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 INDEX 
 
 Large numerals indicate prominent features of views 
 
 American Geographical Society, 26 
 
 American Museum of Natural History, 22 
 
 American Real Estate Company, 17 
 
 Amusements, Hi 
 
 Apartments, 20 
 
 Appellate Court, 5, 17 
 
 Applied Design for Women, School of, 23 
 
 Aquarium, 5. I t-l.'> 
 
 Armories, 26 
 
 Art Museum, 22 
 
 Assay Office, 6 
 
 Astor Hotel, 10, 19 
 
 Arthur, Chester A., Statue, 24 
 
 Banana Palms, 25 
 
 Band Stand, 5 
 
 Barge Office, 5 
 
 Barnard College, 23 
 
 Battery, 5, U-l.> 
 
 Bay, 9 
 
 Bears, 25 
 
 Belnord, 20 
 
 Belvidere Tower, 5 
 
 Bethesda Fountain, 25 
 
 Boat Pond, 25 
 
 Borough Hall. Bronx, 4 
 
 Borough Hall, Brooklyn, 4 
 
 Borough Hall, Queens, 4 
 
 Borough Hall, Richmond, 4 
 
 Botanical Gardens. Bronx, :t'> 
 
 Botanical Museum. 22 
 
 Bow Bridge. 13 
 
 Bowling Green, (», 17 
 
 Bridges, 1.1 
 
 Broadway, i, s, it, lo, 17, is 
 
 Broadway Tabernacle, 21 
 
 Bronx, 4 
 
 Bronx Park, IS, ,'0, 2>y 25 
 
 Bronx River, 13 
 
 Brooklyn, 4 
 
 Brooklyn Bridge, 13, U-15 
 
 Budget, City, >h 
 
 "C. W. Morse.** Steamer, 12 
 
 Carnegie, Andrew, Residence, 20 
 
 Castle Garden, '» 
 
 Central Park, 3, I.i, ii), iiy 25 
 
 Chelsea Piers, 1 3 
 
 Churches, 2 1 
 
 Church of Transfiguration, 21 
 
 City Government, V 
 
 City Hall, 4 
 
 City Hall Park, ;J, 4, n 
 
 City Investing Building, 8, 1 1-13 
 
 City Prison, 5 
 
 Clark, W. A., Residence, 20^ 
 
 Clearing House, 7, 38 ' ' 
 
 Clubs, ?)i 
 
 College of the City of New York, 23 
 
 Colleges, 2:1 
 
 Columbia University, 23 
 
 Commerce, 27 
 
 Criminal Courts, 5 
 
 Cunard S. S. Company, 12 
 
 Curb Brokers, 7 
 
 Custom House, 6, 14-15 
 
 Deer, 25 
 
 Delmonico's, 19 
 
 De NX'itt Clinton High School, 23 
 
 Dutch Gardens, 25 
 
 East River, 13, u-i:. 
 Elephants, 25 
 Elks Club, 26 
 
 Falls, Bronx River, 25 
 Federal Buildings, 6 
 
 Federal Hall, fi 
 
 Ferns, 25 
 
 Fifth Avenue. 1 7 
 
 Fifth Avenue Building, 17 
 
 Fifth Avenue Homes, 20 
 
 Financial Institutions, 
 
 Financial Statistics, 28 
 
 Flat-Iron Building, 17 
 
 Fort Amsterdam, li 
 
 Forty-Second Street, 1 7 
 
 Fraunce's Tavern, 19 
 
 "George Washington," 12 
 
 Gimbel Bros., 18 
 
 Giraffes, 25 
 
 Gotham Hotel, 17 
 
 Grand Central Station, I 1, 17 
 
 Grant's Tomb, 24 
 
 Hale, Nathan. Statue, 24 
 
 Hall of Records, 5 
 
 Hendrick Hudson Memorial Bridge, 13 
 
 "Hendrick Hudson," Steamer, 12 
 
 Herald Building. 10 
 
 Herald Square, 10 
 
 Hippodrome, 26 
 
 Hotels, 1!», 2.S 
 
 Hudson River Day Line, 12 
 
 Hudson Terminal, 8, U-IS, I« 
 
 Hudson Tunnels, 1 I, 17 
 
 Immigrants, J 
 
 Institute of Arts and Sciences, ll-l.*i 
 
 Jamaica Bay, 14-15 
 
 Knickerbocker Trust Co., 17 
 
 Lady of Guadaloupe, Church, 2 I 
 
 Liberty Statue, 24 
 
 Liberty Tower, 8, 14-15 
 
 Library, 22 
 
 Lily Pond, 25 
 
 Lion House, 25 
 
 "Little Church Around the Corner," 2 1 
 
 Lorillard Mansion, 20 
 
 Macy's, in, IS 
 
 Madison Avenue Church, 17 
 
 Madison Square, 5, 17, 24 
 
 .Madison Square Garden, 17 
 
 Manhattan, I, I 1-1.'> 
 
 Manhattan Bridge, 13, I t-i:. 
 
 Manhattan Hotel, 17 
 
 Manhattan Opera House, 26 
 
 Manhattan Street Viaduct, 1 I 
 
 Manufactures, 27 
 
 "Mauretania," Steamer, 12, 14-15 
 
 Metropolitan Building, 16, 17 
 
 Metropolitan Bvirlding, Views from Tower, 1 6 
 
 Metropolitan Museum of Art, 22 
 
 Metropolitan Opera House, li> 
 
 Monuments, 24 
 
 Morgan, J. P. & Co., 7 
 
 Morgan, J. P., Residence, 20 
 
 Morris High School, 23 
 
 Municipal Building, 3, 14-15 
 
 Museums, 22 
 
 National City Bank, 7 
 
 Natural History Museum, 22 
 
 Netherland Hotel, 17 
 
 New Theatre, 26 
 
 New York & New Jersey Bridge, 13 
 
 New York Life Insurance Building, U-15 
 
 New York University, 23 
 
 Night and Day Bank, 17 
 
 North German Lloyd S. S. Co., 12 
 
 Obelisk, 22 
 Ocean Parkway, 25 
 
 "Parkhurst," Church, 17 
 
 Parks, 25 
 
 Pennsylvania Station, 10, is 
 
 Pennsylvania Tunnels, 10 
 
 Plaza, 17 
 
 Plaza Hotel, 17, 19 
 
 Police Headquarters, 5 
 
 Population, 14-15, i~ 
 
 Porter. Gen. Josiah, Statue, 24 
 
 Post Office, 6, 2S 
 
 Prospect Park, 14-15, 24, 25 
 
 Public Buildings, 5 
 
 Public Library, 22 
 
 Queens, 4 
 
 Queensboro Bridge, 13, \t\ 
 
 Residences, 20 
 Richmond, 4 
 
 St. John The Divine. Cathedral, 2 I 
 
 St. Michael's Church, 21 
 
 Sf. Patricks Cathedral, 21 
 
 St. Regis Hotel, 17 
 
 St. Thomas' Church, 21 
 
 Savoy Hotel, 17 
 
 Schools. Js 
 
 Schwab. Charles M., Residence, 20 
 
 Seventh Regiment Armory, 26 
 
 Seventy-First Regiment Armory, 26 
 
 Sherman Statue, 17, 24 
 
 Sherry's, 19 
 
 Siegel Cooper Co., IS 
 
 Sigel, Franz, Statue, 24 
 
 Singer Building, 9, 11-15 
 
 Skating, 20 
 
 Skyscrapers, s, u-i5, 16 
 
 Soldiers' and Sailors* Arch. 24 
 
 Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, 24 
 
 Steamships, 12 
 
 Stock Exchange, 7 
 
 Stores, Is 
 
 Sub-Treasury, 6 
 
 Subway, 1 1 
 
 Temple Bethel, 21 
 Thoroughfares, 1 7 
 Tiffany's, 18 
 
 Times Building, in, 17, 19 
 Times Square. IH 
 Tombs, 5 
 Traffic Squad, 5 
 Trinity Church, 7 
 
 Union Dime Savings Bank, 7 
 
 Union Square, 17. 24 
 
 Union Theological Seminary. 2.3 
 
 Van Cortlandt Mansion, 20 
 Van Cortlandt Park, 25 
 Viaduct, Manhattan Street, 1 1 
 
 Waldorf Astoria Hotel, 17, 19 
 Wall Street, 6, 7, I v-15 
 Wanamaker's, 18 
 Wapiti, 25 
 Washington, (>, l!i 
 Washington Arch, 24 
 Washington Bridge. 13 
 Washington Statue, 24 
 Whitehall Building, 8. 11-15 
 Williamsburg Bridge, 13, U 15 
 
 Published and Copyrighted, 1910, by MOSES KING, Inc 
 
 Zoological Park, Bronx, 25 
 
 , Neii> York City 
 
MUNICIPAL BUILDING, Centre Slreel and Park Row, facing City Hall Park, with Chambers Mrcc. r.,n„,ng .;,rougn 
 arcade; greatest municipal building in the world, 34 stories, 539 teet 10 inches high, with subway station .n basement, ^^ 
 $7,000,000 structure housing all the city departments except Police, Fire, Docks and Ferries and Health; bu.ld.ng ■'■■-'ng . 
 329 feet, full area of the plot surmounted by tower 210 feet 10 inches with 24.foot figure and clock face 25 feet ,n diameter tjjf 
 
 Page 3 
 
CITY GOVERNMENT. ( 1 1 CiTV Hall Park, looking south on Broadway. (2) CiTV Hall, seat of government of Greater New York, founded 
 1624, chartered 11553, 326.9 sq mi, 4,711,956 inhabitants, and Borough of Manhattan, 21.9 sq mi, 2,417,917 population; built 1803-12. 
 (3) BoBOUGH Hall, Brooklvn, incorporated 1834, consolidated with New York 1898, 77.6 sq mi, 1,586.934 inhabitants. (4) BOR- 
 OUGH Hall, Queens, 129.5 sq mi. (5) Borough Hall, Bronx, 40.7 sq mi. ^6] Borough Hall, Richmond, 57.2 sq mi 
 
Page 
 
 ( 10 I Crfminal Courts, Centre St 
 
FEDERAL BUILDINGS. ( 1 ) New Post Office, Eighth Ave, 3Ist to 33d St, 375 x 305 ft, basement 485 x 435 ft, over Pennsylvania ter 
 
 minal yard; elevators direct to railway mail cars. (2) Sub Treaslir^ , Wall and Nassau Sts, built 1834-41 on site of Federal Hall, where 
 
 Washington was inaugurated; Custom House until 1862. (3) Assay Office, oldest building in Wall St, erected 1823. (4) Custom 
 
 House, Bowling Green, built 1901-7 on site of Fort Amsterdam, cost $7,200,000, the finest in world; striking sculptures on facade 
 
 Page G 
 
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS. (1) Stock Exchange, Broad St, founded 1792; $3,000,000 marble building, 19U,t. (2) National City 
 
 Bank, Wall Si, greatest in America, chartered 1S12, occupies old Custom House, built 184 1, remodeled 1909. <3) J. P. Morgan & Co, 
 
 Wall and Broad Sts, offices of world's greatest financier. (4) Umon Dime Savings Bank, Sixth Ave and 40th St, founded 1859; new 
 
 building, 1910, 100,000 depositors. (5) Curb Brokers. (6) Wall St. Canyon. (7) Clearing House, Cedar Si, founded 1853 
 
 Page 7 
 
SKYSCRAPERS. ( I ) City Investing Building, Broadway and Cortlandt St, largest office building under one roof, 13 acres floor space, 34 
 
 stories, 4 86 ft high. (2) Whitehall Building, Battery PI, 20 stories, 254 ft high, addition erected 1910,31 stories, 4 16 ft high, 13.3 acres 
 
 rentable space in combined buildings. (31 Liberty Tower, Liberty and Nassau Sts, 31 stories, 401 ft high, greatest office area in world 
 
 in proportion to plot, excellent light and ventilation. (4) Hudson Terminal Buildings, 30 to 50 Church St, 22 stories, 275 ft high 
 
 Page 8 
 
SINGLR BUILDING, Broadway and Liberty St, with tower 47 stories, 612 ft high, triutnph of steel-fratne construction, resting oil 36 
 
 caissons sunk to bedrock 92 feet below the street, 65 ft square, weighing 18,365 tons, rising 421 ft above main building, so braced as to 
 
 withstand a wind pressure of 330 tons; 9 1-2 acres of floor space; office population 5,000; conspicuous from harbor, visible from the 
 
 ocean, 20 miles away, when lighted at night, 1 4,500 electric lights; 10 miles steel columns. Bay from top of tower in background 
 
 Page 9 
 
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD. (1) Station, Seventh Ave, 31st to 33d St, largest in world, 784 x 430 ft, 21 tracks, cost $12,000,000, 
 
 $90,000,000 system of tunnels under Hudson, Manhattan Island and East River, planned 1901, completed 1910, bringing Pennsylvania 
 
 and Long Island trains to heart of metropolis. (2) Entrance to Tunnels, 9th and 10th Aves. (3) Under 33d St, at Fifth Ave 
 
 HERALD SQUARE, Macy's, Metropolitan Opera, Times, Hotel Astor, on west side of Broadway; Herald, 1835; Sixth Ave " L" 
 
 I'age 10 
 
GRAND CENTRAL, E. 42d Si; 300 x 680 ft, with yards 19 blocks; double decked, 49 tracks; New York Central and New Haven Railroads 
 
 SUBWAY (2) 18th St Station. (31 Spring St, five tracks. (4) Manhattan St Viaduct. (5) Borough Hall Station, Brooklyn. 
 
 $50,000,000 underground road built by city, leased to Interborough Rapid Transit Co, opened 1904,800,000 passengers a day 
 
 HUDSON TUNNELS. (6) Steel Section under river. (7)Jersey City Sta. (8) ConcreteSection. Four tubes under Hudson 
 I'.igc 11 
 
STEAMSHIPS. I 1 ) George Washington, North German Lloyd, 723 fi long, 78 tt beam, 28,000 tons, 2,950 passengers, 25,000 h p. 
 
 (2) MaURETANIA, Cunard, largest and swiftest ship afloat, 790 ft long, 88 ft beam, 45,000 tons, 68,000 h p; record crossing Atlantic in 4 
 
 days, 10 hrs, 51 min, averaging 26.06 knots; best day's run 673 knots. (31 Hendrik Hudson, Hudson River Day Line, finest, swiftest 
 
 steamer, 25 mile? an hour, 5,500 passengers. (4 ) C. W. MORSE, largest river craft, 430 ft long, 452 staterooms, 2,000 passengers 
 
 I'asc IS 
 
BRIDGES. (1) HendriK Hudson Memorial, to be built from north end of Manhattan to Spuyten Duyvil. (2) New York and Nevt Jersey, 
 
 10 span Hudson from Washington Heights to Palisades. (.1 ) WASHINGTON, over Harlem River, 1889. (4) Bow Bridge, Central Park. 
 
 (51 Chelsea PiERs, Hudson, Uih lo 23d St, $15,000,000 terminal, ifii Bronx River, Bronx Park. (7) Brooklyn Bridge, East 
 
 River, 1883. (8) Manhattan, 1910, 120 (i wide, ereaiesl capacity. (9; Williamsburg, 1903, 7,200 ft. (10) Queensboro, 1908 
 
 P.ige 13 
 

 SKYSCRAPERS OF LOWER MANHATTAN, view of the business centre of the world, from the New Yorli Life Insurance Building at 346 Broadway 
 
 River to Prospect Park and the Institute of Arts and Sciences, and in the distance Jamaica Bay, which is to be made a great supplemental harbor, 4 1 sqi 
 
 in the world, from 12 to 47 stories in height, 30 of them over 20 sinries, costing from one to sixteen millions each, all of them built since 18S9, \ 
 
 calls a minute 8 000 pieces of mail. In these buildings, on the most valuable land in the world, are the headquarters of the greatest financial insi 
 
 Page 14 
 
m 
 
 3— , 
 
 "■*■ 
 
 '^Ss;^^^^ 
 
 Sattery, showing the Hudson and East Rivers, with the Brooklyn, Manhattan and S'illiamsburg Bridges, and the business section of Broolilyn, from the East 
 cs in extent, with 150 miles of piers. Along Broadway and Wall Street, and in other downtown streets are the greatest steel and granite slsyscrapers 
 from 30,000 to 200,000 tons each, providing working space for an office population of 500,000, visited daily by 1 ,000,000 people, 15,000 telephone 
 \ railroads, steamship lines, manufacturing concerns, mercantile companies and other enterprises representing an investment of $250,000,000,000 
 Page 15 
 
METROPOLITAN BUILDING, Madison to Fourth Ave, 23d to J l rh ,Si; ir is the tallest buildins; ,i: i rories, 700 ft high; home of 
 
 Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, organized 1S6S, greatest industrial insuranee company in this country, over 10,000,000 policies 
 
 VIEWS FROM TOWER, covering circle with a radius of 20 miles. (2) North East. (3) West, Hudson River, New Jersey. (4) 
 
 North to Palisades. (5) East, Blackwell's Island, Queensboro Bridge, East River. (6) South to skyscrapers of financial district 
 
 Page 10 
 
THOROFARES. (1) Plaza AND Fiith Ave, Hotels Neiheriand, Savoy, St. Regis, Gotham, Plaza. (21 Union Square, west. (.1) Amer- 
 ican Rial Estate Co Office Building, Night and Day Bank, Fifth Ave looking south. (4) MADISON SouARE, Garden, Apellate Court, 
 Madison Ave ( Parkhurst) Church, Metropolitan, Flat-Iron, Fifth Ave Buildings. (5) Broadway north from Bowling Green. (6) 42dSl 
 west from Grand Central, .Manhattan Hotel, Times. I 7 ) Fifth Ave north from 33d St, Waldorf, Knickerbocker Trust, Brick Church 
 
 I'ajjc 17 
 
11 1 i ll'rrrl 
 
 GREAT STORES. ( 1 ) R. H. Macy & Co, Broadway and 34lh Si, founded 1858, first department store, 26 acres. (2) Siegel Coopek 
 
 Co, Sixth Ave, 18th to 19th Sis, "The Big Store," founded in Chicago 1876, New Yorli 1896. (3) Gimbel Brothers, Broadway, 
 
 32d to 33d Sts, at Pennsylvania RR and Hudson Tunnel Terminals. (4) Wanamaker's, Broadway, 8th to 10th Sts, tallest store 
 
 in world; also largest, including old Stewart building. (5) Tiffanv's, Fifth Ave and 37th St, famous jewelry house, founded 1837 
 
 I'af,"^' 
 
TIMES BUILDING, Times Square, 362.7 fl above curb, 61 ft below. Subway through basement; New York Times, founded 1851. 
 
 HOTELS. (2) Plaza, 252 ft hii;h, largest and most cosily, $12,500,000. (3) Waldorf Astorlv, 214 ft high, 1,400 suites. (4) Astor, 
 
 1,000 suites, banquet hall seating 1,200. (5) Del.homco's, famous American restaurant, founded 1S23. (6) Fraunce's Tavern, 
 
 Broad St, built I 7 19, scene Washington's Farewell Address, 1 783, restored 1907. 17) Sherry's, restaurant, bachelor apartments 
 
 'aire 1!» 
 
RESIDENCES. I 1 I Skating, Central Park, apartments in background. (2) APARTMENTS, Central Park West, 69th St north. (3) Belnord, 
 largest apartment house in world. (4) Unique Fifth Ave Homes. (5) Lorillard Mansion, Bronx Park. (6) Van Cortlanut Man- 
 sion, built 1748, historical museum. (7) Charles M. Schwab Residence, Riverside Drive, IM to 74th St. (8) Andrew Car- 
 negie, Fifth Ave, 9lsi to 92d Si. (9) J. Pierpont Morgan, Madison Ave and 36th St. (10) W. A. Clark, Fifth Ave and 77th St 
 
 Page ii 
 
CHURCHES. (II Temple Beth El, Fifih Ave and 76th St. (2) Church of Our Lady of Guadaloupe, W lS6th St, Spanish. (3) St. 
 
 Patrick's Cathedral, Fifth Ave, 1858 79, 400 x 180 ft, .334 ft high. (41 Cathedral of St. John the Divine, Morningside Heights, 
 
 begun 1892, 520 x 2X8 ft, 445 ft high. (5) St. Thomas', Fifth Ave, 1823, burned 1906, rebuilt 1910. (6) St. Mii:hael's, Brooklyn, 
 
 1857. (7) Transfiguration," Little Church Around the Corner," W 29th St. (8) Broadwav Tabern.vcle, 56th St, 1840 
 
 Page 21 
 
MUSEUMS. CD Central Park, 839.9 acres, purchased 1S57 B3 for S5,02S,SH: worth $200,000,000; scene in Zoo. (2) Obelisk, 200- 
 ton monolith, erected at Heliopolis 1500 B. C, in Central Park 1880. (3) Metropolitan Museum of Art, founded 1871, five buildings 
 completed of group to cost $20,000,000. .4) American Museum of Natural Histohv, founded 1 869, collections worth $10,000,000. 
 (5) BOTAN'CAL Museum, Bronx Park. 6) Public Library, Fifth Ave, 40th to 42d Sts, 1849, $6,000,000 building, 1910 
 
COLLEGES. (1) College of City of New York, 1847, built 1905. (2) Columbia University Library, W 116ih Si, $1.?,000,000 
 
 group erected since 1892, founded 1754. 1.1) Columbia, Broadway from. (4) Columbia Laboratories. (S) Morris High School, 
 
 Bronx. (61 School OF APPLIED Design forWomls, Lexington Ave. (7) De \X'itt Clinton High School, Tenth Ave. (S) New 
 
 York University, 1829. (9) Union Theological Seminary, 18J6, new buildings, 1910. (10) Barnard College, 1889 
 
 Page 23 
 
MONUMENTS. (1) Liberty Statue, New York Bay, 306 ft high, by Bariholdi. (21 Soldilbs' and Sailors' Arch, Prospect Park. 
 
 (3) Washington Statue, Union Sq. (4) Chester A. Arthur, Madison Sq. (5) Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, Riverside Park. 
 
 16) Washington Arch, Washington Park, Stanford White. (7) Sherman, Plaza. St. Gaudens. (8) Nathan Hale, City Hall Park, 
 
 (9) FBANiS SiGEL, RiverMde Drive. (10) Grant's Tomb, 160 ft high. (11) Gen. Josiah Porter, Van Cortlandt Park 
 
PARKS. {D Bethesda Fountajn, Ceniral Park. (2) Boat Pond, Central Park. (3) Dutch Gardens, Van Conlandt Park; 1,132 
 
 acres. (4) MacMonnies' Wild Horses, Prospect Park, Brooklyn; 516 acres. (5) Lily Pond, Botanical Gardens, Bronx; 250 acres. 
 
 (6) Falls, Bronx River. (71 Banana Palms, Botanical Gardens. (8) Ferns, Conservatory Dome. (9) Zoological Park, 
 
 Bronx, 261 acres. ' 10' G'RAFFES. (11> Wapiti. 12' Lion House 'I3i Bears. ' 14 / Elephant House. 1151 Elephant 
 
 1": 
 
ARMORIES. (1) Seventh Regiment, Park Ave, 66ih to 67th Sts, organized 1806. (2) 71st Regiment, 1852, new arinory 1906, 263 ft high. 
 
 AMUSEMENTS. (3) Manhattan Opera House, 34th St near Eighth Ave. 14 1 New Theatre, Central Paris West, 62d to 63d Sts, finest 
 
 playhouse in the world, seals 2,318. (S) HrppoDROME, Sixth Ave., 4 3d to 4 4lh Sts, largest in world, seats 5,200. stage 200 x 120 ft. 
 
 CLUBS. (6) Elks Club, 43d St near Sixth Ave, bui!t ' •"♦I. ^9toJ^5* Geographical Society, Broadway and 156th St 
 
 Lot 52 ■•='«^'^° 
 
The Greatest City in the World 
 
 By William Wirt Mills 
 
 EASILY leading all American cities, 
 disputing first rank with the more 
 ancient cities of the Old World, 
 New York City enters upon the 
 second decade of the Twentieth 
 Century and the third century of its own 
 career. Conceding to London greater area 
 and larger population, it yields no other 
 point to the credit of the British Capital, 
 which has been outstripped by New York in 
 trade, foreign and domestic, in manufactures, 
 in shipping, in wealth, in active capital, in 
 enterprise, energy and enthusiasm. 
 
 Those who looked forward a decade ago 
 to New York achieving the primacy among 
 the cities of the earth, were regarded as 
 afflicted with a sort of pardonable pride in 
 their city, but to-day history is writing down 
 as accomplished facts what then were re- 
 garded as flamboyant predictions. 
 
 With a population of 3,437,202 in 1900, 
 New York now estimates its inhabitants at 
 4,711,956, its present growth at 400 persons 
 a day. These are the figures for the 326.9 
 square miles embraced within the five 
 boroughs that make up the corporate entity 
 known as New York City. 
 
 But the real metropolis includes the 92 
 cities and towns that are clustered about the 
 city proper. In this larger area of 680 square 
 miles there were 5,265,060 inhabitants in 
 1905, more than 6,200,000 now. It is this 
 population that is to be compared with the 
 7,537,196 people who are estimated as living 
 in the 692 square miles of Greater London. 
 
 At the present rates of increase in the two 
 cities, London will be outstripped by 1920, 
 when the metropolitan district will include 
 the homes of more than 8,000,000 people. 
 
 With eleven great railroad systems and 
 114 steamship lines focusing at the greatest 
 harbor in the world, the Chamber of Com- 
 merce estimates that goods to the value of 
 considerably over $10,500,009,000 are borne 
 annually upon the waters of the harbor, this 
 huge total not including the large aggregate 
 of freight handled by the railroads and not 
 figuring in the harbor traffic. 
 
 This traffic was estimated in volume at 
 over 150,000,000 tons, filling the holds of 
 10,759 ships in 1909, 4,501 of these being 
 
 engaged in foreign trade and 6,259 in coast- 
 wise traffic. 
 
 Though the foreign commerce of New 
 York ($1,521,966,090 in 1909) is but a frac- 
 tion of the shipping of the port, it greatly 
 exceeds the totals for the largest European 
 ports— $1,350,000,000 for Hamburg, $1,300,- 
 000,000 for London, $1,325,000,000 for Liver- 
 pool. And these ports have no domestic 
 shipping comparable to the coastwise trade 
 cf New York. 
 
 Unlike other great commercial cities. New 
 York is also an industrial centre, the great- 
 est manufacturing city in the whole world. 
 Not only does the city trade in the products 
 of all nations, but it produces nearly every 
 sort of manufactured goods. 
 
 Within the limits of the city proper there 
 are 27,283 factories and shops engaged in 
 297 lines of manufacture, representing an 
 investment of $1,529,946,487, a sum nearly 
 half the total of the money in circulation 
 in the United States. 
 
 In these industries there are 74,505 salaried 
 people and 668,984 wage earners, making up 
 an army of workers outnumbering the entire 
 population of Liverpool. The pay rolls in 
 the year foot up to $450,549,366, or more 
 than enough to buy ths entire city of St. 
 Louis, at the valuation put by the assessors 
 upon that thriving hive of 800,000 people. 
 
 The materials used in New York's manu- 
 factories in a year exceed a billion in value, 
 and the estimated wholesale price of the out- 
 put of the city's industries in 1909 was 
 $2,248,440,436, or nearly four times the 
 combined value of the manufactured goods 
 exported in the same period by the two 
 industrial nations, France and Germany. 
 
 In the making of women's clothing alone 
 96,162 people are employed, the output be- 
 ing worth $261,049,287; 56,107 are engaged 
 in printing and publishing, their product be- 
 ing valued at $193,490,850: 51,983 hands 
 make men's clothing worth $178,236,370; 
 39,069 em.ployes roll cigars and cigarettes 
 estimated at $80,983,352; 18,140 bakers make 
 $68,200,711 worth of bread and cakes: 29,727 
 milliners fashion $61,450,945 worth of hats; 
 the product of 22,081 men in foundries and 
 machine shops is valued at $45,634,627. 
 
 . « 
 
The Greatest City in the World 
 
 Continued 
 
 Having outdistanced all rivals in commer- 
 cial conquest and industrial enterprise, New 
 York has become one of the four financial 
 centres of the world, ranking with London, 
 Berlin and Paris as a money market. 
 
 The banking power of New York is esti- 
 mated at $4,553,700,000, which is 26 per 
 cent, of the $17,642,700,000 that represents 
 the resources of the 21,000 banks of the en- 
 tire United States and 10 per cent, of the 
 $45,750,300,000 banking power of the whole 
 world. 
 
 The average volume of a'^tual cash in the 
 banks of New York is half a billion, which 
 is 14 per cent, of all the money in the United 
 States, and more than one-third of all the 
 cash held in all the banks of the country. 
 Nearly a quarter of all the money in circula- 
 tion in the United States is in New York. 
 
 In the New York Clearing House the ex- 
 changes in 1909 amounted to $103,588,738,- 
 320, an increase of 30.6 per cent, over 1898, 
 while the record of the London Clearing 
 House in 1909 was $65,868,922,000, or 
 $37,719,816,320 less than New York, and 
 London's increase in eleven years was only 
 11.5 per cent. 
 
 In the past decade the country's wealth 
 has increased 30 per cent., while New York 
 realty values have advanced 108 per cent. 
 New^ York's land and buildings are estimated 
 as worth $8,104,481,155, while the assess- 
 ments of property in Greater London foot up 
 to barely $290,000,000. 
 
 While the municipal budget for 1910 is 
 $163,128,270, the actual expenditures will foot 
 up to something over $170,000,000, which is 
 the estimated cost of the government of 
 Greater London. While the municipal debt 
 is $713,637,668 this is offset by the fact that 
 the city owns real estate and revenue pro- 
 ducing properties such as docks, water 
 works and subways, to the value of 
 $920,499,760, including parks and public 
 buildings valued at $435,342,205. 
 
 New York's public schools have 730,234 
 pupils, with an average attendance of 
 574.664 as compared with 649.136 in Lon- 
 don, with a teaching force of 17,073 in New 
 York and 18,562 in London. The city's 
 school houses are worth $92,283,825, and the 
 
 cost of maintaining the system in 1909 v, 
 $31,073,753, as compared with $22,000,C 
 expended upon the London schools. 
 
 Passengers are carried on the local n 
 ways of the city at the rate of a billion a 
 a half a year, as compared with 1,400,000,C 
 in London, and 875,000,000 in Paris. Th. 
 are 3,366 trains to and from the city dai 
 carrying 650,000 passengers, and 600,( 
 people daily cross the East River bridges 
 
 The New York Post Office, serving oi 
 Manhattan and The Bronx, in 1909 hand! 
 2,410,743,448 pieces of mail, while the L( 
 don Post Office, covering a much larj 
 area, in 1908 handled only 1,694,000,( 
 pieces. The receipts of the New York P' 
 Office in 1910 exceed $22,000,000, one-ter 
 of the revenues of the United States. 
 
 For the accommodation of the larg 
 transient population to be found anywhi 
 in the world, averaging 200,000, and i 
 largest permanent hotel population, 100,0 
 New York maintains over 700 hotels, rep 
 senting an investment of $243,000,000, a 
 capable of entertaining 300,000 people wi 
 out crowding. And over a half billion 
 spent annually in the city's 5,300 rest; 
 rants and 700 hotel dining rooms. 1 
 annual food supply of the city is estimai 
 as costing $1,750,000,000. 
 
 The growth of New York is vividly ill 
 trated by its building statistics, 102,561 n 
 structures having been erected in the p 
 seven years at an estimated cost of $1,31 
 079,318, a quarter of a billion having b( 
 expended in 1909, employing 50,000 men, i 
 outlay being one-third of the total for i 
 country's 92 largest cities. 
 
 Included in these figures were 21,1 
 apartment houses, which cost $584,335,7 
 providing quarters for 258,024 families, a 
 54,371 dwellings, costing $243,948,531. 
 
 These big facts but begin to tell the t 
 of the greatness of the city that has rii 
 since that day, three centuries ago, wl 
 Hendrik Hudson sailed up the river nan 
 after him, and saw the wigwams of i 
 Indians on the wooded island that n 
 holds the tallest and the largest buildir 
 and is the centre of the greatest busin 
 interests of the whole world. 
 
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