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HISTOEICAL SKETCHES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 COLLEGES OF WISCONSIN, 
 
 PREPARED FOR THE 
 
 r, \o 
 
 NATIONAL CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION 
 
 For 1876. 
 
 \_v6WARy 
 
 ^/ 
 
 Ac 
 
 
 MADISON, WIS.: 
 
 ATWOOD & CULVER, 
 
 Printers and Stereotypers. 
 
 1S76. 
 
 7r 
 

PREFACE. 
 
 Tn" Wisconsin, as elsewhere in our coiintr}^ the earli- 
 est institutions for higher education originated with 
 Christian churches of different names. However com- 
 plete may be the organization of public instruction 
 under state authority, there Avill always be place and 
 demand for distinctively Christian colleges to infuse into 
 the body politic some positive religious influence in 
 connection with the processes of education. This has 
 been recognized in our state by the readiness of the 
 legislature to grant liberal charters for such institu- 
 tions, and to extend to them the fostering care and pro- 
 tection of the laws. 
 
 The accompanying sketches have been prepared at 
 the several institutions in accordance with a resolution 
 of the Wisconsin State Teachers' Association, and are 
 published under the direction of the State Superintend- 
 ent of Public Instruction, to be presented at the Na- 
 tional Centennial Exposition, as one phase of the w^ork 
 of education sustained in Wisconsin. The institutions 
 
IV COLLEGES OF WISCONSIN!. 
 
 here represented are open to the visitation of state offi- 
 cers and others, and make annual statements of their 
 condition, which are embodied in the yearly report of 
 the State Superintendent. Their work is carried on 
 in harmony and cooperation with that of the public 
 schools of every grade. 
 
 The statute books of Wisconsin show collegiate 
 charters granted at different times to the following in- 
 stitutions, besides those here represented, viz: 
 
 Carroll College, Waukesha, 18i6. 
 
 Sinsinawa Mound College, in Grant County, 1848. 
 
 Galesville University, Galesville, 1854. 
 
 Marquette College, in Milwaukee, 1864. 
 
 Wisconsin Female College, Fox Lake, 1855. 
 
 Wayland University, Beaver Dam, 
 
 Pio Nono College, 
 
 St. John's College, 
 
 Northwestern University, 
 
 Milwaukee Female College. 
 
 Some of these institutions attempt only the work of 
 an academy. Others are under strict ecclesiastical con- 
 trol. None of them reported to the State Superintend- 
 ent for the year 1875, except Carroll College, which, by 
 formal act of its trustees, will henceforth confine itself 
 
PEEFACE. \- 
 
 to the miscellaneous work of an academy, with thor- 
 ough instruction preparatory to college. 
 
 A. L. CHAPIN, 
 
 Chairman of the Department of Colleges, 
 
 Beloit, May 1, 1876. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Beloit College, •..••. 1 
 
 Racine College, - . . - . - 33 
 
 Milton College, ..... 67 
 
 Lawrence University, - .... 97 
 
 RirON College, ...... 107 
 
HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 OF 
 
 BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 ORIGIN. 
 
 The course of migration in our country runs natu- 
 rally from east to west on lines of latitude; there was 
 thus a large infusion of New England elements in the 
 stream of human life which first poured in to occupy 
 the territory of Wisconsin and northern Illinois. Puri- 
 tan ideas of the home, the school, the church and the 
 college were transplanted and took root here with 
 the first upturning of the prairie sod. They were es- 
 pecially cherished in the Congregational and Presbyte- 
 rian churches organized. Hence, Avithin ten 3'ears of 
 the time when the Lidian council fires were extin- 
 guished by the Black Hawk war, representatives of 
 these churches were gathered in council, praying to- 
 gether and thinking on a college. These thoughts were 
 deepened, in conference with others at a convention of 
 representatives of those two denominations from the 
 northwestern states, held at Cleveland, Ohio, in June, 
 1844. They became defined and matured in four successive 
 conventions, held in that and the following year, for the 
 specific purpose of considering what could be done for 
 the promotion of higher education for Wisconsin and 
 1 
 
Zi> HISTORICAL SKETCH. 
 
 northern Illinois. These deliberations resulted in a 
 unanimous judgment of a convention, which numbered 
 sixty-eight members, that a college for young men, and 
 a female seminary of the highest order for young 
 women, should be established, one in Wisconsin and the 
 other in Illinois, near to the border line of the two 
 states. The college was located at Beloit_, Wis.; the 
 female seminary was subsequently located at Rockford, 
 111. In October, 1845, the fourth convention adopted a 
 form of charter, and elected a Board of Trustees, to 
 whom was committed the charge of carrying forward 
 the enterprise. Beloit was selected as the place for the 
 college, because it was central and easy of access to the 
 population of the two states, and because the people of 
 that village had already evinced an interest in the work 
 of education by sustaining a seminary which offered 
 facilities superior to any found elsewhere in the region. 
 
 THE CHARTER. 
 
 On application, the territorial legislature of AViscon- 
 sin enacted a charter for the college, approv^ed February 
 2d, 1846, and printed on pages 103-4 of the volume of 
 Laws of Wisconsin for 1846. The corporate title is 
 "The Board of Trustees of Beloit College." By the 
 act of incorporation, the board of trustees consists of 
 sixteen members, with power to increase the number to 
 twenty-four. Any seven constitute a quorum for the 
 transaction of business. The board elects new mem- 
 bers for no definite term of service, but failure for more 
 than one year to attend to the duties of the trust may 
 create a vacancy. The charter specifies no particular 
 requirements for membership. The following persons 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. O 
 
 are named as original trustees, viz.: Reverends A. Kent, 
 D. Clary, S. Peet, F. Bascom, C. Waterbury, J. D. 
 Stevens, A. L. Chapin and R. M. Pearson, and Messrs. 
 G. W. Hickcox, A. Raymond, C. M. Goodsell, E. H. 
 Potter, L. G. Fisher, W. Talcott, C. G. Hempstead and 
 S. Hinman — one half clergymen and one half laymen; 
 one half resident in Wisconsin and one half in Illinois, 
 Of these original members, nine have deceased, four are 
 still in the board, which at present numbers twenty- 
 three. The charter passes the administration of the 
 college into the hands of the board of trustees, with 
 broad general powers, subject to no direct supervision 
 or control by the state or municipal authorities. The 
 college is, however, always open to visitation, and, in 
 accordance with a subsequent statute, a report of the 
 condition of the institution is made annually to the 
 State Superintendent of Public Instruction. The Con- 
 gregational and Presbyterian Churches of Wisconsin 
 and northern Illinois are regarded as the proper con- 
 stituency of the college; but the charter precludes 
 the prescription of any religious tenets or opin- 
 ions as qualifications required of instructors or condi- 
 tions of admission for students. Its aim is accordingly 
 to give a Christian, but not a sectarian, education. The 
 charter fixes the location oi the college and all its de- 
 partments in Beloit, and reserves to the legislature full 
 power to alter or repeal the act of incorporation. The 
 board of trustees are empowered to confer on those 
 whom they may deem worthy, all such honors and de- 
 grees as are usually conferred by like institutions. The 
 original charter has served the purpose of the college 
 thus far without amendment or alteration. 
 
4 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 THE OBJECT OF THE COLLEGE. 
 
 The American college is an institution sui generis^ 
 developed by circumstances and conditions peculiar to 
 this country. The founders of Beloit College had be- 
 fore them the type form, as presented in the colleges of 
 the older states, especially in those of New England, and 
 their aim was, not in servile imitation to copy a model, 
 but as wisely as possible to adapt the leading ideas and 
 features of those institutions to the fresh life and swift 
 growth of the west. So, the object of the institution 
 they aimed to build was defined to be, to provide for the 
 thorough, liberal, Christian education of young men; 
 education being understood to mean chiefly, a self- 
 development of the individual under training, to a true 
 self-possession and command of his best faculties. The 
 course of study was thus arranged for discipline even 
 more than for instruction, though both are included. 
 The design comprehends a training in language as the 
 great instrument and condition of all culture, civiliza- 
 tion or thought; in mathematics and science, as means 
 of both guiding the processes of investigation and 
 thought, and furnishing the matter of learning ; in the 
 histo)-ips of nature and of man, as the sources of practical 
 knowledge; and in those philosophic and moral prin- 
 ciples necessary to complete the general preparation for 
 a broad and useful life. Under the conviction that 
 positive principles of religious faith are essential to 
 right thought as well as to right life, the institution is 
 intended to be a religious college — not denominational, 
 but distinctly and earnestly evangelical. Its endeavor 
 is to combine in its culture, learning, religion and 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 5 
 
 morality, so as to form habits of thouglit, faith and 
 rectitude, which will best fit men alike to succeed in the 
 world, to do the world good, and to realize the Christian's 
 hope in the world to come. 
 
 HISTORY. 
 
 The Board of Trustees of Beloit College held their 
 first meeting October 23d, 1845, and took preliminary 
 measures to secure a charter, select a location and devise 
 a plan for a building. The charter enacted by the legis- 
 lature was accepted October 13th, 1846. On the 21:th of 
 June, 1847, the corner stone of the first building was 
 laid with appropriate ceremonies and public exercises. 
 On the same da}' the first appointment of a professor 
 was made, but that appointment was declined. The 
 college was opened for its first class October 15, 1847, 
 when five young men were examined, admitted as a 
 Freshman class, and placed temporarily under the in- 
 struction of Mr. S. T. Merrill, then in charge of the 
 Beloit Seminary. On the 23d of May, 1848, Mr. Jack- 
 son J. Bushnell was appointed Professor of Mathemat- 
 ics and Natural Philosoph}', and Mr. Joseph Emerson 
 Professor of Languages. These two gentlemen entered 
 upon their duties at once, and to them was committed 
 the class already received, and the further internal or- 
 ganization and administration of the college. On the 
 21st of November, 1849, Rev. Aaroii L. Chapin was 
 elected President of the college. He entered upon the 
 duties of that office February 1st, 1850, and on the 24th 
 of July of the same year he was formally inaugurated 
 with public exercises held in a grove near the north- 
 west corner of the college grounds. The first class was 
 
6 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 graduatedsJuly 9fch, 1851. Since then, a regular ncces- 
 sion of classes has been kept up. Other appointments 
 to the faculty of instruction, the enlargement of the 
 college in the erection of buildings, the accumulation 
 of endowments and the numbers of the several classes as 
 graduated are given further on, under distinct titles. 
 At the close of the first decade of the life of the col- 
 lege, a convention of its friends was held July 8th, 1857, 
 when Prof. J. Emerson delivered a historical address, 
 and resolutions were adopted recognizing the divine fa- 
 vor to the enterprise, and commending the college anew 
 to the confidence of the friends of thorough education, 
 with an earnest appeal for contributions to increase its 
 resources. The annual commencement, Jul}' llth, 1869, 
 was made an occasion of special interest l:)y the formal 
 dedication of the Memorial Hall, erected in honor of 
 those connected with the college who had served in the 
 war for the preservation of the Union. Hon. Matthew 
 H. Carpenter, U. S. Senator from Wisconsin, delivered 
 an oration, and several of the Alumni and distinguished 
 soldiers of the war gave brief addi'esses. In connection 
 with the commencement of July 9th, 1872, the twenty- 
 fifth anniversary of the opening of the college was com- 
 memorated by appropriate exercises, in which represen- 
 tatives from the Trustees, the Faculty and the Alumni, 
 bore a part. 
 
 SITE AND BUILDINGS. 
 
 The site of the college is near the centre of the city 
 of Beloit, on the south line of the state of Wisconsin, 
 midway between lake Michigan and the Mississippi 
 river. The city is easily accessible from all directions, 
 
8 HISTOEICAL SKETCH. 
 
 by two lilies of railroad, one running north and south, 
 and the other east and west, which cross each other at 
 this place. The population of the city is about 5,000. 
 
 The college grounds inclose an area of 24 acres, 
 sketched in outline on the map preceding. The prem- 
 ises are bounded by streets on every side, and the sur- 
 face is diversified by groves and ravines, presenting a 
 broad and elevated plateau fronting to the east, and on 
 the west, sloping down nearly to the level of Rock River, 
 from which it is separated by a street and a narrow tier 
 of lots on the west side. This site was a place specially 
 honored by the pre-historic races, as is attested by 
 tweiit}-- of their mounds still preserved within its limits, 
 one of which originally bore the unmistakable outlines 
 of a turtle. At points indicated on the map stand six 
 college buildings: 
 
 1. Middle College, begun in 1847, was finished so far 
 as to be occupied the following year. It is an edifice of 
 brick, measuring 64 feet by 44, and has three stories 
 and an attic, surmounted bj^ a cupola and belfry. The 
 attic is occupied b}-- students' rooms. The remainder 
 is divided into ten rooms, devoted to lectures, recita- 
 tions and laboratory Avork. Its cost was about $10,000, 
 mostly donated by citizens of Beloit with the original site. 
 
 2. North College, a dormitory of brick, three stories 
 and a basement, measuring 54 feet by 40, was erected 
 in 1854. The basement is used as a dining room and 
 appendages for a students' club, and the three stories 
 are divided into twelve suites of rooms for students. Its 
 cost was about $8,000, a small portion of which was 
 contributed for the specific purpose. 
 
 3. The Chapel, a brick building, 60 feet in length by 
 
MEMORIAL HALL OF BELOIT COLEEuE. 
 
 ^' 
 
10 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 40 in breadth, of two high stories, was erected in 1858. 
 The lower story is appropriated to two school rooms for 
 the Preparatory School, and the upper to the religious 
 services of both departments. Its cost was about 
 $6,000, one-half of which was contributed by the citi- 
 zens of Beloit. 
 
 4. South College is a two story building of wood, 
 €rected in 1868, to furnish additional dormitory accom- 
 modations. Its dimensions are 72 feet by 35, and it is 
 divided into sixteen rooms. It cost $5,000. 
 
 5. Memorial Hall, a view of which is presented on 
 page 9, Avas erected in 1869, in honor of more than 400 
 sons of the college who took .part, 46 of whom died, in 
 the war for the Union. It is built of cream colored lime- 
 stone, in modern Gothic style, 70 feet in length by 40 
 in breadth, with a vestibule^28 feet by 20. Its cost was 
 $26,000, provided for mostly by special donations for 
 the object, gathered in [the region. The vestibule is 
 devoted to tablets and| memorials of the war. The 
 main building is divided into two stories, each forming 
 a large, high hall. The upper hall is occupied by the 
 library and the lower by the cabinet. It is contem- 
 plated that both will be eventuall}^ devoted to the li- 
 brary, when a separate building will be provided for the 
 cabinet. 
 
 6. The Gymnasiuni,''a building of wood, 20 feet by 38, 
 one story with a basement, was erected in 1874, at an 
 expense, including apparatus, of $3,900, contributed 
 chiefly by alumni and members of the college and citi- 
 zens of Beloit. This building, though the property of 
 the college, is under the charge of an association, em- 
 bracing members of the Faculty and students. Each 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 11 
 
 student is required to take part in a daily drill for half 
 an hour, in light gymnastics and vocal culture. A 
 bowling allej' in the basement, and other apparatus, fur- 
 nish faculties for additional voluntary exercise. 
 
 COURSE OF STUDY. 
 
 In carrying out the object heretofore indicated, it was 
 the first purpose of the trustees to confine their efforts 
 to founding and maintaining; a college in the strict 
 sense of the term, in which the course of study and 
 the standard of scholarship should be set high. A 
 course of study was accordingly adopted conformed to 
 those of the best eastern colleges. That purpose has been 
 steadily adhered to as the chief aim, and that leading 
 course of study has been changed only to be elevated 
 and improved. But it was soon found that this region 
 furnished hardly any facilities for preparing young men 
 to enter college, and that there was great demand for 
 an advanced English education, especially to prepare 
 teachers for the public schools. Hence the absolute 
 necessity of establishing, in connection with the college, 
 a Preparatory Department and a Normal and English 
 Department. The rapid development and wide range 
 of Physical Science within the last quarter century, and 
 the new professions which have thus been opened to 
 young men, have made it advisable also to establish a 
 course of study parallel and equivalent to the first, 
 which shall bring within its scope new branches and a 
 more thorough investigation of science and philosophy. 
 As now organized, the college provides for young men, 
 1. The old classical course of study; 2. A Parallel Phil- 
 osophical course, and, 3. A Preparatory school. These 
 are severally presented in detail in the following tables : 
 
12 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 CLASSICAL COURSE OF STUDY AT DIFFERENT PERIODS. 
 
 
 1847. 
 
 1860. 
 
 1875, 
 
 K 
 
 Livy. 
 Algebra. 
 Homer's Iliad. 
 
 Livy, Lat.Prose Comp. 
 
 Algebra. 
 
 Homer's Iliad, Greek 
 
 Prose Composition. 
 Ancient History, 
 
 Greece. 
 
 Livy, Lat. Prose Comp. 
 
 Algebra. 
 
 Homer"s Odyssey, 
 
 Greek Prose Comp. 
 Ancient Hist., Greece, 
 Chaucer. 
 Gr. Testam't, Gospels. 
 
 15 
 
 a 
 
 Livy. 
 
 Algebra, Geometry. 
 
 Homer's Iliad. 
 
 Livy, Latin Prose. 
 Algebra, Geometry. 
 Homer's Iliad, Greek 
 
 Prose. 
 Ancient History, 
 
 Rome. 
 
 Livy. 
 
 Geometry. 
 
 II m e r's d y s s e y, 
 
 Greek Prose. 
 Ancient Hist., Rome. 
 Chaucer. 
 Gr. Testam't, Gospels. 
 
 
 Horace. 
 
 Geometry. 
 Herodotus. 
 Rhetorical Exercises, 
 
 weekly through the 
 
 year. 
 
 Horace, Latin Prose. 
 
 Geometry. 
 
 Herodotus, Gr. Prose. 
 
 Weekly lessons in 
 Chancer, and Greek 
 Testament. Weekly 
 themes and declama- 
 tions thro' the year. 
 
 Horace. 
 
 Geometry, Plane Trig- 
 onometry, Mensura- 
 tion, Surveying. 
 
 Herodotus, Gr. Prose. 
 
 Chaucer. 
 
 Greek Testament, Gos- 
 pels. 
 
 
 Horace. 
 
 Geometry, Trigonom- 
 etry. 
 
 Herodotus, Xeno- 
 phoii's Memorabilia. 
 
 Horace, Latin Prose 
 Composition. 
 
 Trigonometry. Mensu- 
 ration, Siirv eying 
 and Navigation. 
 
 Xenophon"s Memora- 
 bilia. Greek Prose 
 Composition. 
 
 Mediiuval History. 
 
 German. 
 
 Spherical Trigonome- 
 try, Navigation, Con- 
 ic'Sections. 
 
 Xenophon's Memora- 
 bilia. 
 
 Ancient History, East. 
 
 Spenser. 
 
 Gr. Testam't, Gospels. 
 
 K 
 
 -< 
 
 El 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 W 
 
 Cicero de Senectute 
 and de Amicitia. 
 
 Trigonometry, Mensu- 
 ration. Surveying. 
 
 The Alcestis of "Eurip- 
 ides. 
 
 Rhetoric. 
 
 Tacitus on Oratory, 
 
 Rhetoric. 
 Trigonometry, Conic 
 
 Sections. 
 Plato's Apology and 
 
 Crito, Greek "Prose 
 
 Composition. 
 Modern History. 
 
 German. 
 
 Greek Tragedy, 
 
 Chemistry. 
 
 Spenser. 
 
 Greek Testament. 
 
 c 
 
 Cicero de Oratore. 
 Navigation, Conic 
 
 Sections. 
 The Prometheus of 
 
 iEschylus. 
 Rlietorical Exercises 
 
 weekly through the 
 
 year. 
 
 Tacitus, Rhetoric. 
 
 Analytical Geometry, 
 Calculus.- 
 
 The Prometheus of 
 ^Eschylus, Greek 
 Prose Composition. 
 
 Physiology. 
 
 Wc'ekly Lessons in 
 Spenser and Greek 
 Testament. Weekly 
 themes and declama- 
 tions thro' the year. 
 
 Horace. 
 
 Analytical Geometry, 
 
 Calculus. 
 Chemistry. 
 Milton. 
 Greek Testament. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 13 
 
 CLASSICAL couKSE OF STUDY — Continued. 
 
 1S47. 
 
 Tacitus. 
 
 jSTatural Philosophy. 
 Electra of Sophoclc'S. 
 Plato's (jorgias. 
 
 ISGO. 
 
 187. 'i. 
 
 Cicero de Officiis. 
 Natural Philosophy. 
 German. 
 
 Rhetoric. 
 
 Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Mineralogy. 
 
 Mediaeval 'History and 
 History of Civiliza- 
 tion. 
 
 English Literature. 
 
 Greek Testament, 
 Epistles. 
 
 Tacitus. 
 
 Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Demosthenes de Coro- 
 
 German. 
 
 Natural Philosophy. 
 Chemistry. 
 
 Guizofs History of 
 Civilization. 
 
 Rhetorical Analysis of 
 Cicero and Demos- 
 thenes. 
 
 Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Mental Philosophy. 
 
 English Literature. 
 
 Greek Testament. 
 
 Select Latin. 
 
 Astronomy, Botany. 
 
 Natural Theology. " 
 
 Evidences of Christi- 
 anity. 
 
 Weekly rhetorical ex- 
 ercises through the 
 year. 
 
 Tacitus. 
 
 The Antigone of Soph- 
 ocles. 
 
 Astronomy, Botany, 
 Zoology. 
 
 Weekly lessons from 
 Milton, and weekly 
 themes and orations 
 through the year. 
 
 Tacitus. 
 
 Thucydides. 
 
 Botany. 
 
 Plato's Apology, Crito 
 
 and Phiedo. 
 English Literature. 
 Greek Testament. 
 
 Astronomy. 
 Intellectual 
 
 phy. Logic. 
 Physiology. 
 Zoology. 
 
 Philoso- 
 
 The Calculus. 
 Moral Philosophy. 
 Political Economy. 
 Select Greek. 
 Chemistrv. 
 
 Plato's Gorgias. 
 Logic. 
 
 Geology and Mineral- 
 ogy. 
 
 Cicero de Natura Deo- 
 
 rum. 
 Logic. 
 Geology. 
 Shakspeare. 
 Greek Testament, 
 
 Epistles. 
 
 Demosthenes de Coro- 
 na. 
 Mental Philosophy. 
 Political Economy. 
 U. S. Constitution. 
 
 Political Economy. 
 U. S. Constitution. 
 Astronomy. 
 Moral Philosophy. 
 Shakspearc. 
 Greek Testament. 
 
 Mineralogy, Geology. 
 
 U. S. Constitution. 
 
 Evidences of Christi- 
 anit3^ 
 
 Weekly exercises in 
 Rhetoric and Com- 
 position through the 
 year. 
 
 Moral Philosophy. 
 
 Evidences of Christi- 
 anity and Butler's 
 Analogy. 
 
 Weekly lessons from 
 writers of the 18th 
 and 19th centuries. 
 
 Weekly themes and 
 orations. 
 
 Weekly lessons in 
 Greek Testament 
 through the year. 
 
 International Law. 
 Butler's Analogy. 
 Evidences ot Christi- 
 anity. 
 Bacon. 
 Greek Testament. 
 
14: 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 PHILOSOPHICAL COURSE OF STUDY. 
 1S75. 
 
 Fresliman Year. 
 
 Hi 
 
 LANGUAGES, 
 
 EHETORIC AND 
 
 CIVIL POLITY. 
 
 MATHEMATICS 
 
 AND 
 
 SCIENCE. 
 
 HISTORY 
 
 AND 
 
 BELLES-LETTKES. 
 
 PHILOSOPHY 
 
 AND 
 
 BIBLE STUDIES. 
 
 1 
 
 Latin or Greek. 
 French. 
 
 Spherical Trigo- 
 nometry. 
 Navigation. 
 Conic Sections. 
 
 Chaucer. 
 Ancient History, 
 Greece. 
 
 New Testament, 
 Gospels. 
 
 1 
 
 ri 
 
 (M 
 I 
 
 Latin or Greek. 
 French. 
 
 Crystallography. 
 
 Chaucer. 
 Ancient History, 
 Rome. 
 
 New Testament, 
 Gospels. 
 
 1 
 
 Latin or Greek. 
 
 Anal. Geometry. 
 Calculus, Botany 
 
 Chaucer. 
 
 New Testament, 
 Gospels. 
 
 Soplwmore Year. 
 
 T 
 
 Latin or Greek. 
 Latin or Greek. 
 
 Mechanics and 
 Hydrostatics. 
 Chemistry. 
 
 S^^^^ NewTestament, 
 The East. ^ Gospels. 
 
 f 
 
 M 
 
 1 
 
 L 
 
 Pneumatics, A- 
 coustics, Elec- 
 tricity, Magnet- 
 ism, Optics. 
 
 Chemistry. 
 
 Spenser and Mil- New Testament, 
 ton. Gospels. 
 
 1 
 
 c 
 
 I 
 
 Latin or Greek. 
 
 Chemistry. 
 Zoology. 
 
 Spenser and Mil- New Testament, 
 ton. Gospels. 
 
 
 
 Junior 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 f 
 
 T 
 
 Rhetoric. 
 German. 
 
 Mineralogy. 
 
 Hist, of France. 
 llist.ol'Civiliza'n 
 Shaw's Manual. 
 
 New Testament. 
 Acts. 
 
 f 
 
 ■6 
 I 
 
 German. 
 
 Astronomy. 
 
 Shaw's Manual. 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 Epistles. 
 Men'l Philosop'y 
 
 1 
 
 ■d 
 
 L 
 
 German, (two dai- 
 ly recitations). 
 
 Mineralogy. 
 Lithology. 
 
 Shaw's Manual. 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 Epistles. 
 
 
 
 Senior 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 1. 
 
 
 Geology. 
 
 German History 
 and Literature. 
 Shakspeare. 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 Epistles. 
 Logic. 
 
 r 
 
 I 
 
 Political Econo- 
 my. 
 U.S. Constitution 
 
 Geologj'. 
 
 Shakspeare. 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 Epistles. 
 Moral Philosop'y 
 
 r 
 1 
 \ 
 
 ri 
 
 CO 
 
 1 
 
 Internat'nal Law 
 
 Comprehensive 
 Review of N at- 
 ural History. 
 
 Shakspeare. 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 Epistles. 
 Butler's Analogy 
 Evid. of Chris- 
 tianity. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE 
 
 15- 
 
 PREPARATORY SCHOOL. 
 Classical Course of Study. 
 
 Latin Grammar. 
 
 Latin Reader. 
 
 Salhist. 
 
 Virgil. 
 
 Cicero. 
 
 Greek Grammar. 
 
 Greek Reader. 
 
 Greek Testament. 
 
 English (Grammar. 
 
 Arithmetic. 
 
 Algebra. 
 
 «.Teograi)hv. 
 
 U. S. History. 
 
 -• f Latin Grammar and 
 
 S I Reader. 
 
 s>-i English (Grammar. 
 
 .Ki Geograpliy. 
 
 1^ I Arithmetic. 
 
 CiBsar, Virgil. 
 Greek Grammar and 
 
 Lessons. 
 English Grammar. 
 Analysis of Milton. 
 Arithmetic. 
 Geography. 
 
 Virgil. 
 
 Cicero. 
 
 Greek Reader. 
 
 Algebra. 
 
 U. S. History. 
 
 Latin (ii'ammar and 
 
 Lessons. 
 Ca-sar. 
 English Grammar, 
 
 Orthography. 
 Arithmetic, 
 r. S. History. 
 General History. 
 Physiology. 
 PhysicalGeography. 
 
 Ciesar, Virgil. 
 Greek (irammar and 
 
 Lessons. 
 Xeiiophon's Anabasis 
 Arithmetic. 
 Algebra. 
 Ancient Hist., Greece 
 
 and Rome. 
 
 ^ r Virgil. Cicero. 
 
 5 I Xenophon's Anabasis- 
 
 i,-! Homer. 
 
 ^ I Algebra. 
 
 w [ (ie(jmetry. 
 
 English, Normal and Scientific Courses. 
 
 Normal and English 
 Course. 
 
 English Grammar 
 and Analysis. 
 
 Geography." 
 
 History. 
 
 Arithmetic. 
 
 Algebra. 
 
 Geometry, Surveying. 
 
 Conic Sections. 
 
 Physiology, Botany. 
 
 Chemistry. 
 
 Mineralogy, Geology. 
 
 Rhetoric, Logic. 
 
 Mental and'Moral 
 Philosophy. 
 
 Political Economy. 
 
 Evidences of Christ- 
 ianity. 
 
 Normal and Scientific. 
 Course. 
 
 English Grammar and 
 Analysis. 
 
 Geography. 
 
 U. S. History. 
 
 Arithmetic. Algebra. 
 
 (xeometry. Surveying. 
 
 Conic Sections. 
 
 Katural Philosophy. 
 
 Chemistry, Physiology. 
 
 Botany, Zoology. 
 
 Rhetoric, Logic. 
 
 Mental and Moral Philoso- 
 phy. 
 
 Political Economy. 
 
 U. S. Constitution, 
 
 Evidences of Christianity. 
 
 Elementary Sclent ijic 
 Coiiise. 
 
 . ( English Grammar 
 and Analysis. 
 
 Arithmetic, Algebra. 
 
 Civil a n d Physical 
 Geography. 
 
 LT. S. History. 
 
 Bookkeeping. 
 
 , r Latin. 
 
 e I Algebra, Geometry. 
 
 Si I General History. 
 
 ". j State and U. 8. Const. 
 
 S I Natural Philosophy. 
 
 ^ L Botany. 
 
 Latin or Greek. 
 
 Algebra, Geometry. 
 
 Plane Trigonometry. 
 ~j -( Snrveying. 
 •~ I Physiology, Zoology. 
 ^ I Chemistry. 
 ^ t Geology. 
 
16 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 CHEMICAL DEPARTMENT. 
 
 Instruction is given in Chemistry by oral lectures and 
 actual work on the part of the students, in the working 
 laboratory, which was fitted up in 1870, and is under 
 the charge of Prof. James H. Eaton. It has facilities 
 for thirty students. The cabinet of minerals provides 
 specimens for analysis. 
 
 PHYSICS. 
 
 In the department of Physics, recitations from text- 
 books are supplemented by oral lectures, in connection 
 with which principles are illustrated by means of varied 
 apparatus. 
 
 NATURAL HISTORY. 
 
 In the several branches of Natural Histor}^ instruc- 
 tion is given by text-books, lectures, recitations and dis- 
 cussions, varied by field and laboratory work. Topics 
 are also assigned to students for original investigation. 
 
 ENGLISH LITERATURE. 
 
 Through all the history of the college, this depart- 
 ment has been made prominent. The weekly exercise 
 kept up during the whole course is designed to intro- 
 duce students to the leading writers of successive his- 
 torical periods, with special attention to their idioms 
 and style. For training in English Composition and 
 Elocution, students are required from time to time to 
 present original essays and orations on selected themes, 
 with practice in reading and speaking. 
 
 BIBLE STUDIES. 
 
 The recitations in Bible Studies, every Monda}' morn- 
 ing, are designed to bring into review the historical 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 17 
 
 facts, the truths and principles of Christianity as they 
 stand in the original scriptures, or are derived directly 
 frorfi them. 
 
 EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 The College year of thirty-nine weeks is divided into 
 three terms. At the close of the first and second terms, 
 each of the classes is examined orally, before the Fac- 
 ulty, in the studies of the term. At the close of each 
 year, each class is subjected to a written examination in 
 all the studies of the year. The results of these exami- 
 nations are of importance in determining the standing 
 of each student. 
 
 LIBRARY. 
 
 The College Library was commenced in 184S. For 
 its progressive increase it has been indebted to many 
 donors of books, or of means for their purchase. Among 
 the largest donors of books were 'Rev. H. N. Brins- 
 made, D. D.; Rev. Prof. M. P. Squier, D. D.; Rev. Dr. 
 Merrill, late of Middlebury, Vt.; Rev. A. Benton, and 
 the United States government. 
 
 The Library now contains somewhat more than eight 
 thousand volumes, besides several hundred pamphlets. 
 It is dependent for its increase upon the continued lib- 
 erality of donors, and upon the income of funds provided 
 mainly for certain departments. These are, 1st. The 
 Davis Fund, of $500, given by Miss Elizabeth Davis, of 
 Boston, Mass., for the depaitment of English Literature. 
 2d. The Colton Fund, of |5,000, left by the will of Mrs. 
 Love Colton, devoted chiefly to the department of His- 
 tory and Civil Polity. 3d. The Emerson Fund, given 
 in memory of Rev. Ralph Emerson, D. D., formerly 
 professor in Andover Theological Seminary. This fund, 
 2 
 
18 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 the value of which is estimated at $15,000, is devoted to 
 the department of Sacred and CLassical Learning. 
 
 The Library is opened at stated times for consultation 
 and for the drawing of books by members of the college. 
 
 COLLEGE SOCIETIES AMONG STUDENTS. 
 
 The Archeean Society was organized for literary and 
 rhetorical practice in the first year of the college. It 
 was reorganized a few years afterward as the Archaean 
 Union, consisting of the Alethian and Delian Societies, 
 having a common library of about 1,000 volumes, and 
 common public meetings. Literary Societies are also 
 maintained in the Preparatory school. 
 
 COLLEGE MAGAZINE. 
 
 A monthly magazine was commenced by the students 
 in 1853, and is now in the twenty-second volume. It 
 is now published semi-monthly under the name of the 
 Round Table and Beloit Monthly. 
 
 A Reading Room is maintained under the auspices of 
 the Archaean Union and the College Monthly. 
 
 The Missionary Society also has a library, and gathers 
 information and organizes Christian effort in the college 
 and the vicinit}'. 
 
 CABINET. 
 
 The College Cabinet contains: (/. Minerals — 150 
 sjDecies represented by about 1,000 specimens of good 
 cabinet size of American and European localities; no 
 species are represented with especial prominence, h. 
 Rocks — 300 specimens of crystalline and 50 of frag- 
 mental rocks of Wisconsin, 100 European crystalline 
 and fragmental. All these specimens are neatly trimmed 
 4x3 inches, and the localities are accurately known. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 19 
 
 Also 65 specimens of lava from Mount Vesuvius, from 
 eruptions of different dates, c. Animals — This collec- 
 tion is small, shells and birds being best represented. 
 d. Fossils — The Trenton limestone of this region is 
 represented quite fully. With a few fossils from most of 
 the formations, the Niagara of Wisconsin and the Upper 
 Helderberg at the Falls of the Ohio, have contributed 
 the greater number of specimens. There is a European 
 collection of 183 species. It is expected that the 
 Paloeozoic fossils will be largely increased from the 
 state geological survey, e. Plants — The botanical col- 
 lection embraces more than three thousand species of 
 plants collected in this coujitry and Europe. 
 
 SCHOLARSHIPS AND BENEFICIARY FUNDS. 
 
 The sum of S?9,000, received through bequests and 
 donations for this purpose, is set apart as an Educa- 
 tional Fund, the income of which is appropriated in 
 aid of students with narrow means, preparing for the 
 Christian ministry in connection with any evangelical 
 denomination. 
 
 The payment of $500 establishes a permanent scholar- 
 ship which provides for the tuition of one student 
 annually, to be named by the donor or by the College 
 Faculty. Sixteen such scholarships, of which four 
 were contributed by churches, have been fully paid and 
 are now available. Several others, on which partial 
 payments have been made, remain to be filled up in 
 the future. 
 
 Formerly, an individual scholarship was offered on 
 payment of $100, which provides for the tuition of one 
 student through the college course of four years, or its 
 
20 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 equivalent in the Preparatory School. No new schol- 
 arships are issued on this plan, but one hundred such 
 were established, twenty-seven of which have been used 
 up, and the remainder are still good for the period of 
 twenty-five years from the date of the donation. The 
 only conditions of these scholarships, both permanent 
 and single are, that the benefit shall be in every case a 
 free gift to the occupant, and that his conduct and schol- 
 arship must be approved by the Faculty as meeting the 
 requirements of the College. 
 
 Through these resources, the income of about i^25,000 
 is available for the relief of students who are struggling 
 against pecuniary embarrassments to secure a liberal 
 education. 
 
 PRIZES. 
 
 By the benefactions of several donors, three prize - 
 scholarships have been founded, available for tuition in 
 whole or in part, one for each of the three last years of 
 the College course, awarded to the student of highest 
 standing in scholarship. 
 
 A Scholarship has also been founded which offers free 
 tuition for one year to the graduate of any High School 
 in Wisconsin or Illinois who passes the best examina- 
 tion on admission to the College. 
 
 There are provided, also, a small prize for the student 
 who passes the best examination for admission to the 
 Freshman Class, two prizes awarded to members of the 
 Sophomore and Freshman classes for excellence in dec- 
 lamation, and a prize, competed for by members of the 
 Senior Class, presenting English essays on subjects as- 
 signed. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 21 
 
 STUDENTS IN COLLEGE CLASSES AT BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 Years. 
 
 1847-8.. 
 1848-9,. 
 1849-50 
 1850-1 . . 
 1851-2.. 
 1852-3.. 
 1853-4.. 
 1854-5.. 
 1855-6.. 
 1856-7.. 
 1857-8.. 
 1858-9.. 
 1859-^60 
 1860-1 . . 
 1861-2.. 
 1862-3.. 
 1863-1.. 
 1864-5.. 
 1865-6.. 
 1866-7.. 
 1867-8.. 
 1868-9.. 
 1869-'70 
 1870-1 . . 
 1871-2.. 
 1872-3.. 
 1873-4.. 
 1874-5.. 
 1875-6.. 
 
 10 
 13 
 16 
 9 
 15 
 13 
 15 
 14 
 21 
 23 
 17 
 23 
 30 
 25 
 24 
 28 
 37 
 18 
 29 
 31 
 14 
 15 
 20 
 29 
 25 
 29 
 
 p 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 C 
 
 o 
 
 .2 
 "a 
 
 '3 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 
 9 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 8 
 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 
 21 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 
 21 
 
 18 
 
 4 
 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 
 16 
 
 9 
 
 13 
 
 
 21 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 
 17 
 
 20 
 
 7 
 
 
 13 
 
 16 
 
 18 
 
 
 23 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 
 25 
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 
 18 
 
 11 
 
 17 
 
 
 20 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 13 
 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 
 28 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 10 
 
 
 Graduated at Beloit, 
 Graduated elsewhere, - 
 Died during course, 
 Still in college at Beloit. 
 Failed to complete the college course, 
 Total number, ... 
 
 5 
 4 
 9 
 17 
 29 
 39 
 30 
 36 
 40 
 45 
 44 
 52 
 60 
 60 
 64 
 68 
 63 
 
 7 
 4 
 16 
 12 
 3 
 7 
 
 17 
 13 
 8 
 13 
 18 
 11 
 13 
 13 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 13 
 
 ICi 
 
 5 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 16 
 
 11 
 
 21 
 
 11 
 
 18 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 216 
 43 
 
 8 
 79 
 208 
 
 554 
 
22 
 
 HISTOKICAL SKETCH 
 
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 1849-50 
 1850-51 
 1852-53 
 1853-54 
 18.54-55 
 1855-56 
 1856-57 
 1857-58 
 1858-59 
 1859-60 
 1860-61 
 1861-62 
 1862-63 
 1863 (i4 
 1861-65 
 1865-66 
 1866-67 
 1867-68 
 1868-69 
 1869-70 
 1870-71 
 1871-72 
 1872-73 
 1873-74 
 1874-75 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 23 
 
 
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24 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 GIFTS AND ENDOWMENTS. 
 
 Benefactors. 
 
 Date. 
 
 Amount 
 
 Objects. 
 
 Citizens of Beloit, 
 
 1845-00 
 
 $3, 500 
 
 Site. 
 
 Citizens of Beloit, - 
 
 184.5-48 
 
 9,500 
 
 Middle College. 
 
 Rev. Henrv Barber, - 
 
 1846-00 
 
 1, 000 
 
 General purposes. 
 
 Thomas W. Williams, - 
 
 1847-07 
 
 12,00(1 
 
 Professorship. 
 
 Citizens of Saybrook. 
 
 184S-00 
 
 .500 
 
 Charity scholarsliip. 
 
 Citizens of Milwankee, - 
 
 1849-00 
 
 2, 2i)0 
 
 Endowment. 
 
 Citizens of Galena, 
 
 1819-00 
 
 105 
 
 .General purposes. 
 
 Mrs. Sarah Anstin, 
 
 18.iO-00 
 
 500 
 
 Charity scholarship. 
 
 Men eel V ct Co.. - 
 
 18,50-00 
 
 24 
 
 Bell. 
 
 Ladies of Beloit, 
 
 1850-00 
 
 8J 
 
 Bell and Library cases. 
 
 J. J. Bushnell, - 
 
 18.50-00 
 
 500 
 
 Apparatus. 
 
 3Irs. Sarah \V. Hale. 
 
 18511-00 
 
 35,000 
 
 I^rofessorship, cur. expen. 
 
 Miles P. Sqnier, D. D., 
 
 1850-(M) 
 
 10.000 
 
 Professorship. 
 
 Rev. Darid Root, - 
 
 1850-03 
 
 lo.oco 
 
 Professorship. 
 
 John Emerson, - 
 
 1850-52 
 
 1,000 
 
 Cliarity scholarships. 
 
 General subscriptions (West) 
 
 1850-53 
 
 8,000 
 
 Scholarships, cur. expen. 
 
 Citizens of Chicago, 
 
 1852-00 
 
 3,900 
 
 Endowments. 
 
 Mrs. L. C'olton, - 
 
 18,52-.54 
 
 1,000 
 
 Chapel, library, N. Col'ge. 
 
 Mrs. Z. P. Banister, 
 
 1852-00 
 
 100 
 
 General purposes. 
 
 Mrs. L. H. Sij,Miirnev. 
 
 1853-00 
 
 20 
 
 Library. 
 
 Danforth, Writrht &"Co., 
 
 18.53-00 
 
 2.50 
 
 Diploma plate. 
 
 Joseph Otis (bequest) 
 
 1851-00 
 
 2,000 
 
 Cliarity scholarships. 
 
 General subscriptions (West) 
 
 1853-54 
 
 2,0tK) 
 
 Scholarships, gen'l uses. 
 
 H. N. Brinsmade, D. D., - 
 
 1854-65 
 
 7,000 
 
 Professorshio. 
 
 E. C. Chapln, - 
 
 18.54-56 
 
 1,000 
 
 North College. 
 
 General subscriptions (West) 
 
 1856-00 
 
 13,000 
 
 General purposes. 
 
 Mrs. L. Coltou (bequest), - 
 
 1857-00 
 
 5,0(.'0 
 
 Library fund. 
 
 13eneral subscriptions (East") 
 
 1 '-■7-00 
 
 7,800 
 
 General purposes. 
 
 Citizens of Beloit, 
 
 185- lO 
 
 3,0tl0 
 
 Chapel. 
 
 An anonymous friend, - 
 
 1S63 00 
 
 10,000 
 
 Endowment fund. 
 
 Subscriptions (East), 
 
 1863-64 
 
 15,000 
 
 Endowment fund. 
 
 W. S. Oilman, - - 
 
 18(i4M)0 
 
 5, OOO 
 
 Endowment fund. 
 
 Miss C. E. Xye .bequest), 
 
 1864-00 
 
 1,500 
 
 Cieneral purposes. 
 
 James T. Lewis, 
 
 1865-00 
 
 100 
 
 Prize fund. 
 
 A. Harwood, 
 
 1865-00 
 
 12,000 
 
 Professorship. 
 
 Ralph Emerson. 
 
 1866-00 
 
 15, 000 
 
 Library fund. 
 
 Mrs. James H. Rogers, - 
 
 1868-00 
 
 500 
 
 Prize scholarship. 
 
 General subscriptions (West) 
 
 1863-70 
 
 25,000 
 
 Scholarships, gen'l uses. 
 
 General subscriptions (West) 
 
 1 866-70 
 
 16,0110 
 
 Memorial Hall. 
 
 Miss E. Davis. 
 
 1870-00 
 
 500 
 
 Ldl)rary fund. 
 
 Mrs. M. T. Ripley. 
 
 1871-00 
 
 500 
 
 Fund for Chemical Dep't. 
 
 Subscriptions (West). - 
 
 1872-00 
 
 10, 000 
 
 Endowment. 
 
 Citizens of Beloit, Alumni, 
 
 
 
 
 and others. 
 
 1872-75 
 
 3, 900 
 
 Gymnasium. 
 
 Rufus Dodge (bequest), 
 
 1873-00 
 
 5,000 
 
 Education fund. 
 
 Mrs. -M. P. Sqnier (bequest) 
 
 1875-00 
 
 2, 000 
 
 Sqnier professorship. 
 
 James S. Seymour (bequest) 
 
 187(3-00 
 
 3, 000 
 
 Sqnier professorship. 
 
 Miscellaneous small contr'ns 
 
 
 1,500 
 
 General purposes. 
 
 Wis. Normal School Fund* 
 
 '58-'59-60 
 
 3,440 
 
 Current expenses. 
 
 Contributions from the East 
 
 
 
 
 through Western Col. Soc'y 
 
 1849-57 
 
 8,000 
 
 Current expenses. 
 
 * Before the establishment of State Xormal Schools, a distribution of the income 
 of the Wisconsin Xormal School Fund was made to several institutions iu the 
 state doing Normal work, in which Beloit College participated. It has received 
 no other grant from the state. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 25 
 
 SUCCESSIVE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS. 
 
 Elect. 
 
 Presidents of the Board. 
 
 
 Bet. 
 
 1815 
 
 * Rev. Aratus Kent. 
 
 ... 
 
 1850 
 
 1850 
 
 Rev. Aaron L. Cliapin, D. D., 
 Secretaries of the Board. 
 
 - 
 
 
 1845 
 
 * Rev. Dexter C'larv. 
 
 . 
 
 1874 
 
 1874 
 
 Rev. Henry P. Higley, 
 Members. 
 
 - 
 
 
 1845 
 
 * Rev. Aratus Kent, - 
 
 .... 
 
 1869 
 
 1845 
 
 * Rev. Dexter Clarv, 
 
 .... 
 
 1874 
 
 1845 
 
 * Rev. !Stei)hen Feet. 
 
 .... 
 
 1855 
 
 1845 
 
 Rev. Flavel Bascom, - 
 
 . 
 
 1850 
 
 18J5 
 
 Rev. Calvin Waterburv, 
 
 . 
 
 1850 
 
 1845 
 
 Rev. Jedediah U. Stevens, 
 
 . 
 
 1873 
 
 1845 
 
 Rev. Aaron L. Chapiu, D. D., 
 
 . 
 
 
 1845 
 
 Rev. Ruel M. Pearson, 
 
 . 
 
 
 18)5 
 
 * George W. Hickcox, 
 
 . 
 
 1856 
 
 1845 
 
 * Atisjustine Ravinoud, - 
 
 . 
 
 1851 
 
 1845 
 
 * Charles M.Goodsell, 
 
 . - - . 
 
 1848 
 
 1845 
 
 * Epliraim H. Potter, 
 
 . 
 
 1857 
 
 1845 
 
 Lueius (i. Fisher, 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1845 
 
 Wait Talcott, 
 
 . 
 
 
 1845 
 
 * Charles S Hempstead, 
 
 . 
 
 1847 
 
 1845 
 
 * Saiiinel Hinman, 
 
 - 
 
 1865 
 
 1848 
 
 » Horatio Newhall, M. D., - 
 
 - 
 
 1866 
 
 1848 
 
 * Eliphalet Cramer, 
 
 - 
 
 1858 
 
 1850 
 
 Rev. G. S. F. Savage, D. D., 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1851 
 
 * Rev. Harvey C'urtis, D. D., - 
 
 . 
 
 1858 
 
 1851 
 
 * Rev. John Lewis, 
 
 . 
 
 1860 
 
 1851 
 
 Benjamin W. Raymond, 
 
 . 
 
 
 1856 
 
 Rev. Issac E. CaVy, 
 
 
 18.58 
 
 1856 
 
 * James H. Rogers,' 
 Rev. Horatio N. Brinsmade, D 
 
 . 
 
 1863 
 
 185(5 
 
 D.. - 
 
 1865 
 
 18o6 
 
 Anson P. Waterman. 
 
 
 
 1858 
 
 Rev. Zephaniah M. Humi)hrev 
 
 D. D., - " - 
 
 1861 
 
 1858 
 
 Rev. Henry B. Holmes, - 
 
 - 
 
 1863 
 
 185S 
 
 Thomas D. Robertson, 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1858 
 
 Ellis S. Chesbrough. - 
 
 . 
 
 
 1858 
 
 Rev. Charles P. Bush, D.D., 
 
 . 
 
 1860 
 
 1860 
 
 * Rev. Martin P. Kinnev. 
 
 . 
 
 1870 
 
 1861 
 
 Josiah L. Pickard. LL". D., 
 
 . 
 
 
 1863 
 
 Rev. Charles D, Helmer, 
 
 . 
 
 1876 
 
 1863 
 
 Rev. Isaac E. Carey, 
 
 . 
 
 1874 
 
 1863 
 
 Rev. Charles Boynton, 
 
 . 
 
 1870 
 
 1866 
 
 Samuel D. Hastings, 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1866 
 
 Rev. Enos J. MouFague, 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1866 
 
 Rev. Samuel \V. Eaton, 
 
 . 
 
 
 1866 
 
 John R. Goodrich, 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1867 
 
 Roger H. Mills. 
 
 
 
 1869 
 
 Sereno T. Merrill. 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1869 
 
 Rev. Joseph Collie, 
 
 . 
 
 
 1870 
 
 Rev. Lyman Whiting. D. D., - 
 
 . 
 
 
 1870 
 
 Harlan M. Page. 
 
 . 
 
 
 1873 
 
 Rev. Henry PT Higley, 
 
 . 
 
 
 1874 
 
 Orlando B. Bidweil, 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 1874 
 
 Rev. Henry A. Miner, 
 Treasurers. 
 
 - 
 
 
 1849 
 
 * Jackson J. Bushnell, 
 
 . 
 
 1856 
 
 1858 
 
 *Leander D. (ircgory. 
 
 . 
 
 1869 
 
 1869 
 
 Anson P. Waterman, 
 
 _ - - - 
 
 ~ 
 
 * Deceased. 
 
 / ./ 
 
 / 
 
26 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 SUCCESSIVE MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY. 
 
 Elect. 
 
 Chair of Jlafhemafics and Natui^al Philosoj^hy. 
 
 Eet. 
 
 1848 
 
 Jackson J. 15u!<hnell. M. A., - . - . . 
 
 1853 
 
 1860 
 
 Kev. Henry L. Kelsey, M. A.. - - - - 
 
 1863 
 
 1864 
 
 ♦Jackt'on J. Buslinell, iM. A. 
 
 Chair (if Latin and (jtrtek Lanfjuaqes. 
 
 1873 
 
 1848 
 
 Joseph Emerson, M. A - 
 Chair of Chemist n/ and Natural Science. 
 
 1856 
 
 1849 
 
 *StephenP. Lathrop. M. D.. ----- 
 
 ]8.54 
 
 1858 
 
 Henrv B. Kason, Ph. D., 
 
 1866 
 
 1866 
 
 Elijah P. Hams, Ph. D.. 
 
 1868 
 
 1868 
 
 James H. Eaton. Ph. U, - - - - - 
 Chair of Inlellectvut and Morai Philosphy. 
 
 
 1850 
 
 ♦Miles P. Sqnier. I). H.. 
 
 1866 
 
 1864 
 
 James J. Blaisdell. D. D. 
 
 Chair of IJiiitori/ and Ciril Polity. 
 
 
 1853 
 
 Aaron L. e hapin, D. 1). 
 Chair of Rheloric and Enqlish Literature. 
 
 
 
 1853 
 
 Franklin W. Fisk.D.D., 
 
 1859 
 
 1859 
 
 James J. Blaisdell. I). D., 
 
 1804 
 
 1868 
 
 Rev. Lvman S. Rowland, M. A., - 
 
 1870 
 
 1871 
 
 Kev. Henrv M. Whitney, M. A. - . - - 
 Chair of Mathe/nntics. 
 
 
 1854 
 
 Rev. William Porter. M. A. - - - . 
 Chair of Gneh: Liuiriuage unit Literature. 
 
 1856 
 
 1856 
 
 Rev. Ji'scijh Emerson. M. A. - 
 Chair of Latin Lanquagi' and Literature. 
 
 
 
 1856 
 
 Rev. William Porter, M. A. - - - - 
 Chair of Modern Languages. 
 
 
 1871 
 
 Peter Hendrickson. M. A. - - - - - 
 Chair of Geology. XooUigy and Botany. 
 
 
 1872 
 
 Thomas C. C'hamberli'n, M. A. - 
 Princtpal.'i of Preparatory School. 
 
 
 
 1854 
 
 Lucius D. Chajjin, M. A., - - - - • 
 
 1855 
 
 1855 
 
 John P. Fisk, M. A., 
 
 1871 
 
 1871 
 
 Ira W. Pettibone, M. A. 
 
 Instructors in Mathonatics. 
 
 
 1855 
 
 Rev. Mason P. (irosvenor, . . - . 
 
 1855 
 
 1856 
 
 *Rev. Melzar Montague, M. A. - - . . 
 Instrvctor in Chemistry. 
 
 1856 
 
 1856 
 
 *James Richards. M. D. 
 
 Instructors in Rhetoric. 
 
 1857 
 
 1865 
 
 Henry C. Dickinson, B. A., . - - - - 
 
 1866 
 
 1866 
 
 *Rev. E. G. Miner, M. A. 
 
 Tutors. 
 
 1867 
 
 1849 
 
 Isaac E. Carev, B.A., ------ 
 
 1851 
 
 1?50 
 
 'Joseph Hurlbiit, B. A.. - - - - - 
 
 1851 
 
 1851 
 
 Thomas S. Potwin, B. A., . - - - - 
 
 1853 
 
 1853 
 
 Fisk P. Brewer, B. A., - - - - - 
 
 1854 
 
 1854 
 
 Lewis C. Baker, B. A., - 
 
 1855 
 
 1855 
 
 William D. Alexander, B. A., - 
 
 1856 
 
 1856 
 
 Peter McVicar, B. A., - 
 
 18.57 
 
 1857 
 
 William H. Ward, B. A., 
 
 1858 
 
 1857 
 
 Franklin C. Jones, B. A., - 
 
 1858 
 
 1858 
 
 Henry S. BeForest, B. A., - 
 
 1860 
 
 1864 
 
 ♦Henry C. Dickinson, B. A. - . . - - 
 Assistant's in Preparatory School. 
 
 1865 
 
 1871 
 
 Allison D. Adams, B. A., 
 
 1872 
 
 1872 
 
 Thomas D. Christie, B. A., - 
 
 lb74 
 
 1874 
 
 George B. Adams, B. A., - - . - - 
 
 1S76 
 
 1874 
 
 Goodwin D. Swezey, B. A., - 
 
 1675 
 
 1875 
 
 Samuel T. Kidder, B. A. - 
 
 
 * Deceased. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 27 
 
 DEGREES. 
 
 Beloit College has conferred the degree of Bachelor 
 of Arts on 216 young men, of whom 105 have received 
 also the degree of Master of Arts in course. Honorary 
 degrees have been conferred as follows: 
 
 1857. LL. D. on *Edward V. Whiton. 
 
 1857. M. A. '' John P. Fisk. 
 
 1858. M. A. " Henry Freeman. 
 1858. M. A. " James F. Hunnewell. 
 1861. M. A. " *Rev. Martin P. Kinney. 
 1861. M. A. " Rev. Edward Brown. 
 1861. LL. D. " Orsamus Cole. 
 
 1863. LL. D. " *Richard Yates. 
 
 1863. LL. D. '^ David Davis. 
 
 1864. M. A. " Prof. Chester S. Lyman. 
 1869. LL. D. " Timothy 0. Howe. 
 1869. LL. D. " Matthew H. Carpenter. 
 1869. D. D. " Rev. Flavel Bascom. 
 1869. D. D. " *Rev. John J. Miter. 
 
 1869. M. A. " Rev. James R. Danforth. 
 
 1870. LL. D. " Josiah L. Pickard. 
 1870. LL. D. " Jason Downer. 
 
 1870. D. D. " Prof. James T. Hyde. 
 
 1871. D. D. " Pres. James W. Strong. 
 
 1871. D. D. '' Pres. Peter McVicar. 
 
 1872. LL. D. '' Cadwallader C. Washburn. 
 
 1872. M. A. " Alfred A. Jackson. 
 
 1873. D. D. " Stephen R. Riggs. 
 
 1873. D. D. '' *Rev. James B. Miles. 
 
 1874. M. A. " Rev. Edward P. Salmon. 
 1874. M. A. " Rev. Joel G. Sabin. 
 1874. M. A. " Rev. Spencer R. Wells. 
 
 ♦Deceased. 
 
28 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 DENOMINATIONS OF MINISTERS WHO HATE STUDIED AT 
 BELOIT. 
 
 The auspices under which the College was planted, 
 and the influences attending its growth, have conduced 
 to direct the attention of many of its students to the 
 Christian ministry as a profession. The following table 
 shows how the fruits of its work, in this respect, have 
 heeii distributed among the different branches of the 
 church : 
 
 
 Coug. 
 
 Pres. 
 
 Meth. 
 
 Epis. 
 
 Rcf'd 
 
 Unit. 
 
 Swed. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Graduated at Beloit 
 
 Graduated at other colleges 
 Not graduates 
 
 54 
 3 
 16 
 
 14 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 78 
 11 
 23 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 4 1 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 113 
 
 PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS. 
 
 The charter authorizes the board of trustees to open 
 departments for the study of the liberal professions. In 
 the year 1852 some steps were taken preliminary to 
 the establishing of a Theological School in connection 
 with the college. But measures soon after adopted for 
 setting up separate Theological Seminaries elsewhere on 
 this field, led to the abandonment of the plan, and thus 
 far no professional schools have been organized. 
 
 The Institution thus stands devoted to the one object 
 of making as complete and thorough as possible the 
 processes of a proper college educaiion. The foundations 
 have been laid broad and deep, and an auspicious begin- 
 ning has been made. For the full accomplishment of 
 its aim, large additions to its endowments are needed. 
 
OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 29 
 
 If the spirit of Christian beneficence, which has been its 
 dependence hitherto, shall, in the years to come, be 
 expanded in due proportion to the developing wealth of 
 the region, the wants of the enterprise will be met and 
 its abiding prosperity ensured. 
 
5oi>1. fcltT'l- 
 
 r*> 
 
 
 f w 
 
 ^:j. 
 
 ,<SfS 
 
 
 ffiW= 
 
 
 
 iim:i,;.„. 
 
 w^ 
 
 -Sii '.'waiK'jiMi 'iiiMiiEii.mrWjtria'yw. ■ :,.v-^i\ni,i-:'i ■- , i ; .iiiiimi rTim 
 
HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 OF 
 
 RACINE COLLEGE. 
 
 Racine College, situated in the limits of the city of 
 Racine, Wisconsin, was founded A. D. 1852. It owes 
 its foundation no doubt, primarily, to the conviction of 
 those who were leaders iu the enterprise, that the inter- 
 ests of religion and the political interests of the coun- 
 try so intimately interwoven with the morals of its 
 people, demanded that the doctrines of, and the great 
 principles of morality embraced in the gospel of our 
 Lord, Jesus Christ, should enter prominently into the 
 education of the youth of the land; and secondaril}'", to 
 the added conviction that the branch of the Catholic 
 church, called in this country the Protestant Episcopal, 
 had an imperative duty lying in this direction. Prompted 
 by this motive, the question of an Episcopal college in 
 the diocese of Wisconsin first arose in the convention 
 of the church assembled in Milwaukee A. D. 1851, with 
 the venerated Bishop Kemper at its head. It was then 
 resolved that steps shoidd be taken for the founding of 
 such an institution, and that it should be given to that 
 one of the lake cities that should first secure a site of 
 six acres of ground, and pledges of not less than six 
 thousand dollars to \)ut a building thereon. General 
 3 
 
34 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 Pliilo White, in a letter which is recorded in the min- 
 utes of the Trustees, claims for himself and the Rev. 
 Dr. Cole, President of Nashotah House, the sponsorship 
 of the idea. And accordingly we find that the detail of 
 business connected with the movement was put into the 
 hands of a committee, consisting of those two gentle- 
 men and Jacob Morrison, Esq. 
 
 The church in Racine at this time was few in num- 
 bers and feeble in means; but, aided by the local interest 
 which now came into play, it entered spiritedly into the 
 contest with its much stronger rival in Milwaukee. 
 Two influential citizens of the place, Dr. Elias Smith,, 
 still a Trustee of the institution, and Marshall M. 
 Strong, late a Trustee but now dead, took the matter in 
 hand, and in a very short time, in advance of all other 
 competitors, had not only met but gone much beyond 
 the requirements of the resolution of the convention, 
 having secured a site of ten acres, and subscriptions to 
 the amount of $10,000 for a building. So Racine had 
 won the location. The site, donated by Charles S. 
 Wright and his brother Truman Gr. Wright, was all 
 that could be desired. Racine city, as is well known, is 
 situated on a neck of sandy and gravel land, lying high 
 and dry between a far extending prairie on the west, and 
 Lake Michigan on the east. On the narrowest part of 
 this neck of land, with the native forest trees still stand- 
 ing, about one mile and a half south of the central part 
 of the city, the college is located; and to those fond of 
 broadly extended and varied views, nothing could be 
 more picturesque and pleasing. The fertile prairie dot- 
 ted with its farm houses and frequent clusters of trees, 
 and the boundless expanse of the lake covered with its 
 
OF EACINE COLLEGE. 35 
 
 numerous sails and other crafts of commerce, fall at a 
 glance under the eye of the beholder from the college 
 lookout, and what is of still greater importance^ the lo- 
 cation is unexcelled in healthfulness. Such a site being 
 secured, and the subscription in hand for the proposed 
 building, application was immediately made to the legis- 
 lature for a charter, which, with liberal provisions, was 
 granted on the 3d day of March, A. D. 1852, and en- 
 titled "An act to incorporate the Board of Trustees of 
 Racine College." The names of the corporators given 
 in this charter are as follows, in their order: Roswell 
 Park, Elias Smith, Isaac Taylor, Philo White, Isaac J. 
 Ullman, Matthew B. Mead, Nelson Pendleton, Marshall 
 M. Strong, Joseph H. Nichols, Jackson Kemper, Ben- 
 jamin Akerly, Thos. J. Ruger, William Adams, Eleazer 
 A. Greenleaf, J. Bodwell Doe and Azel D. Cole, and it 
 was provided that they should choose their own associ- 
 ates and successors. 
 
 The first meeting of the board was held on the 10th 
 day of March, A. D. 1852, and presided over by the Rev. 
 Joseph H. Nichols,* the Rector at that time of St. 
 
 * The Rev. Joseph Uurlbut Nichols, A. M., the first President of the Board 
 of Trustees of Racine College, and for nine 3'ears an honored member of its 
 faculty, was born on the 20th of August, 1805, at Newtown, Conn. He was grad- 
 uated at Yale College in 1895, admitted to the bar in Albany, N. Y., in 18-.J8, 
 and soon after became a student in divinity, and was ordained to the minis- 
 try by Bishop Benjamin T. Onderdonlc, in 1831: was for some time assistant 
 to Bishop Moore, of Virginia, and in charge of the Monumental Church at 
 Richmond; was subsequently for several years rector of Christ Church, 
 Greenwich, Conn., and then assistant minister in Trinity Church, New 
 Haven. From thence he was called, in 1848, to the rectorship of St. Lulcc's 
 Church, Racine, and there, as noticed in the text, became connected with the 
 college as one of the chief promotors of its organization. Shortly afterward, 
 having resigned his rectorship of the parish, he became Professor of English 
 Literature. In 1862, animated by patriotic zeal, though in feeble health, he 
 entered the army as chaplain, and died at Washington the same year. Mr. 
 
36 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 Luke's Church at Racine. At this meeting it was or- 
 dered " that the corner stone of the first buikling be laid 
 on the 5th day of May following," whicli we find was 
 accordingly done, with appropriate ceremonies, and au 
 address by the Rev. Mr. Nichols. At a subsequent 
 meeting, the building in process of erection was named 
 Park Hall, in honor of the then contemplated first pres- 
 ident of the institution, Rev. Roswell Park, D. D.,* 
 whose name had already been placed at the head of the 
 list of corporators. At a meeting of the board held 
 about the first of November in the same 3'ear, Dr. Park 
 was unanimously elected to the presidency of the incip- 
 
 Nichols was a man of high culture and fine poetic taste; was a popular mag- 
 azine writer, and has left behind him some fugitive peices of poetry of rare 
 merit. 
 
 * Rev. Roswell Park, D.D., was born at Lebanon, Conn., on the 1st of Octo- 
 ber, 1807. In 1831, he graduated at West Point, having held the appointment as 
 assistant professor for the last two years of his course. He then received a 
 lieutenant's commission in the United States engineer corps; but during 
 the summer furlough studied at Union College, and there received his first 
 degree in the arts: subsequently he was stationed at Newport, R. I., then at 
 Boston, from which latter place he was called, in 1836, to the immediate 
 charge of the Delaware breakwater. In the same year he was appointed and 
 accepted the professorship of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry in the uni- 
 versity of Pennsylvania. In 1843, he resigned his professorship and removed 
 to Burlington, N. J., and there studied Theology, and was ordained to the 
 ministry the same year. Soon afterward he opened a private school in Pom- 
 fret, Conn., which he carried on with great success till 1852, when he was 
 called to the presidency of Racine College. During most of the time of his 
 connection with the college, he was also rector of the parish church, Profes- 
 sor Nichols having resigned that position on account of ill health. Upon 
 the dissolution of his connection with the college, he removed to Chicago 
 and opened there a private school, which he successfully carried on until the 
 time of his death, which happened on the 16th of July, 1869. The published 
 works of Dr. Park are a brief history of West Point, a large work entitled 
 Pantology, or a systematic survey of human knowledge, and several volumes 
 of poems, which are characterized by Dr. Everest, from whom this note is 
 abridged, as being pervaded by a tone of true feeling, and at times by a vein 
 of lively and pleasant humor. 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 37 
 
 ient institution, and of its Board of Trustees. He ac- 
 cepted the election and immediately entered upon his 
 work with all the enthusiasm of an ambitious tiller of 
 virgin soil. On the 15th day of the same month he 
 opened the school, consisting of nine scholars, in a 
 hired room, under the chartered name of Racine College. 
 And in addition to the labor of the school, in which he 
 was the only teacher, he seems to have taken upon him- 
 self the chief direction of the building and the manage- 
 ment of the finances. 
 
 At a special meeting held on the 18th day of July, 
 1853, the following were added to the faculty: Rev. Jo- 
 seph H. Nichols, A. M., Professorof English Literature; 
 Marshall M. Strong, Esq., Lecturer on Political Science, 
 and P. H. Hoy, M. I)., Lecturer on Physiology and the 
 Natural Sciences, and three young men as assistant 
 teachers. On the 2Sth of this same month the first 
 collegiate year closed with 33 students, and the first 
 commencement was held, and Benjamin A. Segur, B. S., 
 and Elijah Y. Smith, are the first recorded graduates. 
 
 On the 14th day of September following, Park Hall 
 was finished and ready for occupancy, and within its 
 walls the second collegiate year was entered upon. In 
 his fii-st annual catalogue Dr. Park thus describes this 
 buil^ling, which is given here, as it was in some respects 
 a model for subsequent ones: "The edifice is built of 
 pale brick, in Grothic style, and is 120 feet long and 34 
 feet wide. The central part which projects to the front 
 contains four large recitation rooms, besides a chapel, 
 with open roof, occupying the whole of the upper 
 story, and a kitchen and dining room in the basemenc. 
 There are ten rooms in each wins: desisrned for students' 
 
38 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 dormitories," * To this description the Doctor adds 
 the following: "The building was erected under the 
 direction of a committee appointed by the subscribers, 
 and consisting of Dr. Elias Smith and the Messrs. 
 Isaac Taylor and John M. Gary, to whom the thanks 
 of this community are eminently due for their assidu- 
 ous, judicious and gratuitous prosecution of the work 
 to a successful close." 
 
 The college being thus housed, and having an abid- 
 ing place, it is wortli while here to stop our progress 
 for a moment, in order to see what was the Jiterary 
 standard set up, and just how far it was a Protestant 
 Episcopal institution, . As to the former, the following 
 is the description taken from the progi-amme of the 
 first catalogue: "Besides the preparatory department 
 of Racine College, open to youuger scholars, there will 
 be two courses of study pursued in this institution, 
 according to the aims and resources of the student. 
 The full course is designed for those who wish to enter 
 the learned professions, or at least to pursue an extended 
 course of study. It will be conformed to the ordinary 
 standard of American colleges. * * * The shorter 
 course is designed for those students who wish to obtain 
 a superior education, and then to engage in business 
 pursuits. It may be entered upon at once, by those 
 who are proficient in Arithmetic, Geography and Eng- 
 lish Grammar, without any previous study of Greek 
 and Latin, and it may be completed in two years. So 
 that a youth entering at fourteen may graduate at six- 
 teen, and receive the lower degree of Bachelor of Sci- 
 
 *The interior of this 'builcling was subsequently remodeled, aud so 
 changed that it would not be recognized from this description. 
 
OF EACINE COLLEGE. 39 
 
 ence, if he shall have sustained his examinations. Com- 
 petent students, after graduating in the shorter course, 
 may complete the full course in two years more, by 
 close application, and then receive the ordinary degree 
 of Bachelor of Arts." 
 
 As far as the objects of the two courses here laid out 
 iire concerned, the curriculum of studies prescribed is 
 well fitted to meet them, but the writer is constrained 
 to remark, that when it is implied that a youth of four- 
 teen, with the required attainments, may obtain a supe- 
 rior ^education in two years, or graduate in four years 
 with full college honors, reference must be had only to 
 youths of very extraordinary ability. 
 
 As to the denominational character of the school, 
 though a majorit}' of the corporators were churchmen, 
 several of them clergymen, there is in the first charter 
 no other intimation that it was to be a church institu- 
 tion. But the President was a church clergyman, and 
 iit the meeting of the Trustees held in November, 1852, 
 the following preamble and items were adopted: 
 
 " Whereas, Racine College was founded under the 
 auspices of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the 
 United States, and has already received considerable 
 donations as a church institution, it is hereby under- 
 stood and declared by the Board of Trustees: 
 
 '• 1. That in all future elections to the Board, prefer- 
 ence be given to communicants or members of the 
 Protestant Episcopal Church, unless there be special 
 reasons to the contrary. 
 
 " 2. That the Bishop of the diocese be ex officio a 
 member of this Board and visitor of the College, with 
 authority at all times to examine fully into the state of 
 
40 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 its affairs,- and to report on the same at auy meeting of 
 this Board. 
 
 " 3. That the President of the College and the major- 
 ity of the Faculty shall be communicants or members of 
 the Protestant Episcopal Church. 
 
 " 4. That the Book of Common Prayer of this church 
 shall be used with the Bible regularly in the dail}^ 
 devotions." 
 
 So far, at this time, was the college a Protestant 
 Episcopal institution. But that it was extremely lib- 
 eral in the conduct of its affairs, is evident from the 
 following statement found in the early catalogues: " Di- 
 vine Service is performed every Sunda}^ in the college 
 chapel, but the students are free to attend any place of 
 worship which they niaj'^ choose, or their parents may 
 desire." And further, it does not appear that any defi- 
 nite church instruction was given to the students, and 
 in the list of text books used, no catechism or any other 
 book of a church character (if we except Adams' Chris- 
 tian Science) is included. 
 
 Having thus glanced at the internal character of the 
 institution, we now resume the history of its progress. 
 For three or four years following, the points of interest 
 are few. The board of trustees remained essentially un- 
 changed. Outside aid was sought and obtained, in 
 numerous instances, for improving the building, en- 
 larging the library, collecting a cabinet and providing 
 chemical and philosophical apparatus ; insomuch that, 
 aided by the current income from the students, and from 
 lectures given by himself in different parts of the coun- 
 try, Dr. Park could report in his fifth annual catalogue 
 
 library of 1,400 volumes, a valuable cabinet of min- 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 41 
 
 erals and curiosities, a respectable amount of philo- 
 sophical apparatus, and a building, with its surround- 
 ings and fixtures, worth 5^15,000, and the institution 
 nearly free from debt, a gratifying result, due without 
 doubt to the industry and the prudent and careful man- 
 agement that ever characterized the man.* 
 
 In the spring of 1857, so prosperous had the institu- 
 tion become financially and in respect to number of 
 students, that a second building was declared necessary, 
 and for this, without reference to their ecclesiastical 
 connections, the citizens of Racine again came to the 
 front with liberal hand, enabling the Doctor to re- 
 port in November of the same year, as follows : " In 
 April and May last, the citizens of Racine munificently 
 subscribed $^12,000 for the erection of a second college 
 building, a twin to the first, the corner-stone of which 
 was laid by Bishop Kemper on the 1th day of last July, 
 and the exterior of which is now completed so that it 
 may be finished internally for the use of the English 
 department in the coming season. The work has been 
 thoroughly executed under the charge of a building 
 committee consisting of Isaac Taylor, Lyman W. Mon- 
 roe and Dr. Elias Smith, of the board of trustees, L^ 
 Bradley, Esq., being the architect." This building is 
 
 * In 1853, Octavlus Perinchief, A. B., was added to the faculty, as tutor in 
 Greek and Latin, and Llewellyn J. Evans, B. S., as principal of the English 
 department. At the end of the year the number of students had increased 
 to 62. In the third annual catalogue (1854), Mr. Evans appears as tutor in 
 Latin and Greek, and Edward Seymour, A. B., as principal of the English 
 department. Number of students, 63. In the fourth, the Rev. S. B. Seaman, 
 A. M., appears as professor of Greek and Latin, and Warren J. Durham, A. 
 B., principal of the English department. Number of students, 80. In the 
 fifth, Prof. Seaman has been replaced by the Rev. George Cowel, A. M. 
 Students, 51. 
 
42 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 located about two liundred and fort}' feet soutli of Park 
 Hall, and, with it, fronting the lake shore road. 
 
 At the time of this report, the stringency in the 
 money market was increasing, and the prosperity which 
 had so far attended the college began to wane. Stu- 
 dents fell off largely, during the following year, and the 
 final term closed in the midst of many discouragements, 
 and fortunate it was that, under the president's careful 
 management, no debt had accumulated. In the spring 
 of 1859, he reports: "The new college building has not 
 3'et been completed, owing to the severity of the times; 
 but all that remains to be done is the lathing, plastering 
 and painting, which can be executed by sections when 
 the room shall be required," thus indicating that, though 
 somewhat depressed, he was buoyed up by hope, and 
 still true to his instinct of avoiding debt.* 
 
 We have now passed in our review the last year of 
 Dr. Park's presidency, and because radical changes fol- 
 lowed thereupon and a general reconstruction of affairs, 
 we may say that here ends the first stage of the his- 
 tory of the institution. And, before entering upon the 
 second stage of its history, it would be wrong not to 
 turn aside from our progress for a moment, and, so far 
 as can be done in a sketch like this, give honor to Avhom 
 
 *The faculty of instruction, reported this year (1858-9), is as follows: 
 
 Rev. Roswell Park, D. D., President, and Professor of Mathematics and 
 Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Rev. Joseph n. Nichols, A. M., Professor of English Literature. 
 
 Rev. Homer Wheeler, A. M., Professor of Greek and Latin, and Chaplain 
 of the College. 
 
 Hon. J. R. Doolittle, LL. D., Lecturer on Legal Science and Political 
 JEconomy. 
 
 Philo R. Hoy, M. D., Lecturer on the Natural Sciences and Physiology. 
 
 Warren J. Durham, A. B., Principal of the English Department. 
 
OF EACIJSTE COLLEGE. 43 
 
 honor is due, m starting an enterprise which promises 
 to be of so great importance to coming generations. 
 To the citizens of Racine, generally, the college OAves a 
 great debt of gratitude, not only for liberal contribu- 
 tions, but for an abiding interest in all its affairs, with- 
 out which it could not have existed. But, without be- 
 ing invidious, I may name the following : Isaac Taylor, 
 H. S. Durand, Nelson Pendleton, A. McClurg, Charles 
 Wright & Brother, Lee & Dickson, L. W. Monroe, 
 Charles Herrick and Gen. Philo White as the largest 
 contributors of money; and Marshall M. Strong, Esq., 
 who was not only a large contributor, but whose coun- 
 sel and personal efforts down to the day of his death 
 were of inestimable value; and Dr. Elias Smith, who, at 
 every demand, has always contributed to the fullest ex- 
 tent of his ability, has been an active member on every 
 building committee, and has stood, and still stands as a 
 sentinel to give warning of any impending danger. To 
 these men in particular, among the citizens, is the college 
 greatly indebted for its foundation, but more especially 
 to its first president. From the time that Dr. Park 
 came upon the grounds, he was the acknowledged lead- 
 er, not only of the educational work, but in all the 
 financial interests; always forgetful of self, with nothing 
 for his salary except Avliat was left when all other claims 
 were met,* he toiled on until the management was trans- 
 ferred to other hands, with one building complete, an- 
 other nearly so, no debt incurrel, haI a property worth 
 $30,000. Hence, he is most justly entitled to the le- 
 gend on his tomb beneath the chancel w^indow of the 
 
 * In one report, after summing up his balance sheet for the year, he adds, 
 ".leaving for president's salary, $7." 
 
44: HISTOKICAL SKETCH 
 
 cliapel : '" Rey. Roswell Pake, D.D., the Founder and 
 first President of Racine College." 
 
 HISTORY OF RACINE COLLEGE IN ITS SECOND STAGE. 
 
 We pass now to the history of Racine College in its 
 second stage, Avhich it entered npon in the autumn of 
 1859. 
 
 The changes in the constitution and character of the 
 institution, which have already been alluded to as radi- 
 cal, had their origin in this wise: There was existing 
 at this time a new institution at Delafield, Wis., under 
 the chartered name of '' St. John's Hall," designed to 
 be a training school of 3'oung men pursuing their 
 studies, preparatory to entering the Theological School 
 of Nashotah House. This institution was under the 
 rectorship of the Rev. James De Koven, now the Rev. 
 Doctor James De Koven, the present Warden of the 
 College, and, in which, he was assisted by the Rev. J. 
 S. B. Hodges, and the Rev. Henry C. Shaw. Its build- 
 ing was onl}' a cheap wooden structure. The thought 
 suggested itself to the minds of man\' churchmen, that 
 this institution might with profit be united to Racine 
 College. Doctor Park immediately fell in with the idea, 
 and, in order to effect the union, proposed to resign the 
 presidency of the college into the hands of Dr. De 
 Koven, and take npon himself a professorship, with the 
 understanding that $2,000, which Doctor Cole, the 
 President of Nashotah House, had in hand as a building 
 fund for St. John's Hall, should be expended in com- 
 pleting the unfinished building at Racine. The propo- 
 sition was accepted, with the condition, that vacancies 
 
OF KACINE COLLEGE. 45 
 
 should be made in the Board of Trustees of Racine, 
 sufficient to admit the Trustees of St. John's; and that 
 the charter should be modified, as soon as convenient, 
 to suit the new management. The proposed arrange- 
 ments were satisfactory to all parties concerned, and the 
 details of the union at once entered upon. A special 
 meeting of the trustees was held on the 7th da}' of Sep- 
 tember, 1859; the first business of which was to recon- 
 struct the board as agreed upon.* To this new board. 
 Dr. Park presented his resignation in the following 
 words: 
 
 "To the Honorable, the Board of Trustees of liaciiie College. 
 
 "Gentlemen. — In order to effect the union of St. 
 John's Hall with this institution, I hereby resign the 
 office of President of Racine College and of its Board 
 of Trustees, with grateful remembrance for all your 
 past kindness, and fervent prayers for your future wel- 
 fare. " Very respectfully yours, 
 
 (Signed) . " Roswell Park." 
 
 His resignation being accepted, and due compliment- 
 ary resolutions passed, the Rt. Rev. Bishop Kemper 
 was elected President of the Board of Trustees, and the 
 Rev. James De Koven, Rector f of the College; the 
 
 *The names of the members of the board, as recoustructecl, were as fol- 
 lows: Et. Eev. Jackson Kemper, D. D.; Rt. Eev. Geo. Upfold, D. D.; Rt. 
 Rev. Samuel A. McClosky, D. D. ; Rt. Rev. H. B. Whipple, D. D. ; Rev. Ros- 
 well Park, D. D.; Rev. Wm. Shelton, D. D.; Eev. Azel D. Cole, D. D. ; Rev. 
 William Adams, D. D.; Rev. R. H. Clarksen, D. D.; Rev. D. Keene, B. D.; 
 Eev. J. P. T. Ingraham, B. D.; Rev. Joseph H. Nichols, Rev. J. S. B. 
 Hodges, Rev. Clinton Locke, Rev. James De Koven, Dr. Elias Smith, Isaac 
 Taylor, Nelson Pendleton, M. B. Mead, J. B. Doe, C. H. Larrabee, P. R. 
 Morgan, Wm. K. May and Marshall M. Strong. 
 
 tThis title implies the same as President. It was subsequeuUy changed 
 
46 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 Rev. J. S. B. Hodges, Vice Rector;* the Rev. H. C. 
 Shaw, Head Master of the Grammar School, and the 
 Rev. Edward Seymour, Assistant Master. Professor 
 Wheeler was transferred to the Mathematical Depart- 
 ment, and Doctor Park was made Chancellor and Pro- 
 fessor of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry. The 
 chair of Latin and Greek was left to be filled, for the 
 time being, by the Warden. 
 
 The union being thus consummated, the new build- 
 ing was soon completed, and, in honor of Bishop 
 Kemper, named Kemper Hall. On the 5th day of 
 October, Racine College entered upon the work of its 
 second stage in two divisions, a Grammar School and 
 College proper, of which a further account will be given 
 when we come to speak of the work done. 
 
 By the consent of all, the institution was now defi- 
 nitely proclaimed to be a church institution, not only 
 in name, but in fact. In the first register published 
 afterwards, it was declared " that the object of the insti- 
 tution was to educate the youth placed in it through 
 the agency of the church of the Living God, and in the 
 principles of the Catholic faith as held by the Protestant 
 Episcopal Church in the United States, and with an 
 especial view, moreover, to the preparing for the study 
 of Theology, those intending to become Clergymen." 
 And accordingly we find now, for the first time in the 
 list of text books, such as the following: Church Cate- 
 chism, NicholVs Help to Reading the Bible, Tlie- 
 ophilus Americanus, and other books of a like character. 
 
 to that of " Warden; ■' and horeafter this office will be spoKen of under this 
 last title. 
 
 * Mr. Hodges did not accept. 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 47 
 
 This proclamation was equivalent, of course, to 
 throwing the institution for its support exclusively 
 upon the church, and those who, though not of the 
 church, were not afraid of her teaching. As might 
 have heen expected, very few of the students of the 
 previous year returned, and the classes were, for the 
 most part, made up of the young men, about thirty in 
 number, whom Doctor De Koven had brought with 
 him from St. John's Hall. So it may be said that, for 
 this 3"ear at least, the college Avas dependent on the 
 "daily bread" fund of Nashotah House. 
 
 It is worth while at this point to notice the following 
 features in the government of the institution, now in- 
 augurated, as they undoubtedly had much to do with 
 its subsequent popularity. Except day scholars, who 
 boarded at home with their parents, the students were 
 all required to board in the college buildings, and after 
 the former statement in the Register with reference to 
 the religious character of the institution, we read the 
 following : " The rector and three of the clergy reside 
 with the students in the college buildings, and direct 
 the internal government and discipline of the college. 
 They devote their whole time and care to the duties of 
 the institution, with the endeavor to realize the idea of 
 a Christian family, where the teachers are elder broth- 
 ers, and the scholars dutiful, obedient younger members, 
 all working together for the good of each other and the 
 glory of God. As a family they all meet together in a 
 common dining hall, and as a family they all pi'ay to- 
 gether, morning and evening, in the daily service of the 
 church, in the college chapel. It is believed that in this 
 way boys and young men are best shielded from sin and 
 
48 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 evil when away from the shelter of home and the care 
 of parents." 
 
 These features of college life, new in this country, if 
 perhaps we except St. James College, Maryland, seemed 
 to arrest the attention of parents having sons to edu- 
 cate. At any rate, during the following year, there was 
 a large increase of pupils, the number rising from forty 
 to upwards of sixty. This year, which was the eighth 
 of the college, the faculty also was increased by the ad- 
 dition of Mr. E. B. Spalding, A. M., and H. H. Van 
 Dusen, A. M., young men graduates of Hobart College 
 N. Y., as assistant masters in the Grammar School. 
 
 The year 1862 was especially marked bj'^ the procure- 
 ment of the contemplated amendment to the charter, 
 which provides that the Bishop of the diocese, the presi- 
 dent of Nashotah House, and the AVarden of the col- 
 lege, shall be ex officio trustees, and that all trustees 
 hereafter elected shall be communicants of the Protest- 
 ant Episcopal Church. 
 
 On the 10th day of July this year, the first class un- 
 der the present wardenship was graduated. It consisted 
 of the following six young men : Wm. Cox Pope, Thom- 
 as L. Bellam, Stejihen W. Frisbie, Wm. J. Pigott, 
 George A. Whitnej^ and George Vernor. These gradu- 
 ates were all preparatorj^ students of Nashotah House, 
 and are now all laboring in the ministry in different 
 parts of the country, one, Mr. Bellam, being the rector 
 of Jarvis Hall, Colorado. 
 
 In 1863, the first set of statutes was passed by the 
 trustees and published, and under these statutes the 
 board of fellows was organized, which, with some sub- 
 sequent changes with respect to membership, privileges, 
 
OF EACINE COLLEGE. 49 
 
 and duties, has continued down to the present day. It 
 holds its meetings once a month, and is regarded as un- 
 der the Warden, the governing body of the internal 
 affairs of the institution. 
 
 The eleventh year, 1862-3, was marked by the follow- 
 ing changes in the faculty : Prof. Nichols resigned and 
 entered the army as chaplain ; Dr. Park also resigned 
 both his offices, chancellor and professor, and Rev. J. C. 
 Passmore, D. D., late of St. James College, Maryland, 
 was called to and accepted the chair of Rhetoric, Intel- 
 lectual Philosophy and Political Economy. Dr. Pass- 
 more brought to this chair a long experience, having 
 been for twenty years professor in St. James College, 
 and rare qualifications, and added much to the intellec- 
 tual standing of the institution. In 186i, the Warden, 
 feeling that the burden of the discipline and the general 
 oversight of the institution was too much for one man, 
 created on his own authority the office of "Head Mas- 
 ter of the College,'' and placed in this office Mr. E. B. 
 Spalding, now the Rev. E. B. Spalding, who had already 
 proved liis efficiency in the government of the grammar 
 school. Mr. Spalding has held this office down to the 
 present time, it having been subsequently established 
 by the trustees, the title changed to that of " Sub- 
 Avarden," and ranked as the second office of the college ; 
 and in the establishment of that good order which has 
 all along characterized the institution, he has ever been 
 intimately associated with the Warden. 
 
 In the year 1864, on the 15th day of January, the 
 
 college met with its first calamity by fire. Park Hall, 
 
 with the exception of one wing, was burned to the 
 
 ground. In this conflagration nearly all the library, 
 
 4 
 
50 HISTOKICAL SKETCH 
 
 the cabinet and philosophical apparatus which had been 
 gathered by the assiduous labors of Dr. Park, were lost, 
 together with our neat upper room chapel. It is worthy 
 of notice that so well ordered was the discipline at this 
 time, that though all the lecture rooms were destroj^ed, 
 and about fifty students deprived of their dormitories, 
 yet only one day was lost from the regular class work, 
 and no more than two or three students left. The par- 
 lors and guest rooms of Kemper Hall were converted 
 into study and lecture rooms ; the dormitories there 
 were multiplied; a chapel was extemporized in one cor- 
 ner of the gymnasium, and in a very few days every 
 thing- Avas going on as usual. It is said that a fire 
 (though nothing can be more terrible at the time being) 
 is often a blessing; so it proved in this case. Sympa- 
 thizing friends both in and out of Racine, came forward 
 with liberal hand, and with the aid of the insurance, be- 
 fore the next autumn the burned building was restored 
 in an improved condition, and a new chapel, a separate 
 building, was in process of erection, the corner stone 
 being laid by Bishop Kemper on the 18th day of Au- 
 gust, 1874. As this is one of the permanent buildings 
 of the institution, I here give an outline of its descrip- 
 tion. 
 
 It is located on a line half way between Park and 
 Kemper Halls, and about 200 feet west, designed to be 
 the centre of the contemplated quadrangle. It is built 
 of the pale brick of Racine with red brick ornamen- 
 tation, the walls are high and the roof Gothic and open, 
 the windows are filled Avith richly stained glass. Its 
 dimensions are 90 b}^ 30 feet, besides a robing room and 
 organ chamber. It will seat about 300 persons. Very 
 
OF RACIXE COLLEGE. 51 
 
 few churches in the country are more admired. The 
 whole cost, inchiding organ, was nearly $18,000. 
 
 Another important event of this year v/as the enlarge- 
 ment of the College domain from ten to ninety acres. 
 This enlargement was made by purchase from the estate 
 of the late M. M. Strong, Esq., of the board of trustees. 
 Mr. Strong had secured the land for this especial purpose 
 in his own name previous to his death, which happened 
 in the spring of this year. A large part of it now under 
 thorough cultivation constitutes the College farm. To 
 the lamented Strong, who died in the spring of 1861, we 
 have to add the names of Nelson Pendleton and Isaac 
 Taylor in 1865. All these gentlemen were among the 
 largest contributors to the College and its staunchest 
 friends, and all members of the board of trustees from 
 the first. Mr. Taylor, who was a man of wealth, had 
 long been considering a plan for advancing the useful- 
 ness of the College by the endowment of some charity 
 connected with it, or the. erection of another building, 
 but was taken away suddenly, before his plan was fully 
 matured, leaving all of his estate to his widow. One 
 year afterwards, in October, 1866, Mrs. Taylor also died, 
 having, among her other munificent charities, in ac- 
 cordance with her late husband's wishes, bequeathed to 
 Racine College the sum of $65,000, of which $30,000 were 
 to be used in the erection of a building, $5,000 as the 
 trustees might decide^ and the balance to be securely in- 
 vested chiefly for the educational benefit of the orphan sons 
 of Episcopal clergymen in the diocese of Wisconsin. This 
 noble foundation was the first and is the only endow- 
 ment of the institution. In pursuance of the provisions 
 of the Taylor bequest, the corner stone of Taylor Hall 
 
52 HISTOKICAL SKETCH 
 
 was laid on the 22d day of June, 1S67, and the building 
 finished and occupied before the following- Christmas. 
 This edifice, the most imposing of any yet built, is 
 located on the northwest corner of the quadrangle, 
 about 400 feet west of Park Hall. In its shape, with 
 the exception of the roof, it follows the original model, 
 but is much larger. It is about 150 feet in length and 
 60 in width, besides a tower projecting from the west 
 front. The roof is Mansard. Including the basement 
 and attic there are five floors. As restored (it was burnt 
 a year ago as noticed further on), it furnishes the library 
 and five lecture rooms, and the remainder is fitted to 
 accommodate upwards of fifty students with study and 
 bed rooms, besides the families of Warden and Sub warden. 
 The original cost of the building was about $36,000. 
 
 I stop progress here a moment, to give a summary of 
 certain changes in, and additions to the faculty, down 
 to the present time, and of other matters which could 
 not well be introduced in chronological order. 
 
 In 1865 Rev. Geo. W. Dean, A. M., was added to the 
 faculty as Professor of Latin and Greek; in 1866 the 
 Rev. Alex. Falk, Ph. D., as Professor of German and His- 
 tory, and Rev. R. G. Hinsdale, A. M., as Professor of 
 Chemistry and Geology, and in -1867 the Rev. J. J. 
 Elmendorf, S. T. D., as Professor of English Literature 
 and Philosophy, the previous occupant of this chair» 
 the Rev. Dr. Passmore having died, much lamented, in 
 1866. In 1872 Prof. Dean resigned his chair. Dr. Falk 
 was transferred to the newly created chair of Greek, 
 and Rev. J. H. Converse, A. M., was called to and 
 accepted the chair of Latin, the professorship of His- 
 tory and Political Economy being given to the Sub- 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 06 
 
 ■warden. In 1873 tlie chair of Physics and Astronomy 
 was created. Up to this time the duties of this chair 
 had been fulfilled by the Professors of Mathematics and 
 Chemistry; to this chair the Rev. C. N. Spalding was 
 called, but did not accept until the fall of 1875. 
 
 The grauimar school, which has not demanded our 
 separate attention, though a large majority of students 
 have always been members of it, has in all these years 
 moved on with a full organized faculty of instruction 
 nnder the supervision of the Warden, and Subwarden, 
 the studies being directed by the board of fellows as by 
 statute provided. This department is arranged in six 
 forms, the full course requiring six years. A youth 
 having completed the sixth form is ready to enter the 
 collegiate department.* 
 
 * The following is a list of the memlKTS of the faculty of this department 
 since its organization in 1859, with the time of service of each, to which is 
 added the curriculum of studies pursued in it at the present time: 
 
 Rev. Henry C. Shaw, B. D., Adj. Prof. Latin and Greek, 1859-1869. 
 
 Kev. Edward Seymour, Tutor, 1859-1861 
 
 E. B. Spalding, A. M., Head Master, 1860 (now Subwarden). 
 
 H. H. Van Dusen, A. M., Assistant Master, 1860-1867. 
 
 S. Herbert Taylor, Tutor, 1862-1864. 
 
 B. E. Fleetwood, A. B., Tutor, 1863-1865. 
 
 Geo. Burton, A. B., Tutor, 1864-1865. 
 
 David Bonnar, Tutor, 1864-1865. 
 
 Kev. Chas. S. Siebt, Tutor in German, 1865-1867. 
 
 Rev. Watson B. Hall, A. B., Adj. Prof. Math., 1865. 
 
 Wm. E. Lightner, A. M., Tutor, 1865-1868. (Died.) 
 
 Dan. Marvin, A. M., Adj. Prof. Cireek, 1867-1871. 
 
 Giles R. Hallam, A. B., Tutor, 1867-1868. 
 
 Henry K. Huntington, A. B., Tutor, 1867-1808. 
 
 Rev. T. D. Pitts, A. M., Adj. Prof. Eng. Lit., 1868-1871. 
 
 M. S. V. Heard, A. M., Adj. Prof. Lat., 1868-1872 
 
 George S. Mead, A. B., Adj. Prof. Hist., 1868. 
 
 Walter K. Tales, B. D., Tutor, 1868-1871. 
 
 Samuel M. Hudson, A. B.. Tutor, 1870-1875. 
 
 G. B. Morgan, A. B., Tutor, 1870-lf71. 
 
54 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 The general dining hall, or refectory, up to 1871, 
 had been in the basement of Keraper Hall. This be- 
 coming crowded and inconvenient, the trustees, in the 
 spring of this year, took measures to provide a separate 
 building to be used for this purpose. A committee, con- 
 sisting of J. S . Rumsey, Esq., and Edvi^in H. Sheldon, 
 of Chicago, was appointed to take tlie matter in hand. 
 By hard work, and the aid of subscriptions raised the 
 
 Rev. Arthur Piper, A. M., Tutor, 1871. 
 
 Rev. F. S. Luther, A. M., Rector of School, 1872. 
 
 Edward C. Gould, A. M., Tutor iu Greek, 1873-1875. 
 
 Horace II. Martin, A. B., Tutor, 1875. 
 
 Gerald R. McDowell, A. B„ Tutor, 1875. 
 
 Chas. Truesdell, A. B., Tutor, 1875. 
 
 COURSE OE STUDIES IN CLASSICAL SCHOOL. 
 
 PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT. 
 
 FIRST FORM. 
 
 Sacred Studies. — Church Catechism Simplified. 
 
 Mathematics and History — Arithmetic; Davies' Intellectual. 
 
 English and Miscellaneous — Spelling, Reading, Writing. Geography; 
 Guyot's Intermediate, with Outline Maps. Clark's Beginner's Grammar. 
 Specimen Letters. 
 
 SECOND FORM. 
 
 Sacred Studies — Bible Questions. Mrs. Weston's Catechism. 
 
 Mathematics and i/is)!o/'y— Arithmetic; Davies' Practical. 
 
 English and Miscellaneous — ^'po.Wmg. Reading, Writing. Geography; 
 Guyot's Common School, with Outline Maps. Clark's Beginner's Grammar. 
 Specimen Letters. 
 
 THIRD FORM. 
 
 Sacred Studies — Chosen People; Youge. Biblical Questions. Collects. 
 Church Catechism. 
 
 Ancient Languages — Allen and Greenough's Latin Grammar. Leighton's 
 Latin Lessons, 
 
 Mathematics and History — Arithmatic; Davies' University. History of 
 the United States ; Quackenhos. 
 
 English and Miscellaneous — Spelling, Reading, Writing. Clark's Nor- 
 mal Grammar. Specimen Letters. 
 
 FOURTH FORM. 
 
 Sacred /S/lMrfees — Maclear's New Testament History. Biblical Questions. 
 Collects. Church Catechism 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 55 
 
 previous year by Professors Talk and Wheeler, in aid of 
 an endowment (the subscribers consenting to have them 
 go in this direction), the money needed was raised and 
 the buikliug erected. It stands at the north end of 
 Kemper Hall, is about 100 feet long and 30 wide, all 
 finished in one room. During the next season (1872), 
 another building was added to this for school rooms, and 
 recitation rooms, for the grammar department. These two 
 
 Anaeiil Lcuujuagcs — Citisa.r; Alien and Greenouglrs Latin Grammar. 
 Hadley's Greek Grammar. Boise'f5 First Lessons in Greek. 
 
 Mathematics and History — Arithmetic; Davies' University (finished). 
 Berard's History of England. 
 
 English and Miscellaneous — Spelling, Writing. English GJrammar; Bui 
 lion. Specimen Letters. 
 
 FIFTH FORM. 
 
 Sacred Studies — SnAlev's'M.simia.l. Collects. 
 
 Ancient Languages — yirgii; six books. Harkness' Latin Compositiou 
 Xenophon's Anabasis; three books. Hadley's Greek Grammar. 
 
 Mathet)iafics and History — History of Greece. Algebra ; Davies' Univer- 
 sity, to Equations of the Second Degree. 
 
 English and J/?sc«;ton«OMS — Spelling, Writing. Declamations. Compo- 
 sition. Natural Philosophy; Qnackenbos. English Literature; Oilman. 
 Hart's Rhetoric. 
 
 SIXTH FOUM. 
 
 Sacred Studies — S&&\e.r's Manual. 
 
 Ancient Languages —Cicero's Orations against Cataline, on the Maniliau 
 Law, and for the Poet Archias. Harkness' Latin Compositiou. Xenophon's 
 Cyropwdia; two books. Homer's Iliad; four books. Hadley's Greek Gram- 
 mar. Greek Composition. 
 
 Mathematics and /Tw/o/'y— Geometry; six books. History of Greece. 
 
 English and Miscellaneous — Spelling. Declamation. Composition. 
 Fowler's English Grammar. 
 
 COURSE OF STUDIES IN MATHEMATICAL SCHOOL. 
 
 PKEP.\Il.\TORY DEPARTMENT. 
 
 " C" CLASS. 
 
 Mathematics — Bayies' University Arithmetic. 
 1 English and Miscellaneous -'Ewgiii^h Grammar; Bullion. 
 Natural Science — Geography. Physical Geography. 
 History — History of England, 
 ia^tw — Leightou's Latin Lessons. 
 
56 HISTOEICAL SKETCH 
 
 buildings fill up tlie entire space between tlie two original 
 halls, and complete the east front of the quadrangle. 
 With the exception of the central part, which consists of 
 two stories and is surmounted by a bell tower, they are 
 both built one story, with open roof, the architecture 
 harmonizing with that of the other buildings. The 
 college now presents on the east an imposing front, 450 
 feet in length, unbroken, except by an archway in the 
 center. After the completion of these buildings, down 
 to the year 1875, the events were of no particular im- 
 portance to the continuity of this sketch, but this year 
 was made memorable by our second calamity by fire. 
 
 Taylor Hall, the pride of the institution, let it be no- 
 ticed, contained the library — carefully selected from 
 time to time, and very valuable for its size ; the labora- 
 ator}-, with all the chemical and philosophical appara- 
 tus; the lecture-rooms of the college proper; the rooms 
 of the Warden and Subwarden with their private libra 
 ries ; the college clock with its peal of bells, which had 
 been put up two years before at a cost of nearly f^2,000, 
 
 " B " CLASS. 
 
 Mathematics — Davies' University Algebra. 
 
 English and Misce/laneous—'Pvactical Bookkeeping. Declamations. 
 Hart's Ehetoric. 
 Natural Science — Natural Philosophy. 
 History — History of France. 
 
 German — Otto''s German Grammar. Conversations. Translations. 
 Latin — C;esar (begun). 
 
 " A '"'' CLASS, 
 
 3Iatheinatics — Davies' Legendre. 
 
 Englihh and 3risceUaneous~Fo\vlev'a English Grammar. Theme Writ- 
 ing. Declamations. Linear and Free Hand Drawing. 
 Natural /Sdeftce — Pynchon's Chemical Physics. Experiments. 
 History — History of Rome. 
 German, — Conversations. German Ballads. 
 Latin — C;esar. 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 5T 
 
 and the rooms of about fifty students, many of wliicli 
 liad been expensively furnished by themselves. At 5 
 o'clock on the morning of February 4th, while all the 
 inmates were sleeping, the cry was raised by the night 
 watchman that Taylor Hall was on fire. The fire had 
 broken out in the roof from a defective flue. The morn- 
 ing was bitterly cold, the wind blowing a gale, fortu- 
 nately not in the direction of any other building. In 
 two hours, the whole structure, excepting the walls, 
 with nearly all that it contained, apart from the living 
 beings, was in ashes. The loss in tbis conflagration, 
 over and above the insurance, was about •1^15,000, besides 
 private losses, and this was not all; for, though the 
 grammar school was undisturbed by the event, and the 
 work there went on in its usual course, the collegiate 
 department had to be suspended for several weeks, the 
 students going to their homes to remain until accommo- 
 dations could be provided for them in the other halls 
 and in the private houses of the professors, and, when 
 all was done that could be done, many facilities previ- 
 ously enjoyed were lacking; but, let it be said to the 
 great credit of the students that, with but one or two 
 exceptions, they all proved themselves loyal in this dis- 
 tress, returning at the appointed time and resuming 
 their studies in the face of all the disadvantages and 
 discomforts. 
 
 A special meeting of the Board of Trustees was held 
 on the 24th of February, at which it was resolved to 
 proceed to the work of restoration as soon as an adjust- 
 ment could be made with the insurance companies, and 
 meanwhile circulars were sent out and agents appoint ed 
 to solicit aid for supplementing the receipts on the pol- 
 
58 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 icies, and if possible to enable the Trustees to accom- 
 plish more than simply a restoration from the losses. 
 Although responses to this call were not as lai'ge or 
 numerous as it had been hoped, yet there was much in 
 them at which to rejoice. Receipts and promises came 
 in sufficient to warrant the trustees to venture upon 
 another and mucli needed building for a permanent 
 gymnasium and laboratory. The contracts for both 
 buildings were let in April, and they were ready for 
 occupancy in September of the same year. Taylor 
 Hall as restored, has already been described, and is much 
 more commodious than it was originally. Room has 
 been much economized and the building is warmed 
 throughout by steam. 
 
 The new building that constitutes the gymnasium 
 and laboratory is located on the southwest corner of the 
 quadrangle. It is built with Gothic roof. The dimen- 
 sions of the main part are 100 feet by 30 feet, all in one 
 room. This is the gymnasium, and is well furnished 
 with all the implements for physical exercise usually 
 found in such places. The laboratory is a wing on the 
 north, about 40 feet by 36 feet, and has during the past 
 year, by the diligence of the professor in that depart- 
 ment, been vs^ell furnished with new apparatus and fur- 
 nace, affording all the ordinary facilities for chemical 
 analysis and assaying. Hereafter no student desiring 
 to pursue these important branches of science need turn 
 away from Racine College to find advantages for pursu- 
 ing them successfully. 
 
 I deem it proper to say in this connection that the 
 library, though not fully restored to what it Avas before 
 the tire, is graduallj' increasing, by the addition of val- 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 59 
 
 uable books, selected with special reference to the needs 
 of the classes. 
 
 SUMMARY OF WORK. 
 
 Both the college proper and the grammar school 
 have always embraced two courses each, originally called 
 the scientific course and the classical course, now denom- 
 inated the school of science and the school of letters. 
 Those graduating in the former receive the degree of 
 Bachelor of Science, those in the latter the degree of 
 Bachelor of Arts. The programme of studies pursued 
 in each course in the college proper is given in the note 
 below, after the list of the present faculty.* 
 
 * Rev. James DeKoveu. D. D., Warden. 
 , Rev. E. B. Spalding, A. M., Subwardeu. 
 
 DEANS AND FACULTIES OF COLLEGL\TE SCHOOLS. 
 
 Rev. James DeKoven, D. D., Dean of the School of Letters. 
 Rev. Charles N. Spalding, A. M., Dean of the School of Science. 
 
 FACULTIES. 
 
 Rev. Homer Wheeler, A. M., Professor of Mathematics. 
 Rev. Alexander Talk, Ph. D., Professor of Greek and German. 
 Rev. R. G. Hinsdale, A. M., Professor of Chemistry and Geology. 
 Rev. J. J. Elmendorf, S. T. D., Professor of Philosophy and English Lit- 
 erature. 
 Rev. John H. Converse, A. M., Professor of Latin. 
 
 Rev. E. B. Spalding, A. M., Professor of History and Political Economy, 
 Rev. Charles N. Spalding, A. M., Professor of Astronomy and Physics. 
 
 COURSE OF STUDY IN SCHOOL OP LETTERS. 
 
 FRESHMAN CLASS. 
 
 Sacred Studies — CoWects. New Testament History, Smith. Blunt's Lec- 
 tures on the Catechism. 
 
 Ancient Languages — hivy. Horace (Odes). Cicero (De Senectute et De 
 Amicitia). Latin Composition. Herodotus. Homer. Greek Prose Compo 
 sition. Xenophon's Mem. 
 
 Ma/he?natics and ]Va/iind Sciences — A\gehra {iimi'hcd). Geometry (fin- 
 ished). 
 
 Philosoi}hy and Belles -Lett res — 'DQcAvi.m&iion. Composition. History 
 
60 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 The whole number of graduates down to the com- 
 mencement of the last year inclusive have been, Bach- 
 elors of Science, 32 ; Bachelors of Art, 90. Thewhole 
 
 and Structure of the English Language, Angus. Ancient History. German 
 and French. [The study of German and French is voluntary, and at extra 
 charge]. 
 
 SOPHOMORE CLASS. 
 
 Sacred Studies — EUicott-'s Life of Christ. New Testament History, Smith. 
 Blunt's Lectures on the Catechism. 
 
 Ancient Langitages — Hoyhcc (Satires, Epistles). Cicero (De Offlciis or 
 Tusculan Disputations). Latin Composition. Plato. Lysias. Greek Prose 
 Composition. 
 
 Mathematics and Natural Sciences— VXana and Sperical :Trigouometry. 
 Mensuration. Analytical Geometry (begun). Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Philosophy and Belles - Lettres — Composition. Declamation. Logic. 
 Foimal Khetoric. Forensic Discussions, Whately. History of the Middle 
 Ages, and Modern History to the end of the Thirty Years' War. German 
 and French. [The study of German and French is voluntary, and at extra 
 charge]. 
 
 JUNIOR CLASS. 
 
 Sacred Studies — Palmer's Church History. Greek Testament. 
 
 Ancient Languages — Taciivis.. Plautus. Terence. Latin Composition. 
 ./Eschylus. Sophocles. Demosthenes (De Corona). 
 
 3Iathematics and Natural (Sdences — Analyitical Geometry (finished). 
 Calculus. Chemistry. Guyot's Earth and Man. Geology. 
 
 Philoso})h7/ and Belles-Lettres — Critical Essays. Declamation. History 
 of English Literature. Esthetics. Physiology, Porter. Modern History 
 (finished). Lectures on Statistics and Political Geography. German and 
 French. [The study of German and French is voluntary, and at extra 
 charge]. 
 
 SENIOR CLASS. 
 
 Sacr'ed Studies — Lectures on the Prayer Book, and on Christian Doctrine. 
 Greek Testament. Ethics. Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion. 
 
 Ancient Languages — Juvenal. Lucretius. Thucydides. Aristophanes. 
 
 Mathe??iatics and Natural Sei^rec^s —Descriptive Geometry. Astronomy. 
 Anatomy, Physiology and Hygiene. Mineralogy. Geology, Lectures. Po- 
 litical Economy. 
 
 Philosophij and Belles-Lettres — Philosophical Essays. Original Orations. 
 History of Philosophy. Lectures on the History of Civilization. French. 
 [The study of German and French is voluntary, and at extra charge]. 
 
 COURSE OF STUDY IN SCnOOL OF SCIENCE. 
 
 FIRST YEAR. 
 
 Sacred Studies — Collects. New Testament History, Smith. Blunt's Lec- 
 tures on the Catechism. 
 
OF KACINE COLLEGE, 61 
 
 number of students that have been under instruction 
 for a longer or shorter time, amounts to about 1,400, 
 from nearly every state in the Union. 
 
 The spiritual work, which is one of the declared ob- 
 jects of the institution, must also receive its notice. 
 There have been baptized in the college chapel 108 ; 
 confirmed 235 ; and besides the work in this direction, 
 
 Mathematics and mitural Sciences — AXgahra. (flnished). Geometry (fin- 
 ished). Chemistry (Elementary). Physics. 
 
 Philosophy and Belles-Lettres — Composition. History and Structure of 
 the English Language. History of Home. 
 
 Modern Languages — German. Otto's Grammar. Whitney's Reader; 
 Translated from English to German. 
 
 SECOND YEAR. 
 
 Sacred Studies — Ellicotfs Life of Christ. New Testament History, Smith. 
 Blunfs Lecture on the Catechism. 
 
 Mathematics and Natural Sciences — Wauq. and Spherical Trigonometry. 
 Plane Surveying, Topography, Leveling, Mining. Mensuration. Analytical 
 Chemistry (Qualitative). Physics. 
 
 Philosophy a?id Belles-Lettres — Oratory, Composition. Logic. Inductive 
 Logic, Mills. Mediaeval and English History. 
 
 Modern Langitages— German. Otto's Grammar. Select Prose and Poe- 
 try. Translated from English to German. 
 
 THIRD YEAR. 
 
 Sacred Studies — Palmer's Church History. Greek Testament. 
 
 Mathematics and Natural Sciences — A.n&\yi\ca\ Geometry. Calculus. 
 Analytical Chemistry (flnished). Laboratory Practice. Physics. Geology. 
 
 Philosophy and Belles-Leltres — Corn-position. History of Literature. 
 Modern History. Esthetics. Psychology. 
 
 Modern Languages — French. German. Conversation. Schiller and 
 Goethe. 
 
 FOURTH YEAR.' 
 
 Sacred studies — Lectures on the Prayer Book, and on Christian Doctrine. 
 Greek Testament. Ethics. Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion. 
 
 Mathematics and Nat%i,ral /Sa«/iccs — Descriptive Geometry. Davies' 
 Shades and Shadows. Anatomy. Physical Geography. Physics. Botany. 
 Assaying and Metallurgy. 
 
 Philosophy and Belles-Lettres — Composition. History of Philosophy. 
 Political Economy. 
 
 Modern Languages — French. German Composition and Conversation. 
 Lectures on German Literature. 
 
62 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 connected immediately with the college, there are in the 
 suburbs of the city, three flourishing missions, with 
 church propert}^ amounting to $10,000, all established 
 and carried on by the college clergy. 
 
 My duty is now done except to notice a movement 
 of the past year looking to the future, and which it is 
 hoped may result in a third stage of the institution, 
 which shall have a far more extended record than the 
 two which have come under our notice. The move- 
 ment alluded to will be best understood by the follow- 
 ing circular put forth by its inaugurators, and which 
 will serve not only as a matter of current history, Avith 
 which to close this sketch, but also as an introduction 
 to the future histor}^ of the institution. 
 
OF RACIKE COLLEGE. 63 
 
 A CHURCH UNIVERSITY 
 
 FOR THE WEST AND NORTHWEST. 
 
 Racike College was founded in the year 1852, and 
 has now been in operation for nearl}' twenty-four years. 
 
 In the year 1859, a change was made in its govern- 
 ment, making it more distinctly churchly in its disci- 
 pline and care, and it has since that time been under 
 the charge of its present Warden. Its property consists 
 of about ninety acres of valuable land within the limits 
 of the city of Racine; a range of beautiful buildings 
 between four and five hundred feet in length, in eluding- 
 School House, Dining Hall, and two halls for the 
 scholars of the Grammar School; Taylor Hall^ a very 
 handsome and thoroughly appointed building, contain- 
 ing the Warden's and Subvvarden's rooms, and the 
 studies and rooms for the College students; a fine Lab- 
 oratory and Gymnasium recently built; and a Collegiate 
 Church placed in the centre of the Quadrangle. In 
 addition to the land and buildings, there is an endow- 
 ment of about $30,000, the interest of which is devoted 
 by the will of the donor to the keeping of Taylor Hall 
 in repair, and to the education of the orphan sons of 
 Episcopal Clergymen of the State of Wisconsin. 
 
 There is a debt of $25,000 upon the property, so 
 funded that it cannot give trouble to the Institution, 
 and the interest is almost, if not entirely, met by the 
 profits arising from the land. 
 
 The property, without counting the fund of 130,000, 
 
64 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 is worth about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 
 The Charter and the Statutes of the College, which are 
 printed with this statement, afford every security for 
 the government and perpetuity of the College, under 
 the care of the Protestant Episcopal Church. 
 
 The Bishops of Michigan, Indiana, Nebraska, Mis- 
 souri, Colorado, Wisconsin, Western Michigan, Illinois 
 and Fond du Lac, after full conference and considera- 
 tion, have determined to adopt Racine College as the 
 Collegiate Institution of their respective Dioceses, with 
 the determination, with the help of God, to make it a 
 Church University of the West and Northwest. 
 
 For this purpose, they are to be Trustees and Visitors 
 of the College, with the powers accorded them in the 
 statutes. 
 
 These statutes, it will be noticed, give to the Bishops 
 as such — 
 
 1. The presidency of the Board of Trustees, accord- 
 ing to seniority. 
 
 2. In the case of a vacancy, the nomination of the 
 Warden of the College. 
 
 3. A veto power over the regulations in regard to the 
 worship of the Collegiate Church; and, 
 
 4. A visitatorial power, with provision for an annual 
 visitation. 
 
 The reasons which have induced the Bishops to enter 
 upon this work are of the gravest cliaracter, and must 
 commend themselves to every churchman. They feel 
 that no institution of a broad and liberal character can 
 be established without united effort — that no single di- 
 ocese can make it what it ought to be, and that the 
 union of many dioceses in such a work is necessary to 
 
OF RACINE COLLEGE. 65 
 
 secure enlarged interest, freedom from any narrow meth- 
 ods, and sufficient numbers and means to establish a 
 true university. 
 
 They feel that the time has come for such a work, 
 unless the church in the west is prepared to surrender 
 its traditional character as the truest and best educator 
 of the people. 
 
 They find the most powerful motive for their present 
 action, in the circumstances of the times, in the needs of 
 the day, in the growing infidelity, and in the entreating 
 cries which come from all sides for an education which 
 shall neglect no need of human nature, and least of all 
 the immortal soul. 
 
 The have chosen Racine College, because it is the 
 only church college proper in actual operation between 
 Kenyon College, in Ohio, and the Pacific Ocean; and 
 because they find in it foundations wisely laid, and onl}' 
 needing to be as wisely built upon. The college already 
 comprises two schools — a school of letters and a school 
 of science — with seven professors, whose whole time 
 and labor are given to them. All this is apart from and 
 independent of the large and successful preparatory de- 
 partment. Grammar schools, similar to which, will 
 eventually be established in all the dioceses where they 
 do not now exist. They have, however, chiefly been led 
 to its selection, by the further consideration that the 
 plan proposed by the trustees will permit the bishops to 
 build up a university on the most liberal basis, where 
 true freedom of thought shall prevail, guided and 
 moulded by the conservative influences of the faith of 
 the church. 
 
 The Bishops, therefore, in His name Who has com- 
 5 
 
6Q HISTORICAL SKETCH. 
 
 mitted to them the care of the flock of Christ, ask of the 
 clergy and laity of their respective dioceses their prayers 
 and assistance in the work thus begun. They can aid 
 the plan b}' seeking for full information, by endeavor- 
 ing to urge young men to embrace the advantages which 
 the institution will be enabled to offer them, and by 
 such gifts as in time shall make it what we pray it may 
 become, a Christian University for this mighty west. 
 
 Signed for the Bishops of Michigan, Indiana, Nebras- 
 ka, Missouri, Colorado, Wisconsin, Western Michigan, 
 Illinois, and Fond du Lac, by 
 
 E. R. Welles, 
 
 Bishop of Wisconsin. 
 
 Geo. D. Gillespie, 
 
 , Bislwp of Western Michigan. 
 
 W. E. McLarein-, 
 
 Bi&hop of Illinois. 
 
 Committee. 
 
HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 OF 
 
 MILTON COLLEGE. 
 
 THE FIRST BUILDING. 
 
 In the summer ami fall of lS4i, an odd looking struc- 
 ture was erected in the village' of Milton for the use of 
 an academic school. Its walls were composed of gravel 
 and lime, so mixed that they would harden, like mortar, 
 in a short time by the action of the atmosphere. The 
 size of the building was twenty by thirty feet, and one 
 story high ; a small " lean-to " was attached to the rear 
 end ; a cupola, with four spires and a bell mounted in 
 it, graced the front peak of the gambrel-roof; and a huge 
 sign, painted '^ Milton Academy," stretched the whole 
 length of the building over the front entrance to the 
 school-room. A large outside door opened imraediatel}^ 
 into this room. On entering, you saw a rope dangling 
 from an auger-hole in the ceiling overhead, and used 
 for ringing the sharp-toned bell. The mouldings of 
 the doors and windows were very plain, and, together 
 with the benches, which nearly filled the room, were 
 painted a dark-blue color. The plastering was rough 
 and fell, after a while, in spots overhead, and became 
 
68 HISTOKICAL SKETCH 
 
 mouldy and dingy in places on the walls. At the far- 
 ther side was the rostrum, one step high, and occupying 
 one-fifth of the area of the room. Tliis building was 
 erected near the northwest corner of the " public 
 squire," when there were only four dwelling houses in 
 the village; and its conspicuous label was visible from 
 all points of approach to the village. The cost of con- 
 struction was about '^300, which was paid by Hon. Jo- 
 seph Goodrich, who planned and erected the edifice — 
 the first gravel one in this section. For ten years the 
 school was held in this humble place. 
 
 ORIGIN. 
 
 The idea of opening here a school in which might be 
 obtained an education more advanced than that afforded 
 by the district schools of this vicinity, originated with 
 Mr. Goodrich, who erected the first building and se- 
 lected, six years before, this spot for the village of Mil- 
 ton. Meager instruction in the elementary branches 
 was imparted in the very few common schools in this 
 section, which were generally held three months in the 
 year in small private houses, and had, at that time been 
 in operation onlj^ four or five years. There was no col- 
 lege in the state. Four feeble academies had been 
 started in the southern portion, viz. : Southport Acade- 
 my, at Kenosha, now extinct ; Prairie ville Academy, at 
 Waukesha, afterwards merged into Carroll College; Be- 
 loit Seminary, which has been suspended for several 
 years; and Platte ville Academy, in Grant county, re- 
 cently changed into a State Normal School. 
 
 The institution was originated Avith no other purpose 
 than to accommodate the young people of this immedi- 
 
OV MILTOK COLLEGE. 69 
 
 ate vicinity. There was no expectation that it woakl 
 ever become a first-class academy or a college. The few 
 inhabitants of the place, and the sparsely settled condi- 
 tion of the prairies and oak openings about us, gave no 
 prophecy of the present growth of the country, nor of 
 the high position to which the school has attained. In 
 fact, the enterprise was deemed visionary and preten- 
 tious by many of the people, who did not furnish much 
 pecuniary aid in the beginning, and yet patronized the 
 school generously by furnishing students for its classes. 
 
 The nature of the locality and the character of the 
 inhabitants have materially aided the enterprise. Tlie 
 intermixture of small prairies and woodlands with rich 
 alluvial soils, attracted, in an early day, the notice of 
 the pioneers of the east, and led to the closely compact 
 settlement of the country. The position on a broad, 
 rolling upland, one of the highest elevations between 
 Lake Michigan and the Mississippi river, and one hun- 
 dred and thirty feet above the beautiful Rock river, 
 which flows around in nearly a half circle at the dis- 
 tance of six to eight miles, is one of exceeding health- 
 fulness. The scenery is surpassingly delightful. 
 
 The present inhabitants migrated principally from 
 New England and New York. A few fimiilies came 
 from Scotland and Pennsylvania. All were acquainted 
 with the workings of public schools, and some with the 
 advantages of an academy. The ideas of education, 
 first formed by an experience under the school system 
 of Massachusetts, and remoulded afterwards in the 
 midst of the thrift and greatness of the Empire State,, 
 guided those who built up and patronized the school. 
 One of the first teachers in the institution says: "No 
 
70 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 where else have I ever witnessed the exhibition of more 
 zeal and public spirit in the behalf of education.'' 
 
 It was expected that a few of the youngs people of 
 this section might here fit themselves to enter some col- 
 lege, either in the West or in the East; but the instruc- 
 tion to be given in the school was designed almost 
 exclusively for two purposes, viz.: to aid young men in 
 qualifying themselves for the ordinar}^ business pur- 
 suits, and both young men and young women to pre- 
 pare themselves for teaching in the public schools. 
 From the beginning, every advantage which was to be 
 offered to 3'oung men in the acadeni}^ was also to be of- 
 fered to young ladies. They both were to recite in the 
 same classes. A school of this kind, it was thought, 
 would tend to induce families coming into this new 
 country to settle in the vicinity of the place. Many 
 persons vrere moving at the time into this region, and 
 a well-regulated and enterprising academy would com- 
 pensate them in part for the educational facilities which 
 they left liehind them in the East. 
 
 AS A SELECT SCHOOL. 
 
 Near the beginning of December, 1844, a select 
 school was opened in the gravel academy, under the 
 charge of Rev. Bethuel C. Church, who came here from 
 Michigan, on an invitation to teach. He had previ- 
 ously conducted such private schools in a successful 
 manner in the state of New York. The use of the 
 building was furnished him without charge, and he had 
 all the income from the tuition. He taught only two 
 terms — the winter and the spring — and had over sixty 
 students in attendance. It was thus shown that a 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 71 
 
 scliool of this grade was needed, and a seiifcinient iu fa- 
 vor of sustaining it was created. 
 
 The next teacher of any strength was Rev. S. S. 
 Bicknell, a Congregational clergyman. He was a grad- 
 uate of Dartmouth College, a thorough scholar, a cour- 
 teous gentleman, patient in his labors, and an accom- 
 plished teacher. He was engaged in the academy for 
 two and a half years, drew in students from other lo- 
 calities, and formed the basis of the real academic course 
 of studies. About seventy students were in attendance 
 each year. 
 
 At the close of the spring term, 1847, Mr. Bicknell 
 issued a catalogue. From it we learn that the tuiti:)n 
 was uniform, and only -^3.00 per term; and that board 
 in private families was from §1.00 to §1.50 per week. 
 The school year was divided into three terms, of eleven 
 weeks each. During that 3'ear, forty of the students 
 were gentlemen and twenty-seven were ladies. About 
 three-fourths of these studied the higher English 
 branches; and eleven, the languages. Some rude appa- 
 ratus was employed in giving instruction in the natural 
 sciences. A weekly debating society was formed, and 
 several of the citizens of the place became active mem- 
 bers of it. The income of the school would not sup- 
 port an additional teacher, and so Mr. Bicknell per- 
 formed the whole labors in charge of the students, and 
 in teaching the classes. Most of his pupils belonged to 
 families residing in the immediate neighborhood ; and 
 they were, as he states, " studious, exemplary in their 
 habits, seemed to appreciate rightly the advantages of 
 an education, and used most diligently the means neces- 
 sary to acquire it." 
 
72 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 After he retired from the academy, he was occupied 
 for several years in preaching for Congregational 
 churches in this section of the state. He is still living 
 at an advanced age, and enjoys the confidence and high 
 esteem of very many friends. 
 
 DU LAC ACADEMY. 
 
 In the winter of 1847-^8, the citizens of the place 
 combined together to secure a charter for the school, 
 and to place it under the control of a board of trustees. 
 Up to this time, it had been solely under the manage- 
 ment of Hon. Joseph Goodrich, who had sustained all 
 the losses for the teacher's salary and the incidental 
 expenses. The advantages which the school had con- 
 ferred upon the community were marked and satisfac- 
 tory. It was settled that a school with academic priv- 
 ileges could be maintained here. The people had been 
 partially educated to foster such an institution, and to 
 look forward to its assuming a higher and more perma- 
 nent position. Accordingly, an act of incorporation 
 was obtained from the Wisconsin territory, Feb. 28, 
 1848, granting to seven trustees the exclusive control of 
 the school, Avhich was entitled " The Du Lac Academy," 
 a name that was never popular, nor used bej^ond the 
 charter and the correspondence of the officers of the 
 school. The shares of stock were five dollars each. 
 Instruction should not be given, nor any meetings 
 of the corporation held, on either the seventh-day or 
 the first-day of the week. The trustees were as 
 follows: President, Abram Allen; Secretar}', Hon. A. 
 P. Blakesley; Nathan G. Storrs, Alfred Walker, Clark 
 G. Stillman, and John Stillman. They met individu- 
 ally the deficits of the school for teacher's wages. 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. i6 
 
 The building was engaged by the trustees of the 
 academy, on the condition that no rent shonld be paid 
 for its use, if a college graduate should be hired as prin- 
 cipal. In the fall after the charter was obtained, a Mr. 
 Prindle, a graduate of some eastern college, and for- 
 merly from Vermont, was secured as teacher. He 
 closed his connection with the school at the end of the 
 first term. The winter succeeding. Prof. Jonathan 
 Allen, now President of Alfred University, N. Y., had 
 charge of the academy ; but he remained only one term. 
 He was assisted b}' Rev. Amos W. Coon, who became 
 the principal the spring following, in 1849. Daring 
 this winter term, anew life was infused into the institu- 
 tion, new methods of instruction were introduced, and 
 a larger number of students than usual were in attend- 
 ance. Prof Coon labored in the school for two years, 
 and was aided over a year by Prof P. P. Livermore. 
 from Alfred University; and in the winter of 1850-51, 
 by W. C. Whitford, then a member of the senior class 
 of Union College, N. Y. Prof Coon had prepared 
 himself for his work at Alfred University. He was 
 an energetic, pains-taking, and enthasiastic instructor; 
 raised the standing of the school to a higher grade 
 than it had reached before; and induced young people 
 from localities twenty and thirty miles distant to join 
 the classes. The attendance was raised to over a hun- 
 dred a year. 
 
 As an example of the public work which the students 
 occasionally performed at this time, we will refer to the 
 closing exercises of the academy, July 4, 1849. The}' 
 were entitled the "Annual Celebration of the Du Lac 
 Academy;" and occupied the day, with an intermission 
 
74 HISTOKTCAL SKETCH 
 
 of an hour and a lialf for dinner, from 9 o'clock in the 
 morning till 4 o'clock in the afternoon. They con- 
 sisted in singing several appropriate pieces of music, 
 reading thirty rsix original essay's, and delivering three 
 orations — the Salutatory, the Latin, and the Valedic- 
 tory. Mr. L. P. Gilbert, a teacher afterwards in the 
 academy, presented the Salutatory and the Latin ora- 
 tions; and Hon. L. B. Caswell chose for his subject, 
 "American Independence." 
 
 A visitor at the academy during a winter term, at 
 this time, found over seventy students in attendance, 
 two-thirds of whom were gentlemen, the other third 
 ladies. He would at once be impressed with the ap- 
 pearance of these students for intelligence, strength, and 
 hardiness. They demanded, he would say, that the in- 
 struction should be practical and full of energy. Some 
 of the scholars studied in the room where recitations 
 were conducted at the same time; while others were at 
 their rooms in private houses in the village. The classes 
 recited usually by the topical method, and showed care- 
 ful preparation and independence of thought. A few 
 pursued studies in Latin, Algebra, and Natural Philoso- 
 phy; but the larger portion studied the common Eng- 
 lish branches. 
 
 Prof. Coon retired from the academy at the close of 
 the winter term, 1851; and Col. George R. Clarke, now 
 of Chicago, formerlj' a student in Beloit College, taught 
 the school the following spring term. 
 
 From the opening of the fall term, 1851, Prof A. C. 
 Spicer had the supervision of the academy most of the 
 time for seven 3Tars. He was a graduate of the aca- 
 demic department of Alfred L'niversity, had attended 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. iO 
 
 Union College one year, and tauglit some time in De 
 Rnyter Institute, N. Y. He was assisted by his wife, 
 Mrs. Susanna M. Spicer, who graduated at the Troy 
 Female Seminary, N. Y., and was a most accomplished 
 teacher. Their compensation was derived entirely from 
 the tuition fees. They both brought to their work 
 great devotion in teaching, as well as adviwiced ideas of 
 education. For the first three years of their charge, 
 the success of the school was varying. The academic 
 building became unteiuible, and the classes met a por- 
 tion of the last two years in a private house. Yet the 
 attendance on the whole gradually increased. For the 
 want of suitable accommodations, the school was sus- 
 pended two-thirds of the year, in 1853. It became evi- 
 dent that better facilities by the way of buildings, appa- 
 ratus, and cabinets must be furnished, or the enterprise 
 must be abandoned. A larger faculty must also be 
 secured, and regular courses of study be adopted. A 
 greater number of the people in this section must be 
 enlisted in the support of the academy, and money con- 
 tributed to place it in a better working condition. 
 With this result, the history of the school as the Dn 
 Lac Academy ended. 
 
 THE MILTON ACADEMY. 
 
 The awakening of a new interest in the school led to 
 the formation of a larger association of the citizens; 
 and a new charter was obtained from the legislature, 
 March 31, 1854, naming the institution, "The Milton 
 Academy." Another Board of seven Trustees was con- 
 stituted, with L. G. Maxson, M. D., as the chairman; 
 Prof. A. C. Spicer as the secretary; Hon. Jeremiah 
 
76 HISTOKICAL SKETCH 
 
 Davis, R. F. Fraser, Peter McEwaii, John Alexander, 
 and C. H. Greenman, as the other trustees. In the .year 
 following, some changes were made in the board. Hon. 
 Joseph Goodrich w^s elected chairman ; and Moses T. 
 Walker, Joseph Spaulding and J. C. Culver were substi- 
 tuted for other members. Mr. Goodrich acted as the 
 presiding officer until 1860, when he resigned; and H. 
 G. Greenman, Esq., was chosen to fill his place. Prof. 
 Spicer served as secretary until 1858, when B. F. Col- 
 lins, M. D., was elected to succeed him. On the death 
 of the latter, in 1864, A. W. Baldwin, Esq., was selected 
 as secretary; and he has occupied this position in the 
 board in the most efficient manner all the time since. 
 In 1862, Levi H. Bond was elected the chairman, and 
 remained in the office until the organization of the col- 
 lege, in 1867. While the school was acting under this 
 academic charter, Hon. Jeremiah Davis and C. H. Green- 
 man were the faithful treasurers of the board. 
 
 The school was reorganized in the spring of 1854, 
 under the former teachers, and was kept in private resi- 
 dences until the fall of 1855. In the mean time, a 
 beautiful and commodious building, made of Milwaukee 
 pressed brick, was erected on a bluff in the southwestern 
 part of the village. It Avas forty by forty-four feet in 
 size, three stories high, and contained, besides a chapel, 
 four recitation rooms and a boarding hall. Its cost was 
 something over 14,000, which was paid mainly by the 
 subscriptions of the stockholders of the academy. In 
 these stockholders were vested the property and the 
 government of the institution. 
 
 In the fall of 1854, Prof. Albert Whitford was added 
 to the faculty, and he took the charge of the depart- 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 77 
 
 meiit of Ancient Languages. He has since been con 
 nected with the school all the time, except for about two 
 years, when he was principal of De Rnyter Institute, 
 and also for three years, when he was professor of 
 mathematics in Alfred University. He is a graduate of 
 Union College, has filled the office of county superin- 
 tendent of schools, and is now the teacher of pure 
 mathematics in the college. During the year 1856, 
 Prof. M. Montague instructed the classes in Ancient 
 Languages. He had large experience in this work, 
 and proved to be a thorough teacher. At this time the 
 department of music, principally instrumental, was cre- 
 ated in the school, and a proficient lady instructor was 
 placed in charge of it. The attendance of the students 
 reached, this year, two hundred and twelve. Two 
 courses of study were adoi)ted, each embracing four 
 years — the Teachers' Course and the Classical Course. 
 At the close of this academic year, three students, Susan 
 E. Burdick, Chloe C. Whitford, and Ruth A. Graham, 
 graduated in the Teachers' Course. These were the 
 first graduates of the institution. 
 
 In the summer and fall of 1857, the need of another 
 building for dormitory purposes being greatly felt, the 
 trustees authorized Hon. Joseph Goodrich and Hon. 
 Jeremiah Davis, at that time two of the most wealthy 
 and enterprising citizens of the place, to erect one with 
 suitable accommodations for about fifty students. It 
 was located on the grounds of the institution, was con- 
 structed of cream colored brick, and cost nearly $5,000. 
 It is now called the "Goodrich Hall," and is occupied 
 by lady students. These men thus employed to erect 
 the building contributed a very large portion of the 
 means used in meeting the cost. 
 
78 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 At the close of the spring term, 1858, Prof. Spicer 
 and his wife resigned their positions in the academy. 
 Under their administration, two suhstantial buildings 
 had been erected, the attendance of the students doubled, 
 and a more complete arrangement of the classes secured. 
 The tuition had been $4.00 and -^5.00 for the English 
 studies; and $6.00 and '^7.00 for the Ancient and Modern 
 Languages, the Higher Mathematical and Natural Sci- 
 ences. Board had been 11.50 to ^2.00 per week in private 
 families; and suitable conveniences had been furnished 
 the students who boarded themselves. Literary societies 
 among both the young men and the young ladies had 
 been formed. Prof. Spicer had also filled honorable 
 positions among the educators in the state. 
 
 A CHANGE IN THE MANAGEMENT. 
 
 After several efforts were made to obtain a successor 
 to Prof Spicer, as the principal of the institution, the 
 trustees prevailed upon Rev. W. C. Whitford, A. M., 
 then the pastor of the Seventh-day Baptist Church of 
 Milton, to assume the charge during the following fall 
 term. Afterwards, he consented to remain in the same 
 position the balance of the year. Finally, he resigned 
 the pastoral charge of the church and became per- 
 manently connected with the school as the principal. 
 He had fitted himself for college at De Ruyter Insti- 
 tute; graduated at Union College in 1853; and com- 
 pleted the full course of studies at Union Theological 
 Seminary, New York City. 
 
 At the time, scarcely any other place could have been 
 more uninviting. Heavy debts for the erection of the 
 buildings had been contracted; the community was 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 79 
 
 sharply divided on questions whicli were connected with 
 the management of the academy; a rival institution 
 had been opened in the place; and several academies 
 within twenty-five miles of Milton had sprung into ex- 
 istence. 
 
 The principal had associated with him, during his 
 first year, Prof. Albert Whitford, A. M.; the wife of the 
 latter, Mrs. Chloe C. Whitford, who became the pre- 
 ceptress; Mr. S. S. Rockwood, an advanced student; 
 Mrs. Flora H. Rockwood, a graduate of Fort Edward 
 Seminary, N. Y.; and Mr. Wiot H. Clarke, a music 
 teacher. In the following year, there was added to the 
 faculty Prof. (x. M. Guernsey, A. M., a graduate of Am- 
 herst College, and afterwards the principal of Platteville 
 Academy, in this state. Mrs. Ida F. Kenyon, from 
 Alfred University, became teacher of vocal and instru- 
 mental music and the German Language. In the year 
 1861, Mrs. Ruth H. Whitford, who had labored success- 
 fully in academic schools in New Jersey, entered upon 
 the duties of preceptress, and filled the position for 
 three years. In the same year, Prof. N. C. Twining, A. 
 M., a graduate of the institution, was called to the de- 
 partment of nuathematics which he held for seven years. 
 He has since been engaged at the head of several excel- 
 lent high schools in the state. Prof. Edward Searing, 
 A. M., a graduate of the University of Michigan, began 
 his work as instructor of the Latin and French Lan- 
 guages, at the opening of the academic year in 1863. 
 He remained in this professorship until 1873, when he 
 was elected the Superintendent of Public Instruction 
 of Wisconsin. While here, he published his popular 
 work on the first six books of Virgirs iEneid, and pre- 
 
80 HISTOEICAL SKETCH 
 
 pared a portion of liis forthcoiiiiiig text-book on Ho- 
 mer's Iliad. The students made excellent progress 
 under his vigorous and thorough instruction. Mrs. 
 Eliza Johnson, who graduated at both this institution 
 and the Cazenovia Seminary, N. Y., was preceptress for 
 the year ending July 4, 1865. She was succeeded by 
 Mrs. A. Miranda Isham, from Alfred University, who 
 remained in the position until the close of the year 
 1869. Mrs. Alicia F. Adams was music teacher from 
 1861:, until the close of the summer term of 1867; and 
 Miss Mary F. Bailey, A. M., a graduate of Alfred Uni- 
 versity, teacher of the German Language, from 1865 to 
 1873. 
 
 Besides the members of the fticulty mentioned before, 
 there were engaged between 1858 and 1867, for brief 
 periods, the following teachers : Prof. 0. M. Conover, 
 Eev. A. H. Lewis, S. S. Wallihan, M. D., Rev. 0. U. 
 Whitford, Ptev. L. A. Platts, Miss Emily C. Wyman, 
 and Miss Frances T. Pillsbury. 
 
 In the Avinter and spring of 1863, a wooden building, 
 three stories high, with twentj^-two rooms, was erected 
 near the grounds of the institution, and at the cost of 
 $2,000. It was used for domitory purposes, and is occu- 
 pied by gentlemen students. An addition to the main 
 hall was begun in 1866, and finished the following year. 
 This, with the tower in front, and the repairs in the 
 old recitation room and the chapel, cost nearly 1^8,000 ; 
 and it doubled the accommodations of the hall for the 
 classes. 
 
 REVIEW OF THE ACADEMIC WORK. 
 
 The institution closed its operations under the charter- 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 81 
 
 as an academy, July 2, 1867, in consequence of its in- 
 corporation as a college. A review of its history for the 
 last thirteen years, under the title of the Milton Acad- 
 emy, will furnish the reasons why its friends sought and 
 obtained the college charter. Beginning with the at- 
 tendance of about one hundred students per year, the 
 school registered, in 1866, four hundred and twenty-one 
 pupils. Seventy-three students — thirty-nine gentle- 
 men and thirty-four ladies — had graduated in all the 
 courses of the academy. The opposition academy organ- 
 ized in the place had perished soon after its opening. 
 All classes of people were united in maintaining the 
 school at a high standard. While the institution had 
 been sustained mainly by the means and labors of the 
 Seveiith-day Baptists, yet it was very largely patronized 
 by the young people from the other religious denomina- 
 tions in this section. Over 15,000 of the indebtedness 
 had been canceled. In all these thirteen years not the 
 debt of a single dollar for teachers' salaries had been 
 contracted, nor an obligation against the institution, in 
 any form, had been added to the indebtedness. The 
 philosophical and chemical apparatus had been enlarged, 
 and some valuable collections had been made for the 
 botanical and geological cabinets. The basement of the 
 main hall had been refitted for boarding accommoda- 
 tions, and the grounds ornamented with shade trees. 
 Several thousand dollars in subscriptions had been re- 
 ceived for the enlargement of this hall, and about five 
 thousand dollars for an endowment fund. 
 
 Three courses of study had, most of the time, been sus- 
 tained, namely : the Normal and English, the Scientific, 
 and the Classical, each extending over a period of four 
 6 
 
82 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 years. In the Normal Department, a large part of the 
 work of the institution was performed. It was organ- 
 ized under the regulations of the Normal Regents of the 
 State from 1858 to 1865, and received some aid each 
 year from the normal school fund. During the last 
 eight years, nearly one hundred teachers were annually 
 prepared for the public and private schools. The report 
 of the state superintendent, for 1866, states that one 
 hundred and fifty-nine students were in the normal 
 classes of the academy, and that eighty-one of this num- 
 ber taught during that j-ear. The Wisconsin Journal 
 of Education, for 1864, said that " no academy in the 
 state furnishes so many teachers for the surrounding 
 schools as this." The members of this department were 
 trained for their profession, not onl}^ by daily recitations 
 in the studies of the prescribed course, but by lectures 
 and discussions on the different principles and methods 
 of education. The students who were pursuing the sci- 
 entific and the classical courses had an opportunity to 
 fit themselves for the junior classes in our colleges. In 
 these the modern and the ancient languages were most 
 carefully taught. Marked attention was given to the nat- 
 ural sciences and the higher mathematical studies. The 
 more advanced students — both gentlemen and ladies — 
 often expressed the wish that the institution would add 
 to its curriculum the studies of the last two years of the 
 college courses. Eightj'-five students were found, at 
 the close of the academic year for 1867, ready to form 
 the freshman and sophomore classes, under the organiza- 
 tion of the college. 
 
 OUR PATRIOTIC RECORD. 
 
 Before dismissing the review of our academic career^ 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 83 
 
 we desire to notice the part which the institution took 
 in the civil war. It freel}^ sacrificed money to the 
 amount of hundreds of dollars, and worked efficiently 
 to secure enlistments in the army. Its students were 
 mustered into the service at every call for volunteers. 
 Twenty young men left their work on the first news that 
 the civil conflict had begun. Scores of students drilled 
 in the manual of arms, under an efficient master, in the 
 chapel, and on the grounds of the academy. Ambitious 
 and patriotic young men were aided in many ways, so 
 that they could secure positions in the army. Of the 
 graduates and the students, three hundred and eleven 
 volunteered in the service, and fort //-three fell by the 
 bullet or by disease. The school raised, officered, and 
 sent into the army two companies, and parts of three 
 other companies, belonging to the Wisconsin regiments. 
 Sixty-nine of these students received commissions to 
 fill positions from second lieutenant to brigadier gen- 
 eral. The catalogue of the academy, for 1866, contains 
 an " Army List," in which are given the names of the 
 students who entered the service, the regiments to which 
 they belonged, and the position of each on being mus- 
 tered out of the army. 
 
 THE MILTON COLLEGE. 
 
 It was no hasty or ill-advised movement on the part 
 of the friends of the school, in obtaining a college char- 
 ter with university privileges. The responsibility and 
 toil in building up such an institution were carefully 
 considered, and the risks to be encountered were thor- 
 oughly canvassed. The act of incorporating the college 
 passed the legislature of the state, in February, 1867; 
 
84 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 and was formally accepted by the stockholders of the 
 institution, March 13, following. It granted the privi- 
 leges of " affording instruction in lite^Mture, the sciences, 
 and the arts, in the theory and practice of the element- 
 ar}' branches of study, and in any or all the liberal pro- 
 fessions, in such manner, and at such times as the board 
 of trustees may deem practicable and desirable ;" and of 
 " conferring on those whom they may deem worthy, all 
 such honors and degrees as are usually conferred in like 
 institutions." At all meetings of the corporation, each 
 stockholder should be entitled to one vote for each share 
 of stock owned by him. The stock of the institution 
 was divided, as it had been for thirteen years, into shares 
 of twenty-five dollars each; and it should be regarded 
 as personal property. The possession and government 
 of the college were vested in the original stockholders, 
 who were authorized to elect a board of trustees, to con- 
 sist of not less than fifteen nor more than twenty-seven 
 members. Nine of this board formed a quorum for the 
 transaction of business. One-third of their number, 
 after the first election, were to be chosen each year, and 
 to hold their office three years. The officers of the 
 ))oard consisted of a president, vice president, secretary'', 
 treasurer, and financial agent. No religious test or qual- 
 ification should be required of any trustee, officer, pro- 
 fessor, teacher, or student of the institution. 
 
 A board of twenty-seven trustees were elected, March 
 13, 1867. At a meeting of this board, on the 27th of 
 the same month. Rev. W. C. Whitford, A. M., was 
 chosen the President of the board; Rev-. D. E. Maxson, 
 D. D., Irlie Vice-President; A. W. Baldwin, Esq., the 
 Secretary; and C. H, Greenman, the Treasurer. Sub- 
 sequently, the following faculty were elected: 
 
OF MILTOK COLLEGE. 85 
 
 Bev. William V. Whitforcl, A. M., President, and Professor of the Natural. 
 Mental, and Moral Sciences. 
 
 Edward Searing, A. M., Professor of Latin and French Languages. 
 
 Albert Whitford, A. M., Professor of Greek Language and Mixed Mathe- 
 matics. 
 
 Nathan 0. Twining, A. B., Professor of Pure Mathematics and Commercial 
 Instrnction. 
 
 Miss A. Miranda Fenner, Preceptress, and Teacher of English Language and 
 Literature. 
 
 Miss Mary F. Baile}', Teacher of German Language. 
 
 Mrs. Emma J. Utter, Teacher of Instrumental and Vocal Music. 
 
 Forrest M. Babcock, Teacher of Penmanship. 
 
 Mrs. Kuth 11. Whitford, Teacher of Painting and Penciling. 
 
 It was resolved to unite both the Academic and the 
 Collegiate courses of study, an arrangement which the 
 institution has since pursued in common with most of 
 the colleges in the West. In the Academic department, 
 the following three courses were adopted: 
 
 STUDIES OF THE TEACHERS' COURSE. 
 
 FIRST YEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — Mental Arithmetic. Intermediate Geography. Reading and 
 Spelling. 
 
 Winter Term. —Wviiien Arithmetic — begun. Common School Geogra- 
 phy—begun. English Grammar — begun. Reading and Oral Sonnds. 
 Penmanship. 
 
 SjJrlng r<?r/«. —Written Arithmetic — continued. English Grammar — 
 continued. Common School Geography — completed. Reading and Pen- 
 manship. 
 
 SECOND YEAR. 
 
 Fall Tertn.— Written Arithmetic — completed. English Grammar— com- 
 pleted. United State.s History. Theory and Practice of Teaching. 
 
 Winter Tgrm.— University Algebra — begun. Anatomy and Physiology. 
 Analysis of English Words. Vocal Music. 
 
 SjJring Term. — University Algebra— continiied. English Composition — 
 begun. Physical Geography. Elocution. 
 
 THIRD Y'EAR. 
 
 i?'a// rcrwi. —University Algebra — completed. English Composition- 
 completed. Natural Philosophy. Graded Schools. 
 
 Winter Term.— Gaomatvy — sawGTi books. English Language. Natural 
 History. Edncational History. Penciling. 
 
 Spring T^?-/?!. —Geometry — completed, and Trigonometry. Mental Phi- 
 losophy — Intellect. Botany. Civil Government. 
 
86 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 STUDIES OF THE ENGLISH AND BUSINESS COURSE. 
 
 FIRST TEAR. 
 
 Fall rgrw. — Written Arithmetic — to Percentage. English Grammar — 
 continued. Common School Geography — begun. Mental Arithmetic — re- 
 Tiew. Reading and Spelling. 
 
 Winter Term. — Written Arithmetic — completed. English Grammar — 
 completed. Common School Geography — completed. Elocution and Pen- 
 manship. 
 
 Sijrinrj Term. — University Algebra — begun. Analysis of English Words. 
 Book-keeping— single entry. Practical Penmanship. Penciling. 
 
 SECOND YEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — University Algebra — continued. Book-keeping — double 
 entry. English Composition — begun. Commercial Arithmetic. 
 
 Winter Terw. — University Algebra — completed. Geometry — seven 
 books. English Composition — completed. Commercial Forms and Corres- 
 pondence. 
 
 Sj)riii{/ Term. — Geometry — completed, and Trigonometry. Commercial 
 Law. Civil Government. 
 
 STUDIES OF THE CLASSICAL COURSE. 
 
 PREPARATORY. 
 
 FIRST TEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — English Grammar — completed. Written Arithmetic — com- 
 pleted. Introduction to Latin. Elocution and Oral Sounds. 
 
 Winter Term. — Latin Reader. United States History. Common School 
 Geography — reviewed. Exercises in Composition and Declamation. 
 
 Siinng Term. — Ctesar's Commentaries — begun. First Greek Book — be- 
 gun. Roman History — begun. Ancient Geography. 
 
 SBCOND TEAR. 
 
 Fall ?Vr?rt. — Civsar's Commentaries — three books, completed. First 
 Greek Book — completed. Roman History — continued. Latin Prose Com- 
 position — begun. 
 
 Winter Te/'wi. — Cicero's Oration against Catiline. Anabasis — begun. 
 University Algebra— begun. Latin Prose Composition —continued. Ro- 
 man History — completed. 
 
 Spring Term.—WvgiVs JSueid — two books. Anabasis — three books, 
 completed. University Algebra — continued. Latin Prose Composition — 
 continued. Greek Prose Composition — begun. History of Greece — begun. 
 
 In the Collegiate department, the following two 
 courses were selected: 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 87 
 
 STUDIES OF THE CLASSICAL COURSE. 
 
 FRESHMAN TEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — Virgirs ^neid — sis 1)00118, completed. Homer's Iliad — 
 two books. University Algebra — completed. History of Greece — contin- 
 ued. Greek Prose Composition — continued. 
 
 Winter Term. — 'L\\j. Homer's Iliad— third, fourth, and sixth booka. 
 Geometry — five books. Latin Prose Composition — completed. History of 
 Greece — completed. 
 
 Spring T'fi?-?/*. — Horace — Odes. Memorabilia. Geometry — completed. 
 
 SOPHOMORE TEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — Horace — Satires and Epistles. Trigonometry — Plane and 
 Spherical. Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Winter 'Term. — Greek Tragedy. Analytical Geometry. Anatomy and 
 Physiology. 
 
 Spring T«/'»i. — Cicero de Offlciis. Thucydides — selections. Calculus. 
 Natural History. 
 
 JUNIOR TEAR. 
 
 Fall r^rw.— Demosthenes de Corona. Mechanical Philosophy. English 
 Composition. 
 
 Winter rc?7?i. — Germania and Agricola. Mathematical Astronomy. 
 Chemistry — Inorganic and Organic. 
 
 Spring Ter/n. — Mental Philosophy — Intellect. Mechanical Philosophy. 
 Botany. Exercises in Elocution. 
 
 SENIOR TEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — Logic. Mental Philosophy — Sensibility and Will. English 
 Literature — begun. History of the Middle Ages. 
 
 Winter Ter/n. — Rhetoric. Moral Philosophy. English Literature — com- 
 pleted. Mineralogy. History of Modern Times. 
 
 Spring Term. — Political Economy. Geology. History of Philosophy. 
 Evidences of Christianity. 
 
 STUDIES OF THE SCIENTIFIC COURSE. 
 
 ERESHMAN TEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — University Algebra— completed. French Grammar — be- 
 gun. English Language — begun. 
 
 Winter Term. — Geometry, live books. ; French Grammar — continued. 
 English Language — completed. 
 
 Spring re/'wi. —Geometry — completed. French Grammar — completed, 
 and Reader. Analysis of English Words. 
 
 SOPHOMORE TEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — Trigonometry— Plane and Spherical. French — Telemaque. 
 Natural Philosophy., 
 
S8 HISTOEICAL SKETCH 
 
 Winter TcfOT. — Analytical Geometry. French — Racine. German Gram- 
 mar— begun. Descriptive Astronomy. 
 
 Sjn-ingi Tenn.~Ci\]c\\]ns. German Grammar — continued. Natural His- 
 tory. Anatomy and Physiology. 
 
 JUNIOR TEAR. 
 
 Fall re^YW. — Mechanical Philosophy. German Grammar — completed, 
 and Reader. English Composition. 
 
 Win/er Ts/w. — Mathematical Astronomy. German — William Tell. 
 Chemistry— Inorganic and Organic. 
 
 Sj)niig Ter?7i. — 'Mental Philosophy— Intellect. Mechanical Philosophy. 
 Botany. Exercises in Elocution. 
 
 SEXIOR YEAR. 
 
 Fall Term. — Logic. Mental Philosophy — Sensibility and Will. English 
 Literature — begun. History of the Middle Ages. 
 
 Winter Ter?n. — Rhetoric. Moral Philosophy. English Literature — com- 
 pleted. Mineralogy. History of Modern Times. 
 
 Spring Ter7n. — Po\mcn.\ Economy. Geology. History of Philosophy. 
 Evidences of Christianity. 
 
 ADDITIONS TO THE FACULTY. 
 
 Major S. S. Rockwood, A. M., was added to the fac- 
 lilt}-, in 1868, as the professor of pure mathematics. He 
 held the position until 1871, when he entered the 
 Whitewater Normal School, where he now fills the same 
 professorship. In the same year, Miss Jane C. Bond, L. 
 A., was elected teacher in the English department; and 
 she has since occupied the place in a most acceptable 
 manner. Miss Ida Springstubbe, a graduate of a Ger- 
 man Normal School, was also chosen a teacher of the 
 German and French languages, and she remained in the 
 college nearl}^ two years. Prof. J. D. Bond, M. S., was 
 teacher in the commercial department for four years ; 
 and he is now the superintendent of the classes in pen- 
 manship in the public school of St. Paul, Minn, Prof. 
 J. M. Stillman has given excellent instruction in vocal 
 music and voice culture for two years ; and Miss R. 
 Mintie Howard, in instrumental music, for four yeai-s. 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 89 
 
 Prof. T. W. Saunders, A. B., was elected, in 1873, to 
 tlie professorship of the German and Greek languages, 
 and he is still working most efficiently in the college. 
 Prof. Lucius Heritage, A. B., was an assistant teacher of 
 the Latin classes for three years, and he now holds a 
 position in the Milwaukee Academy. Mrs. Chloe C. 
 Whitford, A. M., has taught in the department of 
 mathematics for over two years, a place which she for- 
 merl}^ occupied. For some time. Prof. W. C. King has 
 had charge of the commercial studies. 
 
 TUITION. 
 
 The tuition has, for several years, been rated per term, 
 as follows : 
 
 Tuition is $8.00 in Arithmetic, English Grammar, 
 Geography, Reading, Penmanship, United States His- 
 tory. 
 
 Tuition is |9.00 in University Algebra, Etymology, 
 English .Composition, Book-keeping, Physical Geogra- 
 phy, Theory and Practice of Teaching, Physiology, 
 Latin Grammar and Reader, and Caesar, Greek, German, 
 and French Grammars and Readers. 
 
 Tuition is $10.00 in Geometry, Trigonometry, De- 
 scriptive Astronomy, Civil Government, Natural Phi- 
 losophy, Botany, Natural History, English Language, 
 Ancient History, and the higher studies in Latin, Greek, 
 German, and French Languages. 
 
 Tuition is $11.00 in Analytical Geometry, Calculus, 
 Mechanical Philosophy, Mathematical Astronomy, Sur- 
 veying, Chemistry, Geology, English Literature, Rheto- 
 ric, Logic, Mental and Moral Philosophy, Political 
 Economy, History of Philosophy, and Evidences of 
 Christianity. 
 
90 
 
 HISTOBICAL SKETCH 
 
 No charge is made for incidental expenses. Tuition 
 is rated according to the highest grade in which any study 
 pursued by the student is found. Extra charges are 
 made for Instrumental Music, 112.00 per term; for the 
 use of the Piano, 13.00; for Voice Culture, $15.00; Pen- 
 ciling, 13.00 ; Oil Painting, $10.00 ; and Telegraphy 
 $15.00. 
 
 PKESENT BOARD OF TRUSTEES. 
 
 Rev. W. C. Whitpord, A. M., 
 Rev. James Bailey, 
 A. W. Baldwin, Esq., 
 Robert Williams, 
 
 Office expires in 1876. ] 
 Hon. Jeremiah Davis, ... 
 
 Prof. Albert Whitlord, A. M., - 
 Rev. N. Wardner, A. M., ... 
 Silas Bailey, M. D., ... 
 
 L. n. Bond, 
 
 David W. Cartwright, 
 W. G. Hamilton, .... 
 
 Rev. L. E. Livermore, A. M., - - 
 
 John W. Loofboro, .... 
 
 Office expires in 1877. 
 A. W. Baldwin, Esq., 
 R. J. Greenman, Esq., ... 
 W. L. T. Crandall, .... 
 Gran Vincent, .... 
 
 John Alexander,, .... 
 
 Willis P. Clarke, Esq., 
 Truman Saunders, .... 
 Rev. O. U. Whitford, A. M., 
 Rev. W. C. Whitford, A. M., 
 
 Office expires in 1878. 
 Ezra Crandall, .... 
 
 Rev. James Bailey, ... 
 
 C. H. Greenman, .... 
 
 J. C. Plumb, .... 
 
 Paul M. Green, .... 
 
 O. Allen, M. D., - 
 
 Robert Williams, .... 
 
 Ezekiel B. Rogers, ... 
 
 Lester T. Rogers, .... 
 
 President. 
 Vice President. 
 Secretary. 
 Treasurer. 
 
 Davis Junction, III. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Glasgow, Scotland. 
 
 Toledo, Ohio. 
 
 Milton Junction. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Walworth. 
 
 Wei ton, Iowa. 
 
 Janesville. 
 
 Milton Junction. 
 
 Milton Junction. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 West Hallock, 111. 
 
 Farina, 111. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton. 
 Milton Junction. 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 
 
 91 
 
 SUBSCRIBEKS TO THE CAPITAL STOCK. 
 
 The stock of the institution is, at present, divided in- 
 to about eleven hundred shares. The following list em- 
 braces the names and subscriptions of the stockholders: 
 
 Daniel Abbott, - - fF25 00 
 
 E. C. Abbott, - - 25 UO 
 
 John Alexander, - - 25 00 
 
 Loander Allen, - - 25 00 
 
 V. D. Ander.son, - - 25 00 
 
 Rev. Dan'l Babcock's estate, 1, 100 00 
 
 Abel Babcock, - - 50 00 
 
 Eev. James Bailey, - 375 («) 
 
 L. G. Baldwin, - - 225 00 
 
 A. W. Baldwin, - - 200 t)0 
 
 A. Barnhart, - - - 225 00 
 
 James Barnhart, - 150 00 
 
 Silas Barnhart, - - 25 00 
 
 Horatio Berry, - - 25 00 
 
 Miss Jane C. Bond, - 25 00 
 
 L. H. Bond, - - 350 00 
 
 A. D. Bond, - - - 225 00 
 
 B. M. Bond, M. D., - 500 00 
 Eev. R. C. Bond, - - 25 00 
 
 E. J. Bond, M. B., - 25 00 
 W. H. Borden, M.D., - 25 00 
 Fitch Brown, - - 50 00 
 Erastus Brown, - - 125 00 
 Alva A. Brown, - - 50 00 
 
 F. Buten, - - - 50 00 
 F. 0. Buten, - - lUO 00 
 S. D. Blitz, - - - 25 00 
 
 D. C. Biirdick, - - 25 00 
 Geo. S. Bnrdick, Jr., - 100 (Ml 
 S. G. Burdiek, - - 140 Ot) 
 
 E. L. Burdiek, - - 50 00 
 Ethan Bnrdick, - - 25 00 
 Rev. S. Carpenter, D. D., - 400 00 
 Hon. S. C. Carr, - - 25 00 
 J. G. Carr, - - - 100 00 
 
 D. W. Cartwright, - 125 00 
 Chas. Chapman, - - 25 00 
 Alvit Clarke, - - luo (.0 
 S. J. Clarke, - - - 50 00 
 Albertus Clarke - - 25 00 
 W.iW. Clarke, ' - - 25 00 
 Wm. Cole, - - - 200 00 
 Amos Colegrove, - - 40 00 
 Mrs. T. A. Collins, - 100 00 
 Rev. S. Coon, - - 50 00 
 Ezra Crandall, - - 425 00 
 H. B. Crandall, - - 25 00 
 J. M. Crandall, - - 25 00 
 W. L. V. Crandall, - - 125 00 
 M. W. Crumb, - - 125 00 
 J. C. Culver, - - - 4i) 44 
 Hon. Jeremiah Davis, - 1,400 00 
 Kewton Davis, - - 25 00 
 Henry Ernst, - - 100 00 ' 
 R. P. Fraser, - - - 25 00 | 
 
 E. P. Frink, - - 1(X) 00 
 Hon. Joseph Goodrich, - 1,700 00 I 
 
 lion. Jos. Goodrich's estate, $3,043 64 
 
 Mrs. Nancv Goodrich, - 107 77 
 
 Mrs. N. Goodrich's estate, 600 00 
 Mrs. Susan 11. Goodrich, - 250 00 
 
 Ezra Goodrich, - - 225 00 
 
 W. A. Goodrich, - - 75 00 
 
 Mrs. Folly Goodrich, - 1,500 00 
 
 C. II. Greenman, - - 954 24 
 
 Clark Greenman, - 500 00 
 
 Geo. Greenman & Co., - 1,000 00 
 
 Mrs. C. Z. Greenman, - 1,475 00 
 Mrs. Mary B. Greenman, - 700 00 
 
 John M. Greenman, - 150 00 
 
 R, J. Greenman, - - 52 85 
 
 Henry G. Greenman, - 150 00 
 
 Paul M. Green, - - 100 00 
 
 II. W. Green, - - 125 00 
 
 W. G. Hamilton, - - 275 00 
 
 H. G. Hamilton, - - 225 (K) 
 
 E. T. Hamilton, - • 25 00 
 
 S. C. Hamilton, - - 50 00 
 
 Horace M. Haven, - - 575 00 
 
 W. M. Hemphill, - 125 OO 
 
 Joel Jones, - - - 50 00 
 
 Ethan Lamphcar, - 25 00 
 
 E. Lvons, - - - 100 00 
 
 Mrs.'L. R. S. Lyons. - 350 00 
 
 Iduna Lvceum, - - 76 00 
 
 Rev. D. E. Maxson, D. D., 200 00 
 
 Miss Mary A. Maxson, - 25 00 
 
 L. G. Maxson, M. D., - 25 00 
 
 Svlvanus Maxson, - - 50 00 
 
 Peter iMcEwan, - - 25 00 
 
 VV. T. :M()r-an. - - 25 00 
 
 Daniel Newcomb, - 25 00 
 
 Mrs. Fanny ^Newcomb, 25 00 
 
 Clark Needhain, - - 25 00 
 
 Avery Palmer, - - 25 00 
 
 Wm. Paul, - - - 25 00 
 
 Geo. Potter, - - - 50 00 
 
 Mrs. Chas. Potter, Jr., - 50 00 
 
 Ralph Richardson, - - 25 00 
 
 E. B. Rogers. - - 460 00 
 Prof. W. M. Rogers, - 25 00 
 S. C. Roe, - - - 25 00 
 Joseph Spaulding, - - 60 00 
 Wm. Spaulding, - - 75 00 
 Rev. A. C. Spicer, - - 93 80 
 A. C. Stannard, - - 100 00 
 
 F. H. Stillman, - - 2.50 00 
 Prof. J. M. Stillman, - 25 00 
 Mrs. Susimna Stillman, - 100 00 
 (lardiuer Saunders, - 25 00 
 Truinau Saunders, - - IW 00 
 Perrv Sweet. - - 135 00 
 Edwin Swinnev, - - 50 00 
 J ehlel Taylor, - - 25 00 
 
92 
 
 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 SUBSCKIBERS TJ THE CAriTAL, STOCK — Continued. 
 
 I. D. Titsworth, 
 Kev. Geo. B. Utter, 
 J. J. Vankirk, 
 Oran V^inceut, 
 C. Yiucent, 
 Eev. N. Warduer, 
 
 .$100 00 I 
 25 00 
 25 00 ; 
 
 325 00 I 
 25 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 Wm. B. Wells, 
 
 C. V. Wells, 
 
 Prof. Albert Whitford, 
 
 Kev. W. C. Whitford, 
 
 Mrs. R. H. Whitford, 
 
 Robert Williams, 
 
 ?25 00 
 25 00 
 
 6.50 00 
 
 2,436 12 
 
 25 00 
 
 650 00 
 
 STATISTICS OF ATTENDANCE AND GRADUATION 
 
 Since 18.58. 
 
 The Academy. 
 
 
 Under- 
 graduates. 
 
 Grad- 
 uates. 
 
 
 Year. 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 a 
 -a 
 
 IS 
 
 Total. 
 
 oDciDcoccxiooooaoao 
 
 153 
 
 140 
 197 
 175 
 131 
 149 
 117 
 228 
 193 
 
 88 
 112 
 176 
 179 
 175 
 200 
 172 
 186 
 145 
 
 4 
 6 
 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 10 
 
 1 
 2 
 4 
 5 
 2 
 2 
 1 
 5 
 
 246 
 2(iO 
 384 
 359 
 310 
 354 
 292 
 421 
 355 
 
 The Collet/e. 
 
 
 Academic 
 Courses. 
 
 
 Collegiate Coursi 
 
 8-, 
 
 
 Su 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 mmart. 
 
 
 Under- 
 
 Grad- 
 
 Fresh- Sopho- 
 
 Jun- 
 
 Sen- 
 
 
 
 
 graduates 
 
 uates. 
 
 man. more. 
 
 ior. 
 
 ior. 
 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 
 _: 
 
 
 _: 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 „• 
 
 
 jj 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 <u 
 
 
 
 
 z:> 
 
 
 Ci 
 
 
 
 
 ti 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 
 e 
 
 
 S 
 
 
 e 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 vJ 
 
 
 
 G3 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 Oi 
 
 ^ 
 
 « 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 "3 
 
 H 
 
 a 
 
 -a 
 
 a 
 
 •o 
 
 a 
 
 73 
 
 a 
 
 r^ 
 
 B 
 
 
 R 
 
 -c 
 
 c 
 
 -c 
 
 ^j 
 
 IH 
 
 
 cS 
 
 
 c3 
 
 a 
 
 
 <o 
 
 •a 
 
 
 
 a> 
 
 
 o 
 
 SS 
 
 
 O 
 
 hq 
 
 O 
 
 i-i 
 
 O 
 
 i-I 
 
 O 
 
 i-J 
 
 O 
 
 (-3 
 
 O 
 
 I-; 
 
 O 
 
 iJ 
 
 H 
 
 1868 
 
 139 
 
 104 
 
 
 1 
 
 36 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 195 
 
 140 
 
 33.5 
 
 1869 
 
 136 
 
 105 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 49 
 
 29 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 199 
 
 148 
 
 347 
 
 1870 
 
 100 
 
 87 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 30 
 
 25 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 149 
 
 124 
 
 273 
 
 1871 
 
 83 
 
 72 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 23 
 
 9 
 
 18 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 136 
 
 94 
 
 •SU) 
 
 1872 
 
 75 
 
 77 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 2.1 
 
 23 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 121 
 
 117 
 
 ZiH 
 
 1873 
 
 75 
 
 47 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 25 
 
 14 
 
 16 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 124 
 
 79 
 
 203 
 
 1874 
 
 99 
 
 46 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 22 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 a 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 151 
 
 79 
 
 230 
 
 1875 
 
 98 
 
 78 
 
 2 
 
 — 
 
 27 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 — 
 
 151 
 
 104 
 
 255 
 
OF MILTON" COLLEGE. 
 
 93 
 
 GRADUATES IN THE COLLEGIATE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 Nathan C. Twining, A. M., 
 Miss Isabelle L. Hall, A. M., 
 
 Albert Salisbur}', A, M., 
 Jesse B. Thayer, M. S., 
 
 1S07. 
 
 1870. 
 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher. 
 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher. 
 
 M. Delano Fuller, M. S., 
 George F. Holcomb, B. S., - 
 Edwin Swinney, M. S., 
 Albert D. Whitmore, B. S., 
 Miss Inez C. Cliilds, M. S., 
 Miss E. Albertine Utter, M. S., 
 
 Jonathan D. Bond, M. S., 
 L. Dow Harvey, M. S., 
 Matthew White, A. B., - 
 
 187'i. 
 
 1873. 
 
 E. Stillman Bailey. A. B., - 
 Albert R. Crandall, A. B., 
 Miss Jane C. Bond, L. A., 
 Miss Florence H. ^yilliam8, L. S., 
 
 1871. 
 
 William II. Ernst, A. B. 
 Watson C. Holbrook, B. S., 
 Dwight Kinney, A. B., 
 Arthur A. Miller, A. B., 
 W. Burton Morgan, A. B., - 
 Frederick D. Rogers, A. B., 
 Robert D. Whitford, A. B., 
 Mrs. Amelia C. Steele, L. S., 
 
 Lawyer. 
 
 Deceased. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Farmer. ' 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher. 
 Clergyman. 
 
 Student. 
 State Geologist. 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher. 
 
 Student. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Student. 
 
 Druggist. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Teacher. 
 
 Clark T. Havens, A. B., 
 Lucius Heritage, A. B., 
 D. Osmer Hibbard, B. S., 
 Isaac L. Mayhieu, A. B., 
 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher. 
 Student. 
 
94o HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 HONORARY DEGREES. 
 DOCTOR OF DIVINITT. 
 
 Eev. D. E. Maxson. — Rev. T. R. Williams. 
 
 MASTER OF ARTS. 
 
 Hon. .John A. Smith. Prof. Chase. Mrs. Chloe C. Whitford. 
 
 LIBRARIES AND SOCIETIES. 
 
 A donation of $1,000, from Rev. Daniel Babcock, 
 enabled the college, in 1871, to establish the " Babcock 
 Library," which has now twelve hundred volumes. 
 Three other libraries, each having about three hundred 
 volumes, belong to the Literary Societies. The oldest 
 of these societies was organized by the ladies in 1851, 
 and is now called the Iduna Lyceum. The gentlemen 
 sustain two large societies, the Orophilian and Philo- 
 mathean, which have been in operation for about 
 eighteen years. The Christian Association has per- 
 formed efficient work for the past six years, and under 
 its management the religious meetings of the college 
 are sustained. 
 
 APPARATUS AND CABINETS. 
 
 The usual apparatus for experiuients in chemistry 
 and physics are owned by the college. An excellent 
 telescope, with a four inch object glass, is in frequent 
 use. The mineralogical and geological cabinets number 
 several hundred specimens. About three thousand 
 species of plants are embraced in the botanical cabinet. 
 This is particularly full in representing the flora of 
 this region of the country. The institution has a fine 
 collection of implements, which belong to the stone 
 
OF MILTON COLLEGE. 95 
 
 and copper ages, and were found in the vicinity of 
 Milton. 
 
 PRESENT FINANCIAL CONDITION. 
 
 Estimated cash value of the lands owned by the college $3, 900 00 
 
 Estimated cash value of three buildings , 30, 550 00 
 
 Amount of endowment fuud and notes 6,000 00 
 
 Cabinets, apparatus, furniture, paintings, and library 5, 400 00 
 
 Sundry articles, estimated value 275 00 
 
 Amount f 46, 125 GO 
 
HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 LAWRENCE UNIYERSITY. 
 
 This institution had its inception in the offer (about 
 1846) of Hon. Amos A. Lawrence, of Boston, Mass., to 
 give ten thousand doUars towards the foundation of a 
 school, to be located in the Lower Fox Valle}'-, provided 
 the Methodists of Wisconsin would raise an additional 
 ten thousand for the same purpose. The offer was 
 accepted. A charter was secured from the territorial 
 legislature, under the title of The Lawrence Institute 
 of Wisconsin. The bill granting this charter was 
 signed by Gov. Dodge, Jan. 17, 1847. The organiza- 
 tion of the Board of Trustees was effected tlie same 
 year, by the election of the following officers: Presi- 
 dent, Hon. M. C. Darling; 1st Vice President, Hon. N. 
 P. Tallmadge; 2d Vice President, Henry S. Baird, Esq.; 
 Treasurer, Hon. Morgan L. Martin; Secretary, Rev. W. 
 H. Sampson. 
 
 After considerable canvasshig, the location of the 
 new institution was fixed at the Grand Chute, now the 
 city of Appleton. The place where the city stands was 
 then a wilderness; and the original building for the in- 
 stitute was one of the very first undertaken in the 
 region. In 1849, Nov. 12th, the school opened with 
 7 
 
98 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 Rev. W. H. Sampson, as Principal; R. 0. Kellogg, A. 
 B., Professor of Languages; James M. Phinney, Pro- 
 fessor of Mathematics; and Miss Emeline M. Crooker, 
 Preceptress. The number of students, the first year, 
 was about sixty. The accommodations were meager, 
 the surroundings in many respects disagreeable, and the 
 means very scanty. But the school had an excellent 
 reputation from the start, and increased in popularity. 
 The sacrifices of those who had the immediate manage- 
 ment were very great, and at times the prospects quite 
 discouraging. 
 
 In the latter part of 1852, the Rev. Edward Cooke, 
 D. D., of Boston, Mass., was elected president. The 
 charter had been altered in the meantime, so as to con- 
 fer collegiate powers upon the institution, and it had 
 taken the corporate title of " The Lawrence University 
 of Wisconsin." Dr. Cooke was installed in office at the 
 annual Commencement, the last of June, 1853. At the 
 same time the corner stone of the main building of the 
 college was laid by Hon. M. C. Darling, President of 
 the Board of Trustees. This structure was completed 
 about three years afterwards, but not before the frame 
 building previously occupied had been destroyed b}' fire. 
 The present college building is one hundred and twenty 
 feet long by sixty wide. It is built of stone, and is 
 three stories and a half above the basement. It con- 
 tains a commodious chapel, capable of seating eight 
 hundred or a thousand people, six recitation rooms, a 
 large library room, two fine society halls, large cabinet 
 and reading rooms, apparatus rooms, and dormitories 
 for about fifty students. 
 
 The first college class was graduated in 1857, and 
 
OF LAWRENCE UNIVERSITY. 99 
 
 consisted of seven members, four gentlemen and three 
 ladies. The whole number of graduates up to 1876, 
 including the graduating class of this 3'ear, is 186, of 
 whom 121 are gentlemen and 65 are ladies. From the 
 heginning, ladies as well as gentlemen have enjoyed the 
 privileges of the institution in all its departments ; and 
 for the last ten years there has been no discrimination 
 in any respect between the sexes as to advantages and 
 opportunities. 
 
 Like many other institutions east and M^est, this one 
 has had experience of great hardships and much pov- 
 erty. There were many mistakes, as was almost inevi- 
 table in the early management of its affairs; and some 
 of these proved nearly fatal. It had for a long time an 
 exceedingl}'' small endowment fund, although a large 
 number of scholarships had been sold at a small price, 
 thus cutting off the tuition fees and giving slender re- 
 sources for income. The present property of the insti- 
 tution amounts to nearly two hundred thousand dol- 
 lars, though liable from the peculiar nature of a part of 
 it to considerable shrinkage. Of this about sixty thou- 
 sand dollars constitute a perpetual endowment fund, 
 in addition to which a recent but not yet effectual con- 
 version of unproductive property, should give some 
 thirty or forty thousand more; making the whole en- 
 dowment approximate to one hundred thousand dollars. 
 A portion of the funds is set apart for a library fund, 
 being the gift of ten thousand dollars for this purpose 
 by Hon. Samuel Appleton, of Boston, only the interest 
 of which is to be used for .the benefit of the library, 
 which from him is called the Appleton Library. This 
 library now numbers over seven thousand volumes, and 
 
100 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 is one of the largest as well as one of the very best 
 working college libraries in the west. 
 
 The institution has a valuable cabinet and museum 
 and a good collection of apparatus. 
 
 In the Collegiate Department there are three parallel 
 courses of study, each of four years duration — the Clas- 
 sical, Scientific and Civil Engineering. There are also 
 a Preparatory and an Academical Department, a Com- 
 mercial School, a Conservatory of Music and a School 
 of Drawing and Painting, The number of different 
 students in all the departments during the year 1875, as 
 by the catalogue of that year, was 333 — 185 gentle- 
 men and 148 ladies — of whom 102 — 58 gentlemen and 
 41 ladies — were in the college classes. The faculty con- 
 sists of 14 professors and instructors. 
 
 The presidency of Dr. Cooke terminated in 1861. He 
 was succeeded by Russell Z. Mason, LL. D., who re- 
 signed in 1865, and was succeeded by Rev. Geo. M. 
 Steele, D. D., the present head of the institution. 
 
 FACULTY. 
 
 Eev. George M. Steele, D. D., Presicleut, and Clafliu Professor of Ethics and 
 
 Civil Polity. 
 Hiram A. Jones, A. M., Professor of Ancient Languages and Literature. 
 Wilbur P. Yocum, A. M., Alumni Professor of Natural History and Geology, 
 
 and Principal of the Institute. 
 Eev. Wesley C. Sawyer, A. M ., Ph. D., Professor of Philosophy and Rhetoric. 
 James C. Foye, A. M., Professor of Chemistry and Physics. 
 James H. Worman, A. M., Nou-Resident Professor of Modern Uistory and 
 
 Languages. 
 Louise M. Hodgkins, Preceptress, and Instructor in French and History. 
 DeForest M. Hyde, C. E., Professor of Mathematics and Civil Engineering. 
 Selina A. Clark, Instructor in Drawing and Painting. 
 Oliver P. Deland, Director of the^Commercial School. 
 T. Martin Towne, Director;;of the Conservatory of Music. 
 Mary R. B. Graves, M. S., Director of the Juvenile Department. ' 
 
OF LAWREKCE UNIVERSITY. 101 
 
 Eva H. Farlin, Isabella E. Smith, Assistants iu the Academical Department. 
 Wilbur F. Yocum, A. M., Librarian. 
 
 The College Faculty arranged by priority of graduation; the others in the 
 order of appointment. 
 
 REQUISITES FOR ADMISSION". 
 
 I. Candidates for admission to the Freshman Class, 
 Classical Course, are, for the present, examined in the 
 following studies : 
 
 1. English Grammar and Analysis, Elementary Rhe- 
 toric, Geography, Descriptive and Physical, History of 
 the United States, and Elementary Physiology. 
 
 2. Arithmetic and Algebra complete. 
 
 3. Harkness' First Book in Latin, Harkness' Latin 
 Grammar, including Prosody; Harkness' Latin Reader; 
 Caesar's Commentaries; six Books in Virgil; Sallust's 
 Catiline, and Cicero's Orations against Catiline. 
 
 4. Hadley's Greek Grammar and Greek Reader, or four 
 Books in the Anabasis. 
 
 n. Candidates for admission to the Freshman Class, 
 Scientific Course, are examined in Latin Grammar and 
 Reader, Csesar's Commentaries, and at least one book 
 in Virgil. They will also be examined in Natural Phil- 
 osophy and in all of the above English studies, except 
 Elementary Rhetoric. 
 
 Candidates for advanced standing are examined in the 
 Preparatory studies, and in all those which have been 
 pursued by the Class which they wish to enter, or such 
 as may be deemed equivalent. But candidates for ad- 
 mission to any of the College Classes may present certi- 
 ficates of the work they have done in other institutions, 
 and a rank will be assigned them according to the 
 studies they have pursued and the character of their cer- 
 
102 HISTORICAL SKETCH. 
 
 tificates. A thorough Grammatical and Elementary 
 preparation is especially required. 
 
 The regular examination for admission to the College 
 will be on Tuesday, at 8 o'clock A. M., one day preced- 
 ing the Commencement of the Fall Term, and on the 
 first day of subsequent Terms. 
 
 Testimonials of good moral character are required, 
 and in case the student is from another college, a note 
 of regular dismission. 
 
 COURSES OF STUDY. 
 
 CLASSICAL. 
 FKESHJIAN CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Ovid — Andrews. LaUn Prose Composition — Harkness. 
 Herodotus — Johnson. Geometry begun — Olney. 
 
 Second Term. — Livy — Chase. Latin Prose Composition — Harkness. 
 Geometry finished —pluey. Homers Iliad — Owen. Greek Prosody — 
 Hadley. 
 
 Third Term. — Livy — Chase. Latin Prose Composition —Harkness. 
 Homer's Iliad — Owen. Plane and Spherical Trigonometry — Olney. Week- 
 ly exercises in Composition and Declamation. 
 
 SOPUOMORE CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Ancient History — Thalheimcr. Analytical Geometry — fi\- 
 ney. French begun — Worman ; or Cicero de Officiis — Thatcher. 
 
 Second Term. — Xenophon's Memorabilia — Robinson. Greek Prose Com- 
 position — Boise. French, Echo de Paris, or Cicero de Oratore — Worman. 
 Ancient History — Thalheimer. 
 
 Third Term. — Greek Tragedies — Woolsey. Greek Prose Composition — 
 Boise. Modern History and Literature — Thalheimer and Schlegel. Horace 
 — Lincoln or Chase. Latin Prosody — Harkness. 
 
 JUNIOR CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Physics — Mechanics and Acousties — Atkinson's Ganot 
 German begun — Worman ; or Tacitus and Hercules Furens —Tyler. Plato's 
 Crito or Apologia — White. 
 
 Second Term. — Physics — Heat and Light — Atkinson's Ganot. Intellec- 
 tual Philosophy— Wayland. German Grammar and Reader— Worman; or 
 .fischines de Corono — Champlin. 
 
 Third Term. — Logic — Atwater. Physics — Magnetism and Electricity — 
 Atkinson's Ganot. German Literature — Worman; or Plato's Gorgias — 
 Lewis. 
 
 Declamations and Compositions weekly throughout the year. 
 
OF LAWRENCE UNIVERSITY. 103 
 
 SENIOR YEAR. 
 
 First Term. — Chemistry begun — Lectures. Astrouomy — Lectures. Po- 
 litical Economy— Lectures. 
 
 Second Term. — Chemistry finished — Lectures. Mineralogy — Dana. Evi- 
 dences of Christianity — Hopkins. Elements of Criticism — Karnes. 
 
 Third Term. — '}lio\-3\ Science— Wayland. Geology — Dana. Demosthe- 
 nes de Corona — Champlin. 
 
 Orations before the students each term throughout the year. 
 
 Books of Reference in the Department of Ctesszcs. — Zumpt's Latin 
 Grammar, Kuhner's large Greek Grammar, Andrews'' Latin Lexicon, Liddell 
 and Scotfs Greek Lexicon, Anthon'sor Smith's Classical Dictionary, Manual 
 of Classical Literature, Crusius' Homeric Lexicon, Sophocles'' Greek Verbs, 
 Munk's Greek and Roman Meters, Long's or Findlay's Classical Atlas, An- 
 thon's Manuals of Grecian and Roman Antiquities, Dwighfs Grecian and 
 Roman Mythology, Ramshorn's or Doderlein's Latin Synonyms, Histories of 
 Greece and Rome. 
 
 SCIENTIFIC. 
 
 FRESHMAN CLASS. 
 
 First re?/-?/!.— Virgil — Chase or Frieze. Geometry begun — Olney. Ele- 
 mentary Rhetoric — Hart. 
 
 Secorid Te/w. — Sallust- Hanson. Geometry finished — Olney. Consti, 
 tution of the United States and of Wisconsin —Townsend and Fallows. 
 
 Third Term. — Plane and Spherical Trigonometry — Olney. Natural His- 
 tory — Lectures. Cicero's Orations — Hanson. 
 
 Weekly e.xercises the same as in the Classical Course. 
 
 SOniOJIORE CLASS. 
 
 First r<!/'wi. — Analytical Geometry — Olney. French begun — Otto. An- 
 cient History — Thalheimer. 
 
 Second Tenw. —French, Echo de Paris —M'ormau. Calculus —Olney. 
 Ancient History — Thalheimer. 
 
 Third Term. — Modern History and Literature — Thalheimer and Schlegel, 
 French Reader — Kuapp. Botany — Wood. 
 
 Weekly exercises the same as in the Classical Course. 
 
 JUNIOR CLASS. 
 
 First r«rt?i.— Natural Theology and Comparative Zoology — Chadbourne 
 and Agassiz. Physics: Mechanics and Acoustics — Atkinson's Ganot. Ger- 
 man begun — Worman. 
 
 Second Term. — V\iy^ics: Heat and Light— Atkinson's Ganot. Intellectual 
 Philosophy — Wayland. German Grammar and Reader — Worman. 
 
 Third Term.— Logic — Atwater. Physics: Magnetism and Electricity- 
 Atkinson's Ganot. German Literature —Worman. 
 
 Weeklv exercises the same as in the Classical Course. 
 
104 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 SENIOR CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Chemistry begun — Lectures. Astronomy — Lectures. .Po- 
 litical Economy — Lectures. 
 
 Second Term. — Chemistry finished — Lectures. Mineralogy — Dana. Evi- 
 dences of Christianity — Hopkins. Elements of Criticism — Karnes. 
 
 Third Term. — 'itloraX Science —Waylaud. Geology — Dana. 
 
 Music or Painting may be substituted for some of the higher mathematics 
 and other scientific branches after the first term Sophomore. 
 
 CIVIL EXGINEEIIING. 
 
 FRESHMAN CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Geometry begun — Olney. Elementary Rhetoric — Hart. 
 Industrial Drawing. 
 
 Second Te/'m. — Geometry finished — Olney. Constitution of the LTnited 
 States and of Wisconsin — Townsend and Fallows. Industrial Drawing. 
 
 Third Term. — Plane and Spherical Trigonometry — Olney. Natural His- 
 tory — Lectures. Isometrical Drawing and Class-piece. 
 
 "Weekly exercises the same as in the Classical Course. 
 
 SOPHOMORE CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Analytical Geometry — Olney. Descriptive Geometry and 
 Drawing. Ancient History — Thalheimer. 
 
 Second Term. — Calculus — Olney. Ancient History — Thalheimer. 
 Shades, Shadows and Perspective Drawing. 
 
 y/ierrf r^j'm.- Calculus — Olney. Botany— Wood. Modern History and 
 Literature — Thalheimer and Schlegel. Drawing. 
 
 Weekly exercises as in Classical Course. 
 
 JUNIOR CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Physics : Mechanics and Acoustics — Atkinson's Ganot. 
 German or French begun — Wormau or Otto. Natural Theology and Com- 
 parative Zoology — Chadbourne and Agassiz. 
 
 Second Term. — Vhy^ics: Heat and Light — Atkinson's Ganot. German 
 or French, continued — Worman or Otto. Strength of Material. 
 
 Third Term. — Land Surveying— Gillespie. Physics: Magnetism and 
 Electricity — Atkinson's Ganot. German or French, finished — Worman or 
 Knapp. 
 
 Weekly exercises as in Classical Course. 
 
 SENIOR CLASS. 
 
 First Term. — Chemistry began — Lectures. Astronomy — Lectures. 
 United States Coast Survey — Statistics. Political Economy (optional) — 
 Lectures. 
 
 Second yg?';?!.- Chemistry flnifshed — Lectures. Mineralogy— Dana. Evi- 
 dences of Christianity — Hopkins. Bridge Building. 
 
 Third Term.—MoyaX Science- Wuyland. Geology — Dana. Visitation 
 of Public Works. 
 
 Orations before the students each term throughout the year. 
 
OF LAWREN^CE UKIYERSITY. 105 
 
 LECTURES. 
 
 By the President, oii Political Economy, during tlie 
 Winter Term. 
 
 By Professor Foye, on Chemistry, during the Fall and 
 Winter Terms; on Physics, through the year. 
 
 By Professor Yocum, on Natural History, during the 
 Spring Term. 
 
 By the President, from time to time, before all the 
 students, on Manners, Morals and Methods of Study. 
 
HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 BIPON COLLEGE 
 
 [Note. — The|inaterials for this sketch have beeu derived from a variety of 
 sources, chiefly from a paper presented before the " Society for the Promo- 
 tion of Collegiate and Theological Education at the West" by Pres. W. E. 
 Merhiman, in 1868.] 
 
 As early in the history of what is now the city of 
 Ripon as 1851, when there was little to be seen upon 
 the high ground surrounding the valley in which 
 clustered the houses of the little village of Ceresco, 
 except the rolling prairie in all its native breadth and 
 beauty, dotted here and there with groves of oaks and 
 poplars, when as 3'et streets and houses were few, and 
 the inhabitants not more than a few score, the far-see- 
 ing citizens began a movement to establish here an in- 
 stitution of learning of a liigh order. The national 
 census of the year before had set down the total popu- 
 lation of the new and rising state, then only three years 
 old, as 305,391, and it was rather to provide facilities for 
 the higher culture of the thousands that were, it was 
 seen, soon to people the fertile lands, than to meet the 
 limited wants of the existing population that the en- 
 terprise was begun. There were then onlj' two colleges 
 in the state, and they had an attendance of only sev- 
 
108 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 entj'-five students. The people who had selected this 
 beautiful spot for their homes, wordly-wise, and, let us 
 hope, actuated by noble motives, resolved to make the 
 town distinguished as a seat of learning and a center 
 of culture for all time to come; and an early organiza- 
 tion for the purpose was effected. 
 
 The act of incorporation of Brockway College, as it 
 was agreed to call the new institution, was approved 
 January 29, 1851.* The original corporators were David 
 P. Mapes, Ezra L. Northrup, Alvan E. Bovay, Warren 
 Chase, John S. Horner, Jehdeiah Bowen, Almon Os- 
 born, Asa Kinney, Edwin Lockwood, Dana F. Shepard, 
 Alexander B. Beardsley, William S. Brockway, Edward 
 L. Runals, William Starr, and the president of the col- 
 lege ex officio. The design and purpose of the said cor- 
 porators was declared to be "to found, establish and 
 maintain at Ripon, in the county of Fond du Lac, an 
 institution of learning of the highest order, embracing 
 also a department for preparatory instruction." The 
 buildings of the institution were to be located on " out- 
 lot No. 4, in the village of Ripon," and the annual in- 
 come from all property belonging to the college was 
 not to exceed $10,000. 
 
 Contributions of materials, of money, and of land 
 were made, and, during the summer of 1851, the stone 
 walls of the first college building — now East College — 
 were erected. The funds on hand Ijeing already ex- 
 hausted, a new effort had to be made; and, later in the 
 season, the roof was put on. At this stage of advance- 
 ment the enterprise seems for a time to have halted. 
 
 The site of the new institution embraced at this 
 
 * Acts and resolves of the Wisconsin Legislature, 185L 
 
OF KIPON" COLLEGE. 109 
 
 time but a single acre of gronncl, fronting east upon 
 Ransom street, and lying principally just south of the 
 present site of the Congregational church. 
 
 The next summer, the trustees sent a proposition, by 
 the first minister of the Congregational church of 
 Ripon, Rev. F. G. Sherrill, to the " Winnebago District 
 Convention of Presbyterian Ministers and Churches," 
 to adopt the institution. They offered to transfer to 
 the convention all the propert}' of the college for the 
 nominal sum of $400, on condition that the building 
 should be finished, so far as necessarj* for the purpose, 
 and a school opened in it early in the summer of 1853. 
 
 The churches of this region being then very weak, 
 the convention did not deem it practicable to raise 
 the nionej' required, but requested Rev. J. W. Walcott, 
 
 formerly the principal of an academy at , New 
 
 York, but then the minister of a church at Menasha, 
 and a member of the convention, to buy the property 
 for the convention, pledging itself to take it as soon 
 as it should be able to pay him for it. In accord- 
 ance with the request of the convention and at the 
 solicitation of the trustees, conveyed to him by Mr. J. 
 Bowen, Mr. Walcott obtained the property by deed 
 from the trustees. He enlarged the grounds of the col- 
 lege by the purchase of some adjacent land, chiefly from 
 A. E. Bovay and J. Bowen, until, at one time, the col- 
 lege grounds embraced nearly the whole square upon 
 which the buildings are situated, together with some 
 adjacent land. From Mr. Bovaj", he obtained between 
 two and three aci'es, constituting the southeast portion 
 of the present campus; and from Mr. Bowen he ob- 
 tained about seven acres, constituting the southwest 
 
110 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 portion, and extending westward to the cemetery line. 
 From other owners he obtained that portion of the 
 grounds upon which stand Middle College and West 
 College, and the row of lots not now belonging to the 
 college, which bound the present college territory on 
 the north, and front upon State street. 
 
 Some of the upper rooms of the building were fin- 
 ished, together with the halls, and, according to agree- 
 ment, a school was opened in them in 1853, and was 
 continued from that time with a good degree of success. 
 
 In February, 1855, in accordance with a resolution of 
 the convention, a new charter was obtained, naming as 
 the new Board of Trustees the following gentlemen, 
 designated by the convention: Ezra L. Northrup, Jeh- 
 deiah Bo wen, Jeremiah W. Walcott, Silas Hawley, 
 Dana Lamb, Bertine Pinckney, Charles H. Camp, Harvey 
 Grant, Sherlock Bristol, and the president of the college 
 ex-officio. The new charter (Private and Local Laws of 
 Wis., 1855), increased the limit of income of the college 
 to '^20,000, and conferred some other enlarged powers, 
 particularly with regard to establishing a normal course 
 of study and other courses, and with regard to holding 
 lands adjacent to " out-lot No. 4." 
 
 The board was organized under the new charter in 
 March, 1855. 
 
 In 1857 (February 21), the college grounds and the 
 building were conveyed to the board by warranty deed 
 by Mr. Walcott. During this same year a second build- 
 ing, now Middle College, was erected, the first building 
 having been in the meantime completed throughout 
 and found to be inadequate to the growing demands of 
 the school. The erection of Middle College exhausted 
 
OF RIPON" COLLEGE. Ill 
 
 the limited means of the board and left it deeply in debt; 
 and the financial disasters of the country in that year 
 affected its resources very severely. For about five 
 years the institution struggled with great financial diffi- 
 culties, in consequence of which, at the opening of the 
 rebellion, the school was for one year suspended. 
 
 In 1862, a subscription to pay the debts of the college 
 was so far successful that the trustees reopened the 
 school, and in September of that year Prof. E. H. Mer- 
 rell, now Professor of Greek, assumed the charge of it. 
 This gentleman was, in 1862, but recently graduated 
 from Oberlin College, and from 01)erlin Theological 
 Seminary, and has now been longer connected with the 
 college than any other of the corps of instructors. 
 
 The school grew so rapidly, and its prospects seemed 
 so favorable, that in April, 1863, the trustees began the 
 organization of a permanent faculty. Rev. Wm. E. 
 Merriman, of Green Bay, a graduate of Williams Col- 
 lege, was elected President, and E. H. Merrell was elect- 
 ed Professor of Languages. At the annual meeting of 
 the board in July, 1863, the president entered upon his 
 duties, and the policy of the college was defined. At 
 the opening of the term in September, 1863, the first 
 college class was formed. During that first college year 
 the debts of the college were all i>aid, the library was 
 begun, and amendments to the charter were obtained, 
 changing the name of the institution to Ripon College, 
 and granting some additional privileges. (Laws of Wis., 
 1861.) 
 
 The year 1863 marks the permanent organization of 
 the college. Since that time it has made constant pro- 
 gress in the number of its teachers and students, in fa- 
 
112 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 cilities for instruction, and in reputation and influence 
 in the state. The first class was graduated in 1867, and 
 consisted of four members: Luthera H. Adams, Harriet 
 H. Brown, Mary F. Spencer, and Susan A. W. Salis- 
 bury — all ladies. Consulting the first catalogue of 
 Ripon College, we find the following named members 
 of the faculty: Rev. W. E. Merriman, A. M., President, 
 and Professor of Mental and Moral Science; Edward H. 
 Merrell, A. M., Professor of Greek; Daniel Merriman, 
 A. M., Professor of Natural Sciences; Theodore Wilder, 
 A. B., Professor of Mathematics; Justus N. Brown, A. 
 B., Professor of Latin; Mrs. C. T. Tracy, Superintend- 
 ent of the Ladies' Department, and Instructor in Bot- 
 any; Mrs. Julia H. Merrell, Instructor in Latin and 
 Greek; Miss Frances E. Durand, Instructor in Higher 
 English studies; Miss Luthera H. Adams, Instructor in 
 Mathematics; Miss A. A. Davis, Teacher of Music; Miss 
 E. N. Billings, Teacher of Music and Vocal culture; and 
 Mr. R. S. Cross, Teacher of Penmanship and Accounts. 
 The rhetorical department, now so valuable and promi- 
 nent a part of the college work, was at the time to which 
 we are now referring not organized, and its duties were 
 in part distributed among the teachers of other branches. 
 The musical department also was as yet without organ- 
 ization. In all, the college has now (Februar}', 1876) 
 graduated nine classes, numbering from three to thirteen 
 each, and averaging between seven and eight each, the 
 total number of graduates being sixty-eight. The num- 
 ber of students in attendance during the past nine years 
 has varied from year to year between 321 in 1867-8, and 
 358 in 1875-6. The number of students in college 
 classes has varied from 60 to 75 a year. 
 
OF RIPON COLLEGE. 113 
 
 111 1866, three years after the permanent organization 
 of the college, the school had outgrown its accommoda- 
 tions, and in 1867 the third college building, now West 
 College, larger and better than either of the others, was 
 erected and occupied.* 
 
 CHARTER POWERS AKD CONTROL OF THE COLLEGE. 
 
 The charter of the college incorporates the Board of 
 Trustees of Ripon College, fifteen in number, including 
 the president of the college, who is ex officio a trustee. 
 The others hold office for three years, one-third going 
 out of office every year; but they may be reelected. 
 The board fills its own vacancies. It has power to 
 establish and maintain in Ripon an institution of learn- 
 ing of the highest order, with all the powers necessary 
 to its operajbion and control. It may establish any de- 
 partment of learning, may confer the usual degrees, 
 and maj' receive donations and apply them to spe- 
 cial educational purposes according to the design of 
 the donors. It may hold property, real and personal, 
 to an}' amount, provided the annual income from it 
 shall not exceed 120,000. It may hold, free of taxes, 
 land given to the college to the amount of 10,000 acres. 
 
 The title of the college grounds and buildings is per- 
 fect, and the properly is wholly unincumbered. The 
 whole control of the college is in the trustees, accord- 
 ing to the charter. It has been built up mainly by the 
 Congregationalists, a majority of its trustees have been 
 ministers or members of Congregational churches, and 
 
 * KoTE : — It was stated in the first part of this sketch that East College 
 was completed in 1857. This is a mistake. The building was finally com- 
 pleted in 1863, the year of the reorganization of the school. 
 
114 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 the board has the confidence of that denomination. It 
 is a Christian college under the influence of the Con- 
 gregationalists. It looks to them for support, and will 
 be consistent with their principles, but it is not designed 
 to be sectarian; its privileges are open to all on the 
 same terms, and it has no ecclesiastical connection or 
 control. 
 
 DESIGN AND POLICY OF THE COLLEGE. 
 
 Young men and 3'oung women are here educated to- 
 gether; they may take the same courses of study, and 
 enjoy the same privileges. This is no experiment here; 
 experience has satisfied all concerned that this plan is 
 every way the best. It requires better conditions and 
 produces better results than the plan of separate educa- 
 tion of the sexes. 
 
 Health, Christian character and Christian influence 
 are made prominent ends of instruction as conducted 
 here. We seek to have the college pervaded with the 
 Christian spirit, and characterized by Christian princi- 
 ples. As a result, we hope to secure a proper Christian 
 morality in the students, and their devotion to useful 
 service in Christian lives. 
 
 An Academical Department in connection with the 
 college is found to be a necessity, and the purpose is to 
 continue it and make it an element of greater power 
 and usefulness than it has been heretofore. In a thor- 
 oughly organized preparatory school, it is possible to 
 secure much more thorough and systematic preparation 
 for the college courses than can be obtained otherwise; 
 and until the demand for strictly college istruction is 
 greater than at present, a preparatory school is not a 
 hindrance. The department is open to all students of 
 
OF KIPO]S' COLLEGE. 115 
 
 suital)le age when they have completed their studies in 
 the higher public schools, and if they cannot take a full 
 course, they may pursue, under the direction of the fac- 
 ulty, such studies as their cases admit. The wants of 
 the people demand this, and the college and the prepar- 
 atory school may be advantageously connected. 
 
 There are two courses of study in the Collegiate 
 Department, the scientific and the classical, differing 
 chiefly in the relative attention given to the sciences 
 and to classical studies. We seek to maintain the 
 standard of a liberal education, both in thoroughness 
 and extent, but we seek also to adopt instruction to the 
 wants of the times. The courses of study are equiva- 
 lent to those of colleges of the east. 
 
 The classical course requires seven years to accom- 
 plish it; this period includes three years of preparatory 
 study, beginning with Latin Grammar, Ancient His- 
 tor}^ and reviews of Arithmetic and English Analysis. 
 The study of Greek is begun in the second year of the 
 preparatory course. 
 
 The scientific course requires one year less of prepar- 
 atory study, and continues through six years. In this 
 course no Greek is required, and the German language 
 and certain branches of science are pursued further. 
 The study of Latin extends through four years, of 
 Greek the same, of History through one year, of Ger- 
 man through one year, of Science through about three 
 years, of English studies (including Anglo-Saxon, Rhet- 
 oric, English Literature, Logic, Mental Philosophy, 
 Moral ^Esthetics and Political Philosophy), through 
 five years, and of Mathematics through five years. 
 
116 HISTORICAL SKETCH. 
 
 LOCATION, GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS. 
 
 Ripon is located centrally in the state, and in a 
 region of exceeding fertility. The climate, though 
 usually severe in winter, is particularly healthful and 
 agreeable. Perhaps, nowhere east of the Mississippi 
 can a dryer air and clearer skies be found. The town 
 is conspicuous for its beauty of situation, its cleanliness 
 and the general character of its inhabitants for morality 
 and intelligence. In almost every respect the sur- 
 soundings are favorable for a college. The college 
 grounds include nearly twelve acres, centrally situated, 
 on high ground with a rolling surface relieved at inter- 
 vals by native oaks and other shrubbery. The grounds, 
 and particularly the buildings, are visible at great dis- 
 tances in all dn-ectious. There are three college build- 
 ings all of stone. East College is fifty feet square and 
 three stories high, with a cupola. It contains four 
 recitation rooms, the cabinet, the reading room, an 
 apparatus room and several rooms for students. Mid- 
 dle College is one hundred by fortj^-four feet, three 
 stories high, besides the basement and the attic, which 
 are finished throughout. This is the ladies' building; 
 it contains, in the basement, the college boarding hall; 
 on the main floor, teachers' rooms, parlors and office; 
 in the upper stories, apartments for young ladies, the 
 hall of their literary societ}', and their gymnasium. 
 West College is eighty by fifty feet, and four stories 
 high. It contains the chapel, the library, the general 
 office, recitation rooms, the hall of the young men's 
 societies, the gymnasium, and rooms for young men. 
 The buildings afibrd rooms sufficient for the instruc- 
 
OF RIPON COLLEGE. 117 
 
 tion of 450 students, of whom about 200, with several 
 teachers, may reside in the buildings. These structures 
 are plain and unpretentious, having been erected at the 
 least possible cost consistent with sound construction; 
 but they are serviceable and comfortable. 
 
 LIBEARY, CABINET, APPARATUS, ETC. 
 
 The library now contains about 1,000 volumes. It is 
 open to the students twice a week without charge for 
 the drawing and consulting of books. A large number 
 of the students avail themselves of the privilege. The 
 library depends for its growth largely upon the bene- 
 factions of the friends of the college; there is no per- 
 manent fund provided for its increase. 
 
 The cabinet contains a vahiable cellection of minerals 
 well arranged for purposes of class instruction. 
 
 The College has only a limited supply of suitable 
 chemical and philosophical apparatus ; indeed, much 
 less than it needs for the most successful instruction in 
 chemistry and physics. Additions are, however, made 
 to the supply on hand from time to time, as means for 
 puchasing are obtained. 
 
 FINANCIAL CONDITION AND POLICY, 
 
 In 1868, the College, through its president, made 
 application to the directors of the " Society for the 
 Promotion of Collegiate and Theological Education 
 in the West," to adopt Ripon College as one of its 
 beneficiaries, and to assist it with funds from the east, 
 so far as may be necessary for its equipment and endow- 
 ment. The application was granted, and a large part 
 of the present endowment fund has been obtained at 
 
118 HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 the east throngli the personal solicitation of President 
 Merriraau. 
 
 The property and resources of the College are esti- 
 mated as follows: 
 
 Number of acres of land owned by the institution ' 440 
 
 Estimated casli value of land owned by the institution !f4, 440 00 
 
 Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution 65,000 00 
 
 Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 55,000 00 
 
 Amount of income for the current year from all sources except jlji 1 i 
 
 tuition 7, 317 OO 
 
 Amount received for tuition during the past year 3,434 00 
 
 Tuition in the college department is $24 a year; 
 in the preparatory department, |121 a j^ear. [This 
 statement is compiled from the annual report of the 
 hoard of trustees to the superintendent of public in- 
 struction of the state of Wisconsin, for the year ending 
 August, 1875.] 
 
 There is no incumbrance of any kind on the College 
 property. No scholarships have been issued, but a plan 
 for issuing 1,000 scholarships at $60 each has been 
 recently decided upon, and the work of disposing of 
 them begun. 
 
 Since the organization of the institution as a College 
 in 1863, it has been operated mainly upon its own 
 earnings, the endowment funds having become pro- 
 ductive of income during the last few years onjy. Up 
 to 1868, the teachers received nothing but the income 
 from tuition. The College has never had a paid agent, 
 and every dollar contributed to it has been used in 
 building up the institution without diminution for 
 raising money or for current expenses. It is the pur- 
 pose of the College to pursue this same severely econ- 
 omical policy; that is, to spend nothing given to it in 
 
OF KIPON COLLEGE, 119 
 
 operating it, but to use eveiy donation in augmenting 
 its permanent means of instruction. 
 
 The design being to keep the College within the 
 reach of the poor, the cost of tuition is put very low. 
 Although there is not a single endowed professorship, 
 a student can have tuition in any department of the 
 College for less than |25 a year. Boarding in the Col- 
 lege boarding hall can be had at $2.50 a week. The 
 total estimated expenses of a student for a term are, 
 not including fuel, but including tuition, incidentals, 
 room rent, board, lights and washing, books and sta- 
 tionery, $62.50. 
 
 MUSICAL DEPARTMENT. 
 
 There is connected with the College a flourishing 
 musical department which aims to provide thorough 
 instruction in playing the piano forte, in solo and 
 chorus singing, and in musical theory, including har- 
 mony, counterpoint and the elements of form and com- 
 position. A separate course of study is provided for 
 each of the three branches of piano playing, vocal cul- 
 ture and theory; but the first named course includes 
 enough of theory to enable the pianist to analyze and 
 and thoroughly understand the grammar of the com- 
 positions he plays, while the course in vocal culture, 
 with the same amount of theory, requires enough train- 
 ing in piano pla,ying to enable the singer to play the 
 most difficult accompaniments. 
 
 TERMS AND VACATIONS. 
 
 The College year begins about the first of September 
 and closes about the first of July. There are three 
 
120 HISTORICAL SKETCH. 
 
 terms of twelve weeks, fourteen weeks and thirteen 
 weeks respective!}-. At the end of tlie fall term there is 
 a vacation of one week; at the end of the winter term, 
 a vacation of two weeks. 
 

 
 
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