HA Wi RTFORD n Cpic $oem By iiam Colegrove 'lass JESl Copyright N° Mb 5 COPYRIGHT KKI'OSIT. HARTFORD An Epic Poem BY WILLIAM COLEGROVE 11 »*»«• « BOSTON RICHARD G. BADGER The Gorham Press 1905 Copyright igo.q by William Colegrove All Rights Reserved A LIBRARY of CONGRESS Two Copies Received JAM 3 1906 Copyrlfht Entry LASS eft, XXC. No, I 3 4 / * Printed at THE GORHAM PRESS Boston, U. S. A BOOK I. Arms and the men I sing who erst to Connecticut land came, Founding a Puritan Colony there by the River at Hart- ford ; — Men of intelligence chiefly, and men of integrity also, — Men whose Religion was certainly not a mere shallow profession, But was the constantly active incentive, the root and the mainspring Of their demeanor and customs, their enterprise, and of their life-work. Lovers of Liberty and the advantages of it by nature, Yet their endeavors were mainly to gain that Freedom of Worship Which was denied them where they were born and had sported in childhood. Much they had suffered in Albion land for the free- dom of Conscience, — Scourged, and imprisoned, and fined, and committed to murderous hot flames, — Scorned, and pursued with implacable hatred, they bore it a long time ; Then, in despair of obtaining the rights they had earn- estly sought there, They had sojourned in the Netherlands, waiting and hoping for some change Making it possible they should return to that beautiful England Where they were born, and for which in their tedious and pitiful exile Always they yearned with a warmth and a tenderness not to be set forth Fairly and fully with adequate strength and perfection of language. (3) 4 HARTFORD Driven at length to abandon all hopes of their ever returning, They had resolved to attempt to pass over the perilous Ocean, And to create for themselves in American wilds a new England Where they might worship in freedom and safety the God of their Fathers. Great tribulations they suffered ; and perils unnum- bered pursued them; But they were over the ocean at last, and had built for themselves homes. Humble, but precious and cheerful, at Plymouth, and Salem, and Boston. Others arrived ; and the Settlements grew with a vigor surprising. Boston at length was o'ercrowded, — embarrassed al- ready with numbers, — So that a part of the people selected another location Where there was room for all comers, and christened the settlement Newtown. Over the Church that was formed in the Colony there we behold now Hooker, the servant of God, and the faithful instructor of young men. England the home of his earlier days, and his native place Marfield, — Holland the scene of his labor in years of his weari- some exile ; — Then with his people to Boston he came, and sojourned for a time there Ere they determined to form a new settlement over the river. He was a man of intelligence, prudence, and skill in devising Measures to benefit every class of his friends and his neighbors. HARTFORD 5 Many the books that he wrote ; and great was the fame of his genius. Easily chief of the heroes, and first in the number of great men Counted as leaders and heads of the people who founded the new State, Yet he came not as a Conqueror, nor an invader of men's rights, — Not with belligerent squadrons marshalled for pillage and plunder, — Not with the roaring of cannon, nor gleaming and flash- ing of broad-swords, — Not with destroying chariots, nor with the prancing of horses Trained for the battle, and carrying warriors clad in thick armor, — Not with the rattling of drums, nor screams of the piercing and shrill fife, — Not with the eagles of conquest, nor with the banners of red war, But with equipments for enterprise higher, and nobler, and grander. Wielding the weapons of reason and logic, he battled for great truths ; Wielding the Scriptures in wisdom, he battled for jus- tice and right ways ; Panoplied well in the armor of righteousness, all his endeavors Were for the good of his people, and building up beau- tiful Zion. "Light of the Churches" the title of honor that good people gave him ; Gentle of spirit, and tolerant of the opinions of others, Charity crowned the bright pyramid formed of his graces and virtues. Kindred in spirit with Hooker, and sharing his la- bors as Colleague, < 6 HARTFORD Stone, without contest, was nearly his equal in work sacerdotal, — Highly esteemed for his gifts, and his patience, and wonderful meekness, Much he encouraged, and strengthened, and helped his friends and companions. England the place of his birth, and the place of his studious young days, — England beloved and lamented, deserted at last with great sorrow. Thomas and Samuel nurtured their flock in com- mendable union, — Not undermining, but each one esteeming the other more worthy; — Bravely they labored in harmony, sowing the seed of the Gospel, — Patiently waiting and watching, enduring privations and hardships. Grateful for mercies already obtained, yet Hooker perceived still Many conditions adverse to their temporal progress and welfare. Sterile the soil there; scanty the harvests rewarding their labors ; — Rumors had come of a beautiful Valley more fertile far inland ; — Not satisfactory were the surroundings in matters of conscience ; — Nearer together the Colonies were than would policy place them, If it were meant to allow them fair room for their fu- ture expansion ; — New comers also were ready to purchase their houses for money; — Chiefs in Connecticut Valley invited the English to come there ; — Providence seemed to be urging them on in a manner peculiar ; — HARTFORD 7 Hence they determined to make a most earnest united endeavor, Crossing the wilderness rough intervening with all their possessions, Thus to gain lands more desirable, and a more excellent freedom, Founding upon the great River a little Connecticut New-town. Prior to this, at the earnest request and advice of a Sachem, Governor Winslow and others from Plymouth, explor- ing the country, Visiting ever)' part of the fertile and beautiful Valley, Found it inviting, and offering many inducements to settlers ; Hence they determined a Colony soon to dispatch to that region. News of the movement conveyed to the Dutch at the Island Manhattan Caused them to plan a bold scheme of obstruction, and seize the great River. Quickly they sent and constructed a Fort on the River at Dutch Point, — Hoping that thus they might baffle the plan of the Eng- lish at Plymouth. Vain their hope ; for bold Holmes, the Commander, in spite of their threatening, Passed them with scorning, and landed his men and his cargo at Windsor. There they established a Trading House ample, and made it a strong-hold ; — People from Boston soon came to their aid ; and anoth- er contingent Planted themselves at the Wethersfield meadows below the Dutch fortress. Then the redoubtable Governor, Wouter Van Twiller the smoker, 8 HARTFORD Calling a Council of War in his Castle on Island Man- hattan, Quickly related with eloquence rare in the stops of his smoking, English aggressions in seizing the banks of Connecti- cut River, — Threatening vengeance, and vowing that shortly by force he would drive them Out of his realms, and recover the lands they had craft- ily stolen. "Early to-morrow the Army," said he, "shall set out on its long march ; — Seventy men must be ready ; and Captain Van Dunder shall lead them." Then he dismissed the assembly of valiant and won- dering warriors, — Summoned Van Dunder, and ordered him straightly to march in the morning. Captain Van Dunder, obeying the order, had marched "in the morning" After a month had been spent in obtaining the men and their rations, — And in the course of a week had proceeded as far as the old Fort Standing in loneliness there on the bank of the River at Dutch Point. Having recruited the strength of the forces with beer and with slumber, "Onward and upward" beside the smooth current he carefully led them Till he discovered the threatening walls of the For- tress at Windsor. Now reconnoit'ring with care the position, and find- ing it stronger Far than he thought, and perceiving the rashness of any endeavor Forcible entrance there to secure, he halted his Army. HARTFORD 9 Then he addressed with commendable prudence the soldiers he led there : "Not to attack such a Castle as that have we come all the way through Forests and marshes and waste lands, and waters our progress opposing." Sending a Flag then he said to the waiting and vigilant English "Wouter Van Twiller requests and commands you quickly to leave these Regions included within the domain which he rightfully governs." Waiting no answer, he thereupon turned and de- parted in great haste, Marching with vigor, nor stopping for eating or sleep- ing till dark night Covered the land, and removed from his vision the way he must follow ; — Then with reluctance permitted the men to repose on the bare ground, — Making repast upon what they could find that would satisfy hunger. Rousing them up when first day-light appeared, he went rapidly onward, Marching with vigor, nor stopping for eating or rest- ing till high noon ; — Then with reluctance permitting the men to repose for a short time, Hastily eating whatever they'd gathered to mollify hun- ger, "Forward" he ordered, and forward proceeded with resolute quick-step, Marching with vigor, nor stopping for eating or rest- ing till night-fall Brought him, all covered with glory, again to the Island Manhattan, Where he related his wonderful deeds while he smoked with composure, io HARTFORD Making - Report to the Governor, Wouter Van Twiller, the smoker. Afterwards Winthrop the younger from England ar- rived with Commission Straight to erect a stout Fort at the mouth of Connecti- cut River. This he constructed, and, doing so, founded the Colony Saybrook. Scarcely complete was this Fortress commanding the mouth of the River When a Dutch vessel with men and provisions at- tempted to enter. Finding their enterprise thwarted and baffled, they sul- lenly turned back, Leaving the beautiful region above in control of the English ; Yet many years was the Fortress maintained on the River at Dutch Point. Hooker and Stone and their People, a hundred, at Colony New-town, Gathering wagons and carts and provisions, and cattle, a great herd, — Gathering implements needed by farmers, and poultry, and seed-grain, — Selling their houses and lands, and whatever was heavy and cumbrous, — Choosing the beautiful time in the flowery June for their journey, — Earnestly seeking the blessing of God in their work for his glory, — Strong in faith that their prayers will be heard, and that Heaven will guide them, — Bidding adieu to the friends who remain in the place they are leaving, — Start on the route, but encamp just a little way out of the village. Here they examined their wagons and carts and the yokes of their oxen, — HARTFORD n Implements also with which they were furnished for trades and for farming, — Stocks of provisions, and medicines too, which were needful to carry, — Wearing apparel for Church and for labor, and shoes for the winter, — Arms for defense, which were also the implements needful for hunting, Seeking to find whether all were in proper condition for service, — Whether in starting had any one matters important for- gotten. Here too they interchanged final adieus with their friends and their neighbors Who had delayed to present them their earnest and last consolations, — Wishing them health and success in their dubious peril- ous journey ; — None of them making, however, professions of friend- ship more earnest, Bidding "God speed" to the Pastor, than Cotton, the Pastor of Boston. Some were disposed to insinuate broadly that Cotton was joyful Seeing his rival depart to more distant and desolate re- gions ; — Also that Hooker was glad to escape from the eye of a censor. These were gratuitous guesses of those without posi- tive knowledge. Prudent, they carefully settled the method and order of marching: First went pioneer men with their axes and shovels and crow-bars, Also with three or four muskets, with suitable powder and lead-balls, — Finding or making a way through forests and marshes and rough hills, — 12 HARTFORD Rounding the Lakes, and fording or bridging the num- erous Rivers, — Having no guides, but taking direction by compass, like sailors, — Shooting whatever occasional game they happened to meet with, — Marking the places where water and fuel and grass were abundant, Fitting them well for the purpose of transient and peaceful encampment. Next were the cows and their drivers, — mostly young boys with ambition Thus to display their ability and their incipient man- hood. Oxen too went with the herd, which were held as a prudent reserve for Cases of any disaster to those in the regular service. After these followed the carts and the wagons, right heavily loaded, Carrying all the provisions, and seeds, and the many utensils, — Carrying furniture, scanty but wisely selected and precious, — Carrying women and children, and feeble and invalid old men, — Each of them drawn by a team of four heavy and tract- able oxen, — All of them driven by men in the vigorous prime of their man-hood, — Driven with patience and skill and the wisdom of vet- eran sages. After the wagons was borne in a litter the wife of the Pastor, Feeble and languishing, but with a cheerfulness due to her strong hope Calming the fears and inciting the confidence of her companions. HARTFORD 13 Chiefs were appointed with power to command, should emergencies need them, Over each part of the boldly adventurous column of ex- iles. Every man had his work and position with prudence assigned him, Making his services always conduce to the general wel- fare. Over the whole expedition was placed, as a General commanding, Hooker, the faithful and active and vigilant pastor and teacher. All the arrangements for marching at last were com- pletely accomplished ; And on the morrow at sun-rise all were assembled for worship There in the circular area bounded by carts and by wagons, Promptly obeying the vigorous call of the summoning conch-shell. Brief was the service ; the breakfast was eaten ; the or- der was given Quickly to form the long column in specified order for moving, — Then at the signal go forward in hope of Jehovah's pro- tection. Forward they went ; and soon they were moving through "forest primeval" Where were the "murmuring pines and the hemlocks" making, as always, Music unique and sublime and impressive, but Only the sub-base Grand in that wonderful Chorus praising the Lord for his goodness Which on that morning resounded, and strengthened the hearts of the Pilgrims. Loud was the song of the Robin ; and sweet was the warble of Blue-bird ; i 4 HARTFORD Mellowest flutings of Black-birds were filling the forest with gladness ; Masterly Thrush from his perch on the sassafras trees was excelling All his companions in melody varied and lively and charming ; Bobolink warbled, and reveled in wealth of his musical diamonds ; Plain little Sparrow astonished and charmed by his vo- cal rejoicing; Sweetly the notes of the Crow and the Jay in the har- mony blended ; Voices of Squirrels exulting in freedom were happily tuneful ; Even the frogs in the marshes took part in the joy and the love-songs ; And of these minstrels so lively, all lovely with Na- ture's adorning, Not the sounds only, but colors were part of the music inspiring. Honored its Maker the scarlet delight of the Tana- ger's plumage ; Aiding his song too the flames of the Oriole's glory were flashing ; Waking the echoes, the chorister, Grackle, was proud in his purple ; Duck-of-the-Wood with his beauty enlivened the rivers and lakelets ; Cardinal-bird in his cap and his mantle of redness was shining ; Lark-of-the-Meadow too added his quota of musical beauty ; Yellow-bird glorified also the crown of the blossoming thistle ; Wake-up was bright with his colors both many and lovely commingled : Indigo-bird in his luster of blueness was clearly unriv- aled; HARTFORD 15 Humming-birds too with all tints of the rain-bow were flitting in sun-shine. Slowly but cheerfully moved the train of the jubilant Pilgrims ; Catching sometimes inspiration from songs of the wild- erness warblers, Loudly they sang as they went, and rejoiced in the praise of Jehovah. Onward they went in the shade of the old trees giving protection, Or in the openings wide were exposed to the force of the sun-beams ; — Fording the streams or else using extemporized dan- gerous bridges, — Braving the sands of the uplands, — braving the mud of the valleys, — Crossing the marshes on corduroy roads which tested their patience ; — Thus they proceeded, but halted for dinner an hour before mid-day. Taking three hours for their eating and resting and feeding their cattle, Onward they moved in their resolute patience till six in the evening. Finding a suitable place for the night, as in yesterday's camping, Making a circle of wagons, and placing a Tent at the center, There they assembled for service of prayer, for song and for sermon ; — Afterwards, sentinels posted, they soon were reposing in slumber. Peaceful the night ; and the light of the Moon in her fullness and glory, Helped by the magical sound of the Whip-poor-Will's note, was entrancing. Rested, and fit for another day's work, they arose in the morning. 16 HARTFORD Early the people were moving, many beholding the sun- rise; Filled was the area; joyful, earnest, and solemn the worship ; Then soon spread was the table ; and frugal the meal of the morning. Forward the Emigrant wagons went straightway over the wild waste, Setting example which myriads of others have carefully followed ; Bright was the day ; and the march was at intervals pleasantly varied. Beautiful wild-flowers sometimes gilded and gladdened the landscape ; Valleys refreshed by streams oft tempted the Pilgrims to linger ; But their time was too precious to waste in luxurious long rests. Scarcely the pioneers onward had started with vigi- lant caution When they perceived with surprise in a thicket directly before them, Browsing at leisure, some half dozen forms of indigen- ous red-deer, — Seeming almost as if sent by the special command of Jehovah For the support of his People in making their wilder- ness journey. Three of them fell by the shots of the hunters, and fur- nished the table. Noon-tide resting afforded the requisite time for the cooking ; Bountiful feast then satisfied those who were weary and hungry. Rested, hopeful, and grateful, promptly they start at the signal ; Afternoon journey was made with success through country more open, HARTFORD 17 Level, and free from obstructions than what they had previously traversed ; And, much elated, they came to the place of the even- ing encampment; But a surprise came suddenly then, and disturbed their composure. One of the Scouts from the front came in haste to relate his adventure, And to receive from those in authority further instruc- tions. During - the day a black bear had appeared in advance of the hunters ; And they had followed him briskly in hopes of obtain- ing a further Means of supplying the wants of the people while mak- ing their hard march. Several miles they had followed the game when they came upon high ground, Whence looking forward, they saw with alarm at some distance beyond them Columns of smoke rising upward as if from some town or encampment. Leaving the wild beast then to himself, they had cau- tiously crept through Swamp and forest till, reaching the top of a hill further onward, They could plainly perceive in the valley a camp of the Indians. Some indications they saw that those campers were probably Pequods, Hostile and dangerous foes to the Colonies founded by white men. Quickly and silently then they withdrew to their pio- neer station, Sending this comrade back to report the bad news to the Elders. Soon were assembled in council the dignified band of the chief men, 18 HARTFORD Hearing the facts and devising a plan in their eminent prudence Which should avert in this perilous crisis the threaten- ing danger. Various plans were proposed and discussed ; but at length it seemed wisest Urgent request for assistance to send to their neighbors at Boston. One of the young men soon was selected to carry the message Written with care, and signed by each man of the Gov- erning Council. Vigorous, faithful, and true, and discrete was this messenger reckoned ; — None more trusted than Theodore Worthington went with the concourse. Taking the letter prepared by the Council, and wait- ing for nothing, Cheerful, he started alone to accomplish his perilous mission. When he was quite out of sight, then the meal of the evening was taken; Manifold duties pertaining to camp were neglected no longer ; Due preparation was made for the Sabbath beginning at sun-down. Ere the first star in the twilight appeared, they as- sembled for worship, — Praising the Lord for his goodness, and mingling their prayers for protection, Craving God's blessing to rest on the messenger lately departed, — Asking for wisdom and grace from above to assist their endeavors, — Praying for strength to resist in the perilous hour of temptation. Words of encouragement happily fell from the lips of the Elders; HARTFORD 19 Strong in their faith, they were edified much by the words of the Bible. Then were they able in calmness to rest through the hours of the dark night, — Rising, refreshed, ere the sun in the east reappeared in his glory. Works of necessity done, — catechetical questioning over, — All were assembled in due time — seated in regular or- der, — Ready to hear the instruction, adapted expressly to that time, Which they expected, not vainly, from Hooker, the vig- ilant Pastor. Rev'rently offered at first was a fervent, but short, invocation While the good people were standing in attitude fit for devotion ; Then came a Lesson, impressive and grand, from the writings of Moses, Showing the dealings of God with his People while crossing the Red-sea. Solemnly then with impressive and tuneful accord rose the voices, Many and strong, of that earnest and warmly devout congregation Singing a Psalm of David, the King and the Prophet of Israel. Prominent there were the voices of two of the beau- tiful maidens, Abigail Sumner the elder, — the younger one Talitha Mansfield. Abigail's brother, too, Lemuel, rivaled his sister in singing ; — Friend and companion was he to Worthington lately departed. After the singing the prayer of the Pastor was long and impassioned, — 20 HARTFORD Pleading for grace and direction, pleading for wisdom and patience, — Pleading for blessings adapted to all the needs of the people. Then tuned the singers another, — that wonderful psalm of the Prophet, Saying "The Lord is my rock and my fortress," "my horn of salvation." Afterwards followed the sermon by Hooker, the won- derful preacher. Equal to all the demands of the hour, he spoke warm- ly and wisely, — Giving advice and encouragement such as was most of all needed ; Raising the hopes and allaying the fears of the weak and despairing, — Urging to prudence and caution and patience the stronger and bolder, — Warmly exhorting to trust in the Lord in performance of duty, — Making the forest resound with the tones of his elo- quent thunder; — Bravely he grappled, and solved with success, the great problem before him. After the Sermon, and singing again, came the long benediction. Viands prepared ere the Sabbath began served the people for dinner; Then one hour was devoted to rest and to grave conver- sation ; — Speaking of what seemed weighty and wise in the words of the Pastor ; — Asking with unfeigned kindness whether the sick were improving, — Querying whether the teams would proceed on their way in the morning Or would wait till the messenger sent should return with assistance, — HARTFORD 21 What should be done, should his efforts at last be found unavailing. Sound of the conch-shell signalled the time of the afternoon service ; Promptly again were the worshipers ranged in the or- der assigned them, — Stone, the wise Teacher, taking his turn in the labor of preaching. Seeking to call the minds of his hearers away from this earth-life, Brightly he painted the scenes of the promised heavenly glory, — Pleasures enduring, — so greatly transcending all happi- ness mundane As to preclude all reason for halting in choosing be- tween them. Long were the services, — more than would now meet with ready approval ; — Great the endurance our fathers displayed in their Sab- bath-day "resting"! Soon disappearing the sun in the west, and thick darkness approaching, Sentinels posted, and Camp made secure from surprise in the night-time, Council of Elders convened to decide upon plans for the morrow. Rain would probably come before morning, hind'ring their progress ; — Worthington could not possibly make his return before Tuesday ; — Possible news from the front might indicate danger in moving ; — Better conditions than usual favored their present en- campment ; — All were agreed that 'twas best, at least for a day, to remain there. Trusting and hopeful, they went to their rest ; and quiet their slumbers. 22 HARTFORD Copious rain fell during the night ; and dark was the morning ; But there came from the front a messenger bringing good tidings ; Hunters again had approached the place of the Indian Lodges, And had perceived that the warriors there were already in motion, Moving to southward, carrying game they had taken in hunting, Burning their huts, thus making it evident they were departing. Great the rejoicing these tidings produced in the camp of the white-men ; Gathered again was the Council of Elders, elated and gladsome, ■ Ready to act as God in his Providence seemed to be leading. No reinforcements now were required ; and all of them thought best Straight to withdraw the request they had sent to their brethren in Boston. Lemuel Sumner soon was selected to carry the mes- sage ; And before evening he had departed with joyful assur- ance. Darkness of morning was followed by brightness and glory at evening ; Eastward, adorning the sky, was the arch of the beau- tiful rain-bow ; Westward the sun unobscured shone brilliant and fair at his setting ; All in the camp were rejoicing except the two radiant maidens, Intimate friends thev, Abigail Sumner and Talitha Mansfield. Talitha, early in childhood afflicted, bereft of her par- ents, HARTFORD 23 Found an asylum and fostering- care in the house of the Sumners ; And in the bliss of a faithful affection she lived with her true friend. Rumor was rife that Worthington had for this Tali- tha Mansfield More than the common regard of a neighborly casual friendship ; Hence it was thought that her evident grief at the time of his absence Clearly betokened the fact of reciprocal tender emo- tions. Abigail Sumner felt anxious of course for the fate of her brother Going alone in the dark through the wilderness dismal and howling, Traversed by bears and by panthers and wolves, and in- fested by Indians. Readily, then, could the maidens sympathize each with the other ; And, from the wagons a little retired, they mingled their weeping. Nothing requiring delay, on the morrow the Emi- grants journeyed ; But they proceeded with moderate speed, and with cir- cumspect caution. Making a limited progress, and camping again before night-fall. Here was herbage enough, and water for men and for cattle ; But there was scarcely a thing to be found for the pur- pose of fuel. Hence in the morning they started again without wait- ing for breakfast, — Finding ere long an abundance of wood and of water and forage. Here they remained till the after-noon sun was already descending ; 24 HARTFORD Then, going forward, they came to the station selected for night-camp, And had made for the day an advance of only a few miles. When all affairs of the Camp were arranged, and when supper was over, Signal was given for meeting for usual prayer at the center ; And with alacrity came all the worshiping people to- gether. Praises were mingled with prayers ; and comforting words were there spoken ; Fervent petitions were specially offered for messengers absent, And for their speedy return to their friends who were anxiously waiting. Cordial greetings and mutual blessings came after the service, Showing the warmth of the brotherly love that united the people ; Then to their rest for the night they retired, and were buried in slumber. Brightly the morning had dawned ; and the pilgrims with confidence cheerful Made themselves ready for marching, but tarried a lit- tle for breakfast, And were yet at the table when into their presence came Sumner, Wearied, and haggard, and pale, and looking especially anxious. "Why do you thus come alone? and what are the tidings you bring us? Why is your countenance sad ? and why is Worthington not here?" Such were the queries that met him at once as he stood in confusion Looking around as if seeking for some one not present before him. HARTFORD 25 "Has not, then, Worthington come?" said the mes- senger, visibly trembling ; "If he has not yet arrived, I can tell you no cause for his absence. Possibly yet he will come pretty soon, and explain all his movements ; — Now let the Council assemble ; and I will report my proceedings." Soon were assembled apart all the members compos- ing the Council. Eager to hear the Report, but embarrassed with grave apprehensions. Sumner then told them his story in order with careful minuteness. Starting on Monday, he journeyed till Tuesday late in the evening, — Finding 'in Boston that Worthington had his men ready for marching. Having delivered his message, the men were dismissed with great pleasure ; And 'twas arranged to return to the Camp on the fol- lowing morning. Sumner remained over night with a former acquaint- ance in Boston, Worthington going to stay with a friend of his living at Newtown. Standing a half-mile out of this Town on the route of the pilgrims, Forming a prominent land-mark, stood a magnificent Oak-tree. Here the two men had agreed to meet in the morning at sun-rise ; — Sumner was there at the time ; but Worthington made no appearance. Waiting a little, and thinking his friend by some chance was o'ersleeping, Sumner went back to inquire at the house of his lodg- ing at Newtown, 26 HARTFORD And was assured that Worthington promptly had started in due time, Saying that he was to keep his appointment strictly at sun-rise. Hearing this, Sumner returned to the Tree, where he waited a long time, Thinking the other had strayed from the path in the fog of the morning, And would come to the Tree after wand'ring a while in the forest ; Possibly though, should he come quite late to the road further onward, He would proceed to the Camp without waiting to find his companion. Reasoning thus, and then carving his name with a knife on the tree-trunk, Sumner had left the place sadly, and followed the trail of the wagons. This was his story ; and Councilors heard it with grief and misgivings. Soon they determined to send a Commission to search for the absent Messenger ; and they selected three men the most trusted and worthy, Urging them straight to depart, and investigate every- thing fully, — ' Making Report of the facts at the earliest possible mo- ment. Less than three hours had elapsed ere the men were pursuing their journey. Rumor had recently spread in the Camp that Sumner was also Greatly enamored, and seeking the hand of fair Talitha Mansfield ; — Hence it appeared that these young men were in verity rivals, And that their seeming friendship was only a politic feigning. HARTFORD 27 Then there quickly developed a gen'ral and lively sus- picion That the returning lover had murdered his rival com- panion. Hindered so long by events of the morning, the Council thought not best Now to remove the Camp till after partaking of dinner. That being over, and everything ready as usual for moving, Forward the caravan went, and made a good after-noon progress. Nothing occurred on the way that seemed specially worthy of record Saving that near the place they selected for evening en- campment Sassafras trees were discovered, whose wholesome and delicate fragrance, New to the people, astonished them all, and was reck- oned delightful. Greatly esteemed for reputed medicinal virtues inher- ent, This was the first of American products composing a Cargo Taken to Europe in one of the ships of commercial ad- venture. Friday they followed all day the course of a beautiful river, Joyfully making their Camp for the night on its flowery margin, — Toyful, all but the Sumners and generous Talitha Mans- field. Here they gladly replenished their stock of provisions by fishing ; — Here too one of the rashly adventurous boys in his bathing Plunged into water too deep, and hardly was rescued from drowning. 28 HARTFORD Two of the boys, named William and John, were full of acumen, Restless, and busy from morning to night in action of some kind. Keenly alert, they noticed in passing whatever un- usual Species of tree or shrub or flower the country afforded. Once they discovered the Benzoin shrub, the favorite Spice-wood, Pleasantly fragrant, and reckoned a sovereign specific for fevers ; — Also they found the Calamus root, now christened the Sweet-flag, — And were especially pleased when they met with the beautiful shining Winter-green leaves, with the luscious scarlet berries commingled. Crossing a swamp, they saw with surprise and hast- ened to gather Curious Side-saddle flowers, with their wonderful pitchers of water, — Pitchers that rival in graceful design the most elegant Greek Vase. Finding one day as they wandered together a plant they had never Seen, they laughed at its form; and then, pulling it up, they examined Quickly the bulbous root that seemed almost like a turnip. Each of them tasting the root, they were pleased at first with its sweetness ; But ere a minute had passed they began to revise their opinions ! As on the African plains two sprightly and nimble Ga- zelles, when Lion approaches, intending to take one of them for his dinner, HARTFORD 29 Suddenly leap simultaneous, bounding away in their terror, Leaving the foe far behind, and outstripping the wind in their flying, So these venturesome youths, impelled by a common emotion, Suddenly start for the point where soonest they might obtain water, — Racing superbly, — rivaling famous "swift-footed Achilles,"— Reach at same moment the river, and hurl themselves into the channel ! Filling and rinsing their mouths with water, — repeat- ing the process Over and over again, — they finally ventured to test their Powers of expression, and tried to set forth their can- did opinion, Saying the thing they had tasted exceeded in fiery venom Even the most concentrated essence of African Pep- per! Never again did they hanker to taste of the Indian Turnip! Afterwards, walking together alone, they encoun- tered a smallish Animal which to them seemed very much indeed to resemble Household cats, those favorite pets so familiar in England; — Black with a beautiful stripe of white on his back was the creature; But when they came quite near him, they thought his breath was like garlic; — Stronger in fact, two to one, did it seem than both garlic and onions! When they returned to the Camp, all the people were visibly troubled, 30 HARTFORD Saying- the boys had brought the breath of the beast in their clothing! Going, then, out from the Camp, and washing their clothing a few times, Finally they were permitted to enter the presence of others. Searching one day for "greens" in a swamp, they presently saw there, Thriftily growing, a cabbage-like plant which they fondly imagined Finely would serve their purpose for dinner and sup- per and breakfast; But when they broke the leaves and the stalk, they found that the odor Equaled the breath of the "pussy" they met with be- fore in the forest! Walking one day in the woods, they came near to the nest of a Partridge, But were persuaded to follow the seemingly poor wounded bird that Fluttered away on the ground just a very short dis- tance before them; Yet when they thought themselves certainly almost ready to seize it, Strangely the wounded and fluttering Partridge ap- peared to recover, — Rose in the air with vigorous wings, and with wonder- ful whirring Left them astonished, and vanished completely from sight in the distance! Pois'nous bane-berry plant they mistook for Sar- saparilla, Just as others much older than they have done in times later; — Once they were terribly frightened by croaking of Frogs in the marshes; — Very excusably so in opinion of people of Wind- ham ; — HARTFORD 31 Afterwards barely they missed of attacking a ravenous Panther; And still later they tried to capture a nest full of Hor- nets ! Boys such as these in following years became vig- orous worthy Ancestors famous of men like valorous General Put- nam. Saturday, crossing the River, and finding but little obstruction, Forward the Emigrants went, and made more than their usual advancement. Choosing the site of their Sabbath-day's Camp in a place of convenience, Early they halted, and made with due care all the proper arrangements. Sunday the services solemn afforded a fitting occa- sion Strongly to urge on the people the duty of Charity, — foremost, — Chief of the Graces, — that suffereth long, — and that thinketh no evil. Languid the singing, for some of the heretofore prom- inent voices. Silenced by grief, could not venture to mingle at all in the chorus. Scarcely the afternoon service was done when the sentinel watching Saw in the distance three men who appeared without doubt to be coming. Could the Commission have finished their work and their journey so promptly? Or were the men, in the distance approaching, more probably strangers? Waiting a while in suspense, the people received the assurance That the Commissioners were in reality rapidly com- ing. 32 HARTFORD Presently then were the Council assembled, and ready to meet them. Soon they arrived, and proceeded at once to report to the Council. Starting on Tuesday, they halted in Boston ere day- light on Wednesday; — Sleeping a little, and making inquiries, proceeded to Newtown, Finding the house where Worthington slept, and get- ting responses, — Then they proceeded to visit the Oak-tree, — promi- nent land-mark, — Where they examined the name quite recently carved on the tree-trunk. Up to this point they found all the facts were as stated by Sumner; Then with a band of assistants they entered on vigor- ous searching. Placing themselves on a radius line from the tree as a center, Standing at uniform distances one from another of ten feet, Wheeling to left then, and marching in regular circles concentric, Scanning each foot of the ground as they passed, they completed the circuit. Doubling the length of the radius, standing upon it in order. Wheeling again to the left, they circuited back to their stations. Thus they proceeded till, half a mile north of the Tree, they discovered Something exceedingly gruesome and horribly shock- ing to mention. There were the bones of a man whom the wolves had but recently eaten, — Scattered and gnawed, and stripped of the flesh, and some of them broken, — HARTFORD 33 Frightful to see, and filling each man who beheld them with horror! Nothing remained of the clothing, not even the scant- iest fragment; But in a neighboring nook was a handkerchief quietly lying, Showing initials, a T. and a W. marked in the corner- Neatly embroidered by hands that were certainly skillful in such work. Known was the fact that Worthington recently car- ried a like one; Hence they concluded the bones were those of the messenger missing, Who had been killed by the wolves, or murdered and left for their feasting; — Absence of clothing appeared to sustain this last sup- position. Gath'ring the bones, they carried them quickly and safely to Newtown, Buried them there, and carefully marked the place of interment. Then they returned in great sadness, bringing the handkerchief with them. Greatly disturbed, then the Council straight called the Assembly together, Gave the Report without change to the people, and showed them the hand-cloth, — Asking if any had facts to present that would lead to conclusions Other than those the Commission with sorrow and pain had adopted. Then arose Talitha Mansfield and said the Com- mision had wrongly Based their decision on facts that were not, and could not be, proven; — Certainly this was not the handkerchief Worthington carried; — 34 HARTFORD That was a cloth of a different texture entirely from this one; — Diff'rent the style of the letters that her hands wrought in the corner; — She had made handkerchiefs similar quite, and just at the same time, Giving to Worthington one, and the other to Lemuel Sumner; — If they would only compare this last with the one they had brought back, Plainly they'd see in the two things not only diff'rence but contrast. Then they examined the handkerchief carried as usual by Sumner, Finding it not like the one they had brought from the forest at Newtown. Great the perplexity then of the people, and much did they wonder Whether the Worthington bones had been gathered and buried in sadness. Welcoming earliest rays of the morning, anxiously hopeful, Every one promptly discharging the duties incum- bent upon him, Early the Colonists waited the usual signal for march- ing. Onward they went, and ere night made more than a common day's journey. Next day, briskly alert, they moved with success even greater; And on the third they halted in sight of Connecticut River. ' Then began murmuring; — many the words of com- plaint and repining; "Were we not told the Connecticut Valley was won- drously fertile, — Grassy and flowery and loamy, and free from all sorts of obstructions, HARTFORD 35 Ready to yield to the settler abundant returns for his labor? Now that we've reached it, see what is the real and present condition! Sandy and barren, — encumbered with trees, and worth nothing for culture!" So were the people discouraged; and some of them bitterly anxious, Thought it were better at once to prepare for return- ing to Boston. Soon to the ears of the Council were brought these bitter complainings; But they replied "Not yet have we entered the land that was promised; Yonder Connecticut River is merely our River of Jor- dan; That we must cross; for the beautiful land of our hopes is beyond it." Here then they rested a while; and some of them, climbing a tall tree, Viewed from a distance, like Moses of old upon favor- ing Pisgah, Broadly extended, the land on the opposite side of the River. Slaughtering one of the cattle, the people had beef for a few days ; Fish from the River made delicate feasting, — especial- ly salmon ; — Corn was obtained in abundance from some of the vis- iting Indians. Comfortable thus in regard to provisions, the peo- ple were cheerful, All but the sorrowing maidens, whose grief found but little abatement. Worthington probably murdered, and Sumner yet un- der suspicion, Darkened their spirits, and left them no relish for any enjoyment. BOOK II. Not like the Jordan when Joshua crossed was Con- necticut swollen; But it was deeper than fordable streams, and enor- mously wider Than could be spanned by tentative amateur efforts at bridging. Boats there were none; but soon 'twas determined a raft to construct there Large enough safely to carry a wagon across with its loading. That being finished, the cattle went over the River by swimming; Then each wagon was carried in safety across on the raft-logs ; And in like manner the people went quietly over the Ferry. Previous settlers there were but few, and feeble the Hamlet ; Much they rejoiced to see others arrive who would render it stronger. Gladly they welcomed the Pilgrims, and offered them such entertainment As their painfully straitened and close circumstances permitted. Broad was the prairie before them; luxuriant grass was there waving; Beautiful flowers intermingled, abundant, made lovely the landscape; And without doubt the country was such as but few had imagined. Great the rejoicing then that arose; and with hearty thanksgiving Quickly the people spontaneous met in assembly for worship, (36) HARTFORD 37 Praising - the Lord in their prayers and their songs for his wonderful goodness. Then they rested; and sweet was their slumber after their journey. Next day the Council surveyed the position, and made an assignment Proper and just of land to the families taken in order; And in this those who had earlier located there were included, — Each one receiving two acres of Company land for his homestead, — Land that was purchased from Indian owners expelled by the Pequods. Then each man repaired to his homestead with oxen and wagon. First in the order of work was the plowing and plant- ing of gardens, — Making provision as far as they might for the coming of Winter; — Next they constructed slight booths that might serve for shade and for shelter; Then they proceeded to build themselves houses in which they might tarry During the rigorous cold of the terrible season ap- proaching. Pushing this work, they labored in several regular sections; Five men, giving their strength and their teams, built easily one house, Then constructed another, and others in rapid succes- sion, Till they had finished a house for each man of the laboring section. All then united to build what should serve for a Church and a school-house. Great was the work; for the timber was cut in the far distant forest, — 38 HARTFORD Hewn with the ax, or split with wooden beetle and wedges, — Drawn from the woods by oxen slow to the place of each building, — Then put together in rough, and fastened with cum- berous tree-nails. Scant was material for building; great ingenuity therefore Helped the new-comers in use of numerous primitive methods. Walls were made of hewn logs, and sometimes logs without hewing; Even turf in some cases supplied the deficit of lumber Wooden latches and hinges were almost the only ones used there; Long coarse grass and wild reeds were often conven- ient for thatching; Mortar untempered was also hastily dug from the clay-beds; — Not for the laying of brick and of stone, but for plas- tering side-walls, — Stopping of holes, and filling the chinks of the crook- ed and rough logs. Shingles were largely prepared from the primitive timber by using Cross-cut saw, and the ax, and the beetle, the fro, and the draw-knife; Thongs from the untanned skins of the animals killed in their hunting Served for other and various family use, and for latch- strings. Windows of glass were a later and costly convenience of Hartford. Wells were not dug ; but they welcomed the water ob- tained from the River. Late in the Fall the Church was complete, and ready for using. HARTFORD 39 Solemn the service, and simple the rites of the Church dedication; But at the close the Pastor requested the people to tarry While they should hear a strange and very surprising announcement. Then he related that one of the neighboring people of Windsor, Visiting him had identified fully the handkerchief brought back By the Commissioners when they returned from the forest at Newtown. This man, Taylor by name, and formerly living at Plymouth, Said that the handkerchief surely belonged to one Timothy Winthrop ; — That the initials set in the corner were wrought by his sister; — That he had seen them while she was doing them, and at her dictate He had presented the handkerchief, when it was fin- ished, to Winthrop; — That at the end of May this Winthrop had visited Newtown, But had never returned, and that people supposed he was murdered. Taylor then rose and confirmed to the people what Hooker had stated, Making request that the handkerchief should be sent to his sister. All were agreed that this should be done ; and soon by returning Vessel the article went on its sorrowful journey to Plymouth. Now the Commission admitted that probably they were mistaken Thinking that Worthington's bones were found in the forest at Newtown; 40 HARTFORD And they remembered that, being in haste, they neg- lected to measure Such of the bones as would show the stature of him they belonged to. Hence they determined again to go back and investi- gate further, And the visiting neighbor from Windsor agreed to go with them. Worthington, tall and athletic, stood six feet two in his stockings; Winthrop, however, as Taylor averred, was half a foot shorter. When they had measured the bones, they found them fully agreeing With the stature of Winthrop, but not with that of the other. Hence, then, at last it was certainly known that Worthington's relics Thus far had not been found; and the mystery seemed to grow deeper. Taylor then, taking the bones, conveyed them safe- ly to Plymouth, Where they were buried by friends in the place of their permanent resting. Having completed this work, the Commissioners turned their steps homeward, Carefully searching the route for remains, but finding no traces. Faintly glimmering hope survived in the hearts of the maidens; But the mass of the people believed that never would any Tidings be heard of the man who had suddenly van- ished so strangely. Following custom, the people at first called their settlement New-town, — Naming it after the town from which they had lately departed. HARTFORD 41 Soon, however, they found themselves weary of this appellation; And as Cotton was specially honored in naming of Boston, So they determined to honor their well-beloved dili- gent Teacher, , Samuel Stone, who had come from the beautiful Hart- ford in England. Fittingly, then, they called their beautiful settlement Hartford. Planting was late, and small in amount; but the soil, being fertile, Yielded enough to prevent all fear of approaching starvation. Not then, as later, was maize the principal crop of the farmer; But for roasting or boiling while yet it was tender and unripe, And for the making with green beans Succotash dur- ing the autumn, "Indian Corn" was in favor, and thought to be fitted for gardens. This, then, they gathered, and boiled, and dried by the fire-side, and stored up, Though for the corn to be ripened the time was by many weeks too short. Chiefly, however, for grain they were fain to rely up- on Buck-wheat, Which had easily come to maturity during October. This, when harvested, thrashed with the flail on the smooth level bare ground, Winnowed in North-wind, pounded in mortars, and sifted with patience, Furnished a flour from which they had food both pleas- ant and wholesome. Wheat and Rye were sown in the hope of a harvest for next year. 42 HARTFORD Not to the use of Potatoes were people of that time accustomed ; But they had Turnips and Beets and Cabbage and Squashes and Pumpkins Added to Melons and Radishes, Peas, and Beans in abundance, — All of which grew and were gathered before the end of the season. Sage, Coriander, and Caraway, Dill, and Fennel were planted, Chiefly to serve as reminders of England, but also for Spices; And a few Marygolds, Pansies, and Blue-bells, served to embellish Patches of ground that were afterwards carefully closed in as door-yards. Coffee and Tea were yet unknown to these primi- tive settlers: But they sometimes used a decoction of Sage, or of other Herbs aromatic, and often of Sassafras-root for their drinking. Also they largely made use of a home-made fermented small-beer Brewed from roots and plants that were thought to be wholesome and healing. Sometimes meat was by hunting and fishing by colo- nists gathered ; Yet was oftener game from the Indians by Colonists purchased. Industry almost incredible left no time for amuse- ments. Harvests were carefully gathered, and fuel prepared for the winter, Only a few improvident ones neglecting the wood- pile. Then they appointed a day of rejoicing, of grate- ful Thanksgiving HARTFORD 43 For the numerous manifest tokens of Heavenly favor Which had pursued them from first to last in their wilderness sojourn. Early assembled, they worshiped with zeal that was earnest and heart-felt, Humble and penitent, praising- the Lord for his won- derful goodness. Hooker set forth in his eloquent words their tem- poral blessings, — Dwelling with emphasis much on the quieting joyful prospect That from painful journeyings now they were finally resting, — Noting the wonderful contrast, strange and lamenta- bly solemn, When their lot was compared with the terrible fate of their neighbors, Dorchester Company, largely their friends and famil- iar acquaintance, Equal or greater in numbers than theirs, and great in resources, Who in the previous year had attempted to settle at Windsor. Trusting their goods to the treacherous round-about transit by water, All had been wrecked, and, having been forced to re- turn in the winter, Many had lost their lives by fatigue, and by cold and starvation. Also their cattle had died of neglect in the pitiless sea- son. Stone with eloquence equal, recalled to the minds of his hearers What and how great were the Spiritual blessings with which they were favored, — Making Soul-liberty chief of the boons which their God had vouchsafed them, — 44 HARTFORD That superlative good for which they had fled from their old homes, And had endured the manifold toils and privations and dangers Of their removal from far-away lovely and beautiful England. Earnest the songs of praise sent upward from num- erous voices, — Fervent the prayers that ascended for constant Divine benefaction, — Not of themselves alone, but mindful of him who was absent. After the service, repairing direct to their several homesteads, Feasts they enjoyed that were spread with a rustic but generous bounty; And to these feasts in most cases some genial guests were invited. Yet they discovered that to their happiness something was wanting. Frosty the weather; and near was the joyful season of Christmas; Yet great sadness and gloom was every countenance wearing, Caused by uncertainty, dread, and dismal foreboding of evil. Indian murders excited alarm ; and Worthington's ab- sence Haunted them daily, and pressed down their souls with perpetual sorrow. Soon were they doomed to another surprise that was sudden, and greater Far than any preceding, and filled every person with wonder: During a session of Council the door was hastily opened; — Entered a man; and there was Worthington standing before them! HARTFORD 45 After the first salutation, and bidding a cordial wel- come, Straight the Councilors hastened to formulate num- erous questions: Whence had the Messenger come? and why so late in his coming? From a most irksome and painful captivity with the wild Indians Lately escaping, and traversing many a league of the pathless Wilderness, weary, but thankful, he said he had come to their presence. If on the morrow the long-waiting people would all come together, He would endeavor to tell them his story of perigri- nations. Then he repaired to the home of his friends, the house of the Sumners; And the Councilors hastened to scatter the glad in- formation. Next day the people assembled immediately after their dinner; And when all had taken his hand in their joyous greet- ing, Worthington told them how he had made his sorrow- ful journey: "On that beautiful morning in June, near the Oak tree in Newtown Where I had purposed to keep an appointment at sun- rise with Sumner, Suddenly rushed from a thicket, near which I was thoughtlessly passing, Five grim Canada Indians, armed to the teeth, and all ready Either to fight or to perpetrate murder, if aught should provoke them. Seeing it perfectly useless, I made no show of resist- ance. 46 HARTFORD Soon they had seized me, — had taken my knife and my pistol, and bound me. Three of them started at once with their prisoner, in- tending to lead him Far to the North to their homes in the desolate land of the Frenchman; And the others returned to the place of their skulking and hiding. One of them marched at my right, and one at my left on the journey, While the remaining one, vigilant, followed on closely behind me, Each of them holding a stout thong fastened securely about me. Camping at night, I was stretched on the ground, and my hands and my feet tied Either to trees in the forest, or stakes driven down in the clear land. Food rather scant was obtained every day by the hunt or by fishing; And for this purpose one of the men was detached with due caution Late in the afternoon while others rested in Camp for some two hours. On his return the game was soon parted and roasted and eaten; Then we proceeded while vestige remained of the fav- oring day-light, — Stopping at last for the night in most secret and quiet recesses, And in the morning proceeding again a long time be- fore sun-rise. I was allowed to partake of the remnants when In- dians had feasted, Making up fires, and cooking myself the small portion assigned me. Swamps and thickets avoiding, we merely went northward the first day; HARTFORD 47 But on the second we found a small stream that flowed in a straight course Almost exactly the way we were going, as set by a compass. This then we followed to where it was emptied into a large stream Coming from westward, and flowing serenely to land of the morning. We then, turning to westward, ascended the river a whole day. Then at its bend we turned again to the northward as usual; Four days then we ascended the stream, but then turned to the north-west Up the rough valley of one of its branches on-pushing for one day. Crossing a ridge, we then came to a beautiful river from north-east; Upward the valley of this we ascended with weariness nine days; Then with much labor surmounting a ridge, we came to a small stream Winding its sinuous course through valleys and for- ests all gloomy. Following this for a week, we came near to the City and strong-hold Known as Quebec, and controlling the wonderful Riv- er St. Lawrence. Quickly we crossed the big River, and reached the tents of my captors. After a rest of two days from the tedious and weari- some journey Men of the Tribe were assembled; and I was pre- sented before them. No conversation was possible; for they knew nothing of English; And in their Indian language in turn I was equally un- skilled. 48 HARTFORD Being then satisfied fully at last with their curious look- ing, They in grim silence retired with slow pace to their various wigwams. I was then set to my menial tasks, and required to bring water, — Fuel to cut in the forest, and bring to the lodge in abundance, — Animals killed by the hunters to bring to the Camp, and prepare them For the use of the Squaws in their vile aboriginal cook- ing. After a while I was taken for show in the streets of the City ; And I suppose I was offered for sale to fantastical Frenchmen. Still I remained, however, with worse than barbarous Indians ; But I was somewhat relieved in my sad and pitiful bondage By the discovery that these savages also were hold- Near me another poor Englishman groaning in similar thralldom. Shortly I met and conversed with the man, and had learned all his story, Which is too long and too sad for my present so hasty narration. Grieved I was to perceive that his health was incura- bly broken, And that the grave would shortly afford him a coveted refuge. Name of my new acquaintance I found to be Samuel Reyburn, — Genial man of some learning was he ; and much had he traveled ; Short time then was sufficient to render us intimate close friends. HARTFORD 49 Once he had made with the hunters a journey far to to the north-east, Searching three months for the furs of the Ermine, Ot- ter, and Beaver ; And in this jaunt he had stumbled by chance upon ar- ticles hidden Long before in a hollow tree large, which had recently blown down. One of these things was a package containing a Man- uscript, large and Well preserved, but written in language that was not familiar. Thinking it likely to be of some value, this work he had brought back, — And now, fearing he never would come again to his birth-land, Gave this Treasure to me, and requested that I should endeavor Something to learn of its nature and purport, and what was its value. Few were the weeks that elapsed after this till he left me lamenting, And to the land of the blessed escaped from the hands of the Indians. More than ever confinement was irksome to me in his absence; And one day, while the Indians were gone to the chase of the great Moose, And the Squaws were absorbed in their business of washing and cooking, Quietly moving away to the place where I had con- cealed them, Taking the Package, a gun, some powder, and some other few things, Straight to the River I went, where I found some ca- noes made of birch-bark, And, seizing one, I was over and off before any sus- pected. 50 HARTFORD Dismal and long was my route of return ; and greatly I suffered, Fearing the foe, and worn down by fatigue, and by hunger and thirsting, Dreading to find that all my friends here had been captured or murdered, — Sometimes terrified during the night by the howling of wild beasts, Scorched by the withering heat of the unclouded sun in the daytime, Stiffened by sharp cutting winds and the pestilent frost in the night time, Anxious and doubtful concerning the route in the nu- merous dark days, — Yet was I strengthened and cheered by the hope of be- holding these kind friends, And of renewing that intercourse, friendly, and pleas- ant, and social, Which I valued so highly before my horrible bond- age. Leaving the River majestic which passes Quebec, I ascended First the Valley Chaudiere, and, crossing a lofty and rough ridge, Came to the head of the same little fishing stream flow- ing to south-west Which the Indians had followed in making their vil- lainous home-run. This I descended, and followed it far in its sinuous long course Till it became by degrees a broad River, majestic and placid. After a while, however, the Valley grew slender and rock-bound ; And the great River was forced through a channel sur- prisingly deep-worn, And so narrow that seemingly one might jump quite across it. HARTFORD 51 Having in fury escaped from the gorge, the River soon broadens, And becomes slow and majestic again in its dignified on-flow. Downward I followed it till I encountered one morn- ing a white man ; And from him I discovered that this was Connecti- cut River. He was from Windsor, and gave me some tidings of people at Hartford; Then with new courage I hurried along to the colony Windsor, — Tarried a little, was feasted, and rested one joyful night there, — Then in the morning proceeding in haste, I have safely arrived here Thankful to God for His wonderful care and protection vouchsafed me." Eagerly listened the people to Worthington's elo- quent story. Then the delighted assembly lifted their voices in con- cert In the Doxology, singing their "Praise God" loudly with unction. Presently then some Elder proposed another Thanks- giving ; And the rising vote was unanimous for the proposal. Then was selected a suitable day for the jubilant pur- pose; And to Sumner were tendered apologies for the suspicions Some had unjustly indulged of his spotless and inno- cent honor. Second Thanksgiving substantially followed the plan of the other, — Differing much in the details, — copying closely the outlines. 52 HARTFORD Worthington's safety the thing for which they were specially grateful, — Seeing him present roused in their hearts a more reso- lute courage. After the service the Pastor requested the people's attention While he should publish a brief, but very important, announcement. Then he read the duly declared intention of marriage Of Mister Theodore Worthington and Miss Abigail Sumner, — Also of Lemuel Sumner and Spinster Talitha Mans- field! Doubly astonished, the people received the announce- ment with pleasure, And in it found of a mystery great a most perfect so- lution ! New Year's Day was approaching, and previous am- ple arrangement Made it convenient to set the duplicate marriage for that day. Thoughtful minds of the people now anxiously turned to their children. Months of the Winter were all they could have for pursuing their studies ; For in the others their strength was demanded by various labor. Soon 'twas resolved to establish a School for their care- ful instruction ; And for the Teacher they readily chose, with excellent judgment, Worthington, who was well known as a diligent Clas- sical Scholar; — Building designed both for Church and for School served every requirement; And the young people, ambitious to learn, made rapid advancement. HARTFORD 53 Also a School for Singing was thought to be urgently needed ; And as a competent Teacher for this they chose Lem- uel Sumner. Busy as bees were the people pursuing their various callings, Yet they never neglected the calls of their blessed Re- ligion, And in their simplified worship were constant and faith- ful and zealous. Not merely this, but every one reckoned his calling as one part Making with others the sum of the service required by Divine Law. Present the New Year, people assembled in Church in the morning, — Listened to Sermon befitting the joyously festive oc- casion ; — Then an Epithalamium greeted the Brides and the Grooms there, After which, taking their places directly in front of the Pastor, Joining their hands, and pledging their faith in a most solemn Contract, Each of the pairs became Husband and Wife amid congratulations. Afterwards, such as the time and the place were uniquely affording, Spread was a feast for their friends in the now happy home of the Sumners. Later two centuries Worthington Hooker was famed as a Scholar, Noted among the sons of Connecticut for his attain- ments ; Also was Sumner a name of renown among sons of New England. Bostonites thought they were likely to prosper and flourish immensely 54 HARTFORD Since for their clothing they'd excellent "Cotton" abundant imported, And for their fishing a dexterous "Hooker" brought over from home-land ; Also for building they'd plenty of "Stone" of fine quality reckoned ; But they saw two-thirds of these great advantages leave them In behoof of a Town in the distant Connecticut Val- ley! This was unpleasant ; and many resented the dras- tic secession. Prompt Massachusetts made haste to assert her right- ful dominion Over the Valley to which her people were rapidly fleeing ; And to govern the Colonies there she sent out a Com- mission ; But her authority was not acknowledged ; Commission was slighted ; Soon she abandoned the scheme ; and the people were left to pursue their Separate course as they chose without danger of her molestation. Nevertheless there remained some envy and emulous ill will Which was displayed in sarcastic remarks, and in fatu- ous falsehoods Tending to bring discredit upon the new region, and hinder Immigrants seeking a home from repairing directly to that land. "Rash and hot-headed, they'd rushed into war with the powerful Indians, And if not rescued by those from the Bay, had been utterly ruined;" — "All of their cattle were actually dead, or in dying condition ;" — HARTFORD 55 "Land was so bad that they nothing could raise to keep from starvation ;" — "Hooker was visibly tired and sick of his present po- sition ;" — "If they knew where they might go, they'd quickly abandon the station." Such were the statements concerning the men of Connecticut Valley; Yet in the Spring there came to the Colonies many accessions, — People of means, and congenial tastes, who were cordially welcomed. One of the settlers at Windsor requires to be spe- cially mentioned For his remarkable service in arms, and also in oth- er Spheres of exertion and care for the juvenile Colony's welfare : This was the vigorous brave Captain Mason, or rather the Major, — Thus to distinguish this man from another one bear- ing the same name Prominent in the Colonial affairs of rugged New Hampshire, — Said to be also a distant relation of Mason of Windsor. Trained, as Miles Standish, to soldier's profession in Flanders, He was employed for a time to construct the defenses of Boston ; But he perceived the advantages great of Connecticut Valley. Bold and courageous, a man of affairs, and for en- terprise ready, Broad in his views, and gifted with great intellectual powers, — Born for a leader, and laboring much for Community's welfare, 56 HARTFORD Great was the honor in which he was held ; and much was he valued. Many high Offices filled with success gave him great reputation, — Judge of the Court, and often as Deputy Governor serving, — Also commanding the troops, and sent on Embassies weighty. Pillars of Church and of Colony too were Ex-Gov- ernor John Haynes, — (Last year Governor over the Colony they had re- moved from), Still in the future too yet to be Governor where they were living, — And the good brother and Elder, revered for his worth, William Goodwin. In the allotment of land to the several settlers who first came These two men, with the Pastor, and Teacher, got each his two acres Close by the others, and bounded by little Mill River on south side. Here these wholly congenial spirits were locally well grouped ; And they were often consulting together concerning the best things For the Community they were endeavoring there to establish. Others, however, like minded, and equally constant and faithful, Occupied other positions, and they too oft were con- sulted. Found among these were Talcott, and Wyllys, and Stanley, and Whiting, Dennison, Webster, and Lord, and Wadsworth, and Stanton, and Hopkins, — Bacon, and Webb, and Olmsted, and Bull, and West- wood, and Wakeman, — HARTFORD 57 Chaplin, and Steele, and Burchwood, and Richards, and Moody, and Lyman, — Men of repute; and some of them later were Gover- nors chosen. Westward a mountain as monument stands of Gover- nor Talcott. Much they considered the great and imminent danger from Pequods ; And they induced the Council to order the speedy en- rolment, Arming completely, and drilling, of all the men able to bear arms. This, then, claimed a share of available time through the winter. Perilous times were upon them ; and great was the need of wise prudence. Cautiously guarding their homes as they could, they kept sentinels posted During the night at several points to watch the ap- proaches Lest some treacherous foe should attempt to creep in and surprise them. Not only present and threatening danger was care- fully noted, But these Colonists studied the principles forming the basis, Just and equable, for the construction of Government Civil. Hooker declared the Source of Authority must be the People ; — That 'twas their right their Rulers to choose, and Laws to establish Which should direct the Rulers in all their endeavors to govern ! This was the germ of Liberty's seed, which has sprouted and grown so As to o'ershadow American soil from Ocean to Ocean ! 58 HARTFORD Eagerly was the new doctrine received by the Pas- tor's associates ; And it was used as the chief corner-stone of the State which they founded. Not as severe was the Winter as was the terrible last one, Yet was the River completely bridged over ere Christ- mas with thick ice ; And the whole region was covered with snow to the depth of near two feet. Was the snow beautiful? That will depend upon what was the view-point ! One who relied upon milk of his cows for support of his children, And upon what could be found in the field and the forest for fodder, Keeping his fire with limbs that had fallen from wind-shaken old trees, Wearing not boots, but protecting his feet with the relics of low shoes, — Made by the drifts in front of his door a prisoner anxious, — Found the snow anything else but beautiful in its ap- pearance But his more fortunate neighbor, having a team of stout oxen, Furnished with boots for his comfort, and having a sled for wood-hauling, Having provisions in goodly supply, and some feed for his cattle, Noting the broad and level expanse of the bright-shin- ing meadows, Noting the curious forms of the drifts with sym- metrical whorlings, — Noting diversified regular forms of the wonderful snow-flake, — Calling to mind the protection afforded to wheat and to rye crops, HARTFORD 59 Reckoned the "beautiful snow" of the winter a positive blessing ! Horses and sleighs were not then the delight of the youths and the maidens, But were reserved for more prosperous days of the radiant future. Invalid wife of the Pastor, brought in a litter from Newtown, Happily gained relief from disease, and almost re- covered Soundness of health, so that long she survived her la- borious husband. Cheerful in spirit, and confident too, she was happily helpful, Bringing new courage to hearts of her friends when times were depressing. Early in Spring the River broke up ; and the ice in great masses Floated to sea, or was thrown on the banks, which it cumbered a long time. Great was the flood ; and the meadows were very extensively covered, Gaining fertility at the expense of a great inconveni- ence. After the flood the season of fishing began to ap- proach, when Colonists hoped to lay in a supply that would last them the year through. Salmon then came to the River; and excellent Shad were abundant ; Also the Herring in number outrivaled the stars in the heavens. Perch, and Scuppaug, and Flat-fish, and Bass, and Black-fish, and Lampreys, All were expected to swarm in the River during their season ; Other kinds too would remain in the water the whole of the year round, • 60 HARTFORD Making supply for the wants of the people of every condition ; But the attention of all was rudely diverted from fish- ing! Terrible news from the Colony Wethersfield brought consternation : Nine persons there had been murdered by savage and merciless Indians ; Also two others were seized, and into captivity carried ! Thus at their very doors, it seemed, was the enemy knocking ! BOOK III. Worthington's term as Teacher expired at the end of the March month ; Then, finding leisure, he turned to the Manuscript Package he brought back From the land of the savage, the land of fantastical Frenchmen. This he soon found to be written quite fairly in Latin provincial, — Written, it seems, by a Scotchman whose family name was Mac Fusson. Difficult task it was found to discover exactly the meaning Borne by some passages couched in a strange and bar- barous idiom ; But with patience enough, and with critical labor abun- dant, Came there at last a sufficiently perfect and useful Translation. Then were assembled almost the whole of the peo- ple to hear one Read the production distinctly with powerful reson- ant clear voice, Adding sometimes a few words to explain some dif- ficult passage, Or to express some natural feeling of pity or wonder. This is the Version, preserved with much care in a private Thesaurus : "When I had wandered abroad among strangers, like ancient Abaris, (Not being able, like him, to fly upon wings of an ar- row), And had come to the unfertile land of the copper-hued heathen, — While I sojourned in the Fortress Quebec, engaged in the Fur-Trade, (61) 62 HARTFORD Indians often came in with their wares from the far distant regions, Varying much in their color and forms and manners and language, And in character, too, as I frequently found in my deal- ings. One day came to the market a group that were very much lighter Than the others, — so much as to draw to themselves some attention; And I observed that their language appeared to be very peculiar. Words were often unlike ; and also their modes of ex- pression Differed from those that were used by the other and diff rently hued Tribes. Buying their Furs, I formed with these men some little acquaintance, — Learning that they had come from a region far to the north-east ; And the next year I recognized them among others returning. Buying again the Furs they had brought, I made many inquiries Touching their Tribe, and the far distant place of their hunting and dwelling. These they answered so well that I was resolved to go with them On their return, and explore a region not traversed by white men. They were much pleased when this I proposed; and when they were ready, I became one of the party, marching and camping as they did. Taking the same direction, we went for some days near the River. After a while, however, the River bore off to the south- east, HARTFORD 63 While we still continued our marching directly to north-east. Twenty-six days on the Trail which the Indians marked in their coming Brought us at last to a Lake where the Tribe was quietly camping. Welcomed with rough but sincere hospitality, I was much honored, — Kindly received, and presented with trinkets in every wigwam, And more especially that of the old and ven'rable Sachem. Soon they constructed a lodge for my use while I should remain there ; And I was presently duly installed in a regular te- pee. Then I went with the men in laborious hunting and fishing Till I had mastered the craft, and become a good hunt- er and fisher ; But I was mainly desirous of thoroughly learning the language Used by these people, in order to make it a means of obtaining Some information concerning their origin, arts, and traditions. Therefore I studied the language minutely, and labored with great care Till I could speak it correctly, and also could easily write it, Though the people themselves knew nothing of reading and writing. Finding the speech of these Indians to differ from that of the others Nearly as much as in color and features and habits they differed, I was persuaded that they must have had a different prime stock. 64 HARTFORD Making inquiries, then, I was told that their ancestors had come Ages ago from a far distant land over sea to the east- ward, While the copper-hued Indians claimed their fathers had journeyed From a remote and indefinite opposite region to west- ward. I was also informed that the ancient Tribal Tradi- tions Were in the care of those chosen for that particular purpose, And that the oldest and wisest of these was their ven'rable Sachem. Thereupon straight I repaired to his lodge, and re- quested as favor That of the ancient home of his Tribe he would tell me the story ; And he suggested a suitable day for his careful nar- ration. Promptly I went to the home of the Chief on the morning appointed Where he was soon relating in order these wonderful Legends : — 'Ancient the time when the Fathers remote of this peaceable White Tribe Were the last to escape from the vanishing shores of Latuna Sunken and whelmed in the ravening boisterous waves of the Ocean. Great was the Island Latuna, — forty days journey across it, — Mostly a level and beautiful land, and extremely pro- ductive, — Having a range of rather low mountains, not far from the west coast, — Reaching from northern cool clime to the warm and malarial south part. HARTFORD 65 Spreading out eastward in beautiful alternate prairies and wood-lands, — Favored with lakes, and traversed by Rivers in every direction, — Fertile extremely, and always producing most bounti- ful harvests, — Seemingly favored more highly than other terrestrial regions, — Fit was the Country to nourish a great and superior People. Such was the People that dwelt in the land, and that prospered there largely. Having subdued the wild beasts of the forests ; and serpents of swamp-lands, — Hunting sometimes in the wilds, and sometimes busied in fishing, Much more often they tended their herds and their flocks in the pastures, — Planted their various crops in the fields, and gathered their harvests, — Made themselves homes in the country, and builded their numerous cities, — Never indulging in contests and furious strifes with their neighbors, — Never engaging in war except to repel an invasion, — Studying various Arts, and enlarging the sphere of their knowledge, — Worshiping very devoutly the great and powerful Sun- God For whose honor they many and beautiful Temples erected, — Sometimes, sending Ambassadors, forming alliance with nations Far to the East o'er the barrier wide of the flood in- tervening, — Also receiving those that were sent in return by their far friends. 66 HARTFORD Justice was reckoned the chief of the Virtues, and so they were anxious Always to know and to do all that Justice was truly demanding. Greatly revered was Mores, the wise and benevolent Elder, Who, as Judge, had rendered the people remarkable service. Him they requested to write them a System of Laws for their guidance. This he accomplished, and made them a System of permanent value Which was received by the people at large with unan- imous favor. Living in peace, and obeying the Laws in a cheerful contentment, Greatly they prospered, increasing immensely in wealth and in numbers, — Living so long as to have it reported that they were immortals ! Average length of their lives was a hundred years at the lowest ; And sometimes a life of two hundred years was com- pleted. Rare was the need of Physicians with people so generally healthy; Yet at times was their service required ; and then it was ready. Priests of the Sun-God all were expert in curing dis- eases, — Magos, the Seer, more especially famous than others reported. Much were his services sought by the people who came from the out-lands ; Many he cured of their troublesome chronic and painful disorders, — One of these being the son of a King who reigned in the Orient. HARTFORD 67 This Prince offered the healer magnificent honor and riches, If he would go with him to his patrial Kingdom and live there; But this offer so tempting, like many and similar oth- ers, Was not enough to allure the Augur away from his birth-land. Largely in Commerce the people were busied ; and in their exchanges Copper and Silver and Gold were used to facilitate trad- ing, Every merchant carrying Scales for weighing these metals ; — But the method was clumsy at best; and so they in- vented Other and easier means to accomplish their laudable purpose. Choosing a man of integrity proved, of skill and dis- cretion, Him they employed to reduce to a uniform standard of fineness All of these metals, and then to make regular pieces convenient, Stamping each piece to indicate fineness and weight, but not value, — Shunning in this the blunder of fools of some periods later Trying to make the Coiner's stamp to certify value ! These pieces then when used in exchange only had to be counted, — Saving the trouble of weighing as well as some other vexation. Houses for shelter and decent repose were con- structed from timber, — Also from brick and from stone when better were thought to be needed. 68 HARTFORD Well were they clad in garments of cloth made from wool and from flax-plant. Upward a plaid was worn over the tunic in manner of Scotchmen ; — Downward, with pantaloons covered, they followed the style of the Frenchman ; — Then, enveloping all in the season of cold, was a mantle. Cov'ring the head they had season-caps ; and for their feet they had sandals. White were the people ; their features were fine, and especially pleasing; And, in the cheeks of the beautiful, roses and lilies were blended. Eyes were frequently brown, but oftener blue in their color ; Sometimes too were they black, or gray, but of lively expression ; — Hair was in general redish or brown, or flaxen, or golden, — Black in some cases, but gray or white of course in the aged. People at large chose Rulers to manage all matters communal, — Setting forth rules for their guidance in all their endeavors to govern. Rulers of Dekads, Rulers of Hektads, Chiliads also; — These were chosen to serve for one-year periods only ;— Rulers of Myriads and Rulers of Cities were chosen for two years ; — War was detested; but yet for defense they made ample provision, — Army consisting of all the men able for regular ser- vice. Implements used in husbandry, hunting, and fishing, and mine work, And in the crafts of the Carpenter, Black-smith, Mason, and Woodman, HARTFORD 69 All were employed as weapons of war when necessity ordered. Officers chosen for public affairs were Commanders in war-time, — Ranking as if they were chosen at first for the War service only. Careful and regular drilling was had in all martial man- euvers, So that all might be fitted and ready for action in con- cert. Dealing in Justice with all of the various Nations around them, Seldom were any disposed to intrude upon them or attack them ; But when Homber, Alphetus, and Meno were heads of the Nation, Thousands of pirates and robbers in ships were infest- ing the ocean; And they determined to make an attack on the peace- loving people. While they were yet far off on the wave their plan was discovered ; And the whole Army was soon in the field, and pre- pared to receive them. Numbers were hidden in ambush each side of the place of the landing, As the main body was set in array on the plain just be- fore it. While the invaders were coming to land they skirm- ished with arrows ; But when the robber-fiends leaped from the boats, and rushed on to attack them, Soldiers retired with all speed to the favoring high- lands behind them. Then about facing and forming the line, they stood waiting and ready ; But the marauders spread over the plain, and were pillaging homesteads. 70 HARTFORD Then those in ambush made haste to attack and set fire to the Vessels, — Pushing them off from the land, and cutting them loose from their moorings. Quickly the crackling flames rose aloft ; and black were the smoke-clouds Which the terrified robbers now saw to their utter con- fusion. Straight they relinquished the booty they'd taken, and fled to the landing Followed by soldiers who rushed from the hills, and, charging them sharply, Slew them with weapons, or hurried them desperate into the Ocean. Some who surrendered were treated humanely, and finally went back Each to his home in the country or region from which he had started. Trading by sea, the lands of the Scot and the Gaul they frequented, Bringing the products of Loom and of Forge for the Grain they exported. Pictures and Statues were also brought back in their numerous cargoes, As were the riches of mines of Silver, of Gold, and of Diamonds. Commerce of wine or strong drink was never allowed in the market ; And no drunkenness ever disgraced and destroyed the people. Much they glorified learning and arts, and valued in- struction ; And the proficients in Music, as well as the Poets, were welcomed ; — Orators too were held in esteem, and accorded prefer- ment. Bentis, the Architect, not being equal to builders of Greek-land HARTFORD 71 In the perfection of finish of friezes and marvelous columns, Yet was accorded a national fame for his beautiful structures, And supervised the erection of numerous national buildings. Tohar, the Sculptor, had studied abroad a long time, and had gathered Knowledge and skill which had made in the land of his birth his renown great, So that his Statues were much in demand, and had brought him in great wealth ; And his glory still greater became by his Civil prefer- ment. Painter of pictures, and using a wonderful skill in his painting, Rimino dared to challenge comparison with the out- landers, And was never excelled by any who heeded his chal- lenge ; Yet, 'twas said that he always acknowledged some debt to the Grecians For the instruction received in their land in his wan- dering young days. Musical skill was more widely diffused, and superior numbers Labored with care and success to attain a good musical culture ; Narbo, however, was easily chief of them all, and ex- ceeded Those of his class in the masterly strength of his per- fect performance. Poets there were ; and their merits were greater than easily stated ; But there was none who was reckoned so far in advance of the others As to be counted the absolute chief of the writers in that style. 72 HARTFORD Cone, and Davus, and Fergus, and Hermio, Madus and Noes, All were among the prominent names of the Poets in honor. Writers of History shared in renown with Poets and Artists, But were accounted as those whose gifts were less not- ably brilliant. Orators never attained to the singular eminent stand- ing Held by some men of their class with the versatile Greeks and the Romans, Chiefly because the gift of eloquent speech was so com- mon. Famous among the Shippers who traversed the bil- lowy Ocean, Trading to various lands that were lying far to the eastward, Navus the Prudent was oftener called the man of good fortune. One time he sailed to that shore of the Island which looked to the sun-set, Trading with several cities and numerous towns of that region. Tarrying there he was blown off the coast by a terrible east wind, — Driven far out on the raging, unknown, and untraveled Ocean. No one expected to see him again, or to hear from his vessel; — Others had gone the same way ; but none had returned with their story ; Yet after seasons had changed, and he was supposed to have perished Navus again returned to the coast he had left in the tempest Bringing report of a far-away unpeopled land to the westward. HARTFORD 73 Long was his story of hardship and dangers encount- ered in sailing, — Hunger and thirst and cold and a host of unspeakable terrors ; — But he was back ; and those who were with him com- mended his prudence, Saying that only through that had they all been saved from destruction. Rapid Agalles outstripped in the Race the swiftest of horses ; And he tired them out in a famous pedestrian long course. Ortus, the Athlete, having encountered a bull in the forest, Killed with a club, and carried the animal home on his shoulders. For their amusements the people had shows, and music and dancing, — Acting of parts, and trials of strength, and races of foot-men, — Racing of horses, and chariot races, and throwing of discus, — Shooting with arrows, and hurling with spears, and wrestling matches ; — But no boxing was ever permitted with fists or with cestus. No kind of battle was ever allowed in the name of amusement. It was enacted should any two fight for a prize or a wager, They should be forced to continue the fight till one should be killed off ; Then the other should have his head broken by vigor- ous clubbing; And in one hole they both should be buried ; and noth- ing should point out Where they had found their wretched and infamous place of interment. 74 HARTFORD Rigid enforcement of this made prize-fights very un- f requent ! Stories recounted by Bards, with interspersed music of great Harp, Often beguiled of their tedium long Winter evenings by fire-sides. Sometimes too there were rivals in music of pipe and of lute-strings, Charming the old and the young with the marvelous skill of their playing. Seasons of social delight were the feasts on occasions of Marriage Where were convened the friends of the parties uniting their fortunes. Simple and fitting the rites they observed in making betrothal, And in carrying out a solemn and permanent Contract. Bridegroom repaired with a number of friends to the home of his chosen And conducted with music the Bride to the home of her husband ; He then presented to all of his kindred the wife of his bosom. Cora, the beautiful maid, was betrothed to Madon of Bomar ; — Distant was Bomar From Cora's abode by full a day's journey. Nearly arrived was the day of the marriage ; and Cora was ready When a messenger said that Madon was sick of a fever So that he could not come for his bride in the manner appointed. Roxa, his sister, had come to request that she would go with her, Bearing at least some little relief to her suffering broth- er. Resting that night, in the morning they started with vigor and courage, HARTFORD 75 Hoping to get through the gloomy primitive forest by day-light. Fairly they sped, but stopped to partake of refresh- ment at noon-time ; — Then very soon they came to a stream that casual rain- fall During the previous night had swollen too much for their passage. Troubled at first, they concluded to follow the little creek upward Till they should find it become sufficiently narrow for crossing. Over at last, they hastened along, but missed their direction, Presently lost all trace of their path, and were hope- lessly wildered, — Seeing no sun on account of the clouds, and roving at random. Night coming on, their hunger was scarcely appeased by the fragments Left from their dinner ; and then on the chilly, damp, bare ground, Sheltered a little by favoring trunk of a tree that had fallen, Clasping each other in sisterly arms, they slumbered to- gether Spite of the winds and the stiffening frost of a night in December. Next day was gloomy and dark ; and they'd nothing to eat in the morning; But they continued their sinuous course in the hope that good fortune Might in some way give escape from this dismal and terrible forest. Late in the day, while weary and faint and already despairing, Under a tree they found as they passed some handfuls of chestnuts ; y6 HARTFORD And, having molified hunger with these, they gathered the remnants For their support on the morrow, if life should remain unextinguished. Looking, however, a little ahead, they saw that rough steep hills Lay in their course ; and therefore they could not be going the right way, For in going to Bomar their path should be con- stantly level ; But they were weary ; and taking again the earth for a pillow, — Sleeping all night, they wakened refreshed somewhat in the morning. Making a meal of chestnuts, and turning away from the hill-range, Now they proceeded as well as they could in a diff'rent direction ; And in the course of the day they found an abundance of acorns. These, although bitter, would keep them, at present at least, from starvation ; And they procured as many as strength would allow them to carry. Night was approaching; but now all at once they were heartily gladdened Seeing a ruin deserted which once had been home of a Woodman ; And in this for the night they found a semblance of shelter. Cold and dark was the night ; and the angry and piti- less north wind Threatened to bury the sleepers in wreck of the ruin- ous building; But when morning appeared, the building itself was near buried Under the drifts of a blowing and shifting and ter- ribly deep snow. HARTFORD 77 Prisoners close, and tortured by breath of the mer- ciless north wind, Still they rejoiced in the shelter by virtue of which they were living-, — Clung to each other, and baffled the cold by their vigorous movement. Wearily passed that terrible day ; and, darkness re- turning, Qose in a corner they laid themselves down for the horrible night-time. Tardily came the daylight again; and the storm was still raging; And, to increase the horror still more, grim sick- ness attacked them So that they scarcely could stand, or eat the few acorns remaining. After a while, however, the wind took a turn to the southward ; And before night the quadruple fierceness of cold was relenting. After another unspeakable night the sun rose in the morning ; But to the prisoners scarce any vestige of hope was re- maining ; Gone was their strength ; and their acorns were gone ; and no more could be gathered. Deep was the snow, forbidding retreat in any direc- tion; There they supposed their bodies would lie, when spirits had left them; And they desired a message to leave for whoever should find them; But in their absence their friends were alarmed, and for days had been searching Over the forest ; and now at the last had come hither with labor, Forcing their way through multiplied masses of hin- dering snow-drifts. 78 HARTFORD Found were the maidens, and rescued from imminent certain destruction. After two days they arrived at the prosperous city of Bomar, — Ent'ring the house of Madon the Good an hour before night- fall. Madon, with pallor of death on his cheek, on a pillow was lying; And when he heard that Cora had come, he smiled for a moment While his thin hand he extended in evident token of welcome. Cora imprinted a kiss on his lips ; but she saw the next instant That on the lips of the dead her passionate kisses were falling ! Raising herself, and casting a look on the friends who were weeping, "Let me be buried with him" she exclaimed with a tone of affection, — Sank to the floor at once, and yielded her life at his bed-side ! Single the grave that was opened for both ; and the people of Bomar Covered it over with flowers every year in the beau- tiful Spring-time. Roxa survived the distress, and married the brother of Cora. Some who claimed magical powers had followers, too, and were favored. Oft they pretended to see in the dark, or with eyes closely bandaged, — Hidden treasures to find, or fountains of water dis- cover, — Trace the course of a thief, or tell events of the fu- ture, — Some to control the movements, and even volitions, of others, — HARTFORD 79 Make them to hunger or thirst, or to sleep or to wake at their pleasure. Oft they assumed to cure the sick by their manipula- tions. Many were said to rise in the air by the force of their will-power, Flying wherever they chose without visible wings to uplift them. Augur Hovores, Sage, and ambassador frequently chosen, — Prudent, and learned, and friendly, and Author of numerous Volumes, — Carried, as symbol of Priesthood, an Arrow regarded as sacred; And on this he was fabled to ride in his very long jour- neys, Passing o'er land and o'er sea many days without eat- ing or sleeping, — Foretelling Earthquakes, destroying Plagues, and soon quieting Tempests. Passing these fables and others, he's known to have visited Athens, Sparta, and Delos, and also the shores of the western Italia, — Meeting Pythagoras there, and receiving some favors unusual, — Making return for which he presented the mystical Ar- row. Master of all the learning as well as the language of Greek-land, He was acknowledged the peer of her world-renowned Scholars and Statesmen. Peaceful and prosperous, fertile and pleasant, and peopled immensely, Nations beheld with a great admiration the happy La- tuna ; — Yet in a night all the happiness fled from the beautiful region 80 HARTFORD Shaken and wrecked by the horrible force of a violent earthquake. Houses unnumbered were thrown to the ground; and people were buried Under the ruins of Cities and Towns all over the country ! After that night a new island appeared some miles to the eastward ; But in short time this island again was submerged ; and a huge wave Burst unexpected on low-lying shores of afflicted La- tuna. Thousands were drowned in the flood; but many un- happy survivors Fled to the hills, and found there safety from present destruction. Seeing their wealth, their friends and their neighbors o'erwhelmed in the waters, Some of them wished that they too had shared in the fate of their loved ones. Land thus ingulfed by the sea remained in Neptune's possession ; But the people on high lands supposed they were free from such danger. Plowing and sowing and reaping, and plying their other vocations, Still they were hopeful of life and prosperous days in the future. Thrice had the harvests been gathered, and Winter was coming as usual, When they discovered that even the permanent hills were subsiding, — Some of them being already o'ertopped by the incom- ing waters ! Filled with dismay, they believed they were doomed to the fate of the low-lands ; And they began to depart from the hard-fated coun- try by thousands. HARTFORD 81 Many, however, still dared to remain, and to watch the subsidance, — Trusting that mountains at least would be spared by omnivorous Ocean. Some too remained from the lack of the requisite means for removing. Steadily now the Island went down ; and steadily dwindled the people Till there was left a disconsolate, pitiful few of heart- broken Victims on top of the ridge of the western subsiding low mountains. Here they constructed a raft and some boats, and awaited the waters. Soon these were present, when, mounting the raft, and filling the small boats, Taking whatever provisions they'd painfully managed to gather, Trusting themselves to the winds and the waves, and the help of the Great Gods, Outward they pushed from the rock as 'twas finally totally covered ! Floating at random, they seemed for a day to remain withou moving; But on the next the furious wind which they specially dreaded, Coming from eastward, drove them away in despair and confusion Towards the proverbial region of manifold darkness and danger. Long they were driven, and suffered extremes in their perilous journey, But by taking the boats on board of the raft they pre- served them; And at the last the raft was aground on a shore that was vacant. Landing then here, they found that the country abounded in wild game ; 82 HARTFORD And there were treasures of fish in the numerous Lakes and the Rivers. Hence they concluded to settle down here, at least for a short time, While they should try to discover some happier region more inland. Cold was the climate ; and rough was the tedious Winter that followed ; And in the Spring they resolved to remove to some region more southward. Finding the River which comes so far from the promis- ing southwest, Upward they followed the course of the stream, and made frequent encampments Till they had gone some thirty days' journey beyond the vast high rock Where is now the great Fortress, and market for In- dian traders. There they found lands that were fertile, and other alluring conditions Such that they thought it was best their wandering life to relinquish. Here then they lived, and increased, and were specially prospered in fortune, — Giving their juvenile State the patrial name New Latuna. Long they had dwelt in security there when powerful Red-men, Coming from regions that lay still further to south and to westward, Struck them in fury, and shortly had almost entirely destroyed them ! Feeble the remnant that, driven away, turned back to the north-east. Still driven onward by constant attacks of the fu- rious Red-men, Scarcely a handful returned to the place where their ancestors landed. HARTFORD 83 Here they have lived ; and we, their descendants, are living and dying!' Such the traditions that came to my ears, and that filled me with wonder. Here without shadow of doubt were a Tribe of descend- ants remaining Of that great Hyperborean people so famous in old time ; For, comparing the Legends with Histories written by Greek men, No one can fail to perceive that Ambassador-Author Hovores Must be the great Hyperborean Author and States- man Abaris. Leaving the Sachem, I went to my lodge and began the translation, Putting the Indian Legends into presentable Latin. Scarce had I finished the task when I heard that the Sachem was dying ; And he was scarce in his grave when sickness invaded the people, — New and malignant, and proving not only distressing but fatal ; — Half of them died in a month ; and the others were feeble and drooping. Later I buried the last of the Tribe, and was left to my own care. Now I am feeling a terrible pain ; and my hand is un- steady ; Doubtless I'm sick ; and perhaps I am actually dying alone here, — None to lament and no one to bury Mac Fusson of Glen Mar." Listened the people with mingled emotions of doubt and of wonder Added to those of genuine sorrow and tender compas- sion. J 84 HARTFORD Much they applauded the Reader, and much the faith- ful Translator. Then they retired to their homes, and discussed the late Indian murders. BOOK IV. Sachem and Tribe had been driven from lands upon which they were living By the more powerful, covetous, quarrelsome Tribe of the Pequods. Fugitives, still maintaining their right to the land of their fathers, Quickly they turned to the promising friendship of neighboring English, — Asking them kindly to come and reside in that beauti- ful Valley — Offering many and weighty inducements to action of that kind. Colonists, learning the state of the case, felt perfectly certain That there was right on the side of their cordial gen- erous new friends While there was wrong on the side of the bloody and treacherous Pequods. Hence they determined to make an attempt to get homes in the Valley, — Buying the land from those they regarded as owners in just right, — Hoping to mollify threatening barbarous foes by their kindness. Vain was this hope ; for deep was the purpose and plot of the Pequods Horrible vengeance to take by a sudden and utter de- struction. Formerly coming from westward, they conquered the previous dwellers, Making them Subjects, or driving them out from the lands of their fathers, — Seizing the goodliest places for hunting and fishing and seeding. (85) 86 HARTFORD Widely they ruled over Tribes that then lived in the south of New England, — Even extending their sway to some parts of the distant Long Island, — Making, wherever 'twas heard, their name to be count- ed a terror. They from the first to the English incomers were bit- terly hostile, And were determined in some way to compass their extermination. Bent upon this, they endeavored to form an extensive alliance, — Hoping to use the whole power of the Indians to drive out the pale-face. In the pursuit of this scheme they had sent to the tribe Narragansett Chosen Ambassadors, — able and crafty and eloquent speakers, — Who should present to the Chiefs the most powerfully cogent of reasons Why they should join in the horrid conspiracy rapidly forming. Williams, the banished, at Providence, sent to the people of Boston News of the Indian plot ; and being requested, in sore need, Used his endeavors with skill and success to baffle the Pequods, — Making it seem as if God had designed through his pitiful exile Greatly to bless his mistaken and stupidily envious brethren Just as the Patriarch Joseph, when stupidly banished to Egypt, Was to his brethren the means of saving their lives from destruction. Dark was the chilly tempestuous day when the pio- neer started HARTFORD 87 All by himself in a rickety boat, on his perilous jour- ney Down the rough River and dangerous Bay, some thirty miles rowing, To the abode of the powerful Chief on whom all was dependent. Reaching the home of Canonicus, quickly he found that already Pequod Ambassadors were with the Sachem in close consultation ; And for three days Williams faced them in Council, re- butting their crafty Pleas, and dissuading the Chief from their urgently proffered alliance ; — Three days too was exposed to their murderous hatch- ets and long knives Which he had reason to fear would be turned upon him in their vengeance. Thwarted at last, the ambassadors went to their peo- ple in anger ; Williams, in safety restored to his home and his faithful companions, Grateful, gave thanks for the manifest blessing of God on his efforts, And in like manner continued his service unique for the English. Sassacus, crafty and subtle, the Chief of the Tribe of the Pequods, Though he had been unsuccessful in forming his pur- posed alliance, Yet was determined his ultimate end by some means to accomplish. Tribes that were subject to him were incited to mur- der the English When and wherever they found them alone, or not ready for fighting. He was blood-guilty, though often by artifice shunning detection. 88 HARTFORD Indian methods were cruel and cowardly, hateful and horrid. Lurking in ambush, they sought to surprise their vic- tims unthinking While they were busy in peaceful affairs, or were quietly sleeping, — Making of children, of women, and men, indiscrimin- ate slaughter. Finding a home some little removed from all shelter- ing neighbors, Stealthily coming in darkness of night, they would burn down the house, and Massacre all who attempted escape from the horrible burning. Tomahawks crashed through the skulls ; and scalps were their coveted trophies ; — Infants were dashed on the rocks or the trees in the sight of their mothers ; — Yet 'twas a boon to meet a quick death at the hands of the fiends who Often in torture displayed a rough ingenuity monstrous. Even the dead they would mangle and mutilate shamefully oft-times. Bold, and defiantly wearing the clothes of the victims they'd murdered, Impudent messages often they sent to the men in the Fortress, Saying that they could kill Englishmen off like mos- quitoes in Summer. Such were the things which the English endured at the hands of the Pequods. Lieutenant Gardiner scarcely had finished the For- tress at Saybrook When he was quarantined there by a practical siege by the Indians. Some of his men, sent out for supplies, were murdered and mangled ; HARTFORD 89 Others were captured, and made to endure the most horrible tortures ; Gard'ner himself, going out with some men, was seri- ously wounded. Mason with twenty good men was sent to Gard'ner at Saybrook ; And while he stayed the neighboring Indians were pru- dently quiet; But in the region above they continued their hostile in- cursions. Soon Captain Underhill also was sent by the Council at Boston Bringing to Saybrook as many for help as Mason had brought there. Blood-thirsty Pequods, in number a hundred, with some other Indians, Made an attack in the Indian style on the Wethersfield people. Lying in ambush, they rushed on the English while working their corn-fields, — Killing in malice a woman, a child, seven men, and some cattle, And as a crown of their infamy, carried two girls away captives. Lives of these girls were saved, it is said, by the wife of a Sachem; And they were rescued from bondage by Dutch of the Island Manhattan. Afterwards, left at the Fort, they were carefully ques- tioned by Mason, Who from them learned some facts in regard to the arms of the Pequods. Kindness shown to the captives by wife of the Sachem was counted Much in her favor when afterwards she was a captive in Boston. Mason, perceiving the terrible danger that threatened his own home, 90 HARTFORD Hastened to make with his men a quick march up the River to Windsor, — Underhill taking his place in defence of the Fortress at Saybrook. Opening Spring, the season of hope, and of joyful seeding, Brought to Connecticut Valley not joy, but a dismal foreboding. Deep was the gloom which pervaded and darkened the whole of the region Even in spite of the brilliant rays of the sun in his glory,— Even in spite of the woods and the meadows in beau- tiful verdure, — Even in spite of the loveliest flowers with their delicate odors, — Even in spite of the birds with their music and gorgeous plumage ! Time for the planting of corn had arrived ; but the corn was not planted ! Dangerous work was the planting; and small was the hope of a harvest ; Nothing could drive from the mind the dread of the rav- aging Pequod ! Nothing but war, it seemed, could meet the imminent danger. May-day came ; and a General Court was assembled at Hartford ; And the first thing that was done was declaring of war with the Pequod. Ninety men was the force they levied at once for the service, — This being nearly one-half of the previous total enrol- ment ; — Forty-two men was the quota required from the Colony Hartford ; — Thirty from Windsor were summoned, — the balance from Wethersfield coming. HARTFORD 91 Mason was made the Commander of all these sep- arate quotas ; Ample supplies of provisions were likewise presently levied ; Samuel Stone was selected to go with the Army as Chaplain ; Uncas, the Sachem, with seventy Mohegans, in league with the English, Came to take part in the movement against the enemy common. Scarcely nine days had elapsed when the Army was ready for marching. All were embarked, and began to descend the River to- gether ; But they were hindered by shoalness of water ; and Vessels were grounded, Making delay too tedious and vexing for Indian pa- tience. Uncas obtained permission to land with his men, and to march down, Joining the others again on arriving at Colony Say- brook. After a week the vessels arrived at the mouth of the River ; And it was found the Mohegans had fought with a party of Pequods, Killing a number, and capturing one of the insolent foemen, — One more completely a treacherous villain than most of his nation. Him in their Indian fashion they cruelly tortured for some time Till Captain Underhill ended his miserable life with a pistol. Waiting two days at the Fortress at Saybrook, when favoring wind came All were prepared to go on and accomplish their terrible mission. 92 HARTFORD Underhill offered to go, and his men, if they were per- mitted ; And the Commander, accepting their generous offer with pleasure, Sent twenty men of his own force back to assist as a home-guard. Onward at last the Army proceeded with resolute pur- pose. Mason had orders to land at the river on which is New London, — That is — to land in the very heart of the enemy's coun- try;— But for good reasons he thought it not best to follow instructions ; And, though dissenting at first, the others soon held this opinion. Passing the Pequods, they went to the shore of the Bay Narragansett, Where they conferred with the Chiefs of that Tribe ; and a force of two hundred Warriors joined them to make an attack on the Tribe which they hated. Leaving some men with the Vessels to bring them back quickly by water, Early the Army set out to march over land to the Pe- quods. Twenty miles covered, they came to a Fort of Ne- hantics at night-fall ; And to prevent any sending of news to the enemy's quarters, None were permitted to go from the Fort while the Army remained there. Next day, marching twelve miles, they came to the Pawcatuck fording, And, after resting, proceeded three miles to a very large corn-field. This they supposed to imply that the enemy's Fort must be near them. HARTFORD 93 Uncas informed them that two strong Forts were held by the foemen, — One some five miles farther away from them than the other. Greatly exhausted by labor of marching, by heat and privations, They with reluctance prepared to attack the nearer Fort only, — Leaving the other for subsequent closer and special attention. Guided by Uncas, they marched very cautiously half of the clear night, — Making their Camp for a two-hours sleep on a spot well protected, Having a swamp in the rear, and high rocks on the right and the left hand, Distant two miles from the enemy's Fort on the shore of the Mystic. Scouts in advance could hear the noisy rejoicing and yelling Those in the Fort kept up in their triumph till long af- ter midnight, — Thinking the English had passed them because they had feared to attack them. Long before day-light the English by moonlight were ready for marching. Coming in sight of the Fort, the Indian allies proved cowards, — Slinking to rear, and leaving the English to do all the fighting. Not very large or strong was the Fortress, much dreaded when far off, — Merely a common Stockade, inclosing two acres, or some less, — Having within it some seventy light and combustible wigwams ; — Two sally-ports were closed during night with logs and with bushes. 94 HARTFORD Nearing the foe unperceived, and making two parts of their forces, Mason with one part easily opened and entered the first port Just as Underhill likewise opened and entered the oth- er. Soon were the wigwams all in a flame ; and the slaughter proceeded ! Caught by the foe in the midst of their sleep, in a mer- ciless death-grip, Horrible vengeance was wrought ; and six hundred sav- ages died there ! Burnt was the Fortress ; and burnt were the more than seventy wigwams Which it inclosed as if for defence, but for real destruction. Partially burnt were the bodies of yesterday's clamor- ous foemen ; — Horrid the sight that offended the eyes of their friends in the morning Who from the other Fort came too late to take part in the battle! Three times a hundred, with impotent rage they be- held the grim ruins ; Then to attack the retiring victors they rushed in their fury. Bootless, however, their furious rage ; and nothing they gained so; — Harmless, their arrows fell short ; and none of them dared to come nearer. While it was burning the English surrounded the Fort at safe distance ; — Farther away the valiant Allies formed a great circle, — Thus intercepting the flight of some fugitives who were escaping. Seven escaped and carried the news of the battle to west Fort; HARTFORD 95 Seven were captured, and kept for some time in the hands of the English. Two of the English were certainly killed ; and twenty were wounded. Mason is said at one time to have been in imminent peril. One of the Indians at very close range had directed an arrow, And was just at the point of letting it fly at the Cap- tain When the string of the bow was cut by Orderly Da- vis ! Scarcely two miles from their principal river the harrassing Pequods Gave up the fight in despair of success, and turned sul- lenly backward. Mason in transport discovered his Transports ent'ring the Harbor! Coming on board, he found Captain Patrick of Bos- ton awaiting, Bringing men ready for vigorous service, and number- ing forty. Mason with twenty, and Patrick with forty men, marched over dry land, Sending the others with wounded and prisoners by water to Saybrook. Uncas went up with his men by the river to what is now Norwich. Mason at Saybrook disposed of his faithful and true Narragansetts, — Then took his men to their homes up the River in joy- ful triumph ! Now was the radiant light to Connecticut Valley re- turning ; Sad was the May; but now it was June in Windsor and Hartford. One little month had brought wonderful change in the state of the Country. 96 HARTFORD Neither the sun in his glory was veiled and obscured in a night-gloom, Nor was the beautiful verdure of grass and of foliage blackened, — Nor were the flowers with their wealth of ravishing colors and fragrance, Blooming in all their magical grace and their loveliness, frosted, — Nor were the birds with their music and gorgeous plumage repulsive. Now in the fields the farmer could labor in safety and much hope ; Now in their homes the people could rest not fearful of slaughter. Greatly the dwellers were moved to rejoicing and ac- tions of gladness ; Filled were the Churches with worshipers grateful and earnestly thankful, Praising the Lord for His goodness and mercy and wonderful favor ; Honors and thanks were bestowed upon those who had served in the Army, — Chiefly upon the Commander ; the gallant and valorous Mason. Hooker, the Pastor at Hartford, commended the work of the Army, Publicly giving them honor and thanks in an eloquent sermon. Nature put on her choicest finery to grace the occasion ; And the whole Valley seemed blest as a modernized Garden of Eden. Yet was the War not finished, but only its action sus- pended. Sassacus, holding one Fort, escaped the slaughter at Mystic; And, with the part of his Tribe remaining, concluded to go forth, HARTFORD 97 Making sojourn for a time with the Dutch on the banks of the Hudson. Burning their homes, and destroying their corn, they started then westward, And as they crossed Connecticut River, not much above Saybrook, Murdered three men whom they found in a little boat quietly sailing. This being known, 'twas determined to follow them up on their journey. Underhill with his Company having gone homeward to Boston, Stoughton with six score men was sent on a new ex- pedition ; And from Connecticut Mason was sent with forty to join him, — Stoughton "Commander in Chief," but Mason the real Commander. Still it was June when the forces began the pursuit of the Pequods, Sailing along by the northern shore up the Sound of Long Island. Uncas with some of his Tribe also followed by land near the Vessels, Scouring the country ; and finding a Sachem there lurking, they caught him, Cut off his head, and made it near harbor of Guilford, a land-mark. Passing the site of New Haven, they found an en- campment of Pequods Hid in a very bad swamp, and not at all easy of access. This the Army attacked ; and after some resolute fight- ing Forced the surrender of all the old men, women, and children. Twenty were killed in the battle ; and seventy warriors escaping 98 HARTFORD Followed their Chiefs, who had fled just before to the country of Mohawks. There not as Friends in distress, as they hoped, but as enemies treated, Sassacus died, and his brother, and ten other principal Sachems. Scalps of these were sent to the English at Hartford and Boston. Stoughton, returning to Boston, reported the loss of but one man Who from disease, and not from the enemy's weapons, had perished. Still there was left a scattering remnant of fugitive Pequods Who at the last surrendered themselves to the English as Vassals, And were ingrafted into the neighboring Tribes of the Red-men. Otherwise captives were slaves, and distributed over the Country. Poorly, however, they served, and soon died, ran away, or were set free. Sullen and insubordinate, some were thought dangerous servants ; — Hence there were fifteen boys and two girls sold off to Bermuda. Fate of them there is not chronicled duly by negligent writers ; — Yet is our wonderful "modern research" no longer at fault here; And by its singular aid we thus fill up the lacuna ; Doris and Lolo were names of the two girls sen- tenced to exile ; And of the boys were Neco and Madoc the names of the oldest ; Doris and Neco were children of Sachems, betrothed in their childhood ; HARTFORD 99 Lolo and Madoc were also betrothed, but when they were older. Reaching Bermuda the captives were sold to ten dif- ferent masters, And very soon were removed to their several distant Plantations. Doris and Neco were bought by one man, and made servants of house-work; Lolo and Madoc were separate far, and were driven to field-work, As in the sequel were all of the others in various places. Some of the boys succumbed to the climate, and died of diseases ; — Some were heart-broken in view of their fate, and soon perished from grieving; Others, worn out, were soon killed by their labor and various hardships ; Some ran away, and were hunted and shot like ravenous wild beasts. Doris and Neco were treated at first with something of kindness ; — Living as husband and wife, they helped and encour- aged each other; And for a while they even rejoiced at the birth of a Daughter. Not very long, however, this favoring fortune con- tinued. Sick was their merciful Master; and soon they were told he was dying. Presently then the estate, including the Slaves and the cattle, Passed to the hands of another whom every one knew as a tyrant. Doris soon died; and Neco was left alone with his daughter. Neco was patient, and suffered abuse without show of resenting; ioo HARTFORD But on a day when he saw his daughter knocked down by the tyrant, Seizing an ax, he cleft open his skull on the spur of the moment, And was soon taken and hurried to torture by tyrant's subalterns. Then the poor daughter was shamefully used, but had none to protect her. Madoc at first made careful research, and discovered his Lolo; Then he applied himself closely to work in behalf of his master, But was abused, and treated with scorn and contempt past enduring. Therefore he sought out a place in a swamp convenient for hiding, — Far from the home of his master, and never approached by the white men. Thither he made his escape in the night, and lay in concealment. Having a hatchet and knife, he could make his own bows and his arrows ; And with these he could furnish himself with pro- visions abundant, — Sometimes fishing, and sometimes foraging nightly in cornfields. Stealthily meeting with Lolo, he kept her informed of his movements ; And a long time in this way he continued to live as a hermit. Finally Lolo determined, escaping her keepers, to join him; And in the rudest of huts in the swamp they reveled in Freedom. Here too was born to the couple a son in this sylvan re- tirement, — Bringing them comfort, but making them also un- speakably anxious. HARTFORD 101 These were conditions of life so very exceedingly fearful They had no hope of maintaining their dismal conceal- ment much longer; Yet was the end more nearly approaching than they had suspected. Madoc one night returned to the lodge in a violent fever ; And in three days, spite of watching and care, was Lolo a widow ! Then Lolo buried her dead in the depth of the swamp with her own hands, — Burned down the lodge, and, taking her infant, returned to her master. There she continued to toil while her infant was growing to manhood, — Teaching him all the Traditions she'd learned from her husband and father, — Teaching him where she had formerly lived, and the fate of her Nation, — Bidding him take for a wife the daughter of Neco and Doris, — Bidding him seek for some chance to return to the land of his kindred. Such a chance came after Lolo had ended her life of sad fortune. Hannum, her son, and his wife, the last of their race in the Islands, Finally made their escape, and returned to the land of the Pequods. There they found some of their kin who remembered their fathers and mothers ; — There they continued to live, and were treated with kindness and favor ; — There at the last they were buried ; and relics, if any, remaining Rest on a hill of Mohegan in sight of the City New London ! 102 HARTFORD Mason returned to Windsor, and then was Com- mander at Saybrook, — Raised, for his many good services done, to the rank of a Major, — And was, still later, a principal founder of Colony Nor- wich. Granted, as part of his pay, the Island in harbor of Mystic Has until now remained in the hands of his lineal descendants. Closed was the war ; and the Colonists rested in peace with the Indians, — Peace that, with jubilant smile, for forty years was un- broken. During the war provisions were scarce ; and their price was increasing; And in the following winter the people encountered a famine. Terribly hard was the season ; and many succumbed to its rigor ; Most of the cattle were frozen and starved; and all faces were gloomy; But in the spring there came a supply down the River from Deerfield, — Indians coming with fifty canoes to Windsor and Hart- ford, — All of them laden with corn that was then so especially needed. Also a ship from Boston arrived with provisions abundant, — Bringing, besides, more people to aid in upbuilding the new town. These were a company goodly and strong, and headed by Hopkins, — Him who was specially honored, and frequently Gover- nor chosen. Grateful, the people gave thanks to the Lord for his wonderful goodness, — HARTFORD 103 Praising th' almighty Creator, whose mercy endureth forever ! Quietly, after the war, the Gen'ral Court, meeting at Hartford, Drafted a Document that was unique in political story ; And in the Winter ensuing the thing was adopted in due form As the prime Law of the Colony's Code, — a State Constitution ! None had existed before ; but this has been followed by many. All the States of the Union, and even the Union itself too, Have in the sequel adopted the form and the soul of this model. Hooker undoubtedly furnished the central and prin- cipal doctrine, — That the People have right to prescribe and establish their own Laws, And to require that the Magistrates rule in accordance with those Laws ! Here was the tomb of "divine right;" and here was "prerogative's" grave-yard ! This was the basis on which has been founded Ameri- can Freedom. Taught by the war a lesson of prudence, men turned their attention Earnestly now to a scheme of Colonial Cooperation. Hooker had urged this matter in vain a half-dozen years through ; But at the last he accomplished his laudable purpose completely. Hartford and Windsor and Wethersfield, usually act- ing together, Came to be reckoned and called the Connecticut Colony simply. Colony Bay, and Plymouth, New Haven, and Hart- ford, united 104 HARTFORD For the defense, security, peace, and repose of the peo- ple; Agawam, claimed by the Bay, by Connecticut duly was yielded. (Now it rejoices in the euphonious title of Springfield). Long were they hindered while much they debated the troublesome question : "What is the Court of final appeal in all matters per- plexing?" "Surely the people's directors" said Boston with Win- throp the leader; "Rather the people themselves" said Hartford with Hooker the thinker ! Fully to this decision the Country has come in its great- ness. This was a view which largely controlled the people at Newtown, — Leading them on to make the attempt to settle at Hart- ford. Forty years lasted the Compact, and rendered an ex- cellent service. (Little Rhode Island, left out in the cold, was rejected unfairly) ! This was precursor and model of greater Colonial Union Afterwards formed to resist the tyrannic oppressions of England. Efforts of Hooker and Haynes and Winthrop, assisted by others, Greatly were quickened by acts of the Dutch, and the war in the Home-land. Hartford was greatly perturbed by the questions re- lating to Churches, Which were most ably discussed in the numerous vol- umes by Hooker ; But even these were o'ershadowed at length by a ter- rible sickness HARTFORD 105 Falling alike upon English and French and Dutch and the Indians. Hooker, the well-beloved Pastor at Hartford, was prin- cipal victim ; And this loss, of itself, involved the Country in mourn- ing. Hartford lamented with grief that was real and hope- less and lasting! Hartford began with a building designed for a Church and a School-house ; — Hartford in growing has multiplied houses for Schools and for Churches. Cultured Religion from first to the last has furnished the motive Which has impelled the most of the people to definite action. Good Education has been the desire and the hope of the prudent Who have established and fostered the various Schools and the College ; And the results of their efforts have shown that they labored discretely. Much has the City been honored and blest by the work of her Teachers. Science has opened the way to the Arts, and to rational living. Always a home of the Arts, the City has treated them fairly, And has been richly repaid on their part for her moth- erly kindness. Music was first of Fine Arts to receive any special attention, And has continued secure in the favor of most of the people. Part of the worship in Churches, it always is studied and practised Much for the purpose of using in public and private de- votion ; — 106 HARTFORD Having a natural charm for the ears of all innocent chil- dren, Rightly it fills a prominent place in the home and the day-school ; Having a charm for the old and the young that grows with their culture, Music is fitly a helper in almost every amusement ; — Used with effect in all martial parades, and even in bat- tle, Music, in peace and in war, is an indispensable mo- tor. Hence almost every one some musical instrument uses. Purring Accordeons mostly have passed, and Melo- deons also, — Yielding their places of glory to modern Pianos and Organs ; But the old instruments still to be heard are too many to mention. Music, the Art of the people, not brought to perfection by any, Has in the City been followed to more than the usual attainment. Also the Arts of Design have been studied and prac- tised in earnest. Few are the Sculptors, indeed ; but more have made Drawing and Painting Means of expressing in visible forms the great beauty within them. Not with ambition to rival the fame of Athenian genius, But for the love of Art in itself have many thus la- bored. Numerous Poets here also have written their Verses immortal ; Orators too, more numerous still, have arisen in Hart- ford, — Making the place for earnest and genuine Eloquence famous ; — HARTFORD 107 But to Industrial Arts has been turned the most con- stant attention, — Making in these a success that is brilliant and wonder- ful truly. Countless Inventions of things that are useful in peace, and in war too, Indicate constantly active and laudably vigorous brain- power. This too is shown in historic research among ven'ra- ble Records, And in original grappling with intricate questions of Science, Added to more than the average attainments in all the Professions. Medical Art, unique in itself, has made rapid advance- ment, Proving a boon to many a weary and suffering patient. People of Hartford have been conspicuous lovers of Freedom. Freedom at first was the object they sought in their painful removing; Later they showed their spirit when Andros demanded the Charter; And they've remembered with pride the Charter pre- served in the Oak-tree. Long was the Tree preserved as an honored and sa- cred memento; And when it fell by the force of the wind, all its frag- ments were gathered, Stored up as treasures, and scattered to uttermost ends of the Nation. Afterwards when in grim Slavery's days fair Free- dom was threatened, Quickly they sent relief to the suffering people of Kansas ; — Then, when the bloody rebellion arose to dissever the Nation, — 108 HARTFORD All for the sake of destroying every vestige of Free- dom, — Hartford sent forth to assist in the struggle for na- tional Union Hundreds of brave and generous men, her comeliest children, Many of whom went down in the strife, and yielded their life-blood Nobly for sake of the cause of our beautiful National Freedom. Bitter the tears that were shed for their loss by their kindred and home-friends ; Sad was the mourning even of those who were personal strangers ; — But there arose the reflection : "How costly and pre- cious is Freedom !" "Woe worth the day" when the people of Hartford shall ever forget this ! Small the beginning, and slender the promise, of Hartford the new town ; But there was planted the genuine seed of all human improvement. Fairly it grew ; and at length it was called a colonial Small Town ; — Larger it grew until 'twas entitled a flourishing Large Town ; — Still it continued to grow and improve till a City 'twas reckoned ; — Then it was known as a City of culture, refinement, and learning ; — Afterwards, growing in wealth and in fame of its nu- merous merchants, Hartford was called a City of much commercial im- portance. When a young man first came to the place, he found it was larger Much than the other small Cities he'd seen in his lim- ited travels ; — HARTFORD 109 Coming again, he found it like seven such Hartfords united. Still is the Beautiful City progressing, and growing in favor. Hartford has also sent out her sons to the ends of the great earth, — Sending them forth to collect and bring back all treas- ures of learning, Treasures of Art and Historical Relics from coun- tries of Old World- Natural products required for purpose of study or teaching, — Wealth of all kinds afforded by regions of land or of Ocean ; — Sending them forth to convey in good will to the peo- ple less favored Treasures of Art and of Learning, and various lessons of wisdom, Civilization, and blessings of heaven-born Laws and Religion ; — Sending them forth to inculcate the principles taught in the Gospel, — Good will to others, with honesty, truth and justice in dealing, — Sending them out to impart the beautiful lessons of Freedom ! What shall the future disclose in the fate of our City of Hartford? Turnnig our eyes to the Magical Glass that is standing before us, Double the View that's presented in wonderful boldness of outline ; — Changing from one to the other design with a change in the view-point, looking from right, the City appears extensive and growing, — Reaching to north till Windsor entire is fairly includ- ed, — no HARTFORD Reaching to south till neighboring Wethersfield's whol- ly encircled, — Reaching to east till sands of East Hartford are con- quered completely, — Reaching to west till mud of West Hartford is con- quered entirely, — Busy and bustling and noisy, and constantly cheerful and lively, — Rich in appearance, and rapidly changing its fortune to richer, — Showing great buildings both public and private of wonderful splendor, — Showing a great City Hall near the center, — and tow- ering above it Words in great letters expressing the Public-policy Motto — Saying distinctly to every one "We are helping our Neighbors !" Looking from left, the City appears a moldering ruin, — Streets are deserted ; the traffic is gone ; the machinery idle ; — Stores are not opened ; the houses are crumbling ; the people in mourning Saving a few who are standing around the great Hall of the City Reading the lately adopted new Public-policy Motto — Saying distinctly to every one "We are helping our- selves now!" Changing the Motto has brought to the City the direst of changes ! Hartford shall grow with the flight of the years and the ages, Blessing and blest by her Arts and Inventions and mul- tiplied Commerce, — Honored and loved by the wise and the good of all peoples and Nations, HARTFORD in If she adhere in good faith to that noble and generous purpose Briefly and clearly expressed in the words "We are helping our Neighbors !" JAN g 1906