-Xs: A- Sri^61^^IjiE3 H.OTJTE: From New York to the West, Known as the ALLENTOWN ROUTE, is the shortest, in both distance and time, from New York to Cincinnati, Si. Louis or Chicago, being 60 miles shorter and the time two hours quicker than by any of the northern routes. Passengers by this route leave New York at the foot of Courtlandt btreet by the ferry to Jersey City. The ronte runs via Newark and Elizabeth, and the Central Railway of New Jersey, to Eastou, at the junction of the Lehigh with the Delaware River. Thence over the Lehigh Valley R. R., following the banks of the Lehigh River, to Allentown, and over the East Penn'a R. R. to Reading, and from that point over the Lebanon Valley branch of the Phil- adelphia & Reading R. R. to Harrisburgh, where it connects with the Great Pennsylvania Rail Road to Pittjburgb. The scenery of this route is not excelled on the continent. From the beau- tifully cultivated fields and gentle slopes of New Jersey and the Lebanon Val- ley, to the wild and scenic grandeur of the Juniata and Alleghenies, the transition is so gradual, and yet so swift, as to compress into a seventeen hours' ride, a variety of beauties of nature, formerly attainable only by a tour of weeks or months. To business men, its advantages are greatest; allowing them to transac*; a full day's business in New York, they can leave there in the 7 00 P. M. train, take a sleeping car, and after a refreshing sleep and good breakfast at Altoona, arrive in Pittsburgh at noon, without having changed cars. The train to Chicago, leaving in just one hour, allows ample time for dinner, and again a ride of 468 miles, without any change of cars, brings them to that commercial metropolis of the West. ( 3 ) To ladies, traveling alone, the route offers peculiar facilities from the very few changes of cars ; to all, it is the shortest, quickest, BEST, and we express unqualiiiediy the opinion, that every one who once travels it, will never go by any other, unless •caLied by his engagements to stop at a point on some other route. The Vamden ^ Amhoy aud New York R. R. Route, via Philadelphia, is the ne^t in time and distance, from New York to the West. There are two distiect roads from N. Y. to Phila. The New Jersey R. R. leaving at the foot of Courtlandt St,, on ferry to Jersey City, and thence via Newark, New Brunswick acd Trenton, to Kenningston District, Phila. The Camden ^ Amhoy leaving at foot of Barclay St., by boat to Amboy, and thence via Borden tovin and Camden to Walnut St. wharf, Phila, Some trains run by New Jersey R. R. as above to Trenton, thence by branch R. R. to Borden- town and into Phila. via Camden. THE GREAT CENTRAL ROUTE From Philadelphia^ which tliis publication verbally illustrates, is of great atti-atition to the tourist, and of equally great imnortasce to the business man. Passing through the heari; of the great commonwealth of PeKnsyivania, from its eastern borders to its western, it carries the traveler over and by some of the mo?t famous scenes of our colonial and revolutionary history, and by poiiits celebrated in the traditions of the red man. Traversing some of the finest agricultural counties in the Keystone State, the route penetrat-ss the heart of the coal and iron producing i^ion, and conveys the traveler through the grandest and most picturesque of mountain scenery. Leaving the Keystone Slate-, the route runs through the famous wheat dis- trict of Ohio, and traverses the most noted agricultural section of the Buckeye State, passing many spots renowned in the history of the early settlement of the great North- Western Territory, and the Indian wars of that period. After traversing the entire breadth of the State of Ohio, it enters the State of Indiana, across th-e northern portion, passing in its course the sites of famous Indian villages, border battles, and frontier forts, afF/rding fine views of the scenery of the Hoosier State, with its flourishi'ng villages and extensive farms. From lod'ana the route passes into the State of Illinois, giving viewa of its broad piairies, and occasionally of the blue v.'alers of Lake Michigan, until th-e traveler is safely landed in tbe renowned city of Chicago. By this route (which is shorter by 60 miles than any other between New York and Chicago or St. Louis,) the traveler is conveyed 898 miles, with but one change of cars, over and through the territory of five states. Travers- ing in tho€e states 42 Counties, containing manufacturing, agricultural and mining populations ; running through three of the chief citifs of the Union, each famous for the specialities of its business; affording views of many of the chief inland towns of the five states, it thus prespnts to the eye of the traveler a greater variety of scenery, population, and business, than is pass- ed in any other route. ( 4 ) TIME TABLE PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL RAILROAD. Trains going West leave Stations as follows: PHILAD'A.... W. Philad'a... City Avenue,. White HalL,.. Morgans Cor'r Eagle Paoli Westchest'r In Steamboat..... Oakland Downingtown Gallagberville Coatesville .... Chandler's Parkesburg ... Penning tonv'e Christiana Gap Kinzer's Leaman Place Gordonville ... Bird-in-Hand . Lancaster Dillerville Landisville .... Mount Joy Kuhnz's Sid'g Elizabelhtown Conewago Sid. Branch Inter'n Middletown ... Highspire Harrisburg.... Rockv'e Sw'cb Sid W. of b'ge N. C. Crossing: Balti. Exp. A.M. 2 GO .2 10 2 15 2 18 Phi la. Exp. P. M. 10 30 10 45 10 56 11 07 11 15 11 21 11 30 11 34 11 42 11 49 11 59 A.M. 12 02 12 14 12 21 12 25 12 31 12 34 12 40 12 46 12 55 12 58 1 05 1 21 1 25 1 1 48 1 55 2 03 2 12 Fast Liae. A.M. 11 30 11 40 11 50 12 00 P.M. 12 07 12 13 12 23 12 26 12 33 12 40 1 05 1 44 23 25 32 00 10 15 18 Mail. A.M. 7 30 7 40 7 55 8 10 8 19 8 28 8 40 8 45 8 56 9 06 9 18 9 22 9 35 9 41 9 48 9 57 10 02 10 09 10 17 10 27 Ol|lO 30 08jl0 38 23|l0 55 26|10 58 4o! 49 56 05 12 3 22 P.M. 12 17 25|l2 20 32|12 30 50i 1 15 OOl 1 27 05 1 32 08l 1 36 Cove Duncannon.... Aqueduct Sid. Baily's Newport Millerstown ... Thompsont'n.. Tuscarora Perrysville Mifflin "Narrows,".... Lewistown End D'ble T'k Anderson's S.. M'Veytown .... ManayunkSid. N. Hamilton... Mount Union.. Mill Creek Huntingdon ... Petersburg.... Barree Spruce Creek. Birmingham... Tyrone Tipton Fostoria Bell's Mills Altoona Kittanning Pt. East End Tun'l Gallitzin Cresson Bait. Exp. A.M. Phila. Exp. A. M. Fast Line. P.M. Lillys Portage Wilmore Summerhill S. Fork 2 23 3 23 4 13 2 32 3 32 4 22 2 38 3 38 4 28 2 48 3 47 4 37 3 00 4 00 4 49 f. 3 10 4 09 4 58 3 20 4 18 5 07 3 30 4 27 5 16 3 38 4 34 5 22 3 45 4 40 5 28 3 57 4 51 5 39 4'11 5 05 5 51 4 14 5 07 5 53 4 27 5 20 6 05 4 37 5 29 6 14 4 46 5 38 6 23 4 57 5 48 6 33 5 05 5 56 6 39 5 20 6 09 6 52 5 33 6 22 7 05 5 47 6 36 7 18 5 54 6 43 7 25 6 00 6 49 7 30 6 13 7 02 7 43 6 21 7 10 7 50 6 31 7 19 7 58 i 6 35 7 23 8 02 6 39 7 27 8 05 7 15 8 00 8 35 7 30 8 13 8 45 7 45 8 28 9 00 7 50 8 33 9 05 7 58 8 40 9 11 8 05 8 47 9 17 8 14 8 56 9 26 8 21 9 03 9 32 8 27 9 08 9 37 8 32 9 12 9 41: [COKTISURD ON PAOR 4,] < 5 ) IIWE TABLE PENNSYLYAMIA CENTRAL RAILROAD. Tnjins goiag East leave Stations as follows: Express LEAVES P. M. PITTSBURG. 4 GO Outer Station. 4 10 East Liberty.,. 4 U Wilkinsburg,.. 4 22 Brinton'.s. ...„. 432 Turtle Creek.. 4 35 Walls ^.„. 4 38 Stewart's 4 43 Irwin's — 4 53 Manor 4 57 Penn Station.. 5 OO Eadeba-ugh's... 5 08 Greensburg.... 5 14 George's 5 21. Beatty's... 5 30 Latiobe 5 3Y Derry 5 47 Hiilsid-e 5 55 Blairsville Br.. 6 OS Bolivar 6 13 Lockport 6 16 New Florence. 6 25 Nineveh 6 33 Slackwater S.. 6 41 Cambria Sid'g 6 50 Johns'town 6 55 Gonemaugh .... t OQ Cross'g Swit'h 7 02 Mineral Point. 7 11 S. Fork 7 17 SummerhUL... 7 22 Wihnore 7 30 Portage 7 38 Lillys 7 -.^9 Cresson 7 58 Gallitzia 8 07 mtUnn'ms Pt. 8 26 Fast Mail Express Fast p. M. A. M. p. M. A. M. S 45 § 00 AitGona., ^ 8 40 i 15 8 55 3 10 Bells' Mills.... 9 14 1 30 9 02 3 17 Fostoria 9 18 I 15 9 06 3 22 Tipton ^^ 9 23 1 34 9 15 .3 32 Tyrone....^... -. 9 33 1 42 9 17 3 85 BirmiBgham... 9 41 1 49 9 20 3 38 Spajoe Gr«ek> 9 54 2 02 9 25 3 43 B*iee.. S 59 2 07 B 35 3 53 Petersburg.,.., 10 06 2 13 9 39 3 57 Huntingdon .., le 21 2 27 B 42 4 00 MillCreek 10 31 2 38 9 49 4 08 Mount Ufliott. 1© 45 2 50 9 54 4 14 N. Hamilton... 10 52 2 56 10 01 4 21 ManayunkSid. 11 04 3 06 1« 10 4 30 M"Veyto«7n..„ 11 13 3 15 10 15 4 37 Anderson's S.. 11 22 3 24 I'O 25 4 4t End Double T. il 37 3 36 10 32 4 55 Lewistown 11 4G 3 39 10 40 5 e2 • "Narrows,".-,. 11 51 3 49 10 49 5 12 A. M. 10 52 11 00 5 15 5 24 Mifflin 12 05 4 01 Perry sville,..,. 12 11 4 06 11 08 5 33 Tuscarora 12 18 4 13 11 1^ 5 41 Thonapsont'n^. 12 28 4-22 11 25 5 50 Miilerstown.... 12 38 4 31 11 30 5 55 Newport 12 49 4 43 11 35 € 00 Baiiv's 12 53 4 52 11 37 6 02 11 46 6 11 Aqueduct Sid. 1^-8 5 02 11 51 6 17 Duacannon .... • 1 14 .S 09 11 5^6 6 22 Cov« ,, 1 22 5 17 12 03 6 30 N. C. Crossing 1 27 5 22 12 09 6 38 Sid.W.ofb'dge 13vQ 5 25 12 19 6 49 Roekville S'ch 1 35 5 30 12 27 6 58 Harrisburg 1 45 5 45 12 35 7 07 Hlghspire 2 15 5 58 12 55 7 26 Midd'letowa.... 2 25 6 05 ^CONTINUE PA«E 5.] ( e } PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL RAILROAD, (coNTiNUin>.) Trains going West le^ve Stations as follows : Mineral Point Cross'gSwitcb Concjaaugh ... dottttsioxvn .... Cambria Sid'g Slafck-v»at8r S. Ninevela New Florence. Lockport Bolivar BlairsTJlle Br. Hillside Derry Latrobe Beatty^s.... Bait. Kxp. A. .*«. 8 38 8 46 3 51 8 57 9 02 9 11 9 19 9 28 9 38 9 41 9 52 10 00 10 07 10 19 10 2>| Phila. Exp. A. M. 9 251 30| 36 9 9 9 4l| & 4d\ 9 57i 10 OSj 10 16 10 19' 10 25 10 37 10 45 10 56 11 92 Fast Line. P. M. 9 46 9 53 9 58 10 04 10 09 10 17 10 25 1033 10 42 10 45 10 55 11 02 11 09 11 20 n 25 Mail. P.M. 8 4-2 8 50 8 55 9 01 9 06 9 15 9 25 9 35 9 45 ©.49 10 00 10 09 10 18 10 31 10 37 George's.. Greeasburg ... Radebaugh's. Penn Station. Manor. Irwin's.....^..... Stewart's Walls , Turtle Creek. Brinton's Wilkinsburg.. [East Liberty.. [Outer Station IPITTSBURG. Ealt. Exp. A.M. Phila. Exp. A.M. East Line. P.M. 110 3.4 11 ill 11 34 j20 42 11 18 11 42 10 47 11 23 11 47 10 55 11 30 11 54 10 58 11 33 11 58 11 04 11 38 12 02 11 14 11 47 12 13 11 19 11 52 12 IS 11 22 11 55 12 21 11 25 11 5* 12 24 11 36 12 07 12 35 11 41 12 12 12 40 11 50 12 20 12 50 12 00 12 30 1 00 Mail, P.M. 10 47: 10 5r 11 03 11 13 11 r» 11 25 11 37 11 43 11 47 U 50> 12 03 12 0& 12 20. 12 30 Aecommodation Trains Pennsylvania Rail Road. PHILADEI^PIiTA DIVISION. PARKESBURG ACCOMMODATION Leaves West Philadelphia at 5:50 ?. M., arriying at Parkesburg 8:10 P. SI. Leaves Parkesburg at 7:00 A. M., arriying ut Philadelphia 9^46 A. M.. LANCASTER TRAIN Leaves Philadelphia at 4:00 P. M., arrh-ing at Columbia at 8:20 P. M. Leaves Columbia at 8:15 A. M., arrives at Philadelphia 12:50 P. iL HARRISBURG ACCOMMODATION Leaves Philadelphia at 2:30 P. M., a^rifes at Earrisfeurg 8:00 P. M. Leaves Harrisburg 4:00 P. M., arrives at Philadelphia 9.55 P. M. MOUNT JOY ACCOMMODATION Leaves Lancaster at 11:05 A. M. and 7:50 P. M.^ arrives at Harrisburg 12:55 P. M and 4:40 P. M. Leaves Harrisburg 7:00 A. M. and 4s 10 P. ]tf>^ arrives at Laneast©? ft:4ft A. M. and 5:48 P. M. WEST CHESTER TRAINS Leave Philadelphia at 8:45 A. M., 12:30 and 4:00 P. M. Arrive at West Chester 10:30 A. M., 2:30 and 6:00 P. M. Returning, leave West Chester at 6:20 and 10:50 A. M. aad 3:45 P. M.^ arrive at Philadelphia 8:25 A. M , 12:50 and 5:25 P. M. (COSTINUED ON PAGS 5-.). ( 7 ) PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL RAILROAD, (continued.) Trains going^ East leave Stations as follows: Express Fast Mail Express Fast Mall A. M. A. M. p. M. A. M. A. M. p. M. Branch Inter... 2 28 6 08 1 23 Parkesburg.... 4 28 8 20 3 20 Conewago Sid 2 38 6 18 1 33 Chandler's 4 32 8 23 3 23 Elizabeth town 2 42 6 28 1 43 Coatesville 4 39 8 30 3 31 Kuhnz's Sidi'g 2 58 6 36 1 51 Gallagherville 4 51 8 40 3 42 Mount Joy 3 04 6 44 1 58 Downingtown. 4 56 8 45 3 47 Landisville 3 13 6 53 2 08 Oakland 5 06 8 55 3 56 Dillerville 3 27 7 07 2 21 Steamboat 6 13 9 02 4 03 Lancaster* 3 30 7 25 2 25 W'stch'st'r Int 5 22 9 09 4 12 Bird-in-Hand . 3 46 7 40 2 40 Paoli 5 26 9 12 4 16 Gordonville ... 3 54 3 58 7 47 7 52 2 47 2 51 Rifih^k 5 36 5 45 9 22 9 28 4 26 Leaman Place. MoMmsCor... 4 33 Kinzer's 4 05 4 12 7 58 8 04 2 58 3 04 White Hall.... City Avenue... 5 50 6 00 9 33 9 45 4 40 Gap 4 50 Christiana 4 18 8 10 3 09 W. Philadel'ia 6 10 9 55 5 00 Penningtoiiv'e 4 21 8 14 3 13 PHILAD'A.... 6 20 10 05 5 10 Accommodation Trains Pennsylvania Railroad, (continued.) WESTERN ACCOMMODATION TRAIN AND FAST "EMIGRANT LINE," Leaves the Depot, No. 137 Dock Street, Philadelphia, every afternoon (except Sunday) at 5 o'clock. This line affords accommodation to Enaigrants and Families moving West, who seek a cheap and comfortable, and at the same time '■'■expeditious'^ pass^ age for themselves and household goods. Through Tickets are sold to all prominent places in the West, South- West and North-West, at about half first class fare. FRANCIS FUNK, Agent. WESTERN DIVISION. JOHNSTOWN ACCOMMODATION Leaves Pittsburgh at 2:55 P. M,, arrives at Johnstovrn, 7:18 P. M, Leaves Johnstovi'n, 6:05 A. M., arrives at Pittsburgh, 10,15 A. M. FIRST TRAIN TO WALL'S STATION Leaves Pittsburgh at 6:40 A. M., arrives at Wall's, 7:39 A. M. Leaves Wall'p, 5:40, arrives at Pittsburgh, 6:40 A. M. SECOND TRAIN TO WALL'S STATION Leaves Pittsburgh at 11:40 A. M., arrives at Wall's, 12:46 P. M, Leaves Wall's 7:40 A. M., arrives at Pittsburgh, 8:45 A. M. THIRD TRAIN TO WALL'S STATION Leaves Pittsburgh at 4:20 P. M., arrives at Wall's, 4:50 P. M. Leaves W^all's 12:50 P. M., arrives Pittsburgh, 2:00 P. M. FOURTH TRAIN TO WALL'S STATION Leaves Pittsburgh at 6:20 P. M., arrives at Wall's, 7,10 P. M. Leaves Wall's, 5:15 P. M., arrives at Pittsburgh at 6:00 P. M. C 8 ) A FEW LAW AND OTHER POINTS APPLYING TO RAILROAD TRAVEL. The law that governs the relation of Railroad Companies to the public as common carriers, is so imperfectly understood, that honest meaning men are often led into litigation, who have not had the least ground on which to sus- tain an honest claim, for damages caused by the company or its agents. Some leading points are therefore given, as proper in a publication of this character. .^^.^ RIGHTS OF THE RAILROAD COMPANY. The right to make and enforce rules for its own protection, among which the regulations as to the conduct of passengers; such rules must not conflict with common law or special enactments. A company cannot be held for damages resulting from passengers standing upon the platforms, or the putting of any portion of the body out of the win- dows ; such conduct being against the rules of all Railroad Companies. A "company cannot be held for any accident resulting from an attempt to get on or off a car while in motion. If, however, passengers should leap from a car under the influence of a well founded fear of collision, the Company is liable ; but again, if a passenger, being carried past the station where he desired to stop jumps off without waiting for the train to stop; he does so at his own risk, the company not being liable for his imprudence, for " If a pas- senger is negligently carried beyond the station where he intended to stop, and bad a right to be let off, he can recover compensation for the inconveni- ence, because these are direct consequences of the wrong done him." A Company cannot be held for any accident to a passenger riding upon the baggage car, locomotive, or tender, even at the invitation of a person, (except the conductor) engaged in running the train, such passenger not being in his pioper place. An individual riding free upon an engine, baggage car, freight or passenger train, by invitation of any of the persons working the train, ex- cept the conductor,- cannot recover from the Company for injuries he may sustain; train hands having no right to permit any one to ride on any part of the train, either free or for pay. If a company chooses to carry passengers for a specified time at a reduced rate, as during excursions, the tickets being good only for a certain number of days, or until a certain time; passengers are required to conform to that time, and tickets presented afterwards can be lawfully refused, as the con- tract has not been conformed to on the part of the passanger. Such excur- sion tickets are not legally transferable to any other person. WHEN RAILROAD COMPANIES ARE LIABLE FOR LOSS OF LIFE OR INJURY TO PERSON. 1st. If caused by a collision with any train, or any obstacle placed upon the road by the Company's agents, or left there by their negligence. If, however, a collision occurred from a vehicle crossing the road, the engineer having given fair warning at the distance regulated by law and custom, ac- tion for damages will not hold, nor can recovery be had where the accident. ( 9 ) is caused by cattle straying upon the road, or from obstructions placed upon the track by malicious persons. 2d. If death or injury is caused by the breaking of a bridge, and it is in proof and clearly established that the timbers of the bridge have been tam- pered with, or removed by malicious persons, the Company is not liable. 3d. Where death or injury have resulted from a car running off the track, but negligence of the agents of the Company having charge of the track must be proved. 4tk. If death or injury is caused by the breaking of a car axle. 5th. If death or injury is caused by the explosion' of a locomotive. 6th. A Company is liable for death or injury under any circumstances where it has resulted from the negligence of the Company or its employees ; but such negligence must be clearly proven. LIABILITY FOR INJURY TO PERSONAL PROPERTY. No damages can be claimed from a Company for destruction of cattle upon its track, where the charter of the Company or special enactments do not bind it to fence its track. The track is the exclusive property of the Com- pany, and cattle found thereon may be taken up as estrays. All the baggage entrusted to the Company's agents must, if lost, be paid for by the Company ; but it is incumbent upon the passenger to. use all due diligence in getting and retaining proper proofs of its delivery ; and where a Company gives checks for the baggage entrusted to its agents, the passenger must attend to getting his baggage checked and retain the duplicate checks. If he lose the duplicate check, and it is found and presented by another party, who gets the baggage, an action will not lie against the Company /or the wrong delivery. A reasonable time must, however, be given to the Company to make search for such lost baggage. The owner of the baggage is a com- petent witness to prove its contents. It is against the rules of all Companies to take baggage into passenger cars although it is done constantly by sufferance. Such baggage is at the risk of its owner. Companies are not liable for valuable trunks of jewelry, money, or mer- chandise, unless special terms are made by the owner with the Company, or its agent ; the liabilities of Companies for losi baggage being simplj^ for such wearing apparel, books, and other articles as are necessary for the journey. Railroad Companies are not obliged to make any exertion to recover any article of baggage, taken into a passenger car, nor liable for it if lost or sto- len, such action of a traveler being contrary to the rules of all Railroads. A Company is liable for damage to baggage resulting from careless hand- ling, on the plea of gross negligence on the part of the Company's servants. • RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THOSE WORKING A TRAIN. A conductor of a train has absolute control over it, and is the superior officer of all engaged in working the train. ( 10 ) A conductor has a right to demand a sight of his ticket from any passenger as often as he chooses to ask it. A Conductor has the right to put any passenger off a train for drunkenness , obscenity, or acting in any disorderly manner, whether such individual has paid his fare or not. A Conductor has a right to put off a train any individual who trespasses any rule laid down for the safety of the passengers, or the protection of the Company, such as standing upon the platform, inteifering with the bell ropes or car brakes, etc. Where passengers are put off cars for violation of rules, or for other causes, justifiable in law and railroad usage, care must be taken that the cars have stopped, otherwise a Company is liable, if damages result to the person ejected, from the motion of the cars. A Company has also a right to discriminate between those who pay their passage on the cars, or purchase tickets at the Company's office, and a con- ductor may eject from the cars any individual who, in paying his passage on the cars, resists the payment of such additional charge per mile, as a Company may have seen proper to impose in such cases. A Conductor has the right of placing passengers for different points, in such cars as will most facilitate his collection of fares and tickets. A Conductor has no right to deprive a man of a seat which he has taken, and it is presumed paid for, not even for the accommodation of a lady. A Conductor has no right to take a passenger whom he cannot furnish with a seat, tnless the passenger, having been informed of the fact, is willing to take his chance. The duty of the brakeman is to attend to the brake, and he should not be importuned with questions. The place of duty of the baggage master is the baggage car. He has no right to give out a piece of checked baggage unless the duplicate check is presented, even if he knows that such baggage is the property of the person applying for it. He must handle all baggage with ordinary care, or the Com- pany is liable for damages for carelessness. TICKETS. Always purchase tickets at the office before entering the car. You will save trouble and the additional fare charged on most roads. It has been decided that where a ticket is sold, good for a specified time, at a rate lower than that charged for those permanently good, the reduction in fare is a valid legal consideration, and the ticket cannot be used after the time expires. A case was decided by Judge R. P. Marion, of the 8th District, Cattaraugus Circuit, New York, in which the ticket was "Good for three days," and "for a continuous trip only," in which the party got off— waited for another train, seven days after, was charged fare, refused to pay and was ejected. Action for assault and battery was non-suited, because of special terras of contract. Passengers who lose or mislay their tickets, can be made to pay a second time — decided in a case before Judge Foote. Children between four and twelve years, are usually charged half price. ( n ) Feiiiisylvaiiia Rail Road Company. J. EDGAR THOMSON, THOS. A. SCOTT, EDMUND SMITH, THOS. T. FIRTH, HERMAN J. LOMBAERT, ENOCH LEWIS, GEO. C. FRANCISCUS, SAM. D. YOUNG, ROBT. PITCAIRNS, ANDREW CARNEGIE, WM. H. WILSON, LEWIS L. HOUPT, H. H. HOUSTON, ti u President, Philadelphia, Vice President^ " Secretary, ^' Treasurer, Controller & Aud'r, Gen'l Sup^t, Altoona. Sijp't Phil. Div., Philadelphia. " East. " Harrisburg, " Middle " Altoona. " West. " Pittsburgh. Chief Engineer, Altoona* Grenl Ticket Agt. PMladelphia, Genl Freight Agt. « ( 12 ) THE PEMSYLVANIA CENTRAL R. R. This road having its eastern terminus at Philadelphia, is justly to be considered one of, and perhaps the best road in the United States. From Philadelphia to Pittsburgh the road runs a distance of 356 miles, of which 291 miles are double track. The entire road is con- structed in the most admirable manner, and the firmness of its bed, the solidity and evenness of its track, do not fail to call forth the en- comiunjs of travelers; so forcibly does the smooth and comparatively quiet running of its cars, contrast with the wearying tormenting mo- tion of cars on so many of our American roads. The care and skill with which its trains are run, is evidenced by the fact, that out of 3,000,000 passengers carried during the last three years, none have lost their lives from accidents, the result of negligence of the Compa- or its agents. The first survey for a railroad was made in 1838. In 1841 the Board of Canal Commissioners appointed an engineer to make a full survey for a railway from Harrisburg to Pittsburgh. In 1845 the first meeting of the citizens of Philadelphia was held, in relation to building the road. In 1846 a law was obtained to incorporate the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. A town meeting of the citizens of Philadelphia was called as soon as the Act was passed, and a commit- tee appointed to prepare an address to the citizens, urging the mea- sure. The address met with a warm response; private and corporate subscriptions were soon obtained, and there was no longer any doubt of the success of the road left. The process of constructing the road; was commenced under S. V. Merrick, President, Geo. V. 'Bacon, Treasurer, and J. Edgar Thomson, Chief Eogineer, and pushed for- ward with great vigor and genius, to the present day; giving to the public a road unsurpassed in this country, and which, when its double track is completed its entire distance^ will be without doubt the finest railway in the world. ( ly ) The cost of the road, including the main line of pu) L^ wotlks, is about $30,000,000; but enormous as the sum may seem n is estimat- ed that when its double track is completed, that the ^<)n^age of the road can be increased, if necessary, to one million tor.is per annum, in- dependent of the passenger business, and the income at low rates lo $5,000,000. Upon the gigantic proportions, which the business of this road must in the future assume, we have no space to theorize, and proceed to make such mention of its various Stations, as is necessary. Philadelphia. New York trains leave at 1.30, 6.00, 8,00 and 11.00, A. M., and 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, 6.15, 11.15, P. M. For Accommodation Trains of Penna. Central Rail Road, see pages 4 and 5. For Regular Trains of Pennsylvania Central Rail Road, see pages 2 and 3. The City of Philadelphia, the Eastern terminus of the Pennsylvania Rail- road, is second in importance to no city in the United States. The entire length of the city, as now consolidated, is twe.ity-three miles, and the aver- age breadth five miles. The densely inhabited portion of this area is about four miles on the Delaware and two and a half miles on the Schuylkill, hav- ing a breadth between the two rivers of 12.098'feet. The population is esti- mated at over 600,000, and the number of dwellings, shops and manufacto- ries are estimated at 100,000. There are Y.400 stores, 299 churches, 304 public school houses, 18 banks, 11 market houses, 8 medical schools, 7 gas works, 5 water works, 15 public halls, 350 miles cobble pavements, 500 miles of foot pavements, 5,631 gas and fluid lamps, 9 public squares, 14 cemeteries, 9 railroad depots, and 90 fire engine houses. Any mention, however brief, of all the branches of the vast and multiform business transacted in so large a city, is, of course, not to be attempted in a publication of such limited space as this. A brief digest of the facts in rela- tion to the more leading pursuits of her business population is all that can be attempted. Reaching by railroad and canal vast and inexhaustible fields of anthracite coal, within easy distance, Philadelphia is the chief seat of the anthracite coal trade, and her receipts ot the mineral are about 3,500,000 tons annually. The wharves of the Reading Railroad, one of the principal places of the ship- ment of coal, are in themselves a curiosity worthy of the notice of strangers. For locomotives Philadelphia is justly renowned, and those manufactured there are to be seen on every railroad in the United States. One of the largest of the establishments for the manufacture of locomotives, when fully occu- pied, employs 1,400 hands, and has turned out three complete locomotives in a week. In the making of iron Philadelphia is a prominent point, and there is a large amount of capital employed in the various establishinpnts within (14 ) Ibe limits of ihe city. Among other establishments working iu iron tbt^re are 10 rolling mills, employing 700 hands, producing 17,070 tons of rolled iron annually. There are 5 foundries devoted to the manufacture of stoves, producing about 25,000 tons yearly; 3 ioundries occupied with casting hoi* low ware; 6 foundries occupied in casting iron fronts for buildings. There are also a large number of extensive establishments engaged in the manufac- ture of the various descriptions of machinery, also several manufacturing gas and water works aparatus. Hardware, such as saws, shovels, forks, locks, bolts, edged tools and cutlery are also largely produced. It is estimated that the entire iron manufacture of Philadelphia^ embracing the rolling mills, foundries, locomotive works, machine shops, railroad car factories, and all the smaller branches, give employment to over 10.000 hands, and annually produce articles to the value of $12,852, 150. As a manufac- turing point for textile fabrics, Philadelphia is very conspicuous, there being in the city and immediate vicinity 9,569 power looms, and 282,297 spindles running on cotton, wool and silk, employing 13,557 hands, and producing goods to the value of $17,140,050. The entire value of the branches of pro- ductive or manufacturing industry are summed up in *' Philadelphia and her Manufactures" at $132,348,488. As a dry goods market, some idea of its extent may be formed by the fig- ures given in the report of the Philadelphia Board of Trade for 1860, which estimates that $73,500,000 of dry goods are annually distributed from that city to other markets, and the number of jobbing houses set down at 259. Hestonvillc, Philadelphia 4 miles; Pittsburgh 352 miles. Flag iStation. Only Accommodatioa Trains stop. A small village formed by the residences of persons doing business in Philadelphia, It contains about 300 inhabitants. City Avenue, Philadelphia 6 miles; Pittsburgh 350 miles. Flag Station for Accommodation Trains only. Merion. Philadelphia 7 miles; Pittsburgh 3-49 miles. Flag Station for Accommodation Trains only. This station is situated in Merion township, Montgomery county. This dis- trict of Pennsylvania was settled by the Welsh, among whom were a large number of Friends. One of the early meeting houses of this denomination, erected in 1698, and still in use, is near this station. Libertyville, Phila. 8 miles; Pittsburgh 348 miles. Flag station for Accommodaton Trains only Athensville, Philadelphia 9 miles; Pittsburgh ^47 miles. Flag station. Only Accommodation Trains stop. A small v^lage in Montgomery county. 200 population. (15) Haverford, Philadelphia, 10 miles; Pittsburgh, 346 miles. Flag station for Mail and Accommodation Trains only. This station is in Delaware county, and this part of the county is noted as the birth district of the celebrated artist West, White Hall, Philadelphia, 11 miles; Pittsburgh, 345 miles. Flag station. Only Accommodation Trains stop. West Haverford, Philad., 11^ miles; Pittsburgh, 344 J miles. Flag station. Mail ^nd Accommodation Trains only stop. Villa Nova, Philadelphia, 12 miles; Pittsburgh, 344 miles. Accommodation Trains only stop. A Roman Catholic College is situated here. Morgan's Corner? Philad., 14 miles; Pittsburgh, 342 miles Mail and Accommodation Trains stop regularly. Eagle, Philadelphia, 17 miles , Pittsburgh, 339 miles. Mail on time, going West, stops. This station is in Delaware county. One and a-half miles south of this station is an ancient Welsh church, erected in 171 7. In the burial ground attached are interred the remains of Gen. Anthony Wayne. Almira, Philadelphia, 18 miles; Pittsburgh, 338 miles. Flag station for Accommodation Trains only. Reeseville, Philadelphia, 19 miles; Pittsburgh, 337 miles. Flag station for Accommodation Trains only. Paoli, Philadelphia, 21 miles; Pittsburgh, 335 miles. Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop. Abo.ut two miles south of this station is the locality of the action between the British and American troops, on the night of September 20th, 177Y, com- monly known as the Paoli massacre. The Americans, numbering 1,500, under the command of Gen. Wayne, were surprised by a large force of British, un- der Gen. Gray. After a short struggle, the Americans, overwhelmed by su- perior numbers, retreated. One hundred and fifty Americans were killed and wounded ; many were massacred, after all resistance had ceased. The neigh- borhood of this station is replete with memorials of the revolution. A few miles to the right is Valley Forge, which, although not strictly on the line of ihe railroad, is near enough to class as one of the historical interests of the route. Green Tree, Philadelphia, 22 miles; Pittsburgh, 334 miles- Flag station. Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop. Gen. Anthony Wayne, in his lifetime, resided in this vicinity. Born in Eftston township, Montgon:ery county, Jan. 1, 1745, he entered the army ia 1775 as colonel of a corps of volunteers. At the peace of 1783, he returned (16) to private life. In 1789 he was a member of the Pennsjlvania ConventioiL In 1792 he succeeded Gens. Harmar and St. Clair in the command of the North-Western frontier. His life of peril and of glory ended in 1796, at Presque Isle, by his death in a cabin of that outpost. His remains were in- terred, by his own request, at the foot of the flag-staff of the fort, from whence they were removed, in 1809, by his son, Col. Isaac "Wayne, and re- nterred in Radnor churchyard, as previously mentioned. West Chester, Intersection. Philad. 23 miles; Pitts. 333 miles. Mail, on time, going West stops; East, stops. Junction of a branch to West Chester, ^ miles distant, the county seat of Chester county. A large, handsome village, containing many fine residences. For hours of trains, see page 4. Garrett's Siding, Pliilad., 25 miles j Pittsburgh, 331 miles. Flag station for Accommodation Trains only. A fine view of the noted Chester Valley is obtained after leaving this station. Steamboat, Pbiladelphia, 26 miles; Pittsburgh, 330 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops. This station derives its name from an old hotel in the vicinity, whose sign was a painting of a steamboat. Walkertown, Philadelphia, 29 miles; Pittsburgh, 327 miles. Flag Station for Accommodation Trains only. Oakland, Philadelphia, 30 miles; Pittsburgh, 326 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops. This station is on the south side of Chester Valley. Between this and the next station the road crosses one of tne highest and largest bridges on the route. It is composed of four spans, of 130 feet each. It was erected in 1838, and has since been rebuilt in a very substantial manner. DowningtOWn, Philadelphia, 34 miles; Pittsburgh, 322 miles. All trains stop here 4 minutes for wood and water. At Downingtown a newly constructed Branch — the "East Brandy- wine and Waynesburg Road,^' extends along the margin of Brandy- wine Creek, through a fertile and beautiful valley, a distance of 18 miles. Waynesburg Branch. Distance 18 miles. Leave Downington 9:00. A. M. and 6:00 P. M. Arrive at Waj'nesburg 10:30 A. M. anc^ 7:00 P. M. Returning leave Waynesburg 6:30 A. 31. 2:00 P. M. Arrive at Downington 7:30 A. M. 3:30 P. M., Philad'a 9:40 A. M. 5:20 P. M. This little branch is just beginning to pour its ample store of agricultural wenlth into the main channel of the Pennsylvania road, and promises to be an important means of improvement to the section of country through which it passes. ( 17 ) From this point the Chester Valley road diverges, traversing the valley of that name, and extending twenty-ode miles in almost a straight line to Bridgeport, on the Schuylkill, IG miles froraPhiladelphia, where it connects with the Philadelphia and Norristown and Norristown and Reading roads. Downingtown is a quiet country village, originally settled by emigrants from Birmingham, England. - At this point the road crosses the north branch of the Brandywine, on tie bank3 of which, at Chadd's ford, fifteen miles below this station, was fought the battle of Brandywine, between the English and American forces, on the llth of Sept., 1777; Lord Cornwallis command- ing the British, and Washington the Americans. Gallagherville, Philad., 35 miles; Pittsburgh, 321 miles. Flag Station for Accommodation Trains only. Cain, Philadelphia, 38 miles; Pittsburgh, 318 miles. Flag Station; Only Accommodation Trains stop. CoateSVille, Philadelphia, 39 miles; Pittsburgh, 317 miles. Flag station. Mail and Accommodation Trains stop. Settled in 1725, by Lindsay Coats; population now, 600. The town is laid out on the banks of the west branch of the Brandywine, across which the road passes, over a bridge 75 feet high and 850 long. Midway, Philadelphia, 40 miles; Pittsburgh, 316 miles. Flag station. Accommodation Trains stop. Station derives its name from being the old midway point between Phila- delphia and Columbia. CliaildlerS, Philadelphia, 44 miles; Pittsburgh, 312 miles. A Flag station. Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop. Parkesburg, Philadelphia, 45 miles; Pittsburgh, 311 miles. Parkesburg Accommodation Train leaves for Philadelphia at G.20 A. M. ; arrives there 9.10, A. M. A village of about 500 inhabitants. The settlement was commenced about the year 1832. The repair shops for the Philadelphia division of the road are located here. Penningtonville, Philad'a, 49 miles; Pittsburgh, 307 miles. Flag station. Mail and Accommodation Trains stop when signaled, or when passengers desire to get off. This is the last station in Chester county. The village is situated on Octo- rara creek. Population, 400. Gliristiaiia, Philadelphia, 50 miles; Pittsburgh, 306 miles. Flag station. Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop. The village contains about 300 population, and is situated at the head of Chester Valley, just over Chester county line, in Lancaster county. The ( 18 ) town is somewhat noted as the scene of a riot in 1851, occasioned bj the at'* tempt of some Marylanders to arrest some runaway slaves. Lancaster county, into which the traveler west enters at Christiana station, is one of the most noted of the interior counties of Pennsylvania. As the birth-place of Robert Fulton, it will hardly fail to awaken an intesest in the traveler who journeys over its surface by aid of the power which his genius made practically useful. As the residence of James Buchanan, ex-President of the UnKed'States, it possesses a political interest. John C. Calhoun came near being born in its borders, his parents, who were Scotch-Irish, having re- moved from this county to South Carolina a veri/ short time before his birth. Gap. Philadelphia, 52 miles; Pittsburgh, 304 miles. Flag Station ; Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop. So called from its locality at the mouth of a gap through the Mine Ridge. KinzerS, Philadelphia 55 miles; Pittsburgh, 301 miles. Flag Station; Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop Leaman Place, Philadelphia,. 59 miles; Pittsburgh, 297 miles. All trains stop 4 minutes for wood and water. Junction of a branch railway to Strasburg, an early German settlement, 3 miles distant, containing about 1000 inhabitants. Pequa creek, whose main channel is crossed by the road west of this depot, was a favorite locality of the Shawnee Indians, who had a village called by the same name at its mouth. These Shawnees were the remnants of a tribe who migrated from South Carolina about the latter part of IGOO — Conygham says 1678; Bancroft, 1698. The early part of the century, 1600—1700, the interior of Pennsylvania was a desolate wilderness, as may be judged from the fact that in 1702, the number of Kdian fighting men in Pennsylvania be- ing computed, there were only 700, one- half of whom were the Shawnees, already mentioned as migrating from South Carolina, 1678 — 1698. During 1600 — 1700 the lower valley of the Susquehanna was a vast unpopulatad highway, through which the various tribes of the northern and southern lati- tudes were frequently passing, in hunting or predatory excursions, and in which desperate battles were fought by the various tribes. That it was a "dark and bloody ground" is evident, from the fact that nearly a century after the migration of the southern tribe, the chief of the Cayugas, in 1755, told the Moravians, who had settled at Wyalusing, that it was not a fit place, all that country having been stained with blood. GordonvillG, Philadelphia, 60 miles; Pittsburgh, 296 miles. Flag Station. Accommodation Trains only stop. The station is sometimes called Concord; it has a population of 200, and is a grain depot for the surrounding country. Bird-in-Hand, Philadelphia, 63 miles; Pittsburgh, 293 miles. Mail, on time, going >Yest, stops; East, stops. The true name of the town is Enterprise. The origin of its railroad name obscure. After leaving Bird-in-Hand, Mill Creek, a branch of the Cones- C 19 ) toga, is crossed by the road.* One mile east of Lancaster the road passes over Conestoga Creek. Lancaster, Philadelphia, 70 miles; Pittsburgh, 286 miles. All trains stop at this station. Lancaster Accommodation, which leaves Philadelphia at 4:00,P. M., arrives here at 7:44, P. M. Same train leaves Lancaster 9:00, A. M.; arrives at Philadelphia 12:50. The fourth city of the state of Pennsylvania. Laid out in 1700, by An- drew Hamilton, it was in June, 1797, incorporated as a Borough, and as a city, in 1818. From 1799 to 1812, the town was the seat of government of the state. Many incidents of interest are connec'ed with the history of this lo- cality. In 1777, while Philadelphia was held by the British, Congress, for a short time, assembled here. In 1763, occurred in the town, the massacre of the Conestoga Indians, by the " Pazton Boys." On the night of Dec. 14, of that year, a number of armed men, on horsebacli, made a descent upon the Indian village, most of the men were absent. Those remaining, and the women and children were butchered, and the village burnt. The authori- ties hastily collected the scattered remnants of the tribe, into a stone work- house, in the town of Lancaster ; but on Sunday, the 27th, while the inhabi- tants were at church, the Paxton Boys rode into town, forced the doors of the work-house, and murdered the fourteen Indians therein contained. The pre- text for the massacre was that the feeble remnant of the Conestogas, were said to be harboring two or three hostile Indians. The affair created, in its day, great excitement. The Paxton Boys threatened to visit Philadelphia, and destroy some Moravian Indians, whchad fled to that city for shelter. — The people of the city were much alarmed, and several companies were form- ed to repel the attack. The " Paxton Boys " learning, upon their approach to the Schuylkill, the reception prepared for them, retreated to their homes. The Paxton Boys were from the Townships of Donegal and Paxton, lagely settled by Scotch-Irish. The present city of Lancaster is substantially built. The streets are laid off at right angles, and lighted with gas. It contains a population of about 17,000. There are 18 churches in the city. Its court house, costing $100,- 000, is a fine building. The new Penitentiar}', seen on the left, going west, is a well arranged structure, costing $110,000. Quite a number of industrial works are established here, and ten McAdamized roads radiate to different sections of the country. Dillerville, Philadelphia, 71 miles; Pittsburgh, 285 miles. Flag station. Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop. Here the branch road takes oiF to Columbia and to Middle- town, connecting at Columbia with trains to Little York and Baltimore. This branch road strikes the Susquehanna near Columbia, and follows it by easy grades to Middletown, where it again joins the main line, This route is used for the heavy freight trains from and to the West. Two Pas- senger Trains run each way. ■ ( 20 ) Landisville, Philadelphia, 78 miles; Pittsburgh, 218 miles. Mail, on time, goiDg AVest, stops; East, stops. Beyond this stfition the road crosses the little Conestoga, and approaches the Conewago Hills. Tnig station is on the ridge dividing the valleys of the Little Conestoga and Big Chiqucsalunga creek. West of the station a bridge 300 feet long, is crossed over which the road passes Big Chiquesalunga creek, soon after we arrive at Little Chiquesalunga Mount Joy, Philadelphia, 82 miles ; Pittsburgh. 274 miles. All trains stop at this station. The town was settled in 1812, by emigrants from Ireland, by whom it was named after Mount Joy, in the North of Ireland. The town was incorpora- ted as a borough in 1831. A cave in the neighborhood, is said to be an in- teresting and curious object to visit. The borough contains a population of 1800, and has five churches. Several manufactories give life and bustle to the town. Richland, a small village, properly a portion of Mount Joy ElizabethtOWn, Philadelphia, 89 miles; Pittsburgh, 267 miles. All trains stop at this station. Before reaching this point, the road passes through a tunnel, 900 feet long, 15 feet wide, and 15 feet high. It cost $100,000. From the vicinity of Eliz- abethtown, westward, the road traverses the Conwago Hills, and crosses the Conewago creek, by a bridge 450 feet long, and 85 feet high. After crossing the Canewago, the road enters Dauphin County, which was separated fvom Lancaster County, in 1785. Dauphin County has a length of 33 miles, a breadth of 16 miles, and an area of 533 square miles. The mountain regions abound in anthracite coal. Lindley Murray, the celebrated author of '1 the English Grammar," and William Darby, the eminent geographer, are among the noted men who claim birth-right in the county. MiddletOWn, Philadelphia, 97 miles; Pitttsburgh, 259 miles. All trains stop at this station. Located at the mouth of Swatara Creek, on the Susquehanna River. The town derives its name from having been, in Turnpike days, half way between Carlisle and Lancaster. It was laid out in 1755, by Geo. Fisher. The pop- ulation of the town is now about 3000. Middletown is an important lumber depot. A large business in coal, is also transacted here. There are two iron furnaces, a foundery, and several flouring and saw mills in the town Highspire, 'Philadelphia, 101 miles; Pittsburgh, 255 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops; East, stops. Laid out about 40 years ago ; population 600. On the opposite side of the liver commences the York Hills, and the South Mountain. Harrisburg, Philadelphia, 107 miles; Pittsburgh, 249 miles Express, on time, going West, stops 8 m; East, 10 m. Express, on time, going West, stops 8 m; East, 10 m. Mail, both East and West, stops 20 minutes for dinner. ( 21 ) Fast, on time, going "West, stops 5 m; East, 5 m. Mount Joy Accommodation leaves Harrisburg 7:00, A. M. and 4:10 P. M. Arrives at Lancaster, 8:40, A. M. 5:48 P. M. Returning, leaves Lancaster, 11:05 A. M., and 7:50 P. M.; arriving at Harrisburg at 12:55 P. M. and 9:40 P. M. As the capital of the stale of Pennsylvania, the interest of the tourist is naturally awakened, and we subjoin some few words, embracing some of the information that may be desired. The town was laid out in llS5, by John Harris, jr., and was incorporated as a borough in 1808. The borough is situated in Dauphin county, on the left bank of the Susquehanna, a short distance above Paxton creek. The town contains seventeen churches, two rolling mills, several founderies, one extensive car factory, the " Novelty" and the " Eagle " Works, a cotton mill, and various other similar establish- ments. Two daily, and four weekly papers, are published in the town.— - There are the usual state and county public buildings. The Speaker's chair in the House of Representatives, is"^the one used by John Hancock, as Pres- ident of the Continental Congress. The Senate Chamber contains fine full length portraits of Washington and of Wm. Pean ; also of Columbus and Vespucius. There is also a painting of an attempt by the Indians to burn John Harris, the father of the founder of the town, who settled here in 1726 ; in which year was born John Harris, jr., said to be the first white child born west of the Conewago Hills. The Governor's Chamber contains the origi- nal charter, given by Charles H, to Penn, and portraits of all the Governors of the Commonwealth. The town is supplied with water by a water-works which cost $120,000, having a reservoir with a capacity of 1.532.192 gallons. The Pennsylvania State Lunatic Asylum is located here. It has accommo- dations for 250 patients. The buildings are seen on a fine bluff on the right as the traveler leaves the town going West. ^-^-^ — • Oii.in.l3ei:*laiicl Valley I^oad.. 1st train leaves Harrisburg at 8:05, A. M, Arrives at Cham BERSBURG, 11.00, A. M., Hagerstown, 12:35, P. M., 2d train leaves Harrisburg, 1:35, P. M. Arrives at Chambersburg 4:30, P. M., Hagerstown, 6:10, P. M. Returning, 1st train leaves Hagerstown, 7:00, A. M. Chambersburg, 8:30, A. M. Arrives at Harris- burg at 11:15, A. M. Returning, 2d train leaves Chambersburg 12:55, P. M. Arrives at Harrisburg, 3:40, P. M. Trains leaves Ha- gerstown at 2:45 P. M. Arrives at Chambersburg at 4:20 P. M ^►♦^ ]>f orthexTi Oentral I^ail^vray. Harrisburg to Williamsport. — 1st train leaves Harrisburg at 3:00, Sunbury 5:43, Williamsport, 7:35, Lock Haven. 9:05, A. M. 2d Train leaves Harrisburg, 11:15, P. M. Sunbury 4:10 P. M. Williamsport, 6.10 P. M., Lock Haven 7:20 P. M (22 ) RETiiRNrNG; WiLLTAMSPORT TO Harrtsburg.- -tst traiQ leaves Lock Haven 6.35, A. M. Williamsport, 8.15, A.M., Sunbury, 10 05, P. M., Harrisburg, 12.45, P. M. 2d train leaves Lockhaven, P. M., Williamsport, 9.20, P. M., Suobury, 11.02, P. M., Harris- burgh, 1.45, A. M. HARRISBURG TO BALTIMORE. Leave Harrisburg 2.00 and 6.30, A. M., 1.15, P. M.; reaching Baltimore, 6.15, 11.30, A. M., and 5.35, P. M. Returning, leaves Baltimore at 9.15 A. M., 2.55 and 9.15 P, M. Arrive at Harris- burg at 1.00, 7.30 P. M., and 1.35, A. M. COLUMBIA TO YORK. Leave Columbia, 6.15, 11.25, A.' M., 1.10, and 7.00, P. jr. Returning, leave York 5.00, 11.40 A. M. and 4.00 P. M. A.lleiit;o>vri I^oii.t:e fVom IVe^v Tifox*!* This route, having a distance of 182 miles, from New I'ork to Harrisburgh, is composed of the CENTRAL RAILROAD OF NEW JERSEY, LEHIGH VALLEY, EAST PENNSYLVANIA and LEBANON VALLEY RAILROADS, and has its junction with the Pennsylvania Central at Harrisburgh. By this route Trains froroi Ne-vv Yorlr, LEAVE. New York. MILES. Newark 9 Elizabeth.... 14 Plainfield ... 26 Somerville... 38 Junction .... 59 Easton V5 Bethlehem... 87 Allentown.... 92 Reading 128 A. M 6.00 6.30 6.45 7.12 7,38 8.25 9.03 9.25 9.38 11.07 p. M. 1.15 M. 12.00 p. M, 12.30 12.45 1.21 1.50 2.48 3.34 4.04 4.20 6.00 P. M. 7.00 7.30 7.45 8.13 8.40 9.28 10.08 10.33 10.43 11.57 A. M, 1.55 Trains lo Ne-v\^ Yoi'lz. LEAVES A. M. Harrisburg 2.15 Reading 4.14 Allentown 5.30 Bethlehem 5.45 Easton* 6.37 Junction 7.13 Somerville 8.00 Plainfield Elizabeth 8.50 Newark 9.00 9.35 A. M. P. M. 8.00 2,00 11.15 4.20 P. M. 12.55 5.49 1.07 6.07 2.05f 7.00 2.54 7.45 3.55 8.40 4.25 90.9 5.00 9.45 5.10 9.55 5.50 10.30 ... _, New York, arri. Ilarris'g, ar. 183 1.15 8.20 1.55 ^ Breakfast. f Dinner, i Supper. Harrisburg is a great interior Railway Centre. Subjoined are tables of Stations and distances, on Railroads radiating from Harrisburg. I ^o ) Plilliidelplila ami Erie llaii Road. This GREAT LINE traverses the Northern and North-western Counties of Pennsylvania, to the CITY OF ERIE, ON LAKE ERIE. This road has been leased by the PENNSYLVANIA RAIL ROAD OOMP'Y. And under its auspices is being rapidly opened throughout its entire length. It is now in use from HARRISBURG TO DRIFTWOOD (2d Fork), A distance of IlVT^ miles on the Eastern Division, and from SHEFFIELD TO ERIE, A distance of T^^ miles on the Western Division. Cars run through on both trains to Lock Haven, from Philadelphia, Balti- more and Harrisburg, using the Northern Central Rail Road to Sunbury. Magnificent Sleeping Cars attached to all Night Trains. FIRST TRAIN LEAVES: Philadelphia at 7:30 A. M. Or Baltimore 9:15 " Harrisl)urg, 1:15 A. M. Sunbury, 4:10 " ■\Villiamsport for Lock Haven, 6:50 " Arrive at Lock Haven, 7:20 P. M. Williamsport for Buffalo and Rochester 6:30 '■'■ Arrive at Elniira ..10:30 " «• Buffalo; 6:00 A.M. SECOND TRAIN LEAVES: Philadelphia at 10:30 P. M. Or Baltimore 9:15 " Harrisburg 3:00 A.M. Sunbury, , 5:43 " Williamsport lor Driftwood, 7:35 " Driftwood, 12:00 M. Williamsi)ort for Bufialo and Rochester , 7:55 A. M. Arrive at Elniira 11;50 '• Buffalo, 7:15 P. M. FIRST TRAIN LEAVES Buffalo, 10:55 P. M. Elniira .• .'.. 4.15 P. M. Lock Haven 6:35 " WilUiamsport, 8:15 '• Sunbury 10:10 A. M Harrisburg, IKK) P. M Arrive at Philadelphia, 5:30 '' " Baltimore, 5:30 " SECOND TRAIN LEAVES: Buffalo, 10:15 A. M Elmira, 5:25 P. M Driftwood, 4:20 " Lock Haven, 7:45 " Williamsport , .9:20 P. M. Harrisburg 2:00 A. M. Arrive at Philadelphia, 6;40 " " Baltimore, 6:15 '• Trains from and to Elmira, Buffalo, Niagara Falls and all Western New York, connect witli the above Trains both way.s at Williamsport. JOS. D. POTTS, General Manager. ( 24 ) iVortlierri Oemtral [Rail^vay. On and after January 18th, 1863, Passenger Trains will arrive and depart from Calvert Station, as follows : TRAINS NORTHWARD LEAVE: TRAINS SOUTHWARD ARRIVE: Mail, Through ^ 9:15 A. M. Express, Through 9:15 P. M. Ilarri.^burg Accommodation Way 2:55 " Parkton '• " 7:20 " Mail, Through 5:35 P. M. Exjiresi?, Through 6:15 A. M. Hiirrrisburg Aceommodatioa Way ...11:30 A. M. Parktou " " ... 7:40 A. M. Mail and Express Trains make close connections with Pa. Central R. R. at Harrishurg for I'ittt^burgh, Columbus, Cincinnati, Indianapolif-, it. Wayne, Chicago, and all points in the Great West; and at Elmira with the Now Yoik and Erie Rail Road, lor Ruffalo. Dunkirk, l^iagara Palls, Rochester, Syracuse, and all points in Northern. Central & Western Kew York. Passen- gers for Northern, Central and Western New York will save 10 hours time and oTer 200 milea travel by this route. N. B. Express at 9:tO P. M. will Btop at the following points South of llarrisburg only: Goldsborough, York, Hanover Junction, Glenrock, P.arkton, Shrews- bury. Express at 9:00 P. M. connect at llarrisburg with Trains for New York City, direct, via AlIentoAvn. The Train leaving Calvert Station at 2:55 P. M will stop at all Stations. The ^nly Train leaving on Sundays is the Express at 9:05 P. M. The only Trains arriving on Sundays are the Harrisbui-g Accommodation? at 11:30 A. M., and the Express at 6:15 A. M. Omnibusses await the arrival ot Trains Irom Washington, to convey Passengers to the Pepot of the Northern Central Railway, Calvert Station, Baltimore. Through Tickets to all Points reached by their Line, may be obtained at the Office of the Great Penna. Route, cor. Pennsylvania Avenue and 6th St., Washington, D. C, near National Hotel, and at Calvert Sta- tion, Baltimore. ED. S. YOUNG, General Passenger Agent. E. 0. NORTON, Ticket Agent, cor. Penna. Avecue and 6th St., Washington, D. C. Rockville. Pbiladelpliia, 112 miles ; Pittsburgh, 243 miles. Mail Train only stops at this station. At this point the traveler enters upon a railroad bridge across the Susque- hanna. 3679 feet long. MarySVille, Philadelphia, 115 miles; Pittsburgh, 240 miles. All trains stop at this station. At this point the railroad crosses the track of the Northern Central road, which crosses the river by a handsome bridge, of the McCallam pattern. COVG, Philadelphia, 117 miles; Pittsburgh, 239 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. This station is in Perry county, which was separated from Cumberland county in 1720. The county lies between two very lofty and distinct ranges of mountains; the Kittatinny and the Tuscarora. DunGahnOIl. Philadelphia, 121 miles; Pittsburgh^ 234 miles. All trains, going West, stop ; Fast Line and Mail East stop. This station is located at the mouth of Sherman's Creek. There is a roll- ing mill and an extensive nailery here, which employs a number of hands. ( 25 ) Aqueduct; Philadelphia, 125 miles; Pittsburgh, 231 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. Bailey's, Philadelphia, 130 miles ; Pittsburgh, 226 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. At this station the road is fairly within the limits of the picturesque Juni- ata Valley, a region of great romantic beauty, and bold scenery. Newport, Philadelphia, 134 miles; Pittsburgh, 222 miles. All trains stop at this station 4 minutes for wood and water. This town, the second in importance, in Perry county, is situated at the junction of Buffalo Creek with the Juniata River, and has a population* o 500. It is a place of some note as a shipping point. It was laid out 1814, by a person named Reider, after whom it was formerly called Reidersville. Miller st own, Philadelphia, 140 miles; Pittsburgh, 216 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. This town was laid out some sixty years ago; but as early as 1755, a block- house was constructed at this point, by William Patterson, a bold, energetic man, who also in 1798, erected a mill here. At this point the road reachea the Tuscarora Ridge, and continues for some miles along its southern slope, when it enters the famous Tuscarora Valley, situated in Juniata County. Thompsontown, Philad., 145 miles; Pitts., 211 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. This town is situated in Juniata County, and was laid out about 1800. Mexico, Philadelphia, 151 miles; Pittsburgh, 205 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. In 1755, before the block-house already mentioned, as constructed in tbat year at Millerstown, was commenced, an attempt was made to dig a cellar at a point just opposite this town. The Indians, however frustrated the effort. They came down upon the point of the little ridge overlooking the spot, and shot the workmen. A short distance above this point, is the scene of a san- guinary battle between two Indian tribes, occasioned by the quarrel of some Indian children over some grasshoppers. PerrySVille, Philadelphia, 154 miles; Pittsburgh, 202 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. This town stand at the junction of Tuscarora and Licking creeks, with the Juniata. It is the principal depot for the shipments of the surrounding coun- try. It has been supposed that near the mouth of Licking creek, there waa a lead mine; from the fact that, in early days, but long after the settlement of this neighborhood by whites, friendly Indians, who frequently came and en- camped on Licking creek, were wont, after exhausting their supply of bullets in shooting matches, to proceed down the creek towards its mouth, and re- turn in a short time with plenty of lead, nearly pure. The mine has never been discovered by the whites, and has been long looked upon as a myth. / . . C 26 ) - Mifflin, Philadelphia, 156 miles; Pittsburgh, 200 miles. Wood and water station; all trains stop. Wheels at this point undergo thorough inspection. This is the county seat of Juniata county. It was laid out in 1T91, by John Harris, and named in honor of Gov. Mifflin. Much prospecting has been done for the discovery of. a silver mine, supposed to be in a ridge near the town, on the railroad side of the river. An old Indian used frequently to tell of such a mine being in that locality. About ten miles from Mifflin, near to Tuscarora creek, the remains of an ancient fortification are said to be visi- ble. After leaving this town the road follows the ri^"er course to the north- west boundary of Juniata county, where it enters Mifflin county. The road enters the latter County through a passage between Blackleg mountain on the left, and Shade mountain on the right. The scenery in this narrow gorge is of the wildest character. LewistOWn, Philadelphia, 168 miles; Pittsburgh, 188 miles. All trains stop at this station. Stages leave this point for Bellefonte. This town is the county seat of Mifflin county. The county was formed in 1798, and it abounds in iron ore of the best quality, from which is made the celebrated Juniata iron. There are several cuiious caves in the limestone districts. This county is another of the districts in this region in which it was long supposf^d that a lead mine was to be found. Friendly Indians, who lived in the vicinity of what is now Lewistown, frequently exhibited lead, ap- parently pure, which they professed to find in the neighborhood. When they went to seek it, they usually went in the direction of Granville Gap; but they would never allow any whites to accompany them. As early as 175?, Arthur Buchanan built himself a cabin where Lewistown now stands. Fort Granville, captured in 1756, by the French and Indians, was also built in 1755, near a spring, one mile above the present town. About six miles from Lewistown, on the Bellefont road, at a place now called Pieedsville, was once the habitation of the famous Indian Chief, Logan. It was on the left bank of the Kishicoquilas creek, and was called Logan's Spring. Lewistown was laid out in 1790, and is on the Juniata, just above Kishicoquilas creek, which furnishes water power for a number of manufac*^^uring establishments located in the town. Anderson, Philadelphia, 174 miles; Pittsburg^^ 182 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops; East, sto^s. McVeytOWn, Philadelphia, 180 miles; Pittsburgh, 176 miles Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. The town is three-fourths of a mile from the station, and is situated on the canal and turnpike. It was formerly called Waynesburg. It is an incorpor- ated bororough. Near this town is a large and curious cave, known as Ilena- walt's cave. ( 27 ) Manayunk, Pliiladelphia, 185 miles; Pittsburgh, 171 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. There is a town with a similar name, near Philadelphia. Newton-Hamilton, Pliilad, 190 miles; Pitts., 166 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. There is near this station, a remarkable bend in the river. After a south- eastern course for several miles, it suddenly runs to the north-west, and ap- proaches within a few hundred yards of its channel above the bend. This town was formerly known as Mublenburg. The river at this point enters the counties of Juniata and Huntingdon. The population of the place is about 300, and the town is quite a large depot for iron and produce. Mount-Union, Pbilad., 193 miles; Pittsburgh, 163 miles. Stages run from this point to Shirleysburg, in the Augwick Valley, and Milnwood A.cademy, in Shade Gap. This village is at the entrance of Jack's Mountain. After leaving Mount Union, the road runs through the midst of fine mountain scenery, which pre- sents manv sublime features. The pass through which the road is built, ig known as Jacks Narrows, They are so called after a famous frontiersman, known as " Capt. Jack," whose habits invested him with a mysterious char- acter in the eyes of the early inhabitants of these regions, which he made his stamping ground, in 1750—1755. He was known as the " Black Hunter ' the "Black Rifle," the "Wild Hunter of the Juniata," the " Black Hunter of the Forest," as well as th*^ less romantic name of " Capt. Jack." His real name was never known. He had entered the woods with a few enter- prising companions, built a cabin, and cleared some land. One day, return- ing from hunting, he found his cabin burnt, his wife and children murdered, by the Indians. Forsaking civilized life, he lived in caves, and seizing every opportunity for revenge, he became the terror of the red man, and the pro- tecting angel of the frontier whites. Many stories are told of his sudden and mysterious appearance, to the discomfiture and death of the Indians, and the rescue of whites from death and danger. Mapleton, Philadelphia, 196 miles; Pittsburgh, 160 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. Mill Creek, Philadelphia, 200 miles; Pittsburgh, 156 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. On the opposite side of the river from this station, is seen Terrace mountain. Five miles Irom this station, we reach Huntingdon; approaching which, the character of the scenery becomes yet more marked. Huntingdon, Philadelphia, 205 miles; Pittsburgh, 151 miles. Wood and water Station. All trains stop at this station. (28 ) The Huntingdon and Broad Top Railroad J3ranches off at this station. 1st Train leaves Huntingdon 7:20 A. M.; arrive at Saxon 9:10; arr. at Hopewell 9.45 A. M., and Dudley 10:06 A. M. Eeturning, leaves Dudley and Hopewell 10:15, A M.; Saxton 10:50 A. M., arrive at Huntingdon 12:30 P. M. 2nd Train leaves Huntingdon 3:40 P. M.; Saxton 5.20 P. M., arrive at Hopewell 5:55 P. M. Returning, leaves Hopewell 6:40, Saxton 7:30 P. M.: reacli Hunting- don 9:14 P. M. Stages to Bedford. This town, which rejoices in the soubriquet of "The Ancient Borough," was laid out a short time previous to the revolutionary wan by the Rev. Dr. W. Smith, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania. He named the town after the Countess of Huntingdon, who had been extremely liberal in subscribing to the aid of the University, through Dr. Smith, when he was in England so- liciting funds for the support of that institution. The town is the county- seat of Huntingdon county, which is rich in mineral deposits. In addition to coal and iron, lead is found in Sinking Spring Valley, and a mine in that vi- cinity was worked toward the close of the revolutionary war. Petersburg, Philadelphia, 211 miles; Pittsburgh, 145 miles. Mail, going "West, stops; East, stops. This town stands on the site of a fort that was constructed at the mouth of Shafer's creek, and where a settlement was commenced in 1770. At this point the canal and river, which have so long kept companionship with the road, part company, and sweep off to the left, while the railroad continues along the rugged course of the Little Juniata. Barre Forge, Philadelphia, 215 miles; Pittsburgh, 141 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. At this poyit the road enters a gorge of Tuessey's mountain. Two miles above Barre the Little Juniatta makes a great bend, and the road, instead of following its course, goes through a spur of the mountain, by means of a tunnel 1,246 feet long, 20 feet wide and 16 feet high. Spruce Creek, Philadelphia, 217 miles; Pittsburgh, 139 miles. Stages leave this point for Northumberland County. Spruce Creek Valley, from whence this station derives its name, contains some very extensive furnaces, whose business finds on outlet at this point. Union Furnace, Philad., 219 miles; Pittsburgh, 137 miles. Flag station. Mail Trains stop. In the neighborhood of this station is Sinking Spring valley, in which was built, in 1778, Fort Robertdeau, the laigest and best defended frontier post of the day. Sinking Spring Valley, as mentioned in connection with Hunting- don, is the location of the lead mines worked during the closing years of the revolutionary war. Search was made in this valley, in early days, for silver. , (29 ) In 1118, when Robertdeau erected tho fort at the upper lead mines, a re- markable and irregular trench, some ?ix miles in length, and of ancient ap- pearance, was found in the valley. It was attributed to the French, who^ while they held Fort Duquesne, made extensive explorations in Ligonier Val- ley for the precious metals. And the trench affords ground from its great length, for belief that the search was successful. Among the curiosities of this valley are the Arch Spring and the Cave. The spring gushes from a deep hollow formed in the limestone rock, about thirty feet in breadth, with a rude arch of stone hanging over it. The water is driven out with sufficient force to drive a mill, and then sinks into the earth again, after a subterraneous course for some distance, it again emerges, and runs along the surface until it enters, a large cave, which has been explored some 400 feet, to a large room, where the water falls down a chasm, and finds a passage near Canoe Mountain, emerging at its southern base. Birmingham, Philad., 222 miles; Pittsburgh, 134 miles. Mail train only stops at this station. This town contains over 200 inhabitants. It had, in 1824, but nine houses, and was incorporated in 1828. Leaving this point the road still following the windings of the Little Juniatta, enters a narrow pass, havin-g Brush mountain on the left, going west, and Eagle mountains on right. Tyrone, Philadelphia, 225 miles; Pittsburgh, 131 miles. TYRONE AND CLEARFIELD BRANCH. 1st Train leaves Tyrone, A. M. P. M.; arrive at Nuttall's A. M., P. M. Returning, leave Bellefonte, , A. M., P. M.; arrive at Tyrone, A. M., P. M. 2nd Train leaves Tvrone, A. M., P. M.; Bald Eagle Valley Intersec- tion, A. M.; arrive at Bellefonte, A. M. P. M. Returning, leaves Sandy Ridge, A. M., P. M.; arrive at Tyrone A. M., P. M. Stages leave here for Bellefonte, Jersey Shore and Williamsporfc. This thriving town is situated at the mouth of Bald Eagle creek in Blair county, and has sprung up since the construction of the railroad. It contains a population of 1000. From the mouth of Bald Eagle to Altoona, the road traverses the noted Tuckahoe Valley. At this station a road branches off in- to Clearfield county, connecting also with the Bald Eagle Valley Road, giv- ing an outlet to the vast resources of lumber, coal and iron for which this region is famous. Tipton. Philadelphia, 229 miles; Pittsburgh, 127 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. An outlet for the Clearfield lumber district. From this point many varie- ties of lumber find their w :y to the Philadelphia and Baltimore markets. Fostoria- Philadelphia, 230 miles; Pittsburgh, 126 miles. Mail train only stops at this station. So named in honor of Wm. B. Foster, a dec'd, Vice President of the road. Bell's Mills. Philadelphia, 232 miles; Pittsburgh, 124 miles. Express, going West, stops; East, stops. ( ao ) _^ Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. An artesian well has been sunk here to the depth of 1200 feet, but water is not yet obtained. The pyraniidical structure for boring will be seen upon the slope of the hill, to the right, going west. Blair Furnace. Philadelphia, 236 miles; Pittsburgh, 120 miles. Mail train only stops at this station. In Brush mountain, near this station, is a deposit of iron ore, said to be the heaviest in Western Pennsylvania. It has been efficiently worked for more than a generation, but seems to be inexhaustible. AltOOna, Philadelphia, 239 miles; Pittsburgh, 117 miles. Express, on time, going West, stops 20 min. for breakfast; East, stops 20 m. for tea. Mail, on time, going West, stops 20 m. for supper; 'East, stops 15 m. for breakfast. Fast line, on time, going West stops 1^ m. for tea. At this point the Hollidaysburg Branch, takes off. Ilollidaysburg, distant 8 miles; time, 30 minutes. Trains leave Altoona 8:00 A. M.^ 10:25 A.M. and 7:15 P. M. Hollidaysburg Trains connect with Mail east, and with Mail and Express West. During stoppage all wheels and axles are examined and engines changed. This town owes its formation entirely to the operations of the Pennsylva- nia railroad. Some few years ago its site was marked by one log hut, whos« solitary inhabitant was the beginning of the population of 5000 who now inhabit this thriving borough. The office of ^he Gener.il Superiritendent of the road is located here; also the main shops of the company, which com- prises machine and car shops, iron nnd brass foundries, blacksmithing, paint- ing, trimming, pattern making and tin and sheet iron shops. There are also establishments for setting up locomotives, and for making boilers and iron bridges; in fact, a heavy proportion of the equipment work of the road is done here. The town contains four churches. The "Logan House," owned and erect- ed by the Railroad Company, is a fine and comraodiously constructed build- ing, of fine architectural porportions. The traveler who sees it for the first time, does not fail to feel surprised that so superb a house has been erected here Hollidaysburg Branch. DuncanSVille, 6 miles from Altoona Is 1200 feet above tide water level, and contains a population of 500. It is situated at the foot of the inclined planes of the old Portage Railroad. Hollidaysburg, 8 miles from Altoona. Time 30 minutes. Trains connect at Altoona with the Fast Mail East, and Express West. Trains leave for Altoona at 6:25, and 9:35, A. M., and 6:30, P. M. (31) This prosperous to^n is situated on a branch of the Big Juniata. It was laid out by one Adam Holiday, and now contains 5000 inhabitants. Its principal growth has been since 1830, at which time it had but seventy-two inhabitants. The town is well situated in the centre of a country teaming with mineral riches, and of a fine agricultural character. It is the county seat of Blair county. Several foundries and machine shops are among its business establishments. Leaving Hollidaysburg, and returning to the main route, and climb the Allegheny mountains, as we leave Altoona, at the rate of 95 feet to the mile. As the road winds up the side of the mountain a beautiful view of the magoificient scenery is obtained. Kittanning Point, Philad., 244 miles; Pittsburgh^ 112 miles. Flag Station. Mail Trains stop. This is a water station at the top of a heavy grade. At this point the grandest view on the whole route is' presented to the sight. A vast extent of landscape is spread out before the eye, presenting all those charms of moun- tain scenery which enchant the lover of nature. On leaving Kittanning Point, the road soon enters the awesome darkness of the Great Tdnnbl. This is the grand engineering triumph of the road. Its total leng^.h is 3,612 feet, its width 24 feet, its height above the rails 2l|- feet. The depth below the summit of the mountain 203 feet. The tunnel was commenced October, ■".851, and finished Jan. 1854, costing $540,000. During the course of its .onstruction, three shafts were sunk to aid the tunneling. . The eastern shaft was 150 feet deep, the middle 196 feet, and the western 185 feet. The sharpest curvature on the road occvrs at this point; the grade is 95 feet to the mile. This horse shoe bend is one of the greatest engineering triumphs of the age. Gallitzin, Philadelphia, 251 miles; Pittsburgh, j.05 miles. All trains stop at this station. This station is at the western end of the great tunnel, and is in Cambria county. The line between Blair and Cambria counties, runs along the top of the ridge pierced by the great tunnel. Near the north line of the county, about one mile from the falls of the Beaver Dam and Slate Lick creek, there is said to be an ancient fortification, whose banks are four or five feet high, and overgrown with immense trees. The station was named after the Rev. Demetrius Augustine Galitzin, by birth a Russian Prince, by choice a Catho- lic Priest, who inspired with great love for the poor, and a desire to devote his means to charitable purposes, settled at Loretto, near this station, 1789. He died in 1840, aged 12 years, having passed the most of his life on the bleak summits of the Allegheny, in the discharge of the duties of his sacred office. CreSSOn, Phila, 254 miles; Pittsburgh, 102 miles. All train "^ stop. This station Is named after Elliott Cresson, of Philadelphia. There is a fine hotel here, and the locality has become a popu^"" "'-"sort during the summer months, for Invalids and pleasure seekers. From this point a branch road recently constructed leads to Ebensburg, &c. Trains runs as follows: EBENSBURG BRANCH. Distance 11 miles. Time one hour. Leave Cresson 9:30 A. M., and 800: P. M. Returning leave Ebensburg 6:40 A. M., and 6:35 P. M. ( 32 ) Lilly, Philadelpliia, 257 miles; Pittsburgh, 99 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops. East, stops. At the foot of Plane No. 4, on the western slope of the mountains. At this station the streams begin fairly to flow downward toward the Ohio. Portage, Philadelphia, 261 miles; Pittsburgh, 95 miles. Mail, going West, stops. East, stops. This station is on the head waters of the Conemaugh River, which the rail- road follows to the Blairsville Intersection. Wilmore, Philadelphia, 264 miles; Pittsburgh, 92 miles. Wood and water Station. All trains stop at this station. Stages leave this point for Ebensburgh. A depot for the town of Jefferson, which contains about 1000 inhabitants. Sumnierllill, Philadelphia, 266 miles ; Pittsburgh, 90 miles. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. Viaduct, Philadelphia, 270 miles; Pittsburgh, 86 miles. At this station a fine viaduct, nearly 75 feet above the water, spans with a single arch of 80 feet, the Conemaugh. Passing through a deep cut of over ■a hundred feet, the road crosses an iron bridge, having an elevation of seven- ty-three feet. Mineral Point, Philadelphia, 272 miles; Pittsburgh, 84 miles. Express, going West, stops; East, stops. Mail, going West, stops; East, stops. Conemaugll, Philadelphia, 275 miles; Pittsburgh, 81 miles. All trains stop at this station. Although the grade of the road has been descending from the Great Tun- nel, yet at this point its level is still 1,226 feet above tide water level. Johnstown, Philadelphia, 377 miles; Pittsburgh, 79 miles. All trains stop at this station. Johnstown Accommodation leaves for Pittsburgh 6:05, A. M. Arrives at Pittsburgh 10:15 Returning, leaves Pitts- burgh 2.55 P. M. Arrives at Johnstown, 7.18 P, M. Johnstown Accommodation stops at all regular and flag stations when signaled. Stages leave Johnstown for Somerset. This town occupies the site of an old Indian Village, known as Keekenap- awlings-town. In the palmy days of the Pennsylvania canal, this town was an important point in canal navigation. The extensive establishment of the (33) Cambria Iron Works, are in the neighborhood, and are to be seen after pass- ing across the fine iron bridge, over which the road passes, soon after leaving the Johnstown' depot. The company employ 1500 operators, Conemaugh Furnace, Pbilad, 285 miles; Pitts., 71 miles. Mail, going West, stops. East, stops. Nineveh, Philadelphia, 287 miles ; Pittsburgh, 69 miles. Wood and water Station, Mail, on time, going West, stops. A considerable depot for the lumber and other products of the Black Lick Creek section of country, back of Ninevah. The town of Armagh is two miles from this station. Florence, Philadelphia, 291 miles ; Pittsburgh, 65 miles. Express, on time, going West, stops; East stops. Mail, on time, going West, stops; East stops. An outlet for Centreville, a small town located a short distance on the riv- er. From Florence roads diverge to Ligonier, and other towns on the South, and to Indiana on the North. Lockport, Philadelphia, 296 miles; Pittsburgh, 60 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops The road from this point is double track. Bolivar, Philadelphia, 297 miles ; Pittsburgh, 59 miles. This station is located near a defile in Chestnut Ridge, through which the road passes. The scenery in this gorge is characterized by a bold beauty that rarely fails to delight. Blairsville Branch Intersection, Philadelphia, 302 miles; Pittsburgh, 54 miles. Express, on time, going West, stops. East, stops. Mail, on time, going West, stops. East, stops. Blairsville and Indiana Branch. Distance to Blairsville, 3 miles; Indiana, 19 miles. Trains leave In- tersection for Blairsville 7.25 and 10.30, A M. and 6,05 P. M. Beturning, leaves for Intersection 6.55 and 9:30 A. M., and 5 25 P. M. 'J Trains leave Intersection for Indiana, 10.30, A. M. and 6.05 P. M ' Returning, leave Indiana for Intersection, 5.35, A. M. and 3,50, P M.' (34 ) Blair3ville is situated in Indiana County, three miles from tlie Intersection on the Conemttugh, immediately abore Black Lick Creek, It is 40 miles by the Northern Turnpike, on which it lies, from Pittsburgh. . It was laid out about 1812, and has now a population of about 2000 Indiana, is the capital of Indiana County ; it is 19 miles from the intersec- tion, and is the terminus of the branch road. Its population is about 1,500, It was laid out in 1805. There are said to be traces of one of those ancient fortifications, which are scattered throughout the west, to be seen about three • miles south-west of the town. Hillside, Philadelphiaj 306 miles ; Pittsburgh, 50 miles. Mail, going West, stops 4 m. A Wood and Water Station on the western slope of Chestnut Ridge. Millwood, Philadelphia, 308 miles ; Pittsburgh, 48 miles. Flag Station. Trains stop when signaled, or when passengers de- sire to get off. Derry, Philadelphia, 310 miles; Pittsburgh, 46 miles. Mail, going West, stops. This station is about one mile south of the village of that name. Saint Clair, Philadelphia, 312 miles; Pittsburgh, 44 miles. Mail, going West, stops. Latrobe, Philadelphia, 315 miles; Pittsburgh, 41 miles. All Trains stop. Wood and water Station. Stages from this point to Youngstown. This town was laid out a few years since, by Oliver W. Barnes, Esq. It is located on a fork of the Loyalhanna river, which the road crosses at this point. There aro several manufocturing establishments here. There is a fine depot hotel here, and good fishing and shooting in the vicinity. Beatty'S, Philadelphia, 317 miles; Pittsburgh, 39 miles. Mail, going West, stops. The Roman Catholic Abbey of St. Vincent, is in the vicinity of this sta- tion. After leaving this station, the road passes through two tunnels, from the last of which, the road emerges in full view of Greensburgh, Westmore- land county. GreetLSburg, Philadelphia, 225 miles; Pittsburgh, 31 miles All trains stop. Stages leave this point for Mt. Pleasant, Somerset, Uniontown, Pa. and Cumberland, Md. This town was laid out soon after the Indians had burned Hanna's Town, in 1Y82 ; and was incorporated as a borougl in 1799. The population at the (35) present time, is about 2500, and the railroad has, of late years, given a fresh impetus to the place. In the Presbyterian church yard, of this borough, repose the remains of Gen. Arthur St. Clair, of revolutionary fame. At Lud- wick, in the environs of the town, is the station for receiving and forwarding the freight of the town, and the surrounding country, Radebaugh, Philadelpliia, 327 miles; Pittsburgh, 29 miles. Mail going West, stops. Grapeville, Philadelphia, 329 miles; Pittsburgh, 27 miles. Flag Station. Accommodation Trains stop. This station is an outlet for a village of the same name one mile north. Manor, Philadelphia, 380 miles ; Pittsburgh, 26 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops. Irwin&j Philadelphia, 834 miles; Pittsburgh, 22 miles. From 400 to 500 tons of coal are shipped daily, from this station, by the Westmoreland Goal Gompany, to Philadelphia and New York, for gas. Larimer's, Philadelphia, 386 miles; Pittsburgh 20 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops. This station is also the outlet of extensive coal operations. Stewart's, Philadelphia, 339 miles; Pittsburgh, 17 miles Mail, on time, going West, stops. Wall's, Philadelphia, 312 miles; Pittsburgh, 14 miles. Flag station. ^Accommodation Trains only stop An Accommodation Train, which leaves Pittsburgh at 6:40 and 11:40 A. M. and 4.20. and 6.20 P. M. returning, leaves Walls' at 5.40 and 7:40. A. M. and 12.50 and 5:15 P. M. This station is on Turtle Creek, the first station of the road going West, in Allegheny county. Turtle Creek, Philadelphia, 343 miles; Pittsburgh, 13 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops. Station named after the creek, which at this point runs along the road. Brinton'S, Philadelphia, 344 miles; Pittsburgh, 12 miles. Mail, on time, going West, stops (36) BraddOCkS, Pliiladelphia, 346 miles; Pittsburgh, 10 m. Only Accommodation Trains stop here. This station is immediately at the scene of Braddock's defeat. The facts of bat disaster to the British arms, are too well known through history, to need mention here. The locality of the battle is now laid out in a village, known by the same name as the station, and but few of the original features of the landscape remain. The battle took place between the railroad and the river. SwisSVale* Philadelphia, 348 miles; Pittsbujgh, 8 miles. Only Accommodation Trains stop here. In the neighborho'id of this station are located the residences of many of the business men of Pittsburgh. The station is named for Jane G. Swisshelm, celebrated from her woman's rights teachings, who resided in this vicinity many years. Wilkinsburg, Philadelphia, 349 miles; Pittsburgh, 7 miles. Only Accommodation Trains stop here. The vicinity of this station is also thickly dotted with the suburban houses of the merchants and manufacturers of Pittsburgh. The town derives its name from Hon. William Wilkins, a venerable statesman, and a distinguished son of Allegheny county, whose beautiful country seat is in the vicinity. HomewOOd, Philadelphia, 350 miles; Pittsburgh, 6 miles. Flag station. Accommodation Trains only stop when sig- naled, or when passengers desire to get off. The station receives its name from the country seal of Hon. Wm. Wilkins. East Liberty, Philadelphia, 351 miles; Pittsburgh, 5 miles. Mail and Accommodation Trains only stop here. This thriving village was laid out about forty years ago, by Jacob Negley, Esq. Of late years, the village has largely increased, in consequence of num- bers of Pittsburgh business men making it their place of residence. Millvale, Philadelphia, 354 miles; Pittsburgh, 2 miles. Flag Station. Trains stop when signaled. Outer Depot, (Pittsburgh,) of the Pennsylvania Kailroad. Just before reaching this, the beautifully located grounds and buildings o the Western Pennsylvania Hospital, may be seen on the left, going west. The grounds of the Outer Depot consist of about twenty acres, upon which is lo- cated a great variety of buildings, necessary to the transaction of the busi- ness of the Company. Among these buildings, is a local freight house, 300 feet long, aud a circular engine-house, 900 feet in circumference, one of the largest buildings of its kind in the United States. (37) Pittsburgll, Philadelpliia, 356 miles. Trains running out of Pittsburgll leave as follows : — Pennsylvania Central Road Express, 4:00, P. M., arriving at Philadelphia 6:35, A. M Fast, 8:45, P. M. " '' " 10:20, A. M Mail, 3:00, A. M. " " " 5:25, P. M. Johnstown Accommodation, leaves at 2:55 P. M., arriving at Johnstown, 7:18, P. M. Local Accommodation, running to Wall's Station, leaves at 6:40, and 11:40, A. M. and 4:20 and 6:20, P. M. Pittsburgh Ft. Wayne and Chicago Road. Mail leaves at 7:00, A. M., arriving at Crestline 6:00, P. M. Express <' 12:40, P. M., '' '' Chicago 8:00, P. M. Fast Line ^' 1:00, A. M., '' '' " 8:50, P. M. Brighton Accommodation, leaves at 9:30, A. M., 4:20, P. M. Economy " 10:50, A. M., 5:40, P. M. Cleveland, and Pittsburgh Road. Mail Trains leaves at 1:00 A. M and 12:40, P. M. Pittsburgh and Connelsville Road- Leave Pitts. Ar. at Pitts. Mail to and from Uniontown, Express do do 1st M'Keesport Accommodation, 2d do do Port Perry, do 2d do do Sunday Church train to and from M'Keesport, 7:55 A. M. 6:00 P. M. 3:40 P. M. 9:20 A. M 11:00 A. M. 6:50 A. M, 6:15 P. M. 2:05 P. M 7:00 P. M. 8:30 P. M 4:25 P. M. 6:05 P. M 1:00 P. M. 10:00 A. M ( 38 ) Allegheny Valley Road. / Mail Tram leaves Pitts 7:00 A. xM., arrives at Kittaning 10:00, A.' M., returning leaves Kittaning 4:00, P. M. arrives at Pittsburgh 7:00, P. M. Express Train leaves Kittanning at 6:50, A. M., arrives at Pitts at 9:35 A. M. Leaves Pitts. 3:40, P. M., arrives at Kittanning 6:50 P. M. Accommodation Train leaves Soda Works at 5:00, A. M., arrives at Pitts. 8:00 A. M. Leaves Pitts, at 4:45, P. M., arrives at Soda Works at 7:05 P. M. The City of Pittsburgh whose name has become synonymous with manu- ["acturing industry and enterprise, may be said to have been originally a French Settlement, Monsieur Contrecour erecting FortDuquesnein 1754, at thejunc- tion of the two rivers. Tbe French regime was brief. In 1758 the French set fire to and abandoned the Fort, upon the approach of Gen. Forbes, who immediately repaired the works and called them Fort Pitt; from whence ori- i^inated the name of Pittsburgh. The community generally known as Pittsburgh, consists of twelve distinct municipalities, and six villages or settlements, in addition, fio immediately joining these, as to render it impossible for any but surveyo: s to say where the corporate municipalities end, and the minor villages commence. To strangers they but appear the further extension of one or more streets. The distinct corporations consist of the cities of Pittsburgh and Allegheny ; the Boroughs of Birmingham, East Birmingham, South Pittsburgh, Monongahe- la, Sligo, West Pittsburgh, Temperanceville, Manchester, Duquesne and Law- renceville — and the villages are Minersville, Oakland, Brownstown, Mount Washsngton, Hatfield and Woodland. The population of this thickly settled area of dwellings cannot be accurately given from any of the Census returns as each of the cities and boroughs named, are separately counted in the enumerations ; and the difficulty is still further increased that a large mass of the population is given in the enumerations of some of the surrounding Townships, into which the city's paved and closely built streets extend. From the few census returns of this vicicity which have been made public, we be- lieve the population of the community known as Pittsburgh, consisting of the 12 corporations named, and their immediately adjoining villages, will not fall short of 120,000, being an increase of 40,000 in ten years, or full 50 per cent. To this increase of population, one inciting cause has been the geographi- cal advautages of the position. Located at the head waters of the Ohio, Pittsburgh commands an inland navigation of eleven thousand miles, through the territory of fifteen States. But a few hours railroad ride from the Lakes, she partakes of their advantages for intercourse with the Canadas, or for an outlet by that route to the Ocean, distant but a summer day's journey, from three important seaboard cities, she enjoys many of the business advantages of cities lying immediately upon the sea coast. Another cause is her great advantages as a manufacturing city. Located in the heart of the bituminous coal fields, she possesses immense supplies of cheap fuel; the coal used by ner manufacturers costing only 80 cents per ton. Surrounded by the iron ( as ) deposits of four states, she has copious and cheap supplies of that mineral, while the lead of the upper Mississippi, aud the copper of Lake Superior, from her great transportation facilities, are. easily and cheaply laid down at her work shops. Woods of all descriptions, indigenous to the country, are copiously, easily, and cheaply available from various sources. To the enumeration of the leading manufactories, resulting from the great advantages so briefly sketched, we devote a paragraph. There are daily working in Pittsburgh, twenty-three rolling mills for iron, and three making and rolling steel exclusively. Forty-three founderies for casting iron, and five for brass. Seventeen steam engine and machine shops, and eight boiler yards. Three large manufactories of axes, vices, shovels, &;c., and one ot saws. Two heavy forges. One railroad spike factory, and two of hot press- ed nuts. Three iron railing factories, three file factories, two of saddlery hard ware, one of boiler ani other rivets, and one of wire. Two large manu- factories of gun barrels, one of rifles, and one of repeating pistols. Two very heavy establishments devoted to the manufacture of domestic hardware, two iron safe factories, three of pjows, and three of cutlery and surgical instru- iBents. Two extensive rolling mills for copper. Five cotton, three red and white lead, and thirty-four glass f^ictoriey. Four of looking glasses, two of railroad cars, two of Japan ware and pressed tin goods. Six of coaches, nine extensive ones, besides many small ones, -of wagons. Thirty tanneries, thirty breweries of ale and of lager bier. Two steam cracker bakeries, sis factories of lard and linseed oils, six potteries, three woollen factories, one of oil cloths, one of surveying and engineering instruments. Seventeen large tobacco fac- tories, besides a number of small ones. Two patent leather manufactories, five flouring mills, aud two spice mills. Sixteen extensive cabinet manufac- tories, besides quite a number on a limited scale. Two of varnish, two oi paper, one of alohohol, one of kid gloves, three af brushes, four of trunks. Six large factories of saddlery and harness, besides many on a smaller scale: two of saddle-trees, two of whips and umbrellas, three of glue, eight very heavy of soap and candles, six of cut marble, two of buckets and tubs, three of kegs, one ofBrittania ware, one of wire cloth, one of bells, one of procelain teeth, one of children's carriages, one of gold leaf, one of bobbins, one of corks, beside a great variety in all branches of industry usually prosecuted in a great city, The number of bouses in the two cities ?nd boroughs, we have no C£itimate of, but in the city Directory we find the names of over three hundred and fifty streets, and one hundred and fifty alleys and courts recorded. SeTeral of these streets are from three to four miles in length, and many from one to ti^o miles long, closely built upon both sides. A number of the alleys are froii;. & half to a mile in length, thickly lined with tenant houses. There are also mentioned in the Directory the names of over two thousand business firms, in the various branches of commerce, and the addresses of between three and four hundred professionals are given. Thtre are eighteen chartered banks, and twelve private banking houses , twenty-nine public schools and three colleges twenty-five daily and weekly publications; thirty-four hotels, one theatrsj twenty-five Odd Fellow's Lodges and ten of Ancient York Masons; eight pub- He halls, seating from a thousand to twenty-five hnndrpd personjB «acb. U\Z railroads run daily to various parts of the Union, (40 ) There are three incorporated city passenger railway companies, whose roads starting from the heart of the city, pass up widely different routes to the four quarters of the city and suburbs. These roads vary in length from 3 to 5J miles each, and running North, East, South and West in their course, afford great facilities to strangers to inspect the city and its suburbs at a trifling expense, besides furnishing nearly 40 miles of pleasant excursion. We subjoin the titles and course of the roads, with a brief mention of the leading objects of interest located along the route of each, as of assistance to the stranger who, while desirous of seeing something of the manufactures of Pittsburg hand its public places, may be equally anxious to economise his time. CITIZEN'S PASSENGER RAILWAY. Runs from the corner of St. Clair and Penn street, Pittsburgh to Sharps- burg, 5^ miles. Cars leave Penn street Station every 1h minutes, from 6.30 A. xM., until 11.00 P. M. strangers desiring to inspect the City of Pittsburgh, vill find this line affords fine facilities for visit- jnn' manufacturies, public worVs and institutions, as many of tha most attractive are located along the line of this road. Among the attractive manufactwries and public plajes lying on either side of this Pacsenger Railway, are THE ALLEGHENY CEMETRY. ALLEGHENY ARSENAL. CITY WATER WORKS, FAIR GROUNDS, IRON CITY PARK. WESTERN PENNSYJ.NANiA HOSPITAL. RAILROAD DE- POTS, LAKE SUPERIOR SMELTING WORKS A; COPPER MILL. HUSSEY WELLS A; CO.S STEEL WORKS, FORT PITT CANNON FOUNDRY. FULTON IRON FOUNDRY, JUNIATA ROLLING MILL, PITTSBURGH ROLLING MILL, ^TNA STOVE WORKS, DUQUESNE STEEL WORKS, O'HARA GLASS WORKS. PITTSBURGH AND EAST LIBERTY PASSENGER RAILWAY. Rnns from corner of Market and Fourth street, to East Liberty, and, also, by a seperate route to Miuersville. Cars leave the Fourth street Station every 15 minutes, from 6.55 A. M., until 10.30 P. M., to Oakland and Miu- ersville, each alternate car runs through to East Liberty, being one every 30 minutes. strangers stopping at Pittsburgh for a season, will find the route of this road a charming one, passing aa it does through a section of the sxiburbs, in which are situated many of the dwellings of the wealthier business men of the city, whose finely improved grounds and elegant residences enliven the beautiful natiirul valley through which the road runs. The visitor at Pittsburgh, who lails to visit this section of the suburbs and the adjacent villege of East Liberty, neglects to see the fair, smiling side of the Smoky City, and does the city injustice, however much he may wonder at our immense manufacturies, ia not also receiving impressions of taste and elegance from as fair a garden spot as any city can boast of BIRMINGHAM AND PITTSBURGH PASSENGER RAILWAY. Runs from Fifth to Smithfield street, Pittsburgh, to Brownstown, passing through South Pittsburgh, Birmingham and East Birmingham. Cars leave Smithfield street every 10 minutes, from 6.30 A. M., until IIP. M. This road, between 3 and 4 miles in length, affords to the stranger an agreeable ride, passing over the fine Wire Suspension Hridge across the Monongahela, a desirable view is obtained down the Ohio and up the Monongahela rivers. The road passes through a large manufacturing district, in which are located, among others, the following manufacturies : WILLINGERS PLANING MILLS, HIAWATHA NUT FACTORY, ROBINSON, MINNIS tfe MIL- LKRS FOUNDRY, nil-WORTHS RAILROAD SPIKE FAt;TORV, CHAMBERS WINDOW GLASS WORKS, MKEES' GLASS WOHKS. RRYCE, RICHARDS * CO.S FLINT GLASS WORKS. WOLLF. PMTNKET & CO.'S WINDOW GLASS WORKS, CUNNINGHAM'S WIN- DOW gLASS WORKS, BOLLMAN A, GARRISONS rillLLED ROLL FOUNDRY. MKNIGIITS ROLLING MILL. CHESS. SUITO k CO S TACK FACTORY, ORMSBY S COAL WORKS, AMERICAN IRON WORKS- (41) In concluding this enumeration of the leading pursuits of Pittsburgh, we subjoin the names of a few firms in a variety of the mercantile and manufac- turing pursuits of the city, such information being at all times acceptable — and very often extremely desirable to the traveller, whether a dealer or con- sumer. AXES, SHOVELS & SAWS. Lippincott & Co., 118 Water AL.E. Edmunds & Co., agents for Smith's Wheeling Ale, 21 Smithfield AUCTIONEEKS. T, A. McClelland & Co., 55 Fifth AXES, SHOVELS & HOES. Newmyer, Graff & Co., 108 Water ALDERMAN. Alex. S. Nicholson, 69 Grant st., near Court House. BANKEKS. Hill k Co., cor. 5th and Wood N. Holmes & Sons, 57 Market Kountz & Mertz, 118 Wood BOOKSELLF.ItS, ST\TJ«^NrK8 & BLANK BOOK MANUFACTUKEltS. Kay & Co., 55 Wood BOOKS, STAT ION KKY ANJI NEWS liEALKltJ*. Charles C. Mellor, 81 Wood Robt. S. Davis, 93 Wood BOOTS AND SHOES, WHOLES ILE. H. Childs & Co., 133 Wood W. E. Schmertz & Co., 31 Fifth BRASH FOUNDRIES. Maffet & Old, 127 First Davis & Phillips, 110 Water CARBON AND LIJBRIOATLNG OIL MANUFACTURERS. Sellers, Canfield & Co., corner Wood and Second Long, Miller & Co., 23 Market W. P. Wooldridge, (Lucifer oil,) 39 Market W. Mackeown, 167 Liberty S. M. Kier & Co., Liberty oppo. Depot Ardesco Oil Co., 27 Irwin Geo. W. Holdship & Co., 35 Bank Block, Fifth Kehew, McFadden & Co., 26 Market Warden k Brooks, 14 Water Brewer, Burke & Co., cor. Duquesne Way and Hancock, agent for Globe, Pacific and Liberty Oil Works Richardson, Harley & Co., 19 Irwin Clark & Sumner, 24 Wood AVightraan & Anderson, Eagle Works, 92 Third W. A. McClurg, 61 Wood J, F. Marshall, 139 Liberty Reamer, Hays & Co., 281 Liberty R. Ashworth, cor. St. Clair and Du- quesne Way Naylor & Smith, 41 Market, Wm. Lo- gan, Agent CABBON, CRUDE.'' LUBRICATING OILS AND BENZOLE DEALERS. W. p. Logan, 41 Market McClelland & Davis, 27 Wood Childs & Carson, 38 Wood, under St. Charles Hotel Robt. Wray, Jr., 4 Hand, at Hill's of- fice Wade Hampton, cor. Penn and Hand J. F. Duncan & Co., 16 Hand CARBON AND COAL OILS. Lucesco Oil Co., 11 Wood North American Oil Co., 80 Third CARBON OIL LAMPS. W. N. Ogden & Co., 64 Market Wightman & Anderson, 92 Third COOK, PARLOR AND HEATING STOVES A. Bradley, cor. Wood and Second CHILLED ROLL MANUFACTURERS. Bollman & Garrison, 119 Smithfield BS^i CARRIAGE MANUFACTURERS. C. West & Co., 197 Penn |DR V GOODS, WHOLESALE. Wilson, Carr & Co., 94 Wood McCandless, Jamison & Co. 103 Wood Arbuthnot, Shannpn & Co., 115 Wood (4k' f' DUFF'S COMMEKCIAIi CULLEOE, Iron Buildings, 37 Fifth FJLLNT GLASS WARE. Jas. B. Lyon & Co., 116 Water Bryce, Richards & Co., 41 Wood Atterburj-, Reddick & Co. cor. Carsgn and McKee street, Birmingham FOUADERS A\0 MACHINISTS. Bollman & Garrison, 119 Smithfield FURNITURE MANUFACTURERS. James W. Woodwell, 97 & 99 Third GLUE CUKLED HAIR AWD BONE DUST. A. Hoveller & Co., 15 Virgin alley GROCERS. Means & Coffin, cor. Wood and Water J. S. Dilworth & Co. 130 & 132 Second Little & Trimble, 112 and 114 Second GAS AND WATER PIPE. Spring, Chalfant & Co., (Wro't Iron) 91 and 92 Water HATS. CAPS AND LADIES' FURS. Wm. Fleming, 139 Wood HIDE AND LEATHERS. J. R. McCune, 181 Liberty HARDWARE. Wm. S. Lavely, 58 Wood B. Wolff, Jr., cor. Liberty & St. Clair HOT PRESSFD NUTS, BOLTS AND WASHERS. Knap, Wood & Co., 114 Water IRON AND NAIL MANUFACTURERS. Ziig & Painter, 96 Water Jones & Laughlin, 120 Water Lyon, Shorb & Co., 121 W^ater Lloyd & Black, 88 Water IRON—GALVANIZED SHEET. Moorhead & Co.. 99 Water IRON CITF COMMERCIAL COLLEGE. Cor. Penn and St.. Clair, opposite St. Clair Hotel JEWELRY AND MILITARY GiiODS- H. Richardson & Co., cor. Fifth and Market • '■ LOOKING GLASSES, J. J. Gillespie, 88 Wood MINERAL WATER MANUFACTURER. J. C. Buflfum, 26 Market NAILS, TACKS AND HRADS, Chess, Smith & Co., 112 W'ater OIL BARRELS, MANUFACTURER. Guthrie & Sill, 61 Water, & 64 Front OIL CLOTH MANUFACTURERS. J. & H. Phillips, 26 and 28 St. Clair PIANOS AND MUSICAL GOODS. C. C. Mellor, (Chickering & Sons and Hazleton & Bros. Pianos, and Mason & Hamlin's Melodeons,) 81 Wood Kleber & Bro., (Steinway's Pianos and Carhart & Needham's N, Y. Me- lodeons,) 53 Fifth PLOWS AJVD PLOW CASTINGS. Hall & Speer, 166 Penn J. C. Bidwell, cor. Duquesne Way, Fayette and Garrison alley John Hall & Co., 139 Liberty PAPER HANGITVGS. W. p. Marshall, 87 Wood PLUMBERS, GAS & STEAM FITTERS. Tate & Seville, 227 Liberty PITTS. AGRICULTURAL WORKS, Robt. S. Williams, (Manager,) 48 and 51 Ferry PLANING MILLS, SASH AND DOORS. John Heath, cor. Marbury and Du- quesne Way STEEL AXES & SPRINGS. Hailman, Rahm & Co., 77 Water SEWING MACHINES. R, Straw, (Agent Singer's Machines,) 32 and 34 Market A. McGregor, (Ag't Howe's Machines) cor. Penn and St. Clair Wm. Sumner & Co., (Agent Wheeler & Wilson'?,) 27 Fifth TRIMMINGS AND STRAW GOODS. Jos. Home & Co., 77 and 79 Market. WAGON MA>UFACTURER8. Phelps, Park & Co., 6 St. Clair WOOL DEALERS. J. W. Marshall, 139 Liberty. (43 ) WINDOW GLA.88 AND 6L&SS W ARE. A. & D. H. Chambers, 111 Water and 154 First Cunningham & Co., 109 Water and 140 First Geo. A. Berry & Co., 97 First W. M'CulIj & Co., 14 and 16 Wood ALLEGHENY. PLOrR arlLIiS. J. L. Noble & Co., Pitt alley, near Dia- mond MACHINISTS. R. W. White & Bro., (wood-working machines,) West Common OIL BARREL MANUFACTURERS- Gregg, Alexander' & Co., (J. Logan, ^ manager,) river bank below Wire Bridge PLUMBERS, GAS AND STEAM FITTERS, Bailiff & Brown, 55 Federal PLANING MILLS, 8AS1I AND DOOBS, Gregg & Dalzell, cor. Main and Cherry Leaving Pittsburgh the traveler ptirsnes his way, after changing cars at the Union Depot of the two roads, by the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railway, the timetable of which road and descriptions of its stations imme- diately follow, on page 46. BROWISr & CO., WAYNE IRON AND STEEL WORKS, Manuf-Bcturers of all sizes of ROLLED AND FORGED BOAT AND SHIP ARMOR PLATE, Bar, Rod, and Hoop Iron, cast & common plow steel, rake & machinery steel, - PLOW WINGS, MOULD BOARDS AND SHARES CUT TO PATTERN. Warehouse and Works, cor. Duquesne Way and Wayne St., near Eastern and Western Passenger Depots, ^Pittsburgh., IPa. J. & H. PHILLIPS, 26 & 28 St. Clair St., Pittsburgh, Pa., OIL-CLOTH MANUFACTURERS, —AND DEALERS IN— INDIA-RUBBER GOODS OF ALL KINDS. Also, Leatlier Belting, Lace Leatlaer, Sec. Sole Agents for Allegheny Co. for the Universal Clothes- Wringer. (44 ) Kensington Iron and Nail Works. HENRY LLOYD. GEO. BLACK. LLOYD & BLACK, MANUFACTURERS OF BAR, SHEET, BOILER, HOOP AND ANGLE IRON. Nails and Spikes, Small T and Flat Bar R. R. and Screen Iron, Warehouse. Bagaley's Building, No. 88 Water, near Market St. PITTSBURGH, PA. LYON, SHORE & CO, MANUFACTURERS OF AND SPRING AND PLOW STEEL, OrFICE AND WAREHOUSE, IVo, ISlT^ater Street, PITTSBURGH- PA. M. WHITMORE, C. H. WOLFF. GEO. J. DUFF. THOS. H. LANE. WHITMORE, WOLFF, DUFF & CO. mi'ORTERS ANI* DEALERS IN H A^ R D ^W^ A^ R E ; SIGN OP THE ANVrL, No. 50 Wood St., 3 doors above St. Charles Hotel, Have in store one of the largest Stocks of Hardware in the West, ■which they offer at Eastern prices. N, HOLMES & SONS, ATTERBURY, REDDICK & CO., MANUFACTURERS OP BANKERS AND EXCHANGE|tittt mU$ ^Ut, NO. 57 MARKET STRKET, PITTSBURGH. PA. AND EVERY VARIETY OF PLAIN & COLORED GLASS LAMPS, PITTSBURQH, PA. Manufactory, corner Caraon and McKee Streets, BIRMINGHAM. N. B. The Birmingham Passenger Cars pass the Works every 10 minntes. C. YEAGER. W. WILLS. C. YEA-aER & CO. wo. no MARKET STREET, PITTSBURGH, PENWA WHOLESALE DEALEIiS IN DRY GOODS & VARIETY GOODS. ( 45 ) Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago G. W. CASS, President, Pittsburgh. HON. SAM'L HANNA, Vice President, Fort Wayne. JNO. B. JERVIS, General Superintendent, Pittsburgh. T. D. MESSLER, Comptroller, Pittsburgh. JNO. P. HENDERSON, Treasurer. W. H. BARNES, Secretary, Pittsburgh. ;rNO. J. HOUSTON, General Freight Agent, Pittsburgh. WM. P. SHINN, General Passenger Agent, Pittsburgh AUG'S BRADLEY, Superintendent Eastern Division, Pittsburgh. H. A. GARDNER, Supt., W. D., Ft. Wayne. JOS. H. MOORE, Commercial and General Agent, Chicago. (46 ) TIME TABLE PITTSBURGH, FT. WAYNE & CHICAGO RAILWAY. By Columbus Time, 13 minutes slower than Pittsburgh, and 20 minutes faster than Chicasro time. TRAINS GOING WEST LEAVE STATIONS AS FOLLOWS: cm. V. 8. cur. ORES. MtJ'T MAIL DAY CIN. tXP. MAIL. EXP. ACOO. EXP. ACCU . EXP. EXP. LEAVES p. M. A. M. A. M. p. M. , LEAVE P. M. A. M. A. M. PITTSBURG12 40 7 00 1 00 2 30 Crestline 8 30 5 00 8 30 Allegheny.... 12 50 7 10 1 10 2 40 Bucyrus 9 00 5 33 8 58 Ilaysville 7 39 3 36 Nevada Sewickley.... 7 43 3 44 U. Sandusky 9 44 6 24 9 38 Economy 7 57 4 10 Forest.. 10 13 7 00 10 07 Remington... 4 30 Dunkirk T". Rochester.... 1 55 8 25 2 15 4 50 Washington. N. Brighton.. 2 02 8 36 5 10 Johnstown... 11 02 7 50 New Gallilee 9 10 5 45 Lima 11 39 8 39 11 33 Enon 2 40 9 25 9 40 2 56 6 04 6 20 Delphos 12 15 A. M. 9 22 12 06 p. M. Palestine N. Waterford 9 53 6 35 Van Wert.... 12 49 10 04 12 38 Columbiana.. .S 15 10 09 6 55 Convoy Franklin 10 28 7 15 Monroeville. •••••• Salem 3 39 10 38 3 43 7 30 F.Wayne, Ar . 2 10 12 00 1 50 Damascus.... 10 56 7 48 P. M. Smithfield.... 11 02 7 55 " Le 2 15 12 15 2 10 Alliance, Ar. 4 10 11 20 4 10 8 10 A. M. Coesse 1 22 2 53 Columbia ... 3 02 " Le. 4 30 11 40 p. M. 4 15 6 40 Huntsville .. Pierceton.... 3 28 I 58 Strasburg.... 12 05 7 02 Warsaw 3 50 2 26 '3 41 Louisville.... 12 25 7 28 Bourbon 4 22 3 10 Canton 5 09 12 50 5 00 8 00 Inwood . Massillon 5 25 1 17 5 17 8 34 Plymouth.... 4 50 3 48 4 39 Lawrence .... 1 43 9 06 Hamlet Fairview 5 55 1 57 2 1-2 5 46 9 24 9 40 Hanna 5 42 5 02 Orrville Wanatah A. M. Wooster Su't 9 55 Valparaiso.. 6 18 7 10 5 56 5 45 Wooster 6 20 2 52 6 10 10 12 Wheeler Shreve 3,^2 3 56 10 34 Hobart 6 41 7 39 6 11 Lakeville ....... 10 50 Liverpool.... Loudonville.. 7 04 4 18 6 52 11 JO ToUestone .. Perrysville... 4 33 11 25 Clarke Lucas 7f . 4 56 11 48 P. M. Robertsdale Ainsworth... Mansfield ? 45 5 19 7 33 12 10 R. L Junct'n, 7 35 8 43 7 15 Spring Mills. 12 25 Burlingt'n J 7 50 9 00 7 25 7 30 Crestline 8.1'5 6 00 8 00 12 5,0 ^Qiiifiago,..,... 8 00 &10 7 35 7 40 (47 TIME TABLE PITTSBURGH Ft. WAYNE & CHICAGO RAILWAY. By Columbus time, 13 minutes slower than Pittsburgh and 20 minutes faster than Chicago time. TRAINS GOING EAST LEAVE STATIONS AS FOLLOWS: NIG'T DAY EXP. EXP. LEAVES P. M. A. M. CHICAGO... Y 35 7 40 Burlingt'n J. V 45 7 5s R, I. Junct'n, 7 59 Robertsdale Clarke Tollestone Hobart 8 59 Valparaiso... 9 25 9 29 Wanatah Hanna 9 57 Hamlet Plymouth ...10 55 10 46 Bourbon 11 19 Etna Green Warsaw 11 49 11 37 10 14 A. M. P. M. Pierceton....l2 09 Columbia ...12 38 12 24 Coesse F.Wayne, Ar. " Le. Monroeville.. Dixon Van Wert.... Middle Point Delphos Elida Lima Lafayette Johnstown... Washington, Dunkirk Forest U. Sandusky Nevada Bucyrus Crestline 1 20 1 05 1 25 1 25 10 41 11 18 P. M. 12 15 12 30 2 43 2 42 3 14 3 13 3 49 3 50 4 27 5 10 5 13 5 42 5 45 6 19 6 22 6 45 6 50 2 02 2 41 3 27 4 13 5 03 5 50 6 37 7 10 MAIL ACCO. A. M. 4 20 4 30 4 50 CIN EXP. P. M. 8 50 9 00 9 15 6 11 7 00 10 20 10 45 7 45 8 58 9 31 CHr. EXP. A. M. 7 05 CHI. EXP. P. M. 7 10 7 33 7 45 1 38 8 15 8 24 2 15 Crestline Spring Mills. Mansfield Lucas Perrysville... Loudonville.. Lakeville Shreve Wooster 9 10 Orrville 9 40 Fairview Lawrence Massillon 10 13 10 12 9 10 9 40 CIN. EXP. P. M. 1 12 2 52 3 16 3 44 3 59 Canton 10 33 10 30 Louisville Strasburg Alliance, Ar. 11 20 11 10 4 30 " Le. 11 40 11 15 4 45 Smithfield Danaascus p. M. Salem 12 15 11 44 5 14 Franklin 12 25 A. M. Columbiana N. Waterford Palestine., Enon.. ;........ 1 12 12 37 6 04 New Galiilee N. Brighton.. 1 45 6 36 Rochester.... 2 00 1 20 6 45 Remington Economy Sewickley Haysville.. Allegheny.... 2 55 2 15 7 40 PITTSBURG 3 05 2 25 7 50 U.S. MAIL. A. M. 7 15 7 42 8 00 8 22 8 43 9 00 9 18 9 38 10 12 11 00 11 10 11 21 11 45 p. M 12 10 12 25 12 45 1 10 1 25 1 50 2 05 2 30 2 45 3 15 3 34 3 50 4 15 4 35 5 10 5 25 5 56 6 15 6 21 6 55 7 05 ( 48 ) Accommodation Trains Pittsburgh, Ft. Wayne & Chicago Railway. EASTERN DIVISION. NEW BRIGHTON ACCOMMODATION LEAVeS ALLEGHENY At 9:15 and 12:00 A. M. arriving at New Brighton, 11:15 A. M. and 1:45 P. M. " 4:45 » 6:10 P. M. " " 6:30 " " 8:20 P. M. LEAVES Ne"W BrJOHTON At 5:00 and 6:30 A. M. arriving at Allegheny at 6:50 and 8:15 A. M. " 12:20 " 2:50 P. M. " " 2:30 " 4:50 P. M. WESTERN DIVISION. CINCINNATI EXPRESS. Leaves Valparaiso, 5:45 A. M., arrives at Chicago, V:40 A. M. Leaves Chicago, 8:50 P. M., " Valparaiso, 10:45 P. M. CIIICA GO&ROCKISLANDJUNCTIONACCOMMODATION Leaves Chicago, 8:15 A. M. arrives at R. I. Junction 8:45 A. M.' 1:20 P. M. " " 1:50 P. M. 6:30 P.M. " « 7:00 P.M. Leaves R. I. Junction at 6:55 A. M. arrives at Chicago V:20 A. M, 12:00 M, " " 12:30 P. M. 5:50 P. M. ». " C:20 P. M. ; ( 49 ) The Pittsburgh, Ft. Wayne & Chicago Railway. This IS the most important trunk road in the West. Extending; with great directness from Pittsburgh, through the states of Ohio and Indiana, to Chicago; the road acquires an importance not easily esti- mated from the number and extent .of the connections which it m.akes, with cross roads that concentrate upon it, from every section of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. This extent of connection, renders it not only the main channel down which pours in its course to the East, the fiood of agricultural wealth of the Lake States and the Far West; but also a great distributor of the manufactured products and varied merchan- dise of the East; and likewise the best highway for the army of travel constantly traversing and re-traversing between the two sections of the country it connects. A direct and speedy route for those pushing through to extreme points, it is in the greatest degree convenient from the number of its cross connections before mentioned, for those dwel- ing at interior points, or whose business calls for frequent diverge- ments, during their route, from the main line. Running through a section of the Union remarkable for its fertili- ty, and the enterprise and prosperity of its inhabitants, the frecjuency and variety of the towns and villages passed through, the bustle of life observable along the entire route, and the pleasant rural scenes pre- sented to the eye, destroy the monotony cf travel; while the speed of its trains, the comfortable appointment of its cars, and the certainty of its connections, greatly relieve its irksomeness. The line of road which now forms the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway, was origioally three distinct roads, unfinished in their construction, and incomplete in the appointments of their working portions. Consolidated into the present trunk route, which has since been, brought to its present usefulness and completion, draining in its direct route a total of 24: counties, producing 30,000,000 bushels of grain, with a population approaching 7,000,000, and by three of its principal connections between Pittsburgh and Chicago, 31 counties more, producing over 60,000,000 bushels of the several kinds of grain with a population of nearly 1,000,000; besides commanding its share of the immense business concentrated at Chicago by the system of rail- roads centering in that city. From the East by its direct conoectioD with the magnificent »ioad of the Pennsylvania Central Company, it (50) presents to traTel the shortest route to the North-West, aii<3 the most speedy, because direct in its couaectionS; distributor of merchandise for western states. The first station on this road after leaving Pittsburgh, where its connection is made with the Pennsylvania Hailroad. AUeglieny City: Chicago, 467 miles. All the regular trains of the Pittsburgh Ft. Wayne & Chi- cago Railway stop at this Station, and leave viz: Mail West^ 7:10, A. M.' Express West, 1:10, A. M., Crestline Accom^ modation, 1:50 A. M , Cleveland and Pittsburgh Passenger, 6:10 A. M., New Brighton Accommodation, 9.15, 12.00, A. M., 4:45, 6:10, P. M., Cleveland and Pittsburgh Accom- modation, 4:00, P. M. The intimate relations which e^iat in the business of this city with Pitts- burgh, naturally leads to much of its business being noticed in connection ■with that city. Of itself, it contains about 30,000 population, and is a rapidly growing city. A large number of manufactories are located within its juris- diciion,' among which are five first class cotton factories, five beary foundries, live machine shop?, two first class merchant flouring mills, two oil mills, sev- eral agricultural implement manufactories, two woollen mills, a number of sash and door factories, and planing mills, besides a host of minor establish- ments. There are three banks in this city, and a large number of dry-goods and grocery houses, doing a heavy business, together with many others, in all the various branches of commerce. The city is well supplied with gas and water, from works erected on this side of the river for that purpose. Alle- gheny is finely situated, upon a succession of benches of level ground, ana beautiful private residences abound throughout its limits. Outer Station^ Pittsburgh, 2 miles; Chicago, 460 miles. The machine shops of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad are located here. They are the largest on the whole line between Chicago and Pittsburgh, The first building was erected in 1850. The works give employ- ment to two hundred men. At this point all the trains change eugines. Mancliester. Pittsburgh, 3 miles; Chicago, 464 miles. Sation for Accommodation trains only. TiNis station is the switch station of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Railroad whero that road branches off to go to its machine shop. It is named for the borough of Manchester, which it adjoins. The large building on the left, one fourth of a mile east of this station, is the U. S. Marine Hospital; while that near the station enclosed by a stoue wall is the House of Refuge. Courtney's, Pittsburgh, 7 miles; Chicago 461 miles. Station for Accommodation trains only. ( 51 ) DixmOtlt, Pittsburgh, 8 miles; Chicago 459 miles. Station for Accommodation trai'is only. The Penna. Insane Asylum, an institute established by the philanthropib Miss. Dix, (after whom the station is named,) and built in 1860, is located upon the hill to the right. Killbuck, Pittsburgh, 9 miles; Chicago, 458 miles. Station for Accommodation trains only, HaySVille, Pittsburgh, 11 miles; Chicago, 457 miles. Sewickley, Pittsburgh 12 miles; Chicago, 455 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation Trains. Mail going West passes at 7:48, A. M.; going East 6:15, P M. Express do do 1:40, P. M.; do 2:29, A. M. Cincinnati Express " " 2:38, P. M., do 7:13, P. M. New Brighton Accommodation leaves going West, 10:03, 12:47, A. M., and 5:28, 7:06, P. M. ; going East, 6:04, 7:27, A. M. and 1:36, 4:00, P. M. This pleasant little town is seen to but little advantage from the depot, as it lies back of the brow of the hill. A large number of beautiful country resi- dences are erected here, by persons doing business in Pittsburgh. EdgeWOrth, Pittsburgh 13 miles; Chicago, 454 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains only. The site of a flourishing Female Seminary is \ mile to the right, surround ed by a large settlement of suburban residences, &c. Lectsdale, Pittsburgh 14 miles; Chicago, 453 miles. Station for Mail and accommodation Trains. From this station a lane leads to the ferry across the Ohio, to Shoustown on the left bank of that river. Economy, Pittsburgh, 17 miles; Chicago, 450 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains only New Brighton Accommodation leaves for Pittsburgh, 6:10, 7,35, A. M. and 1:43, 2:43 P. M. Arrives at Economy from' Pitts- burgh, at 1:04, 10;24, A. M. and 5:49, 7:28, P. M. The station is so called, from the town of Economy, situated on the hill above the station. The town of Economy is inhabited by a peculiar people, WJO hold all property in common, and discourage the intercourse of the sex- es; the married members living as brothers and sisters. The society was orig- inally formed by Mr. George Rapp, who, with his followers, emigrated from ( 52 ) Wirtemberg, in the province of feiwabia, Germany, and arrived in tlie United States in 1803. They first settjed at Harmony, in Butler County, but after- wards removed to Indiana. The climate not agreeing with them, in 1825 they returned to Pennsylvania, and located on the tract of land they still occupy. The society has become very wealthy from the results of their la- bors, notwithstanding several secessions which have taken place from their body. The society still carries on its affairs, in the same manner as when first organized. Baden, Pittsburgh, 20 miles; Chicago, 447 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains only. Hemington*, Pittsburgh, 22 miles; Chicago, 446 miles. (Station for Accommodation trains only. Freedom. Pittsburgh, 24 miles; Chicago 444, miles. iStation for Mail and Accommodation trains only. Rochester. Pittsburgh, 25 miles; Chicago, 442 miles. All Trains stop. Mail leaves going West 8:25 A. M.; East, 5:20 P. M. Express leaves going West, 2:15 A. M.; East, 1:55 P.M. Cm. Express leaves going West, 3:39 A. M.; East, 6:42 P. M. Accommodation leaves for Pittsburgh, 5:10 and 6:42 A. M.; and 12:30 and 3:00, P. M. Packets by Beaver and I^Trie Canal, for New Castle, and other points. Cleveland & Pittsburgh road branches off here to Bellaire. At this point commences a series of small towns, clustered around the mouth of the Beaver river. They are Rochester, Bridgewater, Beaver, Sharon, New Brighton, and Brighton. The first settlement which was made in the neigh- borhood, was by the erection of Fort Mcintosh, in 1778, near the site of Bea- ver. It was a st"ong storkade, with bastions mounting one six-pounder. In 1796, a tavern was opened near the fort, by SamuelJohnson. In 1803, a fur- nace was erected at the Falls, near Brighton, \j Hoopes, Townsend & Co. In 1806, the second paper mill west of the mountain?, was erected on Little Beaver Creek. About 1830 the vast natural Advantages- uf th( Falls of the Reaver, began to attract attention. A number of speculators laiu hold of the sites, and under the impulse of speculative fever, lots were sold at enormous prices, manufactories were erected, hotels and beautiful dwellings were built, a branch of the United States' Bank established, and all went on merrily un- til the bubble burst.Much good, however, was done, and a large population of six or seven thousand persons was drawn around the Falls of the Beaver. Beaver, Pittsburgh, 26 miles; Chicago, 441 miles. Station for Accommodation trains only. ( 53 ) The bridge crosses the Beaver i-iver from this station to Brldgewater and the Borough of Beaver, the county seat of Beaver Co., and the location of two female and one male seminary. Ngw BriglltOIl. Pittsburgh, 29 miles; Chicago, 439 miles. All trains, except night express, stop. Mail going West leaves at 8:36, A. M. Going East, 5:10, A. M, Express, goingWest, leaves 2:02, P. M. Going East, 1:45, P. M. Cin. Express goin^ West, leaves 3:51 A. M. going East 6:36 P. M . Accom'd'n leaves for Pittsb'gh; 5:00, 6:30 A. M., 2:50, 12:20, P. M. Leaves Pitts, for N. Brighton, 9:05,11:50 A. M., 3:50, 4:35 P. M. There are a number of manufactories carried on at this point. A fine female university is located here, and a most excellent public school. The place is quite a popular resort for summer visiters. The society of ihe town is good, e Passengers desiring to go up the Pittsburgh and Erie Canal, can take the packet boats at this point, as well aa,at Rochester. There was a military block- liouse established at this point in 1193. The water power at this place is un- surpassed. Homewood, Pittsburgh, 37 miles; Chicago 430 miles. Flag station for Mail and Accommodation trains. New Gallilee- Pittsburgh, 40 miles; Chicago, 427 miles. Mail and Accommodation only stop. This place is sometimes called Darlington Station, being within two miles of old Darlington, and is the outlet for the business of that town. A railroad six miles in length, owned by the Economite society, proceeds from this point through Darlington to the extensive cannel coal mines belonging to said so- ciety. The first establishment for the manufacture of coal oil, was erected here ; and since its erection some ten or twelve others have been built in the immediate vicinity. This isalso the junction of the New Castle and Nichol- son's Run Railroad, about 14 miles long, yet unfinished. New Galilee owes its oriarin to the railroad, being built up since the road was cor structed. Population, about 200. Enori- Pittsburgh, 45 miles ; Chicago, 422 miles. All Trains stop. This station is 14 miles south of New Castle, the county seat of Lawrence County, for which place stages leave daily. Stages also leave daily for Poland and Youngstown. From Youngstown travelers take the cars on the Cleveland and Mahoning Valley Eailroad to Warren, &c. on to Cleveland. Stages con- nect for New Castle, Mercer, Sharon and Youngstown with Mail and Express trains, going West, and arriving from these points, connect with Chicago Express and Cincinnati Express, East Palestine. Pittsburgh, 50 miles; Chicago, 418 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains. This town was laid out in 1832, and was originally called Mechanicstown. (54 ) New Waterford. Pittsburgh, 54 miles; Chicago, 413 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains. Columbiana. Pittsburgh, 60 miles; Chicago, 407 miles. Flag station for Express. Eegular for Mail and Accom- modotion trains. This thriving town derives its name from Columbiana County, in -which it is located. The county was settled just before the commencement of the pre- sent century, in 1797. The soil is excellent for agricultural purposes, and the tract abounds in coal, iron ore, and limestone. A large amount of business is trnnsacted iu the town, which contains machine shops, foundries and mills, three churches, two hotels, and about 2000 inhabitants. Franklin. Pittsburgh, 66 miles; Chicago, 401 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains. Salem. Pittsburgh, 70 miles; Chicago, 398 miles. All Trains stop. f This flourishing town, which now contains about 4,000 population, was laid out in 1806, by members ofihe society of Friends, who came from Redstone, Pa., [now Brownsville.] The town is lighted with gas, and contains six churches. There are a number of machine shops andfoundries carried on here, and a thriving business is done in most mercantile branches. Stages leave daily for Canfield, Warren, Mecca, and the Oil Regions. Damascus- Pittsburgh, 76 miles; Chicago, 392 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains. A growing town with 350 of a population. Coal and iron banks abound in this neighborhood. Smithfield. Pittsburgh, 78 miles; Chicago, 390 miles. Station for Mail and Accommodation trains. Alliance, Pittsburgh, 83 miles; Chicago, 384 miles. JN^ight Express stops 5 m. Mail, gcjing West, stops 20 m; East, 20 m. Day Expresses stop 20 min. for meals. Trains for Cleveland leave Alliance, 6:35 A. M. and 4:45 P. M. " " Wellsville " " 10:44 " " 3:55 '' This town is situated in Stark County, which was organized in 1809, and was named after General Starke, of revolutionary fame. At this station is a fine dining saloon, where passengers are allowed 20 minutes to dine. There is a large manufactory of agricultural implements carried on at this place. The track of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Railroad crosses at this point, that of the Pitts. Ft. W. & Chicago road. Strasburg. Pittsburgh, 89 miles; Chicago, 378 miles. Mail and Aocommodation stop. This village is settled principally by French and Germans. It is in Stark Co. ( 55 ) * Canton. Pittsburgli, 102 miles; Chicago, 366 miles. All Trains stop. This is the county seat of Stark County. The town was laid out ia 1806. At the present time it has a popuJatioa of about 7,000. There are a number of flouring mills in the vicinity, and two foundries in the town • also two ex- tensive agricultural inaplernent manufactories, giviag en:>ployment to some 500 hands ; seven churches, a magnificent graded pubii<^ school, and a flour- ishing Female Institute. There is here located a brane^. of the State Bank of Ohio, a number ©f fine hotels, mercantile houses, &c Three oewspapers are published, one German and two English, one of the latter bei-ng the oldest newspaper in the state of Ohio. Canton is growing papidly and promises to eclipse all its immediate neighbors* ia wealth, entei prise, numbers, &c. MaSSiUon. Pittsburgh, 109 miles; Chicago, 358 miles. All Trains stop. This bustling town is on« of considerable note. There are ia it three foun- dries, three machine shops, and one very extensive car manufactory, two blast furnaces, two very large agricultural implement manufactories, two large and fine hotels, besides a dozen smaller ones, a newspaper, a baak, seven churches, and many elegant und tasteful private residences. A large amount of wheat is annually shipped from this place. Extensive deposites of coal exist in the vicinity. The railroad croBses the Ohio Canal here. MaseiloQ was laid out in 1828, an4 named for & celebrated French divide. The popuiatioa is 4,000 JjSLWVQUCO' Pittsburgh, 117 miles; Chicago, 351 miles. Station for Mail and Accosimcdation trains. Fairview, Pittsburgh, 121 miles; Chicago, 347 miles. Station for Mail and Aecommodation trains. OrrvillC -t-i-l:'*^iirgh, 124 miles; Chicago, 344 mil^. All trains stop. OrviKe is the junction of th-e Cleveland, Zanesville & Cin. E. R. Trains leave for Akron and Clevelan<5 6.07 A. M. and 2.43 P. M. For Millersburg il.21 P. M. & 6.43 P. M. At this point the Cleveland Zanesville and Cincinnati, Railroad crosses the Pittsburgh, Foct Wayne and Chicago read. The village contains about 500 Inhabitants. Wooster Sumniit PittsWrgh, 129mileb; Chicago, 333 miles. Station for Mail|and Ac<3ommc