DAIRYING IN MISSOURI 
 
 PUBLISHED UNDER A U ',' H O R I T Y OF THE 
 
 MISSOURI COMMISSION 
 LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION 
 
 St. Louis, Missouri, 1904 
 
 DAIRY DEPARTMENT 
 
 n. P, STKOUP, Chitirman 
 
 W W. MAKPLIi, Superintendent 
 

 MISSOURI COMMISSION 
 LOUISIANA P U R C II A S K EXPOSITION 
 
 M. T. Davis, President. Springfiekl L. F. Pakker, St. I.ouis 
 
 F. J. Moss, Vice President, St. Joseph D. P. Strouv, Norborne 
 
 B. H. BoNioEV, Secretary. Unionville N. H. Gentry, Sedalia 
 
 I. H. Hawthorne, Treasurer, Kansas City J. O. Allison, New Londo 
 
DAIRYING IN MISSOURI 
 
 |HE history of dairying in Missouri is industry was nurtured and fostered to any great 
 not unlike that of other countries, extent. The resources of Missouri were so varied 
 It's a story of early obscurity and and so extensive and pronounced in all of them, 
 future prominence. It's an old story the faithful Missouri cow was neglected for the 
 and yet like the old, old story of love that for six Missouri mule. The production of milk was 
 thousand years has been whispered in the ears of neglected for the raising of beef. The manufac- 
 millions of willing listeners, and millions more of tureof butter was of no consequence compared with 
 impatient, anxious mortals are waiting for it to the raising of corn. Instead of cheese factories, 
 be told over and over again to them, it is ever the country abounded in tobacco barns. Finally 
 refreshing and acceptable to all of the people of the people of this great commonwealth "were 
 some countries and some of the people of all shown." Their attention was called to the fact 
 countries. that this was the best climate in the world for 
 Since the persistent wandering of a nation of obtaining the greatest results in dairying; that Mis- 
 people, thousands of years ago, for forty years in souri possessed the most luxuriant growth of 
 the wilderness, to keep from getting into a dairy grass and the best quality of any State in the 
 country where they would have to milk, history Union; that our country was well watered, and 
 has repeated itself many times and the favorable that all of the conditions were favorable for 
 conditions that have existed in different sections making this an ideal dairy country in which the 
 for doing a profitable dairy business has been dis- business might be carried on with a greater profit 
 regarded for the promotion of some other branch than in any other country. The evidence was 
 of agriculture less profitable. sufficient and in three or four years Missouri 
 Like all other countries engaged in dairying, grass was being converted into milk, Missouri 
 Missouri required a practical illustration of the milk was being made into butter and cheese, 
 benefits to be derived from an active interest in The cattle on a thousand hills were high grade 
 this particular branch of agriculture, before the milk cows. The wonderful crops of grain and 
 
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roughness (suitable for the production of milk) 
 that never failed was sold to the highest market 
 in all the country, and sold for cash to the Mis- 
 souri mortgage lifter, the faithful dairy cow. The 
 outcome of this dairy sentiment and the inaugu- 
 ration of this business was the establishment of 
 modern creameries in Missouri, among them the 
 largest creamery in the world, the building of 
 dairy barns, of which Missouri boasts the 
 finest in the world, the erection of silos, the 
 changing of corn land into pastures, the breeding 
 of better stock, the making of better roads, the 
 building of better houses, the beautifying and 
 adorning of rural homes, and the encouragement 
 of an enormous immigration by those people 
 engaged in dairying, seeking the country where 
 the largest amount of milk could be produced at 
 the least cost and with the least labor. 
 
 The Missouri farmer had carefully considered 
 the matter. With his characteristic, conservative 
 and careful disposition, he investigated the 
 proposition thoroughly and, when his mind was 
 settled, when he decided that dairying was the 
 thing, he went at it right, and by his actions he 
 said, "We will set an example worthy of 
 imitation." 
 
 He accepted up-to-date methods. He bought 
 the best cows. He bred for butter, for milk, or 
 for cheese, according to the demands of his 
 
 particular market. The men who lived close to 
 St. Louis, Hannibal, Kansas City, or St. Joseph, 
 and other cities, and were willing to sell all of 
 their milk, prepared to furnish their respective 
 places with milk for family use, and the conse- 
 quences — Train loads of good, pure, unadulterated 
 milk may be seen going into the larger cities, and 
 car loads and wagon loads into the smaller places 
 every morning. 
 
 The pure quality of this milk increased the 
 consumption, and with the increased demand the 
 price got better and the dairyman felt compensated 
 for early rising and for the work necessary to 
 prepare his product for market. 
 
 The man who lived farther from market, and 
 the man who wanted his milk to raise calves and 
 pigs, the man that used to be entirely left because 
 of his location, was not forgotten. In the new 
 order of things he was well taken care of. He 
 was provided with a good market, and every day 
 the roads were lined with light wagons that 
 glistened with milk cans full of good, rich cream 
 on its way to the nearest railroad station, to be 
 shipped to some large centralized creamery in 
 Kansas City, St. Joseph, Hannibal, or some 
 other enterprising Missouri city. 
 
 Thousands of hand separators were sold. The 
 cream was taken out of the milk while fresh, and 
 the clean, warm skim milk was used to raise good 
 
calves ; and Missouri became a wonderful example 
 of the many profits in dairying. 
 
 Missouri sunshine, Missouri water, Missouri 
 grass, Missouri feed, is all being used to produce 
 milk, out of which an immense amount of butter 
 and cheese is being made and the by-products go 
 to raise calves and make pork. The size of Mis- 
 souri, its climate, its location, the favorable con- 
 ditions, all go to make it the future "Promised 
 Land" of America, the central butter market of 
 the world. 
 
 Missouri has 750,000 to 800,000 dairy cows, 
 and at the same time has sunshine and water and 
 grass and feed and room enough to support 
 10,000,000. 
 
 Missouri's experiment station, which is in con- 
 nection with the State University at Columbia, 
 has a dairy building second to none in the United 
 States, and the influence of the work done there 
 is being felt to a marked degree all the time. 
 
 Some remarkable records have been made by 
 Missouri dairymen. Among these might be men- 
 tioned Mr. Coleman, of Pettis county, who aver- 
 aged from seven cows, in 1903, 400 pounds of but- 
 ter each. He fed the skim milk to hogs, and after 
 paying for all the feed given to his cows and hogs, 
 he had a net profit of $850 from the proceeds. 
 
 A Nodaway county man reports making §6, 000 
 in six years on forty acres in the dairy business, 
 
 and started absolutely without any capital. 
 
 Goodrich Bros., of Henry county, have a herd 
 of thirty cows that average 375 pounds of butter 
 a year. 
 
 Mr. Koontz, of Jasper county, has a herd of 
 twenty-five to thirty cows that has averaged for 
 several years nearly 400 pounds of butter a year. 
 
 Hosmer & Son, of Marshfield, has a herd of 
 seventy-five cows that averaged them last year over 
 350 pounds of butter, one cow making 5 60 pounds. 
 
 Mr. Schelpman, of Greene county, realized last 
 year from his herd of twenty-five cows over 8125 
 a head. 
 
 Besides these there are hundreds of others of 
 the same kind of records, all of which go to show 
 the adaptability of Missouri for successful dairy- 
 ing, and is sufficient explanation of why so much 
 interest is being taken in the business all over the 
 state. 
 
 This interest is universal because the entire 
 state is adapted to dairying. There is no section 
 where conditions are unfavorable, and there is no 
 section that to any marked degree possesses 
 advantages over the rest of the state. Missouri 
 as a whole is a dairy state, and the possibilities in 
 every county for the production of milk in large 
 quantities at a minimum cost, are unsurpassed 
 anywhere in the world. 
 
 The peculiar conditions that exist in Missouri 
 
"•Ws?:: 
 
 ONE 
 
 AND ONE-HALF 
 
 MILLION 
 
 PEOPLE 
 
 HAVE SEEN 
 
 THIS 
 
 EXHIBIT 
 
 AND 
 
 PRONOTTX-CED 
 
 IT 
 
 VVONDERF+JL. 
 
 MISSOURI'S BUIILR EXHIBIT, 
 
^^s^" 
 
 THE 
 
 FIGURES 
 
 IN THIS 
 
 EXHIBIT 
 
 ARE 
 
 LIFE SIZE 
 
 AND ARE 
 
 MADE OF 
 
 SOLID BUTTER 
 
 OF THE 
 
 BEST QUALITY. 
 
 .ISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION. 
 
favorable to the dairyman makes him fearless of healthy climate, have all gone to make a large 
 
 competition, because he knows there is no population in our towns and cities, 
 
 country where they can produce a pound of These are all consumers and each additional 
 
 butter cheaper than he can here This is not all one has increased the outlet and improved the 
 
 that interests him. He is convenient to a good market for the producer. Besides this, Missouri's 
 
 market. The very large manufacturing, commer- market for dairy products is enhanced because of 
 
 cial, and railroad interests of Misiouri, her its proximity to a section where the resources of 
 
 educational advantages as shown in Academies, the people are in other lines, and where they 
 
 Seminaries, and Universities almost without depend on some other country for their butter 
 
 number, together with the advantages of a good and cheese. 
 
 ART IN BUTTER 
 
 ISSOURI'S butter exhibit at the thousands of people have seen this exhibit and 
 
 Louisiana Purchase Exposition is the verdict has been universally the same — "A 
 
 the greatest exhibit in its line the wonderful exhibit." Hundreds of people have 
 
 world ever saw and is regarded expressed themselves as being fully compensated 
 
 as one of the prominent attractions at this most for the expense of a trip to the World's Fair in 
 
 wonderful World's Fair. this exhibit alone, even by some as far away as 
 
 The Missouri Commission expended in the in- London, England; Edinburgh, Scotland, and 
 
 stallation of this exhibit nearly ten thousand dol- Gouda, Holland. 
 
 lars and it is not only of wonderful magnitude. In this impressive story so beautifully told in 
 
 but shows in every detail the workmanship of a butter, through the skill of the sculptor, Mr. 
 
 master artist. It tells a story that has not only Neilsen of St. Louis, there is more than appears 
 
 interested those who have seen it, but in addition on the face of it. Like a western mirage, there is 
 
 has impressed those interested with the import- reflected a wonderful and attractive picture in 
 
 ance of this branch of agriculture. Hundreds of which can be seen a country that has reached the 
 
 8 
 
highest state of agricultural development ; and a 
 million and a half people on the farm enjoying all 
 the comforts and luxuries that come with 
 prosperity and success, as well as two millions of 
 people in the cities of Missouri being furnished 
 with the purest dairy products fresh from the 
 farm and the factory. 
 
 This picture has been engraved on the tablet of 
 the memory of those who have seen it, never to 
 be effaced or grow dim. And as they go to their 
 homes in every quarter of the globe, its influence 
 will be felt and it will always be a reminder that 
 a cordial welcome and a happy home awaits those 
 who desire to cast their lot and spend their lives 
 in a land of milk and honey. 
 
 In making a very liberal appropriation for the 
 Dairy Department at the World's Fair, the Mis- 
 souri Commission had in mind strictly a dairy 
 exhibit; not only a work of art to be admired by 
 the hundreds of thousands that would see it, but 
 to impress our people with the importance of this 
 branch of agriculture, tell our visitors what was 
 being done now and show to the world the won- 
 derful possibilities and golden opportunities along 
 this line in the great commonwealth of Missouri. 
 Their work in this direction has been completed. 
 The great crowds of people who have seen this 
 exhibit and into whose hands this little pamphlet 
 may fall, must decide whether or not their 
 
 effort has been in vain. Your decision will be 
 final and your verdict will be satisfactory. 
 
 The central figure in this exhibit is designed to 
 represent "Ceres," the Goddess of Agriculture, 
 holding a sickle in her hands, and to complete 
 the group, on either side is a model of the high- 
 est type of dairy cows. The one on the right 
 represents the Jersey breed, and is modeled from 
 a famous cow of Dr. Still's, at Kirksville, Mis 
 souri. This cow was entered in the World's Fair 
 stock show and won a prize. She was sold Mon- 
 day, September 19th, for $2,350.00, to a resident 
 of New York. This cow's head and neck is resting 
 on a sheaf of wheat and her nose is in the lap of 
 " Ceres." On the top of her neck the left arm of 
 the goddess is supported. As an evidence of the 
 work done by the artist as shown in the perfect 
 likeness of this cow, the children of the owner of 
 the original when they saw this model, recognized 
 it as their cow and called it by name. The cow 
 on the left represents the Holstein breed, and 
 is modeled from a very famous cow of M. E. 
 Moore's, at Cameron. This cow was in the test 
 at the World's Fair and made 270 pounds of 
 butter in ninety days. The owner of the original 
 of this model pronounced this a perfect like- 
 ness or reproduction. 
 
 This entire exhibit is made of solid butter, abso- 
 lutely pure, there being used over 3,000 pounds. 
 
This is one of the remarkable features of the 
 exhibit, as the usual way is to make the statues 
 out of something else, and cover them with butter. 
 The butter out of which this exhibit is made is the 
 product from 75,000 pounds of milk, or 9,000 gal- 
 lons, which would be equal to an average milking 
 from 6,000 cows. On the walls of this space an 
 impressive story is told of the progress made in 
 dairy methods and the manner of handling the 
 raw material, in frieze work. The walls are cov- 
 ered several inches thick with butter, and the 
 figures used are made in bold relief. Commencing 
 at the left on the end space is the figure of a 
 woman churning with the old-fashioned churn. In 
 the next corner is a woman skimming a pan of 
 milk on which the cream has raised by the old 
 gravity process. This represents "the old 
 method." Between the two, on the floor of a 
 scantily furnished log house, is a boy feeding a 
 
 dog. To the right of this, at right angles, is the 
 mother playing with her children, while a boy is 
 separating the milk with a centrifugal separator. 
 This represents "the new method." Around the 
 corner from this is a reproduction of the seal of 
 the state of Missouri. All of this is done in but- 
 ter. This exhibit is in a refrigerator with a glass 
 front of three thicknesses of plate glass and an 
 air space between each two. At one end of the case 
 is an ice-making machine in constant operation, 
 and the temperature inside of the case is kept 
 below freezing. The space occupied by Missouri's 
 butter exhibit is eight feet by twenty-eight feet, 
 making 224 square feet of floor space, and about 
 325 square feet of wall space. The work done on 
 it was equal to three months work for one man, 
 and its magnitude is commensurate with the pos- 
 sibilities of the great state represented by it. 
 
 MISSOURI'S BIG CHEESE 
 
 N its design and construction, .Mis- which Missouri carries on all lines of agriculture, 
 souri's cheese exhibit is a wonder- This is a full cream cheese and weighs over 3,000 
 ful thing because of its being the pounds. It required ten men to unload it and put it 
 first and only one of the kind. In in the case, and it took four horses hitched to a 
 its size it is typical of the extensive scale on heavy truck wagon to haul it from the freight car to 
 
 10 
 
MISSOURI'S CHEESE EXHIBIT. 
 
the Agricultural Building. As indicated on the card 
 inside of the case, it was made in Altamont, Daviess 
 county, in which part of the state a large propor- 
 tion of Missouri's cheese factories are located. 
 On the face of the cheese is moulded a 
 typical milk cow, represented as being in clover 
 with a milkmaid by her side, sitting on a stool, 
 engaged in milking. To make this cheese required 
 35,000 pounds of milk, a car load and a half, one 
 
 milking from 3,000 ordinary cows. The milk out 
 of which this cheese was made was purchased 
 from 150 dairymen, it is seven feet in diameter 
 and was put into the case where it is now on ex- 
 hibition in the original hoop in which it was 
 pressed. This case is made exactly the same as 
 the butter case and the temperature is held at 
 about 35 to 40 degrees. 
 
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