83^ • TT/np \ T_T I Tine Coming Sta ^ ^^^'^* The Promised L£ te and The Scenic Line to Utah. Rio Grande Western Railway, Great Salt Lake Routi » Two Fast Through Express Trains R.CB.OSS T«"a G011Tl^"aRT Dft.l"L.Y Offers Choice of Three Distinct Routes and Most Magnifi cent Scenery in the World FAST LOCAL TRAINS BETWEEN SALT LAKE CITY ^^ OGDEN, PROVO, EUREKA And All Points in Tintic and Sanpete anc Sevier Valleys. For Descriptive Pamphlets, Etc., Write to F. A. WADLEIGH, General Passenger Agent, SALT LAKE CITY. D. C. DODGE, S. H. BABCOCK. Vice-President and General Manager, Traffic Manager IH TH&^HflDOW OF yV\552'^' BY LiEOTsr^ai^lD pO\zxZ]_.H;i^, Being a Compendium of the Various Advantages to be Derived by Living in this Rome of America; in this land of Perpetual Sun- shine; the Home of the Lilac and Rosevine; the Bower of Mysterious Night Fairies whose Soft Voices woe one to Sweet Slumber all the Year 'round. It is a Com- plete and Revised History of the City by the Sea, from the time of the Old Spanish Ex plorers, and a full description of its many Advantages for the Home-Seeker, Speculator, Health-Seeker and Investor. Between its covers will also be found the Pictures and the Stories of the lives of men who have done more than aught else to make Salt Lake what She is. The Tourist will also find much informa- tion good to read, well to Think about and Better to Remember. a. i^-l Souvenir Guide Co., Publishers. Chas. A. Lucas, Manager. r^ Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1895, By CHAS. a. LUCAS, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C. ^'^ DEDICATION. To Salt Lake, where I have spent so many happy, sunshiny hours, do I dedicate this little book, hoping that it may go forth and bring others within the radius of its incomparable sunshine and phosphorescent moonlight. Ill the heat of the noon-tide splendor, In the rosy light of dawn, In the rays of the dying sunset, Long ago a child was born. 'Twas not a dainty dimpled maiden, But a chubby, sturdy boy; A winsome child whose healthy growing Caused Columbia greatest joy. Over the peaks of the Rocky Mountains, In the Land of the Great Yuta, The babe was born and grew to boyhood 'Neath the rule of Mormon law. A little waif in the dreary desert, Where the shadows lingered long, The babe and boy was wooed to slumber By the swaying poplar's song. But his Uncle came and took him, Took him for Columbia's sake; He has grown to sturdy manhood. And his name is— Great Salt Lakr. The Author. In the midst of this light, which was most brilliant around his person, stood a radiant being, whose countenance was more bright than vivid lightning and was marvelously lovely. He seemed of greater stature than an ordinary man and moved and stood without touching the floor. He was clothed in a robe of intense and dazzling whiteness, far exceed- ing anything of an earthly character; and his hands and his wrists and feet and ankles, as well as his head and neck, were bare. This glorious personage stood at Joseph's bedside; and to the awed youth, in a voice of tenderness and comfort, calling Joseph by name, the angel announced himself to be a messenger from the presence of the Almighty, and that his name was Moroni. — //is/ii>y of Joseph Smith, by Georg^e Q. Cannon, Page 40. Ii Historical Salt Lake. PROLOGUE. ROM ocean to ocean, from the Great Lakes to the Gulf, there is not a more historical city than this — Salt Lake. That fragrant aroma which age and antiquity ever lends shall ever hang over the Rome of America; the city by the sea. St. Augustine has her associations; Santa Fe rears her head, white with the forgotten days of centuries agone, proud in the knowl- edge of her hoary old age; but Salt Lake has more than they. St. Augustine and Santa Fe have naught but their age to recommend them to the homeseeker and tourist. Salt Lake has more. There is not a street nor an alley nor a tree nor a house that is not possessed oi its own individual veil of obscurity and garment of historical interest It is a quaint old spot, is Salt Lake, with its queer adobe houses here and there, nestling so quietly after the storms and sunshine of de- cades, and presenting such strong contrast to its modern six and eight story buildings. Humbly they hover beneath their own particular linden tree, covered with their vines of honeysuckle and ivy, and breathing always the exquisite aroma of their rose-bushes and lilacs. To see them sitting in some obscure corner and then to look across to some tall building outlined against the Itahan sky, one is seized with a sharp pain at the heart, and wants to believe that, after all, the old things are best. Surely they, with their memories of the past, are worthy of one little prayer, and .som.ehow .one feels better for granting them this. CHAPTER I. ASSING Strange it is that from time immemorial the mystery of the northern seas has been a fascinating subject for the explorers of all nations. This was more particularly so during that period immediately following the discovery of America by Columbus and all during the succeeding centuries and until the Col- onies became the States. During that period the de- sire for conquest and exploration was the paramount subject of dis- cussion and ambition of individuals. If history is to be believed the wildest excitement prevailed when it became known that there was a new and undreamed of land lying beyond the horizon and over the sea. Possibly it was the law of compensation, possibly it was the nat- ural desire of the Spaniard of those days to sally forth and, like Don Quixote, see thinjjs for himself, and possibly it was the desire to emu- late the example of his Sovereigns; but whatever the reason, certain it is the Spaniards were among the first in the field, and of all explorers were most daring and thorough. While representatives from other .nations were looking for Indian tigers and white elephants in the pri- meval forests of the New England States, the Spaniards had explored the Mississippi from its source to the Gulf, and had prowled through the virgin shrubbery and over the mountains of the then unknown and unknowable West. That this is so, is proven by the Spanish nomenclature of California, New Mexico, Arizona and Utah. It was during one of these explorations, led by Francisco Vasquez •de Coronado, in 1540, that the Moqui Indians informed the party of a laro-e river that Jay ffyr npjth ,0/ Zuni, at which place Coronado' s Spanish Explorers and Ex= plorations body was resting^, waiting for the main army to catch up. Immedi- ately upon receipt of this information, Coronado detailed Captain Garcia Lopez de Cardenas to go with twelve men and explore it. According to the most authentic authorities this party took a north- westerly course and came upon the Colorado River within the boun- daries of the present Utah On account of the height of the walls of the canyon through which this river flows, they were unable to cross it or descend to its bed. Compelled by thirst and lack of sufficient pro visions, they finally gave up the project after many weary attempts and returned to the main body. Captain Garcia Lopez de Cardenas was therefore the first white man to set foot within the boundaries of the present Utah. A more pronounced exploration was that of Fr. Francisco Atan- asio Dominguez and Fr. Silvestre Velez Escalante, two Franciscan Friars, who started from Santa Fe, New Mexico, about the middle of 1776. Taking the old Spanish trail which then led from Santa Fe to Los Angeles, their course was at first northwest, but later Captain it was altered so that the Friars passed first through Colo- Garcia ^ J rado and then into Utah, their course thus being what was Lopez ue '^ Cardenas later called, and which is indeed yet known in some places and the as "The Old Spanish Trail from Santa Fe to the Great Franciscan Salt Lake." This was not altogether an unknown path- Friars, way, as many Spanish explorers had traveled it before and had given their names to rivers, mountains and sections of country along the route. It must have been about the latter part of September in 1776, that the Friars with their retainers following up the Uintah across the Duchesne, to what is now known as the Timpanogos, dis- covered Utah Lake. It was also a different sort of an Indian that the old Franciscan peres discovered here in the basin of the Great Salt Lake. They had been led to believe that they would find a race of Pueblos or town builders, but it was not so, for the Indians here were savage but not fierce and wild They were docile and kind, were these native Yutas, willing to feed and help the trav- eler on his way, and much im- pressed with the dignified and stately ceremon- ial of the Roman Church. They THE ABORIGINES. wauted the priests to return and found a mission in their midst, and to show their good faith they gave many tokens. Maybe it was the climate that made these natives so kind and gentle, for in the old Spanish archives the narrative that tells of this exploration, says: "We had been troubled by colds, but here the climate is so soft and balmy and delicious withal that it is a pleasure to breathe it." It was the Yutas who gave this first account of the Great Salt Lake, and this account is contained in Fr. Escalante's diary of the journey, where it is told in full. According to his entry the Indians told of "A wonderful lake of many leagues, whose waters are extreme- ly salt, and he who wets his body with this water feels itchy." The Friars did not think themselves called upon, however, to go any far- ther as their provisions had given out and they were told of many un- known dangers that would assail and confront them if they pursued their way any farther to the north. They therefore turned their way southward, and after many hard- 10 ships succeeded in reaching Santa Fe, in the early part of The Friars, lyjy^ having been gone nearly six months. e u as This was the last exploration into the boundaries of the present Utah until 1824, when James Bridger, a trap- Great Salt per in the employ of the Northwestern Fur Company, is LaKe* found standing upon the shores of the Great Salt Lake, wondering whether it is an arm of the Pacific, and tasting of its brackish waters. To Bridger belongs the honor of the discovery of Great Salt Lake, and to a wager did Bridger owe the honor. This is a peculiar story and serves to illustrate how to little things do some men owe their greatest successes. According to the account of this memorable event a party of trappers led by Ashley and Henry were encamped on the Bear River in Cache Valley. While they were sitting around the camp fire one night, the question as to the probable course of Bear River arose. This was discussed pro and con, since being fur hunters they were naturally interested as to whether they might find beavers at its mouth. The outcome of the argument was, that a wager was made and Bridger was sent to decide it. Following the river through the mountains the first view of the Great Salt Lake burst upon him, December i6th, 1824. It was in the following year, that Bridger with a party of four men sailed Bridger's down Bear River in skin boats and out upon the bosom Bet, the Bear River o( the Great Salt Lake. and the To the Ashley of this party of fur hunters belongs the Great Salt honor of the erection of the first fort within the limits of the Lake. present Utah. It was erected on the shores of Utah Lake in 1825. It was he, also, who brought the first cannon west of the Rocky Mountains; this occurred in 1827, and for years afterward the little six-pounder at Fort Ashley was held in much awe and reverence by the kindly and gentle Yutas. Ashley has been honored, too, in II the nomenclature of Utah, for there is an Ashley Lake, an Ashley River and an Ashley town, while James Bridger, the man who first set foot on the shores of Great Salt Lake, has been forgotten by all but the dusty pages of the musty tomes of American history. But such is fame. t-=. ^-ir^ CHAPTER II. HIS was a period of slow communication. The telegraph, the telephone, and the railroad had not come, that the news of the world might be read by the world day by day, and so it was, that although this discovery was made known as quickly as possible, it is found that Captain B. L. E. Bonneville, coming upon this Lake six years afterward, made a map and called the Lake after himself. It was easy to do this because the early emigrants, on their way to California, did not touch this section, and for years after but little was known of this mysterious inland sea. In 1841, however, the fur companies commenced sending out their agents, and gradually the Great Salt Lake became so well e known that the various religious denominations began sending their missionaries to the Indians. One of these, John Bidwell, who visited this section in 1841, left behind him a man- uscript, in which he makes frequent mention of the now well known mirages of the Great Salt Lake, and also the barreness of its now fer- tile basin. According to Mr. Bidwell drinking water was almost an unknown quantity and there was absolutely no pasturage for his live- stock. In 1842 A. L. Lovejoy and Marcus Whitman passed through Utah on their way to Oregon. In the following year John C. Fre- mont and Kit Carson, accompanying an immigrant train, passed so close to the Great Salt Lake, that he, with Carson, decided to embark upon its waters. Taking a rubber boat they dropped down the Weber River, on which the train was encamped, and sailed out upon the Lake What Bonneville Did. 13 John C. Fremont makes the first camp on the present in the early part of October of that year. They went so far as what is known as Castle or Fremont Island, from whence they returned and proceeded upon their way. In 1845 Fremont returned with another party of immigrants, and made camp upon the present site of Salt Lake City. This was the first camp made in this immediate vicinity site of Salt and this was the last party of white men to visit this parti - Lake City, cular section before its later discovery and occupation by the pioneer band of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. So closely are the interests of the Mormon church identified with the history and interests of Salt Lake City that it is practically impos- sible to narrate the fortunes of one without giving the history of the other. The history of the world, either ancient or modern, or the stories dealing with the settlement of the States and localities of Amer- ca, does not furnish an instance parallel to the causes which led up to the settlement ot Salt Lake City. The men who came here came with the avowed purpose of founding a city, and not in search of silver or gold, but this being an history of Salt Lake City, it has nothing to do with the various and manifold causes which led up to its settlement, since an account of these causes would bean history of the Mormon Church, and space is limited. The first revelation with re- ardto Mormonism was received Joseph Smith. '•4 .^ / i K ^^P' H by Prophet Joseph Smith in the spring of 1820, and the vision thus received was not made pubHc until 1830, but in seventeen years after its foundation, the sect had increased so rapidly and become so powerful that in 1847, the fanatics of other religions felt themselves called upon to persecute and drive them from the homes they had made in Illinois and Missouri. Much has been written with regard to the Mormon Church, tomes upon tomes of matter. A great deal of it has been composed of lies made of the whole cloth, while other has been fair and impartial. That the Mormons had then, and yet have their faults, no one will deny, but surely those faults could not have been great enough to warrant the wholesale persecu- tion, pillaging and murder, ac- counts of which occur all too frequently in even the most im- partial histories of the Mormon Church. It was this persecution that caused their removal from Nau- voo, Illinois, the then seat of the Church, the first party setting forth about January loth, 1846 BRiGHAM YOUNG ^his party was led by Brigham Young in person accompanied by apostles John Taylor, George A. Smith, Heber C. Kimball, Willard Richards, Orson Hyde, Orson Pratt, Parley P. Pratt, Amasa Lyman and Wilford Woodruff, the present head of the Church. Of their long journey over the plains this story has nothing to do; suffice it to say, that under the 15 leadership of Brigham Young, Stephen Markham and John Pack, a hundred and forty volunteers started from their winter quarters at Council Bluffs in the spring of 1847, with the valley of the Great Salt Lake as their objective point. This valley, then a wilderness. Some Mor= was beyond the jurisdiction of the United States, and mon Facts nearly a thousand miles from civilization, but profiting by and the their former experiences, the Saints had arrived at the First conclusion that only beyond the pale of civilization lay Expedition j j t- J. ^v. safety for them. to the ■' Valley of ^' ^^^ ^^ ^^^ latter part of June, 1847, that Brigham the Great Young with his little band of pioneers arrived at the South 3alt Lake. Pass of the Rocky Mountains. No one knew anything of the country, and many of the party had fallen ill from the effects of mountain fever. After holding a formal meeting and con- sulting with the leader, Brigham directed Orson Pratt to take the most able-bodied men and make his way to the valley, a portion of which he could see from where the party was encamped. Pratt was also told to build a road as he progressed, so that those who followed should know the way. These directions were complied with immedi- ately, as Brigham was very impatient of delay, and so rapidly did they The Mor- Progress, that by the middle of July, 1S47, Orson Pratt mons Dis= and Erastus Snow, with their handful of men, encamped in cover the Emigration Canyon. It was on the 21st of July that Valley of these two leaders emerged from the mountains, and stand- the Great j^^^ ^^ what is now known as the East Bench, saw spread Salt Lake. ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^jj^^ ^^ ^^^ q^.^^^ g^j^ Lake in all its wild and weird desolation. After offering thanks to God for his comfort and guidance the party descended the mountains and before noon had staked ofi land suitable for crops, William Carter plowing the first furrow . i6 Brigham was slowly following, and reached the valley about noon of the 24th The three days had been occupied in making ready the soil and turning the water of City Creek into ditches for irrigation purposes. George A. Smith planted the first potato, which was the first vegetable planted in the valley. The whole party immediately commenced labor, and it was on Monday, July 27th, 1847, six dayh after their arrival, that the first log house was begun. It was the property of Burr Frost and is standing yet not far from the Tem- The First House Built in Salt Lake City. ^j^ The Citv was quickly laid out in blocks ot ten acres and in lots ot an acre and a quarter, the present site of the Temple being selected as the central point from where all streets should radiate. On the 29th of July, an- other party of an hundred and fifty Saints who had wintered at Pueblo arrived in the valley and other Saints have been arriving ever since. CHAPTER III ITH the Saints labor was a cardinal virtue. Lahore est orare was their motto, selected :5| for the same reason that Deseret, whose meaning^ is honey-bee, was taken as a name for their community. So earnestly, in- deed, did they labor, that in the springs of 1848 — only six months after their arrival in the valley, they were well clothed, well housed and well feed. A fort was erected in the southern part of the City, which was used as protection against the wild beasts, many sorts of which roamed and prowled around the houses at night mak- ing life miserable for the settlers. Life, indeed, was not all too easy at best. The furniture was of the rudest sort. Brigham Young's house The first ^^ described as being furnished with a chest which was used Furnish= fo"" ^ table, a bedstead built in the corner of the house, the merit of two walls of which made two sides and two green poles Brigham making it complete. Pegs were driven into the walls and Young s j-aiis^ and a rope wound tightly about them. On this was placed the mattress brought from Nauvoo. The chimneys were of adobe, built in the corner, the hearth made of fire baked clay Notwithstanding all these difficulties and hardships the Saints contin- ued to come in ever-increasing numbers, so that in March, 1848, there were in the Valley four hundred and twenty-three houses harboring one thousand six hundred and seventy-one souls, which number had, before the end of the year, increased to five thousand people. Saw- mills, printing-presses, c^rding-machines, fanning-mills, threshing- machines, mill-irons, and mill stones, were soon brought into the Val- ley, so that life gradually became more livable. i8 The Towards the close of 1 848 a census was taken with the Census of following enumeration as a result: the Winter Whites, four thousand three hundred and ninety-three; of 1848. Negroes, twenty-four; wagons, seven hundred and ninety- two; oxen, two thousand five hundred and twenty-seven; cows, one thousand and seven hundred; horses, one hundred and eighty-one; sheep, one thousand and twenty-three; other live-stock not enumerated. How incredible this seems when contrasted with the metropolitan city of to-day, and how different must have been the pic- ture presented to the travel- worn emigrant of those pioneer days i ^«-«v^ra s is-,- ^^"'■■^T-^^I^-^" ^l^r^'*^^^'- 5SM«2icaji ■■■■■l^^':.jaHBBRfV > '^■■W.t.BHHI Salt Lake City To-dav. Steadily they continued laboring, every man being required at some particular time to pay his poll tax in labor on the streets. A council house was built on East Temple Street, opposite the Temple site, and resolutions were passed against the sale of "spirituous, malt or vinous liquors " During the latter part of this year a county government was or- ganized and the following elected to fill the respective offices. Sheriff: John D. Barker; Judge of Probate: Isaac Clark; Recorder and Treasurer: Evan M. Green; County Commissioners: David D. 19 Yearsley, Andrew H. Perkins, George Coulson; Magis- trates: Jacob B Bigler, William Snow, Levi Bracken, Jonathan C Wright; District Clerk: James Sloan. The first headquarters of this government was the old Bowery, of which previous mention has been made. What a change from the old post and board shack of then to the magnificent City and County Building of now. Incidental to this election two hunting companies were formed under the leadership The Per= sonnel.of the First County Qovern= ment. CiTV AND County Building. of John D Lee and John Pack The necessity for such a body had long existed on account of numerous wild beasts that had infested the colony. These companies evidently performed well their duty, since a report submitted to Brigham Young in March, 1849, contains entries which show that in the first four months of their existence they killed two bears, two wolverines, two wild cats, seven hundred and eighty-three 20 wolves, four hundred and nine foxes, thirty-one minks, nine eagles, five hundred and thirty magpies, hawks and owls, and one thousand and twenty-six ravens. Evidently the hunting companies were sorely needed and it is as evident that they performed well their work. As yet no monetary unit or circulating medium had been found. As a consequence all trading had to be done in kind: that is, if A had a pair of boots that B wanted to buy and B had some corn that A wished to use, a bargain was effected then and there, but this sort of trading was the cause ol endless trouble, worry and disagreements, as, if B did not happen to have just what A wanted, B was com - pelled to hunt around and find some body who did, and thus it often happened, that in order to get any single commodity, one would sometimes have to trade with a dozen different people. Gold dust was tried, but great inconvenience resulted from the Deseret's .... waste caused by weighing it. At the instance of Brigham First ^ Young, however, bills were soon issued by the Deseret Currency, '^ -^ Which Currency Association, whose capital, strange to say, was Was Re= composed oi cattle. deemable Building was still pursued with the utmost vigor. Al- in Cattle, ready the church institutions, a tithing house, a tabernacle, a bowery, made of posts and boarding capable of seating eight thou- sand people, a social hall, and a Seventies' Hall of Science, were built while the Saints all over the world were urged to self-denial, and to save the sums which they would otherwise spend for tea, coffee, snuft and tobacco These sums were to be devoted toward defraying the expenses of building the Temple, which even at that early date had been fully planned It must be borne in mind that the Mormons are looking for the near advent of Christ and thus their haste to build a Temple worthy of his reception. A complete system of irri- gation had been put in operation, and through every street of the City 21 ran a pure, clear stream of City Creek water, which was thence diverted into garden plats. In the spring of 1849 a carrying company was organized to carry settlers and gold-hunters to California. This line passed directly through Salt Lake City and was the first method of communication that had yet been established between it and the outside world. Its post house and the first hotel established in Salt Lake City stands yet on the corner of Third South and State Streets, opposite the Knutsford Hotel. When the gold excitement first reached Salt Lake City, the Saints being but human Saints after all, wanted to leave right away for the land of Ophir, but the Apostles rebuked them sternly and Brigham Yourg in a sermon delivered on the sub- ject in the early pait of October, 1849, said: 'If we were to go to California and dig up chunks of gold, or find it in this Valley, it would ruin us. 1 hope the gold mine will be no nearer than eight hundred miles. Brigham There is more delusion on this Continent and the people Youne on ^^^ more perfectly crazy now than ever before. If you Gold Min= elders of Israel want to go to the gold mines, go and be . damned! If you go, I would not give a picayune to save you from everlasting hell and damnation!" In the first days of their oc- cupation of the Valley the Saints had made ample arrangem e n t s and appropria- tions for educa- tional purposes, but in 1850, by a The New J\Jormon Tjthjng Store. vote of Congress, $25,ooo was appropriated, four fifths of which sum was to be used for the purpose of building a State House — which was never built — and the other one-fifth for the purpose of founding a library in Salt Lake City, and the Utah Delegate to Congress was authorized to select the works, several thousand volumes of which were sent to Salt Lake and stored in the old Council House that same year. On June 15th, of that year, the first number of The Deseret News, a weekly paper, and the organ of the Church, was issued. In the first issue occurs the fol- lowing gem from the pen ofan unknown author: "Let all who would have a good paper, Their talents and time ne'er abuse; Since 'tis said by the wise and humored That the best in the world is the News. The First Issue of the Then ye who so long have been thinking What paper this year you will choose, Deseret Come trip gaily up to the office News. And subscribe for The Deseret News. And now, dearest friends, I will leave you; This counsel, I pray you don't lose; The best of advice I can give you Is: Pay in advance for the News." The News was instituted under the editorial supervision of Wil- lard Richards, a man of fine parts and versatile genius, and the history of the paper alone would form an interesting volume. In the first days of its career it sold for fifteen cents a copy, and was issued regularly — except when paper and type gave out It was then, has always been and is now a Church institution, but it has always managed to keep above the petty spites and jealousies, and indecent embroglios which were all too frequent in the early days With regard to such questions as it cares to discuss, it is to-day probably one of the most ably edited journals west of the Missouri River. The office is located in the old tithing yard on the corner of Main and South Temple Streets. 23 Five years after the arrival of the Pioneer band of Latter- Day Saints in the Valley of the Great Salt Lake, the United States census returns gave the City a population of six thousand males, and by the close of 1852, it was estimated that this had increased by four thou- sand souls. Indeed every inducement was held out to the Saints to immigrate, and during October of 1849 the Perpetual Immigration Fund Company was organized. The purpose of this Company was to aid in the removal of poor converts from their homes to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake. So well did it accomplish this that during the forty years of its existence it brought fifty thousand persons Th Per- ^^ ^^^ United Stales. In 1852 arrangements were made so netual lni= ^^^^ ^^^ Saints were brought from Liverpool, England, to migration the Valley of the Great Salt Lake for $50, the overland Fund journey from Council Bluffs being usually made with hand- Company, carts, in which provisions, tents, blankets, and those who Organized ^^^j^ ^^^ ^^U^ ^^^^ carried. In this way did come the pioneers and early settlers to the haven over the Rockies, to modern Deseret. Guided by the red flame of the dying sunset they pursued their way over the dry and arid plains to that little collection of adobes nestling by the sea. Small wonder, indeed, that homes in the wilderness and on bleak mountain sides grew, increased and multiplied. These people were men, brave, manly men, made of the stufit that patriots are, and determined to do whatsoever lay in their power to found a home in a quiet haven, where they might be free from the carping, hypocritical sneers of their ene- mies. No power under heaven could have hindered their progress and prosperity, as no power under heaven could have hindered and quenched the "spirit of '76." CHAPTER IV ^'HEN the first Mormon legions arrived in the basin of the Great Salt Lake, had they fenced themselves in and allowed none but Mormons to come among them, it is more than probable that there would have been no foul blots en the pages of the history of Utah, and certain it is that the amount of lies that have been circulated about them would have been reduced to a minimum, but with the coming of the Gentiles came a discordant spirit, and the playing on the harpstrings of Zion was not so harmonious as it had been before. Through the ages it has been a well recognized fact that govern- ment without the consent of the governed is impossible. Until 1849 the ecclesiastical government of the Mormon Church had been the civil government of its members. So far as the members of the Church were concerned this sort of government was satisfactory, but with the increase of the Gentile population, who would not under any circumstances consent to be governed in that way, it was found that a civil government, more pronouncedly formal, was an immediate necessity. The First Constitu = City the 4th day of March of that year. Delegates were tional Con= j -t j j s, vention elected and on the appointed day there was "a gather- ing of the clans." Albert Carrington, Joseph L. Hey wood. Wm. W. Phelps, David Fuller, Charles C. Rich, John Taylor, Parley P. It was therefore early in the year 1849 that a Consti- tutional Convention was summoned to meet at Salt Lake Pratt, John N. Bernhisel and Erastus Snow were appointed a com- mittee to draw up the Constitution. In a few days this was done, and the Provisional State of Deseret was organized. This word Deseret occurs frequently in the Book of The Pro= Mormon and means "honey-bee," and a beehive was visional adopted as the emblem of the new state. State of ^ Deseret ^' ^^^ adopted as a name for the new state because of 26 the comparison between it and Canaan of old, the "land of milk and honey." The Constitution was much the same as the Constitution of other states, and under its provisions an election was ordered to take place on the 12th day of March. On that date the Saints assembled in the Bowery, of The First . , , which building previous mention has been made, for the Election first time for such a purpose. The successful ticket, which Successful PolJ^*^ ^ majority of six hundred and twenty-four votes, was: Ticket. Governor, Brigham Young; Secretary of State, Wiliard Richards; Marshal, Horace S. Eldredge; Attorney-General, Daniel H. Wells; Assessor and Collector, Albert Carrington; Treasurer, Newell K. Whitney; Supervisor of Roads, Joseph L Hey wood; Judiciary — Heber C Kimball, Chief Justice; John Taylor, Associate Justice; Newell K. \A hitney, Associate Justice. Not wishing to antagonize the Federal Government, no time was lost in the preparation of a memorial which, by the 30th cf April, had been signed by two thousand two hundred and seventy persons. Dur- ing the first week in July, Almon W. Babbitt was elected Delegate to Congress, the memorial was adopted and both sent to Washington. On his arrival. Babbitt was given a somewhat chilly reception, and the memorial in which he prayed to be seated as a delegate from the Pro- visional State of Deseret, was disposed of by the Committee on Elec- tions by the adoption of a resolution in which it was stated that it was "inexpedient to admit Almon W. Babbitt, Esq., to a seat in this body as a delegate from the alleged Provisional State of Deseret." The memorial was treated likewise and died in the room of the Committee on Territories. This was a sore blow to the leaders, who had expected at least civilized courtesy, but they managed to plod along until the following year, when affairs assumed such a shape that Congress was obliged to 27 take official cognizance, and the self-styled State of Deseret was ad- mitted as the Territory of Utah. Just why Congress changed the petitioned-for name was then, is now and will ever be a secret, unless it may be explained by the pres- ence of a majority of mean, small spirits in Congress, who in their deal- ings always did just exactly opposite to what the Mormons asked them to do. The spelling, indeed, is not correct nor warranted by facts, as the name of the Indians is, as it was spelled by the early Spaniards, "Yutas." The Ute nation which belongs to the Shoshone family, ' consists of many tribes. There are the Pah Ules, the Gosh Utes, the Derivation Uinta Utes, the Yam Pah Utes and many others. Pah of the means water; Pah Guampe,S2\X. water, therefore Pah Utes, Word Indians that live by the water. Pah Guampe Utes or Yam Utah. Pah Utes, Indians that dwell by the salt water or Salt Lake In the Indian language ute means indian, although the Moquis spelled the name of the Indians living about the Salt Lake as the early Spaniards did, Yutas. Later, however, it was corrupted, so that the various periods are marked by "Youta," "Eutaw," "Utaw" and "Utah." It was on the 7th of September, 1850, that the territory was ad- mitted, and in January the following year, the Mormons incorporated the town under the name of Great Salt Lake City, under the laws of the General Assembly, which body on the 5th of April of the same year was dissolved, although it was not until 1852 that Congress con- descended to appoint an oliftcial government. On the 8th of August of that year by special legislation three judicial districts were defined; Utah's the first including the City and County of Great Salt Lake. First Fed= By the same act the following roster of officials was an- eral Qov= nounced: Governor and Superintendent of Indian Affairs, ernment. gj-igham Young; Secretary of State, B. D. Harris; United 28 States Attorney, Seth M. Blair; United States Marshal, Joseph L. Hey- wood. Judiciary — Lemuel H. Brandebury, Chief Justice; Percy E. Brocchus, Associate Justice; Zerubbabel Show, Associate Justice. Rarely has the United States Government appointed gentlemen to fill positions of trust where such are most needed — on the frontier. Of this roster Brigham Young, Seth M Blair and Joseph L. Heywood were Mormons, while the others were ignorant boors, who labored under the idea that Mormonism was legalized prostitution, and ac- cepted their positions as missionaries would. Judge Brocchus had not been in the City twenty -four hours before he commenced to lecture and preach against it. He even went so far as to address the General Conference of the Mormons with a long, stilted and vulgar argument against it. When asked to apologize for his insults he refused to do so. So obnoxious was the government of these men that Utah again sought admission as a state in January, 1854 Another memorial was placed in the care of John M. Bernhisel, and both were again ignored when presented to Congress. In this year John F. Kinney succeeded Brandebury as Chief Justice, and of all the officials ever sent to Utah Kinney was most popular In his history of these times Bancroft gives a most interesting picture of him. 'Rotund, of vinous aspect, of medium height, dull witted, brusque of manner and pompous in mien, he was a man An Utah whom Brigham knew well how to use, and so well was he Judge of used that before taking leave of the Mormons he became Ye Olden an open apologist for polygamy. On his arrival in Salt Time. Lake City, he added to his judicial functions the occupa- tion of storekeeper and boarding-house proprietor. He never lost the good- will of his patrons and never refused to drink with them." The men who did more than aught else to bring the trouble be- tween the United States and the Mormons was Associate Justice W. W. 2g Drummond. This man deserted his wife and children, leaving them without means of support in a small town in Illinois With him, to Utah, he brought a harlot from the haunts of the demi-mondaine of Washington. Here was a direct issue presented: "Shall we admit him to our homes and firesides?" asked the Mormon husbands and fathers, and the answer was a large and emphatic no! When this de- cision was made known, the worst in the man's character manifested What itself, and throughout all his reports with regard to Utah Judge affairs, made to the authorities and filed in Washington, Drum- occur the most patent falsehoods. Mostly on account of these lies, and also in order to satisfy the demand of the party politicians for more patronage, Presi- dent James Buchanan determined that Brigham Young should be de- posed as Governor of the Territory, and it was also determined that a body of armed men should be sent to uphold the dignity and authoiity of his successor It was one bright sunshiny morning in July, 1857, that the news oi this was first delivered to the Saints, twenty-five hun- dred of whom were assembled in the Cottonwood Canon, celebrating the Pioneer Anniversary. The day had been spent in feasting and re- joicing, and tired out with play the children had fallen asleep with their heads in their mother's laps, while the fathers either fished or swapped stories under the trees near by. On the summer stillness there was borne the sound of hoof beats. In a moment every thing was conlu sion, for a visitor from the outside world was always an event in the quiet life of the mountain dwellers in those days of long ago. Men Buchan= jumped to their feet to welcome the friend or repel the an's De= enemy. What was their surprise when Abraham O. Smoot, cision and Mayor of the City, proprietor ol the mail route, and super- intendent of the Brigham Young express, galloped upon mon War. , . ,. . , , • 1 n • 1 a/ r .l his foammg pony and whispered to Bngfiam Young of trie 30 approach of the army. Mr. Smoot had been on his way to Inde- pendence, when informed of the approach of the army. Entrusting the delivery of his mail bags to an attendant he galloped back to spread the news. Driven from home after home, compelled to undergo the most discouraging hardships, forced to see their wives and children perish with cold and starvation, saints though they were, this information was received with derision. Old Glory meant nothing to them, for its silk- en folds waving in the summer breezes of Missouri and in the icy blasts ot an Illinois winter, had been the ensignia of authority of a brutal mob which pillaged their glorious temple at Nauvoo, burned their houses at Independence and killed their leader at Carthage. That emblem of hberty, of free speech, and free conscience meant for them naught but pillage and rapine, starvation and death. All eyes and all hopes turned upon Brigham, and Brigham's answer was, "War to the knife." When General Harney, in command of the Army of Utah, heard of this he remarked: What Gen. "' ^"^ ordered there, and I'll winter in that valley or Harney I'll winter in hell." Said. Had General Harney continued in command it is more than likely that he would have "wintered in hell;" but his services being again required in Kansas, Colonel Albert Sidney John- ston succeeded him. If Colonel Johnston could have taken immediate charge, it is more than probable that much that is contained in history would not have occurred; but Colonel Alexander, a young and inex- perienced officer, who was entirely unfit for such momentous duty, was in command and determined to fulfill Harney's threats to the letter, and in accordance with this determination pressed on towards Salt Lake City, disregarding all warnings to the contrary. All able- 31 bodied Mormons in Deseret had been organized under the com- mand of General Daniel H. Wells. The result was that in October of that year, a party of Mormons was sent out under Lot Smith, and Colonel Alexander's supply trains were burned. Thus commenced the Mormon war. The spirit of resistance of the Mormons, together with the absurdity of the Administration'^ policy, awakened sympathetic remonstrances from the best peo- ple all over the country, so that yielding to the pressure of public opinion Mr. Buchanan, on the 6th day of April, issued a proclamation, granting amnesty to the Mormons, and dispatched it by L. W. Powell and Major B Mc- Culloch to Brigham Young. One month later they reached Salt Lake City, the newly ap- pointed governor, Alfred Cumming, arriving next day. On the loth of The End of June a consultation was called with Brigham Young, Heber the r\or= C. Kimball and Daniel H. Wells. Arrangements were mon War. completed satisfactorily, and June 26th, 1858, the Army of Utah entered the Valley of the Great Salt Lake. But they entered a deserted city; not a Mormon was to be found; every house was vacant, and according to his threat every arrangement had been made by Brigham Young to burn every house in the city should the soldiers attempt to occupy them Orders were issued that this Gen. Daniel H. Wells. 32 should not be done, and the Mormons were inducedj to return and occupy their homes. In this manner did the Gentile and the United States government take charge of the fertile valley that the Mormons had carved for themselves out of the bleak and dreary wastes of the Great American Desert. And so ended the Mormon war. .^ .> 'i^e ^1 r^^^ CHAPTER V. ASSING over the succeeding years of trials, troubles, and tribulation; leaving unchronicled that which has been chronicled so many times before; the heartaches and worries of a new people in a new country, leaving unexplained that which will be explained by old Father ime; the myriad lies and calumnies against the Mormon people, leaving behind the years of oppres- sion and toil, and passing to the present, one finds Salt Lake the radiant gem of the continent, set be- tween pearls of Utah Lakes and mounted in the heart of the Rockies The fairest visions ever dreamed by her founders are being reaUzed. Retrospec=The unkindly soil, whose sympathy seems to have been tive and awakened by the tears of its oppressed owners, has Perspec= tive; also yielded up the richest of fruits, the fairest of flowers, the greenest of verd"re, and upon the atmosphere of the yclept Descrip= desert is born the carols of birds mingled with the sweet, tive. ° sad sighing of the zephyrs through the tall straight poplar trees, while the booming of the salt sea waves on the beach of the Great Salt Lake lends a grand sonorous bass. No longer is Salt Lake an over-grown country town, but a com- pactly built, metropolitan city of sixty-five thousand and seventy-six souls. In the summer sunlight its tall buildings do ever glisten and glimmer, and the golden cross of the Roman CathoHc church glitters in the perpetual sunshine, almost side by side with the Jewish syna- gogue and the Angel Moroni on the Temple tower. Its magnificent school buildings dot the city hither and thither, fit monuments to the 34 progress of American institutions and American men. No longer can she be taunted with the title, as she can no longer be considered "A Mormon Curiosity Shop." True it is that the Mormons are here yet as they will ever be here and as they have a right to be here, but the old scars have been cicatrized and Mormon and Gentile now dwell to- gether as man and man and as Christian and Christian should, so that in these latter days Z. C. M I. is as much patronized by Gentile as by Mormon. And by the way, Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Insti- tution deserves more than a passing notice. It is without a doubt the largest mercantile institution between the Rockies and the Pacific, and was organized in the winter of 1868, commenced business in March, 1869, and was incorporated December ist, 1870. Throughout its existence it has acted as the Zion's Co=opera- tive Mer= cantile lnstitu= tion. Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution. commercial balance of not only Salt Lake City, but of entire Utah. It was in 1868, that Brigham Young, the very backbone, the head and heels of Salt Lake's prosperity, conceived the idea of estab- lishing a mercantile institution of, by and for the people. Calling to- gether George A. Smith, Daniel H. Wells, John Taylor, Wilford Woodruff, Orson Hyde, Orson Pratt, Charles C. Rich, Erastus Snow. Lorenzo Snow, Franklin D. Richards, George Q. Cannon Brigham Young, Jr. and Albert Carrington, compiled and issued a circular which waa spread broadcast among the saints, calling upon them for their support and co-operation This was freely given, and so it was that Zion's Co operative Mercantile Institution was organized. Prior to this time Mormon and Gentile were alike subject to corners every few days, and Franklin D. Richards, the present historian of the Mor- mon Church, tells many interesting stories of the days when all the sugar in the Territory was cornered and a dollar a pound asked and paid for it. All the commodities of life were subject to a like maneuver- ing by the embryonic "Napoleons of Finance' 'of those days Thissoit of thing became so common that the necessity for doing away with it became well recognized among the far- seeing men, and the result was the organiza- tion of the now famous Z C M. I. Dry Goods Department. 36 Historical Facts and Figures With The first place of business occupied by the Institution was the Old Eagle Emporium building, at that time owned by and rented of William Jennings, a prominent member of the Board of Directors. With the lapse of time this building was found too small, and additions were made as demanded, but at length it expanded as much as it could, and it was determined to purchase a site large enough to permit its free and unrestricted growth. In 1876 this de- termination was carried into effect, and a lot 100 x 305 feet was purchased for the sum of $30,000. Upon this a brick Regard to building was erected, having a frontage of 100 feet and a Z, C. M. I- depth from East to West of 318 feet, three stories in height and basement. The walls of the building are of rock and brick, and the roof and front of iron. Without the land the build- ing cost a little over $200 000, and was occupied in March, 1876. Since then it has grown wonderfully. On the north of the main building an addition of 65x150 feet has been added, making the total frontage on Main Street 165 feet, and from having branch houses at Ogden and Lo- gan and a ware- house at Provo, it has expand- ed so that branch houses of Z. C. M. I. now dot the face of the map of Utah al most as frequent- ly as does its many small towns and cities. Be- Shoe Department. 37 fore the panic of 1S73 its annual sales amounted to over |;5,ooo, - 000, and in 18S3, ten years later, it had recovered all but $[,000,- 000 per year ot that. And now it may be interest- ^ ^ Clothing Department. ing to take a look at the man who has always been the bulwark of this monstrous institution. Thomas G. Webber is a gentleman — a Thomas Q. gentleman of the old school, thoroughly polite and Webber, a courteous to the beggar and the capitalist alike For a Gentleman gj-g^j ^lany years he has controlled the business of this institution, and has placed it among the School. foremost business houses of the world. An mde- fatigable worker, a thorough disciplinarian, familiar with every detail of the institution's business, he has won the respect and esteem of every man, woman and child who knows him. So well are his busi- ness instincts known, and so highly are they respected by the Board of Directors that his judgment is never questioned, and to Thomas G. Webber, more than to any one else, perhaps, belongs the honor of the fact that the credit of Z. C M. I. stands first-class to-day, and that its wholesale operations throughout Utah have been perfected. So thoroughly has he worked and so well, that to-day every one who knows him speaks of him as "The Prince of Managers." Many things have contributed toward this annihilation of the 38 old feelings of ani- mosity and hate. Principal of all these causes was the coming of the railroads. When the last spike nailed the last rail into the last tie of the Union Pacific Railroad, on that Grocery Department . memorable May morning in 1868, the sky grew just a little brighter, for the angels must have smiled in anticipation of the glorious dawn of the brighter and higher civilization and better understanding that was to come. Another grand teacher was the opening of the silver mines, which oc- cured in 1870 and 1871. When it became known that Utah's hills, the Wasatch and Oquirrhs, were full of the glistening white metal, the Gentiles poured over the range, swarmed into the valley, took posses- sion of Deseret, and again the angels must have smiled. Then came J^^Q the Rio Grande Western Railroad, and the first iron horse Coming that plodded its way through the Royal Gorge, through of the the canyon of the Gunnison, through the green fields of Rio Grande Utah, plodded its way over one of the grandest pieces of civil engineering the world has ever or will ever know. Over no other line on earth can one ride in a sumptuous Pullman car and view the magnificent mountain scenery that one can see in a single twenty-four hours' ride over the Rio Grande Western. In a single day's journey over "The Great Salt Lake Route" the tourist can see snow drifts of Tennessee Pass, men working in their Western Railroad. 39 f^ shirt sleeves in the orchards of Grand Junction and Utah farmers driving with their loads of early berries to a local market. In Au- gust of 1889 came the boom. What an institution this boom is; purely American! No one ever heard of the booming of Rome. Ancient history tells not of the booming of Babylon and Sennacherib, but this is probably because the American real estate dealer was unknown in those days. It is an easy matter to boom a place if one knows how and of that "know how" the American real estate agent has a supply beyond his needs. If he gets a chance he will boom Jerusalem some day as he boomed Salt Lake in the memorable summer of 1889. It was on account of this boom that some of the boldest Gentile An Elec= spirits conceived the idea of attempting to carry the City tion of Ye election of the spring of 1890. That campaign and that Days election shall ever stand out as the fiercest ever fought and Agone. ^^^ hardest ever won by political parties in America. Mor- mon against Liberal! Mormon fighting for what, by past experience, he considered home and fireside, and church and God ! Fighting as only desperate men can fight when there is everything to lose and every- thing to gain ! Fighting with heart and brain ! Fighting for wives and children ! Fighting for the fair empire fortified here by mountain walls! Liberal fighting for the property he had so lately >on! Fight- T. G. Webbkr, Supt Z. C. M. I. 40 ing for future supremacy! Fighting for the land which, for a half century, had been held in fee simple by the Latter-day Saints! Fight- ing for one of the fairest spots on the footstool! Fighting for the American home! Fighting against Church dictation in municipal affairs I It was a battle royal! A battle of giants! A battle where brain was measured by brain; where votes where counted by ones and twos and threes; where ma- jorities were estimated by tens and twenties and thirties. The Gentiles won. A majority of 700 votes decided the battle, and the Mormons were overpowered by weight of numbers They gave in peaceably and quietly; no frauds were claimed and no necessity was found for a modern Lexow. The two contending parties have now settled down with the everlasting glory and prosperity of Salt Lake as their objective point. They are laboring hard toward the end that Salt Lake may be the most beautiful city on the continent and the home of the Angel of Peace. The old question has been buried, and on the tombstone above its head is the inscription : ' Pax Vobiscum. Already, indeed, with her broad streets, her substantial buildings, her beautiful home- like residences, Salt Lake is acknowledged as the most beautiful city on the continent, and sometimes, when the shadows are growing longer, as I stand here and watch the God of Day en- fold himself in his royal garments of purple and crimson, and see George M. Scott, First Gentile Mayor cf Salt Lake City 41 The the light from his flaring night lamp, gild and redden the Crimson tall church spires and myriad rooftops of the city here, and Veil and as I see the purple shadows creep about the base of the the Purple Wasatch, whose peaks have donned their night-caps and Garments ^j^^^.^ dwells his comrade, Old Chinook, and then as I of the u- • 1 see him sink to rest upon tne bosom of his mistress the God of Great Salt Lake, leaving behind him only a golden lace-like cloud; only a golden bit of lace, poised between the sapphire of Heaven, and the dull hue of old Mother Earth, poised there in its radiant glory, as if to show the transcendant beauty of the curtains of the couch upon which he rests, I am struck dumb with the glory of it all and think: Ah, Salt Lake, thou art indeed beautiful With thy sad, An Apos= , . ^ , . • , , sad memories oi the misty past; with the many thoughts trophe that must ever cluster about thy most sacred spots; with to Salt ^ ^ L k C't ^^^ Stories that shall ever be told of the toil and the labor that was done for thee, Salt Lake, thy name must ever be hallowed in haunts where men do mostly dwell. Rear thy head proudly! Look about thee! Shade thine eyes and look over the range toward yon distant shimmering waves of the broad Atlantic! Gaze toward the ice-bound regions of the Arctic Pole! Turn thine eyes upon the heaving bosom of the Southern main; upon the cotton fields of Georgia; upon the tropic orange-groves of Florida, by whose sides the Indian River softly purrs, and where the Oklawaha sweetly sings! Gaze again over the snow crowned Sierras! Cast thine eyes upon the vineyards and orchards of the Land of Gold! Gaze upon the Ocean of Balboa, peacefully smiling in the tropic sunlight; and if thou, Salt Lake, seest in all this broad domain, a city greater than thee, thou must be of good heart, for the day is coming when thou shah unfurl thy banner from yon Wasatch ridge; when thy name shall be honored 42 among men; when thou, SaU Lake, the romantic, the picturesque, the beautiful, the sad, shalt have thy fame spread broadcast in the high- ways and byways of the dull old earth. The day is dawning, Salt Lake; in the East I see the first red streaks of the morning sunrise; the Sun of Prosperity is rising from the Sea of Oblivion; in his Rays of Plenty thou shalt bask as a child in the summer sunlight. Salt Lake for the Homeseeker. PROLOGUE. ^^URELY this is the Land of Peace! Surely this is the Fairy Land, (@^ where elfs and pygmies gambol on the soft, green sward under the trees! It is Ell Land, indeed; for one can hear their bugles calling through the balmy stillness of the spring-like days! It is the Land of Flowers and Sunshine! It is the Land of Angel Boats that scud across the soft, blue bosom of the Skyland Sea. It is the Land of Imagination where Fancy roams beyond the purple- clad Wasatch, over the blue- crowned Oquirrhs, through the Golden Gates whose pil- lars are set in the sapphire of Heaven by the dying beams of its peer- less sunset! It is Poetry Land; for on the Zephyrus breezes that come from their homes in the mountain canyons far away, there is breathed in the ear of him who listens the grand old measure of an Epic of God ! It is the Artist Land; for under the nimble brush of old Mother Nature, tall buildings are glorified, and around the tops of chimneys, that belch forth blackest smoke, there hovers a halo when the day is done! It is the Land where the Soul finds its freedom, where the Spirit breathes the freer, where the God-like seems to have found the longed-for Home beyond the clouds! Surely this is the Ideal Land, and he who seeks such need seek no farther than the city that lies in the shadow of Moroni. In the iridescent Hght of the waning sunset the Angel Moroni stands, on the tallest Temple spire, wrapped in his cloak of gold, an unceasing vigil over the tombs of the questions that have perished and 44 gone. With his trumpet pointed toward the sapphire of Heaven, he stands ever a fitting memorial over the grave of Hate. Maybe he thinks at times of the scenes that were enacted here in the dark and bitter long ago. No more will they come. That day and age are past. Wrapped in the solitude of his lofty position, Moroni reflects upon the folly of man. Maybe sometimes in his musing he sings; for somehow or other on the quiet stillness of a summer evening this carol was borne to me: Peace, Peace, Peace be still! Is the lauguage of Him of long ago. Peace, Peace, Peace be Ptill! Is the measure we sing so soft and low. CHAPTER 1. WAS talking with a little boy, whose home is in Laramie, not a great while ago, and I asked him : "Son, what do you think of Salt Lake City?" "It is a very pretty place," was the answer. "What do you think of it as com- ,, ,. pared with Laramie ? ^,^^-$ / ;■»--: ' It doesn t seem to me to be so far west, was the ' '''^' - --' iy.""- ' .;v ' answer he gave me with what I considered a startlingly ^ clear perception of the conditions that obtain. Carleton. is a bright boy. He has never been any farther east Residence of W. A. Nelden. Fred A. Hale, Architect. 46 ?!/• 1 iina^ -* -~'' _ Jim*-*:, 4 >ni ■>!l**»»^ ' : Salt Lake City has one of the finest police forces in the country. There are at present fifty patrolmen, and the annual expense of oper- ating the Department exceeds $51,000. The detective branch has Some done and is still doine most excellent work. It is due to Police De= ^.j^^jj. ability and faithful attention to duty that the record for 1894 shows that out of lost and stolen property, valued Facts. at nearly $38,000, only $1,500 is unaccounted for This is a phenomenal record. During four months' residence in Salt Lake City I have had alms solicited from me but three times This speaks well for the patrolmen. They have ever been alert, faithful and atten- tive to duty, ever vigilant and careful of their trust, and under the ad- Chief ministration of Chief of Police Arthur Pratt the Depart- of Police ment has been brought to a higher plane of effeciency than Artiiur ever before. The Department is now strictly a non-partisan Pratt. one, and all the officials and employees hold their positions during good behavior. Arthur Pratt was born in Salt Lake City in 1853, and was educated in the common schools and local educa- tional institutions. In 1874 he was appointed Deputy United States Marshal, in which capacity he served until 1890. He was then appointed Territorial Aud- itor by Governor A. L. Thomas, which position he resigned to accept his pre- sent one, upon the duties of which he entered Dec- ember 31st, 1894. Dur- ing his incumbency he has made an excellent record _ for himself, and it would Chief of Police, Arthur Pratt. seem from present indica- tions that Chief of Police Pratt will remain such during his lifetime. Chief Pratt has had an able coadjutor in the person of Captain Donovan. John J. Donovan was born April 13th, 1863. This number thirteen has played a peculiar part in Captain Donovan's life, for it was on April 13, 1890, that he was appointed a pa. trolman. November 13, of the same year he was promoted to a Sergeancy, and became Captain April 13, 1892, In all up to the date of his becoming captain he had been in Salt Lake City thirteen years. 82 The Fire Department is an ex- cellent one. It is composed of twenty- six men with all necessary apparatus. The fire alarm tele- graph system has been improved upon from time to time, so that now it is nearly perfect. A very valuable and mayhap unique ad- junct to this branch of the depart- ment is the direct connection ot the various stations with the cen tral office of the Rocky Mountain Bell Telephone Company This is so arranged that the operator at the telephone building can sound Captain of Police John J. Donovan. an alarm, release the horses, turn on the electric light, strike the Some Fire gong in the department houses, and communicate the Depart- exact locality of the fire simultaneously. "lent Within the city limits there are located nearly nine hundred fire hydrants with an average pressure of ninety- six pounds. During the summer the larger business blocks of the city are inspected with a view to obtaining "the location and name of building, inside and outside description and use, what fire protection, if any, on the outside, entrances and exits, contents, fire-escapes and stand-pipes; if accessible at rear for apparatus, how; location of nearest front and rear hydrants; does area way extend under sidewalks, if so is sidewalk safe for aerial trucks; is building connected with adjoining buildings; if fire ordinances are being violated " With such a thorough method of attending to the requirements of a well regulated fire department it cannot be considered extraordinary 83 that out of one hundred and twenty alarms received last year the total loss over insurance paid was only $6,360. Of this loss $3, 500 was on property located outside of the city limits. James Devine is Chief of the fire department Before coming to Utah he passed most of his life on a farm in New Jersey. Tiring of the agricultural routine he apprentjced himself to a carpenter, studying the science of building construc- tion in the meanwhile. For ten years prior to his taking charge of the department he, either as con- tractor or superintendent of build- ing construction, had a number of men under his control. The value of this experience has proven a valuable equipment in the hand- ling of fires, particularly where dangerous or faulty construction has been an element encountered. Coming to Salt Lake City about six years ago he entered the politi- cal arena and was among the first James Devink, Chief of Fire De- to organize the Republican Party in Utah Superintendent of fire alarm, Chas. T. Vail, is largely responsible for the efficiency of the fire alarm system. This position is one of the most responsible con- nected with the department, and the accuracy and promptness with which box alarms are received reflect great credit upon his ability as an electrician. He is an efficient officer, a careful and capable Captain W. G. Workman is also a valuable member of the fire Edward McCarthy, Lieutenant of Charlks T. Vail, Supt. Fire Alarm Chemical Engine. Telegraph. John Chalmers, Secy, and Operator. Capt. W. G. Workman. 85 department. By strict attention to duty, combined with his efficiency, he has worked himself up to the responsible position he now holds. John Chalmers is secretary and operator of the Department. Aside from being: a thorough gentlemen Mr. Chalmers is a capable and efficient officer. The position he holds is one of much responsi- bility, and it is only due to him to say that he fills it well. Edward McCarthy occupies the important position of Lieutenant of Chemical Engine — a position for which he is well qualified by reason of his long and practical experience as a builder. Whenever the flames are roaring and the midnight sky is reddened by the fierce con- flagration's blaze, Lieutenant M:C.--rthy will be found where the heat is greatest. He is a fire fighter tb^rough and through, and among his associates his nickname is "Intrepid McCarthy." ^f^^^ w^¥^ Salt Lake as a Health and Pleasure Resort. "WE BELIEV/E IT A DWTY TO LIV/c PAST SEV/ENTY." KER after health seeks pleasure, and the seeker of pleasure seeks health, therefore health and pleasure are surely synonymous. Pleasure, in whatsoever form, so long as it is pleasure, is conducive to health, and surely the most & pleasant of all pleasant things is health. It may be that these are the reasons why Salt Lake is such a pleasant place. It is the city of rosy cheeks, of briUiant eyes, and throughout the world is far-famed for its pleasant featured womanly women and its strong and healthy manly len. It is a grand old place, is Salt Lake, with its mountain sea breezes — mountain sea breezes is the correct term -for the mountain zephyrs that so refreshingly blow bear upon their wings granules of salt from the bosom 'of the Great Salt Lake. 'C^*. '. C-/\ 87 Never does old Boreas smite Salt Lake in his anger and fury, for the God of Day looking so peacefully down from his throne up there above the great blue vault makes every day a sunshiny one, and in all the year Salt Lake basks in the effulgence of his smile two hundred and eighty-seven days. Although the midsummer days may be warm, the nights are ever cool and refreshing, for Salt Lake City lies four thousand three feet above the level of the sea. Think of that, you poor, weak invalids! Think of nine Washington monuments, the highest permanent structure in the world, piled one upon another, and then think of living up there on the very top of the topmost one! Can you blame the children here for believing in fairies and gnomes and elfs? Can you blame them if their fancy pictures every white, fleecy cloud an angel boat sailing on the bosom of the great blue sea? Ah, there is no such life anywhere as life up here in the translucent ether among the opalescent clouds! And now added to all these advantages think of the bubbling springs of hot water, laden with curative elements, and you will under- stand that America possesses a Carlsbad and a Weisbaden of her own. In the very center of the city, only a block and a half from the far-famed Knutsford Hotel, is located tarium, the Sanitarium. No one ever thinks of calling it other than America's ^ . L J "The Sanitarium," for it is such a mammoth estabHsh- Carlsbad. ment — such a wonderful institution — that when it has once been seen it becomes fi-iced in the mind as standing alone and above everything else of the kind. Into the pools of this mam- moth resort flow daily five hundred thousand gallons of the water of one of the most wonderful hot springs in America, surpassing in medi- cinal properties any curative waters of the world. Speaking of its medicinal virtues the renowned Dr. Henry O. Marcy, of Boston, says : \ 88 "I like your institution very much. You will do much to aid your city, and greatly benefit suffering humanity. I have visited most of the celebrated springs of Europe and America; few equal and none surpass your own." It cost $150,000 to build and it is a most perfect establishment, for every dollar was expended most judiciously. In this institution there are contained a swimming pool (for men only,) fifty six by seventy- five feet, and from three to seven feet deep; a swimming pool fifty-six by sixty-five feet for both men and women; twelve private pools of ample proportions; twenty-six private bath-rooms It Cost with the best porcelain tubs, and a well appointed room for $150,000 ^^ to Build steam baths. Surrounding the large pools are two hun- Thls Insti-di'^d commodious dressing rooms, and adjacent to tution. the pools are billiard parlors, ladies' parlors and retiring apartments, reading and smoking rooms. The efficacy of these waters has been demonstrated in cases of rheumatism, neuralgia, diabetes, Bright' s disease, gravel, lead pois- oning, catarrh, dysentery, gout, indigestion, nervous prostration and incipient lung troubles. These waters can also be used internally, and are particularly beneficial in all diseases based on uric acid diathesis. The following is the analysis as submitted: Salt Lake City, Utah, August 31, 1893. The Salt Lake Hot Springs Sanitarium Co.: The water you submitted to me from Salt Lake Hot Springs Sanitarium for analyzing contains as follows: Gas, Carbonic Acid 1.03 vol. Solids in one gallon: Chloride of Sodium 245.357 grains " " Potassium i-75o " '■ '■ Calcium 11.340 " " " Magnesium 25.550 " Sulphate " Sodium 11.025 " " " Potassium trace " " Calcium 35.140 " " " Magnesium 17. 374 " 89 Carbonate of Sodium 8-77i grains. " " Potassium 0.700 " " Calcium 6.475 " " Iron 0.350 Silica 1.260 Alumina 0.140 Bromine traces Total 365.232 grains. It is a thermal spring, which must be classified among the best known in the United States on account of the medicinal pro- perties therein. Cures can be effected by drinking it and bath- ing in k. Respectfully Yours, H. Hirsching, Chemist. Certain it is that all these conditions have their own especial value, and certain it is that, as every detail of some complicated machinery makes the perfect whole, so it is that every detail of climate and sun- shine, of warm springs and atmosphere, go toward making Salt Lake the healthiest city in all this wide domain. The health re- What the Health ports of 1894, figured on a basis of seventy thousand in- Reports habitants, showed that the death rate was but eight per Show. cent, while the figured average of other cities on the same basis is fifteen per cent. The average summer temperature here is but seventy-two degrees, and an average winter temperature of thirty- two degrees, as shown by observation at the Signal Service Bureau ex- tending over twenty years. Yes, this is the healthy city; this must be the Mecca of health seekers; it must in time become the resort of the sick and wounded. It must become this for manifold reasons. For within an hour one can get away from the summer heat, and, in the canyons that lie all about the city, watch time as it flies. Fishing is abundant, and in the mountains all sorts of game may be found. The nimrod will find here his paradise, for with dog and gun and fishing rod he may pass whole weeks by himself, in fact, the pleasure seeker of all kinds, wheth- er nimrod or dilettante. Th^re are parks galore, and Fort Douglas 90 may be seen basking on the side of a mountain not three miles away. The street cars run to its very gates. All around the city are the old Mormon points of interest, the great Temple that cost four million dollars, and which is built something after the Temple of Solomon, for ox-carts brought the first stones from the quarries; the great Tab ernacle — a great turtle-shaped building — whose acoustic properties are so fine that the dropping of a pin at one end may be plainly heard at the other; the quaint old adobes, every one of which has a history of What the its own; the Gardo house, otherwise known as Amelia's Tourist Palace, which was built by Brigham Young for his favorite Can See. ^j^^ j^^^ occupied by Col. Isaac Trumbo; the Lion and Beehive houses, the old church offices and the one time residence of Brigham Young's wives; the little school house, which was built es- pecially for his sixty-three children, and Brigham Young's grave sit- uated on the brow of the hill just above the old school house; the old Tithing yard and offices where members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints pay ten per cent, of their income to sup- port their chosen church, and the many other old landmarks that every tourist may see. They all have their histories, and there is just a tinge of sadness in contemplating their oftimes faded glory. Salt Lake has three theatres and all of the best talent and attrac- tions on the roid stop here when on their way to the Coast. Located on the shores of Great Salt Lake is another sight which every tourist must see. The Pavilion at Saltair is the largest in the wi^rld, and cost over $298,000 to build. It was a gigantic Saltair undertaking; it is a gigantic affair. It is the resort of ' all Salt Lake people, and Nephi W. Clayton, its manager, a Qigantic , ,. ^ , , , , • , deserves the greatest credit lor the success he has achieved. Affair. It is a beautiful place, built there on the shores of Great Salt Lake, whose booming waves ever create the sweetest 92 music in their grand sonorous base. I shall every remember it. Although I may roam far from Salt Lake; though I may climb over the Eagle Pass to the land of the Moniezumas and bask in the sunshine of Old Mexico; though I may take my siesta under the veranda of some friendly hacieyida; T though I may stroll on the Boulevard des Italiens, under the flickering gas lights of Paris; though Hemories ^ iTi^y mingle with some gay throng on St. James' Square; of 5altair though I may speed over the icy plains of Russia, sail ice- Will Ever boats with the gay St. Petersburg's crowd, or bask in the Linger. s'mshine on the Neapolitan Bay, — the memory of Saltair will ever linger and remain to fancy dear. Never shall I forget the gay throngs I have seen under its vari-colored lights, never shall I forget the shadows that softly come and go; never shall I forget the breezes to which the sea-gulls whisper secrets; never shall I forget the sighing of the waves. Oh, how mournful is their song, sobbing always on the beach for their friends — the billows of the Pacific — from which they were separated centuries ago! All night long they are mournfully weeping; The Song ^'^ ^^J ^O"?^ they are faintly sobbing, and the music that tlie Waves they make is so mournful, sweet, and sad and low! Old Are Sol seems to sympathize, for every evening as he sinks to Always j-^gj- j^^ gives them one last sweet, one glorious smile. He ing ng. ^^y gjj^jjg upon other places, for Old Sol is a fickle god; but of all his sweethearts Salt Lake is most favored, and tlie angels paint such pictures for sobbing sea-waves to view. Ah, how nimbly do they paint when the shadows of the Wasatch and Oquirrhs are growing longer! They have beautiful paints, have the angels, and nimble fingers, and a marvelous brush. The sapphire is deeper here than it is other where; the golden, fleece-like clouds are more golden; the crimson is a brighter crimson, and the purple a deeper tint; the blue is a deeper blue, and the fleece-like clouds more fleecy and 93 gauzy. Think you that I shall forget the last sweet, sad sunset; think you that the pleasure halls of any foreign land can ever take away the memory of the golden and the purple, — of the opalescent sky? Did I not see the angels paint with their nimble fingers a picture for the gods, and did I not see them depart on their fleece-like cloud boat, and sail ofi" and away on the purple waves of the sea that were washing the crowns of the Wasatch? T'was evening — The sun in his glory Had sunk to his rest for the night. On the ruffled waves of our Inland Sea There quivered a path of light. Not dreaming, but gazing intently, I saw an angel throng Troop down the golden pathway With laughter and jest and song. They had finished their work for the evening, The canvas was painted and done. So they sail'd away on the Sapphire Sea, Away to the Land of the Sun. A Sunset on Great Salt Lake. All over the West the picture Of gorgeous hue and tone Hung down in its crimson glory For the angels' work was done. But the sad sea waves were sighing As the purple shadows crept Closer and closer about us; 'Twas night, and the fairies slept. But the waves were wailing softly As I left them there that night, To the moon that gazed so sadly Down her hall of silver light. Salt Lake Commercially. ND now as in life the ideal and romantic must give way to the real and practical. Commercially, Salt Lake must be considered, not by her peerless moonlight evenings, her glorious sunsets or Italian sky; but by that cold, hard calculating medium of dollars and cents. The romancer and idealist must give way to the statistician. She will lose nothing by the transition, however, for her glory in dollars and cents is as great as any one of her other Intro- glories of which she is so proud, and for which she is so far ductory. famed. Her tall office buildings, stable banks, grocery and dry-goods establishments, and her complete cycle of those industries that always have and shall ever lend to her name fame and glory in the commercial world, are found under her tall poplar trees, galore. Salt Lake is now and shall ever be the Queen City of the Mountains. She is approaching the zenith of her prosperity, and when her star 95 shall have arisen to the ascendency, it will remain there for a while at least. "Westward the star of the empire wends its way," and it will be but a short time before Salt Lake will bask in the glorious efful- gence of that particular star. It is coming; it is almost here. Speed the day. * * * Salt Lake is fortunate in possessing a real, live Chamber of Com- merce. It was organized April, 1887. Its object is the promotion and development of Salt Lake City. It has labored hard towards that, and from the little handful of Gentile organizers it has grown to be a mighty institution of nearly two thousand members. In times past it has been presided over by W. S. McCor- nick,H. W. Lawrence and Caleb West, now Gover- nor of the Territory. It has persistently presented to seekers after western knowledge by way of ob ject lessons, pictures and printed matter, Utah's wonderful resources, and Salt Lake's marvelous de velopment. It organized Utah's exhibit at the Mid winter Fair, and did much to make a success of Utah's exhibit at the Col- umbian Exposition. Not many years ago the entire land was discussing Utah's Chamber of Commerce. 96 Palace Exposition Car. The Chamber of Commerce inaugurated this innovation, which has been copied more or less and frequently since. This car with a staff of able talkers, and volumes of printed matter, did The much to attract attention to this Kingdom of the Gods, and Salt Lake this City of the Saints. Chamber of 'Yhe Chamber is presided over at present by James H. Commerce. g^t^Q^ ^^^ jg ^Iso President of the Bank of Salt Lake. Mr. Bacon was born August 12, 1856, in McDonough County, Illinois. In 1873 he entered college, and later took the course and graduated from the Eastman Business College atiPoughkeepsie, New York. Upon his graduation he commenced the study of law. and while yet a student was elected City Attorney of Macomb, Illinois. He was admitted to the IlUnois bar in 1879, and continued in suc- cessful practice until 1887 Fail- ing health compelled him to re- linquish his profession, and while in search of a more congenial climate he visited Salt Lake in January of 1888. Charmed with the magnificent climate and wondrous resources of this city and section, he decided to locate here, and in February of that same year formally established the Bank of Salt Lake. In 1893 he organ ized the Salt Lake Hot Springs Sanitarium Company, of which he James H. Bacon. is the principal owner. February, 1895, he was elected President of the Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Bacon is a successful business man, 97 and during the time he has been here, has loaned for private individ- uals and corporations over two million dollars, and has brought into Utah for investments and loans over five million more. Judge Edward F. Colborn, the Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, was born in the state of Ohio, and is a graduate of the University of Michigan. He has been admitted to the bar in the states of Michigan, Kansas, Colorado and Utah. He was the Public Prosecutor of Dodge City, Kansas, for four years, when that town wore the crown and belt for wickedness and crime. He prac- ticed law for seven years in the silver camps of Colorado, and at the age of twenty-seven was elected to the bench in that state So Edward F. Colburn. satisfactorily did he fill the position that he was re elected; but owing to poor health resigned and removed to Salt Lake City, where he now resides His information about Utah extends over the entire range of her marvelous resources. His pen has been active, and most of the interest in this great domain and its wonderful capital city is due to its work. Judge Colburn is a gentleman in every sense of the word — a man of great ability, wonderful resources, keen perception and im- partial judgment. He is certainly the man for the place he fills so well. * "*" * William S. McCornick, founder of the banking house of McCor- nick & Company, was born in the Province of Ontario, where he lived 98 on a farm until he became of age. Leaving home he went direct to California, stopping there two years, and living a rancher's Hfe. He then removed to the state of Nevada where he resided in vari ous places, the most prominent of which were Virginia City, Austin, Hamilton and Belmont. While in Nevada he was engaged in mining and lumbering, principally the latter, until 1873. when he remov- ed to Utah, and settled in Salt Lake City. He immediately en- gaged in the banking business, and this business founded so long ago has steadily grown in favor, and today no institution in the Rocky Mountain region enjoys better credit. The magnificent building in which it is located is one of the finest in the West. Speaking of Mr. McCornick the Colorado Graphic in 1889 published the following: "Mr. McCornick's industry and methodical business habits did not go unre- warded, as all of his business life has been prosperous in the extreme. He is now in the prime of life, not yet fifty years of age, well preserved and of vigorous con- stitution. Years ago he wed an amiable and accomplished lady, and has a large family to which he is devoted. Realizing the value to them, greater than worldly possessions, of thorough educational advantages, as they grow up, he sends them to the best institutions at home and abroad. His new residence is said to be the most costly dwelling ever erected in Utah. Mr. McCornick is a liberal and public-spirited citizen, and his influence for good is seen on every hand in the flourishing city in which he lives." W. S. McCornick. Mr. McCornick is now serving his second term in the City 99 — ^rrPj^iy^ The McCornick Building. * 4 Council, of which he is President. He also presided over the Chamber of Commerce the first two years o its existence. Throughout his lifetime he has been a noble and generous man. It is such men as form the very bone and sinew of the nation, and of that class Mr. McCor- nick is an excel- lent exponent. In the beehive of the world's industry Arthur L. Thomas has not played the part of the drone. On the stage of life he has not been a supernumerary. His has been a busy life, and the record he has made is clean. He was born in Chicago August 22, 1851; but while he was still young his parents migrated to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he attended a common school, and lived until 1869, during which year he was appointed a clerk in the National House of Representa- tives, which position he held until April, 1879. He was then appointed Secretary of Utah, which position he held for eight years. In 1880 he was appoined Supervisor of Census for Utah. Three years later he was appointed Governor of Utah, which office he held for four years lOO He was also act- ing Governor of the Territory during the years of 1879, 1880, 1882 and at other times In the summer of 1891 he issued a call for the first great Irrigation Con- gress, held in Salt Lake City in September of that year. That Con- gress was a not- able success, and its conclusions have largely aid- ed in shaping Arthur L. Thomas. public opinion. With regard to this all-important subject, he subse- quently issued the call for the International Irrigation Congress which was held at Los Angeles, California, and which was attended by representatives of many foreign countries. During his administra- tion the great question of Mormonism or non-Mormonism was vir- tually settled, and the two elements have practically divided, political- ly, as do the people of other sections. As Governor he recommended to President Harrison that amnesty be granted to such of the Mor- mons as were at that time liable to punishment under congressional laws prohibiting polygamy. This recommendation was accepted. A L. Thomas is a brig-ht star in the galaxy of great men of Utah, a man who has always done his duty without fear or favor, and who oc- cupies an enviable place in the hearts of his fellow citizens. Atypical westerner is R C Chambers — a product of opportun- ities and west- ern ideas. He for many years faced and over- came one by one the many hardships of a miner's life, both in Califor- ^!Si«.. fij. .yni (!-rr ma an^^'Ufih. His conception of prospiecting is no theoreti- cal one; but is gained rather from his own exper ie n c es, from the things he has seen, from the things , he has done. R. C. Chambers. To air lanes there is a turning, and the discovery of the famous Ontario mine in Park City was the turning point in the lane ol Mr. Chambers' life. So soon as this discovery was made known, Mr. Chambers visited the I02 spot, took the necessary observations, immediately interested the late Senator Hearst of California, and other prominent capitalists, purchased the claim, and commenced operations. Every one now knows that it was only by persistent hard work, careful management and personal super- vision that Mr. Chambers made the Ontario mine the greatest silver producer in the world. Today he is one of the wealthiest men in Utah; but in no wise has he changed with regard to character from the humble prospector, who with pick and hammer climbed over the his- toric spots of twenty-five or thirty years ago. He has today the same trank, open countenance, the same true, loyal heart, the same kind and generous spirit, the same approachable manner that was charac- teristic of him in the days now gone Mr. Chambers is also President of the Daly Mining Company, which owns the Daly mine, another great silver producer. He is president of the Salt Lake Herald Pub- lishing Company, and is prominently identified with many of the largest corporations that have done so much to spread Utah's fame from ocean to ocean, and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf. He is a man of broad and liberal ideas, and great administrative ability, and whatever the project, so long as it has for its object the promotion of Salt Lake and Utah's fame, Mr. Chambers will ever be found giving it his moral and financial support. He is a grand man, and one of those who have done more than aught else to bring to Utah her pre- sent fame and glory. * * Richard Mackintosh, the miner, and Richard Mackintosh, the mine operator, are one and the same person. Years ago he plodded over the mountains of California and Nevada in search of fortune. During his ramblings he came to Salt Lake City in 1871. His first business was mining, and he is fully and thoroughly acquainted with every branch of it Little by little he worked himself up, little by I03 little he gathered around himself the many things that go to make life worth living, and he has established for himself a reputation, so that today in his chosen city and indeed throughout Utah and the west there is not a man more highly thought of than genial Richard Mackintosh To the many friends in the old days he was 'Dick, the min- er," and to his many friends to- day he is still "Dick." Mr. Mackintosh is President of the AltaClub; a large stockholder in the Ontario and Daly mines, and pro- prietor of the Park City and Sandy Sampling Mills. He was a member of the late Constitu- tional Conv e n- Richard Mackintosh. tion, and his work in that body has spoken for itself. He is a man of indomitable will, strong characteristics and an impressive personality, thoroughly approachable, always genial, always generous and ever kind. Many is the weary load that Mr. Mackintosh has helped from shoulders too weak to bear it, in his own generous and kindly way. I04 Col. Isaac Trumbo has in a comparatively little while achieved a marvelous, a wonderful success. Only conditions that obtain in America, and only American opportunities, have made this possible; but with that keen foresight and clever perception, which has e v er been his disting- uishing character, Col Trumbo has taken advantage of these opportun- ities, so that he stands to-day a typical product of our American in- s t i t u tions. H e came from an old and respected southern fa m ily, and one whose name is known CoL.IsAAc Trumbo. throughout the ength and breadth of that fair Southern State — Kentucky. Col. John Reese, his grandfather, was one of the old time ex- plorers, after whom Reese River in Nevada is named John K. Trum- bo, his father, was a forty-niner who left his fair home in Kentucky to brave the perils of the search for gold in those exciting times nearly a half century ago. Col. Trumbo himself was born September 9th, 1858, at Genoa, near the Nevada state line. When he was but four lO: years of age, his parents removed to Corinne, Utah, where he received a rudimentary education. To go over the whole of Col. Trumbo's life would fill a volume much thicker than the one we have before us. Sufifice it to say that he rose from the very bottom of the ladder of wealth and fortune, and is today largely interested in the American Biscuit Company; in various California gas and electric light and street car companies; in the Salt Lake City & Los Angeles Railway, in addition to many other private corporations. It was he who broke the great combine on wheat some years ago in California — a crash that came near ruining Rosenfield, Dresbach and others, as well as the Bank of Nevada. October 14, 1886, Col. Trumbo married Miss Emma White of Salt Lake City — an accomplished woman of fine genius and versatile talent. Hon. Charles Crane was born in Oxford, England, Dec. 25, 1843, going with his parents to Gait, Canada in 1853, where he went to school until the spring of i860, when he went to Texas, remaining thereuntil March, 1861 ; at which time, owing to a little misunder- standing caused by his detestation of slavery, he came North, arriving at Lafayette, Ind., in April of that year. Two days after President Lincoln issued his call for troops Mr. Crane was enrolled in Co. D. , loth Ind. Volunteers, Col. Manson commanding Throughout the long years of that terrific struggle Mr. Crane fought with the best of them and on many battlefields distinguished himself by his bravery. Returning to Texas immediately after the war Mr. Crane was em- ployed by the government to build Forts Davis and Stockton, after which he spent seven months traveling over the Western states, arriving i^^ Salt Lake City in the spring of 1890. Two years later he removed to Millard Couaty, taking up land and commencing a home. Returning io6 to Nevada for a few months in the spring of 1873, he again returned to Utah and assisted in the erection of the Shoebridge mill in Tintic, Utah, concentrating works in Bingham and the McHenry mill in Park City. In June, 1874, Mr. Crane applied for and received the first United States patent issued to a citizen of Utah, a "Slime and Sulphur Concentrator." In November, 1874, Mr. Crane was called to Panamint, California, where he was engaged to erect a mill for Senators Jones and Stewart and the Bank of California. In October, 1876, Mr. Crane started to erect the On- tario mill in Park City, continuing as foreman of the mill for two years, until October, 1878, when he re- turned to Millard County, where he had secured large landed interests and several thou sand sheep. Mr. Crane has been the largest owner of sheep in Utah, and has devoted ^ ,, many years to the Charles Crank. -' -^ development of that industry, securing a national reputation as a breeder and writer on all questions affecting the wool -grower's inter- loy ests in the West. Mr. Crane became identified with the Liberal party upon its organization, taking always an active part in its successes until 1891, when he with a few believing that the object for which that party had organized had been reaHzed, withdrew and Mr. Crane became as actively engaged in making converts for the Republican party, as he had for the Liberal. In 1892, Mr. Crane organized a Republican club in every precinct in that county, and was elected County Chair- man at the Republican Convention held in Salt Lake City, in Sep- tember, 1892. Mr. Crane was one of the leaders in the fight for Frank J. Cannon, and to him as much as to any one, was due the nomination of that gentleman as delegate to Congress. Mr Crane was elected, unanimously, the Chairman of the Territorial Committee, continuing as such during the Legislative campaign of 1893, which for the first time succeeded in wresting the Territory from the Democratic party. At the Republican Convention of 1894, Mr. Crane was again unanimously elected Chairman, continuing as such until July, 1895, when he resigned on account of his candidacy for Governor. * * * Judge J. R. Middlemiss is a brilliant and extraordinary man, a man of whom any city might well be proud and who honors Salt Lake City by his preference. Cultured, eloquent, witty and of a genial dis- position coupled with a high sense of honor, he is a typical American gentleman. During his entire residence in Utah he has been engaged in public and private enterprises having for their object the advancement of this fair land and the progress of Salt Lake City. In these efforts he has met with more than ordinary success He is at present engaged in actively promoting the Salt Lake Ir- rigation Land and Power Company and in this undertaking is associ- ated (vith so. Tie of the brightest and best men of Salt Lake City, such io8 men as the Hon. James Glendin- ning, W. P. Noble, Judge S. W. Darke, R W. Sloan, J. T. Donnellan, W. C. Hall, Major J. B. Dailey, A Hanauer Jr.,Ma jor Edmund Wilkes, D. C Dun bar, and other gentlemen ot equal promin- ence, integrity and ability; who know no such word as fail. The Com- JUDGKJ.R MtDDLEMISS. pany has a paid up capital of ten millions of dollars, and will reclaim over 500,000 acres of land, where the happy homes ot a contented people will take the place of desert and sage-brush, adding largely to the population of Utah and greatly increasing the volume of business of Salt Lake City. Every lover of Utah's approaching progress will extend their best wishes for the future of a Salt Laker, so worthy of continued success. * * * In the vernacular of this western country W. E. Hubbard is termed a "rustler." Mr. Hubbard came to Salt Lake City in 1889 and from that time until the present has ever ranked as foremost among lOQ real estate men and has been identified with the best interests of Salt Lake City. The manner in which Edgewood, Norwood Place and the Water- loo suburban subdivisions were developed by him only two years after his coming to "Zion," shows him to be possessed of all that persever- ance and quickness of action that goes to the making of a successful business man. So well did he become known through these enterprises that in 1893 when the members of the Chamber of Com- merce were casting about for a president to lead them through the fag end of the then dying boom, Mr. Hubbard was selected for the place and the work he did during his term is yet spoken of and indeed stands for itself. The literature on Utah and her resources, 25,000 copies of W. E. Hubbard. Q^e edition of which were issued, remains standard to-day. It was through his untiring work that the several County Courts were induced to make appropriations for the purpose of defraying the expenses of this the largest work of the kind ever issued under the auspices of the Chamber, and the collecting of exhibits for the Mid-winter Fair, which did so much towards advertis- ing Utah at that unique affair in 1894, was also done by him. In 1894 ^^ ^^^ appointed Immigration Agent of the Rio Grande Western Railwav through the solicitation of J H. Bennett, and Utah owes much to his various colonization schemes which were worked to I no an issue. So well, indeed, did he do his work that when Mr. Bennett retired from the service of the Rio Grande Western in the latter part of the same year, Mr. Hubbard was given charge of the Immig^ration Department of the Union Pacific System, which position he now holds. * Commercial Salt Lake is fortu- nate in possessing- such a galaxy of generous, capable, live and efficient rail ro ad men Frank Wadleigh, General Passenger Agent of the Rio Grande Western, is a prince among men. Of broad mental capacity and vast ability in his chosen calling, Mr. Wadleigh is a representative man for the place he fills so well. Frank A. Wadleigh. G. S. Holmes is one of Salt Lake's most energetic and enter- prising citizens. He is a native of the State of Ohio and came to Salt Lake seven years ago. Since his coming he has identified himself with the best interests of his chosen city. He is proprietor of the PROMINENT GENERAL AGENTS. C.A.Walker, W. F. McMillan, Chicago & Northwestern. D. E. Burley, Burlington. Alexander Mitchell, Union Pacific. B. F. Nevins, r. M. &. St. Paul. Denver & Rio Grande. G. S. Holmes. Knutsford Hotel, the finest hostelry between Denver and San Fran- cisco, largely interested in many mining enterprises, a director ofthe Bank of the Republic, and owns some country property. He is a genial, clever and capable man; a courteous, cultured and polished gentleman. * * * C. W. Bennett is a fine illustration of what perseverance, pluck and energy may accomplish. He is a fine gentleman ofthe old school, a man of many parts, versatile genius and indomitable courage. He is a credit to Salt Lake; he is a credit to Utah; he is a credit to the "3 conditions which made it possible for him to succeed, and what is more, he is a credit to himself. It is a most peculiar fact, and one that seems to be more than a mere coincidence, that the men of this country who have made the greatest success of the science of life were farmers' boys who learned to plow a straight furrow and toddled down the country road to the Httle red "deestrict schoolhouse." Judge Bennett was one of these. He was born in the town of Duanesburg, Schnectady County, N. Y., 1833. His father was a prosperous farmer, and the judge worked on the "old place" in the summer and put in his spare days during the winter at- tending the dis- trict school At the age of twenty he took an aca- demical course, and graduating in two years took up the study of law at Cooper- town, N. Y. He read there nearly a year and then matriculated at the Albany Law School, from where he gradu- ated and was ad- mitted to the bar at Albany, March C. W. Bennett. 18, 1857 From it4 there he migrated to Wisconsin, and in September of that year settled and commenced practice in Racine County, where he remained until 1869. In that year he removed to Chicago, Illinois, and practiced there until 1871, in the latter part of which year he removed to Salt Lake City. He soon succeeded in building up a large practice here and throughout this Territory, and in the surrounding states and terri- tories he is known as standing high in his profession and as an honor- able man. * * * Ernest G. Rognon has done several things and has done them all well. He was born in Indiana, and in early life plowed a row as straight as the next one. Like most farmers' sons, however, he grew tired of the agricultural rou- tine and when still quite a youth migrated to Louisville, Kentucky, where for some years he was a re- gular "staff man" on the Courier- Journal. He was also successively connected with the Post of the same city and afterwards occupied the editorial chair of the Gazette at Jeffersonville, Indiana. He is a graduate of DePauv^r University of that state, carrying ofi the honors of his class and a Ph. B He also graduated from the law school of the same University. He came to Utah in 1889, and became immediately interested in the publication of several newspapers, and is at present President of the Utah Press Association. Ernest G. Rognon. 115 All of this, however, has in no wise affected Mr. Rognon's ability as a practicing attorney, and he is at present regarded as an authority on mining and irrigation law. And several of the most successful mining companies of the Territory acknowledge him as their promoter. The Pan-American Mining and Milling Co in Mexico, the North Fork Placer Mining Co. in California and the Free Gold Mining Co. in Nevada are also creatures of his fertile brain. At present he is Sec- retary and Treasurer of the Mt. Nebo Irrigation Company, the pro- motion of which involved the most intricate and delicate questions of irrigation law. The works in Utah County, Utah, are now in process of construction, all difficulties having been surmounted. A practice in Utah of only six years has placed Dr. Hector Gris- wold in the very front rank among the dental practitioners in this city and his success, while consid- ered remarkable, is simply the legitimate and natural result of study, care and the faculty of adapting himself to the improve- ments which come so rapidly in the noble science in which, even his competitors acknowledge that he is a master. His offices are the largest and best appointed in the West, his clientage consists of the very best people in the up- per walks of life, and no profes- sional man in Utah has a larger acquaintance or a better reputa- Dr. Hector Griswold. tion in his profession than has Dr. ii6 Griswold. Honorable dealing, a swift hand, a trained brain in materia medica as well as in dental surgery, and an ambition to be always in the van are the factors with which he has achieved his success, and to- day in his profession he stands without a peer. For almost a score of years he has been a student of dentistry and his work shows for itself how thorough and conscientious his training has been. Everybody hereabouts knows L. F. Harr, the oldest tobacconist in Salt Lake City. He is another of the many attracted co Salt Lake by the famous boom of the spring of 1889. He was born in West Virginia, but in search of a better location came to Salt Lake and opened a cigar store. He has been doing nothing else since; indeed he has found it unnecessary to do anything else, for with his thorough business methods and knowledge of people and things, he has succeeded in building up the finest trade in the City, so L- F. Harr. that now, when a man desires a smoke by his own fireside, he knows where to get it if he lives in Salt Lake. Mr. Harr is also a stockholder in the Grand Opera House, and in every way since his coming here has indentified himself with the best interests of the city. So well known has this disposition of his become, that even during the panic, when everybody else was crying "hard times," Mr. Harr's business steadily increased. 117 Frank E. McGurrin now stands at the head of the mort- g^age loan business in Salt Lake City. His business consists in loaning money on improved busi- ness and residence property, and selling these mortgages to out- side investors, his profit consisting in a commission paid by the bor- rower. Mr. McGurrin attends to all of the details himself, and the correctness of his business me- thods and the favor with which Salt Lake City is regarded as a place of investment by outside Frank E. McGurrin. capitaHsts, is shown by the enor- mous business which Mr. McGurrin has built up in this line. His long residence here has made him familiar with real estate values, and he is regarded as the best posted man in town in this respect As a financier he is very conservative. He believes in a single gold stand- ard, and all of his mortgages are payable in U. S. gold coin. He con- fines his attention entirely to loaning money, and does not engage in speculative enterprises. He does not believe in booms, but takes a great interest in whatever tends to a permanent and stable growth of the city, such as the development of electric power from the mountain streams, and natural gas, to furnish motive power for manufactories. The results already achieved in this line shows the correctness of his judgment. He is a man to be trusted with any investment, and as such is widely recognized not only in the West but in the East as well. ii8 Prominent among the leading young lawyers of this city is James A.Williams. He is a Ken- tuckian by birth and comes of an old colonial family that emigrated to that fair Southern State in the latter part of the last century. Mr. Williams is a splendid rep resentative of that class of men who have overcome obstacles in securing an education. He gradu- ated from Center College, Ken- tucky, leaving that institution with the degree of A B. in 1885. He also attended the University of Virginia, and at both of those institutions was an enthusiastic member of the Kappa Alpha society, holding the office of the Grand Purser of the order for four years, dur- ing which period he was instrumental in spreading the order through- out the entire South. Mr. Williams graduated from the University of Virginia in 1888, and the following year he removed to Denver, and the year following located at Salt Lake. As a lawyer the best evidence of his ability can be explained by the fact that his work as a compiler of the Reports of the Supreme Court of this Territory has called forth the highest commendation from the leading men of his profession. He is devoted to the interests of his clients ever mindful of the courtesies and ethics of his profession. When he thinks he is right he contests every case through the courts of last resort. Mr. Williams is not only prominent as a lawyer, but stands high in the councils of the Democratic party. James A. Williams. 119 James A. Armstrong. seed and grocery houses in the city. When Mr. Armstrong died, the young men instead of having a receiver appointed and winding up the affairs of the concern, jumped into the breech when the effects of the panic were still being sorely felt, and through their per- severance, energy and great man- agerial ability have succeeded in maintaining the large business es- tablishment by their father. They are native sons of Utah, and we hope to see them continue as they have commenced. A generation ago Horace Greeley gave birth to the immortal words: "Go West, young man," and those who followed his advice have been made glad. As an ex- ample of the many avenues which are opened to the young man, the Armstrong Brothers are shin- ing lights. These young men succeeded their father upon his death, which occurred two years ago. Up to that time the estab- lishment of T. C. Armstrong, Jr., was recognized as one of the oldest, largest and most reliable Joseph C. Armstrong. I20 Of all the "clothes-makers" in Salt Lake City, John Hagman & Son are the best. Mr. Hagman was born in Sweden in 1841. In 1869 he emigrated to America and came directly to Salt Lake City over one of the very first trains that ever rolled over the then newly- laid rails of the Union Pacific System. The road then ran only to Ogden, and Mr. Hag- man not being blest with a sup- erfluity of worldly goods at the time, walked the distance to Salt Lake City. John Hagman. Those were Stormy days, and Mr. Hagman found a pretty hard row to hoe when he reached the city by the sea. Tailoring was almost as effete as barber-shops, and there was really no call for a barber-shop, since the wives and fathers could dock hair for all practical purposes. Mr. Hagman stuck to it however, and, as he expresses it, "had pretty good luck," and slowly but surely built up a little trade for himself He has been keeping at it ever since, and has succeeded in building up not only a fine trade in the city, but by keeping one and two men traveling for him, has succeeded in reaching out his arms into the trade districts and more populous sec- tions of Idaho, Wyoming, Montana and Oregon. In doing this his son, John O. Hagman, has been a very great help and the business capacity of the father seems to have been intensified in the son. John Hagman & Son are courteous to their patrons, and conscientious with regard to their work. 121 The subject of this sketch, J. M. Christensen, was born in Denmark in 1846, and came to this country in 1869. Immediately after his ar- rival he assisted in the final struggle of war against the Blackhawk In- dians, and subsequently engaged in mining, agriculture and mercan- tile pursuits and also invested ex- tensively in the sheep business. Success crowned his indefatigable labors and unerring judgment, and he was enabled to secure for himself and family a comfortable home and farm at Moroni, Utah. In 1890, Mr. Christensen brought his family to Salt Lake City, that he might give them better educational advantages, and commenced his present business, making a specialty of securing the freshest of Utah eggs and choicest but ter and poultry obtainable for this market. The honor and integrity which had marked his course heretofore has been ever maintained, and the result is that today the firm of J. M. Christensen & Co , of which he is principal owner and general manager, enjoys the enviable reputation of being the largest and most reliable house, in its exclu- sive line, in Utah. * * * Salt Lake City has, without a doubt, the finest resort between Chicago and San Francisco. The New Resort, L. W. Dittmann, pro- prietor, has only been opened a short time, but in that time its popu- larity has been proven beyond a doubt. It is located on Main Street below Second South. The refreshment hall is a hundred feet in length J. M. Christknskn. 122 and twenty-seven feet in width, the bar alone being a polished expanse of mahogany forty- two feet long. The other space is devoted to re- freshment tables, after the style of London Music Halls, cigar counters and a magnificiently appointed private office. The wood- work of the whole defies description, while at night the soft light diffiised by va- Intbrior of the New Resort. ried colored electric globes, the laughter and talk of old cronies met there to chat, the mellow color of the billiard room and the clash- ing of balls flying over the smooth green surfaces, presents a picture never to be forgotten. It is an ideal place to meet and talk while sip- ping the brew of Lemp, the only kind of beer served at the New Resort. * * * The Vienna Cafe is one of the most unique business institutions west of Chicago. It is certainly one of the finest cafes in the west, and their catch-line: "We cater to men's trade only," tells the 123 whole story in but very few words. The place is owned by Manca Brothers, who came to Salt Lake in 1892. Although of Italian des- cent they were born in St. Louis, Missouri. They opened their pre- Interior of the Vienna Cafe. sent establishment in March, and are doing exceedingly well. They are both young men, and in the short time they have been in this city have achieved a marvelous success. Somehow one feels the better for knowing or having known the genial and jovial M. R. Evans. No one would ever think that Mr. Evans is a pioneer, but such he is and some of the districts now best known and thickly settled were first seen in all their primitive magni- ficence and glory by Mr. Evans. He came to Salt Lake City in 1871 and, as he expressed it, "dropped his pile" prospecting for gold. In 1873, he with Capt. Dodds pioneered the Ashley Fork country, broke 124 the first ground, put in the first stock and erected the first house on what was then almost the borderland of civilization. The Green River country was also opened by him and his stock used the range at large where Ft. Duchesne now stands. He was there when the Fort was established, but with the breaking up of his "rang- ing ground" came back to Salt Lake City in 1882. He is largely interested in mines at pre- sent but has found time to build up the largest bicycle jobbing and re- ^"^ tailing trade west of the Mississippi M. R. Evans' Bicyclk School. River. Mr. Evans tells some interesting tales of the days when grizzly bears used to drink from the public watering troughs on Main Street. He has succeeded in making himself well and favorably known through- out this modern city of Deseret. * * The Utah Implement Company is one of the largest concerns of its kind west of the Rocky Mountains Its establishment on State Street is not only a credit to the city, but the business it does is a correct index to the thrift and energy of Utah farmers. In their show- rooms one can see a most complete line of agricultural machinery, 125 wagons, buggies and farm implements. Among these there may be discerned some of the wares of the most famous makers of the world; Mitchell wagons, the famous Henney buggies, the renowned Whitely mowers; the famous Royal and Utah hay-rakes; Imperial plows and harrows; Milwaukee binders; Flying-Dutchman sulky; Utah sulky plows; Moline steel-plows; harness, whips, robes, hay-tools, and every possible or conceivable utensil necessary to the best work of the mod- ern scientific farmer. mmmm:^:m^mmm ;• i , ^,!.„tV^-trr- i^ fH^ i i JPjBPyjgsiB'] -.-Mm The Utah Implement Company. The officers of the Company are all well-known throughout Utah, for their business probity and private integrity; and no stronger triplet of leaders could possibly be elected to serve the interests of any con- cern. They are: President, Samuel Peterson; Vice-President, Walter C. Lyman; Secretary and Treasurer, M. B, Whitney. The Company is now doing a large and successful business, and has every reason to congratulate itself on the result of its well directed efforts which have brought about such a pleasing and gratifying showing. Most of this is due indeed to the careful and business like policy of the already named officers. Samuel Peterson, Jr., has been in the implement business in Salt Lake City for fifteen years and is fully acquainted with the needs of its patrons. M. B. Whitney was engaged 126 in a like business in Colorado, Utah and Montana for sixteen years, and his acquaintance extends throughout the Rocky Mountain country. Among the substantial and stable business houses of Salt Lake City, it is only fair that the liquor house of B. K. Bloch & Company be mentioned. It was organized in the spring of 1890 with Fred J. Kiesel, president, and B. K. Bloch, general manager. It is an incorporated company which by its careful attention to the slightest de- tails of business, and careful manage- ment of its affairs, has succeeded in building up a large wholesale trade throughout Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Montana and Oregon In Sacramento, California, B. K. Bloch & Co. is located the large winery and man- ufacturing plant of this company, which controls annually millions of pounds of raw grapes. Aside from their liquor business they are general agents for the Idanha mineral water, and for the Pabst Brew- ing Company of Milwaukee. Fred J. Rieger, manager for the Salt Lake house, is a courteous and affable gentleman, and one whose vast managerial ability is called into daily use. A well appointed drug store is, when under the management of an educated and competent pharmacist, an important feature of the mercantile interests of any city, and working in conjunction with the medical profession accomplishes much in the way of benefiting humanity. Such an institution is Bentley & Hill's handsomely ap- 127 pointed pharmacy in the Dooly Block, a picture of which is shown on page 6 1 and which is the most attractive and best equipped house of the kind in Salt Lake City. Here may be found a full representation of such articles as the public expect to find in a well stocked drug store. Years of experience in this business have made Mr. Hill, the genial, polite and cultured manager, fully conversant with all its re- quirements, and it is not asserting too much to say that no establish- ment here is better fitted to give complete satisfaction than the one under notice, which, it may be added, is perfectly reliable. * * NELDEN-JUDSON DRUG CO. The Only Wholesale Drug House Between Denver AND San Francisco. est.a.bXjISI€:ex) •-' ises. JOSLIN & PARK, ITO-ITZ Main SX^reet, Sal^ "L.a'We Gity, \"5xaYv, 1008-1010 Sii^teeii^Yi S^ree\., Denver, Colorado. Interior of Joslin & Park's Stork. fHE oldest and most reliable Jewelers in the West. Dealers in Diamonds, Watches. Jewelry and Silverware. Sole aijents for the celebrated Patek, Philippe & Co. Watches. Souvenirs in Tea and Coffee Spoons and large pieces. The finest and largest assortment in the City. Tourists will find here the most unique designs to select from. All the latest novelties in gold and silver. JOSLIN & PARK, R."at"tior\7.ed Oity TiraeiS-eepers. Salt Lake City's LEADING HOTEL, THE KNUTSFORD. So far as hotel accommodations are concerned the comfort of the visitor to Salt Lake City has been fully considered and thoroughly supplied. Standing on the corner of State and Third South Streets is the Knutsford Hotel, a noble structure of two hundred and fifty rooms and without a doubt the finest hotel of its kind between Chicago and the Coast. Looking at it from the outside one sees a mag- nificent structure built of grey sandstone extending down each street almost one- half of the block. And Salt r^ake blocks are not checker squares either, they are good long great big comfortable blocks in the middle of vv liich the farmer and fruit grower finds ample scope for their genius. But one in looking at the outside of it is not prepared for the dainty exquisite tone of the rotunda which greets him as he enters. There is something peculiarly homelike about the atmosphere of the Knutsford, something quiet and restful, and when one has once passed the wide open portal he or she feels immediately at home and is constrained to remark "I am glad to be here." r( buill in that quaiiii old colonial st\le so util known to travelers in the Soutli The seventy of its Connthian columns the beauty of Us tiled floor and the simple homely oeauty of its grand staircase is a picture not easily forgotten by the tired and weary pilgiim wornout with his journey over the desert, or "over the range." Ascending the grand staircase, one is struck with the beauty of the furnish- ment of the promenade which is on the second floor. Extending around the interior of the court, commanding a full view of the office and the rotunda, it is carpeted with a magnificent Wiltons, whose soft red tone is restful to the eye and sole as well. The furniture is of the massive kind, great large rockers, luxuriously up- holstered settees, Axminster rugs, while the walls are covered with rare and ex- quisite etchings. Walking around the west corner of the promenade where the elevator is located, one can ascend to the upper floors where the guest chambers are, every one of which have outside windows and handsome Moquet carpets. Bathrooms with all conveniences are attached to these suites. The rooms themselves are furnished in almost Oriental magnificence and each corner suite, fronting south or west contains large bay windows from which one beholds a superb view of valley, lake and mountain landscape. It is indeed most charming to sit in the window of one of these rooms in one's tennis suit and view the snow- covered Wasatch, not 20 miles away. From the same window one can see The Sanitarium, that world renowned health resort, located onb' one block and a half away. It is Jiere that the crippled, the sightless, and the wounded of all kinds gather to heal, in the water heated over the furnaces of mother nature, their many ills. Nowhere else on earth is there such a place. Aside from its sanitary value it is almost a social resort, for Tuesday and Friday evenings are known as "Social Nights." Upon these nights the very flower of Salt Lake's culture gather to disport in the warm invigorating water. As for bridal chambers, the far famed Ponce De Leon has not suites more beautiful than these. Surely every provision has been made for the newly wed couple, the Mecca of whose sight seeing tour is here in romantic, historical Salt Lake. The floors are covered with the softest of Axminster, while the furniture of satin wood upholstered in colors of ivory and old pink lends to each apartment a color, a tone distinctly and individually its own. The grand dining room, located on the second floor at the head of the grand stairway, is far famed as one of the most beautiful in the country. Here, also, the floor is of polished mosaic tile The ceiling is thirty-five feet high, studded with incandescent lights which, with its white walls and English trimmings, lend to it a color at night which is unsurpassed. Outside light is admitted through cathedral glass whose soft tones falling over the whitest of linen and the brightest of silverware and the wittiest and most charming of people lend to it a color by day, whose eclat is not reproduced any- where else on earth. Magnificent sideboards and mantels with long French bevelled plate mirrors finish a picture which taken either by day or night beggars descrip- tion. One feels better tor eating there, and once seen, it is a picture that is never forgotten. On this floor is also the writing room. Somehow or another most hotel proprietors seem to think that the writing room is a necessary evil, and as such, to be discountenanced as much as possible. Usually it is located in some far-oflfcorner, or else a desk in the lobby is the only accommodation supplied. With the Knuts- ford all this is changed. As much attention has been lavished upon the writing room and as much money expended toward making it a thing of beauty as upon any other of its many admirable features. It is exquisitely furnished with Hollenden upholstered chairs i6th century oak, while the upholstering is of terra cotta and green. It is surely a beautiful apartment and deserves more space than can be given in this limited description. Returning to the rotunda one passes into the Bar and Billiard room. Surely the billiard parlors are the most beautiful of their kind in the country. No money has been spared in furnishing it, and the best of tables have been put in. One cannot imagine a more pleasant place to while away a dull hour preceding "train time." And the Bar! Everybody knows "Billy." Billy is proud of his reputation and the hotel is proud of Billy. Billy is an artist in his line, and the exquisite "mixes" that come from his skilful fingers leave a pleasant taste for hours. Without a doubt, the finest liquors in the country are to be fpund in The Knutsford Bar, and one is agreeably surprised at the absence of "bottled lightning," fer which most Western towns and nearly ali Western hotels are noted. The laundry is owned by the house, and every precaution has been taken to meet any emergency whatsoever. The Knutsford has fire escapes, but it does not need them, as at no time whatsoever is there any fire of any kind in the hotel. The steam heating apparatus, the ranges in the kitchen and the laundry are all located in a building entirely separate and distinct from the main structure. And now in conclusion, every arrangement has been made for the comfort of every guest who may come to the Knutsford. There are sample rooms galore, Western Union Telegraph office, the ventilation is of the best and incandescent electric lights in every room. The cuisine is unexcelled, and the water used (or both cooking and drinking purposes is the purest in the world and comes clear, bright and sparkling through the pipes from the mountain canyons i8 miles away. Write to. ^^X ■vov/VOv' a ^.^ Foi- InfoT-rrhCbtzoTh r-egcbTdzng Investments zn Utah. fill InqyuzTies jlnsuje-red GKee-r- futlly. \ LOANS PLACED, \ \ RENTS COLLECTED, * For Noii-Residents, I TAX PAID,^ ., .^,. . GENERAL REAL ESTATE BUSINESS TRANSACTED. O'rieara & Co., Rooms 44-5-(^> OTleara Building, Salt Lake City REFERENCE5--COMMERCIAL AGENCY AND Banks of Salt Lake Cixr. ^] THE LEADING [^ OUR FALL GOODS \EJi\\ soon arrive auA ^aie \Kril\ Yia^e "Itva lAargest. and "PiuesX. l^iTve e-uer opened in \,Y\\s 0\\.y. Our Bnyers are no^iu: in tb.e "aast, Soonring the Marite\.s lor iate Ro'u:e\ties. in tiie mean- time a^i Snmmer Goods are \3eing soid at =Kaii Yaine. li-uery- tYiing mns\,\De oieaned ont. We do not propose to carry any- ttiing o-u:er. GEO. M. SCOTT, Phest. H. S. RUMFIELD, Secv. d- GLENDINNING, V. Prb«t. * Trbas. ^. SCOTT ^ ^. \J> * INCORPORATED. « ^ Hardware and Hetal Merchants, ■o SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. Importers and Dealers in •'•v Hardware, Iron, Steel, Iron Pipe, Miners' Tools, Stoves, Tinware, Etc, and a Gen- eral Assortnnent of Mill and Mine Supplies. ROOFING PLATES, All Grades. BRIGHT PLATES, Charcoal and Coke. AMERICAN AND FOREIGN. A Large Assortment op Qualities. Weights and Sizes. SHEET IRON AND charcoal^cleaned qjrri COLD ROLLED O I ttL. connoN Galvanized and Terne Eave Trough and Gutter, Corrugated Leader, BIbows and Shoes. SOLDER, a Specialty, (our own make.) TIN, Pig and Bar, SHEET ZING, LEAD, Pig and Bar, SHEET COPPER, INGOT COPPER, PLUMBAGO, ANTIMONY, WIRE, HARD METAL, RIUETS- Also a large assortment of TINNERS' TOOL8 and MACHINES. We are Agents for the DAMASCUS PROCESS STEEL, Manufactured by the Pennsylvania Steel Refining Co. ** Santa Fe Route." pio grande ^c6tern, golorado ^idland, ^tchi6on, '0opcka» Sc Santa Se Sail-wau6. The Only Line which runs Pullman Palace Sleeping Cars between Ogden, Salt Lake City and Chicago, and Pullman Palace Reclining Chair Cars be- tween Ogden, Salt Lake City, Denver and Chicago. The Short Line. Superb Scenery. Equipment Unsurpassed. ftRe YOM GOING eftST? If so, be sure and secure tickets reading over the "Santa Fe Route." Grandest and Greatest Railroad on Earth. _^^ Leave Ogden or Salt Lake on the evening train in order to see the Most Beautiful Scenery in America. Trains leave Rio Grande Western Depot, Salt Lake City, at 7:40 p.m. Ticket Office, No. 15 W. Second South Street. <^£;o. fi. ^=*'* *!£:£<— Our Vanilla Wafers are Delicious. No. 442 South, Second West Street. SALT LAKE CITY, - - - UTAH. L'FNUO •E^ As the author of this book, I want to say a word with regard to myself and a few words with regard to other people. In the first place, I want it distinctly un- derstood that I have shared the common lot of authors and have made no money out of this publication; but far more precious than gold to me have been the kind words and genial hand-clasps of the many good men and true who have helped me by their kindly counsel from time to time. Prominent among these men is W. S. McCornick. Judge Edward F. Colborn, secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, is another; and I am sure that had I not had the kind words, the moral support and the mental help that Judge C. C. Goodwin has so kindly and persis- tently tendered me, I should have fallen by the wayside long ago. Franklin D- Richards and A. Milton Musser, historians of the Mormon Church, have also been among my kindest and most appreciative friends. Frank VVadleigh, General Pass- enger Agent of the Rio Grande Western, also deserves mention in this connection. He did everything he could to further my efforts and the success of "IN THE SHADOW OF MORONI." I also want to thank John P. Meakin. There are times in a man's life when he needs kind words more than gold; and as a representative of that fairy land, Bohemia, I may say that to me, kind thoughts, crystallized in the words of my mother tongue, are far more precious than yellow dross. I want to thank F. E. McGurrin for the financial aid he so kindly extended at a critical period in the history of this book, and I want to thank the Souvenir Guide Company for tiie aid they so generously extended when I was faint with the heat of the noontide glare. To G. S. Holmes, proprietor of the Knutsford Hotel, I owe a debt of gratitude for courtesies extended in connection with the publication of this book. Messrs. Sainsbury & Johnson were also very kind, as all photo- graphs used herein were taken by them. They are artists in their profession. David R. Lyon, manager of the Magazine Printing Company, has also been exceedingly kind and has helped me in many ways. Mr. Lyon is a gentleman and one whom I am glad to have met. I am not sure but that the place of honor is generally at the rear of the procession, and this place I wanttoaccord the few but true women who have helped me by their kind words and generous smiles- To them I wish to extend my heartfelt and deepest gratitude, for to my mind the fairest of all fair things is a woman who is good and true. It is only necessary for me to add that, as a representative of the South, the Land of Flowers and Sunshine, the land of beautiful dreams and happv thoughts, the land where that fair flower, woman, attains her highest perfection, their smiles are more necessary to my well- being and welfare than many other things which men term needful. f^^^-<^->v^^>rt:^7^^ MEMBER AHERICAN TICKET BROKERS' ASSOCIATION. AVE HONEY By calling at m^v.^-:]. JDII1I3,. Railway and Steamship Ticket f^gency, Railroad Tickets Bought, Sold and Exchanged, * The Most Reliable Ticket > ♦ Tickets to ail Parts of the > * i i > i Agency in Utah > i United States * ^>- SLEEPING GAR BERTHS SECURED. -<^ SALT LAKE OFFICE; OGDEN OFFICE; 230 South, Main Street. 302 Twenty=fifth Street. QEO. W. JONES Enjoys the enviable reputation of standing at the head of his particular line of business in the West. This has been accomplished mainly, through his courteous treatment of his patrons, and the perfect reliability of his transactions. He is especially popular with the traveling men, who know that when Geo. W. Jones sells them a ticket that the trip from start to finish will be one contin- ual round of pleasure, as many years experience in handling passenger business, combined with his extended knowledge of every mile of road in the United States, enables him to accomplish this in the splendid manner that he does. If you contemplate a trip, call and make the acquaintance of the genial and accommodating Geo. W. Jones, who is always glad to impart information to Tourists and the traveling public 230 S, MAIN STREET, Salt Lake Gity, Utah. Magazine Printing Co., Printers, 62 Richards St., Salt Lake City. ^ jjj^^tfeSgjitg^^ ^^j^i^^X/^z^j^^^^i^l^^ ^ TIME WILL TELL ! 23 ^ours and ^O Minutes. Salt Lake to Denver, CoL 33 "aours and 30 Minutes, Salt Lake to Omaha. 48 "S-v urs and 4^ Minutes, Salt Lake to Chicago. Salt Lake to Kansas Cit Salt Lake to St. Louis. 4^ "aours, ^8 "Hours, nVg place for children, Elegant Train Service, Consisting of Dining Cars carte), Through Pullman Pt Sleepers without change, Fre< dining ChairCars and Day Coa p&^ Two Fast Trains Daily tc from the East. UNION PACIFIC SYSTEM 'dress E, BURLEY, General Passenger Agent, 201 Main Street, Salt Lake Q 1 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS lilliiii 017 060 377 1 Fv^- •*•;< -^^ i ^y. ■/.■■'^^-^