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MANUAL 
 
 OF 
 
 PHYSICAL CULTURE 
 
 FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS 
 
 ^ 
 
 / ARRANGED BY 
 
 V ANTON LEIBOLD (Z^^U^ (O 
 
 Supervisor of Physical Training:, Public Schools 
 Columbus, Ohio 
 
 REVISED EDITION 
 
 Orescent Printing Co. <^ao^^^^^^ Printers. Columbus, O. 
 
 J899 
 
TWO COPIES RECEIVED, 
 
 l.lt»rary of Congresiji 
 Offlcfl of tho 
 
 FEB 14 1900 
 
 Kegl8f0r of Copyright* 
 
 'cr 
 
 M^y- 
 
 54217 
 
 COPYRIGHTED, 1899, BY THE AUTHOR. 
 
 SficoND copy. 
 
 
PREFACB. 
 
 In presenting this manual, my third revised edition, to our teach- 
 ers, they will notice some changes in the arrangement of the work. 
 Nevertheless I feel satisfied that those who have worked with the 
 former '' Manual" will quickly become familiar with the working 
 of this new " Manual." 
 
 You will find that each grade has its separate work, as also each 
 term, each lesson being assigned for one week's work. 
 
 The lessons in Physical Training in this manual are specially 
 
 arranged for use in our schools, and each lesson is complete in 
 
 itself. If the entire lesson is given each day, we will exercise all 
 
 parts of the body, which will tend to a symmetrical development in 
 
 . strength, agility and grace. 
 
 All exercises and lessons in this work are explained in as simple 
 and concise terms as possible. The few changed or new terms will 
 readily be understood by those familiar with the former manual. 
 The terms used in this manual were duly considered and selected 
 and the exercises carefully arranged according to the laws of 
 education. 
 
 I herewith wish to express my thanks to Carl Ziegler, M. D., 
 \^ Superintendent of Physical Training of the Public Schools of Cin- 
 cinnati, Ohio, for friendly suggestions. 
 
 Our hearts being in the work we will find that the science of true 
 physical culture aims at the harmonious and uniform development 
 of body and soul achieved through 
 
 " Work in the garb of pleasured 
 
 ANTON LEIBOLD, 
 Columbus, Ohio, July 1899. 
 
 «f»j/ 
 
Place hands on shoulders. 
 Bend knees. 
 
 Arms forw. 
 Bendkneestep forw. 
 
 Arms downw. 
 Bend trunk forw. 
 
 Arms circle upw*. 
 
 Bend trunk baekw. 
 
 Cross-touchstep forw. 
 
Arms upw. Bend trunk backw. 
 Bendkneestep forw. 
 
 Arms to thrust. 
 Lunge forw. 
 
 Thrust arms diagonally. 
 Lunge forw. 
 
 Left arm in semi-circle upw. 
 , Right hand on L Shoulder. 
 Bend trunk obi. backw. R. 
 Cross-touchstep forw. R. 
 
 See Lesson 7, Exercise 6, Eighth Grade, 
 II Term. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Page 
 
 Preface • 3 
 
 Illustrations 4-5 
 
 Special Points for Teachers 7 
 
 Remarks on First Term 11 
 
 First Grade, First Term 11 
 
 Second Grade, 
 Third Grade, 
 Fourth Grade, 
 Fifth Grade, 
 Sixth Grade, 
 Seventh Grade 
 Eighth Grade, 
 
 19 
 
 . . , 26 
 
 33 
 
 40 
 
 49 
 
 56 
 
 64 
 
 Remarks on Second Term 71 
 
 First Grade, Second Term 71 
 
 Second Grade, '' 76 
 
 Third Grade, "- 80 
 
 Fourth Grade, " 85 
 
 Fifth Grade, '' 90 
 
 Sixth Grade, " 95 
 
 Seventh Grade, '' 101. 
 
 Eighth Grade, '' 106 
 
 Remarks on Third Term ; 113 
 
 First and Second Grades, Third Term 113 
 
 Third and Fourth Grades, Third Term 115 
 
 Fifth and Sixth Grades, Third Term 117 
 
 Seventh and Eighth Grades, Third Term 119 
 
SPECIAL POINTS FOR TEACHERS. 
 
 1. Proper commanding. Plain and earnest explanation of exercises 
 given in a manner which will interest pupils so that they obey the orders 
 with a good will, is a point worth studying for every teacher. The voice 
 should only be loud enough so that the farthest pupil in the class can dis- 
 tinctly understand the teacher. It is never the loud command of a teacher, 
 but the distinct and decided command with a proper accent which will 
 have the proper effect. Prompt response will invariably follow such com- 
 mand, which result will also have a wholesome effect on the disciplinary 
 habit of pupils. 
 
 2. Thoroughness, i. e. the teacher should be familiar with her lesson 
 before the gymnastic period, so that she will not feel compelled to consult 
 the book for every command. The latter is a grave mistake, as it not only 
 causes the loss of valuable time, but also lowers the pupil's confidence m 
 the teacher's knowledge and ability. The teacher being able to instruct at 
 the proper time without the constant aid of a manual, will also feel her- 
 self more free and independent, and will be ready to arouse interest and 
 enthusiasm in the pupil. 
 
 3. To master the body is what is necessary for the pupil to learn. For 
 that purpose it is necessary that every movement be executed vigorously 
 and gracefully. When calling for an arm or leg exercise, the remaining 
 parts of the body should be kept in a firm and quiet position,. 
 
 4. Clothing. Pupils should never exercise unless wraps, overshoes, 
 and overcoats are removed. They should also be impressed with the nec- 
 essity of loosely fitting clothes during exercise, which will assist a healthy 
 circulation of the blood. 
 
 5. Pure air. If you exercise indoors ventilate the room well before 
 beginning to exercise. Do not allow any draft whatever to strike pupils. 
 The temperature indoors should be about 60° — 65° Fahrenheit during 
 exercise. 
 
 6. Where to exercise. The lessons in this manual are arranged with 
 the view in mind that the regular school-room will be used in most places 
 for this work. Wherever possible it is advisable to use the hallway or a 
 vacant room, thus giving more space and a healthful change of air. 
 
 7. Duration of time. The first exercise of each lesson should be in 
 common time, after that the rapidity of movements should increase, while 
 the last exercise should again be of moderate force. 
 
 8. Arrangement of Class. Every gymnastic period should begin and 
 close as laid out in Lesson 1 of I Grade. 
 
 9. Fundamental position should open and close every lesson. 
 
 10. Commands. There are four, viz., Command of Caution. Expla- 
 nation, Execution, and Discontinuation. 
 
 a. The command of Caution is first given, and is spoken distinctly 
 in the word — Attention! 
 
 b. Command of Explanation is then given and explains the position 
 or movement to be executed, and is given slowly and well articulated so as 
 to be well understood by all pupils. 
 
 c. Command of Execution is given after a moment's pause, suffi- 
 cient time for the pupils to think what to do. It is given in a sharp and de- 
 cided tone, and consists of the word — Begin! 
 
8 SPECIAL POINTS FOR TEACHERS. 
 
 d. In marching we use the execution command "March!" in male or 
 mixed classes; in female classes, exclusively, we use the command 
 -Walk!" 
 
 e. Command to cease exercise, in general, consists m one woid. and 
 is spoken firmly and decisively — Halt! 
 
 Previous to the command "Halt!" we caution pupils by the word 
 "Class — in the following order: — The exercises consisting of two move- 
 ments you will count — 1 — 2 — 1 — 2, etc., at the moment you intend to stop 
 you will command: Class (1) — Halt! (2) or if the exercise consist of four 
 counts you will give the command of discontinuation 1 — 2 — Class (3) — 
 Halt! (4). 
 
 In marching exercises, you will caution pupils by giving the word 
 Class — (on the L. foot) and when the L. foot comes to the front again — 
 Halt! Then pupils will take the closing step with the R. foot. 
 
 Notice will be taken that all pupils begin to exercise at the same 
 moment, and continue exercising until another command is given. Be- 
 fore the execution command is given, if necessary the teacher, or leaders 
 of a class, will explain by going through the movements of the exercise, 
 beginning with the right Arm or Foot, when the class must begin with the 
 left Arm or Foot, so as not to confuse the class. Sometimes it is more ad- 
 visable, instead of going through the movements, to explain a second 
 time. 
 
 In order to have all pupils exercise simultaneously, the teacher should 
 mark time; either count aloud or beat with your hands or forepart of right 
 foot, or what will msure still better attention, by moving hand from right 
 to left or up and down, in this way guiding the movements. You may also 
 I)eat time with a hard instrument on the table. 
 
 n. Ventilation. If you have to ventilate your room by opening 
 windows then do so by opening the upper windows and at least one lower 
 window, the moment you start the first exercise; close your windows again 
 before pupil? lake their seat. 
 
 12. Breathing exercise should be taught only in the milder season, 
 when windows can be opened. It should be given after each lesson, as it 
 will slacken the increased action of the heart caused by vigorous exercise, 
 and so leave the pupil in a normal condition to resume his studies. Our 
 marching exercises will also have a similar effect. 
 
 Breathing exercises have also the effect to enlarge chest and lungs. 
 Breathing exercises should consist of a long and deep inspiration through 
 the nostrils so as to expand the chest in all its parts. Here an example 
 exercise: 
 
 a. Position — Stand! 
 
 b. Inhale and exhale through nostrils, each in five counts; teacher 
 counting aloud in slow time. Repeat several times. 
 
 c. Inhale in five counts and exhale in one count through nostrils 
 or mouth. If through mouth the lips should only be opened slightly. 
 
 (It is always advisable while inhaling that teacher should slowly raise 
 one hand, and while exhaling also lower hand according to the time.) 
 
 d. In grammar grades you can combine the breathing with arm 
 inovements, i. e.. with raising arms slowly outward which will bring 
 into play the accessory muscles of respiration. In these grades you can 
 also attempt to count from 1 — 10 while inhaling and from 1 — 5 or 1 — 10 
 while exhaling. 
 
SPECIAL POINTS FOR TEACHERS. 9 
 
 13. Pure air being one of the most important necessities for the health 
 of man, we should not forget that we need more pure air during bodily 
 exercise than during rest. Active and systematic breathing being also a 
 bodily exercise, the necessity of pure air during that time explains itself. 
 
 14, Adapting of time to movements. In some exercises the intervals 
 between the movements must be longer than in others. All head and 
 trunk movements will and should take more time to finish properly than 
 arm movements; in the latter movements we can move very rapidly. If 
 arm and trunk (or head) movements are combined we will accept the 
 duration of time from the trunk exercises. If arm movements and lunges 
 are combined we will accept the duration of time from the lunging exer- 
 cise. 
 
 15. Exercise how often in succession is a matter which must be left 
 to the judgment of the teacher, for what would be tiresome to one class 
 would probably hardly afifect another class. But we can say that while 
 arm exercises may be repeated from 8 — 12 times in succession, leg exer- 
 cises about 8 times, trunk and head exercises should not be repeated of- 
 tener than 6 times in succession. 
 
 16. Exercise positions by word of command; especially every new ex- 
 ercise, then move in time, rythm. 
 
 17. Music. If you have an instrument available, such accompani- 
 ment will add interest to the exercises. 
 
 18. In warm days during early fall and in spring we often place two 
 counts on every movement in gymnastics, so that the class would execute 
 their movements on the odd counts and remain in a fixed position on the 
 even counts. Thus an exercise of two movements would demand four 
 counts, and an exercise of four movements would demand eight counts. 
 While the class will and should exercise as vigorously as ever, this placing 
 two counts on every movement allows a longer duration of time before the 
 second movement follows the first movement; so there will be no danger 
 whatever of overheating pupils. This mode of conducting free-gymnas- 
 tics allows also a pleasant combination with marching exercises, which 
 latter exercises will be used more freely during the spring ..rm than at 
 any other time of the year. Example: — Straighten arm four times. 8 
 counts — March forw. 8 counts — Begin! or: — Bend trunk forwd. and 
 straighten arms downw. four times, 8 counts — March forw. 8 counts — 
 Begin! You will find that the class can and will move with ease and pleas- 
 ure from free-gymnastics to marching exercises without any jar or in- 
 terruption. 
 
 19. Explanations of Positions and Exercises. We found it of advan- 
 tage to give all explanations for the different movements as we proceeded 
 in the work. So you will find the explanations of how to thrust arms in 
 II Grade, Lesson 6. For touchstep you find the explanation in III Grade, 
 Lesson 4; for bendkneestep in IV Grade Lesson 3, etc. This involves 
 the expectation that every teacher is thoroughly familiar with the lower 
 grade's work, before attempting the work in a higher grade. 
 
 ORDER OF EXERCISES. 
 
 a. The lesson should begin with a familiar exercise. 
 
 b. Open and close the lesson in a mild form, the vigorous work to 
 come between these two points. 
 
IQ SPECIAL POINTS FOR TEACHERS. 
 
 c. In general the order should be: 
 
 1. Such arm exercises that will stimulate the blood circulation in 
 the chest, or a familiar and lively marching exercise. 
 
 2. Trunk exercises should then follow. 
 
 3. Head, and arm or leg exercises. 
 
 4. Arm and leg exercises. 
 
 5. Close every lesson with a leg exercise, or if you did not open the 
 instruction with a march, close with same. 
 
 6. In the spring and fall term we often close our lesson with a breath- 
 ing exercise. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS USED. 
 
 L.— Left. 
 
 R.— Right. 
 
 Upw. — Upward. 
 
 Inw. — Inward. 
 
 Downw. — Downward. 
 
 Outw. — Outward, away from the center of the body. 
 
 Forw. — Forward. 
 
 Backw. — Backward. 
 
 Sidw. — Sideward, toward one side of the body. 
 
 Obi.- — Obliquely, as: Obi. forw. up. that is midway between forw. and 
 upw. Or: Obi. outw. up. that is midway between outw. 
 and upw. 
 
 Pos. — Position, respective: Fundamental position. 
 
 Overh. — Overhead, while body is erect, arms are directed upw., above 
 the head. 
 
 Strt. pos. — Starting position; the position taken for the execution of an 
 exercise, such as "Hands on hips" or "Arms to thrust," etc. 
 The term "Return" is also used freely instead of: Starting 
 position. 
 
FIRST TERM. 
 
 ALL GRADES. 
 
 In the beginning of this term we must remember that pupils are re- 
 turning from their summer vacation; consequently we find that during 
 the vacation months, pupils in general, lower grade as well as higher 
 grade pupils, have lost to some extent the familiarity with the exercises 
 and work. For that reason it is advisable in the first few weeks to repeat 
 every exercise first as a position a few times before moving in time, or 
 rythm; thus the different movements and parts will better impress them- 
 selves in their working order on the pupil's mind. Rising and seating, see 
 Lesson 1, in I Grade; Fundamental and Resting positions, see Lesson 2, 
 in I Grade, forms the opening and closing of every gymnastic period in 
 every grade, and if the teacher in the beginning of the term will insist 
 that all these movements in their details will be excuted correctly, she will 
 not only save herself unnecessary corrections in the future, but it will also 
 have a wholesome influence on all pupils to do only the best work. Thus 
 we begin our work in a milder form, and by the time the cool season sets 
 in, we find pupils will cheerfully do more good and active work. 
 
 I GRADK. 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 (This lesson will open and close all lessons of all grades.) 
 
 a. To arrange. 
 
 Attention! Pupils sit erect, placing hands in lap or on desk. 
 
 Gymnastics! Pupils clear their desk, change seats for smallest and 
 best pupils in front, tallest and poorer pupils in rear, girls for one and boys 
 for next aisle; now sit erect, hands in small of back, heels locked, eyes to 
 the front. 
 
 One! Pupils move to R. (or L.) end of seat, placing R. (or L.) foot 
 in middle of aisle, hands on desk. 
 
 Two! Pupils rise with a slight pressure of hands on the desk and 
 place L. (or R.) foot beside R. (or L.) foot in the middle of aisle in "Po- 
 sition." 
 
 The rear pupils should be instructed to always move far enough back 
 (without expecting special words) so that he or she can move in the differ- 
 ent exercises without touching anyone. In certain cases, where school- 
 room is crowded, it is advisable to have the class execute Mj, or ^^ turn 
 L. or R. before beginning trunk movements or arms forward. Another 
 
12 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 plan is that the alternate aisles take one step forw. before beginning to 
 exercise. 
 
 b. Resuming seats. 
 
 Be seated: One! Pupils be seated on R. (or L.) end of seat, hands 
 on desk, L. (or R.) foot placed below desk. 
 
 Two! Pupils move in middle of seat, lock heels and fold arms back- 
 ward. Those that changed seats in the beginning will now resume their 
 former seats. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 (See Lesson 1 How to Arrange and Dismiss Class.) 
 
 FUNDAMENTAL AND RESTING POSITIONS. 
 
 L Attention! Position — Stand! In this, the "Fundamental Posi- 
 tion,'^ heels and knees are locked, tip of feet turned outward, so that the 
 feet will form a right angle. Legs and body are kept straight and erect, 
 the body inclining a little torward, its weight bearing principally upon 
 the forepart of the feet. Shoulders lowered and thrown backward, while 
 the arms hang down by the sides, knuckles of hands slightly in front. The 
 head is held erect, and the eyes look straight to the front, when not di- 
 rected to the teacher. The mouth is closed, and breathing should in all 
 cases be done through the nostrils. The "Position" should be free from 
 all restraint. In order to be brief and concise in our future lessons we 
 will use for "Fundamental Position," the term "Position — Stand!" 
 
 2. To Rest — Stand! Clasp hands backward, and place left foot about 
 six inches forward, while the left knee bends so that the weight of the 
 body will rest largely on the right foot. (All positions except the "To 
 Rest" are starting positions.) 
 
 Repeat above two Positions several times. Changing from the rest- 
 ing to the fundamental position, the change of position must be carried 
 out vigorously and quickly. This change can also be done by counting: 
 1 — 2, etc. Right here we will again remark, that the different positions 
 are not taken before the execution command Stand! is given; bear this 
 always in mind. 
 
 3. Position — Stand! 
 
 4. Clap hands in front — Clap! 
 
 (Lower arms are raised and hands clap croswise in front of chest.) 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Clap hands in front and lower quickly in one movement — Clap! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. — Raise! 
 
 (Arms on level with shoulders, knuckles up, and hands shoulder- 
 width apart.) 
 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. — Raise! Close and open hands — Close! — Open! 
 — Arms — Down ! 
 
 8. Hands on hips— Place!— Down!— Place! — Down! — Place! 
 
 (The hands are so placed that the palms rest upon hips, fingers closed 
 and pointed forw., thumbs backw., shoulders and elbows well back.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 13 
 
 y. Bend trunk forw. — Bend! Straighten trunk — Straighten! 
 
 (This is a bending at the hips, body moving forw., with back and 
 legs straight to a greater or lesser angle; the face should be directed 
 forw.) 
 
 10. Turn head to the L. — Turn! — Front! — Turn! — Front! Same, to 
 the R, Hands — Down! 
 
 (Be careful not to move shoulders, and move head slowly.) 
 
 11. Raise arms forw. overh. — Raise! (Arms straightened, hands 
 shoulder-width apart and knuckles turned outward, fingers closed and 
 straightened upward.) Arms — Down! 
 
 12. March around the room — March! 
 
 (The first aisle on the R. (or L.) to begin, next aisle follow, then 
 from the rear up to their aisles and seats. Continue several times. Do 
 not expect to keep step in this grade.) 
 
 LESSON 3, 
 
 1. Repeat fundamental and resting positions. 
 Position — Stand ! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. — Raise! — Close and open hands — Close! 
 — Open! — Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Hands — Down! — Place! — Down! 
 
 4. Raise shoulders — Raise! — Down! — 
 
 (Raising is a shrugging of shoulders a little exaggerated. The 
 shoulders move up and down in a straight line, the rest of body should not 
 participate in the movement, especially not the head.) 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. — Raise! Clap hands (once) — Clap! — Clap! — 
 Clap! — Clap! Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! — Bend trunk forw. — Bend! — Straighten! 
 — Bend! — Straighten! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. March around the room — March! 
 (See Lesson 2, exercise 12.) 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh.' — Raise! — Clap hands (once) — Clap! 
 Clap ! — Clap ! — Arms — Down ! 
 
 9. Close feet (bring toes together) — Close! — Open! — Close! — 
 Open! 
 
 (Raise forepart of feet while moving.) 
 
 10. Turn head to the L. — Turn! — Front! — Turn! — Front! — Same to 
 the R. 
 
 11. Hands backw. — Grasp! — Hands — Down! — Grasp! — Down! 
 
 (The hands are grasped behind, elbows extended, and shoulders well 
 back.) 
 
 12. March around the room — March! Teacher beating time by clap- 
 ping hands. 
 
14 MANIIAI. OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 Position — Stand! 
 
 1. Clap hands overh. (once) — Clap! — Down! — Clap! — Down! 
 (Elbows will bend slightly and hands clap crosswise.) 
 
 2. Arms forw. — Raise! — Bend hands down and up — Down! — Up! — 
 Down ! — Up ! — Arms— Down ! 
 
 3. Grasp hands backw.-^Grasp! — Turn heels outw. — Turn! — To- 
 gether! — Turn! — Together! 
 
 (In turning heels, always raise slightly on toes during the movement.) 
 
 4. Arms forw. overh. — Raise! — (Palm inw.) Bend hands inw. and 
 outw.— Inw. ! — Outw.! — In! — Out! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! — Bend trunk forw. — Bend! — Straighten! 
 — Bend ! — Straighten ! — Hands — Down ! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! — Bend trunk backw. — Bend! — Straighten! 
 — etc. Hands — Down! 
 
 (The bending backward is similar to forward, except that the angle 
 is greater; the back should form a curve; the head maintains its relative 
 position; the face turned toward the ceiling. The legs should be straight 
 and together. Bend but slightly at first and increase gradually.) 
 
 7. Bend head backw. — Berd! — Raise! etc. 
 
 (Move head backward slowly until face is turned toward the ceiling.) 
 
 8. Bend head forw. — Bend! — Raise! etc. 
 
 (Move head forward so that chin will rest on chest.) 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! — Raise heels — Raise! — Down! etc. 
 (When raising both heels the legs are perfectly straight and together, 
 
 the feet remaining at right angles to each other; the body should be 
 raised as high as possible and should not sway forward, and when heels 
 are lowered, they must come down slowly and gently, without noise, 
 and the body must not move backward.) 
 
 10. Clap hands in front (once) — Clap! — On hips — Place! etc. 
 
 11. Clap hands in front twice quickly — Clap! — On hips — Place! etc. 
 
 12. The even aisles (alternates) about — Face! (turning on their heels 
 to the opposite direction) — Through the aisles to your L. — March! 
 
 (Each aisle following the one nearest to their left.) Front — Face! 
 
 LESSON 5* 
 
 This week lesson should constitute a review of the foregoing Avork. 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 In the foregoing lessons all instruction was to be given by "word 
 of command'' without attempting rhythm, while from now on we will 
 attempt mainly to move in rhythm, bv count, give the command — "In 
 time"— Begin! 1—2— 1—2 etc. 
 
 1. Position— S' and I' (1)— To Rest— Stand! (2)— In time— Beein!— 1— . 
 2— 1—2— 1—2— Class (1)— Halt! (2.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 15 
 
 (When intending to discontinue, caution the class on count 1 by 
 giving the command "Class" and on count 2 give command ''Halt," em- 
 phasizing the last command.) 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down^ — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! — Down — 2! Begin! — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend knees — 1! — Straighten — 2! Begin! 
 1—2 etc. 
 
 (The knees bent to an obtuse angle in primary grades, the body re- 
 maining perfectly erect, feet firmly on floor.) 
 
 5. Bend trunk forw. — 1! — Straighten — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 7. Clap hands in front twice quickly — 1! — On hips — 2! Begin! 1 — • 
 2— etc. 
 
 8. Clap hands in front twice quickly, and replace on hips in one 
 count — 1! — Begin! 1 — 1 — 1 etc. 
 
 9. Raise heels— 1!— Down— 2!— Begin! 1—2 etc. 
 
 10. Close feet (bringing toes together) — 1! — Open — 2! Begin! 1 — 
 2 etc. 
 
 11. Bend knees and clap hands in front — 1! — Back to position — 
 2! Begin! 1—2 etc. 
 
 12. Grasp hands backw. — Grasp! Even aisles about — Face! Through 
 the aisles to your left with clapping hands — March! 
 
 (Teacher and pupils clapping hands on each first step. Have it un- 
 derstood the class is to stop when the pupils come to their seats the first 
 or second time.) Front — Face! 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 It is of course understood that every lesson is to begin with the 
 "Fundamental Position." 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. — 1! — Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! Class (1) — 
 Halt! (2.) 
 
 (Arms to be straight and level with shoulders, knuckles turned up- 
 ward.) 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. — Raise! — Shake the hands — Begin! — Class — 
 Halt ! — Arms — Down ! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk sidew. L. — 1! Straighten — 
 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Same to the R. — Hands— Down! 
 
 (Trunk to be bent directly sideways, head in line with neck and back, 
 legs together and straight, while feet stand firmly with locked heels upon 
 the floor.) 
 
 5. Raise shoulders and place hands under same — 1! Down — 2! Be- 
 gin. 
 
 (In "Hands under shoulders" the arms are raised outw.. so that the 
 elbows are on a level with shoulders, the forearm and Avrist curved so 
 that the hands are in the axilla (arm pit.) The shoulders are ahvays raised 
 vvith the exercise.) 
 
 6. Raise heels and clap hands in front — 1! Return — 2! Begin! 
 
16 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 7. Arms outw. — Raise! Swing arms up and down (flying move- 
 ment)— Begin! 
 
 (Move slowly in the beginning, then increase in rapidity, then again 
 move slowly.) — Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Turn head to the L.— 1! Front— 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Same R. Begin! 
 
 (Head should turn as far as possible to desired direction.) 
 
 10. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise (flex) L. lower leg backw. — 1! 
 Down — 2! Begin! (Keep knees together in raising lower leg.) 
 
 11. Same with R. leg — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 12. Grasp hands backw. — Grasp! Repeat "March" from last Les- 
 son, while counting 1, 2, 3, 4, pupils clap hands on the first of each four 
 counts. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. with snapping fingers — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 1—2! 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. overh. — 1! — Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! — Bend head sidew. L. — 1! Raise — 2! Be- 
 gin! 
 
 4. Same to the R. ! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 (Move as close as possible toward the corresponding shoulder.) 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. overh. with clapping hands (overhead) — 1! 
 Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Arms backw. — Fold! 
 
 (The arms are folded behind the back, the hand grasping the oppo- 
 site arm.) 
 
 Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Same to the R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 (Fingers slightly touching shoulders, hands open, while elbows are 
 perfectly level with shoulders, and thrown, back as far as possible.) 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Clap hands in front — 1! Place on 
 shoulders — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 
 2! Begin! 
 
 11. Same with R. lower leg — Begin! 
 
 12. Repeat "March" from last Lesson. 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Clap hands in front (elbows bent) and quickly place hands 
 on shoulders — 1 ! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! 
 
 2. Place hands on shoulders — Place! Clap hands in front and 
 quickly replace in one count — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Begin! (See that the chest is well raised and the back straight.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 17 
 
 4. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. leg forw — 1! Lower leg — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 (The foot should be raised about twelve (12) inches from the floor, 
 knee straight, toes pointing down.) 
 
 5. Same with R. leg — Begin! 
 
 6. Fold arms forw. — 1! Fold arms backw. — 2! Begin! Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! To hop (on toes) — Begin! 
 
 (This is a light jump, executed solely on toes, with a correspending 
 slight bend and straightening of knee joints. Body held perfectly erect 
 and mouth tightly closed. The rate should be about 80 hops in a min- 
 ute. The class should be divided in two (2) divisions, one division 
 hopping while the other division beats time with clapping hands in front. 
 After hopping about 20 times the divisions will change exercise. Be 
 cautious not to continue the exercise too long, as it is a vigorous move- 
 ment and causes quick circulaton of the blood.) 
 
 8. Grasp hands backw. — Grasp! Even aisles about — face! March 
 through the aisles to your left and clap hands four counts, then march 
 four counts without clapping — March! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 1 — 2 — 3^t! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 10. Same backw. — Begin! 
 
 11. Hands on shoulders — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Bend knees — 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 LESSON ta 
 
 This week's lesson should constitute a review of the foregoing four 
 lessons. 
 
 LESSON tU 
 
 1. Arms outw. — Raise! Arms circle overh. — 1! Lower arms to 
 first pos. — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 2. Arms outw. — Raise! Arms circle in front — 1! Arms outw. — 2! 
 Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 (In circling the arms are curved, the closed fingers of one hand 
 touch the closed fingers of the other hand.) 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Same forw. — Begin! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backward and clap hands in ffont — 1! — Straighten — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 6. Same forw. without clapping hands — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. and clap hands overh. — 1! Lower arms 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. overh. and clap hands overh. — 1! Lower arms 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Turn head L. — 1! Front— 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Same R.— Begin! 
 
 11. Raise heels and place hands on hips — 1! — Position — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Close feet — 1! Turn toes out — 2! Begin! 
 
18 MANUAL OB^ PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 12. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Even aisles about — Face! Through 
 the aisles to your left — March! Now while class is marching give com- 
 mand — Heels — up! that means to walk on toes, then change command 
 to — Heels — Down! that is common walk. — at the second or fourth round 
 command — Class — Halt! Front — Face! 
 
 2. Fold arms forw. — Fold! Fold arms backw. — 1! Fold forw. — 2! 
 Begin! 1 — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Raise arms in front to R. angle — Raise! 
 
 (Arms on a level with shoulders and L. hand near R. elbow, and 
 R. hand near L. elbow.) Circle arms forw. — Begin! (Or use the com- 
 mand: "The mill is moving slow-ly, the mill is moving faster, still faster, 
 and again the mill is moving slow-ly, and now the mill stops. In ac- 
 cordance with this command move one lower arm around the other 
 lower arm.) 
 
 4. Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Position — 2! Begin! 
 
 5. Bend head backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Position — 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. and clap hands — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! To hop (on toes)- — Begin! 
 (Follow suggestion from Lesson 9.) — Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Raise shoulders and place hands under same — 1! Down — 2! Be- 
 gin! 
 
 10. Raise L. leg forw.— 1! .Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 11. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 12. Repeat '"March" from above. 
 
 LESSON 13. 
 
 1. Clap hands in front twice quickly — 1! Lower — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — Raise! Clap hands overh. twice quickly — 1! 
 Lower arms in forw. pos. — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Rise on toes and raise lower arms in front to clapping pos. (hands 
 crosswise and elbows bent) — Rise! Rock on toes and clap hands (beat- 
 ing time) — Begin! (Teacher count aloud from 1 — 8 or from 1 — 16, stop 
 exercise a moment and repeat again — Arms and heels — Down! 
 
 4. Arms outw. — Raise! Move arms up and down (flying move- 
 ment) — Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 (rapidly)! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Hands backw. — Grasp! Close feet — 1! Turn toes out — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 6. Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Turn trunk R. — 1! Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 (In turning trunk. % turn, keep legs straight, heels locked, feet 
 firmly on floor.) 
 
 8. Clap hands in front twice (elbows bent) and quickly place 
 hands on shoulders — 1! Hands backw. grasp — 2! Begin! 
 
MAN U AT. OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 19 
 
 9. Arms forw. — Raise! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 10. Same with R. leg — Begin! 
 
 11. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise heels and place hands on shoulders 
 — 1! Return — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Grasp hands backw. — Grasp! Even aisles about — Face! 
 Through the aisles to your L. and clap hands on the first count of each 
 four counts— March! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 The same, but clap hands on the first of each eight counts — March! 
 1_2— 3— 4— 5— 6— 7— 8 ! 
 
 Review during the last few weeks. 
 
 II GRADE. 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON i. 
 
 1. Pos.— Stand! To rest — Stand! In time — Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 — 
 Class (1)— Halt! (2.) 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — Raise! Clap hands twice — Begin! 1 — 2 etc. 
 Arms — Down ! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — 1! Hands down — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands backw.— Grasp! March around room, and clap hands on 
 the first of each four counts — March! 1 — 2 — 8 — 4. 
 
 (The first aisle on the R. or L. to begin, next aisle to follow, then 
 from the rear up to their aisles, and seats. Continue several times. Aim 
 to keep step and time, beginning with L. foot.) 
 
 5. Bend trunk forw.— 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw. and clap hands in front — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk forw. and touch toes with fingers — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin. 
 
 (In bending trunk keep knees perfectly straight.) 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. and clap hands twice — 1! Down — 2! Begin I 
 9 .Hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend knees — 1! Straighten — 2! Be- 
 gin! 
 
 11. Raise heels and place hands on shoulders— 1! Return — 2! Be- 
 gin! 
 
 12. Repeat "March" from this lesson, with or without clapping 
 hands. 
 
20 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 
 
 LESSON 2, 
 
 1. Pos. — Stand! To rest — Stand! Pos. with clapping hands — 
 Stand! — (At the moment of resuming fundamental position we quickly 
 clap hands in front of chest and immediately drop same.) 
 
 2 Mark time — March! 1 — 2, etc. Marking time (march on place) indi- 
 cates a sham walk, where pupils raise left and right foot forward alter- 
 nately. Tip of foot must invariably be straightened downward while rais- 
 ing foot. When foot is placed on the floor left ball of foot strike floor 
 first 
 
 Class — Halt! Teacher should give command of Halt when left foot 
 is raised, then pupils will close heels after raising right foot once more; 
 the closing step is always taken with the right foot. In marking time the 
 arms should hang quietly at the sides. 
 
 While the movements should be noiseless, they should at the same 
 time be combined with energy and elasticity. 
 
 Call the attention of your class frequently to a proper and erect po- 
 sition of body in marching. In marking time we call special attention to 
 position of body (fundamental position.) 
 
 Drill daily in "Marking time" the first few weeks. 
 
 3. Clap hands overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! etc. 
 
 4. Clap hands overh. twice (in quick succession) — 1! Down — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Same R. — Begin! (Turn head far enough to look over your L. 
 or R. shoulder without moving shoulders.) 
 
 7. Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1-! Straighten — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Same R. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Arms outw. — Raise! Swing arms up and down (flying motion)— 
 Begin! 1 — 2 etc. (rapidly) — Arms — Down! 
 
 10. Arms forw. — Raise! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 11. Same with R. leg — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 12. Mark time — March! (See exercise 2 in this lesson.) 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Pos. — Stand! To rest — Stand! With clapping hands, position — 
 Stand! (Repeat several times.) 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down- — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! 
 Raise — 2! Begin! 
 
 5. Same forv/. — Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk forw. and touch toes with fingers — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 (Arms to be straight and on a level with shoulders, and knuckles of 
 hands turned upward. In lowering arms no noise whatever should be 
 noticed.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 21 
 
 9. Raise arms outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Raise heels and place hands under shoulder — 1! 
 
 (Read explanation about "hands under shoulder" in lesson 7, I 
 Grade.) 
 
 11. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. heel — 1! Lower L, heel and 
 immediately raise R. heel — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 (While raising one heel, the leg is bent at the knee; the heel is 
 raised from the floor as high as possible; the toes remain in place and 
 the foot should not be turned.) 
 
 12. Mark time, and clap hands on the first of each four counts — 
 March! 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 LESSON 4, 
 
 1. Pos. with clapping hands (in front) — 1! To rest — 2! Begin! 
 1—2—1—2! 
 
 2. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 (Arms must be perfectly straightened, and level with shoulders, 
 knuckles upward, while hands are shoulder-width apart, and fingers 
 closed. Straighten to the desired direction on 1, and place hands on 
 hips at 2.) 
 
 3. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 
 (In straightening outward Arms come in line with shoulder-blades 
 on a level with shoulders, chest well expanded.) 
 
 4. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head sidw. L. — V. Raise — 2! Be- 
 gin! 
 
 5. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Turn trunk to the L. — 1! Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Same to the R. — Begin! 
 
 (Turning (twisting) trunk is about % of a turn from the hip-joints. 
 Pay particular attention that the legs are kept straight, heels locked, 
 and feet to stand firmly on floor.) Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 9. Same downw. — Begin! (In straightening arms upw., straight over 
 head, knuckles of hands are turned outw, and hands shoulder-width 
 apart. In straightening downw., knuckles of hands are turned forw., hands 
 placed at the side of the body.) 
 
 10. Raise L. lower leg backw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Begin! 
 
 11. Same with R. leg — Begin! 
 
 12. Mark time and clap hands in front on every L. step — March! 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 In every following lesson the first exercise of one of the foregoing 
 four lessons should open every lesson. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and clap hands — 1! 
 On hips— 2! Begin! 1—2! 
 
22 MANUAT^ OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. and snap fingers — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Raise L. arm forw. — 1! Lower L. arm and immediately raise R. 
 arm forw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Same, but forw. overh. — Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. heel — 1! Down — 2i Begin! 
 
 6. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk backw. (slightly) and clap hands in front — 1! Bend 
 trunk forw. and place hands on hips — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Raise L. arm outw. — 1! Lower L. arm and immediately raise R. 
 arm outw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Same but outw. overh. — Begin! 
 
 (Be careful in this exercise that body is held perfectly steady and 
 straight.) 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. — 1! Bend head forw. 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 (Move slowly in this exercise and do not repeat too often in suc- 
 cession.) 
 
 11. Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 1! Straighten knees and grasp 
 hands backw. — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 12. Mark time— March! 
 (Pupils should now be able to keep in step.) 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Be- 
 gin! 1 — 2! (When thrusting arms in any direction they naturally make 
 a half turn; for instance, if we thrust forw., the knuckles will turn upw. ; 
 if we thrust outw., we have the same result. In thrusting upw. the knuck- 
 les come backw.; in thrusting down., knuckles come forw.) 
 
 2. Thrust arms outw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Mark time — March! March once around the room — March! 
 Mark time— March! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straight- 
 en — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend trunk sidw. R. — 1! Straight- 
 en — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Thrust arms downw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Turn head R.—l! Front— 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Bend knees and place hands on shoulders— 1! Return — 2! Be- 
 gin! Arms — Down! 
 
 11. Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Mark time and clap hands (in front) on 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, of eight 
 counts — March! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CI:LTURE. 23 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Mark time — March! Forward from the R. aisle around the 
 room. (Every next aisle following, thence from rear up to their aisle and 
 seats.) — March! Continue several times around room, but pupils should 
 now move in step and time in the "march" from place as well as in the 
 "march" on place. After reaching their seats pupils should mark time.) 
 
 2. Raise arms in front to R. angle — Raise! (Arms on a level with 
 shoulders and L. hand near R. elbow, and R. hand near L. elbow.) Cir- 
 cle arms forw. — Begin! (The mill, see lesson 12, Grade I.) Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 3. Arms outw. and heels — Raise! Flying movement. (Arms and 
 heels down and up.) — Begin! 1 — 2 etc. (count rapidly.) Pos. — Standi 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Turn trunk L. — II Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 5. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 G. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forwj — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Begin! 
 
 (In straightening forw. arms should be perfectly straight and level 
 with shoulders, knuckles upw., and hands shoulder-width apart. Outw. 
 also on a level with shoulders and in a straight line with shoulder-blades, 
 knuckles turned upw., chest expanded.) 
 
 8. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise L. leg sidew. L. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 9. Same with R. leg — Begin! (Foot about 12 inches above floor, 
 knees straight, toes down.) 
 
 10. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Begin! 
 
 (Also with clapping hands overhead.) 
 
 11. Straighten arms downw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Begin! 
 
 (When straightening upw. hands to be shoulder-width apart and 
 knuckles turned outw. In straightening downw., knuckles turned forw. 
 and hands lowered at the side of the body.) 
 
 12. Bend knees and clap hands — 1! Return — 2! Begin! Hands — 
 Dowm! 
 
 18. j\Iark time four counts and one step forw., halting on the 6th 
 count. Repeat with one step backw. — March! 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and clap hands — 1! 
 On hips— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten L. arm forw. — 1 ! Place L. hand on hip and straighten 
 R. arm forw. — 2! Begin! (Be careful that pupils will not turn trunk.) 
 
 3. Straighten L. arm outw. — 1! Place L. hand on hip and straighten 
 R. arm outw. — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Begin! (Chest should be well raised and the back straight, face to the 
 front.) 
 
24 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! (Face turned 
 to ceiling.) Hands backw. — Grasp! 
 
 6. Bend head backw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Bend head forw. — 1! Raise — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten L. arm upw. — 1! Place L. 
 hand on hip and straighten R. arm up w. — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Straighten L. arm downw. — 1! Place L. hand on hip and straight- 
 en R. arm downw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Close feet — 1! Turn toes outw. — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 11. Raise heels and place hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Mark time four counts and march forw. three steps, halting at the 
 eighth count. About — Face! Repeat! 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! 
 
 (Hands closed to form fist, knuckles outw. and arms bent to an 
 acute angle, elbows to the front and level with the shoulders.) 
 
 Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! (The movement 
 consists of a quick and forcible extension of the forearm upon the arm, 
 without any movement of the latter. Knuckles are turned outw.) 
 
 2. Strike L. arm forw. — 1! Return and strike R. arm forw. — 2! Be- 
 gin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. knee forw. — 1! Down — -2! 
 Begin! 
 
 4. Same, but R. knee — Begin! 
 
 (The knee is raised forw. on a level with the hip, the thigh being at R. 
 angles to the body above and to the leg below. Ankle extended and toes 
 pointing downw. In lowering leg', ball of foot should touch floor first.) 
 
 5. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! (Same as "hands on shoulders," but 
 hands form fist and knuckles of hands are turned backw.) Strike arms 
 outw. — 1 ! Return — 2 ! B egin ! 
 
 6. Strike L. arm outw. — 1! Return and strike R. arm outw. — 2! 
 Begin ! Arms — Down ! 
 
 7. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Same R. — Begin! . 
 
 9. Bend trunk forw. and place hands on hips — 1! Pos. — 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Bend head backw. and raise arms circle upw. (eyes in line with 
 hands)— 1! Pos.— 2! Begin! 
 
 11. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head forw. — 1! Raise — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Raise heels— 1! Down— 2! Begin! 
 
 13. Mark time, and on the first of four counts, left face — March! 
 
 LESSON \0. 
 
 1. Mark time and clap hands four counts, then four counts without 
 clapping— March! 1—2—3—4! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 1—2-1-2! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 25 
 
 3. Thrust L. arm outw. — 1! Bend L. arm and thrust R. arm outw. — 
 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Bend trunk sidw. L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Position — 
 2! Begin! 
 
 5. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor (with fingers) — 1! Straighten 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust L. arm upw. — 1! Bend L. arm 
 and thrust R. arm upw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Same downw. — Begin! 
 
 9. Raise L. leg forw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 10. Same with R. leg — Begin! 
 
 11. Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Even aisles about — Face! Mark time — March! Follow aisles 
 to your L., forw. — March! After reaching starting place — Mark time — 
 March I 
 
 LESSON tU 
 
 1. Mark time and R. face on the last of four counts — March! 
 
 2. Swing arms forw. — 1! Backw. downw. — 2! Begin! (At count 
 one the arms are brought on a level with shoulders, and on count two they 
 swing backw. as far as possible. Knuckles turned outw. Exercise with 
 vigor and keep arms straight in the elbow-joints. Legs to be kept firmly 
 together and trunk steady and upright.) 
 
 (Add clapping hands forward or backward.) 
 
 3. Swing arms forw. overh. — 1! Forw., down and backw. — 2! Be- 
 gin! (Knuckles turned outw. You can add: — with clapping hands overh. 
 or backw., or: — both.) 
 
 4. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Begin! 
 
 5. Same R. — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Swing arms outw. overh. and clap iTands overh. — 1! Swing 
 arms outw. downw. and clap hands backw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with hands — 1! Position — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 9. Raise shoulders and place hands under shoulders — 1! Position 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 10. Raise L. knee forw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Down^ — 
 2! Begin! 
 
 11. Same with R. knee — Begin! 
 
 12. Hands on hips — Place! Bend knees — 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! 
 Hands — Down ! 
 
 LESSON n. 
 
 1. Even rows about — Face! Mark time and clap hands on the first 
 of eight counts — March! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5—6 — 7 — 8. March forw. eight 
 counts, clapping hands on first count, and following rows to your left — 
 March! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 — 7 — 8. Continue the two exercises until reach- 
 ing starting place, when class again will "Mark time." Front — Face! 
 
26 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2! 
 
 3. Straighten L. arm outw. — 1! L. hand on shoulder and straighten 
 R. arm outw.— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2! Hands— Down! 
 
 4. Bend trunk sidw. L. and fold arms backw. — 1! Position — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 5. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Backw. — 2! Begin! (Force them in 
 both directions as far as possible, keeping them on the same level.) 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten L. arm upw. — 1! L. 
 hand on shoulder and straighten R. arm upw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Same, but downw. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Bend knees and place hands on shoulders — 1! Position — 2! Be- 
 gin! Hands backw. — Grasp! 
 
 10. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 (The outside of the L. foot is placed against R. knee.) 
 
 11. Same R. — Begin! 
 
 12. Repeat "Marching exercise" of this lesson. 
 
 Review during the last few weeks. 
 
 Ill GRADK. 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON i. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down— 2! Begin! 1 — 2! 
 
 2. Same, but overh.^— Begin! 
 
 3. Raise L. arm forw. overh. — 1! Lower L. arm and raise R. arm 
 forw. overh. — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise L. leg forw. and fold arm.s forw. — 1! Pes. — 2! Begin! 
 
 5. Same, but R. leg — Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk forw. and place hands on hips — 1! Pos. — 2! Begin! 
 , 7. Same, but bend backw. — Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Same, but outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 10. Same as 9, but quickly clapping hands overhead once — 1! Down 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 (Later clap hands twice in rapid succession overhead in one count.) 
 
 11. Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! Down: — 2! Begin! 
 
 12. Mark time four counts and one step forw., halting on the 6th 
 count — March! Repeat with one step backw. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 27 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Raise arms forward — 1! Down— 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down' — 
 4! Begin! (The same, but clap hands once on first count.) 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 
 etc. 
 
 2. Raise L. leg forw. and arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise R. leg 
 forw. and arms forw. — 3! Down— 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend backw. — 3! Straighten- — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor (with hands) — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 5. Raise L. arm outw. — 1 ! Lower L. arm and raise R. arm outw. — 
 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Same, but arms outw. overh. — Begin! 
 
 7. Bend head backw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend head forw. and fold arms backw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise left lower L. backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms outw. overh. 
 —3! Down— 4! Begin! 
 
 (You can clap hands overhead on counts 1 or 3 — or on counts 1 
 and 3.) 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend knees 
 — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Mark time four counts; march forw. four counts; mark time four 
 counts; march backw. four counts — March! (In 16 counts, on counts 4, 
 8, 12 and 16. the R. foot is to be placed beside the L. foot.) 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms outw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Straighten upw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin!! — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 
 2. Straighten L. arm outw. — 1! Left hand on shoulder and straight- 
 en R. arm outw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend R.— 3! Straighten— 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! While raising arms outw.. bend them 
 so that the hands will be behind the head, the fingers of one hand inter- 
 locked with those of the other at the base of the skull. The elbows are in 
 line with the shoulders and the head well back and pressed against the 
 hands.) Turn trunk L.—l ! Front— 2! Turn R.— 3! Front— 4! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Straighten outw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Straighten downw. 
 — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten L. arm upw. — 1! L. 
 hand on shoulder and straighten R. arm upw. — 2! Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 8. Turn head L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn 
 head R. and hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Raise heels and clap hands overhead — 1! Position — 2! Bend 
 knees and clap hands in front — 3! Position — 4! Begin! 
 
28 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise L. heel — 1! Down — 2! Right heel 
 —3! Down— 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Mark time four counts, march forw. with clapping hands four 
 counts, mark time four counts, and march backw. to place in four counts 
 with clapping hands — March! (See March in Lesson 2.) 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. — 1! Return^ — 2! 
 Begin! 1—2! 
 
 2. Strike L. arm outw. — 1! Return L. arm and strike R. arm outw. 
 — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! Touchstep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Touchstep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 (The leg is moved in the direction indicated, the ankle well extended 
 and the toes placed on the floor; the foot retains the same relative posi- 
 tion, i. e., at a right angle to the other. This holds good in all exercises in 
 which one foot is moved away from the other. A fault to be particularly- 
 guarded against in this exercise is the moving of the body either forw. or 
 backw. and especially downw., i. e., a tilting upward of the hip on the side 
 of the body on which is the leg that remains in place and carries the entire 
 weight of the body, no weight being placed upon the foot that moves.) 
 
 4. Touchstep forw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Touchstep 
 forw. R. and raise arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 ■ — 2! Sidw. R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands backw. — Grasp! 
 
 6. Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend forw. — 3! Raise — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike L. arm outw. — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Right arm — 3! Return^ — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Strike arms outw. — Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. Hands backw. — 
 Grasp ! 
 
 9. Touchstep sidw. L.— 1! Return— 2! Sidw. R.— 3! Return— 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 10. Mark time and clap hands on 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 of eight counts — March! 
 
 LESSON 5* 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike' — Raise! Strike forw. — 1! Return — 2! Be- 
 gin! 1—2! etc. 
 
 2. Strike L. arm forw. — 1! Return — 2! R. arm forw. — 3! Return — 
 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. foot in front of R. knee — 1! Down 
 — 2! R. foot in front of L. knee — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn R. 
 —3! Front — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike forw. — 1! Return — 2! Be- 
 gin! Move arms to outw. strike — Move! 
 
 6. Strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with 
 hands — 1! Return — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Bend head sidw. L.— 1! Raise— 2! Bend R.— 3! Raise— 4! Be- 
 gin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 29 
 
 9. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — 2\ 
 Move arms to outw. strike — 3! Move to forw. strike — 4! Begin! Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 10. Raise heels and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend 
 knees and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Hands — 
 Down ! 
 
 11. Even aisles about — Face! Mark time — March! Through the 
 aisles to your L. (Follow rows to your L.) — March! Mark time — March! 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 outw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust downw. — 3! Bend^ — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Turn trunk L.— 1! Front— 2! Turn R.— 3! Front— 4! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. and raise L. leg forw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms forw. and raise R. leg forw. — 3! Return — 
 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust arms forw. — 3! Bend 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Raise shoulders upw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Backw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend 
 knees — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee and bend arms to thrust — 1! Pos. 
 — 2! Raise R. foot in front of L. knee and bend arms to thrust — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Mark time — March! Even aisles L. about in four counts — Face! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Forward to your L., following rows to your L. — March! 
 Mark time — March! Even aisles about — Face! 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Swing arms forw. — 1! Downw. backw. — 2! Forward overh. — 3! 
 Downw. backw. (through front direction) — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 
 2. Arms forw. — Raise! Swing arms outw. — 1! Forward — 2! 
 Downw. backw. — 3! Forward — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Arms backw.— Fold! Turn head L.— 1! Front— 2! Right— 3! 
 Front — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Right knee — 3! Down— 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Swing arms outw. overh. and clap hands — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 downw. and clap hands backw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Repeat exercise 5 — then swing arms forw. overh. — 3! Swing arms 
 forw. downw. and backw. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 7. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 forw. — 3! Raise — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 —2! Right— 3! Straighten— 4! Begin! 
 
30 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 9. Arms backw. — Fold I Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Right lower leg — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 10. March forw. four counts — Mark time and L. about-face! (V2 
 turn) in four counts — March forw. four counts — Mark time and L. about- 
 face in four counts — March! (16 counts.) 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Handb on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Outw.— 3! On hips— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2 Straighten L. arm upw. — 1! On hip and right arm upw. — 2!- 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten L. arm outw. — 1! On hip and R. arm outw. — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down 
 — 2! R. lower leg — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Turn head L. and raise arms outw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn head R. 
 and raise arms outw. — 3! Pos — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten arms downw. — 3! Hands on hips — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! Straighten downw. — 3! 
 On hips — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Move shoulders . backw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Right — 
 3! Front— 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Right leg — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Mark time four counts, — four counts forw., — mark time with L. 
 about face in four counts — four- counts forw. — mark time with L. about- 
 face in four counts — mark time four counts — March! (24 counts.) 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw.- — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise L. arm forw. overh.— 1! Down — 2! R. arm — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Raise L. leg sidw. and arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Right leg sidw. 
 and arms outw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw., clap hands and quickly 
 touch toes — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend trunk backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! 
 Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! (In raising overhead you may clap hands.) 
 
 6. Raise L. arm outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! R. arm — 3! Down 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise-^2! 
 Head forw. — 3! Raise — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise L. arm outw. overh. and touchstep sidw. T.. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise R. arm outw. overh. and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Raise L. arm forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Pos — 2! 
 Raise R. arm forw. overh. and touchstep forw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend knees 
 — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 11. March as in last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYKICAL CULTURJB. 31 
 
 LESSON W. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders— 2! Outw.— 3! On shoulders— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arm upw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Downw. backw. 
 (obi.) — 3! On shoulders— 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Touchstep sidw. L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Touchstep sidw. R. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R— 3! Front— 4! Begin! Hands— Down! 
 
 5. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head sidw. L. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 Sidw. R.— 3! Raise— 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms outw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Upw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Raise L. heel and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise 
 R. heel and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee and place hands on shoulders — 
 1! Down — 2! R. foot in front of L. knee and hands on shoulders — 3! 
 Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Boys left-about — Face! Through the aisles forw. — March! 
 (There being eight aisles in the class, counting from the R., (teach- 
 er's left) aisles 1, 3, 5, 7, are occupied by girls; aisles 2, 4, 6, 8, by boys. 
 After command "March," boys follow aisles nearest to their left (girl's), 
 while girls follow the aisles nearest to their R. (boy's), with the exception 
 that the first (1) aisle in the room, left to teacher, will pass the teacher's 
 desk in front or rear, and move down the last aisle (8), right to teacher; 
 all follow alike and stop when they reach their starting point. Elasticity 
 in movement should predominate.) 
 
 LESSON U. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten forw.— 3! On hips— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms downw. — 1! On hips — 2! Straighten outw. — 3! 
 On hips — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Bend trunk sidw. L.—l! Straighten— 2! Sidw. R.— 3! Straight- 
 en — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Forw. 
 —3! Raise— 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten L. arm upw. — 1! L. hand on 
 hip and R. arm upw. — 2! Begin! 
 
 6. Straighten L. arm outw. — 1! L. hand on hip and R. arm outw. 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Touchstep sidw. R. 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten L. arm upw. and raise L. heel 
 — 1! L. hand on hip and lower L. heel, straighten R. arm upw. and raise 
 R. heel— 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Straighten arm upw. — 1! On hips — 2! Straighten downw. — 3! 
 On hips — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Bend knees and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise heels and 
 clap hands overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
32 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 11. Mark time — March! Boys L. about-face in. four counts — March! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4. Through the aisles forw. — March! (See march in last les- 
 son.) 
 
 LESSON J 2. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise outw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—8—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Raise outw. overh. — 3! 
 Down — 4! Begin! (You can also clap hands overh.) 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down 
 — 2! Raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and clap hands — 1! Down — 2! Raise outw. 
 overh. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. and snap fingers — 1! Down — 2! Raise forw. 
 overh. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch toes (with 
 hands) — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend backw. and fold arms forw. — 8 
 Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. and clap hands — 1! Down^ — 2! Raise 
 arms forw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms out. overh. and clap hands — 1! Down — 1! Raise 
 arms outw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 (In exercise 7 and 8 you can also clap hands twice overhead in rapid 
 succession; in one count.) 
 
 9. Raise L. knee forw. and hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Raise 
 R. knee forw. and hands on shoulders — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Mark time four counts and clap hands, march forw. four counts, 
 mark time four counts and clap hands, march backw. four counts and halt 
 — March! (16 counts.) 
 
 LESSON J3, 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 OLitw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1— 2— 3--4! 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust downw. — 3! Bend — 4! 
 Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Touchstep forw. L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Touchstep forw. R. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Place hands behind head— Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! 
 Turn trunk R. — 3! Front — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor (with 
 hands) — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 arms upw. — 3! Bend — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 forw. — 3! Raise — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. and raise L. heel — 1! 
 Return — 2! Thrust arms upw. and raise R. heel — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise L. knee and arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise R. knee and 
 arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. March as in last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 33 
 
 LESSON J4* 
 
 1. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin! 1—2! 
 
 2. Strike L. arm outw.— 1! Return— 2! R. arm— 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk backw. and place hands on 
 shoulders — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Turn head L.—l ! Front— 2! Turn R.— 3! Front— 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands behind head' — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Bend sidw. R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arm.s outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! 
 Return — 4 ! B egin 1 
 
 7. Strike L. arms outw. — 1 ! Return L. arm and strike R. arm outw — 
 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Raise L. leg sidw. and fold arms backw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise 
 R, leg sidw. and fold arms backw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend knees 
 3! Straighten^-4! Begin! 
 
 10. Mark time four counts, L. about-face (% turn) in four counts — • 
 March! (8 counts.) Repeat. 
 
 IV GRADK. 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON L 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise outw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Down 
 — 4! Begin! (You can also clap hands overh.) 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 
 2! Right lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and clap hands — 1! Down — 2! Forwj overh. 
 (without clapping) — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch toes (with 
 hands) — 1! Return — 2! Bend backw. and fold arms forw. — 3! Straighten 
 — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms outw. — 3! 
 Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms forw. — 3! 
 Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Raise L. knee forw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise R. knee forw. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Mark time eight counts — March! Repeat. 
 
34 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 2, 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend^2! Be- 
 gin! 1—2! 
 
 2. Thrust arms outw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Exercises 1 and 2 alternately in four counts — Begin! Arms — 
 Down ! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor (with 
 finger-tips) — 1! Straighten^ — 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 trunk R. — 3! Front — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Touchstep forw. L. and thrust arms upw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Touchstep forw. R. and thrust arms upw. — 3! Return 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Thrust arm upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust downw. — 3! Bend — 4! 
 Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 forw. — 3! Raise — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Arms to thrust — Bend! Raise L. heel and thrust arms upw. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Raise R. heel and thrust arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Raise L, knee forw. and thrust arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise 
 R. knee forw. and thrust arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Mark time four counts, L. about-face (^^ turn) in four counts — 
 March! (8 counts.) Repeat. 
 
 LESSON 3* 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. twice, four counts — raise L. leg forw. once, two 
 counts (in all six counts) — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. twice, four counts, — raise R. leg forw. 
 once, two counts, — in all six counts — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms and L. leg forw. twice, four counts, — raise R. leg and 
 fold arms forw. once, two counts — Begin! (In all 6 counts.) Same, but 
 raise R. leg first twice — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. twice, four counts — 
 bend trunk backw. once, two counts — Begin! (In all 6 counts.) Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. overh. twice, four counts — raise heels once, two 
 counts, — in all six counts — Begin! 
 
 6.. Raise arms outw. twice, four counts,— Bend knees once, two 
 counts, — in all six counts — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! (This differs from 
 touchstep only in that the knee of the leg which remains in place is bent 
 to a right angle, and the whole foot is placed upon the floor instead of 
 only the toes. Weight of body resting on stationary leg entirely.) Hands 
 — Down! 
 
 8. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same R. — 3! Return^ — 4! Raise arms forw. overh. — 5! Grasp hands 
 backw. — 6! Begin! 
 
 9. Bend head backw. once, two counts, — raise heels twice, four 
 counts, (in all six counts) — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 etc. 
 
 10. March as in last lesson, but R. about-face. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 35 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Downw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3—4! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten L. arm upw. and R. arm 
 downw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten L. arm downw. and R. arm upw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! 
 — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Right — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Right — 
 3! Front — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Straighten outw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten L, arm forw. and R. 
 arm outw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Same, but L. arm outw. and R. arm forw. — Begin! 
 
 9. Hands backw. — Grasp! Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Bend 
 L. knee— 1! Straighten — 2! Begin! (Move the leg in the direction in- 
 dicated, allowing the body to move with the foot, and place the latter 
 about 20 inches from the other, firmly upon the floor; the weight of the 
 body must be equally divided.) 
 
 10. Feet change place — 1 — 2! — Same as 9, bending R. knee — Begin! 
 Pos. — Stand! 
 
 11. Mark time — March! Boys L. about-face in four counts — March! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Through the aisles forw. — March! (See march in lesson 
 10. Ill grade.) 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Arms to outw. strike. — Raise! Strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 
 2! Begin! 1—2! 
 
 2. Strike L. arm outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms Down! 
 
 3. Touchstep forw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise arms forw. overh. — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Same, but touchstep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Touchstep forw. L. and raise arras forw. overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 C. Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Right — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but touchstep R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp!. Raise heels and bend head backw. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Bend knees and bend head forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same R. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
36 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. twice, four 
 counts — bend knees once, two counts — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3—4 — 5 — 6 etc. 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Move! Strike arms outw. twice — Raise 
 heels, once — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 etc. Arms— Down! 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels twice — Bend knees once 
 —Begin! Hands^ — Down! 
 
 4. Arms to outw. strike^ — Raise! Strike arms outw. twice — Bend 
 trunk forw. once — Begin! 
 
 5. Move arms to forw strike — Move! Strike arms forw. twice — 
 Bend trunk backw once — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R.— 3! Front — 4! Bend trunk forw.— 5! Straighten— 6! Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike L. arms outw. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Strike R. arm outw. — 3! Return — 4! Strike both arms outw. — 5! 
 Return — 6! Begin! 
 
 8. Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. R. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Strike arms outw. — 5! Return — 6! Begin! Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 9. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 
 2! Bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels — 5! Down — 6! 
 Begin! 
 
 10. Mark time — March! Even aisles L. about-face in four counts — 
 March! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Rows forw. to your L. — March! Mark time — 
 March! Even aisles L. about-face in four counts — March! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 
 LESSON 1. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 outw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Thrust L. arm forw. and R. arm outw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Same, but R. arm forw. and L. arm outw. — Begin! Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 4. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend 
 backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Raise L. leg forw. and bend arms to thrust — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 R .leg sidew. and arms to thrust — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Same, but L. leg sidw. on count 1, and R. leg forw. on count 3 — 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Outw. 
 —3! Bend— 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Thrust L. arm upw. and R. arm outw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Thrust L. arm outw. and R. arm upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 10. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 Forw. — 3! Raise — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Arms backw.— Fold! Stride Pos. outw. L. R. (both feet sidw.) 
 — Place! 1 — 2! (Both feet are moved away from each other in quick 
 succession, each about 10 inches length.) Bend L. knee— 1! Straighten 
 —2! Bend R. knee— 3! Straighten— 4! Begin! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 (Before exercising stride pos. outw. the class should either execute 
 L. face. Va, turn, or raise their respective seats in two counts.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 37 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Swing arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Arms forw. down 
 backw. and lower heels — 2! Begin! (You can also' clap hands overh.) 
 1_2_1_2! 
 
 2. Arms forw. — Raise! Swing arms outw. and bend knees — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Turn trunk L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same R. — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and grasp hands backw. — Place! 1 — 2! 
 Bend L. knee — 1! Straighten — 2! Raise arms outw. overh. — 3! Grasp 
 hands backw. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Same, but bend R. knee — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
 6. Arms backw.— Fold! Turn head L.— 1! Front— 2! Right— 3! 
 Front — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and grasp hands backw. — Place! 1 — 2! 
 Bend L. knee and raise arms outw. overh. — 1! Return — 2! Same, 
 bending R. knee— 3! Return-^! Begin! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 8. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor (with hands) — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. [Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. knee forw. — 1! Downi — 21 
 Right knee — 3! Down — 4! Begin! Hands' — Down! 
 
 10. March forw. four counts, mark time and L. about-face (^^ turn) 
 in four counts, March forw. four counts, mark time and L. about-face 
 in four counts — March! (16 counts.) 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten forw.— 3! On hips— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. twice^ — Bend trunk forw. once — Begin! 1 — 
 2—3—4—5—6! 
 
 3. Straighten arms forw. twice — Bend trunk backw. once — Begin! 
 1—2—3—4—5—6. 
 
 4. Arms in circle overh. — Raise! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straight- 
 en— 2! Bend R.— 3! .Straighten— 4! Begin! Arms— Down! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Straighten arms forw. — 5! Hands 
 on hips — 6! Begin! 
 
 6. Bend head sidw. L. — 1! Raise — 2! Same R. — 3! Raise — 4' 
 Straighten arms upw. — 5! Hands on hips — 6! Begin! 
 
 7. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee — 1! Down — 2! Same .R — 3! 
 Down^-4! Straighten arms outw. — 5! Hands on hips — 6! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms downw. twice, four 
 counts — Straighten arms upw. once, two counts — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 
 5—6! 
 
 9. Straighten arms upw. twice, four counts — Bend knees once, two 
 counts — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6. 
 
 10. Raise heels twice, four counts — Bend knees once, two counts — 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6! Hands— Down! 
 
38 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON la 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down — i! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise L. arm forw. and R. arm forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Same, but L. arm forw. overh. and R. arm forw. — Begin! 
 
 4. Raise L. knee forw. and arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but 
 raise R. knee forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 
 2! Backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Bend head backw. and raise arms upw. (hands on line with face — 
 1! Pos.— 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Bend head forw. and raise arms backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise L. arm forw^ and R. arms outw. — 1\ Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 9. Same, but L. arm outw. and R. arm forw. — Begin! 
 
 10. Touchstep iorw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same, but touchstep forw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Mark time, four counts — Four counts forw. — Mark time with L. 
 about-face in four counts — Four counts forw. — Mark time with L. about- 
 face in four counts — Mark time four counts — March! (24 counts.) 
 
 LESSON U. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders— 2! Outw.— 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! etc. 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. and raise 
 heels— 1! Return— 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms forw. and bend knees — 1! Return — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Exercise No. 2 and 3 alternately in four counts — Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn R. 
 —3! Front— 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Straighten arms outw^ — 3! Hands on shoulders — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Same, but bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 8. Bend trunk sidw. L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same bending R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. knee forw. and straighten 
 arms. forw. — 1! Returri — 2! Same, but raise R. knee — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 10. Arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 LESSON n. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. twice — Straighten 
 arms forw. once — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6! 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. twice — Bend trunk sidw. L.. once — Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms forw. twice— Bend trunk sidw. R. once — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels twice — Bend knees once 
 — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 1 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 39 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. twice — Bend trunk 
 backw. once — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn R. 
 — 3! Front — 4! Straighten arms outw. — 5! Hands on hips — 6! Begin! 
 
 7. Straighten arms upw. twice — L. face {V4 turn) once — Begin! 
 (Continue this exercise four times, which brings you back to the 
 
 front.) 
 
 8. Same, but turn to the R. — Begin! 
 
 (In 7 and 8 place 4 counts on arm exercises and 2 counts on the ^A 
 turn.) 
 
 9. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee — 1! Down — 2! Raise R. foot 
 in front of L. knee — 3! Down — 4! Straighten arms upw. — 5! Hands on 
 Hips — 6! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Mark time four counts and clap hands — march forw. four counts- 
 mark time four counts and clap hands — March backw. four counts and 
 halt — March! (16 counts.) 
 
 LESSON 13. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 upw.— 3! Bend-^! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Thrust L. arm forw. and R. arm upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Same, but L. arm upw. and R. arm forw. — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Turn trunk L. — 3! Front — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 
 2! Turn trunk R. — 3! Front — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust L. arm forw. and R. arm outw. 
 — 1! Bend— 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Same, but L. arm outw. and R. arm forw. — Begin! Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 8. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Turn 
 head L.— 3! Front— 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Bend head forw.— 1 ! Raise— 2! Turn head R.— 3! Front— 4! 
 B egin ! ArmS' — D own ! 
 
 10. Bendkneestep forw. L. and bend arms to thrust — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bendkneestep sidw. R. and bend arms to thrust — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Same, but first bendkneestep sidw. L., then forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 LESSON i4. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms outw. — 3! Down — 
 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L.-^l! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 arms forw. and touchstep forw. R. — 3! Pos.^4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 arms outw .and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 —2! Bend sidw. R.— 3! Straighten— 4! Begin! Hands— Down! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. and raise i^rms forw. upw. (in line with face) 
 — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend trunk forw. and tiiwh. floor (with finger-tips) — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
40 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 (Change the exercise by clapping hands in raising arms upw. or 
 clap hands backw. in bending trunk forw,) 
 
 6. Raise L. knee forw. — Raise! Raise arms forw. and straighten L. 
 leg forw. — 1! Raise knee and arms down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2! Leg; — 
 Down! 
 
 7. Same, but R. leg. (In straightening the leg forw. the knee 
 straightens and the foot comes about 12 inches above the floor.) 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Pes. — 2! Raise arms 
 forw. and bend knees — 3! Pes. — 4! Begin! (For a change, clap hands 
 overh. while raising arms overh.) 
 
 9. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and grasp hands backw.^ — Place! 1 — 2! 
 Bend L. knee and raise arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend R. knee and 
 raise arms outw. overh. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
 10. Mark time four counts, march forw. four counts, mark time four 
 counts, march backw. four counts and halt — March! (16 counts.) You 
 may clap hands on the first of each four counts. Repeat! 
 
 V GRADK 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down^ — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Arms 
 forw. overh. and touchstep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Arms 
 outw. overh. and touchstep sidw. R.^^! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Bend trunk forw. and touchstep backw. 
 L. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk backw. and touchstep forw. L. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Turn trunk L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Return^ — 2! Turn trunk 
 R. and raise arms forw. — -3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms backw. (obi.) and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Return — 
 2! Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms sidw. L. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return^ — 2! 
 Raise arms sidw. R. and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 (In raising arms sidw. L. both arms move in that direction, R. arm 
 bends in the elbow-joint, R. hand near L. shoulder, both arms on a level 
 with shoulders. In moving to the R. the L. arm will bend.) 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. upw. and bend head backw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Raise arms backw (obi.) and bend head forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands backw. — Grasp! Touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return' — 2! 
 Bendkneestep sidw. L, — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same to the R. — Begin! 
 
 10. Mark time eight counts, march forw. eight counts, mark time 
 eight counts, march backw. eight counts — March! Repeat! 
 
 (Before beginning exercise 10 the class should walk backw. a few 
 steps.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 41 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten forw.— 3! On hips— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. and raise heels — 1! Return — 2! Straighten 
 arms forw. and bend knees — 3! Return — 4! Begin! (From this grade on 
 upw. bending knees is to be executed to a R. angle, a deep bend, heels 
 raised so weight of body rests on the forepart of feet, body erect.) 
 
 3. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same, but bendkneestep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 
 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands behind head— Place! Turn trunk L.— 1! Front— 2! Turn 
 R. — 3! Front — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L. — ^1! Return— 2! Same, but bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Return 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Same, but bendkneestep backw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and turn head L. 
 —1! Return— 2! Same to the R.— 3! Return-^! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L, — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arm.s outw. and bendkneestep sidw. 
 L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 10. Touchstep sidw. L. and clap hands overh. — 1! Return^ — 2! Bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and 
 bendkneestep R. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 outw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust outw. — 3! Bend — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 8. Bend trunk backw. and thrust arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend 
 trunk forw. and touch floor (with open hand) — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust — Bend! Bend trunk sidw. L. and thrust arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk sidw. R. and thrust arms outw — 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! (In thrusting arms outw. they are to be on a level 
 with shoulders.) 
 
 5. Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Thrust arms forw. and bend 
 L. knee — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms outw. and bend R. (rear) knee — 
 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Feet change place — 1 — ^2! Same as exercise 5, but bend R. knee 
 on count 1, and L. knee on count 3 — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust— Bend! Stride pos. outw. L. R.— Place! 1—2! 
 Bend L. knee and thrust arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bend 
 R. knee— 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. As exercise 7, but thrust arms upw. — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
42 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 9. Arms to thrust — Bend! Stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! 
 One-fourth turn L. (left-face) on heels, bend L. knee and thrust arms 
 forw. — 1! Return to front — 2! Same R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Pos. 
 — Stand! 1 — 2! (Before beginning this exercise raise seats, or execute 
 Vi turn.) 
 
 10. See march in lesson 1, add clapping hands on the first of eight 
 counts, 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Raise arms and L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Arms and R. leg 
 forw.— 3! Down— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Same, but bend stationary leg — Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh., raise L. leg forw. and bend R. (station- 
 ary) leg — 1! Return — 2! Raise arms forw. overh., raise R. leg forw. 
 and bend L. leg — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk obi. backw., L. and R. — 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! Hands— Down! 
 
 (In bending obliquely backw. L. turn trunk first to the R., thence 
 bend backw. L. on count — 1! Straighten trunk and turn to the front on 
 count— 2! similar to the R. 3—4!) 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk obi. forw., L. and R. — 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! Hands— Down! 
 
 (In bending obliquely forw. L. turn trunk first L. then bend forw. 
 on count — 1! straighten trunk and turn to the front on count — 2! similar 
 to the R. 3—4!) 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Raise 
 arms outw. overh. and raise heels — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Same, but bend knees, in'stead of raising heels — Begin! 1 — 2 — 
 3—4! 
 
 8. One-fourth turn L. (L. face) and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! 
 Arms down — 2! L. face and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Arms down — 4! 
 Repeat movement one — 5! Arms down — 6! Repeat movement one — 7! 
 Arms down — 8! Begin! 
 
 (Count 7 brings class back to front.) 
 
 9. Same, but one-fourth turn R. and raise arms forward — Begin! 
 
 10. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. leg sidw. and bend R. leg — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Same to the R., but bend L. leg — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms 
 — Down! 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms backw. downw. 
 (obi.) and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Return — 2\ Same, but R. leg backw. 
 —3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—8—4! Hands— Down! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders and raise L. knee forw. — Place! Straighten 
 arms and L. leg forw. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms and L. leg outw. 
 8! Return — 4! Begin! Hands and leg — Down! 
 
 3. Same, but while R. knee is raised straighten R. leg — Begin! 
 Hands and leg — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Turn trunk L. and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn trunk R. and straighten arms forw. — 81 
 Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 43 
 
 5. Same, but straighten arms outw. — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 (While trunk executes Vs of a turn arms are to be on a straight line 
 
 with shoulders, chest well expanded.) Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend trunk obi. forw. L. and fold 
 arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bend trunk obi. forw. R. — 3! Re- 
 turn — ! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and 
 straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bend trunk obi. backw. 
 R.— 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands— Down! 
 
 (In straightening arms same are to be in line with face.) 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms overh. and raise 
 heels — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms forw. and bend knees — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms outw. and raise 
 heels — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms outw. and bend knees — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. a. Close rows (aisles) forw. — March! 
 
 (The front pupil of each aisle moves forw. as far as possible, so those 
 in front can form a straight line, each pupil close up within about 12 
 inches of the one in front, and then stop.) 
 
 h. L, — Face! Walk sidw. L. to your starting places — March! 
 
 c. L. — Face! Close rows forw. — March! (Now last pupil of each 
 aisle will walk forw. and form a straight line while rest will close up as 
 in "a."> 
 
 d. L. — Face! Walk sidw. as in b. — Front — Face! 
 
 Repeat the march, but begin with Mark lime — March! and always 
 after reaching the closing point in a, b, c, and d, mark time. Class — 
 Halt! 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Hands on' hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but touchstep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same, but touchstep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Straighten arms forw. and lunge forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 touchstep and lunge forw. R. — Begin! (In the lunge tTie foot advances 
 in the desired direction about 20 inches, and is placed firmly on floor; 
 ball of foot touching floor first, at the same moment the advancing leg 
 is bent so the knee projects beyond the toes; the body moves in the same 
 direction. The stationary leg is kept perfectly straight and foot is not 
 moved or raised in the least. Toes are turned outward. The exercise 
 should be done quietly and with ease. In bringing the advanced leg back 
 to its starting point, pay particular attention that the stationary leg be 
 kept perfectly straight, knee of that leg should not bend in the least.) 
 
 4. Straighten arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Straighten arms outw. and lunge sidw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but touchstep and lunge sidw. R. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with 
 finger-tips — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. 
 —3 ! R eturn— 4 1 B egin ! 
 
44 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 6. Bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same ,but bend trunk to the R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! (In this exercise 
 be careful that arms move in a straight line with shoulders.) 
 
 7. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend 
 knees — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands behind head — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R.— 8! Front— 4! Begin! Hands— Down! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Bend head backw. and straighten arms 
 upw. (in front of face) — 1! Return — 2! Bend head forw. and straighten 
 arms backw. downw. obi. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Lunge backw. L. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but lunge backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! One-fourth turn L. (L. face) and thrust 
 arms forw. — 1! Bend arms — 2! Repeat movement one — 3! Bend arms 
 — 4! Repeat movement one — 5! Bend arms — 6! Repeat movement one 
 — 7! Bend arms — 8! Begin! (Count 7 brings class back to front.) 
 
 2. Same, but one-fourth turn R. and thrust arms upw. — Begin! 
 
 3. Thrust arms upw. twice — lunge backw. L. once — lunge backw. R. 
 once — Begin! (In eight counts.) 
 
 4. Thrust arms outw. twice — Bend trunk sidw. L. and touchstep. 
 sidw. L. once — Bend trunk sidw. R. and touchstep sidw. R. once — Begin! 
 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—8 etc. 
 
 5. Thrust arms forw. and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, 
 but raise R. leg forw. — 3! Return — 4! Bend trunk forw. and place hands 
 on shoulders twice (from 5— 8)— Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—8. 
 
 6. Thrust arms outw. and 'raise L. leg sidw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same, but raise R. leg sidw. — 3! Return — 4! Bend trunk backw. and 
 place hands on shoulders twice (from 5 — 8) — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 
 —7—8. 
 
 7. Thrust arms upw. and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, 
 but raise R. leg backw.— 3! Return — 4! Thrust arms downw. backw. 
 twice (from 5 — 8) — Begin! 
 
 8. Thrust arms backw. downw. (obi.) and raise L. leg backw. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Thrust arms backw. downw. and raise R. leg backw. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Raise heels twice (from 5 — 8) — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. "March" from lesson 5. 
 
 LESSON 8, 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — ^2! 
 Move elbows outw. — 3! Move elbows forw. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 8 — 4 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and turn head 
 L.— 1! Return— 2! Same, but turn head R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and bendknee- 
 step sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bendkneestep sidw. R.— 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. and bendknee- 
 step backw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bendkneestep backw. R.^^! 
 Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 45 
 
 5. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bendkneestep forw. L. and bend trunk 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep forw. R. and bend trunk forw. 
 —3! Return— 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Place hands behind head and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Pos. — 2\ 
 Same, but raise R. leg backw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Place hands behind head and raise L. lower leg backw.— 1! Pos. 
 —2! Same, but raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Pos.--4! Begin! 
 
 8. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Turn trunk L. and strike arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn trunk R. and strike arms outw. — 3! Return 
 — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Arms to outw. strike. — Raise! Bendkneestep sidw, L. strike L. 
 arm sidw. and place R. arm in small of back — 1! Return — 2! Bendknee- 
 step sidw. R. strike R, arm sidw. and place L. arm in small of back — 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 10. Arms backw. — Fold! Touchstep backw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep backw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep 
 and bendkneestep R. — Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Hands on hips and L. knee forw. — Place! Straighten arms and 
 L. leg forw. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms and L. leg outw. — 3! Re- 
 turn— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! Leg— Down! 
 
 2. Raise R. knee forw. — Raise! Same, but straighten arms and R. 
 leg — Begin! Leg — Down! 
 
 3. Raise L. knee forw. — Raise! Straighten arms and L. leg forw. — 
 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms upw. and L. leg backw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! Leg — Down! 
 
 4. Raise R. knee forw. — Raise! Same, but straighten arms and R. 
 leg — Begin! Hands and leg — Down! 
 
 5. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk obi. forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk obi. backw. L.— 1! Return— 2! Same, obi. R.— 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips and stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Straighten 
 arms forw. and bend L. knee — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms upw. 
 and bend R. (rear) knee — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Same as exercise 7. but bend R. knee 
 on count 1, and L. knee on count 3 — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 9. Hands on hips and stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! Bend 
 L. knee and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend R. knee and 
 straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
 10. Mark time eight counts and one-fourth turn L. (L. face) in the 
 last four counts — March sidw. L. eight counts — March sidw. R. eight 
 counts — Mark time eight counts and one-fourth turn R. (R. face) in the 
 last four counts— March! (In all 32 counts.) 
 
 LESSON 10. 
 
 1. One-fourth turn L. (L. face) and raise arms forw. — 1! Arms 
 down — 2! One-fourth turn L. and raise arms forw. — 3! Arms down — 
 4! Repeat movement one — 5! Arms down — 6! Repeat movement one — 
 7! Arms down— 8! Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—8! 
 
 2. Same as exercise 1, but one-fourth turn R. and raise arms forw. 
 overh. — Begin! 
 
46 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 3. Raise arms and L. leg forw. — 1! Pos.— 2! Same, but R. leg forw. 
 —3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms outw. overh. and L. leg sidw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, 
 but R. leg sidw.— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. overh. and L. leg backw. — 1! Pos.— 2! Same, 
 but R. leg backw.— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Hands behind head and bend 
 trunk forw. — 1! Re.urn — 2! Hands behind head and bend trunk backw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Feet change place — 1 — 2! Same, but bend 
 R. knee first— Begin! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 7. Stride pes. outw. L. R. — Place! 1—2! Place hands behind head 
 and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Hands behind head and bend 
 trunk sidw. R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Arms down and 
 bend knees — 2! Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 9. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with finger-tips— 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend trunk backw. and raise arms forw. upw. — 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! (In 
 raising arms forw. upw., vertical, hands are in line with face.) 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise L. leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Bend knees — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! 
 
 11. Raise R. leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise heels — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 LESSON n, 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten 
 arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! .Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 2. Touchstep sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but touchstep and lunge R. 
 
 3. Arms backw. — Fold! Stride backw. L. and bend head backw. — 
 1! Return — 2! Stride forw. R. and bend head forw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! (In stride move the one foot in the desired direction about 20 
 inches.) Same, but stride backw. R. first and on count 3 forw. L. Arms 
 — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep backw. L. and straighten 
 arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms upw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. 
 
 5. Bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk sidw. R. and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn 
 trunk R. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten 
 arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Touchstep sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Begin! The same, but touchstep R. 
 
 8. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee and straighten arms outw. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Same, but R. foot in front of L. knee — 3! Return — 4! Be- 
 gin! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. and 
 straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but R. lower leg backw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 I 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 47 
 
 10. Mark time eight counts (begin with R. foot) and one-fourth turn 
 R. (R. face) in the last four counts — March sidw. R. eight counts — March 
 sidw. L. eight counts — Mark time eight counts and one-fourth turn L. (L. 
 face) in the last four counts — March! (In all 32 counts.) 
 
 LESSON t2. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. 
 R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Same, but bendkneestep sidw. R. — 8! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms backw. downw. (obi.) and bendkneestep backw. 
 L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms backw. downw. and bendkneestep 
 backw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Place hands behind head and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! Pos. 
 — 2! Same, but bend trunk obi. forw. R. — 8! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Place hands behind head and bend trunk obi. backw. L. — 1! Pos. 
 — 2! Same, but bend trunk obi backw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms outw. and turn head L. 
 — 1! Return— 2! Same, but turn head R.— 3! Return^! Begin! 
 
 7. Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Return — 
 2! Same, but R. leg backw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 
 2! Same, but R. leg forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend knees — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Bendkneestep sidw. R. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels — 8! Return 
 — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 LESSON t3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! One-fourth turn L. (L. face) and thrust 
 arms forw. — 1! Bend arms — 2! Same as first movement — 3! Bend arms 
 —4! Same as first movement — 5! Bend arms — 6! Same as first move- 
 ment — 7! Bend arms — 8! Begin! 
 
 2. One-fourth turn R. and thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend arms — 2! 
 Same as first movement — 3! Bend arms — 4! Same as first movement — 5! 
 Bend arms — 6! Same as first movement — 7! Bend arms — 8! Begin! 
 
 3. Arms backw. — Fold! Stride sidw. L. and turn head L. — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Stride sidw. R. and turn head R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust and stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Bend knees 
 and thrust arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Begin! Feet change place — 1 — 2! 
 Repeat first exercise — Begin! Pos. — Stand! (While bending both knees 
 the rear knee will always nearly touch the floor, both feet rise on toes.) 
 
 5. Arms to thrust and stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Raise heels 
 and thrust arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Begin! Feet change place — 1 — 2! 
 Repeat raising heels and thrusting arms — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
48 MANUAL t)b- PHYSICAL crLTURK. 
 
 d. Anns to thrust — Bend! Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and thrust 
 amis upw. — II Return — '21 Bend trunk obi. backw. R. and thrust arms 
 upw. — 3! Return — il Begin! 
 
 (In thrusting arms upw. they are to be in a vertical line with face.) 
 
 7. Bend trunk obi. I'orw. L. and fold arms lorw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same, but obi. forvv. R. — 3! Return — i! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Arms to thrust — Bend! Raise L. knee forw. — Raise! Thrust arms 
 forw and straighten L. leg forw. — II Return — "21 Thrust arms outw. and 
 straighten L. leg sidw. — 31 Return — t! Begin! L. leg downw. and raise 
 R. knee forw. — Change! Same exercise as before in four counts — Begin! 
 Leg — Down I 
 
 9. Raise L. knee forw. — Raise! Thrust arms forw. and straighten L. 
 leg forw. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms upw. and straighten L. leg backw. 
 downw. — 31 Return — 4! Begin! L. leg down and raise R. knee forw. — 
 Change! Same exercise as before in four counts — Begin! Leg — Down! 
 
 10. (In this exercise the class should first advance a few steps and 
 front pupils of aisles form a straight line.) — !Mark time and L. about-face 
 (Vq turn) in eight counts — March fonv. eight counts — L. about-face in 
 eight counts — March forw. eight counts — March! (32 counts in all.) 
 
 (In the above exercise we placed eight counts on the one-half turn, 
 that would be exactly four counts on each one-fourth turn.) 
 
 LESSON 14. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — II Pos. — 21 
 Raise arms forw. and touchstep forvv. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 
 
 2. Raise arms forvv. and bendkneestep forw. L. — II Pos. — 2! Same. 
 but bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms sidw. L. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — ^2! 
 Raise arms sidw. R. and bendkneestep sidw. R.— -3! Pos. — 4! Begin! (In 
 raising arms sidw. L. the R. arm is bent so R. hand is placed near L. 
 shoulder: same holds good to the opposite direction. L. hand near R. 
 shoulder. Both arms are to be on a level with shoulders.) 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Turn tnmk L. — II Front — 2! Turn 
 R.— 3! Front— 4! Begin! Hands— Down! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels — II Bend knees — 2! 
 Straighten knees (remaining on tiptoe) — 31 Heels down — 4! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. and bend trunk sidw. L. — II Pos. — 2! Same. 
 but bend tnmk sidw. R.— 3! Pos. — 41 Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk backw. and raise arms forw. upw. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend trunk forw. and touch floor (with finger-tips) — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Bendkneestep backw. L, bend head backw. and raise arms fonv. 
 upw. — II Pos. — 2! Same, but bendkneestep backw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 9. Bendkneestep forw. L. ber.d head forw. and fold arms backw. — 1! 
 Pos. — 2! Same, but bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 10. Arms backw.— Fold! Touchstep backw. L.— 1! Return— 2! 
 Bendkneestep backw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep 
 and bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! Arms! Down! 
 
MANUAL (JP^ PHYSICAL Cl.'LTUKK. 49 
 
 VI GRADE. 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON t. 
 
 1. Raise arms and L. leg forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise arms and R. leg 
 forw.— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. overh. and L. leg sidw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 arms outw. overh. and R. leg sidw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend sidw. R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Turn trunk L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but turn 
 trunk R.— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. overh. and bend head backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise arms backw. and bend head forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. in circle overh. and raise heels — 1! Bend knees 
 and arms down — 2! Arms in circle overh. and raise heels — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. and L. leg backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, 
 but raise R. leg backw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. overh. and L. leg forw. crosswise — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same, but raise R. leg forw. crosswise — 3! Pos. — 4' Begin! 
 
 (In this leg exercise one leg moves in front of the other leg. ) 
 
 9. See "March" in Lesson 1, V Grade. 
 
 LESSON 2, 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms fonv. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms upw. and touchstep backw. L. 
 —3! Return-4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! Same, but touchstep R.— Begin! 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep forw, R. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 3. Place hands behind head and bend trunk forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Hands behind head and bend trunk backw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms outw. touchstep sidw. L. 
 and turn head L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms upw. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Straighten arms outw. touchstep sidw. R. and turn head R. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Straighten arms backw. downw. (obi.) and touchstep backw. 
 R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Stride forw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Stride forw. R. and straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Hands backw. — Grasp! Touchstep backw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep backw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep. 
 backw .and bendkneestep backw. R. Hands — Down! 
 
50 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURK. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust and stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Thrust 
 arms forw. and bend L. knee — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms upw. and 
 bend R. (rear) knee— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Feet change place (R. foot forw.) — 1 — 2! Thrust arms forw. 
 and bend R. knee — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms upw. and bend L. (rear) 
 knee — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms outw. and touchstep sidw. 
 L. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk forw. and fold arms backw. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin I 
 
 4. Thrust arms outw. and touchstep sidw. R. — l! Return — 2! Bend 
 trunk backw. and thrust arms upw.— 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! Thrust arms outw. and 
 bend L. knee — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk sidw. L. and thrust arms outw. 
 3! Return— 4! Begin! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 6. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and bend arms to thrust — Place! 1 — 2! 
 Thrust arms outw. and bend R. knee — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk sidw. 
 R. and thrust arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust and stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Thrust 
 arms upw. and raise heels — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms outw. and bend 
 knees (both) — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Feet change place (R. foot forw.) — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise 7. Pos. 
 —Stand! 
 
 9. "March" as in lesson 1. 
 
 LESSON 4, 
 
 1. Raise arms and L. leg forw. and bend R. knee — 1! Pos — 2t 
 Raise arms and R. leg forw. and bend L. knee — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms and L. leg forw. and bend R. knee — 1! Pos. — 2\ 
 Lunge forw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms and R. leg forw. and bend L. knee — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Lunge forw. R. and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Bend trunk obi. backw. L. place hands behind head and touch- 
 step obi. forw. R. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. R. place hands 
 behind head and touchstep obi. forw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! (In 
 touchstep obliquely forw. the desired foot moves midway between forw. 
 and sidw. pos.) 
 
 5. Raise arms and L. leg backw. and bend R. knee — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Lunge backw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but raise R. leg backw. and lunge bacwk. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms and L. leg sidw. L., turn head L.. and bend R. knee 
 — 1! Pos. — 2! Lunge sidw. L. and raise arms outw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but raise R. leg, turn head R. and lunge to the R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk obi. forw. L. place hands behind head and touchstep 
 obi. backw. R. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but obi. forw. R. and touchstep obi. 
 backw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! (In touchstep obliquely backw. the de- 
 sired foot moves midway between sidw. and backw. pos.) 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. and L. knee forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Touchstep 
 forw. R. and arms forw. overh. — 3! Pes. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Raise R. knee forw. — 1! Down — ^2t 
 Touchstep forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 51 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. and raise 
 L. leg forw. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Same, but raise R. leg forw. and bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 1—2—3—4! Hands— Down! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. and raise 
 L. leg backw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep backw. L, bend trunk 
 forw. and straighten arms downw. (finger-tips touching floor) — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Same, but R. leg backw. and bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! 
 1_2— 3— 4! Hands— Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms outw. and raise 
 L. leg sidw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn trunk L. straighten arms outw. and 
 bendkneestep sidw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Same, but raise R. leg sidw. turn trunk R. and bendkneestep 
 sidw. R.— Begin! 1—2—3—4! Hands— Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. and L. knee forw. — Raise! Straighten L. leg 
 forw. — 1! Raise L. knee — 2! Straighten L. leg sidw. — 3! Raise L. knee 
 — 4! Straighten L. leg backw. — 5! Raise L. knee — 6! Begin! Pos. — 
 Stand! Repeat above exercise, but have R. knee raised and arms outw. 
 — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 (Caution pupils not to move with a jerk, but move steady.) 
 
 8. ''March" see lesson 5 in V Grade. 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 8! 
 Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but touchstep and lunge forw. 
 R.— Begin! 
 
 2. Straighten arms backw. downw. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Arms circle overh. — Raise! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R.— 3! Front— 4! Begin! Arms- Down! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge sidw. L., bend trunk sidw. R., raise L. 
 arm semi-circle overh. and turn head R. (facing R. foot) — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 5. Straighten arms outw. and touchstep sidw. R. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Lunge sidw. R., bend trunk sidw. L., raise R. arm semi-circle overh. 
 and turn head L. (facing L. foot) — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Stride pos. L. foot forw. and place hands behind head — Place. 
 Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten trunk — 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Feet change place (R. foot forw.) — 1 — 2! Lower arms on one 
 and place hands behind head on two. Repeat exercise 6 — Begin! Pos. 
 —Stand! 
 
52 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. and raise heels — 1! 
 Return — 2! Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms backw. downw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Bend knees — 1! Straighten — 2! Lunge backw. R. — 3! Return 
 > — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! One-fourth turn L. (L. face) bend knees 
 and thrust arms forw. — 1! Straighten knees and bend arms to thrust — 2! 
 Same as first movement — 3! Same as second movement — 4! Same as 
 first — 5! Same as second — 6! As first — 7! As second — 8! Begin! 1 — 2 
 _3_4_5_6— 7— 8! 
 
 2. One-fourth turn R. (R. face) raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 1! 
 Heels down and bend arms to thrust — 2! Continue until you come back 
 to front on count eight — Begin! 
 
 3. Turn trunk L. and thrust arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn 
 trunk R. and thrust arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Lunge forw. L. and fold 
 arms backw. — 5! Return — 6! Lunge forw. R. and fold arms backw. — 7! 
 Return — 8! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust — Bend! Lunge backw. L. and thrust arms upw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Lunge backw. R. and thrust arms upw. — 3! Return— 4! 
 Touchstep sidw. L. and thrust arms outw. — 5! Return — 6! Touchstep 
 sidw. R. and thrust arms outw. — 7! Return — 8! B,egin! 
 
 5. Lunge sidw. L. and thrust arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge 
 sidw. R. and thrust arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Touchstep backw. L. 
 and thrust arms downw. backw. — 5! Return — 6! Touchstep backw. R. 
 and thrust arms downw. backw. — 7! Return — 8! Begin! 
 
 6. Bend trunk obi. forw. L. and place hands on hips — 1! Return — 
 2! Bend trunk obi. forw. R. and place hands on hips — 3! Return — 4! 
 Raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 5! Return — 6! Raise heels and thrust 
 arms upw. — 7! Return — 8! Begin! 
 
 7. Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and thrust arms upw. (in front or face) 
 — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. R. and thrust arms upw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Bend knees and fold arms backw. — 5! Return — 6! Bend 
 knees and fold arms backw. — 7! Return — 8! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. "March" as in lesson 5. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and bendknee- 
 step sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. 
 R.— ^! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! Arms— Down! 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Bend trunk sidw. L. and strike 
 arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and strike arms outw. 
 —3! Return— 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Same, but bend trunk sidw. R. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — Be- 
 gin! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Place hands behind head and raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Pos. 
 — 2! Same, but raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Place hands behind head and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same, but raise R. knee forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 I 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 53 
 
 6. Raise arms in front for outw. strike — Raise! (L. hand in front of 
 L. half of chest, and R. hand in front of R. half of chest, knuckles of 
 hands turned upw., arms on a level with shoulders.) Strike arms outw. 
 and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bendkneestep 
 backw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms in front for outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. 
 and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and bend- 
 kneestep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep forw. L. crosswise — 1! Re- 
 turn- — 2! Bendkneestep forw. R. crosswise — 3! Return — 4! Begin! (In 
 crosswise the one foot moves in front of the other foot.) Arms — Down! 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but touchstep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. One-fourth turn L. (L. face) touchstep forw. L, and straighten 
 arms forw. — 1! L. foot beside R. and hands on hips — 2! One-fourth 
 turn L. bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. — 5\ Straighten 
 trunk and hands on hips — 4! Same as one — 5! Same as two — 6! Same 
 as three— 7! Same as four— 8! Begin! 1—2— 3— 4— 5— 6—7— 8 ! 
 
 3. One-fourth turn R. touchstep forw. R. and straighten arms forw. 
 — 1! R. foot beside L. and hands on hips — 2! One-fourth turn R. bend 
 trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Straighten trunk and hand"* 
 on hips— 4! Continue from 5 to 8— Begin! ; 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—8! 
 
 4. Touchstep sidw. L. bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Touchstep sidw. R. bend trunk sidw. R. and straighten 
 arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 (In this exercise the entire weight of body rests on the stationary 
 leg.) 
 
 5. One-fourth turn L. touchstep sidw. L. bend trunk sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms outw. — 1! Straighten trunk, replace hands and L. foot — 
 2! One-fourth turn L., raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 3! Heels 
 down and hands on hips — 4! Continue from 5 — 8 — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — • 
 5—6—7—8! 
 
 6. One-fourth turn R. touchstep sidw. R. bend trunk sidw. R. and 
 straighten arms outw. — 1! Straighten trunk, replace hands and R. foot 
 — 2! One-fourth turn R. bend knees and straighten arms forw. — 3! 
 Straighten knees and hands on hips — 4! Continue from 5 — 8 — Begin! 
 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—5 ! Hands— Down ! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. 
 — 1! Bend knees and fold arms backw. — 2! Raise heels and straighten 
 arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! ("Return" stands 
 for "Hands on hips and heels down.") 
 
 8. "March" as in lesson 9, V. Grade. 
 
 LESSON to. 
 
 1. Raise arms and L. leg forw. and bend R. knee — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise arms outw. L. leg sidw. and bend R. knee — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but raise R. leg and bend L. knee — Begin! 1 — 2 — 
 3—4! 
 
64 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 2. Raise arms and L. leg forw. and bend R. knee — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and raise arms upw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but raise R. leg, bending L. knee, and bend trunk obi. backw. R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Bend trunk obi, forw. L. and fold arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend 
 trunk obi. forw. R. and fold arms forw. — 8! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. L. foot forw. and place hands behind head — Place! 
 Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend trunk forw. and bend L. 
 knee — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin. 
 
 5. Feet change place — 1 — 2! (Lower arms at 1 and place hands 
 behind head at 2.) As exercise 4, but bend R. knee — Begin! Pos. — 
 Stand! 
 
 6. Place hands on shoulders, raise L. leg backw. and bend R .knee 
 — 1! Pos. — 2! Lunge forw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but raise R. leg backw., bending L. knee and lunge forw. 
 R.— Begin! 
 
 7. Turn trunk L. raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Pos. 
 — 2! Raise arms outw. overh. raise L. leg sidw. and bend R. knee — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but turn trunk R., touchstep R. and raise R. 
 leg, bending L. knee — Begin! 
 
 8. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise L. leg forw. and bend R. knee — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but raise R. leg — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 LESSON tU 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. and lunge 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but lunge forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Be- 
 gin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. and lunge backw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. and lunge 
 backw. R. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders^ — Place! Straighten arms forw. and lunge 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Straighten arms forw. and lunge sidw. R. — 1! Return — 2! Bend 
 knees and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms diagonally and 
 lunge sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms diagonally and lunge 
 sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! (In lunge sidw. L. the L. arm comes 
 midway between the sidw. and upw. position and the R. arm comes mid- 
 way between the sidw. and downw. position, and lowered arm is always 
 parallel with the corresponding leg. Head should always move in the 
 direction of uj)per hand.) Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and place hands on shoulders — Place! 1 
 — 2! Bend L. knee, bend trunk sidw. R. and straighten arms outw. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Bend R. knee, bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! (In straightening arms 
 outw. they are to be on a level with shoulders, that brings one arm in an 
 upw. and the other arm in a downw. position.) 
 
 8. "March" as in lesson 11, V Grade. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 55 
 
 LESSON J 2. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return— 2! Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep forw. 
 R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Straighten arms upw. and raise L. knee forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but bendkneestep R. on first count, and raise R. knee on third 
 count — Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms backw. downw. (obi.) and bendkneestep backw. 
 L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms upw. and raise L. lower leg backw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but bendkneestep R. on first count and 
 raise R. lower leg on third count — Begin! 
 
 4. Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. R. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Bend trunk obi. forw. L. and fold arms forw. — 1! Return (with 
 hands on hips) — 2! Bend trunk obi. forw. R. and fold arms forw — 3! 
 Return — 4 !Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Place hands behind head and 
 raise heels — 1! Return — 2! Place hands behind head and bend knees 
 (both)— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Feet change place (R. foot forw.) — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise 6 — 
 Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms diagonally and bend- 
 kneestep backw. L. — 1! Return^ — 2! Straighten arms diagonally and bend- 
 kneestep backw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! (In the bendkneestep 
 backw. L., the L. arm is straightened backw. downw. obi. and the R. arm 
 obi. forw. upw., i. e., the R. arm midway between forw. and upw. position. 
 Head should always move in the direction of upper hand.) 
 
 9. Fold arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 
 2! Bendkneestep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 LESSON J3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. and stride forw. L. (L. 
 foot forw.") — 1! Return- — 2! Thrust arms forw. and stride forw. R. — 3! 
 Return— 4 ! Begin! 1—2—3—4 ! 
 
 2. Thrust arms outw. and stride sidw. L. and turn head L. — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Thrust arms upw. and lunge sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Thrust arms outw., stride sidw. R. and turn head R. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Thrust arms upw. and lunge sidw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Bend trunk obi. backw. L., thrust arms upw. and touchstep obi. 
 forw. R. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. R.. thrust arms upw. 
 and touchstep obi. forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Bend trunk obi. forw. L. and place hands on hips — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend trunk obi. forw. R. and place hands on hips — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. and stride forw. L. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Turn trunk L. and thrust arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but stride R. on the first count and turn trunk R. on the third 
 count — Begin! 
 
56 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 7. Thrust arms outw. and stride backw. L, — 1! Return — 2! Thrust 
 arms upw. and lunge forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Thrust arms upw. and stride backw. R. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust 
 arms outw. and lunge forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Downl 
 
 V. "March," as in lesson 13, V Grade. 
 
 LESSON H. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw, and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 arms forw. overh. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 8! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 
 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 arms outw. in circle overhead (fingers meet), bend trunk sidw. L. and 
 touchstep sidw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — 1 ! Pos. — 2 ! Raise 
 arms outw. in circle overh., bend trunk sidw. R. and touchstep sidw. R. 
 —8! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Place hands behind head, bend 
 trunk forw. and bend L. knee — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and place 
 hands behind head^-3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Feet change place (R. foot forw.) — 1 — 2! Place hands behind 
 head and bend trunk backw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend knees (both) and 
 place hands behind head — 3! Return — 4! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. overh. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Pos. — ^2! 
 Raise arms outw. overh. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms sidw. L. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise arms sidw .R. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Place hands on hips and bendkneestep backw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep backw. R. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep backw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 VII GRADK. 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON i. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Swing outw. — 2! Swing forw. — 3! Pos. — 
 4! Begin! 1—2—3-4! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — 1! Raise overh. and touchstep forw. L. — ^2! 
 Arms forw. and closestep L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep 
 R.— Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. — 1! Raise arms overh. and raise heels — 21 
 Lower arms to first movement and lower heels — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. — 1! Swing outw. and bend knees — 2! Arms 
 forw. and straighten knees — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 57 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. — 1! Bend trunk forw. (arms down) — 2! 
 Straighten trunk (arms forw.) — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. — 2! Straighten trunk 
 —3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. — 1! Swing arms sidw. L. and touchstep sidw. 
 L. — 2! Arms forw. and closestep L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 swing arms sidw. R. and touchstep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Mark time eight counts — One-fourth turn L. continued eight 
 counts (two counts on each V^ turn), while marking time — One-fourth 
 turn R. continued eight counts, while marking time — Mark time eight 
 counts — March! (In all 32 counts.) 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Raise arms overh. and raise L. leg forw. 
 — 2! Arms forw. and leg down — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, 
 but raise R. leg forw. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Turn trunk L. — 2! Front — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Begin! Same, but turn trunk R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. — 1! Swing arms forw. downw. while bending 
 trunk forw. — 2! Arms outw. and straighten trunk — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. and fold arms backw. — 
 2! Straighten trunk and arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. — 1! Arms cverh. and raise L. leg sidw. — 2! 
 Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but raise R. leg 
 sidw. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 2! Straighten 
 trunk — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw, — 1! Raise L. leg backw. and place hands be- 
 hind head — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but raise R. leg backw. — Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. — 1! Fold arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. 
 L. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bend- 
 kneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 9. Arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Raise L. leg 
 forw. — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bend- 
 kneestep R. and raise R. leg — Begin! 
 
 10. "March" from lesson 1. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — 1! Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. 
 L. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1—2 — 3 — 4! 
 Same, but bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Hands on hips and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Straighten arms outw. 
 and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips and bend trunk forw. — 1! Bend backw. — 2! Bend 
 forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — 1! Straighten arms upw. and raise heels — 2! 
 Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but straighten 
 arms outw. — Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. R. 
 — 2! Bend sidw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but begin with bending 
 trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
58 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 6. Hands on hips and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Change bent leg 
 and straighten arms oiitw. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! ("Change bent leg" means to straighten the one which is in a 
 bent position and at the same moment bend the other knee.) Same, but 
 begin with the bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Straighten arms upw. 
 and bendkneestep forw. L. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos.— 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 8. March in lines. Mark time — March! Lines forw. to the L. — 
 March! — i. e., the front pupil of each aisle marches forward out of the 
 aisle, then turns Vl turn to the L. and marches forw. to the L. side of 
 room (R. of teacher) at the corner repeat one-fourth turn L. and march 
 down along the L. side of room; at the corner repeat one-fourth turn L., 
 march forward along rear of room, turn to the front, march forw., last 
 aisle pupils marching up first aisle and first aisle pupils marching up the 
 last aisle. Repeat once more and have pupils of each aisle march to their 
 own aisle. When not marching forw. have class to mark time. Pay at- 
 tention that each line when coming to the front, and before stepping up 
 from the rear, will perform the Y4 turn simultaneously. 
 
 LESSON 4, 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Swing arms outw. and stride sidw. L. (L. 
 foot) — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 1 — 2—3—4! 
 Same, but stride sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — 1! Raise arms overh. and stride forw. L. — 2! 
 Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride forw. 
 R.— Begin! 
 
 3. Fold arms backw. and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 trunk and bend obi. backw. L. — 2! Bend obi. forw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but bend trunk obi. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and bend L .knee — 2! Return to first movement — ^3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but stride pos. R. and bend R. knee — Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms sidw. L. and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Raise arms 
 overh. and bend L. knee — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same to the R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Place hands behind head and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Trunk 
 sidw. R. — 2! Trunk sidw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but begin to 
 bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. — 1! Arms overh. and raise heels — 2! Return 
 to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Fold arms backw. and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend L. knee — 
 2! Straighten L. knee — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! (In the last movement you 
 return L. leg while lowering arms.) Same, but stride pos. backw. R. 
 and bend R. knee — Begin! 
 
 9. "March" from lesson 3. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Lunge forw. L. and 
 straighten arms forw. — 2! Return to first movement— 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Hands on hips and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Lunge sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms outw. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but touchstep and lunge sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 I 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. C9 
 
 3. Hands on hips — 1! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. 
 ■ — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin I Same, but bend 
 trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips and touchstep backw. L. — II Lunge backw. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — i! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 5. As exercise 4, but straighten arms backw. downw. in the second 
 movement — Begin ! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — 1! Turn trunk L. and straighten arms forw. — 
 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but turn 
 trunk R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Lunge backw. L. 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! Return to first movemen: — 3! Pos. — 1! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on hips and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. and 
 straighten arms upw — .2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 9. (In this exercise the class should first advance a few steps and 
 front pupils of aisles form a straight line.) — Mark time and L. about-face 
 (Vz turn in eight counts — ^larch forw. eight counts — L. about-face in 
 eight counts — March forw. eight counts — ^Nlarch! (32 counts.) 
 
 (In the above exercise we placed eight counts on the one-half turn, 
 that would be exactly four counts on each V^ turn.) 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Raise arms 
 overh. and closestep L. — 2! Arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1 ! Arms overh. 
 and closestep L. — 2! Arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Begin! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and bend trunk backw. — 1! Hands behind 
 head and bend trunk. forw. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — V. 
 Begin! 
 
 4. Arms downw. and bend trunk forw. — 1! Hands behind head and 
 bend trunk backw. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms backw. downw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! 
 Arms forw. overh. and closestep L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. in circle overh. and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! 
 Straighten trunk and lower arms in outw. pos. — 2! Arms in circle overh. 
 and bend trunk sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! ♦ 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Arms overh. 
 and lunge forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — i! Begin! Same, 
 but bendkneestep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Arms backw. — Fold! Bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Lunge sidw, L. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but bendkneestep 
 and lunge — R. — Begin! 
 
60 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURK 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — 1! Thrust arms upw. and raise heels — 2! First 
 movement— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! 
 
 2. Arms to thrust — 1! Thrust arms forw. and bend knees — 2! First 
 movement — 3! Pos'. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1 ! Straighten trunk 
 and thrust arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but bend trunk obi. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg forw. — 1 ! Lower leg, thrust arms 
 upw. and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust and raise R. leg forw. — 1 ! Lower leg, thrust arms 
 outw. and bend knees — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust and stride pos, forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk obi. 
 backw. L. and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but stride pos. forw. R. and bend trunk obi. backw. R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — 1! Touchstep sidw. L., bend trunk sidw. L. 
 and thrust arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but touchstep sidw. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Arms to thrust and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Raise L. leg backw., 
 bend R. knee and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep forw. R., raise R. leg backw. and bend L. 
 knee — Begin! 
 
 9. "March" see lesson 5. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Straighten arms 
 and L. leg forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 Same, but raise R. knee forw. and straighten R. leg — Begin! 
 
 2. Same as exercise 1, but straighten arms outw. and leg sidw. — 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips, stride pos. forw. L. and bend trunk forw. — 1! 
 Bend trunk backw. and place hands behind head — 2! Bend trunk forw. 
 and hands on hips — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! (On count four, while straight- 
 ening trunk, you lower hands and place the L. foot beside the R. foot.) 
 
 4. Stride pos. forw. R., bend trunk backw. and hands on hips — .1! 
 Bend trunk forw. and place hands behind head — 2! Bend trunk backw. 
 and hands on hips — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Straighten 
 arms upw. and L. leg backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but raise R. knee forw. and straighten R. leg — Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — 1! Turn trunk L., touchstep sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but turn trunk R. and touchstep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 arms upw. and closestep L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders and touchstep backw. R. — 1! Straighten 
 arms outw. and closestep R. — 21 First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. knee forw. — 1! Straighten L. 
 leg forw. — 2! Raise L. knee forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but R. 
 knee — Begin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 61 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Raise arms overh. 
 and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1—2 — 3 — 4! 
 Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and bend knees (both) — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1 ; Bend trunk backw. 
 and raise arms circle upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk forw. 
 and fold arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but stride pos. backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. 
 L. and arms circle overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but stride pos. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and bend L. knee — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but stride pos. sidw. R. and bend R. knee — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L., raise 
 heels and arms overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but stride pos. sidw. R. Begin! 
 
 8. "March," see lesson 5. Divide the class first into two divisions, 
 the first division march forw. 4 steps and mark time from 5 — 8, while the 
 second division will turn L. about-face in 4 counts and then march forw. 
 from 5 — 8 — March! After these preparatory movements begin the 
 "March" from lesson 5. 
 
 LESSON \0. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — 1! Straighten arms forw, and touchstep forw. 
 L.— 2! First movement— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4! Same, but 
 touchstep forw. R, — Begin! 
 
 2. As exercise 1, but arms outw. and touchstep sidw, — Begin! 
 
 3. As exercise 1, but arms upw. and touchstep backw, — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — 1! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw, 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — 1! Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Hands behind head and raise heels— 1! Bend knees — 2! Raise 
 heels — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — 1! Turn trunk L. and straighten arms forw. — 2! 
 First movement (turn to front) — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but turn 
 trunk R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on hips-^1! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 2! 
 First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep forw. L. — 1! Closestep L. 
 and bend knees — 2! Straighten knees and touchstep forw. L. — 3! Start- 
 ing pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
62 MANUAL OF I'HVSiCAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON iU 
 
 1. Arms to thrust and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Closestep and thrust 
 arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 2. As exercise 1, but arms outw. and touchstep sidw. — Begin! 
 
 3. As exercise 1, but arms upw. and touchstep backw. — Begin! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 obi. backw. L. and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but trunk obi. forw. R. and obi. backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Closestep and 
 thrust arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — 1! Bend trunk sidw. L. and thrust arms outw. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bend trunk 
 sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. and 
 thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 touchstep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. "March"; see lesson 9. 
 
 LESSON \2. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders— Place! Touchstep forw. L. — ]! Lunge 
 forw. L. and straighten arms forw.— 2! First movement (hands on 
 shoulders and touchstep) — 3! • Starting pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 (Starting pos. indicates that hands should be placed on shoulders in 
 this exercise.) Hands — Down! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep backw. L. — 1! Lunge 
 backw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Starting 
 pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 3. Stride pos. forw. L. and hands behind head — 1! Bend trunk forw. 
 — 2! Straighten trunk — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride pos. forw. 
 R.— Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. backw. L. and hands behind head — 1! Bend trunk 
 backw. — 2! Straighten trunk — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride 
 pos. backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Lunge 
 sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Starting 
 pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 6. Stride pos. sidw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Bend trunk 
 sidw. L. — 2! Straighten trunk — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride 
 pos. sidw. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise heels — 1! Lunge sidw. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Starting position — 
 4! Begin! Same, but lunge sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise heels — 1! Bend knees — 2! Raise 
 heels — 3! Starting pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 63 
 
 LESSON 13. 
 
 1. Raise arms to forw. strike — 1! Strike arms forw. and raise L. 
 leg forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, 
 but raise R .leg forw. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms to forw. strike — 1! Strike arms forw. and bendknee- 
 step forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips and bend trunk forw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms to outw. strike — 1! Strike arms outw. and raise L. 
 leg sidw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.^4! Begin! Same, but raise R. 
 leg sidw. — Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms to outw. strike — 1! Strike arms outw. and bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms in front for outw. strike— 1! (L. hand in front of L. 
 half of chest and R. hand in front of R. half of chest, arms on a level with 
 shoulders.) Turn trunk L. and strike arms outw. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but turn trunk R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms to forw. strike^ — 1! Strike arms forw. and bendknee- 
 step backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. "March"; see lesson 5. (For this drill arrange class in the follow- 
 ing order: — Odd numbered aisles march forw. four counts and mark time 
 from 5 — 8, while even numbered aisles will turn L. about-face in four 
 counts and then march forw. from 5 — 8 — March!) After these prepara- 
 tory movements, begin the "March" from Lesson 5. 
 
 LESSON 14. 
 
 1. Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Hands on shoulders — 1! 
 Straighten arms outw. and bend L. knee — 2! First movement — 3! Start- 
 ing pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but bend R. (rear) knee- 
 Begin! 
 
 2. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Hands on shoulders — 1! Straighten 
 arms upw. and bend R. knee^ — 2! First movement — 3! Starting pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but bend L. knee — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — 1! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms 
 downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — 1! Bend trunk backw. and straighten 
 arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Stride pos. forw. L. — Place! Hands behind head and raise heels 
 —1! Bend knees (both) — 2! Straighten knees and raise heels — 3! Start- 
 ing pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 6. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise 5 in four counts — 
 Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 7. Stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! Hands on shoulders — 1! 
 Bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Starting pos. — 41 Begm! Same, but bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! Pos. 
 —Stand! 1—2! 
 
64 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 8. Stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! Hands on shoulders — 1! 
 Bend L. knee and straighten arms diagonally (L, arm obi. sidw. up and 
 R. arm obi. sidw. down, head moved in direction of upper hand) — 2! 
 First movement — 3! Starting pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but reversed, i. e., 
 bend R. knee and arms diagonally — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 1 — ^2! 
 
 9. "March" from last lessson. 
 
 VIII GRADE, 
 
 I TERM. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Swing outw. — 2! Swing forw. — 3! Pos. 
 —4! Begin! 1—2—8—4! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and touchstep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Swing arms 
 forw. down backw. and touchstep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. — 1! Bend trunk forw. and swing arms downw. 
 backw. — 2! Straighten trunk and arms forw. — 3! Arms down — 4! Be- 
 gin! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. — 1 ! B.end trunk backw. and raise arms upw- 
 (in front of face) — 2! Straighten trunk and arms outw. — 3! Arms down 
 --4! Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Lower arms forw. 
 and bend knees — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. — 1! Swing arms outw. and turn trunk L. — 2! 
 First movement — 3! Arms down — 4! Begin! Same, but turn trunk R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms sidw. L. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Raise arms overh. 
 and raise L. leg forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 1 in VII Grade. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and raise L. leg sidw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 
 3 — 4! Same, but touchstep R. and Raise R. leg — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Arms overh. and 
 raise L. leg backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but touchstep R. and raise R, leg — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands behind head and bend trunk forw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 —2! Bend forw.— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and L. leg forw. — 1! Arms sidw. L. and bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! Same, 
 but raise R. leg and bendkneestep R. and arms sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. overh. and L. leg forw. — 1! Fold arms backw. 
 and bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but raise R. leg and bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
MANUAL OK PHYSK^.AL CULTIJUB 65 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. L. and arms circle overh. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bend trunk sidw. 
 R.— Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. and L. leg sidw. — 1! Arms overh. and bend- 
 kneestep forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 raise R. leg sidw. and bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. and L. leg forw. — 1! Arms overh. and L. leg 
 backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but raise R. 
 leg — Begin! 
 
 9. "March" from lesson 1. 
 
 LESSON 3, 
 
 1. Hands on hips and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Straighten arms outw. 
 and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1—2—3—4! Same R.— Begin! 
 
 2. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Straighten arms forw. 
 and bendkneestep forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk forw. 
 and straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep R.— Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on hips and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. raise 
 heels and straighten arms upw.-^2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Hands on hips and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. L. 
 and raise arms circle overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep sidw. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on hips and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Straighten arms 
 backw. downw. (obi.) and bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 8. "March" from lesson 3, VH Grade. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and bend L. knee — 2! Straighten L. knee and arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but stride pos. forw. R. and bend R. knee — 
 Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Arms overh. and 
 bend L. knee — 2! Arms forw. and straighten L. knee — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but stride pos. R. and bend R. knee — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Raise arms overh. 
 and bend L. knee — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 stride pos. R. and bend R. knee — Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. forw. L. and hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk obi. 
 forw. L. — 1! Straighten and bend obi. backw. L. — 2! First movement — 
 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Feet change place (R. foot forw. and L. foot backw.) — 1 — 2! 
 Bend trunk obi. forw. R. — 1^ Straighten and bend obi. backw. R. — 2! 
 First movement — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
66 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTtJRJB. 
 
 G. Raise arms outw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Raise arms overh. 
 and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 stride pos. forw. R.— Begin! 
 
 7. Place hands behind head and stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! 
 Bend trunk sidw. L.— 1! Sidw. R.— 2! Sidw. L.— 3! Straighten— 4! 
 Begin! Same, but begin to bend sidw. R. first — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 1—2! 
 
 8. Stride pos forw. L. — Place! Raise arms forw. and raise heels — 1! 
 Arms circle overh. and bend knees — 2! First movement — 3! Arms and 
 heels down — 4! Begin! Feet change place (R, foot forw. and L. foot 
 backw.) — 1 — 2! Repeat raising heel and bending knees^Begin! Pos. — 
 Stand! 
 
 9. "March" from lesson 3. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and touchstep forw. 
 L. — 1! Raise arms circle overh. and lunge forw. L. — 2! First movement 
 — 8! Strt. pos. — 4! (Strt. pos. means that L. foot is placed beside R. 
 foot and hands on hips.) Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Arms circle 
 overh. and lunge sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms forw. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 forw. and lower arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Straighten arms downw. backw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Bend 
 trunk backw. and raise arms forw. upw.^2! First movement — 3! Strt. 
 pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Straighten arms downw. backw. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! 
 Arms forw. circle overh. and lunge backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Straighten arms overh. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Lower arms 
 outw. and turn trunk R. — 2! Raise arms overh. and turn trunk front — 3! 
 Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep R. and turn trunk L. — Begin! 
 
 7. Straighten arms overh. and cross-touchstep forw. L.— 1! Fold 
 arms backw. and lunge sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but cross-touchstep forw. R. and lunge sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. "March" from lesson 5, VII Grade. 
 
 LESSON 6* 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Arms forw. 
 overh. and lunge forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but bendkneestep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Arms circle 
 overh. and lunge sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but bendkneestep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips and bend trunk forw. — 1! Hands behind head 
 and bend trunk backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4." Raise arms outw. and bend trunk backw. — 1! Hands behind head 
 and bend trunk forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms backw. downw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! 
 Raise arms forw. overh. and lunge backw. L. — 2! First movement — 8! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bendkneestep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CIJLTURK. 67 
 
 (). Rase arms ontw. and lendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Arms circle 
 overh. and bend trunk sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but bendkneestep and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms sidw. L. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Raise arms 
 overh. closestep and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but arms sidw. R. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels — 1! Lower heels and bend- 
 kneestep backw. L. — 2! Closestep and raise heels — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Closestep L., raise 
 heels and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.--4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but raise R. leg forw. — Begin! 
 
 2. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg sidw. — 1! Closestep L., bend 
 knees and thrust arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but raise R. leg sidw. — Begin! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Closestep L. bend 
 trunk obi. forw. L. and fold arms backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 
 4! Begin! Same, but raise R. leg and bend trunk obi. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Closestep L. bend 
 trunk obi. backw. L. and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but raise R. leg and bend trunk obi. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg forw. crosswise — 1! Lower L. leg, 
 stride forw. L,, thrust <arms upw. and raise heels — 2! First movement — 
 3! Pos.; — 4! Begin! Same, but moving R. leg in front — Begin! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust raise L. leg sidw. — 1! Lower L. leg, stride sidw. 
 L., bend trunk sidw. L. and thrust arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but move R. leg and bend trunk sidw. R. — 
 Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Lower L. leg, stride 
 backw. L., bend knees (both) and thrust arms forw. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but moving R. leg backw. — Begin! 
 
 8. "March" from lesson 5. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Raise arms and L. leg forw. — 1! Hands on shoulders and raise 
 L. knee forw. — 2! Straighten arms and L. leg forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but R. leg — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arm.s outw. and L. leg sidw. — 1! Hands on shoulders and 
 raise L. knee forw. — 2! Straighten arms outw. and L. leg sidw. — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Begin! Same, but R. leg — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 forw. and straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 backw. and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but stride pos. backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. cverh. and L. leg backw. — 1! Hands on shoul- 
 ders and raise L. knee forw. — 2! Straighten arms upw. and L. leg backw. 
 — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but R. leg — Begin! 
 
 G. Hands behind head and stride pos. sidw. L. — H Turn trunk L. 
 — 2! Front — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride pos. sidw. R. arid turn 
 trunk R. — Begin! 
 
68 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURJ^]. 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders and raise L. leg backw. — 1 ! Stride forw. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but raise R. leg backw. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Stride backw. L. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos, — 4! Begin! Same, but raise R. leg — 
 Begin! 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Raise arms overh. 
 and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! 
 Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and bend knees (both) — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but stride pos. backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 backw. and arms circle upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 forw. and fold arms backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 sidw. L. and arms circle overh. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but bendkneestep and trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms sidw. L. and stride sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L., raise 
 heels and arms overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but begin with arms sidw. R. and stride sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L, — 1! Swing 
 arms forw. and change bent leg (straighten R. and bend L.) — 2! First 
 movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but begin with bendkneestep 
 sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. "March"; see lesson 9, VII Grade. 
 
 LESSON ta 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and touchstep forw. 
 L." — 1! Swing arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 
 3! Strt. pos.— 4! Begin! 1—2—3 — 4! Same, but touchstep R.— Begin! 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Raise arms 
 upw. and touchstep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep R, — Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms forw. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Arms down 
 and bend trunk forw. — 2! First movement— 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep R, — Begin! 
 
 4. Straighten arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 backw. and raise arms upw. — ^2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Straighten arms upw. and touchstep forw. crosswise L. — 1! Lower 
 arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. 
 • — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep R. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands behind head and raise heels — 1! Bend knees — 2! Raise 
 heels — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — 1! Turn trunk L. and sU-aighten arms obi. forw. 
 upw. — 2! First movement (turn to front) — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but turn trunk R,- — Begin! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 69 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms iipw. and raise heels — 1! 
 Lower heels, touchstep sidw, L. and arms lowered outw. — 2! Closestep 
 L. raise heels and arms upw.— 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touch- 
 step R. — Begin! 
 
 9. Bend knees — 1! Straighten knees and touchstep forw. L. — 2! 
 Closestep L. and bend knees — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but touch- 
 step R. — Begin! 
 
 LESSON n. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. and 
 thrust arms outw. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 
 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. — Begin! 
 
 2. As exercise 1, but bendkneestep forw. and thrust arms forw. — 
 Begin! 
 
 3. As exercise 1. but bendkneestep backw. and thrust arms upw. — 
 Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. forw. L. — Place! Arms to thrust and bend trunk obi. 
 forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and thrust arms upw. — 2! First 
 movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Arm.s to thrust and bend trunk obi. 
 forw. R. — 1! Bend trunk obi. backw. R. and thrust arms upw. — 2! First 
 movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Closestep L. 
 and thrust arms backw. dowmw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos, — 4! 
 Begin! Same, tut bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. bend 
 trunk sidw. L. and thrust arm.s outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but bendkneestep R. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Arms to thrust and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. and 
 thrust arms upw. — 21 First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 9. "'March": see lesson 9. 
 
 LESSON \2. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders and touchstep forw. L. — 1 ! Lunge forw. L. 
 and straighten arm.s forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — t! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Lunge backw. 
 L. and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep and lunge R. — ^Begin! 
 
 3. Stride pos. forw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Bend trunk 
 forw. — 2! Straighten trunk — 3! Pos. — 41 Begin! Same .but stride pos. 
 forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 4. Stride pos. backw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Bend 
 trunk backw. — 2! Straighten trunk — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but 
 stride pos. backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders and touchstep sidw. L. — 1 ! Lunge sidw. L. 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep and lunge sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 (In place of straightening arms outw.. vary same by: — Straighten 
 arms outw\ obi. upw.) 
 
 6. Stride pos. sidw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Bend trunk 
 sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but stride pos. sidw .R. and bend trunk sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders and raise heels — 1! Lunge sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but lunge sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels — 1! Bend knees — 2! Raise 
 heels— 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
70 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 
 
 LESSON J 3, 
 
 1. Raise arms to outw. strike and raise L. leg crosswise forw. — 1! 
 Strike arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — '3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but R. leg crosswise forw. and 
 bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 2. Raise arms to forw. strike and L. leg forw. — 1! Strike forw. and 
 bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but raise R. leg forw. and bendkneestep backw. R. — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips and bend trunk forw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on hips and bend trunk backw. — 1! Bend trunk forw. and 
 straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Raise arms to outw. strike and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Strike 
 arms outw. and change bent knee — 2! (Straighten R. knee and at the 
 same moment bend L. knee.) First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but begin with bendkneestep sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Raise arms in front for outw. strike — 1! (L. hand in front of L. 
 half of chest and R. hand in front of R. half of chest, arms on a level with 
 shoulders.) Turn trunk L. and strike arm.s outw. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! Same, but turn trunk R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Raise arms, to forw. strike and L. leg backw. — 1! Strike arms 
 forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but raise R. leg backw. and bendkneestep forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. "March" from lesson 13, VH Grade. 
 
 LESSON J 4. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders and 'stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Bend L. knee 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4! Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 Same as above but bend rear knee — Begin! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! One-fourth turn 
 R. (R. face) on heels and bend R. knee and straighten arms forw. — 2! 
 First movement (^/^ turn to front) — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride 
 pos. forw. R. and in the second movement one-fourth turn L. on heels 
 and bend L. knee — Begin! 
 
 3. As exercise 2. but straighten arms upw. — Begin! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders and bend trunk forw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but bend trunk backw. first with hands on shoulders and in bending 
 forw. straighten arms downw. — Begin! 
 
 5. Stride pos. forw. L., hands behind head and raise heels — 1! Bend 
 knees (both) — 2! Straighten knees and raise heels — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but stride pos. forw. R. — Begin! 
 
 6. Stride pos. sidw. L.. hands on shoulders — 1! Bend trunk sidw. 
 L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but stride pos. sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 7. Stride pos. sidw. L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Bend L. 
 knee and straighten arms diagonally (L. arm obi. sidw. up and R. arm obi. 
 sidw. down, head moves in direction of upper hand) — 2! Change bent 
 knee and change arms to the opposite diagonal position — 3! Closestep L. 
 and arms down — 4! Begin! Same, but reversed, i. e., begin with stride 
 pos. sidw. R. — Begin! 
 
 8. "'March" from last lesson. 
 
SKCOND te:rm. 
 
 ALL GRADES. 
 
 This is the term of best and most active work, in which pupils are 
 willing to put in their whole energ}' and force to bring their blood in good 
 healthy circulation. Pupils are willing to move quickly and rapidly, and 
 the teacher can also by this time change from one exercise to another 
 without stopping the class; surely not in every exercise is this possible 
 nor advisable, but in quite a number of exercises the teacher will notice 
 that pupils will enjoy to change without stopping, and this enjoyment 
 in the work is our best proof that there is no mental strain felt, to which 
 we should always pay proper attention, for the lesson should always tend 
 to a mental relief. The command — "Begin" which is given in the first two 
 exercises of each lesson, should without fail be used throughout the 
 lessons. 
 
 I GRADE. 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON \. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw.— 1! Down— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh, — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Clap hands overh. — 1! Down — 2! 
 (In clapping hands bend elbows.) 
 
 4. Raise heels and place fingers on head (top of head) — 1! Down 
 —2! 
 
 5. Bend knees and clap hands in front — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 7. Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. and clap hands quickly — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Raise arms forw. and clap hands twice quickly. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 10. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 11. Raise R. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 12. "jMarch"; see lesson 12. I term. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — 1! Down— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Hands on hips with clapping — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arm.s forw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 4. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On hips — 2! (In straightening arms 
 forw. and outw. arms must be perfectly straight and level with shoulders, 
 knuckles upw. fingers closed. In the forw. movements, hands should be 
 shoulder-width apart; in the outw. movement, chest should be well ex- 
 panded.) Hands — Down! 
 
72 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 5. Raise shoulders and place hands under same — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 6. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with finger-tips — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 7. Raise heels and clap hands in front — 1! Down — ^2! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Bend knees — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 9. Turn head L.— 1! Front— 2! 
 
 10. Same R. 
 
 11. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! (In straightening arms 
 upw. (overhead) knuckles are turned outw. and hands shoulder-width 
 apart.) Hands — Down! 
 
 12. "March"; see lesson 2, I term. Change same with walking on 
 toes. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Hands on hips— 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. and clap hands — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 4. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 
 5. Bend head forw. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 
 6. Clap hands overh. quickly — 1! Grasp hands backw. — 2! 
 
 7. Bend trunk backw. and clap hands in front — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 8. Close feet— 1! Open— 2! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! To hop — (See lesson 9, I term.) — Hands 
 — Down! 
 
 10. Hands on hips with clapping — 1! Straighten arms downw. — 2! 
 (In straightening arms downw. kauckles are turned forw. and hands are 
 at side of body.) 
 
 11. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 12. Same, but R. leg. Hands — Down! 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Circle arms backw. — Begin! (Arms 
 describing the form of a funnel. Place two counts on each circle; later 
 one count, moving faster.) Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head sidw. L. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 
 4. Bend head sidw. R.— 1! Raise— 2! 
 
 5. Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 6. Bend trunk sidw. R.— 1! Straighten— 2! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 8. Clap hands overh. twice quickly — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Heels — Raise! Rock on toes and clap hands (beating time) — 
 (See Lesson 13, in I term.) Heels — Down! 
 
 10. Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 11. Raise arms outw. overh. with clapping hands — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 12. "March" lesson 3, I term. 
 
 (Teacher and pupils clap hands the first four steps, then class march 
 forw. four counts without clapping.) 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 73 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc, 
 
 2. Fold arms backw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on head (tip of fingers touching top of head) — 1! Down 
 —2! 
 
 4. Bend trunk forw. and touch toes with finger-tips — 1! Straighten 
 —2! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! To hop with Y^ turn (L. face) on each 
 first count of four counts! (Divide the class into two divisions as in 
 lesson 9, I term. While one division only claps hands the other division 
 hops with l^ turn on count 1, the teacher counting from 1 — 4, placing 
 stress on count 1. In coming back to the front the class would have 
 finished four V^ turns, which demands 16 hops; then change and let the 
 other division go through the same movements.) 
 
 7. Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Same, but turn R. Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Raise shoulders and place hands under same — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Swing arms up — 1! Down — 2! 
 (Flying movements.) — Arms Down! 
 
 10. Clap hands and place on shoulders quickly — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 11. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. leg sidw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, 
 but R. leg sidw. — Arms — Down! 
 
 12. "March"; see lesson 4, I term, but clap hands on count 1, teacher 
 counting from 1 — 2, placing stress on count 1. 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Clap hands twice and place on shoulders quickly — 1! Down — 2! 
 Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 (In straightening arms from shoulders the hands at that moment 
 will take the same position as in straightening from hips.) 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise L. heel — 1! Lower L. heel and 
 raise R. heel— r2! 
 
 (Raising one heel the knee of that leg is slightly bent.) 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms outw, — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! 
 
 5. Straighten arms downw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Move backw, — 2! Begin! 
 
 7. Arms in front to R. angle — Raise! Circle arms forw, — ("Mill; 
 see lesson 12, I term.) Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Raise shoulders and place hands under same — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw, and clap 
 hands overh. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Bend head backw, — 1! 
 Raise — 2! Same, but bend forw. 
 
 11. Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Same, but R. 
 
 12. Hands backw. — Grasp! "March" from last lesson. 
 
74 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 7* 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Close hands (make a fist) — 1! Open 
 hands — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Arms outw. — Raise! Turn hands backw. (palms up) — 1! Turn 
 forw. — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and clap hands in front 
 of chest — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bend backw. Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms outw. — Raise! Circle arms backw. — Begin! (See exercise 
 2 in lesson 4.) Same, but circle arms forw. Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Hopping with ^4 turn L. (or R.), (L. or 
 R. face) on each first count of four counts — (See lesson 5, exercise 6.) 
 
 8. Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Same, but turn R. — Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Clap hands twice and place on shoulders 
 quickly — 1! On hips — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Move backw. — 2! 
 
 11. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Same, but R. lower leg. Arms — Down! 
 
 12. "March" as in lesson 5, but clap hands on the first count of each 
 four counts. Teacher counting from 1 — 4 and placing stress on count 1. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1-^2 etc. (For 
 a change add to the first movement — "with snapping fingers.") 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. overh. and clap hands — 1! Arms outw. down 
 —2! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! Even numbered aisles about-face! Skip 
 L. R. through the aisles to your L. 
 
 (The exercise is also known among children under the name "Hip- 
 pity-hop." After skipping once through aisles, command — Halt!; then 
 resume the exercise once more. Before attempting the exercise, when 
 all pupils face front, have one of your girl pupils show the exercise to 
 the class.) Front — Face! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Same, but bend R. 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Swing arms up and down — (flying 
 movement.) Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Heels — Raise! Rock on toes and clap hands (beating time) — 
 (See lesson 13 in I term.) — Heels — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Bend head forw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, 
 but backw. 
 
 8. Place hands on shoulders — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 9. Clap hands overh. twice quickly — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 10. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise arms outw. overh. and clap hands 
 — 1! Grasp hands backw. — 2! 
 
 11. Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, but R. lower 
 leg. 
 
 12. "March"; see lesson 9, I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 75 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! 
 On hips— 2! Begin! 1—2— 1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, but R. leg. 
 
 4. Hands backw. — Grasp! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Same, 
 but turn R. 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Hop on L. and R. foot four counts — 
 (While hopping on L. foot from 1 — 2, the R. foot is raised backw.; then 
 lower R. foot and hop on same from 3 — 4, while L. foot is raised backw. 
 Continue the exercise in succession four times, 16 counts. Otherwise, fol- 
 low suggestion from lesson 9, I term, in regard to dividing class.) 
 
 6. Close feet — 1! Turn toes out — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Same, but downw. 
 
 8. Raise heels and place fingers on head — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Move backw. — 2! 
 
 11. Hands on hips — Place! Even numbered aisles about-face! Skip 
 
 L. R. throught the aisles to your L. and clap hands on the first of each 
 four counts — (See lesson 8, exercise 3.) Front — Face! 
 
 12. Hands backw. — Grasp! Raise L. leg sidw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, 
 but R. leg. 
 
 LESSON 10* 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Straighten arms upw. 
 — 1! On shoulders— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Same, but downw. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Close feet — 1! Turn toes out — 2! 
 
 4. Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 6. Hands backw. — Grasp! Hop on L. and R. foot in four counts — 
 (See lesson 9, exercise 5. In this exercise the class should always be di- 
 vided into two divisions, the one hopping and the other only beating time 
 with clapping hands.) 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips 
 —2! 
 
 8. Same, but straighten downw. Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, 
 but bend forw. 
 
 10. Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, but R. lower 
 leg. Hands — Down! 
 
 11. Hands on hips — Place! (See exercise 11 in lesson 9. When 
 through with the exercise leave the even numbered aisles in their posi- 
 tion facing the opposite direction.) 
 
 12. See exercise 1 in lesson 12 from I term. Front — Face! 
 
76 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 II grade:. 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON L 
 
 1. Raise arms forw.— 1! Down— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh, — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 4. Same, but bend backw. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. and bend knees — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, 
 but bend forw. 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Raise arms outw. overh. and clap hands — 1! Arms outw. down 
 —2! 
 
 10. Raise arms forw. and L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! Same, 
 but R. leg forw. 
 
 11. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. heel — 1! Lower L. heel and im- 
 mediately raise R. heel — 2! (Raising L. heel the knee of that leg will be 
 bent, toes touching floor and pointing outw. at a R. angle toward the low- 
 ered foot.) 
 
 12. March forw. three steps, with closing step on four! Same backw. 
 ■ — March! (It is to be understood that the first step forw. as well as the 
 first step backw. is alwaj^s taken with the L. foot.) 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Begin! 1—2—1—2! 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 4. Same, but turn R. Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend head sidw. L. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, 
 but sidw. R. Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms overh. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 7. Straighten arms downw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 8. Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, but R. lower 
 leg. Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels and clap hands overh. twice 
 (quickly)— 1! Return— 2! 
 
 10. Bend knees and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 11. Hands backw. — Grasp! Close feet — 1! Turn toes out — 2! 
 (Execute the movements while raising forepart of feet.) 
 
 12. "March"; see lesson 1, and clap hands on the first of each four 
 counts while marching. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 77 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Swing arms forw. and clap hands — 1! 
 Swing outw. — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 2. Arms outw. — Raise! Raise arms overh. and raise heels — 1! Re- 
 turn — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms forw. fold! Straighten arms outw. and bend knees — 1! Re- 
 turn— 2! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor, with 
 fingers — 1 ! Return — 2 ! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 6. Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 7. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 8. Straighten arms outw. and turn head L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, 
 but turn head R. Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. clap hands and 
 bend knees — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 10. Raise heels and place hands on shoulders — 1! Return — 2! Hands 
 • — Down! 
 
 11. Hands on hips and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but 
 R. knee. 
 
 12. Mark time and clap hands on the first of each four counts — 
 March! 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Be- 
 gin! 1—2-1—2! 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 4. Same, but R. leg forw. 
 
 5. Bend trunk sidw. L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 6. Same, but bend trunk R. 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders with clapping twice quickly — Place! Bend 
 head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, but bend forw. 
 
 8. Arms to thrust — Place! Thrust arms outw. — 1! Bend — 2! 
 
 9. Thrust arms backw. downw. (obi.) — 1! Bend — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 10. Arms to thrust and raise heels — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 11. Hands on shoulders with clapping hands and bend knees — 1! 
 Pos.— 2! 
 
 1-2. Mark time and clap hands on every L. step — March! 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping hands twice quickly — Place! 
 Straighten arms forw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc, 
 
 2. Same, but outw. — Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! 
 
 4. Same, but downw. 
 
 5. Arms backw.^ — Fold! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, 
 but forw. Arms — Down! 
 
78 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 6. Raise arms oiitw. and raise heels — Raise! Arms and heels low- 
 ered — 1! Arms and heels up — 2! (Flying movement, heels should not 
 touch floor in lowering same.) Now move in one count rapidly, then 
 again in two counts. Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Turn trunk L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pes. — 2! Same, but 
 turn R. 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. leg sidw. and straighten 
 arms cutw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but raise R. leg. Plands — Down! 
 
 9. Raise arms in front, bent at a R. angle — Raise! Circle arms forw. 
 (The mill, see lesson 7 in I term.) 
 
 10. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. foot in front of R. knee — 1! 
 Down — 2! Same, but raise R. foot. 
 
 11. Mark time — March! (Pupils should without fail move in step 
 and time.) 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! 
 On hips— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Class toward middle of room — Face! (The rows on the R. side 
 of room %, turn L. and the other half on the L. side of room ^A turn R.) 
 Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 4. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 5. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with fingers — 1! Return — 2! 
 (Seats of desks should be raised in this exercise.) 
 
 6,. Bend trunk backw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Return 
 —2! Hands— Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. 
 — 1! Return— 2! 
 
 8. Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Front — Face! (All turn to the front.) Bend trunk sidw. L. 
 and place hands on hips — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bend to the R. 
 
 10. Hands on hips — Place! Turn head to the L. and straighten arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but turn head R. Hands — Down! 
 
 11. Hands on hips and close feet — 1! Straighten arms downw. backw. 
 and open feet — 2! 
 
 12. Mark time four counts and one step forw., halting on the 6th 
 count. Repeat with one step backw. 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Move arms to outw. strike — 1! Move to forw. strike — 2! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to outw. strike- — Raise! Strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 4. Strike L. arm outw. — 1! Return L. arm and strike R. arm outw. 
 — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Bend trunk forw. and place hands on hips with clapping — 1! 
 Pos.— 2! 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw., place hands on shoulders with clapping — 1! 
 Pos.— 2! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 79 
 
 7. Raise L, knee forw. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, 
 but raise R. knee. 
 
 8. Raise arms to outw. strike — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Raise L. arm to outw. strike — 1! L. arms down and raise R. arm 
 to outw. strike — 2! 
 
 10. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 (Turn to the front in the second movement.) Same, but turn trunk R. 
 
 11. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise^2! Same, 
 but bend forw. 
 
 12. Mark time four counts and march forw. three steps, halting on 
 the eighth count. About — Face! Repeat. 
 
 LESSON 8* 
 
 1. Mark time eight counts and clap hands on counts 1 — 3 — 5 — 6 — 7 
 —March! 
 
 2. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! 
 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 3. Thrust arms downw. backw. obi. — 1! Bend — 2! Begin! Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 4. Bend trunk sidw. L. and fold arms backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, 
 but bend trunk R. 
 
 ■ 5. Arms forw. — Raise! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with fingers 
 — 1! Return (straighten trunk and arms forw.) — 2! 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw. — 1! Return — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! 
 
 8. Thrust arms outw. — 1! Bend — 2! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise L. leg forw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same, but raise R. leg. 
 
 10. Bend knees and raise arms forw. overh. in circle — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same, but raise heels. 
 
 11. Arms outw. — Raise! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, 
 but bend head forw. Arms — Down! 
 
 12. Mark time, and on the first of four counts, L. face — March! 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Turn head L. and raise arms outw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but 
 turn head R. 
 
 4. Class toward middle of room L. and R. — Face! (See lesson 6.) 
 Bend trunk forw. and place hands on hips with clapping — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. and place hands on hips with clapping — 1! 
 Pos.— 2! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, 
 but raise R. knee. 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise _ L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Same, but raise R. leg forw. 
 
 8. One division of the class bend trunk forw. and the other division 
 bend trunk backw. (as in exercise 4 and 5) — 1! Pos. — 2! Reverse the 
 exercise. 
 
 9. Repeat exercise 7, but clap hands overh. 
 
 10. Front — Face! (All turn to the front.) Raise arms outw. and 
 bend knees — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 11. Raise arms outw. overh. clap hands overh. and raise heels — 1! 
 Pos.— 2! 
 
 12. Even rows about — Face! Mark time — March! Follow rows to 
 your L. forw. — March! After reaching starting place: — Mark time — 
 March! 
 
80 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON ta 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping^Place! Straighten arms forw. 
 — 1! On shoulders— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Begin! Hands — 
 Down. 
 
 3. Raise shoulders and place hands under them — 1! Pos. — 2. 
 
 4. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Move backw. — 2! 
 
 5. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee and place hands on shoulders — 
 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but R. foot in front of L. knee! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! 
 
 7. Straighten arms downw. backw. (obi.) — 1! On shoulders — 2! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Class toward middle of room L. and R. — Face! Place hands on 
 shoulders and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but bend 
 trunk R. 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend knees and clap hands in front 
 — 1! Return— 2! 
 
 10. Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 11. Hands on shoulders — Place! One division of the class execute 
 exercise 9, while the other division execute exercise 10, in two counts — 
 Reverse the exercise. — Front- — Face! (All turn to the front.) 
 
 12. "March"; see lesson 12 in I term. 
 
 Ill GRADK. 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1!- Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise L. arm forw. overh. — 1! Lower L. arm and immediately 
 raise R. arm forw. overh. — 2! 
 
 4. Raise arms and L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, but R. knee. 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! Leg 
 down — 2! Same, but R. lower leg. Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulder — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Same, but bend sidw. R. Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Turn head L. — 1! Front — 2! Same, 
 but turn R. Arms — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 Same, but bend forw. Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 10. Raise arms outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 11. Raise L. arm outw. overh. — 1! L. arm down and immediately 
 raise R. arm outw. overh. — 2! 
 
 (Be careful that pupils hold their body steady.) 
 
 12. "March"; see lesson 2 in I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURB], gl 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Move elbows outw.— 3! Move forw.— 4! Begin! 1—2—3 — 4—1—2—3 
 — 4 etc. Arms — Down! 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. foot in front of R. knee 
 — 1! Down — 2! R. foot in front of L. knee — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head sidw. L. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 sidw. R.— 3! Raise— 4! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R.— 3! Front— 4! Hands— Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with 
 fingers — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk backw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 7. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike L. arm outw. — 1! Return 
 L. arm and immediately strike R. arm outw. — 2! 
 
 8. Strike L. arm outw. — 1! Return — 2! Strike R. arm outw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend knees 
 — 3! Straighten — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 3, in I term. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 arms outw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Thrust L. arm outw. — 1! Bend L. arm and thrust R. arm outw. 
 —2! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 forw. — 3! Raise — 4! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! 
 
 5. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Return — 2! 
 Same, but turn R. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 6. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 R, leg forw. — 3! Down — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 downw. backw. (obi.) — 3! Bend — 4! 
 
 8. Even numbered aisles thrust arms upw. and odd numbered aisles 
 thrust arms downw. backw. — 1! Bend — 2! Even numbered aisles thrust 
 arms downw. backw. and odd numbered aisles thrust arms upw. — 3! 
 Bend — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise heels and place hands on hips — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend knees 
 and place hands on hips — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 4, in I term. 
 
82 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten downw. backw. — 3! On hips — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 1 — 2 — 
 3—4, etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. — •!! On hips — 2! Straighten outw. — 3! On 
 hips — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R.— 3! Front— 4! Hands— Down! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. leg forw. and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Same but raise R. leg forw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 5. Turn head L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Same 
 but turn head R. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! 
 Leg down — 2! Raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Leg down — 4! Hands 
 — Down! 
 
 7. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Move backw. — 2! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Even aisles straighten arms upw. and 
 clap hands, odd aisles straighten arms downw. backw. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Even aisles straighten arms downw. backw., odd aisles straighten arms 
 upw. and clap hands — 3! On hips — 4! 
 
 9. Raise L. lower leg backw. and place hands on shoulders — 1! 
 Pos. — 2! Raise R. lower leg backw. and place hands on shoulders — 3! 
 Pos.— 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 5, in I term. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4, etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. — 1 Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Raise heels and raise arms forw. overh. in circle — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend knees and raise arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Bend trunk backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Touchstep sidw. L. and place hands on hips — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Touchstep sidw. R. and hands on hips. — 3! Pos. 4! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. — Raise! Swing arms outw. and clap hands 
 backw.- — 1! Swing forw. — 2! Raise arms overh. and clap hands — 3! 
 Lower forw. — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Touchstep forw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Touch- 
 step, forw. R. and raise arms forw. — 3! Pos. 4! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! 
 Bend head forw.— 3! Raise — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend knees and 
 fold arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 6 in I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 83 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Straighten downw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 
 3—4—1—2—3—4, etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Straighten outw. 
 — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Arms backw. — Fold! Bend head sidw. L. — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 sidw. R. — 3! Raise — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend knee's — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Raise heels — 3! Down — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with fingers — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Raise L. foot in front of R. knee and place hands on shoulders 
 — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise R. foot in front of L. knee and place hands on 
 shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten L. arm outw. — 1! L. 
 hand on shoulder and straighten R. arm outw. — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Return — 2! 
 Turn trunk R. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 9. Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend knees and 
 fold arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. Even numbered aisles raise heels and clap hands overh., while 
 odd numbered aisles bend knees and fold arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Even 
 numbered aisles bend knees and fold arms, forw., while odd numbered 
 aisles raise heels and clap hands overh. — 3! Pos.--4! 
 
 11. "March"; see lesson 7, in I term. 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Straighten arms. forw. 
 — 1! On hips— 2! Straighten outw.— 3! On hips— 4! Begin! 1—2—3 
 —4—1—2—3—4, etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! Straighten downw. 
 backw. — 3! On hips — 4! 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep 
 — 2! Touchstep sidw. R.— 3! Closestep — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep forw. L. — 1! Closestep — 2! 
 Touchstep forw. R. — 3! Closestep — 4! 
 
 5. Straighten arms upw. with clapping hands — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten forw. — 3! On hips — 4! 
 
 6. Straighten arms outw. and snap fingers — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Straighten arms upw. and clap hands — 3! On hips — 4! Hands — Down. 
 
 7. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Bend sidw. R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands— Down! 
 
 8. Hands backw. — Grasp! Bend head backw. ^ — 1! Raise — 2! Bend 
 head forw. — 3! Raise — 4! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms outw. and touchstep sidw. 
 R.— 3! Return— 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. "JMarch"; see lesson 8, in I term. 
 
84 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURP]. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw.— 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Forw. 
 Down— 4! Beg-in! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4, etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Turn head L. and raise arms outw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn head R. 
 and raise arms outw. — 3! Pos. — 4. 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1.' 
 Down — 2! Raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Bend trunk forw., clap hands quickly and touch floor with fingers 
 — 1! Straighten trunk — 2! Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 3! 
 Pos.— 4! 
 
 6. Raise L. knee forw. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 R. knee forw. and arms forw. — 3! Pos.— 4! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. overh. and clap hands — 1! Outw. down — 2! 
 Raise arms forw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 8. As exercise 7, but even numbered aisles begin with arms overh. 
 and odd numbered aisles begin with arms forw. — in four counts. 
 
 9. Raise L. lower leg backw. and arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise R. 
 lower leg backw. and raise arms forw.— 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 10, in I term. 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 upw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Thrust arms outw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust downw. backw. — 3! 
 Bend — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Touchstep forw. L. and thrust arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Touch- 
 step forw. R. and thrust .arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust and turn trunk L. — 1! Pos.— 2! Arms to thrust 
 and turn trunk R. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Raise heels and clap hanas overh. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 7. Thrust arms upw. and bend head backw. — 1! ReLurn — 2! Thrust 
 arms downw. backw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 8. Toward middle of room — Face! (Half of the class on R. side of 
 room ^^ turn L., and the other half of class on L. side of room Vi turn 
 I^.) Repeat exercise 7, one division of class begin upw. and the other 
 division begin downw., in four counts. Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Front — Face! Bend arms to thrust and raise heels — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend arms to thrust and bend knees — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 12, in I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 85 
 
 LESSON JO* 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Move elbows outw. — 3! Move forw. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Arms 
 — Down! 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms forw. and touchstep forw. R. — 3! 
 Return — 4 ! Arms — D own ! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Bend 
 knees — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Turn head L. and strike arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn head R. and strike arms outw. — 3! Return 
 — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Bend trunk forw., clap hands quickly and touch toes — 1! Pos. — 
 2! Bend trunk backw. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Exercise No. 6, but even aisles begin bending forw. and odd aisles 
 begin bending backw., in four counts. 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. — Raise! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Bend sidw. R. — 3! Straighten^4! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise arms to outw., strike and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise arms to outw., strike and touchstep sidw. R — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 14, in I term. 
 
 IV GRADK 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON i. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Outw. down 
 — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Arms circle overh. — Raise! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 —2! Bend R.— 3! Straighten— 4! Arms— Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 
 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Bend head backw. and raise arras forw. upw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend 
 head forw. and raise arms outw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Bendkneestep sidw. L. and raise arms outw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend- 
 kneestep sidw. R. and raise arms outw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Outw. down 
 —4! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 9. Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend knees and 
 raise arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 6, in 1 term, IV Grade. 
 
86 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Raise heels— 3! Down— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4 etc. Arms^ 
 — Down! 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend knees — 3! Straighten — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with fingers — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn 
 trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn trunk 
 R. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Raise heels — l! Down — 2! Bend 
 knees — 3! Straighten— 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Raise arms to outw. strike — 1! Arms down and grasp hands 
 backw. — 2! Bend trunk forw. — 3! Straighten trunk — 4! 
 
 7. Raise arms to outw. strike — 1! Arms down and grasp hands 
 backw. — 2! Bend trunk backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! 
 
 8. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and strike 
 arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. R. and strike arms 
 outw. — 3! Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and touchstep sidw. R, — 3! 
 Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 8, I term, IV Grade. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. twice, four counts, — 
 Thrust arms upw. once, two counts, — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4—5 — 6 etc. 
 
 2. Thrust arms outw. twice, four counts, — Thrust arms downw. 
 backw. once, two counts — Begin! 
 
 3. Bend head backw. and thrust arms upw., twice, — Bend head forw. 
 and thrust arms downw. backw., once — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6. Arms 
 — Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 —2! Bend sidw. R.— 3! Straighten— 4 ! Bend forw.— 5! Straighten— 6! 
 Hands — Down ! 
 
 5. Stride pos. L. foot forw. and arms to thrust — Place! Bend L. 
 knee and thrust arms forw., twice — Raise heels, once — in six counts. 
 
 6. Feet change place, R. foot forw. — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise 5, bend- 
 ing R. knee. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. twice — Raise L. leg 
 forw. and thrust arms forw., once — in six counts. 
 
 8. Thrust arms outw. twice — Raise R. leg forw. and thrust arms 
 forw. once — in six counts. 
 
 9. Even numbered aisles execute exercise 7, while odd numbered 
 aisles execute exercise 8 — in six counts — Reverse also. Arms — Down! 
 
 10. "March." Repeat from last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 87 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Raise arms forvv. — 1! Down — 2! Outw. overh. — 3! Outw. down 
 -4! Begin! 1_2— 3— 4— 1— 2— 3— 4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. — Raise! Swing arms outw. and clap hands 
 backw. — 1! Swing forw. — 2! Raise arms upw. — 3! Lower in forw. pos. 
 — 4 ! Begin ! Arms — Down ! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and turn head L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise arms 
 outw. and turn head R. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise. L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise R. knee forw. — 3! Down — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Bend knees and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend trunk forw. 
 and touch floor with fingers — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Raise heels and arms forw. overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend trunk 
 backw. and fold arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Even numbered aisles execute No. 5, and odd numbered aisles 
 execute No. 6, in four counts. Reverse. 
 
 8. Grasp hands backw. — Grasp! Turn trunk L. and raise arms forw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! (Hands backw. grasped.) Bend knees — 3! Straighten 
 —4! 
 
 9. Turn trunk R. and raise arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels 
 — 3! Down — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 10, in I term, IV Grade. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Straighten arms upw. twice 
 — Straighten arms downw. backw. twice — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 — 7 
 —8 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. twice — Straighten arms outw. twice — 
 Begin! 
 
 3. Straighten arms upw. and raise heels, twice — Bend trunk backw. 
 twice. 
 
 4. Straighten arms forw. and bend knees, twice — Bend trunk forw. 
 and touch floor with fingers, twice. 
 
 5. Even numbered aisles execute No. 3, and odd numbered aisles 
 execute No. 4, in eight counts — Reverse. 
 
 6. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. twice — Bend 
 sidw. R. twice — Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on hips^ — Place! Bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Straighten arms upw. twice 
 from 5 — 8. 
 
 8. As exercise 7, even numbered aisles begin with bendkneestep L. 
 and odd numbered aisles begin with straightening arms upw. in eight 
 counts. 
 
 9. Bendkneestep forw. L. and straighten arms forw. twice — Bend- 
 kneestep forw. R. and straighten arms outw. twice — in eight counts. 
 
 10. "March"; repeat from last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 
 
 LESSON 6* 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise forw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Raise outw.— 5! Down— 6! Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. with clapping hands, twice — Raise arms 
 outw. overh. once — in six counts — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg backw. — 1! 
 Down — 2! Raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Bend trunk 
 backw. — 5! Straighten — 6! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. lower leg back^v. — 1! Down 
 — 2! Raise R. lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Bend trunk forw. — 5! 
 Straighten — 6! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. overh. and bend head backw. twice — Bend trunk 
 forw. and touch floor with fingers, once — in six counts. 
 
 6. As exercise 5, even numbered aisles begin with arms forw. overh., 
 while odd numbered aisles begin bending trunk forw. in six counts. Re- 
 verse. 
 
 7. Raise arms and L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms and 
 R. knee forw. — 3! Down — 4! Raise arms forw. overh. — 5! Down — 6! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms outw. and 
 L. lower leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Raise arms outw, and R. lower leg 
 backw. — 5! Down — 6! 
 
 9. As exercise 8, even numbered aisles begin with arms overh. and 
 odd numbered aisles with lower leg backw. and arms outw. in six counts. 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 12, in I term, IV Grade. 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Straighten arms upw. 
 — 1! On shoulders — 2! Straighten downw. backw. — 3! On shoulders — 
 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. and clap hands — 1! On shoulders — 2! 
 Straighten arms outw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten 
 —2! Turn trunk L.— 3! Front— 4! 
 
 4. Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Turn trunk R. — 3! Front 
 — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Turn head L. and straighten arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn head R. and straighten arms outw. — 3! Re- 
 curn — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Hands 
 on shoulders and bend trunk sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Bendkneestep sidw. 
 L. and fold arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and straighten arms 
 upw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep sidw. R. and fold 
 arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. As exercise 8, even numbered aisles begin with bendkneestep 
 sidw. and fold arms forw., while odd numbered aisles begin with raising 
 heels and straightening arms upw. — Hands — Down! 
 
 10. ''March"; repeat from last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 89 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping twice — Place! Straighten arms 
 forw. twice — Bend knees, once — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. twice — Raise heels once — Begin! 
 
 3. Bend trunk sidw. L.— 1! Straighten— 2 ! Bend sidw. R.— 3! 
 Straighten — 4! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. — 5! Re- 
 turn — 6 ! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Turn trunk L. — 1! Front — 2! Turn 
 R. — 3! Front — 4! Bend forw. — 5! Straighten — 6! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Touchstep forw. R. and straighten arms forw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Straighten arms upw. and raise heels — 5! Return — 6! 
 
 6. As exercise 5, but even numbered aisles begin with L. foot and 
 odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels and straightening arms 
 upw. — in six counts. 
 
 7. Hands behind head — Place! Bend knees twice — Raise heels once, 
 in six counts. Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep sidw. L. and straighten arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Touchstep sidw. R. and straighten arms outw. — 
 3! Return — 4! Bend knees and straighten arms downw. backw. — 5! Re- 
 turn — 6 ! 
 
 9. Touchstep forw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Touchstep forw. R. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Raise 
 heels and clap hands overh. — 5! Return — 6! Hands — Down' 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 14, in I term, IV Grade. 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. — 1! Bend — 2! Thrust 
 outw.— 3! Bend— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms downw. backw. 
 —3 ! Return— 4 ! B egin ! 
 
 3. Turn trunk L. and thrust arms forw. — 1 ! Return — 2 ! Turn trunk 
 R. and thrust arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 4. Turn head L. and thrust arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn head 
 R. and thrust arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. and bend head backw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms downw. backw. and bend head forw. — 3! 
 Return — 4 ! Arms — Down ! 
 
 6. Stride pos. forw. L. and hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk 
 forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Feet change 
 place, R. foot forw. — 1 — 2! Repeat bending trunk. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms upw. and bendkneestep forw. R. 
 —3! Return-4! 
 
 8. Thrust arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Thrust arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 9. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 7, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 8 — in four counts. Arms — Down! 
 
 10. "March"; repeat from last lesson. 
 
90 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL GULTURK 
 
 LESSON 10, 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Straighten arms forw. 
 — 1! On shoulders — 2! Straighten outw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! 
 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Straighten downw. 
 backw. — 3! On shoulders — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Stride pos. outw. L. R. (both feet) and place hands behind head 
 — Place! 1 — 2! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend sidw. R. 
 —3! Straighten— 4! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise R. leg forw. — 3! Down — 1! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L.— 1! Straighten 
 trunk — 2! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw^ — 3! Return 
 —4! 
 
 6. Bend trunk sidw. R. — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend trunk backw. and 
 straighten arms upw., in front of face— 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. leg forw. and straighten 
 arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise R. leg forw. and straighten arms forw. 
 —3! Return— 4! 
 
 8. Raise L. leg sidw. and straighten arms outw^ — 1! Return — 2! 
 Raise R. leg sidw. and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — 
 
 .Down! 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Stride backw. L. and straighten 
 arms downw. backw. — 1! Return — 2! Stride backw. R. and straighten 
 arms downw. backw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Hands on shoulders- — Place! Even numbered aisles exercise 
 No. 8, odd numbered aisles exercise No. 9, in four counts. Reverse. 
 
 11. "March"; see lesson 10. in III grade. I term. 
 
 V GRADK. 
 
 II TERM 
 
 LESSON L 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. — 1! Down — 2! Forw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms and L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms forw. 
 overh. and R. leg forw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms outw. and L. leg sidw. — 1! Down — 2! Raise arms 
 outw. overh. and R. leg sidw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 4. Arms forw. — Raise! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! Bend 
 trunk backw. — 3! Straighten — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Arms 
 outw. and bend trunk sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. overh. and L. leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! Arms 
 forw. overh. and R. leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. overh. and L. leg forw. crosswise — 1! Down — 
 2! Arms outw. overh. and R. leg forw. crosswise — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. and L. leg sidw. — 1! Down — 2! Arms outw. 
 and R. leg sidw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 9. Raise heels and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend 
 knees and raise arms forw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 5, in I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 91 
 
 LESSON 2, 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Straighten arms forw. and 
 bendkneestep forw. • L. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bendkneestep forw. 
 R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Be- 
 gin! Same, but bendkneestep R. 
 
 3. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Return — 
 2! Same, but bendkneestep sidw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head— Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten — 
 2! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk backw.— 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Bend trunk, sidw. R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms outw. and lunge sidw. L. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Same, but bendkneestep and lunge sidw. R. 
 
 7. Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Straighten arms forw. and lunge forw. L. — 3! Return — 4! Same, 
 but bendkneestep and lunge R. 
 
 8. Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Straighten arms downw. backw. and lunge backw. L. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Same, but bendkneestep and lunge R. 
 
 9. Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms diagonally (L. arm upw. 
 and head moved in direction of upper hand) — 1! Return — 2! Lunge 
 forw. R. and straighten arms diagonally — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. and touchstep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms forw. and touchstep forw. R. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Strike arms forw. and bend knees — 5! Return — 6! Begin! 
 1—2—3—4—5—6 etc. Arms— Down! 
 
 (In striking arms forw. or upw., knuckles of hand are always turned 
 outward. In striking arms outw., knuckles of hands are turned backw.) 
 
 2. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and touchstep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! 
 Return— 4! Strike arms outw. and raise heels — 5! Return— 6! Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to forw. strike- — Raise! Bend trunk obi, backw. L. and 
 strike arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. R, and strike 
 arms upw, — 3! Return — 4! Bend knees and strike arms forw. — 5! Re- 
 turn — 6! Arms — Down! 
 
 (In striking arms forw. or upw., knuckles of hands are always turned 
 outward. In striking arms outw., knuckles of hands are turned backw.) 
 
 4. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Bend trunk obi. forw. L. and place 
 hands on hips — 1! Return to first position — 2! Bend trunk obi. forw, 
 R. and place hands on hips — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels and strike arms 
 outw. — 5! Return — 6! Arms — Down! 
 
 5. As exercise No. 4, but even numbered aisles begin with trunk obi, 
 forw. L., and odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels. Arms — 
 Down! 
 
 6. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Turn trunk L. and strike arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn trunk R. and strike arms outw. — 3! Return 
 — 4! Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 5! Return — 6! Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Raise arms to outw. strike and touchstep backw. L, — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Arms to outw. strike and touchstep backw, R, — 3! Pos. — 4! Raise heels 
 and arms forw. overh. — 5! Pos. — 6! 
 
 8. "March"; see lesson 9, I term. 
 
92 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 4, 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. and bendkneestep 
 forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. R. 
 —3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4—1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Stride pes. L. foot forw. — Place! Bend L. knee and thrust arms 
 forw. — 1! Strt. pos. — 2! Bend R. knee and thrust arms upw. — 3! Strt. 
 pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Same as No. 2, bend R., front, knee 
 first. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 4. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and arms to thrust — Place! 1 — 2! Bend 
 L. knee and thrust arms forw. — 1! Strt. pos. — 2! Bend trunk sidw. L. 
 and thrust arms outw. — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but bend R. knee and 
 bend trunk sidw. R. Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 5. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten 
 ^2! Bend knees — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Raise heels — 3! Down — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and thrust arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 3! Return 
 —4! 
 
 8. As exel-cise No. 7, but even aisles begin with bendkneestep and 
 odd aisles begin with raising heels, in four counts. 
 
 9. Bendkneestep sidw. R. and thrust arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend knees and thrust arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 10, "March"; see last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! One-fourth turn L. (L. face) and 
 straighten arms forw. — 1 Hands on hips — 2! Same as first movement — 3! 
 Hands on hips — 4! Same as first movement — 5! Hands on hips — 6! 
 Same as first movement — 7! Hands on hips — 8! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 
 —6—7—8 etc. 
 
 2. Same as exercise No. 1, but turn to the R. and straighten arms 
 upw. — Begin! 
 
 3. Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge 
 forw. R. and straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels and 
 straighten arms upw., twice — (5 to 8.) Begin! 
 
 4. One-fourth turn L., bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. 
 — 1! Straighten trunk and place hands on hips — 2! Continued in eight 
 counts, as exercise No. 1. 
 
 5. One-fourth turn R. bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. 
 — 1! Straighten trunk and hands on hips — 2! Continued in eight counts, 
 as exercise No. 1. 
 
 6. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 4, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 6. 
 
 7. Even aisles exercise No. 5, while odd aisles exercise No. 4. 
 
 8. Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge 
 sidw. R. and straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels and 
 straighten arms outw. twice from 5 — 8. 
 
 9. As exercise No. 8, but even numbered aisles begin with the lunge 
 sidw. L., while odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels — 8 counts. 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 11, in I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 93 
 
 LESSON 6, 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Touchstep forw. L. 
 and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep forw. L. and 
 straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3—4 etc. Same, 
 but touchstep and bendkneestep forw. R. Hands — Down! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten 
 arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep backw. L. and straighten arms 
 upw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk forw. — 1! Straighten— 
 2! Turn trunk L.— 3! Front— 4! Hands— Down! 
 
 4. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk backw. — 1! Straighten 
 — 2! Turn trunk R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk forw. and straighten 
 arms downw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 6. Bendkneestep sidw. R. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return 
 —2! Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Same as exercise No. 6, but even numbered aisles begin with 
 bendkneestep, while odd numbered aisles begin with bending trunk 
 backw. — in four counts. 
 
 8. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 5, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 6 — in four counts. Reverse. Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and straight- 
 en arms obi. outw. upw. — 1! (Arms will be placed midway between the 
 outw. and upw. position.) Return — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. R. and 
 straighten arms obi. outw. upw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 10. "March"; see last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 1. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise arms forw. overh. and raise R. leg forw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 1_2_3— 4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. overh., raise L. leg sidw. and bend R. knee — 1! 
 Pos. — 2! Raise arms outw. overh., raise R. leg sidw. and bend L. knee 
 —3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Bend trunk forw. and raise arms backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 L. leg backw., bend R. knee and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Bend trunk backw, raise arms forw. upw. — II Pos. — 2! Raise 
 R. leg backw., and bend L. knee and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 5. Bend trunk sidew. L. and raise arms in circle overh. — 1! Pos. — 
 2! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and raise arms sidw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Bend trunk sidw. R. and raise arms in circle overh. — 1! Pos. — 
 2! Bendkneestep sidw. R. and raise arms sidw. R. — 8! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Raise L. leg sidw. and raise arms sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 heels and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 8. Raise R. leg sidw. and raise arms sidw. R. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 heels and arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 9. As exercise No. 8, but even numbered aisles begin with raising 
 R. leg and odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels — in four counts. 
 
 10. "March"; see lesson 13. in I term. 
 
94 MAXL'AL OF i'HV.SiCAJ. Cl'L,TURE. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Arms lo thrust — Bend! Thrust arms obi. forw. up and lunge forw. 
 L. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms obi. forw. up and hmge forw. R. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 5! Return — 6! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4—5—1) etc. 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. and lunge backw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Thrust 
 arms upw. and lunge backw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Thrust arms forw. and 
 bend knees — 5! Return — G! Begin! 
 
 3. Bend trunk sidw. L. and thrust arms cutw.^ — 1! Return — 2! Bend 
 trunk sidw. R. and thrust arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels and 
 thrust arms upw. — 5! Re' urn — 6! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Place hands behind head and bend trunk obi. backw. L. — II Pes. 
 — 2! Same, but bend obi. backw. R. — 3! Pes. — 4! Bend knees and 
 place hands behind head — 5! Pos. — 6! 
 
 5. Place hands behind head and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Same, but bend obi. forw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Raise heels and place hands 
 behind head — 5! Pos. — 6! 
 
 G. Arms to thrust — Bend! Ltmge sidw. L. and thrust anus obi. 
 outW'. up — 1! Rettirn — 2! Lunge sidw. R. and thrtist arms obi. outw. 
 up — 3! Return— 4! Bend knees and fold arms forw. — 5! Return — 6! 
 (In thrusting arms obi. outw. up. arms will be midway between the outw. 
 and upw. position.) 
 
 7. Lunge forw. L. and thrust arms obi. forw. up — 1! Return — 2! 
 Lunge backw. L. and thrust arms downw. backw. (obi.) — 3! Return — 4!- 
 Raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 5! Return — 6! Same, but lunge with 
 R. leg. 
 
 8. As exercise Xo. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with the lunge 
 forw\, and odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels. 
 
 9. "!March": see last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Straighten anus 
 forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten arms forw. and 
 touchstep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 2. Stride pos. L. foot forw. and hands on shoulders — Place! Bend 
 L. knee and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend R. knee (rear 
 knee) and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Feet change place^ — 1—2! Same as exercise 2, but bend R. knee 
 (front knee) first. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep sidw. L. and straighten 
 arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms 
 downw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 5. Touchstep sidw. R. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 G. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep backw. L. and s'.raighten 
 arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Turn trunk L. and straighten arms forw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Same, but touchstep R. and turn trunk R. Hands — 
 Down! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 95 
 
 7. Stride pos. L. foot forw. and hands on shoulders — Place! Raise 
 heels, both, and straighten arms upw.— 1! Down — 2! Bend knees and 
 straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! (In bending knees, heels raise 
 and the rear knee nearly touches floor, weight of body resting, on fore- 
 part of feet.) 
 
 8. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise No. 7. — Pos. — Stand! 
 
 9. Stride pos. outw. L. R., and hands on shoulders — Place! 1 — 2! 
 Bend L. knee and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend R. knee 
 and straighten arms downw. backw. — 3! Return — 4! Same, but begin 
 to bend R. knee first with arms outw. Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
 10. '"March"; see lesson 10, I term. Ill Grade. 
 
 LESSON to, 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise L. knee forw.- — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Raise arms forw. overh. and raise R. knee forw. — 3! Pos.— 4! Begin! 
 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Same as exercise No. 1, but raise arms outw. overh. 
 
 3. Stride pos. L. foot forw. — Place! Place hands behind head and 
 bend trunk forw. — 1! Return — 2! Hands behind head andsjDend trunk 
 backw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise No. 3 — Pos. — Stand! 
 
 5. Stride pos. outw. L. R. — Place! 1 — 2! Place hands behind head 
 and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Hands behind head and bend 
 trunk sidw. R.— 3! Return— 4! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 6. Raise arms and L. knee forw. — Raise! Raise arms overh. and 
 straighten L. leg forw. — 1! Strt. pos. — 2! Swing arms outw. and 
 straighten L. leg sidw. — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 7. Raise arms and R. knee forw. — Raise! Repeat exercise No. G 
 with R. leg. 
 
 8. Raise arms outw. and L. knee forw. — Raise! Straighten L. leg 
 forw. — 1! Raise L. knee — 2! Straighten L. leg backw. — 3! Raise L. 
 knee — 4! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 9. Raise arms outw. and R. knee forw. — Raise! Repeat exercise No. 
 8, with R. leg. 
 
 10. "March"; see last lesson. 
 
 VI GRADK. 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Arms 
 forw. and R. leg forw. — 3! Dowm — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Arms forw. overh. and R. leg backw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Raise L. leg sidw., bend R. knee and raise arms outw. overh. — 1! 
 Pos. — 2! Same, but raise R. leg and bend L. knee — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Bend trunk forw. and raise arms backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend 
 trunk backw. and raise arms forw. upw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 5. Bend trunk sidw. L. and raise arms circle overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Bend trunk sidw. R. and raise arms circle overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
96 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURIC. 
 
 6. Raise heels and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend knees 
 and raise arms outw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Bend trunk forw. and raise arms backw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 heels and raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh., raise L. leg forw. and bend R. knee — 1! 
 Pos. — 2! Same, but R. leg forw. and bend L. knee — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 5, I term, V Grade. 
 
 LESSON 2* 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 3! 
 Return— 4! Begin! 1 — 2—3 — 4 etc. Same, but R. leg. 
 
 2. Touchstep sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms diagonally — 3! Return4! Begin! (In 
 the lunge L., head moves in the direction of the L. hand which is, respec- 
 tive L. arm, midway between the outw. and upw. positions.) Same, to 
 the R. 
 
 3. Hands behind head and bend trunk forw. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 —2! Bend forw.— 3! Pos.— 4! 
 
 4. Hands behind head and turn trunk L. — 1! Turn R. — 2! Turn 
 L.— 3! Pos.— 4! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Same, but R. leg. 
 
 6. Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms diagonally — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bend trunk forw., straighten arms downw. and touchstep backw. L. — 
 3! Return — 4! Same, but R. leg. 
 
 7. As exercise No. 6, but even numbered aisles begin with the lunge 
 sidw. and odd numbered sisles tegin with bending trunk forw. 
 
 8. Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Lunge backw. R. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — 
 Down! 
 
 9. "March" as in last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 3* 
 
 1. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Strike arms outw. and bendknee- 
 step sidw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Strike arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. 
 R.— 3! Return— 4! Begin! 1—2—3—4 etc. Arms— Down! 
 
 2. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. and bendknee- 
 step forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and strike arms upw. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Begin! Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Strike arms forw. and bendknee- 
 step forw. R. — 1! 'Return — 2! Strike arms forw. and bend knees — 3! 
 Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Arms in front for outw. strike — Raise! Turn trunk L., bendknee- 
 step forw. L. (obi. forw. L.) and strike arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Raise 
 heels and strike arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Same, but turn trunk R. 
 and bendkneestep forw. R. Arms — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to forw. strike — Raise! Bend trunk obi. forw. L. and place 
 hands on hips — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. L. bendkneestep 
 forw. R. (in front of face) and strike arms forw. upw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 6. Bend trunk obi. forw. R. and place hands on hips — 1! Return 
 — 2! Bend trunk obi. backw. R., bendkneestep forw. L. (in front of face) 
 and strike arms forw. upw. — 3! Return — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
MANUAL OP^ PHYSICAL (UJLTURK. 97 
 
 7. Arms to forvv. strike — Raise! Even numbered aisles exercise 
 No. 5, while odd numbered aisles exercise No. 6, in four counts. 
 
 8. Arms to outw. strike — Raise! Raise heels and strike arms outw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Bend knees and strike arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 9, I term, V Grade. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Stride pos. forw. L. (L. foot in front) and hands on shoulders — 
 Place! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend 
 knees and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 2. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise No. 1. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 3. Stride pos. forw. L. and hands on shoulders — Place! Raise heels 
 and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk forw. and 
 straighten arms down. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 4. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Bend knees and straighten arms outw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 5. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and place hands on shoulders — Place! 
 One-fourth turn L., on heels, bend L. knee and straighten arms forw. 
 — 1! Return, to front — 2! One-fourth turn R., bend R. knee and straight- 
 en arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Remain in stride dos. 
 
 6. Bend trunk sidw. L., bend L. knee and straighten arms outw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk sidw. R., bend R. knee and straighten 
 arms outw.— 3! Return— 4! Pos.— Stand! 1—2! 
 
 7. Stride pos. outw. L. R. and place hands on shoulders — Place! 1 — 
 2! As exercise No. 6, but even numbered aisles begin to the L. and odd 
 numbered aisles begin to the R. in four counts. Pos. — Stand! 1 — 2! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep backw. L. and 
 straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep backw. R. and 
 straighten arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. "March" as in last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge forw. R. and straighten arms forw. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. — 5! Return 
 —6! Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6 etc. 
 
 2. Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Lunge backw. R. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Bend trunk 
 backw. and straighten arms upw. — 5! Return — 6! Begin! 
 
 3. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 1, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 2, in six counts. 
 
 4. Stride pos. forw. L. — Place! Bend trunk backw. and straighten 
 arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms 
 downw — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 5! Re- 
 turn — 6! 
 
 5. Feet change place, R. foot forw. — 1 — 2! Repeat exercise No. 4. 
 Pos. — Stand! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms 
 diagonally — 1! Return — 2! Lunge sidw. R. and straighten arms diag- 
 pnally — 3! Return — 4! Bend trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. 
 
 '^— 5! Return— 6! 
 
9S MANUAJ. OF FJlYtelGAL CUJLTURK. 
 
 7. Lunge forw. L.. straighten arms diagonally and turn trunk R. — 
 1! (Move head in direction of upper L. hand.) Return — 2! Lunge forw. 
 R., straighten arms diagonally and turn trunk L. — 3! Return — 4! Raise 
 heels and straighten arms upw. — 5! Return — 6! Hands — Down! 
 
 8. As exercise 7, but even numbered aisles begin with lunging L. 
 and odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels, in six counts. 
 
 9. "March"'; see lesson 11, I term, V Grade. 
 
 LESSON 6* 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! One-fourth turn L. (L. face), bend knees 
 and thrust arms forw. — 1! Return (straighten knees and bend arms) — 
 2! Same as first movement — 3! Return— 4! Same as first movement — 
 5! Return — 6! Same as first movement — 7! Return — 8! Begin! 1 — 2 
 —3—4—5—6—7—8 etc. 
 
 2. One-fourth turn R., raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 1! Return 
 — 2! Continued in eight coimts. as exercise No. 1 — Begin! 
 
 3. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 1, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 2, in eight counts. Arms — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on hips — Place! Place hands behind head, bendkneestep 
 forw. L. and bend trunk backw. — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bendkneestep 
 forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! Bend knees and straighten arms forw. twice, 
 from 5 to 8. 
 
 5. Place hands behind head, bendkneestep backw. L. and .bend 
 trunk forw. — 1! Return— 2! Same, but bendkneestep backw. R. — 3! 
 Return — 4! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. twice, from 5 to 8. 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Arms to thrust — Bend! Bendkneestep sidw. L., thrust arms outw. 
 and turn head L. — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. R., thrust arms 
 outw. and turn head R. — 3! Return — 4! Turn trunk L. and place hands 
 behind head — 5! Return — 6! Turn trunk R. and place hands behind 
 head— 7! Return— 8! 
 
 7. As exercise No. 6, but even numbered aisles begin with the bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L., while odd numbered aisles begin with turning trunk 
 L. in eight counts. 
 
 8. Bendkneestep backw. L. and thrust arms diagonally, head bend- 
 ing backw. facing upper R. hand — 1! Return — 2! Same, but bendknee- 
 step backw. R. and face upper L. hand — 3! Return — 4! Raise heels and 
 thrust arms upw. twice, from 5 to 8. ArmiS — Down! 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise arms forw. overh. and raise R. knee forw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. overh. and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise arms outw. overh. and raise R. knee forw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 
 
MANUAL OK FHY^SlCAL CULTURK 99 
 
 3. Touchstep forw. L., bend trunk backw. and raise arms forw. upw. 
 — 1! Pos. — 2! Touchstep backw. L., bend trunk forw. and raise arms 
 backw.— 3! Pos.— 4! 
 
 4. As exercise No. 3, but touchstep R. 
 
 5. Touchstep sidw. L., bend trunk sidw. L. and raise arms in circle 
 overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! Same, but touchstep R. and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 —3! Pos.— 4! 
 
 6. As exercise No. 5, but even numbered aisles begin sidw. L., while 
 odd numbered aisles begin sidw. R. 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. and raise L. knee forw. — Raise! Straighten 
 L. leg forw. — 1! Raise L. knee forw. — 2! Straighten L. leg outw. — 3! 
 Raise L. knee forw. — 4! Arms and leg — Down! Same exercise, but have 
 R. knee raised forw. 
 
 8. Same as exercise 7, but straighten leg forw. and backw. alternately 
 in four counts — Arms and legs — Down! 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 13, I term, V Grade. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Touchstep forw. L. 
 and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge forw. L. and straighten 
 arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Same, but touch- 
 step and lunge R. Hands — Down! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep forw. L. and straighten 
 arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms upw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. Hands — Down! 
 
 3. Place hands behind head, bend trunk obi. backw. L. and touchstep 
 forw. (obi.) R. — 1! Pos. — 2! Place hands behind head, bend trunk obi. 
 backw. R. and touchstep forw. L. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Place hands behind head, bend trunk obi. forw. L. and touchstep 
 backw. R. obi. — 1! Pos. — 2! Place hands behind head, bend trunk obi. 
 forw. R. and touchstep backw. L. obi. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 5. Place hands behind head, lunge sidw. L. and bend trunk sidw. 
 R. — 1! Pos. — 2! Place hands behind head, lunge sidw. R. and bend 
 trunk sidw. L.— 3! Pos.— 4! 
 
 6. As exercise No. 5. but even numbered aisles begin with lunge L. 
 and odd numbered aisles begin with lunge R. 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Touchstep sidw. L. and straighten 
 arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. 
 — 3! Return — 4! Same, but touchstep and lunge R. Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms 
 diagonally, head moved in direction of L. upper hand — 1! Return — 2! 
 Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Same, but lunge 
 sidw. R. 
 
 1). 'March" as last lesson. 
 
 LofC. 
 
100 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Stride pos. forw. L., L. foot forw. and hands on hips — Place! 
 Bend L. knee and straighten arms forw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend R. (rear) 
 knee and straighten arms outw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 2. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Same as exercise No. 1, but bend R. 
 knee first — Begin! Pos. — Stand! 
 
 3. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw., touchstep backw. L. 
 and straighten arms downw, — 1! Return — 2! Bend trunk backw., touch- 
 step forw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! Same, but 
 touchstep R. 
 
 4. Turn trunk L. Vg turn, touchstep sidw. L. and straighten arms 
 outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend knees and straighten arms forw. — 3! Re- 
 turn — 4 ! 
 
 5. Turn trunk R. touchstep sidw. R. and straighten arms outw. — 
 1! Return — 2! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 6. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 4, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No, 5, in four counts. Reverse. 
 
 7. Stride pos. forw. L. — Place! Bend L. knee and straighten arms 
 forw. — 1! Return — 2! One fourth turn R. (turn on heels), bend R. 
 — 4! Feet change place and repeat same exercise reversed, first ^/4 turn 
 knee and straighten arms upw. — 3! Return to the front (turning on heels) 
 to th L. Pos— Stand! 
 
 8. Stride pos. forw. L. and hands on hips — Place! Raise heels and 
 straighten arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend knees and straighten arms 
 outw.^ — 3! Return — 4! Feet change place, R. foot in front, and repeat 
 same exercise. Pos. — Stand. 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 10, I term, III Grade. 
 
 LESSON to. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. and raise L. leg backw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Thrust arms upw. and raise R. leg backw. — 3! Return 
 —4! Begin! 1—2—3—4 etc. 
 
 2. Raise L. leg sidw. and thrust arms outw. — 1! Return — 2! Bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L. and thrust arms forw. — 3! Return — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but raise R. leg and bendkneestep sidw. R. 
 
 3. Bendkneestep backw. L. and thrust arms downw. backw. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Bendkneestep sidw. L., bend trunk sidw. L. and thrust arms 
 outw. — 3! Return — 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. and bend trunk 
 sidw. R. 
 
 4. Stride pos. forw. L. — Place! Place hands behind head and bend 
 trunk backw. — 1! Bend trunk forw. — 2! Bend backw. — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! 
 
 5. Feet change place — 1 — 2! Same as exercise No. 4, but bend 
 trunk forw. first. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 6. Arms tO' thrust — Bend! Raise L. leg forw. and thrust arms forw. 
 — 1! Return — 2! Bendkneestep backw. L. and thrust arms downw. 
 backw. — 3! Return — 4! Same, but raise R. leg and bendkneestep R. 
 
 7. As exercise No. 6, but even numbered aisles begin with raising 
 leg forw. while, odd numbered aisles begin with bendkneestep backw. in 
 four counts. 
 
 8. Bendkneestep forw. L. and thrust arms upw. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Bendkneestep backw. L. and thrust arms downw. backw. — 3! Return — 
 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. IQl 
 
 VII GRADK. 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON L 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and touchstep sidw. L. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Be- 
 gin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Same, but touchstep R. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Raise arms overh. 
 and touchstep backw. L. — 2! Return to first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! Same, but touchstep R. 
 
 3. Raise arms sidw. L. and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Raise arms 
 overh. and touchstep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but arms sidw. R. and touchstep R. 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Touchstep backw. 
 L., bend trunk forw. and swing arms downw. backw. horizontal with 
 shoulders — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but touchstep R. 
 
 5. Raise arms outw. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Raise arms upw., 
 bend trunk backw. and touchstep forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same, but touchstep R. 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. and bend knees — 1! Raise arms overh. and 
 raise heels (straighten knees) — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. Raise arms outw. and touchstep sidw. L. — li Bend trunk sidw. 
 L. and arms in circle overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but touchstep R. and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Lower arms forw. 
 and bend knees — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 3, VII grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Hands on hips and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Closestep L. and 
 straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 
 — 3—4 etc. Same, but bendkneestep R. 
 
 2. Hands on hips and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Closestep L. and 
 straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but bendkneestep sidw. R. 
 
 3. Bendkneestep backw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Close- 
 step L. and bend trunk forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but bendkneestep R. 
 
 4. Bendkneestep forw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Close- 
 step L. and bend trunk backw. — 2! First movement — 8! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but bendkneestep R. 
 
 5. Hands on hips and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Lunge sidw. L. 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Same, 
 but bendkneestep and lunge R. 
 
 6. Place hands behind head and touchstep forw. crosswise L. — 1! 
 Bendkneestep sidw. L. and bend trunk sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Same, but touchstep R. and bendkneestep and bend trunk R. 
 
102 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 7. Hands on hips and bendkneestep backw. L. — II Lunge forw. L. 
 and straighten arms diagonally, face in line with upper L. hand, trunk 
 turned slightly R. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but bend- 
 kneestep R. and lunge R. 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with the bend- 
 kneestep, while odd numbered aisles begin with the lunge and raise the 
 arms diagonally, in four counts. 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 3* 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Lunge forw. L. 
 and straighten arms forw.— 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3—4 etc. Same, but touchstep and lunge R. 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Lunge backw. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. 2! First miovement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms outw. — 1! Bend 
 trunk obi. backw. L. and raise arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 • — 4! Same, but bend trunk obi. backw. R. Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! Bend 
 trunk obi. forw. L. and fold arms backw. — 2! Firse movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Same, but bend obi. forw. R. 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Lunge sidw. L. 
 and straighten arms outw. obi. upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but touchstep R. and lunge R. 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders and touchstep backw. L. — 1 ! Touchstep 
 sidw. L., bend trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First move- 
 ment — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but touchstep R. and bend trunk R. 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders and raise heels — 1! Lunge sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms diagonally, head turned in direction of L. upper hand 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but lunge R. 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with raising 
 heels and odd numbered aisles begin with lunge and arms diagonally 
 raised. 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 5. VII grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Closestep L., raise heels 
 and thrust arms upw.— 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 
 — 3 — 4 etc. Same, but raise R. leg forw. 
 
 2. Arms to thrust and raise heels — 1! Lower heels, bend trunk 
 backw. and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust and bend knees — 1! Straighten knees, bend trunk 
 forw. and thrust arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.- — 4! 
 
 4. Arms to thrust — Bend! Raise L. leg sidw. and thrust arms outw. 
 — 1! Closestep L., raise heels and raise arms upw. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but raise R. leg sidw. 
 
 5. Thrust arms forw. and raise L. leg forw. — 1 ! Raise arms overh. 
 and L. leg backw.— 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but 
 raise R. leg. 
 
 6. Turn trunk L. and thrust arms outw. — 1! Turn trunk R. and 
 bend arms to thrust — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but 
 begin to turn trunk R. Arms — Down! 
 
 7. Bend knees and arms to thrust — 1! Raise heels and thrust arms 
 upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 103 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with bending 
 knees, while odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels. 
 !>. "^March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Stride pos. forw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Bend L. knee and 
 raise arms overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 
 — 4 etc. Same, but stride forw. R. 
 
 2. Stride pos. forw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! One-fourth turn R. on 
 heels, bend R. knee and swing arms sidw. R. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but stride forw. R., ^/4 turn L. 
 
 3. Stride pos. backw. L. and raise arms outw. — 1! Bend trunk 
 backw. and raise arms upw^ — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but stride backw. R. 
 
 4. Stride pos. forw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Swing arms 
 downw. backw. and bend trunk forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but stride forw. R. 
 
 5. Stride pos. forw. L. and raise arms outw. — 1! One-fourth turn 
 R., on heels, bend R. knee and raise arms overh. — 2! Turn to front to 
 first movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but stride forw. R. and turn L. 
 
 6. Stride pos. outw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. 
 L, and swing arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but 
 stride pos. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 7. Stride pos. forw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! Raise heels and 
 raise arms overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but stride 
 pos. forw. R. 
 
 8. Stride pos. forw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Bend knees 
 (both) and lower arms in outw. position — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same, but stride forw. R. 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 9, VII grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON 6, 
 
 1. Raise arms to forw. strike and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Strike 
 forw. and bendkneestep iorw. L. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Begin! 1 — 2 — 3—4 etc. Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. 
 
 2. Raise arms to forw. strike and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Strike 
 arms forw^ and bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Begin! Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Place hands 
 behind head and bend trunk backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but touchstep R. 
 
 4. Raise arms outw. and touchstep backw. L. — 1! Place hands be- 
 hind head and bend trunk forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but touchstep R. 
 
 5. Raise arms to outw. strike and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Close- 
 step L. and strike arms outw. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but bendkneestep sidw. R. 
 
 (J. Bendkneestep sidw. L. and place hands behind head — 1! Change 
 bent leg (straighten R. leg and bend L. leg) and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but begin with bendknee- 
 step R. 
 
 7. Raise arms in front to outw. strike (hands in front of chest) and 
 touchstep forw. L. — 1! Bendkneestep backw. L. and strike arms outw. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, with R. leg. 
 
 8. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 6, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 7, in four counts, then reverse. 
 
 9. "March'" as last lesson. 
 
104 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 LESSON 1. 
 
 1. Hands on hips and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Straighten arms and 
 L. leg forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pes. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 Same, with R. leg. 
 
 2. Same, but straighten arms and leg outw. in four counts. Begin! 
 
 3. Same, but straighten arms upw. and leg backw. 
 
 4. Hands on hips and raise heels — 1! Heels down, bend trunk 
 forw. and straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 5. Same, but bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. 
 
 6. Hands on hips and raise heels — 1! Lower heels, bend trunk 
 sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 7. Hands on hips and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Straighten L. leg 
 sidw. and arms diagonally — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but R. leg and arms diagonally. 
 
 8. Hands on hips and raise L. knee forw. — 1! Straighten L. leg 
 backw. and arms diagonally — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but R. leg and arms diagonally. 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 13, VH grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders and raise L. leg backw. — 1! Lunge forw. L. 
 and straighten arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Hands on 
 shoulders and raise R. leg backw. — 5! Lunge forw. R. and straighten 
 arms forw. — 6! As fifth movement — 7! Pos. — 8! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 
 5—6—7—8, etc. 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Lunge back. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Same from 
 5 — 8 with R. leg — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders and lunge forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk forw. 
 and straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same 
 from 5 — 8 with lunging R. 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders and lunge back. L. — 1! Bend trunk back, 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same from 
 5 — 8 with lunging R. 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders and lunge sidw. L. — 1! Change bent leg 
 (straighten L. leg and bend R. leg) and straighten arms diagonally, 
 head moved in direction of upper R. hand — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same from 5 — 8 with lunging sidw. R. 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders and lunge forw. L. — 1! Turn trunk R., 
 straighten arms upw. and bend head backw. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Same from 6 — 8, lunging forw. R. and turn trunk L. 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Raise L. leg forw. crosswise and 
 bend R. knee — 1! Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First 
 movement — 3! Pos.— 4! Same, but raise R. leg and lunge sidw. R. from 
 6 — 8. Hands — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders — Place! Even numbered aisles exercise No. 
 7, while odd numbered aisles will exercise in the following order: — Lunge 
 sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Hands on shoulders and raise L. 
 leg forw. crosswise, bend R. knee — 2! Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms 
 outw. — 3! Pos. — 4! Same from 5 — 8, but begin to lunge sidw. R. 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 105 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 1. Raise arms outw. and stride pos, sidw. L. — 1! Raise arms upw. 
 and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 
 etc. Same, but stride pos. sidw. R. 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Swing arms outw. 
 and bend knees (both) — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, 
 but stride pos. forw. R. 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. overh. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1 ! Place hands 
 behind head and bend trunk obi. forw. R. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same, but stride forw. R. and trunk obi. forw. L. 
 
 4. Raise arms forw. overh. and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Place hands 
 behind head and bend trunk obi. backv/. R. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same, but stride backw. R. and bend trunk obi. backw. L. 
 
 5. Stride pos. forw. L. — Place! Raise arms forw. overh. and raise 
 heels — 1! Lower arms forw. and bend knees (both) — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Feet change place — 1 — 2! and repeat same exercise. 
 Pos.— Stand ! 
 
 6. Stride pos. sidw. L. and raise arms outw. — 1! Place hands behind 
 head and bend trunk sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but stride pos. sidw. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 7. Stride pos. backw. L. — Place! Raise arms outw. and bend knees 
 — 1! Raise arms overh. and raise heels — 2! Arms outw. and bend knees 
 — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Feet change place — 1 — 2! and repeat same exercise. 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with bending 
 knees, while odd numbered aisles begin with raising heels. Pos. — Stand! 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 10, III grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON J a 
 
 1. Hands on hips and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1! Lunge forw. L. 
 and straighten arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 with bendkneestep and lunge R. from 5 — 8 — Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 — 5 — 6 
 —7—8 etc. 
 
 2. Hands on hips and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Lunge sidw. L. 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, with 
 bendkneestep and lunge R. from 5 — 8 — Begin! 
 
 3. Hands on hips and raise heels — 1! Lower heels, bend trunk forw. 
 and straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Hands 
 on hips and raise heels — 5! Lower heels, bend trunk backw. and straight- 
 en arms upw. — 6! As fifth movement — 7! Pos. — 8! 
 
 4. Hands on hips and bend knees — 1! Straighten knees, bend trunk 
 backw. and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Hands on hips and bend knees— 5! Straighten knees, bend trunk forw. 
 and straighten arms downw. — 6! As fifth movement — 7! Pos. — 8! 
 
 5. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 3, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 4. Reverse the exercise. 
 
 6. Hands on hips and bendkneestep backw. L. — 1! Lunge backw. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, with 
 bendkneestep and lunge R. from 5 — 8. 
 
 7. Hands on hips and raise heels — 1! Lower heels, turn trunk L. 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but turn trunk to the R. from 5 — 8. 
 
 8. Hands on hips — Place! Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms 
 diagonally (head moved in direction of upper L. hand) — 1! Change posi- 
 tion, by straightening L. leg, bend R. leg and change arm position, R. 
 arm up. — 2! Change to first position — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, with 
 lunging sidw. R. from 5 — 8. 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
106 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE 
 
 VIII GRADK. 
 
 II TERM. 
 
 LESSON. L 
 
 1. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Straighten arms forw. 
 and bendkneestep forw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. 
 
 2. Hands on hips and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Straighten arms upw. 
 and bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. • 
 
 3. Hands on hips and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Bend L. knee, bend 
 trunk forw. and straighten arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 ■ — 4! Same, but stride pos. forw. R. 
 
 4. Hands on hips and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend L. (rear) 
 knee, bend trunk backw. and straighten arms upw. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Pos.— 4! Same, but stride pos. backw. R. 
 
 5. Hand on hips and touchstep forw. L. crosswise — 1! Straighten 
 arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but touchstep and bendkneestep R. 
 
 6. Hands on hips and stridt pos, sidw. L. — 1! Bend L. knee, bend 
 trunk sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same, but stride pos. sidw. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 7. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms upw. and bendkneestep 
 sidw. L. — 1! Lower arms to diagonal position (head moves in direction 
 of upper L. hand), change bent leg (straighten R. and bend L. leg) — 2! 
 First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — '4\ Same, but begin with the bendknee- 
 step sidw. R. 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with the bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L. and odd numbered aisles begin with the bendkneestep 
 sidw. R. 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 3, VII grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Swing arms 
 forw. downw. backw. (obi.) and lunge backw. L. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Same, but touchstep and lunge R. 
 
 2. Cross-touchstep forw. L. and raise arms forw.— 1! Lunge sidw. 
 L. and swing arms outw. diagonally, head moved in direction of L. hand 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but cross-touchstep 
 and lunge R. 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. overh. and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Place hands 
 behind head and bend trunk forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but stride pos. forw. R. 
 
 4. Raise arms outw. overh. and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Place 
 hands behind head and bend trunk backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. 
 — 4! Same,* but stride pos. backw. R. 
 
 5. Touchstep backw. L. and raise arms backw. — 1! Lunge forw. 
 L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but touchstep and lunge R. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURK. 107 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Place hands behind 
 head, bend L. knee and bend trunk sidw. R. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Same, but stride pos. sidw. R. and trunk sidw L. 
 
 7. Lunge forw. L. and raise arms forw. — 1! One-fourth turn R. 
 (turn on heels), change bent leg and swing arms outw. diagonally, head 
 moved in direction of upper R. hand — 2! First movement (with Vi turn 
 L. to the front) — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but begin with the lunge forw. R. 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with the lunge 
 L, and odd numbered aisles begin with the lunge R. 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. and raise L. leg forw. 
 — 1! Swing arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but begin with R. leg. 
 
 2. Thrust arms downw. backw. obi. and raise L. leg forw. — 1! Raise 
 arms forw. overh. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Pos. — 4! Same, but begin v/ith R. leg. Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust — Bend! Raise heels and thrust arms outw. — 1 
 Lower heels, bend trunk forw. and lower arms — 2! Return to first move- 
 ment — 3! Sirt. pos. — 4! 
 
 4. Bend knees and thrust arms downw. backw.^ — 1! Straighten 
 knees, bend trunk backw. and raise arras forw. upw. — 2! Return to first 
 movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Arms- — Down! 
 
 5. Arms to thrust — Bend! Raise heels and thrust arms upw. — 1! 
 Lower heels, bendkneestep backw. L. and lower arms diagonally, facing 
 your R. upper hand — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but 
 bendkneestep backw. R. Arms — Down! 
 
 6. Raise arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Change bent 
 leg. bend trunk sidew. R.. R. hand on hip and L. arm in semi-circle 
 overh., face in line with R. foot — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but reversed, beginning with the bendkneestep sidw. R. 
 
 7. Arms to thrust— Bend! Raise L. leg backw. and thrust arms 
 upw. — 1! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and lower arms outw. — 2! First move- 
 ment — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but begin with R. leg. 
 
 8. "March"; see lesson 5, VII grade, I term. 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. and bendknee- 
 step forw. L. — 1! Arms overh. and lunge forw. L. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3—4 etc. Same, but bendkneestep R. 
 and lunge R. 
 
 2. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 1! Arms 
 overh. and lunge sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, 
 but bendkneestep R. and lunge R. 
 
 3. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! Bend 
 trunk obi. backw. R. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! 
 
108 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 4. Same, but bend obi. forw. R. and backw. L. Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep backw. L. and 
 straighten arms downw. backw. — 1! Lunge backw. L. and arms forw. 
 overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, with R. leg. 
 
 6. Hands behind head — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Bend sidw. 
 R. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but begin bending 
 sidw. R. Hands — Down! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Bendkneestep sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms sidw. L. — 1 ! Lunge sidw. L. and swing ^rms, on a level 
 with shoulders, sidw. R. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, 
 but begin with bendkneestep and arms sidw. R. 
 
 8. As exercise 7, but even numbered aisles begin with the first move- 
 ment, the bendkneestep, and the odd numbered aisles begin with the sec- 
 ond movement, the lunge, in four counts. 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 5. 
 
 1. Hands on hips — Place! Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms forw. 
 — II Change bent leg (straighten L. and leg and bend R. leg), and arms in 
 circle overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 
 etc. Same, but begin with lunge forw. R. 
 
 2. Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Change bent leg 
 and arms in circle overh. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! 
 Same, but lunge sidw. R. 
 
 3. Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms forw. — 1! One-fourth turn 
 R. on heels, change bent leg, benti trunk forw. and fold arms backw. — 2! 
 First movement (straighten and turn to front) — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, 
 but lunge forw. R. and ^^ turn to the L. 
 
 4. Lunge backw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! One-fourth 
 turn L., turn on heels, change bent leg, bend trunk backw. and raise arms 
 circle in upw. (arms in front of face) — 2! First movement (straighten 
 and turn to front) — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but lunge backw. R, and 
 1/4 turn R. 
 
 5. Even numbered aisles exercise No. 3, while odd numbered aisles 
 exercise No. 4, in four counts. Reverse exercise. Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — 1! 
 Lower heels, lunge forw. L. and lower arms diagonally, turn trunk R., 
 head moved in direction of upper hand (the left) — 2! Back to first move- 
 ment- — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but lunge forw. R. 
 
 7. Lunge sidw. L. and straighten arms outw. — 1! Change bent leg, 
 bend trunk sidw. L., place L. hand on hips and raise R. arm in semi-circle 
 overh., turn head facing your L. foot — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but lunge sidw. R. and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 8. Lunge forw. L. and straighten arms diagonally (L, arm up) — 1! 
 One-half turn R., on heels (right about face), change bent leg and arms 
 diagonally (R. arm up) — 2! One-half turn L. to first movement — 3! Strt. 
 pos. — 4! Same, but begin to lunge forw. R. 
 
 9. "March"; see lesson 9, VH grade, I term. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL, CULTURE. 109 
 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 1. Raise arms to forw strike and raise heels — 1! Lower heels, lunge 
 forw. L. and strike arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. Same, but lunge R. 
 
 2. Raise arms to outw. strike and bend knees — 1! Straighten knees, 
 lunge backw. L. and strike arms outw. — 2! First movement — 31 
 Pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but lunge backw, R. 
 
 3. Raise arms in front for outw, strike and raise heels — 1! Lower 
 heels, lunge sidw, L. and strike arms outw. and turn head L. — 2! First 
 movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but lunge R. and turn head R. 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. and bend- 
 kneestep forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk backw. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. Hands — Down! 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. and bendknee- 
 step backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk forw. (arms will be alongside head) — 2! 
 First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. Hands 
 — Down! 
 
 6. Hands on shoulders and raise heels — 1! Lunge sidw. L. and 
 straighten arms diagonally (head moves in direction of upper hand, the 
 L.) — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but lunge R. 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. and bend- 
 kneestep sidw. L. — 1! Bend trunk sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. and bend trunk sidw. R. Hands 
 — Down! 
 
 8. Hands on shoulders and bend knees — 1! Straighten knees, lunge 
 forw. L. bend trunk forw. slightly and straighten arms diagonally (face 
 in direction with upper hand, the L.) — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 Same, but lunge R. 
 
 9. As exercise 8, but even numbered aisles begin with bending knees, 
 while odd numbered aisles begin with the lunge forw. 
 
 10. "March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 1. Raise arms forw. and touchstep forw. L. — 1! Arms overh. and 
 lunge backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Arms forw. and 
 touchstep forw. R. — 5! Arms overh. and lunge backw. R. — 6! Fifth 
 movement— 7! Pos.— 8! Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—8, etc. 
 
 2. Raise arms outw. and cross-touchstep forw. L. — 1! Arms upw., 
 lunge sidw. L. and bend head backw. — 2! First movement— 3! Pos. — 4! 
 The same, with R. leg, from 5 — 8 — Begin! 
 
 3. Place hands behind head and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — 1! 
 Straighten trunk and raise heels — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! The 
 same, but bend trunk obi. forw. R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 4. Place hands behind head and bend trunk obi. backw. L. — 1! 
 Straighten trunk and bend knees — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! The 
 same, but bend trunk obi. backw. R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 5. Raise arms forw. overh. and lunge sidw. L. — 1 ! Arms outw. and 
 touchstep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.— 4! The same, but 
 lunge R. and touchstep sidw. R., from 5 — 8. 
 
110 iMANUAJL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 6. Raise arms cutw. and lunge sidw. L. — 1! Cross-touchstep forw. 
 L., bend trunk obi. backw. L., L. hand on R. shoulder and R. arm in 
 semi-circle overh. (face directed toward R. hand) — 2! First movement — 
 3! Pos. — 4! The same in reversed order, beginning with the lunge sidw. 
 R., from 5 — 8. (Repeat this exercise several times as a position before 
 moving in time, rhythm.) 
 
 7. Place hands behind head and bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten 
 trunk and raise heels — 2! "First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but bend 
 trunk sidw. R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 8. Lunge forw. L. and raise arms diagonally (face in straight line 
 with upper hand, the L.. trunk .urned slightly to the R.) — 1! Cross-touch- 
 step forw. L. and arms overh. — 2! Firs" movement— 3! Pos. — 4! Same, 
 but lunge and touchstep R.. from 5 — 8. 
 
 9. "March"'; see lesson 13, VII grade, 1 term. 
 
 LESSON 8. 
 
 1. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms forw. and raise L. leg forw. 
 — 1! Arms sidw. L. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Strt pos. — 4! Thrust arms forw. and raise R. leg forw. — 5! Arms sidw, 
 R. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — 6! Fifth movement — 7! Strt. pos. — 8! 
 Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6—7—8 etc. 
 
 2. Thrust arms upw. and raise L. leg crosswise forw. L. — 1! Arms 
 outw., lowered, and bendkneestep sidw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. 
 pos. — 4! Same, but raise R. leg and bendkneestep R., from 5 — 8 — Begin! 
 Arms — Down! 
 
 3. Arms to thrust and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk forw. 
 and thrust arms downw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos.^4! Same, but 
 stride forw. R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 4. Arms to thrust and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk backw. 
 and thrust arms upw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but 
 stride pos. backw. R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 5. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms outw. and raise L. leg sidw. 
 — 1! Arms overh. and bendkneestep backw. L. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but raise R. leg and bendkneestep R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 6. Arms to thrust and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1 ! Turn trunk L. and 
 thrust arms outw. — 2! First movement — 3! Pos. — 4! Same, but stride 
 pos. R. and turn trunk R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 7. Arms to thrust — Bend! Thrust arms upw. and raise L. leg backw. 
 — 1! Arms diagonally and bendkneestep sidw. L., head turned in direction 
 of upper hand, the R. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but 
 raise R. leg and bendkneestep R., from 5 — 8. 
 
 8. As exercise No. 7, but even numbered aisles begin with L. leg, 
 while odd numbered aisles begin with R. leg. 
 
 9. "March" as last lesson. 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 
 In this lesson and in the following lesson, 10, it is advisable to allow 
 the duration of time between the different movements to be somewhat 
 longer than in the foregoing lesson, so that the class will fix every move- 
 ment well and pose correctly. To effect this, place two counts on every 
 movement, counting in the usual time, but placing stress on the odd 
 counts. That would place 12, instead of 6 counts, on every exercise. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. HI 
 
 For holidays, "Washington's Birthday" or "Arbor Day," lesson 9 
 can easily be arranged to give a pleasant and impressive idea of the 
 work. Arrange in the following order: — 
 
 a. Exercise No. 1, simultaneously. 
 
 b. Exercise No. 2, all the even numbered aisles, and exercise No. 3 
 all the odd numbered aisles, then reverse. 
 
 c. Exercise No. 4, all the even numbered aisles, and exercise No. 5 
 all the odd numbered aisles, then reverse. 
 
 d. Exercise No. 1, simultaneously. If the drill should be accom- 
 panied by music, then it would be well to allow a pause of 12 counts after 
 each one or two exercises. In the beginning the music should play four 
 measures before the drill begins. This suggestion applies also to leson 10 
 if arranged for a similar purpose. 
 
 1. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Raise heels and 
 straighten arms upw. — 2! Lower heels, bend R. leg (rear) and arms outw. 
 — 3! Raise heels and arms upw. — 4! Lower heels to stride pos. and hands 
 on shoulders — 5! Pos. — 6! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4—5 — 6 etc. Same, but 
 begin with the stride pos. forw. R. 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Raise heels and 
 straighten arms outw. — 2! Lower heels, bend L. leg, bend trunk forw. 
 and arms downw. — 3! Straighten trunk and leg, raise heels and arms 
 outw. — 4! Lower heels to stride pos. and hands on shoulders — 5! Pos. 
 — 6! Begin! Same, but begin with the stride pos. forw. R. 
 
 3. Hands on shoulder and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend knees (both) 
 and straighten arms forw. — 2! Straighten knees, bend trunk backw., bend^ 
 ing R. knee (rear) and arms upw. — 3! Second movement — 4! First 
 movement — 5! Pos. — 6! Same, but begin with the stride pos. backw. R. 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. sidw. L. — 1! Raise heels 
 and straighten arms upw. — 2! Lower heels, bend trunk sidw. L., bend R. 
 knee and arms lowered outw. (on a level with shoulders) — 3! Second 
 movement — 4! First movement — 5! Pos. — 6! Same, but begin with 
 the stride pos .sidw. R. and bending trunk sidw. R. 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Raise heels and 
 arms outw. — 2! Arms upw. and bend knees — 3! Second movement — 4! 
 First movement — 5! Pos. — 6! Same, but begin with the stride pos. 
 backw. R. 
 
 6. "March"; see lesson 10, III grade. I term. 
 
 LESSON iO. 
 
 In conducting this lesson follow suggestions from the foregoing 
 lesson. 
 
 If you desire to present this lesson on some holiday, arrange this 
 lesson in the following order: — 
 
 a. Exercise No. 1, simultaneously. 
 
 b. Exercise No. 2, even numbered aisles begin with L. leg, and odd 
 numbered aisles begin with R. leg; then reverse. 
 
 c. Exercise No. 3, even numbered aisles begin L., odd numbered 
 aisles begin R.; then reverse. 
 
 d. Exercise No. 4, even aisles L., odd aisles R. ; then reverse. 
 
 e. Exercise No. 5, even aisles L., odd aisles R. ; then reverse. 
 /. Exercise No. 1, simultaneously. 
 
112 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 1. Touchstep forw. L. and hands on hips — 1! Lunge forw. L. and 
 straighten arms forw. — 2! Touchstep backw. L. and arms circle overh. 
 — 3! Lunge forw. L. and arms forw. — 4! Touchstep forw. L. and hands 
 on hips— 5! Pos.— 6! Begin! 1—2—3—4—5—6 etc. Same, but with 
 R. leg. 
 
 2. Touchstep backw. L. and hands on hips — 1! Lunge forw. L., 
 straighten arms diagonally, trunk turned slightly R., head moved in 
 direction of upper L. hand — 2! Change bent leg, bend trunk backw. and 
 arms in circle upw. — 3! Second movement — 4! First movement — 5! Pos. 
 — 6! Begin! Same, but begin with the R. leg. 
 
 3. Touchstep forw. L. and hands on hips — 1! Lunge backw. L. and 
 arms in circle overh. — 2! One-fourth turn L. (turn on heels), change 
 bent leg, bend trunk forw. and fold arms forw. — 3! Second movement — 
 4! First movement — 5! Pos. — 6! Same, but begin with R. leg, and one- 
 fourth turn R. 
 
 4. Cross-touchstep forw. L. and hands on hips — 1! Lunge sidw. L. 
 and straighten arms diagonally, head turned in direction of upper hand, 
 the L. — 2! Change bent leg, bend trunk sidw. L., R. arm in semi-circle 
 overh., L. hand on hip and head turned in direction of L. foot — 3! Sec- 
 ond movement — 4! First movement — 5! Pos. — 6! Same, but begin 
 with R. leg, and bend trunk sidw. R. 
 
 5. Cross-touchstep forw. L. and hands on hips — 1! Lunge forw. L. 
 and straighten arms outw. — 2! One-fourth turn R. (turn on heels), change 
 bent leg and arms in circle overh. — 3! Second movement — 4! First 
 movement — 5! Pos. — 6! Same, but begin with the R. leg, and the one- 
 fourth turn to your L. 
 
 6. "March" as last lesson. 
 
THIRD "TERM. 
 
 ALL GRADES. 
 
 This term's work will consist mainly of review work from the fore- 
 going terms, which work will be assigned to the teachers according to 
 conditions, by the Supervisor of Physical Training. The new ideas herein 
 represented are in accordance with the warm weather. The first idea 
 is: — 
 
 a. Place two counts on every movement, that would be for an exer- 
 cise of two movements — 4 counts, for an exercise of four movements — 8 
 counts, emphasizing the odd numbers, that would be the moment of ac- 
 tivity. Of course this does not refer to marching exercises which will be 
 conducted in the usual time and count. The above mode of conducting 
 the work will not be carried on in the two lower grades. 
 
 h. The other idea is, combining the free-gymnastics with marching 
 exercises, either in unlimited or limited time. In the so-called limited 
 time, placing two counts on every movement in free-gymnastics, will bring 
 these exercises in proper rhythm with the marching exercises. 
 
 Read under the heading of "Special Points for Teachers" "In Warm 
 Days," Page— 9. rf 1 
 
 We have prepared four original lessons for the last few weeks in this 
 term for each two grades combined. 
 
 The command — "Begin," which is given in the first two exercises 
 of each lesson, should without fail be used throughout the lessons. 
 
 I AND II GRADES. 
 
 IN TERM. 
 
 Review work from foregoing terms, in the first part of this term. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 1. Even numbered aisles about — Face! Raise arms forw. — 1! Down 
 -2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 2. Clap hands overh. — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 3. Aisles forw. to your L. — March! 
 
 (After marching for about 8 — 16 steps, command: Class — Halt!) 
 
 4. Bend trunk forw. and touch floor with finger-tips — 1! Straighten 
 -2! 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. and fold arms forw. — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 6. Forw. to your L. — March! 
 (See exercise 3.) 
 
114 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CUJ/rURE. 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 8. Place hands on shoulders with clapping— 1! Down — 2! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Bend knees — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 
 10. Raise heels with clapping hands in fron' — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 11. L. leg forw. — Raise! (Toes should point downw.) Bend L. foot 
 (toes up) — 1! Straighten L. foot (toes down) — 2! Leg — Down! Same, 
 but R. foot. 
 
 12. Forw. to your L. and stop when you get to your seats — March! 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. "March"; see lesson 10, I term, III grade. 
 
 2. After marching forw. about 16 counts in above drill give command 
 to stop. — Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On hips 
 —2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 3. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. March through the aisles — March! (After 16 steps command) — 
 Class— Halt! 
 
 5. Bend trunk sidw. L. — 1! Straighten — 2! Same, but bend R. 
 
 6. March through the aisles and clap hands on the first count of each 
 four counts — March! (After the 12th or 16th step, stop.) 
 
 7. Place hands on shoulders — 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 8. Straighten arms downw.— 1! On hips — 2! 
 
 9. March through the aisles — March! (Now while class is marching 
 give command — Heels — Up! That means to walk on toes, then change 
 command to — Heels — Down! That is, common walk.) Class — Halt! 
 
 10. Bend head backw. — 1! Raise — 2! Same, but forw. 
 
 11. Straighten arms upw. and clap hands overh. — 1! On hips — 2! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 12. March through the aisles to your seats — March! 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. Even aisles (boys) L. about — Face! (See march in last lesson. 
 — March always about 16 steps, then command — Halt! and take up next 
 exercise.) Forw. through the aisles — March! 
 
 2. Clap hands twice and place on shoulders quickly — 1! Hands 
 down— 2! Begin! 1—2—1—2 etc. 
 
 3. Raise arms in circle overh. and raise heels — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Raise shoulders and place hands under same — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 5. Forw. through the aisles with clapping hands four counts, and 
 four counts without clapping hands — March! (Teacher should emphasize 
 the first four counts and also clap hands; the last four counts the teacher 
 should count softly.) 
 
 6. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk forw. and clap hands in front 
 — 1! Straighten— 2! 
 
 7. Bend trunk backw. and clap hands in front — 1! Straighten — 2! 
 Hands — Down! 
 
 8. March through the ^lisles with clapping hands four counts, and 
 four counts without clapping hands — March! 
 
 9. Raise arms forw. and bend knees — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 
 10. Raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! 
 
 11. "March" the same as exercise 8, but to their seats and stop. 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. II5 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. Even aisles L. about — Face! (March as in last lesson.) 
 
 2. Arms forw.— Fold! Fold arms backw. — 1! Fold arms forw. — 2! 
 Begin! 1 — 2 — 1 — 2 etc. ArmS' — Down! 
 
 3. Hands on shoulders — 1! Down — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. Forw. through the aisles — March! Heels — Up! Heels — Down! 
 (See exercise 9, in Lesson 2.) 
 
 5. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2!, 
 
 6. Straighten arms downw. — 1! On shoulders — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 7. March through the aisles as in exercise 4 — March! 
 
 8. Move shoulders forw. — 1! Backw. — 2! 
 
 9. Hands on hips — Place! Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! Same, 
 but R. leg. 
 
 10. Bend knees and clap hands in front — 1! Return — 2! 
 
 11. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms upw. — 1! On 
 shoulders — 2! Hands — Down! 
 
 12. "March" as in lesson 3, exercise 5. — To your seats — March! 
 
 Ill AND IV GRADES. 
 
 Ill TERM. 
 
 LESSON U 
 
 Review work from foregoing terms in the first part of this term. 
 
 1. Even numbered aisles about — Face! (See lesson 5, IH grade, 
 I term.) Mark time — March! Aisles, forw. to your L. — March! Class — 
 Halt — ! (In general, march for about 16 counts.) 
 
 2. Hands on hips — Place! Straighten arms forw. and clap hands — 
 1! On hips — 2! Straighten arms outw. — 3! On hips — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 
 —3—4 etc. 
 
 3. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! Straighten downw. 
 backw. — 3! On hips — 4! Begin! Hands — Down! 
 
 4. Forw. — March! Class — Halt! 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Raise heels and clap hands overh. — 1! 
 Return — 2! Bend knees — 3! Straighten — 4! 
 
 6. Straighten L. arm upw. — 1 ! L. hand on hip and straighten R. 
 arm upw. — 2! 
 
 7. Forw. — March! 
 
 8. Bend trunk backw. and clap hands in front — 1! Return— 2! Bend 
 trunk forw. — 3! Straighten — 4! 
 
 9. Straighten arms upw. — 1! On hips — 2! Straighten outw. — 31 
 On hips — 4! 
 
 10. Forw.— March! 
 
 11. Raise L. leg forw. — 1! Down — 2! R. leg forw. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 12. Forw. to your seats — March! 
 
116 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE^. 
 
 LESSON 2, 
 
 See "March" in lesson 7, III grade, I term. 
 
 1. (Give the entire march, 16 counts.) Forw. — March! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. and clap hands — 1! Down — 2! Raise 
 arms forw. — 3! Down — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 3. Raise L. arm forw. overh. — 1! L. arm down and raise R. arm 
 forw. overh. — 2! Begin! 
 
 4. (Give the first half of the march, 8 counts.) Forw. — March! Class 
 facing the opposite direction. 
 
 5. Hands on hips — Place! Bend trunk sidw. L.^1! Straighten — 2! 
 Bend R. — 3! Straighten — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 6. Place hands on shoulders with a quick clap — 1! Down — 2! 
 Raise arms forw. overh. — 3! Down — 4! 
 
 7. Give the last half of the march, 8 counts. Forw. — March! Class 
 facing front. 
 
 8. Arms backw. — Fold! Raise L. knee forw. — 1! Down — 2! R. 
 knee forw. — 3! Down — 4! Arms — Down! 
 
 9. Raise L. arm outw. overh. — 1! L. arm downw. and raise R. arm 
 outw. overh. — 2! 
 
 10. The entire march, in 16 counts. Forw. — March! 
 
 11. Raise L. arm forw. overh. — 1! Down — 2! Raise R. arm forw. 
 overh.- — 3! Down — 4! Raise both arms forw. overh. — 5! Down — 6! 
 
 12. Hands on hips — Place! Touchstep forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! 
 Touchstep forw. R. — 3! Return — 4! 
 
 LESSON 3* 
 
 1. Hands on hips with clapping — Place! Arms forw. — Straighten! 
 Hands on shoulders — Place! Arms forw. — Straighten! Arms to thrust 
 — Bend! Arms downw. backw. — Thrust! Hands on shoulders — Place! 
 L. arm outw. — Straighten! L. hand on shoulder and R. arm outw. — 
 Change ! — Change ! — Change ! — Change ! Arms — Down ! 
 
 2. Hands on shoulders with clapping — Place! Straighten arms upw. 
 — 1! On shoulders — 2! Straighten downw. backw. — 3! On shoulders — 
 4! Begin! 1—2—3 — 4 etc. Hands — Down! 
 
 3. See "March," lesson 12, III grade, I term. March!— Repeat! 
 
 4. Hands on shoulders and touchstep sidw. L. — 1! Pos. — 2! Hands 
 on shoulders and touchstep sidw. R. — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 5. Turn trunk L. and place hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! Turn 
 R. and place hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 6. Repeat March! 
 
 7. Hands on shoulders — Place! Straighten arms forw. and touch- 
 step forw. L. — 1! Return — 2! Straighten forw. and touchstep forw. R. 
 —3! Return— 4! 
 
 8. Straighten arms upw. and raise heels — 1! Return — 2! Fold arms 
 forw. and bend knees — 3! Return — 4! Hands — Down! 
 
 9. Arms forw. — Raise! Arms outw. — Swing! Hands on shoulders 
 — Place! On hips — Place! Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Repeat March! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. II7 
 
 LESSON 4, 
 
 1. "March." See lesson 10, III grade, I term. March forw. eight 
 counts with clapping hands — March forw. eight counts — March! (Repeat 
 every exercise several times in succession.) 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels, four times, eight counts 
 — March forw. eight counts — Begin! 
 
 3. Raise arms forw. and bend knees, four times, eight counts — 
 March forw. eight counts. 
 
 4. Fold arms forw. and bend trunk forw., four times, eight counts — 
 March forw. eight counts. 
 
 5. Bend trunk backw. and raise arms upw., four times, eight counts 
 — March forw. eight counts. 
 
 6. Raise arms forw. and L. lower leg backw., raise arms forw. and 
 R, lower leg backw., four times, eight counts — March forw. eight counts. 
 
 7. Raise arms forw. overh. and L. lower leg backw., raise arms forw. 
 overh. and R. lower leg backw., four times, eight counts — March forw. 
 eight counts. 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. and raise heels, four times, eight counts — March 
 forw. eight counts. 
 
 9. Fold arms forw. and bend knees, four times, eight counts — March 
 forw. eight counts. 
 
 10. March forw. to your seats. 
 
 The above order of conducting the v/ork is what we call limited time. — 
 Unlimited time we would term when the class is called to halt at any mo- 
 ment the teacher chooses, regardless of whether the class has been execut- 
 ing the march 8 or 20 steps, or the free-gymnastic movements 4 or 12 
 times. It should be understood that the teacher should also make use of 
 conducting the exercises in unlimited time. 
 
 V AND VI GRADES. 
 
 ill TERM. 
 
 Review work from foregoing terms, in the first part of this term. 
 
 LESSON \. 
 
 1. "March"; see lesson 5, V grade, I term. Forw,. — March! After 
 class has finished second part of this march, and returned to their starting 
 place in b. Class — Halt! 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Pos. — 2! Raise 
 arms forw. and bend knees — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 1 — 2 — 3 — 4 etc. 
 
 3. Lunge sidw. L. and hands on shoulders — 1! Pos. — 2! Lunge 
 sidw. R. and hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! Begin! 
 
 4. Finish the march until class faces front at end of the fourth part, 
 in d.— March! 
 
 6. Bend trunk backw. and raise arms upw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend trunk 
 forw. and place hands on hips — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
118 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 6. Raise arms oiitw. overh. and raise heels — 1! Pos. — 2! Bend 
 knees and raise arms outw. — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 7. March as in exercise No. 1 — Forwd. — March! 
 
 8. Touchstep sidw. L. and raise arms forw. overh. — 1! Pos. — 2! 
 Lunge sidw. L. and hands on shoulders — 3! Pos, — 4! 
 
 9. Touchstep sidw. R. and raise arms forw. — 1! Pos. — 2! Lunge 
 sidw. R. and hands on shoulders — 3! Pos. — 4! 
 
 10. March as in exercise No. 4 — March! 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. The class should first advance the few necessary steps as in 
 "March," see lesson 13, V grade, I term. Hands on hips — Place! 
 Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. L. — 1 — 2! Return — 3 — 4! 
 Straighten arms forw. and bendkneestep forw. R. — 5—6! Return — 7 — 8! 
 Repeat from 9 — 16! 
 
 2. Mark time and L. about face, 8 counts — March forw. 8 counts 
 in all 16 counts — March! 
 
 3. Hands behind head and bend trunk sidw. L. — Return — Hands 
 behind head and bend trunk sidw. R. — Return — (Two counts on each 
 movement.) Repeat! 16 counts. 
 
 4. Mark time and L. about face, in 8 counts — March forw. 8 counts 
 —March! 
 
 5. Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. L. — Return — 
 Straighten arms outw. and bendkneestep sidw. R. — Return — (Two counts 
 on each movement.) Repeat! 16 counts. 
 
 6. March as in exercise No.- 2 — March! 
 
 7. Sraighten arms upw. and raise L. leg backw. — Return — Straighten 
 arms downw. backw. and bendkneestep backw. L. — Return — Straighten 
 arms upw. and raise R. leg backw. — Return — Straighten arms downw. 
 backw. and bendkneestep backw. R. — Return — (Two counts on each 
 movement.) 16 counts. 
 
 8. March as in exercise No. 4 — March! 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 1. "March"; see lesson 10, III grade, I term. Forw. — March! After 
 marching forw. for about 16 or 20 steps command, Class — Halt! 
 
 2. Repeat exercise No. 1. lesson 1, II term, VI grade. 
 
 3. Repeat exercise No. 2, from same lesson, term and grade. 
 
 4. Forw. — March ! 
 
 5. Repeat exercise No. 3, lesson 1, II term, VI grade. 
 
 6. Repeat exercise No. 4, from same lesson, term and grade. ' 
 
 7. Forw.— March! 
 
 8. Repeat exercise No. 6, from lesson 1, II term, VI grade. 
 
 9. Forw. to your seats — March! Mark time — March! Class — Halt! 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CULTURE. 119 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 1. ''March"; see lesson 10, III grade, I term. March forw. 16 counts, 
 (the 16th count should always be the closing step.) 
 
 2. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep forw. L. — Return — Raise 
 arms iorw. and lunge forw. L. — Return — Raise arms forw. overh. and 
 touchstep forw. R. — Return — Raise arms forw. and lunge forwj R. — Re- 
 turn — (Two counts on each movement.) 16 counts. 
 
 3. Continue exercises No. 1 and 2 several times in successive order 
 before stopping class; teacher should always count in each part from 1 — 
 16, emphasizing always counts 1 and 16. 
 
 4. March as in exercise No. 1. for 16 counts. 
 
 5. Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and arms in circle upw. — Return — 
 Bend trunk obi. backw. R. and arms in circle upw. — Return — Bend trunk 
 obi. forw. L. and fold arms backw. — Return — Bend trunk obi. forw. R. 
 and fold arms backw. — Return — (Two counts on each movement.) 16 
 counts. 
 
 6. Continue exercises No. 4 and 5 in the same order as in exercise 
 No. 3. 
 
 7. March as in exercise No. 1, for 16 counts. 
 
 8. Raise arms forw. overh. and touchstep backw. L. — Return — Raise 
 arms in circle overh. and lunge backw. L. — Return — Raise arms forw. 
 overh. and touchstep backw. R. — Return — Raise arms in circle overh. 
 and lunge backw. R. — Return— (Two counts in each movement.) 16 
 counts. 
 
 9. Continue exercises No, 7 and 8 in the same order as in exercise 
 No. 3. 
 
 10. To your seats — March! ]\Iark time — March! 
 
 While the exercises in lesson 3 are arranged in unlimited order, 
 class may be called to stop at any time; lesson 4 is arranged in limited or- 
 der, which order can easily be accompanied by music which will make 
 the lesson so much more attractive to pupils. 
 
 VII AND VIII GRADES. 
 
 Ill TERM 
 
 Review work from ^'oregoing terms, in the first part of this term. 
 
 LESSON L 
 
 1. ""March"; see lesson 10, III grade. I term. Forw. — March! After 
 continuing the march for about 16 to 20 steps, command. Class — Halt! 
 
 2. Hands on hips — Place! Bendkneestep forw. L. and straighten 
 arms forw.— 1! Closestep L. and raise arms overh. — 2! First movement 
 — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Begin! Same, but bendkneestep R. 
 
 3. '"March" as in exercise No. 1. 
 
 4. Bendkneestep backw. L. and straighten arms upw. — 1! Closestep 
 L. and arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but 
 bendkneestep R. 
 
120 MANUAL OP PHYSICAL CULTURE. 
 
 5. "March" as in exercise No. 1. 
 
 6. Hands behind head and stride pos. forw. L. — 1! Bend trunk forw. 
 — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos,--4! Feet change place — 1 — 2! Re- 
 peat same exercise. 
 
 7. Hands behind head and stride pos. backw. L. — 1! Bend trunk 
 backw. — 2! First movement — 3! Strt. pos. — 4! Feet change place — 1 — 2! 
 Repeat same exercise. 
 
 8. "March" as in exercise No. 1. 
 
 9. Bendkneestep backw. L. and straighten arms downw. backw. (obi.) 
 — 1! Bendkneestep forw. L. and arms forw. — 2! First movement — 3! 
 Strt. pos. — 4! Same, but bendkneestep R. Hands — Down! 
 
 10. Forw. to your seats — March! Mark time — March! Class — Halt! 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 1. "March"; see lesson 10, III grade, I term. March forw. 16 counts 
 (the 16th count should always be the closing step.) 
 
 2. Touchstep forw. L. and place hands on shoulders — Lunge forw. 
 L. and straighten arms obi. forw. up — First movement — Pos. — Touchstep 
 forw. R. and hands on shoulders — Lunge forw. R. and straighten arms 
 obi. forw. up — Touchstep forw. R. and hands on shoulders — Pos. — (Two 
 counts on each movement.) 16 counts. 
 
 3. Continue exercises No. 1 and 2 in successive order several times 
 before stopping class; teacher should always count in each part from 1 to 
 16, emphasizing always counts 1 and 16. 
 
 4. "March" as in exercise No. 1 for 16 counts. 
 
 5. Hands on hips and bend trunk obi. forw. L. — Bend trunk obi. 
 backw. R. and straighten arms upw. — First movement — Pos. — Hands on 
 hips and bend trunk obi. forw. R. — Bend trunk obi. backw. L. and 
 straighten arms upw.- — Hands on hips and bend trunk obi. forw. R. — 
 Pos. — (Two counts on each movement.) 16 counts. 
 
 6. Continue exercises No. 4 and 5 in the same order as in exercise 
 No. 3. 
 
 7. "March" as in exercise No. 1 fcr 16 counts. 
 
 8. Touchstep backw. L. and hands on shoulders — Lunge backw. L. 
 and straighten arms upw. — First movement — Pos. — The same, but touch- 
 step and lunge R. — (Two counts on each movement.) 16 counts. 
 
 9. Continue exercises No. 7 and 8 in the same order as in exercise 
 No. 3. 
 
 10. Forw. to your seats — March! Mark time — March! Class — Halt! 
 
 While the exercises in lesson 1 are arranged in unlimited order, class 
 may be called to stop at the will of teacher. Lesson 2 is arranged in 
 limited order, which order can easily be accompanied by music, which will 
 make the lesson so much more attractive to pupils. The following ex- 
 ample lessons, 3 and 4, will also be arranged in limited time: — 
 
 LESSON 3* 
 
 "March"; see lesson 5, VII grade, I term. The march consists of 82 
 steps, counts, so we divide this drill into First part, 16 counts, and Sec- 
 ond part, 16 counts, in all, 32 counts.— The 16th count should always be 
 the closing step in the "First part" as also in the "Second part." 
 
MANUAL OF PHYSICAL (!UI/rURE. 121 
 
 a. Stride' pos. torw. L. and hands on hips— Bend L. knee and 
 straighten arms forw. — First movement— Pos. — The same, but stride pos. 
 forvv. R. and bend R. knee. ..- (Two counts on each movement.) 16 
 counts. 
 
 1. First part of march 16 counts 
 
 Exercise a 16 
 
 Second part' of march •. 16 "' 
 
 Exercise a 16 
 
 Continued in successive order 64 counts 
 
 b. Stride pos. sidw. L. and arms in circle overh. — Bend trunk sidw. 
 L.^First movement — Pos.^^-^Stride pos. sidw. R. and arms circle overh. — 
 Bend trunk sidw. R. — Straighten trunk— Pcs; — 16" counts. 
 
 2. First part of march. 16- counts 
 
 Exercise b 16 
 
 Second part of march 16 
 
 Exercise b 16 
 
 Continued 64 counts 
 
 c. Stride pos. backw. L. and hands on hips — Bend L. knee and 
 straighten arms upw.— ^First movement — Pos. — Stride pos. backw. R. and 
 hands on hips — Bend R. knee and straighten arms downw. backw. — Stride 
 pos.: backw. R. and hands on hips — Pos. — (Two counts on each move- 
 ment.) 16 counts. 
 
 8. First part of march 16 counts 
 
 Exercise c 16 
 
 Second part of march 16 '' 
 
 Exercise c 16 " 
 
 Continued ()4 counts 
 
 d. Stride pos. forw. L. and hands on hips — Bend knees (both) and 
 straighten arms obi. forw. upw. — First movement — Pos.— Stride pos. 
 forw. R. and hands on hips — Raise heels and straighten arms upw. — Lower 
 heels to stride. pos. forw. R. and hands on hips — Pos. — (Two counts on 
 each movement.)- 16 -counts. ■■ '. 
 
 4. First part of march 16 counts 
 
 Exercise d 16 
 
 Second part of march 16 
 
 Exercise d 16 
 
 Continued 64 counts 
 
 LESSON 4. 
 
 "March.'" This march is a continuation of the one from the forego- 
 ing lesson, only the class is arranged in a different order, before attempt- 
 ing the march. For proper explanation see lesson 13, VII grade. I term. 
 The class being prepared, we execute the "First part" of this march, then 
 the selected exercise, "Second part" of march, and repeat the selected 
 exercist. each 16 counts. 
 
 I 
 
122 MANUAL OF PHYSICAL CITLTITRE. 
 
 a. Raise L. leg forw. and hands on shoulders — Bendkneestep backw. 
 L. and straighten arms upw. — First movement— Pes. — Raise R. leg forw. 
 and hands on shoulders — Bendkneestep backw. R. and straighten arms 
 upw. — Raise R. leg forw. and hands on shoulders — Pos. — (Two counts 
 on each movenaent.) 16 counts. 
 
 1. First part of march 16 counts 
 
 Exercise a 16 
 
 Second part of march 16 
 
 Exercise a ^ 16 
 
 Continued 64 counts 
 
 b. Touchstep backw. L. and arms forw. in circle overh. — Hands on 
 hips and bend trunk forw. — First movement — Pos. — Touchstep forw. 
 R. and arms outw. — Bend trunk backw. and arms in circle upw. — 
 Touchstep forw. R. and arms outw. — Pos. — (Two counts on each move- 
 ment.) 16 counts. 
 
 2. First part of march 16 counts 
 
 Exercise b. 16 
 
 Second part of march , 16 " 
 
 Exercise b 16 " 
 
 Continued 64 counts 
 
 e. Raise L. leg forw. crosswise and arms forw. overh. — Bendkneestep 
 sidw. L. and arms sidw. L. — First movement — Pos. — Raise R. leg forw. 
 crosswise and arms forw, overh. — Bendkneestep sidw. R. and arms sidw. 
 R.— Raise R. leg forw. crosswise and arms forw. overh. — Pos. — (Two 
 counts on each movement.) 16 counts. 
 
 8. First part of march •. 16 counts 
 
 Exercise c '. 16 
 
 Second part of march 16 " 
 
 Exercise f 16 " 
 
 Continued ■. 64 counts 
 
 d. Touchstep backw. L. and arms circle overh. — Lunge forw. L. and 
 arms diagonally, trunk turned slightly to the R., head moved backw. so 
 face will come in line with upper hand, the L. — First movement — Pos. — 
 The same, but touchstep and lunge R. — (Two counts on each movement.) 
 16 counts. 
 
 4. First part of march 16 counts 
 
 Exercise d 16 " 
 
 Second part of march 16 '' 
 
 Exercise d 16 *' 
 
 Continued 64 counts 
 
MANUAL 
 
 OF 
 
 Physical Culture 
 
 FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS 
 
 ARRANGED BY 
 
 ANTON IvEIBOLD 
 
 Supcfvisor of Physical Training;, Public Schools 
 Columbus, Ohio 
 
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