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 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 MILITARY INSTRUCTION 
 
 AND 
 
 WAR SERVICE 
 
 PRELIMINARY REPORT 
 

 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 MILITARY INSTRUCTION 
 
 AND 
 
 WAR SERVICE 
 
 Preliminary Report 
 
 OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY 
 
 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 December 1917 
 
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 The Early Instruction — The Princeton Battalion — 
 
 Military Training — The Intensive Courses — 
 
 The Aviation School — ^Faculty Action — 
 
 Commencement 1917. 
 
 On December 7, 19 14, the President of the University re- 
 ported to the University Faculty a request from the under- 
 graduate body for the organization of miHtary training. The 
 Faculty thereupon voted in favor of ofifering facilities for 
 voluntary military training to the students of the University; 
 such work to be conducted under the supervision of th? Uni- 
 versity and in accordance with rules and regulations to be 
 later decided upon. A special committee was appointed to 
 present the details of the plan contemplated, consisting of 
 Professor Raycroft, Chairman, and Professors Bowman, 
 Brown, Libbey, McClellan, Mather, and Silvester. 
 
 This Committee, known as the Faculty Committee on Mili- 
 tary Instruction, has for the past three years handled all ques- 
 tions connected with the courses in military training. It 
 recommended and organized the various lecture and intensive 
 courses; it examined physically all candidates for drill and 
 for the original aviation school; it arranged for all extra- 
 curriculum meetings and lectures on military subjects. Its 
 most valuable work probably — and the work for which it was 
 most unfairly criticized by many people — was its service as 
 a bureau of information and advice for inquiring under- 
 graduates seeking to enter one form or another of service. 
 During the excitement on the campus attendant upon the entry 
 of the United States into the war, this Committee sat con- 
 tinually and was able to persuade many students to avoid 
 hasty entrance into service ; it positively showed to many their 
 physical unfitness for service, and it acted as a brake on im- 
 pulsive temperaments in College seeking to do anything rather 
 than the duty of finishing their academic course. 
 
 In March, 191 5. the Committee laid before the University 
 
4 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 Faculty the following plan of organization of voluntary work 
 in military training. The Committee had made a very careful 
 study of the various systems of military training in use in 
 the colleges and universities in the United States. None of 
 these systems seemed adapted to the conditions which exist 
 at Princeton. The following plan was worked out in confer- 
 ence with representatives of the United States War Depart- 
 ment and particularly with General Wood, and combines real 
 educational value with particular military instruction. 
 
 I 
 
 A. A course of Open Lectures on the following and allied 
 
 topics : 
 
 1. A critical study of the military history of the United 
 States, with especial reference to the War of 1812, 
 Mexican War, Civil War and Spanish War, 
 
 2. A consideration of ways and means that will prevent 
 similar unnecessary sacrifice of lives and money in 
 any emergency that may arise in the future, 
 
 3. Our policy on the Pacific Ocean, 
 
 4. The relations of regular forces to militia reserves and 
 volunteers, 
 
 5. Types of ordnance, 
 
 6. Functions of supply department, 
 
 7. The use of various arms, 
 
 8. Military map making and reading, 
 
 9. Military hygiene. 
 
 These lectures were to be given one hour a week by officers 
 detailed by the War Department. 
 
 B. Tactical Excursions for the study of : 
 
 1. Offensive and defensive positions in a given location, 
 
 2. Trenches and trench building, 
 
 3. Bridge work — pontoons, etc., 
 
 4. Road building. 
 
 C. Practice in Rifle Shooting, both on indoor and outdoor 
 
 ranges. 
 
 The Faculty adopted a resolution approving the organiza- 
 tion of voluntary work in military training in Princeton Uni- 
 versity along the lines indicated in this report. 
 
 In January, 1916, students who had been to Plattsburg were 
 reported by the Commttee on Military Instruction as desiring 
 to arrange a series of lectures during the second term by 
 
WAR RECORD 5 
 
 Army ofificers on various phases of military topics, the series 
 to be initiated by a large public meeting at which the general 
 subject of preparedness should be discussed by a speaker 
 of prominence and authority such as General Wood. Later 
 in the same month, Assistant Secretary of War Breckenridge 
 accepted an invitation to open the series with an address, 
 General Wood was scheduled to speak ten days later, and 
 each week until the middle of April military lectures were 
 assigned. Thirty students had pledged themselves for the en- 
 tire course. Captain Gordon Johnston, Class of 1898, more- 
 over agreed to spend a week at Princeton in February to 
 confer with men interested in the summer military camps or 
 in subjects of military instruction. 
 
 Toward the end of February, 1916, it was proposed by the 
 Faculty Committee that the military instruction in Princeton 
 should be so shaped as to help fit men to qualify as officers, 
 and a sub-committee took the matter up with a view to cor- 
 relating the work done at Princeton with the work of the 
 summer camps. The attitude of the Committee on Military 
 Instruction and of the University in general at this time was 
 definitely expressed by the Committee in a statement issued 
 on March 7, 1916: 
 
 Military Instruction at Princeton University 
 In view of certain misleading comments from unauthorized 
 sources which have found their way into the public press con- 
 cerning military training at Princeton, the Faculty Committee 
 on Military Instruction desires to make the following state- 
 ment : 
 
 There is no military drill either of a voluntary or com- 
 pulsory nature in the University. There is no indication, 
 moreover, on the part of the Faculty or the students that mili- 
 tary drill would be desirable or feasible. 
 
 Military training under modern conditions involves two 
 fairly distinct elements : the one, intellectual ; the other, 
 physical. The first is deemed by the Committee, and by the 
 Faculty as a whole, to be a proper part of a university cur- 
 riculum ; the second should more fittingly be left to the Sum- 
 mer Military Training Camps. The Committee is supported 
 in this point of view concerning manual drill by the opinion of 
 
6 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 the United States Army officers with whom it has consulted. 
 
 After due consideration, the Faculty authorized more than 
 a year ago the institution of a course of lectures by Army 
 officers to furnish instruction on subjects of military signifi- 
 cance as well as of general educational value. Attendance on 
 these lectures was entirely voluntary. 
 
 Such a course of instruction has been instituted for the 
 second term of the current academic year with the under- 
 standing that as far as possible it shall be supplemented by 
 attendance at the Summer Military Training Camps where 
 an intensive technical training is provided under most favor- 
 able conditions. 
 
 A course of this sort must naturally be regarded at first 
 as more or less tentative in character. The Committee on 
 Military Instruction is therefore now endeavoring to mature 
 plans for a thoroughly well organized course of instruction 
 which in co-ordination with the Summer Camps and in har- 
 mony with the rest of the curriculum of the University, may 
 enable those students who may so desire, to prepare themselves 
 more efficiently to qualify in case of emergency as reserve 
 officers in a citizen soldiery. Until these plans shall be fully 
 matured and formally approved by the Faculty, it is obviously 
 impossible to make any definite announcement on the subject. 
 
 The Committee feels confident that it is the calm, deliberate 
 judgment of all members and friends of the University who 
 have given the matter earnest consideration, that in taking 
 these steps, Princeton is trying in obedience to its cherished 
 traditions to fulfill its obligation to the nation as well as to 
 the undergraduates on whose disciplined loyalty the country 
 in time of emergency must rely. 
 
 Signed: The Princeton University Faculty Committee 
 on Military Instruction. 
 
 By the end of March, 1916, the Committee had concluded 
 to recommend the establishment of a regular curriculum elec- 
 tive in Military Science. Accordingly, on April 3, 1916, the 
 Faculty approved the introduction of an upperclass elective 
 course to include general discussion of military history, or- 
 ganization, theory of tactics, and elementary strategy. This 
 was the first academic recognition in the history of Princeton 
 University of a course in military science to count toward a 
 degree. On June 5, 1916, the Faculty approved in detail the 
 course provided by the Committee. It will be noted that drill 
 was not included in the plan. 
 
WAR RECORD 7 
 
 The course was to deal with the more important wars, 
 campaigns, and battles; the military policy of the United 
 States, what it has been and what it should be ; and a series 
 of practical exercises on the map and on the ground, supple- 
 mented by selections from the official military correspondence : 
 Readings' from : Steele, American Campaigns; German Gen- 
 eral Staff, Boer War; British General Staff, Russo-Japanese 
 War; Upton, Military Policy of the United States; War Col- 
 lege Documents 9053-90, A Proper Military Policy for the 
 United States; Von der Goltz, Conduct of War; Studies in 
 Minor Tactics. Lectures, preceptorials and required reading ; 
 Junior and Senior elective ; both terms, three hours per week. 
 With the beginning of the academic year in October, 1916, 
 Captain (now Lieutenant Colonel) Stuart Heintzelman, U. S. 
 A., was detailed by the War Department for duty at Prince- 
 ton and immediately began the course of lectures planned for 
 three hours a week, and elected by forty students. By the 
 end of the term this number had increased to sixty. 
 
 February 5, 1917, on the severance of diplomatic relations, 
 the Committee on Military Instruction drew up a plan for the 
 formation of a Princeton Provisional Battalion under imme- 
 diate direction and command of Captain Heintzelman, with 
 drill to commence after mid-years. At a meeting of the Fac- 
 ulty held that day the President made a statement in regard 
 to the Battalion, and Captain Heintzelman explained the na- 
 ture of the work to be undertaken. 
 
 Meanwhile fifty of the sixty students taking the original 
 three hour lecture course had continued into second term and 
 a new class was organized in second term with one hundred 
 and fifty men electing it. 
 
 With the organization of the Provisional Battalion, and 
 the authorization of drill, eight hundred students enrolled to 
 take one hour of drill daily, five days a week. A company 
 was also organized at the Graduate College. 
 
 Meanwhile the Faculty, on March 19, had authorized the 
 President to appoint a committee on the promotion of scien- 
 tific research for national service; said committee to be com- 
 posed of from nine to twelve members drawn from the Fac- 
 ulty, the Alumni, and the Trustees of the University. 
 
8 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 At the same time, pursuant to suggestions issued through 
 the Intercollegiate Intelligence Bureau with the approval of 
 the Government, the Faculty also requested the President to 
 appoint a committee to take a military census of the alumni 
 and other members of the University with a view to ascertain- 
 ing what service they were qualified and willing to render 
 in case of national need. 
 
 With the coming of spring the drilling hitherto held in the 
 gymnasium was held out doors and was increased to six hours 
 a week. 
 
 It now had become evident that the University would have 
 to take academic cognizance of the military training in prog- 
 ress and planned, and of the fact that students were leaving 
 the University to enlist in spite of the fact that they had no 
 special training; and at a special meeting of the Faculty, held 
 March 26, 1917, the following resolutions were adopted: 
 
 1. That a senior who leaves the University this term and 
 is accepted for active service by the government be recom- 
 mended for his degree in June if his record of previous work 
 is complete. 
 
 2. That for a member of any of the other classes who 
 leaves for the same reason, arrangements be made that the re- 
 mainder of the term not completed be not required for gradu- 
 ation. 
 
 3. That such adjustments of the schedules of individual 
 students as might be necessitated by these resolutions be re- 
 ferred to the Committee on the Course of Study with power. 
 
 To meet the immediate situation, an intensive course of 
 military training was planned for those men who by age and 
 physical fitness might be considered as candidates for reserve 
 officers' commissions. 
 
 Moreover, the President and the Committee on Military 
 Instruction were requested to issue to parents of students a 
 statement setting forth the plan and purpose of the arrange- 
 ments made by the University for military training. The 
 statement follows : 
 
WAR RECORD 9 
 
 Statement Concerning Policy and Plans of Princeton 
 University at the Present Crisis 
 
 Appreciating the fact that the parents and guardians of 
 our students who have entrusted them to our care are naturally 
 desirous of knowing the purpose and extent of the military 
 training which is now made available to our undergraduates, 
 it has seemed wise to make the following statement. 
 
 As a national university, Princeton, as in the past, considers 
 that its duty is not merely to provide higher liberal education 
 but also to prepare its students to render the most effective 
 service to their country. In the present crisis therefore the 
 University aims to cooperate in every way with the national 
 government. It has placed at the disposal of the latter its 
 laboratories and the services of its men of science, and is af- 
 fording its members all possible opportunities to prepare them- 
 selves to be of the highest usefulness in that branch for which 
 they may be best qualified. It will further endeavor to adapt 
 its future plans to meet the needs of the government in the 
 event of war. 
 
 University Work. Should war be declared, there is no in- 
 tention of closing the University. Work will continue 
 very much as usual though certain adjustments in the 
 curriculum will be made to enable certain students under 
 military training to qualify as officers for national service. 
 For others the university work will continue without 
 change. 
 
 Military Training. The University believes that in view of 
 their training and equipment students can render the most 
 effective service to the nation in time of war as officers or 
 special experts in various lines rather than as privates. 
 The plans of the University are therefore directed to 
 this end. 
 
 Reserve Officers' Training Corps. The University has ful- 
 filled the requirements prescribed by the War Department 
 for the organization of a unit of the Reserve Officers' 
 Training Corps. It aims to afford every facility to stu- 
 dents desiring to qualify for the Officers' Reserve Cori)s. 
 
 Instruction. Captain Stewart S. Heintzelman of the United 
 States Army has been detailed by the War Department 
 to give military instruction in the University and to super- 
 vise all work of a military character. It is expected that 
 other officers will be detailed by the War Department to 
 assist in this work. In addition to the military drill, Cap- 
 tain Heintzelman has been giving to Juniors and Seniors 
 
lo PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 a course throughout the year on "Military History, Pol- 
 icy, and Minor Tactics." This course counts as any other 
 course towards a degree. An advanced course has also 
 been authorized. In addition, plans are being made for 
 the giving of special courses outside of the regular cur- 
 riculum which may be required by students who desire 
 to qualify as officers or for other war service. 
 
 Vrill. There is no intention to form a Princeton battalion as 
 a fighting unit. Opportunities for drill six or more hours 
 a week are afiforded to give men individually the training 
 required for effective service in any branch of the national 
 forces. It aims particularly to provide special oppor- 
 tunities for those who wish to qualify as officers. This 
 drill is voluntary. 
 
 Aviation. Through the generosity of friends of the University 
 special opportunities will be afiforded students who may 
 desire to train themselves for aviation service. Only those 
 who have obtained the written permission of parents or 
 guardians, and are physically fitted and otherwise qualified 
 for this work, will be permitted to take instruction in 
 aviation. 
 
 Red Cross Service. Members of the University who may de- 
 sire to qualify for Red Cross service will be given special 
 opportunities for training in this branch. 
 
 Degrees and Credits. While no specific announcement is pos- 
 sible at this time, the University will unquestionably take 
 the appropriate action necessary to prevent any injustice 
 in the matter of credit for university work and the grant- 
 ing of degrees in the case of students called into the na- 
 tion's service and compelled to leave the University before 
 the end of the academic year. 
 
 Advice to Students. In view of the policy and plans of the 
 University as outlined, students are advised to refrain 
 from hasty enlistment in case of war. They are urged 
 to avail themselves of the opportunities for military train- 
 ing which the University ofifers. Pending future develop- 
 ments and the formulation of the plans of the Government 
 in the event of war, the University will endeavor to aid 
 its members by preparing them for the most useful work 
 they may be able to undertake. General Leonard Wood 
 has advised that "The men at Princeton stay where they 
 are, follow their college work and push their military in- 
 struction to the limit under Captain Heintzelman. The 
 situation has not developed to the extent which in any 
 way justifies their leaving college or trying to volunteer 
 at the present time." Not only will all students be given 
 
WAR RECORD ii 
 
 the best possible facilities for training, but also they will 
 be given all necessary information and advice by compe- 
 tent military and university authorities. In order to pre- 
 vent students from taking hasty and ill-advised action, the 
 University bespeaks the cooperation of their parents. 
 
 Supervision of Military Training. The supervision of all ques- 
 tions relating to military training and instruction in the 
 University lies in the hands of the President and a special 
 Faculty Committee on Military Instruction. Any in- 
 quiries in this connection should be addressed to Captain 
 Heintzelman or Professor Raycroft. 
 
 (Signed) John Grier Hibben, 
 
 Princeton, N. J. President. 
 
 March 29th, 1917. 
 
 At the same meeting, March 26, 191 7, it was voted that the 
 question of giving academic credit for the three afternoons 
 of drill at that time scheduled for members of the Provisional 
 Battalion be considered by the Committee on the Course of 
 Study. On April 2, the Committee reported to the Faculty 
 and it was voted that students regularly engaged in military 
 training in the Provisional Battalion with a view to becoming 
 reserve officers as soon as opportunity offered, be relieved of 
 one three hour course of their regular schedule ; and that men 
 who left Princeton for service in Ambulance or Y. M. C. A. 
 work should be treated with respect to graduation or to credit 
 for a term's work as those who entered military service. 
 
 On April 9, the Faculty voted that students eligible for the 
 Reserve Officers' Training Camp be permitted to substitute 
 for their regular academic studies the intensive course of mili- 
 tary training averaging, besides drill, five hours a day, six days 
 a week, in preparation for the reserve officer examinations. 
 This course was taken by 141 students of whom 100 completed 
 it successfully. 
 
 The course was organized in the following manner : 
 
 Administration 2 hours per week, 
 
 Field Service Regulations 6 
 
 Topography 10 
 
 Drill Regulations 4 
 
 Tables of Organization i 
 
 Small Arms Firing Regulations.. 5 
 
 Law 2 
 
 30 hours. 
 
12 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 On April 23, a second intensive course of 138 men was 
 formed for the same purpose and 'J2 successfully completed 
 the course. At this time there were over one thousand stu- 
 dents and graduates taking either the intensive courses or the 
 courses in military science and drilling. More than 30 volun- 
 teers from the Faculty were assisting Captain Heintzelman, 
 giving lectures, conducting quizzes and preceptorials, or super- 
 vising squads on the field. 
 
 On May 14, a third intensive course was organized with 145 
 men, of whom 102 successfully completed the course. The 
 statistics of the three intensives at Princeton are: 
 
 1. 140 students 100 successful 
 
 2. 138 students 72 successful 
 
 3. 145 students 102 successful. 
 
 The outlines used in the military courses were published 
 in the Daily Princetonian, the uniforms and textbooks were 
 secured through the Princeton University Store, and the Gov- 
 ernment supplied the rifles and other equipment. 
 
 To check hasty and ill considered enlistment which threat- 
 ened the University a sub-committee of the Committee on 
 Military Instruction was ordered to issue a statement which 
 appeared in the Daily Princetonian of April 11, 1917. The 
 sub-committee was continued and sat daily as already stated 
 acting as a bureau of advice, information and consultation for 
 students contemplating enlistment. The published statement 
 follows : 
 
 The Faculty Committee on Military Instruction believes 
 it to be most urgent that students should carefully consider 
 all possible opportunities for increased usefulness and advance- 
 ment before definitely choosing the special branch of military 
 service they may desire to enter. 
 
 It should be apparent that when a man enlists as a private 
 in a Militia company he has a limited chance for advancement 
 as a member of that organization. So likewise in local Bat- 
 teries. The aviation service offers very large opportunities 
 for usefulness though not for high preferment. The Naval 
 Coast Defense Guard, while rendering essential and most 
 meritorious service, presents limited opportunities for advance- 
 ment and usefulness. The highest rank obtainable is that of 
 Ensign, which is equivalent to that of Second Lieutenant in 
 the Army. 
 
WAR RECORD 13 
 
 The various branches of the Army, whether in the In- 
 fantry, Cavalry, Field Artillery, Coast Artillery, Engineers, 
 or Signal Corps, present no such restrictions. The only limit 
 on advancement and opportunities for greater service is the 
 limit of the personal capacity of the candidates for com- 
 missions. 
 
 The University authorities, therefore, feel entirely war- 
 ranted in encouraging as many students as possible to avail 
 themselves of the facilities furnished by the University to 
 qualify as members of the Officers' Training Corps. It is 
 believed that in this way they will be able without undue haste 
 to determine wisely in just what ways they can render the 
 nation the most effective service, and utilize to the best ad- 
 vantage their special training and aptitudes. The test should 
 be, not immediate service, but the most effective service. 
 
 Notwithstanding, by April 16, 1917, at least 153 students 
 had left college and were distributed as follows : 
 
 Newport (Naval Reserve)... 95 Essex Troop 3 
 
 Manhattan Beach 2 U. S. Navy 2 
 
 U. S. Coast Artillery i Annapolis i 
 
 U. S. Signal Corps i Battery H, Indiana i 
 
 Co. L, 2nd Regt., N. G. N. J.. , 20 American Ambulance i 
 
 U. S. Marine Corps il Newport News, Va 3 
 
 Coast Patrol 4 Aviation 6 
 
 Troop A, N. G. N. J 3 New York, Squadro.i A i 
 
 Battery A, Baltimore 8 
 
 153 
 This list is not complete. 
 
 Early in April the Committee on Military Instruction defi- 
 nitely took up the question of aviation which it had been con- 
 sidering informally for several weeks, and at its meeting of 
 April 8, Mr. James Barnes, Class of 1891, now Major in the 
 Signal Corps, was present and outlined the arrangements for 
 privately financing an aviation school. Mr. Marshall Mills, 
 Class of 1902, was appointed Superintendent. Three instruc- 
 tors and four planes were provided. The work done proved 
 so efficient that of the 45 Princeton students in the School, 
 26 are now abroad in flying schools or in actual service ; while 
 others entered Government schools. 
 
 On April 2.^, the Faculty authorized the Committee on Mili- 
 tary Instruction to formulate and put into operation a course 
 of study for those students who passed the physical examina- 
 tion for the aviation corps which should be the equivalent of 
 
14 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 the course of study followed by the students enrolled in the 
 R. O. T. C, and it was also voted that students regularly re- 
 ported as enrolled in the aviation school be relieved from at- 
 tendance on their academic schedule in the University and be 
 treated as students enrolled in the R. O. T. C. as regards credit 
 for the term's work. 
 
 In connection with the progress of military affairs on the 
 Campus, the University Faculty on April 27, 191 7, unani- 
 mously adopted the following resolution endorsing the prin- 
 ciple of universal liability to military service : 
 
 The Faculty of Princeton University, assembled in the room 
 in which on August 26, 1783, Washington received the grate- 
 ful acknowledgments of the Continental Congress for his serv- 
 ices in establishing American Independence, desires to put on 
 record its approval of the principle of universal liability to 
 military servce, so earnestly recommended by him. 
 
 The Faculty regards the argument of Washington's report 
 of August 20, 1780, to the Continental Congress, against the 
 volunteer system, against dependence on State militia, and in 
 favor of conscription, as being entirely pertinent to the exist- 
 ing situation and as possessing even greater cogency because 
 of present circumstances. It is even more evident now than 
 then that it is the true policy of America not to content her- 
 self with "temporary expedients" but to resort to "a peremp- 
 tory draft" ; that "the consumption of provision, arms, ac- 
 coutrements, and stores of every kind" is greatly accelerated 
 by dependence upon casual levies ; that "calls upon the militia 
 have interrupted the cultivation of the land, and of course 
 have lessened the quantity of its products, occasioned a 
 scarcity, and enhanced the prices" ; that "had we formed a 
 permanent army in the beginning" the country would have 
 been spared great misfortunes, and "the enemy would have 
 had nothing to hope for" ; that if the army is put upon a re- 
 spectable footing "nothing will tend more to give peace the 
 ensuing winter" ; and that "the surest way to make a good 
 peace is to be well prepared for war." 
 
 This advice of Washington, so prophetic in its terms, so 
 clear in its exhibition of national duty, is the voice of wisdom 
 and patriotism, appealing to the honor and conscience of our 
 people and their representatives in Congress at the present 
 crisis. 
 
 Copies of the resolution were sent to the Chairmen of the 
 House and Senate Military Committees in Congress at that 
 time debating the Draft Bill. 
 
WAR RECORD 15 
 
 Further adjustments for students leaving College before the 
 end of the term to enter service were adoptd May 7, 1917, 
 and it was also agreed that candidates for the Freshman Class 
 in September should in the discretion of the Entrance Com- 
 mittee be exempted from entrance examinations and be ad- 
 mitted in September on trial if they had been in military 
 service. Twenty-eight men were so admitted in September. 
 
 The following table shows the distribution of Princeton 
 students in war service or training as of June 13, 1917: 
 
 Department Class of 1920 1919 1918 1917 Qual. Total 
 
 Officers' Training Camps 3 32 45 81 12 173 
 
 O. R. C. (Princeton Intensive) 4 24 34 43 14 119 
 
 American Ambulance 24 33 20 23 4 104 
 
 Coast Patrol (S. S. "Corsair") i i i i i 5 
 
 Coast Patrol (Newport Station)... 5 42 26 24 6 103 
 
 Coast Patrol (other stations) 28 7 6 3 2 46 
 
 Dr. Lloyd's Hospital Unit 2 15 10 3 4 34 
 
 Aviation Corps 5 12 6 18 3 44 
 
 Y. M. C. A. (England) 2 2 3 6 i 14 
 
 Y. M. C. A. (Egypt) i i 
 
 Y. M. C. A. (U.S.A.) I I 2 
 
 State Militia 3 6 2 ir 
 
 Battery A of Baltimore, Md 512 19 
 
 Co. L, N. J. N. G 4 I 3 I 9 
 
 Medical Corps 3 3 2 ■ 3 11 
 
 U. S. Navy . . . . : 2 2 4 
 
 U. S. Cavalry i i 
 
 U. S. Marines i i 3 5 
 
 U. S. Engineers i i i 3 
 
 Quartermaster Corps i 2 3 
 
 Naval Reserve i 4 5 
 
 Naval Defense Corps 2 2 4 
 
 Miscl. Work 7 4 10 8 2 31 
 
 93 190 173 232 53 741 
 
 Students in Officers' Training Camps June 13, 1917 
 
 Camp 1920 1919 1918 1917 Qual. Total 
 
 Fort Myer •. n 13 33 5 62 
 
 Benjamin Harrison i 3 5 I3 22 
 
 Niagara 5 6 9 20 
 
 Sheridan 4 6 5 3 18 
 
 Plattsburgh 3 4 7 H 
 
 Fort Madison i i 3 5 i n 
 
 Riley 3 i 2 6 
 
 Snelling 2 2 i 5 
 
 Root I I 2 4 
 
 Oglethorpe i 3 4 
 
 Presidio 2 i 3 
 
 F rt McPherson i 2 3 
 
 Sam Houston i i 
 
 3 32 45 81 12 173 
 
i6 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 The records in the office of the Dean of the College show 
 that beside the 741 men who left College for war service, 653 
 participated in the military drill or other military instruction 
 under Captain Heintzelman. 
 
 Thus, out of an undergraduate enrolment of 1409 in 1916- 
 17, 1394 were either in some form of actual service, or were 
 drilling, or were receiving military instruction of one sort or 
 another. Several members of the Faculty were members of 
 the Battalion. 
 
 On the declaration of war all organized extra-mural ath- 
 letics were discontinued, and the schedules of the musical 
 clubs and the Triangle Club cancelled, not only because of 
 the absence of members but because the interest and time of 
 the undergraduates were fully occupied by the military activity 
 outlined above. 
 
 At the last meeting of the Faculty before Commencement, 
 plans were brought in for military training during the ensuing 
 academic year, and the following report, moved by Professor 
 Raycroft, Chairman of the Committee on Military Instruction, 
 was adopted : • 
 
 Your Committee has given careful consideration to those 
 questions which affect the policy of the University in the mat- 
 ter of instruction in military science during the coming year. 
 
 We think that the value of the work accomplished during 
 the past term has warranted the serious disruption of the reg- 
 ular schedule which has resulted. We believe that the Uni- 
 versity has a continuing responsibility in this matter which it 
 should try to meet during the period of the war. We feel, 
 however, that careful planning will enable the University to 
 fulfill its military obligation to its students and to the country 
 without any serious interference with the regular academic 
 program. 
 
 There is at present a provision in the curriculum for two 
 elective courses in military science, one for juniors and one 
 for seniors. In our opinion these two courses should be sup- 
 plemented by provision for practical work for all classes ac- 
 cording to the following recommendations : 
 
 I. That the University shall provide practical extra-cur- 
 riculum courses to supplement the regular Junior and Senior 
 Electives in Military Science, so that those electives shall ful- 
 fill the requirements of G. O. 49 of the War Department, ac- 
 
WAR RECORD 17 
 
 cording to law passed June 3, 1916, which specifies that these 
 courses shall be three hours theoretical and two hours practical. 
 
 2. That the University shall provide courses of two hours 
 practical and one hour theoretical work which may be elected 
 to satisfy the physical education requirement of the Freshman 
 year, and as an extra-curriculum course for the Sophomores, 
 but which shall be obligatory for those Sophomores who take 
 this Freshman course. 
 
 3. That students of proper military age and physical condi- 
 tion be allowed to take a military course from a higher year 
 as an extra course. The Committee on Course of Study shall 
 have power to deal with conflicts which may arise in such cases. 
 
 In pursuance of these plans. Major Herbert H. Sargent, 
 U. S. A., detailed to Princeton by the War Department for 
 the purpose, has been appointed Professor of Military Science 
 and Tactics and is in charge of all military instruction and drill 
 in the University, succeeding Captain Heintzelman. 
 
 Moreover, with a view to preparing men for the Naval Re- 
 serve, courses in Navigation and Seamanship have been in- 
 stituted, and the Navy Department has detailed Lieutenant 
 E. B. Nixon, U. S. N., to take charge of lectures on Ordnance 
 and Gunnery, especially for men in College who are already 
 members of the U. S. Naval Reserve. 
 
 The character of Commencement was very different from 
 that of former years. The Class Day exercises were held Fri- 
 day afternoon, June 15, before a small audience, the amphi- 
 theatre not being erected. The graduating exercises of the 
 Class of 1917 were held on Saturday morning, many members 
 of the Class returning for the occasion on leave of absence and 
 in uniform. Of the 282 members of the Class who received 
 their degrees, 231 were already in active service or preparing 
 to enter service. 
 
 At ceremonies held on the steps of Nassau Hall on Satur- 
 day afternoon, the honorary degree of LL.D. was conferred 
 on the Secretary of State, Mr. Lansing, and on the ambassa- 
 dors and ministers of the Allied Nations — the French Am- 
 bassador, the British Ambassador, the Italian Ambassador, 
 the Japanese Ambassador, the Portuguese Minister and the 
 Belgian Minister. The Serbian Minister was unable to be 
 present. The honorary degree of LL.D. was also conferred 
 
i8 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 on Mr. Hoover, head of the Commission for ReHef of Bel- 
 gium, with which a particularly large number of Princetonians 
 had been actively associated. The honorary degree of A.M. 
 was conferred on Captain (now Lieutenant Colonel) Heintzel- 
 man, who had been called into active duty. 
 
 After the exercises the alumni and guests proceeded to the 
 lower campus and witnessed an exhibition of military man- 
 oeuvres by the Princeton Battalion and of flying by members 
 of the Aviation Corps. 
 
 The Baccalaureate Sermon was delivered on Sunday as 
 usual. 
 
 II 
 
 The American University Union in Europe 
 
 Provision for the welfare of college men serving in Europe 
 had been considered by individual institutions early in the 
 spring and summer, leading in July to the formation of the 
 American University Union in Europe, with Continental head- 
 quarters in Paris. Mr. Henry B. Thompson, of the Board of 
 Trustees of Princeton University, is Princeton's representa- 
 tive on the Board of Trustees of the Union, and is also 
 Treasurer. 
 
 The purposes of this organization are : 
 
 1. To provide at moderate cost a home with the privileges 
 of a simple club for American college men and their friends 
 passing through Paris or on furlough ; the privileges to include 
 information bureau, writing and newspaper room, bedrooms, 
 baths, social features, opportunities for physical recreation, 
 entertainments, medical advice, etc. 
 
 2. To provide a headquarters for the various bureaus al- 
 ready established in France by representative American uni- 
 versities, colleges and technical schools. 
 
 The Union has established headquarters at the Royal Palace 
 Hotel, Place du Theatre Frangais, Paris, and a branch office 
 in London at i6 Pall Mall, East, S. W., i. Professor Paul 
 van Dyke, Class of 1881, was placed in charge of the Prince- 
 ton Bureau in the University Union and arrived in Paris early 
 in August. He has since been appointed Secretary of the 
 Executive Committee of the Union. 
 
WAR RECORD 19 
 
 The chief objects of the Princeton Bureau are: 
 
 1. To keep an address list of all men with Princeton con- 
 nections, in France and as far as possible in other European 
 allied countries, 
 
 2. To be of service to the parents and friends of Princeton 
 men in answering inquiries regarding them. 
 
 3. To cooperate with the American Clearing House in send- 
 ing parcels to Princeton men at the front, 
 
 4. To visit the sick and wounded in hospitals, 
 
 5, To communicate with the families of Princeton men re- 
 garding casualties, and to advance money for relief in special 
 cases, 
 
 6, To attend to purchases • and other commissions for 
 Princeton men at the front, 
 
 7, To aid Princeton men in all cases where advice and as- 
 sistance are needed in dealing with the American Embassy, 
 French officials, Red Cross, etc. 
 
 8, To cooperate with the University authorities and other 
 Princeton organizations in all ways which have to do with 
 looking after the interests of Princeton men engaged in mili- 
 tary, relief. Red Cross, Y. M. C. A. and other forms of service 
 in connection with the war. 
 
 Professor van Dyke carried with him a list of names and 
 addresses with emergency addresses of some 300 Princeton 
 men abroad. This list has been added to by nine successive 
 bulletins, and now (December 5) contains 666 names. Addi- 
 tional bulletins are sent to him every week or ten days, and 
 he reports all new names registered at the Union. Already 
 he has been able to be of great service to Princeton men in 
 France and to anxious parents in America. The cordial re- 
 sponse from parents on tl^ijside to the circulars announcing 
 the organization of the Unii^'indicated that its formation was 
 one of the most important steps taken by our universities in 
 connection with the war. The ofifice of the Secretary of the 
 University in Nassau Hall is the local Princeton office of the 
 Union, where all communications and inquiries should be ad- 
 dressed to Professor V, L. Collins, local representative of the 
 Union. 
 
 The financial backing for this enterprise will, it is hoped, 
 be secured by the dues of supporting universities, colleges and 
 institutions of leai^ning. Each individual bureau in the Union 
 
20 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 is, however, responsible for its own budget. The Princeton 
 Bureau, at which Professor Paul van Dyke is the official 
 Princeton representative, is supported by voluntary contribu- 
 tions, to secure which an appeal signed by President Hibben, 
 Mr, Thompson, Treasurer of the Union, and Mr. Hope, Chair- 
 man of the Graduate Council, was issued to all alumni. The 
 response to this appeal was gratifying, but will not be sufficient 
 for the needs of the Bureau.* 
 
 The numerous letters received from parents of Princeton 
 boys abroad show how deeply the work of the Union is ap- 
 preciated by those on whom* anxiety is heavily weighing. 
 
 Mr. Gordon G. Sikes 1916 has been appointed assistant to 
 Professor van Dyke at Paris. 
 
 Ill 
 The Princeton Summer Military Camp 
 Early in the spring of 1917, the Committee on Military In- 
 struction discussed the feasibility of continuing military in- 
 struction through the summer, and in April a formal proposal 
 was made to the Secretary of War by the University that the 
 dormitories, dining halls, and grounds of the University be 
 placed at the disposal of the War Department, under condi- 
 tions to be agreed upon, for use as an establishment for the 
 intensive training of men for officers' commissions. It was 
 pointed out that the dormitories could accommodate 2200 or 
 more, the dining halls could seat 1200, and twice that number 
 in two groups ; that beginning early in June until early in 
 September the entire plant of the University could be used; 
 that in September when tentage and other camp equipment 
 might be available the grounds surrounding the University 
 would continue to be available as long as might be necessary; 
 and that the large acreage, generous railway and other trans- 
 portation facilities, good drainage and water supply, and the 
 rolling and variegated nature of the surrounding country all 
 seemed unusually well adapted for military training exercises. 
 This physical equipment and the organization in military train- 
 
 *For the convenience of those who wish to aid in the support of 
 the Bureau, a subscription form is enclosed. 
 
WAR RECORD 21 
 
 ing already established were ofifered to the Government with 
 the idea that they might be of real service in providing good 
 working and living conditions for men in training for com- 
 missions, until such time as the equipment and organization 
 of the regular training camps should be perfected. 
 
 The War Department, however, was unable to accept this 
 offer. 
 
 In May, Colonel A. R. Kuser, of Bernardsville, N. J., advo- 
 cated warmly to President Hibben the advisability of having 
 the University consider the extension of military training 
 throughout the summer vacation. The Faculty Committee on 
 Military Instruction gave the proposal its heartiest approval. 
 President Hibben then authorized Professor H. B. Thompson 
 to proceed in the matter with the result that in June Colonel 
 Kuser handed to Mr. Wintringer, the Secretary of Business 
 Administration erf Princeton University, a check for a suffi- 
 cient amount to finance the project. President Hibben ap- 
 pointed the following Advisory Committee in charge of the 
 camp : 
 
 ADVISORY COMMITTEE 
 
 Governor Walter E. Edge, Chairman, 
 
 Ex-Governor Franklin Murphy, 
 
 Ex-Governor E. C. Stokes, 
 
 Chas. W. Barber, Adjutant General of New Jersey, 
 
 C. Edward Murray, Quartermaster General of New Jersey, 
 
 Lt.-Col. W. G. Sciiauffler, Surgeon General of New Jersey, 
 
 Calvin N. Kendall, State Commissioner of Education, 
 
 Col. A. R. Kuser, 
 
 Melvin A. Rice, President State Board of Education, 
 
 Bvt. Maj.-Gen. E. P. Meany. N. G. N. J., 
 
 Col. E. A. Stevens, 
 
 Wallace M. Scudder, 
 
 John Grier Hibben. President Princeton University, 
 
 J. Ross Stevenson, President Princeton Theological Seminary 
 
 Lindley M. Garrison, Former Secretary of War, 
 
 James A. O'Gorman, Former U. S. Senator, 
 
 M. Taylor Pyne, 
 
 C. Ledyard Blair, 
 
 Joseph E. Raycroft, 
 
 Geo. C. Wintringer, 
 
 R. M. Anderson, 
 
22 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 James Kerney, 
 
 Thos. M. McCarter, 
 
 C. B. Mitchell, 
 
 Col. Myron W. Robinson, 
 
 Henry D. Thompson, Secretary. 
 
 Governor Edge consented to act as Chairman of this Com- 
 mittee, George C. Wintringer was appointed Treasurer, and 
 Henry D. Thompson, Secretary. 
 
 An Executive Committee was selected from these names, 
 consisting of President Hibben, Chairman, Ex-Governor 
 Murphy, Ex-Governor Stokes, Adjutant Gen. Barber, Lt.-Col. 
 Schauffler, Commissioner Kendall, Gen. E. P. Meany, Col. 
 A. R. Kuser, and H. D. Thompson, Secretary. 
 
 The camp was authorized to be held from June 25 to Aug. 
 18, 1917. On June 11 the Governor of New Jersey issued the 
 following statement : 
 
 "New Jersey will vigorously support this very commendable 
 enterprise. The State has furnished the National Government 
 with thousands of National Guardsmen, many of whom are 
 already enrolled in the Federal ranks. I feel that the estab- 
 lishment of the New Jersey Summer Military Camp will like- 
 wise be the means of furnishing the Government with trained 
 men. Capable instructors will be furnished by the State, and, 
 if available, by the United States Government. It is expected 
 that the eight weeks' course will also include rifle practice on 
 the Sea Girt range. 
 
 "The high moral environment of Princeton is so well known 
 that the opportunity offered the young men to be associated 
 with this camp needs no further endorsement." 
 
 And after the opening of the camp, the following official 
 approval was received from the Hon. Newton D. Baker, Secre- 
 tary of War: 
 
 "Hon. Walter E. Edge, Governor of New Jersey, Trenton, 
 
 N. J. 
 "My dear Governor : 
 
 "Your letter of the 8th inst., with reference to securing the 
 official approval of the War Department of the establishment 
 of the New Jersey Summer Military Camp at Princeton, is 
 at hand. 
 
 "The organization of the Summer Military Camp at Prince- 
 ton University, to be conducted under the auspices of that 
 institution, with the aid and joint control of the State author- 
 
WAR RECORD 23 
 
 ities of the State of New Jersey, has the approval of the War 
 Department. 
 
 "The instruction of young men in miUtary subjects as pro- 
 posed in this instance is recognized for its great value in con- 
 nection with the organization of the National Army. Some of 
 the men who attend the Summer Military Camp may be ad- 
 mitted to the second training camps by being selected as part 
 of the quota of their home states, but the principal value seems 
 to be the prospect it offers of finding in the drafted army a 
 larger number of men with previous training, and presumably 
 qualified for appointment as non-commissioned officers. 
 "Sincerely yours, 
 "Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War." 
 
 The University offered without charge for the use of the 
 Camp, grounds, dormitories, kitchens, dining halls, gymnasium, 
 infirmary, and other buildings. In addition the Princeton 
 Theological Seminary also offered its buildings although it 
 proved unnecessary to use them. The Government deposited 
 with the University 776 rifles and the State of New Jersey 
 repaired, enlarged and improved the rifle range used by Com- 
 pany L of Princeton. 
 
 It being found necessary to have the skeleton of a military 
 establishment. President Hibben appointed Professor Rad- 
 cliffe Heermance of the Department of English and Assistant 
 Professor of Military Science and Tactics, as Captain and 
 Adjutant, and Professor R. K. Root, of the Department of 
 English, as Captain of one of the companies. The camp was 
 also fortunate in securing the services of Captain Swentzel 
 of the National Guard of New York, Captain Augustus Dohm, 
 Class of 1900, formerly of the National Guard of New Jersey, 
 Captain M. S. Farr, Class of 1892, formerly of the National 
 Guard of New Jersey, Captain Brown and Lieutenant Massey, 
 Canadian officers invalided home from the front, and in addi- 
 tion, for teaching topography, etc., the following men who 
 had had experience in instruction during the intensive courses 
 offered by the University during the spring: B. F. Howell, 
 Class of 1913, of the Department of Geology, James Creese, 
 Class of 1918, H. F. Armstrong, Class of 1916, R. H. Barks- 
 dale, A.M. 1917, A. P. Giraud, A.M. 1917, G. R. McPherrin. 
 
24 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 Class of 1910, H. Bullock, Class of 1917, J. H. Stevens, Class 
 of 1917, and R. W. Tickner, Class of 1917. Mr. Frederick T. 
 Dawson, Class of 1910, was placed in charge of physical ex- 
 ercises. 
 
 The State appointed for duty at the camp the following 
 officers and enlisted men: Major Gaskell, Captain S. M. Dick- 
 inson, Class of 1905, Lieutenant Colonel Schauffler, Surgeon 
 General of the State, Colonel William Libbey, Class of 1877, 
 Captain Dunphey, and Lieutenant Douglas. 
 
 On July 2 the Federal Government sent to Princeton Major 
 S. M. Rumbough, U.S.A., as Commandant, and a few days 
 later Captain W. E. Dove, U.S.A., as Inspector-instructor. 
 
 From the detailed report on the Summer Camp prepared 
 by the Secretary of the Executive Committee, Professor H. D. 
 Thompson, the following closing paragraph may be quoted. 
 
 "The morale of the battalion throughout the encampment 
 was very high. The earnestness and seriousness brought to 
 the work were strongly manifested in this as in the practically 
 complete absence of extraordinary or unusual disciplinary pun- 
 ishments. It is believed that those who have supported it 
 throughout may feel assured that the instruction during these 
 two months was most highly beneficial to the battalion and 
 that in the future service which will be rendered by these men 
 who participated, these efforts will meet with their full re- 
 ward." 
 
 The following tables indicate the representation by States, 
 by Colleges and by Schools of the men attending the camps, 
 together with their ages : 
 
 Representation by States 
 
 Alabama 4 Minnesota 2 
 
 Connecticut 8 Missouri 2 
 
 Delaware I New Hampshire 3 
 
 District of Columbia i New Jersey 151 
 
 Florida i New York 50 
 
 Illinois 2 Ohio 3 
 
 Indiana i Pennsylvania 46 
 
 Kansas i Rhode Island i 
 
 Kentucky i Virginia 3 
 
 Massachusetts 14 West Virginia 3 
 
 Maryland 8 ^ 
 
 306 
 
WAR RECORD 
 
 25 
 
 Under- 
 
 Colleges Grad. grad. 
 
 Princeton 27 37 
 
 Harvard 3 4 
 
 Lafayette 6 i 
 
 Yale 5 
 
 Cornell 2 3 
 
 Univ. of Pa 4 
 
 New York Univ i 2 
 
 N. J. Law School 3 
 
 Columbia i i 
 
 Dartmouth i i 
 
 Oberlin 2 
 
 Rutgers i I 
 
 Bucknell i 
 
 Clark University — i 
 
 Colgate I 
 
 Georgetown i 
 
 Gettysburg i 
 
 Haverford i 
 
 Mass. Inst. Tech 
 
 Notre Dame 
 
 I 
 I 
 Sum] 
 
 Penn State i 
 
 Stevens Tech i 
 
 Swarthmore i 
 
 Syracuse i 
 
 Wash. & Lee i 
 
 50 69 
 
 Under- 
 
 Schools Grad. grad. 
 
 St. Paul's (Concord) 15 10 
 
 Blair 2 8 
 
 Groton 3 6 
 
 St, George's 3 4 
 
 St. Mark's 4 3 
 
 Lawrenceville i 3 
 
 Pomf ret i 3 
 
 High Schools 29 25 
 
 Various Academies... 33 38 
 
 158 98 
 
 College Graduates 
 
 do. Undergraduates 
 
 School Graduates 
 
 do. Undergraduates 
 
 50 
 J69 
 
 98 
 
 119 
 
 256 
 
 375 
 Names repeated 69 
 
 Grand Total 
 
 Age in June, 
 1917 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 Representation by Age 
 
 Number of 27. . . 
 
 Men 28... 
 
 ...13 29... 
 
 ...53 30... 
 
 ...73 31. ■■ 
 
 ...41 32... 
 
 ...31 34- •• 
 
 ...15 36... 
 
 ...17 38... 
 
 ...6 40... 
 
 ...13 42... 
 ... 7 
 ... 9 
 
 306 
 
 306 
 
 IV 
 
 The United States School of Military Aeronautics 
 Early in June the War Department designated Princeton, 
 as one of the Government Schools of Military Aeronautics, 
 
26 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 having accepted President Hibben's previous offer of the Uni- 
 versity buildings and equipment for any use to which they 
 might be put. The School v^as opened July 3 with Major 
 A. H. Gilkeson, U.S.A., in charge as Commandant. 
 
 The object of this School is to give an eight weeks' intensive 
 ground course in the following subjects: Theory of Flight 
 including Rigging and Care of Aeroplanes; Operation of 
 Aeronautical Engines; Principles of Cross Country and Gen- 
 eral Flight; Use and Care of Rapid Fire Machine Guns; 
 Telegraphy and Wireless; Aerial Observation; Military 
 Studies and Military Drill. After graduation the students 
 are sent to one of the Government Aviation Fields or abroad 
 for instruction in flying. 
 
 The University entered into a contract with the U. S. Gov- 
 ernment to supply this instruction and President Hibben ap- 
 pointed Professor van Ingen, of the Department of Geology, 
 head of the teaching staff. 
 
 The School as originally planned was to have a maximum 
 of two hundred students, but as the aviation work of the Gov- 
 ernment developed this number has been gradually increased. 
 At present the School is operating on a maximum of five hun- 
 dred and fifty and later in December will be increased to seven 
 hundred. Three dormitories, Patton, Cuyler and Brown Halls, 
 are being used as barracks and part of the University Dining 
 Halls as a mess hall. The military drill is conducted on Poe 
 and Brokaw Fields and parts of the following buildings are 
 being used for the lectures and laboratory work : Guyot Hall, 
 Palmer Physical Laboratory, School of Science building and 
 Civil Engineering Laboratory. 
 
 The increase in the School has made it necessary to erect 
 two one-story wooden buildings for the use of the Aeroplane 
 and Gas Engine Divisions. These buildings are now in course 
 of construction on that part of the Campus south of Guyot 
 Hall, and will be ready for occupancy sometime during the 
 month of December. The building for the Aeroplane Division 
 is 44 ft. wide by 317 ft. long and that for the Gas Engine 
 Division is 35 ft. wide by 300 ft. long. 
 
 Included in the corps of instructors (which now numbers 
 
WAR RECORD 27 
 
 nearly fifty) are the following members of the University 
 staff: Assistant Professor McCabe, of the Department of 
 Economics; Mr. K. H. Condit, Class of 1913, of the Depart- 
 ment of Civil Engineering; Mr. B. F. Howell, Class of 1913, 
 of the Department of Geology, and Mr. Roswell Davis, Super- 
 intendent of Grounds and Buildings; and the following grad- 
 uates and undergraduates : Class of 1910, Messrs. G. R. Mc- 
 Pherrin and E. H. Bergen; Class of 1914, R. A. Bullock, R. 
 W. Bauhahn and Edward Sampson; Class of 1916, P. G. 
 Giffin ; Class of 1917, C. P. Johnson, Harrison Bullock and 
 J. H. Stevens; Class of 1918, Jarvis Cromwell and Van R. 
 Halsey; Class of 1919, F. B. Christmas. 
 
 In addition. Lieutenant J. D. Beggs, Class of 1908, and 
 Lieutenant D. G. Barnhouse, partial 191 7, are in charge of 
 the Quartermaster's Department of the School. 
 
 Major Gilkeson was recalled by the Government on Sep- 
 tember 14 and Captain Rodman Gilder, U. S. R., was de- 
 tailed as Acting Commandant and Lieutenant Cortlandt W. 
 Handy, Class of 191 1, as Adjutant. Captain Gilder was trans- 
 ferred on October 26 and Major Dana H. Crissy, U.S.A., was 
 detailed as Commandant. Mr. Geo. H. Bonsall, Class of 191 5, 
 is secretary to the Commandant. 
 
 V 
 
 Princeton War Record 
 
 The effect of the war on the University enrollment is very 
 patent in the contraction of numbers in the undergraduate 
 body and in the absence of members of the Faculty. 
 
 Of the Faculty in 1914, seventy-nine, or over 36 per cent, 
 are in actual service of one sort or another, thirty-three being 
 in the army or navy. The University Catalogue this winter 
 will show an absentee list of over forty. Others are serving 
 the Government partly in Washington and partly in Prince- 
 ton; several have been in service during the summer but are 
 now back in Princeton. 
 
 About 550 undergraduates did not return to College this 
 Fall. A circular enquiry was sent to their parents or guardians 
 asking for their whereabouts. Up to December i, 387 replies 
 
28 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 had been received which revealed the fact that 375 of the 
 absentees are in actual service or training, 3 have left College 
 for private reasons, 4 have tried to enter service and have been 
 rejected, 4 have since returned to College, and one is sick. 
 
 The following comparative tables of the enrollment of the 
 present senior, junior and sophomore classes as affected by 
 the war speaks for itself : 
 
 Class of 1918 1916-17 1917-18 
 
 A.B 82 31 
 
 Litt.B 158 48 
 
 B.S 30 6 
 
 C.E 17 8 
 
 287 93 
 Class of 19 19 
 
 A.B 99 51 
 
 Litt.B. or B.S 218 103 
 
 C.E 34 5 
 
 351 159 
 Class of 1920 
 
 A.B 84 52 
 
 LittB. or B.S 258 182 
 
 C.E 32 18 
 
 374 252 
 Total Undergraduate Enrollment 
 
 Seniors 22,7 93 
 
 Juniors 287 J59 
 
 Sophomores 351 252 
 
 Freshmen 374 246 
 
 Specials, QuaHfying, etc. . . 60 43 
 
 1409 793 
 
 At their June meeting the Board of Trustees ordered the 
 collection and preservation of Princeton war records. A Com- 
 mittee, of which Professor V. L. Collins is Chairman, was 
 appointed consisting of all Class Secretaries ; other members 
 to be added from time to time. 
 
 This action of the Trustees was immediately announced by 
 the Secretary of the University in a statement from which 
 the following extracts are taken: 
 
 Purpose. The purpose is to collect for preservation in the 
 archives of the University, and, if deemed advisable, for ulti- 
 mate publication, the record of Princeton's part in the Euro- 
 pean War. 
 
 Long before the United States entered the War Princeton- 
 
WAR RECORD 29 
 
 ians were active in military service in Europe, in medical 
 service, in relief work, and in ambulance and Y. M. C. A. 
 work. 
 
 When the United States entered the War many Princeton- 
 ians were in the Militia, and hundreds of others began courses 
 in military and naval training, a large proportion of whom 
 have since joined Reserve Officers' Training Corps, the Avia- 
 tion Corps, the Marine Corps, and the Signal Corps, the Naval 
 Reserve and the Medical Reserve ; others are in Government 
 service either in research or administrative work ; many others 
 will be drafted into the Army. 
 
 The names of all these men, whether in training or in actual 
 service and in whatever field, either at home or abroad, should 
 be given place in Princeton's War Record. 
 
 We shall eventually wish to have the complete war record 
 of every Princetonian serving — the unit with which he served, 
 the important engagements in which he took part, and any 
 particular service he may have rendered. A number of our 
 men have already been cited by the French War Office and 
 we shall wish a complete record of these citations and of others 
 undoubtedly to follow. 
 
 Material. There is no restriction as to the kind of material 
 that should be sent in, provided it concerns Princeton or 
 Princetonians in the War. Constant vigilance will be neces- 
 sary so that no item may escape, and nothing should be con- 
 sidered too trivial. 
 
 For your guidance I mention some of the items that are 
 desired : 
 
 a. Full names. 
 
 b. College class. 
 
 c. Rank, regiment, etc., or similar record. 
 
 d. Personal records from the men themselves. 
 
 e. Personal letters (or copies) to family, friends, or Class 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 f. Diaries. 
 
 g. Newspaper clippings (with names and date of paper), 
 h. Personal photographs. 
 
 i. Photographs of persons and scenes. 
 
 j. Memorabilia (e.g. permits, passes, passports, documents, 
 
 etc., relating to Princetonians). 
 k. War relics (e.g. weapons, etc.) collected by Prince- 
 tonians. 
 Headquarters. The headquarters of the Committee on War 
 Records will be the office of the Secretary of the University, 
 Nassau Hall. Princeton, New Jersey, where all data, informa- 
 tion and material should be sent and where it will be sorted. 
 
30 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 filed and indexed. Individual war records will be placed in 
 the files of the General Biographical Catalogue. Relics will 
 be placed in the University War Collection. 
 
 While Class Secretaries will of course hold themselves pri- 
 marily responsible for the service records of their classmates, 
 they should not fail to note and send in, carefully dated, all 
 passing newspaper references to the war activities of other 
 Princeton men that may come to their attention. 
 
 Material at once began to come in which was incorporated 
 with the material already collected to date in the office of the 
 General Biographical Catalogue. 
 
 Since the opening of the present college year this material 
 has been largely increased, a card catalogue system has been 
 installed, with filing cabinets for letters and other material, 
 and every day new material in the shape of reports, letters, 
 clippings, photographs, etc., is being received in the Office of 
 the Secretary of the University. 
 
 But the data for any fairly complete computation of the 
 number of Princetonians who are or have been in service 
 are of course not yet available. The dislocation of class or- 
 ganizations due to the war has hampered the machinery for 
 gathering class statistics. Class secretaries have in some cases 
 entered active service themselves and have neglected to turn 
 their class afifairs over to substitutes, rendering it extremely 
 difficult to get class statistics; and scores of men in service 
 have not been reported. The figures quoted hereafter are as 
 of December 5 and are only temporary. 
 
 It may be noted that the Ivy Club has compiled a list of 
 its members who are or have been in service, numbering 182. 
 Whether other clubs have undertaken such a compilation is 
 not known at this writing, but the record of the Ivy Club is 
 a fair index of the general activity of Princeton alumni in the 
 national service at this time. 
 
 According to the records at this date (December 5) on file 
 in the Office of the Secretary of the University, 2470 Prince- 
 tonians are in the service of the country, of whom 666 are 
 abroad. 
 
WAR RECORD 3i 
 
 ^^ :::::::: '^i Scross (Exec) •::.::::: '36 
 
 Marines'::::::."...... 4? Federal Unumformed .... 74 
 
 Aviation ^^«* 
 
 Medical and Ambulance... 39i 
 Y. M. C. A 80 
 
 State Ununiformed 22 
 
 Relief 46 
 
 Total 2470 
 
 The following Princetonians have received distinctions in 
 war service: 
 
 DECORATIONS 
 
 Chevalier of the Legion of Honor 
 
 Abram Piatt Andrew. Jr., '93. Major, Director General of American 
 
 Ambulance Field Service, France. 
 
 Knight Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy 
 
 Jesse Benedict Carter '93, Italian Relief, died at Cervignano, Italy, 
 
 July 20, 1917. 
 
 Chevalier of the Order of the Crown of Belgium 
 Melvin Adams Hall 'xo Captain General Staff Second Army Brit- 
 ish Expeditionary Force. Recommended for Military «^ross. 
 Distinguished Service Order 
 George Wright Glover, Faculty, Second Lieutenant. Rifle Brigade, 
 British Army. 
 
 French War Cross and Military Medal 
 Robert Patterson Lamont '19. An^^rican Ambulance Field Service. 
 .ohn'^Wanck NewliA '^^/AmeHcl Ambulance Field Service. 
 ^%Xr^Augu^stl!"9i7. f?om wounds received in action. 
 
 French War Cross 
 William Macdonough Agar 'i,, American Ambulance Field Serv.ce. 
 
 ^i.ras^'^fe'^a;;r^i.iw£rCtmiH^=n^kt\?sr>ie,d 
 
 Robm'Davis McDougal, Jr., '.9, American Ambulance Field 
 
 cSr^L'^r ;iurirr 4"=^!'^---= -- 
 
 Earl' Dodge Osbom '.S, American Ambulance Field Service. 
 
 dHStSe=^xSwf^iii:;"ce. 
 
32 PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 
 
 Rees Townsend Scully '09, Section Chief, American Ambulance 
 
 Field Service, Cross with palms. 
 Henry Dyer Moore Sherrerd '17, American Ambulance Field 
 
 Service. 
 Henry Burling Thompson, Jr., '20, American Ambulance Field 
 
 Service. Wounded in action. 
 Edward Davis Townsend '05, American Ambulance Field Service. 
 Herbert Pell Townsend '10, American Ambulance Field Service. 
 John Sylvester Woodbridge '18, American Ambulance Field Service. 
 Cornelius Wynant '18, American Ambulance Field Service. 
 
 Serbian Red Cross Decoration 
 Ethan Flagg Butler '06, Serbian Relief. 
 
 DIED IN SERVICE 
 
 William Rogers Beal '18, killed Sept. 11, 191 7, in France, in an acci- 
 dent on a train to Paris. American Red Cross Ambulance 
 Service. 
 
 Jesse Benedict Carter '93, died at Cervignano, Italy, July 20, 1917, 
 while making arrangements for an American officers* con- 
 valescent home on the Italian front. 
 
 Eric Anderson Fowler '19, killed in France, Nov. 26, 191 7, while 
 training in American Aviation Corps. 
 
 James Wilson Gailey '17, killed in France, July 29, 1917. Member 
 of American Ambulance Field Service in France. 
 
 William John Hallimond '10, reported missing after the battle of 
 Ypres, 1915, and not heard from since. Lieutenant, 2nd Bat- 
 talion, 1st Infantry Brigade, 1st Canadian Contingent, Expedi- 
 tionary Force, France. 
 
 Lawrence Dean La Monte '96, wounded by shrapnel, July i, 1916, 
 in France. Died at the 22nd General Hospital, France, July 
 13, 1916. 
 
 Warden McLean '12, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., June 29, 1917, 
 from injuries caused by fall from his horse. Second Lieuten- 
 ant, R. O. T. C, Fort Oglethorpe. 
 
 John Verplanck Newlin '19, wounded August 3, 191 7, by a shell; 
 died August 5, 1917. American Ambulance Field Service. 
 
 Edward Cuthbert Piatt, Jr., '01, killed in action, Nov. 7, 1917, in 
 France. Lieutenant, 244th Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary 
 Force. 
 
 John Prentiss Poe, Jr., '95, killed in action, Sept. 25, 1915, in France. 
 Corporal in the Black Watch, British Expeditionary Force. 
 
 James Sanford Price '08, killed in action, Sept. 12, 1916, in France. 
 Lieutenant in the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. 
 
 John Van Wicheren Reynders, Jr., '17, killed Nov. 4, 191 7, -by fall 
 from hydroairplane, while training at Naval Aviation Station, 
 Bay Shore, L. I. 
 
 Donald Neil Campbell Ross '17, died in France, Nov. 30, 1917, from 
 wounds received in action. Lieutenant, Royal Field Artillery, 
 Canadian Expeditionary Force. 
 
 Samuel Graham Wilson '76, died July 2, 1916, at Tabriz, Persia, of 
 fever contracted in relief work.