Glass i r / ^ o 
 
 Book 3 9 I 
 
Lieut. General William Pefperrell 
 
MAINE AT LOUISBURG 
 
 In 1745 
 
 By HENRT S. BURR AGE, D. D. 
 State Historian 
 
 AUGUSTA 
 
 BURLEIGH & FLTNT 
 
 igio 
 
 WW\1 
 
 lO-'i^'^^"'^ 
 

 D. Of D. 
 
 JUL 5 I9ia 
 
To 
 
 THE GOVERNOR OF MAINE 
 
 HON. BERT M. FERNALD 
 
 GREATLY INTERESTED IN THE PAST 
 
 PRESENT AND FUTURE OF 
 
 HIS NATIVE STATE 
 
PREFACE 
 
 In the making of the Nation, Maine has not received the 
 credit to which she is fairly entitled. While the making was in 
 progress she was a part of Massachusetts, and the services of 
 her sons redounded to the glory of the great mother Common- 
 wealth. But the Lexington alarm awoke the minute men here 
 as well as the minute men of Essex and Middlesex ; and with ' 
 enthusiasm and alacrity they assembled and hurried forth to. 
 take their places in the ranks of the uprising colonists. They 
 were at Bunker Hill and Dorchester Heights, indeed in most of 
 the movements of the continental forces that followed on 
 remoter fields. One of the surprises of our Revolutionary 
 history is the recent discovery in the Massachusetts Revolu- 
 tionary rolls that what is now the State of Maine had in 
 Washington's army at Valley Forge, in the winter of 1777-8, 
 ten hundred and eight officers and men, or about one-tenth of 
 Washington's entire force. In placing in 1907, on the line of 
 Washington's intrenchments at Valley Forge, a granite marker 
 with an inscription in bronze containing a tribute to these Maine: 
 heroes, the Pine Tree";State — the first of all the states next to 
 Pennsylvania to erect a memorial on that scene of privation and 
 suffering — has evinced in a most worthy way her continued 
 patriotic spirit. 
 
 But we have been as neglectful of our history of Maine's 
 part in the Colonial periodjas in that of the Revolution. For 
 example, the fathers of the men from Maine who fought for 
 independence in the Revolution were at Louisburg in 1745 in 
 even larger numbers proportionately — that is when compared 
 
vi Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 with the quotas from other parts of New England — than on the 
 many battlefields of the Revolution from Bunker Hill to York- 
 town. Parkman, in his "Half-Century of Conflict," following 
 doubtless a statement made by Pepperrell,' the commander of 
 the expedition, says : " A full third of the Massachusetts 
 contingent, or more than a thousand men, are reported to have 
 come from the hardy population of Maine, whose entire fighting 
 force, as shown by the muster rolls, was then but 2855."^ 
 
 Maine's part at Louisburg in 1745, therefore, was a most 
 distinguished one. It is a matter for regret that, in the 
 absence of official rolls, it is not now possible to present a 
 complete list of the men who served in the three Maine 
 regiments in that memorable campaign. Only a few names of 
 those who served in Waldo's regiment have come down to us ; 
 but the names of men who served in Pepperrell's and Moulton's 
 regiments, brought together in this volume from various 
 sources, furnish abundant evidence that the estimate above 
 mentioned is a correct one. 
 
 We have been too neglectful of our State history. The 
 Maine Historical Society, with limited financial resources, has 
 done a most valuable service in collecting historical data, and in 
 publishing the same. The Society has received needed financial 
 encouragement from the State. It is worthy of added encour- 
 agement. But Maine will not discharge her just obligations 
 to the past until on her part proper attention is paid to the 
 work of collecting the materials of her history in the colonial 
 period, also in the period of her statehood, and to the care and 
 preservation of her archives. 
 
 ' See note on page 21, 
 ^ Vol. 2, p. 99. 
 
Preface vii 
 
 In my attempt in the following pages to call attention to 
 the part Maine had in the Louisburg expedition in 1745, I am 
 especially indebted to the source-books concerning Cape Breton 
 and the capture of Louisburg at that time, which are mentioned 
 in the appendix and are found in the John Carter Brown 
 Library, Brown University ; the Massachusetts Historical 
 Society Library (including its valuable collection of " Pepperrell 
 Papers"); the library of the American Antiquarian Society, 
 Worcester, Mass.; the Boston City Library; the Maine State 
 Library ; and the library of the Maine Historical Society in 
 Portland. Some of these source-books I have been able to add- 
 to the State Library from funds placed at my disposal by the 
 Legislature of 1909, and others should be added as opportunity 
 offers. 
 
 The portrait of Sir William Pepperrell, of which the 
 frontispiece is a half-tone reproduction, was painted recently 
 by Mr. Joseph B. Cahill for Henry Deering, Esq., of Portland, 
 Maine, who presented it to the Maine Historical Society. It is 
 taken partly from the Pepperrell portrait in the Essex Institute, 
 and partly from engravings of Sir William. I am indebted to 
 Mr. Deering for the excellent photograph used in the prepara- 
 tion of the frontispiece. The portrait of Sir William Pepperrell 
 in the State House in Augusta was placed there near the close 
 of 1862, and was a gift to the State by Mr. S. Brannan of San 
 Francisco, California, a native of Maine. It is a copy of a 
 portrait by John Smibert or Smybert, a Scotch painter, who 
 accompanied Dean Berkeley to America in 1728, and settled in 
 Boston, where he died in 175 1. He painted portraits of many 
 of the prominent men of his time in New England. The copy 
 of his portrait of Sir William Pepperrell in the State House in 
 Augusta was made from the portrait in the Portsmouth 
 
viii Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 Atheneum, Portsmouth, N. H. Mr. Brannan, for his valuable 
 gift, received the thanks of the Maine Legislature in a resolve 
 approved by the Governor February i6, 1863. 
 
 The illustrations, Louisburg in 1745, and Siege of Louis- 
 burg in 1745, are taken from Parkman's "Half-Century of 
 Conflict," published by Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 
 whose permission for their use in this volume is gratefully 
 acknowledged. 
 
 It may be stated that the substance of the following 
 account of Maine's part in the Louisburg expedition of 1745 
 has been presented at a meeting of the Maine Society of 
 Colonial Wars, at a meeting of the Maine Historical Society 
 and at a meeting of the National Society of Colonial Dames in 
 the State of Maine. 
 
 H. S. B. 
 
 Togus, Maine. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 PAGB 
 
 I. Maine at Louisburg in 1745, i' 
 
 II. Ascertainable Lists of Officers and Men From 
 
 Maine Who Were at Louisburg in 1745, - - 55 
 
 III. Correspondence, 89 
 
 IV. Officiai, Reports, &c., - 103 
 
 V. Important Sources of Information, ... 113 
 
 VI. Index to Lists of Officers and Men, ... 129 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 IjEUT. Generai. Wili-iam PeppERREI^L, - - Frontispiece 
 
 Map of Cape Breton, i 
 
 LouiSBURG IN 1745, .--- 5 
 
 Siege of Louisburg in 1745, 27 
 
 The King's Bastion as it Appears Today, . - . 33- 
 Entrance to the Harbor ; Isi^and Battery on the Left 
 
 AND Green Island on the Right, .... 34 
 
 Part of Magazine Recently Uncovered, . - - 42 
 
 The Pepperrell Mansion at Kittery, 51 
 
 Brass Mortar and Pestle Brought from Louisburg by 
 
 Morris O'Brien, 52 
 
 Monument at Louisburg Krected in 1895 by the Society 
 
 OF Colonial Wars, 54 
 
MAINE AT LOUISBURG IN 1745. 
 
 During the sixteenth century French discoverers and 
 explorers were busy on this side of the sea. Early in the century 
 they planted their national colors upon the banks of the St. 
 Lawrence, and later, proceeding westward, establishing a chain 
 of forts south of the Great Lakes and along the banks of the 
 Ohio and the Mississippi to its mouth, they indicated their 
 purpose to seize and to hold this vast virgin territory, and to 
 found upon it a New France, which under favorable conditions, 
 and upon a broader field, should maintain the traditions and 
 glories of the mother country. 
 
 But already the attention of English discoverers and 
 explorers had been directed hither ; and in the sixteenth century 
 there were attempts at English colonization upon the Atlantic 
 shores of the new world. If in these attempts there were dis- 
 appointments and defeats, effort was not abandoned ; and early 
 in the seventeenth century English colonies obtained a firm 
 foothold on the seaboard, making it evident that England as 
 well as France had purposes with reference to the American 
 continent — that here was a field for grand tactics, with the 
 issue whether in this broad domain England or France should 
 be supreme. 
 
 In the unfolding of events. Cape Breton, an island guard- 
 ing the approaches to the St. Lawrence, was for awhile, in the 
 early part of the seventeenth century, in the possession of 
 English colonists; but in 1632, by treaty, it was restored to 
 France. In 1710, with the fall of Port Royal, which was taken 
 by New England troops and renamed Annapolis, Cape Breton 
 
2 Maine at Lotiisburg i?i 1^45 
 
 again became British territory, as did the rest of Acadia of 
 which it was a part. The island remained an English pos- 
 session, however, only until the treaty of Utrecht in 171 3, 
 when what is now Nova Scotia was ceded to Great Britain, 
 France retaining the island of Cape Breton, renamed Isle 
 Royale. In order to make secure the possession of the 
 island — all that now remained of her Atlantic possessions — 
 France forthwith proceeded to fortify English Harbor, giving it 
 a new name, Louisburg, in honor of the French monarch, 
 Louis XIV. 
 
 A glance at the map will show how important in defense 
 of French interests along the St. Lawrence was the posses- 
 sion of the island of Cape Breton. Separated from the main 
 land by a narrow strait, it has the appearance of an 
 extension of Nova Scotia into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. In 
 fact the French name, Acadia, covered both Nova Scotia and 
 Cape Breton. A fortified seaport on the ocean front of the 
 island would furnish a position from which easily French war- 
 vessels could sally forth to intercept England's communication 
 with her colonies on the American coast, or to fall upon them 
 in any movement for their weakening or extermination. It 
 would also serve as a protection to French fishing interests on 
 the American coast. ' 
 
 ' Those interests were very great. It was estimated that the 
 French fisheries on the" American coast at that time gave employment to 
 27,500 men and 564 vessels, and that the value of the annual product 
 amounted to a million sterling." Importance and Advantage of Cape 
 Breton, pp. 90, 91. Referring to the importance of securing and hold- 
 ing Cape Breton, Rev. Thomas Prince, pastor of the South Church, 
 Boston, in a sermon "on the General Thanksgiving, July 18, I745>" 
 said : "It abounds in the best of pit coal in America ; and so near the 
 surface of the earth and coast of the sea as to be very easily dug and put 
 
Maine at Louisburg in I'J4S 3 
 
 Such a fortified seaport Louisburg became. Thither were 
 brought settlers from Placentia, the seat of the French colony 
 in Newfoundland; and elaborate works were planned by 
 French engineers, who sought to make it, what France 
 designed it to be, the strongest fortress in America. 
 
 It is a matter of surprise that England, by the treaty of 
 Utrecht, should have consented to part with a possession, 
 whose value to English interests on the Atlantic coast was as 
 e:reat as it was to French interests on the banks of the St. 
 Lawrence. ' The explanation of this piece of diplomatic folly 
 is doubtless to be found in a lack of intelligent interest in" 
 American affairs in English administrative circles at that 
 time— a lack that was manifested on other occasions later, 
 
 in vessels. Yea, from 1703, Lahontan had told us of the French ships 
 loading with and carrying the same to Guadalupe and Martineco, for 
 the refining of sugars, to their great advantage. And its commodious 
 harbors ; with its happy situation in the center of our fishery, at the 
 entrance of the bay and river of Canada, and in the wake of all the 
 trade from Europe to the British colonies on the main land of America, 
 and both from them and our West India Islands to Europe ; rendered 
 the place of such vast importance— that I remember while in England, 
 when we came to know the Tory ministry had by the treaty of Utrecht 
 in 1713 resigned it to the French ; all true hearted Britons, who knew 
 the circumstance of the island, most grievously lamented the resigna- 
 tion, as full of teeming mischief to the British trade, wealth and 
 power, and as one of the most fatal acts of that unhappy ministry." 
 London edition of 1746, pp. 16, 17. 
 
 'See "The Importance and Advantage of Cape Breton." There 
 was not only a large profit from the fisheries employing men and ships, 
 but the fisheries were a nursery as it were for British seamen "to the 
 immense interest and profit of the nation:" pp. 90, 91- There was 
 every reason why England should have retained its hold on Cape 
 Breton. From this point of view the London Courant of September 4, 
 1745, referring to the capture of Louisburg, said: "The next step to 
 be taken to make any conquest lasting, secure and valuable, is to 
 drive the French from Canada." 
 
4 Maine at Louis burg in 1^45 
 
 weakening the ties that bound the colonists to the land of 
 their fathers, and which at length led to the struggle for 
 independence that ended in the establishment of a new 
 nation, "conceived in liberty," but based on English laws and 
 animated by the English spirit. 
 
 Some time naturally elapsed before a beginning could be 
 made upon the fortifications of Louisburg. In an account of 
 these fortifications by most writers the view is expressed that 
 while temporary works were constructed soon after Cape 
 Breton again came into the possession of France, the more elab- 
 orate fortifications, for which time for plan-making would be 
 required, were not commenced until 1720; and an appeal is 
 made to a medal, bearing that date, which was struck in honor 
 of the founding of Louisburg. By others, however, it is thought 
 that the construction of at least parts of the defenses was in 
 progress not later than 171 5, inasmuch as official reports of that 
 date make mention of fortifications, and of the work already 
 accomplished.' In 1728, de Brouillon, who was in command at 
 Louisburg, reported to the Minister of Marine that the works 
 defending the place were almost finished, and in 1733 he 
 announced their completion. Of course, added work was 
 necessary from time to time, either on account of changes or 
 repairs ; but the construction work had been done, and 
 Louisburg was regarded by its defenders as not subject to 
 successful assault by land or sea. The cost of the fortifica- 
 tions is said to have been not less than six million dollars. 
 
 The town occupied a triangular piece of ground con- 
 taining about one hundred acres between the southern part of 
 the harbor and the sea. A walk around the inclosing works 
 
 ' Coll. of the Nova Scotia Hist. Soc, Vol. 9, p. 154. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in I'J45 5 
 
 measured about two miles. On the landward side, at the base 
 of the triangle, there was a ditch eighty feet wide. In the 
 works at this part of the line were "two bastions, the King's 
 and the Queen's, and two demi-bastions, one of which, called 
 the Dauphin's, was at the extreme north-west end of the line 
 and close to the harbor; at this point also was the West Gate 
 (leading out into the country), and the Circular Battery (armed 
 with sixteen 24 pounders) which covered West Gate." The 
 other demi-bastion, the Princess', was at the sea end of this 
 line. In the rear of the King's bastion was the Citadel, a 
 massive stone building, the headquarters of the garrison. 
 "The lines of defence which ran parallel to the harbor and to 
 the sea were of lighter construction — a wall of masonry with 
 banquette ; but the short, north-eastern face of the fortress was 
 of the more massive and elaborate type. The north-east 
 corner of the town had no wall or defensive works for a space 
 of about two hundred yards; but it was protected from attack 
 by a large pond, which extended along its front. A somewhat 
 similar gap existed on the sea face, between the Princess' and 
 Brouillon bastions, a palisade and ditch being the sole 
 defenses ; but in front, shoals, rocky islands, and a continuous 
 heavy surf formed an effectual barrier against hostile attack 
 from this quarter." ' An island at the mouth of the harbor was 
 strongly fortified, while on the main land, opposite the Island 
 Battery, and commanding the entrance to the harbor, was 
 another strong work known as the Royal Battery, containing 
 twenty-eight 42 pounders and two 18 pounders. There were 
 embrasures in the works for one hundred and forty-eight can- 
 non, but at the time of the siege only about one-half of the 
 
 'Collections of the Nova Scotia Hist. Soc, Vol. 9, pp. 153, 154. 
 
6 Maine at Louisburg in iy4S 
 
 number were in position. The garrison in 1745 numbered 
 about two thousand regulars and mihtia. ' The population of 
 the town was about four thousand. 
 
 The British ministry was early made acquainted with the 
 menace to British interests upon the American coast which 
 Louisburg, thus strongly fortified, continually constituted. In 
 1 74 1, Lieut. Governor Clarke, of the province of New York, 
 wrote to the Duke of Newcastle a letter suggesting how the 
 French might be dispossessed "of the footing they have got on 
 the back of all the English colonies on this continent." In 
 this letter he said : 
 
 "The harbor of Louisbourg at Breton is strongly fortified 
 and the entrance defended by a Battery of fifty guns; there is 
 depth of water sufficient for the biggest ships, and the harbor 
 is capable of containing a very large fleet; its situation gives 
 them all the advantages they can wish for, it secures their own 
 navigation to Quebec, and gives them but too great opportuni- 
 ties to annoy and interrupt our fishery; in the winter they 
 have few men upon the island except their garrisons, but are 
 secured by the cold, the snow and ice. In summer they are 
 strengthened by the great numbers of men employed in their 
 fishery; the only time therefore to attempt with most advan- 
 tage the taking of the place will be at the breaking up of the 
 winter, and before their ships come from France, and this may 
 be done; for if his Majesty's ships to be appointed for that 
 
 ' others give the number as 1800. See Coll. Nova Scotia Hist. Soc, 
 Vol. 9, p. 158. But the number of regulars and militia transported to 
 France after the surrender was 1^60. It is claimed that the garrison, at 
 the time of Pepperrell's approach, was in a state of discontent occa- 
 sioned by the non-payment of money due for labor performed, the 
 money being withheld by rapacious officers. 
 
Maine at Loidsburg in I'J45 7 
 
 service winter at Boston, they may block up the harbor 
 of Louisbourg before any ships from France can arrive there, 
 and his Majesty's troops may land when the least opposition 
 can be given them, and for this expedition I am persuaded that 
 four or five thousand men may be raised in New England, if 
 the officers, as they were for the expedition against the 
 Spaniards, be appointed in these provinces, but then I presume 
 it will be necessary they be disciplined before they embark, so 
 that if the orders and commissions be sent over the summer 
 before, and a sufficient number of subalterns to teach them 
 their exercise, they may before the ensuing spring be fit for 
 service; but I presume some veterans from England will be 
 absolutely necessary to join the Americans, under the command 
 of an experienced General. If we take Cape Breton and have 
 constantly there and at Placentia, in those months wherein 
 those seas are navigable, a sufficient number of ships of war to 
 guard our fishery, they may intercept the French ships bound, 
 to or from Canada, and thereby reduce that country to great 
 necessity, and their communication with Mississippi being cut 
 off by the means proposed that country will become an easier 
 conquest." ■ 
 
 Again, in 1743, Lieut. Governor Clarke, in a report to the 
 home government, called attention to the importance of taking 
 Cape Breton from the French. He said: 
 
 "If ever it be thought advisable to attempt again to take 
 Canada, the dispossessing the French of their mastery on the 
 Lake and of the fort at Crown Point, will greatly facilitate the 
 enterprise, but before we begin the work, I presume to think 
 we ought to take Cape Breton, a place well fortified, and from 
 
 ' Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New 
 York, Vol. 6, pp. 183, 184. 
 
8 Maine at Louis burg iu IT 45 
 
 whence the French can annoy our fishery at Newfoundland 
 and guard their own navigation to and from Canada. That 
 place is such a thorn in the sides of the New England people, 
 that it's very probable a large body of men may be raised there 
 to assist in any such design. And if proper officers are sent 
 from England in the summer to exercise them, they may by 
 the ensuing spring be well disciplined, as all their youth are 
 expert in the use of fire arms from the unrestrained liberty of 
 fowling, which obtains in all the provinces ; and I conceive the 
 spring is the most proper season to attack the place before the 
 men-of-war and fishing vessels come from France, for in the 
 winter they have few men except the garrisons, and Boston 
 being a proper port for our fleet to harbor in the winter, we 
 may block up the harbor of Breton before the ships from 
 France can come upon the coast." ' 
 
 These communications indicate the forebodings existing in 
 the minds of the English colonists on the Atlantic seaboard. 
 But especially was there alarm among the New England 
 colonists when, near the close of 1743, there were rumors of 
 the probability of a rupture between Great Britain and France. 
 In a letter dated October 10, 1743, Governor Shirley of Massa- 
 chusetts called the attention of Colonel William Pepperrell, in 
 command of the York County regiment, to the danger of such 
 a rupture as announced in advices he had received from 
 England, and directed him to communicate this intelligence to 
 the exposed towns and settlements. Pepperrell sent a copy of 
 the Governor's letter to all the captains in his command, and 
 in doing this he added: "I hope that He who gave us breath 
 will give us the courage and prudence to behave ourselves like 
 true-born Englishmen." 
 
 ' Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New 
 York, Vol. 6, p. 229. 
 
Maine at Loiiisburg in IJ45 9 
 
 An illustration of the attention given by thoughtful minds 
 in New England at this time to the importance of taking Cape 
 Breton from the French is furnished in a small pamphlet 
 printed in London in July, 1745, but which was ready for pub- 
 lication April 9, 1744. It was prepared by Robert Auchmuty, 
 of Roxbury, Mass., a judge of the Admiralty Court for Massa- 
 chusetts and New Hampshire, who was in England at the time 
 on a visit, and availed himself of an opportunity for impressing 
 upon people there the views which he and doubtless many 
 others held concerning the capture of this island and its strong- 
 hold, Louisburg. His pamphlet was entitled "The Importance 
 of Cape Breton to the British Nation — Humbly represented by 
 Robert Auckmuty [sic] Judge, &c., in New England. N. B. 
 Upon the plan laid down in this representation the island was 
 taken by Commodore Warren and General Pepperrell the 14th 
 of June, 1745. London, 1745." A copy of this pamphlet is in 
 the Library of Harvard University, and it was also printed in 
 the Gentleman s Magazine for July, 1746. It has been 
 reprinted in the Mass. Hist. Soc. Colls., First Series, Vol. 5, pp. 
 202-205. Auchmuty was of Scotch descent, settled in Boston 
 early in the i8th century, was made judge of the Admiralty 
 Court in 1733, and died in Boston, in April, 1750. 
 
 France, however, did not declare war until March 15, 1744 
 (N. S.), and Great Britain followed March 29, 1744 (O. S.), 
 being April 9, 1744 (N. S.). An early notice of the declaration of 
 war on the part of France was sent to the commanding officer 
 at Louisburg, who at once organized an expedition, which 
 sailed May 12th for Canso, near the entrance to the strait of 
 Canso, and the nearest British post. The garrison at Canso, 
 unprepared for such a movement, surrendered and the prison- 
 ers were taken to Louisburg. Later, an attempt was made by 
 
10 Maine at Loiiisburg in 1^45 
 
 the French to take possession of Annapolis, but Governor 
 Shirley succeeded in throwing a strong reinforcement into the 
 place. Some say that this hurried activity on the part of the 
 commanding officer at Louisburg was not inspired by the home 
 government; in fact it is stated that when orders at length 
 were received from France, they were to the effect that no 
 such movement should be undertaken. Certainly the result 
 was harmful to French interests. The prisoners taken at 
 Canso and carried to Louisburg were released in the autumn 
 of 1744 and sent to Boston. From observation during their 
 stay they brought with them much information concerning the 
 place, its defenses, the strength of its garrison, &c. 
 
 This information was eagerly welcomed by Governor 
 Shirley. What was said concerning the weakness of the 
 French garrison, and the favorable opportunity which present 
 conditions afforded for a strong, vigorous attack upon the 
 French stronghold in the early spring, before reinforcements 
 could reach Louisburg, deeply impressed him. It impressed 
 others also in various parts of the colony as the released prison- 
 ers made their way to their homes. The importance of taking 
 Louisburg from the French became the chief topic of interest 
 at the fireside and wherever men assembled in the various 
 relations of life.' In November, Governor Shirley sent Colonel 
 
 ' Parkman, who finds in the capture of Canso garrison the imme- 
 diate incitement to the Louisburg expedition, attributes, "the wildly 
 audacious project to some heated brains." Such doubtless there were, 
 but the uprising in New England at that time was not unlike that 
 which was witnessed in New England, and indeed throughout the 
 North, at the opening of the Civil War. No one would think of attrib- 
 uting that remarkable spectacle in April, 1861, to "heated brains." As 
 has been shown, the Governor of New York had for some time busied 
 himself with the problem of taking Louisburg. So had many other 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 ^^ 
 
 Pepperrell to the Penobscot Indians for a consultation that 
 should test their fidelity to the English colonists in time of 
 war and secure their cooperation in accordance with their 
 treaty obligations. He also took an early opportunity to 
 bring the imperilled situation of the New England colonists to 
 the attention of the British ministry, sending his communication 
 by the hands of Captain Royal, an officer of the captured gar- 
 rison at Canso, who "from his particular knowledge of Louis- 
 burg," as Governor Shirley wrote to Governor Wentworth of 
 New Hampshire, November lo, 1744, "and of the great 
 consequence of the acquisition of Cape Breton, and the preser- 
 vation of Nova Scotia," he hoped would be of considerable 
 service to the northern colonies, with the Lords of the 
 Admiralty. After the conference with the Penobscot Indians, 
 Governor Shirley also took up the matter with Colonel Pepper- 
 rell, whose business interests made him familiar with all 
 questions concerning affairs at the eastward. Pepperrell's 
 report strengthened the governor's growing convictions. 
 
 Especially were these convictions strengthened by repre- 
 sentations made to Governor Shirley by Captain William 
 Vaughan of Damariscotta. Captain Vaughan was a son of 
 Lieutenant Governor Vaughan of New Hampshire, but had 
 long been prominent in business affairs in Maine. As early as 
 1728, he established a fishing and trading station at Matinicus. 
 Later he erected lumber mills at Damariscotta. Belknap says 
 of him, ' "He was a man of good understanding, but of daring, 
 enterprising and tenacious mind, and one who thought of 
 
 thoughtful men, who had come to the conviction that Louisburg, as a 
 stronghold of France, was a perpetual menace to British interests. 
 Atlantic Monthly, 1891, p. 316. 
 
 ' History of New Hampshire, p. 269. 
 
12 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 no obstacles to the accomplishment of his views. . . . 
 Vaughan had not been at Louisburg, but had learned from fish- 
 ermen and others something of the strength and situation of 
 the place; and nothing being in his view impracticable, which 
 he had a mind to accomplish, he conceived a design to take the 
 city by surprise; and even proposed going over the walls in the 
 winter on the drifts of snow. This idea of a surprisal forcibly 
 struck the mind of Shirley, and prevailed with him to hasten 
 his preparations before he could have any answer or orders 
 from England." Parsons,' on the other hand, says, "Gov- 
 ernor Shirley conceived the idea of taking the city by surprise. 
 . . . Vaughan of New Hampshire, a man of sanguine 
 temperament and daring enterprise, assisted in collecting infor- 
 mation and urged the expedition." It is not now possible to 
 settle definitely the question whether Vaughan, or Shirley, or 
 some other person, proposed the taking of Louisburg by sur- 
 prise. It seems probable, however, that the initial impulse 
 came from Vaughan, and that this was all that was needed to 
 stir the governor to immediate activity in the endeavor to 
 execute the proposed plan.^ 
 
 No mention of taking Louisburg by surprise was men- 
 tioned by Governor Shirley when he first called the attention 
 of the General Court to the importance of capturing Louis- 
 burg. This first communication was made in a message trans- 
 
 ' Life of Sir William Pepperrell, p. 48. 
 
 ^ March 2;^, 1745, Gov. Shirley wrote to Gen. Pepperrell: "I 
 desire you would let Mr. Vaughan, who goes a volunteer to Cape Breton 
 in this expedition, and has been very instrumental in promoting it, 
 both within this and the neighboring provinces, and has the success of 
 it much at heart, assist in your councils, and I do appoint him to be one 
 of it. Your countenance and protection of him, also, so far as is 
 proper, I shall esteem a favor." 
 
Maine at Lotiisbnrg in 1^45 I3 
 
 mitted January 9, 1745, and which was read after the members 
 had taken an oath of secrecy. In the message the Governor 
 referred to the advantages that would result from a successful 
 movement against Louisburg, and to the favorable opportunity 
 that seemed to offer for the enterprise. He was of the opinion 
 that two thousand men would furnish a force ample for the 
 undertaking, and he urged the General Court to make a suit- 
 able provision for the expenses of the expedition. 
 
 A committee of the House and Council was appointed to 
 take the message into consideration. In their reply on 
 January 12, the members of this committee replied that while 
 they were sensible of the importance of such an expedition as 
 was proposed, they were convinced that the province could not 
 provide the necessary sea and land forces for such an under- 
 taking; and they suggested that the Governor should appeal 
 to the King, and seek to enlist his "compassionate regards," 
 while at the same time offering such assistance as the province 
 was able to render. 
 
 But this did not end the matter with Governor Shirley. 
 His endeavor to withhold the message from the general public 
 failed, a member of the General Court, in the fervency of his 
 private supplication for Divine guidance in the matter, was so 
 loud in his appeal as to be overheard, and the secret was out. 
 Soon public interest was manifested. Those not members 
 of the General Court insisted upon being heard, and January 
 19, Governor Shirley sent a second message to the House call- 
 ing attention to a petition of Benjamin Marston and others of 
 Marblehead in favor of the proposed expedition; and a com- 
 mittee was appointed to consider the message and petition and 
 to hear any gentlemen "upon this affair." 
 
 Four days later Governor Shirley sent to the General 
 
14 Maine at Loiiisbttrg in l'J4S 
 
 Court a third message with reference to the proposed expedi- 
 tion. In this message he increased to three thousand the force 
 he deemed necessary for the reduction of the French strong- 
 hold ; and such a force he regarded adequate even though the 
 attempt to take the place by surprise should fail. Help in the 
 undertaking he was confident could be obtained from England, 
 and from the British squadron in American waters, and he 
 promised to use his best efforts in securing such help. For 
 the encouragement of enlistments he suggested "some reason- 
 able pay or bounty." He would also seek to obtain the assist- 
 ance of the adjacent provinces of New York, New Hampshire, 
 Connecticut and Rhode Island, whose interest and welfare 
 were identical with the interest and welfare of Massachusetts. 
 On the same day a petition in favor of the proposed expe- 
 dition was received from a large number of merchants and 
 others, inhabitants of the town of Boston. William Pepperrell 
 and Samuel Waldo were made members of the committee to 
 which the message and petition presented on the 19th and 
 these additional documents were referred. At a meeting of the 
 Council January 25, Pepperrell presented the report of the 
 committee. Two of the prisoners taken at Canso had been 
 before the committee, also men who had been at Louisburg as 
 traders and were familiar with the conditions there. Their 
 testimony was to the effect that the garrison at Louisburg con- 
 sisted of about one thousand fighting men of whom only five or 
 six hundred were regular troops; that their stock of provisions 
 was low, and that there were no formidable war vessels in the 
 harbor. ' The members of the committee, therefore, were 
 
 ' After the surrender of L/Ouisburg, Rev. Jonathan Edwards of 
 Northampton wrote to a friend in Scotland : "The state of the place was 
 
Maine at Lojiisbtirg in IJ4S I5 
 
 of the opinion that the present favorable opportunity for 
 the proposed expedition should be embraced, and it was 
 recommended that the Governor by proclamation should 
 call for the enlistment of three thousand volunteers; that war- 
 like stores and provisions should be procured, also transports 
 which should be ready to sail by the beginning of March ; and that 
 a suitable naval force should be provided as a convoy to the 
 expedition. The governments of New York, the Jerseys, 
 Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Rhode Island 
 were to be asked to furnish their quotas of men and vessels, "to 
 accompany and follow the force of this province." 
 
 Dr. Belknap says that " the address of the Governor and 
 the invincible perseverance of Vaughan" secured the adoption 
 of the report, though only by a majority of one, and in the 
 absence of several members who were known to be opposed to 
 the expedition. Circular letters were at once addressed to the 
 colonial governments mentioned in the committee's report, j 
 
 strangely concealed from us, which if it had been known, would have 
 effectually prevented the design. We seemed to be under great 
 advantages to be informed ; for we had many that very lately had been 
 prisoners there, and others that had traded, and been very conversant 
 there, and some that had dwelt there a considerable time, and our Gov- 
 ernor and General Assembly were very diligent in making inquiry, and 
 all seemed to be well satisfied that we had full information ; and yet 
 the representations that were relied upon as true were exceedingly 
 wrong. It was unaccountable that so many, that had been conversant 
 there, should be kept in such ignorance. If one -half of the strength of 
 the place had been known, the expedition had never been thought of; 
 or if they had imagined the number of soldiers and inhabitants there, or 
 if the expensiveness of the undertaking had been conceived of, it 
 never would have been meddled with; for it soon abundantly 
 exceeded the expectations of our General Assembly. ' ' Christian History, 
 Edinburgh, 1745. From a copy in Congregational Library in Boston. 
 
 ly' 
 
1 6 Maine at Lo^nsbiirg in 1^4$ 
 
 Vaughan being made the bearer of the letter to the New- 
 Hampshire governor. ' 
 
 Preparations for the expedition were now hurriedly under- 
 taken. Governor Shirley well understood the importance of 
 immediate attention not only to the work of enlistment, but of 
 collecting military stores and vessels for the transportation of 
 troops. The command of the expedition was given to Colonel 
 William Pepperrell ^ of Kittery, who had long been identified 
 with the militia of the province. He was a captain of cavalry 
 at the age of twenty-one. Subsequently he held commissions 
 as Major and Lieutenant Colonel of the York County regiment 
 of infantry, and this position he held in 1745. But he had had 
 no experience in actual warfare, nor had the province in its ser- 
 vice one who had developed marked military ability in field 
 operations. Pepperrell, however, as president of the Council, 
 had been in close touch with Governor Shirley in all matters 
 
 ' New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Connecticut responded 
 favorably. Governor Clinton of New York urged the General Assembly 
 to take an active part in the Louisburg enterprise, but when he found 
 that its members were not inclined to render any assistance in men and 
 to furnish but a trifle in money, he dissolved the Assembly in the hope 
 that another Assembly would show a different spirit. Meanwhile he 
 sent ten 18 pounders, to Boston, and later, when he was informed by 
 Governor Shirley that the troops were greatly in want of provisions, he 
 set on foot a subscription and raised £2000, toward which he con- 
 tributed liberally himself. Afterwards he purchased powder and cloth- 
 ing, expending £2900 additional. From the later Assembly he obtained 
 £5000. See Documents Relating to the Colonial History of New York, 
 Vol. 6, pp. 274, 275, 284, 285. The New Jersey Assembly voted £2000 
 toward the expedition, and the Penns3'lvania Assembly voted £4000 
 currency for the purchase of provisions. 
 
 ^Colonel Pepperrell was born iii Kittery, June 27, 1696. His father 
 was a native of Ravistock Parish, near Plymouth, in Wales. He emi- 
 grated at the age of twenty-two, and came to the Isle of Shoals. After 
 residing there four or five years, he removed to Kittery Point, where he 
 died in 1734. 
 
Maine at Lo? as burg in 1^45 ^7 
 
 that had arisen because of the war with France, he possessed 
 energy and good judgment, a winsome personality, and above all 
 a character that commanded the highest respect. He had been 
 found faithful in all other positions of honor and influence; and 
 it was believed that those who were ready to enlist in an enter- 
 prise of so much importance to the general welfare would do 
 so even more enthusiastically under the leadership of one so 
 worthy of confidence and even affection as was Colonel 
 William Pepperrell. At first, however, Peppcrrell hesitated 
 to accept the appointment,' but Governor Shirley urged the 
 claims of duty and loyalty with so much persuasiveness as to 
 overcome all objections. "His patriotism now shone out with 
 great lustre, for nothing but a zeal for his country's good could 
 have carried him from the scenes of domestic enjoyment, and 
 extensive and lucrative business, to the fatigues of a camp and 
 the risks of certain conflict, with doubtful result." - At 
 the time of his appointment Pepperrell was in his forty- 
 ninth year. His rank was that of Lieutenant General.^ 
 
 '"Before Pepperrell accepted the couiuiaud, lie asked the opinion 
 of the famous George Whitetield, who was itinerating and preaching iu 
 New England. Whitelield told him that he did not think the scheme 
 very promising; that the eyes of all would be on him; that if it should 
 not succeed, the widows and orphans of the slain would reproach him; 
 and if it should succeed, many would regard him with envy, and en- 
 deavor to eclipse his glory; that he ought therefore to go with 'a single 
 eye,' and then he would find his strength pi-oportioned to his necessity. 
 Henry Sherburne, the commissary of New Hampshire, another of 
 Whitefield's friends, pressed him to favor the expedition and give a 
 motto for the flag; to which, after some hesitation, he consented. 
 The motto was, 'Nil desperaudum Christo duce.'" Belknap's History 
 of New Hampshire, p. 272. 
 
 * Parsons' Life of Sir William Pepperrell, p. 51. 
 
 ^ Pepperrell received three commissions as Lieutenant General, 
 that is one from each of the three provinces, Massachusetts, New Hamp- 
 shire and Connecticut. 
 
i8 
 
 Maine at Louis burg in 1^4^ 
 
 Roger Wolcott ' of Connecticut was made second in command, 
 with the rank of Major General, and Samuel Waldo,^ then a 
 representative of Falmouth in the General Court, and Colonel 
 of the eastern Yorkshire regiment, was made third in com- 
 mand, with the rank of Brigadier General. 
 
 Recruiting for the expedition began at an early day. 
 Three regiments were asked for from that part of the province 
 that is now known as the State of Maine. In 1744 the militia 
 enrollment in this territory was as follows: 3 
 
 450 men In Scarborough 160 men 
 
 350 men In Falmouth 500 men 
 
 250 men In North Yarmouth 150 men 
 
 95 men In Brunswick 50 men 
 
 120 men In Narraganset No. i 20 men 
 
 150 men In New Marblehead 40 men 
 150 men In Georges and Broad Bay 270 men 
 
 In Pemaquid 50 men 
 
 Pepperrell'sRegt. 1565 In Sheepscot 50 men 
 
 In Kittery 
 In York 
 In Wells 
 In Arundel 
 In Biddeford 
 In Berwick 
 In Phillipstown 
 
 Both regiments 2855 Waldo's Regt. 
 
 1290 
 
 ' He was afterward Chief Justice of Connecticut and Governor of 
 that province from 1751 to 1754. He died May 13, 1767, in the 89th 
 year of his age. Waldo originally was designated as second in command, 
 but Connecticut, on account of its participation in the expedition, was 
 given the second place. 
 
 ^ General Waldo was born in England in 1696, and came to this 
 country when he was four years old. His father, Jonathan Waldo, set- 
 tled in Boston, where he died in 1730. Like his father, Samuel became 
 a prosperous business man. Later, he became largely interested in 
 lands in Maine, especially in what was afterwards known as the Waldo 
 patent. In developing his land interests he brought to this country 
 Scotch-Irish and German emigrants. May 23, 1759, while exploring 
 the eastern banks of the Penobscot above Bangor, he died suddenly of 
 apoplexy, and was buried at Fort Point at the mouth of the river ; but 
 subsequently the body was removed to Boston and buried in King's 
 Chapel cemetery. 
 
 ^Georgetown, which is omitted, is supposed to have had about one 
 hundred men able to bear arms. 
 
Maine at Loiiisbiirg in I'J45 I9 
 
 The three eastern regiments in the Louisburg expedition 
 were known as Pepperrell's, Waldo's and Moulton's, Pepperrell 
 and Waldo having only a nominal relation to the regiments 
 bearing their names. To Lieutenant Colonel John Bradstreet 
 of Massachusetts was given the command of Pepperrell's 
 regiment, and the command of Waldo's regiment was given to 
 Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Noble of Georgetown. Colonel 
 Jeremiah Moulton of York, who commanded the third Maine 
 regiment, had seen hard fighting in the Indian Wars, and was 
 with Captain Johnson Harmon at the destruction of the 
 Indian village at Norridgewock in 1724.' 
 
 fThe influence of such men as Pepperrell, Waldo and 
 Moulton could not but be powerfully felt in all the towns and 
 villages of Maine. Not only the larger communities, but even 
 the smaller settlements responded to the call to arms. Major 
 John Storer of Wells, in a single day is said to have raised a 
 company of sixty-one men, of which the oldest was sixty years 
 of age and the youngest sixteen. ^ Some letters of the period 
 that have been preserved give us graphic sketches of the 
 enthusiasm that was awakened in Maine towns by the Gov- 
 ernor's proclamation. The militia companies of York were 
 called together on F^ebruary 4th. Of Captain Harmon's snow- 
 shoe men seventeen enlisted. Ten or twelve enlisted to serve 
 under any captain the Governor should appoint. Ten others 
 enlisted under Ensign James Donnell. Twelve of Captain 
 Sewall's company signed a paper signifying their intention of 
 enlisting, though desirous first of knowing who would be their 
 
 ' Colonel Moulton was a member of the Provincial Council, Judge 
 of the Court of Common Pleas and Treasurer of York County. He was 
 born in York, in 1688, and died there July 20, 1765. 
 
 ^ Atlantic MontJily, 1891, p. 322. 
 
 V- 
 
20 Maine at Loidsburg iji iy4S 
 
 captain. ' Captain Johnson Harmon wrote to Pepperrell 
 February i6th: "I am persuaded there is yet something for me 
 to do there [Louisburg] before I leave the world." ^ Captain 
 Ammi R. Cutter of Saco, a graduate of Harvard College, who 
 was disappointed in not securing a surgeon's appointment, 
 raised a company, and February 20th reported to Pepperrell 
 that he had enlisted forty-six recruits, and expected to increase 
 the number to sixty. 3 Captain Moses Pearson of Falmouth 
 wrote to General Pepperrell February 25th that notwithstand- 
 ing other recruiting officers had been in the place in his 
 absence, and enlisted men he had expected to secure for his 
 own company, he hoped to make up the number to thirty or 
 more, and leave on the first opportunity for Boston. ^ In 
 Kittery, Berwick, Arundel and other places in York County, 
 also in places at the eastward, there was a like prompt response 
 to the Governor's call.s In a letter to his friend Hill in Ber- 
 wick,^ General Pepperrell wrote February 20th : "Yesterday I 
 heard that Captain Butler had enlisted in Berwick nearly his 
 fifty brave soldiers. This news is like cordial to me. Last 
 
 ' Dr. Alexander Bulman of York in a letter to Pepperrell. Proceed- 
 ings of Mass. Hist. Soc, 2nd Series, Vol. II., pp. 99, 100. 
 
 ^Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, pp. 
 
 103, 104. 
 
 ^Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, pp. 
 
 104, 105. 
 
 * Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, pp. 
 107, 108. 
 
 5 Southgate, in his History of Scarborough, (Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., 
 ist Series, Vol. 3, p. 172), says : "One hundred and sixty of our towns- 
 men were enlisted iu Col. Waldo's regiment sometime before the 
 attack on Louisburg, but it does not appear how many of these 
 continued in the service through that event, or who of them were 
 present and assisted in the capture." 
 
 ^ Parsons' Life of vSir William Pepperrell, pp. 53, 54. 
 
Maine at Louisbtirg in 1^45 21 
 
 night I received a letter from the War Committee, saying they 
 thought there was (upon our completing five or six companies 
 of our brave County of York men) the full number proposed to 
 be enlisted and more, so that there will be a number cleared off, 
 but you may be assured that our brave county of York men 
 shall not be cleared off unless they desire it." 
 
 } While the work of enlistment proceeded rapidly, it is evi- 
 dent from a letter to Pepperrell, written by Captain Vaughan, 
 that in Maine there was a quicker response to the Governor's 
 call than in Massachusetts. "I have desired," he wrote 
 February 8th, "the gentlemen at York to march one company 
 next Monday to Boston to give life and spring to the affair. I 
 hope you will encourage the same."' Vaughan says he had 
 proposed that at least two thousand men should be in Boston 
 ready to sail by the 20th of February. His enthusiasm was 
 contagious, but the task of providing men, stores and trans- 
 ports within the time-limit mentioned was not accomplished. 
 However, in less than two months from the day on which the 
 General Court voted in favor of the Louisburg expedition, the 
 requisite military force had been recruited, and was ready to 
 embark. This force comprised eight regiments or 3,250 men 
 from Massachusetts (including three regiments from Maine), 
 one regiment from Connecticut with 516 men, and one from 
 New Hampshire with 304 men. New Hampshire also provided 
 150 recruits for Massachusetts regiments. Later, Rhode Island 
 furnished three companies or 1 50 men, and a guard sloop with 
 ninety men. Parkman says, "Maine, then a part of Massachu- 
 setts, furnished full one-third of the Massachusetts contingent."^ 
 
 'Pepperrell papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, pp, 
 100, lOI. 
 
 ^ In a letter to the Hon. Josiah Willard, dated Kittery, Oct. 9, 
 1750, Sir William Pepperrell wrote: "I think one-third part of the 
 
22 Maine at Lonisbiirg in 1^45 
 
 Maine furnished not only so large a part of the military 
 force and the commander of the expedition, Lieutenant General 
 Pepperrell, but also the third in command, General Samuel 
 Waldo, who owned land, and had business interests in Maine 
 requiring his personal attention to such a degree as to identify 
 him largely with that part of the Province: also the com- 
 mander of the armed vessels of the provincial squadron, 
 Captain Edward Tyng • of Falmouth. In the preceding year, 
 while in command of a provincial "snow,"^ Captain Tyng had 
 captured a French privateer of i8 guns, and brought his prize 
 into Boston Harbor. Captain Tyng was now given the rank of 
 Commodore. His fleet consisted of thirteen vessels, carrying 
 204 guns. Of these thirteen vessels, Massachusetts provided 
 nine, Connecticut two, Rhode Island one and New Hampshire 
 one. Some of the vessels sailed as early as the middle of 
 March, and made their way to the vicinity of Louisburg for the 
 purpose of intercepting the enemy's vessels, and preventing 
 them from entering the harbor with supplies or reinforcements. 
 The rest of the squadron and the eighty or ninety transports 3 
 for the troops and stores anchored in Nantasket Roads, Boston 
 Harbor. 
 
 forces that went on the expedition to Louisbourg were enlisted from 
 the County of York." Baxter Manuscripts : Maine Historical 
 Society's Documentary History, 2nd Series, Vol. 12, p. 104. 
 
 ' He was the third son of Colonel Edward Tyng and was born in 
 Falmouth in 1683. After he came to manhood he was in partnership, 
 and owned vessels and their cargoes, with Phineas Jones of Falmouth. 
 Wm. Gould's "Portland in the Past," p. 249. 
 
 ^ A vessel equipped with two masts, resembling in rig a brig, 
 "except that the brig bends her fore-and-aft mainsail to the mainmast, 
 while the snow bends it to the trysail-mast." Century Dictiouarj'. 
 
 ^Jonathan Say ward of York was Captain of one of the transports, 
 and brought home some fine China ware in the fall of 1745. 
 
Maine at Loidshirg ui 1745 23 
 
 As the day of the departure drew near, a day of fasting and 
 prayer was appointed by Governor Shirley, and fervent peti- 
 tions were offered for the divine blessing to rest upon officers 
 
 and men. 
 
 The Maine troops made Boston their rendezvous as did the 
 other Massachusetts regiments. Governor Shirley urged 
 Governor Wentworth of New Hampshire to send thither the 
 contingent from that province; but as it seemed to the Gov- 
 ernor more desirable that the New Hampshire troops should 
 avoid the delay this would necessitate, they sailed direct from 
 Portsmouth, leaving that port March 23. 
 
 Pepperrell received his orders from Governor Shirley, 
 March 19, and he sailed from Nantasket Roads with the Mas- 
 sachusetts troops in the afternoon of March 24.' In his letter 
 to Governor Wentworth, urging him to send the New Hamp- 
 shire troops to Boston, Governor Shirley showed that he still 
 had in contemplation the surprise of the French at Louisburg, 
 for he wrote: "The success of our scheme for surprising 
 Louisburg will entirely depend on the execution of the f^rst 
 night after the arrival of our forces. For this purpose, it is 
 necessary that the whole fleet should make Chappeau-rouge ^ 
 point just at the shutting in of the day, when they cannot 
 easily be discovered, and from thence push into the bay so as 
 to have all the men landed before midnight; (the landing o 
 whom, it is computed by Captain Durell and Mr. Bastide, will 
 
 -Lord's day, March 24. This morning Commodore Rouse gave 
 a signa^or weig^hing an..r. Ahont ^ -. Hutch^^^^^^^^ 
 
 :^Tc;t^r:r%ii;ar^^-- - ----•" 
 
 Greenes diary in the library of the American Antiquarian Society. 
 2 A corruption of Chapeaurouge 
 
24 Maine at Loiiisburg in 1^45 
 
 take up three hours at least)."' The forming of the four corps 
 to be employed in scaling the walls of Louisburg would take 
 two hours. The march of these four corps to their respective 
 posts would require two hours more. This would bring them 
 to day-break, and therefore full late for the attack. Hence the 
 necessity that the fleet should arrive at the precise hour 
 indicated. 
 
 In his instructions to Pepperrcll the Governor was more 
 minute. The commanding General was directed to proceed to 
 Canso with the force intrusted to him. He was to build there 
 a block-house, construct a battery and land such stores as 
 would not be immediately needed. Then he was to send a 
 detachment to St. Peter's on Cape Breton, and destroy it so that 
 no information concerning the expedition could reach Louis- 
 burg from that locality. Afterward the whole fleet was to sail 
 for Gabarus Bay, on which was the proposed landing place for 
 the troops. The approach of the transports was to be so timed 
 that they would arrive in the bay in the evening, and the land- 
 ing of the troops would take place without delay. If he should 
 not succeed in surprising the enemy, Pepperrell was to call a 
 council of war and proceed according to circumstances.^ 
 
 I On account of unfavorable weather the transports contain- 
 ing the Massachusetts troops anchored three days (March 26- 
 29) at Sheepscot ; Green says, "in Sheepscot harbor, about a 
 league within the docks or entrance." The New Hampshire 
 regiment reached Canso, March 31.3 Pepperrell and the men 
 
 ' Belknap's History of New Hampshire, p. 274. 
 
 ^Parsons' Life of Sir William Pepperrell, p. 55; Williamson's His- 
 tory of Maine, Vol. 2, p. 228. 
 
 ^ Belknap's History of New Hampshire, p. 275. 
 
Maine at Loiiisburg in 1^45 25 
 
 from Massachusetts arrived in the early days of April,' but the 
 Connecticut troops were not at the place until April 24.^ 
 For some time the shores of Cape Breton were inclosed in ice. 
 Pepperrell wrote to Governor Shirley, "We impatiently wait 
 for a fair wind to drive the ice out of the bay, and if we do not 
 suffer for want of provisions make no doubt but we shall by 
 God's favor be able soon to drive out what else we please from 
 Cape Breton.^ "Meanwhile, however, Pepperrell not only 
 employed his men in fortifying the place, but in military drill, 
 making cartridges, &c. On Sunday, April 7, Parson Moody of 
 York preached from the text, " Thy people shall be willing in 
 the day of thy power," Psalm 110:3 ; but the daily drills were 
 not suspended on that day evidently, for Major Pomeroy made 
 this record in his diary: "Several sorts of busnesses was 
 Going on, Som a Exercising Som a Hearing Preaching." Of 
 incalculable value were these weeks of preparation, notwith- 
 standing the impatience of officers and men because of the 
 enforced delay. 
 
 In the autumn of 1744, Governor Shirley had asked the 
 Duke of Newcastle for naval assistance in maintaining British 
 interests at the eastward. He also wrote to Commodore 
 Warren, who was in command of the British war ships in 
 
 ' Parsons' Life of vSir "William Pepperrell, p. 57, says : " The Mass. 
 troops arrived at Can.so, April i." Williamson, History of Maine, Vol. 
 2, p. 228, says : " The land and naval forces all arrived at Canso, April 
 4." Parsons doubtless gives the day of the first arrival, and Williamson 
 the day when all had arrived, as he supposed ; but Major Pomeroy 
 says his vessel arrived on the 5th. Others evidently came in from 
 day to day later. See Parkman's " Capture of Louisbourg by the New 
 England Militia," Atlantic Monthly, 1891, pp. 514, 516. 
 
 ^ Journal of Pepperrell P^xpedition, Proceedings of the American 
 Antiquarian Society; New Series, Vol. 20, Part I. 
 
 ^ The Taking of Louisburg, 1765, vSamuel Adams Drake, p. 79. 
 
26 Maine at Loidsbiirg in 1^45 
 
 American waters, and was then at his station in the West 
 Indies. Warren properly declined to accede to the Governor's 
 earnest appeal until orders were received from England. When 
 these at length came, he at once proceeded northward, and 
 while on the way to Boston, ascertaining from the captain of a 
 schooner that the expedition had already sailed for Canso, he 
 hurried his ships thither. The first vessel of the squadron, the 
 frigate Eltham, forty guns, arrived at Canso, April 22, and 
 Commodore Warren, in the Superb of sixty guns, with the 
 other vessels, the Mermaid and the Launceston of forty guns 
 each, came into the harbor the following day. Warren was 
 most heartily welcomed by Pepperrell, and after an exchange of 
 greetings the Commodore proceeded at the close of the day to 
 join Tyng and the provincial squadron in the blockade of the 
 harbor of Louisburg. 
 
 It has been said ' that no rumors of the approach of 
 Pepperrell's forces from Canso reached the French garrison at 
 Louisburg before the fleet of transports was in sight. 
 Parkman,^ however, quotes from a French account of the siege 
 showing that information concerning the expedition had been 
 received at Louisburg, but was discredited. The French com- 
 mander, Duchambon, however, posted a small detachment in a 
 position from which any approach of the enemy might be 
 seen ; but evidently he had no expectation that the enemy 
 would appear, and the members of the detachment were as 
 incredulous as he.^ 
 
 'Williamson's History of Maine, Vol. 2, p. 229. Belknap's History 
 of New Hampshire, p. 276. 
 
 '^Atlantic Monthly, 1891, p. 516. In a note, p. 630, he says that the 
 work from which he quotes, " Lettre d'un Habitant de Louisbourg" 
 contains eighty-one printed pages and dated "a . . . ce 28 Aout. 
 1745." There is a copy in the Bibliotheque Nationale at Paris. 
 
 ^ Nova Scotia Hist. Soc. Coil's, Vol. 9, pp. 165, 166. 
 
Maine at Louisbiirg in 1^45 27 
 
 General Pepperrell was informed April 26th that the ice 
 had left Gabarus Bay, and preparations were at once made for 
 re-embarking the army. The troops were in the best of spirits, 
 and all were eager to enter upon the task for which they had 
 enlisted. It was decided that Captain Cutter's company of 
 Colonel Moulton's regiment should be left at Canso to gar- 
 rison the fort and guard the stores, while to the rest of the 
 regiment was assigned the duty of destroying the fort and 
 settlement at St. Peter's, a village not far away on the island of 
 Cape Breton ;' and then Colonel Moulton was to join the rest 
 of the army in its forward movement. 
 
 Everything being in readiness, Pepperrell sailed from Canso ■ 
 early in the morning of April 29. There was a favorable wind, 
 and all were in high hopes that the evening - would find them 
 at the selected landing place ; but the wind ere long died 
 away, and instead of reaching Gabarus Bay at nightfall, 
 according to Governor Shirley's plan, the transports did not 
 reach their anchorage until about nine^ o'clock the next 
 morning. All hope of surprising the garrison at Louisburg 
 had of course then been abandoned. In fact the detachment 
 from the garrison, watching for the approach of the enemy, had 
 discovered the fleet of transports on its approach, and informed 
 the Governor, Duchambon,^ who at once dispatched an addi- 
 
 ' St. Peter's was a menace to the Provincials. It was the second 
 place in importance on the Island of Cape Breton, and if left free to 
 furnish spies and information to the PVench at Quebec and Montreal 
 would prove a source of untold harm. 
 
 ^ "While the enemy were asleep, " are the words of Gen. Wolcott 
 in his diary. 
 
 3 Journal of Pepperrell Expedition, Proceedings of the American 
 Antiquarian Society; New Series, Vol. 20, Part I. 
 
 " He was the successor of Duquesnel, who had died in the atitumn. 
 
28 Maine at Lonisbiirg in 174^ 
 
 tional force of eighty men under a trustworthy officer to 
 prevent the landing. A well planned feint on Pepperrell's part 
 proved successful in deceiving the enemy as to the place of 
 landing, and Pepperrell soon had men enough ashore to meet 
 the opposing party. In this first brush with the enemy some 
 of the French were killed, others captured including a French 
 officer, and the rest were driven back into the town. 
 
 During the day about two thousand men, including Waldo's 
 regiment (under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Arthur 
 Noble), were landed ; and the rest of the force followed on the 
 next day. May ist. That afternoon ' Vaughan, now with the 
 rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and acting under the direction of 
 the commander of the expedition, was given about four hun- 
 dred men, and instructed to proceed to make a reconnoisance 
 west and northwest of the town. This task Vaughan executed 
 with characteristic zeal, and also with skill and determination. 
 Passing to the westward of the town, he skirted the Royal 
 Battery at a safe distance, and burned the buildings along the 
 shore at the northwestern part of the harbor. The smoke of 
 the burning buildings was driven by the wind in the direction 
 of the Royal Battery. The officer in command there, not able 
 to follow the movement of Vaughan 's men because of the thick 
 "smoke, and probably overestimating the force, suggested to 
 Duchambon the abandonment of the battery. The suggestion 
 strangely enough was approved, and at night, having spiked 
 the cannon, the officers and men in the battery hurriedly made 
 
 ' This is Parsons' statement (Life of Sir William Pepperrell, p. 63). 
 Parkman {Atlantic Monthly, 1891, p. 517) says it was May 2nd. Neither 
 Pepperrell nor Vaughan would hardly have waited so long. Green, 
 in his Journal of the Expedition (Proceedings of the American 
 Antiquarian Societ}^, New Series, Vol. 20, Part I.), sa5's it was on 
 May I. 
 
Maine at Lotiisburg in 1743 29 
 
 their way into the town.' Vaughan and the other members of 
 the reconnoitering party bivouacked near the burnt district. In 
 the morning, Vaughan ordered the troops to return to 
 Pepperrell's camp. With a small party moving in the same 
 direction, Vaughan, when on high ground overlooking the Royal 
 Battery, turned his attention toward it, but could not discover 
 any signs of the presence of the enemy. No flag was flying 
 at the staff, and within the fort there were no indications of 
 life. A Cape Cod Indian, who accompanied Vaughan, was 
 induced to approach the fort and ascertain whether or not it 
 was occupied. The Indian reached the battery in safety, and 
 crawling through one of the embrasures, finding no trace of the 
 garrison, he signalled to Vaughan, and soon the latter and 
 his men were in possession. Hurriedly Vaughan notified 
 Pepperrell of this piece of good fortune. " May it please your 
 honor to be informed," he wrote, "that by the grace of God, 
 and the courage of about thirteen men, I entered this place 
 about nine o'clock, and am waiting here for a reinforcement 
 and flag." Meanwhile a substitute for a flag was found, as one 
 of the party, William Tufts,^ a boy of eighteen, climbed to the 
 summit of the flagstaff and affixed to it his red coat. In his 
 note Vaughan added : "Be pleased further to be informed 
 that there are about one hundred men now landed on the 
 lighthouse side, proceeding up the northeast part of the 
 harbor, as I suppose to destroy about fifty sail of vessels, &c. 
 
 ' According to another statement, Duchambon, the French 
 Commander at Louisburg, visited the battery after the arrival of 
 Pepperrell's force and instructed the officer in command to hold the 
 position if possible ; but if he found it necessary to withdraw he was to 
 do so after spiking the cannon. 
 
 2 Of Medford, Mass., John Langdon Sibley in New England Hist, 
 and Gen. Reg., Vol. 25, p. 337. 
 
30 Maine at Louisbnrg in 1^45 
 
 If your honor think it proper to send the whale-boats immedi- 
 ately round two miles without the Island Battery to land and 
 cut them off, I believe it will be of service." Doubtless, 
 Pepperrell saw the impossibility of getting a whale-boat party 
 around the Island Battery, but he hurried off Waldo with three 
 companies of his regiment, and soon after, the rest of Waldo's 
 men went to Vaughan's assistance, in all about four hundred 
 men. Thus early were Maine men at the front at Louisburg. 
 The reinforcement arrived none too soon. Duchambon also, 
 discovering the blunder he had made in allowing the garrison 
 at the Royal Battery to withdraw, hurried a party in boats to 
 reoccupy this im.portant position. Vaughan and his men, 
 however, kept them from landing until Waldo's arrival, when 
 the Frenchmen returned to the town. 
 
 In the Battery were twenty-eight 42 pounders, two 
 18 pounders, three hundred and fifty 13 inch shells, thirty 10 
 inch shells and a quantity of shot. Colonel Bradstreet, who 
 accompanied Waldo, reported to Pepperrell that the Battery 
 was in a bad condition ; " but notwithstanding," he added, " we 
 can soon repair it as well as ever. I beg you will send the 
 smiths and armorers as soon as possible to drill open the vents 
 of the cannon." This was done under the direction of Major 
 Pomeroy ' of Northampton, Massachusetts, a gunsmith. In 
 
 ' Pomeroy, thirty years later, was at Bunker Hill where Gen. 
 Putnam greeted him with the words, " Pomeroy, you here ! A cannon 
 shot would waken you out of your grave." Mr. Geo. E. Pomeroy of 
 the Ohio Society of Colonial Wars, and a descendant of Major Pomeroy, 
 was at Louisburg, June 17, 1895, on the occasion of the unveiling of the 
 Louisburg Memorial, and in connection with the celebration read 
 extracts from Major Pomeroy's diary. Louisburg Memorial, published 
 by the New York Society of Colonial Wars, pp. XX— XXII. A letter 
 from Major Pomeroy to his wife, written at Louisburg, May 8th, 
 1745, was printed by Edward Everett at the close of his oration on 
 "The Seven Years' War, the School and the Revolution," Orations 
 Vol. I., pp. 402, 403, 
 
Maine at Louisburg in I 'J 45 31 
 
 a little while the guns found in the battery were made 
 serviceable, and those on the side of the town were brought into 
 use against the French, General Waldo firing the first gun. 
 The capture of these guns meant much to Pepperrell and his 
 men. They lacked heavy artillery for siege operations, and 
 their use of the captured cannon, during the following weeks, 
 told severely against the imprisoned enemy. The possession 
 of the Royal Battery also, aside from the captured cannon, 
 meant much to the provincial forces. Its guns commanded 
 the entrance to the harbor, and removed one great obstacle 
 to the approach of the war vessels outside. 
 
 But on account of the heavy surf and the absence 
 of wharves, much delay was encountered in landing the stores 
 and war material from the transports. Not only was it 
 difficult to handle the heavy guns, but it was no easy matter 
 to get them in position. But the herculean task was 
 accomplished. The cannon were placed on hastily constructed 
 sledges,' and over the two miles and more of soft, marshy 
 ground, gangs of two hundred men dragged them one by one 
 to the positions designated by the artillery officers. The 
 first battery, fifteen hundred and fifty yards from the citadel, 
 was ready for use May 4th. ^ The following day was Sunday, 
 and religious services were held in the chapel of the Royal 
 Battery, where Waldo's men listened to a sermon from the 
 text, " Enter into his gates with thanksgiving, and into his 
 courts with praise." As the nine and eleven inch mortars 
 failed to reach the town from the first battery, they were 
 
 ' This was a device of a shipbuilder, L,ieut. Col. Meserve of the New 
 Hampshire regiment. 
 
 ^ Journal of Pepperrell Expedition, Proceedings of American 
 Antiquarian Society; New Series, Vol. 20, Part I. 
 
32 Maine at LoiiisbiLvg in ly/f^ 
 
 moved forward May 7th to a nearer position. On that day 
 Pepperrell and Warren, who had been in daily communication 
 since the arrival of the transports, sent to Duchambon, in 
 the name of the king, a summons to surrender. Duchambon 
 with French gallantry replied that inasmuch as his own king 
 had confided to him the command of the fortress, he had no 
 other reply than by the mouths of his cannon. 
 
 On Commodore Warren's suggestion, it was decided at 
 a council of war held May 9th that Duchambon's refusal to 
 surrender should be followed by a strong, sharp attack on the 
 town by Pepperrell 's army; but the weather proved unfavorable 
 for the movement. Moreover, further consideration showed 
 that Pepperrell's officers did not regard the proposed attack 
 as feasible in the present stage of siege operations, and the 
 movement was abandoned. Meanwhile the erection of new 
 batteries, in favorable positions, was pushed forward with 
 energy. May i6th mortars were in place on a hill four 
 hundred and forty yards from the West Gate, and on the 
 17th an advanced battery, two hundred and fifty yards from 
 the West Gate, was ready to receive its guns. An 18 
 pounder, brought from the Royal Battery, was mounted that 
 night, and another 18 pounder and two 42 pounders were 
 added from some source, all of which opened fire on the 
 West Gate. 
 
 Pepperrell's force lacked trained artillerymen. Some of 
 the troops had served on privateers, and had handled the 
 small cannon they carried; but the men who had had even 
 this experience were few, and Pepperrell asked Commodore 
 Warren for instructors in gunnery from among his officers 
 and men. Several were sent, and they found eager pupils. 
 
 With unflagging industry the siege operations were 
 
i4 
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 i-r 
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 w 
 w 
 f-l 
 
 I 
 
 < 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 w 
 
 ^^*^%^. 
 
Maine at Loitisbitrg in 1^45 33 
 
 pressed by Pepperrell and his men. Some of the cannon in 
 the hands of the provincials proved destructive to the 
 besiegers as well as to the besieged. May 17th Lieutenant 
 Colonel Arthur Noble, in command of Waldo's regiment at 
 the Royal Battery, wrote to Pepperrell saying that one of 
 his guns burst wounding Captain Hale and Lieutenant 
 Storrs of Captain Rhodes' company.' Captain Rhodes had 
 been injured by the bursting of a cannon only a few days 
 before. May 20th, the North West Battery, generally known 
 as Titcomb's Battery,^ was erected on rising ground between 
 the Royal Battery and the town, and about eight hundred 
 yards from the West Gate.^ By the guns of this battery, 
 and also of the advanced battery, the West Gate was 
 demolished, and a large breach made in the adjoining wall. 
 The Circular Battery, also, was almost entirely demolished, 
 only three of the sixteen guns being left standing.-* 
 
 On the 19th of May a piece of good fortune came to 
 
 ' Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6tli Series, Vol. 10, p. 
 180. The name of Nathaniel Storrs does not appear elsewhere in the 
 Pepperrell Papers. Rhodes commanded a company in Waldo's 
 regiment. Of Capt. Hale, Waldo wrote to Pepperrell, "He was our 
 mainstay as to gunnery." 
 
 - Named for Major Moses Titcomb of Col. Hale's Essex Co. 
 regiment. He was in command of the battery. 
 
 ■* On this day Waldo wrote to Pepperrell: "Another forty-two 
 pound gun burst at the Grand Battery. All the guns are in danger 
 of going in the same way by double-shotting them, unless under 
 better regulation than at present." 
 
 '' The French writers make mention of the destructive fire of 
 Pepperrell's guns. Bigot says: "The enemy established their bat- 
 teries to such purpose that they soon destroyed the greater part 
 of the town, broke the right flank of the King's Bastion, ruined the 
 Dauphin's Battery with its spur, and made a breach at the Porte 
 Dauphine [West Gate], the neighboring wall and the sort of redan 
 adjacent." 
 
34 Maine at Lojiisbiirg in 1^45 
 
 the war vessels off the harbor. About noon a French 64 
 gun-ship, the Vigilant, loaded with stores and munitions of 
 war, was discovered approaching in the endeavor to bring 
 relief to the garrison and town of Louisburg. The British war 
 ships Superbe, Mermaid, Eltham, together with the Massa- 
 chusetts Frigate and Shirley Galley of Tyng's squadron, at 
 once bore down upon her, and coming up to her in the 
 evening, after a gallant fight, and a loss of eighty men, 
 the Vigilant lowered her flag.' Her capture was most 
 opportune, inasmuch as Pepperrell's supply of powder, shot 
 and shell was now well-nigh exhausted. 
 
 The Island Battery, at the entrance of the harbor, 
 prevented Warren's ships from entering ; and, almost from the 
 beginning of the siege, attempts had been made by Pepperrell 
 to obtain possession of it. One of these attempts was 
 assigned to Lieutenant Colonel Noble. According to Waldo's 
 order, ^ a copy of which has been preserved, Noble was to 
 take command of a detachment "drawn out of several 
 regiments," and with this force it was expected that about 
 
 ' Williamson, in his History of Maine (Vol. 2, p. 230), says the 
 Vigilant surrendered to Capt. Tyng ; but the statement is not confirmed 
 by the account given in the report of the expedition which received 
 the sanction of Pepperrell, Waldo and other officers. The Journal of 
 the Pepperrell Expedition, Proceedings of the American Antiquarian 
 Society; New Series, Vol. 20, Part i, says under date of Tuesday, 
 May 21, "about noon Capt, Tyng brought a letter ashore from 
 Commodore Warren, with the very agreeable news of his having 
 taken a French ship of 64 guns, the same that he engaged with the 
 Lord's day evening" [May 19]. 
 
 ^ William Goold, in a paper on " Col. Arthur Noble of George- 
 town," (Coll. of the Maine Historical Society, Series i, Vol. 8, p. 
 120), states in a note that the original of this order is in the 
 possession of Col. F. E. Hunt, U. S. A,, whose wife was a daughter 
 of George Noble, the youngest son of Arthur Noble, Jr. 
 
Maine at Loiiisburg in I'/4§ 35 
 
 two hundred of Warren's sailors would cooperate. The 
 assault was to be made late in the evening of May 23rd ; but 
 on account of a bright moon, with northern lights, it was 
 deemed best to postpone the attack. It would seem that on 
 the night of the 24th, and that of the 25th, the conditions 
 were not any more favorable. The delay was, doubtless, as 
 annoying to Pepperrell as it was to Commodore Warren, who 
 chafed under the enforced delay. 
 
 On May 25th, greatly to his surprise, Pepperrell received a 
 communication from Commodore Warren dated May 24th, 
 proposing to go into the harbor and attack the town and bat- 
 teries with all his " ships and all the colony cruisers except two, 
 with the schooners and transports," and asking for sixteen 
 hundred of Pepperrell's men, six hundred to be put on board of 
 the Vigilant recently captured from the French, the 
 
 Royal Battery of Cape Breton, 
 23rd of May 1745. 
 
 Dear Colonel :— Agreeable to general orders, you are to take 
 upon you the command of the detachment drawn out of several 
 regiments for the attack of the Island Battery, and proceed with 
 them accordingly at ten of the clock this evening, or as soon as 
 possible. Before you put off your boats, I expect an officer from 
 Commodore Warren, who commands about two hundred seamen, will 
 be with you and with him you'll concert the proper measures for 
 joining your and his forces and carrying on the attack with the 
 utmost vigor and security to your and his men, and to prevent 
 the enemy from damaging your boats. The officers and their men 
 are strictly to observe your orders, and be at their peril who 
 refuse. Countersign to be King George forever. May God succeed 
 you in this enterprise what will, in all probability, put a happy 
 issue to the siege, and be for the honor of His Majesty's arms, 
 the great good of his American dominions, and your own reputation ; 
 and I doubt not, to your future satisfaction and benefit. 
 
 I am, dear Sir, your most assured friend and humble servant. 
 
 Lieut. Col. Noble. S. Waldo. 
 
36 Maine at Loiiisbiirg in iy4§ 
 
 remaining thousand to be distributed among his other ships, 
 Pepperrell submitted the communication to his Council of 
 War. Its members were as much astounded as was Pepperrell. 
 The army had been greatly reduced by sickness occasioned 
 by exposure and various hardships, and all saw that to take 
 sixteen hundred men from the siege works would place a 
 large part of Pepperrell's effective force under the command 
 of Commodore Warren, leaving Pepperrell only a handful of 
 men to hold his lines exposed to an attack from the French 
 and Indians in his rear. 
 
 In his reply, giving expression to the views of the 
 Council, Pepperrell expressed the hope, while declining to 
 accept the suggestions of the Commodore, that some plan 
 might be adopted in which the entire land and naval forces 
 could cooperate. By reason of a dense fog, Pepperrell's 
 reply could not be sent until the following day. Meanwhile 
 the Commodore became even more impatient, indeed petulant, 
 saying, " For God's sake let us do something, and not waste our 
 time in idleness." If these harsh, unjust words aroused bitter 
 feelings on the part of those serving with the provincial forces, 
 they did not find public expression. Idleness, in no sense of 
 the word, could be attributed to Pepperrell's men, who, from 
 the day of their arrival . before the walls of Louisburg, had 
 labored untiringly day and night, and with results that should 
 have called forth praise and even admiration. But there was 
 no time for crimination and recrimination ; and the Council 
 advised Pepperrell to have a personal interview with Warren, 
 taking with him some of his ofificers, and endeavor to come 
 to some mutual understanding as to future operations. They 
 desired to cooperate, but they were unwilling to turn over 
 the command of the provincial forces to Commodore Warren. 
 
Maine at Loiiisburg in 1^45 37 
 
 The words of Commodore Warren in his letter of 
 May 26th, "Pray how came the Island Battery not to be 
 attacked?" were doubtless resented by the Provincial 
 Commander and his officers ; but evidently they induced 
 Pepperrell to proceed that evening to make the assault 
 already planned. The attempt was made by about four 
 hundred volunteers commanded by Captain Brooks.' The 
 boats, containing the attacking party, were discovered as they 
 drew near the island, and at once shot and shell from the 
 Island Battery, also from the guns of the town, opened 
 upon them a most destructive fire. Some of the boats, 
 nevertheless, reached the island, and the men who landed 
 were hastily drawn up for a dash upon the works. It is said ^ 
 that they succeeded in placing scaling ladders upon the 
 walls of the battery but they were unable to proceed farther, 
 and the survivors surrendered. The loss was seventy-three, 
 killed and drowned, while one hundred and sixteen were 
 taken prisoners. 
 
 May 28th, in communicating the action of the Council 
 with reference to Commodore Warren's letter of May 26th, 
 Pepperrell wrote : 
 
 " I beg leave to represent that it is now the twenty- 
 ninth day since the army invested Louisburg and drove in 
 the inhabitants. That we have erected five fascine batteries, 
 and with hard service to the men have drawn our cannon 
 and mounted them, have distressed the inhabitants, made 
 
 ' The names of only a small part of the four hundred volunteers 
 have been preserved. The list will be found in the appendix. See 
 also a list given in the Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th 
 Series, Vol. 10, pp. 515, 516. 
 
 - Collections of the Nova Scotia Hist. Soc, Vol. 9, p. 173. 
 
38 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 some breaches in the wall, and doubt not we shall soon 
 reduce the circular battery. That in this time we have 
 made five unsuccessful attempts upon the island battery, in 
 the last, of which, we lost one hundred and eighty-nine men 
 and many of our boats. That we have kept out scouts to 
 destroy the enemy's settlements, and prevent surprise. That 
 fatigue has brought on disease and left us not more than 
 two thousand one hundred men fit for duty, six hundred of 
 whom are gone in pursuit of two large bodies of French and 
 Indians, eastward and westward of us. The Council decide 
 that another attack on the island is impracticable. We 
 continue our best exertions against the enemy, and I shall, 
 as soon as possible, visit you with some of my Council to 
 determine on the most suitable measures to adopt. Please 
 to stand in toward Gabarus Bay as soon as it suits you." 
 
 Pepperrell's endeavors to secure a personal interview 
 with Commodore Warren were unsuccessful. He went out in 
 one of his vessels, taking with him some of his officers, but 
 on account of a heavy fog the Commodore's ship could not 
 be found. June 2nd, Pepperrell wrote to Governor Shirley : 
 " We have been prevented by fog four days from having any 
 interview with the Commodore and planning an attack." 
 On the 5 th, however, Pepperrell succeeded in having the 
 desired conference, when he found that Warren was "not 
 inclined after all to attempt sending his ships into the harbor, 
 till further execution is done against the enemies batteries." 
 The provincial troops accordingly continued to hammer away 
 at the walls of Louisburg as heretofore. 
 
 A new battery, known as the Lighthouse Battery, was 
 erected on the high ground at the right of the harbor, and 
 only 3400 feet from the Island Battery. In this battery two 
 
Maine at Loiiisburg ift 1^43 39 
 
 18 pounders were mounted June nth, and by the 14th four 
 more. On that day occurred the anniversary of the King's 
 accession to the throne, and the day was signalized by the 
 discharge of all the cannon in all the batteries at midday. 
 During the rest of the day there was incessant firing along 
 the line. 
 
 On the forenoon of the next day, June 15th, Commodore 
 Warren came ashore, and a review of the troops was held. 
 Bradstreet, ■ in his diary, says that Pepperrell's army was drawn 
 up and the General and Commodore Warren came to view 
 them. The Commodore made a speech, and told us we could 
 not take the city with the land forces, neither could he with " 
 the sea forces. Both must cooperate With the first easterly 
 wind he said he would come in by sea, and we by land, and 
 try it out. Pepperrell, also, addressed the troops, urging them 
 to fidelity and heroism in the approaching assault. 
 
 Meanwhile the combined fleet had been drawn up before 
 the town. Duchambon, who was not unaware of this tightening 
 of the lines around his much battered walls and gates, and of 
 its effect upon his troops and the townspeople, disheartened, 
 moreover, by the non-arrival of reinforcements and supplies, 
 was already considering his duty in the face of the foreseen 
 closer grapple of the contending forces ; and late in the 
 afternoon ' he sent a flag of truce to Pepperrell's lines, asking 
 
 ' Mass. Hist. Soc. Proceedings, 2d Series, Vol. n, p. 435- The 
 author of the diary was Lieut. Dudley Bradstreet of Groton, Mass. 
 
 ^ It is said (Collections of the Nova Scotia Hist. Soc, Vol. 9, p. 
 175,) that the flag of truce appeared " a little after twelve o'clock on 
 that day (15)"; but Parsons, in his Life of Pepperrell, says "late in 
 the afternoon," and the fact that the reply of the two commanders was 
 dated at 8.30 p. m. seems to support the statement. 
 
40 Maine at Louisbiirg in 174^ 
 
 for a suspension of hostilities and terms of capitulation.' 
 Commodore Warren had not returned to his ship and in the 
 evening at half-past eight the two commanders replied to 
 Duchambon's request in a joint note in which they assented to 
 an armistice until eight o'clock on the morning of the i6th. 
 " If in the meantime you surrender yourselves prisoners of 
 war," they added, "you may depend upon humane and 
 generous treatment." In the morning Duchambon replied, 
 presenting terms upon which he was ready to surrender the 
 town and fortifications of Louisburg. The terms were rejected, 
 and other terms were submitted by Warren and Pepperrell. 
 These provided that if the French commander's own vessels 
 were found insufficient for the transportation of the French 
 prisoners back to France, other vessels would be provided for 
 the purpose, together with such provisions as were necessary 
 for the voyage; that the officers of the garrison and inhabitants 
 of the town could remain in their houses with their families 
 undisturbed and unha rmed until the time of embarkation ; that 
 the non-commissioned officers and soldiers should immediately 
 upon surrender be placed on board His Majesty's ships to be 
 transported to France ; and that the sick and wounded should 
 receive the same tender care as those of the victors. As 
 security for the proper performance of the duties imposed by 
 these terms, the Island Battery, or one of the batteries of the 
 town, was to be in the possession of the besieging forces by 
 
 ' Bigot says: " We could have borne all this [the harassments of 
 the siege], but the scarcity of powder, the loss of the Vigilant, the 
 presence of the squadron, and the absence of any news from Marin, 
 who had been ordered to join us with his Canadians and Indians, 
 spread terror among the troops and inhabitants. The townspeople said 
 that they did not want to be put to the sword, and were not strong 
 enough to resist a general assault." 
 
Maine at Louisburg in I'/4S 41 
 
 six o'clock that evening ; His Majesty's ships of war were to be 
 permitted to enter the harbor of Louisburg as soon after six 
 o'clock as Commodore Warren should think fit ; the captured 
 were not to take up arms against His Majesty or any of his 
 allies until after a full twelve months from the time of the 
 surrender ; and all British subjects held as prisoners by 
 Duchambon should be released at once. 
 
 To these terms Duchambon assented on the i6th, except 
 that the French commander asked that his officers and men 
 should be allowed to march to the beach with their arms, 
 colors flying, the arms and colors there to be delivered up, to. 
 be kept until the arrival of the French troops in France, when 
 the arms and colors were to be returned to them. Pepperrell 
 and Warren in separate notes — Warren having returned to 
 his ship — agreed to the modified terms. 
 
 In his reply to Duchambon, Commodore Warren made it 
 a condition that the keys of the town be delivered to such 
 officers and troops as he should appoint. At the time, and 
 probably ever after, Pepperrell was unaware of this demand on 
 the part of Commodore Warren. In a note to Duchambon, 
 Pepperrell wrote : "I shall send Colonel Bradstreet with a 
 detachment at four o'clock this afternoon to take possession of 
 the town and forts, to whom I desire you will deliver them 
 with all your warlike stores and keys." This letter was shown 
 by Duchambon to Warren, who wrote to Pepperrell that it was 
 not regular to ask the delivering up of the town, etc., till the 
 articles had been ratified on both sides, "which I will hasten to 
 get done, and meet you at three or four o'clock at Colonel 
 Richmond's, and if the papers proper can be by that time 
 done, I will bring them with me." At the same time Warren 
 attributed to Pepperrell "a kind of jealousy" in his purpose to 
 
42 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 take possession of the town. But both men were large enough 
 to overlook their differences, and to continue to act in harmony 
 in all matters pertaining to the surrender. Warren had 
 performed his work well, but during the siege the heavy burden 
 had rested upon Pepperrell and his brave, hardworked soldiers. 
 With Warren in possession of the Island Battery, therefore, it 
 was rightly conceded that Pepperrell's troops should march 
 into the town, and that Pepperrell should receive the tokens of 
 surrender. 
 
 The provincial troops entered Louisburg, June 17th, at the 
 southwest gate.' Colonel Bradstreet ^ was at the head of the 
 column, with Pepperrell and the other higher officers in the rear. 
 The French troops were drawn up in front of their barracks. 
 Salutations were exchanged, and then the French "with their 
 arms, music and standards" marched down to the shore, and 
 were taken on board the transports which were to return them 
 to their native land. The prisoners included six hundred and 
 fifty veteran troops, thirteen hundred and ten militia and the 
 crew of the Vigilant. Of the inhabitants, about two thousand 
 were transported to France. In all fourteen ships were 
 required for the removal of the French ; and when the embark- 
 ation was completed, the vessels sailed for Rochefort. 
 
 By the surrender there came into the possession of the 
 victors seventy-six cannon and mortars,^ and a large amount of 
 property, including prisoners and ammunition. As Pepperrell on 
 
 ' Mass. Soc. Proceedings, 2nd Series, Vol. 2, p. 435. 
 
 - Col. Bradstreet, after the reduction of Louisburg, was made 
 Governor of Newfoundland. He saw service in the French War, was a 
 Major-General in 1772, and died in 1774. 
 
 ^ Major Pomeroy says a little above ninety were found besides a 
 number of swivels, but the general statement is as above. 
 
Ii^>^l 
 
 ' *" •*•* 
 
 U**",^ :Wl 
 
 •4 I I t c'l^'^ 
 
 ° ^■■'■-ViMX 
 
 V 4'tV 
 
 t 
 
 i\# 
 
 
 
 «\#.fe 
 
Maine at Lotiisburg in I'/ 45 43 
 
 entering the town viewed the magnitude and strength of the 
 defenses, he exclaimed, " The Almighty, of a truth, has been 
 with us." The provincial loss during the siege was about one 
 hundred and thirty.' The French loss was about three 
 hundred. 
 
 The joy on the part of the troops at this brilliant ending of 
 their toil and sufferings can well be imagined. The fearful 
 strain of the past seven weeks had told upon them physically. 
 Many of their number were already broken in health, and were 
 in hospitals improvised near their camps. But gladness ruled 
 the hour,^ and they hoped for a speedy return to the homes 
 they had left. 
 
 General Pepperrell gave a banquet to his officers in honor 
 of the surrender. One of the chaplains present. Parson 
 Moody of York, the uncle of Mrs. Pepperrell, was called upon 
 to ask the divine blessing. The parson was known to have the 
 grace of continuance in his ministrations, and on an occasion so 
 full of joy and thanksgiving it was expected that he would 
 give large expression to the devout feelings which the sur- 
 render had awakened in all hearts. To the amazement of the 
 company, however, the parson's words were few. " Good 
 Lord," he said, "we have so many things to thank thee for, 
 
 ' Gov. Shirley, in his letter to the Duke of Newcastle (p. 12), says 
 the loss was " no more than loi men killed by the enemy and all other 
 accidents from the time of landing to the reduction of the place, and 
 about 30 who died of sickness." The same statement appears in " The 
 Journal of the Siege of Louisburg," published in England. 
 
 - Parson Moody of York preached on Sunday, June 23, from 
 Prov. 8:6 : " Hear ; for I will speak of excellent things ; and the 
 opening of my lips shall be right things ;" while Rev. Samuel Langdon 
 of Portsmouth, N. H., afterward President of Harvard College, preached 
 from Heb. 3:13: "But exhort one another daily, while it is called 
 today ; lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin." 
 
44 Maine at Loiiisbnrg in 1^45 
 
 that time will be infinitely too short to do it ; we must there- 
 fore leave it for the work of eternity. Bless our food and 
 fellowship on this joyful occasion, for the sake of Christ our 
 Lord, Amen." 
 
 June 1 8th, Pepperrell wrote to Governor Shirley announc- 
 ing the surrender of Louisburg. On the same day he united 
 with Commodore Warren in an announcement of the victory 
 to the Duke of Newcastle.' "The acquisition of this strong 
 fortress," they say, " which exceeds our most extended appre- 
 hension, will, we are persuaded, be of great advantage to His 
 Majesty's dominions, especially in North America, and that 
 immediate care will be taken for the defence thereof by the 
 nation." 
 
 The tidings of the capture awakened enthusiastic expres- 
 sions of patriotic joy on both sides of the sea. Captain Bennett 
 carried the official despatches to Boston, where he arrived about 
 one o'clock on the morning of July 3rd. The good news was at 
 once caught up and carried hither and thither. Before sunrise, 
 bells were ringing and cannon thundering, while on every side 
 were heard shouts of rejoicing on the part of young and old. 
 The Rev. Dr. Colman, pastor of the Brattle Street church, 
 wrote to Pepperrell that day : " O, the joy to us, Sir, this 
 morning to hear of the surrender of the strong city to you, and 
 since to read the pious ascriptions of all the glory to the most 
 high God in your own and the worthy ofificers' letters to their 
 friends and dear relatives ! the most joyous Commencement^ 
 morning we had ever seen, and we waked like them that dream 
 
 ' Thomas Pelham, Duke of Newcastle, and at that time Secretary 
 of State, was borti in 1693 and died in 1768. He was afterward First 
 Lord of the Treasury. 
 
 ^ At Harvard Colle<re. 
 
Maine at Louisbiirg in 1^45 45 
 
 at the ringing of the bells at four." Dr. Chauncy,' in his 
 note of congratulation to Pepperrcll, wrote that the people 
 before sunrise were as thick on the streets of Boston " as on 
 an election day, and a pleasing joy visibly sat on the coun- 
 tenance of every one met with." In the evening of July 3rd, 
 the houses in Boston were illuminated, and, as Hubbard wrote 
 to Pepperrell, there was ** a great variety of most curious 
 fireworks." Colonel Nathaniel Sparhawk, Pepperrell's son-in- 
 law, was in Boston at the time, and in a letter to Pepperrell, 
 July 5th, in addition to what Dr. Colman wrote concerning the 
 Harvard Commencement, which occurred on the day in which 
 the news of the surrender was received, he wrote : " The 
 President in his oration at Cambridge did you all the honor he 
 could, nor can you think how much you'l be had in esteem by 
 good men of all ranks. "^ Sermons, having reference to the 
 Capture of Louisburg, were preached in many of the churches. 3 
 But nowhere was the rejoicing greater than in Massa- 
 chusetts counties in Maine, from which came the regiments of 
 
 ' Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. vSoc. Coll., 6tli vSeries, Vol. 10, pp. 
 306, 307- 
 
 ^ Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, 
 p. 318. 
 
 3 Rev. Thomas Prince, pastor of the Old South Church, Boston, 
 took as his theme, " Extraordinary Events, the Doings of God." Rev. 
 Jonathan Edwards, in a long letter to a correspondent in Scotland, dated 
 November 20, 1745, an extract from which was published in " Christian 
 History," Edinburgh, 1745, illustrated " the manifest hand of God in 
 the details of the expedition which captured Louisburg." Mr. 
 Edwards says : "I have had much opportunity to be well-informed of 
 the circumstances of this affair, about twenty of my parishioners being 
 present at the siege and surrender of the place, and among others, a 
 Major of one of the regiments, and the General's Chaplain, both 
 worthy pious men." (A copy of this interesting volume is in the 
 Congregational Library in Boston.) 
 
46 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 Peppcrrell, Waldo and Moulton. In Pepperrell's own town, 
 Kittcry, the manifestations of joy were peculiarly strong and 
 heartfelt. The honors that were surely awaiting the com- 
 mander of the provincial forces would also descend upon the 
 place in which he was born, and in which he had been fitted 
 for the service he had so patriotically rendered. Tidings of the 
 surrender also awakened rejoicing in York, Berwick, Wells, 
 Arundel, Biddeford, Scarborough, Falmouth, and places farther 
 to the eastward. Referring to the tidings from Louisburg, 
 Rev. Samuel Jefferds of Wells wrote to Lieutenant Colonel 
 John Storer : *' I embrace this opportunity to express my 
 joint praises and thanksgivings with you unto God for the 
 marvellous things which he has herein done by and for you 
 and for us, whose holy arm hath gotten him the victory. Here 
 is a new song put into our mouths ; a song of praise to the 
 Lord, for the avenging of Israel when the people willingly 
 offered themselves. We bless God for what he has done, and 
 acknowledge he has laid us under singular obligations of 
 gratitude and thankfulness to those he has been pleased to 
 honor by improving them as happy instruments in this truly 
 great and glorious work. Our hearts should be, and I trust are, 
 carried out in esteem and love, especially towards the Gov- 
 ernors or Rulers of our New England Israel that offered 
 themselves willingly among the people." Parson Smith, in his 
 Journal under date of July 6th, made this entry : " We had 
 news today that Cape Breton was taken the 27th of last 
 month. There is great rejoicing throughout the country. We 
 fired our cannon five times, and spent the afternoon at the 
 fort rejoicing." The celebration was continued the next day, 
 although it was Sunday, and the parson made this entry in 
 his journal : " 7th, Sunday. Our people of the Neck were 
 
Maine at Loiiisburg in 1^45 47 
 
 again all day rejoicing, and extravagantly blew off a vast 
 quantity of powder." Throughout the province a day of public 
 thanksgiving for the success of the provincial arms at Louis- 
 burg was held July i8th.' 
 
 The rejoicing in England was hardly less enthusiastic. In 
 London the Tower guns were fired and the city was illumi- 
 nated. The King, George IL, was at Hanover in Germany, 
 but the Duke of Newcastle lost no time in forwarding to him 
 the joint report of Warren and Pepperrell, and in a letter, 
 August loth, the Duke of Newcastle wrote to Pepperrell, 
 expressing the "gracious approbation " of the King and his 
 great satisfaction at the successful issue ; and he added : " It is 
 a great satisfaction to me to acquaint you that His Majesty has 
 thought fit to distinguish the commanders-in-chief of this 
 expedition by conferring on you the dignity of a Baronet of 
 Great Britain (upon which I beg leave most sincerely to 
 congratulate you), and by giving a flag to Mr. Warren, 
 making him a Rear Admiral."-' The other officers of the 
 expedition, in the land or sea service, were included in the 
 King's expression of " highest satisfaction." Pepperrell 
 received the Duke's letter at Louisburg, August 23, and in 
 his reply he thanked the King for the *' great unexpected 
 
 ' The day was observed at Ivouisburg also, Rev. Elisha Williams, 
 who had been president of Yale College, preaching the sermon. A 
 sheep was given to each company, and a pint of wine was served to 
 each man "to keep thanksgiving with." The wine in all probability 
 was obtained from the captured French stores. 
 
 ^ In England an attempt was made to give Warren the chief credit 
 for the Capture of Louisburg. Even later, Lord John Russell, in his 
 introduction to the Bedford Correspondence, i. p. xliv, making this 
 statement: "Commodore Warren, having been dispatched by the 
 Duke of Bedford for that purpose, took Louisbourg." 
 
48 Maine at Louis burg in 1/43 
 
 dignity " that has been conferred upon his family in creating 
 him a Baronet.' 
 
 In Boston the general joy was considerably lessened by 
 rumors concerning the treatment Pepperrell received from 
 Commodore Warren at the time of the surrender. It was 
 reported that the keys of Louisburg were delivered to Warren, 
 not to Pepperrell, and that throughout the proceedings in 
 connection with the surrender, and also afterward, the 
 Commodore acted too much as though the command of the 
 place belonged to him. These rumors were doubtless occa- 
 sioned by letters from persons connected with the provincial 
 forces, and indignation was freely expressed. Dr. Chauncy 
 wrote to Pepperrell : " It is indeed highly resented by every 
 New England man in Boston, that Mr. Warren should pretend 
 to assume the government at Louisburg, and he has lost a 
 great deal of credit in the affair, and some things are said to 
 your disadvantage for not exerting yourself for the honor of 
 New England upon this occasion." Governor Shirley, in a 
 letter to Pepperrell, July /th, gave expression to his fears as to 
 the consequences of " Mr. Warren's designs to take upon 
 himself the chief command on shore." These rumors concern- 
 ing Commodore Warren's designs, however, rested only on 
 suspicions which some of his actions unfortunately strength- 
 ened. General Pepperrell received the keys of Louisburg, and 
 later delivered them to Governor Shirley on the occasion of the 
 latter's visit to the captured stronghold. Throughout the 
 siege, evidently, Pepperrell was by no means pleased with 
 Commodore Warren's attitude toward the provincial forces ; 
 
 ' Subsequently Pepperrell was made a Colonel in the British army, 
 as also was Gov. Shirley, each with authority to raise a regiment in 
 America, the 65 and 66 of the line. 
 
Maine at Lonisburg in 1^45 49 
 
 but he was tactful in his deahngs with him. Doubtless, if a less 
 resolute officer had been in command of the army, Commodore 
 Warren would have assumed and held the supreme command; 
 but Pepperrell was firm in maintaining his position as com- 
 mander of the land forces, and without creating open antag- 
 onism he succeeded in keeping the Commodore in his position 
 as commander of the sea forces. In his report to Governor 
 Shirley concerning the surrender, he made a most generous 
 reference to Commodore Warren's services." 
 
 Duchambon ^ and his associates brought to France a story 
 of neglect and disaster. Criminations and recriminations 
 followed. De Luynes, in his Memoirs, has this to say 
 concerning the state of things : " People have been willing to 
 doubt about this affair of Louisburg, but unhappily it is only 
 too certain. These misfortunes have given rise to altercations 
 among ministers. It is urged that M. Maurepas is at fault in 
 having allowed Louisburg to fall for the want of munitions. 
 The friends of M. Maurepas contend that he did all that was 
 possible, but could not obtain the necessary funds from the 
 Treasury." 
 
 Some of Pepperrell's officers and men who were much 
 needed at home were allowed to return soon after the 
 
 ' " I esteem it of the happiest consequence that His Majesty's ships 
 were sent here under the command of a gentleman whose distinguished 
 merit and goodness New England claims a particular right to honor and 
 rejoice in. I should want words to express the instances of his zeal in 
 the affair, and the entire readiness he has shown through the whole of 
 it, to give the army all possible assistance, but to your Excellency and 
 every one who knows him, it is enough to say Commodore Warren was 
 here." Letter of June i8, 1745. See Parsons' Life of Sir William 
 Pepperrell, p. 105. 
 
 ^ Duchambon's account of the siege, dated Rochefort, Sept. 2, 
 1745, is in Collection de Manuscrits (Quebec), Vol. 3, p. 237. 
 
so Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 surrender. The larger number, however, were retained until 
 they could be relieved by other troops ordered thither from 
 Gibraltar. In a letter' to his wife, September nth, Pepperrell 
 wrote : " We have not as yet any answer to our express's from 
 England, and it being uncertain whether I shall return this 
 winter, although it is the earnest desire of my soul to be with 
 you and my dear family, I desire to be made willing to submit 
 to him that rules and governs all things well; as to leave this 
 place without liberty I don't think I can on any account." 
 
 Much sickness prevailed in the months following the 
 surrender, as well as before.^ In this letter to Mrs. Pepperrell 
 reference is made to the critical illness of Dr. Bulman of 
 York, surgeon of Pepperrell's regiment, who had been placed 
 in charge of the sick at Louisburg. "And now my dear, I 
 must tell you something of the distress and anguish of my soul. 
 My prudent and valiant Dr. Bulman, although he has had his 
 
 ' Manuscript letter, Willis Papers, Vol. Q., Public Library, 
 Portland, Maine. 
 
 ^ From the last of November, 1745, to January 28, 1746, there 
 were 561 burials at Louisburg, and Pepperrell's force was reduced to 
 less than one thousand men capable of service. The diary of Lieut. 
 Dudley Bradstreet has many references to the sickness and death of 
 officers and men at Louisburg, between Aug. ist, and the close of the 
 year. Proceedings of the Mass. Hist. Soc, 2nd Series, Vol. 11, pp. 
 440-446, When in August, 1751, there was a call for troops. Sir 
 William Pepperrell wrote to Lieut. Gov. Phips : "I have received 
 your Honor's favor of the 31st of last month, wherein I am directed to 
 enlist fifty ablebodied men out of the regiment under my command, 
 and to send them to Falmouth, to be under the directions of Col. 
 Kzekiel Gushing — upon sight of which I sent for Capt. John Harmon, 
 who I think to be a good officer and directed him to enlist the said men. 
 I likewise wrote to all the Captains in this regiment to assist him, and 
 hope your orders will soon be complied with, although men in this part 
 of the Country are very scarce by reason that many was lost at Louis- 
 bourg, Meanus [Minas] and going there." 
 
Maine at Lotnsburg in 1^45 51 
 
 health finely until about six days past, was taken with a 
 nervous fever and given over. I expected the day past he 
 would not have lived, but blessed be God there is some hope 
 this morning. The Lord in great mercy continue him to us if 
 it is his holy and blessed will." Dr. Bulman must have died 
 not long after, as his death is mentioned in a letter from 
 Benjamin and Mary Colman, dated Boston, September 21, 
 1785 ; " Mr. Jones of this town is arrived this morning, and 
 brings us the sorrowful news of the death of Dr. Bulman."' 
 
 The General Court of Massachusetts voted a congratulatory 
 address to Pepperrell and to his officers and men ; also to 
 Warren and his ofificers and men. The provincial troops were 
 not relieved by the British regulars from Gibraltar until toward 
 the end of March, 1746 ; and not many weeks after they made 
 their way back to their New England homes. Pepperrell and 
 Warren remained at Louisburg until June 6,^ 1746, when they 
 sailed for Boston, where they arrived June 24th, and were 
 received with high honors by Governor Shirley and other prom- 
 inent officials. Admiral Warren soon sailed for England.^ July 
 4th, Sir William left Boston on his return to Kittery. On his 
 way thither, at the various court towns, he was received with the 
 ringing of bells, the firing of cannon, and other expressions of 
 
 ' Proceedings Mass. Hist. Soc, 2nd Series, Vol. 11, p. 373. 
 
 * Baxter Manuscripts, Maine Historical Society's Documentary 
 History, 2nd Series, Vol. 11, pp. 325, 326. 
 
 ' For distinguished services in the sea fight off Cape Finisterre in 
 1747, he was made Knight of the Bath. He died July 29th, 1752, and was 
 buried in the north transept of Westminster Abbey. He married 
 Susan, eldest daughter of Stephen de Lancy and Ann Van Cortlandt of 
 New York. Warren and Pepperrell remained strong friends and 
 exchanged portraits. A replica of the portrait of Pepperrell is in 
 Salem, Mass., while the original is said to be in the possession of 
 Warren's descendants in England. 
 
52 Maine at Louisburg in iy45 
 
 welcome. At Portsmouth he dined with Governor Wentworth, 
 and in the evening, in the castle barge, he was taken across the 
 river to his home in Kittery. His reception there was the 
 warm, heartfelt greeting of his family and fellow-townsmen. 
 During his absence he had won fame for himself, and added 
 territory to the dominions of the crown ; and his friend and 
 neighbors crowded around him and hailed him with tributes of 
 affectionate regard. 
 
 One of the men from Maine most signally failed to 
 receive just recognition for his services at Louisburg, namely, 
 Lieutenant Colonel William Vaughan. In the various move- 
 ments for the reduction of the French stronghold he bore a 
 heroic part. After the surrender he made his way to London 
 expecting that his services would secure some adequate 
 reward. In this he was sorely disappointed. While in 
 London he was stricken at length with smallpox, and died in 
 December, 1746, aged forty-three years.' 
 / Pepperrell's soldiers also failed to secure expected tangible 
 rewards. The spoils of Louisburg had little or no money 
 value.^ For the most part, only the officers and sailors of the 
 
 ' Col. William Vaughan of Matinicus and Damariscotta, by Hon. 
 William Goold, Collections of the Me. Hist. Soc, First Series, Vol. 8, 
 pp. 307-9. See also concerning William Vaughan, "The Importance 
 and Advantage of Cape Breton," pp. 128-132. 
 
 ^ Morris O'Brien, who served during the siege in Capt. Peter 
 Staples' Company, brought home, on his return from Louisburg, a 
 brass mortar and pestle. This is now the property of his great, great 
 granddaughter, Mrs. Josephine O'Brien Campbell of Cherryfield, 
 Maine, who has loaned it to the Maine Historical Society. Capt. Moses 
 Pearson of Falmouth received as his share of the spoils of Louisburg 
 two cannon. These he brought home, and soon after the cannon were 
 mounted at Spring Point, Cape Elizabeth, on the site of P'ort Preble. 
 This was the first attempt to erect harbor defences at this Poiut. The 
 
Brass Mortar and Pestle Brought from Louisburg 
 BY Morris O'Brien 
 
Maine at Loiiisbtirg in 1^45 53 
 
 fleet were in any way enriched by the expedition. A few days 
 after the surrender, three large French vessels were captured 
 seeking to enter the harbor of Louisburg. Vessels and cargoes 
 had an estimated value of 1^700,000. Under similar circum- 
 stances, a few weeks later, a still richer prize, a French vessel 
 having on board gold and silver to the amount of more than 
 $4,000,000, was captured off Louisburg. In this case, as in 
 the others, one-half of the prize money went to the crown, 
 and the other half to the officers and men of the fleet, every 
 one of the latter receiving, it is said, more than ;^4,ooo. 
 
 But if the provincial soldiers were not enriched by the 
 spoils of Louisburg, they received during their service there 
 many exceedingly valuable lessons. Best of all they learned 
 the power of united action in the execution of some great 
 purpose. It was the victory at Louisburg that inspired them 
 with the resolve to bring to a speedy end French influence and 
 French dominion on this continent. Many of the men from 
 Maine, as elsewhere in New England, who served at Louisburg, 
 served also in the armies that a few years later at Lake George 
 drove the advancing French forces back to their strongholds 
 on the St. Lawrence, to be finally overcome by Wolfe on the 
 Plains of Abraham in 1759. Some of them, and many of their 
 sons, were among the first to respond to the Lexington Alarm 
 
 cannon have disappeared, and search for them in recent years has not 
 been rewarded. An iron cross on the garrison chapel at Louisburg was 
 brought to Boston by some of the Massachusetts troops, and came at 
 length into the possession of Harvard College. It was kept in Harvard 
 Hall until 1841. It was then stored in the building in which was the 
 exhibition of the panorama of Athens. In 1845, this building was 
 burned, but the cross was recovered and placed in Gore Hall, the 
 library of the College. Justin Winsor, while librarian at Harvard, 
 caused the cross to be gilded and placed over the library entrance. 
 For greater security, it is now kept in Gore Hall. 
 
54 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 in 1775. The drums that were heard at Louisburg were heard 
 at Bunker Hill, and on other battlefields of the Revolution. 
 The Louisburg expedition was a school for the New England 
 militia.' Moreover, it brought the provinces into close and 
 harmonious relations, and developed that power which was at 
 length manifested in the great struggle, which was finally won 
 at Yorktown, and which made the united colonies the United 
 States. 
 
 On the seventeenth of June, 1895, the one hundred and 
 fiftieth anniversary of the capture of Louisburg, the Society of 
 Colonial Wars unveiled on the ruins of the French stronghold 
 a handsome monument commemorating the victory won by the 
 New England troops under Lieutenant General Pepperrell, and 
 by the British and Colonial fleets under Commodore Warren 
 and Captain Tyng. The New York Society was prominent in 
 the erection of this memorial, but generous subscriptions were 
 received from other State societies and from the General 
 Society. The memorial, twenty-six feet in height and weigh- 
 ing sixteen tons, consists of a polished granite shaft resting on 
 a pedestal, and stands on an elevated position not far from the 
 spot where Pepperrell received from the French Commander 
 the keys of the fortress in token of surrender..^ 
 
 ' Edward Everett's Oration, "The Seven Years' War a School of 
 the Revolution." An Oration delivered at Worcester, Mass., on the 
 Fourth of July, 1833. Orations, Vol. I. 
 
 ^ A Louisburg Memorial Fund, under the patronage of the King of 
 Great Britain, has been organized for the purpose of erecting a suitable 
 memorial of the 1758 siege and capture of Louisburg. The work has 
 been directed to the protection of the ruins of the old French Fortress, 
 and was commenced in November, 1903. The outside walls have been 
 cleared of their earth covering and also cemented. The inside arches 
 have also been cemented, and the floors cleared of the accumulations of 
 a century and a half. It is expected that ere long a memorial tower 
 will be erected, marking the spot where France made her last stand in 
 Acadia. 
 
Monument at LouisburCx Erkcted in 1895 bv the 
 Society of Colonial Wars 
 
ASCERTAINABLE LISTS OF 
 
 OFFICERS AND MEN FROM WHAT IS NOW 
 
 THE STATE OF MAINE 
 
 WHO WERE AT 
 
 LOUISBURG WITH PEPPERRELL IN 1745. 
 
LISTS OF MAINE OFFICERS 
 
 AND MEN 
 
 The rolls of the men who served in the Ivouisburg expedition of 
 1745, have not been preserved so far as is now known. They are not in 
 the Massachusetts archives, and it has been supposed that they were 
 sent to England by Gen. Pepperrell. In a letter which he addressed to 
 the Duke of Newcastle June 28, 1745, — accordingly, not long after the 
 surrender, — Pepperrell wrote : "I have now the honor to enclose to 
 your Grace an account of what troops were raised in each of His- 
 Majesty's governments in New England which were aiding in this 
 expedition and the present state of them. ' ' This statement has awakened 
 in some the hope that the "account " mentioned might have been broad 
 enough to include a roll of the colonial forces under Pepperrell's 
 command ; and that an examination of the documents in the records 
 offices of the British government in London would bring such a roll to 
 light. A more or less extended examination in these offices has been 
 made at different times by persons interested in the history of the 
 expedition, but no rolls of Pepperrell's men have been found. 
 
 The most careful search in this direction was made in 1897, in accor- 
 dance i^with a resolve passed by the General Court of Massachusetts 
 directing the Secretary of State, Col. William M. Olin, to ascertain and 
 report whether or not there are in existence in England, rolls of the 
 Fifth Massachusetts Colonial Regiment, and of all the forces engaged in 
 the Louisburg expedition of the year 1745. In accordance with this 
 action of the General Court, Col. Olin addressed a letter to the Depart- 
 ment of State at Washington, requesting that the proper inquiry might 
 be made through the regular official channels, deeming that course more 
 likely to be effectual than any other. Hon. John Sherman was at that 
 time Secretary of State, and in response to this request of Secretary 
 Olin, he made the inquiry through Hon. John Hay, then our ambassador 
 to the Court of Great Britain. Mr. Hay referred the inquiry to Mr. B. 
 F. Stevens, the United States despatch agent in London, an expert on 
 
58 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 such subjects. In his reply to Mr. Sherman, October 9, 1897, Mr. Hay 
 wrote that every facility was afforded to Mr. Stevens by " the officers of 
 the record office in his careful search among the documents of the 
 colonial, admiralty, audit and war offices, and, though his search for the 
 desired rolls was unsuccessful, he nevertheless obtained certain col- 
 lateral information as to the colonial forces engaged in this expedition ; " 
 and he enclosed a letter from Mr. Stevens expressing his regret that he 
 was unable to find the desired rolls and adding the following concerning 
 this collateral information : 
 
 " In the absence of the desired rolls, I have sought for collateral 
 information as to the colonial forces engaged in this expedition. There 
 are four thin books in the audit office, unique of their kind, giving the 
 skeleton ' establishment ' of the Cape Breton forces in 1 745-48. The 
 number of men is given, but not the names." 
 
 ' " Among the colonial ofiice papers is a register of the commissions 
 in the army under the command of the Hon. William Pepperrell for an 
 expedition against the French settlement at Cape Breton. This register 
 gives the names of the officers of the forces sent out by Massachusetts> 
 New Hampshire and Connecticut that captured Louisburg, June 17, 1745-" 
 There remained a possibility that in some way the rolls of 
 Pepperrell's men at Louisburg might have found a place in the 
 archives in the Provincial Building at Halifax, Nova Scotia ; and the 
 General Court of Massachusetts in 1898 authorized and instructed the 
 Secretary of the Commonwealth to ascertain and report to the General 
 Court whether or not there were any such rolls in existence there. 
 Colonel Olin visited Halifax for this purpose, and though a careful 
 search was made for any such rolls, it was unavailing. 
 
 I am inclined to the opinion, therefore, that one of the " four 
 thin books," found by Mr. Stevens in the audit office in London, 
 contains the information given by Gen. Pepperrell in his "account of 
 what troops were raised in each of His Majesty's governments in New 
 England" in connection with the Louisburg expedition of 1745. 
 Pepperrell's statement seems to indicate that just such information as 
 is there found, giving the number of men comprising the colonial 
 forces in the expedition, was communicated by him, when he wrote to 
 the Duke of Newcastle, June 28, 1745. If so, there is no hope that any 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 59 
 
 added exploration among the papers of the record offices in London, or 
 elsewhere, will meet with better success. 
 
 Accordingly I have attempted, in connection with the foregoing 
 account of Maine at Louisburg in 1745, to bring together as many of 
 the names of Maine men who served under Pepperrell in that mem- 
 orable expedition as it now seems possible to obtain. In doing this I 
 have been largely indebted to the earlier labors of Hon. Edward E. 
 Bourne of Kennebunk and Hon, Charles Hudson of Lexington, Mass. 
 Mr. Bourne, in 1S66, prepared a list of two hundred and twenty-one 
 names of officers and men who were with Pepperrell at Louisburg. 
 This list was published in volume 22 (April 1868) of the New England 
 Historical and Genealogical Register, pp. 116, 117. In an introductory 
 note Mr. Bourne said he had been surprised to learn ' ' that the rolls of 
 the 3250 men who were engaged in that memorable expedition " were 
 not to be found in the archives of Massachusetts. His list, consisting 
 largely of the names of Maine officers and men, is as follows : 
 
 Hon. E. E. Bourne's List of Officers and Men. 
 
 Company under the command of Col. John Storer. 
 
 John Fairfield (ist Lieut.), Nathaniel Kimball (2d Lieut.), John 
 Keene, Charles White, Daniel Sayer (Clerk), Joseph Taylor, Benjamin 
 Curtis, Pendleton Fletcher (Corporal), Ichabod Cousins (Sergeant), 
 Joshua Lasell, Peter Rich, Enoch Davis (Sergeant), Phillip Devotion, 
 Matthew Lindsey, James Jypson, Edward Evans, Lemuel Clark, John 
 Burks, James Read, James Littlefield, John Huston, Aaron Lord, 
 John Crediford, Benjamin March, John Look (Sergeant), Joshua 
 Kimball (Corporal), Ichabod Dunham, Isaac Danforth, Benjamin 
 Jellison (Corporal), Joseph Crediford, Ichabod Jellison, Isaac Buswell, 
 William Robinson, Matthew Robinson, Caleb Kimball, Ebenezer 
 Littlefield, Joseph Curtis, John Bagshaw, Joseph Webber, Joshua 
 Adams, Benjamin Curtis,' Joseph Taylor,' Jonathan Adams (Corporal), 
 Aaron Lord,' William Curtis, Benjamin Jacobs, James Wilson, Joseph 
 Boston, John McDaniel, John Dean, John Eldridge, Simeon Merrifield,. 
 
 ' Same names already given, but not necessarily the same party. 
 
6o Maine at Louisburg in I 'J 45 
 
 James Gilpatrick, John Wakefield, Jr., Edmund Welch, Thomas 
 Wheelright, John Winn, Gershom Boston, Shebuleth Boston, James 
 Littlefield, Jr., Benjamin Hatch (Sergeant), Caleb Kimball, Jr., John 
 Canaway, Benjamin Cousins. 
 
 Captain Cornelius Soul's Company. 
 John Ross, Nathaniel Fairfield, Peter Pendergrass, Amos Harris. 
 
 Captain John Kinslagh's Company. 
 
 Thomas Mahony, Corporal Butler, Lawrence Allen, Daniel 
 
 McMarrow, Abraham Martin, Richard Linch, Daniel McEffee. 
 
 Captain Thomas Perkins's Company. 
 Bryant Paul, John Hamor, Jesse Dorman, Stephen Harding, Asa 
 Burbank, Nathan Martin, Eliphalet Perkins, Richard Perry, James 
 Deshon, Jeremiah Springer, Allison Lassell, Joseph Cole, John Carr, 
 Jonathan Thompson, Edward Stuart, Samuel Hutchins, Nathaniel 
 Bailey, Timothy Burbank, Jedediah Wakefield, Amos Hardy, Benjamin 
 Cousens, David Hutchins, Enoch Danforth, Rolandson Bond, 
 Shadrach Watson, James Sampson, Stephen Averill, Levi Hutchins, 
 Benjamin Palmore. 
 
 Captain Moses Pierson's' Company. 
 David Doughty, John Ayres. 
 
 Captain Moses Butler's Company. 
 John Lewis, Moses Spenser, John Nason, Ichabod Corson, Thomas 
 Withum, John Conner, Ephraim Joy, Samuel Holmes, William Perry, 
 John Clark, Solomon Walker, Samuel Jones, Samuel Grant, Samuel 
 Lord, Joseph White, Nathan Lord, Israel Pierce, Peter Grant 
 (Lieutenant), Israel Honewell, Elias Grant, Adam Goodwin, William 
 Chadboume, Noah Nason, John Davis, Samuel Getchell, John Pierce, 
 James Stimpson, Samuel Allen, James Gerrish, James Mecarel, Nathan 
 Goodwin, Gideon May,Ichabod Tibbets, Ezekiel Wentworth.^ 
 
 ■ Sometimes Pearson's. 
 
 '^ The late Rev. George Lewis, D. D., of South Berwick, in answer to an inquiry, 
 wrote as follows concerning this list : " The following were connected with the church of 
 which I am now pastor : Peter Butler, Peter Grant, Moses Spencer, John Nason, John 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 6l 
 
 Major Cutts's Company. 
 Enoch Hutchins. Henry Miles, Job Ivunt, Dennis Downing, Joseph 
 Troy, Nathaniel Hicks, John Carter, Bray Dearing, Samuel Billings, 
 Patrick Loller, James Webber, John Tobey, John Pariman, Daniel 
 Catten, Thomas Arcules, Ebenezer Leach, Samuel Cluff, Moses 
 Furnald, William Furbish, Robert More, Enoch Stevens, Solomon 
 Rose, Samuel Hooper, James Spinney. 
 
 Captain Peter Staples's Company. 
 Thomas Hardy (ist Lieutenant), John Burbank (2d Lieutenant), 
 George Knight, Parker Gowel, Hugh McLellan, John Furbish, James 
 Goodwin, Samuel Chadbovtrne, John Try, John Pudsleigh, Josiah Clark, 
 John Lydstone, Edward Hammond, Peter Withum, Daniel Lydstone, 
 Benjamin Leach, Andrew Green, Daniel Wilson, Joshua Brooks, 
 James Abbot, Ichabod Corsen, Uriah Hanscom, Zimri Hanscom, Simeon 
 Dam, George Marriner, Thomas Allen, Bartholomew Withum, John 
 Thompson, John Ayers, Jonathan Thomas. 
 
 Captain William Warner's Company of Boston.' 
 Thomas Lisinby, Benjamin Ropes, John Layer, Robert Gilbert, 
 James Thom. 
 
 Captain Nathaniel Donnell's Company. 
 Josiah George, Sergeant Dotson, Shubael Boston, Jonathan 
 Say ward, David Morrison, John Clement, Leavitt, Joseph Boston. 
 
 Connor, Ephraim Joy, Solomon Walker, Samuel Grant, Samuel Lord, Joseph White, 
 Nathan Lord, Israel Pierce, Elias Grant, Wm. Chadbourne, Samuel Getchel, James 
 Stimpson, James Gerrish, Gideon May and Ezekiel Wentwortli. The other names in the 
 list were common names in this region one hundred and sixty years ago, with the possible 
 exception of Mecarel and Honewell, and it is probable that all of them were Berwick 
 men." 
 
 ' Col. William M. Olin, Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 
 in answer to an inquiry as to the residence of Captain Warner, makes the following 
 statement : " The only reference to William Warner in connection with the military 
 service during the province period is that found in the Register of Commissioned 
 Officers secured by this office from the State Paper Office in London. An examination 
 was made of the record index to the muster rolls series covering the period 1710-1774 in 
 order to ascertain whether or not he might have rendered service in a previous campaign, 
 but no reference whatever was found to the name William Warner. I am unable, there- 
 fore, to supply you with any information as to his actual or probable place of residence." 
 
62 Maine at Louisburg in 1745 
 
 Rev. Samuel Moody, of York, as is well known, was one of the 
 <2haplains. Dr. Alexander Bulman, of York, was a Surgeon, and died 
 in the service. 
 
 When Mr. Bourne, in 1875, published his History of Wells and 
 Kennebunk, he inserted the following list of the men of Wells who 
 served under Pepperrell at L,ouisburg in 1745 : 
 
 Col. John Storer, Capt. ; John Fairfield, ist Lieut. ; Nathaniel 
 Kimball, 2d Lieut. ; Daniel Sayer, Clerk ; Enoch Davis,' Sergt. ; 
 Benjamin Hatch, Sergt. ; Ichabod Cousins, Sergt. ; John Look, Sergt. ; 
 Benjamin Jellison, Corp. ; Joshua Kimball,' Corp. ; Pendleton Fletcher, 
 Corp. ; Jonathan Adams, Corp. ; Isaac Buswell, Drummer ; John 
 Huston, John Sinkler, James Gilpatrick, John McDaniel, James Read, 
 Benjamin Jacobs, Gershom Boston, Thomas Boston, Joshua Lasell, John 
 Crediford, Edward Evans, Joseph Crediford, Edmund Welch, Joseph 
 Taylor, Benjamin Curtis, Thomas Wheelright, William Robinson, James 
 Littlefield," Matthew Linsey, EHmuel Clark, Joshua Adams, James Reed, 
 Aaron Lord, Peter Rich, John Eldridge, Simeon Merryfield, Michael 
 Wilson, Joseph Boston, Matthew Robison,' Joseph Webber, Ichabod 
 Dunham, James Jepson, Isaac Danforth, John Dean, Philip Devotion, 
 John Burks, Charles White, Ebenezer Littlefield, Joseph Curtis, Caleb 
 Kimball, John Kenne, William Curtis,' Ichabod Jellison, John Bagshaw, 
 James Littlefield, Jr., John Canaway, Jedediah JPreble, Shebuleth 
 Boston, James Wilson.' 
 
 Hon. Charles Hudson's List oif Ofmcers. 
 
 In the New England Historical and Genealogical Register for 
 October, 1870, (pp. 367-380,) Hon. Charles Hudson, who for many 
 years had been interested in collecting the names of those who had 
 served under Pepperrell at Louisburg, published a list of the commis- 
 sioned officers in that expedition, his attention having been called to it 
 by the librarian of the Massachusetts Historical Society. This list, which 
 belonged to the Belknap papers in the possession of the Society, is the 
 
 1 Died at Louisburg. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in ly^^ 63 
 
 same as the list which Mr. Stevens found among the papers in the 
 Colonial office in Ivondon, and which is published by the Society in the 
 appendix to the tenth volume of the Sixth Series of the Society's Col- 
 lections (pp. 497-515) . except that it contains additional names of officers 
 commissioned at a later date, and some other regiments. 
 
 The following is the list of general officers thus obtained and also 
 of the commissioned officers of the three Maine regiments in Pepperrell's 
 expeditionary force, namely Pepperrell's, Waldo's and Moulton's. 
 
 General Officers. 
 William Pepperrell, Esq., Lieut. General and Commander-in-Chief 
 of all the Forces by Sea and Land in sd Expedition, &c., dated 31st Jan., 
 1745- From Gov. Shirley and Gov. Law and Gov. Wentworth, with a 
 Commission from Gov. Shirley to hold Courts Martial, March 19th, 
 1744, and to appoint necessary and proper Officers therefor. Roger 
 Wolcott, Esq., Major General, from Gov. Shirley, dated March 7, 1745, 
 Samuel Waldo, Esq., Brig. Gen., dated Feb. 7, 1745, from Gov. Shirley. 
 Joseph Dwight, Brig. Gen., dated Feb. 20, 1745, from Gov. Shirley. 
 
 Commissions in the First Regiment of the Massachusetts Troops 
 received from Gov. Shirley. 
 Hon. Wm. Pepperrell, Esq., Col. and Capt. of the ist Co., 3i3t Jan. 
 1744; John Bradstreet, Esq., 2d Col. and Capt. of the 2d Co.; Feb., 1744; 
 John Storer, Esq., 2d Lieut. Col. and Capt. of the 3d Co., 5th Feb., 1744; 
 Richard Cutt, Esq., Maj. and Capt. of the 4th A. Co., 5th Feb., 1744; 
 Peter Staples, Capt. Lieut., ist Co., 5th Feb., 1744 ; Eph. Baker,' Capt. 
 2d Co., i6th Feb., 1744; John Kinsleagh,' Capt. 5th Co., 2d Feb., 1744; 
 John Harman, Capt., 6th Co., 5th Feb. ; Moses Butler, Capt., 7th Co., 
 5th Feb.; Thomas Perkins, Capt. 8th Co., 5th Feb.; Will Warner, 
 Capt., 9th Co., 5th Feb.; Moses Pearson, Capt., loth Co., 6th Feb. ; 
 John Butler, Lieut. 2d Co., i6th Feb.; John Fairfield, Lieut. 3d Co., 
 5th Feb.; Bray Deering, Lieut., 4th Co., 5th Feb.; Andrew Watkins, 
 
 Lieut., 5th Co., 2d Feb. ; Benj. Harman, Lieut. 6th Co., 5th Feb. ; 
 
 Lieut. 7th Co., ; John Burbank, Lieut., 8th Co., 5th Feb. ; George 
 
 1 2d and 5th Companies were from Massachusetts. 
 
64 Maine at Louisbnrg in 174^ 
 
 Gerrish, Lieut., 9th Co., 5th Feb. ; George Knight, Lieut., 10th Co., 6th 
 Feb.; George Gowell, 2d Lieut., ist Co., 5th Feb.; Joel Whittemore, 
 Ensign, ist Co., 5th Feb. ; John Greenough, Josiah Rice, Ensigns, 2d 
 Co., i6th Feb. ; Nathaniel Kimball, Ensign, 3d Co., 5th Feb. ; Charles 
 Cavenaugh, Ensign, 5th Co., 2d Feb. ; Jos. Weeks, Ensign, 4th Co., 5th 
 
 Feb.; Thos. Adams, Ensign, 6th Co., 5th Feb.; Ensign, 7th Co., 
 
 ; Tho. Hardy, Ensign, 8th Co., 5th Feb. ; John Bridge, Ensign, 
 
 9th Co., 5tli Feb.; James Springer, Ensign, loth Co., 6th Feb.; Jos. 
 Goldthwait, Adjutant, 12th March; John Gorman Armourer, ist Feb. 
 
 Joseph Stevens, afterwards, Lieut., Nov. 28th, 1745; Danl, Wilson, 
 afterwards. Ensign; Christopher Jephson, afterwards, ist Lieut., June 
 17th; Thos. Callis, afterwards, Lieut., Aug. 2d ; Peter Grant, afterwards, 
 Lieut., Feb. 5th, 1744; John Lewis, afterwards. Ensign, Feb. 5th ; Joel 
 Whittemore, afterwards, Lieut., July 20th; Wm. Crosby, afterwards. 
 Adjutant, July 20th ; Edmund D wight, afterwards. Captain, Oct. 15th; 
 Nathl. Collins, afterwards, Lieut., Oct. 15th ; Jonathan Kellogg, after- 
 wards. Captain, Oct. 15th ; Aaron Hitchcock, afterwards, Lieut., Oct. i6th. 
 
 Benj. Titcomb, Ensign Bagly's Co., Nov. i, 1745 ; Nathan Payson, 
 Lieut. Capt. Pearson's Co., Feb. 28, 1745; David Gunnison, Ens. Capt. 
 Staples's Co., May i, 1746; Joshua Insley, Ens. Capt. Pearson's Co., 
 May I, 1746. 
 
 Commissions granted by Gov. Shirley at Louisburg. 
 
 John Shaw, Lieut, in Gen. Pepperrell's Regt., Oct. 27, 1745. 
 
 Commissions in the Second Massachusetts Regiment, whereof 
 the Hon. Samuel Waldo, Esq., is Colonel. 
 Samuel Waldo, Esq., Col. and Capt., ist Co., 5th Feb., 1744; Arthur 
 Noble, Esq., Lieut. Col. and Capt., 2d Co., 5th Feb. ; William Hunt, 
 Major, 15th Feb. ; Samuel Moodey, Capt., ist Co., gtli Feb. ; John 
 Watts, Capt., 2d Co., 8th Feb. ; Philip Dumaresque, Capt., 3rd Co., 8th 
 Feb.; Benj. Goldthwaith, Capt., 4th Co., 9th Feb.; Danl. Hale, Capt., 
 5th Co., nth Feb.; Jacob Stevens, Capt., 6th Co, 9th Feb.; James 
 Noble, Capt., 7th Co., 8th Feb.; Richd. Jacques, Capt., 8th Co., 9th 
 Feb.; Danl. Fogg, Capt., 9th Co., T3th Feb.; Jere. Richardson, Capt., 
 loth Co., 8th Feb.; Charles Proctor, Lieut., ist Co., 9th Feb. ; James 
 Noble, Lieut., 2d Co., 8th Feb. ; Josiah Crosby, Lieut., 3d Co., 8th Feb. ; 
 
Maine at Louis burg in 1^45 65 
 
 Charles Harrison, Lieut., 4th Co., 9th Feb. ; James Bailey, Lieut., 5th 
 Co., iitli Feb.; Ste£hgiiJ^/;gbster, Lieut., 6th Co., 9th Feb.; Solomon 
 Bragdon, Lieiit., 7th Co., 8th Feb.; Wm. Allen, Lieut., 8th Co., 19th 
 Feb. ; John Libbee, Lieut., 9th Co., i6th Feb.; Clemt. Chamberlain, 
 Lieut., loth Co., 8th Feb. ; John Murphej^ Ensign, istCo., 9th Feb. ; 
 John Cargill, Ensign, 2d Co., 8th Feb.; Tho. French, Ensign 3rd Co., 
 15th Feb.; Joseph Newhall, Ensign, 4th Co., Mar. 5, 1744; Abraham 
 Edwards, Ensign, 5th Co., Feb. 11; Edmond Morse, Ensign, 6th Co., 
 Feb. 9; Danl. Mesharvey, Ensign, 7th Co., Feb. 8; Edward Clark, 
 Ensign, 8th Co., Feb. 9; Jona. Lord, Ensign, 9th Co., Feb. i6th ; John 
 Russell, Ensign, loth Co., Feb. 8; John Shaw, Second Lieut., June 12 ; 
 Nathl. Mountford, Commissary, March 9, 1744; Benj. Williams, Lieut, 
 in Maj. Noble's Co., Jan. 10, 1745; Benj. Easterbrooks, Lieut. Capt. 
 Soul's Co., March 3, 1745 ; Jona. Trumbal, Lieut, in Capt. Watkin's Co., 
 March 17, 1745; Joseph Waldo, ist Lieut, in Brig. Waldo's Co., March 
 28, 1746. 
 
 John Lemmon, afterwards. Ensign, May 10, 1745; Andrew Watkins, 
 afterwards, Capt. 8th Co., May 4, 1745; Joseph Newhall, afterwards, ist 
 Lieut., July 20; Sebastian Zouberbhuler, afterwards. Captain, Jan. 10; 
 John Sterns, afterwards, Capt. of a Co., Nov. 30, 1745. 
 
 Commissions granted by Gov. Shirley at Louisburg. 
 John Huston, Capt., Oct. 2, 1745; James Fry, Capt., Oct. 2; Ephm. 
 Hayward, Capt., Oct. 2; Jona. Hubbard, Capt., Oct. 2; Jos. Clark, 
 Capt., Oct. 24; Saml. Waldo, Jr., Capt., Oct. 12; Jona. Smith, Capt., 
 
 Oct. 21 ; Abm. Edwards, Capt., Oct. 2 ; James Noble, Major; 
 
 Clark, Lieut; Thos. Waldron, Lieut., Oct. 12; John Moore, Lieut., Oct. 
 21; Jeremy Pearson, Lieut., Oct. 2; Jona. Hoar, Lieut., Oct. 29; Jeremy 
 Powers, Ensign, Oct. 21; John March, 2d Lieut. Oct. 2; Benj. Butter- 
 field, Ensign, Oct. 29; John Malcomb, Ensign, Oct. 29; Elisha Strong, 
 2d Lieut., Oct. 2; Dudley Bradstreet, 2d Lieut., Oct. 2; John Fry, ist 
 Lieut, in Capt. Fry's Co., Oct. 2, 1745; Nathl. Pettingall, 2d Lieut, in 
 2d Co., Oct. 2; John Bell, Lieut, in Capt. Howard's Co., Oct. 2. 
 
 Commissions in the Third Massachusetts Regiment, whereof 
 the Hon. Jere. Moulton, Esq., is Colonel. 
 Jeremiah Moultou, Esq., Col. and Capt., ist Co., Feb. 5, 1744; Nathl. 
 
66 Maine at Lonisbnrg in 1^45 
 
 Donnell, Esq., Lieut. Col. and Capt., 2(1 Co., Feb. 5; Edward Ellis, 
 Esq., Major and Capt., 3rd Co., Feb. 25, 1744; Christopher Marshall, 
 Capt., 3rd Co., Feb. 15; James Grant, Capt., 4th Co., Feb. i ; Chas. King, 
 Capt., 5th Co., Feb. i; Peter Prescott, Capt. 6th Co., Feb. 9; Amnii 
 
 Ruammah Cutter, Capt., 7th Co., ; Saml. Rhodes, Capt., 8th Co., 
 
 Jan. 29; Bartholomew Trow, Capt., 9th Co., Feb. 15 ; Estes Hatch, Capt., 
 
 lothCo., Feb. 4; , Capt. L/ieut., ist Co., ■ ; , Lieut., 2d 
 
 Co., ; Benj. Stansbury, Lieut., 3rd Co., Feb. i; Bcnj.Phippen, Lieut., 
 
 4th Co., Feb. I ; John Marston, Lieut., 5th Co., Feb. 4; William Larken, 
 
 Lieut., 6th Co., Feb. 9; , Lieut., 7th Co., ; Jona. Hartshorn, 
 
 Lieut., 8th Co., Feb. 8th ; Joseph Miller, Lieut. 9th Co., Feb. 15 ; Ebenr. 
 
 Newhall, Lieut., loth Co., Feb. 4; , 2d Lieut., ist Co., ; 
 
 , 2d Lieut., 2d Co., ; Nathl. Richardson, Ensign, 3rd Co., 
 
 Feb. 15; Israel Porter, Ensign, 4th Co., Feb. i ; Joseph Gerrish, Ensign, 
 
 5tli Co., Feb. 14; Jona. Hoar, Ensign, 6th Co., Feb. 9; , Ensign, 
 
 7tli Co., ; John Hearsey, Ensign, 8th Co., Feb. 8th; Joseph 
 
 Fairbanks, Ensign, 9tli Co., Feb. 8; Ebenr. Sumner, Ensign, loth Co., 
 Feb. 4; James Donnell, Ensign, Feb. 5 ; John Lane, Lieut., Feb. 5. 
 
 John Card, afterwards, ist Lieut., Feb. 7; Saml. Black, afterwards, 2d 
 Lieut., Feb. 7, 1745; John Trevitt, afterwards, Adjutant, May 6, 1745; 
 James Donnel, afterwards. Ensign, Feb. 7; Ebenr. Sumner, afterwards, 
 ist Lieut., July 15; Edward Carter, afterwards, 2d Lieut., July 15; 
 Andrew Lemercier, Jr., afterwards, ist Lieut., July 15. 
 
 Hon. Chari^es Hudson's List of Oi'incicRS and Men. 
 
 In the New England Historical and Genealogical Register for July, 
 1871, (pp. 249-269), Mr. Hudson published a list of soldiers in Gen. 
 Pepperrell's army, so far as he had been able to obtain their names after 
 a long continued search. The preparation of this list had been attended 
 with inherent difficulties. " The lists I have found," he said, " do not 
 profess to give the full roll of companies, but only the lists of such men 
 as were under the command of certain officers at a particular time, or 
 the list of men fit for service at a given day, or of the men who selected 
 a certain officer to act as their agent to obtain what bounty might fall to 
 their lot. There is also a confusion of names very difficult to clear up. 
 The same name may and does sometimes appear on different lists ; and 
 
Maine at Lonisburg in 1^45 67 
 
 whether these are different persons or the same individual, it is often 
 impossible to tell. Where the same name oceurs in different companies 
 and regiments, I have set them down as distinct individuals ; but in 
 case one list purported to be the list of Capt. A's company, and the other 
 was a list of men who chose Capt. B to act as their agent, I have gener- 
 ally supposed that it might be the same person in both, if there was no 
 evidence to the contrary. There is also a confusion arising from the 
 different spelling of the same name. I have generally adopted the 
 orthography as I find it in the list. 
 
 " There is also a confusion in the title of the officers. The same 
 individual is set down as General and Colonel, or as Colonel or Major 
 and Captain, at the same time. By referring to the list of commissioned 
 officers in the Register [that given on preceding pages in this 
 volume], it will be seen that almost every Colonel, Lieut. Colonel and 
 Major has his particular company. This was customary in the English 
 service at that day. A knowledge of this fact will remove much obscu- 
 rity which might otherwise exist. There is also a diificulty in classify- 
 ing the companies l)y the name of their commanders. Sometimes the 
 company may be under the command of a Lieutenant or even of an 
 Ensign. Besides, the promotions rendered necessary by death, resigna- 
 tion and other causes, may give the same company two or three 
 different commanders in a short space of time ; and hence what might 
 otherwise be regarded as a surplus of oflicers may be accounted for. The 
 lists I herewith present are not to be considered as the proper rolls of 
 the respective companies, but simply such lists as I have collected from 
 different sources. Some of them are merely the sanitary condition of 
 the company at a particular day, some a list of petitioners for a certain 
 object, and others have been gleaned from sources too numerous to 
 mention." 
 
 Mr. Hudson states that in addition to the valuable information 
 obtained from Mr. Bourne's published list, he obtained a large number 
 of names from a book kept by Moses Pearson of l"\ilmouth, who entered 
 the service as Captain of the loth company in Pepperrell's regiment, 
 but subsequently was made its paymaster. This book was at this time 
 in the possession of Wm. Willis of Portland. It has now a place in the 
 Willis manuscripts in the Public Library, Portland, Vol. Q, pp. 1-91. 
 
68 Maine at Loiiishirg in 1^45 
 
 Mr. Hudson also greatly enlarged his list from the Pepperrell Papers in 
 the archives of the Massachusetts Historical Society and also from the 
 records of the Council for that period. The lists in the Pepperrell 
 Papers have since been published by the Massachusetts Historical 
 Society in the appendix to the Pepperrell Papers. (Vol. lo, Sixth Series 
 of the Society's Collections, pp. 497-561). 
 
 The following is Mr. Hudson's list of the officers and men in the 
 three regiments at Louisburg from what is now the State of Maine : 
 
 First Massachusetts Regiment, Sir William Pepperrell. 
 
 1st Company, Capt. Peter Staples, of Artillery. This company was 
 subsequently commanded by Richard Mumford, commissioned June 
 3rd, 1745. 
 
 Ivieut. George Gowell, Lieut. Joel Whittemore, Ensign Daniel 
 Wilson, Serg. Hugh McClauan, Corp. Benjamin L [each], Corp. George 
 Knight, Jonathan Thomas, Zimariah Hanscome, John Thompson, John 
 Ruggsley, Bartholomew Whitton, Cato Farwell, George Black, Benjamin 
 Leach, John Lydston, James Gooding, John Ayers, William Remish, 
 William Allen, James Spinney, John Pinkim, Joseph Greenleaf, Thomas 
 Allen, Simery Hanson, David Spinney, Uriah Hanson, William 
 Pettygrew, George Marriner, Jedediah Spring, Simon Emery, Nathaniel 
 Hooper, John Ranking, Edward Hammon, Robert Due, Moses Bryan, 
 John Banker, Richard Dolley, James Goodwin, George Manenow. 
 
 All from a frontier town in the County of York. 
 
 3d Company, Capt. Storer. 
 
 Capt. Storer was selected to receive the bounty of a large number of 
 soldiers. This company was subsequently commanded by Joshua 
 Champlin, commissioned June 3rd, 1745. 
 
 Lieut. John Fairfield, Lieut. Samuel Eldred, Ens. Jeffrey Champlin, 
 Serg. Enoch Davis, Joshua Kimball, Benjamin Jellison, Joseph 
 Littlefield, Matthew Robinson, Charles W^hite, Ichabod Jellison, John 
 Adams, Jonathan Bagshaw, Edward Evans, John Garney, John Crafford, 
 James Reed, Edward Welch, James Taylor, Isaac Danforth, Benjamin 
 Curtis, William Curtis, John Dean, James Gibson, Lemuel Clark, John 
 Kimball, * Joshua Laffit, * James Littlefield, * Joshua Adams, * Ichabod 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 69 
 
 Dunham, * John Credison,* John Bagshaw, * Joseph Taylor,* Joseph 
 Webber.* 
 
 The men above whose names are distinguished by a star (*) were of 
 Capt. Storer's company, and were left at Ivouisburg, Oct. 24, 1745. 
 
 4th Company, Captain Richard Cutts. 
 
 I find no list of his men. Bray Deering was a Lieutenant in his 
 company and Joseph Week, Ensign. After the capture of Louisburg 
 most of the soldiers left for their respective homes ; but anticipating a 
 portion of the spoils which would fall to their lot, the following named 
 men appointed Major Richard Cutts their agent to receive in their 
 behalf whatever might belong to them. It is highly probable that most of 
 these men belonged to his company. 
 
 John Taker, John Walker, Job Lunt, Jabies Fairfield, Davis 
 Downing, Samuel Leach, Joseph Jenkins, Enoch Hastings, Reuben 
 Mace, Samuel Hooper, Thomas Bairman, Thomas Femand, James 
 Willey, John Tobey, Thomas Sewall, James Arckle, Enoch Stevens, 
 Joseph Tay, Samuel Jeunison, Samuel Billings, Ebenezer Leach, John 
 Carter, Richard Carter, Thomas Arckle, Charles Smith, Tobias Allen, 
 Benjamin Finnix, William Cu'rrash, John Cain, Daniel Caton, Solomon 
 Rose, James Spiney, David Gunnerson, Gideon Parker, James Amey, 
 Patrick O'Lollers, Samuel Clough, Joseph Jennison, Moses Firnald, 
 James Webb, William Stevens, Joseph Weakly, Caleb Hutchens, Robert 
 Moore, Richard Finnix, Thomas Jenkins, Elisha Holbrook, Jonathan 
 Brown, Enoch Stevens, Samuel Kenney, John Bairman. 
 
 6th Company, Capt. John Harmon. 
 I have not been able to find any list of Capt. Harmon's men. 
 Benjamin Harmon was his Lieutenant, and Joseph Adams his Ensign. 
 
 7th Company, Capt. Moses Butler. 
 
 The only list of his company that I have been able to find is the 
 following meagre one : 
 
 Lieut. Dexter Grant, Ensign John Lewis, John Clark, Michael 
 Wooson, John Mory, Jonathan Lewis, Micah Woodman, John Muzzey, 
 Ichabod Tibitts, James McCarrid, Samuel Grant, Samuel Jones, Nathan 
 Goodwin, John Laws. 
 
70 Maine at Lonisburg iti 1^45 
 
 8th Company, Capt. Thomas Perkins. 
 
 The following is all I can learn of his Company. 
 
 Lient. John Bnrbank, Ensign Thomas Hardy, Jesse Jellison, 
 Rollesin Bond, James Samson, John Carr, Elizer Leardon, Brian Paul, 
 Joseph Webber, Nathaniel Martin, James Murrey, Elisha Perkins, Noah 
 Peenir, John Gerry, John Wells, Joseph Clark, Samuel Jones, Samuel 
 Grant, James Gerrish, Nathaniel Gooding, James McCarrill, Ichabod 
 Tibbitts, Micah Woodsome. 
 
 gth Company, Capt. William Warner. 
 Lieut. George Gerry, Ens. John Bridge, Serg. Samuel Buckner, 
 Corp. Samuel Muggridge, Corp. Thomas Romoril, James Thorne, 
 Benjamin Ropes, Richard Richardson, Thomas Lessenby, Robert Cubb, 
 James Leara, Charles Nichols, Edmund Ruby, James Thomas, John 
 Allen, Shubel Cook, Nathaniel Flynn, Samuel Millett, Robert 
 Simmons, Nathaniel Williams, A. Culbert, Samuel Newhall. 
 
 loth Company, Capt. Moses Pearson. 
 
 I find no list of his Company. When the regiment was first 
 organized George Knight was his Lietitenant and James Springer his 
 Ensign. The reason why we find no list of his men, as such, probably 
 arises from the fact that Capt. Pearson was made paymaster of Col. 
 Pepperrell's Regiment, and so had no command in the field. Capt. 
 Pearson was of P'almouth, now Portland. He came from Newbury and 
 was a joiner by trade, but by his intelligence and energy of character he 
 rose to considerable eminence and usefulness. He was the first sheriff 
 of Cumberland Co., and afterwards Judge of the Court of Common 
 Pleas. He was, after the fall of Louisburg, chosen as agent to act for 
 the following officers and soldiers : 
 
 Lieut. George Knight, Lieut. Alexander Roberts, Ens. James 
 Springer, Sergt. Philip Hodgskins, Sergt. Joshua Ilsley, Cor. Jonathan 
 Emerson, Cor. David Woodman, Joshua Simpson, James Gilkey, 
 Jonathan Thorn, John Ayer, John Anderson, Jacob Clifford, Moses 
 Gould, Moses Hodgskins, Samuel Hodgskins, James Simeon, Abel 
 Crosby, Samuel Hunt, Gamaliel Pote, David Dowt}', Nathan Ingersoll, 
 Simon Wheeler, Ebenezer Agustus. 
 
Maine at Lonisburg in 1^45 7i 
 
 Ebenezer I^incoln, John Roberts, John Roberts, Samuel Clark. In 
 the 1st Regiment, Joseph Goldthwait was Adjutant, and John Gorman, 
 Armorer. 
 
 Second Massachusetts Regiment, Col. Samuel Waldo. 
 
 ist Company, Capt. Samuel Moody. 
 I can give no list of his command. Charles Proctor was Lieut, and 
 John Murphy Ensign in this company. 
 
 2d Company, Capt. Arthur Noble. 
 John Watts was, on the 8th of Feb., 1744, commissioned Captain of 
 this company, James Noble, Lieutenant, and John Cargill, Ensign. 
 This is all the information possessed concerning this company. 
 
 3d Company, Capt. Philip Demoresque. 
 Josiah Crosby, Lieutenant, and Thomas Frank, Ensign. 
 
 4th Company, Capt. Benjamin Goldthwait. 
 Charles Harrison, Lieutenant, and Joseph Newhall, Ensign. 
 
 5th Company, Capt. Daniel Hale. 
 James Baily, Lieutenant, and Abraham Edwards, Ensign. 
 
 6th Company, Capt. Jacob Stevens. 
 Stephen Webster, Lieutenant, and Edniond Morse, Ensign. 
 
 7th Company, Capt. James Noble. 
 Solomon Bragdon, Lieutenant, and Daniel Mesharvey, Ensign. 
 
 8th Company, Capt. Richard Jacques. 
 William Allen, Lieutenant, and Edward Clark, Ensign. Andrew 
 Watkius subsequently was made Captain of this company, and Jonathan 
 Trumbull was his Lieutenant. 
 
 9th Company, Capt. Daniel Flag. 
 John Silsbee, Lievitenant, Jonathan Lord, Ensign. 
 
 loth Company, Capt. Jeremiah Richardson. 
 Clement Chamberlain, Lieutenant, John Russell, Ensign. 
 Nathaniel Manutford was commissary of this regiment. 
 
72 Maine at Louisbiirg in 1^45 
 
 Third Massachusetts Regiment, Col. Jeremiah Moulton. 
 1st Company, Capt. Jeremiah Moulton. 
 2d Company, Capt. Nathaniel Donnell. 
 3d Company, Capt. Christopher Marshall. 
 
 Benjamin Stansbury, Lieutenant, Nathaniel Richardson, Ensign. 
 The following is a list of men under Marshall's command : 
 David Clark, Samuel Whittemore, Samuel Bradford, Thomas 
 Fanton, Marshall Miller, William Conover, Benjamin Shillgrass, Adam 
 Shenedy, Morris Welch, Nathaniel Henderson, James Chilent, Luke 
 Welch, Thomas Stubby, Josiah Lyon, John Wood, Edward Hunt, 
 Samuel Cidin, Nathaniel Putnam, Samuel Cowdry, John Melody, John 
 Jenkins, Samuel Ellis, Robert Dothinsou, Nathaniel Sidon, Thomas 
 Webb, Robert Colbetson, David Taylor. 
 
 4th Company, Capt. James Grant. 
 Lieut. Benjamin Pippin, Lieut. Andrew Lamessier, Ens. Israel 
 Porter, Sergt. John Brown, Sergt. David Gleason, Sergt. William Webster, 
 Sergt. Thomas Farriugton, Corp. John Holton, Corp. William Hilborn, 
 Peter Sabine, Samuel Stone, William Andrews, Samuel Porter, James 
 Ebbon, Aaron Ennell, William Halford, James Davison, James 
 Lindsey, James Magery, Michael Hide, John White, Ebenezer 
 Ramsdell, James Farn, Jacob Cain, Cornelius Walcom, Israel Howard, 
 Ebadiah Farn, Andrew Millitt, Benjamin Barnol, Peter Brown, John 
 Elthrop, John Fuller, Richard Newhall, Samuel Baker, John Lester, 
 Joseph Clough, Richard Thomas. 
 
 5th Company, Capt. Charles King. 
 John Marston, Lieutenant, Joseph Gerrish, Ensign. No list of his 
 men. 
 
 6th Company, Capt. Peter Prescott. 
 William Larkin, Lieutenant, Jonathan Hoar, Ensign. Capt. 
 Prescott was selected by the soldiers to act for them in obtaining their 
 bounty or share of the spoils. They were probably a portion of his 
 command. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in iy4§ 73 
 
 Lieut. William Larkin, Sergt. John Wheeler, Sergt. Daniel Molan, 
 Sergt. Cornelius Sullivan, John Shipman, Alexander Telfare, Robert 
 Stone, Samuel Wood, Job Whittam, John Wellson, Jonathan Corey, 
 Elisha Johnson, Alexander Kidd, John Bryan, John Keef, William 
 French, Joshua William, Morris Akim, Richard Griflis, Jeremiah 
 Shepard, Rahio Dyke, Timothy Kieg, John Gould. 
 
 7th Company, Capt. A. R. Cutter. 
 
 The following men were among those who were under his com- 
 mand. 
 
 Caleb Harrington, William Sampson, Joseph Fletcher, Samuel 
 Nichols, Benjamin Margridge, Parker Moody, John Johnson, John 
 Kelley, George Cary, Joseph Leavitt, William Brown, Thomas 
 Humphty, John Brackly, Owen Cunningham, John Trott, Benjamin 
 Sawin, Nehemiah Robinson, William Daniels. 
 
 8th Company, Capt. Samuel Rhodes. 
 
 Jonathan Hartshorn, Lieutenant, John Hersey, Ensio-n. 
 
 Lieut. Jonathan Hartshorn, Sergt. Thomas Pynes, Sergt. John Shaw, 
 Sergt. Francis Richards, John Williams, Thomas Evans, William 
 Daniels, Jeremiah Gould, John Stebbins, William Davis, Nathan Barlow, 
 James Borcilwater, Ebenezer Durant, Arthur Vincent, Joseph Alton, 
 Jesse Covit, Ebenezer Brown, Pierce Crosby, John Jones, Jeremiah 
 Howard, Lewis Francis, Lewis Swan, Caleb Farman, George Pickerell, 
 William Jenkins, Thomas Keller, Lewis Posser, Richard Abbott, John- 
 Downing. 
 
 9th Company, Capt. Bartholomew Trow. 
 
 Joseph Miller, Lieutenant, Joseph Fairbanks, Ensign. 
 
 Joseph Frothingham, Jonathan Rand, William Osmit, John Fitts, 
 John Delany, John Nichols, Philip Tray, Ebenezer Burgess, 
 John Watters, William Mattocks, John Fowle, Samuel Bowles, 
 Samuel Walcutt, James Holland, George Dowdell, Cuthe Mauries. 
 loth Company, Capt. Estes Hatch. 
 
 Ebenezer Newall, Lieutenant, Ebenezer Sumner, Ensign. Sumner 
 was subsequently promoted to a Lieutenant. Edward Carter was 
 Ensign. 
 
74 Maine at Louis burg in 174S 
 
 Sergt. Daniel Lane, Ezekiel Hovey, Benjamin Wilkins, William 
 Oakley, Benjamin Phillips, George Byram, James Stanley. 
 
 Mr. Hudson added the following lists, which are inserted here as 
 having reference to men from what is now the State of Maine : 
 
 Petition ' of the following persons who were in the expedition to 
 Louisburg in 1745, presented to Lieut. Gov. Phips, 1749 : 
 
 Isaac Ilsley, Jeremiah Springer, Jeremiali Springer, Jr., Samuel 
 Graves, Jeremiah Pote, Benjamin Sweetser, Samuel Lunt, Jr., Job Lunt, 
 Joshua Fowle, John Robinson, Jacob True, Samuel Lovewell, Jacob 
 Graffum, John Irish, Abraham Sawyer, Percival Baton, William 
 Putnam, James Springer, Stephen Clark, Gamalel Pote, Elisha Pote, 
 Nathaniel Ingersol, Ebenezer Gastin, David Dowty, Thomas Bracket, 
 Joshua Bracket, John Clark, John Clark, Jr., Richard Temple, Josiah 
 Hunnewell, John Owen, Joshua Moody, William Reed, Philip 
 Hodgskins, John Roberts, George Williams, Samuel Atwood, George 
 Knight, John Ayer. 
 
 Cape Breton, July 10, 1745. 
 
 We the subscribers being dismissed to go home, do authorize Lieut. 
 Peter Grant to receive our bounty money, if there be any coming to us 
 in taking the famous city's plunder. 
 
 Moses Butler, Stephen Frost, Lakely Cessor, Nathan Lord, Jr., 
 Alexander Grant, Samuel Holmes, John Goodwin, Joseph Goodwin^ 
 Richard Gerrish, Solomon Walker, William Grant, John Gitchell, John 
 Murray, Nathan Goodwin, Ichabod Tibbetts, William Pierce, James 
 Markwell, Adam Goodwin, Nathaniel Lord, James vStimson, Samuel 
 Gitchell, Moses Spencer, Elder Smith, Elias Hart, John Lewis, Samuel 
 Allen, Trabed Casan, Ebenezer Jelson, Joseph Woodson, James Yorses, 
 Samuel Loud, 3d, John Nason, Daniel Malony, Joshua Nason, Michael 
 Woodson, John Davis, Gideon May, Ezekiel Weytoor. William 
 Chadburn, Noah Nason, Ephraim Joye, John Currier, Samuel Jones 
 John Clark, Samuel Grant, Elias Grant, Israel Hunniwell. 
 
 » This was for a township of land for service at Louisburg in 1745. The signers 
 belonged to Capt. Moses Pearson's Company. Willis, in his History of Portland, note, 
 pp. 419, 420, in giving this list of signers, adds the following names : Moses Pearson, 
 Jacob CHfford, James Gilkey, Samuel Clark, Samuel Hodgskins, John Anderson, Moses 
 Hodgskins. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 75. 
 
 IvOuisburg, Sept. 19, 1745. 
 
 We the subscribers select Capt. Thomas Perkins to receive our part 
 of the plunder that is coming to us, by virtue of our being soldiers at 
 Cape Breton. 
 
 John Burbank, Timothy Burbank, Asa Burbank, Eliphalct Carr, 
 Joseph Cole, Nathaniel White, Richard Perry, Alleson Lassell, 
 Benjamin Turner, Eliphalet Perkins, Jeremiah Springer, John Carr, 
 Robinson Bond, Stephen Harding, Jesse Dorman, John Homer, Kdward 
 Strout, Seth Turner. 
 
 Louisburg, Sept. 16, 1745. 
 
 Sergeant Enoch Davis made agent of the following persons to 
 receive their plunder. 
 
 IMoses Kimball, Benjamin Tileston, John Kenne, James Gibson, 
 John Sacklar, Eben Littlefield, Joseph Huston, William Robinson, 
 Ichabod Tileston, Ichabod Dunham, Edward Evans, Joshua Adams, 
 Isaac Russell, Jonathan Adams, James Gilpatrick, John Bagshaw, John 
 Cradeford, Samuel Clark, James Reed, Aaron Lord, Matthew Robertson, 
 John Deane, Edward Wealth, Isaac Danforth, Joshua Lathe, William 
 Curtis, James Littlefield, Benjamin Curtis, John Locke, Caleb C. 
 Kimball, Jr. 
 
 Louisburg, Sept. 13, 1745. 
 
 Capt. John Stoi^er was made agent for : — 
 
 James Gilpatrick, Jr., Peter Rich, Philip Devotion, Joseph Wel)ber, 
 Charles White, John Fairfield, Capt. Nathaniel Kimball, Ichabod 
 Cressous, Daniel Saycr, Joseph Cradiford, John Lock, Jr. 
 
 Sergeant Enoch Davis was agent for the following men : — 
 
 Joshua Kimball, Benjamin Tellson, John Keeue, James Gibson, 
 John Sinklar, Eben Littlefield, John Huston, William Robinson, 
 Ichabod Tellson, Ichabod Dunham, Joshua Adams, James Littlefield, 
 Jonathan Adams, James Gilpatrick, Edward Evens, John Codeford, 
 Lemuel Clark, James Reed, Aaron Lord, Matthew Robertson, John 
 Deene, Edward Wealth, Isaac Danforth, Joseph Taylor, Joshua Little, 
 Isaac Russell, Benjamin Curtis, John Locke, Caleb Kimball, Jr., John 
 Bagshaw, William Curtis. 
 
 In the appendix to the Peppcrrell Papers, Mass. llist. Society's Coll.,. 
 
76 Maine at Lotiisburg in 1^45 
 
 Sixth Series, Vol. lo, (pp. 538-542), I find a roll of the companies 
 belonging to Pepperrell's regiment at Louisburg, November 15, 1745. 
 
 The 1st Company, the General's. 
 Capt. Ptr. Staples, Ijeut. Joel Whittymore, Ens. Danl. Wilson, 
 dead; Sergt. Hewn McClane, Corp. Benj. Iveach, Drummer Jno. Ayres; 
 Privates George Knight, Wm. Remmick, James Gooding, Jno. Ledston, 
 Wm. Allen, Geo. Marriner, Wm. Pettegrow, Jno. Thomson, Jerh. 
 Spinney, Jno. Pugsley, Barth. Whittom, Jno. Rankim, Nath. Hooper, 
 Simon Emery, Zimry Hunscome, Jnth'n Thomas, Cato Farewell. 
 Sergt. I, Corp'l i, Drummer i. Privates 17. 
 
 The 2d Company. 
 Ivt. Col. Storer, Sergt. Enock Davis, Privates, Josa Kimball, Benj. 
 Jellyson, Jas. Littlefield, Matt'w Robison, Char's White, Icabod 
 Gullison, Jno. Crafford, Jas. Reed, Edwd. Welch, Jos. Taylor, Isac 
 Danforth, Benj. Curtis, Wm. Curtis, Josha Admans, Jno. Bagshaw, Jno. 
 Deen, Jas. Gebson, Edw'd Evans, Lem'l Clark, Jno. Garey. Sergt. i, 
 Corp'l I, Drummer o, Privates 20. 
 
 The 3rd Company. 
 Major Cutts, Privates David Gunnison, Gideon Parker, Jno. Amey, 
 Jno. Brawn, Enoch Stevens, Sam. Kenney. Sergt. o, Corp. o. Drum- 
 mer o. Privates 6. 
 
 The 4th Company. (From Massachusetts.) 
 
 The 5th Company. (From Massachusetts.) 
 
 The 6th Company, 
 
 Capt. Moses Pearson, Sergt. Php. Hodskins, Sergt. Thos. Ilsley, 
 Corp. David Woodman ; Privates Jer'h Simson, Eben'r Linkhorne, Jas. 
 Gilkey, Jno. Anderson, Moses Hodskins, Sam. Hodskins, Jno. Ayres, 
 Abiah Crosby, Jas. Thorn, Sam. Clark. Sergt. 2, Corp. i, Drummer o, 
 Privates 10. 
 
 The 7th Company. 
 Capt. Wm. Warner, Lieut. Garish, Sergt. Sam. Bicknor, Corp. Sam. 
 Muggeridge, Corp. Thos. Rommerrill, Drummer Jas. Thorne ; Privates 
 
Maine at Louis burg in 1^45 77 
 
 Benj. Ropes, Rich'd Richardson, Thos. IvCsinby, Jno. IvCava, Chas. 
 Nichols, Jno. Ruby, Jno. Thomas, Jno. Allen, Shubal Crook, Nath'l 
 Flinn, Sam. Millett, Robt. Simmons, Matt'w Williams, Ron't Culbort, 
 Sam. Newhall. Sergt. i. Corps. 2, Drummer i, Privates 15. 
 
 The 8th Company. 
 
 Capt. Thos. Perkins, Lieut. Burbank ; Privates Jesse Dorman, Jno. 
 Jelleson, Rollison Bond, Jas. Samson, Jno. Carr, Elizor Leasdon, Brian 
 Paul. 
 
 '(Sergt. Jos Webber, Corp. Nath. Martin, Privates Noah Peenis, 
 Jno. Garey, Jno. Wells). 
 
 ''(Sergt. Jno. Clark, Privates Sam. Jones, Sam. Grant, Jas. Garish, 
 Nath. Goodings, Jas. McCarrill, Icabod Tibbitts, Jno. Murrey, Mica 
 Woodsome. Sergts. 2, Corp. i. Drummer o. Privates 18.) 
 
 The 9tli Company, 
 Capt. Jas. Smith, Lieut. Hoile, Sergt. Andrew Dexter, Corp. Caleb 
 Callom, Corp. Ptr. Hurley, Corp. Jno. Evans, Sergt. John MacDonald, 
 dead; Privates Jas. Briggs, Jos. Alverson, Benj. Ford, Thos. Ales, Mic'l 
 Thornton, Sam. Saunders, Jno. Wallace, Josa Sly, Nath. Sheldon, Jno. 
 Eddy, Robt. Watts, Jnthn. Mountygue, Thos. Thornton, Water 
 Drimont, Gideon Thornton, Isac Medburrey, Gideon Hawkins, Jas. 
 Whipple, Nath. Spywood, Francis Streeter, Jno. Tubball, Benj. Amos, 
 Mat. Packhord, Ebenz'r Edson, Geo. White, Thos. Green, Jos. True- 
 worthy, Rich'd Lewis, Martha Short, Nath'l Colben, Sam'l Cobern, Jno. 
 Lane, Wm. Bentley, Danl. Collum, Jos. Indian, Eben'z Lovell ; Sergts. 2, 
 Corps. 3, Drummer o, Privates 36. 
 
 The loth: Company. 
 
 Capt. Edward Cole, Lieut. Jos. Wheaten, Ensign Benj. Allen, Sergt. 
 
 Thos. Dewen, Sergt. Jno. Lee, Corp. Robt. Kelsey, Corp. Dan'l Fuller, 
 
 Corp. Geb. Arwin, Drummer Robt. Bennett; Privates Robt. Tripp, 
 
 Francis Lyner, Isac Everson, Wm. Roach, Thos. Niles, dead ; Jas. 
 
 1 N. B. These are added to Ct. Perkins company, but did formerly belong to Capt. 
 Harmon of sd regt. 
 
 2 N. B. These are added to Ct. Perkins company, but did formerly belong to Ct. 
 Butler of sd. regt. 
 
78 Mai?ie at Loiiisbiirg in 1^45 
 
 Samson, dead; Nichs. I/arrence, Win. Mills, Jno. Newman, Stephen 
 Trays, dead ; Wm. Corey, dead ; Jas. Strange, Jno. Crookay, dead ; 
 Wm. Ward, Ptr. New, Jas. Tataush, Jno. Lawless, Jno. Greenman, Jno. 
 Rogers, Benj. Hunton, Jno. Shores, Wm. Jones, Martin Blake, Jas. 
 Robbison, Ptr. Tyask. 
 
 The nth Company. (From R. I.) Louisbourg, Nov. 19, 1745- 
 The following list of the officers and men in Col. Moulton's regi- 
 ment I take from the appendix to the Pepperrell Papers, (Mass. Hist. 
 Society's Coll., Sixth Series, Vol. 10, pp. 545-549). 
 
 Capt. Grant's Company. 
 James Grant, Capt. ; Andrew Le Mercier, Lieut. ; Joseph Brown, 
 Sargt. ; David Glover, Sargt. ; Wm. Webster, Sargt. ; Theo. Farrington, 
 Sargt. ; Peter Labere, Clark ; John Holton, Corpo.; Wm. Hilborn, Corpo. ; 
 Sam'l Stone, Wm. Andrews, Saml. Porter, James Ebboru, Aaron 
 Crowell, Wm. Holford, James Davidson, Richd. Newhall, Saml. Baker, 
 Jno. Lister, James Lindzey, Jno. Magery, Michl. Vide, Jas. White, The. 
 White, Ebenr. Ramsdel, Jno. Farn, Jacob Cain, Clow Walcom, Izrael 
 Howard, Obediah Farn, Andrew Millett, Benj. Parnel, Peter Brown, 
 Jno. Elethrap, Dd. Fuller, Joseph Clough, Richd. Thomas. Private 
 soldiers and non-commission officers, 35. 
 
 A list of Capt. John Card's Company. 
 John Card, Capt. ; John Linscot, Sergt. ; Jno. McCluker, Sergt. ; 
 Jonathan Dodson, Sergt. ; Ellas Banks, Corp. ; George Spinney, Wm. 
 Davis, Daniel Grant, Melachi Castle, Eleazar Whittura, John McDanniel, 
 John Moulton, Nath. Abbot, Jno. Simpson, Ebener Napp, Jno. Conne- 
 way, Joseph Webber, James Spinney, Joseph Barton, Shubal Barton, 
 Wm. Moore, Jonathan Clough, James Wilson, Isaac Provinder. Private 
 men and non-commission officers, 23. 
 
 A list of Capt. Charles King's Company. 
 
 Charles King, Capt. ; Jno. Marston, Lieut.; Joseph Gerrish, Ensign; 
 
 Rich'd Reith,Jno. Erwin, Jno. Bickford, Tho. Downing, Robt. Annable, 
 
 dead ; Wm. Cummins, Daniel Darling, Wm. Daniels, Packfry Downing, 
 
 Jno. Chambers, Jno. Callum, Nath. Felt, David Griffis, Benj. Hooper, 
 
Maine at Lojiisbiirg in 1^45 79 
 
 Jona. Phippen, Sam Grossee, Juo. Silver, Jno. Symond, David Howard, 
 Tho. Ward, Jno. Wells. Private men and non-commission officers, 21. 
 
 A list of Capt. Marshall's Company. 
 
 Christo Marshall, Capt. ; Benja. Stansbury, Lieut. ; 
 
 Richardson, Ens.; gone home on furlow ; David Chase, Sam'l 
 Whittemore, Adam Kenedy, Morris Welch, Luke Welch, Nath. 
 Henderson, Juo. Chilcut, Josiah Lyon, Jno. Wood, Edwd. Hunt, 
 Samuel Oidin, Nath. Putnam, Sam'l Bradford, Tho. Fenton, 
 Marshall Miller, Wm. Curwen, Benj. Killgoo, Sam'l Cowdry, 
 Jno. Melody, Jno. Jenkins, Simon Ellis, Robt. Dollinsou, Nicho. 
 Lidon, Tho. Webb, Robert Colbetson, Tho. Stubly, David Tayler. 
 Private soldiers and non-commission officers, 27. 
 
 A list of Capt. Rhodes's Company. 
 Sam. Rhodes, Capt. ; Tho. Pyne, Sergt. ; John Shaw, Sergt. ; 
 Francis Pickett, Sergt.; John Williams, Tho. Evans, Wm. Daniels, 
 Jeremiah Gould, Jethro Sedebin, Rich'd Abbot, Wm. Davis, Nathan 
 Barlow, James Renit Waters, Eben. Durant, Arthur Vincent, Joseph 
 Aton, Jesse Cavil, Eben. Brown, Pierce Crosby, Jno. Downing, John 
 Jones, Jeremiah Howard, Lewis Francis, F^rancis Lewis, Lewis Passer, 
 Caleb Farnum, George Pickerill, Wm. Jenkins, Tho. Keller. Private 
 soldiers and non-commission officers, 28. 
 
 List of Capt. Prescot's Company. 
 
 Peter Prescot, Capt. ; Larken, Lieut. ; John Whealer, Sergt.; 
 
 Daniel Molen, Sergt. ; Cornelius Sullivan, Sergt. ; John Shipman, on 
 furlow; Alex. Telf are, Robert Stone, Sam. Wood, Job Whittiim, Jno. 
 Wilson, Jonathan Corey, Ales'r Kidd, Jno Bryan, John Keef, Wm. 
 French, Joshua Williams, Morris Aken, Rich'd Griffis, Jere. Shepard, 
 Robin Dyke, Timothy Kreg, John Gould, Elisha Johnson. Private 
 soldiers and non-commission officers, 22. 
 
 From Melviu's Company. 
 Sam. Dudley, Jno. McCollow, Timo. Adams, Jno. Temple, Jno. 
 Hucker, Simon Robins, Jona Wood, Joseph Ham, Jona Barrat, Aaron 
 Russell, Joseph Dudley. Private soldiers & non-commission officers, 33. 
 
8o Alaific at Louisburg in l'J4S 
 
 A list of Capt. Estes Hatch's Company. 
 Edward Carter, Ensign ; Daniel Lane, Sargt. ; Ezekiel Hovey^ 
 Benj. Wilkius, Benj. Phillips, George Byram, James Stanly, Wm. 
 Oakley. Private soldiers and non-commission officers, 7. 
 
 A list of Capt. Bartho Trow's Company. 
 Joseph Miller, Lient.; Joseph Fairbanks, Ens.; Joseph Frothing- 
 ham, Jonathan Rand, Wm. Osmint, Jno. Watters, Wm. Mattocks, John 
 Fowle, Daniel Bowles, Sam'l Wilcnt, John Fitts, John Delany, James 
 Holland, George Dowdell, John Nichols, P'bcn. Burgis, Phillip Traj'-, 
 Cuffe Munnis. Private soldiers and non-commission officers, 16. 
 
 Capt. Cutter's Company. 
 A. R. Cutter, Capt., Cakb Harrington, Wm. Sampson, Joseph 
 Fletcher, Sam. Nichols, Benj. Morgridge, Parker Moody, Joseph Levett, 
 Wm. Brown, Tho. Humphrey, John Brackley, Owen Cunningham, John 
 Frost, John Johnson, John Kelley, Benj. Sawer, Nehem'a Robinson, 
 George Casey, Wm. Daniels. Private men and non-commission 
 officers, 18. 
 
 Soldiers and non-commission officers on the spot 208 
 
 Commission officers on the spot 14 
 
 221 ' 
 
 Lovisburg, Novm'r 20th, 1745. The foregoing list of men are all 
 alive. Attest JER. MOULTON 
 
 In answer to an inqviiry, Lieut. Oliver P. Remick, who has given 
 much attention to Kittery's relation to the Louisburg expedition of 
 1745, sends to me in a letter dated Kittery, Maine, July 18, 1908, the 
 following list of Kittery men, who were at Louisbtirg with Pepperrell : 
 
 Capt. Lieut. Peter Staples; 2nd. Lieut. George Gowell ; Ensign Joel 
 Whittemore, promoted Lieut. Jiily 20, 1745; Daniel Wilson, Ensign, 
 died before Nov. 15,1745; David Gunnison, promoted Ensign May i, 
 1746; also promoted Lieutenant: Benj. Leach, Corp.; Joseph Greenleaf, 
 
 ' The original and correct footing is 222, but the last figure was changed by having a 
 strong mark drawn over it. 
 
Maine at Louis burg in iy4S 8i 
 
 Thomas Allen, John Tompson, Zimeriah Hanscom, David Spinney, 
 Uriah Hanscom, William Pettigrew, Edward Hammond, George Knight, 
 Corp., (died there); Moses Bryan, John Ayers, (drummer); Richard 
 Dolley, Nathaniel Hooper, James Goodwin, John Lydstone, William 
 Remick, William Allen, George Marriner, Jeremiah Spinney, Jonathan 
 Thomas, Bartholemy Witham, Simon Emery, George Black, Cato 
 Farwell, Henery Hanscom, Morris O'Brien,' Richard Cutts, Major and 
 Capt. 3d Co. Pepperrell's Regt. ; Bray Deering, Lieut. ; Joseph Weeks, 
 Ensign; Gideon Parker, John Amey, John Brown, Enoch Stevens. 
 
 The following Kittery men were at IvOuisburg, and probably 
 belonged to one of the above companies: 
 
 John Walker, Davis Downing, Samuel Leach, Samuel Billings, 
 Ebenezer Leach, John Carter, Richard Carter, Charles Smith, Joseph" 
 Jenkins, Reuben Mace, Samuel Hooper, Thomas Fernald, David Caton, 
 Solomon Rose, James Amey, Patrick Lollens, John Tobey, Joseph Fay, 
 William Stevens, Joseph Winkley, Caleb Hutchins, Richard Finix, 
 Robert Moore, Thomas Jenkins, Elisha Holbrook, Tobias Allen, 
 Benjamin Finnix, Samuel Clough, Moses Fernald, Jonathan Brown, 
 Simeon Dam, Parker Gowell, David Hutchings, Levi Hutchings, Samuel 
 Hutchings, Benjamin Curtis, Jr., Joseph Curtis, John Furbish, William 
 Furbish, Andrew Green, Ichabod Jellison, Benjamin Jacobs, Nathaniel 
 Hicks, Daniel Ludstone, Nathan Lord, Benjamin March, William Perry, 
 Aaron Lord, Samuel Lord, Peter Witham, Thomas WMtham, Benjamin 
 Curtis, William Curtis, Richard Perry, John Nason, Joshua Nason, Noah 
 Nason, Samuel Joris, John Lewis, Samuel Allen, Nathaniel Lord, Nathan 
 Lord, Jr. 
 
 The following Kittery men were in Capt. Richard Mumford's 
 Company, in Pepperrell's regiment : 
 
 John Rogers, John Shores or Shorey, Robert Tripe, Francis Lynn, 
 William Jones, John Lawless, Thomas Jeffs, Robert Bennett, Martin 
 Blake. 
 
 In Capt. James Grant's Co., George Crocker. 
 
 In Capt. John Card's Co., Col. J. Moulton's Regiment; James 
 
 • [He was a resident of Scarboro, and went from Scarboro to Machias in 1765.] 
 
82 Maine at Louisburg in 1 7 43 
 
 Spinney, George Spinney, Eleazer Witham, William Davis, William 
 Moore, James Wilson, Benj. Mugridge, John Trott. 
 
 The following Kittery men were in the New Hampshire Regiment : 
 Capt. John Fernald, John Hooper, Isaac Wlierrin, Jonathan Dam, 
 Richard Furber, John Welch, Richard Knight, Jonathan Boothby, John 
 Stevens, Richard Fitzgerald, John Fry, John Woodman, Nicholas 
 Grace, Thomas Newmarch, Ensign and promoted Lieut. 
 
 Other Kittery men at Louisburg were Andrew Pepperrell Frost, 
 Brevet Lieut. ; Charles Frost, 2nd Secretary; John Pierce, James Webber, 
 James Wilson, Nathaniel Jnigerson, Samuel Green, Thomas Dixon, 
 Robert Dixon, John Frost, (5th Co. ist Regt.); Jesse Jellison, 8th Co., 
 ist Regt.; Samuel Mugridge, Corp. 9th Co., ist Regt.; Andrew Watkins, 
 Capt. 8th Co., 2nd Mass. Regt.; Samuel Greenough, Lieut, ist Co., 5th 
 Mass. Regt.; Benjamin Jellison, Corp. in Capt. Joshua Champlin's Co. 
 
 Lieut. Remick adds: "The Maine men were in Pepperrell's, 
 Moulton's, Gorham's and Waldo's Infantry Regiments, and Dwight's 
 Artillery Regiment ; but Capt. Baker's Co. (2d), and Capt. Kinsleagh's 
 Co. (5th), of Pepperrell's Regiment, were from Boston and vicinity. 
 Staples' and Deering's companies (ist and 4th) were from Kittery; 
 Fairfield's (3d) from towns in York Co. ; Harmon's Co. (6th) from 
 York; Butler's (7th) from Berwick; Perkins' (8th) from Wells; 
 Warner's (9th) I think from Biddeford and Saco; and Pearson's (10) 
 from Falmouth." 
 
 There were also Kittery men on the provincial fleet and transports 
 at Louisburg. 
 
 In the Pepperrell Papers (Mass. Hist. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, pp. 
 525, 526), I find the following : 
 
 A list of men under my command [Capt. Peter Staples'] in the 
 General's regiment, viz.: 
 
 JoelWhitemore, Lieutenant, Marred; Daniel Wilson, Ensign, Batche- 
 lor; Joseph Greenleaf, Marred; 'Thomas Allen, marred, has several chil- 
 dren ; John Tompson, marred, has children ; 'Zimry Hanscon, marred, 
 has no children ; 'David Spiney, marred, no children ; 'Uriah Hanscon, 
 
 ' All belonging to a frontier town in the county of York. Louisbourg, Sept. ye 20th, 
 1745. Peter Staple. 
 
Maine at Lotiisburg in 1^45 83 
 
 marred, one child ; 'William Pettegrew, marred, no children ; 'Edward 
 Hammond, marred, has children; Robert Due, marred, one child; 
 'George Knight, marred, several small children ; 'Morres Bryan, marred, 
 has several small children; 'John Ayers, batchelor; James Abbot, 
 batchelor ; John Ranken, batchelor; John Pugsley, batchelor; 
 'Richard DoUey, batchelor ; 'Nath'l Hooper, batchelor ; 'James Good- 
 win, batchelor ; 'John Lydstone, batchelor ; 'William Remick, batche- 
 lor; 'William Allen, batchelor; 'George Marrenor, batchelor; 'Benj. 
 Leach, batchelor; 'Jeremiah Spiney, batchelor; 'Jonathin Thomas, 
 batchelor; Bartholumy Whittum ; 'Simon Emery, batchelor; Hugh 
 McClanen, batchelor ; 'Cato Fairwell, batchelor. 
 
 In the Pepperrell Papers (Mass. Hist. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. 10, p. 
 521) there is the following " true state of Capt. Butler's Company :" - 
 
 Lieut. Peter Grant, Married, 11 children, , , 5 children, 
 
 Ensign John Lewis, Married, , John Clerk, , , James 
 
 Gerrish, , , Mikeil Wooson, , , John Murray, 
 
 , , Ichabod Tibits, , , James McCarriel, , 
 
 , Samll Grant, Married, 2 children ; Samll Jones, Sick, , 
 
 Nathan Goodwin, Sick , Louisbourg, Septr. ye 17th, 1745 ; Capt. 
 
 Butler, gone home. 
 
 On the following page in the Pepperrell Papers (522) is a " list of 
 the men belonging to Capt. John Harmon, in the General's regiment 
 and thare circumstances, &c, Sept. 17, 1745. All in a frontier town," 
 viz. 
 
 Jno. Harmon, Capt., Jos. Weber, Sergt, A married man, with 6 
 children ; Jos. Cole, A married man, with 5 children ; Hugh Holeman, 
 A married man, with 7 or 8 children ; James Hays, A married man, 
 with 4 or 5 children ; Noah Penass, A married man ; Moses Samoss, A 
 married man, with i child; Joshua Ramsdill, Single man, being at ye 
 point of death ; Dan'l Young, single man ; Jno. Gary, Single man ; 
 Paul Roach, Single man ; John Wells. 
 
 Several of these men were transferred to Capt. Thomas Perkins' Co. 
 The following account "of the men that has families of Coll. John 
 
 I All belonging to a frontier town in the county of York. Louisbourg, Sept. ye 20th, 
 1745. Peter Staple. 
 
84 Maine at Louisburg in l'/4S 
 
 Storer's company, all belonging to frontiers very much exposed," is 
 from the Pepperrell Papers, Mass. Hist. Coll., 6th Series, Vol. lo, pp. 
 
 526, 527 : 
 
 Sargantt Davis, A wife and 7 children ; Joshua Kimball, A wife and 
 I child ; Ichabod Donhew, A wife and 7 children ; Joshua Lasdill, 
 A wife and 8 children ; Isaac Buswell, A wife and 3 childen ; Aaron 
 Lord, A wife and 3 children ; John Cradiford, A wife and 3 children; 
 Lemuel Clark, A wife and 3 children ; Edward Evens, A wife and 
 
 ; Joshue Adams, A wife and o child : James Reed, A wife and 2 
 
 children ; William Cortis, A wife and i child ; Charles White, A wife 
 and four children. 
 
 The names of the singale men : 
 
 John Kene, Benjamin Gellsion, Ichabod Gellsion, James 
 I/ittlefild, John Bagsher, John Deen, Isaac Danford, Joseph Taylor, 
 James Gibson, Edmond Welch, Mathew Robson, Benjamin Cortis, 
 Joseph Webber. 
 
 In the Pepperrell Papers (Mass. Hist. Coll., 9th Series, Vol. 10, p. 
 527) I find the following : 
 
 A List of men under my Command. Capt. Perkins. 
 
 Capt. Tho's Perkins, Lieut. John Burbank, Clark, Jesse Dorman, 
 Rolison Bond, Nath'l Martin, Bryant Paule, Allezon Aesdell, John 
 Carr ; Under my command, Thos. Perkins' 6 men. 
 
 Serg. Joseph Webber, John Gairy, John Wells, Noa Pennice ; 
 Capt. Harman's 4 men. 
 
 Sergt. John Clark, Sam'l Jones, James Gairish, Sam'l Grant, 
 Michell Woodsome, John Murray, Nathan Gooden, James Mac 
 MacClalling, Ichabod Tibbits ; Capt. Butler's 9 men. 
 
 James Sampson, John Gellason ; Capt. Lowe's 2 men. 
 
 In the Pepperrell Papers (Mass. Hist. Coll., Series 6, Vol. 10, pp. 
 
 527, 528) is the following "list of Thomas Perkins' men in the estate 
 they are in : 
 
 Left. John Burbank, sick and a wife, and six children ; Eliphalet 
 Perkins, Joseph Coole, a wife and three children ; Edward Stuart, a 
 wife and four children ; Jeremiah Springer, sick, and a wife and four 
 children ; Stephen Harding, sick, and a wife and one child ; Richard 
 
Maijie at Lonisbtirg in ly^^ 85 
 
 Perry, a wife and two children; Jesse Darman, under diffical circum- 
 stances at home; Eliphalet Carr, sick; John Carr, sick; John Hames, 
 sick; Asa Burbank, Nathanael Marten, Rolenson Bond, Aleson 
 Lasdell, Bryant Paul. All living in a fruntear town in New England. 
 
 The following list of Capt. Moses Pearson's Falmouth Company is 
 from an original roll in the possession of Hon. Andrew Hawes of 
 Portland: Moses Pearson, Captain; George Knight, Lieut.; James 
 Springer, Ensign; Alex. Roberts, Sergt.; Philip Hodgkins, Sergt.; 
 Ebenezer Gustin, Sergt.; Joshua Ilslej'', Sergt.; Joseph Emerson, Corp.! 
 David Woodman, Corp.; Gamalied Pote, Corp.; Samuel Liint, Corp.; 
 Simon Wheeler, Drum'r ; John Roberts, Clerk ; Privates, John Anderson, 
 John Ayer, Penuiel Barton, Samuel Clark, Jacob Clifford, Abiel 
 Crosby, Daniel Douty, Joseph Foster, Andrew Pep. Frost, James 
 Gikey, Edward Gilman, Moses Gould, servt. to Nathan Winslow; 
 Jacob Graffam, Samuel Graves, son of John (under age), Ebenezer 
 Hall, Moses Hodgkins, Samuel Hodgkins, servt. to Philip Hodgkins 
 (under age), Nathaniel IngersoU, Ebenezer Lincoln, Samuel Lowell, 
 Nehemiah Pitnam, Abraham Sawyer, Sequent (an Indian), Joshua 
 Simson, Joseph Thorn, Joseph Thorn, Jr. servt. to Moses Pearson, 
 George Williams, son of George (under age). 
 
 Of the above the following petitioned for a township of laud for 
 their services at Louisburg, and the township granted was called 
 Pearsontown, now Standish : Moses Pearson, George Knight, James 
 Springer, Ebenezer Gustin, Gamaliel Pote, Samuel Lunt, John 
 Anderson, John Ayer, Penuiel Barton, Samuel Clark, Jacob Clifford, 
 Daniel Douty, James Gikey, Jacob Graffam, Samuel Graves, Moses 
 Hodgkins, Samuel Hodgkins, Nathaniel Ingersol, Samuel Lowell, 
 Abraham Sawyer, George Williams. 
 
 The following also signed the petition : Isaac Ilsley, Jeremiah 
 Springer, Jr., Joshua Brackett, Philip Hodgkins, John Fowle, Richard 
 Semple, Stephen Clark, John Clark, Jacob True, Josiah Hunniwell, 
 Benjamin Sweetser, Jeremiah Pote, Thomas Brackett, Elisha Pote, Job 
 Lunt, John Clark, John Owen, Jr., Joshua Moodey, John Irish, William 
 Reed, John Roberts, William Pitman, Samuel Atwood. 
 
 The Township was granted in 1750 to Capt. Moses Pearson, Capt. 
 Humphrey Hobbs and their companies. 
 
86 Maine at Lotdsbjirg in 1^45 
 
 A list of laborers belonging to Col. Moulton's regiment emploj^ed 
 on the repairs of His Majesty's Garrison at Louisbiirg, from the 2ud to 
 the 7th of September, 1745, both days inclusive. The manuscript is in 
 the Newburyport Pepperrell Papers in the possession of the Maine 
 Historical Society. Joseph Fairbanks, Samuel Wilcott, James Grant, 
 James Holland, Cuff Mannis, John Butler, John Towle, William Ever- 
 leth, Phillip Tray, Tho. Hill, Stephen Teneris, John Fitts, Ezekiel 
 Henry, Joseph Wood, John Figget, Isaac Brown, Isaac Farn, Daniel 
 Fuller, Richard Newhall, John Majenrj', Obediah Farn, Theo. Farinton, 
 James Linzey, William Andrews, John Newmarch. 
 
 Frank D. Marshall, Esq., of Portland, a native of Y6rk, in a letter 
 concerning the York men in the Louisburg expedition, writes : " I had 
 a great-great-great-grandfather, John Kingsbury of York, who, as a boy 
 of eighteen years, was at Louisburg, and there lost a leg. Years ago, I 
 came across a receipt given to him by L,. D. Leopold, Surgeon of the 
 Royal Convent and Hospital at Louisburg, acknowledging payment in 
 1747, ^ Pour avoir fait ii7ie ampuiation de la jarnbe de Mons. Jean 
 Kingsbxiry.^ Kingsbury stumped around on his wooden leg for more 
 than sixty years afterward ; was Selectman, Justice of the Peace and one 
 of the committee on the crisis of 1774. The wooden leg is well remem- 
 bered by my aunt, who as a girl used to see it in the attic of the old 
 Kingsbury house. 
 
 " I believe that Jonathan Say ward was also in the expedition, com- 
 manding the sloop 'Seaflower.' He was subsequently Judge of the 
 Court of Common Pleas, Judge of Probate, for many years a representa- 
 tive to the General Court, and one of the leading men in that section. 
 
 "Francis Raynes of York was another well known man in the 
 expedition." 
 
 Endeavors to obtain lists of the men in Waldo's regiment, 
 recruited largely from coast towns between the Kennebec and the 
 Penobscot, have been disappointing in their results. The History of 
 Boothbay, Southport and Boothbay Harbor gives no names of men in 
 the expedition. Johnston, in his History of Bristol and Bremen, 
 mentions two names, Joseph Burns, captain of a transport, and James 
 Yeates, (p. 290). Lieut. Samuel L. Miller, of Waldoboro, then 
 
Maine at Lotdsbtirg in l'/4§ 87 
 
 Broadbay, -writes: "We have no records previous to 1773 when the 
 town was incorporated. Undoubtedly nearly all the Germans, who 
 were here then, enlisted. Sebastian Zouberbhuler or (Tsauberuhler) 
 was an agent of Waldo's in securing German settlers, and undoubtedly 
 commanded the German contingent in Waldo's regiment, ' but I cannot 
 give a single name of the rank and file. " Cyrus Eaton, in his Annals 
 of Warren, says (p. 73): " Many of the settlers at St. George's enlisted 
 in this Pepperrell's expedition. Several from the upper town took 
 their families with them. Some remaining at L,ouisburg three years, 
 and others never returning. . . . Among those who went to 
 Louisburg were Walker, Kelloch and Gregg with their families, also 
 Bernard and Allen, the latter of whom died there." 
 
 Southgate, in his history of Scarborough (Collections of the 
 Maine Historical Society, First Series, Vol. 3, p. 172), says: "One 
 hundred and sixty of our townsmen were enlisted in Col. Waldo's 
 regiment some time before the attack upon Louisburg, but it does not 
 appear how many of these continued in the service through that event, 
 or who of them were present and assisted in the capture, excepting 
 Sam'l Milliken, Roger Hunniwell and Seth Fogg. Milliken was lost on 
 the return thence, and Hunniwell had one arm shot off in the engage- 
 ment." On page 173, he adds: "The names of some of the soldiers 
 enlisted in this war from Scarborough are preserved in the following 
 lists : 
 
 " Capt. George Berry's Company. 
 
 "Daniel Moody, Josiah Hunniwell, John Libby, Thomas Foss, 
 Robert Munson, Alex Roberts, L,t. John Libbee, Noah L,ibbee, Sam'l 
 Larrabee, Richard Honewell, Jethro Starbird, Rich'd Carter, Theo'd 
 Moses, Robert Munson, James lyibbee, David Sawyer, L,t. Dan'l Fields 
 Walter Foss, Timo. Haines, Daniel Mudy. 
 
 " And in Capt. Thomas Perkins' Company. 
 "Isaac Mackene, James Libbee, Thomas Larrabee, Ephraim 
 Andrews, Sam'l Figuit (Fickett), Elijah Bragdon, John Myrick." 
 
 ' The conjecture is correct. Zouberbhuler's name appears in the list of commis- 
 sioned officers in Waldo's regiment. 
 
88 Maine at Louisburg in iy4§ 
 
 The name of Capt. George Berry does not occur in the lists of 
 Pepperrell's officers previously given, and it would seem that he must 
 have received his commission some time after the surrender. 
 
CORRESPONDENCE 
 
CORRESPONDENCE 
 
 DR. A. BUIvMAN TO WM, PEPPERRELL 
 [Proceedings Mass. Hist. Soc, 2 Series, Vol. 11, pp. 99, looj 
 
 To the Hon. Colonel Will. Pepperrell, Esqr., in Boston. Per. Mr. 
 Jou. Sayward. 
 
 York, Febry 4, 174 4-5 
 
 Hon. Sir : — Having a favorable opportunity by my neighbor J. 
 Sayward, I tho't it might not be disagreeable to let you know that 
 agreeable to the late proclamation, this day the several companies of the" 
 town were called together (except one), and there was a considerable 
 readiness in many to enlist ; and as I am informed 17 of Capt. Harmon's 
 snowshoe men have already entered their names enlisted. About ten 
 or twelve have enlisted at large under any captain whom the Governor 
 shall appoint. About ten more under Mr. James Donnell. And 
 twelve of Capt. Sewall's company have signed a paper signifying their 
 intention of enlisting, tho' desirous of first knowing who is like to be 
 their Captain. Among these twelve the Lieutenant of the company was 
 one. Here I cannot but observe (and indeed it was no small part of the 
 end of my writing to let you hear of what I doubt not but your Honor 
 will be pleased with) and that the said Capt. Sewall called his men to 
 his own house and generously entertained them all with a dinner and 
 much encouraged them to engage in the present expedition, promising 
 to as many of his men as would go that he would give them out of his 
 own pocket so much as with the Province pay they should have 8 £ per 
 month. And that if any of their families were in want he would 
 supply them so that they should not suffer. An example (I think, 
 and I doubt not your Honor will think) worth speaking of, and 
 worthy of imitation. Some decline enlisting till they know who 
 shall be the general officers, as also who shall be their particular 
 Captain. I have some reason to conclude from what I have heard that 
 your Honor has declined, so that I look upon my [self?] free from any 
 special obligation to attend the present service. But yet if there be a 
 
92 Maine at Louis burg in IT 45 
 
 blauk warrant for a surgeon's mate, if it might be filled up with the 
 name of John Sweet of York, he is willing and I hope would be able to 
 serve his King and country in that capacity. I would before I conclude 
 this scrip inform that this day I waited on your lady and found her 
 health something bettered. That your Honor, with the honorable 
 brethren, may have council from above to direct in the important 
 affairs you are from day to day engaged in is the hearty desire of your 
 Honors most humble and obliged servant, 
 
 A. BUIvMAN.' 
 
 P. S. I have reason to apologize for my freedom but I must omit 
 it till I shall have the pleasure of seeing your Honor face to face. 
 
 WILLIAM VAUGHAN TO WILLIAM PEPPERRELL. 
 [Pepperrell Papers, pp. 100, loi.] 
 
 To the Hon. W. Pepperrell, Esq., at Kittery. 
 
 Portsmouth, Feb. 8, 1744. 
 
 Hon. Sir, — Give me leave to salute you on your being appointed 
 General. I doubt not but you will use your best endeavor, and I 
 heartily wish you success. I am doing all that I can to forward the 
 business. I was lately at York, and find the people exceeding ready 
 to go, but are in confusion on account of officers. I hope Capt. 
 Donnell will be appointed a Lieut. Coll., and Elder Harmon a Major, 
 as he was the first man that engaged with me in the affair, even before 
 Capt. Donnell came. I pray that if these gentlemen are appointed 
 above Captains that they may have an allowance to nominate the 
 oflficers of these companies. I have desired the gentlemen at York to 
 march one company next Monday to Boston, to give life & spring 
 to the affair. I hope you'll encourage the same. I have written to Dr. 
 Hale to desire the Governor to order all the men to march next week. 
 I pray you to make ready to be at Boston next week, for dispatch is the 
 life of business. I have proposed that 2000 men, if no more, be ready 
 to sail by the twentyeth day of the month. I hear that you intend to 
 
 ' See pp. 50, 51. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 7/^5 03 
 
 be at this town Monday next ; shall endeavor to wait on you, should do 
 
 it sooner but that I expect you'll be full of company. 
 
 I am your humble servant, 
 
 W. Vaughan.* 
 Hon. W. Pepperrell, Esqr. 
 
 ANDREW LE MERCIER TO WII.LIAM PEPPERREI.I. 
 [Pepperrell Papers, pp. 102, 103.] 
 
 Boston, the 8th of February 174 4-5 
 Sir :~I give myself the honour to write to you to acquaint your 
 Honour that the Honorable Samuel Waldo hath been appointed by the 
 comittee of our General Court to speak to my son Andrew (now at" 
 Falmouth) and to encourage him to go with you and your army 
 against Cape Breton, in quality and in the character of a linguister. 
 Tho' I want him very much about some other business, yet if he can be 
 serviceable in the intended expedition, I would consent to his going 
 upon a suitable encouragement. It is uncertain yet how much the 
 General Court will allow him. It is not likely that they will grant 
 what I call a sufficient encouragement, except you are pleased to give 
 him a lieutenancy in your own regiment or some other. Indeed, Sir, 
 what makes people fond of commissions in your army is a hope, well or 
 ill grounded, that if the place be taken they may have their commis- 
 sions confirmed at home, and so have either a full sterling pay, if they 
 are imployed, and if they are dismissed a half pay. For that 
 reason I would have him receive a lieutenant's commission, and be left 
 in garrison there. However, I would desire it upon these terms, that 
 during the expedition he would only act as a linguister, and after the 
 taking of the place as both a Lieutenant and a linguister. My son hath 
 by him a plan of Louisburg and the fortifications of the town, drawn by 
 himself, which (as Captain Loring saith) is truer than any extant, and 
 might be of some use in this expedition. Pray, Sir, honour me with 
 one word of answer. I pray the God of Hosts to be your shield against 
 
 ' See pages ii, 12, 21, 28-30-52. 
 
94 Maifie at Loinsburg in 1^45 
 
 al your ennemies, to crown your undertaking with succes and your 
 person with His best blessings, and I pray you to believe me, most 
 respectfully. Sir, 
 
 Your Honour's most humble and obedient servant. 
 
 Andrew Le Mercier. ' 
 
 To the Honourable Brigadier Pepperel, Esqr., &c, &c. 
 Boston, the 8th of February, 174 4-5. 
 
 JOHNSON HARMON TO WILLIAM PEPPERRELL. 
 
 [Pepperrell Papers, pp. 103, 104.] 
 
 York, February 16, 1744. 
 
 To the Hon. William Pepperrell, Esq., Brigadier General, at Kittery 
 per Captain Beal. 
 
 Hond. Sir, — This waits on you with my duty, wishing you all 
 the success and comfort that prosperity can afford you in the great 
 trust reposed in you. May the conduct of Heaven always attend you in 
 every scene of life. The Providence of God blessing me with so good a 
 measure of health, and my inclinations being strong to wait on you to 
 Lewisburgh, I am persuaded there is something yet for me to do their 
 before I leave the world. And as your smile is all I crave in order to 
 my going with you, I shall look for my reward either in the coming 
 world (if I am called of in the cause of my King and country) or as you 
 see I deserve if ever I return to New England. If you'l favour me with 
 a line in answer, I shall look upon it as a token of your regard. I beg 
 leave. Honored Sir, to subscribe myself. 
 
 Your dutiful humble servant, 
 
 Johnson Harman.^ 
 
 'He was minister of the French Protestant church in Boston. Andrew Le Mercier 
 was commissioned a First Lieutenant in Col. Moulton's regiment, July 15, 1745. 
 
 - Also Harmon. He was commissioned Captain in Pepperrell's regiment. In earlier 
 life he had been conspicuous in Indian warfare, and was with Col. Moulton in many of his 
 expeditions. While the army was before Louisburg, he was put in charge of an 
 expedition to the island of St. Johns for the removal of the inhabitants to France. Gen. 
 Waldo, in a letter to Gen. Pepperrell concerning a proposed attack on the Island Battery? 
 wrote May 23, 1745 : "Capt Card & his company, Eldr Harman & his, Capt Terry & his 
 100 men, also the men who would have gone with Capt Pierce, would be the most likely to 
 be serviceable herein, but any companies you think well of may probably do as well." 
 
Maine at Louisbiirg in 1745 95 
 
 AMI RUH. CUTTER TO WIIvLIAM PEPPERRElvL. 
 [Pepperrell Papers, pp. 104, 105.] 
 
 For the Hon. William Pepperrell, Esq., Brigadier General for the 
 Expedition to Cape Breton, in Kittery or elsewhere, by Mr. Young. 
 
 Saco Falls, Febry 20, 1744- 
 Hond. Sir, — Understanding by Col. Waldo that my proposal of 
 being a surgeon in the intended expedition was rejected by the 
 Honorable Committee, and being desirous to go in some shape or other, 
 hearing nothing in answer to my request in writing to your Hond. for 
 an enlisting order, I took a warrant from Col, Waldo to beat in his and 
 your regiments, and have with such as I had secured before completed 
 the number of forty-six men, whose names I have sent to the Governor" 
 by Mr. Young, and do believe I can make up sixty. If what I have 
 done be agreeable to your Honor, I shall be content with a command 
 that will not degrade me. Dennis Downing tells me he has enlisted 
 with your Honor, notwithstanding he had before entered with me, 
 which he was induced to do for want of money, and I hear that 
 Nathaniel Crocker, another of my men, has since enlisted with Capt. 
 James Noble, which I mention that they may not be entered twice. 
 Sir, as Biddeford (wherein are about twelve of my men) is nearer to 
 Falmouth than to York, and as my family and a number of my men are 
 at North Yarmouth, I must beg the favour that I may appear with my 
 men at Falmouth rendezvous. I shall wait at Biddeford for your 
 Honor's further order, and am 
 
 Your humble servt. 
 
 Ami Ruh. Cutter.' 
 
 I expect by Saturday to make up sixty men, having already secured 
 five or six that are not in the list. 
 
 1 He was appointed Captain of the yth company in Col. Moulton's regiment, and was 
 left at Canso in command of the post after the army left Canso for Louisburg. Captain 
 Cutter was a graduate of Harvard College in 1725, and was ordained minister of the 
 church in North Yarmouth in 1729, but on account of differences that had arisen between 
 him and his people he was dismissed Dec. 12, 1742. Later he practiced as a physician. 
 In 1742 he removed to Saco, and was placed in command of a fort, and had charge of an 
 Indian trading house. He was made chief surgeon at Louisbufg, probably after the death 
 of Dr. Bulman, and died there in March, 1746. Edward Russell, in his History of North 
 
96 Maine at Louisbiirg in 1^45 
 
 DBA. JOHN GRAY TO WILLIAM PEPPERRELL. 
 
 (Pepperrell Papers, pp. 105, 106.) 
 
 To the Hon. William Pepperrell, Esq., Brigadier General and Com- 
 mander-in-chief of the intended Expedition, &c., at Kittery. 
 
 Biddeford, February 25, 1744. 
 Sir. — Though I may be the last that may congratulate you upon 
 your exalted station that the Almighty God and the people of this 
 province have entrusted you with, which, indeed, is of the greatest, and 
 in my small capacity of discerning the most wisely concerted for the 
 best interest of the whole continent, yet I may with sincerity own to 
 you my heart and affections are with you ; and had I had time to have 
 appeared, I should have been proud to have waited on you in this 
 expedition tho' without sustaining any commission or profit. It being 
 enough for me as a gentleman of this country to have accompanied 
 General Pepperel. I am fully knowing that in the midst of the hurry 
 of business you are now in, long epistles are unseasonable. Yet permit 
 me to add a few words which you may peruse at your leisure. Go on, 
 Great Sir, in your strength and under the banner of the Lord of Host. 
 'Tis not by numbers that I hope you think to conquer, but to them to 
 whom the arm of the Lord shall be revealed. I believe no expedition 
 ever will be any more accompanied with more ardent and fervent 
 prayers to God than this, that you Sir, may be directed to such 
 measures as may be to the honour and glory of God. For 'tis he that 
 giveth wisdom and upbraideth not. 'Tis strongly impressed on my 
 mind that you will have the honor of taking that strong citidal. And 
 how sweet and pleasant will it be to you to be the person under God 
 that shall reduce and pull down that stronghold of Satan, and set up 
 the kingdom of our exalted Savior. O, that I could be with you and 
 dear Mr. Moody in that single church to destroy the images their set 
 
 Yarmouth, says : "Although dismissed from the office of minister, he did not lose the 
 confidence of the people. He was much employed in transacting the business of the 
 proprietors, in drawing reports, deeds, and even writing letters for individuals. The 
 records and ancient papers furnish ample evidence, that nothing important was done 
 while he resided here without his aid ; and his elegant handwriting will render him an 
 agreeable companion to every antiquary who may examine these documents. " Coll. of 
 Maine Hist. Society, ist Series, Vol. 2, pp. 186, 1S7. 
 
Maine at Lonisbtirg in IJ^J.^ gy 
 
 up, aud the true Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ there 
 preached. My wife who is low and under confinement, yet is so 
 spirited in the affair on your taking of the comand that she is very 
 willing all her sons shall wait on you, tho' it is outwardly much to our 
 damage ; one is already enlisted, aud [we] know not but there may be 
 more. She sends her duty to you, and tells me as long as she has life 
 she shall importunatly pray for you. I have attended the enlistments 
 by your officers here, but am surprised at the conduct of Capt. Cutter. 
 I am honored Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient friend aud humble servant, 
 
 John Gray.' 
 
 MOSES PEARSON TO WII.LIAM PEPPERRELIv. 
 [Pepperrell Papers, pp. 107, 108.] 
 
 Falmouth, February 27, 1744. 
 Honored Sir,— In obedience to your Honor's command I take this, 
 being the first, opportunity to let you know I got home the 25th instant ; 
 siuce which I have enlisted twelve able-bodied men. My being from 
 home, Capt. Noble, Capt. Moody, and Capt. Cutter, with some others 
 telling people I had got a full company at Newbury and did not intend 
 to return to Falmouth, but proceed to Boston, induced a number 
 on whom I most depended to enlist with the said Captains, so that men 
 are not plenty ; but I hope within four or five days to make up the 
 number thirty or more, and take the first opportunity to Boston. I am. 
 Your Honor's most obedient servant 
 
 Moses Pearson.^ 
 Postscript. Colonel Waldo at Biddeford informed me Capt. Cutter 
 would have no commission and encouraged me I had opportunity to take 
 the men he enlisted at Falmouth. If so I shall be able to make up a 
 company in a short time. I am. Honored Sir, 
 
 Yours ; 
 
 Moses Pearson. 
 
 ' He was deacon of the church in Biddeford. 
 becaJ^°„'n^ ofT" '^T f^o-" Newbury to Falmouth in 1728. He was a carpenter, and 
 SZl ^ r ! . prominent citizens of Falmouth. He was the first sheriff of 
 Cumberland Couaty, a deputy to the General Court in 1737, '40 and '49, and judge of the 
 
98 Maine at Louisburg in iy4§ 
 
 NICHOLAS SPARHAWK TO WILLIAM PEPPERRELL. 
 [Pepperrell Papers, pp. ii8, 119.] 
 
 Kittery, 18 March, 1744. 
 Hon. Sir : I wrote you the last post but one, which went under 
 cover to my partner, and he doubtless delivered it to you. I wonder 
 not that I have no answer, since you were engaged greatly in matters 
 of infinitely greater consequence. As I expect this will be delivered 
 you at sea, you may possibly have leisure enough to read it and will 
 excuse me, should it give you any interruption, nothing further being 
 proposed by it then to give you a fresh (and the best I am able to 
 present) token of my filial regards and affection towards a parent to 
 whom I can neither express my obligations, much less requite them, 
 nor give more then a shadow of the firm attachment I have to your 
 person and interest. I do assure you, Sir, that I constantly bear you on 
 mind with all the duty, love, and respect that the best father can desire 
 or claim from an affectionate and most obedient son ; nor am I more 
 soUicitous for the prosperity of my own family (which I know is 
 closely connected and depends greatly on your prosperity, favour & 
 patronage) then for the happiness of yours ; and I am more especially 
 concerned in regard of your present great undertaking, that the 
 Almighty God may preserve you in and qualify you for everything that 
 may be required from you ; that He would give you health, wisdom and 
 courage equal to your enterprises ; that you may gain an honourable 
 victory, and be returned in safety, according to your wishes, and may 
 have the just applause of all good men for your love of virtue 
 magnanimity, and inviolable attachment to our nation and particularly 
 to New England ; and may not only your works praise you, but may 
 your countrymen, inspired with a sense of your value universally rise 
 and call you blessed. This letter, I trust, will be more agreeable as it 
 covers one from your good lady, my mother Pepperrell. Bettsy begs 
 
 Court of Common Pleas. His share of the plunder at Louisburg was two cannon. When 
 in the autumn of 1746 all New England was in arms on account of the arrival of 
 D'Anville's fleet, sent over from France for the purpose of retaking and dismantling 
 Louisburg and making havoc along the New England coast, the people of Falmouth, in 
 town meeting, requested the loan of these two cannon to be placed on Spring Point, the 
 site of Fort Preble. See p. 52, note 2. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 gg 
 
 her father to accept her in joining with me in every wish, peice of 
 respect, and duty. Each of our families (God be thanked) are pretty 
 well. Mr. Waldron, the bearer, has in a very complaisant manner 
 taken leave of each of them, which is a piece of civility that he is 
 singular in, and therefore if his behavior entitles him likewise, he will 
 have some marks of your favor to distinguish him. Pray, Sir, favor me 
 with a line, if an express comes from you, which will highly honor and 
 particularly gratify me. I would not presume to add any more. Allow 
 me to finish with my compliments to Colonel Waldo and any gentlemen 
 that may enquire after me, and to assure you that I am sincerely and 
 with all possible defference. Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient son & devoted humble servant. 
 Brigadier General Pepperrell. ^- S^arhawk.' " 
 
 WILLIAM PKPPERRELL TO HIS WIFE. 
 [Vol. Q., Willis Mss., Library of Maine, Historical Society, Portland.] 
 
 My dearest : Louisbourg, Sept. 1 1, 1 745- 
 
 I received by Capt. More six shirts in a bundle, but no letter from 
 you, which gave me some concern. If you knew what pleasure a 
 letter from you gives me, I am sure you would strain your dear eyes 
 even by candle-light ; but am afraid you was not well, being well 
 assured you cannot forget me. 
 
 We have not as yet any answer to our express's from England, and 
 it being uncertain where [when] I shall return this winter, although it 
 IS the earnest desire of my soul to be with you and my dear family, 
 but I desire to be made willing to submit to him that rules and governs 
 all things well ; as to leave this place without liberty I don't think I 
 can on any account. 
 
 I shall want some red, blue and black thread to mend my clothes, 
 worsted and yarn to mend my stockings, some pieces of dark blue, red 
 or crimson Shalloon to mend my clothes. I do believe I have clothes 
 enough for winter except it is a pair or two of yarn stockings. I have 
 
 10 'f''L°^^'Sparhawk married Elizabeth, eldest daughter of William Pepperrell June 
 m HediJ^r^^r T- J^'^^'^P-hawkof Bristol, R.L.and was born Ma ch 4! 
 1715- We diedat Kittery, Dec. 21, 1776. 
 
100 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 sent you five shirts and three necks, for they spoil shirts to wash them 
 here. I sent you all my tea in great hopes then soon to follow it ; but 
 you must send three or four pounds. Catto ' will want a pair or two 
 of large thick shoes, stockings and woolen shirts or two, some fowls 
 [fouls] will answer, and then hope I shall be well provided for winter. 
 
 If you have an opportunity you may send these things, but don't 
 give yourself much trouble about them. Hope we shall do well with- 
 out them. 
 
 Let Andrew send me the saddle I rode to Boston on, the plate 
 holsters, pistol-bags and housing, a good bridle. As to pistols I have 
 a [ ?] here. 
 
 But after all I hope to be with you this winter; if not must 
 provide for the worst. 
 
 And now my dear, I must tell you something of the distress and 
 
 anguish of my soul. My prudent and valiant Doctor Bulman, although 
 
 [he] has had his health finely until about six days past, was taken with 
 
 a nervous fever and given over. I expected the day past he would not 
 
 have lived, but blessed be God there is some hopes this morning. The 
 
 Lord in great mercy continue him to us if it is his holy and blessed 
 
 will. 
 
 Cannot enlarge my love to my dear children and all my dear 
 
 friends ; and accept of same from 
 
 Your affectionate husband, 
 
 Wm. Pepperrell. 
 
 REV. SAMUEL JEFFERDS TO COL. JOHN STORER. 
 
 Wells, September i6, 1745. 
 To Col. John Storer, Esq., at Louisburg: 
 
 Dear Sir, — I should not have delayed the congratulating you upon 
 the reduction of Cape Breton, nor the acknowledging the receipt of 
 your favors to me from Louisburg, dated June 22 and June 30, unto 
 this day, as I have done, had not a fond expectation of seeing you here 
 from week to week, operated with me, to think, that my writing to you 
 there, would have been fruitless. But having seen my mistake, and to 
 amend it as well as I can, I embrace this opportunity to express my 
 ' Cato Farwell, Gen. Pepperrell's colored servant. 
 
Maine at L 07ns burg in 1^4^ lOl 
 
 joint praises and thanksgivings with you unto God, for the marvellous 
 things which he has herein done by, and for you, and for us, whose 
 right Hand and holy Arm hath gotten him the victory. Here is a new 
 song put into our mouths ; a song of praise to the LORD, for the 
 avenging of Israel when the people willingly offered themselves. We 
 bless God for what he has done, and acknowledge he has laid us under 
 singular obligations of gratitude and thankfulness to those he has been 
 pleased to honor, by improving them as happy instruments in this truly 
 great and glorious work. Our hearts should be, and I trust are, carried 
 out in esteem and love, especially towards the Governors or Rulers of 
 our New English Israel, that offered themselves willingly among the 
 people. — O that We may cleave to the Lord our God, and take good 
 Heed to ourselves that we may love him and serve him and may He- 
 confirm his work, and satisfy our longing souls in your safe and speedy 
 return unto us. 
 
 I take it as a special favor, that in the midst of all your triumphs, 
 you was pleased to remember me, and to take so much notice of the few 
 lines I sent you, and give yourself the trouble of writing me once 
 and again. I thank you for the particular account you was pleased to 
 give me of the strong but conquered city. 
 
 Your aged holy mothers are still living, and in their common state 
 of health, as are also the rest of your family. Your pious consort, 
 though heavily bowed down under the cares and troubles of your long 
 absence, and filled with grief and sorrow under the unexpected con- 
 tinuance of it, yet she bears it all with an exemplary patience, and 
 sweet serenity of mind. Your eldest son keeps our school ; your 
 second looks after your husbandry and other affairs. Your daughter is 
 at Boston, waiting for your arrival, and to accompany you here. Your 
 two youngest daughters are at home longing to see you, and little Sam'l 
 is ready to jump and fly into your arms. I presume you have received 
 the mournful news of the Hon. Colonel Wheelright's decease and of 
 your honored aunt Littlefield's. Besides which, there has but one 
 grown person died among us, since you have gone, viz. Sam. 
 Littlefield's wife of Maryland, and not so much as a child, belonging to 
 any of our friends that are with you. 
 
 Be pleased. Sir, to present my duty to his Excellency, our Captain 
 
102 Maine at Louisburg in I'/4§ 
 
 General, for whose wise, just, and easy, happy administration, thanks 
 are continually offered up unto God, by a grateful Province, with their 
 earnest prayers for the long continuance and further prosperity of it ; 
 and to his Honor, our Lieutenant General, the merits of whose valor 
 and conduct will not be forgotten by an obliged people, but conveyed 
 down to late posterity with all suitable tokens of respect. Please to 
 give all proper regards to all friends, and especially my hearty love to 
 these of my particular charge, that are yet at Louisburg. 
 
 And now, Sir, that the happy day may be hastened when I shall see 
 you face to face, and hear you rehearse the righteous acts of the Lord, 
 and go in Company with you to his house, and there enjoy an holy 
 fellowship with you, is the constant, earnest desire, and fervant prayer 
 
 of 
 
 Your faithful and affectionate Pastor and 
 Dutiful, humble. Servant, 
 
 Sam'i, JEFFERDS. 
 
OFFICIAL REPORTS, &c. 
 
OFFICIAL REPORTS, &c. 
 
 PEPPERREIvL'S REPORT TO GOV. SHIRLEY. 
 
 Louisburg, June i8, 1745. 
 
 May it please your Excellency : It is with the utmost pleasure that 
 I now congratulate you and my country on the happy issue of our 
 enterprise against Louisburg, which was effected through God's good- 
 ness by the surrender of this strong fortress, etc., on the i6th instant, 
 upon terms of capitulation agreed to with the governor of said place, by 
 Commodore Warren, and myself, a copy of which I have inclosed to 
 your Excellency ; and accordingly the fleet came into the harbor, and a 
 detachment of our troops with myself entered the town yesterday and 
 this morning. The French troops marched out and were embarked on 
 board the ships. We are with all possible speed removing everything 
 from the camp into town, and are taking an account of the state of the 
 garrison and of the stores found here, which I shall send with this, if 
 it can be accomplished in season. We find our shot and bombs have 
 prodigiously distressed and damaged the enemy. The circular battery 
 is almost entirely demolished ; but I must omit particulars. Many of 
 our army will be impatient to return home. I desire your directions on 
 that head, also relating to Canso, etc., etc. I shall forthwith forward 
 despatches to the Duke of Newcastle to inform his grace of our success 
 and situation. 
 
 I need not again express to you. Sir, that I esteem it of the 
 happiest consequence that his Majesty's ships were sent here under the 
 command of a gentleman whose distinguished merit and goodness New 
 England claims a particular right to honor and rejoice in. I should 
 want words to express the instances of his zeal in the affair, and the 
 entire readiness he has shown through the whole of it, to give the army 
 all possible assistance, but to your Excellency and every one who 
 knows him, it is enough to say. Commodore Warren was here. I was 
 favored with his company on shore the day Mr. Duchambon sent out 
 
lo6 Maine at Loiiisburg in l'/45 
 
 his first letter desiring suspension of hostilities, and we had just before 
 agreed upon a general attack by land and sea the first opportunity ; 
 but heaven has given us an easier victory than that might probably 
 have been. We have not lost above one hundred men by the enemy in 
 this vast enterprise, including the disaster at the island battery. 
 
 [After referring to the lack of provisions, flags, and building 
 materials to make the necessary repairs, he adds : ] 
 
 I believe such ruins were never seen before, which, however, is not 
 to be wondered at, as we gave the town about nine thousand cannon 
 balls and six hundred bombs before they surrendered, which sorely 
 distressed them, especially the day before they sent out a flag of truce, 
 when our incessant fire on the town prevented their showing their 
 heads or stirring from their covert ways, and from our light-house 
 battery we played upon the island battery with our cannon and large 
 mortar, so that some of them ran into the sea for shelter. 
 
 REPORT BY WARREN AND PEPPERRELL TO THE DUKE OP 
 
 NEWCASTLE. 
 
 [Parsons' Life of Sir William Pepperrell, p. 119. J 
 
 Louisburg, June 18, 1745. 
 May it please your Grace : 
 
 We presume you have been made acquainted, by Governor Shirley, 
 of the expedition intended against Louisburg and the territory there- 
 unto belonging. We have now only time to congratulate your Grace on 
 the success of his Majesty's arms by the surrender of said place on the 
 i6th instant, after a siege of forty-nine days on terms of capitulation, a 
 copy of which we inclose to your Grace. The repeated timely assistance 
 of the squadron of his Majesty's sent here, deserves our most grateful 
 acknowledgments. The acquisition of this strong fortress which 
 much exceeds our most extended apprehensions, will, we are 
 persuaded, be thought of great advantage to his Majesty's dominions, 
 especially in North America, and that immediate care will be taken for 
 the defence thereof, by the nation ; also that his Majesty's subjects who 
 voluntarily engaged in the expedition will be entitled to such favor 
 
Maine at Louisbnrg in IJ4S 107 
 
 from his Majesty as will animate them to make further progress 
 against the settlements of the French in America, and flatter ourselves 
 that his Majesty will be graciously pleased to approve of, by confirming 
 such persons in their posts for their zeal and good behavior, as we from 
 personal observation take leave to recommend to his favor. 
 
 PEPPERRElvL'S REPORT TO THE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE 
 
 [Pep. Papers, 299-302.] 
 
 Louisbourg, June 28th, 1745. 
 My Lord Duke : 
 
 I have already had the honor to transmit to your Grace in conjunc- 
 tion with Commodore Warren an account of the success of his Majesty's 
 arms in the reduction of Louisburg and territories adjacent to his 
 Majesty's obedience, which was happily effected on the sixteenth 
 instant by an army of his Majesty's New England subjects whom I have 
 the honor to be at the head of, assisted on the seaside by a squadron of 
 his Majesty's ships under the command of Mr. Warren, said fortresses & 
 territories being surrendered on terms of capitulation, of which a copy 
 was forwarded to your Grace with our letter, and duplicate thereof is 
 herewith inclosed. On the 17th instant his Majesty's ships entered the 
 harbor, and the same day, part of the troops with myself marched into 
 the city. Since which have used the utmost dilligence in making the 
 proper dispositions for the security and good regulation of the place, 
 and the speedy evacuation of it, agreeable to the terms of capitulation. 
 I have now the honor to enclose to your Grace an account of what troops 
 were raised in each of his Majesty's governments in New England which 
 were aiding in this expedition and the present state of them, and I 
 flatter myself that his Majesty will be graciously pleased to approve of 
 their zeal in voluntarily engaging in so expensive and hazardous an 
 enterprise, even before they had notice of any other naval force than the 
 private vessels of war fitted out by themselves. And I humbly beg 
 your Grace's leave to say that I should not do my fellow soldiers justice 
 if I omitted this opportunity to assure your Grace that they have with 
 the utmost cheerfulness endured almost incredible hardships, not only 
 
I08 Maine at Loiiishirg in 1^45 
 
 those necessarily incident to a camp in such an inclement climate, 
 where their lodging and accommodations could not be but of the poor- 
 est sort, but also in landing and transporting with infinite industry and 
 pains our heavy artillery (some of which were 42 lb. cannon) several 
 miles in cold foggy nights over almost impassible bogs, morasses and 
 rocky hills, also in landing the warlike stores and provisions, in doing 
 which they were extreamly exposed ; and at the same time we were 
 obliged to keep out large detachments to range the woods in order to 
 intercept and disperse parties of the French and Indian enemy who were 
 gathering together behind us, with whom we had several skirmishes, in 
 all which we routed the enemy, killed and wounded many of them, and 
 took upwards of two hundred prisoners. Several sallies were made 
 from the town, in all which we repulsed the enemy with very little loss 
 on our side, and we have been so happy thro' God's goodness as not to 
 lose above 100 men by the enemy in the whole of this great enterprise. 
 They held out against a close siege of forty-nine days, during which 
 time we raised five fascine batteries, from whence, and a large battery 
 deserted by the enemy on our landing, we gave them above nine 
 thousand cannon ball and about six hundred bombs, which greatly 
 distressed them and much damaged their fortifications, and in partic- 
 ular rendered useless the most considerable battery of the town (called 
 the Circular Battery) which mounted sixteen large cannon and very 
 much commanded the harbor. The fatigue of our men in all these 
 services was so great that we had near fifteen hundred sick at a time. 
 Notwithstanding all which they not only continued to express 
 the greatest zeal to go on vigorously against the enemy, but in general 
 generously acquiesced in the loss of the plunder they expected from 
 the riches of the city, and tho' undisciplined troops I am persuaded his 
 Majesty has not in his dominions a number of subjects more 
 universally loyal, or that could possibly express greater readiness to 
 spend their lives in the cause they were embarked in for his Majesty's 
 honor and the good of their country. I esteem it a peculiar favour and 
 of the happiest consequence that his Majesty's ships sent so timely to 
 our assistance were under the command of a gentleman of such 
 distinguished merit and so universally beloved in New England as 
 Commodore Warren. He has constantly exerted himself to give the 
 
Maine at Louisbtirg in 1^45 109 
 
 army all possible assistance, and the same day that a suspension of 
 hostilities was desired by the enemy, we had determined upon a general 
 assault by land and sea, and for the better manning the ships for that 
 purpose it was agreed to spare them six hundred men out of our troops. 
 I have the honor also to inform your Grace that in our way from New 
 England we stopt at Canso, and began to rebuild the fortification 
 there, which the French destroyed last year, and left eight cannon with 
 the necessary stores and eighty men of the troops to complete and 
 defend the same, which I hope will meet with his Majesty's gracious 
 approbation. We have also destroyed the town and the fort at St. 
 Peters and several other considerable settlements upon this island ; 
 and may the happy success of this expedition against Louisburg (the 
 pride of France) whereby his Majesty has the key of the great river of 
 St. Lawrence, and by which the absolute command of the fishery and 
 indeed very much of the whole trade of North America is secured to his 
 Majesty's subjects, be an happy prelude to the reduction of all the 
 French settlements in America, in which, will your Grace permit me to 
 say, I am confident his Majesty's New England subjects will at all times 
 be ready to contribute their utmost assistance, as far as their circum- 
 stances will admit of. And his Majesty's great goodness leaves no room 
 to doubt but that he will be graciously pleased to express his royal 
 favor toward those who engaged in this expedition in such manner as 
 will animate them and their country to proceed further with the 
 greatest cheerfulness. I must not omit to acquaint your Grace that the 
 French in conjunction with the Indian enemy had prepared to besiege 
 the garrison of Annapolis Royal this summer ; seven or eight hundred 
 of them having gathered together there, expecting, as 'tis said, an 
 armament from France to join them, but were called off from thence to 
 the relief of Louisburg, but did not arrive in season. It appears there 
 were notwithstanding about 2000 men able to bear arms in the city when 
 it was surrendered. 
 
 I now have the honour to inclose also your Grace an account of the 
 state of this fortress, and of the stores found here, and beg your 
 Grace's leave to mention that the inclemency of this climate will 
 render it absolutely necessary that particular care be taken for the 
 warm clothing and lodging of the troops posted here. I presume his 
 
no Maine at Lo7iishi,rg in 1^4^ 
 
 Majesty will be pleased forthwith to make known his royal pleasure 
 relating to this important place, 'till which time I shall endeavour with 
 the utmost loyalty and my best discretion to promote the security and 
 good regulation thereof, and beg leave to subscribe myself, with 
 all possible duty & respect, may it please your Grace, 
 
 Your Grace's most obedient and most humble servant. 
 
 W. P. 
 Louisbourg, June 28, 1745. 
 His Grace, the Duke of Newcastle, &c., &c., &c. 
 
 THE GENERAL COURT TO PEPPERRELL 
 
 Province of the 
 Massachusetts Bay. 
 
 Boston, Dec. 24, 1745. 
 Sir: 
 
 As his Excellency's wise choice and appointment of you to the 
 chief command of the land forces, on his first forming the design to 
 reduce Cape Breton, gave us great satisfaction and hopes, so your 
 brave and successful execution of this important trust has given us the 
 highest joy and pleasure : And we do with the greatest sincerity 
 congratulate you on the approbation and favor your great and good 
 services met with from our most gracious sovereign, by his creating you 
 a baronet of Great Britain, an honor never before conferred on a native 
 of New England,* and we heartily rejoice^ that as a farther assurance of 
 his Majesty's satisfaction in your conduct, courage and fidelity, his 
 Majesty has appointed you Colonel of a regiment designed for the 
 preservation of the important acquisition you so bravely obtained : 
 We have no occasion now to debate, whether it be a greater glory to 
 procure or preserve a conquest ; you have done both. You first 
 reduced a strong and almost impregnable fortress and then cheerfully 
 submitted to the difl&culties and inconveniences of continuing on the 
 place for the quiet and satisfaction of the officers and soldiers whom 
 you had so happily led on to victory. 
 
 ' This is an error. Sir William Phips, a native of Woolwich, Maine, received the 
 honor of knighthood at Windsor Castle, June 28, 1687. 
 
Maine at Lotiisbtirg in 1^45 in 
 
 And we cannot forbear mentioning what every one proclaims to 
 your honor, that no mercenary or vain consideration induced you to 
 accept of this difficult and hazardous service ; nothing but a zeal for 
 his Majesty's interest and an ardent affection to the good of your fellow 
 subjects, could have carried you from the most affluent fortune among 
 us, and from the head of his Majesty's Council, the highest honor 
 your native country could put upon you. 
 
 We heartily congratulate that so brave a Commander as Admiral 
 Warren had the direction of his Majesty's ships of war, and on you and 
 his mutual, wise and harmonious conduct in this important affair which 
 has proved so beneficial for the producing this great event. 
 
 We earnestly pray that the same kind Providence which has 
 hitherto remarkably attended and crowned your faithful services with " 
 success, may still preserve and long continue you in the favor of your 
 king and an honor and blessing to this your native country. 
 
 In the name and by order of the Council. 
 
 JosiAH W11.1.ARD, Secretary. 
 
 In the name and by the order of the House of Representatives 
 
 Thomas Cushing, Speaker. 
 
 [Baxter Manuscripts, Maine Historical Society, Documentary 
 History, Second Series, Vol. 11, pp. 311, 312.] 
 
IMPORTANT SOURCES OF INFORMATION 
 
 CONCERNING LOUISBURG, ITS 
 
 SIEGE AND CAPTURE 
 
IMPORTANT SOURCES OF 
 INFORMATION 
 
 The Great Importance of Cape Breton, Demonstrated and Exem- 
 plified By Extracts from the best Writers, French and English, who 
 have treated of that Colony. 
 
 The Whole containing, besides the most accurate Descriptions of 
 the Place a Series of the Arguments that induced the French Court to 
 settle and fortify it, the Plan laid down for making the Establishment," 
 and the great Progress made in the Execution of that Plan ; with the 
 Reasons that induced the People of New England to subdue this 
 formidable and dangerous Rival, and that should determine the 
 British Nation never to part with it again, on any Consideration 
 whatever. 
 
 London. Printed for John Brindley, Bookseller to his Royal 
 Highness the Prince of Wales, 1746, [John Carter Brown Library, 
 Brown University.] 
 
 The importance of Cape Breton to the British Nation, humbly 
 represented by Robert Auckmuty, Judge, &c., in New England, N. B. 
 Upon the plan laid down in this representation the island was taken by 
 Commodore Warren and General Pepperrell the 14th of June, 1745. 
 London, 1745. [A tract of seven pages in the Library of Harvard 
 University. A paper of this title, printed in the Mass. Hist. Coll., V. 
 202-205 has the name correct, Auchmuty, and is dated "from my 
 lodgings in Cecil Street, the 9th of April, 1744."] 
 
 The Importance and Advantage of Cape Breton, Truly Stated and 
 Impartially Considered. With proper maps. London, 1746. [Ascribed 
 to William Bollan and believed by some to have been inspired by Lt. 
 Col. William Vaughan. Chapter VI, is entitled " A Summary Relation 
 of the Siege of Lewisburg. With a Short Account of Mr. William 
 Vaughan's particular Behavior in the Expedition of Cape Breton." 
 [John Carter Brown Library, Brown University.] 
 
ii6 Maine at Louisburg in iy^§ 
 
 An accurate Journal and Account of the Proceedings of the New 
 England Forces During the late Expedition against the French Settle- 
 ments on Cape Breton to the Time of the Surrender of Louisbourg, 
 1746. 
 
 [Pepperrell, Waldo, Col. Moore of the New Hampshire regiment, 
 Lieut. Col. Lothrop of the Connecticut regiment and Lieut. Col. 
 Gridley of the artillery certified that this account "contains a just 
 Representation of the Transactions and Occurrences therein set forth 
 and of the Behaviour of the said Forces .... Sent over, by 
 General Pepperrell himself, to his Friend Capt. Henry Stafford, at 
 Exmouth, Devon. Printed from the original Manuscript, at the Desire 
 of Capt. Stafford, as well as in Justice to the General, or for the better 
 information of the Publick." John Carter Brown Library, Brown 
 University, Library of Harvard University, Boston Public Library and 
 State Library, Boston. The Journal was printed, with occasional verbal 
 differences, as an appendix to a letter written by Gov. Shirley to the 
 Duke of Newcastle, entitled " Letter from -William Shirley, Esq., to 
 the Duke of Newcastle, with a Journal of the Siege of Louisbourg. 
 London, 1746." There is a copy in the State Library in Augusta.] 
 
 In a sermon by Thomas Prince, M. A., " Extraordinary Events the 
 Doings of God, and marvellous in pious Eyes," preached " at the South 
 Church, Boston, N. E. on the General Thanksgiving, Thursday, July 
 18, 1745," there is considerable information with reference to the siege 
 and capture of Louisburg evidently derived from oflScers and soldiers 
 connected with the expedition. [The State Library at Augusta has 
 a copy.] 
 
 A manuscript diary, kept by Mr. Benjamin Green, Secretary of the 
 Louisburg expedition of 1745, is one of the treasures of the library of 
 the American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass. It was presented 
 to the Society April 27, 1818, by George Bates, M. D., and was printed 
 in the Proceedings of the Society for October, 1909, under the title 
 "The Sir William Pepperrell Journal." This is not the title of the 
 manuscript given to it by Mr. Green. He entitled it "Journal or 
 Minutes made in an Expedition against Louisbourg. Anno Domini 
 1745." There is nothing in the manuscript which indicates that this 
 
Maine at Lotiisbiirg in 1^45 1 17 
 
 was regarded as the official record of the expedition. Certainly, the 
 title, " The Sir William Pepperrell Journal," is a misleading one.' 
 
 Ivieut. Col. John Storer of Wells is said to have kept a diary begin- 
 ning at Wells, March 8, 1745, and ending April 30. Dr. S. A. Green 
 Secretary of the Massachusetts Historical Society, says he was informed 
 by the late Hon. Joseph Williamson that Col. Storer's diary was pub- 
 lished in the Lewiston Journal in 1854. The office of the Lewiston 
 Journal has not a file of the paper for that year, and search for one else- 
 where has not been successful. Unless a copy of the I^ewiston Journal, 
 containing Col. Storer's diary can yet be found, therefore, it is believed 
 that the loss is irreparable. 
 
 Col. James Gibson, who accompanied the French prisoners to 
 France as cartel-agent, published in London in 1745, "Journal of the' 
 late Siege by the Troops of North America against the French at Cape 
 Breton. There is a copy in the John Carter Brown Library, Brown 
 University. 
 
 The most important of Gen. Pepperrell's papers came into the 
 hands of Dr. Jeremy Belknap, who used them in the preparation of his 
 History of New Hampshire. Afterward he deposited them in the 
 archives of the Massachusetts Historical Society, where they are 
 preserved in two volumes. In the same depository are the Belknap 
 Papers, also a volume of Louisburg papers. Dr. Usher Parsons, in 
 preparing his Life of Sir William Pepperrell, used not only the 
 Massachusetts Historical Society materials, but some papers he found 
 at Kittery " in an old shed on the Pepperrell estate." 
 
 ' Benjamin Green Esq., is mentioned in the records of the Council of War presented 
 to the Massachusetts Historical Society by Dr. Belknap in October, 1791, (Pepperrell 
 Papers, Vol. X, p. 3); also as appointed treasurer " to receive and pay the money for the 
 repairs made at Louisbourg" after the surrender (p. 32). He was born July i, 1713, and 
 in his early manhood was engaged in mercantile pursuits in Boston with his brothers, 
 Joseph and John. At the organization of the Louisburg expedition he was made Gen. 
 Pepperrell's secretary ; and while at Louisburg, after the surrender, he held several 
 offices of honor and responsibility until 1749- Later, at Hahfax, N. S., he continued in 
 the public service, and in 1757 he was made military secretary to the Commander-in-Chief 
 of his Majesty's forces, and Colonel of the militia of Nova Scotia. He died at Halifax 
 in 1792. 
 
Il8 Maine at Louisburg in 1745 
 
 BOOKS IN THE JOHN CARTER BROWN LIBRARY, 
 BROWN UNIVERSITY 
 
 The Importance and Advantage of Cape Breton, Truly Stated and 
 Impartially Considered . . . London . . . MDCCXLVI. 
 
 The Great Importance of Cape Breton, Demonstrated and 
 Exemplified . . . London . . . MDCCXLVI. 
 
 De Importantie en Voordeeligheid van Kaap-Breton . . . Te 
 Delft . . . 1746. 
 
 Two letters. Concerning some farther Advantages . . . Cape Breton, 
 London . . . 1746. 
 
 Lettres et Memoires . . . L'Histoire . . Du Cap Breton . . . Son 
 ^tablissement . . . 1758. A la Haye ... A Londres . . . MDCCLX. 
 
 Genuine Letters and Memoirs, Relating to . . . History of . . . 
 Cape Breton . . . First Settlement . . . 1758. By an impartial 
 Frenchman, London . . . 1760. 
 
 Shirley, William. 1744-1745. Instructions ... to Wm. Pepperrell 
 ... an expedition against Cape Breton. Massachusetts Historical 
 Society in American Apollo, 1792. Metcalf 941. 
 
 (Pepperrell, William) An Accurate Journal and Account of the 
 Proceedings of the New-England Land-Forces . . . Cape Breton . . . 
 Surrender of Louisbourg . . . London . . 1745. 
 
 Warren, P. and Pepperrell, Wm., MS. News Letter to Governor 
 Wanton, Louisbourg, Jan'y 25th, 1745. 
 
 Pepperrell, William MS. Autograph order to Col. Hale, 
 Louisbourg, July 31, 1745. 
 
 Lettre D'un Habitant De Louisbourg, Contenant exacte & circon- 
 stanciee de la Prise de L'Isle-Royale, par les Anglais Quebec . . . 
 MDCCXLV. Translated by G. M, Wrong, 1897. 
 
 A letter from William Shirley, Esq ; . . . Duke of Newcastle. . . . 
 with a Journal of the Seige of Louisbourg . . . London . . . 1746. 
 
 Gibson, James. A Journal of the late Siege by the Troops from 
 North America, against The French at Cape Breton . . . London . . . 
 MDCCXLV. 
 
 Prentice, Thomas. When the People and the Rulers among them 
 . . . Thanksgiving . . . Reduction of Cape Breton. Boston . . . 1745- 
 
Maine at Louisburg tn 1^4^ 119 
 
 Prince, Thomas. Extraordinary Events the Doings of God . . . 
 Occasion'd by the taking of Louisbourg, . . . Boston . . . 1745. 
 
 Niles, Samuel. A Brief and Plain Essay on God's Wonder-Work- 
 ing Providence . . . Reduction of Louisbourg. N. London, 1747. 
 
 Sewall, Joseph. The Lamb Slain . . . Boston . . . 1745- (The 
 last few leaves refer to the capture of Cape Breton). 
 
 Walter, Nathaniel. The Character of a True Patriot. Boston 
 
 . . • 1745- 
 
 Chauncey, Charles. Marvellous Things done by the right hand 
 and holy arm of God . . . Thanksgiving . . . Reduction of Cape 
 Breton . . . Boston . . . London: reprinted 1745- 
 
 McClenachan, William. The Christian Warriour . . (Cape Breton) 
 Boston . . . 1745. 
 
 A Letter to a certain Eminent British Sailor, Occasion'd by his 
 Specimen of Naked Truth. London . . . MDCCXLVI. 
 
 National Prejudice, Opposed to the National Interest . , . yield- 
 ing up Gibralter and Cape Breton . . . London . . . 1748- 
 
 (Vernon, Admiral Edward) A Specimen of Naked Truth, from a 
 British Sailor . . . London . . . MDCCXLVI. 
 
 A Voyage to South America, undertaken by command of his 
 Majesty the king of Spain by Don George Juan and Don Antonio de 
 Ulloa [Capt. Ulloa, returning in a French vessel, was captured off 
 Louisburg, August 13, 1745, and given an account of Louisburg, as he 
 found it so shortly after its capture. See Vol. 2, Chap. VII, pp. 373- 
 389.] London, 1758. 
 
 MANUSCRIPTS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN 
 ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 
 
 Pepperrell, Sir William, 1745, Journal and notes made in an 
 
 expedition; March, ; August, against Louisburg, i Vol.; i745> 
 
 Letter to Col. Robert Hale ; June 2, ; July 26, Letter to Col. 
 
 Robert Hale ; Aug. 15, Letter to Col. Robert Hale; 1745, "Rules of 
 Discipline to be observed by troops at Louisburg; 1745, Three miscel- 
 laneous manuscripts of Pepperrell relating to the campaign ; 1745. 
 Hale, Robert; Four letters to Hale as to details or while in the 
 
120 Maine at Lonisburg in l'/43 
 
 campaign ; 1745, Curwen, Samuel, Warrant to Curwen for raising 
 troops, Commission to Curwen, two letters of Curwen; 1744-5, 
 Willard, Josiah ; Letter to Edward Tj^ng as to drafting men for liis 
 
 fleet ; 1745, Letter to Sir William Pepperrell ; May 22 . (No lists 
 
 of troops.) 
 
 WORKS IN THE vSTATE LIBRARY OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Bent, S. A. Why was Louisburg Twice Besieged? Address. 
 (Society of Colonial Wars. Massachusetts. Proceedings, 1895.) 
 
 Bradstreet, D. Diary During the Siege of Louisburg, April, 1745 — 
 Jan. 1746. With notes and an introduction by S. A. Green. Camb., 
 1897. 8°. 32p. 
 
 DeLaucey, E. F. New York and Admiral Sir Peter Warren at the 
 Capture of Louisbourg, 1745. Address at the inauguration of the 
 monument at Louisburg, 150th anniversary by the Society of Colonial 
 Wars, 1895. n. p., [1895]. 8°- I7, (i) P- 
 
 Drake, S. A. The Taking of Louisburg, 1745. Boston, 1891 [1890]. 
 16°. i36p. (Decisive events in American history.) 
 
 Edwards, J. P. Louisbourg: an Historical Sketch. Read before 
 the Society, 27th Nov. 1894. (Novia Scotia Hist. Soc. Coll., v. 9. 1895.) 
 
 Gordon, — ^Journal of the siege of Louisbourg, 1758. (Nova Scotia 
 Hist. Soc. Coll., V. 5.) 
 
 Hoyt, S. R. J. Fall of Louisburg. (Society of Colonial Wars. 
 State of loiua. Addresses, ist series. 1900.) 
 
 Johnson, L- D. A Boston Merchant of 1745 ; or. Incidents in the 
 Life of James Gibson, with a Journal of [the siege of Louisburg. Anon.l 
 Boston, 1847. 16°. io2p. 
 
 Knap, N. Diary at the Second Siege of Louisburg, 1758. (Society 
 Colonial Wars. MassacMisetts. Proceedings. 1895.) 
 
 Louisbourg in 1745, the anonymous Lettre d'un habitant de 
 Louisbourg, containing a narrative by an eye-witness of the siege in 
 1745. Ed with an English translation by G. M. Wrong. Toronto, 1897. 
 1.8°. 74p. (University of Toronto. Studies. History and economics, 
 v. I, no. I.) 
 
Maine at Louisbtirg in 7/^5 
 
 121 
 
 Macdonald, C. O. The Last Siege of Louisburg. London, [1907]. 
 12". xvi, 175 p. 
 
 Morrison, W. K. New Hampshire Men at Louisburg and Bunker 
 HilL (Manchester Hist. Assoc. ColL, v. i. 1896-99.) 
 
 New Hampshire. Special Commissioner to the Celebration at 
 Louisburg. Roll of New Hampshire Men at Louisburg, 1745. Concord, 
 1896. 1.8°. 63p. 
 
 Prince, T. Extraordinary events the doings of God. Illustrated 
 in a. sermon, Boston, on the general thanksgiving, July 18, 1745. 5th 
 ed. Boston, reprinted, London, 1746. 12°. 32p. 
 
 Shirley, W. Letter to the Duke of Newcastle : with a journal of 
 the Siege of Louisbourg. London, 1746. 8°. 32p. (Pm. v. 219, no. i.) 
 
 Society of Colonial Wars. Report of the committee on Louisbourg . 
 memorial. N. Y., 1896. 8°. Ixip. Facsimile and illus. 
 
 Sydney (C. B.) Advocate. The Louisbourg Monument, June 1895. 
 A souvenir number. [Sydney, 1895.] 4°. (30) p. Maps, portraits and 
 illus. 
 
 Walker, G. L. The Capture of Louisbourg. (Society of Colonial 
 Wars in the State of Connecticut. Papers and addresses, v. i. [1903.] 
 
 Wheeler, E. P. The Louisbourg Expedition of 1745. Address 
 delivered upon the King's Bastion of Louisbourg, 150th anniversary of 
 the Surrender of the Fortress, June 17, 1745. Philadelphia, 189s 
 8°. i8p. ^^ 
 
 COPIES OF DOCUMENTS IN THE DOMINION ARCHIVES AT 
 
 OTTAWA, CANADA 
 
 [By A. W. Doughty, Dominion Archivist.] 
 
 1745, April 6.— Shirley to House of Representatives— refers to his 
 expedition against Cape Breton. 
 
 1745, June 16.—" Ratification of the Terms of Capitulation made & 
 Concluded on for the Surrender of Louisbourg, and Territories adjacent 
 to the obedience of his Brittanic Majestv June 16, 1745. o. s. " (June 
 
 27, U.S.) 
 
 " A Registery of the Commissions in the army under the Command 
 of the Honble. Wm. Pepperell Esqr. for an Expedition against the 
 french Settlement on Cape Breton." 
 
122 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 " General Officers, — William Pepperell Esqr. Lieutenant General 
 and Commander in Chief of all the Forces by Sea and Land in said 
 Expedition, and dated 31st January 1745. From Govr. Shirley and 
 Govr. Law & Govr. Wentworth." 
 
 " Roger Wolcott Fsqr., Major General, from Shirley dated 7th 
 
 March, 1745." 
 
 " Samuel Waldo, Esqr., Brigadier General from Govr. Shirley, 
 
 dated 7th March, 1745." 
 
 "Joseph Dwight, Esqr., Brigadier General, from Govr. Shirley, 
 
 dated Feb. 20th, 1745." 
 
 The names of the oflBcers of each regiment are given in these lists. 
 
 1745, May 7, o. s. The Camp before Louisbourg — Summons sent in 
 to the commanding officer in Louisbourg, signed by W. Pepperell and 
 P. Warren. 
 
 1745, May 18, n. s. Answer to the foregoing summons. Duchambon, 
 the French commanding officer, refuses to listen to a proposal for the 
 surrender of the fort until after the most vigorous attack. 
 
 1745, June 26, n. s. First letter of Duchambon to Pepperell and 
 Warren for proposals of surrender. 
 
 1745, June 15, o. s. (or 26 n. s.) — Answer to the foregoing letter by 
 Pepperell and Warren. 
 
 i745> June 27 — Second letter from Duchambon to the same — He 
 sends them Articles of Capitulation. 
 
 1745, June 16, o. s. (27 n. s.) — Answer from Pepperell and "Warren 
 to Duchambon. They refuse to accept his Articles of Capitulation, and 
 send him their own. 
 
 1745, June 27, n. s. — Third letter from Duchambon to Pepperell and 
 Warren relative to surrender. 
 
 1745, June 16, o. s. (27 n. s.) — Answer to the foregoing by 
 Pepperrell and Warren. 
 
 1745) June 18, o. s. (29 n. s.) — Letter from Warren to Newcastle in 
 which he says: "General Pepperell and I have acquainted your 
 grace by a joynt letter, that we are now in quiet possession of the Town, 
 Fortresses, and Territorys of Louisbourg, upon the Island of Cape 
 Britoon, which has been surrendered to us by capitulation, the articles 
 of which, will be transmitted to your grace, with the said joynt letter." 
 
Maine at Louis burg in I'J45 123 
 
 This joint letter was not found in the Colonial Office Records, 
 I^ondon, when the transcripts for the Dominion Archives were made, 
 and we have no copy of it. By Newcastle's letter of August loth (o. s. ) 
 to Pepperell, this joint letter is dated the i8th June (o. s.)- 
 
 1745, June 19, o. s. (30 n. s.) — I^etter from Pepperell to Newcastle in 
 which he recommends that a garrison should be left at Louisbourg. 
 
 1745. June 28, o. s. (.July 9, u. s.)— Letter from Pepperell to 
 Newcastle giving an account of the siege of Louisbourg, and enclosing 
 returns " of what Troops were raised in each of his Majesty's Govern- 
 ment in New England which were aidiag in this Expedition." 
 
 (Copies of thirteen returns.) 
 
 1745, August 10, o. s.— Letter from Newcastle to Pepperell 
 acknowledging receipt of his letters of June 18 and 28, and expressing 
 his satisfaction with the " agreeable news of the reduction of the Fort 
 & Town of Louisbourg, and of the Territory thereto belonging, to His 
 Majesty's obedience." 
 
 There are in the Archives two volumes of Admiralty Logs of the 
 British Fleet at the Siege of Louisbourg for the year 1745. The 
 contents of volume M 641 are as follows : 
 
 Lark — (Captain's log 547) 1745, June i to July 4. 
 
 Superb — (Captain's log 933) 1745, April 16 to June 23. 
 
 Superb — (Master's log 722) 1745, June 24 to July 8, & Aug 17 to 
 Oct. 8. 
 
 Sunderland — (Captain's log 944) 1745, June i to October 8. 
 
 Canterbuiy — (Captain's log 161) 1745, June 13 to October 8. 
 
 Lanceston — (Captain's log 562) 1745, April 16 to July 4. 
 
 The contents of volume M 642 are : 
 
 Princess Mary — (Captain's log 739) 1745, May 22 to October 8. 
 
 Eltham — (Master's log 393) 1745, April 23 to July 5. 
 
 Chester — (Captain's log 195) 1745, June 9 to July 5, & Sept, 23 
 to Oct. 9. 
 
 Hector — (Master's log 412) 1745, May 24 to June 30, & August 
 15 to 17. 
 
 Vigilant — (Master's log 737) 1745, May 23 to November 12. 
 
 Mermaid — (Captain's log 4260) 1745, April 15 to August 30. 
 
124 Maine at Louisbiirg in I'J4S 
 
 We have also a copy of the Journal of Reverend Stephen Williams, 
 lyonisbourg, 1745-1749. 
 
 Volume 83 of " Correspoudence G^n^rale, Canada" for the year 
 1745, in the despatches of Beauharnois and Hocquart to the Minister, 
 contains references to the taking of Louisbourg by Pepperell and 
 Warren, but has no account of the Siege. 
 
 In volume 27 of "Correspondence Gen6rale, Isle Royale " for 
 1745-48, there is a letter from Duchambon, lieutenant du roi, written 
 from " L,a Rade de Belisle le 13 aoust 1745 " to the Minister in which he 
 says: " le vingt sept Juin dernier je fus oblige de rendre aux Anglois 
 Louisbourg avec ses dependances apres avoir soutenu le si^gependant 
 
 quarante sept jours le nombre des ennemis 
 
 etoit trop sup^rieur au notre, ils etoient environ treize mil tant par mer 
 que par terre et je n'avois que douze a treize cens hommes tant bons que 
 mauvais au commencement du siege qui ont et^ r^quits a onze cens." 
 
 In the same letter he says "comme vous le verrez par la decision 
 des conseils de guerre que j'ai tenu avant la reddition de cette place." 
 We have no copies of the councils of war in the Archives, nor of the 
 long account of the siege written at Rochefort by Duchambon to the 
 Minister dated September 2, 1745. This letter is published in the 
 "Collection de documents relatifs a la Nouvelle-France " vol. Ill, p. 
 237, also in Parkman's "A Half-Century of Conflict," vol. II, p. 287, 
 Champlain edition. The original documents are in the " Ministere de 
 la Guerre" in Paris. The documents relating to Canada, Acadie, Isle 
 Royale, Plaisance, etc. in the "Ministere de la Guerre " have not yet 
 been transcribed for the Archives Branch. 
 
 In volume 27 of " Correspondence G6n6rale Isle Royale," there is a 
 short letter from Duchambon to the Minister dated at Rochefort, Sept. 
 18, 1745, in which he speaks of his letter of the 2d of the same month. 
 This volume also contains a letter of Verrier, " ing^nieur al'Isle- 
 Roj'ale," dated at LaRochelle, August 22, 1745, to the Minister; and 
 a letter from Boucher, " sous-ingenieur a I'lle Royale," dated at 
 Rochefort, August 28, 1745, to the Minister. 
 
 The Archives also have two "M6moires," unsigned, written in 
 1745, both relating to Louisbourg, and an " Extrait d'une lettre de 
 Ivondres du 6 avril 1745 " relating to the expedition of that date. 
 
Maine at Louisburg in I J 45 125 
 
 In Vol. F. 159 there is a memoire, dated Rochefort, November 6, 
 1745, by Prevost ; and a list of the guns, mortars and small arms found 
 in Louisbourg in 1745. 
 
 In the Summary of Documents in Paris published in the "Report 
 concerning Canadian Archives for the year 1905," Vol. i, part VI, p. 
 495, there is an account of the " Order of Battle of the English 
 Squadron in the Port of lyouisbourg " in 1745, and other references to 
 the attack. 
 
 MATERIAIv IN THE FRENCH ARCHIVES REIyATlNG TO THE 
 SIEGE OF LOUISBURG OF 1745. 
 
 [By W. G. Leland, Carnegie Institution, Washington, D. C] 
 
 Most of the material in the French Archives on the siege of 
 Louisbourg in 1745, and without doubt nearly all the most important 
 material, is to be found in the archives of the Ministry of the Colonies, 
 in some seven or eight volumes and cartons. Complete list of the 
 documents in these volumes have been printed in the Annual Reports 
 of the Canadian Archives for 1887 and 1905 and can readily be con- 
 sulted. A great many of the documents have been copied in full and 
 the transcripts are to be found in three collections : — the Parkman 
 papers in the Massachusetts Historical Society, the so-called " Poore 
 Transcripts" in the archives at the State-House in Boston (printed in 
 the collection having the title "Collection de Manuscripts contenant 
 lettres. . . relatives a la Nouvelle France," 4 Vols., Quebec, 1883- 
 1885-especially Volume II), and the regular series of transcripts from 
 the French Archives being made for the Dominion Archives at 
 Ottawa. 
 
 Archives du Ministere des Colonies. 
 Series B. Depeches. Vols. 81, 82. 
 
 These two volumes contain the instructions and other despatches 
 sent from the home government to the officials in the colonies. 
 
 See list of contents in Canadian Archives Report, 1905, Vol. I, pt. 
 VI, pp. 39-68. 
 
126 Maine at Loiiisburg in 1^/4^ i 
 
 Series C ". Correspondance G^n^rale, Canada, Vols. 83, 84. 
 
 These two volumes contain letters from the governor and other ■ 
 
 officers at Quebec to the home government. Not many of these letters ^ 
 
 relate to lyouisbourg, however. 
 
 See list of contents in Canadian Archives Report, 1887, pp. clvi — . 
 Complete copies of volumes are in the Dominion Archives numbered 
 F5jand F 84. 
 
 Series C. " Correspondance G^nerale, Isle Royale, Vol. 27. 
 
 This volume contains the letters and reports from the officers at 
 Louisbourg, material which is of course of first importance. 
 
 See list of contents in Canadian Archives Report, 1887, pp. 
 cccxliii — . 
 
 Complete copy in Dominion Archives, numbered F i^g. 
 
 Series F.^ Collection Moreau St. M^ry, Vol. 50, "Isle Royale, 
 1686-1766." 
 
 This volume contains many important letters, despatches, reports 
 and other documents. See list in Can. Arch. Rept. 1905, I, pt. VI, pp. 
 482-502. 
 
 Depot des Fortifications des Colonies. Cartons No. 3, 4. 
 
 These cartons contain a number of memoirs, letters, reports, and 
 maps of interest. 
 
 See list in Canadian Archives Report, 1905, I, pt. IV, pp. 10-19. 
 
 The transcripts in the Dominion Archives are noted above. The 
 transcripts among the Parkman and the Poore papers were drawn from 
 the whole body of originals. In the Parkman Collection the following 
 volumes contain the Louisbourg documents. 
 
 Nouvelle France, Vol. II. 
 
 " Papers relating to I,ouisbourg, 1745," — a portfolio. 
 
 Ivettre d'un habitant de lyouisbourg, 1745. 
 
INDEX TO LISTS OF OFFICERS 
 
 AND MEN 
 
INDEX 
 
 Abbot, Nath., 78 
 
 Abbott, James, 61, 83 
 
 Abbott, Richard, 73, 79 
 
 Adams, Corp., Jonathan, (John) 
 
 Wells, 59, 62, 68, 75 
 Adams, Joshua, Wells, (Admans)59, 
 
 62, 68, 75, 76, 84 
 Adams, Ensign Thomas, 64, (on p. 
 
 69, Joseph Adams) 
 Aesdell, AUezon, (Probably same 
 
 as Elizer L,eardon, 70) 84. 
 Agustus, Ebenezer, 70 
 Akim, Morris, (Aken) 73, 79 
 Allen, John, 70, 77 
 Allen, lyawrence, 60 
 Allen, Samuel, Kittery, Berwick, 
 
 60, 74, 81 
 Allen, Thomas, Kittery, 61, 68, 
 
 81,82 
 Allen, Tobias, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Allen, William, L,ieut.,65, 68, 71, 76, 
 
 81, 83 
 
 Allen, , 87 
 
 Alton, Joseph, 73 
 Amey, John, Kittery, 76, 81 
 Amey, James, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Anderson, John, Falmouth, 70, 74, 
 
 76,85 
 Andrews, Ephraim, Scarboro, 88 
 Andrews, William, 72, 78, 86 
 Annable, Robert, (dead) 78 
 Arckle, James, 69 
 Arckle, Thomas, (Arcules) 6r, 69 
 Aton, Joseph, 79 
 
 Atwood, Samuel, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 Averill, Stephen, Arundel, 60 
 
 Ayer, John, Falmouth, (Ayres) 60, 
 
 68, 70, 74, 76, 85 
 Ayres, John, drummer, Kittery, 61, 
 
 76, 81, 83 
 
 Bagshaw, John, Wells, (Bagsher) 
 
 59, 62, 69, 75, 76, 84 
 Bailey, James, Lieut., (Baily)65, 71 
 Bailey, Nathaniel, Wells, 60 
 Bairman, John, 69 
 Bairman, Thomas, 69 
 Baker, Samuel, 72, 78 
 Banker, John, 68 
 Banks, Corp., EHas, 78 
 Bare, David, York, Drake's Hist. 
 
 of the French and Indian Wars. 
 Barlow, Nathan, 73, 79 
 Barnol, Benjamin, 72 
 Barton, Joseph, 78 
 Barton, Penuiel, 85 
 Barton, Shubal, 78 
 Baton, Percival, 74, Falmouth, 
 
 same as Percival Barton, also 
 
 Burton. 
 Bell, John, Lieut., 65 
 Bennett, Robert, Kittery, 81 
 
 Bernard, , (Warren) 87 
 
 Berry, Capt. George, 88 
 
 Bickford, John, 78 
 
 Bicknor, Sam., 76 
 
 Billings, Samuel, Kittery, 61,69,81 
 
 Black, George, Kittery, 68, 81 
 
 Black, Samuel, 2d Lieut., 66 
 
 Blake, Martin, Kittery, 81 
 
 Bond, Robinson, (Rollesin, Rol- 
 
 ondson, Rolenson) Arundel, 60, 
 
 70, 75. 77, 84, 85 
 
130 
 
 Maine at Louishurg in 1^45 
 
 Boothby, Jonathan, Kittery, 82 
 Borcilwater, James, 73 
 Boston, Gershom, Wells, 60, 62 
 Boston, Joseph, Wells, 59, 61, 62 
 Boston, Shebuleth, Wells, 62 
 Boston, Shubael, Wells, 61 
 Boston, Thomas, Wells, 62 
 Bowles, Daniel, 80 
 Bowles, Samuel, 73 
 Brackett, Joshua, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 Brackett, Thomas, 74, 85 
 Brackly, John, 73, 80 
 Bradford, Samuel, 72, 79 
 Bradstreet, Dudley, 2d Lieut., 65 
 Bragdon, Elijah, Scarboro, 88 
 Bragdon, Solomon, Lieut., 65, 71 
 Bridge, John, Ensign, 64, 70 
 Brooks, Joshua, 61 
 Brown, Ebenezer, 73, 79 
 Brown, Isaac, 86 
 Brown, John, Sergt., Kittery, 
 
 (Brawn) 72, 76, 81 
 Brown, Joseph, Sergt. 78 
 Brown, Jonathan, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Brown, Peter, 72, 78 
 Brown, William, 73, 80 
 Bryan, John, 73, 79 
 Bryan, Moses, (Morris) Kittery, 
 
 68,81, 83 
 Buckner, Sergt., Samuel, 70 
 Bulman, Dr., Alexander, York, 62 
 Burbank, Asa, Arundel, 60, 75, 85 
 Burbank, John, Lieut., Arundel, 
 
 61, 63, 70, 75, 77, 84 
 Burbank, Timothy, Wells, 60, 75 
 Burgess, Ebenezer, (Burgis) 73, 80 
 Burks, John, Wells, 59, 62 
 Burns, Joseph, Pemaquid, 87 
 Buswell, Isaac, drummer. Wells, 
 
 59, 62, 84 
 Butler, Moses, Capt., Berwick, 60, 
 
 63, 69, 74, 83 
 Butler, John, Lieut., 63, 86 T 
 
 Butler, Corp.- 
 
 -,60 
 
 Butterfield, Benjamin, Ensign, 65 
 Byron, George, 74, 80 
 
 Cain, John, 69 
 
 Cain, Jacob, 72, 78 
 
 Callis, Thomas, Lieut., 64 
 
 Callum, John, 78 
 
 Canaway, John, Wells, 60, 62 
 
 Card, John, ist Lieut., Capt., 66, 
 
 78, 81 
 Cargill, John, Ensign, 65, 71 
 Carr, Eliphalet, 75, 85 
 Carr, John, Arundel, 60, 70, 75, 77, 
 
 84,85 
 Carter, Edward, Ens., 2d Lieut., 
 
 66, 73, 80 
 Carter, John, Kittery, 61, 69, 81 
 Carter, Richard, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Carter, Richard, Scarboro, 88 
 Cary, George, 73 
 Casan, Trabed, 74 
 Casey, George, 80 
 Castle, Melachi, 78 
 Catten, Daniel (David), (Caton) 61,. 
 
 69, 81 
 Cavil, Jesse, 79 
 Cesser, Lakely, 74 
 Chadbourne, Samuel, 61 
 Chadburn, William, (Chadbourne) 
 
 Berwick, 60, 61, 74 
 Chamberlain, Lt., Clement, 65, 71 
 Chambers, John, 78 
 Champlin, Ens., Jeffrey, 68 
 Chase, David, 79 
 Chilcut, John, 79 
 Chilent, James, 72 
 Cidin, Samuel, 72 
 Clark, David, 72 
 Clark, Edward, Ensign, 65, 71 
 Clark, John, Berwick, (Clerk) 60,. 
 
 83,84 
 Clark, John, Falmouth, 69, 74, 
 
 77,85 
 
Index 
 
 131 
 
 Clark, Jr., John, Falmouth, 74 
 
 Clark, Jos., Capt., 65 
 
 Clark, Joseph, 70 
 
 Clark, Josiah, 61 
 
 Clark, Lemuel, (Elimuel) Wells, 
 
 59, 62, 68, 75, 76, 84 
 Clark, Samuel, Falmouth, 71, 74, 
 
 75, 76,85 
 Clark, Stephen, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 Clement, John, 61 
 Clifford, Jacob, Falmouth, 70, 74, 
 
 85 
 Clough, Jonathan, 78 
 Clough, Joseph, 72, 78 
 Clough, Samuel, Kittery, (Cluff) 
 
 61, 69, 81 
 Colbetson, Robert, 72, 79 
 Cole, Joseph, (Coole) Arundel, 60, 
 
 75. 83, 84 
 Conneway, John, 78 
 Connor, John, Berwick, 60, 61 
 Conover, William, 72 
 Cook, Shubel, 70 
 Corey, Jonathan, 73, 79 
 Corsen, Ichabod, (Capt. Peter 
 
 Staples' Co.) 61 
 Corson, Ichabod, Berwick, Capt. 
 
 Moses Butler's Co.) 60 
 Cousens, Benjamin, (Col. John 
 
 Storer's Co.), Wells, 60 
 Cousens, Benjamin, (Capt. Thomas 
 
 Perkins' Co.) 60 
 Cousins, Sergt., Ichabod, Wells, 
 
 59, 62 
 Covit, Jesse, 73 
 Cowdry, Samuel, 72, 79 
 Crediford, John, Wells, (Cradiford, 
 
 Credison, Crafford, Codeford) 
 
 59, 62, 69, 75, 76, 84 
 Crediford, Joseph, Wells, (Cradi- 
 ford) 59, 62, 75 
 Cressons, Ichabod, 75 
 Crocker, George, Kittery, 81 
 
 Crook, Shubal, 77 
 
 Crosby, Abel, 70, 85 
 
 Crosby, Abiah, 76 
 
 Crosby, Josiah, L/ieut., 64, 71 
 
 Crosby, Pierce, 73, 79 
 
 Crosby, Adj't William, 64 
 
 Crowell, Aaron, 78 
 
 Cubb, Robert, 70 
 
 Culbert, A., 70 
 
 Culbort, Ron't [Robert] 77 
 
 Cummings, William, 78 
 
 Cunningham, Owen, 73, 80 
 
 Currash, William, 69 
 
 Currier, John, 74 
 
 Curtis, Benjamin, Wells, (CortiSy 
 
 59,68, 75,76,81,84 
 Curtis, Benjamin V., Wells, 59, 62, 
 
 81 
 Curtis, Joseph, Wells, 59, 62, 81 
 Curtis, William, Wells, (Cortis) 59, 
 
 62, 68, 75, 76, 81, 84 
 Curwen, Wm., 79 
 Cutt, Richard, Capt., Major, Kittery, 
 
 61, 63, 69, 76, 81 
 Cutter, Ammi, Ruammah, Capt.> 
 
 66, 73, 80 
 
 Dam, Jonathan, Kittery, 82 
 Dam, Simeon, Kittery, 61, 81 
 Danforth, Enoch, Arundell, 60 
 Danforth, Isaac, Wells, (Danford) 
 
 59, 62, 68, 75, 76, 84 
 Daniels, Wm., (7th Co.) 73 
 Daniels, William, (8th Co.) 73, 78, 
 
 79, 80 
 Darling, Daniel, 78 
 Darman, Jesse, 85 
 Davis, Sergt., Enoch, Wells, Sergt. 
 
 (died at Louisburg) 59, 62, 68, 75, 
 
 76, 84 
 Davis, John, Berwick, 60, 74. 
 
 Volunteered to attack the Island 
 
 Battery. 
 
132 Maine at Louisburg in I'/ 4.^ 
 
 Davis, William, Kittery, 73, 78, 79, Dunham, Ichabod, Wells, 59, 62, 
 
 82 69, 75 
 Davison, James, (Davidson) 72, 78 Durant, Ebenezer, 73, 79 
 
 Deane, John, Wells, (Dean, Deen, Dyke, Rahio, (Robin) 73, 79 
 
 Deene) 59, 62, 68, 75, 76, 84 
 
 Deering, Bray, Lieut., (Dearing) Easterbrooks, Benj., Lieut., 65 
 
 Kittery Pt., 61, 63, 69, 81 Ebbon, James, (Ebborn) 72, 78 
 
 Delaney, John, 73,80 Edwards, Abraham, Ensign, Cap- 
 
 Demoresque, Capt., Philip, 71 tain, 65, 71 
 
 Deshon, James, Arundel, 60 Eldred, Samuel, Lieut., 68 
 
 Devotion, Philip, Wells, 59, 62, 75 Eldridge, John, Wells, 59, 62 
 
 Dixon, Robert, Kittery, 82 Ellis, Edward, Major, 66 
 
 Dixon, Thomas, Kittery, 82. Dix- Ellis, Samuel, 72 
 
 son volunteered to attack the Ellis, Simon, 79 
 
 Island Battery. Elthrop, John, (Elethrap) 72, 78 
 
 Dodson, Sergt., Jonathan, (Dotson,) Emerson, Corp., Jonathan, 70 
 
 61, 78 Emerson, Corp., Joseph, Falmouth, 
 
 Dolley, Richard, Kittery, 68, 81, 83 85 
 
 Dollinson, Robert, 79 Emery, Simon, Kittery, 68, 76, 81, 
 
 Donhew, Ichabod, 84 83 
 
 Donnell, James, Ensign, (Donnel) Ennell, Aaron, 72 
 
 66 Erwin, John, 78 
 
 Donnell, Capt. Nathaniel, York, Evans, Edward, Wells, (Evens) 
 
 Lieut. Col., 61, 66, 72 59, 62, 68, 75, 76, 84 
 
 Dorman, Jesse, Arundel, 60, 75, 77, Evans, Thomas, 73, 79 
 
 84. He was a Lieut, in Preble's Everleth, William, 86 
 
 regiment at Lake George in 1758. 
 
 He was a Captain in Col. James Fairbanks, Joseph, Ensign, 66, 73, 
 
 Scammons' Regiment of Foot 80, 86 
 
 in 1775. Fairfield, Jabies, 69 
 
 Dothinson, Robert, 72 Fairfield, Lieut., John, Wells, 59, 
 
 Dotson, Sergeant, 61 62, 63, 68, 75 
 
 Dowdell, George, 73, 80 Fairfield, Nathaniel, 60 
 
 Downing, Davis, Kittery, 69, 81 Fanton, Thomas, 72 
 
 Downing, Dennis, 61 Farman, Caleb, (Farnum) 73, 79 
 
 Downing, John, 73, 79 Farn, Isaac, 86 
 
 Downing, Packfry, 78 Farn, James, (John) 72, 78 
 
 Downing, Tho., 78 Farn, Ebadiah, (Obadiah) 72, 78, 
 
 Dowty, David, Daniel, Falmouth, 86 
 
 (Douty) , 70, 74, 85 Farrington, Sergt., Theo., (Far- 
 Due, Robert, 68, 83 ington) 78, 86 
 Dumaresque, Philip, Capt., 64 Farrington, Sergt., Thomas, 72 
 
Index 133 
 
 Far-well, Cato, Kittery, (Farewell, French, William, 73, 79 
 
 Fairwell) 68, 76, 81, 83 Frost, Andrew P., Brevet Lieut., 
 
 Fay, Joseph, Kittery, 81 Kittery, 82, 85 
 
 Felt, Nath., 78 Frost, Charles, 2d Secretary, 
 
 Fernald, John, Capt., 82 Kittery, 82 
 
 Fernald, Moses, Kittery, (Furnald, Frost, John, Kittery, 80, 82 
 
 Firnald) 61, 69, 81 Frost, Stephen, 74 
 
 Fernand, Thomas, Kittery, (Fer- Frothingham, Joseph, 73, 80 
 
 nald) 69, 81 Fry, James, Capt., 65 
 
 Fenix, Richard, Kittery, (Phenix, Fry, John, Kittery, ist Lieut., 65, 
 
 Finnix, Finix) 69, 81 82 
 
 Fennix, Benjamin, Kittery, (Fin- Fuller, Daniel, 78, 86 
 
 nix) 69, 81 Fuller, John, 72 
 
 Fenton, Tho., 79 Furber, Richard, Kittery, 82 
 
 Fickett, Samuel, Scarboro, (Figget, Furbish, John, Kittery, 61, 81 
 
 Fickett, Figuit) 88 Furbish, William, Kittery, 61, 81 
 Field, Lieut., Daniel, 88 
 
 Fitts, John, 73, 80, 86 Garney, John, 68 
 
 Figget, John, 86 Gary, John, York (Gerry, Garey, 
 
 Fitzgerald, Richard, Kittery, 82 Gairy) 70, 76, 77, 83, 84 
 
 Flag, Capt., Daniel, 71 Gastin, Ebenezer, (Gustin) Fal- 
 
 Fletcher, Joseph, 73, 80 mouth, 74, 85 
 
 Fletcher, Pendleton, Corp., 59, 62 George, Josiah, 61 
 
 Flynn, Nathaniel, (Flinn) 70,77 Getchell, Samuel, Berwick, (Getch- 
 
 Fogg, Daniel, Capt., 64 el, Gitchell) 60, 61, 74 
 
 Fogg, Seth, Scarboro, 87 Gerrish, George, Lieut., 64, 70, 76 
 
 Foss, Thomas, Scarboro, 88 Gerrish, James, (Garish, Gairish) 
 
 Foss, Walter, Scarboro, 88 Berwick, 60, 61, 70, 77, 83, 84 
 
 Foster, Benjamin, in Company Gerrish, Joseph, Ensign, 66, 72, 78 
 
 from Scarboro. Louisburg sur- Gerrish, Richard, 74 
 
 rendered on Mr, Foster's nine- Gibson ,James,(Gebson)68, 75, 76, 84 
 
 teenth birthday. He was after- Gilkey, James, Falmouth, (Gikey) 
 
 ward Col. Benjamin Foster, and 70, 74. 76, 85 
 
 was one of the leaders of the band Gilman, Edward, 85 
 
 of patriots that captured the Gilpatrick, James, Wells, 60, 62, 75 
 
 British armed cutter Margaretta, Gilpatrick, James, Jr., 75 
 
 in Machias Bay, June 12, 1775 Gitchell, John, 74 
 
 Foster, Joseph, 85 Gleason, Sergt., David, 72 
 
 Fowle, John, Falmouth, 73, 80, 85 Glover, Sergt., David, 78 
 
 Fowle, Joshua, 74 Goldthwait, Benj., Capt., 64, 71 
 
 Francis, Lewis, 73, 79 Goldthwaith, Adjt., Joseph, 64, 71 
 
 Frank, Thomas, Ensign, 71 Gooding, James, 68, 76 
 
 French, Thomas, Ensign, 65 Gooding, Nathaniel, 70 
 
134 
 
 Maine at Louisburg in 1743 
 
 Gooding, Samuel, (Goodings) 77 
 Goodwin, Adam, Berwick, 60, 74 
 Goodwin, James, Kittcry, 61, 68, 81, 
 
 83 
 
 Goodwin, John, 74 
 
 Goodwin, Joseph, 74 
 
 Goodwin, Nathan, Berwick, 
 (Gooden) 60, 69, 74, 83, 84 
 
 Gorman, Armorer, John, 64, 71 
 
 Gould, Jeremiah, 73, 79 
 
 Gould, John, 73, 79 
 
 Gould, Moses, Falmouth, 70, 85 
 
 Gowell, George, 2d Lieut., Kittery, 
 64, 68, 80 
 
 Gowell, Parker, Kittery, 61, 81 
 
 Grace, Nicholas, Kittery, 82 
 
 Graffum, Jacob, Falmouth, (Graf- 
 fam) 74, 85 
 
 Grant, Alexander, 74 
 
 Grant, Daniel, 78 
 
 Grant, Lieut., Dexter, 69 
 
 Grant, Elias, Berwick, 60, 61, 74 
 
 Grant, James, Capt., 66, 72,78,81, 
 86 
 
 Grant, Lieut., Peter, Berwick, 60, 
 64, 83 
 
 Grant, Samuel, Berwick, 60, 61, 69, 
 77, 83, 84 
 
 Grant, Samuel, (possibly same as 
 on 69) 70, 74 
 
 Grant, William, 74 
 
 Graves, Samuel, Falmouth, (son of 
 John) 74,85 
 
 Gregg, , 87 
 
 Green, Andrew, Kittery, 61, 81 
 
 Green, Samuel, Kittery, 82. Vol- 
 unteered to attack Island Battery 
 
 Greenleaf, Joseph, Kittery, 68, 80, 
 82 
 
 Greenough, John, Ensign, 64 
 
 Greenough, Samuel, Lieut., (Kit- 
 tery) 82 
 
 Griffis, David, 78 
 Griflis, Richard, 73, 79 
 Grossee, Sam, 79 
 
 Gunnison, David, Ensign, Lieut., 
 Kittery (Gunnerson) 64, 69,76,80 
 
 Haines, Timothy, Scarboro, 88 
 
 Hale, Daniel, Capt., 64, 71 
 
 Halford, William, 72 
 
 Hall, Ebenezer, 85 
 
 Hames, John, 85, 
 
 Hammond, Edward, Kittery, 61, 
 68, 81, 83 
 
 Hamor, John, Arundel, 60 
 
 Hauscom, Henry, Kittery, 81 
 
 Hanscom, Uriah, Kittery (Hanson) 
 61, 68, 82 
 
 Hanscom, Zimrie, Kittery, (Zim- 
 eriah, Zimariah, Simery, Huns- 
 come, Hanscon, Hanson) 61, 68, 
 76, 81, 82 
 
 Harding, Stephen, Arundel, 60, 75, 
 84 
 
 Hardy, Amos, Wells, 60 
 
 Hardy, Thomas, Ensign, ist Lieu- 
 tenant, 61, 64, 70 
 
 Harman, Benj., Lieut., (Harmon) 
 63, 69 
 
 Harman, Capt., John (Harmon) 
 York, 63, 69, 83, 84 
 
 Harrington, Caleb, 73, 80 
 
 Harris, Amos, 60 
 
 Harrison, Lieut. Charles, 65, 71 
 
 Hart, Elias, 74 
 
 Hartshorn, Jonathan, Lieut., 66, 73 
 
 Hastings, Enoch, 69 
 
 Hatch, Sergt., Benj., Wells, 60, 62 
 
 Hatch, Estes, Capt., 66, 73, 80 
 
 Hays, James, York, 83 
 
 Hay ward, Ephraim, Capt., 65 
 
 Hearne, Nicholas, Scarborough, 
 Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., VoL 3, p. 
 212 
 
Index 135 
 
 Hearsey, John, Ensign (Hersey) Hunt, Samuel, 70 
 
 66, 73 Hunt, William, Major, 64 
 Henderson, Nathaniel 72, 79 Huston, John, Wells, 59, 62, 65, 75 
 Henry, Ezekiel, 86 Huston, Joseph, 75, 
 Hicks, Nathatfiel, Kittery, 61, 81 Hutchins, Caleb, Kittery, (Hutch- 
 Hide, Michael, (Vide) 72, 78 ens) 69, 81 
 
 Hilborn, Corp., William, 72, 78 Hutchings, David, Arundel, 60, 81 
 
 Hill, Tho., 86 Hutchins, Enoch, 61 
 
 Hodgskins, Moses, Falmouth, Hutchins, Levi, Arundel, 60, 81 
 
 (Hodgkins, Hodkins, Hodskins) Hutchins, Samuel, Arundel, 60, 81 
 
 70, 74, 76, 85 
 
 Hodgkins, Sergt., Philip, Fal- Ilsley, Isaac, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 
 mouth (Hodgskins, Hodskins) Ilsley, Joshua, Sergt., Ensign, Fal- 
 
 70, 74, 76, 85 mouth, (Insley) 64, 70, 85 
 
 Hodgskins, Samuel (Hodgskins, Isley, Thomas, 76 
 
 Hodskins), 70, 74, 76, 85 Ingersoll, Nathaniel, Falmouth 
 
 Holbrook, Elisha, Kittery, 69, 81 (Nathan) 70, 74, 85 
 
 Holeman, Hugh, York, 83 Irish, John, Falmouth, (Uncle of 
 
 Holford, Wm., 78 Gen. James Irish) 74, 85, 
 Holland, James, 73, 80, 86 
 
 Holmes, Samuel, Berwick, 60, 74 Jacobs, Benjamin, Wells, Kittery, 
 
 Holton, Corp., John, 72, 78 59. 62, 81 
 
 Homer, John, 75 Jacques, Richard, Capt., 64, 71 
 
 Honewell, Israel, Berwick, (Hun- Jeffs, Thomas, 81 
 
 niwell) 60, 74 Jelleson, John (Gellason) 77, 84 
 
 Honewell, Richard, (Hun niwell) 88 Jellison, Corp., Benj., Wells, 
 
 Hooper, Benj., 78 (Jellyson, Gellsion) Kittery, 59, 
 
 Hooper, John, Kittery, 82 62, 68, 76, 82, 84 
 
 Hooper, Nathaniel, Kittery, 68, 76, Jellison, Ichabod, Wells, Kittery, 
 
 81, 83 (Gallison, Gellsion) 59, 62, 68, 76, 
 
 Hooper, Samuel, Kittery, 61, 69, 81, 84 
 
 81 Jellison, Jesse, Kittery, 70, 82 
 
 Hovey, Ezekiel, 74, 80 Jelson, Ebenezer, 74 
 
 Howard, David, 79 Jenkins, John, 72, 79 
 
 Howard, Israel (Izrael) 72, 78 Jenkins, Joseph, Kittery, 69, 81 
 
 Howard, Jeremiah, 73, 79 Jenkins, Thomas, Kittery, 69, 81 
 
 Hubbard, Jonathan, Capt., 65 Jenkins, William, 73, 79 
 
 Humphrey, Tho., 80 Jennison, Joseph, 69 
 
 Humphty, Thomas, 73 Jennison, Samuel, 69 
 
 Hunnewell, Josiah, Scarboro, 74, Jephson, Lieut., Christopher, 64 
 
 85, 88 Jepson, James, Wells (Jypson) 59 
 
 Hunniwell, Roger, Scarboro, 87 Johnson, Elisha, 73, 79 
 
 Hunt, Edward, 72, 79 Johnson, John, Kittery, 73, 80 
 
136 
 
 Maine at Louisburg in 1745 
 
 Jones, John, 73, 79 
 
 Jones, Samuel, Berwick, 60, 69, 77, 
 
 83,84 
 Jones, Samuel, (possibly the same 
 
 as on 69) 70, 74 
 Jones, William, Kittery, 81 
 Joris, Samuel, Kittery, 81 
 Joye, Ephraim, (Joy) Berwick, 60, 
 
 61, 74 
 Jugerson, Nathaniel, Kittery, 82 
 
 Keef.John, 73, 79 
 Keller, Thomas, 73, 79 
 
 Kelloch, , Warren, 87 
 
 Kelley, John, (Kelly) 73, 80 
 
 Kenedy, Adam, 79 
 
 Kenne, John, Wells (Keene, Kene) 
 
 59, 62, 75, 84 
 Kenney, Samuel, 69, 76 
 Kidd, Alexander, 73, 79 
 Kieg, Timothy, 73 
 Kilgoo, Benj., 79 
 Kimball, Caleb, (Caleb C.)59, 
 Kimball, Caleb, Jr., Wells, 60, 62, 
 
 75 
 Kimball, John, 68 
 Kimball, Corp., Joshua, (Josa) 
 
 Wells, (died at Louisburg) 59,62, 
 
 68, 75, 76, 84 
 Kimball, Moses, 75 
 Kimball, 2d Lieut., Nathaniel, 
 
 Wells, 59, 62, 64, 75 
 King, Capt. Charles, 66, 72, 78 
 Kingsbury, John, 86 
 Knight, George, Kittery, (died 
 
 there) 61, 64, 68, 76, 81, 83, 85 
 Knight, George, Falmouth, Lieut., 
 
 70, 74 
 Knight, Richard, Kittery, 82 
 Kreg, Timothy, 79 
 
 Labere, Peter, Clerk, 78 
 Laffit, Joshua, 68 
 
 Lemercier, Jr., Lieut., Andrew, 
 
 (Le Mercier) 66, 72, 78 
 Lane, Sergt. Daniel, 74, So 
 Lane, John, Lieut., 66 
 Larken, William, Lieut., 66, 72, 73, 
 
 79 
 
 Larrabee, Samuel, Scarboro, 88 
 
 Larrabee, Thomas, 88 
 
 Lassell, Allison, (Alleson, Aleson, 
 Lasdell) Arundel, 60, 75, 85 
 
 Lasell, Joshua, Wells, (Lassell, 
 Lasdill) 59, 62, 84 
 
 Lathe, Joshua, 75 
 
 Lawless, John, Kittery, 8r 
 
 Laws, John, 69, 
 
 Leach, Benj., Corp., Kittery, 61, 
 68, 76, 80, 83 
 
 Leach, Ebenezer, Kittery, 61, 69, 8r 
 
 Leach, Samuel, Kittery, 69, 81 
 
 Leara, James, 70 
 
 Leardon, Elizer, (Leasdon) 70, 76 
 
 Leava, John, 77 
 
 Leavitt, , ( in Capt. Nathaniel 
 
 Donnell's Co.), 61 
 
 Leavitt, Joseph, (Levett) 73, 80 
 
 Lemmon, John, Ensign, 65 
 
 Lessenby, Thomas, (Lesinby) 70, 76 
 
 Lester, John (Lister) 72, 78 
 
 Lewis, John, Ensign, Berwick, 60, 
 64, 69, 74, 81, 83 
 
 Lewis, Jonathan, 69 
 
 Libbee, James, Scarboro, 88 
 
 Libby, Lieut. John (Libbee) Scar- 
 boro, 65, 88. Capt. Fogg's Com- 
 pany, Waldo's Regt. In 1747 he 
 was a Lieut, in Capt. George 
 Berry's Company. In 1758 he 
 was a Capt. in Preble's Regt. at 
 Lake George. 
 
 Libby, John, 88 
 
 Libbee, Noah, Scarboro, 88 
 
 Lidon, Nicho, 79 
 
Index 
 
 137 
 
 Lincoln, Ebenezer, Falmouth 
 
 (Linkliorne) 71, 76, 85 
 Lindsay, Matthew (Linsey) Wells 
 
 59' 62 
 Lindsey, James, (Linzey, Lindzey) 
 
 72, 78, 86 
 Linscot, Sergt., John, 78 
 Linch, Richard, 60 
 Little, Joshua, 75 
 Littlefield, Ebenezer (Eben) 59. 
 
 62, 75 . , ^ 
 
 Littlefield, James, Wells (Died at 
 
 Louisburg) (Littlefild) 59, 62, 
 
 68, 75, 76, 84 
 Littlefield, Jr., James, Wells, 60, 62 
 Littlefield, Joseph, 68 
 Locke, John, 75 
 Lock, Jr., John, 75 
 Lollens, Patrick, Kittery, (Loller) 
 
 61, 81 
 Look, Sergt., John, Wells, 
 
 (? Locke) 59, 62 
 Lord, Aaron, Kittery, Wells, 59, 62, 
 
 75. 81, 84 
 Lord, Jonathan, Ensign, 65, 71 
 Lord, Nathan, Kittery, 60, 61, 81 
 Lord, Nathaniel, Kittery, 74, 81 
 Lord, Nathan, Jr., Kittery, 74, 81 
 Lord, Samuel, Kittery, Berwick, 
 
 60, 61, 81 
 Loud, 3d, Samuel, 74 
 Lovewell, Samuel, Falmouth, 
 
 (Lowell) 74, 85 
 Lunt, Job, Falmouth, 61, 69, 74, 85 
 Lunt, Jr., Corp., Samuel, Fal- 
 mouth, 74, 85 
 Lydstone, Daniel, Kittery, (Lud- 
 
 stone) 61, 81, 83 
 Lydstone, John, Kittery, (Ledston, 
 
 Lydston) 61, 68, 76, 81 
 Lynn, Francis, Kittery, 81 
 Lyon, Josiah, 72, 79 
 
 Mac MacClalling, James, 84 
 Mace, Reuben, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Mackene, Isaac, 88 
 Magenry, John, 86 
 Magery, James, 72, 78 
 Mahony, Corp., Thomas, 60 
 Malcomb, John, Ensign, 65 
 Malony, Daniel, 74 
 Manenow, George, 68 
 Manutford, Nathaniel, Commis- 
 sary, 71 
 March, Benjamin, (Kittery) Wells, 
 
 59.81 
 March, John, 2 Lieut., 65 
 Markwell, James, 74 
 Marriner, George, Kittery, (Mar- 
 
 renor) 61, 68, 76, 81, 83 
 Marshall, Christopher, Capt., 66, 
 
 72, 79 
 Marston, John, Lieut., 66, 72, 78 
 
 Martin, Abraham, 60 
 
 Martin, Nathan, Wells (Marten) 
 (Nathaniel) 60, 70, 77, 84, 85 
 
 Mattocks, William, 73, 80 
 
 Mauries, Cuthe, (Cuff Mannis ?) 73 
 
 May, Gideon, Berwick, 60, 61, 74 
 
 McCarrid, James, (McCarriel, Mc- 
 Carrill) 69, 70, 77, 83 
 
 McCluker, Sergt. John, 78 
 
 McDaniel, John, Wells, (McDan- 
 niel) Kennebunkport ; about 1750 
 moved to Gorham, 59, 62, 78 
 
 McEffee, Daniel, 60 
 
 McCleuachan, Rev. William. Me. 
 Hist. Coll., ist Series, Vol. VIII, 
 pp. no, 131, note. Probably 
 chaplain of Waldo's regiment. 
 
 McLellan, Hugh, (McClanan, Mc- 
 Clane, McClaneu) 61, 68, 76, 83 
 
 McMarron, Daniel 2d (McMarrow) 
 
 60 
 Mecarel, James, Berwick, 60 
 
138 
 
 Maine at Louisburg in 1^4$ 
 
 Melody, John, 72, 79 
 
 Merryfield, Simeon, Wells, 59, 62 
 
 Mesharvey, Ensign, Daniel, 65, 71 
 
 Miles, Henry, 61 
 
 Miller, Joseph, Lieut., 66, 73, 80 
 
 Miller, Marshal, 72, 79 
 
 Milliken, Samuel, Scarboro, 87 
 
 Millitt, Andrew (Millett) 72, 78 
 
 Millett, Samuel, 70, 97 
 
 Molan, Sergt. Daniel (Molen) 73, 
 
 79 
 Moodey, Capt. Samuel, 64, 71 
 Moody, Daniel, Scarboro, (Mudy) 
 
 88 
 Moody, Joshua, (Moodey) 74, 85, 
 Moody, Parker, 73, 80 
 Moody, Rev. Samuel, York, Chap- 
 lain of Pepperrell's regiment, 25, 
 
 43.62 
 Moore, John, Lieut., 65 
 Moore, Robert, Kittery, (More) 
 
 61, 69, 81 
 Moore, William, Kittery, 78, 82 
 Morgridge, Benj., Kittery, (Mar- 
 
 gridge, Mugridge), 73, 80, 82 
 Morrison, David, 61 
 Morse, Edmund, Ensign, 65, 71 
 Mory, John, 69 
 Moses, Theod, 88 
 Moulton, Jeremiah, Col., 65, 72 
 Moulton, John, 78 
 Mountford, Nath'l, Commissary, 65 
 Mugridge, Samuel, Corp., Kittery, 
 
 (Muggeridge, Margridge), 70, 76, 
 
 82 
 Munnis, Cuffe, (Cuff) 80, 86 
 Munson, Robert, Scarboro, 88 
 Mumford, Capt., Richard, 68, 81 
 Murphey, John, Ensign, Arundel, 
 
 65. 71 
 Murrey, James, 70 
 Murray, John, (Murrey) 74, 77, 83, 
 
 84 
 
 Muzzey, John, 69 
 
 My rick, John, Scarboro, 88 
 
 Napp, Ebener, 78 
 
 Nason, John, Kittery, 60, 74, 81 
 
 Nason, Joshua, Berwick, 74, 81. 
 He was a Captain in the Revolu- 
 tion and was at the surrender of 
 Burgoyne. Bradbury's History 
 Kennebunkport 
 
 Nason, Noah, Kittery, 60, 74, 81 
 
 Newhall, Ebenezer, Lieut., 66 
 
 Newhall, Joseph, Ensign (ist 
 Lieut.,) 65,71, 73 
 
 Newhall, Richard, 72, 78, 86 
 
 Newhall, Samuel, 70, 77 
 
 Newmarch, John, 86 
 
 Newmarch, Thomas, Lieut., Kit- 
 tery, 82 
 
 Nichols, Charles, 70, 77 
 
 Nichols, John, 73, 80 
 
 Nichols, Samuel, 73, 80 
 
 Noble, Arthur, Capt., Lieut. Col., 
 64, 71 
 
 Noble, James, Lieut., Capt., Major, 
 son of Lt. Col. Arthur Noble, died 
 in Louisburg, Sept. 26, 1746, aged 
 18 years, 64, 65, 71 
 
 Noble, Nathan, New Boston, killed 
 at Saratoga in Oct. 1777. Goold's 
 Portland in the Past, p. 373 
 
 Oakley, William, 74, 80 
 
 O'Brien, Morris, 52, 81. He was 
 from Scarboro and served in 
 Capt. Peter Staples' Company. 
 He removed in 1765 to Machias 
 with his two sons then of age, 
 Gideon, and Jeremiah, and four 
 minor sous, John, William, 
 Dennis and Joseph. He was 
 prominent in planning and 
 organizing the expedition that 
 
Index 
 
 139 
 
 captured the British armed cut- 
 ter Margaretta in Machias Bay, 
 June 12, 1775, and his six sons 
 were in that party of patriots. 
 
 Oidin, Samuel, 79 
 
 O'Lcllers, Patrick, 69 
 
 Osmint, William, 73, 80 
 
 Owen, John, 74 
 
 Owen, Jr., John, Falmouth, 85 
 
 Palmore, Benjamin, Wells, 60 
 
 Passer, Lewis, 79 
 
 Pariman, John, 61 
 
 Parker, Gideon, Kittery, 69, 76, 81 
 
 Parnel (Barnol) Benj., 78 
 
 Paul, Brian, (Bryant Paule) Wells, 
 
 60, 70, 77, 84, 85 
 Payson, Nathan, Lieut., 64 
 Pearson, Jeremy, Lieut., 65 
 Pearson, Capt. Moses, Falmouth, 
 
 (Pierson) 60, 63, 70, 74, 76, 85 
 Peenis, Noah, (Penass, Peenis, 
 
 Pennice) York, 70, 77, 83, 84 
 Pendergrass, Peter, 60 
 Pepperrell, William, Lieut., Gen., 
 
 Kittery, 57, 58, 59, 63 
 Perkins, Eliphalet, Arundel, 60, 75, 
 
 84 
 Perkins, Elisha, 70 
 Perkins, Thomas, Capt., Arundel, 
 
 60, 63, 70, 75, 77, 83, 84, 88. He 
 
 was also in the Minas Expedition 
 
 of 1746 and was shipwrecked at 
 
 Mt. Desert. See Me. Hist. Soc. 
 
 Coll., ist Series, Vol. 8, p. 128. 
 Perry, Richard, Arundel, 60, 75, 81, 
 
 85 
 Perry, William, Kittery, 60, 81 
 Pettigrew, William, Kittery, (Pet- 
 
 tegrou) Pettegreu, 68, 76, 81, 83 
 Pettingall, Nathaniel, 2d Lieut., 
 
 65 
 Phenix (see Fenix, Fennix) 
 Phillips, Benj., 74, 80 
 
 Phippen, Benjamin, Lieut., (Pip- 
 pin) 66, 72 
 Phippen, Jona, 79 
 Pickerell, George, 73, 79 
 Pickett, Francis, Sergt., 79 
 Pierce, Israel, Berwick, 60, 61 
 Pierce, James, Wiscasset, Drake's 
 History of the French and Indian 
 Wars 
 Pierce, John, Kittery, 60, 82 
 Pierce, William, 74 
 Pinkim, John, 68 
 Pitman, Nehemiah, 85 
 Porter, Israel, Ensign, 66, 72 
 Porter, Samuel, 72, 78 
 Posser, Lewis, 73 
 Pote, Elisha, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 Pote, Gamaliel, Corp., Falmouth, 
 
 (Gamalel) 70, 74, 85 
 Pote, Jeremiah, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 Powers, Jeremy, Ensign, 65 
 Preble, Jedediah, Wells, 62 **• 
 Preble, Zebulon, York, 30, Drake 
 in his History of French and 
 Indian Wars 
 Prescott, Peter, Capt., (Prescot) 66, 
 
 72, 79 
 
 Proctor, Charles, Lieut., 64, 71 
 
 Provinder, Isaac, 78 
 
 Pugsleigh, John, (Pugsley, Puggs- 
 ley, Pudsleigh, Ruggsley) 61, 68, 
 76,83 
 
 Putnam, Nathaniel, 72, 79 
 
 Putnam, William, (Pitman) 74,85 
 
 Pynes, Sergt. Thomas, (Pyne) 73, 
 79 
 
 Ramsdell, Ebenezer, (Ramsdel) 72, 
 
 78 
 Ramsdill, Joshua, York, 83 
 Rand, Jonathan, 73, 80 
 Ranken.John, (Ranking, Rankin) 
 
 68, 76, 83 
 Raynes, Francis, York, 86 
 
140 
 
 Maine at Louisburg in 1^45 
 
 Read, James, Wells, (Reed) 59, 62, 
 68, 75, 76, 84 
 
 Reed, William, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 
 Reith, Richard, 78 
 
 Remick, William,Kittery, (Remish) 
 68, 76, 81, 83 
 
 Rhodes, Samuel, Capt., 66, 73, 79 
 
 Rice, Josiah, Ensign, 64 
 
 Rich, Peter, Wells, 59, 62, 75 
 
 Richard, Sergt. Francis, 73 
 
 Richardson, Capt. Jeremiah, 64, 71 
 
 Richardson, Nathaniel, Ensign, 
 66, 72, 79 
 
 Richardson, Richard, 70, 77 
 
 Roach, Paul, York, 83 
 
 Robert, Sergt. Alex., Falmouth, 
 (Alexander), Lieut., 70, 85, 88 
 
 Roberts, John, Falmouth, 71, 74,85 
 
 Robinson, Matthew, Wells, died at 
 Louisburg, (Robertson) Robison, 
 Robson, 59, 62, 68, 75, 76, 84 
 
 Robison, John, Falmouth, 74 
 
 Robinson, Nehemiah, (Nehema) 
 73,80 
 
 Robinson, William, Wells, (Robi- 
 son) 59, 62, 75 
 
 Rogers, John, Kittery, 81 
 
 Romoril, Corp. Thomas, (Romouil, 
 Rommerrill) 70, 76 
 
 Roper, Benjamin, 70, 77 
 
 Rose, Solomon, Kittery, 61, 69, 81 
 
 Ross, John, 60 
 
 Ruby, Edmund, 70 
 
 Ruby, John, 77 
 
 Russell, Isaac, 75 
 
 Russell, John, Ensign, 65, 71 
 
 Sabine, Peter, 72 
 Sacklar, John, 75 
 Samoss, Moses, York, 83 
 Sampson , James, Arundel, (Samson ) 
 
 60, 70, 77, 84 
 Sampson, William, 73, 80 
 
 Sanders, Capt. Thomas, com- 
 manded the sloop Massachusetts 
 Sawer, Benj., 80 
 Sawin, Benjamin, 75 
 Sawyer, Abraham, Falmouth, 74, 
 
 85 
 Sawyer, David, Scarboro, 88 
 Bayer, Daniel, Clerk, Wells, 59, 62, 
 
 75 
 Say ward, Jonathan, 61, 86 
 Sedebin, Jethro, 79 
 Semple, Richard, 85 
 Sequent, an Indian, 85 
 Sewell, Thomas, 69 
 Shaw, John, Sergt., Lieut., 64, 65, 
 
 73, 79 
 
 Shenedy, Adam, 72 
 
 Shepard, Jeremiah, 73, 79 
 
 Shillgrass, Benjamin, 72 
 
 Shipman, John, 73, 79 
 
 Shores, John, Kittery, (Shorey)8i 
 
 Sidon, Nathaniel, 72 
 
 Silsbee, Lieut., John, 71 
 
 Silver, John, 79 
 
 Simeon, James, 70 
 
 Simmons, Robert, 70, 77 
 
 Simpson, John, 78 
 
 Simpson, Joshua, Falmouth, (Sim- 
 son, 70, 85 
 
 Simpson, Nathan, 15, evidently not 
 the same as Nathaniel 
 
 Simson, Jer'h, 76 
 
 Sinkler, John, Wells, (Sinklar) 62, 
 
 75 
 Smith, Charles, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Smith, Elder, 74 
 Smith, Jonathan, Capt., 65 
 Soule, Capt. Cornelius, (Soul) 60 
 Spenser, Moses, Berwick, (Spencer) 
 
 60,74 
 Spinney, David, Kittery, (Spiney) 
 
 68, 81, 82 
 Spinney, George, Kittery, 78, 82 
 
Index 141 
 
 Spinney, James, Kittery, (Spiney) Taylor, David, (Tayler) 72, 79 
 
 61, 68, 69, 78, 82 Taylor, James, 68 
 
 Spinney, Jeremiah, Kittery, (Spin- Taylor, Joseph, Wells, 59, 62, 69, 
 
 ey) 76, 81, 83 75, 76, 84 
 
 Spring, Jedediah, 68 Taker, John, 69 
 
 Springer, Ens., James, Falmouth, Telfare, Alexander, 73, 79 
 
 64,70,74,85 Teneris, Stephen, 86 
 
 Springer, Jeremiah, Arundel, 60, Thomas, James, 70 
 
 74, 75, 84 Thomas, Jonathan, Kittery, (Jon- 
 Springer, Jr., Jeremiah, Falmouth, athin) 61, 68, 76, 81, 83 
 
 74, 85 Thomas, John, 77 
 
 Stanley, James, 74, 80 Thomas, Richard, 72, 78 
 
 Stansbury, Benj., Lieut., (Capt.) 66, Thompson, John, (Tompson)6i, 68, 
 
 72, 79 76, 81, 82 
 
 Staples, Peter, Capt., Eliot, 61, 63, Thompson, Jonathan, Arundel, 
 
 68, 76, 80, 82 60 
 
 Starbird, Jethro, Scarboro, 88 Thorn, Jonathan, 70 
 
 Stebbins, John,73 Thorn, Joseph, Falmouth, 85 
 
 Sterns, John, Capt., 65 Thorn, Jr., Joseph, 85 
 
 Stevens, Enoch, Kittery, 61, 69, 76, Thorne, James, Drummer, 70, 76 
 
 81 Tibbets, Ichabod, Berwick, (Tib- 
 Stevens, Jacob, Capt., 64, 71 itts, Tibbitts, Tibits) 60, 69, 70, 
 Stevens, John, Kittery, 82 74, 77, 83, 84 
 
 Stevens, Joseph, private, Lieut., 64 Tileston, Benjamin, (Tellson) 75 
 
 Stevens, William, Kittery, 69, 81 Tileston, Ichabod, (Tellson) 75 
 
 Stinson, James, 60, 61, 74 Titcomb, Benjamin, Ensign, 64 
 
 Stone, Robert, 73, 79 Temple, Richard, Falmouth, 74 
 
 Stone, Samuel, 72, 78 Tobey, John, Kittery, 61, 69, 81 
 
 Strong, Elisha, 2d Lieut., 65 Towle, John, 86 
 
 Strout, Edward, 75 Tray, Philip, 73, 80, 86 
 
 Storer, John, Lieut.Col., Wells, 59, Trevitt, John, Adjt., 66 
 
 62, 63, 68, 75, 76, 86 Tripe, Robert, Kittery, 81 
 Stuart, Edward, Wells, 60, 84 Trott, John, Kittery, 73, 82 
 Stubley, Thomas, (Stubly) 72, 79 Trow, Bartholomew, Capt., 66, 73, 
 Sullivan, Sergt., Cornelius, 73, 79 80 
 
 Sumner, Ebenezcr, Ensign, (Lieut.) Troy, Joseph, 61 
 
 66,73 True, Jacob, Falmouth, 74, 85 
 
 Swan, Lewis, 73 Trumbal, Jona, Lieut., 65, 71 
 
 Sweetsir, Benj., Falmouth, (Sweet- Try, John, 61 
 
 ser) 74, 85 Turner, Benjamin, 75 
 
 Symond, John, 79 Turner, Seth, 75 
 
 Tyng, Capt. Edward, Falmouth, 
 
 Tay, Joseph, 69 22 
 
142 
 
 Maine at Louishurg in 1745 
 
 Vaughan, Lt. Col. William, ii, 12, 
 
 21, 28, 29, 52 
 Vincent, Arthur, 73, 79 
 
 Wakefield, Jedediah, Wells, 60 
 Wakefield, Jr., John, Wells, 60 
 Walcom, Cornelius, (Clow) 72, 78 
 Walcutt, Samuel, 73 
 Waldo, Joseph, ist laeut., 65 
 Waldo, Samuel, Brig. Gen., 63, 64, 
 
 71 
 Waldo, Samuel, Jr., Capt., 65 
 Waldron, Thomas, Lieut., 65 
 Walker, John, Kittery, 69, 81 
 Walker, Solomon, Berwick, 60, 61, 
 
 74 
 
 Walker, , (Warren) 87 
 
 Ward,Tho, 79 
 
 Waters, James Benit, 79 
 
 Watkins, Andrew, Lieut., Capt., 
 
 Kittery, 63, 65. 71, 82 
 Watson, Shadrach, Arundel, 60 
 Watters, John, 73, 80 
 Watts, John, Capt., 64, 71 
 Weakly, Joseph, 69 
 Wealth, Edward, 75 
 Webb, James, 69 
 Webb, Thomas, 72, 79 
 Webber, James, Kittery, 61, 82 
 Webber, Sergt., Joseph, York, 59, 
 
 62, 68, 70, 75, 77, 78, 83, 84, 
 Webster, Stephen, Lieut., 65, 71 
 Webster, Sergt., William, 72, 78 
 Weeks, Jos., Ensign, 64, 69, 81 
 Welch, Edmund, (Edward) Wells, 
 
 60, 62, 65, 76, 84 
 Welch, John, Kittery, 82 
 Welch, Luke, 72, 79 
 Welch, Morris, 72 79 
 Wells, John, York, 70, 77, 79, 83, 84 
 Wellson, John, 73 
 Wentworth, Ezekiel, Berwick, 60, 
 
 61 
 
 Weytoor, Ezekiel, 74 
 
 Wheeler, Sergt., John, (Whealer) 
 
 72, 79 
 Wheeler, Simon, 70, 85 
 Wheelright, Thomas, Wells, 60, 
 
 62 
 Wherrin, Isaac, Kittery, 82 
 Whittam, Job, (Whittum) 73, 79 
 Whittemore, Joel, Ensign., Lieut., 
 
 (Whittymore, Whitemore,) Kit- 
 tery, 64, 68, 76, 80, 82 
 Whittemore, Samuel, 72, 79 
 White, Charles, Wells, 59, 62, 68, 
 
 75, 76, 84 
 White, John, (James) 72, 78 
 White, Joseph, 60, 61 
 White, Nathaniel, 75 
 White, Thomas, 78 
 Whittum, Eleazar, (Withum, 
 
 Witham) 78, 82 
 Wilcut, Sam., (Wilcott) 80, 86 
 Willey, James, 69 
 Williams, Benjamin, Lieut., 65 
 Williams, George, Falmouth, 74 
 Williams, George, Jr., 85 
 Williams, John, 73, 79 
 Williams, Joshua, 79 
 Williams, Matt'w, 77 
 Williams, Nathaniel, 70 
 Wilkins, Benjamin, 74, 80 
 Wilson, Daniel, private. Ensign, 
 
 Kittery, 61, 64, 68, 76, 80, 82 
 Wilson, James, Kittery, (Died at 
 
 Louisburg) 59, 62, 78, 82 
 Wilson, John, 79 
 Wilson, Michael, Wells, 62 
 Winkley, Joseph, Kittery, 81 
 Winne, John, (Winn) 60 
 Winston, Nathan, 85 
 Withum, Bartholomew, Kittery, 
 
 (Witham, Whitton, Whittom, 
 
 Whittum, WittUm) 61, 68, 76, 
 
 81,83 
 
Index 143 
 
 "Witham, Peter, Kittery (Withum) Woodman, Micah, 69 
 
 6r, 81 Woodson, Joseph, 74 
 
 Witham, Thomas, Kittery, Ber- Woodson, Michael, (Micah) (Woo- 
 wick, (Withum) 60, 81 soon), Woodsome, 69, 70, 74, 77 
 
 Woodman, Corp. David, Falmouth, 83, 84 
 70, 85 
 
 Wood, John, 72, 79 Yeates or Yates, James, 87 ,^ 
 
 Wood, Joseph, 86 Yorses, James, 74 
 
 Wood, Samuel, 73, 79 Young, Daniel, York, 83 
 
 Woodman, Corp. David, Fal- 
 mouth, 76 Zouberbhuler, Sebastian, Captain, 
 
 Woodman, John, Kittery, 82 65, 87