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 OF THE 
 
 (|5EIGNS OF GRE/T BfAlIt, 
 
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 Vef^ified Cl]foi|olo^3 
 
 OF THE 
 
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THE LIBRARY 
 or CONGRESS I 
 
 WASHING i ON 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, in the Offl?e of the 
 Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
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The first and fourth quarters, gule^ (in red), have three lions 
 PASSANT GARDANT (walkinuj, lookiug full-taeed), in pale (one 
 above the other); the secou'l quarter containing the arms of 
 Seothmd has, or (yellow), a lion kampant (erect, standing on one 
 of his hind legs), within a double tressube, flory, counterflory 
 (double trellis with flowers opposite to each other), gules (red); 
 the third quarter has azure (in blue), an Irish harp, or (yellow) 
 stringed, argent (white); all within the garter, the chief ensign 
 of that most noble Order. Upon the garter is inscribed the 
 ni:>rto of that Order — " Iloni soit qui mal y pense:" Evil to him 
 who evil thinks — while above it is a rich mantle of cloth, double 
 ERMiNED (a white field dotted with black spots), adorned with an 
 imperial crown, surmounted with a lion passant gardant (walk- 
 ing, looking full-faced). For sup[)orters, rhe whole has on the 
 right side a lion rampant gardant (erect, standing on one of his 
 hind legs, looking full-faced), or (in yellow), crowned : on the left 
 side a unicorn, argent (white), crined (bearded) and UiVGULed 
 (hoofed); or (yellow), gorged (encircled) with a collar of crosses 
 pattee (crosses that arc small in the middle and widen at the 
 ends), and fleur-delis (lilies), and a chain rhereto affixed, pass- 
 ing between his forelegs, and reflexed ovei' his back, or (yellow); 
 both the lion ami unicorn standing on a conq)artment from 
 whence issue royal badges of her j\Iajesty''s chief dominions — a 
 Red Rose for England, a Thistle for Scotland, and a Shamrock 
 for Ireland — and on the compartment an escroll with this motto, 
 '•Dieu et mon Droit" (God and my Right) — words first used by 
 Richard I., on gaining a great victory over the French. 
 
 By omitting the parenthetical expressions tiio above may 1)0 
 read in heraldic language only, or, by omitting the heraldic tech- 
 nicalities it may be read in common English. 
 
Under James I., 1623, the Arms of Scotland were impaled in 
 the lirst quarter and the Harp of Erin incorporated in the third 
 quarter; the Arms of France already occupying the second 
 quarter. In 1801 the Arms of France being entirely removed, 
 the Arms of Scotland were changed to the second quarter. The 
 same yea.Y the Arms of Hanover were taken from ihe fonrtli 
 quarter and less prominently emblazoned by impaling them on 
 the centre of tlie shield and the Arms of En<j:land duplicated in 
 their place. On the accession of Queen Victoria the Arms of 
 Hanover were removed entirely, leaving tlie Arms of Great Bri- 
 tain and Ireland as represented in the engraving. The term 
 Great Britain includes only England, Scotland and Wales; hence 
 the desio:nation Great Britain and Ireland as includino; the entire 
 Kingdom apart from its colonies, which latter it has been sug- 
 gested ought to be in some way designated in the fourth quarter 
 instead of the duplicated English. 
 
 The Harp has been the national symbol of Ireland from time 
 immemorial. But the Harp of Tara owned by Brian Boroihme, 
 Monarch of Ireland from A. D. 1001 to 1014, and still preserved 
 in the Museum of Dublin University, has been immortalized by 
 the beautiful melody of Thomas Moore, the celebrated Irish 
 poet. See description in Mooney's History of Ireland. 
 
 IV. 
 
[S] 
 
 THE BRITONS. 
 
 A brave and warlike race the Britons were, 
 Men bold and hardy ; women chaste and fair ; 
 All stained, nncloth'd, unarmed from head to heel, 
 Fought Caesar, witli his army clad in steel. 
 
 ANGLO-SAXON KINGS. 
 
 Egbert the Great, the first sole Monarch of England began to reign in 
 
 thi 
 
 year 827 
 
 Ethelwolf began to 
 
 reign, 
 
 - 
 
 838 
 
 Edmund I, the Pious, began 
 
 to 
 
 reign 941 
 
 Ethelbald, " 
 
 
 - 
 
 857 
 
 Eldred, " 
 
 
 " 948 
 
 Ethelbert, " 
 
 
 - 
 
 860 
 
 Edwy, 
 
 
 " 955 
 
 Ethelred /., " 
 
 
 - 
 
 866 
 
 Edgar, the Peaceable, " 
 
 
 " 959 
 
 Alfred the Great, 
 
 
 - 
 
 872 
 
 Edward, the Martyr, " 
 
 
 " 975 
 
 Edward the Elder, 
 
 
 - 
 
 900 
 
 Ethelred II., 
 
 
 " 978 
 
 At heist an. 
 
 
 - 
 
 925 
 
 Edmund II., Ironsides, " 
 
 
 " 1016 
 
 FOUR DANISH KINGS. 
 
 Sweyn, 
 
 Canute the Great, 
 
 1016 I Harold I, Harefoot, - 1086 
 
 1017 I Canute II, or Hardicanute, - 1039 
 
 SAXON LINE RESTORED. 
 
 Edward the Confessor, - 1041 \ Harold II, 
 
 1066 
 
[6] 
 
 NORMAN LINE. 
 
 WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR. 
 
 RkIGNKI) from 10r)0 TO I OS 7. 
 
 William, ti spurious branch of RoUo's rac^e, 
 P^'roiii Noi-mairs Duke to England's King we trace. 
 He conquered Saxon Harold, seized the throne ; 
 Was brave, yet proud, and partial to his own. 
 
 WILLIAM RUFFS. 
 
 Rkigned from 1087 to 1100. 
 
 AVilliani the Second won but little tame; 
 He built tlie Hall which Westminster we name; 
 Was valiant, rash, intem])erate, and vain. 
 And was by Tyrrell in New Forest slain. 
 
 HENRY L, BEAUCLERC. 
 
 Reigned from 1100 to 1135, 
 
 Learned and |)olite, the Conqueror's youngest son, 
 By wisdom kept the crown his wiles had won ; 
 Brave, haiulsome, sober, to his subjects kind. 
 Yet to base passions virtue oft resigned. 
 
 STEPHEN. 
 
 Reignet) from 1135 to 1154. 
 Valiant and prudent, but of dubious right, 
 Whicii oft with various chance was tried in tight : 
 At length, his own sou dead, this prince agreed 
 That Henry, son of Maud, shoidd him succeed. 
 
[TJ 
 
 PL ANT A GENETS. 
 
 HENRY 11. 
 
 Rkignki) from 1154 to 1189, 
 
 First of PlantHgenets now Hemy reigns, 
 Famed for his power and his lartje domains ; 
 A priest i!n])erions vexed him all his life, 
 His sons proved rel)els, and a sln-ew his wife. 
 
 RICHARD I., CCEUR de LION. 
 
 Rkignki) from 1189 to 1199. 
 
 Richard, for boist'rous courage chiefly known, 
 Wasted his years in countries not his own; 
 A prisoner long, at length untimely slain ; 
 England had small advantage from his reign. 
 
 JOHN, LACKLAND. 
 
 Reignki) from 1199 TO 1210. 
 
 John's reign was full of troulde and turmoils, 
 From his bad conduct and from priestly wiles; 
 England's great Charter by the Barons won 
 He gave, l)ut to the Pope resigned his (^'own. 
 
 HENRY III. 
 
 Reignki) from 1210 TO 1272. 
 
 This King chief note in history doth gain, 
 From civil discord and protracted reign; 
 Fickle and weak, he saw his crown just gone; 
 Yet dyino; left it to his warlike son. 
 
[8] 
 
 EDWARD L, LONGSHANKS. 
 
 Reigned from 1272 to 1307. 
 
 Far distant, when acknowledged, Edward came. 
 Assumed the crown, and ruled' witli matchless fame ; 
 Welsh, Scots, he conquered, made and unmade kings, 
 Reformed the laws and dipt the clergy's wings. 
 
 Under the reign of Edward I. Wales was finally subdued and the King's 
 eldest son styled Prince of Wales. 
 
 EDWARD II, OF CAERNAVON. 
 
 Reigned from 1807 to 1327. 
 
 Poor Edward's morn the brightest prospect hails, 
 Tlie Welsh proclaimed him (he was born in Wales), 
 But by his queen and Mortimer dethroned. 
 Oppressed by murd'rors ])oor Caernav<>n groaned. 
 
 EDWARD III. 
 
 Reigned from 1327 to 1377. 
 
 Triumphant Edward, the Black Prince's sire, 
 
 In peace and war, we honor and admire ; 
 
 France conquered, Scots subdued preserved liis name, 
 
 But liis last days eclips'd his former fame. 
 
 RICHARD II. 
 
 Reigned from 1377 to 1399. 
 
 Richard from valiant sire and grandsire sprung, 
 Proved weak, perverse and rash for he was young; 
 Yet brave, from rebels did defend his tlirone, 
 And when deposed lost not his life alone. 
 
[9] 
 
 HOUSE OF LANCASTER OR RED ROSE. 
 
 HENRY IV., BOLINGBROKE. 
 
 Reigned fko.m 1399 to 1-113. 
 Lancastrian Henry now the throne possessed, 
 A ])rinee of no mean polities eontessed ; 
 A crown usurped, or else but bravely won. 
 He left re;>:retful tc» his warlike son. 
 
 HENRY Y. 
 
 Reigned from 1413 to 1422. 
 
 All conquering Henry's parts and prowess rare. 
 The glorious iields of Agincourt declare ; 
 The vicious Prince a virtuous King became; 
 But priests indulg'd kept England in a flame. 
 
 HENRY YI. 
 
 Reigned from 1422 to 1461. 
 Meek, mild and merciful, but weak his sway; 
 A king of France, the French would not obey; 
 Tho' brave his queen the Yorkists seized his throne, 
 And his son's murder ushered in his own. 
 
 HOUSE OF YORK OR WHITE ROSE. 
 
 EDWARD lY. 
 
 Reigned from 1461 to 1483. 
 Edward of York not unmolested reigned, 
 Yet, when victorious, he the throne maintained; 
 Revengeful, jealous, politic and shrewd, 
 His virtues were but Inxurv subdued. 
 
[10] 
 
 EDWARD V. 
 
 Reigned Two Months, Twelve Days, 1483. 
 Poor child, how sliort liis reign ! domestic strife 
 LIntiinely closed his own and brother''s lite; 
 He saw each faitliful friend l)y friend expire 
 By Richard's fraud, who did to ride aspire. 
 
 RICHARD III., HUNCH-BACK. 
 
 Reigned from 1488 w 148o. 
 Richard with deep liypocrisy endued, 
 Ambitious, cruel, destitute of good. 
 Did public praise obtain by wholesome laws, 
 And bravely fell, had virtue been the cause. 
 
 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 HENRY VII. 
 
 Reigned from 1485 to 1509. 
 The first of Tudor's race, of high renown, 
 'Spite of pretenders, held the English crown ; 
 Subtle, [)rofound, his projects tended still. 
 To fix his empire, and his cofters fill. 
 
 HENRY VIIl. 
 
 Reigned from 1509 to 1547. 
 Henry, of haughty mind and sturdy mien, 
 With fury reign'd and often changed his Queen ; 
 Disowned the Pope, yet kept us Papists still. 
 And burnt lioth sides that dared dispute his will. 
 
[11] 
 
 WIVES OF HENRY VIII. 
 
 1. Catharine of Aragon, mother of Bloody Mary. She was cruelly divorced 
 by her fickle husband. 
 
 2. Anne Boleyn, mother of the famous Queen Elizabeth. She was beheaded. 
 
 3. Jane Seymour, mother of Edward VI. She died soon after the birth of 
 her child. 
 
 4. Anne of Cleves, who was divorced very soon after marriage. 
 
 5. Catharine Howard, who was soon beheaded on the charge of a former dis- 
 solute life. 
 
 6. Catharine Parr, who sui-vived her husband. 
 
 EDWARD VI. 
 
 Reigned from 1547 to 1553. 
 
 Edward was learned, meek, pious, just and sage: 
 A man in conn(;il tho' a child in age: 
 He laid the basis of the church we boast, 
 But by his uncles" (quarrels oft was crossed. 
 
 MARY I. 
 
 Reigned from 1553 to 1558. 
 
 When bloody Mary tilled the English throne, 
 The good her l»rother did was soon undone ; 
 Thro'' her short reign (tho' much too long) was seen. 
 The wretched l)igot and the cruel Queen. 
 
 ELIZABETH. 
 
 Reigned from 1558 to 1603. 
 
 The fam'd Eliza's long and prosperous reign 
 Quelled Romish superstition, humbled Si)ain. 
 Invasions, plots, her genius soared al>ove, 
 Blest with her servants' and her sul)jects' love. 
 
[12] 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN. 
 
 HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 JAMES I. 
 
 Reigned from 1603 to 1625. 
 
 England's iirst Stuart from the Scotian clime; 
 Learned, but pedantic; peaceful to a crime; 
 His weak, but arbitrary a(;ts prepare 
 A scene of ills for his succeedinij heir. 
 
 Margaret, sister of Henry VIII., was mother of James V., who was father 
 of Mary, Queen of Scots, who was mother of James I., of England, the same as 
 James VI., of Scotland ; thus uniting the two crowns of Scotland and England, 
 although their Parliaments remained distinct for a centurjf longer. 
 
 CHARLES L 
 
 Reigned from 1625 to 16-19. 
 
 Unhappy prince! his fate atones his fault, 
 Not weak, but obstinate, and badly taught; 
 Tlie Constitution hurt l)y lawless deeds. 
 Is quite suspended when tiie monarch bleeds. 
 
[13] 
 
 THE COMMONWEALTH. 
 
 OLIVER CROMWELL. 
 
 LoKI) ProTKCTOR from 1649 TO 16B0. 
 
 Cromwell, Protector luade when Kiiiij,' Charles died; 
 He spread the tame of Eni;;land far and wide; 
 Bold and intrepid, [tolitic, profound. 
 In war and peace alike he was renuwned. 
 
 HOUSE OE STUART. 
 
 CHAftLES IL 
 
 Reign Ko from IfifJO to lt)S5. 
 
 Heedless and dissipated, courteous, u-mv, 
 Li Charles's court few cares A:u\ find their way, 
 But Popish influence stained liis lattei- dav 
 With ])lots and lines and arbitrary swav, 
 
 JAME8 IL 
 
 Reionkd from 1685 TO 1689. 
 
 Blinded with zeal this furious Popish kintji;, 
 Rome's yoke on Enu;huid souii;ht an-ain to hriuic. 
 He (while he r<»i|i;ned) usurped a lawless swav. 
 Till William came, and o[)ened freedoiiTs k\-a\. 
 
[14] 
 
 WILLIAM III. AND MARY IL 
 
 Reigned from 1689 to 1702. 
 
 William the hero, and Maria mild, 
 He James's nephew, she his eldest child, 
 Fixed freedom to the church, reformed the coin, 
 Opposed the French and settled Brunswick's line. 
 
 ANNE. 
 
 Reigned from 1702 to 1714. 
 
 Ten years of ii;lory brightened Amie's reign. 
 While Marlborough's arms did victory maintain. 
 Nor should hard censure sliade her closing scene; 
 For tlio' misled well-minded was the Queen. 
 
 During the reign of Queen Anne, Scotland was united to England and its 
 Parliament extinguished, but the erown-jeuiels of Scotland are still carefully 
 preserved in the castle at Edinburgh. 
 
 HOUSE OF BRUNSWICK, Hanover or Guelpli. 
 
 GEORGE I. 
 
 Reigned from 1714 to 1727. 
 
 Inured alike to council and the field, 
 Before his sway saw opposition yield. 
 In wisdom and the laws, he |)Ut his trust; 
 Was prudent, cautious, fortunate and just. 
 
[15] 
 
 GEORGE II. 
 
 E.EIGNEI1 FROM 1727 TO 1760. 
 
 In issue happiest of the kingly strnin ; 
 Trinnipliant o'er rebellion and its train, 
 He silenced faction, linml)led France's pride, 
 lie lived beloved, and crouMU'd with ii'lory died. 
 
 GEORGE III. 
 
 Reigned from 1760 to 1820. 
 
 Great George's acts, in arts and commerce shine; 
 Long may the crown be worn by Brunswick's line,: 
 Long did he live, blest with his people's love, 
 And late ho changed his ciown for one above. 
 
 GEORGE IV. 
 
 Reigned from January 29, 1820 to June 2G, 1830. 
 
 Proud, inconsid'rate, lavish, sensual, vain, 
 Britain had little glory from his reign; 
 But the great arts of industry and peace 
 Flourished, and progress bade oppression cease. 
 
 WILLIAM IV. 
 
 Reigned from 1830 to June 20, 1837. 
 
 The sailordving, by Englaiul well beloved, 
 
 A monarch of inferior mind he proved; 
 
 Yet grand reforms prc^gressed throughout the land, 
 
 Which he could not approve nor understand. 
 
[16] 
 
 VICTORIA. 
 
 Began to Rkign J i'jsk 20, 1837. 
 
 Victoria, last and liapi)iest of the line, 
 
 Long will her name in [>roa(1cst lustre sliine; 
 
 Domestic virtne, ])ul)li{t honor crown 
 
 Her t'an)e, with veneration and renown. 
 
 She is the only daughter of Edward, Duke of Kent, 4th son of George III. 
 She was married February 10th, ISiO, to Prince Albert, 2d son of Ernest, Duke 
 of Saxe Coburg Gjtha, who was brother of the Duchess of Kent mother of the 
 Queen. 
 
 CHILDREN OF VICTORIA. 
 
 Victoria Adelaide Marie Louisa. J^orn Nov. 21, 18-1-0. 
 Married Jan. 25, 1858, to Prince Frederick William 
 of Prussisi. 
 
 Albert Edward, Prince of Wales. Born Nov. 9, 1841. 
 Married March 10, 1863, to Princess Alexandra of 
 Denmark. 
 
 Alice Maud Mary. Born April 25, 1843. Married 
 June 18, 1862, to Prince Louis of Hesse. 
 
 Alfred Ernest All)ert, Duke of Edinburgh. Born Aug. 
 6, 1844. Married Jan. 23, 1874, to Grand Duchess 
 Maria, only daughter of Czar Alexander of Russia. 
 
 Helena Augusta Victoria. Born May 25, 1846. Mar- 
 ried July 5, 1866, to Prince Christian of Augusten- 
 berg. 
 
 Louisa Caroline ATDerta. Born March 18, 1848. Mar- 
 ried March 31, 1871, to the Marquis of Lome, son of 
 tiie Duke of Argyle. 
 
 LNMAKKIED. 
 
 Arthur William Patrick Albert. Born May 1, 1850. 
 Leopold George Diuican Albert. Born A[)ril 7, 1853. 
 Beatricre Mary Victoria Feodore. Born April 14,1857. 
 
 Victoria has had to this date {IS75) twenty-seven grandchildren of whom 
 twenty -four are living. 
 
 Pi-ince Consort died Dec. 15, 1861. 
 
[17] 
 
 THE SOVEREIGNS OF ENGLAND. 
 
 First, William the Noniian, 
 
 Then William his son; 
 
 Henry, Stephen, and Henry, 
 
 Then Richard and John. 
 
 Next, Henry the third, 
 
 Edwards, one, two,- and three; 
 
 And again, after Richard, 
 
 Three Henrys we see. 
 
 Two Edwards, third Richard, 
 
 If rightly I guess ; 
 
 Two Henrys, sixth Edward, 
 
 Queen Mary, Queen Bess; 
 
 Then Jamie the Scotchman, 
 
 Then Charles whom they slew. 
 
 Yet received, after Cromwell, 
 
 Another Charles too. 
 
 Next Jamie the second 
 
 Ascended the throne; 
 
 Then good William and Mary 
 
 Together came on; 
 
 Then Anne, Georges four, 
 
 And fourth William all passed. 
 
 And Victoria came — 
 
 May she long be the last. 
 

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