M &1 • . ■, I ft w c .OX J Gr^- T:E Sc 0q Toilet Soap Makers 53 & 55 JOHN STREET, NEW YORK. The following List comprises some of the best styles and qualities of Colgate & f recommerded to the public fo 6^ < ^^^^^^^^*^ < ^^> < *'' 5 $>'*-'«>"%>'®>Pi | thev readily yield, and for th f LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, I Rose Soap. Rose Geraniun Musk. Soap. Lettuce Soap. Patehouly Soap. Verbena Soap. May Blossom Soap. Musk Lavender Soap Spermaceti Soap. Violet Soap. J UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. | marsnmanow soap. Aromatic Vegetable Soap. Elder Flower Soap. Primrose Soap. Turtle Oil Soap. Alpine Soap. pOLGATE, & Co.'S MaNDKERCHIEfExTRACTS, Cashmere Bouquet. Rondeletia. Patchouly. Violet. "Ylang- Viang. Moss Rose. White Rose. Lilium Auratura. Ess. Bouquet. Tea Rose. Jockey Club. Rose Geranium. BraniMH, Smith & Co. 128 Chambers St., N. Y., T©V8, GAMES* ^-M * Doll Perambulators, =BC>YJBt! ' /S^^^^^Btv s P rin § and Rocking Wagons &■ Carts. ^HPhOESES. Manufacturers of Children's Carriages anfl Velocipedes, B¥nBI|,|S xi*\a«*7\ T07 ENGINES, TOY STEAMBOATS. *^. k-™ 1 ™. to CARRIAGES OE THE BEST QUALITY, New and Elegant Designs. BRADLEY, PRAY & CO., SUCCE8SOK8 TO JOHN R. LAWRENCE & CO., 558 BROADWAY. EVERY SIZE, STYLE AND PRICE, For Birthday and Wedding Presents, £ u to O CO <-t* _U £ C O w O u >s v. Fine Laces, Lace Curtains, Window Shades, Blankets, Afghans, Table Covers, Kid Gloves, Feathers, &c, cleaned. B e jr # vhiebbt IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF f SHOES, GAITERS, &C, 816 Broadway, 191 Rue St. Honore, Between 11th and l'2th Streets, SMew York. Opposite St. Koch. Paris. !> 41 Maiden Lasie,, Importer of and Sealer in Manufacturer of PORTABLE WRITING DESKS. The Diploma of the Exhibition of the American Institute, for 1871, was awarded to me for my SUPERIOR DESKS. Bronzes, Dressing Cases, Work Boxes, OPERA GLASSES, A Specialty, Largest Assortment of Useful Novelties in the City. PARIS MILLINERY. mm 23 WAVE&1IY UH0E> West of Broadway, NEAR UNIVERSITY RE ACE CONTENTS History of New York — Historical Localities General View New York as it is Central Park — Origin and Early History Location and Area Cost Gateways and Approaches General Features Museum Play Grounds The Mall The Terrace The Lake The Ramble The Upper Park How to Get to the Park Parks and Public Squar es Amusements — Academy of Music . Booth's Theatre Bryant's Minstrels . Fifth Avenue Theatre . Grand Opera House Lyceum New York Circus Niblo's Garden Olympic Theatre . San Francisco Minstrels Union Square Theatre Wallack's Theatre Wood's Museum Page. 17 39 43 5i 55 55 59 63 67 67 71 73 74 76 78 81 82 106 95 104 9 1 85 103 105 106 90 105 87 96 101 Public Buildings — Page. New Court House . . . . . .107 City Hall . ...... 108 Hall of Records . . . . ... 108 Hall of Justice . . . . . . I09 Department of Charities and Correction . . . I09 City Armory . . . . . 109 U.S. Treasury and Assay Office . . . .110 Custom House . . j . . . . 110 Post Office . . . . . . .111 Public Works — Croton Aqueduct, . . . . 114 High Bridge, . . . . . . .115 Benevolent Institutions — Blackwell's, Ward's and Randall's Islands, . . . 1I7 Insane Asylum, (Bloomingdale) . . . .118 Orphan Asylum, . . . . . . 118 Hospitals, . . . . . . .119 Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, . . . 1 20 Institution for the Blind, ..... 121 Houses of Industry, . . . . . 121 Sailor's Snug Harbor, . . . . . . 12Z Societies and Associations — Young Men's Christian Association, . . . . 124 National Academy of Design, . . . . .131 Libraries — Astor Library, . . . . . . 133 Mercantile Library, . . . . . 135 Colleges and Seminaries, ... .135 Churches, . . . . . . . .138 Greenwood Cemetery, . . . . . . 149 Environs of the City, . . ... . .157 Forts and Fortifications, . . . . 160 Foreign Consuls, ..... .162 Watering Places, ... 163 fc=*fl OO f mmm itin m» Importer & Manufacturer, U MAIDEN LANE. BLANK-BOOKS, STATIONERY & PRINTING. m m. ju Stationers Steam Jol jpf:tat©i*§ ? Mtbogffftpton And Manufacturers of Patent Spring-Back Account Books, 45 Maiden Lane, New York. Orders solicited for anything in our line. Large assortment of Fancy and Staple Stationery^ Account Books, Writing Paper, Hotel Registers, Time Books, Expense Books, Diaries and Daily Journals. Copt Totjb Letters. — Use Francis' Manifold Writer, by which letters and copies are written at the same time. Price from $1 to $5. Merchants, Bankers, Factories, Public Offices, Railroad and Insurance Companies, as well as individuals, are solicited to give us their orders. Prompt and personal attention given. Prices low. The entire building is fitted expressly for the various branches of our business, with new and improved Machinery, Steam Power Presses, New Type, &c. Please call or send your orders to FRANCIS & LOUTREL, Stationers, Printers & Bookbinders, 45 MAIDEN LANE, N. Y LEWIS FRANCIS, CYRUS H. LOUTREL, Fatent Composition for Printers's Inking Rollers. Does not harden, shrink, or crack. Importers and Manufacturers, 861 BBOADWAY, Between 17th & 18th St. Ladies' Suits, And All Kinds OUTSIDE GARMENTS AND . 1 Beauty and Fashion." Enable us to ill ti mil &Ammmm^m worn All Occasions, AT SHORT NOTICE. Also, Ladies' Own Material lade Up, AND SATISFACTION 0UARANTE3D. MML HOLDEN, ± WIST mm> mTWLMMT One Block from Broadway, DRESSMAKING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. WfliHtlJ S©s§ &**§#*•*; MOURNING ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED. PREFACE. The first edition of this work met with such a flattering reception, both from the proprietors of the leading Hotels in this city, and from the traveling public ; that we have been induced to re-issue it revised and improved. Our object has been not only to indicate the names and localities of all places of interest, but to add such brief notices of them as would not fail to be of service to the stranger desiring to inspect our city. We beg leave to call the attention of visitors to New York to the list of business houses under " Where to Buy." We recommend these as being first- class places for the purchase of goods ; buyers will meet not only with every attention, but will be fairly dealt with, both as to quality of goods and scale of prices. It may not be uninteresting to know that the " Hotel Guests' Guide " has a circulation of three thousand copies, divided between the following named first-class Hotels, viz. : ASTOIl, ----- 200 GILSBY, - 150 NEW YORK, - - - 200 BREVOORT, - - - 150 GRAMMERCY PARK, - 100 ST. DENIS, - - - - 100 CLARENDON, - - 150 I GRAND, - 150 ST. JAMES, - - - - 150 COLEMAN, - - - - 150 I GRAND CENTRAL, - 200 j ST. NICHOLAS, - - 250 EARLS, ----- 200 HOFFMAN, ----- 200 | STTJRTEVANT, - - 200 EVERETT, - - - - 150 METROPOLITAN, - - 200 WESTMINSTER, - 100 New York, Oct. 15th, 1872. & Co. IMPORTERS, No. 10 MAIDEN USB, NEW ¥08K t ^ ■ i ■ ^ — An Entirely New Stock of FRENCH CLOCKS, Real ani Freneh Bronzes* MUSICAL BOXES, London, Pans, and Vienna Panoj Goods, WEDDING PEESE1TTS. JOHF IE. SHEPAE/D, Late of the Firm of ALEX. M. HAYS & CO. THOS. LE BOUTILLIER, Jr. CHAS. E. BRIDE. WHEEE TO BUT. Comprising some of the leading Business Houses of Die City of New York. COMPILED EXPRESSLY FOR THE §<£ OTBSMa ff AGENTS, ADVERTISING. ROWELL GEO. P., & CO., 41 Park Row. See Advt. on Back Cover. AGENTS, REAL ESTATE KAVANAGH JOHN, cor. 42dSt. & oth av See Advt. page 58. AMMUNITION. REMINGTON E. & SONS, 283 Broadway. See Advt. opp. back cover. SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM, 20 & 22 John & 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt inside back cover. ARTISTS. KURTZ W., 872 Broadway. See Advt. page 26. SARONY, 680 Baoadway, See Advt. page 28. BATHS. (RUSSIAN.) €APES ALICE, 23 & 25 East 4th St, See Advt page 62. BATHS. (TURKISH) MILLER, HAYNES& CO, 37, 39 & 41 "West 26th St See Advt. page 26 BERLIN WOOLS. LAUZIN MADAME A. 144 Fifth Av. See Advt. opp. History N. Y. BOOT & SHOE MAKERS. ALEXANDER ANDREW, 357 6th Av. See Advt. page 94. BDRTS' SHOES AT RETAIL, 357 6th Avenue. See Advt. page 94. BOOT & SHOE MAKERS (CON.) GLAZE & SON, 663 Broadway, See Advt. page 38. JANTZEN H. 284 Sixth Av. See Advt. page 46 THIERRY E. J., 816 Broadway. See Advt. opp. Copyright Page. WALKER ALEX., 397 Sixth Ave. See Advt. page 48. BOYS CLOTHING. CLEMENTS W. B 826 Broadway. See Advt. opp. 1st page History of N. Y. BRONZES SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM., 20 & 22 John St. & 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt. inside back cover. SHEPARD, LEBOUTILIER & CO., 10 Maiden Lane. See Advt. opp. "Where to Buy" TAYLOR, OLMSTED & TAYLOR., 5 Bond Street See Advt. page 64. BURGLAR ALARM. HOLMES E , 7 Murray street, See Advt , page 68. CAMEO LIKENESSES. BERNARD & BONET, 599 Broadway. See Advt. page 44. CARD ENGRAVERS. GIMBREDE, 1190 Broadway. See Advt., page 92. CARRIAGE MANUFACTURERS. BRADLEY, PRAY & CO., 658 Broadway See Advt., opposite front cover. WHERE TO BUY. CHAMPAGNES. RIFFLARD'S JOS. SONS, 42 Vesey st. See Avt., pages 98 & 99. CHILDREN'S CARRIAGES. BRAMHALL, SMITH & CO., 128 Chambers street. See Advt, opp. front cover. SCHWARZ FRED. A. 0.,765 Broadway S< e Advt., page 36. CHILDREN'S FANCY GOODS. THURN Madame L., 884 Broadway. See Advt., page 58. CHINA AND GLASSWARE. BRUNDIGE RUFDS M., 919 Broadway. See Advt., page 50. HINRICHS C. F. A., 29 31 & 33 Park Place. gee Advt., page 84. STRASBDRGER & PFEIb'FER,394 B'dway See Advt., opp. Title page. VOGT JOHN & CO., 35 & 37 Park place. See Advt., page 80 CONFECTIONERS. RIDLEY & CO., cor. Chambers & Hudson, & 1 149 B'way. See Advt . page 50. CORSETS & CRINOLINES OLMSTEAD R. A., 781 Broadway. See Advt., page 44. PHILtPSON Mme. HENRIETTE, 216 8th Avenue. See Advt.. page 48. SMITH Mrs. JENNY L. 175, 347 & 64] 6th Avenue. See Advt., page 30. STIEBEL & CO.. 201 6th Avenue. See Advt., opp last of Where to Buy. STONE OL1YE AUGUSTA. 1191 B'way See Advt., page 20. COSTUM.ER. WIRTZ, 23 Bleecker street. See Advt, page 102. CUTLERY. SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM. 20 & 22 John, and 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt. inside back cover. DENTISTS. ALLEN J. & SON, 22 Bond street. See Advt., page 32. HOWE J. MORGAN, 9 E. 17th street. See Advt., page 146. DECALCOMANIE. SHUTE R. L., 894 Broadway. See Advt., page 140. DECORATORS (House & Church). DeYULDER & STEELE, 1212 Broadway. See Advt., page 44. DERMATOLOGIST. GRAY Madame, 31 Lafayette place. See Advt., page 50. DIAMONDS. SMITH & HEDGES., 1 Maden Lane. See Advc. page 64. DRESS & CLOAK MAKERS COOLEY MADAME E., 884^ Broadway, See Advt. page 24. COOLEY MADAME ROSALIE., 866 Broadway See Advt. page 28 DONOYAN MRS. C, 8 East 18th St. See Advt. page 97. DOUGLASS MADAME M. A., 13 E. 17th See Advt. page 97 GILLOTTE MONS. 685 Sixth Av. See Advt. page 102. GOLDSMITH MISS E. 14 East 15th. See Advt. page 34. GRIPPEN A. J. & CO., 16 Clinton Place. See Advt. page 46. GROAT MRS. O. S. 16 East 15th St. See Advt. page 60. HOLDEN MART A., 133 West 23rd St. See Advt- opp Preface. JEFFREYS M. & E., 21 Brevoort Place. See Advt. page 42. LAFONTAINE MADAME & CO., 405 Sixth Ave. See Advt. page 146. LAFORCADE MME., 6 West 11th St. See Advt. page 18. MANNERS MME. & CO. S20 Broadway. See Advt. page 26. WHERE TO BUY. PARKER MAD. B., 16 Clinton Place, See Advt. page 46. PHELAN MRS. M., 344 Fourth Ave. See Advt. page 14C. PICHON THERESE., 246 Fourth Av. See Advt. page 66. PRATT BROS., 861 Broadway, See Advt opp. Preface. ROGER MME. C. 70 University Place. See Advt. page 48. ROULLIER-AUGIER MADAME., 17 E, 17th St. See Advt page 38. VIOL MLLES. 65 East 12th Street. See Advt. page 140. "WEBB MADAME., 813 Broadway. See Advt. page 48. DRESSING CASES. SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM. 20 & 22 John St. & 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt. inside back cover. DRUGGISTS FANCY GOODS. SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM, 20 & 22 John St. & 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt. inside back cover. DRUGGISTS SUNDRIES, SCOTT, PLATT & CO., 1211 Broadway. See Advt. page 165. DRY GOODS. CARTWRIGHT E. R. 20 E. 14th St. See Advt, page 18. DYERS, BARRETT, NEPHEWS & CO-5& 7 John See Advt. page 30. LORD EDWIN., Ill 8th Av. & 934 B'way See Advt. opp. Copyright Page NEW YORK DYEING & PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT-, 98 Duane St. See Advt. page 46. ELASTIC STOCKINGS, D ARROW & CO., 1227 Broadway. See Advt. page 56. EMBLEMATIC SIGNS, WASHBURNE., 4 Courtlandt St. See Advt. page 46. EMBROIDERY STAMPING, BADOUREAU & CO.. 125 Fourth Av. See Advt. page 161 FANCY GOODS. HINRICHS C. F. A., 29, 31 & 33 Park Place. See Advt., page 84. SCHWARZ FRED. A. O., 765 Broadway. See Advt., page 36. SCOTT PLATT & CO., 1211 Broadway. See Advt.. page 165. STRASBURGER, & PFEIFFER, 394 B'dway. See Advt., opp. Title page. FANCY FRENCH & VIENNA GOODS. SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM, 20 & 22 John, and 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt., inside back cover. SHEPARD, LE BOUTILIER & CO., 10 Maiden Lane. See Advt., opp. " Where to Buy." FANCY LEATHER GOODS, CULBERT & CO., 24 Maiden Lane. See Advt., page 22. PRATT CHAS. D., 41 Maiden Lane. See Advt., opp. first page of Contents. SCOTT, PLATT & CO., 1211 Broadway. See Advt., page 165. FASHIONS, IMPORTER OF. SMITH, A. BURDETTE, 914 Broadway. See Advt., page 52. FERROTYPES. ESTABROOKE, 31 Union Square. See Advt., page 88. FLORISTS. LE MOULT ADOLPH, 7 Union Square. See Advt., page 100. REID WALTER, cor, 34th st. & B'dway. See Advt.. page 38, WHERE TO BUY FLOWER PRESERVING. LE MOULT A DOLPH, 1 Uiiion Square. See Advt, page 100. FURNITURE. HERTS 1 CO.. 806 & 808 Broadway. See Advt., page 22. HUTCHINGS E. W. & SON, 99 & 101 4th Avenue. See Advt., page 24. KOECHLING BERNHARD, 58 & 60 University Place. See Advt., page 92. PHELPS «fc DOREMUS, 264 & 266 Canal. See Advt., page 140. FURS AND FUR DEALERS. ESTER WILLIAM, 51 Maiden Lane. See Advt., page 40. GUNTHER C. G. & SONS, 502 & 504 Broadway. Sec Advt., page 54. ZUGALLA CHAS. H., 39 Maiden Lane. See Advt., page 36. gamingTmplements. WILLIAMS GEO. W., 98 Elm street. See Advt., page 48. GATLING GUNS- SCHUYLER HARTLEY & GRAHAM 20 & 22 John, and 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt., inside back cover. GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS- PHELAN WALTER A., 693 Broadway. See Advt., page 92. GERMAN ZEPHYR WORSTED- I AUZIN Madame A., 144 Fifth Avenue. See Advt., opp. .." History of N. Y." GOLD PENS AND PENCILS. MABIE, TODD & CO., 180 Broadway. See Advt., page 92. GUNS, PISTOLS AND RIFLES. MOORE'S JOHN P., SONS, 204 Broadway See Advt., page 66. REMINGTON E. & SONS, 283 Broadway. See Advt., opp. back cover. SCHUYLER, HARTLEY & GRAHAM, 20 & 22 John, and 19 Maiden Lane. See Advt., inside back cover. HAIR (ORNAMENTAL) GOODS. PECKHAM CHAS. Y. 687 Broadway. See Advt. page 100. KRLLEY K. & N. 697 Broadway. See Advt. page 66. LA COUR M. E. 423 Sixth Av. See Advt. page 46. MA REG A G., 765 Broadway. See Advt. page 44. ROGERS CHAS. & CO., 317 Canal St. & 383 6th Ave See Advt. page 40. SHAW MADAME. 352 Bowery & 363 Sixth Ave. See Advt. page 48 SHINDHELM M. 100 Bowery. See Advt. page 66. STIEBEL & CO., 201 Sixth Av. See Advt. opp last of Where to Buy. WAGNER F. 823 Broadway. See Advt. page 62. HATTERS. CONDON JOHN., 6 Amity St. See Advt. page 102. MILLER EDWARD, 4 Astor Place. See Advt. page 66. HOSIERY & GLOVES. DEVIN JOHN C. 1192 Broadway. See Advt. page 26. HOTEL ANNUNCIATOR. HOLMES E. 7 Murray St- See Advt. page 68. INDIA CAMELS HAIR SHAWLS!" RUSSELL J., '33 East 20th Street. See Advt. page 28. KID GLOVES. STIEBEL & CO., 201 Sixth Av. See Advt. opp. last of Where to Buy LACES & EMBROIDERIES. CARTWRIGHT E. R., 20 E. 14th St. See Advt. page 1 8. EISIG B., 218 Sixth Avenue. See Advt. page 40. FRANK M. & CO.,',783 Broadway. See Advt. page 44. GUERIN Madame E., 757 Broadway. See Advt. opp. last of Where to Buy WHERE TO BUY. LACES & EMBROIDERIES, LANCASTER & CO., 917 Broadway, See Advt. page 46. 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IB BEST QUALITY At the fallowing Prices : § Switches, 29 inches long, ........ 1.75 do. 34 do do 3.00 Chignons, from 75c. upwards. Ladies' Hair Dressed for 25c Curls, fllll Sets, Le Lebeit«, 1.00 do, do, Back, 8,50 do, do, Side, 7 J"e>x*r Yorls.. UEJttBKJlJVnT EFFECTS. Life. Size Photographs in Oil, Crayon, Pastel, Water Color, and India Ink. at Moderate Prices, and satisfaction guaranteed. Porcelain Pictures a Specialty. BOYS' & CHILDREN'S CLOTHING, FOR ALL AGES, FROM 3 TO 21. W. B. CLEMENTS, 824 Broadway, cor. 12th Street. Mme. Lauzin, iFOi^ME^LY ALIKE DOUBET,) IMPORTER OF Zephyr and German Worsted Patterns, Canvas, Floss Silk, Purse Twist, Beads, AND OTHER FRENCH FANCY ARTICLES, H« 9 144 WEWTM ATBHUfl, Between 19th and 20th Sts., IV E W YORK. All kinds of Embroideries, Monograms and Crests made to order. PATTERNS AND DESIGNS MADE TO ORDER. HEMS* HU mm m& feniffi, LIlsTGERIE IDE ^JLK^IS, 144 FIFTH AVENUE. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. NEW YORK AS IT WAS. HISTORICAL LOCALITIES. The denizens of New York are such utilitarians that they have sacrificed to the shrine of Mammon almost every relic of the olden time. The feeling of veneration for the past, so characteristic of the cities of the Old World, is lamentably deficient among the people of the New. Still, as there are some who may take an interest in knowing even the sites of memorable historic places of the city, we will briefly refer to some of them. Few, we presume, are not patriotic enough to gaze with interest as they pass through Franklin Square, on the site of the old town man- sion of Washington, which stood at the north-east angle of Franklin Square and Pearl Street, or tread the sod of Fort Greene, Brooklyn, that battle-ground of the Martyrs of Liberty. Taking the Battery as a starting point, the first object of historic interest we encounter is the old Kennedy House, No. 1 Broadway. During the war of independence it was successively the residence of Lord Cornwallis, General Clinton, Lord Howe and General Washington. This house was erected in 1760 by Hon. Captain Kennedy, who re- turned to England prior to the Revolution. It subsequently came into the possession of his youngest son, from whom it ultimately passed into that of the late Nathaniel Prime. Talleyrand passed some time under its roof. From this house anxious eyes watched the destruction of the statue of George III, in the Bowling Green ; and a few years afterwards other eyes saw, from its windows, the last soldiers of that king passing for ever from our shores Hi 6 H ft ^AliWBIitillj 20 E. 14th St., bet. 5th Ave. and S. W. cor. of Union Square, Importer and Retailer of LACES, EMBROIDERIES, HOSIERY, GLOVES, LADIES' UNDERWEAR, &c. Specialties : Blaek Silks & Beal Laee i CLOAKS and'SUITS, IN EVERY VARIETY, My prices are Twenty per cent, lower than Broadway. The public are respectfully invited to call and examine the Goods. ft. R. CART WRIGHT, 20 Bast 1&th St. bet. 5th Ave. & S, 7K. cor. ofUnio?i Square. Paris Millinery, No. 6 West 11th Street, Second door from Broadway, Evening Drew, Wumes, LINGERIES, CM APEAUX & OOX3S A.R,E IMPORTED S'BOM THE Most Fashionable Houses in Paris, HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 19 Still later, others looked sadly on the funeral of Fulton, who died in a house which has been built in what was once the garden. Here Arnold concerted his treasonable project with Andre at the Clinton's — his head-quarters at the time. Arnold also occupied more frequently the third house from the Battery, in Broadway. Arnold is said to have had a sentinel at his door. When his traitorous character had become known he used to be saluted in the streets by the epithet of " the traitor-general." He was guarded by an escort from Sir Henry Clinton. General Gage's head- quarters in 1765 was the small low building since known as the Atlantic Garden. The Bowling Green was originally inclosed, in 1732 41 with walks therein for the beauty and ornament of said street, as well as for the sports and delight of the inhabi- tants of the city." In 1697 it was resolved " that the lights be hung out in the dark time of the moon within this city, and for the use of the inhabitants ; and that every 7th house do hang a lantern and a candle in it," &c. The site of the old Government House is now occupied by a range of dwelling-houses at the south side of the inclo- sure, called the Bowling Green. It was subsequently used as the Custom House (from 1790 to 1815), when it was taken down. Earlier recollections even belong to this location ; here the Dutch and English forts were erected. At the •corner of Wall and William streets, now the Bank of New York, once stood the statue of William Pitt. The old Stadt Huys stood at Coenties Slip. On the site of the present U. S. Treasury was situated the Town Hall, or " Congress Hall," which included also the Law Courts and Prison. In front of this building were the stocks, a pillory, and a whip- ping post. This edifice was subsequently converted into a hall of legislature. It was in its gallery on Wall street, in April, 1789, that General Washington was inaugurated the first President of the United States. This important public ceremony took place in the open gallery in front of the Senate Chamber, in the view . of an immense concourse of citizens. There stood Washington, invested with a suit of dark silk velvet, of the old cut, steel-bilted small-sword by WHERE TO GET RICH LACES, &c RICHMOND & GO. RICH LACES, EMBROIDERIES, RIBBONS Dress Trimmings, Kid Gloves Under Garments &c* 925 BROADWAY, One door above 21st St. NEW YORK. N. B. Lace, Muslin, and Illusion Goods Made up to Order, SHAW& EATON, Late with A. T. STEWART* CO. 1105 BROADWAY, Three Doors above Fifth Avenue Hotel. Are offering and constantly receiving the very latest, choicest and recherche Paris IPASHinwei if/ locust* Keceived regularly from Europe, thus enabling us to supply our patrons with the latest novelties ii»' LaCeTaPES. pOLL-AB^ETTS, J^ACE^OWS, J^ACE ^ANDKEF^CHIEFS, j$LEEYES, LACE & FRENCH EMBROIDERED CUSHION COVERS, WINDSOR TIES IIST -A.XiT_, THE CHOICEST COLOES. Fires 66 Embroidered Breakfast Sets, lines Collars and Cuffs, ete. In all the latest styles, to an inspection of which we invite special attention. SHAW & EATON.. OLIVE AUGUSTA STONE, 1191 BROADWAY, N. Y. AND ALL KINDS OF HAIR CLOTH GOODS, Fine Work done to Order. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 21 his side, hair in bag and full powdered, in black silk hose, and shoes with silver buckles, as he took the oath of office to Chancellor Livingston. Dr. Duer thus describes the scene of the inauguration : — " This auspicious ceremony took place under the portico of Federal Hall, upon the balcony in front of the Senate Chamber, in the immediate presence of both Houses of Con- gress, and in full view of the crowds that thronged the adjacent streets. The oath was administered by Chancellor Livingston, and when the illustrious chief had kissed the book, the Chancellor, with a loud voice, proclaimed, " Long live George Washington, President of the United States." Never shall I forget the thrilling effect of the thundering cheers which broke forth, as from one voice, peal after peal, from the assembled multitude. Nor was it the voices alone of the people that responded to the announcement; their hearts beat in unison with the echoes resounding through the distant streets ; and many a tear stole down the rugged cheeks of the hardiest of the spectators, as well I noted from my station in an upper window of the neighboring house of Colonel Hamilton." Washington's farewell interview with his officers took place at France's Tavern, corner of Pearl and Broad streets. New York is noted for its pageants and processions. That on the occasion of the last visit of General Lafayette presented the most imposing spectacle of its time. In ancient times boats were used to convey passengers across Pearl street. Canal and Cliff streets derive their names from a like circumstance. The Old Dutch records :show that the outskirts of the town were divided into farms — called " Bouwerys ; " from this fact the Bowery de- rived its name. The hills were sometimes precipitous, as from Beekman ;and Peck's hills, and in the neighborhood of Pearl, Beekman «,nd Ferry streets, and from the Middle Dutch Church, in Nassau street, down to Maiden lane ; and sometimes gradu- ally sloping, as on either hills along the line of the water, coursing through Maiden lane. When Hamilton acted as Secretary of the Treasury, he wrote the "Federalist" at a house in Wall street, between Broad and William streets, its site being now occupied by the Mechanics' Bank. His last residence was the Grange, No, %If Maiden Lane, IMPORTERS OF London, Paris & Vienna Leather Goods, (FURNISHED AND UNFURNISHED,) In Russia Leather, Canvas and Morocco> Tourists' Bags, Ladies' Shopping Bags, RUSSIA LEATHER AND MOROCCO, Jewel Boxes, Dressing Cases, Work Boxes, Glove and Handkerchief Boxes,. Segar Cases, Match Boxes, Card Cases, Pocket Books, Porte Folios, Writing Cases and Desks, Ladies' Companions, Shawl Straps, Collar Boxes, &c. Sec. FINIS WHOTDTO llili, IN ROSEWOOD, AMBOINE, BLACK WALNUT, ASH and. ether fancy woods, These desks are all made with our Patent Flap, expressly for our Retail, Trade. ALL GOODS MARKED IN PLAIN FIGURES. :imi i & m 9$ Late C. BEMBE, WCI ill PliAIIf FURNITURE, 806 & 8O8 BROADWAY, Opposite 11th Street, nVC^VZSTXJF-A.OXTJIlEIlS OF Rich Ebony, Rosewood & Walnut Parlor, Library, Dinings & Bedroom Suites. Superb Ebony & Gilt Cabinets, Easels, and Pedestals &c, &c Specialties in Inlaid Marqueterie k Ebony k Gilt Goods* DESIGNS AND ESTIMATES FURNISHED FOR DECORATIONS IN HARDWOOD, HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 23 at Bloomingdale. He lived also for some time at Bayard House, on the banks of the North River. The location where his haplass duel with Burr occurred, near Weehaw- ken, is pointed out to visitors ; a stone marks the spot where Hamilton fell. Leisler and Milbourne, the proto-martyrs ol popular liberty in America, met with a sanguinary death, May 16th, 1691, on the verge of Beekman's swamp, near the spot where the Sun Building now stands. Where Catharine street now stands was the spot where the stamps were burnt, at the dead of night, by citizens in the year 1776. Benjamin Franklin, while residing' in New York, used as an observatory for experimenting on electricity, the steeple of the old Dutch Church, now the Post Office, in Nassau street. Who will not gaze with interest at this starting point of that luminous train which now encircles the globe, and by which we communicate in letters of light with our antipodes almost with the celerity of thought. The old City Hall, in Broadway, the site of which is now occupied by a row of brown stone buildings, was for a long time the most notable edifice of the kind in the city. Here Washington, with his suite, attended the brilliant assemblies of his days. A still more interesting relic of the past was the old Sugar-House Prison, which, till within a very few years, stood in Liberty street, adjacent to the Dutch Church, now the Post Office. It was founded in 1689, and occupied as a sugar refining factory till 1777, when Lord Howe converted it into a place of confinement for American prisoners. The old Walton House, in Pearl Street, was one of the memorabilia of New York city. This celebrated mansion was erected, in 1754, by Walton, a wealthy English mer- chant. It continued in possession of the family during the Revolutionary war, and was the scene of great splendor and festivity. Washington's city mansion stood at the junction of Main and Pearl streets, the northern angle of Franklin Square. Here the General was accustomed to hold state levees. The old Brewery at the Five Points, recently taken down, is deserving of some notice. Its purlieus were those of wretchedness and crime ; they have been fitly described FURNITURE. E. W. HUTCHHTGS & SOU, MANUFACTURERS OF RICH AND PLAIN B&MB W€>#II B%%WLB t 6e Architectural Hard Wood Work, Wood Mantels, Pier and Mantel Frames and Wainscoting made to order, from Designs, Nos. 99 & 101 Fourth Avenue, New York, JJEjlE fi. 1. SIEW^I^T $ CO'B Where a general assortment cnn be bad at moderate prices ^Formerly 475 Broadway JH MADAME E. COOLET, 6ft FIBI Dress and Gloak Making @®4| SreadlwOT HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 25 as " an exhibition of poverty without a parallel — a scene of degradation too appalling to be believed and too shocking to be disclosed ; where you find crime without punishment, -disgrace without shame, sin without compunction, and death without hope. During the past few years the attention of the benevo- lent has been attracted to this > locality, and a missionary station has been erected there, under the direction of Mr. Pease. The entire cost of the establishment has been esti- mated at over $80,000. The old Methodist Church in John street, nearly facing Dutch street, is an object of antiquarian interest. In William street, about midway between John and Fulton streets, stands a range of modern houses, about the centre of which is the birth-place of Washington Irving. Old Governor Stuyvesant's house stood upon his * l Bowerie Farm,"' a little to the south of St Mark's church, between the Second an 1 Third Aveaues. A pear tree, im- ported from Holland in 1647 by Stuyvesant, and planted in his garden, }^et flourishes on the corner of Thirteenth street and Third Avenue, though but the roots and a solitary shoot remain, — the tree having been almost entirely destroyed by a storm in 1863. He lived eighteen years after the change in the govern inent, and at his death was buried in his vault within the chapel. Over his remains was placed a slab (which may yet be seen in the eastern wall of St. LVLark's), with the fol- lowing inscription: — " In this vault lies buried Petrus Stuy- vesant, late Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief of Amsterdam, in New Netherlands, now called New York, and the Dutch West India Islands. Died in August, a. d., 1682, aged eighty years." At the corner of Chirlton and Varick streets stood a wooden building, formerly of considerable celebrity, known as the " Richmon 1 Hill House." It has hid many distin- guished occupants, having been successively the residence of General Washingcoi, John Adims and Aaron Burr. It has been the scene of great festivities. Biron Steaben, Chancellor Livingston, and numerous other notable men of their times having met within its walls. Aaron Burr once lived at the corner of Cedar and Broadway gg w* irafi f ^gfff M^ Broadway.. II* B* The most Artistic Photographic Pictures of the present Day are the so-Called •' REMBRANDT EFFECTS," First introduced by Wm. Kurtz, and now copied by all Photographers.. This style of Photographic Portraiture has gained for him Six First Premiums here and One Gold Medal at the Paris Exposition. I§il fj. DflrYINl DEALER IN An Excellent Line OF Ladies' Underwear Dress Linings, SKIRTS, CORSETS, GLOVES, HOSIERY, AT LOW PRICES. SMALL WARES, &c, No 1192 BROADWAY, 3d door below 29th St., under the "Stunevant House." EAST SIDE, DR. E. P. MILLER'S New and Improved TURKISH BATHS, Electric Eath Movement Cure, LIFTINC CURE, *c. 37, 39 & 41 West 26th Street, JVeiu Yoi*k City. MILLER, HAYNES &. CO. Proprietors. MME. MANNERS & CO., 820 BROADWAY. Zhird door below 12th Street. NEW YORK.. Dress and Cloak Making, zf.a.uueix^z' sze-wi:n*C3-- Especial attention given to Children's Clothing. Families supplied at their residences •with EXPERT DRESS MAKERS, and Machines, by the Day or Week. Materials and. Trimmings famished at wholesale prices with Five percent commission only added. HISTORY OF NEW YORK, 27 Nassau streets, and, after he held the office of Vice-Presi- dent, at the corner of Pine* and Nassau. Cobbett kept his seed store at 62 Fulton street. His farm was at Hempstead, Long Island. Grant Thorburn's celebrated seed store, which was one of the notable objects of the city in its time, was in Liberty street, between Nassau and Broadway. His store was pre- viously used for a quaker meeting-house, the first that that society had erected in the city. The brick meeting-house, built in 1764, in Beekman street, near Nassau street, then standing on open fields, was the place where Whitefield preached. On the site of the present Metropolitan Hotel once lived the diplomatist, Talleyrand, when ambassador to the United States. He published a small tract on America, once much read ; he it was who affirmed that the greatest sight he had ever beheld in this country was Hamilton, with his pile of books under his arm, proceeding to the court-room in the old City Hall, in order to expound the law. James Rivington, from London, opened a book store, in 1761, near the foot of Wall street, from which his " Royal Gazetteer " was published in April, 1773. Game's " New York Mercury," in Hanover Square, was established in 1752 ; Holt's u New York Journal," in Dock (Pearl) street, near Wall, commenced in 1776; and Ander- son's "Constitutional Gazette," a very small sheet, was pub- lished for a few months in 1775 at Beekman's Slip. Gaine kept a book store under the sign of the Bible and Crown, at Hanover Square, for forty years. Among the early publishers and booksellers may be named Evert Duyc- kinck, who lived at the corner of Pearl Street and Old Slip ; and Isaac Collins, George A. Hopkins, Samuel Campbell and T. & J. Swords. William Barlas, of Maiden Lane, was himself an excellent scholar. He published classical books. He was the friend and correspondent of Newton, Cowper's friend. In the year 1607, the memorable year in which forty- seven learned men began the English version of the Bible, Henry Hudson sailed in search of a north-east passage to India. For two seasons he strove in vain to penetrate the_ ice barriers, and then turned homeward. His patrons aban doned their enterprise, and Hudson went over to Holland FH m, wm i w& a w mm ^ f 68 O BROAD^WAY, 2ST. TT_ REAL INDIA CAMELS HAIR SHAWLS. JT. 8-8 &1 IMPORTER, 33 East Twentieth Street. Madame A Michel, Formerly Willi Marie Moupean. I ls/L IPOIRTEIEt OF Paris Millinery, Jme. \{m\U |ooleg. LATE WITH km mm® &m*> New York. HE. FLORENTINE LATOUR, Roles et lanteam 866 BROADWAY, between I7th6f lSthSts HISTORY OF NEW YORK.. AV> and entered the service of the Dutch East India Company r whose fleets then agitated the waters of almost every sea. On the 3d of September, 1609, the intrepid navigator- first entered the Bay of New York. Here commence the acknowledged chronicles of European civilization on these shores of the newly-discovered continent, over which, till then, the wild Indian had held undisputed sway. Accord- ing to the Scandinavian records, it is affirmed, the Norsemen visited our shores even prior to the discovery of the conti- nent by the famed Genoese. Among those supposed early navigators was Prince Madoc ; and Verrazani, who, in the year 1514, is believed to have anchored in these waters and explored the coast of what was then known as part of ancient Vinland. We shall take a cursory glance at the leading events which have been handed down to us, since they will serve to illustrate the progressive advancement of the civilized over the savage forms of life, of which this memorable island has been the theatre. Although Hudson has not recorded in his diary his land- ing in the harbor of New York, we possess a tradition of the event by Heckewelder, the Indian historian. He describes the natives as greatly perplexed and terrified when they beheld the approach of the strange object — the ship in the offing. They deemed it a visit from the Manitou, coming in his big canoe, and began to prepare an entertainment for his reception. " By-and-by, the chief, in red clothes and a glitter of metal, with others, came ashore in a smaller canoe, mutual salutations and signs of friendship were exchanged;, and after a while strong drink was offered, which made all gay and happy. In time, as their mutual acquaintance pro- gressed, the white skins told them they would stay with them if they allowed them as much land for cultivation as the hide of a bullock, spread before them could cover or encompass. The request was gratified, and the pale men thereupon, beginning at a starting point on the hide, cut it up into one long extended narrow strip, or thong, sufficient to encompass a large place. Their cunning equally surprised and amused the confiding and simple Indians, who willingly allowed the success of their artifice, and backed it with a cordial welcome." Such was the origin of the site of New York, on the place called Manhattan {i. e., Manahachtanienks) FINE CRINOLINES & FRENCH CORSETS. THE MODEL SKIRT STORE, lilts i $wwm$ £«• iMram, 175, 347, and 641, SIXTH AVE. Bet. 12th and 13th, 21st and 22d, *7th and 3Sth Sts. NEW YORK. Fine French Goutil and French & German Corsets of the most Elegant Shape. French Hand-Made Corsets, to fit the form, to order. CSF'The Skirts of this Manufactory took the Diploma at the New York State Fair at Saratoga and arc matchless for shape and beauty. Waists, Pads, Corsets. Busks, &c, always on hand. STATKEf ISULAZfB m ami j Pf©i n» m m JCiSiiiP BARRETT, NEPHEWS & CO* Office, 5 & 7 John Street, New York, BRANCH OFFICES : 1142 Broadway, New York. 219 Fulton Street, Brooklyn. 47 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia. 110 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore. All kinds of Dress Goods, Dyed and refmished either in the piece, or in garments Also Ribbons, Trimmings, &c. &c. &c. WMWMM WmWWW® On the N. E. cor. 42d St. and 6th Ave., Where Ladies and Gentlemen can supply themselves with Tpyomks, Yp&Y^llnig m4 Shopping lags* and every article needed for Traveling convenience, at manufacturers' prices, and every article wan-anted as represented. Repairing Specially attended to. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 31 .a revelling name, importing "the place where they all got drunk!*' and a name then bestoived by the Indians as comme- morative of that first great meeting. Hudson- afterwards proceeded to explore the North River, since called after his name — the Hudson The Half-Moon anchored at Yonkers, and the Indians came off in canoes to traffic with the strangers. But the river narrowed beyond the Highlands, and Hudson, after sailing up as far as the site of Albany retraced his way to Manhattan, and at oncesniled for Europe. His favorable reports gave rise to an expedition of two ships in 1614, under Captain Adrian Block and Hend- rick Christiaanse. It was under their auspices that the first actual settlement was begun upon the site of the present New York, consisting in the first year of four houses and in the next year of a redoubt on the site of the Bowling Green To this small village they gave the name of New Amster- dam. The settlement was of a commercial and military character, having for its object the traffic in the fur trade At the time Holland projected this scheme of commercial settlement she possessed 20,000 vessels and 100,000 mariners The City of Amsterdam was at the head of the enterprise. From its earliest period. " Nieuw Amsterdam " had a checkered history. The English turned towards it a wistful eye, and took it from the Dutch in 1664, who succeeded, however in recovering it in 1673. Not more than a year after it was ceded again to the British, and underwent a change of name from New Amsterdam to New York, in bonor of James. Duke of York, to whom it was made over by Charles the Second. From this period it began to make progress, although slowly, in buildings, population and muni- cipal arrangements The city prior to British rule (that is, in 1656) was laid out in streets, some of them crooked enough, and contained *'one hundred and twenty houses with extensive garden lots," and about one thousand inhabitants. In 1677 another esti- mate reports that it comprised three hundred and sixty-eight houses while its assessed property amounted to ninety-five thousands pounds sterling. During the military rule of Governer Colve, who held the city for one year under the above-mentioned capture for the States of Holland, everything partook of a military character, and the laws still in preservation at Albany show the energy DENTISTRY ■«•»»■»■ This method of constructing artificial Dentures combines four important advantages not previously attained. First. — By means of a beautiful flesh colored enamel, the Teeth are garnished with an artificial continuous gum roof and rugae of the mouth, (without seam or crevice) with ail the delicate tints and shades peculiar to those of nature. Second. — A truthful expression is given to the Teeth, by arranging them either symmetrically or irregularly, as different persons may require. Third. — The sunken portions of the faee can be restored by means of attachments, or prominence made upon the Denture, of such form and sij-.e as meet the requirements of each particularease. Fourth. — No metal plate or unnatural appearing substance can be seen in the moutb of the wearer, when laughing, singing or yawning. In short the inventors copy from nature in thus truth- fully representing the dental organs, and restoring the natural form and expression oJ the mouth and lace. The Off cial Eeports (with corresponding awards) from Europe and America upon Artificial Dentistry, are as follows : Report from the Paris Universal Exposition, 1867, Class G, Group 2 The Jury on Dentistry at the Champ de Mars report that— "The Specimens of < oiiiii.uous gum fete ol Teeth upon platinum plate by J. Allen & Son. of New York, are incomparably the most beautiful pieces exhibited." Le Ministre Vice-Pi ei-ident de la Ccmminiivn Imperial, Paris le ler Jtilliet. 1867. DE FOREADE. Report from the Judges on Dentistry, American Inst. N.Y. Oct. 1867 Case No. 508, Mounted Artificial Teeth, on Platinum Base, by y. Allen 6° Son, No. 22 Bond Street, Neva York City. \ The best on Exhibition. Their merits are strength, durability, cleanliness and adaptation to every conceivable physiognomical requirements of the Teeth, and Color of the Gums. HORACE GREELEY. President. JOHN W. CHAMBERS, Recording Secretary. The following Complimentary Card from Paris coroborates the foregoing Reports. Paris, December 26, 1867. The undersigned Dentists hereby certify that they examined all the Artificial Dentures exhibited at the Universal Exhibition of If 67. in this City, and they unhesitatingly state that the specimens of Continuous Gum Work, exhibited by Dr. John Allen & Son, of New York, were beyond comparison the finest on exhibition. Dr. J. B Ralenstkin, 8 Boul. des Capucines. Chas. A. Du Bodchet, M.D., D.D.S., 3 Rue de la Paix. E. B. Loud, 11 Boulevard Malesherbes. Drs. Parmily, 35 Boul. des Capucines. Wm. Imris, 42 Rue de Luxembourg. Nblson B. Gregory, 42 Rue de Luxembourg. J. W: Crane, 21 Boul. des Capucines. M. Delapibrre, Surg. Dentist in Chief to Hospitals in Brussels, Belgium MANY OTHER REPORTS, MEDALS, ETC., MAY BE SEEN AT. No. 22 Bond Street, New York City, J. ALLEN & SON. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 33 of a rigorous discipline. Then the Dutch Mayor, at the head of the city militia, held his daily parades before the City Hall (Stadt Huys,) then at ( 'oenties Slip ; and every evening at sunset he received from the principal guard of the fort, called the hoofd-wagt, the keys of the city, and thereupon proceeded with a guard of six, to lock the city gates ; then to place a biirger-tvagt, a citizen guard, as night watch, at assigned places. The same mayors also went the rounds at sunrise to open the gates, and to restore the keys to the officers of the fort. In 1683 the first constitutional assembly, consisting of a council of ten and eighteen representatives, was elected to aid in the administration of public affairs. In this year the ten original counties were organised. In 1685, on the de- mise of Charles II., the Duke of York ascended the throne, with the title of James II. This bigoted monarch signalized himself by forbidding the establishment of a printing-press in the colony. Governor Dongan was far better than his sovereign, and at length was recalled, in consequence of his remonstrances against other arbitrary measures he was instructed to carry out with regard to the confederate Indian tribes and the Jesuits. Andros was appointed to supercede him, but his also was but a short reign, for the populace grew disaffected and in a civil commotion, one Jacob Leisler, a Dutch mer- chant, was proclaimed leader, and ultimately invested with the reins of government. He also summoned a convention of deputies from those portions of the province over which his influence extended. This convention levied taxes and adopted other measures for the temporary government of the colony, and, thus, for the first time in its existence, was the colony of New York under a free government. The strong prejudices, however, which had been awakened by Leisler's measures soon produced in the minds of his adversaries a rancorous bitterness which was perhaps never surpassed in the annals of any political controversy. This condition of things existed for nearly two years. To the horrors of civil commotion were added the miseries of hostile invasion by the French in Canada. The earliest dawn of intellectual light— for the diffusion of popular intelligence had been heretofore wholly neglected, B '• % WmMm W?mwwmw,0?B§ ORIENTAL CREAM, OE Removes, Freckles, Tan, Moth Patches, etc., 48 BOND STREET, N. T. ESTABLISHED 1839. MISS E. GOLDSMITH, Respectfully informs the traveling public that she continues her business of DRESS MAKING TO ORDER AND READY MADE DRESSES, 14 East 15 th Street, Fourth House from Tiffany 9 s By the aid of competent assistants and personal attention to business, I feel confident that all my work will be done in a superior manner and at exceedingly reasonable prices. PHILLIPS' PATENT HOOK & CLASP TAGS, PHILLIPS &. CO. MANUFACTURERS 13(H) Broadway, NEW YORK. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 35 was the establishment of a free grammar school in 1702. In 1725, the first newspaper made its appearance, and four years later, the city received the donation of a Public Library of 1642 volumes from England. In 1732, a public Classical Academy was founded by law ; and with the advance of general intelligence came a higher appreciation of popular rights. But New York was destined to be con- vulsed by a series of commotions ; and among them the memorable one known as the Negro Plot, which resulted in a great destruction of life. The trade of New York increased. Her ships were already seen in many foreign ports ;. neither Boston or Philadelphia surpassed her in the extent of her commercial operations. Provisions, linseed oil, furs, lumber and iron, were the prin- cipal exports. From 1749 to 1750, two hundred and eighty six vessels left New York with cargoes principally of flour and grain. In 1755, nearly thirteen thousand hogsheads of flax seed were shipped abroad. The relations of the colonies with the mother country were assuming a serious aspect. In 1765, a congress of delegates met at New York, and prepared a declaration of their rights and grievances. The arrival of the stamped paper, so noto- rious in the colonial annals of America, towards the end of this year, marked the commencement of a series of explo- sions that were not to terminate until the city and colony of New York, in common with the other colonies, were forever rent from the dominion of Great Britain. The non-importa- tion agreements of the merchants of New York, and other places, in 1768, were followed by stringent measures on the part of the British government. On the 28th of June, 1776, the British army and fleet, which had been driven from the city and harbor of Boston, entered the southern bay of New York. The troops were landed on Staten Island. On the 22d of August, the British forces crossed the Narrows and encamped near Brooklyn, where the American army was stationed. The battle of Long Island ensued, in which, owing to unfortunate circum- stances, the Americans were entirely defeated. Washington with consummate skill, crossed the river the succeeding night, without observation ; but the previous disasters, and the subsequent landing of the British troops at Kip's Bay, rendered it impossible to save the city. \Mta4i .# •;« Furrier, Manufacturer and Importer, 39 MAIDEN LANE, N, Y. A Large assortment of Ladies' and Misses' Fine Furs, manufactured by ourselves, expressly for First Class Retail Trade.*. All goods guaranteed as represented. We most respectfully invite the public to an examination. FRED'K A. O, $m$ortei[ of §ieriqatj f <$rmch m\A ^nglistf TOYS, Leather Goods, Musical Boxes, Hand Organs, Mechanical Toys, etc. Depot for Baby Carriages, Spring Horses, Velocipedes, Croquet Games, 4c. Visitors are respectfully invited to c»ll at this, THK LARGEST TOY STORK IN THK CITY, to examine the new Goods constantly arriving by steamer. 765 BROADWAY, between 8th and 9th Streets. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 37 For eight years New York was the head-quarters of the British troops, and the prison-house of American captives. Public buildings were despoiled, and churches converted into hospitals and prisons A fire in 1776 sweeping along both sides of Broadway, destroyed one-eighth the buildings of New York. On the 25th of November, 1783, the forces of Great Britain evacuated the city, and Washington and the Gover- nor of the State, made a public and triumphal entry. This important national event, forming the brighest day in the American calender, is annually celebrated with appro- priate military pomp and parade In ten years after the war of independence, New York had doubled its inhabitants. Yet the city had repeatedly suffered from the scourge of the yellow fever, from calami- tous fires, &c. Notwithstanding all, its commercial enter- prise has been rapidly and largely increasing, while its ship- ping has gallantly spread over every sea, and won the admiration of the world. The first establishment of regular lines of packets to Europe originated with New York, and it is also claimed for her the honor of the first experiments in steam-navigation. Improvements hitherto had been principally connected with foreign commerce. But an impulse was now to be given to inland trade by the adoption of an extensive system of canal navigation Several smaller works were cast into the shade by the completion of the gigantic Erie Canal, in 1825. The union of the Atlantic with the Lakes, was an- nounced by the firing of canon along the whole line of the canal and of the Hudson, and was celebrated at New York by a magnificent aquatic procession, which to indicate more clearly the navigable communication that had been opened, deposited in the ocean a portion of the waters of Lake Erie. Municipal history is a narrative of alternate successes and reverses. For many years nothing had occurred to mar the prosperity of the city. Again misfortune came. In 1832 the Asiatic cholera appeared, and 4360 persons fell victims to the disease. This calamity had scarcely passed, when the great fire of 1835 destroyed in one night, more than 600 buildings, and property to the value of $20,000,000. The city had not recovered from the effects of this disaster, when the commercial revulsions of 1836 and 1837 shook public and MME. ROULLIER-AUGIER, BALL, EVENING AND DINNER DRESSES, Of French Importation, 17 East Seventeenth St. Walter Reid, GARDENER AND FLORIST, 34th and 42nd Streets and Broadway, Floral Designs ofEverj Description, FOR WEDDIHCS, PARTIES OR FUNERALS, ^c^avc/end tat'd cat cP J&tan/d o/ati fitncw /amidnea ROCK WORK For Lain Decorations of an Entirely new Character, Any information about (Plants cheerfully given. GLAZE & SON, Late 0. Pacalin & C. Ravaux, Fine Boots and Shoes, Opposite (Bond Street. JJew York. HISTORY OF NEW YOHK. 39 private credit to their centre, and involved many of the most wealthy houses of New York in hopeless bankruptcy. The completion of the Croton Aqueduct, in 1842, re- moved the inconvenience of a deficiency of water, and left an imperishable monument to the glory of New York. A temporary check to the progress of the city was sus- tained by the great fire of 1845, which destroyed property to the extent of about $7,000,000 ; but shortly afterwards a new and vigorous impulse was again given to the commercial enterprise of the metropolis, by the constant influx of gold from the seeming exhaustless resources of the El Dorado of the Pacific. GENERAL VIEW. The City of New York, from its geographical position having become the great centre of commercial enterprise, is justly regarded as the Metropolitan City of the New World. In mercantile importance it bears the same relation to the United States that London does to Great Britain. Its past history is replete with interest, for it has been the theatre of some of the most important events that pertains to our country's memorable career : and although it possesses fewer historic shrines than are to be found in many cities of the Old World, yet its chronicles still live as treasured relics in the hearts of its people, and on the page of its national re- cords. If we take a retrospective glance, we shall find that a little more than two centuries ago, this island of Manna- hata — its earliest recorded name — had its birth-day of civili- zation in a few rude huts, and a fort situated where the Bowling Green now stands ; and in this comparatively brief interval in the life time of a nation, it has bounded from the infant Dorp or village into a noble city of palaces, with its half million of inhabitants. It is now the greatest workshop of the Western World — the busy hive of industry, wrth its tens of thousands of artizans, mechanics and merchants, send- ing out to all sections of its wide-spread domain, the magic of machinery for all departments of handicraft, and argosies of magnificent vessels for garnering in the wealth of foriegn climes. 51 MAIDEN LANE, Manufacturer of Fine Furs, t Have on hand a large assortment of Ladies' Misses', and Gents' Furs, Sleigh Robes, etc., manufactured expressly for first-class trade, both lor wholesale and retail. if. IE IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN mmm mm mmm RIBBONS, VELVETS, REPS, DRESS TRIMMINGS, FRENCH FANCY GOODS, &c 879 BROADWAY Bet 18th and 19th Street NEW YORK N. B. Special attention given to Making up Articles for Ladies' Evening Wear, Overskirts, Chemisettes, Caps, &c. in Laces, Muslin and Tulles, in the Latest Styles. CHAS. ROGERS & CO. Importers of French, English and German if©ir <»©©©_, And Manufacturers oi' Human Hair, &c. WHOLESALE STORE, 317 CANAL ST. RETAIL STORE 383 6tll AVE One Block west of Broadway. Bet. 2Srd and 2ith St. CHARLES ROGERS. HENRY ROGERS. IB. EISIG, 2 IS Sixth Avenue, Bet. i A t/>. and i^a streets. New Yorh. Trimmings, Laces, Embroideries, Small Wares, k, DOflC X3L-XLi.XI?«"3ES3RLlir. DRESS MAKERS' MATERIALS, PARASOLS, SWISS CARVED GOODS, KNITTING AND ZEPHYR WORSTED. Kp 3 A Liberal Discount to Fairs and Schools. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 41 If we glance prospectively, how we shall venture to limit its progressive march in opulence and greatness ? In less than half a century hence, it will doubtless double its present numerical importance. As illustrations of the enor- mous increase in the value of real estate, it may be mentioned that a lot on the northwest corner of Chambers Street and Broadway, was purchased by a gentleman who died in 1858, for $1,000. Its present value is now estimated at no less a sum than $150,000. The site on which the new Herald Building now stands was lately purchased by James Gordon Bennett, Esq., for four hundred thousand dollars paid to Barnum for an un- expired lease of thirteen years, held at the time his American Museum was burned. Also the lot immediately adjoining this, with a frontage of less than sixty feet on Broadway, was sold at auction a short time since for three hundred and ten thousand dollars. ! A little more than two centuries since, the entire site of this noble city was purchased of the Indians for what was equivalent to the nominal sum of twenty-four dollars. Now the assessed value of its real estate exceeds five hundred millions. If such vast accessions of wealth have characterized the liistory of the past, who shall compute the constantly augmenting resources of its onward course ? Half a century ago, the uses of the mighty agents of steam and the electric current were unknown: now the whole surface of our vast country is threaded over with a network of railroads, and our seas, lakes and rivers are thickly studded with steamers ; stately vessels, freighted with the fruits of commerce, all tending to this city as the central mart of trade. Half a century ago it took weeks to transmit news from New York to New Orleans — now our communications are conveyed over the length aud breadth of the land almost with the velocity of the lightning's flash. Within a like interval the most rapid printing-press was slowly worked by hand power. Now the winged messengers of intelligence are multiplied with the marvellous rapidity of 60,000 copiee an hour While the mechanic arts have thus revolutionized the social con- dition of the past, a corresponding change has marked its history, in the establishment of numerous schools of learning diffusing their beneficent influence on the minds and morals of the masses. M'MES PORTER & DO ANE, 949 Broadway and 179 Fifth Avenue, ONE BLOCK SOUTH OF THE FIFTH AVENUE HOTEL. Mrs. W m. A. Moore, PARIS MILLINERY, Jiff. 12&G ^raudwag, Bet. 33d & 34th Streets. NEW YORK. MLLE. SNEDDEN, Millinery, 183 Fifth Avenue & 953 Broadway, New York. M. & E. JEFFERYS, Millinery Sf Dress Making 21 BREVOORT PLACE, East Tenth St., near Broadway, NEW YORK. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 43 Then, again, as respects its costly stores and private resi- dences, New York" seems to vie with London and Paris. All along Broadway, and its intersecting streets, the eye is greeted everywhere by long lines of marble and stone build- ings, many of them of great architectural elegance The several broad Avenues and Squares in the upper part of the city are studded with a succession of splendid mansions — in some instances costing from $50,000 to $200,000 each. There are, it is estimated, some three hundred churches, many of them of costly and magnificent proportions ; while its superb hotels— -the boast of the metropolis — are, in some instances, capable of accommodating about one thousand guests. How mighty and far-reaching must its influences become in its future progress, it were difficult to compute ; since its numerical extent, numbering at present, if we include Brooklyn and the adjacents places on the west, over a mil- lion of souls, will ere long place it in the scale of cities of the world, in the foremost rank. NEW YORK AS IT IS. Society in New York has many phases — it is cosmopolitan and amalgam, composed of all imaginable varieties and shades of character. It is a confluence of many streams, whose waters are ever turbid and confused in their rushing to this great vortex. What incongruous elements are here commingled — the rude and the refined, the sordid and the self-sacrificing, the religious and the profane, the learned and the illiterate, the affluent and the destitute, the thinker and the doer, the virtuous and the ignoble, the young and the aged, all nations, dialects and sympathies, all habits, manners and customs of the civilized globe. City life everywhere presents protean aspects. Let us take a glance at some ol its more striking features, notwithstand- ing the mixed multitudes that are incessantly thronging its various avenues. There are yet certain localities that exhibit MANUFACTURERS* DEALERS XX No. 3 ASTOR PLACE, Near Broadway, (FROM PARIS) IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF Himafl Hair Goods WHOLESALE & RETAIL. Braids, Natural Curls, Cliignons, Wigs, kt f ON HAND AtfD TO OEDEB. IMPORTER OF JENETIAN BEADS. ^65 BROADWAY Bet. Sth and 91b St. 3kt:ew "yoirjk:. NEW YORK !•» Importers of AND LACE GOODS, Opp. A. T. Stewart & Co. ALEX, BECKERS' PATENT Revolving Stereoscopes FOB 50 to 1000 PIOTDEES. §60 BROADWAY, Btt. Spring & Piinae Sis. NEW YORK R. A. OLMSTEAD, Manufacturer of and Wholesale* Retail Dealer in all grades at Hoop Skirts, Corsets, &c. 781 BROADWAY, near 10th St., N. 7. Opp. A. T. Stewart & CcPt Entrance mt Side Door. HEADQUARTERS FOR ALL THE NOVELTIES. OftlGINATOR OP *HE CBLKBRATBT> " PANIER MUSLIN FRONT KOOPJSKIRTS " And the only Minufacturer ot a Practical Skirt of thU kind. Beware of IMITATIONS of our Goods. BERNARD &. B0STET, 6AME0 LIKENESSES CUT OK SHELLS k PRECIOUS STONES. 599 Broadway, New York. U).S.BIIP!LI@T©EI<8@, Import ers & Manufacture™ of jfioo $?plil | {{siMing $|as$efe3, Sunlights, Reflectors, Illuminated Signs, Emblems, etc. 611 & 613 BROADWAY, Cor. Houston St., NEW YORK. Improvements in Lighting and Ventilating Public Botldinj and Private ResidVncet, Patented In the United Statu, ' England, France and Germany, HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 45 distinct characteristics : life in Wall Street presents an epitomized view of its mercantile phase. Here are its banks, its money-exchanges, and their great place of rendezvous, the Exchange ; beneath the dome of which many mighty projects have had their birth. Here have been concocted vast schemes of commercial enterprise, and here, too, have originated many noble acts of public benefaction. Up Nassau Street, to its junction with Chatham Street, of mock-auction notoriety, we catch a glimpse of another phase of city life. To denizens of New York, society is usually known under the generic divisions of Broadway and Bowery. Each has its distinct idiosyncracies ; the former being regarded as patrician, and the latter as plebeian. Looking at, New York longitudinally, we may say that Fourteenth Street, at piesent, marks the boundary of the great workehop. In the precincts of Madison Square and the Filth Avenue, we find monuments of the wealth, taste, and splendor of its citizens. The southern part of the city — its original site — exhibits all kinds of irregularity — the streets are narrow, sinuous and uneven in their surface ; but the northern or upper portion is laid out in right angles. There are some twelve fine avenues, at parallel distances apart of about 800 feet. There are about 300 miles of paved streets in the Metropolis, extending to Fifty-ninth Street ; exclusive of projected streets not yet paved, over 100 streets more. The city has been laid out and surveyed to the extent of 12 miles from the Battery. Perhaps the densest parts of the metropolis, — its very heart, from whence issues the vitalizing tide of its commerce — is the junction of Broadway and Fulton streets, and its vicinity. The collision of interests which all the stir and traffic of those crowded streets involve, brings human nature into strong relief, and intensifies the lights and shades of character. It is in these dusty avenues to wealth — these vestibules where fraud contends with honor for an entrance into the temple, that we read the heart of man better than in books. The great characteristic of New York is din and excite- ment, — everything to be done in a hurry, — all is intense anxiety. It is especially noticeable in the great thoroughfare 917 Broadway, Near Twenty-first St. NEW YORK. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in WORSTED EMBROIDERIES, Kid Gloves and Dress Gaps. Dress Trimmings Made to order, M.E.laCOUR'S HAIR STORE, No. 423 6th Ave. WASHBURNE, TELE Weather Yane Maker, No. 4CourtdlandtSt., N. Y. Send for Illustrated Catalogue. Bat. 25th & 26th Sts, NEW YORK. IIGuarantee First Quality of Hair r And Sell Cheaper than Elsewhere in the City Hair Dressing and all Ornamental Hair WORK. FASHIONABLE Q^ladek 7 No. IS CLINTON PLACE, A few doors from Broadway. ESTABLISHED 1819. THE NEW-YORK jjjpiij I f iktlq |$UUiftate&t, STATED ISLAJTSTD- Officesforthe Reception & Delivery of Goods- 98 Duane St near Broadway. ~) 752 B'oaalwo.y near Eighth St. \ [\cw York. 610 Sixth Ave. near 36«7i St. J 16G X 168 JPierrepont St. Brooklyn. 40 JYorth Eighth St. Philadelphia* Oyis Cleanse, and retiuish Ladles' and Gentlemen's Qarmenti and piece good* oJ all Modi in their usu-il supevlor manner. H. JANTZEN, Ladies' & Gent's Fashionable oot & Sta later, 284: SIXTH A VE. Near 18th Street, NEW YORK CORNWELL'S M#-)iittw} laist & Moulder Every Lady can do her own Dress Fitting to a certainty by means of the above Chart- Dresses Cut and Baisted at No. 16 CLINTON PLACE. A. J. GRIPPE* A CO. J* eUJ Y ° rk jghotojuaplpc fperhb, tjgi (Broadway J7. Y. Opp. Metropolitan Hotel. CHROMOS & j^RAMES. ^TEr^EOSCOPES ANDyiEWS, ^LEUMS, Graptioscoues, Megalettioscopes, and PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS. Qhe ^rade Supplied. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 47 of Broadway, where the noise and confusion caused by the incessant passing and repassing of some 20,000 vehicles a day render it a Babel scene of confusion. New York has ever been, and justly, renowned for its catholic and liberal public benefactions and charities. Among her many glories this is most conspicuous. New York may be called the asylum for the oppressed and distressed of all nations. Abounding in beneficent institutions suited to the relief of the various "ills that flesh is heir to," and enriched with the most liberal endowments for classical and popular instruction, she bears the palm in all that pertains to the moral, intellectual, and physical advancement of society. It is true we are a mercantile and money-making people, but the empire city is an illustration of some of its noblest uses. By way of introduction to the city in detail, vve recom- mend the visitor first to get a bird's-eye view of it from the steeple of Trinity Church. A view from this elevation over 280 feet in height, affords a good idea of the general extent and topography of the city. The tower is accessible to the public at any time of the day, excepting the hours devoted to divine setvice, morning and afternoon. To facilitate he ascent of the church tower there are landing places. At the first of these you have a fine view of the interior of this cathedral - Hke edifice ; at the next resting-place is the belfry, with its solemn chimes Here, too, is a balcony, allowing us a first view of the city. Still higher up we gain a magnificent panoramic view of all we have left below us, — which amply repays our toilsome tour of many steps. The variegated scene stretches out in every direction, with new beauties, — north and south lies Broad- way, with its teeming multitudes and its numberless vehicles ; west and east are crowded streets of house-tops, terminating only with the waters of the inclosing waters. Looking east- ward, we see Wall Street immediately below us, with the Treasury Building on the left, and a little further on the right the Custom House, the Wall Street Ferry, and the East River, which separates New York from Brook- lyn, with the New York Bay stretching to the southeast, Sandy Hook, the Highlands of Neversink, and the coast of Staten Island. To the north-east, the eastern district of Brooklyn, formerly known as Williamsburgh, the Navy Yard, 2a,Una and Que Boxes, Faro Layouts, &c.,&c. (I.ate at Mme. A. G. Rn>eell,) Rotes et lanteanx 70 UNIVERSITY PLACE, Bet. 12th & 18th Sts.. NEW YORK. HAIR! HAIR! HAIR! EaUAL TO HUMAN HAIK. Can he Comhed and Brushed. Switches $1, &c. Iluman Hair Cheapest in the Market. Solid Switches 1 yard long, $3, French Twist $4, Curls $1 and upwards. Lidies' Own Hair made over, 25 cents. Latest Styles always on hand. Highest Prices paid for Human Hair, 352 BOWERY, near Great Jones Street, AND 363 SIXTH AVENUE, bet. 22d t 23i Sts. New York. Sole Agent for F. Coudray's Creme Blanche and F. Coudray's Hair Tonic. MME. WEBB, iitii i §m iiiii Also Designer of ^AFEF^ j^ATTERNS, For Ladies and Children, Bet. 11th & 12th St?. HISTORY OF NEW YORK. 49 called Hurl-gate, so perilous to our Dutch forefathers ; near by Randall and Blackwell's Islands, with their City Asylum. Transferring our gaze to Broadway, we notice the Equitable Life Insurance Building, and Mutual Life Insurance Co.'s Building, which stand higher than all others, and on the next street the National Metropolitan Bank. Passing several fine marble buildings, we notice the Herald and Park Bank Buildings, corner of Ann Street, on the east side of Broadway, and opposite to them, St. Paul's Church, then the Astor House, the New Post Office in the Park in course of erection, and the City Hall; the brown stone building on the east side being that of the Times Office. Beyond the City Hall inclosure is Stewart's marble palace, then the City Hospital, surrounded with trees, and opposite it Judge Whiting's fine marble building; further north are numerous elegant stores including Lord & Taylor's marble edifice, St. Nicholas Hotel, the Metropolitan, the Grand Central Hotel, and Stewart's Marble Palace, corner of Tenth Street occu- pying one entire block, and the largest Dry Goods Esta- blishment in the World; and still further on in the distance, Grace Church, with its beautiful white spire, Union Park, &c. Turning to the opposite point of view, the Hudson river, with Jersey City, and Hoboken, with its beautiful walks, its distant hills and valleys; on this side of the river the steamers, ships and docks. This superb river has been often compared with the Rhine for its picturesque beauty. We can here get but a faint idea of it, for its bold "scenery is seen only after journeying some forty miles to the north ; we catch merely a glimpse of the Palisades, beginning at Weehawken and extending about twenty miles. Veering to the south, we see the fortified islets of the lower bay, with Staten Island, Richmond, &c, with their numerous picturesque cottages, villas, and castellated mansions, and to the south-west, the Raritan bay, the Passaic river, leading to Newark in the distance. ysuk & mm rnkmrnm TEA SETS, &c >« WITH CO ® ■ FRENCH CHINA, CUT ATsTID ENGRAVED GLASSWARE, Cutlep v y, Plated Waf^e, Fancy Poods, Clocks, - - - - Bronzes, . - - .- Parian, CHANDELIERS AND GAS FIXTURES, Fine Goods, Truly Represented at LOW PRICES. IR/TXIFTTS IMI. BIRTTlsriDia-IEJ, Xxaa. porter, 919 Broadway, Cor. 21st St., N. Y. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. Established 1S06. Robert A. Ridley Wm. A. Fritz. % m Cor. Chambers & Hudson Sts. And 1149 BROADWAY, bet. 26th and 27th Streets, Wm. Kennedy. Wm. force. MADAME GRAY. i p ■ s I § 1 § *■ May be Consulted for all SSI&S15 «f «'SE SSXH & Loss of Hair and Premature Baldness. *> EZRODVC lO TO 5 D-A-IT-TXr- SOLE AGENT FOR DEFARGE'S FRENCH COSMETICS. 31 LAFAYETTE PLACE, NEW YORK. 51 CENTRAL PARK. ORIGIN AND EARLY HISTORY About the year 1830 the city of New York started from the quiet and steady progress that thus far had been its characteristic, and, with a suddeness almost startling, took the place, which it still holds, and will continue to maintain, as the Metropolis of the Western Hemisphere. This change came so quickly that in a short time the entire elements of the city underwent a complete transform- ation. Business grew rapidly, population came pouring in from all sides, buildings increased, and business interests be- gan that demand which is still unsatisfied, upon the premises used for residences. The city was soon deprived of the quiet gardens and detached dwellings that had afforded an opportunity for pure air, their places being filled by solid blocks of houses and stores that increased the evil then plain- ly apparent of the want of breathing space, As population increased, it became a settled fact, that for the majority of the people, especially for those of limited means, escape from the city for a little rest or recreation was almost an impossibility. There was no place within the city limits in which it was pleasant to walk or ride ; no water on which it was safe to row, no play ground for children, no spot for the weary to rest body or brain in the contempla- tion of the beauties of nature. The localities accessible by water were too remote, or not of good repute ; and to the north of the city, there was only a barren waste, save for those whose means and leisure afforded a private equipage wherewith to enjoy the drives on Harlem Lane, and the Bloomingdale Road. These facts, developed in the public mind a longing for a place where fresh air, grass, trees, and flowers, might be enjoyed with little loss of time, and expenditure of money. It was about the year 1848 that the people of New York, began to find that something must be done to supply this daily growing want. PATTERN » 14 lltAIW Between 20th & 21st Streets, IMPORTER OJF Paris, Berlin and London Styles. PATTERNS of them furnished and CLOTH MODELS given with each Pattern to show exactly how to make and finish the garment cut by the pattern correctly. They are perfect guides to work by. tt needs no knowledge of dressmaking to complete any garment successfully by them. One Dollar a Year. Single Copy 25 Cents. JPRICMilTXMI. — Any Two Patterns contained in the "Bazaar" maybe selected as, Premium. Subscription and order for Pi emium Patterns, must be sent at the same time, also two stamps for return postage. It is the only fashion publication in this country that Imports styles and sells patterns of them. It is a perfect guide in all matters of fashion. It is from four weeks to two months in advance of the sharpest costume importer. It isjust such help as every lady needs. Millions of money has been saved by it, in giving Styles sooner, and at one hundred times less cost. Nine-tenths of the styles that reach this country from abroad are brought here through this Magazine. THE AMERICAN NEWS CO. SUPPLY THI TRADE. {Si^ Catalogue of Fall and Winter Styles mailed upon receipt of stamp and address. Be particular to address very plainly. A. BURBETTE SMITH, n ,«* NEW YORK. CENTRAL PARK. 53 During this year,Mr. A. J. Downing first gave public ex- pression, through the columns of the "Horticulturist" to this universal want of a great public park. In 1850 he made a voyage to E ngland for the purpose of observing the pro- gress there made in architecture and landscape gardening, and finding much in the public parks to excite his admira- tion and command attention, he again and more thoroughly advocated the idea he had already advanced, of a park for New York. In 1851, Mr. A. C. Kingsland, then Mayor of the city, recommended to the common council that there should be prompt and efficient action taken upon the subject. This was the key-note from which the press and people took up the strain, and from that time it was a foregone conclusion that the people of New York must have a public park, ade- quate to their wants and worthy of the fame of the metro- polis. After many vicissitudes of a legislative character, and much discussion as to the location, the legislature passed an act on the twenty-first of July, 1853, authorising the city to take possession of the ground now known as the Central Park. The first commission, consisting of the Mayor Fernando Wood, and the Street Coinmissoner, was appointed May 19, 1856; they, desiring advice and assistance in the discharge of their duties, invited a board of seven gentlemen, of which Washington Irving was President, to consult with them upon the measures necessary to be taken to adapt the land the city had acquired, to the purposes of the Park. Under this organization a topographical survey of the site was begun, and the outline of a plan of improvements proposed, which however, was afterwards set aside. In April, 1857, the management of the enterprise, was placed by the legislature in the hands of a special commission of eleven citizens, under which organization the formation ot the park was begun, and continued until 1870, when, under the " New Charter," it was superseded by the Department of Public Parks, under the Presidency of Mr. Peter B. Sweeny. In 1871 this Board was reconstructed so as to contain a majority of the original commission. The first act of the Central Park Commission of 1857, was to C. G-. Guntlier's Sons, FUR DEALERS -AJNTDD FURRIERS, 502 & 504 Broadway GENT'S FURS, FUR ROBES AND SKINS. Importers, Manufacturers and Shippers of Saw Furs. Only Successors to the House Established in 1820, by Christian G. Gunther. BENJ N PIKE'S SON, OPVICIAN, Importer, Manufacturer and Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Mathematical, Optical, AND PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENTS, Mo. SIS BMASWAY, HEW ¥©RK, (Opposite St. Nicholas Hotel.) Microscopes, Telescopes, Opera and Field Glasses, Baro- meters, Thermometers, and Surveying Instruments. Spectacles and Eye Glasses, with Brazilian Pebbles ofthe Finest Quality, $5 per pair, CENTRAL PARK. 55 advertise for new plans, and on the twenty-first of April, 1858, a selection was made from thirty-three that had been submitted: the successful one being the united work of Mr, Frederick Law Olmsted and Mr. Calvert Vaux. The wis- dom of the selection is now apparent in the successful fulfilment of the plan selected, which has been carried out in all its essential features, save at the upper end of the Park, where its extension from 106th to 110th Streets rendered an entire modification necessary. LOCATION AND AREA. The Park occupies the paralellogram included within 59th Street on the south, 1 10th Street on the north, Fifth Avenue on the east, and Eighth Avenue on the west. The entire area is eight hundred and forty-three acres, of which one hundred and forty -one acres are occupied by the Croton Reservoirs, over forty-three acres by the waters of the Parks and of the remaining space, one hundred and three acres are in drives, bridle-roads, and walks. COST. The total cost of the land .... $5,028,844.10 The total expenditure for construction from May 1, 1857, to January 1, 1872, . . 7,419,798.40 Total cost of the Park, January 1, 1872, $12,448,642.50 As an offset to this expenditure, we must consider the increased value of the land contained in the three wards ad- joining the Park. The following statement will explain itself. Assessed value in 1871 .... $185,801,195. 00 " " 1856 26,429,565 00 Increased valuation $159,371,630. 00 Total increased tax in three wards, $3,469,520. 38 Less interest on cost of land and improvements, 742,924. 41 Excess of increased tax in three wards ) ^o w 9fi r^r Q w over interest in costof land & impv'm'ts, ] *^ < ZD > oyo ' y ' Established 1845 C. W. CKOSX.EY, MANUFACTURER OF GIMP .Sec, fo T,aclies' Dresses. CffipiflKsfFFg %• C||uFr§ trimmings. Store and Mairuilactory, 685 Broadway. Goods made to order. JBJ Established /858. 62 West 14th Street, Wist*** A The Largest Stock and Best Assortment of First Class TRIMMED HATS AND BONNETS IN THE CITY. A Large AsBortmeat Constantly on hand, _^ cr Made to Order. « g-g m2-£ 03 ® Is * "d (^, m TMi ©REi A.LL NOVELTIES. CENTRAL PARK. 59 duties of the police are almost exclusively confined to giving information to visitors ; it being a part of their prescribed duties to give full and complete replies to all questions re- garding the Park. The universal public testimony is, that for courtesy and efficiency the Park police cannot be sur- passed. GATEWAYS AND APPROACHES The greatest number of persons and carriages enter the Park by the Scholars' Gate, at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. The improvements now in progress are rapidly making this gateway worthy of the notable avenue it adorns, and ere long it will be one of the most imposing of all the Park entrances. Its surroundings include an open plaza on the opposite corner, which greatly heightens the effect, by permitting a view of the Park from some distance down the avenue. Next in importance, measured by the count of persons and vehicles entering it; is the Merchants' Gate, at the corner of Eighth Avenue and 56th Street, the point where Broadway intersects Eighth Avenue, and from which the grand boulevard runs in a north-westerly direction. To prevent the crowding and confusion that would naturally result from the concentration of so many leading thorough- fares, a Grand Circle, that contributes greatly to the general effect of this entrance, has been laid out' directly opposite the gateway. After those just described, the Farmers' and Warriors' gates on 110th Street — the former at Sixth Avenue and the latter at Seventh Avenue — are of the greatest consequence. These two avenues are being converted into boulevards, and will be planted with double rows of trees, thus com- pleting magnificent drives through Park and Boulevard, from 59th Street to the Harlem River. The improvements now being rapidly pushed forward on all the approaches to the Park, with sleepless energy so indicative of the Metropolitan spirit, are arranged with special reference to its attractions, and will ere long, form worthy setting of the city's gem. The names of the gateways have been a subject of much 870 & 872 BROADWAY, S. E, COR. 18TH ST. Specialty in English Hound Ha:s, for Ladies and Children. In constant receipt of Goods by every steamer. fclrl/] m< 1267 Broadway Liberal Cash Advances made on all kinds of Personal Property, and the Same Bought and Sold. JV. .2?. — j± Separate Apartment for Ladies. 1 Q*?^ Broadway, over tlxe Herald Branch Office. •ffW Ht I* 1111 o. 16 East Fifteenth S Bet. Union Square and Fifth Ave., IFTEENTH pT. NEW YORK. 9£Q>&>m$ ©S? g&mE8c MRS. O. S. GROAT, BALL AND DINNER DRESSES. Cloaks, W alking JSuits, &c. made to order. JTTING AND FITTING* A SPECIAL No. 16 East Fifteenth Street, Bet. Union Square and Fifth Ave., NEW YORK. CENTRAL PARK. 61 interest, and those selected happily illustrate the fact, that the Central Park is the people's pleasure-ground, common to all, regardless of rank or caste. It seems especially fitting that Youth and Age, Peace and War, Art and Litera- ture, Commerce, Mechanics and Husbandry should be represented in these titles, which will eventually be illus- trated by the symbolic architecture of the completed gateways. Below is a list of the names and locations of the several entrances : Fifth Avenue and 59th Street, The Scholars' Gate. Sixth Avenue and 59th Street, The Artists' Gate. Seventh Avenue and 59th Street, The Artisans' Gate. Eighth Avenue and 59th Street, The Merchants' Gate Eighth Avenue and 72 nd Street, The Woman's Gate. Eighth Avenue and 79th Street, The Hunters' Gate. Eighth Avenue and 85th Street, The Mariners' Gate. Eighth Avenue and 96th Street, The Gate of All Saints. Eighth Avenue and 100th Street, The Boys' Gate. Fifth Avenue and 72d Street, The Children's Gate. Fifth Avenue and 79th Street, The Miners' Gate. Fifth Avenue and 90th Street, The Engineers' Gate. Fifth Avenue and 96th Street, The Woodman's Gate. Fifth Avenue and 102d Street, The Girls' Gate. Fifth Avenue and 110th Street, The Pioneers' Gate. Sixth' Avenue and 110th Street, The Farmers' Gate. * Seventh Avenue and 110th Street, The Warriors' Gate. Eighth Avenue and 110th Street, The Strangers' Gate. THOROUGHFARES. The regulations of the Park exclude all vehicles of a. business character from the pleasure drives ; and to obviate the inconvenience incident to the interruption of travel across the city for so great a space, four traverse roads, which are carried entirely across the Park by excavations below the level of the ground, have been constructed for the accommodation of ordinary traffic. So ingeniously have these road-ways been located that the visitor is scarcely aware of their existence, and, indeed, a remarkable aptness has been displayed in the arrangement of all the drives, THE MOST EXTENSIVE AND LUXURIOUS BATHS IN THE UNITED STATES. II & II MAWm «! SVBBBV, HBW Y0&K, ^TONE BLOCK FROM BROADWAY,^ These Baths were the first of the kind ever constructed in this country, and the continuous aud rapidly increasing patronage of the thousands who resort to them, is the best evidence of their worldwide popularity. During the past year, the increase of visitors to these Baths has obliged the pro- prietors to erect an additional Bath Having now Two JBaths we are enabled to regulate the temperature as may be desired. STRANGERS VISITING NEW YORK, Should not fail to indulge in the LUXURY of a BATH AT THIS ESTABLISHMENT. F. WAGNER, lamcs' mi rasBBm AND Manufacturer of Human Hair Goods* The Finest Hair and the Best in Workmanship. THE LARGEST STOCK IN THE CITY, AT VERT MODERATE PRICES. UpStairs. 823 BROADWAY. Up Stairs. THE LATEST FASHIONS RECEIVED FROM PARIS. CENTRAL PARK. 63 bridle-paths and walks, each being so independant of the other that the entire Park may be traversed either on foot, horseback, or in a carriage, without one class interfering with another. There are nine and one-half miles of drives, varying in width from forty-live to sixty feet; there are live and one-half miles of bridle paths, twenty-five feet in width ; and twenty- seven/ and one-half miles of foot walks, the latter following all the drives, but leading as well to many most beautiful spots, which are entirely lost to the visitor who only views the Park from a carriage, THE CROTON RESERVOIRS. These Reservoirs, so prominent in the scenery of the Park, and so important to the health and comfort of the city, were projected, and one of them completed, long before the occupation of the site of the Park for its present purpose. The Old or Lower Reservoir is a parallelogram in form, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six feet long, and eight hundred and thirty-five feet wide, covering an area of thirty- one acres, and capable of containing one hundred and fifty million gallons of water. It is divided into two sections, one with a depth of twenty, and the other of thirty feet. Its walls of solid masonry are twenty feet wide at the top, and gradually increase in thickness toward the base. The new Reservoir was constructed simultaneously with the Park itself, the old one being insufficient for the needs of the increasing population of the city. It lies directly north of the latter, and extends almost the entire width of the Park, having an irregular form and an area of one hun- dred and six acres, with a maximum capacity of one thousand millions of gallons. The summits of the walls of both reser- voirs afford pleasant promenades and extensive views, while the skill of architects and landscape gardeners has rendered the presence of these structures a source of satis- faction rather than regret. GENERAL FEATURES. The Park is so naturally divided into two parts by the New or Upper Reservoir, that by common consent they are DIAMONDS. SMITH & HEDGES, DIAMOND MERCHANTS, 1 Maiden Lane, cor. Broad way, NEW YORK. A FINE STOCK OF GEMS, SET AND UNSET, CONSTANTLY ON HAND. TAYLOR OUSTED & TAYLOR, (Old House of Read, Taylor & Co.) E S T .A. B L I S H E ID , 183*7. Importers arid Jobbers of mmmmM mi mmm vaxct «mb*, Removed from 9 Maiden Lane, to NEW YORK Sole Agents lor .Jaqu.es Laco nitre Razors. CENTRAL PARK. 65 designated the Upper and Lower Park ; this division we ac- cept, and arrange the description accordingly. It is our purpose only to mention the several points of interest as they are encountered in passing from the southern to the northern end of the Park, and not to follow any special route. THE LOWER PARK. This section of the Park is that lying below the New Reservoir, and is the portion upon which the larger amount of labor in the adornment and improvement of the grounds has been expended. The chief features are the Mall, the Terrace, the Lake and the Ramble, all of which, with the other leading points of interest, are noticed in the following pages. THE HUMBOLDT MONUMENT. The first object that attracts attention on entering the Park from Fifth Avenue and Fifty-ninth Street, is a bust in bronze of Alexander Von Humboldt, surmounting a granite pedestal, it is the work ot Professor Blaiser, of Berlin, and was presented by the German citizens of New York. The unveiling of this monument on the fourteenth of September, 18t39, the centennial anniversary of Von Humboldt's birth, was an occasion of great public interest. THE STATUE OF COMMERCE Is appropriately placed near the Merchant's Gate, at the Eighth Avenue and Fitty-ninth Street entrance. It is the gift of Mr. Stephen B. Guion, a native of New York, long resident in Liverpool, and is from the hand of Fosquet, a French artist of reputation and ability. THE POND. In the extreme south-eastern angle of the Park, on the left of the entrance by the Scholars' Gate, the pond forms a pretty and attractive feature in the scenery. It has an ex- tent of about live acres, and is partially artificial, being formed to a great degree by the natural drainage of the ground. In the winter season it is the resort of many skaters, as its proximity to the principal entrance makes it more convenient of access than the larger Lake by the Terrace. Henry C, Letsinger, Manufacturer of LAD:fir East liil St., Bet. Mh Aye. & Broadway, NEW YORK. Miss Borsey, 2? Ewt MOi it. New Y< ork. K. & N. KELLY, Ornamental Human Hair Goofls, 697 Broadway, cor. 4th St. Up Stairs, and 42 Spring St., N. Y. A LARGE AND BEAUTIFUL ASSORTMENT OF Switches, Ghatlaine Braids, Centre Curls, Long Water Curls, and Frizzes. Hair Dressing* Orders promptly attended to. Established in 1823. JOHN P. MOORE'S SONS, RIFLES, PISTOLS, AGENTS FOK Colt's Patent Fire Arms Company, National Revolvers, Whitney's Re- volvers. National Derringers ; Eley's Wads, Caps, &c. Edward Miller. No, 4 Astor Piace, Pfs&R Broadway I. SEUNQHELM, (nventor of Fashions, Importer and Manufacturer of all kinds of P fl NEW YORK. Ladies' Dress & Mourning Caps, RIBBONS, lUfflH k FEATHERS, 359 SIXTH AVE., Bet. 2'2d & 23d Sts., New Yohk. Straw TIats anil Bonnets ('loaned, Altered and Dyed to the Latest Style. wmmmw Koran French Dressmaker, 246 Fourth Avenue, Near the Clarendon and Everitt Hotel, New- York. CENTRAL PARK. 67 THE MUSEUM. A short distance north-east of the Pond, and near the Fifth Avenue boundary, is the old Arsenal, now known as " The Museum." It was formerly owned by the State, but was purchased by the city in 1 850 for the sum of two hun- dred and seventy-live thousand dollars. The first floor is mainly devoted to the office's of administration of the Park , the centre portion, however, is open to visitors, and contains a copy of Houdin's bronze statue of Washington, a statue of Columbus, in marble, by Miss Emma Stebbins, and several other interesting objects. The second and third floors are devoted to a collection of prepared specimens of animals, birds, fish, reptiles and shells, that forms the beginning of the American Museum of Natural History, for which a build- ing has been projected on Manhattan Square. The Meteor- ological Observatory finds accommodation in a large upper room, where a number of curious instruments record the doings of wind and weather. It is the intention of the com- missioners to add an Astronomical Observatory, when the necessary buildings shall have been provided. In and around the Museum are kept the already large number of animals that form the nucleus of the collection for the Zoological Gardens proposed to be hereafter established. Nearly all these animals have been donated to the Park, and form not the least of its many attractions. THE DAIRY Is a picturesque Gothic structure, situated directly north of the pond and contiguous to the south transverse road, which is so connected that all supplies may be received independ- ently of the Park thoroughfares. Here pure milk and similar refreshments, more especially suited to the appetites of children, are supplied at a moderate cost. A short distance south-west from the Dairy is THE CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND. Especially intended for the use of small children. It has a number of swings and a house with constant attendants for their accommodation. In the centre, upon an elevated plateau is a spacious vinery, beneath which are walks, rustic JMSLlSSSi* ? MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK. llll Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa., 541 Waoash Ave., Chicago, HI., 26 Devonshire Street, Boston, Mass. OUR EXPERIENCE in thisldnd of Electrical and Mechanical Business for the LAST TEN YEARS, with our references in connection with another branch of oar. business (Burglar Alarm Telegraph), is sufficient guarantee to the public that we are masters of our profession, and that all our work will be done in tne most careful, neat, skillful and thorough manner. E. Holmes : St. James Hotel. Auburn, N.Y.. Jan. 2", 1871. Dear Sir, — We have charged the Battery to our Annunciator lor the first time a few days since, it having worked now some 5 months. It cost us some 75 cents and about thirty minutes' time, and it is now working to a charm. You may refer any one to me you may choose, and I can assure you it will give me much pleasure to recommend it. for it is far ahead of anything I have ever before used. I consider it just perfection, and 1 cannot see why it will not last a life- time. Respect iullv, &C, S. P. CHAPMAN, Proprietor. We have also Invented and Patented an ELEOTEIO ANNUNCIATOE for an ELEVATOE, which is placed on the OAE OF THE ELEVATOE, and so arranged that the GUESTS ON EACH FLOOE can ANNOUNCE TO THE OPEEATOE in the car where they stand WAITING TO BE MOVED. This affords a greater and quicker accommodation to Guests, and saves time and expense in making regular trips, as the Car stands still until the OPERATOR IS NOTIFIED by this TELEGRAPH that he is wanted at a certain place. E^" This Electric ELEVATOR ANNUNCIATOR can be seen in operation at the St. Nicholas Hotel and Hoffman House, this city. Also, HOLMES' BURGLAR ALARM TELEGRAPH, the first ever used. Twelve years* practical experience in this kind of Electrical Business. CENTRAL PARK. 69 seats and tables. Here the little ones may enjoy themselves and not be interrupted by the rougher sports of THE BOY'S PLAYGROUND, Which is still further to the west and occupies a large open space also south of transverse road No. 1. Here is a commodi- ous house erected for the accommodation of the ball-players, who are allowed the use of the ground on Monday, Thursday and Saturday afternoons. THE CAROUSEL. By the path leading from the first the second of the above playgrounds, is the Carousel, a circular building containing a great number. of hobby horses which move around a large circle by means of machinery. Here boys and girls may enjoy a mimic horseback ride lor a fee often cents. THE MARBLE ARCH, Is located immediately west of the southern end of the Mall, and is one of the most elegant and costly structures within the Park, being the only one in which marble is exclusively used. It carries the carriage-drive over the foot-path, which enters it at one end on a level, while at the other a double stairway, leading to the right and lelt, leads up to the Mall. A marble bench on both sides affords a welcome rest to the weary pedestrian on a hot summer day, and in a niche op- posite the upper end of the arch, beyond the stairway, is a drinking fountain. THE INDIAN HUNTER. By the main drive, just west of the Marble Arch, is a spirited group in bronze, representing an Indian hunter watching his game, and holding his eager dog in check; thrther to the north, at the right of the same drive, half hidden in the shrubbery, is another group in bronze, "Eagles destroying a Goat." THE TREES PLANTED BY THE PRINCE OF WALES, During his visit to this country in the autumn of 1860 — an BENEDICT BROTHERS, No. 691 Broadway, New York. We semi Watches by Express, C. 0. P., to all parts of the country, with the privilege to examine before paying. Price-List of "Benedict's" Time Watches. (Gems' Size, in Solid Gold or Coin Silver Cases only.) QUALITY OF THE CASE. No. Coin Silver. 14 kt. Gold. l>kt. Gold. 24. 2 oz. Hunting Case. Ovington Benedict Lever Move- ment, Extra Jeweled. Chronometer Balance $30 00 $80 00 $90 00 25. 2 oz. Hunting Case, Samuel W. BENEDICT Lever Move ment, Extra Jeweled, Adjusted Chronometer Balance 45 00 ^5 00 L05 00 26. Hunting Case, 16 size Extra Jeweled, Adjusted Chro- nometer Balance 60 00 1 10 00 1 20 00 21. Same as No. 26, Adjusted 85 00 135 00 145 00 28. Same as No. 27, Stem Winder 110 00 160 00 110 00 TJ. Hunting Case, Nickle Movement. Extra Jeweled .. 75 00 125 00 135 00 30. Same as No. 29, with Chronometer Balance 80 00 130 00 1 10 00 31. Same as No. 30, Stem Winter 100 00 150 00 L60 00 32 Same as No. 31, but Adjusted to Heat. Cold, and Posi- tions 150 00 200 00 210 00 N. B. — In the Benedicts' Time Watches a a effort is made to combine durability with the greatest Accuracy of Time- Keeping, without sacrificing elegance in general appear- ance, by the use of select material, and application of the most approved principles i?: their construction, and we confidently recommend them to those who believe the truest economy to be that outlay which secures the Greatest Ultimate Satisfaction. FASHIONABLE JEWELRY. We have a more varied and extensive stuck of JEWELRY than any other house in New York. BENEDICT BROTHERS, Jewelers, No. 691 Broadway. WATCHES SOLD BY US AT WHOLESALE, OVINGTON BENEDICT, SAMUEL W. BENEDICT, Jr. (Sens of Samuel \V. BENEDICT, formerly of No. 5 Wall Street.) ESTABLISHED I3ST 1821. CENTRAL ['ARK. 71 English oak and an American Elm — are thriving finely. They may be found west of the centre of the Mall, between the foot-path and drive. THE GREEN. Following the drive that crosses the Marble Arch, as it leads to the west and changes directions northward, a broad lawn of fifteen acres, designated as " The Green," is revealed. In the proper season a large flock of South Down sheep pasture here, attended by a shepherd, and supply a simple feature of rural life, contrasting pleasantly with those other portions of the Park where art has done so much to beautify and please. THE SPA Is on the. north side of the Green, and west of the Mall. The building is highly decorated in arabesque. Artificial mineral waters are dispensed to visitors at five and ten cents per glass. THE MALL. The prominent feature of the Lower Park is the Mall, a straight walk which starts from a point just east of the Mar- ble Arch, and extends in a northerly direction for a distance of twelve hundred and twelve feet, or nearly a quarter of a mile. The whole width is two hundred and eight feet ; and throughout its entire length there is, on each side, a double row of American elms. Comfortable seats are distributed at convenient intervals, and drinking fountains at both ends afford refreshment for the thirsty. A statue of Shakespeare, the gift of a number of citizens of New York, through the Shakespeare Dramatic Association, stands at the southeast corner of the walk. At the proper season a number of miniature carriages, drawn by goats, and attended by coach- men in livery, are run upon the Mall for the amusement of childen, who may enjoy a ride in mimic state, up and down the length of the walk at a charge of fifteen cents. The Mall terminates at the northern end in a spacious square or plaza, which i.- ornamented with two very pretty foun- tains, and gilded bird-cages mounted on pedestals, in the summer, when the sun is oppressive, a portion of this space 72 CENTRAL PARK. is covered with an awning and provided with seats where visitors may rest, In close proximity to this plaza, and west of the north end of the promenade is THE MUSIC STAND. All elaborate structure, decorated with gilding- and bright colors, from Which, on Saturday afternoons, in the summer and autumn, an excellent band discourses beautiful music. THE VINERY Is a delightful bower of rustic work, over which are trained wisterias, honeysuckle and rose vines. It is situated just east of the upper part of the Mall, convenient to the Music Pavilion and ( asino, at a point commanding an excellent view of the Terrace. Lake, and Ramble. THE CARRIAGE CONCOURSE. Is an open square adjoining the Vinery, affording visitors in carriages access to the Casino, and is a convenient place to pause and enjoy the music of the band without alighting. THK CASINO It is a neat and tasteful cottage structure designed for a ladies' refreshment house, where a well-ordered restaurant is maintained, and although a private business like the Re- fectory at Mount St. Vincent, is still under the supervision and control of the Park Commissioners. It is pleasantly located just at the edge of the Carriage Concourse, and over- looking all the attractions of the Terrace and vicinity. In the summer season refreshments are served from the Casino upon tables in the Terrace Arch. THE MORSE STATUE. Southeast from the Casino, at the point where the car- riage road leads from the main drive to the Carriage Con- course, is placed the bronze statue of Prof. S. F. B. Morse, CENTRAL PARK. 73 the inventor of the electric telegraph. The figure, which is of the heroic .size, was moulded by Byron M. Pickett, and cast at the National Fine Art Foundry, by Maurice J.Power. It was procured by small subscriptions from the telegraphers of the (Jutted States. The granite pedestal, which supports it was provided by personal friends of Prof. Morse. The statue was unveiled June 10, 1871, with impressive ceremonies, in the presence of an immense audience, includ- ing the Professor himself. The fact that this work of art was a graceful tribute from the grateful people to living genius, surrounds it now with unusual and special interest. • AULD LANG SYNE.'' By the foot-path, in the grounds east of the Casino near the main drive and north of the Morse Statue, is a group in brown stone, by Robert Thompson, illustrating Burn's poem of " Auld Lang Syne." Although only a few feet from the drive, it is not visible unless approached by the foot-path. THE BRON&E STATUE OF THE TIGRESS, May be found a short distance west of the Terrace, to the right of the drive. It represents a tigress in act of bringing food to her cubs, and was presented to the Park by twelve gentlemen, residents of New York. It is six feet high, seven and a half feet long, and is the production of the celebrated Auguste Caine. . THE TERRACE. Dividing the plaza at the upper end of the Mall from the carriage drive that intervenes between it and the Terrace is a magnificent screen work of Albert freestone, with two openings through which persons can enter the Mall from their carriages, or from it cross the drive to a stairway that leads to the Terrace below. These stairs are worthy of the closest ^examination, for it will be seen on descending, that no two of the many panels at the sides are alike, and it is their beauty and ingenuity rather than mere variety that make them the objects of admiration. The decoration is, based upon forms of vegetation symbolic of the Four Seasons, 74 CENTRAL I'ARK. and surpasses the decorative sculpture on any public build- ing in America. Pursuant to the theory that every visitor, whether walking, riding, or driving, may visit the entire Park in his own way without interference, and to provide another means of access from the Mall to the Terrace, so that pedestrians may not embarrass drivers nor expose themselves to danger by cross- ing the crowded roadway at this point, a stairway has been constructed from the plaza to the end of the Mall, to the level of the Terrace below, terminating in an arcade that passes under the drive. The floor and ceiling are finished in elaborate patterns of encaustic tile, and the stone- work is everywhere beautifully carved. The plan for the hall or arcade, for the stairways leading to it, as well as for the stair- way from the drive to the Terrace, embraces many artistic embellishments not yet carried out. Having passed over one or the other of the stairways lead- ing from the upper level, the visitor reaches the Terrace, a broad esplanade which stretches north to the margin of the Lake. It is inclosed with a low wall of carved stone which is pierced with three openings, one on either side, from which foot-paths lead northward, and one on the water-front whence visitors may take the boats for a row on the lake. In the centre is a fountain with a spacious basin (not yet entirely completed), yet beautiful and very attractive. At either corner on the water front is a tall mast, from one of which floats a standard with the arms of the State, while the other bears a similar emblem with the arms of the City. THE LAKE. From the Terrace the attention is turned naturally toward the Lake, frequently mentioned as the Central Lake. This sheet of water stretches away from the trout of the Terrace to the west and north, in an eccentric outline of bays and headlands, which, with the little islands that dot the surface, the dense woods of the eastern and northern shore, the elab- orate Terrace on the southern side, the boats, swans and ducks floating upon the surface, combine to produce a most picturesque effect. It is divided into two equal parts by the Bow Bridge (so-called from its form), an iron structure which CENTRAL PARK. 75 connects the foot-path on the southernly side with the Ram- ble on the opposite shore. West from this bridge is the Balcony Bridge which crosses a small arm of the Lake at a point near Eighth Avenue and Seventy-seventh Street. The swans are not the least interesting feature of the Lake. Twelve of them were originally the gift of the city of Ham- burg. Nine of these dying, twelve more were presented from the same source, to which were added fifty from some gentlemen in London. Of the original seventy-two, twenty- eight died, and the remainder with their progeny remain to do the elegant upon the Lake. The swans, and also the white ducks that bear them company, are very tame, and come readily at a call. The popularity of the boats upon the Lake is evident from the fact that during the past year no less than one hundred and forty thousand persons availed themselves of the opportunity for this amusement. There are two classes of boats, the omnibus, which have fixed rates of fare for the round trip, and the call boats that go at the pleasure of the passengers. The charges are moderate, and the remuneration to the lessee quite small for so extensive a business. The boats may be taken at the -Terrace, and may be left at one of the six pretty boat-houses that adorn the shores of the Lake. It is, however, in the winter season that the Lake and other waters of the Park furnish attraction to the greatest number. The care exercised that the ice may be kept in the proper order for skating purposes, is fully appreciated by the many thousands that throng to the Park when the " ball is up, and when under a few simple and reasonable restric- tions any one may come and enjoy this exhilarating winter sport. The northern end of the western portion of the Lake is reserved exclusively for ladies. The Scotch citizens of New York here find an opportunity to enjoy the national game of curling. This game is growing greatly in popular- ity under the encouragement and approval of the Park Commissioners. Commodious houses, so constructed as to be readily removed at the close of the season, are erected during the winter on the Margin of the Lake for the acco- modation and refreshment of spectators, skaters, and curlers. 76 CENTRAL PARK. THE RAMBLE. After the Lake, the Ramble is the natural attraction. It covers a piece of ground of about thirty-six acres sloping upward from the northern shores of the Lake to the old Croton Reservoir, and is bounded on both sides by the great drive, from which access may be gained by foot-paths at the northwest and northeast corners of the Ramble, although the principle avenue of approach is by the Bow Bridge across the narrow part of the Lake. The Ramble is a laby- rinth of wooded walks abounding in sequestered nooks, rus- tic bridges over little brooks, wild vines and flowers, sum- mer-houses and seats of rustic make, occasional little patches of lawn, all clustering so naturally that the agency of art scarcely seems apparent. It is not surprising that the Ram- ble has more loving friends than any other portion of the Park, when it is considered how many are the attractions it offers. The Lake shore is beautiful at every point ; fine views every where reveal themselves ; foreign birds as peli- cans, storks, cranes, and herons, have here their home ; and for the pleasant chat of friends, the quiet enjoyment of a book, or simple rest from toil, the Ramble has abundant ac- commodation. More pretentious descriptions than this ut- terly fail of justice to its beauties. THE MONUMENT TO SCHILLER. The German poet, is placed in the western part of the Ram- ble, near the shore of the northern arm of the Lake. THE OAVE. At the base of the extreme western slope of the Ramble, is the Cave, an interesting spot, partly natural and partly artificial. A steep path leads to the foot of a large rock, and turning sharp to the left the Cave is entered at a level ; the entrance is dark, but a few steps reveal the light, and afford an outlook upon the Lake. From the other side, a series of rocky steps lead to the top of the rock over the Cave. THE BELVEDERE Is a Norman Gothic structure situated on a large rock that CENTRAL PARK. 77 pierces the wall of the old Reservoir and its southwestern angle. It not only provides a pleasant place of rest and shelter, but is an excellent post for observation, being the highest point in the Park. It can be approached only on foot, but should not therefore be omitted by the visitor who desires to vitit all the interesting portions of the Park. THE TUNNEL Has been excavated through the rock almost beneath the Belvedere and north of the Ramble, for the accommodation of the traffic road that crosses the Park at 7 9th Street It is one hundred and forty-six feet long, and seventeen feet ten inches high, and is chiefly interesting as illustrating the great expenditure of time, labor, and money necessary to perfect the attractions of the Park. CONSERVATOR 1" LAKE, Conservatory Lake is an ornamental piece of water, of two acres in extent, lying contiguous to the Fifth Avenue, between 73d and 75th Street, and is a feature of a charming plan, embracing both conservatory and flower-garden, upon which work is now in progress. During much of the time that the building is going forward the water is drawn off. THE EVERGREEN WALK. Near the Fifth Avenue, and south of the entrance by the Miners' Gate at 79th Street, a pretty piece of landscape gardening, was first laid out in 1862. It increases in interest and importance with the growth of the trees, and includes circles within circles of walks, inclosed by neatly trimmed hedges, the whole encircled by a thicket of shrubbery and trees that serves to conceal the plan of the walks within. A TEMPORARY ENCLOSURE FOR DEER Will be found north of the entrance by the Miners' Gate at Fifth Avenue and 79th Street. It contains several moose and a large number of ordinary deer. 78 CENTRAL PARK. THE PASTURAGE FOR HORNED CATTLE. Is directly north of the Deer Paddock, and, in the summer season, there may be seen here a number of rare animals, anions others, African Buffalo, Asiatic Zebu, with English, Irish, and Spanish neat cattle. • TEE MAZE Is located east of the New Reservoir and south of the third transverse road. Within the enclosure are thirty- seven hundred feet of gravel walk, and twenty-two hundred and fiftv trees, arranged so as to render any attempt to reach its central point, or to find a place of exit, somewhat amusing and difficult. When the trees are sufficiently grown to conceal the paths, the Maze will be a source of much amusement, but at present will hardly repay the time and the trouble necessary to find it. .MAN RATTAN SQUARE. On the 8th Avenue, between 67th and 81st streets, will be the location oi the American Museum of Natural History. the knol:,, Or, as sometimes called, Summit Rock, is in the extreme western portion of the Park, opposite the upper section of the old Reservoir. Being of easy ascent, its height is quite deceptive ; but it well repays the trouble of a visit, as it commands one of the most extensive views to be had in the Park. THE UPPER PARK. All of that portion of the Park lying north of the New Reservoir is usually known as the Upper Park, but is con- nected with the Lower Park by the drive, bridle-road, and foot-path. This section has not received the amount of elaboration that has been bestowed upon the Lower Park, bnt should not on that account be neglected by the visitor CENTRAL PARK. 79 The special objects of interest are not numerous ; but the ;er ire rne special omecis 01 interest are nor numerous ; out th landscape has a bold, free character, the drives have longe sweeps and stretches, the elevation and depressions ar, more marked, and the views from the higher points abun- dantly reward the time, trouble and strength consumed in seeking them. The most prominent features will be found noted in detail in the following pages MOUNT ST. VINCENT. The thoroughfares that lead from the Lower Park pass entirely around a large open space north of the New Reser- voir, denominated the East and West Meadows, the roadway on the east side leading beyond to Mount St. -Vincent. The building here located was formerly occupied by the Roman Catholic Academy, now on the Hudson, near* Yonkers. it Is itow used principally for a restaurant, where, though the prices are somewhat exhorbitant, refreshments are provided. The former chapel is fitted for the exhibtion of the casts of the late Mr Crawford's sculptures, eighty-seven in all which were presented to the Park, by his widow, in I860. Other apartments iuthis building are fitted up as a museum. OLI> FORTIFICATIONS Close to the northeast corner of the Park, and forming a pretty point from which to overlook the Harlem Meer, are the remains of earthworks erected during the war of 1812 They have been neatly turfed over, but preserved as nearly as possible in their original form. THE BLOCK-HOUSE. Considerably to the west of the earthworks, beyond the Lake and near the Warriors' Gate, which opens upon Seventh Avenue, is a small block-house, a relic of 1812, which was used either as a magazine or fortification. This and the earthworks were links in the chain of fortifications that extended across the north end of the island, of which abundant evidences exist further to the west mmm ffnn IMPORTERS OF ^trench (Shirto^ gian & Bohemian Glagg Ware LAVA WARS, PARIAN MARBLE, &c, 35 and 87 PARK PLACE, between Church $t> and College 'Place, I 54 JKm« ue Paradis, Poissonniere, Paris-. « Gours Jiiurilan. Limoges, France. 46 Neuerwall, Hamb " LA SAUCE PAR EXCELLENCE," JPor T«6/e Use C« B. UiB A CO., ' SUCCESSORS TO LEE & MORSE, Manufacturers of "La Sauce Par Excellence," FOR TABLE USE, ALSO, W01OTOT1IISIIIM1 MLVOB» PI0KUB8, Tomato Catsup, White Wine and Cider Vinegar, &c, Hotels and 'Restaurants Supplied by the Gallon or 'Barrel. 186 GREENWICH STREET, Cor. Courtlandt, NEW YORK. CENTRAL PARK. 81 THE POOL, LOCH, AND HARLEM MEER. These three bodies of water are essentially one, being con- nected with and flowing into each other. The waters flow from the Pool at 10 1st Street, a short distance from the western wall, under the drive into the Loch; thence easterly in a small streamlet to the Meer, which extends to the north- eastern boundary of the Park at Fifth Avenue and 11 0th Street A footpath runs along the margin of the water, and over rustic bridges, by foaming little cascades and quiet pools, to man)'' very beautiful and sequestered spots. THE GREAT HILL. This elevation, commonly called "The View, 1 ' about mid- way between the Pool and the northern boundary, is a central feature in the northwestern portion of the Park. Its altitude is not quite so great as the Knoll, but it appears much higher on- account of the greater depressions about it. There is a carriage concourse at the top, whence there is a commanding view, extending from the Hudson to the East River and the Sound, including a remarkable variety of scenery and interesting incident. HOW TO 00 TO THE PARK. The public conveyances that lead to the immediate vici- nity of the Park, are the street cars, as follows : Fourth Avenue Railroad, from the lower end of the City Hall Park. Third Avenue Railroad, from the lower end of the City Hall Park. Eighth Avenue Railroad, from both Vesey and Canal Streets, and Broadway. The cars of above roads all run beyond the upper end of the Park, thus affording an opportunity to enter by the gates on 5#tfi street, or at either of the upper or side en- trances. Sixth Avenue Railroad, from both Vesey and Canal streets, and Broadway. Seventh Avenue Railroad, from both Barclay and Broome. Central Park, North and East River Railroad, from South Ferry via river front and Tenth Avenue to the Park. The cars of these last-named roads do not go beyond 59th street. 82 PARKS AND PUBLIC SQUARES. BATTERY . Situated at the southernmost terminus of the metropolis. Connected with the Battery is Castle Garden- This buil- ding has now little architectural beauty to boast of; having been for some time used as a depot lor emigrants. BOWLING GREEN. Close to the Battery, at the entrance to Broadway is the small inclosure so called from having been used as such prior to the Revolution. Here stood, at the commencement of the Revolutionary struggle, the leaden statue of George III. which was pulled down and melted into bullets, to be used by the Americans. The railing here plainly shows the marks made by the removal of the ornamental iron globes that were converted into cannon balls. CITY HALL PARK Is an enclosure of about 10 acres, containing the City Hall, Court House, and other public buildings, also the New Post Office now in course of erection, WASHINGTON SQUARK. Was formed by laying out the ground formerly occupied as a Potter's Field. The Square is surrounded with splendid private houses and on one side is the University Building. South Fifth Avenue now bisects this Park. UNION SQUARE At the upper or northern end of Broadway, extends from 14th to 17th streets. At the south side is the bronze equestrian statue of Washington, and opposite on Broadway side, the statue of Abraham Lincoln. • GRAMERCY PARK Situated a little to the northeast of the above, is a select and beautiful inclosure on a smaller scale. This park is private property, having been ceded to the owners of the sur- rounding lots by S. B. Ruggles, Esq. It forms the area between 20th and 21st street, and the 3d and 4th Avenues. PARKS AND PUBLIC SQUARES. 83 STUYVESANT PARK, Extends from 15th to 17th streets, and is divided by the intersecting passage of the Second Avenue. The Rev. Dr. Tyng's Church is upon the west side of this park. The ground was presented by the late P. G. Stuyvesant, Esq., to the corporation of the Church. TOiMKINS SQUARE Is one of the largest parks of the city It occupies the area formed by Avenues A and B, and 7th and I Oth streets MADrSON SQUARE, Comprising ten acres, is at the junction of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. On the west side stands the monument of General Worth. RESERVOIR PARK. Reservoir Square is located between the Fifth and Sixth Avenues, and 40th and 42d streets, and has an extent of between nine and ten acres, upon one-half of which is the " Distributing Reservoir." The other, or western half, once had upon it the "New York Crystal Palace," but since the destruction of that building by the fire of 1858, the grounds have been kept open as a park. MT. MORRIS SQUARH. Mt. Morris Square presents the anomalous appearance of an abrupt hill, with thickly wooded sides, rising from the midst of a plain that has no other hills upon it It " heads off'' the Fifth Avenue at 120th street, and extends as tar north as 124th street, and its area is nearly twenty acres. It is the breathing spot of the pretty village of Harlem, and the favorite resort of the citizens. Under the able control of the Commissioners of Public Parks all of the above-named Parks have lately undergone a marked improvement. Many of them, more especially the Battery Grounds, were a disgrace to the city, but they are now being fast transformed into miniature Paradises. The present year will see them entirely completed. ELLIOT & CO Ralph P. Elliot. H. C. Elliot. TAILORS, 756 BROADWAY, Cor. of Eighth Street, NEW YORK. "We cut only the Finest Foreign G-oods. A PERFECT FIT A SPECIALTY. 0. f . A, HIKEI0H8, Importer of and Dealer in FRENCH. ENGLISH & GERMAN TOYS. ran i GLASSWARE & CHINA, Sole Agent for C. A. KLEEMANN'S PATENT ST. GERMAIN LAMPS, Ageat for the Glass Factories of the Oomp. Anccyae of Naaur, Belgian, 29, 31 & 33 PARK PIECE, N. W, cor, of Church St., up stairs, NEW YORK, No. 28 ROUTE DE PARIS, LIMOGES, FRANCE. • 85 AMUSEMENTS. . There are very nearly twenty Theatres in the city of New York that nightly throw open their doors to the public. We shall notice, in the u Guide," only those establishments that are strictly first class, both as to their selection of per- formances and manner of representing them, and as to the respectability of their audiences. We are compelled to this course from the fact that our work is perused almost ex- clusively by the better class of strangers sojourning here, and who are necessarily unacquainted with the status of our theatres, and unwilling to risk the presence of their families within the walls of questionable places of amusement. We cordially recommend the following named houses to our readers, assuring them that they will neither- hear nor see aught to make them regret having patronized them : GRANT) OPERA HOUSE. This magnificent Theatre, probably the finest on this continent, is situated on the corner of Eighth Avenue and Twenty-third street. It was erected during the years 1867 and 1868, and was originally intended to b^ devoted to operatic performances solely. Mr. Augustin Daly, the Napoleon of Managers, has secured the lease of this house for a term of years, and opened the Theatre, under his sole management, on the "25th of August last. His object in taking a lease of this large and magnificent Opera House, in addition to his own Fifth Avenue Theatre, was to enable him to present, on a suitable sc*le of grandeur, an immense variety of European and American Spectacle Plays, Opera- Boutfes, and Heroic Dramas, which the Grand Opera House alone is capable of presenting in fitting style. Here will be presented those new, original, and startling productions of dramatic genius, which, while appealing to a most refined and cultivated taste require facilities for gorge- ous scenic display and ample auxiliary accessories. Mr. Daly makes the special announcement that every de- partment of the Grand Opera House, and the performances to be given there, will be under his personal supervision, and that it shall be maintained as a place of amusement where the most refined may enjoy the very best dramatic perform- ances, without any drawback whatever. 86 AKl'KEMENTS. The opening of the Grand Opera House was signalized by the production, for the first time on the Western Continent, of one of the most magnificent spectacles ever composed — the new Fairy Opera Bouffe, entitled, LE ROl CAROTTE ! Produced last winter in Paris, and the joint work ofM. Jaques Offenbach, the eminent composer of " Grande Duchess,' 1 "Genevieve de Brabrant/ 1 &c, and M. Victorien Sardou, the French Dramatist. This play was purchased by Mr. Daly from the authors direct, and all the costumes and properties — several thousand in number, and of great novelty and richness of design — were manufactured in Paris, expressly for the Grand Opera House. The scenery is painted from models and measurements furnished by the artists in Paris, and the music is given, as specially arranged by M. Offenbach, for the original production, with additions and alterations made expressly for this country. The cost of the entire production exceeds ninety thousand dollars, making it the most costly play ever produced in the United States. A vast number of alterations and improvements have been made in the Grand Opera House, the machinery beneath the stage and above it being of most remarkable character and gigantic proportions, and constructed after the most recent French and English models. By this means some very wonderful and almost instantaneous transformations can be produced. Every lobby and passage way has been newly and expensively carpeted with Royal Wilton velvet, made to order for the Grand Opera House. The boxes have been newly upholstered and carpeted, the theatre repainted and re-gilded. The old opera boxes on the Balcony Circle have been replaced by one hundred and seventy parlor arm chairs, which form at once the most luxurious and comfortable seats yet introduced into a place of public amusement. A ladies' toilet room has been elegantly fitted up off the grand vesti- bule, where a maid will be always in attendance. The lobby of the Grand Opera House, pronounced one of the finest examples of modern ornate architecture in the world, has now the added beauty of an exhibition of paint- ings upon its walls, which represents many of the greatest artists of our day in their greatest works. These paintings occupy all the available space in the lower lobby, on the AMUSEMENTS. 87 Grand Stairway, arid on the walls of the Balcony above. Several of them are specially lighted by reflectors with bril- liant effect. These paintings are, without exception, tempor- ary loans to the exhibition, by the artist friends of Mr. Daly. They will be exchanged from time to time for others, loaned in like manner, or purchased, as the case may be. Hence there will be always something fresh to see, even to the regular habit uee of the place. During the day-time, that is from 9 A. M until 3 P. M., all respectable visitors will be admitted to the Exhibition, and provided with a descriptive catalogue of the works of art ; at night this privilege is only to those provided with tickets to the performance. The chief attraction, however, will be found, as it should be, in the performances : and to give these with unparalleled attractiveness, Mr. Daly has employed the following extra- ordinary company of artists : Mrs. John Wood, (the favorite of Comedy and Song) ; Miss Rose Hersee, (the Queen of English Prima Donnas) ; Miss Bella Golden ; Mr. John Brougham, (the matchless Comedian) ; Mr. P^obert Craig, Mr. Stuart Robson Mr. J. W. Jennings, Mr. G. F. Ketchum. Mr. J. A. Meade, Mr. J. G. Peakes, Mr. Julian Cross, Miss Annie Deland, Miss Ella Deitz, Miss Rosa Derham, Miss Jean Bnrnside. Miss Helen Strange. UNION SQUARE THEATRE. Since our last issue this delightful little theatre, has has undergone a total change in its management, and in the style of entertainment it offers to the public. In June last Mr. R. W. Butler, under whose management the house was opened, relinquished his position, and it was assumed by Mr. A. M. Palmer. Everything which savored of the Variety business was at once eschewed, and, an earnest effort was made to give a class of performances, which would attract to the house the better portion of the theatre going public. This effort was so far successful that during the engagement of those wonderful artists, the Vokes Family, ESTABEOOKE, No. 31 UNION SQUARE, FINE PHOTOGRAPHS BEAUTIFULLY COLORED ii i f n * m i as m e m Aiii ® • w < or Q Z H 14 > W TRADE MARK. FERROTYPES, & o H s m z Copied and Enlarged 60 Any Six©, Artistically Colored and Finished by Compete y^RTlSTS AT OUR RJSK. TENT AMl'SEMEXTiS. 89 the house was nightly crowded, despite the heat, with the largest and most fashionable audiences ever gathered in a metropolitan theatre during the summer reason. Encouraged by such liberal patronage, the proprietor of the theatre, Mr. Shook, and the manager, Mr. Palmer, determined to enter the lists with Messrs. Wailaek and Daly, and to endeavor to establish their house as a first class Comedy Theatre. En- gagements were accordingly made with the following well known artists who will compose the regular company, for the season of 1872- To. Miss Agnes Ethel, Mrs. Clara Jennings, Miss Phillis Glover, Miss Plessy Mordaunt, Miss Emily Mestayer, Miss Jennie Lee, Miss Kittv Blanchard, Miss Rose Larrens, Mr. D. H. Harkins, Mr." Mark Smith, Mr. F. F. Mackay, Mr. McKee Rankin, Mr. Edward Lamb. Mr. George Parker, Mr. Henry Montgomery, Mr. J. P. Burnett and others. Mr. D. H. Harkins who has, for several years past, been the Stage Director of the Fifth Avenue Theatre, and whose excellent taste and great industry have contributed so much towards the success of that establishment was selected as the Stage Manager. The Fall Season began on the 18th of September, w T ith a new society and sensational play written by Victorien Sardou, expressly for Miss Agnes Ethel and entitled " Agnes." The play is magnificently mounted, the furniture, decorations, properties, scenery, and appointments being entirely new and of the most costly description. No stage, it is safe to say, has ever presented a more brilliant array of beautiful women mag- nificently dressed, than may be seen every night behind the foot-lights of this theatre. The cast embraces the names of all the leading people in the company, and it is useless 10 say that the play is acted almost without a fault. The piece has made a great hit and it will probably run far into the season. Miss Ethel, of course, fills the title-role, and those who have seen her admirable personations of Frou-Frou and Fernande, do not need to be assured how admirably she does this. Following this play will be a new drama written expressly for the company by John Broug- ham; a new society play written also expressly for the company by Olive Logan, entitled W 'A Business Woman/' and other new plays by well known writers. 90 AMUSEMENTS. The orchestral music of the theatre is under thv direction of Mr. Tissington, who waves the baton over one of the most thoroughly drilled, and most carefully selected orchestras in the city. Mr. E. H. George, an affable and talented gentleman, is the Treasurer. Mr. R. Marston who painted nearly all of the celebrated " Black Crook,' 1 and the equally celebrated, though much less fortunate, " Lallah Rookh " scenery, is the Scenic Artist. Mr. W. Saunders is the machinist. During the summer vacation the house has been thorough- ly frescoed and painted, new carpets have been laid through- oat, new chairs have been put in the orchestra circle, the stage has been widened, a new scene room has been built, the dressing rooms have been newly and elegantly furnished, and the Green-room has been fitted up with great elegance. Altogether the Union Square Theatre is one of the cosiest and most elegant places of amusement to be found in this, or any other city, and those who give it their patron- age may confidently expect reasonable and unalloyed enjoyment. OLYMPIC THEATRE. This Theatre, situated on Broadway, between Houston and Bleecker streets, was originally entitled " Laura Keene's Theatre." Built by John Trimble, and opened under the management of Miss Laura Keene, October, 1856. During the period of that lady's management many of the present theatrical Stars were in the list of the regular company. Among the notable productions of Miss Keene's managerial career were " Our American Cousin," " The Seven Sisters," u The Seven Sons" and "Midsummer Night's Dream " On the termination of Miss Keene's management the theatre was entirely altered, great improvements made, and opened October 8, 1863, under the management of Mrs. .John Wood, at which time the Theatre was re-christened " The Olympic." This lady retired in 1866, and was succeeded by Mr. Leonard Grover, who occupied the house with an Operatic Company for one year, when one of the present lessees, Mr. James E. Hayes, took the theatre in connection with Mr. G. L. Fox, opening in the Fall of 1867. Under this gentleman's able management the record of the Theatre has been a brilliant AMUSEMENTS. 91 one '• Midsummer Night's Dream," produced on a scale of magnificence almost unparalleled in the annals of the stage, had a run of 100 nights. The great triumph was the pro- duction of G. L. Fox's pantomime, " Humpty Dumpty," having been played 1,101 times — a " run " unparalleled in the annals of the stage. The auditorium is commodious, with easy egress for the largest audiences, and the stage arrangements are among the best in the world, enabling the management to produce the most gorgeous Spectacles, Ballets, Pantomimes, Dramas, &c. The House is tastefully decorated, and the seats are com- modious, affording easy view of the stage from all parts of the auditorium, of these there are about 2,400. Messrs Hayes andColville, the present lessees, inaugurated the house this season with a highly sensational drama adapted from the French, and entitled " The Red Pocket Book." The piece was most artistically placed upon the stage, and some novel effects introduced. The Aimee Opera-Company will follow, to be succeeded by Star Combination Troups from time to time interspersed with dramas of interest, and this will be the programme of this Theatre for the seasons of '71 and 72. The front of the house is presided over by Mr. M. L. Sutton, treasurer. This gentleman has been connected with the Olympic in the same capacity for the past eleven years, and by his uniform gentlemanly attention to his duties has won for himself the encomiums of all the habituees of the Olympic. FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, '■ The Parlor Home of American Comedy," is situated on Twenty-fourth Street, adjoining the Fifth Avenue Hotel, constructed of white marble, with a frontage of fifty and depth of one hundred and ten feet. The interior, which has been lately re-modeled and decorated, presents a re- markable elegance of design and beauty of finish, combining all that can be desired for attractiveness, comfort and security. The ceiling of the auditorium is embellished with a magnificent picture by Garibaldi, the celebrated fresco artist, representing the " Crowning of Comedy," and his artistic brush has been applied to the balance of the interior with $HtntMAKER, And Dealer in • MEN'S FURNISHING GOODS, 693 BROADWAY, Hot. .V«iit> & -4=tli St. iiiiimiBi'i ffeiini and Visiting Card Emporium, I 190 BROADWAY, Sturtevant House Block, THE ONLY PROPRIETOR OF THE NAME IN THE BUSINESS. Illuminated Stamping a Specialty- First Class Artists Employed in Every Department. OlMBREDE'S JET-BLACK INK.- "TRY IT." mm, todd & co„ fk # * .Ii W P Ii I l f Gold, Silver and Rubber Pen and Pencil Cases, TOOTHPICKS, «&e., ISO BROADWAY. -.V. B. — We make a Specialty of Fine Holiday Goods. BERNHABD KOECHUflG, anufacturer of Jfurmture, Sole Patentee of the Improved OPERA FOLDING CHAIR. Factory and Store : MEW YORKL- AMUSEMENTS 93 tasteful and attractive results. A new stage, with an im- proved system of foot-lights, has been constructed, that better effect may be given to the representation of the choice selection of comedies for which this theatre is so justly celebrated. The parquette and stalls are furnished with chairs, and the flooring covered with a rich velvet carpet. The boxes are elegantly upholstered with satin and velvet — the general effect being that of a private drawing-room rather than that of a public theatre. The company engaged for the present season includes the following well-know artists Messrs. Fisher, Clark, Lewis, Davidge, James, Lemoyne, Crisp, Ringgold, Rockwell, Fawcett and Whiting; and Mrs. Gilbert, Misses Fanny Davenport, Clara Morris, Fanny Morant, Linda Dietz, Mary Cary, Kate Claxton and Miss Sara Jewet. Miss Caroline Abbott, a well-known amateur, is to make her first appearance at this theatre during the winter. The season opened on the 3d of September, with an original American comedy by the author of " Saratoga/' that is now meeting with unbounded success. The decora- tions and toilets in this piece are from special designs from the best Paris artists, and are marvels of elegance. To follow this comedy, Mr. Daly has a number of novelties. First, a new drama of society life, by Dr. Mosenthal, of Vienna, the famous author of "Deborah," which has been purchased direct from the author, with special and exclusive privileges for this country. This piece, which depicts modern fashionable life in Berlin society, is likely to ereate an intense sensation. The second surprise will be an original comedy of American frontier life and of the New York limit ton, by Bret Harte. As this is Bret Harte's first play, it is likely to cause a remarkable sensation in literary as well as dramatic circles. The third sensation will be a new play to be written by Victorien Sardon, the brilliant French drama- tist, expressly for the Fifth Avenue Theatre. The price which Mr. Daly is to pay for this piece is said to be the very extravagant sum of $1,000 per week during the run. With all these efforts and attractions for the public entertainment, it will be strange indeed if Mr. Daly does not reap a plentiful harvest of prosperity and popularity during the ensuing- season. PINE BOOTS AID 5 f No. 357 SIXTH AVENUE, N. W. Cor 22d Street, Ladies' and Gents' Buttoned Boots, Children's Shoes in Great Variety of Style and Color,, SIX WIDTHS OF EVKRY SIZE KEPT IN STOCK. PARIS, 1 867. SILVER MEDAL AWARDED. FOB GENTLEMEN, LADIES, MISSES AND CHILDREN* Are well known to be the BEST. ALL WARRANT E J > . A Full Line of these Goods are Sold by 357 Sixth Avenue, cor. 22d Street. Caution to the Public. It having come to ray notice that some dealers are offering for sale inferior grades of Shoe*, representing them to be of my manufacture, purchasers will please notice that all Shoes of my make have my name stamped on the sole of each rtlwe. Also, J'ac simile of medal received at r.he Paris Exposition. \861, as shown above JVone Genuine without his Trade Mark AMUSEMENTS.. 95 The Fifth Avenue Theatre will be in the future, as formerly, under Mr. Daly's sole management, and will be devoted to the production of elegant plays and original comedies, like those for which it has been noted during four seasons. booth's theatre. In this superb temple of the dramatic art, the greatest living exponents of the drama, are offered an opportunity of presenting it, in its highest form, with a correctness of detail and magnificence of scenic effect, nowhere to be surpassed. The lustrous names of Booth, Hackett, Cushman, Jef- ferson, Wallack, Owens, with others of equal magnitude who have from time to time appeared, demonstrate from the liberal support offered them, that there has been no perversion of taste, through the immense quantity of sen- satiqnal trash foisted upon the public. This magnificent structure situated on 23rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, covering an area of 200 feet in depth and 100 feet in width, was erected at a cost of $800,000. Constructed of granite, it consists of four stories with a double French roof. The simplicity of the edifice is remarkable while at the same time it is one of the grandest buildings in the city and perhaps in the country. There is one grand entrance on 23d Street, and one on 6th Avenue, and at the close of the performances, five other means of egress, opening directly on the street are thrown open to the audience. The seating capacity of the Theatre, including the private boxes, will accommodate 1800 persons with ease. The audi- torium is lighted by electricity, and recently, in place of the former magnificent chandelier, a new one, constructed on an entirely new principle by the XI. S. Patent Reflector Co., has been introduced. An efficient fire brigade, composed of the different employees of the Theatre, thoroughly drilled in the working of the numerous fire apparatus throughout the building with four watchmen continually patrolling the building lend additional security in case of fire, to the easy and rapid means of egress afforded the audience. During the season of '72-73 unusual attractions are offered. 96 AMUSEMENTS. The psychological play of " The Bells r with Mr. J. W Wallack in his great creation of Mathias has afforded this admirable artist the opportunity of presenting one of the finest pictures of melodramatic acting of the day. Mr. and Mrs Dion Boucicault, (Miss Agnes Robertson), appear in the great romantic Irish drama of " Arrah na Poguc " which will be produced under the immediate supervision of the author (Mr. Boucicault) and presented, as it never has been before, in strict accordance with the ideas of the Author. The beautiful and accomplished artiste Miss Neilson coming to us with a high trans-atlantic reputation will also ap- pear in an extensive repertoire of characters. Miss Cush- man and Mr. Jefferson will renew their former successes, and Mr. and Mrs. Florence in their specialties with others, will fill up one of the most brilliant seasons witnessed at this Theatre. The Theatre is under the able management of Mr. Edwin Booth, Proprietor, who is ably assisted by Mr. J. Henry Magonigle, Business Manager. The treasurer is Mr. J. •A. Booth, Stage manage]- Mr. D. W. Waller, and Musical Director Mr. Ed. Mollenhaucr. Wallace's theatre. This justly entitled Home of Comedy was first opened at the theatre corner of Broadwaj 7 and Broome Street, where, for a decade, it kept the highest rank as a theatre for the representation of the best school of dramas and comedies. The next movement of the late veteran manager, Mr. James W. Wallack, was to build the present theatre, corner of 13th Street and Broadway. This place of amusement was opened in 1 8 < J 1 , and was, until the death of the elder Wallack, under his immediate management. At his decease, the property became his son ? s, the present proprietor and manager, Mr. Lester Wallack. The building is not very pretentious, but is comfortable, and large enough for the purposes intended. The seating capacity comprises 408 orchestra chairs, 407 dress circle secured seats, about 400 parquette seats, and a family circle capable of accommodating about 600. The entrances are large and eas} 7 for the public, either for ingress or egress. The names of artists who have appeared under the Wallack management are among the brightest in the list of m a® ^Ma (§> Do No. 13 E. SEVENTEENTH ST., NEW YORK. Branch Rouses: Bellcvne Ave. opp. Bath Road, Newport; No.l Grand Union Hotel Block, Saratoga. First Class Importer of STUMES, ROBES, MANTLES, Ww®m®h, BlUiawy, Feathers, Flowers, Bridal Wreaths and Veils, English Round Hats, Under Clothing, &c. The highest Novelties of the above Goods are constantly re- ceived from the leading Houses of Paris and London, Mil, ©, ®@ITOTAir, ^renoh Millinery, Breggmaking, m& tmmm it ««§» wants, 8 EAST EIGHTEENTH STREET, Near Fifth Avenue, HIW TOBS, MME. CECIL ROMER, IMPORTER OF Xtt* AMD FIME FURS, 889 BROA_DWA.Y. Cor. 19th Street, NEW YORK. ■ o U eg) Eh H o co CD - entirely wrought out on the anvil. The main entrance-gates are wonderful for their lightness, careful iinish, and strength, being the most elaborate piece of architectural wrought iron in this country. The building is finished throughout with white pine, ash, mahogany, oak, and black walnut — no paint being used, but -all the woods showing their natural grain. 132 SOCIETIES AND ASSOCIATIONS. The grand staircase approaching the galleries is of solid oak, trimmed with walnut, finished in wood on the under as well as upper sides. The interior accommodations consist as follows : On the first floor are the janitor's apartments and the schools, with their appropriate dressing-rooms. On the second story are the reading-room, libraries, council- room, and lecture-room, together with necessary retiring-rooms and an office lor busi- ness On the third story are the grand central hall, four picture galleries, and the sculpture-room. This edifice has been erected at a cost of about $150,000, under the super- intendence of the architect, P. B. Wright, Esq., of this city. The annual exhibitions of the Academy are held during the months of April, May, June, and July, during which the building is open to the public for a small admission fee. The works of living artists only are exhibited, and no pic- tures are accepted that have been previously exhibited in) New York. The Exhibition of the Artists' Fund Society is generally held in the galleries of the Academy, and takes place in November and December annually. It is a noble charity ,, devoted to the relief of sick and poor artists. THE LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Is a society of scientific men, formed for the study of natural history. Its rooms are in Fourteenth street, near the Fourth Avenue. It possesses a good library, and a large museum of minerals, plants, and specimens of natural history. It in- accessible to the public. 133 LIBRARIES. THE ASTOR LIBRARY. No. 6 Lafayette Place, one block east of Broadway, owes its existence to the noble bequest of its founder, John Jacob Astor, Esq., who, in a codicil to his will, appropriated the sum of $400,000 for its establishment and maintenance. An act for its incorporation passed the Legislature of New York in 1849, constituting the following named persons, previously selected by Mr. Astor, as a Board of Trustees, namely — Washington Irving, Win. B. Astor, Daniel Lord, James ,Gr. King, Joseph G. Cogswell, Fitzgreene iJalleck, Samuel B. Ruggles, Samuel Ward, Charles A. Bristed, and the Mayor of New York ex-officfo. To these gentlemen, or to their successors, the administration of the affairs of the library was consigned. The will of Air. Astor was proved on the 12 th April, and on the 20 th of May following the Trustees held their first meeting accepting their offices, and then ap- pointed Mr. J. G. Cogswell, one of their members, Superin- tendent of the Library. According to the provisions of the bequest $75,000 was the sum authorized to be applied for the erection of the building; $120,000 for the purchase of books, and the residue of the $400,000 to be invested in real estate on Bond or Mortgages, the interest of which is to be applied to defray the expenses of maintaining the Library. In October following Mr. Cogswell was sent to Europe for the purchase of books. Meanwhile the Trustees had select- ed the site, and the plan of Mr. A. Saeltzer the architect for the Library edifice, which measures 65 feet front, by 120 feet in depth, and is in the Florentine style. This building now known as the South Library, was opened to the public on the 1st of February, 1850, with aboat 80,000 volumes, com- prehending the several departments of knowledge. On the 1st September, 1859, the new or North Library was com- pleted, when the entire institution, wholly, re-arranged, was re-opened. The new classification of the Library includes the grand division being for history and literature of all nations. The North or New Building and the original Hall for works in all departments of Science. The new building 134 LIBRARIES. and the ground on which it stands are the gifts of William B. Astor, Esq., who has also made several large donations to the Library, amounting in all to more than $'25,000. The entire collection of books amounts to 140,000 volumes. The whole value of the estate is about $1,250,000. The real value of the collection, is not to be estimated by its numeri- cal extent or its pecuniary cost, but by its intrinsic value of its books. In this respect the Astor Library takes pre- cedence of all others in this country. J. G. Cogswell, col- lected and catalogued the Library. He resigned his office of Superintendent in 1SG1, and Mr. Scroeder succeeded Lim, His resignation took place on the 1st of July, 1871, when Mr. E. R. Strazincky was appointed to the position, Septem- ber 1, 1871. The assistant libiaiians are F. Saunders, W. Tyler. Present board of Truestees — Messrs. W. B. Astor,. J. J. Astor, J. B. Ruggles, J. C. Brevoort, J. H. Fish, J. B. Brcdhead, J. A. Hamilton, W. Hoppin, Dr. T. Markoe. Gen, Dix, and the Mayor of New York. Open from 9.30 to 5 P. M. THE APPRENTICES' LIBRARY, Containing about 16,000 volumes for the use of youthful apprentices, is in the Mechanics' Hall, 472, Broadway, near Gran el street. THE CITY LIBRARY Is in the City Hall, and is free to all persons. THE WOMAN'S LIBRARY Is in the New York University Building, fronting on Wash- ington Square, MERCANTILE LIBRARY. Occupies the Clinton Hall building in Astor Place, Eighth street. This noble establishment comprises a fine library, and reading room. Its literary collections number upwards of 150.000 volumes, in the several departments of general knowleelge, including also a valuable series of 500 periodical works, unsurpassed by any other institution. The number of books circulated each year is about 275,000. The num- COLLEGES AND SEMINARIES. 135 ber of its members at the present time exceeds 10,000. This institution, originally established for the use of clerks, has been since thrown open to the public on payment of the subscription, $5 per annum. Clerks pay Si initiation fee, and Si annual dues. Peter Voorhces, President, G. F. Schmerhorn, Librarian. COLLEGES & SEMINARIES. THE COLLEGE OF TUB CITY OF NEW YORK, In Twenty-third street, corner of Lexington Avenue, was established in 1848, by the Board of Education of the city of New York, in pursuance of an act passed May 7, 1817, for the purpose of providing higher education for such pupils of the Common Schools as may wish to avail them- selves thereof. The college is under the general superin- tendence of the Board of E lue ition ; but it is specially under the supervision of an Executive Committee, for its care, government, and management, appointed by the Board. All its expenses for instruction, apparatus, library, cabinet, collections, books, and stationery, are paid out of the public treasury. The cost of the ground was $37,810, the edifice, $75,000 and the interior furniture, apparatus, &e , $20,867. The building measures 125 feet by 80, and will accommodate 1,000 pupils. The students are admitted in annual classes, and the full course of study embraces five years. The Board of Education is authorized by law to confer for the usual collegiate degrees on the recommendation of the faculty. Graduates may become " Resident Graduates," and con- tinue their studies at option. The Academical Studies during Term time, continue daily (except Saturday and Sunday) from a quarter before 9 o'clock, a. m. to 3 o'clock, p. m. 136 COLLEGES AND SEMINARIES. THE NEW YORK UNIVERSITY Is located on the east side of Washington Square, and forms a noble architectural ornament, being of the English colle- giate style of architecture. The University was established in 1831, and has ever maintained its high reputation. It has a chancellor, and a corps of professors in the various departments of learning. There is also a grammer school connected with the institution ; also, a valuable library, philosophical apparatus. LB 'jlli A./V Milliner and Dress Maker, 344 FOURTH AVENUE, Cor. 25th St., Custom Wck done on the Shortest Notice, and on the most Reasonable Terms. Operations for the Preservation of the Natural Teeth, and the Regulation of Childrens' Teeth, j± SPBCIfLLTT. Also, ARTIFICIAL DENTURES ON ANY OF THE MOST APPROVED BASES. Office Hours: 9.30 to 4.. SO. MADAME LAFOMTA nun 9113 ME k CO., smakers, o m rtjf»i! Between 24th and 25th Streets. EW YORK. (Late of* *553 Broadway.) \%m u i. a, mmwrmmMMi? Ixaa-i^03C-t©x* of LADIES' & CHILDRENS' 10DID HATS, Boys' Hats and Caps, Feathers, &c, ZtsTo. 868 'B'SjCDJLID'VT'JLrsr, CHURCHES. 147 THE BRICK CHURCH. (Presbyterian,) situate on the corner of Thirty -seventh street and Fifth Avenue, is a spacious brick edifice, with a lofty spire. Rev. Dr. Spring is the minister. st. Paul's m. e. church. On Fourth Avenue, corner of Twenty-second street, is a new magnificent edifice, built of marble, in the Romanesque style. Its entire length is 146 feet, by 77, the height of the spire is 210 feet. The cost of the church, parsonage, &c, is estimated at $130,000. THE FOURTH UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. This is the Rev. Dr. Chapin's. Situated on the corner of Fifth Avenue and Forty^fifth street. The main building is 80 feet by 100. Gothic style. It has a frontage, in- cluding the towers, of 95 feet, and the towers are 185 feet high. The height of the main building is 90 feet. The basement for Sunday-school, lecture-room &c, extends over the entire church, and is 11 feet in height. The entire cost of the church and ground is estimated at $170,000. THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH, Situated on Fourth street and Lafayette Place, was built in 1839. It measures 110 feet long by 75 wide; it cost $160,000. Its exterior is very good; but its interior is characterised by simple elegance. The pulpit is of white marble. The Collegiate Dutch Church is one of the oldest establishments of the kind in the city. Associated with these Church Associations are the " North Church," in Fulton street ; the new and elegant Church in Fifth Avenue, corner of Twenty-ninth street ; Ninth-street Church ; and that we have just described, on Lafayette Place. The venerable Dr. De Witt and others are the officiating clergymen. THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH. Situate on the east side of Washington Square, was erected in 1840, of rough granite. It is in the Gothic style, with a large centre window and two towers. Its interior is very 148 CHURCHES. finished and effective, especially the ornamental carved 1 , work of the organ pulpit, &c. The entire cost of the edifice ■was $125,000. The Rev. Dr. Hutton has long been the minister. CHURCH OF ALL SOULS (Unitarian), corner of Fourth Avenue and 20th street, is an eccentric and remarkable edifice, being built in the style of the Italian churches of the middle ages, of brick and delicate cream colored stone in alternate courses. Adjoining the church, on 20th street, is the parsonage. Included in the design is to be a spire, or campanile, 300 feet high. The Rev. Dr. Bellows is the minister. THE FRENCH CHURCH. The congregation of the French Church, styled "Eglise du St. Esprit, 1 ' has removed from Franklin street, corner of Church, to Twenty second street, between Fifth and Sixth, Avenues. The new church is Gothic, and very elegant. It will seat about 1,000 persons. The rector is the Rev. Dr. Verren. jews' synagogues. There are upwards of a dozen synagogues in this city. The most notable are the following : — Shaarai Tephila (Gates of Prayer), No 112 Wooster street, near Prince street, and Bnai Jeshurun (Sons of Jeshurun), in Greene street, near.- Houston street. 149 GREENWOOD CEMETERY Became a Chartered Institution in 1838. Its location was the result of a careful and extensive survey of the entire vicinity of New York. The enterprise, after four years of hard struggle, was at length placed upon a firm foundation, and the Cemetery was thrown open for interments in 1842. From that time its history has been one of uninterrupted progress. The original enclosure of one hundred and sevent}^- five acres has swelled, by successive additions on the west and south, to its present dimensions of 413 acres. Broad, substantial roads underlaid with stones, and bordered on the declivities with paved gutters, furnish, at all seasons, a hard and pleasant carriage path of many miles, and conduct the visitor to every part of the Cemetery. Commodious and inviting foot-paths, wind round every hill, and explore each dell and shady nook. The work of grading the entire grounds, involving an immense amount of labor, is now all but completed, and has been prosecuted with a constant re- gard both to beauty and utility. The water of Sylvan Lake is forced by steam power into an elevated reservoir, whence it is conveyed by pipes to different parts of the ground, to >be used in irrigation and for the supply of fountains. The Cemetery is entered at its northwestern angle from the Fifth Avenue, and also on the southern side from the old road known as Martense's Lane. The original entrance and for many years the sole entrance, was a little south of what is now the northwestern corner of the grounds. This narrow passage-way, with its simple, rustic, yet picturesque lodge and bell-tower, was strictly in consonance with the limited purpose. The increasing number of visitors and of funerals, together with various annoyances which gathered, at length, around this only approach, led to the opening in 1850, of what is now called the Western Entrance. During the twelve following years, visitors found admission to Green- wood almost wholly through this fine approach — the northern gate being appropriated to funerals. 150 GREENWOOD CEMETERY. The extension of the Fifth Avenue in 1869, upon a cause- way of high grade, running directly by and across the West- ern Entrance, involved the necessity of a viaduct at that point. The stone archway built by the Trustees, over which the public travel passes, and through which visitors enter or leave the Cemetery, is a work that will compare, in solidity and beauty, with any similar structure in the country. This intrusion of the Avenue made a change of position necessary in regard to some of the buildings connected with this entrance, and they were accordingly removed to the western side of the viaduct. The gate-house here is a hand- some wooden structure, with bell-tower and clock, rooms for the gate-keeper and family, and a room for visitors. Near by is a Gardener's Lodge, and not far off, close to the Fourth Avenue, the house occupied by the Superintendent of the workmen. A cottage occupied by the Engineer of the Water Works, a commodious and neat carpenter and black- smith shop, large barn and stables, storehouse and sheds, comprise the other buildings at this entrance. Some of these erections are consequent upon the purchase of land in 1867, by which direct access to this entrance was effected. The widening of the Fourth Avenue to 120 feet, both sides being lined with trees the entire length of the Avenue, nearly four miles, and the road bed being macadamized, will render this approach very attractive and desirable for vehicles of all kinds. At the Southern Entrance, on Martense's Lane, a neat Lodge flanks the gate, and is occupied by the Assistant Superintendent of the workmen. On Battle Hill is a small cottage, occupied by an assistant of the Superintendent of Interments, and in the north-easterly boundary of the Cemetery near Ocean Hill, stands a cottage tenanted by one of the workmen. Nine dwellings in all, occupied by as many families, are within the enclosure of the Cemetery. In 1860, it was resolved to open a spacious and command- ing entrance at the northwestern corner of the Cemetery. Such an entrance, indeed, had been contemplated for many years, and would have been much earlier made, but for a series of difficulties which prevented the Trustees from ac- quiring full possession of the ground required. This Northern Entrance, commenced in 1861, was com- pleted in 1863, and constitutes, henceforth, the principal GREENWOOD CEMETERY. 151 mode of access to the Cemetery. It is situated at that point of the ground which lies nearest to the vast population of New York and Brooklyn, and may be reached, at any hour of the day, by means of the horse cars, which start in con- stant and frequent succession, from four ferries. Its outer gate closed only at night, opens upon the Filth Avenue, directly opposite to the termination of Twenty-fifth street. An approach, graded with immense labor, and which, in a few years, will be beautifully shaded, leads, by a broad and gradually widening area, to the grand entrance. The great gate-way, which faces the north, is an imposing and elabor- ate got hie edifice, solidly constructed of the best New Jersey sandstone. Two passage-ways through the massive structure are appropriated — one to funerals, the other to visitors. A room for the latter to rest in, and fire proof offices for the Cemetery business, occupy the lower part of the building. Upwards it terminates in three lofty pinnacles. The entire structure, built after designs by R. Upjohn & Son, is 132 feet Q inches long, and 40 feet deep. The central pinnacle is 106 feet high. There is a bell for the passing procession, and a clock to strike the hours. The deep, triangular recesses of the pediments above the two gate-ways are filled in, on both sides, with groups of sculpture formed of Nova Scotia sand- stone. These four groups represent, in durable material and strong relief, viz. : The Saviour's Entombment ; His Resur- rection ; the Resurrection of the Widow's Son and Raising of Lazarus. Still higher up, on the four shields which sur- mount the quatre foils, are figures in relief of Faith, of Hope, of Memory, and of Love. The conception and execution of all this expressive and appropriate sculpture are due to Mr. John Moffit, an ingenious young artist. Those scenes familiar to every reader of the Gospel narrative will, it is hoped, lift the thoughts of many afflicted mourners, as they enter and as they leave this home of the dead, to Him who is the Re- surrection and the Life. To this structure — by far the most imposing feature of Greenwood, and its fit vestibule, — we invite your special attention. It belongs not to Pagan, but to Christian archi- tecture. Its breadth, massiveness and height are sufficient to invest it with dignity and impressivcness. In its form it exhibits that pleasing union of firm solidity and airy grace, which marks the best specimens of Gothic art. In its 152 GREENWOOD CEMETERY. sculptured pediments it presents life like pictures of those sacred scenes, which have consoled and cheered the Chris- tian mouruer for more than eighteen hundred years. The masonry of these walls is of tie most skilful and substantial character, while the material is one of the most beautiful, and, as we firmly believe, one of the most durable of all our buildings of stone. Such is the structure which is now committed to the care of the present and of coming generations, in full confidence lhat it will become, as years roll on, more and more an object of interest and admiration. The original entrance being no longer needed, is closed, and its rustic structures have been taken down. A neat stone cottage, in harmony with the architecture of the new gate, has been erected near it, fur the porter's use. Adjoin- ing this is a commodious stable for horses employed on the ground by the superini endent of interments and the sur- veyor ; and, in the rear of the stable, two large buildings for the reception of tools, and for storage purposes. A dwelling- house, conveniently near the entrance is occupied by the superintendent of interments, and one, more recently built, for the assistant superintendent, is close by. To all these buildings gas is supplied, and also water from the Brooklyn City mains. Everything connected with these improvements has been done in the most substantial and thorough manner, with a view, not only to present appearance, but to permanent duration and effect It is an incidental, but by no means unimportant, result of these changes, that some of the choicest grounds in the whole Cemetery, heretofore inapplicable to burial purposes, have now been graded and prepared for sale. Large receiving tombs have been constructed on the edge of Arbor Water, which have proved ample, thus far; for every requirement. The entire surface of the Cemetery has been surveyed with trigonometrical precision, and has been divided into rectangular sections, where practicable, of three hundred square feet each. By reference to the field-book, in which these are all plotted, and where the occupied lots are duly entered, every foot of ground within the enclosure may be defined, or identified, with absolute certainty. As another result of this survey, a new and larger map has been con- structed, and is ready for use. The visitor may now avail GREENWOOD CEMETERY. 153 nimself of a plain and perfectly reliable chart, on which he will find depicted not only numerous and various inequali- ties of these grounds, but all their avenues and paths clearly delineated and distinctly named. It would be difficult to make anything like an accurate estimate of the vast amount which has been expended by individual proprietors on the many thousand lots already sold. Several hundred tombs have been constructed — and their vaults, whether placed in side-hills or sunk in the ground, are generally of massive stone-work and durable masonry. The side-hill tombs, are in most cases, fronted "by architectural facades, various in form, and often beauti- ful. In addition to a great number of horizontal tablets, and small headstones, the Cemetery contains probably more than two thousand monuments of marble, of sienite, or of sandstone. These, as might be expected, vary greatly in magnitude and style, and range from forms quite simple and Inexpensive, to others of great size and costly decoration. "The number of interments made in the Cemetery is now about one hundred and fifty thousand. With the results of the experiment thus far, as exhibited in the improvements of the Cemetery, and in its daily management, the community for whose benefit it was de- signed, seems to be more than satisfied. It may well be •questioned, whether, anywhere else, or ever before, a place of burial has awakened an interest so deep and wide ; — an interest, evinced not only by the rapidly increasing demand for lots and graves, but by the thronging thousands who daity visit the spot. Since the time when, amid alternations of hope anddis- eouragement, the foundations of this institution were laid, a great change has taken place in the public sentiment of our community. It is not now necessary to urge the manifold evils of intramural interment, or to present and portray the immense superiority of rural sepulture ; for the former are no longer denied or doubted — and the latter has been prac- tically demonstrated. The question may be looked upon as settled. Cities cease to endure within their limits the offen- sive and pestilential danger. The prejudices of early asso- ciation, and even the ties of love and kindred, cannot longer reconcile the minds of any to the crowded church-yard vault. 154 GREENWOOD CEMETERY. Those very feelings, so natural and so strong, which long bound thousands to an objectionable practice, have now set in another and better direction. Beneath the verdant and flowery sod — beneath green and waving foliage — amid tran- quil shades, where Nature weeps in all her dews, and sighs in every breeze, and chants a requiem by each warbling bird — the dying generations of this great metropolis will hence- forth be sepulchred. Already, around our Greenwood, cling the strong affec- tions of many thousand hearts. Here lie the parent, the wife, the husband, the child, the lover, and the friend, once dearer to the surviving mourner than all else on earth. Hither often those survivors come, to weep and meditate unseen. And here, by the mouldering relics of what was once so dear, do they hope, at last, to lie down themselves. Nor are these grounds destitute of that broader interest which attaches itself to the names and memories of those who have made themselves illustrious by deeds of greatness or lives of goodness. Here crumble the frail tenements, in which learning and piety, patriotism and courage, once made their glorious home. If the brief experience of the past has accomplished so much, what expectations of the future may not safely be indulged? What tender associations, what kindling memories, what inspiring thoughts, what Christian hopes, will be awakened in the breasts of those who, at some coming and not distant day, shall explore this silent city of the dead ! Long may this fair enclosure be preserved, unmarred by mistaken taste — undesecrated by rude hands. Let the worn and weary citizen still find here a momentary but soothing retreat from bustle and toil. Here may Sorrow and pensive Meditation ever find a home. And hither let even the idle and the thoughtless come to learn the lesson of their own mortality from the eloquent but unobtrusive teachings of the tomb. HINTS AND RULES FOR VISITORS. While we allow that those who ride or drive through the principal avenues, may see and may enjoy much, it is still true that the pedestrian alone becomes acquainted with Greenwood. He only finds the cross-roads — climbs the hills — dives into the dells, and wanders at will through GREENWOOD CEMETERY. 155 scores of sequestered and leafy paths. Among the hundred and twenty-five thousand graves in this Cemetery, there is many a monument, beautiful or queer — many an epitaph, appiopriate or absurd, touching or laughable — many a memorial of true love and grief, as well as of harmless vanity and aping fashion — which the great majority of visitors never see, and know nothing of. We would advise those who have the leisure for it, to take one part at a time. Fix on a certain portion of the ground for the extent of a single ramble, and explore it thoroughly with your guide book and Map. A few visits made in this way will accomplish the whole, easily, satisfactorily, yes, delightfully. Proprietors of lots are entitled to admittance at all times on showing their tickets, but on Sundays only on foot, unless they have special permits from the office of the Cemetery. Persons not proprietors will be admitted at all times, except on Sundays, by procuring tickets at the office of the Cemetery. None but Lot-Owners, and their households, will be ad- mitted on horseback, and they only by obtaining a special ticket of admission at the Office of the Cemetery. Fast driving is strictly prohibited. Driving on the paths not allowed. Smoking not allowed. Dogs will not be admitted. Persons having baskets, or any like articles, must, during their stay in the grounds, leave them in charge of the Keepers of the Gates. Ko horses may be left by the driver unfastened. All persons are prohibited from picking any flowers, either wild or cultivated, or breaking any tree, shrub, or plant. All persons are prohibited from writing upon, defacing, or injuring any monument, fence, or other structure in or belonging to the Cemetery. Any person disturbing the quiet and good order of the place by noise, or other improper conduct, or who shall violate any of the foregoing rules, will be compelled instantly to leave the grounds. The Keepers of the Gates are charged to prohibit the en- trance of all improper persons, though presenting tickets, 156 GREENWOOD CEMETERY. and all those who may be known to have, at any time, wil- fully transgressed the regulations of the Cemetery. Persons going to Greenwood can take Hamilton or Ful- ton Ferry Boats to Brooklyn, thence by street cars, which .run every few minutes direct to Greenwood. PRICE OF LOTS, &C The price of lots range, generally, from $300 to $600 each, according to their location. Smaller plots, but not less than one-fourth of a lot, will be sold at a small advance above the proportionate rates. These prices include all charges for grading and for mowing the grass as often as may be needed. The size of each lot is 14 by 27 feet. The Surveyor or Superintendent of Interments will always be on the grounds to aid those wishing to purchase. The form of the lots varies sometimes according to cir- cumstances, depending upon the peculiar surface of the gt-ound, and the character of the improvements contemplated. Tnus, lots are given in circular, square, oblong, octagonal or oval form, as the circumstances of each case render desirable. Proprietors may dispose of their lots, and have the transfer recorded on the books of the company by the payment of two dollars for each transfer. The proprietor of each lot shall have the right to erect any proper stones, monuments, or sepulchral structures thereon, except that no slab shall be set in any other than a horizontal position ; that no vault shall be built entirely or partially above ground, without permission of the Company, and that all monuments, and all parts of vaults above ground, shall be of cut stone, granite or marble. The proprietor of ea< h lot shall also have the right to cultivate trees, shrubs, and plants in the same ; but no tree, growing within the lot or border, shall be cut down or destroyed, without the con- sent of the Company. No wall exceeding eighteen inches in height above the surface, nor iron railing exceeding three feet in height, may be erected without special permission being obtained. No person allowed to be interred in the Cemetery who shall have died in any prison, or shall have been executed for any crime. ENVIRONS OF THE CITY. 157 The Charter authorizes the Corporation to receive upon trust any donation or bequest for the purpose of improving or embellishing the Cemetery generally, or any cemetery lot, and for the erection, preservation, and renewal of any monumental structure and enclosure. All moneys received have been thus applied, either in immediate expenditure, or in the formation of a Permanent Improvement Fund, which, when augmented by future sales, will afford an adequate income, before the lots are all sold to keep the grounds and improvements perpetually in per- fect order. This Fund amounted, on the 1st January 1872 to nearly $600,000. THE ENVIRONS OF THE CITY. The environs of New York abound in picturesque retreats for the lover of rural beauty. Not only are abundant facili- ties rendered available to the pleasure tourist, in the multi- plicity of modes of conveyance by land or by water, but the geographical position of the metropolis places within the circuit of a few miles almost every variety of beautiful scenery, as well as villages, towns, and localities of historic interest. For a cool sea-breeze and pleasing aquatic excur- sion, the trip by the steamer for Shrewsbury and Long Branch, or Coney Island, will be found full of interest. Boats for the former leave foot of Robinson street North River, and Peck Slip, East River, daily ; for the latter the boat starts from the foot of Battery Place. STATEN ISLAND Is a place of much attraction as a summer resort, and the boats make the trip every hour from Whitehall Dock, near the Battery. Ihe scenery is exceedingly fine; aijd the drives to the Telegraph Station, Stapleton, Richmond, New Brighton, with their clusters of beautiful villas and country seats, are full of attraction. 158 ENVIRONS OF THE CITY. HOBOKEN. On the New Jersey shore is Hoboken, with its Elysian fields and pleasure grounds, the bold bluffs of Weohawken, the Sybil's cave, and the memorable spot of the duel between Colonel Burr and General Hamilton. The boats for Hoboken leave every half-hour from Canal street, Barclay street, and Christopher street ferries. FLUSHING. A pleasant trip to the entrance of Long IslaiuJ Sound brings one to Flushing — a remarkably rural and picturesque town, with extensive botanic gardens, nurseries, and numer- ous elegant residences. It is a chosen suburban retreat of the New Yorkers. The Flushing boat leaves twice a day the dock adjoining the Fulton Ferry. Bay Side, situated about four miles from Flushing, is a delightful place for a day's excursion ; the scenery is beauti- ful, and the bay is famous for its clams — a roast of chowder served up in primitive style being one of the features of the place. This place can be reached by private conveyance only, but which can be obtained at Flushing at moderate charges. FORT HAMILTON. An attractive place on the southwestern shore of Long Island, about five miles from the city; and CONEY ISLAND, A short distance beyond, forming a part of Gravesend Town- ship. It can be reached by boat from Pier No. 1, North River, or by cars from Brooklyn. Time was when this sea-girt, barren sand-heap, was the only fashionable sea-bathing resort for New-Yorkers, and when its beach was thronged with the beauty and the refinement of Manhattan Island and Brooklyn. But its nearness to the city, and the increasing facilities of reaching it, caused it to be speedily monopolised, with few exceptions, by the rougher classes and loose characters, and it was long ago abandoned by the " upper ten" for fresher waves and beaches more remote. ENVIRONS OF THE CITY. 159 JAMAICA, Which is easy of access by the L. I. Railroad, South Ferry, which leaves three or four times a day, is an interesting old rural town, and is the highway of communication to Hemp- stead, Greenpoint, Rockaway and Montauk : the last-named on the extremity of the island, affords a magnificent view of the broad ocean, which there skirts the horizon in almost every direction. There is a remnant of the pure Indian still living on this eastern extremity of the coast. throg's point Is another pleasing excursion. Sixteen miles from the city. It is the termination, at Long Island Sound, of Throgg's, or rather Throgmorton's Neck. From this headland, which divides the East River from the Sound, a very splendid view is obtained. Fort Schuyler, on the point, and Pelham Bridge, may be embraced in this excursion. ASTORIA. An eighth excursion may take for its terminus the thriving village of Astoria, six miles to the north east of New York. The academy, botanic gardens, &c. are worthy of notice ; but its most interesting feature is the singular whirlpool in its ijeighborhood, denominated Hell Gat — 41 Helle Gate''— by the Dutch. MONTAUK. On the extremity of Long Island, and almost surrounded by water, affords a magnificent view of the broad Atlantic, which here laps the horizon in almost every direction. One of the most interesting features of the neighborhood is a remnant of the pure Indian still living on the eastern extremity of the coast. They mostly subsist by fishing, their dress and manners are rude and picturesque and they still retain, in a small measure, the dialect of their red forefathers. CROTON DAM. A visit to the great Croton Aqueduct is one of the most interesting expeditions, as well as the easiest, that could be 160 FORTS AND FORTIFICATIONS. devised. The village of Croton is about 35 miles from the- city, which is reached best by the Hudson River Raihoad The famous Dam pertaining to the works is well worthy of a visit. The lake, measuring five miles, covers an area of 400 acres; it is formed by a dam 250 long, and 38 feet wide at the base, allowing a discharge of 60 million gallons of water daily. FORTS AND FORTIFICATIONS. The national defences of New York comprise the follow ing: — The strong fortifications of the Narrows — on the one side Forts Tompkins and Fort Richmond at the lower verge of the Staten Island shore. These fortifications are quite new, are constructed of grey stone, mounted with guns of large calibre, and are among the most imposing objects that first greet the vision of the passenger from the water-waste. The water-battery is the most fort-like in appearance, but, in the event of a fleet of iron clads undertaking to force an entrance, would probably prove more vulnerable than the batteries on the heights, from which a continuous volley of plunging shot could be directed with as much effect as from Gibral- tar or any stronghold in the world. Opposite, on the Long Island shore, is the formidable Fort Hamilton, which numbers in its armament several of the celebrated Rodman guns, whose iron spherical shot of one thousand pounds would prove disagreeable to the sides of almost any iron ship-of-war that floats ; and also the old round, red lort Lafayette, isolated in the waves, and likely to prove more famous as a rebel prison than as an impreg- nable fortress in these days of improved warfare. 1 o protect the inner haibor, there are Forts Columbus and Castle Willinm on Governor's Island, and the works on Bed- low's and Ellis Islands. Castle William, measuring 600 feet in circumference, and FORTS AND FORTIFICATIONS. 161 60 feet high, is a circular stone battery connecting with Fort Columbus on the same Island. Here are barracks and a corps of U. S. troops. Governor's Island — formerly known as Nut Island, from its formerly being covered with nut trees — was in colonial times, used by the English Governors as pleasure grounds. The several fortifications here may be easily seen by taking a boat from Castle Garden foot of the battery. The East River or Sound defences consist of Fort Schuy- ler on Throg's Neck, a large three tier gun fortification built of gray granite. Opposite on the Long Island shore the government are erecting new works both of granite and earth. These when completed it is expected will amply protect the city from any hostile fleet approaching from the direction of Long Island Sound. firii Miss ©• W s Wmmmjk 9 - 1 - •"iiiitffi P AMD DRESSMAKING, 1213i IB IR, O .A. ID W .A. IT, Opposite to the Gilsey House. mm, mA®%WMMAW gg @@ 9 , IFIROIEvi: PARIS. Designing, French Stamping, MAMIFACTUUERS OF FRENCH PERFORATED PATTERNS. The Cheapest Place in the City. 125 FOURTH -ATSTIEJlSrTJIE, 162 FOREIGN CONSULS IN NEW YORK Argentine Republic. — E. F. Davison, 128 Piarl. Austria. — T. A. Havemeyer, 33 Broadway. Belgium.— Charles Mali, 15 Worth. Bolivia.— J M. Munoz, 63 Pine. Brazil.— Louis H. F. D'Aguinr. 13 Broadway. Chile— Stephen Rogers, 249 W. 42d. Columbia — M. Jesurun (acting), 23 William. Costa Rica. — A. C. Garsia, 19 Broad. Denmark. — C. T. Christensen, 112 Front. Dominica, — D. A. De Lima, 23 William. Ecuador. — Nicholas R. Ansado, V. C , 19 Old Slip. France. — A. L. DeLa Forest, 4 Bowling Green. German Empire. — J. Rosing, 2 Bowling Green. ^J Great Britain. — E M. Archibald, 17 Broadway. Guatemala. — B. Blanco, 13 S William. Hayti.— C. A. Vanbokkelen, 29 Eront. Hawaiian Islands. — S. U. F. Odell, 24 Beaver. Honduras.— E G. Squier, Res. Min. 135 E. 39th. Italy. — Ferdinando de Luca, 7 Broadway. Liberia. — H. M. SehiefFelin, 42 Bible House. Mexico (Republic). — Juan Navarro, 52 Exchange pi. Monaco. — L. Dejardin, 4 Bowling gr. Netherlands. — R. C. Burlage, 45 Exchange pi. Norway. — C. Bors, 18 Exchange pi. Paraguay. — R. Mullowney, 91 Wall. Peru. — J. C. Tracy, 26£ Broadway. Portugal. — M. Pereira de Sotto Major, 148 Pearl. Russia. — Waldemar de Bodisco Exchange place. Salvador. — -lose Jerman Ribon, $3 I'ine. Spain. — Hipolito de Uriarte, 29 Broadway. Switzerland. — Louis P. de Luze, 23 John. Turkey. — C. Oscanyau 66 Broadway. Uruguay. — Edwin C. B. Garsia, 19 Broad. Venezuela. — F. Rifcao. 121 Front. 163 FASHIONABLE WATERING PLACES. NEWPORT. The routes to Newport, R. L, from New York are by Fall River line of steamboats; or via New Haven, New London & Si:onington, to Wick ford, there connecting by ferry with Newport. Newport is situated on an island in Nairagansett Bay, and has long been celebrated as a healthy locality and fashionable wat jring-place. The cool sea- breezes, which moderate the he ,t of summer and the splendid views Newport affords, combine to render it an attractive and favorite resort. The hotel accommodations are unsur- passed, and private boarding-houses numerous. Visitors and invalids will find plenty of amusement in fishing, sailing, sea-bathiug, &c. Distance from New York, 165 miles. The Ocean House has first-class accommodations for 400 guests. The Fillmore and Aquidreck are the only other houses open. LONG BRANCH. Long Branch N. J., is thirty miles from New York, on the eastern shore. Steamboats "Jesse Hoyt" and "Plymouth Rock' 1 leave New York from Pier 28, North River, for Sandy Hook, connecting there with New Jersey Southern Railway for Long Branch. For those who enjoy sea-bathing, Long Branch offers par- ticular inducements. Hotels : Mansion, United States, Con- tinental, and West End. ROCKAWAY BEACH. Visitors to Rockaway Beach proceed from New York to Brooklyn, thence by South Side Railway via Jamaica. The Beach affords excellent bathing, and has become quite a fashionable watering-place. CAPE MAY. . This is a fashionable and very delightful resort during the summer months, and is much frequented by parties from Philadelphia, Baltimore, and the West. Cape May may be 164 WATERING PLACES. reached by the Philadelphia and Cape May Railway Lines, from the Ferry, foot of Market street Philadelphia, or by the steamboat lines from New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. SARATOGA. Persons visiting Saratoga from New York can take either the Hudson River or Harlem Railway cars, or the steamboat to Aibany or Troy — from Albany, via Albany division of Rensselaer and Saratoga Railway; from Troy, via Rensse- laer and Saratoga Railway. Saratoga Springs is the most celebrated watering-place in the United States, and is resorted to from all parts of the Union It is situated in northern New York, 184 miles from New York City, and 39 miles north of Albany. Saratoga Lake, seven miles from the springs, is a pretty sheet of water, with good boating and fishing. A fine car- riage-drive is now being made from the springs to the lake, which, when finished, will add much to the attractions of Saratoga. NIAGARA FALLS. These falls can be reached from New York by the Hudson River and New York Central and Erie Railways. Niagara Falls are situated on the Niagara River, fourteen miles Irom Lake Ontario, and are so famous all over the world for their stupendous size and magnificence as to render a description of them almost unnecessary. There are, how- ever, some objects of interest connected with a visit to these falls, which may be worth while pointing out to the atten- tion of the tourists. The best view that can be obtained of the whole cataract is from the Canadian shore, at a point called Table Rock. The American Fall, though nothing- like the width of the Canadian, is six feet higher than the latter, having a descent of 164 feet. At Bath Island, which is connected with the mainland and Goat Island by a bridge, visitors register their names, and, by the payment of 25c, can visit all the islands without extra charge. A stone tower forty five feet high has been erect on Terrapin Bridge, from the top of which a splendid view of the foaming waters can be had. The Biddle Stairs are on Goat Island, and have a descent of 1 80 feet in all. From the foot of these stairs there are three paths ; one leads to Crescent, or Horseshoe Falls ; WATERING PLACES. 165 another, to the right, leads to the Cave of Winds ; and the third runs to the river below. Persons wishing to pass be- hind the sheet of water will find a guide who will furnish a suitable dress at Table Rock. The rapids above the falls, and the whirlpool below, are well worthy a visit, especially the former. There are several fine hotels at Niagara Falls for the accommodation of visitors ; the International, the Cataract, near the American Fall, and. the Clinton House on the Canada side are the best. WHITE MOUNTAINS. From New York, via New York and New Haven and Connecticut River Railways ; also by way of Hudson River. The White Mountains are situated in Coose County, New Hampshire, and consists of a number of mountain peaks from four to six thousand feet in altitude, the highest of them being Mount Washington, which is 6,243 feet above the level of the sea, and possesses the greatest attraction to tourists. Its ascent has lately become quite fashionable with visitors to the mountains. The " Notch" is a narrow gorge between two enormous cliffs, extending for a distance of two miles. Its entrance is about twenty feet wide, and the mountain scenery, diversified by beautiful cascades falling over perpendicular rocks, is grand in the extreme. The principal hotels are Crawford's and the Glen House. scott,1platt & CO., 121 1 Broadway, (bet. 29th and 30th Sts.,) IMPORTERS OF CHOICE PERFUMES, RICH FANCY GOODS, FINE TOILET ARTICLES, SIPOXsTQ-ES, POCKET BOOKS, POCKET CUTLERY, G-old Pens and Pencils. Cosmetics or Preparations for the Skin, Hair Dressings and Restoratives, Brushes, Combs, and every imaginable TOILET REQUISITE, in the most complete variety, and at prices 25 T*ei' Cent, less than the usual Trade.