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 ^VISITOR'S GUIDE 
 
 TO 
 
 RICHMOND 
 
 AND VICINITY; 
 
 EMBRACING A SKETCH OF THE CITY, SOCIAL STATIS- 
 
 TICS AND NOTICES OF ALL TLACES IN AND ABOUT 
 
 THE CITY OF INTEREST TO THE TOURIST, 
 
 WITH AN 
 
 Accurate A/Lap, 
 
 AND VIEWS OF THE CAPITOL, WASHINGTON MONUMENT , 
 LIBBY PRISON AND ST. JOHN'S CHURCH. 
 
 
 -T — =— r 
 
 Oi 
 
 BENJ. BATES, BOOKSELLEU AND STATIONER, 1003 MAIN STREET. 
 
 187 1. 
 
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in tlie year 1871, by 
 
 M. P. Handy and Wm. H. Pleasants, 
 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 RICHMOND : 
 GILLIS, STEAM PRINTEE. 
 
Prefatory N 
 
 No city in the country as large as Richmond can afford to 
 be without a guide-book for visitors, and it is strange that 
 Richmond, than which there is no place with more historic 
 memories in America, should have been so long lacking in this 
 respect. This work is intended to convey the information 
 needed by tourists — and which should be in the minds of every 
 citizen — in the most simple style and convenient form. We 
 need not add that it makes no pretensions to literary merit. 
 
T 
 
 ABLE OF 
 
 P° 
 
 NTENTS. 
 
 Battle-Fiolds The way to.. 37 
 
 Belle Isle 22 
 
 Capitol S 
 
 Capitol Disaster 11 
 
 Castle Lightning 21 
 
 Cemeteries 27 
 
 Hollywood 27 
 
 Oakwood 29 
 
 Shoekoe Hill 30 
 
 National 30 
 
 Jewish 30 
 
 Chimborazo Hospital 23 
 
 Charitable Institutions 40 
 
 City Churches 39 
 
 County Court-Houso 25 
 
 (^/ustom House 10 
 
 Down James River 32 
 
 EarlyHistory of Richmond 5 
 
 Fine Views 31 
 
 Governor's House 15 
 
 Guard House 15 
 
 Hacks and Cars, Legal 
 
 Charges 49 
 
 Houdon's Washington 9 
 
 Hospitals for Confederate 
 
 Soldiers 22 
 
 Hall of House Delegates... 10 
 
 Jett' Davis Mansion 17 
 
 Libby Building 20 
 
 Libraries 8 
 
 Lee House 10 
 
 Military Prisons 20 
 
 Monumental Church 18 
 
 Medical College of Va 18 
 
 Marshall House 38 
 
 Manehestor, Town of 48 
 
 Negro Jails and Auction 
 
 lloixses 24 
 
 Newspaper Offices 44 
 
 Ohl Stone House 19 
 
 Population of Richmond... 7 
 
 Public Parks 20 
 
 Pleasant Drives 34 
 
 Public Buildings 41 
 
 Richmond, City of. 5 
 
 Railroad Depots 43 
 
 Schools and Colleges 7 
 
 Senate Chamber. 11 
 
 State Library 11 
 
 St. Paul's Church 15 
 
 St. John's Church 19 
 
 State Court House 19 
 
 Soldiers Home 22 
 
 St. Charles Hotel 23 
 
 St. Francis De Sales 23 
 
 Secret Benevolent Orders 44 
 
 Theatre 17 
 
 Tobacco Warehouses 43 
 
 United States Hotel "25 
 
 Washington Monument... .'^13 
 
VISITOR'S GUIDE. 
 
 MICHMONJD. 
 
 Richmond is the seat of justice of Henrico county^ 
 and the capital of V^irginia. It is located on the north- 
 east bank of the James River, at the lower falls, and 
 at the head of tide -water. The distance from Rich- 
 mond to Washington, in an air-line, is one hundred 
 miles. By railroad, it is one hundred and thirty miles 
 from Washington, and one hundred and sixty-eight 
 from Baltimore. The latitude of the capital is 37° 
 32^ 17^^ north, and the longitude is 77° 21' 28^^ west. 
 
 The city is built on several hills, the most consider- 
 able of which are Shockoe and Church Hills, which 
 are separated from each other by Shockoe Creek. It 
 is laid out with a good degree of regularity, in rectangu- 
 lar blocks. The streets running East and West were 
 originally named after the letters of the alphabet, A 
 being nearest the river. They have lost their names, 
 however, and the principal ones are now known as 
 Gary, Main, Franklin, Grace, Broad, Marshall, Clay and 
 Leigh. Most of the streets running North and South 
 are named from the ordinal numbers — First, Second, 
 Third, and so on to Thirty-first. The principal thor- 
 oughfares of business are Main, Broad and Cary streets, 
 which are parallel with the river. 
 
 EARIjY sis TORY. 
 
 A Village on the James River, near the part 
 of Richmond now called Rocketts, is more than once 
 
6 Visitor^ s Guide. 
 
 mentioned in the early records of the Old Dominion. 
 A settlement was made at the falls of the river by 
 Master West, with a colony of one hundred and 
 twenty people driven from Jamestown by famine in 
 1609. In 1644-'45, the Assembly of Virginia ordered 
 a, fort 10 be erected at the Falls of James River, 
 to be called "Forte Charles." In 1679, certain 
 privileges were granted to Col. Byrd upon the con- 
 dition that he should settle fifty able-bodied and 
 well-armed men near the Falls as a protection to 
 the frontier against the Indians." But Richmond was 
 not made a town by legislative enactment until during 
 the reign of George III. This was done in May, 1742, 
 and the town was to be located on the land of Col. AVm. 
 Byrd. 
 
 Thirty-five years later, (in the year 1777,) the troops, 
 arms, ammunition and public records of the State 
 were removed hither from the Capitol at Williams- 
 burg, in view of the exposed position of that town. 
 And, from the same cause, no less than because 
 ■of the tendency of the population to go westward, an 
 act was passed in May, 1779, removing the seat of Gov- 
 ernment also to the same place. At this time (says 
 Howe's Historical Collections) Richmond was but an in- 
 significant place, scarcely affording sufficient accommo- 
 dations for the officers of Government. The Legislature 
 bestowed upon it the title of a city ; but it was only such 
 in embryo, possessing few objects of interest, except 
 grand natural scenery. The analogy of the situation, it is 
 said, to Richmond-on-the-Thames, in England, sug- 
 gested the name of the town. In 1781, Richmond 
 was invaded by Benedict Arnold, at the head of 
 a British army — one of the boldest acts of the Revo- 
 
Visitor^ s Guide, 7 
 
 lution. He burned some public and private build- 
 ings, and a large quantity of tobacco. The Gov- 
 ernor of the State fled to Manchester. 
 
 POrULATION. 
 
 Ten years after it was made the capital Richmond 
 had three hundred houses. The population of the city 
 was, in 1800, five thousand seven hundred and thirty- 
 seven ; in 1810, nine thousand seven hundred and 
 eighty-five ; in 1820, twelve thousand six hundred and 
 seven: in 1830, sixteen thousand and sixty; in 1840, 
 twenty thousand one hundred and fifty-three ; in 
 1850, twenty-seven thousand five hundred and fifty ; 
 in 1860, thirty-seven thousand nine hundred and ten ; 
 in 1870, fifty- one thousand. 
 
 SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 
 
 According to the census of 1870, there are three col- 
 leges in Richmond, with seven male teachers and one 
 hundred and sixty male pupils, and an annual income 
 of about $14,000 ; one Medical College, with nineteen 
 male teachers and one hundred and forty-five male 
 pupils; and one Commercial College, with two male 
 teachers and one hundred and forty pupils. There are 
 also fifty-six Private Schools, for day scholars, with 
 eighty-six teachers and two thousand and nine!}' two 
 pupils ; and about ten large Boarding Schools, from 
 which we have no correct official returns. There are 
 forty-three Sabbath Schools, in which nine thousand 
 nine hundred and sixty-seven children are taught. 
 
 The Public School S3'stem is conducted after the 
 most approved models. It is controlled by a Board of 
 Education, of which the Mayor is ex-officio President. 
 Mr. Jas. H. Binford is the Superintendent, and his 
 
8 Visitor'' s Guide. 
 
 office is in the Central Scliool Building, corner of 12th 
 and Clay streets. On the 1st of January, 1871, there 
 were in the city thirty-nine white and thirty-three col- 
 ored schools, with sixty-one white and twelve colored 
 teachers. A Teachers' Institute is in operation, with 
 most gratifying results. 
 
 Besides the above educational institutions there is a 
 Normal School for colored persons, with seven teachers 
 and one hundred and twenty pupils, and an income of 
 $7,300; and there is also a High School with two teach- 
 ers, forty-five pupils, and an income of $500. 
 
 JjIBBARI^ES. 
 
 Richmond has a State library of twenty thousand 
 volumes, and one college library of eight thousand 
 volumes. There are also sixteen thousand volumes in 
 church libraries, six thousand five hundred and fifty- 
 eight in sabbath school libraries, and thirty- eight thou- 
 sand two hundred and twt'uty-five in private libraries. 
 These figures are taken from the census of 1870, but 
 so far as private libraries are concerned, fall far short of 
 the actual number of volumes. 
 
 THJE CAjPITOZ. 
 
 In the very heart of the city, and on a commmanding 
 eminence, stands the Virginia State Capitol. It is a 
 stuccoed brick building, and is an imperfect copy of 
 one of the most graceful and grand structures ever con- 
 ceived — the Maison Carree of Nismes, France, and 
 was selected by Thomas Jefferson. The building 
 was finished in 1792. Men recently deceased told 
 of the time when it was unstuccoed, and presented 
 altogether a very ugly appearance. The Capitol Square 
 was then " a rugged piece of ground, cut up by gullies 
 
Visitor'' s Guide. 9 
 
 and covered with a wild growth of Jamestown weeds 
 and chinquepin bushes. "-'^ On each side of the Capitol 
 was a long horse rack, and in front of the portico stood 
 an impainted wooden belfry. The portico was then 
 reached by a narrow winding stone stairway, now closed, 
 which gave to the goats and kids which sported about 
 the grounds a convenient access to the portico, where 
 they found shelter in hot weather. 
 
 The Basement. In the basement of the Capitol, at 
 this day, are the offices of the First and Second Audi- 
 tors, the Treasurer of the State, Register of the Land 
 Office, and the rooms occupied by the apparatus for 
 heating the building. Ascending to the second floor we 
 reach the rotunda. 
 
 VHere the principal object of interest to strangers is the 
 fine Statue of Washington by the French Sculptor, 
 Houdon. It was made at Paris, by order of the Vir- 
 ginia Assembly, under the direction of Jefferson, 
 shortly after the close of the Ftevolution of 177G. The 
 costume of the figure is the military dress of the Revo- 
 lution. One hand holds a cane, the other rests upon 
 fasces, with which are united the sword and plow share, 
 and over all hangs a martial cloak. The inscription on 
 the pedestal was written by James Madison. It is as 
 
 follows : 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON. 
 
 The General Assembly of llie Commonwealth of Virginia have 
 caused this statue to be erected as a monument of affection 
 and gratitude to George Washington ; who, uniting to the en- 
 dowments of the HERO the virtues of the patriot, and exert- 
 ing both in establishing the liberties of his country, has ren- 
 dered his name dear to his fellow-citizens, and has given the 
 world an immortal example of true glory. Done m the year 
 of Christ, one tliousaud seven hundred and eighty-eight, and 
 in the year of the Commonwealth the twelfth. 
 
 RiCHMOXD IN Bye Gone Days, by an Old Citizen, published by 
 George ?.!. West, 1850. 
 
10 Visitor'' s Guide. 
 
 From the rotunda the visitor passes on the one side 
 to the Hall of the House of Delegates, and on the 
 other, to the Chamber of the Senate. The most nota- 
 ble object in the Senate Chamber is the full-length 
 portrait of Gen. Robert E. Lee, painted by John A. 
 Elder, a distinguished Virginia artist, and now the 
 property of the State. It is considered an excellent 
 picture. 
 
 Hall of the House of Delegates. — The lower 
 branch of the Virginia Legislature here meets. In 
 the same room the Constitutional Conventions of 
 1829-'30, 1850 and 1867, and the Secession Con- 
 vention of 1861, held their sessions. That of 1867, 
 known as the Reconstruction Convention, was the first 
 body assembled under the authority of the State, or 
 National Government, in Virginia, in which colored 
 men held seats as members. The President of the first 
 Constitutional Convention was James Madison ; of the 
 second, John Y. Mason : and of the third, John C. 
 Underwood. The Secession Convention was presided 
 over by John Janney. 
 
 Here is to be seen the Speakers' chair of the Colo- 
 nial House of Burgesses, originally decorated with the 
 Royal arms of Great Britain, which, having been 
 removed from Williamsburg, the former site of the 
 Capitol of the State, to Richmond, is now occupied by 
 the Speaker of the House of Delegates. This chair 
 was crushed by the falling floor of the Court of Appeals 
 room, but its fragments were gathered up, and have 
 been put together by the Suj^erintendent of Public 
 Buildings in their present form. The walls of the 
 room were formerly adorned with full-length portraits 
 of Earl Chatham and Thos. Jefferson. 
 
Visitor^s Guide. 11 
 
 Senate Chamber. — This room, in which the State 
 Senate now meets, was, during several years of the war, 
 occupied as the Hall of the House of Representatives 
 of the Confederate States. The Speaker's chair was 
 then on the south side of the chamber. 
 
 State Library. — Immediately above the Senate 
 Chamber is the State Library, which, although defi- 
 cient, perhaps, in its supply of recent publications, has a 
 store of volumes pertaining to the early history of the 
 country second to few libraries of the kind in the 
 Union. 
 
 Ox THE Same Floor we find what was once the Court 
 of Appeals room, and the offices now occupied by the 
 Adjutant General, the Governor and his Secretary, the 
 Superintendents of Public Listruction and Printing, and 
 the Secretary of the Commonwealth. There can be no 
 more appropriate place than this to call the reader" s at- 
 tention to the terrible calamity which occurred on this 
 spot April 26th, 1870, and known throughout Virginia as 
 
 The Capitol Disaster. — The room of the Court of 
 Appeals was the scene of this horrible occurrence. 
 On the 16th day of March, a new City Council, 
 appointed by Gov. Walker, in pursuance of the " En- 
 abling Act," elected H. K. Ell^'son Mayor of Rich- 
 mond. The constitutionality of said act was contested 
 by the incumbent of the mayoralty, Geo. Chahoon, and 
 ultimately the question was brought before the Supreme 
 Court of Appeals. The case had been argued, and the 
 Court had announced that its decision would be ren- 
 dered on Wednesday, April 27th. On that day, 
 an immense concourse of i^ersons, including mem- 
 bers of the Legislature, lawyers, representatives of the 
 press, policemen, visitors from various parts of the 
 
12! Visitor^ s Guide. 
 
 State, and representatives of almost every class in the 
 community, gathered in this small room to hear the 
 result. Two of the five Judges had taken their seats, 
 the clerk was ready to read the orders, and the dense 
 crowd waited in perfect silence the opening of the 
 Court. Suddenly there was a crash, and those in the 
 gallery saw the floor of the crowded room beneath 
 them quiver. A moment later, and the floor gave way 
 with another awful crash, and the clerk's office, court- 
 room and gallery, with their whole human freight of 
 four hundred persons, were precipitated a distance of 
 about forty feet to the room below, falling together 
 with a mass of bricks, mortar, splinters, beams, iron 
 bars, desks and chairs ; and then, upon all this, in a 
 second more, the false ceiling, with its supports, came 
 tumbling down, burying the victims beneath its immense 
 weight. The atmosphere was thick with a dense cloud 
 of dust, and the human beings sent up a groan which 
 will ring forever in the ears of those who heard it. 
 In. a moment a few survivors clinging to the windows 
 and fragments of hanging timber, and the bare and torn 
 walls, were all that remained to mark the place where 
 just before there was a scene of life, vigor and hope. 
 Sixty-two persons were killed, and two hundred and 
 forty-nine were wounded. Among the former, were 
 Patrick Henry Aylett, N. P.- Howard and Powhatan 
 Roberts, distinguished members of the Virginia Bar, 
 Dr. J. B. Brock, city editor of the Enquirer newspa- 
 per, J. W. D. Bland, a talented colored member of the 
 State Senate, Captain Charters, Chief Engineer of the 
 Fire Department, E. M. Schofield, City Assessor, and 
 many other persons prominent in the city or State. 
 The list ot wounded contained also a mournful array 
 
Visitor'' s Guide. 13 
 
 of leading citizens. By this disaster, Richmond sus- 
 tained, perhaps, the greatest of the many calamities 
 she has been called upon to suffer since the civil war, 
 and the city will not for years recover from the shock. 
 
 TMJE WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 
 
 This work of Art, is an object of great interest to 
 all visitors to the Capital of Virginia. It was erected 
 in accordance with an Act of Assembly passed Febru- 
 ary 22d, 1849, by which commissioners were appointed 
 to superintend the work. The commissioners offered 
 a premium of $500 for the best plan or design of the 
 monument, and on the 8th of January, 1850, the model 
 submitted by Thomas Crawford, of Rome, was selected. 
 The ceremony of laying the corner stone took place on 
 the 22d of February, 1850. Zachary Taylor, President 
 of the United States, and other prominent dignitaries 
 were present by invitation of the Legislature. On the 
 27th of June, articles of agreement were entered into 
 with Crawford, whereby it was stipulated that the 
 equestrian group in bronze should be fifteen English feet 
 from the upper surface of the platform to the top of the 
 chapeau, and that the pedestrian statues should be ten 
 English feet in height. At first Jefferson, Henry, Mar- 
 shall, Morgan, General Harry Lee and an allegorical fig- 
 ure of Virginia, were selected for the pedestrian statues ; 
 but afterwards, Andrew Lewis was substituted for Mor- 
 gan, George Mason for General Lee, and Thomas 
 Nelson for the allegorical figure. On the 10th of Oc- 
 tober, 1857, Crawford died, at London, after completing 
 models of all the statuary, except Lewis and Nelson and 
 the "trophies." The commissioners contracted with 
 Randolph Rogers of New York, for the completion of 
 
14 
 
 Visitors Guide. 
 
 tlie work, and the statues were east at the Royal 
 Foundry, Munich. 
 
 The equestrian group arrived in Richmond in No- 
 vember, 1857, and was hauled to the Square by the 
 citizens on the 24th. It was erected with the statues 
 of Henry and Jefferson, and unveiled on the next suc- 
 ceeding 22d of February with appropriate ceremonies. 
 The statue of Mason was received and erected early in 
 1860, and the war coming on soon after, the monument 
 remained in statu quo until 1867, when the statues of 
 Marshall, Lewis and Nelson were received. The alle- 
 gorical figures were all received in 1868, and with their 
 erection the monument was completed. 
 
 The following shows the disposition of the statuary 
 and the inscriptions on the shields of the allegorical 
 figures : 
 
 Finance, - opposite Nelson, 
 
 Colonial Times, 
 Justice. - - 
 Revolution, - 
 Independence, 
 Bill of Riehts, 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 i( 
 
 Lewis, 
 
 !\Iarshall, 
 
 Henry, 
 
 Jefferson, 
 
 Mason, 
 
 \ Yorktown, 
 J Saratoga. 
 
 \ Point Pleasant, 
 i Valley Forge. 
 
 ) Great Bridge, 
 i Stony Point. 
 
 I Eutaw Springs, 
 J Trenton. 
 
 King's Mount9,in, 
 Princeton. 
 
 \ Guildford C. H., 
 i Bunker Hill. 
 
 By an int6resting " Historical account of the Wash- 
 ington Monument," (published by Wm. A. R. Nye, 
 Richmond,) from which the materials for this sketch are 
 derived, we learn that the total cost of the monument 
 was $259,913.26. The total amount realized from do- 
 nations and the interest thereon was $47,212 67. 
 

 WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 
 [From "Walks about Richmond."] 
 
Visitors Guide. 15 
 
 THE GOJERNOWS HOUSE, 
 
 Or Executive Mansion, as it is called, is an unpretend- 
 ing building on the north-east corner of the Capitol 
 Grounds. The Governor's House preceding the present 
 one was a very plain wooden building of two stories, 
 with only two small rooms on the first floor. A historian 
 says it was for many years destitute of paint, and the 
 furniture was in keeping v/ith the Republican simplicity 
 of the edifice and of its occupants, from Henry and 
 Jefferson down to Monroe and Page. The palings 
 around the yard were usually dilapidated, and the goats 
 that sported on the steep hill sides of the Capitol 
 Square, claimed and exercised the privilege of grazing 
 on His Excellency's grounds. 
 
 GZrABD iioirsE. 
 
 The building on the Capitol Square, near the Ninth 
 street gate, was for many years occupied as Barracks 
 for the Public or State Guard. It is now merely a bell- 
 tower, the hours being struck by means of an electric 
 wire connecting with Police Headquarters. 
 
 -ST. PAUL'S EFISCOrAL (JSLVRCH 
 
 Is somewhat noted as the most frequented by the fash- 
 ionable people in Richmond during the war. Here 
 Jefferson Davis and Gen. Robert E. Lee had pews, and 
 the former was a regular attendant upon divine service. 
 On the memorable 2d of April, 18G5, Mr. Davis was 
 seated in his pew, when the sexton handed him a tele- 
 gram from Gen. Lee, conveying the information that 
 Petersburg was lost to the Confederates, and Richmond 
 must be evacuated. That night the evacuation took 
 place, and on the next day the L^nion troops entered 
 the city. 
 
16 Visitor'' s Guide. 
 
 The church is located on the corner of Ninth and 
 Grace streets, immediately opposite the western gate of 
 the Capitol Square, and within a few blocks of either 
 of the leading hotels. Rev. Chas. Minnegerode, D. U., 
 who was Rector during the war, and who is a warm 
 personal friend of Mr. Davis, still occupies the pulpit. 
 
 TSE LEE HOTTSE^ 
 
 Near St. Paul's, and within two blocks of the site of 
 the Spotswood Hotel, is the house occupied as a resi- 
 dence by Gen. Robert E. Lee, while General-in-Chief of 
 the Confederate armies. It is a plain brick building, on 
 Franklin street, (No. 707,) between 7th and 8th, now 
 occupied by Mrs. Geo. Davis. 
 
 THE CUSTOM MOUSE. 
 
 This is a large granite building, fronting on Main 
 street between 10th and 11th, and extending back to 
 Bank street. It was occupied during the war by the 
 Treasury Department of the Confederate States, and 
 President Davis had his office in the third story. 
 
 At present, the first floor is used as the Post Office, and 
 on the second floor are the offices of the Collector of 
 Customs, Collector, Assessor and Supervisor of Internal 
 Revenue, and United States District Attorney. On 
 the third floor are the United States Court-room and 
 the offices of the Judges, Marshal and Clerks. The 
 fourth floor is taken up with jury rooms. This building 
 passed through the great fire of evacuation night with- 
 out injury, while all other houses on both sides of Main 
 street, between 9th and 13th, were either partially or 
 totally destroyed. 
 
Visitor^ s Guide. 17 
 
 TBEATBE. 
 
 The Richmond Opera House stands on the corner of 
 Broad and 7th streets. It is a building of no preten- 
 sions to architectural beauty, but is the only place of 
 amusement in the city regularly open for dramatic per- 
 formances. 
 
 THE JEFJb\ DA VIS 3IANSIOK. 
 
 At the south-west corner of Marshall and 11th streets* 
 and on a very commanding height, now known as Pres- 
 ident Hill, stands a large rectangular three-storied 
 stuccoed building, built many years ago by Judge Thos, 
 W. Brockenbrough, a gentleman of large means, as a 
 private residence. The grounds attached to the house 
 were laid out in the most beautiful style, and were 
 adorned with statuary and numerous fountains. 
 
 When the Seat of War of the Confederate Govern- 
 ment was removed from Montgomery to Richmond, the 
 City Council purchased this property, with a view to 
 presenting it to Jefferson Davis, then recently elected 
 President of the Confederate States. When Mr, Davis 
 arrived here, the tender of the property was formally 
 made to him, but he respectfully, though firmly, refused 
 the present. The city, however, declined to take it 
 back or cancel the purchase, and Mr. Davis finally 
 agreed to occupy it, free of rent, with the express 
 understanding that it was to remain the property of the 
 city. This he did until the evacuation of the city, in 
 1865. When the Federal troops entered the city, they 
 took possession of it, and it was occupied either as a 
 residence, or as headquarters, by each of the Military 
 Commanders who ruled Virginia, until the army was 
 finally withdrawn from the State, in 1870. The prop- 
 
18 Visitors Guide. 
 
 erty was then restored to the city, whose authorities 
 have remodelled it for school purposes. 
 
 It was from the rear porch of this dwelling that 
 little Joe Davis, son of Jefferson Davis, met his death, 
 by falling to the pavement below. 
 
 monu3ientaij church. 
 
 The Moxumextal Episcopal Church, a handsome 
 octagonal edifice on Broad street, between 12th and 
 13th, is erected upon the spot where perished, in 1811, 
 sixty persons, or more, by the burning of the Rich- 
 mond Theatre. When the fire by which the theatre 
 was burned broke out, there were not less than six 
 hundred persons in the house, and the play for the 
 evening was just about drawing to a close. The scenery 
 first caught fire, and the flames spreading with fearful 
 rapidity, the house was soon but a heap of ashes. 
 Among those who lost their lives, were Geo. W. Smith, 
 Governor of the State, A. B. Venable, President of 
 the Bank, and many ladies and gentlemen of old Vir- 
 ginia families. The remains of the unfortunate victims 
 of the sad catastrophe are deposited in a marble urn 
 which stands in the front portico of the church. 
 
 MEDICAIj COI.JLBGE OF VlItGINIA. 
 
 This Institution is located on the corner of College 
 and Marshall streets. It was established in 1838, as a 
 department of the Hampden Sidney College. The 
 building is a fine specimen of the Egyptian style of 
 architecture. Adjoining the College is the Richmond 
 Infirmary under the superintendence of Dr. Horace D. 
 Taliaferro. 
 
Visitor^ s Guide. 19 
 
 ST. JOHIf'S CHVRCII. 
 
 This building occupies the block on Church Hill, 
 bounded by Broad, Grace, Twenty-fourth and Twenty- 
 fifth streets. It is the oldest place of worship in Rich- 
 mond, but this is its least claim upon the veneration of 
 the visitor. Surrounded by an antiquated brick wall, 
 in the midst of a church yard full of tombstones, and 
 embowered by umbrageous trees, it presents a most 
 picturesque appearance. It was here that Patrick 
 Henry, in the Virginia Convention of 1775, raised his 
 eloquent voice for the freedom of the colonies and ut- 
 tered the ever memorable words, ^^ give me liberty or 
 give 7)ie death.'' Among the other members of this 
 Convention were Madison, Marshall, Monroe, Pendle- 
 ton, Wythe, Nicholas, Greyson, George Mason, Ed- 
 mund Randolph and Innis. 
 
 THE OLiy STONE HOUSE, 
 
 Is on the north side of Main, between Nineteenth 
 and Twentieth streets. It is the oldest dwelling house 
 in Richmond and was among the first ever built here, 
 The builder and first owner was Jacob Ege, a German 
 immigrant, in whose family the ownership remained for 
 six generations. President Monroe, when a young man 
 attending school, boarded here, and at that time it was 
 considered a fine house. It has been honored by visits 
 from Presidents A\'ashington, Jefferson and Madison, 
 General Lafayette and Patrick Henry, and tradition 
 has it that it was for a time General Washington's 
 Headquarters during the Revolution of 1776-'81. 
 
 STATE COUItT HOUSE. 
 
 The building now known by this name is on Eleventh 
 
20 Visitor^ s Guide. 
 
 street, between Marshall and Broad. It was built as a 
 place of worship for the use of the congregation of 
 ''Disciples of Christ,'' and was occupied by them 
 until the summer of 1870, when it became necessary 
 for the House of Delegates to provide another place of 
 meeting, in view of the Capitol Disaster. They then 
 bought this church and occupied it for several months ; 
 after which it was neatly fitted up as a State Court 
 House. It is now occupied in part as a place of meet- 
 ing for the Court of Appeals, and in part as a law li- 
 brary. The old State Court House was located on the 
 Capitol Square, near the east gate. It was burned in 
 April, 1865, and the grass is now green where it stood, 
 not one stone remaining. 
 
 TME MIL IT AMY JPBISOJVS 
 
 Of Richmond are nearly always first inquired for by 
 tourists from the North, as well as by not a few from 
 the South. These prisons were four in number, and 
 all have become familiar by name to the people of the 
 United States. The first house used in this city as a 
 place of confinement for- Federal soldiers captured in 
 battle, was on Main street near Twenty-fifth, where were 
 placed the prisoners from Big Bethel. But the large 
 number brought hither after the first battle of Manassas 
 made it necessary to provide quarters more commodi- 
 ous and secure. 
 
 The Libby was then selected. This is a two-story 
 brick building, located on the corner of Cary and 
 Twentieth streets. It was built for a ship chandlery, 
 and was used as such several years previous to the war 
 by Mr. L. Libby, from whom it takes its name. Here 
 were confined thousands of Union soldiers between 
 
Visitors Guide. 21 
 
 July 1861, and April 1865, and it was frequently crowded 
 to overflowing, some spending many months within its 
 walls, and many being kept here only a few days, until 
 it was found convenient to take them further south — to 
 Salisbury, or Andersonville. All over the walls may 
 still be seen the names of prisoners scratched there 
 during their confinement, and relic hunters have chip- 
 ped some of the bricks until they are as rough as mill- 
 stones. Attempts at escape were of course numerous, 
 but they were rarely successful. The most noted was 
 that of Colonel Streight, who, with no tools but forks, 
 tunnelled under the street from the basement of the 
 prison to a vacant lot about twenty feet distant, and 
 with about sixty comrades got away under the cover 
 of the darkness of a stormy night. They were hidden 
 in the city for two or three days by resident unionists, 
 and most of them after many remarkable adventures 
 made their way north. The Libby is now used as a 
 sumac factory and bone mill. 
 
 Castle Thunder — On Gary street, between Eigh- 
 teenth and Nineteenth, only one square from the Libby, 
 is also still standing, and is now used, as before the war, 
 as a tobacco factory. In Confederate times it was the 
 place in which citizens of doubtful loyalty to the Con- 
 federacy were locked up, together with spies and deser- 
 ters. One or more executions took place within its walls. 
 A large black dog, by some called a mastiff and by 
 others a blood-hound, was a member of the guard of 
 the Castle and a terror to its inmates. It was reported 
 among the negroes that he subsisted on human flesh. 
 
 Castle Ltghtnixg— On Lumpkin's Alley, formerly 
 a negro prison, was, during the first year of the 
 war, a place of confinement for political or State pris- 
 
22 Visitor's Guide. 
 
 oners. It is memorable as the house in which the Hon. 
 John Minor Botts, Burnham Wardwell, and other Vir- 
 ginia Unionists were incarcerated, The presiding 
 genius of this establishment was Capt. Alexander, who 
 afterwards took charge of Castle Thunder. 
 
 Belle Isle is an island of the James River, just 
 above the Petersburg Kailroad Bridge, and best seen 
 from Gamble's Hill, It is now occupied almost entirely 
 by the works of the Old Dominion Nail Company, and 
 the houses of its operatives. It was, probably, the 
 largest prison camjD for Federal soldiers in Virginia. 
 The prisoners were all kept in tents on the plain, and 
 were guarded by a company of infantry and a battery 
 of artillery placed on the heights in rear of, and fully 
 commanding, the camjj. There was no escape, except 
 by swimming a rapid and dangerous current, even if 
 the guard was eluded. A large number of prisoners 
 attempted to get away one night in 1862. Several were 
 shot, some were drowned, and all, or nearly all, the 
 rest were recaptui*ed. 
 
 The Soldiers' Home, a large tobacco factory on 
 the corner of Cary and 7th streets, was U'sed as a kind 
 of Home of Relay for soldiers on their way to the 
 army, and for the detention of stragglers and citizens 
 without passes. It was always crowded, and was by no 
 means a pleasant place to spend, the night. Lieut. 
 Benj. Bates was the officer in charge. 
 
 JIOSriTAJOS FOM CONFMJDJSIIATE SOLDlUIiS. 
 
 Many a wounded and maimed soldier of the South 
 remembers, with grateful emotions, the hospitals of 
 this city, and will always bless the ladies, to whose 
 attentions 'and unremitting care and watchfulness he 
 
Visitors Guide. 23" 
 
 owes his life. The first hospitals were prepared at a 
 moment's notice, and, of course, were not well adapted 
 to the purpose. They were, mainly unoccupied tobacco 
 factories, and they were generally abandoned as build- 
 ings more suitable were leased or erected. The first 
 building of any note, or of capacity sufficient to merit 
 the name of an army hospital, used as such, was the 
 St. Charles Hotel, on the corner of Main and 15tb 
 streets. Here were brought the sick from Beauregard's 
 army, and those wounded at the first battle of Manas- 
 sas. The private residence of Judge John Robertson, 
 at the upper end of Main street, was used as an officers' 
 hospital, and was supported by two maiden ladies of 
 this city. The hospital of 
 
 St. Fraxcis de Sales, established on Brook iV ve- 
 nue near Bacon's Quarter Branch, was also used as a 
 receptacle for sick soldiers. As battles became more 
 frequent, it became necessary to provide additional 
 quarters for the wounded. The hospitals were full : 
 many citizens had taken the soldiers into their houses,, 
 and no room was left. A large tobacco warehouse,, 
 occupying the greater part of the square between Grace 
 and Broad, and 17th and 18th streets, was emi3tied of 
 the tobacco, and temporary beds and bunks erected 
 there. This was the famous Seabrook's Hospital. 
 
 Later, large wooden houses were erected at Howard's 
 Grove, a cool and shady spot one mile east of the city, 
 on the Mechanicsville Turnpike. Here were accommo- 
 dations for several thousand persons, and it continued 
 full until the close of the war. But the most noted, as 
 it was the largest of all, was 
 
 Chimborazo. — This hospital comprised a series of 
 one story wooden houses, built on Chimborazo Heights^ 
 
24 Visitor'' s Guide. 
 
 in the southeastern suburbs of the city. Here were to 
 be found soldiers from every Southern State, and from 
 hence many a poor fellow was taken to the neighboring 
 cemetery of Oakwood, where all the dead from this 
 hospital were buried. Several of the Southern States 
 also had separate and distinct hospitals here, in which 
 many of the soldiers of those States, respectively, 
 were cared for, at the expense of the State. 
 
 NEGRO JAILS AJSfJD AUCTION HOUSES. 
 
 In the days of slavery, jails v/ere built in which 
 negroes for sale and hire were kept and boai'ded at a 
 per diem, and halls were fitted up, in which they were 
 exhibited whenever possible purchasers came 'round. 
 Soon these jails were insufficient to accommodate all 
 the business, and sellers wishing to take better advan- 
 tage of the competition among buyers, many of whom 
 came from the far south, yearly, to increase or replenish 
 their labor, opened auction houses. In these the slaves 
 were arranged in rows, on benches, around the room, 
 awaiting their turn to be called to the auctioneer's 
 block. 
 
 These auction houses were all situated on Franklin, 
 near the corner of Wall street, and it was thought nec- 
 essary that the jails should be in close proximity, so 
 that the slaves could be more readily taken to the auc- 
 tion houses, and with less danger of escapes ; and, also, 
 that purchasers who were making up their lots might 
 board near the jails, (the leading hotels being on Frank- 
 lin street,) until they could buy their supplies. 
 
 The jails were, therefore, almost v>'ithout exception, 
 in the bottom between Franklin and Broad streets, on 
 jail alley. The most noted of these because the largest, 
 
Visitors Guide. 25 
 
 and, therefore, able to accommodate the largest num- 
 ber, was the one known as 
 
 Lumpkin's. — This house was built some time about 
 the year 1825, by Bacon Tait, for this purpose, and was 
 used as such until the close of the war. During the 
 war, a portion of it was used in connection with Castle 
 Lightning as a temporary receptacle for political pris- 
 oners. After the war, it was fllted up by the Rev. Dr. 
 Colver, a Baptist clergyman from Chicago, as an insti- 
 tute for the training of young colored men for the Min- 
 istry, and continued to be used as such until about one 
 year ago 1870, when, having received large accessions to 
 their funds, the society bought a large building on Main 
 street. This building was situated on the corner of Main 
 and 19th streets, and was foimerly known as the 
 
 United States Hotel. — It was built many years ago, 
 and was at one time the leading hotel of the city, being 
 at that time situated in the business portion of the city ; 
 but trade went up town, visitors fell off, and the house 
 gradually became unpopular, until 1850, when it was 
 closed altogether. It was put to various uses, until 
 finally sold to trustees for the purpose to which it is 
 now applied. It is being well fitted up as a school, 
 with lodging and recitation rooms, and apartments for 
 the principal and his assistants. About sixty young 
 colored men are here under instruction, and some 
 fifteen or twenty ministers are turned out each year. 
 The institution is under charge of Kev. C. H. Corey, 
 D. D. 
 
 THE COUNTY COURT HOUSE 
 
 Is situated at the corner of 22d and Main streets. 
 There is nothing specially attractive about the building. 
 But in the musty records of the clerk's office may be 
 
26 Visitors Guide. 
 
 found some of the oldest deeds, wills, &c. , to be met with 
 in the State. Henrico county was one of the eight origi- 
 nal shires of the State, as it was the most westerly, 
 running back, if we are not misinformed, as far west 
 as the Ohio, and possibly beyond. It has been divided 
 and cut down until but little of its fair proportions re- 
 main ; but the many old quaint and curious papers of 
 this once widely extending county are kept here. 
 
 PUBLIC rAJlKS. 
 
 As yet the city authorities have not paid as much at- 
 tention to these "lungs of the city" as they should, 
 laut in the Capitol Square Richmond has a park vv^hich 
 would ,do honor to any city in the country. It is ob- 
 long, and contains about sixteen acres. It was origi- 
 nally very rough and rugged, but under the direction of 
 Mons. Godefroi, and more recently under that of Mr. 
 Notman, of Philadelphia, it has assumed its present 
 beautiful and picturesque appearance. The grounds 
 -are adorned with the various kinds of forest trees indige- 
 nous to Virginia, besides linden and other exotic 
 trees. Since the war many trees of American varieties 
 have been brought and transplanted, some of them from 
 the far west. .Broad and shady walks wind through and 
 a,round this park, and numbers of seats invite the v/eary 
 pedestrian or pleasure-seeker to sit down in the shade of 
 the trees. Two fountains, on opposite sides of the park, 
 send up their cooling waters. 
 
 MoxROE Park is in the western part of the city. It has 
 only been recently laid out, and planted with trees and 
 shrubbery. It has also been adorned with a bronze 
 statue of Washington, by Hubard — an exact copy of 
 Houdon's statue, in the Capitol building. 
 
Visitor's Guide. ' "27 
 
 The City Spring Park is a popular resort for nurses 
 and their charges. It is entered from Seventh or 
 Eighth streets. This park presents few attractions to 
 strangers. 
 
 CEMETEB lES. 
 
 Hollywood Cemetery should be visited by all who 
 come to Richmond, however short their stay may be. 
 It may be reached either by the City Railway, whose 
 terminus is just at the gate, or by carriage at city rates. 
 It lies on the banks of the James River, south-wept of 
 the city, and comprises, including the recent additions 
 in order to make room for the soldiers graves, over 
 sixty acres. For beauty of natural scenery, Hollywood 
 Cemetery can be surpassed by few in this country. 
 
 The soldiers' section occupies the greater part of an 
 almost unshaded hill immediately at one gate and not 
 far from the other. Here are interred the remains of 
 five thousand Confederate soldiers, each grave being 
 distinctly marked by a small numbered stone erected 
 by the ladies of the Hollywood Memorial Association. 
 The numbers on the stones refer to a Memorial Regis- 
 ter issued by the Association, in which may be found 
 the names of a large proportion of the soldiers here 
 buried— some, of course, as in all large cemeteries, 
 are unknown. 'Jlie Register may be obtained of Mrs. 
 E. H. Brown, Secretary of the Association. 
 
 The most conspicuous object in the cemetery from 
 any avenue of approach, and the most intereresting to 
 tourists generally is the Confederate Memorial Pile, 
 erected by the ladies of the South in memory of the 
 Southern dead. It is located on a high hill, and is 
 ninety feet high and about forty feet square at the base. 
 
28 • Visitor's Guide. 
 
 The design is most unique. At present it seems to be a 
 mere pyramid of unhewn granite blocks, piled up with 
 little idea of forming a beautiful structure. But when 
 the vines now showing themselves a few feet above the 
 base shall have taken firm root and spread abroad their 
 clinging branches until the whole pyramid is covered 
 with verdure, the effect will be striking and picturesque. 
 On the east side of the monument appears the inscrip 
 lion: "To the Confederate Dead ;"' on the north the 
 motto: ^^ Memoria in yEteiiia,^^ and on the west the 
 legend: " Erected by the Ladies of the Hollywood Me- 
 morial Association, A. D., 1869." 
 
 Once a year, on the day set apart for the decoration 
 of the graves of the Confederate dead, when the beau- 
 tiful cemetery is thronged with people from Richmond 
 and the surrounding country, the apex of the pyramid, 
 notwithstanding its giddy height, is invariably crowned 
 with a wreath of laurel, by some venturesome youth. 
 It is no easy task to accomplish this feat without the 
 aid of a ladder, but it is always done. 
 
 The most notable graves in Hollywood are those of 
 General J. E. B. Stuart, the great cavalry leader of the 
 Southern Confederacy; Lieutenant General A. P. Hill, 
 one of Lee's most trusted officers; General W. H. 
 Stevens, Chief Engineer of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia ; General John Pegram, and his brother, the 
 Colonel; and Captain 0. Jennings Wise, son of Gover- 
 nor Henry A, Wise, and a celebrated editor of the 
 Richmond Enquirer. Many Confederate officers, rang- 
 ing in rank from General to subaltern, are interred in 
 private lots. In one of the j^rivate vaults the re- 
 mains of General John H. Morgan, the great Kentucky 
 
Visitor's Guide. 29 
 
 guerilla, were deposited for two or three years, until 
 removed to bis own beloved State. 
 
 The monument to Bishop Meade, one of the fore- 
 most churchmen of the country, a historian of the 
 Old Dominion, and for many years Bishop of the Dio- 
 cese of Virginia, was erected by the people of the 
 diocese within the last few years. It bears a most af- 
 fectionate and appropriate inscription. 
 
 Above the remains of Ex-President Monroe is reared 
 an iron tomb, beautiful in design and perfect in work- 
 manship. Monroe was buried in New York, but in 
 1857 his body was escorted to Richmond by the 
 Seventh Regiment of New York Volunteers, and de- 
 posited on the brow of the hill in Hollywood now cov- 
 ered by this monument. The military and civic display 
 attending the second inteiment was such as should be 
 made at the death of one of the merits and high posi- 
 tion of this son of Virginia. 
 
 About one mile east of the city, on a little eminence, 
 ' gently sloping towards the rising sun, is Oakwood 
 Cemetery. These grounds, embracing some forty acres, 
 were purchased by the city about fifteen years ago, and 
 laid off in burial lots, comparatively few of which have 
 ji^en sold, persons preferring the more beautiful grounds 
 ^- of Hollywood. Nature has not done so much for the 
 beautifying of this as her sister cemetery; but, far re- 
 moved from the busy world around — no noisy hum of 
 crowded mart, nor clattering wheel of mill disturbs 
 the mourner here. All is quiet as the grave itself. 
 The spot is sacred, too, in the eyes of all southerners, 
 for here lie eighteen thousand of the sons of the South 
 who fell fighting for what they believed to be right. 
 Every Southern state is here represented, and here in 
 
30 TUitor^s Guide. 
 
 the early spring the fair hands of Virginia ladies strew 
 flowers over the graves of these heroes of the '' Lost 
 Cause." 
 
 The graves of the soldiers have each a head-board 
 whereon is neatly painted the name of the dead, with 
 his company, regiment and State, so far as the facts 
 could be ascertained. The corner stone of a monu- 
 ment in memory of the Confederate dead was laid here 
 in May 1871, and it was expected that the monument 
 would be completed in a year from that time. The 
 graves are carefully cared for by the ladies of the Oak- 
 wood Memorial Association, and the funds for building 
 the monument were collected through the same instru- 
 mentality. 
 
 Shockoe Hill Ckmetery is located in the northern 
 part of the city, in the neighborhood of the City Alms 
 House. It has many fine tomb-stones and is a popu- 
 lar place of burial. Nearly all the graves are over-run 
 with flowers and creeping vines. Just in rear of it is 
 The Jewish Cemetery, which is worth visiting. It is 
 neatly enclosed and handsomely adorned. The graves 
 of the Confederate soldiers (nearly all Hebrews,) oi^ 
 surrounded by an elegant and appropriate iron railing, 
 cast to represent arms and ammunition. 
 
 The National Cemetery is located on the Wil- 
 liamsburg road, about two miles from Richmond. 
 The Federal Government has collected the bones 
 of thousands of Union soldiers from the cemeteries 
 and battle-fields of "Virginia, and deposited them 
 here, where a careful and loving watch may be kept 
 over their graves by those for whom they fought. 
 Money has been lavishly expended in making the 
 place attractive, and that object has been accom- 
 
Visitor's Guide. 31 
 
 pHsbed. Every grave has been turfed, and each is 
 marked by a neat white head-board, bearing, when pos- 
 sible, the name and antecedents of him who sleeps be- 
 low. There are hundreds, however, whose names could 
 not be ascertained, and one sees on all sides such in- 
 scriptions as '^ one unknown U. S. soldier," "two un- 
 known U. S. soldiers," and sometimes " fo?tr unknown 
 U. S. soldiers." The graves are always decorated on 
 the 30th [May, under the supervision of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic- 
 
 FIXE VIEWS. 
 
 There are views in and around our city, which, for 
 beauty and variety of landscape, are unsurpassed in this 
 State. That from the top of the Capitol building, 
 forty feet above the highest surrounding buildings, is 
 grand in the extreme. When the tourist emerges through 
 the sky-light in the roof, the first view which meets his 
 eyes is of Church and Union Hills, the most prominent 
 object being St. John's Church, so deeply embowered in 
 trees that only the steeple is visible. The other churches, 
 taller than the houses around them, stand out in bold re- 
 lief. Maddox Hill, Howard's Grove, the Central Lu- 
 natic Asylum— the once famous Fairfield Race Course, 
 Oakwood Cemetery, Battery No. 5, and Mount Erin, 
 are all in full view. As we turn to the right we see all 
 the lower portion of the city, including Rocketts. The 
 river, too, is here seen, stretching like molten silver far 
 away, the eye distinctly marking its course until it is lost 
 around the curve at Drewry's Bluff. With a good glass 
 maybe distinctly seen several old country seats, amongst 
 them are " Wilton," " Cockamouth," '• Chats worth," 
 •'Tree Hill," "Powhatan" and " Marion Hill." 
 
32 Visitor^ s Guide. 
 
 Turning still more to the right, the vision crosses the- 
 river and rests on Manchester ; the once celebrated 
 Falls Plantation — the hospitable residence of the Marx 
 family, while around and through it, over extensive 
 fields, are now seen nea,t little cottages, and well tilled 
 patches of ground. Still turning, the vision is shortened 
 by the hills of Chesterfield ; but we see Mayo's, the 
 Danville and Petersburg bridges, all of which span the 
 river just here ; and above them may be seen Belle 
 Isle, with its large iron foundry, while the river leaping 
 over the rocks with a roar often heard for miles, and 
 running around and between them in many a whirl and 
 eddy, and the numberless green islands which are pre- 
 sented to view, form together as picturesque a scene as 
 the eye of the tourist ever rests upon. Turning further to> 
 the right, we see the Tredegar "Works, the old State 
 Armory, the Canal, Pump-House, Penitentiary, and last 
 of all, Hollywood, that beautiful city of the dead, and 
 popular resort of the living, with its spire of unhewn 
 granite, raised in honor of the Confederate dead, lifting 
 its peak above the tops of the tallest trees surrounding it. 
 All around us is beauty and quiet, for at our great alti- 
 tude from the ground no noise, save that of the ever- 
 roaring falls, reaches us. We look down on the houses^ 
 the churches and the monuments. 
 
 Beautiful views may also be obtained from " Libby's" 
 and "Gamble's" Hills. These spots are always visited 
 by tourists, and many of our citizens find ever increas- 
 ing gratification in the scenery, as day after day they 
 visit these commanding heights to enjoy the delight- 
 ful river breezes, which are always found here. 
 
 nOJVy JTAMES liirJER. 
 
 The ride down James River during the summer or 
 
Visitor'' s Guide. 33 
 
 ■early fall, is one of the most delightful which can be ta- 
 ken by the tourist or pleasure- seeker. The gentle and 
 easy curves of the stream, the cool and refreshing 
 breezes, and the untiring courtesy and politeness of the 
 officers of the river boats, all serve to make it a charming 
 trip. As the steamer glides along there are to be seen 
 large and finely cultivated plantations, houses whose date 
 of erection is far back in the colonial times, ruins whose 
 walls, could they speak, would tell us wondrous tales of 
 the gay cavaliers, and high born ladies who onco occu- 
 pied them, and roamed over the extensive grounds sur- 
 rounding them. But the day of their glory has passed. 
 Near these old residences may now be seen the low 
 dirty hut of the negro, and on the broad bosom of the 
 river where once floated the boats of the cavalier may 
 now be seen the clumsy fishing boat and the winged 
 messengers of commerce. 
 
 The site of the ancient tov/n of Warwick, a few 
 miles south of the city, is pointed out to the traveler, but 
 nought of the town remains, save the old grave yard 
 and broken wharf. Lower down are still seen standing 
 a portion of the earth vrorks of Fort Darling, built 
 to resist the invasion of Tarleton, during the revolu- 
 tionary war. Still further on we see the extensive 
 works of Drewr¥'s Bluff, erected during the late 
 war. A mile beyond, on the opposite side of the river, is 
 Chaffin's Bluff, a fortification scarcely less formida- 
 ble than the other. Just below this point is Dutch- 
 Gap Canal, then Varina, where the exchange of pri- 
 soners took place; and Deep Bottom, where the iron 
 clad fleet protected the army of General McClellan, af- 
 ter the battle of Malvern Hill. Further down is the 
 spot known for nearly two centuries as Bermuda Hun- 
 
3^ Visitor's Guide. 
 
 dreds, and then we reach City Point, 'where General' 
 Grant received the supplies for his army, when he in- 
 vested Petersburg. There are numerous other places 
 of note, but none of importance until the steamer 
 touches at Jamestown, These ruins are to the South- 
 erner, what Plymouth Rock is to the New Englander, 
 for here the first settlement in British America was made 
 by Captain John Smith, on the 13th May, 1607. The 
 site is a point of land projecting into the James. Lit- 
 tle now remains of the firp.t settlement, except the ivy- 
 covered tower of the church, where worshipped Smith 
 and his fellow- colonists. It is not known positively 
 when the church to which this tower belonged was 
 built, but it is supposed that the ruins are nearly two 
 hundred and fifty years old. Leaving the boat at 
 Jamestown, the tourist may by a drive reach 
 
 Williamsburg, the seat of Government for the State 
 of Virginia from 1698 to 1779. Here are at present 
 located William and Mary College and the Eastern Lu- 
 natic Asylum. But the scope of this work does not ad- 
 mit of a description of the many interesting relics to be 
 found at these places, nor of a further account of the 
 ride dovrn the James. The tourist is now far beyond 
 Richmond. Suffice it to say that much of interest may 
 be seen on either side of the river even down to its 
 mouth, where Nkwport's News presents itself, its har- 
 bor memorable as the scene of the burning of the Con- 
 gress and sinking of the Cumberland in the Merri- 
 MAC fight of 1862. 
 
 TLI.ASANT DRIVES. 
 
 There are six principal roads leading into the city 
 from the surrounding country. Commencing at the river 
 
Visiior's Guide. 35 
 
 on the east, we have, first, the Osborne turnpike — turn- 
 pike no longer, for the toll-gates have long since been 
 taken down. This road a mile below the city runs by 
 Pov.'HATAX — once the seat of King Powhatan, and the 
 scene of the intervention of Pocahontas to save Cap- 
 tain John Smith — and Chaffin's Farm, on which the 
 fortifications of " Chaffin's Bixff" were erected. 
 Branching ofi" from this road at Tree Hill is the New 
 Market or Yarina road, leading to Charles City Court 
 House. This is the direct route to Fort Harrison, 
 Yarixa, Dutch Gap, Malveris' Hill, Harrison's Land- 
 ing, and other places of note during the war. 
 
 Williamsburg Road. — Entering the city at the same 
 point is the Williamsburg road, which branches about 
 one and a half miles below the city, one fork leading 
 through Darby town, on by Fussell's Mill. The other 
 passes the National Cemetery near this city, and at 
 Seven Pines running near the celebrated battle fields 
 of Savage's Station and Seven Pines, of "Fair 
 Oaks," to New Kent Court House. 
 
 Nine Mile Road. — Entering the city by way of Yen- 
 able Street, (Union Hill) is the Nine Mile road, a high- 
 way which acquired much notoriety during the late war. 
 It is also one of the drives to the field of Seven Pines. 
 
 Mechanic sviLLE^ Turnpike. — Directly from the east 
 ern portion of the city, and entering it also by way of 
 Yeuable and Eighteenth streets, is the Mechanicsville 
 turnpike, a road leading to some of the most sanguin- 
 ary and hotly contested battle fields of the war. El- 
 lerson's Mill, Gaines' Mill, Cold Harbor, and the 
 scene of many a smaller fight and innumerable skirm- 
 ishes, are reached by this drive. 
 
 The Meadow Bridge Road — Coming into the city on 
 
36 Visitor s Guide. 
 
 Seventeenth street, affords a very pretty drive. A num- 
 ber of beautiful villas and well cultivated farms meet 
 the eye of the traveler, and relieve the monotony of 
 the landscapes, but it is chiefly interesting to tourists 
 as the route by which Lieutenant General A. P. Hill 
 led his corps to flank the army of McClellan — the com- 
 mencement of the ''seven days" fight. The Meadoio 
 Bridge over the Chickahominy is the spot where the 
 first gun was fired in that memorable conflict. 
 
 The Brook Turnpike — Entering the city at its north- 
 eastern corner, is another beautiful drive. Along this 
 road are elegant houses, pretty cottages, and many truck 
 or market gardens. Dahlgreen's nearest approach to the 
 city, in his memorable raid in 1864, was on this road. 
 On this occasion he approached within about a mile of 
 the corporate limits- 
 
 Deep Rux TuR^'PIKE, entering the city on Broad 
 street, in former days received its support as a pike 
 mainly by the many coal carts which brought coal from 
 the Deep Run Fits, ten miles above the city. These 
 pits are not now worked, but many a sunken shaft, 
 half-filled, and many a pile of slate and black rock, 
 give evidence of the busy scenes once witnessed in the 
 now silent woods. An attempt was made a few years 
 since to renew the working of these pits, but the enter- 
 prise failed, and they have been again abandoned. 
 This road, about twelve miles from Richmond, falls 
 into the 
 
 Three Chop Road, once one of the most famous 
 in the State, inasmuch as it was the most direct 
 route to Louisville, Kentucky. By this highway the 
 droves of horses, mules and cattle from that prolific 
 country were driven to the eastern markets. It is now 
 
Visitor's Guide. 37 
 
 used mostly for neighborhood purposes, and the road- 
 side taverns which once gave nightly "entertainment 
 for man and beast" are no more. This, as well as 
 other roads in this portion of the State, bears the 
 marks made by the hogsheads of tobacco, when it was 
 the practice to roll them to market, by passing a pole 
 through the middle and fastening thereto a pair of 
 shafts, to which a horse was attached. The holes made 
 by the rolling hogsheads, each one taking up a portion 
 of mud and depositing it further on, are still seen^ 
 though more than a half century has elapsed since this 
 mode of transportation has been abandoned. 
 
 The Grove Road affords a short and pleasant eve- 
 ning drive. It is reached by Grace or Franklin streets, 
 and runs from the latter up through Sidney, uniting 
 with the Deep Run Turnpike about two miles from 
 the city, On this road, many of our merchants and 
 other business men have bought land and built mod- 
 ern residences. There is no more fashionable drive 
 than out Franklin street. 
 
 The Westham Road enters the extreme western 
 part of the city. It passes through the most improving 
 suburbs, and in full view of Hollywood Cemetery, the 
 Reservoir and Camp Grant, or Harvie, goes by some 
 of the finest farms on the upper James River, and 
 leads to the ancient town of Westham. 
 
 THJE WAT TO THE BATTL,E-FIEIjI}S AJROUNI} 
 
 RICHMOND. 
 
 Cold Harbor — Seven miles from Richmond, is 
 
 reached by the Mechanicsville road. 
 
 Seven Pines or Fair Oaks, about nine miles from 
 
 Richmond, is reached by the "Williamsburg road j and 
 c 
 
B8 Visitor^ s Guide. 
 
 the York River Railroad passes through the battle-field. 
 Savage's Station is reached by the same lines of 
 
 travel as Seven Pines. 
 
 Ellerson's Mill, about six miles from the city, 
 
 is reached by the Mechanicsville road. 
 
 Fort Harrison is near the Osborne Pike or River 
 road, and is about eleven miles from Richmond. 
 
 Malvern Hill, about fifteen miles distant, is most 
 accessible by the River and New Market roads. 
 
 Deep Bottom and Varina are reached by the same 
 roads. 
 
 Gaines' Mill, just below Ellerson's, is, like that bat- 
 tle-field, reached by the Mechanicsville road. 
 
 Atlee's is on the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, 
 about nine miles from Richmond ; and Hanover Court 
 House is on the same road and about seventeen miles 
 from the city. 
 
 A description of the battles is beyond the province 
 of this little work — nor can we pretend to catalogue the 
 numerous localities in which skirmishes were fought. 
 
 Further reference to the battle-fields may be found 
 under the caption — "Pleasant Drives." 
 
 THE MAItSUAJLL MOUSE. 
 
 At the south-west corner of Marshall and Ninth 
 streets, stands an unpretending two-story brick build- 
 ing, built by Chief Justice Marshall about 1795, and in 
 which he resided until his death in 1835. The prop- 
 erty has ever since remained in the family, being now 
 owned by his grand daughter Miss Mary Harvie. It is 
 at present occupied by Ex- Governor Henry A. Wise, 
 late General in the C. S. A. 
 
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 t-rl V 
 l-H J£ 
 
 H - 
 o 
 
Visitor'' s Guide. 39 
 
 CITT CHUJiCHES. 
 
 Catholic. — St. Peter's Cathedral, corner Grace and 
 Eighth streets, Right Rev. John McGill, D. D., Bishop 
 of the Diocese. 
 
 St Patrick's, Twenty- fifth street, between Broad and 
 Grace. 
 
 St. Mary's (German), Marshall, between Third and 
 Fourth streets. 
 
 Episcopal. — St. Paul's, corner Grace and Ninth 
 streets. 
 
 Monumental, Broad, between Twelfth and Thirteenth 
 streets. 
 
 Grace, corner Main and Foushee streets. 
 
 St. James, Fifth street, corner of Marshall. 
 
 St. John's, Broad, corner Twenty-fifth street. 
 
 St. Mark's, Fourth street, between Clay and Leigh. 
 
 Presbyterian. — First Church, corner of Tenth and 
 Capitol streets. 
 
 Second, Fifth street, between Main and Franklin. 
 
 Third, corner Twenty-fifth and Broad Streets. 
 
 Grace- street (formerly the United,) corner of Grace 
 and Fourth streets. 
 
 Church of the Disciples. — Sycamore, meets tem- 
 porarily at Universalist Church, on Mayo street. 
 
 Baptist. — First Church, corner Broad and Twelfth 
 streets. 
 
 Second, Main corner of Sixth street. 
 
 Grace Street, corner of Foushee and Grace streets. 
 
 Leigh- street, Leigh, corner Twenty fifth street, Church. 
 Hill. 
 
 Pine- street — Oregon Hill. 
 
 Fulton, Rocketts. 
 
 Sidney, Sidney. 
 
40 Visitor^ s Guide. 
 
 Lutheran. — St. John's (German), Fifth street, be- 
 tween Leigh and Jackson. 
 
 Bethlehem (Evangelical,) Sixth street, near Clay. 
 
 Friends Meeting-House, Clay street, between First 
 and Foushee. 
 
 Methodist Episcopal. — Broad-Street, corner Broad 
 and Tenth streets. 
 
 Centenary, Grace, between Fourth and Fifth streets. 
 
 Clay street, corner of Adams and Clay. 
 
 Trinity, corner of Broad and 20th streets. 
 
 Union Station, Union Hill. 
 
 There are churches also in Sidney, Oregon Hill and 
 Rocketts. 
 
 Jewish. — Congregation House of Israel, synagogue, 
 Broad, between Ninth and Tenth streets. 
 
 Bayth Ahabah, Eleventh street, near Clay. 
 
 Kenneseth Israel, Mayo street, between Broad and 
 Ross. 
 
 Beth Shalom, Mayo street, between Broad and Ross. 
 
 Colored Churches. — The most noted colored 
 church is the First African, (Baptist) on Broad and 
 College streets. This church is said to have the largest 
 membership of any church in the world. 
 
 Chimborazo, (Baptist) on Chimborazo Hill is a popu- 
 lar place of worship. 
 
 Second Church (Baptist,) near the Penitentiary. 
 
 There is also a methodist church on Third street, 
 near the Poor House with a large membership. All 
 these churches have colored pastors, v/hose ministra- 
 tions appear to give entire satisfaction to the congrega- 
 tions. 
 
 CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum, corner of Marshall and 
 
Visitor'' s Guide. 41 
 
 Fourth streets, was founded by Father O'Brien in 1835. 
 There are three departments of the institution — the 
 asylum proper, the academy, and the parochial school 
 on Fourth street. The asylum numbers sixty-five bene- 
 ficiaries, and the parochial school one hundred and 
 twenty-five. The institution is under the management 
 of Sister Mariana and thirteen other Sisters of Charity. 
 
 The Female Orphan Asylum was instituted about 
 1807. It is located on the cowier of Leigh and Seventh 
 streets, in a building erected through the liberality of 
 the late Edmund Walls. It has at present but thirty- 
 six beneficiaries, though it is capable of accommoda- 
 ting over one hundred. The officers are Mrs. L. M. 
 Norton, president; Mrs. Wm. H. Macfarland, vice- 
 president ; Mrs. John L. Bacon, treasurer ; Mrs. Dr. 
 Peterfield Trent, secretary ; Mrs. C. Gennett and others, 
 directors. 
 
 The Male Orphan Asylum, located at Harvie, (form- 
 erly Camp Grant,) was founded in 1846. There are 
 thirty-five boys in the asylum under the superintendence 
 of Mr. Joseph W. Gill and his lady. Dr. W. W. Parker, 
 president; A. T. Harris, W. K. Watts, Thomas D. 
 Quarles, Wm. F. Taylor, vice-presidents ; James Dun- 
 lop, treasurer ; Charles U. Williams, Secretary ; Dr. 
 W. H. Gwathmey and others, directors. 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 City Hall, corner of Broad, Capitol and Eleventh 
 streets. In this building are the rooms of the Chancery 
 and Hustings Courts, the offices of the Mayor, Collec- 
 tor of City Taxes, Commissioner of the Revenue, Au- 
 ditor, City Engineer, Clerk of the Council, Inspector 
 of Gas, City Sergeant, Sealer of Weights and Measures, 
 and the Council Chamber and Jury Rooms. 
 
42 Visitors Guide. 
 
 City Jail, corner Marshall street and Jail alley. 
 
 Alms House, at the northern extermity of Third 
 street. This is a splendid and commodious building — 
 admirably kept. 
 
 State Pexitentiart, on Oregon Hill, within the 
 corporate limits. 
 
 County Court House and Jail, corner of Main and 
 Twenty- second streets. 
 
 State Court House, Eleventh street, between Broad 
 and Marshall. 
 
 First Market, Main street, corner Seventeenth^ 
 running back to Grace street. 
 
 Second Market, corner of Broad and Sixth streets. 
 
 Police Headquarters and First Police Station,. 
 over the First Market, corner Main and Seventeenth 
 streets. 
 
 Second Police Station, over Second Market, cor- 
 ner Sixth and Broad streets. 
 
 Third Police Station, over Engine House, on Brook 
 Avenue. 
 
 Circuit Court Rooms, Stearns' building, opposite 
 Post Office. 
 
 Assembly Hall, Eighth between Franklin and Grace 
 streets. 
 
 Washington Hall, Broad, between Ninth and Tenth 
 streets. 
 
 St. Alban's Hall, corner Third and Main streets. 
 Masons" Hall, Franklin street, between Eighteenth 
 and Nineteenth. 
 
 Pythian Hall, corner of Eleventh and Bank streets. 
 Marshall Hall, corner of Tenth and Bank streets. 
 
 Odd Fellows' Hall, corner of Franklin and Maj'O 
 streets. 
 
Visitor's Guide. 43 
 
 Springfield Hall, corner Twenty- sixth and M streets 
 
 City Waterworks Office, under Washington Hall, 
 Broad between Ninth and Tenth streets. 
 
 Corn and Flour Exchange, corner Gary and 
 Twelfth streets. 
 
 Tobacco Exchange, Thirteenth street, near Gary. 
 
 Chamber of Commerce Rooms, over First National 
 Bank of Richmond, Main street, between Eleventh and 
 Twelfth. 
 
 Young Men's Christian Association Rooms, under 
 Pythian Hall, corner of Eleventh and Main streets. 
 
 Central Lunatic Asylum for the colored insane, 
 Howard's Grove. 
 
 TOBACCO WABJEJIOirSES. 
 
 Either of these will be found worth visiting by 
 those unacquainted with the handling of tobacco. 
 The principal ones are the Shockoe on Shoekoe 
 Slip, south of Gary street : the Public on the 
 south-side of the Basin ; Mayo's between the river and 
 the Dock near Mayo's Bridge; and Seabrook's, on 
 Grace, between Seventeenth and Eighteenth streets. 
 
 BAILJiOAD DEPOTS. 
 
 Richmond, Fredericksburg and PotoMxIC, corner 
 of Eighth and Byrd streets, and Broad street corner 
 of Eighth. 
 
 Richmond and Danville, near the river between 
 Thirteenth and Fourteenth streets. 
 
 Richmond and York River, Gary street, between 
 Twenty-Fourth and Twenty-Fifth. 
 
 Richmojstd and Petersburg, corner of Eighth and 
 Byrd streets. 
 
 Chesapeake ArcD Ohio, corner Broad and Seventeenth 
 streets. 
 
44 Visitor'' s Guide. 
 
 NEWSJPjLPEIt OFFICES. 
 
 Daily, Semi- Weekly and Weekly Dispatch, by- 
 Co wardln & Ellyson, corner Twelfth and Main streets. 
 
 Daily, Semi Weekly and Weekly Enquirer, by 
 ^ Enquirer Publishing Company, Main, between Twelfth 
 and Thirteenth streets. 
 
 Daily, Semi- Weekly and Weekly Whig, by J. C. 
 Shields, corner of Franklin and Governor streets. 
 
 Daily, Semi- Weekly and Weekly State Journal, 
 by J. T. Daniels, Main, between Ninth and Tenth 
 streets. 
 
 Evening News, by W. H. Wade & Co., Ninth be- 
 tween Main & Franklin. 
 
 Virginia Gazette, (German daily,) by Gazette Pub- 
 lishing Co., Main, between Seventh and Eighth streets. 
 
 Richmond Anzeiger, (German daily), by B. Hassel, 
 Governor, between Main and Franklin streets. 
 
 SECBET BENEVOLENT ORDERS. 
 
 Masonic. — Richmond Lodge, No. 10, meets at Ma- 
 sons' Hall, on Franklin street, on the first Tuesday in 
 each month. 
 
 Richmond Randolph Lodge, No. 19, meets at Masons' 
 Hall, on Franklin street, on the third Tuesday in each 
 month. 
 
 Metropolitan Lodge, No. 11, meets at St. Albans 
 Hall, corner of Third and Main streets, on the second 
 Thursday in each month. 
 
 Loge Francais, No. 53, meets at Washington Hall, 
 on Broad street, on the second Monday of each month. 
 
 St. John's Lodge, No. 36, meets at Washington 
 Hall, on Broad street, on the second Tuesday of each 
 month. 
 
Visitor's Guide. 45 
 
 Joppa Lodge, No. 40, meets at St. Albans corner of 
 Third and Main streets, on the Fourth Thursday of 
 each month. 
 
 Dove Lodge, No. 51, meets at Washington Hall, on 
 Broad street, on the Fourth Friday in each month. 
 
 Temple Lodge, No. 9, meets at St. Albans Hall, 
 corner Third and Main streets, on the first Friday of 
 each month. 
 
 Henrico Union Lodge, No. 130, meets at Masonic 
 Hall, Twenty-fifth street, on the first Monday of each 
 month. 
 
 Richmond Royal Arch Chapter, No. 3, meets at Ma- 
 sons' Hall, on Franklin street, on the first Thursday, 
 in each month. 
 
 Lafayette Royal Arch Chapter, No. 43, meets at 
 Washington Hall, on Broad street, on the Third Thurs- 
 day in each month. 
 
 St. Albans Royal Arch Chapter, No. 33, meets at 
 St. Alban's Hall, corner Third and Main streets, on 
 the first Monday in each month. 
 
 Harman Royal Arch Chapter, No. 53, meets at Ma- 
 sonic Hall, on Twenty-fifth street, on the third Mon- 
 day of each month, 
 
 Richmond Commandery, No. 2, Knights Templar, 
 meets at the Asylum on Franklin street, between Eigh- 
 teenth and Nineteenth, on the fourth Tuesday of each 
 month. 
 
 IxDEPEXDEXT Order Odd Fellows. — Jeff*erson 
 Lodge, No. 4, meets every Monday night at Odd Fel- 
 lows' Hall, corner of Franklin and Mayo streets. 
 
 Union, No. 7, meets at Odd Fellows' Hall every Fri- 
 day night. 
 
46 Visitor's Guide. 
 
 Friendship, No. 10, meets every Tuesday night at 
 Odd Fellows' Hall. 
 
 Powhatan No, 12, meets on AVednesday nights at 
 Odd Fellows' Hall. 
 
 Fitzhugh, No. 93, meets every Tuesday night at 
 Fitzhugh Hall, Broad street near Sixth. 
 
 Aurora, No. 116, meets at the hall, corner of Sec- 
 ond and Broad streets every Wednesday evening, 
 
 Schiller, No. 139, Sixth and Marshall streets, every 
 "Wednesday evening. 
 
 Roane, No. 130, meets every Saturday night, at the 
 Masonic Hall, on Twent3'-fifth street. 
 
 Henderson, No. 105. meets in hall over engine 
 house, Manchester, every Monday night. 
 , Stewart, No. 141, meets every Tuesday night, in 
 Manchester. 
 
 Neilson Encampment No. 2, meets on the First and 
 Third Thursdays of each month, at Odd Fellows' Hall. 
 
 Excelsior Encampment, No. 22, meets at Odd Fel- 
 lows'sHall, on the Second and Fourth Thursdays of 
 each month. 
 
 G)"and Lodge, of Virginia, I. 0. 0. F., meets annu- 
 ally in the city of Richmond oti the Wednesday after 
 the second Monday in April, at Odd Fellows' Hall. 
 
 Grand Encampment of Virginia meets at Odd Fel- 
 lows' s Hall, immediately after the adjournment of the 
 Grand Lodge. 
 
 Red Men.— Pocahontas Tribe, No. 14, I. 0. R. M.,. 
 meets at Marshall Hall, corner Bank and Eleventh 
 streets, every Wednesday evening. 
 
 Chickahominy Tribe, No. 34, I. 0. R. M., meets at 
 Springfield Hall, corner Twenty- sixth and M streets, 
 every Tuesday night. 
 
Visitors Guide. 47 
 
 Annawan, No. 34, I. 0. R. M., meets at Marshall 
 Hall, corner Eleventh and Bank streets, every Monday 
 evening. 
 
 Sycamore, No. 91, I. 0. R. M., meets at Blenner's 
 Hall, corner Sixth and Marshall streets, every Thurs- 
 day evening. 
 
 Independent order b'nai b'rith. — Rimmon Lodge, 
 No. 68, meets on the first and third Sundays of each 
 month at Covenant Hall, on Capitol Street. 
 
 Benjamin, No. 69, meets on the second and fourth 
 Sundays of each month at Covenant Hall. 
 
 Sons of Temperance. — Springfield Division, No. 
 167, meets at Springfield Hall, corner Twenty-sixth 
 and M streets, every Thursday night. 
 
 Shockoe Hill, No- 54, meets at Covenant Hall, on 
 Capitol street, every Friday night. 
 
 Marion, No. 5, meets in the Sunday School Room 
 of the Sidney M. E. Church, every Tuesday night. 
 
 Fidelity, No. 44, meets at Fitzhugh Hall, Broad 
 street, every Thursda}'^ night. 
 
 West End. No. 7, meets at Jackson Hall, corner of 
 Second and Broad streets, every Tuesday night. 
 
 Friends of Temperance. — Stonewall Council, No. 
 74, meets at Springfield Hall, every Monday night. 
 
 Manchester Council, No. 102, meets at Town Hall, 
 Manchester, every Tuesday night. 
 
 Templars of honor and temperance. — Undine 
 Temple, No. 2, meets in Covenant Hall, on the first, 
 third, and fifth Thursday evenings of each month. 
 
 St. John's Degree Council, meets in Covenant Hall, 
 on the second and and fourth Thursday evenings of 
 each month. 
 
 Old Dominion Section No. 1, Independent Order 
 
48 Visitor'' s Guide. 
 
 Cadets of Honor and Temperance, meets every Mon- 
 day evening in Fitzhugh Hall, corner Sixth and Broad 
 streets. 
 
 Knights of Pythias. — Virginia Lodge, No. 2, meets 
 at Pythian Hall, corner Eleventh and Main streets, 
 every Monday night. 
 
 Old Dominion, No. 4, meets at Pythian Hall, corner 
 Eleventh and Main streets, every Tuesday night. 
 
 Syracuse, No. 5, meets at Marshall Hall, corner 
 Tenth and Bank streets, every Friday night. 
 
 Damon, No. 7, meets at Masons' Hall, on Twenty- 
 fifth street, every Friday night. 
 
 Marshall, No. 12, meets at Jackson Hall, corner 
 Second and Broad streets, every Thursday night. 
 
 Richmond, No. 14, meets at Pythian Hall, corner 
 Eleventh and Main streets, every Thursday night. 
 
 Germania No. 15, meets at Marshall Hall, corner 
 Tenth and Bank streets, every Thursday night. 
 
 Hines, No, I7, meets at Pythian Hall, corner Elev- 
 enth and Main streets, every Friday night. 
 
 Jefferson, No. 23, meets at Odd Fellows' Hall, cor- 
 ner Franklin and Mayo streets, every Wednesday night. 
 
 Myrtle, No. 25, just instituted at date of this publi- 
 cation. 
 
 TOWN OF MANCHESTER. 
 
 Manchester lies immediately opposite Richmond, 
 and contains about two thousand five hundred in- 
 habitants. It is situated on ground gently rising from 
 the river, which gives it a very picturesque appearance 
 as viewed from this side. 
 
 It has several churches, and the society is as good as 
 in any other portion of the State. It is celebrated for 
 its water power and its manufactories, having several 
 
Visitor's Guide. 49 
 
 flouring mills, an iron foundry, several cotton facto- 
 ries, &c., &c., all in successful operation. There 
 are many beautiful houses in the town, and it was once 
 a favorite residence of our merchants. Its population 
 is steadily on the increase, and its suburbs may at no 
 distant day again become a popular retreat for our city 
 business men. 
 
 There are several very fine drives leading out of 
 Manchester — one to the Midlothian Coal Pits, distant 
 about eleven miles ; and another takes the traveler to the 
 ruins of Bellona Arsenal, on James River, twelve miles 
 ofip. This Arsenal, formerly a depot for United States 
 Military stores, was founded in 1816, and attached to it 
 was one of the oldest cannon foundries in the Union. 
 Some of the best guns used in this country in ante hel- 
 ium days were cast at this foundry, and mounted on the 
 ramparts of Fortress Monroe. During the war it was 
 revived, and many pieces of ordinance were turned 
 out from its works for the use of the Confederates. 
 After the evacuation, however, it was not used, and a 
 fcAv years ago it was fired by an incendiary and entirely 
 consumed. 
 
 Another road runs oflP in the direction of Petersburg, 
 and over this, in former years, all the travel betAveen 
 the two cities passed. It passes through the village of 
 Chester, and very near the now historic localities of 
 JDrewry's Bluff and Fort Darling. 
 
 IjEGAIj CSABGJES for cams a IV I) SACKS. 
 
 All visitors to the city are advised to examine care- 
 fully the following legal charges for hack-hire, baggage 
 transportation and street car fare. These charges are 
 established by the city ordinances, and should a driver 
 
50 Visiior^s Guide. 
 
 persist in making an illegal demand, he should be re- 
 ported to a policeman, that the law in such case, made 
 and provided, may be enforced. 
 
 For carrying a person in a hack not more 
 than ten squares, - - - 50 cts. 
 For each additional square, - - 5 cts. 
 
 Provided that the whole charge for carrying one person 
 to any part of the city, shall not exceed $1.00. 
 
 The charge for carrying not more than four persons 
 shall not for the whole, exceed Si. 50; unless more 
 than one hour be employed, and then for the first hour 
 only $1.50, and for each succeeding hour, 50 cents. No 
 charge shall be made for children under three j^ears of 
 age. 
 
 For carrying persons between ten o'clock at night 
 and day break, an additional charge of one-half the 
 above rates, and no more, may be made. 
 
 For baggage, the charge shall be for each trunk car- 
 ried outside, 25 cents ; and nothing shall be charged 
 for any article carried inside, or for any carpet bag or 
 basket in hand. 
 
 On the City Railway the fare is 10 cents for an 
 adult, or 5 cents for a child under five years of age — 
 Three tickets, however may be bought for a quarter 
 or twelve for one dollar. 
 
 J^^ Sixteen squares are counted as one mile. 
 
STEREOSCOPIC AND CARD VIEWS 
 
 of 
 
 RlCpONDpDYlClNITY. 
 
 Published and for sale by 
 
 SELDEN &CO., 
 
 Dealers in 
 
 Photograph and Stereoscopic Views, Stereo- 
 scopes, Photograph Albums, Cartes de Visite, 
 Stationery, Plain and Ornamental 
 Frames, Passe par Touts, Con- 
 federate Currency, Curiosi- 
 ties, &.C., &.C. 
 
 No. 318 Main Street, (3d door from cor. lOth.) 
 
 iKg= Catalogues furnished on application. 
 
Tie RicliiiioM, FreieriGlsliiiri & Potoinac 
 
 RAILROAD 
 
 FORMS AN IMPORTANT LINK IN THE 
 
 dreat Tlirongli Line lielweeii the Nortli ani SoiitL 
 
 POMTArn- ^niTTTT Passengers leave the wharf of 
 W^iV±±i.'^ VT OV^ U X±J. ti^e Potomac Steamers at the 
 time named in tlie schedule of the day, and enjoy a delightful 
 trip down the river, passing in full view of many places of his- 
 toric note including 
 
 Mount Vernon — the jioME, of Washington. 
 
 At Acquia creek connection is made with the cars which 
 make quick time to Richmond, running through FRED- 
 ERICKSBURG, HAMILTON'S CROSSING, ASHLAND AND 
 HANOVER JUNCTION, and by several famous battle-fields, in- 
 cluding 
 
 MARYE'S HEIGHTS. 
 
 POTArn- l\jri"RTlT Passengersleavethe depot, cor- 
 
 VJVJ±1>I VT -L> VJ±\^±X1 iierof Byrd and Eighth streets, 
 
 Richmond, on schedule tnne, and the trip is equallj' agreeable, 
 
 >e^ NIGHT TRAINS are supplied with comfortable sleep- 
 ing chairs and NIC4HT BOATS with comfortable State Rooms- 
 and Berths. No ettbrts are spared to make this 
 
 OLD AND FAVORITE ROUTE 
 
 Continue the most attractive. 
 
 ilS-THROUGH TICKETS 8c THROUGH BAGGAGE 
 CHECKED TO ALL POINTS NORTH, SOUTH, EAST AND 
 WEST. 
 
 J. B. GEITTRY, 
 
 Gen'l Ticket Ag't, 
 
 E. D. T. MYEES, 
 
 Gen'l Superintendent. 
 
THROUGH TICKETS 
 
 North, South, East and West. 
 
 A. ^Y, OAIIBER & CO., 
 
 GENERAL R. R. TICKET AGENTS, 
 
 TRANSFER COMPANY and BA&&A&E EXPRESS; 
 
 OFFICE, 826 MAIJ^ STREET, 
 
 Baggage Checked at Hotels and Residences 
 
 On tickets sold by us. 
 
 RATES SAME AS AT DEPOTS. 
 
 B@^Pas>5engers and Baggage called for, or delivered 
 in any part of the City. 
 
 P 
 
UMMl ktmM ai Ecoioiiiical ! 
 
 The splendid side wheel Steamers 
 
 Wyanoke, Isaac Bell, Niagara, Saratoga, 
 Hatteras and Albemarle, 
 
 Are now on the Old Dominion Line to New York. 
 
 Tourists will find this route unusually attractive, 
 affording the advantages of 
 
 A DELIGHTFUL TRIP DOWN THE JAMES 
 
 Passing Dutch Gap, City Point, Jamestovrn, 
 Newport's News, and other historic spots. 
 
 A VISIT TO NOHFOLK, 
 
 Tarrying there long enough to see the Navy Yard and 
 other objects of interest. 
 
 A FINE VIEW OF FORTRESS MONROE AND 
 A SPLENDID OCEAN PASSAGE 
 
 From the Capes of Virgiiiia to New York. 
 
 Accommodations unsurpassed— Pare remarkably Low, 
 
 g^^ No route between Fiichmond and New York of- 
 fers so many attractions to the health or pleasure-seeker 
 
 For Passage apply to 
 
 JK'O. W. WYATT, Ag't 
 
 No. ;j Governor St., Richmond. 
 
RlCpOND&PETERSBilRGR.R, 
 
 This popular line of travel affords 
 
 THE SHORTEST AND MOST DIRECT CONNECTION 
 
 Between the roads going northward from Richmond, 
 and southward from Weldon, N. C. 
 
 SMOOTH ROAD, 
 
 GOOD CARS, 
 
 FAST TIME. 
 
 Connection made at Petersburg with the Weldon Piail- 
 road, with the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad, 
 for Lynchburg, Bristol and the South-west, with the same 
 road to Norfolk and with the branch road to City Point,^ 
 on James River. 
 
 TOURISTS should not fail to visit 
 
 THE BATTLE-FIELDS ABOUT PETERSBURG, 
 
 The scenes of some of the most celebrated fights during 
 the civil war. That city is only twenty- two miles dis- 
 tant from Richmond. 
 
 Jg@"For schedule see daily papers. 
 
 THOS. H. WYNNE, 
 
 Pipsiil^nt. 
 R. B. KASEY, 
 
 Ticket & Freight Ag'i 
 
4 
 
 New & Popular Route to New York 
 
 BY 
 
 LAND AND WATER. 
 
 Tourists desiring to take the most delightful route 
 from Richmond to Norfolk, Philadelphia, Balti- 
 more, or New York, should go 
 
 Down the James River 
 
 On the splendid steamer John Sylvester to Norfolk, 
 thence by the 
 
 BAY LINE TO BALTIMOBE. 
 
 The trip down the historic James, in the day-time, is 
 one of the most agreeable to tourists that can be 
 imagined. The scenery is beautiful, and the boat 
 passes in full of 
 
 Drewry's Bluff, Fort Darling, Chaffin's Bluff, Va- 
 rina, Dutch Gap Canal, Hewlett's, Ber- 
 muda Hundreds, City Point, 
 Jamestown, 
 
 And other places of note during the war. 
 Fare Excellent — Accommodations Pirst-Olass. 
 
 S^^For time of arrival and departure of Steamer, see 
 Richmond papers of the day. 
 
 BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH. 
 
 L. B. TATUM, 
 
 Gen'l Ag't James River Steamboat Co. 
 
; 
 
 THROUGH LINE FROM 
 
 NEW YORK TO NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 THE RICHMOND AND DANVILLE B. 2. 
 
 On this favorite route from Richmond to Greensboro' will be 
 found a road of easy grades and comfortable cars. The time 
 made is as quick as that made on any southern railroad. 
 
 Passengers are received from the Richmond, Fredericks- 
 burg and Potomac Rr.ilroad in Richmond without change of 
 ears. 
 
 CLOSE CONNECTIONS 
 
 Are made at Greensboro' with the North Carolina Central 
 Raih'oad. 
 
 Tourists taking this route pass through the GREAT 
 WHEAT AND TOBACCO GROWING REGION OF VIRGINIA, 
 and see some phases of southern life to be seen nowhere ejse. 
 
 TWO FAST TRAINS DAILY, 
 
 . (Except Sunday,) when there is only one. The through Mail, 
 
 Express and Passenger train makes close connection with 
 trains arriving from the north. 
 
 THROUGH TICKETS 
 
 t To all points South and West can be procured at the ticket 
 
 office in Richmond. 
 
 T. M. E. TALOOTT, 
 
 Eng'r and Sup't. 
 
 JNO. R. MAOMUEDO, 
 
 Gen'l Frg't & Ticket Ag't. 
 
METROPOLITAN WORKS, 
 
 Canal St., from 6th to ^th Sts, 
 Office, No, no South Seventh Street, 
 
 stationary and PortaMe EnEines and Saw Mills, 
 
 F.ARK, GRIST & PLASTER MILLS, BOILERS, 
 
 FORGINGS, CASTINGS OF IRON OR 
 
 BRASS, MILL GEARING, AND 
 
 RAILROAD EQUIPMENTS 
 
 OF ALL KINDS. 
 
 ENGINES AND SAW MILLS of various sizes alwavs on !ian.l. 
 
 Steam Fitting and Wrought Iron Pipe. 
 
 lv^"01d Engines, Sec, repaired and sold on commis- 
 sion, or exchanged for new. All other repairs promptly 
 and satisfactorily done. 
 
 No LIVE farmer can afford to be withont one of our 
 efficient, improved Agricultural Engines, which have 
 twice taken First Premiums at the Great Georgia 
 Fairs at Macon ; also, at Atlanta, Columbus, Mont- 
 gomery, Ala., Charlotte and AVilmington, N. C, over 
 all competitors. 
 
 Freights to all points low. Send for descriptive circular. 
 
 WM.E. TANNER & CO. 
 
Real Estate Trust Company^ 
 
 No. 1014 M.AIN St., Richmond 
 
 AUTHORIZED CAPITAL, - - $200,000. 
 
 PAYS SEVEN PER CENT. ON DEPOSITS. 
 
 Offers its services to the public, and is prepared to 
 do business as a 
 
 SAVINGS BANK. 
 
 Sums of ONE DOLLAR and upwards received on 
 deposit, and SEVEN PER CENT, interest allowed 
 
 on same. 
 f 
 
 Offers undoubted security, as it invests its funds in 
 real estate securities. 
 
 To Capitalists seeking INVESTMENT, and Im- 
 l migrants wishing to buy REAL ESTATE this com- 
 ■ l»any offers great attractions. 
 
 A. Q. HOLLADAY, 
 
 PRESIDENT. 
 
 E. B. NE¥BUElN^ 
 
 SECRETARY. 
 
KENNEDY PALMER, 
 
 Wood Engraver^ 
 
 American Tract Society Bnilding, 
 
 (UP STAIRS.) 
 
 Main, between Ninth and Tenth Streets, 
 
 RICHMOND, VA. 
 
 JS^^Desigulng and Engraving promptly executed. ''^K 
 
 WALKS ABOUT RTOHMONr). 
 
 This is a description of the City of Richmond, Virginia, its 
 monuments, antiquities, and points of public interest. It is in 
 the form of a dialogue, in whieli the history of nianj^ eminent 
 men of Virginia is told in simple conversational tone, with 
 reference to the localities associated with incidents of the 
 American Revolution and the late civil war. There is also a 
 sketch and portrait of General Robert E. Lee, and an account 
 of his death, and the public ceremonies on the occasion. The 
 tone of the book is temperate, and all who take an interest in 
 the locality described, will find this a very agreeable descrip- 
 tion of it.— Philadelphia A«e. 
 
 The book is justwhat the name purports, and as we go through 
 its pages in company with Frank and his uncle, we visit all the 
 principal places of interest in the ("apital of the ( )ld Dominion. 
 Strangers visiting the city, could find no better guide-book, as 
 it contains an index of all places of note, with their exact lo- 
 cality. Four beautiful illustrations adorn this little volume, in 
 addition to a fine photograph of General Lee. — Religious 
 Herald. 
 
 It seems to contain every item of information that even the 
 most inquisitive of sight-seers would ask for, and it is imparted 
 in a series of charmingly natural conversations. — Richmond 
 Dispatch. 
 
 Beautifully bound in cloth, 176 pages, 18mo. The photograph 
 from life of Rooert E. Lee is worth the price of the book. 
 
 Mailed to any address post paid, for 75 cents. 
 
 McCarthy & ELLTSON, Publishers. Richmond, Va. 
 

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
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