^"'W^jp, w^H^nr' mm^'^ ^'mm^ ><^A '^^'''*' LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, t UNITED STATES OP AMERICA.? /^Aa*.A^' Amrg^msm^^ h.^-&!k.^%i^f>wJ\ V.^'-/>,AnnnAAAM hkn'r^^rsr^m^ir^'^ ^^^ mm K^^': .^^^m (^ » ■ ^s'AAA^tA^r;!!' 1&^W"^c^:aa': >Aa^^^^Q ^.-AlMry CONTAINING A FULL ACCOUNT OF ITS MINERAL SPRINGS AND WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. ^ublisljcir bg |l. J. gcarljorn, anir FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN NEWS CX)., 115, 117, 119 & 121 NASSAU ST., N. Y., ^ \ ALBANY NEWS CO., ALBANY, Etc., EtcA /I- Mrs. E. G-. CHIPMAN, Proprietress. This first-class Family Hotel liaving clianged proprietors, and havin,i>- heen thoroughly repaired, will be opened for the ceception of g-uest& on the loth of Mar. It is pleasantly located near the Excelsior and White Sulphur Springs, and possesse-s superior attractions as a summer resort. A^ I B B ^ R D 5> AINSWORTH PLACE, SARATOGA SPRINGS. J. H. CARPENTER^ ilfifiis ill MiUiiii! 202 BROADWAY, SARATOGA SPRINGS. Dfugs, Wledicioes, Toilet Hfticles, k^^ 162 BROAD^VAY, F. T. HILL. J. L. PERRY, Jr. PEOPLE^S LINE STEAMERS FOR NEW YORK. One of these STEAM PALACES will leave Albany every evening (Sundays excepted), on arrival of the evening trains on the Rensselaer and Saratoga, New York Central and Albany & Susquehanna Railroads. ^^ Hudson River Railroad Tickets good for State Room Passage. BAGGAGE CHECKED THJROITGH. SARATOGA OFFICE 1st Door North of CONGRESS HALL, Where State Rooms can be secured Daily. F. D, WHEELER, Jr., Agent, J. W. HARCOUET, Agent, Saratoga Springs. Albany. DR. R. HAMILTON'S jjf|e(IkHl and lurgicul |n.dituic, FOR THE I'RKATMENT OF FEMALE, LUNG and CHEONIO DISEASES, IS LOCATED ON BROADWAY, SARATOGA SPRINGS, Opposite Congress Spring and in full view of the Park. ggipn: ' LOCATED ON BROADWAY, Ojyposite Congress Spring and Park, N. & B. T. BEDORTHA, M. D, Physicians and Surgeons. Drs. Bedortha can be consulted daily in regard to all forms of disease. Special attention given to the use of the various kinds of Mineral Water. Baths of all kinds — Electro Chemical, Sulphur, Vapor, Hip, Half, Sitz, Douche, Spray, etc., etc. Experienced Bath Men and Women in attendance. For Circulars, address SARATOGA SPEINSS, N. T. ID E x: T E K. ' s Old Established Division St. bet. Broadnay & R.R. Depot. Established 1835. "WM. E. DEXTER, Proprietor. N. B.— Carriages at the Depot on tlie arrival of Trains. Passengers car- ried to and from tlie Depot. All orders promptly attended to. ~ D E X T E R ' S Division St. between Broadway and R.R. Depot, (REAR OF MARVIN HOUSE.) 1^" Superior Accommodations, Gas, &c. — Everything in the Stables beinic entirely new. B. W. DYER, Proprietor. Cor. Grove and Front Sts., SARATOGA SPRINGS. A FIRST CLASS BOARDING HOUSE. Open from May to October. For Rooms, Terms,, etc., address B. ^^^. DYER. ON BROADWAY, A Few Doors Beloiv the Clai'endon, B. V. FRAZIER, Proprietor. SARATOG A, N . Y. The Hotel is substantially built of brick, and is fire- proof, nearly new, has recently been refitted and repainted, and will be in first-class order throughout. It is beautifully shaded with trees, and has a two-story piazza for promenade extending 340 feet, with ample pleasure grounds adjoining, and is unequaled in its attractions and advantages as a summer resort for families; while its location on Broadway is unsurpassed by any Hotel in Saratoga for beauty, con- venience and comfort, and being in close proximity to all the most celebrated Springs. The Paj'lors and Sleeping Booms are all large, well ven- tilated, well furnished and pleasant. The Tables will be liberally supplied with every delicacy of the season. Carriages will be awaiting the arrival of every train to convey visitors to and from the Hotel free of charge. A livery is connected with the establishment and abundant stable room for those desiring their own teams. TERMS REASONABLE. All correspondence promptly answered and full infor- mation cheerfully given. William C. Jones, Proprietor, SARATOGA, AND HOW TO SEE IT : COXTAINIXG A FULL ACCOUNT OF ITS CELEBRATED SPRINGS, MAMMOTH HOTELS, HEALTH INSTITUTIONS, BEAUTIFUL DRIVES AND WALKS, VARIOUS OBJECTS OF INTEREST AND AMUSEMENT, WITH THE ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF TRAINS, FARE AND DISTANCE TO VARIOUS PLACES, A COMPLETE LIST OF THE HOTELS AND PRINCIPAL BOARDING HOUSES, &CG., «fec., «Scc., With NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS and a MAP OF SARATOGA SPR-I^NGS. SARATOGA, N. Y. : 1871. ■WEED, PARSONS AND COMPANY, PRINTERS, ALBANY, N. Y. .$-327/? CONTEISTTS. PAGE. Introduction 9 Saratoga Mineral Springs 10 their general properties 11 List of Springs with their loca- tion 13 Crystal Spring (illustrated) 13 Eureka Spring 13 Sulphur Springs 13 Excelsior Spring (illustrated) . . 14 Ten Springs 15 Hathorn Spring 16 High Rock Congress Spring (il- lustrations) 16 Geyser Spring 19 Pavilion Spring 21 United States Spring 22 Red Spring (illustrated) 23 Seltzer Spring 24 Star Spring 28 Columbian Spring 29 Congress Spring 29 Hamilton Spring 29 Putnam Spring 30 Empire Spring 30 Saratoga ^'A" Spring 30 Washington Spring 30 Ellis Spring 31 Directions for drinking the wa- ters 31 Bottling the waters 33 Congress Hall (illustrated) . 35 Union Hall (illustrated) .... 37 PAGE. Hotels — Continued : Clarendon Hotel 37 Waverly House (illustrated) 38 Everett House 39 Continental Hotel (illus- trated) 40 Crescent Hotel 40 Mansion House 43 Boarding houses 43 Temple Grove Seminary (illus- trated) 45 Saratoga as a health resort 47 Health Institutions 48 Drives and walks 50 Boulevard to the Lake 50 Chapman's Hill 51 Wagmau's Hill 51 Hagerty Hill 51 Bemis Heights 51 Waring Hill 51 Spring avenue 51 Walk through the woods to the Excelsior Spring 52 Congress Park 52 Amusements 52 Gambling and other vices 53 Morrissey's Club-house 53 Antique Marbles 54 Saratoga as a place of residence 56 Complete list of Hotels and principal Boarding Houses 58 Business men 60 Hours for opening and closing the mails, etc., on map. Entered according to act of Congress, in the Librarian's Office at Wash- ington, In the year 1871, by R. E. Deakborn. WILLAM M. SEARING, BEEKMAN H. SEARING. \I\IM. M. SEARING & SON, REAL ESTATE BROKERS, INSURANCE AND 'COLLECTING AGENTS, 178 & 180, BROADWAY, AINSWOETH PLACE, (KOOMS 12 and 13,) BUY, SELL, RENT AND EXCHANGE Furnished Cottages, Stores, Dwelling Houses, OFFICES, COUXniY RESIDENCES, CITY AND SUBURBAN LOTS, FARMS, SHOPS. MILLS, FACTORIES, STEAM & WATER POWERS. Bonds, Mortgagee and other Securities, Bought and Sold. LOANS NEGOTIATED. COLLECT EENTS, NOTES, ACCOUNTS AND EVIDENCES OF DEBT. All kinds of Insurances Effected at the Lowest Rates. NONE BUT FIRST CLASS COMPANIES REPRESENTED. By promptness, industry and fair dealing, Ave aim to merit the confidenee and f^ive satisfaction to those who may entrust their business to our eliarge. WM. M. SEARING & SON. DRS. STROJ^a'S lilllil tptlfill 'iJ^ On Circular, between Spring and Phila Sts., Is unsurpassed for beauty of location and accessibility to the principal Springs. This Institution was established in 1855," for the special treatment of LUNG, FEMALE aM VARIOUS CHRONIC DISEASES, During the Fall and AVinter the Institute has been doubled in size to meet the necessities of its increased patronage. It is now the largest health institution in Saratoga, and is unsurpassed in the variety of its remedial appliances by any in this country. In the elegance and com- pleteness of its appointments it is unequaled. The building is heated by steam, so that in the coldest weather the air of the house is like that of summer. The Proprietors, Drs. S. S. and S. E. STRONG, are graduates of the Medical Department of the New York University, and are largelj^ pa- tronized by the medical profession. In addition to the ordinary remedial agencies used in general prac- tice, they employ THE EQUALIZER OR VACUUM TREATMENT, ELECTRO THERMAL BATHS, jSuljjhur Air Baths, Russian Baths, Turkish Baths, HTDEOPATHY, SWEDISH MOVEMENT CUEE, OXYGEN GAS, GYMNASTICS, &c. For particulars of the Institution call or send for Circulars on Lung Female and Chronic Diseases, and on our Appliances. Address— Drso S. S. & So E. STRONG, REMEDIAL INSTITUTE. SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. SARATOGA AND HOW TO SEE IT. iwriiODucTicm. Saratoga, for a long time the most fashionable watering place in the world, is still increasing in reputation and popularitj^ every j^ear. Its wonderful mineral springs, so diverse in their con- stituents and medical properties, have continued to send forth their healing waters of unimpaired strength, while others of equal virtue and more varied composition, flow- ing from newly developed fountains, are increasing the wide range of their adaptation. Within a few years so many changes have occurred by the retubing of old springs and the discover}^ of several new ones, that strangers and invalids are more than ever perplexed to know the pecul- iarities of each, and the one specially adapted to their necessities. When the waters should be drank, how often and how much, are questions of interest to every visitor. To supply the information so many desire in regard to the springs, and to place before every visitor to Saratoga, in a few words and at a moderate price, an account of its attractions and advantages, is the object of this little i)am- phlet. We have endeavored to make the work impartial and reliable, and without fear or favor, and, as such, it is the only work now published. 10 AVinding through the center of the village, and extend- ing several miles beyond it on either side, is a shallow valley, in which are situated the MINERAL SPRINGS, the most celebrated in the world. There are in the imme- diate vicinity nearly thirty springs of acknowledged medicinal value. These thirty, wdiich comprise the Sara- toga Springs, are in the center of the crescent-shaped valley, the west horn of which is Ballston, and the east, Quaker Springs. The High Rock spring was the first discovered. Sir Wm. Johnson was carried to it by the Indians in 1767. Most of the springs belong to the class known as carbon- ated, though some of them possess the properties of the sulphureted, the chalybeate and the saline. The mineral matter consists chiefly of chloride of sodium or conunon salt, carbonates of magnesia, lime, soda and lithia, and the sulphates of potassa, together with a small amount of other substances. The solvent power wdiich holds all these solid substances in solution, and which gives them their agree- able taste, is the carbonic acid gas with which the water is so freely charged. This free carbonic acid gas is probably formed by the decomposition of the carbonates which compose the rock. The water, impregnated with it, becomes a powerful solv- ent, and, passing through difterent strata, absorbs the various mineral substances which compose its solid con- stituents. Through faults and ordinary fractures in the earth's crust extending through several geological strata, 11 these waters rise to the surface, forced up, it is supposed, by hydrostatic pressure and that of the gas. Numerous have been the attempts to prepare artilicial spring waters, but with little success. The most eminent chemists and scientific men now acknowledge its impracti- cability. There may be substances which the chemistry of the present day fails to discover, and the chemical laboratory of nature can only be imitated, never equaled. We may analyze the acorn, but we cannot produce from the results obtained any thing more than a faint resem- blance, which lacks its peculiar properties as well as its life principle. Artificial waters are dangerous, and do a double injustice, to the person who expects benefit from ttcm, and to the natural waters. Those who wish nature's remedies should ol)tain them direct from her laboi-atory. Before giving a detailed account of the principal springs, we devote a few words to their GENERAL PROPERTIES. These are almost as various as the fountains from which the mineral waters flow. Cathartic, tonic, alterative and diuretic, and sulphur water, of varied shade and diflering strength, are found in Sarat(jga. Each spring has its own peculiar virtues that adapt it to certain forms of disease. Hence, it folloM's that mineral waters should not be drank promiscuously, but under the direction of a competent physician, who thoroughly understands the composition and peculiarities of each, if the utmost benefit would be 12 obtained. Many imagine that if the waters do no good they certainly cannot do liarm. A mistake this, and one which may result in serious injury. Whatever claims the owners of some of the springs may advance, it should be known that all the cathartic waters are liable to do more injury than good in Consumption and many diseases of the lungs. Many of the mineral springs of the old world are under the charge of superintendents appointed by law, and invalids are not permitted to use the waters without direc- tions from a physician. What wonder, then, if many who come here with a vague idea of drinking the v\^aters, and who select simply the spring which happens to be the most popular, should go away having experienced little benefit. Persons in good health, however, find the waters a pleasant and invigorating beverage, and, when taken in proper quantities, uninjurlous. General directions for drinking the waters are given elsewhere, and, under the description of the different springs, maj^ be found a statement of their particular properties. There is no doubt of their power to promote evacuations of effete accumulations from the kidneys, skin and bowels. Prof. J. W. Draper, the eminent physiologist, in speak- ing of the springs, says: "They restore suppressed, and correct vitiated secretions, and so renovate health, and are also the means of introducing many medicines into the system in a state of minute subdivision, in which they exert a powerful alterative and curative action." 13 THE CRYSTAL SPRING in Park Place, Broadway, opposite Congress Park. C. R. Brov.Ti, Proprietor. This spring was discovered and tubed in 1870, since which time it has become widely known. The analysis and properties are well set forth on page 45. EUREKA SPRING, on Spring Avenue, about a mile and a half above the vil- lage. Eureka Spring Co., Proprietors ; A. R. Dyett, President. The scenery in the vicinity of the Spring is very roman- tic. The waters are of special service in d3^spepsia and kindred diseases, and arc similar in properties and analysis to the other Saratoga springs. The waters are bottled, and may be found in New York and other cities. A few rods from the Eureka, the WHITE SULPHUR SPRING, of Saratoga, is situated. A large and commodious Bath- ing-house, Avith excellent and ample acconuuodations and superior facilities, affords Sulphur Water Baths. The Sulphur Spring is said to be unsurpassed by ANY IN THIS State. There is now no reason why invalids should resort to the other sulphur springs of the State, when they can find here sulphur water at least fully equal to any, while they enjoy the additional benefits of the varied mineral springs of Saratoga. 14 Frequent omnibuses convey passengers to and from the Spring for a moderate sum. A new avenue lias been opened to the Spring. THE EXCELSIOR SPRING, A. R. Lawrence & Co., proprietors, is in a beautiful valley and amid most romantic scenery, about a mile north-east of the village. It may be reached by passing up Spring avenue, which has just been graded and handsomely laid out, or by Lake avenue. The finest walk in Saratoga is through the woods to the Excelsior Spring. The water-works and Excelsior Lake, as well as the Mansion House, are in the immediate vicinity of the spring. The tubing is 56 feet deep. This spring is a pleasant cathartic, and has also alterative, diuretic and tonic properties, and is moreover a very 15 delightful beverage. Two or three glasses in the morning is the dose as a cathartic. As an alterative and diuretic, it should be taken in small quantities during the day. The highest medical authority of this country have indorsed this spring as possessing very valuable medicinal properties. It is one of the most delicious waters found in this mineral valley. While it is bottled extensively, it is also supplied in barrels, by a peculiar method, for selling on draught. Twelve feet beloAV the surface of the spring, a block tin tube conveys the water into reservoirs or oak barrels, made gas-tight by a lining of block tin. These barrels are fur- nished with two tubes, one of which extends from the top nearly the entire length of the barrel, and the other, a short tube, is merely fitted into the top. Then, by filling the barrel through the long tube by hydrostatic pressure, the air is excluded and the gas is not allowed to escape. When sold on draught, it is necessary simply to connect the long tube with the draught tube, and the short tube with an air pump, when the water can be forced out by the pressure of the air and will flow forth sparkling and deli- cious as at the spring. The gentlemanly proprietors have illustrated circulars showing the process, and will explain to visitors their pecu- liar method with great courtesy. In the immediate vicinity of the Excelsior are the TEN SPRINGS, undeveloped as yet, but possessing varied medicinal prop- erties. 16 HATHORN SPRING, on Spring street, just above Congress Hall. H. H. Hatliorn, proprietor. This spring is the most central and conven- iently located of any in Saratoga. It was discovered and tubed in 1868. It is a cathartic water, similar to the Congress, but much superior. Dose from one to three glasses in the morning. ANALYSIS BY PROF. C. F. CHANBLEE, COLUiVrBIA COLLEGE SCHOOL OF MINES. Bicarbonate of Baryta 1.737 grains. Bicarbonate of Iron . . 1.128 " Sulphate of Potassa . . none. Phosphate of Soda ... .006 " Biborate of Soda a trace. Alumina .131 " Silica 1.260 " Organic matter a trace. Chloride of Sodimn... 509.968 grains Chloride of Potassium 9.597 " Bromide of Sodium... 1.534 " Iodide of Sodium 198 " Fluoride of Calcium., a trace. Bicai-bonate of Lithia. 11.447 " Bicarbonate of Soda . . 4.288 " Bicarbonate Magnesia. 176.463 " Bicarbonate of Lime.. 170.646 " Bicarbonate Strontia.. a trace. Total solid contents. . Carbonic acid gas in one gallon, 373.747 inches. Density, 1.009. HIGH ROCK CONGRESS SPRING on Willow Walk, near the Seltzer and Star Springs. High Rock Congress Spring Co.. Proprietors. Wm. Slocum, Superintendent. The High Rock is the oldest and most famous spring in Saratoga. It was the Bethesda of the Indians, and by them regarded with the greatest reverence. For over a hundred years it has been used by white men, and it is more popular to-day than ever before. The rock which gives 17 HIGH ROCK IK 1867. the spring its name is still reg-iirded as one ol the greatest curiosities of the world; and although remote from the large hotels, is visited annually by large numbers of people. Similar deposits of mineral matter, forming calcareous tufa 18 which constitutes High Rock, have been found at the surfaces of other springs ; but this is the, great specimen. The following are the dimensions of the rock : Circumfer- ence, 34 feet, 4 inches; height, 3 feet, 6 inches ; diameter of aperature, 4 inclies — below the top, 1 foot; weight, about 8 tons. The rock is a hollow cone or pyramid, whose walls are of nearly even thickness. Of the genuineness of this rock there can be no doubt. Thousands of years were neces- sary for its formation, which can be traced by the rings or circles of deposit marking each j^ear. The proprietors of the High Rock Spring have issued a very interesting pamphlet, containing a full account of the High Rock and a history of the mineral spring. We com- mend this work to those who wish a more complete account than we have room to give of tliis marvelous work of nature. The pamphlet may be obtained free of charge at the spring. The recent tubing, which is about ten feet south of the mouth of the old spring, has greatly improved its quality, and it now bottks free from sediment^ and preserves its refreshing taste and medicinal properties for years. It is a very superior tonic and cathartic, as well as alterative. It may be drank at any time during the day. Three or four glasses before breakfast will produce a cathartic eflect. 19 In 18G8 a superb colonnade — a pavilion within a pavil- ion — was erected over the spring, at an expense of over $5,000. It is . of Gothic architecture, surmounted by a mosque-like dome and an immense gilded eagle, malung it indeed a most attractive pagoda. GEYSER OR SPOUTING SPRING, about a mile and a half below the village on the Ballston road and near the railroad. This wonderful mineral fountain was discovered in February, 1870. There had been indications of mineral springs in this neighborhood for a long time. Messrs Vail and Seavy, the owners of the bolt factory beneath which 20 the fountain was discovered, determined to bore for a spring. They were successful, and when they had reached a point 140 feet below the surface rock, they struck the mineral vein. The water immediately burst forth witli vehemence, and the marvelous phenomenon of a spouting spring v^'as established. The orifice bored in the rock is 5| inches in diameter and 140 feet deep, 80 feet in the strata of slate and 60 feet in the birdseye limestone. The water continues to spout incessantly to the height of about 25 feet. The tabing is a block-tin pipe encased with iron, 85 feet in length and two inches in diameter. It is noticeable that when a portion of the stream is directed to the bottling room for bottling purposes the fountain spouts to an unusual heiglit. The temperature of the spring is 46 deg. Fahr. being only 14 deg. from the freezing point. The water, an analysis of which is given elsewhere, is the most strongly impregnated with mineral and medicinal substances of any spring in the world. As the water is drawn from the fountain it foams like soda water, from the great abund- ance of carbonic acid gas, v.diich gives it a very agreeable taste. It is strongly cathartic, alterative and tonic; dose from one to two glasses. The waters are now being bot- tled, and are sold in all the leading cities of America and Europe. The fact that the spring is located 140 feet Deneath the solid rock renders it free from all impurities of surface waters. 21 In the immediate vicinity of the spring is a beautiful cascade, lake and ravine, a white sulphur spring and the Ellis Spring, all objects of interest. The Geyser Spring is one of the greatest attractions of Saratoga, and no visitor should fail to see it and taste its sparkling water. THE PAVILION SPRING. Pavilion Spring Co., proprietors. S. W. Frost, Sec'y and Supt., in tlic valley, a few rods east of Broadway, be- tween Lake avenue and Caroline street. This spring, although discovered long before, v/as not tubed till 1889. "We copy the following account of the process of tubing : " A curb 22 feet square, made of logs locked together at the corners, v/as built about the spring. The excavation next followed, and as the earth was thrown out the curb was settled down. As the work proceeded the water was raised from the shaft by large pumps used day and night, and thus the excavation was made to a distance of forty feet, following throughout the direction of the rising bub- bles of gas." Here they reached the hard-pan. As the gas seemed to come from the west, they cut a trench in that direction, sideways and downwards, for several feet. In this trench the tube, shaped like a shoe, was placed, and a perpendicular tube, reaching to the surface, was fitted to the upper end of the shoe. Thus the tubing was completed and tlie earth around it replaced. In 18G9 the spring was retubed, and by moving the tube 22 down ten feet to the solid rock, the mineral quality increased. The location of the Pavilion Spring is central, being only a few steps from the business portion of the village and the various hotels. The water possesses a pungent taste, yet is pleasant and exhilarating. In general, the properties are cathartic, diuretic and tonic. It is particularly good in billions diseases, scrofula, rheumatism, etc. The sulphate of potassa and the bicarbonate of lithia in large quantity are found only in this spring. The use of the waters increase the appetite and digestion. As a cathartic, from one to four glasses should be taken in the morning. The water was first bottled in 1840. The present company was fonned in 1868, and since the Spring has been retubed, the waters are having a more extended sale. A very elegant colonnade in the beautiful park surround- ing it renders the spring attractive to visitors. Within a few feet of the Pavilion, and under the same colonnade, is the UNITED STATES SPRING. While excavating for the purpose of retubing the Pavilion spring, a new spring, flowing from the east, was discovered. This has been tubed, its waters analyzed, and they are now presented to the public. This water is more gentle in its action and more tonic in its eftects. As a tonic, from a half to two tumblers several times during the day is necessary. 23 THE RED SPRING is located on Spring avenue, at tiie junction of Geneva and Warren streets, a few rods above the Empire spring. John A. Carpenter & Co., proprietors. This spring, though over a century old, and of acknowl- edged medicinal value, has not been properly appreciated until recently. In 1SG7 it was retubed and renovated, and since that time, under the direction of its present enterprising pro- prietors, its popularity has been rapidly increasing and its properties better understood. Since last season an elegant pavilion and a neat and tasteful bottling-house have been erected. This Spring is widel}' different from anj^ other in Sara- toga, and possesses peculiar merits. In a general sense, its therapeutic effects are alterative, but it possesses a particu- lar adaptation to inflamed mucous surfaces. In cutaneous diseases it has a high reputation. In many cases of chronic dyspepsia, it has been of the greatest service. Snuffed up the nostrils for nasal catarrh, it removes the inflammation from the mucous surface, as it does from the stomach or bowels when taken internally. Its general effect is to tone up the system, regulate the secretions and vitalize the blood, thereby creating a better appetite and better assimu- lation. It is claimed, by those who have tried it, to be a sure cure for salt rheum, etc. Many persons are benefited by this Avater who cannot bear the more saline springs. 24 SELTZER SPRING. " Saratoga Seltzer Spring Co.," proprietors. Perhaps no one of tlie springs attracts more visitors or gratifies tlie curious more than the Seltzer. It is situated about 150 feet from the High Rock Congress spring, but, although in such close proximity thereto, its water is entirely difterent, thus illustrating the wonderful extent and capacity of nature's subterranean laboratory. The owners of the Seltzer spring have an ingenious con- trivance for exhibiting the flow of the water and its gas. It consists of a glass tube, three feet in height and fifteen inches in diameter, nicely adjusted to the mouth of the spring, through which the SAveet, clear, sparkling water gushes in a steady volume, while, faster than the water, bubble up the glittering globules of pure carbonic acid gas. The spring Avas discovered several years ago, but only recently was it tubed so as to be available. The tube extends down thirty-four feet to the surface of the founda- tion rock. The crevice in the rock through which the water issues is about twelve inches by five. The column of water above the rock is thirty-seven feet high. The flovv^ of gas is abundant and constant, but every few minutes, as the watchful visitor will observe, there is a momentary ebullition of an extraordinar}'^ quantity which causes the water in the tube to boil over the rim. When the sunshine falls upon the fountain it presents a beautiful appearance. This is the only Seltzer spring in this country. The character of the water is almost identical with that of the 25 The Turkish. Eiissian and other Baths, Togetlipr witli other REMEDIAL APPLIANCES, which have been introduced in elegant and expensive style in Drs. STRONG'S REfViEDlAL mSTITUTE, For tlie special benefit of the guests of the Institution, are also OPEN TO THE VISITORS and CITIZENS of SARATOGA. Hours : For Giufhrnen — From 10.00 a. m. to 9.00 p. m. on Tuesdays, Thiirsdav? and Satur- days, and from .3.00 p. m. to 9.00 p. m. on the days allotted to Ladies. ' Fvr Lad ivs— From 10.00 A. M. to 2.00 p. M. on Mondays, Wednesdays anil Fridays. E. R. 8TEVEN8, Jr., BOOKSELLER & STATIONER, 80 & 82 Broadway, SAEATOGA SPRINGS, DKALEK IN LADIES' A.ND (IENTLEMEN'S FASHIONABLE NOTE PAPERS AND ENVELOPES. Fine EnglLsh and French Note Papers in great variety. ELEGANT INITIAL PAPER IN FANCY BOXES. Visitiiif/ and Weddi7ig Cardfi engrared in the latrsi and most faxhionalil'e styles. NEW PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED AS SOON AS ISSUED. Always in Stock a tine selection uf Standard Works. School P.ooks, I'.lank IJooks. Stationery of all kinds. ^^°- FANCY GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY, AND SHEET MUSIC. A Liberal Discount made on Library Orders and to Music Teachers. 2 26 J. R. WOOD & WATERS, Annonnce that they have fitted up an Elegant BMiBii?'s mm UNDER THE CRESCENT HOTEL, COR. BROADWAY AND CONGRESS STREET. Connected with the establishment are PIrii ©toil Ma^tMig II#tm^P FOE WABM AND COLD BATHS, ~ LADIES', mn\ MISSES' and CHILDREN'S foots, f hoes iittd §ttljkts, A fiOOD ASSORTMENT CONSTANTLY ON HAND. J. L. LUCAS, - 102 Broadway, Manufacturer of Lucas' Great Russian Leather Preservative and Waterproof Dressing. S. R. STODDARD, GLENS FALLS, N. Y. PUBLISHER OF STEREOSCOPIC AND LARGE VIEWS OF Glens Falls, Lake George, over 300 diflerent views, Ruins at Ticon- deroga. The Adirondack Wilderness, Schroon Lake, Saratoga, Luzerne, etc., etc. 27 celebrated Nassau spring of Germany, which is justly esteemed so delicious by the natives of the "Fatherland." Our German citizens, with their usual sagacity, have dis- covered this fact, and the consumption of the water by them is daily on the increase. The importance of this American Seltzer spring will be somewhat appreciated by the reader, when informed of the fact that nearly two millions of stone jugs, holding one quart each, of the Nassau Seltzer are annually exported from Germany. The water of this spring is very pleasant to the taste, being slightly acidulous and saline, but much milder than that of the other Saratoga springs. It is an agreeable and wholesome beverage. When mixed with still wines, etc., it adds the peculiar flavor only to be derived from a pure, natural Seltzer. It enlivens them and gives them the character of sparkling wines. Its use as a refreshing beverage and for its remedial qualities is already widely extended, and its popularity rapidly on the increase. Saratoga possesses numerous objects of interest for the German population, surpassing even the famous Spas of Europe, and the discovery of the Seltzer will doubtless attract large numbers of this intelligent and genial people. The analysis of both the Saratoga and the German Selt- zer springs is given on page 44. 28 THE STAR SPRING, on Willow Walk, near the termination of Circular street. Star Spring Compan}'-, proprietors ; A. Putnam, Jr., Supt. Reached from Front street by steps. The waters of this spring have been used for a long time, and have a high reputation. By the recent retubing their mineral quality has been increased and rendered purer. The water is a pleasant bererage, differing somewhat in taste from the other springs. By recent inventions of the superintendent, Mr. Putnam, the water is now presented to the public in a new way, having many advantages over the old method of bottling. Iron casks are lined with por- celain, and are provided with Mr. Putnam's patent faucet, which absolutely prevents the escape of gas while drawing the water, or at any time. The faucet consists of several air chambers, closel}^ fitted together, with valves, and con- necting with a block-tin tube, reaching to the top of the cask. By these inventions the proprietor feels confident that even champagne might be barreled, so dilficult or im- possible is it for the gas to escape. Among other advan- tages of this novel method of putting up water, is its cheapness, and the privilege of being able to obtain a drink of Saratoga water at a moment's notice. The water is also bottled in the usual way for those who prefer. In 1870 the Star Company erected the handsome structure in which their casks and bottles are now filled. The office is very elegant, and Mr. Wright, their book- keeper, has adorned it with a large variety of beautiful plants and flowers. 29 COLUMBIAN SPRING, in Congress park, near the Congress spring. This is a chalybeate or iron water ; it is a strong tonic, and when taken before breakfast, or in too great quantity, is apt to cause a peculiar headache. It is very different from most of the other springs, and should be used with care. Only from a half to one glass should be taken at a time. It also has a diuretic action, and has been used extensively for that purpose. CONGRESS SPRING, in Congress park, on Congress street. This spring is famous as one of the oldest springs of Saratoga. It is a cathartic water. Dose, from three to seven glasses before breakfast. HAMILTON SPRING, on Spring street, corner of Putnam, in the rear of Congress Hall, and a short distance from Hathorn spring. Its prin- cipal action is diuretic, and, in large doses, cathartic. The mineral ingredients are the same as those of the other springs, but, owing to the peculiar combination, the medicinal effects are widely different. It has been found of great service in kidney complaints. From one to three glasses during the day is the usual dose. It should be used under the prescription of a physician, and warm drinks should not be taken immediately after. It is not bottled. 30 PUTNAM SPRING, on Phila street, near Broadway. Used chiefl}^ for bathing purposes. It is a tonic or chalybeate, and, as this goes to press, is being re-tubed. EMPIRE SPRING a few rods above the Star spring, and similar to it, but containing a less quantity of mineral constituents. SARATOGA "A" SPRING was located a few rods from the Red spring. The bottling- liouse was burned down in 1867, and the water is no longer bottled or used. WASHINGTON SPRING, in the grounds of the Clarendon Hotel, South Broadway, sometimes called the "Champagne spring," on account of its sparkling properties. This is one of the pleasantest waters in Saratoga. It is a delicious beverage as well as a superior tonic. The grounds in the immediate vicinity are very picturesque, and are thronged by the most fashionable. In the evening, the grounds are lighted by gas, and large numbers visit the spring. It was first tubed in 1806, be- fore any other in this mineral valley. We learn that in 1828 "the waters of this fountain were seldom drank on account of its remote situation, but were resorted to by the indigent for the purpose of external application, and were 31 found to be of eminent service when applied to old, ill-con- ditioned ulcers, and obstinate eruptions of the skin."* At the present day it is one of the most popular springs. It was never properly tubed till 1858-9, when the tubing was accomplished with the greatest difficulty. The water is bottled to some extent. The dose is from one to two glasses. It should be used for a long time to secure the full benefit. In the same grounds, and within one or two rods, is the Leland Spring, which at the present writing has not been developed. ELLIS SPRING on the Ballston road near the Geyser. This is the only spring which flows in a horizontal direction, issuing from the hillside and flowing down the valley. It is very similar to the Columbian in its properties. It has been long known, but is used very little. It is a pleasant beverage. Mineral water has been found in other localities, but at present the above is a complete list of the Saratoga Mineral Springs. We have endeavored to represent them fairly, and in our description of them have stated nothing that we have not had ample reason to believe. DIRECTIONS FOR DRINKING THE WATERS. It is impossible to give com/plete and invariable directions for drinking any of the waters. * An analysis of the mineral waters of Saratoga and Ballston, by Dr. J. H. Steel,"lB28. 32 The experience and necessities of each individual can alone determine many things in regard to their use. It is advisable to consult some experienced resident physician who understands tlie properties of all of the springs and yet 7ias no immediate interest in either of them. The CATHARTIC watcrs, as a cathartic, should be taken only before breakfast in the morning, and possibly before retiring at night, because in the morning the body, refreshed by sleep, is best prepared for the water, and the stomach is empty. The water should be drank slowly, and, if more than one glass is taken, it should be after a suitable interval. Before eating, the sipping of a little tea or coffee will make the waters more efficacious. None of the cathartic waters should be drank immedi- ately before, during or within two hours after meals, as they are then liable to disturb digestion and prevent nutrition. As an ALTERATIVE, the waters should be drank in small quantities at various intervals during the day. As their alterative effect is from the absorption of the water, the quantity taken should be small. The chalybeate or tonic waters are liable to cause head- ache wiien taken before breakfast. They may be used with benefit before or after dinner and tea. Only from a half to one glass should be taken at a time. The diuretic waters should be drank before meals, and at night, and should not be followed by warm drinks. The enormous quantities of water which some persons imbibe at the popular springs is perfectly shocking, and can only be injurious. It Is no uncommon occurrence to 33 see persons driuk from live to ten glasses of Congress or Hathorn water with scarcely any interval, and the writer has heard of a lady who swallowed within a few minutes fourteen glasses of one of the springs. It is to be pre- sumed that her thirst was satisfied, as no further account of her has been given. Those who are taking a course of mineral water will usually find their appetite increased thereby. An abundance of vegetables should be avoided, and only those which are perfectly fresh should be used. Frequent bathing in mineral water and otherwise will be found beneficial. BOTTLING OF THE WATERS. The first attempt to extend the benefits of the spring water beyond the limits of Saratoga was made by Gideon Putnam. He secured two large potash kettles for evapo rating the mineral water, and sold in packages, quite exten- sively, the salts which were precipitated. It was not long, however, before it was discovered that spring water could not be reproduced by dissolving these salts. About the year 1826 tlie bottling of the water was first commenced, and, since that time, has become a very flourishing and extensive business. The work of bottling at the principal springs is kept up during the year, except for a few weeks of the fashionable season. The present niode, in its various processes, requires con- siderable care and time before the cases of water are shipped to the market. Particular attention is paid to the cleansing of the bottles. The finest of corks are imported, and are 34 first soaked in hot water, till they become perfectly com- pressible. The spring water is pumped into the bottling house through block-tin pipes, and from a small receiver the bottles are filled. The corks are then driven in by machinery and the bottles packed away in bins of several hundred dozen. Here they are allowed to remain four or five days, to test the strength of the bottles and to ascertain if any of the corks are leaky. The expansion of the gas is so great that it requires strong bottles to retain it. Where imperfections exist, as they frequently do, the bottles will burst, sometimes with a loud report. Having been thouroughly tested, the corks of the bottles are secured by a copper wire and packed in the cases with great care. When the case is filled, the packer walks on the bottles, to again test their strength and to prevent any liability of breakage after the boxes leave the establish- ment. With all these precautions, it is no wonder that the cases of spring water, however roughly handled, always reach their destination perfectly secure, and without the escape of the carbonic acid gas. The amount of the water which is bottled in this manner at some of the springs amounts to two hundred dozen bot- tles a day. To supply the bottles for this immense business, a large GLASS FACTORY has been erected south of the village and near the railroad, and is well worth a visit. 35 HOTELS. Saratoga has the largest and most extensive in the world. There are in all from thirty to forty, and in addition to them numerous public and private boarding-houses accomo- date a large number of guests. We have room to notice only the largest and best. The gem of Saratoga, and one the finest, if not the finest^ hotel in this country is CONGRESS HALL. Extending from Spring to Congress street, with a front on Broadway of 416 feet, and reaching with its two mam- moth wings 300 feet back, it is architecturally a perfect beauty. The rooms are large and elegant. The halls are 10 feet wide, and broad, commodious stairways, with the finest elevator in the country render every portion readily accessible. A front piazza, 20 feet wide and 240 feet in length, with numerous others within the grounds, and a promenade on the top of the hotel affording a charming view, contribute to render the house attractive. The dining halls, parlors, etc., are superb and ample, and every thing about the house is on a scale of unequalcd magnifi- cence and grandeur. The proprietors have endeavored to incorporate into this hotel every thing that can aford comfort and pleasure, at whatever expense. The cut of Congress Hall, on the cover^ will give some idea of its outlines, but fails to do it justice. It must be 36 37 seen to be appreciated, and when seen commands the un- qualified admiration of the beholder. UNION HALL. This mammoth concern is located on Broadwa}^ opposite Congress Hall. It has a front on Broadway of 450 feet, and attractive grounds in the rear. The public office of this house is said to be the finest hotel office in the world. It is 50 by 70 feet, and is elegantly fitted up with white and colored marbles. A series of colonnades rise from the center of the office to the dome. This hotel accommodates more guests than unj other, but one, in the world. Warren Leland is the present manager. THE CLARENDON is patronized by a very cultivated and select class of guests. Its location is very picturesque ; and within its inclosure, surrounded by magnificent pines and covered with a superb pagoda, is the celebrated Washington spring. The Leland spring, named in honor of the affable pro- prietor of the hotel, is also within the grounds. A few steps above the new town hall, on Broadway, in a quiet and yet central location, is the 38 WAYEELY HOUSE, m Ill g^|?^w of|wliicli Mr. AYm. C. Jones is proprietor. Last year the house was newly furnished throughout, and just before the 39 opening of the present season outside and inside have been rendered even more attractive by tlie painter's brush, wliile various other improvements have been made. Tlie rooms of this hotel are very large and airy, A double piazza, 340 feet in length, entirely surrounds the house, affording a splendid promenade and a delightful place to while away a summer afternoon. The many brilliant equipages and dashing turnouts, which render Broadway so attractive, are here seen in their glory. The High Rock, Empire, Star and Red springs are only a few steps from the house. The proprietor designs to afford the greatest comfort and and at reasonable rates. THE EVERETT HOUSE, on South Broadway, a few steps beyond the Clarendon, is well patronized by a wealthy and cultivated class of guests. A very pleasant piazza surrounding the front of the house, and a pretty lawn and cottage in the grounds, are attractive features of this sununer hotel. The house has a home-like appearance and a delightful location. 40 THE CONTINENTAL HOTEL r 'i^ |lj|^|:IJai]|il|g on Wasliington street, is well kept, and enjoys a high reputation. Its rooms are very large and pleasant. It is well represented in the cut, and is really one of the best hotels of Saratoga. THE CRESCENT HOTEL, under the management of Dr. R. Hamilton, is an excellent place to stop. Although a medical institute is connected with it, it is entirely free from an}'- objections that may be supposed to pertain to such, but is rendered more desirable thereby. 41 mmPM ttiifi. This House will he open for Boarders froin the 17th of June to the 5th of September. The Rooms are lai^ge and pleasant. The Grounds are ample and well shaded. The Terms for Board will he from $18 to $25 per week, according to time, accommoda- tions, rooms, etc. Transient Board $3.50 per day. A discount of 10 per cent will he made to all clergymen actually engaged in the gos- pel ministry. Families taken at special rates. The Omnihus for TEMPLE GROVE will he at the Station to meet all lYaiits. HENRY M. DOWD, PROPRIETOR. 42 Adirondack Herd Anti[|ue Marble Co's Itii iiiiii tiiii 7?) Situated at the Junction of the Adirondack and Kensselaer & Saratoga R. R., SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., Are prepared, on short notice and favorable terms, to fill all orders for work in all varieties of Marble, Foreiii^n and Domestic, Jfonts, ^ixBtB, Centre S^abks, Ulanttls, COUNTERS, WAINSCOTIN&, TILING, &c. r)ESi&iS"S fxjr:n"iske;d. The special attention of the public is called to our VERD ANTIQUE MARBLES, from our Quarries at Thurman, Warren County, Avhich are pronounced b}" mineralogists and "workers, as equal, if not superior, to any foreign marbles ever introduced into this country. Orders for all varieties of these Marbles, in block or sawed to dimensions, promptly filled. Address VERD ANTIQUE MARBLE CO., SARATOGA SPRINGS. N. Y. 4a There are few places more lovely or possessing more attractions for those who wish retirement and rest, than the surroundings of the MANSION HOUSE, near tlie Excelsior, Eureka and White Sulphur springs and Excelsior Lake. Mrs. E. G. Chipman, who has recently become the proprietress, will render it a delightful home. BOARDING-HOUSES abound in all parts of the village. Some are very large and commodious, and others private and home-like. A list of the largest and best, so far as we have been able to ascertain, is inserted elsewhere. The Vermont House, on Grove, corner Front street, is furnished in excellent style and is neat and tidy. The parlors and dining rooms would do credit to many of the hotels in i)oint of finish. It is a well-kept boarding-house. The Huestis House, the Pitney House and Washington Hall are among the largest. Many people prefer these boardins-houses to the laro;e hotels. ANALYSIS^«^«B»i^/ OF THE B:^ C 3F. CHAIN r>LER, Pli. 13. In one gallon of 231 cubic inches are contained— Saratoga Seltzek. Gehman Seltzer. (C. F. Chandler.) (Kastner.) Chloride of Sodium 1S4.291 grains. 132.673 grains Chloride of Potassium 1.3:35 " 0.469 " Bromide of Sodium, 0.630 " 0.001 " Iodide of Sodium, 0.031 " Fluoride of Calcium, trace. 0.012 " Bicarbonate of Lithia, 0.899 " .005 " Bicarbonate of Soda, 29.428 " 74.773 " Bicarbonate of Magnesia, 40.339 " 22.334 " Bicarbonate of Lime 89.869 " 22.937 " Bicarbonate of Strontia, trace. 0.083 " Bicarbonate of Baryta, trace. Bicarbonate of Iron 1.703 " 0.919 " Bicarbonate of Manganese, 0.027 " Sulphate of Potassa, 0.557 " 2.217 " Biborate of Soda., trace. Phospliate of Soda, trace. 2.132 " Alumina, 0.374 " trace. Silica, 2.561 " 1.905 " Total, 302.017 grains. 260.507 grains. Carbonic Acid Gas, 324.08 cu. in. 228.73 cu. in. Temperature of Water at Spring, Saratoga, 50* Fah. THE SAEATOGA WATER IS UNSURPASSED FOR MIXTURE WITH RED AND WHITE WINES. Dialers for the Wafer received by FREDERICK ROWLEY, Superintendent, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., Or by EBERT & GROSVENOR, Sole Agents. Depot of the Company, 125 Hudson Street, New York City. Small Bottles per Doz. $2. Large Bottles per Doz. $3. ALSO SOLD IN TANKS HOLDING 10 AND 20 GALLONS. 45 TEMPLE GROVE SEMINARY. 46 This Institution is beautifully situated in a grove in the eastern part of the village, on what was formerly called Temple Hill, hence the name. The grounds occupy the whole square on Spring street, between Circular and Regent streets. All the noted springs of Saratoga are within a few min- utes walk of the Seminary, while Congress Park is but one block distant. The Institution is under the efficient man- agement of Charles F. Dowd, A. M., a graduate of Yale College, and it aftbrds the best advantages for a complete and solid education. The "Regular Graduating Course" occupies a period of four years, and embraces the principal studies pursued in our best colleges for young men, while much liberty is allowed to "optional studies," which supply the more modern and artistic accomplishments. Every facility for improvement which libraries and apparatus can afford is found at this institution ; and the religious and moral cul- ture of the students is conscientiously cared for in a liberal and faithful Christian spirit. Among the patrons of the Seminary are some of the best families of the leading cities of the country. These supe- rior advantages are aflbrded at very reasonable charges. The endowment is found in the fact that during the long vacation of the summer months, from June to September, the building is opened as a summer resort. At this time its spacious and well furnished rooms, and well supplied table, under the efficient direction of Henry M. Dowd, dis- pense to its select patrons the greatest comforts and luxu- ries of the very first-class hotels. Its omnibus runs to the 47 depot to meet all trains. The delightful grove and grounds, a few steps removed from the bustle and confusion of the great hotels, and its accessibility to all the springs in Sara- toga, renders the Seminary particularly desirable to lovers of health and comfort. SARATOGA AS A HEALTH RESORT. The world-wide fame of Saratoga as a fashionable water- ing place is not greater than its reputation as a health resort. Without doubt, it possesses greater advantages for the recovery of health than any other place in America, if not in the world. These advantages are not merely its won- derful healing waters, for which it is so justly celebrated. The climate of Saratoga is peculiarly salubrious. On the north and west the Kayaderosseras mountain affords its protection and shelter, and the Green mountain range on the east, with the Catskills on the south, combine to shield the village from raw winds and drifting storms. Adorned with the most beautiful groves of pine and fir, the atmos- phere is said to resemble that of Minnesota. The village is sufficiently rural for quiet and retirement, while it affords many advantages to be found onl}^ in large cities. The combination of these circumstances point to Sara- toga as the great physical Mecca. Hither come from near and far hundreds of pilgrims, worn out by professional duties or the activities of business life, and sufferers from the various chronic diseases that flesli is heir to. Since the number of health-seekers is so great, it is 48 natural that particular accomodations should be made for them. To supply this want, several large and flourishing HEALTH INSTITUTIONS have arisen. Their success has been unqualified. The advantages afforded are not merely a change of climate and habits, but embrace facilities and remedial appliances unavailable in general practice. The institutions of Saratoga have a wide reputation. As no Guide to the place would be complete, without an account of them, we publish here some of the features of the most celebrated. The Remedial Institute of Drs. S. S. & S. E. Strong is located on Circular, between Spring and Phila streets, and just above Temple Grove. It is probably surpassed by no institution in this country or Europe, in the elegance of its appointments and the completeness of its appliances. The house will accomodate about two hundred guests. Its patrons are from the most cultivated Christian people of the land. Among the large number of clergymen who make this their summer home is the distinguished Dr. Cuyler, who has made his annual visits to Saratoga for over twenty successive summers. The institute is finished in the very best taste and heated by steam, while the bath rooms are exceedingly elegant? and are one of the chief attractions of Saratoga. Among the special appliances which are used in the treatment of invalids, is the Equalizer or vacuum treat- ment, electro-thermal baths, Swedish movement cure. 49 vibrator, Russian batli, sulpliur air batli, oxygen gas, Turk- ish and every other form of bath. A very neat pamphlet describing these appliances and their modus ojjerandi has been issued by the doctors, who are graduates of the medical department of New York University, and have attained eminent rank in their pro- fession. As a summer liome this house fully meets the wants of those desiring tirst-class accomodations, and its remedial character does not diminish its attractions. Dr. Hamilton's Medical Institute is located on Broad- way, corner Congress street, and opposite Congress Park. This institution is a delightful home. In addition to the various remedial appliances which contribute to the recov- ery of invalids, including the celebrated Swedish move- ment cure, electro-chemical baths, oxygenized air bath rooms, health lift, numerous means of healthful recrea- tion are also provided. Daily devotions and frequent social and religious meetings are characteristic features of the house. Comfort and pleasure are afforded at reason- able prices. During the warm season the house is opened to the public, and affords first-class accommodations to the large numbers of cultivated people who make it their summer home. The proprietor. Dr. Hamilton, has had a large practice and is widely known throughout the country. 50 Dks. Bedortha's Watek Cure has a pleasant location on Broadway, opposite Congress spring and Park. This is the oldest medical institution in Saratoga, and, during the long time since its establishment, it has made many friends. It has been patronized by large numbers from all parts of the country, and has a wide-spread name. The Invalids' Guide, by Dr. N. Bedortha, contains an account of the mode of treatment and remedies used in the institution. In addition to these medical institutions, numerous phy- sicians devote special attention to the visiting population and to the medicinal use of the waters. DRIVES AND WALKS. The most fashionable drive is the new Boulevard to the Lake. This drive is four miles in length, with a row of trees on each side and one in the middle. Carriages pass down on one side and return on the other. For a long time it has been the principal drive in Saratoga, but until recently there have been few attractions besides the gay and brilliant procession of carriages with their fair occupants and superb horses. Since last season immense sums of money have been expended on the avenues and roads in the vicinity of Saratoga, and this new boulevard is now a very magnificent drive, although not completed as yet. Near the outlet of the lake, on a blutf fifty feet above the surface of the water, is Moon's Lake House, one of the fea- 51 tures of Saratoga. The grounds around the house are attractive, and command a tine view of the lake. The hobby of the Lake House is Fried Potatoes, and these they serve in good style. They are sold in papers like confec- tionery. Chapman's Hill, a mile beyond the Lake House, is one hundred and eighty feet above the level of the lake. A charming view is obtained from the hill, but not as fine as is afforded from Wagman's Hill, three miles beyond, and sixty feet higher. Hagerty Hill, six miles north of the village, toward Luzerne, brings to view a fine landscape. Bemis' Heights, the scene of the famous engagement between Burgoyne and General Gates, is about fifteen miles distant, in Stillwater, and is visited by large numbers of people. But the most extended view and the boldest landscape may ])e seen from Waring Hill, on the Mount Pleasant road, and about fifteen miles from Saratoga Springs. Saratoga, Ballston, Schenectady, Waterford, Mechanics- ville, Schuylerville, Saratoga lake, Round lake, etc., etc., by the aid of a glass, can all be discerned from this hill. There are other and shorter drives in Saratoga which are very attractive. Spring avenue, leading to the Excelsior and Sulphur springs, and round by Lake avenue, is very pleasant. The road to Ballston and the Geyser spring has recently been improved. The entire length of Broadway is a magnificent drive, 52 About a mile above Congress Hall the half-mile track and handsome grounds of Glen Mitchel are located. By far the most beautiful walk in Saratoga is the walk THROUGH THE GROVE TO THE ExcELSioR SPRING. Car- riages and omnibuses may be taken as far as the grove. A pleasant hour may be spent in the woods, after a stroll through which, the delicious water of the Excelsior spring will be refreshing indeed. Congress Park is a lovely place and a great resort. There are many other walks in almost every direction which the pedestrian will find interesting. AMUSEMENTS. Of these the chief is flirting and dancing. Every after- noon the various bands at the large hotels discourse deli- cious music. The various drives, croquet, and a visit to the circular railway and Indian encampment, are enjoyed by many. During race week the races are the all-absorbing theme. The evening finds a brillant party in the various ball-rooms, while at the more retired hotels and boarding- houses, charades and tableaux give opportunity for the display of wit and beauty. The streets are thronged with a gay and brilliant multitude, engaged in riding, driving or walking, each e.ijoying to the utmost a fascinating kind of busy idleness. The attractions of Saratoga society are famous. Those who are not matrimonially inclined should know that during their sojourn at the Spa, they are surrounded 53 by dangers on every hand. Cupid for many years has made Saratoga his summer home. GAMBLING AND OTHER VICES. A few steps from Congress spring, and directly opposite the park, stands the chib-house or gambling establishment of John Morrissey. Few are the journals of city or country, in even the remote sections of our land, that have not contained some account or allusion to Mr. Morrissey's establishment. It has become one of the first objects to which the atten- tion of visitors is attracted. A very exaggerated idea of its magnificence has been excited by so much talk and the glowing accounts of penny-a-liners. For instance, we are told that one of the "very finest" oil paintings in the country adorned its walls, but when we came to investigate we learned that the expense of this "magnificent work of art" amounted to about $3,500. We concluded that either Mr. M. was exceedingly shrewd in purchasing or else the finest paintings were at a discount. The building is very substantial, and is well furnished. That its finish and furnishings are superior or equal to the first class residences of our cities is by no means true. During the past winter a large addition has been made to it, the main object of which, it is said, is for the selling of pools for the races. This is by far the finest part of the building. The case of the Y. M. C. A. i\ Morrissey remains yet undecided, but that association closed three other estab- 64: lishments for the same purpose. During the winter and spring such efforts have been made by the leading citizens of Saratoga to restrain, within proper bounds, the vices and crimes incident to any fashionable resort, that it may be hoped that Saratoga will become the most moral, as it is now the most celebrated, watering-place in the world. Large numbers of the most cultivated, as well as the most wealthy, people are among the summer residents of Sara- toga, and a majority of its citizens will sustain this action for the suppression of open vice. THE SARATOGA MARBLE WORKS. The tourist, interested in science, or fond of the beauti- ful, will find a new attraction in Saratoga this year, in the steam mills and magnificent marbles of The Adirondack Verd-Antique Marble Co. The workshops where the marble receives its shape are located in this village, near the freight depot. The quarries are situated in the town of Thurman, Warren county, some seven miles north-west of Thurman station, on the Adirondack railroad. This peculiar rock embraces an area of about seventy- five acres, lying in ridges of some forty to sixty feet above the water level, and surrounded by the common gneissoid granite of that region. The depth of the bed, judging from geological indications, is not less than four hundred feet. The marble consists of lime, magnesia and silex in a metamorphic condition. It is variously colored, combin- ing the black and green of the Lapland, and the light and dark mottled greens of the Etruscan and Franconian verd- 55 antiques, with au almost endless variety of shadings and blendings of coloring. The marble occupies a portion of a basin-shaped valley surrounded by hills, some of them rising to the height of fifteen hundred feet. Unlike other varieties of the ornamental marbles, this admits of being worked in very thin slabs without cement- ation, as the magnesia forms the vinculum or paste by which the grains or particles of which it is composed are held together, and performs the same otRce as magnesia does in forming hydraulic lime of the common carbonates. This property enables it to be cut sharper, to sustain pres- sure, and to withstand the action of the weather in a man- ner very much superior to any of the white marbles. This deposit, whose geological position is in the upper group or division of the Laurentian series of rocks, has been considered azoic, and deposited long prior to the appearance of any organized existence on the earth, but more acute investigation has revealed the fact that it is almost entirely made up of organic remains, — the Eozoon Canadense, the oldest known fossil on the globe. The Eozoon Canadense was a foraminiferous creature of microscopic dimensions, which lived in communities and built up its stony receptacles in the ocean, in a manner analogous to tlie corals of the present time. In the fossil remains muriatic acid develops the structure in a bautiful manner. Scattered through the marble are large patches of transparent noble seri)entine, some of which are ex- tremely beautiful, rcseml)ling moss agate. Specimens of this marble, highly polished, are on exhi- bition at the office on Broadway, and at tlie workshop. Scientific men will doubtless speedily avail themselves of this opportunity to procure for their center tables a mar- ble top composed of the remains of the earliest form of existence known. SARATOGA AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE. Saratoga has been so modest that its many advantages as a place of residence are often overlooked. That it possesses not a few unusual and delightful attractions, while it is not behind other places of its size in scarcely any respect, must be acknowledged. Not alone the constant use of its spring waters, but its dry and bracing climate, its magnifi- cent groves and finely shaded streets, these and numerous other favorable circumstances contribute to make Saratoga unsurpassed as a permanent home. At one portion of the year the most distinguished, cultivated and wealthy of our own country are gathered here, and sight seeing can be done at home and on our own doorsteps. The many bless- ings which follow in the train of wealth and culture are found here. Travelers from other climes who visit our country seldom return until they have drank from these celebrated fountains, and enjoyed the comforts of these mammoth hotels. An opportunity is afforded in the vari- ous pulpits of the village to listen to the most eloquent preachers of the day. The home society of Saratoga is very pleasant, and uncor- rupted by the flash and glitter of the summer carnival. Notwithstanding all these benefits, which the resident population enjoy, the expense of living is moderate, and 57 58 certainly below other and less celebrated watering places. That these advantages are becoming appreciated is evinced by the numerous and costly dwellings that are being erected on almost every street. The average rise in real estate has been about ten per cent per annum for several years, and it may be con- fidently hoped that this beautiful place, possessing such peculiar attractions, will become the center of a large population. Educational institutions and manufacturing interests should flourish here. Tasteful cottages for summer residents are needed. The present population is about 9,000. For information in regard to real estate and permanent or transient homes in Saratoga, our readers are referred to Messrs. Wm. M Searing & Son, Real Estate Agents, Ainsworth's place, Broadway. LIST OF HOTELS AND PRINCIPAL BOARDING HOUSES. Albemarle Hotel, Broadway. Albion House, Front street. American Hotel, Broadway, Bennett & McCaflrey. Broadway Hall, Broadway, S. P. Briggs. Broadway House, Broadway, J. Howland. Cedar Bluff Hotel, Lake, H. U. Myers. Circular Street House, Circular street, L. R. Simons. Clarendon Hotel, Broadway, C. E. Leland. Columbian Hotel, Broadway, P. S. Waugh. 59 Commercial Hotel, Church street, corner Matilda, S. W. Smith & Co. Congress Hall, Broadway, H. H. Hathorn & Co. Continental Hotel, Washington street, M. M. Smalley. Cottage Home, Miss L. Burbauck. Crescent Hotel, Broadway, corner Congress street, R. Hamilton. Everett House, South Broadway, B. V. Frazier. Empire Hotel, Front street, C. H. Kendall. Glen Mitchel, Broadway, C. Weeks Mitchel. Grand Union Hotel, Broadway, Leland. Holden House, Broadway, W. J. Riggs. Hotel Germania, Broadway, G. Schmidt. Green Mountain House, Washington street, Chaffee & Wooster. Huestis House, 34 Broadway, J. L. Huestis. Lake House, Lake, C. B. Moon. Lake Side House, Lake, C. B. Moon, Jr. Manor House, South Broadway. Mansion House, Spring avenue, near Excelsior spring, Mrs. E. G. Chipman. Marvin House, Broadway, A. & D. Snyder. Merchants Hotel, Caroline street, corner Henry, G. H. Burrows^ Mount Pleasant House, Broadway, C. H. Teft. Osborn House, Front, corner Van Dam, Geo, F. White. Pitney House, Congress street, J. Pitney. Park Place Hotel, Broadway, C. R. Brown. Pavilion Hotel, Division street, Eldridge & Co. Summer Resort, Franklin street. 60 Temple Grove, Circular street, H. M. Dowd. Vermont House, Grove street, corner Front, B. V. Dyer. Waverly House, Broadway, Wm. C. Jones. Western Hotel, Church street, corner Lawrence, French &Co. Wilbur House, Washington street. St. James Hotel, Congress street. Van Vleck. WHERE TO TRADE IN SARATOGA. For the convenience of visitors we publish below a notice of some of the best business houses. We have admitted no one in whom we have not confidence, and have said noth- ing in regard to them that we do not fully indorse. BOOKS, STATIONERY, PERIODICALS, ETC. Mr. E. R. Stevens, Jr., first door above Congress Hall, Broadway, keeps a good assortment, is polite and attentive to his customers, and has the latest issues. Music, as soon as published, may be found at his bookstore. MEDICINES, TOILET ARTICLES, PERFUMERY, ETC. F. T. Hill & Co., 163 Broadway, opposite the Marvin House. By personal experience we have found this house reliable, accurate and expeditious in pharmacy. They keep the best, and at reasonable prices. DRY GOODS, MILLINERY, FANCY NOTIONS, ETC. J. H. Carpenter & Co., Broadway, is a desirable place to trade. Those who wish for superior goods, at reason- able prices, will do well to give them a call. 61 BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS of the best style are kept by J. L. Lucas, 102 Broadway. A large assortment is kept constantly. Mr. Lucas is also the discoverer and manufacturer of Lucas' Russian Leather Preservative and Waterproof Dressing for boots and shoes. HATS, CAPS, ETC. Vibbard, the fashionable hatter, Ainsworth place, Broad- way, has the best store, the largest assortment, and the most elegant styles in Saratoga. DR. C. H. RICH, DENTIST, Phila street opposite the Post-Office. Dr. Rich is a per- fect gentleman as well as a very siqjeri&r dentist. CONFECTIONERY, ICE CREAM, SODA, ETC. Scidmore & Van Deusen, 142 Broadway, have constantly on hand a large variety of the very best of Maillard's con- fectionary. They also have ice cream, soda water, etc. BOARDING STABLE AND LR^ERY. Dexter's on Division street near the railroad station. Among the large number of liveries, Dexter's is one of the largest and best. His carriages and horses are first-class and his coachmen accommodating and civil. Mr. Dexter has also a first-class boarding stable, entirely distinct from the livery. The terms are reasonable. Should Mr. Bonner visit Saratoga this summer he will probably patronize Dexter. 62 LANDSCAPE VIEWS. The most beautiful aud artistic views, stereoscopic and cabinet, of Saratoga, Lake George, etc., with which we are acquainted, are made by Mr. S. R. Stoddard, who is also a portrait painter of acknowledged talent. Very few visit these great watering places without wish ing to take home with them some mementoes of their sur^ roundings, and the want is supplied in Mr. Stoddard's views, embracing as they do many scenes of great beauty as well as interest, and making many of them what they were designed to be, really "■ studies for artists.'" TONSORIAL. J. R Wood & Waters, under Crescent Hotel, corner Congress street and Broadway, lather and shave in a supe- rior manner. They are first-class barbers. Their rooms are neat and cosy, and have connected with them a bath- ing establishment for warm and cold baths. Mr. Wood has gained an excellent patronage and many friends by his successful management while under the American. Next^ gentlemen. 63 Drs. STRONG'S INSTITUTE Affords to Clergymen and Christian people an elegant and inviting home. Its appointments are most complete and adapted to all seasons of the year. Since last season the house has been greatly enlarged, steam has been introduced for heating purposes, and the finish is in modern and superior style. IN COMMERCIAL BANK BUILDING, Entraitre on PltiUi St., opposUe the Posl Ofih i\ SGIDMORE & VAN DEUSEN. Ice Cream, French and American Confection- ery, Fruits and Nuts of all kinds, AIbo a fine assortment of Toys, Dolls and Children's Carriages, Mats and Kobee. IVo. 14^ UROA13WAA. 64 CRYSTAL SPRING, PARK PLACE, BROADWAY. C. R. BROV/N, - - - Proprietor, By PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, of the Columbia School of Mines. Solid contents of one gallon, of 231 cubic inches : Chloride of Sodium 328.468 grains. Chloride of Potassium 8.327 Bromide of Sodium 414 Iodide of Sodium .066 " Fluoride of Calcium trace Bicarbonate of Lithia 4.326 " Bicarbonate of Soda 10.064 *' Bicarbonate of Magnesia 75.161 " Bicarbonate of Lime 101.881 Bicarbonate of Strontia , trace " Bicarbonate of Baryta 726 " Bicarbonate of Iron 2.038 " Sulphate of Potassa 2.158 " Phosphate of Soda 009 Biborate of Soda trace " Alumina -305 " Silica 3.213 " Organic matter trace " Sulphur, Total 537.155 Carbonic Acid Gas 317.452 cubic inches. Density 1.006 Temperature 45^. From Br. Bedortha. "This valuable Spring adds new attractions to invalids and to all who visit Saratoga. The waters are highlj^ medicinal and equal to the best springs of the place. They are cathartic and to7iic^ containing, as is seen, iron and sulphur, very useful in dyspepsia, constipation, Icidney complaints, scrofula, skin dis- eases, rheumatism, &c., and a cooling and refreshing beverage." N. BEDORTHA, M. D. 65 Eureka Mineral & White Sulphur Spring Water AND WHITE SULPHUR BATHS, Lake Avenue, Saratoga Springs. — — ^ •^♦^^— The Eureka Spring Company's pure White Sulphur Spring, discovered last Summer, is now open for visitors. THE water is Epal m Quality and Strengtli to tHe Dest WMte SiiMiur Springs In this State, and far superior to most of them. The Company has erected a pleasant BATHING HOUSE CONTAINING FIFTY BATH ROOMS, And replete with every convenience for WARM and COLD SULPHUR BATHS. Single Bstli Tickets, Fifty Cents. Co ipon Tickets, good for 12 Baths, - Five Dollars. The Company also invites attention to its superior Minkral Spring, entirely distinct from the White Sulphur Spring, thou,^h distant only a few rods from it. The following is the analysis hy R. L. Allen, M.D., of Saratoga Springs : Iodide of Soda 4.666 grs. Bromide of Potassa 1.566 " SiUca 532 " Chloride of Sodium 466.811 grs Bicarbonate of Soda 8.750 " Bicarbonate of Lime 41.:*J1 " Bicarbonate of Magnesia . 29.340 Carbonate of Iron 3.000 Alumina 231 Sulphate of Magnesia 2.148 Carbonic Acid, 239.000. Atmospheric Air, 2.000. This water Ih very pleasant to the taste, and is considered peculiarly pfflcacious in dyspepsia and all diseases and affections of the Liver and Kidnevs. Orders may be addressed EUREKA SPRING COMPANY, Boj- IHl Post f^ffficf, Saratoga SprifigN, X. }'., nr Mr. I'.KNM. .1. Lkvy, .\Koiit Kureka Si)ring Company, No. 7 Hudson R. H. H- Depot, Varlck Street, New York. Circulars, stating prloes, &c., may be had at the Spring, or by addressing as above. Saratoga Springs, May, 1871. 66 THE SAHA^TOO^ GEYSER (OR SPOUTING) SPRING is locatert at the late manufactory of Messrs. VAIL & SEAVEY.near CADY HILL, about a mile south of the village on the Ballston road. It appar- ently flows from a crevice in the rock, 150 feet below the surface. This crevice was struck hv drilling. The water, as shown by the analysis, is a powerful cathartic, and contains a larger amount of valuable medicinal properties than any other Spring at Saratoga. The water is verv cold, and IS thrown up by the action of its own carbonic acid gas with great force, producing a fountain Jet very attractive in appearance. The proprietors invite a comparison of the waters of the Geyser Spring with any other mineral fountain at Saratoga or elsewhere. The foUowinii; comparison with other springs at Saratoeja, of the respective solid contents of mineral substances in a ^'fiHon of water, most fully demonstrates the superiority of the Gey- ser as a medicinal spring : Geyser, or Spouting Spring, solid contents 991 .546 grains. Congress Spring 567.943 " Empire Spring 496.352 " High Rock Spring 628.0:38 " Star Spring 615.685 " Seltzer Spring 461 .680 " Excelsior Spring 513.746 " Hathorn Spring 888.403 " Gettysburg Katalysine Spring 266.930 " ANALYSIS OF THE GEYSER SPRING. SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. By PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, Ph. D., Professor of Analytical and Applied Chemistry, Columbia College. Grains. Chloride of Sodium 562.080 Chloride of Potassium 24.634 Bromide of Sodium 2.212 Iodide of Sodium. 0.248 Fluoride of Calcium trace Bicarbonate of Lithia 7.004 Bicarbonate of Soda 71 .232 Bicarbonate of Magnesia... 149.343 Bicarbonate of Lime 170.392 Bicarbonate of Strontia .... 0.425 Grains. Bicarbonate of Baryta 2.014 Bicarbonate of Iron 0.979 Sulphate of Potassa 0.318 Phosphate of Soda trace Biborate of Soda trace Alumina trace Silica 0.665 Organic matter trace Total solid contents 991.546 Carbonic Acid Gas in 1 U. S. gal 454.082 cub. in. Density 1 .011 Temperature 46° Fah. A I) D K K S S SAEATOGA SPEIJS-GS, JV. 7". 07 OF THE -•♦« The following analysis of Bed Spring water was made by Prof. John H. Appi>eton, of Brown University, Provi- dence, P. I. The amounts specify the number of grains of the various substances in one Imperial gallon of the water : Bicarbonate of Litliia LiO,HO 2 C02, .242 grains. Bicarbonate of Soda NaO,HO 2 C02, 15.327 Bicarbonate of Magnesia, MgO,HO 2 C02, 42.413 Bicarbonate of Lime CaO.HO 2 C02, 101.256 Clorideof Sodium Na CI, 83.530 ;| Chloride of Potas.sium K CI, 6.587 ^^ Alumina and Sesquioxide of Iron 2.100 Silica 3.255 Phosphates a trace. 254.710 " We present above the analysis, one of the most careful and complete examinations ever made, and showing the presence, in great abundance, of those elements which con- stitute the value of all mineral springs. The elfect of this water as an alterative is far superior to that of any other spring, and so great that small c[uantities ])roduce the desired results, inaking it, thereby, wonderfully suited to the weakest stomachs, in cases of long and extreme chronic disease. This quality of the water is due to the peculiar combination of its ingredients. We revert only to the fact which every chemist knows, that a slight change in its elements often converts a deadly poison into a nutritious food or a powerful medicine. Dr. Steel spoke of the wonderful power of this water in curing Salt Rheum and skin diseases, nearly fifty years ago, in a little work he wrote on the character of " Our Mineral Spkincis." For particulars of the many cures by the use of tliis water, call for a circular, at the bottling-house of the Ped Spring, on Spring avenue. 68 SARATOGA, N. Y. For a period of over half a century, the water of this sprinji^ has been favorably known to the citizens and visitors of Sara- toga, and yet it was not until 1862 that its real merits were fully developed. Owing to the great amount of Iodine with which the water is charged, it was always held in high esteem by invalids, and especially those sutFering from Chronic Rheu- matism, Scrofulous complaints. Cutaneous Eruptions, &c. An Analysis of the water was soon after made by Professor Chandler, which demonstrated conclusively, that, in wealth of mineral matter, it far surpasses any of the other fountains of Saratoga. Containing every ingredient found in the other springs in a much larger amount, it likewise is impregnated with several salts, not shown in the analysis of other springs of the place. As a Beverage it has no superior ; as a Cathartic it is unsurpassed, and as a Tonic and Diuretic it is second to none yet discovered. In view of the facts stated, it is claimed that the Star water will secure : 1st. All the benefits or advantages that can be derived from the use of any other of the waters of Saratoga. 2d. That if is vastly superior to any other in the treatment of diseases where the use of Iodine is desirable. 3d. That, owing to the greater quantity of Carbonic Acid Gas with which itis charged, it will preserve better and longer, bottled, than any other now known. 4th. That there is no natural mineral fountain in Saratoga, nor in the world, as yet known to science, that is so richly charged with health giving and health preservhig properties. Price of quarts, per dozen (2 doz, in case), - - - $2.50 Per Gross, 30.00 Pints, per dozen (4 doz. in case), 1.75 Per Gross, 21.00 Thirty gallon bbls., 23.50 Water 20 cents per gallon in bulk ; customers paying the freight on the empty casks to Saratoga and full ones back. TERMS CASH. Address — Star Spring Co.^ Saratoga Sjwings^ N. Y 69 miGM lies CONGRESS SPRING The oldest and most famous Spring in Saratoga is tlie HIOH ROCK COJ^ORESS SPRING. As a beverage it is pleasant and exhilarating; for medic- inal purposes it is unsurpassed. It has stood the test of over a century, and has the approval to-day of the most eminent medical authority of the country. ANALYSIS BY PROF. G. H. CHANDLER, Of COLUMBIA COLLEGE, NEW YORK. In one gallon of 231 cubic inches are contained — Chloride of Sodium 3i)0.127graiua. Chloride of Potassium 8.974 " Bromide of Sodium 0.731 " Iodide of Sodium 0.086 " Fluoride of Calcium trace. Sulphate of Potassa 1.608 " Bicarbonate of Baryta trace. Bicarbonate of Strontia trace. Bicarbonate of Lime 131.739 " Bicarbonate of Maj^nesia 54.924 " Bicarbonate of Soda 34.888 " Bicarbonate of Iron 1 .478 " Phosphate of Lime trace. . Alumina 1.223 " Silica 2.260 Total 628.039 grains Carbonic acid gas 409.458 cub. in By reference to the analysis of the various other mineral fountains of Saratoga, and comparing them with the above, it will be seen that the water of the High Kock Spring is not only a much heavier water, but that it also contains a very much larger number of cubic inches of carbonic acid gas per gallon. WM. SLOCUM, Supt. T. J. CLARK, Agent. New York Depot, 543 Broadwai/, JY. Y. 10 fcitliitr iprtiif I SARATOGiJPEINGS, N. Y.~'' A. R. LAWRENCE & CO., ■ ■ - Proprietors. The virtues of the *' Excelsior" water are such as have secured it the high encomiums of physicians and others who have used it, possessing, as it does, in an eminent degree, Cathartic, Diuretic, Alterative and Tonic qualities. It produces its beneticial effects without the injurious results which so commonly follow the use of artificial curatives ; and, as a general regulator and preservative of the tone of the system, the water of the "Excelsior" Spring is invaluable, removing and prerenting^ by its aperient and alterative effects, the incipient forms of disease. It is used with great success in the treatment of Dys- pepsia, Constipation of the Bowels, Affections of the Liver and Kidneys, Fevers, Scrofula, Cutaneous Diseases, &c. It is also an excellent remedy for the Headache, and a pleasant and healthful beverage. From Alfked L. Loomis, M. D., Professor of the Institutes and Practice of Medicine in the University of the city of New York. Duriner mv whole professional life I have been accustomed to use freely the water o"f Congress and Empire Springs. About six months since, acci- dentally, I was furnished with a few bottles of the *' Excelsior " Spring AVater, and found it so much more agreeable to the taste and pleasant in its effects than either Congress or Empire Water, that I have smce used it myself, and recommended it to patients requiring a gentle Cathartic and Diuretic. A. L. LOOMIS, M. D. New York, Sept. 17, 1866. From Nathan E. Smith, M. D., Professor of Surgery in the University of Maryland. I have recently used the "Excelsior" Spring Water, and find it to be highly medicinal ; more active as a Cathartic and Diuretic than any other natural water with which I am acquainted. I continue to use it, and recom- mend it to my patients. N. E. SMITH. M. D., Baltimore, Md., March 1, 1866. P)Of of Surgery. StS Ml m wn 1 :g Jl m 1 « i 1 c Q5 =1: ^r>^/r^A/? ^flM c'sjy^^^^ ff- n m2^f! .W.ir.fs :^^'^'^^:^'K'^'W- ■wflnQni ^'m.c^^ Wh'.OA(Jrl^A' .Mi^^^^^^^^^^f^^K:' '-ym iii»;i l^Ae s^'?.?^'«^V ^^.^4!!?f^ 'mm