E 21^ .N95 Copy ^ LETTERS OF NATHANIEL NOYES. 1774—1775- IN EXCHANG23 '.E.Hlst. Genl. 3oc. [Reprinted from the N. E. Historical and Genealogical Register for April, 1889.] PKES3 OF David Clapp & Son. LETTERS OF NATHANIEL NOYES TO WILLIAM HENSHAW, 1774-1775. Communicated by Miss Harriet E. Henshaat, of Leicester, Mass. AMONG the papers left by a friend long ago deceased, are portions of the correspondence of Nathaniel Noyes with this friend. The following letters and fragments of letters are all that have escaped total loss. They relate some important events then trans- piring, with a vehement and forcible style expressive of the prevailing fears, beliefs and purposes, and add their testimony to the great struggle then made for freedom from oppression. They seem designed for places, as journeying then was, remote from the scene of action and source of information, and were sent by some confi- dential friend, to be delivered in person, or placed in charge of one equally trusty. The writer, Nathaniel Noyes, was born at Boston Dec. 20, 1743. He was a Latin school boy of the class 1752, completing his course in seven years. Benjamin Dolbeare and John Jeffries, M.D., were of Noyes's class, both in the Latin school and at Harvard College, where he graduated 1763, where his father Belcher Noyes also graduated 1727, and his grandfather Oliver Noyes, 1695. The dis- tinguished Jedediah Huntington, 8. Salter Blowers and Timothy Pickering were also his college classmates. He was called " Doctor," and established an apothecary store, in what is now called Faneuil Square, where he resided, and which had been his father's residence. Mr. Noyes was among those whose testimony was taken concerning the Boston Massacre. His deposition is as follows : Nathaniel Noyes of lawful age, testifies and says that on last Sabbath evening, the 4th clay of March current, a little after dark, he saw five or six soldiers of the 14th and 19th Regiments, each of them with clubs, passing thro' Fore Street, and heard them say that "if they saw any of the inhabitants of this Town out in the streets after 9 o'clock, they swore by God, they would knock them down, be they who they will." Suffolk Ss. Mch 16, 1770. Nath^ Noyes. Belcher Noyes was one of the Justices before whom this Deposition was sworn. Having a liberal education, descended from educated, wealthy, and influential families, and allied by marriage to others of distinction in several respects, it is probable that he could maintain an important influence among his associates. At the time of w^riting these letters, he seems to have been closely employed in various offices necessary to the public good and safety, being one of the Committee of Ways and Means, Clerk of Inspection, &c. This correspondence must have ceased soon after the date of the last letter. Mr. Noyes's name appears, in 1782, as Clerk of the Continental Loan Office. In 1789 he was Secretary of the Massachusetts Charitable Association, and as such he signed a call for a meeting of said Society at the Bunch of Grapes Tavern, State Street, Dec. 7, 1789. He continued to occupy the same spot as a residence, until within a few years of his decease which occurred March 29, 1823. Mr. Noyes had three wives, but no children. The one addressed by this correspondence, William Henshaw, was also a Boston boy, born Sept. 20, 1735. At the South Gram- mar school, under Master John Lovell, he was pursuing a course preparatory for College, when his studies were interrupted by his father's removal to his estate, Leicester, Mass. But he diligently applied himself to books, and in the retirement of country life improved such opportunities as he had at home, at the same time gaining a knowledge of agriculture. At the age of 23, as 2d Lieut, he joined a Worcester Co. Regiment, commanded by Brigadier Timothy Ruggles, for the conquest of Canada. After one campaign, he was transferred to the British ti*oops under Gen. Amherst. He was afterwards for a few yeari engaged in mercantile life. Fre- quent visits to his native town, and communications with relatives and friends devoted in heart and purse to the patriot cause, kept him well acquainted with the principftl occurrences of the times. Some of these friends made his town their dwelling place or resort, when obliged to flee from Boston. They were in correspondence with leading spirits in distant parts, Jedediah Huntington, Samuel Adams and Joseph Warren. One of these temporary residents was Joshua Henshaw, jun., another classmate of Nathaniel Noyes, who could corroborate some of his statements. These advantages, added to natural abilities, made Mr. Henshaw influential in his community, and aided in moulding public opinion. He was often on the board of select-men, and presided over their meetings. At the time when the letters herewith given were penned, Mr. Hen- shaw, who had served as Town Clerk most laboriously and untir- ingly, had long been in communication wath William Cooper, was now an active member of the Committee of Correspondence for the county of Worcester, which first met at Worcester Aug. 9, 1774, when he was Clerk of the Convention, which continued by adjourn- ment till May 31, 1775. It is related by some historian that "In these meetings Mr. Henshaw took an important part in its proceedings." On the 21st Sept. the Convention advised to the "organizing and officering" seven regiments of troops in the county, and upon the motion of Mr. Henshaw, recommended that one-third of the men of the respective towns between 16 and 60 years of age, be enlisted, "to be ready to act at a minute's warning,^" and that each town in the county choose a sufficient number of men as a committee to support and supply those troops that shall move on any emergency. This loas the origin of that most ejficient organization Icnoicn as ^^ minute-men,''^ who evinced their claim to this title by the prompt- ness -with which they acted. A regiment of these " minute-men " was then organized in Worcester County, of which Mr. Henshaw was elected Colonel," and as such marched on the eventful 19th April to Cambridge, where he served in various capacities, one of them being as a member of the Council of War, acting in connection with the Committee of Safety in reconnoitring the heights about Cambridge and Charlestown, and as chairman of a sub-committee of Council of W^ar, signing a report of the same. In the following June he obtained a discharge from the army and returned home, but was soon commissioned by the Provincial Con- gress, Adj. General. After the arrival of Adj. General Gates, he continued as his assistant in that office until Jan. 1776, when Gen. Washington personally solicited his acceptance of the command of a regiment, offering him the choice of three. This he declined because, after consultation with officers of those regiments, he considered such arrangement injurious to the service, but consented to be a Lieut. Col. under Col. Little. In the sickness and absence of Col. Little, the command devolved upon him much of that following year. He was again offered the command of a regiment by Gen. Washington, and still again by the Continental Congress. But knowing the ranks were to be recruited, and that old officers were desirous of promotion, he declined; remaining, however, a month after the expiration of the term of service, and the eventful and decisive battle of Princeton. In March, 1777, he left head quarters and returned to his home and the more inviting pursuits of civil life, entering immediately upon a course of active labors in co-operation with Army service. Again he was with Committees of Correspondence, of Safety and Supplies. In those years he several times represented his town in the General Court. In company with a townsman of eminence, he was a Delegate to the Convention for framing a State Constitution, where, it is stated, "they held an honorable position, and took an important part in its proceedings, especially as members of its committees." This was a happy point in his history, as he saw so much of the world and wisdom of the State assembled for an object so great in importance and consequences. It was with a keen sense of enjoyment that he there met so many personal friends who had borne their share in the great conflict, some being in a 6 greater or less degree his kinsmen : John Atlams, of his own age, having so great a share in the formation of the Constitution, and destined to be President of all the States ; Increase Sumner and Samuel Henshaw from Alilton, who had rendered important service in the discovery of Gov. Hutchinson's letter book, &c., and who received the first appointment as Collector of Customs, Boston, after- wards Judge of Probate at Northampton. Col. Henshaw was commissioned as Justice of the Peace, by Gov. Hancock, and in due time, of the Quorum ; and by every succeeding Governor, the last being his companion-in-arms, and highly esteemed friend, Gov. John Brooks. As an acting Magistrate he performed much business in his county, and had various appointments under the national administration. Col. Henshaw was held in great esteem by the citizens of Leicester, where he died Feb. 20, 1820. Kind Sir, No. I. Boston July 13"^ 1774. Yours of the 9"^ Instant came safe to hand, & beg leave by the same Conveyance to acknowledge, the favourable Notice you are pleased to take of mine, & your readiness to maintain a Correspondence. The Resolves of your Town & Districts you were pleased to send me, are noble, & discover a firm, resolute, & determined spirit to oppose the Efforts of ministerial Tyranny — As I have an Opp^ of conversing with most of our good Patriots & the Committee of Correspondence, shall be able to communicate to you the most authentic intelligence which centers here from every part of the Apierican Continent. It is with pleasure I can acquaint you of the noble spirit & friendship of our good Brethren in Charlestown, 8° Carolina,* who have subscribed one thousand Barrells of Kice, 204 Barrells of which came yesterday in a Vessell from that place, consigned to the care of Jn° Hancock, John Rowe, & Sam' Adams, Esq'^ to be dis- tributed at the Discretion of the Overseers & the Committee of Ways & Means, for the Releif of the industrious poor. I would observe to you S"", that the 204 Barrells are the Donation ot twenty Gentlemen, who have order'd JSP Rowe to pay the freight, & draw on them, to prevent the Town being at any charge. The remainder will be sent as soon as their Crops are gather'd in. Our Committee have received Letters from Baltimore in Maryland who have had large County Meetings, and resolved to stop the Exportation of Tobacco to Great Britain. In Consequence of this, two Vessells partly freighted with this commodity, were immediately unloaded — They directly forwarded their Resolutions to Virginia, for their P^xample which, no doubt, will be followed with spirit & unanimity. Thus kind Providence has raised up the whole Continent, .as our Friends and Benefactors; & I can assure you, Sir, that We in this Town (a few mercenary Tools excepted), strengthened & encouraged. Friends in the Country, who, I trust, are too well aware of their low Cunning & Sophistry to be deceived into any mistaken Notions. The British Ministry have taken every Measure to divide & deceive, but the * See Register, vol. 30, p. 378. Blucle of the Hook is too visible to Any but weak, ignorant, & unsuspecting Minds, wlio perliaps may be decoyed by the Bait. Tlie Addressers and Protesters meet with a cool Reception in the Country, & especially at Norwich, in Connecticut, where one of them went, & being known as one of that wretched Group, was ordered immediately to leave the Town, or mount the Cart, which was prepared for him ; finding the Country too warm at this season, he came to Town last evening, & waited on his Excellency to inform of his treatment. By our last advices from London, we hear of the death of the King of France, & the Ministry's unwillingness to believe it, is strong evidence of the truth of it. This, 'tis thought, will inevitably produce a War. — This is all I have at present to write, you are at liberty to communicate this to your Committee, that they and the good people of the Town may know the hearty Disposition of our Brethren in the Colonies. Any letters to our Committee, you may direct to me & they shall be carefully delivered. I am. Sir, AVith all due Respects, Your Friend & Servant, Natii'^ Notes. P. S. I shall not publish anything without your permission. No. II. [The upper portion of this letter is missing.] force in their Bov/els, but Sir, we are not intimidated at the Noise of Troops. Our meeting will be adjourned from year to year, till our Grievances are redressed, & confldiiig in the promis'd Support & Assist- ance of our Provincial Brethren, we shall persevere with tlie usual spirit & firmness, "any Laws or Acts to the contrary notwithstanding." M' Justice Gridley (one of the Bastards born & christen'd in the expiring Administration of that infamous Traytor & perjur'd Hypocrite, Tlio'' H — h — n) has been exercising Iiis autiiority, on the complaint of a Soldier against M'' Plarris of this town. Baker, for encourag° him to desert. M"" Justice hearing the Soldier's plea, iminediately fin'd M"" Han-is £10 — & his Servants £5 sterling. Mr. Harris desir'd leave to bring in Evidence to acquit himself of the Charge — This Justice in a very insolent manner told him the King wanted no such lilvidence, & dismissed liini without hearing his Defence. — This is done with a View to breed Confusion it Disorder, & Wo be to those infernal AVretches if ever an Insurrection begins : We shall never be at peace, till [ ] of these worthless Canker Woi'ms are crush'd by the vengeance of a too long injur'd & insulted people. I have one thing to offer to your consideration which I liope will not pass unnoticed by the Country. There are those among the Addressers & Scotch Men who have been free to say, the Country people will not stand to their agreement, & only mean to deceive Boston, for they would buy Goods, had they any among them to sell, — & are employing a Number of Pedlars to go into the Country & sell for them. The Country People will treat them, I hope, with the utmost severity, & jiunish them according to the Laws of 8 the Land & the Times. Please to give notice of this to your Friends around you, & circulate it by advertising publickly, which will frustrate the Design. AVe liave now certain News of the death of the King of Franco, confirmed by Vessells from other parts, this will make a very material Alteration in the system of Politics. Agreeable to your Desire, have shown your Resolves enclosed in a for- mer letter, to M" Adams, who approves of them — but I cannot publish them, as they are not authenticated by the Town Clerk. This Defect may give our Enemies Occasion to question the truth of them ; as they do not regard Truth themselves, they are jealous of others. We had another Town Meeting last Tuesday, when a Committee of Seven were chose, to advise & consult on the best measures to be pursued respecting the other Acts, to prevent Confusion & disorder. They also appointed Three to draught a circular Letter to every Town & District in the Province, which is accord- ingly sent to you, with two other Towns enclosed, which must beg the favour of you to forward directly. To our Friends in the Country we look for Advice & Example, & hope they will be pleased to afford us all that support & Assistance can possibly give. I have nothing further to com- municate but my good Wishes for the Welfare & prosperity of the Province, & hope you will kindly excuse my being so lengthy at this time. I remain Your Friend & Servant Natu" Notes. No. HI. Sir— Boston Aus' 13"' 1774. Your favour of the 30''" ult° came duly to hand, & am pleased to find the Eesolution of your County to prevent the Execution of the two last Acts — The Town of Boston at this particular Crisis must greatly govern itself by the spirit & firmness of the Country. Our Enemies are advancing one step after another, till they drive to a state of Desperation which borders on madness, & which will finally involve them in our destruction. — We watch their motions, & use means to counteract them — As a Centinel in the Cause of Liberty, I think it my Duty to inform you & our good Friends in the Country that a Regiment, we hear, are ordered to march to Worcester, one half of which is to march to the County of Berkshire, to enforce the two Acts, — it is also confidently reported that some of the Jesuitical Tools in your County have wrote for Troops, having the Vanity to think that four hundred Men can drive a whole County. Our Committee of Correspondence, by a Vote of the Town, appointed five Delegates to represent this Town at a County Congress to be holden on Tuesday next, the result of which shall write you when it is known. I herewith send you a List of the new-fangled Council.* — Tho' Oliver, president Joshua Loring Foster Hutchinson Tho' Flucker John Erving, Juu"" James Boutineau Harrison Gray Joseph Lee William Pepperell Isaac Winslow - * For some notes on the Mandamus Councillors, see Register, vol. 28, p. 61. — Ed. Thomas Hutchinson Jn° Chandler Jon* Simpson Tim'' Paine Rich*^ Lechmere John Murray Isaac Royal Abijah Willard To consider. William Vassall Josiah Edson To consider. Rob' Hooper Daniel Leonard To consider. James Russell Nat. Ray Thomas To consider. Joseph Green Peter Oliver Sam' Danforth George Watson John Erving Sen"" Jere*" Powell Israel Williams W™ Brown Jn° Worthington And^ Oliver dead. Tim^ Woodbridge Tim^ Ruggles The above 10 are sworn Councillors & sworn Enemies to the Liberties of their Country, & ought to be treated as such. — This is all at present, from your Friend & Servant, Nath" Notes. P.S. Please to excuse bad Addressed — writing, being in great " To haste. M' W" Henshaw at Leicester." No. IV. Boston Aug' 30'^ 1774. Sir— The present alarming Situation of our public affairs constantly pro- ducing something new in the political System, it is the Duty & Interest of every Individual who regards the Welfare of his sinking Country, to communicate every important Event to his Friends in the remotest Corner of the Province. The Eyes of the whole Continent are placed upon this devoted Province, who are called upon to Stand foremost in the Struggle for American Liberty : the noble firmness & resolution of one County is an animating & encouraging Example for Opposition to the Other. Notwithstanding the artful threats & the dreadful marks of intimi- dation which our pitiful Enemies, the dying Faction, are continually using, in terroreni, altho' we are surrounded with Troops, animated by the spirit of our good Fellow Country men, we dare be bold in the Cause of Liberty, «& oppose the scepter'd Tyrants & licensed Robbers of State, with all their military myrmidons. This day the Superior Court met, when the recorded Traitor had the impudence to take his seat as Chief Justice, but to his great mortification, met with that scorn & Contempt he so justly deserves. The Grand Jurors & Petit Jurors with a Resolution & firmness becoming free born Americans, nobly refused to take the Oatlis ; being asked the reasons, they informed the Traitor that they had committed them to writing & were ready to read them to the Court by their permission — But guilt staring these sinful wretches in the face, they could not bear to hear the Truth, &, would not permit the Jurors to read their Reasons. — As the particulars will be in the paper, I will not trouble you with rehearsing. I only write this for the Satisfaction of our good Friends in the Country, who may be assured that We in Boston will not sacrifice our Rights & Privileges, but are determined to defend them at the expense of everything dear to us. 10 General Gage is reduced to a miserable dilemma — the Council is daily forsaking him — M'' Loring the drunken Commodore of Roxbury was waited on, by numbers of People, who gave him till Thursday night to consider of it, & if he did not resign, they would destroy his house. Danforth & Wins- low, Pepperell & Loring it is said, will resign. Poor Boston is become an Asylum for a Hiiggles, Murray, Edson, Ingersoll ^ Leonard, & all other exil'd Wretches who make this their pi-esent City of Refuge. We have no foreign News. We are all quiet, peaceable, & steady, but firm and deter- mined to maintain our Liberties to the last. — Having nothing further to communicate, but remain Your Humble Servant, Nath'^ Notes. 250 Soldiers are now taking the Powder out of the Powder House belong" to that Town & County. You are desired to send this news forward as fast as possible. Sept^ 1" 1774. Sir — Having finish'd my Letter, think it my Duty to inform you of some new Mano3Uvres that have taken place. Early this morning 240 Troops were convey'd by the boats from the Transports over Winnisimit Ferry to land at Mystic and from thence to march to Salem to join the Regiment. The Governor is determined to commit the Committee of Correspondence of that town to Gaol if they will not give Bonds for holding a Town Meeting without his leave — how this affair will end. Time will discover — Gage has sent Orders to the Sheriff of Middlesex County to take out all the Powder belong^ to said County & bring it to Boston. It is now on the Road. He & his infamous Couucill met Yesterday in Town, said Event is supposed to be the Result of their Advice. They have, it is this, sent the same Orders to every County Sheriff thro' the Province — I send you this advice that you may be in readiness & guard against it. How long must we bear these things from a corrupt & abandoned Power — We are informed that Gage said he was determined to protect the Court at Worcester, at the risque of every man in the Common. A Regiment, we hear, are preparing to march for that place. This in haste, from Your Humble Servant N. Notes. Please to keep my Name secret — you may communicate the Advice — I shall take the freedom to advise you of every Event. No. V. Boston March 22<^ 1775. Sir My deep Engagements in the public business of this town, as Clerk of the Committee of Inspection, must plead an apology for my not answer- ing you sooner. It gives me pleasure to find by the Resolutions of our Country Friends, the Garrisoned Traitors against the Liberties of this Country, have been dispers'd & brought to oi'der ; these are the People who may properly come under the Characters of Rebels & Seditious 11 Conspirators against the Peace & Order of Government, & as such I hope will be one day treated. This factious Junto have fled from the Resent- ment of their Countrymen into the Arms of Tyranny for Protection, & make Boston their present Asylum, & will be very conveniently exposed to the just Vengeance of their injured Countrymen, if ever they are provoked to take up Arms in defence of their Rights & Liberties. Notwithstanding the fair promises of an half-witted General, we are continually meeting with Insults & abuses of one kind or another, by stopping the Inhabitants of Town & Country, as they go in & out of Town, by threats against the Selectmen & Committee of Correspondence, & above all, in a late high handed offence of tarring & feathering an honest Countryman,* whom they seduced & decoyed into the Barracks, and have by this Deed, established the Act of Parliam' for tarring & feathering by Royal & military Authority. The Committees from Billerica & other towns, waited on the General last Wednesday, but he being jealous of the Design of their Errand, absconded, they pursued him till they found him at the Admiral's house, — he agreed to receive them the next day. They accordingly waited on him at the time appointed, & presented a Remonsti-ance to him, against the brutal Conduct of his Officers & Troops. All the Satisfaction they could obtain was, that ColP Nesbitt who headed this military mob had asked his Pardon, & given him satisfaction: they told him it was none to them, he told them he understood it was the Custom of the Country to tar & feather, they told him they understood he came to quell all Riots & Tumults of that kind. He said he would take care the like should not happen again. We have received very agreeable intelligence by the Packet, the Physic now begins to work at home, and if it does but restore them to a sound State of Body, & they have prudence enough to keep themselves so, they will have Reason to bless America for the Portion. — The Merchants at length begin to rouse themselves from their dull, sleepy state, more from principles of Interest, than any Regai'd to us. they have chosen Com- mittees to present Petitions to the King, and I hope he will [have] sense enough for once in seven years to read them, & attend to their importance. The AVest India & Bristol Merchants have joined them, the manufacturing Towns & Counties are all in motion for this purpose. Our Friends advise Us to keep firm & steady in the pursuit of our IMeasures, & we shall gain our points to our Wishes. We must not relax in the least, but prepare for the worst, lest the Ministry should take Us at some unguarded hour. — they intend to try a Plan to divide the Colonies, but they are too late in the day for this Attempt. I hope our good Friends in the Country will not suffer themselves to be led away by any flattery, but keep on in a steady pursuit of every Measure adopted for the Salvation of tlieir Country. I trust, S'', you will not be wanting in inculcating this Doctrine. The Tories are confounded at this News, & begin to say one to another. What shall We do? They endeavour to comfort one another in an unbelief of the Truth of the News. — General Gage's Underlings made a Seizure of 13 Boxes of Cartridges last Saturday, abused Several Country men going out of Town, Stopp'd their Carts, & Search'd them, cut them in a cruel manner, & are continually guilty of the most brutish & cowardly Actions. They threaten to assassinate Coll° Hancock & M"^ Adams. In short, this whole factious Junto seem disposed to [The rest is wanting.] * Thomas Ditson, Jr., of Billerica. Sec Hazen's History of Billerica, p. 234, and Essex Gazette, Salem, Mar. 14, 1775. — Editor. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 011698 478 7 •