<«i:- * ST 5^ % cr< ^ c <^ THE WORLD'S EULOGIES ON <^ ^B \ M^^^nH^Hra' ' V ^^IH^HilFim^ 'T^a^S^^S^ w fij^M^^L^^ '"-^^ \ ^ \ • rv, ^H l^s-^ jfcaJgt K f' w IBIk.. . 'WM Wk ' ==s^^:^l MS^^^^MmSim^t^i.' ' >Wl^H ^^H'::=^ ^^^^^^HHHniV' i^.iHiH 1^86=2=-^-,;===^:==^ ' i» ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^HtllV '--> . . /ivJJil^B^I Ih^^^s^ - ■ W y Hfe:: i^^?f7/!Iull'l!wS!RH^^^^^^^^^I ^K aSI^^^^I ^^^ Bl^' \'.'.'..;''...'.v«fsi^i^^^^^ BbSHH^^S^Ihe^? ^^ -X. • .^fc^--^^ ^^^L^-- ^«J* #> President Garfield B-^ REV. ISAAC ERRETT, EX-GOV. C. K. DAVIS PROF. SWING, RABBI LILIENTHAL DR. TALMAGE, JOHN G. WHITTIER, PRESIDENT HINSDALE, Lord Bishop of Montreal HON. J. H. RHODES. REV. T. K. NOBLE, HENRY WATTERSON, T. FREEMAN CLARKE, HENRY WARD BEECHER, JUDGE REA, ROBERT COLLYER, SENATOR VOORHEES, HON. EMERY A. STORRS, BISHOP CLARKSON, HON. R. M. MATHEWS, EX-GOV. OGLESBY, CHAS. T. BUCK, HON. ROGER A. PRYOR, AND MANY OTHERS. J": EDITED BY Is^coi_itj:e=le. CHICAGO: RHODES i::4J«^ GEN. JAMES A. GARFIELD. [Born Nov. 19, 1831-Died Sept. 19, 1881.] MRS. JA^IES A. GARFIELD. GEN. GARFIELD'S FORMER RESIDENCE AT HIRAM, OHIO. MARY. JAMES. IIAIIRY. IRWIN. GENERAL GAEFIELD'S CHILDREN. ABKAM THE WORLD'S EULOGIES ON PRESIDENT GARFIELD, — BIT — REV. ISAAC ERRETT, EX-GOV. C. K. DAVIS, PROF. SWING, RABBI LILIENTHAL, BR. TALMAGE, JOHN G. WHITTIER, PRESIDENT HINSDALE, LORD BISHOP OF MONTREAL, HON J. H. RHODES, REV. T. K. NOBLE, HENRY WATT^RSON, JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE, HENRY WARD BEECHER, JUDGE RE A, ROBERT COLLYER, SENATOR VORHEES, HON EMERY A. STORRS, BISHOP CLARKSON, HON. R. M. MATHEWS, EX-GOV. OGLESBY, CHAS. T. BUCK, HON. ROGER A. PRYOR, AND IVTANY OTHERS. EDITED BY J. B. MCCLURE. CHICAGO: RHODES & McCLURE, PUBLISHERS, 1881. Chicago Legal News Ccmpamv, CopvflioHT. Khodes & McClure, j . Stebeotypers a Printers. . M /Z t The reader will find in this volume some of the most eloquent and pathetic words that have ever fallen from the lips of man, called forth by the life and death of one whose career, from the cabin to the White House, forms the brightest pages in human history. Life's grandest lessons, its highest aspirations, holiest love, noblest ambition, man- ifold duties, patient labors and fullest rewards, are exhaust- ively portrayed, by orators the most eminent, as they gaze upon the colossal iigure. In this one single life the whole world seems beckoned to a higher oivilization. Says AVat- terson: "To-day, for the first time in fifty, aye, in sixty years, the people of the United States are one with one another, and stand hand in hand and heart to heart." " In the scenes of these few days," says Swing, " we must mark some signs of a more sensitive brotherhood;" and the elo- quent Storrs, in his eulogy, declares that " Never since we have been a people — indeed, since this world has had a his- tory — has there been a mourning so universal, a grief so (8) PREFACE. 9 deep and so profoandly sincere." And the basis of all is touchingly told in another eulogy, where a little child, see- ing the mourning emblems on every side in its native vil- lage, said, in all the sincerity of its heart: "Mamma, is there somebody dead in everybody's house to-day?" " No, dear," said the mother, " there is not some one dead in everybody's house to-day, but everybody has lost a friend." Tlie eulogies in this volume have been pronounced by the best orators of the day, upon one of the grandest themes of the age — a perfect man — which necessarily called forth the best possible effort. For eloquence, pathos and general instruction — so far as we may learn from the exam- ple of an upright man — they are as unparalleled in the his- tory of literature as is the great " Memorial Day," with its three hundred millions of sorrowing hearts, unparalleled in the history of human sympathy. J. B. McClurb. €hicaqo, Oct. 10, 1881. A GRAND LIFE AND ITS GREAT LESSONS. REV. ISAAC ERRETT, CINCINNATI. The Funeral Address at the Pavilion, in Cleveland — Time of unpar- alled Mourning — Why do we Mourn? — A Thrilling Incident — Virtue and its Rewards — A Rounded Life — The Great Lesson — Truth the Eternal Foundation— The Mother— The Wife— The Chndien — The Divine Benedictions, ....*. PAGE 17 A COLOSSAL FIGURE. PROF. SWING, CHICAGO. Human Greatness and Sorrow — Young Garfield and Liberty — Les- sons for the Young — Man's Dignity and Greatness — Signs of a Higher CivUization — Garfield's Religion— Garfield and Lincoln — The White Pages of History, . . . . . . .30 MIGHTIER DEAD THAN LIVING. DR. T. DE WITT TALMAGE, BROOKLYN. Sampson, the Hercules of Greece — Garfield's Remarkable Death — Shalcing Hands across the Palpitating Heart — Valuable Lessons for All — The Limits of Science and Sympathy — Mrs. Garfield's Heroism — Eloquent Peroration, 41 GARFIELD'S GREATNESS OF NATURE. PRESIDENT HINSDAIiE, HIRAM COLLEGE. An Unparalleled History — Garfield's Many-sidedness — Young Gar- field at Hiram — Garfield's Simplicity — Gai-field's Last Letter to President Hmsdale — The Noble Wife — A Mystery, 51 GARFIELD'S BEAUTIFUL LIFE. HON. J. H. RHODES, CLEVELAND. Garfield at Hiram — In the Class-room — How He Learned — Bom in the Right Age — Pleasing Incidents — Love of Poetry — Stopping the Carriage on the Old Bridge, ....... 58 (10) CONTENTS. 11 THE NATION'S FRIEND. HENRY WATTER80N, LOUISVILLE. PAGE Heart to Heart — Every Inch a Man — A Blow that Missed the State and Struck the Man — Watterson Loved Him — Personal Reminis- cences — We Stand on Common Ground — Saluting the Star-Span- gled Banner — " God Reigns and the Government Still Lives," . 63 ' THE CROWN OF MARTYRDOM. REN. HENRY WARD BEECHER, BROOKLYN. (In Peekskill.) A World in Mourning— Garfield's Birth-gifts— The Conflict Ended — Four Conspicuous Names, 69^ GARFIELD'S GREATNESS. BEV. HENEY WARD BEECHER, BROOKLYN. (In Brooklyn.) The Prayer — Shortness of Life — The Lion and the Lamb — The Fu- neral March — Comfort in Sorrow — Unity of Mankind — Instruc- tive Lessons — A Word on Guiteau — The Sorrowful Family Group, 73 COMFORT IN SORROW. ROBERT COLLYER, D.D., NEW YORK. The President is Dead — The Shining Portals — A Shadow over the Day — Hard to Submit to the Doom — Garfield's Love for his Coun- try and Family— Kissing his Mother — The Tokens of Sympathy — Waiting and Watching 80" OUR GOOD PRESIDENT. HON. EMERY A. 8TORR8, CHICAGO. Unparalleled Sorrow — Universal Brotherhood of Humanity — Garfield Made the Whole Circuit of American Life — A Record Pure and Spotless — The School-boy and the Teacher — The Preacher and the Soldier — Meeting Garfield During the Campaign — Meeting Him at Mentor — Anecdotes — Meeting Him at the White House — In- teresting Incidents — Garfield Without an Enemy — His Firmness —The Friend of All— Standing by the Open Grave— The Past is Secure — His Memory is Ours, 83- GARFIELD'S LIFE AND DEATH. HON. R. STOCKETT MATHEWS — BALTIMORE. Picturesque Phases in Garfield's Life— An Inspiration— A Hero— The Genius of Free Institutions— The Long Distance Between the Tow-path and the Executive Mansion— Twenty Years— The 12 CONTENTS. PAQI Coronation — Firing the Temple of Ephesus — James A. Garfield the Most Perfect Man of the Century— Meeting him Eighteen Years Ago in Monument Square — Meeting him a Few Days Before the Assassination — The Christian Politician — Christian Statesman — The Dying Hero, 97 IN MEMORIAM. CHARLES F. BUCK, ESQ. — NEW ORLEANS. A Bright Morning — A Great Nation — Garfield's Election — His In- auguration — His Martyrdom — A Review of his Life — Extract from Garfield's Speech to Restore Jefferson Davis to the Right of Citizenship — On the Greenback Question — His Personal Char- acteristics — His Domestic Life, 114 THE MAN OF HIS TIME. PHILLIPS BROOKS, D.D. — BOSTON. Days that Stand Apart in History— A Common Grief— A Half Cen- tury of Noble Life — Garfield in War— His Fidelity to the Right— Garfield a Philosopher — His Love for Literature — His Love for Jesus Christ— A Word to the Young, 127 A NATION MOURNS. EX-GOV. C. K. DAVIS — ST. PAUL. The Trappings of Woe — A Leading Statesman — A Pratical Man — A Noble Ambition — Garfield's Imagination — His Scholarship — An Incident in the Chicago Convention — The Duty of the Hour —The Three Martyred Presidents— The Halls of History— The Lesson we Must Learn to Live — Warning Words, . . . 138 GARFIELD'S DOMESTIC LIFE. REV. L. W. BRIGHAM — LA CUOSSE. Garfield's Home Life— His Good Mothei— Mrs. Garfield's Wifely Devotion — Scene at the Inauguration — Full Realization of a Mother's Hopes — Garfield's Tender Affection — His Remark on the Fatal Morning: "I Should Rather Die than that She Should Have a Relapse, " 141 A PICTURE. HON. JOHN H. CRAIG SAN FRANCISCO. Looking Across the Intervening Space — States Bowed in Reverence — The Eloquence of Grief — The Dearest Name in History — Look- CONTENTS. la PAGE ing at the Picture — A Glimpse at Garfield's Family Life — A Rep- resentative Man, . 145 GARFIELD'S LEGACY. RABBI LILIENTHAL — CINCINNATI. The Divine Poem— The Coffin-Pulpit— " God Reigns, and the Gov- ernment at Washington Still Lives " — American Aspiration and Success — Fortitude in Suffering, . . .... 149' THE TYPICAL AMERICAN. PROP. SHATTUCK — GREELEY. Garfield's Boyhood — On the Farm — Swinging the Ax — " I will go Through College " — Gai-field's Remaiks on Williams' Old Log Cabin and Mark Hopkins — His Kindness of Heart — Incidents lUustrathig the Greatness of the Man — His Moral Courage — Studying the Good of the Republic, 154 TRUE TO HIMSELF— FALSE TO NONE. HON. R. P. PETTIBONE — BURLINGTON. Garfield Followed his Convictions — What we Love him For — A Vis- ion of the Past — Garfield's Devotion to his Wife — Graphic Pic- ture of a Scene in the Chicago Convention —On the Bed of Suffering — The Nation his Memorial, . . . . . 160' THE HOUSEHOLD STORY. CHANCEY M. DEPEW — NEW YORK. The Wickedest Crime of the Centur}-— G;irfield the Highest Type of Manhood — His Life a Great Incentive to the Young — Salutary . Influence of Garfield's Death — The North and South Rise from Bended Knees to Embrace — The Queen, 166 A MAN FOR THE PEOPLE. REV. T. K. NOBLE — SAN FRANCISCO. An Army Chaplain to his Comrades— A Grand Life— Garfield 's Re- ligion — A Happy Home, 169' A LIFE THAT SHINES. JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE, D.D. — BOSTON. Garfield Side by Side with Washington and Lincoln — The World- wide Sorrow— Loyalty to the Government, .... 17& U CONTENTS. THE IMMORTAL NAME. . JtTDGE JOHN P. REA — MINNEAPOLIS. PAOK The Sad Requiem — A Tribute Laid Upon a Fresh-made Grave — Hu- man Love, • . . 180 THE ILLUSTRIOUS DEAD. SENATOR VOORHEE8 — INDIANA. Every Nation a Mourner — Meeting: Garfield on the Political Field — Personal Character — Intellectual Abilities — Incidents, . . 184 AN UNPARALLELED SPECTACLE. REV. G. H. WELLS — MONTREAL. We Share the Grief — Growing Intercourse — Garfield, the Boy — The Man — The President — Not Ashamed of his Religion — Domestic Life — Love for Mankind, 189 LESSONS FOR THE YOUNG. BISHOP CLARK80N — IOWA. Among all the Wonders of History this Hour Stands Alone — A Great Example — The Victor}' — Honest Manhood — Earth's Highest Civic Honors, 201 LINCOLN AND GARFIELD. EX-GO V. OGLESBY — ILLINOIS — (Delivered in Leadville, Col.) A Nation's Sorrow— Two Great and Good Men — Lincoln and Garfield — Both in the Affections of all Lovers of Liberty Throughout the World 205 GARFIELD, THE CHRISTIAN. REV. J. W. INGRAM— OMAHA. Influence of His Life — The Christian Statesman — At Home in Men- tor—His Faith— Example, . 212 THE FUNCTIONS OF GREAT MEN. REV. DR. RANKIN,' WASHINGTON. Garfield Grew into Greatness— His Power Never Degenerated— A Loving Heart 21t WHY WE MOURN. N. R. HARPER, ESQ., LOUISVILLE. How the Colored People in Louisville, Ky., Observed the " Memorial Day"— Garfield a Tried Friend, 221 CONTENTS. 15 WE ALL MOURN. CAPTAIN HENRY JACKSON, ATLANTA. ^AGK Twenty Tears Ago — Resolutions by the CcBur de Leon Commandery — Garfield a Knight Templar, ....... 225 THE PERFECT MAN. ELDER J. Z. TAYLOR, KANSAS CITY. Grandeur of a Great Life — From the Tow-path to the Presidential Chair — Garfield Never Missed from his Place of Worship in Washington — How he Sang "All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name," when leaving Mentor, 229 THE LAMENTED PRESIDENT. HON. ROGEK A. PRYOR, BROOKLYN. A Melancholy Pleasure — An Unclouded Promise — Tokens of ^ Union of Hearts 232 IN, LONDON. MINISTER Lowell's address in exeter hall. A Pai-adox — Womanly Devotedness — The Queen — The Death Scene Unexampled — Joseph and Garfield — Destiny of the American Republic, 233 PERSONAL TRIBUTES TO GEN. GARFIELD. John G. Whittier — Lord Bishop of Montreal— Dr. Franklin Noble — Dr. H. A. Edson— Gen. Sibley— Rev. J. P. Bo;lfish, . . .237 A PUPILSTRIBUTE. BY U. F. UDELL, ST. LOUIS. Interesting Incidents by one of Garfield's Scholars in Hiram College, 247 A WISE MAN. BY DR. 8PR0LE, DETROIT. Preliminary Statement — A Man Present who has Attended all the Funerals of the Presidents, including that of Washington — Duf- field's Poem 250 IN CONCLUSION. Garfield's Poem on Memory, 258 ^j^-"- y m^- jT iii^ T ^^'^'V'^'jr. ''■flQ^^^CP " Oh ! sir, there are times in the history of men and na- tions when they stand so near the veil that separates mor- tals and immortals, time from eternity, and men from their God, that they can almost hear the beating and feel the pulsations of the Infinite. Through such a time has this 2iation passed. When two hundred and fifty thousand brave spirits passed from the field of honor through that thin veil to the presence of God, and when at last its part- ing folds admitted that martyred President to the company of the dead heroes of the Republic, the Nation stood so near the veil that the whispers of God were heard by the children of men." — President Garfield, on the occasion of the assassination of his illustrious predecessor, Ahra}uiirh Lvncoln. (16) THE WORLD'S EULOGIES ON PRESIDENT GARFIELD. A GRAND LIFE AND ITS GREAT LESSONS. By Rev. ISAAC ERRETT, of Cincinnati. FUNERAL ADDRESS, DELIVERED AT THE PAVILION IN CLEVELAND, SEPTEMBER 26, 1881, IN THE "PRESENCE OF 250,000 PEOPLE. UNPAKALLELED MOURNING. This is a time of mourning that has no parallel in the history of the world. Death is constantly occurring, and every day and every hour, and almost every moment, some life expires, and somewhere there are broken hearts and desolate homes. But we have learned to accept the una- voidable, and we pause a moment and drop a tear, and away again to the excitement and ambitions, and forget it all. Sometimes a life is called for that plunges a large commu- nity in mourning, and sometimes whole nations mourn the loss of a king, or a wise statesman, or an eminent sage, or a great philosopher, or a philanthropist, or a martyr who 2 (17) 18 A GRAND LIFE has laid his life on the altar of truth, and won for himself an envious immortality amonoj the sons of men. But there was never a mourning in all the world like unto this mourn- ing. I am not speaking extravagantly wlien I say — for I am told it is the result of calculations carefully made from such data as are in possession — that certainly not less than 300,000,000 of the human race share inthe sadness, and lamentations, and sorrow, and mourning that belong to this occasion here to-day. It is a chill shadow of a fearful calamity that has extended itself into every home in all this land, and into every heart, and that has projected itself over vast seas and oceans into distant lands, and awakened the sincerestand profoundest sympathy with us in the hearts of the good people of the nations, and among all people. It is worth while, my friends, to pause a moment, and ask why this is? WHY DO WE MOURN? It is doubtless attributable in part to the wondrous tri- umphs of science and art within the present century, by means of which time and space have been so far conquered, that nations onoe far distant and necessarily alienated from each other, are brought into close communication, and the various ties of commerce, and of social interests, and of re- ligious interests bring them into a contactof fellowship that could not have been known in former times. It is likewise unquestionably partly due to the fact that this Kation of ours, which has grown to such wondrous might and power before the whole earth, and which is, in fact, the hope of the world in all that relates to the highest civilization, that sympathy for this Nation and respect for this great power leads to these offerings of condolence and expressions of sympathy and grief from the various nations of the earth, and because they have learned to respect this Nation, and recognize that the Nation is stricken in the fatal blow that has taken away our President from us. And AND ITS GREAT LESSONS. 19 jet this will by no means account for this marvelous and world-wide sympathy of which we are speaking. Yet it cannot be attributed to mere intellectual greatness, for there have been and there are other great men; and, ac- knowledofinof all that the most enthusiastic heart could claim to our beloved leader, it is but fair to say that there have been more eminent educators, there have beea greater soldiers, there have been more skillful, and experienced, and powerful legislators and leaders of mighty parties and political forces. There is no one department in which he has won eminence where the world might not point to others who attained higher and more intellectual greatness. It might not be considered more righteously here than in many other cases; yet, perhaps, it is rare in the history ot men and in the history of nations that any one man has combined so much of excellence in all those various de- partments, and who, as an educator, and a lawyer, and a legislator, and a soldier, and a party chieftain, and a ruler, has done so well, so thoroughly well, in all departments, and brought out such successful results as to inspire confi- dence and command respect and approval in every path of life in which he has walked, and in every department of public activity which he has occupied. Yet I think when we come to a proper estimate of his character and seek after the secret of their world-wide sympathy and affection, we shall find it rather in the rich- ness and integrity of his moral nature, and in that sincer- ity, in that transparent honesty, in that truthfulness that laid the basis for everything of greatness to which we do honor to-day, I may state here what perhaps is not gen- erally known as an illustration of this: A THRILLING INCIDENT — GARFIELD ENLISTING UNDER THE BANNER OF CHRIST. When J'uncs A, Garfield was yet a mere lad in thia 20 A GRAND LIFE county, a series of religious meetings were held in one of the towns of Cuyahoga County by a minister by no means attractive as an orator, possessing none of the graces of an orator, and marked only by the entire sincerity, by good reasoning powers, and by earnestness in seeking to win souls from sin to righteousness. The lad Garfield attended these meetings for several nights, and after listening night after night to the sermons, he went one day to the minister and said to him : " Sir, I have been listening to jonr preaching night after night, and I am fully persuaded that, if these things you say are true, it is the duty and the highest interest of every man, and especially of every young man, to accept that re- ligion and seek to be a man. But really I don't know whether this thing is true or not. I can't say I disbelieve it, but I dare not say that I fully and honestly believe it. If I were sure that it were true, I would most gladly give it my heart and my life." So, after a long talk, the min- ister preached that night on the text, " What is Truth?'* and proceeded to show that, notwithstanding all the various and conflicting theories and opinions in ethical science, and notwithstanding all the various and conflicting opinions in the world, there .was one assured and eternal alliance for every human soul in Christ Jesus, as to the way of the truth and the life that every soul of man was safe with Jesus Christ; that he never would mislead; that any young man giving Ilim his hand and heart and walking in his pathway would not go astray, and that whatever miglit be the solution of ten thousand insoluble mysteries, at the end of all things the man who loved Jesus Christ and walked after the footsteps of Jesus, and realized in spirit and life the pure morals and the sweet piety, that he to-night was safe, if safety there were in the universe of God ; safe, what- ever else were safe; safe, whatever else might prove un- worthy and perish forever. And Garfield seized upon it AND ITS GREAT LESSONS. 21 after due reflection, and came forward and gave his hand to the minister in pledge of acceptance of the guidance of Christ for his life, and turned back upon the sins of the world forever. The bo J is father to the man, and that pure honesty and integrity, and that fearless^spirit to inquire, and that brave surrender of all the cliarms of sin to conviction of duty and right, went with him from that boyhood throughout his life, and crowned him with the honors that were so cheer- fully awarded to him from all hearts over this vast land. . VIRTUE AND HER REWARDS. / There was another thing. He passed all the conditions of virtuous life, between the log cabin in Cuyahoga and the White House, and in that wonderful, rich and varied experience, still moving up from liigh to higher, he has touched every heart in all this land in some point or other, and he became the representative of all hearts and lives in this land, and not only the teacher but the interpreter of all virtues, for he knew their wants, and he knew their con- dition, and he established legitimately ties of brotherhood with every man with whom he came in contact. I take it that this law lying at the basis of his character, this rock on which his whole life rested, followed up by the perpetual and enduring industry that marked his whole career, made him at once the honest and the capable man who invited in sverv act of his life, and received the confidence and the love, the unbounded confidence and trust, of all who learned to know him. A ROUNDED LIFE. There is yet one other thing that' I ought to mention here. There was such an admirable harmony of all his powers; there was such a beautiful adjustment of the phy- sical, intellectual, and moral in his being; there was such 22 A GRAND LIFE an equitable distribution of physical, intellectual, and moral forces, that his nature looked out every way to get at sympathy with everything, and found about equal delight in all pursuits and studies; so that he became, through his industry - and honest ambition, really an encyclopedia. There was scarce any single word that you could touch to which he would not respond in a way that made you know tliat his hands had swept it skillfully long ago, and there was no topic you could bring before him, there was no ob- ject you could present to him, that you did not wonder at the richness and fullness of information somehow gathered; fo^his eyes were always open, and his heart was always open; and his brain was ever busy, and equally interested in everything — the minute and the vast, the high and the low. In all classes and professions of men he gathered up that immense store, and that immense variety of the most valnable and practical knowledge that made him a man, not in one department, but in all rounds, everywhere his whole beautiful and symmetrical life and cliaracter. But, my friends, the solemnity of this hour forbids any further investigation in that line, any further detail of a very re- markable life. For these details you are familiar with, or, if not, they will come before you through various chan- nels hereafter. THE GREAT LESSON. It is my duty, in the presence of tlie dead, and in view of all the solemnities that rest upon us now in a solemn burial service, to call your attention to the great lesson taught you, and by which we ought to become wiser, and purer, and better men. And I want to say, therefore, first of all, that there comes a voice from the dead to this entire nation, and not only to the people, but to those in places of trust — to our legislators and our governors, and our military men, and our leaders of parties, and all classes AND ITS GREAT LESSONS. 23 and creeds in the Union and in the States, as well as to those who dwell in the humblest life, qualified with the dio:nities and privileges of citizenship. The great lesson to which I desire to point you can be expressed in a few words. James A. Garfield went through his whole political life without surrendering for a moment his Christian integrity, his moral character, or Ms love for the spiritual. Coming into the exciting conflicts of political life with a nature capable as any of feeling the force of every temp- tation, with temptations to unholy ambition, with unlawful prizes within his reach, with every inducement to surrender all his religious faith and be known merely as a successful man of the world— from first to last, he has manfully ad- hered to his religious convictions and found more praise, and ^rathers to him in his death all the pure inspirations of the hope of everlasting life. I am very well aware of a feeling among political men, justly shared in all over the land by those who engage in political life, that a man cannot afford to be a politician and a Christian. That he must necessarily forego his duty to God, and be abandoned in different measures of policy that may be necessary to enable him to achieve the desired re- sult. Now, my friends, 1 call your attention to this grand life, as teaching a lesson altogether invaluable just at this point. I want you to look at that man. I want you to think of him in his early manhood. He was so openly com- mitted to Christ and the principles of the Christian religion that he was frequently found, among a people who allow large liberty, occupying a pulpit, and you are within a few miles of the spot where great congregations gathered, when he was as yet most a boy, just emerging into manhood, week after week, and hung upon the words that fell from his lips with admiration, wonder and enthusiasm. It was that when he was known to be occupying this position they in- 24 A GRAND LIFE vited him to become a candidate for the Ohio State Senate. It was with the full knowledge of all that belonged to him in his Christian faith and his efforts to lead a Christian life, that this was tendered to him; and without any resort to any dishonorable means l>e was elected, and served his State and began his legislative career. When the country was called to arms, when the Union -was in danger, and his great heart leaped with enthusiasm and was filled with holiest desire, and ambitious to render some service to his country, it required no surrender of the dignity and nobleness of his Christian life to secure to liim the honors that fell on him so thick and fast, and the suc- cesses that followed each other so rapidly as to luake him the wonder of the world, though he ventured upon that career wholly unacquainted witli military life, and could only win his way by tlie honesty of his purpose and the diligence and faithfulness with which he seized upon every opportunity to accomplish the work before him. Follow him from that time until he left the service in the field. The people of his district sent him to Congress, their hearts gathering about him without any effort on his part, and they kept him there as long as he would stay, and they would have kept him there yet if he had said so. He re- mained there until, by the voice of the people of this State, when there were other bright, and strong, and good names — men who were entitled to recognition and reward, and worthy every way to bear senatorial honors-^he was sent to the United States Senate. Yet there were such currents of admiration, and sympathy, and trust, and love, coming- in from all y)arts of the State, that the action of the Legis- lature at Columbus was but the echo of the popular voice when by acclamation they gave him that place, and every other candidate £:racefullv retired. And then, again, when he went to Chicago to serve the interests of another; when, 1 know, liis ambition was fully AND ITS GREAT LESSONS. 25 satisfied, and he had received that on which his heart was set, and looked with more than gladness for a path in life which he thought his entire education and culture had pre- pared him; when, wearied out with every eifort to com- mand a majority for any candidate, the hearts of that great convention turned on every side to James A. Garfield. In spite of himself and against every feeling, wish, and prayer of his own heart, this honor was crowded upon him; and the Kation responded with holy enthusiasm from one end of the land to the other; and in the same honorable way he was elected to the Chief Magistracy undei* circumstances which, however bitter the party conflict, caused all hearts of all parties not only to acquiesce, but to feel proud in the consciousness that we had a Chief Magistrate of whom they need not be ashamed before the world, and unto whom they could safely confide the destinies of this mighty Na- tion. TRUTH IS THE SURE AND ETERNAL FOUNDATION. Now, gentlemen, let me say to you all, those of you occupying great places of trust who are here to-day, and the mass of those who are called upon to discharge the respon- sibilities of citizenship, year by year, the most invaluable lesson that we learn from the life of our beloved, departed President is that not onlj' is it not incompatible with suc- cess, but it is the surest means of success, to consecrate heart and life to that which is true and right, and rise above all questions of mere policy, wedding the soul to truth and right, and the Grod of truth and righteousness in holy wed- lock, never to be dissolved. I feel, just at this point, that we need this lesson, in this great, wondrous land of ours, this mighty Nation, in its marvelous upward career, with its ever-increasing power, opening its arms to receive from all lands the people of all languages, all religions, and all conditions, and hoping, in 26 A GRAND LIFE the warm embrace of political brotherhood, to blend them with us, to melt them into a common mass, so that, when melted and run over again, it becomes like the Corintliian brass, and in one type of manhood, thus incorporating all the various nations of the eartli in one grand brotherhood, presenting before the nations of the world a spectacle of freedom, and strength, and prosperit}^, and power, beyond anythino; the world has ever known. But let me say that the permanency of the work and its continued enlargement must depend on our maintaining virtue as well as intelligence, and making dominant in all the land those principles of pure morality that Jesus Christ has taught us. Just as we cling to that we are safe, and just as we forget and depart from that we proceed toward dis- aster and ruin, and this, now when we see what has been accomplished in a mighty life like this, is an instance of the power of truth and right which spreads from heart to heart, and from life to life, and from State to State, and finally from nation to nation, until, these pure principles reigning everywhere, God shall realize his great purpose, so long ago expressed to us in the words of prophecy, that the kinocdoms of this world are become the Kino-doms of our God and of his Christ; so that, then, over the dead body of James A. Garfield may all the people join hands and swear by the Eternal God that they will dismiss all unworthy purposes, and love and worship only the true and the right, and in the inspiration of the grand principles that Jesus Christ has tann:ht, seeking to realize the wrand ends of the high civilization to which His word of truth and right continually point us. I cannot prolong my re- marks to any great extent. There are two or three things that I must say, however, before I close. There is a voice to the Church in this death tliat I cannot pause now to speak of particularly. AND ITS GEE AT LESSONS. 27 There is a tenderer and a more awful voice that speaks to the members ot' the family — to that sacred circle within which really his true life and character were better devel- oped and more perfectly known than anywhere else. What words can tell the weight of anguish that rests upon the hearts of those who so dearly loved him, shared with him the sweet sanctities of his home— the pure life, the gentle- ness, the kindness, and the manliness that pervaded all his actions, and made his home a charming one for its inmates, and for all that shared in his hospitalities. It is of all things the saddest and most grievous blow, that those bound to him by the tenderest ties in the home circle, are called to yield him to the grave, to hear that voice of love no more, to behold that manly form uo longer moving in the sacred circle of home, to receive no more the benefit of the loving hand of the father that rested upon the heads of his children, and commended the blessings of God upon them. THE MOTHKE. The dear old mother, who realizes here to-day that her four-score years are, after all, but labor and sorrow — to whom we owe — back of all I have spoken of, the education and training that made him what he was, and who has been led from that humble home in the wilderness, side by side with him in all his elevation, and assured him the triumph and the glory that came to him step by step, as he mounted up from high to higher, to receive the highest honors that the land could bestow upon him; left behind him, linger- ing on the shore where he has passed over to the other side^ what words can express the sympathy that is due to her, or the consolation that can strengthen her heart and give her courage to bear this bitter bereavement? THE WIFE. And the wife, who began with him in young womanood^ 28 A GRAND LIFE who has bravely kept step with him right along through all his wondrous career, and who has been not only his wife, but his friend and counselor through all their succession of prosperities and his increase of influence and power, and who, when the day of calamity came, was there, his minis- tering angel, his prophetess and his priestess, when the cir- cumstances were such as to forbid ministrations from other hands, speaking to him the words of cheer which sustained him through that long, fearful struggle for life, and watch- ing over him when his dying vision rested upon her beloved form, and sought from her eyes an insuring gaze that should speak when words could not speak. THE CHILDREN, And the children, that have grown up to a period when they can remember all that belonged to him, left fatherless in a world like this; yet, surrounded with a Nation's sym- pathy and with a world's affection, and able to treasure in their hearts its grand lessons of his noble and wondrous life, may be assured that the eyes of the Nation are upon them, and that the hearts of the people go out after them. "While there is much to support and encourage, it is still a sad thing, and calls for our deepest sympathy, that they have lost such a father, and are left to make their way through this rough world without his guiding hand or his wise counsels. But that which makes this terrible to them now is just that which, as the years go by, will make very sweet, and bright, and joyous memories to fill all the lips of the coming years. By the very loss which they deplore, and by all the loving actions that bound them in blessed sympathy in the home circle, they will live over again ten thousand times all the sweet life of the past, and, though dead, he will live with them, and though his tongue be dumb in the grave will speak anew to them ten thousand beautiful lessons of love, and righteousness, and truth. AND ITS GEE AT LESSONS. 29 THE DIVINE BENEDICTIONS. May God, in His infinite mercy, fold them in His arms and bless them as tliey need in this hour of darkness, and bear them safely through what remains of the troubles and sorrows of the pilgrimage unto the everlasting home, where there shall be no more death, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain, for the former things shall have forever passed away. "We commit you, beloved friends, to the arms and to the care of the everlasting Father who has promised to be the God of the widow and the father of the father- less, in His holy habitation, and whose sweet promise goes with us through all the dark and stormy paths of life: " I will never leave thee nor forsake thee." I have discharged now the solemn covenant trust reposed in me many years ago, in harmony with a friendship that has never known a cloud, a confidence thathas never trembled, and a love that has never changed. Fare thee well, my friend and brother; "Thou hast fought a good fight; thou hast finished thy course; thou hast kept the faith. Henceforth there is laid up for thee a crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the Righteous Judge, will give to thee on that day, and not unto thee only, but unto all them also who love His appear- ing." JAMES A. GARFIELD-A CITY SET ON A HILL. By Prof. Swing. Delivered in Music Hall, Chicago, Sept. 25, 1881. (Full report.) " A city set on a hill cannot be hid." Matt. 5:15. In that part of our earth which was made memorable by the presence of Jesus, many of the cities and towns were located upon the summit of a hill or mountain. The op- pressive temperature of the summer months, and military considerations, and also a sense of the beautiful, led those who were about to found a village or a city to seek not al- ways some river-bank or lake-shore, but some hill, or crag, or mountain. Nazareth, the town of Christ's early life, was on a height, and on one side there was a fearful preci- pice, down which the offended citizens threatened to throw Him who had rebuked their sins. The two mountains, Moriali and Sion, remind us that Jerusalem was seated upon lofty heights, and was a grand spectacle to the traveler who was journeying thither in its palmy days. The Tem- ple of Solomon, the palaces of the King and his court, with the walls and watch-towers, made up an impressive scene to all coming along the valleys of Kedron and Hin- nom, and fnlly justified the thought of Christ that "a city Bet on a hill cannot be hid." (30) A CITY SET ON A HILL. 31 The domain of Christ was spiritual; when He spoke of material things He had the spiritual qualities of our world in His mind. He wished that His disciples might possess virtues so great and so active that all society might behold and enjoy their righteousness and benevolence. The ages had been full of diminutive persons who lived only for self and for all small results— persons like to lighted candles placed under a bushel. It was time other forms of soul should appear; time for the world to have minds and hearts that should be as large and visible as cities upon mountains. Soon after the great Palestine Teacher had uttered His wish and had given the nations a specimen of a soul too large and too lofty to be concealed, the dream began to find fulfillment in many of the departments of human life. Thought and sentiment began to be enlarged, history began to record greater actions and to receive into its storehouse greater biographies. There came along in the living tide men whose heads rose above the multitude like the tall cliff which " midway leaves the storm." HUMAN GREA-TNESS AND SORROW. Our Nation mourns to-day the loss of one too lofty to be concealed. All the grades of society, looking up from the door of cottage or palace, see this outline of a scholar, and statesman, and soldier, and President, and all mourn that the image is no longer to be seen in life, but only in death's pallor. The spectacle is made unusual, not only by the merit of the dead man, but also by the savage cruelty of the wound that robbed this citizen of his existence. The eighty days of physical and mental suffering, of alternate hope and fear, days which reduced a powerful man to the powers of only an infant, add their awful part toward placing this name fully before the civilized portion of the world. Made conspicuous by his character and works, Mr. Garfield be- comes conspicuous by his misfortune. Thus this figure 32 JAMES A. GARFIELD; stands as upon a hill, and it will require centuries full of men and of events to hide its colossal outline from the gaze of mankind. Man is drawn toward the pathetic. What touches his heart, touches also his memory. Pity often makes up a large element in love. Had Mr. Garlield died of disease or by the limitation of nature, he would have been a large subject of study, but millions will read his biography in coming years because it ends in the awful cloud of trag- edy. "What do we witness to-day, and what will those behold who shall in future times run over the black and white page in history — black with misfortune, white in vir- tue? It must come to us as a peculiar fact that two of the greatest of American names are now made more sacred by the sadness of their deaths. As though the overruling Providence desired that the young men of this era and of future times should study deeply the lives of Garfield and Lincoln, their deaths were made tragic to allure the student toward their chapters in the annals of society. YOUNG GAKFIELD AND LIBERTY. Looking at this man," not easy to be hidden, we sec the ability of our country to produce a high order of manhood. That liberty which in name has been tl^e ideal condition of all ages, here verifies all the qld hopes and produces a sym- metrical character strong on every side. AVhen a lad, this Garfield enjoyed the free play of all his intellectual and emotional faculties. He was free to move toward books, and profession, and wisdom. All the gates to success would open to him as they had opened to a Webster or a Clay. He was not imprisoned by birth nor by caste. The path to law or statesmanship was as free to him as the path along the canal, and out of this freedom of a continent came an ambition of great power. Often when distinguished visit- ors appear in London they are given the freedom of the city in a gold box — an elegant letter, before which the doors A CITY SET ON A HILL. 33 of galleries, and libraries, and parliaments, and cathedrals fly open. , , ■ To this yonth, poor and unknown, the Nation gave the freedom of the whole circle of human acquisition, from the study of Greek to a place in the army ; from the hall ot the law-maker to the chair of a President; and his ambition and energy were inspired by the generous offer. Freedom does not confer merit, but it affords an opportunity, and even allures the heart along by its possible rewards. It creates a landscape which charms the eye of each one pet- ting out upon the journey of life. Despotism offers a des- ert to all the humble of birth. If poor and of low parent- age, the mind sees only an arid plain, without tree or blos- som, but the liberty and equality of this land make it op- tional with the traveler whether the plain he is to pass over shall be a desert or a magnificent garden. All is left to personal taste, and industry and will. And this taste, and industry, and personal power, are developed by the many, and <^reat rewards offered to their growth. Mr. Garfield is one more witness in this great spiritual trial, and his testi- mony is direct, that the liberty of America is the greatest opportunity ever offered to man as man. Elsewhere re- wards are offered to the few; here all are invited to the best feast of earth. LESSONS FOR THE YOUNd^. In this eminent man the youth of to-day may learn that early poverty and hardships, instead of breaking the heart, need only sober the judgment and compel that common sense to come early and richly, which to the children of luxury comes scantily and comes late, if ever it finds a dawn" We can now look back and perceive that the hard- ships in the youth of him who died as a President was onlv a condition of things which made all the philosophy which came to the young man assume a practical t