 Iddings, Henry, 443 
 
 Irvine, William, 297 
 
 Irwin, Esquire, William, . . 416 
 
 Jenkins, James, 244 , 
 
 Jenkins, James, 339- 
 
 Jenkins, Phoebe, 335 
 
 Jodon, Peter, 353 
 
 Jones, Thomas, 512 
 
 .lordon, William, 335 
 
 Katherman, David, 368, -^ 
 
 Keene, Lawrence, 260 
 
 Kelchner, Jonas, 539 
 
 Kelly, Mrs. Sarah, 504 
 
 Kelly, Colonel John, .... 506 
 
 Kempling, Captain Thomas, 198 
 
 Kerstetter, Sebastian, .... 251 
 
 Kester, George, 297 
 
 Klinesmith, Baltzer, .... 189 
 
 Kremer, Honorable George, . 555 
 
 Laird, Matthew, 256 
 
 Langs, George, (suicide,) . . 386 
 
 Lashells, Esquire, John, . . 547 
 
 Lathy, William Kent, .... 384 
 
 Laughlin, Samuel, 185 
 
 Laughlin, Esther, 345 
 
 Laughlin, Adam, 428 
 
 Lee, John, and wife, .... 210 
 
 Lepley, Michael, 170 
 
 Lewis, Paschal, 454 
 
 Linn, John, 384 
 
 Lotz, Ulrich, 266 '- 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 603 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Lowdon, Captain John, . . . 314 
 
 Lukens, John, Surveyor Gen., 262 
 
 McBeth, Mrs. Annie, .... 374 
 
 McCandlish, senior, William, 231 
 
 McClellan, James, 550 
 
 McClenaclian, James, .... 235 
 
 McClenachan, David, .... 261 
 
 McClure, Mrs. Jean, .... 330 
 
 McClure, Roan, 512 
 
 McClung, John, 251 
 
 McCracken, Henry, 193 
 
 McCorley, Robert, 281 
 
 McCorley, James, 374 
 
 McGrady, Alexander, .... 276 
 
 McGtiire, Thomas, 62 
 
 McKee, Thomas, 50 
 
 McKim, WUliam, 368 
 
 McKim, Robert, 368 
 
 McKnight, , 170 
 
 McLaughlin, Samuel, .... 185 
 
 McLaughlin, William, . . . 179 
 
 McLaughlin, Hugh, 431 
 
 Maclay, Esquire, William, . 344 
 
 Macpherson, Honorable, John 493 
 
 Madden, Neal, 374 
 
 Marshall, James, 440 
 
 Martin, Aaron, 179 
 
 Martin, George, 352 
 
 Merrill, James, 538 
 
 Metzgar, Daniel, 374 
 
 MUler, Theobald, 296 
 
 Miller, Christian, 314 
 
 Moore, John, 514 
 
 Morrison, Reverend Hugh, . 344 
 
 Morton, Japhet, 431 
 
 Motz, George, 353 
 
 Mumma, John, 491 
 
 Murphy, John, 314 
 
 Myers, Henry, 390 
 
 Myers, David, 511 
 
 Nevius, Christian, 431 
 
 Newcomer, Bishop, 489 
 
 Overmeier, Captain George, . 353 
 
 Patterson, W. A., 555 
 
 Peters, Henry, 309 
 
 Piatt, Abraham, 310 
 
 Polhemus, Albert and wife, . 157 
 
 Pollock, Charles, 296 
 
 Pollock, John, 354 
 
 Pontius, Henry, 458 
 
 Potter, Major General James, 261 
 
 Priestly, Doctor Joseph, . . . 343 
 
 Ranck, senior, John, .... 256 
 
 Ranck, Adam, 385 
 
 Ray, George, 335 
 
 Rearick, John, 256 
 
 Reasoner, Davy, 408 
 
 Reasoner, James, 526 
 
 Reedy, Conrad, 385 
 
 Kees, Abel, 277 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Rees, Daniel, 344 
 
 Rees, Daniel, 436 
 
 Richard, Henry, 354 
 
 Riddle, George, 310 
 
 Rodman, William, 209 
 
 Rorabaugh, Pliilip, 453 
 
 Rote, George, 311 
 
 Rotten, Joseph, 62 
 
 Row, George, 193 
 
 Sample, John and wife, . . . 170 
 
 Sargent, Charles, 514 
 
 Sargent, James, 501 
 
 Seebold, Christopher, .... 417 
 
 Selin, Captain Anthony, . . 276 
 
 Shedacre Jacob, 163 
 
 Shewel, Adam, 353 
 
 Shipton, Thomas, 493 
 
 Sierer, John, 416- 
 
 Simpson, John, 345 
 
 Smiley, Reverend Thomas, . 511 
 
 Smith, Peter, 50 
 
 Smith, John, 213 
 
 Smith, Adam, 261 
 
 Smith, Nicholas, 281 
 
 Smith, George, 293 
 
 Smith, Colonel Matthew, . . 293 
 
 Smith, Anna M., 297 
 
 Smith, Michael, 354 
 
 Smith, Esqviire, Daniel, . . . 390 
 
 Smith, Albright, 390 
 
 Smith, Enoch, 439 
 
 Snyder, John, 251 
 
 Soult, David, 470 
 
 Specht, Adam_, 470 
 
 Spyker, Esquire, Henry, . . 439 
 
 Stanford, Jacob, 153 
 
 Steele, William, 354 
 
 Storms, David, 208 
 
 Strawbridge, Hon. Thomas, . 417 
 
 Struble, Peter, 549 
 
 Struble, Adam, 428 
 
 Sutherland, Thomas, .... 436 
 
 Swartz, Peter, 345 
 
 Swesey, Daniel, 453 
 
 Swineford, John, 352 
 
 Swineford, John, 386 
 
 Swineford, Jacob, 488 
 
 Taggert, Tliomas, 293 
 
 Tate, Edward, 293 
 
 Taveler, Joseph, 310 
 
 Templeton, Samuel, .... 490 
 
 Thompson, Captain James, . 198 
 
 Thompson, John, 330 
 
 Thompson, William, .... 368 
 
 Thom, James, ........ 251 
 
 Thom, James, 277 
 
 Thornburg, John, 296 
 
 Trinkle, Mathias, 231 
 
 Troxell, George, 266 
 
 Turner, John, 428 
 
6o^f. 
 
 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Ultz, Joseph, 374 
 
 Van Doreii, Thomas, .... 163 
 
 Vandyke, Henry, 234 
 
 Vandyke, Lambert, 293 
 
 Vanvalzali, Doctor Robert, . 551 
 
 Vanvolsen, Levi, child of, . . 281 
 
 Vincent, Isaac, 17(5 
 
 Wales, John, 314 
 
 Wales, Mrs. Mary, 491 
 
 Walker, John, 211 
 
 Wallis, Joseph J., 390 
 
 Walter, John, 417 
 
 Watson, Patrick, 188 
 
 Watson, David, 417 
 
 Weeks, Joseph, 179 
 
 Weirick, John, 390 
 
 Weirick, Mrs. Elizabeth, . . 435 
 
 Weiser, Christopher, .... 442 
 
 Weitzell, Esquire, Casper, . . 213 
 
 Deaths — 
 
 Wertz, Deitrick, 345 
 
 Weyland, Michael, 40 
 
 Wierbach, John, 267 
 
 Wilson, John, 48 
 
 Wilson, Thomas, 320 
 
 Wilson, Hugh, (of Buffalo,) . 545 
 
 Wilson, Elizabeth, 4.30 
 
 Wilson, Honorable Hugh, . . 545 
 
 Wilson, William, 470 
 
 Wilson, Thomas, (Kelly,) . . 504 
 
 Wilt, George, 3(i7 
 
 ^ Wolfe, Jacob, 428 
 
 ' Yost, Casper, 209 
 
 Young, Matthfew, 251 
 
 Young, Adam, 367 
 
 Young, .James, ....... 481 
 
 Young, John, 527 
 
 Youngman, Elias, 457 
 
 Yutten, Jacob, 461 
 
 Debate at Lewisburg, 492,523 
 
 Debating societies, 491 
 
 Deed, cojiy of Hawkins Boone's, 52 
 
 De Haven, Peter, letter of, 155 
 
 Depreciation, examples of, 175,184 
 
 Derr, Ludwig, 33,48 
 
 " " mill, meeting at, 56 
 
 " " trading house, incident at, 96 
 
 " " mention of, 237 
 
 Derr, Christian, notice of, 452 
 
 Derr, John, death of, 547 
 
 Derrickson, Mrs. Mary, account of capture of Fort Freeland, .... 176 
 
 Dieffenbach, Reverend Jacob, 369 
 
 Disbury, Joseph, 231 
 
 Dixon, Sankey, 243 
 
 Dog run, 7,32 
 
 Domestic incidents, 392,463 
 
 Donnel, Charles G., 543 
 
 Doudle, Daniel, 387 
 
 Dougherty, Peter, 246 
 
 Dreisbach's church, 39,253 
 
 Dreisbach, Martin, 320 
 
 Drouth, severe, 488 
 
 Dry Valley, post ofRce established at, 552 
 
 Dubbendorff, Reverend Samuel, 185 
 
 Duel, Binns-Stewart, 347 
 
 Duffield, George, D. D., quoted, ■. . 226 
 
 Duncan, Esquire, Thomas, 364 
 
 Eakers, Doctor Josej)h, 26 
 
 Eclipses, 514 
 
 Egbert, John, stable burned, 533 
 
 Ejectment cases, 33,35,52,54,74,195,203,313 
 
 Election, certificate of first, 96 
 
 " contested, 148,216,239 
 
 *' return of, 1783, 215 
 
 returns, 288,334,373,437,448,457,460,463,522 
 
 " first, under new constitution, 266 
 
 " districts, 310,312,456,526 
 
 " of militia officers, 539,540 
 
 " presidential, 496 
 
 Electors, choice of first presidential, 257 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. , 605 
 
 Ellenkhusen, Mathias Joseph, 277 
 
 Ely, Reverend Doctor Ezra Styles, 506 
 
 Emerick family captured, 201 
 
 Emigration, sources of, • 13 
 
 " to the West, 527 
 
 Encampments, 480,539,544,550 
 
 Etzweiler, Greorge, killed, 185 
 
 Evans, Evan Rice, 323 
 
 " Captain Frederick, at Fort McHenry, 420 
 
 " " " letters to George Kremer, 405,462 
 
 Ewing, Jasper, death of, 326 
 
 Ewig, Cliristian, notice of, 452 
 
 Factories, woolen, 538 
 
 Famine in Ireland and Scotland, 547 
 
 Farley, John, quoted, 247 
 
 Ferry at Sunbury, 44 
 
 " landing dispute, 313 
 
 " at Lewisburg, 274 
 
 Fires, . 166,335,493,495,525,533,539,543,545,550,555 
 
 Fire storm, 512 
 
 Fisher's, Paul, statement, 157 
 
 Fisher, John, 157 
 
 Fisher's, Samuel, mill burned, 166 
 
 Fisher, Esquire, G-eorge, 364 
 
 Flag captured at Monmouth, 166 
 
 Floods, great, 232,488,513,546,548,552 
 
 Follmer, Thomas, drowned, 546 
 
 " Henry, drowned, 546 
 
 Forest iron-works, began building, 545 
 
 " " " in hands of sheriff, 649 
 
 " " " sold, 550 
 
 Forest Hill, post-office established at, 551 
 
 " " postmaster at, 551 
 
 Forster, John, incident related by, 179 
 
 " death of, 239 
 
 " " killed, , .... 187 
 
 " Lieutenant Thomas, 122 
 
 " Captain John, appointed postmaster, 555 
 
 Fort Augvista built, 13 
 
 " Freeland captured, 175 
 
 " Swartz, 193 
 
 " McHenry, bombardment of, 420 
 
 " " " Captain Frederick Evans at, 420 
 
 ■Fought's, Jacob, mill, 34,38 
 
 Fought's, Mrs. Micliael, narrative, 159 
 
 Fought and Trinkle murders, 206 
 
 Foutz, Mrs. Conrad, 494 
 
 Freeburg, residents of, 331 
 
 Freeman, definition of, 67 
 
 Frederick, Thomas, 340 
 
 French Jacob's, mill attack on, 185 
 
 " " " locality of, 186 
 
 Frick & Slifer's boat-yard removed to Lewisburg, 551 
 
 Frick, Slifer & Co's steam saw-mill burned, 555 
 
 Frost, severe, 513 
 
 Frick, General Henry, death of, 543 
 
 Pries, Reverend, 398,410,442 
 
 " " obituary of, 534 
 
 Furnace built, 555 
 
 Gabriel, George, 9,17,37 
 
 Gal braith, Bertram, letter of, 156 
 
6o6 . ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Gazette, Sunbury, Northumberland, publication of, commenced, . . 269 
 
 Gazette, Columbia, i^ublication of, commenced, 416 
 
 Gcisweit, Reverend George, 285 
 
 German regiment at Sunbury, 179 
 
 German Reformed cliurches, 252 
 
 " " *' first pastor of, 259 
 
 Gift, Aaron K., account of Lepley, 170 
 
 Gill, William, notice of, 23 
 
 Gordon, Isaac G., notice of, 542 
 
 Grant, Reverend William D., at Lewisburg, 543 
 
 Grave-yards — Dry Run, 187 
 
 Turtle Creek, 200 
 
 White Deer, 240 
 
 Presbyterian, 312 
 
 Evangelical, 434 
 
 German and Lutheran, 512 
 
 Gray, Lieutenant William, 119,224 
 
 " Captain William, death of, 431 
 
 " Lieutenant Colonel Neigal, •. • • 232 
 
 " George, .' . . 245 
 
 Green, Joseph, 66,141,151,210 
 
 " " death of, 335 
 
 " George, letter from, 287 
 
 " General Abbot, elected major general, 539 
 
 Green's mill, 75 
 
 Greenville laid out, 311 
 
 Gregg, Andrew, marriage of, &c., 248 
 
 Grier, D. D., Reverend Isaac, 52,61,231,524,546 
 
 Grocliong's, Jacob, Mill, 185,186 
 
 Grove, Peter, pursuit of Indians, 191 
 
 " Michael, kills an Indian, 192 
 
 " family notice of, 192 
 
 Guelph's mills, action near, 146 
 
 Gundy, Van Christian, recollections of, 97,171 
 
 " " " notice of, 242 
 
 Gundy, William, drowned, 546 
 
 Haines township, formerly Potter, 264 
 
 Halfpenny, J. & M., woolen factories, 538 
 
 Hall, Esquii-e, Charles, 324,364 
 
 Hammond, Lieutenant David, 81 
 
 " General R. H., death and burial of, 548 
 
 Harbaugh's Fathers, quoted, . 199,399 
 
 Harbaugh, Reverend Henry , 543,548,550 
 
 Harding, General Abner C, 501 
 
 Harris, Honorable William L., death of, 546 
 
 Hartley township, formerly Upper Moreland, 61 
 
 " " erected, 391 
 
 " Colonel Thomas, 163,316 
 
 " " " expedition of, 165 
 
 Hartleton, 316 
 
 Hayes, John, death of, 544 
 
 " William, store robbed, 492 
 
 " " death of, and notice of family, 540 
 
 " " incident of early life, 542 
 
 Heckewelder quoted, 201 
 
 Heim, Reverend John G., 379 
 
 Heiser, H., appointed postmaster, 552 
 
 Heisler, Reverend D. Y., quoted, 286 
 
 " " " installed, 551 
 
 Herrold, killed, 170 
 
 Herrold tavern opened, 232 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 607 
 
 Hetrick, Christian, ^ 
 
 u ii killed ^^° 
 
 Hickok, Henry C, appointed' Deputy Superintendent Public Schools, 556 
 
 High's mill burned, • ^^^ 
 
 Hiinrod, Simon, ■ '000 
 
 Hoflfa's mills, ^°^ 
 
 Hood, Reverend Thomas, ordination of, 0^0 
 
 " " " last sermon, o-^* 
 
 " death of, 549 
 
 " Mrs. Mary, death of, ■ • g9 
 
 Horseraces, cnn 
 
 " " anti association formed, °^^ 
 
 Hotels mentioned, 'i^'r 
 
 Housel, Captain William, death of, &o^ 
 
 Hucks, Captain, tory, killed, |^ 
 
 Hug;hes, Napoleon, develops iron ore, '^^A9% 
 
 Huling, Marcus, . 'ro7 
 
 Hunt, Reverend Thomas P., lectures on temperance, &rf/ 
 
 Hunter, Colonel Samuel, letters from, „•, \„V,.,-^ \o. o^4 
 
 144 , 153 , 154 , 156 , 174 , 175 , 179 , 184 , 207 
 
 " " " pursues the Indians, 211 
 
 " " . " death of, 234 
 
 Improvement act passed, • • • ■ • 503 
 
 Improvements, 39,283,333,433 
 
 Indian tribes, localities of, 1 
 
 " paths, o 
 
 " Muncy, leave the Valley, 20 
 
 " Delawares, withdraw, 20 
 
 " Six Nations, 9" 
 
 " re-appear as enemies, 151,153,154,171,184,201,207,210 
 
 " Mvmcy, in Canada, 201 
 
 " married to whites, 202 
 
 " outrages, , 208 
 
 Independent press of Lewisburg, 538,544 
 
 Inhabitants, 1775, 67 
 
 Insane lad in House of Representatives, 346 
 
 Insm-ance company, mutual fire, organized, 553 
 
 Iron ore, develo]Dment of, 539 
 
 " works, Berlin, first metal at, 545 
 
 " " " blown out, 549 
 
 " " Forest, began building, • 545 
 
 " " << in hands of sherilf, 549 
 
 " " " sold, 550 
 
 Irvine, William, 297 
 
 Irwm & Johnston, 35 
 
 Isle of Que, 245 
 
 Jack's movintain, name how derived, __8 
 
 Jackson township erected, 555 
 
 Jail, appropriation for, 64 
 
 Jay's treaty, 295 
 
 Jefferson's election, rejoicing over, 327,342 
 
 Jenldns' mill, 221 
 
 Johnson, Samuel, tried for firing a barn, 469 
 
 Jones, Esquire, Isaac G., 524 
 
 Journal, Conrad Weiser's, 2 
 
 " Richard Miles', 53 
 
 " Major Ennion Williams', 63,84 
 
 Flavel Roan's, 338,359,379,388,397,407 
 
 Jurors, grand, list of, 43,51,53,127,151 
 
 " " petitionfor appointment of judge, 513 
 
 " traverse, list of, 51,53,151,231 
 
bo8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Keene, Major Lawrence, prothonotary, 214 
 
 Kelly, lirst settlers in, 34,53 
 
 Kelly, ColonelJoim, 35,141,144,153,179 
 
 " " " at Princeton, 139 
 
 " " " pursues the Indians, 172 
 
 " " " kills one near his cabin, 172 
 
 " " " toast of, 327 
 
 " " " sketch of, 506 
 
 " " " monument erected to, 524 
 
 Kelly, senior, James, o^jens temperence hotel in Lewisburg, .... 545 
 
 Kelly, Mrs. Sarah, 504 
 
 Kell}^ townsliip reported as Pike, 461 
 
 " " erected, 462 
 
 Kempling or Kemplen, Captain — See Campleton. 
 
 Kennedy's Gazette susiiended temporarily^, [finally in 1817,] .... 416 
 
 Kennedy, A., appointed postmaster, 549 
 
 Kerstetter, George, notice of, 453 
 
 Kester, George, bequest of, 297 
 
 Kleckner, M., laarn burned, 543 
 
 Kelchner, Jonas, death of, 539 
 
 Klinesmitli, Baltzer, killed, 189 
 
 " " notice of his daughters, 190 
 
 Kremer, Honorable George, death of, 555 
 
 Lafayette lodge, officers of, 500 
 
 Laird, Matthew, notice of, and family, .' 255 
 
 Lau-d, Reverend Matthew, sails for Africa, 512 
 
 Lane, Elder William, 539 
 
 Land office, new purchase, 28 
 
 ' ' locations, draAving of, 32 
 
 " valuation of, ... 60 
 
 Lashells, Esquire, John, death of, 547 
 
 Laughlin, Samuel, killed, 185 
 
 Lawyers, sketches of, 363 
 
 " peculiarities of, 481 
 
 Lechmere Point, skirmish at, 82 
 
 Lee, Major John, 126,204 
 
 " " " and wife killed, 210 
 
 " Thomas, 211 
 
 Lennox, George, 453 
 
 Lepley, Michael, killed, 170 
 
 Leroy, Jacob, 9 
 
 " John, 9 
 
 " Anna M., affidavit of, 12 
 
 Levjr, Esquire, Daniel, 365 
 
 Lewisburg laid out, 237 
 
 " residents of, 238, 
 
 242 , 253 , 269 , 279 , 282 , 301 , 322 , 332 , 337 , 354 , 356 , 370 , 379 , 387 - 
 
 " survey made of, 254 
 
 " merchants in, 311 
 
 " first postmaster at, . 312 
 
 *' incorporated, 406,456 
 
 " sketch of, in 1787, 254 
 
 " University, act incorporating, passed, 546 
 
 " Academy, 546 
 
 '< postmaster at, 548,549 
 
 " cemetery at, 549 
 
 " Chronicle, j)ublication of, began, 543 
 
 * ' University, extension of, 556 
 
 " sketch of, in 1813, 418 
 
 " explosion in drug store at, 525 
 
 " lecture at, 526 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. bog 
 
 Lewis, Judge Ellis, commission read, 513 
 
 License, applications for, 43,51,167 
 
 " vote for and against, 547 
 
 Lieutenants of the county appointed, and subs, 127 
 
 Limestone township, original settlers of, 76 
 
 " " erected, 550 
 
 Lincoln, Lieutenant Hananiah, 124 
 
 " Mishael, 169 
 
 Line of Indian purchase, 17 
 
 Linn, John, notice of, 453 
 
 " J. F., diary of, 550 
 
 Locusts appear, 418,455,530 
 
 Logan, son of Shikellimy, 5 
 
 " death of, 5 
 
 Loskiel quoted, 4 
 
 Lottery, Derr's, 238 
 
 " for improvement of Penn's creek, 356 
 
 " advertisements, 487 
 
 Lowdon, Captain John, 49 
 
 " " *' copy of his commission, 79 
 
 " " " roll of his company, 79 
 
 " " " letter to, from Hooper & Haines, 83 
 
 " " " company mustered out, 85 
 
 " " " letter to, from Speaker Jacobs, 126 
 
 " " " sketch of, 314 
 
 Lukens, John, death of, ""T^-^ 262 
 
 Lutheran churches, 253,430,534754^ 
 
 Lutz, A. H., appointed postmaster, 551 
 
 McCabe, Esquire, R. B., sketches, 97,168 
 
 McCandlish, George, 94 
 
 " William, house built, 74 
 
 " << 231 
 
 McClellan, Esquire, James, Z%Z 
 
 " " " death of, 550 
 
 McClune's, James, school, 526 
 
 McClure, Alexander, appointed postmaster, . ! 548 
 
 McCracken, Henry, killed, 193 
 
 McCormick, Seth, 246 
 
 " Thomas, .' 246 
 
 McHarge, Joseph, soldier, 167 
 
 McHenry, Henry, 211 
 
 McKim, Miller, delivers abolition lecture, !.!!!!! 527 
 
 Mack and Grube, journal of, 5 
 
 Maclay, Honorable Samuel, sketch of, !.!!'.!! 401 
 
 Maclay, William, letters of, 155,175 
 
 " " Native American letter, 'l84 
 
 " " elected United States Senator, 255 
 
 " R. P., appointed associate judge of Clarion county, 549 
 
 Macpherson, John, (Judge,) 166,493 
 
 Mahantango township, inhabitants of, 308 ,'332 
 
 Mails, arrival and departure of, 327 434 
 
 Manor, survey in Valley, !!!'.!..' 18 
 
 Manufactiires, &c., review of, '.'.'.".'.". '. . . '. '. 269 
 
 Market quotations, 432 441 
 
 455 , 457 , 459 , 497 , 503 , 513 ,529 ,539 ,543 ,544 ,546 ,547 ,549 ,551 ,552 , 555 , 556 
 " public at New Berlin, .............. 432 
 
 Marr, Reverend P. B., ordained and installed, 514 
 
 Marriages — 
 
 Alsbach, William, Catherine Shively, 490 
 
 Alter, Jacob, Ann Kessler, ' 438 
 
 Amberg, Hezekiah, Elizabeth Brooks, !.!!!!!! 485 
 
 39 
 
6io ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Marriages — 
 
 Amberg Abraham, Charlotte Brooks, 500 
 
 Apple, Daniel, Susan Orwig, 486 
 
 Aurand, George, Mary Royer, 500 
 
 Balcly, General Christopher, Eve Metzgar, 384 
 
 Barber, Thomas, Betsy Clingan, 411 
 
 Barry, Elisha, Elizabeth Herbst, 430 
 
 Beeber, John, Anna Baker, 428 
 
 Benner, Mathias, Elizabeth Overmeier, 486 
 
 Benner, Henry, Mary Royer, 500 
 
 Billman, Jacob, Charity , 416 
 
 Billmyer, Martin, Margaret Hinnnelreich, 367 
 
 Black, David, Catherine Berry, 411 
 
 Bower, Joseph, Susanna Machamer, 384 
 
 Bower, Moses, Catherine Moyer, 390 
 
 Bower, George, Polly Smith, 390 
 
 Breyvogel, Jacob, Susanna Baldy, 329 
 
 Brobst, John, Lj^dia Marriner, 367 
 
 Brown, Peter, Catherine Kautz, 373 
 
 Burd, Levi, Eve Winegardner, 416 
 
 Burnside, Thomas, Mary Fleming, 367 
 
 Caldwell, James, Isabella Duncan, 490 
 
 Candor, Thomas, Margaret Montgomery, 485 
 
 Chamberlin, Aaron, Betsy Dale, 411 
 
 Chamberlin, John, Elizabeth Hayes, 490 
 
 Chamberlin, Joseph, Nancy Deal, 495 
 
 Charles, C. H., Juliette Mann, 500 
 
 Chestney, Jacob G., Juliana Cummings, 486 
 
 Christ, Esquire, L. B., Esther Bogar, 500 
 
 Coasin, Ludwig, Susanna Oliphant, 354 
 
 Cochran, junior, John, Anna M. Grove, 400 
 
 Dale, James, Eliza Bell, ' 441 
 
 Davis, William, Catherine Derr, 400 
 
 Derr, Jacob, Isabella Hunter, 495 
 
 Dersham, Samuel, Susanna Shadel, 416 
 
 Devling, John, Mary Wilson, 490 
 
 Devling Walter, Eliza Wilson, 499 
 
 Dickson, Jesse, Polly Merlile, 416 
 
 Donachy, Alexander, Fanny Seitz, 416 
 
 Dreisbach, Daniel, Katy Dreisbach, 330 
 
 Dreisbach, Martin, Elizabeth Kleckner, 470 
 
 Duncan, James, Sophia Maxwell, 485 
 
 Duncan, David, Susan Hayes, 495 
 
 Dunn, Washington, Betsy Musser, 390 
 
 Engleman, Michael, Barbara Gilman, 411 
 
 Epler, Peter, Eve Clu-ist, 352 
 
 Evans, Evan Rice, Mrs. Forrest, 400 
 
 Forster, Robert, Jane Rutherford, 499 
 
 Forster, John, Margaret Vanvalzah, 495 
 
 Francis, William, Catherine Gettig, 435 
 
 Frederick, Philip, Christena Brown, 384 
 
 Freedly, John, Elizabeth Lehman, 373 
 
 Freeclly, George, Catherine, Frantz, 373 
 
 Fruit, Robert, Maria Nevius, 411 
 
 Goodlander, Paul, Rachel Heckel, 416 
 
 Gregg, Andrew, Martha Potter, 248 
 
 Grier, Thomas, Rachel Stratton, 490 
 
 Grier, Doctor Joseph F., Margaret Graham, 499 
 
 Grove, Henry, Hannah Leisenring, 384 
 
 Grove, Simon, Mary Miller, 500 
 
 Grove, John, Sarah Montgomery, ' 411 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. • ^/i" 
 
 Marriages — 4f.i 
 
 Grove, Conrad, Mary Gingerich, ^"| 
 
 Gutelius. John P., Maria Aui-and Ji^ 
 
 Hammond, Lieutenant R. H., Ann Eliza Dimcan, ^o' 
 
 Haus, John, Margaret Roush, *^^ 
 
 Hayes, Robert, Emily Fields, ^"" 
 
 Hayes, John, Jane McFadden, *^^ 
 
 Hepburn, Samuel, Ann Clay, ^"" 
 
 Highland, WHliam, Mary Gann, . . . . ■ ^^" 
 
 Hill, Daniel K., Barbara Musser, ^"Y 
 
 Hotlman, Michael, Lydia Wagner, *°^ 
 
 Housel, John, Margaret Musser, *^Y 
 
 Howard, Thomas, Elizabeth Harris, ^^j!- 
 
 Hutchinson, Samuel, Jennie Wallace, ^^" 
 
 Jodon, Francis, Elizabeth Cherry, *^° 
 
 Johnston, John, Elizabeth Kress, ^^^ 
 
 Jordan, Nathan, Hannah Smith, " ' lift 
 
 Keenly, Daniel, Maria Richter, ^|° 
 
 Kelly, James, Hannah Seitz, *^^ 
 
 Kelly, William, Margaret Allison, *°^ 
 
 Kemp, Titus, Betsy Huntmgdon, %^ 
 
 Kirk, WUliam, Jane Knox, ^^" 
 
 Kreechbaum, Peter, Elizabeth Davis, ^^1. 
 
 Keechbaum, George, Polly Keller, '^' 
 
 Laird, Reverend Matthew, Harriet Myer, V^^ 
 
 Lawshe, John, Polly Seitz, ^^^ 
 
 LaAVSon, James, Nancy Clingan, *|^ 
 
 Lesher, Philip, Polly BUlmyer, *^o 
 
 - Lewis, Paschall, Elizabeth Boude, ^^® 
 
 Linn, William, Jane Morrow, *^^ , 
 
 Linn, John, Mary F. Chamberlin, ^\ • 
 
 Linn, James F., Margaret Wilson, ^1 
 
 Long, Peter, Sarah Moore, ^ 
 
 Ludwig, Daniel, Sarah Hoffman, *^? 
 
 Mackey, Mr., Abigail Iddings, 'fJi 
 
 Maclay, John, Annie Dale, *^^ 
 
 Maclay, Robert P., Margaret C. Lashells, *°o 
 
 Magee, Captain James, Elizabeth Strayhorn, 4^^ 
 
 Magee, John, Susan Struble, ^A 
 
 Maize, John, Elizabeth Jones, *°^ 
 
 Martin, David, Jane McClung, ' ' ' asd 
 
 Martin, Lawrence, Polly Juge, ^°* 
 
 Mauck, David, Nancy Shriner, *^^ 
 
 Mauck Jesse, Catherine Crotzer, ^^|^ 
 
 Merrill, James, Sarah Hepburn, ^yu 
 
 Metzgar, Abner, Eleanor Lawshe, *^^ 
 
 Meyer, Michael, Sarah Kelley, f^ 
 
 Miller, WUliam, Elizabeth Myers, fA^ 
 
 Mitchel, George, Eliza Anderson, ' lac 
 
 Mook, Daniel, Mary Dieffenbach, 4°° 
 
 Mook, George, Julia Fastnock, '^ 
 
 Moore, Lewis, Dorothy Smith, ^ 
 
 Montgomery, Robert, Nancy Knox, ^oR 
 
 Moyer, Henry, Polly Strickland, 4^^ 
 
 Mussena, Henry B., Elizabeth Winter, *»o 
 
 Myers, Henry, Hannah Walter, SUU 
 
 Myers, Peter, Sophia Nixon, ^oo 
 
 McBeth, Andrew, Ann Linn, 4g° 
 
 McCormick, Saul, Catherine Hood, 4^^ 
 
 McLaughlin, Hugh, Frances Derr, 4^5 
 
 McLaughlin, Hugh, Elizabeth McAllister, 4lt) 
 
6i2 • ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Marriages — 
 
 Nesbit, William, Nancy Musser, 373 
 
 Nesbit, David, Mary Musser, 485 
 
 Orwig, John, Maria"^ Bright, 486 
 
 Peters, Isaac, Susan Miller, 470 
 
 Pontius, Conrad, Mary Seebold, 470 
 
 Ranck, John, Nancy Luther, 384 
 
 Ranck, Joel, Sarah Long, 390 
 
 Ranck, Jonathan, Catherine Long, 430 
 
 Reedy, Jonathan, Amelia Buckner, 490 
 
 Rees, Jacob, Elizabeth Williamson, 430 
 
 Renner, Frederick, Magdalena Krause, 354 
 
 Roush, Samuel, Elizabeth Dunkle, 438 
 
 Row, John, Rachael Kunkle, 486 
 
 Selin, Anthony, Catherine Yoner, 390 
 
 Sergeant, John, Catherine Beyer, 354 
 
 Shannon, Daniel, Christena Pross, 430 
 
 Shaw, John, Margaret Baker, 500 
 
 Sheckler, Tobias, Catherine Fredericks, 296 
 
 Shriner, Daniel, Catherine Funston, 435 
 
 Sierer, John, Louisa McMillan, 384 
 
 Snyder, John, Margaret Hammond, 490 
 
 Snyder, John, Mary Kittera, 441 
 
 Snyder, George, Anna Ellen Duncan, 457 
 
 Snyder, Simon, Catherine Antes, 309 
 
 Stahl, Philip, Susanna Spotz, 390 
 
 Steadman, William C, Elizabeth Wilson, 470 
 
 Straub, Michael, Sarah Grove, 354 
 
 StraAvbridge, Mr., Louisa Maus, 486 
 
 Strayer, Jacob, Rachael Harmony, 435 
 
 Strayhorn, Peter, Cornelius, 499 
 
 Strickland, Samuel, Elizabeth Turner, 430 
 
 Swartz, Peter, Magdalena Weyland, 49 
 
 Thompson, William, Susan Linn, 342 
 
 Troxell, George, Mary Hoflfman, 354 
 
 Updike, Elijah, Elizabeth Snook, 400 
 
 Vandyke, John, Margaret Adams, 384 
 
 Vanvalzali, John A., Rebecca Chambers, 500 
 
 Wagner, Jacob, Rachael McGuire, 461 
 
 Walters, John, Susanna Moyer, 435 
 
 Wehr Jacob, Margaret Sassman, 430 
 
 Weiser, Conrad, Elizabeth Snyder, 390 
 
 Wetze ., Jonathan, Hettie Hoff, . 486 
 
 Wilsfai, Hugh, Catherine Irvine, 266 
 
 Wilson, Thomas, Mrs. Drake, 493 
 
 Wilson, William, Ruth Waddell, 499 
 
 Woods, junior, Christopher, Maria Little, 500 
 
 Yarger, John, Margaret Kelly, 493 
 
 Yost, John, Sarah Shaffer, 490 
 
 Zerbe, Henry, Susanna Heckel, 373 
 
 Zentmyer, Israel, Eve Snook, 500 
 
 Masonic procession, 493 
 
 " Anti, excitement, 498 
 
 " " delegate meeting, .■ 519 
 
 Maynard's Clinton county quoted, 267 
 
 Meeting, anti school, 514 
 
 " " " resolutions adopted, 515 
 
 " " " delegates, list of, 516 
 
 " " Masonic delegate, 519 
 
 «' native American, 544 
 
 " railroad, at Mifflinburg, 546 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 613 
 
 Meeting, railroad, at Lewisburg, 552 
 
 " " New Berlin, 553 
 
 " " Potters's fort, 554 
 
 Meginness' West Branch quoted, 178,191,192,210,232,283 
 
 Merrill, James, address of, 606 
 
 " " death of, 538 
 
 Meteoric shower, 612 
 
 Meteor at New Berlin, 483 
 
 Mexican war, soldiers in, 547 
 
 Middleburg, residents of, • 331 
 
 Middle creek, alias Christunn, 12 
 
 Mifflinburg laid out, 274 
 
 residents of, 279,282,318,355,370,379,387 
 
 <' first court held at, 418 
 
 " Academy, act establishing, passed, 492 
 
 " incorporated, 492 
 
 MUes, Colonel Samuel 13 
 
 " Richard, jovirnal, 63 
 
 Military record, 1861-5, . 580 
 
 MUitia officers, 90,102,104,108,241 
 
 " elections, 525,539,540 
 
 " companies of Valley, 539 
 
 Miller, Philip, appointed court-crier, 448 
 
 Miller, George F., barn burned, 545 
 
 Millerism excitement, 542 
 
 Mills built— Fought's, 38 
 
 Smith's, 60 
 
 Titzell's, * 62 
 
 Barber's, 193 
 
 Weiser's fulling, 243 
 
 Farley's, John, 247 
 
 Farley's, Caleb, 258 
 
 Chillisquaque, 251 
 
 Penn's creek, 311 
 
 Barber's, Robert, 311 
 
 Wilt's, 327 
 
 steam flour, 654 
 
 Mingo, White, murder of, 24 
 
 Minutes of the Committee of Safety, 99,127 
 
 Mitman, J. M., appointed postmaster, 548 
 
 Mizener, Adam, captured, 188 
 
 Monckton, Colonel, sword of, 162 
 
 Monmouth, battle of, 159 
 
 INIontelius, Honorable John, address to electors, . . : 530 
 
 Montour, John, 169 
 
 Moore, Colonel James, quoted, 3,283 
 
 Morgan, Jacob, letter from, 153 
 
 Morrison, Reverend Hugh, 248 
 
 " " " his call, 249 
 
 " " " sermons of, 284 
 
 " " " difficulty with Maclay, 296,318 
 
 " " " dismissed, 329 
 
 Morton, Johnny, sketch of, 501 
 
 Mountains, mention of, 8 
 
 Mumma, Esquire, John, deatli of, 491 
 
 Musser's distillery burned, 539 
 
 Necrology of the Buffalo Valley, 564 
 
 Nesbit's, fire at, 335 
 
 Nevin, Doctor John W., preaches in Lewisburg, 547 
 
 New Berlin, residents of, 283,301,322,332,337,356,370,387 
 
 " " courts at, 429 
 
6r4 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 New Berlin, plan of, made, 433 
 
 " " showman at, 482 
 
 " " meteor at, 483 
 
 " " incorporated, May 16, 1837. 
 
 Newcomer, Bishop, visits Valley, 299,325,413,429,434,489 
 
 Newspapers — Kennedy's Gazette, suspended temporarily, 416 
 
 Columbia Gazette began publication, 416 
 
 Andrew Kennedy's, junior, 418 
 
 Union Hickory removed to Lewisburg, 497 
 
 Sunburj' Northumberland Gazette began publication, 269 
 " " " susi^ended, .... 416 
 
 Union Times, 457 
 
 " " editorsof, 480,522,539 
 
 Lewisburg Journal published, 501 ■- 
 
 People's Advocate, at Lewisburg, suspended, 538 
 
 Independent Press began publication, 538 
 
 " " editors of, 544 
 
 Lewisburg Chronicle began publication, 543 
 
 " " editor of, 543,548,550,556 
 
 Pittsburgh Daily, editor of, 544 
 
 Items from Henry Shaup's Union, 432 
 
 Union Star sold, 549 
 
 Union Democrat, editor of, 549 
 
 The Guardian, 550 
 
 Northumberland county erected, 40 
 
 " " first officials of, 41 
 
 " " " courts held in, 42 
 
 " " ' " sheriff of, 44 
 
 " " " suits in, 44 
 
 " " bar, sketches of, 323 
 
 " " recruiting in, 151 
 
 " " divided into election districts, 238 
 
 Officers, application for land, 26 
 
 " grant of land to, 27 
 
 " survey of land, 30,37 
 
 " " meeting, reference to, 36 
 
 " militia, elected, 525,539 
 
 Officials, list of, 558 
 
 Orders, general, from Lieutenant Colonel Weirick's order book, . . 426 
 
 Overmeier's, Mrs., statement, 187 
 
 Paoli massacre, 143 
 
 Parr, Major James, 33,81 
 
 " '"' " roll of his company , 86 
 
 Pastors of Baiatist church, ; 371 
 
 Patterson, Captain Samuel, monuinent erected to, 537 
 
 " W. A., death of, 555 
 
 Pealer, Captain, in Nittany valley, 154 
 
 Pence, Peter, 8 
 
 Penn, Thomas and Richard, purchase from Six Nations, 26 
 
 Penn's creek massacre, 8 
 
 " residents on, 10 
 
 " public highway, 36 
 
 " appropriations for improvements, 497 
 
 Penn's township, settlers of, 23,37,40 
 
 " bounds of, . 42 
 
 " list of inhabitants, 91,150, 
 
 182,194,209,214,237,242,245,253,263,269,280,284,294,313 
 Pensioners, United States, residing in Union county in 1840, .... 537 
 
 Pennsylvania convention, 65 
 
 Phreeiner, Reverend John G., 275 
 
 Pickering's life, quoted, 242 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 615 
 
 Pickliard, John, case of, 137 
 
 " Nicholas, case of, 138 
 
 Piscataway, skirmishes at, 141 , 143 
 
 Pittsburgh Daily, editor of, 544 
 
 Plunlvet, William, expedition to Wyoming, 87 
 
 " " notice of, 271 
 
 Poalc, James, family of, 213 
 
 Pohlhemus, Albert, family, 157 
 
 Pollock, John, opens store, 294 
 
 •' Hugh, publishes pamphlet, 538 
 
 " Reverend Hugh, takes charge of Lewisburg Academy, . . . 537 
 
 Political notes, .54,76,147,257, 
 
 266,280,282,287,295,310,312,319,325,334,351,356,369,371,434,436, 
 448 , 455 , 456 , 459 , 463 , 487 , 489 , 493 , 497 , 499 , 501 , 505 , 519 , 525 , 526 , 527 , 
 529 , 533 , 538 , 540 , 543 , 544 , 545 , 546 , 548 , 549 , 550 , 552 , 553 , 554 , 555 , 557 
 
 Pontius, Pliilip, statements, 187 
 
 " Henry, notice of, 458 
 
 Poor-liouse, vote for and against, 550 
 
 Post-offices established, 551,552 
 
 Potter township, erected, 53 
 
 " " name changed, 264 
 
 Potter, General James, 142,144,151,243 
 
 " " " letters to and from, . . . .145,146,154,163,174,200 
 
 " " " death of, 261 
 
 Presbyterian church, Cross-Roads, 51,60,231,250,270,433 
 
 " " Lewisburg, 505,511 
 
 " " at New Berlin, ' 538,543 
 
 Presbytery of Northumberland, formed, 391 
 
 Prices current, 432,441,455, 
 
 457,459,497,503,513,529,539,543,544,546,547,549,551,552,555,556 
 
 Price, Sergeant Thomas, 119 
 
 Priestly, Doctor Joseph, 343 
 
 Princeton, battle at, 139 
 
 Proliibitory liquor law, vote for and against, 555 
 
 Pumi^kins, big, 534 
 
 Pu.rchases, 1754, 8 
 
 1758, 16 
 
 1768, 26 
 
 Quinn, Esquire, David, incident related by, 158 
 
 " Samuel, commissioned, 194 
 
 Quinn's run, origin of name, 194 
 
 Rahauser, Reverend Jonathan, 259 
 
 Railroad incorporated, 526 
 
 " stirvey began, 526 
 
 " Sunbury and Erie, subscription to, 526 
 
 " Lewisburg, Centre, and Spruce Creek, incorporated, .... 554 
 " " " " suz'vey began, . . . 554 
 
 Read, William, case of, 135 
 
 Real estate, valuation of, by townships, 551 
 
 Reasoner, James, accident to, 526 
 
 Reber, Samuel, opens hotel, 501 
 
 Red Bank run, 25 
 
 Reed family, 25' 
 
 Reger, Elias, notice of, 453 
 
 Reichel, Reverend W. C, notice of, 19 
 
 Reily, General, 544 
 
 Revival at Lewisburg, 543 
 
 Revolutionary soldiers, notices of, 449 
 
 " " at fourth of July celebration, 505 
 
 " struggle inaugurated, 76 
 
 Rifle battalion, notice of, 82 
 
6ib ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Rifle battalion, standard of, described, 85 
 
 Riflemen, ordered to be raised, 78 
 
 " enlisted at Derr's mill, 78 
 
 River, improvement of the, 260 
 
 Road — Fort Augusta to Lycoming creek, 44 
 
 Derr's to Narrows, 51,65 
 
 Great Plains to Sunbury, 51 
 
 Reuben Haines, 65 
 
 Bald Eagle to Sunbury, 86 
 
 HeadofPenn's valley to J. Davidson's ferry, .... 251,252,259 
 Lewisburg, by Cross-Roads, to Mifflinburg, 252,487,495,496,497,499 
 
 Shirtz, at Narrows, to Colonel Clarke's lane, 252 
 
 Jenkins' mill to M. and L. road, 327 
 
 Milton to Derrstown and Mitflinbm-g road, 335 
 
 Jenkins' mill to Michael Smith's, 337 
 
 Gephart's to turnpike, 346 
 
 Brush valley to James Irwin's, 274 
 
 Wolfe's tavern to Buffalo creek, 274 
 
 Rockey's mills to Reznor's, 418 
 
 Reznor's saw-mill to Brush valley and Mifflinburg road, . . . 418 
 
 Bellefonte to White Deer creek, 463 
 
 Lewisburg to Selinsgrove, 497 
 
 Mortonsville, by Hugh Wilson's and Derr's, 418,501 
 
 Chamberlin's mill to Kelly's saw-mill, 499 
 
 Turtle creek, 501 
 
 State, Heverling's mill to Elk creek, 537 
 
 Sugar Valley and White Deer, 552 
 
 Roan, Flavel, 243 
 
 " " poetry of, 292 
 
 " " journal of, 338,359,379,388,397,407 
 
 Robh's, Robert, case, 115,127 
 
 Robinson, John, 543 
 
 Roll of Captain John Lowdon's company, 79 
 
 " " James Parr's comjDany, 86 
 
 " twelfth Pennsylvania, 124 
 
 " Captain John Clarke's company, 121 
 
 " soldiers captiired at Fort Freeland, 179 
 
 " Captain James Thompson's company, 188 
 
 " " Casper Weitzel's company, 118 
 
 " " B. Weiser's company, 140 
 
 " " Peter Grove's company, 206 
 
 <' " Samuel McGrady's company, 206 
 
 " Rangers, 207 
 
 " Captain Lowdon's company, 1784, ". . . . 233 
 
 " " Donaldson's company, 1812, 408 
 
 " " Middleswarth's company, 1812, 410 
 
 " Field and staff of Lieutenant Colonel George Weirick's regi- 
 ment, 421 
 
 ♦' Captain Henry Miller's company, 421 
 
 " " . Jacob Hummel's comi^any, 422 
 
 " " Valentine Haas' company, 423 
 
 " " John Bergstresser's company, 424 
 
 " " William F. Buyers' company, 425 
 
 " " Ner Middleswarth's company, 427 
 
 Roise dancer at New Berlin, 464 
 
 Rorabaugh, Philip, notice of, 453 
 
 " " buried, 527 
 
 Rote, George, and his sister captured, 199 
 
 Row, George, killed, • 193 
 
 Roj'al Grenadiers' flag captured, 159 
 
 Rumsey, John, 245 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 617 
 
 Runaway, the Great, 1778, ' 154,176 
 
 Rupp, I. D., quoted, 13 
 
 Salt-works, 480 
 
 Sample, John, and wife killed, 171 
 
 Sargent, John, removes, 525 
 
 Sawj^er, Thomas, 499 
 
 Schools, 297,359,413,460 
 
 School, anti, meeting of, 514 
 
 " " " resolutions adopted at, 515 
 
 " " delegate meeting, 516 
 
 " " delegates, list of, 516 
 
 " vote for and against, 518,536 
 
 " first county superintendent of, 555 
 
 " Deputy Superintendent of Putjlic, 556 
 
 Scull's map, 36 
 
 Seebold, Pliilip, 159 
 
 Selin, Captaui Anthony, 276 
 
 Selinsgrove, residents of, 332 
 
 " incorporated, 492 
 
 " first hotel in, 232 
 
 Seminary, Union, at New Berlin, established, 556 
 
 Settlers, early, Penn to\^Tiship, 23 
 
 " of Valley, 33,39,49,50,53,54,62 
 
 " first Baptist, 283 
 
 Shamokin. now Sunbury, 2 
 
 " original name of the country, 7 
 
 Shaeflfer, Reverend Sanuiel, 546 
 
 Shil-cellimy, Viceroy, 2 
 
 " residence of, 2 
 
 " removes to Shamokin, 4 
 
 " death of, 20 
 
 Shikellimy's old town, 3,32 
 
 Shikellimy, Loskiel's notice of, 4 
 
 Shively, Cliristian, statement of, 187 , 189 
 
 " John, carried away, 199 
 
 Shoemaker, Charles L., 549 
 
 Showman at New Berlin, 482 
 
 Shows, character of, 527 
 
 Skeleton found, 555 
 
 Slaves, .• 74,242,299 
 
 Slenker, Honorable Isaac, 495 
 
 Smitli, Catherine, petition of, 240 
 
 " Widow, mills, 60,175,240 
 
 " " petition of, 240 
 
 " Anna M., bequest of, 297 
 
 " Esquire, Cliarles, sketch of, 363 
 
 " Enoch, sketch of, 439 
 
 " Ann, alias Carson, arrested, 433 
 
 " Adam, sketch of, 463 
 
 " Michael, statement of, 203 
 
 " Matthew, letters of, 155,186 
 
 " " specimen record of, 209 
 
 " Jolui, of Buffalo, family of, 213 
 
 " Daniel, 323,365 
 
 Snyder, Governor Simon, letter from, to George Kremer, 434 
 
 " " " sketch of, 443 
 
 " Antes, • • . 446 
 
 " George A., extracts from manuscript, 190, 
 
 464 , 479 , 482 , 484 , 502 , 527 , 530 , 542 
 
 " John, heirs of, law suit, vs. Simon Snyder, 465 
 
 Snyder county, erected, 556 
 
6i8 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 Snowstorms, 495,527,536,544 
 
 Social incidents, 392,463 
 
 Society, Union County agricultural, 528,554 
 
 " Susquehanna Bible, formed, 433 
 
 " debating, 491 
 
 Soldiers, revolutionary, notices of, 449 
 
 " list of, from Union county in Mexican War, 547 
 
 Soult, David, 470 
 
 Spangenberg, Reverend Cyriacus, notice of, 217 
 
 " " " executed for murder, 218 
 
 Spalding, Captain Simon, testimony, 217 
 
 Speddy, William, 46 
 
 Spyker, Henry, house built, 294 
 
 " " notice of, 439 
 
 Stanford, Jacob, killed, 153 
 
 Starret's mill burned, 175 
 
 Steam flour-mill built, 554 
 
 Straubstown, residents of, 331 
 
 Stevens, Ephraim, 481 
 
 Still bursted, 492 
 
 Stony Point captured, 175 
 
 Storms, David, killed, 208 
 
 Storm, lieavy north-east, 552 
 
 Stove, Hathaway cooking, manufacture of begun, 539 
 
 Strickland, Timothy, 453 
 
 Strubble, Peter, death of, 549 
 
 Stumjj, Frederick, murders by, 24 
 
 Suits, act passed transferring all unsettled, to Union county, 418 
 
 Sullivan, General, letter from, 174 
 
 Sunbury laid out, 43 
 
 " Northumberland Gazette, 269 
 
 Sunderland, Daniel, 247 
 
 Supreme Court justices opinion of Ritner, 498 
 
 " personnel of justices of, 498 
 
 " middle district created, 356 
 
 Surveys, first, 19,28 
 
 " oflBcers, naade, 30 
 
 " early, 34,38,48,52,61,75,237 
 
 Surveyors, deputy, appointed, 257 
 
 Susquehanna declared a highway, 36 
 
 " survey of, 264 
 
 Swan, Samuel, 246 
 
 Swartz, Peter, marriage of, 49 
 
 " " house burned, 157 
 
 Swartzel, Esquii-e, H., 47 
 
 Swesey, Daniel, notice of, 453 
 
 Swineford's hotel, 247 
 
 " mvirder of, 488 
 
 Swinefordstown, residents of, 331 
 
 Switzer run, 7 
 
 " tract, 74 
 
 Synod, Pliiladelphia, met at Lewisburg, 548 
 
 Taggert, M. H., appointed postmaster, 552 
 
 Tannery burned, 525 
 
 Tan-yard at Buffalo Cross-Roads, 279 
 
 Tate, Edward, 210 
 
 Taxables, enumeration of, by townships, 551 
 
 Taylor, Thomas, anecdote oi^, 488 
 
 Teedyuscung, king of the Delawares, 19 
 
 Telegraph brought to Lewisburg, 552 
 
 Temperance associations formed, 483 
 
ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 6ig 
 
 Temperance society, 504 
 
 '> efforts, 544 
 
 " sons of, organized, 545 
 
 Tenipleton, Samuel, death of, 490 <- 
 
 Thompson, Captain James, narrative of, 195 
 
 Thornton, Doctor Thomas A. H., 549 
 
 Times, Union, publication of, began, 457 
 
 " " editors of, 522 
 
 Titzell'smill, 62 
 
 Tomato, as an edible, 443 
 
 Treaty at Fort GreenvUle, 223 
 
 Turtle creek, 7 
 
 Turnpikes, 495,496,497,552 
 
 Tusk, mammoth, dug up, 552 
 
 Union township, surveys, 34 
 
 " " erected, 429 
 
 " county, " 412 
 
 " Hickory, (newspaper,) removed to Lewisburg, 497 
 
 " furnace built, 555 
 
 " seminary at New Berlin established, 556 
 
 " '< " " " officers of, 556 
 
 Utica, origin of, for girl's name, 489 
 
 Universitj^, Lewisburg, act to establish, passed, 546 
 
 " " first commencement, 552 
 
 " " graduating class, 552 
 
 " " change of presidents, 552 
 
 " " Academy building of, ground broken for, . 548 
 
 "Van Campen's narrative referred to, 191 
 
 Van Fleet, Cornelius, 245 
 
 Van Gundy, Christian, licensed, 51 
 
 " " narratives of, 91,171 
 
 " " notice of, 242 
 
 Vanvalzah, Doctor Robert, 253 
 
 " " " death of, 551 
 
 " " Thomas, 527 
 
 " Howard, accident to, 514 
 
 Vincent, Daniel, incident of, 178 
 
 Wagoner, Adam, house and mill burnt, . . . .' 495 
 
 Walker, John, sequel to his murder, 212 
 
 Washington township erected, 239 
 
 " " inhabitants of, 239 
 
 Watson, Patrick, killed, 189 
 
 Watts, Esquire, David, 364 
 
 Weather record, 479,497,500,511,513,523,526,536 
 
 Wedding, first in the Valley, 49 
 
 " party, 463 
 
 Weeks, Rachel, 245 
 
 " Jesse, 246 
 
 Weirick, Lieutenant Colonel, order book, 426 
 
 Weiser, Conrad, journal of, 2 
 
 " Captain Benjamin, roll of his company, 140 
 
 Weisertown, residents of, 332 
 
 Weisner, Thomas, 245 
 
 Weitzel, Captain Casper, letter of, 77 
 
 " " " roll of his company, 140 
 
 " " '' death of, 213 
 
 Welch, Clinton, drowned, 556 y 
 
 West Buffalo, early settlers in, 54 
 
 Wheat, fall of, 405 
 
 Whisky insurrection, incidents of, 286 
 
 White Deer creek — Opaghtanoten, 7 
 
620 ANNALS OF BUFFALO VALLEY. 
 
 White Deer mills built, 60 
 
 " '< " burned, 175 
 
 " " townshij) erected, 89 
 
 " " " inhabitants of, 149,182, 
 
 194,214,232,236,242,244,253,258,274,279,284,294, 
 305,310,317,326,332,337,840,354,355,370,379,387 
 
 " " " valuation of, 299 
 
 " " distilleries in, 260 
 
 " " election district, 310 
 
 " *' Hole valle}^ peojileof, 245 
 
 White Min^o, murder of, 24 
 
 Wliitman, Professor, J. S., elected county sui^erintendent, 555 
 
 Weirbach's, John, daughter captured, 206 
 
 Williams', Major Ennion, journal, 63,84 
 
 Wilson, John, . 33 
 
 Wilson, Judo-e William, 81,159,162 
 
 " William, Doctor T. H., grandfather, 49,188 
 
 " Thomas, 320 
 
 " " of Kelly, death of, 504 
 
 " William, of Kelly, 470 
 
 " Honorable Hugh, death of, 545 
 
 " Hugh, of Buffalo, notice of, : . 545 
 
 Winfield post-offce established, 552 
 
 Witchraft farce, 484 
 
 Withington, Captain Peter, 124 
 
 '» Martin opens hotel, 269 
 
 Wolfe's, John, barn burned, 545 
 
 Wolfinger, John F., quoted, 94,143,245 
 
 Wolves perish from cold, 523 
 
 Woolen factories, 538 
 
 Worden, O. N., quoted, 45,283,371,548 
 
 Wright, John, (erratum for Weight, read Wright,) 422 
 
 Yellow fever, 280 
 
 Yeomans, Doctor, preaches at Lewisburg, ; 548 
 
 Yiesely, Michael, notice of, 454 
 
 Young, Margaret, story of, 197,251 
 
 " James, death of, 481 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL NOTE. 
 
 After these Annals had gone to press, John Jordan, junior, Es- 
 quire, of Philadelphia, found in the library of the Archives of the 
 Moravian Church, at Bethlehem, the Narrative of Anne LeRoy and 
 Barbara Leininger, referred to upon page 12. Rewrites: " it is 
 in the German language, fourteen pages, and bound in one of the 
 five volumes entitled ' Varia,' in that library, of which Bishop Ed- 
 ward de Schweintz is custodian. It purports to be taken from the 
 lips of the parties, but does not give exact information of the precise 
 places where the girls were captured. They lived on adjoining farms, 
 some miles from Shamokin. They were taken in October, 1755, 
 and reached Philadelphia May 6, 1759." 
 
 I am glad the occasion for a note enables me to acknowledge my 
 obhgations to William H. Egle, M. D., of Harrisburg, for many 
 valuable suggestions, and for his intelligent and laborious supervision 
 of the proofs ; but for which, in a book containing such an abund- 
 ance of names and dates, many errors other than those which may 
 possibly be found must have occurred. 
 
 John Blair Linn. 
 July 18, 1877. 
 
 G' Q 
 
Lfc N 10 
 
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