A P*OS A** -A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, tfymfiiltQl fright |o. mm i%A*Si*$ UNITED STATES OP AMERICA.! ^6*h*A* £ ^ » - <-- e * ■ r kfa^^§M« fw^iM>m m& i¥$M$timk$ ►fc *A^-'^ S»P J»IBte# .«W™ VU&rJ2£$-i!\. mMmmB tfT * ^s^r-:!^aaaw ERIE RAILWAY COMPANY Commutation Tariff, taking effect April 1st, 1872. EASTERN DIVISION AND BLANCHES- NEW YORK. AND RUTHERFORD PARK. SANTIAGO PASSAIC CLIFTON LAKE VIEW PATERSON HAWTHORNE RIDGEWOOD HOHOKUS ALLENDALE RAMSEY'S MAIIWAH SUFFERN RAMAPO STERLING JUNCTION SLO ATS BURG SOUTHFIELDS GREENWOOD HIGHLAND MILLS.. WOODBURY VALLEY. CORNWALL NEW WINDSOR NEWBURGH TURNER'S - MONROE OXFORD GREYCOURT M CRAIGVILLE 1 -g^ WASIIINGTONVILLE j h% SALISBURY ! 3a VAILS GATE j {z;M WARWICK, (Warwick Brch.) CHESTER GOSHEN MONTGOMERY(Wallkill Valley Br. HAMPTON MIDDLETOWN HOWELL'S OTISYILLF GUYMARD PORT .TERVIS. C.ARLSTADT . 1 . WOOD RIDGE LODI LOWER ll.VCKENSACK UPPER HACKENSACK. CHERRY HILL .. .. RIVER EDGE NEW MILFORD ORADELL KINDERKAMACK W!>>TWOOn HILLSDALE 9% xo% I2K *3% *5% 16% i8fc 22 ^A 2 7 % 30 ^ 3 2 33% 34% 35 V 42 44^ 5 6)4 6c 1 -. 63 * 49% 5^ 54^ 56H 61 63 \. 67 ¥ 64% 55 H 59% 70 ! 67 7 1 75% 9%. 10% 14 H 13% 14X 16 i?^ i8« 18% 20/4 COMMUTATION. One Mouth. Three Months. II.OO II.50 "•75 12.25 12 75 13.00 J 3-75 M-75 15.25 10.00 16.75 I7-50 18.00 18.50 *8 75 19.00 20.00 20.50 21.50 22.00 23.00 23-50 24 00 25 00 22 00 22.50 23 00 23 50 24.00 25-50 26 . 50 28 .00 28 50 24 00 25 00 28 00 26 50 27.50 28 50 30 00 31 00 33 00 11 .00 ii 50 12.50 12.50 13 50 14-75 16.50 J 7.25 17.75 18.50 20.25 21 .50 23 24 24 26 26 27 2Q 30 31 32 33 % 36 36 39 40 42 43 45 46 47 5o 42 44 45 4.--. 47 50 52 53 56 47 so 59 52 53 75 55 75 58 . 50 61 .00 6=;. 00 22.50 23.00 25.00 25.00 26.50 29 00 32 50 34.00 35.00 36-50 40 00 42.00 First Six Months. Second Six Months. 40.00 40.75 42.25 43 00 44-25 45.00 46.00 47 75 48.50 49 75 51 .00 52.25 53.00 54-5o 55-25 56.00 61 50 63 • 5o 67-25 69 00 71.50 74.00 77 5o 80 00 67-00 69.25 72-00 74-25 76 00 80 25 82 50 86 00 9i-5o 75 - 2 5 80. Oo 08 ■ 00 8? .00 86 00 88- 75 9i-75 94 75 100 Oo 40.00 4° 75 43 5o 43- 50 46 50 5* 2 5 56.-5 59 • 50 61 .00 66.00 70 . 00 74.00 25 00 25-75 27.25 28.00 29.25 30. CO 31-25 33-25 34-75 36 00 37-2? 38 75 40.00 42 00 43.00 44.00 51.00 53-5° 58.50 60 75 63.75 67.25 71 75 7S .oo ^8 00 61.25 64 5° 67.5° 69.2 - 73 2 5 77 5° 80.00 82 25 68.75 75 °° 93 00 77 75 80.00 82. s° 8.5-75 88 75 93 75 25.00 25 75 28 50 28 50 30.50 33-75 37-25 39.00 40.00 43.00 4=1-75 48 .10 Twelve Months 60.OO 60.75 62.25 63.OO 64.25 65 .OO 67.50 71 .OO 72 25 76.OO 78.50 81.50 83.25 87.OO 89.00 90.75 04.50 09 2 = 18.75 23.OO 28.75 33.OO 43-75 50.00 17 75 75 00 0.40 75 50 50 75 So 075 CO 0.80 CO 0.90 75 1. 00 00 I. To 00 I -15 00 I .20 00 1.25 00 I.3D Special Rates for Schoi ars attending School. w$) iff 1 ici) W) & QMS FOR CITY BUSINESS MEN. rttr-h A Description of the Country adjacent to the Eastern Division and Branches of the IHI BAILWAT AND NORTHERN RAILROAD OF HE* JERSEY TOGET3BP AVITH A STATEMENT OP THE INDUCEMENTS OFFERED FOR PURCHASKOF y SUBUHBAN RESIDENCE IN THE RICH VALLEYS OF THE HACKBNSACK AND PASSAIC, THE HEALTHFUL MOUNTAIN REOION OP THE RAMAPO, OR THE FAIR FIELDS OF ORANGF COUNTY. George L. Catlin, (COMPILED BY W.U. YORKE ATLEE.) .V..V " Beatua Hie qui procul negotiig, Ui prises gens mnrtalium, Falerna rura I) >!ma exercet suis, SolutllS • mini feuore." 3ST IE "W Y O Tt 321 : Pm"blislied. by tlie Erie Railway Company. 1872. < ; ^^ ^-.~ v: . ..'-NN *:' J ' < - • - Ab _J/- j Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, By George L. Catlin, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress. ?\^A ■y INTRODUCTION. The past year lias witnessed no diminution, but, on the contrary, a steady and continued increase both in the popular demand for in- formation as to the value of property, and the cost of a " Suburban Home " on the line of the Erie Railway, and in the number of those who have actually availed themselves of the advantages herein treated of. We call attention, and with some pardonable satisfaction, to the growth and prosperity which the annual issue of this little work has, in conjunction with the enterprise of property-owners, helped to achieve along the line, and it is in a desire to promote a continuance of these mutual interests, that a revised edition is this year given to the public, containing many substantial facts and figures, which the careful and judicious reader will not fail to find, and " when found, make a note of." Those desiring copies can obtain them, free of charge, at the office of the General Passenger Agent of the Erie Railway Company, or at either of the Company's principal ticket offices in New York City; G. L. C. New York, April, 1872. INDEX {For Directory to Advertisements, see 117.) Allendale 44 Arlington 26 Blauveltville 107 Campbell Hall 64 Carlstadt 72 Cherry Hill 75 Chester 57 Clifton 23 Closter.... 103 Cornwall 83 Corona 73 Craigville 89 Cresskill 102 Crom wells 83 Demarest 103 East Chester 92 East Side 36 Euglewood 101 Fair View 100 Florida 95 Goshen ... 58 Grand View 106 Greenwood . 50 Greycourt 56 Gran ton 100 Guymard . . 67 Hackensack 73 Hackensack Branch 72 Hampton 63 Harrison Street 23 Hartwood 97 Hawthorne 39 Highland 102 Highland Mills 82 Hillsdale 76 Hohokus 44 Homestead 99 Howells 65 Huguenot 96 Kinderkamack 76 Kingston 94 Lake View 26 Lake Station 92 Leonia 100 I .odi Junction 73 Madison Park 29 Mahwah 45 Mansfield Avenue .... 1U6 Middletown 03 Monroe 54 Montgomery 94 tk and Walkill Valley Branch. 94 Monticelloand Port Jervis Branch 96 Month-ello 97 Mont Vale 78 Monsey 109 Mountainville 83 Nanuet 10S Newark Branch 80 Newburgh 85 Newb urgh Branch 89 " Short Cut 82 New Durham 99 New Milford 75 New Windsor 84 Northern R. R. of N. J 99 Norwood 103 Njrack 1O8 Oakland 97 Oratlel 75 Orangeburgh .' 107 Otisville 66 Oxford 55 Park Ridge 7s Pascack 77 Passa ; c 21 Passaic Bridge 19 Passaic Fails .35 Paterson 29 Pearl River 78 Piermont ' 105 Pine Island Branch 95 Port Jervis 68 Ramapo 47 Ramseys 45 Ridgefield 100 Ridgewood 40 River Edge 75 Riverside " ." 39 Rosendale 94 Rose's Point ...". 96 Rutherford Park ig Salisbury . . . 91 Santiago "'"'. 19 Sloatsburg 49 Southfields 50 Spring Valley 108 Sterling Junction 48 Stone Bridge 92 Suffern 46 Sugar Loaf ..." 92 Tallmans 10:) Tappan 104 Temple Hill 84 Tenaliy 102 Turners ". 51 TylerPark 99 Upper Pi rmont 104 Vail'sGate si Valley 83 Walden 94 Warwick ,*" 93 Warwick Branch '* 92 Washingtonville 90 W.estwood 76 Woodl)urv g3 Woodridge . ... 73 Suburban Homes FOR Pity Business Men There was a time— and not so many years ago either— when the lower half of Manhattan Island was amply large enough to supply both homes and places ot business for all its resideuts. In those days, horse cars were unnecessary and unknown; stages few, and but little in demand— and the decent old tradesman from the neighbor- hood of City Hall Park, the merchant from Pearl or State, or the moneyed man from Wall Street could, at the close of his busi- ness hours, complacently gather up his coat-tails, put on his broad- brim hat, seize his gold headed cane— if he had one— and walk home inside of ten minutes at the most. Suburban Homes were at that time things undreamed of. True, there were some quiet farm houses, and unpretending country resi- dences on the Bloomingdaleand the Harlem roads, but business men didn't think of going out there, unless it was to pass a week, or at lea-t a day or two, of freedom from wonted toil. In those times, Brooklyn was decidedly inconveuient and difficult of access ; Staten Island was as far off as Albany and New Haven are now; while the New Jersey shore, where now stands a populous and growing city, was only important as a landing place, where two or three times a day a ricketty ferry-boat came to carry over the staid old Jersey burghers and their families, who had driven in from their farms in the Hackensack and Aquackanonck regions, to do their semi-anuua! visiting or shopping in what was even then the Western Metropolis. But, by-and-by, the growth of New York began to opan people's eyes to the rapidly approaching necessity of providing more frequent 6 SUBURBAN HOMES. and rapid communication with the neighboring rural districts. The heights of Brooklyn, the wooded slopes of Staten Island, and the flowery plains of New Jersey, were fair indeed to look upon. " Why not have good boats and good cars? And why not live over there instead of in the close, dusty city ? " This was the first whisper that came in, and each year louder, with the first breath of Spring, through the city casements ; it told of fragrant violets in many a far-off field ; of wild birds singing soft and low in many a quiet dell ; of long stretches of clover meadow, with browsing cattle, and the song of the ploughman at his toil ; of brooks clear as crystal, babbling over a pebbly bottom by the roadside ; all this made up the picture that the Spring breezes brought. " Yes," said one, " and we can keep a cow." " And chickens." " And make our own butter." " And have fresh milk." " And clear spring-water." "And raise our own vegetables." " And — (grand chorus) have a home of our own." So at last, owing on the one hand to the establishment of direct, frequent and comfortable accommodations for travel across the rivers, and on the other, to the peculiar topography of Manhattan Island, the rush of Suburban Home seekers, tired of extortionate rents and doctor's bills, actually began. Look at its results : Brook- lyn, the third city in the Union, Jersey City the tenth, Newark as large as New-Orl;*ans, and Westchester County, Staten Island, and all Eastern and Northern New Jersey teeming with life, and dotted with the homes of New York business men. The Question of City vs. Country. And apropos of this subject, we quote from the New York Herald a recent article, as reflective of the views we have already advanced : " But a very few years since — five years at the utmost — much writing and argument were necessary to interest the people of New York in New Jersey as a place of residence. Staten Island, Long Island, Westchester and Connecticut, found ready favor from all those intent upon leaving the city, but New Jersey was simply " Jersey," the last SUBURBAN HOMES. 7 of all places to which a New Yorker would desire to emigrate. Then that part, ot the State contiguous to New York, if we except Hudson county,, was, outside of the cities, but plain farming lands, and, in most instances, could be bought at old farming prices, and the rail- roads carried a lew local passengers. But, now who would recognize the New Jersey of those days, in what can be seen on the line ot any of its railroads within twenty-five miles of New York. There are those living within the hearing of Niagara who have never seen the mighty cataract which attracts visitors from another continent. Another evidence of the same trait is, that there are those living in New York who have no conception that just across the Hudson river there is growing up an immense city, that within a very few years will rank among the greatest in this country. Newark, Paterson, Hackensack, Elizabeth, Jersey City and Hobokeo form the New Jersey chain ot cities ; by intervening 'villages all their streets connect, and the most remote— -Paterson and Hackensack — are within 60 minutes of New York. Unite all under one government, and they would form a Metropolis occupying 123 square miles, the same area as that of London ; the population being 400,000, it would rank as the fourth city of the Union. What can stop the growth of this great city ? 850 passenger trains pass through it daily, the Hudson faces it, two other: magnificent rivers and a canal stretch through it lengthwise, and Newark Bay gives an additional front of five miles, so that ai together it has over three times the water front of the city of New York. Of the 401' ,000 souls living in this embryo city, at least two-thirds have gone from the city of New York, proving that the wave of suburban emigration sets strongly and steadily towards New Jersey. The census. for 1870 shows that during the past ten years, while New York city ha^ grown but fourteen per cent., New Jersey has increased forty per cent.; and that the inhabitants of Metropolitan New York, including ttie suburbs for forty miles round about, comprise 2,320,627 souls, divided, as to location, in the following proportion : 3 per cent, live in Orange county, New York. 1 per cent, live in Rockland county, N"ew York. 1£ per cent, live in Richmond county, (St a ten Island,) N-o • 1 per cent, live in Fairfield county, Connecticut 6 per cent, live in Westchester county. 22 J per cent, live on Long Island. 23£ per cent, live in New Jersey. 41^ per cent, live in the city of New York. By this table it will be seen that considerably more than half as many people live in New Jersev, within forty miles of New York, as do in the great city itself. When we remember that this is the increase of but a very few years, les^ than a decade, we, for the first time, realize that the growth of New Jersey has been infinitely greater than that of any other place, iu the same number of years, of which the history o' the world makes mention. We do not speak in any regret at this rapid growth of our sister city. New York has a share in New Jersey's prosperity, and looks toward these rapidly growing settlements with an imperial affection, regarding. them as so many colonies that have sprung from her teem- SUBURBAN BOMBS. SUBURBAN RESIDENTS On the Line of the Erie Bailway will find it both CONVENIENT AND PROFITABLE TO PURCHASE CXOTBXITG, (Eitlier 3^^oix's» ox* Boy's,) J^T THIE UJammoi^ illotbing istabltshmenf •3 OF • 4»1 &k ClMBIl^ GRAND OPERA HQU33. @®m. Wwm^wT-wmtBm fir. ^ #ot dffrjr„ JW. F. (Only 4 squares from the Erie Ferry at the foot of above Street.) STAGES FROM EACH BOAT PASS THE DOOR. The above firm manufacture all their own sfo*»ds. and are thus enabled to save you the Jobbers' Profits, and to offer to the pureba-er outfits for gentlemen or boys, at prices just as low as the jobbers must pay for their goods. 55^- A FINE ASSORTMENT of the most fashionable SUITS VESTS, PANTS, &C. constantly on hand. BOYS & CHILDREN'S CLOTHING A SPECIALTY. Mr. Ohas. Cummin?;, who has special charge of thi* branch of the business, was for many years connected with several of the leading hou-es on Broadway, and know- how to meet the wants of parents and guardians. CLOTHING OF EVERY DESCRIPTION marie to measure at very reason- able prices, and with an telegan •<• and taste nnsurptssed in the city. A SPLENDftD LTNE OF SHIRTS, Tfes. CofTaPS. Hosiery, Gtov^s. &c, in fact everything connected with a gentleman's outfit can here be found. N B — Tt is nimenVsanr frr parent 8 to take their children to the store, as thev (-in be fitted equally well bv me-cly -tar'nc: the age: such i* the perfection which has been arrived at in this branch o! the business SUBURBAN HOMES. 9 ing life. They are but suburbs of the Metropolis, and contribute to ite grandeur and greatness. But the property owners of this State have still some rights which their representatives in the Legislature are bound to respect. One of the principal attractions which New Jersey offers to the New York worker seekiug a suburban residence, is the iow rate of taxation, which her rapid growth of population enables her to keep down. In New York, on the contrary, taxes increase through the very presence here during a portion of their time of those very people who are lightening the burden of our New Jersey neighbors." There are those, doubtless, who will assert that the inconveniences and detentions experienced by the man of business in reaching or coming from his home in the suburbs, more than counterbalance the advantages derived by its possession. Let us exhaust all their trite arguments in favor of remaining in town. " Well," says Mr. Thoughtless, " no home in the country for me ! Not any. Getting up in the morning at sunrise is a habit I never < id, and never will become reconciled to. Then no gas, a^ 1 no Croton ; no brick side- walks ; and no horse-cars ; hastily swallowed breakfasts and a chase for the train ; an hour in going each way, morning and evening. Then, if I want to go out at night, to the theatre, church, lecture or Lodge, where am I ? Or, if we want to drop in somewhere for ice cream on a summer evening ; or send for a carriage ; or give a party ? No, sir, the City is good enough for me." All this, though scarcely applicable to Suburban homes in places like Hackensack, Passaic, Paterson, Goshen or Middletown, makes a very fair picture, no doubt, and leaves the impression that any part of New York, in Mr. Thoughtless' mind, is preferable to a Suburban home. But, let Mr. T. be reminded of this, that while there are Five Points in New York, there are also five points, and good ones, in favor of his leaving it, namely : 1st. Superior conveniences for communication. One can reach the City Hall Park from Paterson, eighteen miles distant, quicker and more comfortably than from Eightieth St. In the latter case, he makes the transit in closely-crowded filthy, slow-going horse cars or stages ; in the former, in clean and well ventilated, roomy, and broad-gauge coaches, and in swift and spacious ferry boats. Com- munication is frequent and regular between the hours of daylight 10 SUBURBAN HOMES. and midnight, affording Suburban residents an opportunity of being in the city at any reasonable hour, either for business or amusement. A midnight theatre train leaves the City every evening. 2d. Increased healthfalness. No comment is needed to convince the intelligent reader of the sanitary and moral advantages to be derived by exchanging the poisonous miasmatic odors of the gutters and yards, for the clear, pure atmosphere, blowing fresh from the open country, and laden with the fragrance of buttercups and violets, and new mown hay. 3d. Twice as much domestic comfort for the same, or even less, money. A man on a moderate income, or on a salary, can barely drag along and keep up a decent appearance, if living in the City. If he live in a flat, (that abominable imitation of a Parisian idea,) what privacy has he ? If he boards — worse yet ; for who does not know the grim horrors of a New York, (or in fact any other man's) boarding house ? And, if he keep house, he must pay, at least, from $1,500 to $2,000 rent, and as much more for his expenses. How, under such circumstances, is a man of a moderate salary to get along, and remain in New York ? Well, here — a correspondent of the iV". Y. Times tells how he does it, thus : " I have for the past two years kept house with a wife, three chil- dren and two servants, on an income of less than $1,200 per annum, and, trom present appearances, shall do it again this year. My plan is this : I spend what I need to live well, keeping a monthly account with the grocer, butcher, etc. ; I let the bills accumulate for a period of say two months, and at this time the treasury is empty and the bills considerable. Then — and this is a grand idea — my wife collects the bills and goes, with tears in her eyes, to her lather, pleads poverty, and talks the old man out of a check, and the crisis is met. The next time, to give him a rest, one of the inevitable well-off brothers-in law is called in requisition. This, you see, only happens twice a year to each, and it don't hurt them much, so we swing along. The above is the only feasible plan I see, and is, I know, the most common way. No young man, in my opinion, has a right to marry unless his father-in-law keeps a bank account, and unless the marriage brings him a couple, at least, ol moneyed brothers-in-law." But, if you haven't any such father or brothers-in-law, take good advice, young man, and get yourself a Suburban Home. 4th. Ton are paying rent into your own pocket. With a payment of a few hundred dollars, say Irorn $300 to $500, you can secure pos- SUBURBAN HOMES. 11 KT E! "TOT" C3r jA. 33 H- IE3 9 Patented April 25th, 1S7J , — BY — O . G-RAHAM & SON, ELIZABETH, JV. J. Applicable to French Roofs of any siz^ or description, forming a great and ac knowledged improvement in the ornamentation of French Roots, destroying tne mo otony of continuous slating, ai«d presenting to the eye a beautiful, bold and characteristic feature. DESIGNS ITURISriSIIED, Embodying said Patent in various styles ; also Plans, Specifications and Working drawings. ALSO THE RIGHT TO USE SAID PATENT DESIGNS. c. graham: & SON", Elizabeth, IV. J. Designs can be seen and orders will be received at our office. A. J. BICKNELL, & CO., 27 TTarren £t., X. Y. 12 SUBURBAN HOME session of a house and ground worth, say $7,000, agreeing to pay interest on the principal for five years, and to pay a small annual instalment on the purchase money beside. Thus the money you would otherwise hand a landlord is applied toward the payment of your own house, and at the end of a few years the house is not your landlord's, bat your own. Hundreds of young men, with but a small cash capital, have in this way, within the past five years, become pro- perty-holders in the suburbs. 5th. Your property will appreciate on your hands. The constant influx of new comers, and the demand for real estate, so rapidly enhances its value in the suburbs, that the judicious buyer cannot fail, at any time he may desire to sell, to realize a handsome profit on his orignal investment. The writer has in mind a certain tract in the City of Paterson, which, a year or two ago, could have been bought for a few hundred dollars per acre, but which now is divided up into lots which command from $800 to $1,000 each. So, since comfort, health, economy, self-interest, and the hope of future wealth, all combine to point out to the prudent and careful man of family the unquestionable advantages of acquiring a home, " Just without the rush and bustle Ol the city's throbbing heart." it next becomes a matter of fully equal importance, that the pros- pective purchaser shall determine where, and on what line of road he can most satisfactorily locate. A man, who by economy, care and self-denial, has managed to accumulate a few hundred dollars in bank, is not going to invest that money in real estate heedlessly or hastily. He will visit the various suburbs, closely note the means of communication, ascertain the value or fluctuations in real estate in each locality ; find out whether there is good water, a grocery store, church, school house, etc. ; see what indications of progress and im- provement are visible, and, after all this, will finally settle down where the best accommodations are offered at the most reasonable terms. And it is just this very process of reasoning that has sent, during the last five years, thousands of people of moderate means, to buy homes, and SUBURBAN HOMES. 13 settle down in the beautiful region adjacent to the Eastern Division of the Erie Railway. Says the iV. Y. Commercial Advertiser, of a recent date : " The growth of the suburban regions about the Metropolis has been nowhere more surprisingly rapid and substantial than along the line of the Erie Railway. Growing and thrifty cities and towns like Passaic, Paterson, Goshen, Middletown and Port Jervis all testify, in their prosperity and promise, to the infusion of new business elements, while on every knoll and hillside along the line, villages and hamlets, and attractive villas appear to have suddenly sprung into existence, or obtained a new and magical growth. Aside from the natural advantages, much of this progress is due to the far-sighted enterprise of the Erie Railway Company in establish- ing low rates of commutation, affording frequent and, comfortable means of communication, and offering every reasonable facility and encourage- ment to residents along its line." For the guidance of those, therefore, who, having concluded to re- move to the country, are yet undecided where to settle, is submitted a brief statement of the Superior Advantages Offered by the Erie Railway to Suburban Home Seekers. Frequency of Communication JJp-town and Down-town. Swift and spacious ferry boats leave the foot of Chambers Street every fifteen minutes, and the foot of Twenty-third Street every half hour, con- necting with trains at the Jersey City Depot. Some forty trains, in all, depart daily for the various stations herein mentioned. There are half-hour trains toicard the city in the morning between seven and nine, and from the city between four and six - . During the re- mainder of the day, trains leave about every hour for all principal stations. There is also a train leaving Chambers Street at midnight, for the especial accommodation of theater goers. Clean Roomy Coaches. The Coaches of the Erie Railway being of the broad gauge pattern, are over a foot wider than those in ordinary use, and there is consequently, a proportional increase of comfort for the traveler. The wide, roomy seats affording abundance of space for seating two persons, form a striking contrast with the close quar- ters to be found in the narrow gangs coaches on other lines. 14 SUBURBAN HOMES. Low Hates of Gomm utation. The inducements offered to commuters by the Erie Railway Company, have been so liberal in comparison with the oppressive rates charged by most of the lines running out of New York City, as to add greatly to the local popularity of the road. For particulars, the reader is referred to the commutation tariff at the beginning of the book. Natural Advantages. There is no more lovely or fertile country about New York, than the historic region through which the Eastern Division of the Erie winds its course. All varieties of productive indus- try here find a busy exemplification. Fruit-growing, stock-raising, mining and manufactures, each in turn are brought to the traveler's mind as for the first time be is whizzed along over the landscape The soil is rich and productive, the climate beautiful, the air pure, and the sceuery at some points as lovely as any that ever made, Switzerland famous. Church and Sclwol Facilities. It will be observed, in a perusal of this work, that there is* scarcely a village or town mentioned herein, that does not possess one or more churches and public schools. Facili- ties for religious and intellectual training, therefore, are not neglected in Suburban Homes. But, reader, the proof of the pudding is the eating of it. Why should we stand talking of this matter? Let us start and have a ride over the road, and see it for ourselves. Come — the whistle is blowing; we had better be aboard; there, the bell rings, the great engine puffs, and away we go from the Depot, through a wide wilder- ness of tracks, intersecting each other, and branching away in switches, and curves, and sidings in all directions. Ah ! these seats are comfortable. That's where the advantage of the Broad Gauge comes in, you know. Look ! there is the tunnel, a mile or more in length, cut through the solid rock of Bergen Hill- There are houses and flower-gardens, and deep wells and horse-cars far above our heads as we whiz along in the dark. By the way, it will be some little time before we get to the first station, so I should like to have you listen to this vivid description of a railway ride SUBURBAN HOMES. 15 which Charles Dickens has given us in " Dombey and Son." Ah ! now we come into the light, so I'll read : "Away with a shriek and a roar and a rattle from the town, burrowing among the dwellings of men and making the streets hum, flashing out into the meadows for a moment, mining in through the damp earth, booming on in darkness and heavy air, bursting out again into the sunny day so bright and wide. Away with a shriek and a roar and a rattle through the fields, through the woods, through the corn, through the hay, through the chalk, through the clay, through the rock, among objects close at hand and almost in the grasp, ever flying from the traveler, and a deceitful distance ever moving slowty within him. " Through the hollow, on the height, by the heath, by the orchard, by the park, by the garden, over the canal, across the river where the sheep are feeding, where the mill is going, where the barge is floating, where the dead are lying, where the factory is smoking, where the stream is running, where the village clusters, where the great cathedral rises, where the bleak moor lies and the wild breeze smooths or ruffles it at it's inconstant will ; away with a shriek and a roar and a rattle, and no trace to leave behind but dust and vapor. "Breasting the wind and light, the shower and sunshine, away and still away it rolls and roars, fierce and rapid, smooth and certain, and great works and mas sive bridges, crossing up above, fall like a beam -of shadow, an inch broad upon the eye, and then are lost. Away and still away ; onward and onward ever; glimpses of cottage homes, of houses, of mansions, rich estates of husbandry and handicraft, of people, of old roads and paths that look deserted, small and insignificant, as they are left behind. Away with a shriek and a roar and a rattle, plunging down into the earth again, and working on in such a storm of energy and perseverance, that, amidst the darkness and whirlwind, the motion seems reversed and to tend furiously backward, until a ray of light upon the wet wall shows its surface flying past like a wet stream. Away once more into the day, and through the day, with a shrill yell of exultation, roaring, rattling, tearing on, spurning everything with it s dark breath, sometimes pausing for a minute where a crowd of faces are that in a minute more are not. Sometimes lapping water greedily, and before the spout at which it drinks has ceased to drip upon the ground, shrieking, roaring, rattling through the purpte distance." There, reader, was there ever a description more vivid than that, and does it not apply with remarkable accuracy to a ride betweem Jersey City and Paterson ? If you had been over the distance as often as I have, you would (but for the allusion to a cathedral) be ready to believe the author had, in writing, this particular ride in his mind. Ah ! here we come to the Hackensack Bridge, and see ! beyond there 16 SUBURBAN HOMES. is the junction where the Hackensack Branch road diverges. Of that hereafter. For the present, our destination is straight ahead. Do you see that bright sunny hillside, stretching away on both sides of the track in advance of us? There is where we shall make our iirst stop. Here we are at RUTHERFORD PARK, formerly known as Boiling Spring, and distant ten miles (or forty min- utes' ride) from Chambers or Twenty-Third St. Depot. A neat and tasteful depot, erected at a cost of $6,000, and at the joint expense of the company and the citizens, welcomes the visitor alighting from the train. Here daily twenty-three trains come and go, twelve for, and eleven from, the city — and at any hour between daylight and dark the depot is a scene of busy life. The growth of population and business here has been astonishing. A few years ago, and this hillside, now dotted with churches aud stores and villas, was a quiet little hamlet, which the whizzing trains were wont to pass unnoticed. But, to-day, behold a rapidly growing and a prosperous town, stretch, ing away on both sides of the railway track, to Carlstadt on the north, and the Passaic River on the south, intersected by broad well- graded avenues, with plank walks at the side, and adorned by resi- dences, churches, and public buildings, which, in architectural taste and finish, would be a credit to any modern city. Rutherford Park is situated upon an elevated rolling ridge from 100 to 150 feet above tidewater, its soil is rich and easily cultivated, and the water which bubbles out on both sides of the ridge is claimed by chemical analysis to be of the highest standard of purity. From the Depot three fine boulevards, Orient Way, CJnion Avenue and Park Avenue, stretch away as radii, the latter extending directly through to the bank of the Passaic, which at this point is navigable for vessels of two or three hundred tons. By this means heavy sup- plies, such as coal and lumber, can be landed at the village ; with the lesser articles of daily use, butchers, grocers, bakers and icemen call at the door. SUBURBAN iiUMUS. 17 A French Cottage, From A. J. BICKNELL & CO., Architectural Book Publisher^, 27 Warren Street, New York. 18 SUBURBAN HOMES. The drives and rambles in and about the Park embrace many scenes of interest and beauty. From the summit of Mount Rutherford, an entrancing panorama meets the eye. To the South and West, the Orange Hills loom up, blue and misty in the distance, while nearer, the spires and roofs of Newark gleam in the morning sun. Directly be- neath, the beautiful Passaic on the one side wanders through its .shaded banks, past groves and parks and quiet homes, and on the other the Hackensack, winding like a silver thread through the wide waste of meadows, leads the eye to the distant Bays of Newark and New York, the villa-dotted hills of Staten and Long Island, and a glimpse of the sea beyond. To the north may be seen Passaic, Carlstadt, and Hacken- sack, and beyond, the Palisades sloping inward to the sea of green. Within a radius of six miles are the cities of Newark and Paterson, Llewellyn-Park, Orange, Bloomfield, Montclair, Passaic, Belleville, Hackensack, Franklin, and Lodi, all thriving places. But the visitor need not go beyond the limits of the village itself in search either of a pleasant ramble, or of material for admiration Here and there are residences, owned and occupied by New York business men ; superb in finish, with conservatories, hot-houses and nurseries, and surrounded by the highest degree of cultivation. There are four churches, an Episcopal, a Baptist, and two Presbyterian, one of the latter of which, built of stone, was constructed at a cost of $15,000. There are two public and three private schools, one of the former occupying a fine two-story building erected by the enterprise of the citizens. As to the healthfulness of the Park as a place of residence, all testi- mony concurs. The impression naturally received by strangers in crossing the salt meadows is that there must be some sanitary objec- tion. But, as evidence to the contrary, there exists the fact that fam- ilies have lived immediately on the verge of the meadows for gener- ation alter generation, and that in almost every household there may be found people of a ripe old age. Still further, it maybe mentioned, the State authorities are taking active measures to drain the salt meadows and convert them into fertile farm lands. From Rutherford Park, the railway, ascending the bed of one stream to the summit, and descending again to the bed of another, emerges SUBURBAN HOMES. 19 from the cut at the Bleachery, and brings the passenger to the valley of the Passaic. Here a depot called SANTIAGO hiib b_..n . . ,.v,,i, ...v ... though not yet in use,and ashort distance beyond it stands the old fa m-liouse of the Holzman estate, a remnant of the days gone by, but by the aid of the architect converted to modern uses. This property has quite a history of its own, the whole of it having until a few years ago", belonged to the Holzman family, into whose possession, as shown by title deeds now on record, it came from one of the old time " Lord Proprietors " of New Jersey, to whom it was granted in 1627. A quarter of a mile further, brings us to PASSAIC BRIbGR, a massive structure spanning the river, and at the western end of which is the station building. The scene at this point is extremely picturesque ; from the high embankment, running along on a level with the tree-tops, one looks down upon the river behind him, skirted by a broad, well-graded avenue, to which the arriving passenger de- scends by a long stairway. Peeping out here and th^re from amid the trees are windows, colonnades and turrets, parts evidently of elegant and comfortable residences, modeled in exquisite styles of architecture, varying from the Gothic to the Chinese, while neat boat and bath houses upon the river front of each denote the refined tastes of the proprietors. Looking up the track on the left hand, one sees a rising ground, comprising many eligible building sites, fronting upon streets recently opened through, from Passaic proper, to the river. The conveniences of a residence here are not to be passed unnoticed. Every eastward bound train stops before crossing the bridge, thus affording no less than eighteen trains from this point to New York daily, while on the other hand, every train from the city stops either at this or the other side of the bridge, which is easily crossed by a ; ; SUBURBAN HOMES. Art Italian Villa. From A. J. BICKNELL & CO., Architectural Book Publishers, 27 Warren Street, New York. SUBURBAN HOMES. 21 plank foot-path. A handsome and commodious depot has been erected by the company here during the past year, to accommodate the growing travel from this portion (formerly known as Aquack. ononck) of the rapidly increasing and prosperous incorporated village oi PASSAIC, twelve miles from New York, and which, next to Paterson, is the most important point on the New Jersey line of the road. Four years ago the population was estimated at 1,200 ; to-day it is over 5,000, and is increasing with a rapidity which promises yet to make the place a formidable rival to its thriving neighbors, Paterson and Newark. The public spirit characterizing it3 citizens is unmistakably evidenced on all sides. The streets are from sixty to one hundred feet wide, well graded and planted with shade trees, the sidewalks are planked or flagged, the houses are of modern build, and at a reasonable distance apart ; the stores are, many of them, of brick, large enough and handsome enough to do credit to even some of our city avenues, and the entire village presents an aspect of thrift, neatness and pros- perity ; it covers a large extent of ground, and, viewed from Paulison Heights, would, by the casual observer be adjudged a place of twice its present population. Much of its growth is due to its large manu- facturing interests. The Dundee Manufacturing Company, an incor- porated association, by damming the river two miles above, furnish a fine water power, by which the shoddy mills of Waterhouse Brothers, & J. Basche, the bleachery of Jno. Watson & Sons, the Iron Foundry of Brandt, Post & Dorn, and the Print Works of Reed & Barry, are run. Adjoining these factories are grounds owned by the respective mill-owners, who have erected upon them rows of commodious cot- tages for the occupation of their employes, thus establishing about each scene of daily labor a little colony of those who from that labor derive their daily support. The school facilities of Passaic are upon a scale commensurate with the enterprise of its citizens. There is a new and elegant public 22 SUBURBAN HOMES. school building, three stories high, used both as a Grammar and Primary School, and erected at a cost of $30,000, and there are also four private schools, in two of which the higher branches are taught. There are seven churches, oae Episcopal, one Roman Catholic, one Baptist, one Methodist, one North Reformed, one Dutch Reformed, and one " Seceded True Reformed " Dutch, the latter church occupy- ing that perfect specimen of a village churchyard, as pictured in Gray's Elegy, which the railway track skirts at the entrance to the village. Comfortable rectories are attached to each church, and the congregations are, without exception, reported in flourishing condi- tion. Two weekly newspapers are published, Police and Fire De- partments are organized, and the streets and buildings are lighted with gas. One hundred new dwellings have been erected in Passaic during the past year. To the left of the railway are " the Heights," where four years ago only six houses could be counted, but where now loom up scores of stately edifices, vying with each other for the beholder's admiration. The view from the Heights is unsurpassed in beauty. To the north- west, Paterson and the beautiful Ramapo valley beyond, further south the Orange Hills stretching away into the distance, to the east the winding Passaic and the hills of Bergen, and immediately beneath, the village, hiding like a coy maiden, under its veil of green, all combine to enchant the beholder, and woo him to pass the remainder of his days in a spot so favored. In other natural advantages, too, Passaic abounds. Well-water is plentiful — the air is invigorating and healthful, and the surrounding country roads offer delightful drives, whether along the Old Plank Road with its antiquated mile and sign posts, to Paterson, the Weasel Road, to Dundee Lake, the River road to Newark, or over the Bergen Hills to Lodi and Hackensack. The frequent communication with New York (fifteen trains each way daily) has greatly contributed to attracting residents hither from the great city. Passaic is, to a great extent, inhabited by New York business men, who find their ride of forty-five minutes in comfortable cars each way no inconvenience or obstacle. SUBUKBAN HOMES. 23 Within a radius of a half miJe from the depot, there are offered at low rates three or four hundred acres of improved land for building purposes, the price per lot varying from $250 to $1,000, and per acre from $3,000 to $5,000. Passing on from Passaic station through a level meadow land, interspersed here and there with old farm houses and more modern dwellings, we come to HARRISON STREET, a station building, erected near the upper line of the village, by the owners of the adjacent property. Not long ago the traveler, in passing this point, might have imagined himself anywhere but in the vicinity ol a thriving village. Fields and fences, and two or three old-fashioned Jersey mansions, with their barns and sheds and out- houses about them, alone met his eye ; but mark what a rapid change time has wrought Fine, broad and well graded avenues crossing the track at right angles, and running straight as a die up the hillside on the one hand, and through to the Passaic river on the other; a park, already attractive in its surroundings; long lines of young shade trees, which, in their older growth, when this generation has gone, will cast their leafy shadows upon the streets of a busy city ; rows of exquisite cottages, equi-distant, and each surrounded by its flower-garden ; and here and there stately structures looming up beyond, all testify, more plainly than words can, how eager and how general has become the demand among New Yorkers for Suburban Homes. One mile further on, we come to CLIFTON. The village of Clifton, located between the manufacturing cities of Passaic and Paterson, is within the circle of the 14 mile radius from the City Hall, New York ; or, in railway parlance, 51 minutes from the foot of Chambers Street, with nine trains daily each way. 24 SUBURBAN HOMES. Beside having its own Post-office, Church and School, it is within easy walking distance of the kindred establishments of its elder sister, the town of Passaic. Not only in Clifton alone, but all about its neighborhood, are beautiful drives and pleasant resorts, among which is the drive over the Weasel Road to Arlington Heights and Dundee Lake ; the latter, a popular resort for boating and fishing, as well as its summer regattas. The location on the west side of the Erie track is unsurpassed, not only for the variety of its scenery, but for its healthfulness; the ground being a top soil, with a substratum of sand and gravel that readily absorbs all surface water, and rising on a series of gentle slopes from the depot building, until from its higher points the village of Little Falls and the Upper Passaic region are seen as a background to a magnificent panorama of beautiful landscapes. These slopes, and the nature of the soil, effectually prevent the formation of pools of stagnant water, those prolific scources of mal- arial fevers and tormenting mosquitoes ; these pests of new neighbor- hoods are consequently unknown at Clifton. Clifton Grove Hotel, on the Paterson and New York Plank Road, 12J miles from Pavonia or Hoboken Ferries, and near the depot, is a pleasantly-located, roomy and capacious building, erected by Mr. George V. De Mott, a gentleman to whose energy and foresight the village of Clifton is indebted for its present existence, and its prospects in the future. The Grove, opposite the Hotel, is also an inspiration of this gentleman, and is quite a popular resort for the better class of private picnic parties and schools, during the season. The residences already erected are of a good, substantial class, and are principally occupied by parties doing business in New York City. To the eastward of the railroad track, and fronting upon what is known as the " Weasel Road," about five hundred yards from the depot, stands a time-honored relic of days gone by, an old-fashioned stone mansion reared a century and a half ago. This quaint struc- ture possesses a rare interest for the antiquarian, not only on account of its elbow roof, its wainscoted walls and ceilings, its carved and SUBURBAN HOMES. 25 A NEW DEPARTURE FOR 1872. THE NEW OWNERS OF THE Clifton Property Will build this Spring a number of Which will be held for sale at prices varying from $4,000 to $7,000 each. Only a small payment of Twenty-five per cent. f Or about the amount paid for one year's rent in the city, is required to secure a home. These houses wili be sold to desirable parties only who wish to locate at Clifton. Or, it preferred, purchasers may select a plot and have their PLANS DRAWN FREE OF CHARGE. Every inducement will be offered to secure the settlement of families at Clifton. It is safe to predict that owing to the unrivalled Erie Railway accommodations, these Suburban Homes must double in value in a very few years. For further information, time-tables, &c, apply at the Clifton Office of GEO. V. De MOTT, opposite the depot, Clifton, or of DANIEL C. OTIS, 218 Fulton Street, (Room No. 3,) corner of Greenwich, New York. Arlington Heights ^ Dundee Lake. XlOUSES can be procured, or lots purchased in this favorite lo- cality, on the most accommodating terms. Apply to DANIEL C. OTIS, 218 Fwl ton Street, (room no. 2.) NEW YORK CITY. 26 SUBURBAN HOM^S. tiled chimney places, contrasting so strangely with the conveniences of more modern days, but from the fact that, during General Wash- ington's eventful campaign in Northern New Jersey, he found here, for a brief period, a secure retreat, and that from this doorstep the approach of the pickets of the British advance guard was first dis- covered. Those seeking a location will be repaid by devoting one day to the investigation of the claims of Clifton. To desirable parties, extra inducements and easy terms are the rule. City lots can be had for $150 or $200, and plots at from $500 to $1,000. About two hundred and fifty acres are offered for sale at these various prices. A quarter of a mile beyond Clifton, we pass through a deep cut in the sandstone rock, and, in turn emerging therefrom, pass ARLINGTON Depot, a neat and ornamental structure erected during the past year, for the convenience of future residents of the adjacent tract. This tract, located between the Erie Railway and the Passaic River, is high and healthful, commands a charming view of the adjacent county on all sides — and by the energy of it's owners, is being rapidly developed into a thrifty and growing settlement. During the past year, ave- nues sixty feet wide have been laid out, and there are already built, or in course of construction, five houses, occupied or engaged by New York business men. The opening of Lake View Avenue, eighty feet wide, from Paterson direct to Clifton Depot, through this tract, will form the finest drive in the vicinity. The following advantages are claimed for Arlington, viz : Easy access to the city; pure air; best of water; perfect healthful ness and a freedom from chills and fever and mosquitoes. (See adver- tisement.) A ride of another three-quarters of a mile, brings us to the thriving village of LAKE VIEW, fifteen miles (fifty-four minutes ride) from New York, and connected SUBURBAN HOMES. 2? with the Metropolis by nine trains each way daily. Within five minutes ride of the Paterson Depot, itself a suburb within the cor- poration limits, and connected with the business centre oi that city by the Paterson and Passaic horse railroad, this village offers, ia the beauty and healthfulness of its situation, and the enterprise oi its projectors, great inducements to the seeker after a Suburban Home. The grounds slope gently upward from the depot to the height of about one hundred feet, in a distance of half or three quarters of a mile, until at their summit one looks down upon a wide and varied landscape, embracing the shaded current of the Passaic and the fertile valley of the Paramus, hemmed in on the South by Weehawken Heights and the northerly slope of the Palisades, on the east by the Highlands overlooking the village of Hackensack, and on the north by the wild hills of the Ramapo. Placid upon the bosom of the scene, lies Dundee Lake, giving the place its name, and famous for its fishing, boating, bathing and skating facilities, while further to the right nestles, among hill and dale along the river bank, the village of Passaic. Turning, we see in the west, Garret Rock and the Preakness Mountains, "rock-ribbed and ancient as the sun," stand-' ing as grim and hoary sentinels over the busy clattering town at their feet. Three years ago, a number of far seeing and enterprising capitalists of Paterson, in anticipation of the increasing demand for Suburban Homes, formed themselves into a land improvement and building company, purchased here an entire tract comprising over 3,000 city lots, opened and graded a number of streets and avenues, (among which may be mentioned Crooks Avenue, one hundred feet in width, extending from Garret Rock on the west, to Dundee Lake on the east,) planted shade trees, put down sidewalks, erected from twenty to thirty dwellings, a commodious store and an elegant depot, and are now rewarded by the assurance that they have added a prosperous ward, (the Ninth) to the adjacent city. Each block is 300 feet deep, and divided into plots containing from three to four and a half city lots, which are offered at $300 to 500 per lot, for improved land, while 28 SUBURBAN HOMES. Is one of the Prettiest and most Complete On the line of the Erie Railway, 700 choice Building Lots, 50x150 feet, and a few neat cottages for bale on reasonable terms. Connected by Horse Railroad with Paterson, 8 trains daily to New York, splendid drives all about. For particulars, address JAMES CROOKS, President, Congress Hall, Cor. Main and Market Sts., PATERSON. JOHN J. BROWN Treasurer, 1st National Bank. M4DISOH $>&&$$ f Between Paterson and Lake View. About 300 lots for sale, for from $100 to $600. Maps and lists will be furnished, showing the price of every lot. Payments to be made $10 a month till one-third is paid ; balance on bond and mortgage. Address JAMES CROOKS, President. M. L. GUINZBURG, General Agent. iiffl.illl PAtiUti* Between Paterson and Lake View, ON THE ERIE RAILWAY. Many splendid streets graded through the property. A fine Park dedicated to the public. Lots for sale cheap, a price affixed to every one. Maps and price-lists to be had of JAMES CROOKS, President. CHRIS. McKIERNAN, Ajrent, 211 Market Street, PA1ERS0N, N. J. SLBURUAN HOMES. 29 unimproved land can be had at $1,500 per acre, and in either case, on liberal terms of payment. The company have established a skating rink and bath houses, the streets and avenues are lighted, and a spacious ice-house, large enough to store a summer's supply for the city of Paterson, has been erected. The streets are broad and well graded ; Lake View Avenue, running directly into the very centre of Paterson, has been graded to the width of one hundred and twenty feet, making it xhe finest thorough- fare in the State. The church and school facilities of Lake View are, owing to the means of frequent and regular communication with Paterson proper, identical with those possessed by the denizens of that city, with this addition, that a neat church has been built upon one of the principal thoroughfares, and a first-class boarding and day school has been opened during the past year. MADISON PARK. Before us, as we leave Lake View, we can see the chimneys, spires, and house-tops, standing out in relief against the sky, and to the left, the beetling cliffs of Garret Rock, seen hitherto only from a distance, loom high above the houses built up to their very base. Now we pass Madison Park, where a neat depot, not yet in use, has been erected for the convenience of future residents. Here too on the left, a high embankment diverging obliquely from the main track, marks the line of the Paterson, Newark and New York Railroad ; and now we see on either side houses, foundries, streets, sidewalks, shade-trees, churches and stores; the train slackens its speed, the whistle blows, and the brakeman, opening the door, calls out, PATERSON. The visitor, upon alighting, can form but little estimate of the extent or attractiveness of the city. The smoky chimneys, the dreary waste of railway track stretching away in both directions, the irregular rows of frame houses, and the vacant lots generously inter, spersed here and there, are but poor indications of the activity and beauty about and beyond them. Two massive edifices, the Dale Mills 30 SUBURBAN HOMES. and the Watson Manufacturing Co.'s Works, standing directly op- posite and in the rear of the depot, are, however, worthy of admiration, and prepare the visitor's mind for finding here a lively manufacturing city. And such indeed it is ! for from daylight to dark, during six long days in each week, thousands of its inhabitants, male and female, old and young, gain their livelihood amid the incessant clat- ter of spindles, the noiseless whirr of machinery, the roaring of the furnace fires, or the sharp ringing strokes of the hammer and anvil. For nature has endowed this locality with opportunities which the inventive genius and perseverance of man have developed into an enduring source of wealth. The Great and Little Falls of the Passaic river, the former of which are also unsurpassed in beauty of sur- roundings, furnish at this point a water power equal in the one case to two hundred and forty-seven, and in the other to seventy-eight undershot wheels. This fact it was which induced Alexander Hamilton to locate here, in preference to any other point, the " Society for establishing Useful Manufactures," an incorporated association* organized in the Middle States, mainly by his own efforts, and pos- sessing authority to hold a capital stock of one million, and real estate to the value of four millions of dollars. The act of incorpora- tion was signed in November, 1791, by the then Governor Paterson, in whose honor the place was subsequently given its name. The Society early turned its attention to cotton, silk and tobacco manu- factures, its cotton mill having been the first of its kind west of the Hudson ana the second on the continent, and the first cotton yarn spun in New Jersey was made in Paterson in 1793, the mill machin. ery being driven by oxen. The manufacture of silks has become one of the most important branches of industry in Paterson, sewing silk and machine twist being the kinds principally produced. Superior woven fabrics have been, however, produced in the mills of Mr. John Ryle, late Mayor of the city, whence came the large and beautiful silk flag that waved over the dome of the New York Crystal Palace ; more than one premium on Paterson silks attests the success here attending this branch of industry. SUBURBAN HOMES. 31 The enterprise of building houses by steam, is also a novelty in which Paterson claims the palm, one of her go-ahead citizens, Col. Derrom, not only offering to build complete homes for those who need them, but to sell also at extremely advantageous rates as well to men of moderate means, as to those in wealthy circumstances — a city lot or a villa plot on what is known as the " Willis Street Tract," a charming section in the easterly part of the city, accessible by three lines of horse cars, and within a short ride of the railway depot. The " Society for establishing Useful Manufactures " still largely controls the industrial interests of the city, though no longer directly engaged in manufacturing. In 1796, five years after its organization, it experienced severe reverses, but in 1802 revived again, and in 1814 was re-organized under the auspices of Mr. Koswell L. Colt, son of its first superintendent, and a near relative of Col. Samuel Colt, whose famous pistol factory had its origin in Paterson, in a stone mill known as the " Gun Factory." The Roswell House, a noble old time building, surrounded by a lordly domain, and known as the Colt family mansion, may be seen in the very heart of the city, and is oc- cupied by the present Superintendent of the Society, Mr. De Grasse B. Fowler. The locomotive works of Paterson, the Grant, the Rogers and the Dan forth works, furnish the country with an average of one locomo- tive per day, over three hundred having been shipped hence during each of the years 1869 and 1870. The famous silver-mounted and polished locomotive " America," which a writer has spoken of as being "the most majestic single contribution to the Paris Exposition," was sent over the Atlantic by the late Mr. Grant, of the Grant Works, at an immense cost, to contest (and successfully) the prize of merit with the astonished builders and mechanics of the old World. It would gratify a sense of national pride in home enterprise and industry, to describe at much greater length than is possible here, the Derrom Steam Joiner Works, the Iron Works, the Rolling Mills, the Boiler Works, and all the numberless other scenes of daily industry and skill in which this prosperous city abounds. But it is as a desirable place of residence for New York business men that it becomes our 32 SUBUliEAN JIU.MES. Italian Cottage, From A. J. BICKNELL & CO., Architectural Book Publishers, 27 Warren Street, New York. SUBURBAN HOMES. 33 A GREAT VARIETY OF CHOICE BUILDING SITES, AT THE People's r*£*,rl3L. Also, Suitable Sites for MILLS, between the Erie and the Midland Railway. ALSO SPLENDID VILLA SITES AT THE EAST SIDE, PATERSOr*, U. J., All, Very Cheap! FOR SALE BY The Derrom Land, Lumber and Building Co. YOU G^h^TST OES^S 1 .A. HOUSE BUILT WELL AND CHEAPLY, In any Style, or at any cost, From $600 to $100,000, BY The Derrom Land, Lumber and Building Co., Which Company will also furnish Lumber in any quantity, or Sashes, Doors, Blinds, or any part of a building. WHEN YOU VISIT PATERSON, Stop at The Derrom Steam Joiner Works AND LUMBER YARD, AND SEE ALL THE NOVELTIES IN BUILDING, Including Portable Dwellings, Natural Wood Hangings, new In. ventions in Building, etc., at Cor- Market and Paterson Streets, Near Erie Railroad Depot, PATERSON, N. J. 34 SUBURBAN HOMES. province to make its superior claims apparent. And in tins respect, the reader will understand that, in changing his place of residence from New York to Paterson, he does not by any means remove to the country ; he simply abandons great, noisy, troublous Gotham, with its bleak and inhospitable brick and stone walls and pavements, for a home in some quiet, retired shaded street, in a city which, numbering nearly forty thousand inhabitants, is, in regard to the elegance, com- fort and beauty of its churches and residences, unequaled within an hour's ride of New York ; he exchanges one city for another, but in that exchange, gains clean streets, pure healthful air and water, lovely drives and walks, church, school and other facilities of the best, and all within as easy access of Wall Street or the Park, as would be a residence in Sixtieth Street. In representing the claims of Paterson, therefore, they must be con- sidered as contrasting with those offered by such cities as Newark, Elizabeth, Flushing, Harlem, and the larger towns within businesg distance of New York. The older portion of the city has a quaint, old-fashioned air about it, the irregular streets, and curious crowding together of all varieiies of structures, giving it the antique appear- ance noticeable in many English or New England towns. But the impetus of late years given to population,* real estate and building improvements has been perceptibly felt here, and has evidenced itself in the rapid expansion of the city, (especially on the East Side,) the opening of many new streets, the construction of buildings as if by magic, and the improved value of real estate ; lots that five years ago sold for $100, to-day sell for $1000. During the year 1871, two handsome schools costing $100,000, and one private school costing $15,000, were completed ; also an Episcopal Church for $20,000, a Methodist Church for $10,000, and a Congregational Church for $fi0,000. .The investments during the past year in new mills and new stores, also amount severally to about $100,000 each, while a similar sum is to be laid out this year in the construction of another large public market. *The population of Paterson was in 1860. 20.000 ; in 1865, 24.000; in 1870, 34,000. in 1872, 36,500, a rate of growth almost unprecedented in the East. SUBURBAN HOMES. 35 The rambles and drives about Paterson include many charming views and points of interest. On the banks of the Passaic, near Dundee Lake, is the beautiful Cedar Lawn Cemetery, while over- looking, and almost directly within the city, are the famed Passaic Falls, an admirable decription of which we quote from an article entitled " Paterson, its Works and Ways," written and published some time ago by a prominent citizen * " The Great Falls of the Passaic are not only almost unmatched for picturesque surroundings, but almost unique in their configuration, having but one parallel, so far as known, on the globe, and that is the great fall of the Mosi-oa-tunya, "Sounding Smoke," or Victoria Palls, on the Zambesi River, in Africa, which although vastly exceeding the Passaic cataract in height and volume, is so exactly its counterpart in all essential features, that a bird's eye view of tbe one, with di- mensions not given, might be readily mistaken for the other. The main peculi- arity consists in the fact that, in both cases, the river leaps into a chasm of the rock, and, to an observer from up-stream, seems to disappear. Its bed below the falls forms an acute angle with that above, passing between tremendous walls of rock, sheer and smooth from summit to base in a narrow, clean-cut rift, through which the pent-up boiling current is shot with tremendous velocity, clear out into an elbow of the rock, cut as squarely as if by a mason's nicest art, and thence sharply turned back upon itself, churned and curdled into a mass of cottony flakes, which, first slowly circling about, as if resting, dart away to make the rapid descent over the rocky bed of the stream below. The course of the river at the falls is very much like the letter Z, the top arm representing the stream above, the inclined down-stroke the chasm into which it plunges, and the lower arm the course the current takes after passing out of the angle referred to above. The height of the fall is seventy-five feet. It varies very much in grandeur, at times, when the stream is low, a few silver threads only fluttering over the rock, so largely does the raceway draw upon the volume of the river. But always in the spring, and even after copious rain, the cataract is grand to behold, and some" times fearfully so. But the tremendous chasm of the cliffs, most awful when the water is low in the stream, is always, and always must be, a feature that the lover of the picturesque will study with admiration and interest. Over the chasm into which the river pours, a slender bridge has been thrown by the liber- ality and public spirit of Mr. John Ryle, the eminent silk manufacturer, who owns the grounds around the falls, which have been embellished by him at a considerable cost, and are always free to the public. From this bridge the best view of the cata- *The writer takes occasion to acknowledge much other valuable information derived from this touree, and incorporated in his description of Paterson. 36 SUBURBAN HOMES. ract is obtained. The " Valley of the Rocks," below the cataract, is also worth visiting, as are also the " Little Falls," three or four mile-! above, which, were it not for the vicinity of their more majestic neighbor, would have a celebrity which would attract visitors from afar." Paterson contains over thirty churches, embracing Presbyterian, Episcopalian, Methodist, Primitive Methodist, Reformed, Baptist, Con- gregational, United Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Holland, Swedenborgian, German-Presbyterian, Jewish, etc. Its schools, both public and private, are numerous and well conducted, its Orphan Asy- lum is a splendid public charity, its stores abound in the costliest and richest wares, and its markets, public and private, are unsurpassed for variety, excellence and cheapness. Six horse railroads, and efficient Police and Fire Departments, are among the benefits enjoyed, while a thorough system of sewerage, a rich dry surface soil, aud an atmo- sphere to which sea fogs, chills and mosquitoes are strangers, combine to render it most attractive as a place of residence. Twenty trains connect daily each way with the Metropolis. Paterson is also a prominent lumber mart, and the facilities for building are consequently proportionally enhanced. Extensive stone quarries and brick yards are, moreover, close at hand. THE EAST SIDE. The modern Paterson, lying eastward of the railway, on the high grounds adjacent to Broadway and Willis Streets, and possessing^ with the older neighborhoods, all the facilities, such as gas, water, and horse cars, that are enjoyed by denizens of large cities, is an attractive and delightful locality, and compares favorably in architec- tural and natural beauty with any city in New Jersey, or even in the country. Broadway, intersecting it from west to east, is a fine avenue lined with the residences of wealthier inhabitants. The aim of property-holders seems to be to encourage a good class of people to settle with them. With those who will be an acquisition to the community, they are willing to deal on exceedingly liberal terms. Low rates, a portion in cash down, and long time for the balance, are the inducements generally offered to good, bona-fide purchasers. About 8Ui3UllJiA:\ KOM.ii.-i, 87 lt||^^K^P.\ 1 . gi> 38 SUBURBAN HOMES. Si (2W&BMING Y-aEIETT OF BUILDING SITES, AT THE ONCE FAVORITE RACE-COURSE AT PATERSON, N. J. This whole property has been laid out into streets and avenues, a great many of which have been graded at a large expense, by the Riverside Land Improvement Company. "RIVERSIDE," is now on6 of the most flourishing suburbs ot Paterson, and is grow- ing in wealth and population very fast. It has TWO RAILROADS FROM THE WEST TO NEW YORK, running directly through it, the Erie Railway, and the Midland Railroad. A horse railroad connects Riverside with the heart Oi Paterson, the markets, schools, churches and entertainments, and the Great Falls ot the Passaic. Tmm S@wjmB2r ®f Bivmm&i&m is unsurpassed for quiet beauty. The Passaic River flows around this section of Paterson amid evergreen trees; mountains rise beyond and on the property itself ; there is a variety of hill, slope and dell, wood and plain — all which, in the days of the Paterson race course, made it one of the most favorite resorts of fashionable New York. During the last year, fully $100,000 worth of new dwellings have been erected at Riverside. ABOUT 2,500 LOTS, re now offered by the Company, at from Most Pavorablo Terms as to Time and Payment. 25x100 feet, are now offered by the Company, at from $300 to $800 each, on the S^™ Fuller particulars and Tlaps of the Property may be had of any of the officers of the Company, as below, or of Mr. James Bell, corner Market and Paterson Streets, Paterson, N. J., and the grounds will be shown to any who desire it. G, A. HOBART. CORNELIUS VAN WINKLE, Secretary, President. 1st Nat. Bank Building. JAMES VAN BLARCOM, TreasuriM-, 1st Na;. Bank Building. SUBURBAN HOMES. 39 two thousand acres, principally in the eastern and northern portions of the city, are in the market, at an average price of $000 per lot, and $1,500 per acre lor improve 1, and $200 per acre for unimproved. Terms one-third cash, balance on bond and mortgage for three or five years. Land can be had entirely on bond and mortgage, if dirties agree to build at once. Two or two and a half story houses, containing from sh to eight rooms, with two lots, can be had for from $3,500 to $7,000, in pleasant localities, and on very easy terms ; payment being made if desired on the instalment plan, — i. e., by paying a certain portion of the purchase money each month, during a period of two or three years. RIVERSIDE. In the north eastern section or Third Ward cf the city of Paterson, a delightfully located tract known as Riverside, and comprising some three thousand building lots, has attained a deserved popularity among purchasers of real estate, on account of its rich soil, high ground, healthful ness, scenery, and convenience of location. (See ad- vertisement.) A depot has been located here, trains stop daily, and the horse cars of the Paterson and Little Falls Horse R. R. Co., fur- nish frequent and easy communication with the central portions of the city. The property is in the hands of enterprising capitalists, who offer it to responsible purchasers at terms similar to those offered on the East side. Crossing the Passaic for the second time, from the trackway, run- ning along an elevated ridge, we gain a charming view of the open country beyond, sinking here into a valley, rising there in a hillside, and dotted all over with indication of agricultural wealth. Over- looking this scene, is located the depot of HAWTHORNE, nineteen miles (sixty-one raiuute^ ride) from New York, two miles 40 fcJUUUKBAN HUMES. from Paterson, and accessible daily by four trains each way. At this point, (the crossing of the Midland Railway,) inany improvements have been made; a fine boulevard, known as Fifth Ave"nue, has been opened to the summit of the hill on the right, which commands an ex- tensive view of th« adjacent country, and other streets and avenues are also being graded under the direction of property owners. Lots or plots, fronting upon avenues already opened or projected, are now offered for sale to bona-fide settlers, at from $100 to $400 per lot (50x200 feet), and $500 per acre improved, and from $100 to $300 unimproved. A healthful, breezy atmosphere, fine spring water in abundance, a good fruit and garden soil, and well-kept public roads are among the other inducements offered to purchasers. The District schools are close at hand, a flour and a woolen mill are in operation, and a church edifice is projected. The population is estimated at about 300. Thus far, since leaving the Jersey meadows, we have been travers- ing the section watered by the Passaic river, but now, leaving that pic- turesque stream behind, we pass northwestward through a fine-rolling country to the important village of JUDGE WOOD, twenty-two miles (an hour and a quarter's ride) from New York, and accessible daily by nine trains from, and seven trains to the Metropolis. Great interest is manifested in developing the natural resources of this place, which is the outlet for the manufactures and produce of a rich surrounding country. Streets are laid out, well graded, and of good width, and close at hand are a well kept hotel, several stores, butch- er, baker and barber shops, and coal and lumber yards, (the latter supplied direct from the forest and saw mills of Pennsylvania) all bearing testimony to a stage of progress. A few steps to the east- ward bring the observer to a view of the well-known fertile Pararnus Valley, about three miles wide and four miles long, walled in by thickly wooded hills affording a genial shelter to well cultivated farms, each, with its substantial dwelling and large barn, possessing an air of solid wealth and plenty. Here, in this peaceful vale, >L T KUKBAN HOMES 41 mmi mmmm mm FROM THE kHifilOAX III™ At every Exhibition since 1865. GEO. G : . R O C K .W O O ID , IVo. «-t."> Broadway, INT. Y. Photograph?, for sale, of Vil as, Country Seats, &c, by many of the leading Architects in the Country. Refers to Rich'd M. Hunt, Richard Upjohn, Carl Pheiffer, C. T. Hui/BTJRD, R. (r. HATFIELD, and all the leading Architects of New Fork— Messrs. Harper & Brothers ; W. R. Bark, Erie R'y. 42 Mr.JliJAX Li.OM.iiS. i^ltpjw' ;"""'•' ' Design of Suburban ResifJence. F .Mil A. J. BICKNELL & CO., Architectural Book Publishers, 27 Warren Street, XevvYorlc SUBURBAN HOMES. 43 " stretching in pensive quietness between " the sombre heights on either side, are scores of happy homes to which the turmoil and con- fusion of city life have never penetrated. In such a spot as this might the pastoral poet of old, reclining under the beach tree shade, have made the woods vocal at noonday with the notes of his reed, in praise of the charms of his rusiic sweetheart. Amaryllis. Surely, to a man of moderate leisure, no more lovely or attractive location than this within twenty miles of the great city can present itself. Within half a mile of the station two hundred acres of improved land may be purchased by the lot, at from $300 to $1,000. Within a radius of two miles, dwells a population of about fifteen hundred, nine-tenths of whom are well-to-do independent people, living comfortably, even elegantly, and upon the very fat of the land. There are Methodist, Dutch Reformed, Episcopal, and Roman Catholic churches, while in regard to educational facilities, the Ridgewood Academy, located a half mile from the depot, offers instruction in both the higher and lower branches, and several district schools afford opportunities as good as the average. A considerable number of young people from Ridgewood also attend school in Paterson or New York, eoino- and returning daily by railway, the special commutation or " scholar's tickets" being offered by the Erie Company at moderate rates. Twenty first-class buildings have been erected during 1871, and a church to cost $10,000 is contemplated. Among the public buildings also are two large halls used for fairs, concerts or public meetings, and a number of new residences are also in progress. The drives around the vicinity of Ridgewood abound in interest. Two miles distant is the thriving manufacturing village of Godwiusville, a fine view of which, it may here be remarked, is to be obtained from the hill, just west of the depot. As we leave this interesting spot, the road winds close to the moun- tain on the one side, and on the other is supported by a high embank- ment, overlooking some elegant villas below ; then, we are whirled through a heavy cutting of red sandstone, cross a stupendous arch or culvert of solid masonry, from the dizzy height of which we look down upon a pretty picture of a stream, a dam, a waterfall, and the 44 8UBUHBAN HOMES roof of a factory half bidden by the tree tops,, and, before we have ceased our exclamations of delight at the scene, find ourselves at HOHOKUS, twenty-four miles from New York, (an hour and twenty minutes ride) and accessible daily by seven trains each way. Hohokus is unquestionably one of the most picturesque and attrac- tive spots within easy reach of the great Metropolis. The Hohokus River, a pure mountain stream, affords water power for two large cotton mills on either side of the station, and the waters passing far beneath the heavy granite arch of the railway bridge, are over- shadowed by hills crowned with noble trees. The station lies on the western edge of the Saddle River Valley, long known as the " the fruit region," and noted for its rare loveliness of landscape, in whose quiet retreats are gathered a large number of fine country seats. Here is Joe Jefferson's " Paradise " home ; here the charming " Terraces " of Mrs. Victor, the novelist ; here the Old Manor House, wherein Aaron Burr wooed and wed the widow Pro- vost ; here the elegant villas of J. H. Rutter, J. J. Zabriskie, W. B. Ku Kuck, Wm. Libby, and others ; here the historic Paramus Church and its noble parsonage, a fine Methodist Church, a large Roman Catholic Church, a Lutheran Church, and a beautiful private school house. Lands are yet held to a considerable degree in large bodies, but can be purchased at from $250 to $500 per acre, according to location. For its healthfulness, absolute freedom from mosquitoes and mala- rial influences, its great beauty, its accessibility, the vicinity of Ho- hokus offers unequaled advantages to those seeking a country home. Two miles further on, a distance of twenty -six miles from the city, we come to ALLENDALE, reached by a ride of an hour and twenty-five minutes, and having the advantage of seven trains each way daily. The population, within SUBURBAN HOMES. 45 the radius of a mile, numbers between two and three hundred, many of whom are engaged in fruit raising, and with success, for the crop of apples, peaches and strawberries annually shipped hence to New York is immense. There is a public school, and the Methodist aud Lutheran congregations have church edifices centrally located. The property is generally owned by rich settlers, who evince but little desire to sell, but still there are one hundred or more lots to be had (measuring 50x100 feet) at $150 and $200, and farming land can be purchased at from $200 to $500 per acre KAMSEYS, two miles further on, is also the center of a thrifty fruit growing sec. tion. It is distant from New York twenty-eight miles (a ride of au hour and a ha-lf,) and in common with the other stations along this portion of the line, is reached by seven trains each way daily. To the visitor it has the appearance of a small thriving village, the population numbering about five hundred, within the radius of a mile. In the village proper there are three churches, a newly con- structed school house and public hall, two hotels, a market house, three stores, a coal and lumber yatrd, a carriage and sleigh manufactory, and a tannery. More strawberries are sent from this point than from any other. During a single day in the summer of 18G9, one hundred and ten thousand baskets, or one hundred and eighteen wagon loads, were shipped hence to New York. The ground in the immediate vicinity of the station is dry and well adapted for building purposes, and here a number of choice lots (50x100 feet,) sell at prices varying from $75 to $300. Within a half mile circuit, about three hundred acres of available land are offered at from $00 to $200 per acre. As we resume our ride, the appearance of the country gradually improves until two miles further on, the train stops at MAHWAH, as yet a small settlement, though pleasantly situated, and holding out many inducements to the lover of country life. The population, 40 SUBURBAN HOMES. within a mile of the depot, is estimated at over two hundred, and in the neighborhood are a public and private school, and churches of the Methodist, Reformed, Episcopal and Lutheran denominations. During the past year, 1871, a new depot has been erected at this point- Lots may be bought close to the depot, at $200 each, while within a mile the rates per acre vary between $200 and $300. Another ride of two miles brings us to SUFFERN, a village of some importance, as being the junction point of the Erie proper, (as originally constructed westward from Piermont on the Hudson,) with the Union railroad, over which, together with the Pat- erson and Ramapo, and New York and Paterson railroads, (all char- tered by the Erie Company for a term of years), we have journeyed from Jersey City to this point ; the track between Suffern and Pier- mont is now given up to the transportation of coal and heavy freight The village, which numbers six hundred inhabitants, is quite roman tically located. The landed proprietors, many of whom are wealthy, take much interest also in stock breeding and raising, and imported cattle and blooded horses, valued high up in the thousands, are here no rarity. Suffern boasts a good hotel, four well-stocked stores, churches of the Episcopal, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, and Methodist denomi- nations, two district schools, an Academy, and a Rolling Mill. The village contains the summer residences of a number of New Yorkers, while, annually, many families come hither to enjoy the pure health- ful mountain air, the good drives, and the romantic scenery of the adjacent region. Among the population, too, are included many em- ployes of the railway company, who here mid moderate rents and a convenient stopping place. Being a water station, Suffern has the advantage of nearly all passenger trains passing to and fro, and is connected with the city of New York (thirty-two miles distant, or one hour and forty minutes ride) by nine trains each way daily. The SUBUItBAM UO&KS. 4T theatre train leaving New York, every midnight runs to this point. From five to six hundred acres of eligible land can be purchased hereabouts, although it is held principally by rich owners, nut partic- ularly anxious to sell. Building lots, centrally situated, range from $200 to $500, but within half a mile of the depot, land may be had at $100 per acre. Leaving behind us this busy little railroad town, with its life-long clatter of wheels, and shrieking of whistles, we enter the historic and romantic valley of the Ramapo, guarded at its entrance by giant hills, standing as twin pillars at the gateway. By this route alone was communication during the days of '76 kept open with the shores of Lake Erie ; here is another headquarters of Washington, an old farm house standing silent and lonely, under the roof of which many of his let- ters, now extant, were dated. Further on, over the ridge towards the north, are still visible marks of intrenchments thrown up by the troops, and in the woods opposite, the camp fires of the French allies have left indelibly their traces upon the rocks. Yonder looms up in gloomy grandeur, the steepled peak of the Torne (High) mountain, from the summit of which, if one is willing to clamber thither through rock and fen, may be had a magnificent view, extending even to the harbor of New York, thirty miles away. Tradition says that General Washington was accustomed, from this elevation, by the use of his field glass, to watch the movements of the British fleet in New York Bay. A ride of a mile and a half up this picturesque valley, brings us to the village deriving from it its name of RAMAPO, distant from New York thirty-four miles, (an hour and fifty minutes ride), and reached by five trains each way daily. Here are located the far-famed Ramapo Car Works, and the Ramapo Wheel Works and Foundry, botli of them under control of what is known as tha Ramapo Manufacturing C'omparfy, established in 1790 by the Piersoa 48 SUBURBAN HOMES. family, in whose bands it still remains. The company own the lane} embraced within a circuit of thirteen square miles, (it having been granted them by letters patent some time during the last century.) and will not sell any part of it except to such purchasers as will guar- antee to erect a handsome residence, and expend a generous sum upon the grounds about it. The village itself, with a population of about four hundred, stands in the hollow to the right of the track, and is mainly peopled by the employes of the company and their families — the Car Works employing three hundred, and the Wheel Works and Foundry eighty hands. Some idea of the business done here may be formed from the fact that forty tons of iron are melted, two hundred car-wheels made, and one hundred and fifty tons of freight shipped away daily. Several gangs of men are also employed by the Erie Company in a grauite quarry upon the estate, from which, connected by a switch with the main track, is obtained granite used in ballasting and bridge building along the line. There are located in this village, a Presbyterian church, a district school, and a well supplied country store. The scenery and drives in the vicinity are most attractive, the country abounding in streams, which, while contributing vastly to the beauties of the spot, are also useful in furnishing water power for the thriving works of the com- pany. One mile beyond Ramapo, the road makes a sudden bend to the northward, emerging upon a wide fertile tract; just at this point is the junction of the Sterling Railway, a road nine miles in length, connecting with the famous Sterling Iron Mines, which, with the ad- jacent tract, were granted by Queen Ann under letters patent to Lord Sterling. These are the oldest iron works in the country, the fur_ naces having been erected in 1751, and the forge iu 1752. The first anchor made in the State was manufactured here in 1753. Steel was first made here in 1776, and the iron tor the chain, weighing 186 tons, which was sunk across the Hudson River at West Point to obstruct the passage of the British fleet, was procured here, and transported by ox carts brought from Connecticut, to the place where it was destined SUBURBAN HOMES. 4£> for use. It is claimed at the present day that these mines are as pro- ductive as any in the country, 300 tons of ore being shipped daily. The town of Ringwood, inhabited by the miners and operatives and their families, and finding its means of communication with the outer world and the Metropolis by the Sterling Railway, contains several elegant residences, one, it is said, valued as high as $150,000. But one train each way daily stops at Sterling Junction, preclud- ing therefore any idea, for the present, at least, of its eligibility as a site for Suburban homes. It may be stated that improved land is estimated at $200 per acre. Continuing on for another mile, we come suddenly upon a village reposing calmly in the shadow of the hills, and seemingly shut in from rude contact with the outer world. This is SLOATSBURG, thirty-six miles (two hours' ride) from New York, and reached by four trains daily. Glancing through the dense foliage, we catch pic- turesque glimpses of n umerous houses lining the base of the precipitous hillsides. There is here a population of 300, and the village boasts a public and private school, a church (Methodist,) a twine manufactory working eighty hands, a shoddy mill, two stores and a lumber yard. Beside being in a productive lumber region, Sloatsburg acquires an importance as being the nearest railroad point to several bodies of water, Truxedo, Portague. Shepard's and Sterling Lakes, all favor, ite resorts of the moi-e knowing of lzaac Walton's disciples. There is good hunting, too, on the mountains at the proper season, and near the village is " Good Spring," the Chalybeate water of which possesses rare medicinal propeities. Land here is offered at reasonable prices, there being 150 acres within half a mile of the depot, and along the line of the Ramapo river, available at from $")0 to $200 per acre, and $100 per lot. Most of the domain hereabouts is owned by the Sloat family, to whom it was assigned in 1738 by five Indian Chiefs, and the original deed of 50 SUBURBAN HOMES. conveyance, drawn up in a jargon of High Dutch and Indian combined, is shown to this day as a literary curiosity. Six miles beyond Sloatsburg, at a point where a pond known as the Mombasha Pond finds its outlet to the Ramapo, (which by the way in the Indian tongue signifies " the river of round ponds ") is SOUTHFIELDS, a little village of 300 inhabitants, distant forty-two miles from New York, and reached daily by four trains each way. Close at hand are situated the Monroe Iron Works, erected in 1805 by Messrs. William and Peter Townsend, and still in operation, employing at the present time forty hands in the manufacture of pig iron. There is also at Southfields a fruit basket factory, employing about sixty hands, the neighboring brush supplying abundance of material for this trade, together with hoop-poles, which are cut and shipped away in large quantities by the country people. There are two summer hotels, (one near, and the other about a mile from the depot,) a public school and a Methodist Church. Within a quarter of a mile from the station, there are 1,500 acres of land to be had at $100 per acre improved, and $75 to $80 unimproved. A short distance beyond Southfields, we pass the ruins of the Augusta Iron Works, established in 1783-4 by Solomon Townsend, of New York, and owned by the Lorillard family. There are said to be 13,000 acres of land, principally wooded, attached to these works. At this point, the Ramapo has a perpendicular fall of twenty feet, furnish- ing water-power second only to that of the Passaic at Paterson. These iron works were celebrated in their day, the iron sent from the Sterling mines having been here forged into the chain stretched across the Hudson at West Point, to check the progress of the British fleet. GREENWOOD, forty-four miles (two hours and ten minutes ride) from New York is our next stopping place. From the summit of one of the picturesque SUBURBAN HOMES. 51 hills, lining the valley on either side, may be obtained a view of the distant Kaatskills. But the chief features of interest here are the immense iron furnaces of Mr. R. P. Parrott, (originally known as the Orange Furnace, established in 1811-12 by Messrs. Cunningham) en- gaged in the manufacture of the famous Parrott guns. About two hundred people reside here, a majority of them deriving a livelihood from the Iron Works or the neighboring iron mines, the O'Neal and West Greenwood, both of which are in successful operation. For a village of its size, Greenwood possesses unusual religious facilities, there being three church societies, an Episcopal, Roman Catholic and Methodist, with a parish school under the direction of the rector of the former. There are also two district schools well attended. Embowered amid the foliage on the adjacent hillside, are the cottages of a little band of inhabitants whom the people of the village term Gypsies, doubtless on account of the secluded wildness of their life, and their clannish disposition. Like the genuine " Roramanies," they employ their time in weaving baskets and fashioning wooden dishes, plates and spoons, and a variety of utensils for sale. Nature has indeed been bountiful toward this locality. The scenery is exceedingly picturesque, and there are in the mountains several lakes of the purest water, well stocked with pickerel, black bass and other tempting prey for the angler. After we leave Greenwood, the valley begins to open away on either Bide, disclosing rich fields and pasture grounds. Two miles progress brings us to Newburgh Junction, the point at which the Short-cut to Newburgh diverges from the main line. We shall follow up that thread some other day. For the present, our route lies straight for- ward for another two miles to TURNERS, forty-eight miles from New York, (one hour and fifty-five minutes ride by Express), and reached daily from each direction by ten (including Express) trains. The village proper, being located at the intersection of several turnpike roads, was formerly known as C^nterville, and was 52 »: IiUHJBAN HOMES. SUBURBAN HOMES. 53 for a time quite a center of population aud business. Its more recent name was bestowed in honor of one of its substantial patrons and residents. The magnificent brick building, the Orange hotel, 300 feet long, forty-five feet wide, and three stories high, which the Erie Company erected here a few years ago at a cost of $140,000, for use, as a dining hall, depot and hotel, has made the place as familiar as a household word with the traveling public. The lower floor of this immense caravansera is devoted to the purposes of a depot and ticket office, and a mammoth lunch room, over two hundred feet in length, completely fitted up, and admirably ventilated. Here all Express train passengers stop for meals, only to resume their journey in a vastly bettered and more contented frame of mind and body. Situated, as this hotel is, in the very heart of the richest dairy section of the State, enjoying a healthful location, and commanding a wide and picturesque landscape, it offers unequalled attractions to the city resi- dent, yearning for a few days of country quiet, a few whiffs of pure mountain air. Looking out from the window of any one of the ele- gantly furnished bedrooms or parlors upon the second floor, one sees on all sides a succession of sloping hillocks rolling away into fertile valleys, dotted with farm houses, substantial barns, orchards, and wheat-fields as far as the eye can reach, while in the distance the spires of Newburgh and Fishkil!, and the silvery waters of the Hud- son, may be discerned. In the hotel one finds all the conveniences of city life, gas-lights, hot-air pipes, bath-rooms, a telegraph office, and in short all the appointments of a first-class public house in the Me- tropolis, while, should the visitor feel disposed to ramble abroad, and admire the beauties of nature, he may, within a circuit of two or three miles, come upon no less than six lakes, set like glittering gems in the emerald verdure of the mountain tops. The village proper, which is principally located beyond a knoll or rising ground on the left of the depot, numbers a population of 1,000, has two public schools, four stores, and another well condncted hotel. The Methodist and Presbyterians each have organized societies here ; the former have erected a church building during the past year, while the latter, a> ye:, hold their meetings in the public school house. 51 SUBURBAN HOMES Until quite recently, land in this vicinity has been held by parties unwilling to sell, but it has now been divided up, and may be had within convenient distauce from the depot, and in any reasonable amount, at $500 per plot for building purposes, or $200 per acre !or farming land. Within the past two or three years, an unwonted impetus has been given to property thereabouts, considerable land has changed hands, many new and tasteful villas or country seats have been erected, and there is every promise of a thriving and busy town growing up upon this picturesque spot, before many years shall have flown. One great advantage in a railway point of view, lies in the fact, not only that all passenger trains s,op, but also, that a Special train, the Orange Co. Express, is run daily to and from New Yoik, without any intermediate stoppages, thus bringing Turners, to all practical purposes, ten or fifteen miles nearer in communication with the city. This fact alone has induced many wealthy New Yorkers to purchase Suburban homes at this point on the line. And now, leaving Turners, we enter a long stretch of fertile farm- ing and pasture land, a land literally flowing with milk and honey. Only half an hour ago, the rocky battlements of the Hamapo hills hemmed in the view, but now a glance from the car window discloses a vista of meadows, cottages and orchards on whatever shle we turn. The contrast is refreshing, yet before we have had half enough time to appreciate it, we find ourselves at MONROE, distant fifty miles, (two hours and forty-five minutes ride) from New York, and reached by six trains daily. To the admirer of pastoral scenes, this quiet village, with its thickly shaded streets, and houses embowered in foliage, presents a charming theme for contemplation, and Longfellow's description of the peaceful Acadian village of Grandpre is involuntarily recalled to the visitor. The population numbers from four to five hundred, a great number of whom are engaged in the milk trade, which has rendered the name of Orange County famous the country over. Four thousand gallons, SUliUKBAN HOMES. 55 or over two hundred and fifty cans, are shipped hence every evening to the Metropolis, to be distributed from house to house by the milkmen on each following morning. The railway company's annual receipts for freight on milk from this point alone amount to $70,000. During the last year, a steam mill and elevator have been added to the useful industries of the village. Monroe was first settled in 1742, under the name of Smith's Clove ; next, was christened with the singular title of Cheese Cocks; in 1802 became Smithfield ; and finally, ^six years later, settled down into its present name, bestowed in honor of the President. History and tra- dition tell some hard stories of its first settler, Claudius Smith, a u Cow Boy" chieftain, who, after in ureters and depredations oi all kinds in the Ramapo section, was hung in Goshen by the Whigs in 1779. But the inhabitants of Monroe to-day are of altogether another stock* and as a community, are industrious, enterprising and thrifty. The village contains churches of the Episcopal, Presbyterian and Metho- dist denominations, a well conducted grammar and primary school, a flouring mill, six or eight grocery and dry goods stores, and a drug store. Considerable travel is brought to this station on account of its being the point from which stages connect with the summer hotels at Greenwood, and the adjacent lakes, about ten miles distant, and knowing tourists invariably assert that there are no resorts so roman- tic, so bracing, so enjoyable in every way, as are these mountain lake hotels, with their facilities for fishing, loathing, and boating, and their cool, healthful atmosphere. Nature has also endowed this locality abundantly, there being a blue flag-stone quarry, and three iron mines in operation near at hand. The property in the neighborhood is mostly owned by wealthy landed proprietors, and there is consequently but little, comparatively, in the market. But plots may be had, nevertheless, in the village at from $125 to $700, and one may buy farm land from $100 to $200, by the acre. OXFORD, fifty-two miles (three hours' ride) from New York, and having the ad- 56 SUBURBAN HOMES. vantage of five trains daily, is our next stopping place. From this station, the meadows slope away on either side, in successive pastures over which roam herds of grazing cattle, until, in the distance, the eye rests upon the conical summit of the Sugar Loaf. Here too, the milk trade employs a goodly number of the villagers, over 2,000 gallons being daily shipped to the city. The population numbers only a hun- dred or two, but there are two public schools, (within a mile of the depot) a good store, a Methodist Church, and a meetinghouse used by the Friends' Society. The farmers in the vicinity are generally will- ing to take a few boarders during the summer months, and find no difficulty in thus filling up their vacant rooms in warm weather. Within two hundred rods of the depot, there are about forty acres of land available for building purposes, which may be had at from $100 to $250 per lot, while farming land further removed is offered at the same price per acre. Two miles beyond Oxford, the road emerges from this rolling country upon a range of level marshy fields one mile in breadth, but extending many miles in length, and evidently, at a remote period, the basin of some great body of water. In the construction of the road at this point, it was found necessary, from the softness of the soil, to build the track upon a causeway of huge piles, six feet apart, and driven down ninety feet into the earth. The track is thus raised con- siderably above the meadows, and is filled in solidly with earth. The ground hereabouts is very fertile, and is devoted to the raising of garden products, which are shipped away annually in immense quanti- ties by the farmers. Surrounded by the meadows, is our next stopping place, the little hamlet of GREYCOURT, with a population of about one hundred, and chiefly important as the point whence diverge branch roads to Newburgh and to Warwick, of which we shall take a survey hereafter. There are two small pub- lic houses and a few residence*, the inhabitants finding their church and educational facilities in the adjacent village of Chester. Agri- SUBURBAN HOMES. 57 cultural pursuits afford a livelihood for nine-tenths of the residents, considerable milk being shipped from here, and two hundred acres out of seven hundred, composing the Greycourt meadows, being under cultivation. There is here abundant opportunity for some enterpri- sing capitalists to realize a handsome fortune by developing the inex- haustible peat resources of these boggy meadows, and utilizing the material for the purpose of fuel. The land may bought at from $150 to $800 per acre. One mile beyond Greycourt, and at the farther verge of the mead- ows we have crossed, stands the considerable village of CHESTER, fifty-five miles from New York, and accessible by five trains daily. It is divided into East and West Chester, separated by a high hill topped with neat dwellings, surrounded by gardens. East Chester, lying near the station, possesses numerous storehouses as indications of the amount of business done here. The population is about 1,500, many of whom, as at Monroe, are engaged in the milk trade. An unromantic bu^ remorseless fact it is, that men, as a general thing, discharge the functions of the buxom dairy maid hereabouts. It will, mayhap, bring a tear to the eye of the reader to learn that from this point, 50,000 bushels of onions are annually shipped to the New York market. So fertile and cultivated is the rich black soil of the adjacent meadows, that, upon four acres owned by a public-spirited citizen, a crop of these esculents, realizing a profit of $1,200, was raised one season. There is evident in Chester a certain enterprise, and co-operation among its citizens, from which many larger towns might well take example. It has two churches, a Presbyterian and a Methodist, aud also boasts a Bank (the Chester National.) In school facilities especially it is progressive, the Union Free Academy being an insti- tution of learning in which the citizens exhibit a justifiable interest and pride. It embraces primary, grammar and academic depart- 59 SUBURBAN HOMES. inents, and a Museum of Natural Sciences, and the edifice which it oc* cupies has recently been enlarged by an outlay of $25,000. Lots may be purchased at from $300 to $600, and farms at from $125 to $200 per acre. This does not, however, embrace the rich meadow land which is held as high as $1,000 per acre. From this point the road passes through the hill above the village by a deep cut, and brings us to the very centre of Orange County, with every inch of soil mapped out into smooth-shaven slopes. The farm houses look neat and substantial, and after an interesting ride of five miles, we enter the far famed town of GOSHEN, sixty miles (two and a half hours ride) from New York, and accessible by eight trains daily. This beautiful town is located on a broad and cultivated table land, surrounded by an amphitheatre of gently slop- ing hills. It is, with the exception of Paterson, the most important commercial point we have reached since leaving New York, being the natural centre of the great milk trade of the Walkill, and the Otter- Kill Valleys. Here are produced the famed Goshen butter and cheese. The town itseif is one of the oldest and wealthiest in the State (it having been first settled in 1712, and incorporated in 1809,) and is, jointly with Newburgh, the county-seat of Orange County. Its avenues and streets are broad and well shaded, and its private resi- dences tasteful, and adorned with all the beauty of surroundings which modern landscape gardening can give. The salubrity of its atmosphere, the fertility of its soil, the luxuriance of its vegetation, the ever-changing beauties of its private parks, leafy avenues and roadside hedges, invest it with a quiet charm unknown to most of our surburban towns. The great wealth of many of its residents has been freely expended in contributing to the attractiveness already conferred by nature. The drives through the adjacent country abound in scenes of interest to the visitor, while the famous trout brooks of Sullivan and Ulster Counties, and the game covers of Cedar Swamp, the Warwick Woodlands and the Great Wild Meadows, where wood- SUBURBAN HOMES. 59 FARMS, DWELLINGS, LOTS, COUNTRY SEATS, AND ALL KINDS OF CMAia Over $3,000,000 worth of REAL ESTATE For Sale at Low Prices and on Easy Terms; EVERY TOWN IN ORAN&E COUNTY HAS A RAILROAD. We have properties in every town. PROPKKTIES EXCHANGE!!). MILLS «fc KIMBER, P. O. BOX 2. l revolutionary patriotism nowhere burned brighter than here. It La said that a portrait of King George over the Court House entrance was torn down on the morning after the reception of the news of the first conflict with the British troops, and never to be replaced. Here stands, too, the Minisink monument, a shaft of marble, twelve feet in height, resting upon a base of the same material eight feet in height, surmounted by the figure of Hope, and ornamented in bas-relief with representations of the tragical story of Indian warfare, which it commemorates. Goshen has furnished more than one eminent man to the list of those of whom the country is proud. DeWitt Clinton, one of New York's noblest statesmen ; Noah Webster, the great lexicographer and the Winans brothers, who, as successful engineers and railroad builders, have achieved a fame in both hemispheres, all called this charming town their home. The society is among the most refined and cultivated in the country, and this fact evinces itself everywhere in the appearance of the town, its churches, its schools, its every sur- rounding. There are churches of the Episcopal, Methodist, Roman Catholic and Presbyterian denominations. The congregation of the latter have erected an edifice costing $13o,0(~0, and the Episcopalians point with pride to a blue granite church they have completed. , There are eight schools, including one classical school, two public and three private grammar schools, a female seminary of some note and a Military Institute. Two newspapers, the Goshen Democrat, established in 1736, and the Independent Republican in 1788, are published here. The population numbers about 3,000, representing all varieties of avocations incident to a large and growing town. The Court House and Jail, and Clerk's and Surrogate's offices, are located here, but " doubtful questions of right and wrong " find but little place in the minds of this moral, industrious community. There are two National Banks, the Orauge County and the Goshen, three fine hotels, a foundry, carriage factory, sash and blind factory, drain- 02 SUBURBAN HOMES, tile factory, a brick-making machine, and grocery, dry goods, drug, hardware and jewelry stores, all the minor branches of trade being proportionately represented. During the past year a new and com- plete system of water works, (costing $60,000} and fifty new dwellings, have been added, to the town. Stock breeding and trading are largely carried on here also ; many cattle are received from the West, and transhipped to Newburgh, while the breeding of horses is carried on to a considerable extent. Dexter and Highland Maid were bred here, and one New York gentleman has constantly on hand at Stony Ford farm, two or three miles away, a large and valuable stable of blooded animals. A fine half-mile race track and fair grounds are located in the suburbs of the town. Three miles to the south-west, is the north- ern boundary of the most extensive peat formation known in the United States, embracing 17,000 acres, and surrounded by a most productive mineral region, in which white and blue limestone, granite, white marble, oxide of zinc, and oxidized iron ore, exist in consider- able quantities. From Goshen two branch Railways diverge, the one known as the Montgomery and Walkill Valley Branch, extending to Kingston 43 miles, and the Pine Island Branch, to Pine Island, 12 miles distant. Within the past few years, more improvements have been made in and about Goshen than during the previous fifteen, and its people, now fully awakened to its advantages as a suburban resi- dence, evince much interest in its development. Within from five minutes to a quarter of an hour's stroll from the depot, are about one hundred acres of improved land, which are offered as building plots, (100x200 feet) at from $100 to $800. Farming land may be bought some little distance further off between $100 and $300 per acre. From Goshen, the road runs along almost on a level, bringing us into the valley of the Walkill River, which, running north through this and the adjoining County of Uister, empties into the Hudson near Rondout. SUBURBAN HOMES. « •> A distance of four miles further on, we come to HAMPTON, (■sixty-four miles from New York, and reached by four trains daily,) situated on the left bank of the river, which at this point is almost drained of its waters by the Chechunk Canal, a ditch from ten to sixteen feet wide, four to six feet deep, and three miles in length, which was dug in 1829 for the purpose of draining and reclaiming about 20,000 acres of drowned lands, previously in a continued state of inundation. This canal, with its inlet and outlet in the Walkill above and below the town of Hampton, was, in the course of a few years, enlarged by the action of the waters to a width of about five hundred feet, so that the main body of the Walkill River, as above stated, now passes through it. In consequence of its loss of water power from this diversion, an extensive woolen factory is going to ruin. The population of Hampton is about 200. The place contains a Presbyterian church, a good hotel, and two public schools. P'rom fifteen to twenty acres of land in the vicinity of the depot are offered for sale at $125 per acre. Moving over an ascending grade for a distance of three miles, we approach a long curve, and obtain suddenly a view of MIDDLETOWN, (sixty-seven miles from New York, and reached by nine trains each way daily) pleasantly situated in an open, level and rich portion of Orange County, and deriving its name from the fact that it is situated midway between Montgomery and Mount Hope. Since the construe. tion of the Erie Railway, Middletown has increased in extent, popu- lation, and business, surprisingly. Its population, numbering 8,000, are industrious and enterprising, and do a prosperous business. De- void of many features of traditionary interest, such as cling to its older neighbor Goshen, this flourishing town is yet in the freshness (54 SUBURBAN HOMES. of its growth, the loveliness of its surroundings, and the beauty oi its shaded streets, its lawns, its residences, its public buildings, its parks and churches, as thoroughly attractive as any locality can be to the prospective purchaser of a Suburban home. The taste evinced here in cottage architecture is especially observable, and the stranger who takes his first stroll through any of the long, neat avenues inter- secting the town, finds on every hand elegant dwellings, with all the surroundings which wealth can combine with retinement to suggest. Although not yet incorporated, Middletown possesses all the best characteristics of a full grown city. There are a number of hotels, and four fine brick builaings devoted to the Primary and Grammar schools, and the Academy or high school offers instruction in the academical and classical branches. Several private schools receive a good share of patronage. The religious facilities offered are extensive, there being eleven churches, comprising First and Second Presbyterian, (Old and New School,) Baptist, Episcopalian, Methodist, Congregational and Roman Catholic, some of which would, in their architecture and finish, grace any avenue in the Metropolis. There are also three public hails, one of which is fitted up with stage and scenery, and seats one thousand people, and a Lyceum with a reading room and a well stocked library. Four newspapers, the Mercury, Mail, Orange County Press, and Signs of the Times, are published here. The trades are represented largely — there being a saw manufactory (the most extensive of its kind in the United States,) a rolling mill, a foundry, two hat factories, a carpet bag factory, and factories for the manufacture of nails, agri. cultural implements, files, carpets, paper collars, and an innumerable variety of other articles. There are four banks, the Middletown, the Walk ill, the First National, and the Savings Bank, a Masonic Lodge (Hoffman No. 412,) Midland Chapter R. A. >!., and Middletown Lodge I. O. 0. F. The town is lit with gas, has a Board of Health, which keeps its streets clean, and in thorough repair ; an organized Fire Department — and is supplied with pure spring water, led in by pipes from a reservoir two miles away, and, at such a height above the level of the town, that the water power thence derived is sufficient to SUBURBAN HOMES. (3J work the machinery of the printing presses in the newspaper offices. A system of sewerage and drainage is now in progress in the principal streets. Among the public institutions may be mentioned a Gymna. sium and the Young Men's Christian Association. In the western part of the corporation limits, grounds have been purchased for the erection of a Homoeopathic Insane Asylum, the plans of which indicate a substantial and imposing edifice, while in the south-western portion of the town, and partially overlooking it, is " Hillside Cemetery," containing fifty acres of land, all improved, two lakes, five miles of macadamized roadway, and walks, lawns, shade-trees, evergreens and shrubbery in great abundance, and admired as being one of the most beautifully improved places of sepulture in the country. As may be inferred by the reader, from the prosperous and growing character of the town, land in Middletown is valuable, yet the prices asked are in no way unreasonable. Building lots on well graded, paved, lighted and watered streets, vary from $300 to $1,500, and good business stands can be had at anywhere between $500 and $3,000. Within the corporation limits, about 500 acres of high, desirably situated property are available at an average price of $3,000 per acre — while adjacent farm lands can be bought as low as from $100 to $250 per acre. Leaving Middletown, we enter, though gradually, a more rolling and mountainous tract, and three miles further on, reach HOWELLS, (seventy-one miles from New York, and reached by three trains daily) a village of about three hundred inhabitants, possessing a public school, a Congregational Church, several stores, and a hotel, and de- riving its principal importance from the milk interests of the surround- ing region. From an embankment which we pass here, we catch a glimpse of a quiet little hamlet, and a lofty cultivated ridge beyond, gradually growing bolder and bolder, as it approaches the chain of hills which meet directly across our path not many miles away. We are now approaching the verge of Orange County, yet, while the *M SUBURBAN HOMES. soil lacks none of the wondrous richness and fertility which we observed in it further back, land is considerably cheaper. Improved farm land may be bought for from $90 to $100 per acre, and building lots for from $250 to $300. Resuming our journey, we see before us a vast range of cultivated valley skirted in the distance with blue, mazy hills, while to the left, the great Shawangunk Mountain, with every inch of its eastern slope under cultivation, rears its crest heavenward. Its western face, on the other hand, is a mass of rock and forest, totally unfit for cultivation, and to this day remaining in a state of primeval wildness. A short distance beyond this interesting view, we arrive at OTISVILLE, (seventy-six miles from New York, and reached by three trains daily) the western limit of the milk producing section of Orange County It has a population of about 500, and derives its name from the first settler, Isaac Otis, Esq., more recently a merchant in New York City. The recent discovery near this spot of a gigantic mastodon, has given this peaceful hamlet, of late, quite a wide-spread fame among Naturalists. The fact that the daily milk trains start from this place, gives it an additional local importance, and from its elevated position it presents, with its church spires and neat cottages, a pretty appear- ance to the traveler. It contains three churches, Presbyterian, Meth- dist and Roman Catholic, and a new public school house, two hotels and several stores, already erected, while quite a number and variety of other buildings are still in progress. In the vicinity of the depot, about forty acres of land, available for building sites, may be had, at from $100 to $300 per acre, improved, and from $70 to $100 unimproved. Leaving Otisville, we ascend a grade of forty feet to the mile, and at a distance of a mile, reach the point where tbe first great engineer- ing difficulties offered by the Shawangunk Mountain were met and overcome. Upon the first survey of this section of the line, a Board of Engineers recommended a tunnel, twenty-seven hundred feet in SUBURBAN HOMES. 67 length, as the best and only feasible plan of reaching the valley on the further or western side of the mountain, but further deliberation developed the fact that the difficulty could be better surmounted by making a cut 50 feet deep and 2,500 feet in length, through the rocks, thus opening a passage near the summit, and thence descending the western side on an inclined plane by an extensive curve, running south toward the Delaware River. As we skirt the mountain side by this circuitous, dizzy route, the first view of the wild Shawangunk (White Rock) Mountain, as seen from the West, breaks upon us in all its gloom and grandeur of shade and shadow, and heavy cliffs, which have bared their faces to the winter storms and summer suns of centuries. A short distance be- yond, we look down upon the valley to which we are so rapidly de- scending, and see only an unbroken surface of tree tops, without a sign of human existence or art to vary the monotony. Two miles from Otisville, we pass along a heavy embankment 1,000 feet long and thirty high, and thence, descending the slope of ten miles before us, enter the valley of the Neversink, which, unlike the one preceding it, is bright and smiling with life, and dotted far and near with farm- houses and cultivated meadows. Here we catch a glimpse of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, connecting the iron mines of Carbondale with the Hudson River, and, upon its bank, discern the little village of Cuddeback, originally settled by the Dutch, and boasting many inter- esting reminiscences of the days of Indian warfare. And now we are near GUYMARD, a little village of about one hundred inhabitants, distant eighty miles from New York. Its chief feature is the Guymard Spring House, a summer hotel capable of accommodating from seventy-five to one hun- dred guests. Land in the immediate vicinity of the depot will sell at $15 and $25 per acre, while that in the beautiful Neversink valley opposite, is more highly cultivated, and worth about $100 per acre. The descent of the Shawangunk is nearly ten miles in length, and 68 SUBLKBVN HOMES. offers a succession of pleasing views, though becoming more and more contracted in extent. When the slope ceases, our road turns again to the west, and crosses the Neversink by a bridge fifty-five feet high, with a span of 150 feet, when we are brought in full view of PORT JERVIS, (eighty-eight miles from New York,) beautifully located at the base of a range of bold mountains, overlooking the Delaware River, which not yet grown to the mighty stream upon whose crest navies are floated to the sea, plashes and ripples madly over the shoals and dams vainly obstructing its course. The village, which numbers 8,000 in- habitants, covers a plot about two miles in length by one in width, is governed by a Board of Trustees, has a Police Force, a Fire Depart, ment (numbering four engines, two hose carriages, and one hook and ladder company,) is lighted with gas, and now enjoys the advantage of public water works. There are three bauks and two newspapers, the Port Jervis Evening Gazette, published tri-weekly (with also a weekly edition,) and the IVi-States Union, published weekly. The useful trades are well represented, in two steam iron foundries, a ma- chine shop, two bedstead manufactories, a knife factory, a lumber- planing mill, glass factory, three carriage factories, a sash and blind factory, and many smaller establishments. Of churches there are seven, viz.: Episcopal, Roman Catholic, Reformed, Presbyterian, Baptist, Methodist and German Lutheran, several of which have been rebuilt during the late years, and are now models of architectural beauty. Port Jervis Lodge, No. 338 F. and A. M., Neversink Chapter, No. 186 R. A. M., Delaware Commandery of Knights Templar, Ustayantha Lodge, No. 143 I. O. O. F., Attila Lodge, (German) No. 209 I. O. O. F., and Deerpark Encampment, No. 46 I. O. O. F., hold regular communications in their respective halls. The Masonic Hall is a fine building, elegantly fitted up, and during this year, (1872,) an Opera House is also to be erected. The Independent Order of Good Templars also have a Lodge here, (Invincible, No. 607,) and there are a number of other societies and other organizations, including the Port Jervis Literary Association, the Young Men's Literary Association, St. SUBURBAN HOMES. 09 iWUl lillii (Cor. of JERSEY AVE. & FOWLER ST., Near the Depot,) PORT JERVIS, N. Y. Omnibusses convey Passengers to and from the Depot Free of Charge. Superior Accommodations for Mwmmmm BorffiDi; IIS. BY THE DAY, WEEK OR MONTH. LIVERY STABLE ATTACHED. For Particulars, Terms, etc., address D. W. HILL, Manager, Fowler House, PORT JERVIS, N, Y. 70 SUBURBAN HOMES. Mary's Catholic Benevolent Society, the Machinists' and Blacksmiths, Union, and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. The public schools number twelve, with an average daily attendance of 1,600 pupils. There are in addition several private schools worthy of note. The hotels are numerous and well kept. As an important centre of trade and travel, Port Jervis is especially noticeable. The Delaware and Hudson Canal pass through it, and about 150 boats, with an average of 140 tons of coal to each, go by daily. By the Erie Railway, over a hundred trains arrive or depait in one direction or the other in every twenty-four hours. The com- pletion of the Monticello and Port Jervis Railroad has opened up the wild aud romantic fastnesses of Sullivan County, rendering easy of access to city people the famous resorts of Black Lake and Lake Superior. On the Pennsylvania shore opposite the village, and con- nected with it by a new bridge spanning the Delaware, is the vil. lage of Matamoras, while, on the New York side, within easy walk- ing distance from the depot, are the suburbs of Sparrow Bush, Car- penter's Point and Brooklyn. The celebrated Chilton Springs, situated about five miles from Port Jervis, are to be reached by one of the finest wagon roads in the country, and the visitor, on arrival, finds ample accommodations. Eight miles also to the southward of Port Jervis, is the picturesque village of Milford, Pa., with which railroad communication will probably be opened during the present season. The soil in this vicinity is, as a general thing, productive. In the village proper, lots measuring fifty by one hundred feet can be bought at prices ranging from $200 to $2,000, according to location, while in the suburbs above mentioned, they may be had at from $100 to $200, and some even as low as $50. Nature has been lavish with her treasures around the site of this thriving village, blending mountains, valleys, rocks, streams and woods into a picture which, viewed from the summit of either Point Peter or Mount Williams, two high mountains north of the town, partakes of the sublime. A fitting terminus is this spot, with all its wealth and grandeur of charms, to the varied route through valley, plain, grove and meadow, which we have followed on our journey hither from the Metropolis. BGBL'lliiAN HOMES. 71 SUBURBAN EIOMES. THE HAOKENSAOK BRANCH, Extending six miles from the Junction on the Jersey Meadows to Hackensack, and thence sixteen miles, via Ilackensack Extension Railroad, to Talimans. Diverging from the main line, a short distance east of Rutherford Park, the road runs for a mile or two along the level of the meadows, affording the passenger on the left hand side of the train, an excellent view of the sunny slope upon which stands the substantial and enter- prising village of CARLSTADT a settlement established almost exclusively under the auspices of enter, prising Germans, a company of whom, seventeen years ago, purchased here a farm of several hundred acres, divided it up into equal lots of ground, opened streets, and planned building sites, whereon has since grown up a neat, compact and flourishing village, numbering over four thousand inhabitants. Viewed from a distance, Carlstadt is pic- turesque and charming ; seen close at hand, it loses none of its attrac- tiveness. The streets are graded and clean as a parlor floor, the side- walks are dry and well kept, and the people are proud of their village, public-spirited and enterprisiug, and have no drones in their hive. In short, there are to be seen here all the characteristics of a neat, thrifty German town, and one who strolls through its busy street at noonday, might easily imagine that the populous centre of some city in Fader- hind had been wafted hither bodily, and landed upon these fertile Jersey slopes. There are to be found here two churches, two hotels, a Turn-Halle, and any number and variety of well-stocked stores. Manufacturing interests are represented by a watch case factory, a lock and cutlery factory, a furniture factory, and a wax-bleachery. There are two large SUBUHBAE HOMES. *<* brick school-houses, in which both the English and the German langua- ges are taught . The streets are lighted with gi? s, and a horse railroad to connect with the neighboring village of Lodi, is projected. Lots available for building purposes are offered for sale, (measuring 25x100 feet) at from .$000 to $1,000. WOOD RIDGE, one mile beyond Carlstadt, is a premising village of 250 inhabitants,., and possessing many of the characteristics of that which we have just. left ; over twenty new buildings have been erected here during the past year. Land may be had at .$250 per lot, or $1,500 per acre. Still two miles further on is Lodi Junction, whence diverges a single track road connecting with the active manufacturing village of Lodi, where are located the famous Lodi Chemical and Lodi Prins Works. Further on, the swampy meadows become fertile farm lands, habitations and signs of culture become more frequent, we pass the newly established station called Corona, where already signs of en- terprise are apparent, and, in a few moments more, near the beautifni village of HACKENSACK, standing upon the banks of the river of that name, and important a s the county seat of Bergen County. All of this vicinity teems with in- teresting historic reminiscences ; every foot of ground hereabout was trodden, over and over again, by the revolutionary soldiery, and, foa SUBUKBAX HOMES. many charming vistas. A handsome new brick hotel and store, and a number of new dwellings, add to the appearance of the village, and others are in process of erection. A new bridge has also been built »ver the Hackensack. KINDERKAMACK, a mile and three-quarters beyond Oradel, is a growing place, with good approaches, and is inhabited by a number of men ol means, who have lost no opportunity to improve it, and aid its growth. Seven new houses, blacksmith and wheel-wright shops, a livery stable, store and Post-office have been erected during the past year. The price of land, as mentioned under the head of River Edge, will cover all the intermediate property at this point. At WEST WOOD, a mile further on, the visitor sees several fine French roof houses, and a hotel recently erected, a handsome store, neat depot, and visible signs of improvements in progress. The infusion of new life and energy, attendant upon the construction of the Extension Railroad, J s very apparent here. The Pascack turnpike intersects the railroad at this point. Crossing Pascack Creek, which, further down finds its outlet into the Hackeiisack, we reach HILLSDALE, for a time the terminus of the road, and destined at no distant day, judging from the wonderful progress made during the last two years, to become an important center of trade and travel. The recently constructed residence of the President of the Extension Road, D. P- Patterson, Esq.. standing a short distance west of the depot, is a model of architectural beauty and taste, and within a circuit of a half mile, are the abodes of a number of old and wealthy inhabitants of the county. A large hot el, capable of accommodating'ioO guests, stands just east of the SUBURBAN HOMES. 77 depot ; a fine new country store, well-stocked, is in operation adjacent to the station, and many elegant dwelling houses have been or are being put up on eligible sites within a stone's throw of the spot. The depot itself has been rebuilt during T,he past year, the new structure being an elegant two story building, containing also the room in which the Directors of the Company hold their meetings. The vil- lage of Hillsdale has a population of about 2,000, contains two schools* a church (Dutch Reformed,) and four turning mills, all in operation. The Pascack Creek, formed by the confluence of several large brooks, furnishes a water power sufficient for fourteen mills, and in this respect the advantages of Hillsdale are especially worthy of con- sideration. But its claims as a place of residence are equally strong. The country is open, and well cultivated, the air cWr and healthful, the water pure, and the soil very fenile. The country roads afford opportunities for delightful drives or rambles; two miles east of the station is the hill where the unfortunate Major Andre was hung, and where his remains found a resting place, until their removal to his native country a few years ago. Within a half a mile from the Hillsdale Depot, one may purchase an acre of good land for $"j00, while city plots, easily accessible from the cars, can be had at from $300 to $">00. A visit to, and an inspection of, this section will generously repay those who take an interest in the subject of Suburban Homes. Continuing along this valley a mile and a half further, we come to the Station of PASCACK, where a depot, a store, and several handsome dwellings have been erected. From this station, the Pascack Post-office is reached, the " Pascack Neighborhood," lying on the left of, and about a quarter of a mile distant from the railroad, and stretching along parallel to it for a considerable distance, being a locality well worthy of a visit on account of the charms of its pastoral scenery, the quaintness of its old stone church and church-yard, and the busy hum of the bobbin 78 sriii khan homes. factory, one of the most extensive of its kind in the State. Another mile brings us to PARK RIDGE, located on the road leading from Pascack to Old Tappan. The con struction of stores, a hotel, an Academy, a Depot, and ten dwellings during the past year at an aggregate cost of $33,500, and the estab- lishment of a Post-office, and a coal and lumber yard, all give evidence that the people are anticipating the inevitable demand for Suburban Homes. MONT VALE, one mile beyond, is situated on rising ground to the right of the val- ley, and on a road crossing the track from Pascack to Middletown. This station is principally used by residents of Upper Pascack. It basts a Post-office and Depot, several stores, a livery stable, and a number of new dwellings. From this point, we emerge into the " Valley of the Muddy Brook," a trout stream, the beautifully clear waters of which .murmur cease less plaints against the unmerited odium of such a title. Half a mile further on, the State line is crossed, and we enter Rockland I'ounty, New York. PEARL RIVER, one mile distant from Mont Vale, is our next stopping place. Here the grounds adjacent to the road rise higher, and the views are magnificent. To the south, Newark Bay, Staten Island, Passaic and Paterson are plainly visible ; the Ramapo Mountains to the west, and the Palisades to the east, are seen in the distance; the well cultivated district of Middletown lies like a garden beneath. For private resi- dences the locality is admirable, is well graded and laid out in streets. A well-stocked lumber yard has been opened to supply all building materials — and here are located the very extensive works of the IUBUKBAN HOMES 7D £tna Sewing Machine Co., the establishment of which gives uew life and impetus to improvements in this vicinity. (See advertisement.) From Pearl River, the road traverses a thickly populated and wealth}- farming section to Nanuet, whence it runs parallel, as before stated, with the Piermont Branch of the Erie Railway to Tallmaus From Nanuet, the road has also heen graded to New City, and will be in running order during the present Summer (1872). Derrom's Portable House. From A. J. P.K'KXELL & CO., Architectural Tin,)'. ?\\ lisliers, -11 Warren Stroet, New York. SUEUKBAN HOMES THE NEWARK BRANCH. The rapid growth, of late years, of the two great manufacturing cities of New Jersey, Newark and Paterson, having rendered the time-honored stage coach facilities altogether inadequate to the de- mands of travel between them, a charter for the construction of a broad-gauge railroad, from Paterson to Newark, with the privilege of extending it through to New York, was granted by the State Legislature, the work was vigorously prosecuted, and during the summer of 1809, the road, eleven and a quarter miles in length, was thrown open to travel, as a branch of the Erie Railway, under the control of which, by purchase, it had come. The importance of this branch as a connecting link, can be only appreciated by considering the two hitherto widely separated sec- tions of country which it brings into communication with each other. A resident of northwestern New Jersey, for instance, desirous of visiting the State capital, or any place in the southerly portion of the State, can now avoid the circuitous route through Jersey City, and, by going direct to Newark, shorten his journey by at leas; two hours. Much of the large travel that comes down from Rock- land, Orange and Ulster Counties • in New York State, necessarily finds its southward outlet over this new line, while, on the other hand, the'heavy southern travel northward is tapped at Newark, anu diverted by this branch into the numerous towns and villages lyin ; along the line of the Eastern Division and Branches of the Erie Rail way. Direct travel is thus opened, it will be observed, between Newark and Newburgh. As a matter of commercial and manufacturing interest, too, th.- Newark and Paterson Railroad is important, offering direct Southern shipment for the many products of the Paterson looms and work shops, and for the flour, grain, cattle and lumber, which, in such pro- digious quantities, pass over the Erie annually, from the west. The line of the road runs through an old, well settled section, SUBURBAN HOMES. 81 covered with farms, and interspersed with villages. Centreville Highland, Franklin, and Avondale are successively passed, until at Belleville the track strikes the border of the Passaic River, and follows it thence a distance of two miles, through the charming village of Woodside, to Newark. An elegant depot has been erected at the Newark terminus, and the continuation of the road thence to New York is being vigorously prosecuted with the expectation of having the road open for through travel early this summer, (1872.) A fine bridge has been thrown over the Passaic River, and thence the track will extend across the meadows in a direct line to Bergen Tunnel. Design of Gothic Stair-Case, From A. J. BICKNELL & CO., Architectural Book Publishers, 27 Warren Street. New York- SUBURBAN HOMES. NEWBURGH SHORT CUT, Extending seventeen and a quarter miles from Newburgh Junction to Newburgh. This route, between the cities of New York and Newburgh, although thrown open to travel but a little over two years ago, has, on account of the elegant accommodations, more rapid communication, and reduced fares which it offers, become very popular with the residents of New- burgh and points along the line. It especially claims public favor as shortening the time to New York to two hours and twenty-five minutes — less, by twenty-five minutes, than by the Fishkill and Hudson River route; and also by the fact of landing the business man, not at Forty-second street, where an additional car or stage fare, and a long tedious ride down town are inevitable, but at the foot of Chambers street, in the very business centre of the great city, whence can be easily reached the stores, offices, and markets ; or by the traveler, the great avenues of departure eastward, westward, south- ward, and for foreign parts. As has been stated elsewhere, the Short cut diverges from the main line at a point two miles west of Greenwood, and runs thence, a dis- tance of seventeen and three quarter miles, to Newburgh, passing through, or near, a number of villages, every one of which is a favor- ite summer resort, and to each of which the construction of this branch, bringing three trains of passengers each way daily, has brought, also, a sudden increase of growth and prosperity. The first of these places is HIGHLAND MILLS, comprising a population of about three hundred within a mile of the station, and containing two public and one private school, two churches, Methodist and Friends, a good store, two large boarding SUBURBAN HOMES. ~' J houses, and a carriage manufactory. Stock raising and breeding J is also carried on here successfully. Land may be bought in villa sites or building lots of a quarter acre, more or less improved, for §100, and farming land may be had at $150 per acre. CROM WELLS has a population of about two hundred and fifty,contains three churches, two stores, and a Post Office, and offers desirable building sites, espe- cially adjacent to a small lake, about one mile west of the station. At WOODBURY, a small village, containing a Methodist church and factories for fish- ing poles and lines, there are within a half mile of the station a num- ber of attractive localities, where laud per acre can be had at from $100 to $300. VALLEY, two and three quarter miles beyond, is the next station. Plenty of land near the depot is to be had at $150 per acre for improved, and $100 unimproved. The village contains a flouring mill, two public schools, and a Methodist church. MOUNTAINVILLE, the next station, derives an importance from its proximity to the celebrated Mineral Springs, which have made this region so popular. It has a population of about 500, and boasts a market, a public hall and reading room, and Express and Post Offices. Land sells here as low as $600, and as high as $10,000 per acre. The most important way station on this branch is that at which we next arrive. The name of CORNWALL will recall, to many, memories of delightfully cool summer days, 84 SUBURBAN HOMES. passed in this picturesque and romantic neighborhood. The village of Cornwall proper is about three miles east of the station, on the turnpike road through to the Hudson, and is reached by stages or other vehicles, which are always in wsiiting on the arrival of fains. Its population numbers 3,500. although, during the summer months, it is, by the influx of visitors, increased to three times as many. There are nine churches, viz : two Presbyterian, two Friends, and two Roman Catholic, and oue each of the Episcopal, Methodist and Baptist denominations, and eight schools, six of which are public and two private; industrial pursuits are actively followed, there being here a woolen mill, two flour mills, a paint mill, and a piano-forte manufactory. A Masonic Hall, and a Bank building, have also been recently erected. Contiguous to the station, there are about three hundred acres of land purchasable for building purposes, while, along the turnpike road, for the entire distance through to the Hudson, and in the more immediate neighborhood of Cornwall and Canterbury, there are many tempting sites for the purchaser, offered at an average price of $400 per acre. VAIL'S GATE AND TEMPLE HILL. the latter being the point at which the two Newburgh Branches unite present to the visitor a small collection of houses situated on the New Windsor and Blooming Grove Turnpike, where there is a toll-gate, from the keeper of which the former took its name. Formerly it was called Tooker's Gate, for the same reason. Henceforth, on our journey, we find ourselves confronted by a series of maguificent panoramas, in which the lofty Highlands, every moment growing nearer and nearer, loom up grandly beyond the intermediate farm lands, as we approach NEW WINDSOR, one of the most promising places on this line, bidding fair, in a short time, to be well built up and with a fine class of houses. SUBUUBAN HOMES. S3 Those already erected are, without exception, both pretty and substantial. West Point, Canterbury, Cornwall, and ldlewild, the home of the late N. P. Willis, are all near at hand, and can be reached in an easy afternoon drive. Around the depot, the grounds are being laid out in a Park, and there are visible, on every side ? indications of a determined and enterprising public spirit. The olden history and traditions of New Windsor are of exceed- ing interest. When Washington had his head-quarters at Newburgh, in 1782-3, the principal portion of his army was encamped here, and the site of the old camp grounds is still marked by the debris of huts > the location of " The Temple " is discernible, and the military bury- ing-ground is strewn witli the mounds of those who were interred there. Our route hence to Newburgh, is one of novel and exciting beauty. At one time we skirt the edge of the ravine through which a rushing water course hurries headlong to the Hudson, turning the wheels of the factories as it goes ; at another, we whirl around the side of a mountain, one of those towering Highlands which we have for some time been admiring from a distance, coupling with our admiration a wondering inquiry as to where our path would find its outlet through them to the river bank. But of a sudden, as we gaze, buildings, sheds, freight-houses, and shipping obstruct the view, and the train comes to a full stop at the terminus, NEWBURGH. Upon alighting, the visitor finds, upon his right, all the character- istics of a commercial port ; steamboats, barges and sailing vessels line the piers, upon which great storehouses and granaries stand. To the left, the streets of the city run directly up the steep hill-side, affording only glimpses, however, of the beauties to which they lead, where the more attractive portion of the city stretches itself along the hilltop. Newburgh is regularly laid out, and its appearance is at once pre- possessing. Its first sellers were Germans, from the Palatinate of the Rhine, who, having been stripped of their possessions, and driven forth 83 SUBURBAN HOMES. by religious persecution, were sent hither by the English government- The settlement was made in 1709, by a colony of fifty-six persons, in- cluding a minister and parish clerk, and was called "the Palatine- Parish by Quassaick," the latter term being the Indian name of a small creek, bounding, on the south, a portion of the present city. Thenceforth, the settlement grew rapidly, in 1802 was incorporated, in 1805 became a city, and to-day has a population of 20,000, with the promise of becoming, at no distant day, an important railroad centre. The Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Railroad is being rapidly pushed forward from Waterbury, Conn., toward the Hudson, which it will reach at Fishkill, directly opposite Newburgh, and connected with it by excellent ferry facilities ; the Dutchess and Columbia Railroad also runs eastward from Fishkill, and the projected West Side Railroad from Albany to New York will pass directly through the city of Newburgh. In the city, and its vicinity, are many localities of historic interest- The house of Jonathan Hasbrouck, standing upon an eminence in the southern portion of the city, and overlo >king the river, was, from April, 1782, to October, 1783, the head-quarters of Washington, the army being encamped in the vicinity, principally at New Windsor. The building, which is an unpretending farm-house, of rough grey stone, was bought a few years since by the State, and is now the Mecca of every patriot who visits the city of Newburgh, containing > as it does, a thousand interesting revolutionary relics, including the armchair in which General Washington was wont to sit, and a fire- shovel which was in use during his occupation of the place. " Onco; ah once, within these walls, One whom memory oft recalls, The Father of his country, dwelt: Aii'l yonder meadows, broad and damp, The fires of the besieging camp Encircled with a burning belt. Up and down these echoing stairs, Heavy with the weight of cares Sounded his majestic tread; Yes; within this very room Sat he, in those hours of gloom, Weary both in he irt and head." SUBURBAN IIOMES. 8? ■AliiWII & ilISf f Heal Estate and Insurance AGENTS, 27 Second Street, NEWBURGII, N. ¥. HAVE FOE SALE AND TO LET tiran&F §©aisj ? StaHs&e* —AND- CITY PROPERTY. ORANGE COUNTY FARMS, ALL SISS3 AND PHICS3. Our list of Country Seats comprises some of the finest scenery on the Hudson River, with views of the Shawan- gunk and Fishkill Mountains ; also of Newburgh Bay, from Poughkeepsie to West Point. Bills and Rents collected, and promptly paid over John Baldwin, Nelson Oust. 88 SUBURBAN HOMES, The drives in the vicinity of Newburgh are among the most pleasant in America. To the south, may be reached " Murderer's Creek," a name rendered memorable by Paulding's tradition ot " Naoman," the camp-grounds of New Windsor, the head-quarters ot Steuben acd Lafayette, the residence of Willis, and many modern seats of beauty and taste. To the southeast are the burial grounds and the homestead of the Clintons, the right-hand men of Washing- con ; to the west, those of the Coldens, and to the north, is the Dans- Kainmer, a point, the history of which reaches back to the domina- tion of the Indian tribes. Within a circuit of nine miles, are West Point, Fort Putnam's monumental rocks, the Beacon Hill of the Highlands, the scenes of Cooper's " Harry Birch," and the historic Dans-Kammer monument, telling of a nation which we never knew. With such surroundings, is it not remarkable that New burgh has rapidly attained a prominence as the abode of wealth and enterprise. Convenient of access by its railroad connections with the Erie, bring- ing it within about two hours of the heart of the Metropolis; its atmosphere healthful and bracing; possessing six public and several excellent private schools, (including the celebrated Newburgh Insti- tute, a model school for boys), twenty-one churches, representing all Christian denominations, four banks, two newspapers, cotton and woolen mills, and iron works and foundries; and, what is more cred. itable than all, boasting noble, public charities, and a good, local government. Newburgh deservedly ranks among the fairest and proudest of the cities, not alone of the Empire State, but of the entire country. Within a circuit of two miles from the depot on Front street, there are offered by Messrs. Baldwin & Christ, (see advertisement,) several hundred acres of land very desirable tor building purposes. Prices vary from $o00 to $3,000 per acre, and city lots from $300 to $2,500 each. SUBURBAN HOMES. THE NEWBURG-H BRANCH, Extending eighteen and three, quarter miles from Greycourt to Neicburgh. From Greycourt, it will be remembered, the Newburgh and War- wick branches diverge, northeastward and south westward respect- ively, to the towns which give them their names. These are, it may be stated, operated as a single line, trains running directly -through between Warwick and Newburgh, and stopping at Greycourt, only as a connecting point with trains on the main line — while, again, one train daily runs direct each way between Middletown, on the main line, and Newburgh. It will thus be easily inferred that this branch of the Erie, both in freight and passenger traffic, is full of activity and bustle. By this route, the citizens of Warwick, Goshen, Middletown, Port Jervis, and Newburgh, find a cheap, frequent and rapid means of intercourse, and those owning or pur- chasing property along the line, find themselves thrown into semi- daily connection with New York. A large amount of freight brought from the West by the Erie Railway is carried over this route to Newburgh, and thence shipped by barges to New York. Leaving Greycourt, we pass through two miles of alternate meadow lands and cuttings to CRAIGVILLE, a pretty, though secluded, village of about five hundred inhabitants, in which signs of modern progress are visible on every side. There are here two churches, a Methodist and a Presbyterian, a public school, a tavern, a cotton factory, two grist mills, and a steam mill, the former being worked by water power, in facilities for which the locality abounds. South and west of the depot, there are forty or fifty acres of rich land purchasable at the rate of from $150 to .fl-jOO 10 SUBURBAN HOMES. iier acre for improved, and $80 to $150 for unimproved. Here, as almost everywhere else in Orange County, the woods and fields abound in game, and the brooks and ponds in sport for the angler. Resuming the ride, one comes, just beyond Craigville, upon a superb bit of scenery, or rather a panorama, in which a wide stretching peaceful valley, a distant mountain, wheat fields, apple orchards, and a quaint farm house form prominent features; but the iron horse, un- min Ifnl of nature's allurements by the way, whisks us on through thicket and glen to the considerable village of WASH1NGTONVILLE, another important center of the milk trade, about 5,000 quarts being shipped hence daily. The place, which is embowered in a rich growth of foliage, and which, in the style of its dwellings, and the laying out of its thoroughfares, makes just pretensions to rural beauty, numbers about eight hundred inhabitants, and at once strikes the visitor as a prosperous and thriving village. It contains a Methodist, and two Presbyterian churches, several public and private schools, including a female boarding school of high repute, two well kept hotels, two public halls, flour and feed mills, a plaster mill, a sash and blind fac- tory, avid bakery, millinery, dry goods and grocery stores. The health- rulness of the place is unsurpassed, the large annual influx of summer visitors being alone sufficient to attest the fact. The whole region is filled up with a prosperous farming population, distinguished alike for intelligence and refinement. In the vicinity reside many men of wealth and position, among whom maybe mentioned the well-known grape growers and wine makers, the Jaques Brothers, whose grounds and buildings at Blooming Grove are well worthy of inspection. To the north of the village, and two or three miles distant, stands the homestead of the renowned Clinton family, where De Witt Clinton passed his boyhood ; and about the same distance westward, may be seen the antiquated church of Blooming Grove, said to be the oldest, with one or two exceptions, in the country. Washingtonviile has experienced a new and rapid growth during SUBURBAN HOMES. !U the past year, and many investments in real estate have been the result. There are several hundred acres of good land in the market, at prices varying from $500 to $1,000 per lot, and $125 to $200 per acre, according to location. Two miles and a half further on, after passing through a landscape of fresh and ever changing beauty, we reach SALISBURY, a village, which, during the past year, has greatly improved in at- tractiveness to the visitor. The Otter Kill, running directly through it, and making magnificent falls, furnishes a fine water power, by which a paper mill, erected at a cost of $200,000, and employing eighty hands, is run ; a grist mill and a tan yard are also among the indus- trial features of the village. The population numbers about four hundred. The Methodists have a church here, and there are also two schools, one of them public. The prospective purchaser may find here, within three minutes walk of the depot, one hundred acres of good productive Orange county land, for sale, at about $150 per acre. And now, after passing Vail's Gate, surrounded by many rich pieces of farming land, we reach Temple Hill, from which point we proceed through New Windsor to Nevvburgh over the route already described, as a portion of the JNewburgh Short-Cut. 92 eUBUKUAN HOMES. THE WARWICK BRANCH, Extending ten miles from Oreycourt to Warwick. This road is owned by a separate Company, who pay the Erie Rail- way Company an annual rental for the rolling stock used iu operating it. The intention of the stock-holders is to continue this road through New Jersey to Belvidere on the Delaware, where connection will be made with the great Pennsylvania coal fields, and the Lehigh Valley. This, with the completion of the Boston, Hartford and Erie Railroad, running directly through, from opposite Newburgh to Bos- ton, will facilitate direct shipments of coal to the latter city. The first stopping place, after leaving Greycourt, is EAST CHESTER, which, in reality, is but another portion of the town of Chester, through which we have previously passed on the main line. Just beyond the station, a landscape full of beauty and grandeur greets the eye. SUGAR LOAF, the next station, derives its name from the mountain, the conical peak of which looms up, grey and hoary, near at hand. The village itself is small, but picturesque in location. LAKE STATION, another small settlement, derives its name from Clark's Lake, a beau- tiful sheet ol water situated east of the railroad, just beyoud it. STONE BRIDGE is the point at which passengers connect with the pretty village of Bellvale, containing a church, a public school, two grist mills, and a number of stores and shops. SUBURBAN HOMES. WARWICK, the terminus of the branch, has upwards of 1,500 inhabitants, and is a town of some importance. The swift, Wawayanda Creek passes directly through its centre, adding not a little to the beauty of the village scenery. The streets are well laid out, graded, shaded and paved, and the residences, as a general thing, are neat and taste- ful, and embrace many elegant new cottages and villas, surrounded by flower gardens aud terraces, and possessing the same pleasing characteristics noticeable in those at Goshen or Middletown. When the railroad was first completed to this point, nine years ago, there stood but three houses, where now is the more modern and beautiful portion of the town. The elegant residence of the great landscape painter, Cropsey, is situated on a romantic hill-side not far away. There are six churches here — Dutch-Reformed, Episcopal, Metho- dist, Presbyterian, and Old and New School Baptist, the size and gen- eral appearance of the houses of worship being worthy of note. Several district schools, and a school for instruction in the higher branches, afford abundant educational facilities. There are three good hotels in the village, with a livery stable attached to each. The Warwick Advertiser is published here, and the First National Bank of Warwick has been incorporated. Wawayanda Lodge. No. 544 F. & A. M., holds its regular communications in a commodious lodge room of its own. The drives and rambles in the country adja- cent to Warwick are full of beauty ; a spacious cemetery, situated in the outskirts, is handsomely laid out, and contains several costly and beautiful monuments. During the past year, public water works have also been established. The purchaser will find many rare building sites and farm land in this neighborhood, should he conclude to settle here. Village plots can be bad at from $300 to .$1,000 according to location, and land for farming purposes sells per acre at prices varying from $100 to $200. 94 SUBURBAN nOMES. Montgomery and Walkill Valley Branch, Embracing the Montgomery and Erie Road, extending ten and a quarter miles from Goshen to Montgomery, and the Walkill Valley Road, extending thirty-three miles from Montgomery to Kingston. From Goshen to the pleasant village of Montgomery, renowned as the resort of amateur sportsmen at certain seasons, this branch passes northeastward through a rich farming country, Campbell Hall, situa- ted about midway, being the most important station. From Mont- gomery, it follows, as its name denotes, the Valley of the Walkill through Walden, a thriving manufacturing town with magnificent water power, and a good architectural country about it, to Kingston, to and from which point two trains are run daily. Rosendale, famed for the manufacture of building cement, is the most important point on this section of the line, and here a magnificent iron bridge 900 feet in length has been constructed. To aid in the extension of the line along the Hudson to Albany, its ultimate objective point, the Legislature has authorized the towDS in the Counties of Greene and Albany to issue bonds to the ex- tent of one-twentieth of the taxable property, upon the written peti- tion of the tax -payers. SUSl'Il-BAK HOMES. 95 PINE ISLAND BRANCH, Extending eleven and three quarter miles from Goshen to Pine Island. The intention of the incorporators of this road is to construct it ultimately to the State line, about three miles beyond its present terminus, and thence, under the provisions of a New Jersey charter, to Deckertown, in that State. The road runs south westward from Goshen, passing through an excellent milk and butter producing re- gion, passing through Orange Farm to the charming little village of Florida, widely known as the early residence of the Hon. Wm. H. Seward, most of whose relatives still reside here, and whose father founded at this place the Seward Institute, a seminary for young ladies. There is also at Florida a good hotel, called by some the best in the county, and there are in the vicinity numerous small lakes with veiy good fishing. 96 SUBURBAN HOMES. Monticello and Port Jervis Branch, Extending ticenty-four miles from Port Jervis to Monticello. This road was chartered by the State Legislature in September, 1868, and was thrown open to travel a few months ago. It is sub- stantially constructed, with room for a double track, has no trestle work, and but little bridging, and, although but a short time in opera- tion, is already doing a handsome business in the transportation of passengers and freight. From Port Jervis, the line runs in a northerly direction along the Deer park Valley to HUGUENOT, a village deriving its name from the fact of its having been originally settled by the Huguenot refugees. The mineral springs of this locality present many interesting phenomena, as for instance, two springs bubbling up within four feet of each other, one of them clear and pure as crystal, the other so strongly impregnated with iron as to be discolored by it. A spacious and handsome hotel has been erected here, and is annually patronized to a liberal extent. At ROSE'S POINT, four miles further on, are to be found the blue flagstone quarries which seem to be inexhaustible in extent, and which have of late been energetically and profitably worked. A strikingly picturesque feature of this locality, too, is the Suspen- sion Aqueduct, whereon the Delaware and Hudson Canal crosses the Neversink Vail y. SUBUKKAN HOMES. &7 OAKLAND, thirteen miles from Port Jervis, is a brisk lumber settlement, possess, ing several mills, tanneries and quarries. A wheelbarrow factory is also in operation. HARTWOOD, three miles further on, possesses the same general characteristics. The line hence extends in a northwesterly direction to the beautiful village of MONTICELLO, charmingly located in the midst of picturesque scenery, and 1,400 feet above the level of tide water. It numbers about 1,500 inhabitants and has four churches, a male and female academy, a district and a private school, and two newspapers, the Republican Watchman and the Sullivan Go. Republican. *lli!P Design of Country Seat, From A. J. BICICsELL & CO., Architectural Book Publishers, 27 Warren Street, New York. 98 SUBURBAN HOMES. Before deciding about a Suburban Home, BE SURE TO VISIT AND INSPECT TYLER PARK, {See reading matter on opposite page.) Tyler Park is directly connected by rail with New York City, and all principal adjacent points, has the advantage of frequent trains, and two lines of horse cars, and in con- sequence of being just without the city limits (only two miles from the ferries)," enjoys a very small taxation. tSHTo Public Debt in this TownshiD, H.B.-THE RAILWAY DEPOT IS WITHIN THE PARK LIMITS. LANDS MAY BE PURCHASED 1st. For Residences, on streets graded, drained, and com mending beautiful views of the surrounding country. 2d. For Manufacturing purposes, with railroad few itches running through the grounds. For further particulars apply at Tyler Park Station Northern R. R., to CHARLES GOBISCH, Proprietor TYLER PARK. B. O. Address, Box 22, Hudson City, XEW J JERSEY. SUBURBAN HOMES. Northern Railroad of New Jersey. ' This road starts from Jersey City, diverges from the main line just, wftst of the tunnel, and thence runs along the western base of Bergen Heights and the Palisades to Piermont. In addition, an Extension runs from Piermont along the summit of the Highlands to Nyack. Upon leaving the main line, we first perceive the green slopes and lawns of TYLER PARK, a recently opened property, which, by its proximity to the city, and by its yet being just outside the corporation limits, enjoys all the ad- vantages of municipal government, such as horse cars, gas and water, without the burdensome taxation which usually accompanies such luxuries. Single fares to this point are only ten cents, and commuta- tion forty dollars per annum. A magnificent avenue, forming a part of a direct line from Jersey City to Paterson, intersects the Park, and will be, when completed, unsurpassed as a carriage drive. The streets are now being graded and drained, and lots can be purchased on most favorable terms' by payment of a small cash instalment. No pur- chase money is required from parties willing to build at once. (See advertisement.) HOMESTEAD is the next station we reach. It is half an hour's ride from New York, and has five trains each way daily. Lots sell at from $100 to $300. At NEW DURHAM, market gardening is very profitably followed, the soil being quite productive. Four trains each way stop daily, the ride from New York occupying only thirty-five minutes. 100 SUBURBAN HOMES. One mile farther north is GRANTON, (formerly kuovvu as Allertons), having the advantage of seven train 8) up and down daily, and distant thirty-nine minutes ride from Cham- bers street. The facilities for cultivation are good, and the prices of land range about the same as at the two previously mentioned villages. Passing through a heavy cutting, the first on r h ■ 'in^, trenext reach FAIR VIEW, (formerly called Euglish Neighborhood), nine miles from New York, reached thence in forty-four minutes, and accessible by seven trains to and from it daily. Here, several handsome residences are visible, streets are laid out, and everything presents an aspect of thrift and comfort. Land sells here at from $100 to $350 per lot, and from $4f.O to 1.000 p°r aevrom?s Portable Houses,, ffil SUBURBAN HOMES. EVERY SUBURBAN HOME SHOULD HAVE A "Blew Family" SII6ER SBWII8 MACHINE. The sales of Sewing Machines in 1871, as reported, under oath, in 1872, to the owners of the Sewing Machine Patents, show that the SINGER Manufacturing Company Last year Sold 181,260 MACHINES, Ninety per cent, of them being for FAMILY USE. THIS IS OVER S O y O O O More Sewing Machines than were sold by any other Company during the same period. THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 00., 84 Union Square, NEW YORK. GEORGE BROWN, Real Estate Broke 237 MARKET STREET, PATERSON, NEW JERSEY Near the Depot After buying a Suburban Home, BOY YOUR GROCERIES fin©® €1® Mii&tiiJi Cor. 77ILLIS & STRAIGHT STS., An assortment of Fine Fancy Groceries of all kinds, con-, Stantly on hand. Orders received and goods delivered at resid'sncos daily; 114 SUBURBAN HOMES. HPIBAfi AliiiJ No. 18 HAMILTON ST., PATERSON, N. J. State Agent for the Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Company, with assets exceeding $20,000,000 Gold. Agent for Paterson and Vicinity of the following Com- panies : Imperial Firt> Ins. Co. of London, Assets exceed $8,000,000. Phenix Ins. Co. of New York, Assets exceed $2,000,000- Hanover Fire Ins. Co. of New York, Assets exceed $700,000. iiiiti m w#»M f 217 and 219 MAIN ST., PATERSON, N,J. Furnish Sukurban Homes, on the line of the Erie Railway, with Carpets, Druggets, Mats and Rugs, Cornices, Window Shades, Curtains, And all Varieties of Fine Upholstery at the most "Reasonable rates. Do not fail to call before purchasing elsewhere ! DRY GOODS, FANCY GOODS & TRIMMINGS. Dressmaking in all its Branches. J LIST ISSUED, A very desirable Bot>k for Builders and all who con- template building a House, SUPPLEMENT TO |lCENELL'S |lLLAGE |uiLDER, Containing twenty Plates, showing eighteen modern and practical Designs for Country and Suburban Residences of moderate cost, with Elevations, Plans, Sec- tions, and a variety of Details all drawn to Scale. Also a full set of Specifications with approved forms of Contract, and estimates of cost. One Superb quarto volume. Mailed post-paid on re- ceipt of price, $5,00, BICKNELL'S VILLAGE BUILDER, Showing Elevations and Plans for Cottages, Villas, Suburban Residences, Farin- Houses, Stables and Carriage-Houses, Store Fronts, School-House?, Churches, Court-Houses, and a Model Jail. Also, Exterior and Interior Detail - for Public and Private Buildings, with approved Forms for Contracts, and Specifications; con- taining fifty-five Plates drawn to Scale, giving the Style and cost of Building in different sections of the Country. Revised Edition, with three additional plates, showing inside finish for Stores, Banks and Insurance Offices, and two elevations and plans for low-priced dwellings; also, a variety of details added to several plates. Quarto Voiume, issued February 1,. 1872. Price $10, post-paid. The Revised Edition of Village Builder and Supplement bound in one large vol., price $12. ARCHITECTURE, BY CUMMINS & MILLER, A Practical Book on Architectural details; containing over One Thousand De- signs and Illustrations, showing the manner of Constructing Cornices, Doorways, Porches, Windows, Verandas, Railings, French Roofs, Observatories, Piazzas, Bay-Windows, Cut Stone Work, various Styles of Modern Finish, and Street Fronts of Houses, Stores, etc., etc One lar^e Quarto Volume. Price Ten Dollars. When desired, we furnish any special Plans and Details, or make any alterations in any Plau or Elevation that we publish or offer for sale. J3P"" A General Catalogue of American and Foreign Architectural Books, mailed on receipt of 2-ceut stamp. «^~ Catalogue of Drawing Instruments, Paper, Tracing Cloth, etc.. mailed to any address, on receipt of two 3-cent stamps. A. J. BIOKNELL & CO., And Dealers in Mathematical Instruments, Drawing Papers, Etc. 27 WARREN ST., NEW YORK. Season of 1372. XSTB,^ ATTSIfTIOHf nnushrr ^x©wm^i®i?a VIA MtaPm Mmmw® For the special accommodation of its patrons, the Erie Railway Company has prepared Round Trip "Tickets, embracing ITHACA— HEAD-WATERS OP CAYUGA LAKE— WATKIN& GLEN, STONY BROOK GLEN, AVON SPRINGS, NIAGARA FALLS, Lake Ontario, Thousand Inlands and ttapids of the St. Lawrence. M-ONTRBAIi, QUSBBC, Lakes Ohamplain, George and Memphremagog, SABATGQA SPRINGS, SHARON SPRINGS, SPENCER SE^RIXJsTGS, Minnequa Springs, Mt. JVXansfLelcL, Newport, Vt., White and Franconia Mountains, LAKE SUPERIOR, G-REEN BAY, And all Principal Points of Interest in Northern New York, Canada, New England and the Lake Superior Region. DRAWING ROOM AND SLEEPING- COACHES OP THE ARE ATTACHED TO ALL EXPRESS TRAINS. Tickets and all information as to routes, time, and distances, can be ob 124 Washington St., Boston, 2-11 Broadway, New York, 521) 9OT Depot foot op Chamber? & 23d Sts. 4 Court St., Brooklyn, Long Dock Depot, Jersey Cety, 184 Market Street, Newark, 27 Second Street, Newburgh, 811 Chestnut St., Philadelphia And at all principal ticket offices on main line. JOHN fc. ABBOTT, Ass't Gen'l Poss'r Agent, WWI. R. BARS', General Passenger Agent. DIRECTOKY in The advertisements of the following individuals, firms and cor- porations, will be found elsewhere inserted in this edition, for the purpose of affording a reliable and useful Business Directory, to which, in the purchase, construction, improvement and maintenance of a "Suburban tioine," reference may profitably be made. N. B. — Th »so Imvittg occasion to address any of the parties or ownpani -h * mortised !> 1 > i -v, will please mention the fact of having t#ee;i their a dvertiser-nei.it in 'Suburban Homes." Ecal Estate. Charles Gfobisch, - - Tyler Park, IN". «T. G-eo. Y. I>e IVIott Clifton, Daniel C. Otis, ..Arlington, " James Crooks, Lake View, * 4 Sonthside Park, "' " Madison, A. Derrom, Paterson, " Greorge P> rown, " » 4 Riverside Land. Improv't Co Riverside, '* James Serven Pearl River, Baldwin & Crist, Newbni'gh, N. Y. Mlills Sc Kimber, G-oshen, " John J. Heard, " ki Insurance. A. A. P'onda, .. Paterson, N. J". Sewing Machines. JEtna Sewing; Machine Co., New York City- Sin ger lVIanufactu.ring Co., ^ *' " Groceries. Gfeorge C. Mason,...: Paterson, IN". J". Hotels. Occidental Hotel ...Groshen, N. Y. Fowler Ploixse Port Jervis, IS". Y. Architects and Builders. A.. Derrom Paterson. IS". J. A. .J. Bicknell Sc Co., New York City. Carpets and Upholstery Work. Stitton & York ...Paterson, N. J. Glothing. "Wade Sc Cnmming, New York City. Vases, Statuary, etc. .T. L. IVEott, Iron "Works New York City. House Furnishing Goods. Cooper Sc King, Paterson. N. ,T' Landscape Photography. Gf. Gr. Rockwood New Yorlc City. Hew Gable. C. Graham Sc Son Elizabeth, N. .J. Excursion Travel. Uirie iiailvvay New York City. f etna f ewing jfachine, J v J The most simple, durable and silent Lock-stitch Machine; is always ready to do the work, and no mechanic required to keep it in order ; thousands of them run for 10 years without any repairs. Constant improvements have brought this machine to perfection, light running, high speed, and neat form. Agents can sell these Machines without fear of competition. TRY IT AND CONVINCE YOURSELVES!!! Call or address Principal Office, 264 BOWERY, N. Y., Factory, 85, 87, 89 and 91 ELIZABETH ST., N. Y. J. E. BRAUNSDQRF & CO. JAMES SERVEN, AT PEARL RIVER, ON THE HACKENSACK R. R., Offers Lots and Villa Plots from $100 to $1000, according to location on Avenues, from 60 to 100 feet wide, with the finest views in Rock- land County. Building Loans on liberal terms will be made. i§ *$SR^. ^B-a^ 5 d ^ ' ^{/1^^^ ! 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