*° 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,0 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 ' o „0° 
 
 C b 
 
 iP 
 
 
 ■°* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'V. 
 
 
 "i 
 
 V 
 
 r c 
 
.o v 
 
 
 V 
 
 <y . 
 
 
 
 *° 
 
 
 
 
 
 "o 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 ■*b 
 
 
 
 
 *° 
 
 
 ? V* 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • . 
 
 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 
 A 
 
 ^ v 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 a V 
 
 
 *°^ 
 
 ^5 °^ 
 
 
 <f> * ■> „ * ^ 
 
 .** . £ 
 
 4 O 
 
 
 (0 
 
 
 s * * * ' > 
 
 
 -: 
 
 
 
 ,> v o ' * °> 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A HISTORY 
 
 OF A FRAGMENT 
 OF 
 
 qH)? (Elan ffittttt 
 
 AND A GENEALOGY OF THE LINN 
 AND RELATED FAMILIES 
 
 By 
 DR. GEORGE WILDS LINN 
 
 Let shamrock, thistle, mistletoe combine 
 Recall the halcyon days of auld lang syne 
 
 1905 
 

 
 
 :» 
 
 LIBRARY of CONGRESS 
 Two Conl«s Received 
 
 JUN 12 1906 
 
 » Copyn*m Entry^^ 
 ci/ss Q,' x7c.*o. 
 
 
 Copyright, 1906, 
 By George Wilds Linn. 
 
Spbtratfb 
 
 MOST AFFECTIONATELY TO THE BUDS AND TWIGS OF 
 
 OUR BRANCH OF THE FAMILY TREE, WHOSE 
 
 ROOTS ARE OLDER THAN THE 
 
 CHRISTIAN ERA 
 
 MAY THEY NEVER BE BLASTED BY THE 
 
 CHILLING WINDS OF POVERTY, NOR ENERVATED BY THE 
 
 HOT-BEDS OF RICHES. 
 
PART I 
 
 HISTORICAL 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Introduction 9 
 
 Decease of Dr. Alexander Erwin Linn at Concord, 
 Franklin County, Pa. The name Linn disappears at the 
 place of original settlement after the lapse of one hundred 
 and sixteen years. The data on which the book rests. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 Nationality of the Linn Family 12 
 
 National traits. The Celts or original inhabitants of Great 
 Britain. Their characteristics. The Linns were Celts. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 The Name Linn 16 
 
 Signification of some of the given or baptismal names in 
 the family. Surnames. Derivation of the name Linn as 
 seen in the Greek, Celtic and Erse or Highland Scotch 
 languages. Signification of the name Linn in the writings 
 of Sir Walter Scott and the Scottish bard Campbell. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Ancestry and Migration to Ireland 21 
 
 Ecclesiastical wars in Ireland. Battle of the Boyne, 
 Lands in Ulster divided among the conquerors. The Linns, 
 Widneys and Erwins migrate to Ireland. Intermarriages 
 between these families. Their ancestry. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 Emigration 25 
 
 War for American Independence. Whigs and Tories. 
 Emigration of James Widney. Hugh Linn decides to 
 emigrate. Departure from Newry and Londonderry. America 
 then almost a terra incognita. Philadelphia in 1788. The 
 Emigrants travel over the old Lancaster road. The Buck 
 Tavern. Chester Valley. Valley Forge. Site of the Paoli 
 massacre. The Brandywine. Colonel Burd's mansion. Harris' 
 Ferry. Fort Loudon. They reach their destination. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 The Land of Their Adoption 
 
 Reverence the keynote of their religion. Originally Cal- 
 vimstic. Reasons for embracing Arminianism. Hugh Linn 
 establishes lay reading and preaching in his cabin, no church 
 being accessible Bishop Asbury preaches in Concord, 
 trials of the early itinerant. 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 The Dispersion of the Linns 
 
 u'M. resen T • Iocati ° n of the descendants of John Linn. Of 
 \\ illiarn Linn. Of Mary (linn) Loughridge. Of Hugh Linn, 
 
 ?t- I J??, es Lmn - ° f J ane ( Linn > Campbell. Of Nancy 
 (L.inn) Wallace. * 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 The Abandoned Site of the Old Homestead Visited 
 
 The spring still flows. Domesticated flowers still growing 
 Reflections 1 he village cemetery. An Elegy. The village 
 of Concord. Farewell stanzas. 
 
 PAGI 
 
 33 
 
 40 
 
 Jnh fu e Mountains of Pennsylvania. Path Valley so 
 called because of Indian Trail. Description of Path Valley. 
 Settlement of the valley by the Scotch Irish. vaiiey. 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 Pioneer Life 
 
 Our indebtedness to the pioneer. The pioneer cabin. 
 The fire place and tinder box. The "tallow dip." Method 
 ot raising first crops. Primitive grist mill or "Corn 
 
 ££ "• p i 3X - a Abs £ nce °. f PO^ omces. The "circuit 
 rider. Early roads. Domestic medicine. 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 Pioneer Life (Continued) c 
 
 Sports and recreations of pioneer life. Hunting and 
 fishing The shooting match. Musters. The Fourth of 
 July Gathering of fruits and nuts. Applebutter making. 
 Winter evening readings. The husking bee. The spelling 
 bee. The quilting bee. 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 Another Hearthstone Laid and Another Altar Erected. . 62 
 
 Hugh Linn selects a site and builds his cabin. Training 
 ot his children. A glimpse into the domestic circle. Family 
 worship. Influences of early religious training. 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 The Religion of the Linns 
 
 68 
 
 75 
 
 83 
 
CHAPTER I. 
 
 "There's a divinity that shapes our ends, 
 Rough-hew them how we will." — Shakespeare. 
 
 THE decease of Dr. Alexander Erwin Linn, aged 
 seventy-six years, followed by the removal of his 
 family from Concord, Franklin Co., Pennsylvania, in the 
 last year (1904), marks an important epoch in the his- 
 tory of the Linn family. For more than a century they 
 had been prominently identified with the life and interests 
 of that village which they helped to found years after 
 their settlement in America. By death and removal the 
 name has become extinct in that community, and hence- 
 forth may be known in the village annals only by the let- 
 ters cut in marble or granite in the little cemetery which 
 crowns the hilltop nearby, where a few ancient pine trees 
 stand, sentinel-like, guarding the last resting places of 
 the dead. 
 
 The swiftly fleeting current of events, the whirligig of 
 time, has dispersed us as completely as did the confusion 
 of tongues the builders of Babel's tower. A few on the 
 Atlantic seaboard still look out on the waters of the great 
 ferry which our forefathers crossed, as if they would go 
 over and worship at the shrine of their ancestors on 
 Scotia's bold and rocky coast, or perhaps cast a flower on 
 the stream of that mighty current which, for unnumbered 
 aeons, has kissed alternately the shores of our own loved 
 land and those where yet the thistle and shamrock hold 
 
10 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 sway, that it might bear to our kin on the other side a 
 message of love and remembrance. 
 
 The great majority, moved by a spirit of worthy enter- 
 prise, have crossed the Alleghenies into that wonderful 
 valley where the streams of the Ohio, Mississippi and 
 Missouri blend, destined soon to be the garden spot of the 
 earth and of the highest civilization of ancient or modern 
 time. Others have ascended the plateaus of the Conti- 
 nental Divide, and still others, inspired by the magic 
 verse, "Westward the star of Empire takes its way," are 
 already on the sands of the Pacific looking out on its 
 placid bosom, as if longing for another world to conquer. 
 True to the instincts of their Scotch Irish ancestry, and 
 filled with the restless activity and indomitable enterprise 
 of their forefathers, they have kept in the van of civiliza- 
 tion and form an important factor in the life of the com- 
 munities in which they now dwell. 
 
 Our branch of the Linn family came to this country in 
 the year 1788, so that for nearly a century the pair who 
 emigrated in middle life, father and mother, have been 
 resting from their labors. Only a few persons now liv- 
 ing, most of them already past the eightieth mile stone of 
 life's journey, can rehearse with any accuracy or detail 
 the story of their emigration and settlement in the New 
 World, .as it came from the lips of the second generation. 
 They alone can realize something of the hardships of a 
 pioneer life. 
 
 The data on which this book rests are to be found in a 
 series of notes made by the author more than forty years 
 ago as they were dictated to him bv his grandparents, 
 Hugh Linn 2d and his wife, Ann ( Widney) Linn, both 
 
INTRODUCTION. n 
 
 of them at that time eighty years of age. Ad- 
 ditional notes were also made as dictated by his great 
 aunt, Miss Jane Widney, about the same time. She was 
 a daughter of James Widney, who emigrated from Ire- 
 land and settled in Path Valley, Pa., in 1784. She had a 
 remarkably retentive memory and loved to relate the inci- 
 dents which had been transmitted to her by her father, as 
 they had been received by him from former generations. 
 
 The experiences, labors, sacrifices and adventures de- 
 tailed made a vivid and indellible impression on his mind, 
 but he did not then think that the task would devolve 
 upon him long afterward of reproducing some of those 
 incidents for posterity. 
 
 The following pages are especially intended for the 
 younger members of the clan, with the hope that their 
 perusal may inspire them to emulate the noble virtues and 
 sterling qualities which characterized their ancestors. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 JNaiumaltiy. 
 
 "Jlowe'er it be, it seems to me, 
 'Tis only noble to be good; 
 Kind words are more than coronets 
 And simple faith than Norman blood. "-Tennyson. 
 
 ^ HENCE came I? What am I? Whither am I go- 
 
 mg? are among the greatest questions which 
 
 have ever presented themselves to man for solution It 
 
 senle tht 6 * "^ ^ ^ * at °^ in a limi ^ 
 
 sense that we are now concerned. We are accustomed 
 
 to attribute to different nationalities various traits We 
 speak and perhaps with good reason, of the crafty Span- 
 iard, the volatile Frenchman, the phelgmatic German and 
 the conservative Englishman, but we cannot class our- 
 selves with any of these. We belong to a race which is 
 older than any of them. 
 
 Hundreds of years before the Christian era, when 
 Solomon was building the temple of Jerusalem, the mer- 
 chants of Tyre and Sidon who were furnishing him with 
 materials, were sending their ships through the Straits of 
 Gibraltar, afterward called by the Romans the Pillars of 
 
 Brita" S 'T^ ^T ^ "" "° W kn0wn as Great 
 Britain. There they traded for tin, furs, lead, etc., with 
 
 the strange inhabitants who were said to be enterprising 
 but nomadic and warlike, and living in rude dwelling!] 
 often fortified, in the midst of the forests 
 
 They were the vanguard of those great currents of 
 humanity, which from time immemorial had been sweep- 
 
NATIONALITY. 13 
 
 ing in successive waves across the Continent of Europe 
 from the elevated plateaus of Asia. They were the pio- 
 neers of thousands of years ago, who had reached the 
 Ultima Thule of the ancient geographer and could get 
 no further on account of the ocean. 
 
 When Julius Caesar set about conquering the world, 
 B. C. 55, he took an army into Britain, and in his his- 
 tory of the invasion, referring to the long habitation of 
 the islands, said, "Tradition maintains that the people 
 of the interior sprang from the soil." From this we may 
 infer that the early migrations into the islands took place 
 long before the memory of man. For more than four 
 hundred years the Roman legions persisted in their at- 
 tempts to subdue this bold people. Many were driven 
 into the mountains of Wales, some over the sea into Ire- 
 land, and others into the Highlands of Scotland, where 
 they were afterward known as Picts. 
 
 A wall was built by the Roman Emperor Hadrian, be- 
 tween the river Tyne and Solway Frith, called the "Picts 
 Wall," to secure the country south from their incursions, 
 for they persistently fought for their independence and 
 could not be dislodged from their mountain fastnesses. 
 Thus we see that the Picts were the descendants of the 
 original inhabitants of Britain who were called Celts, 
 and that the origin of the Celts is lost in remote antiquity. 
 
 Such a people, by virtue of their environment, their 
 contests with a rigorous climate, wild beasts and warlike 
 neighbors, were necessarily a hardy race. Inured to 
 toil and privation, unconquerable in spirit, defiant of un- 
 due restraint, they maintained their independence in 
 spite of every effort to subdue them by successive in- 
 
14 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 vaders. They were no silken sybarites enervated by liv- 
 ing in kings' houses. Of such were the valiant Wal- 
 lace, the intrepid Bruce, Murray and Douglas and a host 
 of less known warriors. It was the same fiery blood 
 which coursed through the veins of John Knox, inspired 
 the Covenanters with the zeal of the martyrs, and fired the 
 heart of Sir Walter Scott, in his literary race with dis- 
 ease and death, when Abbottsford was dearer to him 
 than life itself. 
 
 Intellectually alert, they early established seats of learn- 
 ing which rivaled those of more central and favored coun- 
 tries. Inheriting the reverence of their Druidical ances- 
 tors for a Supreme Being, they were a people of deep 
 religious feelings, and "The Cotter's Saturday Night," 
 the masterpiece of Burns, presents no fanciful picture, 
 but is true to the life. 
 
 The rigor of their northern climate drew closer the 
 bonds of family life, intensified the love of the hearth- 
 stone, cemented yet more strongly the ties of kinship, 
 and made them "clannish," in striking contrast to the 
 Latin races, and as the family is the unit of the nation 
 rather than the individual, their effectiveness in war was 
 correspondingly increased. 
 
 The Linns were genuine Celts and inherited a love for 
 nature, and nature in her wildest moods, — a love for 
 towering mountains, precipitous rocks, sombre woods, 
 leaping streams and deep valleys. The thunder echoing 
 from mountain peak to mountain peak, the fitful plash 
 of foaming, swirling cataract, the arrowy rush and sullen 
 roar of angry stream, impatient of its narrow bounds, 
 the querulous moan of giant tree swaying to the fierce 
 
NATIONALITY. 15 
 
 attack of relentless blast, are but as music to a soul cra- 
 dled for long centuries among Highland clouds and Low- 
 land mists. 
 
 Bold, energetic and self-reliant, they have ever pursued 
 their way undaunted and contented in the midst of 
 humanity's seething masses, assured that peace and con- 
 tentment are greater prizes in the tournament of life 
 than the baubles wealth and fashion, or social and politi- 
 cial preferment. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 Sty* Jfam* Ettttt. 
 
 The name doth often like the reputation grow, 
 Then let us in our daily lives but good acts know. 
 
 A LMOST all proper names may be considered as 
 having a definite origin. This is true of "given" 
 or Christian names as well as of surnames. This is not 
 the place, nor would the limits of such a little book as 
 this permit us, to give any extended account of the ori-in 
 of names For the benefit of the younger members'of 
 tne family, however, a digression may be permitted in 
 order to give the derivation and meaning of a few given 
 names found among us before we turn to the surname 
 or family name itself, in which all must be deeply inter- 
 ested. 
 
 The name Hugh, which for many generations has 
 been preserved in the Linn family, and which we hope 
 may ever be transmitted to posterity, is of Latin origin 
 bemg derived from the Latin word Hugo, which means 
 spirit. It has been handed down in various languages in 
 a very similar form, in the Italian Ugo, Spanish and Por- 
 tuguese Hugo, French Hughues, Danish and German 
 Hugh Its frequency in this latter form, Hugh, in the 
 British Isles is proof of the great influence and power 
 exercised by the Danes for centuries following their in- 
 cursions across the North Sea. The preservation of the 
 name and its employment in so many different languages 
 is an indication of its beauty and popularity. It is some- 
 
THE NAME LINN. 17 
 
 times used as a surname, as in Mac-hugh or McHugh, 
 Mac or Mc being the Scottish equivalent for son. 
 
 William is derived from the old High German lan- 
 guage and means a helmet or defence. In the modern 
 German it is found as Wilhelm and in French as Guil- 
 laume. Edward is Anglo-Saxon, meaning a guardian of 
 property. Charles is old German, signifying manly, noble 
 spirited. George is from the Greek language meaning 
 a landholder or husbandman. Alexander is of German 
 origin, meaning a defender of men. Richard and Walter 
 are old High German, the former signifying rich hearted, 
 the latter ruling the heart, Harold, Anglo-Saxon, a 
 champion. 
 
 Some names found among Linn families are of He- 
 brew origin, — James and Jacob signifying a supplanter, 
 Thomas, a twin, Benjamin, son of the right hand, John, 
 the gracious gift of God, Samuel, asked of God, David, 
 beloved. 
 
 Among the names of women are Margaret, a pearl, 
 from the Greek; Arabella, fair altar, from the Latin; 
 Amanda, Old German, to be loved ; Helen, Greek, signi- 
 fies light; Alice, Old German, a princess, as does also 
 Sarah. Clara is the Latin for bright. Esther and Hes- 
 ter are from the Persian, meaning a star. From the 
 Hebrew language we have taken Elizabeth, a worshiper 
 of God ; Martha, a ruler of the house ; Mary, meaning bit- 
 ter ; Anna, grace ; and Ruth, beauty. 
 
 Surnames, that is the family name proper, originally 
 designated occupation, estate, place of residence, or 
 some particular thing or event that related to the person, 
 and as illustrations may be mentioned Mason, Carpenter, 
 
18 
 
 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Baker, Weaver.-White, Black, Brown -Lon<r Sm,n 
 
 *:T'~w b X' ^ s '^-"-B- d L b x B s r r£ 
 
 fnTJ'T^ I ' ^° rth ' N ° rf0lk ( the Nor 'h people) Suf- 
 fjoh„ ( >"so S „ ) Uth Pe ° P,e) ' WUSOn (Wi »' S S °»> in- 
 The name Loughridge, Laughridge or Lochrid^ 
 prominent in our genealogical record* is derived rom 
 two words, the first from the Latin lacus, German 12 
 
 ■ng a° .ake'o 5 ;^? f " ,OUgH ' Irish *+• *» ™» 
 
 Greek Jl° r" "^ ^ the Second from «« 
 „ '•*'', German ™cken, Anglo-Saxon hrychsr 
 
 meanmg an elevation, so that the signification oftlfe 
 name „ an elevated lake. Such bodies of water are nu 
 merous m the Scottish Highlands. I„ Lough in La„rt" 
 hn, Lochl n, we have the m rf ,k„ • L augn- 
 
 with the word i;„ thewor <i above given, combined 
 
 with the word hn, concernmg which see below 
 
 thatoftjr? i,,l ! ( t t rati0n ° f the ° f ' ein of nam - « 
 olied I 2 ' denVCd ,. from the oM word *■*, and ap- 
 phed to those usmg a hammer. For this reason it is so 
 common, and according to the material on which per- 
 sons wrought we have Goldsmith, Silversmith, etc The 
 reason for the various methods of spelling the same 
 name ,s found in the fact that before the art of p in,™ 
 about ,450, and the making of dictionaries and'spS 
 books (less than two hundred years ago) there wa no 
 tmammity among writers as to'the moVco^ ZZ 
 
 n TT/ T Wer 3 giVe " S0 ™ d - In *ed very few 
 people could then write. Even kings and queens madl 
 a mark ,n signmg a document. Hence scribes in 
 vanous sections of the country varied in heir "pe in^ 
 of words and put them on paper in script accordL to 
 md,v,dual fancy. Thus we have Smith, Smyth, Smy* 
 
THE NAME LINN. 19 
 
 Shoemaker, Shumaker, Schumacher, etc. Even yet, 
 lexicographers, the makers of dictionaries, spell many 
 common words differently. 
 
 Many other examples might be given to illustrate the 
 origin of some of the Christian or baptismal names in use 
 among the Linn families, and of surnames in general, 
 but we must now turn to that which is of especial inter- 
 est to everyone who bears the generic name of LINN. 
 
 The name Linn is of Celtic origin (the Celts having 
 been, as we have seen, the original inhabitants or the 
 aborigines of the British Isles), and is older than the 
 Christian era. We may even trace it to the Greek word 
 rtyr) meaning a depression containing water and hav- 
 ing its counterpart in the Welsh glyn, Gaelic gleann, 
 Anglo-Saxon and English glen. In the gradual evolu- 
 tion of language the g in the word being dropped it was 
 transferred to the water lying in the depression, with a 
 change in the orthography, so that we have the Welsh 
 word Uyn, and the Gaelic linne. The Gaelic language 
 includes the Erse or Highland Scotch and the Irish lan- 
 guages. In the course of time the word was applied to a 
 placid lake-like body of water. Historians and philo- 
 logists tell us that the City of London derived its name 
 early in the Christian era from the word lin, a body of 
 quiet water, and dun, a fortified hill on its banks, and 
 hence means the fort by the lake, the words being united 
 and having a different spelling for reasons given above. 
 Still later the word was given to the pool of deep water 
 at the foot of a waterfall, afterward to the waterfall 
 itself, and finally to the wild, precipitous, cavernous 
 heights surrounding it. 
 
 Walter Scott in "Old Mortality" uses the word in both 
 
20 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 meanings. In Chapter XLII, near the end, we read, 
 "Anawsome place," answered the woman, "as ever liv- 
 ing creature took refuge in. They ca' it the Black Linn 
 of Lenklater." In Chapter XLIII, we read, "A girlish 
 treble voice asked him from without Tf he wad please 
 gang to the Linn,' " and further on, "And do you often 
 go this wild journey my little maid?" "When grannie 
 sends me wi milk and meal to the Linn." Later still 
 Scott says, "Although he had heard of the champions of 
 the Covenant who had long abidden beside Dot's Linn 
 on the wild heights of Polmoodie, and others who had 
 been concealed in the yet more terrible cavern called 
 Crichope Linn in the parish of Closeburn, yet his imagi- 
 nation had never exactly figured out the horrors of such 
 a residence." 
 
 The Scotch bard Campbell has a poem, entitled, "Cora 
 Linn, or the Falls of the Clyde," two stanzas of which 
 are as follows : 
 
 "Dear Linn! let loftier falling floods 
 
 Have prouder names than thine; 
 And king of all, enthroned in woods, 
 Let Niagara shine. 
 
 "More fury would but disenchant 
 
 Thy dream-inspiring din ; 
 Be thou the Scottish Muse's haunt, 
 Romantic Cora Linn!" 
 
 From what we have seen it is evident that the name 
 Linn was given many centuries ago to people who dwelt 
 in the vicinity of turbulent, tumultuous, foaming cata- 
 racts, with their accompaniments of precipitous craggy 
 mountains and gloomy caverns, so characteristic of the 
 wild Scottish Highlands. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 fHujratum to ilrelanb anfo Attreatnj. 
 
 "The rank is but the guinea's stamp, 
 
 The man's the gowd for a' that." 
 "The honest man tho' e'er sae poor 
 
 Is king o' men for a' that." — Burns. 
 
 EVERY hive must have a swarm if it be a healthy- 
 one, and in course of time the Linns looked about 
 for some place which might offer greater inducements 
 for comfort than the bleak and often barren heights of 
 Scotland. Farther north they could not go on account 
 of the stormy seas and frozen zone, and looking west 
 and south they saw but a short distance away the 
 "Emerald Isle." 
 
 Great changes had been taking place there. The long 
 and bitter struggle between the factions of Protestantism 
 and Catholicism had mainly subsided. The memorable 
 siege of Londonderry had been raised, the battle of the 
 Boyne had been fought, the forces of King James had 
 been driven to the south of Ireland, and he had fled to 
 France. Thousands of his adherents, fearing to remain 
 in the north, had also gone south, and the followers of 
 King William, the Prince of Orange, found themselves 
 in possession of the country. 
 
 Following his conquest, the new king, in accordance 
 with the custom of war in early days, had taken posses- 
 sion of the lands of his enemies and partitioned them 
 among his followers. Thousands of acres of the choicest 
 lands in Ulster thus changed hands. Army officers, 
 
 3 21 
 
22 
 
 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 who had followed him on the Continent and in Ireland 
 were granted large estates. 
 
 Then came a demand for new and more desirable 
 tenants and citizens. Protestants were naturally in 
 favor with a Protestant ownership, and now followed an 
 exodus of Scotch people to Ireland, not simply tillers of 
 the soil, but also artisans and tradesmen of every class 
 and Ulster became a centre into which flowed thousands 
 of sons of pure Scottish blood, making it a stronghold 
 of Protestantism which it has remained ever since. 
 
 Into this current of migration the Linns were drawn 
 and with the mass of their countrymen took up their 
 abode in the northeastern or Scottish side of Ulster Ire- 
 land's northern Province, in County Down, near Newry 
 I\ew friendships of a business and social nature were 
 acquired among the people of the neighborhood and ad- 
 jacent counties on the west, Armagh, Monaghan Fer- 
 managh and Tyrone (a distance from Newrv of but a 
 few miles). Settlers in a new location are quick to dis- 
 cover those who hail from their own fatherland for 
 among them they find their own national traits and' cus- 
 toms, a common language and religion, and like business 
 and political methods, not to speak of that feeling of 
 kinship which draws people of the same nationality to- ' 
 gether when in a strange land. Among the friendships 
 thus formed were those of two families, newcomers like 
 themselves, with whom their destinies were to be linked 
 for generations. One of these families was named Wid- 
 ney, the other Erwin. 
 
 The Widneys were descended from a Colonel Widney 
 an officer in the army of William the Prince of Orange 
 
MIGRATION. 23 
 
 of Holland. He accompanied the Prince to England in 
 the year 1688, and in the following year was with the 
 army under the Duke of Schomberg in the campaign 
 against King James II. He was at the battle of the 
 Boyne, July nth, 1690, and subsequently received from 
 the crown for his services a considerable estate in County 
 Tyrone, which was handed down to his descendants. 
 
 Colonel Widney's grandson James, whom we shall 
 call James Widney 1st, married Mary Wilson, of Bally- 
 bay,County Monaghan, about the year 1750, and had six 
 children who grew to maturity. James Widney 2d, 
 brother of Sarah (Widney) Linn, was the eldest and, 
 according to the law of primogeniture, inherited the an- 
 cestral estate. He was known as a country gentleman 
 or Squire, not having any taxes to pay except to the 
 crown. Being of an enterprising spirit he determined 
 to cast his fortune with the newly born country across 
 the sea, and when thirty-one years of age sold the ances- 
 tral property and with all his brothers and sisters, Sarah 
 excepted, emigrated to America. 
 
 They sailed from Londonderry on the U. S. Ship of 
 War "Congress" (Captain Knox), which had been fitted 
 for passenger traffic, and landed in Philadelphia Septem- 
 ber 17, 1784. James Widney bought six hundred acres 
 of land in Path Valley, Franklin (then Cumberland) 
 County, Pennsylvania, and lived there until his decease 
 in 1835, at the a & e °f eighty-two years. 
 
 The Erwins were descended from an ancient Scotch 
 family. Crinan Erwin was Secretary of State in Scot- 
 land and married the daughter of Malcolm II in 1004. 
 King Duncan I was his son. One of Crinan's heirs in- 
 
2 4 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 herited the estate of Bonshaw, which is an Earldom, and 
 the 25th Earl of Bonshaw is still an Erwin. King 
 Robert the Bruce, of Scotland, made William Erwin (a 
 son of the Earl of Bonshaw) his Secretary and Adjutant 
 in his wars and gave him the Barony of Drum, which is 
 still in the Erwin family. Their coat-of-arms was also 
 given them by King Robert the Bruce, and consists of 
 three holly leaves bound together in sets of three on the 
 shield. The first Erwin who went to Ireland from 
 Scotland, about the time of the battle of the Boyne, was 
 a lawyer named John Erwin. He built "Castle Erwin" 
 in County Fermanagh, adjoining County Tyrone, which 
 is still in the hands of his descendants. 
 
 James Widney 2d, great-grandson of Colonel Widney, 
 married in the year 1775, Ann Erwin, whose father was 
 a minister of the Established Church of En-land at 
 Aughnacloy, County Tyrone, and Hugh Linn married, 
 1777, Sarah Widney, a sister of James Widney. Thus 
 we see the blood of the Linns and Widneys mingled in 
 one family and that of the Widneys and Erwins in an- 
 other. Subsequently a son of Hugh Linn (Hu-h Linn 
 2d) married Ann Widney, a daughter of James Widney 
 2d and Ann (Erwin) Widney, she being his full cousin, 
 and in that branch of the family of which the writer is a 
 member is mingled the blood of the Linns, Widneys and 
 Erwins. 
 
A 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 iEmujraittftt. 
 
 "Westward the Star of Empire takes its way." 
 
 T this period the war for American independence 
 was being waged. Thousands of Scotch Irish 
 had come to America and settled in New York, New 
 Jersey and Pennsylvania, and many had penetrated the 
 wilds of the backwoods. They were a most potent 
 factor in the revolution, and probably no race of men 
 did more effective military service in those dark and 
 trying days. For hundreds of years the Scotch and 
 English had been inveterate foes. From the time of 
 the bloody battle of Bannockburn they had fed the fires 
 of hatred, and the child of the wild and fiery Celt had 
 learned at his mother's knee to lisp the vow of vengeance 
 against his traditional enemy. The children of the 
 Highlander had come to this new country to build homes 
 and rear their families, where religious persecution and 
 political enmity might be unknown. 
 
 "Him whom the gods would destroy they first make 
 mad," and the tyranny of the imbecile George III, blind 
 to his own interests and the welfare of England, fol- 
 lowed the Covenanter, the Puritan and the Huguenot 
 into their new and God-given heritage. When the hand 
 of despotism was raised against them in America the 
 latent fires of hatred burned afresh, the sluagh-ghairm 
 (the ancient slogan of the Highlands calling the people 
 together against a common enemy), echoed again and 
 
 25 
 
26 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 again through the fertile valleys as news of taxation 
 wuhout represe ntation spread through the settlme s 
 Each vl age and hamlet was a rallying point for the 
 fnends of constitutional liberty, and King George was so 
 often burned in effigy that children said he washing 
 ta. manof straw," and they came near expressing the 
 
 Citizens were divided into two great camps, the Whitrs 
 and t e Torie , The ^ were ^ ^P ^ W, g 
 
 more than a century i, had been applied in Scotland (and 
 
 ■1 h '" ^ g d) '° a " ° PP ° nentS ° l the usu T*ti°n 
 nnposed on the people by the King and his adherents. 
 The ter was firs( used as a der . s . ve 
 
 Scotch Covenanters, who, in their simple abstemious life 
 
 lal »'T > -r^ CaUed ln the ,M ^ °f *e High-' 
 
 to all who advocated popular rights or the liberty of the 
 
 cXV C ° ntrad ' Stin ? i0n t0 ^ P— -'he so- 
 called d,vme nght of kings." The Tories were so 
 
 named from the word ioir or toree, meaning a thief or 
 robber and was applied by the Whigs to ah who sym- 
 pathy w „h the King and roya, party i„ , heir °J£. 
 to rob the people of their inalienable rights of "life lib- 
 erty and the pursuit of happiness " 
 
 News of the great struggle for American independence 
 was wafted across the Atlantic month after month and 
 undred hearts in Erin's Isle looked longinglv toward 
 he new El Dorado. The desire to share in the f reTun' 
 ram meI d „ fe of the pioneer was ^ « ™ 
 
 ^T Wi , X r eameSt Were the conferences held by 
 the Wmneys, Lmns and Erwins concerning the wisdom 
 
EMIGRATION. 27 
 
 of leaving home and kindred to live where yet the war- 
 whoop of the savage was heard, and the smoke of cabins 
 burned by the hand of the red man was daily rising. 
 
 James Widney was a man of action, quick to think 
 as well as act, and he resolved to surrender the comforts 
 of an established home, and erect another hearthstone 
 among the wilds of America. In 1784 he arrived at the 
 site of the present village of Concord, and purchased six 
 hundred acres of land, including most of that on which 
 the village was subsequently built. 
 
 A white-winged messenger was soon on its way to 
 those he had left behind, describing the beauties and 
 advantages of the new home, and soon other souls were 
 stirred to follow in his footsteps. But time was neces- 
 sary to prepare for a journey which involved the break- 
 ing up of so many ties, business and social, and it was 
 not until four years later, 1788, that Hugh Linn started 
 on the long and tedious voyage across the ocean — a 
 voyage then necessitating as many weeks as days at 
 present. In arranging for this long journey it was de- 
 cided that the second child, William, a lad of eight years, 
 should be left in care of his aunt, Rebecca Lee. 
 
 We cannot enter into the details of his parting, but 
 who can realize the feelings of the man who is saying 
 good-bye to friends with a full knowledge of the fact that 
 he will never see them again ? The world was then a much 
 more formidable object than it is today. A voyage 
 across the Atlantic was the event of a lifetime. Steam- 
 ships, railroads, telegraphs and telephones were not then 
 dreamed of, and they have narrowed our planet down to 
 a comparatively small compass. With eyes dimmed by 
 
28 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 tears and hands trembling with emotion, farewell is said 
 and the lumbering car conveying them to Londonderry 
 seventy-five miles away, moves creaking and jolting over 
 the rough country roads. The church spires of Newry 
 Emyvale and Aughnacloy, one by one, disappear in the 
 distance, and the stone fences, and white thorn hedges 
 which line the highway, close in behind them, shut- 
 ting out forever the loved ones left behind. At last the 
 old city made immortal by its memorable siege, and 
 surrounded by its high and wide walls, looms up on the 
 horizon, its gates are entered, and soon the hero of our 
 story with wife and little ones, is seen climbing the 
 gangplank of the vessel which is to carry them three 
 thousand miles across the turbulent billows of the stormy 
 Atlantic. The loud, hoarse cries of the sailors are heard 
 m unison as the word to heave anchor is given, the cap- 
 stan groans to the force of brawny arms, the hawser 
 is thrown off, and the white wings of the sea-going bird 
 of commerce shake themselves out to catch the passing 
 breeze; a little longer and the rocky crown of Malin 
 Head is seen on the port bow, and then the Green Isle 
 disappears from view forever. Night settles down upon 
 them the bright stars above and the yawning ocean be- 
 neath surround them, while a prayer ascends for the 
 guidance of that Unseen Power in which they long since 
 learned to trust in every emergency of life 
 
 But their journey is by no means at an end when the 
 good ship touches the wharf at Philadelphia, then the 
 chief seaport of this country. One hundred and fifty 
 miles had yet to be traveled by wagon over the roughest 
 roads (some of them scarcely fit for any wheeled vehi- 
 
EMIGRATION. 29 
 
 cle), fording streams and threading forests until the goal 
 of their ambition should be reached. Hugh Linn had 
 companions on board ship, who, like himself, had come 
 across the trackless deep to make new homes for them- 
 selves, to hew out fortunes in the unknown wilds, to 
 live and to die in the strange land. Strange it truly was, 
 for it was almost unknown, a terra incognita, except the 
 Atlantic seaboard and some points on the Gulf of Mexico 
 and the Mississippi River. It was long after, that Lewis 
 and Clarke made their famous expedition to the Pacific 
 Ocean from the Mississippi River, which is just now 
 (1905) the occasion of a great exposition at Portland, 
 Oregon, and France and Spain still held in their grasp 
 the greater portion of our vast domain. 
 
 All were anxious to see the city laid out by William 
 Penn, the "City of Brotherly Love." It was but a small 
 place, containing only a few thousand inhabitants. 
 Business houses were mainly confined to Front and Dock 
 streets, a few being found on Market as far west as Sec- 
 ond. Private residences were confined chiefly to Arch, 
 Market and Walnut, between the Delaware River and 
 Sixth street. A house built west of Eighth street was 
 said to be "out in the country." The "State House," 
 then the Capitol of the United States, and now known as 
 Independence Hall, was of special interest. 
 
 Having in a few hours satisfied their curiosity in view- 
 ing the city which was already famous as the place where 
 the Declaration of Independence was written and signed, 
 and the Constitution of the United States drafted and 
 adopted, they busied themselves in procuring horses and 
 carts to convey them to their several destinations. Lad- 
 
30 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 mg their veh.cles with necessary provisions, their few 
 household goods and camping outfit, among which the 
 women and children had a place, they started westward 
 the men walkmg, and in a few minutes, passing ou 
 
 ifnfir of n £r had T^ ***** "«* «* *~ 
 hm,t of bu.ld.ng, for all beyond that was devoted to 
 
 farming, trucking and dairying. Crossing the Schuylkill 
 
 R.ver by a ferry, they entered the Lancaster or "Cones- 
 
 T5L f ° a ( .u he great highway leadin g w «* trough 
 Lancaster to the mountains and beyond, and over which 
 
 supphes for the backwoods regions were transported 
 
 Ten mdes out from Philadelphia they came to a'fa- 
 
 mous hostelry known as the "Buck Tavern," now the 
 
 rLf ™ wr ' and near which was th * ™™°" of 
 
 Charles Thompson, for many years Secretary of the 
 Con mental Congress. Ten miles farther west they 
 sk.rted the beautiful Chester Va.ley, into which they 
 could look from the Lancaster Road three hundred feel 
 above, one of the very beautiful valleys of Pennsylvania 
 tl ree mdes w.de and fifteen long, and on the north side 
 
 Fori Hi,, '" T T °J ° Ur "»««""* wa * "V.«? 
 forge H.U, where Washington and his band of patriots 
 
 were camped in the winter of .777-8. R ising , ike a cone 
 
 from the bottom of the valley it was a conspicuous ob?ec 
 
 for many mdes and has become a Mecca for the patriot 
 
 and hmonan, ,ts summit still crowned by the trenches 
 
 and fort erected by the army of the Revolution. A 
 
 httle further and they pass near the site of the Paoli 
 
 Massacre, and the mansion once occupied by General 
 
 Wayne k n o wn to his contemporaries as "Mad Anthony 
 
 Wayne, whose fidehty to Washington and patriotic zeal 
 
EMIGRATION. 3i 
 
 were such that a local legend gives him credit for saying, 
 that if Washington would plan the campaign he would 
 storm hell itself. Ten miles more and they cross the 
 waters of the Brandywine, on whose banks was fought 
 the battle of that name. Beyond Lancaster, near High- 
 spire, they pass the mansion of Colonel James Burd, who 
 during the Revolution had commanded the 4th Battalion 
 of Pennsylvania Riflemen. Little did Sarah (Widney) 
 Linn, wife of Hugh Linn, think that in after years the 
 daughter of Colonel Burd would become as the widow of 
 Benjamin Wilds, the wife of her brother, James Widney 
 to whose home they were going, and who was destined 
 to lose, eighteen years later, the companion of his early 
 married life. 
 
 Thus the days passed as they wended their way to 
 the Susquehanna at Harris' Ferry (now Harrisburg) and 
 down the Cumberland Valley to the southern entrance of 
 Path Valley at Fort Loudon. There they were but a 
 day's journey from the cabin of James Widney, who 
 looked long and anxiously for their arrival. His loca- 
 tion was well known to the settlers, and they pointed out 
 the way to it. He had selected as his future home a 
 point in the extreme northeastern end of the valley, and 
 from the "clearing" nearby could look out upon the 
 beautiful valley below for many miles. His cabin was 
 in a gentle depression called locally a "draft," through 
 which two small streams ran into the valley from the 
 mountain side. The "draft" extended upward toward 
 the mountain and was rich in sugar maple trees, highly 
 valued at that time as the source of supply of maple syrup 
 
32 
 
 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 and sugar, for other varieties of those articles could not 
 then be procured in the backwoods. 
 
 The evening sun was setting behind the Tuscarora 
 Mountain as Hugh Linn and his good wife reach d the 
 
 nej s home. A few moments more and the two families 
 
 he" ITe I" ' ng . eaCh < ?' her f ° r J °- V ' C ™^™ 
 their safe arrival, mingling with thanks to the Father of 
 
 aJ for a successful termination of their long and tan 
 
 a' tfmlTTve T*T T** ** ««d^2 
 
 hke v in V 'r 6 ,he fatted Calf Was ki,le d- ™°re 
 
 hkeh in th,s case a deer or brace of wild turkeys from 
 the surrounding forest =„rl H,-. i , ' ulKC > i Ir om 
 
 of thos<. IrftTS.- i* r ' d3VS ela P sed in ta| king 
 
 of those left behmd m Ireland. Who had died ? Who 
 had marned? Who were born? were questions asked 
 and answered, while a thousand matters of am , "and 
 
 The/hau hb ,°k h0 r d im r St "»** *- ^-^ 
 Jhl \ A ' J C ° rteZ - bUmed their shi P s ^hind them 
 
 they had crossed the Rubicon, they could not hope to go 
 
 backhand knew that henceforth their destinies must oe 
 linked with the land of their adoption. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 "There is a land of every land the pride, 
 Beloved of heaven o'er all the world beside; 
 Where brighter suns dispense serener light, 
 And milder moons imparadise the night. 
 O thou shalt find howe'er thy footsteps roam, 
 That land thy country, and that spot thy home! -Prentice. 
 
 BUT someone may ask what sort of locality is that to 
 which our ancestors came, for few of their de- 
 scendants have seen the place where their forefathers 
 lived, or can ever expect to visit it. A glance at the 
 map will show a series of mountain ranges extending 
 from central Pennsylvania to southern Virginia known 
 as the "Blue Mountains" on account of the beautiful deli- 
 cate blue haze which envelops them at certain seasons of 
 the year Their course is due southwest and northeast, 
 and they consist of ranges rising about 2,000 feet above 
 the sea level and a thousand feet above the intermediate 
 valleys, while they are as parallel to each other as though 
 laid out by a surveyor's instrument. 
 
 Their symmetry is one of their remarkable and beauti- 
 ful features. Instead of being formed of irregular 
 mountain masses fissured in various directions and lead- 
 ing by successive steps from one plateau to another, still 
 higher, thus permitting roadways to be built among them 
 in various directions, each range is distinctly longitu- 
 dinal, separate from the others, and rises sharply from 
 the adjacent valleys. The ascent is as steep and uniform 
 
 33 
 
34 
 
 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 ^t:zt e :v: ;-* p : ha i one stand ^ *« 
 
 down into the v 2 bo, ™ f°? ^"^ P ° sition '«* 
 They are fon^^T ££??? ? dther ^ 
 rock turned ede-ewk,. h S Smg,e strat "m of 
 
 ture in the di^Zt LdT^ COn ™ ,Sion ° f "*" 
 even for the hunter g ' PreCarious ^hold 
 
 of which are sonlZls ^.r,"* ™ St "^ 
 sides are so covered w th ? 3Ce ' and vet '"^r 
 
 Pine and otherlrt, " e ZEZf?*?* ^"^ 
 Men. Their tons an> Z , T, hw bare s P° ts are 
 at from the vauTy s tai'st ^ hi T^ tha '' '° 0ked 
 a-most as stra lg ht as fn'^row '" ** ^ *** ™ m 
 
 a~-rt=s;i:Vhe^r stask - 
 
 forth on the n,ou n tat s de s at a^h "*"**"* *»* a " d 
 reach the su mm it. when ley Z£?ZF*' """ ** 
 to the valley on the opposite sid A f T mamer 
 
 'he level oft "id^d^ar^^ *" " 
 The valleys ht * "" and exit of "»«* 
 
THE LAND OF THEIR ADOPTION. 35 
 
 are furnished with an abundance of fine timber. Many 
 have an excellent fertile limestone soil and are also sup- 
 plied with beautiful springs ; some of them of sufficient 
 capacity to furnish power for a mill. As the mountains 
 preserve an almost uniform height and contour, each val- 
 ley maintains an almost uniform width, though different 
 valleys vary in width from a division of no appreciable 
 size (simple clefts between the ranges) to several miles, 
 and many of them, because of their beauty, may well be 
 called veritable Vales of Cashmere. 
 
 It was to one of these valleys, known as "Path Valley," 
 well watered and well wooded, to which Hugh Linn 
 came in 1788, and if you would see it in its beauty, go 
 any time between May and November and stand on what 
 is known locally as "The Knob," a spur of the Tuscarora 
 range of mountains, a mile northeast of the present vil- 
 lage of Concord and a thousand feet above the Tuscarora 
 Creek, a stream seen like a silver thread far below. The 
 valley reminds one of a vast sunken garden. Stretching 
 like a great checker-board, as far as the eye can reach is 
 a succession of fields, some given to pasturage, some to 
 crops of wheat, corn and other cereals, while nestling in 
 nooks or perched on the hill sides are farm houses with 
 their barns and other outbuildings, the smoke from their 
 hundred chimneys curling toward the skies like incense 
 from some mighty amphitheatre of religious worship, in- 
 dicating the life and activity within. 
 
 The cultivated area extends upward on the mountain 
 sides to points where the declivity is too steep for man 
 or beast to work. Here the mountain forest begins and 
 the smooth but steep and verdant enclosures marking the 
 
36 
 
 fott tl^es. *" ^^^^^To; 
 
 derXt T^Ll C S C r ' S ha ' f "* ^ - ^r- 
 houses facin/rS £ i ^ H™ ** '' tS ** 
 highways from the northeast ^ 7 " ^"^ ' WO 
 'wo others on the southwes e x l di I *** d ' V " Se 
 of the valley. Two mode! h!ff S ** eM ' re Ien ^ h 
 
 houses of the vhWrs ? nSe amon & the quiet 
 
 lowers of John W X \T ?""? t0gether the fo '" 
 gathered in h"s ear 1 m ( " Se f °' d the Linns were 
 and the othe^LTS fTr t ^ * **»* 
 of Jolm Knox, who true to T 3r the disci P les 
 
 only Davids P^' Z i^nT^ U™' ** 
 profane instrument than the tin 1 , " "° more 
 
 Upon a hilltop near by and " *"?*?** '""ing fork. 
 fttle ene,osure P ^V™%£«£ f^ «• « 
 tery with its upright marhl. it? - , V '" ag:e cera «- 
 son of Coneord who f ™,n m tt ' t e "^ ° f ™ u * a 
 away lands to visit the V " me returns fr °™ far- 
 
 r y on .J: Ktsus'-**-- dro » a 
 
 Places of dear departed ones *" ' aSt restin S 
 
 gret L h n e dsT;e be hu r n sts S ZTT" '° "" "»-* *« 
 dearfy like a P > ~ ^ 1 na ToT" ^ m ° re 
 qnately deseribe its beautyf no J£ £** ™ "*" 
 charm. It i s like a ,„„ . . P nc " fi tly portray its 
 
 and two in with s« n Pamtmg> . tWenty miks 'n 4th 
 alternating h» I and 1,1 m ° Unta ' n fra ™ eS ' or with Its 
 
 — i »: "L^w^ f , orest e ~ 
 
 «-* *- early spring iT^ £ » 
 
THE LAND OF THEIR ADOPTION. 37 
 
 of emerald green reaches from creek to mountain crest, 
 while in October the mountains are a mass of golden 
 flame, and the valley is dotted with wooded patches rich 
 in a thousand gorgeous hues, and arched by a sky which 
 rivals that of Italy in cerulean tints. Pink and red and 
 scarlet — brown and saffron and yellow — revel in all their 
 native luxuriance, interspersed by the light and deep 
 shades of many varieties of mountain evergreens, which, 
 as if in envy of their more gorgeously attired sisters, 
 court the favor of the gentle zephyr by lading the atmos- 
 phere with fragrant terebinthine odors and exhilarating 
 health-giving perfumes. 
 
 It is one of the places where nature surpasses her ever- 
 beautiful handiwork and points us with no uncertain 
 finger up to nature's God. Let it not be supposed that the 
 beauties of Path Valley are willingly or wittingly exag- 
 gerated because of the charm of early association. The 
 White Mountains, the Alleghenies, the Continental Di- 
 vide, the Sierras of California, the world-famed Yo- 
 semite, the glacier-covered Alps of Switzerland and the 
 Tyrol, each and all have their fascination for the human 
 soul which is open to behold the sublime, the awe inspir- 
 ing, the magnificent, the rugged grandeur, the pictur- 
 esque beauty of nature in her noblest forms, and one 
 should not abate one tittle from the praise bestowed on 
 them by the traveler ; but for bucolic simplicity, rustic 
 beauty, delicacy of outline, simple picturesqueness and 
 perfection of detail, Path Valley as seen from the point 
 named is not surpassed by anything we have seen. 
 
 The quality of the masterpieces of the great artists is 
 not measured by their size nor by a wealth of coloring no 
 
38 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 matter how harmonious, nor by violent contrasts, but by 
 a subtle indefinable charm which pervades the whole, an 
 ensemble which defies description but fills the soul with 
 a sense of harmony and perfection until the beholder, 
 overcome by their beauty, stands in silence and reverence 
 before them. And if this can be said of paintings, the 
 work of human hands, with how much greater force 
 must it be said of the works of Deity. But the observer 
 must have in his soul a true conception of the beautiful 
 or it cannot be realized. The mirror which is not well 
 quicksilvered will give no true reflection, and the bell 
 which has not in it the proper components of metal will 
 give no music. 
 
 The highest point in the valley, (and the ascent from 
 either end is scarcely noticeable), is four miles from the 
 Knob, and this is worthy of note because it is the water- 
 shed between the Potomac, fifty miles south, and the 
 "Blue Juniata," thirty miles to the northwest. Two 
 streams there find their sources, one called the West 
 Conococheague, and the other the Tuscarora, both Indian 
 names, the latter that of a once famous tribe of Indians 
 who have here as elsewhere bequeathed to us forever 
 their names in mountain, stream and valley. Logan, 
 the celebrated Mingo chief, once lived almost within view 
 of the summit of the Knob. 
 
 The valley was called "Path Valley," tradition says, be- 
 cause an Indian trail, called the "Tuscarora Path," ex- 
 tended through it, connecting the Potomac and Juniata 
 rivers. The race of the red man is run, but so long as 
 the mountains here stand and the streams flow, he will be 
 remembered by the names he gave them. As children 
 we heard with rapt attention the stories of their unequal 
 
THE LAND OF THEIR ADOPTION. 39 
 
 contest with the white man and pitied while we feared 
 them. The names of such places in the adjoining moun- 
 tains as Fort Littleton, Fort Loudon, Burnt Cabins, and 
 Bloody Run indicate the terrors of the Indian wars. 
 
 There are but two entrances into Path Valley from 
 the outside world without crossing the mountains, one 
 from the north through a narrow defile called "The 
 Narrows," a break in the Tuscarora Mountain chain so 
 narrow that there is scarcely room for a wagon-road be- 
 side the Tuscarora creek which passes out at this point. 
 The mountains on each side of this pass are so precipit- 
 ous that few persons ever dare to scale them. The val- 
 ley is entered from the south by a wider pass through 
 which flows the West Conococheague on its way to the 
 Potomac. Between these two passes, a distance of 
 twenty miles, there is no break in the mountain chains 
 enclosing the valley. Railroads have penetrated the 
 country north and south to each entrance, but the smoke 
 and grime of locomotive engines have not yet defiled its 
 pure atmosphere while they scream and bluster outside 
 as though enraged at the ban put upon them by nature. 
 
 Such was the valley to which James Widney came in 
 1784 to be followed four years later by his brother-in-law 
 Hugh Linn, and which has drawn to it from the earliest 
 days when it was known to civilized man, a race of al- 
 most pure Scotch Irish blood. The bare recital of their 
 names is a warrant for their ancestry. Among them are 
 Wallace, Campbell, Loughridge, Maclay, Erwin, Murray, 
 McKenzie, McLaughlin, McKim, McElhenny, McMullin, 
 Crawford, Maxwell, Robertson, McClure, Ferguson, in 
 and about Concord, while in the valley below are many 
 more such names characteristic of their origin. 
 
CHAPTER VII. 
 
 "And this our life exempt from public haunt, 
 Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, 
 Sermons in stones, and good in everything." — Shakespeare. 
 
 ^HE domestic life and customs of our pioneer an- 
 ■*■ cestors deserve some notice, if we, and especially 
 the younger members of our families, would properly ap- 
 preciate their struggles and hardships. They were heroes 
 in the highest sense of the word, and their deeds of valor 
 and suffering deserve no slight meed of praise. Men and 
 women who left homes of comfort and often of luxury 
 along the Atlantic seaboard or on foreign shores and 
 penetrated the wilds of the Blue Mountains and the Al- 
 leghenies in the 18th century, or the valleys of the Ohio 
 and Mississippi rivers in the early part of the last cen- 
 tury, placed their posterity and our country at large under 
 an obligation which we cannot repay. It was they more 
 than any one else who laid securely the foundations of 
 our great republic. They opened up highways through 
 the forests, explored the rivers and lakes, crossed the 
 trackless prairies and made known to the world behind 
 them the immense riches of our country. 
 
 Let us first glance at the home of the pioneer, the 
 centre of domestic life, the scene of family activity from 
 which have sprung many of the greatest minds of our 
 country. It was in nearly all cases a simple cabin about 
 twenty feet square and one story high. There were three 
 classes of cabins, the first built of round logs and known 
 
 40 
 
PIONEER LIFE. 41 
 
 simply as the "log cabin." The second class consisted 
 of cabins built of logs chipped on two sides, the chipped 
 sides being laid together, and known as the "chipped log 
 cabin," while the third class consisted of logs hewn 
 square, and called the "hewn log cabin." In the simple 
 log cabin built only of round logs, great spaces were nec- 
 essarily left between the logs which were filled in with 
 small pieces of wood known as "chinking' and plastered 
 over with clay to keep out the rain and cold. Nearly all 
 cabins in the backwoods and early settlements were of 
 this kind. 
 
 The typical log cabin consisted of three rooms. One 
 with its big outside chimney was a combined kitchen, 
 dining and living room, having one door leading outside 
 and a small window opposite the door. This room oc- 
 cupied one-half the floor space, being about ten by twenty 
 feet in size. A partition separated it from two sleeping 
 rooms which occupied the other half of the floor space. 
 The sleeping rooms had no exit except into the kitchen, 
 but each had a small window about eighteen inches 
 square closed by a solid shutter in the absence of glass. 
 One bed room was occupied by the parents and by the 
 small children who slept in a "trundle" bed, which, when 
 not in use was trundled under the high and larger bed of 
 the parents. The other bedroom was given to the girls 
 of the family and to the occasional guest. The boys 
 slept in the loft to which they climbed by a ladder or by 
 means of pegs driven into the logs one above the other. 
 
 The floor was made of split logs called "puncheons" 
 laid with the flat side up, while thinner pieces were used 
 for partitions and roof, unless the settler was fortunate 
 
42 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 enough to be within reach of a primitive saw mill where 
 planks or rough boards could be procured. 
 
 The door had a wooden latch on the inside to which a 
 leather thong or cord was attached and passed through a 
 hole in the door to the outside. This thong was drawn 
 in at night, especially in case of danger, as there was no 
 lock. The latch string left out (particularly at night) 
 indicated good will toward the comer, and hence the ex- 
 pression still sometimes used in the invitation of friends, 
 "The latch string is always out." A story is told of a 
 very pious backwoodsman who purposely left his latch 
 string out at night when a band of warlike Indians was 
 threatening the settlements. Commending himself and 
 family to God's protection he retired as usual. Not long 
 after, footsteps and whisperings were heard outside the 
 cabin, the latch was lifted, the door opened and several 
 Indians stealthily entered. One, evidently a leader or 
 chief, said to his companions, "We must go away, these 
 are good people and our friends or the latch string would 
 not be out." They went out, quietly closing the door 
 behind them, but the smoking ruins of other cabins in the 
 same neighborhood the next morning, proved the hatred 
 of the midnight visitors for their white enemies. 
 
 The cabin fire place was six or even eight feet wide and 
 three or four feet deep, and laid with flag stones when 
 they could be had. In this was the back-log, a foot or 
 more in diameter, the chief purpose of it being to retain 
 the fire, while smaller pieces of wood placed in front of 
 it served for heating the room and for cooking, as stoves 
 were not then known. 
 
 The cabin door always stood open, except at night and 
 
PIONEER LIFE. 43 
 
 in cold weather, in order to furnish light, as the small 
 window was often insufficient for that purpose and with- 
 out glass, which in those days was a rare and expensive 
 article. 
 
 Matches are now found in every dwelling, however 
 humble. At the time we speak of they had not been in- 
 vented. By the big fire place, in a crevice between the 
 stones, always left for that purpose, was a "tinder box" 
 containing flint, a piece of steel and some punk or tow. 
 By striking the steel on the flint sparks were produced, 
 and these, being caught on the punk or tow, gave a 
 smoldering fire which by dint of blowing was enlarged 
 and then brought in contact with scrapings or fine shav- 
 ings of wood until a blaze was started. 
 
 The fire in the back-log mentioned above was kept 
 alive day and night, so as to obviate the necessity of so 
 much labor as was involved in making a fresh one daily. 
 Light was obtained at night for reading or sewing from 
 the blazing pine knots kept at hand for that purpose. As 
 the pioneer had few books and often little time for read- 
 ing, except in winter, the absence of a good light was 
 not so much felt. Later the tallow candle or so-called 
 "tallow dip," made without molds by dipping candle 
 wick many times into melted tallow and allowing the ad- 
 hering tallow to solidify, was used, but that was a luxury, 
 and school boys all read of Abraham Lincoln studying, 
 while a boy and young man, by the light from the fire 
 place. 
 
 So soon as the cabin was completed came the task of 
 preparing the ground for a crop of potatoes, Indian corn 
 and possibly some rye, which constituted the first cereals. 
 
44 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Agriculture was followed in the most primitive manner, 
 because of the lack of the implements found only in more 
 thickly populated districts. The ground was turned over 
 or rather scratched by means of a "bull-tongue" plow to 
 a depth of two or three inches. Later a plow was used 
 with a wooden mold-board, the cast iron mold-board not 
 yet being made. Corn was planted by means of a sharp- 
 ened stick called a "dibble," rye and flaxseed were sown 
 "broadcast," that is, by hand, and the branches of a dead 
 tree, preferably a thorn tree, were dragged over the 
 ground in place of a harrow to cover the seed. 
 
 Corn was parched to make it dry and brittle, and then 
 ground or crushed on a stone having a depression in it, 
 by means of another stone, pestle shaped. This was a 
 slow and laborious process, and grain was sometimes car- 
 ried on the shoulder for miles to a primitive mill which 
 would now be a curiosity. The grist mill was sometimes 
 not more than ten feet square, and consisted of two rooms 
 not always enclosed but covered by a slab roof, the upper 
 room containing the one pair of stones for grinding, and 
 the lower room the meal chest. Outside was the water 
 wheel, sometimes propelled by a stream of water coming 
 through a long hollow log laid at an angle on the side of 
 the ravine in which the mill was situated. Corn meal 
 mixed with water to which a little salt had been added 
 was molded into cakes, then covered with hot ashes and 
 coals in the fireplace until baked, and formed a staple 
 article of food. 
 
 A crop of flax was also raised as soon as possible, from 
 which the family clothing was to be made. In and about 
 the little village of Concord may yet be seen stowed away 
 
PIONEER LIFE. 45 
 
 in old garrets machinery for preparing flax for the loom. 
 When the bark or sheath of the stalk had become brittle 
 by being exposed to dampness it was hackled, that is, 
 drawn through the long-pointed teeth of an instrument 
 to separate the fibre from the sheath. The fibre or tow 
 was then mounted on a distaff, and by means of the spin- 
 ning wheel made into a coarse thread fit to be woven into 
 a fabric for clothing and other purposes. 
 
 As time passed a few sheep were procured and their 
 wool converted by a similar process into wearing apparel 
 for cold weather. Geese, ducks and chickens were also 
 added to the family outfit and their down and feathers 
 utilized for bedding, while their eggs were invaluable for 
 food. The pelts of sheep and wild animals, bears, deer, 
 foxes and other game, were always carefully tanned and 
 constituted a great addition to the stores of the pioneer 
 for the winter. 
 
 Post office facilties did not exist for the pioneer. At 
 the time of which we write, 1789, the nearest postoffice 
 to the Linns was Carlisle, thirty miles away, and reached 
 only by trails over two mountains. The mail service of 
 the United States was yet in its infancy even in thickly 
 populated districts. President Washington appointed 
 Samuel Osgood the first Postmaster-General in 1789. In 
 that year there were only seventy-five postoffices in the 
 United States. Letter postage was six cents for thirty 
 miles, increasing according to the distance to twenty-five 
 cents for 450 miles or more. 
 
 An inquiry made of the Post Office Department at 
 Washington shows that the post office at Concord was not 
 
46 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 established until well on in the last century. A letter 
 from the Postmaster-General reads as follows: 
 
 "In reply to your inquiry I have to say that the post 
 office at Concord, Franklin county, Pa., was established 
 January 16th, 1811, and that Edward W. Doyle was first 
 P. M., and James Wilson the second." 
 
 The mail service established at that time was once in 
 two weeks between Fannettsburg and Mifflintown, and 
 this was twenty-three years after the settlement of the 
 Linns. The pioneer's letter was given to some one to 
 mail, who might be going in the direction of the distant 
 post office, and sometimes passed through two or three 
 hands in as many weeks before reaching the office, un- 
 less some one was fortunately discovered who was mak- 
 ing the entire journey. Envelopes, ruled paper and post- 
 age stamps were not then in use and the paper must be 
 so written on that in folding it and attaching the seal, the 
 writing would not be seen. 
 
 The newspaper of that day was a very small affair, 
 generally about fifteen by twenty inches in size and con- 
 sisting of two leaves. It was published once a week, 
 sometimes once a month, and the news it contained was 
 very meagre and often very stale as all means of com- 
 munication were slow and uncertain. It rarely found its 
 way into the backwoods on account of the lack of mail 
 facilities, and when by chance a copy reached the remote 
 districts it was cherished as a treasure and passed from 
 neighbor to neighbor with jealous care. All were print- 
 ed on hand presses, and as much time was necessary to 
 strike off a hundred copies as is now necessary to print a 
 hundred thousand. 
 
PIONEER LIFE. 47 
 
 No school existed for the pioneer, and it was only when 
 a settlement was formed that some one was hired by pri- 
 vate subscription to give children instruction in the 
 "Three Rs," Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. This 
 was done generally only during the three winter months, 
 as the presence and assistance of children was demanded 
 by the multifarious duties of home life during the rest of 
 the year. The public school system was not introduced 
 in Pennsylvania until 1834, long after pioneer days. 
 
 There were no churches nor Sunday-schools, and even 
 that almost ubiquitous individual, the "circuit rider," as 
 he was called in the latter part of the eighteenth century, 
 was rarely seen as he plodded his way on horseback 
 through the almost trackless forests, his wardrobe occu- 
 pying one end of the saddle bags and his library, (a Bible 
 and hymn book with some tracts) the other end. He was 
 easily satisfied with earthly goods, willing to sleep on a 
 cabin floor, to eat the coarsest fare, to face storm and 
 tempest, to ford streams at the risk of life, that he might 
 preach the "Living Word" in season and out of season, 
 whenever and wherever he could find a few people will- 
 ing to listen to his message. But they were often sowing 
 seed which was to grow and bring forth fruit, thirty, 
 sixty and a hundred fold. 
 
 The first roads were trails through the forest, often 
 blazed in such a way as to indicate the place to which 
 they led. As already seen, Path Valley was threaded by 
 the "Tuscarora Trail." Locomotion was on foot or 
 horseback, and the individual pioneer was compelled to 
 widen his trail as time went by, to fit it for any kind of 
 vehicle to communicate with a settlement. In winter 
 
48 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 when the snows were heavy he was sometimes a prisoner 
 in his cabin for weeks. His needs, however, were few in 
 his simple life and he learned to get along without much 
 outside assistance. 
 
 The one article which he was compelled to get aside 
 from ammunition for his gun was salt, and he made long 
 journeys to a settlement to buy or barter for it. Money 
 was a rare article, but he could always barter the pelts of 
 wild animals to the traders for such necessaries. Sugar 
 he made in the forest from the sap of the sugar maple 
 tree into which holes were bored in the early spring when 
 the sap was "running." By inserting a piece of elder 
 about a foot long, from which the pith had been removed, 
 the sap of the sugar maple was collected in a trough made 
 by scooping out a piece of log. It was then boiled in a 
 large kettle until a syrup was obtained which could not 
 be surpassed as a relish for cornbread. Longer boiling 
 reduced the syrup to a sugar by further evaporation of 
 the water in it. 
 
 An axe, a saw and an augur generally constituted the 
 pioneer's outfit of tools. He made wooden hayforks and 
 "split brooms" as well as his furniture, put oiled paper 
 in his windows, in lieu of glass, to keep out the cold and 
 rain, and in a hundred ways necessity was found to be the 
 mother of invention. 
 
 When sickness came to him or his family he was sore 
 distressed for he had no doctor to consult, pain must be 
 endured and death faced as bravely as possible. Then 
 he turned to such remedies as nature offered and experi- 
 ence dictated. Herb and shrub and bark of tree were 
 placed under tribute, as well as water, cold and hot, a 
 
PIONEER LIFE. 49 
 
 remedy too much neglected even now. The attics of 
 some of the cabins became in course of time veritable 
 apothecary shops and contained a host of remedies which 
 in efficacy would vie with the preparations now in use. 
 Among them suspended from the rafters or stored away 
 in nooks and corners could be found the seed of flax, 
 mustard, pumpkin and watermelon; the bark of wild 
 cherry, slippery elm, willow and dogwood; the root of 
 elecampane, blackberry, mayapple, sassafras and Virginia 
 snake root, as well as peppermint, pennyroyal, thyme, 
 sage, tansy, teaberry, hoarhound, hops, calamus, juniper 
 berries, boneset, garlic, ergot, turpentine and many other 
 things of less importance. 
 
 When the angel of death brooded over his lonely cabin 
 his cup of bitterness was full. His own hands must pre- 
 pare the loved one for burial, must make that which could 
 scarce be called a coffin, must dig in the wild woods a 
 grave, and transport thither the corpse for lonely burial, 
 accompanied perhaps by the remaining members of his 
 family only. Such occasions, however, nearly always 
 summoned some one to his assistance, for one pioneer 
 would travel miles through the forest in darkness or tem- 
 pest to help another in such an hour of need. "A touch 
 of misery makes the whole world kin." They stood 
 shoulder to shoulder in repelling danger and misfortune, 
 and though the culture and refinement of settled com- 
 munities might have been lacking, there was an honest, 
 simple-hearted, whole-souled hospitality which marked 
 every household and crowned every hearthstone. 
 
CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 &jmrte anfc Snreatumfl of Jfumwr £tfe. 
 
 "Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife, 
 Their sober wishes never learned to stray; 
 Along the cool, sequestered vale of life 
 They kept the noiseless tenor of their way." — Gray. 
 
 SECLUDED as was the life of our forefathers, we 
 must not suppose that existence was devoid of 
 pleasure. Aside from that companionship obtained in the 
 visitation of each other's homes, where, in the absence of 
 the newspaper, social, religious and political discussion 
 prevailed, there were frequent opportunities for indulging 
 in the spice of life. The presence of a theatre, concert 
 troupe or circus, is not the only means of entertainment 
 for a people, nor by any means the most desirable. 
 
 Hunting and fishing were perennial sports (if sports 
 they might be called), for much dependence was placed 
 upon the products of the chase in furnishing the larder. 
 Of small game there was an abundance everywhere. 
 Squirrels, rabbits, quail, grouse (pheasants) and wild 
 turkeys had not yet learned to fear their arch enemy, 
 man, and were easily taken by means of guns and snares. 
 
 For trapping wild turkeys a covered pen of poles or 
 light logs was built and a depression in the earth at one 
 side made large enough for a turkey to pass in. Corn 
 was scattered over the ground nearby and leading up to 
 the depression and into the pen in which a liberal supply 
 was also placed. Following the line of corn the turkeys 
 would pass through the opening into the pen, but once 
 
 50 
 
SPORTS AND RECREATION. 51 
 
 inside were too stupid to return the same way, always 
 looking up for an exit. Snaring and trapping rabbits was 
 the especial sport of the boys. Squirrels were always fat 
 in the autumn and they, with pheasants and turkeys, fell 
 an easy prey to the rifle of the keen-eyed hunter. 
 
 Bears and deer were the great prizes of the hunter in 
 the eighteenth and early part of the last century, and the 
 born hunter was always ready to drop everything for an 
 exciting chase. He kept for this purpose a brace or more 
 of hounds. So soon as it became known that a bear was 
 in the neighboring mountains, the trail was located with 
 the assistance of the dogs, and though by this time Bruin 
 might be miles away, hunter and dogs started in a mad 
 race over and among rocks, through thickets, up and 
 over the mountains in hot pursuit. Dog as well as hunter 
 seemed to know the value of the prey. 
 
 No narrow-chested, weak-kneed disciple of Nimrod 
 need venture on such a chase. It required an iron con- 
 stitution and the endurance of an Indian to travel all day 
 long at break-neck speed, perhaps without food or drink, 
 to overtake the quarry, and if night came on before doing 
 so, it must be spent, perchance, lying on the mountain 
 awaiting another day which might be equally taxing on 
 human strength. And what a scene of rejoicing when 
 success crowned the labor and perseverance of the hunt- 
 ers. The dogs were wild with excitement and delight, 
 and as the big game was carried down the precipitous 
 side of the mountain to some point where a horse could 
 be procured to transport it home, men and boys from the 
 surrounding country congregated, all envious of the 
 prowess which had been so well rewarded. What a fine 
 
S2 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 bear skin as a trophy and for future sale or use ! What 
 superb steaks for the coming winter, when other meat 
 might be scarce ! Old and young alike looked on the 
 bold and successful hunter with a feeling akin to rever- 
 ence. 
 
 Bear hunting was always attended with more or less 
 danger, for a wounded bear will turn upon and attack 
 the hunter, and unless the dogs are fearless in such case 
 he may be killed. John Linn, while pursuing a bear made 
 an effort to head him off and thus got between the bear 
 and the dogs. At a distance of twenty yards he shot the 
 bear but not in a vital spot. The enraged beast rushed 
 viciously upon him, giving him only time to pick up a 
 stone with which he struck him on the head. He suc- 
 ceeded in keeping clear of the animal's powerful paws, a 
 single blow of which is sufficient to kill a man or dog, but 
 in doing so the brute bit his left arm badly. Fortunately 
 the dogs coming up saved him while another hunter kill- 
 ed the shaggy beast. 
 
 The fleet and wily deer was hunted in a different way, 
 and the sport, though less exciting, was full of interest. 
 Men were stationed at points where it was known deer 
 were in the habit of passing, while others started the game 
 perhaps at some far distant point, and if it chanced to 
 come near to the secreted hunters could be shot. Springs 
 in some localities impregnated with salt and called "deer 
 licks," were favorite resorts for the graceful animal, and 
 hunters concealing themselves in the bushes to the lee- 
 ward of such places were able to shoot them unawares. 
 Hugh Linn 2d told of an exciting adventure a hunter 
 once had at such a place. He had wounded a buck which 
 
SPORTS AND RECREATION. 53 
 
 he started to pursue when the animal turned suddenly, 
 determined to impale him on its massive antlers. The 
 hunter ran behind a large tree and was followed round 
 and round the tree by the buck which kept him in terror 
 for several hours as he did not have time to load his old- 
 fashioned, muzzle-loading flint-lock rifle. Finally the 
 buck, which had been badly stunned more than hurt, 
 seemed disgusted by the chase and turning away into the 
 forest escaped. 
 
 The "Shooting Match" was an occasion of special in- 
 terest to the frontiersman. Men, who depended for their 
 subsistence largely on wild game, were likely to be "dead 
 shots" with a rifle. The favorite gun of those days was 
 not made for beauty, but for utility. It had a long and 
 heavy barrel and was a muzzle loader, carrying a bullet 
 about the size of a small cherry. The owner bought his 
 lead in bulk at the nearest settlement and made his own 
 bullets. These he carried in a leather or buckskin pouch 
 made for the purpose, or sometimes in his pocket. On 
 the day appointed for the shooting match, men came long 
 distances, each bringing his pet gun, resolved if possible 
 to carry away one of the much-coveted prizes, these con- 
 sisting perhaps of a powder horn mounted with silver, a 
 hunting belt, a turkey or some other more or less valuable 
 article. 
 
 There were always a few among the many competi- 
 tors in whom popular interest centered because of their 
 well-known ability as hunters and marksmen. Skill in 
 shooting depended on practice, a good eye, a steady arm, 
 and a fine mental equilibrium which was not easily dis- 
 turbed by any excitement. When the time for shooting 
 
54 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 arrived the ground was paced off a distance of a hundred 
 and fifty or two hundred yards, lots were cast for the 
 order in which each should shoot, the prize announced, 
 an umpire with an assistant stationed where the target 
 could be readily observed, and as each bullet left its mark 
 a wooden peg was inserted in the hole. 
 
 After all had shot, a second and then a third trial was 
 afforded. All did not shoot for every prize, for the more 
 valuable the prize the further removed was the target, 
 and those who were not "crack shots" were contented 
 with the shorter range, while the expert marksman scorn- 
 ed to take advantage of one who acknowledged himself 
 inferior in marksmanship. 
 
 But there was time for other sports between the trials 
 for skill in shooting. There were foot races, jumping, 
 wrestling and other minor sports among the crowd who 
 had come as spectators. Thus the day quickly passed and 
 all returned home to relate to wives, children and neigh- 
 bors the results of the day's sport. 
 
 Fishing with nets and spearing fish, popularly called 
 "gigging," were less exciting but very enjoyable pastimes, 
 while helping also to replenish the larder. The fish-gig 
 consisted of several barbed iron prongs securely fastened 
 to a handle five or six feet long. A half-dozen men would 
 combine for the sport and first procure from the moun- 
 tains yellow pine, rich in turpentine. This was split in 
 pieces two or three feet long and about an inch in thick- 
 ness. The pieces were then tied together in bundles or 
 fagots, four or five feet in length. A dark night when the 
 water in the streams was clear was chosen for the expedi- 
 tion. Two or three of the party were selected to carry 
 
SPORTS AND RECREATION. 55 
 
 the lighted fagots and as many more took the gigs, while 
 a couple were delegated to carry the fish. 
 
 Proceeding against the current all moved abreast, the 
 strong light from the yellow pine fagots illuminating 
 clearly every object in the stream. Fish attracted by the 
 light would lie still on the bottom and were readily spear- 
 ed. In the early part of the last century, when they were 
 plentiful, there being no dams to prevent their ascending 
 the streams, a half-barrel could be secured in an evening. 
 Black fish, catfish, suckers and eels were the varieties 
 usually caught. In order to facilitate an amicable division 
 of the spoils at the close of the sport, they were placed in 
 as many piles on the ground as there were fishermen and 
 lots cast for them. 
 
 Musters were held at times appointed by the authori- 
 ties for military exercises, and all able-bodied men were 
 required to attend. It is needless to say that, interested 
 as all patriotic citizens were to fit themselves for military 
 duties, their attention was often diverted by exercises 
 not on the program for the day. Those were the days 
 when small distilleries were found at frequent intervals 
 throughout the mountain districts, and no settlement 
 was supposed to be complete unless it had one. As 
 might be supposed, under such circumstances some men 
 indulged too freely in "fire water" and then became 
 belligerent ; result — bloody noses and bruised faces, 
 necessitating the interference of cooler heads to quell 
 the disturbance. 
 
 The Fourth of July was an occasion of great import- 
 ance in the settlements, in later days, to old and young. 
 Many of the sires of the Revolution were still living, 
 
56 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 and every child heard recited stories of Paul Revere, 
 Mollie Pitcher, Mad Anthony Wayne, Paul Jones, York- 
 town, Valley Forge, and other people and places made 
 immortal in the dark and gloomy days when liberty was 
 more highly prized than life itself. 
 
 The people met by common consent to celebrate the 
 natal day of independence. A spacious platform was 
 erected in some convenient locality in the woods, gaily 
 decorated with evergreens, and, thither from church or 
 school house, a procession of men, women and children 
 wended its way to the inspiring music of fife and drum, 
 while the mountains and valleys echoed and re-echoed 
 the strains of "Yankee Doodle," which found a com- 
 panion piece after the War of 1812 in the "Star Spang- 
 led Banner." The Declaration of Independence was then 
 read to the people as they sat on the moss-covered ground 
 or on seats extemporized for the occasion, addresses 
 were delivered by prominent citizens, recitations were 
 given by school children, interspersed with singing, and 
 the exercises closed with a generous collation of pie, 
 cake, butter and rolls, gingerbread, etc., all washed 
 down by pure spring water, or the old-fashioned home- 
 made "small beer" of "ye olden times," which never 
 muddled any one's brains. 
 
 In the early spring, when the sap in the sugar maple 
 trees began to flow, they were busy making maple 
 syrup and maple sugar, which formed important articles 
 of diet during the whole year. (We have already de- 
 scribed the method of collecting the sap and making 
 syrup and sugar in Chapter VII.) During the summer 
 the young people were sent out to gather wild berries 
 
SPORTS AND RECREATION. 57 
 
 and fruits, which were made into jams or jellies, or dried 
 for winter use. Blackberries, raspberries and strawber- 
 ries grew wild in abundance, and on the mountains whor- 
 tleberries, popularly called "huckleberries," could be had 
 for the picking. Famous pies were made of all these 
 berries so long as the season lasted. 
 
 When the autumn frosts came, hickory nuts (shell- 
 barks), walnuts and chestnuts were gathered by the 
 bushel and stored in attics and garrets for consumption 
 in the long winter evenings, when they were cracked 
 on the great hearthstones or roasted in the coals, then 
 eaten and digested by stomachs to which indigestion, 
 pain and colic were total strangers. In later days, when 
 the settlement stores received nuts as barter for goods, 
 they were often carried thither and given in exchange 
 for writing paper, school books and ink. Economy, 
 however, forced many boys and girls to manufacture 
 their own ink, which was done by expressing the juice 
 of the poke berry. 
 
 An event of special interest and importance to the 
 young men and women, was apple-butter making, for 
 then new acquaintances were made and old friendships 
 increased, while mirth and jollity reigned supreme as 
 ever did Bacchus at Grecian carnival. Picture to your- 
 self a dozen young people of both sexes, congenial spir- 
 its, invited to such an evening entertainment. The 
 autumn frosts have come, the golden harvest of fruit 
 has been gathered, the verbal invitations sent out for an 
 evening of combined work and pleasure, and the big 
 copper kettle, filled with luscious, appetizing cider, 
 hangs over a blazing fire on the hearth, or in a cozy nook 
 
58 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 outside the cabin, with no roof but the fretted vault of 
 heaven, from which the stars look down in unclouded 
 beauty. 
 
 Baskets of apples are in every corner of the big kit- 
 chen, which is lighted by the blazing pine knots on the 
 hearth ; the bashful lads and timid lassies come dropping 
 in, greet each other in rustic style, doff their wraps, and 
 are ready for work. Notice how they pair off, as if 
 governed by instinct in the choice of mates, a pair to 
 each basket, and then the work and the fun of the even- 
 ing begin. The hearty, care-free laugh rings out mer- 
 rily ; the animated jest, the spirited repartee, the flashing 
 eye, the arching brow and flushed cheek reveal the ex- 
 tent and depth of the wounds which Cupid's unseen darts 
 are inflicting. The pared and cut apples are then added 
 to the boiling cider, turns are taken at "stirring," sport 
 and frolic indulged in by the now idle members of the 
 group, and the hours fly quickly by until the butter is 
 "done." Then the girls are escorted to their homes by 
 the young men, all eager for a repetition of the night's 
 entertainment at some other neighbor's house. 
 
 The nuts and fruits all gathered, the apple-butter made, 
 the butchering done and the meat for winter "cured" by 
 packing down or smoking over a smoldering fire, the 
 extra duties of life with the settler, so far as they per- 
 tained to provision for the long winter, were at an end, 
 and the young folks were free to indulge in the outdoor 
 sports of winter. Skating, coasting, sleighing, fishing 
 through holes cut in the ice, or "stunning" fish by strik- 
 ing the ice over them with a pole axe and then cutting 
 through for them, snaring or trapping wild animals, all 
 
SPORTS AND RECREATION. 59 
 
 constituted means of enjoyment. For those who had a 
 taste for reading, the long winter evenings afforded 
 abundant opportunity. One of the boys or girls would 
 read aloud while the rest of the family were engaged in 
 sewing, knitting, hackling flax, shelling corn by hand, 
 or such other domestic duties as might be required. 
 Thus turns were taken at reading and working and 
 useful lessons learned in both. 
 
 Thanks to the then limited output of books and papers, 
 only those of real value were to be had. The art of 
 printing was one of the greatest boons which ever came 
 to humanity, but the ease and cheapness with which 
 books are thrown from the press today has resulted in 
 such a mass of illy prepared and worthless material being 
 placed before us, that time is worse than wasted in read- 
 ing it. Better twenty well selected books than a thous- 
 and taken up promiscuously. 
 
 The shelf of the intelligent pioneer and early settler 
 (for library he did not have) often contained, besides 
 the Bible, such books as Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, 
 Aesop's Fables, Plutarch's Lives, Essays of Bacon and 
 Addison, Milton's Paradise Lost, Cook's Voyages, 
 Robinson Crusoe, Rollin's Ancient History, Fox's Book 
 of Martyrs, and not infrequently a copy of Shakespeare 
 or Locke's Essay on the Human Understanding, with 
 some work on Arithmetic, Geometry and Surveying 
 bound in one volume. This was the sort of intellectual 
 diet which did not enervate the mind, and such books 
 were read and re-read until they became a part of the 
 individual and served him in good stead in every walk 
 of life. 
 
6o THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 The "Husking Bee" was an incident of autumn, and 
 generally held on moonlight nights. Neighbors met by 
 appointment in the cornfield of one of their number and 
 a dozen pairs of ready hands quickly stripped the crop 
 of ripened corn from the yellow husk, after which all 
 gathered at the house or cabin of the beneficiary to par- 
 take of a generous repast, served by his good wife and 
 the neighboring women. 
 
 When the logs and timbers were ready for a new 
 cabin or house, a "Raising Bee" or "Frolic" was called, 
 and many hands made light work of what would have 
 been otherwise an insuperable task to the lone settler, 
 each man vieing with his fellows in feats of strength in 
 lifting heavy logs into position. 
 
 In later days, when private schools were established in 
 the settlements, for three or four months of the winter 
 season, the "Spelling Bee" afforded an opportunity for 
 the youth of both sexes to meet each other in friendly 
 rivalry for a display of skill in spelling. Boys and girls, 
 young men and women from neighboring settlements 
 met at the school-house appointed for the contest, often 
 going miles on foot or in sleds cushioned with hay and 
 straw, the members of each school anxious to head the 
 list of the best spellers in the country. "Early candle 
 light" was the time set by churches and other assemblies 
 for their evening meetings in primitive days. The teacher 
 of the school at which the "Spelling Bee" was held select- 
 ed two persons to choose "sides," lots were cast for the 
 first choice, and then the best spellers, in so far as they 
 were known, were selected and took their places, until all 
 were chosen. The words given by the teacher were 
 
SPORTS AND RECREATION. 61 
 
 spelled alternately by each side, all the contestants 
 standing, and every one missing a word sat down, while 
 the one who did not misspell any word was given the 
 credit of being the best speller, a most worthy and envi- 
 able distinction. 
 
 "Quilting Bees" gave our great-grandmothers much 
 employment and afforded an excellent opportunity for 
 receiving and imparting neighborhood and general infor- 
 mation. The newspaper, as we have seen, was a rarity, 
 and in the absence of news from the great world beyond 
 the mountains and the sea, time was found for the dis- 
 cussion of local events. Tongues, it may be admitted, 
 sometimes vied with needles in rapidity of movement, 
 and, unlike the latter, sometimes grew sharper by much 
 use; but gentleness, charity and love were more pre- 
 dominant characteristics among them than among many 
 who today occupy gilded drawing-rooms and wear 
 scented vestments. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Aturtljer lj?artfy0fcm* lEaft att& Another 
 Altar Hirttttb. 
 
 "From scenes like these old Scotia's grandeur springs, 
 That makes her loved at home, revered abroad; 
 Princes and lords are but the breath of Kings, 
 An honest man's the noblest work of God." — Burns. 
 
 HUGH LINN doubtless enjoyed the first days of 
 the family reunion mentioned in Chapter V, but his 
 was a temperament that could not long brook idleness, 
 and soon we find him spying out this new land of milk 
 and honey. Stretching away to the northeast of James 
 Widney's location, like the finger of a glove, was an 
 extension of Path Valley of small dimensions, now 
 known by the uneuphemistic name of Horse Valley. It 
 had great natural beauty, was well watered, and con- 
 tained a remarkably fine growth of timber. 
 
 Thither he wended his way, and following an old 
 trail, another Indian path through the heart of the valley, 
 he rested by a beautiful, never-failing spring, still flow- 
 ing with perennial life, which was gushing out of the 
 southern slope of the Tuscarora Mountain, and deter- 
 mined to make that spot his future home. There he 
 would be protected from the keen north winds of winter, 
 while the sun would give him its full measure of light 
 and heat all day long. 
 
 Soon his axe was heard felling trees for the double 
 purpose of making a clearing for planting crops and 
 
 62 
 
HEARTHSTONE AND ALTAR. 63 
 
 furnishing logs for a cabin, which would be the tempo- 
 rary home until one more commodious could be built. 
 It was in this cabin (such a one as is described in Chap- 
 ter VII) that we find the Linns in the autumn of 1789. 
 Twelve months had gone by since they had settled in 
 the New World, and they were now accustomed to their 
 strange surroundings. 
 
 Their children were growing rapidly. In the midst of 
 this wild country they were developing a spirit of self- 
 reliance and independence which was of the greatest 
 value to them ever after. Young as they were, they 
 were being trained to habits of industry and economy, 
 and to a spirit of enterprise. They were learning to 
 grapple with the stern realities of practical life. For- 
 tunately for them, their parents were imbued with prin- 
 ciples of sterling worth. Life had in it something for 
 them more than the philosophy of Epicurus, "Let us eat 
 and drink, for tomorrow we die." It was not for them a 
 "fleeting show for man's illusion given." With Long- 
 fellow they believed 
 
 "Life is real, life is earnest, 
 
 And the grave is not its goal ; 
 'Dust thou art, to dust returnest' 
 
 Was not spoken of the soul. 
 
 "Not enjoyment and not sorrow, 
 Is our destined end and way; 
 But to live that each tomorrow 
 Find us farther than today." 
 
 Let us as kinsmen accept the liberty always accorded 
 friend and traveler in pioneer days, and look within the 
 
64 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 privacy of that domestic circle. It is in the year just 
 mentioned. The little harvest of the first season has 
 been gathered, the autumn evenings are lengthening rap- 
 idly, darkness is already brooding over the narrow valley, 
 the long and arduous day's work is done. A bright and 
 cheerful fire blazes on the spacious hearth, casting a 
 ruddy glow on the simply furnished but neat and tidy 
 apartment called the kitchen. A simple evening meal 
 has been prepared, and father, mother and children 
 (John, Mary and Hugh) sit down to partake of it with 
 keen and wholesome appetite. A momentary silence 
 takes the place of the hum of voices and the playful 
 laughter of little ones. Every head is reverently bowed, 
 and the deep, strong voice of him who in the old Anglo- 
 Saxon language is known as the "houseband" (husband) 
 is lifted in thankfulness to the Giver of all good for the 
 sustenance which, like the manna of Israel's children, 
 comes to them day by day. 
 
 Then while enjoying their simple fare, more than 
 crowned heads do the viands of palaces, the experiences 
 of the day are recited, "absent friends are brought to 
 mind," and restful converse indulged in, blended with 
 an occasional gentle admonition to the children, whose 
 exuberant spirits the daylight hours have failed to sub- 
 due. But notice — when hunger has been sated and the 
 evening meal is ended, there is no haste to get away ; 
 even the babe in arms, little Sarah, seems to recognize 
 a coming calm. The master of the house reaches up- 
 ward to the simple shelf made between the joists of the 
 unceiled room, and takes down a book, the "Book of 
 Books," which is to them an inspiration by day and by 
 
HEARTHSTONE AND ALTAR. 65 
 
 night, in sickness and in health, in prosperity and in ad- 
 versity. Slowly and reverently he opens its lids, and 
 turning its well-worn leaves as if looking for some favor- 
 ite selection, says, "Let us read a portion of God's Word, 
 the One Hundred and Third Psalm," and we hear among 
 other passages the following: 
 
 "Bless the Lord, O my soul, and all that is within me, 
 bless His holy name. . . . Who satisfieth thy mouth with 
 good things so that thy youth is renewed like the eagle's. 
 The Lord is merciful and gracious, slow to anger and 
 of great mercy. He hath not dealt with us after our sins, 
 nor rewarded us according to our iniquities. Like as a 
 father pitieth his children so the Lord pitieth them that 
 fear Him. For He knoweth our frame, He remembereth 
 that we are dust. . . . But the mercy of the Lord is 
 from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear 
 Him, and His righteousness unto children's children. . . 
 Bless the Lord all His works, in all places of His do- 
 minion, bless the Lord, O my soul." 
 
 The Book is then as reverently closed as it had been 
 opened, and all, in a silence unbroken save by the voice 
 of husband and father, kneel in prayer before the King 
 of kings. The goodness and power of Deity are ac- 
 knowledged, the unworthiness of the suppliants con- 
 fessed, the blessings of the day recounted, the favor of 
 heaven invoked upon all, and especially upon the "lambs 
 of the fold," and the petition closes by commending all 
 to God's care for the night. The remaining moments of 
 the evening quickly pass in preparation for sleep. The 
 
C5 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 little ones, disrobed, kneel together about the mother's 
 lap, and slowly repeat in unison : 
 
 "Now I lay me down to sleep, 
 I pray the Lord my soul to keep; 
 If I should die before I wake, 
 I pray the Lord my soul to take." 
 
 They are then carefully tucked in the trundle bed and a 
 good-night kiss from mother closes the wearied eyelids 
 in the dreamless sleep of childhood, while she whispers: 
 
 "The bairnies cuddle doon at nicht 
 
 Wi' mirth that's dear to me ; 
 But soon the big warl's cark and care 
 
 Will quaten doon their glee. 
 
 Yet come what may to ilka ane, 
 
 May he what rules aboon, 
 Aye whisper though their pows be bauld, 
 
 O, bairnies, cuddle doon." 
 
 The Linns who read this will recognize in it no imagi- 
 nary picture, no false coloring, no attempt to overstate 
 the truth. As given it depicts a scene which was enacted 
 day after day in and about Concord, and the site of their 
 settlement in America, for more than a century, until 
 the last of the name was called away from the old village 
 by death. Who that has been brought up under such 
 influences can ever lose the spirit of reverence for Deity? 
 Its remembrance follows him as a pillar of cloud by day 
 and a pillar of fire by night, a protecting aegis by sea 
 and by land, in calm and in storm, in sickness and in 
 health, and enables him to say, "Yea, though I walk 
 
HEARTHSTONE AND ALTAR. 67 
 
 through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear 
 no evil, for thou art with me, thy rod and thy staff they 
 comfort me." 
 
 The descendants of the man who thus worshipped God, 
 scattered as they are all over our land, carry with them 
 (unconsciously though it be) an emanation of that spirit 
 which in the olden time met God face to face in that 
 lonely cabin, and spake to Him as a man speaketh to his 
 friend. Such an influence is not lost. Every heart has 
 in it a chord which vibrates responsive to virtuous 
 thought and noble act, and though it may seem dead to 
 human perception, will awaken under the influence of 
 holy memories. The dissolute sailor who paces the deck 
 of his ship in the midnight watch, thinks as never before 
 of the pious example and fervent prayer of his long-de- 
 parted mother, and, looking up, calls the stars to witness 
 that he will henceforth lead a better life. We cannot 
 measure the mystic influences which go out from 
 the fireside when pure and ennobling. As gravity binds 
 us inexorably to the most distant stars by virtue of some 
 strange and incomprehensible power, so are our lives 
 governed by forces which we cannot measure, and which 
 we cannot ignore if we would. 
 
CHAPTER X. 
 
 3tfj? Eelujum of % Ktttts. 
 
 "Life's more than breath and the quick round of blood; 
 'Tis a great spirit and a busy heart. 
 We live in deeds not years; in thoughts, not breaths; 
 In feelings, not in figures on a dial. 
 We should count time by heart throbs. He most lives 
 Who thinks most, feels the noblest, acts the best." — Anonymous. 
 
 THE descendants of the Linns will be interested to 
 know, next to their ancestry, something of the 
 religion of their forefathers. We have already referred 
 to the reverence of the Celts for a Supreme Being, and 
 it can be truly said that the Linns have ever been deeply 
 imbued with the feeling of reverence. Reverence was 
 the keynote of their religion ; reverence for Deity, rever- 
 ence for religious worship, whether held in vaulted 
 cathedral, gilded pagoda, minaretted mosque, domed 
 synagogue, humble "meeting house," or under swaying 
 forest tree ; reverence for constituted authority in Church 
 or State, when it represented the gentle, loving precepts 
 of the meek and lowly Saviour ; reverence for age, for 
 superiors, for purity, for truth. 
 
 In common with the Scottish people at large, they 
 were originally Protestants of Calvinistic tenets, fathful 
 followers of the teachings of John Knox. The branch of 
 the Linn family represented by us is Methodistic, and 
 hence the very pertinent inquiry, why this change in re- 
 igious creed? The answer is a threefold one. First, in 
 their temporary island home, Ireland, they were thrown 
 into the society of the Widneys (as we have seen in 
 
 68 
 
THE RELIGION OF THE LINNS. 69 
 
 Chapter IV), who, coming from Holland, were disciples 
 of Arminius, — Holland in the sixteenth century being 
 the chief centre of the opponents of Calvinism as taught 
 in Switzerland. Those were the days of heated theo- 
 logical discussion, when many men placed more stress 
 on the theological dogmas a man advocated than upon 
 the uprightness and purity of his life. Protestants and 
 Catholics vied with each other in persecuting those who 
 dissented from them in religious beliefs, so much so that 
 in Geneva, a stronghold of the Reformation and Calvin's 
 own city, Michael Servetus, a learned man, was burned 
 £ at the stake in 1^53, without a protest from Calvin, be- 
 cause he could not and would not avow a belief in the 
 doctrine of the Trinity. 
 
 The Widneys were great readers and keen controver- 
 sialists in theological discussion. The doctrine of pre- 
 destination by which, to use Calvin's language, "God 
 adopts some to the hope of eternal life, and adjudges 
 others to eternal death," was not in accordance with 
 their sense of divine goodness and justice. While the 
 logic of St. Augustine and Calvin was metaphysically 
 impregnable, it was incompatible with the strong com- 
 mon sense of the Linns, who, though not "subject to 
 every wind of doctrine," have never been bigoted. They 
 had little patience with the discussions of the "Sublap- 
 sarians" or "Supralapsarians," or with any of the inani- 
 ties of the Middle Age schoolmen. It must also be re- 
 membered that in those days the pill of Calvinism had 
 not yet been sugar-coated, nor reduced in size to the di- 
 mensions of a homeopathic globule. 
 
 At that time also John Wesley, that colossal evangelist 
 
70 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 of the eighteenth century, was moving like a pillar of 
 fire, day and night, through England and Ireland, and 
 proclaiming (although a minister of the Established 
 Church of England, in whose fold he lived and died) the 
 doctrine of "free will and free grace." The wonderful 
 influence he exerted over the people of the nation at 
 large may be inferred from the testimony of those who 
 differed from him in religious creed. The writer was 
 once present at the dedication of a cathedral in London, 
 England, when Cardinal Manning, who at that time had 
 no superior as a prelate in the Church of Rome, 
 delivered the sermon. In dwelling upon the vices 
 of the day and the need for a deeper religious life, 
 he referred to a similar laxity of public morals in the 
 preceding century, and then remarked, "Had it not been 
 for the labors of that great and pious man, John Wesley, 
 in the last century, I do not know what would have be- 
 come of Great Britain." The fervent appeals of John 
 Wesley to his fellow-men, in striking contrast to the 
 apathetic methods of many of his brother clergy, won the 
 hearts of the masses, and the Linns and Widneys heard 
 his message gladly. Add to this also the fact that Hugh 
 Linn had gained the good graces of Sarah Widney, a 
 sister of James Widney, and also an Arminian, and was 
 plighted to her in marriage. Love makes many things 
 easy, and may be of great assistance in matters of faith as 
 well as of works, and one can understand how easily the 
 barriers of denominationalism were scaled. Thus it was 
 that Hugh Linn threw overboard the Jonah which had 
 wrecked many a noble craft, and henceforth sailed under 
 lighter canvas. 
 
THE RELIGION OF THE LINNS. 71 
 
 When he was established in his mountain home in the 
 New World, he found himself far removed from any 
 organized religious society. No church bell was there 
 heard to summon the devout worshiper to the portals of 
 the sanctuary. But the flame which burned so brightly 
 on the family altar in that little cabin, shed its rays into 
 every nook and corner of that secluded valley. Lay 
 reading and preaching were established in his home, in- 
 vitations were sent out far and wide to the rough moun- 
 taineers to come to religious service, and when they were 
 assured of the deep religious enthusiasm and fervid zeal 
 of their host, they needed no second invitation. Men, 
 women and children came miles on foot and horseback 
 over mountain trails to this new centre of worship. 
 When the narrow confines of the cabin proved too re- 
 stricted to accommodate the eager throng, the groves, 
 "God's first temples," sheltered the listening multitude, 
 while prayer and praise, song and exhortation awakened 
 to a new and higher life many an honest and noble heart 
 under the uncouth garb of a pioneer. Hugh Linn's cabin 
 became a recognized centre for religious worship, and 
 was called by the people of the valley "Immanuel," the 
 biblical expression for the term "God with us." 
 
 The peculiar polity of Methodism known as the "Itin- 
 erancy," according to which its preachers were sent out 
 annually at that day into different sections of the country, 
 with instructions to visit every settlement possible, and 
 to hold services in frontier cabins, resulted in great ac- 
 cessions to that church. Many pioneers who had been 
 church members in established communities, were eager 
 to receive the message of the Gospel from any sincere 
 
72 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Christian minister without regard to any denominational 
 creed. But at that date even the itinerant had not found 
 his way into those mountain fastnesses. An examina- 
 tion of the Methodist Conference records shows that 
 York circuit was formed in 1781, Bedford in 1784, and 
 Carlisle in 1794. It is probable that Carlisle circuit, in 
 the bounds of which Concord circuit was afterward form- 
 ed, was thus late in being created, because (Methodism 
 not being established in this country until 1773, when 
 the Cumberland Valley was already settled), the itinerant 
 chose as his field of labor the more inaccessible mountain 
 districts on account of their greater need for his services. 
 
 The century had almost closed before this zealous 
 scout of the church found his way over the mountain 
 trails into the head of Path Valley, and he received a 
 hearty welcome from the Linns and Widneys. Relig- 
 ious services were held in their homes, which became the 
 recognized headquarters of the itinerant. In November, 
 1800, the first Methodist Society was organized at Con- 
 cord, which had been laid out as a village by James Wid- 
 ney three years before. There were eleven charter 
 members in the Society, among them Hugh Linn and 
 wife and three of their children, John, Mary and Hugh 
 Linn 2d. James Widney was appointed the first class 
 leader. Francis Asbury, the first Superintendent of 
 Methodism in America, who had been sent over by John 
 Wesley to foster the rapidly growing societies, once 
 preached in Concord in a large log cabin, called "Castle 
 Cool," which stood on the crest of the hill just east of 
 "The Diamond." 
 
 The life of the earlv itinerant was one of most exhaust- 
 
THE RELIGION OF THE LINNS. 73 
 
 ing labor, and the interest which the Linns have always 
 entertained in Methodism will excuse the writer for the 
 following digression from the main subject. For weeks, 
 and sometimes months, he threaded his way through the 
 mountains on horseback, preaching to the frontiersmen 
 and their families wherever and whenever a half dozen 
 or more could be gathered, before he would again reach 
 his point of departure. He suffered more than the pio- 
 neer. With irregular, scanty, and often poorly prepared 
 diet, a change of beds almost every night in the week, 
 very often sleeping on cabin floors for lack of better 
 accommodation, exposed to rain and snow, heat and cold 
 in his long and lonesome journeys through the sparsely 
 settled regions, his lot was not an enviable one, viewed 
 from a temporal standpoint. 
 
 A Presbyterian physician, once known to us, who had 
 practiced medicine in the backwoods, told the following 
 story : 
 
 "I was called to see a patient late in the day and several 
 miles from a settlement, when a violent storm came up 
 and I could not leave the cabin before darkness set in. 
 The wind was blowing a hurricane, overturning trees in 
 the forest, and the rain descending in torrents. While I 
 sat by the chimney fire talking to the family, there was a 
 knock at the door. The husband opened the door, and 
 a man, standing in the darkness outside, said, with a 
 pleasant voice: 'Will you allow me to go in out of the 
 storm and stay over night? I am a Methodist preacher. 
 The storm overtook me, and it is so dark I can't see the 
 trail. I have an appointment to preach at the settlement 
 tomorrow.' 
 
74 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 " 'Come in,' was the reply, 'and I'll put your horse in 
 the shed.' The preacher's clothing was drenched with 
 rain, but greeting all pleasantly and laying his saddle- 
 bags in the corner, he proceeded to dry his garments by 
 frequently shifting his position before the blazing hearth. 
 xA.ll were soon friends at ease, and after a couple of hours 
 conversation, the host said to us (the storm still continu- 
 ing) he was sorry he could not give us a bed for the 
 night, but he would lay some bedding on the floor. We 
 were glad of any opportunity to spend the night under 
 shelter. The preacher said, 'Excuse me, but would you 
 allow worship before we sleep?' Assent was given, and 
 he added, 'It is always our rule to have family worship 
 where we are staying, if there is no objection.' He then 
 took from his saddle-bags a small Bible, read a few 
 verses, and offered one of the most fervent and touching 
 prayers I ever heard. We passed the night lying on the 
 floor, with our feet to the fire ; received a frugal meal in 
 the morning, and separated with a cordial invitation from 
 the preacher to attend services at the settlement. I then 
 learned to value as never before the labor and sacrifices 
 of the itinerant preacher." 
 
CHAPTER XI. 
 
 Stoprosuut of tlj? Klttmfl. 
 
 "When I remember all 
 The friends so linked together 
 I've seen around me fall, 
 Like leaves in wintry weather, 
 
 I feel like one 
 
 Who treads alone 
 Some banquet hall deserted, 
 
 Whose lights are fled, 
 
 Whose garlands dead, 
 And all but him departed." — Moore. 
 
 T) USY were the early days of the Linns in that moun- 
 ■*-* tain home. Time flew rapidly by. The heel-be- 
 winged messenger of Jove sped not more swiftly. Events 
 crowded each other in quick succession. The fiery blood 
 of the ancient Celt coursing through their veins would 
 not permit the Linns to sit down in idleness and sloth. 
 Trammeled as they were by an inauspicious environment, 
 beautiful and fascinating as it was, the growing and in- 
 creasing family looked beyond the narrow confines of 
 their valley home for wider fields of enterprise and use- 
 fulness. 
 
 Fate often opposes men like a wall of adamant, and 
 superhuman effort is sometimes required to carve a way 
 through difficulties. Some men and women sit supinely 
 down appalled by the fierceness of life's struggle, and, 
 waiting Micawber-like "for something to turn up," live 
 and die in the shadow of the ancestral tree. But the 
 Scot is a born rover. The word Scot signifies a wan- 
 derer, and he fairly outstrips the descendants of Hagar, 
 
 75 
 
76 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 hence the adage, "A Scotchman is never at home unless 
 he is abroad." He and his first cousin, the Scotch Irish, 
 are ubiquitous. They are found today the world over 
 wherever there is a demand for special activity and enter- 
 prise. Is danger to be faced? Without a moment's 
 hesitation they fling themselves into the forefront of 
 battle and snatch victory from the very jaws of defeat. 
 Balaklava and Inkerman were made possible only by the 
 impetuosity and heroism of the Highlander. The Viking 
 and the Saxon found in him a foeman worthy of their 
 steel. Today he is seen climbing the Himalayas, trek- 
 king in South Africa, reclaiming the wilds of Australia 
 and New Zealand, and leading pioneers through the vast 
 forests of the Hudson Bay region and the illimitable 
 plains of the Canadian Northwest. 
 
 Horse Valley and Path Valley sufficed as a nursery 
 for the Linns, but greater latitude must be furnished the 
 growing scions. One by one the children were springing 
 up into the stature of men and women. The school in 
 which they were being nurtured was a grand one for the 
 development of family virtues and Christian heroism. 
 They there learned the lessons of industry, economy and 
 perseverance in the face of never-ceasing difficulties, and 
 as it never could have been learned in an old and settled 
 neighborhood. 
 
 With advancing and matured years for the children 
 came the interesting and important question of mar- 
 riage and of future location. At the close of the cen- 
 tury John Linn had attained his majority and put his 
 heart (1802) in the keeping of one of the lasses of the 
 valley named Scyoc, a maid of good parentage, well 
 
DISPERSION OF THE LINNS. 77 
 
 nurtured and proficient in all the mysteries and accom- 
 plishments of housekeeping. He was influenced, as the 
 first born and mainstay of his parents, as well as by the 
 proximity of her home, to settle near the old homestead, 
 where he lived and died in 1845, after having brought 
 up a family of ten children. 
 
 Among his descendants are the Heeters of Kewanee, 
 111. ; the Morrises of Cambria and Derby, Iowa ; the 
 Swicks of Rolla, Mo. ; the Lodges of Emmaville, Pa. ; 
 the Rohms of Bellmore, Ind. ; the Hoops of Harrison- 
 ville, and the Alexanders of Hopewell, Pa. ; the Linns 
 of Basin City, Wyoming; the Hennings of Julesburg, 
 Col. ; the Linns of Derby, Iowa ; the Hillards of Kendale, 
 Montana; the Rubles of Shele, Wyoming; the Means of 
 Marcus, Iowa ; the Linns of Jupiter and Letcher, Cal., 
 and Altoona, Pa.; the Diggins of Altoona; the Linns 
 and Coles of Newton, Mo.; the Linns of Ravanna, the 
 Grays of Moberly, and the Hunters of Princeton, Mo. ; 
 the Linns of Concordia, Kansas, and of Dow and Bixby, 
 I. T. ; the Wallaces of Bunker Hill, Healy and Success, 
 Kansas, and of Fowler, Cal. ; the Nelsons of Success, 
 Kansas; the Kelleys and Wybles of Mifflin, the Cohills 
 of Lewistown, Tyrone and Osceola Mills, and the Weav- 
 ers of Saltillo, Pa. ; the Widneys, McClanahans and Wil- 
 sons of Cherry Fork, O. ; the Bowdens, Cisneys and 
 Rocks of New Paris, the Cisneys of Burnt Cabins, and 
 the Cromers of Hiram, Pa. ; the Widneys and Greenes 
 of Lyndon, Kansas ; the Books of Shade Valley and 
 Blain, Pa.; the Hecks of Lock Haven and Coudersport, 
 Pa. ; the Widneys of Fay, Okla. ; the McMaths of Blairs 
 Mills, Pa. ; the Stockbergers and Hecklers of Hedrich, 
 
78 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 the Shirks of Sutherland, the Browns of Tiffin, the 
 Bookers of Danbury and Anson, the Robinsons of Pan- 
 ama, the Bookers of Percy, the Rinks and Osbornes of 
 Shelby, Iowa ; the Forakers of McConnellsburg, Pa. ; the 
 Kilpatricks of Council Bluffs, Iowa; the Casses of Peo- 
 ria, 111. ; the Creamers of Crete, Neb. ; the Snyders of 
 Cameron, Mo. ; the Linns of Robinsonville, Pa., Fair 
 Play, Md., San Francisco, Cal., and Shaw, W. Va. ; the 
 Millers of Purcell, Pa. ; the Widneys of St. Joe Station, 
 Ind., and Hicksville, Ohio; the Kageys and Carpenters 
 of St. Joe Station ; the Hulls of Colorado Springs, Col. ; 
 the Linns of Maddensville, Shade Gap, Reeds Gap, War- 
 riors Mark and Mt. Union, Pa. ; the Seilhamers of Orbi- 
 sonia, and the Potts of Rock Hill, Pa. ; the Linns of South 
 Bend, Cosmopolis and Arctic, Washington, and of Glen- 
 wood, Iowa; the Gotters of Scranton, Iowa, and Rose- 
 burg, Oregon ; the Farrs and Sanfords of Bartlett, Neb. ; 
 the Dwyers of Centralia, and the Dews of Arctic, Wash- 
 ington ; the Davises of Lindon, Iowa ; the Sanfords of 
 Ericson, Neb.; the McCullochs of Wilton, N. D. ; the 
 Gowlings of San Pedro, Cal. ; the Weights of Nishna- 
 botna, Mo. ; the Taylors of Bruel, Neb., and Huston- 
 town, Pa. ; and the Browns of Maddensville, Pa. 
 
 William Linn, second child of Hugh Linn, who, as 
 we have seen in Chapter V, was left in Ireland at the time 
 of the emigration of Hugh Linn, had two children, who 
 came to America in 1842. One of them, who had mar- 
 ried in Ireland Mary Chadwick, has among his descend- 
 ants the Linns and Adamses of Philadelphia, Pa. ; the 
 Linns of Washington, D. C, of Rochester and Buffalo, 
 N. Y., and of Nice, France. 
 
DISPERSION OF THE LINNS. 79 
 
 Mary Linn, third child of Hugh Linn, who as a little 
 tot of six years had emigrated with her parents to 
 America, developed into a modest, blushing maiden, and 
 gave her hand and heart to a neighbor lad, George 
 Loughridge. They, too, settled nearby, and soon another 
 family was launched on life's tumultuous sea. Three of 
 their children died young, and today seven children and 
 adults of the Loughridge family, indicated by as many 
 mounds, are sleeping side by side in the village cemetery 
 at Concord, reminding us of the beautiful stanzas by 
 Wadsworth, "We Are Seven." George Loughridge and 
 four surviving children moved toward the Southland, fol- 
 lowing the West Conococheague in its sinuous course 
 near to the Potomac at Boonesboro, Md. ; and their de- 
 scendants today are found in the Loughridges of Phila- 
 delphia, the Smiths of Chambersburg, the Barkers of 
 Llanerch and Ashbourne, Pa. ; the Neills of Hagerstown, 
 Md. ; the Woodburys of Alaska ; and the Folwells of Mt. 
 Holly, N.J. 
 
 Hugh Linn 2d, at the age of twenty-three wooed and 
 won the heart of Ann Widney, daughter of James Wid- 
 ney, the eldest of the Widney family in America. They 
 set up housekeeping in Path Valley, on one of James 
 Widney's farms, now owned by the Robertson family, 
 and on the site of the present house, a half mile south of 
 Concord, their first born, James Widney Linn, saw the 
 light in September, 1809. To them were born eleven 
 children, whose descendants are found in the Linns of 
 Bryn Mawr, Pa. ; the Henrys of Harmon and Polo, 111. ; 
 the Henrys and Campbells of Edgerton, and the Henrys 
 and Stevensons of Wellsville, Kansas; the Woolhisers, 
 
8o THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Liboldts and Ogdens of Mills, and the Wyatts of Spring- 
 view, Neb. ; the Taylors and Stolps of Chicago ; the Wid- 
 neys and Finleys of Concord, Pa. ; the Frazers of Shelby, 
 Iowa; the Taylors of Eugene City, Oregon, and of 
 Savanna and Joliet, 111. ; the Cogswells of Boone, Iowa ; 
 the Loughridges of West Side, Iowa, of Cotter and 
 Chisimville, Arkansas, and of Alderson, I. T., the Sin- 
 clairs of Stephen, Minn. ; the Woolhisers of West Side, 
 Iowa ; the Marshes of Omaha, Neb. ; the Mallettes of 
 Lake City, Iowa ; the Williamses of Shawnee, Okla. ; the 
 Pattersons of Alderson, I. T. ; the Dysarts and Brene- 
 mans of Bellwood, Pa. ; the Linns of Long Beach, Cal., 
 of El Dorado, Kansas, of Denver, Col., and of Carroll, 
 Neb. ; the Smiths of Edgewater, Col. ; the Blooms and 
 Winters of Las Vegas, New Mexico ; the Typers of Polo, 
 111. ; the Sanfords, Sandys and Ernests of Rolfe, Iowa ; 
 the Typers of Hampton, Iowa, Neceda, Wis., and Wheat- 
 land, Wyoming. 
 
 Sarah Linn, in her teens, found a mate in Samuel 
 Campbell, but her married life was brief and she died 
 childless in 1812. 
 
 Margaret, the next oldest child, married Benjamin V. 
 Scyoc. They made a home near her parents and reared 
 a family of seven children, one dying in infancy. Some 
 of their children continued to reside in the neighborhood 
 until near the close of the last century, and some of their 
 descendants are still found there. Others are found 
 throughout Pennsylvania, and in New York State, but 
 we have not been able to trace the various members of 
 this family. Letters of inquiry sent to some of them 
 have met with no response. 
 
DISPERSION OF THE LINNS. 81 
 
 James Linn, seventh child of Hugh Linn, on return- 
 ing from the War of 1812, married in 181 5 Nancy 
 Booher, and has descendants as follows : The Linns and 
 Sells of Table, Neb. ; the Hollars of Winchester, Va. ; the 
 Bringolfs of Tacoma, Washington ; the Linns of Pierce 
 City, Mo. ; the Hattons of Sidney, Iowa ; the Robertsons 
 of Diller, Neb. ; the Linns of Salem, Oregon ; the Cut- 
 shalls of Shelby, Iowa; the Evanses of Emon, Washing- 
 ton; the Linns of Shelby, and the Stevenses of Han- 
 cock, Iowa ; the Linns of Howell and Rapid City, Da- 
 kota; and the Bests of Shelby, Iowa. 
 
 Jane Linn, the eighth child, fell into the toils of an- 
 other of the Campbell clan, and married Robert Camp- 
 bell in 1818. She has among her descendants the 
 Lauthers of Doylesburg, Pa. ; the McLaughlins of Ma- 
 pleton and Shelby, Iowa ; the Robertses of Lindsey, Cal. ; 
 the McLaughlins of Omaha, Neb., and Edmonton, Can- 
 ada ; the Ennises of Omaha, Neb. ; the Brattons and 
 Winegardners of Dublin Mills, the Hustons and Wag- 
 ners of Hustontown, the Hurleys of Lewistown, and the 
 Graceys of Gracey, Pa. ; the Buckleys of Mapleton and 
 Animosa, Iowa; and the Campbells of Mineral De O'- 
 Campo, Mexico. 
 
 Ann, or Nancy, as was the old-time familiar term of 
 endearment, youngest child of Hugh Linn, married, in 
 1820, Hugh Wallace, who was born in Glen Crew, Ire- 
 land, and has as descendants the Chases of Talmadge 
 and Solomon, the Whitneys of Niles, and the Wallaces 
 of Abilene and Junction City, Kansas; the Ewings of 
 McConnellsburg and Harrisonville, and the Tinniffs of 
 McConnellsburg, Pa. ; the Devenneys of Dwight, Kan- 
 
&z THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 sas, Coger, Okla., and Ponca, I. T. ; the Traceys of Cox, 
 Okla. ; the Wallaces of Concord, and the Shearers of 
 Spring Run, Pa. 
 
 The first decade of the last century had just been 
 numbered when the sable-winged messenger of death 
 hovered over the home of Hugh Linn. That saddest 
 hour in the history of a man's life came to him when 
 she, who for a third of a century had walked by his side, 
 who had borne and nursed his children, who had made 
 for him more than all else could that which men call 
 home, felt the chill of approaching death. But she had 
 done her duty nobly and well, and she, who had never 
 known defeat in the struggle of life, acknowledged in 
 1810 the supremacy of our universal foe, but could truly 
 say, "O death where is thy sting, O grave where is thy 
 victory." In 181 5, five years later, Hugh Linn obeyed 
 the same summons and was laid by the side of his com- 
 panion in the little village cemetery. Today their last 
 resting places are marked by the same columns of moun- 
 tain sandstone, which were placed there ninety years ago, 
 containing name and date of decease of each. In the 
 quiet and simplicity of that beautiful spot, over which 
 wave the fronds of mountain pine, they rest in peace 
 until Gabriel's trump shall summon them to a higher 
 life. 
 
CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Stye Abatttottri* §>iie of % ©lb if ome ztmb 
 
 "For we are the same our fathers have been, 
 We see the same sights our fathers have seen, 
 We drink the same stream and view the same sun, 
 And run the same course our fathers have run. 
 
 They died! ay they died; we, things that are now, 
 
 That walk on the turf that lies over their brow, 
 
 And make in their dwellings a transient abode, 
 
 Meet the things that they met on their pilgrimage road." — Knox. 
 
 A FEW of the principal events in the history of our 
 family have been briefly sketched, its adopted 
 locality in the New World described, its early struggles 
 in pioneer life detailed, some of the family characteris- 
 tics alluded to and its dispersion given. By the corre- 
 spondence which has taken place during the last year and 
 a half, individual families have added stone after stone 
 to the monumental cairn, a twig or branch to the ances- 
 tral tree, a contribution to the sum total of family rec- 
 ords from the time of the emigration down to the year 
 1905, as seen in the genealogical records and biographi- 
 cal sketches which follow. Our task is in a measure 
 finished, though not perfected, for we regret the failure 
 of some to answer the family roll call, and we are now 
 almost ready to say to each other Adieu. 
 
 Let us, however, before parting, gather for a few mo- 
 ments by that beautiful spring where Hugh Linn estab- 
 lished a home in 1788. Its waters still leap swiftly forth 
 
 83 
 
84 . THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 like a released prisoner, impatient of restraint, dancing 
 for very gladness, singing the song of liberty, sparkling 
 in the sunlight, and rippling over their pebbly path as 
 if striving to emulate the "Falls of Lodore" in their 
 journey to the valley below. The birds too sing the 
 songs of yore in the treetops overhead, and ever and 
 anon drop airily downward into the stream, dipping 
 their plumage into its perennial freshness, ruffling again 
 and again their wealth of down and feather, and perch on 
 bush or tree to preen their multi-colored garb. Wild 
 flowers here and there gaze upon us as if in wonder that 
 so many strangers have invaded their quiet haunts. 
 
 See ! here is a flower that speaks volumes to us, for it 
 was long ago cultivated by hands now turned to dust. 
 It marks the site of the original cabin. Year after year 
 for generations it has lived 
 
 "to blush unseen, 
 And waste its fragrance on the desert air." 
 
 for no human habitation nor voice is near. It is the 
 "Blue Flag" (Fleur-de-lis), its tongue eloquently pro- 
 claiming the care and watchfulness of the Great Father, 
 who has preserved it all these years since our common 
 ancestor gave it a place beneath the windows of his forest 
 home. "Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow ; 
 they toil not, neither do they spin ; and yet I say unto 
 you that even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed 
 like one of these." 
 
 Is there any hidden mystery surrounding the preser- 
 vation of these lonely emblems of a home long since 
 
ABANDONED HOMESTEAD VISITED. 85 
 
 broken up? Can it be that the fairies have watered by 
 night and guarded by day these reminders of the Lares 
 and Penates, the household gods of the departed Linns? 
 Have they been thus preserved to recall to us their pos- 
 terity, the "Blue Bells," and heather-covered moors of 
 Scotland, the home for untold generations of our sires? 
 But the time wanes and we must go hence. Let us 
 visit the little village burial ground, where so many of 
 our kin sleep the sleep that knows no waking. Donated 
 by James Widney, brother of Sarah ( Widney) Linn, more 
 than a hundred years ago for cemetery purposes, it stands 
 upon an elevation fitted by beauty of situation and na- 
 tural advantages for the mausoleum of the greatest of 
 the world's heroes or sages. What thoughts come troop- 
 ing through the vista of memory marshaled by a myriad 
 of associations ! These granite and marble shafts speak 
 to us with an eloquence not born of this world. True, 
 they tell us that here are deposited, beneath these ancient 
 pine trees, all that remains of those who were once dearer 
 to us than life itself. But with a still small voice, like 
 the music of the spheres, not heard by those whose ears 
 are unattuned to their speech, they summon us to noble 
 conceptions of life, to heroic ambitions, to hallowed aspi- 
 rations. 
 
 Hugh Linn stands before us, clothed in flesh, and the 
 eye which once glowed with a saintly life inspires us 
 with a new and holier energy. Like a panorama the 
 deeds of our forefathers, focused in this place, flash upon 
 our vision, and we say from our heart of hearts, may 
 our lives never disgrace the record they set before us. 
 
86 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 With uncovered heads and moistened eyes, we look upon 
 these mounds, and repeat the prayer of the ancient Latin 
 church liturgy: 
 
 " ?Rrqm*m Artmtam Sana lEte, Dmttitt*." 
 
 (Give to them, O God, eternal rest.) 
 
 The soft, sweet voice which sung for us a lullaby, 
 The love-lit eyes which wept at suffering's cry, 
 The heaving bosom where secure we safely guarded lay, 
 Like peaceful fleeting dreams have sadly passed away. 
 
 Our fathers, sleeping, lie beneath the grassy sod, 
 While to the rising sun the fragrant flowerets nod; 
 Their low arched roofs the creeping vines entwine, 
 Their requiem plaintive sung by incense laden pine. 
 
 At evening shade the sooty cricket strings his strident lyre, 
 The humble glow worm trims again her vesper fire, 
 The plunging night hawk shrieks from circling path o'erhead, 
 Fit comrades in the night watch for the lowly dead. 
 
 Sleep on, unmoved by labor's din or martial drum, 
 While sentried serried stars their ceaseless cycles run, 
 Till Gabriel stand one foot on sea and one on land, 
 Earth's waiting, wearied, sleeping millions to command. 
 
 One look more and we part forever. Near us is the 
 mansion built by James Widney, and before us, across 
 the Tuscarora Creek, are the lands once tilled by Hugh 
 Linn 2d, all hallowed to their posterity. Behind us is the 
 "Round Top," one of the ranges of the beautiful Blue 
 Mountains ; to our right is "The Knob," a thousand 
 feet above us, guarding, sentinel like, the place on which 
 we stand ; in front is the Tuscarora Mountain, all over- 
 looking the valley ; while nestled in the vale at our feet, 
 
ABANDONED HOMESTEAD VISITED. 87 
 
 is the little village of Concord, the site of so many of our 
 early family activities. Tis a quiet village, giving little 
 indication that at one time it was a centre of life and in- 
 dustry, which has been a stranger to it for half a cen- 
 tury. That great artery of modern life, the railway, 
 which has built so many towns and cities, has sapped its 
 vitality, crippled its industries and blasted its former 
 enterprise. Thus has it been stranded upon the shoals 
 of life's sea; but the beauty of its environment still re- 
 mains, save in so far as the axe of the ruthless and un- 
 sentimental woodman has devastated its hill crests and 
 mountain slopes. 
 
 We venerate it for what it was, we love it for what it 
 still retains of kinship and friendship, and though Icha- 
 bod seems written over its portals, we are not without 
 hope that a renaissance may brighten its history, that the 
 dawn of a new era may dispel the clouds, and that it 
 may rise Phoenix-like into a new and better life. We 
 cannot and shall not forget it, and hesitate to depart, but 
 the duties of life call to us from far and near, and much 
 as affection urges us to remain, we must say 
 
 Farewell, a long farewell, ye stately mountains old, 
 Whose towering peaks by matin light are tipped with gold ; 
 Where carved and spreading beech, and clinging, clustering vine, 
 Rehearse anew the Arcadian loves of auld lang syne. 
 
 Upon thy heights the Storm King forges lances keen, 
 His anvil's thundering roar awakening every glen ; 
 He there from lurid darkening cloud a draft distills 
 For thirsty man and beast, and for the rippling rills. 
 
88 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Thy hoary heads and beetling brows the clouds encloak, 
 Thy sides are belted round by sturdy mountain oak; 
 Thy limbs are swathed by fields of living green, 
 Thy feet are gently laved by swift but limpid stream. 
 
 Farewell, thou village nestled in the narrow vale, 
 Pilfered by man from turkey wild and piping quail ; 
 May peace and concord guard secure each quiet home, 
 While we, thy restless, truant sons, the wide world roam. 
 
 Farewell, ye faithful friends of kindred clans, 
 Who oft have greeted us with open generous hands ; 
 May heaven's benediction on you daily rest, 
 And every heart accept the King of kings as guest. 
 
 W Slt|0u ifntimtr ODnr, mtya irnirllrat in nttjatrrn, 
 intnrnrtrablr to mortals, tttr aamr bring gratrr- 
 nag, tooag ann fnrrnrr, tn rotjnm a iljnuaano urara 
 arr but aa a ntatrlj in tfyr ninljt, trarlj na tn rrnrrrnrr 
 Gtynarlf, anb uitjrn nnr frta flrrting urara arr past, 
 bring ua tn tljat rrat totjtrtj rrmainrtl| fnr ilju 
 nrnnlr. Amrn. 
 
PART II. 
 
 GENEALOGY OF 
 THE LINN 
 AND 
 RELATED FAMILIES 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 SECTION I. 
 First Generation in America 95 
 
 SECTION II. 
 Family of Hugh Linn and Sarah Widney 97 
 
 SECTION III. 
 Family of John Linn and Jane Scyoc 99 
 
 Descendants of Charles Linn and Martha Snyder 100 
 
 " Martha Linn and William Widney 104 
 
 " " Sarah Linn and John Snyder 107 
 
 " " Hugh Linn and Mary Saylor m 
 
 " " Jane Linn and John P. Widney 112 
 
 " " John Linn and Eliza Rouse 113 
 
 *• " James Linn and Hannah Roberts 114 
 
 «' " Eliza Linn and William Taylor 117 
 
 SECTION IV. 
 Family of William Linn and U9 
 
 Descendants of Hugh Linn and Mary Chadwick 120 
 
 SECTION V. 
 Family of Mary Linn and George Loughridge 121 
 
 Descendants of Abraham Loughridge and Margaret Linn. 122 
 " " William Loughridge and Rachel Eavy.. 122 
 
 SECTION VI. 
 
 Family of Hugh Linn 2d and Ann Widney 125 
 
 Descendants of James Widney Linn and Mary Wilds 126 
 
 " Sarah Ann Linn and Samuel Henry 126 
 
 " Mary Linn and Samuel Booker 127 
 
 " Jane Linn and A. Jackson Taylor 127 
 
 " Margaret Linn and Abraham Loughridge 129 
 
 " Alexander E. Linn and Matilda Shaver. 130 
 
 " Arabella M. Linn and Wm. M. Bloom. 131 
 
 " Eleanor Pomeroy Linn and Wm. Typer. 132 
 
SECTION VII. 
 Family of James Linn and Nancy Booher. 
 
 PAGE 
 133 
 
 Descendants of Casper B. Linn and Elizabeth Lauthers. . 134 
 
 " " James. W. Linn and Sarah Chilcoat 134 
 
 " " Jane Linn and Charles W. Evans 135 
 
 " " Hugh Linn and Carrie Feight 13S 
 
 " " Samuel B. Linn and Jane G. Keagy 13s 
 
 " " Jacob B. Linn and Hester A. Chilcoat.. 136 
 
 SECTION VIII. 
 Family of Jane Linn and Robert Campbell 137 
 
 Descendants of James Campbell and Eliza Gilliland. . . . 138 
 
 " Ann Eliza Campbell and John Hay.. 138 
 
 " " Martha Campbell and Chas. McLaughlin. 138 
 
 " " Mary Jane Campbell and Isaac Bratton. 139 
 
 " " Nancy W. Campbell and Wm. Buckley. . 140 
 
 " John Campbell and Catherine H. Cook. . 140 
 
 SECTION IX. 
 Family of Nancy Linn and Hugh Wallace 141 
 
 Descendants of John Wallace and Elizabeth Berry 142 
 
 " " Mary Ann Wallace and William Ewing. 142 
 
 *' " Margaret Jane Wallace and G. 
 
 W. Devenney 143 
 
 " " Hugh Wallace and Sarah Ann Stake 143 
 
It is much to be regretted that the older records of 
 the Linn family, which were left behind when our branch 
 of that family came from the Old World, have been lost. 
 Every effort made to find them has resulted in disappoint- 
 ment. As they are not obtainable, we shall speak of 
 Hugh Linn, born in 1753, as a member of the first gen- 
 eration. 
 
 The records which follow have been placed in chro- 
 nological order and are as complete as the compiler has 
 been able to make them. No effort has been spared to 
 reach every member of the Linn family and to include 
 in the genealogy all their descendants known under other 
 names down to great-grandchildren. Several of the re- 
 lated families failed to respond to the invitation to a 
 family reunion, and we regret the deficiencies in the gen- 
 ealogical record due to that cause. Some in forwarding 
 records inadvertently left omissions which time did not 
 permit us to supply. Difficulty has been found in some 
 cases in deciphering manuscripts, given names particu- 
 larly, and the compiler must beg pardon for any errors 
 in the text. 
 
 The eye of the professional genealogist will at once 
 note and perhaps criticize the fact that we have discarded 
 the routine method used in displaying data. The num- 
 ber designating the individual and that giving his genera- 
 tion, the words born and died, the days and months of 
 birth and death, and the place of birth, death and burial, 
 as well as all personal remarks have been excluded from 
 
 93 
 
94 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 the body of the genealogy. These items have not been 
 deemed of sufficient importance to the family at large 
 as to warrant their inclusion, and can readily be supplied 
 by individual families, while their introduction would 
 greatly augment the size and expense of the book. 
 
 A SECTION has been assigned to each family of the 
 second generation, and the descendants of each mem- 
 ber of the third generation in that family have been 
 given under separate captions. In this manner there 
 need be no difficulty in designating the generation to 
 which anyone belongs. 
 
 The P. O. addresses of all heads of families and adults 
 have been given in order to facilitate communication 
 among the various branches of the family, thus furnish- 
 ing an opportunity to those long and widely separated 
 for quickening the ties of kinship. 
 
 G. W. L. 
 
SECTION I. 
 
 3ffirat <8*n*ratum Ut America. 
 
 HUGH LINN 1753-1 815.... married 1777 
 
 Sarah Widney 1757-1810 
 

 SECTION II. 
 
 family nf 5[w$ Sttttt attfc §>aralf Utimwj. 
 
 JOHN LINN 1778- 1845 • • • -married 1802 
 
 Jane Scyoc 1780-1854 
 
 WILLIAM LINN 1780-18—. . ..married 18— 
 
 MARY LINN 1782-1826. . . .married 1812 
 
 George Loughridge 17 — 1831 
 
 HUGH LINN 2d 1785-1870. . ..married 1808 
 
 Ann Widney 1785-1865 
 
 SARAH LINN 1788-1812. . ..married 1810 
 
 Samuel Campbell 
 
 MARGARET LINN 1 790-1 870. . ..married 1816 
 
 Benjamin V. Scyoc 
 
 JAMES LINN 1 792- 1 848.... married 1815 
 
 Nancy Booher 1798-1877 
 
 JANE LINN 1795-1842. . ..married 1818 
 
 Robert Campbell 1798- 1880 
 
 NANCY LINN 1801-1868. . . .married 1820 
 
 Hugh Wallace 1778- 1854 
 
 97 
 

 SECTION III. 
 
 3f amtlg of 3atyn Etttn unb Mm £>t#at. 
 
 CHARLES LINN 1803- 1876. ...married 1824 
 
 Martha Snyder 1803-1856 married 1857 
 
 Sophia Cornell 
 
 MARTHA LINN 1805-1888. ...married 1826 
 
 William Widney 
 
 SARAH LINN 1806-1892. ...married 1825 
 
 John Snyder 1800-1878 
 
 HUGH LINN 1808-1881 .... married 1837 
 
 Mary Saylor 1814-1892 
 
 MARY LINN 1810-18— . . ..married 18— 
 
 Harmon Hockenberry 
 
 MARGARET LINN 1812-18— . . ..married 18— 
 
 Henry Hockenberry 
 
 JANE LINN 181 5- 185 1.... married 1835 
 
 John P. Widney 1816-1905 
 
 JOHN LINN 1818-1885.... married 1842 
 
 Eliza Jane Rouse 1821-1891 
 
 JAMES LINN 1820-1904 married 1841 
 
 Hannah Roberts 1821-1904 
 
 ELIZA LINN 1822 .... married 1846 
 
 William Taylor 18 14- 1892 
 
 Hustontown, Pa. 
 LOFC. 
 
 99 
 
ioo THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF CHARLES LINN 
 AND MARTHA SNYDER. 
 
 JOHN L. LINN, 1825-1856, married, 1848, Harriet 
 Lodge, (now of Bell wood, Pa., and married to D. G. Du- 
 vall). Two children, Aquila M. Linn, 1849-1854. — 
 Mary C. Linn, 1852, married 1878 to Frank Heeter, of 
 Kewanee, 111. Five children, Anna Blanche Heeter 1880. 
 —Mamie O. Heeter 1882.— Hale Heeter 1888-1889.— 
 Alta L. Heeter 1890. — Alice L. Heeter 1894. 
 
 SUSAN LINN, 1827-1870, married, 1848, Nathan 
 Morris, who died 1862. Seven children, Cambridge G. 
 Morris, 1849-1852. — Margaret C. Morris, 1851-1869. 
 — Martha H. Morris, 1853-1883, married, 1876, J. C. 
 Chapman. — Charles Wesley Morris, of Cambria, 
 Iowa, 1855, married, 1882, Dora Miller, and has one 
 child, Anna Mazelli, 1886. — Benjamin S. Morris, of 
 Derby, Iowa, 1857, married, 1887, Sarah F. Thockmor- 
 ton. — Annabell Morris, of Rolla, Mo., 1859, married, 
 1880, James L. Swick, and had three children, Jessie, 
 1881-1892, Robert W., of Rolla, Mo., 1886, Otis, 1905 — 
 Robert E. Lee Morris, of Derby, Iowa, 1863, married, 
 1886, Flora A. Pollard. Five children, Otis W., 1887, 
 Lloyd H., 1889, Olive May, 1892, Lena Roberta, 1895, 
 Howard, 1898- 1899. 
 
 CATHERINE LINN, 1829-1897, married, 1852, 7o- 
 zabed Lodge, of Emmaville, Penna. — Seven children, 
 Julian Lodge, married, 1874, D. F. Rohm, of Bellmore, 
 Indiana. — Seven children, William J., 1875-1881, Jessie 
 L., 1878, Catherine, 1880- 1881, Grace, 1883, Blanche, 
 1886-1892, Mary, 1888, Laura, 1894. — Martha A. 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 101 
 
 Lodge, 1855, married, 1887, William Hoop, of Harrison- 
 ville, Pa., and has two children, Katherine, 1889, and 
 John, 1892. — E. M. Lodge, 1858, married, 1894, William 
 Alexander, of Hopewell, Pa., and has three children, 
 Irvin Smith, 1895, Raymond, 1897, and William McKin- 
 ley, 1898. — Cooper Lodge, of Galesburg, 111., 1862. — 
 Henry Lodge, 1865. — Laura Lodge, 1868, and George 
 Lodge, 1872, all of Emmaville, Pa. 
 
 SIMON P. LINN, 1832-1891, married, 1850, Clarissa 
 Akers, 1829-1880. Ten children, Jesse L. Linn, of Basin 
 City, Wyoming, 1852, married, 1875, Jennie Murray, and 
 has eight children. Deelte P. Linn, 1876, married, 1895, 
 to Clarence Hening, of Julesburg, Col., and has three 
 children, Robert, 1896, Mary, 1903, John, 1905. — John 
 L. Linn, 1878. — Clarissa M. Linn, of Derby, Iowa, 1880. 
 — Maud L. Linn, 1882, married, 1897, to Lee Hillard, of 
 Kendale, Montana, and has four children, Fay, 1898, 
 Velma, 1899, Opal, 1901, Jessie, 1903. — Adaline Linn, 
 1884, married, 1903, to Harry Ruble, of Shele, Wyom- 
 ing, and has three children, Mary and Clarissa (twins), 
 1903, and Verna, 1905. — Jesse D. Linn, 1886. — Lizzie 
 Linn, 1888. — Simon P. Linn, 1895. — Amos A. Linn, of 
 Bixby, I. T., 1854, married, 1880, Mary A. Onstot. Nine 
 children. Infant child, 1881-1881, Cyrus E. Linn, 1882, 
 Grace Linn, 1884-1886, Minta Maude Linn, 1886, Davis 
 Henry Linn, 1889, Hattie Belle Linn, 1891, Lizzie May 
 Linn, 1893, John Potter Linn, 1895, Floyd McKinley 
 Linn, 1898. — Chalmers Armstrong Linn, of Concor- 
 dia, Kansas, 1856, married, 1880, Alice Morgan. Seven 
 children, Alfred L. Linn, 1881, Francis M. Linn, 1884, 
 Chloe R. Linn, 1886, David E. Linn, 1889-1889, Lura M. 
 
102 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Linn, 1891, Leo C. Linn, 1895, Illo L. Linn, 1899. — 
 Ezekiel Linn, 1854-1861. — Asa James Linn, 1860- 
 1873. — Minnie E. Linn, 1864-1896, married, 1883, 
 David Henderson, of Concordia, Kansas. Three chil- 
 dren, Alexander D., 1884, Simon P., 1886, and Clarissa 
 J., 1890. — Martha Winifred Linn, 1867, married, 
 1884, Jerry Raymond, of Bixby, I. T. Five children, 
 Cora Edith, 1885, married, 1905, F. C. Lindsey, Charles 
 Eugene, 1890, Ella Ruth, 1892, David Luther, 1895, 
 Rachel, 1899. — Rachel A. Linn, 1870- 1877, and 
 Charles H. Linn, 1870 (twins), of Dow, I. T. — Clar- 
 issa M. Linn, 1874-1877. 
 
 HUGH E. LINN, 1835-1891, married, 1858, Kate 
 Vanstein, of Eighth avenue, Altoona, Pa. — Five chil- 
 dren, Martha Jane Linn, 1859, married, 1883, Jesse 
 F. Means, of Marcus, Iowa, nine children, Deborah, 
 1883, Mary Gertrude, 1885, Jesse Clifton, 1887, Louisa 
 Pearl, 1888, Cora Lee, 1891, Silas Clay, 1895, Frances 
 Virginia, 1897, Judie Marie, 1899, Louis Windle, 1903. — 
 George B. Linn, of Jupiter, Tuolumne County, Cal., 
 1862. — Son, 1864-1864. — James Harry Linn, of 
 Eighth street, Altoona, Pa., 1866, married, 1901, Mrs. 
 Maggie A. Gilliland, and has three step-children, Mary 
 C, 1891, Iona, 1894, James O., 1897. — Mary Gertrude 
 Linn, 1871, married, 1892, Simpson J. Diggins, of Eighth 
 avenue, Altoona, Pa., two children, Harry Linn, 1893, 
 and Hugh E., 1896. 
 
 HENRY LINN, 1838-1893, married, 1868, Rebecca 
 Burd, 1848-1885. — Eight children, Simon Frazier Linn, 
 of Newton, Mo., 1869, married, 1890, Matilda Drake. — 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 103 
 
 Alice Margaret Linn, 1871, married, 1893, Frank 
 Cole, of Newton, Mo., five chidren, Lillie, 1895, Simon 
 C, 1896, Albert, 1898, Ivan, 1901, Vernon, 1904. — Hes- 
 ter Lilly Linn, 1873, oi Derby, Iowa. — Minnie Belle 
 Linn, 1875-1894, married, 1893, John Andrews. — 
 Thomas Estle Linn, of Ravanna, Mo., 1877, married, 
 1898, Bertha May Swan, two children, Eldon, 1900-1901, 
 and Dale, 1902. — Laura May Linn, 1880, married 
 Charles Gray, of Moberly, Mo. — Nellie Edith Linn, 
 1883, married J. Hunter, of Princeton, Mo. — Ethel 
 Rebecca Linn, 1885, of Newton, Mo. 
 
 AMOS LINN, of Letcher, Fresno County, Cal., 1840, 
 married, 1863, Jane Wallace, and has two children, 
 Carrie Sophia Linn, 1863, and Henry Girvin Linn, 
 1869. 
 
 MARTHA LINN, 1843, married, 1864, Wilson Wal- 
 lace, of Bunker Hill, Kansas. — Nine children, William 
 R. Wallace, of Healey, Kansas, 1865, married, 1890, 
 Delia F. Maynard, and has seven children, Harry L., 
 1891, Charles A., 1893, Christina M., 1895, Edith C, 
 1897, Margaretta A., 1899, Sadie M., 1902, Goldina C, 
 1904. — Charles L. Wallace, of Success, Kansas, 1867, 
 married, 1901, Mary A. Nelson, and has two children, 
 George W., 1903, and Richard T., 1904. — George W. 
 Wallace, of Fowler, Cal., 1870, married, 1894, Emma 
 Sells. — John M. Wallace, of Bunker Hill, 1872, mar- 
 ried, 1895, Stella O. Burns, and has four children, Ernest 
 M., 1897, Violet R., 1898, Martha E., 1899, Ray, 1904. — 
 Frank D. Wallace, of Bunker Hill, 1874, married, 
 1901, Dora A. Warner, and has two children, Nelson W., 
 
104 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 1902, and Jennie, 1905. — Mary C. Wallace, 1876-1876. 
 —Henry Wallace, of Bunker Hill, 1878. — Mary A. 
 Wallace, 1881, married, 1901, Nels J. Nelson, of Suc- 
 cess, Kansas, and has two children, Clara A., 1902, and 
 Wilson F., 1905. — Kate M. Wallace, of Bunker Hill, 
 1884. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARTHA LINN AND 
 WILLIAM WIDNEY. 
 
 JANE WIDNEY, 1827-1896, married, 1846, John 
 Kelley, of Mifflin, Pa. — Seven children, Martha M. 
 Kelley, 1 846- 1 846. — Margaret D. Kelley, 1847, mar- 
 ried, 1868, William Henry Cisney, of Tyrone, Pa., and 
 had eight children, Sarah J., 1869, John Alfred, 1870, 
 George Whitefield, 1872, Lucinda Linn, 1875, Thomas 
 Emmett, 1877, Nannie G., 1879-1880, Elizabeth Belle, 
 1 88 1, and Samuel Widney, 1885. — Ann Elizabeth Kel- 
 ley, 1849-1890, married, 1872, George W. Wyble, of 
 Mifflin, Pa., and had five children, William, 1872, Emma 
 Jane, 1875, Harry K., 1878, Charles Z., 1882, Elmore 
 Cisney, 1885. — George W. Kelley, 185 i, married, 1875, 
 Alice Collier, and had five children, Harry Linn, 1877, 
 Clara Jane, 1879-1881, Maggie May, 1883-1883, George 
 Albert, 1885, Bertha N., 1890. — John Widney Kelley, 
 of Mifflin, Pa., 1853, married, 1880, Ellen C. Kauffman, 
 and had three children, Lulu May, 1881, Mary Jane, 
 1886, and Anna E., 1888. — William Alexander Kel- 
 ley, of Mifflin, Pa., 1856, married, 1881, Sallie E. Birch- 
 field. — Samuel Linn Kelley, of Mifflin, Pa., 1858, 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 105 
 
 married, 1879, Matilda J. Bell, and has one child, John 
 Wesley, 1879. 
 
 MARGARET WIDNEY, 1829, married, 185 1, George 
 W. Cohill, Lewistown, Pa. — Seven children, Amanda 
 Bell Cohill, 1852. — John Wesley Cohill, 1854. — 
 William Leonard Cohill, of Tyrone, Pa., 1856, mar- 
 ried Fairy Huston, and had one child, Lillian, 1888. — 
 Rachel Jane Cohill, 1858, married, 1883, William Ed- 
 ward Finley, two children, Oris Claude, 1885, and Ed- 
 ward Max, 1895. — Martha Linn Cohill, i860, mar- 
 ried, 1882, Henry Theodore Weaver, of Saltillo, Pa., 
 four children, Harold Guy, 1883, Ethel Gertrude, 1885, 
 Edgar, 1890, and Lillian Marie, 1895. — George P. W. 
 Cohill, of Osceola Mills, Pa., 1862, married, 1883, Ida 
 Free, six children, Mabel Esther, 1884, Edna Gertrude, 
 1887, Cecil Worth, 1890, Margaret Jeannette, 1895, Mil- 
 lie Satitia, 1900, Fairy Amanda, 1902. — Samuel Edgar 
 Cohill, 1868. 
 
 JOHN WIDNEY, 1831-1904, married, 1856, Susan 
 Kauffman, of Cherry Fork, Ohio. Six children,WiLLiAM 
 J. Widney, 1857-1858. — Anna M. Widney, 1859, mar- 
 ried, 1896, John F. Shuster, of Geneva, Neb. — John J. 
 Widney, 1861-1863. — Luella Widney, 1865, married, 
 1887, Edwin H. Wilson, of Cherry Fork, Ohio, two chil- 
 dren, John R., 1888, Robert Mc, 1890-1902. — Emma E. 
 Widney, 1867, married, 1890, Frazier D. McClanahan, 
 of Cherry Fork, Ohio, one child, Anna L., 1896. — Nora 
 B. Widney, 1873, married, 1894, Orsin S. Blair, of Day- 
 ton, Ohio, one child, Susan K., 1902. 
 
 LUCINDA WIDNEY, married, 1857, David Cisney. 
 Five children. Sarah B. Cisney, 1858, married, 1880, 
 
io6 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Rev. William H. Bowden, New Paris, Pa., and had three 
 children, Lucinda Elverda, 1881, Claude C, 1884, Sam- 
 uel W., 1889. — Thomas McClellan Cisney, 1861, 
 married, 1884, Frances Kline, of Burnt Cabins, Pa., and 
 had six children, David Oren, 1886, Anna Ethel, 1891, 
 Edna Mildred, 1893, Charles Newton, 1895-1900, Elmer 
 Bruce, 1900, Lloyd Shumaker, 1904. — Martha Urilla 
 Cisney, 1863, married, 1900, Frederick J. Rock, of New 
 Paris, Pa., one child, George C, 1903. — Mary Etta Cis- 
 ney, 1865, married, 1889, A. J. Cromer, of Hiram, Pa., 
 and has three children, Harry Ellsworth, 1897, Nannie, 
 
 1898, Margaret, 1900. — Margaret Holmes Cisney, 
 1869. 
 
 MARTHA WIDNEY, 1836, married, 1857, William 
 H. Greene, of Lyndon, Kansas. Four children, Antha L. 
 Greene, 1858-1880. — Elmer E. Greene, 1861, married, 
 1891, Amanda J. Howell, Lyndon, Kansas, and has two 
 children, Wilena A., 1892, Helena O., 1893. — Wilbur A. 
 Greene, 1863. — Eleanor J. Greene, 1868-1872. 
 
 MARY ANN WIDNEY, 1838, married, 1863, Samuel 
 Book, of Shade Valley, Pa. Six children, Annie S. 
 Book, 1864-1870. — Ella L. Book, 1868-1870. — Edmond 
 D. Book, 1870, of Shade Valley, Pa., married Annie M. 
 Rodgers, and has three children, Eva J., 1896, Harry R., 
 
 1899, Herbert L., 1903. — William H. Book, of Blaine, 
 Pa., 1873, married, 1897, Margaret Fleming, one child, 
 Ruth, 1898. — Dr. Oscar S. W. Book, of Nepousett, 111., 
 1876. — Elva E. Book, of Shade Valley, Pa., 1883. 
 
 SAMUEL WIDNEY, of Burnt Cabins, Pa., married, 
 Belle Lauthers, who died, 18 — . Married again, 18 — , 
 Kate Yeater, one child, Martha Cornelia. 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 107 
 
 SARAH WIDNEY, 1842, married, 1865, Rev. Levi 
 G. Heck, of Lock Haven, Pa. Three children, Albert 
 Simpson Heck, of Coudersport, Pa., 1867, married, 1901, 
 Matilda Raymond, and has two children (twins), How- 
 ard Widney and Marjorie Raymond, 1902. — Ella Ger- 
 trude Heck, 1870, married, 1903, Merritt S. Adams, of 
 Watsontown, Pa. — William Widney Heck, 1875. 
 
 WILLIAM WIDNEY, of Lyndon, Kansas, 1847, 
 married, 1867, Isabella Ann Noss. Eight children, Wil- 
 liam Linn Widney, of Fay, Oklahoma, 1868, married, 
 1893, Emma Carpenter, and has five children, William, 
 Earl, Nellie, Owen and Ethel. — Dr. George Beverly 
 Widney, 1869-1899, married, 1895, Viola Van Dornstan, 
 two children, Georgiana and Theodore Worth. — Isabella 
 Coulter Widney, 1871-1886. — Annie Luella Widney, 
 1873-1893. — Samuel Mussina Widney, 1874-1880. — 
 Clara May Widney, 1876. — Dr. John T. Bland Wid- 
 ney, 1878, of Kaw City, Oklahoma. — Mary Alice Wid- 
 ney, 1884. 
 
 ELLA WIDNEY, 185 1, married, 1872, John P. Mc- 
 Math, of Blairs Mills, Pa. Three children, John S. Mc- 
 Math, of Blairs Mills, Pa., 1873, married, 1897, Bessie 
 Robertson, one child, Robert Dewey, 1898. — Mary Linn 
 McMath, 1878. — Robert C. McMath, 1890. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF SARAH LINN 
 AND JOHN SNYDER. 
 
 JANE SNYDER, 1826-1870, married, 1849, Aaron 
 Shore, 1819-1891. Eleven children, Amon Shore, 1850- 
 1850. — Jimison Shore, of Marsailles, Mo., married El- 
 
108 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 len Davis, and has six children, John, Mark, Avery, 
 George, Reuben and Clinton. — Lavinia Shore, 1853, 
 married, 1872, W. H. Stockberger, who died, 1879, 
 and had two children, Ollie Lee, 1874, and Valletta Alice, 
 1877, married again, 1892, H. W. Heckler, of Hedrick, 
 Iowa, one child, Bertha E., 1895. — Sarah Elizabeth 
 Shore, 1854- 1870. — Millard Fillmore Shore, 1856, 
 married Jennie McKenney, and has three children, 
 Pearl, Mabel and Echo. — Amanda Shore, 1858-1859. — 
 John Shore, 1860-1873. — Enoch Avery Shore, of Sa- 
 vanna, 111., 1862, married Melissa Clark. — Mary Jane 
 Shore, 1866-1904, married George W. Bowers, of Mead- 
 ville, Mo. — Lucretia Shore, 1866- 1866. — Viola D. 
 Shore, 1868, married Benjamin Shirk, of Sutherland, 
 Iowa, and has seven children, Hattie, Isabel, Harold, 
 Chester, Victor, Hugh, and Robert Palmer. 
 
 SUSANNAH SNYDER, of Tiffin, Iowa, 1828, mar- 
 ried, 185 1, Morris Brown. Seven children, Gilbert A. 
 Brown, 1852, married, 1888, Emma Dodd, and has four 
 children, Alvah, 1888, Ellsworth, 1891, Oscar, 1894, and 
 Lola, 1896. — Ella Jane Brown, 1854-1856. — Robert E. 
 Brown, 1856-1856. — Elizabeth Brown, 1859, married, 
 1884, C. R. Dennison, of Grand Mound, Washington, 
 and had four children, Susan, 1885, Nellie, 1887, Harry, 
 1888- 1890, Merna, 1896. — Edwin M. Brown, of Tiffin, 
 Iowa, 1861, married, 1887, Helen Cropley, and has one 
 child, Edith, 1892. — Bruce Brown, of Tiffin, Iowa, 1863, 
 married, 1890, Mary Bowers, and has seven children, 
 Glenn, 1891, Leslie, 1892, Everett, 1894, Eldon, 1897, 
 Philo, 1900, Eleanor, 1902, Bessie, 1904. — Clay Brown, 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 109 
 
 of Tiffin, Iowa, 1867, married, 1894, Emily Reeves, and 
 has three children, Paul, Gilbert and Alton. 
 
 ELIZABETH SNYDER, 1831-1878, married, 1852, 
 Samuel Booker, 1828-1864. Seven children, Walter Ben- 
 son Booker, of Danbury, Iowa, 1853, married, 1884, 
 Lulu Arkey, and has two children, Edelph, 1885, and K. 
 D., 1900. — Bower Booker, of Anson, Iowa, 1855, mar- 
 ried, 1877, Cena Dennison, and has two children, Myrtle, 
 1879, and Ray, 1882. — Blanche Booker, 1857, married, 
 
 1877, John Robinson, of Panama, Iowa, and has seven 
 children, Edward, 1879, Edna B., 1881, Pearl, 1883, 
 John, 1886, Hulda, 1888, Ruth, 1892, Hash, 1895.— John 
 Baxter Booker, of Percy, Iowa, 1859, married, 1889, 
 Ruth Harris, and has three children, Ada Blanche, 1890, 
 Elsie, 1892, Nellie, 1895. — Sarah Jane Booker, 1861, 
 married, 1881, John Rink, of Shelby, Iowa, and has six 
 children, Alfred, 1882, Robert K., 1883, Ora Esther, 
 1885, Ernest, 1887, Leslie G., 1900, Bailee, 1902— El- 
 dora Booker, 1863, married, 1882, Lemuel Osborne, of 
 Shelby, Iowa, and has two children, Floyd, 1885, and 
 Glenn, 1889. — Samuel Booker, of Danbury, Iowa, 1865, 
 married, 1889, Ella Matin, and has five children, Eva, 
 1890, Clayton, 1892, Etta, 1894, Alice, 1896, and Daisy, 
 1898. 
 
 MARTHA SNYDER, 1833-1865, married. 1853, John 
 G. Stinson,who died 1903. Five children, Sarah E. Stin- 
 son, 1854-1864. — Margaret E. Stinson, 1856, married, 
 
 1878, D. Fraker, of McConnellsburg, Pa., and has three 
 children, Vinnie M., 1878, married, 1899, A. S. Lang, 
 son born 1900. Mary E., 1881, married, 1900, Harry 
 
iio THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Isenberg, and has two children, Margaret, 1901, Paul, 
 1903, Nellie, 1887. — Isaac Stinson, 1858, married Mol- 
 lie Graham, (rive children). — Rachel V. Stinson, 1860- 
 1870. — John Wesley Stinson, 1863. 
 
 HENRY T. SNYDER, 1836-1841. 
 
 RACHEL B. SYNDER, 1839, married, 1864, William 
 M. Brown, of Shelby, Iowa. Eight children, Lillietta 
 Brown, 1865-1867. — Nannie Blanche Brown, 1866, 
 married, 1895, W. H. Kilpatrick, of Council Bluffs, Iowa, 
 and has one child, Esther, 1898. — Jeannette May 
 Brown, 1868. — William Grant Brown, of Shelby, 
 Iowa, 1871, married, 1901, Hattie Kearney, and has one 
 child, Harold, 1904. — Charles Wesley Brown, 1873. — 
 Robert Edmond Brown, of Shelby, Iowa, 1875, mar- 
 ried, 1898, Ida Maxwell, and has one child, Robert, 1901. 
 — Sarah Nellie Brown, 1877, married, 1903, Oscar 
 Best, and has one child, Lela Orphea. — Lela Adella 
 Brown, 1881, married, 1904, Ellis W. Cass, of Peoria, 
 111. 
 
 LUCINDA SNYDER, 1842, married, 1862, Levi 
 Creamer, of Crete, Neb., who died, 1877. Two children, 
 Albathetta Creamer, 1864- 1866, and George Cream- 
 er, of Crete, Neb., 1872, who married, 1897, Belle Pat- 
 terson, and has three children, Myrtle E., 1898, Elder W., 
 1900, and Harley M., 1903. 
 
 JOHN L. SNYDER, 1845-1846. 
 
 WESLEY SNYDER, of Crete, Neb., 1847. 
 
 JONATHAN K. SNYDER, of Moline, 111., 1849. 
 
 HUGH LINN SNYDER, of Cameron, Mo., 1851, 
 married Myra Dennison, 1875. Four children, Mabel 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. in 
 
 Snyder, 1878, married, 1900, Herbert M. Fuller, of St. 
 Joseph, Mo., and has two children (twins), 1901, Edith 
 May and Gladys Opal, — Marcus Arthur Snyder, of 
 Cameron, Mo., 1880, married, 1904, Myrtle Jordan. — 
 Clifton Charles Snyder, 1882. — Bertha Ellen Sny- 
 der, 1884. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF HUGH LINN 
 AND MARY SAYLOR. 
 
 JOHN S. LINN, 1838, deceased. 
 
 CHARLES LINN, 1839- 1891. 
 
 ELIZABETH LINN, 1840-1894. 
 
 LUCINDA LINN, 1842, married, 1865, to Bartley 
 Miller, of Purcell, Bedford County, Pa. 
 
 RILEY LINN, 1844, of Robinsonville, Pa. 
 
 SAMUEL LINN, 1845, deceased. 
 
 WILLIAM LINN, of San Francisco, Cal., 1847. 
 
 ALFRED LINN of Vienna X Roads Ohio 1848, mar- 
 ried 1882 Rhoda Allender. Nine children. Thomas J. 
 Linn 1882, married 1905 Edith Allender. — Grover C. 
 Linn 1884-1884. — Mary P. Linn 1885, married 1905 
 Leroy Asper. — Bessie Linn 1887-1897. — Katie Linn 
 1889-1898. — James Linn 1892-1897. — Wilson Linn 
 1896-1897. — Alfred Linn Jr. 1898. — Charlotte Linn 
 1902. 
 
 CATHERINE LINN, 1850-1894. 
 
 MASON LINN, of Robinsonville, Pa., 1852, married, 
 
 1899, Lida S. Tyson, and has two children, Mason C, 
 
 1900, and Cora E., 1902. 
 
H2 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 CAMBRIDGE LINN, 1853-1892. 
 
 MARY LINN, 1855-1890, married James Kinsey. 
 
 ALEXANDER LINN, 1858-1897. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JANE LINN 
 AND JOHN PATTERSON WIDNEY. 
 
 SAMUEL LINN WIDNEY, of St. Joe Station, In- 
 diana, 1839, married, i860, Mary A. More. Five children, 
 Marian Widney, 1861-1861. — Byron E. Widney, of 
 St. Joe Station, 1862, married, 1884, Rosetta Sethler, and 
 has one child, Edith, 1885. — Viola J. Widney, 1866, 
 married, 1895, D. L. Carpenter, of St. Joe Station, and 
 has three children, Darrel, 1896, Carroll, 1898, Paul, 
 1901. — Otto Linn Widney, of Hicksville, Ohio, 1872, 
 married, 1899, Bernice Vandegrift. — Iva Widney, 1876, 
 married, 1899, Clarence S. Hart, of St. Joe. 
 
 OLIVER HANNA WIDNEY, of St. Joe Station, 
 Indiana, 1841, married, 1864, Emily F. Maxwell. Two 
 children, H. Mervin Widney, of St. Joe, 1866, married, 
 1886, and has two children, B. Von Dale, 1888, and Doris, 
 1903. — Lenore Widney, 1881, married. 1899. Charles 
 F. Kagey, of St. Joe, and has two children, Florence, 
 1903, and G. Carlton, 1905. 
 
 MELLISSA JOANNA PATTERSON WIDNEY 
 1844-1885, married David C. Bodine, of Neodesha, Kan- 
 sas. Two children, Carrie Bodine, married Delbert Hull, 
 of Colorado Springs, Col., and has two children, How- 
 ard and Geroldine. — Grace Bodine. 
 
 CHARLES JEFFERSON WIDNEY, 1849-1869. 
 
 ANGELINE WIDNEY, 1851-1851. 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 113 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN LINN 
 AND ELIZA ROUSE. 
 
 ALEXANDER MACLAY LINN, 1843-1847. 
 
 RACHEL J. LINN, 1845, married, 1879, to David 
 Woodward, who died 1881. Married again, 1882, David 
 Seilhammer, of Orbisonia, Pa., one child, Lizzie Belle 
 Seilhammer, 1885. 
 
 JOHN ROBINSON LINN, of Maddensville, Pa., 
 
 1847. 
 
 CHARLES W. LINN, 1849-1865. 
 
 GEORGE W. LINN, of Reed's Gap, Pa., 1851, mar- 
 ried, 1882, Mary Woodward. 
 
 AMOS J. LINN, 1853, married, 1881, Belle Wood- 
 ward, both deceased. 
 
 WILLIAM J. LINN, of Shade Gap, Pa., 1855, mar- 
 ried, 1876, Laura P. Yocum. Thirteen children, Earl L. 
 Linn, of Mt. Union, Pa., 1877, married, 1898, Anna 
 Minerva Yocum, and has three children, Lawrence 
 Evans, 1899-1900, Mary Faustina, 1901-1904, Caroline 
 Elizabeth, 1904. — Eva L. Linn, 1879, married, 1897, 
 Angus Peck, of Honey Grove, Pa. — John Orvill Linn, 
 1881, married, 1900, Belle Yocum. — Benjamin O. Linn, 
 1882.— Samuel A. Linn, 1884.— Della J. Linn, 1886. 
 — Viola M. Linn, 1888, married, 1903, Rush Glunt, of 
 Altoona, Pa. — Frank Marvill Linn, 1892. — Bertha 
 Belle Linn, 1894. — James Paul Linn, 1896. — Wil- 
 liam Dewey Linn, 1898. — Robert Ray Linn, 1900. — 
 Ralph S. Linn, 1902. 
 
 DAVID A. LINN, Warrior's Mark, Pa., 1859. 
 
114 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 LAURA B. LINN, 1861, married, 1885, George A. 
 Potts, of Rockhill, Pa., and has six children, Howard 
 Melvine Potts, 1885, — Grace Elizabeth Potts, 1887, 
 — Chalmers Alexander Potts, 1890, — Robert Bruce 
 Potts, 1892, — Benjamin Franklin Potts, 1895, — and 
 Ethel Blanche Potts, 1897. 
 
 SAMUEL R. LINN, of Shade Gap, Pa., 1865, mar- 
 ried, 1885, Lucinda Renecker. Nine children, Ada R. 
 Linn, 1886, — Ethel M. Linn, 1887, — Myrtle J. Linn, 
 1 889- 1 894, — Carrie E. Linn, 1 890-1 891, — George G. 
 Linn, 1892, — Charles W. Linn, 1894, — Rosa C. Linn, 
 1898, — Herbert C. Linn, 1902, — and Grace L. Linn, 
 1904. 
 
 ISAAC McKENDREE LINN, 1867-1873. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JAMES LINN 
 AND HANNAH ROBERTS. 
 
 ISAAC A. LINN, 1842-1863. 
 
 OLIVER LINN, of South Bend, Washington, 1843. 
 
 MALINDA LINN, 1845-1892, married, 1866, Thomas 
 Dew. Ten children, Nancy J. Dew, 1867, married, 1887, 
 Frederick C. Dwyer, of Centralia, Washington, and has 
 five children, Minerva, 1888, Mary, 1889, Malinda, 1891, 
 Lydia, 1893, and Jessie, 1895. — Sarah M. Dew, 1869, 
 married, 1889, John Weight, of Nishnabotna, Mo., and 
 has eight children, Edward E., 1890, Winfield, 1892, 
 Henry W., 1894, John F., 1896, Mollie M., 1898, Arthur 
 W., 1901, Annie and William (twins), 1904. — William 
 J. Dew, of Arctic, Washington, 1871. — Lydia Dew, 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 115 
 
 1872, married, 1901, Arthur Gowling, of San Pedro, 
 Cal. — George Dew, 1874-1875. — Mary E. Dew, 1876- 
 1893. — Thomas Dew, of Arctic, Washington, 1878, mar- 
 ried Elsie Lyken. — Hiram Dew, 1880-1893. — C. Llew- 
 ellyn Dew, 1884-1885, — John C. Dew, 1891. 
 
 MARY J. LINN, 1847, married, 1868, E. Davis, who 
 died 1896. Children, Bertha Davis, 1874-1874. — Nellie 
 Davis, 1879-1879. — Don A. Davis, 1885. Married again, 
 1900, Jacob Knapp, of Linden, Iowa. 
 
 TABITHA R. LINN, 1848, married, 1872, Frederick 
 Gotter, of Scranton, Iowa. Ten children. Hannah A. 
 Gotter, 1873, married, 1894, Henry A. McCullough, of 
 Wilton, N. Dak., and has three children, Pearl, 1897, 
 Russie, 1901, Mabel, 1904. — F. James Gotter, of Scran- 
 ton, Iowa, 1875, married, 1900, Clara Cameron, and has 
 two children, Florence, 1901, Estella, 1904. — Martha 
 M. Gotter, 1878-1895, — John W. Gotter, of Roseburg, 
 Oregon, 1880, — Benjamin J. Gotter, of Roseburg, 
 Oregon, 1882, — Caleb H. Gotter, 1884, — Samuel A. 
 Gotter, 1885, — Bertha J. Gotter, 1887, — Mary L. 
 Gotter, 1890, — Elsie V. Gotter, 1893. 
 
 ELEANOR LINN, 1850, married, 1874, Ernest H. 
 P. A. Farr, of Bartlett, Nebraska. Seven children, Min- 
 nie Ella Antoinette Farr, 1878, married, 1894, James 
 Kitchen Sanford, of Ericson, Nebraska, and has six 
 children, Albert Edward, 1895, Ernest Augusta, 1897, 
 Walter William, 1898, Grace Leona, 1900, Hannah Ame- 
 lia, 1902, and Otto Louis, 1904. — Florence Gertrude 
 Farr, 1881, married, 1901, Ernest Sanford, Jr., of Bart- 
 
n6 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 lett, Nebraska, and has one child, Elsie Marjorie, 1903. — 
 Louis Philip Farr, 1883, — Amelia Farr, 1885, — War- 
 ner William Farr, 1887, — Lizetta Farr, 1888, — Ern- 
 est Albert Victor Farr, 1892. 
 
 SYLVESTER LINN, of South Bend, Washington, 
 1857. 
 SAMUEL R. LINN, 1853-1857. 
 
 ALLEN LINN, of Cosmopolis, Washington, 1855, 
 married, 1882, Alice Peterson. Three children, Leigh 
 Linn, deceased, — Vera Linn, 1890, — and Vivian Linn, 
 1894. 
 
 JAMES A. LINN, of South Bend, Washington, 1857, 
 married, 1894, Leah Hawk. Six children, Mary E. Linn, 
 1895, — George A. Linn, 1896, — Ella A. Linn, 1898, — 
 James O. Linn, 1900, — Lulu L. Linn, 1902, — Syl- 
 vester W. Linn, 1904. 
 
 SARAH P. LINN, of South Bend, Washington, 
 1861. 
 
 GEORGE W. LINN, of Glenwood, Iowa, 1863, 
 married, 1888, Mattie Gardiner, two children, Charles 
 W. Linn, 1889- 1896, — Minnie Linn, 1892. 
 
 ALBERT W. LINN, South Bend, Washington, 1865. 
 
 CYRUS R. LINN, of Arctic, Washington, 1867, mar- 
 ried, 1896, Mary McChesney, who died 1896. Married 
 again, 1899, Frances Musselman, and has three children, 
 Charles Linn, 1900, — Hugh Linn, 1902, — and a 
 daughter, 1904. 
 
JOHN LINN— JANE SCYOC. 117 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF ELIZA LINN 
 AND WILLIAM TAYLOR. 
 
 RACHEL J. TAYLOR, of Hustontown, Pa., 1847. 
 
 SARAH TAYLOR, 1850- 1885, married Daniel Gas- 
 ter, seven children, Elizabeth, Bertha J., William B., 
 Moreta B., Margaret, Myrtle May, and Sarah A. 
 
 GEORGE TAYLOR, of Maddensville, Pa., 185 1. 
 
 MARTHA TAYLOR, 1852, married, 1868, to Reuben 
 Brown, of Maddensville, Pa., twelve children, Martha, 
 William H., George, Howard, Ambrose, Ephraim, 
 Elizabeth, Stella, Margaret, Catherine, Olive, and 
 Annie. 
 
 MARGARET TAYLOR, 1854, married, 1880, to 
 Ephraim Nead, of Clear Ridge, Pa. 
 
 WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Bruel, Keith County, Neb., 
 married, 1885. 
 
SECTION IV. 
 
 JFamtlg of Wtlltam ffitntt anti 
 
 HUGH WILLIAM LINN. .1818-1900. . ..married 1840 
 
 Mary Chadwick 1818 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 MARGARET LINN 1820- 1847. • ..married 1847 
 
 James W. Linn 1825 
 
 Pierce City, Mo. 
 
 119 
 
120 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF HUGH WILLIAM LINN 
 AND MARY CHADWICK. 
 
 WILLIAM LINN, of Washington, D. C, 1842, mar- 
 ried, 1864, Sarah Bridge, who died 1898. Married again, 
 Mary Knox Vanarsdale, 1899, who died 1905. Four chil- 
 dren. Samuel E. Linn, 1865-1896, married Sydney Ker- 
 shaw, and had two children, Edna, 1887, an d Bertha, 
 1889. — Ellwood Shannon Linn, 1868, married, 18 — , 
 and has one child, Estelle. — William Linn, Jr., 1872- 
 1904. — Ralph Linn, 1877- 1904. 
 
 SAMUEL W. LINN, of Rochester, N. Y., 1843, mar- 
 ried, 1885, Edith Lenore Willis, and has two children, 
 Willis, 1887, and Benjamin F., 1889. 
 
 MARY ANN LINN, 1847, married, 1867, William T. 
 Adams, of Philadelphia. Two children, Hugh William 
 Linn Adams, 1869-1892, — and Eliza H. Adams, 1871, 
 who married, 1901, William H. Ward, and has one child, 
 William G. Ward, 1903. 
 
 THOMAS LINN, of Nice, France, 1845. 
 
 JENNIE LINN, 1852-1874. 
 
 HUGH J. LINN, of Buffalo, N. Y., 1850, who mar- 
 ried, 1872, Mary E. Shaughney, and has one child, Lewis 
 Fields Linn, of Buffalo, N. Y., 1883, who married, 
 1905, Bertha Louisa Knight. 
 
 BENJAMIN LINN, 1854-1893. 
 
 MATTHEW LINN, 1857-1863. 
 
SECTION V. 
 
 3ff amtUj af ilanj Sitm m\b Charge EnwB^rtbge 
 
 GEO. LOUGHRIDGE 2d.. . 1812-18— 
 
 ABRAHAM LOUGH- 
 RIDGE 1813-1850. . ..married 1840 
 
 Margaret Linn 1822 
 
 West Side, Iowa. 
 
 JOHN LOUGHRIDGE 18 — 18— 
 
 WILLIAM LOUGHRIDGE. 1816-1891 . . .. married 1836 
 Rachel Eavey 1812-1883 
 
 HUGH LOUGHRID"GE. . . . 18 — 18— 
 
 MARY LOUGHRIDGE. . . . 18 — 18— 
 
 MARTHA LOUGHRIDGE. 18 — 18— 
 
 121 
 
122 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF ABRAHAM LOUGHRIDGE 
 AND MARGARET LINN. 
 
 (See under family of Hugh Linn 2d and Ann Widney, p. 129.) 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF WILLIAM LOUGHRIDGE 
 AND RACHEL EAVEY. 
 
 JACOB EAVEY LOUGHRIDGE, 1837-1895, mar- 
 ried, 1871, Mary Rogers Barker, of Baltimore, Md., now 
 of Philadelphia, Pa. Six children, Elizabeth Howard 
 Loughridge, 1872, married, 1898, James Alexander 
 Smith, now of Chambersburg, Pa., and has one child, 
 James Alexander 2nd, 1899. — William Loughridge, 
 1875, Philadelphia. — Jacob Eavey Loughridge 2nd, 
 1877- 1895. — Mary Rogers Loughridge, 1880. — Charles 
 Howard Loughridge, 1882. — Margaret Barker 
 Loughridge, 1886. 
 
 SUSAN MARGARET LOUGHRIDGE, 1840, mar- 
 ried, i860, Edward Williams Barker, 1836-1900. Ad- 
 dress, Llanerch, Delaware Co., Pa. Six children, Mary 
 Barker, 1861. — Ellen Barker, 1862, married, 1895, 
 Thomas Childs Woodbury, Captain 16th Infantry, U. S. 
 Army, now (1905) Colonel 3rd Infantry U. S. 
 Army at Fort Seward, Haines Mission, Alaska, and has 
 one child, Margaret Barker, 1896. — William Lough- 
 ridge Barker, 1864. — Margaret Linn Barker, 1866- 
 1871. — Ruth Barker, 1867-1872. — John Barker, of 
 Ashbourne, Pa., 1869, married, 1893, Susan Armistead 
 Randolph, of Alexandria, Va., and has one child, Edward 
 Williams Barker, 2nd, 1895. 
 
MARY LINN— GEORGE LOUGHRIDGE. 123 
 
 MARY ELLEN LOUGHRIDGE, married, 1871, 
 Alexander Neill, of Hagerstown, Md. Six children, 
 Josephine Neill, 1872, died in childhood. — Mary Nel- 
 son Neill, 1873, married, 1894, Charles Henry Folwell, 
 of Mt. Holly, N. J., and has two children, Charles Henry, 
 2nd, 1895, and Elinor Neill, 1902. — Alexander Neill, 
 2nd, 1875. — Elinor Neill, 1878, died in childhood. — 
 Margaret Barker Neill, 1880, Hagerstown, Md. — 
 Harriet Burrows Neill, 1884, died in childhood. 
 
 RACHEL JOSEPHINE LOUGHRIDGE, 1846- 
 1858. 
 
SECTION VI. 
 
 Jfamthj of ijwjfy Sttttt 2t\b anfo Atttt M&tmj. 
 
 JAMES WIDNEY LINN . .1809-1864. . ..married 1836 
 
 Mary Wilds 1811-1861 
 
 HUGH W. LINN 181 1-1820 
 
 SARAH ANN LINN 1814-1896. . . .married 1838 
 
 Samuel Henry 1808-1880 
 
 MARY LINN 1816-1896. . . .married 1848 
 
 Samuel Booher 
 JANE LINN 1818-1903 . . . .married 1837 
 
 A. Jackson Taylor 1815-1883 
 
 JOHN LINN 1820-1895 . . . .married 1849 
 
 Margaret Hays 1820-1890 
 
 MARGARET LINN 1822 married 1840 
 
 Abraham Loughridge ..1813-1850 
 
 West Side, Iowa. 
 
 HUGH LINN 1824-1849 
 
 ALEXANDER E. LINN. . .1826-1902. . ..married 1852 
 
 Matilda Shaver 1823 
 
 Bellwood, Pa. 
 
 ARABELLA M. LINN. . . . 1828 married 1850 
 
 William M. Bloom 1824-1888 
 
 Las Vegas, N. M. 
 
 ELEANOR P. LINN 183 1- 1905. . ..married 1850 
 
 William Typer 1826 
 
 Polo, Illinois. 
 
 125 
 
126 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JAMES WIDNEY LINN 
 AND MARY WILDS. 
 
 JOHN WESLEY LINN, 1837-1862. 
 
 HUGH WILLIAM LINN, 1839, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 ANN WIDNEY LINN, 1842-1846. 
 
 GEORGE WILDS LINN, 1844, married 1878 Naomi 
 Anderson Fisher, of Bryn Mawr, Pa. 
 
 KEZIA McCUNE LINN, 1848-1864. 
 
 Permanent address of George Wilds Linn, Bryn Mawr, 
 Pa. (Present address, Berwyn, Pa.) 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF SARAH ANN LINN 
 AND SAMUEL HENRY. 
 
 DR. WILLIAM HENRY, of Harmon, Illinois, 1839, 
 married, 1870, Annie S. Miller. Two children, Daisy 
 Belle, 1878-1888, and William F., 1882-1905. 
 
 HESTER A. HENRY, of Polo, Illinois, 1841. 
 
 HUGH LINN HENRY, of Edgerton, Kansas, 1845, 
 married, 1867, Martha Davis. Four children, Mary 
 Henry, 1868, married, 1889, Ira E. Campbell, of Edger- 
 ton, Kansas, and has two children, Lola A. and Claude H. 
 — Margaret Henry, 1871, married, 1895, Frank H. 
 Stevenson, of Wellsville, Kansas, and has three children, 
 Glyde Irene, 1896, Otis Linn, 1900, and Walter Eugene, 
 I 9°3- — Walter Henry, 1874, of Wellsville, Kansas, 
 married, 1895, Belle Black.— Roy Linn Henry, 1889. 
 
 MARGARET HENRY, of Polo, Illinois, 1847. 
 
 MARY JANE HENRY, 1850, married, 1872, Milton 
 Woolhiser, of Mills, Nebraska. Eight children, Albert 
 
HUGH LINN 2d— ANN WIDNEY. 127 
 
 Woolhiser, 1873, married, 1904, Jennie Smothers. — 
 Eva May Woolhiser, 1875, married, 1893, John Wyatt, 
 of Springview, Nebraska, and has two children, Milton 
 Tarry, 1894, and Ella May, 1904. — Walter Woolhiser, 
 1878. — Grace Woolhiser, 1880, married, 1903, James 
 Ogden, of Mills, Nebraska. — Della Woolhiser, 1882, 
 married, 1903, Clyde Libolt, of Mills, Nebraska, and has 
 one child, Bertie Bryan. — Roy Edmond Woolhiser, 1884. 
 — Joseph Woolhiser, 1887. — Clara Woolhiser, 1889. 
 
 JOHN HENRY, of Polo, Illinois, 1854. 
 
 JAMES HENRY, of Polo, Illinois, 1858, married, 
 1883, Amanda Cox. (Son) Charles Elmer Linn 
 Henry. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARY LINN 
 AND SAMUEL BOOHER. 
 
 ARABELLA BOOHER, 1849-1885. 
 JENNIE BOOHER, 1855-1889. 
 MARGARET BOOHER, 1859-1886. 
 ALEXANDER BOOHER. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JANE LINN 
 AND A. JACKSON TAYLOR. 
 
 JOHN TEMPLETON TAYLOR, of Chicago, 111., 
 1838, married, 1866, Margaret Kline. — Four children, 
 M ah ala K. Taylor, 1869, married, 1887, Frank C. 
 Stolp, Chicago, and had four children, Benjamin, 1888- 
 1893, Roy, 1890, lone and Irene (twins), 1895. — John 
 T. Taylor, Jr., 1872, married, 1893, Effie Brunson, and 
 
128 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 has one child, Marian, 1894. — Horace K. Taylor, Chi- 
 cago, 1875, married, 1897, Ada Gardner, and has two 
 children, Bernice, 1899, Verdel, 1902. — Henry Taylor, 
 Chicago, 1880. 
 
 ANN I. TAYLOR, 1840, married, 1862, Charles W. 
 Widney, of Concord, Pa. — Nine children, Wilbur J., 
 1862-1883, — Carrie D., 1865, — Mollie L., 1866-1894, — 
 Jennie L., 1868-1875, — Howard T., 1870, — Nannie L., 
 1872-1876, — John L., 1875, — Charles W., 1879, — 
 Bruce C, 1882. 
 
 MARGARET E. TAYLOR, 1843, married, i860, 
 Robert Finley, of Concord, Pa. — Six children, Harry, 
 1 861, — Samuel, 1863-1863, — Grace May, 1866, — Ella 
 K., 1870, — Cleo D., 1872, — Jane B., 1878. 
 
 MARY L. TAYLOR, 1845, married, 1869, John Fra- 
 zey, of Shelby, Iowa. — Seven children, Margaret, 1870- 
 1870, — Bert, 1871, — Harry, 1873, — Sarah L., 1875, 
 married, 1893, Carl E. Altenbern, — Olive C, 1877, — 
 August E., 1882, — Julia E., 1885. 
 
 SAMUEL W. TAYLOR, of Eugene City, Oregon 
 (the youngest veteran of the Civil War in that State), 
 1848, married, 1873, Florence Hall. — Five children, Har- 
 riet Linn, 1874, married, 1903, Ralph G. Starr, — 
 Blanche Marian, 1878, married, 1903, Samuel T. 
 Thurston, — George Mead, 1880, — Charles Jackson, 
 1 883- 1 887,— Phil Sheridan, 1888-1889. 
 
 ELIZABETH M. TAYLOR, 185 1, married, 1879, 
 Leonard Cogswell, of Boone, Iowa. — Two children, 
 Herbert Leonard, 1880, who married, 1904, Ida M. 
 Heyer, and Marcia Elizabeth, 1889. 
 
HUGH LINN 2d— ANN .WIDNEY. 129 
 
 CHALMERS B. TAYLOR, of Joliet, Illinois, 1858, 
 married, 1889, Cassie L. Arter. — Three children, Arnold 
 C, 1892-1894, — Leroy P., 1894, — Ira M., 1900. 
 
 WILLIAM J. TAYLOR, of Savanna, Illinois, 1863, 
 married, 1887, Celestia Tomlinson. — Two children, Wil- 
 liam Harold, 1888, and Ethel Vianna, 1891. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARGARET LINN 
 AND ABRAHAM LOUGHRIDGE. 
 
 ANN LOUGHRIDGE, of West Side, Iowa, 1842, 
 married, 1876, Dyer Porter DeWitt. 
 
 LINN LOUGHRIDGE, of Cotter, Arkansas, 1844, 
 married, 1866, Jennie Pike. — Nine children, Margaret 
 Ann, 1866, — Ferdinand, 1869-1886, — Mary Bell, 1871, 
 married, 1897, James J. Sinclair, of Stephen, Minnesota, 
 and has two children, Linn James, 1898, and Donavan 
 John, 1899. — William ]., 1874-1904. — Grace Odelia, 
 1876, married, 1895, Frederick L. Case, of South Med- 
 ford, Assin., Canada. — Milton E. G., 1879. — Bertha 
 Virginia, 1881, — Earl Clarence, 1884, — Eunice 
 Pearl, 1886. 
 
 MARY LOUGHRIDGE, 1848, married, 1868, John 
 J. Woolhiser, of West Side, Iowa. — Six children, Ella 
 Woolhiser, 1868, married, 1890, T. C. Marsh, of Oma- 
 ha, Nebraska, and has four children, Charles Berwick, 
 1891, Ian Dawson, 1896, Dorothy Margaret, 1900, and 
 Mary Alice, 1902. — Annie Woolhiser, 1871, married, 
 1901, Morris S. Linn, of Carroll, Nebraska, and has two 
 children, Homer, 1903, and Morrison Wesley, 1904. — 
 Marba Woolhiser, 1875, married, 1898, Charles J. Mai- 
 
130 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 lette, of Lake City, Iowa, and has three children, George 
 Earl, 1899, Verne J., 1901, and Marsh Linn, 1903. — 
 Lulu Woolhiser, 1879, — Alice Woolhiser, 1882, — 
 John Linn Woolhiser, 1889. 
 
 ABRAHAM LOUGHRIDGE, of Alderson, I. T., 
 1850, married, 1872, Maryett Sturdevant. — Six children, 
 Ada Loughridge, 1873, — Edna Loughridge, 1875, — 
 Orlinn Loughridge, of Chisimville, Ark., 1877, mar- 
 ried, 1898, Rosa Young, and has one child, Mamie, 1902. 
 — Jessie Loughridge, 1879, married, 1901, Robert Wil- 
 liams, of Shawnee, Okla., and has one child, Velma, 1902. 
 — Alice Loughridge, 1883, married, 1902, Robert Pat- 
 terson, of Alderson, I. T., and has one child, Roy, 1904. — 
 Annie Loughridge, 1887. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF DR. ALEXANDER ERWIN 
 LINN AND MATILDA SHAVER. 
 
 CLARA ELLEN LINN, 1854, married, 1876, Wil- 
 liam B. Dysart, of Bellwood, Pa. — Eight children, 
 Charles Linn, 1878-1879. — William A., 1879, married, 
 1904, to Fay Carse. — Bessie Clyde, 1881, married, 1903. 
 Witmer Breneman, of Bellwood, Pa., and has one child, 
 Hugh Herbert. — Susan Matilda, 1883, married, 1905, 
 to Harry L. Hagerty. — John Edwin, 1885- 1898. — Rus- 
 sell Baldwin, 1887, — Roy Baker, 1891-1894, — Ralph 
 Morrow, 1896. 
 
 JOHN ALEXANDER WATSON LINN, 1855-1896, 
 married, 1886, Katherine Alice Dobbins, of Long Beach, 
 California, and had five children, Hugh Dobbins, 1888, 
 — Helen May, 1889, — William Mason, 1890- 1890, — 
 Horace, 1892-1892, — Edith Hortense, 1894. 
 
HUGH LINN 2d— ANN WIDNEY. 131 
 
 WILLIAM HOWARD LINN, of El Dorado, Kansas, 
 1856, married, 1885, Alice Minor. — Ten children, George 
 Howard, 1886, — Clarence I., 1887, — Erwin Sylves- 
 ter, 1889, — Paul Raymond, 1890, — Jessie Clayton, 
 1892, — Ruth, 1894, — Esther Matilda, 1896, — Ellen 
 Naomi, 1898, — Grace Bell, 1899, — John Alexander, 
 1903. 
 
 GEORGE EDWIN LINN, of Denver, Colorado, 
 1858, married, 1883, Louisa Catt. — Seven children, Cora 
 June, 1884, — Rota Leta, 1887, — Vera May, 1888, — 
 Harold Catt, 1889, — Ruhe Valentine, 1894, — Low- 
 ell Livingston, 1901, — Ellice Edwina, 1903. 
 
 MORRISON SHAVER LINN, of Carroll, Nebraska, 
 i860, married, 1890, Melissa Way, who died, 1898. — 
 Children, Edwin Clayton, 1892-1892, — Clara Louise, 
 1893, — Mabel, 1895, — Eunice, 1896, — twins, 1898- 
 1898. — Married again, 1901, Annie M. Woolhiser. — Two 
 children, Homer, 1903, — Morrison Wesley, 1904. 
 
 JUNIE M. LINN, 1863, married, 1892, G. W. Smith, 
 of Edgewater, Colorado. — Three children, Mildred 
 Linn, 1894, — Irene Matilda, 1898, — Lois Mae, 1904. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF ARABELLA MACLAY 
 LINN AND WILLIAM M. BLOOM. 
 
 ANNA M. BLOOM, married Dr. Shout, of Las 
 Vegas, New Mexico. 
 
 CHARLES BLOOM, of Las Vegas. 
 
 AMANDA BLOOM, married Winters, of 
 
 Las Vegas, and has two children. 
 
 Four children, ELLA, JAMES, WARREN and 
 WILLIAM BLOOM, are deceased. 
 
132 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF ELEANOR POMEROY 
 LINN AND WILLIAM TYPER. 
 
 ANNA REBECCA TYPER, 1853, married, 1871, 
 Aaron Sanford, of Rolfe, Iowa. — Ten children, Ger- 
 trude, 1873, wno married, 1900, George Sandy, and has 
 one child, Clifford, 1900, — Elizabeth, 1874-1875, — 
 Homer Allen, 1878, — Minnie, 1879-1879, — Vernie, 
 1880-1882, — Andrew Earnest, 1882, who married, 
 1901, Belle Peterson, and had one child, Elizabeth, 1902- 
 1902,— Rosa, 1885-1885,— Arthur, 1889,— Hazel, 1892, 
 — Leydy, 1895. 
 
 JOHN L. TYPER, of El Paso, Texas, 1855, married 
 Mary Robinson. — Five children, William, Bessie, 
 Archie, Harry, Elmira. 
 
 LUCINDA TYPER, 1858-1858. 
 
 PRESTON TYPER, 1859-1882. 
 
 ANDREW CAMPBELL TYPER, of Hampton, 
 Iowa, who married, 1888, Nellie Isadore Stonebraker. — 
 Three children, Lelah Eleanor, 1890, — Joe Harrison, 
 1891, — Ethel Marsh, 1901. 
 
 LINCOLN H. TYPER, of Neceda, Wisconsin, 1864, 
 married Matilda Mallon. 
 
 HARRY TYPER, of Polo, Illinois, 1867. 
 
 WILLIAM H. TYPER, of Polo, Illinois, 1870, mar- 
 ried, 1896, and has three children, Glenn Edouard, 
 1897, — Ruth Claire, 1899, — Donald Marsh, 1904. 
 
 ELLA TYPER, 1873-1890. 
 
 CHANCEFORD TYPER, 1877, Leader, Wyoming. 
 
SECTION VII. 
 
 Stonily of Jam?0 Ettttt, att& Nattrg Snuljer. 
 
 CASPER B. LINN 1820-1862. . ..married 1846 
 
 Elizabeth Lauther 1829 
 
 Winchester, Va. 
 
 JOHN LINN 1822-1874 
 
 JAMES W. LINN 1825 . . . .married 1847 
 
 Margaret Linn 1820-1847 
 
 again married 1855 
 
 Sarah Chilcoat 
 
 Pierce City, Mo. 
 
 JANE LINN 1830-1859. . ..married 1856 
 
 Charles W. Evans 
 
 Maddensville, Pa. 
 
 HUGH LINN 1 832- 1 894.... married 1861 
 
 Carrie Feight 
 
 Shelby, Iowa. 
 
 SAMUEL B. LINN 1836 . . . .married 1865 
 
 Jane G. Keagy 1836 
 
 Shelby, Iowa. 
 
 JACOB B. LINN 1839-1893 . . . .married 1864 
 
 Hester A. Chilcoat 1835 
 
 Shelby, Iowa. 
 
 i33 
 
134 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF CASPAR B. LINN 
 AND ELIZABETH LAUTHER. 
 
 JANE LINN, 1850-1887, married Alexander Miller. 
 
 JAMES L. LINN, 1852-1893, married, 1884. Leah 
 Catherine Byerly. — Four children, Alice E., 1884, mar- 
 ried, 1904, Harry I. Sell, of Table, Neb., — Arlo, 1885, — 
 George, 1887, — Frederick, 1888, all of Table, Nebraska. 
 
 LETTIE LINN, 1855, married, 1880, William Hollar, 
 of Winchester, Virginia. — Six children, Maud, 1880, — 
 Daisy, 1883, — Allyn, 1886, — Ottie, 1889, — Blanche, 
 1892, — Virginia, 1897. 
 
 NANNIE LINN, 1858, married, 1878, Benjamin 
 Bringolf, of Tacoma, Washington. — Four children, Ella, 
 1879, — Harry, 1881, — George, 1883, — Walter, 1890. 
 
 CASPAR LINN, 1861. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JAMES W. LINN 
 AND SARAH CHILCOAT. 
 
 MARGARET A. LINN, 1857, married, 1885, G. T. 
 Hatton, of Sydney, Iowa, and has one child, Charles 
 Mearl, 1886. 
 
 CARRIE LINN, i860, Pierce City, Missouri. 
 
 NANNIE J. LINN, 1861, married, 1879, Joshua 
 Robertson, of Diller, Nebraska. — Four children, Lelia, 
 1880, — Claire, 1883, — Elva, 1885, — William, 1888. 
 
 ADDIE LINN, 1864, married, 1892, J. E. Coppock, 
 of Pierce City, Missouri. 
 
 JAMES R. LINN, of Salem, Oregon, 1867, married, 
 1894, Louella Wright. — Two children, Francis, 1896, — 
 Paula, 1898. 
 
JAMES LINN— NANCY BOOHER. 135 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JANE LINN 
 AND CHARLES W. EVANS. 
 
 LENA EVANS, 1857, married, 1875, Lemuel Cut- 
 shall, of Shelby, Iowa. — Six children, Harvey, 1876, — 
 Elsie, 1877,— Lewis, 1880,— Nora Edith, 1884, — Ida 
 Vera, 1886, — Owen L., 1894. 
 
 EXIMENA EVANS, 1859, married, 1883, C. J. Ever- 
 ton, of Emon, Washington. — One child, Clare, 1894. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF REV. HUGH LINN 
 AND CARRIE FEIGHT. 
 
 NANNIE V., 1862-1882. 
 ROBERTA, 1865- 1883. 
 FLORENCE K., 1867-1882. 
 EFFIE BLANCHE, 1870-1882. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF SAMUEL B. LINN 
 AND JANE G. KEAGY. 
 
 LUELLA V. LINN, 1866, married, 1892, Dr. Albert 
 S. Stevens, of Hancock, Iowa. — Four children, Ralph 
 L., 1893, — Marie E., 1895, — Lee C, 1900, — Esther, 
 1902. 
 
 MARIETTA K. LINN, 1869-1885. 
 
 N. ELIZABETH LINN, of Shelby, Iowa, 1871. 
 
 SAMUEL H. LINN, 1875-1900. 
 
136 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JACOB B. LINN 
 AND HESTER CHILCOAT. 
 
 AMBROSE B. LINN, of Howell, Dakota, 1865, mar- 
 ried, 1891, Alice Kilpatrick. — One child, Hester, 1892. 
 
 McKENDREE LINN, of Shelby, Iowa, 1867. 
 
 MONROE LINN, of Shelby, Iowa, 1869, married, 
 1898, Emma Davis. — Two children, Bessie, 1899, — 
 Glenn, 1900. 
 
 ANNA L. LINN, 1870-1905, married, 1890, Orin S. 
 Best, of Shelby, Iowa. — Three children, Laura, 1892, — 
 Arthur, 1894, — Edith, 1898. 
 
 WALTER LINN, of Rapid City, South Dakota, 1871. 
 
 M. C. FRANKLIN LINN, of Shelby, Iowa, 1873, 
 married, 1898, Lizzie Walker. — Three children, Harvey, 
 1899, — Dwight, 1 901, — Gladys, 1902. 
 
 HUGH LINN, 1878. 
 
SECTION VIII. 
 
 Jfamtlg of Mm IGtttn nnh Sohert (Eampbell. 
 
 JAMES CAMPBELL 1819-1851. ...married 18— 
 
 Eliza Gilleland. 
 
 HUGH CAMPBELL 1821-1864. . . .married 18— 
 
 Mary Bratton Jenkins. 
 
 ANN ELIZA CAMPBELL.. 1824-1852. . ..married 1852 
 John Hays. 
 
 MARTHA CAMPBELL.... 1827 ....married 1851 
 
 Charles McLaughlin. ... 1824- 1887 
 
 Omaha, Neb. 
 
 MARY JANE CAMPBELL.1829-1889. . ..married 1850 
 Isaac Bratton 1824-1901 
 
 NANCY WIDNEY CAMP- 
 BELL 1832-1895 married i860 
 
 William Buckley 1834 
 
 Shelby, Iowa. 
 
 JOHN CAMPBELL 1834-1900. . ..married 18— 
 
 Catherine (Harris) Cook. 
 
 Mineral de O'Campo, Mex. 
 
 137 
 
138 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JAMES CAMPBELL 
 AND ELIZA GILLELAND. 
 
 ROBERT CAMPBELL. 
 MARTHA (CAMPBELL) BANTA. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF ANN ELIZA CAMPBELL 
 AND JOHN HAYS. 
 
 ANNA E. HAYS, 1852, married, 1874, James Lauth- 
 ers, of Doylesburg, Penn'a. — Four children, Sadie E. 
 Lauthers, 1876, married, 1902, William E. Rutter. — 
 Mary E. Lauthers, 1878- 1881. — John H. Lauthers, 
 1880, married, 1904, Myrtle Clugstone. — Margaret L. 
 Lauthers, 1885. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARTHA CAMPBELL 
 AND CHARLES McLAUGHLIN. 
 
 JOHN L. McLAUGHLIN, 1852-1873. 
 
 ROBERT CHARLES McLAUGHLIN, of Mapleton, 
 Iowa, 1854, married, 1893, Clara Bittle. 
 
 SARA JANE McLAUGHLIN, 1856-1879, married, 
 1878, Charles C. Boget, of Garden City, Kansas. — One 
 child, Lottie Prune, 1879, married to Clinton Roberts, 
 of Lindsey, Cal., and has two children, Martha Margue- 
 rite, 1900, and Richard Theodore, 1902. 
 
 EPHRAIM ACKERS McLAUGHLIN, of Omaha, 
 Nebraska, 1859, married, 1886, Clara Escher, and has 
 one child, Grace Louise, 1887. 
 
JANE LINN— ROBERT CAMPBELL. 139 
 
 HUGH WILLIAM McLAUGHLIN, of Shelby, 
 Iowa, 1 86 1, married, 1897, Myrta Buckley, and has one 
 child, Vet a, 1904. 
 
 MARTHA MATILDA McLAUGHLIN, 1863-1880. 
 
 ELLSWORTH CAMPBELL McLAUGHLIN, of 
 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, married, 1889, Stella 
 Springer, and has five children, Charles, 1890, — 
 Blanche, 1892, — Constance, 1898, — Ione, 1900, — 
 John Harold, 1905. 
 
 LAURA BUCKLEY McLAUGHLIN, 1870, married, 
 1892, Daniel Ralph Ennis, of Omaha, Neb., and has three 
 children, Carol Hope, 1895, — Charles McLaughlin, 
 1897, — Evelyn Claire, 1903. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARY JANE CAMPBELL 
 AND ISAAC BRATTON. 
 
 ELIZA BRATTON, 1851-1899, married, 1868, David 
 Winegardner, of Dublin Mills, Penn'a. 
 
 HANNAH J. BRATTON, 1853-1853. 
 
 MARTHA E. BRATTON, 1854-1855. 
 
 MARY JUNIATA BRATTON, 1856, married, 1873, 
 Huston, of Hustontown, Penn'a. — Seven chil- 
 dren, Mary Jane, 1876,— Isaac Roberts, 1877,— Lilly 
 May, i 880- i 882, —Elizabeth Matilda, 1882,— Thomas 
 Emory, 1886,— Earl Basil, 1895,— Ada Grace, 1900. 
 
 MARGARET E. BRATTON, 1859-1859. 
 
 ROBERT CAMPBELL BRATTON, of Dublin Mills, 
 Pa., i860. 
 
i 4 o THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 ISAAC HUNTER BRATTON. 1862-1880. 
 
 MATILDA WIDNEY BRATTON, 1862, married, 
 1881, Hurley, of Lewistown, Penn'a. 
 
 CATHERINE R. BRATTON, 1866, married, 1887, 
 Wagner, of Hustontown, Penn'a. 
 
 HANNAH J. BRATTON, 1868, married, 1886, 
 Gracey, of Gracey, Penn'a. 
 
 LILY MAY BRATTON, 1872- 1874. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF NANCY WIDNEY CAMP- 
 BELL AND WILLIAM BUCKLEY. 
 
 WILLIAM BREWSTER BUCKLEY, of Mapleton, 
 Iowa, 1865, married, 1891, Eva A. Evans. — Two children, 
 Cecil Marie, 1893-1894, — Neill E., 1905. 
 
 CHARLES EVERETT BUCKLEY, of Anamosa, 
 Iowa, 1872, married, 1898, Elizabeth E. McDowell, and 
 has two children, James Everett, 1900, and Helen 
 Elizabeth, 1903. 
 
 Only descendant of John Campbell and Catherine 
 (Harris) Cook is THEODORE CUSHING CAMP- 
 BELL, of Mineral de O'Campo, Mexico. 
 
SECTION IX. 
 
 3FamUy of Nattry Extra attb ijwjlj Hallar?. 
 
 JOHN WALLACE 182 1- 1903. . ..married 1848 
 
 Elizabeth Berry 1828-1902 
 
 MARY ANN WALLACE. .1824-1854. . ..married 1848 
 William Ewing. 
 
 SARAH WALLACE 1 827-1901 
 
 HENRY WALLACE 1830-1863 
 
 MARGARET JANE WAL- 
 LACE 1834-1899. . ..married 1857 
 
 George Washington Dev- 
 enny. 
 
 Cox, Okl. Ter. 
 
 HUGH WALLACE 1838- 1904. . ..married 1872 
 
 Sarah Ann Stake. 
 
 Concord, Penn'a. 
 
 NANCY WALLACE 1843 
 
 141 
 
142 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN WALLACE 
 AND ELIZABETH BERRY. 
 
 MARY J. WALLACE, 1849, married, 1867, J. H. 
 Chase, of Talmadge, Kansas. — Six children, G. Stacy 
 Chase, of Solomon, Kansas, married, 1892, Lillie E. 
 Miller, and has three children, Justus Harvey, 1893, Ethel 
 G., 1896, and Leslie R., 1899. — Jennie E. Chase, 1873, 
 married, 1893, W. D. Whitney, of Niles, Kansas. — Eliz- 
 abeth Chase, 1876, married, 1896, Thomas Iliff, who 
 died, 1902. — Arthur E. Chase. 1882, — Nettie M. 
 Chase. 1891, — Gilbert J. Chase, 1892. 
 
 HUGH WALLACE, 1852-1899. 
 
 JOHN EDWARD WALLACE, of Abilene, Kansas, 
 1859. married, 1881, Mary E. Britt. — Five children, 
 J. H. Wallace, 1882, — L. Edna Wallace, 1884, — E. 
 Gertrude Wallace, 1886, — J. Owen Wallace, 1892, — 
 V. Elva Wallace, 1895. 
 
 WILLIAM R. WALLACE, of Junction City, Kansas, 
 1866, married, 1889, Margaret Devon, and has two chil- 
 dren, John P. Wallace, 1894, — Myrtle Wallace, 
 1896. 
 
 ELIZABETH B. WALLACE, 1868, married, 1887, 
 William McCluskey, of Junction City, Kansas. — One 
 child, Mary E., 1891. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARY ANN WALLACE 
 AND WILLIAM EWING. 
 
 HUGH W. EWING, of McConnellsburg, Penn'a., 
 1849. married 1872, Margaretta E. Scott, who died, 1904. 
 — Two children, Rebecca J. Ewing, 1873, married, 1896, 
 
NANCY LINN— HUGH WALLACE. 143 
 
 Nicholas T. Finniff, and has three children, Cloyd S. E., 
 1896, Margaretta E., 1898, and Charlotte M., 1900. — 
 Mary A. E. Ewing, 1875. 
 
 ANN EWING, 1852-1854. 
 
 JOHN G. EWING, of Harrisonville, Penn'a., 1854, 
 married, 1902, Mary Ellen Deshong. — One child, Ar- 
 thur Mosser Floyd, 1902. 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF MARGARET J. WALLACE 
 AND G. W. DEVENNEY. 
 
 HENRY W. DEVENNEY, of Dwight, Kansas, 
 i860, married, 1883, Viola Crist, and has six children. 
 
 NANCY J. DEVENNEY, 1862, married, 1883, Jonah 
 Tracy, of Cox, Okla., and has two children. 
 
 MARIA DEVENNEY, 1864, married John B. Eb- 
 butt, of Dwight, Kansas, and has three children. 
 
 JOHN W. DEVENNEY, of Ponca, Ind. Ter., 1870. 
 
 GEORGE J. DEVENNEY, of Coger, Okla., 1872, 
 married, 1897, Sophia Johnson, and has three children. 
 
 ROBERT E. DEVENNEY, of Ponca, Ind. Ter., 1875, 
 married, 1895, Mary Johnson, and has four children. 
 
 ROLAND E. DEVENNEY, of Dwight, Kansas, 
 
 1879- 
 
 DESCENDANTS OF HUGH WALLACE 
 AND SARAH ANN STAKE. 
 
 HARRIET WALLACE, 1874, married, 1896, William 
 Shearer, of Spring Run, Penn'a.— One child, Nellie 
 
 LORENE, 1899. 
 
 EMMA WALLACE, of Concord, Penn'a. 
 
HUGH LINN 2nd 
 In his Eightieth Year (1864) 
 
ANN (WIDNEY) LINN 
 In her Eightieth Year (1864) 
 
PART III. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Hugh Linn 2d and Ann (Widney) Linn 151 
 
 James Widney Linn and Mary (Wilds) Linn 158 
 
 Sarah (Linn) Henry and Samuel Henry 162 
 
 Jane (Linn) Taylor and A. Jackson Taylor 164 
 
 John Linn and Margaret (Hays) Linn 166 
 
 Margaret (Linn) Loughridge 167 
 
 Dr. Alexander Erwin Linn and Matilda (Shaver) Linn 169 
 
 Eleanor (Linn) Typer and William Typer 172 
 
 James Linn and Nancy (Booher) Linn 174 
 
 Caspar B. Linn l 75 
 
 James W. Linn and Sarah (Chilcoat) Linn 175 
 
 Rev. Hugh Linn 176 
 
 Samuel B. Linn and Jane (Keagy) Linn 177 
 
 Jacob B. Linn and Hester (Chilcoat) Linn 180 
 
 Mary (Linn) Loughridge and George Loughridge 183 
 
 William Loughridge J 85 
 
 Charles Linn J 88 
 
 Sarah (Linn) Snyder ^9 
 
 Jane (Linn) Widney and John Patterson Widney 190 
 
 James Linn and Hannah (Roberts) Linn 192 
 
PAGE 
 
 Hugh William Linn and Mary (Chadwick) Linn 194 
 
 Dr. Samuel H. Linn 194 
 
 Dr. Thomas Linn !g<5 
 
 Dr. Hugh J. Linn igy 
 
 Jane (Linn) Campbell and Robert Campbell 198 
 
 Nancy (Linn) Wallace 200 
 
 John Wallace 200 
 
 Hugh Wallace and Sarah Ann (Stake) Wallace 201 
 
 Dr. George Wilds Linn 203 
 
 
Semarkfi. 
 
 An effort has been made to procure biographical notes 
 of all who were heads of families in the second and third 
 generations. It was not found possible to secure sketches 
 of several whose lives deserved notice in this connection, 
 especially those of Abraham Loughridge, husband of 
 Margaret (Linn) Loughridge; Martha (Linn) Widney; 
 Arabella (Linn) Bloom and her husband, William M. 
 Bloom; Eliza (Linn) Taylor; and Hugh and John Linn 
 (sons of Charles Linn). 
 
 No one can regret more than the writer these un- 
 avoidable omissions. Correspondence with those most 
 nearly related to the parties named above, failed to elicit 
 the information desired, and we must be content to 
 present the following pages in a less complete form than 
 we had desired. G. w. L. 
 
 ii 
 
fttnij IGitttt Zb 
 
 ait& 
 
 Attn (Hiatus) IGtnn 
 
 HUGH LINN 2d was born in the Province of Ulster, 
 County Down, Ireland, May 10, 1785, and died April 3d, 
 1870, aged almost eighty-five years. When three years 
 old he was brought by his parents, Hugh Linn and Sarah 
 (Widney) Linn, to America, with a brother, John, aged 
 ten years, and sister, Mary, six years old. They settled 
 near the site of the village of Concord, Franklin (then 
 Cumberland) County, Pennsylvania, in what was then a 
 wilderness. 
 
 Reared as he was in the backwoods life assumed for 
 him a very practical aspect. The stern demands of im- 
 perative duty left no time for idleness. There were er- 
 rands to run, chores to do and scores of miscellaneous 
 duties unknown to the average boy of today. He lived 
 in the midst of the forest, no church, no day school and 
 no Sunday-school to attend, no newspapers nor maga- 
 zines coming by mail, for there was not a postoffice with- 
 in thirty miles, and periodical literature was then al- 
 most unknown ; no books save those which grown people 
 read, no pictures except those found in such books, and 
 no toys except those his own hands could make, while he 
 had few associates outside his parents' home. 
 
 Think of this, ye boys and girls, scions of Hugh Linn 
 2d, who have elegantly furnished churches to attend, Sun- 
 day-schools with every appliance for teaching, and graded 
 day schools ten months in the year, with teachers spe- 
 
 151 
 
152 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 daily qualified for their work ; ye who have daily papers 
 and illustrated magazines containing literature for old 
 and young, and news from every part of the world, 
 whose homes are decorated with beautiful pictures, 
 vastly better than the few crude woodcuts of pioneer 
 days. What a contrast ! 
 
 His parents gave him instruction as best they could 
 with the limited means at their command, and when he 
 was about eight years old a man was hired by them and 
 the parents of a few other children to teach a private 
 school, no such thing as a public school being then in 
 existence. This was in a small log cabin, without plaster 
 or ceiling. Two holes cut in the logs answered the pur- 
 pose of windows, and these were covered with oiled or 
 greased paper, as glass could not be had. Holes were 
 bored in the logs at one side of the room, into which pins 
 or pegs about a foot and a half long were driven, and 
 rough boards were laid on these on which to write and 
 cipher. Such was the only opportunity Hugh Linn 2d 
 had for securing an education. 
 
 Brought up in a religious home by pious parents, he 
 was deeply convicted of sin when only nine years of age. 
 He prayed much for an evidence of his acceptance as a 
 child of God and one day went into the hay mow to en- 
 gage in secret prayer. Then it was that all doubt was re- 
 moved from his mind and he entered into the life of an 
 earnest Christian and consistently followed it until his 
 death seventy-five years later. 
 
 When a Methodist Society was established in the set- 
 tlement, November, 1800, he was admitted as one of the 
 first members, and was later an official member for more 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 153 
 
 than half a century. Neither summer's heat nor winter's 
 cold prevented his attendance at the means of grace. 
 Always a pillar in the church, he and Robert Maclay, a 
 man of like religious enthusiasm, were known as the 
 "Caleb and Joshua" of the hosts of Methodism in Con- 
 cord. That was a time when the church was often 
 crowded to overflowing by people from far and near, 
 zealous, energetic, self-sacrificing, a people whose 
 religion was one of deep conviction of the primal truths 
 of Christianity, and whose conviction found expression 
 in a godly life, "unspotted by the world" and in aggres- 
 sive works ; in seeking the conversion of souls in the 
 church, in the home, and in the community. 
 
 Hugh Linn 26. was pre-eminently a man of prayer. 
 Aside from family worship morning and evening, he had 
 his fixed times for private prayer, and no matter how 
 urgent business might be, or how entertaining the com- 
 pany, he found time and opportunity, as did his Master, 
 to retire from the world and commit himself and his in- 
 terests to the hands of Deity. 
 
 He was married to Miss Ann Widney in 1808, and they 
 lived together a contented, a happy and a useful life for 
 fifty-seven years, when death called her away. They 
 brought up a family of ten children, four sons and six 
 daughters, two of the daughters still surviving (1905) 
 at very advanced ages, — Mrs. Margaret Loughridge, of 
 West Side, Iowa, and Mrs. Arabella M. Bloom, of Las 
 Vegas, New Mexico. 
 
 Hugh Linn, 2d, was a very busy man. He was a stone 
 mason by trade, and the early part of the last century 
 was an era of stone buildings. Nearly all of the better 
 
154 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 class of dwellings, as well as barns, were built of stone. 
 His industry, energy and ability soon made him a master 
 of his trade, and early in life he began to take contracts 
 for the erection of buildings, employing numbers of men, 
 who soon learned to recognize in him a just and consci- 
 entious employer. His work included a district of coun- 
 try many miles in extent in Franklin, Cumberland, Perry, 
 Juniata and Huntingdon counties, Pennsylvania, and 
 necessitated his being absent from home much of the 
 time, but it was characteristic of him that Sunday nearly 
 always found him at home with his family. In connec- 
 tion with his business he also carried on by means of 
 employes a carding and fulling mill, a grist mill and a 
 farm. 
 
 Years before the organization of temperance societies 
 in the United States he advocated total abstinence. The 
 moderate use of alcoholic liquor was common among re- 
 ligious people in the early part of the last century and 
 some form of strong drink was found in nearly every 
 sideboard, while it was a mark of hospitality among 
 church members, as well as others, to invite a guest or 
 visiting friend to take a social glass. He related to the 
 writer when a boy his reason for being a total abstainer. 
 One dark, cold, wet evening, about the year 1828, he was 
 at the village store, talking to Mr. Joseph Pomeroy, then 
 the principal merchant of the community, and a model 
 citizen. As he was leaving Mr. Pomeroy said, "Mr. Linn, 
 it is a very chilly evening, won't you take something to 
 drink before going?" He accepted the invitation, and as 
 he went out of the store, immediately after, was met in 
 the darkness by a drunkard who had seen him through 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 155 
 
 the window, and who said to him, "Well, Mr. Linn, I see 
 you are fond of a little whiskey too." As he wended his 
 way homeward he said to himself, "Is it possible that such 
 a man should be encouraged to drink by me ? This shall 
 never happen again." From that time he forbade the use 
 of any intoxicating beverage in his home. 
 
 It was then the custom also to furnish employes with 
 a. certain amount of whiskey each day, and this custom 
 he determined to abandon. Soon afterward he summoned 
 ten or fifteen men to help clean his mill race of mud and 
 moss, a most disagreeable task which had to be done 
 every year, and which necessitated their working in 
 water all day. All were on hand on the morning of the 
 day appointed, and after family worship (which was 
 never omitted, morning or evening), and a hearty break- 
 fast by all, he told them of his resolution never again to 
 use intoxicating liquor nor to furnish it to those in his 
 employment. He then stated his reasons for such a radi- 
 cal departure from the custom of that day, and added 
 that if they were aggrieved at his course he would not 
 ask them to stay, and hoped he would not forfeit the good 
 will of any one by his action. They recognized his good 
 intention, however much they may have doubted his wis- 
 dom, and every one went to work. He adhered to this 
 custom ever after and lived to see his example almost uni- 
 versally followed by employers. 
 
 When eighty years of age his wife died (she being 
 then also in her eightieth year) and he went to spend his 
 last days with his daughter, Mrs. Sarah Ann Henry, near 
 Polo, Ogle county, Illinois, where he died. Death came 
 to him peacefully, without pain and without any special 
 
156 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 illness, the tribute which old age must pay to nature. 
 Recognizing that the end was near he said to the family 
 at noon, "Go and take your dinner, then come and read a 
 chapter and we will have prayer. I know my time has 
 come to die." The family did as directed, and after pray- 
 er he closed his eyes and slept, without a struggle, the 
 sleep that knows no waking in this life. He was buried 
 in the cemetery at Mt. Morris, 111. 
 
 Hugh Linn, 2nd, may be considered a type of the Linn 
 family. In all families there are certain characteristics 
 which, while not uniformly found in all its members, are 
 considered representative. He was tall, muscular and 
 large framed, with projecting eyebrows, had light and 
 deep set eyes and dark hair, was of a nervous tempera- 
 ment, quick in speech and action, courteous but not ob- 
 sequious, positive but not arbitrary, bold but not pug- 
 nacious, self-reliant but not obstinate, dignified but not re- 
 pellant, just but not austere, social but not convivial, re- 
 ligious but not bigoted. 
 
 ANN (WIDNEY) LINN, wife of Hugh Linn, 2nd, 
 and daughter of James Widney and Ann (Erwin) Wid- 
 ney, was born Dec. 22d, 1785, near the site of the pres- 
 ent village of Concord, Pa. She was converted at the age 
 of twelve years, married to Hugh Linn, 2nd, October 
 27th, 1808, and for fifty-seven years, until death came, 
 was a devoted helpmate in all the activities of life. 
 
 Small of stature, cheerful in disposition, wonderfully 
 patient and industrious, deeply religious and wise in 
 council, she was a wife and mother worthy of the biblical 
 description, "Her children arise and call her blessed, her 
 husband also, and he praiseth her." She was always 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 157 
 
 calmly resigned to every dispensation of Providence, how- 
 ever sad or inexplicable, and in the midst of the most try- 
 ing ordeal of life would invariably say "It is all for the 
 best." 
 
 Nothing could shake her faith in the divine wisdom and 
 goodness. Like her father and sisters she was fond of 
 reading, and an unusually intelligent conversationalist on 
 all current events. She died peacefully in her eightieth 
 year, assured that she had endeavored to fulfil her mis- 
 sion, and that a crown of glory awaited her in a better 
 world. 
 
158 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 anb 
 
 ilarg (Htlte) Sinn 
 
 JAMES WIDNEY LINN, oldest son of Hugh Linn, 
 2nd, was born in 1809, and died in 1864. He received the 
 schooling usual in that early day and place, and in his 
 teens accompanied his father in his business of stone 
 mason, thus acquiring a good, practical knowledge of that 
 trade, and later entered his father's mill, where he learned 
 the trade of a miller. 
 
 He was deep and broad chested, a man of great endur- 
 ance and efficient in every line of work he undertook, 
 social in disposition, hospitable in entertaining, generous 
 in his benefactions and popular with all classes of the 
 community. His home, like that of his father, was ever 
 an asylum for "the preacher," especially the "junior 
 preacher" of the circuit, and when that personage arrived 
 from the seat of the Conference annually (for then the 
 junior preacher was changed every year) his first inquiry 
 on reaching Concord was for the house of James Linn. 
 
 He was a most consistent member of the Methodist 
 Church and an official member nearly all his mature life. 
 Like his father he was a man of devout mind and much 
 given to secret prayer, no day of his life passing without 
 private devotion at some time during the working hours, 
 while family worship morning and evening was the in- 
 variable rule. In early life he bought his father's mill, 
 and, with the aid of an assistant to whom much of the 
 routine work was given, followed that business the rest 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 159 
 
 of his life. Being a superior workman, trustworthy and 
 honest in all his dealings with men, his mill was the seat 
 of a custom which extended for miles, men often passing 
 other mills to go to Concord. For this reason much night 
 work was necessary, and for weeks sometimes the mill 
 was kept going without intermission from one o'clock 
 on Monday morning until eleven o'clock Saturday night. 
 So honest was he in the sale of grain that he was never 
 known to "stroke" a bushel except when he sold it as an 
 agent for some one else. 
 
 James Widney Linn was an active member of the 
 community, being interested in all matters of public wel- 
 fare, and was employed from time to time by citizens in 
 settling family estates. Intellectually and morally well 
 balanced, the writer never knew him to lose his temper, 
 to use harsh language nor to speak evil of any one. He 
 spared no effort in the training and education of his chil- 
 dren. He was an opponent of slavery, an advocate of lay 
 representation in the Methodist Church long before its 
 introduction, and a total abstainer from tobacco and in- 
 toxicating beverages. Fond of reading, he was a regu- 
 lar subscriber to the church and secular periodicals, and 
 the possessor of a good collection of books for that day. 
 He was a leading spirit in financing and erecting the 
 present Methodist church in Concord in 1845-6. The 
 original edifice, which stood in the village graveyard, 
 and the pulpit of which was over the site of the graves 
 of Robert Maclay and his wife (leading members of that 
 church for more than fifty years), was a log structure 
 erected early in the century, and proved too small for the 
 growing society. He being a practical mason, as well as 
 
i6o THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 miller, superintended the work of building and personally 
 assisted in laying the foundation and erecting the walls. 
 The bricks were made in his meadow, bordering on the 
 Tuscarora Creek, where even today may be seen evi- 
 dences of the old clay pits from which the material was 
 taken to make them. He boarded the masons and brick- 
 layers, and in many ways did as much as anyone else in 
 carrying to a successful completion the new church 
 edifice. 
 
 In 1836 he married Miss Mary Wilds, of Fort Little- 
 ton, Fulton County, Pennsylvania. She was a great- 
 granddaughter of Colonel James Burd, who commanded 
 the Fourth Battalion of Pennsylvania Riflemen in the 
 Revolutionary War. Colonel Burd's daughter, Ann 
 Burd, born 1762, was married to Benjamin Wilds, by 
 whom she had four children, Benjamin, William, John 
 and George, the dates of their births and deaths respec- 
 tively being 1780-1834, 1781-1827, 1783-1830, 1785-1827. 
 
 Ann (Burd) Wilds being left a widow, married James 
 Widney, the founder of Concord, in 1809. His daughter, 
 Ann Widney, born in 1785, married Hugh Linn 2d in 
 1808, and was the writer's grandmother in the Linn fam- 
 ily. Thus it is seen that his great-grandmother, Ann 
 (Burd) Wilds, married as a widow his great-grand- 
 father, James Widney, a widower. 
 
 MARY (WILDS) LINN was a woman of delicate 
 physique and nervous temperament, energetic beyond 
 her strength, ambitious for the training and success of 
 her children, and a member of the Methodist Church on 
 account of her husband, though her antecedents were 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 161 
 
 Presbyterian. She was a sister of George Wilds, once a 
 prominent citizen of Fulton County, Pennsylvania, and 
 for a long time Prothonotary of that County. Another 
 brother, John Quincy Wilds, was Colonel of the 24th 
 Regiment of Iowa Volunteers in the Civil War and re- 
 ceived a mortal wound at the battle of Cedar Creek, 
 Virginia, October 19th, 1864, while commanding a Bri- 
 gade. 
 
1 62 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 j^aralf Attn (Slum) i^ntry 
 
 and 
 
 £>amittl Ifntrg 
 
 SARAH ANN LINN, eldest daughter of Hugh Linn 
 2d and Ann (Widney) Linn, was born and brought up 
 near Concord, Pennsylvania. She was married to Sam- 
 uel Henry, August 14th, 1838, and five years later, in 
 1843, moved with her husband to the then almost track- 
 less prairies of northern Illinois. The prairie wolf and 
 the Indian were her early neighbors, and she there re- 
 peated the experiences of her grandfather, Hugh Linn, 
 modified though they were by a different environment. 
 The rugged mountains gave place to the rolling prairie, 
 the dense undergrowth of the valley to the wild flowers 
 which dotted the landscape, and the patches of mountain- 
 enclosed sky to a horizon, which knew no limit but the 
 capacity of the human eye. 
 
 She was a woman of gentle spirit, of retiring disposi- 
 tion, and of unusual mental grasp. Limited as were her 
 early opportunities for securing an education, she showed 
 by her correspondence and conversation her superiority 
 of mind. After fourscore years her letters were models 
 of neatness, penmanship and fluent composition, and a 
 pleasure to peruse. 
 
 Her home life was quiet and peaceful. Patiently she 
 assumed the duties which devolved upon her as a wife 
 and mother, and for fifty-three years resided in the same 
 locality until her lifework was done. Her children were 
 taught at her knee the precepts of religion, and her life 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 163 
 
 was a daily reminder of the teachings of the Master. 
 She died March 9th, 1896. 
 
 SAMUEL HENRY, her husband, was a quiet, unob- 
 trusive man, who, like his wife, loved the privacy of 
 home and family life. Faithful to the duties and respon- 
 sibilities devolving upon the pioneer, he was ever atten- 
 tive to the needs and wishes of home and children, and 
 lived to see them reared to manhood and womanhood. 
 He died October 7th, 1880, and was buried in the ceme- 
 tery at Mt. Morris, Illinois, where also repose the re- 
 mains of his wife and of Hugh Linn 2d, who died at his 
 home. 
 
164 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 3att* (HUttt) QfaijUir 
 
 an& 
 
 Andrew Sarkwm (Uaglnr 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY MRS. ELIZABETH COGSWELL.) 
 
 JANE (LINN) TAYLOR was born in Concord, 
 Pennsylvania, July 16, 1818, and married Andrew Jack- 
 son Taylor, April 11, 1837. They resided for more than 
 twenty years at Shade Gap, Pennsylvania, and removed 
 to Fort Littleton, of the same State, where he died, March 
 29, 1884. In the following summer she removed to Car- 
 roll County, Illinois, where two sons and two daughters 
 resided. 
 
 Jane (Linn) Taylor was a member of the Methodist 
 Church for 68 years, and was a woman of unusual intel- 
 ligence, noble Christian character, and sweet, unselfish 
 disposition. In the truest sense she lived for others, 
 always seeking to do good. She was of a quiet and 
 retiring nature, so that only her nearest friends could 
 really know and appreciate her true worth. 
 
 She had eleven children, eight of whom grew to man- 
 hood and womanhood. She died at the home of her son, 
 John Templeton Taylor, in Chicago, Illinois, April 11, 
 1903, that day being the sixty-sixth anniversary of her 
 marriage. Her intellect was clear to the last. Her body 
 rests in Oak Ridge Cemetery, Chicago, where it was car- 
 ried by her three sons and three grandsons. There 
 were living at the time of her decease, six children, 
 twenty-seven grandchildren, and twenty-one great- 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 165 
 
 grandchildren. Her memory is cherished by all who 
 knew her. 
 
 ANDREW JACKSON TAYLOR, husband of Jane 
 (Linn) Taylor, was a son of Caspar Taylor, who was 
 born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, near Philadel- 
 phia, in 1774. His grandfather, John Taylor, came from 
 Germany, and finally settled in Amberson's Valley, seven 
 miles from Concord, where he died in 1831, at the age of 
 eighty years. Andrew Jackson Taylor was a genial but 
 quiet man, fond of conversation, interested in the world's 
 doings, and of much intelligence. He was a saddler and 
 harness-maker by trade, industrious in his habits, a mem- 
 ber of the Methodist Church, a faithful husband and a 
 good father. 
 
 12 
 
166 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 j0j|tt iCtmt 
 
 an& 
 
 ifflargarrt (i^ana) Sinn 
 
 JOHN LINN was born in 1820 and brought up on his 
 father's farm, near Concord, Pennsylvania. When a 
 young man he went to Boonesboro, Maryland, where he 
 taught school for a time and then learned the trade of 
 marble cutting and engraving, which he followed for 
 some years and at intervals during his life. Returning 
 to Path Valley, he bought his father's farm about 1850 
 and resided there until 1867, when he sold his farm and 
 removed to the village of Concord, where he led a re- 
 tired life until his decease in 1895. 
 
 Unlike his brothers, James and Alexander, he was of 
 a very retiring disposition, even shunning society. He 
 was a tireless worker, never taking a day of rest during 
 his active life, except the Sabbath, was frugal and eco- 
 nomical to an extreme, a most careful manager, and as a 
 result accumulated a considerable fortune, so that at his 
 decease church institutions were .benefitted to the extent 
 of nearly forty thousand dollars, they having received 
 the bulk of his money, for which he had received annui- 
 ties. 
 
 He was married to MISS MARGARET HAYS, a 
 most industrious woman of strong Christian character, 
 who died in 1890. She was an invalid for twenty years 
 and suffered greatly from a form of rheumatism. Her 
 patience and Christian resignation, during her many 
 years of suffering, were most remarkable, and she was 
 never known to murmur under the chastening hand of 
 Providence. They had no children. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 167 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY MRS. JOHN J. WOOLHISER.) 
 
 MARGARET LINN, fourth daughter of Hugh and 
 Ann Widney Linn, was born March 26, 1822, among 
 the hills of Franklin County, Pennsylvania. She early 
 learned the duties of a housekeeper, as each of the girls 
 took turns in doing the work of the household, that 
 being the rule of the mother. She became a member of 
 the church at an early age, and has been always a de- 
 voted Christian. She was married when eighteen years 
 of age to her cousin, ABRAHAM LOUGHRIDGE, a 
 marble cutter, who then lived in Maryland, near Boones- 
 boro. In April, 1842, they moved to Ogle County, Illi- 
 nois, going by wagon to Pittsburg and thence to Bur- 
 ington, Iowa, by boat, a trip of nine days on the Ohio 
 and Mississippi Rivers. From the river they traveled 
 by wagon over the almost unbroken prairies to Pine 
 Creek. On their way one of their horses escaped, and 
 father followed him almost all night before catching 
 him, mother in the meanwhile sitting alone on the open 
 prairie with her babe, Ann, only four months old. The 
 baby screamed with colic, mother suffered with thirst, 
 and every instant feared the Indians who were roaming 
 over the country would find and kill them. Father 
 finally returned, and, having reached their destination, 
 they began to build their future home, a small log house, 
 and other buildings. They returned to Pennsylvania for 
 the winter and in the next spring retraced their steps to 
 Illinois, accompanied by Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Henry, 
 
1 68 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Mrs. Henry being a sister of Mrs. Loughridge. Reaching 
 Savanna, Illinois, by boat, the women and three children 
 in a buggy, and the men in a wagon with their household 
 goods, crossed the prairie to their new home. They had 
 but little food and were unable to get any on the way, 
 and passed a night in a cabin, where they slept on the 
 floor. A beautiful horse had been given to mother by 
 her father, and was taken west with them, where they 
 expected to reap a fortune from her foal. After getting 
 settled in their prairie home, they staked their fine horse 
 in the slough for the night, where some thief found her, 
 and they never heard of her again. The two sisters lived 
 in the same house during the next year. The home was 
 improved, a school-house was built on father's farm, 
 and a United Brethren Church organized, which all 
 joined. Other children came as the years passed, and 
 in 1850 my father died of brain fever, when the struggle 
 of a widow with five small children began. Aside from 
 her own home duties, she found time to visit and pray 
 with the sick, lay out the dead, and comfort the sorrow- 
 ing, all for love of the Master. The eldest son enlisted 
 in the army during the Civil War, and the second died. 
 Later she moved to Crawford County, Iowa, repeating 
 her ministrations of love and devotion among new 
 friends, and helped to organize a Methodist Church. 
 Here she still is holding high the banner of Christ, point- 
 ing by her life to the cross, and waiting for the Master's 
 call and the bright-winged messengers who shall bear 
 her home to the waiting ones. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 169 
 
 lr. Akxantor lErarin ICttm 
 
 aab 
 
 ilatitfm (i>t}att?r) IGtrot 
 
 DR. ALEXANDER ERWIN LINN, son of Hugh 
 Linn, 2d. was born in 1826, received an academic train- 
 ing at Tuscarora Academy, Pennsylvania, and studied 
 medicine, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine 
 from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1847. 
 In 1852 he married Miss Matilda Shaver, of Newton 
 Hamilton, Pennsylvania ; practiced medicine in Perry 
 County of that State until the Civil War, and served as 
 surgeon of the 207th Regiment of Pennsylvania Infantry. 
 At the close of the war he relinquished the active prac- 
 tice of medicine and retired to his farm, near Newton 
 Hamilton, but was frequently consulted by local practi- 
 tioners in the treatment of obscure and critical cases of 
 disease. In 1887, his children having gone west, he re- 
 moved to Nebraska, but after a few years returned to 
 Concord, Pennsylvania, at the request of his brother, 
 John, where he resided until his decease in 1902. 
 
 Dr. Linn was a man of superior intelligence, rare 
 gentleness of spirit and strong sympathies, a devoted 
 husband, a kind father, a good citizen, and ever actuated 
 by the purest motives in all his dealings with men. He 
 was for forty years a local preacher in the Methodist 
 Church, and frequently called upon to administer to the 
 spiritual as well as the physical needs of men. He died 
 as he lived, full of faith and hope, a noble example for 
 all, and an inspiration for good and holy living. His 
 
170 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 greatest desire was to extend in every possible way the 
 kingdom of his Master, and of him it may well be said 
 that "though dead he yet speaketh." 
 
 His marriage to Miss Shaver proved to be most con- 
 genial, and for fifty years they trod the path of domestic 
 life together. She was an intelligent, energetic "help- 
 mate," whose chief pleasure was found among her chil- 
 dren and supervising the needs of her home. Like her 
 husband she had a strong religious element in her na- 
 ture, and never ceased both by word and example to in- 
 culcate in the minds of her children deep moral convic- 
 tions. After Dr. Linn's decease she remained in Con- 
 cord until January, 1904, when she removed to Bellwood, 
 Pennsylvania, to reside with her daughter, Mrs. Clara 
 Dysart. She now awaits, at more than four score years 
 of age, the summons of her Master to join her husband, 
 saying, "If our earthly house of this tabernacle be dis- 
 solved, we have a building of God, an house not made 
 with hands, eternal in the heavens." 
 
 Their children were Clara Ellen, John Alexander Wat- 
 son, William Howard, George Edward, Morrison 
 Shaver and Junie. 
 
 MATILDA (SHAVER) LINN was born at Newton 
 Hamilton, Pennsylvania, September 7, 1823. Her great- 
 grandfather came from Germany and settled in the Cum- 
 berland Valley about 1750, where he brought up a family 
 of four boys and four girls. He subsequently moved to 
 Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, and settled on the 
 Aughwick Creek, about four miles below Shirleysburg, 
 in 1770. One of his sons, Major John Shaver, was born 
 in 1762. He was married, in 1794, to Mary Glass, a 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 171 
 
 woman of English descent, and one of their children, 
 Jacob Shaver, the father of Matilda (Shaver) Linn, was 
 born near the present site of Mt. Union, Pennsylvania, 
 in 1796. Jacob Shaver was married, in 1821, to Jane 
 Morrison, born 1801. 
 
 They had three children, Mary A. (1822), Matilda 
 (1823), and Julia A. (1825). Jane (Morrison) Shaver 
 deceased March, 1826. Jacob Shaver married Juliana 
 Morrison in 1829, and had four children, John W. 
 (1831), Sarah J. (1832), Joshua M. (1834), and Lee 
 (1838). 
 
172 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 lEteatmr p. (Hum) ®im?r 
 
 attb 
 
 3f Ultam GTimrr. 
 
 (contributed by harry typer, esq.) 
 
 ELEANOR P. LINN, the youngest child of Hugh 
 Linn and Ann (Widney) Linn, was born at Concord, 
 Pennsylvania, on May 30, 1831, and died at Polo, Illi- 
 nois, September 17, 1905. 
 
 She spent her childhood days with her parents, at Con- 
 cord, of which she had many happy recollections. She 
 often told her children of her many adventures in the 
 mountains when she was a child. She was converted and 
 joined the Methodist Episcopal Church when a child, 
 and did not remember the time when she did not recog- 
 nize Christ as her Saviour. On November 7, 1850, she 
 was united in marriage to William Typer, of Martins- 
 burg, Pennsylvania, where they went to live. They 
 lived at Martinsburg for five years. In 1856 they moved 
 to Illinois. Her two older sisters had come to Illinois 
 previously. They located near Polo, on a farm, and ever 
 after resided in or near Polo. She was the mother of 
 seven boys and three girls, of whom there are six boys 
 and one girl living at present. 
 
 WILLIAM TYPER, son of Charles Typer, was born 
 at Martinsburg, Blair County, Pennsylvania, on June 30, 
 1826. He spent his boyhood days on a farm near Mar- 
 tinsburg, and attended the public schools during win- 
 ters. He was converted when a bov and united with the 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 173 
 
 Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been a member of 
 said church for over sixty years. He followed the occu- 
 pation of farming and stock raising until 1896, when he 
 retired from active business pursuits. Mr. Typer has 
 been a man of great activity, and always doing something 
 besides his regular work as a farmer. He always took 
 an active interest in all public questions for the benefit 
 of the community in which he resided, and always stood 
 for what he believed to be right, regardless of whether 
 or not it was the popular thing. 
 
174 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Janu>a Sinn ana iFamtlg. 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY SAMUEL BOOHER LINN.) 
 
 JAMES LINN was born in the year 1792, and 
 brought up on his father's farm until twenty years of 
 age, when the war of 1812 with Great Britain called the 
 yoemen of the country to arms in defence of the Nation's 
 honor and sense of justice. He at once volunteered to 
 enter the service and joined a company which was re- 
 cruited at Concord, Pennsylvania. His father, Hugh 
 Linn, who had imbibed the spirit of a true American 
 patriot, accompanied his son on a two days' journey on 
 his way to the front, and on parting with him said, "My 
 son, be a good soldier, and never turn back a coward." 
 
 The memories of the battle of the Boyne water and 
 the spirit of religious intolerance which had been so fierce 
 in the Emerald Isle between the "Orange" and the 
 "Green" had been transplanted, and one day in camp he 
 expressed himself concerning St. Patrick's followers in 
 language more vigorous than polite. Several soldiers 
 who were devotees of the patron saint pounced upon him 
 and by main strength threw him into the camp fire. 
 Being a very active man, he was immediately upon his 
 feet, rushed to his gun and would have bayonetted his 
 assailants had not cooler heads prevailed. They at- 
 tempted to have the superior officer punish him, but when 
 he learned the nature of the offence (being himself prob- 
 ably an Orangeman), he said he had done right, and 
 should use his bayonet if attacked again. 
 
 James Linn was a class leader in the Methodist Church, 
 a position of distinction in those davs. He had six sons 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 175 
 
 and one daughter. Four of his sons enlisted in the ser- 
 vice during the Civil War, and his son-in-law, Charles 
 W. Evans, was also in the army. 
 
 NANCY (BOOHER) LINN, youngest child of Cas- 
 par Booher, was born in Huntindon County, Pennsyl- 
 vania, in 1798, and married James Linn 1st in 1815. 
 Her father was a class leader in the Methodist Church, 
 and she became a member of the church in the year she 
 was married. Her father lived to see all his children 
 members of that church, and long afterward his daugh- 
 ter could say with him, "I have lived to see all my chil- 
 dren follow my example." The day was never too warm 
 nor too cold to attend divine service. When the infirmi- 
 ties of age came to her, her chief companion was the 
 Bible, and it was her daily study. Of a truth she was a 
 good woman, and when her work in life seemed done 
 she was anxious to depart and be with Christ. She slept 
 in peace in the year 1877. 
 
 (tapar 1. 2Gtmt. 
 
 CASPAR B. LINN, eldest son of James Linn, enlisted 
 in Company B, 21st Missouri Regiment, in the Civil War, 
 September, 1861. He was discharged in August, 1862, 
 and died the month following. 
 
 MmtB W. Slitm 
 
 atlb 
 
 £>araij (Elftaat £ttm. 
 
 JAMES W. LINN, third son of James Linn, was born 
 in 1824 in Horse Valley, Pennsylvania. His parents 
 moved to the little Aughwick Creek, Huntingdon County, 
 
176 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Pennsylvania, where they lived and died. He married 
 Margaret Linn, daughter of William Linn and grand- 
 daughter of Hugh Linn, in 1847, but their married 
 life was brief, as she died in the same year. In 1855 he 
 married Sarah Chilcoat, who bore to him five children. 
 
 James W. Linn moved to Shelby, Iowa, in 1871, built 
 one of the first houses in that town, and was one of the 
 original members of the Methodist Church there. He 
 bought 80 acres near Shelby, which he improved, but 
 subsequently sold and invested in a fruit farm near Pierce 
 City, Missouri, where he now resides with his daughter, 
 Carrie. During the Civil War he enlisted in the Federal 
 Army, August 29, 1864, and was honorably discharged 
 August 3, 1865. 
 
 SARAH (CHILCOAT) LINN was born in Hares 
 Valley, Pennsylvania, in 1824. She was a good woman, 
 a born Methodist, early learned to sew, knit, spin and 
 weave, as well as do all kinds of housework. She was re- 
 ticent in disposition, but always willing and ready to assist 
 anyone in need, and had many warm friends. 
 
 Ita. Ijwjlj iCimt. 
 
 HUGH LINN, son of James and Nancy Linn, was 
 born in Huntingdon County, Pa., November 18, 1832. 
 Converted at a camp meeting held at Orbisonia, Penn- 
 sylvania, in 1848, he was licensed to exhort in 1855, and 
 to preach in 1856. He served the church faithfully as 
 steward, Sabbath-school superintendent, class leader, 
 exhorter and local preacher. His preparation for the 
 ministry he secured in Cassville Academy in 1855 and 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 177 
 
 1856. He entered the Traveling Connection in the East 
 Baltimore Conference at its beginning in 1857, and was 
 admitted to full membership in the same two years later. 
 He was ordained deacon at Williamsport, Pennsylvania, 
 March 6, 1859, by Bishop Levi Scott, and elder at Cham- 
 bersburg, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1861, by Bishop Mat- 
 thew Simpson. 
 
 He was married at Bloody Run (now Everett), Penn- 
 sylvania, March 26, 1861, to Miss Carrie Feight, by Rev. 
 Charles Cleaver, of the Central Pennsylvania Confer- 
 ence. God gave them four daughters to cheer and hallow 
 their itinerant lives, but called them home to Himself in 
 early girlhood. 
 
 After a faithful and useful ministry of thirty-five 
 years, his rest is blessed. He was a good man and true. 
 He died at his home, in Shelby, Iowa, Saturday, May 
 26, 1894. 
 
 g>atm»l IB. Hum 
 3am> GL (fttam) 2jum. 
 
 SAMUEL B. LINN was born in Huntingdon Coun- 
 ty, Pennsylvania, in 1836. He followed farming until 
 1864, when his brother, Jacob, returned from the army. 
 He then determined to buckle on the sabre and do his 
 part in the great Civil War. He bade all good-bye and 
 started for Harrisburg to enlist. On the way he stopped 
 at the house of his brother, Hugh, to say farewell, but 
 no one was at home. There he wrote his will, signed it 
 with his blood, sealed and left it with a note that the 
 
178 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 envelope was not to be opened unless he should fail to 
 get home from the army alive. 
 
 Reaching Harrisburg, he enlisted, July 28, 1864, in 
 Company A, Ninth Pennsylvania Cavalry, and joined 
 the regiment at Nashville, Tennessee. They were or- 
 dered to Chattanooga, and he met his baptism of fire 
 near Murfreesboro, Tennessee, where the regiment met 
 General Biddle in conflict and came off victors, capturing 
 130 prisoners. They joined General Kilpatrick's Divi- 
 sion at Atlanta, in November. On the 14th of that month 
 the army was reviewed by General Sherman, and on the 
 next day began the famous march across Georgia to the 
 sea. He was with the regiment in its various engage- 
 ments, narrowly escaping capture on two occasions. 
 Once he was decoyed by the enemy, uniformed as Union 
 soldiers, into their very midst. On being ordered to sur- 
 render, he put spurs to his horse and escaped at full gal- 
 lop, his companions being captured. When he reached 
 the Union lines there was a deafening cheer arising from 
 the whole army, which he could not understand until 
 told the news of General Lee's surrender had just been 
 received. This was on April 12, 1865. Some one noting 
 that his horse had had a hard ride, asked him what was 
 the matter. He said in reply that he guessed his horse 
 had heard of the surrender of General Lee. He was 
 honorably discharged at Lexington, N. C, May 26, 1865. 
 
 In 1877 ne s °ld his farm in Pennsylvania, moved near 
 to Shelby, Iowa, where he engaged in agriculture until 
 1 89 1, when he retired to Shelby and lives in peace under 
 his own vine and fig-tree. Like his brothers, he has been 
 from youth a member of the Methodist Church. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 179 
 
 Samuel B. Linn has had four children. The eldest, 
 Luella V., is married to Dr. Albert E. Stevens, of Han- 
 cock, Iowa. Marietta K. graduated at Simpson College, 
 Iowa, in 1894, and died the following year. N. Eliza- 
 beth also graduated at Simpson College in 1894, and is 
 at home with her parents. Samuel H. was a student at 
 Lincoln University, Nebraska, where he died three 
 months before the graduation of his class. 
 
 JANE G. KEAGY, wife of Samuel B. Linn, was born 
 in 1836. She was the daughter of Abraham Keagy, 
 born 1790, the third son of Dr. Abraham Keagy, born 
 in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 1757, and married 
 to Barbara Boehm in 1762. She was a sister of Rev. 
 Henry Boehm, one of Bishop Asbury's traveling com- 
 panions, who was then the oldest preacher in Methodism, 
 living to be one hundred years of age. Dr. Keagy moved 
 to Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, in 1805, taking up a 
 large tract of land at Glen Hope, on the Clearfield 
 Creek. 
 
 Abraham Keagy 2d was married to Elizabeth Shafer 
 (born 1800), in 1825. After his father's death, he moved 
 to the homestead in 1825, and lived there until his death, 
 in 1856. Elizabeth Keagy died in 1882. They were 
 among the founders of the Methodist Episcopal Church 
 in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania. 
 
 Jane G. Keagy was married to Samuel B. Linn, 1865, 
 in Glen Hope, and began housekeeping near Maddens- 
 ville, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, where they re- 
 sided until 1878, when they moved to Iowa, near Shelby. 
 There they settled on 176 acres of prairie land, which 
 they improved, and in 1891 moved to the town of Shelby, 
 
i8o THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 where they are spending their declining years in comfort 
 in a pleasant home, and looking after the interests of 
 their farm. 
 
 3arnb 1L 3Gintt 
 
 and 
 
 ^Btn (GHjilroat) Ufcm. 
 
 JACOB B. LINN was born in 1839 in Huntingdon 
 County, Pennsylvania, and reared on a farm until 1859, 
 when he entered Rainsburg Academy, Blair County, 
 Pennsylvania. He remained there until President Lin- 
 coln issued his first call for troops, when he enlisted, 
 April 23, 1 861, for three years in the Eighth Regiment. 
 Pennsylvania Infantry. He served in the Peninsula 
 campaign ; in the seven days' fight before Richmond un- 
 der General McClellan ; was taken prisoner, June 27, 
 1862, and spent sixty days in Libby prison and on Belle 
 Island. Unfit for duty when exchanged, he was sent to 
 a hospital, but, impatient to be in active service, he took 
 "French leave," and joined his regiment in time to be at 
 the battle of Antietam. He was also at the battle of 
 Fredericksburg, in 1863. He was honorably discharged 
 at Spottsylvania Court House, and mustered out at Pitts- 
 burg, May 23, 1864. 
 
 Returning home in June, he soon after bought a farm, 
 where he remained until 1874, when he moved with his 
 family to near Shelby, Iowa, and bought 120 acres, 
 which he improved. He left his farm in the hands of his 
 son, McKendree, in 1881, and moved to Hand County, 
 South Dakota, where, taking up 480 acres, he remained 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 181 
 
 four years. He then placed his Dakota land in the hands 
 of his sons, Ambrose and McKendree, who now own 800 
 acres and control about 3,000 more as a ranch. Return- 
 ing to Shelby, he remained there until his decease, in 
 1893, which occurred very suddenly. He had gone to 
 Blair, Nebraska, to a reunion with two of his old army 
 messmates. Each had read a paper on his army expe- 
 riences and observations, and when done they knelt in 
 prayer before parting. He began to pray, saying, "We 
 thank Thee, O Lord, that we as comrades have been 
 permitted to meet again. We pray Thee to help us so 
 to live that we may all meet in heaven." As he finished 
 the last sentence, he fell back into the arms of his mess- 
 mates, gasped twice, and his spirit took its flight. Thus 
 did he go to join that vast army of old soldiers, of whom 
 the inscription over the gateway of the National Ceme- 
 tery at Gettysburg says : 
 
 "On Fame's eternal camping ground 
 Their silent tents are spread ; 
 And glory guards with solemn round 
 The bivouac of the dead." 
 
 He was married to Hester Ann Chilcoat, in 1864, and 
 had six sons and one daughter, all living and members 
 of the Methodist Church. Mrs. Linn lives on the farm 
 with her son, Frank. Walter M., the fourth son, grad- 
 uated at Simpson College, in June, 1904, having in view 
 the ministry. Hugh is now a student at Simpson Col- 
 lege. 
 
 13 
 
182 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 HESTER (CHILCOAT) LINN was born in Hunt- 
 ingdon County, Pennsylvania, December 15, 1835, and is 
 the oldest of eight children. She was brought up on a 
 farm and received her education in the common schools. 
 Very early in life the household duties devolved upon 
 her because of the illness of her mother, and she re- 
 mained at home doing faithfully the duties that fall to a 
 daughter, until she was twenty-eight years of age. 
 
 She was married to Jacob B. Linn, October 13, 1864. 
 In 1874 she came to Shelby County, Iowa, with her hus- 
 band and family, and located on the farm, where she still 
 resides. She has been a consistent member of the Meth- 
 odist Church since 1854. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 183 
 
 iHanj (Hum) IGimgijrftrj* 
 
 ani» 
 
 The Loughridges were among the early settlers in 
 Horse Valley, Cumberland (now Perry) County, in the 
 eighteenth century. There were three of that name, who 
 may have been brothers, George, John and Hugh. A 
 copy of a record of the Widney family, in the possession 
 of the writer, says: "Mary Linn (daughter of Sarah 
 (Widney) Linn) married George Loughridge, 1802; 
 died 1826; aged 44 years." The date of the marriage 
 may have been 1812, rather than 1802, due to a mistake 
 of the copyist. 
 
 The same record says, "Margaret Widney, born 1789, 
 married John Loughridge." The name Hugh Lough- 
 ridge appears on the "mill book" or day book of Hugh 
 Linn 2d, who owned a mill, in various business transac- 
 tions, under date of 1825. 
 
 GEORGE AND MARY (LINN) LOUGHRIDGE 
 had a family of seven children, three of whom, Hugh, 
 Mary and Martha, died in early life. George Lough- 
 ridge was a man of much ability and transmitted to his 
 children the same superiority of mind. "He applied the 
 Archimedean lever principle in the construction of a 
 practical lever adapted to work in stone quarries, and 
 having heard that extensive deposits of marble had been 
 discovered and were being worked on the land of the 
 Eaveys, in Washington County, Maryland (Eavey's 
 Luck), he took the device there to test and utilize." 
 
184 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 This was in the early twenties of the last century, and 
 his family remaining- at the home place, a constant corre- 
 spondence was kept up between himself and his wife. 
 Their son, William, had, in i860, a large package of 
 letters writtten by Mary (Linn) Loughridge, his mother, 
 and addressed to his father at the time above mentioned. 
 Of them, Mrs. Edward Williams Barker says: "These 
 letters were lost, but I recall having read them as a child, 
 and having been greatly impressed by their religious 
 tenor and pervading sweet tone. In one she spoke of 
 the death of one of her daughters, from an epidemic 
 then prevailing. In another she grieved over the death 
 of her son, Hugh, whom she idolized." 
 
 Mrs. Alexander Neill writes: "She was evidently a 
 woman of deep religious convictions. Her faith was 
 undimned and her letters showed great resignation, 
 almost an open vision that all was well with her children. 
 They were filled with love and sympathy for her hus- 
 band." 
 
 The love of William Loughridge for his mother 
 amounted to reverence. He considered her the embodi- 
 ment of every Christian virtue." 
 
 After his wife's death, George Loughridge lived in 
 Washington County, Maryland, with the remaining 
 children, George 2d, Abraham, John and William. 
 
 John Barker, of Ashbourne, Pennsylvania, great- 
 grandson of George Loughridge and grandson of Wil- 
 liam Loughridge, contributes the following: 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 185 
 
 BUUam IGougljri&g?. 
 
 WILLIAM LOUGHRIDGE married, March 25, 
 1836, Rachel Eavey. In 1847 he moved with his family 
 to a place he bought at Weverton, Washington County, 
 Maryland, and engaged in the grain business there for 
 some years. 
 
 In 1854 he conceived of a brake for railway cars to 
 be under the control of the engineman, as an improve- 
 ment upon the system then in vogue of having brakemen 
 apply the brakes by hand windlasses operated on each 
 separate car. His thought on the subject evolved the 
 first practical engineers brake for the general purposes 
 of steam railways. 
 
 Writing at a much later date, he states: "In 1854 I 
 saw a locomotive engineer at Weverton, Maryland, run 
 his train some distance beyond the station. When he 
 backed, the brakeman stood near the engine, and he got 
 off and struck him a severe blow, and used some very 
 insulting words, charging him with running by every 
 station from Martinsburg. After he left, it occurred to 
 me that it would be most desirable to place in the hands 
 of the engineer a means to brake his train, and I at once 
 had a large operating model made, and a track over 100 
 feet long, on which I made elaborate experiments, which 
 resulted in the equipment of a train on the Baltimore & 
 Ohio Railroad that operated well. The Cincinnati, Ham- 
 ilton & Dayton Railroad Company was the first to adopt 
 it." 
 
 This steam brake,— the "Old Chain Brake,"— was pat- 
 ented April 10, 1855, and subsequently, and was employed 
 
1 86 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad earlier than October, 
 
 1855- 
 
 It was improved from time to time and in various 
 
 modifications was applied to many American Railroads, 
 
 — among them the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Baltimore 
 
 & Ohio Railroad, the Western Maryland, the Cumberland 
 
 & Pennsylvania, the Ohio & Mississippi, the Cincinnati, 
 
 Hamilton & Dayton, the Indianapolis and Cincinnati, the 
 
 Little Miami, the Memphis and Charleston and many 
 
 others. 
 
 In 1867, in pursuance of this invention, he moved with 
 his family to Patterson, New Jersey, to equip the Central 
 Railroad of New Jersey. 
 
 About 1869, he bought a place in Baltimore, Maryland, 
 where he lived until his wife died in 1883. Thereafter he 
 remained in Baltimore until 1885, when he moved to 
 Philadelphia to live with his daughter, Mrs. Edward 
 Williams Barker, where he died in 1891. He was buried 
 with his wife at Hagerstown, Maryland. 
 
 I have a copy of a letter dated September 25th, 1855, 
 which Thomas A. Scott, then Assistant Superintendent 
 and afterwards President of the Pennsylvania Railroad 
 Company, wrote to William Loughridge in enthusiastic 
 praise of his invention ; which he described as "undoubt- 
 edly one of the great improvements of the age." Under 
 date of August 27th, 1859, J. Edgar Thompson, then 
 President of the Pennsylvania Company, wrote: "The 
 practical operation of the brake since its introduction has 
 equalled the promises of the inventor." 
 
 His Brake System was eventually superseded by the 
 Westinghouse System, but not until his resources were 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 187 
 
 exhausted in a protracted civil suit against the Westing- 
 house Air Brake Company for infringements of his pat- 
 ents, in which he endeavored to show that "the so-called 
 'Westinghouse Brake' was in all its important and suc- 
 cessful features, his invention, in which he was fully 
 protected by Letters Patent." 
 
 William Loughridge profoundly deliberated and ex- 
 tensively wrote upon the various elements involved in the 
 problem of railway car braking and discussed with an 
 acute sense of the results of their practical operation, as 
 applied to moving trains, the physical laws of force, — of 
 Weight, Velocity, Momentum, etc. In 1865 he published 
 a pamphlet on "Friction in its practical relation to Rolling 
 Stock." Few men, living or dead, had, as he had, the 
 continuous and prolonged practical experience necessary 
 for an adequate treatment of this difficult subject: and 
 the opportunities he enjoyed to observe the effects and 
 results of friction, as affecting practical transportation, 
 which was keenly taken advantage of by observations and 
 experiments for months at a time in almost all the great 
 American railway shops and on the tracks, as well as his 
 patient and painstaking private experiments and frequent 
 conferences with the ablest master-mechanics of his day, 
 make his findings of a value perhaps less only than the 
 conclusions of the celebrated French scientist Morin. 
 
188 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 CHARLES LINN, eldest son of John Linn, was born 
 in 1803, married in 1824 to Martha Snyder, and died in 
 1876. He was brought up on his father's farm, and after 
 his marriage moved to Fulton county, farther west, 
 where he engaged in farming. He was a man of large 
 frame but spare of flesh, had blue eyes and dark hair and 
 inherited an iron constitution, which stood him in good 
 stead during a long life of incessant toil. He was en- 
 dowed with great energy, a man of most industrious 
 habits, of positive convictions but ever ready to acknow- 
 ledge a mistake, of religious fervor manifesting itself in 
 regularity in church attendance and family worship, and 
 in liberal contributions to church support. He was a 
 strong advocate of temperance and gave his vote as an 
 elector to the man whom he believed honest and efficient 
 in advancing the public welfare. He was of quiet dis- 
 position, an actor rather than a talker, applied himself 
 diligently to business, acquiring control of considerable 
 property and conducted himself as a worthy and upright 
 citizen. He retained control of his physical and mental 
 energies until the last and never ceased to take an active 
 interest in the work of life. He died, as he lived, full of 
 faith and hope, and was buried at McKendree Church, 
 near Emmaville, Pennsylvania. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 189 
 
 ^aralf (Hum) i^tttjter 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY HUGH LINN SNYDER.) 
 
 SARAH LINN was born in Horse Valley, Pennsyl- 
 vania, Sept. 22d, 1806, and was married to John Snyder, 
 of Hill Valley, Pennsylvania, in February, 1825. After 
 her marriage she went with her husband to Hill Valley, 
 Pennsylvania, but soon moved from there to Black Log 
 Valley, and after residing there a short time settled in 
 Springfield Township, Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania. 
 There the better part of their lives was spent and most 
 of their children born. As the youngest of the family 
 is trying to write this short sketch, his memory goes back 
 to the old home and he remembers it as one of industry 
 and toil, but where friends and neighbors were ever wel- 
 come, no one ever saying aught against the family of 
 John Snyder, whose door was always open to the minis- 
 ter of the Gospel, they being active members of the 
 Methodist Church from early manhood and womanhood. 
 In their home the family altar was erected and the gospel 
 fire kept burning thereon. In the fall of 1865 they sold 
 their farm on the Aughwick to Hugh and Jacob B. Linn 
 and moved to Johnson county, Iowa, where they settled 
 on the prairie and opened up a new farm, but only lived 
 there a few years. They sold the farm and moved to 
 Tiffin, Iowa, where her husband died, November 4, 1878, 
 at the age of seventy-eight years. She resided there until 
 her death, June nth, 1892, being eighty-five years, six 
 months and nineteen days old. 
 
ipo THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Mm (?Cinn) Uttog 
 
 anii 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY OLIVER HANNA WIDNEY.) 
 
 JOHN PATTERSON WIDNEY, born Nov. 28, 1816, 
 married Jane Linn, daughter of John Linn, Sept. 26, 
 1835, and in the spring of 1836 they moved to Indiana, 
 settling near the site of the present town of Newville, 
 twenty-six miles northeast of Fort Wayne, when that 
 country was yet a wilderness. There they built a cabin 
 and cultivated the land, experiencing all the hardships of 
 the early settlers. In 1851 Mr. Widney was elected 
 Clerk of the De Kalb county Circuit Court, and they re- 
 moved to Auburn, the county seat. After the expiration 
 of his term of office, 1856, he held various other public 
 offices, Deputy Collector of the U. S. Internal Revenue, 
 Justice of the Peace, Township Trustee, etc., and all of 
 these offices he filled with credit to himself and to the 
 satisfaction of the people. 
 
 He was a member of the House of Representatives of 
 Indiana in the session of 1847-48, and was re-nominated, 
 but defeated because he advocated the free school system 
 and a bill to regulate the sale of intoxicating liquors. He 
 acquired a great reputation as a financier and accumulat- 
 ed quite a fortune, but in doing so never charged any 
 more than the legal rate of interest and never distressed 
 any one, while on the other hand he has saved the home 
 of many a poor man. His reputation for honorable deal- 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 191 
 
 ing and just treatment of his fellows is universally prais- 
 ed by those who best know him. No man in DeKalb 
 county has borne a higher reputation in all things per- 
 taining to the public welfare. He was ever called upon 
 by the people to represent them in matters of general in- 
 terest, such as granting privileges to corporations. He 
 was never present at a meeting when he became a nom- 
 inee for office and never in any sense an office seeker. 
 As a young man he was very erect, six feet in height, was 
 quick in action, in conversation or making an address, 
 was a good writer as well as speaker, forcible in an argu- 
 ment, but always treating his opponents with the greatest 
 courtesy. 
 
 JANE (LINN) WIDNEY died at Auburn, Indiana, 
 October 12th, 1851, having born five children, only two 
 of whom are now living, Samuel Linn Widney and Oliver 
 Hanna Widney, both of whom reside at St. Joe Station, 
 Indiana. 
 
 Mr. Widney afterward married Mary Henderson Wid- 
 ney, who bore five children, three of whom still survive, 
 Mary Alice (wife of Abner Lewis), John Morris and 
 Cora (wife of Akin Lodawick). 
 
 At this writing, March, 1904, Mr. Widney, although 
 in his 88th year, retains all his faculties and is extremely 
 active for one of his age. 
 
192 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Santas Slinn 
 
 atib 
 
 Sjatmatj (2Uib?rtB) Htnn, 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY SYLVESTER AND SARAH P. LINN.) 
 
 JAMES LINN, son of John Linn and Jane Scyoc 
 Linn, was born September 29th, 1820. His youth was 
 spent on his father's farm, and on April 29th, 1841, he 
 married Hannah Roberts. He subsequently moved to 
 Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, where he remained 
 until June, 1857, when he went to Rock Island, Illinois. 
 In September, 1865, he moved to Iowa, in which State 
 he carried on farming for many years. He then removed 
 with his family to Washington, where they bought 1,300 
 acres of land and built a home at South Bend. 
 
 James Linn was six feet two inches in height, had 
 black hair and eyes, a very cheerful disposition, always 
 looking on the bright side of life, and was a man of 
 strong Christian character. He joined the Methodist 
 Church early in life. He was not a great talker, but fond 
 of company, and especially of children. He retained his 
 mental faculties until the last, kept a lively interest in 
 business matters and often talked of the friends and busi- 
 ness associates of his early days. He was a very healthy, 
 vigorous man, never having had a doctor until after his 
 seventieth year. He never used tobacco nor intoxicating 
 liquor, nor does any one of his children, of whom there 
 were fourteen, nine boys and five girls, of whom eleven 
 are still living. He had no fear of death, and in his last 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 193 
 
 days expressed himself as ready to die. He died May 
 25th, 1904. 
 
 HANNAH (ROBERTS) LINN, wife of James Linn, 
 was born March 15th, 1821. Her parents were Pennsyl- 
 vania Germans. She and her husband were greatly de- 
 voted to each other during their long married life of 
 sixty-three years, never being apart but once for three 
 months. She was a strong and energetic woman, ready 
 to do her full share of life's work, and to accompany her 
 husband in his movements from place to place. She 
 joined the Methodist Church early in life, and was a con- 
 sistent Christian, training her children to become faith- 
 ful, conscientious men and women. During the last five 
 years of her life she was not able to attend church ser- 
 vices, but her Bible was her constant companion. Her 
 mind continued clear and her last words were "I am 
 going to sleep to waken in eternity." She died July 24th, 
 1904, having survived her husband just sixty days. 
 
194 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 ^VLafo Hilliam ICtntt anfc iFamilg. 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY DR. SAMUEL H. LINN.) 
 
 HUGH WILLIAM LINN was born in 1818 in 
 County Clare, Ireland. August 12, 1840, he married Miss 
 Mary Chadvvick, of Manchester, England, at Dublin, Ire- 
 land. Emigrating to this country they settled in Phila- 
 delphia, Pa., where they made their home until his death 
 at the age of 82. Mrs. H. W. Linn is still living in Phila- 
 delphia. Hugh W. Linn was an honest, sturdy, hard- 
 working man, a good Christian, devoting his whole life 
 to his wife and children. Their home life was an ideal 
 one and, although unable to supply all the luxuries of 
 life, it was a happy, helpful home. Mr. Linn was a life- 
 long member of the Masonic Order and the I. O. O. F. 
 
 Their marriage was blessed with six sturdy sons and 
 two daughters, of whom four sons, William, Samuel, 
 Thomas and Hugh, and one daughter, Mary A., wife of 
 William Adams, still survive. One daughter, Jennie 
 Linn, and two sons, Matthew and Benjamin F. Linn, are 
 deceased. 
 
 ir. £>amu*l if. Xinn. 
 
 SAMUEL H. LINN, second son of Hugh W. and 
 Mary Chadwick Linn, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., 
 September 26, 1843. Being obliged to battle with the 
 world at an early age, he engaged in various occupations 
 during his earlier years. Entering the U. S. Navy as a 
 Volunteer Officer during the Civil War he saw active 
 service on the U. S. S. "Shamrock" (Flagship, Fourth 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 195 
 
 Division, North Atlantic Squadron), in Albemarle 
 Sound, off Edenton, and at the mouth of the Roanoke 
 River, also special service on the U. S. Tug "J- E. Baz- 
 ley" in same place. Service on the U. S. S. "Aries" off 
 Cape Fear and at Fort Fisher, special service at Balti- 
 more, Md., and service on the U. S. S. "Mackinaw" in 
 the North Atlantic Squadron and West Indies, being hon- 
 orably discharged, June 1, 1866. 
 
 After obtaining a degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery 
 he went abroad and located at St. Petersburg, Russia, 
 where he practiced eight years, returning to this country 
 in 1877 to take his degree of M.D. at the University of 
 Pennsylvania, after which he again took up his residence 
 at St. Petersburg for ten years, numbering among his 
 patients the present Dowager Empress and several mem- 
 bers of the Imperial Family. During his 18 years' resi- 
 dence in Russia he returned to America every year, and 
 has a record of crossing the ocean 40 times. 
 
 Since his permanent return to the United States in 
 1887 he has divided his time and residence between 
 Brooklyn, New York City and Rochester, where he has 
 been located for the past 15 years. He has contributed 
 his mite to the cause of medicine and medical literature, 
 besides having made a translation of Dr. E. Doyen's 
 "Technique Chirurgicale," a work of 600 pages. 
 
 Dr. Linn married in 1886 Edith Lenore Willis, only 
 child of Dr. F. L. H. and Love M. Whitcomb Willis. 
 Mrs. Linn is a writer of verse and has contributed con- 
 siderably to current literature. Her poem "Restless 
 Heart Don't Worry So," has been translated into French, 
 Russian and German, widely circulated in England and 
 
ig6 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 the United States and set to music by three different com- 
 posers. She has published several books of verse. 
 
 Two sons have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Linn, Willis, 
 aged 18, and Benjamin F., aged 16. The elder is study- 
 ing for the Medical and the younger for the Dental pro- 
 fession. 
 
 THOMAS LINN, son of Hugh W. and Mary Linn, 
 born in Philadelphia, 1845. Like his brother Samuel, his 
 earlier energies were directed along various lines. In 
 1872 he took the degree of M.D. from the University of 
 New York, after which he went abroad and continued 
 his medical studies, receiving a diploma from the Fac- 
 ulte de medicine of Paris. He is now practicing medi- 
 cine at Nice, France, in winter, and at Geneva, Switzer- 
 land, in summer. He has contributed much to medical 
 literature both in this country, England and France. He 
 has ever sought the company of good books and sages, 
 rather than conspicuous position, and by his brothers is 
 considered the "scientific" member of the family. He is 
 a recognized authority on European Health Resorts, 
 (see "The Health Resorts of Europe," London). He is 
 a member of the "Continental Anglo-American Medical 
 Society" and for several years was Physician to the Bath- 
 ing Establishments at Aix-les-Bains and Marlioz, Mem- 
 ber of the British Medical Association and Fellow of the 
 New York Academy of Medicine, etc., etc. 
 
 With his wife Annette he is reaping the reward of his 
 well-directed efforts and in all probability he will spend 
 his remaining years abroad. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 197 
 
 Ir. ijwjlj 3amfB ICtttn. 
 
 HUGH JAMES LINN born in Philadelphia, Pa., May 
 26, 1850. Received education in the public schools of 
 Philadelphia. Studied dentistry and graduated in 1875 
 from the Penna. College of Dental Surgery. Practiced 
 dentistry in Paris, France. Returned to America and 
 took up the study of medicine, and in 1878 graduated 
 from the Medical Department, University of Pennsylva- 
 nia. Has since practiced medicine in New York City and 
 Buffalo, N. Y. Was married to Mary E. Shaughney, of 
 Philadelphia. Pa., May 26th, 1872. Has one child, Lewis 
 Fields Linn, born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 25th, 1883, 
 who was married August 24th, 1905, to Bertha Louise 
 Knight, of Buffalo, N. Y., born in Buffalo, March 21st, 
 1884. 
 
 14 
 
198 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 Mm (iGtmt) (Eampbrll 
 Robert (ftampbelL 
 
 (CONTRIBUTED BY MRS. DANIEL RALPH ENNIS.) 
 
 JANE LINN was born in 1795, in Horse Valley, Cum- 
 berland (now Perry) county, Penna., and died near Con- 
 cord, Franklin county, Penna., April 7, 1842. In 1817 
 she was married to Robert Campbell, with whom she lived 
 in harmony till death. To them were born eight children. 
 
 Her most marked characteristics, perhaps, were her 
 unbounded energy and remarkable piety. As the mother 
 of a laree family she was a most industrious, frugal and 
 God-fearing woman, and by her strong personality im- 
 pressed indelibly upon her children these same traits of 
 diligence and economy, softened by a simple faith in God. 
 The spinning wheel occupied a prominent place in the 
 economy of the household ; flax for linen, and wool for 
 the family flannel as well as yarn for the numerous 
 stockings must all be prepared in the home. But work 
 never was allowed to interfere with the observance of the 
 Sabbath. She was a most devout Christian woman, a 
 member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and was al- 
 most extreme in her religious views and observances. 
 Vegetables that were not gathered on Saturday were 
 notable by their absence on the Sunday dinner table; 
 choice berries brought her, by her children, were refused 
 if gathered on the Sabbath Day. 
 
 The health of Mrs. Jane Campbell was ailing for a 
 number of years previous to her death and on one occas- 
 ion her family despaired of her recovery. At this time 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 199 
 
 her brother John Linn came to see her. After calling at 
 her bedside and noting her enfeebled condition, he re- 
 tired to the barn to pray. His earnest pleadings were 
 audible to those at the house, to which he soon returned 
 with the glad assurance, "Well, Jennie, you'll not die 
 this time." A few years later when the spring blossoms 
 were spreading their fragrance on the air, she died, ex- 
 horting her children, some of whom were yet quite young, 
 to meet her in heaven. 
 
 ROBERT CAMPBELL was born in the year 1798, in 
 Franklin County, Pa. Though bearing an unmistakable 
 Scotch name, his immediate ancestors were of Irish birth 
 and doubtless belonged to the famous group of Protest- 
 ants who fled from Scotland to Ireland to escape religious 
 persecution. He was a man of sterling character and of 
 an unusually kind disposition. As a young man he mar- 
 ried Jane Linn, and they made their home near the little 
 village of Concord, sheltered on all sides by the moun- 
 tains, which to them were the inevitable boundaries. 
 In this home in Franklin County were born to them a 
 large family, and from it the mother was carried to her 
 resting place on the hill, not far away ; and the father was 
 left to perform that most difficult task in life — take the 
 part of mother as well as father to a family. This he did 
 most nobly, bringing up the children in "the faith of our 
 fathers." 
 
 When the children were grown and all but two married, 
 he married Miss Herron, with whom he lived till his 
 death, in December, 1880. 
 
 After a few years the old home, with its fine brick 
 buildings, passed into the hands of strangers, though still 
 known as the "Old Campbell Place." 
 
200 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 •Dtarg (3Cum) 30allarr. 
 
 NANCY LINN WALLACE, youngest child of Hugh 
 Linn, was born 1801, and married to Hugh Wallace, 
 1820. Small of stature but light of foot as a deer, she 
 was a marvel of agility and energy. For fifty-eight years 
 she fulfilled faithfully and well the offices of wife and 
 mother, holding her family well in hand, and superin- 
 tending efficiently the work of the farm after her hus- 
 band's decease until her children were able to relieve 
 her of the responsibility. 
 
 She was a hospitable woman whose door was ever open 
 to anyone in distress, as well as to her own friends. She 
 survived her husband fourteen years, and in 1868 was 
 called to meet him in another life. 
 
 Jnfjtt 3§allarr. 
 
 JOHN WALLACE, oldest son of Hugh and Nancy 
 (Linn) Wallace, was born at Concord, Pa., 1821, and 
 married Elizabeth Berry, 1848. Receiving a common 
 school education, he taught school for a time, but his ag- 
 gressive and energetic spirit soon called him into the 
 more stirring scenes of life and he went to Kansas as a 
 pioneer in the fifties, when that State was rent by political 
 factions, which for a time made it, as was said of Ken- 
 tucky in the Indian wars, "a dark and bloody ground/' 
 He there engaged in stock raising and farming, and did 
 his full share in the development of the country. For many 
 years his nearest depot of supplies was Kansas City or 
 Fort Leavenworth, a hundred and fifteen miles away, and 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 201 
 
 ox teams the only conveyance, necessitating several weeks 
 for making a trip. He served as Justice of the Peace in 
 the new State, and was very popular, though a mob once 
 lynched a desperado he had arrested. He brought up a 
 family of five children, four of whom are still residents 
 of the "Sunflower State." Industrious and economical, 
 he acquired several sections of fine farming land, and 
 some thousands of dollars in ready money, and died at 
 the age of eighty-three years, leaving behind him an ex- 
 ample of thrift and energy worthy of the State of his 
 adoption. 
 
 fuul? Wallar*. ir. 
 
 and 
 
 &arafj Ann (£>tak?) Hallarp. 
 
 HUGH WALLACE, JR., was born 1838 and died 
 1904. He lived all his life in the homestead at Concord, 
 Pa. His father died when he was but sixteen years of 
 age, and he was left with his brother, Henry, to cultivate 
 the farm and care for his mother and sisters. The Civil 
 War called Henry into the service, to be brought home 
 in a coffin in 1863, and henceforth the entire responsi- 
 bility of caring for the family depended on the exertions 
 of Hugh. He grappled with the task unflinchingly, and 
 when many would have been disheartened, continued 
 year after year to do his work in a heroic and unselfish 
 manner. 
 
 In 1872 he married MISS SARAH ANN STAKE, 
 who proved a most industrious and efficient helpmate, 
 
202 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 and two children were added to the household, one of 
 them still living with her mother, and one married, in 
 1896, to William Shearer, of Spring Run, Pa. Hugh 
 Wallace was a man of excellent character, earnest, gen- 
 erous to a fault, always ready to assist a friend by day 
 or night, honest to the core, and his word was as good as 
 his bond. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 203 
 
 Sr. George 3§Uba Utrnt. 
 
 GEORGE WILDS LINN, third son of James Wid- 
 ney Linn, was born 1844, received an academic educa- 
 tion at Tuscarora Academy, Juniata County, Pa., volun- 
 teered during the Civil War in the 107th Regiment, 
 Pennsylvania Infantry, and was with the Federal Army 
 on the evacuation of Richmond and Petersburg and at 
 the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox Court 
 House, May 9, 1865. At the close of the war he again 
 entered student life, graduated from Dickinson College, 
 Carlisle, Pa., in 1869, and was assigned the Latin saluta- 
 tory oration at commencement. He studied medicine at 
 the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and receiv- 
 ed the degree of Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) in 1872. 
 He subsequently received the degree of Master of Arts 
 (A.M.) from Dickinson College, and that of Doctor of 
 Philosophy (Ph.D.) from the University of Pennsylva- 
 nia. He spent a year and a half as assistant physician in 
 hospital work in Philadelphia, and then went abroad to 
 pursue special studies in medicine at the Universities of 
 Gottingen and Vienna, where he remained nearly two 
 years. Returning to America he began the practice of 
 medicine in Philadelphia and was appointed one of the 
 physicians and lecturers on the staff of the Philadelphia 
 Hospital, a position held for six years, when a^ long 
 and critical illness (pleuro-pneumonia) disabled him so 
 permanently that he was compelled to relinquish all pri- 
 vate and public work indefinitely. He spent several 
 years in Colorado and California, in hope of recuperat- 
 
204 THE CLAN LINN. 
 
 ing, and when in Los Angeles accepted the Professor- 
 ship of Clinical Medicine in the University of Southern 
 California, but the precarious condition of his health re- 
 quired him, after a year, to forego the greatest pleasure 
 of his life, that of teaching. 
 
 In 1878 he married Miss Xaomi Anderson Fisher, of 
 Brvn Mawr, Pa. 
 
 His permanent address is Brvn Mawr, Pa. 
 
 

 T. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 »0 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 ^ 
 
 .0 » v * ° 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 .0* 
 
 
 
 "^ - 
 
 
 0° 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •>" 
 
 
 
 
 *z- 
 
 
 *bv» 
 
 
 ,-r . ( 
 
 
 
 
 
 °* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •* 
 
 
 
 
 
 °- 
 
 
 •» 
 
 
 
<\ 
 
 
 
 
 ^o« 
 
 
 
 fir, 
 
 .s- 
 
 ^ \^ »N 
 
 
 » , 1 - ^,> 
 
 
 
 ^ A^ 
 
 
 ■w \0 
 
 v V 
 
 y- "P .,"»■ y 
 
 +*J 
 
 % A