SF 
 
 .A.Cr4 
 
 American Agricultural Library N2 8. 
 
 AIVIERICAN DAIRYING. 
 
 .-- — . — ._^_i, — . — i^ i ^i - — 
 
 OilOMHOE AtilO. 
 
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 COEAHHEHHblXL LUTATAX*b 
 
 no AMEPMHAHCKMM'b MCT04HMHAIVI"b 
 
 COCTaBMJlT> 
 
 C. B- r e ii M a H i>. 
 
 U 3 A a H i e 
 
 MEJK/iyHAPO/tHArO KHHrOHSJIATEJIbCTBA 
 HbH) lOPKT) 
 
 International Book Publishing Company 
 
 5 Beekman Street 
 
 NEW YORK, N. Y. 
 Telepli. Cortlandt 2949. 
 
 CJ 
 
 ^^ UtHa $1.00 
 
 ^S^ 
 
Qass_ 
 Book_. 
 
 .YmilM ^OttJU&CTION 
 
nonyjiaPHO-HAyHHAa bmb/iioteka 
 
 nOAt PEfl. nPO«. H. A. 50P0AMHA. 
 
 6a ^ 
 
 N2 8. 
 
 T 
 
 
 CEPrtll TEWMAHTj. 
 
 MOJIOMHOE /I'BJTO 
 
 B^ COEAMHEHHblX'b llJTATAX-b CtBEPHOPt AMEPMKW 
 
 CjJtJl 
 
 MEaC;i.yHAPO^HOE KHHrOHSMTEJEbCTBO 
 
 Hbro-IopKi 
 1920 
 

 Copyright, 1920 
 
 By 
 
 international Book Publishing Company. 
 

 
 
 r ;i A B ;i E H I E . 
 
 Cip. 
 Bm^cto ^pe;^HCJIOBia 4 
 
 06mm BaarfeqaHia 5 
 
 IIpoOjieMa MOJiOHHaro ]i,%.ia 11 
 
 CaHHTapHBm ycjiOBia npoHSBOflCTBa 13 
 
 nacTepH3ai];m MOJiOKa 20 
 
 $iijibTpaii,m MOJiOKa 26 
 
 3axojiaJKHBaHie MO.iOKa 29 
 
 K.iiaccH(|)HKai];iii MO.iOEa 33 
 
 0praHH3ai];m nepeBOSKH MOJiOKa 37 
 
 BhSop-b MOJio^maro CKOia 41 
 
 CiaTHCTHKa MO-ionnaro CKOia 44 
 
 OKOHOMH^ecKie ^aKiopBi MOJio^naro xosiiftcTBa 47 
 
 0praHH3ai],lH cStixa MO.iOKa 59 
 
 .Iiira MOJionHO-(|)epMepcKiix'B opraHii3aii;ifi 61 
 
 CnaSjKeHie mciokomb r. Htio-IopKa 69 
 
 npoH3Bo;i;cxBO cyxoro MCiOKa 73 
 
 flpHJiOHieHie I. BH6jiiorpa$m 78 
 
 " n. $epMepcKie KOonepaiRBBi no c6LiTy MOJiOKa 84 
 
 " in. ^iarpaMMa pocia n;i^H'& na mojioko 87 
 
BMtCTO nPEAMCJlOBm. 
 
 no CBOHMt npHpOAHblMB yCJIOBiflM'L CoeAHHeHHHe UlTaiH Ci^BepHOfi 
 AjfepiiKH BO MHoroMT) HanoMHHarox'B Pocciio. 
 
 HaMt, pyccKHMi), npeACiOHT'L Sojibinaa cosHAaiejibHaa paSora y ce6a 
 Ha poAHH*. H Ki. 9T0g pa6oTt Mbi AOJiacHbi 6HTb roTOBH. noaioMV 
 
 HSyqeHie npOMblUIJieHHOCTH, lOprOBJIH, (j^HHaHCOBl., HOBMfflHX'b mctoaob-b 
 
 npoH3Bo;i;cTBa h opraHHsai^iH aMepHKaHE^eB-b nojiesHO h fljia npe^cioa- 
 n^efi paSoTbi neoOxoAHMO. 
 
 BoT-b noHeny mh ct. y/^OBOJibciBieM'b penoMeHAyeMi. oqepK-b C. FeM- 
 iiaHa MO.iioqHOM'b A'feJi'fe B-b Coe/tHHeHHbix^ UlTaiaxT., KaK-b oiBtqaiomifi 
 0TMl>^eHH0H Bbime noxpeSHOCTH. 
 
 ynojTHOMoneHHbitt CoK)3a CnQupcEHx-B Macjio;i;ifejibHHXi Aprejiefi 
 
 B;iaAHMipi> 6auiKMpoBi>. 
 
 Hbio-Iopn, 16 flUBapji 1920 r. 
 
T 3 bl B 1. . 
 
 ITpe/^jiaraeMaii BEHManiK) iiiiTaTe-ieil Spomiopa r. C. reflMana „Mo- 
 .loraoe Xo3iiHCTBO bi. CoeAHHeHHbixi. UlTaiax'b C/feBepHon Ambphkh" npe^- 
 CTaBJiJieT'L co6ott AOCTaio^HO no-rayio CBOAKy AaKHbixi. o cocTOjmm mo- 
 jio^Haro xosHHCTBa bt. coBpeMeHHott AMepHK* ii xapaKxepHCTHKy MexoAOBb 
 ero BeAenm. 
 
 CHCieMa CHa6ateHiii KpynHHX^ ropo^CKHxt i^eHTpoBt mojio^hbimii 
 npoflyKiaMH bt. KOJiocca.iibHOMT. MacniTaO'fe; Mexo^H yjiy^imeniii Ka^ecxBa 
 MOJiOKa bt. CMbicjit, c^ o/^Hon cxopoHbi, nHxaxejibHocxH ero, a c apyrofi — 
 nciHaro o6e.3BpeacHBaHm oxoro BajKHaro npo^yKxa oxt> HH^eKi^ioHHbix'b 
 Haiaji'b; cosflaHie MOinHaro paSoxaiomaro MexaHHsna pacnpe^'feJieHm mo- 
 jiOKa; Hairp^JKeHHaa pa6oxa bt. axiixx. HanpaBJieniaxx. opranoBX. ropo^- 
 CKoro caMoynpaBjieHia h oOinecxBeHHbixx. opraHH3ai];in, HaKoneii,!*, xaKt 
 CKasaxb, o6iii;ecxBeHHa,a „MOJio^Haii" caHiixapnaji, — Bce 9xo ocBtmeno b^ 
 oqepHt r. refiMaHa KpaxKO, ho Bno-iH-fe amo h yS-feAHTejibHO h no^Kpt- 
 njieHO KpacHop-fe^HBbiMH cxaxHCxiiqecKHMH ;i;aHHbiMH H i;H(|)paMH. 
 
 Ha npocxpaHcxBt HeMHoraxx. cxpaHHii,x> cocxaBHxejieMX) oqepita ^ano 
 He Ma.!io HHxepecHbixx. cB-fe^i^Hin ii yKa.3aHifi, Morymnxx. no6yji;HXb jik)6o- 
 SHaxejibHaro ^HxaxejiH kx. dojite ^exajibHOMy h mnpoKOMy HByTieHiro xofi 
 BajKHOt oxpacjH cejibCK0X03jmcxBeHH0H npoMbimjieHHOCXH bx. ycjiOBiax'b 
 ropo/i;cKoro h ^epnepcKaro xoBiitcxBa. Bx. oco6eHHOcxH, noaxoMy, ^ojiacna 
 6bixb peK0MeH/i;0BaHa Spomiopa r. FenMaHa pyccKOMy ^nxaxejiH), h6o 
 HHr/i;'fe, 6bixb M03Kexx>, KaKi) btb PoccIh, Ha en orpoMHbixx. nojieBHXx> npo- 
 cxpaHcxBaxx,, MO-no^Hoe ^'fe.xo ne HMiexx> cxojibKO nojiojKHxejibHbixx. j[jm 
 cBoero pasBHxia j];aHHbixX) h bx> cMbicji'fe BajKHOCXH axofi oxpacjiH napoA- 
 naro xosaflcxBa h bx. CMbicji-fe xoh orpoMHOfi nojib3H, KOTopyio ona Moacexx. 
 npHHCCxH npaKXHiecKHM'B HHxepecaMx. no/tpocxaiomHXx. noKO.i'feHifi. 
 
 f\-piy K. A. KoeajibCKiM, 
 ^jiCHi AMcpHKaHCKaro KoMHTeTa Corosa ChShpckhxt. 
 CeabCKOXOSflHCTBCHHblXI. KoonepaTHBOBi. 
 31 xeKa6pfl 1920 ro^a- 
 
 r. HbM-IopRl. 
 
Mojio4Hoe Jl;hjio 
 
 B-b COEAMHEHHblX'b UlTATAX-b C^BEPHOt) AMEPMKM. 
 6 m'l n 3aMt4aHifl. 
 
 HacToamaa pa6oTa cxaBHX'B ceO-fe 11,'bjibH) CBo;^Ky HM^iomHxca b^ 
 cnei^iajibHofi JiHTepaiypt ji,aHHHXT. no Bonpocy cocToamH mojioHHaro j^-fejia 
 wb Coe^HHeHHbixi) UlTaTaxt C^b. AMepnKH h xapaKiepHCTHKy ero jiHnii> 
 wb o6m}iTb qepiaxt, nocKOJihKy 9to MOJKeii) HHiepecoBaTb pyccKaro npo- 
 HSBOAHxejia MOJioKa cb TOiKH sp-feHla yjiyquienia MOJioiHaro ^^iaa B'b Poc- 
 ciH nyieMi) saiiMCTBosaHm aMepuKaHCKaro onbiTa n HOB'fefifflHX'E MeiOAOBi, 
 npnM'feHaeMHX'b B'b aiofl CTpant npH paspimeHiH ochobhhx'b npoO-iem^ 
 iipoH3Bo;i;cTBa H cHadJKeniii mojiokomi. KpyriHbix'b HacejienHbix'b i^eHTpoBt. 
 
 ,.Mo.iOKO, — HHrneTi. oj^uvb hsi. KpynH'fefiniHX'b cnen.iajiHcxoB'b no mo- 
 jiOKy, npo^eccopi B. T. CepjKBHKi., — ex. /iipeBH'feHmHxx. BpeMent nojiy^Hiio 
 Bceodmee pacnpocxpanenie h HaHjiyqmyH) penyxai^iio cpe^H nnmeBHiB 
 npoAyKxoBx. qejioBtqecxBa." 
 
 CpaBHnxe.ibHaa /i;emeBH3Ha, nnxaxejibHOCXb, jierKaa nepeBapimocxb >i 
 pa3HOo6pa3Haji (fwpMa ynoxpeSjienia MOJiOKa co3;i;aK)xx. eMy Ka^ecxBa yHii- 
 BepcajibHoii ninmi, no.iib3yK)meHCii Han6o.iibmHM'b /^OBtpieiax. Hacejienm: 
 
 nHxaxe-UbHaH n-ftHHOcxb 1 6yxbiJiKH MOjiOKa paBHaeica: *) 
 ^exbipeMT. naxbiMX> ^ynxa cBHHHHbi, 15 cenx. 3a ^ynx^ 12 ceni. 
 
 % (J)yHxa Maca, oxx. 20 cenxoBi. 3a <|)yHxx. 15 " 
 
 8 MniaMX, 36 cenxoBX, 3a 1 ][V)mvmj 24 " 
 
 3 ^ynxaMi. cB-feacefi pbiSbi, 12 cenxoBx, 3a ^ynxx. 36 " 
 
 % 4>yHTa BexqHHbi, 20 cenxoB'b 3a ^ynxi 12 " 
 
 B'b cpe/tneMx. 22 ccht. 
 
 MeHc;i;y x-^mt, SyxbiJiKa BHcmaro KaqecxBa MOJiOKa B'b 1915 ro,u;y 
 cxoHJia 11 cenxoB'b. 
 
 *) Dr. North, Safeguarding Nature's Most Valuable Food— MILK. 
 
— 6 — 
 
 SHa^eHie MOJio^iHaro xosaficTBa yBejiHiHEaeica cb Kaac^HMt roftOM'b 
 He TOJibKO Bt OTHomeHiH pasMipoBt (|)iiHaHcoBaro oSopoia bi. oOjiacTH 
 ce.iii>CK0-x03aficTBeHH0H npoMLifflJieHHOCTH, HO OHO BHj];BiiraeTi. Ooji-fee Baac- 
 Hyio npo6jieMy caHHxapHaro Ha/];3opa na^'L CHaojKeHieMt mojiokom-b h y;i;e- 
 meBJieHia ero wh 11,'fejiaxi. oociyacHBaHm HanOojiie Ot/tHiiifflnxi) qaciefi 
 HacejieHia KpynHHX'L npoMLiuiJieHHLixi) u.eHipoB'b. 
 
 Ho cTaxHCTH^ecKHMi. saHnHMi. Jl,enapTaMeHTa 3eM.iie/i;'fejim npn $e- 
 AepajibHOMi. npaBHTejibCTBi Coeji;. niiaTOB'b sa 1918 r., MOJio^Hbifi ckoti, 
 (23.284.000 rojiOB-b) oi^tHHBaeTCii Bt 613.639.000 AOJiJiapoBi,. Bee 
 KOJinqecTBO MO-noKa, npoHSBO^HMoe eiKeroAHO bo bcbh cipant, onpe/^'fejiaex- 
 CR B^ 11.590.000.000 raJiOHOBt hjih 84.611.350 ^yHTOB-b. Hst SToro 
 KOJiH^ecTBa nocxynaeTi. na npoHSBOACiBO Macjia h cbipa 46% h 41% 
 MOJiOKa ynoTpeOjiaexcfl bt> jKH^jjEOMt BHfl'fe. 
 
 Bi. BH;[i;ax'b BbrHCHenia pacnpeA'fe.iieHia MOJiOKa cpe^H ropo^CKoro 
 Hacejienm 6biJia npe^npHEHia BecbMa nHTepecnaa paOoia no ropo/i;y 
 PoiecTepi BI. mxaT'fe Hbio-IopK'b. AHKeia oxBaTbiBaeTt oko.io 5000 
 }KHTejieH, pacnpe^'fejieHHbix'b bi. 15 ceKD.mx'b ropoj[i;a bi. saBHCHMOCiH oti> 
 con,iajibHaro h Haii,ioHajibHaro cociaBa HacejieHin. (Cm. Ta6.iim;y ."Ys l-ii 
 Ha 14-H cipaHHHi'fe.) 
 
 Sxa Ta6jiHn;a cb o^'eBH^HOcxbio noKasbiBaeii., ^xo ^nicjieHHOcxb jii'fexen 
 Bx> B03pacx1> AO 5-xH Jitxi. sHaTiHxejibHO Bbime cpeAii aajKiixo^Hbixx. h 60- 
 raxbixX), a KOJimecxBO noxpeSjiJieMaro MOJiOKa paOo^HMH KBapxajiaMH 
 saMtxHO noHHJKaexcii b-b nponopD,iH wb nacejieHiio, pacHOjioiKennoMy bb 
 
 SaJKEXO^HOMX) paHOHt. 
 
 Cpe^Hee noxpeSjienie MOJiOKa cpaBHHxejiBHO ne bbicoko — npnS.in- 
 SHxejibHO o^na mecxaa 6yxbiJiKii na iie.i0Bl3Ka eHceAHeBHO. CpeAHiii 610- 
 AHv'exx. anepHKaHCKoS ceMbH oSesne^HBaexx. efi bhojih^ y^OBJiexBopHxe-ib- 
 Hoe npoAOBO.TibcxBie, necMOxpii na cnjibHoe BSAopojKaHie Hpe^MexoB-B nep- 
 BOH HeoGxoAiiMOcxH. A Me;K,ii;y x^mx. DKOHOMinecKaa cxaxiicxiiKa no- 
 cutAHnxx. .I'hx'B eAHHOsyniHO oxM'feqaexx. HeAOcxaxonnocxb no- 
 xpeSjieniii MOJiOEa oxHacxn Bcn^^cxBie xoro, qxo aMeppiKancKoe nace.ieHie 
 npBAiioqHxaex'B nnxaxbca mhchoh nnmefl. 
 
 IXpo^eccopx. Ko.xyMSiHCKaro ynnBepcnxexa, V. C. lUepMaHX., npeA- 
 npHHAJix. aHKexy cpe^H 92 ceMeMcxBx. cpe^Hefi sajKHxoiiHOcxH b-b Hbio- 
 lopK-fe H nojiy^H.iTi cjitAyiontie BecbMa noKasaxe.TrbHbie pe^y.xbxaiR ko- 
 .TTiT^ecxB'fe H CTOHMOCXH HHinH. HOxpeSjiaeMofi OAHOii ceMbefi eiKe^neBHO. 
 
/ 
 
 IIP0J1,0B0JII>CTBIE AMEPHKAHCKOfI CEMLH. 
 
 Cpe^Hio pacxoAM AMepHKan. HsAepacKn iia npoAOBoabCTsie 
 
 ccMbH eHceAiieEHo pcKOMCH^. npo$. IIIepMaHi. 
 
 Mflco — pbioa 35% 12% 
 
 jl fi ^ a 6% 6% 
 
 MojiOKO 10% 30% 
 
 Ciipt 1% 3a 
 
 Macjio H APyi'ie ;ivHpM 9% 11% 
 
 X.1 t 6i> 15% 13% 
 
 Caxapi. 5% 3% 
 
 OBOmH H (|)pyKTH 13% 17% 
 
 npo(|)eccopi. UlepMaHi, HaxoAHTt, Tro noHH^Kenie noTpeOjema mhc- 
 HHX-b iipoAyKTOBT. c'f. 35% AO 12% H yBejiH^eHie mojio^hhx-b — Ch 
 
 ^Qo/^ 3Qo/^ g^ BHaquxejibHofi M-fep'b OjiaronpiflTejibcxBOBajio 6m npa- 
 
 BHJibHOMv II 6oji'fee BKOHOMHOMy niixaHiio iiacejieHm. 
 
 Hbio-IopKi. aBJiaeica Bejin^aSniHM'b nnmeBbiivix. pHHKOMt bi. Coe^. 
 IllTaTaxT>. CBtA-feHiii o KOJiPiecTBt mimn, noTpeO.iaeMbiH dmwb ropoftOM'b, 
 MH HaxoAHMx. btj cTaTHCTH^iecKHXi, Maxepbajiaxx, Accociai^iii Hbio-IopK- 
 cKHXi. KoMMepcaHTOBX. 3a 1913 roAi.. (Cm. HiiJKenpiiBeAeHHyio Ta6JIH^y). 
 
 OKasHBaeicii, mo h bth cyMMapHbia ffaHHbm KpacHop^^iHBO noATsep- 
 acAaiOT^ t^ cooTHomeHiH pasjiiRHbixx, Kaxeroopifi npoAyKiOB-b, yciaHOB- 
 jieHHbm iipo(|). lIIepMaHOMi, KOTopna cjiyacara ocHOBHbiMH npeAMexaMH 
 nHxania Hbio-IopKCKOH ceMbH. 
 
— 8 — 
 nPOAOBOilbCTBIE rOPOAA HbJO-IOPHA. *) 
 
 HasBanie 
 KHn^eBbixi 
 nposyKTOBt 
 
 KojuuecTBo 
 Bi. ^yHTax 
 
 Ctohmocti. 
 Bt Aoaaapaxt 
 
 ITpoqeHTi o6me5 cto- 
 
 HMOCTii iiiimeB. npoj. 
 
 r. HbH)-IopKa 
 
 MaCO H ;^p. MHCH. 
 
 npo/^yKTH 
 
 800.000.000 
 
 413.600.000 
 
 34% 
 
 MOJIOKO 
 
 800.000.000 
 
 CyTHJIOKI. 
 
 120.000.000 
 
 10% 
 
 Macao 
 
 139.000.000 
 
 (|)yHTOB'I. 
 
 111.200.000 
 
 9.2% 
 
 Cbip^ 
 
 28.956-009 
 
 14.472.004 
 
 1% 
 
 HMii;a 
 
 151.501.630 
 
 127.926.385 
 
 10% 
 
 Xjite-B 
 
 flrOJKHHI. 
 
 900.000.000 
 
 90.000.000 
 
 7.5% 
 
 CaxapTb 
 
 dyjiOKi. 
 400.000.000 
 
 Bt ^yHxaxi. 
 
 40.000.000 
 
 3.3% 
 
 OropoAHHfl OBOmH 
 
 100.000.000 
 
 50.000-000 
 
 4.1% 
 
 KapTo4)eJib 
 
 750.000.000 
 
 30.000.000 
 
 2.5% 
 
 PH6a 
 
 150.000.000 
 
 30.000.000 
 
 2.5% 
 
 Ko(J)e 
 
 45.000.000 
 
 13.000.000 
 
 1% 
 
 Haa 
 
 5.000-000 
 
 3.000.000 
 
 0.2% 
 
 Kpyna h APyrie aep- 
 HOB. npoAyKTH 
 
 5.000.000 
 
 5.000.000 
 
 0.4% 
 
 KOHCepBH Bctxi 
 
 
 
 
 irpO^^yKTOBTb 
 
 BCETO 
 
 150.000.000 
 
 12.5% 
 
 
 1.195.704.389 
 
 AOJI. 
 
 *) Eleven Annual Conrentiofi of the International Milk Dealers Associa- 
 tion, Chicago. December 1918. 
 
— 9 — 
 
 Hpo^eccopi) xHMiii MeAiii^HHCKaro $aKy.iibTeTa Bt KoHejibCKOMt 
 yHHBepciiieT'fe r. ./lycKi), AOKasHBaeii) bi. oahomi. ii3'l cbohxi. ^OK-iaAOBt 
 nepeAi> Mo.iio^iHbiMi> KoMirreioM'L r. Hbio-IopKa, uto: „He ao«i5Kho ohtb 
 Hii OAHOH cejibii cb 5-K) /i;tTbMH, KOTOpaa 6bi noKynajia mhco ji,jia. npo^o- 
 BO.ibCTBia npejK;i;e, wkwb KyniiTb no KpafiHefi M-fep-fe 3 6yTbiJiKH MOJiOKa.-." 
 „Mw, npo/^ojuKaeTT. ohi.— ne MOKeMt oacHji;aTb 3ji;opoBaro oSmecTBeHHaro 
 nHTanm ^o xtx-b nopi., noKa KajK^biH ^Jiewb cxpaHbi ne 6y/i;er]b ynoipeO- 
 aaib no MeHbmefi M-fepi^ % OyibijiKH MOJiOKa eaceAHCBHo". 
 
 MojiOKO npej^CTaBjiaeTi. HCKJiio^HTejibnyio n.'fenHOCTb, kslki, nnn^a ajiti 
 pocxa opraHH3Ma h naiiOojite AemeByro $opMy npoxBHHa. Mojioqeaa 4)ap- 
 Ma ecxb nnxaxejibRbifii u.enxp'b Han,iH. 
 
 Bt, fleKaSp* Mic^t 1918 ro^a nponcxoAHJia Kon^epesi^m cneip- 
 aJiHcxoB-b no MOJio^HOMy ^-fejiy, vjifb 6hjih npe/^cxaBJIeHbI ^^oujiaAw h3t> Kpyn- 
 HtfirnHxi, ropoflOB-b Coe^. UIxaxoBi, (Hbro-IopK-b, $HJia«ejib(|)ia, Bajixn- 
 Mopi., BocxoHi,, HHAiananojiHci h aP-) no caMbiM-b pa3HOo6pa3Hbnirb bo- 
 npocaM-b caHHxapnaro Ha/^3opa EajL,!, nponsBO^cxBOMx. h opraHH3an;iefi 
 CHaSateHia mojiokomX) ropo/^cKnxx. u;eHxpoB'b. Bx, oxnoraeHin noxpeOJienia 
 MOJiOKa Bt r. Hbio-IopK-fe — KOH(J)epeHn;i;i npHnajia cji-fe/^yromyio HopMy, 
 peKOMeH^yeMyH) npo(J). JlycKX,, npo(J». niepManoMi h Jl^-poMi rojin: 
 
 KOJIHHECTBO MOJIOKA, PEKOMEHAYEMOE MR nOTPEBJIEHIfl 
 BB r. HbK)-IOPKt EJKEAHEBHO. 
 
 Bi BospacTt 
 
 BoapacTHuu cocxasi 
 uaceejiuiA 
 
 J[oaa MOJiOKa ua 
 EaacAaro 
 
 BCEro 
 
 MO.IOKa 
 
 ^0 1-ro ro^^a 
 
 130.500 
 
 1 CyxbiJiKa 
 
 130.500 6yT. 
 
 OXX. 1 AO 2 JitTB 
 
 126.700 
 
 % OyxbiJiKH 
 
 95.025 „ 
 
 Ox-b 2 ^0 6 Jiixx. 
 
 1387.900 
 
 V2 OyXHJIKH 
 
 693.950 „ 
 
 OxX) 6 j[0 14 Jiixx. 
 Cxapme 14 Ji-fex^ | 
 
 4.092)342 
 
 14 OyXHJIKH 
 
 
 
 
 1 cxaKani 
 
 1023.098 
 
 BCErO 
 
 5.737492 
 
 
 1.924.573 6yT. 
 
— 10 — 
 
 Ec.in Bsmh dij Hopny iioipeOjieHm MOJiOKa, ocHOBaHHyio na BecLJia 
 cepbesHOMt iKsyueHiH ii cpaBHiiib ee cb KOJinqecTBOM'B MOJiOKa, nocxaBJia- 
 CMbiM e;Ke/iHeBHO bi. Hbio-IopKi. B1. HacTOiffltee Bpena, a imeHHO 1.800.000 
 OyTLwoKT,. TO OKa/KeicH, ^TO OKOJio 10% MOJiOKa, Heo6xo;i;iiMaro ji^jisi Hop- 
 Ma.ibHaro nHiaHiii. Hacejieme r. Hbio-IopKa ne ^^oi/taeit eiKejifleBm. 3to 
 
 06CT0aTe.lbCTB0 II nOCiyJKHJIO O/lHOfi 11.31. CymeCTBeHHWX'b IipHqHH'b B03pa- 
 
 CTaiomaro npoii,eHTa /i.iTCKOH CMepxHOcxH bi. 6t;i,H'feflmHX'b KBapxajiaxt 
 r. Hbio-IopKa. 
 
11 — 
 
 B"b MEM-b SAK/llOMAETCa HOBtt^llJAa RPOBJIEMA 
 MOJIOMHAPO A"E>/1A B"b COBPEMEHHOW AlVlEPI/IHt. 
 
 C-B HeoOLMaflHMM'B pocTOMi. aMepHKaHCKHXi. ropo^OB-L 3a nocjit/^Hia 
 25 — 30 jiix-B noTpe6HOCTb bi> CB'feHceM'L MOJiOKi yBejunnBaerca Bt rpo- 
 Ma^HLixt pasMipaxi). 
 
 BM'feCTi CTy T^MI) BOSHHKaeTI. BOnpOCb BO BCett erO CJIOJKHOCTH o6i> 
 
 yjiyqmeHiii Ka^iecTBa MOJiOKa h nojinoM'B oSesBpeacHBamH ero bi. KanecTB'fe 
 pacnpocxpaHiiTe.ia sapasHBix'B Sojiisnefl cpeji;H ropo/i;cKoro Hacejiema. 
 CTapaa ciicTeMa cHaOjKeHia mojiokom'b ciaHOBHTCii Henpuro/ijHofi. Hobh^ 
 paciipe7i;ijiHTejibHHH MexannsMi. MOJiOKa, CKJiaAbieaiicb h coBepmeHCTByacB 
 BecbMa Me^jieHHO, ^BiLncii pesy.ibTaTOMi) nanpaaceHHOH paSoibi opraHOBi. 
 ropo/i;cKoro caMoynpaBJienia ii /ipyrnxt saiiHTepecoBaHHbixi. oSmecTBeH- 
 nuTb yiipeavAeniH, ynpocTHBi. liwb caMbiMi. saj^aiiy caHHTapHO-MeAin];HH~ 
 CKaro Ha^sopa. 
 
 ITo^TH flo SO-Tb ro^OBt npomjiaro cTOJi'feTia bo bc^xI) aMepimaH- 
 CKHXt ropoji;axi. mojioko nocTynajio na pbiHOKt He HHaqe, KaKTb cnaroe, 
 no/iiM'fefflaHHoe h pasBe^enHoe BOfloft. 
 
 JiHmb cb 1885 ro;i;a ;i;'fejiaK)T'b nepBbie onbiTbi CHCTeMaTH^ecKaro h3- 
 cjit^OBaHm MOJiOKa nyxemb coSripaHiii MOJioiHbix'b oSpasnjOB'b cb ot^^jib- 
 HbixT) ^epMi. ^Jiii XHMHKO-daKTepiojiorHiecKaro anajinsa bi, ropo^^CKHxt 
 jaOopaTopiiixi.. 
 
 Bt. 8T0 BpeMa Bce mojioeo nociaBJiJiJiocB ebi, npoBHHii;iH ^epMepann 
 HenocpejCTBeHHO ropo/i;cKOMy noTpedHiejiio npeHMymecTBenHO na Jioma- 
 ji^siK'h. H xoTH noTpeSnTejiB otjihtiho sHaji'B CBoefo nocTaBmrnta, o^HaKO, 
 npoH3BOfl;cTBO MOJiOKa npoHcxo;i;HJio npn ycjiOBiaxT. nojiHaro oxcyiCTBiH 
 co6jiio;i;eHm 9jieMeHTapHBixi npaBHJii) caHHiapiH. 
 
 Ji^asme b'b nacTOJimee BpeMJi, Kor;i;a npHHjiTBi qpeaBbnafiHO pasHooO- 
 
 paSHBia H pimHTejIBHBia M^pBI HaASOpa H KOHTpOJia 3a npOHSBOJllCTBOM'B 
 
 MOJiOKa, onacHOCTB pacnpocTpaneHm Bira;i;eMHqecKHx^ Sojiisnen: TyOep- 
 Kyjieaa, TH^a, CKapjiaTHHBi, ^H^Tepnia h pasjrnqHHX'b bh^ob^ noHoca 
 qepes-B sarpasneHHoe mojioko, othioab He MHHOBajia, noTOMy ^to aMe- 
 
— 12 — 
 
 pHKaHCKifi oObiBaTejib He MiyiteTi> o6biKHOBeHifl KMnaiMTb mojioko h npe^- 
 no'iHTaeT'L ynoTpe6jriiTb ero bt. cbipoM'b Bi^t. 
 
 ^JlrV^ Posenay HSCJi'fe/iiOBaji'b 551 o6pa3i],OB'b cbiporo MO.iOKa bi. ropo- 
 AaxT> ^IiiKaro, Hbio-IopK'b, BamnHrxoH'b, Po'iecTep'b h t. a- " Hameji'b B'b 
 46 (h.ih 8.3%) oCpaaimxT. Ty6epKy;ie3Hbm 6aii;HJiJbi. CooacHO flpyroro 
 aBTopHTexHaro iiCTO^miiKa *) — bt. 1914 ro^y 6bijio oOHapyjKeno 194 ly- 
 6epKyjie3Hbix'b KopoBbi nsi. 632 ocBHA'bTejibCTBOBaHHbix'b. Haxo/i,iiBinHxcfi 
 B'B HaHOoji-fee oCpasi^OBbiXT. MOJio'mbix'b <|)epMaxT.. 
 
 ^-p-b ^lap.ibCT. E. Hop'fb B-b CBoeMT. iigcjiiAOBaniii : „no»ieMy mojioko 
 AOJiJKHO 6HTb nacxepusoBaHo" saMtqaeTX. cjiliAyiomee — ,,25% Bctxb 
 CMepiHHXT. cjiyqaeBi. npuxoAHica Ha ^'feTefi bx, Bospacxi ^o naxH jiixx.''. 
 
 „Bo.ibme A'txeH yMiipaex'b ox-b BHyxpeHHHX'b Soji-fesHeH, q'feM'b ox^ 
 ^^pynixT. npuquHi.. Jl^^TCK'dR nHiu,a cocxoHX'b rjiaBHbiM'b oopasoM-b hsi. 
 MOJiOEa, OHO H iiBJiaexca BaacHifirnHMx. HH4)eKu,iOHHbiMX, pacnpocxpaHH- 
 xejieMX. BaOo.i'feBaHia h cMepxHOcxH". 
 
 HaMx> Hi^xT> HeoSxoAHMOcxH yMHOacaxb npHBeji;eHHbie ^aKXbi, qxo6bi 
 ^o;^XBepAHXb coBepmeHHO oqeBHji;HyK) iicxHHy o nary6H0Mx> BJiiflHiH ynox- 
 peSjienia ne nacxepHSOBannaro MO.xoKa. 
 
 ^) Twenty Eighth Annual Eeport Maas. Agricultural Ex., St. 31. 
 
— i; 
 
 CAHMTAPHbia yCilOBia nPOMSBOACTBA MOJIOKA. 
 
 HaHoo.Tbe paHHia Mipw camiTapiiuro KUHTpo.^a Ha^ij iipoHSBO^- 
 CTBOM'i. MOJiOKa oH.iii iipeAnpiiHaxbi IllTaTHbiMii DpaBiiTejibCTBaMH npo- 
 TiiBi, pa36aB.ieHiii MOJiOKa boaoh ii APyniMii cypporaraMii, IIpaKTHKyH)I^e- 
 eca. H AO chxtb iropi) bt. JOjkhhx'l h I^eHipa.ibHwxf. lIlTaxax'b. 
 
 Bt HacTOjiinee speMa SeMJieAi.iMecKia ^enapiaMeiiTbi lIIxaTHbix-b 
 HpaBiiTejiLCTBi. ycraHOBHJiH ii,ah ^epMepoBi, oiipeA'fe.ieHHbifi cTaHAapTi. xh- 
 MHiecKaro cociaBa MO.iOKa, iiociynaioiuaro na ropocKOfl pwHOKi. bi, jkh^- 
 KOM^b BHA*. Maji-bHinee oxcxyn.ieHie on. axoft HopMbi npeciiAyexcii Becb- 
 Ma cypoBHMii HaKasanijiMH. *). 
 
 Ha npaKXHf^'fe nHcneKipa orpaHii^iiiBaexca onpe^'fejieHieMi. xojibKO 
 acHpa, II, eciii mojioko He saK.iioqaex'b 3-i/^% JKiipa, xo oho ne AonycKaexca 
 EX. npoAa/Ky bx> EaqecxBlj cxojiOBaro MO.iOKa. llHcneKH^a npoii:3BOAnxca pe- 
 ryjiJipHbiMx. oOx.'fesAOMx. no (|)epMaMx. npeACxaBiixejiaMH „llIxaxHaro Bwpo 
 3AopoBba" II, KpoM'b xoro, Bct KOMnanin, HM-feiomm MOjio'iHbia ^eno bX) ro- 
 poAax^, oOasaHbi npeAcxaB.iaxb bx. ropoACKia .laSopaxopin ejKeAHeBHO 
 o6pa3u;bi MOJiOKa npeAHasHa^ienHaro A-ia pasBOsa ropoACKHMX> noxpeCnxe- 
 jiaMx>. 
 
 Rtj cbok) oyepeAb, Bct nacxepnsaiijioHHbie saBOAbi hm^ioxx. y ce6a 
 HeOojibuiia JiaOopaxopin, bx. Koxopbixx. iicnbixbiBaexca mojioko npeacAe, 
 liMX. oho nocxynaexx> bx. oyxbLiOMHyio paa.iHBKy. 
 
 Becb MOJtoqHbiH ckoxx. naxoAHxca noj^i, cneii,iajibHbiMX. HaASopoM'b 
 UIxaxHbixx, BexepHHapoBx., Koxopbie noABepraioxx, ocMOxpy KaHvAyio Kopo- 
 By (MO-noMHyio) bx. onpeA'liJieHHi.i# iipoMeiKyxKii BpeMenn h cnaSiKaiox^ 
 (|)epMepoBx. cooTBikxcxByiomHMH CBHAiiTe.'ibCTBaMH Ha npaBO Aoenia KopoBx.. 
 
 3a HOCJi-feAHee BpeMii ^epMepa Bce name Ha^HHaroxx. oprannsoBaxb- 
 ca BX. cnen;ia.ibHbie KOonepaxHBbi hoat. HasBanieMx.: „Accociaitiii Ilcnw- 
 xania KopoBx.", no.iyiHBmiixx, homxii iiOBceMtcxHoe pacnpocxpaneHie. 
 8xH KoonepaxHBbi nocxoaHHO coxpyAHH^iaiOTT, ex. ITIxaxHbiMH .3eM.xeA'i5.ibne- 
 
 *) McNutt. The Modern Milk Problem, N. Y., 1917. 
 
14 — 
 
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 iHcao aOMOBl 
 
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 Ihcjio a^Tefi Ao 5 
 
 jitxH. RospacTa 
 
 KoJinM. MOjioKa no- 
 
 Tpe6ji. eatCAneBHo 
 
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— 15 — 
 
 CKHMH 8KCnepHMeHTajIbHHMH CTaHII,iaMH II J];OCTHraK)TI. 3Ha^HTeJIbHI>IXT> 
 
 pesyjibTaTOBt bi. /ij'feji'fe, KaKi yjiyimeHia nopo^i. MOJiO'qHaro CKOxa, laKi. 
 H npiiMijHeHiii pai],iOHajiLHbixi> MeTOAOBt ero KopMJieHiii h co^epKaHiii bt. 
 Dj'fejiJixi. yBejiHiieHm iipoH3BO/i;cTBa MOJiOKa. 
 
 0praHH3ai];m caHiiiapHaro na^sopa m> pasjiH^Huxt mTaiaxt iiM'fc- 
 eri) CBOH ocoOeHHOCTii h noAJieaciiT'L Bt^'feHiio MHoroqncjieHHHX'b y^ipejK- 
 ;^eHifl: „IIlTaTHLix'b Biopo 3/i,opoBbii", „CaHHTapHbix'b Biopo ckotoboa- 
 CTBa", „npoAOBOJibCTBeHHbix'b KOMiicciil", „CoB'bTOB'b OOmecTBGHHaro 3^0- 
 poBbJi" (npii ropo/];cKOM'b YnpaBjieHiii) iiJiii Jl,eiiapTaMeHTa SeM-iej^tjiia". 
 
 BT) Bii/i;axT. KOop/i;HHau,iii Ji;'feiiTejibHOCTii 9Tiix'b yiipe}K/i,eHii1 h ycra- 
 
 HOBJieHia TOJKAGCTBeHHblX'b HOpMl. no IIHCTpyKTIipOBaHilO (|)epMepOB'L, B'L 
 
 nocjii/ilHee BpeMa 3aM'feyaeTCii KOHi^eHxpai^ia: Mojo^iiiaro KOHipojiii b^ cne- 
 HjiajibHbixTj Mojio^iHbiXT^ KoMiiTeiax'b npii miaTHbix'b npaBiiTejibCTBaxi. luii 
 ropoj],CKHX'b caMoynpaBJienrnxT., Ky^a exo/iht^ npe/i,CTaBnTejiH Bcfexi) 3a- 
 HHTepecoBaKHbix-b 11 KOMneTeHTHbix-b yqpeH{ji;eHiH. 
 
 9th KoMiiieTbi H3y^iai0T'b ^i^jio na Miciaxi. nyieM'b pa3CbiJiKH (|)ep- 
 MepaMi) pa3pa6oTaHHbix'b aHKexi., opraHH3aii,ieH peryjiapHbixT. ci>'fe3flOBT>, 
 
 nOCblJIKH Ha MifeCTa CaHHTapHblXX. HHCneKTOpOBI), KOTOpbie HBJIillOTCa, BMii- 
 
 CT'fe c^ TiiMi), coB'feTHHKaMH — nHCTpyKTopaMii HO npaBH.ibHOMy oOopyAO- 
 BaHiio MO.ioqHbix'L ^epMx., ^eMOHcxpaTopaMii hobhxx. annapaxoBX) h npo- 
 Tinxx. ycoBepmeHcxBOBaHin bx> mo.iio^ihomX) xosHficxB'fe. 
 
 CX) u,'fejibio paciipocxpaHeHm caHiixapHO-rnrieHimecKiixx. SHanin, bx. 
 Koxopbixx. cxojib ocxpo iicHbixbiBaexcii He/i;ocxaxOKX) cpe/i;H AMepiiKancKHX'b 
 (|)epMepoBx>, Mojio^Hbie KoMHxexbi Be^yxX) bgiojij mnpoKyio nponaraH^y 
 nyxeMX. ycxpoiicxBa o6pa3inoBbixx. (|)epMX. sa CBon c^iexx., BbicxaBOEX. CKOxa 
 H MOJio^iHbixx. annapaxoBx., .leKnifi ii ony6.inEOBaHieMX> BJieMeHxapHbix'b 
 KHiiHieKx. HO caMbiMx. pasHOOopasHLiMx. BonpocaMX), cBii3aHHHMx> ex. yjiy^- 
 inenieMX) iiaqecxBa MOJiOKa. Cx> bxoh ;Ke r^'fejibio (|)epMepaMx> nasnaiaioxcii 
 noomp!ixe.xbHbia npejiiH sa BHcoKO-Ka^iecTBeHHoe mojioko, nocxaBjiiieMoe 
 BX. oiipeAli.ieHHOMx. KO.niFiecxB'fe (1 ceHTX. sa Ka;K/];Ha 40 OyxbiJiOKX. MOJiOEa, 
 Bx. KOxopoMX, OKajKexca Menbuie ycxanoBjieHHaro cxan^apxa 6aKxepifl — 
 25.000 na o;];hhx> Ky6. caHTiiMeTpx>). 
 
 BblCUIHMX) KOHXpOJIbHblMX. OpraHOMX.. 05X)eAnHiTI0mHMX> BCti MOJIO^Hbie 
 
 KOMHTexbi OT;i;'3f5.iibHbixx. mxaxoBX. — aBjiiiexca .,Hai^ioHa.iibHaii KoMHccia 
 no CxaHAapa.xHsanin ]\Io.ioKa".*) Bcfe caHiixapHO-xexHn^iecKiH M^fjpbi, pe- 
 KOMeHAyeMbia 9xoh KOMHCciefi /i;.'iii npoBe^enia bX) jkhshb Mojio^hhmh Ko- 
 •iMHTexaMH, cBOflaxcfl Kx. cTfeAyromeMy: 
 
 *) Bi BamHHrTOHi npn J^enapTaMCHTi Beiiaeai^iia. 
 
— 16 — 
 
 1. OSopyAOBaHie ;i;ocTaTonHaro KOJiH^ecTBa jraSopaiopifi b-b npoBHH- 
 ii,m ropoAaxi) j];jia oaKTepiojionmecKaro HSCTfej^OBaHia MOJiOKa h cxe- 
 neHH ero sarpasHenia bo Bcfex-B ^asaxt npoii,ecca npoii3Boji;cTBa, xpane- 
 Hia H TpaHcnopxHpoBaHifl otI) (jbepMepa ^o ropo;i;cKoro ;i;eno. 
 
 OSopyflOBanie xaKiixi. Jiaoopaiopifi o^HOTHnHaro xapaKiepa oSxo^ht- 
 ca OTL 200 jno 500 AOJi.iapoBi.. 
 
 Bh HHXI. M03KH0 npOHSBOAHTb OTi 100 ffO 200 HcnHTamH paBJIH^I- 
 
 Hiixt o6pa3i];oBi. MOJiOKa ejKej^HeBHO. 
 
 2. Ha6.iiK);^eHie 3a Ha^jiejKamuMi) co^^epji^ameMt MOJioqnaro CKOia: 
 ii,eMeHTHHe nojibi b-b ciofijiaxT), xopomaa BeHTHJumiH, Kynante h MHihe 
 KopoBi), TmaiejibHoe o6MBiBaHie BWMeHii nepeAi* ji;oeHieMi.. 
 
 3. Ha6jiH);];eHie 3a caaiiTapHHM'L npoiisBOACTBOM'b MOJiOKa: ciepH- 
 .iH3ai];m Bcet MOJioqnofi nocyAH nepe;i;i. ^oeHieM-B, npHM-feneHie ^Jia ^oeHla 
 MOJiOKa Be;i;epi) cb HaKJiOHHLiMii ropjiajiii, npe^ynpeiKjiaionuix'L sarpas- 
 Henie MOJiOKa; ^ohtb ne imane, KaKt cyxHMii, MiicTbiMii pyKaMii; Beci> 
 pa6oqifi nepcoHajii) ^o nocTynjienia Ha CJiy:K6y ji,oji'Mewb no;i;BepraTbca 
 MeAHii,nHCEOMy ocBi^'feTejbCTBOBaHiio H BO Bpena pa6oTbi nojib3yeTC}J 
 6'hjiuwb xo.imeBiiMi. OtJibeMX. 
 
 4. MojiOKO AOJiHHO coxpaHaTbca ii;o oiiipaBKii ch (|)epMbi n bo bc^xt. 
 nocjii^yiomHXi CTa;i;iaxi> nepeji;BinKeHia b-b xcjio^HOM-b noM-femeHin co 
 jIB/i;om'B hjih noM-femaiBca bI) cnei],ia.iiBHBie cocy;i;Bi cb xojio;i;Hoii bo^oS 
 TaKHM'B o6pa30Mx., qT06Bi TeMnepaiypa MO.iOKa Bcer;i;a ;i;epacajiacB bi. 
 ]Ipe;^'feJIax'B 40 — 50° no ^apeHregiy. 
 
 5. Ho B03M0HCH0CTH, OTT> Ka5K^oii napiiii MOJiOKa, OTnpaB.iiaeMaro 
 Cb (J)epMBi Bi. KOHii;eHTpai^ioHHBm ciaHi^iH, pacnojiojKeHHBm Ha acejitBHBix'b 
 ;i;oporaxx., Spaxb o6pa3i];Bi ii 3;ocTaBjiaTB b-b 6.iir/KaHmyio otb (|)epMepa 
 iipaBHTejiBCTBeHHyio hjih o6u];ecTBeHHyK) (ropoACKyio hjih KOonepaTHBHyio) 
 jiaCopaiopiK) /i;jia OaKiepiojionraecKaro H3C.TfeA0BaHia. 
 
 Pe3yjiBTaTBi HpoBeAenia BBimeyKasaHHBix'B M'fep-B canHiapHO - koh- 
 xpojiBHofi aflMHHHCTpai^iH MoryTTi 6BnB HJiJiiocTpHpoBaHH cji-fe/tyromnMH 
 
 KpaCHOptqHBBIMH (|)aKTaMH 113% TipaKTHKH MOJIO^HOII HHJ^yCTpiH. 
 
 Bi 1917 ro;i,y SaKTepiojioriraecKia Hdibnania MOJiOKa no BcejS cipa- 
 fffe fl;ajiH BT. cpe^^neMi. 30.103 OaKiepift na 1 Ky6. caHTHMeipi) na KajK/i;Bifi 
 
— 17 — 
 
 oopaseu'L cuporo MO.iOKa, Bsaiaro Henocpeji;cTBeHHO ct. mojo^ihoh (|)epMi>i: 
 BT) 1918 ro^y T-fe iKe iicnbixaHia /i;ajiii .10.097 GaKTepifi Ha 1 Ky6. caHiH- 
 Meipi). 
 
 Ha MOJio^Hofi KOHi],eHTpaii;ioHHo2 CTaHi];iH — CnapivT,, bi. uiTaT-fe Mapn- 
 jiBHAt, 28 (|)epMepoB'i>, nocTaBjiaBmaxii eme^neBHO mojioko bI) ^HJia^ejib- 
 ()f)iH), BCJi'fe^CTBie ycoBepmeHCTBOBania caHiiTapHO-rnrieHnqecKHXi Meio- 
 ]i,owb floeHia h xpaHenia MOJiOKa, corjiacHO BbimeynoMaHyTbixi HHCTpyK- 
 i],it, noHiisHJiH B-b le^ieHie 6-TiiHe;^'fejibH0H npaKTiiKH cb 2.000.000 no 
 40,000 6aKTepifi Ha 1 Ky6. caHT. 
 
 ^pyrofi onbiTi> 6bM'b npoHSBe^^emb na mojio^hoh KOHi];eHTpan,ioHHofi 
 CTaHi];iH KejibTOHi, b-b lUTaTij IleHCHJibBaHiii, oOciyHcnBaiomefi mojiokomi. 
 r. $HJia;i;ejib(|)iH), noA'b pyKOBOACXBOMi. ^-pa C. E. Hopia, ^HpeKiopa 
 „C'feBepHaro Biopo 06nj,ecTBeHHaro 3j];opoBba", kotophh onncbiBae'Tb btotb 
 oiawh BTb Qjiflowb H3T. CBOHXT. ji;0Kjia;i;0BT. cjiijiiyiomHMi. o6pa30M'b: 
 
 jjBes'B BCiiKaro npe/^ynpeaiji;eHm na cTaHDjiio EejibTOH'b 6biJio no- 
 cjiaHO HicKOJibKO OaKxepiojioroBi., KOTopbie bt. Teqenie 6 ^Hefi, ct. 29-ro 
 Mapia no 5-oe anpijiH, 6pajiH o6pa3n,bi MOJiOKa ji;jia SaKxepiojiorHqecKaro 
 HBcii^^oBanm hb^ Ka5K;i;aro MOJioinaro cocy;i;a, BM'fecTiiMOCTbio bi. 40 6y- 
 THJiOKi, npHBOBHMaro ciofla e5Ke/i;HeBH0 cb 54 MOJioimbiXT. $epMT&, na- 
 xofl;HBnraxca bi. to Bpena b'b Kpafine aHTHcaHHTapHbixi> yciOBiaxi.. 
 
 „naTaro anpifejia a. BHSBajii 10 (|)epMepoB'B, TpeHHpoBanHbix'B mhoio 
 vh pafioHi MOjioqEoft cTaHii;iH OKC^op^i., bi inraT'fe IleHCHJibBaHiii, Tji^h 
 nojiyiaJiHCb peKop^Hbie peayjibTaxbi 6aETepiojiorHqecEHX'B Hacjii/^OBaHifi 
 MoaoKa, BCJitjijCTBie SHaqHTejibHbix-b yjiyqmeHitt caHHxapHHX'b ycjiOBm ;i;o- 
 enia h xpaHenm MOJiOKa. C'b okc(|)Op/i;ckhmh (|)epMepaMH a Haqaji-b ;i;eMOH- 
 CTpai];iH) Ha 10 KejibiOHCKHX'b ^epmaxi. 5-ro anpijia npn co6jiio^eHiH 
 cji'fesyK)ni;HX'b ycjiOBifi: 
 
 „1. ^oenie npoH3BO/i;HJiocb cyxHMH pyKaMn b-b Be;i;pa ch naKJioH- 
 
 HMMH rOpJIblfflKaMH, nM'felOmHMH 5 ^^lOHMOBI. BX. ^^iaMGTp'fe. 
 
 „2. Tn^aiejibHoe BbiMbisaHie n CTepH.iiisai];!^ MOjroqnbix'b Beji;epx> h 
 
 Sh^OHOB^ T1;JI^ ipaHCnOpTHpOBKH MOJiOKa, 
 
 „3. 3axojiajKHBaHie MOjiOKa nyxeM'B noM-femenm Sh^ohobi Bt 6aHKH 
 C'B xojiOflHOfi (40° ^apenrefiTa) Bo;[i;oa hjih jib^OMTb. 
 
 *) lapflbst HopTi. J^oKJIa;^H, noMimeHRbie bi oTqeiaxi ,,2-ro Ciisjiia J^-battzm 
 no MoaoqHOMy aiay". 1918 r. Hwo-IopKX. 
 
18 — 
 
 4. Bo Bpena floema ObiJiii iipimaTH Mtpw kl TOJiy, iitooli Bt mojio- 
 KO He npoHHKajia nmib hs-l Bos^yxa. Hpii jiioeHiH npiicyTCiBOBa-iH He 
 
 TOJIbKO COOCTBeHHHKH 10 KeJIbTOHCKHXl. (|)epM'b, HO II MHOrO HOCTOpRHnXX 
 
 ^epMepoBi.. 
 
 Kl) 6-HM'b 'lacaMTb Beuepa floeHie Omjio oKOHiieno ii yxpoM'b 6-ro An- 
 piji^ MOJiOKO 6bijio AOciaBJieHO Ha CTaHn,iio KejibiOHi. nofli) mohmi. Ha6- 
 jiK)/i;eHieM'b, r^'b T-fe-Ke OaKTepiojiorn npoHssejiH anajiHsi) oOpasii.OB'b mo- 
 
 JIOKa Cb 9THX'b ^epMi). 
 
 „Pe3yjibTaTM anajiHsa MOJiOKa xix^ iKe KopoBij sa uiecib npe;i;ffle- 
 CTByioinHXTj H o^HH-b HOCJitAyromifi AGHb, Hpe^jjCTaBnjincb Bi) cjiij^yronteMi 
 BHA'fe : 
 
 BAKTEPIO/lOrHHECHIE OHblTbl HAA"b IV10J]0H0IV|-b 
 
 K0JIH»ieCTB0 
 
 6aKTepiii 
 Ha 1 Kyo. 
 caHTHMei'i). 
 Ci (JtepiMU 
 
 AOEHIE KE;ibT0HCKHMl1 <5>EPMEPAM11. 
 
 28 Mapxa 30 Mapia 1 anp'fejiii 2 anpiM 3 anptM 5 anpiaa 
 
 }& 1 
 
 3C» 2 
 
 Jg 3 
 
 3^ 4 
 
 Jfs 5 
 
 J^o 6 
 
 Al 7 
 
 A^2 8 
 
 ;ni 9 
 
 J£ 10 
 
 1.200.000 1.600.000 
 
 570.000 
 2.000.000 
 5.000.000 
 
 290.000 
 
 1.400.000 
 
 11.000 
 
 4.000.000 
 
 1.400.000 
 
 910.000 
 
 700.000 
 
 5.000.000 
 
 1.000.000 
 
 9.000 
 
 2.100.000 
 
 800.000 
 
 60.000 
 
 95.OU0 
 
 810.000 
 
 3.000.000 
 
 1.600.0U0 
 
 600.000 
 
 320.000 
 
 2.200.000 
 380.000 
 
 60.000 
 2.800.000 
 
 380.000 
 1.200.000 
 1.000.000 
 3.000.000 
 
 540.000 
 1.600.000 
 
 57.000 
 
 680.000 
 
 1.000.000 
 
 940.000 
 
 2.600.000 
 8.000.000 
 
 56.000 
 1.110.000 
 
 1.830,000 
 1.520.000 
 4.830.000 
 4.000.000 
 1.450.000 
 3.600.000 
 600.000 
 
 700.000 
 500.000 
 
 7& 1 
 
 ^ 2 
 
 7& 3 
 
 M 4 
 
 ^ 5 
 
 AOEHIE OKC*OPACKMMM MO/IOMHMKAMM 
 
 AIIPMfl 6-rO: 
 
 3.300 
 3.100 
 4.6Q0 
 7.000 
 4.100 
 
 ^ 6 61.000 
 
 ^^7 800 
 
 ^^ 9 1.600 
 
 J^= 10 5.600 
 
— 19 — 
 
 HacToamaii Ta6.iHi],a noKa3biBaeTT> nopa3HTejibHbifl KOHipacT'b mok- 
 ^y KOJiH^ecTBOMT) SaKiepifi b-b mojiok'S, nojiyqeHHOM'b ;];eciiTbio KejibxoH- 
 CKHMH (|)epMepaMH H /i;ecHTbio okc(|)op;i;ckhmh on, rbTb me caMbixi. ko- 
 
 pOBI.. 
 
 BbimeonHcaHHa^ ;[i;oMeHCTpai],iji HEjineTca HpKOfi xapaKTepncTiTKoS 
 pojiH OHHTHaro (|)epMepa bI) npoHSBOACTB'fe HHCiaro MOJiOKa; (|)epMa jkg ca- 
 Ma no ce6i HM-feexi) sHa^enie BTopocxeneHHaro (|)aKToffa bi. npoii,ecct 
 caHnTapH3ai],iH MOJio^HOfi npoMbimjieHHOcxH. *). 
 
 JlH)6onbiTHO OTM-feiHTb s^-fecb, ^iTO MexaHH^ecKle annapaiH jiJisi j^oenia 
 He nojiy^iHJiH uiHpoKaro pacnpocTpaHenm b'b AMepHK'fe, Tawb KaKi> Bct 
 onbiTH cb MexaHHnecKHM'b ji^oeniewb He mofjih ycipaHHTb xpn cymecTBy- 
 lomnx-b Ae<|)eKTa HOBOHSoOp'feTeHHbix'b MamHHT): 1) noBpe;K/i;eHie coch.obt. 
 H BHcacbiBanie KpoBH, 2) TexHH^ecKaa cjiOHJKOCTb oOopy^OBaHm annapa- 
 TOBi., H 3) Kpafinaji saipy^HHTejibHOCTb BHMbiBaTb nocji'fe ^oema pesH- 
 HOBBM qacTH annapaia. 
 
 PasM^fepbi HacTOinn;et paSoTbi ne noBBOJiinoTi) no;i;po6H'fee ocTaHOBHTb- 
 ca Ha rjiaBH'feflniHX'b HCTO^HHKax'b, o6cjiyjKHBaK)ni;HX'b BbicoKoe co/i;epa«;aHie 
 SaKTepifi B'b MOJiOK-fe, ho SHeprHinaa paQoia aMepHKancKHX'b BeiepHHa- 
 poB-b, arpoHOMOB-b H MOJioiHbix'b caHHTapoB-b /i;ajia 6jiecTiimie ycnixH B'b 
 OTHomeniH caHHTapH3aD;iH MOJio^naro ^tjia B'b AMepHK'fe nyieM'b no- 
 SyjEAenm (|)epMepoB'b, B'b HX'b ace HHiepecax'b, iipaKTHKOBaTb cji-fe^yio- 
 ni,m M'fepbi: 1) oOcjiyacHBaTb (|)epMy cB'feKett boaoh, 2) ^lacToe Eynanbe 
 KopoB'b, 3) n;eMeHTHbie hojih B'b CTOfi.nax'b, 4) ^oenie npoHSBO^nib B'b 
 cnen;iajibHOM'b HOMifemenm h OTHro^b ne B'b CT0HJiaxT>, 5) o6ii3aTejibHoe 
 Ty6epKyjie3Hoe H3CJi'feA0BaHie MOJio^naro CKOia, 6) MbiTbe n cTepHJiH3aD;isi 
 MO-io^iHofi nocyji;bi. 
 
 HaniH HaSjiKAeHia na aKcnepHMeHTajibHErxi cTaHn;iiix'b noKasbiBa- 
 lOT'b, 1T0 npoBe/i;eHie BbmieyHOMaHyTbix'b M'fep'b no caHHTapH3an,iH npons- 
 B0/i;cTBa MOJiOKa ne oSpeMenaeT'b 4>epMepa aKCxpennbiMH nsAepacKaMn h, 
 B'b KoneqnoM'b HTorf, Moacei'b y^opojEHTb npoH3BO/i;cTBO oahoh SyxbijiKH 
 MOJiOKa, Ma.KCHMyM'b, Ha 1 cenra, B'b to BpeMa, KaK'b na pbiHKife mojioko, 
 OTB'feMaion^ee BC'feM'b cnen;H(|)Hn;HpoBaHHbiM'b nopMaM'b cannTapnaro koh- 
 Tpojia, oi^^HHBaeTCii na 6 ceniOB'b ^opoace, n^M'b oSbninoe, neKBajiH^H- 
 n,HpoBaHHoe mojiokq. 
 
 *) Cm. no BTOMv Bonpocy pa6oTy ,vpa HopTa The Dairyman Versus — "The Dairy.' 
 
— 20 — 
 
 nACTEPM3AU,m MOJIOHA. 
 
 ;i,aBHO y:Ke npiisHanu, uro cupue mu.iuko iipeAcraBJiHeTb HaHOOJib- 
 myio onacHOCTb b-l KaqecxB-fe pacnpocTpaHiixe.ia nH({)eKn(ioHHbix'i. dojits- 
 HeH. 
 
 Bi) 1889 r. Obi.ia npoiiSBej^ena iiepsaa nonHiKa wb Hbro-IopKl} noji,^ 
 pvi.-OBO/i.cTBOM'b /1,-pa r, KoH.iiiKi. oOesBpeiKHBaib cHpoe mojioko iiyieM-b 
 corpi^Baiiin ero bi> OyxbUKaxb iipn TeMnepaTvpt bt> 185° — 195° no $a- 
 peHre.MTy. 
 
 IlaBicTHbiii ^iLiaHipoii'L, HaiaiTb Ulipaycb, Bt i],'fejiax'b 6opbGH cl 
 ;^tTCKofl cMepiHOCTbio, ooopy/i.OBaji'b bi 1893 ro^y iiepBoe ]i,Jisi nacTepaaa- 
 i4h Aeiio B'h Hbio-Iopirb, oiity/^a Owjio Bw^aHO oesnjiaxHO, aa Bpena cb 
 IioHH ;i;o Hoiiopji, 3-1.000 OyxbiJiKH nacxepHSOBaHHaro MO.iOKa Otji.HHMb 
 X^TMi'b. Ha ciiAyiomm roAi> Obuio po3;i,aHO 306.440 OyxbiJiOK'b ii peayjb- 
 xaxbi OKaaa.iiicb cxo.ib O.iaroxBopHu Ha os^opoBJieHie ^txefi, mo „BK)po 
 OOmecxBeiinaro SAopoBba" ii HtKOxopbw OjiaroxBopuxejibHbw yqp«Kji;e- 
 Hifl Haqa.in pacmiipaxb A'feaTc.ibHOcxb MO.TiOMHbix-b Jl^eno j[]ia. Oean.iaxHaro 
 KOpMJieHiii ^txeii ii B-b 1906 r. bx, xeMenie Ji-fexa 6huo posj^ano bx> Hbio- 
 lopitlj 3.140.252 OyxbiJiKH iiacxepn30BaHHaro MOJiOKa. KaKX. 9xo ne cxpan- 
 Ho, A^TCKiii MOJio^HHii }i,euo II nociyHcn.iii oaBHOH npuquHofi pasBuxiii bx> 
 AMepHKt nacxepHsaiyii MOJioi,-a. 
 
 JlyiimeH Hjuiiocxpauieu .iHaueniii IIacxepH3a^iII Moryxx, cjiyJKHxb Ha6- 
 jimeaia. BpaMefi, iiponsBeAeHiibm bt> a'^xckomt, rocnnxa.ii'b Ha PaHAajib- 
 cKOM'b ocxpoBlj, TAi coAepHcaxcfl A'I>Tii, noKiuiyxbia poAiixejiUMH h hoaoo- 
 paHHbiJi Ha y.imi,axx. Hbio-IopKa. 
 
 I-IiiJKenpnBeAeHHaii xaojiiiua noKasHBaexb nonniKeHie CMepxHOcxii A'fe- 
 xefi B-b rocniixa.iJixx, cx> xoro BpeneHH, Korfta a'^tgh cxa.xii KopMiixb iiacxe- 
 
 pH30BaHHbIMX> MOJIOKOMX)- 
 
— 21 — 
 
 At.TCKAa CMEPTHOCTb B"b fOCnUTAilt HA PAHAA;ibCKOM"b 
 
 OCTPOBt. *) 
 
 ToA-b 
 
 /^4TeH naxoJ^HJIocI> 
 
 Ihuo yjcepraHrfc 
 
 UpoqeHi 
 
 1895 
 
 1216 
 
 511 
 
 42.02% 
 
 1896 
 
 1212 
 
 474 
 
 39.02% 
 
 1897 
 
 1181 
 
 524 
 
 44.36% 
 
 Bcero 
 
 3.069 AtTefi 
 
 1.509 
 
 40.81% 
 
 
 HACTEPHSAItm HAqAJIACb 
 
 BT) Kk^Ut 1898 rOJlA. 
 
 
 1898 
 
 1282 
 
 255 
 
 19.18% 
 
 1899 
 
 1097 
 
 269 
 
 25.52% 
 
 1900 
 
 1084 
 
 300 
 
 27.68% 
 
 1901 
 
 1028 
 
 186 
 
 18.09% 
 
 1902 
 
 820 
 
 181 
 
 22.07% 
 
 1903 
 
 542 
 
 101 
 
 18.63% 
 
 1904 
 
 345 
 
 57 
 
 16.55% 
 
 Bcero 6.200 1.349 21.75% 
 
 Ci KOHi^a 90-x'L ro^OBi, nacTepimai^ia 6i.ijia npoBe^eHa ropo^^cKHMH 
 H uiTaTHHMH B.iacTiiMii B^ saKOHO/^aTe.ibHOMi, nopjiAEi^ no Bcea CTpaHt, 
 KaiTB B-L npoBimipii, laKi, ii bi. ropo^axi., HecMorpn na ciiJitHoe conpo- 
 TiiBJieHie CO CTopHLi PacnpeAtjiiiTejibHO-Mojio^Hbix^ KoMnanifi, laE'L KaKi, 
 nacTepusai^m Tpe6oBajia cjiojKHbia MexaHiniecKia oSopy^OBaHiji, CBasan- 
 HHfl ch KpynHbiMH saxpaiaMH. 
 
 Bi HacT0ffli];ee Bpenn okojio 90% Bcero noipeSjiaeMaro MOJiOKa bi. 
 Hbio-IopK-fe — nacxepnsoBaHO. 
 
 CaHHTapHO-TexHiiuecKHMi. KOHipo.iieM'L ycTaHOBJiena peryjiimiOHHan 
 HopMa xeMnepaiypbi ji,Jiii iiacTepusau;!!! MOJiOKa B-b cneii,ia.iibHO npiicno- 
 coOjieHHbix'b Harp'feBaxejibHbix'b KyOaxx., Koxjiaxx. hjiii CHCxejit ^BOHHHX'b 
 xpyOoKx. ;i;jia o^HOBpeMeHHOfi ii,HpKyjiimiH MO-iOKa, ropa^efi bo^h hjih 
 napa. 
 
 *) Parker, "City Milk Supply." 
 
— 22 — 
 
 Bi. KaacAOMi) iiacTBpii3ai],ioHHOMi. fleno ^ojijkhh Ohtb npHcuocoOjieHH 
 aBTOMaiHiecKie KOHipojibHbie annapaibi ^Jia perHCTpai],iH TeMnepaxypbi. 
 
 PerncTpanjiOHHHa jibetu e3Ke/i;HeBH0 npe;i;cTaBMK)Tca b-l caHHrapHo- 
 KOHTpojiLHHa Giopo, H, TaKiiMi> oOpasoMi, AOCTHraeTca nojiHaa rapaHTia, 
 UTO MOJiOKO, noeryniiBfflee Ha pLiHOKt, fliiicTBHTejibHO naciepHSOBaHo, 
 MeMi cBHA'feTejibCTByeT'B cnei],iajibHaa CHrHaiypa na SyrbiJioqHbixt npoO- 
 Kaxi) H HaAniicii na paBBOSHbiXT) ^ypronaxT). 
 
 Bx 1913 ro;^y Htio-iopKCKaa EOMncciii no cTanj^apnsai^H MOJiOKa 
 onySjiHKOBajia cjit/^yiomyK) Harji,a;i;HyH) ^iarpaMMy, nOKasbiBaromyio neoo- 
 xoAHMoe KOJiH^ecTBO BpeMGHH H cooTB'feTCTByiomyio xeMnepaiypy /i;jia na- 
 CTepnsaiijiH MOJiOKa, npn KOiopofi y6HBaiOTCJi naToreHHbw SaKTepin h npo- 
 Hcxo/i;irrb flpyrie a(|)(|)eKTBr bi> iisM'feHeHiH (|)H3HTiecKot h xHMHqecKofi kom- 
 nosHipH MO.iiOKa. npHBOflHM'b 9Ty ftiarpaMMy (cTp. 23). 
 
23 
 
 BPEMa M TEMnEPATVPA A^S nACTEPMSAUlM MOJIOKA. 
 
 
 a;' 
 ^^ 
 
 o 
 
 C 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 175° ^apeHrefiTi, 
 
 
 167° 
 
 158° 
 
 149° 
 
 
 131° 
 
 122° 
 
 
 jKiipi., caxajyB, Ease- 
 
 HHl. H COJIb 
 
 a-JibSyMiiH-L jiHHia 
 
 C.1HB0KT> 
 
 Ty6epKyjie3H. 
 6ai];HJJiH 
 
 TH(J)03HKLfl, 
 
 ;i;H$TepHTHHLa 
 
 I— ' CO CO hit Crt 05 
 
 o o o o o o 
 
 HefiTpajiLHaji soHa MejK;i;y BepxHHMH h hhjkhhmh jiHHiiiMH hosbom- 
 ei^ CBoOoAHHti BHOopt ypoBHJi TeMnepaiypbi, npii KOTopofi moskct^ na- 
 ciepHSOBaTbca mojioeo. 
 
 ^a 11 Ha npaETHEt mh BHj^HM-b, qTO wh pasHbie nepioflbi BpeMGHH 
 pas.iii^Hbie ropo^a BapbiipoBajiH TeMnepaTypHyio cKajiy a-i^ naciepHsa- 
 
 lI,iH MOJIOEa. 
 
 JI,jiJi npiiM'fepa Mbi npiiBeAeji-b TeMnepaiypHbiJi HopMbi, B-b AByx-b ro- 
 po^axT) — Hbio-IopKi. II ^IiiEaro. 
 
— 24 — 
 
 Hbio-lopKCKan ujKOJia TeMneparypbi j\;\j\ naciepHsauiH OM;iOKa: 
 
 He MeHLme wkwb — 150° $apeHrefiT'L bI) le'ienie ne MeErfee 3 MHHyrB 
 155 „ „ „ 5 
 
 152° „ „ „ 10 
 
 148° „ „ „ 15 
 
 145° „ „ „ 18 
 
 140° „ „ „ 20 
 
 BT> HHKArO: 
 165° c&apeHreaTT) b-b Te'ienie h8 Menlje 1 MHHyiH 
 160° „ „ „ IV2 „ 
 
 loo „ )) ij o ,, 
 
 148° „ „ „ 15 MHHyn. 
 
 140° „ „ „ 15 MHHyTL 
 
 KaKt yace ynoManyTO BHine, b'l HacTOHniiee BpeMa npaKTHKyeica 
 noiTH BCKtjij leMnepaiypa Bt 145° ($apeHrean>) Bt le^eHie 30 MHHyrB. 
 
 Bi> namy aa^a^iy He bxoaht'b oimcaHie nacTepnsaD.iOHHbiX'B anna- 
 paTOBT> H MamnHi), *) a paBHO h npoD.eccoBi. nacTepH3aD,in; yKaaceMt 
 jiHUib, qxo Bt AMepHKi npiiMliH.^eTca 8 pas.in^Hbix'b TnnoB'b MamnH'L, 
 
 KaKl. EBpOneflCKHX'b (Jl,aTCKm), laKt H M'feCTHblX'B KOHCipyKHjl, npH 
 
 BTOMi) nacTepiisanifl MOJiOKa bi. OyiHJiKax'b bt. noc.TbAHie ro^bi coBep- 
 meHHO ocTaBJiena MOJio^iHbiMH fleno, h npHMtHHeicH rjiaBHbiMT. o6pa30Mt, 
 CHcieMa neperoHO^maa hjih TpyOonnaa cb npHMtHenieMi. rp-feiaro napa. 
 
 Bi, i^'t.iiHX'B nonyjiHpH3ai];in nacTepHSOBannaro MOJiOKa, ropo^CKia 
 „BK)po 06mecTBeHHaro 3;^opoBba" h KOMMep^iecKia KOMnaHiH mnpoKO 
 nojib30BajiHCB peixMaMaMH, noM-femaeMBiMH bt. rHrieHHqecKHxi> jKypHa.iiaxi> 
 H raserax-B. HaAnncn 3thxt> peoaM'B rjiacnjiH: 
 
 „nacTepH30BaHHoe mojioko octb Jiy^mia cnocoOi. cipaxoBania 
 aH3HH npoTiiBT. snnAeMH'iecKHX'B 6oji^3Hefi". 
 
 „MaTepnHCKoe mo.ioko — nanjiy^mee ]i,jia. ji,^T:eE. IlacTepHso- 
 BaHHoe — 6.in:Kafimee 110 Ka^iecTBy k-b MarepHHCKOMy". 
 
 „HaTypajibHoe, qiicToe. nacTepH30BaHHoe mo.ioeo — jiynnan 
 rapaHTifl 6e3onacHOCTH". 
 
 *) IIoApo6n'be oo't 9T0M1.. CM. Haiuy pafioxy — ..TexHiiKa npowsBoacTBa cyxor* h 
 cryn^eHaro MoaoKa" 1919. 
 
— 25 — 
 
 nacTepH3aii,m mojioku, HapaAy ct oaKTepio.iorHqecKHMH Hscjit^OBa- 
 HiajiH H BeTepimapHOit iiHcneKii,ieH CKOia, asHJiacb HaHOOJite Moryme- 
 CTBeHHbiMi> cpe/i,CTBuML y.iyiiiueHia EaiiecxBa MOJiOKa h 03ji;opoB.ieHi}i ro- 
 poACKoro HacejieHia. 
 
 J^ame Bi. Majiem.Knxi. Mtcie^an., KaKi. ITajio-AjiTo bi KajiH^opmn, 
 
 MOHTKJiapi. BT. HblO-^HtepSH, PimMOHAT. B^ Blip/tHCHHill — Cb HacGJieHieMi. 
 
 OTh 10.000 ^le.iOB'feKT) — lenepb iiMtiOTca oOopy^OBanHbia nacTepH3aii,io:i- 
 Hbia ^eno, ycTpocHHbia 3a c^ieii. ropo/i;cKnxT> caMoynpaBJienin hjih »iacT- 
 HHXi MO.iOMHO-pacnpeA'b.'iiiTejibiiLix'b KOMnaniii. 
 
 AMepiiKaHCEie caHniapHbTe ;rfeiiTejin CTinaron. oScjiy^KHBanie na- 
 cejienia nacTepiisoBaHHburb mojiopcomi. — o/i;hiimt> iist caMbixi. ii;'feHHbixi. 
 ;^0CTHaceHi^ Bt oOjiacTii caHHTapii3aD,iii Mo.ioiHofi iiH^ycTpiH. 
 
26 — 
 
 cDMilbTPAUIfl MOJIOKA. 
 
 06biKHOBeHHoe (fiepMcpcKoe mo.ioko Bt oojibinefi hjih MeHBmefi cie- 
 neHH sarpasHeHO nbMbio, BO.iocaMH, KpoBbio h npo^maiH neBHAHMbiMH ce^H- 
 MeflxaMH opraHiFiecKaro ii HeopraHiniecKaro npoHcxojK/i;eHiH. 
 
 J^-p^ Hopxt cmnaevh, mo Ha KaiK;i,bm 6.000 6yTbi.iiOKT> MOJiOKa npn- 
 xoAHT&a 1 ^yHTi, nocTopoHHefi Haiypa^ibHOMy MOJiOKy MexaHH^ecKofl npn- 
 
 M-feCH. *) 
 
 CaHHxapHbiii y^ipeHAenifl aMepHKaHCKHXi. ropoAOBi) npe/i;npHHJiJiH 
 i^-fejibifi paA^ iisc.ii'feAOBaHiii p,^a. onpe^tijieHia cxeneHii sarpasHeHm cbiporo 
 MOJiOKa, nocxynaiomaro na ropoACKofi pHHOK-b, h bx> pesyjibiai't 9th h3- 
 cji-fe/^OBania npiiBejiii kx. xoMy, nxo bx. Hacxomnee BpeMJi Bce mojioko, Bt 
 iipoi];ecc'fe ero saroxoBKH, npejK^e, ^I'feMX. oho nacxepHByexca, coxjiacHo 
 xpeOoBania caHHxapnaro KOHxpojia, o6H3axejibHO ^ojihvHO nponycKaxbca 
 qepesx. (|)H.iibxpai];ioHHbie annapaxbi, ycxaHOBJieHHbie bo bcSxX) nacxepn- 
 3ai];iOHHbixx. ^eno. 
 
 HacKo.xbKO BejiHKO sarpasHenie HopMajibnaro MOJiOKa, mgjkhg cy^Hib 
 no cjitjiiyiomHMx. AanHbiMX): 
 
 1) Bx> 7-MH aMepHKancKnxx. ropojiiax'L anajiHSbT MOJiOKa ]imti na 
 1 Jinxpx. oxX) 3.8 j[0 13.5 MnjiJinrp. rpasH. 
 
 2) B'b H-fecKOJibKHXx. HopBeiKCKHXt Topoj^axX), Bx. cpe/i;HeMX>, Ha 1 
 JiHxpx. — 2.6 MHJiJinrp. rpnsn. 
 
 3) Bx, BafflHHrxoHi> H^KOxopbie o6pa3HbT MO.xona j^a.in 180 Jin.i.xrp. 
 HncneKxopx. Biopo 06u[ecxBeHHaro 3;[i;opoBba bx, MoHxiaap'fe (mx. 
 
 HbK)-Jl|Hcep3H), ;i;-px. ITapKepi., bx. CBoefi KanHxa.xbHOH paSoxlj „The City 
 Milk Supply" — naMt'iaexx>, ^ixo rpa;K;i,aHe r. "^InKaro BbmHsaiorb ejKe- 
 roflHO Bx> no.xy^iaeMOMX> MO.ioirfe 25 xohhx> rpasn. 
 
 IIo no/i;CTexy j^-pa Hopxa bx. Hbio-IopKife ox(|)n.ibxpoBbiBaexc5i ox-b 
 noxpeojiJieMaro MO.iiOKa xaKx. Ha3bTBaeM0H ,,(|)H.ibxpai];loHHOtt cjihsh" e^Ke- 
 j^neBHO 333 (|)yHxa, mo cocxaBJiaexx. oko.iio 50.000 ^ynxa eacero/tno. 
 
 *) Report of National Commission on Milk Standard, New York. 
 
— 21 — 
 
 ^ojiJKHO saMiiHTb, UTO pesyjibiaTH 6io-xHMHqecKHX'b aHajiHsoBt aMe- 
 piiKaiicKiix'b jia6opaTopifi cBHfltTejibCTByiOT'E., qio HMeHHO bi. ne^HjibTpo- 
 
 BaHHOMl. MOJIOK-fe CO;i,ep-,KlIMOCTb SojI-feSHeTBOpHblXl. Oai^HJIJIt BeCBMa BeJIH- 
 
 Ka, KaKi) 9T0 bh/i;ho hs-b HH3KenpnBO/i;HMofi xaOjiimbi: 
 
 ^l.'SHCTBIE $ILIbTPAIi;iH MOIOKA HA yHHHT05KEHIE 
 BOJI^SHETBOPHHXT) BM\]^J[JYh. 
 
 B aKxep i H 
 
 J^H^iepiITHbrn TlI(][)03HbM 
 
 1 o6p. MOJiOKa 2 o6p. 3 o6p. 1 o6p. 2 o6p. 3 o6p. 
 
 KojH^ecTBO SaKTepifi na 1 Ky6. ceni. /i;o '|)HJibTpai];iH : 
 400.000 1.521.000 2.520.000 245.000 460.000 756.000 
 
 Ko.!iHHecTBO SaKxepifi na 1 Kyo. ceni. nocii onnmeHm MO.iOKa 
 nyieMi. (|)HjibTpai];iH : 
 
 17.000 61.000 75.000 11.900 5.000 3.000 
 
 Hpoi^eHTi, coKpamenia OaEiepm noc.ii $n.ibTpa^iH 
 95.0 npon. 96.0 ^po^. 97.1 IIpo^. 94.0 ^po^. 99.7 npon. 
 
 HacTom^iH onbiii, npioGptaieTi. oco6eHHbitt HHTepeci,, ecjiH Bcno- 
 MHHTb, tiTO Bi, pyccKofl ^epeBH* ]ifi ciix-b nopi, euie KpecTbiine npaKTHKyiOT'i, 
 npoi^ibjKiiBaHie MO.iTOKa qepest ny^OK-b jiyqimi,, BCTaBJieHHbitt bt, ropjibiniEO 
 
 J^OHHIIKa C-b T'feMl,, qxoObl „BbMOBIIXb qepBiiqKOBT," HSX. MO.IOKa. 
 
 Bx, saKJiroqenie o63opa ^acxepH3a^iH MOjiOKa mh hphboahmx, xaSjiii- 
 ^y, noKasbiBaiomyio qiicio ropoAOBx. CoeAimeHHbixx, IIIxaxoBx, ex, na- 
 cejieHieMX, cBbime 10.000 jKiixe.ret, cnaOHcaeMbixx. nojiHOcxbio hjih qacxiiq- 
 Ho nacxepHsoBaHHbiMx. mojiokomx.. 
 
— 28 — 
 
 C-b naccjie- Miicao loopoji,. 
 HicMi BT. Coc;i. UIt. 
 CBHUie 500.000 9 
 
 Bcibuie 50% 
 
 noTpeCifle'rcfl 
 
 Mojioita 
 
 iiacTepna. 
 
 7 
 
 Oti 11% 
 -50% 
 noTpe5. 
 nacTepH3. 
 
 2 
 
 10% 
 
 noTpeS. 
 
 MoaoKa 
 
 nacTepn3. 
 
 
 
 CoBepuien 
 HO He na 
 cTepiisyioT 
 
 MOJIOKO. 
 
 
 
 On, 100.001 
 S.0 500.000 
 
 
 40 
 
 12 
 
 20 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 Oti. 75.001 
 /^o 100-000 
 
 
 19 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 Ot^ 50.001 
 «o 75.000 
 
 
 30 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 Ot-b 25.001 
 ji;o 50.000 
 
 
 78 
 
 13 
 
 31 
 
 12 
 
 22 
 
 0Tb 10.001 
 SO 25.000 
 
 
 168 
 
 10 
 
 40 
 
 18 
 
 100 
 
 BCEro 
 
 
 344 
 
 51 
 
 116 
 
 46 
 
 131 
 
 Bi. dTOTb noAc^eit He BK.iioueHbi ropo^a, btb KOTopbixi. npHM'tnaeTca 
 cHCTejia ii,epTH^iiKauiH MCiOKa, nojiy^iaeMaro ottj cuei4a.ibH0 imcneKTH- 
 pyeMaro MOJiciHaro CKOia, cosepjKiiMaro bi. iicK.ino^iiTe.ibHbix'B yciOBiaxt 
 caHiiiapHaro Haji,3opa. *) 
 
 061. BTOfl KaTeropiH MOJiOKa OyseTi. pt^b htth bx cBoeMi. M'fecT'fe. 
 
 IIpHBeseHHaa Ta6jiHii,a cBii^'feTe.ibCTByeT'b, ^ito imi. 344 ropoji;oB'L bb 
 CoesHHeH. UlTaTaxi.; 213 roposoBi. yjKe nepem.iiii !>% nacTepH3ai],iii b-b 
 1916 rosy h, naso nojiaraxb, b-b leKyuieM-b 1919 rosy npiiMtneHie nacie- 
 pH3aii,iH sna^iHTejibHO yBejiimnBa.iocb. 
 
 B'b 7-Mir KpynH'fenraiixT. roposaxi. CoesimeHHbix'b TIlTaTOEt, corjiacHO 
 Sa.HHbiM'B Jl,enapTaMeHTa Seji.ies'fe.iia bi. BamimrTOHh, npou.eHT'b nacie- 
 pHJiH30BaHHaro MOJiOKa irpescTaBJiHeica bt, c.itsyiomeM'b BUS'S: 
 
 
 0/ 
 
 /o 
 
 noTpeS.iiieMaro mojiokr 
 
 ",', noTpeSjflCMaro Mo.ioKa 
 
 ropo^a 
 
 
 Bi nacrepHS. BH;ii. 
 
 Toopita Bi. 
 
 nacTppiis. Bii,nt. 
 
 BOCTOHI. 
 
 
 80% 
 
 HblO-IopK-b 
 
 99% 
 
 ^HKaro 
 
 
 80% 
 
 <^HJiasejib(|)ia 
 
 95% 
 
 Jl^eTpOHT'B 
 
 
 57% 
 
 TlHTTCSypFb 
 
 CaHrb-.lyn 
 
 85% 
 70% 
 
 BTon. copn. mcioke o6cnymm!itT%, MaBHtmi ofipasoMi, 6o:iimimi h siiefi. 
 
— 29 — 
 
 3AX0;iAH{l1BAHIE MO/IOKA. 
 
 Ilpn coBpeMeiiHofl cncTejii) cnaOiKeHm mojiokomI) dojibiniixi) nacejieH- 
 Hux'B i^eHipoBi), xpaHGHie cTO.iOBaro MOJiOKa npo;i,OJiJKaeTca bI) leqemH 
 iipoAO.LKHTejbHbixi> iiepio^OBi. BpeMeHii, Heo5xo;;iiMaro }i,Jia. ero nepeBOSKH 
 0T1) ^epMepa, HepiAKO Ha pa.scTOiiHiii 400-500 miub, /i;o MOMeHia nociaB- 
 KH ropoji,cKOMy noTpeOiiTejK), na ^ito xpeoyeTcn b-b oOmefi cjiohchoctii He 
 MeHBme 40 qacoBTb. 9to oCcToaxejibCTBO BbisBajio bi, aMepHKancKOfi jih- 
 Tepaxypife i^ijiwH paflx. cnei],iajibHbixx> HBCJitAOBauiS no Bonpocy o Mexo- 
 .^axi. saxo.iaxiiBaHia MOJiOKa. 
 
 3axo.xa'iKHBaHie MO.TOKa, KaKi. axo noKasbiBaioxi. Ji;aHHbie npiiBe/i;eH- 
 HHXi) SKcnepHMenxoB'b, ne xojibko 3a/i,ep3KiiBaexb pa3Biixie Bpe^OHOcHbixi. 
 oaKxepin, ho h, HapHji^y ci> nacxepHsaniefi, cnoco6cxByexi> yHH^xoiKeHiio 
 
 HXt. 
 
 IIoBXOMy, caHHxapHO-KOHxpMbHbM y^ipeiif/iieHiii noixH noBceMicxHO 
 xpeoyioxi. OTb npoH3BOAHxe.ien ii pacnpe^'b.iiixe.ieH MOJiOKa, iixooli noc- 
 .it;i;Hee Haxo^^Hjiocb /i,o ii iiocit nacxepH.msai^ii, b'b xeuenie ^epio/^OB^> 
 xpaneHiH ero, b-b xeMnepaxyp-fe MiiHiiMyM'b 45° no ^apeHreiixy. 
 
 Bi. nacxepHsai^ioHHHxi. ^eno ^jra saxoiiaacHBanm MOJiOKa oObiqHO 
 no.ib3yioxca n,n.iiHH;^pn'iecKnMn xanKaMH, BM-fen^aion^nMn ox-b 2000 ao 250?) 
 oyxHJOKi. MOJiOKa, CI) pe4)pnrHpaxopHbiMH cxijHKaMH, 
 
 Bi. 9TH oaEn MOJOKO nociynaex'B no xpyfiKaMi. hsx. nacTepH3an,ioH- 
 Hbixi. Harp1iBaxe.ieH n bx. xe^ienie nojiyqaca ycntBaexx. ox.iaAHXbCH ^o 
 45° $apeHreHTa. 
 
 Jlia. npeAOXBpameni/i oxcxanBaHiii c.xhbokx., bx. xaHKaxi> ^pH;^'fcJIH- 
 Baioxcji 2 Bpamaiomnxcfl M'Bma.ijni bi. (j[)opM'i> nponejiiepoBX., Koxopne Me^- 
 .leHHbmu ;i,BH:KeHiaMU nepenlJumBaioxi, mojioko b'b npoi^ecc'fe pa3.inBaHi« 
 ero no oyxH.iKaMi. n bi. MOMeHXbi nepepbiBa oaBOACKOft pauoxu. Oaho- 
 BpeMeHiio 3XU xaHKH ciyjKaxi m^cxomi. xpaneHiji MO.xoKa, oco5eHHO bt> 
 xtxi. cxy'ianxi,, KorAa ocxaexca H36bixoKi> ci, OAHoro jiflu jffi cjiii^yiomaro. 
 
 Bo BpcMJi xpaHcnopTHpOBKH MO.iOKa, 6e30XHOcnxe.ibHO pas.xHxo jih 
 OHO yjK« m> dyrbrjiKaxx., hjih eni^e Haxo^nxcT Bb u,HHi.OBbTxi, OaHKaxX), — 
 
— 30 — 
 
 MOJiO'inan nocy^a o6KJiaji;biBaeTca pySjieHHbiMi, jib;i,OMT. teki., qioSbi tbm- 
 nepaiypa MOJioKa He no/i,HHMajiacb BHine 45° ^apenreHTa. 
 
 TOMi), Bi. KaKofi cieneHH BJimeTi saxojiajKHBanie MOJiOEa Ha npo- 
 i^eccb 6aKTepiajiH3ai],iH, HiKKenpHBOAHMbie pesyjibxaiH oemtob'b, nojiy- 
 qeHHbie Ha oopa3i];oBbixi. ^epaMXi. 9HepH h JKaHCOHt, Moryrb cjiyHCHXb 
 apKOH xapaKxepacTHKOfi. *) 
 
 Parker— "City Milk Supply." 
 
— 31 — 
 
 3<D<t)EKTbl PA3ill1MHblXT> METOAOBTj 3AX0;iA>HMBAHia HA- 
 CTEPMSOBAHHATO IVIO/IOKA HA PASBMTIE BAKTEPIW. 
 
 Cnocooi} saxo/iawMBaHin 
 
 06pa3Ubi Mo;iOKa Bh dyibiiiKaxii 
 
 KojiHiiecTBO oaKTepifi na 1 Ky6. cbhthm. 
 1 cnoco6i> 2 cnocodi. 3 cnocoOi. 
 
 A^ 1. Cupoe MOJiOKO 9.050.000 
 
 SaxojiomeHO 6biCTpo. 
 
 .V2 1. Cpasy iiocTfe nacie- 
 
 pu3aii,iH 
 Bbi^ep^KaHO Bt lejin. 45° 
 
 *. B'b TGHeHie 32 ^lac- 
 Bbi^epsKaHO bi, leMn. 75° 
 
 $. B'b Teuenie 6 'lac. 
 Bbi;i;ep}KaHO bi> TeMn. 75° 
 
 <I>. bi, Te^eHie 24 uac. 
 
 N2 2. SaxojiajKMBaHie weAJiCHHoe 
 Cpasy iioc.Tfe nacTepii.3aii,iH 
 Bbi^epjK. B'b leMii. 75° $. 
 
 B'b Te'ieHie 5 'lac. 
 Bbi^epiK. B'b TeMn. 45° $. 
 
 B'b leMeHie 17 ^ac. 
 Bbi/i;ep;K. B'b leMn. 75° $. 
 
 B'b TeMenie 6 'lac. 
 Bbi^epHv. B'b Tejin. 75° $. 
 
 B'b Te^eHie 24 ^lac. 
 
 N2 3. Oxo;io>KAeHO bt, nowtmeHi 
 
 Cpasy nocTfe naciepiisai^m 
 
 ITpii BbiAepac. B'b le^. 5 ^. 
 
 Ilpii BHAepjK- B'b Te^i. 22 n. 
 
 ripH BbiAep'iK. B'b Ten. 28 ^i. 2.750.000 
 
 npii Bbiflep^K. BT> Ten. 66 h. 460-800.000 
 
 11.900.000 
 
 6.450 
 
 2.100 
 
 9.500 
 
 5.050 
 
 1.720 
 
 28.000 
 
 4.800 
 
 2.340 
 
 76.000 
 
 1.370.000 
 
 885.000 
 
 
 7.150 
 
 2.580 
 
 11.900 
 
 6.100 
 
 1.600 
 
 29.000 
 
 6.200 
 
 2.400 
 
 142.000 
 
 9.600 
 
 2.740 
 
 348.000 
 
 2.760.000 
 
 850.000 
 
 
 M CI, TeMn. 
 
 B03Ayxa 75 0. 
 
 
 4.950 
 
 2.180 
 
 8.500 
 
 6.850 
 
 2.890 
 
 25.000 
 
 700.000 
 
 2.420.000 
 
 834.000 
 
 13.400.000 269.000.000 
 
— 32 — 
 
 Hsi 9T0fi TaO.iimw BHAHO, 'iTO Miicjio 6au,H;i.ii He yBejiiiuHBaefca 
 (npHM^pH 1 H 2), KOr^a naciepHaoBaHHoe mojioku, pasjiHioe b-b ropaieMB 
 BHA'fe, oxjia5K/i;aeTca btb Teqenie 5-th ^lacoBi,, HecMOipji na to, qTO Tenne- 
 paTypa btb npeji.'bjiax'B ott> 80° ao 100° ^apenrefiTa HaHOojite fijiaro- 
 npiaTCTByeTTj CaKTepiajibHOMy pasBHTiio. 
 
 Bi npHM'bp'fe JV2 3 MOJiOKO, oxjiajK^eHHoe Me^jieHHO, noKasHBaerB 
 yBejinqenie icojinqecTBa 6aKTepiH bi> cpaBHemn ct. itMi,, KOTopoe Obuio 
 saxojioaceHO ObiCTpo; ho t'^mt. ne nente cjitj^yeTii saMtTHTb, ^to ji,a.ti- 
 Hbifi onbiTi. npoHSBe^eHi Gbijii. b-b HCKJUoqnTejibHbix'L ycjiOBiax'b Me^jien- 
 naro oxjia/K^enia. TaKHMT. oOpasoMT., mojkho BaKJiioiniTb Hst Tpexi. npn- 
 Be/i,eHHbixi. npHM-fepoBTi, ^TO npoueccTj oxjia^KAeHia He AOJiJweHT. npoAo;i- 
 H<aTbcn 6ojite 5-tm HacoBT> m cjitAOBaib HenocpeACTBeHHO noc;it okoh- 
 HaHin nacTepMsauid bi> TeMneparypt no bo3ivioh{hoctm hmskom. 
 
 KaK'b a yace ynoManyjiT. panbme, na npaKiHK'fe npon3BO/i;HTejiH h na- 
 CTepnaaTopM MOJiOKa npHM-fenaiOTT) TennepaTypy ji^jisi saxojiaiKHBaHia it 
 xpaneHiji — wb 45° ^apeHfirefiTa h caMbitt nponecci* saxojiaacHBania npo- 
 ^ilojiJKaeTC'i oSbi^iHO ne 6ojibme 30 MKHyTt, bi> Teqenie KOiopbiXT. mojioko 
 npoO'feraeTT. no xojio^HJibHbiM'b TpyOKaMi., OTKy^a oho nocT^TTaeii, Bt nii- 
 jiHHApn'iecKie pesepByapbi — xojiOflHjibHHKH ^jih /ijajibH'feflfflefi pasjiHBKH no 
 
 SyTbUTKaMT.. 
 
 OSbiKHOBeHHO ^epMepa tojibko qio no^oenHoe mojioko coSHpaion. 
 B-b unHKOBbie Sh^ohh n noM^ntaiOT^ hx'b npn TeMnepaTyp-h 62° $apeH- 
 reMTa b-b norpeS'b Ha i^eMenTHHH nojii,, h.iih cTaBHTi Bi npoTO^Hyio hjih 
 CTOE'iyio Bo;i;y ct TeMnepaTypofi 52° #apeHreHTa. 
 
33 
 
 KilACCUcDMKAUIfl M0J10KA. 
 
 C-B ycTEHOBJieHieMi. caHiiiapHaro KOHipojia na^p. mojiokoitl, ecTe= 
 cTBeHHO, aBHJiacb APycaa, CTOJib ace Ba}KHaH, sa^aHa — KJiaccH$HKaipii 
 H.iii rpaflai^ia MOJiOKa. 
 
 MaccoBOH noTpeoHiejib oSbfiho noj^pas/^-fejiaeTb MoaoKO Ha „njioxoe h 
 xupomee". 
 
 Bi. TO BpeMH, KaKi. noHTH Bct nnmeBBie npo;!;yKTH Ha pHHRi — 
 afiii;a, Macjio, m^co, sepno h nponee copTHpyerca no cbohmi. Ka^ecTBeH- 
 
 HHMTb CBOfiCTBaM'L H U.'feH'fe, — MOJIOKO OCTaGTCJI He^^eij^enjHpOBaHHblM'B, 
 
 HecMOTpa Ha TO, 'iTO Ka^iecTBO H Djina ero Moryri) 3HaiHTejibH0 sapbHpo- 
 BaTbca BT) saBHCHMOCTH ofb xapaKTopa npoH3BO^CTBa H noTpe6HTejibCKa- 
 ro HasHaqenia. 
 
 KjiaccH(|)HKai];iH MOJiOKa jiorniecKH ocHOBHBaercji na caHHrapHbixi 
 KpHTepiHxi), oiipeA'fejiaiomHX'b HasHa^ieHie MOJiOKa, npocTiftmee noApas^t- 
 jieHie KOToparo MOHceTt 6biTb npeji;cTaBjieHO m> c]it]ijiom,ewb BH^^'fe: 
 
 1. MojiOKO ;i;jia A'^Tefi h 6o.ibHbixi. 
 
 2. MOJIOKO flJia BSpOCJIblX'L. 
 
 3. MojiOKO /^JIa BapKH ii $a6pHqHaro ynorpeSjieHifl. 
 
 CoOTB^TCTBeHHO Ch 9T0H KJiaCCH(|)HKai]^efi, BT. Hbto-IopEt yCTaHOB- 
 
 jiena cjii/iiyromaii cncTeMa rpa^ai^iH MOJiOKa, onySjiHKOBaHHaH ^enapra- 
 
 MeHTOMI. SflOpOBfaJJ BT. cCopHHK'Jj „3aK0H0B'b H IlOCTaHOBJieHitt KacaTejibHO 
 MOaOKa H CJIKBOKl.". 
 
 K Jl A C C "b A. 
 
 Cbipoe MOiiOKO. 
 
 Mojio^HHa KopoBbi ^ojiacHbi Haxo^HTbca bi. xoponieM'b ^HSHqecKOMt 
 cocTOiiHiH H CHcero^HO noABepraiOTca TyOepKyjiesHOMy ocBHAtTejibCTBOsa- 
 
 HiK). 
 
34 
 
 RacTepHSOBaHHoe mo;ioko. 
 
 He TpeCyeicii lyOepKyjiesHoe ocBii^'feTejibCTBOBaHie KopoBT., ho mo- 
 jioqHHfi CKOTt AO.iJKeH'L OHTb BffopoBHM'b 11 eiKeroAHO HHCneKTIipOBaH-B 
 
 BeTepHHapHHMH BJiaCTjmH. 
 
 BaKTepiojiorHqecKifi npefltJit— 200.000 OaKxepifi na 1 Ky6. ceHi. 
 ]ifi nacTepHsai^H. 
 
 K Jl A C C -b B. 
 
 HacTepMSOBaHHoe mojioko. 
 
 MOJIO^HWH CKOT-B ^OJiaCGHI. 6HTb SAOpOBBIMl. 11 HHCneKTHpOBaHl) eiKC- 
 
 ro^HO. 
 
 Ty6epKyjie3Hoe ocBHA^TejiBCTBOBaHie He xpeOyexcfl. 
 
 BaKTepiajiLHbifi npe^ijii. ^o nacTepH3au,iH 1.500.000, ecjiH mojioko 
 nacxepHSOBano bi ropo/^'fe, h 300.000, ecJiH nacxepH3aB,m — bh* ropo^a. 
 
 Ilocjit nacxepH3au;iH — 50.000. 
 
 K Jl A C C "b C. 
 
 (^jia BapKH H 4>a6pH»iHaro npoH3BO/i,cxBa.) 
 
 DacTepMSOBaHHoe mojioko. 
 
 BX) oxHomeHiH CKOxa aHajiornqHwa xpeOoBaniH ct> K.^iaccoMX. B. 
 
 BaKxepiajibHbiM npeAt>.ix. ao nacxepH3an,iH 1.000.000, nocji'fe nacxe- 
 pHsaBtiH — 50.000. 
 riacTepMSOBaHHbie cjimbkh. 
 
 Ti-ace HopMbi no oxHomeHiro MOJio^naro cKOxa, ho Mi^Haexca npeAtjii 
 6aKxepia.iibH0cxH. 
 
 KiaccT. A (cbipbiH) 300.000 
 
 Kjiaccx> A nocjit nacxepnsai^iH 150.000 
 Kjiaccx> B " " 500.000 
 
 K^iaccT, G " " 1.500.000 
 
 CoriracHO HHCxpyKn;iH 16-ro ({»eBpa.ia 1917 ro;];a, paspaOoxanHoil 
 KOMHcciefi no cxaHji,paAH3aniH MO.ioKa (Ha3HaHeHH0H Mo.xoqHbBix> Komh- 
 xexoMi> ropo^a Hbio-Iopica), npoH.3B03CXBO rpaji;yHpoBaHHaro MOJiOKa /XO.ihc- 
 ho npoxoflHXb no;^x. nocxoaHHbiMX) KOHxpojieMX. cannxapHbixX) yqpeHx'j^eHiH, 
 H nepepbiBbi bo BpeMenii HHcneKnifi Bcfexx* (|)a3i) npoH3BOji;cxBa MOJiOKa ne 
 Moryxii ^.iHXbca fiojibnie oj^Horo M-fecin^a. 
 
— 35 — 
 
 Bet naciepHsai^iOHHHa ^eno, OTnycKaromia CBbime thcjwh 6yTH- 
 jiOKi. eiKeAHeBHO, — oOasaHti j^ocTaBJiaxL bi, JI,enapTaMeHr& 3/^opoBBa pe- 
 rHCTpai],ioHHbm jieHiH ci. aBTOMaiH^ecKHxi. annapaioBi), noKasHBaiomia 
 TeMnepaiypy, npn KOiopofi nacTepHSOBajiocb mojioko. 
 
 Bet yeTaHOBJieHHLw HopMLi rpaAai^iH MOJiOKa npej^eiaBJiaiOTB JiranB 
 MHHHMyMi. Tpe6oBaHifi Bi. OTHOmeHiii Htio-IopKCKaro miaTa. 
 
 Ci. BBe/^eHieM-B eHcieMBi nacTepHsar^iH, i^tHH na mojioko ne Morjiii 
 coxpaHHTbea Bi> npeacHeMi. BHflt, xaK-b KaKi. o6opyAOBaHie naciepHBai^i- 
 OHHHX'L Aeno xpeOoBajio OojibiiiHX'b saxpaTX), oco6eHHO bx. xtxx. cjiyiaaxx., 
 KorAa MOJioqHO-paenpeAtJiHxejibHHa KOMnaHiH npoHSBOAiixi. e6Hxx. mojio- 
 Ka Bi MaeeoBbixx. pasmtpaxi., BbmyeKaa eaceAHeBHO ci OAHoro ^eno oxx. 
 25 AO 75 TucsuTb OyxbiJiOK'b MOJiOKa. 
 
 Bi, HbFo-IopKt SyiLiJiKa nacTepnsoBaHHaro MOJiOKa BHcraaro Ka^e- 
 cxBa „A" — npoAaexea Ha oahhx, ii.eHX'b Aopoace, MtMX. mojioko rpaAaii,iH 
 „B", a „C", npeAHasHaqeHHoe ji,m BapKii h APyrnxx. npoMbniiJieHHbixx. 
 HtjieM, npoAaexca Ha 2 eenxa AemeBJie „B". 
 
 IIpaKXHKa noKasajia, ^xo noxpe6Hxejib oxoxno nepenjia^HBaexX) jinm- 
 HiH ceHxx. 3a rpaAyiipoBaHHoe mojioko, nojiy^aa rapanxiio, ^xo oh'b nOKy- 
 iiaexx> KBaJiH^HDjHpoBaHHoe mojioko, nporaeAniee qepesx. aBxopHxexHbifi 
 
 KOHXpOJIb. 
 
 Hanoo.ibmHMX) pacnpocxpaHeHieMx. b-b aMepHKancKHX'b ropoAaxX) 
 nojibsyexea mojioko rpaAan,iH „B", npeHMynieexBGHHO cpeAH Hacejienia ex» 
 cpeAHMMi. AocxaxKOMX>; StAHOxa npeAno^iiixaexX) noKynaxb mojioko rpaAa- 
 n,iH „C" H, HaKOHeiix. mojoko „A", oScjiyjKHBaexx. enenjiajibHyio Kaxero- 
 piH) noxpeOHxejiefi : Atxeii h SojibHbixx.. 
 
 ^Ixo Kacaexca xaKi. nasbiBaeMaro „ii;epxH(|)HpoBaHHaro" MOJiOKa, xo 
 OHO noiixH He bxoahxx. bx. Kpyrx. KOMMepnecKaro o6opoxa, xaKX. KaKx> npo- 
 H3B0AHxea xojibko Ha eneii;iajibHO oSopyAOBannbixx. ^epMaxt, vjifb mojio^i- 
 Hbitt eKOxx. HaxoAHxea hoax. neKJiro^inxejibHO cxponiMx. KOHxpo.ieMx,. 8xo 
 mojioko noexynaeix, na pbinoKx. bx> BeebMa orpaHnqenHbixi, pasMtpaxx.- 
 
 Bet BOCxo^HLie mxaxbi yjKe nepeniJin kx> enexeMt rpaAyHpoBania 
 MOJiOKa; lOJKHbie h saiiaAHbie mxaxbi bx> 9xomX) oxHomeHiH oxcxaioxX), xoxa 
 ex. Ka;KAbiMx> roAOM'h, no ntpt yeBoeHin MyHHpHnajibHHHM ynpaBJieniaMH 
 nacxepHsaiiiH MOJiOKa, saMtqaexcii xeHAeHii;iii ero KBajiH<|)Hii;HpoBaHiH no 
 3-xx> K.iaccHOH cHexeMt. 
 
— 36 — 
 
 KoMHCcia no CTaH;^apH3aij,iH MOJiOKa pesiOMnpyeTi. cboM BST^inj^'b na 
 MaccH$HKai];iK» cjitAjromnMi. oOpaBOMi.: 
 
 „npoj^a5Ka KJicacH(|)Hi];HpOBaHHaro MOJiOKa Ha ochob'b Ka^iecTBenHLixii 
 npH3HaK0Bi., KOTopHe BKJiioqaiorL ne to.ibko XHMiiqecKyH) KOMnosimiw, ho 
 H xapaKTepncTHKy caHHTapHBix-L yciOBifi npoH3BOACTBa, ;^'feJIaH)Tl, bo-3mojk- 
 Ruwh AJia noTpeSHiejia coBHaiejibHiifi BH6opi MOJiOKa no o^hoS tchbko 
 6yTHfloqHoM CHrnaTypi". 
 
37 
 
 OPrAHMSAUm nEPEBOSKM MOJIOKA OTb OEPMEPA 
 B-b rOPOA"b. 
 
 CoBpeMeHHaa cHcreiia ipaHcnopTHpoBKH MOJOKa B^ KpynHbie aiie- 
 pHKdHCKie ropoAa ^ocTHrjia HsyMHxejibHaro coBepmeHCXBa. 
 
 AMepHKaHuw, OjiaroAapa CBoeMy xexHHqecKOMy reniio h yAHBHTejib- 
 HOH npaKTiwecKOM cHopoBK-b II iisoOptiaTejibHOCTH, npeKpacHO cnpaBH- 
 
 JIHCb CB O^HOH H3T> C.lOHCH'feHmHX'b Saj^ait Bt MO.IO'IHOMl. fl.^Jl'k. *) 
 
 Mh nociapaeMCJi jiHinb cxeMa.THqecKH onHcaib „KaHajiH3aii,iro" mo- 
 jiOKa OT-b ([)epMbi ]if) ropo;^a. 
 
 BcioAy Bi. npoBHHuiH mojioko cKynaexcn mojioihhmh KOMnaHiaMH y 
 «|)epMepoB'b H Kb 5 — 6 qacaMi, Beuepa cBOsnica b-b aceciaHHX'b SHAonax^ 
 Ha EOHueHTpauioHHbie nyHKibi, ycxpoeHHMe na acejitsHO-AopoHCHHXx. cian- 
 Uiax-b. HoMbio OHO norpy»caexca bx. cneuiiaJibHO o6opyji;oBaHHBie pe^pn- 
 acepaxoDHHe BaroHbi, npnn.'fen.xaeMbie kx, 9KcnpeccHbiMX> no-feaAaMi, h kx. 
 paHHeMy yxpy oho ycn'feBaeTXi npoO'feraxb pascxoanie bx> 400 — 500 mhjil, 
 Hxo6bi nocn-fexb bx. cooxB-fexcxByiomiH CBoeMy HasHaqeniio ropoji>. Ci 
 BOKsajia oho pasBOsnxca bxi rpoMaa;Hbixxi le.Tferaxx., nprn^'fenjiaeMuxx. kx. 
 cHJibHHMx. aBTOMo6iiJiaMX.-rpy.30BHKaMX>, no nacxepH3aii;iOHHbiM'b ^eno, pac- 
 nojiojKeHHbDiX) BX. pa.^jiHqHbixx. qacxaxx. ropo^a. 
 
 Cx, 9 qacoBx. yxpa ji,o 6 qacoBx. Beqepa npoH3BOjiiHxca noAroTOBKa 
 MOJiOKa jjia pacnpe,i;'fe.TreHia cpejiH ropo3;cKHXx. noTpeSHiejiefi. Ona cbo- 
 ^Hxca KX) cjit/i;yK)m;eMy: 
 
 Ha-b 6h3;ohobx> mojioko. nocji-fe BH-femHefi HHcneKijiH npifeia h sanaxa 
 cnei;iajibHbTMX> cjiysKainHMx.. cjiHBaerca' bx> Sojibmyro npieMonnyio ii;h- 
 cxepny, oxKy;i;a oho noMnaMH BbiEa^HBaeTca h nponycKaexca qepeax. 
 ^HjibxpanioHHyio nenxpo^yry („KJiapH$HK9HniOH'B", no aMepHKancKOit 
 TepMiiHorojiorin). SaxiiMT. mojioko coSnpaeTca bt. pe^pnHcepaxopnbxe pe- 
 3epByapbi (ex. TeMnepaxypoS bx. 45° ^apenrefixa), Tji'k ocxaexca na ko- 
 poTKoe BpewH. noTOMt oho no;i;Bepraexca naciepHBai^ioHHOMy iipon;eccy. 
 
 *) Cm. npHJiojuenie „CHa6aceHie mojiokomi r. Hbio-IopKa". 
 
— 3S — 
 
 Docjii nacTepii3aiiiH mojioko aBiOMaTHqecKii nocTynaeTi> no xpy- 
 6aMi> Bi> pasjiHBO^iHbifi (no dyTHJiKaMTi) oi^i^jii). Oji,HOBpeMeHHO, no ch- 
 cieMi HenpepHBHOCTii, n^ei'L HHcneKu;ia ii CTepHJiH3au,m cxeKJjiHHOH no- 
 cy/i;Bi, aBTOMaTiwecKaji yKynopKa OyTHJiOKi., yKJia^Ka iix^b bt. /i;epeBaHHbie 
 iimnKH, npoflBiiraiomiecH no KOHBeepaMi. b1) xojio/i,HiibHbm noMin^enm, 
 r^-fe 3acbinaH)Tca MejiKHMTb JibflOMTb, h bi TaKOMt Bupfk ociaiOTca bi, xojio/i;- 
 HOMi. noM'feni;eHin ^o 2 — 3-xi> qacoBi. yipa, qacxbio jKe 9th Hni,HKH no- 
 rpyjKaiOTca cpasy na 6ojibuim Tejiibrn, na KOiopbixt mojioeo pasBOSHTca. 
 Bi) pafiOHHHa OT^'fejieniii ;i;eno, o6cjiyjKHBaioni,iji pasjin'mbia, nedojibmia 
 no pasM-fepaM^ ceKD;iH ropofl;a. *) 
 
 Ci. ipex-b nacoBt noqn MOJio^Hbie inn;HKH (b-b 16 — 20 OyTbiJiOK'L) 
 neperpyacaiOTca nsx, xojio^njibnaro noM'tntenm na 4-KOJiecHbie $yproHbi, 
 oanpjiaceHHbie jioffla;i;bMH, h na^HHaeTca pasBOSKa MOJiOKa no KBaprHpaMb 
 ropo^^cKHX'B noipeSHTejieg. 
 
 EcjiH nacTepHsauiOHHoe jeno Haxo;i;HTca b1) npoBHHn,m, to oSkrho 
 laMi ace nponaBO^HTca pasjiHBKa MOJiOEa no SyTbijiKaMi), Bt KOTopbixT> 
 oho nociynaeTb wb ropo^i) Mn AajibH-fettmaro pacnpe/i.'fejieHm. 
 
 Bi cpe;^Heirb npoxo;i;HT'b 36 qacoB-b co BpeMenn ;i;oeHm KopoB-B npe- 
 ac;^e, ^iwh mojioko nocTynaei'B Henocpe^cTBenno Kt noTpeSnTe.ino. 
 
 BbicTpoTa aceji'fesHO^oposKHbix'b cooGmenifi, nsoGnjiie .hhhIh h na- 
 .iH^fflOCTb cnen;iajibH0 oSopyj^OBannbixi) BaronoBX) ch pe^pH'/KepaxopaMH — 
 noBBOJireTi. ropo^CKHMi. noTpe6HTejiaMi> nniaTbCii CB'featnM'b mojiokomij. 
 nojiyTiaeMbiMi. usiy BecbMa OT^ajieRHbixi. pafionoBi), bx> .iio6oe BpeMfl ro;i;a 
 B-b HeorpannqeHHbix'b KOJinqecTBaxi.. 
 
 *) Bt, atTHec BpeMH Tea%rn aaKpuBaioTCfl rjiyxHMi KyaoBOMi., a mojio^huc amii- 
 KH TmaTejibHo aacunawTCfl mcjikhmi JK>aoM%. . Bt. 9tomt> cayiai TCJitra MoaerB ocTa- 
 BaTbCfl 5 — 6 lacoBi noxi ropaqHMi coJiHi<eMi> npH TCMnepaiypt MOJOKa bi 50 — 60^ 
 ^apeareHTa. 
 
39 — 
 
 PA3B03KA MOJIOKA B"b fOPOAAXt. 
 
 Bi. ropo/i;cKoii TpaHcnupTiipoBKlj MO.iOKa 3a nocTliAnie ro/i;Li npoH30- 
 mjio 6o.iii>moe nsM'feHeHie. nepe^i T'feM'L, KaKt yciaHORHJiacb paaBOBKa 
 MOJiOKa Bt cTeKJiaHbixt 5yTHJiEaxT>, mojioko iiocTaB.iiaj[ocb b-b jicecTaHbixi. 
 OaHKax-b, 1131) KOTopbixT. pa3JiHBajiocb cneii;iajibHbiMH M-fepaMn Ha yjiiin.'b 
 y ;i;Bepefi noTpeSHxejia, npHMeiwi., nepBbie noKyiiaxejiH nojiynajiH mojioko 
 jiy^maro KanecTBa, wkwb nocjiiAyromie. 
 
 Bi, 1906 roAy r. Ban iiscntAOBa.Tb 40 o6pa3ii;oB'b MOJiOKa b-b rop. 
 KjiHBJieH^i.'fe, BSflTbix'B y ceMii pasjiHiiHbixt pasBOS^HKOBi. H Hamejii), ^ito 
 „rjiy6oKoe mojioko (co ^na) bt. oaHKax^, npo;i;aBaeMoe — „pa3JiHBHbiM'i. 
 cnoco6oM'b" Ha y.iHii.ax'b, saKJUouaeTi. bi> ceO'fe Ha 300% OaKxepifi Oojib- 
 iiie, itMi) TO JKe MOJIOKO, HO pa.3B03iiMoe Bt OyTbiJiKaxi.. Tenepb dtotl 
 cnoco6T> coBepmeHHO sanpeiuent saKOHOMi. h pa30B3Ka MOJiOKa iipoH3BO- 
 ;i,HTca TOJibKO B^b cTepH30BaHHbix'b (napoM'b BbicoKaro ;i;aBJieHm) cieK- 
 jiimbixi) 6yTbiJiKax'b, saKynopenHbix-b aBTOMainqecKHMH MamnnaMH. Bet. 
 pa3B03^niKii MOJiOKa npe;i;BapHTejibHO npoxo^^flTi KpaiKifi Kypci ooy^ieHiji 
 H 3HaK0MHTca cb MeTO^aMH npHBjieieHiji noipedHxejiefi, canHTapHbiMH 
 cnocoOaMH pa3B03KH MOJiOKa H BOo6n];e 3HaqeHieMi> caHniapiH bi. mojio^- 
 
 HOMT. /l.'feji'fe. 
 
 ' Pa3B03qHKH BbinOJIHaH)TI» pOJIB KOMHCCiOHepOBl, OT'B HHX% 3aBHCHT'b 
 
 ycn-fexi. npoAyKTHBHOCTH KOMnaHin- HoBTOMy, ex's Tpy;i;i, onjia^HBaeTCH 
 BHUie HeKBajiH({)nH,iipoBaHHaro paOo^aro — oObrano 38 flOjiJiapoBt Bt ne- 
 ^-fejiK), iiOMHMO 2% ex. BbipyqeHHOH cyMMbi. 
 
 Mo.iOKO pa3B03Hxca btj ^yproHaxx., xmaxejibHO OKpameHHbixx. bx. 
 jipKifl i^B^xx., npeHMynj,ecxBeHHO 6'fejibm. ^jiji npe/i;oxBpan];eHia myna, bh- 
 3biBaeMaro ho^hbimx. ^BHJKeHieMX. (|)yproHOBx., bx. H^KOxopbixx. ropo/^axx. 
 (BpoKxoHx.) KO-ieca (|)yproHOBx, oSxiirHBaroxca pesHHOBbiMH mHHanM. 
 
 OAHOBpeMeHHO Ha axHxx. (|)yproHaxx. pa3B03iixca afiD;a h MOJioqHbie 
 npo^yKTbi: cbip'b, Mac.io h npouiii nHE^eBbie npoAyKXbi, nojiyqaeMbie Ha 
 f|)epMaxx,, npHHa/i;jie}Kani;HXx. mojio^ikhmx. xp9cxaMx> „Bop^eHcx> Ko.", 
 
 „lIIe(j)4)HJIb^X." H ^p. 
 
 Pacxo;i;bi na pa3B03Ky MOJiOKa naxo/iiHTca bx» saBHCHMOCTH otl kojih- 
 
— 40 — 
 
 qecTBa 6yTHJiOKi. hjih nojiy-OyTLiJiOK'b, norpy^KaeMbixt na oahomb ^yp- 
 roHt. 
 
 Mojio^Hbifi Oi^tjii. JI,enapTaMeHTa ueMJie/^-fejiia onySjiiiKOBajit c;it- 
 ^tyiomia saHHbia o cpe^nefi norpysicfe (|)yproHOB'i) btj naxii ropo^axt (riap- 
 Kepi) — yKa^aHHBKfl paOoia). 
 
 HasBanie ropo;ia 
 
 ^yproHOBi 
 
 CpeAHiii 
 npofiferi 
 (j)yprona 
 
 Bl ACHb 
 
 Cpe^Hfla 
 norpysKa 
 
 <i»ypi- BT> 
 KBapiaxx 
 
 CpcAHaa 
 norpysKa 
 
 MOaOKa BT. 
 
 rajioHaxi 
 
 IlHTcSyprb 
 
 125 
 
 14.20 M. 
 
 327.0 
 
 73.5 
 
 Ba.iiTHMopa 
 
 182 
 
 20.20 M. 
 
 215.0 
 
 69.3 
 
 BoCTOH-b 
 
 305 
 
 20.35 M. 
 
 245.0 
 
 74.0 
 
 ^HCTpHKTB Ko.i[yM6ia 
 
 173 
 
 18-60 M. 
 
 301.8 
 
 76.3 
 
 ^Hji'dji^ejih^m 
 
 571 
 
 
 
 
 HaHOojibfflee 3;io Bt coBpeMeHHOfi ciicxeMlj ropoACUofi TpaHciiopni- 
 poBKH MOJiOKa saKJiro^aerca bi. HeHy:KHbix'b oO'b'fesAax'b ffexi* ^e caMbix^ 
 KaBpiajiOB'b (][)yproHaMH pasjiHiHbix'b KOMnaHifl. 
 
 Hept^KO Kb o^HOMy h lOMy Hce ^OMy no;i;T)'fe3Ji;'aeT'b no yxpaMi) 5—6 
 (|)yproHOB'b KOHKypiipyiomHX'b KOMnaHiti. 9to HeHopjia.ibHoe aBJieHie Bbi- 
 BbiBaeri. HaivJia;i,HHe pacxo/i,bi, y;i,opaa{iiBaK)mie ciOHMOcxb MOJiOKa 3a cqexx. 
 noxpeCnxejibCKaro KapMaHa. OnbiTH MyHinijHnajibHaro ii KOonepaxjiBHaro 
 cHa6»ieHiii mojiokomI) npn o^HOM'b n.eHxpatibHOM'b nacxepii3ai],ioHHOMi» ;i;en(^ 
 noKasbiBaroxi), ^to pasBOSKa MOJiOKa 6631) noBxopHbixx> o6^'b3;^OB^ xojK^te- 
 cxBeHHHxi) KBapiajiOB'L flaeTL bkohomik) Ha 1 — P/^ ceHia cb OyrLLiiai 
 
 MOJiOKa. 
 
— 41 — 
 
 BblBOPl) MOJlOHHOrO CKOTA. 
 
 KaKi. HSB-fecTHO, /i,OMamHm ckoti> noasHjica na aMepHKaHCKOML koh- 
 THHeHTb BnepBHe nocjit BToporo nyTemecxBm Kojiynoa b-b AMepuKy bb 
 1493 roAy. Ct aioro speMeHii oht. npHBOSHJica iist EBponbi (HcnamH, 
 Mxajiii li APyniXL cipaHi.) n pa3B03njica no Bceny nooepeacbio L^eHxpajib- 
 Hoii K C'feBepHOM AiiepHKii II Bt xe^ieme S-xt cxcjitxifi KyjiLXHBHpoBajica 
 cneii,ia:ibHi)iH xim'L MOjio^maro cKOxa, on.tHHBaeMaro ct xo^ikii sp'feHm ko- 
 .iii'iecTBa H Ka^iecxBa (npou.eHxt co;i,epjKHMOcxH MOJiOHHaro JKiipa) npons- 
 Bo;!;iiMaro MOJiOKa. 
 
 CaMoe ocxopoHvHOe H3C.Tfeji;oBaHie AMepHKancKHXt cneii;iajiHCTOB'b no 
 cKOxoBo^cxBy He Aa.iH nojioHCHxeabHBixx. BbiBo;i;oB'b o xomT), KaKaa ^opo;^a 
 KopoBi. nanOoji'fee npnOH-ibHa ji^.m MOJio^naro xosaficxBa. 
 
 Cpe;i;H AMepuKaHCKiixx. ^epMepoBX) Ha6jiio^aexcfl Kpafinee pa3H006- 
 paaie HHAHBH;i;yajibHbix'b bkvcobx. b-b BbiCop'fe MOJioqnaro CKOxa. 
 
 HaHOo.ibuiee pacnpocxpaneHie bT) CoeAHHenHbixX) Ulxaxaxt nojiy- 
 1HJIH cji^yion^ie nopo^H MOJio^naro cKOxa: *) 
 
 nOPOAbI IVIO;iOHHblXl> KOPOBTj M MXIj nP0M3B0AM- 
 TE/IbHOCTb: 
 
 HaaBanie nopo^i 
 
 „ro;ibAiJiTeMH"b — 
 <|)pM3iaHT>" 
 
 HcHHxaHie npoHSBe- 
 Aeno Ha^x. KopoBaMH 
 BB 10 ^epMaxx.. 
 
 sjSMUiapi." 
 
 OnwTx. npoH3Be;i,eHX) 
 Bx> 11 ^epMaxx.. 
 
 flpoayKTHBHOCTI. 
 
 MojioKa 3a ro;ti> 
 
 anrj. ^. 
 
 0X1. 20.405 
 AO 30.452 
 
 oxx, 17.567 
 AO 25.328 
 
 npoXyiCTHBH. 
 MOJIO^H. SiHpa B1 
 
 ^lyHTaxi 
 anrji. $. 
 
 oxi. 953 
 AO 1.176 
 
 0X1) 
 
 AO 
 
 821 
 895 
 
 npoi;enTi. Hi 
 
 cpeaHCMi Moao4 
 
 Haro »;Hpa 
 
 01"b 3.12% 
 
 AO 4.56 
 
 oxx, 3.357o 
 
 AO 4.6x,% 
 
 *) „IIapKepi". yKaaaHiioe eoiKHCHie. MaTepiaJiH AenapTaMCHTa SeMaesiain, Bar 
 inHHrroHx. 
 
— 42 — 
 
 HasBauie nopoj;^ 
 
 BpavHTj Cbmcct>" 
 
 „ry3pHCM" 
 
 OiiHn> iipoii33e/i;eH'& 
 Ha 10 ^epMaxT). 
 
 i.AwepsM" 
 
 XCMimaH. nopofla 
 $paHii,. - BpHiaHCK. 
 npoHcxo:ic/i;eH.) onHn. 
 10 (JjepMi)- 
 
 „OpaHLiy3CK0- 
 
 KaHaACKan'' 
 Bi. cpeAHeMi. 
 
 IIpOAyKTHBHOCTb 
 
 MOiioKa 3a I'OA^ 
 
 OTi. 9.-148.8 
 
 HpOAyUTHBH. IIpOUeHTl BT, 
 
 Mo;ioMii. ji.Hpa B^ cpeAii'?Mi> mojioh- 
 (j[)yiiTaxi. iiaro acupa 
 
 OTT, 14.686 
 
 AO 24.008 
 
 OTh 6.896 
 AO 18.782 
 
 J63.7 
 
 OTL 899 
 AO 1.098 
 
 orb 560 
 AO 962 
 
 6.500 
 
 3.84% 
 
 OTi. 4.54% 
 AO 6.12 
 
 OTt 5.12% 
 AO 8.13 
 
 4% 
 
 OTi, 9.896 
 AO 18.075 
 
 OX'S 
 
 407 
 
 625 
 
 OTi, 3.46% 
 AO 4.11 
 
 (AMep^KaH-b 
 UJopT-b XopHt'* 
 
 OnHT'L npoiiBBeAHi. 
 Ha 10 ^epMaxi.. 
 
 IIoc.TfeAHioH) KaieropiK) MOJio^naro CKOia cociaB.iJieT'L ckot'l „ABOfi- 
 Horo HasHaiieHm", KOM6HHHpyioiii,m THnHiecKia oco6eHHOCTH mojio^ihlixl 
 
 KOpOB'b II, BM'feCT'fe CL itM'b, npiirOAHblH J[^ii MflCKOH npOMWIUJieHHOCTU. 
 
 OhI) coxpanaeTCfl bi. cKOTonpoMbiiujieHHbix'L pafloHaxi,, HM'feiomiix'b len- 
 AenniK) nepexoAa Kt MOJiounoMy xo3flMCTBy. 
 
 CorjiacHO AaHHHMt ^enapxaMOHTa SeMJieA'feJiia oxi. HHBapn 1916 r. 
 bx. CoeAHHeHHLixx. Ulxaxaxxi na (|)epMaxx> naciinxMBajiocb — 22,768.000 
 MOJioqHbix'L KopoBx,, npoH3BOAiiiunx'b 11.590.000 rajiOHOBx. MOJiOKa, bx> 
 cpeAHeM'b 115 rajiOHOBX, bx. toax. na qejiOBlJKa, hjih 537 rajionoBx. (3710 
 (|)yHrOBx>) Ha KaJKAyro KopoBy — Ha ooiuyio cyMMy 2.320.000.00 ao-1- *)• 
 
 *) MoiiTJin Kponi PenopTT> JOnaHTeA'b CtbiItc^ oiJ) ArpiiKiojitTiopi /tenapTMeHTi.. 
 2) 1 1916 r. H JI-p- HopTT. m. CRoeii paSorh „MeTOAT> Mojiowh. npoH3Bo;icTa" onpe- 
 
 fltjIJICTl. np0H3B0ailTeJIbH0CTI> MO.II0H1I. KOpO^JW BI. HblO-IopiC. IUt. Wb 6 KBapT'L MoaoKa 
 
 ezeAHeBiio. 
 
— 43 — 
 
 CiOHMOCTb MOJiO'maro cKOia oii.'feHHBaeTCJi b'l 1.185.114.00 AO.i.'ia- 
 poBi, a o/i,HOu KopoBH npnOjiHSHTejibHO 54 ^ojiJiapa. 
 
 ^ItoCh npe;i,CTaBiiTb ceOt KOJiH^iecTBeHHbifi pocTi) h ctohmocth mo- 
 Jio^maro CKOia b^ iiponopij,iii ki. pocTy HacejieHm b-b Coe/i,HHeHHuxi> lilTa- 
 Taxi) 3a nepio^Tb BpejieHu cb 1880 no 1916 r.r., mh npiii5o;i,HM'b Haaoo- 
 xhe flOCTOBtpHbrn AaHHbia, oiiyojiHKOBaHHbm ^eiiapTaMeHTOMi ^eMJieAi- 
 jiia Bi CTaTHCTHiiecKOM'b eiKero/i;HHKli Coej!i,HH. UlTaxoB'b sa 1915 rofli.: 
 
 POCT"b MO/lOMHArO CHOTA B^ COEA- UJTATAXTj. 
 
 ToAu 
 
 iHCJicHHocTb Hace- 
 jeflifl Bt Coefl. IIIt. 
 
 Hncjio MoaoqHuxi 
 KopoBt 
 
 ^UCJIO MO- 
 JIOM. KOpOBl 
 
 flalOOO ac. 
 
 CpcAHflfl 
 
 CTOHMOCTb 0;iHOM 
 ICOpOBU 
 
 1880 
 
 X/55.155..783 
 
 12.443.120 
 
 248 
 
 23 
 
 A. 27 ^. 
 
 1890 
 
 62.947.714 
 
 16.511.950 
 
 263 
 
 22 
 
 A- 14 ^. 
 
 1990 
 
 75.451.000 
 
 16.292.000 
 
 216 
 
 31 
 
 A- 60 % 
 
 1901 
 
 76.998.000 
 
 16.834.000 
 
 219 
 
 30 
 
 A- — 
 
 1902 
 
 78.556.000 
 
 16.697.000 
 
 212 
 
 29 
 
 fl. 23 ^. 
 
 1903 
 
 80.174.000 
 
 17.105.000 
 
 213 
 
 30 
 
 A. 21 ^. 
 
 1904 
 
 81.792.000 
 
 17.420.000 
 
 211 
 
 29 
 
 A. 21 ^. 
 
 1905 
 
 83.410.000 
 
 17.572.000 
 
 233 
 
 27 
 
 A- 44 ^. 
 
 1906 
 
 85.028.000 
 
 19.794.000 
 
 242 
 
 31 
 
 A- — 
 
 1907 
 
 85.646.000 
 
 20.968.000 
 
 240 
 
 30 
 
 A- 67 n. 
 
 1908 
 
 88.264.000 
 
 21.194.000 
 
 242 
 
 30 
 
 A. 36 ^. 
 
 1909 
 
 89.882.000 
 
 21.720.000 
 
 224 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 1910 
 
 91.972.000. 
 
 20.625.000 
 
 224 
 
 39 
 
 A. 97 n. 
 
 1911 
 
 93.118.000 
 
 20.823.000 
 
 219 
 
 39 
 
 A. 39 ^. 
 
 1912 
 
 94.736.000 
 
 20.699.000 
 
 213 
 
 45 
 
 A. 02 ^. 
 
 1913 
 
 96.354.000 
 
 20.497.000 
 
 212 
 
 53 
 
 A. 94 ^. 
 
 1914 
 
 97.972.000 
 
 20.737.000 
 
 212 
 
 53 
 
 A- 94 ^. 
 
 1915 
 
 99.590.000 
 
 21.262.000 
 
 213 
 
 55 
 
 A. S3 ^. 
 
 1916 
 
 101.208.000 
 
 21.988.000 
 
 217 
 
 53 
 
 A. 90 ^. 
 
— 44 — 
 
 Ila-B 3T0fi Ta6jinii,bi bh/hho, ito sa iiocjitAHia 36 Jitii. nacejieHie Coe- 
 flHHeHHbix'B UliamoBi. Bospocio Ha 50% H Bi, TOM ace nponopii;in yBejiH- 
 
 HHJICa MO.lOMHLlft CKOri.. 
 
 Ctohmoctb ;i;oHHofi KopoBbi noqin y;i;BOiLiacb — ci. 23 ao.i- 27 ceH- 
 TOB-b wb 1880 ro;^y ;i,o 53 flo.i. 90 i\. bi. 1916 ro/i,y. 
 
 JIiooonbnHO OTMiiiiTb, mo, corjiacHO loro me o(|)(|)Hi;ia.ibHaro hctom- 
 HHKa, KOwiHqeQTBO MOjio^iHbix'b KopoBT. sa BpeMfl 1905 ro^a no 1915 r. Ht- 
 CKO.ibKO coKpaTHJiocb BT> OTOHOiueHiii iii> pociy HacejieHm B'b rpynn'i na- 
 H6o.Tfee ^HJ^ycTpiaJIbHbIX'b inTaTOBT,, pacnojiojKeHHbix-b B'b CtBepo-BocToq- 
 
 H08 OCiaCTlI Coejl,. lUiaTOBI,, MeH£;i,y T-feMt, KaKl, B'b He^pOMHIIUIeHHOM^ 
 
 paaoHt K)jKJJ0-3anaflHbix'b UIxaTOBi), r^i seMJie^^tjiie crajio paaBKBaibca 
 jiHinb CO BTopoM nojiOBHHbi 19-ro CTOJitxia, ch npeoOjia^aiomea cHCTeMOii 
 SKCTeHCHBHaro xo3alicTBa, Ha6jiH)ji,aeTCii KOJioccajibHoe yBejiHqeme MOJioq- 
 Haro CKOxa. sa 10-th JitiHift nepioj^i.. 
 
 HanpHMtpt, Bi mraTax'b Hbio-MeKCHKO yBejiH^eHie npoHSwn^o na 
 240 iipoi^eHTOBi.; ApHsonfe — 132 npoi^.; OoaxoMa — 164 npoi^. 
 
 jl^iH. dojibraeft nojiHOTbi ii acHOCTH pacnpeAliJieHia MOJioqnaro cKora 
 no mraxaMT*, mh npHBO/ijHM'b HHa{ec.Tfe/i;yromyio CTaincTHHecKyio 'ra6jiHn;y, 
 noKa.ibiBaioinyio pasBniie MO^ioiinaro CKOia sa BpeMii — c^ 1905 r. 
 
 CTATMCTMHA MO/lOMHArO CHOTA HO llJTATAIV|-b. 
 
 (Bl) TblCHHAXl)) 
 
 1915 ysejiHHeHie bi % yMeHtmeHie bi % 
 
 157 17% 
 
 95 27 
 
 26cS -6 
 
 157 18 
 
 23 8 
 
 lis 10 
 
 1.509 12 
 
 146 20 
 
 948 13 
 
 11 17% 
 177 20 
 349 128 
 
 HasBanie mxaTOBi 
 
 1905 
 
 MaflHi, 
 
 189 
 
 Hbio-FeMmaSp'b 
 
 130 
 
 BepMOHT'b 
 
 285 
 
 MacaiiycexTC'b 
 
 191 
 
 Foj[i^ AfijaH^i.'b 
 
 25 
 
 KonneKTHKyT'b 
 
 131 
 
 HblO-IopK'b 
 
 1.722 
 
 HbIO-^T,3Kep3H 
 
 185 
 
 IleHcii.ibBaHm 
 
 1.087 
 
 Jl.a.iaBap'b 
 
 35 
 
 MDpHJieH;];^ 
 
 147 
 
 BHpA'rKHHia 
 
 153 
 
45 — 
 
 HasBaHie nnaxoB* 
 
 1905 
 
 1915 
 
 ysMHieHie B-h % 
 
 yMCHfcHieHW Bl % 
 
 HoprL KapojiHHa 
 
 193 
 
 315 
 
 63 
 
 ^ /■ 
 
 Cayicf. Kapo.iHHa 
 
 110 
 
 185 
 
 75 
 
 
 ^«op;^acia 
 
 277 
 
 406 
 
 47 
 
 
 $Jiopiij^a 
 
 87 
 
 133 
 
 53 
 
 
 OraMo 
 
 791 
 
 895 
 
 1*3 
 
 
 IlH/^iana 
 
 548 
 
 646 
 
 18 
 
 
 HjiJiiifloMci. 
 
 995 
 
 1.007 
 
 1 
 
 
 MmHraH'L 
 
 550 
 
 814 
 
 46 
 
 
 Bhckohchh^ 
 
 1.096 
 
 1.626 
 
 48 
 
 
 MHHHecoTa 
 
 837 
 
 1.186 
 
 42 
 
 
 AfioBa 
 
 1.336 
 
 1.337 
 
 3 
 
 
 MHccypH 
 
 570 
 
 797 
 
 40 
 
 
 Hopn, J^aKOia 
 
 144 
 
 339 
 
 75 
 
 
 Cayic'L ^aKora 
 
 402 
 
 453 
 
 13 
 
 
 HeCpacKa 
 
 669 
 
 625 
 
 
 
 EaHsacL 
 
 *71 
 
 726 
 
 8% 
 
 
 KeHTOKH 
 
 287 
 
 390 
 
 39 
 
 
 TeneccH 
 
 283 
 
 355 
 
 25 
 
 
 A.iaSaMa 
 
 320 
 
 384 
 
 67 
 
 
 MHCCIICHnH 
 
 272 
 
 434 
 
 60 
 
 
 JIyH3iaHa • 
 
 166 
 
 268 
 
 61 
 
 
 TeKcact 
 
 838 
 
 1.080 
 
 30 
 
 
 OKJiaxoMa 
 
 187 
 
 494 
 
 164 
 
 
 ApKanaacb 
 
 281 
 
 387 
 
 38 
 
 
 MoHiaHa 
 
 55 
 
 114 
 
 107 
 
 
 BaHOMHHr'L 
 
 20 
 
 46 
 
 130 
 
 
 Kojiopa;^o 
 
 121 
 
 205 
 
 70 
 
 
 HbK)-MeKCHKO 
 
 20 
 
 68 
 
 240 
 
 
 ApHsoHa 
 
 14 
 
 44 
 
 132 
 
 
 Kha 
 
 73 
 
 92 
 
 26 
 
 
 HeBaAa 
 
 17 
 
 24 
 
 41 
 
 
 AHji;aro 
 
 60 
 
 120 
 
 100 
 
 
 BamnHrTOiTB 
 
 159 
 
 253 
 
 59 
 
 
 OperoH'L 
 
 139 
 
 210 
 
 51 
 
 
 Ka.in(|)opHiji 
 
 355 
 
 5^1 
 
 52 
 
 
 Bo Bcfext mx. 17.572 21.262 
 
 20.9 y. 
 
 
— 46 — 
 
 PascoMipHM-L Tenepb KOJiHieciBeHHoe pacnpeji.'fe.ieHie MOJio^maro cko- 
 Ta no OT/ii-fejibKbiiyrL xosiiiicTBaMi. bi. pasjiirmLixt seM.ie^t.irbqecKiix'i, pafi- 
 OHaxi. 
 
 no ji.aHHbiM'b renepajibHOH nepenncKn nacejiema 1910 ro;i;a: 
 
 
 
 Cpe^Hee 
 
 MHCaO MO- 
 
 CpeAHee 
 
 npou3Bo;;cTBo 
 
 
 
 JOIHUXl 
 
 . KOpOBT. 
 
 Ha 
 
 
 M0.10Ka 
 
 Ha 1 KopoBy 
 
 P aH HM 
 
 
 1 4>epM3 
 
 f (1909 
 
 r.) 
 
 
 BT. raaoHaxi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 1899 
 
 Hoaaa Anrjiia 
 
 
 
 
 3.8 
 
 
 
 476 
 
 548 
 
 Cpe/i,He-ATJiaHTH^ecKie nixaTH 
 
 
 
 6.1 
 
 
 
 490 
 
 514 
 
 ll,eHTp. CiB. BOCTOIH. 
 
 IIIaTaTH 
 
 
 
 4.0 
 
 
 
 410 
 
 487 
 
 Sana^Hbie lUiaTH 
 
 
 
 
 4.9 
 
 
 
 325 
 
 371 
 
 K)rb (3an. pafiona) 
 
 OTt 
 
 1.9 
 
 flo 
 
 3.1 
 
 
 232- 
 
 -286 
 
 240—295 
 
 ;3aiia/i,T> (2 pafiona) 
 
 orb 
 
 4.7 
 
 flo 
 
 5.1 
 
 3 
 
 39- 
 
 -475 
 
 334 470 
 
 CpeflHee ji^m Coe^. UIt. 
 
 3.8 
 
 362 
 
 424 
 
 OTCH)Jl,a BHftHO, ^ITO BI) UlTaTaXt CI. HHieHCIIBHOH CIICTeMOH cejibCKaic 
 
 xosaflcTBa Mbi HaOjuoAaeMT. sHaiiHiejibHO Sojiie Kpymibia MO.ioqHbia xo- 
 sHHCTBa, ^'hu'h BO Bcfex-b ocia.ibHbix'B o6.iiacTJix^ 9KCTeHCHBHaro seMJie- 
 
 PaiioHbi caMbixTj MeJiKHXij (no KO.iHqecTBy o6pa6aTbiBaeMOfi seMJiH 
 
 CyXb pafiOHbl CaiWblXTj KpynHblX-b MOJIOMHblX-b X03nMCTBT>. 
 
 Stot^ ^aivTi., iiMieTt rpoMa^Hoe sna^enie, h6o MO.io^moe xosaficTBO, 
 KaKt H3Bi^cTH0, pasBHBaeTCii Bcero 6bicTpte bt. noAropo/i.HbTX'b MtciHO- 
 
 CTflXl. H BI) CXpaHaXI. OCOSeHHO pa3BHT0fi npOMLimJieHHOCTH. CTaTHCTHKa 
 
 JI,aHiH, TepMaHiH ii inBeHii,apiH noKasbiBaiOT'b saMi. ly ace paciymyio koh- 
 i];eHTpai];iio MOjio^Haro ckote. 
 
47 — 
 
 3K0H0IVIMMECH1E <l»AKTOPbl MOilOHHArO XOSflWCTBA. 
 
 ^To6u BbmcHiiTb KOJiHie paciipe/i.'bjieHie Mo.ioimaru cKoia h on.'feHHTb 
 9KOHOMii'iecKoe 3HaueHie MO.iOMHaru jijiAd Bt oOmen KapxuH'fe SBOJiroipH 
 AMepiiKaHCKaro 3eM.iie/i;i>.im — mm pascMOipiiM'b cTaxiicTHiecKm ;i;aHHMa 
 
 no OCHOBHHMli rpyifflaMt XOSJIHCTB'L, BJiaAtWIUnXI) MOJIO^IHBIM'L CKOTOMTb, 
 
 B-B OTHOuieHiH KT> pasMipaMi) aeMejibHbix'b B.ia;i;'feHifl: 
 
 TpynnM 4>epMi ci aeHeabHtmi 
 iHieMt 
 
 ^0 20 aKpoBi, 
 
 OtI) 20 Ao 49 anp. 
 
 „ 50 
 
 11 y*^ i» 
 
 „ 100 
 
 ,,174 „ 
 
 „ 175 
 
 ,,499 „ 
 
 „ 500 
 
 ,, J^iJ 11 
 
 „ 1000 
 
 „ H Oojite 
 
 Bcfe Coe/piH. UliaTLi 
 
 % (JepMcpoBT., pacnojia- 
 
 rasmiixT. mo.iohhwmi* 
 
 CKOTOMl Bi KaiK;^oil 
 
 rpynnt xosaucTBt 
 
 yBejinicHie vum 
 yMCHbiueHie 
 
 1900 r. 1910 r. 
 
 49.5% 52.9 
 
 njirocL 3.4% 
 
 65.09 71.02 
 
 3.4 
 
 84.1 87.1 
 
 „ 3.0 
 
 88.9 89.8 
 
 0.9 
 
 92.6 93.5 
 
 „ 0.9 
 
 90.3 86.6 
 
 0.7 
 
 82.9 86.0 
 
 „ 3.1 
 
 78.7% 80.8 
 
 njnocL 2.1% 
 
 Mbi BH/jjiiMt, xaKiiMt o5pa30MX., mo HaHOo.ibuiifi npoi;eHTb ^epMt, 
 pacno.iiaraK)iii,HxX) mo.iomhhmI) cKOxoM-b, npiixo/tiixcii na Kpynntw $epMM 
 (93.5%) ct seMejibHbiMii BJia^ifhubmii bx. 175 — 499 anpoBx.. 
 
 3a ^ecaxHJi'fexie cb 1900 no 1910 TOji,T> Bcero Soji'fee yBejinqnjiHCb 
 Me-iEi,! (|)epMbi, /i;ep^auj,ia MOJioqHbixx> Kopo»b, sax'feMXi JIaTH(|)yHAiH, Aa- 
 jiie cpeAHia 4>epMbi. 
 
 yMenbfflHJica nponjenxi. ^epM'L Ch MOJio^nbiMX) ckoxom^b y Kpynnbix'b 
 xosaeBX) CX) 500 — 999 aKpoBX) seMJin. 
 
 Bx. o6m,ewb, s^'fecb nojiyqaexc^, noBH;i;nMOMy, BbinrpbmiX) MejiKaro 
 3eMJieBjia/i;'fejibu,a. HanoMHHMX., OAnaKO, mxo B.xa/i;'feHie mojxo^ihhmX) cko- 
 TOMX. HMtexX) ^BOiiKoe sna^enie bX) ce.iibCKOMX> xosaficxB'fe: cx> o^hoh cxo- 
 poHbi OHO MOJKexx. 03Ha^iaxb o6n];ee noBbmieHie Sjiarococxo^nia n yjiynme- 
 nin ycjiOBifi nnxanm, cb APyron cxoponti — n ^iam,e — oho osnaiaex'B 
 pasBHxie oj^noii h3X) oxpacjiefi xopoxBaro seM.ie/^i.im n CK0T0B0/i;cTBa: npo- 
 HSBOjiieTBO MO.iOKa na npo^aaty bx. ropo/i;a n npoMbimjienHbie n;eHxpbi. 
 
— 48 — 
 
 C&epMBI STOrO pO^a, „MO.IOiiHHa (J)epMH", Bbl^t.ieHH aMepHKaHCKHMH 
 
 CTaiHCTHKaMH Bi ocoOyio rpynny no r.iaBOHMy HCTO^iHiiKy ^oxo^a. Dia 
 rpynna OTJiiiiaeica KO-HH^eciBOMi) BLipaooTaHHoii 3eM.iii h Bcefi aeMJiii 
 HMJKe cpeAHflro npn cyMMt iipoHSBOACxBa Bwiue cpeAHnro, iipn ynoxpeO- 
 jieHia HaeMHaro ipy^a — babob Bbiiue cpeAHnro, no pac^eiy na oahhb 
 aKpi. seMJiH. 
 
 YBejinqeHie pocia MejiKHXi. (JtepMi) b-b mojiohhom'l xoBMcTBi oqenb 
 jierKO Moacext osHaqaxb h, naBipnoe, osna^aexi) pocxx> KanMia/iMCTMHe- 
 CHMXi) MOJioimbiXTb (J)epMT» Ha MejiKHXi. yqacxKaxx. 3eMJin, pa6oxaioni,HXb 
 Bcen.'fejio na noxpeSnxejibCKifi pbinoK-b hjih ^jih oociyacnBania MOiioqnofi 
 HHAycTpiH — np0H3B0AcxB0 Macjia, cbipa n ^pyrnxx> npo/iiyKxoB'b. 
 
 BoTL, ji,j[a. napajiJiejiH, AaHHHa o KOHn;eHxpai^iii CKOxa bt> AMepnEt. 
 
 CpeAHcc Kojin'iecTBo 
 
 MOJlOMHblXl KOpOBl 
 
 PaHOBU Hal {[)epMy yBe.iuieHie 
 
 1900 r. 1910 r. 
 
 CiBepi* 4.8 5.3 njiiocx, 0.5 
 
 H)rb ' 2.3 2.4 „ 0.1 
 
 SanaAt 5.0 5.2 „ 
 
 Mh BHAHMi, 1T0 C-feBepb Bccro Oojiie Ooraxi) MO.ionHbiMx. ckoxomi>, 
 
 yBCAiraHJiX) cBoe CoraxcxBo. 
 
 Tenepb npocji'feAHM'b, KaKx. pacnpeAi^HJiocb axo yBejiH»ieHie Meac^^y 
 
 rpynnaUH' 
 
 tc ^ 
 ►=co 
 
 'k g ®* 
 
 <^ o j^ wd 
 «3 H o w 
 
 5 5 
 
 
 X S s 
 
 Ea © BS 
 
 O I*. » M 
 
 X S ^ CO 
 
 tS* '^ 2 ® 
 
 1=3 a !S X 
 
 Orb 
 
 rpynnbi seMJieBJiaA^Hifi 
 
 20 aKp. seMJiH MHHycx. 4% 
 20 AO 40 aKp. „ 3°/ 
 99 „ 
 174 , 
 499 , 
 999 
 
 50 
 100 
 175 
 500 
 
 njiiocb 9% 
 „ 14% 
 
 1000 HH Sojite 
 
 18% 
 
 29% 
 
 isy, 
 
 yBcaH^enie mb yMCHtmeHie 
 MHCjia (JepMT. 
 
 10% ysejinq. qncjia ^epMX. 
 
 12% yMeHbm. „ „ 
 
 i.O /o ,, )j 5» 
 
 2.2% yBejiH'i. „ „ 
 
 12.7 /o ,, „ « 
 
 4U.4 /o ,, 5j 5j 
 
 16.4% „ 
 
 06mee yBejinqenie b-b cpeAHeM-b 14% 63% yBejiK. ^HCJia (J>epjrB 
 
49 — 
 
 BOJlte OHCpufl pOCTt n ll C .l a Me.lKlIX'b ^epMI. Cl. MOJIOqHHM'L CKO- 
 
 TOM-fc (noKasano bt, npe;^bi;i;ymeii TaOjiiiii,*) He iiOM'fema.'io 6o.Tfee OHCipoM 
 K H II, e H T p a n, i H ero bt, KpynHbix-L xosaftcTBaxi,. Btott. npoii;ecci. 
 KOHii,enTpai;iii H yBeJiHiCHia MO.ioqHOii npoMbiiiiJieHHOCTii HaxoAHTca bi. 
 no.iHOMi. cooTBiTCTBiii ct 0011111111. cTpoeMT> AMepHKaHCKaro seMJiejii'fejiia, 
 pasBHBaiomarocii npn ycJiOBiaxi. Tiinii'maro KaniiTajiHSMa. 
 
 ToproBO-npoMHfflJieHHoe snaiieHie MO.Tio^Haro jif^Jia bi. CoeAHHeHHHXi. 
 lllTaTax'L yBejiH'iHBaeTCii ci. Kaaj;i,i>nii. ro^^OMt, iipHBjieKaji xpy/i,!. h Kann- 
 Taji^ m> rpoMa;i;Hbixi. pasMtpaxi.. BoKpyn> MOJioqHaro ]ifh:i[\ opraHiisoBa- 
 jiHCb CHJibHbiH (|)HHacoBbm Kopnopai^iii, opraHH^ecKH cBiisaHiibm cb hhml 
 H KOHipojiiipyiomia ptmiiTe.ibHO Bcfe (|)a3bi npon3BOACTBa ii cGbiia mojio- 
 Ka H MOJioqHHXi. npo;i;yKTOB'b na BHyTpeHHeMi. ii sarpaHU'iHOM'b pbiKKaxt. 
 
 IIpOHSBOACTBO MOJIOIHLIX'L IipOAyKTOBI> Bt CoeAHHeHHHXl. UIiaTaX^ 
 
 Bt 1917 r. pacnpeji.'bjiaeTCJi cji'feji.yioiHHMT. oCpasoM'b: 
 
 npoH3BO/i;cTBO Bcepo MOJiOKa 84.611.350 aurjimcKiixi. (|)yHTOB'B. 
 I'ls'b 9Toro KOJiH^ecTBa yiiOTpeojiajiocb bt. BH^t: 
 
 3CH;i;Karo MOJiOKa 
 
 36.500.000 anrjimcK. 
 
 (|)yHT. 
 
 43% 
 
 Macjia 
 
 34.633.853 
 
 
 41% 
 
 Cbipa 
 
 4.200.000 
 
 
 5% 
 
 KOH;i,eHC. MOJIOKO 
 
 2.437.500 
 
 
 2.9% 
 
 MopoiKeHHoe 
 
 3.150.000 
 
 
 3.7% 
 
 Tejiaibe mojioko 
 
 3.166.000 
 
 
 4.3% 
 
 9Ta Ta6jiHii,a noKasbiBaeTi. pacnpe/i;'fe.iieHie acHji;Karo mojiokb, nociyna- 
 lomaro OTi> 4>epMepa Ha pbiHOKij, irpn^eM'b nponjeHii. cTOJiOBaro MOJiOKa, 
 norpeOjiaeMaro bi. avH;i;KOM'b BH^i, cocTaBJiaei'L — 43.1% h npHSjiHSHxejib- 
 HO cTOJibKO :Ke MOJiOKa (41%) nocxynaen. na IIpoH3Bo;^cTBO Macjia. 
 
 32% Haceejinia CoeAHHeHHijixi> UIxaxoB'b sanaTO 3eMJie;i;'fejiieM'B. 
 EcTH Bce Hace.ieHie bx. Hacxoamee BpeMa HciHCJiaexca b-b 105.000.000 
 xo 33.600.000 ^ejiOBtKT) amBevb Ha (|)epMaxi. 
 
 *) JHoKs&K'h, noictmcHHUH nwb Bi cSopHHR* oTiCTOBi o6i 11-oMi CitsAt Mex- 
 jjyHaposHaro OfimecTBa IIpoB3BowTMCH MoaoKa, cocxoaBmeKca Bt iHKaro bi A«Ka6pt 
 1918 roAa. 
 
— 50 — 
 
 CTaTHCTuqecKoe Biopo npii $eAepajibHO>n. ITpaBiiTejiLCTBlj onpe^*- 
 jiiiexi., 1T0 o^Ha ipexb Bcero BeMJieAt-ib^ecEaro Hace.ieHiii sanjiTa MOJioq- 
 
 HblMI, X03JiaCTB0Ml>, ^ITO COCTaB.iiaeTT> 11.000.000 HeJIOBtK-L II, CBepTb 
 
 Toro, OKOJio 500.000 qejioB^Ki, oOcjiyjKHBaiOT'b xpaHcnopTHpoBKy h pacnpe- 
 ^■fejieHie MOJiOKa h MOJioqHbix'b npoffyKiOBi, bx, ropoAaxt. 
 
 CxoHMOcTb cejbCKO-xosHficxBeHHbixx, npoAjKxoB'L, npoiisBeneHHHXb 
 B^ 1918 roAy, cooacHO ro^OBaro ox^exa Mumicxpa SeMJiefltjiia: 
 
 EpOAyKXH 
 
 KyKypysa 
 
 Mo.ioi;o 
 
 nmeHim,a 
 
 CBHHima 
 
 OBecx. 
 
 CKOXCKOe MOJIOKO 
 
 OcxajibH. iipoAyKXH 
 
 HToro 
 
 C y MM a 
 4.563.668.000 AO.MapoBt 
 2.360.120.000 
 2.177.810.000 
 1.848.000.000 
 1.274.296.510 
 828.750.000 
 11.647.325.810 
 
 24.700.000.000 ^oJiJiapoB^b 
 
 KaKi. bh/i;ho na-b BbimeiipHBe/i,eHHofi xaOjiimbi, npoHSBO^cxBO MOJiOKa, 
 Bi. pH/i;y ;i,pyrHxx> rjiaBHtfliiinxx> npe^MexoBX) ce.iibCKO-xo3JLHCXBeHHOH npo- 
 
 MHniJieHHOCXH BX> OXHOmeHiH CBOefl pblHO^IHOH CXOHMOCXH, SaHHMaert BTO- 
 
 poe Micxo H BbipajKaexca Bt cyMM'fe — 2.360.120.000 ^ojiJiapoBx.. 
 
 rjiaBHifimee BJiiaHie na pasBiixie MOJioqHaro xo.iJiftcxBa OKasajia 3d 
 nocjit^Hie ro;i,bi BOfina, Kor/i;a Bcfe EBpoiieficKm rocyj];apcxBa cif.ibno yBe- 
 jiH^HJiH cnpocxi Ha aMepHKaHCKOMi) pbiHK'fe Ha Macjio, cbipx> H KOH;i;eHCH- 
 
 pOBaHHOe MOJIOKO*). 
 
 Biopo XlnmeBofi AAMHHHCxpai;in npn $eAepajibHOMX. IIpaBiixejibcxB'Ii 
 npiiBO^Hxx. cji-fe^yiouU^ cxaxHCXH^iecKlH ji,aHHbia o KOJiimecxBli 9Kcnopxn- 
 
 pOBaHHMXX. MOJIO^HblXX. npOAyEXOBTb XOJIbKO BI. C0H)3HbM CxpaHH 3a Bpe- 
 
 MH c^ 1911 no 1918 r. r. 
 
 *) Gm. C. B. ^eHMall^. ^poH3Bo;^CTBo Cyxoro ii Crymemiaro MojioKa bi, AMcpHK'fe. 
 Hbio-IopKi, 19H) r. 
 
— 51 — 
 BblB03"b B"b COIOSHbm rOCYAAPCTBA. 
 
 1911-1912 r.r. 1912-1913 r.r. 1913-1814 r.r. 1914-1915 r.r. 
 
 4>yHT0BT. $yHTOB^ OjHTOBl $yHTOBl> 
 
 Cbipi. 3.823.855 638.001 550.608 50.562.332 
 
 Macio 1.451.995 60 721.520 3.336.565 
 
 KoHfleHC. MOJiOKO 1.202.007 9.715 342 7.373.884 
 
 1915-1916 r.r. 1916-1917 r.r. iai7-1918 r.r. 
 
 *l>yUTOBT. $yHTOBl. ^yHTOBt 
 
 Cupi 38.080.351 55.040.366 42.603.336 
 
 Macjio 6.325.098 20.959.016 15.898.511 
 
 KoHAeHC. MOJIOKO 95.455.094 148.157.801 502.240.893 
 
 EaceroAHHKt J],enapTaMeHTa SeM.ie^'fe.im CoeAiiHeHHHX'B niiaTOB-B 
 CiBepHofi AjiepiiKH Aaeit iipii6jiii3HTe.ibH0 xi ace AaHHbM, noKasHBaio- 
 m^a. KOJioccajibHHH pocTi. BLiBoaa 3arpaHHi],y KOHAeHCHpoBaHHaro MOJiOKa, 
 Macjia H cbipa .3a toti> iKe nepio/i.'B BpeMeHu (1915 — 1917 r.r.) b-l cpaB- 
 HeHiH cb npeAinecTByiomHMH ro^aMH. 
 
 3KCnOPT^ MO/lOHHblX'b nPOAyKTOB'b COEA. LUTATOBTj. 
 
 (Ci, 1911-1917 r.r.) 
 (EaceroAHHKi, ^enapiaMeHxa SeMJie^ijiia 3a 1911-1917 r.r.) 
 
 1911 r. 1912 r. 1913 r. 
 
 Macjio 1.059.432 aoji. 1.468.235 aoji. 872.804 aoji. 
 
 Chp-l 2.288.279 „ 848.035 „ 441.186 „ 
 
 KoHACHC. MOJIOKO 936.605 „ 1.651.879 „ 1.432.858 
 OcTajiBHHe 
 
 MOJio^H. npoAjKTH — • 244.913 „ 474.055 
 
 1915 r. 1916 r. 1917 r. 
 
 MacJio 2.392.480 aoji. 3.590.105 aoji. 8.749.170 aoji. 
 
 Cup'b 8.463.174 „ 7.430.089 „ 15.244.364 „ 
 
 KoHACHC. MOJIOKO 3.066.642 „ 12.712.952 „ 25.129.983 
 ^yie MOjio^HHe 
 
 upoAyKTH 343.583 „ 524.426 „ 285.467 - 
 
— 52 
 
 He MeHbinee .3HaieHie iiMtjia BoflHa bi. oiHomeHiH ycTaHOB.ieHifl 
 
 CTOHMOCTII MO.'IOKa Ha MtCTHOMt pHHKt. 
 
 H3yieHie mo.iomhlixi. u.Ijh'b noKasLiBaefb, yro iio;i,i)eM hxb xoth 
 H BapiHpyeTL bi. pasHbixt MljCTaxi> Coe;i,iiHeHHHX'i> IIlTaroBt, o^HaKO, 
 OTJiH»iaeTca 6o.i[i.uieu ycTOKiiiiBOCTLio ii onaMirrejibHO OTCTaen. oti. B3Aopo- 
 acaHifl flpynixi. npo/i,yKTOB'L cejibCKO-xosaMcTBeHHOfi npoMHUiJieHHOCTH iiep- 
 
 BOH HeoSxOAHMOCTH, Kairi. 3T0 CL dneEHJ^HOCTblO BIIAHO 1131. HHIKeCTfeAyi"- 
 
 mefi xaojimbi pocia pbiHO'inHXi. ^kwh Ha Hbio-iopKCKoB OnpiKt bt. ho- 
 H^pt M'fecaix'fe ch 1914 no 1918 r.r.: 
 
 nOBblUIEfflE U'EHT> HA nPE;i,METbI HEPBOH HEOBXO;i;HMOCTII. 
 
 (Hbio-iopKCKiH OiojijexeHb v^^wb c^b Hoaopa 1914 r. no Hoa6pb 1918 r.") 
 
 %% 
 269 
 139 
 181 
 166 
 128 
 226 
 88 
 
 Bi. KoneMHOMT. HTor'b, ecjiH Bsaib H-feKOTopbia i];tHbi nnmeBMXi. npo- 
 SyKTOBT. BT) niTail) Hbio-IopK-b 3a Bpeim cb 15-ro iio.ia 1913 ro^a no 
 15-oe iiojiH 1918 ro^a. to 0Ka3biBaeTcn, 'ito Mipbi B3;^opo}KajiH na 106%, 
 MyKa Ha 103%, KyKypysa na 123%o; MeiK^y T'hwh mojioko BS/^opoHca.io 
 jinmb na 47 %c, 3a totte. ace nepio^t BpeMCHH. 
 
 
 1914 r. 
 
 
 1918 r. 
 
 iltti^a (/i;K)JKHHa) 
 
 23 nenia 
 
 
 85 I^eHTOBT. 
 
 KyE.ypy3a (oyrae.ib) 
 
 72 " 
 
 1 
 
 A. 72 uenia 
 
 Caxapi, (100 (|).) 
 
 3 a. 32 " 
 
 9 
 
 A. 35 neHTOB'b 
 
 Maco ((j^yHT-b) 
 
 18 n;eHTOBT> 
 
 
 48 " 
 
 Cbipi ((|)yHn.) 
 
 14 
 
 
 46 " 
 
 Macjio ($yHT^) 
 
 27 " 
 
 
 77 " 
 
 MojiOKO (6yTbTJiKa) 
 
 09 " 
 
 
 17 " 
 
53 
 
 CTOMMOCTb nPOMSBOACTBA MO/IOKA M H3IVlt>HEHIE 
 MO/lOMHblX'b Ht»H"b HA PblHKt. 
 
 9T0'n. BOiipocb aB.iaeica :KryiiiiM'L ne to.ibko ;i,.iia npoHSBO^HTejiefi 
 MOJiOKa, HO paBHO II AJiii ero paciipeA'fe.iuTejieH-iioepeji.HiiKOB'b, cHaoJKaio- 
 mBXt MaccoBaro noxpeOnTe.ifl bt. Kpyimbixi. ropoACKHXi) neHipaxi). 
 
 Bee MOJioiHoe xo3jihctbo peryjiipyeica bi. Coe^. UlTaiaxi. npHHii.n- 
 iiaMH cboOoahoh KOHKypeHij,in, n MO.iO'iHbm i^-feHbi, ecTecxBeHHO, npeiep- 
 irfeBarorL bchkIh BJiiaHia ToproBO-npoMbmiJieHHofl hchshii cipaHti, Haxo^acb 
 ct nocTfeftHefi BT) no.iHoii opranHyecEofi cBasii. 
 
 Mhofo Obuo npoiiBBeAeno iionbiiOK'b pasjiimnbiMH saHHiepecoBaH- 
 HbBiH yqpeHC^eHiaMii n 'lacTHWMii n3c.T;t;i;0BaTejiaMii yciaHOBHTb cpe/^Hiii 
 H3;i;ep3KKH (j^epMepa na npoHSBOAciBO MOJiOKa. 
 
 Bi. STOMT. OTHomeHiii Haiioo.TbmiM HHiepeci. 3acjiy:KHBaiOT'b mhofo- 
 ^iHCJieHHbie onbiTbi, npoii3BeAeHHbie iipo(|). KopHe.ibcuaro ymiBepcHTeia, 
 r. $. BappeHOMi., KOTopwa cKOMOimiipoBaji'b CTaTiicnmecKia /^aHHbia h9i 
 pasjiH^Hbixi. arpiiKy.ibTypHbixT, oo.iacieH CoeAHHeHHbixi. IIlTaTOBi, h no- 
 .ly^HJii. HH'/Kecji'fejtyiomyio <|)opMy.iy, npe^cTaBJiaiomyio AO.ieBoe cootho- 
 mcHie KopMOBbixi. npoji;yKTOBT., iieoSxoAHMbTXi. ji,Jin miTaHia MO;io^Haro 
 cEOia, Bxo;^.amHX'b bt> ctohmoctb nponsBojtcxBa 100 (J)yHTOBi> MCuoKa. 
 
 KO/IMMECTBO nUlUEBblXlj nPOAyKTOB"b, HEOBXOAMMblX"b 
 Aiia nP0M3B0ACTBA 100 <DyHTOBT> MO/IOKA. 
 
 33.79 (j)yHTa sepaa, 40.03 (|)yHTa cfena, 10.08 (|)yHTa cyxoro (|)y- 
 paaca, 92.02 (][)yHTa ptsKn ii3'b KopMOBbixi. xpaBi,, 8.03 (|)yHTa paajiwinaro 
 po;^a KopMOBbixT. npimpoBt, 3.02 'laca pafimieH jkhbok cn.Tbi. 
 
 CiOHMOCTb BLTraevKasaHHHX'b TTponopniif KopMOBbix-b npo;i;yKTOB'b Wh 
 oSmeMt nrort onpe,'tt.;iaeTca bt> 77.7% irfennocTii 100 (j^yHiOBt MOJiOKa, 
 OCTRjbHLTe 20.3% poPTaBjamn. HaKMia/rHbia nn/iep^KTai nn on.iaxl? no- 
 
— 54 — 
 
 meniji ^Jia KopoBi., nocTHJio^nofi xpaBH bi. cTOH.iaxi>, cTpaxOBanm CKora 
 OTi. SojiliaHen h cjapociH, yxoAi» 3a hhmh, xpaHeme MonoKa, .leAi- h 
 npoqee. 
 
 EcjiH B35Tb $opMyjiy npo$. T. $. Bappena, npHHaiyio lenepb npaK- 
 
 TH^eCKOH arpOHOMiefi H CeJILCKO-XOSHflCTBeHHOfi 9K0H0MHK0fi, H npHJIOaCHTb 
 
 ee K^ D.'feHaM'B nnmeBHX'B npoAyKTOBi., ynoipeSjiaeMbixi. ji^Jisi MOJio^fflaro 
 CKOia BI. OKT^Sp'fe 1914 r. ii OKradpt 1918 r., to ctohmoctl hx-b ;^JIJl 
 npoH3BOACTBa 100 (|)yHTOB'B MOflOKa cb coAepjKaHieMi. JKupa bi. 3.8% 
 npejuciaBHTCii bi. cit/iiyiomeMt BH/i.'b: 
 
 CTOHMOCTB nP0H8B0;i,CTBA 100 $yHTOBI> MOIOKA 
 (Ci. cpeflHHMi> co^epjKaHieMi> MOJio^Haro 3KHpa bi 3.8%) : 
 
 B-B 1914 r. B^ 1918 r. 
 
 3epH0 0.513 ^eHTa 1.0261 ^. 
 
 CiHO H npoqifi cyxofi Kopni. 0.3025 " 0.4295 " 
 
 MiciiBO m-h ptsKH KopMOBLixi. ipaBi. 0.2508 " 0.4137 " 
 
 nHTaTe.iibHHfl npHnpaBbi 0.4177 " 0.7192 " 
 
 CiOHMOCTb saTpa^eHHOfi paSoibi 0.6048 " 1.0087 " 
 
 2.0888 " 3.5962 " 
 
 CiOMHOCTb KBapibi MOJiOKa 0.454 " 0.782 " 
 
 Hsi. 9Toi1 Ta6jiiii],H, TaKHMi. o6pa30Mi>, cji'fcflyeTi., ^to nponsBO^CTBO 
 100 (|)yHTOBi. MO.iOKa BI. 1914 r. oOxoahjiocb (|)epMepy bi. 2 ji. 59 ii;eHT. 
 HJiH 0.45 ii;eHTa 3a OAny KBapiy MOJiOKa bi. 1914 ro^y h 0.78 ii,eHTa 
 bi. 1918 ro/i;y. 9to B03pacTaHie ctohmocth npoiisBO^CTBa MO.iOKa h 
 ecTb npflMOH pe3yjibTaTi> Bofmbi, BbT3BaBineH B3/i;opo3KaHie npoAOBOjib- 
 CTBifl H CTOHMOCTH paf)oqHxi. pyKi. BO Bcfexi. 06jiaCTflXI> CoejUHHeHHblXI. 
 
 IIlTaTOBI.. 
 
 Bi. cooTBi^TCTBiH CI. B03pacTaHieMi. ujkwh na npe;i;MeTbT npoH3BOACTBa 
 MOJiOKa, TO^HO TaKHce OTMiuaeTca noBbimeHie ctohmocth HaK.ia/tnbixi. h3- 
 ^epjKeKi., cBasaHHbixTi ci> pacnpeAi5.iieHieMi. MOJiOKa Me3K;i;y noipeOHTejiaMH. 
 
 HasnaMeHHa^ Hbio-iopKCKHMi. ropo/i;cKHM^ caMoynpaBJienieM'b cne- 
 i],iajibHa}i KOMHCcia no o6cji1iji;OBaHiio Bonpoca o CHaO/KeniH mo.iokomi. ro- 
 
1)0 -- 
 
 po;i,CKoro HacejieHia — coOpajia cpe^H MOJiOHKbixi. KOMnaHifi secBMa jiiooo- 
 HHTHLiJi AanHwa, ii03B0.iflK)mia cyAiiTb pasMtpt Haiaa/^Htixi. pacxo- 
 ji,QWi> BTiiXT) EOMnaHifi, CHaOjKaiomnx'B MO.iOKOMt Hbio-IopKCKaro noTpeSH- 
 Tejia: 
 
 1915 r. 1918 r. 
 
 1. UepeBOBKa MOJiOKa ott. KOHr^eHipai^ioH. cxaHi^in na m. ji,. flo ropo;i;cK. 
 
 MOJioqH. ;i,eno 0.0093 i^enia 0.0120 ^. 
 
 2. 06mie xoaaiicTBeH. pac.xo;i;bi KOjinaHin no Be;i,eHiio fltjia. 
 
 0.0120 ^eHT. 0.0260 ^. 
 
 3. IIocTaBKa MOJiOKa Kb M'fecTOJKiixe.TibCTBy noTpe6HTe.T[a 
 
 0.0238 ^eHT. 0.0404 ^. 
 
 4. A;pdHHHCTpaii,ia 0.0032 ii;eHT. 0.0040 n,. 
 
 BCErO Ha 1 KB.— 0.0483 i\em. 00824^. 
 
 3a ^exHpe roji;a EBponeiicKott BofiHw pacxoAH MOjiO'maro nocpeji,- 
 HHKa, Wh Bi^i KpynHbixTj MO.io'iHbix'b KOMnaHifl, yBe.iiiuiiJiHCb na 1 KBapiy 
 MOJiOKa Cb 0.0483 ii,eHTa flo 0.824 i^., t. e. no^Tii na 50%. CiOAa bkjiki- 
 qaeicii noBbrmeHHaa on.iaTa paSo^iiix'b h cjiy^KeOHaro nepcOHa.iia, B.3Aopo- 
 Hcanie MO.iio^Hofi nocyAbi, MamiiHi., ciponTe.ibHbix'b MaiepiajiOBi, cnei^i- 
 aabHHfl oOjOHxeHia BoeHHaro BpeMeHn, cxpaxoBKa h iipo'iee. 
 
 SHaHHiejibBbnii) ^aKxopojix, B.!imioiii;riMX) na no;i,'beMx. MOJioqHHX'b 
 u.'feH'b — flBJiaroxca H3^epacKH, cBii3aHHbiii Cb y.iyiimeHiejrb caHMxapHbixi. 
 ycjiOBiii npoHjBO^cxBa MO.iOKa, Koxopbia Jioacaxca xaace.iibiM'b OpeMGHeMi. 
 Ha (|)epMepa, h 6e3X. xoro 3aBHCHMaro bo Bchx'b oxHomeHmxx> ox-l mojio^- 
 HHX'L-nocpe/i.HHHecKnx'b xpecxoBx.. 
 
 rocy^apcxBeHHbiii ^enapxaMenxx. SeM.ie^'fe.xia dnxaexx., *) ^ito 9k- 
 cipeHHiie pacxoftbi Ha caHHxapn3ai],iio mo.io^ihoM npoMwm.iieHHOcxH h yjiyq-. 
 uieHie KanecxBa MO.iOKa (xySepKy.iesHoe Hcnbixanie KopoBx., nacxepnsa- 
 HiH H npOTee), bx. oonieMx. yBe.xHqHBaexx. cxoHMOcxb o;i;Hoff dyxbiJiKH mo- 
 jiOKa Ha 2 i^eHxa. 
 
 J^-p-b Hopxi HCTncjaexi. axii pacxoj^bi b-b 1 — Yo nenxa. 
 nacTepii3ai^ia oj^Horo ra.xoHa MOjioKa ^.xji ropo^a ^IiiKaro hc^hcjiji- 
 
 *) "The Modern Milk Problem," bj^ J. Scott McNutt, 1917, Vol. IV, p. 637. 
 
— 56 — 
 
 ercH Bi. 1 — 1/3 n;eHTa /^Jia KpynHbixt MOJioqHHXi) Aeno h Wb 0.85 t^eirra 
 
 AJIil MeJIKHXT). *) 
 
 Uomn HeB03M0HCH0 ycTaHOBHTb cl TOiHOCTbio HSAepmcH ^epMepa Ha 
 
 npOHSBOACTBO MOJIOKa, T, K. Bl) dTOTb y^eTh TpYAHO BKJIIOqHTb BCt HHAH- 
 
 BHAya.ibHbm ocoOeHHOcxH MeroAOBi. BeAemji xosMciBa ii pa3HOo6pa3ie 
 MicTHbixi. ycnoBiH. 3a to Jierie yqHTbiBaioTca pacxo^bi MOJio^Hbix-b kom- 
 nanifi b'l npon.ecc'b saKynKii h cSbixa MCnoKa. 
 
 SeMJieAtjibMecKifi Kojijidajki. bt> inxaTi MaccaqyceTci) npoH3Bejii> o6- 
 cjit^OBaHie 42-x'b MOJio^HbixX) pacnpe^'feJiHTejibHbixi. /!;eno B'b 6 KpynHHXx. 
 ropo^axi) II nojiyqujiX) cji-feAyromie pe3yjibTaTbi ^Ji^ onpeAtjieHin pacxoAOB-b 
 Ha CHaOacenie mojiokomI) ropo/i;cKoro HacejieniH: 
 
 AHA/lMSTa OBlUEfl CTOMMOCTM PACXOAOB-b HA nOCTABKY 
 OAHOI^ KBAPTbl MOJIOKA. 
 
 1. AMopTH3ai],ia oGopyAOBaHiii MO-iOMHaro /i;eno (hvhboh h MepiBbrfi 
 iiHBeHTapb 016 u;. mh 5.69% 
 
 CoAepjKaHie A^no ii a;i;MiiHncTpaii,iii. (EopM.ieHie .nomaAefi, no^HH- 
 Ka Mamiiifb ii up.) 0.57 u;. iijiii 20.34% 
 
 CroHMOCTb Kanmajia (BJiOHieHHaro na iioicynKy 3eM.iii, oOopyAOBaHie 
 saBO^a, npioop'feTeHie .iouia/i;eii ii np.) HaxoAHiu,aroca bi. pa- 
 5oTt. 0.48 ^. iiJiii 17.6% 
 
 PeHia, CTpaxoBanie, Jie^t, jiOM-b oyxHJiOK'b, yxeqKa MtjiOKa, 3apa6o- 
 Tannaa ii.iaxa paooqiurt (iie MeH'be 25 ii.eHxoB'b bx. qacb) 
 1.58 ^. iMii 56.91% 
 
 CxOHMOCTb Bc1)Xi. ii3/i;ep;i;;eKT> na OAHy KBapxy . .2.79 ii,. iiJin lOOVo 
 
 PacKJia^biBaa 3T0X'b iixori. Ha onepaii.ioHHO-pacnpeA'fe.iinxejibHyio pa- 
 Coxy MOJioqRaro ^eiio B'b oxHouieHiii o/i,Hon KBapiw MOJiOKa iipii po3HiiqHOft 
 npo^a^Kt, H3CJi'hA0Baxe.iii **) iio.iyqii.iii cjitAyiomyio KajibKyjiaii;iK): 
 
 *) E. O. Jordan, Transl. XV, Internal Congress in Hygiene and Demo- 
 graphy, Volume IV, page 637. 
 
 **) A. E. Canec & R. H. Ferguson: "The cost of distributing milk in six 
 towns of Massachussets, 1917. 
 
— 57 — 
 nOArOTOBHA mo/ioka. 
 
 1. no^BOS'b MOJiOKa Jia KOHneHTpai^OHHtia ciaHi^iH bi, npoBHHi^iH. 
 
 2. TlepeBOSKa no acejitsHBiM-B ^oporau^ b'b ropo^'B. 
 
 3. HscjiliAOBaHie, nacTepH3ai];m, pasjiHBKa no OyTHJiKaMt h xpa- 
 
 Henie b-b xcjioAHJiBRHKaxT, 0.758 n,., hjih 27.19%. 
 
 Pa3B03Ka MOJiOKa cpeAM ropoACKMx-b noTpedwreJieH. 
 
 1. npH norpysKt bi cpe^^neMi. 165 SyiBiJiOKi. na 1 ^yproffB 
 
 1.528 ^., HJIH 55.14%. 
 
 2. HaoaAHbie pacxoAbi 0.492 ^., hjih 17.67%. 
 
 Ctohmoctb Bcfexi, Hsj^epiKeKi. Ha 1 Ksapiy MO.iOKa 2.79 i^., h.tih 100%. 
 
 IIpH OHTOBon iiocTaBK'fe MOJiOKa pacxoAbi coKpamaiOTCii Ha nojii.- 
 HeHia Ha OyibiJiKy. 
 
 ^ItMT. KpvHHte pa^jApH o6opyAOBaHHaro ^eno, T-feMi Menie m- 
 ^epjiiKii na nociaBKy MO.ioKa. 
 
 1131, ooc.rtAOBaHHbix'b 42 MO.noqHbiX'L Aeno, Bi. 20 HanQo.Tfee Kpyn- 
 hmxtj npeAnpiHTiax'b H3/i;ep/KKH Ha 1 KBapxy MOJiOKa OKaaajiiicb HaHMenb- 
 iHHMH — 1.64 i^eHia; bi> Aeno, nocTaB.iiiioui,ia mojioko b-b HeSo.ibuiHX'b pa3- 
 Mtpax-b, 8TH pacxoabi yBejiHMHBaiOTca j^o 2.4 ^eHTa. 
 
 AHa.in3T. r.r. IlDHca h $epriocoHa cb HnqiOH^HbiMH Bapiaipimn no;i;- 
 TBep;K;^aeTCii aHa.iornyHbiMi, HsyqeHiaM-b b-b APyrnxt mTaxaxi, Hbio- 
 Hnr.iaHA'b — 2.5 u;eHTa) *), h no3TOMy iiwb mohcho pyKOBO^cxBOBaTboi 
 npii xapaKiepHCTHK'b aKOHOMHKii MO-iio^Hoii HHAycipiii bi, AMepHK*. **) 
 
 B-b KOHeMHOM'b HTOrt COCTaBHbTH MaCTH pblHOnHOri CTOHMOCTH 0]I,E01& 
 
 5yTbi.iiKii MO.iOKa Moryix, 6biTb npe/i,CTaB.ieHbi bi. HHHJec.'I'feAyK)H^efi cxejit: 
 
 *) Boston Chamber of Commerce. Special Report, 1915. 
 **) Mr. Thompson — "Cost of Producing Milk on 174 farm!" in DelAwar* 
 County, N. Y." 
 
.066 
 
 npH6MJib B nojibsy HocpejHH- 
 <]ecKoii Ko. 
 
 Pacxojw Mo.TioMHoii Ko. Ha aa- 
 
 roTOBKy 1 6yT. Mo;ioKa noTpe- 
 
 6HTejiio. 
 
 Facxosbi no nepcBosKe 1 6yT. 
 OT 4>cpMepa B ropoA- 
 
 BupjMRa 4>epMepa sa 6yT«jiKy 
 
 MOJlOKa. 
 
 PblHOMHan CTOHMOCTb 6yTblflKM MOAOKa 
 
 (8.316 ucHia). 
 
59 
 
 OPrAHMSAUm CBblTA MO/IOKA. 
 
 HanSojite ipyAHyio npoOjieaiy, KOTopofi saiiHiepecoBaHbi, He ctojilko 
 nocpeAHH^ecKO-MOJio^Hbia KOMnaHin, cKOJibKO ripoHSBOAHTejiH-^epMepa h 
 noTpeOiiTejiH — cocTaBJiaexT, Boiipoci. o pasHHin-fe MejK^y i^tHaMH na mojio- 
 KO y ^epMepa-npoH3BOAHTejiii h Ha pbinK-fe, APyrHMH c.iOBaMii: KaKaa AOJia 
 pbiHO^HOH CTOHMOCTU MOJiOKa ocTaeicii Bi, HOJibsy KpynHbix-b MOJIO^IHO-nO- 
 cpeAHiwecKHXi. KOMnaHifl. 
 
 Bi BTOMT. OTHomeniH mm BOcno.ibsyeMCH BecbJia i^-feHHbiMi) Maiepia- 
 jiOMT), npeACTaBjieHHbiM-b pasjiH^HbiMH ciiei],ia.iiiicTaMH bi, MHoro^HCJieH- 
 EbiTb ;i,OKJiaAax'b Ha ejKeroAHbixi. MOJioiiHbixi> cbtsAaxt npn Hbio-IopK- 
 CKOM-b MojioHHOMt KoMHTeilj, BT. KOTopbixt yqacTByroTi) npe^cxaBHTeJiH 
 oOmecTBeHHHxx. H caHHTapHO-Me/i;Hn,HHCKHxi) y^peac^eHiH, a paBHO h 
 npoH3BOAHTejiH II OMJio^Hbie nocpeAHHKH CO Bcero Hbio-IopKCKaro UlTaTa. 
 
 CiaTHCTHiiecKm cB-fe/^tHm no axoMy Bonpocy CKOMOHHHpoBaHH mhok) 
 3a TOTb ace qexbipexjiiTHifi: nepio^'b, wh leqenie KOioparo mh oScji'feAysM'b 
 
 MOJIO^HOe XOSafiCTBO Bt Coe^HHeHHblXT) UlTaxaXT. ex. XOfi E^'fejIbH), ^IX06bI 
 
 npocjit^HXb HSM-feneHie pHHoqHtix'b n.tn'b Ha mojioko npn ycjiOBiaxx. ne- 
 HopMajibHofl xo3iificxBeHHOfi KOHbiOHKxypbi ci> 1915 roji;a jo OKonnaHia 
 EBponeficKott BofiHbi. 
 
 Bc-fe AMepHKaHCKie cnecgiajiHCTbi no MOJioqnoMy A'feJiy eji;HH0/i;ymHO or- 
 MiqaK)xx> xoxx. (|)aKxi., qxo KpynHbM MOJio^Hbia KOMnaniH, mohohojihshpo- 
 BaBmia Bce /^-fejio CHa6jKeHiii mojiokomx. ropoAOB-b, nocxaBHJiii bx. nojinyio 
 deanoMomnocxb ^epMepa h ropo;i;cKoro noxpeOnxejiii bx. oxHomeHiH pbi- 
 
 HO^HblXX. D.'feHX. Ha MOJIOKO. 
 
 EcjiH Mbi pascMOxpHMx. HHacecjiiAyiomyio xaSjiimy, onyCraKOBaHHyio 
 ^-poMx> Hopxx., jierKO saMtxHXb, qxo MOJioqnbM KOMnaniH oxpbiBaiOT^ 
 .ibBimyK) /i;ojiK) pbmoqHofi cxohmocxh MOJiOKa, noqxH naxbAeciixxi npoii;eH- 
 xoBX>, H cx> 6ojibmHMx> HsObixKOMX. noKpbiBaioxx. onepan;iOHHbiii Hs^epjK- 
 KH MOJioqHO-pacnpe/i;'fejiHxejibHbixx. A^no, KaKx. 9xo ex. o^eBHAHOCxbio Bti- 
 xeKaeTX> iisx. npHBe^enHbixx, naMH paH-fee AaHHbixx.. 
 
— 60 — 
 
 l|t)Hbl 3A 100 HBAPT"b MO/IOKA HA HbK)-IOPKCKOM-b PblHKt>. 
 
 (B po3KH^HOH iipo;i;a5irfe). 
 
 Ctohmocti. oMai. noipe- PasHima nocTynaio- 
 
 ynaaq. 6HTe.ieMT. ^aa bi nojibay 
 
 $epMepy bi Hbio-IopKi nocpe^HUKa 
 
 1912 r. 3 a. 57i];. *) 8fl. 9 r^. b-b cpeAHCMi (ci 1911-15 r.) 
 
 1913 r. 3 a. 85^. **) 
 
 1914 r. 3 A. -SO ^. 
 
 1915 r. 3 a. 66 ^. 9 a. 5 au.i. 3-1 ^. 
 
 1916 r. 3 a. 98 ^. 9 a. 33 i^eHia 5 aoji. 35 i^. 
 
 1917 r. 5 a. 82 i^. Ua- 96 i^eHXOBi, 6 ji,oji. 14 r^. 
 
 1918 r. 7 a. 13 ^. 14 a. 50 DjeHTOBt 7 aoji. 28 ^. 
 
 He j[jia. Koro He ceKpeit, hto nocpeAHnqecKaa A'fe^'fe.ibnocTb mo.to^i- 
 Hbixt TpacTOB'L c.miniKOM'B Aoporo on.iaiHBaeTCH oO-feiiMii cTopoHaMii: ro- 
 poACKiiMt noTpeOiixejieM'b ii (|)epMepoMi.. 9to o6cTOflTe.ibCTBO ii Bbi3Bajo 
 Bceo6ni,ee HapeKanie h HeAOBOJbciBO Bt oSmecxB'fe ii iie'iaTii npoTHBi. mo- 
 jTOinbixTj KOMnaiiiH. 
 
 PaAi> ropoACKiixT> caMoynpaBJieHifi ii o^mecxBeHHbixi. A^^Tejiefi (mc- 
 acAy iipo^iiM'b, coii,ia.incTimeeKiJi BOJKAb ^^yiconi) Cnapro), paBpaOaTbiBawi'b 
 Bi. iiacToamee BpeMH Bonpocb o MyHiiii,iina.in3aij,iii MO.ioiiiiofl npoMbiiiiJieH- 
 HOCTii, iicxoAa iia-B Ttx'b JKe cooCpa^KeHift, KOTopbw .ler.iii bt. ocHOBy my- 
 Hmi,Hna.iii3aiyii BOAO-cHaOHcema, KaHa.iii3ai],ioHHaro A^-ia ii ocB'femenia. 
 
 Bi. HicKOJibKiixt HeOo.ibmiix'B ropoAKax-L, icaK'b' to Jl,;K3HMCTayHi> 
 (niT. H. I.), Bpyonii'b mi. Macca^iyceicx; lIa.io-A.iTO — Ka.iH(|)opHia, 
 yace npaKnniecKii npoBCAena MyHHi],nna.iii3an,ia MO.io'maro cnao/KeHia n 
 peayjibiaibi OKasajiiicb 6o.ibme 'i^mt. yAOB.ieTBopme.ibHbT. 
 
 HHin];iaTHBa bt, peopraHiisai^in cobiia MO.iOKa iicxoahti., r.iasHbiM'fe 
 oCpaBOMi), CO cTopoHbi ^epinepoB-b ao nocjitARJiro BpcMeHu pliuiiiTe.ibHO 
 lie iiMtBinHXT) ro.ioca b'b ycTaHOB.ieniii MO.io^Hwx'b ii.'feHi) ..a pwnK-fe ii co- 
 BepmeHHO iwo.iiipoBaHHbixT. oii. ropoACKoro iioipeoiiTe.ia. 
 
 XIpocMaTpHBaa nepiOAH'iecKia naAama iiocBaiueHHWH MOJio^HOMy a^- 
 
 *) "Weekly News" Letter to CorrespoudeBts, Jan. 20 and April 28, 1915. 
 *") Bulletin of Department of Agriculture, Washington, 1919. 
 
— 61 — 
 
 .ly, Bce BpeMii HaTajiKHBaenibCJi Ha iKa.iio6bi (|)epMepoB'L, BbmyjKAeHHbiXL 
 .iiiKBHAHpoBaTb cBuii xo3iiiicTBa, liciiiACTBie oe;iUbixo?^HOCTii ii ^ame yObi- 
 
 TO^IHOCril llX'b. 
 
 ^enapTaMeHTi> SeM.neAi^.ii^ CoeAimeHHbixT. niiaTOBT. roBopnTi> cji'fe- 
 ,-i;yiomee B-b oji.HOM'b mi, cbohxi Oro.iJieTeHefi: 
 
 „To.ibKO o/^Ha Tpeib MOJionnbixi. Kopoii. b-b Hbio-Topkckomi. mi. 
 coAepai:iiTCJi cb iipiiUbMbio". 
 
 „Ecjiii B-fepHO 9T0 ji,Jin. Hbio-IopKCKaro fflxaia to, no Bceft B-fepoai- 
 HOCTii, iioAOOHoe nBjeiiio iiaO.iio.'taeTca bo MHorHX-b APymxT) mia- 
 
 TaXT)" *). 
 
 Ciojib p'femiiTejbHLW saK.iiioqeHiH ji;ifejiaioTi, o$^Hii,iajibHbia ii yna 6e- 
 3yc.i0BH0 KOMiieieHTHbiii y^ipesKAeHiii, KaK^ ripaBirrejibCTBeHHWH ,'l,enapTa- 
 MeKTi) 3eMJie/i,'fejiia. 
 
 IIpo(|)eccop'b $. PaMycceHT) oiM't^iaeii., ^ito bi. 1918 roAy b^ uixaTi 
 HbK)-r3MnmaiipT. oojibuiimcTBO (|)epMepoBT. iipoAaBa.io mojioko cb yGwT- 
 
 KOM'b. 
 
 B-L 3cypHa.Tli „KoppeHTi, Ommioiii." oto T^eKanpa 1915 roAa Sw.ia 
 Hane^iaTaHa ciaiba iiOA'b saoaBieMi) — „ToproB.iii mo.ioeom'b — KaKTb 
 (J)epKepa but'Ijchiiiotch iip.'b CBoeft xosafiCTBeHiiOH Tyhme.ihEOO'm non wsj[0- 
 poJKaHiii }Kii3Hn". 
 
 Be3;i;oxoAHOCTb MO.io^Hbixi) ^)epM'b oStiicHiieic^ ipeMS npnqiiHaMii: 
 
 1) Mo.io^iHbm ixtmhi ne ycn'feBaiOT'b bi. CBoewh pociij sa i],tHaM)i 
 Ha npeAMeibi nepBott HeoOxo^nMOCTH o6maro noTpeo.ienia, 
 (KaK'b 9T0 Mbi yKa3a.iiii bt. npe;i,bi/i;yninx'b Ta6jiHi];ax'b). 
 
 2) B3;i;opojKaHie paSo^mxi) pyKi. 
 
 3) IIojiHoe OTcyicTBie KOHTaKia Me5K;i;y noTpeSHxejieM'b h (J)epMe- 
 poMx. Haxo?^amHMCH btj saBHCHMOCTH OT-b nocpe/^rtHiiecKHXT. MO- 
 .lOHHbix'b KOMnaHifi. 
 
 Bl TO BpejTf^ KaKT. MOJIO^Hblil U^Wbl Wb p03HHqH03 TOprOB.li B03pOCJIH 
 
 Ha 32%, 3a nepiOAx. (fjypajKT. jiJia. CKOia h cTOHMOCTb paOoMHxi. pyKT> yBe- 
 .7H'iH.iiHCb Ha 65%, CT. 1890 no 1918 r.r. 
 
 Eine 6o.i^e. pf.sKoe OTCTaBanie MO.Tio^HbTX'b i^-feHT. mh bh;i;hmi na hh- 
 
 ') J(h:. C. MaKi-HarTTi, yuas. cd'miipiiie ct. 123. 
 
— 62 — 
 
 aceciiJAyiomnxi, /^iarpaMMaxt, ^jia cpaBHeHm SAtcb bshth cpe^Hm r^tini 
 5-Tii r.iaBHHxi, npeflMeTOBi, npoflOBOJibCTBiii: cB-feacia n&^a, EapTO(J)ejib, 
 CesKOCTHoe Jiaco, CBHHoe cajio h MyKa. 
 
 KpHBaa, BH^iepqeHHaa na /^iarpaMM'fe, oxBaTHBaei-b nepio^'B speMe- 
 HH CI. 1890 roAa no 1915 ro^^t. 
 
 BHmeyKasaHHHa ycjioBia MOJioiHaro (|)epMepcTBa h BHSBajiH kt. jiji- 
 axejibHOCTH pas.iHiiHbie bhah KOonepaTiiBOBi, bi, oOjiacrii cobiia Mo.iOKa, 
 nocTaBHBuiie ceSi n.'fejibK) ocBoOojKAeHie oti. 9KcnjioaTaii,iii (|)epMepa mo- 
 jiOMHbiMH nocpeflHHKaMH, B-b jiHi^i ciLibHbix'L ^HHacoBbixi. Eopnopaii,m. 
 
 PasMipLi HacToamefi pa6oTH ne nosBOJiaiOT-b HaMT> noApoSno ocia- 
 HOBHTbca Ha onHcaHiH Mo.io^Hbix'b KoonepaTHBOBT., nosiOMy a Koenycb 
 jiiimb HeMHonix'b, sacjiystHBaiomHX'b HaHSojibinitt imiepecb. 
 
 KoonepaTHBHoe ^BHiKeHie b'l mojio^ihomi. ^-fejii (a He Kacaiocb Koone- 
 paiHBHaro cbipoBania h Macjio^'feJiiii) Ha^mHaeii. noaBjiarbCH Bcero 
 TOJibKO ci> 1911 roAa. 
 
 IlepBbiH KOonepaTHBTb opraHHsoeajica bi. ropo/ii'fe PHBepcafi^i. bi. Ka- 
 jiH(|)opHin, A'lH nacTepH3ai];iH MOJiOKa h nenocpeACTBeHHaro cnaOiKeHia mo- 
 jiOKOMi. ropo^cKoro Hacejienm. $epMepa coOpajiH cKJiaAO^iHbm KanHiajnt 
 B-b 20.000 AOJiJiapoBi. nyreMi paBMimema naeBi., iicKJiioqHTejibHO cpeA" 
 npoiisBOAHTejiefi MOJiOKa, JKHBy^^HX'b B'L OKpecTHOCTHxi. ropoAa PHBep- 
 caH^-b. Sinxt AGHerL 6biJio AOCxaTO^HO aJI^ o6opy/i;oBaHia IlacTepnsai];!- 
 OHHaro ^eno, noKynKn MamnH'b ii np. 
 
 ^-pi. r. E. TyKep-b, HHcneKTopi. Biopo OSmecTBenHaro S^opoBba ro- 
 pofl,a PHBepcaflAa, nHmexi. cjiij^yioniiee o6t. btomx. KOonepaTHBt : 
 
 ,,61. Iiojii 1910 r. pOBHH^Haa njina na mojioko 6brjia 814 n;eHTa 
 3a KBapiy ex. 3 — 41/2% coji;epHCHMOciH MOJio^naro acnpa. 
 
 „Co BpeeMHH opraHH3an,iH MOJiOHHaro EOonepaxHBa, cHa6}Kaioni,aro 
 MOJiOKOMX. nepesx. cBoe nacxepii3au,ioHHoe ^eno Bce Hacejienie ropoj^a, 
 11,'feHa Ha MOJIOKO HeMe^jieHHO onycxHJiacb ^o 6.2/3 ii;eHxa 3a KBapxy, cl 
 co^epiKaHieMx, MOJioqnaro acHpa oxx. 4.2% RO 4.5% n bx» xaKOM i^tHl; 
 npo;i;ojX}Kaexx. ocxasaxbca ^o cero ahh". 
 
 (Bio.iJiexeHb, KajiH4)opHia IUt., EHjiAnnrx. o$i Fe.xTX., Man 1916 r.) 
 
— 64 
 
 JlHrA MO/IOMHO-^APMEPCKMX^ OPrAHMSAUlW. 
 
 (The Dairymen's League Organizatiou in New York). 
 
 Bt 1915 ro;i;y npooysK/^aeica ciuibHoe /i;BH}KeHie MOJio^iHbix'L $epMe- 
 poBt npoTiiBT. Heooy3/i;aHHHX'b anneTHTOBi BcecMJibHbixi, mojiohhwx^ xpa- 
 CTOBii. 9Ta oopboa iipiiHiiMaeTi) (|)opMy oprannsoBaHHaro /i;Bir/KeHia bi> 
 TeqeHie 4-x'b jitTHeil KaimaHiii h ^ajia ctojib 6jiecTauj,ie peayjibxaTbi, 'ito 
 iiSMiHiiJia KopeHHbiM'b oopasoMt BCK) ToproBO-irpoMbiffljieHHyio ciiTyar^iio 
 MO.i04Haro ftlj-ia bo Bceii cxpaHt. 
 
 Bo MHonixi. arpapHbixi) paiioHaxt j];aBHO yace cymecTBOBajiii iiejiKia 
 oo'beji.iiHeHiii (|)epMepoB'b, opraHiisoBaHHbixi. ^.la pas.iiniHwx'b ii.'b.'ieii B3a- 
 iiMOiiOMomii (iicnbiiaHie MO.io^iHaro CKOia, ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHie MeioflOB'b 
 caHiiTapiiaaniii ii npoii3BO/i,CTBa MO.noKa ii t. ;i;.), ho, BciiAcxBie CBoett 
 
 pa3p03HeHH0CTII, OHM OeSCILIbHbl Obl.lH HpOTIlBOJl.'fei'iCTBOBaTb MO.lO'IIIblMl. 
 
 ipacTaMT,, KOTopbie AnirroBaau iim-b HeBbiro;i;HbM iitHbi MOJOKa. 
 
 .Tnra ,3Io.io'iHo-f!>epMepcKiiX7> OpraHii3ai],iii" ii B3iMa Ha ce6H hhh- 
 HiaiHBy ooteAimeHia bcIixl (|)epMepoBT, ji^m opraHii3ai];in cObiia MOiiona 
 110 6o.Ti>e O.iaronpiaTHbiMi. n.-fenaMT.. 
 
 CaMO coooli paayM-feexca, ^ixo no;i;o6Haa opaHH3au,m Morjia paocin- 
 xMBaxb Ha ycnixi, .iniub bt. xomx. cjiyiai, ecjiH oh oO-beAHnn-iiocb, no 
 KpaiiHeti M'bp'fe, iiOAaBJiiiioinee So.ibmnHCXBO <|)epMepoB'b, cowBaionuixb 
 
 CBOe MO.IOKO MOJO'lHblMX. KOMITaHJilM'b, X. K. 3a HeHM-fenieMX. C06cXBeHHbIXT> 
 
 nacxepn3ai],iOHHbixx. aaBOAOBx, ii j^pynixx. BcnoMoraxejibHbix'b cpeACXBb 
 pacnpeA'fe.inxe.ibHaro aimapaxa, (][3epMepa, o6x.e/i;nHeHHbie bx. „JInry", ne 
 Mor.iH 5bi ycxanoBurb Henocpe;i,cxBeHHaro KOHxpaKxa ex. ropo;i;cKnMn no- 
 xpeOHxe.xflMH, a HeopraHii30BaHHaa qacxb ^epMcpoB-L npo^io.iiKa.xa 6hi 
 oocjiyjKHBaxb MO.iO'iHbia KOMnanin. 
 
 BcKopt nocji op^aH^3a^in .,.lHra", Kor^a kx> Hen iipncoe/i;5mirjiocb 
 HtcKOJibKO xbicTrb ^)epMepoBx., ObiJia o6x.aBjieHa nepsaa (!916 r.) mc- 
 jio^Haa 3a6a,cT0Bi.-a — oxKaax. npoflaBaxb mojioko iia n]ieA.io;reHnbiX'b yc- 
 jTOBiaxi. MOJio^HbiMH KOMHaHiflMH, 3xa 3a6acxoBKa obLia Bbinrpana ^ep- 
 MepaMH. .liimb cx:. 3xoro MOMenxa bcL (|)epMepa no'iyBCXBOBajiii cJinm- 
 
— 65 — 
 
 komtj OHeBiiAHyio Bbiro/i;y opraHHSOBaHHOfi 6opb5H ii Cbicipo ciajiH npHco- 
 eAHHJiTbCfl Ki> Jlnrt. 
 
 K-b 1-My Mapiy 1919 ro;i;a Hac^HTbrnaeica 996 MlicniMxi. OTfl-fe- 
 .lOB'b JlnrH, paBOpocaHHbixt bi. 6 mTaTaxt: KoHHeKTiiKyrb, Maccaiy- 
 ceici, HbH)-/l,;Kep3H, Hbio-IopKi), IleHCHjibBaHm, BepMOHTt. Bi) Hee bxo- 
 ^HTTb 65.512 ^jieHOBi. cb 744.700 MOJio^HbiMH KopoBaMH, ^iTO cocTaBJiaerb 
 90% Bcfext (|)epMepoBi) BbimeynoMaHyTbixi IIlTaTOBi.. 
 
 npHHi],Hnbi opraHH3aii,iH JlnrH CBOAaxca ki. cji'^^yiomeMy : — Ilpe/i;- 
 
 CXaBHTejIII Ml3CTHbIXl> OTA't.'IOB'b Ha CBOHXl. liepiO/^HqeCKHXl. C^tB^aXT. Bbi- 
 
 6HpaK)Ti ^HpeKi^iK) I],eHTpajibHOH Aum: 
 
 1. M-fecTHbie OT^-fejiH Jlnm (JIoKaji KoonepaTHB AccociafiuioH) 
 Ha cBOHX'b ooiu,HX'b co5paHmxT» HsOHpaiorb HcnojiHHiejibHbm KoMHTen* 
 BTa jihu'Ij npesHAeHxa, ceiipeiapa h KaccHpa ^Jia nocToaHHbix'b cHomeHiu: 
 cb HeHTpa.ibHOH JlHroM H Be^eHm xeKymnx-b jaf^jn,. 
 
 2. CMe^KHbie oxAliJibi oOpasyioxi. PafioHHbm I^eHxpi, (PHAacHonajr 
 KoonepaxHB'b AccociafimoH) na xeppHxopiH yacxH hjih Bcero uixaxa. 
 
 3. PaSoHHbie ox;i;'fe.ibi oOteAHHaroxca bx. Il,eHxpajibHyK) Jlnry, npe^- 
 cxaB.iawmyio oojiacxnyio opraHH3an,iK) nljCKOJibKHXX) mxaxoBi. 
 
 II,eHTpa.ibHaa Jura H36Hpaexca na oOjiacxHbixx. eaceroflHhix'b cits- 
 ;^ax'i. H cocxaBJifleTca \mi> 5 AiipeKxopoBx. h ^pe3H;^eHxa. 
 
 Ha ooaauHHOCTii ;i,Hpeitij,iH JiejKHX't: 
 
 1. ll;jA!inie e^Kene/i.'bjibHaro atypnajia. 
 
 2. 0praHH3au,ia MOJioyHbix-b BbicxaBOKX,. 
 
 3. 3aooxa o6x. y.iyumeHiH MOJioinaro npoH3BO/^CTBa. 
 
 4. 0praHH3ai;ia peryjiapHbixx, KOH(|)epeHi^ifi Bdjx-b qjieHOB-b jiHni. 
 
 5. CHomeHie ex. npaBHxejibcxBeHHbiMii h caHHxapHO-KOHxpojifaHHMH 
 yipejKAeHiaMH. 
 
 6. Pa3pa6oxKa HOBbixx. npoeKxoBx. /^-feaxejibHOcxii JlnrH bx, o6;iacTH 
 oOopy;i;oBaHm co6cxBeHHbixx. nacxepHsauiOHHbixx. ;^eno. 
 
 7. ^HpeKi^ia Hsy^aex-b nojiojKenie MO.fioqHaro pbiHKa h ycxanaBJiH- 
 Baexx. KOHxpaKXbi ex. MOJioqHMMH 4)HpMaMH Bctxx. M-fecxeqeKT, H 
 
— 66 — 
 
 ^opo;^OB'B Ha nocTasKy onpefltjieHHaro KOJiHiecTsa MOJioKa, no 
 D.iHaM'L $HKCHpoBaHHHM'b aBaHcoMt Ha Tpii M^c^a. (Pa- 
 cUitHKa Be;i;eTCJi na 100 (J)yHTOBi. wojiOKa). 
 
 ^Jia coAepacaHw JlHrn oSpa^yeica (J)ohji;'f. nrsi, OTqHCjieHitt ci (J)ep- 
 poBT. B-b pasM'tpt 1 ii,eHTa sa KaacAwe 100 (|»yHTOB'b npo^aHHaro MOJiOKa. 
 
 .Iura HBjiaeTca BticinHMi. opraHOMi, no cObiry MOJiOKa. Oiia Jinrn- 
 30BaHa I],eHTpa.ibHofl rocy/i,apcTBeHHOH r,.iacThF) ii noMiiMO ea hh oaiiht. 
 n.-itti'b opraHH3ai],iH ne Moacerb npo/i,aBaTb MOJiOKa na CTopoHy. Bt cbok) 
 o«iepe/;b, MOJiotmbia KOMnaHiii Moryii. no-iyiaxb mojioeco ho imaue, iiawb no 
 nepio;i;HqecKH ycTaHaBJiimaeMfiiM'b n.'feHaftrb nyieMt cneii,ia.ibHHXi> corjia- 
 jueHifi cii Jlnrott. 
 
 OnTOBAfl Ut>HA HA MO/IOKO, yCTAHOBilEHHAfl JW/WOfH J\J\f\ 
 rOPOAA HbK)-IOPKA Ha *EBPA-nb— IVIAPT"b 1919 TOAA. 
 
 IIpoeTpaHCTBo TpaHcnopxHpoBKH MO- 3a 1000 ^yHioBi uojiosa bi 40 6y- 
 
 josa Bi HHaaxi oTi HbH)-IopKa TUJiouHbixi. uuHKOBbix'i> CasiKax-L 
 
 $eBpajib MapiT. 
 
 On. 100 MHJib H MeHbme 3 aoji. 72 n;. 3 aoji. 49 i^. 
 
 CBbime 10 M., HO He 6ojibme 20 m. 3 „ 70 „ 3 „ 47 „ 
 
 Cfibime 20, ho He oo.ibuie 30 3 „ 69 „ 3 „ 46 „ 
 
 CsHme 30, ho ne 6o-ibme 40 3 „ 68 „ 3 „ 45 „ 
 
 KoH^aeTca Dia cuajia u,'feH'b: 
 
 CBbime 500, ho He Oojibme 550 3 „ 22 „ 3 „ 05 „ 
 
 KoonepanioHHbBn. neHipoMT. bthxi o6jiacTHbix'b JiHFb flB.iaioTca eace- 
 roAHbie cb-feBAbi. 
 
 TaKHMi. oSpasoMt, sa 41/2 ro^a (J)epeMepH co3Aa.iH Momnyio Hai;io- 
 HajibHyio opraHH3ai^iK), napajiH30BaBmyK) ;i,tHTe.ibHOCTb Mo.ioqHbix-b ipa- 
 
 CTCHT.. 
 
 CHJia BTHXi. .inn. B03poc.Ta ocooenno ct. AenaGpa Miicfniia 1918 r., 
 WTjin iiMii 6H.ia npoBe^eHa ,n;.iHTe.ibHaa saoacTOSKa cb HeoSbiKHOBeHHbrab 
 3RTy3ia3M0MT., BT. pesyjibiaT* KOiopoii MO.ioqHbia KOMnaniii j^ojihxHH 6um 
 
— 67 — 
 
 npHHSTb ycjiOBia JLum h noAHaib 4)epMepaM'B 11,'feHy Ha mo.ioko sa aHsapb 
 Micau,!. cb 3 ^ojiJi. 60 i],eHTOBT, ^0 4 ;i,ojiji. 1 i^eHxa sa 100 4>yHT0Bi>. 
 
 Cpe^^Haa ii.'feHa Ha mojioko sa 1917 ro/i;!. paBHa.iacb 2 ^ojiji. 41 ii;eHTy 
 (3a 100 (J)yHTOB'b), a Bi. 1918 ro^y, OJiaroAapa BHepnwHofi fliiiTejib- 
 HOCTH I],eHTpajibHOH JIiirH, ii.'feHa SbiJia no/i;HJiTa fto 3 ^i.ojiJiapoB'b 1 i];eHTa, 
 T.-e. Ha 60 n.GHTOB'b Bbime npoiiijiaro ro/i,a, ^ixo cocxaBiiJio ^ncxott npii- 
 6bTJiH fljia 60.000 (|)epMepoB'b, cocioamiixi) njienaMH Hbio-IopKCKOft Jlnrn, 
 — 20.485.206 ;i;oji.iiapoBX). oa 60 BHiirpanHbixx. i^enxoBi. co 100 ^ynxoB'b 
 npo;a[aHHaro MOJiOKa ^epMepbi ox^HCiiiJiH Bcero .iumb oj!,iiwb n.enx'b bb 
 nojibsy JiHrH. Ecjih ii Bnpe;i,b ;i;'feaxe.ibHocxb ^epjiepcKHXi. Jiwrb OyAex-b 
 npo;i;ojiJKaxbCH btj xomx. ace MacuixaOi, xo bb OjiiuKaflniie ro/i;bi Moamo 
 oacH/i;axb nojiHOfi jiHKBUflai^iH mojiotihhxb KOMnaniH no Bcen cxpani. *) 
 
 Yace xenepb i];eHxpa.ibHbifl jiurn paspaOaxbiBaroxx. n-ianx* o6opy/i;oBa- 
 Hia coOcxBeHHbixi) mojio^irhxI) ;i;eno, Mac.io^'feJibHbixB 11 cHpoBapeHHbixi> 
 3aBo;i;oBx. BO Bcixx. SojibmiiXB ropo^axX) h npoBHHii.iajibHbix'b MOjioqHO- 
 npoMHuiJieHRbiXB i:^eHxpax'b. 
 
 IIpoHSBO^cxBO MMoqEbixi. npoflyKXOB'b coOcxBeHHbiMH cpe;!;cxBaMH 
 nosBOJiHxx. $epMepaMX> yxHJiHanpoBaxb bi Jiixnee speMa Becb H36brroK^ 
 Henpo/i;aHHaro MOJiOKa ji;jia npoH3Bo;i;cxBa cbipa h Macjia h BHecexi 6ojib- 
 myio njiaHOMipnocxb h 3K0H0MiH) bi. mojio^hbixi. npoMbim.T[eHHOcxH h xop- 
 rOBJli BB AMepHKi. 
 
 KoMiixexB BocxoHCKOfi ToproBOH Uajiaxbi bx> cbogmx* o6cji'fe;i;oBaHiH 
 MOJio^Haro ^-fe-ia bb LUxax-fe HbK)-HHr.iaH;i;B (HoBaa Anrjiia) HacxOH^HBO 
 peK0MeH/i;yexB ^epMepaMB opraHH30Baxb co6cxBeHHHa MO.io'iHbia cbipo- 
 BapHH H Mac.iio;i;'fejibHHe saBO^bi, Haxo;i;a bb sxomb eji;HHcxBeHHbifi npa- 
 BHJibHbifi nyxb ;^JIa pa3p'femeHia MiJcxHbixB MO.iio^HbixB npoejieMB: jp,e- 
 ineB.ieHia 11 y.Ty^raeHia Ka^ecxBa MOJiOKa. 
 
 3a nocji'fe;^Hie xpii ro;!;a KOonepaxiiBHbia MOJio^Hbia ;i;eno bb HoboB 
 AnrjiiH, o6opy;i;oBaHHBia b^ BecbMa CKpoMHbixx. pasnipaxB, cxoHMOcxbio 
 OTb 2.000 ji;o 20.000 ;i;o.TiJiapoBB, npHHOCHJiH KOonepaxHBaMB eacero;tHO 
 OKOJio 100.000 j^ojiJiapoBi. nncxofl ngiiSbi.TiH. 
 
 Bi* 3aE.TiK)^eHie mh MoaceMt cKasaxb, qio cb pocxoM-b KOonepaxH- 
 Bowb pasBHiie MOjio^naro ji;'fejia bi AMepnKi ;i;ocTHrHe'rb eme GojibraHTb 
 
 *) Bi HOHfipi Micxuib 1919 r. ropojiCMMi caMoynpaBieHicMi r. Hbio-IopKa no- 
 CTAHOBJieHo npncTynnTK Ri HeMeA^eHHOH paapafioxRt njiana MyHHiiBnajHsaqiH moxoh- 
 BSro CHa6»eHifl. 
 
— 68 — 
 
 pesyjibiaTOB'B Bt oOjecth hg tojilko caHHTapH3an;iH h lexHUKH MOJioqnofi 
 iipoMbiniJieHHOCTH, HO 9TH KOOiiepaTiiBbi, no npuM-fepy J^ajKCKHXt Macjiofli- 
 
 JIOBT, n KaJIH4)0pHCKHX'B (|)pyKT0B0A0Bl., CMOryTb BbmOJIHHTL BCIO CJIOJKHyiO 
 
 3aji;a'iy opraHH3aii;iH cSbiia h cnaSKeHia mojiokom-b KpynHifiniHX'b anepH- 
 KaHCKHXi ropo^toBi. 
 
 J[jisi HjrjiiocTpaii;iH Toro, KaKi. MOJioiHbm ii;'6Hbi ycTaHaBJiHBaiOTCfl, mh 
 npuBejiH Bbinie OrojijieieHb ^kwb 3a ^eBpajib ii Maprb wkcmi^hi, onySjiH- 
 KOBaHHLie JiHroft p,jia. ropo^a Hbio-IopKa Ha mojioko ci» 3% coAepsKH- 
 MOCTbH) MOJioqHaro JKHpa, rpaflan,iH „B". 
 
— 69 
 
 CHABWEHIE MO/IOHOMTd FOPOAA HbK)-IOPKA. 
 
 0paHH3aij,ia cnaOaieHia mojiokom'l rupu/],a Hbro-Iopica iipe;i,CTaB.iHeTi> 
 OflHy HSt TpyAHiHrnHxt npoCjieMi) no cmeii cjiojkhocth ii rpaHAiosHHMfc 
 pasM'fepaM'L KOJiiPiecTBa MOJiOKa, nocraB.i^ieMaro eiKe;i;HeBHO ]\jm Hace.ieHiii 
 B-L 9.000.000 Me-iOBtKi.. 
 
 Bee cHaOaieHie mojiokomI) KOHxpojiiipyeTCJi ipeiwa KpynHbiMii uOiMMep- 
 qecKHMH KOMnaHiaMii h „KoonepaTHBHOH .iHrofl ^epMepoBi,", oOteAHHfl- 
 lomeii 80.000 (J)epMepoB'L. 
 
 Mh^ yji;ajiocb iipocjii^^iiTb nocxaHOBKy ^^'fe.iia B-b oji,hoh ii3i. caMbixii 
 KpynHbixi. ^epM-b „Bordens Farm Products Company, Inc." B^ Hbio- 
 lopKt, oiincaHie Koxopofi MO/iveT'b cjiyiKirrb jiyiimeii iiJijiiocTpaniefl jijisi xa- 
 paKxepHCTHKii opraHH3ai],iH CHao^Kenia MOJioKOM'b, ne tojibko ropo;i;a Hbio- 
 
 lopKa, HO II BCfeXT) MHOrOJIIOAHblXI. HCHTpOBX) CoeAHHeHHblX'b lIlTaTOBX. 
 CtBepHOH AMepiIKH. 
 
 „Bordens Farm Products Company, Inc." cymecTByei'b Cb 50-XT. 
 ro^OB'b npouijiaro CTOJitTia. Ea ochobhoA KaiiHTajix. cocTaBJiaeit 17.000. 
 000 flOJi.iapoB'b II aKii,iii AoiiymeHbi K-b KOTHpoBKi Ha OiipHcfe. tomi>, Ha- 
 CKOJibKO npo^iHO OHa CTOirn, bl (|)iiHaHC0B0M'b OTHomeniii, noKaBaie.ieMb 
 aBJiiiexca BWfla^ia 6 — 8% AHBH/teH^a B-b xe^enie nocjii^Hnxx. 12 Ji-fexx.. 
 
 9xa (|)npMa cneii,ia.!iH3HpoBajiacb Bceii.'fejio na nocpeflnnnecxBt Menc/ty 
 iipoH3BOAiixe.iieM'b-(})epMepoM'b ii ropo/i,cKHMi> noxpeOHxejieMx. no nocxasKli 
 »;HAKaro MO.iOKa, CMexaHbi ii c.iiiBOK'b. Bet ocxajibHbie bhah ea. fltjixejib- 
 HOCXH HMiioxx. BenoMoraxc.iibHoe SHa^ieHie. 
 
 SAHynhA MO/IOKA. 
 
 Bt OKpeexHocxHX'b ropo^a Hbio-IopKa, bi pa^iycb 400 MiiJib, 9xa 
 ({)HpMa oGopyAOBa.ia 250 KOHn,eHxpanioHHbixX) cxaHii;ifi, Ky^a hoabosiixcji 
 eace^HeBHO cBtjicee mojioko ()[)epMepaMii, JKHBymnMH bX) npiweraioiuHXb 
 Vb KOHn,eHrpanioHHbiMX) exannijiM'b, ])ari0Haxx>. 
 
— 70 — 
 
 $epMepT. oObiKHOBeHHO saKJiro^iaext KOHipaKT'b ct (|)npMOfi na no- 
 craBKy onpe^'fe.ieHHaro KOjiiniecTBa aiojiOKa bi. leneHie ro;i;a, nojiyroAa hjih 
 'laiue Bcero OAHoro M-fecana no to^iho $HKCHpoBaHHofi i^tHt Ha 100 (Jiyn- 
 
 TOBl. MOJIOKa. 
 
 IIpii CTaiiii,hi HaxoAiiTca 2 — 3 paSo^Hxi. h saBiiAyromiil, KOToptifi 
 oo'B'bajicaeT'L (J)epMepoB'b, ycTaiiaB.iiiBaei'fc Cb hiimh cor.iameHia, KOHxpai;- 
 Tbi Ha nooTaBKy, pacyexbi h np. n peryjiMpyexi. TpaHcnopTHpor.KV MOJioua 
 Bi cooTB'feTCTBiH CB iiHCipyKi^iiiMH, nocTynaioiii,HMH HS-b rjiaBHOfr HblO- 
 
 lopKCKOii KOHTOpbl. 
 
 MojioKO coAepHCHTca na 9thxt> CTaHii;iiixi. bt. xeqenie 3 — 6 nacoB'b 
 H xpaHHTca B'b oobPiHHX'b u.HHKOBbix'b oaHKaxi.. 
 
 PACnPEAt»;iEHIE IVIO/IOKA BIj KOHUEHTPAi;iOHHblX"b 
 CTAHUmX^. 
 
 Bi* BH^y Toro, qio KaiecTBo MOJiOKa, iiociynawmaro oit ^epMepoBi, 
 KOjeGjieica bi. npoi^enTHOM'b co;i;ep3KaHiH iKHpa, (oti. 3 — 4%) h xpe- 
 OoBaHie na KOJiHiecxBO MO.iOKa hsx. Hbio-IopKa wknueTcsi noixn KajK^Hfi 
 ^enb, xo npHXOAHxcii pacnpe^'fejiaxb mojioko bi. sasHCHMOcxH oxi. ero Ka- 
 MecxBa H KOJiHiecxBa MeHC^y Hbro-IopKOMX. ii 3aB0;^aMH, Bordens Farm 
 Products Company, Koxopbie pa36pocaHbi no Bceny Hbio-IopKCKOMy mxa- 
 ly. 
 
 TaKHMx. o6pa30Mx., Aocxnraexca yxHJinsai^m Bcfext HsSbixKOB-b mo- 
 jiOKa oxx> eHceAHeBHOH npoflaacn bt, Hbro-IopK* hjih ;i,pyrHxt ropo/i,ax'b: 
 HyapKl), IlaxepcoHt, IlacceHKt., Hcxx. 0paH/^3C'b, MoHXKJiep'fe h x. /i,., 
 Koxopwe cHaSjKaioxcii xofi ate KOMnanieii. 
 
 TPAHCnOPTMPOBKA MOJIOKA. 
 
 Bet JKe.i'fesHO/topojKHbifl .iHHin, nofli. BJiiameM'b ^tiixejibHOcxn caHH- 
 xapHbixx y'lpejKAeHiii n ropo/^cKnxi, caMoynpaB.ieHiM, ycxanoBHjni xapH(|)T, 
 Ha 12% T^enxoBT, nmie oSbinnaro ji^jin nepeB03KH MO.iOKa h nocTpoii.ui 
 cnenia.ibHbie pe(|)perepaxopHbie BaroHbi. npHKptnjiaeMbie kx. aitcnpec- 
 CHHMx> not,3AaMx, n oSopyj^oBaHHwe no xnny nepBOKJiaccHbix-B naccaacnp- 
 
— 71 — 
 
 CKHXt BarOHOBl). OhH BMtmaiOTi 300 MOJIO^HMXl. OHAOHOB'L HJIH 550 
 
 amHKOBi cii 12 OyxHjiKaMH KaacAHH. 8th BaroHH iim^ioti. BeHXHJiaTophi 
 H flBepH ch ooinxi. cTopoHi), ^iTO n03B0JiaeTi. jierKyio h OLicTpyio norpysKV 
 MOJiOKa. B^ KpHfflax'L BaroHa iipofl-fejiaHbi jiiokh pa HanojiHenm Ba- 
 roHOBT. jifc^OM'b Ha Jieji^HEhixTy cxaHD.iax'b Jibj^OM'b, KOTopLiM noMimaeica 
 Bi* OC06LIXX. KapMaHaxt h no^AepiKHBaeT'L nocToaHHyio TeMnepaiypy b;^ 
 40° no $apeHrefiTy. 
 
 Bcjit;^CTBie loro, ^to miaT'L Hbio-IopKi. OTJiH^aeica HCKJuo^Hiejib- 
 HOfi njiOTHOCTLH) HacejiemH (23.000.000 qejiOB^KX.), to no BcfeMT. npH- 
 ropo^ijHHM'B :Kejii3HOffopjKHbiMi> jiHHiaMT) pacncioacena npeBBM^aSHO ry- 
 ciaa ctTb CTaHn,ifi, ijifl^ ycTpoenbi Bcfe neoSxcAiiMbia oOopyflOBania p,j[a. 
 xpanenia MOJiOKa, KOTopoe nocTaBiaexca b-b Hbio-IopK'b cb neBipoaxHOft 
 
 dHCXpOXOfi H Bl) KaKOMT. yrOffHO KOJIH^ieCXB-fe. 
 
 PACnPEAtilEHIE MOJIOKA BT? TOP. HbK)-IOPKt». 
 
 Jo 10-TH qacoBi. yrpa neoSxo^HMoe KOJiiraecTBO MOJiOKa nociynaerB 
 Ha pasjiHiiHLia acejiianojijopojifHbm cxamijiH ch KOHi];eHxpai];ioHHbixT> nyHK- 
 
 TOBT> HB-b npiirOpO/^HblXT) MicXHOCXGH H SaX'feMT) pa3B03IIXCa Ha aBT0M06H- 
 
 Jiaxi, saKpbiTHX'b KysoBaMH, no 7-mh nacxepH3an;ioHHbiM'b 3aBo;i;aM'b, npn- 
 HaAJieacamHM'b xog-ace ^npnt h pacnojioaceHHbiMT> B-b pa3JiHnHbix'b ^lacxaxT* 
 ropo^a HbH)-IopKa. 
 
 IlepBaH onepaipa co cB'feacHM'B MCiOKOMt Ha^nmaeTca cl pasrpysKH 
 aBX0M06HJiefi. Bh^ohh cl mojiokomT) nocxynaroxx. na 3aKpbixyK) njiax- 
 (|)opMy, r^-fe onopaajHHBaioxca bx. oxKpnxbifi KySHqecKifi cocy^X), a 3ax'feMT. 
 nycxHMH nponycEaioxcii na KOHBeepaxx. ^epesx. ocoSyio Mamnny, tji,^ ohh 
 o6ivibiBaK)Tca cHJibHofi cxpyefl ropn^ett Bo;i;bi h napa. OxciOAa ohh ^bh- 
 acyrca nenpepbiBHofi BepeHHn;efi kx. njiax^opMi, oxKy^a yoa^biBaioxca 
 Ha rfe Hce rpysoBbie aBxoMoSHJin c^ npHU'fenHbiMH xeji-feraMH ^jia bo3- 
 Bpan];ema no jk.-ji;. jinniaM-b oSpaxno na Kom];eHxpan;ioHHbia cTannjiH. 
 
 JajibH^firaie npoi^eccbi nacTepn3aipn saxojraacHBama, pasjiHBKH h 
 xpanenia MOJiOKa npoHcxo;^axx> aHajiornnHbiMt oSpasoM-b, KaKx. 9x0 onir- 
 cano naMH bx> cnei^iajibHbixx. rjiasaxx). 
 
 UpoHSBOj^HTejibHOCTb yKasaHHbixx. ceMH nacxepHsai^ioHHBrx'b ;^e^o 
 KOJieejiexcH otx, 25.000 ao 75.000 fiyibLiOKi MO.WKa, BbinycKaeMHX'b na 
 npo^^aacy B-b cyxKn. 
 
— 12 — 
 Bcb onepanioHHLm noM'kmeHiH ]i,^iw coAepacaTCii Bt TmaiejibHOM: 
 
 ^HCTOrfe. 
 
 IIo.iw, cor.iaciio xpeooBaHiK) caHHiapfiaro KOHipo.ia, BWCTJiaHbi ii;e- 
 
 MeHTOMl), BCt CltHbl OO.lOJKeHM H3paCIl,0BbIMH KlipiUmaMH. 
 
 Becb paSo'iiJi nepconajiT. nojiyqaeii. oti. (|)HpMbi ciieD,iajibHoe xoji- 
 meBoe O-fejibe n, iipejK^e ^^wh iipHHiiMaeTc^ iia cjiyaioy, no^BepraeTca 
 iMe;i;ni],HHCKOMy ocBnA'feTejibCTBOBaHiio. 
 
 Okojio 60% paGo^iHxi. bt, ^eno cocto^t^ mi> JKeHmim-b, sapaSaxbi- 
 BaiomHxi. OKOJIO 4 jifiA. m> AeHb. SaBt^yiomie paooiaiviH roBopHJiii MHt, 
 qxc jKeHmHHbi fibicTp-he w iinaTejibHt.e ynpaBJiaiOTca ci, MbiibeMi. iiocy^bi, 
 pasjiiiBKofi II yiiaKOBKOfl oyTbuoKi.. 
 
 IIpii KaHi;i;oM'b ;i;eno HMijioica BJieKipimecEafl CTaHii,iii, napoBbie kot- 
 JIH, OTAiJieHia AJiH npoH3Bo;^CTBa Jib^a, pe(|)pii}KiipaTopHbifl noMtmenm, m> 
 KOTopLix'b TGMnepaTypa noflepjKHBaeTca bt. npe/i;'fejiax'b 6° — 8° no $a- 
 peHrefiiy. 
 
 $HpMa coAepjKHT-b OKOJio 1.000 coScTBeHHbix'b jioina/i;eH; h ciojibKO 
 ace (|)yproHOBi> aji^ pasBOSEii MO.iOKa. 
 
 Ha Hbio-IopKi. paCoTaeii. 40.000 (|)epMep0B'b Cb 4.000.000 KOpoB-b *) 
 
 MojiOKO nocTaBJiaeTCfl bi. KOJiimecTBt okojio 2.000.000 OyxbiJiOK'b 
 eHve^HeBHO 1131, 7-mh uiTaTOBi,**). 8to mo.ioko coOiipaexca ci, 1.200 
 KOHiieHxpai^ioHHbix'b cxaHii,iii 11 no^BOsiixca no 11 a^eJIi3HO;^opoH^HbIM^> 
 jiHEiaMX. na pascxoanin oxx. 50 ]i<d 425 MMb. 
 
 Ho HbK)-IopKy MOJIOKO pa3B03Hxca BT. 5500 ^ypronax'L no 127.000 
 KBapxupaMX. H yiipe}K/i;eHiaMx.. 
 
 Bx, MOJioqnyio npoMHmjieHHOcxb ropofla Hbio-IopKa BJioaceno 25.000. 
 000 flOJi.iiapoBi; oxx. npo;];a}KH MOJiOKa Bbipyqaexca — 200.000.000 ^OJi- 
 .lapoBx, eaceroAHO, ns'b Koxopbixx, 50% cocxaBJiaexx. Bbipy^iKy (|)epMepoBi, 
 ocxajibHHe nocxynaioxX) MO,xoqHbiMXi EOMnaHiaMX) — N. H. Parker, City- 
 Milk Supply, N. Y. C. 1917. 
 
 *) (Dr. North, Superg. Milk, New York City, 1918.) 
 **) ("The Dairymen's League News," March.) 
 
73 
 
 npoMSBOACTBo cyxoro mojioka. 
 
 Bi niiTH;i;ecaTbixi. ro^axi. XlX-ro cTOJiiTiii h^kto r. rpaMBajit b-s 
 AHrjiiH npoHSBe.i'b nepBHH, ho OeBycntiDHbifi, onbiTt nojiy^ieniH cyxoro 
 MOJiOKa nyieMi* BbmapiiBama. 
 
 Bt 1899 r. B. B. Fappn HSoSptji'L aimapaTi) ^.m npoHSBOftCTsa 
 cyxoro MOJiOKa, h ci. aioro BpeMeHH ES,mmaeTb pasBHBaTBca bi. idhpokom'b 
 MacfflTaOt npOHBBOACTBO cyxoro MOJiOKa Bt AMepHK-fe. 
 
 Ojpia EB'h Kpymi'feftninxi) mecin ^npH-L, onepnpyioni;nT& b-b mraTl) 
 Hbro-IopKi, „Merrell Soule Powdered Milk Company", nepsaa 060- 
 pyAOBajia (JjaOpHKy cyxoro MOJiOKa bt> 1905 ro;i;y bt^ ropo/i.t $aficTe- 
 BHJii. II CO BpeMGHH HOKynKH naTGHTOB-B Ha pa3.iiHqHbm TexHH^iecKia yco- 
 BepmeHCTBOBaHifl b-l aiofi iipOMbimjeHHOCTn otI) r. Ciay^a (bi, IIoseH'fe, 
 FepMaHia) ycnijia OTKpbiib ^ecaxb HOBbixi) ana.nonmHbix'b ^aSpHK^ bi. 
 inTaTi Hbro-IopE-b: ApKa^a, ^peBcSypri), FeficBH.nb, K)thk1> h Bap- 
 maBt; bt. miaTi IleHCHjibBaHm: IOhiohi. Chth, Baiep^op;!;!,, 11 bi. mTaiii 
 He6pacKa: Onaxa, — noji;HJiBT, eace^nneBHoe npoiisBOACxBo cyxoro MOjiOKa na 
 Bcfexi. 4>a6p]iKaxi. cb 2.500 (|)yHTOBi, AB'feHa^u.aib ji-feTi. Tony nasa;!;!. ao 
 50.000 (|)yHTOBT., HJiH CBbime 125 ny^OB-b ejKe^HeBHO — bi. 1918 roji;y. 
 
 Hsi. 9Toro o/i;Horo (|)aKTa yjKe bii^ho, KaKoe Swcipoe pasBHTie npi- 
 oSp'feiaeTi. 9Ta ctojib MOJio^aa npoMbimjieHHOCTb bi. AwepHK'fe. 
 
 TaEie sHaiOKir MCTioiHaro ;i;i.ia, uaKi. ii;-pi. "nfapjiLBi. Hoprb, He 6e3T. 
 ocHOBaHia nciaraioTi., ^to bi. He;i;ajieKOMi. 6y/i;yn];eMi. noponiKO-oOpaBHOP 
 MOJiOEO, Hapajny CI. KOHj];eHCHpoBaHHbiMi., 6y;i;eTi. cjiyjKHib npepieiOMi. 
 MaccoBaro BKcnopia na HHOCTpaHHbie pbiHKH, ocoSenHO bi. iponnqecKifl 
 H xojio^HbM cxpaHbi, Tji^ KJiHMaTimecida ycjiOBm ne 6jraronpmTCTByiOTi> 
 MOJio^HOMy xo3flflcTBy. F-Hi. 0. $. Fiinii;HKepi., ;i;HpeKTopi. Mojio^naro 
 rT,enapTaMeHTa SKcnepHMeHiajibHofi CTaHn;iH miaxa HH/i;iaHa, bi cBoeii 
 paOoTfe cji'feAyioni.HMH cjiOBaMH xapaKTepHsyeii. cyxoe mojioko: 
 
 ,,^31. Bc^Th MeTo;i;oBT. npon3BOj];cTBa MO.io^naro noponiKa — nan- 
 Soji-fee coBepraeHHbifi npaKTHKyeTi. Meppejib n Fapn. Ohi. BaKJiio- 
 
— 74 — 
 
 qaeri. rpii Ba;KH'feiiiiiiix'b /i,ocTOiiHCTBa: OTcyTCTBie jkh/ikoh cjihsh, 
 no3BOJiJlK)ii],eH pasBiiBaxbca oaKxepiaMii; mojio'ihwh iKiipt ociaCTca 
 B-b ooOy.iiipHOH (|)opM'fe II BCJiiACTBie 8Toro Obicxpo H coBepmeHHO 
 cMtmiiBaeTca cb bo;i,uh; oopasyeii) KOHii,eHTpHpoBaHHyio 3MyjibciK), 
 co;i;epji{aii],yK) HaTypajibiibifi ajibOyMKHX) Bt HecBepibiBaiomeficii (ctbo- 
 paaciiBaiomeMCii) (})opMi5, mto oOesneqiiBaeT'b no.iHoe pacTBopenie 
 MOJioqHaro nopouiKa bi, BO^t". 
 
 IIpoi^eccT) BbinapiiBaHiii n-fe-iBHaro h qnciaro MOJiOKa ne noBpesKsaeTi. 
 ero JKHBHeHHbix'b iliii miTaTejibHbixi) Ka^ecTBi). 
 
 MojiOKO Bi> nopofflKOo6pa3HOM'b cocToaHiH HM'feeT'B 3Ha^iHTejibHbw npe- 
 HMymecTBa nepeji;!) oObiKHOBeHHbiM'B: 
 
 1. Bi) HeM-b npiocTaHaBJiimaeTCii pasBHiie 6aKTepm, ii nOTOMy oho 
 BnojiHt TOfl^EO ji^ja. npo/i;o.ii3KHTe.iibHaro xpaneHm. 
 
 2. Bt 3T0H ^opM-fe ero Jierqe Bcero yiiaEOBaTb, TpaHcnopTHpoBaib 
 H coAepjKaTb AJifl iipoji;ajKH. 
 
 3. 9to HaiiSoji'fee /^emeBbifi ii yji;o6HbiH MOJio^iHbrii npenapai-b j^nn. 
 neneHm, $a6pHKaii,iH K0H(|)eKTi., Mopo}KeHHaro h ji^jin pasHaro 
 ynoTpeOjienm bi. Ky.iimapHOM'b jijoJii. 
 
 4. Ohi. nojiy^niJii. mnpoKoe pacnpocTpaHenie bi. KyxHJix'b pecio- 
 paHOBi*, KjiySoBi), napoxo^^OB-b h np., Bc.Tfe^iicTBie .lerKOCTH no- 
 .ly^eniH MOJiOKa, ynoipeS.T^eMaro ;i;jiii npHroTOB.ieHifi caMbix'b 
 pa3HOo6pa3HbTX'b 6.iiro;^'b, KaKt-io: coycoBi,, ny/^iiHroBi,, map- 
 jiOTi. H np. 
 
 Ero TpaHcnopinpoBKa bT) ceML pasT. ;i;eraeB.iie :Kn;i;Karo MOiOKa, 3a- 
 EJiioqaiomaro cejib ocbMbKL BO;i;bi. 
 
 KaK-b RSB'fecTHO, BT. ji-feTHie M-fecHiiibi y ^epMepoBi> nojiy^aeica 6ojib- 
 
 mofl I^SblTOK-b MOJIOKa, KOIOpblfl OHH BblHyJK^eHbl c6bIBaTb Ha ptlHOK'B 
 
 (;^JIa npoH3Boj^cTBa cbipa n nacjia) no Kpafine HH3KHM'b n;'feHaM'B. 
 
 Tenepb ace OTKpbTBaeica BOSMoacHOcib Hcno.Tib30BaTb btoti. hsOhtoki 
 jt.ia (|)a6pHKai^iH MOJio^Haro noponiKa no 6ojiie 6jiaronpiHTHbiM'b i^'fenaM^ 
 
 ir, liM-feCTt Ch rfeMI., BOCnOJIHilTb HMl) He^OCTaTOKlj BT. JKHflKOMI. MOJIOK'fe 
 
 Bi> 3]iMHie M'fec.HH.bi, Kor^a y/i;ofl KopoBi, 3HaqHTejibH0 coKpamaeiCH. 
 
 npoii3BOj^CTBO MOjTO^maro noponiKa na Kaac;i;oH ^aSpHK-fe cocTaBJiaert 
 Tafiny (|)npMi,T. Bet rexHiiqecKiH npHcnocoOjieniii na bthxi, (|)a6pnKaxi 
 
— 75 — 
 
 KaxT. naTeHTOBaHw ii BcaKoe nosaiiMCTBOBanie hmh HaKasHBaeica cypo- 
 BblMH KapaMH. 
 
 Mh MoaceM'B npe;i;cTaBHTb a^icb jiHinb Bne^iaiJi'tHia ot-l ocMOipa (j)a6- 
 pHKH Bi) ApKa/i.t, npHHa;i;jieacaiii,eH KonnaHiH „Meppe.ib Coyjii. Ilayflepi. 
 
 SA-fecb ynoTpeSjiaeica e}Ke/i;HeBHO j];o 300.000 KeapTi JKH/i;Karo mo- 
 jiOKa; ^epMepa iipiiBOEfHTi. mojioko bi, u.iiHKOBbix'b OaHKax'b. Cnei^i- 
 ajibHbie HHcneKTopa OTi:ynopHBaK)T'b 9th OaHKH h, nocji-fe npe;i;BapnTe.ib- 
 HOH HHcneKD,iH, cjiHBaiOT'b MOJIOKO Bi> Oojibuiie u,HJiHH^pHqecKie npi- 
 eMHHKH, OTKy^a OHO nocTynaeTi. no xpyOKaM'b b'b cenapaxopbi. oji,'hcb 
 oijiikjiesiTCii. MOJio^iHbiu jfciip-b, KOTopbitt nacTepHsyeica, saxojiaHciiBa- 
 eica H npnroTOBJiJieTCfl /i;jiii oniOBofi ii posHimHOfl npo/i;aHiii. Ociaiome- 
 eca cHflToe mojioko nocTynaei'b Bt cbok) oqepe;i;b b-b nacTepH3aii,iio. oa- 
 liwh mojioko HanojiH^eiT'b wb BaKyMHbia iiaiiiii, r^t BbmapHBaeicii BO^a 
 nyieM-b KOHAeHcai];iH b-b TeMiiepaTypt, coxpaHaioui,eH b^b HenoBpeHc^eH^ 
 HOM-b BHA'fe ajibOyMKHt H HG BJimK)iii,eH; Ha ocTajibHbie acHBbie ajieMeHiH 
 
 MOJIOKa. 
 
 Ilocjit BToro HacTynaeit. BaacHiflmaa, HanSojiie npo;i;ojiHCHTejibHaa 
 HacTb npoi],ecca. 
 
 KoHjiieHCHpoBaHRaH, rarynaa Macca npoTaniBaexcH nepesi) lonqafl- 
 mia OTBepcxia wb MeiajuiKiecKOMi. ^HCK'fe, ycTaHOBjieHHOMi. bt. BaKyM- 
 HOM-b CapaOani. OcTaxKH jkh/i,koh cjihbh wb bto BpeMH BbinapuBaiOTCii 
 ropa^HMi. B03/i;yxoM'b, a ocTajibnaa Bbicoxmaa ^acTb MOJiOKa Bbicbinaeica 
 Ha ffHO KaMepbi b'b Bii/i.'fe 6'fejiocH'fejKHOH Kpynbi, ^ipesBbiqafiHo noxoHcefi 
 Ha MyKy, cocTaBJiEK)ui,eH OKOHqaiejibHbiii npo^yKTi. MOjio^maro noponiKa. 
 
 KaK^ yace 6biJio saMi^ieHO, BbiiajKKa xarynefi MaccH qepeat M'fcflHbie 
 
 AHCKII He HSMiHaeTl. XHMHiieCKOII OCHOBbI MOJIOqnOfi KOMHOSiH. 
 
 IIocji'feAHaa onepai];m aaKjnoiiaeica B'b Me^JieHHOMi. oxjiaHc;i;eHin mo- 
 jio^iHOfi ny;i;pH, B'b n.'fejiax'b npe/i;oxpaHeHia ea ot'b BOSMO^Haro OKiicjienia. 
 
 Mo-ionnaa ny^pa nocTynaex'b bi. npo;i;aHv7 B'b 50, 10 h 5 ^yHTOBbixib 
 naKeiax-b, am.HKax'b hjih HeOojibuinx'b OoieHKax'b. 
 
 MojiQimaa ny^pa nocxynaeTij na pbiHOK'b B'b Bii^'fe pasHOoOpasHbix'B 
 MOjioqHbix'b npoflyKTOB'b, B'b 3aBHCHM0CTii OT'B npoMbiuiJieHHaro HaBHaqe- 
 Hia. 
 
— 76 — 
 
 1. MMOMHaa iiyApa ott, CHfliaro MOJiOKa "Powdered Skimmed 
 Milk" ii^eTT. Ha npnroTOB.ieHie Kiicjiaro MO.iOKa (Boiep Mhjik) 
 Bi, ^acTep^3a^i0HHbL<^ ropoffCKia ^eno ajih npoiisBO^CTBa o6wi- 
 Haro cTOJioBaro MOjiOKa, cjihboki. h npoqee. 
 
 2. nyApoBoe ^tJIbHoe mojioko (HoApeA O.i Mhjik) BbipaGaibiBa- 
 eTca II3T. HaxypajibHaro MOJiOKa, coAep^amee 3% MOJioqHaro 
 acHpa. Bt nopouiKO-oOpasHOM'b cocToaHiH oho saoroqaeTt oi-b 
 25% AO 271/2% MOJio^maro ampa. 
 
 Oho ycniuiHO sm'hEneTb oObi'iHoe KOHAencHpoBaHHoe mojioko. 
 
 3. HyApOBbM CJiHBKH — "Cream Powders" 
 BHpaoaTHBaioTca hsi. HaxypajibHaro MOJioua cb coAepaiHMOCTbio 
 9% MOJio^Haro JKiipa. nyApoBwa c.ihbkh Bbipa6aTbiBaH)Tca 
 
 Bt HiCKOJIbKHXX. COpiaXi, BT, KOTOpHXT. ^p0^eHTI, MOJIO^HarO 
 
 acHpa Bapwipyeica otI) 50 ao 72. 
 
 BoscTaHOBJienie MOJiOKa h-hh APyrHXi> MOJio^Hbix-b npoAyKTOB-L HS-b 
 BbimeyKasaHHbix'b MO.ioqnbixi npenapaxoBi. — npoHSBOAHTCH bx, AOMam- 
 HeMX. o6HxoAi nyieMX, pasBeAenm nyAbi boaoh, KOJin^iecxBo Koxopofl 6a- 
 .laHCHpyexcH bx. saBHCHMOCxH ox-b HaBHaqenia npHroxoBJiaeMaro MOJiOKa. 
 
 ;i,jifl nojiy^enm acHAKaro MOJiOKa, ^ame Bcero 6epyxt cji^Ayiomyio 
 ^po^op^iK): Ha 1100 ^jwiobi. boah — 91A — 9y2 MOJioqnaro noponiKa. 
 
 EcjiH Ha KaJKAbie 100 ^ynxoBX. boah nojiaraexca 9.5 $yH. MOJioqnaro 
 nopoHiKa, 10 A^a. nojiy^emii 1.720 ^yn. MOJiOKa noxpeOyexca 163 (|)yHxa 
 MOJio^iHaro HopomKa h 1.577 ^ynxoBX. boah. 
 
 Mo.io^iHbift nopofflOKX) o6bKHO pacxBopaexcH cji'feAyroniiHMX) chocoSom'l: 
 
 TpeOyeMoe kojih^bcxbo boah HajiHBaexcH bx. Koxejix., noAorpliBaeMBift 
 Ha yrjiHxx., ras'fe h.xh cacaxbiMX. napoMX.. Temnepaxypa boah noAHHMaexca 
 AO 90° — 100° ^apenrenxX), sax'feMX. noACbinaexca h pasM'femHBaeTCH co- 
 oxBtxcxByiomee KOJiH'iecxBO MOJio^maro noponiKa h, KorAa nocji'feAHiH okoh- 
 Maxe.ibHO pacxBopnxcii, — xeimepaxypy c.i'feAyeTX. noAHHXb 6bicxpo ao 145°, 
 BX. Koxopoft yate pasBeAenHoe mo.xoko BbiAepacHBaexcii 30 MHHyx'b, nocjii 
 ^lero ona Cbicxpo onycKaexcH ao 45° h xorAa mh nojiy^aeMX. roxOBufi npo- 
 AyKxx. AjIh ynoxpeOjienia. 
 
— 77 — 
 OcoOeHHoe mnpoKoe pacnpocipaHeHie nojiyinjit mojio^hhh nopouiOK.s 
 
 El npOHSBOflCTBi paSJIH^IHWX'b ^^PMeHTOBI. Kb MaCJIOAiJIlH H KllCjiaiU M(*- 
 
 jiOKa. 
 
 HaMt He ii3BicTH0, icaKi) ;i;ajieKO noRj^eTh pasBHiie npoH3BO/i;cTBa 
 MOJiOMHaro iiopoiuKa kl Oy^ymeMi), ho HMiioiuieca (J>aKTH no3BO.iaion> 
 saKJiio^HTb, 'iTO ToproBO-npoMbimjieHHoe SHaieHie cyxoro MOJioica, Bt yc- 
 jiOBi-flxi. AMepHKancKofi HHAycxpiH ^ipesBbPiaHHO Kpynno h co BpeMeHeMT> 
 saiiMert BHAaromeeca M-fecio b-b pji/iiy Apynixi. MOjiOMHbix'L npoAyKiOBi. 
 
78 
 
 npii;io}KEHiE I. 
 BMBJIlOrPAOW 
 
 Haggard, "Rural Denmark and its Lessons," 1913. 
 
 HiNMAN, "Butterfat Variation in Indianopolis Milk," Hoard's Dairy- 
 man, vol. 48, Aug. I, 1913. 
 
 Peck, "The Problem of Obtaining Milk for large cities and the Equal- 
 ization between Supply and Demand," Proc. 6th Annual Conven- 
 tion of the International Milk Dealer's Assn., pp. 75-79, 1913. 
 
 Van Slyke, "Modern Methods of Testing Milk Products," 1913. 
 
 Savage, "Milk and the Public HeaUh," 1912. 
 
 MiCHELS, "Market Dairying and Milk Products, 1912. 
 
 RosENAU, "The Milk Question," 1912. 
 
 Marshall, "Microbiology," 1912. 
 
 Ward, "Pure Milk and the Public Health," 1909. 
 
 Dillon, "The Milk Problem," 1916. 
 
 Kelly, "The Need for Medical Inspection of Employees who are En- 
 gaged in the Production and Handling of Milk," 4th Annual 
 Report of the International Assn. of Dairy and Milk Inspectors, 
 pp. 81-86, October, 191 5. 
 
 Campbell, "Medical Inspection of Certified Dairies," 111. Med. Jour., 
 vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 90-93, August, 191 5. 
 
 Bahlman, "Milk Clarifiers/' Am. Jour. Public Health, vol. 6, No. 8, 
 p. 854, 1916. 
 
 HiNKELMAN, "Micro-Organic Weight," 191 5, Illionis Med. Jour., vol. 
 29, No. 3, p. 202, 1916. 
 
 McClintock, "T'urther Investigation upon Clarification of Milk," The 
 iMilk Trade Journal, September, 1916, p. 64. 
 
— 79 — 
 
 Hammer, "Studies on the Clarification of Milk," Res. Bull. 28, Exp. 
 Sta., Iowa State College of Ag, and Mech. Arts, 1916. 
 
 Harding & Rogers, "The Efficiency of a Continuous Pasteurizer at 
 Different Temperatures," Bull. 172, N. Y. Ag. Expt. Sta., 1899. 
 
 Sammis & Bruhn, "The Manufacture of Cheese of the Cheddar Type 
 from Pasteurized Milk," Bull. 165, Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. 
 Dept. Ag., 1913. 
 
 Montaneer, Gaessler, Cooper & Hammer, "The Pasteurization of 
 Cream for Butter Making," Bull. 156, Iowa State College Ag. 
 Expt. Sta., 1914. 
 
 Pease, "The Sanitary Significance of Bacteria in Milk," Proc. 6th 
 Annual Convention of the International Milk Dealers' As'n, 1913. 
 
 Straus, L. G., "Disease in Milk — The Remedy Pasteurization," 1913. 
 
 Rupp, "Chemical Changes Produced ift Cow's Milk by Pasteurization," 
 Bull. 166, Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Ag., April, 191 3. 
 
 DoscH, "The Pasteurized Milk Fraud," Pearson's Magazine, Decern-, 
 ber, 19 10. 
 
 RoTCH, "The Pasteurization of Milk for Public Sale," Amer. Jour. 
 Public Hygiene, vol. 17, No. 2, May, 1907. 
 
 DeSchweinitz, "The Pasteurization and Sterilization of Milk," Year- 
 book U. S. Dept. Ag., 1894. 
 
 Ayres & Johnson, "The Bacteriology of Commercially Pasteurized 
 and Raw Market Milk," Bull. 126 Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. 
 Dept. Ag. 
 
 RosENAU, "Pasteurization, Its Advantages and Disadvantages," Circ. 
 153, Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Ag., 1910. 
 
 Weld, "George M., Oyster Jr., Baby Milk Philanthropy," 1912. 
 
 CoLLAWAY, "The Pasteurization of Milk," The Trade Milk Journal, 
 vol. 3, Nos. 8 and 9, October and December, 191,5. 
 
 Hansen & Parker, "Typhoid Fever in Rockford, III," Jour. Infect. 
 Diseases, vol. 16, No. i, p. 20, January, 1915. 
 
— 80 — 
 
 Smith, Theobald, "The Thermal Death Point of Tubercle Bacilli in 
 Milk and Some OtherFluids," Jour. Exper. Med., vol. 4, pp. 217- 
 233, 1899- 
 
 Russell & Hastings, "Thermal Death Point of Tubercle Bacilli Un- 
 der Commercial Conditions," Univ. Wis. Ag. Expt. Sta., 17th 
 Annual Report, 1900. 
 
 RosENAU, "The Thermal Death Points of Pathogenic Micro-organ- 
 isms in Milk," Hygienic Lab. Bull. 42, Public Health and Marine 
 Hospital Service, January, 1908. 
 
 LuMSDEN, "The Milk Supply of iCties in Relation to the Epidemiology 
 of Typhoid Fever," Bull. 41, Public Health and Marine Hospital 
 Service. 
 
 BoLDAN. "Typhoid Fever in New York City," Department of Health 
 of New York City, Monograph Series, No. 3, August, 1912. 
 
 Geiger & Kelly, "Pasteurization of Milk Supplies as a Protection 
 Against Typhoid Fever," Jour. A.M.A., Vol. 66, No. 3, Jan. 22, 
 1916. 
 
 Hess, "Infantile Scurvey; iii. Its Influence on Growth (length and 
 weight)," Am. Jour, of Diseases of Children, vol. 12, pp. 152-165, 
 August, 19 16. 
 
 Schroer & Rosenau, "Tests of the Efficiency of Pasteurization under 
 Practical Conditions," Flour Med. Res., vol. 26, No. i, April, 1912. 
 
 Russell, "The Year's Progress of the Experiment Station," Bull. 250, 
 Univ. Wis. Ag. Expt. Sta., April, 1915. 
 
 Sturgis, "The Role of Dairy Inspection in Safeguarding a City's Milk 
 Supply," Department of Health of the City of New York, Re- 
 print Series, No. 30, June, 191 5. 
 
 KiLBouRNE, "Pasteurization of Milk with Suggestions as to Methods 
 and Apparatus to be Employed," Am. Jour. Public Health, vol. 
 2, No. 8, pp. 626-634, August, 1912. 
 
 Ayres, "The Pasteurization of Milk," Circ. 184, Bureau Animal In- 
 dustry, U. S. Dept. Ag., 1912. 
 
— 81 — 
 
 Ayres, "Pasteurizing Milk in Bottles and Bottling Hot Milk Pasteur- 
 ized in Bulk," Bull. 240, U. S. Dept. Ag., July 191 5. 
 
 Ayres, Bowen & Johnson, "Cooling Hot-bottles Pasteurized Milk by 
 Forced Air," Bull. 420, U. S. Dept. Ag., October 27, 1916. 
 
 Castle, "The Chemistry of Milk," Hygienic Lab., Bull. 56, pp. 315- 
 425, 1909. 
 
 HuNziKER, "Pasteurization of Market Milk," The Milk Trade Jour., 
 pp. 36 and 44, June, 1916. 
 
 KiLBOURNE, "What Causes Contribute to the. Loss of the Cream Line 
 in Pausterized Milk in Bottles," Department of Health of New 
 York City, Reprint Series, No, 27, April, 1915; Jour. A. M. A., 
 vol. 63, No. I, p. 50, July 4, 1915, "Decision Upholding Auto- 
 matic Temperature Control." 
 
 Ayres & Johnson, "A Study of the Bacteria that Survive Pasteuriza- 
 tion," Bull. 161, Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Ag., 1913. 
 
 Ayres & Johnson, "Ability of Colon Bacilli to Survive Pasteuriza- 
 tion," Jour. Ag. Res., vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 401-416, Feb. 15, 1915. 
 
 Ayres & Johnson, "Ability of Streptococci to Survive Pasteuriza- 
 tion," Jour. Ag. Res., vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 321-330, 1914. 
 
 Thom & Ayres, "Effect of Pasteurization on Mould Spores," Jour. 
 Ag. Res., vol. 6, No. 4, 1916. 
 
 Davis, "Bacteriologic Study of Streptococci in Milk in Relation to 
 Epidemic Sore Throat," Jour. A.M.A., vol. 58, No. 24, pp. 1852- 
 1854, June 15, 1912. 
 
 Hamburger, "The Baltimore Epidemic of Septic Sore Throat and its 
 Relation to the Milk Supply," Bull. Johns Hopkins Hospital, 
 vol, 24. No. 263, pp. i-ii, 1913- 
 
 North, "Pasteurization of Milk in the Bottle on a Commercial Scale," 
 Med. Rec, July 15, 191 1. 
 
 Carter, "Pasteurization of Milk in the Sealed and Final Package," 
 Jour. Am. Public Health Assn., vol. i, No. 9, pp. 664-668, Sep- 
 tember, 191 1. 
 
— 82 — 
 
 Hammer, "The Pasteurization of Milk in the Final Package," Bull. 
 154, Iowa State College Ag. Expt. Sta., November, 1914. 
 Report of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forest- 
 ry of the Territory of Hawaii for the Biennium Ending Dec. 31, 
 1912, "Milk Purifying by Electricity," pp. 185-187. 
 
 Lewis, "Destruction of Bacteria in Milk by Electricity," Jour. Board 
 of Ag., vol. 22, No. 12, pp. 1229-1239, 1916. 
 
 F08D &■ Pryor, "Observations Upon the Bacteria in Milk Heated to 
 Various Temperatures," Bull. John Hopkins Hospital, vol. 25, 
 No. 283, pp. 270-278, September, 1914. 
 
 Pryor, "On the Presence of Spore-bearing Bacteria in Washington 
 Market Milk," Bull. John Hopkins Hospital, vol. 25, No. 283, 
 pp. 276-278, September, 1914. 
 
 Lawrence & Ford, "Studies on Aerobic Spore-bearing Non-palho- 
 genic Bacteria," Part i, Spore-bearing Bacteria in Milk, Jour, of 
 Bacteriology, vol. i. No. 3, pp. 373-417, 1916. 
 
 Brown, H. R., "A Study of the Spore-bearing Basteria in Market 
 Milk," 41st Annual Report Massachusetts Board of Health, pp. 
 632-667. 
 
 Shippen, "Common Organisms in Heated Milk— Their Relation to 
 Their Reactions," Bull. Johns Hopkins Hospital, vol. 26, No. 293, 
 
 July, 1915- 
 
 Report of Committee on City Milk Plant Inspection of Interna- 
 tional Association of Dairy and Milk Inspectors, The Creamery 
 and Milk Plant Monthly, vol. 4, Nos. 3 and 15, p. 17. 
 "Valid Regulations of the Sale of Milk," Jour. A.M.A., vol. 63, 
 No. I, p. 54, 1914. * 
 
 Ayres & Johnson, "The Destruction of Bacteria in Milk by Uhra- 
 violet Rays," Wash. Acad, of Sci., vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 160-164, 
 March, 191 5. 
 
 Houghton & Davis, "A Study of the Germicidal Action of the Ultra- 
 violet Rays," Am. Jour. Public Health, vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 224-240, 
 March, 1914. 
 
Ayres, "The Present Status of the Pasteurization of Milk," Bull. 342, 
 U. S. Dept. Ag., Jan. 8, 1916. 
 
 Morris, "Shipment of Milk in Glass Jars," Jour. Franklin In- 
 stitute, vol. 109, No. 649, Jan., 1880. 
 
 Dairy Division, Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Ag. Milk 
 Plant, Letters 1-27. 
 
 DoANE, "The Disinfectant Properties of Washing Powders," Bull. 79, 
 Md. Ag. Expt. Sta., January, 1902. 
 
 Whittaker & MoHLER, "The Sterilization of Milk Bottles with Cal- 
 cium Hypochlorite," Am. Jour. Pubhc Health, vol. 2, No. 4, 
 pp. 282-287, April, 1912. 
 
 BowEN, "The Application of Refrigeration to the Handling of Milk," 
 Bull. 98, U. s! Dept Ag. 
 
 Ayres, "Pasteurization," Bull. 342, U. S. Dept. Ag., January, 1916. 
 
 Williams, "Use of Ice and Other Means of Preserving Food in 
 Homes," Scientific American Supplement, No. 1,983, Jan. 3, 191 1. 
 
 BowEN, "The Utilization of Exhaust Steam for Heating Boiler Feed 
 Water and Wash Water in Milk Plants, Creamieries and Dairies," 
 Circ. 209, Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Ag., 1913. 
 
 Way, "A Bacteriologic Comparison of Milk Served in Bottles and by 
 the Dip Method," The Cleveland Med. Jour., vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 
 147-154, April. 
 
 Sender & Thompson, "Notes on the Cost of Motor Trucking," Vehicle 
 Res., Bull. 2, Elect. Eng. Dept. Mass. Inst. Tech., 1912. 
 
 Thomson, "Relative Fields of Horse, Electric and Gasolene Trucks," 
 Vehicle Res., Bull. 4, Elect. Eng. Dept. Mass. Inst. Tech., Aug., 
 1914. ' 
 
 Williams, "The Economic Problems of Milk Distribution in their 
 Relation to Public Health," Trans. 15th International Congress 
 of Hygienic and Demography, 1912. 
 
 Williams, "The Problem of Distribution," Proc. Am. Assn. Med. 
 Milk Commissions, 6th, 7th and 8th Annual Conference, pp. 94- 
 118, 1915. 
 
— 84 — 
 
 Hood, H. P. and Sons, "Cost of Delivering a Quart of Milk to the 
 Consumer," Hoard's Dairyman, vol. 43, No. 25, p. 859, June 19, 
 1912. 
 
 Kelly, "To Start in the Retail Milk Business," Hoard's Dairyman, 
 vol. 13, p. 553, 1916. 
 
 Boston Chamber of Commerce, "Investigation and Analysis of the 
 Production, Transportation, Inspection and Distribution of 
 Milk and Cream in Nev^r England," July 1915. 
 
 Erf, "Disposal of Dairy and Farm Sewage and Water Supply, 
 Bull. 143, Kan. Ag. College Expt. Sta., February, 1907. 
 
 Farrington & Davis, "The Disposal of Creamery Sewage," Bull. 245, 
 Univ. Wis. Ag. Expt. Sta., February, 1915. 
 State Board of Health of Wisconsin, "Purification of Creamery 
 Waste," 1913. 
 
 nPHJIOJKEHIE II. 
 
 <DEPMEPCKIE KOOnEPATMBbI nO CBblTY MOJIOKA B'b AlVlEPMK-b. 
 
 Associated Dairymen of California, Inc. 
 
 Sec. S. N. Ayres, 213 Calif. Fruit Bldg., Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 California Milk Producers' Association, 
 
 1505 S. Main St., Los Angeles, Cal., Sec. S. N. Ayres. 
 
 Associated Milk Producers, 
 San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Northern California Milk Producers' Association, 
 Sacramento, Cal. 
 
— 85 — 
 
 San Joan Valley Milk Producers' Association, 
 Fresno, Cal. 
 
 Colorado Milk Producers' Association, 
 625 Charles Bldg., Denver, Colo. 
 
 Connecticut Milk Producers' Association, 
 450 Asylum St., Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Southern Illinois Milk Producers' Association, 
 Carlyle, 111., c/o M. E. Baum. 
 
 Milk Producers' Association, 
 
 29 S. La Salle St., Chicago, 111., Sec. W. J. Kittle. 
 
 Iowa Dairy Marketing Association, Inc., 
 
 Des Moines, la., c/o J. V. Lingenfelter. 
 
 Kentucky Milk Producers' Co-operative Association, 
 1606 Inter-Southern Bldg., Lousville, Ky., 
 c/o Philip Weissinger, Pres., Shelbyville, Ky 
 Warner Long, Secy, Finchville, Ky. 
 
 Lousiana Dairymen's Association, 
 
 c/o I. S. West, Baton Rouge, La. 
 
 New England Milk Producers' Association, 
 
 26 Broad St., Boston, Mass., Sec. Richard Pattee. 
 
 Michigan Milk Producers' Association, 
 c/o R. C. Reed, Howell, Mich. 
 
 Twin City Milk Producers' Association, 
 
 2218 University Ave., Minnesota Transfer, St. Paul, Minn. 
 
 Queen City Milk Producers' Association, 
 Greenwood Bldg., Cincinnati, Ohio. 
 
 Ohio Milk Producers' Association, 
 H. W. Ingersoll, Elyria, Ohio. 
 
 Dairymen's Co-operative Association, 
 c/o F. H. Shaw, Jefferson, Ohio. 
 
 Pittsburgh Association, 
 
 J. W. Wase, Meadville, Pa. 
 
— SQ — 
 
 Central Ohio Milk Producers, 
 
 c/o Louis Frye, Linden Heights, Ohio. 
 
 Dairymen's Association, 
 Astoria, Ore. 
 
 Oregon Dairymen's League, 
 
 409 Corbett Bldg., Portland, Ore. 
 
 Tri- States Dairymen's Association, 
 
 Pres., W. J. Wilson, Imperial, Pa. 
 
 Interstate Milk Producers' Association, 
 722 Head Bldg,, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 United Diary Assn, of Washington, 
 
 c/o J. A. Scollard, Chehalis, Washington. 
 
 Inland Empire Diary Producers' Association, 
 Mgr. A. A. Newberry, Spokane, Wash. 
 
 Milwaukee Milk and Cream Shippers Association, 
 1422 First Nat. Bank Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Marjdand and Virginia Milk Producers' Association, 
 Sec. G. L. Gardiner, Germantown, Md. 
 
 National Milk Producers' Federation, 
 
 Pres. Milo D. Campbell, Coldwater, Mich. 
 
 Sec. Chas. A. Lyman, 615 Woodward Bldg., Wash., D. C. 
 
 Federation of Jewish Farmers of America, 
 157 East Broadway, New York, N. Y. 
 
 Central California Milk Producers' Association, 
 Oakland, Cal. 
 
— 87 — 
 
 tlpMOMWie 2-^. FuHO^Hua i^iHU aa hoioko. h BopHOBuei npo^xBiu, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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— 88 — 
 
 <»•• -«43%5 6?»9'*'^'* 
 
 3 A 5 6 7 » » /j;o 
 
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