Class Book. COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT THE STATE DEPARTMENTS MEMBERS AND OFFICERS OF THE Legislature of Pennsylvania, 1895-94. 6^^H^, Jf^- ^o-c<^ PORTTRAinrS OF THK HEADS OF STATE DEPARTMENTS PORTRAITS AND SKETCHES Members of the Legislature OF PENNSYLVANIA, 189: -94. COMPILED BY WM. RODEARMEL. m 20 189'^ HARRISBURG : E. K. MEYERS PRINTING HOUSE. 1893. -f— r, I /, 4-S Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1893, By WM. RODEARMEL, Harrisburg, T'a., In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. NTRODUCTORY. THIS publication contains a portrait and sketch of every mem- ber of the Senate and House of Representatives, and por- traits of the Heads of Departments, with other illustrations running the number above three hundred. The author takes this method of thanking the legislative newspaper correspondents for the aid they have extended him in the preparation of the sketches, and to Mr. Lerue Lemer, of Harrisburg, Pa., the well-known pho- tographer, for his invaluable assistance in expediting the completion of the work by promptly furnishing the photographs from which nearly all the plates in it were made. The fine portraits which adorn the pages of the book are due largely to the well-executed photo- graphs from the establishment of Mr. Lemer, who, for nearly a quarter of a century, has made a specialty of making photographic groups of members of the Legislature. Thanks are also due, and warmly extended, to the State officials and members of the Senate and House, who, by their prompt encouragement of the enterprise, have made its success possible. Its originator feels like thanking himself that the arduous work he has been required to do is at an end. W. R. THE STATE DEPARTMENTS OF PENNSYLVANIA. The State Departments KOBT. E. PATTISON. of Philadelphia, Governor of Pennsylvania. Tlie State Departments. WM. F. HAKKITY, of Philadclphui, Secretary of the Commomrcdltli. The State Departments. W. U. HENSEL, of Lancaster, Attorney General. The State /Mpartinenis. XV p^«^^ h % ^ -1 ^ f*-«- •t^^^^B ^^^^^^^I^^^hB^S^^^^^^^^^^^^^^IB^ J ^5H l^^^^^l^p^ - ... - D. McM. GREGG, of Eerk.s, Audifor (leneml. TJie State Departmejits. xvii JOHN W. MOKKISON, of Allegheny, State Treasurer. Tlie State Departments. THOMAS J. STEWART, of Montgomery, Hccnianj of Internal Affairs. T}ie State Departments. XXI ( »•*>- 1 ^B ■*^r»^ •^ V * ^9B s t ^^^ H H ^t. ^^^ yHjH 1 Hh ^^H ^^^^ •'^Sfe^ 1 H Hnf mk •i 1 IB F^ NATHAN C. SCHAEFFER, of Berks. Superintendent of Public Instruction. The State Departments. xxin W. W. GREENLAND, of Clarion, Adjutant General. The State Departments. XXV GEORGE B. LUPER, of Crawford, Insurance Commissioner. Tlie State Departments. xxvn CHARLES H. KKUMBHAAK, of Philadelphia, SKjjcrhiieinlent of Bankiin/. Jlie State Departments. XXIX WILLIAM H. EGLE, M. D., of Dauphin, State Librarian. 2 he State Departments. XXXI WM. HAYES GRIEK, of Lancaster, Superititcndcnt of Pitblic Printinfj mid Bindiii;/. TJie State Departmeuts. KOBERT WATCHORN, of Washingtou, Factory Inspector, Ihe State Depart inents. XXXV r fftp^ "^ fe, " '^ /% • i^L 4 wnt'-*>^ V A. B. FARQUHAR, of York, Executive Commissioner of Board of Woild's: Fair ^lanngers. The State DejMrtiiieuts. Kxxvn COL, C. T. O'NEILL, of Lehigh, Superintendent of State Arsenal. The State Depart ii}ents. XXXIX HUMPHREY D. TATE, of Bedford, I'ririitc Sccveldnj 1o Gorenior. The State Departments. xli A. L. TILDEN, of Erie, Dcpufij Secretary of the Commonwealth. The State. Departments. xliii JAMES A. STKAXAHAN, of Mercer, Deputy Attorney Gencml. Thf Stafi: Drparlnients. xlv FREDERICK SHOBER, of Philadelphia, Chief Clerk Audilor GoicniPs I)f]H(rtiiient. The State Departments. xlvu G. MORRISON TAYLOR, of rhiladelphia, Cashier State Treasury. 7'Ae State Departments. xlix ISAAC B. BKOWN, of Erie, Deputy Secretary of Internal Affain Tlie State Departments. HENRY HOUCK, of Lebanon, Jjrjtntij Siijxrintendeiii of Fublic Inntiuction. The State IJf^pariinents. liii GEORGE C. KELLY, of Union, Chief Clerk Adju/unt (ienernVs. Depnrlmenf. The State Departments. \v J. WOODS BKOWN, of Northumberland, Deputy Insurance Coniviissioner. Tlifi State Departments. Ivii EDWIN K. MEYEKS, ot Dauphin, State Piinicr, LEGISLATIVE NEWSPAPER CORRESPONDENTS. Ix Correspondents. W. K. Buckingham, The Press. Philadelpliia. PETER J. HOBAN, The PaWic Ledger. Philadelphia. Henry Hali^, The Times. Pittsburg. \j. I). Bancroft, The Du^ipatch, Pittsburg. A. R. CRUM, The Comttiercial-Gazette, Pittsburg. -stfRr W. A. CONNOR, United Press. The Xiirth American, Philadelphia. Peter Bolger, The Record, Philadelphia. Correspondents. Ixi WM. RODEAKMEL, The Times, PliUadelphia. -*fB,i ^life/* GEO. M. WANliAUGH, The Piitridt. Harrisburg. 7 he Chronicle- Tdeurapli, Pittsburg ■ m^ m Thos. M. Jones, The Teleriniph. Hnrrisbitrri. The I'eh'ijruph, PliUadelphia. SAM UUDSON, The hulletin, Philadelphia. The Leader, Pittsburg. W. R. Stenger, 2' he Patriot, Har9'isburg. E. J. Stackpoi.e. The Integra ph. J/arrisbitrg. The Inquirer, Philadelphia. .loiiN I*. DOIIONEY, 'Jlie yVcss, I'iltxbiirg. THE SENATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, The Senate. V GUIS ARTHUR WATRES, Presi- „ ^^\j^,^ J-* dent of the Senate, was born at ^flHHHHk^^^ Mount Vernon, Lackawanna county, «PPII^^^^BL Pa., April 21, 1851. His father was W flBB I.ouis S. Watres, one of the earlj' set- 1 ^^H^ i\e\s of the Lackawanna Valley, and a 1(81^.^1^- ^Hf descendant of the renowned James Otis, of Massachusetts. His mother was a uifted poetess, and under the nom dc plume of " Stella, of Lackawanna," wrote numerous popular poems, many of which have been gathered since her decease and put in book form. Mr. Watres was obliged at an early age to leave school and seek employment. Afier having been engaged in sundry callings he became a bank clerk, then teller and afterwards cashier of the Scranton Savings Bank and Trust Com- pany. He studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1878, since which time he has been in the active practice of his profession. In 1877, after the reorgani- zation of the National Guard of Pennsylvania, Mr. Watres was elected Lieutenant of company C, Thirteenth regiment. In July, 1880. he was elected Captain of company A, Thirteenth regiment, Third brigade, which position he held until January, 1887, when he was appointed by Governor James A. Beaver as Gen- eral Inspector of Rifle Practice of the National Guard of Pennsylvania, with rank as colonel. He has always been a Republican. In 1882 he was elected to the Senate of Pennsylvania from a strongly Democratic district and was re-elected in 1886. In 1890 he was elected Lieutenant Governor by a majority of 22,365, while the Democratic Governor was elected by 17,000 majority. In addition to being Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate of Pennsylvania, he is President of the Board of Pardons. In 1891 he was selected chairman of the Re- publican State Committee, and led his party to a victory of unusual magnitude. By act of General Assembly he was made Commissioner from Pennsylvania to the World's Columbian Exposition and subsequently elected Vice-President of the Board. Mr. Watres is regular in attendance on the sessions of the Senate, presides over its deliberations with dignity and ability, and possesses the high esteem of ail its members. In religion Mr. Watres entertains strong but liberal views and is a member of the Presbyterian church. In 1874 he married Effie Hawley, and has three .sons Harold, Laiirence and Reyburn. -9- "IIMIIIK- TJie Senate. GEORGE HANDY SMITH, the vete- ran Senator who has represented the First district of the city of Philadel- phia since 1876, being the senior mem- ber in point of service, is a native of the the Quaker City, having been born in the Eighth ward on July 21, 1836. His ancestors were Scotch, and emigrated to America in 1632, settling in Maryland, where they were instrumental in estab- lishing, at Snow Hill, Worcester county, the first Presbyterian church erected on this continent. Senator Smith was edu- cated in the schools of his native city, graduating in the senior class of the Locust Street grammar school. He learned the arts and mysteries of jew- eler and silversmith, and successfully followed that occupation until the peo- ple called him into their service in other departments of life. He early became identified with the Eepublican party and has always been one of its sturdiest adherents and most efiicient workers. After having creditably filled several positions under the municipal government of Philadelphia, he was, in 1871, elected to the House of Representatives from the First district, and re-elected in 1872 and 1873. He has served in the Senate since 1875. Here his knowledge ot parliamentary procedure and careful consideration of pending legislation soon won him a prominence he has always retained. In 1885 he was honored with an election to the Presidency pro tempore of the Senate, and re-elected in 1887. He was chairman of the Republican joint caucus that nominated J. Donald Cameron for United States Senator in 1879 and 1891, and had the same honor in 1893, when M. S. Quay was nominated for a second term. Mr. Smith also placed Mr. Quay in nomination in the Senate. As chairman of the inauguration committee, he pre- sided at both inaugurations of Governor Hartranft and at that of Governor Hoyt, and was a member of that committee on both occasions when Governor Pattison was inducted into office. In the Senate he is chairman of the Committee on Ap- propriations. Keeping a close watch on all legislation, he takes an active part in all important measures, and while never occupying the time of the Senate with useless discussions, exercises himself when occasion demands with clearness and force, and always with effect. In 1862 Mr. Smith enlisted in the Ninth Penn- sylvania regiment, returning from the service as corporal. He is a member of Hector Tyndale Post G. A. R., and of the Veteran Corps of the First regiment National Guard of Pennsylvania. A man of frank, out-spoken disposition and generous impi;lses. Senator Smith has a wide circle of warm friends, and, his friendship once given, he is unwavering in his adherence to those who deserve it. During an extended period of public service, he has shown that he possesses the qualities and the will to faithfully discharge every dutj'. Mr. Smith is now engaged in agriciiltural pursuits, and finds in the avocation of a farmer a pleasant recreation from the activities of public life. Tlie Senate. ELLWOOD BECKER, who represents the Second Senatorial district, is in his fortieth year, having been born in Phihidelphia July 20, 1853. His father was a tailor. On account of delicate health young Becker was not sent to school until he was about twelve years old. He attended the public school only and graduated from the senior class of the Park Avenue grammar school in Philadelphia. He entered the real estate business in the Fifth ward and ^^^^^^^ ^^ was successful from the start. His I "'''^^R ^"""^ ^H geniality and business acumen won him ■ ^^ ^^ many friends and brought to his office numerous and profitable clients, until to-day he has in his care 600 houses for rent. Senator Becker has always been a staunch Republican, and since he has reached manhood he has always taken an active interest in the affairs of his party. The ward in which he resides is doubtful, politically, but of recent years it has more frequently been found in the Republican column, and it is not too much to say that some of the credit for this result, if not a large share of it, is due to the efforts of Senator Becker. His popularity and political activity may be understood from the fact that he is the first Republican ever elected to the Senate from his district, which is composed of five wards, each of which is Democratic except the Fifth. Despite the political complexion of his district he was elected Senator over ex-Representative James D. Lee, a very popular Democrat, by a plu- rality of 98. This is the only political position Senator Becker ever held, but he has attended several conventions, the most important Ijeing the Republican State Convention of 1890, which nominated Delamater for Governor. In the Senate he is chairman of the Committee on Banks and since the death of Senator Neeb he also presides over the Committee on Vice and Immorality. During the session he has introduced a bill for the assignment of mortgages and other securities ; a medical examiners' bill; a bill to protect the trade marks and labels of labor organizations; a bill directing telephone companies to bury their wires within eighteen months, which was killed in committee, and a bill compelling agents representing foreign insurance companies doing business in this state to pay a license fee of $200. Senator Becker is a direc^tor of the Merchants' Title and Trust Company, a member of Washington Lodge 59, F. and A. M., Harmony Chapter, Philadelphia Commandery, Philadelphia Consistory and one of the incorporators of the Ancient and Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Lulu Temple. Mr. Becker has taken thirty-two degrees in Masonry. The Seno.te. FRANCIS A. OSBOURN, who repre- sents the Third Senatorial district, was born March 1, 1845, in Philadel- phia. His ancestry dates back to the revolutionary war. At the outbreak of the rebellion young Osbourn joined company I, Twentieth regiment, In- diana volunteers, and was at once sent into active service. He received his baptism of fire at the occupation of Fort Hatteras and the approaches to Roanoke Island in 1861, and was under the raking guns for two days at Newport News, Virginia, of the rebel ram Merrimac, and other vessels and in March of the follow- ing year witnessed the destruction of the Union frigates Cumberland and Congress, and the first great naval bat- tle between iron ships of war, the Mon- itor and the Merrimac. He participated m the capture of Norfolk and Ports- mouth, Virginia, in May, 1862, and was then transferred with his regiment to the Army of the Potomac, joining it at the desperate battles of Fair Oaks and the Seven Pines, within seven miles of Richmond. He also took part in Generals Kearney's and Hooker's attack on the Confederate capital on June 25, 1863, and while charging the enemy's line he was so dangerously wounded in the left arm by a rifle ball that amputation at the shoulder joint was found to be immediately necessary. On his return to Philadelphia he recruited a company. He went to Yorktown in October, 1863, whence he joined in the hazardous expedition to support the famous cavalry raid of General Kilpatrick to release the Federal prisoners in Libby. During the siege of Petersburg and Grant's movements in the assault and exploding of mines he was in the thickest of the fight and twice narrowly escaped with his life. On March 13, 1865, he was breveted a ca^jtain of United States volunteers by President Lincoln for gallant and meritorious service and commanded a company in the Sixteenth regiment Veteran Reserve Corps until the close of the war. In 1867 he left the army and began the study of law in the oflice of Chas. E. Lex, Esq. In 1869 he was admitted to the bar of Philadel- phia. In 1876 he was elected to the House, and during the term of 1877-78 he introduced the original municipal reform bill, which became the new city charter of Philadelphia in 1885. After the expiration of his term as a legislator he was appointed cxiy solicitor by William Nelson "West, which position he held with the approval of his superior for six years. In 1884 he was elected to the Senate from the Third district, and obtained his seat after a contest in 1889. At the session of 1893 Senator Osbourn was chairman of the Committee on Municipal Affairs and a member of Judiciary General, Judiciary Special, Military Affairs and Pensions and Gratuities Committees. The Seriate. C ^HARLES WESLEY THOMAS, Sen- ator from the Fourth Philadelphia district, was born on June 6, 1860, in Philadel])hia. His father. Benjamin Thomas, a grocer, was a native of Ches- ter county. Pa., and of Welsh ancestry. The Senator's mother, of Scotch-Irish descent, was also born in Chester county After attending the public schools of his native city, the boy was employed in a grocery store, and subsequently was a clerk in the general office of the Penn- sylvania railroad, on South Fourth street. He resigned that place to be- come a legislator, and is now in the real estate business. Mr. Thomas, who has ever been a staunch Republican, was a member of the House of Representa- tives in the sessions of 1885, 1887 and 1889, resigning at the close of the latter session to accept a position of private secretary of the Collector of the Port of Philadelphia, Thomas V. Cooper. He resigned this secretaryship in order to take his seat as State Senator, to which he was elected in 1890, as the successor of John J. Macfarlane. Mr. Thomas received an overwhelming majority for this office, 18,461 votes having been cast for him, while his highly esteemed Democratic opponent, John S. Goldback, received only 10,531 votes. Early in this legislative term many of Mr. Thomas' fellow Sena- tors proposed that he should be the next President pro tern, of the Senate, and the newspapers of Philadelphia and its vicinity contained very favorable comments on the choice, which were copied in other journals. Mr. Thomas is a member of the Senate Committees on Finance, Railroads, Municipal Affairs, Insurance, Educa- tion and Legislative Apportionment, and is chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings. Among the bills introduced by him this session were those appropri- ating $635,000 for a new library and administration building and repairs to the capitol ; to provide for the care of the indigent insane ; fixing the terms of no- taries public, and providing for the investment of the funds of savings banks. Mr. Thomas has been a leader in the movement for the abolition of the Public Build- ing Commission of Philadelphia. His voice, representing that half of West Phila- delphia above Market street, is among the most influential in the Republican organization of his city. He served as assistant secretary of the Republican State Committee in 1887, and was secretary in charge during the presidential campaign of 1888. In the state conventions of 1888 and 1892 he was a delegate. His sagacity, amiability, fidelity to friends, and tireless industry and energy made him, first, the trusted subordinate, and, finallj', the ever-welcome counsellor and fellow manager of the leaders of his party in city and state. The Senate. CHARLES A. PORTER, of the Fifth district, Philadelphia, Avas born May 15, 1839, in that section of the city known half a century ago as North Mulberry ward, on Cherry street, above Fifth. His parents were people of mod- erate circumstances, and as a boy he re- ceived his education principally in the Zane Street Grammar School. On at- taining manhood he took up the busi- ness of his father — that of contractor. He was always of a studious disposition, and early in li^e evinced an interest in politics. He cast his tirst vote in 1860 for Abraham Lincoln. When but twenty-three years of age he received his first political appointment, that of supervisor of the streets of the city of Philadelphia, and served in that posi- tion for four years under Mayors Henry and McMichael. In 1869 he was elected a member of the City Republican Campaign Committee from the Eighth ward, served almost continuously for twenty-four years and won the confidence and respect of his party in his district. In 1872, 1878 and 1874 he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature from the Eighth and Ninth wards. On May 15, 1875, Mr. Porter removed to the Twenty-eighth ward and has since that time been recognized as the leader of the Republican forces in that section. In 1888 he was a delegate to the Republican National Convention that nominated General Harrison for the Presidency of the United States. In 1889 he was unanimously elected as chairman of the Republican City Committee and has been chosen to the same position every subsequent election. He is an able manager and his conduct of political afiairs has always resulted in party harmony. In 1890 he was elected State Senator for the unexpired term of Hon. J. E. Reyburn. As a Senator, Mr. Porter was always at his post, and has introduced many measures of great importance affecting the interests of his native city. Among them the bill to vest the authority over all the public schools in the city in the board of edu- cation and abolish the sectional boards, and the bill to equalize the representa- tion in the councils of the city. In 1892 Senator Porter Avas elected to the Sen- ate for the full term. He has assisted many men to political positions and has always insisted upon giving the young element of the Republican party an oppor- tunity of showing what could be done. He is a liberal contributor to cam- paign funds and does not hesitate to assist, financially, those who appeal to him. Unassuming in his methods and unostentatious in his dealings with men, he manages to make himself as popular with the division workers as with those who take part in political contests only when it suits their pleasure and convenience. Mr. Porter has followed the business of general contractor for the past thirty years. He has been successful in business and enjoys a comfortable fortune. He is at present a director of the Chestnut Street National Bank. The /Senate. B' |OIES PENROSE, representing the Sixth district of Phihidelphia, was born on November 1, 1860, at 1331 Spruce street, where he still resides. He is the eldest son of R. A. F. Penrose, M. D., LL. D., a professor in the med- ical department of the University of Pennsylvania, and a grandson of Charles B. Penrose, one of the best known and highly esteemed lawyers of the state, Siieaker of the State Senate for several terms, and Solicitor of the United States Treasury, under Presidents William Henry Harrison and John Tyler. His great-grandfather was Clement Biddle Penrose, who was educated in France and Switzerland, and who, on his return to Philadelphia, Avas appointed by Thomas Jefferson, then President of the United States, one of the three commis- sioners to take charge of the recently acquired territory of Louisiana. Boies Penrose, on both sides, comes from pure old colonial stock. Through his father he is a direct descendent of William Bid- die, a friend and contemporary of William Penn, who came to America about the same time as Penn, and who was one of the proprietors of the then Province of New Jersey. William Biddle had been an officer in the British army, and had been converted to Quakerism by George Fox, the founder of the sect. Wil- liam Biddle was the founder of the Biddle family of Philadelphia. Nicholas Scull, Surveyor General of Pennsylvania in the old colonial days, was another paternal ancestor. Philip Thomas, private secretary to Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore, and founder of the Thomas family of Maryland, was a direct ancestor on the maternal side. Boies Penrose was educated by private tutors at home, until, at the early age of sixteen, he entered Harvard College, from which he graduated with high honors in 1881. He was one of the graduates selected to deliver an oration at the com- mencement, and his subject was " Martin Van Buren as a Politician." He studied law in the office of Wayne McVeagh and George Tucker Bisphani, and was ad- mitted to the bar of Philadelphia in 1883. In 1884 he was elected to represent the Eighth ward of Philadelpliia in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, and in 1886 the Sixth district in the Senate. May 9, 1889, he was elected Presi- dent jjro tempore of the Senate, and was re-elected January 6, 1891, to the same office. November 4, 1890, he was re-elected to the State Senate. He is the author, in connection with liis law partner, Mr. Allinson, of a history of the city govern- ment of Philadelphia, a volume entitled "Philadelphia, 1681-1887," and a "His- tory of Ground Rents in Philadelphia." Mr. Penrose is devoted to his profession. At the session of 1893 he was chairman of the Judiciary Special Committee and was a member of a number of other important committees. He introduced much important legislation, including the bill for the abolition of the Philadelphia Public Building Commission, in which he showed a great interest. 10 The Senate. JOHN C. GRADY was boru iu Eastpori, J Maine, October 8, 1847. Practically his career began in Philadelphia as a l)ook-keeper in the employ of Gould & Co. After he had closed the day's ac- counts he devoted his evenings to the acquirement of the rudiments of law. He was admitted to practice in the courts of Philadelphia in October, 1871, and was very soon conceded a standing as an attorney of considerable knowledge and ceaseless application. In 1876 he con- sented to the use of his name for State Senator, and was elected from the Seventh district. His majority was greater than his party's. He entered the Senate the youngest man in the body, and was re-nominated in 1880 without opposition and elected. Dur- ing his second term as United States Senator a bolt occurred, dividing the Eepublican party council into factions. The contention continued for weeks, when the Democratic party managers made overtures to the bolters to nominate any person they could mutually agree upon regardless of politics who had not been voted for. The situation having become critical, Mr Grady succeeded in ob- taining a written declination from Galusha A. Grow, the bolter's candidate, which had the effect of destroying the balance of power held by the bolters, thus saving to his party and the state a United States Senator. Then Messrs. Cameron and Quay, the Republican leaders, entrusted him with a mission to General Garfield, the President-elect, to present the claims of Penn- sylvania to representation in the Cabinet, which was performed to the satisfaction of those who delegated him with the mission and left a favorable impression on the President-elect. Mr. Grady was asked in a letter written to him by President Garfield to accept the appointment of surveyor for the port of Philadelphia, but he declined the offer, pieferring to continue in the Senate. He was one of the delegates selected by the Legislature to represent Pennsylvania at the Yorktown Centennial Celebration, and has served on many of its most important special com- mittees, notably as a member of the committee appointed to receive General Grant on his return from his trip around the world. For eight years he was chairman of the General Judiciary Committee, and eight years chairman of Finance Com- mittee. Among his most important services was the championing of a bill which was passed preventing the seizing of citizens and taking them to another state without process of law or accountability to the laws of the state, and the promi- nent part taken by him in the passage ot the new city charter for Philadelphia as well as in the new procedure act, which revolutionized the practice of law. He was re-elected to a third term, and later on was chosen President jjro tempore of the Senate in 1887, and re-elected President in 1889. In 1892 he was re-nominated for Senator without opposition, and elected by an increased majority. At the ex- piration of his present term he will have served twenty consecutive years in that oflBice, and this experience has equipped him as a most thorough parliamentarian. The Senate. ii TACOB GROUSE, of the Eighth Sen- J atorial district, was born in Phila- delphia February 14, 1840. His father, whose birthplace was Baltimore, Mary- land, was a boilermaker and his mother was a native ot Ireland. He attended the public schools in Philadelphia until eleven years old, ■when he went to work as an errand boy and at the age of thir- teen obtained a position in a carpet store. He has continued in that busi- ness ever since and is now the head of a large carpet store on Market street, Philadelphia. In 1874 he was elected to the State Senate and served during 1875 and 1876. During 1880 and 1881 he served a term in city councils of Philadelphia and in 1889 was again elected to the >Senate to fill the vacancy i-aused by the death of Henry S. Taylor. In 1892 he was re-elected for a full term by a majority of 6,864. He was chairman of the Elections Committee and also served on the Committee on Public Buildings. Corporations, Legislative Apportion- ment, Finance, Insurance, Education and Centennial Affairs. Mr. Grouse has taken an active part in legislative work, being the sponsor of some of the most im- portant bills introduced during the session of 1893. Among these were the bills fixing the amount of the bond which is required of inspectors of buildings in the city of Philadelphia and providing for its cancellation ; providing for the better government of cities of the first class ; regulating the construction, maintenance and inspection of buildings ; fixing the charges for rental of telephones ; pro- viding for the licensing and regulation of houses for the boarding of inlants ; em- powering the courts of quarter sessions to grant transfers from one place to another of licenses for the sale of vinous, spirituous, malt or brewed liquors or any admix- ture thereof. Senator Grouse has been assiduous in the performance of his legisla- ,tive duties, and has been particularly attentive to committee work and is one of the most popular members of the Senate. 12 Tlie Senate. JESSE MATLACK BAKER, Senator J from Delaware county, is of Quaker ancestry, and Avas born March 1, 1854, at Parkesburg, Chester county. His father is a farmer. His early educa- cation was had in the public schools, from which he entered the Pennsylvania Military Academy. He became a cadet at the West Point Military Academy in .June, 1871, from which institution he was honorably discharged in June, 1873. The next year he began to teach school and followed that avocation until 1879. Beginning the study of law, he was ad- mitted to the bar of Delaware county in 1881, and to practice in the supreme court in 1884. He served as district attorney for Delaware county from 1882 to 1888, and won his spurs by his able conduct of the prosecution in the cele- brated Sharpless murder trial. Elected to the House of Representatives in 1888, and re-elected in 1890, he soon took rank as a legislator, and in the last session impressed his name upon the election laws of the state by introducing and advocating to final passage the Baker ballot law. No more important measure to the voters of the state has been passed in late years, and Mr. Baker has been accorded a deserved popularity for his labors in its enact- ment, as well as for the amendments aimed to perfect it which he has introduced this session. In 1892 he was elected to the Senate, where his active disposition found a congenial field, and many of the most important measures presented were framed and introduced by him. He is chairman of the Military Committee, and a member of those on Elections, Corporations, Judiciary General and Special, In- surance, Mines and Mining and Legislative Apportionment. Senator Baker's early military training left its impress upon his character, and on February 5, 1877, he enlisted as a private in companj^ G, Eleventh regiment N. G. P. — now com- panj^ H, Sixth regiment — and was rapidly promoted to a second and first lieuten- ancy, becoming captain of the company on October 22, 1878. His commission ex- piring October 22, 1883, he again enlisted as a private one month later, and was made qnarterraaster of the Sixth regiment May 24, 1886. His commission expired September 14, 1889. On June 17, 1892, he became, captain of company H, Sixth regiment, and now holds that position. Mr. Baker takes place among the most influential of the new Senators, and has already shown himself a valuable acquisi- tion to the higher branch of the Legislature. He is a forcible and ready de- bator, a good parliamentarian, and a Senator whose close watch upon all matters of legislation keeps him always prepared to intelligently discuss any measures that come up for action in the Senate. TJie Senate. GEORGE ROSS, Senator from Bucks county, and the acknowledged leader of his party in the Senate, in which body he has from his entrance therein taken a most active and influ- ential imrt in legislative matters, is a Pennsylvanian by birth and lineage, having been born at Doylestown, August 24, 1841. He comes of a distinguished and honored line of ancestors. Al- though his earlier ancestors were of the clan Ross of the Highlands of Scotland, his great-grandfather, Thomas Ross, was born in the county Tyrone, Ireland, in 1708. Emigrating to America in early life he joined the Society of Friends and became a distinguished Quaker preacher, dying at the house of Lindley Murray, the great grammarian, in York, England, in 1786. His son, John Ross, grandfather of Senator Ross was born in 1770, and died in 1834. Serving in the Eleventh, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Congresses, he was appointed Justice of the Supreme Court in 1830 and died in the judicial. ermine, a jurist distinguished by his learning and probity. Thomas Ross, his son, and father of the present Senator from Bucks, was also a prominent lawyer and member of Con- gress, representing the Lehigh-Bucks district in the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses. Nor is Senator Ross' ancestry on the maternal side less distinguished, his mother having been a daughter of Levi Pawling, of Montgomery county, a member of the Fifteenth Congress. Senator George Ross was preparatorily edu- cated at Hartsville Tennant School, Pennsylvania, and Burlington and Lawreuce- ville. New Jersey, and graduated from Princeton College in the class of '61. Choos- ing the profession of his forefathers he became a lawyer, and has attained a leading position at the bar. Taking an active interest in politics he speedily became prominent in his party, and in 1872 was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention that framed the present organic law. In 1886 he was elected to the State Senate, and was re-elected in 1890. In 1889 he was the Democratic caucus nominee for President -pro tempore. In 1884 and 1888 he was the Democratic candi- date for Congress in the Bucks-Montgomery district, and in 1893 was the caucus nominee of his party for United States Senator against M. S. Quay. In 1876, 1884 and 1888 he was a district delegate to the National Democratic Convention, and as a delegate-at-large in 1892 assisted for the third time in nominating Grover Cleve- land for the presidency. In this last convention he served on the committee on resolutions. Mr. Ross has been delegate to several state conventions, and was permanent chairman of that of 1892. He is a trustee of the Norristown State Hospital and president of the Bucks County Trust Company. In the present Senate he is a member of the most important committees. He married, on Decem- ber 28, 1870, at the Washington Arsenal. Ellen Lyman Phipps, daughter of G. W. Phipps, of Boston, Mass., and has six children living. Senator Ross is a lawyer of ability and a most careful and conscientious legislator. His speeches are models of conciseness and perspicuity, always receiving the interested attention of the Senate, and the heat of debate never betrays him into harshness of expression or 3. forgetfulness of the courtesy due to his opponents. It is no overstatement to say that Mr. Ross enjoys the friendship and esteem of his fellow Senators without regard to party affiliation. 14 The Senate. H ENRY D. GREEN represents Berks county, or the Eleventh Senatorial district. He is. serving his second term of four years in the Senate, and had previously served in the lower house from 1883 to 1887 as the representative of Reading. In 1892 he was re-elected 1)y 8,454 majority for a term of four years. He was born ou May 3, 1857, in Reading, and has continued to reside in that place ever since. He attended the public schools in his native city, and graduated from its high school in 1872 and after a year spent in prepa- ratory study entered the academic de- partment of Yale College in the fall of 1873, where he graduated with the class of 1877, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts. After graduation he studied law in the office of his father, an old practitioner, and one of the leading lawyers of that county, and was admitted to practice on November 10, 1879. Sub- sequently, on February 27, he was admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Since that time he has continued in active practice, interrupted only by his public duties. He has been actively interested in the success and prosperity of Reading and is president of the Reading Real Estate Exchange, which company holds large real estate interests in that vicinity. In social life he occupies a high position, and is president of the Nautilus Boat Club, the most ex- clusive social club of Reading, and is a member of the University Club of Phila- delphia. Senator Green comes from one of the oldest and most respected families of Berks county, his great-great-grandfather, William Green, having settled in Maxatawney township that county, in 1760, and carried on a mercantile business there. He was burgess of Reading in 1788 and assessor in 1792. His great- grandfather, William Green, was born in Maiden-Creek township that county in 1777, and in 1811 was elected sheriff of Schuylkill county, which was then cut off of Berks. John Green, his grandfother, Avas born in Or- wigsburg, then in Berks county, in 1800, and was recorder of deeds and al.so regis- ter of the county of Berks. His father, Albert G. Green, was born in Reading, where he still resides, and continues to practice law. Senator Green has been on the committees of Judiciary General, Special and Local, Municipal Affairs, Appropriations and Game and Fish. In 1891 he was the Democratic caucus nominee for President ^ro tempore of the Senate, and at Governor Pattison's last inauguration was the chairman of the committee of arrangements. Through his efforts enough money was secured from the state to complete the Reading Hospital and to add a new dormitory to the normal .school at Kutztown. He also secured the passage of the act to secure a separate orphans' court in Berks county, which has been in successful operation since the law went into effect, and engi- neered through both houses the new registration act. He was also on the con- - ference committee which put the finishing touches to what is known as the Baker ballot reform law. 21ie Senate. 15 A KTHUR DONALDSON MARKLEY, of the Twell'tli district, who is serv- ing the last half of his four-year term in the Senate from Montgomery county, was born in Columbia, Lancaster county, Pa., April 28, 1832. He was educated m the pul)lic schools and at Partridge's Military Academj'^ at Harrisburg, Pa. In 1857 he graduated in the medical department in the Universitj' of Penn- sylvania and practiced medicine at Mont- gomery Square, Pa., until 1861, when he entered his country's service as a sur- geon of the United States navy. On his return to his home he resumed the prac- tice of his profession until his election as member of the House in 1865, 1866 and 1867. Dr. Markley was very pop- ular with his fellow-Democrats in the House, and in 1867 was made the Dem- ocratic nominee for Speaker. In the Legislature of that session he served on the Committee on Historical Painting of the Battle of Gettysburg among other committees. He was collector of internal revenue in the Sixth district under President Johnson. During the tirst adminis- tration of President Cleveland he was postmaster at Hatboro', and has served as burgess of Hatboro' and in the councils of Norristown. He Avas elected to the Senate in 1890 by the unusually large majority of 1,184. He was nominated for Congress in 1886 in the Seventh district, but was unable to accept the honor. He was the first president and is now president of the Perkiomen railroad, a member of the American Academy of Political Science, of the [Historical Society of Pennsylvania, of the Historical Society of Montgomery county, of the Loyal Legion of the United States, a charter member of Lieutenant J. H. Fisher PostG. A. R., pastmasterof "VV. K. Broy lodge F. and A. M , Hutchinson commandery No. 52 A. A. S. R., Orient of Philadelphia, past officer of Hatboro' lodge A. O. U. W., and represents the same organization in the Masonic Home Societies at Philadeljihia. At the se.ssion of 1893 Dr. Markley served on the Com- mittees of Finance, Appropriations, Canals and Inland Navigation, Library, Mil- itary, Mines and Mining, Pensions and Gratuities, Vice and Immorality and Public Health and Sanitation. He introduced and pushed to the front the bill to place state lunatic hospitals in the control of the boards of trustees, which change he supported in an exhaustive speech on the floor of the Senate. He also intro- duced legislation to ensure the sale of pure milk, which was negatived by the Committee on Agriculture because of the opposition rai.sed against it by the milk dealers in the vicinity of Philadelphia. 16 T]te Senate. JOHN HERR LAXDIS, Senator from J the Thirteenth district, composed ot part of Lancaster, has just tnrned his fortieth year, liavingbeen born in Manor township, Lancaster county, on January 31, 1853. His father was a farmer and miller, and Tifter having received his education in the common schools and at the Millersville State Normal School, Mr. Landis took up the same occupa- tions, and, with the exception of the time spent in public and political work, has since pursued them. Trained from boyhood in Republican principles, he began to take part in his party's campaigns before his years had given him the right to vote, and he soon became active in its councils. His first appearance in state politics was in 1877, when he Avas a delegate to the Republi- can State Convention. In 1878 he was elected to the House of Representatives and his course was .so satisfactory to his constituents that he was returned in 1880 and 1882. His participation in legisla- tive affairs was active and influential and made its impress upon the laws of the state. The very important and necessary law regulating primary elections was introduced and passed to final passage by Mr. Landis. Between his retirement from the House in 1883, and his election to the Senate in 1892. Mr. Landis fol- lowed his avocation as farmer and miller, taking, however, an active part in local and state politics. In every presidential and gubernatorial campaign since he became a voter in 1874, he has been a prominent figure, and has addressed large numbers of meetings in advocacy of Republican principles and standard-bearers. Always a steadfast adherent of that matchless statesman, James G. Blaine, he edited, in 1884, a campaign paper called The. Plumed Kniyht, which did much to swell the phenomenal majority given that leader in Pennsylvania. And, as a fol- lower of Mr. Blaine, he was no less earnest in his advocacy of the system of polit- ical economy whose ablest defender was the man from Maine, and from 1890 until 1893 Mr. Landis was secretary of the Farmers' Protective Tariff" League of Penn- sylvania. He was president of the Agricultural Society of Lancaster from 1885 iintil 1893, and in the taking of the census of 1890 served as United States super- visor for the Second district, composed of the counties of Lancaster, Chester, Del- aware and York. Senator Landis is chairman of the Committee on Retrenchment and Reform, and secretary of Agriculture and Education. He is also a member of the Committees on Banks, Public Buildings and Compare bills. During the present .session he has introduced several important measures, among them those fixing the mini- mum school term at seven months, and defining and punishing bribery at elec- tions. He is a forcible debator and pleasing speaker and has rapidly taken rank among those Senators who more especially mould and influence legislation. The Senate. 17 W INFIELD SCOTT SMITH repre- sents the Fourteenth Senatorial district. He was born (and still resides) at Bainbridge, Lancaster county, No- vember 22, 1847. His father was the foreman of the Pennsylvania railroad in the vicinity of that town for years, and afterwards was elected sheriff of Lancas- ter county on the Kepublican ticket, fill- ing the office for three years, from 1863 to 1866, after which he retired to private life. He was prominently identified with l)olitics in his county for many years. His son, Winfield, in his early youth, was educated in the common schools, with which he severed his connection when Imt twelve years old. In 1860 he entered a store and has followed the mercantile business ever since in con- junction with serving as ticket and freight agent of the Pennsylvania rail- road at Bainbridge for twenty-six years. He has often been a delegate to the state conventions of his party and in 1884 was an alternate to the national convention which nominated James G. Blaine for President. He served two terms in the House, having been elected in 1886 and 1888. He has invariably been compelled to fight hard for the nomination, but when placed in the field polled a big vote. In 1886 he ran five hundred votes ahead of the late Senator Stehman, who at the the time ran for the higher branch of the Legislature. When nominated for the Senate in 1890 he had for his competitors ex-Representatives Kauffman and Stober, and the race was one of the closest in the history of Lancaster county politics, Mr. Smith pa.ssing under the wire a neck in front. He never had the support of the men who have controlled the Republican politics of the state and has always confined his camjiaign expenses within the requirements of the law. He has been on the Lancaster County Republican Committee for twelve years, and the member from the committee from his district has never been taken outside the family of wliich he was a member since the organization of the Repulican party, in 1856. Mr. Smith, at the session of 1893, was the secretary of the Committee on Appropriations, chairman of the Committee on Counties and County Seats, and a uTember of the Committee on Vice and Immorality and other committees. Among the bills he introduced was one for the establishment of experimental tobacco stations (afterward amended by him to make it general), and a bill to take from pipe line companies the right of eminent domain because of the abuse of the power in the counties through which their lines pass. 18 The Senate. SAMUEL J. M. McCARRELL, who represents the Fifteenth district, is a native of Washington county, having heen born in Buffalo township, that county. He is the eldest son of the Rev. Alexander McCarrell, D. D., a prominent Presbyterian clergj'iuan, late of Claysville, Washington county. AVhen jMr. McCarrell was a lad he attended the common schools of his native home during the winter sessions and during the summer seasons he worked on a farm. He was energetic and a great lover of books, and after he had laid the foundation of his early education he entered the store of his uncle at Clays- ville as a clerk, and while so engaged prepared himself, under the instruct- ions of his father, for college. In 1860 he entered Washington College and four years later he was graduated, taking at the time the first honor of his class. From September, 1864, to June, 1805, Mr. McCarrell was assistant principal of the Linsley Institute at Wheeling, West Virginia, and during this time began the study of law with Mr. McKennan, of the firm of Richardson & McKennan, Wheeling, West Virginia, but before he had finished his law course he removed to Harrisburg, Pa., in 1865, where he entered the law office of the Hon. David Fleming, completed his studies and was admitted to practice before the Dauphin county courts in 1866. He then became the assistant and law partner of Mr. Fleming, and remained as such up to the time of Mr. Fleming's death in 1890. Mr. McCarrell was twice elected to the office of district attorney for Dauphin county, from 1881 to 1887. He has, since his residence in Harrisburg, been very closely identified with the many charitable institutions of the state capital city, and in church work has always taken a great interest. He is a Republican and in all the campaigns of his party, local, state or national, he has been in demand, because he has been recognized as a forcible and eloquent speaker. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1888, which nominated General Harrison for the Presidency of the United States. In the fall election of 1892 Mr. McCarrell was elect€d State Senator to represent the Fifteenth Senatorial district, Dauphin county, by a large majority. In the nominations and elections for the several political offices which Mr. McCar- rell has held, it is a fact worthy of mention that at all of them he was tendered the nominations by acclamation and elected by more than the normal party majority. Senator McCarrell has displayed great interest in important legislation, is a good debater and very popular with his fellow Senators. He is chairman of Constitu- tional Reform Committee and a member of the Committee on Insurance, Judiciary, General, Judiciary Special, Legislative Apportionment, Libraiy and Railroads. Mr. McCarrell follows his profession in Harrisburg, and has a large clientage and a lucrative practice. The Senate. 19 M' ILTON CHRISTIAN HENNING- ER, who is serving his third term as a member of the Senate from Lehigh count}', was boru April 21, 1851, in l'|)])er Mil ford townslii]), Lehigh county,' about a mile from Eniaus postoffice. His father was a hard-workiug black- smith. The younger Henniuger was given the best education attainable and attended the common schools of his native township and the private schools at Emaus from 1857 to 1866, the Free- land Seminary (now Ursinus College) at Collegeville, Montgoraei-y county, in 1867, and the Keystone State Normal School at Kutztown, Berks county, from 1868 to 1869. He graduated from the latter institution in 1869, and in 1873 entered Muhlenberg College, junior class, and graduated in 1874. He taught school in 1868, 1869 and 1870 during the winter months and was tutor at Muhlenberg College after his graduation for one year. He was admitted to the bar of Lehigh county in 1876 and has practiced the profession of his choice in that county ever since he became a lawyer. He was elected district attorney at the fall election in 1877 and Served one term of three years. He was tirst elected to the Senate from Lehigli county in 1882 and has twice been honored with re-election, a political distinction enjoyed by few people in the rural districts of the state. In 1890 he was chosen Senator for a term of four years by a majority of 2,730, showing that Senator Henniuger's pox)ularity has an upward tendency among his constituents. In the Democratic State Con- vention of 1882, which nominated Robert E. Patti.son for Governor of Pennsyl- vania, Mr. Henninger cast his tirst vote for Eckley B. Coxe, and then suj)ported the successful candidate. He is on the Appropriation, Legislative Apportionment and Judiciary Local Committees and has introduced bills to enforce section tour, article seventeen of the constitution, forbidding the consolidation of competing lines of railroads and canals; to enforce the tiftli section of the same article, prohibiting common carriers from engaging in mining or manufacturing enterprises, and to divert the money derived from wholesale liquor licenses from the state into the local treasuries where licensed places are located. Mr. Henninger is one of the most cogent rea.soners in the Senate and commands close attention when he dis- cusses any subject of importance. 20 The Senate. JOHN PETER 8HINDEL GOBIN, J President pro tempore of the Sen- ate, representing the Lebanon (the Seventeenth) Senatorial district, was born at Sunbury, January 26, 1837, Samuel Gobin, father of the General, was the best wagon builder in Sunbury. The General's mother, Susan Shindel, was the daughter of Kev. John Peter Shindel, a noted Lutheran divine of Sunbury. There he attended public school, ex-State Senator S. K. Peale having been his last preceptor. He learned the printer's trade in the office of the Sunbury American and then trudged to Philadelphia, where he \. ^'^fB^L """IrnKKIK^^^^^^M started the Star of Youth, an organ of l^l^V^^^Spi^^^^^^^^^^ the Junior Sons of America. The ven- ^Sr^^^^ ^I^^H^R ture being meteoric he trudged back to Sunbury, taught school, studied law with General John K. Clement and M. L. Shindel, and was admitted to the bar in 1859. As first lieutenant of company F, Eleventh Pennsylvania volunteers, he went into the civil war at its outbreak. He became captain of company C, Forty -seventh Pennsylvania, and was judge advocate general of the Department of the South. He was promoted to major for gallantry and efficiency at the battles of Sabine Cross Roads and Pleasant Hill. In July, 1864, his regiment was with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, and, as a full-fledged colonel, young Gobin commanded the gallant Fortj^-seventh at Cedar Creek. During a portion of this battle lie commanded the entire brigade. He served throughout the war, was brevetted brigadier general and appointed provost judge at Charleston. He declined the United States district judgeship for the southern district of Florida, tendered him by General Grant. Ever since then he has resided in Lebanon, where he is at the head of the bar. He assisted in or- ganizing the Grand Army of the Republic, and in 1886 was elected Grand Com- mander. As delegate, orator or officer of " the boys " he has ever been admired und beloved. He has served as trustee of the Soldiers and Sailors' Home at Erie, a commissioner of the Soldiers' Orphans Schools, and a commissioner of the Gettyslnirg Monument Association. At the transfer'of the Pennsylvania monu- ments at Gettysburg to the Governor, General Gobin delivered the oration. He is an active member of the Loyal Legion and the Sous of the Revolution. In 1879 he became Grand Commander of the Knights Templars of Pennsylvania ; in 1880, Grand Captain General of the Grand Encampment of the United States ; in 1883, Grand Generalissimo ; in 1886, Deputy Grand Commander, and at the Washing- ton Conclave, Grand Master of the United States. In Odd Fellowship he is a Past Grand Patriarch of the Stale. He has always been a staunch Republican, and cast his first ballot for Lincoln. He has been a State Senator continuously since 1884, serving on the Judiciary General, Military, the Elections, Appropriations and other important committees. He has never worn any master's collar. In 1871 he recruited the Coleman Guards at Lebanon. In 1874 he was elected Colonel of "the dandy I^ighth " National Guard. On June 1, 1885, Governor Patti.son appointed him Brigadier General of the Third Brigade, which position he yet fills. He originated the massing and encampment of state troops at Mt. Gretna in 1885. From comparative obscurity he has risen to eminence and honor as citizen, soldier and statesman. The Senate. 21 EDWARD H. LAUBACH, who rep- resents the Eighteenth district, was born .September 1, 1852, in wliat is now the town of Northampton, North- ampton county, Pa. He is a descendant of (ierman ancestry, the first of that name in this country, Christian Laubach, leaving the palatinate of Germany, embarking on the • ship Queen Eliz- abeth at Kotterdam and landing at Philadelphia September 16, 1738. He settled in what is now Saucon township on lands of the Penn heirs. The family has since become numerous and occupy a prominent place in the political, busi- ness and i)rolessional circles of North- ampton and adjoining counties. Sen- ator Laubach, after receiving such edu- cation as the common schools then af- forded, attended the Allentown Sem- inary and Military Institute (now Muh- lenberg College) from 1862 to 1864. He attended Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa., during the years 1867, 1868 and 1869. The death of his father, who was extensively engaged in mercantile and milling business, and the reluctance ol the appointed executors to assume the management thereof, compelled him to re- linquish further pursuits of his studies and devote his energies to the development of the estate. Besides giving close attention to the welfare of the estate, he is con- nected with a number of corporate interests in the capacity of manager or officer. "With the exception of director of schools in his native toAvnship. he never held any political office until elected, in November, 1890, to represent the Eighteenth dis- trict, composed of the county of Northampton, in the Pennsylvania Senate. "While not holding office other than the al)Ove mentioned, he has given years of service to his party, being just of age when elected a member of the Northamp- ton Democratic county committee, which place he has held continuously since, with the exception of two years. He has lieen a member of the Democratic State Committee many years and often been delegate to state conventions, in which has several times been chairman of committees. He is at present, and has been several years, chairman of the Democratic County Committee of his county. Was elected to the Senate in 1889 by nearly 4,000 majority. During the session of 1893 he was placed upon the following committees : Railroads, Education, Insurance, Congressional Apportionment, etc. Among the bills presented by him during the present session are : Granting electric railways the right to carry merchandise ; amending the marriage license laws so as to permit licenses to be granted in the county in Avhich either of the ccmtracting parties ma^' reside ; preventing fraudulent practices by corporations relative to issues of stock and the furnishing of supplies ; granting railways, other than steam, the power'and privilege of steam railway companies, and to facilitate travel on street railways by permitting cars running upon one railwaj' to be run upon and over the tracks of other railways. 92 The Senate. WILLIAM PKESTON SNYDER, of the Nineteeuth district, is a na- tive of Chester county. He was born in East Vincent township October 7, 1851, and received his education in the com- mon schools of his native township and liis early training on a farm. Later in life he attended the Millersville State Normal School and LTrsinns College. He taught school during the winters of 1868 and 1869. After a course of study he graduated as a physician, in March, 1873, from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania. He returned to Chester county (SpringCity), where he now resides, and began the practice of medicine and continued as a practitioner until 1886, when he accepted the position of medical examiner for the Relief Department of the Pennsylvania Kailrad Company, which j)osition he held for nearly two years, from February, 1886, until December, 1887. He was appointed and served as postmaster of Spring City from October, 1883, until August, 1885. He has always taken a lively interest in the politics of his party, the Republican, and was an active worker in all of its campaigns. In November, 1887, he was nominated for prothonotary of his county, was elected by a large majority and served in that office until January, 1891. The year preceding his relinquishment of the office he was made the chairman of the County Republican Committee, January, 1890. At the count}- primaries (in the fall, 1890, while .serv- ing as prothonotary), he was nominated for member of the lower house of the Leg- islature and was elected at the fall election, during the Delamater campaign. When nominated he resigned the office of chairman of the county committee but gave his full attention to the work of the campaign. He was a delegate from Chester corxuty to the Reijublican State Convention in 1878, which nominated General Henry M. Hoj't for Governor of the state, and he was also a delegate to the state convention that nominated General James A. Beaver for Governor in 1882. Mr. Snyder, when a member of the House of Representatives, was assigned to membership on Committees of Congressional Apportionment, Library, Public Buildings, Municipal Corporations and to Counties and Townships. At the gen- eral election in the fall of 1892, Mr. Snyder was promoted to the higher branch of the I.,egislature after a very warm contest for the nomination. In the session of the Legislature of 1893 Senator Snyder was appointed chairman of the Committee ' on Health and Sanitation, and a member of the Committees on Agriculture, Con- gressional Apportionment, Insurance and Finance. The Senate. 23 M iCHAEL E. Mcdonald, the from the Twentieth district, was born at Hawlev, Wayne county, September 26, 1858. In 1863 he removed to Dnumore, Lackawanna county, where he has since resided. Senator McDonald was edu- cated in the common schools of Lack- awanna county and at Wyoming Semi- nary, Luzerne county. He read law with Hon. Lemuel Amerman, of. Scranton, and was admitted to the Lackawanna county bar in October, 1883, and has since been engaged in the successful practice of his profes- sion. Mr. McDonald is a Democrat of the sterling kind, and has alwaN's taken an active interest in politics, with an eye single to the right of the people. He has served creditably as auditor, school director and borough solicitor, and was a member of the House of Representatives during the sessions of 1887 and 1889. representing his district both when it was the Fourth and Eighth of Lacka- awanna county. Mr. McDonald's course as a legislator so pleased his constituents that they, in November, 1890, honored him by sending him to the Senate, and his popularity with his people is shown by the fact that he is the first Democrat to hold the position since the Senatorial district was created in 1873. As a Senator, Mr. McDonald has always shown the industry and perseverance that have done so much to secure for him the confidence of those whom he has represented in any capacity. Much of his attention has been given to municipal and mining legisla- tion, and of the latter he pays particular attention to that aft'ecting the anthracite regions. When anything concerning the miners is up before the Senate, Mr. McDonald always takes a prominent part in the discussion, and his vote is always cast for measures looking to the betterment of the miners' condition. Regarding municipal legislation. Senator McDonald believes in giving cities the largest amount of latitude consistent with the rights of the people and the state at large. Legislation that aifects his home district receives special attention from Senator McDonald, and his vote on such legislation is recorded every time for the benefit of his community. Borough legislation is also watched closely l)y the Senator, and he loses no opportunity to go on record on the right side. Mr. McDonald is OQ some of the most important of the Senate committees — the Judiciary General, Mines and Mining, Appropriations and Corporations. He is popular with his associates, [and when he puts a request before the Senate as a " personal favor, " it is always granted]. Senator McDonald recently joined the Noble Order of Bene- dicts. 24 llie Se7iate. pLARENCE W. KLINE, who repre- v^ sents the Twentj'-first district, was born near Jerse3'town, Columbia county, Pa., on October 25, 1852. He is de- scended from Daniel Kline, who emi- grated from Germany to America and settled at Germautown, Pa., in 1741. His son was a soldier in the revolution. The grandfather of the Senator served in the war of 1812, and his father went out with the Columbia Guards in the Mexican war as a sergeant and returned as first lieutenant and brevet captain. Senator Kline was educated in the com- mon schools of Lancaster county. At the early age of fourteen j'ears he re- turned to his native county and applied for a school in Anthony township, Mon- tour county. He passed a successful examination and was appointed to teach the Derry school. In 1869 he went to Luzerne county and two years later was appointed principal of the Jeanesville school and began to read law. He was admitted to the bar and began the practice of law at Hazleton June 1, 1877, and has been practicing there since. Has been delegate to Kepublican state conventions in 1876 and 1878. Has been member of school board and town council of Hazleton and has frequently been chairman and secretary of the Fourth legislative district committee of Luzerne countj'. He was nominated by the Republicans of the Twenty-first Senatorial district, his opponent being J. Ridgway Wright, of Wilkesbarre, a popular Democrat, and while Grover Cleveland carried this Senatorial district by over 1,500 majority, Mr. Kline was elected by a majority of 67. Mr. Kline is chairman of Public Printing Committee and member of the Committees on Judiciary General, Judiciary Local, Legislative Apportionment, New Counties and Compare bills. He has introduced bills pro- viding for the inspection of inland steamboats ; for the erection of new counties out of two old counties ; for county controllers in counties containing over 135,000 population ; limiting indictments in criminal prosecutions ; amending county officers' salaries] in counties containing over 150,000 population : for payment ot fees to district attorneys ; for the burial of indigent persons and payment by county, and other important measures. The Senate. 25 WILLIAM M. RAPSHER, who rep- resents the Tweuty-second Sena- torial district, consisting of Carbon, Monroe and Pike counties. Avas born in Northampton county, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1843. His father was a laborer and resided in Carbon county at the date of his death, when the sub- ject of this sketch was nine years of age. The early education of Mr. Rap- sher was obtained in the common schools of his native county and later at Albion College. Michigan, but before he had completed his studies the war lor the suppression of the rebellion broke out, and at the age of eighteen years young Rapsher enlisted in com- pany E, Sixth regiment Michigan vol- unteers, for three years, as a private, and participated with his regiment in all of the principal battles of the army of the Department of the Gulf. At the expiration of his term of enlistment, and while still in the field at Port Hudson, Louisania, he re-enlisted and served for one 3'ear and four months longer, or until the close of the war. After the war Mr. Rapsher returned to his native state and engaged in the calling of school teacher, and taught in the public schools of Carbon county for four years and meanwhile studied law with the law firm of Messrs. Albright & Bertolette at Mauch Chunk, Carbon county, Avhere he had concluded to reside. In 1871, having completed his law studies, he was admitted to practice before the Carbon county courts and at once acquired a lucrative jiractice. Mr. Rapsher has, since attaining his majority, taken great interest in politics, and has at difterent times served his party in the positions of school director and councilman, and was elected district attornej' of Carbon county in 1886. In 1877 he was elected and served as one of the repre- sentatives from Carbon county in the lower house of the Legislature. He subse- quently resumed his i^ractice of the law in his adopted county, and in 1887, in the Democratic State Convention of that year, was strongly urged for a place on the State Supreme Court bench. Mr. Rapsher has decided literary tastes and is a writer of much force. He contributes frequently to the columns of the Xorth American Bcview and many other of the standard monthlies of the day, and his articles on the legal, political and social questions of the hour are readable and instructive. In the fall election of 1890 Mr. Rapsher was elected Senator, and is serving the last two years of his four years' term. Senator Rapsher does not generally take much part in discussion in the Senate, but when occasion demands shows himself to be a ready and convincing debater. He took a jjrominent part in sustaining the Governor in the extraordinary session of the Senate convened in October, 1891. On committee work he has been assigned to the Elections, Judi- cial Apportionment, Legislative Apportionment, Judiciary Local, Judiciary Special, Public Printing and Retrenchment and Reform committees. 26 The Senate. B' fEXJAMIXB. MITCHELL was born on a farm in Tioga county, Pa., January 14. 1839. He i.s of Scotch-Irisli descent, and a son of Kichard Mitchell, who Avas among the first settlers of Tioga county. He Avas educated in the schools of his county, Lewisburg Uni- versity and Bryant and Stratton's Busi- ness College, Buflfiilo, N. Y. In 1860 he established a drug and book store in Troy, Pa., and though a stranger and without any practical experience, suc- ceeded in building up a prosperous busi- ness. In August, 1861, he helped recruit and organize the first cavalry company in the county, Avas chosen first lieuten- ant and with his company joined the Eleventh Peunsj'lvania cavalry. In 186*2 Lieutenant ]\litchell was promoted to captain and took an active part in the campaigns and battles of the Avar until October, 1864, when he Avas offered a major's commission, but having already served over three years for Avhich he enlisted and being broken in health, he de- clined further promotion, left the service and returned to Troy, and as soon as his health permitted resumed mercantile business. On May 29, 1865, he married Ellen E. Pomeroy, only daughter of Samuel W. Pomeroy, of TroA% In 1884, Avith others, he engaged in the live stock business in South Dakota and later the com- pany was incorporated as the Keystone Land and Cattle Company. Captain Mitchell Avas chosen secreterj' and treasurer of the company and has continued to look after their large business interests, both at home and in the west, to the present time. His principal business in the future, hoAA-cAer, Avill be that of a banker, having associated with Mr. S. AY. Pomeroy under the firm name of Pomeroy & Mitchell, successors to the old and reliable banking house of Pomeroy Bros. For many j^ears he has taken an active interest in politics and public mat- ters generally. He has served as justice of the peace at Troy by appointment and by election. He has been a member of the borough coimcil, clerk of the borough and an active member for many years of the board of education of which he is now secretary. He Avas a member of the House from 1882 to 1884, and elected to State Senate November, 1892. Senator Mitchell is a member of the following committees : Agriculture, Banks, Congressional Apportionment, Education, F^i- nance, Insurance, Mines and Mining (chairman), Pensions and Gratuities. The iSeuate. 27 G' KANTHEKKIXG was born May 19. 1H62, at Centreville, Columbia county, Pa. His parents moved to Shenandoah, Schuylkill county, in 1864, where his I'atlier, Grorge A. Herring, was engaged as a coal operator. He afterwards served as treasurer of Schuyl- kill county for one term. In 1876 he mo^'ed to Bloomsburg and filled the position of treasurer of Columbia county for one term, from 1887 to 1890. Sena- tor Herring attended the public schools at Shenandoah and afterwards prepared for college at the Bloomsburg State Nor- mal School. He entered Lafayette Col- lege at Ea.ston, Pa., in the classical cour.se, September, 1879, and graduated June, 1883. He took the first prize in the junior oratorical contest in his junior 3'ear, 1882. After leaving college he began the study of law, and was ad- mitted to practice in the courts of Columbia county, February 2, 1885, and has since been engaged in active i)ractice of his profe.ssion. He was elected to the Senate of Pennsylvania. November, 1890, by 5,600 majority, in the Twenty-fourth district, composed of the counties of Columbia, Lycoming, Sullivan and Montour. At the extra session, in 1891, he was made chairman of the committee to confer with counsel for State Treasurer Boyer aud Auditor General McCamant as to the proofs, admissions, etc., relating to that investigation, being the first Democratic chairman of a committee in that body for many j'ears. This appointment was a great compliment to Mr. Herring, as he was the youngest member in the Senate. At the Democratic State Convention, which met at Harri.sburg in 1892, he was elected a delegate-at-large to the Chicago Democratic Convention, aud there offered a resolution instructing the chairman of the Pennsylvania delegation to cast its vote as a unit for Grover Cleveland, so long as he might remain in the field.' At the session of 1893 he served on the following committees : Judicial Ap- portionment, Federal Relations, Judiciary General, Judiciary Speciail, Mines and Mining and Railroads. He was particularly Interested in a bill which he intro- duced seeking to place Pennsylvania in line with nearly all the states in the Union as to the closing of the polls. It provided that the voting should cease at 4 p. m. The Committee on Elections had the bill in its possession for u long time without taking any action on the proposed legislation, and finally reported it with negative recommendation. Senator Herring then moved to place the bill on the calendar, but his proposition was defeated, although several Republican Senators voted with him because they thought he was entitled to have the measure con- sidered on its merits bv the Senate. 28 The Senate. ANTHONY F. BANNON, who repre- sents the Twenty-lifth district, was born at Blossburg, Tioga county, on October 13, 1847. His lather, a coal miner, came from Ireland at the age of nine years. He was the only son of Anthony Bannon, a well-to-do farmer. His wife was the daughter of William Lonergan, a merchant, who emigrated from Ireland in 1836. Senator Bannon, the subject of this sketch, was educated in night schools and has been occupied in coal mining, farming, as a brakeman, clerk, merchant, coal dealer and oil producer. In the political field he was a member of the council of Blossburg in 1875 and of the council of Kendall Creek, McKeau county, in 1880. He was elected coroner of McKean county in 1880, chairman of the Republican County Committee in 1883, sheriff in 1884, delegate to the Republican State Convention in 1885, a congressional con- feree in 1888 and 1890, the nominee of McKean county for Senator in 1888, reading clerk of the session of the State Senate in 1889 and journal clerk at the session of 1891, and elected Senator in 1892. He was a menioer of the Senate Committees on Accounts (chairman). Appropriation, Judicial Apportionment, Public Printing and Constitutional Reform. He introduced at this session the judicial apportion- ment bill; an act to repeal the assessment act of 1891 ; to amend the act relating to compensation of sheriffs for boarding prisoners; increasing the number of mine inspectors' reports ; extending to cities of the third class the right to establish in schools mechanical arts and kindred subjects. Mr. Bannon was born a Republi- ,can. His first vote was cast for W. H. Armstrong for Congress on the day he was twenty-one, October 13, 1868, and the following month voted for General Grant for President. He has been what is called a working Republican, always ready to give his time and means to the success of the ticket and every name on it, and his Republican constituents have shown their appreciation of his fidelity by repeatedly honoring him with responsible positions, which he filled with ability and to the satisfaction of his people. Tlte Sertdtr. 29 \ AMES ROONEY, although a Demo- crat of the strictest kind, represents the Tweutj-sixth district, composed of tlie strong Republican county of Susque- hanna and the close Democratic county of Wayne. He was born in Auburn township, Susquehanna county, Sep- tember 16, 1851, and was educated in the public schools. He has devoted a large part of his life to farming, and for the past twelve years has been engaged in the wholesale baled hay trade. He has always exhibited great running qualities when nominated for office. Auburn, where he resides, consists of three election districts, which are all largely Republican, but as a candidate for poor director in these districts and four heavy Republican townships, he received at least 400 Repul)lican votes and was elected to the office by an over- whelming majority. He held this position for three years. In 1890 he Avas elected to the State Senate by a majority of 522 votes, in a district which in presidential years casts a Republican majority of over 1,500. In that campaign he had for his opponent ex-Senator Lines, who had served in the Senate at the previous session. Mr. Rooney was one of the delegates to the Democratic State Convention from Sus- ■quehanna county which nominnted for the supreme bench Judge McCollum, who was elevated to membership in this tribunal on account of the death of Judge Trunkey after Judge McCollum's nomination, necessitating the election of two judges. Mr. Rooney attended this convention at the personal request of his suc- ■cessful friend. During the session of 1893 Senator Roone\' introduced a bill look- ing to the making and repairing of roads in townships and providing for the elec- tion of road commissioners and the appointment by them of roadmasters and the building of roads by contract ; to prohibit constables from making returns to court unless they found violation of the law, and to repeal the registry act of 1891, which reqviired two lists of voters to be prepared each year and conset[uentl3^ en- tails a large expense on the several counties without accomplishing any apparent beneficial results. 30 T]ie Senate. WILLIAM HOOD HACKENBUKG, ot Milton, Northuiubedand county, who represents the Twenty-seventh district, was born May 14. 1859, and was educated in the public schools. He learned the printer's trade and afterwards began the study of the law, being admitted to the bar of North- umberland county in Februrary, 1881. He was a justice of the peace at Milton from May 1, 1881, to September 18, 1884, when he resigned. During the years 1884 and 1885 he was chief burgess of the borough of Milton. Mr. Hackenburg was a delegate to the State Republican Convention of 1886, by which General Beaver was nominated for Governor, and of the convention that four years later nominated ex-Senator Delamater for the same honor. lu 1891 he was a candidate for the Republican uomination for president judge of Northumberland county, and went into the con- vention with more than one-third of the delegates, made a hard light and was de- feated by a narrow majority. He was elected a member of the Senate in 1892, defeating his Democratic opponent, Harry E. Davis, by 638 votes. Recognizing his ability as a lawyer. President pro lempore Gobiu, at the inau- guration of Senate appointed Mr. Hackenburg chairman of the Committee on Ju- dicial Apportionment, a position he is thoroughly competent to till. He is also a member of the Committees on Judiciary General, Railroad, Mines and Mining, Judiciary Local and Library. Among the most important bills introduced by i\Ir. Hackenburg are the following : Giving chief burgesses the veto power and providing for organization of councils ; taking the granting of liquor licenses out of the hands of the court, dividing the state into license districts and providing for a license board equally divided, politically, to grant licenses. He is an eloquent and logical talker, a ready debater and a lawyer of great promise. Mr. Hackenburg takes a prominent part in the councils of his party in the Senatorial district which he has the honor to represent, and is destined to become one of the most conspicuous party leaders in the Senate. Tilt Senate. 31 GERARD C. BROWN, who represents the Twenty-eighth district, or York county, is of Puritan, colonial and revo- lutionary stock and is a direct descend- ant in the seventh generation from Thomas Brown. Esq., of Rye, county of Essex, England, who emigrated to Con- cord, Mass., in 1(532. The family is a younger brancli of the Browns, of Beech- worth, county of Kent, England, which was founded by Sir Anthony Brown, created Knight of the Bath at the corona- tion of Richard II. in 1377. Senator Brown's great-great-grandfother, JNIajor Hachaliah Brown, commanded the AVest- chester levies in the French and Indian war of 1757-8, at the siege of Lewis- burg, under General Lord Amherst. His great-grandfather, second son of Major Brown, served under Washington in tlie revolution. His father, Benjamin F. Brown, was boru in Soniers, New York, January 11, 1799, and spent twenty-live years of his life in traveling. In 1841 he married Mary Sophia, daughter of Alfred Cops, of the Tower of London, where, on November 12, 1842, his eldest child, Gerard Crane Brown, was born. In August, 1845, he returned to the United States with his family and re-occupied his farm in C'armel, Putnam county, New York, where he died Septemljer 25, 1881. Senator Brown received his education at the North Salem Academy, Westchester county, N. Y., Phillip's Academy, Andover, Mass., class of 1859, and Yale College, class of 1863. He left Yale Col- lege when eighteen years old, on the day ft)lIowing the bombardment of Fort Sumpter, and began raising a company on April 15, 1861, before Lincoln had issued his call for 7."),000 volunteers. Senator Brown served as first lieutenant and was wounded at Bull Run July 21 and honorably discharged September 20. 1861. On February 8, 1872, Mr. Brown was married to Caroline Victoria, daughter of Dr. J. W. Barcroft, of Fairfax county, Virginia. He has five children, Benjamin and Gerard, and Mary B. B., Eva W. and Carolene. He has followed farming since the close of the war. He has been deputy of the state grange for York county for seventeen years, lecturer of the Pennsylvania State Grange from 1886 to 1890 and a member of the legislative committee of the Grange from 1890 to 1893. He was first elected State Senator in 1886, re-nominated by acclamation and re-elected in 1890. He did active work as a speaker during the recent presiden- tial campaign in West Virginia, New Jersey, New York and Connecticut. In the Legislature of 1893 he served on the Committees of Agriculture, Finance, Game and Fish, Insurance and Library. He was the Democratic caucus nominee f.ir President pro tempore. Among the bills he introduced were those to enforce the anti-oleomargarine law of 1885 ; to create a dairy and food commi.ssioner ; to en- large the powers of the State Board of Agriculture ; to enforce article .seventeen of the constitution ; to legalize eel weirs and to equalize taxation. 82 The Senate. T UTHER RILEY KEEPER, of the A-' Twenty-ninth district, who is now (1893) serving his fifth term as a State Senator, was born March 5, 1834, at Harrisburg. His father, Andrew Keefer, a descendant of the French Huguenots, was a cabinetmaker and merchant at Harrisburg until 1847 when he moved to Schuylkill Haven. He attended the public schools of his native city, and in his new home after removing to Schuylkill Haven he was admitted into the higher classes of the public schools of that place. He pursued an academic course in a private school at Schuylkill Haven after he had completed the course at that time taught in the public schools. In 1849 he was apprenticed to learn the trade of foundryman at the Colebrook- dale iron works, in Berks county, of which W. W. Weaver was proprietor. After an apprenticeship of four years Mr. Keefer, in 1853, returned to his home and soon afterwards established a foundry and machine shop, with his brother, John B., at West Haven, now Cressona, Schuylkill county. Pa., and carried on this business very successfully until 1875 when he withdrew from active manufac- turing business. From his earliest manhood Mr. Keefer was an enterprising and progressive citizen and his neighbors held him in the highest esteem. He was called upon to serve the community in which he Vesided in various capacities and was in turn elected a member of councils, burgess and school director. When the war broke out, though Mr. Keefer's business was such as to require his personal attention, but he arranged it so that in 1862 he could enter the service of the gov- ernment and during that and the following year he was enrolling office for the United States government in his district. When the rebel forces invaded Penn- sylvania in 1863 he enlisted for the emergency campaign, in company A, Twenty- seventh regiment Pennsylvania volunteers. Was afterwards appointed Deputy United States Marshal for the Fourteenth sub-district of Pennsylvania. Mr. Keefer is not an orator in the common acceptation of the term, though he is one of the most industrious and successful legislators in the body of which lie is a mem- ber, and has served on the Senate Committee on Railroads as its chairman for twelve years. He is at present on the Committees of Finance, Appropriations, Pensions and Gratuities, Corporations, Apportionment, Mines and Mining and Elections. In 1880 he served on the special committee to examine into the alleged misappropriation of money by the State Treasurer, and in 1888 was on the special committee to draft a general revenue bill, and also during the session of 1889 was a member of the special elections committee of the Senate to determine the election contest in the Third Senatorial district, Philadelphia, in the case of Osbourn r. Devlin. Senator Keefer is a genial companion and very popular. He is a member of the board of trustees of Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, a member of the board of trustees at the Kutztown Normal School and takes great interest in educational affairs. Tlie Senate. 33 BERNARD J. MOXAGHAN, who represents the Thirtieth district, was born at Ashland, Schuylkill county, March 31, 1861. lie attended the schools of his native town and Shenan- doah and subsequently Villanova Col- lege, Delaware county, and Bryant & Stratton's Business College, Philadel- phia. From the three last-named in- stitutions he graduated. In 1877, when he was sixteen j'ears old, he entered the mercantile business under the firm name of John B. Mouaghan »& Sons, and has re- mained in it ever since. He is also the senior member of the firm of Monaghan Brothers & Co., which is engaged in the grain, coal and lumber business at Hawarden, Iowa. Senator Monaghan's parents were born in Ireland, but they came to this country when very young, the father being only five and the mother only two years of age. He never held any other office but Senator, and had for his opponent for the nomination in 1890, when he was made the Demo- cratic candidate for the position he holds, ex-Senator Watson, a relative by mar- riage. His opponent, in the fight for election, was a cousin of Mr. Monaghan. His district takes in the northern portion of Schuylkill county. At the session of 1893 he served on the Committees of Municipal Affairs, Insurance, Elections and Centennial Affairs. He introduced among other bills one to provide that life in- surance companies shall not be permitted to issue their policies or contracts of insurance in this state unless they shall clearly set forth upon the policies a true and correct copy of the representations made by their agents or proper officials to the insured at the time of the signing of the application. 34 The Senate. ] OSEPH MILLIKEN WOODS is the J only man who has been re-elected Senator from the Thirty-first district, composed of Perry, Juniata and Mifflin counties. He -was born'on January'5, 1854, at New Berlin, Union county, Pa. His father was an attorney -at-law, and the Senator's paternal grandmother was the youngest daughter of John Witherspoon, a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence. The Senator at- tended school in Lewistown, Pa., until 1870, and then spent three years as a student in the Bellefonte Academy. In 1873 he entered Princeton College, from which he graduated in 1876. He has been practicing as an attorney-at-law at Lewistown, since 1878. He was elected district attorney of Mifflin county in 1880, and in 1888 he was chosen State Senator, defeating George Jacobs, the Democratic candidate, who, in 1890, made the speech nominating William A. Wallace for Governor at the Scranton Convention, which made Robert E. Pattison the Democratic gubernatorial nominee. Mr. Woods was re-elected to the Senate by 296 majority in 1892, Avhen his Democratic opponent was Joseph C. McAlister, whom Perry county elected district attorney. Mr. Woods was a dele- gate from the Thirty-first Senatorial district in the Republican State Convention of 1883. He is chairman of the Senate Committees on Judiciary Local and Game and Fish, and also a member of the Committees on Appropriations, Centennial Affairs, Judiciary General, Federal Relations, Canals and Inland Navigation, and New Counties and County Seats. Among the important bills which he intro- duced at the sessions of 1893 are those to reimburse to counties money expended to re-erect the bridges destroyed by the floods of 1889 ; to extend the limitation of action to the right to mine iron ore ; and to prevent deception and fraud by owners or agents controlling any stallion left for service. Among the societies to which Senator Woods belongs are the Odd Fellows, the Apprentices' Literary Society of Lewistown, and the Patriotic Order Sons of America. He is an athlete and was formerly an expert baseball player. He has been conspicuous in securing legislation beneficial to the fish and game interests of the state. The Senate. 35 WILLIAM PENN LLOYD, of the Thirty-second district, was born in Lisburn, Cumberland county. Pa., Sep- tember 1, 1837. His father was Wil- liam Lloyd and his mother Amanda Anderson Lloyd. His ancestors, on his father's side, were Welsh Quakers, or Friends, and came to this country in 1682, a few months prior to the arrival of William Penn, and settled on the "Welsh Tract" in Delaware county. About the close of the war for Indepen- dence, his grandfather, Isaac Lloyd, re- moved to Cumberland county. On his maternal side he is of .Scotch -Irish ex- traction, and ti'aces his lineage back to those sturdy pioneers Avho, pushing westward from Chester county, estab- lished the first permanent settlement west of the Susquehanna river about the year 1720. Three of his great uncles, John, James and George Anderson, served in the Continental army during the Revolutionary war, and their father, George Anderson, was a lieutenant in Colonel William Moore's Chester county regiment during the Braddock campaign of 1755. Mr. Lloyd spent his youth on a farm, received his education in public and private schools, and taught in the former for eight terms. He enlisted as a private in the First Peunsj'lvania cavalry September 1, 1861, and was discharged as adjutant, with his regiment, September 9, 1864, serving frequently, during the last year, as adjutant general of a brigade. He participated in all the campaigns, and in a large number of the battles of the Army of the Potomac during this period ; was commissioned division inspector of the National Guard of Pennsyl- vania with the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1873 ; was commander of the Grand Army Post of Mechauicsburg for seven years and is the author of the history of the First Pennsylvania cavalry. He studied law with Colonel William M. Penrose, of Carlisle, and was admitted to the Cumberland county bar in 1865. In 1866 he was appointed United States Collector of Internal Revenue for the Fifteenth Con- gressional district of Pennsylvania. This office he resigned in 1869 to accept a position in the Dauphin Deposit Bank of Harrisburg, which he held for nearly fif- teen years. He quit the bank in 1884 and has been engaged in the practice of his profession in Mechauicsburg and in the management of extensive financial and agricultural interests since that date. The only elective jwlitical office for which he has ever been a candidate was his present position as Senator. His majority over his Republican competitor was 3,143. The usual Democratic majority in his district is about 1,200. He is a member of the Judiciary General, Corporations, Finance, Military Affairs, Pensions and Gratuities, Centennial Affairs and Agri- cultural Committees, and has been prominently identified, while in the Senate, with the legislation on the subjects of public roads, common schools, fence laws, equalization of taxation, Sunday laws and municipal government. His argument on the question of jurisdiction in the extraordinary session of 1892, indicates care- ful research and a clear comprehension of the subject. At the present session he led the opposition in the Senate against any change in the Sunday laws, and it was largely through his vigorous efforts that the fence bill was defeated. As speaker and Avriter, he has, for years, given much attention to the discussion of social and economic subjects, and especially to our agricultural interests. He is now also filling a number of important positions of pul)lio and private trust. 3tJ 21ie tSenate. W. U. BREWER, of the Thirty-thinI district, was born in Montgomery township, Franklin county, on April 3, 1844. His father was a farmer, and his early years were spent in the labors inci- dent to that occupation. Receiving his early education in the schools of Green- castle, Pa., he taught for a number of years in Franklin and Lancaster coun- ties and then attended the Millersville State Normal School, graduating in the scientific course. After his graduation he was connected with the normal school for nearly three years as instruc- tor in mathematics. He returned to Franklin county in 1868, and having, while teaching, taken up the studj' of law, was admitted to the bar on Decem- ber 12 of that year. From that time he has been actively engaged in the prac- tice of his profession and has won envi- able and honorable prominence as a lawyer. His business is not confined to the courts of his own county, but extends to the adjoining county of Fulton, and for the past eight years he has been retained in a large number of the cases appealed from the lower to the supreme courts. An ardent and acti\e Republican, he has always taken a prominent part in politics, and has done elfective campaign work in many parts of the state, but he was never an aspirant for public office until 1892, when, as the Republican candidate for State Senate in the Thirty-third dis- trict, composed of the counties of Franklin and Huntingdon, he was elected by a majority of 1,812, the largest ever cast therein for that office. On entering upon his duties, Mr. Brewer was made chairman of the Committee on Federal Relations and given a place on the imi)ortant Committees on Judiciary General, Judiciary Local, Congressional Apportionment and Library. From the first he has taken an active and useful part in legislation, and his legal training and experience, and incisive logical powers as a debator have given him a prominence and influence not often won by a Senator in his first se-ssion. Regular in attendance and thor- oughly acquainted with the character and scope of the measures as they come up for consideration and disposal, he is prepared to vote upon a discriminating knowl- edge of their merits. His reasons for advocacy are clearly stated, his opposition made with courtesy and freedom from acrimony, and these qualities, added to a respect for his ability and sincerity, and esteem as a man, have conduced towards making Mr. Brewer a popular and influential member of the Senate of Pennsyl- vania. The Senate. 37 PGKAY MEEK, who repieseuts the • Thirly-fouith district, composed of the counties of Clintou, Centre and Clearheld, is of Scotch ancestry. He is a descendant of Robert Meek, who emi- grated from Edinburgh to this country before the revolutionary war, and who had six sons in that conflict, three of wliom lost their lives. Captain George Meek, his son, was a companion of James Harris in his early surveying expeditious. William Meek, son of George, was the grandfather of Senator Meek, and the latter's father was Reu- ben H. Meek, on whose farm the sub- ject of this sketch was born, July I'i, 1842. Senator Meek's education was obtained in the common schools. He began life as a school teacher at Lumber City, Clearfield county, in the winter of 1855 and 1856. After passing a short time as clerk and doing a liitle farming, he, in May, 1861, became the junior editor of the Democmiic Watchmitn, of Bellefonte. He was not only a senten- tious but courageous writer, and his free criticisims of the manner in which the war was being conducted involved the proprietors in trouble, compelling him to sever his connection with the paper. In the following July he purchased a half interest iu the Watdiman. and from that time his impress was sensibly felt on the paper, which has gradually grown in popularity until it is unequaled among the country weeklies in the state. During the war Mr. Meek was seveial times ar- rested for his outspoken denunciation of the policy of the Republican adminis- tration then in control of the government. He was imprisoned in the cotton factory barracks in Harrisburg, and then discharged on parole without being informed as to the charges against him or the cause of his arrest. His con- stitutents never lost confidence in him, and in 1867, 1868, 1870 and 1871 they elected him to the House of Representatives by large majorities. During these years he secured the passage of a lumberman's lien law, and an act requiring rail- roads to fence their lines in Centre county or pay for stock killed, both of which measures have proven of material benefit to the laboring men and larmers of his section. In 1872 he was secretary to the Democratic State Committee. In 187:5, 1875 and 1876 he had the endorsement of his county for State Senator, and subse- quently he was defeated for the Democratic Congressional nomination by Governor Curtin" ])y only two votes. In 1882 he was editorial secretary of the Democratic State Committee, and served as one of its secretaries during the campaign of 1883 and 1884. He was elected chief clerk of the House of Representatives, January, 1883, and filled that ])ositiou during the memorable regular and special sessions of that year. In 1890 Mr. Meek was elected to the Senate by a majority approxinm ting 5.000. He was made a meml)er of the Committees on Appropriation, Banks, Insurance and Congressional Apportionment, and prepared the congressional and senatorial apportionment bills presented and advocated by the Democrats. His principle efforts during this session was put fortli to secure some legi.slation taxing unnaturalized i)ersons for poor purposes. At the session of l?^y3 he served on the Committees on Banks, Congressional Apportionment, Insurance. Legislative Ap- portionment, Public Printing and other committees. He was the author of the Democratic bill to apiwrtion the state into congressional districts, which was arranged with great care, and particular reference to contiguity of territory and made tlie population in each district as nearly equal as possible. 38 IVie Senate. y OHN A. LEMON, of Blair county, of the Thirty-fifth district, was born iu Cambria county, Pa., and lias resided in Blair county all his life. He received a common school education at Hollidaysburg. For years Colonel Lemon has been a coal operator and railroad contractor, and of the thousands of employes under him while in active business there is not one who does not regard him as a pei'sonal friend. Colonel Lemon was once elected burgess of Hollidaysburg. In 1872 he was nominated for Sen- ator in a strong Democratic district. So great was his popularity that the Democrats declined to nominate a can- didate in opposition to him and he was unanimously elected. In 1876 his con- stitutents demanded that he again rep- resent them iu the Senate, giving him a majority of 691 in a district usually Democratic by one thou.sand. Colonel Lemon's name was frequently mentioned in connection with State offices, but he usually declined the honor until 1880, when he was elected Auditor General by a handsome majority. Returning to his home at the expiration of his term of three years, he was again returned to the Senate, and has been a member of that body continuously ever since. He was elected to his third term in the Senate by 1,906 majority. His re-election in 1892, when his defeat was confidently predicted by the Democratic opposition, was secured hy a majority of 1.655. Senator Lemon is a member of these committees — Agriculture, Centennial Affairs, Fi- nance, Public Printing and Railroads. His modest ways and courteous treat- ment of his associates have made him one of the most popular members of the Senate. While making no claims as an orator, he is still successful in securing for his constitutents the best results in legislation, and the interests of the people at large are safe in his hands. 'rite Senate. 39 N' ORMAN BRUCE CRITCHFIELD, of Somerset county, who represents the Thirty -sixth district in the State Senate, was born in Somerset county. Pa., July 20, 1838. His great-great- grandfather came from Wales about the middle of the eighteenth century, and settled in New Jersey. At the close of the war for Independence, in which he served, his great-grandflxther went to Virginia, where he married and soon afterward took up his residence in Som- erset county, Pa. His great-grand- father, grandfather and father were farmers, and Senator Critchfield also followed that avocation. His early edu- cation was obtained in the public and normal schools ot Somerset county. In 1856 he entered the Ohio University at Athens, Ohio, and the following spring returned to his native county and spent the summer in a private school. He taught school for a number of years and was superintendent of schools in Somerset county from 1866 to 1869. From 1885 to 1889 he was prothonotary of common pleas and clerk of criminal courts of his county, and in 1890 was elected to the Senate from his district, consisting of Som- erset. Bedford and Fulton counties, by a plurality of nearly 1,700. At the session of 1891 he was chairman of the Committee on Accounts, secretary of the Commit- tee on Agriculture and a member of the Mines and Mining, Health and Sanita- tion and Education Committees. Two years later he was made chaii-man of the Committee on Agriculture, and was given a place on the Appropriations and Health and Sanitation Committees. He introduced bills to make the Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture ex-officio a member of the board and to prevent the spread of the disease known as tuberculosis among domestic animals. What is known as the agricultural delegation of the Legislature, consisting of about one hundred members, elected him its secretary. Senator Critchfield has not only a civil record of which he may feel proud but he performed creditable service in the war of the rebellion. He served three years in the Union army and participated in the coast campaigns in East Virginia and South Carolina and in Sherman's famous campaign which culminated in the capture of Atlanta and Savannah. He also served with General Sherman in his march through the Carolinas and Vir- ginia, ending at Washington, at the close of the war. 40 Tfie Senate. Tames george Mitchell, of the J Thirty-seventh district, was born in Perrysville, Jefterson county, Pa., Jan- uary 15, 1847. He is of Scotch-Iiish lineage, his ancestors having settled in this state in the pioneer days of the colonist. His father was high sheritf of Jefferson county in 1854 and was well known and highly esteemed for his many manl}' and frank traits of charac- ter. These characteristics Mr. Mitchell retains in a very marked degree. His education, until he was fourteen j'ears of age, was received in the common schools of Jefferson county, but before he had completed his studies the war of the rebellion broke out and young Mitchell, though unable to enlist as a soldier, because of his youth, determined to go with his companions and enlisted as a drummer boy in company A, One Hundred and Fifth regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, and served, with his regi- ment, from Yorktown to Appomattox, where the war closed. His service in the army covers the battles of William.sburg, Fair Oaks, Charles City Cross Roads, Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, AVilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Sailor's Creek and Appomattox. He en- joyed the distinction of being the only Union soldier present at the famous meet- ing between General Hancock and the Confederate General Stewart after the cap- ture of Stewart's entire division at Spottsyh-ania, May 12, 1884. His regiment, known as "The Wild Cats," lost during the war two hundred and fifty killed in battle. After the close of the war he returned to his home, Hamilton, Jefferson county, Pa., and settled down to learning the trade of plasterer, which he fol- lowed for ten years, after which he entered upon a mercantile life, which business he still follows. For ten years he was a captain in the State National Guard and only relinquished this position when the cares of business became onerous. He has always been an active party politician, taking a lively interest in all the con- tests of his party whether in city, county, state or national elections. He was a delegate to the State Republican Convention in 1888, a member of the Republican State Committee in 1890, a member of the board of county auditors for Jefterson county in 1874 and was elected to the State Senate, as a Republican, at the election of 1892, receiving a majority of over 2,000 votes over the combined votes cast for the Democrat, Labor and Prohibition opponents for the same office. Mr. Mitchell is chairman of the Senate Committee on Pensions and Gratuities, a member of the Committees on Constitutional Reform, Health and Sanitation, Military Affairs, Game and Fish, Canals and Inland Navigation and Retrenchment and Reform. He has always been an advocate of local option and introduced a local option bill in the Senate. He is not a prohibitionist. Senator Mitchell is not a debator but in committee is an earnest and succe.ssful worker. TJie Senate. 41 HARRY ALVAN HALL was born at Kaitliaus, Clearfield county, Pa., October 7, 1861. He is of Scotch-Irish descent, but his family settled in Amer- ica more than two centuries ago, and his ancestors on both sides were engaged in the War of the Revolution. Mr. Hall is the youngest of seven children. His father, Benjamin McDowell Hall, was a banker and the leading citizen of Elk county. The subject of this sketch was prepared for college in the Benedic- tine Monastery at St. Marys, Pa., by the Rev. Edward Hepelius, one of the most distinguished linguists of the Benedictine Order. He afterward at- tended Dickinson Seminary, University at Lewisburg and Yale College, gradu- ating from the last-named institution. He was admitted to the bar at New Haven, Conn., in June, 1881, and has since been actively engaged in the practice of his profession at his home in Elk county. He was political editor of the Elk County Gazette for three years and is a regular contributor to a number of magazines. He is general manger of the Clarion River railway, and has large business interests in Elk county. On June 10, 1886, he was married to Miss Currin McNairy, a daughter of the late Colonel Currin McNairy, of Nashville, Tenn. Senator Hall's first elective office was that of chief burgess of St. Marys, to which he was elected for five consecutive terms. He has taken part in nearly every Democratic State Convention for the past ten 3'ears, was a delegate to the National Democratic Couvention at Chicago in 1884 and delegate-at-large to the Democratic National Convention at the same place in 1892. He was elected to the Senate from the Thirty -eight Senatorial district in 1890 by a large majority. He is captain ol company H, Sixteenth regiment National Guard of Pennsylvania, the finest sharpshooting regiment in the state and the one longest on duty at Homestead, Pa., during the riots of 1892, at which time Captain Hall was in active service with his regiment there for a period of ninety-five days, the most protracted service rendered l)y any military organiza- tion in the United States since the close of the civil war. At the Columbian ses- sion, 1893, Seuator Hall was on the Committees of Banking, Canal and Inland Navigation, Congressional Apportionment, Judiciary General, Judiciary Special, Military Affairs, Accounts and Game and Fish. His most active legislative ex- perience was during the extraordinary session of 1891, called for the purpose of impeaching State Treasurer Boyer and Auditor General McCamant. During the trial the fine qualities he displayed as a leader in the fight for the minority and the masterful legal and parliamentary tactics displayed by him won him high encomiums. He proposed to decide the question of jurisdiction before proceed- ing to the trial, as he foresaw the tactics that were to be pursued on the part of the majority, but his talents were overmatched in the voting strength of tlie op- position. When the Senate, after the closing of the testimony, finally decided against its jurisdi.;tion, Senator Hall made one of the bitterest attacks upon the majority party that has ever been made in that body. Senator Hall is one of the popular aud genial members of the Senate, and is one of the leaders of the bar of western Pennsylvania. -1:2 Tlic Senate. j: OHN H. BROWN, who was chosen .ill November, 189 J, to represent the Thirty -ninth district iu the State Sen- ate, was born in the county where he now resides on June 29, 1844. His lather was a merchant, and the boy re- ceived a sound education in the common schools, Harrison City Academy and Duff's College. Mr. Brown has been engaged as a merchant and in agricul- tural pursuits. He has held but one office aside from that which he now fills except postmaster for eighteen years and school director of Hempfield township, a position never filled by any other Republican. He was chairman of the Westmoreland County Republi- can Committee in 1891, when 500 ma- jority was secured for the ticket, though the previous year the county had given a Democratic majority of 1,500. Mr. Brown was elected Senator by a majority of twelve in a presidential year, receiving the largest vote ever given for a Republican in Westmoreland county. In the Legislature he has taken high rank because of the care and attention which he gives to all matters which come up for consideration. He is chairman of the Com- mittee on Compare Bills and a member of the Committees on Congressional Ap- portionment, Mines and Mining, Banks, Accounts and Agriculture. Senator Brown has introduced and championed several measures of far more than ordi- nary importance during the present session. His chief efforts, though, have been devoted to the enactment of a general road improvement law. Mr. Brown is thoroughly satisfied that the most vital need of the state and county is a better system of highways. To this end he has worked most earnestly since the Legisla- ture was called to order early in January. The bill of which he is the author and sponsor has Vjeen widely commented upon as affording a thoroughly practicable sohation of the vexed road problem. During the big discussion which it created iu committee rooms and on the floor, Mr. Brown has exhibited the utmost perse- verance and patience, qualities which have insured him the esteem and regard of his colleagues. The Senate. 43 MATTHIAS BRANT, of Greene county, who represents the For- tieth district, was born in Wayne town- shij), Greene county, December 29, 1828. He received his education in the public schools of that county and at Waynes- burg College. For sixteen successive years he taught school and for nine years served as school director, besides tilling various other townshi]) otiices. Mr. Brant served with credit as a mem- ber of the House of Representatives in 1879 and 1881. He has taken an active part in local Democratic politics and has attended different state conventions as delegate. His interests in Greene county are varied and extensive, but his atten- tion has been particularly directed to the raising of tine stock. His experi- ences in that line dates back to 1860 when he became a live stock dealer and shipper. Besides this he is iaterested largely in real estate and is known to have made some heavy deals. In 1890 he Avas elected to the Senate as a Democrat from the Fortieth district by a majority of 2,899 votes. The vote cast for the sev- eral candidates was as follows : Matthias Brant, 10,694 ; Joshua M. Dushane, 7,779 ; Aaron Degood, 579. During the session of 1893 Mr. Brant served on the Committees on Agriculture, Education. New Counties and County Seats, Vice and Immorality and Public Buildings. He introduced during the session of 1893 a bill to prohibit the use of any adulteration or imitation of dairy products in any charitable or penal institution. Mr. Brant's father was a farmer and butcher and his son inherited from him his fondness for agricultural pursuits. He points with pride to the fact that his grandfather, Philip Longstreet, was captain of a com- pany in the revolutionary war from 1778 to its close and rendered services to his country of which his descendants have reason to be proud. 44 The Senate. U7ILLIAM BOLING MEREDITH, »* of the Forty-first district, was born in Kittanning, Armstroug county, September 13, 1839. His father, Jona- than E. Meredith, was a civil engineer and surveyor by profession, and was three times elected prothonotary of Arm- strong county on the Whig ticket while that county was strongly Democratic. He was also elected to the Senate of Pennsyl- vania in 18o9 from the district composed of the counties of Armstrong and Indi- ana. The subject of this sketch was edu- cated in the public schools of Kittanni ng, Elder's Ridge Academy, and Jefferson College, at Canonsburg, Washington county, Pa., graduating from the last named institution in August, 1860. Mr. Meredith was engaged in the oil busi- ness for a number of years and since that time has been engaged extensively in the water works business, being at present superintendent and treiisurer of the Armstrong Water Company and superintendent of the Butler and Warren Water Companies. Mr. Meredith served as assistant assessor of internal revenue for several years. He was a delegate to the Republican State Convention in 1878. He was elected to the Pennsylvania Senate from the Forty-first Senatorial district, composed of the counties of Armstrong and Butler, in 1884, for the term of four years and was re-elected from the same district in November, 1893. Senator Meredith is chairman of the Committee on Congressional Apportionment and is an active member of the Committees on Appropriations, Education, Federal Rela- tions and Vice and Immorality. Among the important bills he has introduced and championed during this session are the congressional apportionment ; Senate bill 107, an act to authorize certain school districts to establish, maintain and operate public high schools in boroughs not divided into wards for school purposes, and Senate bill 290, to amend the street railway act of May 14, 1889, so as to pro- vide that companies incorporated under that law may begin the circuit of the route, and change the original place of beginning the circuit of the route to any part of the incorporated route or its extension, provided no change is made in the incorporated route, to validate any such change heretofore made, to provide for the correction of errors in the naming of the streets and to vali- date such corrections. He also introduced the bill to enlarge the scope of the state banking department. Mr. Meredith has made an enviable record in tlie Senate and is held in high esteem both by his fellow Senators and his lellow citi- zens at home, his extensive private business having thoroughly qualified him for the able discharge of his public duties. The Senate. 45 J OHN N. NEEB, who represented the Forty-second senatorial district from the first Tuesday of January, 1891, until his death, February 19, 1893, was one of the most industrious and popular members of the Senate. He possessed the liigh esteem of liis colleagues, re- gardless o/ politics and the differ- ences of opinion entertained as to the merits of his legislation. Mr. Neeb was born March 19, 1851. in Allegheny. He was the son of William Neeb, one of the pioneer Germans of this state. John Neeb received his education in Mount Troy, near Allegheny city. He subsequently attended the public schools and passed through the junior year ot the Western University. In 1868, on his father's paper, the Freiheit's Freiind, he began a successful journalistic career. He soon assumed control of the edito- rial management, and won deserved distinction as a writer. The casting of his first ballot was followed by his election as a member of the Allegheny county Re- publican executive committee and active participation in Republican politics. Removing to Pittsburg in 1875, he was elected a member of common council from the Third ward for two terms. Before the expiration of the second term he be- came a resident of Allegheny city, and resigned his position. Governors Hart- ranft, Hoyt, Pattison and Beaver, in their turn, appointed him a member of the Morganza reformatory board. On June 3, 1890, he was nominated for state sena- tor in the Forty-second district, and in the following November elected by a large majority. He was a charter member of the Pittsburg Press club and became its first president, a position which he filled so acceptably that he was re-elected twice. He was also connected with the Young Men's Tariff" Club. At the time of his death Mr. Neeb was one of the proprietors of the FreiheWs Freiind, and he always displayed much interest in the success of the paper. He l)egan as a compositor on the journal and with signal success filled all the places to which he was assigned leading to its editorial control. Being unmarried, he lived with his father and mother on Stockton avenue, Allegheny. In the Senate Mr. Neeb gave his unremitting attention to the perfection of legislation in which liis constituents had a particular interest. He was not only pains-taking in its preparation, but never lost a point in advancing it on the calendars. Although physically broken down at the session of 1893, he never exhibited more industry in framing legislation, and no me4nber of the Senate watched the progress of leg- islation in which he was specially interested more clo.selyand intelligently than the late representative of the Forty-second senatorial district. On the evening of March 15, 1893, resolutions were submitted to the senate and, after appropriate remarks, unanimously adopted, referring to him as always genial, courteous and friendly, whose participation in legislative work was marked by in- telligence, integrity, energy, ability and an earnest desire to promote and protect the interests of his constituents and ot all the citizens of the commonwealth. 46 T'he Senate. W 'ALTER LYON, who was elected last April to fill the vacancy- caused by the death of Senator Neeb, represents the Forty-second district. Mr. Lyon was born in Shaler town- ship, Allegheny county, April 27, 1853, and was educated in the public schools and privately. He was admitted to the bar in January, 1877, and has prose- cuted his legal business since. The law firm of which he is a member is known as that of Lyon, McKee & Sand- erson, the latter a former deputy attor- ney of Pennsylvania. Mr. Lyon was appointed United States District Attor- ney for the western district of Pennsyl- vania June, 1889, commissioned for four years from January 27, 1890, and re- fe, •« -?'^fi:^^^HB^^^^^^^^^ signed April 15 last to assume the 1^; ^^^^^^hIBH^^Bk^SH duties of Senator. Mr. Lyon resides in Allegheny City and isa descendant of the Pennsylvania Lyon family, which left a very interesting history. He has never held any political office except that of Senator, for which office he was unanimously nominated, but has figured often in politics. ' He was a delegate to the state con- ventions of 1881, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889 and 1890, and was temporary chairman of the convention which nominated Judge Williams, of Tioga, for the supreme court bench, filled the same position when Mr. Harry Boyer was made the candidate of the Eepublican party for State Treasurer and was permanent chairman of the convention of 1890 which placed in nomination George W. Dela- mater for Governor. He served on these committees : Municipal Affairs, Vice and Immorality, Corporations, Constitutional Reform and Judiciary General. TJie Senate, 47 TOI rOHN UPPERMAN, who has rep- resented the Forty-tliird district, composed of part of the county of Alle- gheny, since 1881, is a native of the city of Pittsburg, where he was born. May 13, 1845. He received his educa- tion in the common schools and Shafer Business College, and then learned the tanner's trade. Subsequently he en- gaged in the livery business in Pitts- burg, and has since followed that occu- pation. Senator Uppermau's fir.st entrance into public life was in 1877, when he served a term in city councils of Pitts- burg. In 1880 he was elected to the Senate, and has been thrice re-elected — in 1884, 1888 and 1892. In 1883 Sen- ator Upperman served as chairman of the Committee on Municipal Corpora- tions, and for the past three sessions has held the responsible position of chairman of the Corporations Committee. The important character of the legislation passing through this committee renders the chairmanship an onerous and laborious place, and Senator Uj^ierman's dis- charge of his duties in connection therewith has been marked by a most careful and painstaking interest and attention. He is also a member of the (Jommittees of Appropriations, Education and Congressional and Legislative Apportionment. Senater Upperman seldom occupies the time of the Senate with debate, but, faithful in his attendance at every session, his knowledge of all pending measures gives weight to his words when he does take brief part in the discussions, and his vote is given as the result of careful consideration of the merits of every measure. His extended term of service has given him'a^large acquaintance among public men of all parties, and he is deservedly popular among those brought into im- mediate relation with him. 48 The Senate. W 'ILLIAM FLINN. who represents the Fortj^-fourth district, con- sisting of a portion of Allegheny county, was born May 5, 1851, at Manchester, England. His father and mother were born in Ireland, emigrated to this country in the year of his birth and settled in Pittsburg. Senator Flinn re- ceived very few educational advantages in his youth, having been obliged to sever his connection with the school he attended when he was only nine years of age. The enviable reputation he has made among his fellows is due alone to his indomitable perseverance. He learned the trade of brush finisher and gas and steam fitter, and is one of the most extensive contractors in the state, and as such removed the debris which had accumulated at Johnstown after the terrible flood of 1889. Mr. Flinn has figured very conspicuously in the politics of Allegheny count}' and attended the national convention of his party in 1884, 1888 and 1892 as a delegate. He has served in a similar capacity at state conventions for the past ten years. He was elected a member of the House of Representatives in 1878, and served during the session of the following year. Prior to this event, in 1877, he was elected a member of the board of fire commissioners of Pittsburg, and served three years. In 1890 he was chosen to represent his district in the Senate for four years. At the session of 1893 he was made chairman of the Committee on Education, and was also placed on the Committees of Retrenchment and Reform, Municipal Affairs, Railroads, Legislative and Congressional Apportionment. '^^^ Tlie Senate. 49 SAMUEL S. STEEL, of Allegheny conuty, who represents the Forty- tifth district in the Senate, was born near Greencastle, Franklin county, April 20, 1837. He received a common school education and learned the trade of machine blacksmithiug, at which he worked until he entered the Union arm3^ After the close of the war he was for awhile engaged in the under- taking Inisiness and in raising dairy pioduce. lu 1884 he was elected to the Pennsylvania Senate, and has twice been re-elected, his present term expir- ing in l.Sf)6. Mr. Steel is one of the most popular men in the branch of the Legislature with which he has been con- nected the past ten years, and his con- stituents have been faithfully served by him. He has not occupied the time of the Senate in .speech-making except when occasion imperatively demanded, but he has doue good work in committee. He was the chairman of the Committee on Insurance in 1893 and served on the Com- mittees of Finance, Compare Bills, New Counties and County Seats, Pensions and Gratuities and Eetrenchment and Reform. Among the bills he introduced was one providing for the incorporation of tunnel companies intended to facilitate travel in the vicinity of Pittsburg. Mr. Steel is descended from Penn.sylvania ancestors, all of whom have been residents of the state covering a period of over one hundred and fifty years. On his paternal side he is descended from Rev. John Steel, of the First Presbyterian Church of Carlisle. At the breaking out of the revolutionary war, John Steel was made captain of the first company raised in Carlisle for the defense of the colonies. At that time, among the members of his church, Avere Colonel Ephraim Blaine, grandfather of James G. Blaine, Colonel Irwin, Colonel Callander, General Armstrong and James Wilson, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and General John Montgomery. On his maternal side he is descended from the Deitrichs and Stotlers, old German families of Frank- lin county, both of whom furnished officers and privates to the revolutionary war. 50 The Senate. W 'ILLIAM BOYD DUNLAP was born atDarlingtou, Beaver count}', Pa. His parents were Samuel Ruther- ford and Nancy Hemphill Dunlap, both of whom were of Scotch-Irish descent and their ancestors came to this coun- try early in the eighteenth century and took their part in the stirring events of the times. The subject of this sketch was the second son and sixth child. He first attended a select, then the common schools, later the Darlington and Beaver Academies and graduated from Jefferson College in 1858, in the largest class that Institution ever graduated. The Hon. George A. Jenks was one of his class- mates and among his schoolmates were Chauncey F. Black and ex-Governor Beaver and many others since distin- guished at the bar and in the pulpit. When about sixteen years of age he was tendered the appointment to West Point by the late Hon. M. C. Trout, then mem- ber of Congress from his district, but his fixther intending him for the law, and acting under the advice of his brother-in-law, the late Judge Cunningham, refused his consent to the acceptance of this offer. Shattered health at the end of his col- legiate course forced him to abandon for a time his purpose to study law. When on a trip in the pursuit of health accident threw him in the way of a vacancy in the Scott Street public schools in Covington, Kentucky, and he accepted the offer and was for two years the principal of those schools. He had here for pupils Fred and " Buck " Grant, two sous of General U. S. Grant. The duties Avere not exacting, and a daily attendance at a gymnasium somewhat restored his health. But becoming satisfied that a freer out-door life was best suited to his constitution he embarked in the river business and was engaged in that pursuit until his elec- tion to the Senate in 1890. He has been a delegate to many State Democratic conventions. At the Reading convention of 1872 he was on the committee to select the delegates-at-large to the constitutional convention. At Erie, in 1875, he was on the famous Committee on Resolutions. He was a delegate to the conven- tion of 1876 that nominated Tilden and a candidate for elector on the Hancock ticket in 1880. He was a candidate for the State Senate in 1878 and was defeated by the Hon. George V. Lawrence by 150 majority. He was unanimously pre- sented by his county in 1890 for the nomination for Congress, and elected the same year to the State Senate. In the session of 1891 he was a member of the commit- tee that reported the law creating the Banking Department. He was also a mem- ber of the Finance Committee that had so long under consideration the famous Granger and Boj'er tax bills of that session. He was prominent in the debates on the Pittsburg wharf bills. At the session of 1893 he served on the Committees on Congressional Apportionment, Legislative Apiiortioument, Finance, Constitutional Reform, Municipal Affairs and Vice and Immorality. He introduced bills author- izing counties containing 50,000 inhabitants to erect workhouses, and extending the usage of the common pleas courts in selecting jurors to the court of quarter sessions. The Senate. 51 J AMES S. FRUIT. Senator from the Fortj^-seventh district, composed of tlie counties of Mercer and Lawrence, was born in Jefferson township, in the first-named county, on October 17, 1849. His father emigrated at an early age from eastern Pennsylvania and settled on the farm in Mercer county whereon Mr. Fruit was born. He was educated in the common schools, and at the age of tburteen left the farm and became a clerk in a store at Clarksville. He afterwards attended the Edinboro State Normal School. He followed mercan- tile pursuits at Wheatland and Hub- bard, Ohio, and then embarked in the hardware business at Sharon, Mercer county, where he soon built up a large trade, which he still continues. Senator Fruit cast his first vote for the Republican party, and has always been active in local and state politics. In 1884 he was a delegate to the Republi- can State Convention, and in ls86 was elected to the House of Representatives. Taking at once a prominent part in legislative matters, and especially in the im- portant work of the Appropriations Committee, he made so favorable a record that' his constituteuts, breaking a hitherto almost invariable rule, re-elected him in 1888 and 1890. In the session of 1891 he was made chairman of the Appropri- ations Committee. In that year an attempt was made to increase the state ap- propriations for commom schools. As reported from committee, the General Appropriation bill increased the annual grant to the schools from $2,000,000 to 83,000,000. Mr. Fruit's knowledge of the state's finances, obtained through his labors on the Appropriation Committee, satisfied him that an even greater increase could safely be made, and he ofiered an amendment in the House raising the sura to §5,000,000 per annum, and succeeded in having his proposition adopted. No measure more popular with the general public was ever placed on the statute books, and Mr. Fruit's efforts in its behalf added to his strength with his con- stituents. In addition to this measure the several appropriation bills coming be- fore his committee were so carefully and prudently considered that, for the first time, possibly, in the history of the Legislature, every one favorably reported passed both Houses. In 189-2 Mr. Fruit was nominated f.)r Senator by the Republicans of Mercer county, and subsequently by the district conference. The strongest Democrat in the district, a man with a brilliant war record and who had once carried the Re- publican county of Lawrence, was pitted against him for election, but Mr. Fruit came off victor with a handsome majority. He is chairman of the Library Com- mittee and a member of the Appropriations, Congressional Apportionment, Con- stitutional Reform and Public Health and Sanitation Committees. Senator Fruit's previous experience in the Hou.se stands him in good stead in liis new sphere of duty, and from the first he has taken an active part in the business of the Senate. 52 The Senate. W ILLIAM KEID CRAWFORD, who represents the Venango- Warren district in the State Senate, Avas born in Perry township. Armstrong county, Pa., on June 28, 1827. His parents, Eben- ezer and Janette Crawford, were early settlers in northwestern Pennsylvania and reared a large family. Alexander Grant, his maternal grandfather, built the tirst stone house in Lancaster county, afterwards removed to Butler county and finally located in Armstrong county, where he died sixty jears ago. William R. was brought up at the old homestead and received such education as the .schools in the neighborhood could be- stow. He followed farming until 1854, when, with four of his brothers, he went to California and spent some time in the gold mines. Upon his return he de- cided to remove to the southern part of Venango county and occupied a tarm in Scrubgrass township. Members of this branch 'of the Crawfords have been prominent residents of that section from the very beginning of its history. After living in Scrubgrass eight years Mr. Crawford, who bad been a successful agriculturist, removed to Franklin, the county seat of Venango, in March of 1865, and engaged actively in the i^roductlon of petroleum. He operated quite extensively in different portions of the oil regions for over twenty years, enjoying a high reputation for enterprise and integrity. So great was his popularity that he was elected twice to the council, served three times as mayor and was long president of the school board of Franklin. In November, 1887, he was elected sheriff of Venango county by a heavy majority, although pitted against the strongest candidate the Democratic party could have selected. At the end of his term as sherift', an office which he filled with signal ability and skill, he was chosen State Senator from the Forty-eighth district, the position he now holds. His public career has been distinguished by untiring fidelity to the Interests of the people and uncompromising hostility to whatever he believed to lie opposed to the general welfare. In committee work he has been especially efficient, always punctual in his attendance and never in s\'mpathy with anything that savored of corruption or jobbery. While a zealous Republican in politics, he lias gained the esteem of all parties by his love of fairness, his admirable devotion to justice and his unswerving adhesion to manly principle. Mr. Crawford was married May 15, 1851, to Jane, daughter of Thomas and Isabella (Craig) Kerr, a pioneer family of Scrubgrass township, where Mrs. Crawford was born. Seven children were the fruits of this union. Four of these survive — Zelia E,, wife of John E. Gill, superintendent of the Galena Oil Works at Franklin ; Jessie Benton, wife of Robert McCalmont, attorney, Franklin ; John K., attorney, and Jennie June. In person Senator Crawford is tall and .slender and looks much younger than his real age. Genial in manner, generous to a fault, the friend of humanity and benefactor to the poor, no man stands better in the estimation of the masses or more deserving of their confidence and respect. The Senate. 5a D AVID B. McCKEARY, of the Forty-ninth district, was born on February 27, 1826, in Millcreek township, Erie county, Pa., of Scotch- Irish parentage. His father was a farmer, who emigrated from Lancaster county, Pa., to Erie county in 1800. His mother, wliose maiden name was Lj'dia 8wan, came from Dauphin county about the same time. Gen- eral McCreary was educated in the common schools, Erie Academy and Washington College, at Washington, I'a., attending the last-named institution' during the years 1848 and 1849. For some years he followed school teach- ing in Erie county and in Kentucky. Later on he studied law, was admitted to the bar and has since been a prac- ticing attorney. At the beginning of the War of the Rebellion he went out as first lieutenant of the Erie regiment, three months' troops. Afterwards he en- listed in the One Hundred and Forty-fifth regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, for three years' service, entering as lieutenant-colonel. He was promoted to colonel, and when mustered out was Inevetted brigdier general for gallant service. General McCreary was a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature in 1866 and 1867. Adjutant General of Pennsylvania 1867 to 1870. Again elected a member of the Legislature in 1870. Elected State Senator from Erie county in 1888 and re-elected 1892. He was a delegate to the Republican State Convention in 1882, which nominated General James A. Beaver for Governor. He has been a trustee of Dixmout Asylum for the Insane, on behalf of the state, for six years, and is a state trustee of Edin- boro Normal Scliool. General McCreary was chairman of the General Judiciary Committee during the session of 1891, and was again assigned this important chairmanship for the session of 1893. He is also a member of the Special Judi- ciary, Insurance, Mines and Mining, Congressional Apportionment and Millitary Affairs Committees. He introduced during the Columbian session several bills relative to judicial procedure, among them relating to secret marriages ; extend- ing jurisdiction in cases of divorce ; submitting certain cases of fact in equity cases to the jury, and relative to the appointment of master in equity cases. 64 The Senate. SAMUEL JAMES LOGAN, of Craw- ford county (the Fiftieth and last Senatorial district), was born in south Shenango township of the county he represents, in 1838. His father was a farmer and stock raiser, and came of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His forefathers emigrated to this country' from County Tj'rone, Ireland, in 1792,settled in Craw- ford county in 1798, and took part in tlie war of 1812. Young Logan was educated in the common schools and spent three years in the Hai'tstown Academy. Since then he has been mainly engaged in agricultural pursuits and at present resides oh a farm. He has been elected to all the township offices, including that of justice of the peace. He was a delegate to the Dem- ocratic State Convention at Lancaster in 1875 and that at Erie in 1876. He was chosen to the House of Representatives in 1874, and served in the sessions of 1875 and 1876. He was then a member of several important committees. Mr. Logan was elected to the State Senate in 1890 by a majority of 777 over W. H. Andrews, then chairman of the Republican State Committee. The county of Crawford had formerly given 2,200 Republican majority. Senator Logan is a member of the Committees on Appropriations, Finance, Agriculture, Constitutional Reform, Banks, Public Printing, Public Buildings and Retrench- ment and Reform. Mr. Logan is author of a large number of important measures which have been under consideration during the present session. Among them is a bill for the erection of election houses in townships, boroughs and wards, and for the re-establishing of lost and uncertain boundary lines. A proposition that has created wide discussion is one for the establishment of co-operative banking institutions. This idea has found an earnest and able champion in Senator Logan. He is also author of bills changing the plan of electing members of the State Board of Agriculture, for a new method of distributing the state appropriation to the public schools, reimbursing Titusville for damages caused by the flood of 1892, and making appropriations to various Crawford county institutions. While a member of the House in 1875 and 1876, he secured the enactment of laws for water-troughs on public highways and for the bonding of sheriffs gi-aded according to the population of the counties. This was the first session under the new Con- stitution. Officers of the Senate. 55 EDWIN WILSON SMILEY was born in Franklin, Venango county, Pa., September 12, 184(), and is the third son and fifth child of John H. and Nancy Smiley, grandson of Thomas Smiley, a pioneer in the settlement of Venango county, and a soldier of the war of 1812. His ancestors were of Scotch-Irish de- scent, and came to this country and settled in central Pennsylvania as early as 17;i0. He was educated in the com- mon schools and in the old Franklin Academy, trom which he graduated in his fourteenth year, and in the fall of 1859 entered the ftY/zen printing office at Franklin as an apprentice. Since that time, with the exception of three years, he has been connected with the newspaper, as apprentice, compositor, foreman, editor and publisher. In 1863, on the first day of July, he enlisted in company E. Fifty-eighth regiment Pennsylvania State troops, Colonel George H. Bemus commanding, for a period of three months, and served in the Deijartment of the Monongahela, composed of the States of Ppnnsylvahia, Ohio and West Vir- ginia, until regularly mustered out of the service with the regiment. On April 1, 1869, he was engaged by a company owning the BepuhUcan at Tionesta, Forest county, to edit and publish that paper, which he did successfully. On April 1, 1870, he returned to Franklin, purchased the Citizen newspaper and job printing establishment and has edited that paper since that date. As the editor of a Re- pul)lican partisan newspaper it was a natural result that Mr. Smiley should be greatly interested in politics, and he has taken an active part in every political campaign during the last twenty years, being distinguished as a "stalwart " Re- publican because of his devotion to the jirinciples of his party and the vigorous efforts put forth by him for the success of its candidates. In 1872 he was elected a delegate to the Republican State Convention, and was also elected delegate in the years 1873, 1874, 1876 and 1879. In 1876 he served as delegate to the Repub- lican National Convention at Cincinnati. He was elected chairman of the Repub- lican committee of Venango county in 1875, and served in that capacity, almo.st continuouslj', for nine terms. In 1888 he was nominated, after a vigorous contest, by a large majority, as the choice of the Republicans of Venango county for Con- gress in the Twenty-seventh district, composed of the counties of Cameron, Mc- Kean, Venango and Warren, Imt failed to win the nomination in the district. In 1876 he was elected Reading Clerk of the State Senate and held that position until 1881. In 1883 he was elected Journal Clerk of the Senate and performed the duties of that office until 1891, when he was elected Chief Clerk and re-elected in 1893. In May, 1886, E. W. Smiley and Mary Jane, daughter of James and Nancy Kilgore, were united in marriage. They liave three children, John How- ard, Rali)li Allen and Jessie Gertrude. Mr. Smiley is distinguished as a i)arlia- mentarian, and recognized as an authority on all matters pertaining to legislation. As a newspaper writer he is logical and forcible, especially on political subjects. His untiring industry and devotion to duty, together with his conceded ability, commend him to ])ublic favor, as is attested by his long-continued service in the Senate of Pennsylvania. 56 Officers of the Senate. TAMES MONROE CARSON was bom J in North Beaver township, Lawrence county, Pa., Nov. 11, 1857. His lather, William Carson, and his mother, whose maiden name was Prudence Calvin, were of Scotch-Irish descent and both natives of Lrawence county. His paternal great- grandfather was a native of Ireland, but coming to America prior to the beginning of the war of the Revolution, he espoused the cause of the colonists and served with them as a soldier in their struggles for nationality and in- dependence. After peace was declared he married Rachel Wilson, of the State of Delaware, and located in Virginia, where he remained until I'QQ, when he settled within the limits of the present county of Lawrence. His ma- ternal ancestors emigrated from Scot- laud at the close of the eighteenth cen- tury and settled in Western Pennsylvania. The subject of this sketch removed with his parents, in November, 1868, to Marion township, Butler county. Pa., and spent his youth on his father's .farm. He received his education in the public schools and from private tutors. In 1873 he entered the office of the Butler Eagle as an apprentice to the printing trade, serving the full novitiate term of three years ; afterwards worked at his trade in Sharon and Sandy Lake. In 1881 he purchased an interest in the Butler Eagle, on which paper he learned his trade, and entered into partnership with Mr. Eli D. Robinson, with whom he has since been associated in the conduct of the paper and its business. Mr. Carson is a Republican and has always taken an active interest in the success of the princi- ples and candidates of his party ; was secretary of the Republican County Com- mittee in the Presidential campaign of 1888, and has served on other important party committees and conferences. He received the unanimous endorsement of his county for State Senator in 1892, but Armstrong county being entitled to the district nomination under the system of rotation observed by the counties com- posing the district, the nomination was conceded to Armstrong county's candidate without a contest. Mr. Carson was elected Reading Clerk of the Senate of Penn- sylvania in 1891, serving during the regular and extraordinary' sessions of that year, and was re-elected in 1893 for the term of two years. He was married in 1882 to Miss Letitia Donaldson, and three little daughters grace their home, viz : Luella, Bessie Prudence and Bertha INIay. Mr. Carson as a newspaper editor and publisher combines vigor and terseness as a writer with good business ability. As Reading Clerk of the Senate he has performed the important duties of the position to the entire satisfaction of that body, his reading being rapid and at the same time distinctly audible in all parts of the Senate Chamber. He is an ear- nest, conscientious worker, and his genial, courteous manner has made him a favorite with all those with whom he has come in contact. Officers of the Senate. 57 J AMES LAWRENCE BROWN, Jour- nal Clerk of the Senate during the session of 1893, succeeded in that posi- tion Hon. Anthony F. Bannon, elected a member of the Senate. He was born in PhihKlelphia on September 17, 1840. His father, who was a merchant, though himself a native of Philadeliihia, was of Scottish descent, while his mother claimed England as the home of her ancestors. Until he was fifteen years old Mr. Brown attended the Ringgold Grammar School, Philadelphia, receiv- ing the instruction which completed his education at the Arcadian Institute, Orwigsburg. Becoming tired of school life he went into business with his father and gradually found himself be- ing drawn into politics. He was ap- pointed lieutenant of police of the Seventeenth district by Mayor Stokley and held that position until, on June 1. 1881, he was appointed magistrate of court No. 2 by Governor Hoj't to fill the vaucany caused by the death of Henry Eberly. Mr. Brown's work on the bench was so satisfactory that at the expiration of the term for which he was appointed he was nominated by the Republican party and elected by a majority of 535 votes for the full term of five years. In 1887 he was re-elected by the largest majority of any magistrate in the city, it running close to 37,000. During his earlier life he filled the position of water purveyor of the First district to which he was appointed by chief engineer of the water department, William ISIcFadden. He has alwaj^s taken great interest in se(!ret societies and their work and is well known in Philadelphia as a member of such organizations, among them being the Melita lodge No. 295 of the order of Masons, Knights of Birmingham No. 1, Spring Garden lodge A. O. U. M. and Corinthian lodge No. 9, Order of Sparta. Mr. Brown is also a member of the Union Republican club. He is very quiet, uno-stentatious in his manner but a genial, courteous member of the Senate force and a hard worker. On June 21, 1858, Mr. Brown married Susannah Newsom and is the father of seven children, four of whom are living:. 'i^^c^*- 58 Officers of the Senate. HERMAN P. MILLER, Senate Libra- rian, was born on his grandfather's farm in Fairview township, York coun- ty. Pa., Dec. 15, 1863. When two years of age his parents removed to Harris- burg. His education, which was limited, owing to the early death of his father, was received in the public schools of his adopted cMy. His political career began in 1876, when, at the request of Hon. J. D. Cameron, he was appointed to succeed an elder brother as a page in the Senate of Penn.sylvania. Mr. Miller was reappointed each succeed- ing session until 1879, when he was taken into the office of the Senate Librarian, J. C. Delaney, as an assist- ant. He continued in this position until July 1, 1890, when, upon the resignation of Mr. Delaney, he was -ap- pointed Librarian by the late Hon. Rus- sell Errett, then Chief Clerk. At the opening of the session of 1891 he was re- appointed by Chief Clerk E. W. Smiley for the term of two years, and again ap- pointed January, 1893. Since 1887 he has annually assisted the compiler, Thomas B. Cochran, in the compilation of "SmuU's Hand Book." "> • Officers of the Senate. 59 WC. RODGERS, Message Clerk of • the Senate, was born at Corsica, Jefl'ersou county, Pa., April 2, 1853. The rest of the story of his life is thus told by himself: " By the kind inter- vention of an All-Wise Providence I was thus saved the ignominy of being born on All Fool's Day. I was edu- cated in the common schools until the age of fifteen. At seventeen I was taken from the farm (where I had been bound out) to the academy at Elder's Ridge, Indiana county, to have the finishing touches placed ujion an already magnificent education. I failed to place myself in touch with the faculty, how- ever, and the scheme was not success- ful. I was then bound out to the pro- prietors of the Brookdlle Republican for three years, but long before the time had expired the proprietors aforesaid were only too glad to let loose of me. I have been engaged in selling dry goods, notions, groceries, leasing lands for oil and gas purposes and building oil and gas lines ; I have also engaged (disastrously) in skating rinks, fruit trees, patent washing machines, chemical erasers, subscription books, silverware and albums on the installment plan ; sold pools and refereed prize-fights and boat races. Was not a soldier in the war of 1812 nor in the late serious unpleasantness with the southern states. I did not discover America, New Jersey or the Mississippi River. Was never elected to the United States Senate nor to the Legislature of Pennsyl- vania. I have never been elected or appointed to the offices of State or county treasurer, sheriff, prothonotarj', commissioner, auditor or jury commissioner. I have never edited a newsijaper, sold liquors by wholesale or been a vice-presi- dent of a Democratic County Convention. I have never been a director in any banking institution nor a secretary of a town council. I have never been nor never will be in the ' hands of my friends ' with a nomination for office in the dim and misty distance." Tom Reed, when asked by one of his constituents, "What is a statesman?" replied, "a politician who is dead." So I may some day be great without having to use a lead pencil in my own behalf. 1k^ 60 Officers of the Senate. J' [OHN H. MYERS, the Sergeant-at- Arras of the Senate, was born in Bainbridge, Lancaster county, Decem- ber 27, 1859, and he has never changed his residence. He has actively parti- cipated in politics of that county ever since he attained his majority, and be- fore he had a vote took an interest iu the lively political contests for which Lancaster county has been noted. He received his education in the schools of Bainbridge. but when only fourteen years old di'opped his studies and began clerking in stores. After a few years (if this kind of work he entered the ticket and freight office of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad Company, whose agent was AV'intield S. Smith, remaining in that .service several years. He subse- quently traveled as a salesman for a Philadelphia tirm. Finally he entered the bottling business, in which he has made a widely-extended reputation. He has one of the best establishments in the state, and the soft drinks he manufac- tures have won a popularity second to none in Pennsylvania. He has been en- gaged in the bottling business for thirteen years, and, outside of taking a little political spurt occasionally, he will likely adhere to it. Mr. Myers was Tran- scribing Clerk of the Senate at the regular and special sessions of 1891, and at the request of his numerous friends from Lancaster was selected Sergeant-at-Arms at this session. His present position, as well as that of Transcribing Clerk, he filled with ability. He lias been a member of the Republican State Committee and has represented his party in minor positions of honor iu Lancaster county. Officers of the Senak. 61 117 H. DUNBAR, D. D., Chaplain of the Senate, of Lebanon, Pa., was born January 25, 1852, in North- ampton county. Pa. He is of Scotch ancestry on the father's side and of German on the mother's. His early years were spent iu farm work and in attending the village school. He pri- vately prepared for college and after a full course graduated from Pennsylva- nia College, Gettysburg, in the class of 1871 and from the Theological Seminary of the General Synod of the Lutheran Church in 1874. He was admitted to the ministry in 1873 at Germantown, Pa., and received the degree of D. D. from his Alma Mater in 1892. He was pastor of St. Peter's Lutheran church, at Easton, Pa., from 1874 to 1880, which congrega- tion he organized. He has been pastor of Zion Lutheran church at Lebanon, Pa., since 1880. His present congregation numbers nearly 600 members with a Sunday-school of nearly 800. He was president of the East Pennsylvania Synod of the Lutheran Church for three years, and has been elected a delegate to the General Synod several times and is a delegate-elect to the next convention of that Body to be held in Canton, Ohio, in May. 1893. He is President of the Board of Trustees and chairman of the Executive Committee of the Tres.sler Orphans' Home at Loysville, Pa. Is a member of the Lutheran Board of Publication at Philadel- phia, and a member of the Board of Trustees of Pennsylvania College at Gettys- burg. Rev. Dunbar is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Pennsyl- vania Chautauqua, and has been elected a member of the advisory council on Re- ligious Congresses of the World's Congress Auxiliary in connection with the World's Columbian Exposition, and a member of the Committee on a General Synod Lutheran Congress. He has been appointed to make one of the addresses at the Lutheran Congress and is one of the most eloquent preachers in the State. Mr. Dunbar was married in 1880 to Miss Jennie Chamberlain, of Easton, Pa. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF PENNSYLVANIA. House of Representatives. 65 GEORGE A. VARE, of Philadelphia, for two sessions has represented the First ward in the lower house. He has the distinction of being one of the youngest members ever sent to the Legislature from Philadelphia. He was born iu the old historic district of Southwark on February 7, 1859, but subsequently took up his residence in the First ward, where he began to take an active interest in politics from the time he cast his first vote. Mr. Vare's education was obtained in the public schools. His family has long been identified with public contracts in Philadelphia, and, associated with his brothers, they haAe for several j'ears Ijeen the successful contractors for the cleaning of the streets, the contracts running into the hundreds of thousands of dollars annually. He has been a member of the Republican Ward Committee for a number of years, and is also an active .spirit in the Union Republican Club of his ward, which is known as one of the political institutions of down town. Mr. Yare has been selected as a candi- date for the Legislature solely by reason of his popularity with the young men, he being a concession partially to that element and for the political strength he rep- resentetl. Mr. Vare has served his party as a delegate to city and ward con- ventions, has been a liberal contributor to the finances, and has never held a Federal place, although he has been in a position to command it. He is known as one of the most trusted and tireless lieutenants of Amos M. Slack, the Republi- can leader of the First ward. 66 House of Representatives. ADOLPH BEYERLEIN, Jr., has rep- resented for two years the First district of Philadelphia iu the House. Tliis district comprises the First ward and is one of the most populous in that city. He was born in the Quaker City July 16, 1856, of German parentage. Throughout his youth he attended the public schools, going through several of the grades. He adopted the business of a milk dealer as his life's vocation and has succeeded in building up one of the largest businesses in that line iu the the southern section of the city. Mr. Beyerlein is not a "talking member" of the Legislature, but is attentive in his attendance upon the sessions of the House and his committee assignments. He has long been active in the Repub- lican politics of the First ward and was chosen by his leader as a candidate for the Legislature tor the reason of his popularity and his claim for active service upon the party. The competition for place in so large a ward as the First is naturally fierce and it is a great compliment to Mr. Beyerlein that he should have been chosen by the party leaders twice to fill a place on the legislative ticket. He is an active member of the Union Republican Club of the First ward. His popularity among the younger element of his party is somewhat remarkable as his vote on both occasions, both in the nominating conventions and at the polls, has attested. He has never been an applicant for a Federal place, his private business being such as to render him independent of such. He is a leading member of the Milk Exchange of Philadelphia. House of Representatives. ♦37 HARRY C. RANSLEY, of Philadel- phia, representing the Second ward, is one of those rare instances of a man who sits in the Legislature of Pennsyl- vania who has been sent there for two consecutive terms from an antagonistic rock-ribbed district. Mr. Ranslej' was born on tlie 5th day of February, 1868, in the ward which he represents, and consequently he is one of the youngest men who was ever elected to the Penn- sylvania Legislature. His education was derived in the public and private schools and when attaining his majority he identified himself with his father in the manufacture of gold leaf. In 1890 Mr. Ransley was chosen by the Repub- lican minority in the Second ward to lead a forlorn hope for his party as a candidate for the Legislature in a gubernatorial year. He Avas matched against George McGowen, the recognized leader of the Democracy of his district and a former member of the House. Mr. Ransley's election created a surprise in political circles throughout the commonwealth, his victory by 375 majority over a city and state leader of the reputation of Mr. McGowen being considered a note- worthy event. Mr. Ransley was brought out as a candidate for the State Senate in the First district and loomed up as a formidable competitor for the nomination. Events so shaped themselves, how'ever, as to require his withdrawal when he was re-nominated for the lower house. His popularity was submitted to the strain of a presidential year and, notwithstanding an unprecedented Democratic vote was thiown, Mr. Ransley's majority was increased over his former election, he having 538 majority. Mr. Ransley is a splendid type of the young Republicans who are advancing to the front in the politics of Philadelphia. His loyalty to his friends, his geniality in the social side of life and the popular side he has invariably taken on questions effecting great public questions, are strong points in his individuality. 68 House of Representatives. ALPHONSE RICHARDSON, of Phila- delphia, belongs to the galaxy of 3'onng men in the Quaker City delega- tion which has made the delegation in the House of 1893 remarkable in that respect. He is a native of Philadel- phia, having been born in the old and historic district of Southwark on the 23d day of December, 1863. He passed through the different grades of the public schools, after which he entered mercantile pursuits. Mr. Richardson has been actively a Republican since he first became a voter, and living in a strong and natural Democratic ward he has stood up manfully for his party, his services rendering him so conspicuous as to make him the candidate for the Legislature in 1892. Mr. Richardson for the last dozen years has been a dele- gate to the city conventions of the Re- publican party, and is one of the confidential group of leaders which has out- lined the party policy of the ward. When the Harrison administration came into power and his party secured control of the mint, Mr. Richardson was one of the first Republicans of the city to be selected for a place in that institution. In the Legislature of 1893 Mr. Richardson was cast upon a number of important com- mittees, including Mines and Mining, Public Buildings, Congressional Apportion- ment and Banks. ■9- xiMII^— — "JIIMJB" -d- House of Representatives. m OBERT J. MOORE, of the Fourth ROBERT district, June 20, 1858, and was educated in the l>ublic schools. He learned the trade of printing, and was for a long time a member of Typographical Union No. 2, from which organization he was a dele- gate to the meeting ol the International Typographical Union, held in June, 1886, at Pittsburg. He worked at his trade until he was appointed an auditor in the office of the city controller of Philadelphia, September 21, 1891. Mr. Moore retained this position until his election, in 1892, to the Legi.slature from the Fourth Legislative district, which comprises the Fourth ward, a Democratic stronghold in Philadelphia. Through the active efforts of himself and friends Mr. Moore succeeded in de- feating John Donohue, one of the most prominent Democrats in the district, and who represented the district in the Legislature for many years. The vote for member from the district was as fol- lows : Moore, 1,615 ; Donohue, 638 ; Robbins, the nominee of the County Demo- cracy, 528, Mr. Moore receiving a majority of 451 votes over both his opponents. Mr. Moore has taken an active part in iiolitics since he became of age. Prior to his election to the Legislature he was elected a member of the sectional school board in 1889. He was a member of the State Republican Conventions in 1891 and 1892. He is a member of the Republican City Campaign Committee, and has always had the unanimous support of the Republicans of the Fourth district for any position for which he had been a candidate. He is one of the most active members of the House, and is serving on the most important committees. He takes great interest in all legislation pertaining to Philadelphia, and is always on the alert when the interests of his constituents are at stake. 70 House of Representatives. J ACOB DAVID SCHICK. Represeutu- tive of the Fifth Philadelpliia dis- trict, was born in that city thirty-six years ago. He lia.s long been one of the most influential district leaders of the city, and his power as a Repu])lican politician in the Fifth ward is steadily growing. His father, David Schick, was a piano manufacturer. The family were of German descent, and their thrift gained them a competency. The em- bryo legislator and sagacious counsellor in the city and ward organizations of his party was educated in the public schools of his native city, but, at the age of sixteen, went out to begin his successful business and political career. H*^ '^^^5^^^^^B He became an ice dealer and, while the ' [jjff^ WKKllBk o^vner of the business of the Franklin 'i^S^' ^^ ^WW Ice Company, also conducted a grocery store for about six years. For the last five years he has been in the real estate business. He was a constable of the Fifth ward for seven years, and resigned that position when elected to the House of Representatives of 1891. He was re-elected to the present House by 2,117 votes against only 803 cast for his Democratic opponent, Daniel McCauly. The nomi- nating and other conventions in which Mr. Schick has figured prominently as a delegate would make a long'list. He has been a member of the Republican State Committee for six years. Among the House Committees of which he is a member are those on Labor and Industry, Manufactures, Public Buildings and Geological Survey. His vigorous physical constitution is needed for his untiring application to work in the interest of his constituents. His invariable geniality and fidelity to friends account for his popularity. House of Rejjresentalive.s. 71 JOHN CRUISE, of the Sixth district, was born in Philadelpliia March 4, 1855. He was educated in the public schools in that city. In 1874 he ob- tained a position in a lumber yard and has since been engaged in that business. He was elected a member of the House of Representatives November, 1891, to fill the unexpired term of James Frank- lin, resigned. He was re-elected for full term November, 1892. 72 House of Represerdatwes. HENRY K. BOYER, the Representa- tive from the Seventh district, I'hiladelphia, was born in Evansburg, Montgomery county, Pa., Februar3' 19, 1850, and received his education in the common schools of his native town and in theFreeland Seminary (now Ursinus College) of wliich institution he is now one of the directors. Ui)on leaving that institution Mr. Boyer became a school teacher, which profession he followed for six years, during part of which he was principal of the Kaighn's Point Gram- mar School, Camden, N. J. He resigned his position and adopted law as his permanent profession, and entered the office of the late ex-Attorney General Benjamin Harris Brewster, with whom he read law. He was admitted to the Philadelphia bar in November, 1873, and since then he has followed the practice of his profession, it being a general civil practice, the occasions upon which he has consented to appear in the criminal courts being exceedingly rare. His practice includes considerable of the business transactions of a mercantile character and relating to real estate, and while they have been frequently of great importance they possess no element of public interest. Mr. Boyer is an able and warm exponent of the doctrines of the Republican party, but did not enter active ix>litics until 1882. In the fall of that year he was elected upon the Republican ticket a member of the House of Representatives to represent the Seventh district of Philadelphia by a handsome majority. His work in the House was so satis- factory that his constituents re-elected him, by an increased majority, in 1884. and again in 1886. At the nominating convention in 1888 he was unanimously en- dorsed for another term, to which he was elected without trouble. In 1887 he was elected Speaker of the House by the Republicans, and filled the trying and responsible position with great ability and impartiality. Mr. Boyer's political career has been as clean and prominent as his work at the bar has been snccessful and brilliant. In 1889 he was re-elected Speaker. On both occasions he received the unanimous vote of his party, both in caucus and in the House. In 1889 his election was made unanimous, the first instance of the kind in this State. In 1889 he was unanimously nominated for the office of State Treasurer, and received a majority at the polls of 60,926, though an "off year," and that the only State office to be filled. He is the author of the revenue act of 1891, which passed by a handsome majority in each House Avithout the necessity of a conference com- mittee. In 1892 Mr. Boyer was re-elected to the Legislature. He is chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, a member of the Rules Committee, the Judiciary General and other important committees, He is a ready debater, logical talker and a parliamentarian with few equals in the State. House of Representatives. 78 j; [OHN M. SCOTT, of I'liiladelpliia, was born in that city on September 19, 1858. The first of his ancestors to emigrate to this country was the third son of John Scott, of Ancrum, county of Koxburg, Scotland, who reached here about 1700, and received the rights of citizenship of the city of New York in 1702. He was afterward the command- ant of Fort Hunter, on the river Mo- hawk, in the present county of Scho- harie. The eldest of his children was also named John Scott and died in 1733, leaving one child, John Morin Scott, an eloquent and able lawyer of New York. He was a member of the old Congress of the United States. He was a brigadier general of the New York State militia, in the service of the United States, and Secretary of State of New York. General Scott died in 1784, and was succeeded in his post of secretary, and in his profession, by his only son, Lewis Allaire Scott, of New York, who in turn became the parent of John Morin Scott, of Philadelphia. This John Morin Scott was also a lawyer. He was elected in 1815 to the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania, where he served two or more terms, and was again elected to that body in 1836. He was also a member of the Constitutional Convention of this state of 1837, and took an active part in the debates of that body. In 1841 he was elected mayor of the city of Philadel- phia, and was twice re-elected, holding the otlice for three years. The eldest son of Mayor Scott was Lewis Allaire Scott, who was also a lawyer by profession, and is still living. The subject of this sketch is the eldest child of the last mentioned Lewis Allaire Scott, and his wife, Fanny W., daughter of Kichard Wistar, of Phil- adelphia, Avhose family was also among the early settlers of this country. He received a careful education ; studied law and was admitted to practice in Phila- delphia on November 12, 1881, since which time he has diligently pursued his profession, and has acquired considerable practice. He was twice elected a mem- ber of the Eighth Sectional School Board of his native city, serving two consecu- tive terms. He was elected in the Eighth district of Philadelphia in the fall of 1886 as a member of the House by a handsome majority, and re-elected in 1888 by an increased majority. He was not a candidate for the nomination for the session of 1891, and during these two years devoted himself entirely to the practice of his profession. He was, however, in the fall of 1892, unanimou.sly nominated by his party for the session of 1893, and was elected for a third term. He is a member of the Judiciary General, Federal Relations and other committees of the House and has presented several important bills to the House. He was married in De- cember of 1888 to Mi.ss Anna F. Barker, of Philadelphia, a descendent of the well- known Wharton family of that city.' He is a life member of the Pennsylvania Society of Sons of the Revolution. House of Representatives. r"OURTLANDT K. BOLLES, Kepre- ^ seutative of the Ninth Phihidelphia district, was born in Portland, Me., on May 9, 1865. His father is the Rev. E. C. Bolles, D. D., of New York city, who is of New England ancestry. The son graduated from Tufts College, Massa- chusetts, and, in 1891, from the law ' department of the University of Penn- .sylvania as an LL. B. While a Univer- versity student he also studied law in the office of Biddie & Ward, the head of which firm is George W. Biddie. Mr. Bolles has practiced his profession ever since graduating, but had previously begun journalistic work, at which he spent about a year, at first on New Eng- land newspapers and afterward on the Philadelphia Inquirer. He never held any public office until elected to the House of Representatives in November, 1892. He is in his second year as treasurer of the Ninth ward Republican Execu- tive Committee and is a member of the Union Republican Club and the Young Republicans. As an alternate delegate from the Second Congressional district in the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis, in 1892, he was ardently for Blaine until the latter's nomination was clearly impossible. Mr. Bolles has fre- quently been a delegate in city nominating conventions, latterly as chairman of his ward delegation. His majority of more than 600 over his Democratic opponent for Representative was the largest ever given to anj^ candidate in the Ninth district. He is very active and prominent in the Zeta Psi fraternity, being a meml)er of the Zeta Psi Club of New York, and of several grand chapters of the society. He is chairman of the Executive Committee of the Fish and Game Committee of the House, being a well-informed sportsman with a special leaning to trout fishing. He is also secretary of the Judiciary Local Committee, and a member of the Committees on Accounts, Public Buildings, Judicial Apportion- ment and Military. Among the bills introduced by him are several in relation to laM' procedure and other legal subjects. ]Mr. Bolles is a clear, logical and force- ful public speaker, as was demonstrated bj' his speech in support of the bill for the abolition of the Public Buildings Commission of Philadelphia. The success of the movement for the establishment of the Naval Battalion of Philadelphia, in which [My. Bolles is an ensign, is largely due to his efforts, and he has labored assiduously for the promotion of legislation in the interest of this new and popular branch of the National Guard. Flo use of Representatives. m .:*<-^^^ *ihh \ v~**% mKm^ |^j_ Pp ^imrmtf^ WILLIAM E. LEEDS, one of the Representatives of the Tenth dis- trict (Sixth and Tenth wauls), of Phihi- delphia, has, for a generation, been one of the principal leaders of the Republi- can organization in that city, where he was born on January 31, 1837. His father was a tailor. When eleven years old the boy's public school training ended, and he became emiiloyed in the wholesale grocery business, in which he remained until appointed a letter carrier by Postmaster Walborn in 1861. A year later he was made superintendent of the letter carriers at the Dock Street postoffice. In 1864 he was appointed a deputy sheriff by Sheriff Henry C. How- ell, and was given charge of the personal estate sales. President Grant appointed him collector of internal revenue for the Second Congressional district in 1869, and in 1870 he was elected sheriff of Philadelphia by 6,889 majority. His chief deputy, Enoch Taylor, w^as subsequently chosen sheriff by 29,000 majority. Mr. Leeds was a trustee of the Philadelphia Gas Works continuously from 1866 until the amended city charter took effect, in 1887. He was chosen, in 1864, chairman of the Republican City Campaign Committee, and re-elected every year until 1869, when he resigned during his candidacy for sheriff. In 1877 he was again elected to the Republican City Committee, and in 1880 again made the chairman, which position he held until 1887, when he was once more the Republican nominee for sheriff, with A. J. Maloney as the Republican candidate for city controller. The Republican ticket was defeated, Charles H. Krumbhaar being elected sheriff and Colonel Robert P. Dechert re-elected controller. Mr. Leeds was a member of the House of Representatives in 1887 and 1891, but, in the latter term, resigned to accept the United States marshalship for the Eastern district of Pennsylvania, to which he was appointed by President Harrison. He resigned the marshalship shortly before being re-elected to the present House of Representatives. He has been a member of the Union League for twenty-five years, a member of the Union Republican club since its organization in 1869, and was president of the club for ten years after 1882. He was a delegate to several Republican National Conven- tions, being with the one in Cincinnati, 1876, when he voted first for Hartranft and then for Hayes, for President. Governor James A. Beaver wrote, in 1887 : "There is no man in office, or that has held office, elected on the Republican ticket, within a quarter of a century, but that owes to Mr. Leeds a debt of grati- tude. There is not a Republican voter interested in the success of Republican princijiles and Republican candidates and party supremacy' in state and nation but is under obligation to the skilful, tireless, courageous and fiiithful labors of William R. Leeds." For his famous work, lasting over a year, in managing the successful contests which ousted Democratic officials who claimed to have won in the elections of 1868, Mr. Leeds, who declined pecuniary compen.sation, was the subject of eulogistic resolutions adopted by the Union League. House of Representatives. 'RANK M. RITER, born in Phila- delphia, Pa., May 20, 1855. House of Representatives. ALBERT CRAWFORD, representing the Eleventh district (Eleventh ward) of Philadelphia, was born in that city in the year 1843, October 9. He was educated in the public schools and his occupation is butchering. He first entered the Legislature as member of the House of Representatives in 1874 and served in that session and the ses- sions of 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1883, 1885 and 1893. 78 House of Representatives. HARRY COFFIN is one of the young- est members of the Philadelphia delegation and has the distinction of being a Republican representing a ward that had, for an unbroken line of 3'ears, been represented in the House by a Democrat. He was born in the Third ward of Philadelphia, Novembers, 1865. When a child his parents moved into the Twelfth ward, where he has ever since resided. Mr. Coffin learned the trade of a barber, which occupation, after following for some years, he abandoned to enter commercial life. He received a common school education, but did not graduate. A few years ago he established himself in the flour and feed business at 404 and 406 North Fourth Street and in which he has been largely successful. He is a member of the Philadelphia Commercial Exchange. Mr. Coffin has been an active party spirit in his ward for several j'ears and has served as a delegate to all the important city nominating conventions of his party of late years. He was one of the promoters of the Edwin S. Stuart Club of the Twelfth ward, an influential and flourishing political organization. He has acted as its secretary from its start. He is also a member of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and American Mechanics. For twelve years he has been a meml)er of the Republican Executive Committee of his ward. Last fall he was nominated for the Legislature in opposition to the political boss of the ward, who preferred another candidate. He ran against Charles R. Gentner, who was particularly strong with the Germans, who constitute the bulk of the voters of the district and who had been the Representative for a number of years. Against Gentner's poj^u- larity and the secret influence of the ward leaders which favored Gentner some- what, he was elected \>y 179 majority, being the largest majority ever given a Re- publican candidate in the ward previously. Mr. Coffln is endowed with social qualities of a high degree which makes him exceedingly popular with the younger element of his district. In business his standing and credit is high. House of Bepreseittatives. 79 H, THOMAS DUNLAP, of Phila- delphia, is a native of Bucks t'ouuty. having been born at Kiutuers- ville March 29, 1852, and in 1872 he moved to Philadelphia. His father was a tailor. Mr. Dnulap attended the l)ublic school of his native village until his thirteenth year. At that time the school term, as now, was but tive months of the year. The poverty of his parents compelled him even at that tender age, to seek his own livelihood. He obtained employment as a canal boy on the Lehigh and Delaware canal, which oc- cupation, with its hardships and vicis- situdes, he followed sturdily until his seventeenth year. It was then determ- ined that he should have a trade and he was accordingly apprenticed to a local carpenter, which apprenticeship he faithfully served. Mr. 'Dunlap took a course of two years of instruction in tlie city of Philadeliihia under the direction of the great builder, Richard J. Dobbins, recently deceased. He continued as a trusted employe of Mr. Dobbins for ten years when he embarked in the carpenter- ing business. For fifteen years or more Mr. Dunlap has actively participated in political affairs. He has always been a Republican and made his influence felt in his party in the Thirteenth ward of Philadelphia. Under the administration of President Harrison he was tendered the responsible position of United .States store keeper in the internal revenue department, which position he held for two years and a half While still in that employ he was unanimously nominated as a candidate for the Legislature in his district in the fall of 1892. The vote by which he was elected was a flattering tribute to the esteem in which he was held and of his popularity. While the presidential electors received a majority of 632, that of Mr. Dunlap reached 862. He was the author of bills for the publication of additional advertisements of .sheriff's sales iu German newspapers ; for the ta.x- ation of malt liquor and for the reduction of the fee for brewer's licenses. ]\Ir. Dunlap is the architect of his own fortune, fighting his way up from a poor coun- try lad, thrown upon his own resources at thirteen, to a position of independence, honor and influence in the metronolis of his native state. 80 House of Representatives. W ILLIAM M. KIDD has been one of the fixtures of the Philadel- phia delegation in the House since 1885. He is a native Quaker Cityite, liis birth dating back to March 27, 1839. Since 1885 he has continuously repre- sented the Fourteenth ward, his nomi- nations coming to him without fiction or factional dispute. Standing thus in high esteem with the voters of his dis- trict while other candidates of the reg- ular Republican organization have gone down with the angry tidal waves of re- form that have swept periodicallj' over the city during his active identification with a political career, he has stood like a rock on a storm-beaten coast. Mr. Kidd is an excellent product of the public school system of Pennsylvania, being a graduate of the Hancock Gram- mar School of Philadelphia. For many years he was an active member of the volunteer fire department of the city and enjoyed in it a popularity that has lasted him unto this day. He is now one of the leading spirits of the Survivor's Association of the old department. Since the organization of the latter he has participated as an officer in all the parades and its excursions to other cities. For some time he was attached to the Philadelphia custom house. At the session of the Legislature of 1889 he was chairman of the Committee on Centennial Affairs of the House, and it was largely through his executive ability and his mastery of details that made the trip of the Legislature to the Constitutional Centennial in New York city the great success that it was. Mr. Kidd is engaged in the business of photography and has a flourishing estab- lishment at Atlantic City. He is admired and beloved for the social side of his nature, being a boon companion, straightforward, rigid in his honesty and un- flinching in his friendship. To his friends he is known as "Captain" Kidd, a title that he wears with modesty and equipoise. House of Representatives. 81 W "ALTON PENNEWILL, who is serving his first term in the House of Representatives from the Fifteenth Phihxdelphia district, comprising the Fifteenth ward, is a native Philadel- phian, where he was born February 15, 1861. He narrowly escaped being one of the Blue Hen's Chickens, his parents liaving removed from Delaware to Phil- adelphia at the close of the year 1860. His ancestei's had resided in Delaware from the time of its early settlement, and participated in both the wars of the Revolution and of 1812. Mr. Penne- will acquired his education in the schools of his native city, completing the entire course in the public schools, and graduating from the Central High School in 1878. He then entered the University of Pennsylvania, of which institution he was a graduate of the class of 1881. For an additional year he pursued the study of law, and was ad- mitted to the Philadelphia bar in 1882. He has not heretofore held any public position, but since his admission to practice he has been actively engaged in the ersons confined in private asylums ; defining the rights of landlord and tenant in relation to the erection of fire-escapes. Mr. Stewart was a soldier during the late war, serving in company K, Twentieth Pennsylvania volunteers and company K, Two hundred and Thirteenth Pennsylvania volunteers. He was promoted to lance sergeant for good conduct at Monocacy Junction, Md., April, 1865. 84 House of Representatives. ELIAS ABRAMS, of the Sixteenth ward of Philadelphia, is serving his second term as a member of the House. During these sessions Mr. Abrams, by reason of the alphabetical construction of his name,hasled the roll-call and thereby has led his party in that respect. Com- manding that position in the Legisla- ture, Mr. Abrams has enjoyed the most confidential relations with his party, the House watching for the cue given by his vote. The occupation of Mr. Abrams' lather was that of a carpenter. When a youth Representative Abrams was ap- prenticed to a coachmaker. He mas- tered this trade but drifted into poli- tics. He was appointed to a position in the mint under the administration of President Garfield. He Avas subse- quently appointed general superintend- ent of the third sub-bureau of water of the municipality of Philadelphia. Mr. Arbams bears the distinction of repre- senting a strong Democratic ward, which attests his popularity and his influence. He was born on November 4, 1852. He is a graduate of the public school syste'm of his native city. His father was an active and influential Whig in the old dis- trict of Kensington. Mr. Abrams represents the Sixteenth and Eighteenth wards. On both occasions when he ran for the House he led his ticket. At the session of 1893 be served on the following committees : Insurance, Centennial Affairs, Cor- porations and others. House of Representatives. 85 JOHN H. FOW, the popular and ver- J satile Representative from the Seven- teenth district, Philadelphia, was born in that city June 23, 1851. He is a great-grandson of Matthew Fow, who served in Captain Harmar's company of Colonel De Haas' regiment, the first Pennsylvania battalion raised by order of Conjfress in Philadelphia, October 12, 1775. His mother's grandfather, Lewis Gerringer, was a soldier in the German battalion of Pennsylvania line, and his great uncle, ex- Judge Tyson, was a judge and a representative in Congress from New York. Mr. Fow's mother is still living at the advanced age of eighty-one years. His aunt, the celebrated Catherine Sharp, whose death occurred recently in Philadel- phia, lived to be one hundred and fifteen years old. Mr. Fow is a graduate from the law office of ex- Judge F. Carroll Brewster, and has been practicing at the Philadelphia bar since May 4, 1878. He has twice represented the Seventeenth ward in councils. He was chairman of the sub-committee of the bi-centennial celebration of the .settlement of the State, and was likewise a member of the committee having in charge the celebration of the constitution in 1887. Mr. Fow was the first president of the State Democratic League, and was vice-president for the years 1888, 1889 and 1890. During the years 1882 and 1883 he was a member of the State Democratic Committee. He is one of the Democratic leaders in Penn- sylvania. Mr. Fow has been correspondent of the Philadelphia Eimiing Star since 1888. He is a bright and entertaining writer. He wrote the pamphlet for Presi- dent Cleveland upon the right of the President to remove Federal officials, for which Mr. Cleveland sent him a personal letter of thanks. Mr. Fow made his initial appearance as a member of the House in 1889, and has since been con- tinuously re-elected. He is famous for his quaint speeches, humorous quips and energetic manner in which he advocates all measures enlisting his attention and support. He is a clear and decisive debater, and his powerful arguments bear the undeniable impress of earnest conviction. He labors untiringly in behalf of Philadelphia. In the Seventeenth ward, Philadelphia, where Mr. Fow resides, no man is a greater favorite. He is a man to bitterly oppose crooked tran- sactions whether attempted in the chamber of councils or the halls of the Legis- lature. As a lawyer and legislator he has met with marked success. He is a member of the most important committees of the House and aLso of the executive committee of the Democratic caucus. 86 House of Representatives. 1 OHN ANDREW JACKSON ENNLS, J of the Thirty-first ward, Philadel- phia, was born January 20, 1843, in that section of Philadelphia known be- fore consolidation as the district of Spring Garden. He comes from a dis- tinguished family. His great-grand- father, Richard Ennis, was a soldier in the Continental army, was born in Vir- ginia and participated in several battles of the Revolution. His mother's family were born in the Spring Garden district and his father's people came from Bucks county. Pa. Mr. Ennis secured his education in the public schools of his native city. He passed through the Binney primary school on Tenth street, below Giriard avenue, the secondary at Eleventh and Thompson, the grammar at Eighth and Thompson, and in 1856 Avas transferred to the Randolph Street school, which he left in 1857 to begin the battle of life. He was apprenticed to the trade of a ship carpenter in the famous ship-building yards of Kensington. Although but a youth when the war of the rebellion broke out, Mr. Ennis' patri- otic nature was stirred in defense of the Union and when but eighteen years of age he enlisted, September 15, 1861, in company F, Ninety-first Pennsylvania volun- teers. The hardships of the service were too great for his nature and he was dis- charged from the service on January 12, 1862, for disability. He resumed his occupation in the ship yards. For twelve years past he has been foreman of the ship-fastening department for Charles Hillman & Co., ship-builders of Philadel- phia. Mr. Ennis has been identified with the Republican party since he has had a vote and has taken an active interest in its affairs. He has been a member of his ward executive committee and for five years its vice president, and repeatedly has been a delegate to its city and district conventions. In 1888 he was elected a member of the Legislature and has twice been re-elected. He possesses the confi- dence of the leaders of his district in a marked degree and has always been a pop- ular member of the Philadelphia delegation. House of Representatives. J AMES CLARENCY, one of the three Representatives of the Eighteenth district, Philadelphia, was born at Alle- gheny, Pa., April 1,1849. Hisfatherwas a small farmer and died March 10, 1856, when James was seven years old. The same j'ear the family removed to Phila- delphia where they have since resided. Mr. Clareucy attended the old Harrison Grammar school, on Master street, above Second, in 1858 and 1859. Day schooling ceased in the latter year. During the years 1868, 1869 and 1870 he attended night school at the same building. He also attended the even- ing lectures at the Wagner Free Insti- tute of Science during the winters of 1874 and 1875. He served in the Phila- delphia fire department from January, 1872, to September, 1874, when he re- signed to accept a commercial position. In October, 1879, he entered the house of John "Wanamaker and has been em- ployed there continuously ever since. When a young man he identified himself with building as.sociation interests and is at present secretary of four building and loan associations in Philadelphia, the president of another and a director of three others. For a number of years he has written a weekly letter on this ques- tion for the Philadelphia Evening Star. He was elected a member of the Legisla- ture in 1892 and is a member of the Committees on City Passenger Railways, In- surance, Banks, Accounts, Legislative Apportionment and Retrenchment and Re- form. A number of important bills on the calendar were introduced by Mr. Clar- ency. Among them are the following : Empowering cities and boroughs to ap- propriate money for the payment of firemen in service and of firemen not in ser- vice disabled in the performance of their duties ; a supplement to the insurance laws of the state requiring the insurance companies or associations not incorpo- rated under the laws of the state to pay to the firemen's relief associations organ- ized in the cities, boroughs and townships, an annual bonus on premiums on the insurance eftected within the limits of such cities, boroughs and townships and regulating the collection thereof ; to protect]the holders of mortgages which are not first liens against real estate and to preserve the heir thereof in default of notice of any sheriffs rule on a writ of execution is.sued upon a judgment obtained in a suit in a prior judgment or mortgage or unlevied on bond or warrant accompany- ing a prior mortgage ; appropriating $10,000 to the several Day Nurseries in Phil- adelphia ; appropriating §25,000 to the Kensington Hospital for Women. All of these, except that relative to the holder of mortgages, etc., were passed. Of these measures the first two deserve special mention and have endeared Mr. Clarency to the firemen of the state. During his service in the Philadelphia fire department, having taken his share of the risks incidental to such an occupation, he became impressed with the extraordinary dangers to life and limb which are encountered by men following this class of work, and accordingly he is found at the first ses- sion of which he is a member, introducing and adTOcating ))illsfor the relief of his old comrades and their successors in the fire service. House of Representatives. ALFRED H. RA.VEN, of the Eight- eenth district of Philadelphia, which embraces the celebrated manu- facturing wards of that city, the Nine- teenth and Thirty-first, and which are conceded to represent the greatest tex- tile industrial center of the world, was born in the far-famed district of South- wark in that city, a section which has given to Philadelphia so many men of prominence and fame in every walk in life, on the 27th day of November, 1 850. At that time the district of Southwark was one of the several districts of the city having an independent govern- ment, and which continued until the act of consolidation was passed by the Legislature in 1854. Mr. Raven ob- tained a common school education in the public schools of his native city, and was subsequently apprenticed to the trade of shoemaking which he followed with success. He became a resident of the Nineteenth ward while still a young man, and entered politics there as a division worker. His services brought him to the notice of the party leaders, who had him appointed, in 1887, to the position of meter inspector in the gas depart- ment. His usefulness to his party caused him to be selected, in 1892, from a large field of aspirants, as a candidate for the Legislature, and he polled a flattering vote. Mr. Raven was appointed by Speaker Thompson on the Committees of Elections, Public Buildings and Labor and Industry. 1-^ House of Representatives. WILLIAM H. KEYSER, Represen- tative of the Nineteenth Phila- delphia district, was born in the dis- trict of Spring Garden, Philadelphia, on May 19, 1855. His father, Andrew J. Keyser, was a joiner and worked at his trade in the Philadelphia Navy Yard from 1860 until shortly after President Cleveland's first inaugura- tion ; he was removed from the posi- tion of master joiner of the yard at League Island. James Smallman, who built the engine for Robert Fnlton's first steamboat, was an ancestor of the Representative. Young Ke3^ser was a pupil of the Wyoming Grammar school. After nine years attendance in the pub- lic schools he struck out, when less than fifteen years old, to earn his own living. Hs was employed from 1870 to 1879 in Leary's Old Book Store, Philadelphia, where among his fellow sales-clerks was Edwin S. Stuart, now mayor of that city and proprietor of that store. Mr. Keyser next established at Tenth and Arch streets the widely-known firm of William H. Keyser & Co., wholesale dealers in school books, whose store is now at No. 938 Market street. He was elected to the House of Representatives in Novembei-, 1884, and has served there with marked ability ever since. He was chosen a member of the State Committee in 1888 and in subsequent years. He was secretary of the city convention that nominated Magistrate Develin, and has long been a leader in the politics of the Twentieth ward, his residence having been continuously in the Twenty-ninth division. In the State Convention that nominated Henry K. Boyer for State Treasurer, and also in the convention that nominated John W. Morrison for State Treasurer and General D. McM. Gregg for Auditor General, and the State Convention which named Judge John Dean for the Supreme Bench and General William Lilly and Alexander McDowell for Congressmen-at-large, Mr. Keyser was a hard-working delegate. He was chairman of the committee appointed by the State Convention of 1891 to elect delegates-at-large for the proposed constitutional convention. Mr. Keyser's first eflbrt to be a Representative, in 1882, was made unsuccessful by the movement that elected Robert E. Pattison Governor. Mr. Keyser and Samuel A. Boyle, now assistant district attorney, being defeated for the House by Messrs. Hall and Abbett. In the legislative session of 1887 Mr. Keyser was distinguished as chairman of the Insurance Committee, and engineered the bill that gave Phila- delphia an additional orphans' court judge (Ferguson). He is and has been Jbr three terms chairman of the Committee on Passenger Raihvays. In 1889 he suc- cessively piloted among, other bills, those giving wheelmen right of way, and enabling foreign steamboat and transportation companies to hold real estate ; also the bill known as the general street passenger railway act, to remedy defective and narrowly-drafted laws. The slieritf's fee bill, defeated in 1883 and 1885, was, through Mr. Kej^ser's energy and influence, made a law in 1887. A special tribute to his sagacity and trustworthiness was paid in 1885 when he was the only mem- ber of the Judiciary General Committee who was not a lawyer. Other com- mittees of which he is now a member are the Ways and Means, Insurance, Edu- cation and Geological Surveys. His characteristics are bed-rock common sense, tireless industry and vigilance and fidelity to his friends. 90 House of Representatives. JOHN H. RIEBEL, one of the two J Kepresentatives from the Twentieth ward, Philadelphia, was born in the old district of Northern Liberties on the 7th day of January, 1845. He was edu- cated in the common schools and then went to a trade. Two months after the Confederate guns had shelled Fort Sumpter, inaugurating the war of the Keliellion, Mr. Riebel hastened to the defence of the Union. He enlisted in the United States Marine Corps on the 3d of June, 1861, and served throughout the entire war. After his enlistment he was attached to the sloop of war St. Louis, of the North Atlantic Squadron, which was detailed for duty at foreign stations in the blockade service at the l.'eginning of the strife. He subse- quently saw service on the southern coast and in 1864 participated in the re- occupation of the rebel Fort Sumpter and the raising of the stars and stripes over that stronghold. He was honorably discharged on December 12, 1865. Returning to the paths of peace, Mr. Riebel embarked in the cigar manufacturing business, which he has followed since. He has been an active Republican and a loyal lieu- tenant of David H. Lane, the well-known state and city leader. He has been a member of the ward executive committee for many years and has constantly been elected a delegate to his party convention. It was the unwritten law of his dis- trict, prior to his election to the Legislature, that two terms should constitute a legislative career, but the subject of this sketch has now broken the law twice, having been a member since 1887, which included four .sessions. Mr. Riebel is esteemed for his rare social qualities and his obliging disposition, two qualifica- tions required for success in politics. He is a member of the Masonic order, also of the Senior Order of American Mechanics, the Knights of Pythias and the Junior American Mechanics and Ancient Order of United Workmen. He also holds membership in the E. D. Baker Post No. 8, G. A. R., Union Veteran Legion No. 20, the Fidelity Club, the Union Republican Club and the Republican Club of the Twentieth ward. House of Representatives. 91 WILLIAM L. CASSIN, of the Twen- tieth district, Philadelphia, was l)orn ill Philadelphia May, 1850, and was educated in the private schools of that city. His father, John Cassin, was a native of Media, Delaware county, Pa., where he was born September 6, 1813, and his great grandfather, Joseph Cassin, came to Philadelphia from Queens county, Ireland, in 1725. Mr. Cassin's parents moved to Philadelphia early in this centurj'. Here his father engaged in the lithographic business, being a mem- ber of the firm of J. T. Bowen & Co. He was a member of common and select councils, of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Zoological Society, American Philosophical Society and Pennsylvania Historical Society. He was one of the greatest ornithologists of his day and made the collection of birds at the Academy of Natural Sciences his chief care. At the time of Mr. Ca.ssin's death it was considered to be the finest collection in the world. He wrote much, his prin- cipal works being the " Birds of California and Texas," " Synopsis of the Birds of North America," " Ornithology of the United States Japan Exploring Expedi- tion," "United States Astronomical Expedition to Chili," "Mammalogy and Ornithology of the Wilks Exploring Expedition " and "American Ornithology." He was a fine English, Latin, Greek and Hebrew .scholar and was one of the most di.stinguished naturalists this country has produced. He died in Philadelphia, January 10, 1869, and was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery. Mr. Cassin learned the trade of lithographic printing and after associated himself with the Oak Chem- ical Company, Philadelphia, with which he has since been connected. He has always taken active parts in politics and is a firm believer in the principles of the Democratic party. In 1892 he was elected to the Legislature from a Republican district and is a member of the Committees on Printing, Accounts, Compare Bills and Legislative Committee. He is also a member of the committee to investigate the Philadelphia Electric Light Trust. Mr. Cassin introduced and is interested in the passage of the measures known as the Lloyd's Association bill and the bill compelling pawnbrokers to give a description of the goods pawned with them to the police within twenty-four hours. He is a member of Roxborough Lodge No. 135, F. & A. M., the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the American Legion of Honor, Independent Older of Red Men. the Encampment I. O. O. F. and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, White Cross Castle, K. G. E., and Union Commandery. 92 House of Represerdatives. J OHN T. HARRISON, representing the Twenty-second ward of Phila- delphia in the House, was born in Eng- land on the 8th of March, 1848. Was brought to this country by his parents when five months old. He received his education in the admirable public schools of Germantown, which is an integral part of Philadelphia. His career began with the rebellion. Although a youth of between fifteen and sixteen years he determined to enlist through a patriotic impulse. His eagerness to don the blue was not ap- preciated by the recruiting ofiicers of the Union army stationed in Philadel- phia and the vicinity, who rejected him by reason of his age disqualification and because he could not produce the consent of his parents. The youthful Harrison then journeyed to Baltimore, where he was more successful. On the 13th day of February, 1864, he became a member of company B, Eleventh Maryland, shouldering a musket. He served with distinction until the close of the war and received an honorable discharge. Upon the return to his home Mr. Harrison entered the service of the Philadelphia and Reading railroad, being appointed express messenger on the main line and branches for nine years. While employed in a similar capacity on the Texas and Pacific railway an episode occurred which serves to show the inflexibility of his character. He was injured in a train accident, but was so determined to guard the safe of the express company, containing a large amount of money, that he refused to leave it until considerable time after, and then only upon the ap- pearace of the proper officials. The delay in receiving surgical treatment caused Mr. Harrison to spend .seven months in a hospstal. Mr. Harrison is a prosperous and wide-awake manufacturer at Germantown, which is a busy hive of industry. He is a member of the firm of Harrison &, Maltratt, hosiery manufacturers. He is a member of the Masonic Order and of Ellis Post No. 6, G. A. R. Mr. Harrison has been an active Republican since his return from the army. He has served as delegate to party conventions and as a member of the ward committee. He was elected to the Legislature in 1892, after a memorable contest, Herbert Walsh President Cleveland's Indian Commissioner and a well-known reformer, running as a third candidate in the hope of diverting the Republican vote. Mr. Harrison was elected by almost the regulation party majority, which was a splendid testi- monial of the appreciation in which he is held by people of the Twenty-second ward. House of Representatiuei<. 93 DANIEL MANNING COLLAMEK, Representative of the Tweuty- secoud district, Philadelphia, is, as his father was, a contractor and builder, having been engaged in the business ever since he learned the trade. He was born in New York City in 1856. His mother was a descendent of Pil- grim immigrants in the Mayflower, and his father's ancestry, originally Ger- man, is American for over two hundred and fifty years. His parents removed from Salem, Mass., to Philadelphia, about forty years ago. His father's xmcle, Jacob Col lamer, was United States Senator from Vermont, a judge at Woonsocket, Vt., and, subsequently, Lincoln's postmaster general. The ma- ternal great-grandfather of the Repre- sentative was a brother of Daniel Web- ster's mother. Mr. Collamer attended the Philadelphia public schools until he was thirteen years old, when he started life's battle as an errand boy around building operations. He was a member of the Philadelphia Board of Education for about two years, resigning to become a member of the present Legislature. He secured from city councils $20,000 for an addition to the Fairhill school and $40,000 for the new school at Coopersville. In a district with an average Republican majority of 600 he was elected Representa- tive as the Republican candidate, in November, 1892, by 812 majority over the strongest Democrat who could have been nominated against him, ex-Councilman Frank A. Hartranft. a relative of the late General John F. Hartranft, although there was factional trouble among the Republicans of the district at that time. He is a member of the House Committees on Education, Judicial and Congres- sional Apportionment and Eetrenchment and Reform. He was largely instru- mental in defeating the plan to make the basis of distributing the school fund, the number of months spent in teaching and the number of divisions or single schools. He introduced the bills to make election day a legal holiday, to abolish the travel- obstructing gate of the Fifth and Sixth Streets railway at Lehigh and Kensington avenues, to extend to five years the term of contracts for cleaning streets and ■collecting ashes and garbage in Philadelphia, and to enable the sureties of build- ing inspectors to be released. He has been a leader in the battles for rapid transit in his city, and advocated making Saturday afternoon throughout the year a legal half-holiday. He engineered, in the House of Representatives, the bill empower- ing mechanics and laborers In and around buildings in course of construction or repair, to bring levies against the property for wages. Besides serving as a dele- gate in state and local conventions, he was chairiuan of the Republican Magistrate •Convention in 1891. Seven political clubs, including those of his own district and the Anti-Cobden and Tom Reed clul)s, have him as a member, and he is Past Master ot Apollo Lodge 386, ex-Past High Priest of Corinthian Chapter 250 (Masonic), a member of Corinthian (Jommandery 53, K. T., a past officer of Delta Castle, Knights of the Golden Eagle, and a member of Kensington Lodge I. O. O. F. Mr. Collamer is a concise and forcible public speaker. 94 House of Representatives. WILLIAM LITTLEY, of the Thirty- tifth ward, Philadelphia, eujoys the distinction of more nearly repre- senting himself than any other member of that delegation, perhaps. He was nominated for the present session against the command of the powerful combina- tion that controls the Republican pol- itics of Philadelphia, against the leaders of his district and of great and rich cor- porations. The subject of this sketch was born in Birmingham, England, July 3, 1855. When at the age of fifteen he accompanied his parents to this country, they settling in Philadelphia. Soon after he was articled as an apprentice to the trade of a wagon blacksmith and at the completion of his trade entered the employ of the Disston Saw Works, then located in the Kensington district. He was assigned to the drop forging depart- ment. He followed these great works when they were moved to Tacony, in the Twenty-third ward, and was made foreman of his department. His skill as a workman and his inventive genius led him to suggest and to invent improvements in this department which actually doubled its output. His services thereby be- came invaluable to the firm, so much so that its operations were turned over to him under a contract. No man has a higher standing in the Disston Saw Works than he. Mr. Littly identified^himself with the Republican party when he came of age. He has been a member of the ward committee for a number of years, a delegate to many city nominating conventions and a factor in the political affairs of the ward. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, the Knights of Sparta and the Red Men. He was largely instrumental in the organization of the Tacony Republican Club and is an active member of the Union Republican Club, the cen- tral Republican club organization of the city. He is a member of the House Com- mittees on Corporations and Centennial Affairs. He swept the primaries for the nomination after one of the biggest contests the ward probably ever witnessed. >^ House of Representatives. 95 SAMUEL PELTZ, Representative of the Twenty-fourth Philadelphia, district, is one of the ablest of the younger members of the Legislature, and, although this is his first term at law-making, has already won distinction as a calm, logical, forceful speaker and an industrious and sagacious worker. Mr. Peltz was born in Philadelphia on September 9, 1860. His father, Eichard Peltz, is deputy clerk of the quarter sessions of Philadelphia, an ex-member of the city councils and one of the Pub- lic Building Commissioners to whom special tributes of respect were paid by members of the jjresent Legislature in their fight to abolish that commission. The paternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch was a member of the House of Representatives in 1830. The grandson was educated in private schools and the University of Pennsylvania, graduating from the college depart- ment of the latter institution in 1880. He studied law with the late William Nelson West, city solicitor of Philadelphia, and Henry J. McCarthy, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1882. He has practiced his profession ever since in his native city, mainly in civil cases, but very successful at the criminal bar also. He was assistant city solicitor from 1882 to 1884, and solicitor of the Public Buildings Commission for nearly four years, resigning the latter position to be a candidate for Representative. He served as a delegate in numerous nominating conventions, particularly those for judges and city solicitor. In November, 1892, he was elected Representative by a majority of about 2,700 over his Democratic opponent, Charles M. Beitenmiller. He is a member of the House Committees on Judiciary Local, Constitutional Reform, Judicial and Congressional Apportionment and Centennial Aflfairs. Among the bills introduced by him are those making appro- propriations to the Blind Men's Home, Western Temporary Home and Western Home for Infants, and several bills relating to practice in the courts of common pleas. His ability as a presiding officer has been shown in temporarily acting as Speaker of the House, and his extensive legal knowledge and forensic skill were displayed in his leadership, on the side of the Public Buildings Commission, of the discussion on the bill to abolish that body. Besides being enrolled in several local political clubs, including the Lincoln and Belmont Clubs of the Twenty- fourth wards, Mr. Peltz is a member of the Young Republicans and the Union League. 96 House of Representatives. GEORGE W. WEISSHAAR, who, in part, represents the Twenty-fourth district of Philadelphia, was 1x)rn in that city March 31, 1860. When nine years old he went to Newark, Illinois, where he attended the Newark Acad- emy for two years. He returned to Philadelphia at the expiration of that time, attended the Fayette Grammar school and after having graduated de- voted three years and a half to the acquirement of additional education in the Central high school at Broad and Green streets. Soon after he left the institution he entered the Carleton Print Works and was employed as a finisher, remaining in the establishment five years. He then made his home at Stott- ville, Columbia county. New York, where he passed eighteen months and from which place he again went to Philadelphia. On his return to his native city he entered the employ of Bement, Miles & Co., the owners of the most extensive tool works in the United States. He started with the firm as a clerk but was gradually promoted until made pay- master, which position he continues to hold. He has been in the service of the company for twelve years. Mr. Weisshaar has never held any office but the one to which his constituents elected him by about 2,700 majority, but he has been a delegate frequently to conventions of the Republican party in Philadelphia. He served in the House on the Banks, Military, Pensions and Gratuities and other committees. His father was a carriage-maker, and his ancestry dates back to Wirtemburg, Germany. House of Represeniatives. 97 T OSEPH G. EICHMOND, one of the J Representatives of the Twenty-fifth district, although of Philadelphia par- entage on his mother's side, was born in Youkers, N. Y., February 4, 1857. Mr. Kichmond's mother was Miss Sarah M. Gilmore. His father is a well and wide- ly-known business man, having been in the wholesale and retail grocery busi- ness for the last fifty years. Mr. Rich- mond's early education was obtained in the public and private schools of Yonk- ers, N. Y., and Newark, N. J., and the famous High School of Mont Clair, N. J. From the time of leaving school until a few years ago he had always been en- gaged -with his father in the grocery business. He is now with Koons, Schwarz & Co., wholesale grocers, Phil- adelphia. Since coming of age Mr. Richmond has ever been active in poli- tics, having attended as a delegate all the ward and city conventions for which he was a candidate, and was chairman of too many ward conventions to remember. He was a delegate to the state convention which nominated General Beaver and Lieutenant-Governor Davies for the second time. He was also chairman of the congressional convention which sent Mayor Stuart and Congressman H. H. Bing- ham as delegates to the National convention which nominated General B. H. Har- rison for President the first time. He has been a member of the House of Repre- sentatives three times, in the sessions of 1889, 1891 and 1893. At the last time that he was chosen he had a higher vote in the district than any other candidate on the ticket with him. Mr. Richmond has also achieved prominence in secret society circles, Ijeiiig a member and past master of Mozart Lodge No. 436, F. & A. M.. Caledonia Lodge No. 700, I. O. O. F., and Aurora Castle No. 15, K. G. E. He is also a member of the Young RepuV>lican Club of Philadelphia. He was cap- tain of its Company O in the campaigns of 1884, 1888 and 1892, and for several years served on its l)oard of directors. Mr. Richmond has acquired prominence in the present House by his championship of the Penrose bill and has made himself solid with his constituents as well as by the interest which he has taken in other bills which Avere purely local in their effects. 98 House of Representatives. ROBERT SMITH, who was elected to represent tlie Twentj'-sixtli ward, now divided into the Twenty-sixth and Thirty-sixth wards, is one of the young- est members of the House of Represent- atives. He was born in the ward which he now represents in the Legis- lature and will not have rounded out thirty years of life until June 13 of the present year. He was born in Philadel- phia and is of Irish descent. His father also acquired prominence in the administration of alfairs in Philadelphia and at one time occupied a responsible position under the municipal govern- ment in the Bureau of Gas. Mr. Smith is one of the many Philadelphia Repre- sentatives whose education has been obtained in the public schools of his native city. He early entered mercan- tile life, first in the grocery business, but shortly afterwards went into the clothing business. After remaining for sixteen years in the employ of Wanaraaker & Brown, he joined the forces of AV. H. Wanamaker, with whom he yet retains a position. Mr. Smith, ever since his majority, has been very active in Republican politics in his ward and is looked upon as one of Mayor Stuart's direct Representatives on the floor of the House. For several years he has been a member of his ward executive committee. He was oife of the incorporators of the Harmony Legion, of Company T, of which he was captain in the presidential campaign of 1888. He has been a member of the school board of the Twenty-sixth ward, from that portion which has been cut off to form the Thirty-sixth ward, and is a director of the Young Men's Republican Club of that ward. In 1891 he was elected without opposition to fill the unex- pired term of John M. Smith in the House and was re-elected for the full term in 1892 by a majority of 2,600. Mr. Smith is serving as member and secretary of the. Committees on Congressional Apportionment and of Mines and Mining, and as a member of the Committees on Pensions and Gratuities and Constitutional Reform. Mr. Smith's society relations are very extensive at home and include membership in Lodge No. 3, V. & A. M. ; American Star Lodge, I. O. O. F. ; Triumph Lodge, K. of P., of which he is past chancellor ; American Star Lodge, A. P. A.; Reli- ance Council, Jr. O. U. A. M., and Court Columbus, A. O. of Foresters. House of Representatives. 99 SAMUEL CROTHERS, who repre- sents the district comprising the Twenty-seventh ward, West Philadel- phia, is one of the prominent young members of the House of Representa- tives, and has acquired distinction at tlie present session as the champion of rapid transit measures endorsed by a town meeting of the citizens of Phila- deljihia, Mr. Crothers was born in Phil- adelphia county on October 12, 1856, when the word "county" as attached to Philadelphia indicated a large area of rural territory. Mr. Crothers' father was a farmer and dairyman of the suc- cessful kind. At as early an age as the law allowed he started oft" to the public schools the lad who was subsequently to attain distinction as the Representa- tive of his neighbors, first in the muni- cipal legislature and later in the law- making l)ody of the state. For ten years young Crothers pursued the studies pre- scribed, when his desire to enter upon the active field of business life was yielded to by his parents. He learned the trade of marble worker in all its branches, and as soon as he reached the line which the law draws between youth and manhood he entered upon an active career in the marble business for himself, and became an extensive employer. In this business he remained for eight years, when he recognized the enormous strides which Philadelphia Avas making in house build- ing and he embarked in the real estate business, at Avhich he has been successful and in which he is now engaged. Upon his entering into political life Mr. Crothers. was chosen to represent his ward in common councils, and was re-elected twice. While serving his third term he resigned to become a member of the Legislature of 1891. There was no opposition to his nomination last fall, and the Democrats, recognizing the futility of opposition to his election, made no nomination for the office. Mr. Crothers' Committees in the present IEMON. who is serv- ith term in the House of liepreseutatives from Allegheny county, was born in the adjoining county — Westmoreland — iu June, 1844. He was educated in the common and private schools of the state. He has a credit- aljle war record of which he is justly proud. Mr. Lemon enlisted iu the gal- lant One hundred and Fifty-fifth Penn- sylvania volunteers, commanded by Colonel Pearson. He was severely wounded in 1864, at the battle of the Wilderness, and was discharged by reason of his wounds. Of the One hun- dred and Fifth-fifth it is of record that the last man killed during the war was Private Harrison, of company I, in the skirmish line in front of Richmond. Mr. Lemon is one of the most active as well as popular members of the Grand Army of the Republic, being connected for many years with one of the largest Posts of Pittsburg. He is also a member of Union Veteran Legion No. 1. the oldest organ- ization of the kind in the United States. He is serving his second term on the Soldiers' Orphan School Commission of Pennsylvania, an evidence that his com- rade in arms and the state officials place implicit confidence in his ability and in- tegrity. At his home Mr. Lemon has been honored with the presidency of the South school board. Second ward, Pittsburg, for four consecutive years. He was a delegate to the State Republican Convention in 1855 and has filled other offices of trust with marked credit and ability. He is by occupation a travelling sales- man, and has the essential qualities about him which make up an active business man, an alert legi,slator and a social, agreeable gentleman. Mr. Lemon has intro- duced a large number of bills, among them one appropriating $15,000 for the Ladies' G. A. R. Home at Hawkins' station, and another making an appropria- tion of $10,000 to the Newsboy's Home, Pittsburg. He is a tireless committe worker and is one of the most active members of the House Committees on Appro- priations, Corporations and Legislative Apportionment. Mr. Lemon is chairman of the House Military Committee. House of R>'preseiiU(iii'<'S. Ill ARCHIBALD MACKKELL, who, with representative Leiuon. repre- sents the Third district of Allegheny county, was born in Pittsburg, August 26, 1858. After having received the benefits of a common school education he learned steel hammering, which busi- ness he has followed ever since. He has a position in the Labella steel works in Allegheny City, in which he has been employed the past six years. His can- didacy for a seat in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives was his tirst political venture, and as he had no op- position for the nomination he had more luck than is possessed by aspirants for political positions generally. His elec- tion was almost as easily accomplished as his nomination, as he triumphed at the polls by a large majority. Although this is Mr. Mackrell's first term in the House he has attached to himself numerous warm personal friends, who wish him many returns to the Legislature. He was appointed by Speaker Thompson on the Committees on Corporations, City Passenger Rail ways, Education and Printing, to all of which he gave the closest attention possible. He introduced a number of bills, among them the bill enlarging the jurisdiction of justices of the peace and alder- men by allowing them to charge a fee for the tiling and copying of claim deeds. ~#*ks^t- 112 House of Representatives. y 'OHN KEARNS, who for two terms has enjoyed the distinction of being; the solitary Democrat of the Allegheny county delegation, is one of the most hard-working and popular members of the House of Representatives. He was born May 10, 1856, and received his edu- cation in the public schools. He has been engaged in Pittsburg's great iron and steel industry for the past twenty years. At the election of November, 1892, Mr. Kearnswas returned without opposition. He is a member of the Committees of Municipal Corporations, Citj^ Passenger Railways, Ways and Means and Banks. On all of these bodies he is recognized as a force, because of his clear ideas and close application to business. Mr. Kearns does not pose as an orator, but when necessary makes a succinct and logical statement to the House that seldom fails to effect its object. He has given particular attention to the legisla- tive needs of the workers who form a large portion of his constituency. Early in the session he introduced a bill aimed at Pinkertonism and similar evils, and at the proper time secured a special order for its consideration in the House, making an argument which secured its passage practically without opposition. Mr. Kearns has also been making a plucky and determined struggle for the modiiica- tiou or repeal of the law prohibiting the manufacture and sale of oleomargerine, and hopes yet to see his elibrts crowned w^ith success. He has several other measures of considerable importance which have been progressing favorably. Mr. Kearns has alwaj'S taken an active part in the politics of Pittsburg, where his hosts of friends have rendered him a powerful factor in local struggles. At the Capitol his qualities of earnestness, candor and honesty have obtained for him the respect of his colleagues, and for a minority member have given him a wide in- flueuce for general legislation. House of Representatives. 113 SAMUEL MARTIN LAFFERTY, the senior member of the Allegheny county delegation, is a native of Elder's Ridge, Indiana county, and is in the sixtieth year of his age. He was edu- cation in the common schools of the State and is now extensively engaged in the live stock business. Mr. Lafferty is serving his sixth consecutive term in the House of Representatives, which is of itself proof of his popularity among his constituants whose Avishes and busi- ness interests have at all times been his first consideration during his legislative career. At the organization of the pre- sent session he was honored by the members of the Allegheny delegation with the nomination for Speaker of the House, a position which he is capable of filling with credit and ability. Mr. Lafferty is chairman of the Allegheny delegation and has always taken a deep interest in legislation affecting Pittsburg and Western Pennsj'lvania. He is chairman of the House Committee on Munici- pal Corporations and a member of the Committees on Insurance, Iron and Coal, and Vice and Immorality. Mr. Lafferty was a boatman on the Pennsylvania canal, running on section boats from Pittsburg to Philadelphia, from 1847 to 1852. lu 1879, he was elected a member of select council, Pittsburg, at the expiration of his term he was re-elected, serving until 1883, when he resigned to enter the Legislature* JJe is a firm be- liever in the doctrine of John Wesley, and with his wife and stQOl^ worship at the Emery Methodist Episcopal church, Pittsburg. For many years b^ has been ac- tively engaged in politics, always looking after the interests of the Republican party. He is a prominent member of the Masonic Paternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and other secret orders. He stands high in the Odd Fellows and has occupied all the important positions in its circles. Mr. Lafferty has resided in the Fifth Legislative district, which he represents, since 1864, before it was embraced in the city limits of Pittsburg and was known as East Liberty. He is not given to making long speeches on the floor of the House, but when he rises to speak he is always sure the attention of the entire House. He is an indefatigable worker and one of the most popular, yet reassur- ing members of the Legislature. Wf lU House of Representatives. W 'ILLIAM M. CULBEKTSON, a Eepreseutative from the Fifth district of Allegheny county, was bora in Westmoreland county, 1856. Be- fore he was a year old his family re- moved to Pittsburg, in which city he has since resided. He was educated in the schools of Pittsburg and in the Western University, which institution he left in 1875. He was employed in a book store subsequently for several years, when he took a course in the National School of Elocution in Phila- delphia to develop a talent which he possessed. Mr. Culbertson is not a de- bater, but established a good reputation as an elocutionist in his cit3% and taught the art for several years. He is now connected with a firm engaged in the real estate business, conveyancing and examination of titles. Mr. Culbertson began the study of law with the firm of Moreland & Kerr, of Pittsburg, but he abandoned the idea of connecting himself with the profession. He represented his district in the common council of Pittsburg for seven years. In 1890 he re- ceived his first nomination as a candidate for the House, and his constituents ap- preciated his services so well that they sent him back to the Legislature. At the session of 1893 he was on the Corporations, Insurance, Legislative Apporiontment and other Committees. The priucijjal bills he introduced provided for the creation of a state board of dental examiners, the object of which was to protect the public from the operations of incompetent practitioners, and to authorize notaries public to satisfy themselves as to the identity of persons making acknowledgments to legal documents. Of Mr. Culbertson it may be truthfully said that Allegheny county never sent a more popular man to the Legislature. y^s^- -*^ House of Representatives. 115 D AVID ENGLAND WEAVER, who part, represents the Fifth district of Allegheny county, was born iu Steuben ville, Jefterson county, Ohio, December 9, 1848. He attended the schools of his native city until thirteen years old, and after working a short time on a farm he entered the Stenbenville and Indiana railroad shops for the pur- pose of becoming a machinist. The es- tablishment having been removed about two years after he had started his ap- prenticeship he connected himself with the works of the company at Denuison, Ohio, where he was employed six months when he entered the Pittsburg Locomo- tive Works at Manchester and finished his trade. This was in 1866. Two 3'ears subsequently he became an em- ploy^' of the American Iron Works and filled the position of machinist and roll turner until April, 1874, when he was appointed a storekeeper in the United States revenue service, which place he held until the fortunes of politics compelled him to surrender it to a Democrat selected under the administration of President Cleveland. Mr. Weaver then resumed work in the American Iron Works until the people of his district elected him to represent them in the Legislature in 1888. Not satisfied with thus complimenting him they have repeated the operation twice, and the beneficiary of their partiality seems to enjoy the bi-ennial perform- ance. During the recesses of the Legislature Mr. Weaver has been employed in the Allegheny county commissioners' office as state clerk. At the session of 1893 he served on the Committees on Municipal Corporations. City Passenger Railways, Judicial Apportionment, Library and Vice and Immorality. 116 House of Representatives. EMMETT EMERSON COTTON, one of the members of the House who have given this body the distinction of being the ablest in its history for many years, was born April 4, 1854, in West Brownsville, Washington county, Pa. In his youth he alternated between the Avorkshop and the public schools, and a part of his education was imparted by private tutors. He read law with Messrs. Moreland & Kerr and was an apt student. On June 12, 1877, he was ad- mitted to the bar of Allegheny county, has been in active and successful prac- tice ever since and stands high with the legal fraternity of Pittsburg. He was counsel for the guardians of the poor of that city in 1883, 1884 and 1885. and is a member of the law firm of Cotton & Holman. Mr. Cotton is thoroughh' fiimiliar with legal questions, and legis- lation involving them is readily and clearly discussed by him. He is recognized by his colleagues as a keen, logical and convincingdebater on all subjects In which he takes any interest. Two years ago he had charge in the House of the Street Improvement bills, jjarticularly affecting Pittsburg, which became laws and have been put in operation and declared constitutional by the supreme court. At the session of 1893 he participated prominently in the discussion of the bill to provide revenue by the taxation of banks and offered an amendment to protect the interests of the State. Mr. Cotton, in 1877,ran on the Greenback-Labor ticket in Allegheny county for assistant district attorney, and although defeated by the Republican can- didate for the office, carried the strong Republican Senatorial district in which he resides. He remained in the ranks of the Greenbackers for several years, and in 1881 presided at the convention of that party which nominated Thomas A. Arm- strong, of Pittsburg, for Governor of Pennsylvania. In 1884 he stumped West Virginia for James G. Blaine for President of the United States. He was elected to the House of 1891 and re-elected last fall. His father was a native of Virginia and located in Pennsylvania in 1803. Representative Cotton, at the session of 1893, was a member of the General Judiciary and other important committees of the House. "^M House of Representatives. 117 JOHN WOODS NESBIT was born in J Sc South Fayette township, Allegheny county, Pa., May 12, 1840, and is of ^icotch-Irish descent, his grandfathers, John Nesbit and Stephen Woods having emigrated to this country aliout the year 1790 from the north of Ireland. His lather, James McConnell Nesbit, and mother, Ann Eliza Woods, settled on the old homestead farm in South Fay- ette township in 1839. John W. was raised on the farm and educated in the common schools, working on the farm until August 23, 1862, when he enlisted as a private in D company. One hun- dred and Forty-ninth regiment, Penn- sylvania volunteers, which regiment was assigned to the " Bucktail brigade, " commanded by Colonel Roy Stone. He served in the Army of the Potomac un- til the close of the war, taking part in every engagement from the raid to Port Royal, to the flank movement at Dobney's mills, including Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, The Wilderness, Laurel Hill, North Alma. Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania, Petersburg and the Weldon railroad fight at Yellow Tavern. He was mnstered out as a sergeant June 24, 1865. At the close of the war he resumed forming as a business, and has continued in that business, in connection with insurance and contracting, up to the present time. He was nominated for Assembly on the Republican ticket and elected from the Sixth Alle- gheny Legislative district ; in 1880 re-elected for session of 1882. He served on the Committees of Ways and Means, Agriculture, Vice and Immorality, Railroads, Manufactures and others during these sessions, and as chairman of the Committee on Insurance during the sessions of 1891 and 1893. During the session of 1891 he was ai)])ointed by the Speaker of the House as a member of the committee to investigate the management of the Soldiers' Orphan Schools of the State, and January, 1893, appointed member of the Board of Trustees of the Pennsylvania Soldiers and Sailors' Home at Erie, Pa. He entered the National Guard of Pennsylvania August 14, 1875, as captain of company C, Fourteenth regiment, and still retains the position. He served six weeks at Pittsburg and Scranton during the riots of 1877, four months at Johns- town after the flood of 1889 (in charge of the military force on duty there), and two weeks at Homestead in July, 1892, the regiment being on duty there. Mr. Nesbit is a member of the Presbyterian church at Oakdale, Allegheny county; is active in local enterprises; assisted in the organization of the Oak Mutual Insur- ance Company April 21, 1874, and has been secretary of the company since that time; is a member of the Melrose Cemetery Company at Bridgeville; member of the Board of Directors Oakdale Academy Association, secretary of the Oakdale Cemetery Company, president of the Oakdale Armory Association, and at the head of the Oakdale Insurance and Real Estate Agency. He resides in Oakdale borough and manages his various interests from that point. 118 House of Representatives. MATTHEW McLANAHAN WILSON was born June 8, 1831, in Elizabeth township, Allegheny county, Pa. His father was a farmer and both his par- ents were of Scotch-Irish blood and Presbyterians by faith. They removed from Adams county, Pa., in 1784, to what was theu the western frontier, but is now Allegheny county. Pa. Mr. Wilson received his education in the common schools and engaged in the oc- cupations of farming and milling on the i-Avm on which he was born and con- tinued until 1887, since which time he has been in the livery business in the famous town of Homestead, Pa. Cap- tain Wilson, in August, 1862, unlisted as a private in company D, Fourteenth regiment, Pennsylvania cavalry. He was commissioned second lieutenant at the organization of the company, and afterwaid promoted successively to the positions of first lieutenant and captain. He was mustered out with the regiment at Fort Leavenworth in August, 1865, having served in the campaigns of Averili, Hunter and Sheridan. He also served as military inspector of cavalry and artillery horses in the department of West Virginia, by order of Secretary of War Stanton. He is a member and last year Avas commander of Post No. 207, G. A. R., at Homestead and is a member of Camp No. 1, Union Veteran Legion, at Pittsburg. Captain Wilson has occupied the offices of school director, taking an active interest in the school system, as town- ship assessor and burgess of the borough of Homestead. He was elected a mem- ber of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, from the Sixth Allegheney district, in November, 1892, by a flattering majority, his vote being the highest polled in the district. The complete vote was as follows: Wilson, 7,217; Nesbit, 6,997; Lynch, 5,681; Stevenson, 5,352; Campbell, 148; Conway, 142; Cole, 335; Stark, 266. Captain Wilson is a member of the Committees on Legislative Appointment, Pensions and Gratuities, Iron and Coal, Centennial Affairs and Mines and Mining. He is the author of the bill appropriating !{^163,000 for the complete re-equipment of the National Guard of Pennsylvania, in conformity with the equipment of the soldiers of the regular army of the United States, which passed both Houses early in the session. He has been noted as one of the most attentive members to his legislative duties in the House during the session of 1893. House of Representatives. 119 JOSEPH T. RICHEY, one of the rep- J resentatives iu the House from Alle- gheny county, was born November 29, 1844, in Economy township, Beaver county, Pa. His father was one of the founders of the Kepublican party in Lafayette Hall, Pittsburg, and his grandfather participated in the revolu- tionary war. Shortly after Representa- tive Richey's advent into the world his fixther removed with his family to Alle- gheny county. When a boy the subject of this brief sketch worked on a farm. He received a common school education and subsequently learned carpentry and engineering. At the age of twenty -two years he was married. In 1869 he as- sumed charge of the carpenter work and repairs at the Dixmont hospital and in 1874 he was promoted by being ap- pointed engineer of gas and water works at the same institution. From 1874 to 1882 he acceptably filled the position of postmaster at Dixmont. He was also ticket and freight agent for eight years. He has been president of the school board of Kilbuck township for the past fifteen years. In 1882 he was appointed deputy sheriff by William McCallin, which place he has held ever since. In 1886 he was appointed director of the poor of Allegheny county, and in 1887 elected to the same oflice for three years, followed in 1890 by a re-election for a similar term to the same office. He has always been an active Republican and has the confidence of his constituents without regard to party. His course in the House has uniformly met the approval of those who sent him to the Legislature. He is a member of the Committees on Agriculture, Counties and Townships, Education and Library. 120 House of Representatives. SAMUEL WALLACE, representing the Seventh district of Allegheny county, was born in the part ot Pine township, which is now McCandlass township, Allegheny county. Pa., in the district he now represents, on May 31, 1839. Mr. Wallace's father was one ot the pioneer settlers in the northern part of Allegheny county, having located, with his father, on a farm in that part of Pine which is now McCandlass town- ship in the year 1798, and lived there until his death in his eighty-seventh year. The elder Wallace was American by birth and of Scotch-Irish descent. He was a justice of the peace for many years. Mr. Wallace's mother was born in Ireland, but came to America in her early youth. She lived to the ripe age of ninety-one years. Mr. Wallace was educated iu the common schools. At the beginning of the civil war he enlisted, on April 24, 1861, in company G, Fourteenth regiment, Indiana volunteers, being at that time temporarily located in that state. Ee-enlisted in the Fourth Penn- sylvania cavalry, and was honorably mustered out of service at the close of the war. He is a charter member and past commander of Gen. A. A. Humphreys Post 545, Department of Pennsylvania, G. A. R. Mr. Wallace was transcribing clerk of the House during the session of 1873 and 1874 and speaker's clerk of the Senate of the session of 1877. From that time until 1880 he was engaged in farming, and since then has given his attention to insurance, and the oil and natural gas busi- ness. Mr. Wallace is a member of the Milvale borough school board and has been president of the board the last two terms. He was elected to the Legislature in 1892 by a handsome majority, the vote of the district being, Wallace, R., 5,607 ; Richey, R., 5,531; Robinson, D., 3,060. Mr. Wallace is a member of the Commit- tees on Education, City Passenger Railways, Bureau of Statistics and Compare Bills. The bills he has introduced this session are all local. House of Representatives. 121 ^ JKL JHBHfefe SAMUEL EAKIN STEWART, rep- resenting the Eighth Legislative district of Allegheny county, was born in Allegheny City, Pa., June 30, 1856. His father was a farmer of American birth and ol Scotch -Irish origin, and was a college mate of the late Hon. James G. Blaine at Washington — Jefter- son college. His youth was spent on his father's farm in Allegheny county. He was educated in the common schools and at Washington and Jefterson col- lege, Washington, Pa., where he gradu- ated in the year 1879. He read law with Major R. E. Stewart, and was ad- mitted to the bar in Pittsburg, Pa., in 1880, where he practiced his profession, having an office at 134 Fifth avenue. Mr. Stewart was elected to the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania by a large majority in 1886, and was re- elected by flattering and increased majorities to the session of 1889, 1891 and 1893. His majority at each election being larger than at the preceding one. At the opening of the session of 1893, he was assigned by the Speaker as a member of the Committees on Judiciary General, Elections, Congressional Apportionment, Muni- cipal Corporations and as chairman of the Committee on Library. He introduced several important bills relating to legal process. One of these is an act extending the jurisdiction of justices of the peace in certain cases. Another limits the dura- tion of the lien of the debts of decendents, other than those of record, on their real estate. A third authorizes the recording of instruments in writing acknowl- edging payment and satisfaction of mortgages, ratifying satisfactions heretofore made, and providing that certified copies thereof may be admitted as evidence. He also introduced and had passed bills making appropriations to the McKeesport City Hospital and the Western Pennsylvania Institute for the Deaf and Dumb at Edge wood, Pa., both in Mr. Stewart's district. Mr. Stewart is of quiet disposition, but very popular with his associates and throughout his district, where he is best known. He takes an active interest and a working hand in Republican party politics in his district, in county, state or national campaigns and the local affairs of Verona borough, where he lives. He has private interests in oil and gas in ad- dition to his professional practice. 122 House of Representatives. SAMUEL BRUCE COCHRANE, who is serving his third consecutive term as member from Armstrong county, was born January 17, 1860, in Pine town- ship (now Boggs), Armstrong county. He was lirst elected in 1888, and had for his colleague Andrew J. Elliott. In 1890 he was re-elected with Dr. J. W. McKee, who has since died, and in 1892 was chosen for a third term, being the first member to be elected for a third term in the history of the county. He Avas reared on a farm and engaged in agricultural pursuits during his earlier years, following the occupation of a long line of ancestors. He attended the public schools and afterward became a teacher, principal and superintendent. He attended Dayton Academy, Edinboro Normal School and Central College of Indiana. At the last-named school made a special stud,y of survejing and engineering. Mr. Cochrane says for himself : " I have done nothing either in or out of the Legislature of sufficient importance to warrant me in boasting of it. Have spent most of my life on the farm, which I find best adapted to my degree of intelligence and education, as well as to the size of my feet and hands. When I came here first my constituents expected me to pass laws myself, if necessary, to right every wrong in the commonwealth. In fact I agreed to do it. but the task has been sad and fruitless. Surely my consti- tuents have been disappointed. I have no intimation that they will compel my return to the House. They never did insist on it. and the probability is that at the close of this session I will return to my farm, lay aside my celluloid collars and cuffs, and the bad habits acquired here, set a hen in my plug hat, present each of the schools of my district with a SmuU's Handbook and an agricultural report — the greatest spoils of my present office — and devote the remnant of a somewhat chequered life to the cultivation of corn and hay only diversifying that quiet voca- tion by occasionally taking a lean on my hoe handle long enough to look back and heave a sigh as I gaze once more on the shattered anticiimtions of statemanship. " House of Representatives. 123 FKANK MAST, one of the two Ke- publican members from Armstroug count}', was born in Clarion county. Pa., March 2, 1855. His parents moved to Armstrong county in 1859, and young Mast received his education in the schools of that county. In early life he followed mining and railroading. In 1880 he entered the mercantile business, in which he is still engaged. He was elected a member of the Republican County Committee three times in suc- cession, elected delegate to the State Convention in 1888, chosen township auditor and judge of election and is at present a member of the school board. In the fall of 1891 he was elected a member of the House to fill the unex- pired term of J. M. M'Kee, deceased, without opposition and was re-elected the following year by a majority of over 600. At the session of 1893 he served on the following committees : Corpora- tions, Elections, Agriculture, Mines aud Mining and Health and Sanitation. Mr. Mast's great-grandfather, John F. Mast, was born in Germany about the year 1750 and came to this country when a young man, with two of his brothers, all of whom settled in Bucks county, Pa. He died in Northampton county in 1815. His grandfiither, Jacob Mast, was born in Northampton county in 1798 and moved to Clarion county in 1833. where he died in 1877. His father, Isaac, who is still living, was also born in Northampton county and followed blacksmithing. Mr. Mast was married to Miss Letitia Haj's, of Armstrong county, July 25, 1869, and is the father of four children — Master Wade, Miss Wave, Master Blaine and Miss Flo. 4^^v 124 House of Representatives. TEA FRANKLIN MANSFIELD was 1 born June 27, 1842, in Poland. Ohio. His great-grandfather, John, served in the Sixth Connecticut in 1776 and 1777 and in the Twenty-sixth United States Regulars up to 1814. For coolness and punctuality in storming redoubt No. 10, at Yorktown, he was promoted to cap- tain. His grandfather, Ira, was an early settler on the Western Reserve and served as captain in several expeditious against tlie Indians. His father, Isaac K., was a merchant, having stores in Poland and Philadelphia. Ira F. at- tended school in Poland until he was fifteen years old when he was placed to learn the moulder's trade in Pittsburg. He was married December 11, 1872, to Lucy E. Mygatt, of Poland, and they have three children — Kirtland M., Mary L. and Henry B. In August, 1862, Mr. Mansfield enlisted as private in company H, One hundred and Fifth Ohio; he was promoted orderly sergeant, first and second lieutenants and for " conspicuous bravery " at the battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge breveted cap- tain and assigned as A. A. Q. M. 14 A. C. He marched with "Sherman down ta the sea," took part in the campaigns through North and South Carolinas and was present at the grand review at Washington. He bought out the Darlington Cannel Coal Mines in 1865, operating them successfully with other large bituminous plants. He made a systematic survey of his cannel coal for the Second Geological Survey, discovering over six hundred varieties of fossil plants and insects. In view of his services he was elected member Philosophical Society of Philadelphia. Served as justice of the peace and treasurer of Darlington township for eighteen years. He was member of the Legislature at the sessions of 1881 and 1893. He is trustee in the Beaver College and Griersburg Academy, director in the Rochester National Bank, Electric Light Company and is a thirty-second degree Mason. He is an amateur photographer, having a fine collection of views, Indian relics and imple- ments from mound builders. In politics he trains with the "Old Guard " of the Republican party. House of Bepresentatives. 125 r: ACOB WEYAND was bom in Bea- rer county, Pa., on March 29, 1828. His father, Henry Weyand, followed the occupations of teacher and farmer, and for many years was a leading and influential citizen of his immediate neighborhood. The subject of this sketch received his early education in the common schools of his native county, excepting a six-months' term in the Beaver Academy. In after years his oc- cupation consisted chiefly in publishing and editing newspapers in Beaver county and in Carroll county, O. He was identified with the Beaver Argus for fourteen years as editor and pub- li.sher. The editorial chair of this jja- per had previously been filled by a number of the ablest men the county has produced, including United States Senator Quay and State Senator J. S. Kutan. When the war broke out Mr. Weyand was living in Ohio, and at that time was the owner and editor of the Free Press in Carrollton, O. Loving his country dearly and seized with the martial spirit of the times, he sold out his pa- per, raised a company of volunteers and took his men to Camp Mingo, on the Ohio river. Here they were attached to the One hundred and Twenty-sixth Ohio vol- unteer infantry and subsequently to the Sixth corps, Army of the Potomac. He took an active part in sixteen battles, including The Wilderness, Spottsylvania •Court House, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. Subsequently his regiment was un- der command of Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, when Early's forces were beaten, driven back and shattered in the campaign of 1864. Mr. Weyand was twice wounded during the war — once at Cold Harbor, Va., and again at Monocacy, Md. While in the service he was breveted major and lieutenant colonel for "meri- torious conduct in the field." He has always been a staunch Republican, and was •one of the delegates to the convention from Bedver county which organized the Republican party of the United States in Pittsburg in 1855. He was elected to the Legislature by the citizens of Beaver county in 1892, and took his seat in the House in the following January. While in that body he introduced a joint reso- lution instructing our members of Congress to vote for and use their influence for "the passage of a bill then pending in the United States House of Representatives, authorizing the Secretarj' of War to cause a survey to be made for a ship canal con- necting the waters of Lake Erie and the Ohio river. The resolution was adopted. He also introduced a number of bills which eventually became laws. Mr. W. un- fortunately lost his faithful and beloved wife, Victoria Adams AVeyand, just pre- vious to his election as a representative in the Legislature. He has four children living — Emma, wife of H. W. Reeves, of Beaver Falls; Edwin S., an attorney at ithe Beaver bar, and Blanche and Paul, who are still members of the hou.sehold. 126 House of Representatives. JOHN CESSNA, of Bedford, is the son of a Bedford county farmer, and the eldest of a family of twelve. He -was educated in the common schools, then in a military academy, and in 1842 he graduated f.om Marshall college at Mer- cersburg. In this institution, since united with Franklin college, at Lan- caster, he taught Ijatiu a while and then studied law, being admitted to the bar in 1845. In 1847 Jeremiah S. Black, and his eight associates on the bench, appointed Mr. Cessna revenue commis- sioner for Somerset, Bedford, Blair and Franklin counties. In 1849 the Demo- crats of Bedford sent him to the Legisla- ture. He went at once to the front, was re-elected in 1850 and made Speaker before he had completed his thirtieth year. He soon attracted the attention of the Democratic leaders and in 1856, at the personal request of James Buchanan, he went to the National Democratic Con- vention from Buchanan's native district, was secretarj'^ of the Pennsylvania dele- gation and helped secure him the nomination that made him president. He made the motion organizing the Charleston Convention, to which he was a delegate, and was chairman of the committee on rules and organization. He introduced the anti-unit rule, got it through his committee and had it adopted by the convention, thereby giving to his political idol, Stephen A. Douglass, thirty-six votes. When the convention re-assembled at Baltimore he made the nomination substituting Governor Todd, of Ohio, as chairman in place of Caleb Cushing, of Massachusetts, who expressed his sympathy with the withdrawing or seceding members who sub- sequently nominated .lohn C. Breckeuridge for the presidency. While an ardent and active Democrat, Mr. Cessna was not a pro-slavery man As early as 1849 he was a delegate to the State Democratic Convention at Pitts- burg. He was a member of the committee on resolutions that framed and had the convention adopt a resolution against the extension of slavery, which caused the Pennsylvania Democracy to be read out of the party by nearly all the State Demo- cratic Conventions of the South. In 1861 he found himself at variance with the dominant element in his party and began making war speeches. He was elected to the legislature that year as a LTnion Democrat, re-elected in 1862 and was again Speaker in 1863. He voted for Curtin in 1863, for which he was practically read out of the ranks of the Democracy, and was soon an active Republican. He was chairman of the State Republican Committee in 1865. The same year he was chosen president of the board of trustees of Franklin and Marshall College to suc- ceed James Buchanan — has been unaminouslj' re-elected at each meeting for twenty- eight years. In 1868 he was elected to Congress and re-elected in 1872. He helped nominate Grant at Chicago in 1868, Hayes at Cincinnati in 1876 and in 1880 was one of the "306." In that jear he was chairman of the State Republican Com- mittee. In 1891 he was on the State Republican ticket as delegate-at-large to the proposed constitutional convention and received the highest vote cast, except for the two who were also on the Labor ticket. After a lapse of thirty years he re- entered the House and is one of the most active members of that body. House of Representatives. 127 W. C. SMITH was born in Bedford. Pennsylvania, June 2, 1845, the oldest of nine brothers, all of whom are living but one, and all of whom are Ee- publicans. He was educated in the common schools, mainly, and attended one terra at the Millersville State Nor- mal in the year 1866. He taught school in Bedford county six terms and one term in Lancaster county in the fall and winter of 1866-7. His first vote was cast in Strasburg township, Lancaster county, in 1866, for Gen. Geary, lor Governor, and Thaddeus Stevens, for Congress. He returned to Bedford county, and in 1870 was admitted to practice law in the courts of that county. He served two terms as justice of the peace in Bedford borough. In 1881, in connection with John Lntz, Esq., of Bedford, he started the Bedford Ee- puhUcnn, which, in 1884, was consolidated with the Bedford Inquirer. He remained as editor and proprietor of the Icepuhlkan and Inquirer till the fall of 1886. In January, 1889, he purchased the Everett Press, a Republican i)aper at Everett, Bedford county, and a month later purchased the Everett Leader and consolidated them. The zeal and success with which the Press and Leader, under his man- agement, has 1)een conducted has given it recognition throughout the county as the leading Republican paper in it. In 1873 Mr. Smith was nominated by the Republicans for district attorney of Bedford county, and after a close and spirited contest was defeated by 290 of a majority for Humphrey D. Tate, the present private secretary to Governor Patti- son, the county being then Democratic. In 1886 he receivea the instructions of the Republicans of Bedford county for the State Senate in the Thirty-sixth district, composed of Bedford, Somerset and Fulton counties. After several conferences he gave the nomination to W. S. Alexander, of Fulton county. In 1892 there were ten candidates contesting for the Republican nomination for House of Representatives and two to be nominated. Hon. John Cessna and Mr. Smith received the instructions over the other eight combined and were l)oth nominated on the first ballot as instructed for by the dis- tricts. After one of the severest political battles ever fought in Bedford county, Mr. Smith was elected by nearly 300 majority over the highest opposition. He has been chairman of the Republican County Committee under both Chairmen Quay and Cooper, of the State Committee ; he has been secretary of County Com- mittee often ; was a member of the State Committee twenty years ago and has always been an active Republican, stumping the county every general election since and iucludinj him. 1868, and working in every line of political work assigned to 128 House of Representatives. y [OHN B. GOODHART, the son of a shoemaker, Avas born in Reading, Berks ctounty, November, 1839, and is now representing his native city in the Legislature. He received his education in the common and high schools in Reading. After finishing his education he followed the occupation of boot and shoemaking, a trade taught him by his father, Avhich he kept at for several years. In years gone by the shoe- maker's shop was the convenient resort of politicians, and while young Good- hart was yet an apprentice, he learned many things relating to statesmanship, so that when he became of age he was ready to take an active part in the councils of his party. He was several times elected as delegate by the Demo- crats ot Berks county, to represent them in State Conventions, and besides was always on hand directing matters in County Conventions when his friends were interested. As a reward for his activity in politics, he was appointed Deputy Warden of the Berks County Prison, a position which he held for some time, when he was appointed by Register of Wills Fegley, as clerk of the orphan's court. In this position he made such a creditable record for himself that he was re-ap- pointed by Register Strunk, and held it until brought out by the citizens of the city of Reading for and elected to represent them in the Legislature. He was also a member of City Councils and served on the School Board for four years. All of this time he was an active member of the standing committees of his party in both city and county. Mi\ Goodhart has presented only one bill to the Legislature, outside of the Reading Hospital and Home for the Friendless appropriation bills, session of 1893, and that was for the study of vocal music in the public schools, by the method of sight reading. Mr. Goodhart has very little to say on legisla- tive matters, but is a deep thinker and conscientious and has the respect of his fellow members. He is serving on the following committees, Accounts, Munici- pal Corporations and Representative Apportionment. House of Representatives. 129 1 OHN R. LAUCKS, who in part rep- J resents the city of Keadinji in the pjerks county delegation, was born in Boyertowu, Berks county, July 18, 1839. His father, who was a saddler by trade, sent him to the common schools of Read- ing. AVhen the war broke out the young man enlisted and served for three years as corporal ot company B, Eighty-eighth regiment of Pennylvauia volunteers. After being discharged he enlisted in company D, One hundred and ninety- eighth regiment, Pennsylvania volun- teers, and served until the close of the war in 1865, then being promoted in rank for services on the field. He was engaged in nearly all the principal ])attles of the war, and though in many tight places during that time escaped without injury. At the close of the Avar he again located in Reading, and was appointed lumber inspector of Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company, a position that he has held ever since. He was a member of common council in the city of Reading, Berks county, for one year. For eighteen years he has been secretary of the Junior Fire Companj' of that city, and also has held prominent positions in other organizations. Mr. Laucks is a person disposed to be very quiet, having nothing in particular to say ou subjects before the Legislature, but watches carefully all measures, so that his vote at the proper time could be re- corded on the side which he in his best judgment considered right. He did not introduce any bills for the consideration of the Legislature, not being pressed in that direction by his constituency. He is very attentive to his duties and a good worker in committee, and served on the following standing committees of the House : Public Buildings, Banks, Pensions and Gratuities, Counties and Town- ships and Bureau of Statistics. 130 House of Representatives, SAMUEL B. KEPPEL, of Sinking Spring, Berks county, was boru in Honeybrook township, Chester county, Pa., December 10, 1846. He was edu- cated in the common schools and Waynesburg Academy and Millersville Normal School and taught school in Lancaster and Berks counties for six years. He then engaged in telegraphing for tlie Philadelijliia and Reading Eail- road Company for two years, and from 1872 to 1S77 was a clerk and telegraph oper- ator (special line) for the Moselem Iron Company, Moselem, Berks county. He removed to Sinking Spring on April 1, 1877, and entered the coal, lumber and grain business. April 1, 1881. in con- nection with the Sinking Spi'ing busi- ness, engaged in the same business at Robisonia, Pa., under the firm name of Keppel & Reber, continuing until April 1, 1886, when Mr. C. D. Reber retired, the business being conducted at that place by Mr. Keppel since that time. In April, 1892, he formed a stock company under name of Birdsboro Milling Com- pany (Limited), Birdsboro, Pa., and leased the mill of the Brooke Milling Com- pany, having a capacity of one hundred and fifty barrels of flour daily, and is serving as secretary and treasurer of the company. He was elected a member of the House of 1891, having received 11,115 votes, a majority of 7,034, Re-elected to the term of 189."^ by 11,663 votes, a majority of 7,556. He served on the follow- ing committees : Banks, Insurance and Manufacturers. He represented the Demo- cratic party at different times as State delegate and as school director. He has been a director of the Citizen's Bank of Reading, Pa., since its organization in May, 1888, is a director in the Manatawny Mutual Fire and Storm Insurance Company, organized February, 1893, and has been agent since 1881 for Mutual and Stock Fire Insurance Companies. He has a large amount of fire insurance represented in his sec.tion of the State. Mr. Keppel has made a good legislator and his constituents made no mistake in electing him for a second term. House of Representative!<. 131 F. LEONARD REBER is the son of a carpenter anrl was born near Shoe- makersville, Berks county, December 15, 1846. His ancestrj^ were of the old (ieriuan stock who settled in Berks county shortly after the ervolutionary war, and who since that time have been part of the sturdy j'eomen who by their industry made it one of the richest counties in the commonwealth. Mr. Reber received his early education in the schools of Berks county and finished it in the Keystone State Normal .School at Kutztown, in the same countJ^ After graduating in the Normal School he commenced teaching, which he fol- lowed for twenty-four years, eleven of which he spent as teacher of No. 8 school in Perry township. He has always been an active Democrat, being a dele- gate to the county convention a num- ber of times, a member of the standing committee for twelve years, and for eight years was a school director in his township. Served much of this time as secre-" tary of the board. He always took an active interest in Grange matters and was Master of Grange No. 29 for ten years and deputy sheriff of Berks county for four years. He is also a member of Perry Lodge 1055, I. O. O. F. Mr. Reber is serv- ing his second term in the Legislature, having been elected to the .sessions of 1891 and 1893. His majority at the last election was 7,557 over his Republican oppo- nent, selected from the same portion of Berks county. He is a member of the fol- lowing .standing committees of the House : Education, Agriculture, Printing and Retrenchment and Reform. He has presented to the Legislature the following measures : To prevent the spread and introduction of obnoxious weeds ; to repeal section .seventeen of the Penal Laws of 1791 ; empowering grand juries to impose costs in misdemeanors on aldermen, justices of the peace, constables, detectives and other ofUcers, and also for the location, con.struction and maintenance of public highways, etc. During the war of the rebellion Mr. Reber served in the Construc- tion corps under Captain Morris, of Delawai'e. 132 House of Representatives. 1 ACOB B. HERZOG, representing the J Second district of Berks county, was l)orn in Kocklaud township, Berks county, February 10, 1860. He was educated in the public schools of his native township and in the Oley Academy. He worked on a farm, taught school for seventeen succes- sive terms in the townships of Rus- combmanor and Oley, served as or- ganist at various churches for nine years, and is by trade a painter. He served as chairman of Democratic club of Oley, was delegate to various county and State conventions, and was appointed secretary of the standing committee ot Berks county by Chairman Herbst in the fall of 1890, and iu that campaign did excellent service for the Democracy, the county giving a majority of 8,901 for Pattison, the largest in its history. He has lield this position for three years. He was nominated for the Legislature on the first ballot over eight competitors and elected by a majority of 7,554 votes. He served on the Committees on Public Buildings, Printing and Library, and per- formed his legislative duties with an ej'e single to the public welfare. The interests of the Democratic party, of which he is an ardent member, have always been safe in his hands in the House. House of Representatives. 183 B' (ENJAMIN LIGKTNER HE WIT keeps a very close watch ou legis- latiou, and few men in this couimon- Avealth have had a more stirring and eventful career than the ex-Speaker of the House. Mr. Hewit was born in Petersburg, Huntingdon county, Pa., .June 4, 1833, of German and Scotch- Irish parentage. Nicholas Hewit, Sr., his great-grandfather, served in the Revolutionary war and lived to survive those perilous days until 1837. On the maternal side he is descended from Martin N. Grafius, a famous pioneer of the Juniata valley, born May 2, 1722. Mr. Hewit graduated from the public schools of Hollidaysburg, Pa., and after- wards jjrepared for college under the tutelage of Professor Wilson at Tusca- rora Academy and Professor Williams of the Hollidaysburg Academy. He graduated at Princeton College in 1857. He then commenced the study of the law with the Hon. S. S. Blair, and was admitted to the bar of Blair county in October, 1856. The next year after his admission he was elected to the office of district attorney, and served in that office two terms, or six years. Then came the trying timesof war, and he enlisted as a private in company A. Twenty-third regi- ment Pennsylvania infantry. Later on he enlisted as a private in company A, in- dependent battalion, to resist the invasion of the Rebels into the State of Pennsyl- vania. During 1863, 1864 and 1865 he was field paymaster in the United States Army, with the rank of major, and was honorably discharged in September. 1865. When gentle peace resumed its sway he returned to the practice of his profession at Hollidaysburg, and in 1870 was elected to the Legislature. In 1871 he Avas reelected and was made Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee. In 1872 he was chairman of the Committee on the Revision of the Civil Code. He was a member of the House in 1878, 1879, 1880 and 1881, and in 1878 and 1879 was chairman of the Judiciary General Committee. He was elected Speaker during the session of 1880 and 1881. Again he was elected to the Legislature in 1892 for the session of 1893, and was placed on the Committees on Judiciary General, Ways and Means, Game and Fish and made chairman ot Legislative Apportion- ment Committee. He introduced a bill at this session which he denominated in a speech upon it " by all odds the most important bill introduced during this session." It provided penalties for the adulteration of food or drink, which was passed unanimously — a very high coupliment ; also a bill to punish the giving of false fire alarms or the destruction of fire, telephone or telegraph wires. It will be seen that Mr. Hewit has ever taken an active part \n politics. He is also some- thing of a farmer, owning considerable farming interests in Dakota and Blair countv. He has two sons, O. H. Hewit. a prominent lawyer in Duluth. and H. D. Hewit, a farmer in Dakota. In 187:; he was appointed on the Fish Commission by Governor Hartranft and served until 1882. He selected and organized the hatcheries at Monetto, Corry and Allentowu. He was chairman of the celebrated Evans war claims committee. In 1879, with his compeers, Wolfe and Mapes, he prevented the passage of the Riot 1)111. Avhich proposed to take four millions from the treasury in payment of claims, which were subsequently settled for >;l,600,000. In 1881 he received several votes for the United States Senate. 134 House of Representatives. D' |R. ANDREW S. STAYER, of Roar- ing Springs, Blair county, was born in South Woodberry township, Bedford county, Pa., May 21, 1848. On his father's side he comes of French an- cestry. His great-grandfather was bora in France, and when but a lad accom- panied Gen. Lafayette to this country. He served through the revolutionary war, and afterward settled in Bedford county, where he died. Dr. Staj'er's maternal ancestors were Swiss. His great-grandfather, Snowoerger, having emigrated from Switzerland to Bedford county, Pa. Young Andrew was reared on the old Stayer homestead, in Bedford county, and after receiving a common school education became himself a teach- er at the age of seventeen and during the ensuing three years divided his time between teaching school in the winter and attending the Bedford Normal school in the summer. He attended the Mil- lersville Normal school in the summer of 1869. When twenty-one years old he began the study of medicine with Dr. Charles Long, of South Woodbury, Pa. In the winter of 1870 he attended a course of medical lectures at the Michigan State University, (Ann Arbor), and thereafter for two years studied with Dr. Long. After a course of lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, he graduated at that institution March 12, 1873. He located in Roaring Springs, Blair county, as a practicing physician. Despite the fact that a number of physicians who had tried the village and abandoned it as an unprofitable field, Dr. Stayer made up his mind that honest, industrious vitality must win him a permanency, and the re- sult of his labors has shown that he was right and his name is known and honored among the people of his part of the State. On June 30, 1870, he married Rosa K. Brumbaugh, of Middle Woodberry township, Bedford county, a descendant of the Brumbaughs Avho have been for many generations identified Avith the history of Western Pennsylvania ; three children have blessed the union — Edgar Virgil Sinou, born 1874; Morrison Andrew Clay, born 1882; Clara Mabel, born 1884. Dr. Stayer has always been con.spicuous as a participator in matters affecting public progressive interests and especially in educational afiairs. In 1880 he was a Sena- torial delegate from Blair and Cambria counties to the Republican State Conven- tion. In Sunday school interests he has ever been an earnest worker and as a leading spirit in local associations he has long been a prominent figure. In Felj- ruary, 1880, Dr. Stayer was commissioned hy Governor Hoyt assistant surgeon Fifth regiment National Guard ot Pennsylvania, and was subsequently promoted to surgeon, holding the position for twelve years. He is now interested in the Roaring Spring Planing Mill Company and president of the Park Hotel Company at Roaring Springs. In 1884 Dr. Stayer was a candidate for the Republican nomi- nation for Senator. He was defeated by only one vote. In 1890 he aspired to memberships in the House and easily secured an election. So well did he perform his duties that he was re-elected in 1892 by a larger majority than the two years previous by 800. He is a member of the Committee on Appropriations, Elections, Military, Public Health and Sanitation, and Retrenchment and Reform, of which he is chairman. He has introduced at the present session bills making an appro- priation to the Altoona Hospital, governing foreign building and loan associations in this State, and to establish a training school for feeble-minded children in the western part of the State. House of Representatives. 135 ALBERT SCOTT NEWMAN was bora in Easton township, Wyoming county, on February 16, 1842. In 1847 he moved with his parents to Canton, Bradford county, where his father en- gaged in the mercantile business, and where he received his education in the the pul)lic and private schools. At the lirst call of President Lincoln for troops he enlisted in the service and served three months. Again in 1864, at the time of Lee's invasion, he enlisted and was in the Twenty-sixth regiment, com- manded by Colonel Jennings. In the centennial year Mr. Newman, with others, formed the Enterprise Manufac- turing Company at Troy, Pa., for the manufacture of agricultural implements and powers, and which is yet in a flourishing condition. He was elected burgess of Troy borough and delegate to the State Convention which nominated Robert Mackey for State Treasurer. In 1880 he moved to Smithfield, Bradford county, where he is now engaged in the mercantile business and farming, and for twelve years was in the school board of that borough. At the last election he Avas returned as one of the three members from Bradford county by a majority of nearly three thousand. He was placed by Speaker Thompson on the Committees of Manufactures, Military, Library, Public Buildings and Bureau of Statistics. Among the bills introduced by him is one compelling assessors to deduct the liens against a man's realty from the as- se.ssed valuation, and also a bill prohibiting physicians attending poor patients and after getting out an order of relief and collecting his fees from the coirnty. He is a'member of the agricultural delegation. During the session of 1893 he was called to Herrick, Bradford county, to attend the funeral of his grandfather, who died at the greefi old age of 101 years. INIr. Newman attends faithfully to his du- ties iucommittee as well as in the House, and is a useful, conscientious member. 136 House of Represeritatives. FRANK NATHANIEL MOORE was born in Windham township, Brad- ford county, April 11, 1858. He went through the common schools of his na- tive county and afterwards took a two j^ear's course at the Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pa. He comes of revolution- ary ancestry, his grandfather having been a veteran of the war of 1812. From the green hills of Vermont the family came down through the Empire state in Conestogas, stopped awhile near Owego, N. Y., and at last settled in Bradford county. Like his father before him, Frank is an extensive dealer in stock and farms it on a large scale. In 1883 he went to Kansas and started a cattle ranch. For five years he played cowboy and became an expert horseman. The lessons in horsemanship leaiued on the plains he has not forgotten, and there are few if any better horseback riders in the State to-day than he. In 1885 he came back to his native hills more than ever convinced that there is no soil like that of old Pennsylvania. In 1891 he was elected a justice of the peace, the only township olfice he has ever held. The people of Bradford county are, perhaps, the most restless and independent of any in the commonwealth. They dislike anything that smocks of bossism. In 1890 they concluded to rebuke the leaders and smash the party machine. A fusion ticket, composed of independent Republicans and Democrats, Avas nomi- nated and was triumphantly successful, sweeping away the usual magnificent Re- publican majority. It has required diplomacy to win the people back to their old allegiance to the Republican party. The fusionists tried the same experiment in 1892 that had worked so well in 1890, but through the influence of such conscien- tious Republicans as Mr. Moore, the '"Old Guard" wheeled into line and he was elected Representative of that county by nearly 3,000 majority. He is on the Com- mittee on Agriculture, Compare Bills, Retrenchment and Reform and Vice and Immorality. He introduced a bill providing for the taxation of dogs and protec- tion of .sheep, which was conceded to be the best of the many bills introduced on that subject, and which was taken as the basis of the measure that finally passed the House. He also introduced a school book bill which provided for a commis- sion consisting of the Governor, Superintendent of Public Instruction and three practical teachers to be appointed by the Governor. These five to constitute a commission to buy school books, providing they could be purchased at satisfactory prices from the publishing houses. If not, to advertise and procure copy rights, have the books printed by public contract and furnished to the people at cost of publication. Like nearly all other school book bills this one was negatived in committee. Mr. Moore is one of the youngest men in the House, and is a hard- working, conscientious member, adhering strictly to his duties. When he makes a speech ui>on any measure he says what he has to say in a clear and forcible manner and then stops. House of Representatives. 137 FLOYD LEE KINNER, one of the Republican members from Bradford county, hails originally from Flatbrook- ville, New Jersey, where he was born May 27, 1856. His father, while Floyd was but a lad, went to Pike county and engaged in the lumber business. He was an intense Union mau and while celebrating the victory achieved by the Union forces at Gettsburg incurred the displeasure of Southern sympathizers whose attitude drove him from this in- hospitable clime. He came over to the more congenial atmosphere ot Bradford county and settled at Ulster and later at what formerly was Tioga Point, in the early days of the commonwealth the rendezvous of the Six Nations, and now called by the more classical name of Athens, and engaged in the mercantile business. At his death he was suc- ceeded by his son Floyd, the subject of this sketch. Floyd received his education in the schools of Athens, in which he has ever taken a deep interest. He has served in his town in the capacity of school director and Avas a member of the board at the time the present magnificent school building was erected, which is considered the finest in Bradford county. He was al.so one of its promoters. After going through the schools of Athens he graduated at the Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie. In 1892 he was elected a member of the House of Representa- tives by a handsome majority, particularly as the county had been represented in the session of 1891 by two Fusiouists and a Democrat. He is on the Committee on Railroads, of which he is secretary; also a member of City Passenger Railways Committee, Vice and Immorality and Manufactures. He introduced a bill (and secured its passage) granting an appropriation to the Robert A. Packer Hospital, located at Sayre, of §10,000; also a bill making appropriation necessary to defray the expenses of transportation of Union veterans to Gettysburg on July 1 next, to to participate in the service commemorative of the great battle fought at that his- toric place, and a resolution asking for an investigation to inquire into the irregu- larity of charges in rates of transportation upon coal and plaster over the Lehigh Valley railroad from Cox ton to points in Wyoming and Bi'adford counties. Mr. Kinner is one of the quiet and hard-working members who believes the most efiS- cient and practical work is done in committees. He is distinctively a business man, one of the conservative majority which .should always be most consulted in the enactment of our laws. 188 House of Representatives. 0' OLIVER H. FEETZ, M. D.. is a son of William and Catharine (Hoflford) Fretz, and was born in Richland town- ship, Bucks county, April 9, 1858. where he lived until he was ten years old, Avheu he removed with his parents to Quakertown. He received the best school advantages the borough afforded, and was subsequently sent to Muhlen- berg College, Allentown, Pa., to com- plete his education. He began the stud\f of medicine in 1879, first under that able practitioner and scientist, Dr. I. S. Moyer of Quakertown; afterward in the same year he entered the Jeffer- son Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., and after pursuing a three years' graded coarse of studies he graduated March 30, 1882, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He began the practice of medicine at Salfordville, Montgomerj' county, and is now successfully engaged in the drug business at Quakertown, and has a large office practice. In 1886 he took a post-graduate course of instruction at the Philadelphia Polyclinic and College for graduates in medicine, fitting him- self as a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. In 1889 he completed a course in pharmacy at the National Institute of Pharmacy of Chicago, 111. Dr. Fretz received the appointment of borough physician of Quakertown in 1888 and has been re-appointed annually since. He is a member of the Pennsylvania State Medical Society, the Bucks County Medical Society, the Lehig hValley Medical Association, the American Academy of Political and Social Science of Philadelphia, the Pennsylvania Forestry Association and the Bucks County School Directors' Association, of which he served as vice president. Since 1886, when he was elected as school director of Quakertown borough, he has been closely identified with the educational interests of his town and the county. He Avas re-elected school direc- tor in 1889, and served one year as treasurer and three years as president cf the board. He was a delegate to the state convention of school director held several years ago at Harrisburg. In 1890 Dr. Fretz was nominated on the first ballot for Assembly by the Bucks county Democratic convention and elected by nearly 300 majority. Dr. Fretz represented his county in the Legislature of 1891 with marked ability and to the utmost satisfaction of his constituents. He was renominated by acclamation and re-elected by a largely increased majority. In the session of 1893 he served on the following committees: Educational, Municipal Corporation, Public Health and Sanitation, and Congressional Apportionment. Dr. Fretz intro- duced a number of bills in the Legislature, the most important of which was an act to authorize the State Superintendent of Public Instruction to grant permanent state teachers's certificates to graduates of recognized literary and scientific colleges. House of Represeiitatives. 189 C \\RLILE SHEPHERD, one of the three representatives from Bucks county, was born 'October 19, 1834, in Buckingham township, of that county. Like his fother, who was born nearly a hundred years ago in the same township, Mr. Shepherd has followed the occupa- tion of farming, a pursuit in which he takes great interest. He has for eighteen years been superintendent of the Friend- ship Sunday school in his township and is an elder in a Presbyterian church in Doylestown. This is the first time Mr. Shepherd has been a member of the Legishiture, but the faithful manner in which he has represented his constitu- ents will likely result in his return to a seat in the House. In Bucks county the Democratic party, of which Mr. Shepherd is a member, makes its selec- tions from the upper, lower and middle districts, and the subject of this brief sketch represents the latter. The normal Democratic majority in it is about 209, but notwithstanding the bitter fight made against him because of his temperance principles he received a majority of more than .500 over his Republican opponent in the middle district. Mr. Shepherd is a Granger and a member of the Legislative Agricultural delegation. He received his education in the public schools of his native township in the winter months, the rest of his time having been devoted to work on his father's farm. While he is a temperance man he is not a prohibitionist. As this is his first term in the Legislature he was assigned to only three committees — Centennial Affairs, Geological Survey and Accounts. He introduced no bills, but has carefully watched legisla- tion and intelligently and fearlessly voted on all questions under consideration. He was regular in his attendance on the se-ssions of the House and showed a par- ticular interest in the bill read in place in the Senate by Senator Ross to ensure the construction of a turnpike from Doylestown to Chalfant, a distance of five miles, a much needed improvement. -ij> «Mi— ); ^•HIWB"— — 6- 140 House of Representatives. TAMES L. FA.BIAN, Bucks, was born J May 5, 1835, in the First precinct of the Twenty-sixth ward, Philadelphia, ormerly Passyunk township, and was educated in the common schools. His father was a basket-maker and a voter in this precinct for sixty-two years. Mr. Fabian learned the trade of a basket- maker and worked at it until the panic of 1857, when hewent to work in the old navy yard, working under the adminis- tration of President Buchanan until 1858. He then began to raise truck in which he was engaged until 1874. In this year Mr. Fabian removed to Bucks and turned his attention to the grooving of seeds, onion sets, tobacco and the raising of horses and other thoroughbred stock. He bred and raised the noted trotting colts, Jim F, record 2:26] at four years old, and Brother Jim, record 2: 29 J at three years old, which were received on the Half-mile track at Trenton, New Jersey. Mr. Fabian's stock and seed farm, on which he resides, is one of the finest and best-equipped in Eastern Pennsylvania. Mr. Fabian served as a school director in which he lives from 1878 to 1881. In November, 1890, he was elected to the Legislature, receiving the highest vote ot any candidate on the county ticket. He was re-elected in 1892. For many years IVIr. Fabian has attended the Bucks County Democratic Conven- tions. He has always been an active and enthusiastic Democrat, as was his father. He has seven sons, six of whom are voters and Democrats. As far back as he can trace, Mr. Fabian's family were Democrats. He is a hard-working, thoroughly-reliable business man, and in connection with his other enterprises he has been engaged in the oderless business in Philadelphia since 1860. Mr. Fa- bian is a member of the Committees on Public Health and Sanitation, Vice and Immorality, Constitutional Reform and Library. House of Bepresentatives. 141 J AMES B. MATES was born on liis father's farm in Muddy Creek town- ship, Butler county, Pa., on September 2, 1859. His fatlier soon afterward re- moved to a farm in Penn township in the same county and there Mr. Mates spent the year's of his youth, in the vicinity of the afterward famous Thorn Creek oil field. His parents were both born in Western Pennsylvania. Mr. Mates was educated in the common schools and at Witherspoon Institute, Butler, Pa. After leaving this institute the young man taught school from 1880 to 1884, during which time he read law under the direction of ex-Judge Charles McCandless and was admitted to prac- tice at the Butler county bar in 1883. He opened a law office in Butler, Pa., in 1885, and has since practiced his profes- sion there and been identified with the interests of that city. Mr. Mates was married to Miss Nordena Wilson on August t^l, 1887. He has always been an active Republican and has several times served on the county committee, being chairman of that organization in 1887. He was ap- pointed Census Supervisor for the Tenth district in 1890, and discharged his duties in a very satisfactory manner. He was elected a member of the General Assembly -of Pennsylvania in November, 1892, by a handsome majority over his Democratic opiK)nent. He is an active member of the committee on Judiciary General and also a member of the Committees on Railroads, Elections, Library and Accounts and has been ranked upon the floor as one of the useful, though unobtrusive mem- bers during the session. Among the bills introduced by Mr. Mates was one making an appropriation to the Connoquenessing Valley hospital at Butler, Pa. 142 House of Representatives. D I AVID B. DOUTHETT, of Butler county, is a native Pennsylvanian, having been born near Brownsdale, in the county in which he represents, on October 27, 1840. His parents were Joseph and Rebecca (Magee) Douthett, well known residents of that locality and highly esteemed by their neigh- 1)ors and acquaintances. They always lived on the farm near Brownsdale. Mr. Douthett was educated in the com- mon schools and at Witherspoon Insti- tute at Butler, Pa. He then taught school from 1857 until 1861, when he enlisted at Brownsdale for three years in company H, One hundred and second regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers, and served under General McClellan, Burn- side, Hooker, Meade and Grant. He took part in the battles of Williams- burg, Fair Oaks, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross Roads, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Williamsport, Second Freder- icksburg, Salem Heights, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Chantilly, the Wilderness and many other battles and skirmishes. He re-enlisted with his regiment near Brandy station, Va., and was given veteran furlough for thirty days, after which he rejoined his command, being finally mustered out *with his regiment near Washington, D. C, June 28, 1865. Mr. Douthett was slightly wounded at Williamsburg — Fort Magruder — on the Peninsula, and his hat was perforated by a minnie ball at the second battle of Fredericksburg. He was severely wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, receiving a wound through the left thigh. He was treated for two months at Findlay Hospital, Washington, D. C then at Philadelphia and afterward at Pittsburg, Pa., and when only partially re- covered rejoined his regiment before Petersburg, Va. , and participated in the closing campaign of the Army of the Potomac with General Grant. Mr. Douthett was justice of the peace for ten years, a school director for twelve years, and presi- dent of the board of school directors of his county for a number of years. He served three terms as postmaster at Brownsdale, was mercantile apraiser of Butler county in 1890, and was appointed by Governor Pattison as a delegate to the Farmers' National Congress, which met at Sedalia, Mo., in 1891. He is a member of Captain William Stuart Post No. 573, G. A. R., and of Encampment No. 45, Union Veteran I.,egion. He was nominated on the Republican ticket for the Legislature in 1862, and elected by a flattering majority, receiving 225 more votes than any other candidate, and running 100 ahead of the national ticket of his party. Early in the session Mr. Douthett had a resolution passed condemning the effort to secure the repeal of the act of Congress prohibiting the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago on the Sabbath. Later, he secured the passage, on special order, of his bill to regulate and establish the fees to be charged by justices of the peace, aldermen, magistrates and constables to secure uniform- ity throughout the state. Mr. Douthett is always active in the politics of his county, and his political rewards hy popular vote attest the estimation in which he is held better than anything that can be said. House of Representatives. 143 JACOB C. STINEMAN, of Cambria, is J a native of Richland township, Cam- bria county, Pa., where he was born April 9, 1 842. He was raised on a farm and educated in the common schools. When seventeen years old Mr. Stine- man began teaching school, teaching in the winter and working on his father's farm in the summer. Mr. Stinemau's grandfather was one of the early settlers of Cambria county locating on the waters of the South Fork of the Cone- maugh river in 1800. At one time the elder Stineman owned most of the land which in after years was covered by the waters of the South Fork reservoir, or Conemaugh lake, the breaking of which, in May, 1889, caused the losses of many lives and destruction of much valuable property in the Conemaugh valley. Mr. Stineman's grand parents on his mother's side, whose names were Croyle, settled in that part of Cambria county known for many years as Croyle's Mill, Croyle township, now Summerhill borough about 1798 or 1799. Here his mother, who is still living at the advaned age of ninety-two years, was born. Mr. Stineman's father died about twenty years ago. Mr. Stineman enlisted in company F, One hundred and ninety-eighth regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, First brigade. First division of the Fifth army corps, Army of the Potomac. He served until the close of the war, being one of the victorious army who witnessed Lee's surrender to General Grant on that eventful Sunday morning, April 9, 1865. At the close of the war Mr. Stineman returned to his father's home and engaged in farming for a number of years. In 1868 he began working in the coal mines. He was soon advanced to mine foreman and subsequently to superintendent of the mines in which he first commenced work- ing. In 1878 he began operating coal mines for himself and is now the owner of much valuable coal property, being one of the largest individual producers of bituminous coal in the state. His mines are situated along the line of the Penn- sj'lvania railroad at South Fork. Mr. Stineman served fifteen consecutive years as a school director. He is a di- rector of the Citizen's National Bank of Johnstown. He has never been an aspir- ant for political honors or an office seeker, although having been chosen to a number of offices of trust and importance. In 1885 he was the Republican candidate for sheriff of Cambria county. He was defeated, but his vote was so far in excess of that of his colleagues on the Republican ticket that he was re-nominated in 1888. This time he was elected by a handsome majority and was the sherifi' of the county at the time of the Johnstown flood. In 1889 Mr. Stineman was a delegate to the State Republican Convention. Two years subsequent he was chairman of the Cambria County Rejjublican committee. He was elected to the Legislature in November, 1892, receiving the highest vote of any candidate of either party. Mr. Stineman is a faithful and conscientious legislator. He is one of the most conspicuous, yet mode.st members of the House of Representatives. He is a mem- ber of the Committees on Mines and Mining, Iron and Coal, Judiciary Local, Fish and Game and Bureau of Statistics. 144 House of Ftepreseniaiives. TAMES J. THOMAS, the Deinoceatic J Kepresentative from Cambria county, was born October, 1836, in Munster township, in that county. He never attended school except to learn to spell, l)ut acquired a practical education at the hands of his father, who taught school in Cambria county from 1820 to 1869 and fitted his son at his home for the same occupation. Representative Thomas became a pedagogue in 1858 and has followed teaching and farming ever since that period. He has thirty- four terms of school teaching in Cambria county to his credit, during which he educated many young men who have held important positions in the State and country. He tilled several local ofiices in his tovynship and in 1876 was elected to the House from Cambria county for two years and served in that body in 1877 and 1878 with John Downey, of Johnstown. He was United States storekeeper during President Cleveland's first term in the Twenty-third district, comprising a large portion of Western Pennsylvania, and filled the place for over four years. He is a member of the State Board of Agriculture and has worked at farming, in conjunction with school teaching, since he attained his majority except in two years, when he carried on the lumber business in West Virginia. Speaker Thompson appointed him a member of the Congressional and Judicial Apportion- ment, Vice and Immorality and Constitutional Reform Committees, and he also served on the sub-Committee on Congressional Apportionment with Chairman Lawrence and Representatives Richmond, Cotton and Ritter. He was vice presi- dent of the agricultural delegation in the Legislature, which had for its president Representative Cessna and for its secretary Senator Critchfield. He introduced during the session the bill endorsed by the State Sportsmen's Association chang- ing the time for the shooting of squirrels from September 1 to October 15, whose main purpose was to prevent early hunting and thus protect pheasants and quail from slaughter. He also introduced a bill authorizing supervisors of townships to pay for the material necessary to erect wire fences to prevent snow-drifts in the coun- try districts, which have been found to work the most satisfactory results, and was a member of the sub-committee of the agriculture delegation which drafted the Nesbit road bill, and was afterward appointed by the same organization one of a committee of five to take charge of the Niles tax bill on the floor of the House. House of Representative!'. 145 TRVIN K. HOCKLEY, who represents 1 Cameron county as a member of the House, was born in Reading, Pa., in 1852. His ancestors were of German stock and settled in Pennsylvania shortly after the revolutionary war. His father is a farmer. Mr. Hockley received his early education in the schools of Lycoming and Northumber- land counties and finished it in the county normal school at Muncy. He was a school teacher for seventeen years, twelve of which as principal of the Em- porium high school, extending from 1875 to 1887. He was married to Miss Debbie Logan, of Emporium, in 1877 and has two children, a girl and boy. From 1887 to 1891, he was treasirrer of the Emporium board of trade. He is now merchant and coal dealer and fur- nishes builder's supplies at Emporium. He has been county and borough auditor and was chairman of the Democratic county committee of Cameron county in 1891 and 1892. He was a delegate to the Democratic state convention which nominated E. H. Bigler, of Clearfield, for State Treasurer. Although Cameron county is Republican, and he had for his opponent Captain J.C. Johnson, chairman of the* Judiciary Committee in the House of 1891, Mr. Hockley was elected by fifty-four majority. He is a member of Emporium lodge 382, F. and A. M., Emporium lodge 984, I. O. O. F. (which lodge he rep- resented in the grand lodges of that order at Allegheny in 1890 and at Sunbury in 1892), Emporium lodge 1()3, A. O. U. W., and the German Harri Garri. He is a member of the new Game and Fish committee and also of the committees of Con- tennial Affairs, Geological Survey and Bureau of Statistics, and introduced a bill to repeal the special act in Cameron county relative to the collection of taxes, re- Cjuiring the collector to add ten per cent, for collection if taxes are not paid within thirty days from the date the duplicates are placed into his hands, and a bill to provide for the election of county school superintendents by popular vote. 10 146 House cf Representatives. W ILLIAM F. BIEKY, of Carbon comity, is a native of Lehigh couuty, having been bom at Catasau- qua, May 15, 1863. When five years of age he removed with his father, who had some lumbering interests in Carbon county, to a place called Hickory Run, in that county, and in 1876 he moved to Weissport, Carbon county, where he has resided ever since. Until he was six- teen jears old he attended the public schools, and after he had given up his studies he worked in planing mills and in furniture factories. At his majority he entered the drug business, in which he is still now engaged. He was school director in his town for six years, and has at all times taken great interest in the development of the public school system. Mr. Biery is a Democrat and takes part in all the campaigns of his party. He has never aspired to any prominent political office, but, responding to the demands of his constituency iu Carbon county, he submitted to the nomina- tion as the representative from his county to the House, and was elected in the fall of 1892 to serve during the sessions of 1^93 and 1894. At the session of 1893 Mr. Biery carefully watched the vast interests of the Carbon county industries. He was assigned to the following House committees : Mines and Mining, Manu- factures and Legislative Apportionment. #«) House of Representatives. 147 JOHN T. McCOEMICK, of Centre J county, was born at Nittany Hall, Walker township, January 23, 1849. His father was a cooper by trade, but relinquished this business and became a farmer, purchasing a farm and tilling it himself. Mr. McCormick, senior, re- moved to Furguson township, near State College, Centre county, where his farm was located and young McCormick was sent to the common schools and passed through the regular course of studies then in existence, and at their completion he was proffered a scholarship at the Slate College, but it was refused, as Mr. McCormick preferred to engage in active business. The McCormick ancestry are of Irish extraction, but came to America many years ago. The subject of this sketch has always been engaged in farming, owning at tlie present time a valuable tract of seventy-five acres in Centre county, which is under excellent cultivation. He has always been a Democrat, and has been on many occasions honored by his party with official position. He has been school director ; was for three successive terms elected as triennial as- sessor for his township; has been elected to the liosition of overseer ot the poor, and in 1891 was elected a delegate to the Democratic State Convention. He was elected one of the members of the House in 1890, receiving a majority of over 1,200 votes over his highest opponent, and for the present term he was re-nomi- nated by practically the unanimous vote of the county convention and re-elected by a largely increased vote over his previous election. He has presented a bill to the present Legislature making an appropriation for the support of "The State College," and is greatly interested in its successful passage; besides he takes great interest in all measures pertaining to the agricultural welfare of the state. He takes an active part in all the party contests of his county, and especially so in the party contests of his own township, in which his farm is located, and devotes much of his time and personal attention to the public schools of his portion of the state. ^Ir. ^McCormick does not participate in the debates of the present session except upon questions in which he has an interest, and he is especially watchful in all matters that affect the agricultural welfare of his constituents. In apportion- ing to him the work of the House, he has been assigned to the committees on Agri- culture, Library, Judicial Apportionment and to Pensions and Gratuities. 148 House of Representatives. J AMES SCHOFIELD was born near Belfost, Ireland, March 20, 1848, and resides at Bellefonte. His parents came to Ireland with William of Orange and took part in the rebellion of 1798. His grandfather, Jacob Schofield, was one of the prime movers and leaders in the organization of theyoemanry of Ireland. At the age of six years Mr. Schofield was sent to school but left after six years and began learning the trade of a harness-maker in Belfast, where he was soon recognized as one of the most aptest and most competent working- men. Being of a lively disposition, frank and honest, he soon became a par- ticular favorite among the men. Hear- ing much of the advantages to be had in America, he bade adieu to old Ire- land on April 27, 1867, and left for this country from the city of Londonderry, arriving in New York on May 10. After wandering about for some time he went to Birmingham, Huntington county, where he secured employment in the lead mines for over a year. This gave Mr. Schofield his start in life. Having earned a little money he located in Bellefonte in the spring of 1868 and worked at his trade as a harness-maker. Two years later he returned to New York, where he secured employment in a harness shop. Bellefonte seemed to be a more desira- ble location, and one j'ear later he returned to the town and began on a small scale the manufacture of harness supplies, in which business he has been engaged ever since. Like his ancestors, he always was prominent in politics, and shortly after his location in Bellefonte Avas elected to the school board for three years. He was then elected for three successive terms as overseer of the poor, but resigned this oifice June 20, 1891, to pay a visit to his mother country. After spending some time in Ireland he returned and, November 8, 1892, was elected to the House of Representatives over one of the best citizens of the county by a majority of 959. lu the House he has been a eredit,able Representative and succeeded in having the bill to elect tax collectors in boroughs and townships for three years passed. He Avas popular in the Legislature as a Representative Irishman ; was ready to per- form his public duties and crack a joke with his fellow-members. House of Representatives. 149 J' [OSEPH G. WEST was born in East Pikeland township, Chester county, Pa., May 22, 1834. His early life was spent on the farm of his father, David West, from which he attended the pub- lic school until he was seventeen years of age, when he was sent to Strodie's Seminary, near Lenape, Chester county. Here he pursued his studies for one term, and the following year he at- tended Oakdale Seminary at Pughtown, Chester couaty, at which institution he continued his studies for two years. The following year, after completing his studies at Oakdale Seminary, was spent in teaching in the public school at Jonestown, Lebanon county, Pa. The avocation of teaching being dis- tasteful to Mr. West, he turned his at- tention to the study of medicine with Dr. Morris Tussell, of Chester Springs, Chester county, and commenced to attend lectures at the University of Pennsyl- vania in the fall of 1857, from which institution he was graduated in the month of March, 1860. The next September he began the practice of medicine at Kem- blesville, Chester county, and continued it at the same place until he turned it over to his son, Dr. F. B. West, in 1887. He has always been an unswerving Re- publican, but was held in such esteem by the citizens of his township that he was continually re-elected to the office of school director for a term of fifteen years, although the district is strongly Democratic. In 1890 he was nominated and elected a member of the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania from his county, and was re-elected in 1892 to the same office. After relinquishing the practice of medicine and his drug business to his son in 1887, he removed to his farm, which is beautifully situated on the outskirts of the village of Kemblesville, where he resides. 150 House of Representatives. DAVID HOOPES BRANSON, one ot the Representatives in the House from Chester county, was born in Mill- town, East Goshen township, Chester county. Pa., August 31, 1827. He was educated in the subscription schools of that day and Strode's Academy. He taught school several j'ears, was a clerk in the office of recorder of deeds dur- ing the term of Edward Hibbard, is a farmer and dealer in fancy stock and has for many years been closely identified with agricultural interests. He has also been prominently connected with the management of the Chester County and Oxford Agricultural societies and is now first vice president of the Pennsylvania State Agricultural Society. His record for growing large crops and raising fine lancy stock is not surpassed in the state. The once mammoth oxen, known as the "Chester County Mammoth Roans, " and the famous bullock, "General Grant," were raised and fed on his farm in Brandywiue township, Chester county. He has grown 127 2-8 bushels of shelled corn to the acre, and last year his highest yield was 120 bushels and ten pounds to the acre, specimens of which have been shipped to the World's Fair for competition with the cereals of this and other states. In 1882 he shipped through the United States consul to London ninety barrels of selected corn especially for seed to test the possibilities of the foreign climate for growing Pennsylvania corn. Mr. Branson was elected to the House of Representatives from Chester county in 1891 and 1893 without opposition from his district. During the session of 1893 he introduced among others bills to reduce the legal standard of a bushel of potatoes to fifty-six pounds and to appropriate $100,000 for the purpose of purchasing grounds by the state on which to erect build- ings for the conducting of annual exhibitions of the State Agricultural Society and other agricultural organizations. Mr. Branson served on the Committees of Ap- propriations, Agriculture, Counties and Townships. Centennial Affairs and Library, and in 1891 on Agriculture and various other important committees. In view of his long and successful connection with farming and live stock raising he has been assigned a position in the Agricultural Department at the World's Fair by Director General George B. Davis, chief of that department at Chicago. House of Representatives. 151 D SMITH TALBOT, of Chester • county, has taken a leading posi- tion in the Legislature since he first be- came a member at the session of 1889. He was born in Honeybrook township November 19, 1841. He is a .son of Calob P. and Elizabeth Buchanan Talbot. Mr. Talbot's father was a soldier in the war of 1812 and his ancestry took an active part with the colonist in the revolu- tionary war against Great Britain. In the war of the late rebellion five of the Talbot boys were in the Northern army at the same time, two of whom lost their lives in the struggle for right against wrong. He was reared upon a farm. He comes from a family that is a landmark in Chester countj' and which has produced a number of distinguished men. Having obtained an rudimintory education in the public schools, Mr. Talbot was sent consecutiveh' to the academies at Morgautowu, Waynesburg aud Parkersburg. Having completed his education, Mr. Talbot passed an examination for a school teacher's certificate and for eight years taught in the jjublic schools of Chester county. During the Lee invasion of Pennsylvania Mr. Talbot enlisted in the Forty-second Pennsylvania regiment for the three month's service. After his discharge from the army he became a student at law and on April 16, 1870, he was admitted to the bar of Chester county and sabsequently to the bars of Delaware, Mifflin and Schuylkill counties, in which he had clients. Mr. Talbot comes from a race of politicians and early identified himself with the Eepublicau party. He has reijeatedly been a delegate to county conventions and in 1885 was a senatorial delegate to the State convention. In 1887 he was elected bj' the borough council the solicitor for the borough of West Chester. In 1892 he was nominated for State Senator to fill a vacancy, but was defeated through the ajiathy of the Republican voters of the county. He was first elected to the Legislature in 1889 aud has served continuously since. In the session of 1891 Mr. Talbot was named as chair- man of the Committee on Elections, which committee was one of the most important, politically, of the session. Mr. Talbot is the author of a number of important measures in the Legislature and is universally regarded as one of the strong men of the House. 152 House of Bepresentatives. DANIEL FOULKE MOORE, of Phce- nixville, was born July 24, 1841, in Upper Merion township, Montgomery county. Mr. Moore's father is a leading citizen and agriculturist of Montgomery county, where the ancestors of hi» mother, Phoebe Foulke Moore, located in 1698, being a part of the Welsh Quaker colony that settled in South- eastern Pennsylvania at that time. The early life of Mr. Moore was spent upon his father's farm, following the usual agricultural pursuits and attending public schools in the winter. Subse- quently in 1856 one term was spent at private school in West Chester. The balance of his educational opportuni- ties were had at Gwynedd boarding school, where he spent three winters. Having learned the art of telegraphy, Mr. Moore, in the spring of 1862, entered the employ of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company as an extra op- erator. He was stationed at Reading, Harrisburg and other important points, filling the position also of train dispatcher and otherwise proving his ability in these important and responsible positions. Mr. Moore enlisted August, 1862, in company E, One hundred and Twenty-eighth regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers, for nine months. He was afterward assigned to the First brigade. First division of the Twelfth army corps, and participated with his regiment in the battles of Antietam and Chancellorsville. He was honorably discharged May, 1863, at the expiration of his enlistment. A few weeks later he re-enli.sted " for the emergency " during the Gettysburg campaign, serving nearly four months in the Thirty-first regiment of that line. He decided to again re- enlist for the balance of the war, but at the earnest solicitation of General Super- intendent Nichols, of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company, he aban- doned his plans and re-entered the employ of that company. Mr. Moore was sta- tioned at Phoeuixville in November, 1863, as train dispatcher, which position he retained until 1870, when he became a partner in the firm of Caswell & Moore in the stove, tin and roofing business, in which he is still engaged. He has been chosen burgess of Phrenixville, which is largely Democratic politically, a distinc- tion that but few Republicans have enjoyed the past quarter of a century. During the period of reorganization of the National Guard after the close of the rebellion Mr. Moore was appointed Assistant Adjutant General on the staff of General J. R. Dobson, commanding the then Tenth division, with the rank of lieutenant colonel. He has always been an enthusiastic Republican. He is a birthright member of the Society of Friends. He was elected a member of the House of Representatives in November, 1892, from the Northern district of Chester county, receiving the highest vote cast for any candidate on the Republican legis- lative ticket. He is a member of the committees on Accounts, Bureau of Statistics, Library, Insurance and Education. Mr. Moore has introduced a number of bills and is actively interested in the Agnew local option measure, the bill to abolish capital punishment, civil service reform, Phcenixville hospital bill and all educa- tional and reform measures before the General Assembly. House of Representatives. 153 HENRY N. HESS, M. D., member of . the House from Clarion county, was ^0^^ ^~N^ born in Maysville, that county, July W^ ^m 13, 1854. His father, who was a miller, ■ 'Jl^k ^'^^ born in Dauphin and his mother in ■ <«>^b- sa,.^^^^B Schuylkill county. Both were of German '**^^^^^^^^ parentage. In 1828 they emigrated west and settled at Newmaysville. Dr. Hess' father carried on the milling business lor many years, and in 1840 his first mill was destroyed by flood and in 1860 another by storm. Representative Hess was taught in the district schools and the Corsica and West Millersville Acad- emies. He was engaged in the profes- sion of school teaching for six years. In 1882 he graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore. He has practiced medicine at Fryburg, Clarion county, for eleven years, and served as school director for three years, was secretary of the board one year and treasurer two years. He was a delegate to the State convention at Scranton which nominated Robert E. Pattison for Gov- ernor. He was elected to the House from Clarion county in 1890 and 1892 by ma- jorities of 1,384 and 1,250 respectively. At the session of 1891 he strenuously op- posed the medical examiners bill and received the credit of having defeated it from the State Medical Association. At that session he served on the committees of Judiciary, Local and Public Health and Sanitation, and at the session of 1893 on the Appropriation, Banks and Banking, and Public Health and Sanitation Com- mittees. Class legislation has invariably found in Representative Hess an uncom- promising foe. He was appointed on the sub-committee of the committee on Ap- propriations, which visited the flooded districts of Oil City and Titusville, and the hospitals at Meadville and Brookville, to ascertain the merit of claims for appro- priations. He introduced a bill to appropriate 875,000 to the State Normal school of the Thirteenth district. Dr. Hess has passed all chairs in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and in 1890 attended the sessions of the Grand Lodge at Pittsburg. 154 House of Representatives. TJENRY CYPHERT is one of the two A A Democratic represeutatives from Clarion county. He was born Septem- ber 8, 1836, and, like his fother, has de- voted much of his time to agricultural pursuits. His paternal grandfather was raised in Berks county, removed to Westmoreland county at an early stage of his life, and while yet a young man took up his residence in Clarion county. He settled in a woodland country and cleared a farm. Subsequently he built a furnace, but the venture proved a foilure and involved him in much debt, and in 1861 he died a poor man. Mr. Cyphert's father was of German and his mother of Irish origin. The son was born I in Limestone township, Clarion county. He was educated in the pub- lic schools of that county and at a nor- mal school at Callensburg, taught by John McGonagle. What success he has had has been due to his industry and energy, as he was very poor when a boy. The occupations he has followed are farming, raising and dealing in live stock and teaching school. He was township auditor and overseer of the poor and has been tax collector for seventeen years. He was also postmaster at Kingsville, Clarion county, for six years, and attended the Democratic State Convention of 1885 at Harrisburg as a delegate. At the election at which he was chosen a member of the House, he led all the other candidates in the number of votes received. He is a member of the executive committee of the Pennsylvania State Grange, and has taken great interest in the success of the Patrons of Husbandry. To him was intrusted the introduction in the House of the bill to provide a new method of electing members of the State Boai'd of Agri- culture, by having them chosen from the various agricultural societies, granges and kindred organizations. During the session of the Legislature of 1893 hun- dreds of petitions were received from granges in Pennsylvania, asking for the pro- posed change in the interests of a larger representation on the board of the agri- cultural interests of the State. Mr. Cyphert also introduced a bill to allow con- stables compensation for visiting licensed hotels under the Brooks' law. As a member of the lower branch of the assembly he served on these committees : Bureau of Statistics, Counties and Townships and Iron and Coal. X House of JRepresentutives. 155 JOHN K. GORMAN, who is serving his first term in the Legislature as a member from Clearfield county, was born in New Washington, in that county, July 27, 1862. His parents, who were of Scotch-Irish descent (both of whom are dead), lived on a farm in Bnrnside township, where Mr. Gorman was i-aised and in due time was sent to common schools. Afterwards he went to the Normal school in New Washington and prepared himself as a teacher and for four years taught in the public schools of his native county. He entered the State Normal school in Clarion, Clarion county, and from that institution grad- uated in 1889. When his school days were ended he was appointed deputy sheriff of Clearfield county, under Sheriff E. L. McCloskey, and in that capacity served until 1891. In the meantime he read law and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county and is now a practicing attorney in the town of Clearfield. Mr. Gorman is very active in the politics of his county, and for the years 1890 and 1891 was the secretary to the Democratic County Committee. He was also a National Guardsman and for three years was member of company D, in the Fifteenth regiment. He was elected to the Legis- lature from his county by a handsome majority and in the House is serving on the following committees: Judiciary Local, Mines and Mining and Military. The new mine ventilation law was introduced by Mr. Gorman and passed both House and Senate without a dissenting vote, notwithstanding the foct that this same bill failed in the Legislature of 1891. 156 House of Repi-esentatives. pHARLES SYLVESTER KING, one ^ of the members from Clearfield county, -nas born April 17, 1848, iu the town of Petitcodiac, Westmoreland county, New Brunswick, Canada. His ancestors on his father's side were Irish and his mother's parents were Scotch, having been reared so near the Ameri- can line that it was not difficult for him to acquire a considerable knowledge of Americans and American institutions ; and the more he learned of them the more he was led to love and admire the United States government. The great love of freedom was so strong in him that at the age of nineteen years Mr. King determined to become a citizen of the United States, and in 1878 he en- tered the State of Maine in which he remained for two years, at the end of which time he concluded to visit Penn- sylvania, arriving in Philipsburg, Centre county, March 5, 1869, and in a short time he secured employment with a lumber company doing business in Clearfield county. He at once took advantage of our naturalization laws and became a citi- zen of this commonwealth and has remained a resident of that county ever since. Connecting himself with the Democratic party, he has always been a strong advocate of the principles of that party, believing that the perpetuity of our government de- pends on those principles. Mr. King has held several minor oflfices in his county, having served as school director for a number of years, and was elected judge of elections in the borough of Brisbin, which is largely Republican. He was elected to the Legislature by a large majority notwithstanding there was a most deter- mined effort made to compass his defeat. On the opening of the session he was ap- pointed on the following committees : Constitutional Reform, Federal Relations and Centennial Affairs. He has been in faithful attendance at every session of the House, and while he has engaged but little in debate he has been studious and observing, and by his genial manners has made many friends in both parties. He introduced a bill for the improvement of roads and also a bill requiring owners of property in Clearfield county to fence the same. He is a man of the people and will neglect no opportunity presented to work for their interests. 1k^ House of Representatives. 157 J "AMES C. QUIGGLE; who was bom at Lock Haven, December 29, 1851, is the sou of the late Hon. James W. Quiggle, and his mother is a sister ot Judge C. A. Mayer. In 1856 his par- ents removed to Philadelphia from Clin- ton county, and three years afterward he accompanied them to Antwerp, Bel- gium. His father was United States consul at that port, and the son made his home there for two years and a half and attended French and German schools. In November, 1861, he re- turned to Philadelphia with his parents and applied himself to further study in the schools of that city and a commer- cial college. He had intended connect- ing himself with the profession of the law and had been regularly entered as a student in the common pleas court of Philadelphia, but imperfect vision com- pelled him to abandon his purpose. In October, 1871, before he had attained the age of twenty years, he was tendered and accepted on personal and not political grounds, the office of United States consular agent at Cornwall, Canada, which he resigned March 10, 1872. From 1873 to 1876 he was engaged in Wayne township, Clinton county, in agricultural and lumbering pursuits. In the latter year he held an important position in the office of the chief secretary of the United States Centennial Commission at Philadelphia. After having filled several offices in his township, he, in 1887, accepted the post of United States consul at Port Stanley iind St. Thomas, Canada, to which he had been appointed by President Cleveland in August 31, 1887, and entered upon his duties October 23, he was superseded for political reasons by President Harrison in February, 1890, as Avas .shown by the fact that Mr. Quiggle received special commendation from the Department of State for the satisfactory and economical admiuistratiou of his office. Before his return from Canada he was re-elected justice of the peace for Wayne township for five years, but having been elected to the House iu November, 1890. he surrendered the office after having attended to its duties tor six months. In the Legislature of 1891 he was a member of the Committee on Ways and Means, Federal Relations, Manu- factures and Bureau of Statistics. In 1892 he Avas re-elected liy a largely increased majority, his vote exceeding that received by his Republican opponent, A. D. Meloy, 736. At the present session he is a member of the Committee on Appro- priations, Federal Relations, Elections and Printing. Mr. Quiggle has been promi- nent in the politics of his county, and in 1883 was chosen a delegate to the Demo- cratic State Convention. For five years he was a member of the Clinton County Democratic Committee and in 1884 served as its secretar^^ Mr. Quiggle was mar- ried at Lock Haven by Rev. Joseph Nesbitt to Miss Ella L. (Quiggle, daughter of «x-county commissioner Jacob Quiggle, a di.stant relative, February 23, 1882. 158 House of Representatives. A NDREW LUCIUS FRITZ, of Bloom- -^ burg, was born in Siigarloaf town- ship, Columbia county, Pa. His an- cestors lived on Chestnut street, Phila- delphia, during the revolutionary war. They took an active part in the scenes incident to that time. His great-grand- father, Philip Fritz, moved with his grandfather to Columbia county about 1795, where he purchased a large tract of land. Philip Fritz was the first school teacher and justice of the peace in the northern part of the county, and according to history he was "a great scholar and local public character of more than ordinary influence.'' Rep- resentative Fritz's father, Jesse Fritz, was a farmer, and purchased and lived on the "old homestead," where he died two years ago, having filled the office of justice of the peace a number of years until his death. The subject of this sketch at the age of seven began to work on his father's farm. In the summer for a number of years he worked on the farm and Aveut to school in winter. He received an academical education at the New Columbia and Orangeville Academies and the Bloomsburg State Normal School. He has always been a laborious student. He began teaching when about sixteen years of age, and followed that profession six years. He studied law with ex-United States Senator C. R. Buckalew, and was admitted to the bar in May, 1878. In November of the same year he located at Scran ton, and was admitted to practice as an attorney of the Lackawanna county courts. In a short time he removed to Bloomsburg, where he has since lived and practiced law. Mr. Fritz has a large practice in Columbia and adjoining counties, and has been admitted to practice in the supreme court. He has been receiver of taxes, town auditor, solicitor of the Bloomsburg j)oor district, and counsel for a number of munici- palities, and he was secretary of town council for a number of years until he re- signed. He was appointed by three sheriffs in succession as deputy, and had charge of the sheriff's office of Columbia county in the absence of the sheriff until his other business compelled him to give up the position. Through these positions and by his kind and obliging disposition he made many friends and became well acquainted with the people of the county. In 1884 he was elected to the House of Representatives, receiving the highest vote on the Democratic ticket. In 1886 he was re-nominated without opposition and was elected, running ahead of his ticket at the general election. In 1892 he was elected a third time as a member of the House, an honor awarded to but few in his county. During his three terms in the Legislature he served on the Judiciary General and other important com- mittees. In 1891 Mr. Fritz was elected a delegate to the proposed constitutional convention from the Senatorial district, composed of the counties of Columbia, Montour, Lycoming and Sullivan, by the largest vote in the district. He has taken an active part in the business interests of his county and is interested in several new enterprises. Mr. Fritz has always been a Democrat, has taken an active part in politics and has been a delegate to several county and state conven- tions. He is married and has two small children, both boys. House of Representatives. 159 EDWARD MARVIN TEWKSBURY. of Columbia county, Avas born Sep- tember 10, 1837, in Brooklyn, Susque- hanna county, Pa., on a farm. His father, Reuben Tewksbury, was a na- tive of Vermont, and his mother, Mar- tha Corey, was from Rhode Island. The Tewksbury's are of English ances- try. D'Aubigne places "John Tewks- bury, a leather merchant of London, with the martyrs of A. D. 1528, and as early as A. D. 1512, being in possession of a manuscript copy of the Bible." The Tewksbury family early settled in Mas- sachusetts, intermarrying with the Sar- geants, "Winthrops and Worthings, of early collonial and revolutionary times. Until the age of fifteen Representative Tewksbury attended the public schools of the township where he was born. He then took a three years' course of in- struction at Harford University (old Franklin Academy of Susquehanna county), receiving the "certificate of scholarship," then granted by the faculty. He be- gan teaching public school near Millersburgin Dauphin county. Pa., when eighteen years of age, teaching more or less each year for nearly twenty years, part of the time in connection with farming. In 1860 he met with an accident, resulting in permanent physical disability, which incapacitated him for the more active duties of life. He is emphatically a farmer, li\ingonthe farm, yet intei-ested in other pursuits of a mercantile character. He has filled a number of local offices in his county and was a delegate to the Democratic convention in Allentown in 1883. He was elected to the house in 1890 and 1892, each time by a commanding ma- jority. As a candidate the last named year he had no opposition. In the Legis- lature he served on several of the most important committees. Among others he introduced bills to require seats to be furnished females employed in factories, to prohibit the issuing of free passes and discrimination in freights, to fix railroad fare at two cents a mile, for the introduction of free text books in the schools, to prohibit the employment of children under twelve years of age who have not at- tended school twelve weeks in a year, for the distribution of the State appropria- tion according to the number of months taught in the several districts, for a gen- eral borough law, for a commission to locate the forts of Pennsylvania prior to 1783 and for the exemption of forest lands connected with farms from taxation. Since 1856 Mr. Tewksbury has been actively working for the triumph of his party, believing that the best interests of the State and Nation demanded its success. He has devoted the best efforts of his life to the common school cause of Pennsylvania, as he thinks "Education is the Hand-maid of Religion." His family in their church relations are Methodists and he is a communicant in this church. He early entered the grange field in the interest of the farmer and home-owner, and has always demanded for them equal rights before the law. The young people have always found in him a true friend, the unfortunate a man with an open, helping hand, his enemies one ready to forgive and his friends one who never forgot or forsook them. 160 House of Representatives. ROBERT C. McMASTERS, of Craw- ford, was born near Adamsville, Crawford county, Pa., June 13, 1839. He is a son of John M. McMasters, one of the early settlers of western Crawford, who entered the primitive forests in his early life and lived to see them "blossom as the rose," dying at the age of eighty-seven years. Young Mc- Masters was educated in the common schools, at the Hartshorn Academy and Jamestown Seminary. He taught school during the winters of 1860 and 1861. August 16, 1862, Mr. McMasters enlisted in company H, One hundred and Forty-fifth regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers. His regiment was recruited by Colonel H. L. Brown, of Erie, and began active service at Antietam. Its next engagement was at Fredericksburg, where it suffered severely. Mr. McMas- ters was captured at Chancellorsville by the Confederates and taken to Libby prison. He was released on parole and returned to the Union lines, but not in time to participate in the battle of Gettysburg. From the time of his release until the close of the war Mr. McMasters participated in all the battles in which the Army of the Potomac took part until the close of the conflict at Appomattox. During the siege at Petersburg Mr. McMasters had command of companies H and G. At the close of the war he was mustered out of service and soon after entered the mercantile business at Adamsville, Pa, where he has lived ever since. In con- nection with his mercantile business he has been engaged in farming the past few years. Mr. McMasters is a director in the First National Bank of Greenville, Pa., and the secretary of Rocky Glen Cemetery. He was a member of the State Dem- ocratic Convention of 1892 and was postmaster at Adamsville from 1868 to 1872. He was a candidate for Assemblyman in the tall of 1893 and received the largest vote of any candidate on either ticket. He is a member of the House Committees on Banks, Military, Public Health and Sanitation and Vice and Immorality. Mr. McMasters championed the cause of the advocates of the co-operative bank bill and the measure to distribute the State appropriation to the common schools, pro- posing a radical change in the manner of the distribution of the appropriations. House of Representatives. 161 WILLIAM HENRY ANDREWS, of Crawford county, ex-chairman of the Republican State committee, was born in Youngsville, Warren county, Pa., January 14, 1842. His paternal ancestor fought under the banner of William the Conqueror, and was knighted for gallantry and meritorious services at the battle of Hastings, October 14, 1066. In after years his descendants maintained the reputation of their pro- genitor, and the family name will be found among England's truest patriots and bravest defenders for many cen- turies. On his mother's side Mr. An- drews is of Puritan descent, the first of his maternal ancestors in this country, dating his advent to America back to the earliest settlement made by the Pil- grims in Massachusetts. A great-grand- father on his mother's side of the family served in the Continental army during the revolution under Montgomery at the storming of Quebec; was with General Gates at the surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga, and with Washington at the surrender of CornAvallis atYorktown. An- other ancestor served under Washington throughout the entire struggle for inde- pendence. In the war of the rebellion also the family name was well represented among the defenders of the Union. His father, Dr. Jeremiah Andrews, was born in Mitchelltown, Ireland, educated in Dublin and emigrated to this country when twenty-five years of age. He was recognized as a skillful practitioner, and pos- sessed to a remarkable degree the esteem and confidence of the community in which he lived. Dr. Andrews' wife, the mother of W. H. Andrews, was a daughter of Dr. Noah Weld, a member of one of the oldest families and one of the best known and most respected citizens of Warren county. After obtaining such rudimentary education as the public schools of his time and section afforded, W. H. Andrews early in life entered upon a mercantile ca- reer, and up to the year 1880 was largely engaged in mercantile pursuits, part of the time in Cincinnati, O., and subsequently at Meadville and Titusville, Pa. During the year 1880 he was elected chairman of the Republican committee of Crawford county, a position he held for three successive terms, and in which his efficiency and aptitude for politics were demonstrated. He was again unani- mously elected in 1886. Early in his political career he develojied those charac- teristics which served to elevate him to the chairmanship of his party in Pennsyl- vania. He served with credit to himself and advantage to his part3' as first as- sistant secretary to the Repul)lican State Committee of Pennsylvania during the years 1887-88, and so ably did he discharge the duties to which he was assigned that his work obtained such liearty recognition at the hands of the old party leaders, who were so favorably impressed by his qualities for work and organiza- tion and his practical common sense that he Avas made chairman of the State com- mittee in 1888, and was unanimously re-elected in 1889 and again in 1890. Always a stalwart Republican and ever loyal to his associates under all condi- tions and every circumstance, Mr. Andrews is regarded with admiration by his friends and l)y those whom he opposes as an honorable and able antagonist. 11 162 House of Representatives. WE. McGILL, oi Crawford county, . was born in Woodcock townshi p, February 1, 1835. He was educated iu the common schools and brought up on a farm. He served three years as deputy sheriff of Crawford county, and for the last fourteen years has been en- gaged in the lumber business, stock raising and general farming. House of Representatives. 163 SAMUEL McCUNE WHERRY was boru January 5, 1840, near Ship- pensburg, Pa. He went through the schools of his native county and, in 1860, at the age of twenty years, grad- uated at Princeton College with one of the highest honors of his class. He then returned to his native county and studied law with the Hon. Frederick Watts, of Carlisle. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1872 and 1873, and took an active jwrt in the formation of the tundamental law of our commonwealth. For a num- ber of years he owned and edited the Carlisle Volunteer. In 1886 he was elected a member of the House of Rep- resentatives and served during the ses- sions of 1887 and 1889. In 1890 he was elected for a third term, an honor never before conferred upon a Representative of his county. He was a member of the State Revenue Commisiou of 1887 by ap- pointment of the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and a member of the same commission during the year 1889 by election of the House. At the session of 1889 he was the Democratic nominee for Speaker. In 1892 he was elected to the House of Representatives for the fourth time and was made chairman of the Democratic caucus of the House. His legislative e.xperience makes him an inval- uable member. In the session of 1893 he was placed upon the most important committees of the House — Ways and Means, Judiciary General, and also upon the Committee on Appropriations and Manufectures. His best work in the House has been in advancing and perfecting important bills. He never introduces a bill if he can find a suitable man to do it for him. His anti-discrimination bill is con- sidered by far the most just one ever ofl'ered in the House, and he is confident it will some da}^ become a law, as will also his measure to secure uniformity in divorce legislation. He has introduced a civil service measure, which extends the civil service rules of the United States to the State and municipal governments of Penn.sylvania, which he thinks bound to become a law. His bill regulating the .sinking fund, passed at the session of 1891, has worked like a charm. After the decision of the House in the contested election case of Higby r*. Andrews, he in- troduced and had passed a law retjuiring every elector to cast his ballot within the territorial limits of the district in which he is domiciled. The effect of this Irill will be to prevent such contests in the future and save to the State thousands of dollars. There are few if any men in the House whose influence upon legisla- tion is more potent for good than that of Mr. Wherry. He is an indefatigable worker. He scans legislation more closely, perhaps, than any other member. A defect in a bill, constitutional or otherwise, is quickly detected by him, and the suggestion of amendment comes in such friendly spirit that it is always adopted. He is a good fighter, too, and if he deems a bill an unjust measure, be its author friend or foe, he fearlessly states to the House his objections to it and does all in his power to strike it down. He is a forcible speaker and what he says he .says well. His occupation, he will tell you, is not that of a lawyer, editor or politi- cian, but a farmer for revenue only. 164: House of Representatives. GEORGE MORRIS ECKELS, born April 29, 1857 in Mechanicsbnrg, Cumberland count}', Pa. His father was a farmer and cooper. His ancestors were of Scotch-Irish descent. His great- grandfather when a child was brought to the United States by his father who settled in Western Pennsylvania, with his family, consisting of wife and four- teen children. None of his ancestors possessed means beyond the earnings of their labor. In their religious views they held to the Presbyterian faith. lu politics they were invariaijly Democrats. (JHJI^Hj^^HL ^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 Mr. Eckels received his education in the J^^Wpm^E^^^^^^^^^^^^B public schools of his native town from W^mmrn^..- j^^^^^^^^^^^H jggg ^^ jg-g jjj ^jjg latter year he en- tered a drug store at his home to learn the business. In January, 1877, he en- tered a drug store in Philadelphia and the same year became a student at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, where he graduated in the spring of 1879. He then returned to Mechanicsbnrg and formed a partnership with his younger brother, they having purchased the drug store in which both had served as clerks. They still continue as partners in the same business. In 1883 he was elected tran- scribing clerk of the House of Representatives and served during the regular and extra sessions of the Legislature ot that year. In the fall of 1883 he became a student in the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania and gradu- ated from that institution in May, 1885. Since that time he has practiced his pro- fession in his native town in connection with his drug business. In 1884 Mr. Eckels was fleeted a delegate from Cumberland county to the Democratic State Conven- tion by a vote of sixty-five out of sixty-six votes. The same year he was elected alternate delegate to the National Democratic Convention at Chicago. In 1890 he was elected a member of the House by a majority of about 700 and was re-elected in 1892 by an increased majority of over 200. Both times he was a candidate he carried his own native town, Mechanicsbnrg, which is largely Republican, the first time by a majority of 112, and the second time by 123. He served on the following committees : Centennial Affairs, Pensions and Gratuities, Insurance and Public Health and Sanitation. Mr. Eckels is quiet and unassuming, an active, earnest worker in the hall of the House and in committee room. He is always present at his post of duty and ever attentive to the interests of his constituents. He does not pose as a speaker, l)ut when occasion requires says what he has to say clearly, tersely and forcibly. House of Representatives. 165 GEORGE KUNKEL, the representa- tive of the First district of Dauphin county, is a native of Harrisburg. He was educated in the Gause and Seiler Academies of Harrisburg, and graduated in 1S76 from Franklin and Marshal Col- lege, at Lancaster, the second honor man of his class, delivering the Frank- lin oration. Judge Simonton became his tutor in the law. He was admitted to the bar of Dauphin county two years after his graduation from college, and forthwith entered upon the practice of his profession. Success at once demon- strated his fitness for his calling. From the lower courts he went into the su- preme court with a number of remark- iible cases and met with exceptional success, displaying a comprehensi\e knowledge of the law and an extraordi- nary faculty for concise and forcible reasoning. In 1885, after one of the most exciting contests ever had in the county, he was made the candidate for district attorney by the Republican party, and was elected by a handsome majority. His administration of the office exceeded the expectations of his friends, and avou for him high commendations from his fellow- members of the bar. In 1888 he was unanimously re-nominated and re-elected by the unprecedented majority of 3,700, receiving 1,600 majority in the city of Har- risburg, his home. As district attorney Mr. Kunkel proved himself a genius in arranging and dis- patching business, thus saving great and unnecessary expense to the county. In him the people found a fearless, wise and able champion to prosecute their cases. In his conduct of criminal cases his arguments showed him to be a master in mar- shaling facts and powerful and convincing in the presentation of the salient points of a case to a jury. In the administration of his office he increased the number of his friends by his courtesy and impartiality, making no distinction of persons or political affiliations. Mr. Kunkel is one of the leaders of the Dauphin county bar. He is popular not only with the young element, but commands the profound re- spect of all who are his seniors at the bar. He has won the confidence of the people generally without regard to party. Mr. Kunkel was elected to the Legislature in 1892, defeating his Democratic opponent by over 700 votes, although having been nominated but a few days be- fore the election. He at once took an active interest in the affairs of the House, and is one of the most popular members of that body. His colleagues have even not been slow to recognize his ability as a lawyer and legislator, and his advice is daily sought by them on matters pertaining to legislation. He is a member of the committees on Judiciary General, Legislative Apportionment, City Passenger Railways, and Constitutional Reform. He was a member of the sub-committee to draft a legislative apportionment bill, and was also .selected by Chairman Walton, of the Judiciary General Committee, to formulate an Anti-Pinkerton bill out of the five measures of this kind referred to the committee. 166 House of Representatives. M' fARTIN LANDIS HERSHEY is one of the genial, good-natured members of the House. He represents the Second district of Dauphin county, and was born April 1, 1857, at Derry, Dauphin county, almost within the shadow of the famous old Derry Pres- bj'terian church, where in ancient times the good man who attended services took his wife with him and listened to the sermon while he kept a lookout for Indians, who made repeated attacks on the old church. Dr. Hershey's father was a farmer, as was his father before him, and all were Pennsylvania born, living in the same locality for over seventy years. The young man was educated in the common schools and at the Lebanon Vallej- College, Annville, Pa., and then taught school in his native town for four years, achieving much success as an educator. His greatest wish was to study medicine and he chose as his preceptor Dr. W. C. Baker, of Hummelstown, Pa., and as his Alma Mater the famous old Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, graduating in 1883 with honors. He at once began the practice of medicine in Derry, and in a short time won fame as a practitioner throughout the lower end of Dauphin county. His many friends in 1890 presented his name to the Dauphin county Republican convention for member of the House of Representatives from the Second district, and was honored by nomination and election. He was an active legislator from the -start, and so well did he .serve his people that he was accorded a reelection in 1892 by the splendid majority of over 2,700, leading all of the other candidates. Dr. Hershey's ability was recognized in the formation of the committees. He was made chairman of the Committee on Health and Sanitation, and is a member of the committees on Appropriations, Congressional Apportionment and Constitu- tional Reform, all of them important and containing the best minds of the House. The State Fish Commission this year placed in Dr. Hershey's hands for introduc- tion in the Hou.se the bill making an appropriation for the carrying on of the work of lish propagation. House of Representatives. 167 JOHN ADAM LAUDENSLAGER, of the Second district, Dauphin county, was born in Lykens township, Dauphin county, Pa., in 1850. When but six years old both parents died, and I'rom that time he was nursed and cared for by relatives and kind friends. He attended the public schools of several towns, also the Berrysburg Seminary and Freeburg Academy. He began teaching in the public schools when he was eighteen years of age, but soon afterwards entered the mercantile business, in which he has since been successfully engaged. In 1880 he was elected justice of the peace ot Union- town borough without opposition, and in 1888 was unanimously elected a tax collector in that borough. He was elected in 1890 as school director, but resigned when elected as Representative. Since 1882 he has been manager of a large co-operative store under the Pennsyl- vania State Grange Patrons of Husbandry. Mr. Laudenslager has for many years been one of the Republican leaders in Dauphin county, and in recognition of his faithful party service he was nominated in 1890 and elected a member of the House of Representatives. In 1892 he was re-nominated, with practically no opposition, and was elected by a large majority. He takes an active interest in all legislation, especially that pertaining to the farmer, and is a member of the (Committee on Accounts, Geological Survey, Public Buildings and Centennial Affairs. Mr. Lau- denslager has attended as a delegate every Dauphin county Republican Conven- tion held in the past fifteen years. He is a member of the Patrons ot Hu.sbandry, Patriotic Order Sons of America, and Free and Accepted Masons. In 1872 he was married to Malinda Strohecker, of Lykens Valley. Their union has been blessed with two children. 168 House of Representatives. SAMUEL S. PAGE, sou of Dauiel Page and Mary Page, was born July 24, 1856, in Paxtang township, Dauphin county, Pa. He was educated in the Paxtang school and was raised a farmer. At the age of seventeen years he ap- prenticed himself to Peter Dunkel, of Oberliu, Pa., to learn the trade ot car- penter, at which he worked about seven years, three years of which time he carried on contracting, building a num- ber of houses, including a public school house. At the age of twenty-three years he was elected a justice of the peace of Swatara township, which office he held for thirteen years. He has been also extensively and successfully en- gaged in the real estate business, with office in Steelton. In 1893 at the Ke- publican County Convention he was unanimously chosen as the candidate of the Republican party for the office of member of the Second Legislative district of Dauphin countj' and was elected by the unusual majority, 2,600. He was ap- pointed on the following standing committees by Speaker Thompson : Insurance, Compare Bills, Vice and Immorality, Congressional Apportionment, Fish and Game of which committee he was chosen secretary. He introduced bills during the session of 1893. Bills to prohibit the killing of wild turkey for a period of three years, to compensate school directors and to compel them to visit schools, to regulate borough council and to make an appropriation for the paying of the ex- pense of the electoral of the State of Pennsylvania, in 1888. He enlisted in the Governor's Troop of Harrisburg for three years, attended encampment at Mount Gretna. When twenty-two years old he Avas married to Elizabeth E. Brehm, of Hummelstown, daughter of Dr. Samuel Brehm. Their children are Anna Mary. Jennie Pearl, Artie Levau, Lenmau Brehm, Edgar Silvestin and Faith G. His an- cestors George Page, came to this country in 1735, obtained a warrant from William Penn for 200 acres of land in Paxtang township, near Rutherford station, which land remains in po.ssession of the Page family, George Page, great-great grand- father and Frederick Page, great-grandfather and Daniel Page grandfather and Dauiel Page, father of Samuel S. Page, died on this farm. George Page attended church at the Paxtang church, was connected with what was known at that time as the " Paxtang boys " commanded by Colonel Elder. Samuel S. Page has always been a Republican and never missed an election. He served on the county com- mittee for a number of years and was twice elected a delegate to the county con- vention. He is a director in the Citizen's Passenger Railway Company, one of the Dauphin County Mutual Fire Insurance Company, one of the oldest fire insurance companies of the state He has one brother, J. Frank Page, postmaster at Oberliu, and one sister, Mrs. J. P. Keim, of Philadelphia. House of Representatives. 169 WARD R. BLISS was born in Lew- isburg, Union county, Pa., on De- cember 15, 1855, and is of New England descent. In 1874 he graduated from the University at Lewisburg (now Buck- nell University), in whicli his father was professor of Greek and Latin. The same year he removed to the city of Chester, Delaware county. He taught school while reading law and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1878. Since 1881 he has published a weekly legal journal, of which five volumes have been published in book form under the title of "The Delaware County Reports." He has also published a "Digest of the Local Laws of Delaware County." Since 1882 he has edited and published the Dela- ware County Bepuhlivan, the oldest news- paper in the county. In 1887 he was chairman of the Republican County Committee and in 1888 was elected the first time to the Legislature. He was re- elected in 1890 and 1892. In the present House he is chairman of the Committee on Judiciary Local and a member of the Committees on Municipal Corporations, Health and Sanitation, Printing and Congressional Apportionment. During t^je last two sessions his eflbrts in the Legislature have been devoted chiefly to the passage of a new quarantine bill for the port of Philadelphia, to secure better pro- tection to the people of the State and to compel the removal of the present Laza- retto out of Delaware county, where it has become a serious menace to the health of the people. 170 House of Representatives. THOMAS HENRY GARVIN, one of the Delaware county members of the House, Avas born in Philadelphia, October 23, 1857. While in that city he attended the public schools and a business college. At the age of sixteen his family removed to Sharon Hill, Delaware county, where he has resided ever since. The elder Garvin and his son are partners in the retail coal busi- ness in Philadelphia, and the latter is also in the real estate business in Dela- ware county. He is one of the incorpo- rators and general manager of the Sha- ron Hill Real Estate Company. He has served in the councils of his borough and also been' twice elected burgess of the place, filling the jwsition in 1891 and 1892. He was nominated to the Legislature after a spirited contest and elected by a large majority. Mr. Gar- vin comes from the district from which Representative Garrett was elected a mem- ber of the House. He was on the committees on Railroads, Legislative Apportion- ment, Fish and Game, Pensions and Gratuities and Compare Bills. Mr. Garvin has established a reputation for attentive and intelligent work in committee, and few members had a tighter hold on the friendship of his fellow Legislators. House of Representatives. 171 GEORGE E. HEYBURN was boru at Chadd's Ford, Birmingham town- ship, Delaware county. Pa., February 21, 1846. His father, who was born in 1801, on the farm the son now^ owns, was married to the daughter of Edward Brinton, who took part in the battle of lirandywine and whose father was among the early settlers who came from England and located in Birmingham township. Mr. Heybnrn was the youngest of twelve children, eight girls and four boys. All his brothers are dead, one of whom died in the army. Mr. Heyburn obtained his education in the public schools of his county. He was apprenticed to learn the carpenter- ing trade at sixteen years of age but after serving one year entered Maple- wood Institute at Concordville, under the instruction of Prof. Shortlidge, and after two terms in the institution finished his course of study at Chester Valley Academy at Coatesville, under Prof. Jonathan Taylor, graduating fourth in a class of twenty-five. He then returned to his home and engaged in farming, which oc- cupation he has followed since. In 1869 he married Sarah A., daughter of Robert Smith, formerly of Darby. He is a member of the Brandy wiue Baptist Church and has served fifteen years as superintendent of the Sunday-school connected with the congregation. He has been identified with the schools of his district for twelve years and served over eleven years as treasurer. He was elected president of the Delaware County Directors Association when organized and still retains the posi- tion. In 1890 he was a candidate for the House and received the support of eighty delegates in the convention held in that year. In 1892 he received the nomina- tion for member of the Legislature and was elected by a large majority. He has earned a good reputation as a speaker in Christian bodies and was earnestly urged in consequence by a number of clergymen who heard some of his addresses to enter the ministry. Mr. Heyljurn served on the Committees on Agriculture, Counties and Townships, Labor and Industry and Pensions and Gratuities, and is a mem- ber of Winomo Tril)e of Red Men No. 75, Legion of Red Cross and Knights of Honor. >^ 172 House of Representatives. CHARLES LUHR was born in the town of Forcheim, near the Rhine, iu the Grand Duchy of Baden, on Sep- tember 25, 1830. His father was born in 1800 and his mother in 1809 in the same place. The parents came to Amer- ica iu 1840 and settled at St. Marys. Elk county, Pa., then a vast wilderness. At that point they conducted the hotel business nearly thirty years. On Mr. Luhr's paternal and maternal side, fur- ther back even than his great-grand parents, this business was followed by his ancestors. His father died in 1880, but his mother is enjoying good health at the ripe age of eighty-four. He re- ceived a thorough education in the old country, and emigrated to the United States one year previous to the de- parture of his parents. He was then onl}' fifteen years of age. Shortly after arriving at New York he left for Baltimore, where he made his home for a year, and attended day and night school and attained his first education in the language of this country. In 1846 he joined his parents iu the wilds of Elk county, where he assisted them in their business and taught school, earning his own livelihood. After he reached his majority he took an active part in politics, and was honored by being elected to various offices in the gift of the people of Elk county. He filled different positions in the borough of St. Marys, covering a period of twenty- five years, and also served as associate judge, county treasurer and auditor. In 1890 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives by 172 majority, and in 1892 he was re-elected by a majority of 632. At both sessions of the Legis- lature he served on the Ways and Means and other important Committees, and at the session of 1893 he was one of the members of the new Committee on Fish and Game. Mr. Luhr has been engaged in mercantile pursuits since 1858, and has raised a family of six children, four of whom are in business for themselves and two are living at home. House of Representatives. 178 H' ENKY BUTTERFIELD, of Erie, was born in 1843 in Buffalo town- ship. Butler county, Pa. He was edu- cated in the public schools at Sharps- burg and at the Western Univer,sity at Pittsburg. "When a boy he removed to the city of Erie where he has since re- sided. He was appointed to a clerkship in the office of the prothouotary of Erie county when in his teens and was sub- sequently promoted to de^nity prothouo- tary. He was transcribing clerk of the House of Representatives in 1864 and 186.5. The same year Governor Curtin appointed him clerk to the courts of Erie county to fill an unexpired term, and he was subsequently elected for the full term. While filling this office he read law and was admitted to the bar. Soon after he was appointed district at- torney' to fill a vacancy. In 1873 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives from Eric county and he served in the session of 1874, at which session the city of Erie was made a separate legislative district. At the expiration of his term he was unanimously renomi- nated, but (to use his own language) was almost unanimously defeated by Hon. William Henry, a Pemocrat. Mr. Butterfield was elected to the Senate in 1875 for the short terra under the new constitution and was re-elected for a full term in 1876, serving until 1881. He continued in active practice of the law from his admission to the bar until 1892 when he was again elected to the Hou.se of Representatives, defeating his Democratic opponent by nearly 200 votes in a strong Democratic district. Mr. Butterfield takes a i^rominent part in the proceedings of the House. He is a member of the Committees on Judiciary General, Elections, Federal Relations and Manufactures, and chairman of the Committee on Public Grounds and Buildings, and reported the bill for im^jroving the capitol and building a fire-proof state library and appropriating S;625,000 for the .same. A member of the special com- mittee to investigate the charges of corruption made against certain members of the House incident to the bill abolishing the public building commi.>^ 218 House of Representatives. HERMAN H. NORTH is one ol the well-known attornej's of Mc- Kean county, who has gained for himself au enviable reputation. He was l)orn in Patterson, Juniata county, Pa., 1852, and is the son of Hon. James North, who continues to reside in Juni- ata county. The subject of this sketch was given a liberal education, having successfully attended Airy View Acad- emy, at Port Royal, Pa., and Chambers- burg Academy, at Chambersburg, Pa., from which latter institution he entered the College ot New Jersey, at Princeton, graduating in 1873. Subsequently he entered the Albany Law School, Albany, New York, and after a full course, gradu- ated in 1875. lu 1875 Mr. North located at Indian- apolis, Ind., entering the office of Mc- Donald & Butler, one of ''the foremost law firms of that state, the senior member of the firm, Hon. Joseph E. McDonald, being at the time United States Senator. Owing to the climate, Mr. North was unable to remain in Indianapolis, and returned the following year to Pennsyl- vania. For a number of j'ears his health was so poor that he was incapacitated for office business, and in 1880 removed to Bradford, McKean county, where he became extensively engaged in the oil iudustrj^ and in the course of three or four years regained his health and commenced the practice of his profession. He has been identified with many of the most prominent litigations in the county and enjoys the confidence of all who know him. Mr. North has always taken considerable interest in politics, having served as committeeman in his native county of Juniata; also as a member of the Republi- can State committee in 1878, and for a number of years as a member and secretary of the City Republican committee of Bradford. He was elected chairman of the Republican county committee of McKean county in 1890 and 1891, and managed the campaigns of those years in a highly satisfactory manner. At the meeting of the Republican county convention of McKean county in July, 1892, Mr. North was unanimously chosen one of the candidates ot his party for memlier of Assem- bly and was elected the following November by a handsome majority. In 1891 Mr. North was elected city solicitor of the city of Bradford, and served as such until January, 1893, when he resigned to assume the office of Representative in the State Legislature. During the session of the Legislature of 1893 Mr. North took an active and prominent part in the most interesting discussions before the House. He is a man of positive convictions, and, although having expressed himself to a degree of de- fiance, he neither merited nor received the ill-will of any one of his fellow mem- bers, but on the contrary won for himself their friendship and esteem. House of Representatives. 219 VV three AM H. MILLER, one of the Mercer county in the House, was born October 29, 1846, near Newburg, Orange county. New York, on a farm along the Hudson river. In 1856 he made his home in Honesdale, Wayne county, Pa., and remained there until 1869, when lie removed to Sharon, Mercer county. After passing a short time at Youngs- town, Ohio, he located at Greenville, his present home. In 1872, after re- turning to Mercer county, he married the oldest daughter of William Laird, the founder of the opera house at Green- ville. Mr. Miller's father was a de- scendant of the Huguenots, and settled in Connecticut, and his grandfather fought in the revolutionary war. His mother, whose maiden name was Alice McCormick, was born in Ireland. Mr. Miller was educated in common and private schools and taught one term at Cas- tor school house in Crawford county. He is a horse shoer by trade and carries on the business at his home. He does only light shoeing, for which he has a reputation excelled by none. He is prominently connected with workingmen's organizations. The esteem in which he is held by labor associations materially contributed to the large majority by which he was elected a member of the House, having received the next highest vote on the Eepublican ticket and having run ahead of President Harrison. In the town of Greenville, his home, he was given the largest vote ever polled for a candidate for oflBLce. He has been a devoted sup- porter of the principles of the Republican party and has defended it on the plat- form, and in the press and in debates, and has gained considerable prominence as a debater on the taritf question. He is a firm believer in high protection, in ex- cluding all foreign productions the like of which can be produced in this countrj-, and admitting free only those which we can not pn duce. He has figured con- spicuously in the local politics of his county. Mr. JNIiller has been a regular at- tendant on the sessions of the House and has made a useful and popular member of it. He served on the Committees of Labor and Industry, Elections, Constitu- tional Reform, Accounts and Library, and was a member of the sub-committee which inquired into the contested election case originated by Mr. Okell, of Scran- ton, to oust Representative Qninnan. 220 House of Representatives, W ILLIAM F. REED, oue of the Rep- resentatives from Mercer county, was born in Coolspring township, in that county, October 10, 1849. He re- ceived a common school education in the public schools of that county. He also attended the academy at New Leb- anon, Pa. He is engaged in farming and dealing in stock and has been very successful in both. As a Republican he has always been a faithful and tireless worker for the cause of the party. He was a delegate to the State Republican Convention which met in Harrisburg in 1885. He has frequently been a dele- gate to county Republican conventions. Mr. Reed was elected a member of the House of Representatives in 1892 and is serving his first term. He is a member i>f the Committees on Ways and Means, Insurance, Banks, Centennial Affairs and Agriculture. He takes a keen interest in the affairs of the House and is rarely out of his seat. He is a good talker and never fails to cast his vote for the bills in which his constituents are directly interested. Mr. Reed occupies a seat on the minority side of the hall of the House by the side of his colleague. He was mar- ried in 1871 and has five children. #^^v House of Representatives. 221 ISAAC H. ROBB, of Mercer county, A was boru in Mill Creek, Mercer county, Pa., and was educated in the public schools and at the New Lebanon Academy, which institution he attended lor four years. He taught school with much success for several years and then Ijegan the study of the law with Grif- tith & Mason. He was admitted to the bar of Mercer county on October 23, 1873, and has since been engaged in the practice of his profession at Sandy I^ake, Pa. He has been twice elected burgess ot Sandy Lake and has .served two terms as school director and two terms as councilman. Mr. Robb takes an active interest in politics and in recognition of his party service he was nominated by the Rei^ub- licans of his county in 1892 for the Leg- islature and elected by a large ma- jority. He is a member of the Committees on Judiciary Local, Counties and Townships, Iron and Coal and Congressional Apportionment. Among the most important bills introduced by Mr. Robb was one which empowers courts of com- mon pleas to decree a private sale in the case of an assignment for the benefit of creditors. The bill has already passed in the House and has gone to the Senate for concurrence. Mr. Robb is married and has three children. He has served re- peatedly as a delegate to county Republican conventions. 222 House of Representatives. JOSEPH H. McCLINTIC, of Mifflin J county, was born in Union township, that county, on June 23, 1846. His father, of Irish extraction, was a farmer and a native of this state. The subject of this sketcli attended the public schools of his native township but be- fore his studies had been completed in December, 1862, when only sixteen years of age. enlisted as private in the army and served nine months in the Nineteenth regular infantry, company B, when he was promoted to a lieutenancy and detached from his command, in which he was at the time serving, and transferred to a camp of instruction be- low Washington, D. C, for the purpose of giving instructions to and drilling the colored troops assigned to him for the Union armies. He remained at this place only four months, when he re- signed his position as instructor, for the purpose of entering the Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania volunteer infantry .service, in which command he was assigned to company A, and with his regiment participated in the battles of Mouocacy Junc- tion, Berrysville and Cedar Creek. In the latter engagement he was so seriously wounded, October 19, 1864, that he lost his right leg, which was amputated at the hip-joint. The operation was performed on the field and three days and three nights elapsed before he was removed to the hospital for treatment. After his re- covery he was placed in command of an invalid corps and served in it until his discharge by reason of the close of the war. After his discharge from the army he attended school for several terms at Baltimore, Md., and Reading, Pa., and subse- quently engaged in the calling of school teacher. He also followed the occupation of a farmer. Mr. McClintic is a Republican in politics and has filled various town- ship offices in Mifflin county. He takes an active part in the political contests of his party and has twice been returned to the House, serving in that capacity in the sessions of 1891 and 1893. At the latter session he was chairman of the Pen- sions and Gratuities committee and a member of Appropriations, Counties and Townships and Compare Bills committees. When not engaged with his legislative duties he follows the occupation of a farmer. A fact worthy of note is that Mr. McClintic's paternal and maternal great-grandfathers served in the armies of the Colonies during the revolutionary war on the American side. House of Representatives. 223 RICHARD F. SCHWARZ, represent- ing the county of Monroe, was bom near Berlin, Germany, October 31, 1853. His father, Frederick Schwarz, ■who, after a limited education, started in life as a commercial traveler had, before his marriage, founded a wall- paper factory and became one the largest manufacturers in his line in Germany. The government, recognizing his ability in commercial pursuits, created him in 1872 a "counselor of commerce," a position of high honor in that land. Representative Schwarz received a thor- ough education in the Ducal primary and high schools at Dessau Germany, and was lifted for commercial life in the Ducal College,' located at the same place. His father, thoroughly believing in the educational effect of travel, yearly took his son on trips to various parts ot Europe. While the eldest son entered and finally took entire charge of the great business built up by the father, the younger son, Richard F. Schwarz, came to New York early in 1871, traveled commercially over the greater part of the States. Tiring of this, became book-keeper of a great Chicago firm, but was finally forced by ill health to give up city and traveling life. It was then, in 1875. that he settled in Moui'oe county, and on a modest scale started market gardening and fruit growing, a business which he has since successfully' developed. Since his natura- lization he has been active in politics as an ardent Democrat, represented his township in the county committee for a number of years, and his county on the State Central Committee for three years, and as a delegate in several of the state conventions. He was a member of the State Committee under Mr. Hensel which conducted the first election of Governor Pattison. He has successively held the office of school director, auditor and justice of the peace, the latter of which he held at the time of his election to the Legislature. After a hard-fought battle for the nomination he was elected to the House by a majority of 1,702, his Republi- can opponent being one of the most popular young lawj'ers of the county. ]\Ir. Schwarz was appointed on the Committees on Geological Survey, Pension and Gratuities, Fish and Game and Counties and Townships. In the latter commit- tee he took so prominent a part in the discussion of new road legislation that he was appointed by the chairman of the agricultural delegation one of six House members on a joint committee of House and Senate to formulate a general road law. 224 House of Representatives. FRANKLIN A. COMLY was a son of the late Samuel Willett Comly and nephew and namesake of the late Franklin A. Comlj% president of the North Peunsj'lvauia railroad from 18.17 until his death, in 1887. His father was in the milling business at the old Spruce mill, on the Wissahiekon creek, below Thorp's lane, Chestnut Hill. In 1850 he moved to the mill in "White Marsh, where Franklin A. Comly was born February 17, 1856. He acquired his schooling in the district until he went to Swarthmore College, Delaware county,in 1 872. After serving two terms he entered the Friends' Central school, Fifteenth and Race streets, and then took a business course at Bryant &Staf- fon's. Tenth and Chestnut streets, Philadelphia, after which he became connected with the Bound Brook rail- road iu the freight depot, when the road opened in 1876, at Second and Berks .streets. In 1878 he received the contract to deliver all the New York freight of the Bound Brooke railroad in Philadelphia. After two years he connected himself with the Produce Commission business on South Water street, Philadelphia. In May, 1884, his father died, and he took charge of the farm until, in 1890. the Pennsylvania railroad bought the farm, as the New Trenton Cut-off railroad runs through it. Mr. Comly was born in White Marsh township, and lived in the same district when elected to the Legislature in November, 1892. Montgomery county was exceptionally close, three candidates being elected by less than ten votes, one of them (the sherift') only having one majority in a vote of over 28,000. Mr. Comly took great interest in the Norristown Insane Asylum appropriation and the Boyer bill relating to fraternal societies. He is a Republican and does not take much stock in reformers or independents. House of Representatives. 225 J' 'OHN BEANS GOENTNER was born in Lancaster county June 27, 1847, his parents soon after returning to the old homestead farm near Hatboro, Mont- gomery county, wliere his ancestors have lived over one hundred years and where his mother still resides. He was brought up on the farm, educated at the public schools and in old Loller Acad- emy. From the age of fifteen to twen- ty-two he worked on his father's farm. He then taught school successfully in Chettenham, Horsham and White Marsh townships for several years. He has always been actively interested in the advancement of literature. While teach- ing he organized a successful lyceum in each of the schools. In 1878 he mar- ried, purchased and moved to " Willow- brook," a farm in Abington township, where he still resides. He has always iaken an active part in politics, being a delegate to a countj- convention before he cast his lirst vote. He was delegate to the State Republican League at Scranton in 1891 and alternate from the Seventh congressional district to the National Re- publican League Convention at Buffalo, N. Y., in September, 1892. He was school director and justice of the peace a number of years, which latter position he resigned on his election to the Legislature. He was candidate for Legislature in 1890, receiving 227 of the 241 votes in the nominating convention, and although over one thousand votes ahead of his party candidate for Governor, was defeated hy eight votes, receiving 12,541 votes to 12,549 for his opponent. In 1892 he was re-nominated and elected, receiving the highest vote on the legislative ticket. He has been in his seat at every session. He is secretary of the Committee on Geo- logical Survey and an active member on the Committees on Education, Health and Sanitation and Fish and Game, and carefully watched the interests of his constitu- ents on the Legislative and Congressional Apportionment Committees. He intro- duced a bill to form a 'new Normal school district so as to provide a school for Montgomery county at Souderton ; also a bill on road legislation ; one to increase powers of justices of the peace; one to provide for an additional officer in the Ag- ricultural Department to be known as Dairy and Food Commissioner. He is in- terested actively in the passage of the following bills : To purchase Valley Forge as a National park; to place control of hospitals for insane receiving State aid under control of trustees; providing female physicians for female patients; one for the aid of secret societies. While teaching he spent part of his vacation travel- ing through the western states and territories and came back and settled in Montgomery county which he says is the " garden of the world," and his own ■district the flower bed of the ijarden. 15 226 House of Representatives. ^msm 1 1 ''"^H N pf«iS 1 Wi BWITMAN DAMBLY was born • in the village of Skippack, Mont" gomery county, [Pa., August 26, 1864. His education was received in the pub- lic schools of that village, which he at- tended until his fourteenth year, when he entered the printing office of his father, the late A. E. Dambly, who published the German Der Nenlralisf, one of the oldest German weeklies in the state. In 1885 Mr. Dambly's father died, when he undertook the manage- ment of the business and assumed edi- torial control of the paper. In 1888 the estate, in the name of which the busi- ness was continued and still is, started an English weekly paper in connection with the German and named it The 3Iontgomery Transcript. Mr. Dambly also assumed the editorial management of this paper, which, although less than five years old, is one of the most successful- weeklies in that county of many pa- pers, there being upwards of forty. Both papers have large and influential circu- lations and are stalwart Republican. Der Neutralist is the German Republican or- gan of the county. Mr. Dambly served as secretary of the Republican county committee of Mont- gomery county from 1889 to 1892. He was a member of the Republican Executive committee for three years and its secretary in 1891. In 1889 he was elected dele- gate to the Republican state convention at Harrisburg. He has been serving as school director of his township since 1891. He is a director of the Perkiomen Val- ley Building and Loan Association of Collegeville and president of the Skippack Society for the Recovery of Stolen Horses. Since 1887 he has been superintendent of the Sunday School of his native village. At the Republican county convention of his county in the fall of 1892 there were twelve candidates for the Assembly. Mr. Dambly was one of the five named on the first ballot for that ofiice, his vote being third highest. At the November election he was elected by eight majority. Mr. Dambly is unmarried. During the session of the Legislature'Mr. Dambly served on the following com- mittees: Banks, Centennial Affairs, Geological Survey, Printing, Public Health and Sanitation. His part in legislation consisted in the introduction of the follow- ing bills: " To amend section sixth of the act extending the power of the several courts of the commonwealth to appoint election officers in certain cases;" "to provide for the discharge from any hospital for the insane of insane persons charged with and acquitted of crime; " "to continue the state weather service in this com- monwealth for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the United States signal service and making an appropriation of $8,000." Mr. Dambly is in possession of his familj' history, which dates from the year 1112. The first known member of the family was Gibon of Ambly, who was a resident of the province of Champagne, where he owned large estates. Representative Dambly is the third youngest mem- ber of the House. House of Representatives. 227 pEORGE C. HOLLENBACH was vJ born November 7, 1849, in Potts- grove township, Montgomery county, Pa. His father died about six months afterward. He worked on a farm and attended the public school until the age of thirteen, after which he began boat- ing on the canal, which he followed for six years, when he entered the employ of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail- road Company as lineman until the age of twenty-four. For two years he fol- lowed huckstering and then began farm- ing. In 1876 he entered the mercantile, together with the Agricultural Imple- ment and real estate business, farming and fruit raising at Sanatoga, Pa., in which he is still engaged. He had been postmaster at Sanatoga, Pa., for the past seventeen years, which position he re- signed on December 31, 1892. He is a director in the Citizens' National Bank of Pottstown, Pa., and of the American Protective Association of Reading, Pa. He is at present auditor of the township in which he lives and also a member of the Royal Arcanum and the Odd Fellows Lodge. He is a member of the Immanuel Luthern church of Pottstown, Pa., and has been a constant member of the Sanatoga Union Sunday school for the past seventeen years. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1892. He was married in 1872, and has two sons, who are engaged in business with him. He is a member of the Committee on Agriculture, Banks, Counties and Town- ships, Fish and Game and Labor and Industry, in all of which he took an active part. He also displaced much interest in the revision of the road laws. He introduced bills for the extinguishment of dower laws, and to make an appropria- tion to the Pottstown hospital. 228 House of Representatives. AUSTIN L. TAGGART, better known tliroughout Pennsylvania as "Far- mer" Taggart, was born in Tamaqua, Schuylkill county, November 21, 1836, and is now in the full vigor of a hearty manhood. His father was a merchant and lumber dealer, and back of him is a long line of ancestors who came to Pennsylvania in 1740 and helped to make up the sturdy land of early set- tlers who believed in independence of thought and action. Mr. Taggart's great-grandfather was a revolutionary soldier and was killed in battle. In 1850 Mr. Taggart's father moved to Montgomery county, when the young man was educated at public and private schools. At an early age he began work as a surveyor, and ran the lines and made the maps for a number of counties in Michigan, at the time a growing territory. Returning to Norristown he engaged in the mercantile business, and leaving that began farming on a tract of land three miles from Valley Forge. He is one of the best-known farmers in the country because he has always cared for the interests of the farmer. He declined all offices except that of assessor, until 1886 when the Republicans insisted on naming him for the Legislature. This nomination he accepted with reluctance, but after his election he entered upon his legislative duties heartily and earnestly. He was re-elected in 1888, 1890 and 1892, and in that time had charge of the im- portant Granger tax bills prepared and endorsed by the State Grange Patrons of Husbandry, for which he made a gallant fight. He was on many important com- mittees, chairman of some because of his recognized ability in certain directions, and is now serving on the Committees on Railroads, Public Buildings, Accounts. Mr. Taggart was a member of the Twentieth Pennsylvania cavalry regiment dur- ing the war, serving in the emergency attendant iipon Lee's raid, and doing duty along the Potomac river. He has been a member of the Grange since 1874, serving as master and overseer, and is a member of the legislative committee of the State Grange. Personally Mr. Taggart is a most companionable gentleman, and is fully worthy of the popular esteem in which be is held. He is a deep thinker, does not act on impulse, but when he has made up his mind concerning the just position to take, he adheres to it no matter what the opposition. On the floor of the House he says what he has to say tersely and ably, and in argument is convincing. Mr. old farm. House of Representatives. 229 pHARLES I. BAKER, of Montgom- ^-^ ery, was born in Narriton townshipi October 3, 1852, and is a member of one of the oldest and best known families in Eastern Pennsylvania. He was edu- cated in the township schools and at the Tremont Seminary, Norristown. Alter working on a farm and serving an ap- prenticeship at the carpentering trade he entered the mercantile business, in which he is still engaged, with a nat- ural inclination for politics. He has lived in the city of Norristown since 1870. He has for a number of years represented the ward in which he lives in the Democratic standing committee, and was for two terms secretary of this organization. He was chairman of the Democratic Borough Executive commit- tee of Norristown during 1892-3, and for two years has been one of the fore- most members of the executive committee of the Democratic societies of Pennsyl- vania. In 1884 he represented Montgomery county at the State Democratic con- vention which met at Harrlsburg, and was chairman of the delegation from that county. Two years subsequent he was nominated for the Legislature by the Democrats of Montgomer}' county, but, with the remainder of the ticket, he was defeated by a few votes. In the fall of 1890 he was again honored by his party with the nomination for the Legislature, was elected and served through the ses- sion of 1891. His services as a legislator brought him into prominence with the people and so satisfactorily were they regarded in the estimation of his constituents that in 1892 he was renominated. After a most vigorous contest he was the only Democratic candidate for the Legislature elected in that campaign from Mont- gomery county, his majority being twenty out of a poll of 27,104 votes, defeating Austin L. Taggart. Mr. Baker was sworn in as a member of the House of Representatives on Janu- ary 2, 1893. Mr. Taggart at once filed a notice of contest, alleging that fifty-nine students of St. Charles Borromeo Seminary, a Catholic institution located at Over- brook, Montgomery county, had illegally cast their votes lor Mr. Baker. The contestant claimed that these students had no residence within the meaning of the law to entitle them to vote in Montgomery county. After liearing their testi- mony the Republican members of the House Elections committee, who consti- tuted a majority, reiwrted against the legality of Mr. Baker's election. The Demo- cratic members of the committee filed a minority report, declaring INIr. Baker's election legal, and maintaining the right of the theologians to vote. On April 18, 1893, the House, by a partisan vote, adopted the majority report, thus depriving him of his seat, to which he claims he was legally elected by the people of his na- tive county. 230 House of Representatives. JOHN K. GERINGER, of Danville, J Montour county, was born August 2, 1852, in the county which he has twice had the honor of representing in the House of Representatives. He was edu- cated in the public schools. For several years he was engaged in the hotel busi- ness until about six years ago, since which time he has been dealing very extensively in lumber. He is a Jack- sonian Democrat and a tireless worker for the cause of his party. He has served a number of times as delegate to county and State Democratic conven- tions. He was for a long time a mem- ber of council at his home and is now serving his second term as water com- missioner, a position he is qualified in every way to fill with credit to himself and his constituents. Mr. C4eringer was elected a member of the House of Representatives in 1891 and in 1892 was re-elected by the largest majority ever given any candidate in Montour, which is of itself abundant proof of his popularity and the high esteem in which he is held by the people of that section. He is a member of the Committees on Elections, Insurance, Judicial Ap- portionment and Coal and Iron. The most important bill introduced by him was one which provides for an appropriation of $150,000 to the Danville State Lunatic Hospital. The bill will undoubtedly become a law. His ancestors on his fiither's side were Moravians and were among the most respected residents of Northampton county. His mother's maiden name was Angeline Smith. Her parents resided in the adjoining county, Lehigh, and were well known and respected by the people in that locality. Mr. Geringer is married and has three children — William C, Laura K. and Nellie. House of Re2Jresentatives. 231 L. J. BROUGHAL, of Northampton '• county, was born January 22, 1856, in South Bethlehem, the Gibralter of Democracy of that county. He received his education iu the public schools of his native borough, was a general favor- ite among his class-mates, and gradu- ated at the early age of thirteen years. After he had mastered his studies he entered the employ of the Bethlehem Iron Company, and by rapid advances and careful attention to the duties that his work demanded of him was pro- moted in the company's employ until he became the boss roller in charge of the merchant mill rolls, which position he has held for many years. When twenty-one years of age he was elected assessor of his borough and he also held the position of borough councilman, which position he resigned to accept his election as one of the Representatives from his county in the Legislature. He was a delegate from his county to the Democratic State convention in 1884 and again in 1891. He has always taken very great interest in the campaigns of his party and is an active politician in the borough where he resides as well as in the count J' at large. The interests of his constituents are carefully guarded by Mr. Broughal. He is a member of the Committees on Iron and Coal, Congressional Apportionment and City Passenger Railways. He presented and took a keen in- terest in the bill for an appropriation of S10,000 to St. Luke's Hospital of South Bethlehem. In 1888 he was one of the organizers of the South Bethlehem National Bank and since that time has been a member of the board of directors of the bank. •fs^VGNm^l^/l^fr ■^J'-^ ^ 1>32 IJouse of Representatives. C, B. Z CLICK, of Northampton county, was born June 30, 1836, in Easton, and received a common school education. At the completion of his school days he entered the book and music store of his father, Anthony Zulick, in Easton. In 1858 he asso- ciated himself with his father under the name of A. Zulick & Son, and carried on the same business under the firm name until 1870, when the elder Zulick died and the subject of this sketch suc- ceeded to the business, which he con- tinued until 1876. Since that time he has been sales agent for anthracite and bituminous coal operators. Mr. Zulick is a Democrat and has been actively as- sociated in all of his party's political work for almost forty years, and has been a member of the Democratic County Committee for over one-half of this time. He has served as treasurer of the Easton City Democratic Executive Committee for four years. He has been a State Bank Assessor of this state for two years, and in 1892 he was elected one of the Representatives from Northampton county to the House. Mr. Zulick is one of a family of six brothers who have been active and successful business men. Colonel Thomas C. Zulick, the eldest brother, was for a number of years connected with the Mine Hill and Schuylkill Valley railroad before and after its connection with the Philadelphia and Reading rail- road, and was the general superintendent of the Canal company over which the shipments of coal from Schuylkill Haven (then the principal point of departure of coal from the Schuylkill region for the Sea Board and other points of distribution) was made. Another brother was the Hon. C. Meyer Zulick, atone time Governor of Arizona. Mr. Zulick at the session of 1893 was assigned to the Committees of Federal Relations, Constitutional Reform and Counties and Townships. House of Representalivea 23^ W 'ILLIAM HENRY WOODRING, of Northamptou county, was born December 7, 1854, in Upper Nazareth township of the same county. His father taught school for thirty-five years and served one term as county commis- sioner, from 1874 to 1877. Representa- tive Woodring attended the common schools of his county until he was four- teen years old, when he began clerking in a mercantile house, continuing until 1874. He then took a course in East- man's National Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York, from which he graduated. He again connected him- self with the mercantile business and remained in it until 1878, when he en- tered Lafayette College at Easton, Pa. In 1881, afler three years' schooling in that institution, he read law and Avas admitted to the Northampton county bar in 1885. In 1888 lie entered the mercantile business and prosecuted it and stock farming since that time in connection with the practice of the law. Mr. Woodring was a member of the National Guard from 1874 to 1879, and partici- pated in the fight directed against the rioters at Reading in 1877, resulting in the death of a number of people. He was then a member of the Easton Grays, with which organization he was connected lor five years. He was elected to the first political oftice when the Democrats of Northampton county chose him to represent them in part in the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania. He served on the Committees of Judiciary General, Corporations, Ways and Means and Elections, and made himself useful on all of them. 234 House of Representatives. PETER JOSEPH CRISTE, one of the two Representatives from North- umberland county, was born at Summit, Cambria county, Pa., on October 11, 1836. In the public schools he received the rudiments of an education, and be- ing of a studious turn of mind he sup- plemented this by a course of study and reading iu the seclusion of his home. He learned the trade of a carpenter while yet a boy, and in the summer he plied the jack-plane and in the winter the birch. During three terms he taught school and had the reputation of being an excellent disciplinarian. He was elected school director and justice of the peace in the borough of Loretto, in his native county, in the year 1860. Mr. Criste, with his family, moved to Northumber- land county and settled at the beauti- ful town of Milton on the Susquehanna iu the year 1865. Here he was elected justice of the peace and served for a third term. He was auditor ot his township for twelve years, and his audits were mod- els of neatness and accuracy. After learning the carpenter trade, and becoming a practical builder, he studied architecture and became as successful in that busi- ness as he had been in others. He has been for many years a familiar figure in the Democratic County conventions of Northumberland county. In 1890 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives by a majority of 749, a very creditable majority inasmuch as the county that two .years before had been swept into the Republican column. In 1892 he received about the same majority. In the session of 1893 he was placed on the Committees of Accounts, Public Health and Sanitation, Fish and Game, Labor and Industry, and Ways and Means. It was Mr. Criste who introduced iu the House the resolution creating the Game and Fish Committee, and had he been in political accord with the Speaker, would doubtless have been its chairman. He had charge of the bill for the protection of game in the House, conceded on all sides to be the best bill of the kind ever before our Legislature. House of Representatives. 235 TSAIAH JACOB RENN was born in 1 Lower Augusta township, North- umberland county, on May 30, 1842. Like his father before him, Mr. Renn follows the occupation of farming. The uneventful life of the farmer boy has been his, though he belongs to a family of politicians, and has varied the mo- notony of farm life with the excitement of politics. He has represented his party in county convention, held the office of overseer of the poor, auditor and justice of the peace in his native township. He was holding the latter ofKce when the people called him up higher and made him their representa- tive. Other branches of the family claim they can prove their descent from Sir Christopher Aren, the great archi- tect, but Mr. Kenn cares little for pedi- gree, and values a man for what he shows himself to be. He received his early education in.the public schools of his native county, and has ever been quiet and industrious inj.his tastes. His advice in political matters is highly regarded by his associates. In 1890 he was elected to the House of Representatives by 769 majority over a popular competitor. Old Northumberland, before this, had been very close politically, and was carried for the first time in its history in a Presi- dentian election by Benjamin Harrison in 1888. Through the influence of such conservative Democrats as Mr. Kenn the county is now safely anchored in the Democratic column. In 1892 Mr. Renn was again elected by about the same ma- jority he receivedjin 1890. At the session of 1893 he was placed on the Commit- teelon Agriculture, Federal Relations, Iron and Coal, and Public Buildings. He belongs' to what is known as the "rural combine," and in a quiet way makes his influence felt among his associates. 286 House of Repi^eseniatives. r OSEPH W. BUCK WALTER, wlio J represents Perry countj' in the House, was born in Wallace township, Chester county, February 22, 1850, his father of German and his mother of Scotch descent. In 1852 his family moved to Juniata township, Perry county. He obtained his education in the common schools of his adopted township and in the Bloomfield and Landisburg Academies. After he bad completed his education he taught school live terms in the winter and de- voted his time in the summer to farm- ing. For several years he kept a gen- eral store at Newport. Eleven years of his life were taken up as a commercial traveler, during which time he also supervised a farm which he owns in Miller township, Perry county, where he now resides. He was secretary of the school board in his townshii) until he was elected a member of the Legisla- ture, when he resigned the position. He also served as census enumerator for two districts in his county. He has repeatedly represented the Kepublican party in local conventions. His popularity was shown in the big run he made when a can- didate for the Legislature. Perry county is very close, politically, but he emerged from his contest with a majority of 362, which greatly exceeded that obtained by any other man on the Republican ticket. Mr. Buckwalter has not figured much in the discussions of the House, but he has attended to all his legislative duties with fidelity. He served on the following committees : Agriculture, Education, Elections, Fish and Game and Railroads. House of Representatives. 23' I- JOHN A. KIPP was born in Greene township. Pike county, Pa., on the 22d day of February, A. D., 1849. He is the fifth son of a family of twelve children, attended a common school of his neighborhood up to the age of fourteen and worked on a farm and lum- ber woods for his father until he became twenty-one years of age. After arriving at his majority, he started out in pur- suit of an education by earning his own way as the opportunity offered. At the age of twenty-two he entered the State Normal school at Mansfield, Tioga county. Pa., where he continued during the winter term for three successive years, then changing to the State Nor- mal school at Millersville, Lancaster county, where he spent three terms of school. He then began the profession of teaching, taught at Sylvania, Tioga county, at Mountain House, Monroe <;ounty, at Kipptown and Sugarhill, where he first attended school in Pike county, and at Newfoundland, Wayne county. Pa. He was married to Adelia C. Wolfe, of South Sterling, Wayne county. Pa., in 1875. He was elected county superin- tendent of the schools of Pike county in May, 1878, and was re-elected to that po- sition four times and served until November 30, 1892, when he resigned to take his .seat in the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania, to which position he had been elected in November, 1892. He entered the study of law at the age of thirty-six vears in the office of Hon. D. M. Van Auken at Milford, Pa., and was admitted to practice in his native county at the age of forty. Has twice filled the office of chief burgess of Milford borough, twice served as Democratic chairman of his county and served on the following committees in the House of Representatives : Judi- ■ciary General, Public Buildings, Legislative Apportionment. Mr. Kipp took an active interest in the game and fish bill before the House. 238 House of Represehtatives. (y |WEN G. METZGER, Representa- tive from Potter county, was born in Hebron township, Potter county, February 22, 1853. At an early age he removed to Coudersport, Pa., where he now resides. He was graduated in the graded schools of that borough, after which he embarked in the lumbering business in a modest way. In 1880 he formed a co-partnership with James "White, under the firm name of White & Metzger, manufacturers of hardwood lumber, at West Branch, remaining in that town about four years when they removed to Galeton and finally, in 1892, made their headquarters at Coudersport, Pa., where they are conducting a suc- cessful wholesale hardwood lumber business. Mr. Metzger is one of the most prominent business men of Potter county and his success is due entirely to his strict integrity, honest dealings, perseverance and attention to and knowl- edge of the details of his business. In July, 1892, in company with a party of seven prominent men of Potter county, a tract, embracing thirty thousand acres, was ])urchased and active work is being done toward clearing and settling the land. In 1890 Mr. Metzger was iinanimously nominated for a Representative, and although the county gives a uniform Republican majority of six hundred he was defeated by only twenty majority. In 1892 he was again unanimously nom- inated and elected by a majority of one hundred and one while President Harri- son had about 700 majority over Cleveland. On December 24, 1874, Mr. Metzger was married to Miss Phoebe R. Magee, of Coudersport, and four children, two boys and two girls, have blessed the union. Mr. Metzger was a member of the Committees on City Passenger Railways and on Labor and Industry and to Compare Bills in the Legislature of 1893. He was also one of the two Democrats on the special Committee on Elections, selected to investigate the Higby-Andrews contest, and signed the minority report, which declared Mr. Higby entitled to the seat given to Mr. Andrews. He introduced bills for the repeal of the prohibitory liquor law in Potter county, in response to the demands of a majority of the voters of that county, and also bills to repeal the act prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors in Coudersport and to remove the tax on cattle. His anti-prohibition bills were negatived in committee, and he made an effort to have the one applying to Potter county placed on the calendar, but owing to the drawing of party lines he was un- able to accomplish his purpose. House of Represerdaiives. 289 JOHN J. COYLE was born at M\\\ J Creek, Norwegian towuship, Schuyl- kill county, on the lOth day of Novem- ber, 1863. His father was a miner, in the coal mines of that region, and John, like all other boys raised in the anthracite coal regions, commenced his career as a slate picker in the coal breaker. When there was an opportu- nity he went to the public schools, and l)eing of a bright mind, made rapid progress as a boy, .so that at the age of iifteen years he was granted a certificate, and at sixteen commenced to teach in the public schools of Mahanoy towuship. After having taught there for four years he went to Luzerne county and became a teacher in one of the schools in Foster township, a few miles northeast of Hazleton, where he served for three years. Keturning again to Mahauoy City, in Schuylkill county, he started in the insurance business and had not long been in it when he was appointed by Governor Beaver a justice of the peace of the First ward. The following year he was elected to the same office after a bitter contest, by a majority of 23, notwithstanding the fact that the ward usually gave a Democratic majority of more than 150. Mr. Coyle has always been an active Republican in Schuylkill county and regarded as one of its leaders, his voice being heard in every council that had for its object the good of his party. He was nomi- nated by the Republicans of his Senatorial district in 1891 as a delegate to the pro- posed Constitutional Convention, and was elected, but the holding of the conven- tion was defeated by the voice of the people. Mr. Coyle is very popular with his people, having been elected to the Legi.slature by a majority of 204 votes in a dis- trict that gave Cleveland, the Democratic nominee for President, a majority of 7.")!, and besides Mr. Coyle had running against him an Independent Republican candi- date, who got 457 votes in the same district. He presented in the House the reso- lution asking for the appointment of live members of the House and three of the Senate, whose duties it will be to discover, if possible, the cause of the many ac- cidents occurring in the coal mines of the commonwealth and report to the next Legislature what they think Avould be sufficient to remedy it. He is also the author of the judge's salary bill, and a bill appropriating money out of the state funds for the payment of borough and township school superintendents. JSIr. Coyle is serving on the following committees, viz : Insurance, Elections, Coal and Iron, City Passenger Railway and Municipal Corporations. He is the secretary of the latter committee, an honor which is rarely conferred on a new member. 240 House of Eepresentatives. J" rOHN X. DENCE is the son of a miller and carpenter, and was born in Muncy, Lycoming county, on May 12, 1857. He descended on his mother's side from the Lawrences, who were of revolutionary stock and who founded the town of Milton, on the West Branch of the Susquehanna, in 1710. When quite young the jiarents of Mr. Dence moved from Muncy, Lycoming county, to Ashlaind, Schuylkill county, and when their son John attained the proper age he attended the public schools. Alter spending a short time in them he was sent to the coal breaker to pick slate, and for a few years worked in and about the mines at Ashland. He subse- quently attended the parochial schools to further advance his education, and from there entered St. Vincent's College at Latrobe, after which he went to Mount St. Mary's at Emmittsburg, Md., where he finished his education. When he returned from college he became assistant agent and telegraph operator for the Lehigh Valley railroad at Girardville, a position which he held until he was elected clerk at the State hospital, where he remained four years. He then started in the leather business and subsequently in the manufacture of boots and shoes, being a partner in a factory. Mr. Dence was always fond of athletic sports, par- ticularly base ball, and was a fine player himself, and for a couple of seasons was a member of the Ashland base ball team when it belonged to the State league. He was always a Democrat, and though taking a very prominent part in the poli- tics of his neighborhood at all times, never held office until elected to the Legisla- ture, and although his district is considered a close one, having been carried several times by Eepublicans, Mr. Deuce's majority was a very large one. He was a dele- gate to the State convention at Scranton, which nominated Robert E. Pattison for Governor. Mr. Dence is serving on the following committees : Fish and Game, Retrenchment and Reform, Accounts and Compare Bills. He presented only one bill, and that was for an appropriation for the Ashland hospital. House of Representatives. 241 W ARKEN T. FOLLWEILER was born at Tamaqua, Schuylkill county, November 11, 1864, and is the youngest member sitting in the House of Kepresentatives. His ancestors fig- ured prominently in the war of the revolution. It was a relative of Mr. Follweiler Avho hauled the Liberty Bell from Philadelphia to Allentown in 1777, and part of the vehicle that carried the bell at that time is still in the posses- sion of the Follweiler family. The subject of the present sketch was edu- cated in the public schools in the bor- ough of Tamaqua, and when but a lad was appointed messenger for the West- ern Union Telegra])h Company. He soon became an operator and went to New York city with the Western Union, on Broadway, where he gained the dis- tinction of being the youngest telegraph ojjerator in their employ in the city. After leaving the Broadway office he was employed by the Philadelphia Press bureau in New York, and from there went to Philadelphia office and worked for the Press until 1887. In 1888 he went to Texas, but was not long there when the yellow fever broke out in Florida, when he went to Jacksonville to take a position on the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West railroad. After serving therefor some time he returned to his native home, where he was employed in the trainmaster's office. He was elected for two terms on the advisory board of the Philadeliihia and Reading Railroad Relief Associa- tion. He was also elected one of the borough auditors, which office he held until elected to the present session of the Legislature, receiving then the largest ma- jority ever given to any candidate in the district. He is serving on the follow- ing committees of the House: Bureau of Statistics, Iron and Coal, and Centennial Aftairs. 16 242 House cf Representatives. GEORGE WASHINGTON KEN- NEDY was born in Philadelphia, February 22, 1844. His birth occurring on Washington's birthday he was named for the father of his country. Mr. Ken- nedy's parents came from Ireland, where his lather learned the business of manu- facturing linen, but when he came here engaged in the manufacturing business, which he carried on the many years while located in Philadelphia. He is now living a retired life with his daughter near Wilmington, Ohio, hav- ing attained the ripe old age of ninety years. Young George was sent to the public schools in Philadelphia, but when the war of the rebellion broke out he evinced a desire to go out and battle for the Union. Not being of age he was for a time hindered in this direction. Before reaching his eighteenth year he enlisted in company G, Third Pennsylvania reserves, and soon after being mus- tered into the service participated in the battle of Antietam. At the second battle of Fredericksburg he was wounded in the left leg and was discharged from the army in April, 1863, on account of the wound. In July, 1863, he enlisted again in the Second Coal regiment and served the term for which the regiment was re- cruited. In December of the same year he re-enlisted as a private in company E, One hundred and eighty-seventh regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, and took part in every battle engaged in by this regiment. He was promoted to corporal and then first sergeant of his company, and subsequently became the hospital steward of his regiment, which position he held when his regiment was mustered out after the close of the war. On his return from the army he went to Pottsville, Schuyl- kill county, Avhere he accepted a position in a drug store, having prior to his en- listment in the army served three years as apprentice. Spending some time there he went to Philadelphia and entered the College of Pharmacy, from which he graduated in 1869, and located in Pottsville, where he is now doing business for himself. He served as president of the Alumina Association of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy in 1876. He was the first vice president of the State Phar- maceutical Society and afterwards became its president for a term. For eighteen consecutive years he has served as secretary of the Council of the American Phar- maceutical Association, and has written more than sixty papers pertaining to pharmacy and chemistry. He has been a member of the Pottsville borough school board since 1876, and for six j'ears Avas the secretary of the board. In the same borough he is the president of the Beneficial Society, manager of the Children's Home and also treasurer of the Atheneum. Mr. Kennedy is serving his second term in the House as a Kepresentative from Schuylkill county. He served on the following committees: Militarj', Judiciary Local, Public Health and Sanitation, Library and Federal Relations. He introduced bills relative to the uniformity of proxies, the pharmacy and medical bills, giving the right to county auditors to employ counsel in extraordinary cases, extending the law in regard to the aba7i- donment of canals and an appropriation to the Children's Home of Pottsville. House of Rejiresentatives. 24? SAMUEL ALFRED LOSCH, of Schuylkill, was born December 19, 1842, at Uniontowu, Dauphin county. The paternal line came from England, where the great-great-grandfather was associated with Stephens, the inventor of the tramway. Jacob Losch, his son, came to America, and, prior to the revo- lution, was engaged in the manufacture of gunpowder at Germantown. His works were destroyed, involving his financial ruin as a result of the war. IVIr. Losch's father was a miller. When the Mexican war began he started with an independent company for Vera Cruz. The ship foundered on the voyage and all were lost. The mother of Mr. Losch was a daughter of Dr. Frederick Gess- ner, of Hanover, Germany, who, after serving as surgeon in the German army, came to America, settled for a time at Bethlehem, then moved to Gratz, Dauphin county, where he was soon engaged in an extensive practice, wliich he continued until his death. Mr. Losch was educated in the public schools. When the civil war broke out he joined company C, Fiftieth regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, as a pri- vate. The annals of the war glisten with the recital of valor performed by this regiment. They served successfully in South Carolina under General I. I. Stevens, in the Army of the Potomac under Generals McClellan, Pope and Burn- side, under General Grant at Vicksburg and Jackson, and formed part of the be- sieged at the memorable siege of Knoxville, finally joining Grant in the Army of the Potomac and participating in the terrific contests that culminated in the sur- render at Appomatox. Throughout these campaigns Mr. Losch proved himself a gallant .soldier, and for distinguished bravery was promoted from time to time as vacancies occurred. Until the close of the war he was fir.st lieutenant of his company, which was finally mustered out July 30, 1865. After the close of the war Mr. Losch was commissioned to serve on the staff of Major General J. K. Seigfried, with the rank of major in the National Guard of Pennsylvania. He was elected a member of the Legislature in 1874 and served in the sessions of '75 and '76. He was chief clerk of the State department under Governors Hartranft and Hoyt. In September, 1884, he was appointed secretary of New Mexico by President Arthur, which position lie filled with credit to himself and the nation until 1885, when he was removed by President Cleveland. Mr. Losch was elected chief clerk of the House of Representatives in 1887. He has been a delegate to almost every State Republican convention from Schuylkill county since 1871. In 1880 he was a dele- gate to the National Republican convention, being one of the memorable 306, who voted for General Grant's nomination for the Presidency. He is an active mem- ber of the Grand Army of the Republic since its organization, and was elected senior vice commander. Department of Pennsylvania, in 1876. On July 4, 1865, when the corner-stone of the soldiers' monument at Gettysburg was laid, the Fif- tieth Pennsylvania regiment was selected by General Grant to represent the armies of the United States. In recognition of his services, Mr. Losch was se- lected to command the color company of the regiment on that occasion. In 1875 Mr. Losch introduced a compulsory arbitration bill in the Hou.se of Repre.senta- tives, which was the tirst bill of tliis character introduced in any Legislature in America, and another arbitration bill introduced by him has passed both houses. 2U House of Representatives. SAMUEL SANDS COOPER, one of the Kepublican Representatives from Schuylkill county, was born in Pottsville August 22, 1854. His Mher was a coal miner, and the son has ap- plied himself to the same occupation, working about the mines when he was but eight years old and continuing in the business meanwhile. His educa- tional opportunities were not of the best, but he made good use of those afforded him in the schools of Schuylkill county. He has for many years taken an active part in politics and was a dele- gate to the Greenback-Republican Con- ventions of Schuylkill county from 1877 to 1888, a combination formed to defeat the Democratic local candidates, includ- ing that party's nominee lor Congress. This union of Greeubackers and Repub- licans has frequently resulted in the election of the Greenback and Republican local candidates and member of (Jongress. Mr. Cooper has always worked for the welfire of the laboring man and has held vari- ous positions of trust in labor organizations. He took a prominent part in the strikes of 1869 and 1875 and was sent as a delegate in 1888 by the Knights of Labor to New York State to solicit aid to push the labor grievance to a successful termination. He was elected to the House in 1890, and so well and satisfactorily were his duties performed at the session which followed that his party renomi- nated and elected him in 1892. Mr. Cooper is a very industrious legislator and when necessary intelligently discusses public subjects with which he is familiar. His devotion to the interests of the workingman was recognized by Speaker Thompson in his appointment as chairman of the Committee on Mines and Mining. He was also placed on the Committees on Labor and Industry, Constitutional Re- form, Bureau of Statistics and Public Buildings. He was the author of the eight- hour bill introduced in the House, applying to men employed in and about coal mines, and had the satisfaction of seeing it pass that body by the large majority of 132 yeas to 32 nays. Mr. Cooper is a descendant of the Sands family, which can be traced back in English history for seven or eight centuries and which had a re- markably interesting history. »^4^ House of Representatives. 245 lift EDWARD WILLIAM TOOL first saw the light of day on Staten Island, yl^^HHMjl^^ June 28, 1851. He attended the common jJHHHH^^^ schools ot his native place until he ar- ^^^^^^^ rived at the age of twelve years, when J^^^^H his parents both died. An orplian and !i Jip^ ^^^^^P alone he came to live with his uncle, JI^ ^L W^ Edward Tool, at Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Here he commenced the struggle of life as a slate picker boy and driver in the Empire breaker and mines. His treat- ment was such as a boy of his spirit could not undergo without serious pro- test, and he concluded to make a break for liberty. The canal boats then, as now, were loaded with coal at Nanti- coke, and in 1866, at the age of fifteen, we find this young boy engaged in the business made illustrious by the la- mented Garfield. For some years he tooted the festive horn at the locks, tended the boat motors and performed such other duties as the position of boatman required of him during the open season. During the winters he learned and fol- lowed the trade of moulder and various other things, until he had accumulated enough money to attend the Missionary Institute at Selinsgrove. During these years he also taught school, and, having become a disciple of Esculapius, studied medicine. In 1881 he graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore. He came back to Snyder count}^, settled at Freeburg and engaged in the practice of his profession. Like many another doctor he entered the domain of politics through the coroner's door, to which office he was elected in 1883. For one term he investigated the causes of mysterious deaths, and at the expiration of his term as coroner he was made chairman of the Republican County Committee, which office he filled during the years 1886-88-89. For the same length of time he was a school director at Freeburg and is now, and has been for some years vice president of the Freeburg Academy. In 1889 he was appointed examiner on the Sunburj' Pension board over a number of applicants. This place he resigned in 1890 to take his seat in the Legislature at the session of 1891, to which body he was elected by a handsome majority. In 1892 he was again elected by a majority of 763, a very flattering endorsement. In the session of 1893 he was appointed on the Committees on Elections, Health and Sanitation, Appropriations, Fish and Game, Judicial Apportionment, and made chairman of the Committee on Labor and Industry. He introduced and had passed, after much opposition, a law per- mitting the fishermen to put in racks for the purpose of catching eels during cer- tain seasons of the j'ear. Dr. Tool is one of the most active members of the House, and, as will be seen, has reached his present position over no royal highway. His life has been one of trials and struggles and no man ever sat in our Legislative Halls who has won the distinction more fairly. He is a very warm friend and admirer of Senator Quaj', and when the scheme of submitting to popular vote the choice of Senator was adopted in 1892, it was largely through his efforts that Senator Quay was so hand- son\ely endorsed in Snyder county, which was the first county to endorse him in the state. 246 House of Representatives. J' OHN C. WELLER, chairman of the House Committee on Agriculture) was born in Somerset, Pa., August 31, 185:2, in the old stone jail (his father, John Weller, serving as sheriff" of the county at the time). He -was educated in the common schools and at the Millersville Normal school, Lancaster -^^ 'jMF county, from which institution he grad- m^mMt^^ 1^^ uated in the class of 1875. He taught ^^^^Wll^ school in Somerset county for a num- ber of terms before and after he grad- uated, and in 1881 he was elected su- perintendent of the common schools of Somerset county. Mr. Weller filled this position creditably and successfully for six years, and since the expiration of his term ol office he has devoted his entire attention to his farm, which is one of the prettiest in Somerset county. Mr. Weller was elected to the Legisla- ture in 1891, and re-elected two years subsequent. Kecognizmg his familiarity with agricultural matters and the needs of the farmer. Speaker Thompson se- lected Mr. Weller for the chairmanship of the Agricultural Committee, a position which he is thoroughly competent to till. He is also a member of the Committee on Congressional Apportionment, Compare Bills, Centennial Affairs and Bureau of Statistics. Mr. Weller is a firm believer in the principles of the Republican party, and has for many years been one of the local leaders of his party in the county in which he resides. He was elected for three successive terms as justice of the peace in Milford township, and in 1888 was a delegate to the State Repub- lican Convention, by which Judge Mitchell, of Philadelphia, was nominated for justice of the state supreme court. Mr. Weller's father was a member of the House of Representatives in 1867, 1868 and 1869, and voted for the late General Simon Cameron for United States Senator. In 1891 Young Mr. Weller had the honor to cast his ballot for the son of the man for whom his father voted for United States Senator — J. Donald Cameron. Mr. Weller was married to Miss Laura B. Elliott in 1887. They have two children. House of Representatives. 247 EPHRAIM D. MILLER, oue of the two Republican Representatives in the House from Somerset county, was born in Milford township, that county, May 9, 1847. His ancestors were farm- ers and came from the counties of Lan- caster and Dauphin. Representative Miller's education was confined to what he received in the public and Normal schools of his county. After he had left school he taught for nine years, six of which in Grantsville, Maryland. In 1870 he abandoned teaching and em- barked in the mercantile business at Iiockwood, Somerset county, continuing in it for eighteen j'ears. He was post- master at Rockwood, where he resides, under the administrations of Grant, Hayes and Garfield, covering a period of fourteen years. When Cleveland was elected he resigned the position because he believed in the principle that the victors should have control of the political oliQces. He was school director for fifteen years in his district but never was a candidate for a higher place until he decided to make a contest for member of the House in 1890. There were six candidates in the field for the Republican nomi- nation, and he had a higher number of votes than all the candidates combined except Mr. Weller, who was nominated at the same time. He was elected by a large majority and two years subsequently was re-nominated without opposition and again easily elected. As Somerset county was entitled to but one chairman of a committee, Mr. Miller agreed that his colleague should be placed at the head of the Committee on Agriculture while he would be satisfied with a position on the Committee on Appropriations. He was also appointed on the Committees of Federal Relations, Legislative Appportionment, Judiciary Local and Library. Mr. Miller introduced the bill relative to fraternal ))eneficial associations, defining their status, exempting them from taxation, and the operations of the insurance laws and requiring them simply to file statements of their business with the in- surance department. This bill received the approval of the Governor soon after its passage and is now one of the statutes of the state. It effects such associations as are not organized for profit but for protection of their members, like the Royal Arcanum, Heptosophs, etc, Mr. Miller also introduced a bill to appropriate §1,500 to repair the great stone bridge across the Youghiogheny. X 248 House of Representatives. MARSHALL J. LULL, of Sullivan county, is a Democrat and was boru at Hartland, Vermont, September 24, 1850. When six months old his parents moved to Tunkhannock, Wyom- ing county, where he received his edu- cation in the common schools. In 1864, at the age of fourteen, he left his home and entered the Union army, connecting himself with the New York Mounted Rifles. He was very large for his age and encountered no difficulty in becom- ing a soldier. From 1865 until 1869 he followed the canal, and later did break- ing on a gravel train. Subsequently he was a conductor on a freight train, and since 1880 has been a passenger train conductor on the Lehigh Valley rail- road. Before coming to the Legislature he had charge of a train running be- tween Towauda and Lopez, four miles from Bernice, his home. He was a dele- gate to the State Convention of 1882 which nominated Governor Pattison the first time, and after having supported Simon P. Wolverton and Eckley B. Coxe voted for the winner. In 1888 the Democratic party of Sullivan county nominated him for the House, but he was defeated by Mr. Waddell by a small majority. In 1892 he was again honored with the party nomination and was elected by about five hundred majority, while Cleveland carried the county by less than 400. When Grant Herring was nominated for State Senator Mr. Lull was a candidate for the office with the conferees of his county at his back. Finally he instructed his delegates to throw thoir votes for the Columbia county candidate, and he was made the Democratic nominee. In the House Mr. Lull was a member of the Committee on Mines and Mining, Federal Relations, Military, Corporations and Elections. He was also on the sub-committee which investigated the Andrews-Higby contest and submitted the minority report declaring Mr. Higby, the sitting member, entitled to his seat. House of Representatives. 249 PHILO BURRITT was boru April 11, 1840, at Unioudale, Susquehanna county. His father was born in Connec- ticut and he is of Puritan extraction, being related to Elihu Burritt. the learned blacksmith of New England, who has been made famous by the local historians. On his maternal side, the subject of this sketch also can claim de- scent from New England .stock. The parents came to this state many years ago, and the father became a farmer. Mr. Burritt was sent to and received his early education in the common schools of his native town, but later he went to Wyoming Seminary to finish his studies, after which he taught school in Luzerne county for several terms. Mr. Burritt is a Republican and enters actively into all the political contests of his party, and has frequently been honored with po- litical place both by appointment and by election. He has been chairman of the Republican county convention of his county; has held the office of school director for twelve years, and has been assessor, poormaster, supervisor, town clerk and auditor. Since the incorporation of the town of Unioudale into a borough he has been secretary of the borough council. For many years he has taken great inter- est in church aftairs, and has held a prominent place as a member and trustee in the Presbyterian church in Uniondale. In the fall of 1890 Mr. Burritt was elected one of the representatives from Susquehanna county to the State Legislature, re- ceiving a majority of only 250 votes over that of his political opponent. In 1892 he was re-elected by 1,078 majority. Mr. Burritt seldom indulges in the debates of the session, except when some measure is under consideration which afiects his constituency, and then he is found on the side of the people who elected him. At the session of 1893 he was assigned to the Committees on Appropriations, Con- gressional Apportionment, Retrenchment and Reform, Labor and Industry, and Iron and Coal. 250 House of Representatives. HUMPHKEY J. MILLARD, of Sus- quehanna county, was born De- cember 24, 1843, in Lennox, Susque- hanna county. He was thrown upon his own resources by the death of liis mother in early life. He attended as much as possible the district schools and private seminaries until eighteen years old. In 1862 he enlisted in com- pany H, One hundred and forty-fir.st regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers, and served in the United States service until the close of the war. He participated in all thirty engagements, the most im- portant of which were Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anne, Cold Harbor and all the battles in front of Petersburg. He was also present at the surrender of Lee at Appomatox. At the close of the war Mr. Millard leturned home and contin- ued his studies under the personal instruction of John H. Harris, L. L. D., now president of Bucknell University, Lewisburg, for two years. In 1870 he was or- dained to the ministry, in which he has been very successful, especially in evan- gelistic work. Throat and lung trouble some time ago compelled him to throw aside active pastoral work. In connection with his professional duties he has for the past twenty years owned and managed a farm in Rush township, Susquehanna county. Mr. Millard was elected a member of the Legislature in 1892, and is a member of the Committees on Agriculture, Vice and Immorality, Health and Sanitation and Geological Survey. He is an active member of Bissell Post No. 406, Grand Army of the Republic, and for a number of yeai's has delivered the address at different places on Memorial Day. While not a politician he has always taken an interest in politics. He is a firm believer in the principles of the Re- publican party, and cast his first vote in front of Petersburg when Abraham Lin- coln was a candidate for re-election. At the same time he served on the election board. Mr. Millard was married September 12, 1866, to Miss Baldwin of New Milford, Susquehanna county. Pa., and his family consists of two sons and one daughter. House of Representatives. 251 J' EKOME B. NILER, of Tioga county, was born at Middlebmy, Tioga county, September 25, 1 884. His grand- father adopted for his home what now constitutes Tioga county in 1796, two years before it was organized. His son, Aaron, the father of Representative Niles, was then twelve years old. Je- rome B. worked on his father's farm until he was of age in 1855. He was accorded very limited opportunities to acquire an education, but having a stu- dent's inclination he devoted much of liis time to reading and thus fortified himself with valuable information which did him great service in subse- quent years. When he reached man's estate he took a course at study in the Knoxville Academy and afterward taught school in Wellsboro and his na- tive township. His father was a Demo- crat, but at the birth of the Kepuljlican party young Niles joined that organiza- tion and has been an active member of it without interruption. In 1861 he was admitted to the bar, in 1862 elected district attorney of the county and in 1865 re-elected. In 1868 and 1869 he was elected a member of the House, and in 1873 a member of the Constitutional Convention from his district. In that body he was prominently identified with the shaping of important legislation which be- came a part of the organic law of the state. In 1880 he was again elected a mem- ber of the House and the following year took a commanding position as a Legisla- tor. He developed great aptitude for leadership and took a conspicuous stand in the movement which culminated in the success of Mr. Mitchell, of Tioga county, as the Republican candidate for United States Senator. Mr. Niles was re-elected in 1882, and in view of the creditable reputation he had made during his several terms in the Legislature was made the Republican caucus nominee for Speaker of the House, but as the Democrats controlled the body he was defeated for election. In 1883 he was nominated by the Republicans for Auditor General and elected by a large majority. His term began on the first Monday in May of the succeeding year, and his three years' administration of the office was marked by no deviation from the excellent record he had made in the public positions he had previously filled. In 1887 he was chosen a member of the commission appointed to draft tax legislation to take the place of the revenue bill whicb was mysteriously lost at the session of the Legislature of that year. In' 1890 he received nearly the entire vote of his county for the Republican congressional nomination in the Sixteenth district. Last fall ]\Ir. Niles was re-elected to the House, and at the session of 1893 he introduced the bill to equalize taxation and was prominent in putting it in proper shape and advocating its passage. Mr. Niles was chairman of the Com- mittee on Manufactures and a member of the Ways and Means and Judiciary Gen- eral Committees. 252 House of Representatives. WALTER T. MERRICK, of Tioga ^^^^^^ county, than whom there is no ^^^HHRlJj^. more popular and intelligent member M'^""-^ vB^ Qf i\yQ House of Representatives, is a na- m ^B tive of Charleston township, Tioga 1 ^H county, Pa. He was born June 12, wBll ^WR*. ^^ 1859, and was educated in the Mans- field State Normal school and the Elmira free academy. He studied law with Hon. Charles H. Seymour, of Tioga, and with the successful firm of Merrick & Young, at Wellsboro. He was admitted to the bar of Tioga county in 1886 and immediately began the practice of his profession in Blossburg, the mining center of Tioga county, where he still resides. Mr. Merrick takes a prominent part in politics and is one of the Republican leaders of Tioga county. He was elected to the Legislature for the first time in 1892, running ahead of the whole Republican ticket. He is especially popular among the younger element of his party which accounts for his large majority. He is a member of the Committees on Corporations, of which he is secretary. Mines and Mining (in which he takes a special interest). Judiciary Local, Elections and Vice and Immorality. Besides taking an active part in debates on the floor of the House, he has been one of the foremost members of the committees of which he is a member. He is a earnest and logical talker, and is always listened with inter- est by his colleagues when engaged in a public discussion of legislation. He in- troduced a bill at the opening of the session providing for an appropriation of $20,000 to the Miner's Hospital, at Blossburg. The amount was reduced to $16,000 by the appropriations. In view of the large reductions which have been made by the committee in the appropriations this amount is very reasonable and goes for to prove Mr. Merrick's influence with the committee and the needs of the institution. House of Representatives. 258 B' lEXJAMIN K. FOCHT, editor of the Lewisburg Saturday Xcirs aud mem- ber from Union, was born in Perry county. March 12, ISfiS. On his father's side he is descended from a long line of Lutheran ministers, his great-grand- father coming from Germany in the last century. His father was the Rev. D- II. Focht, a theologian and orator of note, who died when the subject of this sketch was but one year old. His mother was the daughter of John Brown, an original settler and exten- sive land owner in the borough of Lewis- burg, and after his father's death his mother and family removed to the latter place, where Benjamin K. Focht has since resided. During his early youth he attended the Bucknell Academy, at Lewisburg, State College and the Insti- tute at Selinsgrove, and entered a print- ing office as apprentice at fourteen. In 1881, at the age of eighteen years, he wrote the salutatory for the first issue of the Lewisburg Local IVews, of which he was part owner for one year, when be assumed sole proprietorship and changed the name of the paper to the Lewisburg Saturday News. From then until now he has continued in the same capacity, surmounting in his early struggle for business life the most embarrassing obstacles, until now he owns one of the best equipped and most complete newspaper plants in Central Pennsylvania, and ranks among the strongest editorial writers. In 1887 he was married to the daughter of H. G. "Wolf, a prominent merchant and president of the Farmers' Bank, Mifilinburg. Has one child, a daughter, one year old. Before he was of age Mr. Focht entered politics, taking side, in his paper in the memorable battle that attended the Inde- pendent revolt, standing for the Stalwart ticket. In 1889 he was elected delegate to the State Convention. In 1892 he was chosen and served as Congressional con- feree ; was three times elected delegate to the Republican League State Cenven- tion ; was a candidate for the Republican nomination for assembly in 1890, but was defeated in a three-cornered contest. He was again a candidate in 1892, and won at the primary and general election, although bitterly opposed on account of his leadership in tlie battle the year previous, when Judge Bucher, Democrat, was defeated in the Union-Snyder-Miftlin district. This victory was won by Mr. Focht's brother-in-law, H. M. McClure, Republican, who at the time resided in Northumberland county, and over a man who was reputed to be the most saga- cious politician in Central Pennsylvania and who had as his sup^wrters nearly the entire bar of the district, all the old politicians, all the Democratic papers of the district and five Republican papers, and in addition had the prestige of having carried the district in 1871 over an able lawyer by more than 2,000 majority. This victory at once gave Mr. Focht a place among the best organizers and resourceful leaders in the state. As a member of the House he stands among the most active aud hard-working legislators, having secured the passage through the House of a majority of the most important bills he introduced. 254 House of Representatives. HENRY F. JAMES, one of the Rep- resentatives from Venango county, son of Edwin and Sarah G. (Sandsbury) James, was born in Nantucket, Mass., on December 3, 1841. He learned the trade of a cooper and afterwards engaged in the whaling business, acquiring a good knowledge of navigation and hav- ing for years the perils of the deep. In 1861 he came to Venango county. Pa., attracted by the petroleum develop- ments which proved so inviting to young and ambitious spirits. Early in 1864 he superintended important oil in- terests at Pithole, the phenomenal town that blazed like a meteor for a season and then went out forever. In 1871 he removed to Sugar Creek township to take charge of the Franklin pipe-line. Soon he leased a large part of the old McCalmot farm and began operating on his own account, meeting with much success. His practical skill did him good service and he drilled scores of profitable wells in the lubricatory districts, many of which are producing to-day. With characteristic energy he entered into every project calculated to benefit the community. For many years he has been a prominent school director, always taking a leading share in furthering the cause of education. The public schools of Sugar Creek has no warmer, wiser friend, and to his efforts their high standard of excellence is largely attributable. He Avas also one of the organizers and, during its entire existence, an active director of the Venango Agricultural Society, which has held a foremost place among such in- stitutions in this commonwealth. In 1866 he married Miss Susan Hunter, of Nantucket, who bore him two children. Bertha and Frank. The happy family occupy a handsome home near Franklin on the farm which Mr. James cultivates and where most of his oil wells are located. He pays close attention to the best methods of improving the soil, has done splendid work in the direction of better roads and keeps abreast of the times in stock-raising and kindred pursuits. Mr. James is in the very prime of vigorous manhood, and an earnest Republican, above the average height and weight, his appearance inspires respect. He is now serving his second term in the Legislature, having been re-elected by an immense majority. His sturdy defense of the rights of his constituents, when adverse legislation threatened grave disaster to the producers of Venango and adjacent counties, won him the confidence of all classes, irrespective of partJ^ They recog- nised his loyalty to principle, his discriminating zeal for the public good and his thorough trustworthiness. He is a ready speaker, a man of unquestioned integrity, personally hospitable, a profound hater of shams, influential with his fellow-mem- bers, and in every way admirably qualified to represent an intelligent, progressive constituency. House of Jiejiresentati'ves. 255 JOHN L. MATTOX. one of the Ve- J nango county members, was born near f^andy Lake, Mercer county, July 15, 1859, and enjoys the distinction of hav- ing been born in the same year with Representatives Mates, of Butler, and Merrick, of Tioga, all three of whose names appear in consecutive order on the roll call. Mr. Mattox was the son of a soldier who died in the Union army and was buried at Arlington Heights, Virginia. He began his educational training in the soldiers' orphan school at Mercer, in which institution he re- mained five years and subsequently en- tered Westminster College at New Wilmington, Pa. He feels much in- debted to Mr. K. 11. Wright, of Mercer, who advanced him the necessarj- funds to complete his collegiate education. Mr. Mattox graduated from the college in 1883, afterward taught school near Oil City and for five years was principal of the schools of Pleasantville, Venango county, where he was married to the daughter of D. W. Henderson. He read law with ex-Senator Lee and ex-Repre- sentative Hays (who is now his law partner), and was admitted to the bar in 1889. His school teaching days gave him a wide acquaintance and did him good service when he ran for the legislative nomination in 1892 and for his election the same year. He was loyally supported by his own party (the Republicans), received many Democratic votes and obtained an unusually large majority. At the session of 1893 he was a member of the Judiciary General, Elections, Municipal Corpora- tions, Federal Relations, ISIilitary and Pensions and Gratuities Committees. He was also on the sub-committee which inquired into the contested election cases instituted to unseat Representatives Baker, of Montgomery, and Quinnan, of I.,ackawanna, respectively. 256 Ilowie of Representatives. C^ .\LEB C. THOMPSON, of Warren county, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Avas born May 28, 1846, in Pine Grove township, Warren couuty. Pa. He was educated in the common schools, at the Ediuboro State Normal School, the Jamestown (New York) Union school and collegiate institute. He worked on a farm and taught school irntil 1869, when he began the study of the law at Warren with Brown & Stone. He was admitted to the bar in 1871 and successfully practiced his profession at Tidioute, Pa., until 1881, when he re- moved to Warren where he has since been in active practice. In February, 1878, he was elected burgess of Tidioute and in November, 1878, district attor- ney of Warren county. He was burgess of Warren borough in 1885 and at vari- ous times a member of the school board of Tidioute and Warren boroughs. Mr. Thompson was elected a member of the Legislature from Warren county in 1888 and at once took a leading part in debate and consideration of important measures on the tioor of the House and in commit- tee. So well did he represent his constituents that they returned him in 1890 and again in 1892. He was elected Speaker of the House January 6, 1891, after a bit- ter struggle, defeating Hon. William H. Brooks, of Philadelphia, now collector of internal revenue for the First district, who was endorsed by the Philadelphia dele- gation; also a number of other prominent candidates. At the organization of the present session Mr. Thompson was the unanimous choice of the Republican caucus for the position he so creditably fills. He is dignified and impartial when in the Speaker's chair and has the respect of every member of the House. His rulings have always been fair and impartial and have met with the approval of both par- ties. Mr. Thompson is a ready debater, an eloquent and forcible talker and an able parliamentarian. He is an enthusiastic Republican and will likely be the nominee of his party for State Treasurer in the foil of 1893. House of Representatives. 25; GEORGE V. LAWRENCE, of Wash- ington, chairman of the Congres- sional Apportionment committee and the oldest member of the House, was born in Washington county, Pa., No- vember 13, 1819. He was liberally edu- cated and endowed with strong mental powers, but he never showed taste for any of the professions, devoting himself exclusively to agriculture and politics, in which he had always been regarded as an expert. In legislation he ranked with the ablest men of his own and rival parties,and was recognized as capa- able to discharge any duty in connec- tion willi the work of committees to which he was assigned in Congress and in both branches of the Legislature, Avhere he served. Mr. Lawrence was first elected to the Legislature in 1843. He was re-elected in 1847, 1858 and 1859. He was chosen a member of the State Senate in 1848, '49, '50, '51 and '60, serving with marked ability and great credit as Speaker of that body during the last session in 1861. He was elected a member of Congress in 1864, '66 and '82. In 1873 he was one of the delegates-at-large to the constitutional convention, which framed the present constitution. After remaining in private life for a number of yeare Mr. Lawrence again appeared as a member of the Legislature of the lower branch, in which he now takes a very active part. He comes from a fomily of statesmen, his father having served in the State Legislature and Congress and two of his un- cles and two brothers having displayed marked ability as members of the State Legislature. His father, Joseph Lawrence, served four terms in the House of Representatives and was Speaker of that body in 1822 and '24. His father's two brothers, John and Samuel Lawrence, were elected to the House from Beaver •county about 1820. William, a brother of the subject of this sketch, was elected to the House from Dauphin county in 1858 and '60. He served as Speaker during his last term. Samuel, another brother, was Warren county's representative in the lower branch in 1860. Mr. I^awrence is chairman of the House Congressional Ap- portionment committee and a member of other important committees, including the special committee to investigate the Philadelphia electric light trust. The ■characteristic of Mr. Lawrence in public life has been his tenacity in devotion to the Republican party, never swerving from his zeal in supporting its measures and men. Whatever he undertook to do he always did with ability and courage, act- ing fairly to his opponents, but losing no opportunity to advance the interests of his party. He is a plain and convincing speaker, a ready debater and one of the most valuable members of the present Legislature. Wherever he is known he is regarded with great respect in business and social life. 17 258 House of Represejitailves. D I AVID MILLER ANDERSON, of Washington, was born in Beaver county, Pa., November 30, 1837. He Ava.s educated in the public schools and at the academy at Hookstown and Beaver. In 1854, with his father and brother, he went to Chile. South Amer- ica, where he lived until November, 1S61. On his return to the United States he read medicine for a short time and served with credit as acting 7uedical cadet at Camp Curtin, Harris- burg. After one course of lectures at Ann Arbor, he received a commission as assistant surgeon, Twelfth United States colored troops, in April, 1864, and served until the close of the war. In 1866 he was graduated from Bellevue Hospital Medical College. He practiced medi- cine with success for a number of years in Washington county, but was finally Compelled to relinguish his practice to devote all his attention to his coal interests. Mr. Anderson is a firm believer in the principles and doctrine of the Republican party and takes an active interest in its welfare in the county which he has the honor to represent in the Legislature. He is a member of the Committees on Railroads, Mines and Mining, Iron and Coal and Banks. In 1865 he was married to Miss Charity S. Wright, of Washington county. They have two children — a son and daughter. Mr. Anderson is serving his first term in the House of Repre- sentatives. He has introduced a number ot important measures. House of RepvesenUilives. 259 T' 'HOxMAS McClelland patter- l^ON, of Washington, is a son of John and Jane (McClelland) Patterson. He was born in Hopewell township, Washington county, Pa., April, 1853, and was educated in the public schools of that region. January 3, 1878, Mr- Patterson was married to Lizzie, daugh- ter of AVilliam and Catharine Proudfit, of the same county. He pursued the vocation of farming and stock raising until 1866 when he removed to Bnr- gettstown, where he has since resided. He is a tirm believer in the principles of the Republican party and was elected tO' the Legislature for the first time in 1891. He took an active part in the proceed- ings of that session and served on the Committees of Agriculture, Labor and Industry, Iron and Coal, Constitutional Reform and Geological Survey. Recognizing his faithfulness to his trust and liis fitness to represent them in the halls of the Legislature Mr. Patter- .son was returned to the Hou.se in 1892 by the electors of his district. He is a member of the Committees on Appropriations, Corporations, Elections, Public Printing and Compare Bills, being chairman of the last-named committee. He is a forcible and logical talker, but is rarely heard on the floor of the House except •when the interests of his constituents are at stake. In committees he is a tireless worker, always on the side of the people. He is a quiet and unassuming gentle- man with hosts of friends who admire him for his straight forward, manly course. 260 House of Representatives. W 'ILLIAM N. CURTIS, Avho, as a Republican, eujoysthe distinction of representing a Democratic county (Wayne), was born in Scranton, April 15, 1857. He is the second son of Moses Curtis, and when he was seven years old his father moved on a farm in Ca- naan, Waj'ue county. In summer he assisted his father on the farm and in winter attended the public schools until he attained his majority. At the age of twenty-two years he went to Ripou, Wisconsin, whe"e he entered the ser- vice of a prosperous farmer, serving as his foreman for two years. In January, 1882, he married Miss Lena A. Morey, of Ripon, the daughter of an extensive farmer. Mr. Curtis' brother and brother- in-law are all engaged in agricultural pursuits, and he is a prominent mem- ber of his local grange, in whose organ- ization he was active. In April, 1892, he purchased his father's farm, containing one hundred and thirty-three acres, which was part of the original grant made by the commonwealth to his great-grandfather, Henry Curtis. Representative Curtis has followed farming since he was a boy. In conjunction with it he did a profi- table business as a shipper of horses for si.x years, from 1885. His nomination for memher of the House was a surprise to him, as he did not enter the field for the place. He was not present at the convention which selected him, and no delegate to it was solicited lor his vote by him. His selection was simply a recognition of his worth, and the people of Wayne county ratified the action of his party by se- lecting him as one of the two representatives of the House to which the county is entitled. Mr. Curtis is an industrious legislator and has exhibited a particular interest in bills intended to advance the prosperity of the farmers of the state. House of Representatives. 2dl TOHN KUHBACH, the Democratic J Representative from Wayne county, was born in Texas township, Wayne county, Pa., September 1-2, 1865. He received his education in the public schools, graduating from the Honesdale High school in 1883 with the highest honors. Was employed as teacher in the public schools of Texas township several terms. Was deputy postmaster of Honesdale in 1885-86 and for the past five years has held the trusted position of head bookkeeper of the firm of Dur- land, Thompson & Co., manufacturers of boots and shoes. Since attaining his majority he has taken a deep interest in politics and a prominent part in the political afiairs of his township and county. He has been a member of the Texas Township School Board for the past five years and is now serving his second year as secretary of the board. He was secretary of the Democratic County Committee of Wayne county in 1880, and in 1890 and 1891 he was its chairman, which position he filled with credit and satisfaction to the De- mocracy of Wayne county. He has been a delegate to several State conventions and was unanimously nominated for the ofiice of Representative of Wayne county by the Democratic County convention of 1892, and at the election received the highest number of votes cast for that office. He was a member of the committees on Judiciary, Local, Agriculture and Li- brary, and introduced a bill for the taxation of dogs and protection of sheep, and a bill making an appropriation for the construction and maintenance of a ho.spital at Honesdale, Pa., for the counties of Wayne and Pike. 262 House of Representatives. WILLIAM DALE, the only Demo- cratic niemlier from "Westmore- land county, was boru in Clarion count}-. May 28, 1851. When he was eighteen months old his family moved to Blair county, near Tyrone, where he remained until he was about twenty years of age. He attended the schools of Blair countj^ and soon after he had finished his edu- cation he made his home in the lumber regions of Clearfield county, in Avhich he worked. In 1877 he transferred his base of operations to Blairsville, Indiana county, and entered the mercantile business. Two years afterward he took up his residence at Latrobe, in which town he has resided since, and contin- ued that business. The delegation from Westmoreland county originally con- sisted of three Democrats and one Re- publican, but the House reversed the political order of things bj- ousting two of the Democrats and admitting their Repub- lican contestants. The majorities of these Democrats were very small, but ]\Ir. Dale had a margin of nearly two hundred votes, secured on his great popularity' at his home, which he carried by about the majority by which he was elected. Latrobe is generally Republican by a small majority. Mr. Dale has always been a staunch Democrat and stands exceedingly well with his party in Westmoreland county. In 188.") he attended the Democratic state convention as a delegate. When elected to the Legislature he was president of Latrobe council, which position he resigned, because, in his opinion, the two jilaces were incompatible. Mr. Dale served on the Committees on Centennial Aftairs.Vice and Immorality, Legislative Apportion- ment and Library. House of Representalives. 2()3 SAMUEL D. MURPHY, of West- moreland county, is of Scotch-Irish and Spanish extraction. His paternal ancestors were among the brave defend- ers of the Aiir city of Londonderry dur- ing the memorable siege of 1688 and 1689. Joseph Murphj'- (the great-grand- father of Representative Murphy), of the " Cragon," was a man of education and influence and followed horse-breed- ing, manufacturing of liquors and salt in the county of Derry, Ireland. He married Jane Glendenning, of Scotland, whose family was one of rank in the feudal history of that country. William (the grandfather) was well educated, married Eve Dickey about 1790, who.se father was also a distiller of Antrim. His wife was the daughter of a Spanish grandee, living near Lisbon. William came to this country and settled in Fair- field township, Westmoreland county, about 1794, where Joseph Murphy, the father of Representative Murphy, was born January 19, 1800, and resided until his death, in 1878. The maternal ancestry is purely Scotch and comes down from that brave and trusted leader. Sir James Rose, who fell upon the sanguinary field of Flodeu, and from Sir Godfrey McCulloch, of Montieth, Wigsonshire, Scotland, through a long line of farmers, doctors, merchants and sea-faring men who have been particularly noted for intelligence and devotednessin their callings. Repre- sentative Murphy was born January 12, 1846, in Fairfield township, Westmore- land county, and was educated in the common schools. At the age of eighteen, on February 28, 1864, he enlisted in company D, Fourth regiment Pennsylvania volunteer cavalry, joined his regiment at Spottsylvania Court House and partici- pated with it in all after engagements. Two horses were killed under him, but hee.scaped injurj' himself. He was honorably discharged July 5, 1H65, at Lynch- burg, Virginia. Returning to his native place he taught school for two winters but gradually drifted into dealing in live stock, which he followed till 1870. when he engaged in the milling business in Ligouier township, Westmoreland county. This business he successfully conducted for ten years. On account of fiiiling health he sold his mill property and began his present business, that of farming and stock-raising. He has served two terms as justice of the peace and never had a decision reversed by the higher court. He was census enumerator for his dis- trict in 1890 and was nominated in the same year for assembly. He came nearer being elected than any of his party candidates, being defeated by only 188 votes. He was again nominated in 1892 and elected. He has always been a staunch Re- publican and an advocate of the most advanced ideas. He introduced a bill relat- ing to lateral railroads, enabling them to cross county lines; a bill authorizing juries in murder trials to decide whether the punishment should be hanging or imprisonment for life, and to repeal the special prohibitorj' liquor law of Mount Pleasant, Pa. He was appointed ou the Committee of Agriculture, Accounts, Education. Labor and Industrv and Wavs and Means. 26-i House of Represerdatives. A. B. HUNTER, of Westmoreland county, was born December 17, 1848, in South Huntingdon township. He is the son of a farmer and received a thorough education in the common schools of his neighborhood, attending between the years of 1858 and 1866, but was only allowed to attend during a few months of the term, being com- pelled by circumstances to remain at home and assist his lather with the farm work. He is of Scotch -Irish de- scent and was the only son, and, of course, much of the work fell upon him when his father was called away from home. He followed the occupation of farmer until he was twenty-one years of age. Mr. Hunter took unto himself a wife when he was twenty-six years old in the person of Miss Sarah F. Bell, a talented young lady living with her parents in his neighborhood. The wedding took place September 15, 1874. In 1879 he was elected township auditor, in a Democratic township, with a majority of over 100. This alone showed the high esteem in which he was held by his fellow-men at his own home. He was very successful in all his political work, as with all his undertakings, and in 1885 Mr. Hunter was chosen as a delegate to the Republican State Convention at Harrisburg. He has been a very successful farmer and stock raiser and has devoted all his life to farming. He is at present president of the Sewickley Mutual Fire Insurance Company, with headquarters at West Newton, Mr. Hunter's home. He is the father of eight children, all of whom are living. The oldest, a son. is farming. In 1893 he was a candidate for representative from his district, but was declared defeated by the official vote as returned by 33 votes, Eli Waugaman having been elected. The contest that ensued resulted in Mr. Hunter's election over Mr. Waugaman by 52 votes, so di- rected by Judge Doty, of Westmoreland county, who declared that Mr. Hunter was entitled to the certificate as issued. He was seated March 14. Mr. Hunter served on the committees on Judicial Apportionment, Millitary and Constitutional Reform. House of Representatives. 26.1 "1 17" NEWTON PORTER, of West- ** • moreland county, was born in Luzerne township, Fayette county. Pa., on June 22, 1843. He was brought up as a farmer boy on his father's farm, near Brownsville, Pa. He received his education in the common schools in the district and afterwards attended the Merrittstown Academy. After leaving school, having taken a fancy to me- chanics, he learned the machinist's trade at Brownsville, Pa., in 1864-65, during which period he married Miss Mary Braithwaite, an estimable young lady eighteen years of age. One daugh- ter graces this name. Mr. Porter worked at his trade until 1873, when he became foreman of the National Locomotive Works of Councils ville. Pa., which po- sition he held until 1879, when he re- signed to take charge of the Scottdale rolling mill as chief engineer and mill- right. He occupied this position until 1884, when he resigned to enter newspaper work, in which he was engaged either as editor or manager until October 1, 1892. In 1884 he entered the political arena and was elected councilman for one year in the borough of Scottdale and was re-elected for the term of 1885-86. After hav- ing filled this office with much credit to himself and citizens, he was elected bur- gess of the same borough and served for three terms, 1887-88-89. He was nomi- nated on the Republican ticket for assembly in 1890 but was defeated with the balance of the ticket by a small plurality. In 1892 he was re-nominated by the same party but was declared defeated by nine votes by AV. R. Barnhart on the official returns. It was afterwards learned that a clerical error had occurred in the Bessimer election precinct, which, when the ballot box was opened, resulted in a tie vote of 10,765 each for Barnhart and Porter. A contest was inaugurated, which resulted in Porter being declared by the commission and judge of the county elected by a majoritj' of eighty-two votes. Mr. Porter is a member of the follow- ing committees : Education, Congressional Apportionment, Federal Relations, and Constitutional Reform. 266 House of Representatives. FRANK H. PIATT, the member from Wyoming county, who was elected on the Democratic ticket, was born in Tuokhannock, Wyoming county, Pa., December 25, 1848. He began attend- ing the common schools at an early date and in 1866 entered Lafayette College, from which institution he graduated in 1870. Subsequently he became a civil engineer, which occupation he followed for five years, doing work on the Mont- rose railway and on the river survey from Wilkes-Barre to the state line to ascertain whether the Susquehanna could be made navigable between tliose points — an experiment which resulted in demonstrating the impracticability of the suggested scheme. Governor Geary appointed Mr. Piatt superintend- ent of common schools of Wyoming county in 1871 to fill the unexpired term of Rev. C. R. Lane, who resigned nine mouths before he had served his full three years. Mr. Piatt was postmaster at Tunkhannock for four years and seven months under appointment of President Cleveland. He is a member of the school board of his town and has occupied the position for fifteen years. He has been its secretary and president and has served as a member of council and borough and school treasurer. The high esteem in which he is held by the people of his county was illustrated in the majority by which he was elected to the Legislature. Presi- dent Harrison carried Wyoming county by 124 majority, while Mr. Piatt was chosen member of the House by 333 majority. He is a member of the Committee on Congressional Apportionment, Military and Railroads. His constituents have been very kind to him, as they have not asked him to present any bill for the consideration of the Legislature. Mr. Piatt has not appeared in debate but has missed but one roll call during the session. He has also been regular in his at- tendance at the meetings of the committees to which he is attached. His paternal ancestry dates back to the Bradys, the famous Indian fighters. One of these (Captain Brady) was killed by the redskins, and a monument has been erected to his memory at Muncy. Mr. Piatt is the son of William M. Piatt, who was Speaker of the Pennsylvania Senate in 1856 and a familiar figure in Pennsylvania political history. House of Representatives. 2(37 DANIEL S. DUBS, of Marburg, York county, was born in Manheini township, York county, Pa., October 26, 1854. He is of Hessian-Irish descent, his great-grandfather having; come from He-sse Cassel, Germany, and his great grandmother from Ireland. His great- grandfather, Daniel Dubs, was deeply interested in the welfare of his country- men and opposed to the treatment of the Hessians. The grandfather, Daniel Dubs, came to America and secured 320 acres of land in York county, part of which is now owned by the subject of this sketch. His son, William, had three children, all sons, Henry, Daniel and William, the second-named being the present representative. Both parents have died some years since. Mr. Dubs was reared on a farm and attended the public schools of the neighborhood for years, but was afterwards sent to the Glen Lock Academy, which he attended two sessions, taking a complete academic course. Shortly thereafter he attended a private normal school at Hanover, Pa. He was but seventeen years old when he took charge of a public school near his home, and has spent almost all his life in the public school room. On August 4, 1885, he was granted a professional cer- tificate, which was renewed May 5, 1888, and after passing a very creditable ex- amination a permanent certificate was granted him October 6, 1888. He was ap- pointed as Congressional referee by Hon. Levi Maish, member of Congress, in 1885, and in 1887 he was selected as a member of the examining committee to examine applicants for the appointment of a cadet to the LTnited States Naval Academy at Annapolis. Md. In 1887 he was chairman of the Democratic County Convention, and in 1890 elected a member of the House of Kepresentatives from his district. By occupation he is a school teacher, but has devoted much time to storekeeping, surveying and the real estate business. Mr. Dubs was reelected to the Legisla- ture in 1892 by a large majority, leading his ticket by a vote of 106. He is a very popular politician and a creditable member of the Legislature. He is a member on the Committees on Insurance, Corporations, Vice and Immorality and Judiciary Local. He introduced bills authorizing and regulating the taking, use and occupancy of certain public burial places under certain circumstances for pur- poses of common school education, and prohibiting peddling or hawking of mer- chandise or goods throu";h the state. MS J louse of Representaticts. 1 f^ • 1 1 i [*^ A: TAMES P. ROBINSON, of Long Level, J Y. York county, was born September '22, 1840, in Cecil county, Maryland, and is one of the most genial gentlemen in the Legislature. His father being a gentleman of limited means and a la- borer, his son James was compelled to forego many of the luxuries of life. His parents managed, however, notwith- standing these adverse circumstances, to send their son to the public schools of their vicinity at an early age, where he became an apt pupil and a favorite among his schoolmates. He was soon a leader 'in the athletic sports of the day. After leaving school he associated himself with a merchant in his neigh- borhood as a clerk. His aptness as a clerk soon won for him the confidence of his emploj^er and he was given charge of the business at different times while the proprietor was away on business. By his frugality, Mr. Robinson accumu- lated enough money to start in the mercantile business him.self A large and profitable business was built up in the neighborhood in whicli he resided, and he has been known near and far for his honest dealings and pleasant manner. It was while in this business that his friends urged him to allow them to nse his name as a candidate for school director. He Avas elected by a large vote for the first term in 1887. After serving this term his usefulness had made itself felt, and he has been re-elected, occupying that position at present. In 1885 he was elected for the first time as a member of the House of Representatives and returned again this term. He is a member of the Committees on Fish and Game, Accounts, Compare Bills and Geological Survey. Mr. Robinson introduced a supplement to the log bill and a bill permitting townships to elect supervisors in election districts. He is a gentleman of fine phy.sique and retains excellent health. House of Representatives. 269 H ENKY WARREN FISH EL, M. D.' was born iu Siddonsburg, York connrv, Pa., Jamiary 24, 1852. He attended the public schools during the winter season until he was eighteen years of age, when he began teaching in tlie public .schools of York and Cum- berland counties. In 1876 he was graduated at the Millersville State Normal school, doing during that year con.siderable literary work for the Cen- tennial exhil)ition. He was in the same year made assistant principal of the public schools of Millersburg, Pa., and in the following year was made princi- pal, which position he held until the summer of 1880. He was connected with J. B. Lippincott & Co., of Phila- delphia, the next year and in 1882 was chosen to fill the chair of Didactics in the State Normal school at Shippens- burg, Pa. The following year he was elected to the chair of English literature and rhetoric in the same institution, but resigned several weeks before the open- ing of the fall term to accept a position with a New York house. In 1886 he was graduated in medicine at the University of Maryland. He practiced his profes- sion for a short time only, preferring to follow mercantile lines. He has success- fully followed the latter ever since at his present home, Dillsburg, Pa., Harris- burg and Philadelphia. In 1881 he contested with Prof. I). H. E. LaRoss for the county superintency of Dauphin county public schools, but the Republican ma- jority of Dauphin proved too much for him. He has served his borough in the school board and town council but has never sought other office until he was elected to represent his county in the House of Representatives. He was a dele- gate to the Scranton convention which nominated Robert E. Pattison for Gov- ernor. He .served as president of the board of directors of the Methodist book rooms at Harrisburg, Pa., for two years and is a director in the Dillsburg National Bank. He helped organize and served as secretary of the Dillsburg Manufactur- ing Company, is a member of the Pennsylvania Pharmaceutical Association and commander of Fortney camp 307, Sons of Veterans. In his borough, when he ran for the Legislature, he received half the Republican and the entire Democratic vote and ran 100 ahead of President Cleveland in his county. He served on the Committees of Education, Manufactures and Vice and Immorality. Mr. Fisliel married Miss Sarah C. Singer, of Halifax, Pa., December 2I{, 1879, and has two children — Walter, aged ten, and Verua, aged seven. He is the oldest of a family of ten boys and never had a sister. All the family are staunch Democrats. His grand-parents on his mother's side were among the early settlers of Eastern Penn- sylvania. His father served in company I, Two hundredth regiment Pennsylva- nia volunteers and was shot through the body within a sixteenth of an inch of the heart in front of Petersburg, Virginia, from which wound he recovered. He still survives. The subject of this sketch is live and progressive in educational and business affairs and is well and favorably known throughout his own and other states. 270 House of Representalives. HENRY M. BOKTNER, of York, one of the oldest members of the House, was born in Codorus township, York county, Pa., January 3, 1821. He has filled many public offices with marked credit and ability. He served eleven years as as.sessor, nine years as school director, one year as judge of elections and two as treasurer of York county. In 1886 he was elected to the House of Representatives. He was reelected in 1892 and is a member of the Committees on Agriculture, Constitutional Reform, Library, Manufactures, Public Build- ings and Printing. Mr. Bortner has never been anything else but a Demo- crat and is one of the leaders of his party in York county. The following poem was written by Mr. Bortner : Henry M. Bortner is my name, Henrietta comes near the same: She was a Dubbs before my wife; Ten children we have yet alive. Albert, a son, stands number one, The fourth a son his name is John, The second Louisa Jane you see, Henrietta came number three. Josiah fifth, he is a son. They all left home except this one; Amanda sixth, she was not well, And now she is I'm glad to tell. And Edgar eight, and that is so. He runs the car to Baltimore: Ninth Laura, she is only small; Alice she Is the last of all. And George, a son, came number seven; After death all meet in heaven. And then we can see each other- Children, Father and their Mother. Mr, Bortner recently celebrated his seventy-first birthday and wrote the annexed poem for the occasion : When I was young, I had much fun. To-day 1 reach my seventy-one. The day, when I was tifty-one. I tilled the place of Treasurer John. The Auditors, when tlfty-two. Approved accounts, correct and true. Refunding orders, were all away, I left no space, for them to stay. For it was what was overpaid, More than you need to keep you straight. Without a voucher to pay it back, ■ If not, you keep it in your sack. On my birthday, when tifty-three, Went out of office, for I was free. Thirteen years, from this day later. Went to the house of legislator. Give one term more, is all I ask. And then will say, my time is past. As I am going down the hill. Day after day, tending the mill. Yes, over seventeen thousand day, A long journey, for me to stay; And many times, in winter day, No sleep, no rest, no bed to lay. To rest myself, a half an hour. All day and night, when making flour. How many more, I cannot tell, I say good-bye, farewell, farewell. Below is another poem l)y tlie same author, written January 3, 18S3 : On the eighth day of November, I was elected as a member. They gave me votes, to take me through. In the past year, of ninety-two. The second day. of ninety-three, I knew the time was here for me. 1 left my house, short after nine, To make the train, I went in time. House of Bepresentatives. Ill I went in time. I was afraid, I'd miss the train, when I stayed late. The train on time, my fare 1 paid, And then went on, was not too late. I have a man. which I do pay, To run the mill, when I'm away. He takes good care, and does my work, The time 1 stay in Harrisburg. Six years from ray first term later, Went to the house of legislator. On my birthday, when seventy-two, I took the oath, like others do. My one term more, commenced to-day, Give me a right, two years to stay. And I will vote, what I think best. To give the laboring man a rest. Reduce the tax. as low as you can, High tax is not for the poor man. They have no home, but children too. Cold winter days, without a shoe. Desk 88, you find my seat. My boarding place is Elder street. House seven hundred and eighteen, Good meals, good bed, room nice and clean. Always in time and stay in hall. To cast my vote, when name is called. My name comes thirteen on the list. And if away, my vote is missed. Behave myself and now declare, Will go along to the World's Fair. And if I go, I then will see. What wondrous things in ninety-three. My thanks and best respects to all, Who cast their votes for me last Fall. They cast their vote with their free will. The first time with the Baker bill. I wish my friends would come and stay. And hear what our members say. And all my friends, now on this Hoor, I say good-bye, for evermore. 272 Officers of tJie House of Representatives. pHARLES E. VOORHEES, the Chief ^ Clerk of the House of Representa- tives, was l)orn in the Tenth ward, Philadelphia, in the year 1849, and for thirty-two years resided in the same house. He received a common school education in the public schools, passing throligh the various grades and gradu- ating frond the Central High school. In 1866 he entered the office of Richard R. Smethurst, one of the leading con- veyancers of the city, to learn that pro- fession. He quickly acquired the con- fidence of his preceptor and eventually succeeded him as secretary of the Will- iam Richardson estate, which was largely interested in coal properties in Schujikill county. He became active in politics at an early age, his associa- tions and his temperament naturally leading him in that direction. He was induced to abandon his profession and accept a political appointment in the water department of the city and was selected as clerk of the water committee of city council, a post of great responsibility and of some distinction. Upon the election of Samuel Hancock as city controller, Mr. Voorhees was appointed to a clerkship in that office, where he remained for a number of years and until Governor Patti- son was elected controller. In 1881 he began his career with the Legislature of Pennsylvania, being appointed messenger of the Senate. He held the same posi- tion during the session of 188!^. After a severe contest he was chosen Resident Clerk of the House in 1885 and filled that position with marked ability until 1892, when he was elected to the Chief Clerkship of that bod3\ Mr. Voorhees was for many years a member of the famous Good Will Engine Company, which was a school for politicians. He has been a conspicuous figure in the politics of Phila- delphia for many years, being a delegate to the city and state conventions of his party. He was one of the founders of the Union Republican Club, the leading Republican organization of Philadelphia. Mr. Voorhees is a man of superior at- tainments and marked ability. In any other state than Pennsylvania, where the machine political conditions are adverse to the recognition of brains and services, he would have been a man of mark and celebrity. In the presidential contests of 1888 and 1892 he was on the staff of the national chairman. In the great contest of 1888 his work in New York largely contributed to the election of General Har- rison. For a number of years he has enjoyed the most confidential political rela- tions with Senator Quay, as well as with other leaders. Physicall}', he is one of the finest looking men in the state. He numbers his friends by the thousands and in all his career he has never been known to betray a trust or to injure a friend- shij). Officers of the House of Representatives. 278 ABRAHAM D. FETTEROLF, resi- dent clerk of the House, was born in Montgomery county, Pa., June 4, 1850. He attended the public schools of his district, and subsequently coui- l)leted his education at Freeland Semi- nary (now Ursinus College), then under the principalsliip of his brother, A. H. FetteroU', now president of Girard Col- lege. At sixteen years of age he en- gaged in teaching public school in Berks and Montgomery counties and so con- tinued until he attained his majority. At this time he engaged in mercantile l)ursuits in Philadelphia. From 1871 to 1875 he was engaged as a lumber in- spector, leaving that position to engage in the flour and feed business on Market street. This was succes.sful]y followed until 1884. From 1888 to 1890 he was a member of the iirm of The lioberts Machine Company. Collegeville, Pa. He has always been an uncompromisinir Re- publican, taking a great interest in local politics. In 1882 he was elected justice of the peace for the township of Upper Providence, and served until he resigned to accept a county office. As a justice he enjoj'ed the conlidence of the people and had quite an extensive business. During the time he held this position he acted in many trust capacities, settling a large number of estates of decendents and as- signments, in all of which he displayed .signal ability. In 1885 he was appointed transcribing clerk to the House. So faithful was he in this position that the fol- lowing session he was promoted to Speaker's clerk, and .so served through the session of 1887. The session of 1889 he was again promoted to Journal clerk. As faithful eflbrt is appreciated, Mr. Fetterolf had little difficulty at the present ses- sion to secure the position of resident clerk, a position of great responsibility. Mr Fetterolf was Senatorial delegate to the State Republican convention in 1886. In 1890 he was nominated for register of wills of Montgomery county, but failed of election by seveuty-.seven majority in a year when the Democrats elected their county ticket by majorities considerably greater than that which defeated Mr. Fetterolf. He was a])pointed deputy clerk of the courts of Montgomery county in 1891, which position he filled with credit to him.self and very acceptable to the public. In this capacity he was employed until he resigned to accept his present office. In 1892 Mr. Fetterolf was unanimously elected chairman of the Republican County Committee of Montgomery county, and conducted the cami)aign of that year so successfully as to elect the entire ticket with a single excejition. In tills position he developed great executive al)ility and demonstrated that Montgomery county needed thorough organization in order to be carried by either ])arty. He was re-elected to this position for the present year. Mr. Fetterolf has been secretary of the Perkiomen Valley Mutual Fire Insurance Company since July, 1889, one of the largest and best mutual insurance com])an- ies of the country, and has also been secretary of the Perkiomen Valley Building and I>oau Association, and was for several years a director in the National Bank of Schwenksville. 18 274 Officers of the House of Representatives. J ERE B. REX, of Huntingdon, Pa., was born in Clearfield county, Sep" tember 30, 1859. Hi.s parents removed in the following year to Huntingdon county. He was educated in the public schools at Mapleton in that county, Williamsport, Pa., and Amherst, Mass. He adopted the profession of the law, and was admitted to practice in the courts of Huntingdon county in 1885. He has been connected with the Repub- lican State Committee since 1889. He was first aijpointed Reading Clerk of the House of Representatives in the session of 1891, and was re-appointed to the same position at the organization of the present House. Officers of the Home of Representatives. 275 PREDERICK WILHELM FLEITZ, *- of Scran ton, journal clerk of the House of Representatives, was born in Tioga county, March 1, 1866. He ob- tained his education in the public schools and at the Mansfield State Nor- mal School. He taught his first term of school in 1S80. Four years aftervvai'd he went to California, and was for some time principal of the Yreka High school, which position he filled with much credit and ability. Subsequently he was engaged in gold mining and the real estate business. He also engaged in silver mining in Chihanahua, Mexico, for some time. Mr. Fleitz returned east a number of years ago and was registered as a law student in 1887 in the office of Hon. H. B. Packer, of Wellsboro. Pa. He was admitted to the bar in 1889, and has since been actively engaged in the practice of his profession. He is a wise coun- sellor and able and forcible pleader, and enjoys a lucrative practice. During the ses.sion of 1891 Mr. Fleitz was transcribing clerk of the House of Representatives. So well did he do his work that at the organization of the present session he was made journal clerk, a position he is well qualified to fill. He is at all times cour- teous and obliging. This has made him many friends who stand ready at any time to do him a favor. In 1891 he removed to Scranton, Lackawanna county, where he now resides. He takes an active part in politics and is one of the Re- publican leaders in his county. 276 Officers of the House of Representatives. HENRY HUHN, Speaker Thompsou's clerk, was born iu Philadelphia July 3, 1832. He was educated in pri- vate and public schools of that city and is a graduate and alumnus of the Central High school. He learned the trade of printing in the establishment of Mears i^ Dusenberry, in Philadelphia, but health failing, by the advice of his physician, he removed to Schuylkill county, where he became chief clerk and paymaster of the Little Schuylkill Navigation Kailroad and Coal Company. He studied law with the Hon. James liyan, who was afterwards elected pres- ident judge of the courts of Schuylkill county, and built the Edgeworth Powder works iu that county, now owned by the Dupouts, and engaged in coal l)usiness for a number of years. He was nominated and elected from Schuylkill county to the House of Representatives of Penn.sylvania in October, 1860, and was a member of that body at the breaking out of the war in 1861-()2, and was active in all measures for placing Pennsylvania on a war footing. He removed to Philadelphia in 1867, and was elected to represent the Fifteenth ward in the common council of Philadelphia in 1868 for two years and was re-elected by the same constituency for the succeeding term of 1871 and 1872. He was elected president of common council in 1871 and unanimously re-elected president for 1872. Upon the adoption of the new constitution, he was elected by the .same constituency to the House of Representatives for 1875-76, and was re-elected by a largely increased majority to serve in 1877-78. He served as Speaker 2wo. tern. of the House, chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means, and a member of the Committee on Appropriations and other leading committees. Subsequently he occupied the position of reading clerk. Speaker's clerk, and chief clerk of the House and is now recognized as one of the leading parliamentarians in the state. His decisions on questions ot parliamentary procedure are .sought for by pre- siding oflflcers all over the country. While president of common council he served as a director of Girard College, member of the Board of Trusts, Commissioner of Fairmount Park, and Public Buildings and e.\-ofiicio member of all of the com- mittees of common councils, in all of which he commanded the resjiect and esteem of his fellow-citizens of all shades of political opinion. -^^ Officers of the House of Represeniaiives. Til BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BECK, Chaplain of the House of Repre- sentatives, was born in Jetferson,AVayne eonnty, Ohio, May 31, 1838. His an- cestors on his father's side emigrated to Ohio from Dauphin county, early in the present century. He was brought up on his father's farm and attended the common schools and Dickinson College, at Carlisle, Pa., whence he graduated in 1868. The bent of his mind being U)v the ministry he studied theology and preached at Newville, Cumberland county, one year. Thence he was called to the church, corner of Germantown avenue and Berks street, Philadelphia, of which he was the pastor three years. He was next called to the church at Shippensburg, where he remained two years as its pastor. Thence to Harris- burg in the spring of 1816, where he preached regularly at the Fourth Street Bethel two years. One year thereafter he was an itinerant evangelist in this state, preaching and holding religious services in various parts of it. He enjoys the reputation of being a logical and effective preacher of the gospel, pure and simple, and has a very large number of personal admirers. He has been an active city missionary in Harrisburg for about six years and has gone from house to house twice and distributed Bibles and religious literature. He has aLso charge of the Benevolent Society's business and is looking after the poor, the sick and the aged and infirm. INDEX. THE STATE DEPARTMENTS. Page. Brown, Isaac B xliv Brown, J. Woods Iv Egle, William H., xxix Farquliar, A. B., xxxv Grier, Wm. Haj'es xxxi Harrity, Wm. F xi Hensel, W. U., xiii Houck, Henry 11 Kelly, George C, liii Krumbhaar, Charles H., xxvii Greenland. W. W Gregg D. McM Luper, Georg-e B., xxm XV XXV Page. Ivil xvii xxxvii Meyers Edwin K Morrison, John W O'Neill, Col. C. T Pattison, Kobt. B ... ix Schaeffcr, Nathan C, xii Shober. Frederick xlv Stewart, Thomas J xix Stranahan, James A xliii Tate, Humphrey D xxxix Taylor, G. Morrison, xlvii Tilden, A. L xli VVatchorn, Robert, xxxiii LEGISLATIVE NEWSPAPER CORRESPONDENTS. Bancroft. L. D., . . Bolger, Peter, Buckingham, W. K. Connor, W. A., . . Crum, A. K., . . Dohoney, John P., Hall, Henry, .... Ix Ix Ix Ix Ix Ixi Ix Hoban, Peter J., . . Hudson, Sam., Jones, Thomas M., Rodearmel, Wm., . Stackpole. E. J., . . Stenger, W. R , . . Wanbaugh, Geo. M. THE SENATE. Baker, Jesse Matlack, 13 Bannon, Anthony F., 28 Becker. Elwood, 5 Brant, Matthias 43 Brewer, W. U., 36 Brown, Gerard C., . • . 31 Brown, John H., 42 Crawford. William R 53 Critchfleld, Norman B., 39 Grouse, Jacob, 11 DunJap. William B., 50 Flinn, William, 48 Fruit, James S., 51 Gobin, John P. S 20 Grady, John C 10 Green, Henry D 14 Hackenburg, William H 30 Hall, Harry Alvan 41 Henninger, Milton C, 19 Herring, Grant 37 Keefer, Luther B., 33 Kline. Clarence W., 24 Landis, John H., Iti Laubach, Edward H 31 Lemon. John A., 38 Lloyd. William Penn, 35 Logan. S. J 58 Lyon, Walter, 46 McCarrell, S. J. M 18 McCreary, David B 53 McDonald, Michael E 23 Markley, Arthur D., . . Meek, P. Gray, • • . Mitchell, Benjamin B., . Mitchell, James G.. . . Meredith, William B.. . Monaghan, Bernard J ., Neeb, John N., . . Osbourn, Francis A., . . Penrose, Boies, Porter, Chas. A., • Rapsher, William M., . Roone.v, James Ross, George, Smith, Geo. Handj', . . Smith, Winfield S Snyder, William P., . . Steel, Samuel S., Thomas, Chas. Wesley, Upperman, John, . . . AVatres, L. A., . . . Woods, Joseph M., . . . Officers of the Senate. Brown, James L., Carson, James M., Dunbar. W. H., . . Miller, Herman P., Myers, John H., . Rodgers, W. C, Smiley, Edward W. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Abrams, Elias, . . . , Anderson, David M.. . Andrews, William H., . Bare, John S Baker, Charles 1 Beck, William K., . . . Bernhard, Milton N., . . Beyerlein. Adolph, . . . Biery. William F Bliss, Ward R., . , Bolles, Courtlandt K., . Bortner. Henry M., . , Boyer, Henry K Branson, David H., . , Brodhead. William H., , Brooks. Charles H., . , Broughal. L. J., . , Buck waiter, Joseph W. Burdick, William E., . . Burke, Michael Burritt. Philo Buttcrfleld. Henry, . Cassin, William L., . . 84 2.58 161 185 229 193 205 66 146 169 74 270 72 1.50 308 177 331 236 217 194 349 173 91 Cessna, John Clarencj', James, . ■ . Cochrane, Samuel B., Coffin, Harry, . . Collamer, Daniel M., . Comly, Franklin A., . Cooper, Samuel S., . . Cotton, Emmett E., . Coyle, .John. I., . . Crawford. Albert, . ■ Criste, Peter J Crothcrs, Samuel, . . Cruise. John. . . Culbertson. William M. Curtis, William N., . Cyphert. William, . . Dale. William Dambly. B. Witman, Dence, John X DeVelin, John B.. . . Douthett, David B., . Dubs, Daniel S Dunlap, H. Thomas, . Ix Ixi 1x1 Ixi Ixi Ixi Ixi 57 56 61 58 60 59 55 136 87 123 78 93 224 344 116 339 234 99 71 114 360 155 •M-Z 226 240 83 143 2(!7 79 280 Index. Eby, Milton . . J96 Eckels, George M J64 Eaiils, John A. J 86 Fabian, James L., 140 Farr,JohnK 190 Fishel. Harry W 269 Flannery, John i' 213 Fletcher, Charles H 100 Focht, Benjamin K 353 Follweiler, Warren T., 241 Foltz, M. A.. 181 Forrest, George, 195 Fow, John H 85 Fretz, Oliver H 138 Fritz, Andrew L 158 Garvin, Tnomas H., 170 Geringer. John K., 230 Goentner, John B 235 Goodhart. John B 138 Gorman, John K., 155 Grigsby, Henry W 202 Haight, John J 179 Harrison, John T., 93 Hartley, Noah M 183 Harvey, John (J . 209 Heidelbaugh, Milton, 197 Hershey. Martin L 166 Herzoir. Jacob B., 132 Hess, Henry N., 153 Hewit, Benjamin L., 133 Heyburn. George E , J71 Hockley, Irvin K 145 Hollenbach, George C 227 Hosack. William, 187 Hunter. A. B., 264 James, Henry F 254 JetTrey, William K 211 Kane, Michael P 176 Kearns, John, 112 Kennedy, George W 343 Keppel, Samuel B 130 Keyser. William H 89 Kidd, William M 80 King, Charles S., . 156 Kinner, Floyd L., 137 Kipp. John A., . 337 Kub»ch,John 261 Kunkel, George 165 Latrerty, Samuel M 113 Laucks, John K 129 Laudenslager, John A 167 Lawrence. George V 357 Leeds, William K 75 Lemon, Michael B 110 Lennon. Michael J 206 Littley, William .... 94 Losch, Samuel A. 343 Luhr. Charles 173 Lull, Marshall J 248 Lytle, P. M.. 184 McClintic, Joseiih H., 333 McCormick, John T 147 McDonald, William J 109 McGill, W. R., 163 McMasters, Robert C, 160 Mackrell, Archibald Ill Mansfield, Ira F 134 Marshall, William T 108 Martin. Algernon L 301 Mast, Frank, 133 Mates, James B 141 Mattox, JohnL 255 Merrick, Walter T 252 Metzger, Owen G 238 Millard, Humphrey J., 350 Miller, Ephraim D 247 Miller, William H 219 Moore, Daniel F., 153 Moore, Frank N., 136 Moore, Robert J 69 Moyles, Thomas M 213 Muehlbronner, Charles A., 106 Murphy. Samuel D., 363 Nesbit, JohnAV .■ 117 Newman, Albert S., 135 Page. Nickell, William, 103 Niles, Jerome B 351 North, Herman H., 218 Okell, Frank T., 192 Page, Samuel S., I68 Patterson, Thomas McC, 259 Peltz, Samuel. 95 Pennewill, Walton, 81 Piatt, Frank H., 266 Porter. W. Newton, 265 Pyle, Philip A 198 Quiggle, James C, 157 Quinuan, John P., 191 Ransley, Harry C, 67 Raven, Alfred H 88 Raymond, J. Koss, 175 Reber. F. Leonard, 131 Reed, William F 220 Reese, Daniel J 210 Reinoehl, John K., 304 Renn, Isaiah J., 335 Richardson, Alplionse, 68 Richey, Joseph T 119 Richmond, Josejih G 97 Kiebel. John H., 90 Ritor, Frank M 76 Ritter. Walter B 214 Robb, Isaac H., 331 Robinson, James P 268 Rui)p. Joseph C 207 Schick. Jacob D., 70 Schofield, James 148 Schwarz, Richard F., 223 Scott, John M 73 Seanor, N., 186 Seely, Charles B., 215 Seyt'ert, Augustus G 199 Shepherd. Carlile 139 Skinner, George W., 182 Smith, Robert, 98 Smith, W. C, 137 Smith, William O., 188 Stayer, Andrew S 134 Stewart, Samuel E., 121 Stewart, William F. 83 Stineman, Jacob C 143 Strickler, Abraham H 180 Taggart, Austin L., 238 Talbot. D. Smith 151 Taxis, John O., 103 Tewksbury, Edward M., 159 Thomas, James J 144 Thompson. Caleb C 256 Thornton. J. Russell, 178 Tool, Edward W., 245 Vare. George A., 65 Walker, Thomas, 203 Wallace, Samuel 130 Walton, Henry F 101 Weaver, David E., 115 Weisshaar, George W., 96 Weller, JohnC, 246 Wertheimer, Emanuel, 107 West. Joseph G., . 149 Weyand, Jacob 125 Wheeler, Charles M 174 Wherry, Samuel McC 163 Wilson, Johns 200 Wilson, H. Latimer 189 Wilson, Matthew McL., 118 Wilson, Nicholas G., 105 Wood, George G 216 Woodring, William H 333 Ziegler, William T 104 Zulick, C. B 233 Officeks of the House of Repre- sentatives. Beck. Rev. Benjamin F 377 Fetterolf, Abraham D 273 Fleitz, Frederick W 275 Huhn, Henry, 376 Rex, Jere B 274 Voorhees, Charles E 273 '''"^*' vj ,J^,J