I 
 
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 "Even the worm turns when trod upon, and thrice is he 
 armed that hath his quarrel just." 
 
 LYL-0PLNLR5 
 
 On The Causes And Inevitable 
 Results Of The World -War 
 
 A true and authentic history of 
 
 The Great Uprising Of The Germans 
 Against Friendly Nations 
 
 Bj^ Hermann Wettstein. 
 A patriotic German who would fight for his fatherland if 
 assailed, but who doesn't believe that "Germany is entitled to 
 the whole Earth with a fence around it." 
 
 AUTHOR OF THE "TELEO-MECHANICS OF NATURE, OR 
 THE SOURCE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE SUBCON- 
 SCIOUS MINDS;" PRO-SYCH-DYNAMIS"— THE 
 PRIMAL MIND- ENERGY, ETC. 
 
 'HEAR ALL SIDES— THEN DECIDE." 
 
 :opyright, 1916, by Hermann Wettstein, in the United States, 
 Canada and Great Britain. : ,. 
 
 PRICE: IScts., 4 for SOcts.— To dealers: 9 for $1.00; 20 for 
 $2.00. Postpaid to any address. Special rates on larger quan- 
 tities for dealers and propaganda sent on application with 
 stamp enclosed. 
 
 THE COSMOS PUBLISHING CO, 
 ' 1255 Twentieth Ave., San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 1331 Ninth Av e.,—Stt«set -Journal Bl d g :, San Francisco, 
 
 Cal. 
 
THE TELEO-MECHANICS OF NATURE 
 
 or 
 
 THE SOURCE, NATURE AND FUNCTIONS OF 
 THE SUBCONSCIOUS MINDS 
 
 A volume of Ten Parts and 96 chapters, being a reply to 
 Prof. Ernest Haekel's "Riddle of the Universe." 
 
 M. Alfred Binet's "The Psychic Life of the Micro-Organ- 
 isms." 
 
 Henry Drummond's "The Ascent of Man. 
 
 By Hermann Wettstein. 
 
 Discoverer of the now^ generally admitted and scientifically 
 demonstrated facts that the cells of plants and animals build up their 
 various organic structures by means of different degrees of intelligence 
 analogous to those by which man constructs his various works of art, 
 and that they are the long-sought potent factors of organic evolution 
 and hereditary transmission. 
 
 This theory (of which the author claims exclusive priority) is 
 fully elucidated in the above volume, and has received the unquali- 
 fied indorsements of every person who has given it careful and un- 
 prejudiced consideration. A few extracts from many unsolicited 
 testimonials follow: 
 
 Prof. Ernst Haeckel, greatest living biologist, writes: Your 
 masterly efforts in biological and psychological research will con- 
 tribute much towards dispelling the obscurity ~^and confusion still 
 prevailing in these momentous problems of science and philosophy." 
 
 Prof. Edgar L. Larkin, director of Lowe Observatory: 
 "The author's theory that the cells of plants and animals build up 
 their organic structure as consciously and intelligently as man con- 
 structs his works of art is based on a great mass of incontestible evi- 
 dence and will be difficult to refute." 
 
 Prof; Carlos Troyer, honorary member Calif. Academy of 
 Science, San Francisco: "The author appears to have exhausted 
 the fields of biological research from which to formulate a theory of 
 the origin and development of organic life. Lhave been unable to 
 discover a vulnerable point therein." 
 
 Thomas A. Edison: "There is no question in my mind that 
 -■ . the individual cells of plants and animals are not only intelligent, 
 ..-"but many of them possess great intelligence." 
 
 Editor "Health-Culture," New York: "Seldom has a sci- 
 entific work received such high praises from people in all walks of 
 life as Hermann Wettstein's volume: The Teleo-Mechanics of 
 Nature. See testimonials from eminent scientists, authors, physi- 
 cians, teachers and others on another page." 
 
 Mr. J. F. Rinn, Pres. Brooklyn N. Y. Philosophical Assoc. : 
 "I congratulate you on the very able and thorough manner in which 
 you have analyzed some of the profoundest problems of life. 
 
 Dr. D. A. Alberti, 2014 Fillmore St., San Francisco, Cal. : 
 "For years I groped my way through the maze of conflicting 
 
 (Concluded on inside of back cover) 
 Thfe object of all physiological processes is threefold. 
 presf}rv« the organism for its natural tenure of life. Seeomi, u 
 propagate the species, andlhird, (the most important objeet <jf aii- 
 •o doovert the low tortas of miad resident in matter into tiinit^r typea 
 of vt^^mious inteliigeace. All explained ia "The Te!--*- .^'^ -^i-'in; s 
 «f Nature, or, the Source, Nature and Functiou 
 
.Ws? 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 In complying with the request of a number of my German 
 friends to present to the public my views of the causes and probable 
 results of the terrible conflict now raging in Europe, I do so, first, 
 with the assurance that I am actuated by no other motives than to 
 see Right and Justice prevail, regardless of race or nationality, and 
 second, with the hope that by demonstrating the utter futility of 
 the attempt of land-locked Nations to subdue others with vastly 
 greater populations and unlimited resources, it may tend towards 
 bringing this suicidal and atrocious war to an early close. 
 
 In passing judgment upon the responsibility for this cataclysm 
 of blood, which may yet engulf many other Nations in its vortex, we 
 should hold all minor considerations subordinate to the rules dictated 
 by the laws of humanity and the Brotherhood of Man. 
 
 As a guarantee of good faith regarding nationality, would say 
 that I was born February 14, 1840, in Barmen-Elberfeld (the 
 "Pittsburg" of Germany), my parents emigrating to America in 
 I 847, locating in Milwaukee, Wis., where all the boys of our fam- 
 ily, excepting Carl Theodore, ex-President German Branch 
 Young Men's Christian Association, namely. Otto, Adolph, George 
 and "Yours truly," learnt the w^atchmaker's trade with Julius F. 
 Weber, of Berlin, who held the high position of Court-Jeweler to 
 His Majesty, the King of Prussia, a sane militarist, since he was not 
 demented with world-conquering notions and other fads. 
 
 Love for our mother-country is a virtue born of the God-given 
 instinct of self-preservation, and it is an essential accessory of race- 
 development, and so long as it remains within its legitimate bounds 
 it cannot be too highly extolled. It naturally aims to secure the 
 welfare of others of the same race or birth, and is, therefore, altru- 
 istic as well as egotistic in its tendency. 
 
 But when from sinister motives the rulers of any country de- 
 grade this noble instinct for personal or national aggrandizement, 
 regardless of how they trample upon the rights of others, then "woe 
 betide" the violators of the laws governing the relations of our 
 fellow-men of whatever nationality they may be. 
 
 Differently stated: Patriotism is a sentiment ennobling in its 
 influence upon our character, and must, therefore, be classed with 
 virtues of the highest order. But through the machinations of 
 unscrupulous demagogues this primarily lofty sentiment may become 
 so perverted as to render the victims utterly oblivious to all sense of 
 Right or Reason. 
 
 That sentiment which would encroach upon the rights and liber- 
 ties of other Nations without absolute certainty of success 
 
4 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 IS NOT PATRIOTISM— IT IS DEMENTIA. 
 
 The tragedies now being enacted on European and Asiatic 
 soil are exemplifications of the principles involved. With Reason 
 dethroned by the most stupendous fabrications ever conceived in 
 the morbid imaginations of men aspiring to outdo the feats of 
 Alexander and Napoleon, the flower of Germany's manhood is 
 being sacrificed upon the altar of unholy ambition. 
 
 Verily, "Whom the gods would destroy, they first make 
 mad." 
 
 What but madness is this attempt of the Prussian militarists 
 to raise their flag over all other Nations, and to substitute their 
 culture, their customs, and their language for those that are held as 
 sacred by other people? 
 
 But to the honor of those who blindly follow the behests of 
 these madmen be it said that if they knew the truth they would 
 sooner turn their guns upon themselves than to fire another shot at 
 those who never done them or their country any harm. 
 
 I have trembled for the fate of my fatherland ever since I 
 read the Kaiser's speech that gave him the name of "War-lord." 
 But for wiser heads he would have plunged his country into a de- 
 structive war long ere this. But when his Austrian ally saw a casus 
 belli in the Crown-Prince's assassination, he could no longer be 
 restrained. 
 
 During his whole career the Entente Powers avoided with 
 the most scrupulous care every act that had but the slightest resem- 
 blance of hostility towards Germany. Why should they invite the 
 Kaiser to hurl his terrible war machine against them? 
 
 But during all these years a vicious propaganda was carried 
 on to inflame the Germans' patriotism into "a war-lust," 
 ("Kriegs-Lust") — an artificially produced frenzy for killing imag- 
 inary foes, to the production of which frenzy the Krupp. man- 
 slaughter works contributed $200,000 per annum. That this ma- 
 lignant propaganda has accomplished its object is history. The 
 results are recorded on the bloody battlefields of Europe. Surely, 
 Nemesis will overtake the guilty ones. 
 
 For weeks I "burned the midnight oil" studying the "White," 
 "Red," "Blue" and other Books, containing the correspondence 
 of the Great Powers of Europe concerning the Austro-Serviaa 
 imbroglio, and was struck with the strenuous efforts of Sir Edward 
 Grey, who kept the wires hot day and night to induce them to hold 
 a conference at London for an amicable adjustment of a trouble 
 that threatened to involve them all in war. All consented except 
 Germany and Austria. 
 
 Now, Who Wanted This War, and Who Tried to Pre- 
 vent It? 
 
 (Read subject herein, entifded: f**Ten Reasons Why the 
 
 sntifded : 
 
 .MAY 18 1915 
 
 ;)C1,A432112 
 
EFFECTS OF THE WORLD- WAR 5 
 
 Triple Entente Remained Unprepared While Germany Was 
 Being Transformed Into a Monster War-Machine.) 
 
 The time when it was within the range of possibilities for one 
 great Nation to subdue all others passed with the advent of the 
 Christian era, and with it has developed a stronger love of liberty 
 and independence that foreign Nations dare not disregard with im- 
 punity, as the Prussian militarists will learn to their cost. 
 
 Their war-cry of "Germany Over All!" will sound the death- 
 knell not of those at whose liberties it was aimed, but of that 
 Spirit of Aggression which is a heritage of the Dark Ages and of 
 Feudalism which no sane mind can seriously entertain in these en- 
 lightened days. 
 
 All charges made by the Prussian militarists against the 
 Entente Powers are base fabrications designed to inflame the 
 patriotic ardor of the Germans into a war-frenzy, to prove which I 
 will give One Hundred Dollars for evidence of any hostile act or 
 utterance by either the British, French, Russian, Belgian or Servian 
 Governments against Germany or Austria prior to the latter's 
 threatened invasion of Servia on the pretext that the latter was impli- 
 cated m the assassmation of the Austrian Arch-duke. Until Ger- 
 many took up the sword to assist her ally's contemplated aggression 
 against Servia's integrity, the most friendly relations existed between 
 the Triple Entente, Belgium and Germany, proof positive that 
 the latter had no grievance against these Governments or their peo- 
 ple. Yet she suddenly, like the lightning from a clear sky (We ein 
 Blitz aus heiterem Himmel) launched her tremendous war-machine 
 against them. 
 
 ONE WORD ABOUT PREPAREDNESS. 
 
 If the Entente Powers had kept pace with the military prep- 
 arations of Germany, the Central Powers would not have dared to 
 attack Belgium and Servia, which were virtually under the Entente's 
 protection. Their unpreparedness is explained on other pages. 
 It placed them under a temporary disadvantage, of which the 
 Kaiser availed himself. The lesson is that: 
 
 PREPAREDNESS IS THE PRICE OF PEACE 
 
 — a dear price, perhaps, in a monetary sense, but a mere bagatelle 
 in view of the untold amount of suffering the demons of war carry 
 in their train. 
 
 With Nations, as well as with individuals, it is poor policy to 
 "lock the barn after the horse is stolen." While there are thieves 
 around lock it and "keep your powder dry" for emergencies. 
 When they are gone you can safely consign locks, guns and am- 
 munition to the junk-pile — with similar relics of our primitive civ- 
 ilization. 
 
6 EYiE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 The next generation may live to see universal disarmament, "a 
 consummation devoutly to be vs^ished." 
 
 But it must come simultaneously with all Nations. If all but 
 one were to disarm, it would place the whole world at the mercy 
 of that Nation. Until then: "Vigilance is the price of Liberty." 
 
 In submitting the within views to the kind consideration of 
 the public I do so with the firm conviction that Regenerated Ger- 
 many will come out of the fiery ordeal through which she is now 
 passing, purged of her aggressive militarism, but morally, politically 
 and industrially stronger than ever. It obviously, for State reasons, 
 is not to the interest of her present opponents to cripple her in these 
 respects. Germany will remain a great World-Power for all time 
 to come. 
 
 Also hoping that the reader will bear in mind the injunction 
 to: "Hear All Sides, Then Decide," I remain. 
 Yours sincerely, 
 
 HERMANN WETTSTEIN, 
 San Francisco, Gal., March, 1916. 
 
EYE-OPENERS 
 
 ON THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE 
 WORLD-WAR 
 
 By Hermann Wettstein. 
 A German who believes that Right and Justice towards other 
 Nations sliould be held superior to blind patriotism. 
 
 THE VISIONARY ASPIRATIONS OF THE PRUSSIAN 
 MILITARISTS. 
 
 It is inconceivable how in this enlightened age reflecting peo- 
 ple can seriously entertain the idea that any Nation can be powerful 
 enough to subdue and dictate its policies to all the other Nations on 
 Earth. Yet this is the implication carried in the Kaiser's war-cry: 
 "Germany Over All, " to the realization of which ambition he 
 and his Prussian war-chiefs have devoted their lives. 
 
 If for no other reason than that Nations will fight "to the 
 death" for their rights and liberties are the aspirations of the Central 
 Powers of Europe doorried to failure. If "Germanizing the World" 
 with fire and sword a la Belgium is a sample of their much vaunted 
 "German culture" (deutsche i'Cultur) then may Heaven preserve 
 us from it! 
 
 The example the Kaiser made of Belgium to coerce the world 
 mto submission, only made the assaulted Nations more determined 
 to resist their would-be oppressors. 
 
 True, the Kaiser has claimed that the sword was forced into 
 his hands, but he has so far failed to produce the facts and the evi- 
 dence upon which his allegation is based. 
 
 The total unpreparedness for war of those against whom 
 these charges were made, absolutely proves that they expected to 
 remain on the most friendly terms with Germany. 
 
 There were no "strained relations" prior to the war between 
 Germany on one side, and Belgium, England and France on the 
 other. Yet we all know that Germany suddenly leaped on them 
 like a tiger waiting for his unsuspecting prey. 
 
 All his charges against the allies are so many attempts to "pull 
 the wool over the eyes of the world," to blind people to his real 
 designs, and throw the responsibility for the war upon perfectly 
 innocent Nations — all fabrications that these were encroaching on 
 Germany's rights, to the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 FRAMED-UP CHARGES REFUTED 
 This is evident from the fact that all national rights are spe- 
 
8 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 cifically defined by international laws, and what law did England 
 violate in her relations with Germany? Absolutely none. If she 
 had violated any, Germany would certainly "have made the 
 most of it," by proclaiming the alleged outrage to the world. 
 
 But Germany claims that England was jealous of her pros- 
 perity. Supposing she was, does this give any prosperous Nation a 
 right to declare war on a (supposed) less prosperous one? When 
 how and where did England Exhibit Her Jealousy? Were its 
 dimensions the casus belli which "forced the sword into the Kaiser's 
 hand?" Poor Kaiser! Who would have thought that he could be 
 so easily frightened by a bugaboo? 
 
 But he had to find some excuse for jumping on England, and 
 probably thought that "a poor excuse is better than none at all." 
 
 If envy or jealousy were a casus belli, then would few indi- 
 viduals or Nations be at peace with each other. 
 
 (I intended to add that in my opinion Germany was more 
 jealous of England than England of Germany, but will refrain.) 
 
 FORESAW THE PRESENT CATASTROPHE. 
 
 When I read the Emperor's inaugural address before the 
 German Parliament, I fairly trembled at its tone. "War! war! 
 war!" was written above, below and between the lines. It was the 
 keynote to all his utterances. To make Germany the greatest 
 Nation on Earth (even at the expense of other Nations) was the 
 aim and object to which he intended to devote his entire life. That 
 was certainly a very patriotic speech. It gave him the name of "the 
 War-lord." It revealed a weak spot in his mental composition, 
 namely, that it never occurred to him that "Peace" was a far more 
 powerful and permanent factor in building up a Nation, than War. 
 That proposition would have been utterly incomprehensible to him 
 and made him inclined to doubt the sanity of any one suggesting it. 
 But for cooler heads holding his "war-lust" in check, he would havy 
 plunged Germany into a disastrous war long ere this. 
 
 But immediately after (and just before) the outbreak of the 
 war he "sang a different song." He had his misgivings about the 
 result, and wanted to placate his people, and get the sympathy of 
 the world. So he declared that he had always labored for Peace. 
 PATRIOTISM TURNED INTO CRIMINAL LUNACY. 
 
 But if he "always strove for peace," why did he devote his 
 whole life to make of Germany the greatest "war-machine" on 
 Earth? Why did he not confine himself to preparing his country 
 for defense against possible aggression, the same as all other great 
 Nations were doing? They all worked for the preservation of 
 peace in so doing, but His Imperial Majesty, Wilhelm II of Hohen- 
 zollern, worked for war because he wanted war. 
 
 In his case, Patriotism — a virtue if kept within reasonable 
 bounds — became a species of madness, a lunacy, which, by means 
 of the enormous war-material at his disposal, assumed a criminal 
 
EFFECTS OF THE WORLD-WAR 9 
 
 character of the worst type since it brought on the most terrible 
 conflict in the History of the world. 
 
 A milder type of patriotic lunacy was manifested by the Ger- 
 man Chancellor when a document containing a solemn pledge that 
 Germany would respect the neutrality of Belgium appeared to his 
 perverted mental vision as a "mere scrap of paper." 
 
 WHOSE HANDS ARE WIELDING THE SWORDS OF 
 
 OF AGGRESSION. AND WHOSE HANDS THE 
 
 SWORDS OF DEFENSE? 
 
 Now, who wanted this war? Those who had made prepa- 
 rations for it for nearly half a century, or those who in their fancied 
 security never expected to be forced to meet on the fields of battle 
 a foe of Germany's magnitude? Why should they expect it? 
 Could not all disputes that might arise between them be settled by 
 diplomacy or arbitration? Need France or England apprehend a 
 sudden onslaught from the great Central Powers of Europe with 
 Luxemburg, Belgium and Holland (as "buffer states") between 
 them, whose neutrality these three Great Powers had solemnly 
 pledged themselves to preserve and protect? Would any insinua- 
 tion that Germany's "highly cultured" (?!) statesmen might, from 
 "military necessity" set this pledge aside as a "mere scrap of paper" 
 not be resented with scorn and contempt? Then why burden the 
 French and British people with preparations for a conflict which the 
 sane statemanship of the Great Powers were sure to avert? 
 
 But alas! Who would have foreseen that one of these 
 Powers of Europe had become deficient in that sanity which char- 
 acterized the other signatories to said treaty, and that the very one 
 which lauded its culture as the highest in the world? Into whose 
 hands, then, were the swords of defense really forced? 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN PREPARED— MORE THAN A 
 MATCH FOR GERMANY PREPARED. 
 
 It was said of Alexander the Great that "he sighed for more 
 worlds to conquer." But what were the "worlds" he had con- 
 quered compared to those which Wilhelm the Great of Hohen- 
 zollern seeks to conquer? 
 
 As for the latter's insane ambition to raise the flag of his 
 country over those of all other Nations on Earth, it is safe to say 
 that Great Britain alone is more than a match for Germany alone. 
 Admitting that the latter's preparedness would naturally give her a 
 temporary advantage on account of the former's unpreparedness, 
 this inequality would be more than compensated by the enor- 
 mous superiority in population and resources over those of Germany. 
 Before the vast population of Great Britain would yield to the iron 
 rule of the Prussian war-lords, it would fight until its overwhelming 
 strength had driven them from their soil. 
 
 Russia, with its still greater population, also really never seri- 
 ously feared its bellicose western neighbor. Yet it was a wise 
 
10 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 forethought that these two Powers with France formed an Alliance 
 to be prepared for eventualities. 
 
 With their combined defensive preparations, they could 
 afford to wait and see if the statesmen of Germany and Austria were 
 insane enough to launch their "war-machines" against them. 
 
 REVIEW OF EVENTS PRECEDING THE WAR. 
 
 Both the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente were pri- 
 marily, before Wilhelm II ascended the throne of Prussia, formed 
 for mutual defense, and also to maintain the statu quo or "balance 
 of Power," of Europe, thus reducing the danger of aggression to a 
 minimum. 
 
 But a disturbing factor arose in the course of time in the form 
 of Emperor Wilhelm II's ambition for the Supremacy of Germany, 
 not only over the whole of Europe, but over all Nations, as ex- 
 pressed in his watchword: "Germany Over All!" Not satisfied 
 with Europe alone, he also cast longing glances at Asia, Africa and 
 America. The other tidbits would naturally gravitate under his 
 flag of their own volition. Turkey was already won over with the 
 "taffy" he lavishly distributed while on his pilgrimage to Jerusalem 
 some years ago. Bulgaria could readily be bought up. That left 
 only Servia in the way to the contemplated quick invasion of Asia 
 and Africa. How was that obstacle to the realization of his am- 
 bition to be overcome? 
 
 The opportunity presented itself in the assassination in 1913 
 of the Archduke Joseph Ferdinand, Crown Prince of Austria, by an 
 alleged Servian, though in reality a born Austrian. The motive was 
 one of revenge for the unjustifiable, seizure of Bosnia and Herzego- 
 vina, with a large Servian population, by Austria. These provinces 
 were also needed to afford the German Emperor a freer passage 
 through Southeastern Europe into Asia. So, in seizing them, 
 Austria merely acted as the cats-paw of Wilhelm II. 
 
 This unwarranted seizure came within an ace of embroiling 
 all the great Powers of Europe in war. 
 
 The assassination of the Crown Prince by a Servian subject 
 furnished a good pretext or excuse for launching Germany's war- 
 machine. Demands were made upon Servia which it was expected 
 she would never accept — so humiliating were they. But urged by 
 the Entente Powers, in which Italy joined,. Servia did accept them, 
 only requesting a little more time for two conditions of the ten or 
 twelve Austria had imposed upon her. But no tim.e was t6 be 
 granted. The utterly impossible was to be performed within forty- 
 eight hours, of which twelve had already passed when the ultimatum 
 reached Belgrade by a special messenger. War was declared by 
 Austria at the expiration of the few remaining hours. 
 
EFFECTS OF THE WORLD-WAR 11 
 
 FANCIED HIMSELF "MONARCH OF ALL HE SUR- 
 VEYED" WHILE LOOKING OVER THE MAPS 
 OF EUROPE, ASIA AND AFRICA. 
 
 These aggressive movements of Austria — unquestionably 
 "backed" by German}' — stirred the Russians (of the same Slavonic 
 race and closely affiliated with the Serbs) to fever-heat. In re- 
 sponse to their clamor to come to Servia's assistance, the Czar com- 
 menced to mobihze. Then the Kaiser peremptorily ordered him to 
 desist from these war-like movements. He fancied himself already 
 ■ — while looking over maps of Europe, Asia and Africa — "Mon- 
 arch of all he surveyed." So he told his future vassal that if he 
 didn't stop doing so and so he would "catch it in the neck" or solar 
 plexus, or words to that effect. Then his prospective vassal "got 
 on his ear' 'or war-horse, and they have been at it ever since, with 
 France, Great Britain and sundry other countries drawn into the 
 melee on the allies' side, after their most Herculean efforts to 
 avert it. 
 
 But the teutonic war-machines had been ready for a grand 
 test this long time, and it would not do to let them remain in 
 "innocuous desuetude" any longer, and such an opportunity might 
 never present itself again. 
 
 WHY ITALY WITHDREW FROM THE TRIPLE 
 ALLIANCE. 
 
 When Austria entered on a war of aggression against Servia, 
 this act automatically released Italy from her allegiance to the Triple 
 AlHance, since this was formed for purposes of mutual defense only 
 — no aggression being countenanced by the framers of these treaties, 
 the preservation of the peace of Europe being the prime motive of 
 their signatories. 
 
 Italy's withdrawal also served (in a measure) to re-establish 
 the eauipoise of the "balance of Power," which had been seriously 
 disturbed by the great preparations for war of the teutonic nations. 
 
 All honor to Italy for aligning herself on the side of Right, 
 Justice and Universal Liberty as against the threatening attitude 
 of these countries. 
 
 TEN REASONS WHY THE ENTENTE POWERS 
 VIEWED WITH SEEMING INDIFFERENCE THE 
 TRANSFORMATION OF GERMANY INTO A MON- 
 STROUS WAR-MACHINE. 
 
 First. There was no certainty that the enormous prepara- 
 tions for war Germany in particular had been making for years were 
 intended for aggression. 
 
 Second. In the possible event that the Germanic war-ma- 
 chine should ever be launched for that purpose, of what avail 
 would it be in view of the vastly greater population and resources 
 of the Entente Powers whose combined military strength could 
 more than hold its own against that of the Central Powers. 
 
12 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 Third. It was confidently expected that in case Germany 
 and Austria should start on a war of aggression, Italy would sever 
 her allegiance with them in view of their violation of the object 
 for which their alliance was formed. 
 
 Fourth. Great Britain's treaties with Japan and Portugal 
 for defensive purposes would offset any treaties the teutonic Nations 
 might make with other Nations for purposes of aggression. 
 
 Fifth. The naval forces of Great Britain, France and Rus- 
 sia could cut off all sources of supplies for the land-locked Central 
 Powers of Europe. 
 
 In addition to the above concrete reasons for refraining from 
 making preparations for war commensurate with those made by the 
 teutonic Powers were the following abstract ones: 
 
 Sixth. Reliance in the honor of the statesmen of Germany 
 and Austria that they would respect international laws. 
 
 Seventh. All disputes that might arise between the signatories 
 of treaties or their respective Governments could be easily adjusted 
 by diplomacy, or, that failing, by arbitration. 
 
 Eight. The neutrality of Luxemburg, Belgium and Holland 
 being jointly guaranteed by France and England on one side, and 
 by Prussia and Austria on the other, constituted them "buffer" 
 states, the obvious purpose of which guarantee was to keep these 
 great Powers at a respectful distance from each other so as to 
 reduce the liability for friction between them to a minimum. 
 
 (By the way, France placed so much confidence in the in- 
 tention of the Prussian statesmen to respect their pledges that she 
 left her Belgian frontier practically unprotected against invasion. 
 How the German Emperor took advantage of the confidence 
 placed in him by invading France from her unprotected Belgian 
 frontier, is history.) 
 
 Ninth. Admitting that in the event of hostilities between the 
 Triple Entente and Triple Alliance, the preparedness of the latter, 
 and unpreparedness of the former would result in reverses to the 
 Entente Powers until they could muster their full strength, the 
 indemnities provided for in such cases would compensate them in a 
 great measure for the losses sustained in consequence of their un- 
 preparedness. 
 
 Tenth. It is a well-known historical fact, based on the law 
 that "Right is Might" and bound to prevail, that all predatory 
 Nations who acquired their Greatness by conquest regardless of the 
 welfare of other Nations, came to an inglorious end, while those 
 who respected the rights of others, survived. The Entente Powers, 
 in the consciousness of harboring no inimical designs against the 
 Germanic allies, and fully aware of their strength and ability to 
 repel invasion if attempted, knew no reason for making prepa- 
 rations for war equal to those that were being made by the Central 
 Empires. Such preparations would entail an enormous increase in 
 
EFFECTS OF THE WORLD WAR 13 
 
 taxation, which might, after all, have turned out to be entirely 
 useless if wiser councils should prevail in the military circles of 
 Germany and Austria. 
 
 THE PRUSSIAN MILITARISTS' "STOP THIEF!" 
 CRIES. 
 
 To gain the sympathy of the world, and with it the "sinews 
 of war" with which to launch their "war-machine," all manner 
 of fabrications were invented in order to "pull the wool over the 
 eyes" of ignorant and credulous people. Great Britain in par- 
 ticular, as the most formidable of their prospective opponents, was 
 selected as the one upon whose devoted head the vials of their 
 wrath should be emptied as far as calumny could do it. 
 
 For instance, throughout their literary propaganda, to the 
 dissemination of which milhons m money were expended, (the 
 Krupp management contributing to this corruption-fund $200,000 
 per annum) phrases like "God punish England" are profusely 
 scattered for the obvious purpose of throwing the responsibility for 
 this brutal war upon other Nations. 
 
 But such catch-phrases and other clap-trap cannot deceive 
 those who have kept in touch with the course of events transpiring 
 between the now belligerent countries prior to the war, since there 
 is no case on record for which the wrath of God or of man can 
 justly be invoked upon either the Governments of the Triple En- 
 tente or of their people insofar as their relations with the Germanic 
 Powers are concerned. 
 
 ONE HUNDRED DOELARS FOR EVIDENCE OF HOS- 
 TILE ACTS OF TRIPLE ENTENTE AGAINST 
 CENTRAL POWERS PRIOR TO WAR 
 
 Barring the above act of violence by an Austrian against the 
 Austrian Government, and which could not possibly implicate that 
 of Servia, there is no vilid case on record of an unfriendly act of 
 the Entente allies against the Germanic Nations at any time before 
 these made actual preparations for invading the two countries which 
 were under the virtual protection of the Triple Entent, and the Self- 
 government of one of which Germany had guaranteed conjointly 
 with England and France. 
 
 To prove that the bitterness experienced by most of my fellow- 
 countrymen against the Triple Entente and their allies was en- 
 gendered by base fabrications concocted in the morbid imagina- 
 tions of German war-popagandists, I hereby offer $100.00 to any 
 one for his trouble in procuring evidence of a single hostile act of 
 said Nations against the Germanic Powers and their allies prior to 
 the outbreak of hostilities. 
 
 Any unfriendly act of one or more of the Entente allies against 
 Germany or Austria published in the leading journals of Europe 
 and America prior to the war, and that was not in response to 
 their threatening movements, will be accepted as evidence. 
 
14 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 TRIPLE ENTENTE TOO WISE TO "TACKLE OR 
 FOOL WITH" THE GERMAN WAR-MACHINE. 
 
 TO WHAT THE RISE AND FALL OF EM- 
 PIRES MAY BE TRACED. THE LESSON 
 GERMANY LEARNT TOO LATE 
 FOR HER SALVATION 
 
 The Entente Powers had altogether too much respect for 
 Germany's terrific war-machine to foolishly attempt anything that 
 might furnish its engineers a reasonable excuse for launching it 
 against them. In other words: they were only too glad to be "left 
 severely alone." There was nothing that could induce them to pick 
 a quarrel with Germany. They were perfectly satisfied with being 
 permitted to "mind their own business," and if Germany and 
 Austria had known enough to mind theirs, this terrible war would 
 not have occurred. 
 
 The rise and fall of Empires may, indeed, be traced to these 
 two facts: Their rise was due to strictly attending to their 
 own legitimate business, while their fall commenced with illegiti- 
 mately encroaching upon the business of other Nations. That 
 lesson Germany and Austria will learn too late for their salvation. 
 
 RESULT OF RECKONING WITHOUT A HOST OF 
 LIBERTY-LOVING BEINGS 
 
 When the Germanic Nations considered themselves strong 
 enough to enter upon a world-war with the avowed object of plac- 
 ing Germany's flag over those of all other countries by Austria 
 invading Servia to open the way to Asia and Africa, while the 
 German armies were to blazon their way through Belgium, France 
 and England into Russia, annexing them all "for the greater glory 
 of — the Kaiser — und Gott," they "reckoned without a host that 
 outnumbered them a hundred to one." 
 
 "Even the worms turn when trod upon," and the good, 
 round Billion of human "worms" now arrayed against the teutonic 
 Nations, constitute a host potentially able to overwhelm those that 
 would trod upon and crlish them. 
 
 Love of liberty is as strong within us as the instinct of self- 
 preservation. They are co-existent elements and co-essential prin- 
 ciples of organic life from the lowest types to the highest. Con- 
 sidering, then, how even the lowest forms of animal life will fight 
 for their liberties and turn upon those who would rob them of it, 
 how much more desperately will human beings turn upon those 
 who would despoil them of this the most precious of all their 
 possessions?! 
 
 A WAR OF EXTERMINATION WOULD ENSUE IN 
 THE END. 
 
 From the above viewpoints alone, it is apparent that the 
 Prussian war-lords aspirations of dominating the world is a vision- 
 ary one, for even supposing that they would succeed in winning 
 
EFFECTS OF THE WORLD-WAR 15 
 
 decisive victories over the armies now opposed to them, these 
 reverses would by no means result in the termination of the war. 
 On the contrary, the people, who would then see their liberties 
 seriously threatened, would rise "enmasse," and with irresistible 
 fury light the hated invaders until they are either driven from their 
 soil or exterminated. How could they maintain themselves against 
 the onslaughts of an infuriated populace attacking them in over- 
 whelmmg numbers? 
 
 To expect that powerful and well armed Nations like Great 
 Britain, Russia, France, Italy, Japan with their minor allies would 
 ever calmly submit to be dominated over by any other Nation is 
 not folly — rit is downright lunacy! It cannot be characterized 
 by any other term. No sane people would ever dream of making 
 the attempt. 
 
 GERMANS AND MEXICANS TURNED AGAINST 
 FRIENDLY NATIONS BY UNSCRUPULUS LEADERS 
 
 The Triple Entente did not believe that the Germans were 
 insane enough to attempt it. And that belief is certainly a very 
 good and complimentary excuse for their unpreparedness. Who 
 would have thought that the much-vaunted "German culture" 
 could spring such a surprise on them?! If that is culture, then 
 may Heaven save us from it! 
 
 But that is what false education, directed by men driven 
 insane by self-conceit, will do to an otherwise intelligent and highly 
 cultured, moral people. 
 
 Mexicans present a similar spectacle of patriotic ardor being 
 transformed by unscrupulous leaders into a war-frenzy against an 
 absolutely friendly Nation which is also bound to lead to a war 
 disastrous to them as an independent Nation. The integrity of 
 the Germanic States will, however, not be assailed by their present 
 opponents. These will permit them after the war to work out tl^^^ir 
 salvation along peaceful lines. It is to their mutual interest to do so. 
 
 The Mexicans are unable to govern themselves, hence a "Be- 
 nevolent Assimilation" is in order — the sooner the better for thejn. 
 With Germans no such necessity will exist after the incubus of 
 aggressive militarism has been removed. Both Germany and 
 Austria will probably re-organize themselves as Republics. The 
 tendency of the world, politically, • is towards the formation or 
 consolidation of all Nations into a "Universale Republique." 
 
 THE IDEAL GOVERNMENT OF PRUSSIAN MILI- 
 TARISTS. "WHEN THE DEVIL WAS SICK," ETC. 
 
 And would God be likely to heed the appeals of those who 
 blaspheme His Holy Name with inscriptions like this, cast on their 
 murderous 42-centimeter shells: "Fur Gott und Vaterland?" 
 
 Those who are familiar with the doctrines promulgated by 
 their writers are aware that their ideal form of Government is a 
 despotism enforced with powder and shot, of which Belgium has 
 
16 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 been set up as an initiatory example. "Manmus ja ein Exempel 
 statuiern." A fair warning to other neutral Nations of what is in 
 store for them if they do not peaceably submit to the iron rule of 
 the world-conquerors. 
 
 This avowed intention has been somewhat modified of late, 
 but it was openly promulgated in the literature of the Prussian 
 militarists prior to and immediately after the outbreak of the war. 
 For any subject of the Central Powers to express a doubt about 
 the feasibility of their insane ambition was looked upon as little 
 short of high treason. And it is yet, for that matter, although the 
 gag-rule has been somewhat relaxed. 
 
 The Kaiser's attitudes should remind neutral Nations of the 
 old legend: "When the devil was sick, the devil a saint would be. 
 When the devil was well, the divil of a saint was he." 
 
 As Bismark expressed it; "Unsere liebe Soldaten machen 
 sehr gutes Kannonen-f utter." ("Our dear soldiers make excellent 
 cannon-fodder.") That's about the size of the estimation in which 
 the German people are held by the Prussian war-lords. 
 
 Hence I say that when it dawns upon the armies of the 
 Germanic Empires by what iniquitous methods they have been 
 lured into the war, they would sooner turn their guns upon them- 
 selves than to fire another shot at those who never done them any 
 harm. 
 
 THE VAIN-GLORIOUS BOAaTINGS OF THESE 
 
 WOULD-BE WORLD CONQUERERS VIEWED 
 
 FROM MILITARY STANDPOINTS 
 
 Let us look at these unprecedented aspirations of the Prus- 
 sian war-lords from strictly military angles. Setting all other con- 
 siderations aside, let us see what would be the military conditions 
 prevailing in all the countries now opposed to the Germanic Pow- 
 ers, after these had succeeded in dispersing their opponents' armies, 
 from which the reader may draw his own conclusions as to 
 whether the Kaiser's Utopian dream of seeing Germany's flag wave 
 over the flags of all other Nations on Earth would be realized or not. 
 
 In the first place. History tells us that after every war between 
 Nations or factions, the vanquished carried on for an indefinite 
 period what is known as a Guerilla warfare, through which they 
 harassed the victors by every means within their power. That this 
 kind of warfare would be resorted to by the Entente Powers and 
 their allies in case the armies opposed to them should gain decisive 
 victories there cannot be a particle of reasonable doubt, in view of 
 the fact that the former have pledged themselves not to make 
 separate peace, but to fight until Prussian militarism is crushed 
 forever. 
 
 HOLLOW VICTORIES FOR THE PRUSSIAN WAR- 
 LORDS. 
 
 Now what would be the result? No proposals for peace be- 
 
EFFECTS OF THE WORLD-WAR 17 
 
 ing considered by either of the Governments of the Kaiser's adver- 
 saries, of vs^hat avail would it be to his armies if they entered 
 London, Paris, Petrograd, Rome, Tokio, and the capitals of their 
 mmor alhes? To disperse their armies w^ithout results would be so 
 many "hollow victories" over all of them. 
 
 ^X/hat next? A state of affairs would exist in the capitals 
 and all other cities of the Entente Powers occupied by the Kaiser's 
 forces which may be likened to a lot of creditors waiting for their 
 debtors to settle with them. But no debtors appear. They don't 
 acknowledge any debt for the reason that their creditor's claims are 
 based on fraud and extortion. 
 
 No settlements being in sight, the dispersed armies of Great 
 Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Japan, etc., reorganize in scattered 
 bodies to resist the demands of their enemies as best they may. For 
 awhile they v^^ill remain on the defensive, striking only when favor- 
 able opportunities offer. 
 
 Now two alternatives present themselves to the victorious 
 armies: They must either remain in a state of inactivity in the few 
 cities occupied by them, or they must divide their armies into groups 
 with which to occupy the conquered territories. The former means 
 stagnation and eventual starvation, while the latter course would be 
 immediately fatal for the following reasons: 
 
 To hold the conquered countries permanently would neces- 
 sitate 
 
 THE GARRISONING OF ALL THEIR CHIEF TOWNS 
 AND CITIES. 
 
 Now consider what this means for all the vast empires of the 
 Quadruple Entente and their allies, with a population of one Billion 
 or more. Where will the Central Powers and their allies obtain 
 the troops with which to adequately garrison the innumerable cities 
 of the subdued territories? 
 
 But even if they did garrison all of them, another difficulty 
 immediately presents itself which constitutes an obstacle absolutely 
 insurmountable to the realization of the Kaiser's dream. 
 
 It is expressed in the well-known military formula: 
 
 "IN UNION THERE IS STRENGTH." 
 Analyzed, it resolves itself into the two cardinal, yet entirely 
 
 different principles: 
 
 Concentration or consolidation is one of the most essential 
 
 conditions of success; while dispersion leads to inevitable defeat. 
 
 The palpable anomaly then presents itself that in the very 
 
 (assumed) act of the Kaiser's legions dispersing their enemies, 
 
 HE MUST DISPERSE HIS OWN FORCES! 
 Consider, then, what this means. The dispersed Entente 
 armies are in their own friendly lands, while those of the Kaiser 
 
18 EYE-OPENERS ON THE CAUSES AND 
 
 are in the lands of their mortal enemies — a comparative few in- 
 tensely hated — abhorred — invading usurpers surrounded on all 
 sides by numerically superior hordes w^ho now^ see their opportunity 
 to swoop down on the decimated ranks of those who are now en- 
 tirely at the mere)' of those who are burning with revenge for the 
 brutal destruction of all they loved and held sacred on Earth. 
 
 Is it not evident that the Kaiser's legions are in pursuit of an 
 ignis fatuus which will lead them to inevitable destruction if they 
 persist in their headlong career? 
 
 LESSONS DERIVED FROM THE WORLD- WAR. 
 
 These will crystalize into two alternatives — diametrically 
 opposed propositions, to- wit: the Nations of the Earth must either 
 prepare for self-defense, or they must agree on universal 
 disarmament. But the sentiment for the latter must be so strong in 
 all countries that no hesitating Nation will dare to disregard it. 
 
 But that era of enlightenment is still in the dim and distant 
 future. In the meantime the main lesson deduced from the present 
 cataclysm of bloodshed is that if the Entente Powers had kept pace 
 with the preparations for aggressive warfare they knew were being 
 made by the Central Powers they would never have been attacked. 
 
 Is it not a sad reflection on the intelligence of this age that 
 NATIONS MUST REMAIN ARMED TO REMAIN AT 
 PEACE WITH THE WORLD? 
 
 But if the inconceivable and the impossible should occur by 
 Prussian militarism gaining the mastery of the world, Evolution 
 would turn backwards a thousand years in her flight, and the 
 principle of "the survival of the fittest", would receive a blow from 
 which it would never entirely recover. 
 
 History affords us this consolation, however, that a "culture" 
 which has all the earmarks of mediaeval feudalism about it, has 
 never yet survived in the World's struggles for existence. 
 
(Continued from inside of front cover) 
 
 theories regarding the origin of organic life in search of truth. But 
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