Hollinger Corp. P H8.5 y /;,'' sy ■y ■/// /y'^y/ii ^^- ■■%h**~ii-i w^t, /J* y*f & a i / <■■ s t . ' . ' y P 913 L55 opy 1 !P* /^ DELIVERED 01 THE 17th OF MARCH, 1819, .T WASHINGTON HALL. BEFORE THE FRIENDLY ASSOCIATION STEPHEN P. LEMOINE, ESQ. NEW-YORK : PRINTED BY G RATTAN AND BANKS, NASSAU-STREET, 1819, Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from The Library of Congress http://www.archive.org/details/orationdeliveredOOIemo New-York, March 18, 181& Sit, Agreeably to a resolution of the Sham- rock Friendly Association, we have been deputed to present you with its thanks, and to convey to you its entire approbation of the Oration you yesterday de- livered. We are also directed to request a copy for publication. We saw, with pleasure, a native American entering deeply into feelings which made us forget that we were not listening to an Irishman. We witnessed a descendant of France dwelling with enthusiasm on the fate of the country of his fathers, and on that of our J s, modestly concealing the obligations due by Irishmen to a people among whom the persecuted children of Erin found, heretofore, a hospitable recep- tion, and a home. Before liberty opened the gates of America, France ivas the sure and best asylum of oppressed Irishmen. We are Sir, Your very obedient servants, WILLIAM JAMES MACNEVEK THOS. ADDIS EMMET. To Stephen P. Lemoine, Esq. New-York, March, 19, 1819. Gentlemen, For the honor conferred on me by the Shamrock Friendly Association, you will please to present to it, and accept for yourselves, my sinceresl thanks. The Address I delivered was written in haste, and while I was much engaged in professional pursuits ; whatever attention it may command is due to the kindness of the Society, I have no copy of it ; the original, such as it is, properly belongs to the Society) and is at its disposal, lam, Gentlemen, Fbw-r's, With esteem and respect, S. P.'LEMOINK To William James Macneven, and Thos. Addis Emmet, Esqrs. RATION, &c. -*&$$&»— Respected Auditors, We have assembled to celebrate the anniversary of an era, the most glorious in the annals of Ireland, and the most honorable to her inhabitants- — the Christian Religion, introduced by the missionary whose name will to the end' of time be commemo- rated on the 17th of March, was sent by Heaven to overthrow the Pagan Gods of Ireland, and on the scattered ruins of idolatry to erect, triumphantly, the standard of Divine Religion- — the standard before which every knee should bend- — the standard of the Cross ! What a cause of exultation !— what a cause for annual celebration ; and how much more is it en- hanced by the reflection, thai the descendants of Irishmen can proudly boast that their ancestors stood a solitary instance of a people, receiving without op- position, and with religious zeal, the doctrine of Re- velation. The introduction of the Christian Religion gave a new impulse to literature ; and we find Ire- land shortly becoming the college of Europe, and, as a literary constellation, diffusing the blessings of her industry to surrounding nations. That such an era should continue annually to be celebrated, cannot but meet the approbation of the good and the wise of all nations,- — That the descendants of Irishmen should annually assemble, and, putting on the mantle of their sires, should enter into the spirit of the times that are gone, and for a moment drown their sorrows in harmless festivity, is at once a proof of gratitude and of virtue. May the recollections of this day be as fresh in their memories as their own emblem, the 4i evergreen shamrock." In whatever part of the globe Ju'shmen meet, and under whatever circumstances placed, they should never forget the virtues of their ancestors ; but whe- ther Erin's harp be tuned to sorrow, or touched to gaiety, they should spread the history of their coun- try before themselves and their children, as an exam- ple most worthy of imitation. In Ireland alone the celebration of this day is viewed as a crime, and often indirectly punished as such. Yet, even there, the people, forgetting the presence of spies, informers, and assassins, toast their country as it was, and un- mindful of the vial that to-morrow may pour upon them, in festive merriment drown their cares, their resentments, and their shamrocks, tendering the hand of forgiveness to their enemies, and the cup of hos- pitality to their friends. In other countries the cere- monies of St. Patrick's Day are interrupted only by the ordinary caution which influences suspicious rulers in their conduct towards their blind misused subjects. In one country alone can the Irishman, free from fear, enjoy, without alloy or danger, the happy feel- ings which the occasion inspires, and fulfil, to his heart's content, what he conceives the duties of his jubilee. In that country we are assembled — in that country I now address you — a country where tyranny can never raise her sceptre. Here we enjoy the rights which God and nature gave us — here is the only Ararat on which Freedom's Ark may rest — America ! the birth place of freemen — the home, the asylum, of the oppressed of all nations. Time was, and not long since, when the political situations of Americans and of Irishmen were nearly alike ; subjects of the same government, they were slaves of the same tvrant — sentiments of mutual sympathy early wedded their souls— they alike sighed for freedom, they alike deserved it— but they were not alike fortunate. Americans are as free as their own mountain oaks — the sons of Erin pine in chains — but we do not sympathise the less in their sorrows because we forget our own ; nor has their attachment to us ceased because we are in less need of it. The noble motive which united them remains, and should never be forgotten. On this day, and the ever memorable fourth of July, we will, as one people, and with one heart, renew the bond of friend- ship, rendered sacred by a remembrance of the days when together we met, fought, and conquered, on American ground, the enemy of both nations. Those days of battle, privations, and sacrifices, have produced an abundant harvest — the sun of freedom shines over the immense extent we inhabit. 8 and warms with its rays, more than ten millions of freemen. Every citizen sits in peace under his own vine— his altar and his fireside surrounded and pro- tected by laws, which it is his pride to uphold and support — laws which have heeu consecrated on the altar of freedom and independence-— his political rights are not narrowed by aristocratical distinctions ■ — his conscience is not. dictated to by an established hierarchy— an equality of laws secures him against oppression, and an equality of privileges opens to merit the certain avenue to honor and reward. The foolish theory, that republican governments are unable to sustain themselves, falls prostrate be- fore the doctrine of experience. The philosophy of our Franklins, our Jeffersons, and our Adams's, the bravery of our Washingtons and our Warrens — the undaunted courage and untired perseverance of our citizens during the time, " which tried men's souls," gave a good earnest of what might be expected from the Decaturs, Jacksons, and Browns, of later days. The battles of Bunker-Hill, Saratoga, Trenton, and Yorktown, have been refought at Erie, Champlain, New-Orleans, and Baltimore. Republics have proved themselves lit for peace— fit for war. In the one, they outrival their adversaries and cotemporaries in diplo- matic address, and a knowledge of the arts of go- verning—in the other, they conquer their enemies by valour and virtue. The land of freedom extends from Mexico to Ca- nada, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, present- 9 ing a surface sufficient to support the population of Europe. Liberty loses nothing by communication ; like the sun, it emits rays, numberless as they are ex- Iiaustless, and like that great luminary, it shines alike on the diamond, " whether it sparkles on the crown of royalty, or slumbers on the cross of the pilgrim ;' 3 it sheds its influence and its blessings on all alike who do not reject them. We have then no motive to wish for its exclusive favors — -we cannot be less free because others are also free. It is our interest, it is our wish, that liberty should be co-extensive with the world. The Goddess has taken up her residence with us, and ere long, carried on the wings of our Eagle, bearing our national fasces, and lighted by the American stars, these emblems of strength, union, and light, she will carry the example of our country over every part of the Western World ? and then throughout the globe. IF WE ARE TO HAVE A MILLENNIUM, THE WORLD MUST FIRST BE FREE AND REPUBLICAN. It is a matter of surprise to me that there is yet one spot of North America which slavery claims as her own. Our Canadian neighbours are worthy of being free, and will be so ; the treatment of them by their Anglo rulers is not unlike those acts of our Royal Governors, which form a prominent cause of our complaints contained in the declaration of Inde- pendence. The late spirited resolves of the people of Canada bear no little affinity to those which imme- diately preceded our battle of Lexington. The peo- 9 pie of Canada sigh for freedom— the seed is sown— * already it grows— the saplin will be a tree — A TREE OF LIBERTY, which will overshadow whatever is habitable of our Northern continent. The mild and prudent policy of our government has bought freedom for Florida, and sent liberty un- stained with blood, and unsullied by crime, to the borders of Mexico. Liberty is fast striding over the Spanish provinces of the South — Buenos Ayres and Chili are free. To render the remaining provinces equally so, requires but the subsiding of some petty and local feuds which have their rise in ignorance, misconception, or ambition. The despised Ferdi- nand is without resources to carry on war — 20,000 men, assembled on the Spanish coast, are without pay or subsistence, and without the prospect of being conveyed to their destination in South America — al- ready they desert, and return to their homes. The royal power in America is nearly extinct, and consists principally, or wholly, of those natives or re- sidents, who, acting under the authority of the King, lived upon the fat of the land, and extorted from enslaved subjects the means of enriching themselves —the hopes even of these harpies are nearly at an end— they gradually skulk into the independent ranks, and become patriots from necessity. The battle of Maipo broke the spirits and dissolved the hopes of the Royalists. Soon shall we hail all Americans as brethren' and freemen—from the frozen clime above Hudson's Bay to the stormy regions of Cape Hon n no slave will be found — no tyrant to impose his 1113k natural decrees ; the new world will give laws and liberty to the old ! The last thirty years of the his- tory of the Old World exhibit much to excite the astonishment of the sage and statesman, and to awaken the speculations of the philosopher, intent on the progressive well being of man, and devoted to the interests which are best calculated to secure it* The changes that have taken place within that period have commanded the awe, and fixed the attention of the world, whether seen in the desolating overwhelm- ing march of military power, or the subtle, silent, blasting influence of Machiavelian policy. Disastrous to our race have been the calamities that have ensued ; tremendous the revolutions that have assailed and jeopardized their happiness. In reviewing the pre- sent situation of the powers of Europe, and averting to the course of their apparent policy, have we not strong reasons to believe that ere long the thunders shall fall that have so long been gathering ? Can we believe that the people will tamely acquiesce in the complete demolition of political institutions, the works of patriots and of sages, consecrated and endeared by their usefulness ? Can we trust to pro- mises of moderation from despots ? The empire of the Czar is one that has within the memory of the present generation been introduced within the pale of the European community. 1 will say nothing parti** cularly of the extent of its dominions, and of the mil- lions that both in Asia and Europe bow the knee te> the Russian Emperor. 'Tis certain the undisguised measures of his government are such as cannot re- main unobserved, or their tendency misunderstood. Europe cannot regard without apprehension the man- ning of his fleets, and the general augmentation of his naval means. We will ere long discover how sa- cred are the bonds that bind the Russian Emperor to the Holy Alliance— how unquestionably pacific were the motives that led him to the execution of that novel and mysterious instrument. We have learned what confidence is to be placed in the professions of princes—what reliance on their promises of modera- tion and of peace. And what shall we say of the il- lustrious, the humbled, house of Austria ? — -oh ! how fallen from her commanding rank — how despoiled of her power — how robbed of the diadems with which ages had enriched her. Who can contemplate with- out melancholy emotion him whose sceptre was swayed by Charlemagne and Charles V. ; they were the arbiters and sovereigns of Europe ; he is the go- vernor of an inconsiderable territory ; the annals of the world no where furnish so solemn an instance of princely degradation, of imperial declension. The princes of the Germanic body have renounced his au- thority, and become sovereign and independent. I cannot believe it probable that a prince of descent so illustrious will cherish sentiments sincerely pacific, under circumstances of the most painful humiliation. Though a state of inactivity, (for it is not tran- lity,) at present exists in France, we have no security for the future peace in that country ; her. fetters have been removed ; the army of occupation is withdrawn — France is herself again ; and I shall not be surprised if ere long she may wish to repay the friendly visit she has been honored with by the allied army. France will not, I am convinced, from a just view of her national character, continue passive after the violation of her soil, and the curtailment of her territory. To recover what, in this respect, she had lost, was the ostensible object of her last effort. It will, at no distant period, be made with her an object final and indispensable. She may not stop here ; but, rising in her might and strength from the inglorious apathy in which she had been bound, the remembrance of former victories would animate her soldiery, and from their recent hu- miliation, an irresistible impulse will be found to dis- pute again with Austria and Prussia the GLORIES OF JENA AND OF AUSTERLITZ. I cannot be- lieve but that such a country as France, of a popula- tion ardent, dauntless, and patriotic, and who have so often been led in the resistless career of victory, will, ere long, start from her lethargy, and maddening at the foot that hostilely trampled on the integrity of her soil, draw on her associated foes the fell sword of vengeance and retribution. In the affairs of England a crisis seems approach- ing ; not one to raise her — she has already reached her zenith— she became the mistress of the ocean* — 14 her commerce covered the waters of the world — she possessed nearly every valuable island — she holds a World in the East Indies — but how changed ! The American tars have unlocked the ocean. America, Russia, and even France, put in their claims to com- merce, and threaten to become manufacturers — the na- tional bank no longer pays money — the national debt is enormous — taxation insufferably oppressive — a great proportion of the people are become paupers ; while those who can, emigrate to our happy land. The loyalty of Englishmen is reduced to the stan- dard of reason; they love their country, and the Biore so, because it owes its greatness to their un- wearied industry and ingenuity; but they are tired of Castlereagh and of Canning; — they owe no alle- giance to tyrants — no respect to those whose miscon- duct will produce the crisis that must foe near at hand. And what shall we say of Ireland ! — the days of her splendour are past — her name and fame are alike suspended — her songs of merriment have become sighs of sadness : — " The harp that once through Tara'-s halls^ The soul of music shed, Now hangs as mute on Tara's walls^ As if that soul was fled." jjret, though humbled, her sons are proud ; though robbed, they are rich ; though manacled and de- graded, they are Milesian. 15- la vain has the Sassenagh endeavoured to dena- tionalize the Irishman — in vain has he tried to barba- rize the natives — in vain has he warred against the Irishman's language — denounced his customs, or at- tempted to make him forget himself; and, above all, has he failed to make the sons of the Emerald Isle — - English !— Seven centuries of persecution have not damped their love of country — seven centuries of slavery have not made the natives savages. The Irish language has outlived twenty ages of inter- diction. The national habits and original customs remain, so whole — so unsophisticated — -that they stand evidence? as strong as holy writ, in confutation of the aspersions and errors of modern libellers and false historians. The history of the times was kept for many cen- turies with accuracy and minute attention. The national Fes, or Triennial Parliament, instituted about nine hundred years before the Christian era 9 and soon after the Milesian migration, attended spe- cially and with ceremonious forms to the preservation of the historical annals of the kingdom. The na- tional heralds were men of the greatest erudition* of the most tried virtue, and approved patriotism ; they were liberally paid by the nation, and could re- tain confidence only by deserving it ; the records un- derwent the severest scrutiny by select committees, and afterwards publicly by the entire Fes ; if an error occurred it did not escape detection ; every thing- doubtful was expunged ; they were finally transcribed into the Register of Tarsu 16 ft was the policy of the British to destroy these records, and they too well succeeded ; but they could not he entirely effaced from the memory. The material facts have been handed down by oral tra- dition, with an accuracy and uniformity which must entitle them to credit. In the absence of every tra- dition, and of every record, we would yet read the nation's history in the character of its; present natives : their language is the same spoken by the Phoenicians more than three thousand years ago ; their manners and characteristic customs con be traced to a like origin. A colony of Phoenicians brought the use of letters into Spain, and the sons of Miiesius brought it to Ireland. Her numerous colleges were eviden- ces of civilization and learning, unknown in Britain ; the inhabitants of which were represented by the historians of the first Christian century as little bet- ter than barbarians. It was the interest of British governors and historians to blot from history, and, if possible, from memory, facts, which would by com- parison be so unfavourable to themselves. The Milesian migration is the event on which An- glo historians have specially dwelt with a view to disprove it ; yet, even ingenuity cannot invent any ar- gument of weight. The impossibility of such a voyage in so early an age is strongly relied on. Be- fore the fifteenth century the art of navigation un- derwent little improvement. At that period, Colum- bus drew the eyes of the world on him, by performing a voyage over a sea of immense extent. A previous attempt to navigate the Atlantic, by a clue west course. 17 had been abandoned as impracticable ; yet Columbus did cross it in safety, and performed a voyage more difficult and dangerous than that of Milesius. From Spain to Ireland it was possible to coast it, or keep within sight of land ; and if land had been lost sight of, its situation could scarcely be mistaken, and it might be easily regained*, But why not prefer to land in France or England ? Without a positive history of all the views and re- lations of the Spaniards with their neighbours, and With other nations, the question must remain un- answered ; nor is it material to establish more of history than the migration itself. It is possible that the relations between Spain and her French neigh- bours Were not sufficiently amicable. Milesius might have landed in Britain, and, disgusted by the man- ners, or driven off by the inhospitality of the natives^ pursued his voyage to a better or more hospitable land. He had possibly found the Britons of that day to be what their descendants were described by Csesar in ten centuries thereafter, " Feros inhospl- tesque." It is fact that the Milesian migration from Spain to Ireland did take place about one thousand years before the Christian era; the emigrants were, and their descendants now are, brave, courteous., and hospitable ; lovers of their country ; proud of ancestry ; lovers of letters, and emulators in prac- tices of virtue. The Irish monarchy, which was elective, continued, although in different families, of Milesian descent, until the time of the British in- vasion. It is an historical fact that, during the rergri of Elizabeth, the title to the crown of Ireland was maintained on the presumption (a false one however,) that the monarch was descended from a Spaniard, who brought a colony of his countrymen to Ireland before the time of Milesius. This is an admission of the possibility of migration from Spain to Ireland. If we have seen the people of Ireland during a period of two thousand years, composing a civilized and philosophic nation, promoting the art of govern- ment with prudence and success ; carrying their sword triumphantly across the ocean ; intimidating by their prowess and skill those who would fain in- vade them, and punishing the temerity of those who dared to attempt it ; if we have seen them diffusing learning and piety over a great portion of the known world ; sending teachers and religious missionaries to England, France, and other countries ; opening their numerous colleges and seminaries gratuitously to all foreigners who sought for education — how la- mentable the change which followed ; how base the historian that would blacken so fair a page ; how un- grateful the return that would make them slaves. The limits to which I ought to confine myself must, at present, leave untold the feats and virtues of Irishmen, the history of early Ireland ; and I must leave to be collected from that history, the events which followed the British invasion, with the excep- tion of such few remarks as your indulgence will- permit me to observe on~ In the twelfth century, Henry the II. of England, taking advantage of a dispute then existing between two Irish chiefs, accepted the invitation of one of them to take a part in the contest ; the history of this transaction presents no bad elucidation of the moral characters of the nations and their rulers. Dermod, King of Leinster, a man of voluptuous and infamous character, induced the wife of 0'Rcurke ? King of Breffeny, to elope with him. The national indignation was quickly roused. The chief mo- narch, Roderick O'Connor, espoused the cause of the injured. The infamous Dermod, deserted even by his own people, fled to Henry II. then in France ; he laid his crown and himself at Henry's feet. Ar- rangements were privately made between these two bad men for the invasion of Ireland, which took place soon afterwards, unexpected by the inhabitants. From such a beginning nothing good could be ex- pected, nothing: good did arise. The crime of Der- mod, which excited such general indignation in the twelfth century, is equally detested by the Irish of this day, as evidently appears from the late case of Guthrie against Sterne, which drew forth so strongly the public odium, and gave to the young barrister, Phillips, an opportunity to display his powerful, une- qualled eloquence. The conduct of Henry was eruej to his enemies, faithless to his friends, treacherous to all; he raised a nation in arms against him, and brought on himself and successors centuries of inqui- etude and war* Among those who opposed Henry with violent courage was the unfortunate O'Rourke* During the reign of Henry, the British had no com- mand beyond the pale which separated the conquered from the unconquered country. Before the reformation, a period of nearly 400 years, there could be no difference on the score of re- ligion ; the people of both islands professed the same. The same spirit of persecution which disgraced the after ages, was, however, maintained towards Ireland. The people were first persecuted because they were Irish ; they were afterwards persecuted because they were papists. They were first persecuted through fear of themselves, and afterwards through a pre- tended fear of the Pope; first, because they would not bow to an usurper, and then, because they would bow to their God ! Is there one listening to me who resided in Ireland during the latter years of the past century ? If there is, 1 would ask him, were not free quarters to a licentious soldiery common ? Did they not destroy the properties, and even lives, of the in- habitants ? Did they not commit crimes at which humanity shudders, which history is unwilling to re- cord, and at which modesty shrinks from a recital ; are there not many of those here present who, in their own times, have seen their friends and countrymen, the innocent as well as the guilty, flying before an infuriated military and indemnified magistrates, hiding themselves in mountains, bogs, and caves, without any nourishment to subsist on, but the spontaneous productions of the soil ? m The reigns of sixteen monarchs who ruled before the reformation, heaped upon Ireland all possible ca- lamities ; the violence of their proceedings were fully equalled by those of fourteen monarchs (including Cromwell,) who ruled since the reformation ; religion had really nothing to do with the business ; it was a. mere pretext. The sacrilegious impudence which could set up the bible as the authority for persecution and robbery, and call on heaven to sanction violence and murder, cannot go without its reward. The people of Ireland, like the people of America, would not of themselves hate each other on account of a difference in religious tenets, nor war against each other for differing in the manner of worshipping their God ! Before this bane shall rest upon our country we must exchange our Munroe for a Prince Regent ? our Adams for a Castlereagh, our Jackson for a Lutrel- — a titled Carhampton, Before and after the reformation, misfortunes were alike the portion of Ireland, she was persecuted by protestant kings, and betrayed by catholic kings. The revolution of 1688, which was to bring peace and mild government to all his Majesty, King Wil- liam's, subjects, brought no peace — no happiness to Ireland. It commenced with a violation of the articles of Limerick, and in its progress, the subjects were robbed of their representative franchises. The reign of George the 111. robbed Ireland of its par- liament, and reduced it from nominal independence to the state of a dependent colony. What is the si- 22 tuatioii of Ireland under George the III ? Confis- cations, house-burnings, free quarters, man selling, imprisonment without accusation, transportations without trials, packing juries, breaking treaties, in- demnifying magistrates, transplanting the catholics Into Connaught, as Cromwell did of old. The bravery of the people in a late attempt to free their country, deserves eulogium-r-it is above it— it transcends my power to attempt, and it cannot be expected I could give you the volume of interesting facts connected therewith. I would, however, rescue the national character from the foul charge, that an Irishman's greatest enemies were his own country- men ; this originated with the enemy, and is not true. Ireland had her O'Brien and her Reynolds, but Ire- land was more united, more true to herself, than any other nation with whose history we are acquaint- ed. Ireland had her million of United Irishmen; let her enemies say how many, or rather how few, were the numbers of her traitors.* * In illuridation of my assertion, I gladly give place to the following cir- cumstance, which has been late'y communicated to me. It was in the early part of the year 1796, when two officers and nine men proceeded to break up a private distillery near a place called Cascarigan, in the county of Leitrim, Ireland. The seizing party was one of those petty •corps called police ; their duty was to aid in suppressing private distilleries) and generally in enforcing the Revenue Laws ; the service was often severe and always dangerous ; it, therefore, required men of desperate courage to perform it, and such were the persons selected for the occasion ; they were minute men, officered " a la militaire," perfectly subordinate to their com- manders, fully armed, and in uniform ; they were little armies that kept the country in perpetual disquiet, or alarm. The still hunters, eleven in number, arrived at tiie dibtillcry-j it belonged to a person of the name of Muldoon, 23 The host of men who signalized themselves in that contest and whose names are honorably connected with the appellation of United Irishmen, must now remain without particular mention ; in the attempt, injustice must be done to some, for who can remem- ber all, and selection is impossible. Who will not sympathize in the feeling of respect and admiration which their virtue and their valour universally excites ? They are men whom this whole nation, nay? whom the good and the wise of all nations delight to honor. In the defence of their country, scorning the inglorious terms proposed them, they valiantly fought and gloriously died. Bestowing thus their who, in preservation of his little all, dared to resist the seizure ; he became the victim of his rash intrepidity and instantly lay a corpse at the feet of these merciless executors of the law. Of the particulars of the engagement which followed hereupon, but few details can be here given. The friends and neigh- bours of Muldoon quickly assembled to avenge his murder, without fire arms, or other means of defence than such as they accidentally found, and quickly grasped — the foe fell — the eleven men died ; not one remained to tell the tale. This happened in a thickly inhabited neighbourhood ; hundreds mast have witnessed, or have been actors in this affair. As might be expect- ed, active measures were taken to discover the killers of the police ; a perse- cution followed the first failure, to unravel the transaction ; it was a severe one ; one that involved all the friends of Muldoon in total ruin. For two years, the storm raged ; a district, extending two miles on every side of Muldoon's cabbih-j was in some degree laid waste, every house was visited by the inquisitors, numbers were arrested ; men, women, and children, were driven to gaol, or guard houses; bribery, persuasion, threat, and torture, were fried without effect. A prisoner who carried about him the proof of his participation in the bailie, (the wound of a musket ball,) underwent the ordeal, and was found dead in the river on the morning after his arrest. The faith of Irishmen was not to be shook, the secret outlived every effort to discover it ; tired persecution at le.njth ssught repose, and further inquiry wr$s disc'oft- *iline