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'-AND ITS — 
 
 £' GROUNDINGS- 
 
 ■ill Crated- 
 
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 ..PUBLISHED li65 AT BUffAL° NY: 
 
 BY the C L 5HERRILL Company. 
 
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 HE Pen Drawings from which these Plates were Etched are 
 
 ! rom Photographs made with a Kodak Camera, Sketches by the 
 
 Artist, and Photographs kindly loaned by Mr. R.W Bellhouse. 
 
 (~V)PYRIGHTED December, Eighteen Hundred Eighty-Eight, 
 iiv The C. L. Sherrill Company, Buffalo. All Rights Reserved. 
 
 THE C. L. SHERRILL CO. PRINTERS £ ENQRAVERB, 
 41 AND 43 FRANKLIN STREET, BUFFALO N. Y. 
 
HE history of Syracuse dates from the establishing of a small Indian 
 
 Trading Post in the Onondaga Valley at the month of the creek in 
 
 [786, called Webster's Landing, though French missionaries had 
 
 so 
 
 been in the neighborhood over a century ; here the Indians 
 ithered to trade with the white men. For the first twenty 
 years the settlement gained slowly, and in 1S05 the first blacksmith 
 shop was opened and a school house was built. The year following the 
 first tavern was erected, on the present site of the Empire Block. 
 Meanwhile the neighboring village of Salina had been laid out and 
 in ic-12 contained three public houses and twelve stores, while Syracuse was 
 hut a straggling hamlet of a few hundred inhabitants until 1820, when the 
 opening of the Erie Canal, the arrival of the first packet boat, "The Montezuma," 
 the establishment of a post office, and publication of the first newspaper, "The Onondaga 
 Advertiser," gave fresh impetus to the growth. In 1 S3 1 the first religious body was or- 
 ganized, and in 1S25 the village was incorporated. During the next five years the future 
 city was greatly depressed, there being a population of but two thousand five hundred in 
 11 that date the village advanced wonderfully in area, wealth, commerce, 
 and industry, and in 1S40 the place contained over six thousand five hundred inhabitants. 
 
STONE-&RIDGE 
 
 pJl'VlEWj; ON-ONO NDAGA- CREEK : J Q 
 
 CARPENTER 
 
The rapid growth in importance and population during the following decade produced 
 the discussion of its incorporation as a city; the inhabitants differed greatly as to the extent 
 of territory the future city should include, some wanted it to embrace the entire salt 
 springs' reservation, others the village proper only. Up to this time Salina had continued 
 an independent village, but in 1847 it was added to Syracuse and incorporated under one 
 charter, becoming the first ward of the City. In 1850 it had over twenty-two thousand 
 inhabitants ; during the next ten years the growth was moderate, comparatively speaking, 
 there being an increase of only six thousand. After the war broke out, however, it attained 
 it-- greatesl prosperity, owing to foreign salt being wholly excluded from the country, and 
 in [870 the population had reached nearly forty-live thousand, an increase of about sev- 
 enteen thousand inhabitants, while the census of 1880 showed fifty-five thousand. This 
 rapid growth was considered marvelous in the past, but the years that have since been 
 registered on the calendar have so far surpassed the early records that they arc no longer 
 referred to except for comparison. The school census taken in 18S7, gives the city a pop- 
 ulation of eighty-one thousand three hundred and thirty-nine, a gain of over twenty-five 
 thousand in seven years. Syracuse has one hundred and forty-four miles of streets and 
 is cosmopolitan in every respect ; her citizens are enterprising and take great interest in 
 developing the city's resources. It is one of the leading manufacturing towns in the coun- 
 try, and tin' many substantia] commercial structures that are being erected insure a con- 
 stant advance in the value of real estate. The growth is steady and promises to increase 
 even more rapidly in the future, so that it is safe to say the census of the coming year 
 will give the city nearly one hundred thousand inhabitants. 
 
On Tfit/Yfks Y6rh ' (enfrdf ftbod 
 
 
SYRACUSE FROM UNIVERSITY HILL. 
 
 
 
 
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On rfr S/eis y6r/r(?/7frd/Pon<i 
 
S a place of residence, Syracuse is a most desirably located city and possesses a 
 delightful climate. It is surrounded on all sides by beautiful scenery and sum- 
 mer resorts innumerable; among these may be mentioned Skaneateles Lake, 
 which by its beauty attracts many to its shores to sojourn for the summer, 
 while Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida, Cazenovia, and other smaller Lakes, Sodus Point, Clay- 
 ton, Cape Vincent, the Thousand Islands, Saratoga Springs, and the Adirondac Mountains 
 are each within a few hours ride and attract their admirers. Its health is assured by the 
 excellent drainage and natural sewerage, owing to the undulating ground upon which it is 
 built; the area of the city is generous, so that the streets are, as a rule, wide and straight, 
 crossing each other at right angles ; they are bountifully shaded and no city can show 
 more palatial mansions and beautiful homes than are to be found on James, Genesee, 
 Onondaga, and other residence streets. There is a good system of rapid transit for the ac- 
 commodation of the public by means of horse cars and electric railways, whose lines pen- 
 etrate every section and suburb. There are two first class and well patronized theatres, 
 which are open throughout the season. The excellent schools, colleges, libraries, read- 
 ing rooms, newspapers and the many fine churches have made an intelligent and refined 
 population. Syracuse is particularly rich in its beautiful parks and squares, which are 
 scattered throughout the city, adding greatly to the enjoyment of the public. The largest 
 of these is Burnett Park, containing one hundred and twenty acres, situated in the ninth 
 ward, overlooking the city ; others worthy of note are Fayette and Foreman, in the central 
 part. With its numerous advantages and attractions it is not surprising that the population 
 i^ increasing so rapidly by the addition of so many permanent residents. 
 
ESIDES a good system of public, and numerous private, schools, Syracuse has 
 an excellent university, where over five hundred students are in attendance. 
 There are three departments : the College of Fine Arts, the Medical College 
 and the College of Liberal Arts. In connection there is a line library contain- 
 ing about thirteen thousand volumes, and it will be f urthei,enriched by the recent donation 
 of the Yon Ranke Library, one of the largest individual collections ever made, consist- 
 ing of fifty thousand volumes and seventy thousand pamphlets, at present stored in the 
 University, hut soon to he placed in the magnificent stone structure just completed for 
 them. There are two other libraries : The Central, which is free, and contains over 
 eighteen thousand books, and The Library of The Court of Appeals, located in the Court 
 House annex, which consists of twelve thousand five hundred volumes. The churches, 
 sixty-two in number, embrace all denominations, with a total seating capacity of thirty 
 thousand ; the edifices are mostly of stone and present a handsome appearance, exciting 
 the admiration of strangers by their architectural beauty and magnificence. The new- 
 Government building and Post Office has ju^t been completed ; it is an imposing and sub- 
 stantial stone structure worthy of more than passing notice. The vState Idiot Asylum is 
 also situated here. There has recently been made an appropriation of S250.000 for the 
 erection of a new City building, the plans for which have been submitted and adopted. 
 The city maintains a well equipped tire department, an efficient police service, board of 
 health, public works and three companies of State Militia ; the armory is well situated 
 in spacious grounds and is large and substantial. The county maintains five institutions, 
 the buildings of which are conveniently located, well arranged and commodious. 
 
IDIOT • A5-fLUM- 
 
 SOME PUBLIC-BUILDINGS 
 
Ill" city is located at the head of Onondaga Lake, and covers fully eight thous- 
 and five hundred acres. Situated in the heart of Xcw York State, it has been 
 correctly named the " Central City. - " Located on the great water and rail high- 
 ways between the east and west — by means of the canals — it has direct water 
 connection with the cities and towns on the great lakes, and fully enjoys the advantages 
 of a magnificent railway system, including the New York Central, the West Shore, the 
 Delaware, Lackawanna i\; Western, the Rome, Watertown it Ogdensburg, and the 
 Syracuse, Ontario t \; New York. The competition between these great highways insure 
 a low rate of transportation and the consequent cheapness of raw material necessary for 
 profitable manufacturing. The city retained a monopoly of the salt interests in this country 
 for a long period ; in fact, at one time it was about the only article of commerce produced 
 in the place. lis existence was known to the Indians at an early date, and in 1797 the 
 .State assumed control of Onondaga's vast and important salt springs, appointing a super- 
 intendent, having them surveyed and dividing the land into lots which were sold, reserving 
 a royalty on the salt water. This reservation embraced .Syracuse, Geddes and Salina, hav- 
 ing forty-three wells, varying in depth from two to four hundred feet, with a total pump- 
 ing capacity of over twenty-five hundred gallons per minute. But the operation of these 
 famous salt springs, though a vast and important industry, constitutes a comparatively 
 small factor in the commercial interests of the city, for at the present time there are over 
 five hundred industrial establishments, giving employment to at least twenty thousand per- 
 sons. The manufactured products of this city are used not only throughout the country 
 hut their exportation in successful competition with foreign goods is a considerable item. 
 
ANOTHErR'VlfcW 
 
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 AT 6£0D£S NEAR 5YBAC«b- 
 
As a manufacturing center it proves an advantageous and inviting field to capital in the 
 establishment of new industries. No city offers more available or convenient sites for the 
 location of great manufacturing plants, andinvestments already made here prove their con- 
 fidence by urging the introduction of oilier wealth in our industrial enterprises. In the 
 manufacture of agricultural implements, mowing machine parts and knives, plows, power 
 hammer-, carriages, cart-, wagons and sleighs, Syracuse is not sui'passed, while the steel 
 works, rolling mills, blast furnaces, tube, iron pipe, car wheel and sheet iron works con- 
 tribute to the city's prosperity. The cutlery, guns, hardware specialties, wagon and carriage 
 springs, patented buckles, saddlery hardware, and malleable iron goods manufactured 
 here are used throughout the country. The vasl -and beds of Oneida Lake furnish the 
 material for making the manufacture of window and plate glass a profitable and growing 
 industry. The building of steam engines, boilers, and the manufacture of stoves, fur- 
 naces, brick, tile, lime, cement, shoe-, clothing, etc., are prominent features, while the 
 products of her flour mills, canning factories, beer and ale breweries have achieved a wide 
 reputation for their excellence. Mention must be made of the various kinds of minerals 
 which abound in ion. and as marketable products add greatly to the commercial 
 
 wealth, inciting the establishment of numerous chemical work's; one of these, the Solvay 
 Process Co. being the largest of it- kind in this country, using thousands of tons of lime- 
 Ston tc, daily in the manufacture of bi-carbonate of soda and caustic. The gyp- 
 
 sum beds have been worked for a century, and the production is fully one hundred 
 thousand tons per annum. Onondaga limestone is noted for building purposes ; many of 
 the finest commercial structures and churches being erected with this durable material. 
 
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