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CHRISTIAN LOSING HIS LOAD AT THE CROSS. 
 
THE 
 
 pilgrim'* Tfixn$Ttn: 
 
 FOR THE YOUNG: 
 
 WITH 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 
 C |j 
 
 This book will make a traveller of thee, 
 If by its counsel thou wilt ruled be ; 
 It will direct thee to the Holy Land, 
 If thou wilt its directions understand. 
 
 Bunyan. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA : 
 
 LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON. 
 
 1850. 
 
 

 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1850, by 
 
 LINDSAY & BLAKISTON, 
 
 in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States 
 for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 
 
 STEREOTYPED BY J. FAGAN. 
 PRINTED BY C. SHERMAN. 
 
LIST 
 
 OF 
 
 <£mh*lli*jnimit0. 
 
 >^i 
 
 hristian losing his Load at the Cross. . .Frontispiece." 
 "Help" taking Christian out op the slough. Page 15 
 
 Wicket Gate 22 
 
 Evangelist. giving the Roll 28 
 
 Christian passing through the Valley 45 
 
 Escape from the Doubting Castle 74 
 
 The Shepherd's Perspective Glass 79 
 
 Christian passing through the Waters 88 
 
 (iii) 
 
(Cnttbttb 
 
 PART I. 
 
 Introduction Page 7 
 
 The Beginning 13 
 
 The Gate.— The Interpreter 22 
 
 The Release.— The Hill Difficulty 27 
 
 The House Beautiful 34 
 
 Apollyon and the Valley of the Shadow 41 
 
 The Pilgrimage of Faithful 51 
 
 Doubting Castle 63 
 
 The Delectable Mountains 75 
 
 The Flatterer 81 
 
 The Passage through the Waters 86 
 
 (v) 
 
VI CONTENTS. 
 
 PART II. 
 
 Introduction to Second Part 93 
 
 The Setting forth of Christiana 95 
 
 The Pilgrims at the Gate 99 
 
 The Significant Rivers 102 
 
 Giant Grim and the Lions 109 
 
 The Sojourn at the Beautiful House 114 
 
 Christiana in the Valley of the Shadow • . 119 
 
 Old Honesty 124 
 
 The House of Gaius 128 
 
 Christiana at Vanity Fair 136 
 
 The Sacking of Doubting Castle 141 
 
 The Delectable Mountains 145 
 
 The Enchanted Ground 150 
 
 The Happy End 154 
 
THE 
 
 PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Almost two hundred years ago, there lived 
 in England a godly and pious man, whose 
 name was John Bunyan. Now John was not 
 always godly and pious, but he tells us him- 
 self, that when young, he was very wicked. 
 
 Our little readers will learn by and by, when 
 they come to study history, how a great num- 
 ber of the English people rose, and overcame 
 the rest, and condemned their king to death, 
 and caused his head to be cut off by the 
 executioner. The party that did this was 
 
 (7) 
 
8 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 called Republican. In our country we do not 
 hold such ideas of republican conduct as this 
 — but as we have said, these things happened 
 a great many years ago. The General of the 
 Republican army was named Oliver Cromwell. 
 He was a very able soldier and statesman, and 
 was made at last a king in every thing but the 
 name, in place of the unfortunate King Charles 
 I., who had been put to death. But when Oliver 
 Cromwell died, his son Richard was not able 
 to fill the place of his father, and the people 
 rejected him, and called Charles II. the son of 
 the king, to reign in his stead. All things 
 were placed on the old footing, as they stood 
 before King Charles I. was dethroned and be- 
 headed. 
 
 Certainly much wrong and bloodshed was 
 done by both parties ; for when war rages 
 among brothers of one nation, it is a great 
 deal more cruel than when two nations are 
 engaged against each other. Both sides in this 
 war were hard and tyrannical. And what made 
 
INTRODUCTION. \) 
 
 the matter worse, was that the name and cause 
 of religion, were drawn into this quarrel. 
 When the republicans were in power, their 
 soldiers defaced and injured the churches of 
 the established religion, as the Church of Eng- 
 land is called ; and put the ministers of this 
 church under unpleasant, and unjust restric- 
 tions. When the king was placed on his 
 father's throne, the government considered all 
 who were not worshippers in the established 
 church, to be opposed to the reign of Charles 
 II. ; and very severe laws were put in force 
 against them. The fear was that they would 
 overthrow the government again, or oppose it. 
 And these things show us how much better it 
 is, to let the worship of God be left to every 
 man's conscience, and not to have any partic- 
 ular church defended by the government, or 
 any particular form of Christian worship fa- 
 voured by the laws. 
 
 John Bunyan was a soldier in Cromwell's 
 army. When the kingdom was restored, he 
 
10 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 had become a preacher. Some of his enemies 
 complained against him, and he was sent to 
 jail. He thought it very hard that the laws 
 which had been made to prevent people from 
 doing evil, should press upon him who only 
 sought to do good. And so did the magistrates 
 think too ; but as he had broken the law, there 
 was no help for it, unless he would agree to 
 conduct his preaching in such a way, that the 
 law could not take hold of him. This he 
 might have done, but his views of duty would 
 not permit him. 
 
 We may be heartily glad, that we live in a 
 land where such things cannot be. And we 
 may be glad for John Bunyan, too, that he 
 had a very kind man for a jailer. The place 
 where he was imprisoned, was Bedford, about 
 fifty miles from London in England, and while 
 he was a prisoner he once took a run to Lon- 
 don, to see his friends. The jailer was very 
 much blamed for this; and Bunyan was re- 
 quired to be kept closer. He had charge of a 
 
INTRODUCTION. 11 
 
 Baptist church as pastor while he was in jail, 
 and used much of the time regularly to attend 
 the meetings. The jailer would sometimes go 
 away, and leave John Bunyan to attend to the 
 duties of the prison. His term of imprison- 
 ment lasted twelve years, and after he was 
 released he lived sixteen. He died in 1688, 
 aged 60, and was buried in London. 
 
 John Bunyan, though a very pious and good 
 man, was not a learned one ; for he was by 
 trade a tinker, and had no opportunity to learn 
 much more than to read, in his youth, and 
 when a boy he was wild and wicked. But he 
 made very good use afterward of what he 
 knew ; and very diligently studied his Bible 
 and other good books. He was also what is 
 called a genius, which means that he had great 
 natural talent. He wrote many works, and 
 one of his books, called the Pilgrim's Progress, 
 has been read and admired by more people 
 than any other book except the Bible. Learned 
 and unlearned men have read it again and 
 
12 INTRODUCTION". 
 
 again, and it has been translated into all mod- 
 ern languages. It was written in Bedford jail ; 
 and probably, if Bunyan had never been sent 
 to that jail, he would not have written this 
 book, and we might never have heard there 
 was such a man. The book has done a great 
 deal of good in the world, and will do much 
 more. It is thus that Providence often turns to 
 advantage what seems at first to be our worst 
 misfortune. So much for John Bunyan ; and 
 now we will try to give some idea of what is in 
 the Pilgrim's Progress. 
 
THE BEGINNING. 
 
 As I walked through the wilderness of the 
 world, I came to a place where was a den, and 
 laid me down in that place to sleep, and as I 
 slept, I dreamed a dream. 
 
 I dreamed that I saw a man clothed in rags, 
 with a burden on his back, and a book in his 
 hand ; and as he read the book he cried, " What 
 shall I do?" The burden on his back was 
 made up of his sins, and the book was the 
 Bible, which told him of his wickedness, and 
 he cried out to know how he should get rid of 
 his woful load. I saw in my dream that he 
 went home and told his wife, that the city 
 they lived in must be destroyed, and that he 
 and she, and all their little ones too, would 
 perish, unless they could find a way of escape. 
 
 (13) 
 
14 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 And I understood that the city in the dream 
 represents this world, and that the man's name 
 was Christian. 
 
 But Christian's wife would not hearken, and 
 his friends only laughed at him. And while 
 he was in terror, a man named Evangelist 
 came to him, and gave him a roll of parchment, 
 on which was written, "Fly from the wrath 
 to come ! " And Evangelist directed Christian 
 to the straight gate, which opens into the nar- 
 row way which leadeth to eternal life. Chris- 
 tian made all haste to run for this gate. His 
 wife and his neighbours strove to hinder him ; 
 and two, named Obstinate and Pliable, would 
 have brought him back by force. But Chris- 
 tian was resolute ; and Obstinate, out of all pa- 
 tience with him turned, back. Pliable under- 
 took to accompany him, and they travelled 
 together, talking of the heavenly country, 
 until both, being heedless of their steps, fell 
 into a bog, which is called the Slough of De- 
 spond. This Slough represents the danger of 
 
HELP " TAKING CHRISTIAN OUT OF THE SLOUGH. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 15 
 
 those who fall by pride or vain confidence, 
 and are discouraged. Christian happily work- 
 ed through, though sadly mired ; but Pliable 
 easily turned, got out the wrong way, and 
 ran back to the City of Destruction, where 
 even his old friends in wickedness laughed 
 at him for being so easily frightened. 
 
 While Christian was struggling to get out 
 of the mire, there came to him a man named 
 Help, who inquired into his difficulties, lifted 
 him out, and gave him goodly counsel. So 
 Christian was put in the way again, and 
 might, had he been wise, have kept there. 
 But being a young traveller, he was turned 
 aside by one Worldly Wiseman, who promised 
 him that he should be saved by his own 
 righteousness, instead of by taking the road 
 which Evangelist taught. 
 
 This Mr. Worldly Wiseman dwelt in the 
 town of Carnal Policy — a place not far from 
 that from which Christian had set out on his 
 journey. He knew something of Christian 
 
16 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 too, for his setting forth from the City of 
 Destruction was much talked about. So at 
 once he offered Christian advice; and the 
 first thing he told him was, that he must 
 get rid of the burden on his back. This 
 Christian told him was the very thing he 
 was anxious to do. It was for that purpose 
 he was travelling in the road where Wiseman 
 met him. This new friend at once declared 
 that Evangelist was not a good adviser, and 
 that he had directed Christian into the very 
 worst road he could follow. He told the 
 poor pilgrim that if he went on in that path, 
 he would meet wearisomeness, painfulness, 
 hunger, perils, nakedness, swords, lions, dra- 
 gons, and in a word, death. These terrible 
 things very much alarmed Christian, but still 
 he declared that if he were once rid of 
 his burden, he would not care what he met 
 in the way. 
 
 Then Worldly Wiseman began to tell Chris- 
 tian his way to get rid of the burden, pro- 
 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 17 
 
 niising that, instead of the dangers he would 
 meet in the strait and narrow way, he should 
 find safety, friendship, and content. "Now," 
 said Worldly Wiseman, "in yonder village, 
 which is called Morality, there dwells a gentle- 
 man, whose name is Legality." This gentle- 
 man, he said, had very great skill in relieving 
 people of such burdens as Christian carried. 
 "His house," said Worldly Wiseman, "is not 
 quite a mile from this place ; and if he 
 should not be at home himself, a pretty 
 young man his son, whose name is Civility, 
 can relieve you of your burden as well as 
 the old gentleman himself. And Worldly 
 Wiseman promised Christian, that beside being 
 relieved of his burden, he should find houses 
 ready to rent, and provisions cheap and good 
 in the village of Morality, and live there in 
 good credit and fashion. 
 
 Now Christian hearing so many fair reasons 
 for turning aside, was tempted to ask the way 
 to Legality's house. And when Worldly Wise- 
 2 
 
18 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 man had directed him, Christian turned out 
 of his way, as we have said, to go to this 
 village of Morality. But when he had reach- 
 ed the hill, it seemed so high, and that side 
 of it which was next the road, did hang so 
 much over, that Christian was afraid to ven- 
 ture further, lest the hill should fall on his 
 head. He stood still, and knew not what 
 he should do. And his burden was a great 
 deal heavier than when he was walking along 
 the strait path. And such flashes of fire 
 came out of the hill, that Christian began to 
 fear he should be burnt. And I understood 
 in my dream that this hill was Mount Sinai, 
 and that Worldly Wiseman had moved Chris- 
 tian by the pride of his heart to think that 
 he could demand his relief, instead of accept- 
 ing it as an act of pardoning mercy. 
 
 Christian was indeed in a woful case, and 
 could only stand and quake for fear. He was 
 heartily sorry that he had taken Worldly 
 Wiseman's advice, and disregarded good and 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 19 
 
 safe counsel. He saw Evangelist coming to- 
 ward him again, and blushed for shame. Evan- 
 gelist came to him with a severe and dreadful 
 countenance, and asked him how he came 
 there, so quickly turned out of the way. 
 Christian related what had taken place be- 
 tween him and Worldly Wiseman. And when 
 Evangelist had heard, he told Christian of 
 his danger : That he was a man running into 
 misery, because he had turned from the way 
 of peace. And Christian cried out, "Wo is 
 me, for I am undone ! " But Evangelist com- 
 forted him w r ith the hope of forgiveness, and 
 went on to tell him the bad character of his 
 adviser. " Mr. Worldly Wiseman," said Evan- 
 gelist, a is an alien, and Mr. Legality is a 
 cheat, and for his son Civility, notwithstanding 
 his simpering looks, he is but a hypocrite, 
 and cannot help thee." After this, Evangelist 
 called aloud to the heavens for the truth of 
 what he had said; and there came words 
 and fire out of the mountain over Christian's 
 
20 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 head, which made the hair of his flesh stand 
 up. The words were: "As many as are 
 of the works of the law are under the curse : 
 for it is written, Cursed is every one that 
 continueth not in all things which are written 
 in the book of the law, to do them." 
 
 Now Christian was fearfully alarmed — and 
 looked for nothing but death. He began to 
 cry out, and lamentably bewail the day that 
 he hearkened to Worldly Wiseman — but un- 
 willing to give up all hope, again addressed 
 himself to Evangelist : " Is there any hope ? 
 May I now go back, and go up to the Wicket 
 Gate ? Shall I not be abandoned for this, and 
 sent back from thence ashamed ? I am sorry 
 that I have hearkened to this man's counsel : 
 But may my sin be forgiven?" Then Evan- 
 gelist said, " Thy sin is very great, for by it 
 thou hast committed two evils : Thou hast 
 forsaken the way that is good, to tread in 
 forbidden paths ; yet will the Man at the Gate 
 receive thee, for he has good will for men ; 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 21 
 
 only take heed that thou turn not aside again, 
 lest thou perish from the way when his wrath 
 is kindled but a little." Then did Christian 
 address himself to go back ; and Evangelist 
 after he had kissed him, gave him one smile, 
 and bade him God speed. 
 
THE GATE. — THE INTERPRETER, 
 
 So Christian went on with all haste, neither 
 spake he to any man on the way, nor would 
 he answer those who spake, for fear of new 
 mishaps ; for he felt that he was on forbidden 
 ground, and he would, by no means, think 
 himself safe, until he was back where Worldly 
 Wiseman had met him. He reached, at length, 
 the gate, and over it found written : " Knock, 
 and it shall be opened unto you." He knocked 
 therefore until, at length, there came a grave 
 person, named Good Will, to the gate, and 
 asked " Who was there ? and whence he came ? 
 and what he would have?" And Christian 
 answered : " Here is a poor burthened sinner ; 
 I come from the City of Destruction, but am 
 going to Mount Zion, that I may be delivered 
 
 (22) 
 

 WICKET GATE. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 23 
 
 from the wrath to come ; I would therefore, 
 Sir, since I am informed that by this gate is 
 the way thither, know if you are willing to 
 let me in." 
 
 The other gladly admitted him, and kindly 
 questioned him of his past adventures, and 
 rejoiced with him on his escapes. He pointed 
 out the straight and narrow way, and told 
 Christian he must go in it. It was built up 
 by Patriarchs, Prophets, Christ and his Apos- 
 tles. It has no turnings nor windings, though 
 many false roads crooked and wide set off 
 from it ; and against these Christian was 
 warned. And I saw in my dream that Chris- 
 tian wished Good Will to release him of the 
 burden that was still upon his back ; but Good 
 Will bade him carry it until he should reach 
 the place of deliverance, and there it would 
 fall off of itself. 
 
 So Christian toiled on, and came presently 
 to the house of The Interpreter — for there 
 Good Will told him to apply. And when he 
 
24 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 was questioned here, as to who he was, he 
 answered as before, and added that he was 
 directed to call there and be shown excellent 
 things. Accordingly Interpreter welcomed 
 him in, and showed him many wonderful and 
 instructive things and pictures. And I saw 
 in my dream that Interpreter took Christian 
 by the hand, and led him into a little room, 
 where sat two children, each one in his chair. 
 The name of the eldest was Passion, and the 
 name of the other Patience. Passion seemed 
 to be much discontented, but Patience was 
 very quiet. Then Christian asked, " What 
 is the reason of the discontent of Passion ?" 
 The Interpreter answered : " The Governor 
 of them would have him stay for his best 
 things till the beginning of next year, but he 
 will have all now ; but Patience is willing to 
 wait. 
 
 Then I saw in my dream that one came to 
 Passion, and brought him a bag of treasure, 
 and poured it out at his feet. Passion gathered 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 25 
 
 it up, and rejoiced therein, and laughed Pa- 
 tience to scorn ; but awhile I beheld Passion 
 had lavished his treasure all away, and had 
 nothing left him but rags. And Interpreter 
 explained to Christian that Passion stood for 
 the man of this world, and Patience for the 
 man of that which is to come. Passion will 
 have all now, that is to say in this world. 
 The glory of the next world will never wear 
 out, while the treasures of this are suddenly 
 gone : and Patience will have the glory of his 
 wisdom, when Passion shall find his only rags. 
 Many other wonderful sights did Interpreter 
 show Christian, and among them a man in an 
 iron cage. He was sad, and sighed as if he 
 would break his heart. And this man, when 
 Christian asked him why he was so mournful, 
 said that he had done despite to the spirit of 
 grace, he had professed and called himself a 
 Christian, and yet left off to watch and be 
 sober, and having sinned against light, was 
 now given over to despair. Christian was 
 
26 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 warned by some things he saw in the house 
 of the Interpreter ; and cheered by others, 
 being put both in hope and fear. The Inter- 
 preter at length let him depart, with the 
 prayer that the Comforter should always be 
 with him, to guard him in the way. 
 
THE RELEASE.— THE HILL DIFFICULTY. 
 
 Christian went on his way, pondering on 
 what he had seen in the house of the Inter- 
 preter. And I saw in my dream that the 
 highway in which he was to go, was fenced on 
 each side ; and the name of the wall was Sal- 
 vation. Still with his burthen did Christian 
 toil on the way, till at length he came to a 
 place somewhat ascending. Upon that place 
 stood a cross, and a little below the cross a 
 sepulchre. Just as Christian came up with 
 the cross, the burthen which had weighed so 
 heavy upon him fell from his shoulders, and 
 began to tumble, and so continued till it came 
 to the mouth of the Sepulchre, where it fell 
 in, and I saw it no more. 
 
 Then was Christian glad and lightsome ; 
 
 (27) 
 
28 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 and he stood still awhile to look and wonder ; 
 for it was very surprising to him that the 
 sight of the cross should thus relieve him of 
 his burthen. He looked, therefore, and looked 
 again, until for joy and thankfulness tears ran 
 down his cheeks. Now as he stood looking 
 and weeping, behold three shining ones came 
 to him, and saluted him with " Peace be to 
 thee." And the first said to him, " Thy sins 
 be forgiven thee." The second stripped him 
 of his rags, and clothed him with a change of 
 raiment. The third set a mark on his fore- 
 head, and gave him a roll with a seal upon it, 
 which he bid him look at as he ran, and that 
 he should give it at the Celestial Gate. Then 
 Christian leaped for joy, and went on his way 
 singing. 
 
 I saw then in my dream, that Christian 
 went on thus singing, though alone, for the 
 joy in his heart. Presently he came to a low 
 place, where lay three men, with fetters on 
 their heels. The name of the one was simple, 
 
EVANGELIST GIVING THE KOLL. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 29 
 
 another Sloth, and the third was named Pre- 
 sumption. Christian, desirous of awaking 
 these men out of their danger, went up to 
 them and cried out " You are like men that 
 sleep on the top of a mast ; for the Dead Sea 
 is under you, a gulf which hath no bottom : 
 awake therefore, and come away ; be willing 
 also, and I will help you off with your irons." 
 He also said to them, If he that goeth about 
 as a roaring lion comes by, you will certainly 
 be a prey to his teeth. But Simple said, "I 
 see no danger," Sloth said "Yet a little more 
 sleep ! " and Presumption repaid his kind inter- 
 ference by declaring, " Every tub must stand 
 upon its own bottom." So they lay down to 
 sleep again, and Christian went on his way, 
 since he could not arouse them. 
 
 Presently as he walked, two men came 
 tumbling over the walk on the left-hand side, 
 and their names were Formalist and Hypocrisy. 
 Christian asked them whence they came, and 
 whither they would go ; and they said, " We 
 
30 THE PILGIRM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 were born in the land of Vain Glory, and are 
 going for praise to Mount Zion." 
 
 Christian had some talk with them, about 
 the irregular and improper mode by which 
 they entered the way, and reminded them 
 that it is written, "He that cometh not in by 
 the door, but climbeth up some other way, 
 the same is a thief and a robber." But they 
 would not be convinced, and reviled him that 
 the coat on his back was, as they said, given 
 him by some of his neighbours, to hide his 
 nakedness. Christian answered that the coat 
 was indeed given him by the Lord of the 
 place whither he went, and that it was kindly 
 given indeed, as they said, to cover his naked- 
 ness. He said that by this coat, the Lord of 
 the Celestial City would know him ; and he told 
 them also of the Roll which had been given him, 
 and of the mark on his forehead. "All these 
 things," said Christian, "I doubt you want, 
 and want them because you came not in at the 
 Gate." 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 31 
 
 The strangers made Christian no answer, 
 but looked on each other and laughed. So all 
 three went on to the foot of the Hill Difficulty, 
 Christian holding no more converse with them, 
 but communing with himself. Now when 
 they came to the foot of the Hill, there were 
 found there two other ways, which turned to 
 the right and to the left — but the narrow way 
 led straight up the Hill. At the foot there 
 was a spring, at which Christian refreshed 
 himself, and began ascending. But Formality 
 and Hypocrisy thinking the side paths easier, 
 turned into those ways. The name of the one 
 road was Danger, and the other Destruction : he 
 who turned into the first was led into a dark 
 wood, and he who wandered in the second, 
 stumbled and fell to rise no more. 
 
 I saw in my dream that Christian, in going 
 up the hill, was compelled to slacken his pace ; 
 from running he walked, and from walking 
 stooped to his hands and knees, because of the 
 steepness of the place. About mid-way up 
 
6Z THE PILGRIMS PROGRESS. 
 
 the hill there was a pleasant arbor, made by 
 the Lord of the hill for the refreshment of 
 weary travellers. There Christian stopped to 
 read in his parchment Roll, and rest, and rest- 
 ing, fell asleep ; and in his sleep the Roll fell 
 out of his hand. But as he slept there came 
 one to him who said : " Go to the ant, thou 
 sluggard ; consider her ways and be wise." 
 Christian suddenly started up at the warning, 
 and hastened on his journey, nor did he stop 
 again until he had reached the top of the hill. 
 When he had gained the top, there awaited 
 him a new terror. Two men came running 
 towards him ; the name of one of them being 
 Timorous, the other Mistrust. Christian ques- 
 tioned them why they should be running the 
 wrong way ; and they answered that they 
 were on their journey to Mount Zion, but the 
 farther they went, the more danger they met. 
 They had just seen a couple of lions in the 
 path, whether asleep or awake they could not 
 tell, and, fearing to be torn in pieces, had 
 turned their backs on the Celestial City. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 33 
 
 Christian was afraid; but whither should 
 he flee ? If he returned to his own country- 
 he was sure to perish — if he could reach the 
 Celestial City, he could there dwell in safety. 
 So he determined to push forwards, though 
 Mistrust and Timorous had run down the hill. 
 Their fright had somewhat discouraged him ; 
 and he felt in his bosom for the Roll, which 
 had hitherto comforted him in every strait. 
 It was not there ! 
 
 In great distress, and bewailing the careless- 
 ness which had brought him into such a diffi- 
 culty, he turned back — not like Timorous and 
 Mistrust, to run away from danger, but to find 
 again the Roll which had been his comfort. 
 He remembered the Israelites, who, for their 
 sin, were sent back to wander in the desert, 
 and thought his case was like theirs. But, to 
 i his great joy, when he had come again to the 
 place where he had lost his treasure, he dis- 
 covered it, and caught it up, and placed it in 
 his bosom. 
 3 
 
THE HOUSE BEAUTIFUL. 
 
 Who can tell how happy this man was, 
 when he had secured his Koll again — for this: 
 Koll was the assurance of his life and accept- 
 ance at the Gate of the Celestial City. With 
 many thanks to God for directing his steps to 
 the place where it lay, he betook himself with 
 diligence to his journey. But the sun set 
 upon Christian before he reached the top of 
 the hill, and he began to be fearful on account 
 of the lions ; for, he said to himself, Those 
 beasts range at night for their prey, and il 
 they come upon me in the dark, how shall ] 
 avoid them ? How shall I escape being torr 
 in pieces ? While he thus bewailed his un ( 
 happy miscarriage, he lifted up his eyes, anclj 
 behold there was a very stately palace befor< j 
 
 (34) 
 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 35 
 
 him, the name of which was called Beautiful, 
 and it stood just by the highwaj^ side. 
 
 So I saw in my dream that he made haste, 
 and entered a narrow passage, which was about 
 a furlong off from the Porter's Lodge. Look- 
 ing narrowly before him, he saw the two lions 
 which had frightened Timorous and Mistrust. 
 He was afraid, and was sore tempted to turn 
 and run as they had done ; but the Porter, 
 whose name was Watchful, called to him, and 
 1 bade him not fear, for the lions were chained, 
 1 and placed there only to try his faith. And 
 1 Watchful told him to keep in the midst of the 
 J path and no harm should come to him. So 
 he did, though with fear and trembling; he 
 ; heard the lions roar, but they did him no 
 harm, and he reached the gate in safety. 
 The Porter told him, in answer to his ques- 
 tion, that the house was built by the Lord of 
 the Hill for the relief and security of Pilgrims. 
 Then the Porter asked, Whence he was ? and 
 Whither he was going ? 
 
36 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 Christian answered, "I am come from the 
 city of Destruction, and am going to Mount 
 Zion ; but because the sun is now set, I desire 
 if I may lodge here to-night. My name is 
 now Christian, but my name at the first was 
 Graceless. And he furthermore acknowledged 
 to Watchful, the reason why he was belated ; 
 that he had slept and dropped his Roll, and 
 lost time in recovering it. Then Watchful, 
 according to the custom of the place, rang a 
 bell, and summoned a maiden named Discre- 
 tion, and she, after hearing his tale, smiled 
 upon him, while tears stood in her eyes. 
 Then she called out three others of the family 
 of the Beautiful House, whose names were 
 Prudence, Piety, and Charity. And they and 
 many more welcomed him in, and said, " Come 
 in, thou blessed of the Lord ; this house was i 
 built by the Lord of the Hill, on purpose to 
 entertain such Pilgrims in." And while supper 
 was made ready, they passed the time in 
 discourse upon the dangers which Christian 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 37 
 
 had passed, and the things which he had seen, 
 and the reason why he desired to go to Mount 
 Zion. Christian said, ""There I hope to see 
 him alive that did hang dead on the Cross ; 
 there I hope to be rid of all those things that 
 to this day are in me, an annoyance to me ; 
 there they say is no death, and there I shall 
 dwell, with such company as I like best. 
 For, to tell you truth, I love Him, because I 
 was by Him eased of my burden. And I am 
 weary of my inward sickness ; I would fain 
 be where I shall die no more, and with the 
 company that shall continually cry, Holy, 
 Holy, Holy ! " Christian talked also weeping 
 of his wife and children, who being afraid to 
 lose this world, and given also to its foolish 
 delights, suffered him to go on pilgrimage 
 alone. At supper their talk was of the Lord 
 of the Hill, and what He had done. And 
 when they had thus conversed till late, they 
 betook themselves to rest ; and the chamber 
 in which Christian rested was called Peace. 
 
38 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 In the morning they would not suffer Chris- 
 tian to depart, until they had showed him the 
 rarities of that place. And I saw in my 
 dream, how they showed Christian the Records. 
 And I understood that these Records are found 
 in the Holy Bible. And I saw in the armory 
 where they showed him the whole armor of 
 God, enough to equip as many men as there 
 are of the stars of heaven for multitude. 
 And they showed him ancient things, as the 
 Rod of Moses, and the sling with which David 
 slew Goliath. With these wonders and many 
 more, Christian was delighted. 
 
 So passed the first day and the second, and 
 on the third they besought him still to stay, 
 that, from the top of the house, he might see 
 the Delectable Mountains ; and behold at a 
 great distance he saw a most pleasant moun- 
 tainous country, beautified with woods, vine- 
 yards, fruit of all sorts, flowers also, with 
 springs and fountains, very delectable to be- 
 hold. And they told him the name of the 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 39 
 
 country was Immanuel's Land. And they 
 said : " It is as common as this Hill is to, and 
 for all Pilgrims ; and when thou comest there, 
 from thence thou mayst see to the Gate of the 
 Celestial City, as the Shepherds that live there 
 will make appear." 
 
 Nor did they suffer Christian to depart until 
 they had taken him again to the armory, and 
 there equipped him with armor of proof, from 
 head to foot, lest he should meet assaults in 
 the way. At the gate of the house, as he 
 would depart, the Porter told him of his friend 
 Faithful, who had passed the house on his 
 way. Discretion, Piety, Charity and Prudence 
 accompanied Christian down the Hill, to the 
 Valley of Humiliation ; for Prudence said : 
 " It is a hard matter for a man to go down, 
 and catch no slips by the way." Christian 
 went down very warily, and yet made a few 
 mis-steps — for if the Hill is difficult going up, 
 it is dangerous going down. 
 
40 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 Then I saw in my dream that those good 
 companions, when Christian had reached the 
 bottom of the Hill, gave him a loaf of bread, 
 a bottle of wine, and a cluster of raisins, and 
 then he went on his way. 
 
 
APOLLYON AND THE VALLEY OF THE 
 SHADOW. 
 
 Poor Christian had gone but a little way in 
 the Valley of Humiliation, before he espied a 
 foul fiend coming over the field to meet him ; 
 his name is Apollyon. Then Christian began 
 to be afraid, and to cast in his mind whether 
 he should go back or stand his ground. But 
 he remembered that he had no armor for his 
 back, and therefore thought that to turn 
 would be sure death. So he considered that 
 if he had no greater purpose than to save 
 his life, it would be better to stand. The 
 monster Apollyon was hideous to behold. He 
 was clothed with scales, like a fish : he had 
 wings like a dragon, feet like a bear, out of 
 his belly came fire and smoke, and his mouth 
 was as the mouth of a lion. With a disdain- 
 
 (41) 
 
42 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 ful countenance he asked Christian : " Whence 
 came you, and whither are you bound ?" 
 
 " I am come from the City of Destruction," 
 said Christian, " which is the place of all evil, 
 and I am going to the City of Zion." Then 
 Apollyon claimed him as one of his subjects. 
 Christian answered that he was indeed born 
 in the monster's dominions, but the wages were 
 such as he could not live on, for u the wages 
 of sin is death." And Christian declared he 
 had entered the service of another, even the 
 King of Princes. Apollyon with artful words 
 strove to win him back. He told Christian 
 that he had been already unfaithful to his new 
 master, and recounted to him his different 
 slips and back-slidings. But Christian an- 
 swered : " All this is true, and much more that 
 thou hast left out; but the Prince whom I 
 serve and honour is merciful, and ready to 
 forgive : but besides, these infirmities pos- 
 sessed me in thy country, the City of Destruc- 
 tion, whence I came out. There I sucked 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 43 
 
 them in, and I have groaned under them, 
 been sorry for them, and have obtained par- 
 don from my Prince." 
 
 Then Apollyon broke into a rage, and de- 
 claring himself an enemy to that Prince, swore 
 a horrid oath that Christian should go no 
 farther, and planted his vile form directly in 
 the way. At the same time he threw a flam- 
 ing arrow at Christian, but he was provided 
 with the shield which will quench the fiery 
 darts of the wicked, and turned the deadly 
 weapon aside. Christian drew his sword, for 
 he saw it was time to bestir himself. 
 
 Now Apollyon rained his darts upon poor 
 Christian, as thick as hail, and notwithstand- 
 ing all he could do to defend himself, he was 
 wounded thereby in his head, his hand, and 
 his foot. Christian fell a little back, and 
 Apollyon pressed him hard — but Christian 
 again took courage, and resisted as manfully 
 as he could. The combat had now lasted half 
 a day, and Christian being almost spent, Apol- 
 
44 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 lyon closed with him, and gave him a dreadful 
 fall. And as he fell, his sword flew out of 
 his hand, and Apollyon now felt sure of his 
 death ; but just as the fiend was about to in- 
 flict the last blow, Christian nimbly recovered 
 his sword. " Rejoice not against me, mine 
 enemy," cried Christian, " when I fall I shall 
 arise !" and with that, Christian gave Apollyon 
 a deadly blow, which made the fiend give back, 
 as one who had received a mortal wound. 
 Christian followed his advantage, and made at 
 him again, saying, " Nay in all these things 
 we are more than conquerors, through them 
 that loved us." With that Apollyon spread 
 out his dragon's wings and flew away, and 
 Christian saw him no more. 
 
 It was a terrible combat, and no man who 
 saw and heard not, could imagine the yelling 
 and hideous noise of Apollyon, and on the 
 other hand, the piteous sighs and groans of 
 Christian. And I saw in my dream that 
 Christian gave in all, not one pleasant look 
 
_ y" 
 
 CHRISTIAN PASSES THROUGH THE VALLEY. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 45 
 
 till he perceived that he had wounded Apol- 
 lyon with Hs two edged sword — and then in- 
 deed he did smile and look upward. And 
 when the dragon had sped away, Christian 
 gave thanks to Him that had helped him 
 against Apollyon. 
 
 Then there came to Christian a hand, with 
 some of the leaves of the Tree of Life. These 
 Christian applied to the wounds which he had 
 received in the contest with Apollyon, and was 
 immediately healed. He strengthened him- 
 self also with the refreshments which had been 
 given him by the family of the House Beauti- 
 ful, and taking his sword in his hand, walked 
 safely through the Valley of Humiliation. 
 
 Now at the end of the Valley of Humilia- 
 tion there was another, called the Valley of 
 the Shadow of Death. It is a wilderness, a 
 land of deserts and pits, a land of drought, — 
 and none dwell therein. And here Christian 
 was worse put to it than by his fight with 
 Apollyon. At the entrance he met two men 
 
46 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 making haste to go back, even as Timorous 
 and Mistrust had fled from the lions. But 
 though they gave a terrific account of the 
 place, yet was Christian not daunted. They 
 said that they had seen in the place the Hob- 
 goblins, Satyrs, and Dragons of the pit. They 
 reported that they had heard in that valley a 
 continual howling and yelling, as of people 
 under unutterable misery, who sat there bound 
 in affliction and irons. Over that valley, said 
 they, hang the discouraging clouds of Confu- 
 sion : Death also doth always spread his wings 
 over it. In a word, it is every whit dreadful, 
 being utterly without order. But Christian 
 only saw in their description that this must be 
 his way — and while the runaways hastened 
 in their apostasy, Christian walked calmly on, 
 with his sword in his hand, lest he should be 
 assaulted. 
 
 I saw then in my dream, so far as this 
 valley reached that there was on the right 
 hand a very deep ditch. That ditch it is into 
 
the pilgrim's progress. 47 
 
 which the blind have led the blind in all ages, 
 and have both there miserably perished. Again, 
 behold on the left hand, there is a very danger- 
 ous quag, into which if even a good man falls, 
 he finds no bottom for his foot to stand on. 
 Into that quag King David once did fall, and 
 had no doubt therein been smothered, had not 
 He that is able plucked him out. 
 
 The pathway was here also exceeding narrow, 
 and therefore good Christian was the more put 
 to it ; for when he sought in the dark to shun 
 the ditch on one hand, he was ready to fall 
 over into the mire on the other ; also when 
 he sought to escape the mire, without great 
 carefulness he would be ready to fall into the 
 ditch. Thus he went on, and I heard him 
 sigh bitterly ; for beside the danger mentioned 
 above, the path-way was here so dark, that 
 oft-times, when he lifted up his foot to set 
 forward, he knew not where, or upon what 
 he should set it next. 
 
 About the midst of the Valley, I perceived 
 
48 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 the mouth of Hell to be, and it stood hard by 
 the way-side. Now, thought Christian, what 
 shall I do? And ever and anon, the flame 
 and smoke would come out in such abundance, 
 with sparks and hideous noises, things that 
 cared not for Christian's sword, as Apollyon 
 did before, that he was forced to put up his 
 sword, and betake himself to another weapon, 
 called All-Prayer ; so he cried in my hearing, 
 " Lord, I beseech thee, deliver my soul ! " 
 Thus he went on a great while, yet still the 
 flames would be reaching towards him. Also 
 he heard doleful voices, and rushings to and 
 fro, so that sometimes he thought that he 
 should be torn in pieces, or trodden down, like 
 mire in the streets. These frightful sights 
 were seen, and these dreadful noises were 
 heard by him for miles together. 
 
 And I saw in my dream that coming to a 
 place where he thought he heard a company 
 of fiends coming towards him, Christian was 
 at a stand again. Sometimes he had half a 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 49 
 
 thought to go back, but remembering that he 
 had already vanquished many a danger, he 
 cried out, " I will walk in the strength of the 
 Lord," and the evil spirits gave way before 
 him. There were sad temptations and evil 
 whisperings in his ears, and all the might and 
 arts of Satan were employed to buffet him ; 
 but at length he found consolation in a voice 
 which seemed to go before him saying, " Though 
 I walk in the Valley of the Shadow of Death, 
 I will fear none ill ; for thou art with me." 
 
 At this he was very much rejoiced ; for he 
 rightly judged that there must be others, as 
 well as himself in the Valley, who feared God, 
 and he counted to meet them presently. And 
 he perceived, moreover, that God was with 
 him though he was in that dark and dismal 
 state. And when the day broke he looked 
 back, that he might see in its light what 
 hazards he had passed through. He saw now 
 more perfectly the ditch on the one hand, and 
 the miry clay on the other ; and also the evil 
 4 
 
50 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 spirits that had so tormented him, but which 
 were now all afar off, for in the light they 
 durst not come nigh him. And he was rejoiced 
 that now the sun was rising ; for the part of 
 the road through the Valley which he had yet 
 to walk, was even more dangerous than that 
 which he had passed in the dark. For all 
 along, the road was set full of snares, gins, 
 traps and nets here, and full of pits, pit-falls, 
 deep holes, and shelvings down there ; so that 
 had it been now dark, as it was when he came 
 the first part of the way, he must have been 
 lost. Then said he, "His candle shineth on 
 my head, and by his light I go through dark- 
 ness." And in this light he came to the end 
 of the Valley of the Shadow of Death. 
 
THE PILGRIMAGE OF FAITHFUL. 
 
 Now I saw in my dream that at the end of 
 the Valley lay blood, bones, ashes, and mangled 
 bodies of men, even of Pilgrims that had gone 
 this way formerly. While I was musing what 
 should be the reason, I espied before me a 
 cave, where two giants, Pope and Pagan, 
 dwelt in old time, by whose power and tyranny 
 the men whose remains lay there, were put to 
 death. By this place Christian went without 
 much danger, whereat I somewhat wondered. 
 But I have learned since that Pagan has been 
 dead this many a day ; and as for the other, 
 though he be yet alive, he is by reason of his 
 age, and of the many encounters he met in 
 his youth, grown so weak and stiff in his 
 joints, that he now can do little more than sit 
 
 (51) 
 
52 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 in his cave's mouth, grinning at Pilgrims as they 
 go by, and biting his nails for vexation that 
 he cannot reach them. Christian went on his 
 way unharmed, though the old man called 
 after him saying, " You will never mend until 
 more of you be burnt ! " Christian could not 
 tell what to think of this, but made no answer, 
 and received no hurt. 
 
 I saw in my dream that as Christian went 
 on his way, he came to a little ascent that was 
 cast up on purpose that Pilgrims might see 
 before them, and looking forward he saw 
 Faithful, and called to him to wait and he 
 would be his companion. But Faithful answer- 
 ed, " No ; I am upon my life, and the Avenger 
 of Blood is behind me." Then Christian 
 tried with all his strength and reached Faithful 
 and outran him. Christian smiled in vain- 
 glory because he had thus gained an advantage 
 over his brother ; but his pride was rebuked, 
 for he stumbled and fell, and could not rise 
 until Faithful came to his assistance. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 53 
 
 After that they walked along very lovingly 
 together, and talked of what each had seen in 
 his pilgrimage so far. Faithful, who left the 
 city of Destruction after Christian, related to 
 him among other things, how Christian's de- 
 parture had caused a great stir and talk among 
 his townsmen of their danger, insomuch that 
 Faithful could stay no longer. Faithful in his 
 journey escaped the Slough of Despond, but 
 found some enemies whom Christian did not 
 encounter. Among these was Adam the First, 
 who dwelt in the town of Deceit, and met 
 Faithful at the Hill Difficulty. Adam tried 
 to ensnare him with The Lust of the Flesh, 
 The Lust of the Eyes, and The Pride of Life, 
 his three daughters. Faithful wavered, but 
 was warned to "put off the old man with his 
 deeds," and so escaped. But he was punished 
 under the law, by Moses, for listening to the 
 tempter. He was struck down and once 
 wounded ; but was delivered from his danger- 
 ous condition by One who had holes in His 
 
54 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 hands and His side; and by these marks, 
 Faithful knew him to be the Lord. 
 
 Faithful encountered in the Valley of Humil- 
 iation two sore enemies, Discontent and Shame, 
 who strove to make him waver by worldly 
 arguments; and reminded him that his old 
 friends, Pride, Arrogance, Self-conceit, and 
 others, would be very much offended with him 
 if he waded through the Valley. Nevertheless 
 he went on, and met no more hindrance ; nor 
 did he, like Christian, encounter Apollyon. 
 As the two friends talked together, and com- 
 pared their experience, they were overtaken 
 by one Talkative. Faithful had a mind to be 
 friends with him, and was taken with his fine 
 discourse, for he had religious words at his 
 tongue's end. But Christian, when opportunity 
 offered, cautioned his brother Pilgrim of the 
 character of this new comer. "For," said 
 Christian, who knew him, "this man is for 
 any company and any talk ; as he talketh now 
 with you, so will he talk on the ale-bench ; 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 55 
 
 and the more drink he hath in his crown, the 
 more of these things he hath in his mouth. 
 Religion hath no place in his heart or house ; 
 all he hath is in his tongue, and his religion 
 is to make a noise therewith." And Faithful 
 then putting Talkative to the test, presently 
 discovered that it was even as Christian said. 
 Therefore he plainly admonished him, and 
 Talkative was soon glad to part company. 
 
 When Talkative had left them, Faithful 
 and Christian went on their way, holding 
 sweet counsel together. And as they walked, 
 Evangelist overtook them. Both were delight- 
 ed to welcome him who had first put them in 
 the heavenly way. They told him what they 
 had seen, and how with difficulty they had 
 arrived at that place. And Evangelist re- 
 joiced with them in what they had already 
 done, and charged them to hold fast what they 
 had gained. He warned them also, of the 
 difficulties that were still before them, and of 
 the dangers which must befal them in the town 
 
56 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 in which they should shortly enter. He told 
 them that they would be hard beset with 
 enemies, who would aim at their lives, and 
 that one or both must die for his faith. " But," 
 said Evangelist, "he that shall die there, 
 though his death be unnatural, will yet have 
 the better of his fellow ; not only because he 
 will arrive at the Celestial City soonest, but 
 because he will escape many miseries that the 
 other will meet in the rest of his journey." 
 
 So the Pilgrims, when Evangelist had left 
 them, presently reached the town of Vanity. 
 At that town there is a fair kept, called Vanity 
 Fair : it is kept all the year long. It beareth 
 the name of Vanity Fair, because the Town 
 where it is kept is lighter than Vanity, and 
 because all that is there sold or that cometh 
 thither is vanity. It is a Fair of ancient 
 standing, being nearly five thousand years old, 
 and hath been set up ever since Pilgrims first 
 began to go to the Celestial City. And at 
 this Fair are sold all the merchandises and 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 57 
 
 delights of this world; and its amusements 
 are the vain follies and sins in which the 
 wicked are wont to seek pleasure. As in all 
 Fairs there is one chief commodity, so the 
 ware of Rome is the chief good of Vanity, 
 though in these latter days many have taken 
 a dislike thereat. Pilgrims must need go 
 through this Fair ; for the Prince of Princes 
 himself passed through it, and here Beelzebub 
 showed him the kingdoms of this world and 
 the glory of them 
 
 Now as Christian and Faithful entered the 
 Fair, all the people of the place were in a hub- 
 bub because of them. For their raiment was 
 different from the raiment of Vanity Fair, and 
 people made a great gazing at them. Some 
 said they were fools, and others that they were 
 Bedlamites. Their speech was different — the 
 Pilgrims spoke the language of Canaan, but 
 they that kept the fair were men of the world. 
 And what the more astonished the men of the 
 Fair, was that the Pilgrims despised their 
 
58 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 wares, and would not so much as look upon 
 them ; but if called upon to buy, would stop 
 their ears, and looking up to Heaven, cry, 
 " Turn away mine eyes from beholding vanity ." 
 At length, by one of the venders, the Pil- 
 grims were asked, " What will ye buy ?" 
 They, looking gravely upon him, said : " We 
 buy the Truth." At that, great confusion 
 rose in the Fair, some mocking and taunting 
 the Pilgrims, and some calling on others to 
 strike them. At last things reached such a 
 pass that the Pilgrims were arrested, because 
 by them, it was charged, that the Fair was 
 almost overturned. They were asked, Whence 
 they came ? Whither they went ? and, What 
 they did in such an unusual dress ? " Christian 
 and Faithful answered that they were strangers 
 and Pilgrims in the World, and were going to 
 their own country, which was the Heavenly 
 Jerusalem ; and that they had given no occa- 
 sion to the men of the town nor to the merchan- 
 dizers thus to abuse them, except that when 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 59 
 
 one asked them what they would buy, they 
 said, "We buy the Truth." 
 
 Their defence did not avail with examiners 
 who were determined to punish ; so they took 
 them and beat them, and put them in a cage 
 and besmeared them with dirt, that they 
 might be made a spectacle to all the men of 
 the Fair. There they lay, the sport of malice ; 
 but being patient and not rendering railing 
 for railing, but contrariwise blessing, it soon 
 happened that even in Vanity Fair a party 
 arose in their favor. Some men, more obser- 
 ving and less prejudiced than the rest, began 
 to blame the baser sort for their wickedness. 
 And these attacked their townsmen, calling 
 them as bad as the men in the cage. The 
 others retaliated, and while Christian and 
 faithful took no part by word or sign in the 
 fray, the men of the Fair came to blows among 
 themselves. 
 
 Then w r ere poor Christian and Faithful un- 
 justly held accountable for that in which they 
 
60 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 had no share, and beaten again, and led in 
 chains up and down, for a terror to others 
 that none should join themselves to them. 
 But so meekly and wisely did they behave 
 themselves under persecution, that it won to 
 their side several men in the Fair, though the 
 party in their favor bore no proportion to the 
 rest. This put their enemies in a still greater 
 rage, and they determined that Christian and 
 Faithful should die for their cause. So I saw 
 in my dream that they were remanded to their 
 cage again, and that their feet were set fast 
 in the stocks. Here they comforted each 
 other with what their faithful friend Evangelist 
 had told them ; and if one must die, as Evan- 
 gelist had said, to give testimony to the truth, 
 each wished in himself that it might be he. 
 But committing themselves to the all-wise dis- 
 posal of Him that ruleth all things, with much 
 content they abode in the condition in which 
 they were until they should be otherwise 
 disposed of. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 61 
 
 An indictment was soon found against them, 
 "That they were enemies and disturbers of 
 the Trade ; and that they had made commotions 
 and divisions in the town, and Avon a party to 
 their own most dangerous opinions, in contempt 
 of the law of their Prince." Now the Prince 
 of Vanity Fair is Beelzebub, whom the Pil- 
 grims defied, with all his angels. The judge 
 who tried the case was Lord Hategood. The wit- 
 nesses against the prisoners were Envy, Super- 
 stition, and Pickthank. The jury were Mr. 
 Blindman, Mr. Nogood, Mr. Malice, Mr. Love- 
 list, Mr. Liveloose, Mr. Heady, Mr. Highmind, 
 Mr. Enmity, Mr. Liar, Mr. Cruelty, Mr. Hate- 
 light, and Mr. Implacable. They first tried 
 Faithful; and such witnesses, such a judge, 
 and such a jury, found no difficulty in bringing 
 him in guilty. He was then sentenced to die 
 the most cruel death that could be invented. 
 
 They therefore brought him out, to do 
 with him according to their law. First they 
 scourged him, then they buffeted him, then 
 
62 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 they lanced his flesh with knives, after that 
 they stoned him with stones, and last of all 
 they burned him to ashes at the stake. Thus 
 came Faithful to his end. But I saw in my 
 dream that there stood behind the multitude a 
 chariot and a couple of horses waiting for Faith- 
 ful ; who, as soon as his adversaries had dispatch- 
 ed him, was taken up into it, and straightway 
 carried through the clouds, the nearest way to 
 the Celestial Gate. 
 
DOUBTING CASTLE. 
 
 When Faithful was executed, according to 
 the wicked thoughts of his enemies, Christian 
 was taken back to prison, there to remain till 
 his foes were ready for a second murder. But 
 He who overrules all things, so wrought it 
 about, that Christian escaped their hands, and 
 went on his way, singing the good life and happy 
 death of Faithful, who had gone before him 
 to the Heavenly Kingdom. Nor did Christian 
 go forth alone. One, whose name was Hopeful, 
 being made hopeful by beholding Christian 
 and Faithful in their conduct under their 
 sufferings, accompanied with him. As Faith- 
 ful died to bear testimony to the truth, so 
 Hopeful rose out of his ashes to be a companion 
 for Christian. And Hopeful told him that 
 
 (63) 
 
G4 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 there were many more in the Fair, that would 
 also take their time and follow after. 
 
 And, as Christian and Hopeful walked, they 
 overtook a man, who told them that he came 
 from, a town called Fair Speech, and was 
 going to the Celestial City. In his religion, 
 this man had two points of difference from 
 the Pilgrims. He was of those who, First, 
 never strive against wind and tide ; and, Second, 
 who are always most zealous when Religion 
 goes in his silver slippers, and who love to 
 walk with him in the street, when the sun 
 shines and the people applaud him. Now 
 Christian discovered, from his talk, that he 
 was named By-Ends, and was a very knave. 
 And, when he was asked, By-Ends owned that 
 he was thus called, but declared that it was 
 a nick-name, and not his own. But Christian 
 thought the name properly belonged to him, 
 and would not admit him as his associate, 
 except upon conditions. "If," said Christian, 
 "you will go with us, you must go against 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 65 
 
 wind and tide ; the which I perceive is against 
 your opinion. You must also own Religion in 
 his rags, as well as in his silver slippers, and 
 stand by him when bound with irons, as well 
 as when he walketh the streets with applause." 
 By-Ends could not comply with such terms, 
 and so fell behind. In a short time, he was 
 joined by three more travellers, who were old 
 acquaintances, and of his own opinions. These 
 were, Mr. Hold-the-world, Mr. Moneylove, and 
 Mr. Saveall. And, as these four walked, 
 they convinced themselves, in their talk, that 
 a man may serve God and Mammon, and make 
 Religion a means to get gain, and still save 
 his soul. Having thus satisfied themselves, 
 they pressed forward to put the question to 
 Christian; little doubting that they should 
 confound him. But Christian said, "Even a 
 babe in religion may answer ten thousand such 
 questions ; for if it be unlawful to follow Christ 
 for loaves, how much more abominable is it 
 to make of Him and religion a stalking-horse 
 5 
 
66 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 to get and enjoy the world ! Nor do we find 
 any other than Heathens, Hypocrites, and 
 Devils, that are of this opinion. The Hypo- 
 critical Pharisees were of this religion, and so 
 were Judas the traitor, and Simon the wizard. 
 To answer the question, therefore, as I see you 
 have done, is heathenish, hypocritical, and 
 devilish ; and your reward will be according to 
 your works." 
 
 The four stood staring at Christian ; but 
 having nothing to answer, again fell behind. 
 And Hopeful and Christian travelled plea- 
 santly over a plain called Ease ; and I saw in 
 my dream, that this plain, small and soon 
 passed, was an emblem of the little ease that 
 Pilgrims may expect in this world. At the 
 further side of that plain was a little hill 
 called Lucre, and in that hill a Silver Mine, 
 which Pilgrims who had gone that way had 
 formerly turned aside to see, but the deceitful 
 ground broke under them, and some were slain, 
 and others maimed for life. Then I saw in 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 07 
 
 my dream that Demas, who loved this present 
 world, stood over against the mine to invite pas- 
 sengers to come and see. Demas called to them, 
 and Hopeful would have been persuaded, but 
 Christian would not suffer him; so they went 
 their way. But when By-Ends and his com- 
 panions came up, at the first invitation they 
 went to the mine. Now whether they fell into 
 the pit, hy looking over the brink thereof, or 
 whether they went down to dig, or were 
 smothered at the bottom by the damps that 
 commonly arise, I know not; but this I ob- 
 served that they were never seen again in 
 the way. 
 
 And I saw in my dream that Christian and 
 Hopeful came to the pillar of salt into which 
 Lot's wife was turned, for looking back with 
 a covetous heart, after she had (led from Sodoin 
 for safety. And they both considered it a 
 seasonable sight; for had they turned at the 
 invitation of Demas, they might have been 
 made an example to those that came after. 
 
68 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 And while they discoursed on this topic they 
 reached a pleasant river, which David the 
 king calls the River of God, and John the 
 Divine the River of the Water of Life. On 
 its banks for several days and nights they 
 stopped, and refreshed themselves with rest 
 and the pleasant fruits with which the place 
 abounded. 
 
 When again they journeyed they were not 
 a little sorry to find that the road left this 
 pleasant river — yet they durst not at first 
 go out of the way. They were travel-weary 
 and their feet were sore, and much they longed 
 for a smoother path, for the way here was 
 rough. Temptation was before them — for a 
 stile led into a meadow, and a path lay along 
 the way the other side of the fence. This 
 meadow was called By-Path Meadow. Hopeful 
 hesitated, but persuaded by Christian, he went 
 over with him, and they found the path much 
 easier for their feet than the road. 
 
 And I saw in my dream that a man walked 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 69 
 
 before them whose name was Vain Confidence. 
 They called to him, and asked him which way 
 the path led, and he said, "To the Celestial 
 Gate." So Christian said to Hopeful, "You 
 see we are right," and Yain Confidence walked 
 on and they followed him. Presently the 
 night came on and it was very dark, so that 
 they who were behind could not see him who 
 went before. 
 
 Yain Confidence, not discerning the way 
 before him, fell into a deep pit, which was on 
 purpose made, by the Prince of these grounds 
 to catch vain-glorious fools in, and was dashed 
 in pieces by the fall. Christian and Hopeful 
 heard the fall, and called to know what had 
 happened ; but there was none to answer, and 
 they heard only a groaning. Then were they 
 greatly troubled, and now it began to rain and 
 thunder and lightning in a most dreadful 
 manner, and the water rose amain. But as 
 forgiving men they reviled not, but strove to 
 comfort each the other, and laboured to find 
 
70 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 their way back to the true path. And they 
 heard for their encouragement the voice of 
 one saying, " Let thine heart be towards the 
 high-way; even the way that thou wentest 
 turn again." 
 
 The waters were now greatly risen, and the 
 way back was very dangerous. Then I thought 
 that it is easier going out of the way when 
 we are in, than going in when we are out. 
 With all their efforts they could not reach 
 the stile where they had crossed that night. 
 Reaching a little shelter, they sat down to rest 
 until day-break and fell asleep. Not far from 
 where they were was a castle called Doubting 
 Castle, the owner whereof was Giant Despair. 
 It was in his grounds they were now sleeping, 
 and he, getting up and walking up and down 
 in his fields caught Christian and Hopeful 
 there. With a grim and surly voice he bade 
 them awake, and asked them whence they 
 were, and what they did in his grounds. They 
 told him they were Pilgrims and had lost their 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 71 
 
 way. "Then," said the Giant, "you have 
 this night trespassed on me by trampling in 
 and lying on my grounds, and therefore you 
 must go along with me." 
 
 And I saw in my dream that he cast them 
 into a dark dungeon, foul to their souls, and 
 there they lay without food or drink from 
 Wednesday morning till Saturday night. The 
 Giant had a wife, whose name was Diffidence. 
 By her counsel he beat them cruelly on 
 Thursday morning; and on Friday he told 
 them, by the same advice, "that since they 
 were never like to come out of that place, 
 their only way would be forthwith to make an 
 end of themselves either with knife, halter or 
 poison ; " for why," said he, "should you choose 
 to live, seeing it is attended with so much 
 bitterness?" But they desired him to let 
 them go. With that he looked ugly upon 
 them, and rushing to them, had doubtless 
 made an end of them himself, but that he fell 
 into one of his fits, — for he sometimes in 
 
72 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 sunshiny weather fell into fits — and lost for 
 a time the use of his hands. 
 
 The Giant withdrew, and left his prisoners, 
 as before, to consult between themselves. 
 Christian was sore tempted to do as the Giant 
 had bid them, but Hopeful comforted and 
 gave him better counsel. At night, Giant 
 Despair came again, and finding them barely 
 alive — for that was all, fell into a grievous 
 rage, and told them, that, seeing they had dis- 
 obeyed him, it had been better for them if 
 they had never been born. Christian fell into 
 a swoon, and when the Giant had gone seemed 
 again disposed to follow his counsel. But 
 Hopeful assured him once more, and reminded 
 him of his valiant deeds against Apollyon, 
 and in the Valley, and in Vanity Fair, ex- 
 horting him to bear up still with patience. 
 
 Now night being come again, and the Giant 
 and his wife being in bed, she asked him if the 
 prisoners had taken his counsel. To this he 
 replied : " They are sturdy rogues ; they 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 73 
 
 choose rather to bear all hardships than to 
 make way with themselves." " Then," said 
 she, " take them into the Castle Yard to-mor- 
 row, and show them the bones and skulls of 
 those that thou hast already despatched ; and 
 make them believe that before a week comes 
 to an end thou wilt tear them to pieces, as 
 thou hast done their fellows before them." So 
 Giant Despair followed this counsel, and then 
 drove them back down into their den. All 
 day Saturday they lay in lamentable case, as 
 before. When night came the Giant wondered 
 that he could neither by his blows, nor by his 
 bad advice, bring them to an end. And his 
 wife said that she feared they had pick-locks 
 wherewith they hoped to escape. The Giant 
 then determined that he would search them 
 in the morning. 
 
 But on that Saturday night Christian and 
 Hopeful began to pray, and thus continued 
 till almost break of day. Now a little before 
 it was day, good Christian, as one half amazed, 
 
74 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 broke out into a passionate speech : " What a 
 fool," he said, " am I to lie in a foul dungeon, 
 when I may as well walk at liberty ! I have 
 a key in my bosom that will, I am persuaded, 
 open any lock in Doubting Castle." Then 
 said Hopeful : " That's good news : good bro- 
 ther, pluck it out of thy bosom, and try." 
 
 Then Christian pulled it out of his bosom, 
 and began to try at the dungeon door, and the 
 door flew open with ease, and they both came 
 out. The outward door, that leads into the 
 Castle Yard, opened easily, also ; but when he 
 came to the iron gate the bolt moved very hard, 
 yet still the key opened it. But the gate, as 
 they pushed, made such a creaking that it 
 waked Giant Despair. He hastily rose to 
 pursue his prisoners, but felt his limbs to fail ; 
 for his fits took him again so that he could by 
 no means go after them. Then they hastened 
 on, and came to the King's highway, and so 
 were safe, for they were out of the Giant's 
 jurisdiction. 
 
ESCAPE FROM THE DOUBTING CASTLE. 
 
THE DELECTABLE MOUNTAINS. 
 
 When Christian and Hopeful were safe over 
 the stile, they first erected a pillar with an 
 inscription, to warn other Pilgrims against 
 straying into the grounds of Giant Despair. 
 Then they went on with joy till they came to 
 the Delectable Mountains. They drank at 
 the fountains and washed themselves, and 
 freely ate of the vineyards, as was their privi- 
 lege. Now there were on the tops of those 
 mountains Shepherds feeding their flocks, and 
 they stood by the highway side. The Pil- 
 grims, therefore, went to them, and leaning 
 upon their staffs, they asked : " Whose Delec- 
 table mountains are these ? and whose be the 
 sheep that feed upon them ?" And the Shep- 
 herds said : " These mountains are Immanuel's 
 land, and they are within sight of his City ; 
 
 (75) 
 
76 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 and the sheep also are his, and he laid down 
 his life for them." Christian asked: "How- 
 far is the Celestial City ?" And the Shepherds 
 said : " Too far for any but those who shall get 
 thither indeed." And when Christian would 
 know if the way were safe or dangerous, the 
 Shepherds replied : " Safe for those to whom 
 it is to be safe, but transgressors shall fall 
 therein." 
 
 The names of these Shepherds were Know- 
 ledge, Experience, Watchful, and Sincere ; and 
 when they had learned of Christian and Hope- 
 ful their adventures they welcomed them with 
 love to the Delectable Mountains, and pressed 
 them to stay awhile, which Christian and 
 Hopeful were well content to do. And I saw 
 in my dream that, when the Pilgrims were re- 
 freshed with a night's rest, the Shepherds took 
 them out upon the mountains to show them 
 some wonders. They took them first to the 
 top of the hill called Error, which was very 
 steep at the farthest side, and looking down to 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 77 
 
 the bottom they saw several men dashed all 
 to pieces by a fall from the top. And the 
 Pilgrims were told that these were the men 
 who were made to err by hearkening to 
 Hymeneus and Philetus concerning the resur- 
 rection of the body — and that they had been 
 left thus unburied for a warning to others to 
 take heed how they clamber too high, or ven- 
 ture too near the precipice of error. 
 
 From the top of another mountain called 
 Caution, they saw several men wandering up 
 and down among tombs that were there, and 
 they perceived that they were blind, because 
 they stumbled. And the Shepherds told them 
 that these blind men were Pilgrims who wan- 
 dered into the precincts of Giant Despair. 
 He threw them into his dungeon, where he 
 at last did put out their eyes, and led them 
 among those tombs, where he left them to 
 wander, that the saying of the Wise Man 
 might be fulfilled : " He that wandereth out 
 of the way of understanding, shall remain in 
 
78 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 the congregation of the dead." Then Chris- 
 tian and Hopeful looked one upon the other 
 with tears gushing out at the thought of the 
 danger they had escaped. 
 
 Then I saw in my dream that the Shep- 
 herds led the Pilgrims to another place, in a 
 valley, where was a door in the side of a hill, 
 and bade them look in. They looked in, and 
 saw that it was very dark and smoky ; they 
 also thought that they heard a rumbling noise 
 as of fire, and a cry of some tormented. And 
 they learned from the Shepherds that this was 
 a by-way to punishment, such as hypocrites 
 go in at ; namely, such as sell their birth-right 
 like Esau ; such as blaspheme the Gospel with 
 Alexander ; such as sell their Master like Ju- 
 das ; and that lie and dissemble with Ananias 
 and Sapphira his wife. And the Pilgrims 
 learned that all of these had a show of Pil- 
 grimage, and even held it a long time, and 
 that many had reached as far, and even far- 
 ther than the Delectable Mountains. And 
 

 
 TtlE SHEPHERD S PERSPECTIVE GLASS. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 79 
 
 Christian and Hopeful felt that they had need 
 to cry to the Strong for strength — " Ay," said 
 the Shepherds, "and you will have need to 
 use it when you have it, too." 
 
 By this time the Pilgrims had a desire to go 
 forwards, and the Shepherds a desire that they 
 should, so they walked together toward the 
 end of the mountains. Then said the Shep- 
 herds : " Let us show the Pilgrims the Gates 
 of the Celestial City, if they have skill to look 
 through our perspective glass. They then 
 climbed to the top of an high hill called Clear, 
 and the Shepherds gave them the glass to look. 
 But the remembrance of the last thing they 
 had seen, the fate of apostates and hypocrites, 
 made their hands shake ; and therefore they 
 could not look steadily through the glass. 
 Yet they thought they saw something like the 
 Gate, and something of the glory of the place. 
 
 Now when they were about to depart, one 
 of the Shepherds gave them A Note of the 
 
80 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 Way. Another bade them Beware of the 
 Flatterer. The third told them to Take heed 
 that they slept not on the Enchanted Ground. 
 And the fourth bade them God Speed. 
 So I awoke from my dream. 
 
THE FLATTERER. 
 
 And I slept and dreamed again, and saw 
 the same two Pilgrims going down the Moun- 
 tains along the highway towards the City. A 
 little below these mountains, on the left hand, 
 lieth the country of Conceit, from which coun- 
 try a little crooked lane comes into the way in 
 which the Pilgrims walked. Here they met 
 a brisk lad named Ignorance, who came from 
 that country, and who said he was going to 
 the Celestial City. Christian warned him that 
 as he came not in at the Wicket Gate, at the 
 head of the way, in the day of reckoning he 
 would have laid to his charge that he was a 
 thief and a robber, instead of getting admit- 
 tance into the City. But Ignorance was wise 
 in his own conceit, and for the present the 
 6 (81 > 
 
82 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 Pilgrims passed him by. A little farther on 
 the Pilgrims met a wanton Professor and 
 Apostate, bound with cords, who was being 
 conducted back to the place which the Shep- 
 herds had showed them in the side of the hill. 
 At this sight Christian did tremble, and so did 
 Hopeful his companion. 
 
 And as they walked they beguiled the road 
 with conversation respecting a Pilgrim named 
 Little Faith, who was robbed of his money 
 by three thieves, but saved his jewels, and his 
 Roll or certificate, and made shift to scramble 
 along, though with much ado. The Pilgrims 
 were near to chiding each other, when one 
 boasted what he would have done in Little 
 Faith's case, and the other reminded him how 
 greater than he had been glad of a convoy 
 while thieves were in the way. Presently as 
 they walked, they discovered that to trust 
 one's self is not to be secure. 
 
 They reached a place where there seemed 
 two ways, both straight before them, and they 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 83 
 
 knew not which to choose. Then there came 
 a man, black of flesh, but covered with a very 
 light robe, and asked why they stood there. 
 They answered that they were going to the 
 Celestial City, but knew not which road to 
 take. "Follow me," said the man, "it is 
 thither that I am going." So they followed 
 him, and the way he led turned and turned 
 them so from the City that they desired to go 
 to, that in a little time their faces were turned 
 away from it altogether, yet they followed on. 
 But by and by, before they were aware, he 
 led them both within the compass of a net, in 
 which they were so entangled that they knew 
 not what to do. Then the white robe fell off 
 the Black Man's back, and they saw where 
 they were. And Christian said, "Now do I 
 see myself in error. Did not the Shepherds 
 bid us beware of the Flatterer? As is the 
 saying of the Wise Man so have we found it 
 this day : ' A man that flattereth his neighbor 
 spreadeth a net for his feet.' " 
 
84 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 Thus they lay bewailing themselves in the 
 net. At last I espied in my dream a shining 
 One, coming to the place where they were 
 with a whip of small cords in his hand. And 
 when he found how they came there, he told 
 them they had been betrayed by Flatterer, a 
 false Apostle, and rending the net he set them 
 free, and conducted them back to the right 
 path. And when he had asked them, and 
 they confessed that they received a Note of 
 the Way, and a caution against the Flatterer, 
 and had heeded neither, he bade them lie 
 down, and chastened them sore with his 
 whip, to teach them the good way wherein 
 they should walk. And as he chastened 
 them he said, " As many as I love I rebuke 
 and chasten : be zealous therefore and repent." 
 
 Then I saw in my dream that the Pilgrims 
 thanked the Chastener for his kindness, and 
 went on their way. Presently there met them 
 one Atheist, who denied that there is a 
 Celestial City, and had turned his back upon 
 it, choosing his portion in this world. They 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 85 
 
 refused to hear him, having had enough of 
 the consequences of listening to false advisers. 
 And as they walked they came to a country 
 where a heavy drowsiness fell upon them, and 
 here Hopeful would have had them to lie down 
 and take one nap. But Christian reminded 
 him of the warning of the Shepherd that they 
 should beware of the Enchanted Ground. 
 And Enchanted Ground they perceived this 
 to be, since its air would have led them to 
 sleep, instead of watching and praying. So 
 they took up a godly conversation in order 
 that by that means they might keep awake. 
 Then they remembered their fellow-traveller 
 Ignorance, and waited for him, hoping that 
 by good counsel they might open his under- 
 standing. But, rinding that he would not be 
 instructed, and he complaining that they 
 walked so fast that he could not keep pace 
 with them, they were forced to leave him 
 behind again ; and Christian and Hopeful 
 walked on before, while Ignorance came hob- 
 { bling after. 
 
THE PASSAGE THROUGH THE WATERS 
 
 Now I saw in my dream that the Pilgrims 
 had got over the Enchanted Ground, and 
 entered into the Land of Beulah. Here the 
 air was sweet and pleasant, and the Pilgrims 
 solaced themselves amid the delights of the 
 land for a season. In this country the sun 
 shineth night and day, for it is beyond the 
 Valley of the Shadow of Death, and out of 
 the reach of Giant Despair, and you cannot, 
 in it, so much as see Doubting Castle. Here 
 they were in sight of the City to which they 
 were going, and here they met also some of 
 the inhabitants of that City, for in this land 
 the Shining Ones commonly walk, because it 
 is on the borders of Heaven. Here they 
 heard music and happy voices from thence, 
 
 (86) 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 87 
 
 and here they were bid to recruit themselves 
 with the dainties in the King's Vineyards, 
 and to frequent the walks and arbors where 
 he delighted to be. 
 
 Now I saw in nry dream that they would 
 go up to the City, in the hope of which they 
 had so long walked. But its glories were so 
 bright that they could not with unveiled eyes 
 look upon it, but saw it through a glass darkly. 
 And as they w r alked they met two Shining 
 Ones, and put themselves under their gui- 
 dance. Then they came to a dark and deep 
 River, over which there was no bridge ; and 
 the Pilgrims were shocked when they heard 
 that this must be passed, and that only two, 
 Enoch and Elijah, had found another way 
 over, since the beginning of the world. But 
 they were told that they should find the wa- 
 ter deeper or shallower as they believed in the 
 King of the Place. Then they walked into 
 the water, and Christian, beginning to sink, 
 was much troubled with remorse of conscience, 
 
88 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 for sins which he had committed both before 
 and since he became a Pilgrim. Then I knew 
 in my dream that in the hour of death the 
 Christian of tender conscience may have a 
 grievous conflict, and still be safe ; for pres- 
 ently Christian broke out with a loud voice : 
 " Oh, I see Him again, and He tells me, When 
 thou passest through the waters I will be with 
 thee ; and through the rivers, they shall not 
 overflow thee." Then Hopeful and Christian 
 took courage, and they found ground to stand 
 upon, and both passed over. Upon the bank 
 of the River, on the other side, they saw the 
 two Shining Ones again, who, as they came 
 out of the water, saluted and welcomed the 
 Pilgrims — for these Shining Ones were Minis- 
 tering Spirits. And I saw in my dream that 
 the Pilgrims ascended the mighty hill, on 
 which The City stood, with ease, for they had 
 angels to bear them. And I saw moreover 
 that the Pilgrims had left their mortal garments 
 in the River ; for though they went in with 
 them, they came out without them. 
 
WHEN THOU TASSEST THROUGH THE WATER, I WILL BE 
 WITH THEE. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 89 
 
 And while, in sweet conversation with their 
 conductors, they drew near the Gate, and talk- 
 ed of the glories into which they were about 
 to enter, I saw that a company of the Heavenly 
 Host came out of the City, and welcomed 
 them with a shout, saying, " Blessed are they 
 that are called to the Marriage Supper of the 
 Lamb." And the King's trumpeters welcomed 
 them also with ten thousand welcomes on 
 their golden trumpets ; and with shouting for 
 joy, the Celestial Host compassed them round. 
 Thus they came to the Gate, and over it was 
 written : — 
 
 BLESSED ARE THEY THAT DO HIS COMMANDMENTS, THAT 
 
 THEY MAY HAVE RIGHT TO THE TREE OF LIFE, 
 
 AND MAY ENTER IN THROUGH THE 
 
 GATE INTO THE CITY. 
 
 And when the Pilgrims called at the Gate, 
 there looked over from above saints, who in 
 the ancient time were Pilgrims — as Enoch, 
 Moses, Elijah, and many more. And Christian 
 
90 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 and Hopeful presented their certificates, and 
 the King commanded that they should be 
 admitted. 
 
 Now I saw in my dream that these two men, 
 Christian and Hopeful, went in at the Gate. 
 And as they entered, they were transfigured, 
 and they had raiment put on that shone like 
 gold. They were also presented with harps 
 and crowns, the harps to praise withal, and 
 the crowns in token of honor. Then I heard 
 in my dream that all the bells in the city rang 
 again for joy; and that it was said unto 
 them, 
 
 "Enter ye into the joy of our lord." 
 
 I also heard the Pilgrims themselves sing 
 with a loud voice, saying, 
 
 "Blessing, and Honor, and Glory, and Power, 
 
 be unto Him that sitteth upon the Throne, 
 
 and unto the Lamb for ever 
 
 AND EVER." 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 91 
 
 Now, just as the Gate was opened to let in 
 the Pilgrims, I looked after them, and behold 
 the City shone like the sun ; the streets were 
 paved with gold, and in them walked many 
 men with crowns upon their heads, palms in 
 their hands, and golden harps. There were 
 also them that had wings, and they answered 
 one another without intermission, saying, 
 "Holy, holy, holy is the Lord." And after 
 that, they shut up the Gate, which, when I 
 had seen, I wished myself among them. 
 
 Now while I was gazing, I turned my head 
 and looked back, and saw Ignorance come up 
 to the River side. He soon got over, and 
 without the trouble that the others had, for 
 he was ferried over by a deceiver named Vain 
 Hope. But no ministering angels met him, 
 and he came alone to the Gate. He was asked 
 "Whence come you, and what would you 
 have ?" He answered, "I have eat and drunk 
 in the presence of the King, and he has taught 
 in our streets." But forasmuch as he could 
 
92 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 offer no certificate, the King would not come 
 down to see him, but commanded the two 
 Shining Ones that welcomed Christian and 
 Hopeful, to bind Ignorance, and take him 
 away. Then they took him up, and carried 
 him through the air, to the door I saw in the 
 side of the Hill, and put him in there. Then 
 I saw that there was a way to Hell, even 
 from the Gates of Heaven, as well as from the 
 City of Destruction. 
 
 SO I AWOKE, AND BEHOLD IT WAS A DREAM. 
 
THE 
 
 PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 SECOND PART. 
 
 The great popularity of the " Pilgrim's Pro- 
 gress," the many editions which the people 
 called for, and the inquiries which were made 
 of the author, why he did not tell what be- 
 came of Christian's wife and children, induced 
 Bunyan to think of writing a second part, to 
 describe their progress after Christian. There 
 was another strong motive, too, in the fact 
 that pretenders and imitators threatened to 
 write a continuation of the book, if the true 
 author did not do it. It is also certain that 
 Bunyan was pleased with a work in which he 
 
 (93) 
 
94 INTRODUCTION TO SECOND PART. 
 
 succeeded so well, and with which others were 
 both amused and improved. Therefore, about 
 ten years after the First Part was first pub- 
 lished, and after eight editions had been 
 printed, he caused the Second Part to be 
 issued : " Wherein is set forth the manner of 
 the setting out of Christian's wife and chil- 
 dren; their dangerous journey, and safe arrival 
 at the desired country." 
 
tl( 
 
 THE SETTING FORTH OF CHRISTIANA. 
 
 After Christian was gone over the river, 
 and his wife could hear of him no more, her 
 conscience was smitten with the remembrance 
 of the manner in which she hardened her 
 heart against his entreaties that she would 
 accompany him. Then she spake with her 
 children, and they also bitterly lamented that 
 they had not, as their father desired, all ac- 
 companied him. Christiana — for such was 
 the name of Christian's wife — was furthermore 
 warned, in a dream, of her danger ; and com- 
 forted, also, with the vision of her husband's 
 happiness. 
 
 On the morrow, she had a visit guest, who 
 told her his name was Secret. This celestial 
 guest apprised her that he was sent to her 
 
 (95) 
 
96 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 from the Merciful One, to assure her that he 
 was ready to forgive, and to invite he 3 ? to fol- 
 low her husband, and to dwell in the presence 
 of the King forever. And he gave her a let- 
 ter, certifying these words, and directed her, 
 as Christian had been told before, to go to the 
 Wicket-Gate, at the head of the way. 
 
 So Christiana and her children at once pre- 
 pared for their journey. And when they were 
 now ready to be gone, two of the neighbours 
 called, and were much surprised at the inten- 
 tion which she declared she had formed. One 
 of her visitors, whose name was Mrs. Timor- 
 ous, strove very hard to affright Christiana 
 from undertaking her journey, but she could 
 not succeed in preventing her. "You have 
 heard," said Mrs. Timorous, " I am sure, what 
 your husband did meet with, even, in a man- 
 ner, at the first step which he took on his way, 
 as our neighbour Obstinate can testify, for he 
 went along with him ; yea, and Pliable, too, 
 until they, like wise men, were afraid to go 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 97 
 
 any farther. We have also heard, over and 
 above, how he met with the lions, Apollyon, 
 the Shadow of Death, and many other things. 
 Nor is the danger he met with at Vanity Fair 
 to be forgotten by thee. For if he, though a 
 man, was so hard put to it, what canst thou, 
 being but a poor woman, do ? Consider, also, 
 that these four sweet babes are thy children, — 
 thy flesh and thy bones. Wherefore, though 
 thou shouldest be so rash, yet, for the sake of 
 these, keep thou at home." 
 
 But Christiana answered, " Tempt me not, 
 my neighbour. I have now a price put into 
 my hands to get gain, and I should be very 
 foolish if I had no heart to improve the oppor- 
 tunity. And for that you tell me of all these 
 troubles which I am like to meet with in the 
 way, they are so far from being to me a dis- 
 couragement, that they show I am in the 
 right. The bitter must come before the sweet, 
 and that, also, will make the sweet the sweeter. 
 Wherefore, since you came not to my house in 
 
98 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 God's name, I pray you to be gone, and not 
 disquiet me further." 
 
 Mrs. Timorous hereupon took her leave, but 
 not without reviling Christiana. But the 
 other visitor, whose name was Mercy, would 
 not so readily leave ; for she felt for Christi- 
 ana, and for herself also, and determined that 
 she would, at any rate, go a little way with 
 her, and both assist her neighbour and learn 
 if she had not, herself, better accompany her. 
 Mrs. Timorous returned home, and amused 
 herself with some of her giddy and light- 
 minded neighbours, in speaking ill of Chris- 
 tiana. 
 
 Then Christiana and her children, with 
 Mercy, who was also but young, set forth. 
 And Christiana, by her wise discourse, made 
 Mercy determine that she would go with her 
 friend, at least as far as the Wicket Gate, and 
 see what should there befall. 
 
THE PILGRIMS AT THE GATE. 
 
 Christiana was glad, at her heart, not only 
 that she had, herself, a companion, but that 
 Mercy had thus been prevailed on to care for 
 herself. So, in godly conversation, they be- 
 guiled the way. But when Christiana reached 
 the Slough of Despond, she hesitated for a 
 little ; " For," said she, " this is the place in 
 which my dear husband came near being lost." 
 And she perceived that, notwithstanding the 
 command of the King to make this place for 
 pilgrims good, it had become rather worse than 
 i formerly ; for those who pretend to repair, 
 often mar instead of mending. Here Christi- 
 ana, therefore, with her boys, did make a 
 i stand. " But," said Mercy, " come, let us 
 venture ; only, let us be wary." Then they 
 looked well to their steps ; and, though they 
 
 (99) 
 
100 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 trembled and faltered a little, they succeeded 
 in getting over. 
 
 All of them then, Christiana, and Mercy, 
 and the children, went up to the Gate. And 
 it was concluded that Christiana, being oldest, 
 should knock, and answer him that opened. 
 But, instead of any that answered, they heard 
 the barking of a Dog, and were made afraid. 
 They feared to knock any more, lest the Dog 
 should rush out upon them. And they dared 
 not go back, lest the Keeper of the Gate 
 should espy them as they went, and be angry. 
 At length they took courage to knock again, 
 louder than at first ; and the Keeper of the 
 Gate heard, and asked them " Who is there ?" 
 The Dog ceased to bark, and the Keeper 
 opened the Gate, and asked, " Whence came 
 ye, and what is it ye would have ?" 
 
 Christiana answered, " We are come from 
 whence Christian did come, and upon the 
 same errand as he ; to be graciously admitted 
 by this Gate into the way that leads unto the 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 101 
 
 Celestial City. And I answer, my Lord, in 
 the next place, that I am Christiana, once the 
 wife of Christian, that is gotten above." 
 "What," said the Keeper, "is she now be- 
 come a pilgrim, that, but a while ago, ab- 
 horred that life ?" Then she bowed her head, 
 and said, "Yea, and so are these, my sweet 
 babes, also." Then he took her by the hand, 
 and led her in ; and said, also, " Suffer the 
 little children to come unto me." And, with 
 that, he called to a Trumpeter, to enter- 
 tain Christiana with the Sound of the Trum- 
 pet for Joy, and the air was filled with his 
 melodious notec. And Mercy, for whom Chris- 
 tiana made intercession, knocked, and was 
 presently admitted also. She had fallen, in a 
 swoon; but the Keeper raised and welcomed 
 iher ; and now were Christiana and her boys, 
 land Mercy, received kindly of the Lord, at 
 i the head of the way. They had pardon and 
 refreshment, and were instructed and set in 
 :heir way, as Christian had been, before them. 
 
THE SIGNIFICANT RIVERS 
 
 Now I saw in my dream that, as the Pil- 
 grims walked, there was, on the other side of 
 the way, a Garden, and that the Garden be- 
 longed to him who owned the barking Dog, 
 which had terrified the party at the Gate. 
 And some of the trees that grew in the Gar- 
 den spread their branches over the wall ; and 
 Christiana's children, being tempted with the 
 fruit, plucked and ate. Their mother re- 
 proved them for doing so, as the fruit was 
 none of theirs ; but she did not know what 
 garden it grew in, else she would have been 
 more terrified. 
 
 As the party walked, Christiana and Mercy 
 were attacked by two ill-favoured men ; but. 
 upon their cry for assistance, they were re 
 
 (102) 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 103 
 
 lieved by a messenger from the gate-house, 
 near the gate, and the two men made their 
 escape, over the wall, into the garden of the 
 enemy. Their deliverance rejoiced them much, 
 and while they yet spake to each other con- 
 cerning it, they arrived at the house of the 
 Interpreter, where Christian had been before 
 them. As they stood at the gate, they heard 
 rejoicings within, because that Christiana had 
 followed her husband in his pilgrimage ; for 
 the tidings of her journey went before her. 
 At last Christiana knocked, and a maiden, 
 whose name was Innocent, opened. And 
 when Innocent asked her name, Christiana 
 answered, " My name is Christiana; I was the 
 wife of that pilgrim that, some years ago, did 
 travel this way ; and these be his four chil- 
 dren. This maiden is also my companion, and 
 is going on a pilgrimage, too." 
 
 Then were the inmates of the house much 
 rejoiced ; and the master came to the door, 
 and, looking upon Christiana, said, "Art thou 
 
104 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 that Christiana whom Christian, the good 
 man, left behind him, when he betook him- 
 self to a pilgrim's life ?" 
 
 Christiana answered, "I am that woman 
 that was so hard-hearted as to slight my hus- 
 band's troubles, and that left him to go on his 
 journey alone, and these are his four children ; 
 but now, also, I am come ; for I am convinced 
 that no way is right but this." " Then," said 
 Interpreter, " is fulfilled that which is written 
 of the man that said to his son, ' Go work to- 
 day in my vineyard ; and he said to his father, 
 I will not, but afterward repented and went/ " 
 
 Then the Interpreter welcomed them in, 
 Christiana, and the children, and Mercy ; and 
 the inmates of the house received them with 
 smiles, and kindness. And, while supper was 
 being made ready, the Interpreter showed 
 them the pictures and other things which had 
 been shown to Christian before. And he also 
 showed them other curious and instructive 
 objects. Among these was a man with a rake 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 105 
 
 in his hand, who would not look up, though 
 one stood with a celestial crown over his head, 
 but still continued to rake to himself the 
 straws and small sticks and rubbish upon the 
 floor. Christiana saw at once that this signi- 
 fied the man of the world, and Interpreter 
 further explained it to her. " Whereas thou 
 seest him rather give heed to rake up straws 
 and sticks than to do what He says, that calls 
 to him from above, with the celestial crown in 
 his hand ; it is to show that Heaven is but a 
 fable to some, and that things here are counted 
 the only things substantial. And whereas it 
 was also showed thee that the man could look 
 no way but downwards, it is to let thee know 
 that earthly things, when they are with power 
 upon men's minds, quite carry away their 
 hearts from God." 
 
 From thence the Interpreter took them to 
 the very best and most beautiful room in 
 the house. In this, when they looked round, 
 they saw a very large spider upon the wall ; 
 
106 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 and the Interpreter said, " The spider taketh 
 hold with her hands, as you see, and is in 
 king's palaces. And wherefore is this re- 
 corded, but to show you that, how full of the 
 venom of sin soever you be, yet you may, by 
 the hand of faith, lay hold of, and dwell in, 
 the best room that belongs to the King's house 
 above." 
 
 He led them into another room, where there 
 were a hen and chickens, and bade them ob- 
 serve a while. So one of the chickens went 
 to the trough to drink, and every time she 
 drank, she lifted up her head and eyes to- 
 ward heaven. " See," said he, " what this 
 little chick doth, and learn of her to acknow- 
 ledge whence your mercies come, by receiving 
 them with looking up. Yet again observe and 
 look." So they gave heed, and observed that 
 the hen did walk in a fourfold way towards 
 her chickens. 1. She had a common call, and 
 that she hath all day long. 2. She had a 
 special call, and that she had but sometimes. 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 107 
 
 3. She had a brooding note. And, 4., She 
 had an outcry. " Now/' said the Interpreter, 
 " compare this hen to your King, and these 
 chickens to his obedient ones ; for, answerable 
 to^:er, he himself hath his methods which he 
 walketh in towards his people. By his com- 
 mon call, he gives nothing ; by his special call, 
 he always has something to give ; he hath 
 also a brooding voice, for them that are under 
 his wing ; and he has an outcry, to give the 
 alarm, when he seeth the enemy come. 
 
 The Interpreter showed them, also, the 
 butcher killing a sheep; and bade them to 
 learn, like the sheep, to suffer patiently. He 
 led them among the flowers, to teach them 
 content; for, wheresoever the gardener plant- 
 eth them, they stand, and quarrel not with 
 one another. He showed them profitless 
 wheat, bearing no grain, for want of which 
 they condemned it; and he bade them note 
 its lesson — that it is fit for nothing but to be 
 burned and trodden under foot of men. 
 
108 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 They saw, also, a pretty robin, with a great 
 foul spider in its mouth. And Christiana 
 thought it a great disparagement to the bird, 
 that she imagined fed upon crumbs of bread, 
 and such harmless matters, that he should eat 
 loathsome spiders. But the Interpreter told 
 her this robin was the type of many fair pro- 
 fessors, who would seem to delight in the 
 society of the godly, as if they could live upon 
 good men's crumbs; but when they are by 
 themselves, like the robin, they can catch and 
 gobble up spiders, drink iniquity, and swallow 
 down sin like water. The Interpreter showed 
 them another emblem of the outwardly pious 
 — a tree, whose inside was rotten and gone, 
 and yet it had leaves. " This tree," said he, 
 whose outside is fair, and whose inside is rot- 
 ten, is that to which many may be compared 
 that are in the garden of God ; who with their 
 mouths speak high in behalf of God, but, indeed, 
 will do nothing for him ; whose leaves are fair, 
 but their hearts are dry as the summer dust. 
 
GIANT GRIM AND THE LIONS. 
 
 And when they had sufficiently seen and 
 admired these various instructive objects, sup- 
 per came upon the board, of which, while 
 they partook, they were entertained with 
 music. When the hour for rest came, they 
 retired with hearts full of thankfulness, and 
 in the morning arose with the sun. 
 
 B@&>& they departed, they were washed in 
 the bath of Sanctification, and sealed with its 
 seal. They were clothed with white raiment, 
 so that they were glorious in the eyes of each 
 other ; and each esteemed the other greater 
 than himself. A man-servant of the Inter- 
 preter, named Great Heart, was directed to 
 accompany them to the house Beautiful; and, 
 with his sword and shield, he went before them. 
 
 (109) 
 
110 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 And I saw, in my dream, that they went 
 on, with Great Heart before them, until they 
 came to the Cross and Sepulchre, where Chris- 
 tian lost his burthen. And they learned that 
 it was in order that Christian might feel the 
 value of the ransom paid for him, that he was 
 permitted to carry his burthen to the foot of 
 the Cross. Christiana declared that, though 
 she felt joyous before she had reached this 
 point in her pilgrimage, now her lightsome- 
 ness and joy were ten times increased. 
 
 Then I saw, in my dream, that they reached 
 the place where Christian had found Simple, 
 and Sloth, and Presumption, lying asleep ; 
 and, behold, they were hanged up in irons, a 
 little way off; and Great Heart told the pil- 
 grims their story ; and how they had turned 
 several travellers out of the path, and induced 
 them to become as bad as themselves. They 
 also brought up an evil report of the good 
 land, saying, it was not half as good as some 
 pretended it was ; and they declared that the 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. Ill 
 
 Lord was a hard task-master. They villified 
 his r.^rvants, and called the bread of God, 
 husko; the comforts of his children, furnaces; 
 and the travel and labor of pilgrims, things 
 to no purpose. For these things they were 
 punished, and their fate was made a warning. 
 Then the party moved on until they came 
 to the Hill Difficulty. Here Great Heart 
 showed them the spring where Christian 
 drank; and its waters, once clear, had now 
 become muddy, by the feet of those who de- 
 sire not that pilgrims should refresh them- 
 selves. But Christiana and Mercy drew from 
 the fountain, and put the water in a sweet 
 vessel, that it might become clear, and then 
 they drank. They were shown, also, the by- 
 paths in which Formality and Hypocrisy lost 
 themselves. The care of the Lord of the Way 
 has since stopped them with chains and a 
 ditch ; and yet there are those who will prefer 
 the hard way of the transgressors, though the 
 path of the slothful man is as a hedge of thorns. 
 
112 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 Now I saw, in my dream, that the pilgrims 
 began to climb up the hill. All panted with 
 the labor. Mercy said, " I must sit down ;" 
 and the smaller children began to cry. But 
 Great Heart cheered them up ; and, taking 
 the little boy by the hand, they soon reached 
 the Prince's arbor, where Christian tarried to 
 rest before. Christiana here refreshed them 
 with a pomegranate and a honeycomb, which 
 the Interpreter gave her. And when they 
 had rested and eaten, they pressed forward on 
 their way, for the day declined. At the place 
 where Christian met Timorous and Mistrust, 
 they found the record, on a broad plate, that 
 those unfaithful men had there had their 
 tongues burned through with a hot iron, for 
 the evil counsel with which they had striven 
 to alarm Christian. 
 
 Then I saw, in my dream, that they came 
 in sight of the lions. When they had reached 
 that place, the boys, who had gone before, 
 were now glad to cringe behind; whereupon 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 113 
 
 their guide smiled and said, " How now, my 
 boys ; do you love to go before, when no 
 danger doth approach, and love to come be- 
 hind, so soon as the lions appear ?" And, be- 
 hold, a new danger appeared, which Christian, 
 in his pilgrimage, did not encounter. A giant, 
 named Grim, or Bloodyman, took upon him to 
 dispute the way, and declared that he had 
 come to withstand the pilgrims. But Great 
 Heart valorously attacked, and with great 
 blows killed, the giant who would have 
 blocked the King's highway. Then Great 
 Heart bade the pilgrims, who had been sorely 
 frightened, "Come, now, and follow me, and 
 no harm shall happen to you from the lions." 
 They therefore went on ; but the women 
 trembled, as they passed them ; and the boys 
 looked as if they would die; but they all got 
 by, without hurt or damage. 
 
 8 
 
THE SOJOURN AT THE BEAUTIFUL HOUSE, 
 
 Now when the pilgrims had reached the 
 House Beautiful, I saw, in my dream, that 
 they were very sad that Great Heart must 
 leave them. He told them that help was lost 
 by not asking for it ; for, when he was directed 
 to conduct them a part of their way, they 
 should have begged his Lord to suffer his ser- 
 vant to see them quite through. For the 
 present, therefore, he must leave them. 
 
 Then the porter, Mr. Watchful, asked 
 Christiana of her country and her kindred. 
 She said, " I came from the City of Destruc- 
 tion. I am a widow woman, and my husband 
 was Christian the pilgrim." And when the 
 porter learned who they were, their welcome 
 was hearty indeed; and because they were 
 
 (114) 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 115 
 
 weary and faint with the sight of the battle 
 with the giant, they soon retired to rest. The 
 chamber they slept in was that where Chris- 
 tian had rested; the name of which was Peace. 
 
 In the morning, they gladly accepted the 
 invitation of the inmates of the house, to tarry 
 there a month. The children were catechised 
 by Prudence, who, it will be remembered, was 
 one of the virgins who dwelt here ; and much 
 credit they did to their mother's careful in- 
 struction. Mercy had here an adventure. 
 One Mr. Brisk was very much attracted by 
 her constant industry ; for, when she was not 
 employed for herself, she wrought for others, 
 and gave to such as had need. But when Mr. 
 Brisk discovered that her labor was to lay up 
 treasure in heaven, his countenance fell, and 
 he sought her no more ; for he had counted 
 that she was careful of the things of this 
 world, and would make a thrifty housewife. 
 
 Now Matthew, the eldest son of Christiana, 
 fell sick. There dwelt, not far from thence, 
 
116 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 one Mr. Skill, an ancient and well-approved 
 physician. And, when he was called in, he 
 failed not to discover that Matthew had eaten 
 improper food ; and, upon recollection, his 
 illness was traced to the fruit from Beelzebub's 
 garden, which overhung the way, as they en- 
 tered the wicket gate. Mr. Skill tried, first, a 
 preparation compounded under the Mosaic 
 dispensatory; but it failed to act; and he 
 next prescribed under the new dispensation, 
 and the remedy was effectual ; and Mr. Skill 
 told them, furthermore, that it was a medicine 
 for all diseases to which pilgrims are incident. 
 Now, as Prudence had directed the boys to 
 ask her any questions which might be profita- 
 ble, Matthew, as he recovered, asked her 
 "why, for the most part, physic should be 
 bitter to our palates?" Prudence answered, 
 " To show how unwelcome the word of God, 
 and the effects thereof, are to a carnal heart." 
 When their month was out, Joseph, one of 
 Christiana's sons, begged her that she would 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 117 
 
 send to the house of the Interpreter, and ask 
 that Mr. Great Heart might be sent to them 
 to accompany them on their way ; and the 
 petition was thereupon drawn up and for- 
 warded. And, since the party were set to go 
 on their way, the family took Christiana and 
 her children, as they had Christian before, 
 and showed them many things, the thought 
 of which should be profitable to them on their 
 journey. Among these were one of the apples 
 of which Eve ate, and Jacob's ladder. Upon 
 the latter sight they gladly dwelt, for at that 
 time there were also angels ascending upon it. 
 They were shown, also, a golden anchor ; and, 
 not only so, but it was also presented to them. 
 They were led to the Mount upon which 
 Abraham offered his son, and shown also the 
 wood, the fire, and the knife ; and they were 
 bidden, like Abraham, to offer to the Lord 
 their best, as a sacrifice. 
 
 By this time Mr. Great Heart had returned, 
 and with great joy he was welcomed. He 
 
118 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 brought with him wine and fruit, from his 
 Lord, to refresh them on the way, and the 
 pilgrims now prepared them to depart. Chris- 
 tiana bestowed upon the Porter a token of her 
 gratitude and remembrance, and Piety gave 
 Christiana a scheme of all the things she had 
 been shown at the House Beautiful, that she 
 might look upon it, and call them to remem- 
 brance, for her edification and comfort. 
 
CHRISTIANA IN THE VALLEY OF THE 
 SHADOW. 
 
 Piety and Prudence accompanied the pil- 
 grims down into the Valley of Humiliation, 
 and there left them with their good guide, Mr. 
 Great Heart. Their discourse was now upon 
 the terrible encounter which Christian had 
 with Apollyon; and Great Heart told them 
 that it was because of his false steps as he 
 descended, that he met this difficulty with the 
 fiend. And this was confirmed by an inscrip- 
 tion which they met upon a pillar, "Let 
 Christian's slip, before he came hither, and 
 the battles which he met with in this place, 
 be a warning to those that come after." And 
 they were taught that the Valley of Humilia- 
 te, in itself, a fruitful and a delightful place to 
 
 (119) 
 
120 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 those who love a pilgrim's life, for here our 
 Lord formerly had his country house, and here 
 he loved much to be. 
 
 When the pilgrims reached the place where 
 Christian had his encounter with Apollyon, 
 they found it was just beyond Forgetful Green, 
 — for if, at any time, pilgrims meet with any 
 brunt, it is when they are forgetful of the fa- 
 vors they have received. They saw even 
 some of Christian's blood upon the stones, and 
 some of the splinters of the fiend's broken 
 darts. And here they read, on a monument, 
 an inscription, setting forth the victory of the 
 valiant Christian, the fame of which shall en- 
 dure to all ages. 
 
 Now then they came to the Valley of the 
 Shadow of Death ; ■ — longer than the other, 
 and haunted with evil things. Groanings and 
 lamentations, and hissings assailed their ears, 
 and fearful sights, their eyes. The ground 
 shook under them, and they were sadly af- 
 frighted; but as they had daylight, and Great 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 121 
 
 Heart for a guide, and Mr. Skill's remedy for 
 a medicine, they went better through than 
 Christian had done, alone and in the night. 
 Awful spectres faded away as they bravely 
 approached, and the lions retreated when 
 Great Heart showed his determination to 
 resist them. Presently they came to a pit, 
 and as they prepared to cross, a great mist 
 and darkness fell upon them. But the dark- 
 ness was scattered by their cries and earnest 
 prayers, and even the pit hindered them no 
 more. When they had passed this danger, 
 they came among snares ; but, looking well to 
 their feet, escaped that danger, also. In this 
 part of the Valley they espied a man cast into 
 the ditch, at the left hand, with his flesh all 
 rent and torn. Then said the guide, " This is 
 one Heedless, that was going this way ; he 
 has been there a great while. There was one 
 Take Heed with him when he was taken and 
 slain, but Take Heed escaped their hands. 
 Though Christiana and her party escaped 
 
122 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 many dangers which Christian met, they en- 
 countered some from which he was free. For, 
 as they passed the cave at the end of the Val- 
 ley of the Shadow, where Christian had only 
 been called after by the giant, out rushed 
 Giant, and commenced an altercation with 
 Great Heart. The women and children were 
 sadly frightened when this evil creature ac- 
 cused Mr. Great Heart that he was a kidnap- 
 per, who gathered up women and children, 
 and carried them into a strange country, to 
 the weakening of his master's kingdom. 
 
 But Great Heart replied, "I am the ser- 
 vant of the God of Heaven ; my business is to 
 persuade sinners to repentance. I am com- 
 manded to do my endeavour to turn men, 
 women, and children, from darkness to light, 
 and from the power of Satan unto God ; and 
 if this be, indeed, the ground of the quarrel, 
 let us fall to it as soon as thou wilt." Then 
 the two fell to work dealing blows, and Great 
 Heart once was almost down, and Maul was 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 123 
 
 wounded in his arm. For a space they rested. 
 Great Heart betook himself to prayer; and 
 then they began the battle again. Great 
 Heart finally triumphed, and smote the head 
 of Giant Maul from his shoulders. Thus was 
 this enemy vanquished ; and, praising God 
 for the deliverance he had wrought, the pil- 
 grims erected a pillar, and crowned it with 
 the head of the dead giant. 
 
OLD HONESTY. 
 
 When the pilgrims reached the place where 
 Christian had overtaken Faithful, they sat 
 them down to rest, and refreshed themselves 
 with the gifts which Great Heart had brought 
 from his Master. Then, as they proceeded, 
 they came to an oak, under which lay an old 
 pilgrim, asleep. When they awakened him, 
 he sprang up, and stood upon his guard, fear- 
 ing they had been of the company of evil- 
 doers that robbed Little Faith. But when his 
 mistake was corrected, he was exceeding 
 pleased. Great Heart asked him his name, 
 but he was too modest to tell it; and then 
 Great Heart knew him for old Honesty. 
 When old Honesty was told who Great Heart's 
 companions were, the old man skipped and 
 
 (124) 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 125 
 
 smiled, and blessed them with a thousand 
 good wishes. 
 
 Then said he to Christiana, " I have heard 
 much of your husband, and of his travels and 
 wars which he underwent in his days. Be it 
 spoken to your comfort, the name of your 
 husband rings all over these parts of the 
 world : his faith, his courage, his enduring, 
 and his sincerity, under all, have made his 
 name famous." Then old Honesty turned 
 him to the boys, and asked them their names. 
 To Matthew he said, " Matthew, be thou like 
 Matthew the publican, not in vice, but in vir- 
 tue. Samuel," said he, " be thou like Samuel 
 the prophet, a man of faith and prayer. Jo- 
 seph, be thou like Joseph in Potiphar's house, 
 chaste, and flee temptation. And, James, be 
 thou like James the Just, and like James the 
 brother of our Lord." Then they told him 
 of Mercy, and how she had left her town and 
 her kindred to come along with Christiana 
 and her sons. At that, the old honest man 
 
126 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 said, " Mercy is thy name ; by mercy thou 
 shalt be sustained and carried through all 
 those difficulties that shall assault thee in thy 
 way, till thou shalt come where thou shalt 
 look the Fountain of Mercy in the face with 
 comfort." All this while, the guide, Mr. 
 Great Heart, was well pleased, and smiled 
 upon his companions. 
 
 And then, as they walked, Great Heart and 
 Mr. Honesty fell into discourse about different 
 pilgrims whom they had met. First they 
 spake of Mr. Fearey, who was always dread- 
 ing that he should come short. He lay at the 
 Slough of Despair near a month. Then, when 
 he came at the Wicket Gate, he feared, for a 
 long time, to knock. And at the house of the 
 Interpreter, he waited at the door a long time, 
 in the cold, and, being seen, was invited in. 
 At this place, he was given Great Heart for a 
 companion. Through the rest of the journey, 
 he was full of fears, but never once essayed to 
 go back. In Vanity Fair, he waxed bold 
 
the pilgrim's progress. 127 
 
 against iniquity ; over the Enchanted Ground 
 he was very wakeful. At the river he was 
 despondent again, but passed it almost dry- 
 shod, and was well received at the gate. Be- 
 ing zealous, he feared no lions, difficulties, or 
 Vanity Fairs — it was despondence whether he 
 should come in at the last, which oppressed 
 him ; and still he succeeded. 
 
 Next they talked of Mr. Self- Will, who was 
 the opposite of Fearing, and whose end was 
 not like his. And then of divers professors, 
 who set out well, but fall off. While they 
 talked, one ran to meet them, and said there 
 were robbers in the way. But they were not 
 dismayed, and therefore the robbers did not 
 venture upon them, for courage often disarms 
 danger. 
 
THE HOUSE OF GAIUS. 
 
 Christiana now wished for an inn for her- 
 self and children, for they were weary. Mr. 
 Honest recommended them to the house of an 
 honorable disciple, and there they rested. 
 Gaius, mine host, for so was he named, was 
 pleased to receive them, for he entertained 
 none but pilgrims. When he heard who they 
 were, he said, " Is this Christian's wife, and 
 are these Christian's children ? I knew your 
 husband's father, yea, also his father's father. 
 Many have been good of this stock; — their 
 ancestors dwelt first at Antioch. Christian's 
 ancestors were very worthy men. They have, 
 above any that 1 know, showed themselves 
 men of great virtue and courage. I have 
 heard of many of your father's relations that 
 
 (128) 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 129 
 
 have stood all trials for the sake of the truth. 
 Stephen, that was one of the first of the family 
 from whence your husband sprang, was knocked 
 on the head with stones. James, another of 
 this generation, was slain with the edge of the 
 sword. To say nothing of Paul and Peter, 
 men anciently of the family from whence your 
 husband came, there was Ignatius, who was 
 cast to the lions ; Romanus, whose flesh was 
 cut to pieces from his bones ; and Polycarp, 
 that played the man in the fire. There was 
 he that was hanged up in the basket in the 
 sun, for the wasps to eat ; and he whom they 
 put into a sack, and cast into the sea, to be 
 drowned. It would be utterly impossible to 
 count up all of that family who have suffered 
 injuries and death for the love of a pilgrim's 
 life. Nor can I but be glad to see that thy 
 husband has left behind him four such boys as 
 these. I hope they will bear up their father's 
 name, and tread in their father's steps, and 
 come to their father's end." 
 9 
 
130 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 Supper was presently served ; and when 
 they had eaten, Mr. Honesty proposed to the 
 host a riddle : 
 
 "A man there was, though some did count him mad, 
 The more he cast away, the more he had/' 
 
 All waited to see how Gaius, mine host, would 
 reply ; and after he sat still awhile, he thus 
 answered : 
 
 " He that bestows his goods upon the poor, 
 Shall have as much again, and ten times more/' 
 
 The children wondered that Gaius should so 
 readily have opened this; but he said he had 
 been travelling in that way a great while, and 
 had found, by experience, that he had gained 
 thereby. The children now having retired, 
 the elders still sat and conversed, till Mr. 
 Honesty, who gave the riddle to Gaius, began 
 to nod. Then said Great Heart, " What, sir, 
 do you begin to be drowsy ? Come, rub up, 
 here is a riddle for you." " Then," said Mr. 
 Honest, " Let us hear it." Then replied Mr. 
 Great Heart : 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 131 
 
 "He that will kill mast first be overcome; 
 Who live abroad would, first must die at home." 
 
 Honesty pronounced it a hard one — hard to 
 expound, and harder to practise. And he 
 would have had Gaius explain it. But mine 
 host said, " No ; it was put to you, and you 
 must answer it." Then said old Honesty : 
 
 " He, first by grace must conquered be, 
 That sin would mortify; 
 Who that he lives would convince me, 
 Unto himself must die." 
 
 On the next day, Gaius proposed that, as 
 they were so strong-handed, and Great Heart 
 was skilful with his weapons, they should 
 sally forth, and see what good they might 
 effect. They therefore visited the cave of 
 one Slay Good, a giant and master of a gang 
 of thieves, and found the monster in the very 
 act of tormenting a poor pilgrim named Feeble 
 Mind, whom he had captured. Slay Good 
 had a mind to eat his prisoner, also, being a 
 cannibal giant. This giant was conquered, 
 
132 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 as the preceding ones had been, by the prowess 
 of Great Heart ; and, with the giant's head, 
 and the pilgrim Feeble Mind, glad indeed of 
 his release, they returned to the house of 
 Gaius. The head was set up as a terror to 
 evil doers, and Feeble Mind was comforted 
 and entertained. Feeble Mind proved to be 
 the cousin of Mr. Fearing, whose pilgrimage 
 we have already spoken of; and, like Fearing, 
 though not valiant, he was faithful. He 
 knew, while in the hands of the giant, that, 
 not having consented to be taken, he should 
 not die ; for he had heard that not any pil- 
 grim, who is taken captive by violent hands, 
 if he keep his heart whole towards his master, 
 is, by the laws of Providence, to die by the 
 hand of the enemy. Eobbed he expected to 
 be, and robbed he was ; still he escaped with 
 his life. And, thankful for this, he was 
 resolved to run when he could, to walk when 
 he could not run, and to creep when he could 
 not walk. While they talked, came news that 
 
the pilgrim's progress. 133 
 
 one Mr. Not-Right, a pilgrim, had been killed 
 by a thunderbolt. " Alas !" said Mr. Feeble 
 Mind, u 4s he slain ? He overtook me some 
 days since, and would be my company keeper. 
 He also was with me when Slay Good, the 
 giant, overtook me, but he was nimble of his 
 heels and escaped ; but it seems he is escaped 
 to die, and I was taken to live." 
 
 Now about this time — for the pilgrimage 
 of Christiana and her children lasted longer 
 than it seems to be in the dream — Mercy was 
 married. Who should she have to her hus- 
 band but Matthew, Christiana's oldest son. 
 And Matthew's brother, James, was likewise 
 wedded to Phoebe, the daughter of Gaius, the 
 host; and for about ten days longer they 
 remained, rejoicing, but rejoicing as pilgrims 
 should. 
 
 When they were ready to depart, Gaius 
 made them a feast. At the hour for leaving, 
 Great Heart called for the reckoning; but 
 Gaius told them that it was not the custom 
 
134 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 for pilgrims at his house to pay for their enter- 
 tainment. He boarded them by the year ; but 
 looked for his pay from the good Samaritan, 
 who had promised him, at his return, what- 
 ever charge he was at, faithfully to repay him. 
 
 Mr. Feeble Mind, when they were going, 
 seemed inclined to linger. But Mr. Great 
 Heart urged him to go with them, and he 
 would be his guide. Feeble Mind feared that 
 his weakness would impede his companions. 
 He said, " I am a man of weak and feeble 
 mind, and shall be offended and made weak 
 at things which others bear. I shall like no 
 laughing ; I shall like no gay attire ; I shall 
 like no unprofitable questions. Nay, I am so 
 weak a man, as to be offended with that which 
 others have liberty to do." 
 
 Great Heart answered, "But, brother, I 
 have it in commission to comfort the feeble- 
 minded, and to support the weak. We will 
 deny ourselves of some things for your sake ; 
 we will not enter into doubtful disputations 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 135 
 
 before you ; we will be made all things to you, 
 lest you should be left behind." 
 
 While they thus spake, along came Mr. 
 Ready-to-Halt, with his crutches in his hand. 
 Him Feeble Mind welcomed ; and having now 
 a companion like himself, Mr. Feeble Mind 
 made no more objections to going forward. 
 
CHRISTIANA AT VANITY FAIR. 
 
 I saw in my dream that this was the order 
 in which the pilgrims walked. Mr. Great 
 Heart and Mr. Honest went before, Christiana 
 and her children came next, and Mr. Feeble 
 Mind and Mr. Ready-to-Halt followed. 
 
 Great Heart pointed out to them the place 
 where Evangelist warned Christian of what 
 should befall him at Vanity Fair. For the 
 guide knew that the family of Christian de- 
 lighted to see any foot-print or trace of his 
 pilgrimage, or memorial of his adventures. 
 
 When they reached Vanity Fair, by advice 
 of Great Heart, they went to lodge with one 
 Mr. Mnason, a Cyprian by birth, an old dis- 
 ciple. And when they were rested, and would 
 see good company, Mr. Mnason invited in, to 
 
 (136) 
 
THE PILGRIMS PROGRESS. lot 
 
 entertain them, Mr. Contrite, Mr. Holyman, 
 Mr. Lovesaints, Mr. Dare-not-Lie, and Mr. 
 Penitent. Mr. Mnason surprised them by 
 introducing his guests. "Who," he said, "do 
 you think this is ? It is Christiana, the wife 
 of Christian, that famous pilgrim, who, with 
 Faithful, his brother, was so shamefully han- 
 dled in our town." Then they wished her 
 well, and said to her children, " The King 
 whom you love and serve, make you as your 
 father, and bring you where he is in peace." 
 
 They learned from the guests that the 
 place had now become more orderly than 
 formerly. "You know," said one, "how 
 Christian and Faithful were used in our 
 town ; but of late I say they have been far 
 more moderate. I think the blood of Faithful 
 lieth as a load upon them till now ; for since 
 they burned him they have been ashamed to 
 burn any more. In those days, we were 
 afraid to walk the streets ; but now we can 
 show our heads. Then the name of a pro- 
 
138 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 fessor was odious ; now, especially in some 
 parts of our town, religion is counted honour- 
 able." The pilgrims, in their turn, recounted 
 to the guests what haps they had met in their 
 journeyings, and thus the evening sped. 
 
 I saw, in my dream, that the pilgrims staid 
 a long time in the Fair, at the house of Mr. 
 Mnason ; and he gave his daughter Grace unto 
 Samuel, and Martha to Joseph. The times 
 were not as they were once, and the pilgrims 
 could abide here safely. Mercy labored much 
 for the poor, and Christiana's other daughters 
 did good in their places, also. Many children 
 were here born to Christiana's sons, and his 
 name was like to live in the world. 
 
 It chanced that, in Vanity Fair, Great 
 Heart was able to do the people a service. 
 For near that town dwelt a monster with 
 seven heads and ten horns, as described in the 
 Book of Revelations, which was wont to come 
 out of the woods, and slay many, and also to 
 carry away the children. Great Heart, with 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 139 
 
 his friends Contrite, Holyman, and the others, 
 did so assault him upon his appearance, that 
 the monster became lame, and not only is he 
 prevented from doing as much mischief as 
 formerly, but it is believed by many that he 
 must die of his wounds. For this, the name 
 of Mr. Great Heart and his fellows became 
 revered and honored ; and the pilgrims escaped 
 hurt in the place where Christian had fared so 
 ill. Nevertheless there were some persons of 
 the baser sort who did not heed or respect them. 
 At length the time arrived that they must 
 depart. Now Feeble Mind and Ready-to- 
 Halt had companions of their own strength in 
 Christiana's grand-children and the women. 
 All stopped at the place where Faithful met 
 his death, and rendered thanks to Him who 
 had enabled the martyr to bear his cross so 
 well. They noted, also, the hill Lucre, which 
 took Demas off from his pilgrimage, and where 
 By-Ends perished. The pillar of salt, too, 
 caught their attention, and they marvelled, as 
 
140 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 
 
 Christian did before them, that men of years 
 and knowledge could turn aside here, in spite 
 of such warnings. 
 
 I saw, in my dream, that they came to the 
 river that was on this side of the Delectable 
 Mountains. By this river side, in the mea- 
 dows, there were cotes and folds for sheep, 
 and a house built for the nourishing and 
 bringing up of those lambs, the babes of those 
 women who go on pilgrimage. Also there 
 was one here who was intrusted with them, 
 who could have compassion, and could gather 
 those lambs with his arm, and carry them in 
 his bosom. Now to the care of this man 
 Christiana admonished her four daughters to 
 commit their little ones, that by these waters 
 they might be housed, harboured, succoured 
 and nourished, and that none of them might 
 be lacking in time to come. So they were 
 content to commit their little ones to him ; 
 and it was an encouragement for them to do so, 
 that all this was to be at the charge of the King. 
 
THE SACKING OF DOUBTING CASTLE. 
 
 Now when the pilgrims were come to By- 
 Path Meadow, where Christian and his fellow 
 Hopeful went astray, and were taken by 
 Giant Despair, and put into Doubting Castle, 
 they sat down and consulted what was best to 
 be done. Since they were so strong, and had 
 such a man as Mr. Great Heart for their con- 
 ductor, they debated whether they had not 
 best make an attempt upon the giant, demolish 
 his castle, and, if there were any pilgrims in 
 it, to set them at liberty. After debate, Great 
 Heart decided that it would be within his 
 commission to resist sin, to overcome evil, and 
 to fight the good fight of faith, if he should 
 attack Doubting Castle. Old Honesty, and 
 the four sons of Christiana volunteered to 
 
 (141) 
 
142 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 assist ; and so they went up to the castle, to 
 look for the giant. 
 
 When they came to the gate, they knocked 
 for admittance with an unusual noise. At 
 that, the old giant comes to the gate, and Dif- 
 fidence, his wife, follows. Then said he, 
 " Who and what is he that is so hardy, as, 
 after this manner, to molest the Giant De- 
 spair ?" Mr. Great Heart replied, " It is I, 
 Great Heart, one of the King's conductors of 
 pilgrims to their place, and I demand of thee 
 that thou open thy gates for my entrance : 
 prepare thyself also to fight, for I am come to 
 take away thy head, and to demolish Doubting 
 Castle." 
 
 Now Giant Despair, because he was a giant, 
 thought no man could overcome him. So he 
 put on his armor, and went out. He had a 
 cap of steel upon his head ; a breast-plate of 
 fire girded to him ; and he came out in over- 
 shoes, with a great club in his hand. Then 
 these six men made up to him, and beset him 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 143 
 
 behind and before ; also, when Diffidence, the 
 giantess, came out to help him, old Mr. Ho- 
 nesty cut her down at one blow. Then they 
 fought for their lives, and Giant Despair was 
 brought down to the ground, but was very 
 loth to die. Great Heart left him not till he 
 had severed his head from his shoulders. 
 
 Then they fell to demolishing Doubting 
 Castle, which they were seven days in destroy- 
 ing. In the dungeons they found one Mr. 
 Despondency, and his daughter Much-Afraid, 
 both of whom they saved alive. But it would 
 have made you wonder to have seen the dead 
 bodies which lay here and there in the castle 
 yard, and how full the dungeon was of dead 
 men's bones. 
 
 When Mr. Great Heart and his companions 
 had performed this exploit, they took Mr. 
 Despondency and his daughter Much-Afraid 
 into their protection ; for they were honest 
 people, though they were prisoners to Giant 
 Despair. When Feeble Mind and Keady-to- 
 
144 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 Halt saw the head of Giant Despair, they were 
 very jocund and merry. They had music, 
 also, for Christiana played upon the viol, and 
 Mercy upon the lute ; and Mr. Ready-to-Halt 
 took Much- Afraid by the hand, and to dancing 
 they went along the road. Mr. Despondency 
 was more for feeding than dancing, for he was 
 almost starved. 
 
 Then I saw, in my dream, that Mr. Great 
 Heart took the head of Giant Despair, and set 
 it upon a pole, by the highway side, right 
 over against the pillar that Christian erected 
 for a caution to pilgrims that came after, to 
 take heed of entering into his grounds. 
 
THE DELECTABLE MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Now then Great Heart and his companions 
 reached the Delectable Mountains ; and the 
 shepherds heartily welcomed so goodly a com- 
 pany, the weak as well as the strong. They 
 were conducted into the palace, refreshed with 
 food, and shown to their places of rest. 
 
 In the morning, the shepherds first showed 
 them what Christian had seen, and then led 
 them to some new places. One was Mount 
 Marvel, where they saw a man throwing the 
 hills about with words, to teach pilgrims how 
 to believe down, or toss out of their way, by 
 faith, such difficulties as they should meet 
 with. 
 
 They were next conducted to Mount Inno- 
 cence. Here they saw a man clothed in 
 10 ( 145 > 
 
146 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 white, and two men, named Prejudice and Ill- 
 Will, continually casting dirt upon him. But 
 whatsoever dirt they cast upon him would 
 soon fall off, and his garment would look as 
 clear as ever. " This man," said the shep- 
 herds, "is named Godly Man, and this gar- 
 ment is to show the innocency of his life. 
 Now those that throw dirt at him are such as 
 hate his well-doing ; but, as you see, the dirt 
 will not stick upon his clothes ; so shall it be 
 with him that liveth innocently in the world." 
 Next were they led to Mount Charity, 
 where they saw a man that had a bundle of 
 cloth lying before him, out of which he cut 
 coats and garments for the poor that stood 
 about him; yet his bundle, or roll, was never 
 the less. They were taken, also, to the place 
 where they saw one Fool, and one Want- Wit, 
 washing an Ethiopian, with an intention to 
 make him white ; but the more they washed, 
 the blacker he was. " Thus," said the shep- 
 herds, " is it with the vile person ; all means 
 
the pilgrim's progress. 147 
 
 used to get such a one a good name shall, in 
 the end, tend to make him more abominable. 
 Thus it was with the Pharisees, and so it shall 
 be with all hypocrites." 
 
 To the women, the shepherds gave each a 
 present such as they desired. Mercy's was a 
 wonderful glass, which, I understood in my 
 dream, represented the Word of God. It 
 would present a man, one way, with his own 
 features, exactly ; and, turn it the other way, 
 and it would show the very face and similitude 
 of the Prince of Pilgrims himself. Upon 
 Christiana's neck the shepherds placed a neck- 
 lace ; and so they did also upon the necks of 
 her four daughters ; and they put rings in 
 their ears, and jewels upon their foreheads. 
 And when they were minded to go, the shep- 
 herds let them go in peace ; but, since they 
 had Great Heart for a guide, they gave them 
 not the cautions that they gave Christian and 
 Hopeful. 
 
 When they were gone from the Shepherds, 
 
148 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 they soon came to the place where Christian 
 met Turnaway. And they learned from Great 
 Heart that he did not cease till he got quite 
 back to the evil, though Evangelist strove 
 with him to make him retrace his steps. A 
 little farther on, I saw in my dream that 
 they met a man standing where Little Faith 
 formerly was robbed, with his drawn sword in 
 his hand. They learned from him that his 
 name was Valiant-for-Truth. He was a pil- 
 grim, and had just beaten off three men, 
 Wild-Head, Inconsiderate, and Pragmatic, who 
 had offered him his choice of three things : 
 To become one of them, To go back whence 
 he came, or, To die upon the spot. When he 
 refused to be commanded by them, they fell 
 upon him ; but, after a three hours' struggle, 
 he had driven them away. When Great 
 Heart looked upon his sword, he pronounced 
 it a true Jerusalem blade — such as will cut 
 flesh, and bones, and spirit, and all. 
 
 Valiant-for-Truth then related how he was 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 149 
 
 first put upon going on pilgrimage ; and 
 Christiana was delighted to hear that among 
 the causes which moved him, and indeed the 
 chief, was the relation of Christian's adven- 
 tures, and of his success. Right glad was 
 Valiant, also, to find Christian's wife and 
 family following in the father's foot-steps. 
 And Valiant described, also, how many and 
 how various means were taken to deter and 
 to frighten him ; but his faith made him tri- 
 umph over all. 
 
THE ENCHANTED GROUND. 
 
 As they talked and sang, they now reached 
 the Enchanted Ground. And I saw, in my 
 dream, that the place was all grown over with 
 briars and thorns, except here and there was 
 an enchanted arbor, in which, if a man sleeps, 
 it is a chance if he wake again in this world. 
 They had now a rear-guard in Mr. Valiant- 
 for-Truth, who walked behind, while Great 
 Heart proceeded in their front. Great mist 
 and darkness fell upon them, so that they 
 cou]d scarce, for a while, see one another, but 
 were fain to comfort each other with words of 
 encouragement. There were no inns or stop- 
 ping places to refresh the weaker sort ; and, 
 in the dirt, and dreariness, and mire, their 
 strength was sorely tried. An arbor, called 
 
 (150) 
 
the pilgrim's progress. 151 
 
 The Slothful's Friend, offered its temptations ; 
 but so well were the pilgrims warned by their 
 guides, that they seemed not so much as to 
 desire to stop there. It had in it a soft couch, 
 whereon the weary might lean, and was beau- 
 tified with green, and furnished with seats 
 and conveniences. All were in vain to tempt 
 these pilgrims. 
 
 I saw, in my dream, that they went on in 
 their solitary way, till they came to a place 
 where a man is apt to lose the path. Here 
 Great Heart was ready with a map, which I 
 knew represented God's word, to pick out the 
 path and avoid danger. Presently they came 
 to another enchanted arbor, where were two 
 men asleep, whose names were Heedless and 
 Too-Bold. The pilgrims strove to awaken 
 them, but they only mumbled in their sleep. 
 " I will pay you," said one, " when I take my 
 money." And the other said, " I will fight so 
 long as I can hold my sword in my hand." 
 As they could not be awakened, the pilgrims 
 
152 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 were forced to leave them, and went trembling 
 on amid these many dangers. They were 
 somewhat relieved when Great Heart struck 
 a light, by which they walked ; and I under- 
 stood, in my dream, that this light also signi- 
 fied God's Word, which, it is written, shall be 
 a lamp unto the feet. 
 
 Presently, as they walked, they overtook a 
 man who was on his knees, and seemed to be 
 earnestly talking to one above. When they 
 reached him, he was known, by old Mr. Ho- 
 nesty, to be one Standfast, a faithful pilgrim ; 
 and so they had another good companion. 
 And he told them, as he walked, that, having 
 been beset in his path by the temptations of 
 Madam Bubble, who represents this vain 
 world, and being poor and weary, he was 
 sorely tried. But when he could, in no other 
 manner, drive her away, he prayed for help, 
 and the tempter fled. Then Great Heart and 
 old Honesty told the pilgrims farther of this 
 vain witch and her enchantments. It was 
 
the pilgrim's progress. 153 
 
 she who set Absalom against his father, and 
 Jeroboam against his master. She made Ju- 
 das sell his Lord, and drew Demas away from 
 the pilgrim's life. Many has she betrayed to 
 the halter, and ten thousand times more to 
 hell. 
 
 Nothing more, that I saw, befell the pil- 
 grims on the Enchanted Ground. They 
 reached the land of Beulah, where Christian 
 had been so happily received before ; and 
 here they had, like him, license and free joy 
 in the king's own land. In this land, they 
 heard nothing, saw nothing, felt nothing, 
 smelt nothing, tasted nothing, that was offen- 
 sive to their stomach or mind ; only when 
 they tasted of the water of the river over 
 which they were to go, they thought that it 
 tasted a little bitterish to the palate ; but it 
 proved sweet when it was down. 
 
THE HAPPY END 
 
 Now while they lay here, there came, post, 
 from the Celestial City, a Messenger to Chris- 
 tiana. And the contents of the letter he bore 
 were : — " Hail, good woman ; I bring thee 
 tidings that the Master calleth for thee, and 
 expects that thou shalt stand in his presence, 
 in robes of immortality, within these ten 
 days." When he had read this letter, he 
 gave her therewith a sure token that he was 
 a true messenger, and was come to bid her 
 make haste to be gone. The token was an 
 arrow, sharpened at the point with love, let 
 easily into her heart, which, by degrees, 
 wrought so effectually with her, that at the 
 time appointed, she must be gone. 
 
 So she called Mr. Great Heart, and made 
 
 (154) 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 155 
 
 preparations for the last stage on her jour- 
 ney. She took an affectionate leave of 
 her children and her friends, giving all a 
 timely and appropriate word of comfort and 
 of warning. When the day came that Chris- 
 tiana must be gone, the road was full of people 
 to see her depart. But, behold, all the banks 
 beyond the river were full of horses and cha- 
 riots, which were come down from above, to 
 accompany her to the Celestial Gate. She 
 entered the river ; and the last words she was 
 heard to say were, " I come, Lord, to be with 
 thee, and bless thee !" Those that waited for 
 her, carried her out of sight. The children 
 wept at her departure, but Mr. Valiant and 
 Mr. Great Heart played upon the well-tuned 
 cymbal and harp for joy ; for Christiana had 
 entered the Celestial City, with all the cere- 
 monies of joy and welcome which met her 
 husband before her. 
 
 Next, Mr. Ready-to-Halt was summoned; 
 and then Mr. Feeble Mind heard the Messen- 
 
156 the pilgrim's progress. 
 
 ger at his chamber door. " Now," said Ready- 
 to-Halt, " I shall have no more need of these 
 crutches, for chariots and horses await me." 
 And the last words he said were, " Welcome, 
 Life !" Mr. Feeble Mind's last words were, 
 " Hold out, faith and patience !" and so he 
 went over to the other side. 
 
 Mr. Despondency and his daughter went 
 together, for Much- Afraid could not endure to 
 tarry behind. " Farewell, night ! Welcome, 
 day !" said the father, and the daughter sang 
 as she went through the flood. When old 
 Mr. Honesty came to depart, it was found that 
 the river, at that time, overflowed its banks 
 in some places. But he had, in his life-time, 
 spoken to one Good Conscience, to meet him 
 there ; the which he did, and lent him his 
 hand, and helped him over. The last words 
 of Mr. Honest were, "Grace reigns!" and so 
 he left the world. 
 
 Next, Mr. Valiant-for-Truth received the 
 summons. As he walked into the river, he 
 
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 157 
 
 said, " death, where is thy sting !" And as 
 he went further into the deep waters, he cried, 
 " grave, where is thy victory !" As he 
 passed over, the trumpets sounded for him on 
 the other shore. 
 
 Then came the call for Mr. Standfast. With 
 many goodly words of exhortation, he com- 
 missioned Mr. Great Heart to speak to those 
 who should come after ; and much consolation 
 did he bequeath to them ; remembering his 
 family with prayers and tears. It happened, 
 when he went, that there was a great calm in 
 the river, so that he could talk long, and be 
 well heard. But, while he was thus in dis- 
 course, his countenance changed ; his strong 
 man bowed under him, and after he had said, 
 " Take me, for I am come unto thee !" he 
 ceased to be seen of his friends. 
 
 Glorious it was to see how the upper region 
 was filled with horses and chariots, with 
 singers and players on stringed instruments; 
 
158 THE PILGRIM 1 S PROGRESS. 
 
 to welcome the pilgrims as they went up, and 
 followed one another in at the beautiful gate 
 of the city. 
 
 As for Christiana's children, and their wives 
 and children, I did not stay where I was till 
 they were gone over. But since I came away, 
 I have heard that they were yet alive, and 
 so would be for a time, for the increase of the 
 church in the place where they were. 
 
 THE END 
 
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