[rr X2XIXI GUIDES 2 TO a YEARS BEHIND. 1 < -\ -KHIM'S- N ;n XZXZZZ2X22XX2ZZX2ZZX2ZXiik^ WASHINGTON^ ^^° MOUNT VERIffON M ;zzrzxxzixzxixxxxixxxzx«xiizxxixxrxixzz«N 1 J HOW TO SEE IT. ^^ HTSEER^S GUIDE SLY ILLUSTRATED f the < 1 V md Surrount; i ts of Inturest in the vicinity ot blic building or locality. Engravings of Pub fie Bu WASHINGTON, L; ( KiSX2X;SXZIXXX2XX Pri<( , ?.*r Crnfs. V ^ WASHIIiGM AND MOUNT VERNON, WHAT TO SEE, AND HOW TO SEE IT. A SIGHTSEER'S GUIDE. Copiously Illustrated by a series of consecutively arranged Route- Maps, Diagrams, and Engravings, Directing to, Locating, Representing and Describing Places, Buildings, and Objects of Interest in the Magnificent Governing City of the Nation. By de B. RANDOLPH KEIM, C Washington Correspondent.) Author of "Keim's Hand-Book of Washington and its Environs," "Keiin *s Official and Social Etiquette," etc., etc THIRTY-SECOND EDITION. The Text of this Guide is revised to date. WASHINGTON, D. C. : COPYRIGHT 1893, BY DE B. RANDOLPH KEIM. PRICE, 25 CENTS. WAR DEPARTMENT. . FEB 20 1913 LIBRARV f /■? f 4 Worn) TO Sightseers. This small guide to the National Capitol is the best published, because it is kept revised, to date, in the body of the book and not only on the title page. It is also the most conveniently arranged, having in addition to other features, a reference index to the contents of the work. It also has illustra- tions and descriptions of the latest objects of interest not found in other w^orks. Strangers in the city would do well to examine for themselves, and get a description of the capital and its places of interest as they exist to-day, and as they will be two or three years hence, and not a^ they were three or four years ago. GENERAL INFORMATION. Street Car DiRECT''>RY. — The street railway system of Washington is one of the finest in the country; it affords facilities for reaching or passing, within easy distance, every portion of the city and every object of interest. With the use of the map in this guide, every place of interest can be located. Fare, 5 cents, 6 tickets for 25 cents. Good on all lines. The Washington and Georgetown Railroad extends from West Wash- ington or Georgetown, south-easterly acioss the city, passing through the busine-s ]:)ortions, by the Washington Aqueduct, Statue of Washington, State War and Navy Departm ents, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Executive Mansion, Statues of Lafayette and Jackson, Departments of Justice, and the Treasury; New City Post-Office, Statue of Rawlins, Franklin, Centre Market, and Na- tional Guard Armory, Pa. R. R. Station, Botanic Garden, Naval Monument, the Capitol, Grand Stairway, and Statue of Marshal', Statue of Garfield, House Wing of the Capitol, Coast Survey, National Library Building, and Marine Barracks to the Naval Arsenal gate; distance 5 miles. Branch I inks.— Exchange tickets given; G and 15th Streets, N. W., running north on 14th Street, passing Thomas and Luther Statues to Bound- ary, distance i J^ miles; thence to Mount Pleasant and northern suburl s, 2j5^ miles, every ten minutes, no extra fare. At 7th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue exchange tickets given, extends northward, passing the Departments of the Post Office and Interior (Patent Office,') to Boundary, distance 2 miles. Southward from Pennsylvania Avenue, paswng the National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, the Statue of Henry, Metrical Museum, and Station, Fish Commission to the wharves of the Mount Vernon, Alexandria, and River and Chesapeake Bay Steamers, distance i^ miles. The cable system is in use on this line. Metropolitan Railroad extends from West Washington near George- town College and High Service Reservoir, going east, passes near Oak Hil Cemetery, Statue of Dupont, through the '*Wesi End," by the British Lega tion. Statutes of Farragut, Jackson, McPherson, (near) Department of the In terior, (Patent Office,) General Post Office, Pension Building, Court House Baltimore and Ohio R. R., the Capitol, Senate Wing, Naiional Library, Statue of Green (near) to Lincoln Park and Emancipation Statue, distance, 4^, miles. 1^ transfer 2 (Continued on page 6,) OCT J 1 \^\^ TABLE OF REFERENCES AND INDEX. Agriculture, Uept. of Alexandria Amusements, Places Aqueduct, Washington . . . Arlington and Cemetery. . . Army, Headquarters of. . . Armory, W. L. Infantry . . " National Rifles... Asylum, V^ashington Barracks, Washington Barracks, Marine. Bartholdi Fountain Battle Cemetery Boat Houses Botanic Garden British Legation Cabin-John Bridge Capitol, The Catholic University Chain Bridge Chesapeake & Ohio Canal- Churches . - Clubs Coast & Geodetic Survey. . Columbian University Congressional Cemetery. . . Convent of Visitation Corcoran Gallery of Art . . Court of Claims Court House, U. S Daguerre Memorial Deaf Mute Asyrm& Coll'ge Dupont, Statue of Emancipation, Statue of. . . Engraving & Printing Bur. Executive Mansion Falls of Potomac Farragut, Statue of Fish Ponds, U. S Fish Commission Station. . Fort Myer Fort Stevens Franklin Statue Garfield Statue Garfield Hospital Georgetown LOCATION. The Mall Virginia Directory Rock Creek Virginia War Dept 15th & E Sts , G bet. 9th & loth..., C& 19th sts., s. e Ft. 4>^ St. w , 8bet. G& I, s.e. ... Botanic Garden 7th St. Road , Pa. Ave & 3 St Conn. Av. & N St Maryland Capitol Park N and 4th sts. n. e Maryland W. Washington Stranger's Directory.. . Directory N. J. Ave., s. e 15th & H sts i8th & E sts., s. e 35th & Psts 1 7th & Pa. Ave Dept. of Justice Judiciary Square National Museum .... E end M st., n Conn. Ave. & P st E. Cap. & nth sts ... 15th & B sts. s. w Pre's. Grounds Maryland and Virginia. Conn. Ave. & I st S. of Pres. Park 6 and B sts. s. w Virginia 7th St. Road loth and D sts Penna. Ave N. end nth st W. W ashington 41 68 79 67 67 33 56 53 49 52 27 65 76 27 59 66 9 66 66 59 80 80 52 58 53 59 36 55 44 64 59 54 41 29 66 58 3^ 48 67 66 52 27 62 60 NEAREST STREET CARS. Bell Line. 7th St. Ferry. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G R. R. Met. R. R. W. & G. R. R. 9&7st. branch. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. 7th St. p:xt'd. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. Met. R. R. Aqueduct Rd. W. & G. K. R. E &S. H.R.R. River Road. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. Met. R. R. W. & (;. R. R. Met. R. R. W. &G. R. P. W. & G. R. R. Met. R. K. 7th St. R. R. Met. R. R. Met. R. R. Met. R. R. Belt Line. W. & G. R R. Aqueduct Rd. Met. R. R. Belt I>ine. W. & (\. R. R. W. & G. R. P. W.& G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. 14th St. Cars. W. cV G. R. R. TABLE OF REFERENCES AND INDEX. NAME. LOCATION. PAGE. NEAREST STREET CARS. Georgetown College Glen Echo W. end 2nd St. W. W. . . Conduit Road, Md N. end N. Cap. st N. Cap. & H ss S. of Ex. Mansion The Capitol.. It tl ll 65 55 50 79 44 56 59 26 80 57 35 53 55 35 35 35 17 27 55 54 65 41 Met. R. R. G.&T.E R.R. Glenwood Cemeery Gov't Printing Office Grand Army Place rimnd Stnirwav Columbia R.R. W. & G. R. R. Grasslands Rockville Pike C & 5 sts., n. e See Navy Yard, Strangers' Directory . .. Smithsonian Grounds . . bet. 6th & 7th sts High &8th sts. W. W.. See Maps .. . Green Slatue of . Met. R. R. Gun Foundry W. & G. R. R. Hack Rates 7th St. R. R. High School Belt Line. High Service Reservoir... Hospitals and Asylums. .. Howard University Hotels, Flats, &c Met. R. R. 7th St Road 7th St. Ext'd. Stranger's Directory.... The Capitol District House of Representatives. Anacostia Rd. Anacostia Rd. Interior, Department of. . . Jackson, Statue of Jail, U. S F bet. 7th &9th sts Lafayette Square 19th, bet. B & C, s. e... Between D&G4&5 Sts. Pa. Av. & 151^ St Pa. Ave. IS'A & i6>^-- Pa. Ave. is^A & i6}4 -- Met.&7st.R.R. W. & G. R. R. V\ . & G. R. R. Met. R. R. Justice, Dept. of Lafayette Square Lafayette Statue Library of Congress Library, National Lincoln Column. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. I & 2 K. Cap. & B sts. E S. of U. S. C. H Lincoln Park W.cSiG.&Met. Met. R. R. Lincoln Statue Met. R. R. Logan Statue and Grave.. LonsT Bridpfe. . i3&PstsNat.&Mil.Cem. Foot of 14th St Mass. Ave. & 15th Sil. Spr'gR.R. Belt Line. 14th St. R. R. 14th St. R. R. Luther, Statue of Vt. Ave. & 14th st B N. and B S. sts...... 62 18 48 f 62 58 tl 26 64 65 70 t^ 65 44 Mall 7th St. Branch Market. Central W. & G. R. R. Marshall, Statue of vV. of Capitol W. & G. R. R. Masonic Temple 9;h & F sts Met. R. R. McPherson, Statue of. Medical Museum Army.... Methodist University Metropolitan Club Money Order Office Monument of Peace Mt. Olivet Cemetery Vt Ave. & 15th st B and 7 St., S. E Tenallytown Road 1 7th and H sts 8 & E sts Met. R. R. Met. R. R. G.&T R R. Met. R. R. Met. R. R. Naval Monument W. & G. R. R. Columbia R.R. iVT t. Pleasant 14th St. Cars Ext'ed See Wharves & RRds.. District. Mt. Vernon National Military Cemetery National Museum District Sil. Spr'g R R. Belt Line. The Mall TABLE OF REFERENCES AND INDEX. LOCATION. Naval Hospital Naval Monument Navy, Dept. of the Navy Yard Oak Hill Cemetery Oak View,. Observatory, Naval Odd-Fellows' Hall Opera Houses Patent Office Pension Building Phto. Office, Treas. Dept Post-Office, City Post-Office, General Potomac Marshes Propagating Garden Railroad Stations Rawlins, Statue of Reform School Representatives, House of Reservoir Rock Creek Church Rock Creek Park Schools Scott, Statue of. Senate Chamber and Wing Sewer, Tiber Sheridan Statue and Grave Signal Office, U. S Smithsonian Insti ution... Soldiers' Home State, Dept. of Stairway, Grand Socieiies Statistics, Bureau of Statuary Hall Steamers Street Cars Suburban Excursions Supreme Court of U. S 1 errace, Marble Theatres Thomas, Statue of. Treasury, Dept. of War, Dept. of Washington, Description of Washington Monument... Pa. Av. & 9th St., s. e. . . Pa. Ave. & I St S. W. &N. B'dg Ft. of 8th St., s. e N. end 30th st. W. W... Rockville Pike 23d & Ests 7th bet. D & E sts Stranger's Directorv Bet. F, G, 7th & 9th sts G, bet. 4th & 5lhsts S. of Treasurv G,6th,7th&i'ith,N.W, Bet. E, F, 7th & 8th sts. See Map 15th & B sts. s. w Stranger's Directory Penna. Av. & 9th st PAGE. 53 26 33 50 59 65 61,66 The Capitol. District District See Map 1 6th & N sts The Capitol. In hand — Arlington . . . G, bet. 17th & 1 8th sts. The Mall District 17th St. &N. Y. Ave. . The Capitol Stranger's Directory.. . 15th nr. D sts The Capitol Stranger's Directory... See Map Electric Railways The Capitol The Capitol Stranger's Directory.. 14th & M sts 15th St. & Pa. Ave 17th St. & Pa. Ave 71 58 57 37 1^ 41 78 52 64 24 59.65 65 66 59 20 67 72 44 65 26 79 24 79 2 68 17,18 26 S. of President's Park. NEAREST STREET CARS. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. Met. R. R. W^ & G. R. R. 7th St. R. R. Met. R. R. Met. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. Met. R. R. Belt Line. W. & G. R. R. Columbia R. R. Met. R. R. A. & P. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. Sil.Spr'gR.R. W. & G. R. K. W. & G. R. R. See Map V. 72 62 14th St. R. K. 36 W. &G. R. R 33 W. &G. R. R 7 38 w. &G R R tABL£ OF REt-ERfeNCtS AND iNDfeX* NAME. Washington, Statue of Washington, Statue of Washington, West Wayland Seminary Wharves, Washington Wharves, W. Washington. W hite House Work I J ouse Y. M. C. A Zool< )gical Park LOCATION. 24th St. & Pa. Ave. Capitol Grounds.... Pa. Ave. & 1 6th St 19th & Ests., s. e N. Y. Ave. nr. 14th st. NEAREST STREET CARS. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. 14th St. R. R. All R. R.'s. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. W. & G. R. R. Met. R. R. (Continued from page 2.) l^KANCii Lines. — Exchange tickets given at 9th and F Streets, extends northward, passing the Patent Office, to Boundary at the N. end of 7th Street, liistance i^ miles. Connects there with Silver Springs branch, passing Howard University and Distributing Reservoir, Soldiers Home. Running south from F Street, this branch passes Centre Market, Baltimore and Potomac (Pennsylvania) R. R., to the gate of the Washington Barracks, 2j4 miles, foot of 4^4 St, W. Exchange tickets given at 9th St., and New York Ave., W. See Columbia R. R. Columbia Railroad. — From 15th Street and New York Avenue, going east, passes the Government Printing Office, near the Deaf Mute College, and ends at the Baltimore Turnpike, distance 2 miles. Exchange tickets given on Metropohtan hne at 9th St. North Capitol and O Street, (Belt Line.)— Railroad starts on Mary- land Avenue at 4^ and makes an enjoyable circuit of the heart of the city, passing various points of interest, returning to place of beginning. (See map. ) A branch line runs along the wharves, passing the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, near the Department of Agriculture, Washington Monument, and Centre Market. The Eckington and Soldiers Home (Electric) Railroad. — Starting on New York Avenue at 7th Street, it passes near Glenwood Cemetery, through Eckington to Soldiers Home and Catholic University, A line ex- tends from 15th on G 'Street opposite ihe Treasury Department to main line at 5th Street W. and New York Ave. (See Suburban Routes, p. 68.) Washington and Anacostia R. R. — Starring at B and 9th Sts., N. W., at Centre Market, g)ing east passes Baltimore and Potomac R. R. station, Botanic Garden, Garfield Park, U. S. Marine Barracks (nth and G Sts , S. E. Exchange to Congressional Cemetery, Asylum, etc., every 10 min.), across Anacostia or Eastern Branch of the Potomac to Anacostia. On re- turn exchange at nth and M Sts., S. E., every 12 min., and pass U. S. Navy Yard and Arsenal, continuing to Potomac wharves. Exchanges at 3d and Maryland Ave., N, W., with "Belt" Line, and at nth and G Sts., N. W., with Eckington and Soldiers' Home El. Ry. Fare, 5 cents. (See Su- burban Routes, p. 68 Hekdic Cabs are run to any part of the city. Fare, 25 cents, within I mile; 75 cents per hour for one passenger; $1 per hour for more than one. (Continued on page 70.) WAR DEPARTMENT. . FEB 20 1913 WnCEORGE WASHINGTON, First President of the United States, on '^TJuly i6, 1790, approved the act of Congress establishing the permanent i^seat of Government of the U. S. on the banks of the Potomac, and by proclamation of Jan. 24, 1791, directed the Commissioners, appointed to superintend the building of the city, to run the experimental lines of the Federal District. On March 30, a proclamation by The President defined the permanent lines, the corner stone of which was planted with Appropriate ceremonies on April 15, following. THE CAPTTOI. The City of Washington, the Capital of the United States of America, is situated on the left or Eastern bank of the Potomac River, at the conflu- ence of the Anacostia or Eastern branch of that stream, 106^ miles from the Chesapeake Bay, and 185 miles from the ocean. The latitude of Wash- ington (Naval Observatory) is 38^ 53' 38" 8 N., and longitude 77° 3' i" 35 W. of Greenwich. The area of the city is 6111 a.; namely, looi a. ave- nues and streets ; 150 a. pavements; 790 a. public reservations and parks, and 4170 a. squares occupied by residences and business places. - THE CAPITOL AND VICINITY. CAPITOL AND VICINITY. \zLo|o>| -r^ — T n^vU^L/^Z I r H§i03\ B. Garfield Statue. A. s. National Library Building. THE CAPITOL STATUE OF WASHINGTON. Its Government under the Act of 1874 is managed by three Commissioners appointed by the President. The area of the District of Coluinbia is 65 s. m. since the retrocession to Virginia in 1846. The population is 260,000 the City representing 220 000. THE CAPITOL. The Capitol occupies a lofty seat on the Western edge of the plateau of Capital hill, 89 j4' above mean low M'ater in the Potcmac, and overlooking the Wes- tern, or official, business and fashionable quarter of the city. The surrounding Park comprises 51^^ a, artistically laid out under the direction of Fred Law Olmstead, landscape architect. A marble terrace and grand stairway erected on the N., W. and S. greatly add to thei-rposing appearance of the structure. The building is 75i'x324', including porticos, the principal front being on the E. The ground plan covers about 3^ a. It is of the Corinthian order, with a rustic sub-basement, basement prii cipal, and attic stories. The original building, of Potomac Aquia Creek free stone, was commenced in 1793, and the N. and S. wings were finished m 1813. The interior was de- stroyed in i8i4and rebuilt 181 5-' 19 It was extended by the addition of the marble wings in 185 1, which were occupied, the S. by the House of Representatives STATUE OF freedom in 1857, and N. by the Senate in 1859, work, however, was continued for 12 years longer. The present Dome of iron, erected i856-'63, is 288' from the ground-line to the top of the statue of America, and 135^^' in diameter. Cost, $1,000,000. The Statue of America, by Crawford, which surmounts the dome, is 19)^' high, was placed in position in 1863, and cost $24,000. The building, to date, cost $15,000,000. (See Grand Stairway and Architectural Terrace, Page 26.) Advancing toward the Capitol from the plaza on the east, opposite the central portico stands Gieenough's colossal marble Statue of George IVashiugtc}!, erected in its present position in 1842. Total cost $44,000. On the N. blocking of the central port co, is Greenough's marble group, the Settlement of America, erected in 1842, cost $24,000, and on the S., Persico's marble Statue of Columbus, representing the discovery of America, erected in 1846, cost $24,000. In the typanum of the pediment of the portico is Persico's alto relievo, JREENOUGH's WASHINGTON. The Genius of America. On the pediment of it> THE GREAT BRONZE DOOR. the Senate portico is Crawford's marble group representing the Progress of Civilization in the United States. Cost $46,000. Across the Park E. of the House wing is the building of the National Library, in course of erection Having taken a careful view of the Capitol from the E., the tourist should now enter by the broad steps of the central portico. Upon a platform here temporarily erected, during the ceremony of inauguration, the President ol the U. S. takes the oath of office in the presence of the people assembled on the esplanade in front. Upon reachingthe platform of the portico, the tourist approaches the g'reat Bronze Door, or A/am Entrance to the Capitol. In the niches are the statues of Peace and IVar, by Persico, placed in position in 1832, cost $12,000 each. The Bronze Door, by Randolph Rogers, is 9' high, weighs 20,000 lbs. and cost $28,000, representing events in the life of Columbus. Casing: A, Asia; B, Africa; C, Europe; D, America Panels: I. Columbus before the Council of Salamaca. \1. Departure of Columbus for the Spanish court. HI. At the court of Ferdinand and Isabella. IV. Departure of Columbus from Palos on his first voyage of discovery. V. Columbus landed on the Island of San Salvador, VI, Encounter with the natives. VII, Triumphal entree of Columbus into Barcelona. VIII. Col- umbus in chains. IX. The death-bed of Columbus. I. Alexander VI, Roderigo Lenzoli Bor- gia, Pope of Rome. 2. Pedro Gonzales de Mendoza, Arch-Bishop of Toledo. 3. f^erd- inand. King of Spain. 4 Isabella, Queen of Spain. 5. Charles VIII, King of France. 6. Lady Beatrix de Bobadilla, Marchioness of Moya, friend of Columbus. It is said the likeness is of Mrs. Rogers, wife of the sculptor. 7. John II, King of Portugal, who rejected Columbus. 8. Henry VII, King of England, appealed to by Bartholo- mew Columbus on behalf of his brother. 9. Juan Perez de Marchena, prior of the Convent of La Rabida. 10 Martin Alonzo Pinzon, commander of the Pinta. 1 1 . Her- nando Cortez, conqueror of Mexico. 12. Bartholomew Columbus, brother to Chris- topher. It is said that the likeness is of the A C 15 13 — 9 16 _ 14 12 10 B D iW 2 1 VI III 4 3 VII II 6 5 VIII I 8 7 IX DIAGRAM OF BRONZE DOOR. sculptor. 13. Alonzo de Ojeda, a companion of Columbus, 14 Vasco Nunez de Balboa, discoverer of the Pacific Ocean. 15 Amerigo Vespucci, author of the first account of the New World. 16 Francisco Pizarro, conqueror of Peru. The liead above the lower N. panel represents Washington Irving, and in the corresponding position, opposite, W, H. Prescott, historians. The tourist now finds himself within the vast Rotunda of the Capitol, 96' in diameter and 180' from the pavement to the canopy. Over the doors are ROTUNDA gCULPTURES AND PAINTINGS. II rude Alto Relievos; E. door, Landing of the Pilgrims, Caucici; W., Toca- hontas saving the life of John Smith, Capellano; N., Penn's Treaty with the Indians, Gavelot; S., Daniel Boone. Over the panels are busts, also in Alto Relievo, of Columbus, Raleigh, Cabot and La Salle. In the eight panels are the celebrated historical paintings, as follows : The Landing of Columbus, 1492. — John Vanderlyn, 1842; $10,000. I, Columbus; 2, Martin Alonzo Pinzon; 3, Vincent Yannez Pinzon; 4, Rodrigo des Escobedo, notary; 5, Rpcri o banchez, inspector; 6, Muti- neer in a suppliant attitude; 7, Alonzo de Ojeda; 8, Cabin Boy; 9, Soldier, 10, Sailor; 11, Friar. The Vessels are the Santa Maria, Pintaand the Nina. The Discovery of the Mississippi River by D^ Soto, 1541. — vv. H. Powell, 1850; $12,000. I, De Soto; 2, Moorish Servant; 3, Confessor; 4, Young Spanish Cava- lier; 5, Cannon dragged up by artillerymen ; 6, Men planting the cross; 7, Ecclesiastic bearing a censer; 8, An aged priest blessing the cross; 9, A sol- dier dressing his wound; 10, Camp chest, with arms, helmets and other im- plements of War; ii, A group ot standard bearers andhelmeted men; 12, Two young Indian maidens; 13, Indian chiefs bearing pipes of peace. I 2 ROTUNDA PAINTINGS. The Baptism of Pi3cahontas, 1613. — J. G. Chapman, 1836; $10,000. I, Pocahontas; 2, John Rolfe; 3, Alexander Whiteaker; 4, Sir Thomas Dale, Governor; 5, bister to Pocahontas; 6, Naniequau^, Brother to J'oca- honlas; 7, Opechancanough; 8, Opachisco, Uncle to Pocaho.itas; 9 Richard Wyffin; lo, Stanr'ard Bearer; 11, Mr. and Mrs. Forrest, the first gentle- woman who arrived in the colony; 12, Henry Spilman; 13, John and Ann Laydon^ first persons married in the country; 14, The Page. The Embarkation of*the Pilgrims at Delft Haven, Holland, 1620. — Robeit W. Wier, 1840; $10,000. I, William Robinson, pastor; 2, Elder William Brewster; 3, Mrs, Brew- ster and sick child; 4, Governor Carver; 5, William Bradford; 6, Mr. and Mrs. White; 7, Mr and Mrs. Winslow; 8, Mr. an I ]\Trs. Fuller; 9, Miles Standish and his wife Rose; 10, Mrs. Bradford, Mdio fell overboard the day the vessel came to anchor; ii, Mrs. Carver and child; 12, Captain Reynolds and sailor; 13, ]3oy belonging to the Carver family; 14, Boy in charge of Mrs. Winslow; 15, Boy belonging to Mrs. Winslow's family; 16, Nurse. ROTUNDA PAINTINGS. 13 Signing the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. — John Trum- bull, 181 7; $8,000. I, George Wythe, of Va.; 2, William Whipple, and 3, Josiah Bartlett, of N. H.; 4, Benjamin Harrison, of Va.; 5, Thomas Lynch, of S. C; 6, Rich- ard Henry Lee, of Va ; 7, Samuel Av. ams, of Mass.; 8, George Clinton, of N. Y.; 9, William Paca, and 10, Samuel Chase, of Md.; 11, Lewis Morris, and 12, William Floyd, of N. Y.; 13, Arthur Middleton, and 14, Thomas Heyward, of S. C.; 15, Charles Carroll, of Md.; 16, George Walton, of Ga.; 17, Robert Morris, 18, Thomas Willing, and 19, Benjamin Rush, of Penn.; 20, Eldridge Gerry, and 21, Robert Treat Paine, of Mass.; 22, Abraham Clark, of N J.; 23, Stephen Hopkins, and 24, William Ellery, of R. L; 25, George Clymer, of Penn.; 26, William Hooper, and 27, Joseph Hewes, of N. C.; 28, James Wilson of Penn.; 29, Francis Hopkinson, of N. J.; 30, John Adams, of Mass.; 31, Roger Sherman, of Conn.; 32, Robert L. Livingston, of N. Y.; ;^2> Thomas Jefferson, of Va.; 34, Benjamin Franklin, of Penn.; 35, Richard Stockton, of N. J ; 36, Francis Lewis, of N. Y.; 37, John With- erspoon, of N. J.; 38, Samuel Huntington, 39, VViUiam Williams, and 40, Oliver Wolcott, of Conn.; 41, John Hancock, of Mass.; 42, Charles Thomp- son, of Penn.; and continuing, 43, George Read, of Del.; 44, John Dickinson, of Penn.; 45, Edward Rutledge, of S. C; 46, Thomas McKean, of Del.; 47, Philip Livingston, of N. Y. The Surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga, bull, 181 7; $8,000. N. Y., 1777. — John Truai- 14 ROTUNDA PAINTINGS. 'The 3 figTes in the distance are, I, Maj. Lithgow, of Mass.; 2, Col. Cilly, and 3, Gen. Starke, of N. H.; and in the Key, 4, Capt. Seymour, of Conn., of Shelden's Horse; 5, Maj. Hull, and 6, Col. Greaton, of Mass.; 7, Maj. Dearborn, and 8, Col. Scammell, of N. H.; 9, Col. Lewis, of N. Y., Quar- termaster-Gen.; 10, Major-Gen. Phillips, of the Britiirh Army; 11, Lieut.- Gen. Burgoyne, Commander of the British forces; 12, Gen. Baron Reicesel, of the British Army (German); 13, Col. Wilkinson, Dep. Adj. Gen. of the American Army; 14, Gen. Gates, Commander of the American forces; 15. Col. Prescott, of Mass. Volunteers; 16, Col. Morgan, of the Va. Riflemen; 17, Brig. -Gen. Rufui Putnam, and 18, Lieut.-Col. I rooks, of Mass.; 19, Rev, Mr. Hitchcock, of R. I., Chaplain; 20, Major Robert Troup, of N. Y., Aid- de Camp; 21, Major Haskell, of Mass.; 22, Maj. (after Gen.) Armstrong' Aid-de-Camp; 23, Maj -Gen. Philip Schuyler, of N. Y.; 24, Brig.-Gen. Glover, of Mass.; 25, Brig.-Gen. Whipple, of the N. H. Militia; 26, Maj. Clarkson, of N. Y. Aid-de-Camp; and 27, Maj. Stevens, of Mass., command- ing artillery. The Surrender of Cornwallis, Oct. 1781. — John Trumbull, 181 7; $8,000. The first 2 figures, i. Count Deuxponts; 2, Duke de Laval Montmorency, and in the Key, 3, Count Custine, Colonels of French Infantry; 4, Duke de Lauzun, Col. of French Cavalry; Gen. Choizy; 6, Viscount Viomeuil; 7, Marquis de -t. Simon; 8, Count Ferse-^, and 9, Count Dumas, Aid-de-Camp t) Count Kochambeau; 10, Marquis Chastellux; 11, Baron Viomeuil; 12, Count de Barre, and 13, Count de Grasse, Admirals in the French Navy; 4, Count Rochambeau, Gen-in-Chief of the French forces; 15, Gen. Lincoln,. American Army; 16, Col. Stevens, American Artillery; 17, Gen. VVashmg- ton, Commander-in-Chief; 18, Thomas Nelson, Gov. of Va ; 19, Marquis Lafayette; 20, Haron Steuben; 21, Col. Cobb, Aid-de-Camp to Gen. Wash- ington; 22, Col. Trumbull, Secretary to Washington; 23, IMaj.- Gen. Clinton, of N. Y.; 24, Gen. Gist, of Md.; 25, Gen. Wayne, of Penn ; 26, Gen. Hand, ofPenn., Adjutant General; 27, Gen. Peter Muhlenburg, of Penn.; 28, Maj.- Gen. Knox, Commander of Artilery; and continuing towards the r., 29, Lieut. Col. Huntingdon, acting Aid to Gen Lincoln; 30, Col. Timothy Pickering, Quartermaster Gen.; in the Key. 31, Col. Alexander Hamilton, commandinp- Light Infantry; 32, Col. Laurens, of S. C; 33, Col. Walter Stuart, of Penn., and 34, Col. Nicholas Fish, of N. Y, > THE FRIEZE AND CANOPY OF THE ROTUNDA. 15 General Washington Resigning His Commission at Annapolis, Md., Dec. 23, 1783. — John Trumbull, 1817; $8,000. I, Thos. Mifflin, of Penn., President of Congress; 2, Chas, Thompson, of Penn.; 3, Elbridge Gerry, of Mass.; 4, Hugh Williamson, of N. C; 5 Samuel Os:^ood, of Mass.; 6, Ed'w McComb, of Del; 7, Geo. Partridge, of Mass.; 8, EdV Lloyd, of Md.; 9, R. D. Spaight, of N. C; 10, Benj. Haw- kins, of N. C; II, 'a. Foster, of N. H.; 12, Thomas Jefferson, and 13, Arthur Lee, of Va.; 14, Dav. Howell, of R. L; 15, James Monroe, of Va ; 16, JacDb Reed, of S. C, all members of Congress; 17, Jas. Madison, of Va., spe:tator; 18, William EUery, of R. L; 19, Jerem'ah Townley Chase, of Md.; 20, S. Hardy, of Va., and 21, Charles Morris, of Penn., members of Congress; 22, General Washington, of Va.; 23, Cols. Walker, and 24, Hum- phreys, aids-de camp; 25 and 26, Gens. Smallwood and Williams, and 27 and 28, Cols. Smith and Howard, of Md.; 29, Charles Car'-oll and two daugh- ters, of Md.; 30, Mrs. Washington and her three grand-children; and 31, Daniel Jenifer of St. Thomas of Md., spectators. On the f>iez\ 300' in circumference and 9' high, beginning over the W, door of the Rotunda, are representations in fresco in chiaro oscuro, by Bru- midi: I, America and History; 2, Landing of Columbus; 3, Cortez and Montezuma; 4, Pizarro invading Peru; 5, Burial of De Soto in the Missis- sippi River; 6, Rescue of John Smi h by Pocohontas; 7, Landing of the Pilgrims; 8, Penn's Treaty, Executed by Costiggini upon the death of Bru- midi. 9, Colonization of New England; 10, Ogelthorpe and Muscogee Indians; II, Battle of Lexington; 12, Reading of the Declaration of Inde- pendence; 13, Surrender of ("o^-nwallis at Yorktown; 14, Death of Tecumseh; 15, Gen. Scott's entree into the City of Mexico. 16, Discovery of gold in Cal- ifornia; ) 7, Completion of the Pacific .Railroad; 18, First Centennial of Ind- ependence at Phih. ' T\iQ L anflpy, executed by Brumidi, in fresco, is 65^' in diameter, 180' from the pavement of the Rotunda, and cost $50,000. In the centre is por- trayed Washington with Freedom on his r. and victory on his 1. The 13 female figures represent the 13 original States. The Groups on the outer zone are: I, The fall of Tyranny; 2, Agriculture; 3, Mechanics; 4, Com- merce; 5, Marine; 6, Arts and Sciences. i6 THE PRINCIPAL STORY OF THE CAPITOL. The Diagram will direct the visitor to the places of interest on the Princi- pal Story. - a> r<-)vO *- X 0^ *- I a B ^ . , . « O t/)* O 30 "S ^ ^ 1^ t; o u -^ X5 R a, S ^OO O u - ^ s>.^ c • 1^ § - a ^ a; -"iS O On O • rt o •^»oOiT;CK^rtO'£ o -^ *<; . 5> 2" S W u-i ^ . '-' Ph j^ fi.2 vo a <<-i Qj ^^ o 7; W >— / O "5 fl ly-i • QNC?3«hJ^^Uc/2^N(a LIBRARY OF CONGRESS — SURPEME COURT. 17 100 vr>a, <; oj i_ (/2 rhO N ^ J? ^m5 . v^ -^ i—J J . u S3 S p. uS'u^ THE GRAND STAIRCASE— SENATE BRONZE DOOR. In the Robing Room, are portraits of Chief Justices Jay, Marshall, Chase and Taney. The Messenger will admit visitors if the room be not occupied. Here the Justices put on their robes prior to going on the Bench. Con- tinung to the S. corridor and thence turning E. to the E corridor, 28 is the Eastern Grand Staircase, which leads to the Ladies', Sena- tors'cFamily, and Diplomatic Galleries. The stairbase is constructed of polished Tennessee Mar le. At the foot is Power's Statue of Benjamin Franklin, of Penn., cost, $10,000. Over the landing is Powell's painting of Peri'y's Victory on Lake Erie in 1813, cost, $25,000. (See Diagram for Attic Story and Galeries.) Thence proceed into the Senate Vestibule (30). At the E. end (29) is the Senate Bronzt Door, by Crawford, cost, $50.- 000, representing: I. Battle of Bunker Hill and death of Warren, June, 1776; H. Battle of Monmouth, June, 1778, Rebuke of Gen. Lee; HL BattleofYorktown, October, 1 781, Hamilton's Capture of the Redoubt; IV. Washington's welcome at Trenton, April, 1789; V. Inauguration of Washington, first V \ / © © /L ^ ^ N I IV n ■V m VI SENA'lE BRONZE DOOR. THE SENATE CHAMBER. THE MARBLE ROOM SENATE CHAMBER. President, in N. Y. City, April 30, 1789. John Adams, Vice-President, stands on his r.; Chancellor Livingston administers the oath, and Mr. Otis, Secretary of the Senate, holds the Bible. The remaining figures are Alex- ander Hamilton, Gens. Knox and St Clair, Roger Sherman and Baron Steuben; VI. Laying of the Corner Stone of the Capitol, Sept. 18, 1793. On the N. side of the vestibule is the Senate Ccm. on the District of Colum- bia, (32,) beautifully frescoed by Brumidi. Visitors can enter. Next proceed to 34, Senator's An ti -Room, a rich apartment, and 33, Sergeant-at- Arm's Room, also attractively finished. Should the Senate be in session visitors cannot pass the door at No. 35 without permission from a Senator. It would be proper to send a card to a Senatorial acquaintance asking this permission. He will send a page to con- duct his friends to the Brmze Stairs, (35,) cost $5,000. There are four of these in the building. Thence to the Vice-President's Room, (36.) Here is Rembrandt Peale's Paiiitins; of Washington, and marble busts of Pres. pro. temp. Foster, of Conn, and Vice-President Wilson, w^ho died in this room. The messenger at the door can admit visitors. Having now entered the Senate Lobby, on the r. pass into the Marble, or Senator's Reception Room, (40,) and on the 1., when the Senate is not in session, pass upon the floor of the Senate. The Senate Chamber (visitors admit ed on the floor when the S nate is notin session) is 113X ^^803^' and 36' high. The Cloak Rooms on the outer sides reduce the floor to 83^x5 1'. The galleries are over the cloak Rooms and will seat 1200 persons. (See Diagram of attic story and galleries for location of galleries, and of the Chamber for seats of Senators and officers.) The ceiling is of iron and the room is lighted from the loft above. By Senate resolution, 1886, authority was given to have made and placed in t'^e niches in the galleries marble busts of those who have been Vice-Pres - dents. They a e now in the hands of the sculptors, and are placed in position as rapidly as finished. Returning to the lobby, continue W. to the Pirsidenfs Room, (41.) This is one of the finest rooms in the building. Admission may be had, should the door be locked, through the messenger in the corridor near by. If the door be unlocked, enter. vVhenever the President visits the Capitol he oc- cupies this apartment and sends, by a page, for those whom he wishes to see. 'I'he medallions represent Washington and his first Cabinet. The ceiling is also richly frescoed, and the walL finished in gilt. Opposite the entrance the Bronze Staircase (35) is similar to that E. of the lobby. Take the W. corridor to the West Grand Staircase, of American White Marble, a very beautiful piece of work. At the foot is Stone's heroic Statue 0/ John Nai- cock, coat, $5,500, and over the first landing. Walker's painting of the Storming of Ch'apultep.c, Mexico, Sept. 13, 1847, cost, $6,000. The Ameri- can Army is commanded by Gen. Scort, and pursuing the fleeing Mexicans into the City of Mexico SENATE WING, ATTIC STORY AND GALLERIES At this point the visi- tor should ascend to the attic story and galleries. The Diagrams will indi- cate points of interest on this fl. The "Senate ~^assembles at 12 m The best time to visit the Senate galleries during the sessions is just be- fore that hour. The g 'general debates usually commence after t h e "morning hour," about I 30 p. m. Main Buildixg.— 2. Store Rooms Congre'=s- ional Library. 3. Stairs to the Dome. 4. S- THE CAPITOL-ATTIC STORY AND GALLERIES. gtore-Rooms Sen. Doc. Room. 7, 8. Senate Committee on Additional Accommodations for the Con- gressional Library. 6. The Lbrary of the Sen. 30,000 volumes. 9, ii, 12, 13. Sen. Doc Rooms. 10 Sen. Com. Nicaraguan Claims. Senate Wing. — 14. E. Grand (Marble) Staircase, and Powell's Painting of Perry's Victory on Lake Erie, 1813, and Heaton's Recall of Columbus. 16. S. Corridor. Galleries. — 15, 17. Ladies' Gallery. 18. Diplomatic Gallery. 19. Gentlemen's Gallery. 20. Press Reporters' Gallery. 21. Ladies' Gallery and Reserved Gallery. 22. Ladies' Retiring- Room. 23. Hall, containing Moran's Paintings of ihe Canon of the Yellowstone, and Chasm of the Col- on do, cost, $10,000 each, and portraits of Webster, Clay and Calhoun. 24. Ante room to Ladies' Gallery, and paintings of -'The First Fight of the Ironclads," and The Electoral Tribunal of 1877, and portraits of Gen. Dix and Senator Sumner. 25 Sen. Com. on Private Land Claims. 26. Sen. Com. on Claims. 27. Sen. Conference Room. 28. E. Corridor. 29, 30. Sen. Com on Printing. 31 W. Corridor. 32. W. Grand (Marble) Staircase, and Walker's Painting Storming of Chapultepec and Charles Wilson Peales' Washington, 1779. Zli-i 34 ^6"- Com. on Public Buildings and Gronnds. 35. Stairs Illuminating Loft. 36. Sen. Com. on Transportation. 37. Sen. Com. on Railroads. 38. Sen. Com. on Privileges and Elections. 39. Elevator for Senators. 40. Sen Com. on Commerce. 41. Sen. Com. on Engrossed Bills. 42. Press Telegraph Office. 43 Press Reporters' Retiring- Room. The visitor having viewed the points of interest on the Attic Floor of the Senate wing, and having passed some time in the Senate Galleries, the vSen- ate being in session, should now return to the corridor and proceed thence to the Elevator at No. 39 or 28 same fl., and descend by that means or by the Staircases, 14 or 32, to the Basement Story and see the frescoes and other features of interest in this portion of the Capitol. The visitor may enter any of the Committee Rooms found unlocked or open, for the purpose of exam- 22 THE CAPITOL, BASEMENT STORY. ining the the frescoes. When locked, inquiry from the messenger on the floor may gain them admission. Objects of Interest in the Capitol Basement — Senate Wing. — The walls and groined ceilings of the corridors are frescoed, representing events and personages in American history, and representations of the fauna and flora of the U S. The Room of the Sen, Com. on Indian Affairs is beautifully frescoed. The Stairs on the W. Corridor lead to the Sub-Basement and Senate Heating and Ventilating Apparatus. The machinery here is very interesting and should be visited. The Sen Com. on Library is appropriately frescoed. The Room o( the Sen. Com on Military Affairs has the finest Frescoes, i^e ^resenting the Boston Massacrf ; ^Jattle of Lexington; Death of Wooster; Washington at Valley Forge, and Capture of Stony Point. The Room on Naval Afl'airs is elaborately frescc^ed, representing Marine Dieties, &c The Room on Foreign Relations is also frescoed. The Restaurant is open to the public. The Main Building.— iV. of the Ov))/.— Contains the Senate Raths. The Law Library, containing nearly 100,000 volumes, and largest in the U. S. The Crypi', formed of 40 Doric Columns. The Star in the pavement is the centre of the Capiiol, and formerly the m ridian of the U. S. Beneath is the Undernofi or Vault in which it was proposed to place the remains of Wash ington. 1 he Crypt has been reduced in size by temporary rooms walled oft for the Congressional Library. Upon it rests the superstructure of the dome. The steps lead to Sub -Basement and Undercroft. S. of tKe Cjypt. — Contains nothing of special interest. The House Wing. — The Main Corridor 10 S. Entrance, I45'x25', con- sisfs of a fine maible colonade. The Restaurant is open to the public The H. Com. on Indian Affairs, contains a collection of Paintings of Indian Life. 'I he Room of the II. Com. on Agriculture is appropriately Frescoed. The Steps lead to Sub-Basement, Heating and Ventilating Apparatus. Having finished on the basement story visitors should first ascend by the elevators near 59 and 65 to the House Attic Stojy and Galleries. House V\ ing, Atj-ic Story. -I. Store-Room Congressional Library. 44, 46. Store- Room H. Library. 45. House Document Room 47. E. Grand (Marble) Staircase, and Carpen- ters Paintingof the sign- ing of the Proclamation of Emancipation, Sepl. 22,i862,presentedtothe 1^ U.SbyMaryE.Thomp- ' son, and portrait of Plenrv Clay, by John N eagle, 1843. 49- Li- brary of the House, I20,ooovolumes of Pub- lic Docs. the house wing, attic story and galleries. HOUSE WING, ATTIC STORY AND GALLERIES. 23 Galleries. — 50. Ladies' and Private Galleries. 51. Private and Represen tatives' Family Galleries. 52. Diplomatic Gallery. 53. Press Reporters Gallery. 54. Private Gallery for Ladies. 55. Geritlemcn's Gallery. 56. H. Com. on Foreign Afifaii-s. 57. H. Com on the Judiciary. 58. H. Com on Commerce. 59. H, Com. on Public Lands. 60,61. Laiies^ Retiring Room ; a Matron is in attendance. 62. Press Reporters' Writing- Room. 63. Press Telegraph Office. 64. Ante-room. 65 H. Com. on Pacific Railroads and Pensions 66. PL Com. on Elections. 67. H. Com. on Railways, Canals and Patents. 68. H. Com. on the District of Columbia. 69. 70. H. Com on Banking and Currency. 71. "W. Grand (Marble) •^tair- case, and Leutze's Chromo Silica, Westward Ho. Poi trait ' hief Justice /ohn Malsh^ll, R Brooks, 18S0 TflE HALL UL i;LPRLSE.\ TAl 1 VES. From this floor the visitor should enter the Galleries if the Hou-e of Re- presentatives be in session, (hour of meeting, 12 m.,) and pass a few moments in following the debates. From the Attic Story the visitor should descend at once to the Principal Story, and thence proceed to the Lobby, 70, S. of the Hall of Representa- tives, (see Diagram, page 16, for references.) The Lobby ■a.nd Hallm^vy be entered by visitors except when the House of Representatives is in session. It ii therefore, desirable to reach this portion of the building before 12 m., during sessions of Congress. In the Lobby is a gallery of t'lctures of the Speakers of the Housse of Representatives. T he Repr'^ontatives'' Retiritig 24 THE HOUSE WING, PRINCIPAL STORY. Roof7ts, 76-78, S. of the Lobby, form a fine suite of apartments. N. of the Lobby is the Hall of Repn'sentativds,{'jl ,) 139x93' and 36' high. The "floor" is 1 1 5^x67' and contams Desks for 325 Representatives and 8 Delegates. Ihe Cloak and Retiring Rooms open off the Hall. The Gal- leries over them will seat 2500 persons. The Hall is lighted, both by day and night from the ceiling, which consists of panels formed of iron girders set with ground-glass, decorated with appropriate centre pieces. On the r. of the Chair is the pedest il which supports The Mace, the insignia of authority of the House, which is placed there by the Sergeant-at-Arms or his represen- tative when the House is called to order. On the E. of the Chair is Vander- lyn's full-length Portrait of President Washington, and on the W , Ary Scheffer's Portrait of Marquis d' Lafayette, presented to Congress by the artist in 1824. In the panels E. and W. of the doors of the Lobby, are Bierstadts' paintings representing the Settlement of California, and The D s- covery of the Hudson River, and in the W panel a fresco of Washington de- manding the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Va , 1781." At tl^ e foot of the E. Grand Sta'rcase, E. of the Hall, is Power's Statue of Jtffer^on^ cost, $10,000, Over the landing is Carpenter's painting of the Signing of the Proclamation of Emancipation, by President Lincoln, in the presence of his Cabinet, Sept. 22, 1863, presented to Congress by Mrs. Mary E. Thompson, W. of the Hall is the W. Grand Staircase, at the foot of which is Vincenti's bronze bust of Bee-She-Ker, a Chippewa Warrior. Over the landing is Leutze's Chronw Silica, Westward Ho, cost, $20,000. The Golden Gae, Harbor of San Francisco, beneath, is by Bierstadt. The Room of the Com. on Ways and Means (67) is richly frescoed. In he room of the Com. on Military Affairs (63) is Lieut.-Col. Eastman's collec- ion of paintings of the principal Eons of the U. S. The rest of the apart- ments in this part of the building are without special interest Leaving the House wing, the connecting corridor, (59,) opposite the mam door of the House, leads to the National Statuary Hall, (58.) This mag- nificent apartment, before the extension of the Capitol, was occupied by the House of Representatives. It consists of a semi-circle of 96' chord, and 57' high. In 1864 Congress invited each State to furnish, not exceeding two, marble or bronze statues of its deceased citizens, illustrious for distinguished civil, or military service, and designated this Hall to receive them. The Statues, in marble, except where otherwise stated, received in the order of their pres- entation to Congress, and no v placed in position are: Rhode Island. — Roger Williajns, promoter of Civil and Rehgious Lib- erty in America, by Simmons, and Gen. Nathaniel Greene, of the Continental Army, by Brown. CONNECTICUT. — Jonathan Trumbull, a Patriot of the Revolution, and from whom the term "Brother Jonathan" origrated, and Roger Sherman, one of the Committee to Draft the Declaration of Independ- ence, both by Ives. New York. — George Clinton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, and Vice-President of the U. S., by Brown, and Robert R. Livingston, Chancellor, who administered the oath to President Washington 1 789, by Palmer, both bronze. Massachusetts. — John Wmthrof, first Governor oi Massachusetts, 1630, by R. S.Greenough, and Samuel Adams, an early advocate of American Liberty, by Miss Whitney. Vermont. — Ethan Allen, Captor of Fort Tic- onderoga "in the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress," by Mead, and Jacob Collamer, z. Senatorp by Powers. Maitse. — Wil/iam LCing, first Governor of Maine, 1820, by Simmons. Pennsylvania. — Rob. ert Fulton, inventor and pioneer in Steam as a motive power for navigation- THE NATIONAL STATUARY HALL. 25 by Roberts, and Gen. Peter Gabriel Muhlenbers^, of the Continent-'l Army, by Miss Ne\in. Ohio. — James A. Garfield, President of the U. S., 1881, and IVilham AUe7i, U. S. Senator, 1837-49, and Governor of Ohio, 1874-6, both by Niehaus. New ]y.^'S>¥?{.— Richard Stockton, Signer of the Declira- tion of Independence, 1776, and Philip Keai'ney, Union Genera], killed at Chantilly, Va., 1862, latter bronze, both by H. K. Brown. Michigan — Levins Cass, Senator and Secretary of State, by D. C. French. IHh NVHuNVL biAlLAK\ 11 VI 1 Among the other Statues in the Hall are Thomas Jefferson, Author of the Declaration of Independence, by P. T David D' Angers. A fejcander Hamil- ton, first Secretary of the Treasury, Horatio Stone, and Abraham Lincoln, by Miss Vinnie Ream. Over the N. door is Franzoni's Clock, representing the Car of Time. In the floor, near the S. W. corner, is a small brass plate marking the spot where John Q. Adams fell, Feb'y 21, 1848, two days before STORY'S MARSHALL, NAVAL MONUMENT. 26 STATUES OF MARSHALL AND GARFIELD— THE BOTANIC GARDEN. he died. In the room N. E , part of the same hall, is a maible bust com- memorating his death, which occured there. The hall also presents some very remarkable acoustic phenomena, which will be explained by persons near by, familiar with the hall. From the Statuary Hall pass into the Rotunda, and leave the building by the W. door and steps. At this point the marble Grand Stairway and Architectural Terrace may be examined, the Stair- way consisting of a double flight of steps, 44' and 48' wide as- cending 40' in 120' from top to bottom, and the Terrace 884' longin front and 304' long on the sides, or total length 1,492', 60' wide and 28' clear height. Total cost, $81 5, 000; built, 1880-90. At the foot of the terrace is Story's heroic bronze statue of John Marshall, Chief justice of the U S., i8oi-'35, erected in 1884, by the Congress and the Bar of the United States. Cost of Statue and Pedestal, $40,- 000. The bassi re- lievi represent Min- erva dictating the Constitution to America, and Com- merce and Education bringing forward a young boy. Agricul- ture, in one panel, an i Victory bringing forward America to ^swear allegiance on the altar of the Union, in the other. The tourist will now take either of WARD'S GARFIELD. the broad walks to the Botanic Garden. Passing the Naval Monument, or Monument of Peace, by Franklin Simmons, at the Pennsylvania Ave. entrance to the Park. It was designed by Admiral Porter, U. S N., executed in Marble, erected in 1877, cost $21,000. It was paid for fiom subscriptions by the THE NATIONAL LIBRARY. 27 Officers of the Admiral's fleet after the fall of Fort Fisher, and Secretary ot the Navy, Borie, and others. It is 44' high; represents History recording the woes narrated by America. On the W. plinth Victory is crowning Nep- tune and Mars, and on the E. Peace offers the olive branch Congress ap- propriated $20,000 for the foundation and basin, and the 1 tter statues. In front of the Conservatories of the Botanic Gardens is the Bartholdi Fountain, 30' high with 9 outlets and an illuminating apparatus of 12 lamps ignited by electricity, thus giving the effect of light and water. Cost, $6,000. The numbers on Map P. 8 indicate the places of interest in the Garden, as follows: I. Rotunda of Conservatory, temperature 80° Fahr, containing varieties of Palms. 2. E. wing, temperature 40° and Range 50°. Plants of the South Sea Islands, South Africa, and Australia. 3. W. wing and kange, same temperature as E., Plants of China, Japan, East and West Indies, and Mexico, 4. Office of Superintendent. 5, 6. Propagating Houses. 7. Residence of Superintendent. 8. Packing Propagating Houses. At the Maryland Ave. entrance to the Capitol Park stands the bronze statue ©'■James A. Garfield, President of the U. S , by John Q. A. Ward; total height, 18'. The recumbent figures represent ihe Student, Warrior and Statesman. Erected by his comrades of the Army of the Cumberland, 1887. Cost of statue, $33,500; pedestal by Congress with figures, $31,500, THE congressional LIBRARY BUILDING. The magnificent structure authorized by Congress for the accommodation of the National collection of books occupies the center of a site of 10^ acres, between i and 2 Sts. E. and Ea t Capitol and B. St S., or 900' East of the House Wirg of the Capitol, purchased, 1887, for $585,000, The Main front is towards the Capitol, and the rear centers on A St, South, The ground plan from N, to S. is 470', and from E, to W. 365'. It covers nearly four acres, and has around it an esplanade aggregating six acres. The building will be of granite and marble, and consist of a cellar and basement and two stories, aggregating 69' above the ground. It is in the style of the Italian rennaissance, designed by J. L. Smithmeyer. The main vestibule and stair 28 THE EXECUTIVE AND DEPARTMENTS. hall will be the finest in the world. The Reading room in the central rotunda will be lOo' in diameter and 90' high, and will open into the book repositories radiating from the center and of which there will be nine stories within for books. The inner rooms will accommodate 2,500,000 and the outer 5,500,000 books. Cost of the modified design, $6,000,000. THE EXECUTIVE MANSION AND VICINITY. THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 29 THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. The oflficial residence of the President of the United States is variously styled The " President's House, " The " White House, " and its proper des- ignation, as above. It may be reached by Horse Cars from every part of the III III Si! IS! l» ^ ifvi 1^2^ ^,'-^W -.^ ^,..:^ -^■.' m ii h^iBl \ |lij4-„iiii i iii: M THE EXECUTIVE MANSION ■NuRTH FRONT. City. The Mansion is open on vi^eek-days, unless a State Ceremony be pending, from 10 A. M. to 2 P. M. T^e East Room is open to the public. The Reception Parlors are open only by specia permission. Persons desiring "to EXECUTIVE MANSION — SOUTH FRONT, 30 THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. pay respects" to the President will inquire of the ushers at the main door a to hours. The wife of the President, at her convenience, is at home to friends or persons properly introduced at stated hours on stated days. The Executive Mansion, of the Ionic order, is i7o'x86', two stories high, built of Aquia Creek (Potomac) free stone, painted white. It was the first public building commenced in the city, in 1792, immediately after the plan was plotted on the ground. The Consefvatorics (No. I on the map) adj in the building on the W. The total cost, including repairs in i8i5-'i8 to date, was $1,640,000. The official part of the building is on the East. The West half is private. (See directions on previous page.) The Diagrams will locate and designate the apartments in the building. 1 " 14 II la . IIIIIIIIIIIIIUI ■ 2 f> _IJ First Floor, Exeamve Mansion. First Floor. — I. Main Entrance and Vestibule. 2. Official Stairway. 3. The East Room. This is the promenade hall during entert inments. It is 8o'x4o' and 22' high, decorated in Greek style, and during evening receptions presents a fine appearance. There are portraits of Gen. Wa-jh- ington, a Gilbert Stuart, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Also of M s. Washington. The dress is of the time, made in Paris for a lady of wealth, to be worn at the Martha Washington Centennial tea-party at Phila- delphia, in the year 1876. 4. Green Room, containing portraits of Mrs. Tyler, Mrs. Polk, and Mrs. Hayes, the wives of former Presidents. 5. Blue Room where the President or his lady receives on ceremonial or social occasions. 6. Red Room, the private or family parlor ; Presidents John Adams, VanBuren, Taylor. 7. State Dining Room. 8. Passage-way to the Conservatories. 9. Butler's Paotry^ 10. Private or Family Dining Room. II. Private Stairway. 12. Waiting Room for social callers. 13. Elevator. 14. Grand Corridor. Here may be seen an interesting gallery of portraits of the Presidents, THE EXECUTIVE MANSION. 31 'ine following Diagram of the second floor exhibits the arrangement of the official and family apartments. Second Floor, Executive Mansion. Second Floor. — The second floor is arranged: I. Official Stairway. 2. Ante-room to President's Office. Here persons having business or an ap- pointment with the President should enter, hand their cards to the person in charge and be seated. If they can be received they will be informed of the fact and receive the necessary directions from the usher. 3. Cabinet Room. Here the Cabinet meets at 12 a. m, on Cabinet days. 4. President's Office. 5. Private Secretary's Office. 6. Corridor. 7. Office. 8. Office. 9. — 10. Chambers 1 1. Blue or State Bed Chamber. 12. Elevator and Bath Room. 13. State Bed Chamber. 14. Boudoir. 15. Private Corridor. 16 and 17. Suite of Lady of the Mansion ; the latter was occupied by President Garfield during his surgical treatment after his assassination. 18. President's Bed Chamber. 19. Library. There are here some fine portraits of Presidents and 5,000 volumes. The Conservatories are open during Receptions or ''Drawing Rooms." The Executive Mansion is now entirely inadequate to the demands of the social and official surroundings of the President. It is proposed to enlarge this building for an Executive Office, and Executive Residence and to add a grand conservatory and hall of paintings and statuary. WAR DEPARTMENT, FEB 8G 1913 32 DEPARTMENT OF STATE PUBLIC BUILDINGS, AND OTHER PLACES OF INTEREST The Department of State occupies the S. wing of the immense stiuc- ture \V. of the Executive Mansion. Open week-days except Diplomatic day, or designated by the Secretary, from 9 A. M to 2 P* M. STATE, WAR AND NAVY BUILDING. This mighty pile of granite, iron and slate, designed by A. B. Mullett, Su- pervising Architect ot the Treasury, consists of four harmonious buildings united by connecting wings which together constitute the finest edifice of the kind in the world. It is 567' from N. to S., 342' from E. to W., and 145' fi'gh. It was erected 1871-87, covers 4j^ acres, contams 566 rooms, 2 miles of cor idors, and cost $10,700,000. Objects of Interest. — From the entrance proceed along the corridor to the £lc-7'o/(->r and request to be taken to the Library, which is on the 3d fl. Tlere may be seen Thomas Jefferson's original draft of the Declaration of Indepenc ence, the desk upon M'hich it was written, and the original engrossed and signed copy; a case of historic relics, including Washington's war sword and other obiects of interest. The volumes number 50,000. From the Library descend to the floor below to visit the Diplomatic Re- ception Room (Nos. 4 and 6,) which may be seen by inquiring of the mes senger on the corridor. This apartment is richly finished and furnished, and contains portraits of Secretaries Jefferson, Webster, Seward, Washburn, Fish, Evarts, Blaine and Frelinghuysen, and Lord Ashburton. Leaving this room, visit the Diplomatic Ante Room at the VV, end of the corridor. Per- sons desuing to see the ofhce of the Secretary of State should make the fact knovvn to the messenger at the door, and if not occupied he is at liberty to open the room. In the ante-room at the E. end of the corridor is ^ gallery of all the Secretaries of State from 1 789 to date. DEPARTMENTS OF WAR AND NAVY. 33 From the ante-room the tourist should pass into the corridor of the E wing of the building occupied by the Department of the Navy. The office.of the Secretary of the Navy (Nos. 97 and 98,) is on the E. side, op- posite the central staircases, which should be examined as they are beautiful features of the building. They extend from the basement to the attic. The balusters, 1106 in number, are of bronze, and the hand-rail of Central Amer- ican Mahogany. The office of the Secretary may be viewed, if not occupied, by speaking to the messenger at the door. This room is beautifully finished, and contains some fine portraits of the later Secretaries. In the corridor op- posite the main door are superb molels of mor'ern war ships of the Navy. From the Secretary's office return to the ehvator and ask to be taken to the Library, which is on the fourth floor. The entrance is a few steps N. of the elevator landing. This is the finest room in this wing. The walls are paneled in foreign and domestic marbles. In the four corners of the room are massive bronze symbolic figures combined with chandaliers. A gallery divides the hall into two stories, and over head is an artistically designed ceiling of iron and glass. The books are kept on shelves in the alcoves, and number 20,000. After . ^.-- '- :-;!l|i:::i rctuming to thc corridor '^J" -- the skylight over the grand stairway should be examined. From the roof of the building at this point a fine viexv of he city may be had. The key may be ob- tained at the office of the Supt. of the Building. The other floors of this wing are occupied by the administrative Bureaus of the Depart- ment. From the Library ot the Navy Department, at the W. end of the central corridor is an in- teresting collection ot wax figures illustrating Continental and modern uniforms of the U. S. A. ; thence descend to 2d floor, where will be found the magnificent suite of apartments of the secretary of War. In these rooms and adjacent corridors and stairways may be seen a collection oi portraits of the Secretaries of War and of distinguished generals. Admission maybe obtained at the Secretary's door. From this floor descend to the floor below to the Headquarters of the Army, in the N. wing, E end of corridor. By permission of an aide, (Nos. 36 or 37,) visitors may view the rooms. The elevators, about the center of the West corridor, lead to the depart- ment floors. CORCORAN gallery OF ART. (See p. 34. 34 CORCORAN GALLERY OF ART. The objects of interest are the suite of apartments of the Secretary of War on the second floor opposite the central corridor, richly furnished in the latest style of decorative art, and containing a gallery of paintings of the Secretaries, The main staircases and the domed corridor and Department Library con- taining 20,000 vols, on the fifth floor, richly finished in bronze iron, are in- teresting. The rest of this wing is also elaborately finished. Returning to 17th st. and crossing Pa. Ave to the N. E cor., we reach the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Erected by W. W. Corcoran in 1859, cost $250,000, used by the Government i86i-'9. In the latter year deeded to trustees. The endowment fund is $1,000,000. On the Pa Ave. front are 4 niches containing marble statues, by M. Ezekiel, representing, beginning at the E., Durer (engraving), Raphael (painting), Phidias (sculpture), and Angelo (architecture). In the 7 niches on 17th st. are statutes cf the great masters of painting and sculpture by the same sculptor, beginning on the S , Titian, Rubens, Rembrandt, Crawford, Canova Murillo and Da Vinci. The main entrance is on Pa. Ave. The two bronze lions are copies of Canova's, at the tomb of Pope Clement XIII, Rome. The gallery is open Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, admission 25c ; and Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, free. Hours: 10 a. m. to 4 p. m from October to May; and 9 a m. to 4 p. m. from May to October. DIAGRAM of FLOORS, CORCORAN GALLERY. First Floor. Second Floor. First Floor. — I. Vestibule containing Bas Reliefs Busts of Roman and Greek celebrites, last days of Napoleon and other objects. II. Trustees' Room. III. Hall of Bronzes and Ceramics. IV. Hall of Antique Sculpture. V. Hall of Modern Sculpture. VI. Gallery of the Renaissance. VII. Ladies' Retiring Room. VIII. Janitor's Room. Second Floor. — Hall and Stairway. — Statuary. X. Main Picture Gallery containing the main collection. XI. East Gallery — American Portraits. XII. Southeast Gallery — Statuary and Paintings. XIII. Octagon Room — Here is Power's Greek Slave (original). XIV. Southwest Gallery — Paint- ings. XV. West Gallery — Paintings. LAFAYETTE SQUARE AND STATUE. 35 MILLS' JACKSON. opposite the Executive Mansion, is the statue of Lafayette and his compatriots, Count de Ro- chambeau and Chevaher Du- poitail of the French army, and Counts D'Estaing and DeGrasse, of the French Navy, serving as aUies in the closing years of the War for Indepedence, ordered by Congress 1884, cost $50,000, ex- ecuted by the Freach sculptors Antoine Falquiere and AntODin Mercie, erected 1890 The total height from sub-base to top of surmounting statue is 45^ The figure of Lafayette in Continental uniform is 10', and the subordi- nate figures 9' high. The heroic figure in front represents Ame- ica offering the sword of liberty to Lafayette and pointing to the in- scription. On the back of the pedestal are allegorical figurt. s and the inscription. Propriety has fixed as the site Lafayetie Park, north of the Executive Mansion, a name suggested b) Washington and Jefferson when the city was laid out. On Pennsylvania Ave., N. side , opposite the Treasury building is the Department of Justice.. This building, erected by the Froti the Corcoran Gallery of Art a few minutes' walk E. will bring the tourist to Lafayette Park, in the center of which is Clark Mills' Bronze Statue <3^Andr W Jackson, unveiled ini 853 cost $50,000. The church on the N. of the Pk., n. e. cor. i6th and H sts., n. w., is St. John's, P. E., one of the historic ecclesiastical structures of the city. C Among its members were Presiderts '^ Madison, Jackson, and Arthur, and ^ other distinguished personages. On Pennsylvania Avenue, in the south east angle of this park, nearly FALGUIERE— MERCIE 'S LAFAYETTE 36 DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. Freedmen's Savings and Trust Co., was purchased by the U. S. in 1882, for $250,000. It is of Potomac Seneca stone, 4 stories high. The Department, open from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m., occupies the second and upper stories. The Entrance is at the W. end of the S. front. The Eleva- tor may be reached by the temporary passage W. of the main entrance. The suite of apartments occupied by the Attorney-Generalx^ tastefully furnished and contain a Gallery of Portraits of the Attorneys- General of the U. S. from the foundation of the Government. Permission to view these maybe obtained through the messenger at the Attorney-General's office. The Library, 20,coo vols., is on the 4th floor. Returning to the Ave. the rooms of the Court OF Claims, open from 9 a. m. to 4 p, m., may be entered at door No. 1509. There is a fine Court Room reached through the bailift's room. Sessions of the Court are held from the first Monday in Dec. tc May or June. From the building of the Dep. of Justice the tourist should recross Pa A V. and enter theTREAS- uryBuild'g, open from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m., by the N. entrance. This immense edifice, consist- ing of a basement, two stories and attic, occu- pies a paralellogram 5io'x28i' including por- ticoes. The E. Ia9ad« includingi he colonnade, or the original portions of the building, erectec i836-'4^, is of Virgil. i? iree-stone, and the re- maining fagades erected i855-'69, are of Maine granite. The Colonnade n- ^^ , on the E. consists of 30 T"''' Department of Jus 1 ice. Ionic columns. The columns in other portions of the building are granite and monolithic, 31 1^' high. The building cost $6,000,000 After entering the building the first point of interest is the U. S. Treasury or CasA Room on the N. corridor of the min floor. This ia a fine room ex- tending through two stories, with a bronze balustrade, and panelled in foreign and domestic marbles. In this room all cash disbursements or payment of drafts on the Treasury are made. There is a cash vault for current moneys DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. 37 of the U. S. containing from $40,000,000 at a time, at the E. end of the room; and one overhead. A permit may be obtained, from II a. m. to 12 m., from the U. S. Treasurer, E, end of the corridor, to visit the vaults. Also the Redemption Division in the basement. Here may be seen the counting, by ladies, of notes sent to the Treasury for redemption, and the cancellation and destruction of the same. While in these apartments the Silver vaults of the Treasury will be shown. The two silver and gold vaults (closed) with a capacity for 80 and 132 million silver dollars, are in the sub-basement and under the Northern Court. From the Redemption Div sion proceed to the W. coTidor near the S. end of which is the Offire of ih^' Sii^eivisino^ Archittct of the Treasury. Here may be feen highly executed drawings of elevations and plans of the Public Build- ings erected by the U. S , peculiarly interesting to atchitects and civil engin- eers. Take the Elevator, S. E. corner to the Secretary's (2d) floor. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. This suit' of apartments is in the s. e. cor. of the building. In the adjacent S. co;ridor, and in the offices of the Secretary (3), and Assistants (7 and 9), and Chief Clerk (5), are the Portraits of the Secretaries of the Treasury. The messenger can arrange to view this gallery. On the W. corridor 3d floor above (Room. 35) are the quarters of the Secret Service Division of the Treasury, in which may be seen an interesting collection of implements used by counterfeiters, and photographs, or a "Rogues Gallery" of noted characters in this line. The Tre^isury Libm>y, 20,000 vols., may be reached by the stairway from this floor in the n w. cor. of the attic story. The Librarian will explain the features of interest. Returning to the 3d fl. take the E. corridor to the S. end, and thence by the ^/^ij^z/w descend to the ist fl , thence take the S. corridor to the S. main entrance and portico. The small Germanized-Swiss building directly S. is the Photograph Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury, open to specialists or others interested, from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. Enter by the E. door in the N. front and ascend to the operating room on the 2d floor. Here may be seen the printing of working plans of public buildings being erected by the U. S. After leaving this building proceed to 15th St. and Pa. Ave. Immediately 38 MONUMENT PARK AND THE MALL. S. on 15th St. is the Grand Opera Heuse and Armory oi the Washington Light Infantry, erected in 1884. At this point the tourist has a choice of routes, one directly to the Capi ol by street car, via Pa. Ave., and the other by a detour to the U. S. Fish Ponds, Washington ObeUsk, and points along The Mall, including the Pro- pagating Garden, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Department of Agri- culture, Industrial Hall, Henry Statue, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum, Medical Museum, and Central Station U. S. Fish Commission. It must be made afoot or in a conveyance. After leaving the Treasury Building and Photograph Office, and reaching 15th St., the tourist should proceed S. entering the President's Groimds, op- posite the Grand Opera House and \\'ashington Light Infantry Armory. BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING, (SEE PAGE 42.) T he park S. of private park of the Executive Mansion to the monument grounds is Grand Army Place, dedicated by a great military pageant Sept., 1892, during the National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, when 100,000 soldiers of the War of the Rebellion, 1861-5, and 300,000 spectators were gathered at the National Capital There is an excellent view of the S. front of the Executive Mansion and grounds. On the lawn, during the Summer season, on Saturdays, from May to October the U. S. Alar ne Band performs for the public from 5.30 to 7.30 p. m. A few steps S. on the W. is the entrance to the U. S. Fish Ponds, open fromS a. m. to 4 p. m. The W.. N. and S. Ponds are devoted to the propagation of Carp, and the smaller Ponds to ornamental fish. There is also a Turtle Pond. After leaving the U. S. Fish Ponds the tourist will proceed to : The Washington Obelisk or National Monument, is the loftiest U. S. FISH PONDS — WASHINGTON OBELISK. 39 construction of masonry in the world. The Shaft of Maryland marble is 555'4" high, SS'i^i" square at the base, and S^'S'A" ^t the top (500 ft. mark.) THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, (SEE PAGE 43. ) The walls are 15' thick at the base, and 18" at the top. The work was com- menced in 1848, and abandoned at 178' high in 1855. In 1876 the Govern" THE CONSERVATORIES— DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. ment took charge of the completion of the Obelisk and made liberal appro- priations to that end. In 1878, Lieut.-Col. Thomas L. Casey, U. S. Engi- ZZHS^ 46 WASHINGTON OBELISlC. neers in charge, and Capt. George W. Davis, 14th U. S. Infantry, assistant, were assigned to duty on the obeUsk. In Aug., 1884, the obeHsk reached 500', from which point the pyramidal roof began and was raised to 55', the cap stone being placed in po- sition Dec. 6, 1884 The interior is fitted with iron steps, 900 to the 500 ft. landing, and an elevator running to the top. On the inner walls are the stone tablets or blocks Contributed by the States =3., and Territories of the U. ^1=? S., Indian Nations, Foreign ^^ Governments, Municipali Kl;^ ties, rural Communities and !^|:f ^ Civicand Academic Organ- ^^^ izations. When work by the ^J Monument Society ceased, ^s; ^230,000 had been expen ed, and Congress approprt, ated $900,000. Total cos $1,300,000. The highest structure in the world nex' to the Washington Obelisk (55 5 '4".) will be the City Building, at Philadelphia, 537'. The next is the Cathe- dral at Cologne, Germany, the spires of which have an altitude of 524'ii". The Capitol of the U. S., to the top of the Statue of Freedom, is 287'. The Obelisk was formally opened to the public in 1888, ascensions to the top ^1^ being made by elevator free ^^B v\eek days from 9 A. M. to :^M^^' 5.30 P. M. Persons desiring y|g to view the tablets to the dif- ^p ferent landings may dosob - W^Z permission of the Supernt t n :S^ dent. [ _.l>*2!»*.,c WASHINGTON OBELISK. bUREAU ENGRAVING AND PRINTING DEP'X AGRICULTURE. 4I DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND VICINITY. From the Washington Obelisk a short walk will bring the tourist to the Pro- pagating Gardens, Public Grounds. Here trees, shrubs, flowers and foliage plants are grown for the ornamentation of the Public Parks and Reservations, under the direction of an officer of the U. S, A., assigned to the charge of public buildings and grounds. The forcing houses, nursery and collection of sub- tropical plants, are interesting. The tourist will now continue to the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, (see engraving page 38,) which stands on B and 14th Sts., s. w., and is open on Saturdays only, from 10 to 2 p. m. unless by special permission. General Applica- tion must be made to the officer of the watch, at the main entrance, who assign a proper person to conduct visitors and explain to them the interesting pro- cess of the manufacture of paper money and bonds. The building of brick in the Romanesque style, 22o'xi35', was erected in i878-'8o and cost $300,000. A short distance S. of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing is the historic Lo77g Bridge, over which the National Armies marched into Virginia during the Rebellion, i86i-'5. The track on 14th St. is a branch of the "Belt Line," from Pa. Ave. to the Bureau of En- graving and Printing. The grounds of the Department of Agriculture are artistically laid out. The building of the Depart- ment of Agriculture, open from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., was erected in 1868, is 1 7o'x6i', with a basement, 3 full stories and mansard roof, and cost $140,420. The points of chief interest within the broad Agricultural Grounds are: I. Industrial Hall, containing an exhibit of the pro- ducts of agriculture of the country, and other objects of interest. 2. Book and Seed Division, where 42 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION AND VICINITY. the publications and seeds of the Department are packed lor distribution. 3. The Conservatories, 320'x30', which contain a large collection of plants of SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, NATIONAL MUSEUM AND VICINITY. economic value. 4. Four Propagating Houses, viz. the Orange, Persimmon, Olive and Pine Apple Houses, and two for miscellaneous plants. 5. The Grapery, containing the finest varieties. 6. Rose House. 7. Stables. 8. Experimental Garden DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 43 The main entrance is on the N. and the Office of the Commissioner, No. 2 on the Diagram. Those who wish "to pay respects," can hand in their cards by the messenger. The Diagrams will indicate the points of interest in the building. FIRST FLOOR, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, First Floor. — A. Main Entrance. B. Main Staircase to the Library. C. and D. Private Stairways. I. Pomologist. 2. Office of the Commissioner of Agriculture. 3. Private Office of Commissioner. 4. Disbursing Office. 5. Ante-Room 6. Chief Clerk. 7. Stationary. 8. Ornithologist. 9. Chemist and Mineralogical Collection. 10. Chemist's Office, ii. Labora tory. 12, 13, and 14, Clerks. SECOND FLOOR, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. Second Floor.— K and B. Private Stairways. 15. Library ol Agriculture, 15,000 vols., also the painting •' Farmingin Dakota," 16. Museum of Botany, containing 150,000 specimens of dried plants of North America. 17. Botan- ist's Room, 18. Retiring and Store Rooms. 19. Clerks, 20, 21. Ento- mologist's Office. The Stairway B leads to the 3d fl. to the Microscopic, and to the Attic to the Forestry and Veternary Divisions in the W. wing. The Stairway A leads to the Statistical Division on the 3d fl. of the E. wing. o From the Agricultural Grounds the tourist will cross 12th St. (Map on page 42) and enter that portion of the Mall assigned to the Smithsonian Institution and National Museum, The first object of interest reached is 44 THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION HENRY STATUfe. Story's semi-heroic Bronze Statue of Prof. Joseph Henry, first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, N. of the W. wing of the Smithsonian Build- ing. This Statue was erected by Congress, unveiled in 1881, and cost $15,000. The small brick building W., is used by the Taxidernist. The Smithsonian Institution Build- ing is open from 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m. This structure, of the Norman Style of the 12th century, is 447'x 160', built of Potomac Sen- eca stone, in i847-'56; cost, $450,000. The Institution was founded by James Smithson, of London, England, who bequeathed his estate to his nephew for life, and thereafter "to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an establish- ment for the increase and diffusion of knowl- edge among men." The sum realized was $535,169. The building and maintenance has been paid for out of accretions of interest, the principal remaining intact. The First Floor of the main building contains the Ex- hibitim oj Birds of the National Museum, 8,000 specimens. The connecting range and cloister on the W. and the Gothic Hall at the extreme west, which are fire-proof, contain the former, the alcoholic collection of fishes which is very 1 irge and valuable, and the lat- ter, the collection of marine invertebrates, These represent many STORY'S HENRY. corals, and sponges faunal regions and are belter exhibited than any other museum in the world. The group America, in terra cotta, is a reproduction of one of the marble corner pieces of the Al- bert Memorial, Hyde Park, London. The panel of Lemoges Faience, 900 tiles, repre- sents the genus of man utilizing the waters of streams and storms, the fires of volcanos, and lightning. The entire E. wing is used by the Ad- ministrative Offices of the Institution, the National Museum. On the 2d fl. is the Anthropological Hall or collection of the De- partment ot Antiquities of the National Museum, the finest on this hemisphere. In the main Rotunda of the National fi-J Museum is "the Daguerre Memorial" in granite and bronze, to the discoverer of the art of permanently fixing an image on a given surface, executed by J. Scott Hartley, erected by the Photographers Asso- ciation of America, cost $10,000 Photographers Convention. hartley's daguerre. Unvailed August 12-15, 1890, during the SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NATIONAL MUSEUM. 45 The tourist will next continue his way a few steps towards the E. to the Romanesque structure occupied by the National Museum, open from 9 THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. a. m. to 4.30 p. m. Main entrance on the N. This edifice, one of the best, designed for the purpose, in the world, is of brick, 327'x327', covers 2.35 a., w?s erected in 1879 and cost $250,000. Over the entrance is an allegorical THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 46 THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. group representing Columbia as the protectress of Science and Industry. The Diagram will explain the arrangement of this interesting collection SCALE OF FEtT FLOOR PLAN OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. I. Main Entrance. 2. Main Vestibule. Here visitors may register their names and are required to deposit umbrellas, canes and packages, no fee being charged. 3 and 6, Telephone and Telegraph Rooms. 4 and 5, Superintendent's Office. 7 and 10. Engineer of Property. 9. Chemical Department. 8. Stairway to Balcony used by the Label Department. 11. Mam North Hall, Flemish Tapestry. Relics of Washington, Jackson, and Grant. Technical collection of Porcelains. Medals. Collections of U. S. Exploring Expedi- tions. 12. The Rotunda. Statuary and Fountain, Memorial Vases, Daguerre Memorial, (see p. 44) &c. The Stairways lead to the Galleries for the use of visitors. : 13. Northwest Court, Aboriginal Pottery Collection. 14. Lecture Hall. 15. Hallway to Executive Office. 16. Executive Office. 17. Library. The 2d fl. of this pavihon is devoted to Executive Offices. 18. Northwest Range. Graphic Arts. Also illustration of methods. NATIONAL AND MEDICAL MUSEUMS. 47 19. West Hall. Antiquities. 20. 1st fl. Curator of Materia Medica. 2d fl. Curator of Ethnology. 21. West Entrance, closed. 22. 1st fl. Property Clerk and Assistant Curator Department of Rocks. 2d fl. Curator of Ethnology. 23. Southwest Range. Department of Minerals. 24. Southwest Court. Departments of Melallurgy and Economic Geology. 25. Machinist's Labora- tory. 26. Engineer and Stairs. 27. Curator of Minerals. 28. West South Range, Department of Rocks and Physical Geology. 29. South Hall, Department of Mammals. 30. 1st fl. Curator of Invertebrate Palaeontology. 2d fl. Curator of Mam- mals. 31. South entrance, closed. 32. 1st fl. Office of Paleontologist. 2d fl. Curator of fossils. 33. East South Range, collection of Skeletons and Skulls. 34. 2d fl. Cur- ator of Insects, and Photographer. 1st fl. In the extreme corner is Public ComfoTi Room for gentlemen. 35 and 36. Public Comforl Room for ladies. 37. Southeast Range, Insects and Drugs and Medicines. 38. Southeast Court, Fossils. 39. East Hall, Transportation and En- gineering. 40 and 41. 1st fl. Cafe. 2d fl. Modeler. 42. East Entrance, closed. 43 and 44. Acting Curator of Food and Textiles, and Curator of Fish and Fisheries. 2d fl. Assistant Modeler. 45. Northeast Range, Ships _and Boat?. 46. Northeast Court, Arts and North Ornithologist — Eggs. Industries. 47. East Range, Fisheries. 48. Assorting Room, 49, 50. The Chemical Labratory of the U. S. Geological Survey. The Downing Vase, erected by the American Pomological Society to the memory of A. J. Downing who laid out these grounds, is N. of the building. THE ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. Immediately East of the National Museum, N. W. cor. B and 7 st. S. W., (see map page 42,) is the Army Medical Museum and Library Build- ing, entrance on B st. south, open from 10 a. m. to 3 p. m , erected 1886-8, Cluss & Schulze architects, brick, '°232'xi36' ground area, basement and three stories, with wings; cost, $200,000. 48 MEDICAL MUSEUM FISH COMMISSION. First Floor West Wing and Center, Clerks of the Pension Record Division, Surgeon General's Office. East Wing, Exhibit of army medical supplies. The buildings in the court are for anatomical purposes, and machinery. Second Floor, West Wing. Library, 200,000 volumes and pamphlets on medical subjects, and used in connection with the compilation of Index Cata- logue, 20 vols., 1,000 pp. each, the greatest work of the kind extent Center, Administrative. East Wing, Medical Museum, containing exhibits of wounds and diseases. At the Medical Museum the tourist will have reached the 7th St. horse cars. Before taking the cars he should visit, from this point, the U. S. Fish Com- mission Building, n. w. cor. B and 6th Sts., s. w. In the building ot the U. S. FisH Commission, Central Station, open from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m., entrance on 6th St., on the basement fl., from Oct. 20 to June 10, may be seen in operation the appliances and processes of fish hatching, and the distribution of Carp from the U. S. Fish Ponds, which the tourist is supposed to have already visited. THE WASHINGTON BARRACKS. The tourist should return to 7th St. and take the street cars S, in order to visit the Washington Barracks, and from thence the Washin^t,n Navy Yard. Having changed from the main line at Pa. Ave., (Map Page 42,) the cars pass the Central Market House, the finest in the city, on the r. They enter the Mall, the broad park wdrich connects the parks of the Executive Mansion and Washington Obelisk with the Botanic Gardens and Capitol Grounds. At the intersection of Md. Ave and C St. this line crosses the tracks of the B. and P. Steam R. R. leading W. to the Long Bridge and to Alexandria, and on Va. Ave, it crosses the connecting tracks of the B. and P. R. R. to Bal- timore. This portion of the city, on Md. and Va. Aves, is given up to the terminal facilities of the B. and P. R. R The line now passes the w harves of the Mount Vernon, Alexandria Ferry and other lines of Steamers. Arling- ton and Fort Myer may be seen on the hills in Virginia. At P St. the cars turn^E. to the main gate of the Washington Barracks Grounds. THE WASHINGTON BARRACKS. 49 WASHINGTON BARRACKS AND VICINITY. ' St. Ca. V j - f--) — HI-a7n/- T(trd>- L' 1 N .Si l' i / The Washington Barracks, the Grounds comprising 70 a , are open from sunrise to sunset. Visit- ors may pass the Sentry at the gate by stating their desire to view the grounc s. After entering the gate, on the r,, is the inner channel of the Potomac, taken by the hnes of Steamers to the Wharves. The Map will locate the points of interest within the Barracks Grounds. I. Main gate. 2. Guard House. 3. Hospital. 4. Magazines. 5. Firin: Stand of Rifle Range. 1 his Range 1,000 yards long, is the finest in the Eastern Sta'e<. Prnt.- ticing by the Artillery Team daily, from 9 to II a. m., v^'eaiher perniit- ling. 6. P'ish Ponds. 7. Com- manding and 8 Field Officers Quar- ters. 9. Guard House. In front of this site stood the scaffold upon which Mrs. Surratt and the other conspirators in the assassination of President Lincoln v ere hanged. 10. Headquarters Washing- ton Barracks. II. Ofhcer's Quarters. 12. Commissary, Quarter- master, and Ordnance Offices 13. Barracks. 14 Stables. 15. Barracks 16. Store, 17. Bake, 18 Ice, 19, and 20, Tool Houses. 21. Gard- ener's Cottage. 22. Store House. 23. Wagon Shed. 24. Battery Park. 25 and 26 Carpenter Shop. 27. Wood and Coal Houses. 28. Battel y Stables. 29. Married Mtn'b Quarters. 30. Ban' Quarters. 31 to 37, Officer's Quarters. 38. Butt of Firing Range. 39, Wharf on Anacostia. 40. Wharf on Potomac where the as- sassin Booth's, body was landed. Alexandria may be seen on the Va. side, and the Governme^ t Insane Asylum on th ■ hill on the D. C. side 41. Battery Drill Ground with Mortars and Guns. Drilling 10 a. m. daily except Sundays, and un- favorable weather. 42. Garrison Flag Staff. 50 THE WASHINGTON NAVY YARD. After leaving the main gate of the Barracks grounds, a short walk on 4^ St. to M St., S. will bring the tourist to the line of the Anacostia and Poto- mac Horse R. R., and proceed to the Navy Yard. This line crosses the James Cre k Canal, walled on both sides, 6' deep, and is used by boats laden with wood, stone and sand. It also forms the out- let of the great Tiber Sewer, which may be seen at the N. end. Across the Anacosta, crowning the hill is thejjGovernment Hospital for the Insane. The tourist at 8th St. E. alights in front of the imposing entrance to the Yard. From this point this line of cars continues to nth St. E., thence across the Anacostia to a point near' the Insane Asylum. THE WASHINGTON NAVY YARD AND GUN FOUNDRY. The Navy Yard and^Gun Foundry is^o^en from"sunrise to sunset, daily, except Sunday. Visitors can enter by speaking to the Sergeant of the marine guard at the gate. The Yard comprises 42 a. onUhe N. bank of the Anacostia, or Eastern Branch of the Potomac River, about I m. frv m its confluence with the latter stream. It is accessible to vessels of 20' draught. It is now the chief Yard for the manufacture of naval supplies, and one of the most^com- ple'e gun foundries in the world. The numbers on the Map direct the tourist to the places of interest. 1. Main Gate. On the r. are the Headquarters of the Marine Guard and Guard Room, and on the 1. Marine Officer's Quarters. A, is the Flag Staff. The Guns were captured from the Tripolitan pirates. 2. Office of Commandant. Here permits may be obtained to enter the shops or go aboard the vessels. 3. Residence of the Commandant. 4. Resi- dence of the Captain of the Yard. 5. Officer's Quarters. 6. Dispensary. byi. Civil Engineer's Of^ce. 7. Residence of the Ordnance Officer 8. Western Gate. 9. Museum of Naval Relics and Weapons. 10. Stables. 1 1 Laboratory. 12. Ordnance Store House, containing an interesting collection of Ship's. Guns. 13. Laboratory. 14. Paint Shop. 1$. Magazine. 16 and 17, Ordnance Shops. 18. Gun Park. 19. Ordnance Foundry. NAVY YARD, MARINE BARRACKS, ETC. 51 NAVY YARD AND MARINE BARRACKS. 20. Saluting Battery. 21. Saw Mill. 22. West Ship House. ifn i^^ D I (^) I M To Cong. Cem . — » _::^ D D D ^TTfi I I ! 1 1 M n 1 -^' I I 1 1 ( 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 ^1 M I I i tD^ -- r- - c'=' 1 rtsa™ 1 [ p-^ East Capitol St., a thoroughfare 160'^ wide with a fine vista of America, m Elms and North Carolina Poplars extending from Lincoln Square W. to East Capitol Park. At 9th St., E., on East Capitol St., he may take the ball's EMANCIPAIION. GREENE STATUE U. S. PENSION BUILDING. 55 Horse Cars of the East Capitol St. line of the Metropolitan R, R., fare 5 cts , or 6 tickets for 25 cts., good on all lines, thus commencing the return tour, via. the Capitol and to places of interest in the northern central parts of the city and west end. At 8th "St. n e. the building with the pointed towers seen on the hills N. of the city, is the Deaf and Dumb Asylum. At 5th St., n. e. the tourist should leave the cars for a short walk along that street, N. to Stanton Square, where stands Brown's Bronze Equestrian Statue of the Revolutionary General, Nathaniel Greene. The total cost, to include pedestal, was $50,000. From this point a fine view of the Capitol can be had by looking along Md. Ave. towards the s. w. The large building fronting this square on the S. is the Pea body Pjtblic School. Returning to the line of street cars at 3d St., n. e. the route continues to ist St., n. e. passing the brown's GREENE, new Congressional Library Building and along the Capitol Park. The large, now private building, on the s. e. cor. of Md, Ave. and^ist St., after the burnif^g of the Capitol in 181 4, was occupied by Congress. Dur- ing the War of the Rebellion, i86i-'65, it was used as a prison for[political offenders. lAlsowithin those walls was hanged Wirz, the prison keeper of Andersonvile. r r r ' F r ^ : F r f F iMA. (MT^ JCt''-- THE U. S. PENSION BUILDING. At 4th St. and Indiana Ave., the line reaches Judiciary Square, passing on the r. the U. S. Court House and Lincoln Column, by Lot Flannery, erected by contributions of patriotic citizens. The former was erected in i82o-'4.9 56 JUDICIARY SQUARE, INTERIOR DEPT. AND VICINITIES. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT AND VICINITY. : :H^ NorOAP. D J i! ft a a ra -J' n J l I I ! I M I I II I M I I I ! - TOWN, now known as West Washington, is the most important )lt is separated from the Capital by Rock Creek. It lies at the head of navigation on the Potomac River and nestled in the beautiful hills at the foot of the Little Falls of that stream presents a picturesque appearance. Its population in 1880 was 12,578. This is made the initial ox starting point of this complete tour of the magnificient governing City of the Nation. In order to reach Washington the tourist, having visited the places of interest in this portion of West Washington, (Geo'i.'n), including the Post- office and Custom House, a granite edifice, may take the horse cars of the Washington and Georg town R. R., which start at High (32) St., \\'., and thence proceed E. on Bridge (M) St. Should the tourist desire to visit the Boat Houses, he will not take the cars at this point, but proceed by High (32d) St., crossing the Chesapeake and Ohio canal by a stone bridge, and passing the Grace P. E. Ch. on the 1., to the fine Boat Houses of the Columbia and one square W , of the Poto- mac Boat Clubs. The janitor will show visitors through the buildings, which are complete in all their appointments and well worthy of a visit by persons interested in aquatic sports. The Analostan Boat House may be seen fur- ther down the river shore. Just above in the Potomac channel, is the "finish" of the National Boat Course. From the Columbia and Potomac Boat Houses, the tourist would do well to return to Bridge (M) St., and tl ence visit the Washington Aqueduct Bridge, by proceeding along Bridge to Green (29th) St., to the Fountain, where he will leave the line of the car track and by a direct and short course reach the point desired. This symmetrical structure spans Rock Creek and carries the water supply of Washington over that stream from the great mains on the West Washington side, through two 48 in. iron pipes to the Washing- ton side, the pipes forming an arch of 290 ft. span which supports a road- way and connects Washington and West Washington. At the foot of the W abutment are the pumping engines used for supplying the High Service Reservoir. This may be visited by permission obtained at the Aqueduct office, at the W. end of the bridge. The view from this bridge overlooks the terminal locks and basins of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, the Wharves and Potomac River; and the narrow and deep ravine through which Rock Creek finds its way from the picturesque hills of the interior, to the Potomac. The iron truss bridge near by connects M with Bridge (M) St., n. w., and is used by the W. & G. line of street cars. A short walk along Pa. Ave. will bring the tourist back to the line of cars. Street Car Route.— West Washington to Washington Statue. Should the tourist not desire to specially visit the objects of interest men- tioned, he will take the. street cars at any point on Bridge (M)St., and in crossing Rock Creek, view the Washington Aqueduct and Bridge on\h&%. from the cars. The same view of the valley of the stream will also be had, looking N. or S. WASHINGTON STATUE — NAVAL OBSERVATORY. 6i {Continued from Page 59.) After passing 24th St. we reach Washington Circle and Statue. Here the tourist may leave the cars to take a view of the colossal Equestrian Statute of General George Wash- ington, by Clark Mills, ordered in 1853, and cost $50,000. The tourist at Washington Circle has the option of returning to the cirs and continuing along Pa. Ave to the group of points of interest in the ^"^ vicinity of the Executive mansion, or by a short detour afoot, can visit the ^^ Analostan Boat House (See P. 60) ;^ and Naval Observatory, soon to be removed. Arriving at the gate, enter p the Observatory grounds and pro- ^" ceed to the N. door, or main entrance ^_^^^ (open from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m ) of the ^ main building, and touch the electric "^bell. The first building reached on mill's WASHINGTON. the E. is the Residence of the Super- intendent, not open to the public. The messenger in the main building will make the arrangements to see the many objects of interest. U. S. NAVAL OBSERVATORY. With the aid ot the numbers which run from the central pier We t, Ea s and South the visitor will befer understand the explanations. I. Pier of brick 12' in diameter and 28' high which supports the smaller equatorial. The "Meridian of Washington" passes through the centre of this dome. The Time-ball is dropped every day at 12 M. from the ma-t an! simnltaneously the time is transmitted to all parts of the U. S H. Office of the Superintendent. HI and IV. Offices. V. Packing Room. VI. Room of the Mural Circuit and Transit. VII. Chronometer Room in which chronometers are kept and rated for the use of the Navy, and from which the standard mean-time is despatched to^all parts of the U. S., in connection with the time-ball on the smaller dome. 62 STATUES OF THOMAS AND LUTHER. VITL Library containing 13,000 vol- umns relating to Astronomy and kindred sciences. IX. Standard Sidereal Clock. X. Transit Circle. XI. Prime Vertical Transit. XII. Machine Shop. XIII. Room of Officer in charge of the great Equatorial. XVI, Sleeping apartments of the same. XV. The great Equatorial. Object glass, 26". This is one of the largest telescopes of the kind in the world. It cost $47,000. The dome is 41' in diameter and 40' high. The in- strument is run by a reaction water- wheel. XVI. Residence of the Superintendent. The rooms on the second fl. of the ma'n building are used by officers and profes- sors in charge of instruments. A new observatory is being erected. A view may be had of the River Park, reclaimed by the Government at a vast expense. At the foot of the hill the En- glish General Braddock, landed his troops preparatory to his march from Alexandria, Va., to the fatal banks of the Mononga- hela, in 1755. TI lOMAS AND LUTHER STATUES. Starting at New York Ave. and ^t., passing the Young Mot's Christian As.-oc ation on the 1., the cars turn N into 14th St , W. At M St, is the Ihon^e S'l'ATUE of Gen. George I Thomas, by J. Q. A. Ward, erected in 1879 by the Society of the Army of the Cumberland, cost, $40,000. Immedi- ately N.are the Memorial Lutheran , — j — Church, and heroic Bronze Statue 4) of Martin Luther, the German ^ Religious Reformer, a replica of the central figure of the Luther Memo- rial, or Reformation Group, by Reitschel, at Worms, Germany, erected by an association of Luther- ^ ans in 1884, in commemoration of the 400h anniversary of the Re- ormer'sbirth, Nov. 10, 1483, cost, with pedestal, $io,ooc. The cars continue to Boundary. The Garficlu J^ Hospital is at the N. end of I ith St., ^' W. STATUE OF THOMAS. THOMAS AND LUTHER STATUES GOV'T PRINTING OFFICE. 63 THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE AND DEAF MUTE COLLEGE. The tourist desiring to visit the Government Print- ing Office will take the Columbia Horse Cars. This line begins on New York York Ave. at 15th St , W., After crossing 14th !^t., for points of in- tei est along his course, the tourist will follow his route on the Map, At N. Capitol St. he will alight, and on that street enter the Government Print- ing Office, open from 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. Ascend to the 2d fl., the messenger will make the necessary ar- are the Press and Proof- the Composing Rooms and ward's THOMAS. rangements. On the 1st fl reading Rooms; 2d fl. Offices; 3d fl , the Bindery, and 4th fl.. Folding Room From the Government Printing Office the streetcar S KEITSCHEL'S LUTHER. &4 DEAF AND DUMB COLLEGE ENVIRONS. continue E. At 7th St., n. e. the tourist may leave the cars and j^jbav the o; Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, at the N, end of that street. The Institution is open on Thursday for visitors to the School. It is sus- tained by Congress for the use of the District of Columbia and the Army and Navy. A Collegiate Department, open to both sexes is attached. The main building is of the pointed gothic style, and contains the Chapel, Lecture Rooms, &c. IHE COLUMBIA INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB — CHAPEL. The large buildings near by are the Dormitories, Classrooms, «S:c. The horse cars from 7th St., E., continue to the E. Boundary of the city. Opposite is Uraceland Cemetery, and a short distance N. on the Baltimore Turnpike, is Mount Olivet, Roman Catholic Cemetery. Wirz, the Ander- sonville Prison Keeper, is buried here. Two miles beyond is the Reforvi Sc/iool, established in 1866, which occupies the site of Ft. Lincoln. The touiist may return by the same route or walk to Lincoln Square and thence return by the Metropolitan R. R. THE ENVIRONS OF WASHINGTOJN". (pp HE immediate vicinity of Washington presents a number of places of in- ^K\ terest to invite the attention of the tourist, and which, if time pe ^^ terest to invite the attention of the tourist, and which, if time permits, Lii should be visited before leaving the City. (See Rates of Public Convey- ances.) NORTH OF WASHINGTON. The regions along the northern boundary of Washington present many ob- jects of interest in nature and art. The country, particularly in a north- westerly direction, is exceedmgly picturesque. The spurs of the outlying foot hills of the Blue Ridge mountains impinge upon the very C( nfines of the Capital in the picturesque Heights of Georgetown, which are studded with many beautiful villas, some dating back to colonial times. The scenery along the river road of the Potomac, or along the "conduit" road on the crest of the hills is very picturesque. soldiers' home FORT STEVENS. 6s Leaving West Washington via Georgetown and Tenallytovv^n E. R. R., a ride of three miles, through a region beautifully diversified by hill and dale, copse and me .dow, brings the tourist o "Oak View," President Grover Cleveland's former summer residence, and the site of the proposed Metho- dist University. Steps are urder way to secure the funds for the erection of the buildings. Bishop Hurst is the chief promoter of the movement. On almost every commanding el vation maybe seen some trace of the cordon of forts which formed the defenses of Washington during the War of the Rebellion. The ma]:* will indicate the most prominent points of interest. Soldiers' Home, NationalCemetery, Rock Creek Church, Bright- wood, Ft. Stevens, Battle Cemetery, and Mt. Pleasant.— To the Sol- diers' Home is the fashionable drive, particularly of a Summer evening. Leaving the City by 7th St. to Whitney Ave., the L-rge building oi the hill on the r., after pass- ing the Boundary, is the Htnuard -6^«/z/^rj-//j', incorporated 1867 for the education of youth, (colored,) irrespective of color or sex. A Normal School is attached. The New Reservoir \% '^\x's>\. t2i'i^\. An- other outward route is by NeA' York Ave. and N. Capitol St , and Lincoln Ave , passing GLmvood Cemtiery, 90 a. beautifully laid out, with many fine monuments. The Soldiers' Home is for Regulars or Volunteers who served in the Mexican War, and privates in the Regular Army. It was founded by an appropria- tion of the pillage money levied by Gen. Scott on the City of Mexico After entering the grounds, which comprise 500 a., may be seen near the buildings the heroic Statue of Gen Winfield Scott, by Launt Thompson, erected in 1874 by the Home, in honor of its founder, cost, $18,000. After viewing the fine buildings and the " Capitol Vista," leave the grounds by the N. gate and visit the National Military (Cemetery, containing 5,424 graves, and the gianite Mettiorial CJupel cox\\.'aA\\\w'g the remains of Gen. John A. Logan. Also RocK Creek (St Paul's Episcopal) Church and Cemetery, adjoining, the oldest in the District of Columbia, erected 1719, of imported bricks, and remodeled in 1868. Thence drive to Btightwo.d, and thence to Ft. Stevens, the scene of a severe battle and defeat of a Confed- erate force in July, 1864, and the nearest approach of the enemy to Washington. A Methodist Chuich now stands on the site. A short distance beyond is the Bati I.E Cemetery where the killed were interred. 1 eiurn to the City by the road leading to the right at Brightwood, -nd parsing through Mount PLas- anf, one of the N. suburbs, enter Washington at I4lh St., V\' The large building on the hill at the head of 15th St., W.. is ihe \V,iy laud Seminary, founded in 1865, by the Baptists, for the education of colored p'eachers. Cabin-John and Chain Bridges, and Little and Great Falls of the Potomac. — The round-trip is 30 m. from Rock Creek, Leave West the soldiers home. 66 RESERVOIR AQUEDUCT FALLS OF POTOMAC. Washington by T (7th) St., to the Conduit Road, The first point, 2 m., is the Distributing Reservoir^ 33 a. ; capacity, 300,000,000 galls, elevat'n, 144.' Here the mains to the city commence, and here the 9-ft. cylindrical Conduit from the Great Falls of the Potomac terminates. The next point, 2 m., is the Receiving Reseivoir, capacity, 163,000,000 galls. Resuming the drive on the Conduit, 3 m, is Glen Echo, Maryland, and its Chattauqua Amphitheater and other buildings and Cabin-John Bridge, the longest arch of ma- sonry, 220' with 57>^' rise, in the world. The Bridge is 400' long, cost, $237,000. A good dinner may be had at the hotel. The Conduit road contmues to the Great Falls of the Potomac, the starting point of the Aque- duct, 8 m. distant. The entire delivering capacity of the Reservoir is 80,- 000,000 gals, in 24 hours, cost $3,500,000. From Cabin-John Bridge, at the Distributing Reservoir, take the road to the r, to Chain Bridge, so named because the original structure was protected from the violence ol freshets by chains, and return by the river roa' along the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and Little Falls of the Potomac, to West \\ashington. Naval Observatory. — One half mile north of Georgetown, take electric cars, High street road, Georgetown, near the Tenleytown road, on the line of Massachusetts Ave. extended, and on a commandmg elevation overlooking a vast stretch of city and country, is situated the new Naval Observatory. The tract, purchased in 1881, embraces 62 a., cost $72,000. In '87, Con- gress appropriated $400,000 for buildings, erected '88-91, viz: main building 307^x62', great equatorial house dome with a radius 22^', clock house for time service, east and west transit circle houses, 2 observers and prime vertical buildings, I boiler house, all New York marble. (Suburban Routes, p. 68.) The Rock Creek Park. — This picturesque stretch of ground on both sides of Rock Creek, accessible by street cars leading into the extreme N. W. section of Washington, begins on the N. of the blagden Mills road where inter.sected by W. line, i6th St. extended, and comprises 1980 a. or 3 m. long, purchased by A. Cong. '90, for $1,200,000. This park will be beauti- fied by drives, walks, and other embellishments of the landscape gardener. Zoological Park. — This interesting locality, adjacent to the Rock Creek Park, and near Woodly Lane, i mile N. W. of Washington, is one of the most extensive establishment of the kind in the world. The ground, 166 a., was purchased by Cong., 1889, for $176,128. The proper structures are being erected and the ground is otherwise being placed in order. (See Suburban Routes, Rock Creek (Chevy Chase) E. Ry., p. 68 ) The Catholic University, reached by the Eckington and Soldiers' Home E. R. R. from 15th and G Streets, or New Vork Avenus at 7th Street N. W., 3 m., occupies a site at theN. terminus of 4th Street E. The granite and Potomac blue stone building is spacious. Ring at the main ei trance. The room on the right contains some fine paintings, one of Miss Marial Cuendalinal Caldwell, whose gift of $300,000 led to the founding of the in stitution for theology and philosophy. In the N, hall is a collossal marble statue of Pope Leo XIII, by Guiseppe Lucetti, presented by Count Joseph Loubat, of New York. Cost, $20,000. Unveiled 1891. The chapel is also fine. The building nearby is occupied by the Paulist fathers. The McMohon Hall of Philosophy, at right angles to the Divinity building, was the gift ot Rev. James McMahon. The basement is Port Deposit granite. The super- structure Potomac blue stone trimmed with Woodstock granite. Cost $350,- 000. Erected 1892-94. Educational chiefly in social sciences. (See Subur- ban Routes, p. 68.) INSANE ASYLUM CAVALRY BARRACKS ARLINGTON. 67 SOUTH OF THE ANACOSTIA RIVER. Anacostia and the Government Hospital for the Insane, — This trip may be very conveniently made afoot. Take the W. and G. R. R. to the Navy Yard, and there get a transfer ticket on the Anacostia and Potomac R. R. and cross the Navy Yard Bridge to Anacostia, and within I m. of the Asylum. The Government Hospital for the Insane, (visiting days, Wednesdays from 2 to 6 p. m., and friends of patients every day except Sun- day,) was founded in 1855. The main building, 75o'x20o', occupies a com- manding site overlooking the two rivers and the City, and has 550 single rooms. The W. wing is for males, and the E. for female patients. There are accommodations in all the buildings for 1,000 patients. GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. SOUTH OF THE POTOMAC RIVER. Ft. Myer, Arlington and National Cemetery. — These places, open every day from sunrise to sunset, can be easily reached afoot by those choos- ing this means of visiting them, by taking the W. and G. R. R., to the Georgetown Aqueduct. There is a fixed charge of $5 for carriages. After cross'ng the Iron Bridge at the Aqueduct, take the militiry road to the r. following the army telegi aph line to Ft. Myer, i m. This is the sta- tion of the cavalry of the garrison of Washington. Pass through the Fort and follow the road leading to the rear gate of the National Cemetery. The main drive will lead to Arlington House. This was the home of G. W. Parke Custis, the adopted son of Gen. Washington, and later of Robert E. Lee, after 186 1, Commander of the Confederate Forces in the Rebellion of i86i-'5. There are buried here over 16,000 soldiers. In front of the man- sion is the grave of General Sheridan. To the north are other officers buried. The granite sarcophagus, S. of the mansion, contains the bones of 2,111 un- known soldiers. The Superintendent will give further information. From the Mansion return to Washington by Long Bridge, or by direct road back to West Washington. The latter being nearer. The entire distance by this route, is 3^ m. 68 SUBURBAN RAILWAY ROUTES. SUBURBAN RAILWAY ROUTES. (Cars start at short intervals. Fare, 5 cents, 6 tickets, 25 cents. All tickets good on all roads. ^ At the N. terminus of the 7th st. br. W. & G. Cable Ry. take the Bright- wood Electric Rtv^y by Brightwood ave. (old 7th st, roadj, through an in- teresting country, passing Howard University and Petworth addition, to Brightwood 3 m. Beyond on 1. is the Methodist Ch. on the site of Ft. S' evens 1861-5, the battlefield of July, 1864, the cemetery on r , which con- tains the killed in that engagement. The cars continue to the r. to Takoma Park Inn and station on the B. & O R. R. i>^ m. Direct to Dist. line 3 m. Silver Spring hamlet % m. beyond. From Florida ave. (Boundary) the 14th St. and W. br. of the W. & G. Ca- ble Rw'y (see p. 2j continues north along 14th st., a broad avenue with may elegant dwellings, to Mount Pleasant (Park st.), one of the finest suburban sections of the Capital. At Kenyon st. a br. of the Brightwood El. Rw'y (p. 68) extends from 14th St., W. , to the main line on 7th st. , W. , and the Soldiers' Home. The Eckington and Soldiers' Home El. Ry., from I5th^and G. sts., N. W. on G, passing Interior Departm^itt, Patent Office, C&y P. O., Pension Building. Exchange tickets on ''Belt" and Anacostia lines at nth St., to 5th St., thence N. to New York ave. at Northern Liberty Market and Con- vention Hall. Exchange tickets to main line from 7th and N. Y. ave., thence on N. Y. ave. to city boundary 1% m., thence to Eckington. The suburban hotel is the ancient Gales mansion. Here a branch line every 25 min. runs to Glenwood, St. Mary's and Prospect Hill cemeteries ^ m. The main line continues i m. to the grounds of the Catholic University and to the Hare- wood gate to the Soldiers' Home, 100 yds from junction of Harewood and Bunker Hill roads. The buildings of the Home are about J^ m from this gate. The Rock Creek (Chevy Chase) El. Rwy. Starts at 7th and Boundary (Florida ave.) sts. N. W., at the 7th st. br of the W. &. G. Cable Rwy. and extends along M st., intersecting the 9th and 14th st. Roads to i8th st. W., thence by i8ih to Boundary, thence across High bridge into Connecticut ave. extended, passing the gate to the Zoological g rden, through Chevy Chase to the terminus at the Baltimore and Ohio R. R. station. The entire route is one of interest. The Georgetown and Tenaljtown ^ I. Rrvy. AVater st. to D. C. line 4 m. Take cars at W. and G. Cable Rwy , 32d St., Georgetown. This line follows 32d or High st., passing High Service reservoir and suburbs of Georgetown. At Holy Road cemetery on 1 it follows Wisconsin ave , passing the gate to Naval Observatory, Industrial Home School, Tunlaw Heights, President SUBURBAN RAILWAY ROUTES. 69 Cleveland's Summer Home, 1887-89, and lower down the same slope his summer retreat, " Woodley," 1893, At the terminus one El. line extends 3^ m. to Glen Echo on the Potomac, another 3 m. to Bethesda Park. Fare each 5 cents additional. At the Navy Yard bridge (continued from page 6), the Washington and Anacostia H. R. R. continues along Monroe st. into Nicholls ave. and ter- minates within ^ m. cf the Government Hospital for the Insane. See p. 67. The Washington and Arlington EL vVt^jj/. south end of Aqueduct bridge, is reached from the Georgetown end of the W. & G Cable Rwy., afoot or in conveyance across the Aqueduct bridge. At Rosslyn the road runs through Ft. Mver, the cavalry parrison of Washington, to Arlington National ceme- tery, with surveys of extension, to connect with the Mount Verron El. Ry. at Alexandria, and also bringing the road across the Potomac into George- town. V\ Dt 7P MOUNT VERNON. MOUNT YEKNON. S the progress of time renders more remote the events which make the life and character of George Washington pre emment in the history of tlie Republic, the interest of Americans and visiting people of all climes ^'and of all degrees of rank and conditions of life in the home and tomb of the great patriot deepens and widens. Lines of Access. — There are two ways of reaching Mount Vernon, one by water, daily, except Sunday, and the other by Steam and Electric R. R., or Ferry, hourly, daily, but no admission to grounds on Sundays (See page 71). The Water Route, total dis- tance 14 miles, to Mount Vernon frc7m Washington is by fast and commodious steamer, making a daily trip, except Sundays, leaving whaif, at the foot of 7th street W., at 10 a. m., returning at 2:30 p. m. Fare, round trip, 50 cents ; ad- mission to grounds, 25 cents. On the L, proceeding down the Washington Channel are the JVashington Barracks (See page 49). The vast stretch of land on the r is the reclaimed marshes of the Potomac. On the Virginia hills beyond is Arlifigton (See p. 67), and to the r. Ft. Myer (See p. 67). To the 1 of Arlington is the Fairfax Episcopal Seminary. Reaching the mouth of the Anr co'tia, or Eastern Branch of the Potomac, on the 1., i m. distant, is the U. S. Navy Yard and Gun Foundry (See p. 50). On the crest of the hill is the Government Hasp tal fur the Insane (See p. 67). On the 1 below Giesboro Point are the U. S. Naval Magazines, and still below the s. terminus of the Baltimore and Ohio R. R. Opposite is the ancient city of Alexandria, the first stop of the steamer (See p. 71). Leav- ing Alexandria on the r., n the steps of the Light House at Jones' Point, is the initial or corner-stone of the lines of the Federal Territory, planted in 1 791. The stream is Big Hunting creek The steamer next touches at Ft. Foote, on the Maryland side, once a barbette work on the crest of the bluff 100 feet above the river and one of the cordon of defenses of Washington and Alexandria during the War of the Rebellion, abandoned 1878. *V?: MOUNT VERNON. 71 On the 1. below and opposite Mt. Vernon the steamer touches at Fort Washington, a stone casemated work erected 1815-24, and cost $560,000. It occupies a site at the mouth of Piscataway, the scene, in 1676, of a massacre of Indians by the troops of Maryland and Virginia in retaliation for a similar outrage upon settlers. In 1794-181 r Fort Warburton, named after the manor house built there, the location having been suggested by Washington, was blown up and abandoned by the garrison in 1814, upon the advance of the British fie t. The steamer now heads for the Mt. Vernon landing, 4 m. distant, on the Virginia shore. The wharf 'v-> on the site used by Washington for loading sloops with his " George Washington, Mount Vernon " brand of flour, ground at his own mills and highly esteemed for quality. The pavillion was erected in 1891 by the Vice Regent of California, The buildings lower down, on the Maryland side, are Marshall Hall, an ancient Colonial residence, and now a popular summer resort for the people of the capital. From the boat the visitors wend their way up the ravine. On either side are tall forest trees, sweet briar, trailing ar- butus and wild flowers. The willows were brought from the grave of Napoleon. The great Corsician highly admired the character and deeds of the foremost American, and announced his death to his army in Egypt. The first object of interest on the way is the Tomb. Tomb of Washington.— A simple brick mortuary structure, erected in conformity with Washington's will. It was occupied by the re- mains of Washington on April 19, 1831. Through the iron screen in the vaulted ante-room, 15 x 12 feet, may be seen on the r* the plain marble sar- cophagus containing all that is left of the mortal existence of George v\ ashington., Urder the coat of arms of the U. S , carved in relief on the lid is the simple word "Washington '' The smaUer marble sarcophagus on the 1., inscribed " Martha— Consort of Washington — Died May 21, 1801, aged 71 years, tells the solemn story of its occupant, llie sarcophagi were wrought out of Pennsylvania marble by John Struthers, of Philadelphia, and presented by him. The remains of Washington were placed in that simple casket October 7, 1837 and those of Mrs. Washington at the same time. The inner vault, which contains the remains of about 30 members of the collateral branches of the Washington family, was then closed and the key cast into the Potomac. In the vicinity of the tomb are monuments to collateral members of the family. In the construction of the Capitol an undercroft and crypt were provided in the very centre of the mighty pile for the remains of Washington (See p''ge.. 22j. In 1832 a second effort was made by Congress to remove the remains of Washington to the Capitol, Mrs. Washington, before her death, having given her consent in a letter to the President. The representative of the family and the State of Virginia opposed the removal, which was abandoned. 72 MOUNT VERNON. The visitors by water are now conducted to other points of interes , else- where described. All Rail Route. — Take trains at Baltimore and Potomac (Pennsylvania) R. R. station, 6th street, one sq. s. of Pennsylvania avenue. Fare, round trip, to Mount Vernon, 45c. Time, 2|^ hrs., ^ hr. in grounds. Take Alexandria Ferry at 7th st. wharf. Fare, round trip, 35c. to Mt. Vernon. Mount Vernon Grounds open from 1 1 a. m. to 4 p. m., week days. Ad- mission, 25c. Cars e/ery 20 minutes. Distances: Washington, South End Long Bridge, 2.0; Waterloo, 3.1 ; Four- Mile Run, 4 5; W. O. & W. Junction, 5.1 ; St. Asaph Junction, 5.6; Alex- andria, 6.7- Trains leave the Washington station for Alexandria almost hourly from 4:30 a. m to 11:30 p. m., and the same number return at about equal intervals (see time tables and pablic prints) Along the route on the 1. may be seen the remains of the Alexandria br. (incorporated 1830) of the Chesapeakt and Ohio Canal. At the Alexandria station excursionists take the cars of the Washington, Alxandria and Mount Ionian Electric Raihuay, which depart upon arrival of trains from Washington, for Mount Vernon. Fare, loc. each way. The city of Alexandria Va., population, 14,339, was an early Colonial seat of trade first known as "Hunting Creek Warehouse." then Bellhaven, which, in 1 749, was placed un- der a Board of Trustees by Colonial enactment, of which later Geo. Washing- ton was a member. In 1779 it was incor- porated and named Al- exandria. In 1789 it was ceded to the U. S. as part of the Federal Territory. On August 28, 1814, it was ran- somed from the British, and in 1846 it was retroceded to Virginia. Its municipal, religious, educational, political, business, masonic and social activity for a period of 45 years was largely associated with the daily life of George Washington. The great patriot voted here fiist in 1754, and last, just before his death, in 1799 On Washington street is Christ Episcopal Church, built in 1765-83, of im- ported bricks, and of which Washington was a vestryman. His pew, No. 59, THE MANSION, MOUNT VERNON, (looking toward the river). MOUNT VERNON. 73 is on 1 of the 1. aisle. Pew No. 46 was occupied by General Robert E. Lee, Confederate commander, 1861-5. In the rear of one of the principal hotels is the " Carey House." the head- quarters of General Braddock, where Major George Washington, aid, in 1755, made his appeal to the British General in the presence of the Governors of Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, Maryland and Virginia to abandon European tactics of war and adapt his methods to the nature of the country and the enemy, the spurning of which advice, from a Colonial officer, cost 3. SBPnmtaBdL 5. iBBnaiy: 6< aDD&eHoosr. 7. dol^ Office^ 9. \D. Wan Housct II. rireProot la :Tew Ice House. IS, Servants QjiaOBU, 14, GsenUbusev 15, Scrraals Qoaners. IR. New Green HouBP, 17. 33, Seal Houses. lA Oldlceliiiiwe. 20. Bam, Hi. Com House, fnevr.) iking 22. Suinmrr House and ViiiJilt 23. Old Tomb, NcYirTomb, 2'5. VcgcwWe Gardm. ii6. FlowecCai3t\K U7., Lnwiu ''. Front Lavn. 29. Monument to J. A Washr ingfoDi 30 Momnnenllo JuageWftfiK- ington and wlie.^ 31. Monument 1o Mrs. Conrad. 32. JtfbimmenlfaEIeanorFar&e. LewiV. of the i^rounds around the MIYERKON MANSION ttith tfte names orjhcBiuIdinffS iisusetlfft Deer Park. ROTO MA o DIAGRAM LOCATING ALL OBJECTS OF INTEREST. Braddock his life and the rout of his troops on the banks of the Monon gahela. The Marshall (Jaclson) House was the scene of the shooting of Colonel Ellsworth, 1 861, by the proprietor, after hoisting the Union flag upon the oc cupation of the town by his command. In the court of the Mansion House, on Fairfax street, stands Washington's headquarters. There is a fine City Hall and also other public and historic structures. Near the city is a National Cemetery, containing the remains of 3,635 soldiers of the War of the Rebellien, 1861-5. The W\, A. Mt. V. El. Ry. is 10^ ni. long to the Mount Vernon entrance, making a speed of 25 to 30 m. an hour, and is substantially built, the track and grades being also adapted to steam motors. The deepest cut is 12,000 cub. yds., 30' deep and fill 8,000 cub. yds., 15' high. All culve.ts are brick 74 MOUNT VERNON. or iron. There were 900 28' poles, 1,800 7^' ties, 900 tons 50 lb. T. and 55 lbs. Wharton girder rails, 24 m. (54 tons) copper wire, 33 ni. (25 tons) iron wire used in construction. The cars are of the latest patterns, heated by elec- tricity and propelled by Thomas Houston waterproof motors, 15 or 20 horse power each The power is furnished by 150 H. P. boilers, two 200 H. P. engines and 2 Edison Generators, 200 H. P. each, belted direct to engine. The contract was awarded June 18, 1892, and road opened Sept. 18, 1892, a praiseworthy piece of engineering activity. Upon leaving the city Big Hunting creek is crossed by a substantial trestle bridge 4,000' long, with a plate girder draw, 100' span, centre pier iron and concrete, On the 1., in the distance, at the small Light House, is the " In- itial," or comer stone o! the District of Columbia, planted with ceremonies April 15, 1791. The lines run diagonally, so that each intersecting point at 10 m. distance stands on one of the four cardinal points of the compass. There are fine views of the Potomac along ihe route, a' so some ancient colonial and Revolutionary mansions on the Washington and Fairfax estates. The group of buildings on the 1. represents the si e where the Land and River Lnprovement Company, of New Alexandria, has laid out a town, and erected important industrial establishments. The locality enjoys exceptional facilities of river, bay, ocean and railroad transportation for all points at home and abroad. At Dogue creek the road enters the Washington estate, orginally 7,600 a., from the Fairfax estate, 2,700 a., still intact, having been entailed until his youngest grandchild became of age Arriving at the entrance to ihe Mount Vernon mansion grounds, parties under the direction of Mr Harrison H. Dodge, Superintendent are taken in charge by a member of the resident staff, who will explain all points of interest The plan (page 72) will locate all points of interest to strangers. The mansion is of wood, 96'x30, and fashioned to resemble stone. Th'^ center was erected by l>avvrence, half-brother to the General, 1743, and named after Admiral Vernon, of the British Navy, under whom Lawrence Washington served. The wings were added by General Washington, 1784-5. 7Vie Mount Vernon LuUes'' Association of ilie Union, incorporated 1859, purchased the mansion and contiguous grounds, 200 acres, for $200,000, and has restored ihem as in the days of their great proprietor. In 1887 Jay Gould contributed the money for the adjoining tract, 33j'2 acn s, on the north. Within the building the rooms have been assigned to States in the Union, and contain relics of the life and period of Washington. See diagram, p. 74. 1. East Portico, 15' wiHe, 25' high. The flagging was brought from the Isle of Wight, England. Fine view of the Potomac. 2 miles wide. 2. Main Door, 200' above the river 3. Main Hall. Key of the French Bastile presented to W., 1789, by Lafayette; 3 swords of W., one worn at Braddock's defeat; W.'s hall table; objects of general interest. 4. Alusic Room. W. relics : silver-mounted rosewood flute; harpsi chord, from London, cost $[,000; W. bridal present to "Nellie" Custis, his adopted daughter; guitar, or citra ; whist table. 5. West Parlor. Stucco restored as in the life of W., and some of ihe an- cient furnishings preserved. The painting was presented to Lawrence W ash- ington by his chief, Admiral Vernon, 1741. 6. P^>ont Door. The great brass knocker and boot-scrapers suggest mem- ories of distinguished guests in the days of W. MOtfNT VERNON, 75 7. Siainuay, The clock is of the Continental period in New York. 8. Family Dining-R om. Restored as in days of W., arabesque and tints. Sideboard belonged to W. The china is a reproduction of set presented to Mrs. W. by the officers of the French fleet in 1792. 9. Sitting Room. Used by Mrs. W., formerly the library. 10. Banquet Hall. Completed in 1784; finished in stucco in the Colonial style. The Carrava and Sienna marble mantle is attributed to Carrava, carved in Italy, and presented to W. by an English admirer. On its way over it was captured by French pirates, but was restored when it was discovered that it was for W. The equestrian pDrtrait, "Washington before Yorktown," by Rembrant Peale. was presented by the heirs of the artist to the Mount Vernon Association in 1873. The associated portraits are Hamilton, Lafayette, Knox, Lincoln and Rochambeau. The frame is from a tree from the home of Robert Morris. This room is full of objects of interest associated with the life and times of Washington, notably Washington's rose-china punch-bowl, pcA' foot bench and surveyor's tripod. THE MOUNT VERNON MANSION INTERIOR (ground floor). 11. Staii'zvay. To W,'s bed-room, and where he died. 12. Library. Furniture and volumes belonged to W. Here W. received, April 14, 1789, official notification of election as President of the U. S. 13. Doorway. To family kitchens. 14. Pantry. • 15. Library Porch. View of the ancient stable and lawn sweeping towards the old and new vaults. 16. Steps to Cellar. The substruction of the mansion is very interesting, especially an ancient tablet and dry-well for storage, with oak coping. 17. Door and %QVL\\-(ixi:.v\2^x colonnade to banquet kitchen and offices. 18. Semi-circular Colonnade. To family kitchen and servants' quarters. 76 MOUNT VERNON. MOUNT VERNON INTERIOR (seCOnd floor). 1. Hall. 2. Lafayette Hoom. Occupied by the Marquis when visiting W., and dur- ing h'S second visit, 1824-5. 3. River Room. Guest chamber in the time of W, The bed was used by W, while on his march to Valley Forge, 1777-8. The chair he used in the Executive mansion at Phila. 4. Space over Banquet Hall. 5. Stairzvay. To attic. 6. Guest Chamber. Furnished in the style of the Revolution. 7. Green Room On the bed John Custis, Mrs. W.'s only son, died. 8. '■^Nellie'''' Eleanor Custis^ Room The stand and chairs belonged to Charles Carroll, the signer of the Declaration of Independence. 9. Hall and Starivay. To first floor and attic. ID. Washington'' s Study and Btdstead. All articles in this room were used by Gen. W., and on the bed, Dec. 14, 1799, between ii and 12 p. m.,he gave up the spirit. The arm chair was Mrs. W.'s favorite seat. The ancient trunk, "1775" *'G. W.," was Gen.* W.'s cDach trunk. MOUNT VERNON INTERIOR (attic floor). I. Attic Hall: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, dormer- windowed attic bed rooms, famished with articles from the Revolutionary period. 5. Linen closet. 8. Mrs. H'ashington^s Bedroom. Used by Mrs. W, from the day of the death of her husband until her own death, May 22, 1802. The mahogany toilet stand was used by Mrs. W^ The rest of the furnishings and hangings are exact reproductions of the apartment when Mrs W. occupied it and sat by the s. window, gazing out upon the tomb of her husband, and until she joined him 18 months after. 9. Staitzvay to id Floor. 10. Stairway to Cupola. Grand view of surrounding country and entire estate. II. Private Stainv ay. Between Gen. and Mrs. W ashington's apartments and to the first floor. MOUNT VERNON. 77 On the way from the tomb to the mansion is the rude vault, in which the remains of Gen. W. rested 1 799-1831, and Mrs. W. 1801-31. The vault was invaded and a skull taken, which, however, was not that of W. Nearer the mansion is the commodinus barn erected 1733 by Lawrence W., from whom George W. inherited the estate. The bricks were brought from England. The Deer Park across the lawn and sweeping down to the rivers bank was restored in 1887, at a cost of $3,300, as it existed in the time of W. It con- tains a herd of fine deer. On the west front of the mansion is the lawn and drive extending to the pubHc road. The other exterior objects of interest are located in the ground plan on p. 72. On the W. lawn is the magnolia grandeflora, brought by Washington from the James river and planted in 1799, just before he died. The sun dial was restored in 1888 on its original location by citizens of Rhode Island. The gardens and conservatory are also interesting. It is a remarkable fact that Mount Vernon escaped the ravages of the Royal Governor of Va. during the outbreak of the War of the Revolution, when his forces came within a {^w miles. Again escaped in 1814 when the British fleet, un' er Commodore Gordan, ascended the river to Alexandria, when it is said the Commodore ordered the bell on his flagship, the Sea Horse, to toll as he passed the mansion, and again, during the War of the RebeUion 1861-5, when accident, if not design, might have given it over to the flames. Soldiers of both armies visited the tomb, but never entered the sacred precints with arms ih their hands, these weapons of fratricidal strife bting left at the Porter's Lodge. The maintenance of Mount Vernon is from the entrance fee of 25 cents and the sale of photographs, plants, flowers, &c. The Pohick or Parish church, of Mt. Vernon, where Washington was a warden, is 6 m. distant. The old estate of Woodlawn, ^^/^ m. from Mount Vernon, was purchased in 1892 by the syndicate operating the W. A. and M. V. E. R. It is their purpose to improve the premises and convert it into a summer resort. MOUNT VERNON AVENUE. A movement is on foot to build a memorial highway, 200 feet wide, from the Nation's Capital, beginning at the proposed Memorial Bridge, at the foot of New York Avenue, or the New Iron Bridge, West Washington, to the home and tomb of Washington, a distance of 14 miles. In 1888, the Virginia Legislature granted articles of incorporation and gave the corporation the privilege to ask the return of the $120,000 granted by the State of Virginia in 1790 for the erection of public buildings in the Federal city, in considera- tion of its location on the Potomac, and to be used in carrying out the work. The roadway is to be 60' width 70' on either side for parking and orna- mentation. The points of interest along the route would be, Arlington House, National Cemetery, Alexandria, to Mount Vernon, making a drive of 2)4 hours. Returning to Alexandria take the ferry back to Washington, 78 DIRECTORY FOR STRANGERS. GENERAL INFOEMATIOlSr. RAILROADS: The traveling public have every facility for reaching every part of the United States by railroad from Washington. Pennsylvania Route: Charles E. Prgh, General Manager; J- R.Wood, General Passenger Agent; George W. Boyd, Assistant General Passenger Agent, Philadelphia; Robert A. Parke, Passenger Agent, South Eastern District, Washington, D. C. Leave Washington, from station, cor. Sixth and B Sts, as follows : Pittsburg and the V\ est, Chicago Limited Express of Pullman Vestibuled Cars, daily, Fast Line, daily, to Chicago, Columbus and St. Louis, with par- lor car Harrisburg to Pittsburg, and sleeping cars Pittsburg to Indianapolis, Pittsburg to Columbus, Altoona to Chicago. St. Louis and Cincinnati Ex- press, daily. Parlor car Washington to Harrisburg, sleeping cars Harris- burg to St. Louis and Cincinnati, and dining car Harrisburg to St. Louis. Columbian Express, daily. Buffet parlor car Washington to Harrisburg and sleeping and dining cars Harrisburg to Chicago. Western Express, daily, sleeping cars Washington to Chicago and St. Louis, connecting daily at Har- risburg with sleepers Louisville and Memphis. Puilman dining cars Pitts- burg to Richmond and Chicago. Pacific Express, daily, for Pittsburg and the west, with sleeper to Pittsburg, and Pittsburg to Chicago. For Erie, Canandaigua, Rochester, Buffalo, Niagara, daily, with sleeping car. For New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, and the East, daily, and almost hourly. Limited Pullmnn vestibule parlor cars, vestibule passenger coaches and dining cars, 9 40 a. m. week days. Congressional Limited, with dining car from Baltimore for New York, 4 p.m., daily; for Philadelphia, week days only. Extra charge. Boston, without change, daily. For Richmond and the South, twice daily. The New York and Chicago Limited embraces vestibule sleeping, dining, drawing-room and smoking room cars, the most superb and luxurious railway coaches ever built. Meals are served from bills of fare. Extra fare tickets to be had at station. Tickets and information in public prints and at the of- fice, 13th St. and Pa. Ave., and at station, where orders left for checking baggage to destination. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: J. T. Odell, Gen. Manager; Chas. O. Scull, Gen. Passenger Agent Trains, Vestibuled, Limited, daily for Chicago, and North West, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Indianapolis, Pittsburg and Cleveland. Roanoke, Knoxville, Chattanooga and Memphis, sleeping 'car through. Royal Blue Line for New York and Philadelphia. Sleeping cars at night. Buffet cars day. Boston, daily, with Pullman Buffet sleeping car, to Boston without change, via. Poughkeepsie Bridge, landing passengers in B. & M. station at Boston* See public advertisements for trains. Baggage called for and checked, orders left at ticket ofSces, 619 and 135 1 Pa. Ave. and at depot. Chesapeake and Ohio Railway: Union Depot 6 and B St, N. W. Pennsylvania station. Cincinnati Fast Line. dai[y, without change. The F. F. V. Vestibule Limited, daily, Cincinrati and for all points northwest and southwest. Daily, Old Point Comfort and Norfolk only rail line. See public prints for schedules, or Pulman tickets and information, 513 and 142 1 Pa. Ave. H. W. Fuller, General Passenger Agent. DIRECTORY FOR STRANGERS. 79 Richmond and Danville Railroad: Union Depot 6 and B St. N. W. Pennsylvania station, I.ynchburg, Ashville, Atlanta, New Orleans, Texas, and California, daily; Western Express and Washington and Atlanta; Mem- phis, daily; Southern Express. (See public prints for time tables. ) STEAMERS : For Mount Vernon: The fully equipped steamer, Charles McAlester leaves Seventh street wharf daily (except Sunday) for Mt. Vernon, at ID a. m. return 3 p. m. Round trip, $1, including admission to the man- sion and grounds. Cafe on steamer. Capt. L. L. Blake, Commanding Charles McAlester. MARSHALL HALL.— Sunday trips, 11 a m. and 2.30 p. m. Round trip, 25 cents. One and three-quarter hours for dinner. Dinner, 75 cents. Joseph C. McKibben, Manager. From W^ashington and West W^ashington at stated intervals for points on the Potomac river, Chesapeake bay to Baltimore and Norfolk and Ocean lines to Philadelphia. 'Sew York and Boston. (See public prints for departure.) VEHICLES FOR HIRE: The rates of fare estabhshed by law, for the vehicles mentioned, in the District of Columbia are: Hacks. 5 a. m. to 12.30 a.m. 12.30 a.m. to 5 a m. B}' the hour. For one passenger or two passengers, for the first hour For each additional quarter of an hour or part thereof PrmjiJed, That for multiples of one hour the charge shall be at the rate per hour of . $0 I I 75 20 75 00 25 GO 25 10 25 $1 I I 00 25 00 For three or four passengers, for the first hour For each additional quarter of an hrur or part thereof Provided, That for multiples of one hour the charge shall be at the rate per hour of . ... 25 35 25 40 15 40 By the trip. By the trip of fifteen squares or less, for each passenger For each additional five squares or part thereof P)-oznded, That fo' multiples of fifteen squares the charge shall be at the rate, for each fifteen squares, of Two horse hacks, for four persons, may charge $i 50 for the first hour and 25 cents for each extra quarter hour. If dismissed outside the city 25 cents additional. In case of an over charge complain pohce station. The usual rates for special excursions in the vicinity of the city are: To Arlington, $5; Soldiers' Home, $5; Brightwood, $5; or both $8. Insane Asylum, $5; Cabin John Bridge, $10; Great Falls of the Potomac, $20. Large excursions special rates by agreement. PLACES OF AMUSEMENT: Albaugh's Opera House, Fifteenth st., south of Penna. Ave. Lincoln Music Hall, D and Ninth sts., N. W. New National Theater, E, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth sts SOCIETIHS: Grand Army of the Republic; Hall, Penna Ave,, between Fourteenth and Fifteeenth. Masonic Temple, corner Ninth and F sts., N. W. Odd Fellows' Hall, Seventh st. W., between D and E North. Young Men's Christian Association, 14 New York avenue. 8o DIRECTORY FOR STRANGERS. CLUBS: Army and Navy, I Conn. Ave. Capital Bicycle, Fifteenth, be- tvi^een D and E sts. Cosmos, (literary and scientific,) H and Fifteen and-a- half sts. Metropolitan, H and Seventeenth sts. CHURCHES: The following are the representative places of worship. The hours of services are usually ii A. M. and 7.30 P. M. Baptist: Calvary, H and Eighth sts. Christian (Disciples of Christ): Vermont ave., between N and O sts. Congregational: First, G and Tenth sts. Episcopal, Protestant: Epiphany, G, bet Thirteenth and Fourteenth sts. St. John's, Sixteenth and H sts. Friend's Society (Hicksite) : Meeting house, I, between i8th and 19th sts. German Reformed: First, Sixth and N sts., German Sunday morning. Hebrew: Washington Congregation, Eighth, between H and I sts. Fri- days sundown. Sabbath (Saturdays) 9 A. M. Independent: The Tabernacle, Ninth, between B and C sts., S. W. Lutheran : Concordia, Twentieth and G sts. The oldest congregation in Washington, organized in Funkstown, 1768. Memorial, Fourteenth St. and Vermont ave. . - Methodist Episcopal: Foundry, G and Foiirteenth st. Metropolitan, C and Four-and-a-half sts. Mount Vernon Place, (South,) K and Ninth sts. Methodist, Protestant: Twelfth and M sts. Presbyterian: Covenant, Connecticut ave., N and Eighteenth sts. First, (President's,) Four-and-a-half, between C and D sts. . New York Avenue, H, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth sts. Roman Catholic: St. Aloysius, N. Capitol and Q sts. St. Matthew's, Fifteenth and H sts. Swedenbobgian: New Jerusalem, North Capitol, between B and C sts. Unitarian: Church of All Souls, L and Fourteenth sts. Universalist: Church of our Father, L and Thirteenth sts. HO 1 ELS : Among the many fine hotels ot the capital are the Arlington, Vermont Ave. bet. H and I Sts. $4 and $5 a day 345 rooms. Arno, i6th bet. I and K Sts. I5 a day. 165 rooms. Chamberlains, cor. 15th and I Sts. European for gentlemen. Cochran, cor. K and 14th sts. European, $2 upwards. American, $5 a day. 154 rooms. Ebbitt, cor. F and 14th Sts. $4 a day. 250 rooms. LaNormandie, I and 15th Sts. $2 and upwards a day. 130 rooms. Metropolitan, Pa. Ave. bet. 6th and 7th Sts. $3 to $4 a day. 200 room. National, cor. Pa. Ave. and 6th St. A $2 50, E rooms $1 and up- ward a day. 350 rooms. Portland, Vermont av. and 14 st. 39 suites by the year. $9^0 to $1,800. Richmond, cor. H and 17th sts. Suites by the year $950 to $1800. Riggs, cor. 15th and G sts. $4 and $5 aday. 191 rooms. SnoREHANjCor. 15 and I sts* $5 aday. 350 rooms. St. James, cor. Pa. Ave. and 6th St. N. W. Rooms $1 to $1 50 a day. 150 rooms. Welkers, 15 bet N. Y. Ave. and H St. European. WiLLARDS, Pa. Ave. and 14 st. $3 50 to $4 50 per day. 300 rooms. Wormley's, cor. 15 and H sts. There are many other desirable hotels and apartment houses and also boarding houses at reasonable rates, among them the Hamilton, Randall, Oxford, Ellsmere, Stafford, Strathmore Arms, &c. ^Jl ay^ :J JyJJJ_:L. ^^ j^>^,^^.^^, ii-iif ^1 Ja. V, 1^ A-iP CITY OF WASHIXCiTON AND VICINITY, Adapted to Reims Illustrated Handbook of Washington ,1^ dL^2d^^"'dJ:Jd!JJ^d^5EEmiB5 ^j^^j^ jlJ3^^^J;/j;3v-^ J^J4^^^JJ^J.^^■ t^ -.J. Bl n "/" 'X N ,^JBRARY OF CONGRESS ■III 014 310 407 2 IS il jj^ i