Price 10 cen^ GV 995 >i.P3 1910 I Copy 1 ATHI,BTIC I/IBRARY I! % k.m'^ 'Rstfa? ir^?^" HOW TO PLAY American Sports Publishing Co ....' ii„ 21 V^arren Street, New YorK /«'""".,.....,« A.G1.SRALDING & iR0S.1 ., MAINTAIN THEIR OWN HOUSES > • ' " FOR DISTRIBUTING THE % Spalding ^^ COMPLETE LINE OF - Athletic Goods ,.. IN THE FOLLOWING CITIES , ; ;^?;."'>^ :-^^>.^-s^?^ NEW YORK "'izT-VzS Nassau Sf. ""29-33 West 42d St. NEWARK, N. J. 84S Broad Street BOSTON MASS. 141 Federal Street BUFFALO, N. Y. 611 Main Street SYRACUSE, N. Y. University Block PITTSBURG, PA. 439 Wood Street PHILADiZLPHIA, PA. 1210 Chestnnt Street BALTIMORE. MD. 208 Knst Baltimore St. WASHINGTON, D. C. 709 14thSt., N.W. LONDON ENG. 317-318, BUh Holbom, W. C. 78 Cheapslde West End Bruich 29 Hayinarket,S.W. CHICAGO 147-149 Wabash Are. ST. 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'i nwwtD i jimmn iii j i a ii u. t H i>' U \' UV'ji '' yv^ ' i" > 1" ' P^^^' ' ^t^f i ^ ^^w4 l^^i ^^^I^^P THE SP4LDING TRADE-MARK IS THE FOUNDATION Dl= THE SPALDIN&^ Spalding's Athletic Library A. G. Spalding Anticipating the present ten- dency of the American people toward a healthful method of living' f"^ and enjoyment, Spalding' s Athletic Library was established in 1892 for the purpose of encouraging ath- letics in every form, not only by : publishing the official rules and -.,,^- ^ records pertaining to the various ^»»? ^^' pastimes, but also by instructing, _ until to-day Spalding's Athletic Library is unique in ita own par- ticular field and has been conceded the greatest educational series on athletic and physical training sub- jects tnat has ever been compiled. The publication of a distinct series of books devoted to athletic sports and pastimes and designed to occupy the premier place in America in its class was an early idea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who was one of the first in America to publish a handbook devoted to athletic sports, Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide being the initial number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the sports prominent in the '70s. ,-•.,» /^ Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted to the national game. This applies especially to Spaldmg's Official Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spaldingr does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding s able counsel at hand, goes without saying. , • u j The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do the really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever been consecutively compiled. When Spalding's Athletic Library was founded, seventeen years ago, track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- sional meets, when an entry list of 250 competitors was a subject of com- ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawri tennis bad some vogue and base ball was practically the only established field EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just be'en invented; athletics for the schoolboy— and schoolgirl— were almost unknown, and an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose "elementary series" in base ball last year 106 schools competed for the trophy emblematic of the championship. While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object that its series might be complete and the one place where a person could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he might be interested. In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- ing authority In his particular line has been obtained, with the result that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical manner. A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : JAMES E. SULLIVAN President American Sports Publishing Com- pany; entered the publishing house of Frank Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- ously with the publishing business since then and also as athletic editor of various New York papers; was a competing athlete; one of the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States; has been actively on its board of governors since its organization until the present time, and President for two suc- cessive terms; has attended every champion- ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in connection with American amateur championships track and field games for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, Paris, 1900; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901 ; chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 1906; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of the Pastime A. C, New York: honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the Public Schools Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York ; appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic Games at Athens, 1906. and decorated by King George L of the Hellenes (Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympic Games; ap- pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic Games at London, 1908; appointed by Mayor McClellan, 1908, as member of the Board of Education of Greater New York. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY WALTER CAMP For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp of Yale has occupied a leading position in col- lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- tion is suggested for college athletics, or for the betterment of conditions, insofar as college athletics is concerned, Mr. Camp has always^ played an important part in its conferences, and the great interest in and high plane of college sport to-day. are undoubtedly due more to Mr. Camp than to any other individual . Mr. Camp has probably written more on college athletics than any other writer and the leading papers and maga- zines of America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp has grown up with Yale athletics and is a part of Yale's remarkable athletic system. While he has been designated as the "Father of Foot Ball," it is a well known fact that during his college career Mr. Camp was regarded as one of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field, so when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem- ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of which he is a great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide since it was first published, and also the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to Play Foot Ball. There is certainly no man in American college life better qualified to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than Mr. Camp. DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK The leading exponent of physical training in America; one who has worked hard to im- press the value of physical training in the schools; when physical training was combined with education at the St. Louis Exposition in 1904 Dr. Gulick played an important part in that congress; he received several awards for his good work and had many honors conferred upon him; he is the author of a great many books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who, acting on the suggestion of James E. Sullivan, organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, and was its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Director of Physical Training in the public schools of Greater New York, resigning the position to assume the Presidency of the Playground Association of America. Dr. Gulick is an authority on all subjects pertaining to phys- ical training: and the study of the child. JOHN B. FOSTER Successor to the late Henry Chadwick ("Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- ing's Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor of the New York Evening Telegram; has been in the newspaper business for many years and is recognized throughout America as a leading writer on the national game; a staunch supporter of organized base ball, his pen has always been used for the better- ment of the game. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY TIM MURNANE Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and President of the New England Leaenie of Base Ball Clubs; one of the best known base ball men of the country; known from coast to coast; is a keen follower of the grame and prominent in all its councils; nearly half a century ago was one of America's foremost players: knows the grame thoroughly and writes from the point of view both of player and an official. HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL Sporting editor of the New York Times; graduate of the University of Pennsylvania: editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual; is an authority on the game; follows the movements of the players minutely and understands not only tennis but all other sub- jects that can be classed as athletics; no one is better qualified to edit this book than Mr. Burchell. GEORGE T. HEPBRON Former Young Men's Christian Association director; for many years an official of the Athletic League of Young Men's Christian Associations of North America ; was con- nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Young Man's Christian Association work for over twelve years; became identified with basket ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to Play Basket Ball. JAMES S. MITCHEL Former champion weight thrower ; holder of numerous records, and is the winner of more championships than any other individual in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close student of athletics and well qualified to write upon any topic connected with athletic sport ; has been for years on the staff of the New York Sun. EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY MICHAEL C. MURPHY The world's most famous athletic trainer J the champion athletes that he has developed for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball fields, would run into thousands; he became famous when at Yale University and has been particularly successful in developing what might be termed championship teams; his rare good judgment has placed him in an enviable position in the athletic world; now with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- ing his career has trained only at two col- leges and one athletic club, Yale and the University of Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1©08 at London. DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical training in the schools of Greater New York : as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic League is at the head of the most remarkable organization of its kind in the world; is a practical athlete and gymnast himself, and has been for years connected with the physi- cal training system in the schools of Greater New York, having had charge of the Hifirh School of Commerce. DR. GEORGE J. FISHER Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work for many years as physical director at Cincin- nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high reputation as organizer that he was chosen to succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North America, when the latter resigned to take charge of the physical training in the Public Schools of Greater New York. DR. GEORGE ORTON On athletics, college athletics, particularly track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and training of the youth, it would be hard to find one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had the necessary athletic experience and the ability to impart that experience intelligently to the youth of the land; for years was the American, British and Canadian champion runner. EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY FREDERICK R. TOOMBS A well known authority on skating, rowinsr. boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; was sporting editor of American Press Asso- ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- yer and has served several terms as a member of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of New York; has written several novels and historical works. R. L. WELCH A resident of Chicago; the popularity of indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; a player himself of no mean ability; a first- class organizer; he has followed the game of indoor base ball from its inception. DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON Has been connected with Yale University for years and is a recognized authority on gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- jects; is the author of many books on physical training. CHARLES M. DANIELS Just the man to write an authoritative book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the world has ever known; member New York Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion Daniels describes just the methods one must use to become an expert swimmer. GUSTAVE BOJUS Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to write intelligently on all subjects pertaining to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one of America's most famous amateur athletes; has competed successfully in gymnastics and many other sports for the New York Turn Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; was responsible for the famous gymnastic championship teams of Columbia University; now with the Jersey City biffh schools. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY CHARLES JACOBUS Admitted to be the "Father of Roque:" one of America's most expert players, win- ^'"f J]^® Olympic Championship at St. Louis i'^H % ^" ^l^^^^ supporter of the game and follows it minutely, and much of the success of roque is due to his untiring efforts: certainly there is no one better qualified to write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. DR. E. B. WARMAN Well known as a physical training expert: was probably one of the first to enter the f^eld and IS the author of many books on the sub- ject; lectures extensively each year all over the country. W. J. CROMIE Now with the University of Pennsylvania: was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director: a keen student of all gymnastic matters; the author of many books on subjects pertaining to physical training. G. M. MARTIN By profession a physical director of the Young Men s Christian Association; a close student of all things gymnastic, and games tor the classes in the gymnasium or clubs. PROF. SENAC A leader in the fencing world ; has main- tained a fencing school in New York for years and developed a great many cham- pions; understands the science of fencing thoroughly and the benefits to be derived therefron:!. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY ^ Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now ^^ J fa prmt, grouped for ready reference ^ ^ D SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS No. t Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide No. lA Spalding's Official Base Ball Record No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide No. 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling Guide No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac croup I. Base Ball No. 1 Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. No. lA Official Base Ball Record. No. 202 How to Play Base Ball. No. 223 How to Bat. No. 232 How to Run Bases. No. 230 How to Pitch. No. 229 How to Catch. No. 225 How to Play First Base. No. 226 How to Play Second Base. No. 227 How to Play Third Base. No. 228 How to Play Shortstop. No. 224, How to Play the Outfield. How to Organize a Base Ball Club. [League. How to Organize a Base Ball u- How to Manage a Base Ball ****• J Club. How toTrain a BaseBallTeam How to Captain a Base Ball How to Umpire a Game. [Team ^ Technical Base Ball Terms. No. 219 Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Percentages. BASE BALL AUXILIARIES No. 319 Minor League Base Ball Guide No. 320 Official Book National League of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. No. 321 Official Handbook National Playground Ball Assn. Croop II. Foot Ball No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide. No. 334 Code of the Foot Ball Rules. No. 324 How to Play Foot Ball. No. 2a Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide. No. 286 How to Play Soccer. FOOT BALL AUXILIARY No. 332 Spalding's Official Canadian Foot Ball Guide. No. 335 Spalding's Official Rugby Foot Ball Guide. Group III. cricket No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide. No. 27'7 Cricket and How to Play It Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- nis Annual. No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn Tennis. Group V. Golf No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide No. 276 How to Play Golf. Group VI. Hocheg No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide. No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. No. 154 Field Hockey. (Lawn Hockey. No. 188 < Parlor Hockey. (Garden Hockey. No. 180 Ring Hockey, HOCKEY AUXILIARY No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario Hockey Association. Group VII. Basket Ball No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide. No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. No. 318 Basket Ball Guide for Women. BASKET BALL AUXILIARY No. 323 Official Collegiate Basket Ball Handbook. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS SPALDING ATHUSnC LIBRARY Croop Ylll. Bowling No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling Guide. Group IX. Indoor Base Ball No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide. X. Polo Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide. Water Polo. Equestrian Polo. XL Miscellaneous Games Lacrosse. Official Handbook U. S. Inter- collegriate Lacrosse League. Archery. Croquet. Roque. [Racquets. < Squash-Racquets. (Court Tennis. Hand Ball, Quoits. Push Ball. Curling. Lawn Bowls. Lawn Games. Children's Games. Athletics Official Athletic Group No. 10 No. 129 No. 199 Group No. 201 No. 322 No. 248 No. 138 No. 271 No. 194 No. 13 No. 167 No. 170 No. 14 No. 207 No. 188 No. 189 Group XII. No. 12 Spaldiiig's Almanac. College Athletics. All Around Athletics. Athletes' Guide. Athletic Primer. Olympic GamesatAthens,1906 How to Sprint. How to Run 100 Yards. Distance and Cross Country Running. [Thrower. How to Become a Weight Official Sporting Rules, [boys. Athletic Training for School- Marathon Running. Schoolyard Athletics. ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES No. 311 Amateur Athletic Union Offi- cial Handbook. [book. Intercollegiate Official Hand- Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook. No. 314 Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook — Girls' Branch. Official Handbook New York Interscholastic Athletic Association. No. 27 No. 182 No. 156 No. 87 No. 273 No. 252 No. 255 No. 174 No. 259 No, 55 No. 246 No. *\7 No. o31 No. 316 No. 302 No. 313 Na308 Group XIII. Athletic Accomplishments No. 177 How to Swim. No. 296 Speed Swimming, No. 128 How to Row. No. 209 How to Become a Skater. No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. No. 23 Canoeing. No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. Group XIV. Manly Sports No. 18 Fencing. ( By Breck.) Boxing. Fencing. ( By Senac.) Wrestling. How to Wrestle. Ground Tumbling. Jiu Jitsu. How to Swing Indian Clubs. Dumb Bell Exercises. Indian Clubs and Dumb Bella. Medicine Ball Exercises. Pulley Weight Exercises. How to Punch the Bag. Tumbling for Amateurs. Professional Wrestling. Group XV. Gymnastics No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- cises. [Dumb Bell Drills. Graded Cal i sthenics and Barnjum Bar Bell Drill, Indoor and Outdoor Gym- nastic Games. How to Become a Gymnast. Fancy Dumb Bell and March- ing Drills. [Apparatus. Pyramid Building Without Exercises on the Parallel Bars. Pyramid Building with Wands, Chairs and Ladders GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY No. 333 Official Handbook I. C. A. A. Gymnasts of America. Group XVI. Physical Culture No. 161 Ten Minutes' Exercise for Busy Men. [giene. No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- No. 149 Scientific Physical Training and Care of the Body. No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. No. 185 Hints on Health. No. 213 285 Health Answers. No. 238 Muscle Building. [nin^. No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- No. 261 Tensing Exercises, [nasties. No. 285 Health by Muscular Gym- No. 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- No. 290 Get Well: Keep Well, [nasties. No. 325 Twenty-Minute Exercises. No. 330 Physical Training for the School and Class Room. No- 162 No. 165 No. 140 No. 236 No. 102 No. 233 No. 166 No. 200 No. 143 No. 262 No. 29 No. 191 No. 289 No. 326 No. 214 No. 254 No. 158 No. 124 No. 287 No. 327 No. 328 No. 329 ANY QF THE ABOVE BOOKS IIAILEO pOQTynlfeJJPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS SMDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group I. Base Ball No. 1— Spaltllns'a Official Base Ball Guidv. The leading Base Ball annual of the country, and the official authority of the game. Contains the official playjnfir rules, with an explanatory index of the rules compiled by Mr. A. G. Spalding: pictures of all the teams in the National, American and minor leagues : re- views of the season; college Base Ball, and a great deal of interesting in- formation. Price 10 cents. Jio. 202— HoTT to I'lar Baae J Ball. Edited by Tim Muman*. New and revised edition. Illustrated with pic- tures showing how all the various curves and drops are thrown and por- trait* of leading players. Price 10 cents. No. 223— HoiT to Bat. There is no better way of becoming • proticient batter than by reading this book and practising the directions. Numerous illustrations. Price 10 cents. No. 232— How to Han the This book gives clear and concise directions for excelling as a base run- ner; tells when to run and when not to do so; how and when to slide; team work on the bases; in fact. ever.v point of the game is thoroughly explained. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 230— Hov^ to Pitch. A new, up-to-date book. Its contents are the practical teaching of men who have reached the top as pitchers, and who know how to impart a knowledge of their art All the big leagues' pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. No. 229— How to Catch. Every boy who has hopes of being a clever catcher should read how well- known players cover their position. Pictures of all the noted catchers in the big leagues. Price 10 cents. No. a25-How to Play Flr«t Baae. Illustrated with pictures of all the prominent frit basemen. Price lOcents. No. 220— How to Play Second Baae. The ideas of the best second basemen have been incorporated in this book for the especial benefit of boys who want to know the fine points of play at this X>oint of the diamond. Price 10 cents. No. 227— How to Play Third Baae. Third base is, in some respects, the most important of the infield. All the iwints explained. Price 10 cents. No. 22S— How to Play Short- atop. Shortstop is one of the hardest posi- tions on. the infield to fill, and quick thought and quick action are necessary for a player who expects to make good as a shortstop. lUus. Price 10 cents. No. 224— How to Play the Outneld. An invaluable guide for the out- fielder. Price 10 cents. Ho. 231— How to Coach; How to Captain n Team} How to Manage n Team; Hoiv '«o Uiuplrej HoTv to Or- iraulae it Leatcaei Tech- alaal TArma of Baae Ball. Pric* 10 GWt*. No 210— Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Peroentaurea. To supply a demand f.ir a book wliich would show the percpntage of clubs without recourse to the trduous work of figuring, the publisher.' had these tables compiled by an expert Price 10 cents. B*SE BALL, AUXILIARIES. . lA — Spaliling-'a Base Bull Record Something new in Base Ball. Con- tains records of all kinds from the be- ginning of the Ni-tional League and official averages of all professional or- ganizations for past season. 10 cents. No. 319— Minor Leaeae Baae Ball Guide. The minors' own gruide. Edited by President T. H. Murnane, of the New England League. Price 10 cents. No. 32U— Official Handbook of the iNutional Leuifiie of Profeaaional Baae Bull Clubs. Contains the Constitution, By-Laws. Official Rules. Averages, and schedule of the National League for the current year, together with list of club officers and reports of the annual meetings of the League. Price 10 cents. No. 3::i— Official Handbook National I'laysrountl Ball Aaaoctntion. This game is specially adapted for playgrounds, parks, etc., is spreading rapidly. The book contains a descrip- tion of the game, rules and officers. Price 10 cents. Group n. Foot Ball No. 2— Siiuldintr'a Official Foot Ball Gniile. Edited by Walter Camp. Contains the new rules, with diagram of field; All- America teams as selected by the leading authorities; reviews of the game from various sections of the country; scores; pictures. Price 10 cents. No. 334— Code of the Foot Ball Rnlea. This book is meant for the use of Officials, to help them to refresh their memories before a game and to afford them a quick means of ascertaining a point during a game. It also gives a ready means of finding a rule in the Official Rule Book, and is of great help to a player in studying the Rules. Compiled by C.W. Short, Harvard, 1908. Price 10 cents. \ No. 324— How to Play Foot Ball. Edited by Walter Camp, of Yale. Everything that a beginner wants to know and many points that an expert will be glad to learn. Snapshots of leading teams and players in action, with comments l>y Walter Camp. Price 10 cents. No. 2A— Spaldine's Official Association Soccer Foot Ball Guide. A complete and up-to-] date guide to the "Soccev" game in the United States, containing instructions fori playing tWfe game, official rules, and interesting news from all parts of the country. Illustrated. Price No. 2S0— How to Play.l*** cer. How each position should be playadL written by the best player in England in his respective position, and illua» trated with full-page photographs of players in action. Price 10 cent*. FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES. No. 33Sg— Spaldlns's Offlclat Canadian Foot Bait Guide. The official book of th« ffune in Gui> ada. Price 10 cents. Group m. Cricket OffloUB No. :i— SpalillnK'a Cricket Guide. The most complete yaar book of the game that ha* ever been published in America. Reirarts of special matches, official rules and pictures of ail the leading teams. PrlM 10 cents. No. 277— Cricket J and HoW to Play it. By Prince Ranjitsinhji. The gam* described concisely and illustrated with Group IV. No. Lawn Tennis Official Contents include reports of all important tourna- ments; official ranking from 1885 to date; law* of lawn tennis; instructipns for handicapping; deeit sions on doubtful points; management of touma.^ , ments; directory of clubs; ia>ingout and keeping a court. Illusi trated. Price 10 cents. No. 1S7— How to Play Laws Tennis. A complete description of lawn t«n« nis; a lesson for beginners and direc- tions telling how to make the most im- portant stroke*. Illustrated. Prie» 10 cent*. By P. A. Vaile, a leading authority on the game in Great Britain. 'Every stroke in the game is accurately illus- trated and analyzed by t».e author. Price 10 cents. Golf Official Group V. No. n— Spnldins's Golf Guide. Contains records of all important tournaments, articles on the game in various sections of the country, pictures of prom- inent players, official play- ing rules and general items of interest. Price 10 cents. No. 27G— How to Play Golt»i By James Braid and Harry Vardon. the world's two-greatest playere teU how they play 'the game, with numea ous full-page pittur** cf th ' -" •§MMlial(& PriMUMAta^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group VI. Hockey No. 6— Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide. The official year book of the game. Contains the officiaj rules, pictures of leading teams and players, records, review 'of the ^tSfiM season, reports from dif- '-^*^^^^* ferent sections of the United States and Canada. Price 10 cents. Ko."^304— Ho^ to Ploy Ice Hockey. ConJtains a description of the duties of each player. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. IVo- «54— Field Hockey. Prominent in the sports at Vassar, Smith, Wellesley, Bryn Mawrand other leading colleges. Price 10 cents. Wo. IHH — Lawn Hockey. 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Conse- quently the beginner was given the same kind and amount as the older member. With a view to giving uni- formity the present treatise is at- tempted. Price 10 cents. No. 254— Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. Edited by Dr. R. Tait McKenzie, Director Physical Training. University of Pennsylvania, Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 158— Indoor and Outdoor Gyninaatic Gamea. A book that will prove valuable to in- door and outdoor gymnasiums, schools, outings and gatherings where there are a number to be amused. Price 10 cents. No. 124— How td Become a Gymnnat. By Robert Stoll. of the New York A. C, the American champion on the flying rings from 1885 to 1892. Any boy can easily become proficient with a little practice. Price 10 cenU. Xo. 287— Fancy Dumb Bell and Marcliini; Drilln. All concede that games and recreative ] exercises during the adolescent period are preferable tosctdrillsand monoton- ous movements. These drills, while de- signed primarily for boys, can be used successfully with girls and men and women. Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. :t27— Pyramid Bnildlne Without .\pi>nratua. By W. J. Cromie. Instructor of Gymnastics. University of Pennsyl- vania. WKh illustrations showing many different combinations. This book should be in the hands of all gym- nasium instructors. Price 10 CenU. No. 32»— Exerciaea on the Parallel Uura. By W. J. Cromie. Every gymnast should procure a copy of this book. Illustrated with cuts showing many novel exercises. Price 10 cents. No. :{2}»— Pyramid BuildinR with (Jhaira» AVanda and Liuddera. By W. J. Cromie. Illustrated with half-tone photopraphs showing many interesting combinations. Price 10 cents. GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY. No. 333 — Oflflclal Handbool^ Inter^CoIIeeiate Aaaocia- tion Amateur Gymnaata of America. Edited by P. R. Carpenter, Physical Director Amherst College. Contains pictures of leading teams and individual champions, official rules governing con- tests, records. Price 10 cents. _____ Physical Group XVI. Culture No. 101— Ten Minntea' Exer* ciae (or Baay Men. By Dr. Luther Halse/ Gulick, Direc- tor of Physical Trainmg in the New York Public Schools. A c«|ici«« 4ad eomplat* wuM 9t »hrri«a WvMtfMk No. 208— Phyaical Edncation and HyRiene. This is the fifth of thfi Physical Training series, by Prof. E. B. Warman (see Nos. 142. 149, 166, 185, 213,261, 290.) Price 10 cents. No,14U— The Careofthe Body. A book that all who value health should read and follow its instructions. By Prof. E. B. Warman, the well-known lecturer and authority on physical cul- ture. Price 10 cents. No. 142— Pliyaical Training Siniitliiied, By Prof. E. B. Warman. A complete, thorough and practical book where the whole man is considered— brain and body. Price 10 cents. No. 1S.'>— Health Hlnta. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Health in- fluenced by insulation; health influ- enced by underwear; health influenced by color; exercise. Price 10 cents. .\o, 213—285 Health Annwera. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Contents: ventilating a bedroom; ventilating a house; how to obtain pure air; bathing: salt water baths at home; a substitute for ice water; to cure insomnia, etc., etc. Price 10 cents. No. 23.S— Muacle Building.' By Dr. L. H. Gulick, Director of Phy- sical Training in the New York Public Schools. A complete treatise on tha correct method of acquiring strength. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 234— School Tactlea and Mar.e Hunuinff. A seriesof drills for the use of schools. Edited by Dr. Luther- Halsey Gulick. Director of Physical Training in tha New York Public Schools. Price 10 cents. No. 201- TenaInK Exerdaea. By Prof. E. B. Warman. The "Ten. sing" or "Resisting" system of mus- cular exercises is the most thorough, the most complete, the most satisfac- tory, and the most fascinating of sys- tems. Price 10 cents. No. 2.8S — Healtli; br Muaev- lar GymuaHticN. With hints on right living. By W. J. Cromie. If one will practice the exer- cises and observe the hints therein contained, he will be amply repaid for so doing. Price 10 cents. No. 288— IndlKeatlon Treated by GymnaatlcB By W. J. Cromie. If the hints thera- in contained are observed and tha exercises faithfully performed great relief will be experienced. Price 10 cents. No. 20O— Get Well; Keep Well. By Prof. E. B. Warman. author of 8 number of books in the Spalding Ath- letic Library on physical training. Price 10 cents. No. 325— Twenty. Minute Ex- ercises. By Prof. E. B. Warman, with chap- ters on " How to Avoid Growing Old," and "Fasting; Its Objects and Bene- fiu." Price 10 cents. No. 33U— Phyaical Tralnlnff tor tlie School and Claaa Hoom. ^ Edited by G. R. Borden. Physical Director of the Y. M- C. A., Eaaton, Pa. A book that is for tha Mh«0l n tm u 1 ^/ f ' Champion of the United States. HOW TO PLAY LAWN TENNIS Containing Practical Instruction from an Expert on Making Lawn Tennis Strokes. Brief Description and History of the Game and other useful information PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY, 21 WARREN STREET, NEW YORK. Copyright. 1910 BY American Sports Publishing Compakt New York ©CU2682J CONTENTS PAGE General Description of Lawn Tennis 5 A Brief History of the Game il_ A First Lesson for Beginners 2^ How to Make the Most Important Strokes : L— The Service 37 n. — The Ground Stroke « 41 HL-The Volley and Half- Volley .... 45 IV. -The Lob 47 The American Twist Service 49 How to Build and Keep a Court 52 New Thoughts on Training and Diet 61 What to Use for Lawn Tennis 64 How to Play Lawn Tennis General Description of Lawn Tennis. Lawn tennis is played by two, three or four people (though very seldom by three) on a smooth stretch of ground called a court. The playing surface of this court is 27 feet (for singles), or 36 feet (for doubles) in width and 78 feet in length, and it is laid out on a level surface of grass or turf, or occasion- ally on a board floor under a covered roof in winter. The court is marked out with white lines on the ground indicating the boundaries, and the space is divided in two by a net three feet in height stretched across the centre from side to side. Each player is armed with a racket, which is a wooden frame about a foot long and eight inches wide, the oval open space being covered with a fine network of catgut strings, and the frame supplied with a handle about 15 inches long. With this racket the players strike a ball 2^ inches in diameter, of rubber filled with compressed air and covered with felt. This ball is knocked from one side of the net to the other back and forth until one side misses it — that is, fails to hit it at all, or knocks it into the net, or out of the court. Either side scores a point when the opponent fails to return the ball into his court. The object of the game, therefore, is to knock the ball into the opponent's court so that he cannot return it. The first player to hit the ball is called the server (he is chosen by lot) and he throws the ball up into the air and knocks it over the net and into the court on the opposite side. After this service is delivered, each side must strike t,V>c ball in turn, hitting it either before it touches the grouted ^a volley) or after it has bounded only once. It is against the rule to How to Play Lawn Tennis 7 '•olley in returning the service, but after this second stroke of (ach point, it is optional with the players whether they volley or return the ball on the first bounce. The method of scoring is simple. The first point won for either side counts 15, and if each side should win one of the two first points, the score becomes 15 — all, "all" meaning "even" in every case. The server's score is always called first and the first point therefore makes the score 15 — love, or love — 15 (ac- cording to whether the server or his opponent wins the first point). "Love" means nothing in tennis scoring. The second point for either side is 30 and the third 40. If the server wins the first two strokes, the score is 30 — love ; if won by the oppon- ent, it is love — 30; if each has won a point, the third count then makes the score 30 — 15, or 15 — 30, according to whether the server or his opponent is ahead. Thirty-all follows when each side has won two points ; 40 — 30 or 30 — 40 when one side has two and the other side three. Either side wins a game when it has scored four points, un- less each side wins three points, which would make the score 40 — all, but which is called "deuce" instead. Here lies the only intricacy in the method of scoring. When both sides are tied at 40, or three points each, the score is deuce, and one side must win two more strokes than the other from this point in order to< win the game — in other words, if the score once gets even at 40,, neither side can win by a single point. From deuce, the score becomes "vantage-in" or "vantage-out," according to whether the server or his opponent is ahead (the server is always "in" and the opponent "out"). With vantage in his favor, either side can win the game by capturing the next point, but if it goes to the other side, the score returns to deuce again, and so on in- definitely until one side or the other has won two points in suc- cession from deuce. When a game has been won. the other side becomes the server, the service alternating with the games. The score by games is called with the server's score first, or sometimes in matches with the side that is ahead first. When the games are even, the score is called at i — all, 2^-all, 3— all or 4 — all as, the case may McLoughlin vs. Brookes. Wilding vs. Long. DAVIS CUP MATCHES AT SYDNEY. How to Play Lawn Tennis [ be, but if it is even at 5 — all, then deuce and vantage games are played just as in points during the games. Five — all is deuce and from this point it is necessary for one side or the other to win two games in succession to take the set, that is, as in the games, the set cannot be won by a majority of one, the winner must score at least two or more games than the loser. Most matches are the best two in three sets, although some championship matches are the best three in five sets. The server must always strike the ball in the air before it touches the ground, but the opponent, who is known technically as the striker-out, is not allowed to strike the ball when first served until after it has bounded once. After these first two strokes, one from either side, the ball is always in play until one side or the other fails to return the ball properly and the op- ponent then scores a point. Either player, after the first stroke from either side, may play the ball before it has touched the ground, which is called a volley, or after it has struck and bounded once. If it is allowed to touch the ground a second time, the point is lost. A drive is a fast hard stroke played underhand from the back of the court, and a smash is an overhand volley played very hard and fast to "kill" the ball by the speed of the stroke. A lob is a ball knocked up into the air to pass over an opponent's head, when he is at the net. or to gain time. To cut the ball is to strike it sideways, so that it twists rapidly on its own axis, like a billiard ball with "English," which makes it bound crooked. \\ ilding \s. McLoughlin, Brookes vs. Long. DAVIS CUP MATCHES AT SYDNEY. How to Play Lawn Tennis A. Brief History of the Game. Lawn tennis is essentially a modern game, for its origin dates back less than forty years. Its genealogy is rather obsn're. n"'l the best authorities disagree as to its direct parentage. The first record of any such game in Europe, however, occurs in the Middle ages, when a crude form of tennis was the favorite sport of the Italian and French feudal kings and nobles. The French seem to have borrowed the game from the Italians, and they called it la longue paumc ; in Italy it was known under the name of pallone. This French game was played with a cork ball, which was originally struck with the hand over a bank of earth, which served the same purpose as our modern net. Soon a crude racket with wooden frame and handle and gut strings was substituted, and in this form the game was introduced into England and flourished there for many years. Major Walter C. Wingfield, of the British army, is popularly credited with the invention of lawn tennis, as we know it, for he patented the game in 1874. His original game was played on a court shaped like an hour-glass, 60 feet in length and 30 feet in width at the base-lines. In the center was stretched a net 21 feet wide and 7 feet high at its sides, which sagged to 4 feet 8 inches in the centre. The old method of racquet scoring was used, and the server was required to stand within a marked space in the middle of his court. In March, 1875, the first regular laws for the game were formu- lated by the Marylebone Cricket Club, of Lord's. The club's committee selected the name of lawn tennis, and promulgated a new set of rules that were accepted by Major Wingfield and a large majority of those who had taken up the new game. They set the length of the court at 78 feet, and there it has remained to this day ; but they still preserved the hour-glass form, and the breadth required by their first rules was 30 feet at the base-lines How to Play Lawn Tennis I3 and 24 feet at the net. The net was set at 4 feet high in the centre and 5 feet at the posts, and the service-Hne at 26 feet fcom the net. The racquet system of scoring, with one or two minor alterations, was also preserved. At the urgent suggestion of Henry Jones, who afterward be- came famous as the "Cavendish" of whist, the All-English Croquet Club, whose grounds at Wimbledon have since become famous the world over, opened its lawns to lawn tennis in 1875, and so popular did the game become that an All-England cham- ^pionship meeting — the first of the series which has represented the amateur championship of England — was held in July, 1877, the name of the club being then changed to the All-England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club. This first tournament was eminently successful, and the All-England club assumed control of the new game. By common consent its decisions were uni- versally respected In 1883 an attempt was made to form a National Association, but as the All-England Club declined to enter into the project, it was a failure, and in its place an annual meeting of club secretaries was held under the auspices of the All-England Club, for the purpose of legislation, until 1888, when the present English Lawn Tennis Association was formed as a national body to govern the sport. The authority of this organi- zation has never since been questioned, and its decisions have been accepted throughout the continent and British colonies. The only part of the world where separate laws are made is the United - States, and even here the English rules and changes are carefully considered before any alteration is made. Major Wingfield's crude lawn tennis game first made its ap- pearance in America in 1874, the same year it came out in England. A Bostonian, who was traveling abroad, brought home a set of Wingfield's rules and implements for the game, and a court was laid out at his country home at Nahant, a seaside resort near Boston. Another court made its appearance at New- port the following spring, and the Staten Island Cricket and Base Ball Club, near New York, also took up the game in 1875. At Philadelphia, too, the game was introduced at the Young America Cricket Club's grounds, and soon grew popular. How to Play Lawn Tennis 15 During the first few years of its American existence lawn tennis was played under widely varying conditions, but the distance between the points of play being too great to let these differences become "apparent until open tournaments were held. The nets hung at different heights, the courts varied somewhat in size, and the balls differed materially both as to size and weight. Local tournaments were held at Newport, Boston, Philadelphia and Staten Island, but it was not until 1880 when James Dwight and Richard D. Sears, of Boston, who were afterward so famous in lawn tennis, played at Staten Island and Philadelphia, that the full importance of this confusion became apparent. The following spring in May, 1881, a meeting was held in New York, and the present United States National Lawn Tennis Association was formed. The English rules, as then in vogue, were adopted afmo,«t in their entirety and the English champion- ship balls were also accepted as official for all American tourna- ments. It was decided shortly afterward to hold an annual championship tournament at the Newport Casino, and a series was started that has since been continued regularly every year, becoming second in importance only to the Wimbledon event. Dwight and Sears were distinctly superior to all other players in America during this early period, and their only dangerous rivals for several years were the Clark brothers, of Philadelphia. But the game spread very rapidly in American soil, and new courts and new players sprang up on every hand, although Sears man- aged to retain his title as champion for seven successive years. During this time, the play developed rapidly and the skill of the players increased with wonderful speed, but Sears kept place with all improvements and managed to keep well ahead of all his rivals until an injury to his shoulder made it difficult for him to play, and he retired on his laurels unbeaten. During the first seven years of American lawn tennis, R, D. Sears was invincible. The first three seasons he played through each tournament at Newport, and each season won the champion- ship wifhout the loss of a set. In 1884 the present system of barring/ the champion out of the all-comers' tournament was adopte4 and Sears successfully defended his title against the How to Play Lawn Tennis 17 challenge of H. A. Taylor, who was the first challenger for the American championship. Sears beat Taylor rather easily by three sets to one, and the following year he repeated his success over C. M. Brinley, who was the challenger for 1885. In i8§6 R. L. Beeckman won the Newport tournament and challenged in turn for the championship title. Again was Sears invincible, Beeckman meeting the same fate as both of his predecessors, although he forced the champion to the first close match he played at Newport. A year later H. W. Slocum, Jr., challenged for the title, and he was badly beaten by Sears in straight sets, although he had beaten all of the other leading players of the country in the all-comers' tournament. Sears's reign ended in 1888, when he voluntarily relinquished his claim to the American championship. He had injured his shoulder and neck somewhat and was forced to give up severe play. Slocum won the Newport tournament again and took the championship by default in Sears's absence. This began the second era in American championship tournaments. Slocum's "tenure of office" lasted only two years. In 1889 Q. A. Shaw, Jr., won the all-comers' tournament at Newport, and was beaten three sets to one by Slocum in the challenge round, but a year later O. S. Campbell, who had been runner-up to Shaw the year before, earned the right to challenge the champion and managed to wrest the championship title from him by three sets to one Campbell's successful innovation of extreme net play was the first of many experimental stages American players had yet to go through. He cultivated volleying far beyond his ground- strokes, yet his methods were startlingly successful at home, and he proved invincible for three years. In 1891 Clarence Hobart challenged him for the championship, and was beaten in ". five-set challenge match, and the following year F. H. Hovey, of Boston, met a similar fate, although only four sets were re- quired this time to settle the question of supremacy. The following sui-amer R. D. Wrenn won the all-comers' tour- nament, beating Hovey unexpectedly in the finals, but before the challenge match could be played, Campbell announced his retire- ment, so the championship passed into Wrenn's hands by de- How to Play Lawn Teunis i<^ fault. Wrenn was another volleyer, but with a good command also of ground-strokes, and the modern era in America then began with Wrenn's advent in 1893, but his style was not fully appreciated until the following year, when M. F. Goodbody, the visiting Irish expert, went through the Newport all-comers' tournament, beating three of the crack American players, Hovey, Hobart and Larned, by superior steadiness. When Goodbody challenged Wrenn, however, it was a different story, and the persistent methods of the American champion showed his style of net play to be a distinct advance over the former American school. Hovey had learned the lesson of steadiness better than others by the time the next tournament came around, winning the New- port tournament with the loss of only one set, and then chal- lenged Wrenn and beat him in straight sets for the champion- ship. In 1897, the season was made memorable by the visit to Ameri- can courts of a team of British players composed of W. V. Eaves, H. S. Mahony and H. A. Nisbet. They were beaten in the international tournaments held at Hoboken, N. J., and Chi' cago, 111., and also in an open event at Longwood, Mass., be- fore the championship meeting at Newport. Here Eaves beat Nisbet In the finals and Mahony was retired in an earlier round by M. D. Whitman. Again was Wrenn, the champion, called on to defend the national honors against a challenging Englishman and again he succeeded in defeating the foreigner. A year later, the war with Spain broke out and both Wrenn and Larned were among the volunteers who went to the front in Cuba. In their absence, the younger generation of Ameri- can experts had matters very much their own way, and M. D. Whitman loomed up out of the group as the steadiest and in many respects the cleverest. He won the Newport tournament after one or two close matches and so fell heir to the cham- pionship title in the absence of Wrenn. The new champion made a wonderful record during 1898, 1899 and 1900, playing steadily through all of the most important American and Canadian tour- I, N. W. Nile? and (2) A. S. Dabney, Jr., Winners Eastern Doubles Cham- pionship. W. C. Grant and (3) T. R. Pell, Winners Southern Doubles championship. How to Play Lawn Tennis 21 naments during the three seasons, and losing three matches the first year, none the second and only one the third. The season of 1899 was Whitman's most remarkable one, for he not only did not lose a single match, but was not once forced close in tournament play. With unbroken success he defended all of the many challenge cups he had won the previous year, and when he came to defend his championship title he was considered invincible. The season of 1900 was made notable by the first officially recognized international matches in the sport. Through the generosity of D. F. Davis, an International Challenge Cup was offered and a challenging team was sent to America to try for the new trophy. This was composed of A. W. Gore, E. D. Black and H. R. Barrett, Black being a Scotchman and the other two English. The international matches took place at Longwood, Mass., the first week in August. The American team won the first three matches played, giving them the victory before the last two matches of the series were finished. Two of the foreigners. Gore and Black, were also entered for the championship event at Newport, but made a poor showing there. W. A. Earned had an easy road to the finals, winning the all-comers' and challenging Champion Whitman. Again the champion proved invincible and although Larned's brilliancy car- ried off the second set in fine style, his spasmodic attack finally broke down before Whitman's wonderful defence and the cham- pion retained his honors without great difficulty. This, his third successive victory, gave him possession of the fourth American championship challenge cup, its predecessors having been captured by Sears, Campbell and Wrenn. The following year, 1901, witnessed Larned's triumph in taking the championship, for which he had played many years. He came through the tournament, meeting Beals C. Wright in the final, and then upon the default of Champion Whitman, the first holding of the newly offered cup went to Earned. In the same tournament, Holcbmbe Ward and Dwight F. Davis won the doubles honors for the third consecutive year and became BEALS C. Wiau:. How io Play Lawn Tennis 23 the possessors of the twin cups presented by Col. John Jacob Astor, the most valuable trophies ever offered in the sport. After the lapse of a year, the English again tried for the Davis International Cup, In 1902, the team being composed of the most famous exponents of the game in England, Reginald F. Doherty and Hugh Lawrence Doherty, while the third player of the team was Dr. Joshua Pim. The matches were played on the courts of the Crescent Athletic Club, at Bay Ridge, N. Y., the Americans successfully defending the trophy by winning three of the five matches. In the singles. Earned lost to R. F. Doherty, after having him two-love on sets, when the contest was stopped and delayed until the next day by a thunderstorm. Whitman in his matches defeated Dr. Pim and R. F. Doherty, while in the doubles. Ward and Davis were defeated by the Doherty brothers. This last contest was witnessed by thirteen thousand spectators, the largest number ever assembled about a tennis court in the world. In the national championships at Newport, R. F. Do- herty came through the tournament a winner, defeating Whit- man in the final, but being unable to win the title from Earned. The season of 1903 proved a disastrous one for the Americans, and the Britons made a complete sweep of the courts. Playing both the singles and doubles alone, although H. S. Mahony accompanied them, the Doherty brothers won the International Cup on the courts at Eongwood, Boston, by four matches out of five. The American win was a default to Earned by R. F. Doherty after he had injured his shoulder. Robert D. Wrenn, playing in the singles with Earned, was defeated, and paired with his brother, George E. Wrenn, Jr., they went down rather easily before the British pair. As the Dohertys had won the Eastern doubles the year previous and the national championship In that event, they defended that honor successfully and also took the singles by the defeat of Earned by H. E. Doherty, who won the tournament after meeting W. J. Clothier in the final. No American challenge for the lost cup was made In 1904. The championship In singles went to Holcombe Ward by the 'iefault of H. L. Doherty, after Ward had defeated Clothier in How to Play Lawn Tennis 2$ the final of the tournament. A new pair also came to the front in doubles, as Ward paired with Beals C. Wright, and gained the title by the defeat of Kriegh Collins and Raymond D. Little, the Western champions, in the East vs. West match. The first American challenge for the lost cup was made in 1905, and the team sent in quest of it was composed of Ward, Larned, Wright and Clothier. The Americans failed to win a single match of the challenge round against the Dohertys and Frank L. Riseley, although they won their way to the privilege of becoming challengers by in turn defeated Belgium, France, and Australasia. Austria was also represented, being defeated by Australasia. In igo6 America tried again for the international trophy, send- ing Beals Wright, Kriegh Collins, Raymond Little and Holcombe Ward. As far as the chances of the American team were con- cerned, the contests were decided before the team left America by the accident that befell Beals C. Wright at the Crescent Athletic Club, Brooklyn, N. Y., and the lack of form that Kriegh Collins displayed. The Dohertys again were triumphant. In 1907 Beals C. Wright and Karl Behr journeyed to Great Britain, in an effort to regain the Davis trophy, but w^ere unsuc- cessful, being defeated by the Australian team — Brookes and Wilding — the Doherty brothers not contesting. The cup having gone to Australia, a journey to the Antipodes was necessary in the efifort to restore the trophy to its own country, and accordingly a team composed of Beals C. Wright of Boston and Frederick B. Alexander of New York set out in September, 1908, for Melbourne. The pair put up a great battle against Brookes and Wilding, but the latter finally prevailed. MISS MAY SUTTON. Winner of the Pacific Coast Championship, and the World's Champion. How to Play Lawn Tennis 2j^ A First Lesson for Beginners. To begin right is half the game in lawn tennis, and if one wants to learn to play the game well, it is important to begin correctly. Some of the simplest matters are the most im- portant, and if these are mastered at the start the improvement in skill will follow quickly after, and the development be gradual but rapid. To accumulate bad habits of play when first learning the game is only to handicap a beginner indefinitely, for it is much harder to give up bad habits and alter the style in these small matters than to begin all over again and learn anew. Some of the most important of these minor details are the smallest and the most likely to be overlooked. They are not child's play, by any means, and should not be ignored because they seem simple. Even the best experts had to learn them first and must observe them as well as the beginner. First and most important of all, the racket should be firmly gripped in making all of the strokes. A loose grasp ruins other- wise good play, and no habit interferes with progress more than that of holding the handle loosely. The slightest relaxation in the grasp will often let the racket turn in the hand while mak- ing a stroke, and it is failure in consequence. It should be held by the extreme end always, the "butt" or leather binding at the end resting against the ball of the hand. F.- all forehand strokes, or those made when the ball is on the . xght side of the body, the hand should rest diagonally along the handle, with the first finger separated from the others and extended an inch or two further along the racket, but also wrap- ped around it; it should never rest its full length along the handle, as we sometimes see beginners doing. The finger nails \\ n Tennis Some players find it difficult to kill a lobbed ball, and in a tournament match the ability to lob well may prove of great advantage against an antagonist. If hard pressed, it also fur- nishes a breathing spell that may be just .enough to save the set. The ball should be played high into the air and well back, in the opponent's court. The lob short is sure death, and one had better not lob at all than to lob short of the service-line. The ball should be hit with confidence and with force behind it, not hesitatingly, as though the player were afraid the stroke would be a failure. This uncertain way of lobbing is the most dangerous of all. Of recent years, however, still another use has come into play for the lob, and this is the result of the American habit of getting in close to the net to volley. Once the opponent gets in closer than the usual net position, when less than ten feet from the net, the overhead attack can be started by lobbing, and he can quickly be driven away from his advantageous "posi- tion. A low lob, just out of his reach, sometimes scores a clean ace, and even a high one will often force him to turn and run back in his court to return the ball. A young player should always practice lobbing enough to be certain of the play. It is always useful and one can never tel! when he will have to bring the stroke into use. Nothing is more demoralizing, too, than to lob short and have the ball killed so hard that you have not a chance to reach it. Before an import- ant match, it is a good plan to practice lobbing for some time, and the question of length should be watched closely, for a good lob should always fall between the service-line and the base-line — better yet, within ten feet of the base-line. I have often spent an hour with a patient friend on the other side of the net, practicing just this one stroke, and the result justified all my hard work, for it gave me command of a play that served me in good stead whenever I got into any kind of difficulties. It is the most perfect defence that can be found, and against any but a very strong smasher, it often becomes a strong attack. How t« Play Lawn Tennis 49 The American Twist Service There has been a good deal of mystery surrounding the Ameri- can twist services which have recently become so prominent in the international matches. As a matter of fact, there should be no mystery at all in regard to this play, as it is simply a scien- tific development of the common underhand twist strokes adapted for overhead play with the additional speed which has made the new stroke so formidable. It is a common error to call these deliveries "reverse twists," for, as a matter of fact, the only re- verse twist overhead service in use among the experts is that de- livered by Champion Whitman, while the twist service used by Davis, Ward and Alexander have all the natural out twist. As Davis is a left-handed player, his service "breaks" from the ground in the opposite direction from those deliveries by right- handed players. Ever since the early days of baseball the scientific theory of curving a ball in the air has been well understood. The top of a carriage wheel travels faster than the bottom, because its axis is moving ahead all of the time, and in the same way the friction on the side of a ball which is twisting on its own axis is greater on the side which is going fastest through the air— the right- hand side in a right-twist delivery and vice versa. The rougher the surface of any spherical body the more it will curve in the air, because the friction becomes greater against the particles of the air itself. The rough felt covering of a lawn tennis ball causes more friction than a leather-covered baseball and conse- quently the tennis ball curves more in the air. The secret of success in making this new twist service is not to make the ball curve so much to one side or the other as to curve downward in its flight like the "drop" of a modern base- ball pitcher. It is necessary to make a tennis ball drop quickly after crossing the net if it is to be served wnth much speed and 50 How to Play Lawn Tennis Still strike within the boundary of the service court. To accom- plish this the ball must be hit on top as much as possible, and the secret of the new twist service lies in reaching over the ball and striking it from above as well as one side. The racket strings are drawn across the cover of the ball as much as possible, the ball taking the strings near one edge of the frame and leaving at the other side. To do this a very quick side motion is required, and it is this that gives the ball its rapid spinning motion. It has been a mystery to many why a tennis ball should bound in the opposite direction from its curve, but if one will apply the principle of the "English" in billiards he will understand at once ihe reason. In the overhand out twist, as served by Ward and Alexander, the ball spins sharply on its own axis, combining the effect of right-hand English and the "follow" shot in billiards — in other words, it spins exactly like a billiard ball when hit for a follow shot with right English. It curves to the (server's) left in seeking the line of the least resistance (which is a comnjon rule in all physics) because of the greater friction on its right side, and it curves downward in its flight because of the greater fricti'on on its top side. Instantly the ball strikes the ground it breaks to the right be- cause the spinning motion drags it that way when it comes in con- tact with the ground, just the same as a billiard ball with right English will rebound to the right when it strikes the cushion of the table. Thus we have the double motion in this new twist service, which has puzzled so many who have played against it. The reason why its effect has been greater with American than with English balls is because the surface covering of the Ameri- can ball is rougher than that of the English, and the resistance in going through the air becomes greater in consequence. The ball gets a sharper twist from the racket because the rougher cover makes it cling longer to the string. The service used by Whitman has the reverse twist, his racket removes from (his) right to his left, the ball curves from left to right, and breaks again to the left as it leaves the ground. Davis's service has the same curves and the same effect as Whit- tnan's, but Davis reaches very much further over the ball, hitting Ho w t P I a y L, a w n 1 e n n i s 51 it faster and making it bound deeper. It is an out twist and not a reverse twist, however, because Davis plays with his left hand and the racket travels away from his body, not across it. The service used by Ward and Alexander is an out twist made with the right arm, the racket traveling away from the body to the (server's) right; the ball curves from right to left, and breaks sharply to the right again after leaving the ground. In Whitman's case the racket travels across in front of his body and the tendency in making this reverse twist is to throw the server off his balance, and to make it doubly difficult for him to run in to the net to volley the first return. In the case of the out twist, it is just the reverse, and Ward is said to have in- vented this service in an effort to get the impetus of the racket to help him get in motion quicker after serving in his hurry to reach the net for the volleying position. In each case where this out twist service has been successful the server bends very far backward and drops his racket down far behind his back before making the stroke. In each case, too, he reaches well up over the ball, and the more he hits it on top, the more speed he can secure and still make the ball drop enough to fall inside of the service court. There is a tendency also to ease up slightly on the inside edge of the racket so that the strings will follow the ball longer and give it a sharper twist in making the stroke. This new American twist service is physically very severe on its users, and tires the muscles of the back and stomach more * than those of the arms, because of the sharp bending backward as the stroke is made. There is no secret about it, however, and the fact that Alexander has successfully learned to use it simply through watching Ward make the service and practising it steadily is proof that any other player can learn this stroke who will give enough time and conscientious effort to learn it. The keynote to success, however, lies in hitting the ball well on top with a very sharp twist, the ball rolling across the entire face of the strings before it leaves it, and in striking it very much harder than would be possible to bring an ordinary service within the court. 52 How to Play Lawn Tennis How to Build and Keep a Court Nothing is more important for the full enjoyment of lawn tennis than a satisfactory court, and none of the other accessories of the game offers a wider variety. Many important consider- ations come up even after the kind of court to be built, and the cost, have been decided upon. No matter how much is to be spent on the ground, nor what the surface is to be, the most important things to consider first are space, light and drainage. The back-stop nettings should never be nearer than fifteen feet from the lines, and if good players are expected to use the court, particularly if tournament matches are to take place on it, the space behind the base-line should be 21 feet at each end. At the sides at least 6 feet, if possible 12 feet should be allowed beyond the side-lines for doubles of each court. A well- appointed court for tournament play should be centered in an unobstructed space of not less than 60 x 120 feet. Wire back- stop netting 10 or 12 feet high should surround it at these distances from the lines. If there are two or more courts to- gether, there should be at least 12 feet between their side lines, and one netting can surround all. In selecting a site for a court, a spot should be chosen where there is always plenty of sunlight, and where at no time of the day does any shadow cross the ground on which the court is to be laid. Green or black is a preferable background to play against, but any dark and even color will do. A court should never be laid out with any very light background within a short distance at either end, or close at either side. Nor should a site be selected with a badly mixed or moving background. Shade trees are useful near a court only if their shadow is a solid one, not constantly checkered by flecks of sunlight glittering through moving branches, which constantly confuse the players. Never How to Play Lawn Tennis 53 should they be allowed near enough to cast any shadows on the playing surface. , One more cardinal point should be remembered. The court should invariably be laid out north and south— never east and west. If this warning is disregaided, the player at one end or the other will be hopelessly blinded by the sun. The question of drainage is one of the most important consid- erations in selecting a site of this kind. On the natural facilities depends largely the cost of laying out a good court. If the natural soil be sandy and well drained, or if it is on high ground which slopes away near by, artificial drain pipes will not have to be put in, and this saves much of the cost, but if it be thick clay that holds moisture long, or on low ground with neighboring slopes that drain toward it, the court will be useless for many hours after each rainfall unless artificial drain pipes are put in. After the site has been selected, it must be decided whether a grass or "dirt" court is to be built. If the natural sod is lux- uriant and the soil favorable for its growth, or if the court is not to be used enough to wear off the grass, a turf court will gen- erally be found preferable, but if the ground is to be constantly in use, the sod will wear off and become "bald" unless there is space enough on the lawn to shift the court frequently. When good turf cannot be had or will not stand the wear, a substitute must be found, and sand or dirt courts are most often used. On well-drained land, one can sometimes cut away the top surface, level the ground and roll it until well hardened and the court is ready for use, but more preparation is necessary to build a permanent court that will not be constantly losing its proper level. For such a court the earth should be cut away to a depth of one foot if no drains are required. After leveling it carefully with a spirit level, to be sure that the grade is right, a layer of aix inches of broken stone should first be laid and pounded down Hard. Ordinary trap-rock used for macadmizing roads is perhaps the best for this purpose, but any broken stone, ranging in sizes from a walnut to an ^Z'^, will answer the purpose. This should 54 How to Play Lawn Tennis be covered with a three-inch layer of coarse gravel or fine broken stone, which should be thoroughly pounded and watered for several days before being covered. Before any surface is put on the court, the greatest care should be taken to see that the foun- dation is perfectly level, or, rather that the center of it is not more than one inch lower than at the ends. Any holes or de- pressions that appear from rolling and pounding should b« filled in before it is covered. Every well-built court should be graded toward the net, and a drain-pipe well-protected with broken stone should be sunk at right angles to the court, dividing it in halves at the net. To- ward this gutter the surface of the court should be drained and the drain-pipe in turn should be tilted enough to carry the water to one side well off the grounds, into some lower spot, or be connected with some sunken hogshead or regular sewer. A sur- face grade of one inch is enough to keep the average court dry. The base» lines therefore should be one inch higher than the ground at the net, and if the soil is sandy enough to take up most of the water from the average rainstorm, no drain but that under the net will be necessary. Some players prefer the court to drain from end to end, in which case the court should grade gradually so that one end is two inches lower than the other. If artificial drainage is necessary to keep the court dry, drain- pipes can be laid in the foundations of the court. This can be done by getting six-inch stone sewer-pipes cut in halves, or stone gutters used on tiled roofs, and sinking them in the ground, open side up, immediately under the foundation of broken rock. Two or three should be placed on each side of the net, parallel with the side-lines and graded down toward the center gutter under the net. These pipes should be filled with coarse pebbles or cracked stones about the size of walnuts, and they keep the drains from filling up with earth. The water will then trickle through the coarse sand and stones to the pipes and b^ carried down to the main gutter and so off the court. The covering for a gravel or sand court should be not less than three nor more than six inches in thickness, and of sandy How to Play Lawn Tennis loam and clay mixed. The proportions depend on the quality of the clay. If it is very binding and sticky, one part of sand to two of clay are preferable, but for the average ingredients they should be mixed about four parts of clay to one part of sand. When the court is finished, if it is found to be too soft but dry, more clay should be added; while if it drains poorly and stays muddy too long after rain, or its surface is too sticky for the player's feet, more sand should be added on the surface. When a court is finally covered, it should be thoroughly watered and rolled alternately twice every day for two weeks before it is played on at all, and any depressions or uneven spots corrected as fast as they appear from the settling. After the first heavy rain-storm it should be gone over and releveled most carefully, for then it is most likely to develop new faults. The fine seashore sand will seldom be found satisfactory for the surface of a court, for it works loose too quickly under the players' feet, and can only be made to bind when mixed with a larger proportion of clay, which will make the drainage more difficult, as water percolates very slowly through clay. If the soil upon which a court is being built is very rich and worms promise to work through to the surface above and injure the court, it is well to lay a layer of fine cinders, those from a rail- road engine preferred, between the foundation and the sandy surface layer. These cinders effectually prevent worms from coming through to the surface. It is also well to use coarse sifted ashes mixed with the stones in the drain-pipes. The construction of a grass court is less difficult, but varies much more in process. If cost need not be considered, it should be built by a professional, and will be laid on deep-laid founda- tions ; if it is desired to build an economical court on an available lawn which is fairly level, the cost will not be heavy. The sod should first be carefully removed in squares of about eighteen inches, from a space at least 50 by 100 feet, cutting down to a depth of about six inches. The ground should then be turned with a spade to a depth of eighteen inches or two feet, and after all stones have been removed, and the earth carefully raked over 56 How to Play Lawn Tennts and leveled, it should be packed and rolled with a heavy roller. It cannot have too much leveling and rolling, and the rolling should be kept up for several days with plenty of soaking by rain or hose-pipe. Any inequalities which the heavy pressure of the roller produces should be filled in or cut down before the sods are relaid. After the ground has been rolled sufficiently the sods should be replaced. In doing this it is important to get the edges close together, so that no seams or open cracks can be found. These sods should be relaid in the afternoon and well drenched with water. The next day the ground should be rolled again; and this should be followed by alternate drenching and rolling for several days. Even when the ground finally appears firm and level, the court should not be played upon until new blades of grass appear in considerable numbers. If depressions appear, the sod at that spot should be lifted, fresh earth inserted to the proper grade and the sod replaced, watered and rolled till level and flat again. Bad spots are often found where the grass is thin or where malignant weeds obstruct its growth, and in this case fresh sods should be bought or cut elsewhere and substituted. Sometimes large patches of ground must be renewed in this way, but it will be found much less expensive if all the turf is bad to sow the new court down with lawn seeds, and seeds will often help out thin spots in the grass if the court is not to be used too soon after the sowing. It is better to make a grass court in the fall whether it is to be sown with seed or sodded. The winter storms will then settle it thoroughly, and after a little releveling in the spring it will be ready for use. Grass seeds should be sown between the middle of March and the first of May, or better yet, in the autumn, between the middle of August and the first of October. It takes about 20 pecks of good lawn seed to cover a space 60 by 120 feet. The sowing should be gone over twice, the second time at right angles to the first. Clover seeds should be avoided, as this grass does not wear well, and guano should not be used for fertilizing, for it tends to bring up coarse blades in patches. How to Play Lawn Tennis 57 As soon as the young grass is high enough to be topped, a scythe or sickle should be used, being at first better than the mowing machine. After the new grass is well hardened, how- ever, the latter should be constantly in use, never less than once a week, and in moist warm weather nearly every day. With every precaution weeds are sure to appear, but these can gen- erally be held in check by constant mowing. The more formidable weeds, however, must be cut with a knife one by one about an inch below the surface, and care being taken to remove as much of the root as possible. A pinch of salt dropped on the cut root will generally stop the growth. When the turf becomes worn in spots a small shift in the lines of the court will relieve vhe pressure and enable the grass to grow again; at the end of the season all of the bare patches should be resown. There are several other kinds of court sometimes built when turf cannot be had. Cinders, clay, concrete, cement and asphalt are also sometimes used, while board courts are built under cover for winter use. Concrete and cement are open to many objections. They are very hard on the eyes and legs, and often make the player's feet sore; the surface generally wears out the balls and shoes quickly, and it is also liable to crack with frost. Cinder courts are cheap and easy to construct, but the surface is so gritty that it burns the feet of the players and soon uses up the balls. They are also very dirty. Asphalt courts are expensive and much affected by heat and cold, sometimes even cracking with the frost. In Australia courts have been made of cracked blue-stone, while a cheaper substitute has been found in England in what is called a brick rubble court. Once the court is finally built and ready for use, it must be properly marked out. In every case, unless it be of grass, and the lines are to be constantly shifted to prevent bare spots, net- posts should be permanently sunk in the ground. They should be not less than two feet under the ground nor forty feet apart. A double court contains every line used for singles, and so it is customary to mark a court for doubles, except occasionally S8 How to Play Lawn Tennis for important tournament matches in singles, when the outside lines are left oflf. In order to lay out a court properly the middle of the space should be measured and the two posts set down for the net. Then cord should be stretched along one side just inside the post and pegs driven down into the ground each 39 feet from the net. In order to prove that the side-lines are at right angles with the line of the posts where the net is to cross it should be proved by measuring with a tape-line or cord the diagonals from the opposite net-post to the corner peg at each end of the side- line, which should agree. A very useful implement for measuring is Spalding's Patent Angle Steel Measuring Tape. With it, any one can secure accurate right angles, yet it is also available for straight or any kind of measuring. It is 50 feet long, graduated in feet, inches and eighths of an inch, and is enclosed in hard leather case, with all mountings nickel-plated. The price is $4.00. The pegs from the other two corners should be driven down next by measuring id feet at right angles from each end of the side-line already planned. Then you have a hollow square, but before marking any of the lines it should be proved again. The long diagonals, from corner to corner, should be carefully meas- ured to agree, in order that the court shall be exactly rectangular, not diamond shaped. Each side-line and each base-line should be gone over again to prove its length accurate, and then the lines of this hollow square should be marked out. If the posi- tion of the court is not to be shifted it is a good plan to sink small angle plates to mark these four corners so that when a hard storm washes away the lines, they will not have to be laid out all over again. The inner side-lines should be put in next, each parallel with the outer lines, and 4^ feet inside, measuring them at the base- lines and at the net to prove them parallel. One each of these pegs should be driven down just 18 feet from either end, and then they should be measured the other way to prove that each is 21 feet from the net and 42 feet from that at the opposite end. Across from each of these to that on the opposite side shouW be marked the service-lines, and then dividing these service-lines in half, the half-court line should be marked, its How t.o Play Lawn Tennis 59 distance being 133/^ feet from each inner side-line. The court will then be completed and ready for use. A good dirt court should be swept, watered, rolled and freshly marked out after every eight or ten sets of play, and oftener in very dry weather Instantly a depression is discovered it should be filled in and roUed down before playing is continued, for it is almost as dangerous for the players as the court to continue with it uneven. A court should never be rolled in the condition 'he players leave it after play. A player's heel raises a little /\imp; if the roller goes over this before it is swept down even again, a hard ridge results and the ball will bound unevenly from it. It should be swept over first, until all the lumps are leveled down, before the roller is allowed on its surface. One of the best sweepers is made of a heavy joist of wood with a dozen thicknesses of old jute bagging or coarse cloth frayed out at the bottom edges, fastened to its bottom and trail- ing on behind it. This should be drawn over the court with a handle or rope several times. If it is pushed, the groundsman's feet will leave tracks after it ; if he goes ahead the sweeper will erase them. Before the lines are marked out fresh, the old ones should always be swept off with a broom, but if the broom is constantly used along the lines in a parallel direction, it will gradually wear away little grooves in the court where the lines are and the balls will bound improperly from them. The sweep- ing should be done lightly across the court, at right angles with the lines. A grass court cannot have too much care. It is advisable to wet it thoroughly several times a week and roll it as often. It should be watered at night, cut in the morning, and rolled after cutting and before watering. The best way to repair a bare strip of ground is to lay fresh turf, and this should be done in the Call or as early as possible in the spring. Good tough turf, laid In February or early in March, will be fit for use by the first of June. In the early spring grass roots both in new turf and old may be greatly benefited by a good dressing of manure well worked in, but regular manuring should also be done in the fall. 6o How to Play Lawn Tennis Worm casts are very bad for good tennis turf. Particularly in fertile ground or after a storm, the little mounds will appear on the sod, and if the roller passes over them or they are trodden down little hard lumps are formed which spoil the surface of the court. The turf should always be swept before rolling, and in rich soil every morning. This scatters the mounds effectually. Where it is necessary to get rid of the worms, lime water should be sprinkled on the ground. They will then come- to the surface and can be swept away. When a horse mowing machine is used it is well to have the horse's hoofs covered with soft pads to prevent their cutting into the turf and leaving prints that affect the bound of the ball. The groundsman at work on good lawn tennis courts, particularly when the turf is soft, and always on a sand court, should be required to wear rubber-soled shoes without heels. How to Play Lawn Tennrs 6l New Thoughts on Training and Diet By Eustace H. Miles. [From the London Daily Mail.] Before I outline my system of training let me also say that I have put it to very severe tests. It has held good in the sever- est heat (in New York) and in the severest cold (in New York, Tuxedo, and Montreal). At Montreal I played three complete racquet matches (not games) in succession without a break. And in the United States I several times played three hard tennis matches in one day. Moreover, I can keep up this stan- dard of endurance without regular practice of the games. At the beginning of last year I lived an almost utterly sedentary life for three months, and then went off and played tennis hard for two hours. Nor have I ever found it necessary, because of the training, to discontinue my brainwork, even up to the very day of an important competition. Nor have I had a single breakdown, or indeed any appreciable staleness — the bugbear of athletes — since I changed my diet. In diet I do not hold to the absolute ideal, but I never go very far from it. A "hygienic ideal" would cut me off from most social meals altogether, and also perhaps from all stuffy and smoky rooms. So I keep myself slightly on the human side of supreme pinkness. I prefer two meals a day, at lo — iij and 4 — 5, or (with perhaps a fruit breakfast) at 12 — i and 6:30 — 7:30. But I can eat five meals. I do not eat either flesh foods (fish, flesh, or fowl), or meat juices (in soups or otherwise), or eggs. Why not eggs? Because they do not suit me. Why not flesh foods? For the same rea- son and for many others. Instead of the undeniably nourishing and stimulating flesh foods I substitute what I find to be a not less nourishing basis and staple to give me proteid or albumen which shall rebuild 62 How i0 Play Lawn Tennis the blood and cells of my body and repair its waste. We might, indeed, live on proteid matter alone, and with it, with the help of a few minerals (e. g., phosphates), renew every cell of the body, says Professor Sir Michael Foster. Professors Gamgee, Pavy, and Bunge, and Dr. Robert Hutchin- son, like most other authorities, insist on the importance of pro- teid, and set down our average daily amount at 4 to 5 ounces. This amount I easily get from milk-proteid (I use Plasmon), cheese, nuts (often milled or in nut-foods), wholemeal bread, or biscuits, peas or haricot beans or lentils (sometimes) ; the other elements of food I obtain chiefly from fruits, but some- times from well-prepared vegetables. Stimulants such as tea I do not altogether avoid. I never have smoked for more than a few seconds ; all attempts have al- ways made me ill. I can eat slowly; for several days I gave my mouthfuls over sixty bites each. But to two practices I must adhere — to the deep full upward breathing through the nose; and also to the daily air-and-Iight- bath for the whole body, together with rubbing, self-massage, sharp exercises, and stretching exercises. One of the greatest shocks of my life was when I was performing thus on the sands near Hunstanton and suddenly say two undergraduates looking at me in fear and wonder from behind a rock. I now air-bathe in my bedroom. I can find no air-bath near London, queer London. As to exercise, I never lift or carry weights except when I go shopping with ladies — this I do rarely. I consider that most weight-lifting tends to slowness and stiffness. My movements are chiefly brisk and full. Equally important in my system is muscular relaxing; not mere stillness and not mere slackness, but freedom and econ- omy. Of course, in athletics we should relax most of the unused muscles. But I go further. I purposely relax my arms and hands, my legs and feet, my neck and spine. I relax my face, and smile (when I am alone). Why should I be tense and clench my fist.<5 and look almost as fierce as great American millionaires How to Play Lawn Tennis C^ and politicians do in their photographs? I cannot see a reason. So I try to look calm and not waste valuable energy in a worse than valueless way. During brainwork I almost invariably aim at repose of the muscles — open channels through which, as through unknotted in- dia-rubber pipes, the life-forces may smoothly flow. It is easiest to relax during the slow breathing outwards. It seems vital for me to relax both before and after great physical or mental efforts. That is a personal experience. Here, as with diet, I dare not suggest a law. I dare only suggest a plan worth trying. Experientia docct. Experience must be our teacher. By their fruits ye shall know them. If worry and anxiety be thus re- moved; have we not here the cheapest of all nerve sedatives? Water seems to me to have at least two distinctive functions. Warm water serves to soothe, and to cleanse. Let it be soft, whether it be rain-water or water distilled or else softened by oatmeal or some "salts," and let it be used with pure soap and friction. Cool or cold water serves to invigorate and harden. Cool or cold water should be used after warm water. The body may be sponged part by part, just as air-baths may be partial. And then should follow rubbing, and perhaps exercise, and certainly stretching of the limbs. How sadly we need it! Sandals may be worn whenever one has the courage. Though one of the greatest pleasures of my life was to have done over sixteen hours of hard brainwork in a day — once I reached eighteen — yet among the greatest pleasure I also reckon the consciousness of energy and endurance. I utterly disbelieve in the negative theory of health — that one should not be aware of the body. It ought to be a real joy to live. I love to feel each muscle tingle and thrill. I love to have to move briskly every now and then especially with the shoulders and the legs, from sheer vitality. Surely our healthy nerves should be to us a joy rivalling the joy from taste or music. OFFICIAL RULES FO R ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS. . The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. Event. All-Round Athletic Cham- pionship A. A. U. Athletic Rules .... A. A. U. Boxing Rules A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules. . A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. A. .\. U. Wrestling Rules. . . Archery Badminton Base Ball Indoor Basket Ball, Official Collegiate Women's Water Basket Goal Bat Ball Betting Bowling Boxing — A. A. U., Marquis of Queensbury, London Prize Ring Broadsword (mounted) Caledonian Games Canoeing Children's Games Court Tennis Cricket Croquet Curling Dog Racing Fencing Foot Ball Code of Rules Association (Soccer) English Rugby Canadian Golf Golf -Croquet Hand Ball Hand Polo Hand Tennis Hitch and Kick Hockey Ice.... Field Garden Lawn Parlor Ring Ontario Hockey Ass'n. . . Indoor Base Ball Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. I.-C. Gymnastic Ass'n Lacrosse U. S. I.-C. Lacrosse League No. 182 311 311 311 311 311 248 Event, 162 55 55 23 189 194 3 138 14 55 165 2 334 2a 55 332 5 188 13 188 194 55 304 6 154 188 188 188 55 256 9 307 333 201 337 Lawn Bowls • Lawn Games Lawn Tennis Obstacle Races Olympic Game Events — Mar- athon Race, Stone Throw- ing with Impetus, Spear Throwing, HellenicMethod of Throwing Discus. Dis- cus. GreekStylef or Youths Pigeon Flying Pin Ball Playground Ball Polo ( Equestrian) i Polo, Rugby Polo, Water (A. A. U.) [Potato Racing . . Professional Racing, Shef- field Rules Public Schools Athletic League Athletic Rules. Girls' Branch; including Rules for School Games Push Ball Push Ball. Water Quoits i Racquets I Revolver Shooting I Ring Hockey Roller Polo I Roller Skating Rink Roque iRowing Sack Racing jShuffleboard Skating Skittles... Snowshoeing Squash Racquets ] Swimming Tether Tennis Three- Legged Race Volley Ball Wall Scaling Walking Water Polo (American) Water Polo (English) Wicket Polo Wrestling Y. M. C. A. Ail-Round Test. Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . Y. M. C. A. Hand Ball Rules. Y.M.C.A. Pentathlon Rules. Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules. s'S^Ke THE SPALDING TRADEMARK "^rrf QUALITY HE SUCCESS we have met with in put- ting out this racket accompanied by the broadest guarantee ever given on an article of this kind is the best evidence as to the truth of our assertions re- garding the great care which we exercise in watching every detail of its manufacture. The racket is sold upon its own reputation and the Spalding Guarantee is your assurance of satisfaction. The difference between Styles A and B is in the additional strings reinforcmg the central portion of the latter. Handles 5 and 5k inches in circum- ference. Stringing of clearest and absolutely best quality lambs' gut. Tag attached to each racket, giving particulars of special in- spection. Each racket enclosed in special quality mackintosh cover. We use a dogwood insertion in shoulders, after proving to our satisfaction, by experience, that it is far superior to cane or other material for the purpose. '' NO.GM.' STYLE B STRINGING. Each, $8.00 WE guarantee Lawn Tennis Rackets (or a period of 30 days from date of pur- | chase bv the user. The \<;^ Guarantee Tag attached ^^'H to each Spalding Lawn Tennis Racket reads as follows: II this Racket proves defective in work- manship or material within 30 days date of purchase, please transportation charges prepaid, to any Spalding Store, and the defect will be rectified. Imperfectly strung Rackets will be restrung, and in the event of a broken frame due to workmanship or defective material, the Racket will be replaced. Notice.— This Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weighing less than 13 ounces. We urge that at the conclusion of play this Racket be rubbed dry. and when not in use be covered with a Waterproof Cover, placed in a Racket Press, and the gut occasion- ally varnished. 1/EEP YOUR RACKET IN A HdRY place, otherwise ** the Guarantee is Void. m. PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO ANY COMMUNICATIONS ' ADDRESSEfl TO ys A.G.SPALDING & BROS, STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIOE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK ©to Uisffcet January ^ISIO^ ^uijKlJojhange viilhoui notice, for Canadian priftf 4se.J6««*' Canaian Calalegm |fel{IMtaJ!lid;;jJM^3)I^ GUARANTEES QUALITY Spalding pcrtcct ovai Hackett and Alexander Model Racket No.O€M A D E in the SPALDING "Perfect Oval" Model with walnut throat piece and dogwood rein- forcement. We claim that this is a scientifically perfect lawn tennis racket, and the experi- ence of two of the most success- ful of last season's players who used this racket in their most important matches ^oes far to prove the truth of our assertion. Handles 5 and 64 inches in circumference. Stringing of clearest and absolutely best qual- ity lambs' gxit. Each racket is enclosed in a special quality mackintosh cover. mi r\nnm Spalding "Perfect Oval" An a a No. OGM. P.L-.-1-. -.^ ALEXANDER $§.00 Model Racket. Each, GUARANTEE WE guarantee Lawn Ten- nis Rackets for a period of 30 days (rom date of purchase by the user. The Guarantee Tag attached to each Spalding Lawn Tennis Racket reads as follows: If this Racket proves defect- ive in workmanship or material within 30 days from date of purchase, please return, transportation charges prep.iid. to any Spald- ing Store, and the delect will be rectified. Imperfectly strung rackets will be restrung, and in the event of a broken frame due to workmanship or defective material, t h e Racket will be replaced. Notice.— This Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weigh- ing less than 13 ounces. We urge that at the conclusion of play this Racket be rubbed dry, and when not in use be covered with a Waterproof Cover, placed in a Racket Press, and the gut occasionally varnished. KEEP YOIR RACKET IN A DRY PLACE. olherwise the Guaranlee is V«id. PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO ANr COMMUNICATIONS AOORESSED TO OS A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPUTI LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS mi ejtit January 5,19 lU. I chtingc f-or Canadian pncei yce ipecial Canadian Calatfigut, StK?e THE SPALDING TRADEMARK ^r,Tv^^ QUALITY Pat. Jan. 3, 1905 The Spalding Tennis Rackets •THE good points in the following rackets can be vouched for by some of the most successful of last season's players. In all of them quality of material and workmanship is superb and perfect balance assured. Pach frame made of finest white ash. highly pol shed; combed Spanish cedar handle, leather capped. Model ex. Gold Medal shape. Taped^houlders; 'strung with best lambs' gut. This racket is equal to the be^t of any other make. Each, S6.Q.O Model DH. Hand- made throughout and strung with special quality lambs' gut Modeled after style racket used exclusively by some of the greatest players in the world. Made with extra stringing in central portion of racket, 06. OO No.* 1 1 . The Tournament. Taped shoulders ; strung with good quality lambs' gut A very popular model. Each, S4.00 fiSi 8. The Slocom. Oval shape, good quality &ame, strung with special Oriental gut A very superior racket at a moderate price. Extra string- ing-in central portion of racket Each, S3.6Q o=> GUARANTEE We guarantee Lawn Tennis Rapkets for a period of 30 days (rem date of purchase by the user The Guar- antee Tag attached to each Spalding Lawn Tennis Racket reads as follows : If this Racket proves de- fective in workmanship or material within 30 days from date of purchase, please return, transportation charges prepaid, to any Spalding Store, and the defect will be rectified Imperfectly strung Rackets will be restrung. and in the event of a broken frame due to workmanship or defective material, the Racket will be replaced NOTICE This Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weighing less than 13 ounces. We urge that at the conclusion of play this Racket be rubbed dry, and when not in use be covered with a Water- proof Cover, placed in a Racket Press, and the gut occa- sionally varnished Keep Tour Racket In a Dry Place, Otherwise The Guarantee Is Void. PROMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO I . ANY COMMONICATIONS ADDIIESSED TO US A. G.SPALDING &. BROS, STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK fijccj iaiffecl January 5, 1310^ Subject. I 9 ahgnge without nolki For Canadian pacu s g===5 p «===J) •yHE following rackets are all excellent quality. Frames of the finest selected white ash, highly polished, with combed Spanish cedar handle, leather capped; stringing of good quality Oriental gut. No. 6. The Lakeside. . . ... Each, 83. OO No. 4. The Greenwood. ... " 2.00 No. 3. The Geneva. ... " 1 -OO This Guarantee does not apply to Rackets weigh- ing less than 13 ounces. Spalding Junior Cliampion Racket Made particularly for juvenile use. with small grip and in weights from 10 to 12 ounces inclusive, only. Frame of selected white ash, highly polished Oriental gut stringing. A good playing racket for boys and girls. No. OJ. Each, 82. OO We urge that at the conclusion of play this Racket be rubbed dry, and when not in use be covered with a Waterproof Cover, placed in a Racket Press,and the gut occasionally varnished. « Keep Your Racket in a Dry Place, Otherwise Tlie Guarantee is Void. [1 PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO IJ tANY COMMUNICATIONS |1 ^ ADDRESSED TO US AG. SPALDING &, BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPIETE LIST OF stores] SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER 1 OF THIS BOOK 1 — -Bices inject J ana^ry5.l9IU. Suhjecl to cha ige wilhoul notice - For Canadian frifti jtt social C anadiqn Cataipgut. ACCEPT NO juc CDAI niMPffff'^fllTDAnr.MADU' GUARANTEES SUBSTITUTE I nt5rALUlrlbl^\^|P; I KAULM^ quality Spalding Championship Tennis Ball I perfect INFLATION COVERING SEWING ON the record made by the Spalding Cham- pionship Tennis Ball so far we are willing to base our claims for superiority, and wherever the ball is used, either in a tournament or regular play, we are certain our judgment will be con- firmed. Absolutely best in every particular of manufac- ture and made by people who have been in our employ, many of them, for twenty years and over, we place the Spalding Championship Ten- nis Ball before the most critical clientele in the ath- letic world with perfect con- fidence that it will give ab- solute satisfaction. No. 00. Per dozen. $5.00 Wright & DitsoD ■.Championship Tennis Ball No. 5. So well known that com- ment as to its qualities is unneces- sary Per dozen , $ 5 . 5 O Oti orders for NOT less than 1 gross. ' ~ Per gross. $60.00 Toarnament Tennis B.all No. O. In the manufacture of the Spalding Championship Ball only those which are absolutely per- fect in every particular are allowed to pass, and the "culls" or "throw-outs" are stamped simply Tournament and do not bear the Spalding Trade-Mark. These balls will answer for practice or_ for children's use but should not be used for match play. Per dozen, $3.60 PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I ANY COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSED TO US A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK ' ©<«« Imffcd lanuary 5,1310^ ^ubieclJujMangt: uiilhwt nolke FqjiCanadiqn £rtej j^e^Kwa/ Cvorkmanshlp is absolutely the best, and they are well worth many times the additional cost over the ordinary machine made styles on account of their greater durability. If posts are placed jiist 42 or 36 feet apart, nets will fit exactly when drawn taut« Patented April 9, I8SB Cut Shows Donble Center Net with No. A Posts and No. 3-0 Center Sinp . These have double twine knitted together from 11 to 13 feet, according to the size of the net. Will outlast two or more ordinary nets. White, 21 Thread, Double Court. each f] White. 15 Thread, Double Court. EACH No. 3D. 42 ft. X 3 ft, double center 13 ft. 96. 50 No. 3C. 42 ft. x 3 ft, double center 13 ft 94.60 Na 2D. 36 ft X 3 ft, double center 11 ft 6. CO ti No. 2C. 36 ft x 3 ft., double center 11 ft 4.00 Spalding Canvas Bound Nets NOT Couble Center Top bound xvith heavy 2-inch canvas strip. Na SB. Double Court, hand made, 42 ft x3 ft., 21 thread, white. . , ^ No. 2B. Double Court, hand made, 36 ft. x3 ft, 21 thread, white. . ^ » Spalding Machine Made Nets Each, S4.60 4.0Q Top and bottom bound with heavy cotton rope—White. No." I. Single Court, 27 ft , 12 thread. Each^Sl.OO No. a. Double Court, 36 ft, 15 thread. 1 .25 Na 8. Double Court, 42 ft , 15 thread, I . BO Cut Shows Canvas Bound Net with No. C Posts and No. 2-0 Center Slrff Top bound tvith heavy 2-inch canvas strip— White. No. 2 A. Double Court, 36 ft, 15 thread. Each, S 1 .75 I No. 3 A. Double Court, 42 ft . 16 thread. 2.00 MOMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO ANY COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSEO TO US A. G. SPALDING & BROS, STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK ©<<»» in_sfftct January 5.1910^ SubjecUojJ^anse viilhoal nqfitt. For^Qanadianfricajte^tgecial Canadian dlaJpgu sSbSe THE SPALDING TRADEMARK ^'^uTrf SPALDING CLUB NETS ^"i^T^^^ BLACK NETS supplied by us were used in some of the most important tournaments last season and gave perfect satisfaction. Players appreciate the advantage which a black net gives in showing out the ■white ball more distinctly while playing. Nets are dyed with fast coloring matter and by a special process which adds to their durability. Bound at top with a doubled band, of 8 ounce white duck, 2 inches wide and equipped with heavy tarred manila ropes at top and bottom. Cut sboHS Clob Net with No. B PosU and N«. 3-0 Ccnitr Strs). Spalding Clnb Nets -Black Twine (Hand Made) No. a-0. 36 ft. X 3^ ft. 21 thread, double center 11 ft, black twine, hand made Each, S7.00 No. 3-0. 42 ft X 3*4 ft. 21 thread, double center 13 ft, black twine, hand made Each.S7.50 No. 4-0. 36 ftx3% ft., 30 thread, single center, black twine, hand made. . Each,$7.00 No. 6-0. 42ftx3'i ft., 30 thread, single center, black twine, hand made. . Each,$7.50 Spalding Tarred Nets These tarred nets are hand made, bound with 10 ounce duck at top. Full measurement as listed below. No. 6-0. 33 ft. x 3*i ft, 21 thread Each, $7. BO No. 7-0. 42ft. 6in.x3'4ft,21thread. " 9.00 We supply lengths of *f-inch galvan- ized steel cable, consisting of five , strands of seven wires each, twisted tightly, but very pliable, to be used instead of regular manila top rope, arranged with metal loop at each end and loop-spliced manila rope to fasten to posts. This is the most satisfactory and durable style of top rope made and is used on the courts of the most prominent chibs in this country. (« . . . £actu$<)'60 Spalding Twine Nets for Backstops No. 4. Machine Made, White, 50 feet long, 7 feet high, 9 thread. . Each, 82. 60 No. 6. Machirie Made, White,' 50 feet long, 8 feet high, 12 thread. Each, S3. BO No. 5X. Tarred, Machine Made, 50 feet long. 8 feet high, 12 thread. Each, S4.00 Spalding Backstop Post No. BS. Backstop Post only; wooden. Each, 8 1 .20 Spalding Guy Ropes and Pegs No. 3. For use with Backstop Posts ; cotton ropes, fancy pegs. For one pair of Posts. Pecafit 80o. PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I ANT COMMUNICATIONS ^ AOORESSEDTOUS A.G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK 'i'fKci in e£ecl January 5, 1910.^ Suhjecl lo No. I . With separate pins. Perset. $l,00 • ^ • No. 2. With wedge pins attached " I.50 Spalding Wet Spray" Tennis Marker For Graa» Courts •my. No. X. Simple but effective. Flow of liquid under instant control from handle. Makes an even line of uniform width. No ribbon; liquid flows directly on wheel. Each, $5.00 '1^^ Per set, $ I .OO Spalding Tether Tennis Game No. I . Tether Tennis Ball and Cord, regular tennis ball with twine knitted cover). Each, $ I .CO No. O. Tether Tennis Ball and Cord, liglit filled ball with canvas] cover and loop Made specially for playground use Each. S I .CO ) No. 2. Tether Pole. 14 feet « .7 5 No. TP. Tether Pole. 12 feet above ground. Galyanized steel pole. Made specially for playground use. . . Each, $ I O.OO No. 6. Marking Ropes for circle and dividing line, with staples. Spalding "Patent Angle" Steel Measuring Tapes Especially adapted for laying out tennis courts and all kinds of athletic fields. With this tape one person can easily secure accurate right angles, yet the tape is equ»l to any other for straight measuring also. Complete directions showing how to obtain accurate right angles furnished with every tape. Enclosed in hard leather case, flush handles, all mount- ings nickel-plated. Accuracy guaranteed. No. A. 50 feet. Each, S4.00 \ No. B, 100 feeU £acb. S9.76 PHOMPTHTUNTIONGiyENrOl m COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSED TOUS A. G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPltU LIST OF STOfiES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVE" OF THIS BOOH "Pnoo m e/e<;( jamani 5,1910 Subje change I [it notice.. For Canadian prjixsjte s^al Can a d i an Catahgu iDiirMiiaL^MNi GUARANTEES QUALITY Spalding Lawn Tennis Slioes No. AH. High cut, russet leather, with best red rubber flat sole. Hand sewed and of absolutely best grade material throughout. Per pair, S5.50 No. A. Low cut, russet leather, with best red i-ubber flat sole. Hand sewed, quality same as No. AH Per pair. S5.00 NO..CH No. c No. CH. High cut, best white ..:. vas, fine quality white rubber flat sole. Hand sewed. Pair, S.5.00 -\ . C. Low cut, best white can- vas, fine quality white rubber flat sole. . Per pair, $3.50 No. D. Low <:ut, white canvas, red rubber flat sole. Per pair, SI.60 Spalding Sweat Band Useful for players who are obliged to wear eye glasses and who are troubled in play with perspiration dropping; on them and blurring the vision. Used by some of the most prominent players, No. I ._Each, _50o. PROMPT UTTENTION GIVEN TO I ANY COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSED TO US A. G.SPALDING &. BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER. OF THIS BOOK I effect Januan^ 5, 1910. Suhjecl to (Jiange without notice. For^ Canadian friges jee special Canadian Calalpgu ASSUME SPALDING TRADEMARK "^Sf Spalding Squash Tennis Players in the United States are rapidly com- ing to the conclusion that it is not necessary to send to the other side for Squash Rackets. The leading players are now using Spalding goods with general sat- isfaction, and we look for a still further in- crease in the number of users this season owing to certain improvements introduced into the de- tails of manufacture. »~' Spalding Squash Tennis Rackets .^..~»^..«»~«.*««o The heads of these rackets have been changed slightly to a more rounded shape. Frames of the finest selected white ash, bound at shoulders, finished with rounded edges, high polish. No. I 8. Strung with white oriental gut, patent rubber "abrasive" grip. . .,. Each, $3.00 No. 19. Strung with best white lambs' gut, combed cedar handle " 3.60 Na 20. Strung with best white lambs' ^ut, patent rubber "abrasive" grip. . .. " 4.00 Spalding Squash Tennis Balls Are finest quality material and workmanship throughout. It will pay you to try them if you are not already familiar with their good points. The idea of the (overspim) cover, knitted on the ball and with no seams to rip, is original with us and is a valuable improvement. No. O. Spalding Championship Overspun Squash Tennis Balls (Patented.) White or Green covering. Per dozen, $7.20 Spalding Squash Racquets 17. Bats made of finest selecte'^ ash; strung with best quality ~ -— , _ gut ; grip wound with white ^* m^m-^^^^ kid ; best grade throughout. \. "Each, $5.00 Imported best quality I'Vie inch rubber balls; black. " .25 Spalding Superior Squash Shoe No. BG. Low cut, with special fine white buck uppers and pure Para rubber flat sole, hand sewed and superior quality throughout. Best and most satisfactory Squash Shoe made. Per pair^ S7..50 Spalding Squash Tennis Shoe No. AG. Low cut, mauve buck leather uppers, reinforced with red leather, and pure Para rubber flat sole, provided with a suction arrangement on the bottom to secure a good footing. Absolutely high grade throughout., "^Per pair, $6.00 PROMPT mENTION GIVEN TO I ANY COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSEO TO US A. G.SPALDING &. BROS STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES no* iiit^SLt January 5,1910. iu^«:( lo change milhoul notice. * For Canadian fhctsjee special Canadian Calalfigui. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE I!l«yi1ll]| Diirand-Steel] Lockers^ — »yrc< — Wooden lockers are objectionable* because they attract vermin, absorb odora, can be easily broken into, and are dangerous on account of fire. Lockers made from wire mesh 6t expanded metal afford little secur* lty,as they can be easily entered with wire cut* ters. Clothes placed in them become covered with dust, and the lockers themselves present a poor appearance, resembling animal cages Dnrand-Steel Lockers are made of finest grade furniture steel and are finished with gloss black, furnace-baked japan (400°), comparable to that used on hospital ware, which will never flake off nor require refinishing, as do paints and enamels. Some Public •U b*9ll«r* In Doubl* Tl«» Thr*« Lookers In SIngI* Tl«r of ihh d,0 Durand-Steel Lockers Installed In tM Cymnasiums or Chicago. I2»x IB'x 4a», Double Tier, Durand-Steel Lockers are usually built with doors perforated full length in panel design with sides and backs solid. This prevents clothes in one locker from coming in contact with wet garments in adjoining lockers, while plenty of venti* lation is secured by having the door perfo> rated its entire length, but, if the purchaser prefers, we perforate tke backs also. ,.- The cost of Durand-Steel Locker* is no more than that of flrst-clasa wooden lockers, and they last as long as the building, are sanitary, secure, and, in addition, are fire-proof. The following Standard Sizes arb those most commonly used: double tier sinclc tier 12x12x36 Inch 12 x 12x00 Ineh iBxiBxSeinch IBxlBxOOInch 13x12x42 Inch l2xl2x7ainoh IB X IB X 42 Inch IBxlBx72lnoh Special Sizes made to order. We are handling lockers as a special co^- ^tract business, and shipment will in every case be made direct from the factory in Chicago. If you will let us know the num- ber of lockers, size and arrangement, we shall be glad to take up, through eorr^ spondence, the ouitter of prices, PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I ANYCOMMUNIIMTIONS., ADDRESSED TO US " A. G. SPALDING &. BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK '&ice> irieffccl January 5,1910. Subject lo change wilhoul notice. For Canadian piica see special Canadian CalaJf^uc THE SPALDINGi^^?^TRADE-MARK GUARANTEES IUfelb| ACCEPT NO ^-^ QUALITY Xgr"i2^ SUBSTITUTE ^ The Spalding Official Intercollegiate Foot Ball No.J5. This is the only Official Rugby Foot Ball, and is used in every important match played in America. Guaranteed abso- lutely if seal of box is unbroken. We pack, with leather case and pure Para rubber bladder, an inflater, lacing needle and raw- Uidelace. Complete, $5. OO Hie Spalding Official Basket Ball No. M . Officially adopted and standard. The cover is ma(?e in four sections, with caples;3 ends and of the finest and most carefully selected pebble grain English leather. We take the entire output of this high grade of leather from the English tanners, and in the Official Bas- ket Ball use the choicest parts of each hide. The bladder is made specially for this ball of extra quality Para rubber. Each ball packed complete in sealed box. Complete, $6.00 The Spalding Official Association Foot BalS No. L ■ The case is construo ted in four sections with cap- less ends, neat in appearance and very serviceable. Materia? and workmanship of highest quality and fully guaranteed. Each ball is packed complete in sealed box, with pure Para rub- ber guaranteed bladder, foot ball inflater, rawhide lace and lacing needle. Contents guar- anteed if seal is unbroken. Complete, $5.00 ll < nominunications addressed to Montreal Canada A. G. SPALDING & BROS. In any of the following cities will receive attention London England For street nnmbera see inside front cover of thla book. New York Buffalo Boston Plttsbnr0 Baltimore PhUadelphia Washington New Orleans Chicago Cleveland Delrolt Cincinnati Kansas City St. louis San Francisco 1 DcnvitT "^ 1 MinneapoUs 1 IV i — » <^ tffttt Juta ^ i90^ Subject to ehnno*' v» 'hf»j , i GUARANTEES ^^ QUALITY Spalding Official ,„ '([;/r/i?/Jr/ 1 National REG. U. 6, Ball REG. U. 6. PAT. or OFFICIAL BALL OF THE GAME FOR OVER THIRTY YEARS Adopted by the National Leagrue in 1878, and the only ball used in Cham- pionship ^ames since that time. Each ball wrapped in tinfoil, packed in a separate box, and sealed in accordance with the latest League regulations. Warranted to last a full game when used under ordinary conditions. No. 1. Each, $1.25 Per dozen, $15.00 London, ' England A. G. * X^omnxuntcalions addressed to SPALDING & BROS. EdlnbuiSiJ Scotland 1 Birmingham England «n any of the following cities will receive attention. , For slreel numbers see inside front cover of Ihh book- ^ A%5.| New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Pittsburg Baltimore Montrea Washington Atlanta New Orleans , Canada Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco! Seattle 1 Minneapolis 1 St. Paul 1 ^Ticei in effect January 5, 1910 Subject to change without notice. 1HE loliowing selection of items Irom their latest Catalogue will give an idea of the great variety of ATHIETIC GOODS manufactured by A. G. SPALDING & BROS. SEND FOR A FREE COPY. Archery Bags- Bat . Cricket Striking Uniform Balls- Base Basket Cricket Field Hockey Foot, College Foot. Rugby Foot, Soccer Golf Hand Indoor Medicine Playground Squash Tennis Volley Water Polo Bandages. Elastic Bathing Suits Bats- Base Ball Cricket Belts Caps- Base Ball University Water Polo Chest Weights Circle, Seven-Foot Coats, Base Ball Collars, Swimming Corks, Running Covers, Racket Cricket Goods Croquet Goods Discus, Olympic Dumb Bells Emblems Equestrian Polo Exerciser, Home Felt Letters Fencing Sticks Field Hockey Flags- College Foul, Base Ball Marking, Golf Foils, Fencing Foot Balls- Association College Rugby Glasses, Base Sun Automobile Ball Gloves^ Base Ball Boxing Cricket Fencing Foot Ball Golf Handball Hockey, Ice Glove Softener Goals — Basket Ball Foot Ball Hockey. Ice Golf Clubs Golf Counters Golfette Gymnasium, Home Gymnasium Board Hammers, Athletic Hats, University Head Harness Health Pull Hockey Sticks, Ice Hole Cutter, Golf Hole Rim, Golf Horse, Vaulting Hurdles, Safety Hurley Goods Indian Clubs Jackets- Fencing Foot Ball Javelins Jerseys Knee Protectors Lacrosse Lanes for Sprints Lawn Bowls Leg Guards- Base Ball Cricket Foot Ball Markers, Tennis Masks — Base Ball Fencing Nose [inal Masseur, A b d o m" Mattresses Megaphones Mitts- Base Ball Handball Striking Bag Moccasins Nets- Cricket Golf Driving Tennis Volley Ball Numbers, Compet- Pads— [itors' Chamois, Fencing Foot Ball Sliding, Base Ball Pants- Base Ball Basket Ball Foot Ball. College Foot Ball, Rugby Hockey, Ice Running Pennants, College Plates- Base Ball Shoe Home Marking. Tennis Pitchers' Box Pitchers' Toe Teeing, Golf Platforms, Striking Bag Poles- Vaulting Polo, Roller, Goods Posts- Backstop, Tennis Lawn Tennis Protectors — Abdomen Base Ball Body Eye Glass Push Ball Quoits Rackets, Tennis Rings- Exercising Swinging Rowing Machines Roque Sacks, for Sack Racing Score Board, Golf Score Books- Score Tablets, Shirts- Athletic Base Ball Shoes- Base Ball Basket Ball Bowling Clog Cross Country Cricket Fencing [ation Foot Ball, Associ- Foot Ball, College Foot Ball, Rugby Foot Ball, Soccer Golf Gymnasium Base [Ball Shoes- Jumping Running Skating Squash Tennis Shot- Athletic Indoor Massage Skates- Ice Roller Skis Sleeve, Pitchers Snow Shoes Squash Goods Straps- Base Ball For Three- Legged Race Skate Stockings Striking Bags Suits — Basket Ball Gymnasium Gymnasium, Ladies' Running Soccer Swimming Union Foot Ball Supporters Ankle Wrist Suspensories Sweaters Tether Tennis Tights — Full Wrestling Knee Toboggans Trapeze Trunks- Bathing Velvet Worsted Umpire Indica- Uniforms [tor Wands, Calis- thenic Watches, Stop Water Wings Weights, 56-lb. Whitely Exer- cisers Wrestling Equipment LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS Standard 005 900 285 5 % A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality. To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as well as the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his order from the retailer. However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not. and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are assured; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are practically eliminated. This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz. : the cheapening and degrading of the quality of his product The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that, ten years ago. in 1899, A. G. Spalding A Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways: First— The user is assured of genuine Ofl^cial Standard Athletic Goods, and the same fixed prices to everybody Second— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the manufacture of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Quality. All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic'^Goods are required to supply consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices— neither more nor less— the same prices that similar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. Positively, nobody; not even officers, managers, salesmen or other employes of A. G. Spalding & Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount from the regular catalogue prices. This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful operation for the past ten years, and will be indefinitely continued. In other words, " The Spalding Policy " is a "square deal " for everybody. * A. G. SPALDING & BROS. By (Z^.iJfi.a^^aC^, putiourr. ^^