< o ^of * << IP *7\ o v^.y v^ f v vs5*y v* 1 • J «J^Tw* O **d* O > . &* 77,* % <$> © ♦ *°+ %> ••• ^ •;tt:..\ *»sjte.*+ ^-^%.V .A*S*.^ ^ VSSiy* # a- " 7 * : f«^* «*°<* ^ ^ ^ % <Y, 63399^ ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CDWTWWPSS'IN THE YEAR I9OO BY T. J. EADY IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN AT WASHINGEON. INTRODUCTORY. Q^t COURSE of instruction on Psychology, giving P" the theory and scientific explanation of the phe- nomena of the mind. The principles and laws govern- ing man's inner life and will. Explaining Hypnotism, Christian Science and other theories, and beliefs regard- ing the power and nature of the human mind or soul. Special attention being given to the application of the law of Psychology to the practical affairs of life. The various ways in which the knowledge imparted may be used to benefit, uplift, improve and bless. Explaining how this knowledge is the true secret of health, pros- perity and long life. All theories given having been tried and proven. And all statements of fact fully veri- fied. Practical Psychology. irt^ROM the most ancient times, as we learn by tradi- Jj| tion and history, men have studied and observed, wondered and speculated, over the power and nature of the human mind or soul. It has been the subject of the most profound study and often of the wildest, and most absurd speculation. This study, being of man himself, the ego, spirit, or soul within him has necessarily touched on religion and, probably for that reason, been subjected to the bitterest opposition and been wholy misunderstood by many of those applying the law but entirely wrong in their conception of its nature. What we now call psychology, and study as we would electricity or mathe- matics without prejudice, fear or superstition in order to use it in the every day matters of life, in making busi- ness transactions, in curing disease, or merely for amuse- ment, was at one time called blackart and those using it, in their imperfect understanding of the law, were re- garded as the servants of the devil using a diabolical power. It has been called witch-craft and in our own enlightened America, women have been burned at the stake for using but very little of the power explained in these instructions. In its various forms and uses it has been known as Cure by Holy Relics, Hypnotism, Mes- merism, etc., etc. As a rule those using the power were as ignorant of its true origin, force and limitations as their enemies. In all its forms it has been doubted and feared. It has been the tool of fakirs, humbugs and charlatans who abused what they understood of it as well as suffering unjust and undeserved attacks and abuse from those who knew nothing of it. To the mind of any reasonable man it is plain, after a little investigation along this line, that there is, or has 5 been, something in all these historical, traditional and present fads, fancies, theories, and religions known as witch-craft, blackart, cure by miracles, healing by the kings touch, spiritualistic manifestation, faith cures, cure by Christian science, hypnotism, mesmerism, etc. Our present object is to give an explanation of the true force or power manifested in these cases. In almost all logical scientific investigations it is necessary to begin with an hypothesis, that is just a statement without proof, and then by giving the facts and experi- ments, fit the two together and show that the hypothesis or theory stated at first accounts for all the experiments and that no other theory will do so. This is a logical way of establishing the truth of a theory. The hypothe- sis taken in studying psychology is as follows: Man is a dual being, that is he has two distinct and separate minds. One is called the objective mind, and the other the subjective mind. Each mind has its exclusive field ; each has its own work to perform and each has its own consciousness. The objective mind is the mind, the thought, or the consciousness produced by the brain cell action. It is a part or a product of the physical body. It is the reasoning power which controls and directs our ordinary actions. It is the part of man's brain that can be educated. It is the intellect and is that reasoning faculty which enables man to reason out the problems of life and arrive at logical conclusions. All its impres- sions are obtained through the five senses, seeing, hear- ing, tasting, smelling and feeling. The subjective mind is the finer, more ethereal part of man's consciousness. It is the God part ; it has powers and faculties not pos- sessed by the objective or physical mind. It is the spirit ; the emotional part ; it reaches conclusions by in- tuition rather than by reasoning. It is sometimes called the subconscious mind and its influence, force or even existence is often never realized, much less its impor- tance appreciated, by men. In a person in a normal state it is not in the ascendency or control, it is beneath the surface and its existence frequently not realized though it is not inactive or inert by any means. A common way in which its existence is made known to almost every one is in what we call conscience. It is the still small voice which tells us right from wrong. Sometimes it makes its presence known by reason of a sudden liking or distaste for another person; that is, a feeling of pleasure or distaste not arising from any cause we can explain ; from no particular impression gained through the senses. The subjective mind never sleeps ; never becomes tired ; never ceases to perforin its functions. It controls all the involuntary actions of the body ; action of the lungs, heart, digestive organs, etc. Impressions are made on the subjective mind only by suggestion. In a person in a normal state the impression or suggestion comes through the objective mind ; that is the objective mind observes all things and conditions surrounding the body, which is possible through the five senses. It rea- sons out the conclusions and then the impression or sug- gestion is made on the subjective mind according to the conclusion reached ; this is when in the normal state. But in certain conditions the objective mind is passive; is out of the way, as it were, ceases to stand between the subjective mind and external things. In this state a conclusion suggested to an individual reaches his sub- jective mind direct and is acted on as though the fact or conclusion stated had come through the regular chan- nel of the objective mind. The objective mind reasons deductively ; that is when a general statement or con- clusion is made it will reason out the minor facts or in- fer the things implied in the first general statement. It reasons inductively, that is when given a number of minor 'facts or circumstances it will arrive at a gen- eral fact or conclusion. It reasons in all ways induc- tively, deductively, analytically and synthetically. The subjective mind reasons only deductively; that is it will not combine a number of minor facts or circumstances and thereby arrive at a conclusion, but if an impression or suggestion is made on the subjective mind it will de- duce all the minor facts, or the facts which must be true in order to make the first impression or suggestion true. Now man is a dual being; each individual is a combination of the spiritual man or soul and a material man or body which includes the objective mind. By wisest combination of these two natures, each doing its appointed part, and each exercising a proper control and restraint over the other, we attain the perfect human life. The life or enabling force of the body or physical, mortal, part of man is nerve force which controls the body. The subjective mind is master of the individual; it is the king or ego; through it can be controlled all the conditions, functions and sensations of the body; it is controlled by suggestion from within or without and perceives by intuition. It reasons only deductively, but never makes a mistake in reasoning that way. Thought force, the enabling force of the subjective mind, con- trols and directs the nerve force or enabling force of the body or objective mind. It is this way; ordinarily the suggestion or impression is obtained through the objec- tive mind, then the subjective mind controls and directs the nerve force in accordance with the impression made. Thus you touch a hot stove; the objective mind knows and reasons that it will burn, the suggestion is made on the subjective mind that your finger is burned; the sub- jective mind sends the nerve force to the finger and there is pain. Now if when the pain is there, the impression or suggestion could be made on the subjective mind that there was no pain, the nerve force would be withdrawn and the pain cease. If the suggestion of pain were made when the finger was not burned, the subjective mind would send nerve force to the finger and it would be painful as before and from the same cause, viz; an excess of nerve force in that place; although in the first instance the impression made on the subjective mind was true and in the other case it was not true. This ac- counts for the healing of all disease by suggestion. Di- sease can be created in the same way. The important thing now is to know how to make suggestions on the subjective mind. Suggestions are of two kinds auto suggestions and hetro suggestions. The first are from within, that is from one's own objective mind, the other is from without, that is, from surroundings or the mind of another. Suggestions may be given from without through the sense by speaking to a person, by motions or actions or by telepathic communications. By the last is meant suggestions conveyed directly from one mind to another without speaking or using any means perceptible to the senses. This telepathic means of suggestion can be used by one person to an- other at any distance, space being no barrier. However for suggestions to make an impression on a persons subjective mind directly, that person must be in a cer- tain state or condition. This is called the psychological condition or the psychic state. When one is passive and in the psychological condition he may be controlled by any one understanding how to make the suggestions ; you tell such a person he is asleep and' is ; tell him that he can't go to sleep and he can't ; tell him he can't move and he cannot ; that he can't be still and he will not be quiet ; he is what is most commonly called hyp- notized, which is a wrong name implying sleep, when 9 as a matter of fact it as easy to prevent sleep as to in- duce it in one who is in this psychological condition. The person in this state is under the control of any one making suggestions and impressions on his subjective mind, but not absolutely, and right here is one of the strangest things about a person thus under the control of another. No one will do anything he is principled against doing. Self-preservation is a law of nature — moral preservation as well as physical' preservation and any suggestion which, if acted upon, would violate a fixed moral principle in the subject will bring him out of this state ; his own objective mind assumes control and you lose it. Now as to who are, or may be put in this psychological condition or who can be controlled. In speaking of those who can be controlled, I mean con- trolled absolutely and completel} 7 , for all Qan be in- fluenced to just the degree they approximate, this con- dition by one who understands making suggestions in the proper manner, and understand that the operator or person making the suggestion need not be in a psychic state, but in all such cases (where the subject is not in a psychic state) some regard must be paid to the reason, intellect or objective mind when, however, the subject is in a psychological state the suggestion made, however absurd or false, is made directly on the subjective mind and the person acts on the suggestion as though it were true with the exception spoken of above when it violates a moral principle of a subject. A person to be controlled must have his nerve force and his thought force in equilibrium, that is if we say a man has one hundred per cent, thought force, he must have one hundred per cent, of nerve force to be in a psychological condition. It is estimated from the ex- periments of numbers of investigators along this line that one third of the people have their nerve and thought IO force in equilibrium, that is they were born and have lived in the psychological condition we call this class ''psychics.'' In the other two-thirds the nerve force is depleted and they cannot be controlled absolutely until their nerve force is increased to such an extent as to make it balance their thought force. These are called "non-psychics.'' First as to the psychics, this class com- posed of one-third of the people, is at once the most for- tunate and the most unfortunate of people ; fortunate, because if they understand the lav/ of psychology they may control themselves ; all the conditions, sensations and functions of the body, relieve themselves of any pain, in fact have perfect self-control, but, being igno- rant of the law and its use, they are open and defense- less against the suggestions of another who may under- stand the law and are the victims of all who wish to im- pose upon them through the law of psychology. The non-psychics are in the majority, two-thirds of the peo- ple. They cannot be so easily influenced as the others, but neither can they control themselves so perfectly as can the psychics. No one should rest after taking these instructions until he or she reaches the psychic state. This is done by increasing the nerve force, and the nerve force is increased by concentration. By concen- tration is meant fixing the the thoughts wholly and ex- clusively on one thing to the exclusion of thought in all other directions, not by studying about one subject but by intense thought on one thing. For instance, sit down in a quiet place where you will not be disturbed and look at a spot on the wall, never let your eyes wan- der, never let another thought enter your head except that spot. This at first will be found impossible except for a few seconds, but continue ; concentration like this is an art which will soon be acquired. If another method of concentration is preferred the eyes may be closed and the thumb held in the other hand, think of your thumb ; when the thoughts wander pinch the thumb and bring the thoughts back to it. This will in time increase the nerve force until it balances the thought force. The time required varies with the state of depletion the nerve force may be in ; possibly in five minutes the psycho- logical state is induced. It may take a month, that is if concentration for twenty minutes does not produce the effects indicating an equilibrium, stop for that day and repeat the concentration for twenty minutes the next day. The psychic state will most certainly be reached in time, though it takes twenty minutes a day for a month ; never get discouraged, but persevere, there need not be an}^ fear of ultimate failure for it is impossible and the end finally attained will repay for the time and trouble of concentrating a thousand fold. The oftener the mind is concentrated the more perfect it can be cen- tered on one thing the next time. It makes no differ- ence what is the one thing the mind is centered on — a spot — a bright object — the thumb — the tick of a watch or clock — the one easiest to think of exclusively should be the one used. Concentration increases the nerve force because while the body is passive and the mind centered on one object or sound, which is the nearest approach to passivity the mind can reach, the minute pores in the skin, of which there are millions, open and absorb the crude electricity in the atmosphere, which electricity is transformed into nerve force wheu it enters the body. When the psychic state is reached absolute control of self is possible but not before. To tell when the state is reached, after concentrating, press hard, not hard enough to cause pain, but enough to feel it, with the thumb and first finger, between the third and little fin- ger of the other hand about one inch from the joint ; this pressure will be upon the ulna nerve and if the pro- per amount of nerve force is present A tingling tickling sensation or an ache or pain will be felt up the entire length of the arm to the base of the brain. The pain or tickling will be felt, possibly onl}' to the elbow which shows a deficiency in nerve force; in this case more concentration is necessary; possibly no sensation at all will be felt except the pressure and if this is the case much concentration is needed to restore the depleted nervous system and induce the psychic state. When one is in a psychic state, either natural or in- duced, he is then subject to the fullest extent to the operation of the law of psychology. He can control himself, and if he wishes, can be controlled by others. If he is in the psychic state without understanding the law he will be controlled by others whether he wishes or not. The next thing is the practical application of the law; how to control others; self control; and how to re- sist the attempts of others to control you. First as to controlling others, it will be necessary to begin with to know whether the person you wish to control is a psychic or a non-psychic. There are certain physical peculiari- ties which as a rule distinguish the psychic, these are a square forehead going straight up (not sloping back) with a fullness about the temples, large liquid eyes and a head flat on top. These are usually to be found on a psychic; however the one infallible test is to press on the ulna nerve between the third and little finger, as de- scribed above, and if a sensation of any kind is felt up the arm and to the base of the brain, you may be as- sured that your subject is already in a psychic state. Pressure on any nerve will serve the purpose as well; the convenience of the ulna nerve is the only rea- son it is preferred. Pressure should be continued for . 13 four minutes. If no sensation is felt the subject is very deficient in nerve force and it will take much concen- tration to put him in shape to operate on. If a sensa- tion is felt part way up the arm it will take less time. We will suppose now that you propose to control your subject in the way commonly called hypnotizing him, that is, be with him and control him, make the arm stiff make him see objects not present, make him insensible to pain, etc. After testing him, if you find he feels the sensation described, he is ready to work on at once; if not explain to him how to concentrate and have him do so. You will find that the natural psychics or those nearly in the state will be the easiest to start on. After you have the subject in the psychological state, either natural or induced by concentration, he is ready to re- ceive and act on your suggestions; he is under your con- trol. To be most successful, your subject should be willing to submit — should know you will not hurt him — that the control you will exercise over him is nothing to fear and should try to help you all he can. Impress upon him that any influence you may acquire will be but temporary and that it does not show that you are his superior mentally, or have a stronger will than he has, because you control him. Now having your sub- ject in a psychological condition, willing to submit and assist you, put him in a comfortable position, have him close his eyes and then make the suggestion, "You can't open your eyes;" speak like you meant it, and mean it. Don't shout nor bully, but let the command be given in a firm, positive tone, like one who knows what he is talking about — understands his business, and knows his orders will be obeyed. Give the command, "You can't open your eyes" in a positive, cool voice; such a tone as you use in stating a positive fact, and most important thing of all, back it up by your will; will that his H eyes can't open. Do not make any abnormal strain in doing this, but say it, mean it, and believe it. If you think your order will not be obeyed it prob- ably will not be, but you must have confidence in your- self. At first it is well to keep repeating to yourself the command given, for instance; you have your subject in the pS3'chological condition; he is willing to give up and yield to your control — he closes his eyes — you say "You can't open your eyes," he will assist you by saying to himself, "I can't open my eyes," "They will not open." You say to him, "You can't open your eyes; you can't do it; they are closed tight and are fastened together." Then say in a quick tone, one used in stating a fact, not a questioning one — "Try as hard as you can, you can't open them;" "You can't do it, keep trying but the}' will not open." And all the time you are not talking keep repeating in 3'our mind, "He can't do it; he can't do it"; and strange as it may be to you now, he will not be able to do so. The repetition of the command in your mind gives you confidence, it takes the place of the certainty and positive knowledge you will gain later after you have experimented with several and found that they obey your commands. When you are abso- lutely sure of yourself, the repetition in your own mind will be unnecessary. Remember to be positive in giv- ing the command; repeat it; tell the subject, "You can't open your eyes;" "you can't open your eyes;" "you can't do it;" "you can't do it." Tell him over and over again, and above all support the suggestion by your will. This is the secret of the whole matter. Have you sub- ject in the psychological condition — willing to submit to you and then make a suggestion and support it by your will. Now suppose after you have given the sug- gestion, "you can't open your eyes," your subject does open them. Do not be discouraged. There are three 15 things that may be the reason of your failure. He may not be in the psychological condition, he may have re- sisted yoii or yon may not have made the suggestion in the proper manner. Try again, impress upon the subject that failure will be certain if he does not submit and assist you. Ask him to repeat the suggestion you make in his own mind and try to believe it is true; then, for fear he is not in condition, have him shut his eyes and concen- trate on his thumb as before described; after he has con- centrated a few minutes go to him quietly and give him a light touch on the knee or hand with your finger at the same time saying in a positive tone "Now you can't open your eyes; try as hard as you can you can't open them, etc.; you can't do it; you can,t do it, etc." This is almost certain to do the work. And, try as hard as he may, his eyes remain closed. The subject is not now asleep nor is he unconscious of anything going on about him. He has all his faculties, can talk to you or do any other thing he wishes except open his eyes. Now if you have gone this far you have gained confidence in yourself. Let your subject get quiet and easy again, tell him in the same positive tone that his eyes are all right; that he can open them, and they will open as usual. Let your subjects eyes remain open now and tell him that you will make his arm stiff — have him hold out his arm, take your hand and stroke the arm held out telling the subject that it is becoming stiff; that he will not be able to bend his elbow when you stop; say "your arm is getting stiff," "it's getting stiff and rigid, when I stop you can't bend it, it will be stiff;" all the time supporting your suggestions by your will; willing that it is stiff and he canH bend it. Then stop and say to him, "Now you can't bend your arm, you can't do it; try your best you can't do it;" "You 16 can't do it," and lie will find that it is impossible to do so, although all other faculties are in their normal state. Now say "your arm is all right now, you can bend it;'' " there is nothing the matter with it.'' Support this sug- gestion with your will as before and the arm is all right. You will find it easier to remove any state you may have caused, such as a stiff arm, closed eyes, etc., than it was to cause it in the first place, because you are more confident. You know that if you caused it you can remove it. The passes spoken of, to use in making the arm stiff, have no great efficiency, except to arouse confidence in yourself and impress the subject that you are doing something. I do not see how, in any case, passes made with the hands help, except as they strengthen the be- lief of the operator and convince the subject that some- thing is being done to make your suggestion true. After you have closed your subjects eyes and stiffened his arm you may do numbers of things — make him unable to arise from his chair — fasten his feet to the floor — make him unable to open his mouth; or to close it, etc. You can do any of these things after you have done the two first. You have control of his body. If, however, you fail several times on one thing, that is if you can con- trol his body in all things except fasten his feet to the floor, and have tried to do that several times and failed, stop on that and try some other experiment. Possibly his mind is fixed on the fact that he will not do that one thing you have failed on, and if this is the case it is useless to keep trying. As I said before, you now have physical control of your subject, you have not put him to sleep but he obeys your commands. Now for the higher state or mental control. Let your subject become quiet and passive in an easy position. Have him to close his eyes and think of sleep. Then, in the. H same quiet, positive tone of voice as before used, sug- gest "you are getting sleepy;" "You want to go to sleep;" "your eyes are getting heavy;" "you are sleepy — sleepy — sleepy." It is well sometimes to put your hand lightly on his face, press on his forehead with your thumb and let your fingers rest on his head, pass your hand over his eyes, suggesting "sleep; sleep; sleep," and finally, "you are sound asleep." You can tell from his appearance if he is asleep, if so you have mental control of him, to some extent at least. Command him to stand up. You can have his eyes open or closed as you wish; it will make no difference in your further ex- periments. Suggest now that he is cold; that he is very cold; he is freezing — you might if your subject's e3^es are open, strengthen your suggestion by appearing cold yourself, shivering, buttoning up your coat, etc. The subject will get cold and show it. Next, suggest heat — "You are getting hot now", etc., and if he responds to this suggestion, you may be sure that you have abso- lute control of your subject. You can suggest that he is fishing, and he will see the water; that he has fallen into the river and he will go through the actions of swimming on the floor; that he is looking at any won- derful sight and you can tell by the expression on his face that he believes you. Numberless suggestions may be made with equal success. About the only limit to the things you can make him do and see is your own imagination, or invention. Any suggestion may be made and will be readily acted on. Care should be taken when experimenting with one whom you can con- trol mentally not to frighten him. If you were to tell him that a lion was after him, he might seriously injure himself in trying to get away before you had time to remove the impression. In this state you can make the 18 subject forget his own name. Tell him he is some other person and he will belive it and act accordingly. Sometimes a subject will talk readily and answer any question you may ask. When you get one that will do this, many interesting experiments may be performed. One in this state will be able to repeat verbatim things he has read. Whole pages of poetry; facts learned years ago; or perform many feats of memory which would be impossible in his normal state. Tell such a person that he is a great orator, and he will make an eloquent speech, which on investigation will probably be found is one he has heard at some time, but which he had forgotten and would be unable to recall a single sentence in his normal state. Another kind of suggestions which may be made, are those that will be acted upon after the subject is brought out from under your control. For instance, you have the mental control of a subject; you suggest sleep; put him sound asleep — then say "One hour after you wake up and are in your normal condition you will get an apple and eat it," or suggest anything which is not impossible; repeat the suggestion several times and then say, "When 3^ou are from under my control }i i nm« iwr A Coarse of Jnstructm on the Practical Application of the £a# of Psychology, <£ J. &adtf< » ^ • > ^ O, *«».»* A <* *?7 Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. *^ s&M/h'. "%• ** •« ^ 4* .••- r V> .&> V. ' • • • §1% JAN 82 ffl=^ N. MANCHESTER, ^^^ INDIANA 46962 \/?$r\ISy .0*°' » • _ * /r\