^f^'Oj, "^ *4 S Author Titie Imprint. 16—47372-2 OPO BULLETIN OF THE EXTENSION DIVISION, INDIANA UNIVERSITY, Application made for entry as second-class mail matter at the post-office at Bloomington, Indiana, under the act ^of August 24, 1912. Published monthly from the University office, Bloomington, Indiana. Vol. IV BLOOMINGTON, IND. No. 7 Visual Instruction Rules for Borrowers, Catalog of Sets, and Sug- gestions for Use of Lantern Slides and Exhibits MARCH, 1919 Contents Prefatory Note — page Visual Instruction 4 Announcements • 4 Motion Pictures 4 Art Exhibits 5 Topical Exhibits 5 Lantern Slides — Material Lent 6 Rules for Borrowers 6 Catalog of Lantern Slide Sets 8 Suggestions for Use 12 n. of D. JUL 8 1919 (2) 0^^ University Extension Every community has problems which it cannot meet successfully alone. Most organizations within a community depend in some degree on outside agencies to increase the effectiveness of the work done. Inter- dependence is an increasingly dominant characteristic of the community and the state. Consequently one of the functions of University Extension is to facilitate the process of mutual aid, to make available to communities desiring them the resources at the command of the University, to cooper- ate with the community in developing its local resources, and to create if possible jiew resources to meet certain new demands. In accordance with this function the Division conducts the Extension Teaching Sei'vice and the Public Welfare Service. The Extension Teaching Service includes correspondence-study, class-study, club-study, and lecture courses. The Public Welfare Ser- vice includes collecting and lending package libraries and material for visual instruction ; organizing and directing institutes, surveys, confer- ences, public discussion leagues, and extension centers ; giving cooperative assistance to clubs, civic societies, public boards and commissions, and other community agencies. These activities are designed to assist in- dividuals and communities of the state in the solution of some of their problems and in the furtherance of the general welfare. Address all communications to The Extension Division, Indiana University, . ' Bloomington, Ind. (3) Prefatory Note Visual Instruction. The Public "Welfare Service of the Indiana Uni- versity Extension Division aims to develop the work of visual instruction so as to furnish an increasingly varied and valuable equipment for the use of schools, libraries, and clubs whenever they require illustrative material as a supplement to regular instruction or as a part of a program of entertainment. This aim recognizes the desirability of extending the instructional facilities of schools and other organizations to include mater- ials not easily obtainable by them individually, and the desirability, also, of contributing to the growing tendency toward community provision for noncommercial entertainment. Just as maps, illustrations in textbooks, and various kinds of speci- mens and instruments in laboratories are necessities in well-conducted schools of the present day, so the time is coming when lantern slides, motion pictures, paintings, and topical panel exhibits will be common as necessary instruments of regular instruction. So also community organ- izations, aided by the University and other public agencies, will increase their efforts to secure concerts, dramatic productions, illustrated lectures, travelogues, and other entertainment for the common benefit. Such tendencies working for the enrichment of community life may well be encouraged. It is hoped that the material of visual instruction provided by the Public Welfare Service may help in the improvement of both school instruction and community entertainment. Announcements. This bulletin gives details concerning the lending of lantern slides. Other printed matter, which vdll be furnished upon re- quest, describes more fully the topical exhibits and art exhibits which are lent under substantially the same rules as lantern slides. Borrowers are urged to write the Extension Division offering criticism and definite suggestions for the improvement of the service. Further, the expansion of the service, by additions to the collections on hand and by measures for more extensive lending, is directly conditioned by the interest and demand on the part of the borrowers. Large additions to the collection of lantern slides will not be made unless borrowers use frequently the sets already prepared. Actual use of the material of visual instruction is the best gauge of expansion. If the material lent by the Extension Division is useful it will help if bor- rowers will make the fact knowTi. Accordingly, blanks for reporting the use made of visual instruction material are sent to borrowers. In every case such blanks should be carefully filled out and returned to the Uni- versity. Motion Pictures. The Extension Division discontinued its motion picture service in 1917. Nearly three years of service demonstrated that (4) Visual Instruction ^ there was a growing appreciation of the value of the film in education and community development and also that the demand for adequate pic- tures could not easily be met. No one institution in a smgle state can furnish sufficient films of a high type unless it has large sums of money available or has the support of some nation-wide service. The Federal Division of Educational Extension, created by President Wilson to salvage educational materials produced during the war, has laid the foundation for a national visual instruction service. When the plans are completed motion picture service for Indiana will probably be resumed. Art Exhibits. The Extension Division has for two years circulated twenty-five art exhibits which were secured from the Fine Arts Depart- ment of the University and from the Indiana Art Club, an organization created by the Federation of Women's Clubs and the Public Library Com- mission. Descriptions of the exhibits and rules for borrowing will be furnished upon request. Topical Exhibits. Panel exhibits consisting of large framed and un- framed charts with bold lettering, photographs, and cartoons are lent by the Extension Division. They present in a striking manner various sub- jects of direct concern to any community and serve effectively as a back- ground for lectures, conferences, and campaigns for health and civic im- provement. Some of the subjects are child welfare, play and recreation, school activities, and public health. Lantern Slides Lantern slides have long been used both for entertainment and in- struction. Their cost, however, has limited their use considerably. Even systems of rental prove too expensive in the long run, at least for organ- izations which have no large funds available for such a purpose. More- over, commercial companies are net in a position to prepare sets best suited to educational use. Consequently the Extension Division has col- lected a variety of lantern slides, carefully selected and arranged, to lend at a minimum expense to borrowers in the state. MATERIAL LENT Sources. The lantern slides lent thru the Extension Division have been collected from three different sources : from University departments, from commercial or industrial firms, and from general welfare agencies, the last group purchased either by sets or by single slide. Since many of the sets are available thru the courtesy of the Geology, English, His- tory, Astronomy, and Latin Departments of the University and are at times in demand for classroom use, they must be handled much as re- served collections of books are handled by libraries; that is, they may not be circuited and must be promptly returned by borrowers on demand of the Extension Division. As rapidly as time and money will permit, the collection of slides prepared and owned by the Extension Division will be increased and arrangements made to circuit the sets so as to reduce the expense of transportation. Character. Some of the slides, notably the scenic views, are beautiful- ly colored. Other slides are uncolored partly because no hand-painting can do justice to the object or scene photographed and because usually a plain negative serves best for demonstration purposes. Notes. Most of the sets are accompanied by lecture notes and biblio- graphies. A copy of "Apollo: An Illustrated Manual of the History of Art thruout the Ages" by S. Reinach will be sent vdth lantern slides illustrating painting and sculpture. Requests for slides should be made long enough before the date for exhibition so that notes, bibliographies, and other reference material may be forwarded to the borrower in ample time to enable him to make thoro preparation. RULES FOR BORROWERS Borrowers. Any responsible representative of a school, library, club, or other organization in Indiana may borrow lantern slides upon applica- tion to the Extension Division. (6) Visual Instruction ^ Time. The slides are lent for a period of time sufficient for exhibit- ion; they may be borrowed for one week including the time occupied in transit. An extension of time will be granted if application is made promptly and no other borrowers are inconvenienced. Department slides are subject to recall at any time. Expense. The only cost for the service is the transportation charge from and to the University. In case of shipment to another borrower the slides may be sent collect when instruction to that effect is received from the Extension Division. In cases of circuiting, an attempt is always made to apportion the cost of shipment. Breakage. Borrowers are also required to pay the cost of replacing broken slides. Record is kept of the condition of the slides when shipped out and a card duplicate of the record mailed to the borrower. This card with a statement of the condition of the slides upon packing for return shipment should be sent back with the slides. Breakage in transit seldom occurs, but borrowers are urged to protect themselves by securing a statement from the express agent in case of damage. Loss. Frequently borrowers fail to return the full number of slides in a set. Often the last slide used is left in the carrier and forgotten. Packing. Specific directions for packing and shipping are sent with the slides. Notification. It is important that borrowers notify the Extension Di- vision immediately upon receiving lantern slides and at the time of re- shipment. This is not only a matter of courtesy but it is also essential to the successful tracing and checking of slides. Use Restricted. Lantern slides must be used under public auspices for the good of the community. Slides may not be rented to others. Slides must not be used on any occasion when an admission fee is charged. (Exception is made when a school undertakes to purchase a projector and must secure the money by charging admission to enter- tainments given by the use of slides.) Catalog of Lantern Slide Sets Upon inquiry for one definite set by subject a list of the slides in that set will be sent with notes and bibliography. It is impracticable to supply complete lists of all the slides in the collection. The sets as given by subject are not final classifications. Subjects not listed can be adequately illustrated by judicious selection of slides from various sets. For instance, such a subject as neighborhood improve- *^ ment can be illustrated by slides now grouped under city planning, school 5a^ activities, and other subjects. When new sets are purchased during the year, supplements to the catalog will be sent to borrowers. The figures at the left indicate set subjects, those at the right in parentheses the number of slides illustrating the subjects or phases of them. The names given after some titles indicate the sources of the sets or the authors of lecture notes. Sets marked with an asterisk (*) have complete lecture notes, either typewritten or printed. Architecture and Sculpture — 1. French Gothic Architecture and Sculpture (41). 2. Greek and Roman Architecture and Sculpture (39). 3. Medieval English Architecture (21), (A. M. Brooks, Fine Arts Department) . 4. Medieval Castles (20)*, (S. B. Harding). Canadian Views — 5. Canada — Geography and Industries (97)*, (Canadian Pacific Railway) . Child Welfare — 6. Care of Babies (48), (Federal Children's Bureau) . 101. Care of Babies and Older Children (75), (Mrs. Edna Hatfield Edmondson) . 37. Play and Recreation (48), (George E. Schlafer, Extension Division). 104. Public Health and Hygiene (50). City Planning — 7. City Planning (55)*, (W. A. Rawles, Economics Department). 8. Housing and Sanitation (88). 61. Paris (100)*, (University of Wisconsin). 38. Playgrounds (35), (Narragansett Machine Company). 40. School Development (94)*. 59. Streets of London (50)*, (H. T. Stephenson, English Depart- ment) . 42. The Social Center (93)*, (E. J. Ward, University of Wis- consin). 43. Town and City Beautification (58)*, (S. Josephine Strange). (8) Visual Instruction Civics — 58. Process of Legislation in Indiana (30)*, (John A. Lapp) = Community Centers — 39. Community Schoolhouses (65)*, (W. S. Bittner, Extension Division). 42. The Social Center (93)*. Community Improvem,ent — 39. Community Schoolhouses (65)*. 40. School Development (93)*. 44. The Fly (57)*, (International Harvester Company). 41. The New Era (71)*, (W. H. Dudley, Extension Division, Uni- versity of Wisconsin). 42. The Social Center (93)*. 43. Town and City Beautification (58)*. Community Singing — 60. Community Songs (73), (George E. Schlafer, Extension Di- vision). English Literature — 10. Chaucer (22), (H. T. Stephenson, English Department). 11. Eighteenth Century Literature (55). 12. Elizabethan Theatres (22). 9. Robert Burns (26), (English Department). 13. Shakspere's Plays I (60)*. 14. Shakspere's Plays II (49)*. 15. Shakspere's Life and Times I (51)*. 16. Shakspere's Life and Times II (49)*. Exposition — 17. Panama Pacific Exposition (59)*. Geography, General and Commercial — 5. Canada — Geography and Industries (97)*. France (19)*. Italian Views (13)*, (C.A.Payne). Japanese Views (93)*. Meat Packing (65)*, (Swift and Company), Mexico and South America (40). Miscellaneous War Slides (72)*. New York (18). New York to Niagara (37)*. Paris (100)*. Regional Geography (75). Streets of London (50)*. The Western States (40). Willow Work (25) *. Work of the Forest Service (50)*, (U.S. Forest Service). Wood Lot (15). 85. 88. 56. 23. 107. 90. 111. 18. 61. 102. 59. 108. 55. 77. 78. History- 70. 20. 22. American History (13)*. Before the French Revolution (45), (History Department). Early Cretan History (27)*, (S. B. Harding). 10 Bulletin of the Extension Division 21. French Revolution (51). 19. Indiana History (59)*, (Logan Esarey, History Department). 4. Medieval Castles (20)*. 106. Peace Conference (50)*. 96. The President's Words Illustrated (26). 71. War Maps (21), (W. W. Black, School of Education). Industry — 24. Maxwell Motor Company (7). 23. Meat Packing (65)*. 55. Willow Work (25)*. Japanese Views — 56.' Japanese Views (93)*. Latin — 109. Caesar (25), (Latin Department). 103. Roman Life (50)*, (S. E. Stout, Latin Department). 25. Virgil's Aeneid (40)*, (E. A. Menk, Latin Department). Painting — 27. Early Italian Painting (24), (Fine Arts Department).. 28. German, Flemish, and Dutch Painting (18). 26. Italian Painting (29). Physiography and Geology^ 30. Erosin (42), (Geology Department). 31. Glaciers (40), (E.R. Cumings, Geology Department).- 32. Lakes and Shores (20). 110. Mountains, Italian Views (40). 36. Volcanoes (39). Play and Recreation f.or the Community — 37. Play and Recreation (48). 38. Playgrounds (35)*, (W. S. Bittner, Extension Division). 40. School Development (93)*. 39. Schoolhouses for the Community (65)*. 42. The Social Center (93)*. Schools and Rural Life — 39. Community Schoolhouses (64)*. 104. Public Health and Hygiene (50). 40. School Development (94)*. 105. School Sanitation (50). 41. The New Era (71)*. 42. The Social Center (93)*. University Views — 46. Indiana University (54), (J. W. Cravens, Registrar). War Slides — 66. Aeroplane Work (26)*, (Committee on Public Information). 79. After the War— What? (54)*, (University of California). 80. American History (13)*. 81. Balloons (16)*. 82. Camp Life (22)*. 83. Collegesin the War (30)*. 65. European War (57)*. Visual Instruction 11 84. Events in the War for January, 1918 (34)*. 85. France (19)*. 86. German War Practices (75). 87. In the Trenches (20)*. 88. Italian Views (13)*, (C. A. Payne). 89. Lucien Jonas Prints (15)*. 90. Miscellaneous War Slides (72)*. 91. On the Firing Line (16). 61. Paris (100)*. 106. Peace Conference (50). 92. Posters and Cartoons (11). 93. Ruined Churches of France (50)*. 62. Ruthless Warfare (75). 94. Ships (14). 95. Tanks and Guns (26)*. 96. The President's Words Illustrated (26) *. 63. U.S. Army (50)*. 64. U.S. Navy (49)*. 97. War Maps and Personages (31), 98. Women in the War (23)*. 99. Y.M.C.A. and Red Cross (21)*. Welfare Work — - 46. Battle Creek Sanitarium (12), 47. Health (30), (Metropolitan Insurance Couipciny) . Western Views — 52. On the Chicago and Northwestern (6) , (C. and N.W. Railroad) . 48. . On the Union Pacific (24)*, (Union Pacific Railroad). 53. * The Grand Canyon (31)*, (Santa Fe Railroad). 51. Views of Railroad Bridge Construction (12)*, (Pennsylvania Railroad) . 50. Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, etc. (21)*. 49. Yellowstone National Park (100)*, (Union Pacific Railroad).. 54. Yosemite Park (31)*. SUGGESTIONS FOR USE Method. For irstruction or entertainment lantern slides serve the purpose best when the exhibitor spends time and effort in study of the subject he presents, and is thoroly familiar with the individual pictures in the set. For class use in schools it is advisable that the pictures be made the basis of definite exercises on the part of the pupils. "Long experience has proved that the child learns most quickly such subjects as are classified under the general term of geography, first, by seeing the actual places, people, or industries; second, by seeing an ac- curate representation of them by means of stereographs or prints; third, by hearing a vivid oral description. What he gleans from the printed page comes last in educational value." For community centers, clubs, and other organizations not specifically educational, lantern slides may serve a useful purpose. They make it possible for individuals in the community to furnish entertainment with little expense, and bring variety into the yearly program without the necessity of securing speakers elsewhere. ^ 12 Bulletin of the Extension Division Equipment. Projection apparatus should be simple, for complicated adjustments mean constant care to keep them in order. For classroom instruction the lantern should be readily portable to save time and trouble for the teachers. Such apparatus can be secured. Sources of Light. The best light for projection is the electric — either the arc light or the nitrogen-filled bulb. If electricity is not available compressed acetylene from a prestolite tank will furnish a fairly satisfactory light. A two-jet burner will give, good results; a burner with pastil attachment gives added light. Prest- olite tanks can be exchanged when empty and full ones obtained at a. cost of from $2.50 to $3.75, depending upon the size of the tank. Screen. A screen should be opaque and dead white, since light which passes thru may be reflected unevenly from surfaces behind the screen, and such light is, of course, wasted so far as projection purposes are concerned. For classroom use a large screen is not desirable; one six feet by six feet on a spring roller is serviceable. Darkening Rooms. Special preparation for darkening a classroom is in many cases unnecessary if a strong electric current is available. When extra shades are required they should be hung as a wide window shade from center to center of the casing. Cost of Projection Outfit. Particular inquiries concerning the cost of equipment and the best type of projector will be answered as com- pletely as possible. The foregoing suggestions and the following ap- proximate prices are meant to serve as an answer to general inquiries: Lantern, including electric lamp and rheostat $30.00 to $150.00 Scr--en .' • • 2.50 to 32.00 Screen Standard 6.00 to 16.00 Prestolite Tank , 8.50 to 15.00 A lantern should throw an image which is sharp in every part. To determine uniformity of detail use a map or outline slide with small let- tering at the center and. near the corners. A lens which does not give such a flat field should be rejected. Anyone contemplating the purchase of an outfit should write for catalogs and full information to several re- liable firms. A list of such firms will be furnished upon request. Motion Picture Projectors. While motion pictures will soon become the chief vehicle of visual instruction, lantern slides will long hold an important place. A school which can afford a motion picture projector can also make good use of a stereopticon. Tho the two apparatus can be obtained in combination, it is highly desirable to have a separate stere- opticon equipment, since the latter is most serviceable when it is light, compact, and easily transportable. Information concerning motion picture projectors and sources of films will be furnished upon request. Address all communications to THE EXTENSION DIVISION, INDIANA UNIVERSITY, Bloomington, Indiana^