Glass. 
 Book. 
 
 E7Q) 
 
 DlL 
 
 \ 
 
 GIVEN BY 
 
 FOUNDED MDCCCXCVIII 
 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 
 
 Class 
 
 Book Vol 
 
 The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 
 
 
aj i: x i c o 
 
 Tour 
 
 OF 
 
 THE PRESIDENT 
 
 TO THE 
 
 PACIFIC COAST, 
 
 APRIL 14th to MAY 15th. 
 1891. 
 
Our President 
 
 From the Atlantic to the Pacific 
 
 1891 
 
E.70I 
 
 COPYRIGHTED BY 
 HUDSON-KlMBERLY PUB. Co., KANSAS ClTY, Mu. 
 
 1891 
 
 By Transfer 
 D. C. Public Library 
 OCT 1 5 1934 
 
 PRINTED AND ELECTROTYPED BY 
 HL'DSON-KIMyF.VI Y 1'1'B. CO. 
 
ta 
 
 
 To 
 
 Mrs. Benj. Harrison 
 
 To whom a soverign people have accorded the title of 
 " The First Lady of the Land," and who so gracefully, 
 yet with simplicity, fills her exalted position— typical 
 of the noble wives and mothers of this the most favored 
 of lands— this volume is respectfully dedicated. 
 
INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 A presidential outing appeals strongly to American 
 patriotism. The recent tour of President Harrison from 
 the Atlantic to the Gulf and the Pacific evoked such 
 genuine enthusiasm throughout the entire country, 
 covered, that cities vied with each other to make their wel- 
 comes warmer — their receptions memorable days — and a 
 peace loving people laid flowers and garlands in bewild- 
 ering profusion at the feet of the Chief Magistrate; child- 
 ren showered roses upon him, while fathers and mothers 
 testified by word and action their profound respect for 
 the Man and the President. 
 
 To this generous and spontaneous outpouring of per- 
 sonal and public good will, Mr. Harrison responded in 
 many thoughtful, considerate and timely speechae, worthy 
 of a President and a Statesman. 
 
 Within thirty days one hundred and forty speeches 
 and short addresses were made by Mr. Harrison and this 
 tax upon the mental resources and endurance of the 
 
6 INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 President is probably without a parallel in the history of 
 any of his predecessors. 
 
 The principal speeches delivered are contained in this 
 little volume and are largely gleaned from the reports 
 published by the Daily Press throughout the section 
 visited. 
 
 The presidential party, consisting of the President and 
 Mrs. Harrison, Mrs. McKee, Mrs. Dimmick, Mr. and 
 Mrs. Russell Harrison, Postmaster-General Wanamaker, 
 Secretary Rusk, Marshal Ransdell, Mr. and Mrs. George 
 W. Boyd, E. F. Tibbott, the President's stenographer, 
 Major Sanger, of the army, and representatives of the 
 press associations, left Washington at midnight April 14th 
 and returned on schedule time, May 15th. 
 
 Kansas City, June, 1891. 
 
IJlDEX. 
 
 Page 
 
 Roanoke, Va 9 
 
 Bristol, Tenn 1 1 
 
 Knoxville, Tenn 13 
 
 Johnson City, Tenn 16 
 
 Jonesboro, Tenn 19 
 
 Greeneville, Tenn 20 
 
 Morriston, Tenn 21 
 
 Chattanooga, Tenn • 23 
 
 Atlanta, Ga 27 
 
 Anniston, Ala 29 
 
 Birmingham, Ala 3 1 
 
 Tallapoosa, Ga 3 6 
 
 Memphis, Tenn 3 s 
 
 Little Rock, Ark 43 
 
 Palestine, Tex 44 
 
 Houston, Tex 4 6 
 
 Galveston, Tex 49 
 
 San Antonio, Tex 57 
 
 El Paso, Tex 62 
 
 Indio, Cal . 66 
 
 Colton, Cal 68 
 
 Pomona, Cal 70 
 
 L,os Angeles, Cal 7° 
 
 San Diego, Cal 75 
 
 Pasadena, Cal 81 
 
 Santa Barbara, Cal. 83 
 
 Santa Paula, Cal 87 
 
 Bakersfield, Cal 89 
 
 Tulare, Cal . ... 9° 
 
 Fresno, Cal 92 
 
 Merced, Cal 93 
 
 San Francisco Cal 94-106-124 
 
 San Jose Cal 98 
 
 Monterey, Cal Joo 
 
INDEX, 
 
 Santa Cruz, Cal 102 
 
 Los Gatos, Cal 104 
 
 Sacramento, Cal "& 
 
 Benecia, Cal 124 
 
 Red Bluff Cal 126 
 
 Redding, Cal 127 
 
 Medford, Ore 128 
 
 Albany, Ore 13° 
 
 Salem, Ore 131 
 
 Portland, Ore 134 
 
 Tacoma. Wash ..- 138 
 
 Seattle, Wash 141 
 
 The Dalles, Ore 145 
 
 Boise City, Ida ... 146 
 
 Pocatello, Ida • •- . 148 
 
 Salt Lake City, Utah 150 
 
 Glenwood Springs, Col 154 
 
 Leadville Col 159 
 
 Pueblo, Col ■ 162 
 
 Colorado, Springs, Col , 166 
 
 Denver, Col 170 
 
 Omaha, Neb 178 
 
 Hannibal, Mo 185 
 
 Springfield 111 186 
 
 Decatur, 111 191 
 
 Xenia , Ohio 193 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind I9 6 
 
 Washington , D. C *99 
 
OUR PRESIDENT 
 
 FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC. 
 
 ROANOKK, VIRGINIA. 
 
 APRII, 14. 
 
 The Presidential train arrived at this thriv- 
 ing town at 8:50 this morning, having made the 
 run from Washington on exact schedule time. 
 There were no special incidents on the route. 
 The reception at Roanoke was most enthusi- 
 astic. The President shook hands with many 
 hundred people from the rear platform, and in 
 response to repeated demands, made a short 
 speech. The entire population of the place 
 seemed to have gathered at the station, and as 
 many of them as could do so embraced the op- 
 portunity to shake hands with the President. 
 
 The President spoke as follows : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — I desire to thank you for this 
 friendly greeting. The State of Virginia is, for personal 
 
10 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 reasons, entitled, I think, to be placed high in the roll 
 of our states for its great history and the contributions 
 it has made to the history of the whole nation. 
 
 For personal reasons I can never fail in affection 
 for the state of my father. I am glad to be here this 
 morning to congratulate you upon the marvelous devel- 
 opment which is going to lead the great commonwealth. 
 You not only have an illustrious start behind you, but 
 you have before you prospects of development in ma- 
 terial growth, in wealth and prosperity and all that 
 makes a great state such as could never have entered in- 
 to the imagination of those who laid the foundation of 
 this great commonwealth. [Applause.] I think all of 
 you are aroused now to the realization of the benefits of 
 diversified industries. 
 
 In the olden times Virginia was a plantation state. 
 I hope she may never cease to have agriculture for the 
 foundation of statehood, but I rejoice with you that she 
 has added to agriculture the production of coal, the de- 
 velopment of iron, and by combining iron and coal is 
 now working products that enter into all the uses of life. 
 
 It is out of this bringing together these diversified 
 industries that you are achieving a great growth, as is 
 wonderfully illustrated in what I see about me here to- 
 day, and have a future which none of us can fully realize. 
 In all of these things we have a common interest. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 I beg to assure you this beautiful morning, person- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 11 
 
 ally and officially, that in everything that tends to pro- 
 mote the stability of your government, the social order 
 of your people, the development and increased prosperity 
 of the state of Virginia that I am in hearty sympathy 
 with you. [Applause and prolonged and loud cheering.] 
 
 BRISTOL, TENNESSEE). 
 aprii, 14. 
 
 At 2 p. m. Mr. Harrison was escorted to a 
 convenient place overlooking the Front Street 
 park and was introduced by Judge W. B. Wood. 
 In a firm, clear voice which characterizes his 
 delivery, he addressed the immense concourse as 
 follows : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — I have found] not only pleas- 
 ure, but instruction, in riding to-day through a portion 
 of the state of Virginia that is feeling in a very striking 
 way the impulse of a new development. It is extremely 
 gratifying to notice that those hidden sources of wealth 
 which were so long unobserved and so long unused are 
 now being found; and that these regions, once so retired, 
 occupied by a pastoral people having difficult access to 
 the centers of manufacturing and of commerce. In the 
 early settlement of this country the emigrants poured 
 over the Alleghanies and the Blue Ridge like waters over 
 
12 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 an obstructing ledge, seeking the fertile and attractive 
 farm regions of the great west. They passed unobserved 
 these marvelous hidden stores of wealth which are now 
 being brought into use. Having filled those great basins 
 of the west, they are now turning back to Virginia and 
 West Virginia and Tennessee to bring about a develop- 
 ment and production for which the time is ripe, and 
 which will surprise the world. [Cheers.] It has not been 
 long since every implement of iron, domestic, agricul- 
 tural and mechanical was made for you in other states. 
 The iron point of the wooden mold-board plow with 
 which the early farmers here turned the soil, came from 
 distant states. But now Virginia and Tennessee are 
 stirring their energies to participate, in a large degree, in 
 mechanical productions and in the great awakening of 
 American commerce and American influence which will 
 lift the country to a position among the nations of the 
 world never before attained. [Cheers.] What hinders 
 us, secure in the market of our own great population, 
 from successful competition in the markets of the world? 
 What hinders that our people, possessing every element 
 of material wealth and endowed with inventive genius 
 and energy unsurpassed, shall again have upon the seas 
 a merchant marine flying the flag of our country and 
 carrying its commerce into every sea and every port? 
 
 I am glad to stand for this moment among you, glad 
 to express my sympathy with you in every enterprise 
 that tends to develop your states and local communities ; 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 13 
 
 glad to stand with you upon the same common platform 
 of respect to the constitution and the law, differing in 
 our policies as to what the law should be, but pledged 
 with a common devotion to obedience to the law, as the 
 majority shall by their expressions make it. 
 
 I shall carry away from here a new impulse as a cit- 
 izen with you of a country whose greatness is only dawn- 
 ing. And may I now express the pleasure I shall have 
 in every good that can come to you as a community and 
 to each of you as individuals. May peace, prosperity 
 and social order dwell in all your communities and the 
 fear and love of God in every home. [Cheers.] 
 
 KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRII, 14. 
 
 The President and party were escorted 
 through the almost impassable crowd to the car- 
 riages in waiting, and were driven to the high- 
 est point on Fort Sanders. 
 
 Alighting from their carriages, the majority 
 of the party made a cursory inspection of the 
 famous battlefield by the light of the fast-fading 
 day. 
 
 Carriages were again entered and the party 
 were driven to the Hattie House, from the bal- 
 
14 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 cony of which the President was introduced to 
 a vast audience by Col. W. A. Henderson. 
 
 PRESIDENT HARRISON'S SPEECH. 
 
 Fellow Citizens: — It gives me great pleasure to 
 visit this historical city, a city that has given to the coun- 
 try many men who have been eminent in its counsels, 
 and have brought to the nation they served and to the peo- 
 ple who called them into public service imperishable hon- 
 or. I am glad to visit East Tennessee, the scene of that 
 early immigration and of those early settlements by men 
 whose vigor of intellect, strength of heart and devotion 
 to representative principles were among the most con- 
 spicuous of the early pioneers of the West and South- 
 west. I am glad to know that those traditions of liberty, 
 that devotion to the cause of the Union which mani- 
 fested itself in the early contributions of Tennessee to 
 the armies that went forth from the homes of the North- 
 west and North, like the steel in these valleys shed its 
 glorious luster over the hill-tops of the Alleghanies. 
 
 You are feeling now a material development that has 
 become characteristic of all the states. I beg to say to 
 you that whoever supposes that there is anywhere in the 
 Northern States any jealousy of this great material pro- 
 gress in the South, wholly misconceives the friendly heart 
 of the people of the North. This is my wish, as I am 
 sure it is that of all with whom I associate in political 
 life, that the streams of prosperity in the South may run 
 
TO THE PA CIFIC. 15 
 
 "bank-full with any and everything that may promote the 
 prosperity of the State, the security and comfort of the 
 community and the happiness of the individual home, 
 your blesssings may be full and unstinted. 
 
 We live in a government of law ; the compact of our 
 organization is that a majority of our people, taking those 
 majorities which are prescribed by the constitution and 
 the law, shalljdeter mine' our public policies and choose our 
 rulers. That is our solemn compact. It cannot be safely 
 broken. We may safely differ about policies, we may 
 safely differ upon the question of what should be the law, 
 but when the law is once enacted no community can 
 divide upon the question of implicit obedience to the law. 
 It is the one rule of conduct for us all. I may not choose, 
 as President, what laws I will enforce, and the citizen 
 may not choose what laws he will obey. Upon this broad 
 principle our institutions rest. 
 
 Therefore, all my appeal everywhere I look into 
 the faces of my fellow citizens, is to hold up in ven- 
 eration and reverence the law of the United States and 
 of the State where you reside, each in its appropriate 
 sphere. We have no other king, we bow the knee to no 
 potentate. Public officers are your servants, but in the 
 august and majestic presence of the law we all uncover 
 and bend the knee. 
 
 May every prosperity attend you ; may this ground, 
 made memorable by one of the most gallant assaults and 
 by one of the most successful defenses in the history of 
 
16 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 the war, never again be stained by blood, but our people 
 in one common love of one flag and one constitution, in 
 a common and all-pervading fealty to the principles of 
 our government, come on to join in weal, in social devel- 
 opment, and piety — in everything that makes a nation 
 great and the people happy ; all that the Lord has in 
 His mind for a nation that He has conspicuously blessed. 
 
 JOHNSON CITY, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRIIy 14. 
 
 There were about three thousand persons, in- 
 cluding many Grand Army men, gathered 
 around a gaily decorated stand in the public 
 square. 
 
 Representative Taylor introduced the Presi- 
 dential visitors to the people, when the Presi- 
 dent spoke as follows : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens :— The oflice of President of 
 the United States, if one of very high honor, is also one 
 of very high responsibility. No man having conscien- 
 tiously at heart the good of the whole people, whose in- 
 terests are under the law in some degree committed to 
 himself, can fail to feel a most oppressive sense of inade- 
 quacy when he comes to the discharge of these high 
 functions. Elected under a system of government which 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 17 
 
 gives to the majority of our people expressing their wishes 
 through constitutional methods the right to choose their 
 public servants, when he has taken the oath that inducts 
 him into office he becomes the servant of all the people, 
 and while he may pursue the advocacy of those measures 
 to which the people have given their approval, he should 
 always act and speak with a reserve and a respect for the 
 opinions of others that shall not alienate him from the 
 good will of his fellow-citizens without regard to politi- 
 cal belief. I shall not speak of what has been done. I 
 have a supreme regard for the honor of the nation, a pro- 
 found respect for the constitution, and a most sincere 
 desire to meet the great expectations of my fellow citi- 
 zens. I am not one of those who believe that the good 
 of any class can be permanently and largely attained 
 except upon lines which promote the good of all our peo- 
 ple. I rejoice in the union of the States. I rejoice to 
 stand here in East Tennessee among a people who so 
 conspicuously, and at such sacrifice, during the hour of 
 the nation's peril stood by the flag, and adhered to their 
 convictions of public duty (cheers), and I am especially 
 glad to be able to say that those who following other 
 views of duty took sides against us in that struggle, with- 
 out division in voice or heart, to-day praise Almighty 
 God that He preserved us one nation. There is no man, 
 whatever his views upon the questions that then divided 
 Us, but in view of the marvelous benefits which are dis- 
 seminating themselves over these States, must also bless 
 
18 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 God to-day that slavery no longer exists, and that the 
 union of the States is indissoluble. ( Cheers.) What is 
 it that has stirred up the pulses of this great region, that 
 has kindled these furnace fires, that has converted these 
 retired and isolated farms upon which you and your an- 
 cestors dwelt into busy marts of trade and mechanical 
 pursuits, bringing the market close to the door of the 
 farmer and bringing prosperity into every home ? It is 
 that we have no line of division between the States. It 
 is that those impulses of freedom and enterprise once 
 limited in their operations are now common to all the 
 states. We have a common heritage. The Confederate 
 soldier has a full, honorable and ungrudged participation 
 in all the benefits of a great and just government, I do 
 not doubt but that these same men would follow the 
 starry flag if assailed from any quarter. ( Cheers.) Now 
 all my fellow countrymen, I can pause but a moment 
 with you. It does me good to look into your faces, to 
 receive these evidences of } T our good will. I hope I may 
 have the guidance and courage in such time as remains. 
 to me in public life conscientiously to serve the public 
 good and common glory of our beloved country. 
 [ Cheers.] 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 19< 
 
 JONESBORO, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRIL 14. 
 
 The President made an address from the rear 
 platform of the train. 
 The President said : 
 
 The Scripture speaks, I think — my Postmaster-Gen 
 eral is near, and if I fall into error will correct me [laugh- 
 ter ] — of a time when the old things shall pass away and 
 all things shall become new. Tennessee is realizing that 
 beatitude, and steep mountain roads have passed away 
 and the steam-car has come. The old times of isolation 
 in these valleys, when these pioneers, some of whom I 
 see, made their frontier home, have passed away and in- 
 fluences from the outside have come. Life has been made 
 easier to men and easier to the toiling women who used 
 to carry the water from the spring at the bottom of the 
 hill in a piggin, but now by modern appliances have it 
 brought into the kitchen. You nave come to know now 
 that not only the surface of the soil has wealth in it, but 
 that under the surface there are vast sources of wealth 
 to gladden the homes of j^our people, and to bring with 
 new industries a thrifty population. But of all these old 
 things that have passed away and the new ones that have 
 come, I am sure you are exultingly glad in this region, 
 where there was so much martyrdom for the flag, sa 
 much exile, so much suffering, that the one Union, the 
 one Constitution, and the one Flag might be preserved,, 
 
20 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 to know that those old strifes have passed away, and that 
 a period of fraternity has come, when all men are for 
 the Flag, and all for the Constitution, when it has been for- 
 ever erased from the minds of the people that this Union 
 can be dissolved or this Constitution overthrown. [ Great 
 cheering.] On all these new things I congratulate the 
 people of Tennessee. Turn your faces to the morning, 
 for the sun is lighting the hill-tops ; there is coming to 
 our country a great growth, an extraordinary develop- 
 ment, and you are to be full participants in it all. We 
 have here prodigious resources that are yet to be touched 
 by the finger of development, and we have the power, if 
 we will, to put our flag again upon the sea and to share 
 in a world's commerce. [ Cheers.] 
 
 GREENEVILLE, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRIL 14. 
 
 The home of Andrew Johnson was specially 
 cordial in its welcome to the Presidential party, 
 a feature being the display of flags. 
 
 The President said: 
 
 I rejoice to see in the hands of the children here that 
 banner of glory which is the symbol of our greatness and 
 the promise of our security. I am glad that by the com- 
 mon consent of all our people, without any regard to past 
 -differences, we have once and forever struck hands upon 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 21 
 
 the proposition that there shall be one flag and one con- 
 stitution. [ Great cheering.] This city has given to the 
 country a conspicuous illustration in your distinguished 
 former fellow-citizen, Andrew Johnson, of what free in- 
 stitutions may do, and what an aspiring young man may 
 do against all adverse conditions in life. 
 
 MORRISTOWN, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRIIv 14. 
 
 At Morristown, the patriotic people of that 
 live town and of Hamblen, Cocke, Grainger and 
 Jefferson counties had assembled in vast num- 
 bers, and were enthusiastic to a high degree. 
 
 The President spoke as follows : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — It will not be possible for 
 me to speak to you for more than a moment, and yet I 
 cannot refuse, in justice to my own feelings, to express 
 my deep appreciation of your cordial reception. I visit 
 to-day for the first time East Tennessee, but yet it is a 
 region in which I have always felt a profound interest, 
 and for whose people I have always entertained a most 
 sincere respect. It seems to be true in the history of 
 man that those who are called to dwell among mountain 
 peaks, where the convulsions of nature have lifted the 
 rocks toward the sky, have always been characterized by 
 
22 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 a personal independence of character, by a devotion to 
 liberty and by courage in defense of their rights and their 
 homes. The legends that cluster about the mountain 
 peaks of Scotland, and the patriotic devotion that makes 
 venerable the passes of Switzerland, have been fulfilled 
 in the mountains of Bast Tennessee. In those periods 
 of a great struggle, when communications were difficult 
 and often interrupted, the hearts of the people of Indiana 
 went out to these beleaguered friends of the Union beyond 
 the Cumberland Gap. I am glad to know that it is not 
 as difficult to reach you for succor, or for friendly ex- 
 change, or social intercourse as it was in those trou- 
 blous times. Some one mentioned just now that it was 
 only four hours and a half from Chattanooga to Atlanta. 
 That is not my recollection. ( Laughter.) I think we 
 spent nearly as many months getting there. ( Laugh- 
 ter.) Travel has been quickened and made easy. I am 
 glad to know now, by the consent of all our people, with- 
 out regard to the differences that separated you then, 
 that your highways are open to us all without prejudice, 
 that your hearts are true to the Union and the Constitu- 
 tion, and that the high sense of public duty which then 
 characterized you still abides among your people. May 
 your valleys always be full of prosperity, your homes the 
 abode of affection, and of all that makes the American 
 home the best of all homes and the sure nursery of good 
 citizens. (Cheers.) 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 
 
 When he had finished speaking an old gray- 
 headed man stepped np to the platform and 
 reached ont his hand : 
 
 "Mr. President, I was with yon on that trip 
 to Atlanta. I was on the other side, and I want 
 to take yon by the hand." The President gave 
 him a hearty shake, and the little scene brought 
 forth ronnds of applanse. A large nnmber of 
 old ex-Confederates witnessed the scene. 
 
 CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRIL IS- 
 
 When the Presidential train arrived, fully 
 three thousand people were assembled at the 
 station. The streets of the city were crowded, 
 surrounding towns liberally contributing to the 
 throng. The gaily decorated electric cars rap- 
 idly conveyed the party to the incline at the 
 foot of historic Lookout Mountain. 
 
 The party remained a few moments on the 
 mountain, as the day was especially desirable 
 for a grand view. With few exceptions the 
 business houses along the line of the President's 
 
24 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 route were handsomely decorated, flags and 
 bunting floating from every window, and drawn 
 up in line upon McCallie Avenue, the main res- 
 idence street, were thousands of school-children, 
 waving flags as a welcome. 
 
 President Harrison was introduced by Hon. 
 H. Clay Evans, and was greeted by deafening 
 cheers. 
 
 The President said : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — I have greatly enjoyed the op- 
 portunity of seeing Chattanooga again. I saw it last 
 as the camp of a great army. Its only industries were 
 military, its stores were munitions of war, its pleasant 
 hill-tops were torn with rifle-pits, its civic population the 
 attendants of an army campaign. I see it to-day a great 
 city, a prosperous city. To-day I see these hill-tops, then 
 bristling with guns, crowned with happy homes ; I see 
 these streets, through which the worn veterans of many 
 campaigns then marched, made glad with the presence 
 of happy children. Everything is changed. 
 
 The wand of an enchantress has touched these hills, 
 and old Lookout, that frowned over the valley from 
 which the plow had been withdrawn, now looks upon 
 the peaceful industries of country life. All things are 
 changed, except that the flag that then floated over Chat- 
 tanooga floats here still. [ Cheers.] It has passed from 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 25 
 
 the hands of the veterans who bore it to victory in bat- 
 tle into the hands of the children, who lift it as an em- 
 blem of peace. [ Cheers.] Then Chattanooga was war's 
 gateway to the South ; now it is the gateway to peace, 
 commerce and prosperity. [ Cheers.] 
 
 There have been two conquests — one with arms, the 
 other with the gentle influence of peace— and the last is 
 greater than the first. [ Cheers.] The first is only great as 
 it made way for that which followed ; and now, one again 
 in our devotion to the constitution and the laws ; one again 
 in the determination that the question of the severance 
 of the Federal relations of these states will never again 
 be raised, we have started together upon a career of pros- 
 perity and development that has as yet given only the 
 signs of what is to come. 
 
 I congratulate Tennessee, I congratulate all those 
 who through this gateway give and receive the inter- 
 change of friendly commerce, that there is being wrought 
 throughout our country a unification by commerce, a 
 unification by similarity of institutions that shall in time 
 erase every vestige of difference, and shall make us, not 
 only in contemplation of the law, but in heart and sym- 
 pathy, one people. • 
 
 I thank you for your cordial greeting to-day, and 
 hope for the development of the industries of our country 
 and for the settling of our institutions upon the firm base 
 of a respect for the laws. In this glad spring-time, while 
 the gardens are full of blossoms and the fields give the 
 
26 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 promise of another harvest, and your homes are full of 
 happy children, let us thank God for what He has 
 wrought for us as a people, and each in our place reso- 
 lutely maintain the great idea upon which everything is 
 builded — the rule of the majority, constitutionally ex- 
 pressed, and the absolute equality of all men before the 
 law. [ Cheers.] 
 
 The trip from Chattanooga to Atlanta was 
 made over trie Western & Atlanta road. There 
 were many historical scenes along the route 
 from Chattanooga to Atlanta. These included 
 the battle fields of Chickamauga, Tunnel Hill, 
 Resaca, Dug Gap, Kenesaw and Peach Tree 
 Creek. Short stops w r ere made at each of these 
 places, and the President shook hands with a 
 large number of people. It was at Resaca that 
 Gen. Harrison led the charge against the Con- 
 federate battery, in which he lost nearly half his 
 
 regiment. 
 
 Among other places visited were Ringgold 
 and Dalton. 
 
 At Cartersville the President spoke as follow : 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 27 
 
 CARTERSVILLE, GEORGIA. 
 
 APRII, 15. 
 
 My Friends: — I have had great pleasure to-day in 
 passing over some parts of the old route that I took once 
 before under very different and distressing circum- 
 stances, to find how easy it is, when we are all agreed, 
 to travel between Chattanooga and Atlanta. I am glad 
 to see the evidences of prosperity that abound through 
 your country, and I wish you in all your relations every 
 human good. [Cheers.] 
 
 ATLANTA, GEORGIA. 
 
 aprii, 15. 
 
 The Presidential party left Here this morn- 
 ing for Birmingham, Alabama, by way of the 
 Georgia Pacific Railroad, at 9 o'clock. A great 
 crowd assembled at the station, and lond calls 
 were made for a speech from the President, to 
 which he responded briefly, thanking the people 
 of Atlanta for the cordiality of their reception 
 of him. Postmaster-General Wanamaker also 
 spoke for a few minntes. As the train left the city 
 the Atlanta Artillery, the crack military organ- 
 ization of the city, fired a salnte, and the Presi- 
 dential special was on its way to Birmingham. 
 
28 FROM THE A TLA N TIC 
 
 The following is the address made by the 
 President : 
 
 My Fellow Citizeyis: — I desire in parting from you 
 to give public expression of my satisfaction and enjoy- 
 ment in the brief visit to Atlanta. I saw this city once 
 under circumstances of a very unfavorable character. I 
 didn't think then I would like it, although we were mak- 
 ing a great effort to get it. [Laughter.] I am glad after 
 all these years to see the great prosperity and develop- 
 ment that has come to you. I think I am able to under- 
 stand some of the influences that are at the bottom of it 
 all, and I am sure I look into the face of a community 
 that, whatever their differences may have been, however 
 reviewed the question of the war when it was upon us, 
 can have but one thought now as to what was best. We 
 can all say of the confederate soldier, who carried a gun 
 for what seemed to him to be right, that the L,ord knew 
 better than any of us what was best for the country and 
 for the world. You are thankful for what he has wrought, 
 and chiefly for the emancipation. It has opened up to 
 diversified industries these states that were otherwise 
 exclusively agricultural, and made it possible for you 
 not only to raise cotton, but to spin and weave it, and has 
 made Georgia such a state as it could not have been un- 
 der the old conditions. I am sure we now have many 
 common purposes, and as God shall give us the power to 
 see the truth and the right let us do our duty, and while 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 29 
 
 exacting all our own rights let us bravely and generously 
 give to every other man his equal rights before the law. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 ANNISTON, ALABAMA. 
 
 APRII, 16. 
 
 Half the population of the city were in and 
 about the station, while several military com- 
 panies, a great number of school children and a 
 negro lodge were lined up by the side of the 
 track. 
 
 After the Mayor, who had accompanied the 
 party from Atlanta, had introduced the Presi- 
 dent, addresses of welcome were made by ex- 
 Lieut. Governor McElroy and W. A. Stevens, a 
 colored citizen. 
 
 The President, standing, responded as 
 follows : 
 
 Gentlemen and Fellow Citizens : — I very much regret 
 that I am able to make so little return for this cor- 
 dial manifestation of your respect and friendship, and 
 yet, even in these few moments which I am to spend 
 with you, I hope I shall gather and possibly be able to 
 impart some impulse that may be mutually beneficial. I 
 
30 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 am glad to see the great development which is taking 
 place in the mineral regions of the Southern States. I 
 remember well as a boy, resident upon one of the great 
 tributaries of the Mississippi, how the great agricultural 
 products of these states, the corn and provisions raised 
 upon the fertile acres of the Ohio and Mississippi Val- 
 leys, were raised in the South. The South was then 
 essentially a plantation region, producing one or two 
 great staples that found a ready market in the world ; 
 but dependent for all its implements of industry and its 
 domestic utensils, even, upon the States of the North. 
 I am glad all this is is changed; that you are realizing 
 the benefits of a diversified agriculture, and that the pro- 
 duction upon these farms of these staples which you once 
 bought elsewhere is largely increased, and I am glad 
 that to diversified agriculture you have also added the 
 great mercantile pursuits which have brought into your 
 communities artisans and laborers, who take from adja- 
 cent farms the surplus of your fertile lands. [ Cheers.] 
 There has been received in the South since the war 
 not less than $8,000,000,000 for cotton, and while I 
 rejoice in that, I am glad to know that in the mineral 
 region there are nearly 100,000 acres devoted to raising 
 watermelons. [ daughter.] No farmer — certainly no 
 planter in the olden time — would have consented to sell 
 watermelons. You are learning that things that were 
 small and despised have come to be great elements in 
 your commerce. Now your railroads make special pro- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 31 
 
 vision for the transportation of a crop which, in the ag- 
 gregate, brings large wealth to your people. I mention 
 this as a good illustration of the changing condition into 
 which you are entering. 
 
 You are realizing the benefits of home markets for 
 what you produce, and I am sure you will unite with me 
 in those efforts which we ought to make, not only to fill 
 our own markets with all that this great nation of sixty- 
 five millions needs, but to reach out to other markets 
 which enter into competition with the world for them. 
 [ Cheers.] We shall do so, and with all this mechanical 
 and commercial development we shall realize largely that 
 condition of unification of heart and interests to which 
 those who have spoken for you have so eloquently 
 alluded. [ Cheers.] 
 
 And now, wishing that every expectation of all who 
 are interested in this enterprising young city may be 
 realized, that all your industries may be active and profit- 
 able, I add the wish that those gentler and kindlier agen- 
 cies of the school and church, of a friendly, social life, 
 may always pervade and abide with you as a community. 
 [ Cneers.] 
 
 BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA. 
 
 APRII, 16. 
 
 Booming of cannon and snouting from thou- 
 sands of throats greeted the appearance of the 
 
32 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 President and party on the platform of the train. 
 A temporary stand had been erected in the sta- 
 tion, and to this the President was escorted. 
 Governor Jones, on behalf of the State, elo- 
 quently and feelingly welcomed the President 
 to Alabama. Mayor Lane spoke in behalf of 
 the city, to which the President responded as 
 follows : 
 
 Gov. Jones, Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens: — The noise 
 of your industries will not abate, I fear, sufficiently to 
 enable me to make myself heard by many in this im- 
 mense throng that has gathered to welcome us. I judge 
 from what we have seen as we neared your station that 
 we have here at Birmingham the largest and most enthu- 
 siastic concourse of people that has met us since we left 
 the national capital. [ Great and prolonged cheering.] 
 For all this I am deeply grateful. The rapidity with 
 which we must pursue this journey will not allow us to 
 look with any detail into the great enterprises which 
 cluster about your city, but if we shall only have oppor- 
 tunity to stop for a moment, to look at these friendly 
 faces and listen to these friendly words we shall carry 
 away that which will be invaluable, and I trust, by friend- 
 ly exchange of greetings, may leave something to you 
 that is worth leaving. [ Cheers.] 
 
 I have read of the marvelous developments which in 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 33 
 
 the last few years have been stirring the solitude of 
 these Southern mountains, and I remember to-day that 
 not so many years after the war, when I had resumed 
 my law practice at Indianapolis, I was visited by a gen- 
 tleman known, I suppose, to all of you, upon professional 
 business. Ke came to me to pursue a collection claim 
 against a citizen of Indianapolis, but he seemed to be 
 bent more on talking about Birmingham than anything 
 else. [Laughter and cheering.] That man was Col. 
 Powell, one of the early promoters of your city. [Cheers.! 
 I listened to his story of marvelous wealth of iron and 
 coal that was stored in this region, of their nearness to 
 each other and to the limestone necessary for smelting ; 
 to his calculations as to cheapness with which iron could 
 he produced here, and his glowing story of the great city 
 that was to be reared, with a great deal of incredulity. 
 I thought he was a visionary, but I have regretted ever 
 since that I did not ask him to pay my fee in town lots 
 in Birmingham, [daughter and cheers.] 
 
 My countrymen, we thought war calamitous, and so 
 it was. Destruction of life and of property was great, 
 sad beyond expression ; and yet we can see now that 
 God led us through that Red Sea to development in ma- 
 terial prosperity and to fraternity that was not otherwise 
 possible. [ Cheers.] Industries that have called to your 
 midst many leading men are always and everywhere con- 
 comitants of freedom. Out of all this freedom from the incu- 
 bus of slavery the South has found a new industrial birth. 
 
34 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 Once almost wholly agricultural, you are now not less 
 fruitful in crops, but you have added all this. [ Cheers.] 
 You have increased your production of cotton, and you 
 have an added increase in ten years of nearly three hun- 
 dred per cent to the production of iron. You have pro- 
 duced three-fourths of the cotton crop of the world, and 
 it has brought you since the war about $8,000,000,000 of 
 money to enrich your people, but as yet you are spinning 
 in the South only eight per cent, of it. Why not, with 
 the help we will give you in New Kngland and the 
 North, spin it all ? [ Cheers.] Why not, while supplying 
 sixty-five millions of people, reach out and take a part 
 we have not had in the commerce of the world ? [Cheers.] 
 I believe we are now to see a renaissance in American 
 prosperity, and an upbuilding of your American merchant 
 marine. I believe that these Southern ports that so 
 favorably look out with invitations to the states of Cen- 
 tral and South America, shall yet see our fleets carrying 
 the American flag and products of Alabama to the mar- 
 kets of South America. [ Great cheering.] In all this 
 we are united. We may differ as to methods, but if you 
 will permit I will give you an illustration to show how 
 we have been dealing with this shipping question. I 
 can remember when no wholesale merchant ever sent a 
 drummer into the field. He said to his customers : 
 " Come to my store and buy ; " but competition increased. 
 Enterprising merchants started out men to secure cus- 
 tomers, and this fellow merchant was put to the choice 
 
TO THE PA CI Fit . 35 
 
 of putting men into the field or going out of business. 
 It seems to me that whatever we may think of the policy 
 of aiding steamships, since every other great nation does 
 it, we must do it or go out of the business ; for we have 
 already pretty much gone out. [ Cheers.] 
 
 I am glad to reciprocate with the very fullness of my 
 heart every fraternal expression that has fallen from the 
 lips of these gentlemen who have addressed me in your 
 behalf. I have not been saved from mistakes ; probably 
 I shall not be. I am sure of but one thing : I can 
 declare that I have singly at heart the glory of the Amer- 
 ican nation and the good of all its people. [ Great and 
 prolonged cheering.] 
 
 I thank these companies of the State militia, one of 
 whom I recognize as having done me the honor to attend 
 the inaugural ceremonies, for their presence. They are 
 deserving (to the Governor) of your encouragement and 
 that of the State of Alabama ; they are the reserved army 
 of the United States. It is our policy not to have a large 
 regular army, but to have a trained military that in any 
 exigency will move to the defense of the country ; and if 
 that exigency shall ever arise, which God forbid, I know 
 that you will respond as quickly and readily as any other 
 state. [Cheers.] 
 
 The Governor.— -You will find all Alabama at your 
 back, sir. [Continued cheering.] 
 
 I am glad to know, in addition to all this business, 
 that you are doing, or attending to education and to those 
 
36 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 things that conduce to social order. The American home 
 is one thing we cannot afford, to lose out of American 
 life. As long as we have pure homes and God fearing, 
 order-loving fathers and mothers, who rear children that 
 are given to them, and make these homes abodes of 
 cleanliness, piety and intelligence, American society and 
 the Union are safe. [ Great and continued applause.] 
 
 TALLAPOOSA, GEORGIA. 
 aprii, 16. 
 
 A large assemblage of citizens and scnool 
 children which had gathered abont Tallapoosa 
 Hotel and the gronnds opposite, were made 
 aware of the approach of the President's train 
 by the blowing of steam whistles in the " Man- 
 ufacturing District," and the Trombone Band 
 playing the "Hornpipe Polka," and as the train 
 came to a stand the Tallapoosa Brass Band 
 struck up with "Hail to the Chief." 
 
 Mayor Head welcomed the President to 
 Tallapoosa. 
 
 The President spoke as follows : 
 
 Fellow Citizens: — This large assemblage of people 
 from this new and energetic city is very pleasant, and 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 37 
 
 I thank you for the welcome that it implies. All of 
 these evidences of extending industry are extremely 
 pleasing to me as I observe them ; they furnish employ- 
 ment to men ; they imply comfortable homes, contented 
 families, a safe social organization, and are the strength 
 of the nation of which we are a part. I am glad to see 
 these enterprises that are taking the ores from the earth 
 and adapting them to the uses of civilization have not 
 been started here unaccompanied by that more important 
 work, the work of gathering the children into the schools 
 and instructing them that they in their turn may be use- 
 ful men and women. [Applause.] 
 
 I am glad to greet these little ones this morning ; it 
 is a cheerful sight. We are soon to lay down the work 
 of life and the responsibilities of citizenship. These 
 mothers are soon to quit the ever recurring and never- 
 ending work of the home and give it into new hands. 
 It is of the utmost consequence that these little ones be 
 trained in mind and taught the fear of God and benevo- 
 lent regard for their fellow man in order that their lives 
 and social relations may be peaceful and happy. We are 
 citizens of one country, having one flag and one destiny. 
 We are starting upon a new era of development, and I 
 hope this development is to keep place and to be the pro- 
 moting cause of a very perfect unification of our people. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 We have a Government whose principles are very 
 simple and very popular. The whole theory of our in- 
 
38 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 stitutions is, that pursuing those election methods which 
 we have prescribed under the Constitution, every man 
 shall exercise freely the rights that the suffrage law con- 
 fides to him, and the majority, which if it has expressed 
 its will, shall conclude the issue for us all. There is no 
 other foundation. This was the enduring base upon 
 which the fathers of our country placed our institutions. 
 Let us always keep them there. Let us press the de- 
 bate in our campaigns as to what the law should be ; but 
 let us keep faith and submit with the deference and re- 
 spect which is due to the law when once enacted. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 The development which is coming to you in these 
 regions of the South is marvellous. In ten years you in- 
 creased your production of iron about 300 per cent, — 
 nearly a million and a quarter of tons — and you have on- 
 ly begun to open these mines and to put these ores to the 
 process of reduction. Now I want to leave this thought 
 with you : In the old plantations of the South 3 t ou got 
 everything from somewhere else. Why not make it 
 yourselves? [Cheers.] 
 
 MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE. 
 
 APRIL 17. 
 
 At trie Merchants Exchange, fronting on 
 Conrt Sqnare, which was massed with people, 
 the President was introdnced to the assembled 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 39 
 
 crowd by Mayor Clapp, who welcomed him on 
 behalf of the city. 
 
 In responding to the welcoming speech^ the 
 President said : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — The name of the city of Mem- 
 phis was familiar to me in my early boyhood. Born 
 and reared upon one of the tributaries of the great river 
 upon which your city is located, these river marts of 
 commerce were the familiar trading points of the farmers 
 of the Ohio Valley. I well remember, when on the 
 shores of my father's farm, the old Broad Horn was 
 loaded from the hay press and the corn crib to market 
 with the plantations along the Lower Mississippi. I re- 
 member to have heard from him, and the neighbors 
 who constituted the crew of those pioneer crafts of river 
 navigation, of the perils of these great waters, of the 
 snags and soyers and caving banks of the lower Missis- 
 sippi. In those times these states were largely supplied 
 with grain and forage from the Northwestern States. 
 Here you were giving your attention to one or two great 
 staple products, for which you found a large foreign mar- 
 ket. I congratulate you that the progress of events has 
 made you not less agricultural, but has diversified your 
 agriculture so that you are . not now wholly dependent 
 upon these great staples for the income of yoai farms. 
 It is a great thing that you are now raising more wheat, 
 more corn, more hogs and cattle ; that you are now 
 
40 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 raising potatoes and watermelons and cabbage. [Cheers.] 
 The benefits of this diversification are very great, and 
 the change symbolizes more than we at first realize. 
 This change means that we are now coming to under- 
 stand that meanness cannot be predicted of any honest 
 industry. I rejoice that you are adding to diversified 
 agriculture diversified manufacturing pursuits ; that you 
 are turning your thought to compressing and spinning 
 cotton as well as raising it. I know no reason why these 
 cotton states that produce 75 per cent of the cotton of 
 the world, should not spin the greater portion of it. I 
 know no reason why the}' should export it as raw ma- 
 terial rather than as a manufactured product, holding in 
 their midst the profits of this transformation of the raw 
 material to the finished product. [Applause.] I hope 
 it may be so. I see evidences that the people are turning 
 their attention to new industries, and are bringing into 
 the midst of these farming communities a large popula- 
 tion of artisans and laborers, to consume at your own 
 doors the product of your farms. I am glad that a lib- 
 eral Government is making this great waterway to the 
 sea safe and capable of an uninterrupted use. I am glad 
 that it is here making the shores of your own city con • 
 venient and safe, and that it is opening, north and south, 
 an uninterrupted and cheap transportation for the pro- 
 ducts of all these lands that lie along this great system 
 of rivers. I am glad that it is bringing you in contact 
 with ports of the Gulf that look out with near and invit- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 41 
 
 ing aspects toward a great trade in South America that 
 we shall soon possess. I am glad to believe that these 
 great river towns will speedily exchange their burdens 
 with American ships at the mouth of the Mississippi, to 
 be transported to foreign ports under the flag of our own 
 country. [Great cheering.] 
 
 MAJORITY RTJI.K. 
 
 This Government of ours is a compact of the people 
 to be governed by a majority expressing itself by lawful 
 methods. [Cheers.] Everything in this country is to 
 be brought to the measure of the law. I propose no 
 other rule, either as an individual or as a public officer. 
 I can not in any degree lay down this rule [Cries of "No,, 
 no," and cheers.] without violating my official duty- 
 There must be no other supremacy than that of lawful 
 majorities. Therefore I think, while I realize and sym- 
 pathize with your difficulties, we must all come out at 
 last to this conclusion, that the supremacy of the law is 
 the one supremacy in this country of ours. [Cheers.] 
 
 Now, my fellow citizens, I thank you for this warm 
 and magnificent demonstration of your respect, accept- 
 ing cordially the expression of the chief of your city 
 government that you are a sincere, earnest, patriotic, de- 
 voted people. I beg to leave with each of you the sug- 
 gestion that each in his place shall do what he can to 
 maintain social order and public peace ; that the laws 
 here and everywhere shall be between the well-disposed 
 
42 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 and the ill-disposed. The efforts of speech to this im- 
 mense throng is too great for me. I beg to assure you 
 that I carry from the great war of sentiment, no sen- 
 timent of ill will to any. [Cheers.] I am glad that 
 the Confederate soldier, confessing that defeat which 
 has brought him blessings that would have been impossi- 
 ble otherwise, has been taken again into full participa- 
 tion in the administration of the Government ; that no 
 penalties, limitations or other inflictions rest upon him. 
 I have taken, and can always take, the hand of a brave 
 Confederate soldier with confidence and respect. [Great 
 cheering.] I would put you under one yoke only, and 
 that is the yoke that the victors in that struggle bore 
 when they went home and laid off their uniforms— the 
 yoke of the law and the obligation always to obey it. 
 [Cheers.] Upon that platform, without distinction be- 
 tween the victors and the vanquished, we enter together 
 upon possibilities as a people that we cannot overesti- 
 mate. I believe this nation is lifting itself to a new life ; 
 that this flag shall float on unfamiliar seas, and that this 
 coming prosperity will be equally shared by all our peo- 
 ple. [Prolonged cheering.] 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 43 
 
 LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS. 
 
 APRII, 17. 
 
 The President and party received a cordial 
 welcome at the State House, where a formal ad- 
 dress was made by Governor Eagle. 
 
 The President, responding, said : 
 
 Gov. Eagle and Fellow Citizens: — No voice is large 
 enough to compass this immense throng. But my heart 
 is large enough to receive all the gladness and joy of 
 your great welcome here to-day. [Applause.] I thank 
 you one and all for your presence, for the kind words of 
 greeting which have been spoken by your Governor, and 
 for these kind faces turned to me. In all this I see a 
 great fraternity ; in all this I feel new impulses to a bet- 
 ter discharge of every public and every private duty. I 
 cannot but feel that in consequence of this brief contact 
 with 3 t ou to-day, I shall carry away a better knowledge 
 of your State, its resources, its capabilities, and of the 
 generous warm-heartedness of its people. We have a 
 country whose greatness this meeting evidences, for 
 there are here assembled masses of independent men, 
 The commonwealth rests upon the free suffrage of its 
 citizens, and their devotion to the constitution and flag 
 is the bulwark of its life. [Cheers.] We have agreed, I 
 am sure, that we will do no more fighting among our- 
 selves. [Cries of "Good ! good !" and cheers.] I may say 
 to you confidentially that Senator Jones and I agreed 
 
44 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 several years ago, after observing together the rifle prac- 
 tice at Fort Snelling, that shooting had been reduced to 
 such accuracy that war was too dangerous for either of 
 us to engage in it. [Laughter and cheers.] But, my 
 friends, I cannot prolong this talk. Once already to-day 
 in the dampness of this atmosphere I have attempted to 
 speak, and therefore you will allow me to conclude by 
 wishing your state, for its Governor and all its public 
 officers, for all its citizens without exception, high or 
 humble, the blessing of social order, peace and prosper- 
 ity, the fruits of intelligence and piety. [Great cheering.] 
 
 PALESTINE, TEXAS. 
 
 APRII, 18. 
 
 Governor Hogg delivered a short address of 
 welcome : 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen of the President- 
 ial Party: — Texas welcomes you and is proud 10 have 
 your visit. In the abundance of their generosity the 
 people all along your route through the state will give 
 you a friendly and enthusiastic greeting. Remembering 
 what you said the other day in Tennessee, we are pro- 
 foundly impressed with your visit. In the depths of my 
 heart I am proud that you have come South and to Tex- 
 as, and again, in behalf of a generous people, I welcome 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 45 
 
 you to every city, town and hamiet in the State, and we 
 guarantee to you and yours a just, honored and enthusi- 
 astic welcome and the best the land affords. 
 
 He then introduced the President, who spoke 
 as follows : 
 
 Governor Hogg and Fellow Citizens: — It gives me 
 pleasure to come, this fresh morning, into this state — a 
 kingdom without a king and an empire without an em- 
 emperor, a state gigantic in proportions, matchless in re- 
 sources, with diversified industries and infinite capacities 
 to sustain a tremendious population, and to bring to 
 every home where industry abides prosperity and com- 
 fort. Such homes, I am sure, are represented here this 
 morning— American homes, where the father abides in 
 respect and mother in deep love of children that sit about 
 firesides where all that makes for good is taught and the 
 first rudiments of obedience to law and order in relation 
 one to another are put into the young mind. Out of this 
 comes social order; on this rests the security of our 
 country. The home is the training school for American 
 citizenship. There we learn to defer to others ; selfish- 
 ness is suppressed by the needs of those about us. There 
 self-sacrifice and love, willingness to give ourselves for 
 others, are born. I thank you that so many of you have 
 come here this morning from such homes, and all of us 
 are thankful together that peace rests upon our whole 
 country. All of us have pledged ourselves that no sec- 
 
46 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 tional strife shall ever divide us, and that, while abiding 
 in peace with all the world, we are against all aggression, 
 one mighty, united people. [Cheers.] I desire to assure 
 my countrymen that in my heart I make no distinction 
 between states ; no distinction between our people any- 
 where. [Cheers.] I have a deep desire that everywhere 
 in all our states there shall be but profound respect for 
 the will of the majority, expressed by our methods, that 
 shall bring constant peace into all our communities. It 
 is very kind of you to come here this morning before 
 breakfast — perhaps you are initiating me into the Texas 
 habit ; is it so ? — of taking something before breakfast, 
 [daughter and cheers.] This exhilerating draught of 
 good will you have given me this morning will not, I 
 hope, disturb either my digestion or comfort during this 
 good day. [Cheers.] 
 
 HOUSTON, TEXAS. 
 
 APRII, iS. 
 
 Houston gave the President an enthusiastic 
 reception. Representative Stewart presented 
 the president from the balcony of the Capital 
 Hotel, and in response he spoke as follows : 
 
 My Fellcriu Citize?is: — Your faces all respond to the 
 words of welcome which have been spoken in your be- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 47 
 
 half. We have been not only pleased, but touched by 
 the delicate and kindly expressions of regard which we 
 have received since entering the state of Texas. I re- 
 mained up last night until after midnight that I might 
 not unconsciously pass into this great state, and I was 
 called very early from my bed this morning to receive a 
 draught of welcome before I had breakfasted, from an- 
 other Texas audience. You have a state whose great- 
 ness I think you have discovered. A stranger can hardly 
 hope to point out to you that which you have not already 
 known. Perhaps Virginia and Kentucky have been 
 heard to say more about their respective states than 
 Texas, but I think their voices are likely soon to be 
 drowned by the enthusiastic and affectionate claims 
 which you will present to the country for your great 
 commonwealth. [Cheers.] You have the resources in 
 some measure— in a great measure— of all the states 
 gathered within your borders ; a soil adapted to the pro- 
 duction of all the cereals and grasses, and to this you add 
 cotton, sugar and tobacco. You are very wisely diversi- 
 fying your crops, because the history of intelligent farm- 
 ing shows that as the crops are diversified the people 
 prosper. All is not staked upon the success of a single 
 crop. You do well, therefore, to raise cotton, sugar and 
 tobacco, and I am glad you are not neglecting cattle, 
 sheep, hogs, corn and all the cereals. We have been try- 
 ing to do what we could from Washington to make you 
 a larger and better market for your enormous meat pro- 
 
48 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 ducts. [Cheers.] We have felt that the restrictions im- 
 posed by some of the European Governments could not 
 fairly be justified upon the ground stated by them. Al- 
 ready the Secretary of Agriculture — himself a farmer 
 who has with his own hands wrought in all the work of 
 the farm — has succeeded in procuring the removal of 
 some of these injurious restrictions, and has announced 
 to the country that the exportation of cattle has increased 
 i oo per cent in the last year. [Cheers.] 
 
 I beg to assure you that these interests will have the 
 most careful attention from the Government at Wash- 
 ington and from our representatives at foreign ports. It 
 is believed that we have now, by legislation, a system of 
 sanitary inspection of our meat products that, when once 
 put in operation and examined by the European Gov- 
 ernment, will remove the last excuse for the exclusion 
 of our meats from these foreign states. Our time is so 
 limited that I can scarcely say more than "thank you." 
 We cannot at all repay you for this demonstration and 
 welcome, but let me say that in all your prosperity I 
 shall rejoice. I do desire that all our legislation and all 
 our institutions and the combined energies of all our peo- 
 ple shall work together for the common good of all our 
 states and of all our population. [Great cheering.] You 
 have great resources of a material sort, and yet above all 
 this I rejoice that the timely forethought of your public 
 men has provided an unexampled school fund for the 
 education of the children. These things that partake 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 49 
 
 of the life, that are spiritual, are better after all than the 
 material. Indeed there can be no true prosperity in any 
 state or community where they are not faithfully fostered. 
 Good social order, respect for the law, regard for other 
 men's rights, orderly, peaceful administration, are the 
 essential things in any community. 
 
 GALVESTON, TEXAS. 
 
 APRIIy 19. 
 
 At the Beach Hotel, President Harrison re- 
 sponded to the address of welcome by Gen. 
 
 Wane. 
 
 The storm of applause that bnrst when the 
 President concluded was treinendons. It was 
 the evidence of an enthusiasm that proved that 
 Galvestonians appreciated the distinguished hon- 
 or of entertaining the head of the General Gov- 
 ernment, and the kindly treatment of their city 
 at his hands. 
 
 The following is the President's speech: 
 My Fellow Citizens .—We close to-night a whole week 
 of travel, a whole week of hand-shaking, a whole week 
 of talking. I have before me ten thousand miles of hand- 
 shaking and speaking, and I am not, by reason of what 
 this week has brought me, in voice to contend with the 
 
60 FROM THE A TLA X TIC 
 
 fine but rather strong Gulf breeze which pours in upon 
 us to-night, and } 7 et it comes to me laden with the fra- 
 grance of your welcome. [ Cheers.] It comes with the 
 softness, refreshment and grace which has accompanied 
 all my intercourse with the people of Texas. [ Great 
 cheering.] The magnificent and cordial demonstration 
 which you have made in our honor to-day will always 
 remain a bright and pleasant picture in my memory. 
 [ Great cheers.] I am glad to have been able to rest my 
 eyes upon the city of Galveston. I am glad to have been 
 able to traverse this harbor, and to look upon that liberal 
 work which a liberal and united Government has inau- 
 gurated for your benefit and for the benefit of the North- 
 West. [ Great and prolonged cheers.] I have always 
 believed that it was one of the undisputed functions of 
 the general Government to make these great water-ways 
 which penetrate our country, and these harbors into 
 which our shipping must come to receive the tribute of 
 rail and river, safe, commodious and easy of access. This 
 ministering care should extend to our whole country, 
 and I am glad that, adopting a policy with reference to 
 the harbor work here at least, which I insisted upon in a 
 public message [great and prolonged cheering] the ap- 
 propriation has been made adequate to a diligent and 
 prompt completion of the work. [ Great cheering.] In 
 the past the Government has undertaken too many things 
 at once, and its annual appropriations have been so inad- 
 equate that the work of the engineers^ as much retarded, 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 51 
 
 and often seriously damaged, in the interval of waiting 
 for fresh appropriations. 
 
 It is a better policy, when a work has once been deter- 
 mined to be of national significance, that the appropria- 
 tion should be sufficient to bring it speedily, and without 
 loss, to a conclusion. [ Great cheering.] I am glad that 
 the scheme of the engineer for giving deep water to Gal- 
 veston is thus to be prosecuted. I have said that some 
 of our South Atlantic and Gulf ports occupy a most fa- 
 vorable position for the new commerce toward which we 
 are reaching out our hands, and which is reaching out 
 its hands to us. [ Great cheering .] I am an economist 
 in the sense that I would not waste one dollar of public 
 money, but I am not an economist in the sense that I 
 would leave incomplete or suffer to lag any great work 
 highly promotive of the true interests of our people. 
 [ Great cheering.] 
 
 RECIPROCITY. 
 
 We are great enough and rich enough to reach for- 
 ward to grander conceptions than have entered the minds 
 of some of our statesmen in the past. If you are content, 
 I am not, that the nations of Europe should absorb near- 
 ly the entire commerce of these near sister republics that 
 lie south of us. It is naturally in large measure ours 
 — ours by neighborhood, ours by nearness of access, 
 ours by that sympathy that binds a hemisphere without 
 a king. [ Great cheers.] The inauguration of the Pan- 
 American Congress, or more properly the American Con- 
 
52 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 ference, the happy conduct of that meeting, the wise and 
 comprehensive measures which were suggested by it, 
 with the fraternal and kindly spirit that was manifested 
 by our southern neighbors, has stimulated a desire in 
 them and in our people for a larger intercourse of com- 
 merce and of friendship. The provisions of the bill 
 passed at the last session looking to a reciprocity of 
 trade not only met with my official approval when I 
 signed the bill, but with my zealous promotion before the 
 bill was reported. [ Great and prolonged cheers.] Its 
 provision concerning reciprocity is that we have placed 
 upon our free list sugar, tea, coffee and hides, and have 
 said to those nations from whom we receive these great 
 staples : " Give us free access to your ports for an 
 equivalent amount of our produce in exchange, or we 
 will reimpose duties upon the articles named." The law 
 leaves it wholly with the Executive to negotiate these 
 arrangements. It does not need that they shall take the 
 form of a treaty. They need not be submitted for the 
 concurrence of the Senate. It only needs that we, hav- 
 ing made our offer, shall receive their offer in return ; 
 and when they have made up an acceptable schedule of 
 articles produced by us that shall have free access to 
 their ports a proclamation by the President closes the 
 whole business. [Cheers.] Already one treaty with 
 that youngest of the South- American republics, the Great 
 Republic of Brazil, has been negotiated and proclaimed 
 I think, without disclosing any executive secret, I may 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 53 
 
 tell you that the arrangement with Brazil is not likely to 
 abide in lonesomeness much longer. [ Great and pro- 
 longed cheering.] That others are to follow. And that 
 as a result of these trade arrangements, the products of 
 the United States, our meats, our breadstuffs and certain 
 lines of manufactured goods are to find free or favored 
 access to the ports of many of the South and Central 
 American States. All the States will share in these 
 benefits. We have had some analyses made of the 
 manifests of some of our steamers now sailing to South 
 American ports, and in a single steamer it was found 
 that twenty-five of our States contributed to the cargo. 
 But we shall need something more. We shall need 
 American steamships to carry American goods to these 
 ports. [ Great cheering.] The last Congress passed a 
 bill appropriating about $1,500,000, and authorized the 
 Postmaster General to contract with steamship companies 
 for a period not exceeding ten years, for the carrying of 
 the United States mail. The foreign mail service is the 
 only mail service out of which the Government has been 
 making a net profit. We do not make a profit out of 
 our land service. There is an annual deficiency, which 
 my good friend, the Postmaster General has been trying 
 very hard to reduce or wipe out. The theory of our 
 mail service is that it is for the people, that we are not 
 to make a profit out of it ; that we are to give them as 
 cheap postage as is possible. 
 
54 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 CHEAPER POSTAGE. 
 
 We are, many of us, looking forward to the time when 
 we shall have one-cent postage in this country. [ Cheers.] 
 We have been so close and penurious in dealing with 
 our ships in the carrying of foreign mails that we have 
 actually made revenues out of that business, not having 
 spent for it what we have received from it. Now, we 
 propose to change that policy, and to make more liberal 
 contracts with American lines carrying American mail. 
 [ Cheers.] Some one may say we ought not to go into 
 this business — that it is subsidy. But, my friends, every 
 other great nation in the world has been doing it, and is 
 doing it to-day. Great Britain and France have built up 
 their great steamship lines by government aid, and it 
 seems to me our attitude with reference to that is amply 
 protected by an illustration I mentioned the other day. In 
 the olden time no wholesale merchant sent out traveling 
 men to solicit custom, but he stood in his own store and 
 waited for his customers. But presently some enterpris- 
 ing merchant began to send out men with their sample 
 cases to seek the trade, to save the country buyer the 
 cost of the trip to New York or Philadelphia, until finally 
 that practice has became universal; and these active, intelli- 
 gent traveling men are scurrying this country over, push- 
 ing and soliciting in their several lines of business. Now, 
 imagine some conservative merchant in New York say- 
 ing to himself: " All this is wrong; the trade ought to 
 come to me." If he should refuse to adopt these modern 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 55 
 
 methods, what would be the result ? He must adopt the 
 new method or go out of business. We have been refus- 
 ing to adopt the universal method used by our competi- 
 tors in commerce to stimulate their shipping interests, 
 and we have gone out of the business. [ Laughter and 
 cheers.] Encouraged by what your spokesman has said 
 to-night, I venture to declare that I am in favor of going 
 into business again, and, when it is reestablished, I hope 
 Galveston will be in the partnership. [ Great cheers.] 
 
 It has been the careful study of the Postmaster Gen- 
 eral iu preparing to execute the law to which I have 
 referred, to see how much increase in routes and ships 
 we could secure by it. We have said to the few existing 
 American lines : " You must not treat this appropriation 
 as a plate of soup to be divided and consumed by your 
 spirit ; you must give us new lines, new ships, increased 
 trips and new ports of call." Already the steamship lines 
 are looking over the routes to see what they can do with 
 a view of increasing their tonnage and in establishing 
 new lines. The Postmaster General has invited the 
 attention and suggestion of all the boards of trade of our 
 seaboard cities. Undoubtedly you have received such a 
 letter. This appropriation is for one year. What the 
 future is to be must depend upon the deliberate judg- 
 ment of the people. If during my term of office they 
 shall strike down a law that I believe to be beneficent, or 
 destroy its energy by withholding appropriations, I shall 
 bow to their will ; but I shall feel great disappointment 
 
56 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 if we do not make this an era for the revival of Amerk 
 can commerce. 
 
 AN AMERICAN NAVY. 
 
 I so much want that the time shall come when our 
 citizens, living in temporary exile in foreign ports, shall 
 now and then see steaming into these distant ports a fine 
 modern man-of-war, flying the United States flag [ cheers [ 
 with the best modern guns on her deck and a brave 
 American crew in her forecastle. [ Cheers.] I want, also, 
 that in these ports, so long unfamiliar with the Ameri- 
 can flag, there shall again be found our steamships and 
 our sailing vessels flying the flag that we all love, and 
 carrying from our shores the products that these men of 
 toil have brought to them, to exchange for the products 
 of other climes. I think we should add to all this ; hap- 
 pily, it is likely to be accomplished by individual effort 
 in the early completion of the Nicaragua canal. [Cheers.] 
 The Pacific coast should no longer be found by sea only 
 by passage of the Horn. The short route should be 
 opened, and it will be ; and then, with this wondrous 
 stirring among the people of all our States, this awaking 
 to new business plans and more careful and economical 
 work, there will come great prosperity to all our people. 
 Texas will spin more of the cotton that she raises. The 
 great States of the South will be discontented with the 
 old condition that made them simply agricultural States, 
 and will rouse themselves to compete with the older man- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 57 
 
 ufacturing States of the North and East, i Cheers.] The 
 vision I have — all the thoughts I have of this matter — 
 embrace all the States and all my countrymen. I do not 
 think of it as a question of party, I think of it as a great 
 American question. [ Cheers.] 
 
 By the invitation of the address which was made to 
 me, I have freely spoken my mind to you upon those 
 topics. I hope I have done so without offense or impro- 
 priety. [Cries of "No, no," and great cheers.] I could 
 not, on an occasion so full of general good feeling as this, 
 obtrude anything that should induce division or dissent. 
 For all who do dissent I have the most respectful toler- 
 ance. The views I hold are the result of some thought 
 and investigation, and as they are of public concern, I 
 confidently submit them to the arbitrament of a brave 
 and enlightened American suffrage. • [Applause and 
 cheers.] 
 
 SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. 
 
 APRII, 20. 
 
 In this quaint old city, in the midst of a 
 driving rainstorm, the President received an 
 ovation at the opera house. Mayor Callaghan 
 welcomed him to the city, and in response the 
 President said: 
 
53 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens : — I very much regret 
 that frequent speaking in the open air during the past 
 week and the very heavy atmosphere which we have this 
 morning has somewhat impaired my voice. I am sure 
 you will crown } r our hospitality and kindness by allow- 
 ing me to speak to you only briefly. I sympathize with 
 you in the distress which you feel that the day is so un- 
 propitious for any state demonstration, but I have been 
 told by one wise in such matters that the rain is worth 
 $5,000,000 to Western Texas. That being the case, it 
 greatly moderates our regret. There has come to be a 
 popular habit of attributing to the President whatever 
 weather may happen on any demonstration in which he 
 takes a part. I suppose I may claim credit this morning 
 for this beneficent rain. [Laughter and applause.] I 
 generously assure o you that, if it is worth as much money 
 as my friend has estimated, I shall not take more than 
 half that sum. [Laughter.] 
 
 In visiting for a little while this historic city, I had 
 anticipated great pleasure in looking upon the remains of 
 an earlier occupancy of this territory in which you now 
 dwell. Our glances this morning must be brief and im- 
 perfect ; but the history has been written, and the tradi- 
 tions of the martyrdom which occurred here for liberty 
 are fresh in your minds and are still an inspiring story 
 to be repeated to your children. I remember in my early 
 boyhood to have heard in our family thrilling descriptions 
 of the experiences of an uncle whose name I bear, in some 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 59 
 
 of these campaigns for freedom in Texas, in which he 
 took a part, so that the story, to me, goes back to these 
 dim early recollections of childhood. I am glad to stand 
 where these recollections are revived and freshened, for 
 they are events of momentous importance to this country, 
 to this state, and to the whole Union. I rejoice that you 
 have here so great a commonwealth. 
 
 The stipulations under which Texas came into the 
 Union of states, and which provided that the great com- 
 monwealth might be subdivided into five states, seems 
 not to attract much attention in Texas now. Indeed, so 
 far as I can judge, no man would be able successfully to 
 appeal to the suffrage of any hamlet in Texas upon the 
 issue that the state should be divided at all. [Cheers.] 
 The great industrial capabilities, the beneficent climate 
 that spreads over much of your vast territory, the great 
 variety of productions which your soil and climate render 
 possible for the future prominence of the great state of 
 the Union, seems to me can scarcely fail to bring Texas to 
 the front among our great sisterhood. [Cheers.] You are 
 only now beginning to bring to the plow this vast stretch 
 of fertile land ; you are only now beginning to diversify 
 those interests, to emancipate yourselves by producing 
 at home in your own fields all of these products which are 
 necessary to comfortable existence. I hope you are soon 
 to add— indeed, you are now largely adding— to this di- 
 versity of agricultural pursuits a diversity of mechanical 
 pursuits. The advantages which you have to transmute 
 
60 FROM THE A TLA N TIC 
 
 the great product of the field into the manufactured pro- 
 duct is very great. There can certainly be no reason 
 why a very large part of the million bales of cotton which 
 you produce should not be spun in Texas. [Cheers.] I 
 hope your people will more and more turn their thoughts 
 to this matter for, just in proportion as a community or 
 state suitably divides its energies among various interests, 
 so does she retain the wealth in products and increase 
 its population. [Applause.] 
 
 A great Englishman visiting this country some time 
 ago, in speaking of the impressions which were made 
 upon his mind, said he was constantly asked as he trav- 
 eled through the country whether he was not amazed at 
 its territorial extent. He said while this, of course, w T as 
 a noticable incident of travel, he wondered that he did 
 not forget all our bigness of territory in a contemplation 
 of the great spectacle we presented as a free people of or- 
 ganized and peaceful communities. He regarded this 
 side of our country and her institutions as much more 
 imperative than its material development or its territo- 
 rial extent, and he was right in that judgment. My fel- 
 low citizens, the pride of America, that which should at- 
 tract the admiration and has attracted the imitation of 
 many people upon the face of the earth, is our system of 
 government. [Applause.] I am glad to know, and have 
 expressed my satisfaction before, that here in the state 
 of Texas you are giving attention to education ; that you 
 have been able to erect a school fund, the interest upon 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. ttl 
 
 which promises a most magnificent endowment for your 
 common schools. These schools are the pride and safety 
 of the state. They gather into them upon a com- 
 mon level the children of the rich and poor. In 
 the state in which I dwell, everybody's children at- 
 tend the common schools. This lesson of equality, 
 the perfect system which has been developed by the 
 method of instruction, is training a valuable class of 
 citizens to take up the responsibilities of government 
 when we shall lay them down. [Applause.] I hope 
 every one of your communities, even your scattered 
 rural communities, will pursue this good work. I am 
 sure this hope is shared by my honored friend, Governor 
 Hogg, who sits behind me, [Applause.] and who in the 
 discharge of his public duties can influence the progress 
 of this great measure. 
 
 No material greatness, no wealth, no accumulation of 
 splendor are to be compared with these humble and home- 
 ly virtues which have generally characterized our Amer- 
 ican homes. The safety of the state, the good order of 
 the community the capacity indeed to produce ma- 
 terial wealth, is dependent upon intelligence and so- 
 cial order. [Applause.] Wealth and commerce are 
 timid creatures. They must be assured that the rest 
 will be safe before they build. So it is always in these 
 communities where the most perfect order is maintained ; 
 where intelligence is protected; where the church of 
 Cod and the institutions of religion are revered and re- 
 
62 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 spected, that we find the largest development in material 
 wealth. [Applause.] 
 
 Thanking } t ou for your cordial greeting, all of your 
 people, and especially the Governor of your state, for 
 courtesies which have been unfailing, for a cordiality and 
 friendliness that have not found any stint or repression 
 in the fact that we are of different political opinions, 
 [Great cheering] I beg to thank you for this special 
 manifestation of respect and to ask you to excuse me from 
 further speech. I shall follow such arrangements as your 
 committee have made, and shall be glad if in those ar- 
 rangements there is some provision by which I may 
 meet as many of you as possible individually. [Pro- 
 longed cheers.] 
 
 EI, PASO, TEXAS. 
 
 APRIL 21. 
 
 The reception at El Paso was a remarkable 
 event in the history of that city, as a governor 
 of a foreign state and a general of a foreign 
 army come many miles to represent their gov- 
 ernment and join with the citizens of El Paso to 
 do honor to the President of the United States* 
 The reception was held at the Court House and 
 the entire lawn was filled with a crowd of thou- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 63 
 
 sands of people, and the balconies and roof of 
 the conrt house were crowded with many more. 
 On the platform, besides the presidential party, 
 were the envo} r s of the Republic of Mexico, the 
 civil and state authorities attired in full dress, 
 and the military in full uniform with their mag- 
 nificent decorations. 
 
 Addresses were made as follows : 
 
 Col. Villaneve, representing President Diaz of Mexico 
 — Mr. President, in the name of the Mexican government 
 and secretary of war, I have the honor to extend to you 
 a cordial welcome, accompanied by an earnest desire for 
 your personal prosperity as well as the people you rep- 
 resent. I further congratulate you in the name of my 
 government upon this, your visit to the frontier, more 
 particularly as you are the first President visiting the 
 border. 
 
 Gov. Lauro Carillo, Governor of Chihauhau — Mr. 
 President, in the name of the government of the state of 
 Chihauhau, which I represent, also in the name of the 
 authorities and citizens of Juarez, Mexico, I have the 
 honor to extend to you a cordial welcome accompanied 
 with our highest esteem for you. 
 
 Gen. Rangel y Department Commander of the Mexican 
 troops — Mr. President, we are here to greet you in the 
 
64 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 name of the military and greet } t ou as the standard 
 bearer of the nation of prosperity. 
 
 All the speeches by the Mexican officers were 
 in the Mexican tongne, and were translated to 
 the President by an interpreter. 
 
 President Harrison delivered what is con- 
 ceded to be a masterly effort. 
 
 The following is the President's speech : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — We have been journeying for 
 several days through the great state of Texas. We are 
 now about to leave this state and receive from you this 
 parting salutation. Our entrance into this state was with 
 every demonstration of respect and enthusiasm. This 
 greeting by the citizens of El Paso and Mexico is a fit- 
 ting close. I am glad to stand at this gateway of trade 
 with the great Republic of Mexico. [Applause.] I am 
 glad to know it is also the gateway of friendship. [Ap- 
 plause.] I receive with unbounded satisfaction these 
 tributes of respect that have been brought to me by the 
 government of Chihauhau and the Mexican military. 
 [Great applause.] 
 
 I desire to extend to all our visitors, not only my per- 
 sonal regard, but the continued assurance of respect of the 
 American people. [Applause.] I look forward to a 
 large development of trade. We have passed that era in 
 our history when we were unpleasant neighbors. We 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 65 
 
 have come to a time when we cease to covet their pos- 
 sessions, but only covet their friendship, [Great applause] 
 and now to you I bring congratulations for the develop- 
 ment you are making. [Applause.] I extend the most 
 cordial congratulations for future prosperity. [Great ap- 
 plause.] I rejoice that these influences that tend to 
 soften the asperities of life, viz., the home, the school and 
 the church, have kept pace with the enterprise and pro- 
 gress, and are to be found among you. [Applause.] 
 
 You cannot attract foreign capital or increase citizen- 
 ship unless you have a reputation for social order. I 
 trust that as your city grows you will see that these 
 foundations are carefully laid, and you may hope that a 
 magnificent superstructure shall rise in its stead 
 
 To my comrades of the G. A. R. I wish to extend 
 my most heart-felt greetings, who were magnanimous 
 to the vanquished as well as to the victor, and who only 
 laid upon the vanquished the yoke of obedience to the 
 law. [Loud applause.] 
 
 You will excuse me further speech. Again, sirs (to 
 the Mexican visitors), I thank you for this kind greeting. 
 And to you, my countrymen, I extend my heart-felt 
 thanks, and wish you good-bye. 
 
 NEW MEXICO'S WELCOME. 
 
 While the Presidential train was speeding 
 over the plains of New Mexico, Gov. Prince 
 
66 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 made the following address of welcome to the 
 President : 
 
 As we crossed the Rio Grande we entered the con- 
 fines of New Mexico, and I wish, on behalf of all our 
 people, to express our high gratification at your visit, 
 and to extend our heartiest welcome to the Territory. We 
 welcome you not only as the Chief Magistrate of the 
 Nation, but especially as the President who has shown 
 the greatest interest in our welfare, and who has done 
 the most to promote it. 
 
 % -;< * # % -%. 
 
 For forty years New Mexico has suffered from the 
 uncertainty of these titles, and that message, supple- 
 mented by the special message of last July, and by the 
 active interest of members of the cabinet, has brought to 
 us the greatest boon in our history, and opened a future 
 of vast prosperity. Our people feel the deepest gratitude 
 for this recognition and timely aid, and our official wel- 
 come is made personally more heartfelt on this account, 
 
 The President returned his thanks in a brief 
 speech. 
 
 INDIO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 22. 
 
 When the President's party reached Indio it 
 was received by a large and influential delega- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 67 
 
 tion, including Gov. Markham and staff, ex-Gov. 
 Perkins, Senator Felton, Judge Van Vleet of 
 Sacramento, S. M. White of Los Angeles, 
 C. F. Crocker, Vice President of the Southern 
 Pacific Railroad, and Mr. Stump, chairman of 
 the Republican committee. Gov. Markham 
 made an address of welcome on behalf of all the 
 the people of the State. 
 
 The President responded as follows : 
 
 I would not undertake while almost choked with the 
 dust of the plains we have just left, to say all that I hoped 
 to say in the way of pleasant greetings to the citizens of 
 California. Sonue time when I have been refreshed by 
 your olive oil and your vineyards I would endeavor to 
 express my gratification at being able to visit California. 
 I have long desired to visit your state, and it was the ob- 
 jective point of this trip. I have seen the Northern 
 Coast, Puget Sound, but have never before been able to 
 see California. I remember from boyhood the excite- 
 ment of the discovery of gold, and have always distantly 
 followed California's growth and progress. Its acqui- 
 sition was second only to that of Louisiana and the 
 control of the Mississippi river. It strengthened 
 this great coast and made impossible the ownership of a 
 foreign power on any of our coast line. It has held per- 
 fect our magnificent insolation, which is our great pro- 
 
68 FROM THE A TLA N TIC 
 
 tection against foreign aggression. I thank you, gentle- 
 men for your kindly reception, and assure you that if I 
 should have complaint to make of my treatment in Cali- 
 fornia it would be because its people have been too hos- 
 pitable. 
 
 COLTON, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 22. 
 
 The President was welcomed by an enthusi- 
 astic crowd, nearly all of whom pressed up to 
 the platform of the train and shook hands with 
 him. Flags helped to swell the throng. He was 
 introduced by Gov. Markham and made a short 
 patriotic address. 
 
 The following is the President's address : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — We have traveled now some- 
 thing more than 3,500 miles. They have been 3,500 miles 
 of cordial greeting from my fellow citizens ; they have 
 been 3,500 miles of perpetual talk. It would require a 
 brain more fertile in its resources, more diversified in its 
 operations than the state of California in its productions, 
 to say something original or interesting at each one of 
 the stopping places, but I can say always with a warm 
 heart to my fellow citizens who greet me so cordially, 
 who look to me out of such kindly faces — I thank you. 
 I am your servant in all things that will conduce to the 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. W 
 
 general prosperity and happiness of the American people. 
 Remote from us far east in distance, we are united to you 
 not only by ties of common citizenship, by the reverence 
 and honor we joyfully give to one flag, but by the changes 
 of emigration which have brought so many of the people 
 of the older states to you. At every station which I have 
 stopped since entering California some Hoosier has 
 reached up his hand to greet me, [daughter and cheers] 
 and the omnipresent Ohio man of course I have found 
 everywhere. I was assured by these gentlemen that 
 they were making their full contributions to the develop- 
 ment of your country, and that they had possessed them- 
 selves of their fair share of it. I have been greatly 
 pleased this morning to come out of the land of the 
 desert and drifting sand into this land of homes and smil- 
 ing women and bright children. I have been glad to see 
 these beautiful gardens, these fertile fields, and to know 
 that your economical collection and distribution of the 
 waters of the hills made all these valleys to smile like a 
 garden of Eden. We do not come as spies to look at 
 your land with any view of dispossessing you, as the 
 original spies went into Palestine. We come simply to 
 exchange friendly greetings, and we shall hope to carry 
 away nothing that does not belong to us. [Cheers.] If 
 we shall leave your happy and prosperous state freighted 
 with your good will and love, as we shall leave ours with 
 you, it will be a happy exchange. [Cheers.] 
 
70 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 POMONA, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 22. 
 
 The Presidential party reached here at i 
 o'clock and stopped twenty minntes. Only two 
 hours' notice of the stop had been given, bnt the 
 whole town turned out. H. Z. Osborne intro- 
 duced the President, who spoke as follows : 
 
 You will surely excuse me from extended remarks. 
 I have been subjected to such a strain that my" brain 
 needs irrigation to put it in trim again. [Cheers.] I am 
 glad to look at faces of American citizens. No such peo- 
 ple gather in any other country as greet me at every sta- 
 tion. They come from good homes, the safety of the 
 commonwealth. I am pleased to see these children. 
 Schools have everywhere followed the western Pioneers. 
 You have New England education and homes. More than 
 that ; you have the New England idea of thrift, living 
 on little and having much over. 
 
 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL. 22. 
 
 In point of weather, attendance and enthu- 
 siasm and reception given by the people of Los 
 Angeles to President Harrison was all that could 
 be desired. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 
 
 The demonstration both in front of the City 
 Hall after the parade and in the evening at the 
 Pavilion was imposing. The interior of the 
 Pavilion had been beautifully decorated, but the 
 effect of the floral devices was almost swallowed 
 up in the sea of humanity which had poured 
 into the building. 
 
 A platform had been erected on the City Hall 
 steps, and when the procession came to a halt 
 at that point, Mayor Hazard made a short ad- 
 dress followed by Gov. Markham, who spoke 
 briefly, introducing the President. 
 
 The following are the president's remarks : 
 My Fellow Citizens:— -My stay among you has been 
 not only long enough to form an individual judgment of 
 the quality of your people, but it has been long enough 
 to get a large idea of the number of them. [ Laughter.] 
 I beg you to accept my most sincere and grateful thanks 
 for this magnificent demonstration of your respect I 
 do not at all assume that these hurrahs and flowers and 
 streaming banneis with which you have greeted me to- 
 day are at all a tribute to me individually.^ I receive 
 them as a most magnificent welcome, assuring demon- 
 stration of the love of the people oi California for Amet 
 ican institutions. [Applause.] And well are these 
 institutions worthy of all honor The flag that you have 
 
72 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 displayed today, the one flag, the banner of the free, and 
 the symbol of an inseparable union, [cheers] is worthy 
 of the affections of our people. Men have died for it on 
 the field of battle ; women have consecrated it with their 
 tears and prayers, as they placed the standard in the hands 
 of brave men going to battle. It is historically full of ten- 
 der interests and pride. It was a glorious symbol on the 
 sea, in those days when the American navy maintained its 
 prestige and successfully fought the navies of the world. 
 [ Cheers.] 
 
 It is a proud record of the land, from the time of our 
 great struggle for independence, down to the last sad 
 conflict between ourselves. We bless God today, and 
 those brave men, who, working out his purposes on the 
 field of battle, made it again the s}inbol of a united peo- 
 ple. [Applause.] Our institutions, of which this flag 
 is the t3 7 pe and emblem, are free institutions. These men 
 and women, into whose faces I look, are free men and 
 free women. I do not honor you by my presence today, 
 I hold my trust from }'OU, and you honor me. [Cheers.] 
 
 This magnificent domain of the Pacific Coast, seized 
 for the Union by the energy and courage and wise fore- 
 thought of Fremont and his associates, is essential to our 
 perfection of territory. Nothing more important — unless 
 it be the possession of the Territory of Louisiana and 
 the control of the Mississippi River- -has ever occurred 
 in our national history. [Applause] We touch trom 
 ocean to ocean, and on both we are building magnificent 
 
TO THE PA CIFIC. 73 
 
 commonwealths, and are thus securing that historical 
 individuality and isolation, which comes as assurance of 
 perpetual peace. [ Cheers.] 
 
 No great conflict of arms will again ever take place 
 on American territory if we are true to ourselves, and I 
 have therefore determined that no civil conflict shall 
 again rend our country. [ Applause.] We are a peace- 
 loving nation, and yet we cannot be sure that everybody 
 else will be peaceful. [Cheers and laughter.] And, 
 therefore, I am glad that by the general consent of our 
 people, by liberal appropriations from Congress, we are 
 putting on the sea some of the best vessels of their class 
 afloat [ Applause.] 
 
 And we are now prepared to put upon their decks as 
 good guns as are made in the world. And when we have 
 completed our programme, ship by ship, we will put in 
 their forecastle as brave Jack Tars as serve under any 
 flag. [Great applause.] The provident care of the 
 Government should be given to your seacoast defenses 
 until all these great ports of the Atlantic and Pacific are 
 made safe. 
 
 But, my countrymen, this audience overmatches a 
 voice that has been in exercise from remote Virginia to 
 Los Angeles. [ Applause.] I bid yoa, therefore, again 
 to receive my most hearty timnks and congratulations, 
 and to excuse me from luither speech 
 
74 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 AT THE PAVILION. 
 
 People began gathering in front of the pavil- 
 ion before it was fairly dark. No sooner was 
 the cry passed along throngh the crowd, "open 
 doors/ ' than the great throng pressed forward 
 and a moving, quivering tide of hnmanity strug- 
 gled and surged through the doorways, and 10,- 
 ooo men, women and children poured like a 
 human avalanche into the building. 
 
 The scene on the main floor was one of the 
 most impressive — as regards a crowd — ever 
 witnessed here. Probably never in the history 
 of Los Angeles has there been such a gathering. 
 Every one of her 50,000 inhabitants were appar- 
 ently on hand to welcome the chief of the nation 
 by appearing personally on this occasion. The 
 President made a short address as follows : 
 
 Fellow Citizeyis: — I thank you for this demonstration, 
 because I am sure that it is non-partisan in its character 
 and is meant to express the general good will which you 
 bear toward me irrespective of party. This was more 
 particularly illustrated to me to-day at a small station not 
 far from here by a man who insisted on shaking hands 
 with me even if ne did lose $1,000 over my election. I 
 am induced to feel from the assurances of respect and es- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 75 
 
 teem which I have received everywhere from the sover- 
 eigns of this country, that I shall have no trouble as to 
 the carrying out of their wishes satisfactorily in the fu- 
 ture as I have in the past. My countrymen, I thank you 
 sincerely for the splendid reception you have accorded to 
 me and trust you will believe me when I tell you that I 
 am at a loss to find words with which to express my ad- 
 miration of your beautiful, magnificent and prosperous 
 city of Los Angeles. 
 
 SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRII, 23. 
 
 The President came, saw the city of the Sil- 
 ver Gate, and won the admiration of every man 
 and woman, and fluttered the hearts of 2,000 
 flower-laden school children. 
 
 Early in the morning the Indiana Associa- 
 tion numbering about one hundred members, 
 met the President in the reception room of the 
 Hotel Coronado. Mrs. George D. Copeland 
 presented Mrs. Harrison with a floral miniature 
 of the state which they all at one time called 
 home. The piece was about two feet square 
 and consisted of a bed of carnations and violets, 
 
76 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 on which had been raised the name " Indiana'* 
 in blue violets. 
 
 The formal presentation of the address 
 drawn up by the state's representatives was 
 made by L. A. Wright. The document had 
 been neatly embossed on heavy paper and was 
 intended to be carried away by the president as 
 a souvenir. 
 
 He acknowledged the address with a bow 
 and replied as follows : 
 
 My Friends: — I regret that I can only say thank you. 
 Our time is now due to the citizens of San Diego and I 
 have promised not to detain that committee. It is par- 
 ticularly pleasurable to me to see, as I have done at al- 
 most every station where our train stopped, some Indi- 
 anian, who stretched up the hand of old neighborship to 
 greet me as I passed along. It is this intermingling of 
 our people which obtains the merit of the home. The 
 Yankee intermingles with the Illinoisian, the Hoosier 
 with the Sucker and the people of the South with them 
 all ; and it is this commingling which gives that unity 
 which marks the American nation. 
 
 I am glad to know that there are so many of you here,, 
 and as I said to .some Hoosier as I came along, I hope you 
 have secured your share of these blessings of life 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 77 
 
 The reception at the Plaza was witnessed by 
 at least four thousand people, after the Presi- 
 dential party had been driven over the city. All 
 along the line of march the decorations were 
 very handsome, flowers and floral decorations 
 were in lavish profusion. The carriage of the 
 President and Mrs. Harrison was literally filled 
 with flowers. School children to the number 
 of 2,000, liberally provided with calla lillies and 
 roses, were formed along the line of march, and 
 as the President passed by the crowd showered 
 him with flowers and scattered blossoms 
 beneath the feet of his horses, so that he 
 passed along a continuous floral pathway. As 
 the procession passed the army barracks the 
 regulation salute was fired. 
 
 Mayor Gunn read an address of welcome, 
 briefly reciting the history of San Deigo, and 
 then presented the President, who spoke as 
 follows : 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens: — I am in slavery to a 
 railroad schedule and have but a few moments longer to 
 tarry in your beautiful city. If there were no other re- 
 ward for our journey across the continent what we have 
 
78 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 seen to-day about your magnificent harbor would 
 have repaid us for all the toil of travel. [Applause.] 
 I do not come to tell you anything about California, for 
 I have already perceived in my intercourse with Califor- 
 nians in the east, and during this brief stay among you^ 
 that already you know all about California, [daughter.] 
 You are, indeed, most happily situated. Every element 
 that makes life comfortable is here. Every possibility 
 that makes life successful and prosperous is here ; and 
 I am sure, as I look into these kindly, upturned faces, 
 that your homes have as healthful a moral atmosphere 
 as God has spread over your smiling land. 
 
 It is with regret that we now part from you. The 
 welcome you have extended to us is magnificent, kindly 
 and tasteful. We shall carry away the most pleasant 
 impression, and shall wish for you all that you anticipate 
 in your largest dreams for your beautiful city — that j^our 
 harbor may be full of foreign and coast-wise traffic, that 
 it may not be long until the passage of our naval and 
 merchant marine shall not be by the Horn, but by Nic- 
 aragua. [Cheers.] I believe that great enterprise, which 
 is to bring your commerce into nearer and cheaper con- 
 tact with the Atlantic seaboard cities, both of this conti- 
 nent and of South America, will not be long delayed. 
 
 And now, again, with the most grateful thanks for 
 your friendly attention in my own behalf and in behalf 
 of all who journey with me, I bid you a most kindly 
 farewell. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 79 
 
 4 
 INTERNATIONAL COURTESIES. 
 
 Mayor Gunn introduced Governor Torres 
 before the president had taken his seat and the 
 latter, addressing Mr. Harrison, said : 
 
 I have received a telegram which I have the honor to 
 read to you. The translation is as follows : 
 
 It has come to my knowledge that the President of 
 the United States, Hon. Benjamin Harrison, shall visit 
 San Diego on the 23d instant, and I let you know it, so 
 that you may call and congratulate him in my name, and 
 present him with my compliments. 
 
 [Signed.] Porfirio Diaz." 
 
 In reply to this kindly message the presi- 
 dent felt called npon to speak again, and he 
 said : 
 
 Governor Torres: — This message from that progres- 
 sive and intelligent gentleman who presides over the 
 destinies our sister republic is most grateful to me. I 
 assure you that all our people, that the government 
 through all its instituted authorities, entertain for Presi- 
 dent Diaz and for the chivalrous people over which he 
 presides, the most friendly sentiments of respect. [Cheers 
 and applause.] We covet, sir, youi good will and those 
 
80 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 mutual exchanges which are mutually profitable, and we 
 hope that the two republics may forever dwell in frater- 
 nal peace. 
 
 Governor Torres made answer ; The Mexi- 
 can people correspond heartly to yonr kind 
 
 After a delightful trip from San Diego, over 
 a route abounding with beautiful scenery, 
 the pre idential party arrived at Pasadena at 
 7.40 p. m. Short stops were made at Oceanside, 
 Santa Ann, Orange and at Riverside. The 
 President received a cordial welcome at each of 
 these places, and expressed his thanks in brief 
 speeches complimentary to the people and their 
 country. 
 
 The crowd at each of these places was swelled 
 by school children, who presented the ladies 
 of the party with flowers. The reception took 
 place in a float pavilion surmounted with a fine 
 specimen of the American eagle. The party 
 left the train at Arlington Station, six miles 
 from Riverside and drove to the town in flower-be 
 decked carriages through a continuous lane of 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 81 
 
 oranges groves and the celebrated Magnolia 
 avenue. On reaching the High school they 
 were received by a large crowd, including hund- 
 reds of school children with waving flags. The 
 formal reception took place at Glenwood Hotel 
 where the President was introduced by Gov. 
 Markham and made a short address. 
 
 PASADENA, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 23. 
 
 Immediately after the arrival of the train, 
 about eight o'clock in the evening, the Presi- 
 dent held a public reception in the office of Hotel 
 Green and later in the evening the banquet was 
 served in the dining room, which was beauti- 
 fully decorated with flowers ; in fact the entire 
 hotel was fragrant and beautiful with its pro- 
 fusion of flowers, and the chambers of the guests 
 were lavishly filled with great clusters and 
 banks of them. At the banquet Mr. Buchanan 
 proposed the health of President Harrison and 
 briefly referred to the honor and pleasure con- 
 ferred by the visit of the President. 
 
82 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 In response the President said : 
 
 Fellow Citizens: — It affords me great pleasure to ac- 
 knowledge the honor paid me by the people of Pasadena, 
 and I hope to see your beautiful city by sunlight, when I 
 will be able to better appreciate its glories, and to have 
 my impression confirmed of a place I was prepared to 
 believe the gem of California. [Applause.] No other 
 town in this state has been more familiarly known to me 
 by reputation than Pasadena, except San Francisco, a 
 fact due to the circumstance that Indiana people had 
 founded it. A number of my neighbors, among them 
 the gentleman who has just proposed the toast in my 
 honor, have come here and earned the esteem of the 
 community they had helped to form. It is pleasant to 
 renew friendships here. I have found Hoosiers all along 
 the line of our travel, and Ohio men pop up too, on all 
 sides, which is not surprising. They are apt to be found 
 in the vicinity of public office. [Laughter.] What good 
 fortune has befallen me in political life I trace to the 
 fact that I am a Buckeye by birth. [Applause.] 
 
 California is full of affectionate interest for all of us, 
 for here we look into the shining eyes and pleasant faces 
 of a contented and happy people. You occupy a fortu- 
 nate position and your history has been a succession of 
 fortunate surprises, the most surprising being the pro- 
 cess of converting apparently barren plains into gardens 
 that are unequaled for productiveness. [Applause.] 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 83 
 
 And now, when I remind you that it was 1 2 o'clock 
 last night when we retired and that reveille sounded at 
 6 this morning, you will permit me to say good night. 
 
 APRII, 24. 
 
 The President and party were treated to a 
 beantifnl floral display this morning during a 
 two-hour drive through the principal streets of 
 this crown of the valley. 
 
 At a point on the drive on Marengo avenue 
 the procession passed under a large arch com- 
 posed principally of California lilies and having 
 a base of rare tropical plants. School children 
 were congregated about this arch, and they 
 showered President and Mrs. Harrison with 
 such a profusion of bouquets that those who 
 followed passed over a veritable bed of flowers. 
 Soon afterward the procession passed through 
 a gate of flowers operated by two little girls. 
 
 SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIT. 24. 
 
 The day was nearly perfect, only enough 
 clouds floating about to soften the effect of the 
 
84 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 liiountains. From early morning crowded 
 vehicles arrived from the country districts. The 
 streets were alive with people the decorations 
 were elaborate and handsome, the parade was a 
 novelty in its way, the battle of flowers was a 
 surprise even to those who expected much of it 
 and the Spanish dances delighted the visiting 
 party. 
 
 In the block above the Arlington Hotel was 
 located the President's reviewing stand and op- 
 posite it a stand accommodating about 300 peo- 
 ple, between which the battle of flowers took 
 place. The President's stand was a floral 
 triumph. The front of it was filled in with a 
 solid bank of bright colored flowers. Some idea 
 of the extent of the decorations may be formed 
 when it is known that nearly 20,000 calla lilies 
 were used on the President's stand alone, one 
 person (Mr. Sexton, of Goleta) having sent in 
 9,000 calla blossoms. The stand opposite was 
 also beautifully trimmed. A most exquisite 
 feature of the parade was that of the "tubs." 
 Over a hundred flower-trimmed equipages were 
 in line, no two being similar in color or design. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 85 
 
 A better proof could not have been given of the 
 marvelous flora of Santa* Barbara in the month 
 of April. The carts were covered entirely with 
 flowers of every hue. 
 
 The last maneuvre before the grand stand was 
 the battle of flowers between both countermarch- 
 ing columns. It began with a deadly flourish 
 of fans, parasols and flags. From the stand 
 down to the arch of welcome the air was at one 
 time bright with flowers. Sprays, wreaths and 
 tied bunches hurled from side to side. Heavy 
 ordinance of made bouquets did splendid work 
 and caused many a gorgeous, mounted cavalier 
 to dodge ingloriously. Over all fell a pyrotech- 
 nic shower of single blossoms. The air was a 
 floral rainbow and the pavement a carpet of 
 crushed sweets. The battle was waged with 
 much spirit and not at all confined to the 
 marchers. 
 
 Gen. Vandever delivered a short address of 
 welcome on behalf of the people of Santa Bar- 
 bara, referring especially to the mingling of the 
 American and Spanish races in a loyal love for 
 their common country. 
 
86 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 President Harrison responded as follows : 
 
 General Va?idever, Gentlemen of ike Committee and 
 Friends: — If I have been in any doubt as to the fact of 
 the perfect identity of your people with the American 
 nation, that doubt has been dissipated by one incident 
 which has been prominent in all this trip, and that is 
 that the great and predominant and all pervading Amer- 
 ican habit of demanding a speech on every occasion, has 
 been characteristically prominent in California, [daugh- 
 ter.] I am more than delighted by this visit to your city. 
 It has been made brilliant with the display of banners 
 and flowers ; one the emblem of our national greatness 
 and prowess, the other the adornment which God has to 
 beauty nature. With all this I am sure I have read 
 in the faces of the men, women and children who have 
 greeted me, that these things, these flowers of the field, 
 and this flag representing organized government — typify 
 what is to be found in the homes of California. The ex- 
 pression of your welcome to-day has been unique and 
 tasteful beyond description. I have not the words to ex- 
 press the high sense of appreciation, and the amazement 
 that filled the minds of all our party as we looked upon 
 this display which you improvised for our reception. No 
 element of beauty, no element of taste, no element of 
 gracious kindness has been lacking in it all ; and for that 
 we tender you our most hearty thanks. We shall keep 
 this visit as a bright spot in our memories. [Applause.] 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 87 
 
 After the public reception the President and 
 party were escorted to the dining room of the 
 Arlington which had been transformed into a 
 ball room, where the visitors witnessed the Span- 
 ish dance. A space in front of the President's 
 party was kept clear as the slow and graceful 
 Spanish Contra Danza was danced. 
 
 A special figure " Salute to the President" 
 which was invented for the occassion, was intro- 
 duced as the first figure and proved a very 
 beautiful innovation. 
 
 SANTA PAULA, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIIy 24. 
 
 At Santa Paula the President was cordially 
 received. Here was displayed the largest solid 
 floral piece the party had seen since it left 
 Washington. It was in the form of a signboard, 
 twelve feet long and three feet wide, and was 
 made entirely of calla lilies. Across its face 
 was the word " Welcome," in large letters of 
 red geraniums. The President addressed the 
 crowd as follows : 
 
88 FROM THE ATLAN1IC 
 
 My Friends: — I cannot feel myself a stranger in this 
 state so distant from home, when I am greeted by some 
 familiar face from my Indiana at almost every station* 
 Your fellow citizen who has spoken in your behalf was 
 an old time Indianapolis friend. I hope he is held in the 
 same esteem which he was held by the people among 
 whom he spent his early j'ears as a boy and man. [ Cries, 
 of " he is."] That you should have gone to the pains to 
 make such magnificent decorations and to come out in 
 such large numbers for this momentary greeting very 
 deeply touches my heart. 
 
 I have never seen in any state of the Union what 
 seems to me to be a more happy and contented people 
 than I have seen this morning. Your soil and sun are 
 genial, healthful and productive, and I have no doubt 
 that these genial and kindly influences are manifested in. 
 the homes that are represented here, and that there is 
 sunshine in the household as well as in the fields ; that 
 there is contentment and love and sweetness in these 
 homes as well as in these gardens that are so adorned 
 with flowers. Our pathway has been strewn with flowers 
 we have literally driven for miles over flowers that in the 
 East would have been priceless, and these favors have 
 all been acompanied with manifestations of friendliness 
 for which I am very grateful, and everywhere there has 
 been set up as having greater glory than the sunshine, 
 greater glory than the flowers, this flag of our country. 
 [ Applause.] 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 89 
 
 Everywhere I have been greeted by some of these 
 comrades, veterans of the late war, whose presence 
 among you should be an inspiration to increase patrio- 
 tism and loyalty. I bid them an affectionate greeting, 
 and am sorry I cannot tarry with them longer. [Cheers.] 
 
 BAKKRSFIKI.D, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 aprii, 25. 
 
 The train remained here only ten minntes, 
 and the welcome was a cordial one. Jndge A. 
 R. Conkling presented the President. He was 
 abont to respond when he was assailed by such 
 a shower of bouqets that he was forced to seek 
 shelter in his car. Finally he addressed them 
 as follows : 
 
 My Frie?ids: — I am very much obliged to you for 
 your friendly greeting and for these bouquets. You must 
 excuse me if I seem a little shy of bouquets. I received 
 one in my eye the other day which gave me a good deal 
 of trouble. You are very kind to meet us here so early 
 in the morning with this cordial demonstration. It has 
 been a very long journey, and has been accompanied 
 with some fatigue of travel, but we feel this morning, in 
 this exhilaration and this sweet sunshine, and refreshed 
 
90 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 with your kind greeting, as bright and more happy tjian 
 we left the national capital. I am glad to feel that here, 
 on the western edge of the continent, in this Pacific 
 State, there is that same enthusiastic love for the flag, 
 that same veneration and respect for American institu- 
 tions, for the one Union and the one Constitution, that is 
 found in the heart of our country. We are one people 
 absolutely. We follow not men, but institutions, We 
 are happy in the fact that men may live, die, come or 
 go, we have still that towards which the heart of the 
 American citizens turns with confidence and veneration 
 — this great Union of States devised so happily by our 
 fathers. Gen. Garfield, when Mr. Lincoln was stricken 
 down by the foul hand of the assassin, when that great 
 wave of dismay and grief swept over the land, standing 
 in a busy thoroughfare of New York, could say, u The 
 Government at Washington still lives." It is dependent 
 upon no man, lodged safely in the affections of the peo- 
 ple, and having its impregnable defense and its assured 
 perpetuity in their love and veneration for law. [Cheers, ] 
 
 TULARE, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 25. 
 
 The President and party, which included 
 Gov. Markham, ex-Gov. Perkins, Mr. Stump 
 and Col. Crocker, received a regular ovation. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 9t 
 
 The party was escorted to a gayly decorated 
 stand, the base of which was the stump of a 
 inainmoth redwood tree. This was surrounded 
 by a guard of honor composed of the local mil- 
 itia and Grand Army posts. The President was 
 introduced by Gov. Markham, and was greeted 
 with hearty applause. He addressed the assem- 
 blage as follows : 
 
 My Friends: — This seems to be a very happy and 
 smiling audience, and I am sure that the gladness which 
 is in your hearts and in your faces does not depend at all 
 upon the presence of this little company of strangers who 
 tarry with you for a moment. It is born of influences 
 and conditions that are permanent. It comes of the 
 happy sunshine and sweet air that is over your fields, and 
 still more from the contentment, prosperity and love and 
 peace that are in your households. California has been 
 spoken of as a wonderland, and everywhere we have 
 gone something new, interesting and surprising has 
 been presented to our observation. There has been but 
 one monotone in our journey, and that is the monotone 
 ot universal welcome from all your people. [Cheers.] 
 
92 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 FRESNO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRII, 25. 
 
 The reception was short, the train stopping 
 only ten minntes, but it was enthusiastic and 
 one to be remembered by the people of Fresno, 
 as well as by the entire party to whom it was 
 tendered. Mayor Cole, Dr. Chester Rowell and 
 Hon. W. W. Morrow were introduced to the 
 party. Dr. Rowell stepped to the front of the 
 platform, made a short but patriotic speech and 
 introduced the President. 
 
 Mr. Fellow Citizens: — It is altogether impossible for 
 me to reach, with my voice this vast concourse of friends. 
 I receive with great satisfaction and profound feelings of 
 gratification this momento which you have given me of 
 the varied products of this most fertile and happy valley, 
 I shall carry it with me to Washington as a reminder of 
 a scene that will never fade from my memory. [Applause.], 
 
 It is very pleasant to know that while all these pur- 
 suits are carried on, while so much is doing to engage 
 your thoughts and to industriously employ your time, 
 they have not in the least turned your minds away from 
 the love of the flag and of those institutions which spread 
 their secure power over all your homes. You are in a 
 free land. No policeman is at youi door. Our party 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 93 
 
 passes through this land without a guard at the car win- 
 dow. You and I are in the safe keeping of a free coun- 
 try's laws. [Cheers.] I am glad to receive from you 
 this manifestation of your respect. I am glad to drink 
 in this morning with this sunshine and this sweet balmy 
 air, a new impulse to public duty, and a new love for the 
 Union and the flag. [Cheers.] You must excuse me 
 from further speaking. It is a matter of great regret 
 that the limits of the time which is given to this journey 
 as well as its great extent put heavy limitation on the 
 extent of a single delay. More strongly than any of you, 
 I wish that it were possible to remain with you longer. 
 
 MERCED, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRII, 25. 
 
 The President made the following address 
 to a large crowd here : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — I have scarcely been able to fin- 
 ish a meal since I have been in California. [ Laughter.] 
 I hardly find myself seated at the table till some one 
 reminds me that in about five minutes I am to meet 
 another throng of cordial and friendly people, but I think 
 I could have subsisted on this trip through California 
 without anything to eat, and have dined all the while 
 upon the stimulus and Inspiration which your good will 
 and kindly greetings have given me. I do not think, 
 
94 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 however, from what I have seen of these valleys that it 
 will be necessary for anyone but the President to live 
 without eating. [Laughter.] I have been greatly 
 delighted with the agricultural richness, with surprises 
 in natural scenery and in the productions which have 
 met us on this journey. But let me say above all these 
 fruits and flowers, above all their productions of the mine 
 and field, I have been most pleased with the men and 
 women of California. [Applause.] It gives me great 
 pleasure we meet everywhere these little ones. I am 
 fond of children ; they attract my interest always and the 
 little ones of my own household furnish about the only 
 relaxation and pleasure I have at Washington. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRII, 25. 
 
 President Harrison was welcomed by a great 
 display of enthusiasm. The presidential train 
 arrived at Oakland about 7 o'clock, and the party 
 were met by a reception committee of citizens. 
 Gen. Ruger and staff, of the regular army, and 
 Gen. Diamond and staff of the State troops 
 escorted them to the large steamer Piedmont. 
 She did not cross to San Francisco at once ; but 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 95 
 
 steamed around the bay slowly to enable the 
 President to witness the brilliant illuminations 
 on the bay and on the hills in the city. As the 
 steamer left the wharf at Oakland a signal 
 rocket was sent up from the bow, and instantly 
 bonfires blazed from a dozen elevated points in 
 San Francisco. The Piedmont passed between 
 two long lines of vessels from Oakland to San 
 Francisco, including the United States cruiser 
 Charleston, several revenue cutters and coast 
 survey steamers and a number of ocean-going 
 steamers of the Australia, China and other lines. 
 All of these vessels, as well as every craft lying 
 at the docks on both sides of the bay, were bril- 
 liantly illuminated by red fire and electric lights 
 which displayed their decorations of flags and 
 bunting. 
 
 APRIL 27. 
 
 Van Ness avenue is famed for its great breadth, 
 but it was all to narrow too accommodate the 
 thousands of school children, their teachers and 
 all that great surging crowd of humanity that 
 wanted to see the President. 
 
96 FROM THE A TLA N TIC 
 
 The enthusiasm of the children knew no 
 bounds. The President bowed as often as he 
 could, for he was kept busy taking the nosegays 
 from the hands of the venturesome children, 
 who ran close up to the wheels to hand the 
 President their flowers. Soon the carriage was 
 a perfect bed of flowers. Still the children 
 came and the great man reached out and took 
 them all and smiled and said " Thank you " as 
 fast as he could. 
 
 When the carriage at last reached Golden Gate 
 avenue the speed was quickened, and soon the 
 Presidential party had left the great crowd be- 
 hind. 
 
 PARK AND OCEAN. 
 
 Golden Gate Park never looked more like an 
 earthly paradise than it did when the President 
 drove up the wide avenue to the conservatory, 
 and when, on the road to the Cliff House, the 
 Pacific ocean burst upon his view, never was 
 the white foam of the breakers whiter, the blue 
 and opal and green of the restless waters more 
 vivid or the voices of the mighty deep blended 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. W 
 
 in a grander chorus of welcome on the way 
 from "the park. Mr. Adolph Sutro met the party 
 andextended an invitation to visit Sutro Heights 
 and take luncheon, which was accepted. 
 
 In the evening the President attended a ban- 
 quet given in his honor by California Alpha 
 Chapter of the State University of Phi Delta 
 Theta fraternity. Mr. Harrison is a member 
 of Ohio Alpha of Miami University of this fra- 
 ternity of the class of 1852. 
 
 Mr. N. E. Wilson introduced the guest of the 
 evening in a few well-chosen remarks and pro- 
 posed the health of " the President;' Mr. Har- 
 rison responding, said : 
 
 My Friends and Brothers in this old society:— -I enjoy 
 this moment very much in being able to associate with 
 you. I was a member of the first chapter of this fraternity, 
 which you all know was founded at Miami University, Ox- 
 ford, O. I have not lost the impression of solemnity and rev- 
 erence which I experienced hunting in the dark in those 
 early times to find my chapter room, and I am very glad to 
 know that those meetings were not meetings in the dark. 
 I belonged to the order when it was young, and now I 
 find its members scattered in all States where they all 
 liold positions of trust and influence. I find that in its 
 
98 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 history it has produced nothing discreditable to itself, but 
 always something of which we may all well be proud. I 
 thank you for these few moments of association with 
 you. 
 
 SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 29. 
 
 From a beautiful stand, canopied with roses, 
 on the grounds of the Hotel Rudome, Mayor 
 Rucker introduced the President. 
 
 The President spoke as follows : 
 
 Fellow Citizens: — I am here again surprised and very 
 deeply touched by this outpouring of my fellow-citizen s 
 and by the deep and respectful interest which you have 
 taken in us. Icannot find words to express the delight 
 which we have felt as we observed the beauty and, more 
 than all, the comfort and prosperity which characterizes 
 the great state of California. 
 
 Everywhere we have been received with the most 
 kindly expression, and everywhere surprise has been in 
 ambush to excite our wondering admiration 
 
 I am glad to observe here, as I have elsewhere, that 
 my old comrades have turned out to witness afresh, by 
 this demonstration, their love of the flag and their vener- 
 ation for our American institutions. My comrades, I 
 greet you every one to-day. I doubt not that I see before 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 99 
 
 me representatives of the army from all of the States that 
 made contribution to that great armed force that subdued 
 rebellion and brought home the flag in honor and in 
 triumph. I hope you have found on this flowery and 
 prosperous land and the happy home you have built up 
 here, and the wives and children that graced your fireside, 
 a sweet contrast to those times of peril and hardship which 
 you have experienced in the army, and I trust, above all, 
 that under these genial and kindly influences you still 
 maintain that devotion to our institutions, and are teach- 
 ing it to your children, whom you are bringing up to 
 take our places, if it should be our sad fortune ever again 
 to be involved in strife. 
 
 We often speak of our children stepping in the foot- 
 steps of our fathers ; but I saw, a year ago in Boston, at 
 the great review of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
 thousands and thousands of veterans, aged and stricken 
 down with labor, who had passed by me with the same 
 springy step that characterized you when you carried 
 the flag from your home. So we will have to 
 leave this and the next generation to come to take 
 our place, knowing in their hands our institutions are 
 safe, and in their hands the honor and the glory of the 
 flag will be maintained, and we may quietly go to our 
 rest with God so long as we are true to ourselves, and 
 that our children will make any sacrifice for the flag will 
 manifest itself upon the proper occasion and at any cost. 
 Now, I thank you again most kindly for your friendly 
 
100 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 interest, and I must beg you to excuse any further speech 
 making, as we must journey on to other scenes like this. 
 Good-bye and God bless you, comrades. 
 
 MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 APRIL 30. 
 
 The Presidential party, with the invited 
 guests, were met at the Hotel del Monte by Dr. 
 Westfall, C. L Burks and J. T. Stockwell, mem- 
 bers of the Monterey reception committee. 
 The procession of carriages, arrayed in bunting 
 drove to the old Capitol, now a schoolhouse. 
 The whole populace was assembled in the green 
 square as the President came in sight, bells 
 were rung and the people filled the air wdth 
 shouts. Mayor Hill delivered an eloquent ad- 
 dress of welcome. He spoke of the town's his- 
 tory and its venerable associations, honored not 
 alone in California, but throughout the Union. 
 
 As a souvenir of the occasion, on behalf of 
 the citizens of Monterey, Mayor Hill presented 
 the President with a beautiful silver card in a 
 plush case. It had etched on it a miniature 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 101 
 
 picture of the old Monterey Custom-house. In 
 quaint script was lettered the following: 
 
 "Old Custom-house, where the American flag was 
 first raised in California, July 7, 1846. Monterey, April 
 30, 1891. Greeting to our President." 
 
 President Harrison's address bore a local col- 
 oring, which seemed to inspire him with apt 
 sentiment. He spoke as follows: 
 
 u Mr. Mayor and Fellow- Citizens:''' Our whole path- 
 way through the State of California has been paved with 
 good-will. We have been made to walk upon flowers. 
 Our hearts have been touched and refreshed at every 
 point by the voluntary offerings of your hospitable peo- 
 ple. Our trip has been one continual ovation of friend- 
 liness. I have had occasion to say before that no man is 
 entitled to appropriate to himself these tributes. They 
 witness a peculiar characteristic of the American people. 
 Unlike many other people less happy, we give our devo- 
 tion to a Government, to its Constitution, to its flag, and 
 not to men. We reverence and obey those who have 
 been placed by our own suffrages and choice in public 
 stations, but our allegiance, our affection, is given to our 
 beneficient institutions, and upon this rock our security 
 is based. We are not subject to those turbulent upris- 
 ings that prevail where the people follow leaders rather 
 than institutions; where they are caught by the glamoui 
 
102 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 and dash of brilliant men rather than by the steady law 
 of free institutions. 
 
 I rejoice to be for a moment among you this morn- 
 ing. The history of this city starts a train of reflections 
 in my mind that I cannot follow out in speech, but the 
 impression of them will remain with me as long as I 
 live. [Applause.] California and its coast was essential 
 to the integrity and completeness of the American Union. 
 But who can tell what may be the result of the establish- 
 ment here of free institutions, the setting up by the wisdom 
 and foresight and courage of the early pioneers in Cali- 
 fornia of a commonwealth that was very early received 
 into the American Union. We see to-day what has been 
 wrought. But who can tell what another century will 
 disclose, when these valleys have become thick with a 
 prosperous and thriving and happy people. I thank you 
 again for your cordial greeting and bid you good morn- 
 ing. [Cheers.] 
 
 SANTA CRUZ, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 MAY I. 
 
 Mayor Bowman presented the President who 
 made the following response. 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens: — It seems to me like 
 improvidence that all this tasteful and magnificent display 
 should be but for a moment. In all my journeying in 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 10* 
 
 California, where every city has presented some surprise 
 and where each has been characterized by lavish and 
 generous display, I have not seen anything so suddenly 
 created and yet so beautiful. I am sure we have not 
 ridden through any street more attractive than this. I 
 thank you most sincerely for this cordial welcome. I am 
 sure you are a loyal, and I know you are a loving and 
 kindly people. [Cheers.] We have been received, 
 strangers as we were, with affection, and everywhere, as 
 I look into the faces of this people, I feel my heart swell 
 with pride that I am an American and that California is 
 one of the American states. [Cheers.] 
 
 THE BIG TREES. 
 
 A short visit was made to these California 
 wonders. The President gazed in awe and ad- 
 miration at the forest of immense trees into 
 which the train had thundered. President and 
 Mrs. Harrison and twenty-five other members 
 of the party entered the hollow trunk of the 
 great tree once occupied by General Fremont. 
 They could move about within its dark interior 
 with perfect ease. With hands joined thirteen, 
 of the party, including the President, spanned 
 the Giant, one of the largest of the redwoods. 
 
:104 FROM THE A TLAN1IC 
 
 LOS GATOS, CALIFORNIA 
 
 MAY I. 
 
 The President received a royal welcome, in 
 which the local militia, Grand Army men, 
 Knights of Pythias and nearly all the inhabi- 
 tants of the snrronnding country participated. 
 He made the following address. 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — If California had lodged a com- 
 plaint against the last census I should have been inclined 
 to entertain it and to order your people to be counted 
 again. [Laughter.] From what I have seen in these 
 days of pleasant travel through your state, I am sure the 
 census enumerators have not taken you all. We have 
 had another surprise in coming over these mountains, to 
 find that not the valleys alone of California, but its hill 
 tops are capable of productive cultivation. We have been 
 greatly surprised to see vineyards and orchards at these 
 altitudes and to know that your fields rival in productive- 
 ness the famous valleys of your state. 
 
 I thank you for your cordial greeting. It overpowers 
 me. I feel that these brief stops are but poor recom- 
 pense for the trouble and care you have taken. I wish 
 we could tarry longer with you. I wish I could know 
 more of you individually, but I can only thank you and 
 say that we will carry away most happy impressions of 
 California, and that in public and in private life it will 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 105 
 
 give me pleasure always to show my appreciation of your 
 great state. [Cheers.] 
 
 At the California Institute for the Deaf and 
 Blind. 
 
 In response to a short address by C. F. Wilk- 
 inson, superintendent, President Harrison said : 
 
 It gives me great pleasure to visit these institutions, 
 and I thank you for your welcome. These are institu- 
 tions of modern civilization, and have been established 
 in all the states. In the early and barbarous ages the 
 afflicted were allowed to suffer neglect and wretchedness. 
 Now you have homes for their comfort and their educa- 
 tion. Where affliction has closed one avenue to the 
 mind, science has found a way to open another, and there- 
 by the beauties of nature are revealed. I am sure that 
 gladness has found its way to all these hearts, and that 
 science has found a way for you to have happiness in life. 
 I wish you happiness. 
 
 Little Lillie Smith, a blind girl five years of 
 age, then presented the President with a small 
 basket of choice flowers, asking him to accept 
 them on behalf of the children of the institute. 
 
 The President bowed in acknowledgment 
 of the gift. 
 
106 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 The porch was prettily draped with bunting 
 and flags were numerous, presenting a gay ap- 
 pearance. 
 
 President Harrison's carriage turned and he 
 was driven away amid the waving of flags and 
 handkerchiefs of the poor afflicted little children. 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 MAY i. 
 
 At the Chamber of Commerce, the President 
 of the United States was received by the repre- 
 sentatives of the various commercial bodies of 
 the city. 
 
 Col. Taylor, president of the Chamber of 
 Commerce, made a speech of some length, touch- 
 ing upon the agricultural wealth of California, 
 and the shipping interests of San Francisco, clos- 
 ing with a warm welcome to the President. 
 
 The President made the following reply : 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen of these assembled Socie- 
 ties:— I have been subjected during my stay in California, 
 in some respects, to the same treatment the policeman 
 accords to the tramp — I have been kept moving on. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 107 
 
 [Laughter and applause.] You have substituted flowers 
 and kindness for the policeman's baton. And yet, not- 
 withstanding all this, we come to you this morning not 
 exhausted or used up, but a little fatigued. Your cordial 
 greetings are more exhilerating than your wine, [ap- 
 plause] and perhaps safer for the constitution. [Laugh- 
 ter and applause.] 
 
 I am glad to stand in the presence of this assemblage 
 of business men. I have tried to make this a business 
 administration. [Applause.] Of course we cannot wholly 
 separate politics from a national administration, but I 
 have felt that every public officer owed his best service 
 to the people without distinction of party. [ Cries of 
 "Good! good!" and applause]; that in administering 
 official trusts we were in a very strict sense, not merely 
 in a figurative sense, your servants. It has been my de- 
 sire that in every branch of the public service there 
 should be improvements. I have stimulated all the sec- 
 retaries and have received stimulus from them in the en- 
 deavor, in all the departments of the Government that 
 touch your business life to give you as perfect a service 
 as possible. [Cries of "Good! Good!" and applause.] 
 This we owe to you ; but if I were pursuing party ends 
 I should feel that I was by such methods establishing my 
 party in the confidence of the people. [Applause.] I feel 
 that we have come to a point where American industries, 
 American commerce and American influence are to be 
 revived and extended. [ Applause.] The American sen- 
 
108 FROM THE A TLA N TIC 
 
 timent and feeling was never more controlling than now ; 
 and I do not use that term in the narrow sense of native 
 American, but to embrace all loyal citizens, whether na- 
 tive born or adopted, who have the love of our flag in 
 their hearts. [ Great cheering.] I shall speak to-night, 
 probably at the banquet of business men, and will not 
 enter into any lengthy discussion here. Indeed, I am 
 careful not to trespass upon any forbidden topic, that I 
 may not in the smallest degree offend those who have 
 forgotten party politics in extending this greeting to us, 
 and I do not know how far I should talk upon these pub- 
 lic questions. But, since your chairman has alluded to 
 them, I can say I am in hearty sympathy with the sug- 
 gestions he has made. [Applause.] I believe there are 
 methods by which we shall put the American flag upon 
 the sea again. [Applause.] In speaking the other day 
 I used an illustration which will perhaps be apt in this 
 company of merchants. You recall, all of you, certainly 
 those of my age, the time when no merchant sent out 
 traveling men. He expected the buyer to come to his 
 store. Perhaps that was well enough ; but certain enter- 
 prising men sought custom by putting traveling men with 
 samples on the road. However the conservative merchant 
 regarded that innovation, he had but one choice — to put 
 traveling men on the road or go out of business. In this 
 question of shipping we are in a similar condition. The 
 great commercial governments of the world have stimulat- 
 ed their shipping interest by direct or indirect subsidies, 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 100 
 
 while we have been saying, " No, we prefer the old way." 
 We must advance or — I will not say go out of business, for 
 we have already gone out. [ Applause.] I thank you 
 most cordially for your greeting, and bid you good-by. 
 [ Applause.] 
 
 AT THE PAVILION. 
 
 MAY i. 
 
 The President and party were escorted to 
 the Mechanics Pavilion by a detail of mounted 
 police and the three regiments of the 2d Brigade 
 of the California National Guard. 
 
 No heartier reception was accorded the Pres- 
 ident on the Pacific coast than that at the 
 Pavilion, where he spoke to hundreds of 
 veterans of the civil war, gazed into the faces 
 of thousands of school children and was cheered 
 by thousands of citizens. 
 
 Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic: — It will 
 not be possible in so large a hall for me to make myself 
 heard, and yet I cannot refuse when appealed to to say 
 a word of kindly greeting to those comrades who have 
 found their homes on the Pacific coast. I have no doubt 
 that all the loyal States of the Union are represented in 
 this assembly, and it is a pleasure to know that after the 
 
110 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 strife and hardships of those years of battle you have 
 found among the flowers and fruits of the earth, homes 
 that are full of pleasantness and peace. 
 
 It was that these things might continue to he that 
 you went to battle ; it was that these homes might be 
 preserved ; it was that the flag and all it symbolizes 
 might be perpetuated that you fought and many of our 
 comrades died. All this land calls you blessed. The 
 fruits of division and strife that would have been ours if 
 secession had succeeded, would have been full of bitter- 
 ness. The end that was attained by your valor under 
 the providence of God has brought peace and prosperity 
 to all the States. [ Applause.] 
 
 It gave me great pleasure in passing through the 
 Southern States to see how your work had contributed 
 to their prosperity. No man can look upon any of these 
 States through which we campaigned and fought without 
 realizing that what seemed to their people a disaster was, 
 under God, the opening of a great gate of prosperity and 
 happiness. [ Applause.] 
 
 All those fires of industry which I saw through the 
 south were lighted at the funeral pyre of slavery. [ Cries 
 of " Good," " Good" and applause-] They were impos- 
 sible under the conditions that existed previously in 
 those States. We are now a homogeneous people. You, 
 in California, full of pride and satisfaction with the great- 
 ness of your State will always set above it the greater 
 glory and the greater citizenship which our flag symbol- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. Ill 
 
 izes. [ Cheers.] You went into the war for the defense 
 of the Union ; you have come out to make your contri- 
 bution to the industries and progress of this age of peace. 
 As, in our States of the Northwest, the winter covering 
 of snow hides and warms the vegetation, and, with the 
 coming of the spring sun, melts and sinks into the earth 
 to refresh the root, so this great army was a covering and 
 defense, and, when the war was ended, turned into rivulets 
 of refreshment to all the pursuits of peace. [Applause.] 
 There was nothing greater in all the world's story than 
 the assembling of this army except its disbandment. 
 [Applause.] It was an army of citizens: and, when the 
 war was over, the soldier was not left at the tavern — he 
 had a fireside towards which his steps hastened. He 
 ceased to be a soldier and became a citizen. [ Cheers.] 
 
 I observe, as I look into j r our faces, that the youth of 
 the army must have settled on the Pacific coast. [Laugh- 
 ter and applause.] You are younger men here than we 
 are in the habit of meeting at our Grand Army post in 
 the East. May all prosperity attend you ; may you be 
 able to show yourselves in civil life, as in the war, the 
 steadfast, unfaltering, devoted friends of this flag you 
 are willing to die for. [ Great cheering.] 
 
 When the military review and reception at 
 the Pavilion closed the President was driven to 
 the Palace Hotel, where the ladies and other 
 members of the party had preceded him. 
 
112 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 The ingenuity of the florist had converted the 
 hotel into a wonderful flower show— from striking 
 decorations in the court yard to the exquisitely ap- 
 pointed rooms of the President and Mrs. Harri- 
 son. Some of the most beautiful floral pieces 
 ever made in this city were placed here, the 
 largest, a gift to Mrs. Harrison, being a bed of 
 La France roses 5 feet in diameter. Above it 
 were two horns of plenty, made of pansies and 
 roses. Surrounding the whole was a huge crown 
 of La France roses. 
 
 THE BANQUET, 
 
 MAY 1. 
 
 At the banquet in honor of President Harri- 
 son there was a large representation of the 
 business, professional, political, educational and 
 society circles of this city. Of all the entertain- 
 ments extended to the President and his party 
 on the Pacific coast, the banquet was probably 
 one of the most select. 
 
 After the dinner and when the dessert and 
 champagne were announced by the bill of fare, 
 General Barnes arose and introduced the Presi- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 113 
 
 dent in a neat speech. The President answered 
 
 as follows: 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen:— When the Queen of 
 Sheba visited the court of Solomon and saw its splendors 
 she was compelled to testify that the half had not been 
 told her. Undoubtedly the emissaries of Solomon's court 
 who had penetrated to her distant territory found them- 
 selves in a like situation to that which attends Califor- 
 nians when they travel East ; they are afraid too much 
 to put to test the credulity of their hearers. [ Laughter 
 applause.] And as a gentleman of your state said to 
 me, it has resulted in a prevailing indisposition among 
 Californians to tell the truth out of California. [ Laugh- 
 ter and applause.] Not all because Californians are un- 
 friendly to the truth, [Laughter.] but solely out of com- 
 passion to their hearers. [Laughter.] They address 
 themselves to the capacity of those who hear them, 
 [ Laughter.] and, taking warning by the fate of the man 
 who told a sovereign of the Indies that he had seen wa- 
 ter so solid that it could be walked upon, they do not 
 carry their best stories away from home. [ Laughter.] 
 
 It has been, much as I have seen of California, a 
 brilliant delusion to me and to those who have 
 journeyed with me. The half had not been told of the 
 productiveness of your valleys, of the blossoming or- 
 chards, of the gardens laden with flowers. We have seen 
 and been entranced. Our pathway has been strewn with 
 flowers. 
 
114 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 We have been surprised when we were in a region 
 of orchards and roses to be suddenly pulled up to a sta- 
 tion and asked to address some remarks to a pyramid of 
 pig tin. [Laughter and applause.] Products of the mine, 
 rare and exceptional, have been added to the products of 
 the field until the impression has been made upon my 
 mind that if any new want should be developed in the 
 arts, possibly if any want should be developed in states- 
 manship, or any vacancies in office, [ Great laughter.] 
 we have a safe reservoir that can be drawn upon ad libi- 
 tum. [ Laughter and applause.] 
 
 But my friends, sweeter than all the incense of flow- 
 ers, richer than all the products of mines, has been the 
 gracious, unaffected and hearty kindness with which the 
 people of California have everywhere received us ] great 
 applause] — without division, without dissent, a simple 
 and yet magnificent American welcome. [Great applause.] 
 
 It is gratifying that it should be so. We may carry 
 into our campaigns, into our conventions and congresses, 
 discussions and divisions ; but how grand it is that we 
 are a people who bow reverently to the decision when it 
 is rendered, and who will follow the flag everywhere, 
 always and with entire devotion of heart, without asking 
 what party may have furnished the leader in whose hands 
 it is placed. [ Enthusiastic cheering.] 
 
 I believe we have come to a new epoch as a nation. 
 There are opening portals before us, inviting us to enter, 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 115 
 
 opening portals to trade and influence and prestige such 
 as we have never seen before. [ Great applause.] 
 
 We will pursue the paths of peace. We are not a 
 warlike nation. All our instincts, all our history is in 
 the lines of peace. [ Applause.] Only intolerable aggres- 
 sion, only the peril of our institutions or the flag can 
 thoroughly arouse us. [ Great applause.] 
 
 With capabilities for war, on land or sea, unexcelled 
 by any nation in the world, we are smitten with the love 
 of peace. [ Applause.] 
 
 We would promote the peace of this hemisphere by 
 placing judiciously some large guns about the Golden 
 Gate [ great and enthusiastic cheering ] simply for salut- 
 ing purposes [laughter and cheers ], and yet they should 
 be of the best modern type. [ Cheers.] 
 
 We should have on the sea some good vessels. We 
 don't need as great a navy as some other people, but we 
 do need a sufficient navy of first class ships simply to 
 make sure that the peace of the hemisphere is preserved 
 [cheers], simply that we may not leave the great distant 
 marts of commerce and our few citizens who may be 
 domiciled there to feel lonesome for the sight of the 
 American flag. [ Cheers.] 
 
 We are making fine progress in the construction of 
 the navy. The best English constructors have testified 
 to the completeness and perfection of some of our latest 
 ships. It is a source of great gratification to me that here 
 in San Francisco the energy, enterprise and courage of 
 
116 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 some of your citizens have constructed a plant capable 
 of building the best modern ships. [Cries of "Good! 
 good !" and cheers.] I saw with great delight the mag- 
 nificent launch of one of these new vessels. I hope that 
 you may so enlarge your capacities for construction that 
 it will not be necessary to send any naval vessel around 
 the Horn. [ Cheers.] 
 
 We want merchant ships. [ Cheers.] I believe we 
 have come to a time when we should choose whether we 
 will continue to be non-participants in the commerce of 
 the world or will now vigorously, with the push and 
 energy which our people have shown in other lines of 
 enterprise, claim our share of the world's commerce. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 I will not enter into the discussion of methods. The 
 Postal bill of the last session of Congress makes a begin- 
 ning. Here in California, where, for so long a time, a 
 postal service that did not pay its own way was main- 
 tained by the Government, where for other years the 
 Government has maintained mail lines into your valleys, 
 reaching out to every remote community and paying out 
 yearly a hundred times the revenue that was derived, it 
 ought not to be difficult to persuade you that our ocean 
 mail should not longer be the only service for which we 
 refuse to expend even the revenues derived from it. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 It is my belief that under the operation of the law to 
 which I have referred we shall be able to stimulate ship 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 117 
 
 building to secure some new lines of American steam- 
 ships and to increase the ports of call of those now estab- 
 lished. [ Enthusiastic cheering.] 
 
 It will be my first effort to do what may be done un- 
 der the powers lodged in me by the law to open and 
 increase trade with the counties of Central and South 
 America. [ Cheers.] I hope it may not be long. I know 
 it will not be long if we but unitedly pursue this great 
 scheme until one can take a sail in the bay of San Fran- 
 cisco and see some deepwater ships come in bearing our 
 own flag. [ Enthusiastic and continued cheering.] 
 
 During our excursion the other day I saw three great 
 vessels come in ; one carried the Hiwaiian flag and two 
 the English flag. 
 
 I am a thorough believer in the Nicaragua canal. 
 [Cheers.] You have pleased me so much that I would 
 like a shorter water communication between my state 
 and yours. [Cheers.] Influences and operations are 
 now started that will complete, I am sure, this stately 
 
 enterprise. . . 
 
 But my fellow-citizens, and Mr. President, this is the 
 fifth time this day that I have talked to gatherings of 
 California friends, and we have so much taxed the hos- 
 pitality of San Francisco [ cries of " No, no !"] in making 
 our arrangements to make this city the center of a whole 
 week's sight seeing, that I do not want to add to your 
 other burdens the infliction of a longer speech, [cries 
 of 4< Goon!"l 
 
118 FROM THE A TLA N TIC 
 
 Right royally have you welcomed us with all that is 
 rich and prodigal in provisions and display, with all gen- 
 erousness and friendliness. I leave my heart with you 
 when I go. [Great and prolonged cheering.] 
 
 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 MAY 2. 
 
 Mayor Comstock presented Gov. Markham 
 who delivered the address of welcome. 
 
 WELCOME TO THE EXECUTIVE. 
 
 He said, addressing the President : At almost the 
 close of your visit to our State, it is again my pleasant 
 duty to meet and welcome you. * * * * * * * 
 
 Mr. President, you now stand upon historic ground. 
 Within the limits of this city are the crumbling ruins of 
 Sutter's Fort, where that generous old pioneer dispensed 
 hospitality with a lavish hand, reigned like a feudal lord, 
 and gave to all new comers a hearty and hospitable wel- 
 come after their dangerous and toilsome journey of 
 months, which was required to reach the Pacific shores. 
 It is but a step to the spot w r here the discovery of gold 
 was made, an event which has had more influence, per- 
 haps, upon the commerce and progress of our country 
 than any material event since the great Columbus 
 crossed the supposed impassable ocean. The discovery 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 119 
 
 of gold at Coloma has furnished the life-blood of com- 
 merce, giving impetus to enterprises without a parallel 
 and more than doubled the value of all the property of 
 the republic. 
 
 I find it much easier, Mr. President, to say greetings 
 than farewells, but I assure you that you depart with the 
 prayers of our people for your safe return, and their good 
 wishes for your future prosperity. 
 
 " As President Harrison stood npon the 
 elevated platform in front of the Capitol build- 
 ing and looked down upon and over the vast 
 sea of human faces that were upturned to his 
 with so much respect and admiration expressed 
 thereon, he would have been less than human 
 if his heart did not respond to such a greeting. 
 Standing there in the soft atmosphere of a per- 
 fect California spring morning, in the presence 
 of from twelve to fifteen thousand people, rep- 
 resenting every element in the community ; 
 looking out upon the tree-embowered streets 
 and happy homes that surrounded him ; upon 
 the hundreds of prettily dressed school children 
 who waved their little flags at him, and who had 
 just strewn his pathway with roses almost knee- 
 deep — it is no wonder the President paused in his 
 
120 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 remarks, and said there was no person so gifted 
 of tongne as to be able to give fitting expres- 
 sion to the thoughts and feelings that thrilled 
 his brain and heart at that moment. 
 
 It was one of those events that occur so 
 rarely within the average limit of a lifetime, 
 when one feels that words are meaningless, and 
 that the eloquence of silence alone can do 
 justice to the grandeur and sublimity of the 
 occasion. Everyone who stood within sight of 
 the President as he gazed in silence at the 
 charming and animated picture spread out be- 
 fore him, could read in his face that his heart 
 was full of gratitude and pride — that he fully 
 appreciated the people's patriotism and respect 
 for the high office he represented, and that he 
 was proud to know that here, on the far away 
 sunset slopes of the continent, the people are 
 all Americans — all happy, prosperous, con- 
 tented, and loyal to their country." 
 
 THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH. 
 
 Governor Markham and Fellow Citizens: — Our eyes 
 have rested upon no more beautiful or impressive sight 
 since we entered California. This fresh delightful morn- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 121 
 
 ing ; this vast assemblage of contented and happy peo- 
 ple; this impressive building, dedicated to the uses of 
 civil Government— all things to us— tend to inspire our 
 hearts with pride and with gratitude. 
 
 Gratitude to that overruling Providence that turned 
 hither, after the discovery of this continent, the steps of 
 those who had the capacity to organize a free and a rep- 
 resentative government ; gratitude for that Providence 
 that has developed those feeble colonies and the inhos- 
 pitable coast into these millions of prosperous people, 
 who have found another sea and bordered its sunny 
 shores with a happy and a growing people. [Applause.] 
 Gratitude to that Providence that led us through civil 
 strife to glory, and to a perfection of unity as people 
 that was not otherwise possible. Gratitude, that we 
 have to-day a union of free States, without a slave to 
 stand as a rebuke and a reproach to that immortal dec 
 laration upon which our Government rests. [Applause.] 
 Pride, that our people have achieved so much; that 
 these early pioneers who struggled in the face of dis- 
 couragement and difficulties more appalling than those 
 that met Columbus when he turned the prows of his lit- 
 tle vessels towards an unknown shore — the perils of 
 starvation, the perils of savage Indians, the perils of 
 sickness — and yet triumphing over all these difficulties, 
 they burst out upon this sunny slope of the Pacific, to 
 set up here the starry banner and to establish civil insti- 
 tutions. [Applause.] Every Californian who has fol- 
 
122 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 lowed iu their footsteps, every man and woman who is 
 to-day enjoying the harvest of their brave endeavor, 
 should always lift his hat to a pioneer of 1849. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 We stand here at the political center of a great State, 
 at this building where your law-makers assemble, chosen 
 by your suffrages to execute your will in framing those 
 rules of conduct which shall control the life of the citizen. 
 May you always find here patriotic and conscientious 
 men to do your work ; may they always assemble here 
 with a high sense of duty to this brave, intelligent and 
 honorable people ; may they catch the great lesson of 
 our Government, that our people need only such regula- 
 tions as shall restrain the ill-disposed, and which will 
 give the largest liberty to individual enterprise and effort. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 May all blessings attend you. No man is gifted with 
 speech to describe the beauty and the impressiveness of 
 this great occasion. I am awed in this presence. I bow 
 reverentially to this great assemblage of free, intelligent 
 and enterprising American sovereigns. [Applause.] 
 
 Now we must bid you farewell. I am glad to have 
 had this hasty glympse of this earliest center of immigra- 
 tion and enterprise. I am glad to stand in the locality 
 where that memorable event, the discovery of gold, trans- 
 pired; and yet, after you have washed your sand for gold, 
 after the eager rush for sudden wealth, after all these, 
 you have come into a richer heritage, into the possession 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 
 
 123 
 
 of those fields, in these enduring and inexhaustible treas- 
 ures of your soil which will perpetually sustain a great 
 population. 
 
 Again, and in parting, sir, to you, the representative 
 of this people, I give the most hearty thanks of all these 
 journeying with me and mine, for the kindly and contin- 
 uous, yea, even affectionate attention which have followed 
 us in all our footsteps through California. 
 
 SACRAMENTO'S SOUVENIR. 
 
 Ex-Governor Booth presented the Executive 
 with a handsome souvenir on behalf of the 
 people of Sacramento. It consists of a massive 
 gold disc which bears the seal of the city on 
 one side, and on the other the following in- 
 scription : 
 
 Compliments of 
 The Citizens of Sacramento to 
 PRESIDENT AND MRS. HARRISON, 
 On the Occasion of their Visit, 
 
 May second, 
 eighteen hundred ninety-one. 
 
124 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 BENICIA, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 MAY 2. 
 
 The President's special train stopped a few 
 minutes at Benicia, and a floral tribute in the 
 shape of a cannon was presented to the Presi- 
 dent by the school children, who were drawn up 
 in a body. In excepting the flowers the Presi- 
 dent said: 
 
 My Friends: — I thank you most sincerely for this 
 pleasant tribute which I have received from these child- 
 ren. It is a curious thing perhaps that among the earli- 
 est names that became familiar to me in my younger 
 days was Benicia. In 1857, when the United States sent 
 an armed expedition to Utah, and thence across the con- 
 tinent, I happened to have an elder and much beloved 
 brother who was a lieutenant in that campagne. He 
 was stationed at Benicia barracks, and his letters from 
 this place have fixed it in my memory and recall to me, 
 as I stand here this morning, very tender memories of 
 one who has long since gone to his rest. I thank you 
 again for this demonstration. 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO. 
 
 MAY 2. 
 
 A grand reception was given to President 
 Harrison and his party in the club-house of the 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 125 
 
 Union League in the evening. It was no doubt 
 as hearty and cordial as any he has been tendered, 
 and will doubtless remember the pleasant affair 
 as being one of the most, if not the most, nota- 
 ble of any in which he has taken part since his 
 arrival upon the Pacific coast. 
 
 The reception over, Samuel Shortridge 
 stepped before the President and in a short 
 address presented him a souvenir, gold plate six 
 by four inches in size, bearing a fac-simile of 
 the invitation. In the lower left-hand corner 
 was the great seal of the State worked in vari- 
 ous colors of gold and underneath the seal, 
 which was raised, was a standard and an Amer- 
 ican flag in enameled colors. 
 
 The President accepted the souvenir with a 
 
 bow, and said : 
 
 California is full of ambuscades, not hostile, but with 
 all the embarrassments that attend surprise. In hasty 
 driving this afternoon, when I thought I was to visit 
 Oakland, I was suddenly drawn up in front of a college 
 and asked to make an address. A moment afterward I 
 was before an assylum for deaf, dumb and blind, the 
 character of which I did not know until the carriage 
 stopped in front of it. All this taxes the ingenuity, as 
 
126 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 your kindness moves the heart of one who is making a 
 hurried journey through California. 
 
 I do not need such souvenirs as this to keep fresh in 
 my heart this visit to your State. It will be pleasant, 
 however, to show to others who have not participated in 
 this enjoyment — this record of a trip that has been very 
 eventful, and one of perpetual sunshine and happiness. 
 I do not think I could have endured the labor and toil of 
 travel unless I had been borne up by the inspiriting and 
 hearty good will of your people. I do not know what 
 collapse is in store for me when it is withdrawn. I fear 
 I shall need a vigorous tonic to keep up to the high level 
 of enjoyment and inspiration which your kind treatment 
 has given me. 
 
 I thank you for this pleasant social enjoyment and 
 this souvenir of it. 
 
 RED BLUFF, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 MAY 4. " 
 
 A large crowd assembled at the station and 
 gave the President a most enthusiastic welcome. 
 Capt. Matlock, an old army comrade, introduced 
 the President to the people. President Harri- 
 son in his speech referred to Capt. Matlock, and 
 to a number of Indiana people whom he had 
 met in this state. Continuing he said : 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 127 
 
 My Friends: — You have a most beautiful state, cap- 
 able of promoting the comfort of your citizens in a very- 
 high degree, and although already occupying a high 
 place in the galaxy of states, it will, I am sure, take a 
 much higher one. It is pleasant to see how the Ameri- 
 can spirit prevails among all your people, love for the 
 flag and its constitution, those settled and permanent 
 things that live wherever man go or come. They come 
 to us from our fathers and will pass down to our children. 
 You are blessed with a genial climate and most product- 
 ive soil. I see you have in this northern part of Cali- 
 fornia what I have seen elsewhere, a well ordered com- 
 munity, with churches and schools, which indicates that 
 you are not giving all your thoughts to material things, 
 but are thinking of those things that qualify the soul for 
 the hereafter. We have been treated to another surprise 
 this morning in the first shower we have seen in Califor- 
 nia. I congratulate you that it rained here. May all 
 the blessings fall on you like this gentle rain. [Cheers.] 
 
 REDDING, CALIFORNIA. 
 
 MAY 4. 
 
 Showers of flowers and a national salute 
 greeted the President. He spoke as follows : 
 
 Fellow Citizens: — It is very pleasant as we near the 
 northern line of California, after having traveled the val- 
 
128 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 leys of the south, and are soon to leave the state in 
 which we have had so much pleasurable intercourse with 
 its people, to see, as I have seen here, a multitude of con- 
 tented, prosperous and happy people. I am assured that 
 you are here a homogeneous people, Americans by birth 
 or by free choice, lovers of one flag, one constitution. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 It seems to me, as I look into the faces of these Cali- 
 fornia audiences, that life must be easier here than it is 
 in the East I see absolutely no evidence of want. Every 
 one seems to be well nourished. Your appearance gives 
 evidence that the family board is well supplied, and the 
 gladness on your faces is evidence that in your social rela- 
 tions everything is quiet, orderly and hopeful. I thank 
 you for your friendly demonstrations. I wish it were 
 possible for me to do more in exchange for all your great 
 kindness than simply to say thank you. But I do fondly 
 thank you, and shall carry away from your state the very 
 happiest impressions and the very pleasantest memories- 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 MEDFORD, OREGON. 
 
 MAY 5. 
 
 The visit to Medford was acknowledged by 
 a general illumination of the town, bonfires be- 
 ing particularly numerous. The President was 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 129 
 
 introduced to the throng by the Mayor of Med- 
 ford, and made the following speech : 
 
 Comrades and Fellow Citizens:— It gives me great 
 pleasure to see you to-night, especially to these old com- 
 rades' greeting. I would have you think me as a com- 
 rade. I recall those army scenes which are fresh in your 
 minds as well— the scenes of privation, suffering and 
 battle— and I am glad to see that the old flag you 
 took to the field and brought home in honor is still held 
 in honor among you. It is a beautiful emblem of a great 
 Government. We ought to teach our children to love it 
 and to regard it as a sacred thing— a thing for which men 
 have died and for which men will die. It symbolizes the 
 government of the states under one constitution, for while 
 you are all Oregonians as I am an Indianian, and each has 
 his pride in State institutions, and all that properly pertains 
 to our Stategovernment, we have a larger and greater 
 pride in the fact that we are citizens of a nation, of a union 
 of states having a common constitution. It is this flag that 
 represents us on the sea and in foreign countries; it is under 
 this flag that our navies sail and our armies march. I 
 thank you for this cordial greeting. I hope you have 
 found in this state comfortable homes, and that in the 
 years that remain to you, God will follow you with those 
 blessings which your courage and patriotism and sacri- 
 fices have so well merited. [Cheers.] 
 
130 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 ALBANY, OREGON. 
 
 MAY 5. 
 
 The cadets of the State Agricultural college 
 at Corvallis, twelve miles distant, were drawn 
 up in line at the station and formed part of the 
 reception committee. There was a fine display 
 of flags and a profusion of floral tributes. 
 Mayor J. L. Cowan introduced the president to 
 the throng. President Harrison acknowledged 
 their cheers with the following address : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: — It gives me great pleasure to 
 see you, and to have the testimony of your presence here 
 this wet morning to the interest you take in this little 
 party of strangers that are pausing only for a moment in 
 your midst. We do not need any assurance, as we look 
 over an American audience like this, that upon some 
 things, at least, we are of one mind. One of these things 
 is that we have a union indissoluble ; that we have a flag 
 we all honor and that shall suffer no dishonor from any 
 quarter. While I regret the inclemency of the morning, 
 I have been thinking that after all there was a sort of 
 instructive moral force in the uncertainty of the weather, 
 which our friends in Southern California do not enjoy. 
 How can a boy or young woman be well trained in self 
 denial and resignation who does not know what it is to 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 131 
 
 have a picnic or a picnic dress spoiled by a shower, or 
 some fishing excursion by a storm? I thank you for 
 this welcome. 
 
 SALEM, OREGON. 
 
 MAY 5. 
 
 The Presidential party were driven to the 
 Capitol where addresses were delivered by Gov- 
 ernor Pennoyer, bidding the President welcome 
 to Oregon, and by Mayor D'Arcy in behalf of 
 Salem. The President made the following 
 response : 
 
 Governor Pemioyer, Mr. Mayor, a?id Felloiv Citizens: 
 —It is very pleasant to be assured by these kindly words 
 which have been spoken by the chief officer of this munic- 
 ipality that we are welcome to the state of Oregon and 
 to the city of Salem. 
 
 I find here, as I have found elsewhere, that these cor- 
 dial words of welcome are repeated with increased em- 
 phasis by the kindly faces of those who assemble to greet 
 us I am glad that here, as elsewhere, we look into the 
 faces of happy, prosperous, contented, liberty-loving, 
 patriotic, American citizen. [Applause.] 
 
 The wholesome and just division of power between 
 the three great independent co-ordinate branches of 
 
132 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 government — executive, legislative, and judicial — have 
 already demonstrated that what seems to the nations of 
 Europe to be a complicated and jangling system, produces 
 in fact the most perfect harmony, and the most complete 
 and satisfactory organization for social order and for nat- 
 ional strength. 
 
 We stand here today in one of these halls set apart 
 to the law-making power of your state ; those who assem- 
 ble here are chosen by your suffrages — they come here 
 as representatives to enact into law those views of pub- 
 lic questions which have met the sanction of a majority 
 of your people, expressed in an orderly and honest way 
 at your ballot boxes. I hope it may be alway found to 
 be true of Oregon that your legislative body is a repre- 
 sentative body, that coming from the people its service 
 is consecrated to the people, and the purpose of its creat- 
 ion is attained by leaving the well-ordered and well dis- 
 posed the largest liberty, by curbing by wholesome laws 
 the ill-disposed and the lawless, and providing by econo- 
 mical methods for the public need. The judiciary, that 
 comes next in our system, to interpret and to apply the 
 public statute, has been, in our country, a safe refuge for 
 all who are oppressed, a wise tribunal for the decision of 
 all public questions, and it is greatly to our credit as a 
 nation that with rare exceptions those who have worn 
 the judicial ermine, the high tribunals of our country, 
 and notably the supreme court of the United States, have 
 continued to retain the confidence of the people of the 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 133 
 
 whole country. The duty of the executive is to admin- 
 ister law ; the power of the militia is lodged with him. 
 He does not frame statutes, though in most states and 
 under our national government a veto power is lodged 
 in him with a view to require reconsideration of any 
 particular measure. But a public executive has one 
 plain duty ; it is to enforce all laws, with kindness and 
 prudence, but with promptness and with inexorable de- 
 cision [prolonged applause.] He cannot choose what 
 laws he will enforce any more than the citizen will choose 
 what laws he will obey. It is the law, having passed through 
 those constitutional forms which are necessary to make 
 it binding upon the people, and that king, all men must 
 obey [applause.] It is a great pleasure to find so general 
 a disposition everywhere to obey the law. I have but 
 one message for the North or for the South, the East or 
 West, as I journey through this land— it is to hold up 
 the law [ applause ] and to say everywhere that every 
 man owes an allegiance to it, and that all law-breakers 
 must be left to the deliberate and quiet and safe dispo- 
 sition of an established tribunal. [Applause,] 
 
 You are well proud of your great state. Its capabili- 
 ties are numerous ; its adaptations to comfortable life are 
 peculiar and fine, and years will bring you increased pop- 
 ulation and increased wealth. I hope they will bring 
 with them, marching in this state of progress of material 
 things, those finer things — education, piety, respect for 
 the law, pure homes and orderly lives [ applause ] ; but 
 
134 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 over all this matter of state pride— over all our rejoicing 
 in the facilities of life which are about us in our respect- 
 ive states, we look with greater pride to that great arch of 
 government that unites these states and makes of them 
 all one great nation. [Prolonged applause.] 
 
 But, my fellow citizens, the difficulties which I already 
 see interposed between us and a train which is scheduled 
 to depart very soon — difficulties growing out of your 
 friendliness, wara me to bring these remarks to a speedy 
 close. I beg again, most profoundly, to thank you for 
 this evidence of your respect— for this evidence of your 
 love for the institutions of our common country. [Pro- 
 longed applause and cheering.] 
 
 PORTLAND, OREGON. 
 
 MAY 5. 
 
 Notwithstanding the wet and disagreeable 
 weather on the arrival of the Presidential train 
 the splendid procession under command of Col. 
 T. M. Anderson, U. S. A., consisting of the 
 Fourteenth Regulars, Infantry and Artillery of 
 the Oregon National Guard, G. A. R., Civic 
 Societies and four hundred schoolchildren were 
 reviewed by the President. At the Exposition 
 building in the evening, Mayor Mack DeLush- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 135 
 
 mutt in a speech of welcome presented the Pres- 
 ident to an audience of upwards of fifteen thous- 
 and citizens of Portland. 
 The President's speech : 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens: — No more brilliant or 
 inspiring scene than this has been presented to our eyes 
 in this wonderful series of receptions which have been 
 extended to us on our journey. You have been filled 
 with regret to-day that your weeping skies did not pre- 
 sent to us the fair spectacle which you had hoped ; and 
 yet this very discouragement has but added to the glory 
 of this magnificent reception. [Cheers.] To stand in 
 the bright sunshine of a genial day and to wave a wel- 
 come is not so strong a proof of the affectionate interest 
 of a people as you have given to-day standing in this 
 down-pouring rain. [Cheers.] In the presence of a 
 multitude like this, in a scene made brilliant by these 
 decorations, I stand inadequate to any suitable expres- 
 sion of the gratitude that fills my heart. [Cheers.] 
 
 I was quite inclined to stand by the superintendent of 
 the census in the count which he made of the states ; 
 but I am afraid if I had witnessed this scene, pending 
 your application for a recount, that it would have been 
 granted. [Laughter and great cheering.] I am sorry 
 that it could not have been made, as the people turned 
 out to give us this welcome ; I am sure no one would 
 have been missed. [Laughter and cheers.] 
 
136 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 This state is interesting in its history ; the establish- 
 ment of the authority of the United States over this 
 region was an important event in our national history. 
 The possession of the Columbia and of Puget sound was 
 essential to the completeness and the roundness of our 
 empire. We have here in this belt of states, reaching 
 from the gulf of California to the straits of Fuca, a mag- 
 nificent possession which we could not have dispensed 
 with at all. [Cheers.] The remoteness of Oregon from the 
 older settled states, the peril and privation which attended 
 the steps of the pioneer as he came hither delayed the de- 
 velopment of this great country. You are now but begin- 
 ning to realize the advantages of closer and easier commu- 
 nications. You are but now beginning to receive from an 
 impartial and beneficient government that attention 
 which you well deserve. [Cheers.] 
 
 That this river of yours should be made safe and 
 deep, so that waiting commerce may come without 
 obstruction to your wharf, is to be desired. [Cheers.] 
 It should receive those appropriations which are neces- 
 sary to make the work accomplish the purpose in view. 
 [Cheers.] I believe that you may anticipate a largely 
 increased commerce. I<ooking out as you do towards 
 the regions across the Pacific it would be but natural 
 that this important center should draw from them and 
 exchange with them a great and increasing commerce. 
 [Cheers.] I am m entire sympathy with the suggestion 
 of the mayor that this commerce should be carried in 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 137 
 
 American ships. [Cheers.] A few days ago, when I 
 sailed in the harbor of San Francisco, I saw three great 
 deep-water ships come into that port. One carried the 
 flag of Hawaii and two the English flag. None bore at 
 the masthead the stars and stripes: I believe it is the 
 duty of the national government to take such steps as 
 w T ill restore the American merchant marine. [Cheers.] 
 Why shall we not have our share in the great commerce 
 of the world? I cannot but believe — and such inspiring 
 presence as this but kindle and confirm my belief — that 
 we are come to a time when this nation should look to 
 the future and step forward bravely and courageously 
 in new lines of enterprise. [Cheers.] 
 
 The Nicaragua canal should be completed. [Cheers.] 
 Our harbors should have adequate defense. [Cheers.] 
 We should have upon the sea a navy of first-class ships. 
 [Cheers.] We are here in the most kindly relations to 
 these South American and Central American countries. 
 We have been content that Europe should do the com- 
 merce of these nations. We have not availed ourselves 
 of the advantages of neighborhood and of friendly kin- 
 dred republican institutions to develope our commerce 
 with those people. We have fortunately, as a result of 
 the great conference of American nations, set on foot 
 measures that I confidently hope will bring to us speedily 
 our just share of this great commerce. [Cheers.] 
 
 I am glad to know that we are here to-night as Amer- 
 ican citizens, lovers of the one flag and the one consti- 
 
138 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 tution. [Enthusiastic cheering.] Proud of Oregon! 
 Yes, you may well be proud of Oregon. But, my country- 
 men, above all, crowning all, greater than all, is our 
 American citizenship. [Great cheering.] What would 
 one of these States be without the other ? What is it 
 that gives us prestige abroad and power at home ? It is 
 that we have formed a government of the people ; that 
 we have one flag and speak with one voice to all the 
 nations of the earth. [Enthusiastic cheering.] I hope 
 that narrow sentiment that regards the authority of the 
 United States or its oflicers as alien or strange, has once 
 and forever been extinguished in this land of ours 
 [Great cheering.] Again I assure you that you have 
 given us to-day what is to my mind, under the conditions, 
 taking into account the population of your city, the most 
 splendid demonstration we have seen on the whole jour- 
 ney. [Prolonged and enthusiastic cheering.] 
 
 TACOMA, WASHINGTON. 
 
 MAY 6. 
 
 A more unpleasant May day, from a wild 
 torrent to a light shower, could not have been 
 experienced than that which greeted the Presi- 
 dent's party on their arrival in Washington. 
 Nevertheless the streets were thronged with the 
 populace. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 139 
 
 Gov. Ferry, as tlie Chief Executive, bade the 
 President welcome, and Gen. John W. Sprague 
 welcomed him in a short speech. 
 
 President Harrison responded: 
 
 My Fellow Citize?zs. — I feel that it would be cruel to 
 prolong this exposure which you are enduring in the in- 
 clement weather of the day. I visited your city and the 
 region of Puget sound six years ago. I found this coun- 
 try then enveloped in smoke so that these grand moun- 
 tain tops, of which mention has been made in the 
 address of welcome, were hidden from our view. I come 
 again and the smoke is replaced by fog, and we are still, 
 I suppose, to take the existence of these snow-clad peaks 
 on faith, [daughter and applause.] I don't know but 
 there is a benevolent provision for your comfort in the 
 fact that this magnificent scenery, this unmatched body 
 of water are frequently hidden from the eye of the trav- 
 eler. If everyone who journeys hither could see it all, 
 everybody would want to live here, and there wouldn't 
 be room, [daughter and cheers.] I congratulate j^ou, 
 citizens of Tacoma, upon the magnificent, almost magical 
 transformation which has been wrought here in these 
 six years since I last saw your city. It has been amaz- 
 ing ; it is a tribute to the energy and the enterprise and 
 courage of your people that will endure and increase, and 
 attract in a yet higher degree the attention of the whole 
 country. A harbor like this, so safe and commodious, 
 
140 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 and deep, upon Puget Sound, should be made to bear a 
 commerce that is but yet in its infancy. I would like to 
 see the prows of some of these great steamship lines en- 
 tering your ports and carrying the American flag at the 
 masthead. [Cheers.] I believe we have come to the time in 
 our development as a people, when we must step forward 
 with bold progress, or we will lose the advantage we 
 have already attained. We have within ourselves the 
 resources, and a market of which the world is envious. 
 We have been content, in the years gone by, to allow 
 other nations to do the carrying trade of the world. We 
 have been content to see the markets of these American 
 Republics lying south of us, mastered and controlled by 
 European nations. I think the period of discontent with 
 these things has now come to our people, and I believe 
 the time is auspicious for the enlargment of our com- 
 merce with these friendly Republics lying to the south of 
 us. I believe the time propitious for re-establishing upon 
 the sea the American merchant marine, that shall do its 
 share of the carrying trade of the world. [Applause.] 
 
 My friends, I desire to again express to you my re- 
 gret that to give us this magnificent welcome, under cir- 
 cumstances so inauspicious, you have been exposed to so 
 much wet. I especially regretted, as I passed those long 
 lines of mere school children, that they should have been 
 exposed in order to do us honor. I will not detain you 
 longer. For your city, for this magnificent young state 
 that we have received into the great sisterhood of the 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. HI 
 
 Union, of which you are a glorious part, we give our 
 aspirations, ©ur prayers and our best endeavors. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON. 
 
 MAY 6. 
 
 The presidential party made a trip from 
 Tacoma to Seattle by boat, being welcomed 
 aboard the palatial steamer, the city of Seattle, 
 at Tacoma, at 1 1 a. m. Elliott Bay was covered 
 with vessels and boats of every description. The 
 reception by the Seattle committee aboard the 
 steamer was without formality, save a few re- 
 marks by Mayor White, to which the President 
 responded : 
 
 Mr. Mayor: I accept with great gratitude the words 
 of welcome on behalf of the citizens of Seattle. It will 
 give me a great deal of pleasure to contrast my observa- 
 tions of your State in 1890 with what we see to-day. I 
 have not lost track of the progress of Seattle, but have, 
 through friends, been advised of the marvelous develop- 
 ment which you have made — how you have repeated, in 
 the substantial character of your edifices, the story of the 
 Chicago fire, coming out of what seemed a disaster with 
 
142 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 increased magnificence ; and finding in it really an ad- 
 vantage. I will defer, until I am in the presence of your 
 people, further acknowledgment of your courtesies, and 
 will now only thank you, as you are repeating what we 
 have observed on our whole trip — the unification of your 
 people and the absoluteness of our sentiment in devotion 
 to our institutions and flag. 
 
 "The reception of President Harrison will for 
 many' a year be one of the most conspicnons 
 landmarks in Seattle's annals. The enormous 
 outpouring of people, the enthusiasm, the abund- 
 ance of its decorative display, the grand demon- 
 stration in the harbor, and the gathering at the 
 campus will never be forgotten by those who 
 witnessed them. Sunshine might have made 
 the scenes brighter, but the exaltation of popu- 
 lar enthusiasm over all the untoward influences 
 of the weather gave a dignity and impressive- 
 ness so the events of the day far beyond the need 
 of adventitious aids and artificial pageantry. 
 
 A dense sea of people, estimated at 35,000, 
 gathered around the grand stand on the campus 
 of the University grounds. Mayor White pre- 
 sented Judge Thomas Burke to the President, 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 143 
 
 who delivered the address of welcome. To 
 which President Harrison responded: 
 
 Judge Burke and Fellow Citizens: I am sure you 
 have too much kindness in your heart to ask me to make 
 an address to you this afternoon. This chilly air, this 
 drizzling rain, the long exposure during the day which 
 you and these precious children have suffered, warn me, 
 on your account, as well as my own, that I should say 
 but a few words in recognition of this magnificent wel- 
 come. Six years ago I visited your beautiful city, and 
 the distinguished gentleman who has been your spokes- 
 man to-day was one of a hospitable committee that 
 pointed out to me the beauties of this location. You 
 were then largely a prospective city. Some substantial 
 and promising improvements had been begun, but it was 
 a period of expectancy rather than of realization. I am 
 glad to come to-day and to see how fully and perfectly 
 the large expectations then entertained by your enter- 
 prising people have been realized. It is a matter of 
 amazement to look upon these towering substantial gran- 
 ite and iron structures in which the great business of 
 your city is transacted. That disaster, as it seemed to 
 you, which swept away a large portion of the business 
 part of your city, was like the afflictions that come to 
 the saints, a blessing in disguise. [Cheers.] You have 
 done what Chicago did. You have improved the disas- 
 ter by re?ring structures and completing edifices that 
 
144 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 were unthought of before. Those who were not enter- 
 prising or liberal have been compelled to be liberal and 
 enterprising in order that they might realize rents for 
 their property made vacant by fire. [Cheers.] I fully 
 appreciate the importance of this great body of water 
 upon which your city is situated. This Sound, this in- 
 land sea, must be in the future the highway, the entrepot, 
 of a great commerce. I do most sincerely believe that 
 we are entering now upon a new development that will 
 put the American flag upon the seas and bring to our 
 ports in American bottoms a largely increased share of 
 the commerce of the world. [Cheers.] As I have said 
 in other places, for one I am thoroughly discontented 
 with the present condition of things. We may differ as 
 to methods, but I believe the great patriotic heart of our 
 people is stirred, and that they are bent upon recovering 
 that share of the world's commerce which we once hap- 
 pily enjoyed. Your demonstration to-day under these 
 unfavorable environments has been most creditable to 
 your city. We have certainly seen nothing in a journey 
 characterized by great demonstrations to surpass this 
 magnificent scene. [Cheers.] I realize what your spokes- 
 man has said, that in a'll this there is a patriotic expres- 
 sion of the love of our people for the flag and for the 
 constitution. [Cheers.] And now, my friends, thanking 
 you for all you have done for me, humbly confessing my 
 inability to repay you, pledging to you my best efforts to 
 promote the good of all our people, and that I will have 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 145 
 
 a watchful observation of the needs of your State, of 
 your harbors, for defense, improvement and security, I 
 bid you good bye. [Cheers.] 
 
 THE DALLES, OREGON. 
 
 MAY 7. 
 
 The President and party left Portland in the 
 morning, and the trip through the picturesque 
 valley of the Columbia was made in the bright 
 sunlight, which disclosed the mountains and 
 cascades in their beauty and grandeur. The 
 first stop of any importance was at The Dalles, 
 where the party received enthusiastic welcome. 
 In responding to the address of welcome by the 
 Mayor the President said : 
 
 I quite sympathize with the suggestion of your 
 mayor that it is one of the proper Government functions 
 to improve and open to safe navigation the great water- 
 ways of the country. [Cheers.] The Government hav- 
 ing reserved to itself the exclusive control of all the 
 navigable inland waters, it is, of course, encumbent upon 
 the Government to see that the people have the best pos- 
 sible use of them. They are important as they furnish 
 cheap transportation and touch the points that are often 
 either for economy or natural reasons inaccessible to 
 railway traffic. 
 
146 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 BOISE CITY, IDAHO. 
 
 MAY 8. 
 
 The President and party passed three hours 
 very pleasantly in this city. The streets were 
 gay with bunting, nearly every building dis- 
 playing a flag, large or small. The visitors 
 were received at the station by Gov. Wiley, 
 Mayor Pinney, Senator Shoup, Mr. Calvin Cobb, 
 editor of the Idaho Statesman, and a general 
 committee. 
 
 At the main entrance of the Capitol, Gov. 
 Wiley made an address of welcome on behalf of 
 of the State, and Mayor Finney on behalf of 
 the city. 
 
 President Harrison is replying to the ad- 
 dresses of welcome, said : 
 
 This is instructive and inspiring to us all as American 
 citizens. It is my great pleasure to stand for a little 
 while this morning in the political capital of this fresh 
 and new State. I had great satisfaction in taking an 
 official part in admitting Idaho to the Union of States. 
 I believe that she was possessed of a population and 
 resources, and capable of a development that fairly en- 
 titled her to take her place among the States of the 
 American Union. You are starting now upon a career 
 
TO THE PA CIFIC. 147 
 
 fo development which I hope and believe will be unin- 
 terrupted. Your great mineral resources, now being 
 rapidly developed, have already brought you great wealth. 
 Undoubtedly these are to continue to be sources of enrich- 
 ment and prosperity to your State, if you do not forget 
 to look at last for that enduring prosperity and increase 
 which our States should have to a development of their 
 agricultural resources. You will, of course, as you have 
 done, carefully guard and serure your political institu- 
 tions. You will organize them upon a basis of economy 
 and yet at liberal progress. You will take care that only 
 so much revenue is taken from the people as is necessary 
 to the proper public expenditure. [Applause.] 
 
 I am glad to see that this banner of liberty, this flag 
 of our fathers, this flag that these, my comrades, here pre- 
 sent, defended with honor and brought home with victory 
 from the bloody strife of the civil war, held in honor and 
 estimation among you. [Great applause.] Every man 
 shouldthinkofhishat when the starry flag moves by. 
 It symbolizes a free republic, it symbolizes a 
 nation, not an aggregation of states, but one compact, 
 solid government in all its relations to the nations of the 
 earth. [Applause.] Let us always hold it in honor. I 
 am glad to see that it floats, not only over your political 
 capital, but over the schoolhouses of your state. The 
 children should be taught in the primary schools to know 
 the story and to love it. To these young children, enter- 
 ing by the beneficient and early provision of your state 
 
148 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 into the advantages of that great characteristic American 
 institution, the common school, I give my greeting this 
 morning. May every good attend them in life and as the 
 cares of life come on to take the place of the joys of 
 childhood, God grant that, instructed in mind and heart, 
 in those things that are high and good, they may bear 
 with honor the responsibility which you will soon lay 
 down. 
 
 POCATELLO, IDAHO. 
 
 MA.Y S. 
 
 Ill response to loud and repeated calls at the 
 reception last night, President Harrison made 
 the following remarks : 
 
 Fellow Citizens— -In 1881, that sad summer when 
 General Garfield lay so long in agony, and the people 
 suffered so long in painful suspense, I passed up the 
 Utah and Northern narrow gauge railroad through this 
 place, if it was a place then, to Montana on a visit. The 
 country through which we have passed is therefore not 
 unfamiliar to me. I have known of its natural condition 
 and I have seen its capabilities when brought under the 
 stimulating influence of irrigation. I have had, during 
 my term in the senate as chairman of the committee on 
 territories of that body, to give a good deal of attention 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. UQ 
 
 to the condition and needs of our territories. My sym- 
 pathy and interest have always gone out to those who, 
 leaving the settled and populous parts of our country, 
 have pushed the frontiers of civilization further and fur- 
 ther to the westward until they have met the Pacific 
 ocean and the setting sun. Pioneers have always been 
 enterprising people. If they had not been they would 
 have remained at home. They endured great hardships 
 and perils in opening these great mines of minerals, 
 which show in your state, and in bringing into subjec- 
 tion these wild plains and making them blossom like 
 gardens. To all such here I would do honor and 3^011 
 should do honor, for they were heroes in the struggle for 
 the subjugation of the untamed country to the uses of 
 man. 
 
 I am glad to see that you have here so many happy 
 and prosperous people. I rejoice at the increase of your 
 population and am glad to notice, that with this devel- 
 opment in population and material wealth, you are giv- 
 ing attention to those social virtues, to education, and to 
 those influences which sanctify the home, make social 
 order secure, and honor and glorify the institutions of 
 our common country. [ Cheers.] 
 
 I am glad, not only for the sake of the white man, 
 but of the red man, that these two extensive and useless 
 reservations are being reduced by allotment to the 
 Indians of farms, which they are expected to cultivate 
 and thereby earn their own living. [Cheers.] And un- 
 
150 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 needed lauds shall furnish homes for those who need 
 homes. [Cheers.] 
 
 And now, fellow citizens, extending to such com- 
 rades of the Grand Army of the Republic as I see scat- 
 tered about through this audience, my most cordial 
 greeting as a comrade, to these children and these ladies, 
 who shared with you the privations of early life on the 
 frontier, and to all my most cordial greeting and sincere 
 thanks for the kindly demonstration, I will say good-bye. 
 [Great cheers.] 
 
 SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. 
 
 MAY 9. 
 
 The visitors were taken to the Chamber of 
 Commerce and the President formally opened 
 the bnilding for business. He afterwards re- 
 viewed the public school children on East Brig- 
 ham street and heard them sing "America" and 
 " Hail Columbia. " The presidential party then 
 paid a short visit to the Mormon Tabernacle 
 and other points of interest. 
 
 The President made the following speech to 
 the school children: 
 
 In all this joyous journey through this land of flow- 
 ers and the sunny South, I have seen nothing more beau- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 151 
 
 tiful and inspiring than this scene which has burst upon 
 us so unexpectedly. This multitude of children bearing 
 waving banners makes a scene which can never fade 
 from our memories. Here in the children from the free 
 schools established and guarded by your public authori- 
 ties is the hope of Utah and the country. [Cheers.] I 
 give you my thanks for a demonstration that h as cheered 
 my heart. May each of you enjoy every blessing that a 
 free country and a beneficent and kindly Creator can 
 bestow. [ Cheers.] 
 
 Under escort of a large attachment of the 
 16th and 21st Regiment of U. S. Infantry, local 
 military and G. A. R. and Civic societies, the 
 party were condncted to Liberty Park, where 
 Governor Thomas delivered an address of wel- 
 come and Mayor Geo. M. Scott prefaced his 
 introduction of the President by a welcoming 
 speech on behalf of Salt Lake City. 
 
 The President responded as follows : 
 
 Governor Thomas, Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens: 
 The scene which has been presented to us in this politi- 
 cal and commercial center of the Territory of Utah has 
 been very full of beauty and very full of bright hope. 
 
 I have not, in all this long journey, witnessed a scene 
 of more magnificent welcome or grandeur, or anything 
 
152 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 that lifted my heart more than that beautiful picture on 
 one of your streets this morning, the children from the 
 public schools of Salt Lake City, waving the one banner 
 that we all love, and singing the anthem of praise to that 
 beneficent Providence that led our worthy forefathers to 
 this land and filled the pathway of this Nation with its 
 beneficent character until this bright hour. My service 
 in public life has been such as to call my special atten- 
 tion and to enlist my special interest in the people of the 
 Territory of Utah. It has been a pleasant duty to wel- 
 come the Dakotas, Washington, Montana, Idaho and 
 Wyoming into the great constellation of the States, I 
 think it has not fallen to any President of the United 
 States to receive under public law into the Union so large 
 a number of free States. The conditions that surround 
 here in this Territory of a material kind are of the 
 richest and of the most hopeful character. The diversity 
 of your production, of your mines of coal and silver and 
 iron and lead and gold, placed in such proximity to make 
 the work of mining and reduction easy and economical. 
 Your well watered valleys, capable under the skillful 
 touch of the husbandman, of transformation from bar- 
 ren waste into fruitful fields. All this lying in easy 
 touch, and inter-communication, one with the other, 
 must make the elements of a great political community. 
 You do not at all need to doubt ; you may well step for- 
 ward with a bold, confident and progressive step in the 
 development of this great material wealth. The charac- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 153 
 
 teristic of our American institution, the compact of our 
 Government, is that the will of the majority expressed 
 by constitutional and legal methods at the ballot box 
 shall be the supreme law of our community. To the 
 Territories of the United States a measure of local self 
 government has always been given, but the supervisory 
 control of the supreme legislative and executive power 
 has been continuously, as to the Territories, held and 
 exercised by the general Government at Washington. 
 The Territorial state has always been regarded as a tem- 
 porary one. The Government has always looked for- 
 ward to a division of that vass domain, first west and 
 northwest of the Ohio, then through the Louisiana pur- 
 chase, then through these accessions upon the Pacific 
 Coast, and the division of this vast domain into suitable 
 sections, for the establishment of free and independent 
 States. This great progression that has lined the work 
 of creation has gone forward from the Ohio to the Paci- 
 fic, and now we may journey from Maine to Puget Sound 
 through constituted and established States. * 
 
 The purification and the purity of the ballot box ; 
 those wise provisions, that careful guardianship that shall 
 always make the expression of the will of the people 
 fair, pure and true, is the essential thing in American 
 life. We are a people organized upon principles of lib- 
 erty, but, my fellow countrymen, it is distinguished from 
 license, it is liberty within and under the law. I have 
 no discord as a public officer with men of any creed, 
 
154 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 religious or political, if they will obey the law. My oath 
 of office, my public duty, requires ine to be against those 
 who violate it. [Applause.] 
 
 But after all, the foundation of American life is the 
 American home. That which characterizes and separ- 
 ates us from nations whose political experience and his- 
 tory has been full of strife and discord is the American 
 home, where one mother sits in single, uncrowned honor, 
 the queen of that home. [Great cheering.] But, now, 
 my countrymen, I beg to assure you that in every hope 
 you have for Utah, running on these lines, every gov- 
 ernment on these lines of domestic and social order, I 
 have for every one of you the most cordial greeting, and 
 enter with you, into your most gorgeous hopes. 
 
 God bless and keep you all [People in the audience, 
 "Amen"] and guide you in those safe paths of social 
 purity, of order and peace, that shall make you one of 
 the great commonwealths in the American Union. [Con- 
 tinued applause.] 
 
 GLENWOOD SPRINGS, COLORADO. 
 
 MAY 10. 
 
 The party was waited upon about 8 o'clock 
 by a committee from Denver, including Gov. 
 Routt, ex-Senator Hill, Mayor Rogers and other 
 citizens and officials, by whom they were assured 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 155 
 
 of a cordial welcome in Denver. Soon afterward 
 the visitors were welcomed formally by Mayor 
 Rogers, of Glenwood Springs. The President, 
 Postmaster General Wanamaker and Mrs. Mc- 
 Kee afterward attended divine services at the 
 First Presbyterian chnrch and heard an eloqnent 
 sermon by the pastor, Rev. Dr. Rndolph. 
 
 Dnring the afternoon the President received 
 the delegations from Leadville, Aspen, Colorado 
 Springs, and elsewhere. The delegation from 
 Aspen presented him with an elegant sonvenir, 
 a beantifnl plush case containing, in letters of 
 sterling silver wire, the words, "Free coinage- 
 Aspen silver— Colorado. Honest money. Souv- 
 enirs were also presented to the President by 
 the citizens of Glenwood and the Glenwood 
 Board of Trade. A childrens' mass meeting 
 was held at Durand's Opera House at 3 o'clock 
 in honor of the visitors, and it was attended by 
 an immense crowd. Rev. H. M. Law presided, 
 and after the usual devotional exercises Mayor 
 Rogers introduced the President and the Post- 
 master General, each of whom made short ad- 
 dresses. 
 
156 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 The President's address was as follows: 
 Mr. Mayor, Fellow Citizens and Children;— -Owe stop 
 at Glenwood Springs was, as you all know, intended to 
 be for rest, and yet I have not felt I could deny myself 
 to this large body of friends assembled from the homes 
 of this city, and perhaps to an even larger body of friends 
 who have come from some of the neighboring towns to 
 pay their respects and testify their good will. The trip 
 we have been making has been a prolonged one, and it 
 has been a continued experience of speech-making and 
 hand-shaking, hence the physical labor has been very 
 great, and I think if one had been called upon to do the 
 same amount of work without the stimulous and inspira- 
 tion which have come from the happy faces and kind 
 hearts of the people who have greeted us, that almost 
 any man would have given out. Certainly I would, had 
 I not been borne up and helped by the wonderful kind- 
 ness of our people. I have been intensely interested in 
 what I have seen. It has testified to me of the unity of 
 the people East and West. Out here you take on some 
 peculiarities as we do in Indiana, but underneath these 
 peculiarities there is the same true American grit and 
 spirit. [Applause.] 
 
 It is not wonderful that this should be so. It is not 
 a mere likeness between different people, because you 
 are precisely the same people I have known in the Cen- 
 tral and Eastern States. Everywhere I have gone I have 
 seen Hoosiers; everywhere Mr. Wanamaker has gone 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 157 
 
 he has seen Pennsylvanians ; everywhere Gen. Rusk has 
 gone Wisconsin hands has been reached up to him. The 
 new States have been filled up by the enterprising and 
 pushing young men of the older States. They have set 
 out to find here greater advantages, more rapid pathways 
 to wealth and competence. Many of them have found 
 it, many of them are still perhaps in the hard struggle of 
 life ; but to all, to every man, whether he is mine owner 
 or handles the pick, I bring you my warmest sympathy 
 and my most sincere thanks for your friendly greeting. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Our Government was instituted by wise men, men of 
 broad views; it was based upon the idea of the equal 
 rights of men; it absolutely rejects the idea of class dis-. 
 tinction, and insists that men should be judged by their 
 behavior. That is a good rule; those who are law-abid- 
 ing and well disposed, those who pursue their avocations 
 lawfully and with due respect to the rights of others are 
 the true American citizens. [Applause.] I am glad to 
 know that the love of our institutions is so deeply im- 
 bedded in your hearts. It has been a most delightful and 
 cheering thing to see that the starry banner, the same 
 old flag that was carried amid the smoke of battle, the 
 rattle of musketry, booming of cannon and the dying of 
 men, is in the hands of such children. [Applause.] 
 Some of the prettiest as well as some of the most hope- 
 ful sights we have looked upon have been these com- 
 panies of children gathered on the streets and hillsides 
 
168 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 waving this banner. The American institutions deserve 
 our watchful care. All our communities should be care- 
 ful in the beginning to establish law and to maintain it. 
 It is very difficult, when lawlessness once obtains the 
 upper hand, to put it down. It is very easy to keep it 
 out of any community if the well-disposed, true-hearted 
 people will sink all their differences, religious and politi- 
 cal, and stand together as citizens for the good of their 
 municipality. [Applause.] 
 
 I want to thank these children who have gathered 
 for this Sabbath day's observance. I have had a life that 
 has been full of labor. From my early manhood until 
 this hour my time has had many demands upon it. I 
 have been under the pressure of the practice of my pro- 
 fession. I have been under the pressure of political 
 campaigns and of public office, and yet in all these pur- 
 suits and under all these conditions I have found simply, 
 as a physical question without a reference to its religious 
 aspects at all, that I could do more work by working six 
 days than seven. [Applause.] I think you will all find 
 it so, and that as' a civil institution rest on the Sabbath 
 day is good for man. It is not only good, but it is right 
 of the workingman. [Applause.] Men should have one 
 free day in which to think of their families, of themselves, 
 of things that are not material, but are spiritual. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 I desire to express from a sincere and earnest heart 
 my thanks to you all for all your kindness, giving you 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 159 
 
 in return simply the pledge that I will in all things keep 
 in mind what seems to me to be the true interests of our 
 people. [Applause.] I have no thought of sections. I 
 have no thought upon any of those great public questions 
 that does not embrace the rights and interests of all our 
 people, and all our States. [Applause.] I believe we 
 shall find a common interest and safe ground upon all 
 these great questions, and by moderating our own views 
 and making reasonable and just concessions, we shall 
 find them all settled wisely, and in the true interest of 
 the people. [Applause.] 
 
 LEADVIIXE, COLORADO. 
 
 MAY ii. 
 
 Ten thousand flags were waving in the clear, 
 bracing morning atmosphere,fluttering forth the 
 welcome of the greatest mining camp on earth, 
 as Benjamin Harrison, president of the United 
 States, stepped from his special train and put 
 foot, for the first time, on the crest of the con- 
 tinent. The snn was shining brightly, and as 
 its rays fell upon the snow-capped peaks of the 
 continental range, glistening like diamonds in 
 a veritable sea of silver, a landscape was pre- 
 sented to the presidential party, the like of 
 
1G0 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 which had never been seen by any of them be- 
 fore. And as the ringing cheers, mingled with 
 the blowing of whistles, greeted the chief exec- 
 utive as he walked across the Denver and Rio 
 Grande depot to the carriage, he realized that 
 his reception came from the hearts of the 
 people. 
 
 From the time the procession started from 
 the depot until it returned, something new was 
 always attracting the attention of the President 
 or some member of the party, and the streamers 
 placed across the avenue, with the amount of 
 money extracted from the hills in the past ten 
 years, the amount paid out in wages for the 
 same length of time, and the profit made by 
 the government, impressed our distinguished 
 visitors with the fact that Leadville was entitled 
 to the proud distinction of being called the 
 " greatest mining camp on earth." 
 
 From the balcony of the Hotel Kitchen, the 
 President was introduced by Judge L. M. God- 
 dard and spoke as follows : 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: This scene this morning is one 
 that should inspire the dullest heart. This rare, pure 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 161 
 
 atmosphere; this bright sunshine; these colors; this 
 multitude, lifting smiling faces to greet us, is a scene 
 that should lift the dullest heart to emotions of thankful- 
 ness and pride, pride wholly separated from personal 
 considerations, and pride that is swelled up by the con- 
 templation that all this is the outcome, the manifestation, 
 the culmination of free American institutions. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 We stand here to-day on this mountain top, and see 
 what I think is the highest evidence of American pluck 
 to be found in the United States. [Applause.] I have 
 addressed my fellow citizens on many thousand occasions, 
 but I have never stood before so near the dome. [Ap- 
 plause-] It is a wonderful testimony to the energy and 
 adaptation of the American, that he should have pushed 
 his way to this high altitude, above the snow line, and 
 created these magnificent and extensive industries, and 
 these beautiful and happy homes. I rejoice with you in 
 all that has been accomplished here. I bring thanks to 
 you for that great contribution which you have made to 
 the wealth of the country we all love. I bring to you 
 the assurance that, as an individual citizen and as a pub- 
 lic officer, my interest, and my affection, and my duty 
 embraces all the people of this land. You have not got 
 above the high reach of our affections and of our con- 
 sideration. 
 
 I am glad to know that we have, happily, in the past 
 history of our country, in its legislation, found that hap- 
 
162 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 py unity of interest which has benificiently affected all our 
 industries, all our people. We find local interests, and out 
 of them with due regard to them all, we find that hap- 
 py medium, that general legislation which touches with 
 kindly fingers the humblest homes in all our land. 
 
 I do most sincerely thank you for this token of the 
 product of your mines. It is a precious metal, but much 
 more precious to me is the kindly thought of the gener- 
 ous welcome which you have given us in Leadville here 
 to-day. 
 
 This rare and stimulating atmosphere my lungs are 
 unaccustomed to, and you will permit me to close these 
 remarks by wishing for you all — for the men who, deep 
 down in these mines, are toilsomely working out these 
 precious metals ; for those who welcome you in your 
 homes when you return from your toil, the wives and 
 children who add grace and sweetness to your lives, to 
 these children who have gathered to meet us, we give 
 you a most cordial salutation and a regretful good-bye. 
 
 PUEBLO, COLORADO. 
 
 MAY n. 
 
 Pueblo people turned out almost unanimously 
 to welcome the chief magistrate of the nation, 
 and nowhere with more genuine cordiality and 
 enthusiasm was he greeted than in the great 
 smelting center of the West. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 163 
 
 The entire presidential party were driven 
 over the city, escorted by the local military and 
 civic societies. Nearly 8,000 children were 
 massed on the public square and were addressed 
 as follows by the President : 
 
 Children of the public schools and others, I am glad 
 to meet such an immense number here, and I can't 
 allow this opportunity to pass without expressing to you 
 my thanks for this welcome. 
 
 Riding to the depot the President was intro- 
 duced to the vast multitude by Col. I. W. Stan- 
 ton and delivered the following address : 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens: The brief time 
 which we were able, in this hasty journey, to allot to 
 the city of Pueblo has now almost expired. It has given 
 me great pleasure to ride through the streets of this en- 
 terprising and prosperous municipality. It has given 
 me pleasure to see that you are concentrating here very 
 important business interests, which must in the future 
 make you a very important commercial center in this 
 great State of Colorado. [Cheers.] You have in this 
 country a variety of resources unexcelled, I think, by 
 any other State. [Cheers.] It is quite natural that inter- 
 est was first directed towards the precious metals — the 
 mining of silver and gold — and that commoner things 
 
164 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 should have been for the time overlooked. The mining 
 camp was the beginning, and nowhere in all our history 
 has capacity for organization, for the proper framing of 
 the necessary laws to secure order been so perfectly dem- 
 onstrated as in the mining camps of the West. [Ap- 
 plause.] Coming here entirely beyond the range of civil 
 institutions, whose clerks, sheriffs and public officers 
 could not give their aid to suppress the unruly, coming 
 here at a time when our national mining laws were un- 
 framed, these pioneer miners of Colorado, Nevada, Mon- 
 tana, and Idaho wrought for themselves in these mining 
 camps a system of government and a fair system of 
 mining laws that has received the approval of the gov- 
 ernment. [Applause.] You are coming now to realize 
 that in the baser metals, as we call them, with which 
 your great hills are stored, as iron, there lie means of 
 development. This is an iron age. With these modern 
 inventions for converting iron cheaply into steel, with 
 the disappearance or scarcity of the timber, with which 
 our fathers built, the manufacture of structural iron to 
 enter into our great buildings, both commercial and pub- 
 lic, has developed a marvelous industry in this country. 
 I do not doubt that these smelters of the precious metals, 
 this rolling mill, to which reference has been made, is 
 the foundation of increases in all such establishments to 
 give employment to increasing numbers of laborers, to 
 whom we will pay full, honest American wages. [Loud 
 cheers.] You are also turning your attention to the de- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 166 
 
 velopment of your horticultural and agricultural resources. 
 You were content at first to pack in your flour and 
 meal and pork on bronchos, over these wild prairies and 
 steep passes. You have now found that many of those 
 valleys, touched by the mystical hands of irrigation, are 
 capable of producing not only staple crops but fruits and 
 flowers to delight the heart of man. [Applause.] We 
 passed this morning through a region where I was sur- 
 prised to see orchards that reminded me of California. 
 Now, for all these things, for the beneficent influences 
 under- which you enjoy them, for that kind law that has 
 distributed these public domains freely to every man who 
 desired to make a home for himself and his family, for 
 free government that extends its protection over the 
 humble as well as the mighty, for all these resources of 
 sky and air and earth the people of Colorado should be 
 joyously thankful. [Loud cheers.] I am glad to hail 
 you as fellow citizens. I am glad for a moment to stand 
 in your midst — to see these great resources and to assure 
 you that my heart is with you in the development of them 
 all — [cheers] — and I am glad to know that Colorado, this 
 young Centennial State, has established a system of free 
 public schools unexcelled by any State in the Union. 
 [Cheers.] But, my friends, as I said before, I am in slav- 
 ery to the railroad schedule and time is up. Good-bye. 
 
166 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO. 
 
 MAY 
 
 An immense conconrse of people were gath- 
 ered at the depot to greet the distinguished visi- 
 tors, and it was with difficulty that the police- 
 men could clear and keep clear the depot 
 platform and grounds, and form the line of 
 march of carriages, military companies and 
 organizations. The entire line of travel, from 
 the depot to the Garfield school, was thronged 
 with people, who gave a hearty welcome to the 
 party as it passed. 
 
 On reaching the school a beautiful scene was 
 presented, and one which must have given the 
 President great pleasure. The large yard and 
 the street was filled with children, the number 
 being estimated at 1,500. The President arose 
 in his carriage and said : 
 
 My Friends: You have very appropriately named 
 this school in which you have gathered a portion of the 
 children of Colorado Springs for instruction. I under- 
 stand another of your public schools is named after 
 Abraham Lincoln. That too is a most appropriate desig- 
 nation, for where in all the story of our country among 
 
TO THE PA CIFIC. 167 
 
 its men who have been illustrious in civil pursuits or in 
 war can two names be found which furnish more inspira- 
 tion and hope to the youth of the land than the names 
 of Lincoln and Garfield? [Applause.] Both men came 
 of parentage so poor that no advantages attended their 
 early years ; and yet, each by his own inherent energy 
 and indomitable will, by the perservering improvement 
 of the meagre opportunities he enjoyed, reached the 
 highest place in our land and are now embalmed in the 
 affectionate recollection of their countrymen. I bid you 
 all to read the lessons of these great lives, and to ponder 
 them well; for, while not all may achieve all they 
 achieved, useful and honorable positions in life may be 
 achieved by you all. Wishing you every prosperity and 
 success, I bid you all good bye. [Cheers.] 
 
 From the balcony of The Antlers hotel 
 Mayor Spragne gave the address of welcome, 
 to which the president responded as follows : 
 
 Mr, Mayor and Fellow Citizens: I am sure you will 
 crown the kindness which you have shown me to-day by 
 permitting me to make my response to these words of 
 welcome exceedingly brief. I have spoken already four 
 or five times to-day. The chilly evening air will not al- 
 low me to exercise my voice with the customary immun- 
 ity, but I cannot refrain from saying to you how much 
 we have been pleased by the hasty glimpse we have been 
 permitted to have of this beautiful city. The fame of 
 
1G8 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 Colorado Springs has spread throughout the entire East. 
 Much I hadheard of the beauty of its location, the grand- 
 eur and sublimity of its mountain, of the health-giving 
 atmosphere which fills these valleys, and of its marvelous 
 springs, refreshing and life-giving, which break from 
 your mountain side ; of these marvelous and weird pro- 
 ducts of time that stand in the Garden of the Gods — of 
 all these I have heard. 
 
 I regret that the brevity of our stay is such that we 
 shall not be able to see and enjoy this, but, my country- 
 men, no spring that ever broke from mountain side, no 
 bracing air that ever filled these valleys, was more re- 
 freshing and invigorating to the invalid, or to the weary 
 than your hearty greeting here has been to us. .[Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 I visit your great State for the first time. When this 
 journey has been completed, only two of the States of 
 the Union, and only its most distant territory will have 
 escaped my personal inspection and observation. From 
 Maine to California, from the line of Michigan, where it 
 is hid by the waters of the Sault Ste. Marie, to the Sa- 
 vannah, I have crossed this broad land of ours, and, out 
 of all this journeying, out of all this mingling with our 
 people, I have come to be a better American. 
 
 We have a country whose diversity of climate and 
 soil and production, makes it in a degree not true of any 
 other people in the world, independent and self-contained. 
 We have our philanthropic symphathies for mankind 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 169 
 
 the world around, but we could live very comfortably if 
 there was no other country in the world except this. 
 [Applause.] None of the necessities of life, and few of 
 the luxuries would be denied to us, if we should limit 
 ourselves to articles of American growth and product. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 But, better than all this, greater than all our material 
 production, are those things that enter into and charac- 
 terize the American social and political life. A distin- 
 guished Englishman, journeying in this country not 
 many years ago, speaking of his observations, rather 
 caustically mentioned that the question most often asked 
 him was whether he was not surprised by the great strides 
 of this country. He was a man of discernment, one 
 who looked beneath the surface, who said that greater 
 still, to him, was the surprise that over sixty millions of 
 people would maintain and preserve, under free republi- 
 can institutions, the social order, the individual liberty 
 which was maintained here. Greater still, was the mar- 
 vel that this great people could have survived and main- 
 tained its institutions under the terrible strain of the 
 great civil war. Greater than all else was the unification 
 of the people which followed that period ; and so, my 
 countrymen, we are to-day truly one great people. 
 
 We have a government whose concern it is to let the 
 people alone, to work out freely with those agencies and 
 powers that God has given them, each one his own indi- 
 vidual destiny and career. 
 
170 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 I rejoice to be with you to-night as an American citi- 
 zen. I rejoice in the glory which the century has brought, 
 and which, ere the close of this century, will be greatly 
 enhanced; but above all local pride, I rejoice to-night 
 that we are citizens of one [country, knowing one flag, 
 one constitution, one common purpose — to work out one 
 destiny for this whole land. [Great applause.] 
 
 DENVER, COLORADO. 
 
 MAY 12. 
 
 President Harrison has been in onr fair city 
 and spent a day Here, and has gone on his jour- 
 ney back to the seat of government. The re- 
 ception was worthy of him, worthy of his rec- 
 ord as a brave and true soldier and as an able 
 and conscientious senator, worthy of his great 
 position as chief of this nation, and worthy of 
 his able and honest and pure administration. 
 
 The reception was also becoming for Denver. 
 It was fitting to her greatness, her wealth, her 
 enterprise, her ambition, her hopes. It was 
 also, in some ways, a reception by the State. 
 Cities of Western and Southern Colorado had 
 before, indeed, done all honor to the Chief Mag- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. m 
 
 istrate of the nation. They had made cheering, 
 inspiring manifestations of their patriotic and 
 national feeling. But Denver is the capital of 
 the young commonwealth. Here had gathered 
 thousands of people from the towns and cities 
 through which the presidential train was not 
 to pass and could not pass. 
 
 Probably 20,000 people were assembled in 
 the capital grounds to here the President speak. 
 After the speeches by Gov. Routt and Mayor 
 Rogues, the President spoke as follows : 
 
 Governor Routt, Mr. Mayor, Pioneers of Colorado, 
 Comrades of the Grand army of the Republic and Fellow 
 Citizens: — This scene is inspiring. This beautiful city, 
 the fame of which your journeying citizens have not 
 failed to carry to the far East [laughter and cheers] had 
 become known to me, as we can know by the hearing of 
 the ear ; and I am rejoiced to add to my pleasant im- 
 pressions of Colorado and of its commercial and political 
 capital this sight of the eye, which has but deepened and 
 enlarged the favorable impressions which I brought to 
 your State. It is a marvelous thing that we are here in 
 a State whose existence dates from the dawn of the sec- 
 ond century of our national life. 
 
 What a tremendous testimony to the organizing 
 power and energy of the American people this great 
 
172 FROM THE A TLANT1C 
 
 State is. [Cheers.] That these wastes, so unpromising 
 to the eye in that early time, should have been invaded 
 by the restless energy of the indomitable men ; that they 
 should have seen in visions that which was to follow 
 their heroic efforts for the development of these hidden 
 resources ; that no drouth or drifting sand, no threat of 
 mountain or of sky could turn back these brave hearts 
 who had set their faces to pierce and uncover the hidden 
 riches of these mountains. [Cheers.] 
 
 The pioneers of Colorado are worthy of honor. Those 
 who have not entered into their labors, who have 
 come not toilsomely but upon swift and easy wings into 
 the heritage that they have opened, should always and 
 everywhere gratefully acknowledge the services of those 
 who made this easy pathway for their feet. [Cheers.] 
 
 Your State is blessed in the diversity of its resources. 
 You do not depend upon any one of the great industries 
 of civilized life. You have taken from your mines stores 
 of the precious metals ; but when these are gone, or their 
 supply is diminished, you will turn your eyes toward 
 those metals that we call base, but that, after all, enter 
 in so many ways into human life that they supply more 
 enduring, and, in the end, more profitable industries. 
 
 Your iron and coal and lead and building stone will 
 be sources of income, inexhaustible. These valleys, 
 touched by the magical power of irrigation, will yield to 
 your population abundant food, and you will yet have 
 within yourselves that happy commercial condition of a 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 173 
 
 State producing and exchanging within its own limits 
 nearly all the necessaries of life. [Cheers.] Transpor- 
 tation is always a burden. The industrial condition is 
 always best when the producer and consumer are near 
 together. 
 
 I am glad to know that you have not been so busy in 
 delving into the earth ; you have not so much turned 
 your minds to precious metal as to have forgotten that 
 there is a blue above you ; that there are aspirations and 
 hopes and glories that are greater than all material 
 things. [Cheers.] 
 
 You have not failed to make sure, that the children, 
 the blessed children of your household that are now com- 
 ing on, are made secure in the possession of a well ordered 
 and well endowed common school system. [Cheers.] 
 What a testimony it is to the American character that, 
 however intense the push for the things of this life, how- 
 ever eager the pursuit of gain, you can never assemble a 
 community of two hundred people that they do not be- 
 gin to organize schools for the children. [Cheers,] 
 
 These common schools are not simply nurseries of 
 intellectual training; they are nurseries of citizenship. 
 [Cheers.] It has been a most happy sight to see the old 
 banner that we bore into the smoke of battle and carried 
 over dying comrades to place it in triumph on the ram- 
 parts of the enemy, now in the hands of all the children 
 of Colorado. [Cheers.] Proof has been made a thous- 
 and times, proof will be made whenever the occasion 
 
174 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 arises, that, much as we pursue gain and personal ends, 
 we have nothing— property, life— that we do not freely 
 lay down upon the alter of our country and the general 
 good. [Cheers.] But, my fellow citizens, this assemb- 
 lage is too vast and the demand upon my time for pub- 
 lic speech has been too protracted to enable me to pur- 
 sue these remarks further. 
 
 Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, sur- 
 vivors of the great war, whose success preserved all that 
 our fathers had devised and established ; whose success 
 brought back this flag in honor and established it again, 
 the undisputed emblem of an indissoluble Union ; [cheers] 
 God hath bountifully lengthened out your days that you 
 might have some glimpse of the glory that has come 
 from the achievements in which you bore an honorable 
 part. But only the vision oi the prophet, reaching out 
 over all time to come, can catch the full glory of what 
 your deeds have wrought. I give you to-day a most 
 affectionate greeting. [Cries of "God bless you."] I 
 give you a regretful good-by. 
 
 May you hold in the community where you live that 
 respect and honor to which you are entitled. Let no 
 Grand Army man ever dishonor in civil life the noble 
 record he made in the war. [Cheers.] May every bless- 
 ing follow you ; and, if it shall not be in God's dispen- 
 sation to give you riches, at least, comrades, you shaH 
 die with the glorious satisfaction of having contributed to 
 the greatest work that man ever wrought for humanity and 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 175 
 
 God; and wrapped in the flag you followed, your comrades 
 will one by one see that in honored graves your bodies 
 rest until the resurrection, and that on each returning 
 da}' of decoration, flowers are strewn upon your graves. 
 
 Citizens of Denver, I cannot close without express- 
 ing the great satisfaction and suprise with which I have 
 witnessed this morning the magnificent commercial de- 
 velopment which has been made here. These streets, 
 these towering, substantial and stately houses in which 
 your commerce is transacted, place you, in enterprise 
 and in the beauty of your streets, among the greatest 
 cities of the land. I do not think any city so young can 
 claim so high a place. [Cheers.] 
 
 I thank you very sincerely for a demonstration which. 
 I cannot accept as personal — all this is too great for any 
 man, but as a spontaneous tribute to our free institution. 
 I accept this as an evidence that in all essential things 
 we are one people. 
 
 The fuller revelation of that fact to us all has been 
 worth all the labor and time we have mutually expended 
 in this long journey. In all essential things we are one; 
 we divide and strive and debate, but we are patriotic 
 American citizens, having a love for the constitution and 
 the flag that brings us all at last to submit our opinions 
 to the lawfully expressed wish of the majority. [Cheers.] 
 And now again good-by. I shall leave behind me every 
 good wish for your prosperity individually, munici- 
 pality and as a State. [Cheers.] 
 
176 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 HASTINGS, NEBRASKA. 
 
 MAY 13. 
 
 The presidential party received a royal wel- 
 come. The streets leading to the Burlington 
 depot were jammed with people from the city 
 and contiguous points. The railroad yards 
 were so packed with humanity that it was with 
 considerable difficulty that the trains were 
 moved. 
 
 James N. Clarke, in the absence of Mayor 
 Clarke introduced the president. 
 
 Mr. Harrison spoke substantially thus : 
 
 My Fellow Countrymen: There is a freshness and a 
 beauty about the Nebraska prairies, but I hope I will not 
 fall in 3 r our esteem if I say I do not like to get up early. 
 [Shouts, "Neither do we."] Occasionally, in our trip, we 
 seem to pick up an hour. When I retired at Denver last 
 night, at none too early an hour, I was told we would be 
 at Hastings at 6:20. But we arrived here, it seems to 
 me, at 5:20 by the time I went to bed by last night. But 
 my friends, all these things that make labor of travel are 
 as nothing compared with the great gratification which 
 we find in such assemblages as this. 
 
 We have seen the arid land where the water ran in 
 ditches and did not fall in showers. Travel has its ad- 
 vantages and its disadvantages, but I must confess that 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 177 
 
 it seems more homelike for me to get back to the land 
 where the showers fall and every thing is fresh and green. 
 There is a great diversity of mineral and agricultural 
 products found in the United States. The Creator did 
 not make all alike. The diversity is found everywhere 
 in production. It is found in the field and crop, but 
 never in the people. We are one people. [Applause.] 
 The people I have met in California and Arizona are sub- 
 stantially the same as those here. There are Yankees 
 here, and people from Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, and 
 I think the Ohio man must be here, [shouts, "here we 
 are.] and the Hoosier, too; but we are all the same people. 
 The westerners are the overspill of the enterprising east. 
 They keep going a little farther west, a little farther west, 
 until they reach at last the Pacific. But throughout all there 
 is the same love for the one flag. We have not paused 
 at any little way station and been surrounded by a crowd 
 of persons gathered together to greet us but some one 
 with the American flag was there, and an American 
 cheer for it. [Applause.] Sometimes the incidents were 
 almost pathetic. At one little way station in Arizona, as 
 we drew up in the darkness, there were a half a dozen 
 ranchers there on the platform. I noticed on the lapels 
 of two or three coats the Grand Army button. One of 
 them shouted: "There are but few of us, but let's give a 
 cheer for the old flag, boys." 
 
 I thank you most cordially for your gatheriag here. 
 I do not know whether it is prejudice or not, but anyway 
 
178 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 I always have a very high opinion of a State whose chief 
 production is corn. [Laughter and applause.] 
 
 OMAHA, NEBRASKA. 
 
 MAY 13. 
 
 ^Towhere was the President received by aheartier 
 or more enthusiastic welcome than was accorded 
 him by the citizens of Omaha. The people 
 turned out en masse in honor of the occasion, 
 and they cheered the President nearly the entire 
 time of his appearance in the city in public. 
 
 The visitors were met at the station by a 
 large committee of citizens, headed by Mayor 
 dishing and the City Council, and taken to 
 the court house stand. Their escort was com- 
 posed of mounted police, the 2d Regiment 
 United States Infantry, Gen. Wheaton com- 
 manding, and the Omaha Guards, who acted as 
 a special guard of honor to the President. 
 
 Mayor dishing made a short address of 
 welcome, and, in closing, introduced the Presi- 
 dent, who advanced to the front of the stand, 
 amid great enthusiasm and delivered the follow- 
 ing speech: 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 179 
 
 Fellow Citizens: I cannot accept without feeling the 
 deepest gratitude for these cordial words of welcome in 
 behalf of the people of this great city. Twice before it 
 has been my pleasure to spend a brief time in this great 
 commercial metropolis of the valley of the Missouri. I 
 have had an opportunity, therefore, to witness the devel- 
 opment which your city has made. I recollect it as I 
 saw it in 1881, and as I see it to-day I feel that I need to 
 be told where I am. [Applause.] 
 
 These mighty structures dedicated to commerce, these 
 majestic churches lifting their spires toward heaven, 
 these majestic school houses consecrated to those who 
 shall in the future stand in our places and assume the 
 responsibility of your public institutions, these great stock 
 yards where the meat is produced, which is raised by 
 the great Missouri valley, these thousands of happy 
 homes— all characterize your great city. It is a marvel, 
 a tribute to the enterprise and power of the American 
 people, and is unsurpassed by any city in the United 
 States. 
 
 I am glad as I turn my face toward Washington, as I 
 hasten to take up my public duties, partially put aside 
 during the journey — I rejoice to receive here in Omaha 
 that kindly feeling with which we were welcomed 
 through the South to the Pacific coast. If anything 
 need to call for a perfect surrender of all personal feeling 
 that is an absolute consecration of the pride of the peo- 
 ple, I have found it in all their demonstrations. I shall 
 
180 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 always have it. It is the characteristic of a free people. 
 We need parties, debate, politics, yet it is a pleasure to 
 notice how large a stock of common patriotism I find in 
 all the people you have here in Nebraska, this State of 
 majestic capabilities. 
 
 I have seen orange groves and all fruits which enrich 
 and characterize California. I have seen their summit 
 cities. I have seen mining camps on the peaks, where 
 men delve into the earth and bring out the riches stored 
 there, but I return again to the land of the corn stalk 
 with an affection I can't understand. I am sure these 
 friends who have delighted us with visions of lovliness 
 and prosperity, will excuse me if my birth and raising in 
 Ohio and Indiana leads me, to the conclusion that 
 the States where they raise corn are the greatest on 
 earth. We have a surplus in this great valley for which 
 we must seek foreign markets. I am pleased to know 
 that 90 per cent or more of our agricultural products are 
 consumed by our own people. I do not know how soon, 
 but we shall I think, cease to be dependent on foreign 
 markets for farm products. 
 
 With the rapid development of manufactures, with 
 the rapid occupation of the public domain, brings to 
 mind that with the increase in agriculture, it cannot be 
 a distant day until the farmer will realize his ideal, a 
 market out of his own wagon for his products. 
 
 It has been a source of constant thought and zealous 
 effort on the part of the administration at Washington to 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 1S1 
 
 secure larger foreign markets for our farm products. In 
 the last two years many hinderances to the marketing of 
 our meat production have been removed. I rejoice to 
 know we have now freer access to England and Europe 
 than in many years. I rejoice to see that this brought 
 better prices to stock raisers in the western valleys. I 
 believe under the provisions of reciprocal trade we shall 
 open a great, larger and nearer market for the products 
 of the Nebraska farm. So distant are you from the At- 
 lantic seaboard it may seem to you that we do not look 
 after your interest in the marine trade. The re-estab- 
 lishment of the American merchant marine may not be 
 perceptible to you. Not long ago I made an investiga- 
 tion of the cargo of a Brazilian steamer from New York. 
 Twenty-five States contributed to that cargo, and among 
 those States was Nebraska. And so by such methods as 
 we can it is our purpose to enlarge our foreign markets 
 for our great country. We hope and trust, as does the 
 great west and east, that when this commerce is founded 
 on the sea it shall be carried in American bottoms. 
 While at San Francisco I saw three great ships enter the 
 Golden Gate. One carried the flag of Hawaii, and two 
 the flags of England. At Portland they took pains to 
 tow up from the lower harbor an American ship and 
 deck it in bunting. I was a curious sight, and one they 
 thought important to show the visiting strangers. 
 
 I hope the day is not far distant when the sight of 
 great American ships with the stars and stripes floating 
 
182 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 at their peaks will be not only in our ports, but in all the 
 busy marts of the world. 
 
 This government of ours can develop trade for every- 
 body. Its theory is largely individual liberty, and to 
 take out of the way of legislation what obstructs the 
 free, honest pursuit of human industries, and to allow 
 each individual to have the best possible chance to de- 
 velop the highest prosperity for himself and family. It 
 must provide a currency. I believe we will not consent 
 to return to the old system of issuing money to State 
 banks. I only desire to say this on common ground. 
 Whatever money we have, paper or currency, we want 
 good money. I have an idea that every dollar issued 
 should be as good as any dollar we issue, for whenever 
 w r e issue a paper or coin dollar that is not worth a dol- 
 lar its first errand is to pay a workingman or farmer for a 
 day's toil. No one should have an honest dollar before 
 a laborer or farmer. 
 
 But, my countrymen, I had not intended to speak so 
 long. I am not here as a partisan, but as an American 
 citizen desiring to enhance the prosperity of all our peo- 
 ple, to have this great government in all it undertakes to 
 touch with an equal hand the rich and poor alike. 
 
 Nothing has been so impressive in all this journey as 
 the magnificent patriotism I have seen. I have seen 
 enough American flags to wrap the world around. 
 School children have waved it to me and many times in 
 lonesome country homes on the bleak sands a man, a 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 183 
 
 woman or a boy would open a cabin door and wave the 
 starry banner in greeting at our train. I am sure the 
 same magnificent patriotism and American spirit pre- 
 vades you all. God bless you all; may you prosper in 
 everything you undertake and may prosperity and in- 
 crease come to your city and give it security, social order 
 and obedience to law. 
 
 There was but one " Hitch " in the entire 
 programme and that was at the high school 
 grounds. The 12,000 school children were 
 gathered on the west of the big building where 
 a platform had been erected for the President. 
 On the east of the building a crowd of 10,000 
 adults had gathered, and there the President's 
 carriage was stopped. Mr. Harrison arose to 
 his feet and made a two-minute speech which 
 w r as intended for the children. At the conclu- 
 sion of his remarks he was apprised of the mis- 
 take and instantly had the driver rein in his 
 steeds, and alighting with his escort he made his 
 way through the clamoring crowd and mounted 
 the platform and said : 
 
 My little friends: — You do not feel half so badly as I 
 do at the thought that I made a mistake and made the 
 
184 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 speech I intended for you to your papas and mammas. 
 I have not the time to attempt to repeat it, but I cannot 
 get away without telling you of the affectionate interest 
 I have in all the children of this great country. Bless 
 you— you are the blossoms of our homes. With a good- 
 by, another God bless you, and I am off. 
 
 MISSOURI HOSPITALITY EXTENDED. 
 
 Governor Francis sent the subjoined tele- 
 grams to President Harrison : 
 
 Jefferson City, Mo., May 12. — To Hon. Benjamin 
 Harrison, Denver, Colo.: The people of Missouri, as 
 well as myself, would feel honored if you could arrange 
 to spend at least a few hours at the State capitol, where 
 I should be pleased to entertain }^ou as my guest. I ob- 
 serve from the public prints that you will pass through 
 Missouri enroute home. If you cannot come to Jeffer- 
 son, please advise me what stops, if any, you will make 
 in the State. The citizens of Maryville, a nourishing 
 city on your itinerary through Northwest Missouri, are 
 very desirious that you stop with them an hour or more, 
 and I earnestly second their request. 
 
 (Signed.) David R. Francis, Governor. 
 
 Jefferson City, Mo., May 13, 1891. — Hon. Ben- 
 jamin Harrison, care Mayor Green, Maryville, Mo.: Im- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 185 
 
 possible for me to meet you at Maryville after receipt 
 to-day of answer to my telegram advising of your ten- 
 minutes' stop there to-night. That city will express its 
 appreciation of the honor. Missouri welcomes you to 
 her borders and her people regret that your stay among 
 them is not longer, to the end that you might have a better 
 opportunity to know the advantages and resources of 
 this most highly favored member of the republic over 
 whose destinies you preside, and in order that they 
 might make manifestation of the esteem in which they 
 hold the President of the United States. I conclude you 
 will make no other stop in Missouri. 
 
 ( Signed) David R. Francis, Governor. 
 
 HANNIBAL, MISSOURI. 
 
 MAY 14. 
 
 As the first rays of bright spring sun shown 
 on the seven hills of Hannibal, Mo., the presi- 
 dential special arrived at that city in the midst 
 of blowing of whistles and the shouts of thou- 
 sands. The President addressed the multitude 
 as follows : 
 
 My Fellow Citize?is: — I have only time to assure you 
 that I appreciate very highly this evidence of your 
 respect. We have extended our journey to the Pacific 
 
186 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 coast ; we have crossed the sandy plain, where for days 
 together the eye saw little to refresh it, where the green 
 of the blue-grass, which is so restful to the eye, was 
 wanting, and yet again and again at some lone station 
 in the desert a few children from a school, and some of 
 the enterprising people who had pushed out there to 
 make new homes, assembled with this old banner in 
 their hands and gave us a hearty American welcome. 
 I am glad to return to this central body of states in which 
 I was raised ; glad to be again in the land of the buck- 
 eye, the beech and the maple. To these dear children I 
 want to say one word of thanks. They have done for us 
 much on this journey to make it pleasant; their bright 
 faces have cheered us ; I love to see them. The care the 
 states are taking for their education is wisely bestowed. 
 God bless them all ; open to their feet pleasant ways and 
 qualify them better than we have been in our generation, 
 to uphold and perpetuate these magnificent civil institu- 
 tiocs. Thanking you most sincerely for this kindly dem- 
 onstration I bid you good-bye. [Great cheers.] 
 
 SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS. 
 
 MAY 14. 
 
 The President and party had an ovation 
 here. Their arrival was heralded by the firing 
 of a national salnte and the cheering of an im- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 187 
 
 mense crowd. Governor Fifer, Mayor Lawrence, 
 Senators Cullom and Palmer, Representatives 
 Springer and Henderson, Collector John M. 
 Clark of Chicago, ex-Governor Oglesby and 
 Col. E. D. Swain were among the first to greet 
 the visitors and bid them welcome to the capitol 
 of the State. The local militia, Grand Army 
 men and civic organizations were drawn np in 
 line at the station, and escorted the party 
 throngh gayly decorated streets, past the State 
 capital, to the Lincoln monument in Oak Ridge 
 cemetery, where the formal ceremonies took 
 place. 
 
 Mayor Lawrence presided and Governor 
 Fifer delivered an eloquent address of welcome 
 to which the President responded as follows : 
 
 Governor Fifer and Fellow Citizens: During this ex- 
 tended journey, in the course of which we have swept 
 from the Atlantic coast to the Golden Gate, and north- 
 ward to the limits of our territory, we have stood in 
 many spots of interest and looked upon scenes that were 
 full of historical associations, and of national interest and 
 inspiration. The interest of this journey culminates to- 
 day as we stand here for a few moments about the tomb 
 of Lincoln. As I passed through the Southern States 
 
188 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 and noticed those great centers of busy industry which 
 have been builded since the war; as I saw how the fires 
 of furnaces had been kindled where there was once a 
 solitude, I could not then but think and say it was the 
 hand that now lies beneath these stones that kindled and 
 inspired all that we beheld; all these fires of industry 
 were lighted at the funeral pyre of slavery. The proc- 
 lamation of Abraham Lincoln can be read on all those 
 mountain sides where free men are now bending their 
 energies to the development of States that had long been 
 under the paralysis of human slavery. 
 
 I come to-day to this consecrated and sacred spot with 
 a heart filled with emotions of gratitude that God 
 who wisely turned towards our Eastern shores a body of 
 God-fearing and liberty-loving men to found this Repub- 
 lic did not fail to find for us in the hour of our extrem- 
 ity, one who was competent to lead the hearts and sympa- 
 thies, and hold up the courage of our people in the time 
 of our greatest national peril. 
 
 The life of Abraham Lincoln teaches more useful 
 lessons than any other character in American history. 
 Washington stands remote from us. We think of him 
 as dignified and reserved, but we think of Lincoln as 
 one whose tender touch the children, the poor— all classes 
 of our people— felt at their firesides and loved. The love 
 of our people is drawn to him because he had such a 
 great heart— such a human heart. The asperities and 
 hardships of his early life did not dull, but broadened 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 189 
 
 and enlivened his sympathies. That sense of justice, 
 that love of human liberty which dominated all his life, 
 is another characteristic which our people will always 
 love. 
 
 You have here in keeping a most precious trust. To- 
 ward this spot the feet of the reverend patriots of the 
 years to come will bend their way. As the story of Lin- 
 coln's life is read, his virtues will mold and inspire many 
 lives. I have studied it and been filled with wonder and 
 admiration. His life was an American product; no other 
 soil could have produced it. The greatness of it has not 
 yet been fully discovered or measured. As the inner 
 history of the times in which he lived is written, we find 
 how his great mind turned and moved, in time of peril 
 and delicacy, the affairs of our country in their home and 
 foreign relations with that marvelous tact, with that 
 never-failing common sense which characterized this 
 man of the people. And that impressive lesson we have 
 this morning. I see in the military uniform of our coun- 
 try, standing as guards about this tomb, the souls of a 
 race that had been condemned to slavery and was eman- 
 cipated by his immortal proclamation. And what an 
 appropriate thing it is that these whose civil rights were 
 curtailed even in this State are now the trusted, affection- 
 ate guards of the tomb in which he sleeps. 
 
 We will all again and again read the story of Lin- 
 coln's life and will find our hearts and minds enlarged, 
 our loves and our charities broadened and our devotion 
 
190 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 to the Constitution, the flag and the free government 
 which he preserved to us intensified. And now, my 
 friends, most cordially do I thank you for these kind 
 words of welcome. I shall go from this tomb impressed 
 with new thoughts as to the responsibilities of those who 
 bear the responsibilities, though in less troublous times, 
 of that great man to whose memory my soul bows this 
 morning. [Applause.] 
 
 When the President closed he was presented 
 by Governor Fifer on behalf of citizens of Peters- 
 burg, 111., with a gold headed cane made from 
 the Lincoln store building at New Salem. The 
 President made a short address from his carri- 
 age at the station. He said : 
 
 The demand for my presence in Washington is such 
 that I cannot protract my stay with you here this morn- 
 ing. I beg all to believe that most heartily and sincere- 
 ly I thank you for this cordial welcome from Illinois ; for 
 the interesting moments that we have spent about the 
 tomb of that man w 7 ho w r ould have made the fame of 
 Illinois imperishable and Springfield a mecca for patri- 
 otic feet if not another man in the history of the State 
 had come to eminence — Abraham Lincoln. [Cheers.] In 
 his life you have a treasury of instruction for your child- 
 ren, a spring of inspiration for your people that will be 
 lasting. [Cheers.] 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 191 
 
 DECATUR, ILLINOIS. 
 
 MAY 
 
 Fully 7,000 people gathered at the depot to 
 greet the presidential party, and after a brief 
 address of welcome by Mayor Chambers the 
 President spoke as follows : 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens;— We have been 
 now something more than four weeks traversing this 
 broad and beautiful domain which, without regard to 
 state line we call our country. We have passed with 
 such rapidity that our intercourse with the people has 
 necessarily been brief and attended by many inconven- 
 iences to them. Everything that kind hearts could do to 
 make the trip pleasant to us has been done, and yet I 
 have always felt that our hasty call at these prosperous 
 cities where so much pains have been taken in decoration 
 to do honor to us, gives us opportunity to make very 
 inadequate returns to them. We have been shooting 
 like a meteor as to rapidity, but without its luminosity. 
 [Laughter.] It is very pleasant again after seeing Cali- 
 fornia, Arizona, Idaho and Colorado, states in which 
 the annual rainfall is inadequate to the annual crops, 
 and where the dependence of the husbandman is wholly 
 upon irrigation, to come again in these central states, 
 familiar to me from my boyhood, to see crops that the 
 Lord waters in every season. The land of the bluegrass 
 
192 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 is the land of my love. Nowhere can there be seen 
 fairer landscapes, nowhere richer farms, than here in 
 your own great state of Illinois, a state whose history 
 has been full of illustrious achievments, rich in possibil- 
 ities, where lived our illustrious sons ; a state whose 
 population is intelligent, contented, orderly and liberty 
 loving; a state whose development has not yet begun to 
 approach its possible limits ; a state having advantages 
 by the location, swept as it is by two of the great water 
 ways of the continent, advantages of access and markets 
 by lake and rail and river, unexcelled by any other State 
 in the Union ; a state that has not forgotten that the 
 permanence of our free institutions depends upon the in 
 telligence jof the people, and has carefully, at the very 
 beginning, laid a foundation for a common school sys- 
 tem in which every man's child may have a free educa- 
 tion. [Cheers.] These are not simply schools of intelli- 
 gence, but as I have said before, they are schools of 
 statesmanship. They tend as much as any other public 
 institution to make our people a nation loving people. 
 Here on these benches and on this playground the peo- 
 ple of rich and poor mingle together, and the pampered 
 son gets his airs rubbed off with the vigor of his play- 
 mates. ["That's so," and cheers.] Our government 
 does not undertake to regulate many of the affairs of 
 civil life. The bright blue sky of hope is above every 
 boy's head, affording great opportunities for advance- 
 ment, and then our people are left to themselves. Cer- 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 193 
 
 tain great duties are devolved upon the government— to 
 provide revenue and finance and in every branch of pub- 
 lic interest to legislate in the general interests of all the 
 people. I thank you most heartily for this great demon- 
 stration. We leave you with our thanks, our best wishes 
 for your State, your city, and especially for these dear 
 little ones from your schools who come to greet us. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 XENIA, OHIO. 
 
 MAY 14. 
 
 The Presidential party was greeted by an 
 immense crowd of people, including ladies. 
 
 Mayor Howard, Hon. John Little, Postmas- 
 ter Fulton, Geo. V. Good, president of the city 
 council, and Chas. L. Spencer were on the train 
 with the President. Mayor Howard briefly in- 
 troduced him. The President said: 
 
 My Fellow Citizens: I began my day's work this 
 morning at five o'clock, and I have already spoken ten 
 times, to audiences assembled, as you are here to-night, 
 to give us welcome as we speed across the country. And 
 yet I feel that a few spoken words are but small return 
 
194 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 to you who have been at the pains to gather here, and 
 now stand about our train to express your friendly regard. 
 
 No man can be worthy to administer public office in 
 this free republic of ours who does not sincerely covet 
 the good will and respect of the people. ["That's so," 
 and applause.] It is not possible that we should all 
 agree as to our views of public questions. We are so 
 constituted, so born, so educated that we take different 
 views of the great public questions with which Congress 
 and the Executive have to deal. But it is pleasant to ob- 
 serve, as I have on this long journey I have been taking, 
 that while we have many points of difference we have a 
 great many more of agreement, [applause] and that we 
 are all pursuing, by different means, the same great end 
 — the glory of our country — the permanency of our in- 
 stitutions — the order — social order— of the communities 
 in which we dwell, and the general good of all the peo- 
 ple. [Applause.] 
 
 This government was devised for all people. Mr. 
 Lincoln very felicitously described it as "a government 
 of the people"— one that sprang from, that was origin- 
 ated by them ; a government for the people — adminis- 
 tered for their good — having no other end than to pro- 
 mote the greatest good of the greatest number. Now, I 
 am glad to know that we are so thoroughly and heartily 
 in love with our institutions. You are thinking now, 
 perhaps, of the government at Washington; but, my 
 countrymen, the springs of all p good government— the 
 
TO THE PACIFIC, 195- 
 
 more important things after all are in your local com- 
 munity. [' 'That's so."] It is in the township — in the 
 school district — in the city — the municipality — that the 
 utmost care needs to be taken. If these affairs are wisely 
 and economically administered, so tnat each one of these 
 small civil divisions is pure in its administration, eco- 
 nomical and just in the assessment and distribution of 
 public burdens, and accomplishes fully the purpose of 
 civil government, then the aggregate of all these things 
 that make up the State and National Government is sure 
 to be right. [Applause.] I trust that we will give due 
 attention to these things, for it is the aggregate of these 
 that makes up the prosperity and happiness, and great- 
 ness of the community. Social order, decent lives, re- 
 pression of lawlessness, and the encouragement and 
 promotion of the public schools, and everything that 
 tends to security and good order, decent living, good 
 education, and the right instruction of our children in 
 these things, we are to find our security and growth as a 
 nation. Upon these foundation stones our prosperity 
 rests; and I am glad to know that so much careful 
 thought is now being given by our public men, and by 
 our people generally, to these questions. [Applause.] 
 
 I thank you for your attendance here, and for your 
 cordial greeting, and bid you good night. [Cheers.] 
 
196 FROM THE A TLANTIC 
 
 INDIANAPOLIS. 
 
 A large delegation of Indiana friends met 
 the President at Monteznma, Ind. He was 
 overcome by the greeting, and for the first time 
 since he started from Washington was nnable 
 to respond to the demand for a speech at any 
 length. He managed to say : 
 
 My Friends: — We have had a long journey, and one 
 that has been attended by a great many pleasant inci- 
 dents. We had cheers of welcome reaching from our 
 first stop at Roanoke, Va., stretching across the moun- 
 tains of Tennessee and Northern Georgia and Alabama, 
 down through Arkansas and Texas, and along the 
 Pacific coast. Everywhere we had the most cordial 
 and kindly greeting : but as I crossed to-day the border 
 line of Indiana, and meet again these old friends, I find 
 in your welcome a sweetness that exceeds it all. 
 
 At this point the tears came to the President's 
 eyes, and his utterance became so choked that 
 he could say no more. He soon recovered, how- 
 ever, and extended a cordial welcome to the 
 Indianapolis Reception Committee, which then 
 boarded the train. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 197 
 
 When the train arrived at Indianapolis there 
 was a magnificent display of affection by the 
 people, and the President said : 
 
 I do not think I can speak much to-day. The strain 
 of the long journey and frequent calls made on me to 
 speak, from Washington to the Golden Gate, and from 
 the far Northwest territory back to Indianapolis have 
 somewhat exhausted me, body and mind, and have made 
 my heart so open to these impressions as I greet my old 
 friends that I can not, I fear, command myself. 
 
 Our pathway has been marked by the plaudits of the 
 multitude, our way strewn with flowers. We have jour- 
 neyed through the orchards of California laden with fruit; 
 we have climbed the summits of great mountains from 
 which rich metals have been extracted, then we have 
 dropped into fruitful valleys, and our whole pathway has 
 been made glad by the friendly acclaim of our American 
 fellow citizens without regard to party. But all the 
 sweetness of these flowers, all the beauty of these almost 
 tropical landscapes, all the richness of these precious 
 mines sink into forgetfulness as I recieve to-day this 
 welcome from my old friends. [There was a perceptible 
 moisture in the President's eyes, and his voice almost 
 failed him.] 
 
 My manhood has known no other home but this. It 
 was the scene of my early struggles. It has been the 
 scene and instrument and support of my early success in 
 
198 FROM THE ATLANTIC 
 
 life. I come to lay down before you to-day my offering 
 of thankfulness for the friendly helpfulness in boyhood 
 and in all hours down to this. 
 
 I left you two years ago to take up the work of the 
 most responsible office in the world. I went to these 
 untried duties sustained by your helpful friendliness. I 
 come after two years to confess many errors, but to say 
 to you that I have had but one thought in my mind — to 
 use whatever influence I have for the general good of 
 all the people. 
 
 Our stay is so brief that I must deny myself the 
 pleasure of taking all these friends by the hand. God 
 bless you all. I have not forgotten, I can not forget, 
 Indianapolis. I look forward, if my life is spared, to this 
 as the city where I shall rest when the hard toil is done. 
 I love its homes and rejoice in its commercial prosperity. 
 Pardon further speech, and allow me to say God bless 
 you every one, and good-bye. 
 
TO THE PACIFIC. 139 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 MAY 15. 
 
 The grand tour of President Harrison and 
 party, which began April 14 last, ended at 5:30 
 o'clock this afternoon, when the presidential 
 train came to a standstill in the Pennsylvania 
 railroad station here exactly on time. The 
 great journey of 10,000 miles had been accom- 
 plished without an accident and without devia- 
 tion from the pre-arranged schedule, except on 
 one occasion. 
 
 Between Washington and Baltimore the 
 members of the party and the employes assembled 
 in the observation car and the President made 
 a short speech, in which he thanked all those 
 who had accompanied him for the courtesies ex- 
 tended. He paid a high compliment to Mr. 
 George W. Boyd, the genial passenger agent of 
 the Pennsylvania railroad, who had charge of 
 the train, for what he had achieved in keeping 
 them exactly to the time schedule. 
 

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