!)i!i:i ii mm I *ii iiiiif ill ii ,1! jl, 1il| fliV li^r ISSUED BY :mei|h gstate §iiokei[, LaPorte, Ind, ADVERTISEMENTS. 1 J. HAMBURGER & CO., MERCHANT TAILORS, AND DEALERS IN OOREADY-MADE CLOTHING,00 MilllT STUEET, OTT", court HOUSE- THE NEW DRUG STORE. JNO. H. BUGGIE & CO., Prescription Druggists, ALLE/i/'S BLOCK, LAPORTE. IND. Goflils all Net and First-Class, Fair DealiBgs and Lowest Prices. DYE STUFFS AND MjlCHINE OiLSjV SPECIjiLTY. r. B.— Our very light Expenses enable us to make Prices that defy competition, and we invite all, who are in need of anything in our line to call and examine Goods and learn Prices. All Goods Guaranteed Strictly First-Class. Our new Tooth Powder Is acknowledged by all to be the Best in the Market, and is guaranteed not injurious; TRY IT. IRVIN VAN WIE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Rooms 5 and 6 Alexander Block, LA PORTE, INDIANA. I HISTORY UF LA POKTE COUNTY. f- •$? - f * Before purchasing a Piano or Organ elsewhere, call upon or correspond with me and I will give you Prices that no other Dealer will Duplicate. § wmmAM F^m B^&E'-^m'mB&m i.w £^&t^&&.mm^t&. m^Bimi s#€) 64 Mi€mmm^- ^vm^wm^ ADVERTISEMENTS. S. C. WHITING, M. D., HOMEOPATHIC PhystL stctan w LA PORTE. OFFICE AND RESIDENCE No. 7 WEST JEFFERSON ST., ■BETWEEN II^Dpjl jlHD MICHIGAyVEf ES. HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. SAVINGS BANK, Organized August, 1871, under State Authority. ALL INVESTMENTS MADE AS REQUIRED BY THE STATE LAW. Every Depositor a Stockholder, Exclusively a Savings Bauk for the People. No Connection with other Banks. All net earnings divided among the depositors. No, 60 Michigan Ave., LaPorte, Ind. TRUSTEES: . JOHN SUTHERLAND, DPt. T. HIGDAY, BENAJAH STANTON, T. W. BUTTERWORTH, FRED'K BAUMGARTNER, SAMUEL DOWNING, SHEPHERD CRUMPACKER. OFFICERS: JOHN SUTHERLAND, Prest. DR. T. HIGDAY, \ ^._ p,.„.,„ BENAJAH STANTON, ] ^^^*^ ^^-lesrs. J. II. VINING, Cashier. Ope7i daily from g to 12 A, M., and from i to 4 P. M., and from 6 to 8 P. M., on Saturdays. Dividends Computed from the 1st of each Month. dividend days July 1st, and January 1st, of each Year. ^^Over $30,000.00 of dividends paid depositors, and always at eight per cent, per annum, semi annually since the Bank started business, and it now has an interest account and surplus of $12,000, sufficient to pay three more dividends to all its present depositors at the same rate. Assets personally examined by Examining Committee, at least twice a year, and by Auditor of State as required by Law. ADVERTISEMENTS. eP. KING DEALER IN DRY GOODS CARPETING, Nos. 66 AND 68 MICHIGAN AVE., LA PORTE IND. The largest Dry Goods and Carpeting estaolishment in LaTorte County; The size of the Double-Store being forty-six feet front, by eighty feet deep. Polaski King, the proprietor, has been proprietor in this establish- ment for thirty-one years. In addition to the Dry Goods and Carpeting, there is a Merchant Tailoring department connected with the establish- ment. Goods are sold at the lowest prices. IF. 1^X1:TG-. HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY, ^-o-sixs-ess Ssta.'bllsls.ed. ±SSG. WASHINGTON WILSON. S. P. FRASER. WILSON & FRASER, -^HARD AND SOFTi^ Wood Lumber, ^hingles, ^dth | ^qn^re timber, FIOlCETe. F08T8. ^O. Cyooffice and yard,oo 8i W. MAIN COR. CHICAGO ST., ADVERTISEMENTJS. R B. ALLEN, Gardener and Florist, GAI[DEI(ON THE EAST SIDE OF Plf(E LAKE, LA PORTE, - - INDIANA. Eas for sale all kinds of Vegetables in their Season, AND STRAWBERRIES, Raspberries, Blackberries, Grapes and other Fruits in great abundance. He Is Prepared to Supply the Home Market, and can do so on Short Notice. His Facilities in the way of GROUNDS, HOTBEDS AND GREENHOUSES, are Extensive, and under the Finest Cultivation. All in want of pure, fresh Vegetables, Fruits and Floweis, should give him a call. Bouquets, Wreaths, Crosses and Floral designs of any description, furnished to order on short notice. g HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. OTHE STATE FIREO Insurance Company, LA PORTE, - - INDIANA, Organized, Oct. 1, 1875. CAPITAL, - - $150,000.00. HON. JAS^E^ TACKAfR'D, "Prest. L. A. COLE, Vice Prest. ^ENJ. W. GOODHUE, Secy. HON. MO^TIME' . WOMEN AND CHILDREN, Also Proprietor of DR. DAKIN'S IMPROVED CATARRH REMEDY. SsT^dL t-r I3:iran. for Clrc;-a.l3i,r- 10 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. A. P. Andrew, Jr. Abram P. Andrew. A. P. Andrew, Jr. & Son, BANKERS, Opposite the Court House, La Porte. \l\le do a General Banking Business. We give depositors the best of security, namely — personal liability to the full extent of all our real estate and personal property. T^TE SOLICIT THE ACCOTTITTS Of all those wlio regard perfect secnrity as tie first consideration. WE PAY INTEREST BY SPECIAL A&REEMENT. ADVERTISEMENTS. 11 THE LA PORTE OWEEKLYO CHRONICLE! PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY La Porte, Indiana. It Supports the Principles of the Republican Party, but never descends to personal abuse of political opponents. It is a first-class famihj ncivsjxiper, its general miscellaneous articles being interesting ^ useful^ and morally pure. A gentleman distinguished in the literary world says of the Chroni- cle : " Papers, like people, may be either clowns or gentlemen, and the Chroxicle belongs to the latter class. Established July i8th, iSy^. TERMS: $1.50 Per Tear in Advance- CipL/lTION HPW LARGE >ND CONSTANTLY INCRE/SI\G. As an Advertising Medium the Chronicle has not its equal in the County. 12 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. OOSTEAM, BOOK/ND JOBoO No. 3 7 Michigan Avenue. This Establishment is supplied witlj a number of Past Steam Presses, and the most complete assortment of Xew and Beautiful Tyi)e, Borders, Cuts, Rules, and all conveniences for doing all kinds of Plain and Ornamental Printing, to be found between Toledo and Chicago. WOf[K DONE WELL AND LESS TH^IN CHlCylGO P[[1CES. WE KEEP ON HAND A COMPLETE STOCK OF Card Boards, Ruled Letter and Bill Head Paper. Fine White and Colored Johhing Papers, Black and Colored Inks, ^j-c. Being Practical Printers of Ions; Experience, We feel Jnstified in Warranting Perfect Satisfaction. KEMEMBEK THE PLACE, OWO. 37 MICHICAIT AVE1TI7E,0 LA PORTE. ADVERTISEMENTS. 13 DR Sstalslislied ISSG. PAINLESS CUREO leeo®mmend©(i bj iJtm This Antidote enables the patient to discontinue the use of Opium in my form, at once, without pain or inconvenience, and without any inter- L'uption of ordinary business. It rebuilds the broken constitution, and restores the nervous system to a healthy condition. DISCOVERED IN THE YE>R 1868. liii Oiii ifgf ilie©?iiii. DR. COLLINS' REFERENCES IN LA PORTE, B». S. E. Taylor, Steam Printer and Publisher. T. A. Holland, Publisher Holland's Directories. Fred'k West, Druggist. £d. Rathbun, Livery. Edward Vail, .Jeweler. Y. W. Axtell, Prop'r Teegarden House. .Judge Niles, Dr. T^. C. Rose, Wm. M. Scott, Photographer. Major Eraser, Genl Packard, R. 8. Morrison, Cash'r Ist Nat. Bnk. 3S-.THERIAKr.^ A magazine of one hundred pages, containing a full description of the Antidote, and many other articles of interest to Opium Eaters, is issued quarterly, and will be sent free of charge to all interested. DR. SAMUEL B. COLLINS, La Porte, Ind. SEE OPPOSITE PAGE.^::r^ 14 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. —DEALERS IN— CLOTHING? DRY GOODS Hats ant Caps, and MMwi doote. DOUBLE STORE, 11 & 13 E. MAIN STKEET. An uninterrupted business experience of upwards of twenty years, besides other advantages, enables us to offer the public as good inducements in the above branches as any other house. We keep the largest stock of READY-MADE CLOTHING AND PIECE GOODS, suitable for men and boys in this part of the State. By manufacturing largely ourselves, we aim to suit the exact wants of the people, and furnish better made goods. In Hats, Caps^ Furnishing Goods and Trunks, ive keep a most complete assortment. Qur DRY GOODS DEPARTxMENT is amply stocked with everything desirable. Dry Goods have not been so cheap before in fifteen years. We are guided by the policy of " Quick Sales and Small Profits." iSS^'We respectfully solicit a share of your patronage. DAVIBSOU BnOS. ELECTRO-THERAPEUTIC. ELECTROPATHIC AND HYGIENIC IITSTITTTTE. Mrs. Dr. Stevens takes pleasure in announcing to the public that she has established the above-named Institute at La Porte, Ind., and is prepared to treat all kinds of Acute, Chronic, Uterine and Nervous Diseases on scientific principles by Electro -Thermal, Vapor and Sulphur Baths. INSTITUTE LOCATED ON Corner of Indiana Avenue and Harrison Street. Consultation free, charges moderate. Patients received in the Institute. ADVERTISEMENTS. 16 GEO. C. DORLANU CONVEYANCER, ^kl ESTATE >f(D l^]l\k\a /GE^T, AMracls of Title to all Lands in LaPorte Connty. Reliable Insurance at Reasonable Rates. OFFICE: ROOM NO. 1 STATE BANK BUILDING, LAPORTE, INDIANA. The La Porte Wheel Company, (established 1870,) Agricultural Vl^heels, HUBS, SPOKES. PLOW HANDLES, NECK-YOKES, AX HANDLES, &c. Also Grain Cradles OF THE GRAPE-VINE AND TURKEY-WING PATTERNS. "m PORTE CUPPER" Corn Plow and Cultivator. 16 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. SCOTT IS THE PHOTOGRj\PHE!l OF NORTHEI[I( INDIMA. Opposi-be "tlie Co-ar-b Hoiise, -^C- G- DO'W"IiIITC,C And Dealer in Gents' Furnishing Goods, 22 W. Main Street, Opp. Court House. La Porte. Several years experience in the Merchaiu J'-.iiloring business enables me to offer special induce- ments to those requiring first-class Clothing. Satisfaction guaranteed, and competition defied, as to Style, Fit, and general appearance of the work done by me. I claim and maintain that my work is superior to anything m my line in Northern Indiana. 4®^Give me a trial and I will prove it. C. C. DOWLINC. dp:aler in — DRY GOODS AND GROCERIES, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, Clo-bliing, sind Gean-bs' Piimisliiaag Goods, Croclrery^ Q-aeensT!u-a.re, IIa.rd-wra.re, &c- KINGSBURY, IND. PHOTO--ARTIST, No. 17 East Main Street, La Porte. ^"Constantly grows in popularity with the people. ) \}^\. i^His work gives the best of satisfaction. ADVERTISEMENTS. 17 CORNER MAIN i MONROE STS. "THE OLD RELIABLE." Situated in the Centre of the Business part of the City. C. A. BARD, In BaseiDeit efler S. E. Taylor & Co.'s Printing Office, t mtm ^t mx^r^ OOAND ON REASONABLE TERMS.eO 18 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. CLOSSE[[ & PLSOR ■ Manufacturers of and Dealers in Boots # Shoes AN EXTENSIVE LINE OF SLIPPERS. GAITERS I RUBBER GOODS. Th-eir Goods are First-Class, and th.eir Prices are Zleasoxiable. All are M&i to Call vA EiamiDe their Sioci is always fiill it in ereat variety', tn W^tU^ %tMnnn< '^-^BOaZLSr r e3 FuUo"^ " rlfl HON JASPEP. PA.CKARE, REPRESENTATIVE FROM INDIANA KCISTOIES-ST -OF- LA PORTE COUNTY, INDIANA, AND ITS TOWNSHIPS. TOWNS AND CITIES, JASPER PACKARD. ;9 , LA PORTE ; S. E. Taylor & Company, Steam Printers, 1876. 20 HISTORY (tp LA PORTE COn^'TY. f ^l^erlf Wuitt Wetfta ^itrlliitiBt Erected in the Year i870. ^^ DEDICATION: To THE Pioneers uk La Porik (.'ounty who yet reniain among us, like the last leaves upon the trees at the approach of winter, who pitched their tents here when the prairies and groves were the home only of the savage and the wild beast, and who planted the first seeds of civilization, of material progress, and learning and religion, this volume is respectfully inscribed by The Ar^THOR. History of La Porte County. PREFACE. Local histories are the basis of general history. They supply all its popular elements. The great mass of people study historical details only by restricted localities. Few read the immense volumes of the history of past ages, and almost forgotten lands, but all desire to know something of the history of their own country, their State or their county. With a view to supplying such local infor- mation in a permanent form for preservation, so far as it relates to La Porte county, this history is prepared. The facts concerning the early settlement of the county are fast fading from the memory of men. The pioneers are disappearing from our midst. Death is busy ; and with the passage of a few more years, none will be left who were eye witnesses to the time when our prairies and groves existed in their virgin loveliness untouched by the plow or the ax. The material facts for such a history as this must come largely from the men who made it, and unless written now or very soon, it never can be Avritten. Great labor is involved in the work of its preparation, much more than there would be, if its basis was docu- mentary; but it has been undertaken, notwithstanding other duties have pressed very heavily, in oi-der to supply what seems to be a public need. Ir aims simply to be a repository of facts, most of which would, in a few more years be entirely lost. To obtain these facts of local, historical interest, and put them in a IVo-iu for perma- nent preservation, is the object of these pages. No county in the State is more worthy of having its history preserved, both on account of the men who settled it. and the rich and fruitful lands PREFACE. 23 which became theirs to occupy. The county has within it elements of wealth and prosperity which are yet largely undeveloped. There is latent wealth hidden away in every part of it, from the sand ridges on the north, across the prairie belt of the center, to, and including, the Kankakee marshes on the south, which will yet prove the richest and most productive soil of our county. The avenues of an extensive commerce are at our doors. Besides the eight railroads which cross the county in various directions, a good harbor is opened at Michigan City, giving access to the great lakes, and bringing into our midst a large share of the trade which floats on this broad highway. But the harbor is yet in its infancy; and as it is extended and made more commodious, the commerce of the lakes will seek it, and bring the products of the Lake Superior iron mines, and the pine forests of Michigan for shipment southward and eastward by rail, the facilities for which are ample at Michigan City. A heavy business is now done in this line, but it may be increased ten-fold, until the entire county shall feel the spur of enterprise and rise into a new life, for which there is abundant motive and oppor- tunity. The county, largely agricultural, has by no means developed its full powers in this respect. The soil, naturally productive, might be made to produce far more than it now does, and being so much nearer the eastern markets, with abundant means of transportation, our formers possess ver}^ decided advantages over those of Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin. Higher farming would produce larger crops and heavier profits to the acre. The man who cultivates two hun- dred acres, taking from them respectable crops of wheat and corn, would realize far larger net gains if he took the same amount of products from one hundred acres. And it could readily be done by improved systems of cultivation and the addition of fertilizing mate- rial to supply the exhaustion annually occasioned by the growing crops. With a more vigorous growth of crops, stimulated by fertil- izers, and better cultivation, there would be less damage occasii i!cned by the government ; and it lay a useless wreck, stranded on a bar worse than that at the harbor's mouth — the foolish, waste- ful policy of stopping work at the very time when wor-v was neces- sary to preserve that which had already been done. The cribs so^n washed partially away, the channel filled up with sand, and the fond dream of a good harbor at Michigan City, was only a dream, to all outward appearance ; the chances of anything ever being accom- plished, seeming far less than when in 1836, the Sea Serpent entered Trail creek amidst the enthusiastic plaudits of the people. The facts concerning these futile efforts to make a harbor, are obtained from the notes of Mr. Wm. H. Goodhue, who pertinently says, ''Hope, for a season," bade Michigan City farwell. But the despondency was not to last. The energetic spirit of enterprise which characterized the men who had built up Michigan City, still animated them ; and they determined that with the opening and opportunity for a harbor at their doors, they would not sit quietly down, fold their arms, and close their eyes, and let the sands cover them. They resolved to build a harbor themselves. MICHIGAN TOWNSHIP. 91 In 1865, they obtained from Congress 'a relinquishment of the remains of the old works, and the right to build where they had been. Then they organized the " Michigan City Harbor company," and in 1866 and 1867, having procured heavy voluntary subscrip- tions from the citizens, they proceeded Avith the work, expending in a most judicious and economical manner, more than one hundred thousand dollars. Two piers were built into the lake one thousand, and one thousand two hundred feet respectively, which were strong and well secured, supported by piles driven through the sand, and into the tough blue clay, which forms the bottom of the channel. The entrance was two hundred feet wide, and the water was at that point from fifteen to twenty feet deep. Thus they proved what had been doubted, that a permanent harbor could be made, and then having expended all their available means, and finding it impracti- cable to obtain further subscriptions, they applied to Congress to finish the work which they had so well begun, and that body in 1867, granted them $75,000. With this assistance, the work was pushed forward with energy and success, under the supervision of a government officer, Capt. E. Bennett; and the next year, 1868, the Secretary of war, out of the general appropriation for rivers and harbors, allotted $25,000 to Michigan City. In the spring of 1839, Congress again made a general appropriation for rivers and harbors to be distributed by the Secretary of war, and out of it this harbor received $32,500. This amount, with the unexpended bal- ances of the former appropriations, enabled Capt. Bennett, who so managed the funds entrusted to his charge that not a dollar was misapplied or wasted, to extend, enlarge and Tieepen the channel until vessels of ordinary draft could enter it with ease and safety ; and a large trade arose in lumber, iron ore, lath, lime, plaster, salt, and other heavy commodities. It was evident that with further enlarged facilities, a large commercial trade would center at this point. But while the harbor was of vast importance to Michigan City as a commercial point, it was clear that a good harbor here would be of equal importance to the general commerce of the lakes. The chief of the bureau of engineers Gen. A. A. Humphrey became convinced of the necessity of its use as a harbor of refuge for lake ^2 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. shipping, and he recommended to Congress increased appropria- tions for this purpose. The work was not neglected, but each year in succession an appropriation has been obtained, ranging from $15,000 to §50,000, the latter sum being allowed first with a view to beginning work on an outside harbor, or harbor of refuge : and this has been the regular annual appropriation ever since. The commerce invited by this harbor, has been steadily growing, and is larger the present year than at any other time since the first vessel entered it. Under the direction of Capt. Manning, an officer of the engineers, the government work on the outside harbor is being vigorously pushed forward the present season, and the inside harbor is being enlarged by dredging out further up the creek, in order to meet the wants of a rapidly growing trade. The latter work is done by the corporation of Michigan City ; and the early dream of a good har- bor and a large commmercial port bids fair at last to be realized. The first physician who settled in Michigan City, was Lee H. T. Maxon, who came in 1835. Other physicians who came early to the place were Doctors DeWitt, Strong, Chas. Palmer, and S. Pul- ford. Among the first lawyers were J. R. Wells; A. W. Enos; Hathaway and Chapman ; and Thomas Tyrrell, who disappeared, and was never heard of afterwards. Later came Thornton & Orr. Besides the hotels already named, there was the Franklin, and Genesee House. The labor on the latter was paid for in Genesee, Michigan, or " wild cat" money, and a little later the Jewell House was erected by Mr. H. Jewell, who still resides in the city. The Franklin, which stood on Schoeneman & Ashton's corner was kept by Mr. Jewell during the Harrison campaign. The Lake House was kept awhile by Ainsworth & Jewell. The "United States" also was kept by Mr. Jewell for a time. About the same time, Sweetland & Pulford were the landlords of the Exchange. From 1836 to 1841, the forwarding and commission business was carried on by Sleight & Gould, whose location was down near the harbor; Samuel Moore, who was succeeded by J. & C.Hitchcock, at the bend of the harbor, occupying what was known as the Moore warehouse; E. Folsom & Co.; Wm. S. Clark; C. B. & L. Blair; Goodhue & Mcx\doo. The principal merchants were, for the same MICHIGAN TOWNSHIP. 9B period, Yiele & Brother, on Ames' corner; A. Chittenden, who was succeeded by C. B. & L. Blair; Shedd & Turner; Carter & Barker; McKnight k Co.; James McAdoo ; Fisher Ames & Co.; Harvey Treusdell ; Cole, Peck & Co., in sheet iron and stoves; and Ames & Holliday, druggists. From 1837 to 1844, Michigan City was the principal grain mar- ket for Northern Indiana, wheat being received from as far south as the central portion of the State. Huge caravans of ox teams, with two and three yoke of oxen to a wagon, would come in, sometimes thirty or forty such teams together. The supplies for all this large extent of country were purchased here. The same teams which conveyed the wheat to market, would return laden with goods fur the home merchants. It was not uncommon for three hundred teams to arrive in one day. The trade of the place was necessarily large and prosperous ; but the advent of railroads at points further south cut off much of the business of Michigan City, by furnishing a grain market elsewhere ; and this, together with the suspension of work on the harbor, as before related, opened a somewhat gloomy prospect, which was considerably relieved by the arrival of the Michigan Central, and Louisville, New Albany and Chicago rail- roads ; and quite dissipated by the re-opening of the harbor from 1867 to 1872. There are at Michigan City five railroads, four of which have one terminus each at this point. These are the Michigan Central, which reached here in 1850, and the next year erected valuable machine shops; the Louisville, New Albany and Chicago which entered the city in 1853, and put up a fine freight depot and other buildings ; the Joliet cut-oif, which is owned and run by the Michi- gan Central, but has a separate track ; the Michigan Lake Shore, which runs by the side of the Michigan Central to New Buffalo, where it diverges to the north; and the Indianapolis, Peru and Chicago road which was completed through from LaPorte in 1871. These railroads make the city quite a railroad centre, and afford facilities for the shipment of lumber and other commodities arriving by vessel. The Northern State prison was located at Michigan City in the year 1857, and with an appropriation of $50,000 made by the Leg- 94 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. islature of that year, work was commenced at once. The contract for constructing the cell house, and some of the other buildings, and the outside wall, was let to D. J. Silver; and a part of the labor of construction was performed by convicts from the Southern peniten- tiary. The land occupied by the prison was purchased of Chauncy B. Blair, who sold the State ninety acres, eight and one-half acres of which are enclosed by the outside wall. This wall is twenty-five feet in height, three and one-half feet in thickness at the bottom, and two feet at the top. It is built of brick and covered by a stone coping four feet in width. At each corner there is a tower, construct- ed of stone. These towers are handsome structures, and give an air of tasteful elegance to the huge wall. Within the enclosure are the cell house, the deputy warden's house, a building con- taining the dining room, wash room, kitchen, chapel, hospital, and State repair room ; five shops, two of which are one hundred feet each in length, one a hundred and fifty feet, another, one hundred and sixty feet, and the other, two hundred feet in length ; and two engine houses and a blacksmith shop. On the outside of the wall is the warden's residence house, and two houses for the dwellings of guards. The Artesian well supplies an abundance of water for all fire exigencies ; but it is so impregnated with mineral substances as to be unfit for drinking or culinary purposes. The first warden was Col. Seelye, then Mr. Iddings of Fort Waye, next Thomas Wood, who was succeeded by Hon. W. W. Higgins, of Michigan City, and he in turn by the present warden, Mr. Charles Mayne. It was under the administration of Mr. Hig- gins that the prison first became self-supporting. Hayward «& DeWolfe were the first who entered into a contract for prison labor. They were engaged in the business of cooperage. Soon after Elisha Murray took a contract for prison labor, for the manufacture of wagons and carriages. He was succeeded by Finch & Barker. In the year 1867, Hon. J. H. Winterbotham bought into a contract with Jones and Chapin, and in 1869 bought them out. The firm is now that of J. H. Winterbotham & Sons. They work one hundred and fifty convicts, and are engaged in cooperage, and the manufature of carriage and buggy bodies, and sleighs. Their sales are very heavy, amounting to $150,000 annually. MICHIGAN TOWNSHIP. 95 Ford & Johnson also have a contract for, and work one hundred and fifty convicts. They are engaged in the manufacture of chairs, and their sales amount to about $125,000 annually. Some of their products have been shipped to Japan. They commenced business in 1870. There is also a cigar manufacturer who now has a con- tract, and employs some convict labor. The prison was completed in 1868, but the number of convicts has become larger than was intended or expected, and an additional cell room is now very much needed. There are three hundred and eighty single cells, and there are at present in the prison four hun- dred and eighty-seven convicts. The State has already taken steps to secure the additional cell room, an appropriation of §40,000 for this purpose having been obtained last winter, through the exertions chiefly of State senator J. H. Winterbotham. This prison has fully paid all its own expenses since the begin- ning of the administration of Warden Higgins ; and has been ex- ceedingly well managed both in its business conduct as affecting the public, and in its interior conduct as affecting the prisoners. In the matter of the successful and economical management of its business affairs, it has had no superior in the United States, and perhaps the same may be said also, of its course of prison discipline, which has certainly been most admirable. The car factory was originated and begun by Sherman, Haskell & Co., who manufactured freight and passenger cars. It has done a large business most of the time since its erection. The firm after- wards changed to Haskell, Barker & Aldrich, and then to Haskell & Barker. It is now incorporated under the name of the Haskell & Barker Car company. The factory made cars for the govern- ment during the war, sometimes emplying four hundred men. The fisheries of Michigan City have been quite extensive, and there is still a large annual catch made. Lyman Blair sometimes packed as high as $40,000 worth of White fish in a year. The years of the greatest catch of White fish and Trout were 1856 and 1857. There are now five or six boats engaged in the fishing trade. The packing of beef and pork was prosecuted by E. Folsom & Co., from 1841 to 1845, also by C. B. & L. Blair, and James Mc- ^^ HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Adoo. Since the opening of the harbor, the lumbering business has become the leading industry of the place. Several heavy firms are engaged in it, and their trade is larger this year than in anv pre- vious year. A great deal of iron ore is also received, for the Law- ton Iron company, located near New Buffalo. The company pur- chases from Couden & Roberts. There are only two buildings now standing on the spot where they stood in 1835. The old building which was used both as a school house and church stands now on Franklin street. Wood- ward was the first postmaster. The first light house keeper was old Mr. Harrison, but the present keeper, Miss Colfax, has had charge ot It longer, and has discharged her duties more satisfactorilv to the government, than any of her predecessors. The Elston survey of Michigan City was located on the fractional section twenty-nine. Large sales were made by the original propri- etor previous to 1836 ; and in that year he sold his entire remaining mderest to the Michigan City Land companay. This company was represented by Wm. H. Goodhue, and Wm. Teall, as trustees, until 1«41, when it was dissolved. The plat of Michigan City was filed for record in October, 1833; and in 1836 it adopted a city organ- ization, and elected Willys Peck the first mayor. He ran af an anti-slavery whig, against Wm. Teall, Democrat, and was elected, the Whigs being then as they were for many years afterwards, in a decided majority. Since the location of the Elston survey, additions have been filed to Michigan City as follows : An additional plat was filed by Major Elston soon after his first survey was recorded. Burr's addition was recorded April 25, 1836. Orr's addition was recorded April 30, 1836. Waddell's addition stands of record on the books of the county recorder, but the date is not given. ^ West addition was made by a company and stands recorded in the year 1836, on the 29th day of some month, which is omitted. East addition was made by a company probably in 1836, but the date of recording is not given. Miller's addition is recorded. No date given, but from dates which precede and follow the record of it, it must have been made in Ioo<. MICHIGAN TOWNSHIP. 97 Duncan's addition was made at an early period. Orr & Cobb made an addition which was recorded January 16, 1838. The Michigan City Land company's addition of water lots was filed for record October 1, 1841. Blair's additton was recorded February 28, 1856. Bigelow and Winship's addition was recorded October 4, 1858. South addition was made by a company and recorded Mav 26, 1866. Southwest addition was made by a company and recorded May 21, 1873. DeWolf's South addition was made and recorded June 16, 1873. Orr and DeWolf s addition was recorded September 3, 1873. The last addition made to Michigan City is that of Wm B. Mc- Cartney, and consists of over five hundred lots. The population of Michigan City was less for a few years after 1836, than it was during that year, the stringency of 1837 and the few following years, having aflfected unfavorably the business pros- pects here as well as elsewhere over the country. After the year 1840 population began to increase again, and there have been grad- ual accessions ever since. There is a larger population at present than ever before, the inhabitants now numbering between five and six thousand. Michigan City has been subject to many vicissitudes, her pros- pects at times seeming to be very bright, at other times gloomy in the extreme; but the loading business men of the place have never abated one jot of heart or hope. When a bright future seemed to ofier, they have energetically set themselves to meet and improve its opportunities ; when the prospect was forbidding, they resolutely met the emergency, by themselves opening new avenues to prosper- ity. And they are beginning to have their reward. HISTORY OF LA PORTE. COUNTY. CHAPTER VI. CENTRE TOWNSHIP. At the organization of the county, the present Centre township was wholhy inckided in the limits of what was then Scipio, which extended from the southern to the northern boundary of the county, and was the central township of the three into which the county was divided. But a division of it was made at an early period. The Board of county commissioners, at their regular meeting on the fifth day of November, 1833, passed the following order: " Ordered that the township at present known by the name of Scipio be divided by the line dividing townships thirty-six and thirty-seven, and that all north of said township line compose a new township to be called Centre township and that Aaron Stanton be appointed inspector of elections, and John Stanton and Wm. Bond be appointed overseers of the poor in said township of Centre." Changes have occurred in the limits of Centre township as thus designated, until at the present time it occupies sections one and two of township thirty-six, range three, and all of township thirty- seven except the northern tier of sections, which are now a part of Springfield township. The first settlement made in this township was by Aaron Stanton on the twenty-eighth day of March 1830. He settled on section twenty-four, about two miles north of the eastern boundary of the city of La Porte. Philip Fail came at the same time, and settled on the same section but removed in the Fall to Kankakee town- ship. Wm. and Stephen Clement arrived in the township in the fall of 1831, and soon afterwards opened a store within the limits of the present city of La Porte. Benajah Stanton hauled goods for them from Niles, Michigan. Wm. Clark came in 1830, and made a settlement on section twenty-three, but did not bring his family until the fall of 1831. Adam Smith arrived in the fall of 1830. The Blakes, Landon, Wheeler, the Balls, John B. and Charles Fravel, Wilson Malone, Wm. Stanton and family, and Alfred CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 99 Stanton, all arrived very early. At the land sales at Logansport, James and A. P. Andrew Jr., bought land in section two, township thirty-six. They also bought land of Jesse Morgan, Wm. Thomas and Richardson, who had arrived earlier. In the year 1831, William and Jesse Bond settled on the east side of the township. John Garwood reached the county in 1831, and Brainard Goff in 1832. Settlers now began to arrive in great numbers. There was no part of the county more attractive than much of that which is now Centre township. The north part of it was well timbered; and on the south and west were broad reaches of rich prairie land, dotted with beautiful Burr oak groves. In prairie and woodland, were many sparkling lakes, the loveliest of which lay near the site chosen for the town of LaPorte. In 1831 Col. W. A. Place made a preliminary visit to LaPorte county, and being well pleased with the country, he determined to make it his home. He brought his family and settled in Centre township in October, 1832. He was here early enough to help build the first log cabin put up in LaPorte. It was built for George Thomas, and stood near where the depot of the Lake Shore railroad is now located. The population of Centre township exclusive of the city of La- Porte, is about 1200, consisting of intelligent and industrious citi- zens, engaged almost wholly in agricultural pursuits. In the imme- diate vicinity of LaPorte, there are several small fruit farms, and market gardens, which supply the city with fruit and vegetables dur- ing the season, and from which many products are shipped to Chicago. For the township generally, wheat, corn, oats and pota- toes are the staple products. Much attention has been given to providing means for the education of the children of the township, and in every school district there is a good school house. * About two miles north of the city of LaPorte, in Centre township, on the heights bordering the east side of Pine lake, is Pine Lake cemetery. It contains forty-seven acres, and is perhaps the most lovely spot in the county. For the beauty which nature has given it, there can scarcely be found in the whole country a more charm- ing place. It is controlled by an association, which was organized under a State statute in the year 1855. Gilbert Hathaway was the 100 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. first President of the association and Don J. Woodward, Secretary and Treasurer. Gen. Joseph Orr was President of the association several years, resigning the position only a few months ago ; and the valuable and tasteful improvements of the grounds are due in a great measure to his energy and public spirit, and the correct taste which he brought to the work of beautifying this resting place of the dead. Visitors to the place are always delighted with its diversified scenery, looking out upon the lake in front, and resting on a dark green back-ground of woods, while all between presents gentle elevations, quiet vales, and winding walks and car- riage drives. Nature furnished here a happy ground work of beauty ; and the hand of art, judiciously and tastefully employed, has per- fected the work, rendering this sacred city of the dead, a place of loveliness and solemn delight, as well as of sad and holy memories. In Centre township there is no town except the city of LA PORTE. LaPorte, the county seat of LaPorte county, is situated on the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, and Indianapolis, Peru and Chicago railroads. It is fifty nine miles east of Chicago, and twelve miles from the lake port at Michigan City, whith which it is connected by rail. For beauty of situation LaPorte is unsurpassed. East, south and west lie spread out, the rich prairie lands, inter- spersed with groves ; and on the north, coming up to the edge of the city is a chain of small lakes, gem-like in their beauty, the most noted of them being Clear lake, Stone lake and Pine lake. It is not stranire that those who first came, should have beheld in this spot the place for a town which should be the county seat of the county. It may readily be imagined that when nature only, had visited the lakes and groves and prairies of this locality, the dullest and most unsusceptible of minds must have been touched with its beauty. LaPorte is situated on what w^as known as the " Michigan Road Lands." They were sold at the land sales at Logansport in the month of October, 1831 ; and Walter Wilson, Hiram Todd, John Walker, James Andrew and Abram P. Andrew Jr., bought four hun- dred acres of them with a view to laying out a town which should be the capital town of the county. The town was laid out and the CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 101 original survey made in 1833. There were already a number of settlers in the place. Joseph Pagin had arrived in 1831 and built a house on the east side of Clear lake, near where the ice house now stands which replaced the burned brewery. Still earlier, in the year 1830, Richard Harris and George Thomas came, and built •cabins within the present city limits. The cabin of Thomas stood near the preserit location of the Michigan Southern depot, and it is said that his neighbors erected it for him on a Sunday. Wilson Malone who now lives in Porter county says he was the first person to sleep in this house, before it was occupied by the family of Mr. Thomas. In the winter of 1832-3, there were but three families in LaPorte, which were those of George Thomas, Richard Harris and Wilson Malone. Oak groves occupied the present site of the city, and when the Spring opened, and the wild flowers covered the future streets, and the trees were covered with foliage, and the green sward carpeted the earth, approaching to the very edge of the bright and unvexed waters of Clear lake, it formed a picture to charm the €ye and captivate the heart of the lover of Nature, whether savage or civilized. The intrusion of Geo. Thomas into the sylvan beauty of the spot was the signal for the advent of still more, and many a noble Burr oak fell, and many a flower was crushed under the feet of the sturdy pioneers who came to make homes and build a city. Thomas' house was constructed of slabs procured from a steam saw mill which Capt. Andrew had erected a short distance west of the town. It was in this house that the first session of the board of county commissioners was held. The first cabin soon had compan- ions; and in 1834 there were fifteen houses on the ground Avhich was to be occupied by the future town. Business was opening. Mechanics, merchants and professional men began to arrive. Charles Fravel came in 1832. The Blakes,-and a- man by the name of Lily kept the first hotels. John and Wm. Alison, Hiram Wheeler, John B. Fravel, Dr. Ball and Nelson Landon, were mer- chants in 1832 and 1833. Seth Way and Charles Ladd were dwellers in tents in those days like Abraham of old, and they fol- lowed the business of breaking up the sod of the prairie for the farmers who had fixed their homes at various points between La- 102 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Porte and Westville, and elsewhere in the county. In March, 1833, Thompson W. Francis, now of Michigan City, came to La- Porte to work as a builder and carpenter. He built the hotel which w^as kept long afterwards by Capt. Levi Ely. At the September term of the commissioners' court, 1833, a license w^as granted to J. F. & W. Allison to keep a tavern in LaPorte, and also to vend merchandise. Lfcenses were granted also to Wm. Clement and to Seneca Ball to vend merchandise. iVt the March term, 1834, a license was granted to H. & T. Wheeler to vend merchandise, and a license to Wm. Clement "to vend foreign and domestic liquors and groceries." At the September term of the same year, Amzi Clark was licensed to vend merchandise, also Absalom Walters; and Noah Newhall "to keep a tavern;" and at the November term following, A. & A. W. Harrison were licensed to vend merchandise. At the March, term, 1835, Wm. Cleme]2t w^as licensed to keep a tavern, and R. B. Hews and Hiram Wheeler to vend merchandise. In 1835, licenses were further granted to McCarty & Howell^ John Brown and Thomas H. Phillips; and to Daniel D. Rathbun,. Oliver Shirleff, Grover & Williams, John A. Fletcher and Mordecai Cross, to keep tavern. A license Avas also granted at the November term in this year, to Sherwood & Hixon, "to vend wooden clocks." In 1836, James Gibson, Arthur McClure, Samuel Darlington and Conrad Everh art were licensed to keep tavern; and McCarty & Howell and Eli Hays to vend merchandise. • A hotel which w^as kept by Mr. Blake stood on Brown's corner, the one now occupied by [_Eliers drug store. Afterwards General Brown himself kept a hotel there. The old wooden buildings which were the predecessors of the present brick structure, and which were burned a few yeai-s ago, -w^ere built by Gen. Brown. In laying out the town the original proprietors, Wilson, Todd, Walker and the AndrcAvs, donated every alternate lot to the county for the purpose of enabling it to erect a court house and other pub- lic buildings. The lots w^ere sold on easy terms, and during the years 1835 and 1836, the population largely increased. The Michigan City Gazette of July 22, 1835, in speaking of LaPorte CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 103 denominates it as "this flourishing village." A land office was opened here in 1834 or 1835, with Major Robb, Register, and John M. Lemon, Receiver. James Whittem was a clerk in the land office. Among lawyers first admitted to practice in LaPorte were Wm. 0. Ross June 10, 1833; John B. Niles, December 16, 1833; John S. Lacjj December 16, 1833; Wm. Hawkins, December 16, 1833; Robert Merrifield, October 13, 1834; B. B. Taylor, October 17, 1834; Wm. C. Hannah, October 18, 1834. In 1835, there were Charles McCleese, and John H. Bradley; in 1836, Myron H. Orton, Jabez R. Wells, G. A. Everts, Thomas Tyrrell, N. W. Sax- ton, and A. W. Enos; and in 1837, Andrew L. Osborn, Gilbert Hathaway, J. W. Chapman, and E. A. Hannegan. Some of these lived in Michigan City. In the month of July, 1838, the first newspaper that was estab- lished in LaPorte was sent out to the people of LaPorte and other counties. It was published by J. M. Stuart, and S. C. Clisbe, and was called the -'LaPorte County Wiig, and Porter, Lji'ie, and Marshall Counties Advertiser^ Stuart & Clisbe conducted it only about a year, when it passed into the hands of Capt. A. P. Andrew, Jr. It was a staunch Whig paper, hoisting in 1840 the names of Harrison and Tyler, for the election oi whom, and the candidates of the Whig ticket throughout, the editor of the Whig labored with zeal and energy and much efficiency. Stuart went to Michigan City, wher« he obtained control of the Grazette, the politics of which he changed from an earnest advocacy of the Democratic party to become the champion of the Whigs. Prior to 1840, a Democratic paper was established by Joseph Lomax, which was called the LaPorte Rerald. The campaign of 1840 was warmly contested, and not less so here than elsewhere. The town and county of LaPorte participated fully in the political spirit and feeling that characterized the campaign. The Rerald gave an enthusiastic support to Van Buren; the Whig, with equal earnestness, supported Harrison. Its columns were ornamented with a log cabin, the cut of which was made by a gunsmith of LaPorte. In the year 1833, the first school house was built. It was a 104 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. humble beginning, but educational privileges have gone on increas- and improving until now the system of graded free schools is the pride of every citizen. The graded schools were established in 1856, in which year a school building was erected in each ward, each of them having a primary and secondary department. Four of these buildings were of brick two stories in height. After the first term under the graded system a grammar department was opened which was taught in an old frame building belonging to W. D. Farnsworth, which stood not far from the present location of the High School building. The teachers in the various schools were R. M. Johnson, A. T. Bliss, Jasper Packard, Mrs. J. Packard, Miss. 0. M. Tibbits, Miss Emma Chandler, Miss M. A. Kent, and Mrs. Steele. The schools grew in strength and influence, and usefulness, under the wise management which they have fortunately always received, and a High School department was soon organized which was first taught by Jasper Packard. The first board of trustees were Gilbert Hathaway, Amzi Clark and B. P. Walker, who were succeeded by John B. Niles, James Moore and Ferdinand Roberts, and these by Wm. C. Hannah, L. Crane and Rev. Geo. C. Noyes, under whose administration the present High School building was erected. In 1863, this commodious school building was constructed, and with its completion, and the continued successful management and conduct of the schools, the educational advantages of LaPorte are of the highest kind. So excellent have been the public schools that from the time of the inauguration of the graded system, it has been im- possible for private or select schools to be maintained tor any great length of time, though several have been in operation at different times that wore well worthy of support. Such were those especially ot Mrs. Holmes who now conducts a fine school for young ladies in Springfield, Illinois; of T. L. Adams, just prior to his acceptance of the position of Superintendent of the public schools ; and the Technic and Training school of W. P. Phelon, all of which had to yield before the steady upward march of the admirably con- ducted free schools. These have never been more successful than during the present year under the superintendency of Mr. B. L. Swift, with J. R. Goflfe, and Misses Lyon and Crittenden as teachers in the High School, and an efficient corps of teachers in all the other CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 105 departments. The present board of trustees are Messrs. Donly Foster and Early. In the winter of 1840-41, a charter was obtained from the State Legislature, through the exertions of John H. Bradley who was then a member from LaPorte, for a school of high rank to be called the LaPorte University. The charter was drawn by Wm. Andrew, and provided for an institution that should have a literary, a medical and a law department. The next year the law department was organized under the charge of Judge Andrew, who received quite a large class of students. The medical department was organized in 1842. The building in which classes were first opened stood where Davidson's marble-front store is now located. A good building was afterwards erected on the square immediately south of the present High School building, and here the school progressed with a fair degree of success. The medical faculty consisted of the following gentlemen : Geo. W. Richards, M. D., Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine, John B. Niles, A. M., Professor of Chemistry. Daniel Meeker, M. D., Professor of Anatomy and Physiology. A. B. Shipman, M. D., Professor of Surgery. Nicholas Hard, M. D., Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children. E. Deming, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica. Levi F. Torrey, M. D., Demonstrator of Anatomy. In 1848-9, J. Adams Allon, M. D., became Professor of Materia Medica; George W. Lee, M. D., Demonstrator of Anatomy; and Tompkins Higday, M. D., Professor of Physiology and General Pathology. Dr. G. A. Rose was the President of the board of trustees, dur- ing a large portion of the time of the existence of the school, and among the trustees were Wm. C. Hannah, Secretary, John B. Niles, Treasurer, Rev. Wm. Andrew, Daniel Meeker, Rev. F. P. Cummins and Ezekiel Morrison. Tompkins Higday was Registrar in 1848-9. The name of the institution was changed to the "Indi- ana Medical College," and there were in 1846-7, one hundred and four students, in 1848-9, one hundred and one. The names of many of the students are familiar in Northern 106 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Indiana, and some of them have become distinguished throughout the State, and in other States. In the year 1843, the literary department of the university was organized. There was then at LaPorte, a school called the Lan- casterian Academy of which Rev. F. P. Cummins was principal, in which, besides a thorough English course inclu-.ling Philosophy, the Natural Sciences, and the higher Mathematics, there were taught Latin, Greek, German and French. This institution had but a brief existence. It is worthy of note that the circulars issued for the purpose of advertising this academy, stated that board could be obtained in LaPorte^". from one dollar to one dollar and fifty cents per week. When it was determined \o organize the literary depart- ment of the LaPorte Laiiversity, application was made to Prof. Cum- mins, to merge his school in it, as such a move would be likely to make it successful from th-^ start. To this proposition he assented and in connection with Eev. Mr. Marshall, pastor at the time, of the Presbyterian church, he opened this department of the Univer- sity. But it seems not to have met with the success which its friends anticipated and hoped; it languished, and died. The medical school continued to flourish for some years; but there grew np other schools which withdrew support from it. The medical department of the Michigan University was opened, the Rush Medical college at Chicago, a similar instituti:'n at Indianapo- lis, and one at LaFayette ; and finally the managers of the LaPorte school determined to suspend the lectures. This occurred in 1851 ; and the suspension proved to be a final closing up of ihe school. The building was afterwards occupied as a literary academy, Avhich was conducted by Prof Churchman, a blind man, and an excellent teacher. It was a school for girls only, and it was a flourishing institution until it was burned in the winter of 1855. The institu- tion was never re-opened, and the graded free school system having been adopted in 1856, and proving so eminently successful, there has been less need for private schools of any kind. For several years, the only private schools of importance, besides those hereto- fore mentioned, have been the schools of the German Lutheran church, and the Catholic Sisters. There has never been a time in the history of LaPorte, when CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 107 education failed to receive a large share of the attention of the leading citizens. Private schools have been at times well supported, and since the present system of graded schools came into existence, the whole people have cheerfully met the taxes necessary for the re- quired buildings, which are expensive and valuable, for the salaries of first-class teachers, and all the other incidental outlay. The earliest physicians to settle in LaPorte were Doctors Dinwid- dle, Timothy Everts, Daniel Meeker, and G. A. Rose, who arrived in, or prior to, 1835. They were followed by Abram Teegarden, who came in 1837, J. P. Andrew, Geo. L. Andrew, T. Higday, L. Brusie, Thos. D. Lemon L. C. Rose and others. The first ministers of the Gospel who came to LaPorte, will be mentioned in connection with the history of the various church denom- inations in another chapter. LaPorte has always been ably represented in the professions. The pastors of the churches have generally been men of culture, and intellectual power ; and many of her practitioners of law and medicine have occupied high rank in their profession, and enjoy a reputation co-extensive with, and even beyond the State. In the year 1835, A. W. Harrison Avas postmaster. This was during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, but soon after the inaug- uration of the new administration of Martin Van Buren in March, 1837, a change was made in the postoffice here. Dr. Thos. D. Lemon, being appointed. He held the ofiice continuously until the beginning of the administration of Abraham Lincoln, in 1861, when Geo. B. Roberts was appointed on the recommendation of Schuyler Colfax, then the Representative in Congress from the ninth congres- sional district of Lidiana. He held the office until after the assas- sination of Mr. Lincoln ma le Andrew Johnson, President. One of the most popular and useful institutions of LaPorte is the Library and Natural History association, which has been in exist- ence since 1863. It has continued to strengthen in public favor, until the present time, and its history will not be without interest now, and in the future. In 1868 the author of this work was requested by the association to prepare a sketch which should em- body the history of the institution. This he afterwards read to the board, and it was placed on file as one of its permanent records. The 108 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. substance of that report is herewith presented ; and is as follows : "On the fifth day of May, 1868, Wm. Niles, Esq., offered a reso- lution before the board of directors of the LaPorte Library and Natural History association, which was unanimously adopted, re- questing me to prepare a historical sketch on the origin, history, present condition, prospects and purposes of that association. Various controlling events have prevented an earlier compliance with the request of the board, but now at this late day, I have the honor respectfully to submit the following facts and thoughts on the important subjects named in this resolution. At the beginning of the year 1863, LaPorte was a city of nearly eight thousand inhabitants. As a people we claimed to be civilized, enlightened, refined and educated ; and yet there was not among us a reading room of any sort, and no library except the McClure, to which but few had access ; so few that it was practically without any influence on the community. A reading room, exhibiting on its tables the earnest thoughts and activities of the present in the current periodicals of the day, and a library containing the ripened wisdom of the past and the present are means of education, espe- cially to the young, w^hose utility cannot be estimated. Here was a great and pressing want unfilled, and there were a few, who, seeing and feeling the need of an institution that should, in some degree, meet the wants of the people, determined to organ- ize a Library association, that would, at slight expense, furnish books and periodicals to all who might choose to avail themselves of its privileges. It was believed that such an association would be influential in developing a literary taste, by cultivating a habit of reading, and that it would become a powerful educator of the people, positively, by stimulating the growth of the mind and promoting learning and scholarship, and negatively, by furnishing a pleasant and useful place of resort, to largely counteract the evils of vicious pleasures and associations; and on the 16th day of March, 1863, an organi- zation was effected by the adoption of a constitution, and the elec- tion of the following full complement of officers : President, Wm. C. Hannah; Vice President, James Moore; Re- cording Secretary, Wm. Niles; Corresponding Secretary, Rev. Geo. ■C. Noyes ; Treasurer, Fred West. CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 109 Directors— Wm. H. H. Whitehead, Dr. N. S. Darling, Ezekiel Morrison, Dr. L. C. Rose, Simon Wile, James Lewis, 0. Wilson and Charles Paine. The association thus organized was incorporated under the name of the ^'LaPorte Reading Room and Library Association." Negotiations were entered into with the McClure Working Men's Institute, which finally resulted in the transfer by that association to this, of all the books and other property of the former. The terms of the contract were such as to convey to the new association all the property of the old, to be held and used by it forever, or during its existence, with reversion to the McClure association in case of the dissolution of the new organization, upon the payment of the debts of the Institute amounting to fifty-five dollars, and the grant to each of its members of a membership for one year in the new association. This result was highly gratifying, as it at once gave to the Library association a permanent footing, enabling it to start with seven hun- dred volumes, many of them standard works in history and English literature. With this handsome nucleus at the start, around which to gather other works, until a large library should be founded, the attempt to build up a noble educational power in our midst, ceased to be an experiment, and became an assured success. I pause here in the course of this sketch, to notice an event that carried sadness to the heart, not only of the members of the associa- tion, but of all our people. On the 16th day of March, James Lewis had been elected as one of the board of directors, and on the fourth day of May, when the board held their regular meeting for the month, his place was vacant; death had invaded that active life, and sadly and unanimously the board passed the following preamble and resolutions : Whereas, By the death of our associate, Mr. James Lewis, this board has lost a valued member, whose worth we would commemor- ate in the records of this association, therefore, be it Resolved, That we recognized in Mr. Lewis an upright and gen- erous citizen, ever in earnest to advance the welfare of the commu- nity in which he lived, whether at the cost of money or of personal exertion. Resolved^ That we tender to Mrs. Lewis and the family of the 110 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. deceased our respectful and sincere sympathy in their bereavement. Mr. Lewis died on the 23d day of April, 1863. He was an upright and enterprising citizen, a faithful frienf], a zealous member of this association, and a devoted christian. On the 11th day of May, the board of directors submitted their first report to the association. In it they speak very encouragingly of the condition and prospects of the work before thern, and although they find some difficulties and discouragements in the way. yet they say, and very truly, that "these difficulties ought to weigh as noth- ing in comparison with the great need and importance to the whole community of an undertaking like the one upon which we are glad to believe, we have now successfully entered." At the meeting of the association on the 11th of May, it was necessary according to the constitution, to elect officers for the ensuing year. The election resulted as follows : President, Wm. C. Hannah; Vice President, James Moore; Recording Secretary, Wm. Niles; Treasurer, Fred West; Corres- ponding Secretary, Rev. G. C. Noyes. Directors. — Andrew L. Osborn, Charles Paine, Ezekiel Morrison Jacob Zook, W. H. H. Whitehead, 0. Wilson, and Landon C. Rose. The association seemed now fairly equipped for a race of useful- ness; but its early promise was doomed to undergo a blighting check. The meeting of the 11th of May adjourned with a prospect of vigorous growth before the young foundling. The members must have been too sanguine, and reposed too much confidence in the powers of the child, for they left it to run alone until the 26th of the following October, and then holding one brief meeting, a dark and impenetrable interregnum occurs of more than a year, from the 26th of October, 1863, to the 6th of December, 1864. This seems to have been the "dark age" of our association's history. It was even darker than the night of the middle ages, for then the monks in their gloomy cells did not permit learning quite to perish from the earth, and history penetrates the gloom of that cavernous night; but over those forgotten months of our society's life, whose record is forever lost, an impenetrable shadow has fallen, and nothing but the fiat of Omnipotent Power proclaiming "Let there be Light," could CENTRE TOWNSHIP. Ill disperse the gloom. It must have seemed to the friends of the asso- ciation that its light had gone out forever. But the usefulness of such an institution had become known ; and although the old officers and board of directors would seem to have been somewhat discour- aged, they determined not to stand in the way of any others who might be willing to try to give new vitality to the association. On the 6th day of December, 1864, the officers and members of the board, each and all resigned, and others were elected to fill the vacancies so created ; and the organization commenced its new exist- ence with the following officers : President, L. Crane; Vice' President, C. G. Powell; Treasurer, Wm. M. Scott; Corresponding Secretary, Rev. J. P. Ash; Record- ing Secretary, T. L. Adams. Directors.— Dr. Geo. M. Daldn, H. B. Weir, Dr. W. I.. Mc- Kahan, John M. Hood, Rev. J. H. Lee, Mr. Baker and A. J. Redding. As an indication of the vigorous manner in which the new board commenced their work it is worthy of note that at this meeting a committee of one was appointed to "prepare the Reading Room for occupancy by to-morrow." The work was done, and meetings have been held regularly at the Society's rooms from that time to the present. On the 6th day of November, 1865, the first movement was made towards renting the pleasant rooms now occupied by us ; and on the 20th of the same month they were occupied and have given the association a home, and our people a useful and attractive place of resort for more than three years. At the meeting of November 20th, 1865, .it was, with characteristic energy, resolved to "pledge ourselves as individuals te see the work carried through." This feeling has ever since actuated the directors, and the consequence has been the continued growth and prosperity of the association. Since the year 1864, a leading feature of the Society has been a course of lectures each winter. These ha^ve been given by the lead- ing men of the country, authors, poets, statesmen and divines. The lectures have embraced a wide variety of subjects, travels, history, national affairs, social reforms, the woman question, in fact almost every subject that engages the American mind at the present day. 112 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. These lectures, while not highly remunerative to the Society, have been an agreeable means of instruction for the people, most of them having been of a high order of merit, and worthy to have been heard by far more than availed themselves of the privilege. The growth of the library has been constant if not rapid. Handsome donations of books have been received from Morgan H. Weir, Benj. F. Taylor, L. Crane, and others, and in each of the last four years there have been additions by purchase, of from two to three hundred volumes. On the sixth day of April, 1868, a movement was commenced for the collection of a cabinet under the superintendence of Dr. T. Higday; and on the fifth day of May last the following preamble and resolution presented by Wm. Niles, Esq., were unanimously adopted : Whereas, It is proposed to form a collection of specimens in illustration of the natural sciences, and those interested in the matter desire to place the collection in the rooms of the association, if the donation will be accepted, Resolved^ that the association will accept such donations if made, and will preserve the collection, and increase it from time to time so far as can be done consistently with its leading objects. For their cheerful co-operation in this feature especially, of our association, both by liberal donations, and by labor in arranging the specimens in the cases, too much praise cannot be awarded to Drs. T. Higday, Geo. L. Andrew, Henry Holloway, H. B. Wilcox, and Messrs. Fred'k West, Samuel J. Fosdick and E. G. McCollum. Thus, from a beginning attended by doubts and fears, and through a history checkered by sunshine and cloud, we reached the society's present condition. At no previous hour has the prospect been fairer than now. Five lectures of a course of six have left us nearly forty dollars ahead, and this in a season when lectures nearly everywhere have failed to pay. Our cabinet, in illustration of the natural sciences, is neatly and tastefully fitted up, and though not large, is well worthy the attention of the curious. The reading room, furnished with all the leading magazines of the day, draws to the rooms daily large numbers of busy readers, and every night the rooms are crowded with the young of both sexes, quietly and CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 113 studiously securing information that will be a practical benefit during their lives. The library numbers probably over two thous- and volumes, consisting of many of the choicest works of the English language ; history, biography, poetry, travels, science, light litera- ture, philosophy, belles lettres, and every variety of reading to please every variety of taste. We have lived down the stale calumny that we are a political institution, and all classes of our people, without regard to party, sect or creed, have a warm side for the LaPorte Library and Natural History Association. Our prospects may be best told by our past history and present condi- tion.. We cannot doubt that our darkest days are over. The out- look before us is brighter and smoother than the backward look over the past. I look down the future, and see a long career of usefulness. I see our library expanding until these rooms grow narrow. The rich burden of thought here collected invites all our people to come and drink at the Pierean fount, not in little stinted sippings, but in vigorous draughts, that cheer the soul, enlarge the mind, and develope manhood. These thoughts are not fanciful, they are the grand possibilities of the future, and will be the gift of a generous now to the swift approaching then. The purposes of this association may be summed up in one word — improvement. The improvement and development of man^ as an individual, and as a member of the community. Our purpose is to educate, to develop thought, to enlarge and strengthen the mental powers, to purify the heart, to furnish rational and wholesome amusement, to make every man a better and stronger man, and every woman a better and more cultivated woman, to develop in the young a taste for reading, and make them acquainted with the great thoughts of the great authors who have honored the English tongue. One of the most striking characteristics of our civilization, one which has worked deepest, and is destined to have the most lasting impression, is the general diffusion of knowledge. We are pre-emi- nently a reading people, and the privilege is not confined to a few. All participate. The morning paper follows the man of business to the breakfast table. The last monthly throngs the rail-car and steamboat. The latest novel enters the parlor of the opulent, and 8 114 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. wrings the tears from eyes that never wept before ; while every avenue of life is penetrated by the ubiquitous newspaper. News — north, east, west, south, the tidings are borne. Over hill and valley speed the messengers of the press. The palace of the rich, and the log hut of the pioneer, are alike objects of their visitation. Histor- ies are multiplied. The dramatic touches of Macaulay, and of Bancroft, Prescott and Motley, give to historic composition all the charm of works of the imagination. All must read, young and old, male and female, man of leisure and man of business. There is no escape; the world is busy; it moves, so must man — every man — or he is left behind in a moment. It is our purpose to supply, as far as possible, this popular demand. A celebrated English divine and philosopher lays down five eminent means whereby the mind is improved in the knowledge of things. These are observation, reading, instruction by lectures, conversation and meditation. The first of these methods of improvement our association furnish- es, to a limited extent, by our cabinet of specimens illustrative of the natural sciences. Our library and reading room supplies the second, and the third is reached through our annual course of lectures. These are our objects — to supply three of the methods of enlarg- ing, informing and strengthening the mind. With some degree of pride we point to the past ; and we look forward hopefully to en- larged usefulness in the time to come." Since the date of the above sketch which was written in February, 1869, the Library imd Natural History association has continued to prosper. When Dr. Samuel B. Collins completed his marble front building on Michigan avenue, he generously oiTered to fit up the third story of the new building, and donate to the Library asso- ciation the free use of it for five years. The ofi'er was accepted, and soon afterwards, the removal was effected, and these fine rooms, are still occupied, the five years lease not having yet expired. Early in 1874, a movement was made to secure a permanent home for the Library. Gen. Joseph Orr, proposed to the Library board and citizens, that if they would raise the sum of $6,000 he would purchase and donate to the association the building known as CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 115 the old Presbyterian church, the lot, and the half-lot adjoining on the north, amounting to $4000. Immediately active measures were Ibegun for the raising of $6,000 by voluntary subscriptions, and these were finally successful. The money was subscribed, one-half of it paid in, and the property was conveyed to the association when an unfortunate disagreement occurring between Gen. Orr, and the board of directors of the Library association, in regard to the future arrangement of the building, and the manner in which the accumu- lated fund should be expended, the movement was abandoned, and the property was re-conveyed to Gen. Orr. Most of the money that had been paid in was suffered to remain in the treasury of the Library association, and many re-subscribed the amount still unpaid, the whole forming a large fund which is held by the board, and is now at interest, ready for use when an opportunity offers for the purchase of property that shall make a desirable and comforta- able home for the library. It is much to the credit of the citizens of LaPorte that an institution of this kind has received such constant and liberal support. In the year 1852, the Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana railroad was completed to LaPorte, and was extended rapidly to Chicago. Prior to this in 1839, the Buffalo and Mississippi rail- road was projected, much grading was done upon it through the county, and the board of county commissioners, in obedience to the petition of citizens subscribed for stock to the amount of §100,000. Only here and there a cut or an embankment remains to tell of the broken hopes of the people. In 1856, the Cincinnati, Louisville and Chicago railroad, now the Indianapolis, Peru and Chicago, was built between LaPorte and Plymouth. The gaps between Plymouth and Rochester, and Rochester and Peru were afterwards filled, thus giving LaPorte direct communication southward, as she already had to the east and west. In 1871, that part of the road between LaPorte and Michi- gan City was completed, and thus LaPorte is situated on the lead- ing line of railroad between the East and Chicago, and the principal line in Indiana from the la Re to the south. The rich farming country surrounding LaPorte has been the chief cause of its growth, though its manufactures, always an element of 116 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. prosperity, have been by no means insignificant. The machine shops of the Michigan Southern railroad were located here immedi- ately upon the completion of the road, and continued here until: 1870, when the machinery was removed to Elkhart. The build- ings are now occupied by the LaPorte Car factory. There have been several foundries, and establishments for the manufacture of machinery and agricultural implements of various kinds. The prin- cipal ones are now those of the Rumelys, who manufacture separa- tors and steam engines; James N. Brooks, who makes grist mill machinery and engines, and that of John W. Ridgway, which was burned a few months since and is now being rebuilt. There have been two paper mills in LaPorte, one of which failed and the other was burned and never rebuilt. The building of the former is now occupied by the LaPorte Wheel factory, which is prospering. The bedstead fiactory of Mr. Fred. Meissner has for many years been successful, and the chair factory under the management of Washington Wilson is doing a prosperous business. There are two woolen factories, each of them doing good work, three flouring mills and numerous wagon and blacksmith shops, which altogether give employment to a large number of hands. Within a few years past, a heav}^ trade has arisen in the ice that is taken from the lakes in the winter. The houses for its storage dot the borders of the lakes in every direction. It is chiefly taken from Stone, Clear and Fish Trap lakes. There is a Chicago firm engaged in the bus- iness, M. Thompson k Co.; a Louisville company; John Hilt & Co.y of LaPorte, and others of this city. Many thousands of tons are taken off each winter, and it is shipped extensively to Chicago, and the South. This is a flourishing business, and gives employment to many laboring people in winter when work is often especially need- ed, and difiicult to obtain. There are fifteen church edifices in LaPorte, Methodist, German Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Episcopalian, three Lutheran, two German and One Swedish, Swedenborgian, Christian, two Catholic, Friends' meeting house, Jewish Synagogue, and Colored. The church first built in LaPorte was by the Methodists in 1837. The edifice now occupied by the Disciples, and known as the Christian church was built by the ^Presbyterians in 1842. The Episcopalians, CENTRE TOWNSHIP. 117 ■erected their house of worship in 1845. It has been remodeled and much enlarged since that time. The present Baptist church edifice was built in 1859. The latest church building erected was that of the Presbyterians on Michigan avenue, which was completed in 1871. The original survey of LaPorte has received many additions, the most important one, and the largest, being that of Capt. A. P. AndrcAV, Jr., on the south side of the city. The area of LaPorte contains* now not less than eight hundred acres, and a population numbering about eight thousand. In 1835 there were but fifteen houses within the present limits of the corporation. A city govern- ment was adopted in 1853, and William J. Walker was the first mayor, who Avas elected to the office, and qualified on the fifth day of August 1853. His successors to 1861, were William Millikan, 1855: Fred'k McCollum, 1857; Wm. H. H. Whitehead, 1859; Daniel Noyes, 1861. Dr. L. C. Rose was elected in 1871, and served two terms, and Mortimer Nye was elected in 1873, and again in 1875. The city is divided into five wards, each represented in the city government by two councilmen. There are in the city more than one hundred business houses, gas works, ^Holly water works, a variety of manufacturing establishments as already mentioned, machine shops and foundries, tanneries, six hotels, numerous board- ing houses, many secret and benevolent associations, and many elegant residences, with well kept and tasteful grounds surround- ing them. Taken altogether, LaPorte is unquestionably the hand- somest city in Northern Indiana, if not in the State. Its wide and well shaded streets, its long rows of dark green maples, its groves and lakes and charming drives present attractions which are seldom equaled. LaPorte has had a steady but not rapid growth ; and all its busi- ness has been on a stable basis. Panics and stringency in the money market affect her business interests comparatively little. Her banks, of which there are five including the Savings bank, are safely conducted, and when two years ago the great financial crash •came upon the country no merchant or banker in LaPorte was touched. All weathered the storm easily and safely. Beautiful for situation, .safe in her business interests, and enjoying superior edu- cational advantages, LaPorte is a most desirable place for a residence, combining the health of the country with the privileges of the city. 118 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. CHAPTER VII. PLEASANT TOWNSHIP. At the March term, 1834, of the commissioners' court, on the third day of March, the board passed the following order : • On mo- tion of Wm. Holmes, Kankakee township is divided by the line run- ning east and west between townships thirty-six and thirty-seven, all that part south of said line in said county to constitute and form a new township of the name of Pleasant, that the house of Oliver Classon shall be the place appointed to hold elections for said town- ship, and that James Webster be appointed inspector of elections until the April annual election, or until his successor be elected and qualified." These limits have since been diminished by the forma- tion of Union, Lincoln and Johnson townships, until at the present time Pleasant township contains only the two northern and two central tiers of sections of township thirty-six, range two west. Prior to the opening of this region to settlement. Pleasant town- ship was one of the most attractive parts of the county. Its rich and flower-clad prairies, its groves of noble forest trees, its numerous small lakes, and flowing streams, combined to form a spot of unsur- passed beauty. After the settlement of the county began, this por- tion was not long permitted to remain in its pristine condition. In the year 1831 or 32, James Webster came from Virginia and set- tled on section one, in the northeast corner of the township. His son-in-law, James Highley, came at the same time. The next year, Silas Hale and Oliver Classon settled on section twenty-two. In 1833, John Wilson arrived from Ohio, and Andrew Harvey and Asa Owen. Valentine Nicholson came early, and Benjamin Butter- worth was present and bought land in the township at the land sales, but settled in the edge of Scipio township. Ralph Loomis arrived in Pleasant township, April 19th 1834, and in the same year came George S. McCollum and Samuel Stewart. Stewart bought land in sections four and five, and his home was only two miles from LaPorte. James Van Valkenburgh and a number of PLEASANT TOWNSHIP. 119 Others came in 1835. On the 26th day of May, 1836, George Bos- serman arrived on a prospecting tour, located and secured three eighties of land, some of the best in the county ; then returned to his former home, and reached the township again on the 1st day of December, 1836, in company with his brother-in-law, J. G. Mc- Caskey. There were then in the township, besides those named, Griffin Treadway, John I. Crandall, Geo. C. Havens, W. A. PJace, Stephen Norton and others. The following may also be named as early settlers; W. W. Burhans, Ziba Bailey, D. E. and I. B. Cop- lin, Wm. Everhart, John V. Rus^, G. W. Stewart, J. R. Stewart, Charles W. Wing, Seth Way, Curtis and John B. Travis, and other members of that family, and the Lomax family. The first school house built in the township was known as "Old Charity." A number of those interested were opposed to having it on the site where it was built, and they put it on wheels or rollers, and moved it to another place which suited them better. Then the other party hitched on to it one day (or night) and pulled it back to its former location. A second time it migrated; and thi'^ time it was run on the top^of a stump, so as to fasten it; but it auis after- wards pried or cut loose, and was made to take two or three more journeys, before the dispute was settled and the migratory school house was permitted to have a permanent abiding place. Since that early day, great advancement has. been made in educational facilities, and the interest shown in the subject of education, especially (luring the last twenty-five years has been most greditable. In 1850 there was not a good school house in the township. There were schools, but the houses where they were taught were inconve- nient, comfortless, well-nigh worthless structures. Now there are five school houses, all of them good ones. In the year 1835 or 36, Mr. Whitmer built a saw mill on the Little Kankakee,Jon land now owned by Mrs. Burson. Root & Graham also built one on the same stream, and about 1850, the Websters put up another. The first church in the township was Salem Chapel, built by the Methodists in 1853. The earliest preachers in the township were Elder St. Claire, Campbellite ; Elder Spalding, Baptist ; and Rev. Geo. M. Boyd, Methodist. 120 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. On the 9tli day of March, 1836, an order was made by the Board of commissioners dividing Pleasant township, so that all that part of it which lies east of a line drawn from the northwest corner of section one, south to the county line, should be known as Madison township. This does not seem to have been satisfactory to the peo- ple, and at the succeeding term of the commissioners' court, the order was rescinded. The Little Kankakee river runs through the northeastern part of the township, crossing sections two, one and twelve. The Indian- apolis, Peru and Chicago railroad crosses the township diagonally from southeast to northwest, and the Chicago and Lake Huron rail- road crosses the southeast corner. The former road has located a station in the southeast corner of section fifteen, called Stillwell. In 1870, a postoffice was established at Stillwell, kept by A. J. Wair, but after two or three years it was discontinued. The lands of this township consist mostly of fine arable prairie, with plenty of timber for all ordinary purposes. Immense crops of corn, wheat and oats are easily raised, and a part of the township is excellent for stock raising. The leading industry, almost the only one, is agriculture, and its farmers are uniformly prosperous. WILLS TOWNSHIP 121 CHAPTER VIII. WILLS TOWNSHIP. Wills township consists of twenty-four sections in Range one, and the eastern tier of sections of Range two, township thirty-seven. A portion of the congressional township, of which Wills forms a part lies in St. Joseph county, twelve sections on the east and northeast of Wills township being thus cut off from LaPorte county. As originally constituted it included all of the present Hudson town- ship, and six sections on the east side of Galena, extending to the Michigan line. Its six southeastern sections were then in St. Joseph county. The township was organized and its boundaries designated on the same day with Pleasant township, both being carved out of the original township of Kankakee. On the third day of March, 1834, at the reirular March term of the Board of county commissioners, the following order was passed : " On motion of Henry F. Janes for a division of Kankakee town- ship and to form the township of Wills in the northeast corner of said county, bounded as follows, to-wit : Beginning at the southeast corner of section thirty-three, township thirty-seven, north of range one west, thence north with the county line to the northeast corner of LaPorte county, thence wc^f with the county line to the section line one mile west of the rauge line dividing one and two west, thence south with said section line to the south side of township thirty-seven, thence east to the place of beginning, and that the house of Wm. West shall be the place for holding elections in said township, and that Henry F. Janes be appointed inspector of elections." The first settlers of Wills township were John Wills and his sons, Charles, Daniel and John E., who reached the township in the year 1830. They made a home on section six at the site of what is now called "Boot Jack." This was undoubtedly the first settlement of a family, but Asa Warren claims to have been the first man in the township, having come in 1829. Other settlers came in 1830. 122 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY.- Among them were Andrew Shaw, Joseph Lykins, John Sissany^ and John S. Garroutte; and in 1831 there came James Wills, Mat- thias Dawson, David Stoner, Dr. Chapman and others. In the month of February of this year a sad accident occurred, which was long remembered by the pioneers. Mary, wife of John S. Garroutte, had been to the house of a man named Garwood,pYhere the village of Hamilton now stands, in St. Joseph county, to visit his wife, who was sick. The day was clear and cold, and, on her return, she stopped at the house of John Wills. After resting a short time, she continued heV journey home- ward. The wind, in the meantine, had arisen, and the snow drifted in sheets. She dismounted from her horse and sought by walking, it is thought, ^to promote warmth. She was overcome, however, by the cold, and the next morning her body was found in the timber, near the bend of Plumb grove, upon the farm now owned and occu- pied by Geo. YV . Zigler. The mail carrier, who was traveling upon snow shoes, declared that when he discovered the body, the next morning, a wolf was traveling directly for it, and that he scared the annnal away. Her son, is now a merchant at Carlisle Hill. John Hefner ^arrived in the . township, probably in 1832, and Joseph Starrett bought an '-Indian Float," and settled on it in 1833. Jacob Gallion, Jesse AVillett, Nimrod and Jesse West, and J. Clark, all came very early. In the month of March, 1834, John Bowell came from Clark county, in this State, and made his home in Wills township. He brought with him ^his wife and children, consisting of the widows Drummond and Miller, Dr. B. C. Bowell, A. C. Bowell and A. J. Bowell. In November following, James Drummond, son-in-law of John Bowell, came with his wife. John Bowell died on the 10th of April, 1866, and Elizabeth, his wife, one week previously. Both , were buried on the same spot, as near as it could be ascertained, where they first encamped in the township. During this year (1834) Joseph Lykins put up the first frame house that was erected ni Wills. It was built in the northeast part of the township. George Hunt with a family of six sons arrived in 1835 ; and in that year a trading post was opened by an Indian named Rice, at the little settlement on section six. Rice left with the Indians in 1836. WILLS TOWNSHIP. 123 The little settlement became known as Boot Jack, which name it still retains, probably from the manner in which the roads converged into the hamlet. Andrew Shaw, however, gives a different account of the naming of the place. He says that upon one occasion a drunken tramp came to town, and stopped at the tavern. He was finally turned out of doors and refused any more whisky, whereupon he turned his maudlin eyes upon the guide board, which resembled that very necessary accompaniment of a gentleman's lodging apart ments, and exclaimed, "I christen this place Boot Jack." In the year 1851, a tavern was opened by a man named Kellogg, who also kept a few articles of merchandise for sale. John Parker afterwards kept a tavern, and subsequently sold out to Tom Nichols. There is now no hotel or store in the place. It was never surveyed and recorded as a town. In the year 1835, John Wills, James Wills, Asa Warner, John Sissany, Andrew Shaw, David Stoner, Jesse N. West, Howell Huntsman, Mr. Kitchen, Dr. Chapman, Matthias Dawson, George Hunt, John Bowell, Asher White, Edmund Jackson, Joseph Lykins, John Sutherland, Joseph Starrett, Wm. Ingraham, Scott West, John Hefner, Jesse Sissany, Wm. Nixon, Wm. West, Gabriel Drollinger, Andrew Fuller, John Vickory, Nimrod West, Jacob Glygeau, Jonathan Stoner, John Clark, Geo. Belshaw, Samuel Van Dalsen, Martin Baker, Jesse Collum, John Galbreath, Benj. Gal- breath and Mr. Gallion, were residents of this township, besides others whose names it is not now easy to obtain. On the 13th day of June 1836, Elder T. Price, of Edwardsburgh, Michigan, and Elder T. Spaulding, of LaPorte, organized a Baptist church at the house of James Hunt, and the names of the following persons were enrolled as members: James Hunt, John Salisbury, Matthias Dawson, Nancy Hunt, Martha Hunt, Catharine White- head, Sarah Mason, Phoebe Hunt, Clarrissa Canada, Sabrina Salis- bury, Alsie Dawson and Martha Whitehead. In the year 1837, a Baptist church was built on the grounds of George Belshaw. The eighth day of April had been fixed for that event. On the sixth day of May, next following, the trustees re- ported that they had gone as far as they could, and wanted money to procure boards for flooring and ceiling. On the first of July 124 HISTORY or LA PORTE COUNTY. after, they reported that a sufficient amount had been subscribed. The log chapel was torn down in 1843, and a new frame church built near it. Where the old church stood, there is now a school, house. Both are on the southeast quarter of section thirteen. On the 12th day of May 1837, plats Avere filed with the county recorder for the village of Independence. The description of the first, on book E, page one, locates it in the northeast quarter of the south- east quarter of section twenty- eight, tOAvnship thirty -seven, north of range one west. Of the second plat on page three, the description embraces that part south of Sac street and west of Main street. The acknowledgement was made by Asa Egbert, agent for his part and attorney for Wm. C. Pellett, and is further described as being in the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of section twenty- eight, township thirty-seven, north of range one west. Anterior to this time a survey had been made for a proposed canal through the town, and a railroad known as the Hardenburg line, had also been surveyed. The road was to cross the canal at this point, and the early settlers of Independence, in their dreams, saw visions of immense wealth. Real estate speculation was. there- fore, rife for a season. In the year 1835, a man named Andrew Fuller, started a little store in the locality, selling dry goods, groceries, etc. He kept the establishment about a year. In the same year a cabinet shop was started by Elias Axe. A man named Baker oriojinallv owned the town, and had it laid out. He was also a trader. In 1836, Wm. C. Pellett bought him out, goods and lots, and started a very respectable country store. After Pellett had made his record of the town in 1837, he sold out to John Vickory and Timothy Losey and they kept up the establish- ment about a year. John Hampton built a blacksmith shop in 1836, and continued doino; work in his line somethino^ over a year. In 1837, Sparrow commenced the boot and shoe business. T. Chapman opened a w^agon maker's shop, and Wm. Costello a tailor- ing establishment. During the same year, Benjamin Galbreath and John Galbreath; his son, built two mills in the vicinity of Independ- ence — the one a grist and the other a saw mill. They had come to WILLS TOWNSHIP. 125 the settlement during a very wet time, and imagined they had a fine water power. Both mills and dams were built at the same time. The grist mill was started first, with one run of stone. The son, John Galbreath, succeeded in grinding three sacks of corn, when the water power was gone forever, for it was the first and last time it was used. There is now no stream whatever where this enterprise was undertaken. The father succeeded in sawing three small logs. The next year both mills were torn down. In the year 1845. Thomas Fisher and Jonathan Du-.iley built a steam saw mill at Independence. It was kept runnin;:: until the year 1841, when it was sold to Thomas Hooton, James Hooton, Theodore Boardman and David Williams, and moved to Puddle- town. There is now nothing to distinguish Independence from the sur- rounding country. Even its ruins have beeen gathered up for fuel. AVhen it became evident that they were to have neither railroad nor canal to stimulate its growth, its enemies rejoiced, and gave it the name of Sac Town. Andrew Shaw, who resides at Boot Jack, claims the honor of so naming it. When the Northern Indiana road was projected and being built, all towns near, but off its line, were ruined, and Independence, or Sac Town, shared the fate of others. Still another settlement in Wills township recjived a distinctive name with some prospect that it might become a village. This is Puddletown, the name of a little hamlet situated on Puddletown lake, on section nine. It contains a steam saw mill, a store, a shoe shop and a good school house. When the township was surveyed the lakes were meandered and several small fractions falling into the hands of different owners, neighbors were consequently nearer than in other localities. In 1851 the machinery of the steam saw mill which was formerly at Independence, was removed to this point. It has since passed through several hands. The firm of Boardman, Williams and the Hootons sold out to James Parnell and Wm. Houghton; they sold to Martin Uga and i\.ai'on Miller; it was again sold to Edwin Picket, and he sold to James N. and Lorenzo Dow Davidson, in the fall of 1868. It reii;ains in their hands at the present time. 126 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. In 1856, Manfoid Waters and F. D. Dugan started a blacksmith shop, and continued to run it about three years. In the year 1857, L. C. Van Dusen started a shoe shop, and in 1872, he added a grocery store and continues to do business in each to the present time. A postoffice was established here in 1862, with J. W. Gulp as postmaster, but it was discontinued after two years. A good school house was built in the place in 1868 which is quite creditable to the citizens of the locality. An accident occurred here in 1871, by which a man named Mat- thew Feather lost his life. He was in the mill, when a piece of scantling flying from the saw struck him, and crushed his skull, penetrating his brain and killing him instantly. Puddletown has never been surveyed and laid out, and there is no recorded plat of it. It cannot be considered even a village, but it furnishes neighborhood conveniences, and serves to add to the bus- iness and resources of the township. Of those now living in the township, B.C. Bowell is a physician and surgeon, Henry Brown is a retired farmer; Jonathan Druliner is a farmer and auctioneer; Philip Haussauer is a farmer and lum- berman; Joseph Hostetler is a farmer and stock dealer; Wm. S. Hastings is a farmer and Baptist preacher ; Isaac Miller is a farmer and German Baptist preacher; John W. Ziglcr is a farmer and stock dealer, and the trustee of the township ; and there are numer- ous successful farmers, among whom may be mentioned, Wm. Alfont, Horatio Wilcox, Jacob Stoner, Joseph Reese, A. JT. Par- nell, Elijah McClellan, R. J. Mills, Harry Bennett, B. F. Brown, Peter Bunton, W. H. Carr, E. Cosgriff, Gabriel Drollinger, Obadiah Dawson, A. D. and John France, David Harris, Wm. H. Hunt, J. A. Hastings and C. H. Harris. The surface of Wills township is generally rolling, and is splen- didly diversified with timber and prairie. The land is rich and pro- ductive, and the inhabitants are an enterprising, intelligent and prosperous people. SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP. 127 CHAPTER IX. SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP. Springfield township was organized on the sixth day of January 1835, the Board of county commissioners on that day making the following order: " On petition of Judah Learning and others, it is ordered by the Board that all the territory in range three west, in the county of LaPorte, and north of sections number thirteen, four- teen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen and eighteen, in township thirty- seven, in said range, shall compose a new township to be called and known by the name of Springfield township, and it is further order- ed that an election he held at the house of Judah Learning in said township, on the last Saturday in this month for the purpose of electing a justice of the peace for said township; and it is further ordered that Judah Leaming be and he is hereby appointed inspect- or of elections in the township of Springfield in the county of LaPorte." Thus as originally organized, Springfield township occupied all of congressional township number thirty-eight, except the six sec- tions and the six half sections which are in the State of Michigan, and the first twelve sections of township thirty-seven. It has since been diminished to the extent of one tier of- sections on the south side, which became again a part of Centre township, and the bound- ary line between Centre and Springfield is the north side of sec- tions seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven and twelve, of township number thirty-seven, range number three west. The first white settler in the township was Judah Leaming. He came in the year 1831, and settled where the village of Springville now stands, and was the first justice of the peace. He built the first cabin, and afterwards the first frame house which is now stand- ing, and in a good state of preservation. It is the building occupied by Benjamin Rhodes. Abram Cormack and Daniel Griffin were early residents, and as near as can be ascertained, lived in the town the first year of its settlement. 128 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. In 1832, John Brown, Joseph Pagin and his sons, Erastus Quivey, John Hazleton and Charles Vail, became settlers. Mr. Tail erect- ed a saw mill on section thirty-one. During this year the first school house was built and the school was taught by Miss Emily Leaming ; it was situated eighty rods west of the village of Spring- ville. The Methodists had services about this time, when Mr. Rose and Mr. Griffith took the lead in the exercises. There were also many who attended the meetings of the Baptists, Mr. Marks con- ducting the services. There was no regular place of worship for either, and meetings were held sometimes in school houses, at other times in dwellings, and not unfrequently out of doors. In 1833, the town of Springville was surveyed by Daniel M. Leaming upon the lands of Judah Leaming. During this year Gilbert Rose, Hiram Griffith, John Griffith and Erastus Quivey be- came settlers. Quivey built the mill on section one, now known as the Ross mill. In 1834, Ingraham Gould, Michael Fall, Ezekiel Blue, Abner Ross, Anron Conklin, John Johnson, Henry S. Allen, John White, Mr. Ross, A. N. Shippe>, Mr. Lewis and Josiah Redding became settlers. Joseph Pagin built a grist mill, which was run until it was worn out. About the same time David Pagin built another mill on the same stream about a mile and a half below the old one. During this year Elder Tucker, the first male teacher, took charge of the school near Springville. James V. Hopkins came to the township in 1835, but settled afterwards in Michigan City. During the year 1835, the school house near Springville was burned ; the first wedding took place, Abner Ross marrying Esther Rose ; Jacob Early built a mill upon section twenty-eight, which has been worn out and rebuilt several times, the last time by E. S. Organ. In October of this year Charles Vail built a saw mill, Erastus Quivey assisting in its construction. Hopkins worked at the business of a carpenter, and also made brick, designing to build a tavern, but sold to Ingraham Gould. Prior to 1837, many more had come into the township, among them being Samuel Lehr, John Mason, Lemuel S. Fitch, Alfred Stanton, John Blue and Michael Fall. SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP. 129 In the year 1839, John and Joseph Pagin built a mill between the two already erected by the Paging, and a distillery was put up further down the stream. About the same time Lewis Pagin erected a building, and introduced machinery for the carding of wool. Abram Fravel built a mill on section thirty-five, in 1840, and David Hoover put up a dwelling the same year. In 1835 a church was built at Ross' mill by the Christian denomination. This was afterwards sold to the Dunkards, who now own it. Joseph Dauphine erected a steam saw mill in 1860. There are two villages in this township, the oldest one being named SPRINGVILLE. This village takes its name from a large spring of pure, cold water, which flows out in great abundance. It was laid out by Daniel M. Learning for Judah Leaming, who was the original pro- prietor of the soil, and the plat was filed for record on August 19, 1835. Prior to this, in 1834, Gilbert Rose had started a store in the village, Ingraham Gould a tavern, and Abner Ross a blacksmith shop. A postoffice was established in the year 1835, which was kept until 1863, when it was discontinued. During most of the time of its existence, it was kept by D. K. Brickett, who com- menced the business of boot and shoe making in 1837, and con- tinued it until 1853. Aaron Conklin established a tannery in 1835, and after conducting it four years, sold out to Leslie Rose. He in turn sold it to Ira C. Nye who conducted the business suc- cessfully for many years. In the year 1838, Gould & Alvord opened a general store, sell- ing it the next year to Russell & Torrey, who sold in 1841 to Rose & Conklin. In 1842, Rose purchased Conklin's interest, and con- ducted the business alone. During the year 1838, Alpheus Thur- ber commenced shoe making and continued the business four or five years. In 1845, Ingraham Gould put up a turning lathe ; and for many years did a large busines in the manufacture of bedsteads and other articles requiring its use. In the year 1848, Gould sold his tavern to Michael Hargin, who kept it eight years and gave up the business, since then there has been no hotel in Springville. In 1850, a steam saw mill was built 9 130 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. by Martin & Hill, who after running it about a year sold it, and in 1855, it was removed to section fifteen. In 1874, this mill was totally destroyed by fire, but has been rebuilt and is now owned by Peter Hack. In the year 1850, Gilbert Rose sold his store to Orrin Rose, but in 1860, the mercantile busines in Springville was closed, and for several years there was no store in that place. In 1868, John Schoening opened a shoemaker's shop, and has since added thereto a small store. Like some other towns in the county, Springville has seen the time when the expectations of her people were raised to the highest point, and visions of future greatness flitted across the minds of her citizens. One of the lines of the Northern Indiana railroad, now the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, was run through the town, and for a time it looked very probable that it would pass through the county touching that point. The probability of Springville be- coming the county seat was freely discussed. In 1850, a plank road company was organized, and farmers and townsmen subscribed liberally. The project was to build a plank road east to South Bend, and west to Michigan City. It was commenced but never finished, though much money had been expended upon it, and a large part of it was planked. The adoption of the railroad line running through LaPorte, seemed to discourage the inhabitants and no effort to promote the growth of the town has since been made. The other village in Springfield township is CORYMBO. Corymbo is situated in the northwest quarter of the northwest quarter of section eighteen, township thirty-eight, north of range three west. The plat was acknowledged by Craigie Sharpe, Jr., and filed on the 19th day of August, 1873. Twelve log and frame houses have been erected, only three of which were occupied in October 1874. In 1861, a postoffice was established and Craigie Sharpe, Jr., appointed postmaster. It has since been discontinued. Large quantities of wood have been cut in the surrounding groves, and immense quantities of it are to be seen piled up along the rail- road track. The men who reside in this village, are either work- men engaged on the Michigan Central railroad, which runs through SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP. 131 the town, or are woodchoppers who gain their livelihood in the sur- rounding timber. There was a steam saw mill in the village last year, but it has been removed. There has been a store, but it has ceased to exist, and the prospect for building up a town there is not very flattering. For several years between 1835 and 1844, a gang of counterfeiters infested this township. The leaders were two men known as Van Velser and Stroud. There was a cabin surrounded by a dense thicket of willows and other shrubbery, situated on a dry knoll in a marsh, about a mile northwest of the town, where the coinage of bogus money was carried on. From this point it was scattered broadcast over the country. Van Velser was finally detected, and and sent to the State prison, where he died, and Stroud is reported to have been lynched in Illinois for horse stealing. Two railroads touch the township, the Michigan Central crossing the northwest corner, and the Indianapolis, Peru and Chicago, the southwest corner. The soil of the township is generally sandy, too much so to be equal to some other parts of the county in the pro- duction of grain, but it is well timbered, and its warm, sandy soil is highly favorable for fruit raising. This occupation engages much of the attention of the inhabitants. There are some marshes in the township, which are excellent grazing ground for cattle, and which with proper care, could be made to produce abundance of hay. The resources of the township are yet undeveloped, but it contains ele- ments of wealth in its timber, its capacity for stock-raising, the pro- duction of fruit and potatoes, and fair returns of grain. Some portions of the township are quite thickly settled, and the inhabitants have shown a sufiicient interest in education, to cause the erection of a good school house in every neighborhood. Among those who now live, or but recently lived in this township, and who came early to the county, are Calvin W. Hayes, who is a farmer residing near Springville; E. S. Organ, who is a farmer and saw mill owner, came to the county in 1836, and has held various posi- tions of official trust ; J. S. Vardeman, a miller, who came in 1836; John A. White, a native of the county, born in 1836; Elihu Bishop, a farmer, born in the county in 1835; and Edward King, who came from Ohio to this county in 1832. 132 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. CHAPTER X. GALENA TOWNSHIP. On the 9th of March, 1836, at the regular March term of the Board of county commissioners, the following order was made: "Ordered that Kankakee township be divided, and that part of said township lying in township thirty -eight, in range two west, form a judicial township to be known by the name of Galena, and that there be an election held in said township, on the first Monday of April next, lor the purpose of electing two justices of the peace for said township, and that Jo«hua Jordan be appointed inspector of elections for said township, and that the elections be held at the house of Geo. W. Barnes." This township consists of twenty-four whole sections, and six half sections, one tier and a half of sections of the congressional township thirty-eight being in the State of Michigan. The order of the Board of commissioners would indicate that the whole con- gressional township is included in Galena; but this is not the case, because of the obstacle of the boundary of Michigan encroaching upon it to the extent of the width of a section and a half George W. Barnes is supposed to be the oldest settler in Galena; his biography is obscure, as he died about thirty years ago, leaving no descendants. Tradition says that he was a native of the State of Maine, and from thence migrated to Cleveland, Ohio ; that he was a married man, but never brought his family to his new home. Whether his wife refused to follow him into the depths of the forests, or if they parted from domestic infelicity, is not known. He was a man of uncommon nerve and force of character, possessing traits which made him eminently fit for a pioneer of civilization ; and he came to Galena township in the year 1833, and at once went to work with that untiring energy for which he was always distinguish- ed. In the same year came Whitman Goit, Shubal Smith, Richard Miller, Sylvanus James and John Talbot. These men all selected claims and commenced making improvements the same year. GALENA TOWNSHIP. 133 Daniel Baldwin, Aurea and Basil S perry, Wm. Waldruff, Sans H. Austin, Byron Cadwalader, John Morrow, Joshua Jordan, Elijah Bishop, Micajah Jones, John Cooper, Ephraim Cooper, Jesse Jones, Oliver Porter, James Paddock, Charles Francis, Joseph Ful- ler, James Jones and Abram Purcell, were added to the list of set- tlers in 1834. Of these AVm. Waldruff was one of the earliest, as his widow says that wdien they came, there were but five white men in the towmship. In the same year came also John and Ephraim Cooper, and Joseph Henderson. Joseph Wallace, the Martin fam- ily, the Weeds, Mr. Morrill, and Edwin Jordan, brother of Joshua, were early settlers. In the year 1834, John Talbot built a saw mill in the northeast part of the tow^n. Before it Avas completed he took Whitman Goit into partnership with him. This was the first mill that was built. In the same year the first child, a son to William Waldrufi", was born. In the year 1835, George W. Barnes built his saw mill. It was situated in the southwest part of the township. The elections were held there. During this year Mathew Mayes had a blacksmith shop at Mayes' Corners. It was the first in the north part of the county. Shubal Smith was carrying on a wagon shop about a mile west of that point. A man named Purcell put up a lathe for turning wooden bowds on Mud creek, near the school house known as Mud creek school house. He was a very eccentric man and his machinery was m part original. The attempt was a failure. Joseph Winch afterwards bought the concern out, and made split bottomed chairs and spinning wheels at the shop. The number of settlers who came this year was quite large, and embraced the names of Jacob Heckman, James Catterlin, Robert Kennedy Smith, Lewis Weed, Mathew Mayes, Hiram Bement, Samuel Vance, John Rod- man, Jedediah Austin, James Wilson and Hiram Catterlin. Martin Bates came this year and bought land, but wxnt away and did not return and improve it until 1840. The first school house was built of logs on the land of Theodoric Heckman, in the year 1836, and Amanda Armitage was the teacher. In January, Walter Brown and Ezra Brown came into the township, Kellogg Shedd on the 5th day of June, John Brewer and Henry Brewer in September. During the year, Abraham 134 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Burcham, Julius Tappan, Levi Paddock and Elder Caleb B. Davis, pastor of the Christian church arrived. Hiram Buss came in 1837. Solomon Palmer built a saw mill in 1838, and in the year 1840, James Winch came and put up a turning establishment on Barnes' creek, where he made hubs, bedposts and almost all kinds of wood work which required turning. He also made spinning wheels. He was a Free Will Baptist preacher, and died in 1853. The prop- erty was sold to W. W. Francis and brothers, and they built a grist mill on the site. Previous to 1841, religious services had been held at the. school houses, and private houses. Shubal Smith had acted as an exhor- ter or local preacher of the Methodist denomination, while occasion- ally a regular clergyman, Bev. Mr. Armstrong, paid the township a visit. Previous to the time above named a minister named Posey had been assigned by the conference to administer to the spiritual wants of that denominaiion in Galena. He directed his influence among his brethren to induce them to build a chapel for a place of religious worship, and a day was assigned for all to turn out from far and near, to accomplish this object. At the appointed time they came from distances as great as eight or ten miles, and worked steadily for a week, when a very comfortable and commodious log chapel was completed. It was built upon an acre of ground given by Whitman Goit for the purpose, and named Posey chapel in honor of the founder. It has since been torn down and rebuilt, a frame structure occupying the place of the old one. The Mount Pleasant M. E. church was built in 1844. Lamb's chapel, so named after Mr. Lamb, who appropriated the land, is situated at the junction of the town line and LaPorte roads. It is a frame building about the size of an ordinary school house which it very much resembles. It was built by subscription of the people of the neighborhood in 1854. The Christian denomination is largely represented, and in 1865, they completed a very fair church edifice. It is located on the southwest quarter of section twenty, and Rev. Caleb B. Davis is the pastor. In 1841, Willis Wright and John Wright put up a turning lathe about a mile and a quarter west of Caleb B. Davis'. They ran it four or five years and sold it to E. S. Dodds, who continued the GALENA TOWNSHIP. 135 business for some years, until the machinery became worn out and worthless. In the same year Loami She-Id started a small wagon shop about three quarters of a mile east of where Centre school house now stands. In the year 1846, Charles Francis & Son built a saw mill on Galena creek, a mile and a quarter above Barnes' mill. In 1848, Wm. Waldruif and Hiram Bement built a saw mill about three-fourths of a mile below Barnes' mill, on the Barnes branch of Galena creek. Waldruff afterwards sold out his in- terest to Ira L. Barnes. Bement and Barnes sold to Richard Etherington. John B. Smith started a wagon shop in 1849, on the farm be- longing to R. K. Smith, on the road from LaPorte to New Buffalo. In the summer of the same year, Valentine F. Smith built a small turning shop on a stream emptying into the Galena, about a mile and a half west of Winch's shop. Mr. Smith continued the busi- ness until the spring of 1854. In January, 1852, Whitman Goit, one of the first settlers, and a good and enterprising man, who had filled many importiuit local positions in his township, was accidently killed by the falling of a tree, while he was engaged in getting out railroad ties. On the fifth day of March next following. Kellogg Shedd was accidentally killed by the tipping over of his wagon loaded with saAv logs, while on his way to Barnes' mill. This accident occurred near Centre school house. The untimely death of these two men was deeply regretted by the early settlers and their friends, of whom they had many in the county. In the year 1854, R. B. Goit and Wm. Ingersoll, rebuilt the old Talbot saw mill which had gone to decay; In 1857, Truman Barnes built a wagon shop about a mile north of the Centre school house ; in 1858, the Francis brothers built a grist mill about a quarter of a mile below Waldruff & Bement's mill. It is known as the Finley mill. It was the first and only one erected in the township ; in 1859, Nathaniel Barmore opened a general store near Barnes' mill. He sold out to Valentine F. Smith, in the spring of 1854. Smith remained about eighteen months in that locality, and then moved to Mayes' corners. There he kept the store for a time when he sold 136 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. out to Peter H. Hess. Hess kept up the establishment between two and three years and then abandoned mercantile pursuits. This store, opening at the mill and closing at the corners, was the first, last, and only attempt at merchandising in the township. In the spring of 1857, Valentine F. Smith built a steam saw mill about forty rods west of Mayes' Corners. He had in connection with it a shingle mill and barrel heading factory. It was burned in the fall of 1862. This was the first steam mill put up in the township. In the year 1869, Dorf & Kenton erected a steam mill in the southeast part of the township, a little west of Mount Pleasant. A steam saw mill was moved from Rolling Prairie to Galena dur- ing the summer of 1874 by Shaw & Johnson. It stands by the roadside about one-half mile north of Lamb's chapel. Some thirty years ago there occurred an incident near the pres- ent locality of the last named mill, which has been almost forgotten, as there are none left of kin to the family in the township. There came from the State of Missouri a large, powerful man, bearing the name of William Mathews. He w^as noted for his quiet, unobtru- sive manners, and was industrious and devotedly attached to his only boy, a child of some six summers. One day he was cutting tilnber while the wind was blowing a perfect gale. He had chopped at the trunk of a tree as much as he thought prudent, and step- ped back a few yards to take a view of the situation, when suddenly he heard a crackling noise, and saw the tree falling. His child was at his side. Between saving himself and his boy he hesitated not a moment. He grasped him and with one efibrt of his herculean arm, cast the child beyond danger. In an instant more that brave father's heart had cased to beat, and he lay upon the earth a crushed and bleeding corpse. The widow sold the property and moved away ; where, none in the neighborhood know. On the 15th day of August, 1874, Galena was visited by a fear- ful storm of hail and wind, which did great damage to the standing crops. Thousands of fruit and forest trees were uprooted or broken, fences were blown down, barns were deziolished and dwellings un- roofed. The thunder kept up one continuous roar, heard above the rushing of the mighty winds and the crash of falling timber. The GALENA TOWNSHIP. 13T lightning was one ceaseless blaze. Hail as large as pigeons' eggs came down in sheets, and cut the standing corn in pieces. It occur- red at about five o'clock in the morning, and never since the first settlement of Galena, had such a storm, effecting such immense loss, visited the township. Among those now living in the, township or recently there, who came early to the county, are Wm. C. Cummins and E. W. Davis who came in 1833; J. H. Francis, Luke Francis, W. W. Francis, Scipha Foster and Zachariah Teeter, who came in 1834 ; H. E. Smith, Charles Morrow, W. W. Fuller and Hiram Bement, Jr., who came in 1835; and Benjamin Brewer, Wm. W. Finley, Mor- rison Paddock, James Padiock and Samuel Wilson, who came in 1836. The township is now well settled, and among the w^ell- known citizens are Enos Weed, who made a settlement in 1837, is a farmer, and has served as a county commissioner ; McDonald Shead, who is a farmer, and served as a soldier in the forty-eighth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, during the war of the rebellion ; Mar- tin Bates, an old and respected citizen, a farmer who came from Hampshire county, Mass., in 1840; E. S. Cadwell, a farmer, who has been justice of the peace and trustee of the township; Oliver Marston who came from Erie county, New York, in 1843, and Alex- ander B. Austin who enlisted in the forty-eighth Indiana Volunteers, and served during most of the late war, attaining the rank of Captain. When Galena township was first settled, it was almost entirely covered with timber. Its surfiice is rolling ^nd in some places hilly. The soil is loamy, v»-arm, and produces well. It is well adapted to the raising of fruit; and peach and apple orchards are very common. Some of the finest timber in the county may be found in this township. There are many fine farms in Galena, but to clear the land and make it available for cultivation has been the w^ork of years. There are great difficulties in getting at the facts relating to the early settlement of a township like Galena, which do not present themselves in one located upon a prairie, where it often happens that the settler can stand upon the top of his cabin and at a glance take in its entire boundaries. Citizens from its extreme parts rarely met except at general elections. No attempt has been made to lay 138 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. out a village, and the county records are unincumbered with any survey made for this purpose. There has been no common point for convivial meetings within its limits, where men have lounged away their hours in telling for the hundredth time the tale of their early trials and privations. It is the boast of the citizens that intoxicating liquors have never been sold as a beverage within their township. Crime and povert}^ have been almost entirely unknown. The inhabitants have nearly all been tillers of the soil, generally religiously inclined, hardy and industrious, frugal and honest. The township has been slower of developement than in the case of those townships located on the prairie; but when once man's labor has subduea the obstacles to cultivation, it receives a rich reward. Crops are more certain to yield a return ; and the result is that Galena township having a soil naturally of great depth and richness, is becoming one of the wealthiest and most prosperous sec- tions of the county. CHAPTER XL CLINTON TOWNSHIP. From the date of the organization of the county until March 9th, 1836, Clinton township was a part of New Durham ; but on that date, at their March term, the following order was made by the Board of county commissioners: "Ordered that New Durham township be divided by the line dividing congressional townships thirty-five and thirty-six, north of range four west, and that all that part of said township formerly comprising congressional township thirty-five, north of range four west form a new township for judi- cial purposes, to be known by the name of Clinton township, and that there be an election held in this township on the first Monday of April next, for the purpose of electing two justices of the peace for said township, until the next annual election for township officers, and that the election for said township be held at Charles Eaton's shop." There has been no change in the limits of the township since that time. The south side of Clinton was then the boundary of the CLINTON TOWNSHIP. 139 county, but it has since been extended to the Kankakee river by act of the legislature, and two more townships have been organized. In its physical characteristics, Clinton township shows much diver- sity. The larger portion of its area is prairie, but there are groves of timber, and on the south and east are sandy "barrens ' with oak, as the principal timber growth. Hog creek runs across the town- ship from north to south, watering a large part of it ; and most of the land is of an excellent quality, the prairie soil being similar to that in other parts of the county, and the "barrens" producing fine crops of grain. Taken altogether, it is regarded as one of the most desirable parts of the county, of great productive capacity and convenient to market, three railroads, the Lousiville, New Albany and Chicago, Chicago and Lake Huron, and Baltimore and Ohio, passing across it, the first from north to south, and the other two from east to west. Of the early settlers Isham Campbell is said to have been the first. He made his home on the west side of Hog creek in the year 1832, and in the Fall of the same year Andrew and Edmund Rich- ardson made a settlement, taking land on section nine. In 1833, Nathaniel Steel, R. Prather, Levi Reynolds, John Osborn, Wm. Niles, Lemuel Maulsby, Richard Williams, Thomas Robinson, and Stephen Jones, a Methodist minister, came into the township and became residents. John Warnock located his claim this year on section four, but did not move on it, on account of sickness in his family, until the ensuing spring. In 1834, the list of settlers was quite large and embraced John Reynolds, T. J. S. Hixon, Simeon Tuley, John Small, Matilda Tuley, James Haskell, Jonathan Osborn, John Warnock, Phineas Small, John and Charles Eaton, Hezekiah Robertson, Daniel Rob- ertson, Wm. Eaton, Jacob Iseminger, Wm. Wilson, John Small, James Reeves, Samuel Maulsby, Walter Livingston, L. Richardson, John Clark, John Lewis, Jesse Marshall, John Wilman, Orange Lemon and Benj. J. Bryant. William Wilson who came this year, located Indian floats on sec- tion nine and ten. These floats were in the nature of land war- rants, save that they contained no provision for the protection of actual settlers. They were issued to half-breed Indians, but being 140 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. made assignable, found their way for the most part, into the hands of speculators. Mr. Wilson honorably paid the settlers on the two sections for all the improvements they had made. For the year 1835, we have the following record of settlers to present: Wm. T. Harding, Joseph Wright, Thomas Patterson, Richard Williams, Perrin Scarborough, Jonathan Williams, Herbert Williams, Horace Pinney, Sen., Horace Pinney, Jr., Wm. Pinney, David Pinney, Abijah Bigelow, David Congdon, Benjamin Maulsby, Luke Ashley, Mr. Heaton, Dr. Philander Loomis, John Bailey, Mr. Heath (deaf and and dumb), and Dr. Whitcomb, who is said to have been the first resident physician. Mr. Doolittle and Mr. Johnson were early settlers, coming prob- ably in 1834 or 35. In 1837, Christian Richardson, Lemuel Brush, Richard Robert- son, Sen., John Koontz, Gideon Long and Adam Iseminger, settled in Clinton ; Wm. Suavely came in 1839, and in 1840 John Robin- son, Isaac Powell and Dr. Bement arrived. The year 1838 is somewhat memorable as the "sickly season." Bilious complaints were prevalent, and very few escaped. There were not enough remaining well, properly to care for the sick. E. S. Gardner moved into the township in this year. In 1843, Nathaniel Davis, a Congregationalist minister, and well known as an ardent advocate of temperance, and an original Aboli- tionist, made the township his home. Dr. Cobb also arrived the same year. A log church was built on section ten, in 1844, which afterwards caught fire and burned down. It was built by the Methodists and was called Hickory Chapel. Wiley B. Mack was the first minister who officiated within its walls. He was succeeded by Rev Mr. Oakes. Rev. R. Hargrave was also one of the earliest preachers here. This Hickory log chapel was succeeded by the present Clinton chapel, which was built in 1860. The culture of mulberry trees and the raising of silk worms at one time engaged considerable attention in the township. The follow- ing will be found in book C, of the proceedings of the commissioner's court, page twenty-six: " It is ordered by the board that Potter Doolittle be allowed the CLINTON TOWNSHIP. 141 sum of two dollars and twenty-five cents as a bounty on fifteen pounds of silk co-coons, as per the certificate of Wm. Moorman, a justice of the peace of LaPorte county." Potter Doolittle was a res- ident of Clinton, and the foregoing order was made in September, A. D. 1846. HASKELL STATION. In the year 1854, A. Culver purchased two hundred and forty acres of land in section twenty, in Clinton township. It being favorably located on the Louisville, New Albany and Chicago rail- road, he conceived the idea of laying out a town in case a sufficient number of persons were attracted to the locality to warrant it. He did not commence as many have done by having it platted and filed in the recorder's office before any evidence of a village was visible, and afterwards subject himself to the mortification of leaving upon the county records an enduring monument of a vanished air cas- tle. From its location it seemed to be a good point for a store, and he gave to samuel Brush an acre upon condition that he would open one. This Mr. Brush did in the year 1855, and he continued in the mercantile business at that place until 1863, when he died. John Ferris bought out the estate, both real and personal, of the administrator, continued the business until 1867, and sold to Wm. D. Crothers. It soon after passed into the hands of Mr. Sopris and from him to Thomas L. Hoadley, who discontinued the business in 1870. In the year 1857, a postoffice was established at the station, and Samuel Brush was apppointed postmaster. The present postmaster is Thomas L. Hoadley. In 1858, David Carpenter commenced blacksmithing. In 1861, a warehouse was built by Samuel Brush, and considera- ble grain was shipped from this point, but the construction of east and west roads has diverted the grain trade in a great measure from the south. In 1871 this warehouse was struck by lightning and burned. Haskell never ranked as a town. No plat of it was ever recorded. It is only a hamlet — having had a store, blacksmith shop, grain depot, postoffice, and being a railroad station. BIGELOW. Abijah Bigelow moved into Clinton township in the year 1835, 142 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. and soon after proceded to put up a grist mill, which he completed in 1837. He brought a small colony with him who were mostly Canadians. In the year 1836, Wm. T. Harding opened the first store in that place. After he had fairly commenced he took as a partner, a man named Bogart, and while Harding was attending to his farm Bogart sold the concern to one Bentley. A litigation ensued which result- ed in Bogart's being sent to jail and Bentley's getting away with the goods. During the year 1837, the town was recorded in the informal manner so common in those times. It embraced twenty-eight blocks, described as being in township thirty-five, range four west, in the southwest quarter of section twenty-one. In 1837, a Frenchman who was known by the name of "Bushee," started a blacksmith shop. During the same year Arnold Sapp had a cabinet and jobbing shop, and in 1838, a postoffice was established and Wm. T. Harding had the contract for carrying the mail. In the year 1848, the people became tired of their own organiza- tion, and among the records of the September term of the county commissioners' court of that year, we find the following : "Now comes Hubert Williams and motions that his petition here- tofore filed, to-wit: On the 21st day of July, A. D., 1848, for the vacation of the town of Bigelow's Mills be now taken up. Where- upon the board, upon due consideration, being satisfied from the affidavit of said Hubert Williams, that manuscript notices of the pending of said petition had been set up in three of the most public places in said town, thirty days previous to the present session of this board, containing a description of the property to be vacated, do order the said town to be vacated." John Closser started a store at Bigelow's Mills in 1848, and afterwards sold out to Soper & Metcalf. They did business for a time, and then sold to Henry Brush. Samuel Hammond bought out Brush in 1861. Perrin Scarborough started a wagon shop in this year ; in 1852, Frank Howell started a blacksmith shop near where Frank Knight's house now stands, and in 1854, Mr. Gordon had a gunsmith shop to which he added a stock of goods the ensuing year- CLINTON TOWNSHIP. 143 The Bigelow mill having been sold to John Closser, and by him to John Wright, passed into the hands of Henry Harding in 1854. He built a store also, and had a general assortment of goods. Mr. H. continued the business until 1874 when he died, and John War- nock, as administrator of the estate, sold the property to Abram Sovereign, who disposed of it to Mr. Boler. In 1864, J. Jacobson carried on the business of harness making. The postoffice at Bigelow was discontinued in the year 1868. The following incident occurred in the year 1835. Wm. T. Harding and A. G. Webster of Noble township, were brothers-in- law, and put in crops together, some corn on Webster's claim, and buckwheat on that of Harding. After the corn came up the ground squirrels commenced digging it, and some arsenic was obtained to destroy them. A part of it was used . and the remainder was laid away in Webster's clock. During the following summer, Harding procured some calomel and after having used a part of it, put the remainder away in the same place where the arsenic had been stored. After this, Harding returned to Ohio, from whence he iiad migrat- ed, for his family, consisting of his wife, two sons and three daugh- ters, and returned with them in the latter part of September. The first day after his arrival, he went to Webster's house, who, with his wife, were absent visiting the newly arrived family. Harding's oldest daughter being unwell, he went to the same clock to procure the calomel to administer it to her. Going to his own home with it, he related to Mrs. Webster what he had done. After Mr. and Mrs. Webster had returned, the former went to the clock to wind it as he had usually done, and missing the arsenic, and being informed by his wife what had become of it, ran all tiie way to Harding's, hoping to arrive before any of it had been taken. He was too late. Fif- teen minutes before he came, the oldest daughter had taken a dose, and Harding had also done the same a moment before his arrival. Lamp oil, being the only article at hand to serve as an emetic, was administered. The father was saved, but the daughter died before morning. This was the first death that occurred in the township. At an early date in the settlement of Clinton, a hog dealer pass- ed through the township, and in doing so, lost a number of his drove. They ran wild and multiplied. There were very few 144 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. enclosures, and the early settlers allowed their swine to I'un at large also, each preferring to have his own private mark upon his stock, and each desiring to have his share of the wild ones which were run- ning about promiscuously. An old settler states that it was won- derful how soon a porker could be dressed and packed away by the residents on the creek after it was shot. They had a habit of first cutting off the ears, or of even skinning the animal when dead to avoid identification, and the crack of a rifle had scarcely ceased to echo over the prairie before this was all accomplished. Finally, an immense amount of litigation was the consequence, and one of the settlers expended all his means, involving one hundred and sixty acres of land, his stock, house and home, in lawsuits growing out of the uncertain proprietorship in swine. This circumstance probably gave name to the creek which flows through the township. On the 27 day of November, 1865, James Woods shot and killed John Lohm, a German resident, in the west part of the township in the Osborn and Small neighborhood. Woods and Wm. Fulton had been drinking, and had just returned from Westville in a state bor- dering upon intoxication. When in the neighborhood we have described, they encountered a party of Germans who had been husk- ing corn and were returning with loaded wagons. Woods ordered them to halt, to which no atterxtion was paid. Fulton then said to him: "Why don't you shoot." Woods then drew a revolver and discharged it, the ball passing by those who were on the first wagon, and took effect in the body of John Lohm, inflicting a mortal wound from the effects of which he died in a short time. The men were said to be strangers to each other, and had had no previous difficul- ty. Both Woods and Fulton were indicted at the April term of the circuit court, 1866, and were tried in April, 1867. Woods was convicted of murder in the second degree and sentenced to the pen- itentiary during the term of his natural life, and Fulton of man- slaughter, and sentenced for thirteen years. On the 14th day of March, 1869, Nicholas Aker, a boy fourteen years and eight months old, was playing with a gun with two younger brothers, when taking it up to blow into the muzzle, it acci- dentally went off, killing him instantly. On the 7th day of Nov. 1874, August Kopelsi, a boy fourteen years and eight months old, CLINTON TOWNSHIP. 145 who resided with his father, Frank Kopelsi, a resident of Bigelow, was out duck hunting. In walking along he held the muzzle of his gun under his arm. Striking the lock accidentally, the cap explod- ed and the contents of the gun nearly tore the arm from his body^ He died in less than an hour afterward. In the two cases abovy narrated of death from the use of fire-^ arms, both boys were nearly of an age at the time the accidents in the cases occurred, the difference being but one day. On the 6th day of November, 1874, Frank Knight, a young man who resided at Bigelow, met with an accident at Mansfield, Ohio, which cost him his life. He was employed on the Pittsburg and Ft. Wayne railroad, and while engaged in uncoupling cars, fell between them. One car passed over a leg cutting it off. He lived only three hours and and a half after the accident occurred. He was a very promising young man, and his death was much deplored by a large circle of friends. His age at the time of his death was twenty years, ten months and twenty-seven days. Among those who have recently lived in Clinton township or who now live there, and who came early to LaPorte county, are Wm. Steele, a native of the county, born in 1830; Thomas Gar- wood, born in the county in 1833; Wm. Suavely, who came to the county in 1833, emigrating from Virginia; R. R. Richardson who came from Washington county, Indiana, in 1833; Charles G. & Thomas L. Eaton, Benjamin V. Fogle and Jacob Iseminger, who came in 1834; W. C. Allen and John Iseminger, in 1835; Wheeler Bentley, and E. Co Reynolds a native of the county, in 1846; Wm. Pinney and Amenzo Mann in 1837; W. H. Beahm, a native of the county, 1839; and C. R. Burch, born in the county in 1840. These are, nearly all of them, successful farmers, agricul- ture being the chief industry of the township. The township is well settled with an industrious, intelligent and thriving people. The interests of education have not been neglected; there is a school house for each neighborhood, and the children of the pioneers' chil- dren enjoy advantages of schools and churches, and social and neighborhood intercourse, of which the early settlers were in a large measure deprived ; but which they fully appreciated, and took meas- ures to secure for those who should come after them. lO 146 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. CHAPTER XII. NOBLE TOWNSHIP. Noble was a part of Scipio township until the 9th day of March, 1836, when at the March term of the commissioners' court of that year the Board made the following order: " Ordered, that Scipio township be divided by the line dividing townships thirty-five and thirty-six, north of range three west, and that all that part of said township formerly comprising congressional township number thirty-five north, form a new judicial township, to be known by the name of Noble township, and that there be an election held in said township on the first Monday of April next, for the purpose of electing justices of the peace for said township, and that Arthur McClure be appointed inspector of elections for said township, until the next annual election of township officers, and that the election for said township be held at the house of John McLane." Since that time the east boundary of the township has been changed so that sections one and twelve, three-fourths of section thirteen, one-half of section twenty-four, and nearly one-half of sec- tion twenty-five, are now a part of Union township, a singular departure from the congressional township boundary, for which there does not seem to be any good reason. The first settlers in Noble township were Horace and Lane Markham, who cime into the township in the Fall of 1831, aud claimed land near Union Mills, Horace a short distance north of the town, and Lane a little to the west — both being on section eight. Little is known in regard to either of these families, as they moved away many years ago. Even the name of the creek, which was formerly called Markham's has been changed to Mill creek, and there seems to be nothing left to perpetuate the name of these pioneers. Bird McLane and John McLane purchased their land during the year 1832. Joseph Whea- ton became a resident in 1832, and laid out the town of Union Millp. NOBLE TOWNSHIP. 147 In the year 1833, the McLanes settled in the township, and the same year came William, Samuel, Michael and Edward O'Hara, Admiral, Peter and Ira Burch, Wright and Silas Loving, Isaac Johnson, Warren Burch, Mr. Fowler, and Jeremiah Perkins. In 1834, Joseph Sterritt settled on Dormain prairie, having come to the county and stopped at Rolling prairie in 1833. In 1834 Richard Worrall and Samuel Mitchell came also. A settlement was commenced at the same time in the northwest part of the town- ship. On the 7th day of November, A. G. Webster made a claim of the northwest quarter of section six, upon the banks of S»pring €reek and built a cabin. John Harding claimed the northwest quarter of the same section, and A. Logan the southeast. Horace AVood and Elizabeth McLane were married this year. This is said to have been the first wedding that took place in the township. In 1835, Henderson Nickell, Dr. Everts, Timothy Everts, Gustavus Everts, Sidney S. Sabin, Theodore M. Wells, John Barclay, Israel Underwood, John Goldsmith, Richard Goldsmith, Goldsmith, Sen., and Benj. Shaw became settlers. A. G. Webster, E. S. Harding and John Wakefield built a shool house on Webster's farm in the Fall of this year, and Rachel Carter who taught the first school in New Durham township, filled a like posi- tion here. She commenced in January A. D., 1836. This school in early times, was very jealous of its reputation, and particularly in relation to the art of spelling correctly, and many were the attempts of the neighboring districts to excel in this respect. It was particularly distinguished for the number of teachers who fitted themselves for that profession in the little log structure. The fur- niture was made from logs split and planed ofi" with grub hoes. From such material the seats and desks Avere manufactured. The fire place and doors occupied one entire side of the house. The floor was made of puncheons, mnnufactured in the same manner as the seats and desks. In this place many of the active business men of our county received the rudiments of their education. In 1836, John C. Reed settled on section seven, and Asaph Web- ster on section six. The latter built a saw mill, which the division of the township brought a few rods over the line into Scipio. Dur- ing the year a Baptist church was organized in the log school house 148 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. in the "Webster district." It was known by the name of "Spring creek Old School Baptist church." Elder A. Neal of Porter county perfected the organization. The following were the names of the members: Asaph Webster, E. S. Harding, John Harding, A. A. Cole, Ariel Wakefield, Ameluna Webster, Mary Harding and Polly Harding. A. A. Cole and E. S. Harding were the first resident elders of the church. A. G. Webster was church clerk from its organization until it ceased to exist in 1854. He was also one of the first township trustees, and filled the office of justice of the peace two sticcessive terms. Russell Harvey settled on section ten in 1837. John F. Allison was a teacher in this year, and afterwards justice of the peace. In 1837, Dr. Everts commenced the practice of medicine. He had three sons who follow^ed him in the profession. Their names were Eudorus, Orpheus, and Carroll; in 1838, Allen Cummings commenced carpentering, most of the time employing from eight to twelve hands ; in 1839, a saw mill was built by John Johnson & Bro., about three-quarters of a mile below Union Mills, on Mill creek ; in 1840, Jacob Early commenced building a large distillery on Mill creek. It was finished in 1842. He did a very large bus- iness. In 1852 it caught fire and was burned; in 1843, Logan A. Wakefield erected an ashery upon the farm of A. G. Webster, and entered into the business of manufacturing pearl and potash. It did not prove a successful undertaking and was abandoned in 1846; in 1847, a new school house was built by George Hall, on Mill creek; in 1873, the Free Methodists built a church at Indian Point. In the same year the Chicago t that the people should take it upon themselves to call, and organize primary meetings in their different towns and counties, for the pur- pose of choosing whom it should be to take the management of their public affairs. As for ourselves, Ave can see no impropriety in the matter at all — but on the other hand we think them to be of essen- tial service. We see notices of meetings on every side of us, for the purpose of securing to individuals, who came to this county when it was a mere wilderness, their lands at government price-— and which we think is all right. The main argument, however, with the gentlemen, why they should not be held, is, because it has not been the practice heretofore ; it must be confessed that it is a powerful one, and one which the good sense of this community will not pay much regard to, however injuriously he may think them to be." Though the national election could not have been held until the next year, yet the Gazette which was a Democratic paper, displayed at the head of its columns, the names of Martin VanBursm for Pres- ident, and Richard M. Johnson for Vice President. It contains also the following announcements of candidates in connection with POLITICS. 203 a notice that the election would be held on the first Monday in August : '•We are authorized to say, that the Hon. E. A. Hannegan, our present and worthy member in congress, is again before the people of this district, composed of the counties of Vermillion, Parke, Montgomery, Fountain, Warren, Tippecanoe, Carroll, Clinton, White, Parker, LaPorte, St. Joseph and Elkhart for re-election." •'We are authorized to say that David H. Colerick is a candidate for the State senate from the district composed of the counties of Allen, LaPorte, St. Joseph. Elkhart, LaGrange, Huntington and AVabash." •'We are requested to state that Vv^illiam G. Ewing, is a candidate for the State Senate from the counties of Allen, LaPorte, St. Joseph, Elkhart, LaGrange, Huntington and W^abash." '' We are authorized to say that Jonathan A. Listen is a candidate for member of assembly from this and St. Joseph counties." Besides these, there were announcements for county offices; Hiram Wheeler and Joel Butler, for Register; George SAVope, Joseph F. Reynolds and Burweil Spurlock for Recorder; James M. Scott for Associate Judge; and Eliakim Ashton for Commis- sioner. On the 18th of July, Mr. Samuel Miller of Michigan City was nominated for representative to the State legislature, by a Democratic convention held at the village of Lakeport, or Hudson, of which Charles Egbert was chairman, and Benjamin Woodward, secretary. There were two other candidates, who came up before the people without submitting their claims to a convention. On this matter the Gazette remarked : ^^ Felloiv Citizens: You have now before you, three candidates for representative in the next legislature of this state, two of which are what is called, stump or self-nominations, and one nominated by the people. Samuel Miller was nominated by 'he unanimous vote of a respectable meeting, believing him to be the most efficient man, and best qualified to represent the interest of this community in the next legislature, which nomination was again submitted to a conven- tion of the electors of the two counties, convened at a considerable distance from his and the other candidate's residence, where he 204 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. again received the nomination for representative in the next Assembly. In selecting Mr. Miller for their candidate, they think they have presented to the public a person worthy of their votes — one who has the confidence of the people — one whom the people know and have known for a long time to be a friend to his country, constitu- tion and laws. Mr. Miller's avocations have been such, that prob- ably few persons have the practical knowledge of the situation, loca- tion, and wants of the country that he has, while his business habits, and Republican predilections, render him worthy the suf- frages of a free people." The two other candidates alluded to in the address wxre Jonathan A. Liston and Charles W. Cathcart. Mr. Cathcart issued an address to the people of LaPorte and St. Joseph counties, and because of its frank statement of the position which he occupied on public questions, and the lucid exposition given of the subjects of political discussion at the time, it is here presented entire, as it was published in the Michigan City Gazette: "TO THE VOTERS OF THE DISTRICT COMPOSED OF ST. JOSEPH AND LAPORTE COUNTIES. Fellow Citizens: By the request of a very respectable number of my friends, I was induc^^d during the last spring, to suffer ray name to be used as a candidate to represent this district in our next legis- lature, and at the first opportunity which occurred, the meeting of the circuit court in LaPorte county, I, in conformity with the cus- tom of the country, mounted the stump and informed my fellow citizens then assembled, that they might consider my services at their disposal. Thus, having appeared before the public, it is my duty as well as a pleasure, to express my views upon such prominent matters as may be subject to legislative action, claiming for them only that consideration, which the honest convictions of one individual may entitle him to — for our whole scheme of government being founded on the principle that all power is inherent in the people, and as the representative agency is made use of merely on account of the diffi- dulty, indeed even the impossibility of the affairs of the public being POLITICS. 205 acted upon deliberately, by the people, en masse, it is evident that the representative should suit his course to the wishes of his con- stituents, according to their views of the manner in which they may see proper to have their interests attended to, and that as near as he does this, so near will he come to the fulfillment of the trust reposed in him. Having thus, fellow citizens, acknowledged the entire dependence of the representative upon the instructive power of his constituents, I will give you my views as frankly and as freely as possible. A bill commonly called the 'ad valorem bill,' which passed dur- ing our last seasion, is, I conceive unjust, and partial in its opera- tion, bearing with peculiar hardship, upon this part of the State. and is but a mocking of its title, which is made use of, apparently, to impose a disagreeable potion under a palatable name ; but I am convinced tliat a system of taxation, based upon the principle that every man must pay to the government that protects him and his, in proportion to the value of his estate, is one which is entirely reasonable and just. Another bill, commonly called the 'mammoth bill,' making vast and indeed unlimited appropriations to works of internal improve- ment, only failed during the last session, after a warm and pro- tracted debate — rafter which a bill 'to provide for the further prosecution of the Wabash and Erie canal,' and for other purposes, and an act supplemental, passed and received the signature of the governor, which provides for the survey of a vast scheme of canals, railroads, etc., as well as for the prosecution of the Wabash and Erie canal, to the navigable part of the Wabash river. The cost of those works, should they all be completed, must overgo f 29,000,000, and of this sum, not one cent is contemplated to be expended on this side of the Wabash river; and though it is more than probable, that but a part of those works, may be expected to be completed, still it must be evident, that many of the routes which were ordered to be surveyed, are of comparative insignifi- cance, when compared with a route or routes, which would have connected our northern waters, with a southern thoroughfare, and that the neglect of the interest of the north part of this State, in the provisions of that bill, was a gross instance of partial legislation. 206 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. The experience of other States has demonstrated the advantages to be derived from a judiciously disposed system of internal improve- ments, and the policy that would dictate the abandonment of such a scheme, would be as fallacious a's the late act is partial and extravagant. The disposal of the three per cent, fund will continue to require the utmost attention, on the part of the members from the new counties. It is no doubt known to all, that the three per cent, fund originates from an agreement with the general government, upon our entering the Union, as a free and sovereign State, that the pub- lic lands shall not be subject to taxation, until the expiration of five years after they have been sold by the general government, in consideration of which the United States make grants sundry to this State, among which are five per cent upon the proceeds of the sales of the public lands within this State, which is to be applied to works of internal improvement, three per cent, being subject to the control of our legislature. Now, this being the case, what plan of distribu- tion among the different counties, so just, as to appropriate to each, the amount accruing upon the sales of land within that county? Thinkinor, fellow citizens, that we should all know at least enousjh of the law, to keep clear of it, I am in hopes of seeing our common as well as statute law put into such a form, that it may be more commonly diffused and known among us. Such n project has been in agitation before our legislature, and believing it Avould save half the litigation amongst us, it has my heartiest wishes for its success. The next apportionment will also be a matter '-equiring the deepest consideration, and attentive care of your representative, as with an increased representation, our claims will of course be placed in a more commanding position, and we who are of the north, while we unite with the south in all judicious schemes of internal improve- ment, will be in a situation to prevent such glaring instances of partial legislation, as our last session presented. In regard to our roads, or rather our want of them, it is need- less to say much here, as so many monuments of our neglected con- dition in that respect, present themselves, most loudly calling for legislative interference. POLITICS. 207 There are many other subjects, fellow citizens, which are no doubt of importance, but believing I have touched, though slightly, those subjects most generally interesting to the citizens of this dis- trict, I shall detain you no longer with the enumeration of matters of less general interest. With feelings of peculiar delicacy, I must, fellow citizens, here remark that as regards national politics, I have ever been the unwavering friend of the leading principles of the present adminis- tration ; I look upon them as the emanation of the purest patriotism, and while I disdain the low bickering of party strife, still I must exercise the right of every freeman, to avow his sentiments. This avowal, fellow citizens, I make, not with a view of enlisting the partiality of a single voter; I do it merely because if silent on this point, I may probably be charged with want of frankness, a charge I must be indulged in saying, to me, peculiarly painful. Fellow citizens, I have but to oifer to your acceptance such com- mon place qualifications as a life of much vicissitude has engendered, and an assurance that the good of the district, the ivliole district, shall be my aim, should I be so fortunate as to gain your preference. But fellow citizens, if in your better judgment you should prefer another, I must take this opportunity to assure you, and him, that he has my warmest wishes for his success in the furtherance of the welfare of this district. Charles W. Cathcart. LaPorte, July 20, 1835." The campaign was wage ( vigorously throughout, and resulted in the election of the candidates of the Whig party, in this county. As illustrating the newspaper tone of the time and the terms made use of by political opponents we take some extracts from the newspapers then published in LaPorte. On the 28th day of December, 1839, the Whigs held a convention, and the next issue of the LaPorte Herald, published by Joseph Lomax and edited by Storey, now of the Chicago Times, contained the following comments thereon : "aristocratic convention. On Saturday, 28th December, the Aristocrats of this county, held a little convention in this place. They previously made many 208 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. loud calls, both through their papers, and also through the medium of hand bills. And when the great day arrived, it turned out, as many of their great things do — a poor shabby convention. When the convention was organized, Mr. J. Bigelow, one of the leading Abolition fanatics of this county, was appointed one of the Vice Presidents of the meeting. This is a fact that is w^orth being remembei-ed by the people. It shows that the boasted patriotism of the Aristocrats of LaPorte county, is capable of courting the Abolition faction, for the purpose of adding some little to their strength. Was the ancient republican virtue, and the law-abiding principles of the American people, ever more grossly outraged than the cherishing of such inhuman and insurrectionary principles, as those advocated by the Abolitionists, which were approved and sustained, in a measure, by this Aristrocratic convention, in the selection of one of its officers ? This shoAvs that in this county, there is a close connection, reciprocity of feeling, and identity of sentiments, between the opposition party and the Abolition faction — if not an entire amalgamation and identity." There is much more of the article, and in it occurs such terms as ' ' black-hearted falsifiers, " " ignorant brawlers, " " long-faced hypo- crites," and ''foul mouthed slanderers." The LaPorte county Wliig, edited by A. P. Andrew, Jr., replies, and says, among other things: "We would ask in all candor, if it is looked upon as a necessary (|ualification that an editor of a party newspaper should indiscriminately abuse all who do not agree with him or his party in politics;" and closes with the pungent querj^, "Does the editor of the Herald use such epithets by order of the party, or does he do it the natural way?" The year, 1840, was a warm campaign year. Martin VanBuren and Richard M. Johnson were again the candidates of the Demo- cratic party for President and Vice President. The Whig party had nominated Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison and John Tyler. Tilghman A. Howard was the Democratic candidate for Governor, and Samuel Bigger the Whig candidate. Other candidates of the Democratic party, as their names appeared in the LaPorte Herald were Edward A. Hannegan, for Congress; Charles W. Cathcart, for State Senator; Willard A. Place, for Representative; Wm. M. POLITICS. 209 Patterson, for Sheriff"; Abram Fravel, for School commissioner; Dr. DeWitt Strong, for County commissioner. At the head of the columns of the LaPorte county Whig, stood the names of the Whig candidates for President, Vice President and Governor; and for Congress, Henry S. Lane; for State Senator, Sylvanus Everts; for Representative, Daniel Brown; for Sheriff, Wm. Allen; for School commissioner, Abel Lomax ; for County commissioner, Henly Clyburn. While in this campaign most of the voters delighted to call them- selves either Whigs or Democrats, or rather Democratic Whigs, and Democratic Republicans, there were a few who boldly took upon themselves the then odious name of Abolitionist. It required con- siderable moral courage to do so. In this county there was but a mere handful, apparently not enough to iijduce either party to court their favor. Had their numbers been greater it is probable there would have been efforts made by one party or the other to secure their votes. It is amusing to see how^ shy of any possible taint on this score both parties were. An Abolitionist was a polit- ical leper, whom it was dangerous to touch. In this general feeling of the country toward them, the parties as they existed in LaPorte county shared* One week in March, 1840, the LaPorte Herald has a thrust at the W^hig newspaper in these words: "The LaPorte county WJiig says not one one word condemnatory of Abolition;" and the next issue of the Whig replies in these Avords: "Nor one commendatory of Abolition." The one party was an open and avowed enemy ; the other refused to be a friend. Betwen the two great political parties, the feeling became sharp and stirring. The LaPorte county TF/ -J X T Tvr T> r Vice Presidents. J. M. Barclay, j J. M. Stuart, Secretary." The feeling towards those who were opposed to slavery, and were hence called ''Abolitionists" has already been alluded to ; audit is thought advisable to present here further evidence of the feeling that existed towards these sincere and conscientious men. In the LaPorte Herald of March 7, 1840, there appeared a long article entitled "Abolitionism," written by Wilber F. Storey, one of the editors, and now the editor-in-chief, and proprietor of the Chicago Times. The following passages are copied from that article : "During two weeks past considerable excitement has existed in this county in consequence of the presence of two emissaries or missionaries sent from some hot-bed of Abolitionism to enlighten the benighted inhabitants of Indiana on this nefarious subject. 230 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Pursuant to notice previously given a few (there are but few in the county), of these "friends of the poor negro," met at the Court House in this place, on Monday the 26th inst. The notice of this meeting we are sorry to say, was ' published in this paper. When we published the Herald we did not admit any of their notices or proceedings into our columns, for rhe reason that we believed the Abolitionists to be no better than traitors to their country. Mr. Lomax, however, admits them when a subscriber to the paper requests it. For our own part, if we published a paper we would not wish to have a single abolition subscriber: and we hope the Democratic party will use every means to drive them out of the ranks, if there be any in. But an Abolitionist cannot con- sistently be a Democrat. We have heard the question frequently asked why such a swarm of abolition lecturers are overrunning the country, and how they support themselves ? We think we can satisfactorily answer the question. There is a society in existence which is styled the 'American Anti-Slavery Society.' By some means this society obtains large amounts of money. Well, for money, a large number of loafers, who are too indolent to earn their bread honestly, can be found Avho will travel about the country and lecture on abolitionism. Their salary is usually about four or five hundred dollars per year, and their expenses paid. But it must be recollected their expenses are very trifling, as they are instructed to practice a system of sponging wherever they go. Our readers Avill therefore observe that it is from no honest motive that they lecture on abolition. We hope that if we are again troubled with abolition loafers, the people of the county will meet in convention, pass resolutions on the subject, and appoint a committee to request them to leave town. We think it a very proper course to pursue. If they do not obey the will of the people, coercive measures will be proper. AV. F. S." Thus is presented as fully as the facts can be obtained from original documents, the principles and attitude of parties in La- Porte county in the year 1840. Party feeling was up to fever heat. The Democrats held the national administration, and the prestige of oflicial power, the President, Martin Van Buren, being POLITICS. 231 a candidate for re-election. The greater degre of enthusiasm was called out by the Whigs, whose candidates "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" were the theme of song and shout and many a log-cabin dis- play. The candidate for congress in each party was a man of brilliant parts. E. A: Hannegan, candidate of the Democratic party, was a captivating speaker, and a lawyer who at the bar had few superiors. Henry S. Lane the Whig candidate was then in the vigor of his manhood and a popular speaker of great eloquence, swaying an audience almost at his will. These two candidates made a thorough canvass of the district, speaking at all available points. Col. Lane spoke at various points in LaPorte county, as did also his Democratic competitor, evoking the highest enthusiam of their respective retainers. Senatorial, representative and county candidates all worked with a vigor and earnestness that had never before been equaled. The election for State and county officers ca^e on in August, and the Whigs were victorious. The county vote in detail at the election in August was as fol- lovs for each candidate: Whig. Vote. Democrat. Vote. Gcvernor, Samuel Bigger, 1004; Tilghman A. Howard, 778 Lt Governor, Samuel Hall, 1009 ; Benjamin S. Tuley, 770 Congress, Henry S. Lane, 1015: Edward A. Hannegan. 760 Slate Senator, S. Everts, 1013; Charles W. Cathcart, 765 Representative, Daniel Brown, 963 ; Willard A. Place, 809 Slieriff, William Allen, 941 ; Wm. M. Patterson. 832 Commissioner, Henly Clyburn, 994; DeWitt Strong, 774 School Com. Abel Lomax, 577 ; Abram Fravel, 481 Independent, John B. Fravel, 692 At the Presidential election in November, the Harrison electors received one thousand and sixty-nine votes, and the Van Buren electors six hundred and thirty-nine votes. Having now presented very fully the position of parties in 1840, and shown the efforts put forth by each to win success, there is here exhibited a rapid glance at the state of parties in the county from the date of the first election for President ever held in the county, the 7th day of November, 1832. In the August preceding, an election was held for the purpose of electing a State Senator, a 232 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Representative in the State legislature, one Sheriff, one Coroner, one Probate Judge, one justice of the peace and one school com- missioner. Seventy-seven votes were cast at this election, and where party lines were drawn on any candidates it resulted in a slight majority for the Whig, Samuel Hanna having received a few votes more than his competitor. Pleasant Harris. At this election Elisha Egbert and George Crawford were the opposing candidates for Representative to the State legislature. At the presidential election in November, one hundred and fifteen votes were cast, and the following are the names of the persons who voted: George Cline, Wm. C. Thrall, James Holder, John Morgan, Isaac Morgan, John Carter, John Barnet, Wm. Garwood, Gaines MungCx'-. Wm. Morgan, Jesse Sherwood, Wm. White, Josiah Bryant, Charles Campbell, Samuel Weston, Charles West, Joseph Orr, Nathaniel Steele, Levi Garwood, Alden Tucker, John Davis, Elisha Newhall, Jonathan Sherwood, John Broadhead, James Hutchins, Jeremiah Sherwood, Ezekiel Provolt, Myron Ives, Daniel Murray, Asa M. Warren, Elias Brown, Michael Brand, Jacob Miller, James Mc- Cormick, Absalom Holder, John Miller, Wm. Miller, Jesse Willets, Amos Dyer, Arthur Irwin, John AVills, Basil Sperry, Aurea Speriy, Levi Brown, John Ireland, Joseph Lykins, Wm. Ireland, Alexaa- der Blackburn. Andrew Shaw, James Nixon, Emery A. Brown, Philip Fail, Sanford Utley, Jes^^e M. West, Henry F. Jones, Join Jones, Nathan B. Nichols, James Ilighley, Gamaliel Druliner, Wn. Thorp, Edmund Luther, Barzilla Druliner, George Thomas, A. ?. Andrew, Jr., Benjamin McCarty, Adam Thornton, Jacob Coleman, John Sailor, Richard Harris, Christopher McClure, Wm. F. Ho:- ton, Absalom Rambo, Orra Morse, Ira Robinson, Wm. McCart}, Joseph Osborn, Wilson Malone, Elijah H. Brown, Wm. Phillips, James Andrew, John Whitaker, John Stanton, Arba Heald, Elijah Stanton, Joseph P. Osborn, Adam G. Polke, Joshua Wilson, Adam Keith, Charles Morley, Wm. Thomas, James Thomas, Samuel Har- mison, Samuel Hoover, Stephen Brayton, John Coleman, R. S. Morrison, Lewis Shirley. In Kankakee township, John Wills was inspector; Ezekiel Provolt and Myron Ives were the clerks, and Nathan B. Nichols and Asa M. Warren the judges. In Scipio township, the inspector was A. P. Andrew, Jr.; the judges were POLiTirs. 288 Charles Morley and Ira Richardson, and the clerks were Samuel Hoover and R. S. Morrison. For New Durham township, the inspector was Elisha Newhall ; the clerks were James Hutchins and Joseph Orr, and the judges were Wm. Morgan and Wm. Garwood, Of the votes cast fifty-nine were for the electors for Henry Clay, and fifty-six were for the electors for Andrew Jackson. The next annual election was held on the 5th day of August, 1883. Edward A. Hannegan and Albert S. White were candidates for congress, and White received a small majority in this county. There were several candidates for Representative to the State legis- lature, among them George Crawford, who led all the rest. The tally paper for the election held in LaPorte county on the 4th day of August, 1834, shows that Noah Noble received three hundred and twenty-eight votes for the ofiice of Governor, and James G. Reed one hundred and fifty, which probably exhibits the rela- tive strength of the two parties at the time. The largest vote cast for any candidate was for the candidate for Governor, and the vote could not have been controlled by local influences, as in the case of the county candidates, the result on whom was divided between the two parties. -^^ At the annual election in 1835, while the Whig candidates for county offices were elected, the county went Democratic on candi- dates for Congress, State Senator and Representative to the State legislature. For Congress, E. A. Hannegan received six hundred and twelve votes, and James Gregory one hundred and sixty -three ; for State Senator D. H. Colerick received two hundred and ninety- three' votes, and Wm. G. Ewing tAvo hundred and seventv-seven : for Representative in the State legislature, Charles W. Cathcart received four hundred and thirty-three votes, Samuel Miller two hundred and twelve, and J. A. Liston one hundred and thirty-four. The annual election of 1836, was held on the first day of August, and the Whig candidates were generally successful in the county, though the vote was very close, Gustavus A. Everts receiving four hundred and sixty-eight votes for State Senator, and David Evans four hundred and sixty-seven. There were six candidates voted for, for Sherifi", and Sutton VanPelt received three hundred and twenty- four votes and Dudley Avery three hundred and one, while the vote of others was small. » 234 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Another presidential election occurred in November of this year. The candidates were Martin Van Buren and Gen. Harrison. The VanBuren electors received four hundred and ninety votes, and the Harrison electors four hundred and fifty-two votes. A. P. Andrew, Jr., was one of the electors on the Whig ticket. The returning board for LaPorte county at this election consisted of Adam G. Polke, Ezra Tyler, C. W. Brown, Jacob Drom, Gale Martin, John Mather and Wm. Ruby. There was also an election this year for associate judije, at which Elisha Newhall received one hundred au'i sixty two votes and Gustavus A. Rose, two hundred and eight votes. At the August election of 1837, the Whigs were victorious. David Wallace received seven hundred and thirty nine votes for Governor against two hundred and two for John Dumont. For Congress Albert S. White received seven hundred and one votes against two hundred and twenty three for Nathan Jackson. For State Senator John H. Bradley received five hundred and seven votes against four hundred and sixty-seven for Charles W. Cathcart. For county offices, the Whigs, with one or two exceptions, were elected. In 1838, the Whigs were again successful, and in 1840, the elections all resulted in their favor, as already shown in detail. The contest of 1840, was one of the most excited campaign years the country has ever witnessed. This county was aroused in full proportion to the vehement state of public feeling elsewhere; and never before in the county, had there been so active a political con- flict. With one exception, that of the independent candidate for school commissioner, the Whigs elected all their candidates, and as LaPorte county went, so went that year, the State and the Nation. If there was any rejoicing over the result, when it was known that there was victory all around the sky, and if there was any profuse drinking of hard cider, which is highly probable, the fact must be left to rest within the knowledge of those who participated. POLITICS. 235 CHAPTER XXII. POLITICS. — Continued. • On the 3d day of May, 1841, an election for Representative in Congress was held in the District of which LaPorte was a part, then the seventh, and the candidates were Henry S. Lane and John Brice, the former the Whig candidate, and the latter the Demo- cratic. LaPorte gave three hundred and ten majority to the Whig candidate, the total vote being seven hundred and seventy-nine for Lane, and four hundred and sixty-nine for Brice. Of the town- ships, Centre, Michigan, Scipio, Noble, Pleasant, Wills, Clinton, Union, Galena and Kankakee gave Whig majorities, and Spring- field, Hudson and New Durham Democratic majorities. At the following August election some of the Democratic candidates were elected. At that time the county elected two Representatives to the State legislature, and for the different candidates the vote was as follows: J. W. Chapman, eight hundred and fifty-one; J. H. Bradley, six hundred and ninety-eight: A. Blackburn, five hun- dred and six ; G. A. Everts, three hundred and twenty-three. For Probate Judge the vote stood, for J. R. Wells, seven hundred and fifteen; S. Stewart, six hundred and fifty-four. For County Auditor, J. D. Collings received four hundred and seventy votes; J. M. Barclay, four hundred and forty-seven ; S. G. Hunt, two hundred and thirty-three; and Abram Fravel, two hundred and fifteen. For County Treasurer, W. A. Place received eight hundred and forty votes, and Wyllis Peck five hundred and seventy-seven. For County Commissioners in the first and second Districts, P. Hunt and B. Beard were elected by handsome majorities. P. S. Weed was elected Assessor without opposition, J. G. Newhouse was elected Coroner over J. Bigelow by six majority, and S. Treat, J. C. Reid and John B. Niles were elected county Seminary Trustees* 236 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. The county was evidently still Whig in politics as was manifest by the vote on the candidates for Representatives. The August election of 1842, was again for county offices only, and the vote for the leading candidates was as follows : For Rep- resentatives, J. H. Bradley, eight hundred and thirty-nine ; John Francis, eight hundred and fifty-four; John Chapman, seven hun- dred and seventy; A. B. Brown, twenty-n.ne. For Sheriif, J. M. Clarkson, seven, hundred and ninety-five; Wm. Allen, seven hundred and eighty. For Commissioner first District, Phineas Hunt, one thousand and twenty-eight; Jacob V. Heckman, two hundred and ten. For Recorder, Burwell Spurlock, one thousand two hundred and one; J. F. Reynolds, one hundred and fifty-six; J. W. Teeple, fiftj-one. The election of 1843, was for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Congress, State Senator, Representatives, County Auditor, County commissioner, School commissioner. Assessor, Coroner, and Prose- cuting attorney. The parties having candidates in the field were Democrat, Whig and Abolitionist. The Whig candidate for Gov- ernor, Samuel Bigger, received eight hundred and thirty-nine votes to six hundred and ninety-nine for James Whitcomb, and fifty-four for Elizur Deming. The Abolitionist candidates throughout received about fifty votes each. For Lieutenant Governor, John H. Bradley, received seven hundred and ninetj-two votes and Jesse D. Bright seven hundred and sixteen votes. For Congress, Samuel C. Sample received eight hundred and forty-one votes and Ebenezer M. Chamberlain six hundred and ninety-six votes. For State Senator Sylvanus Everts received eight hundred and twenty-one votes and J. W. Chapman seven hundred and seventeen votes. For Representatives Wm. Allen received eight hundred and twenty- eight votes, Ferdinand Roberts seven hundred and ninety-seven votes. Charles W. Cathcart seven hundred and thirty-six votes and James Bradley six hundred and ninety-three votes. James Mc- Cord and Hezekiah Robertson were candidates for County com- missioner, and McCord was elected; Joel Butler and Joseph Lomax were candidates for County Auditor, and Butler was elected ; Thomas B. Cole and Samuel Treat were candidates for Assessor, and Treat was elected; E. B. Woodson and D. M. Leaming were POLITICS. 23T candidates for School commissioner, and Woodson was elected; Orrin J. Minor aiid John Closser were candidates for Coroner, and Minor was elected; Reuben L. Farnsworth and Michael C. Dough- erty were candidates for Prosecuting attorney, and Farnsworth received one hundred and thirty-two majority. With few excep- tions, the Whig candidates were elected, the average majority being one hundred. The abolitionist candidates were, for Grovernor, Elizur Deming; for Lieutenant Grovernor, Stephen S. Harding; for Congress, Jacob Bigelow; for. State Senator, Robert Stewart; for Representatives, Theodore Catlin and Herbert Williams; for County commissioners, Jonathan Williams; for School commissioner, Elnathan Gregory; for iVssessor. Mead Catlin ; for Coroner, Judson Sawin ; for County Auditor, .-V. Bigelow. At the August election of 1844, J. M. Barclay and A. L. Osborn were elected Representatives to the State legislature, over Samuel Treat and Thomas P. Armstrong by small majorities. W. A. Place was elected County Treasurer over David G. Rose by two hundred and forty majorit3^ Harrison Hinkley was elected Sheriff over Wm. Allen by twenty-eight majority. George H. Havens was elected Assessor over Foster by forty-four majorit3^ J. S. McDowell was elected Coroner over John Closser by thirty-four majority. A. Lathrop, Charles Vail and H. Robertson were elected County commissioners, over J. V. Hickman, Mark Allen and A. Bigelow. The Abolitionist or Liberty candidate^ were, for Represent'! tives, Jesse Jones and Wyllis Peck ; for Sheriff, Joshua R. Shedd ; for County Treasurer, Ingraham Gould ; for Assessor, Theodore Catlin; for Commissioners, Joel Lewis, Judson Sawin and Herbert Williams ; for Coroner. Jonathan Williams. In this year political strife ran high. A President of the United States was to be elected and the electoral tickets were before the people to be voted on in November. Besides the two great parties, the Aboli- tionists also presented an electoral ticket. Among the electors were mau}^ well known names. Henry S. Lane aud Joseph G. Marshall were electors at laro-e on the Whio; ticket, and amonor the District electors were George G. Dunn, Richard W. Thompson and Horace P. Biddle. The Democratic electors at laro-e were Graham 238 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. N. Fitch and James G. Read ; and among the District electors were Samuel E. Perkins, Paris C. Dunning, Henry W. Ellsworth and Charles W. Cathcart. They all canvassed actively, making numer- ous speeches for their respective chiefs, Henry Clay and James K. Polk. If the result of that great combat had depended on LaPorte county, Henry Clay would have been numbered among the Presi- dents of the United States, for the Whig electors received in this county a vote of one thousand and nine, to eight hundred and thirty- one votes for the Democratic electors, and fifty-three votes for the Abolitionist electors, whose candidate was James G. Birney. At the August election of 1845, LaPorce county went Demo- cratic on candidates for Congress, Charles W. Cathcart receiving a majority of thirty-nine over Samuel C. Sample. For Representa- tives Andrew L. Osborn and J. S. Carter were elected over W. W. Higgins and William M. Patterson. For Associate Judges William Andrew and Abner Bailey were elected. For Clerk, Thomas P. Armstrong was elected over John M. Barclay. For Coroner, Jesse Wasson was elected over A. J. Wair, and tor County commis- sioner, Abiel Lathrop was elected over Whitman Goit, all by small majorities. At the August election of 1846, Joseph G. Marshall was the Whig candidate for Governor, and James Whitcomb, the Demo- cratic, and the vote of LaPorte county was nine hundred and forty-three for Marshall, and eight hundred and sixty-seven for Whitcomb. For Lieutenant Governor, Alexander S. Stevenson received nine hundred and forty-three votes, and Paris C. Dunning eifi^ht hundrpd and sixtv-one. For State Senator. Andrew L. Osborn received nine hundre i and ninety-seven votes and John M. Lemon seven hundred and ninety-eight. For Prosecuting attorney, James Bradley received eight hundred and ninety-four votes, and Joseph H. Mather, nine hundred and one votes. For Representa- tives, Samuel Stewart and F. VV. Hunt were elected over William Wright and Jacob G. Sleight, by less than one hundred majority each. West Darling and Christopher McClure were elected com- missioners over John Wills and Samuel Treat; Joshua S. Mc- Dowell was elected Sheriff over H. F. Hinkley by ninety-one majoritv, and W. K. Anderson was elected over Mark Allen for POLITICS. 239 Assessor by fifty-ttiree majority. The Liberty party, with wonder- ful courage kept up its organization and had a full ticket in the field, and polled this year an average of sixty-three votes in the county, the largest vote yet given. The candidates of that party for county officers were, Representatives, George Sawin and T. N. West; for County commissioners, iVlva Mason and Jonathan Williams; for Sheriff, A. H. Mathews, and for Assessor, Jesse Jones. The Liberty party candidate for State Senator was Robert Stewart. At the election of 1847, held on the 4th day of August, the county went Democratic on candidates for Congress. Daniel D. Pratt, was the Whig candidate and received in this county nine hundred and thirteen votes to nine hundred and ninety-seven for Charles W. Catlicart, tiie Democratic candidate. F. W. Hunt and Myron H. Orton were elected Representatives to the State legis- lature over J. G. Sleight and William Taylor by majorities of about one hundred each. John M. Lemon was elected Treasurer at this election, receiving nine hundred and seventy-seven votes, to nine hundred an i sixty-one for Willard A. Place. Alfred Stephens was elected County commissioner by a small majority over West Dar- ling: and A. J. Wair was elected Coroner over John F. Decker, by a majority of eighty-seven. The year 1848, brought with it a lively campaign. It was the year when General Taylor was the candidate of the Whig party for President, and General Lewis Cass candidate of the Democrats. Martin Van Buren was the candidate of the Free Soil party. Of course party lines were more closely drnwn than in other years when national interests were not at stake ; but in LaPorte county, local considerations affected the result in August to such an extent that some candidates were elected from each of the two leading political parties, the Democrats generally leading. Willard A. Place and F. W. Hunt were elected Representatives over A. Ainsworth and A. H. Robinson, Place receiving a majority of one hundred and forty- six and Hunt a majority of five. Andrew J. Wair was elected Auditor over Joel Butler by a majority of one hundred and thirty- three. J. R. Wells was elected Probate judge over William C Hannah. James Bradley was elected Prosecuting attorney over 240 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Myron H. Orton. J. S. McDowell was elected Sheriff over W. D. Shumway by four hundred and eighty-nine majority. Samuel Burson was elected County commissioner over A. Lathrop and Joseph B. Lewis was eclected Assessor over R. Shaw by nineteen majority. The political excitement did not terminate Avith the local election in August, but increased until the Presidential election in November. Perhaps the most signiiBcant circumstance attending this campaign and election was the growth of the Free Soil senti- ment, the county giving two hundred and tAventy-six votes for the Van Buren and Adams electors, the candidates of that party for the Presidency and Vice Presidency. The Whig electors received one thousand and twenty-seven votes, and the Democratic eight hun- dred and eightj^-three votes, the county going for Taylor and Fillmore b}^ one hundred and forty-four majority over Cass and Butler. On the electoral ticket of each party these were men who have become distinguished in the history of the State. Among the Democratic electors there were Robert Dale Owen, Cyrus L. Dun- ham, Charles H. Test and Graham N. Fitch; among the Whig electors wdre Joseph G. Marshall, Godlove S. Orth, Lovell H. Rousseau and Daniel D. Pratt; amono^ the Free Soil electors, were H. L. Ellsworth, James H. Cravens, George W. Julian and John H. Bradley. The canvassing of the whole State was constant, thorough and able. Passions were deeply stirred, for more and more were questions arising out of the institution of slavery coming to the surface, and although both the old parties endeavored to ignore such questions, yet, like the ghost of murdered Banquo, they would not ''down." At the August election in 1849, the county went Whig by an average majority of one hundred and fifty. The vote on candi- dates for Governor were, for John K. Matson, Wliig, one thousand one hundred and two, and for Joseph A. Wright, Democrat, nine hundred and fifty-nine ; for Lieutenant Governor, Thomas S. Stanfield, Whig, one thousand one hundred and five, and James H. Lane, Democrat, nine hundred and fifty-four; for Representative in Congress, Williamson AVright, one thousand one hundred and twenty-seven, Graham N. Fitch, nine hundred and fifty-seven ; for State Senator, Abram Teecrarden, Whig, one thousand one hundred POLITICS. 241 and sixty-one, and William W. McCoy, Democrat, nine hundred and one ; for Representatives in the State legislature, Alex. H. Robinson and William Millikan. Whigs, ^vere elected over W. A. Place and Jacob R. Hall; for Probate judge, Mulford K. Farrand, W^hig, Avas elected over Gilbert Hathaway, Democrat: for County commissioners, John F. Allison and Christopher Mc- Clure were elected over Wm. Fry and Alfred Stephens; for Recorder, Burwell Spurlock was the only candidate; for Coroner F. A. McDowell was elected over R. K. Crandall. The election of August, 1850, resulted in the election of some of the candidates of each of the tivo parties. For delegates to the constitutional convention, John B. Niles, Alexander Blackburn, Charles W. Cathcart and E. D. Taylor were the candidates, and they received votes as follows; Niles, nine hundred and ninety- three; Taylor, one thousand and two; Cathcart, nine hundred and thirty-one, and Blackburn, eight hundred and thirty-nine. For Representatives in the State legislature, William Millikan and James Bradley were elected over Alexander H. Robinson and Jacob R. Hall; for Treasurer, John M. Lemon Avas elected over William Taylor; for Sheriff, H. Lawson was elected over Jesse Mathis by twenty-nine majority only ; for County commissioner Mark Allen was elected over John F. Allison ; for Coroner, E. S. Organ was elected over F. McCollum, and for Assessor, Joseph B. Lewis was elected over John S. Jessup. At the regular election held on the first Mondav of August, 1851, the Whigs carried the county by a small majority, averaging- less than one hundred. The candidates for Congress, were Schuy- ler Colfax and Graham N. Fitch, and the former received of the votes of LaPorte county, one thousand and seventy-three, the latter one thousand and sixty-six. For the Legislature, F. W. Hunt was elected over James Bradley; for Clerk, Yolney Bailey Avas elected over A. W. Henley: for County commissioner, George C. Havens was elected over James Drummond by ten majority; for Assessor, John S. Jessup was the only candidate. At this election the new constitution was voted u^on, and LaPorte county gave one thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine votes for its adoption, to one hundred and thirty two votes against it. That section of this i6 242 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. constitution wliich provided for the exclusion of "negroes and mulattoes'" from tlie State was submitted to a separate vote, and althougli it is not pleasant to write it, yet the truth must be told that for tliis barbarous measure there were one thousand three hun- dred and thirty-eiglit votes, and only six hundred and thirty-five against it. And yet perhaps there should be a feeling of gratifica- tion that so large a vote Avas cast against it, for it was certainly much larger in proportion to the whole vote than in many other parts of the State, and indicated that the grand idea of freedom for all men, was taking root, and giving promise of a golden harvest. How men have grown since that day^ I g)own in the knowledge of the meaning of Liberty, in the knowledge of human brotherhood, and of a genuine political manhood. Let us be glad for that six hundred and thirty-five votes. This was the year when Schuyler Colfax was a candidate for Congress the first time. The convention by which he was nomi- nated, was held at Plymouth on the 28th day of May. The Demo- crats of the District had met a few days previously, on the 22d day of May, at the same place, and nominated Graham N. Fitch for re-election to Congress. To show the position of parties on public questions at this time there is here presented the resolutions adopted by the two conventions held at Plymouth. The Demo- cratic convention ado])ted as its platform of principles, the following resolutions: ''Resolved^ That the cardinal principles of the Democratic party are to be found in the resolutions of 1T98, drawn by Jefferson and Madison, and renfiirmed by the National conventions of 1836, 1840, 1844 and 1(!>48; that we regard them as the touchstone of our political faith ; that we will be governed by them in our political action, and that we place our nominee for Congress upon the broad platform thus erected. Resolved, That we abide by the letter and spirit of the Consti- tution, and that we will stand by each and all of its Ci.mpromises, and therefore recognize the binding force of every clause, (the delivery of fugitives from labor included), and we regard any action from any quarter. North or South, that tends to Aveaken or estrange our liigh allegiance to its solemn provisions, as equally faithless and treasonable." POLITICS. 243 The Whig convention adopted a much longer platform of princi- ples. Their resolutions were as follows : '^ Rpsolved^ That the Whigs of the ninth Congressional District, in convention assembled, tender to each other their pledge of fidelity to the cause, and devotion to the principles for which they have so long labored. Resolved^ That our position remains unchanged; no interference with the domestic policy or peculiar institutions of sister States ; no extension of slave territory; no diffusion of an institution which it is believed tends to degrade labor and blight industry, over more of National soil than it now covers; no countenancing of disunion sentiments whether at the North or South ; but devotion, unfalter- ing and unconditional devotion to our glorious Union, in any event, under all circumstances, despite all contingencies. Resolved, That although we may not agree upon each and every one of the measures passed by the last Congress, known as the com- promise measures, yet we regard them as designed to settle the questions specified in them, and that we are of the opinion that the good of the country requires that the settlement should remain undisturbed until time and experience shall show that a change or modification of them is necessary to avoid evasion or abuse; and that we hold, in the language of Henry Clay, on making his report from the committee of thirteen, that "Congress ought, while on the one hand securing to the owner the fair restoration of his property, efiectually to guard on the other against any abuse in the applica- tion of the remedy," being satisfied that it is not unsafe for either individuals or nations to rectify wrong by the substitution of right, and that the croAvning glory of law is its protection of the rights of the weak as well as its enforcement of the just claims of the strong. Resolved. That the thanks of the nation are due Millard Fillmore and his Cabinet for the promptness and efficiency with which they have maintained the public faith, and for their determination to execute the laws at every hazard, and preserve unsullied the honor and integrity of the Nation ; and that this administration deserves the confidence and support of the Whig party. Resolved, That so far from the prosperity so confidently pre- dicted by our opponents being realized by the working of the present tariff', we see, instead of the high prices for grain that were promised, a depression in rate>< almost unparalleled ; instead of an increase in the rewards of labor, factories and mills all over the land stopping, and thus operatives ceasing to purchase of the farmer. 244 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY compelled to resort to agriculture themselves, and becoming rivals in producing instead of being consumers, thereby tending still further to depress prices by the superabundance thus created: and instead of the wealth of the world pouring in as was prophesied, a balance of trade against us of |50,000.000 in a single year, and tlie shipment of over §0. 000, 000 per month m hard coin from but one port to Europe, saying nothing of the millions upon millions of bonds and loans negotiated abroad, all hereafter to be paid for in cash and nothing else, attest to every man willing to see, that all the avails of our hardy miners in California, with an amount e({ually large in addition is taken from us for the benefit of foreign manufacturers, who rejoice and thrive over the prostration of our industrial enterprises. Resolved^ That Congress should, in arranging the details (jf a tariff, not only seek to raise sufficient revenue for the support of Government, but at the same time discriminate so judiciously in the duties upon foreign imports, as to promote all the industrial interests of our own country ; that all legislation which tends to the developement of our own resources, or the diversification of labor into different pursuits, or the building up of a home market for agricultural products on our own soil, or the carrying out of the emphatic declaration of Jefferson that ''to be independent for the comforts of life, we must fabricate them ourselves : we must place the manufacturer by the side of the agriculturist," is eminently beneficial in its character and conduces to the prosperity, the prog- ress, the wealth and the real independence of the Nation : and that the present tariff should be so modified, as recommended by President Fillmore and Secretary Corwin, as to make it conform to the above principles, and render it what the tariff of the United States should be — incidental protection to our own labor. Resolved^ Tliat it is the duty of congress to make liberal ai)pro- priations for the improvement of the Rivers and Harbors of the West as well as fur those of the South and East: that our internal com- merce floating on fresh water, should have equal benefits and equal protection with that extended so liberally to the external, or salt water commerce of the country, and that no false excuses about a bill including works of a local character will be any justification with the people of the West, for denying them that, which, though long and justly claimed, has been so often defeated b}' tlie vetoes of Democratic Administrations, or the more recent wilful factiousness of Democratic Senators. That this District has peculiar claims upon the National Legislature in this respect, being directly intei-- POLITICS. 545 ested in the Harbors at Michigan City and St. Joseph; and that it shoiikl send a member to represent their claims Avho can have per- sonal influence with his colleagues sufficient to procure for them, the vote of at least one other member of his own party from his own State. Resolved., That we deprecate all those contrivances, whether under or Avithout the cover of law, which wink at the pilfering of the Government treasury under the pretense of constructive mileage, long mileage, Ritchie claims and other kindred absorbents; that constructive mileage should be abolished totally and forever ; the present exorbitant rate of mileage, so greatly disproportioned to the expense of travel, reduced at least one-half, and computed, not by the easiest but the nearest route; and public contractors com- pelled to live up to their obligations without importunate appeals to be allowed hundreds of thousands of dollars in addition. Resolved, That we are in favor of reducing letter postage to a low rate, and the entire abolition of the franking privilege, leaving the government and congressmen to pay their OAvn postage the same as private citizens. Resolved, That as Whigs, we sympathize with the struggles of the masses now^ goiiig forward in the old world, to throw off the shackles which have so long bound them ; and to assert that equality and independence which we regard as man's birthright. Resolved, L'nanimously, that we recommend to the voters of this Congressional District, Schuyler Colfax, the candidate this day nominated, with the assurance to all that he is honest, and would scorn to betray them, or violate pledges which he may make, capable, possessing talents and a zeal in their exercise which must be valuable to the district, and creditable to the councils of the Xation. should he be elected, and faithful to the constitution of the country, regarding its observance as the bond of our union, the guarantee of our national welfare, and the means of promoting internal peace, and hushing the voice of faction and discord amongst our jarring members." The resolutions of the two parties given above, exhibit the issues which divided them this year and also in the Presidential campaign which was soon to follow. The Whig convention at Plymouth was presided over by Andrew L. Osborn ; Wm. Millikan was one of the Seci etaries. Mr. Treadway was on the committee to report permanent officers of the convention, and Mulford K. Farrand was made chairman of the District Central committee. 246 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. The convention seems to have been a most harmonious one. Mr. Colfax was nominated unanimously, and the resolutions were unan- imously adopted. On the 4th day of June, the LaPorte Whig contained the following call for a county convention : " RALLY WHIGS ! COUNTY CONVENTION ! ! In consequence of there being but few in attendance at the con- vention on Saturday the 25th, the nomination of candidates for State and county officers for this county, was postponed. The cen- tral committee have therefore appointed Saturday, the 14th day of June next, as a day upon which to hold a Mass County Conven- tion in LaPorte, to nominate a candidate to represent this county in the next legislature, and also to nominate candidates for county officers. Every Whig in the county is requested to attend. Let the townships all be fully and fairly represented. The meeting will be organized at 11 o'clock, a. m. D. G. Rose, J. B. Fravel, Edward Yail, Wm. Millikan, Whig Central Committee. LaPorte, May 27, 1851." The result of the election which followed has already been given. The year 1852, was fraught with much deeper interest politically. Franklin Pierce was the Democratic candidate for President, Gen. Winfield Scott the Whig candidate, and John P. Hale the Free Soil candidate. The candidates for Governor, were Joseph A. Wright, Democratic, and Nicholas McCarty, Whig, and the full complement of State officers was voted for. For Congress, Norman Eddy was the Democratic candidate, and Horace P. Biddle, the Whig. The candidates for Judge of the ninth judicial circuit, were James Bradley and Thomas S. Stanfield; for Judge of the court of common pleas, Herman Lawson and Mulford K. Farrand were the candidates; for Prosecuting attorney of the circuit court, D. J. Woodward and John M. Wilson were the candidates ; for Present- ing attorney of the common pleas, the candidates were Daniel Noyes and A. Dickson ; for Representative, the candidates were John C. Walker and Franklin W. Hunt; Samuel Burson and Wm. Allen were candidates for Sheriff; Ambrose W. Henly and Volney W. POLITICS. 24T Bailey were candidates for Clerk; Mark Allen and Edmund S. Organ were candidates for Treasurer; Jackson Hosmer and Wm. H. Goodhue were candidates for Commissioner; John P. Cathcart and Elam Clark were candidates for Surveyor; Henry Fox and E. E. Annis w^ere candidates for Coroner. The new constitution was in force and the general annual election was for the^ first time held in October. At this election the Democrats succeeded in revolution- izing the county, giving a majority to nearly all their candidates. They held the county also at the Presidential election in November, giving a majority of one hundre;] and eleven to the Democratic electors. But at this election the Free Soil party cast one hundred and thirty-six votes lor the Hale and Julian electors. Among the Whig electors were Schuyler Colfax, Richard W. Thompson, John Coburn, David Kilgore, Nathan Kimball, Pleasant A. Hackleman and Henry S. Lane; and among the Democratic electors, Wm. Grose, Ebenezer Dumont, James H. Lane and John A. Hendricks. There were a few exceptions to the general Democratic victory at the October election. Thomas S. Stanfield received a majority of one hundred and sixty-eight over James Bradley ; Mulford K. Far- rand received a majority of sixty over lierman Lawson; William Allen was elected Sheriff over Samuel Burson by twenty-six majority; Volney W. Bailey was elected Clerk over A. W. Henly by one hundred and tw^enty-six majority; and Edmund S. Organ was elected Treasurer over Mark Allen by one hundred and eighty- one majority. All the rest of the Democrats received majorities ranging from forty to one hundred. When it was ascertained that as LaPorte county went, so went the State, it was not strange that the LaPorte Commercial Times, edited by John C. Walker and John W. Holcombe, should insert at the head of its columns, the traditional rooster. The rooster occupied his place but looked as though he was waiting for the result of the November election before he venture-i to crow. When that came it gave him the opportunity. The Ti}iies expressed itself in these words over the result in October; ''XINE GUNS FOR PIERCE AND KING ! I Sufficient returns have come in from the elections in Indiana. Ohio and Pennsylvania, to indicate the greatest victories ever w^on 248 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. by the Democratic party. Each of the States has rolled up over- whelming majorities, ranging from twelve to twenty thousand. Let the Whigs shut their eyes as they will, and ostrich-like, thrust their heads in such twigs of comfort as they can find; let them discover as many local issues as they choose, and contrast the present major- ities with pas# votes for Governor; let them reduce the figures as low as they will, and count the votes on steamboats and railroads, the great fact cannot be blinked, that the prestige of victory and all the omens of triumph cluster around the banner of Democracy. No -one will believe the miserable subterfuge that the Whig party regarded the late elections as of no importance, and made no efforts to win the battle. Were it so, such shameful abandonment of the post of duty would most surely prove them unfit to be trusted with the destinies of the nation. But they did work, with all the frenzy of desperation, and their labors were all fruitless ; the aspirations of the age and the instincts of the people were against them. Maine and North Carolina, loAva and Missouri, Indiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania, Florida and South Carolina have taken their posts in the line of battle, and will not alter in November, the glorious war cry, which they have so proudly flung on the breeze in August and October. Indiana is the banner State. Governor Wright's majority is 23robably near twenty thousand. In 1849 it was less than ten thousand — clear gain of ten thousand. Ten Democrats and only one Whig elected to Congress. In the Legislature there is probably on joint ballot a Democratic majority of fifty members. Dr. Norman Eddy, Representative elect in our own District, received a majority in every county. Herman Lawson, our present Sheriff, is elected Judge of the court of common pleas in this District, consisting of LaPorte, Porter and Lake counties. Majority two. One hundred and fifty-three ballots containing the name of James K. Farrand, were thrown out as informal. In the late election, LaPorte county polled two thousand five hundred and eighty-eight votes, distributed as follows among the various townships, Michigan ; two hundred and eighty-eight ; Spring- field, seventy -four; Galena, seventy-three; Hudson, eighty; Cool POLITICS. 249 Spring, eighty-three ; Centre, seven hundred and forty ; Kankakee, one hundred and forty-five; Wills, one hundred and twenty-one; Pleasant, four hundred and twelve ; Scipio, one hundred and fifty- five: New Durham, one hundred and sixty-four; Clinton, one hun- dred and twenty-four; Noble, two hundred and ten; Union, one hundred and sixty ; Cass, twenty-nine." It seems quite evident that in 1852, there was a Democratic tidal wave which rolled over not LaPorte county alone, but the whole country. The result sounded the knell of the Whig party. It was broken up and never again rallied. New departures were taken, and out of the disorganized material of which the Whig party was composed, augmented by numerous accessions from the anti-slavery sentiment of the Democracy, the Republican part}^ was at length formed; and parties became divided squarely upon issues growing out of slavery. At the election of October, 1853, only a few more than one thousand and six hundred votes Avere polled in LaPorte county. The field seems to have been yielded to the Democrats without a struggle. The only officers to be elected were Reporter of the supreme court. County Auditor and two Commissionevs. The vote stood as follows: For Reporter supreme court, A. Gr. Porter, nine hundred and ninety-nine votes and James W. Gordon six hundred and thirty votes : for County Auditor, Andrew J. Wair, one thou- sand and fifteen votes, John S. Allen four hundred and three, and Abram Fravel two hundred and twenty votes; for Commissioners, James Drummond, nine hundred and ninety-six votes, Jacob R. Hall, one thousand and seven votes, Phineas Hunt, six hundred and seventeen votes and Joseph Orr six hundred votes. The election aroused no political feeling: and very little was said about it in the press. The following mild utterance is from the LaPorte Times, and is about all that was said concerning the election of 1853 : '•OCTOBER ELECTION. For some weeks we have had the name of Albert G. Porter at the head of our columns as the Democratic nominee for Supreme Court Reporter, and we would now call attention to the importance of that office, and the election of a fit and competent man to dis- 250 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. charge its duties. Mr. Porter, as appointee of the Governor, has already manifested his entire capacity, and if elected, will do credit to the position. There is but one fear on the subject of the October election, and that is that the Democracy will not think this matter of electing a Reporter of sufficient importance to induce them to the polls. This should never be ! Let the people show their will on every occasion of this kind, for if they do not, there are opportunities left open for now and then a most shameful defeat. We shall notice this election again." New questions now arose, growing out of the Know-Nothing excitement and the agitation which attended the passage of the Nebraska Bill, and repeal of the Missouri compromise, and at the October election of 1854, the average majority against the Demo- cratic party was three hundred. The election was for State officers, except Governor and Lieutenant Governor, Representative in Con- gress, Prosecuting attorney for the circuit court, and also for the court of common pleas. Representative to the State legislature and several other county officers. The candidates for Congress, were Schuyler Colftix, and Norman Eddy, and Colfax received one thou- sand seven hundred and twenty-nine, votes to one thousand three hundred and ninety-nine for Eddy. The candidates for Prosecut- ing attorney in the circuit court, were Morgan H. Weir and Don J. Woodward, and Weir received tnree hundred and nine majority. James A. Thornton was the Democratic candidate for common pleas Prosecutor against Wm. C. Talcott, and Talcott received a majority of two hundred and forty-five votes. Jacob R. Hall was elected Representative to the State legislature against John C. Walker; Edmund S. Organ was elected County Treasurer against Orpheus Everts; Wm. H. H. Whitehead was elected Sheriff over H. P. Lans.; the candidates for County commissioner, were 0. F. Piper and James Drummond, and Piper was elected ; the candidates for County Surveyor, were Daniel M. Leaming and John P. Cath- cart, and Leaming was elected; and Henry W. Fox was elected Coroner against Wm. Fry. Not much interest was manifested by the people of the county in the election of 1855, as there were no officers to be elected except a Recorder and three Commissioners. Only about one thousand and POLITICS. 251 nine hundred votes were cast, although there were probably thirty- two or thirty-three hundred voters in the county. The Democrats were successful and elected all their candidates by majorities ranging from ninety-one to two hundred and fifty. Anderson Hupp was elected Recorder against Burwell Spurlock, and Asa M. Warren, Aquilla W. Rodgers, and H. J. Reese were elected Commissioners against Samuel Harvey, Abram Westervelt and George Crawford. Prior to 1856, the anti-slavery sentiment of the country had become consolidated. It took the form of opposition to the exten- sion of slavery into the territories of the United States, and resulted in the organization of the Republican party. The larger portion of the Whigs found themselves naturally in the new party, most of the Free Soilers united with it, and also the large anti-slavery ele- ment of the Democratic party. The first national convention of the new party met early in 1856, and nominated John C. Fremont for President and Wm. L. Dayton for Vice President. The candidates of the Democracy were James Buchanan and John C. Breckenridge. Oliver P. Morton was the Republican candidate for Governor of Indiana, and Ashbel P. Willard, the Democratic candidate. W. Z. Stewart was the Democratic candidate for Congress and Schuyler Colfax had been nominated by the Republicans for re-election. M. H. Weir was the Republican candidate for State Senator, and Herman Lawson, the Democratic candidate; and for Jud;]:e of the court of common pleas, the candidates were William C. Talcott, Republican, and Daniel Noyes, Democrat. The candidates for county officers were as follows, the Dci^iocratic candidate for each office being first named: For Representative to the State legisla- ture, William R. Bowes and George Crawford; for Clerk, C. W. Mead and James Moore; for Treasurer, Seth Eason and Abel D. Porter; for Sheriff, Nathan Kell and Wm. H. H. Whitehead; for Surveyor, John P. Cathcart and Daniel M. Leaming; for Coroner, Wm. Fry and R. G. James, and for Commissioner, A. W. Rogers and El am Clark. The Republicans were victorious. The vote was the largest that had ever been cast in the county, the total number being four thousand five hundred and sixty-three: and the Republican candi- dates were all successful by majorities ranging from fifty, to one 252 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. hundred and forty-nine. On State officers the average majority was one hundred and five. The majority of Mr. Colfax was one hundred and thirty. Morgan H. Weir's majority was one hundreil and twenty-two. Whitehead's majority was one hundred and forty-nine. The canvass for the Presidential nominees was still kept up, and in November, LaPorte county cast a still larger vote than in October, the whole- number of votes being four thousand eight hundred and nineteen. Of these the Republican electors received two thousand five hundred and thirty-three votes, the Democratic electors two thousand two hundred and thirty-nine votes, and there were forty- five votes cast for a third electoral ticket. Daniel D. Pratt was the Whig elector for the ninth District, and. Orpheus Everts the Dem- ocratic elector. The whole campaign was one of intense interest and excitem.ent. and although the Republican party was defeated in its first national contest, and in most of the States, yet the large vote it cast, and its man}' local victories, served to consolidate it and prepare it for future success. The election of 1857 was without especial incident. It included county officers and Judge of the circuit court, Andrew L. Osborn being elected to the latter position by a heavy majority. The can- didates for county officers, were for Clerk, James Moore and John B. Fravel: for Sheriff", Wm. H. H. Whitehead and Nathan Kell; for Treasurer, Abel D. Porter and Seth Eason; for Auditor, John G. Laird and Thomas Pryce; for Commissioner first District, Isaac B. Coplin and Wm. W. Garrard; for Commissioner second District, Sidney S. Sabin and Henry P. Lans. Moore. Whitehead, Porter, Laird. Coplin and Sabin, all Republicans, were elected by major- ities ranging from one hundred and fifty to over four hundred. In the case of Laird and Pryce there was a contest on the ground that Laird had been elected to the office of Justice of the Peace, within four years, which would under the constitution prevent his holding any but a judicial office within that time. It was finally adjudged that neither party was entitled to the office, and Reuben Munday was appointed by the commissioners to serve until the next general election. Political excitement became warm a^ain in 1858. The terms POLITICS. 253 that were heard most in the party hiiiguage of the dav were "Lecompton Constitution," "Kansas," "Border Ruffianism," "Freedom of the Territories," "Non-Extension of Slaver}-," '*Dred Scott Decision." All the State officers except Governor were to be elected, a mem])er of Congress, and county officers. The Repub- licans carried the county on State officers by from five hundred and twenty to five hundred and sixty majority in a total vote of five thousand and twenty-six. Schuyler Colfax and Jolni C. Walker Avere the opposing candidates for Congress, and the former's majority in the county was five hundred and sixty-five. Wm. B. Biddle and James A. Thornton were the opposing candi- dates for Prosecuting attorney in the circuit court, and Biddle received a majority of five hundred and two. John Walton and Theophilus Fravel were the opposing candidates for Auditor, and Walton was elected. Abel D. Porter was elected Treasurer over Truman T. Harris: Joshua S. McDoAvell was elected Sheriff over Levi Ely: Elisha L. Bennett was elected Surveyor over Mundav Allen: Luther Brusie was elected Coroner over Henry Ellsworth: John Warnock was elected Commissioner over J. W. Butterfield. and Wm. H. Scott and M. G. Sherman were elected Representa- tives over James Bradley and James Orr. The officers elect were all Republicans, and the ma-jorities were generally over five hundred. Tlie "off year" of 1859 brought out a very light vote, the whole number cast being only two thousand eight hundred and thirty-five. There were but three offices to be filled: Prosecuting attorney common pleas court. Kecorder, and Commissioner for the second District. Joseph M. Doav and Daniel Noyes were the candidates for Prosecuting attorney: and Doav, Republican, received a majority in tliis county of one hundred and eighty-four. Luther Mann. Jr.. was the Republican candidate for Recorder and Anderson Hupp the Democratic candidate for re-election. Hupp was elected by sixty- six majority. Sidney S. Sabin was elected Commissioner against Harvey Truesdell, Democrat. The country was now becoming deeply moved over <|uestions whicli stirred the popular heart as none had ever done before. The storm had been gathering ever since the repeal of the Missouri 254 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. compromise; the struggles in Kansas had deepl}^ intensified the feeling of the people of the North, and John Brown's attempt upon Harper's Ferry had been skillfully managed so as to arouse' and heat the people of the South. That the territories of the United States should be forever consecrated to freedom was the solemn determination of a large nifijority of the people of the North : and that the boundaries of the institution of slavery should not be further enlarged. The South, seeking its perpetuation by means of enlarged political power, determined that it should not be restricted, but should have enlarged privileges. The questions dividing par- ties were thus chiefly sectional, and pointed directly to war. In this state of the public mind, the Republican party met m national con- vention in Chicago, and nominated Abraham Lincoln for President, and Hannibal Hamlin for Vice President. The Democratic party met at Charleston in South Carolina, and the ''fire-eating" element of the South, the better to secure their object, the dissolution of the Union, broke up the convention. The party afterwards met in the city of Baltimore, and there the same turbulent element divided the convention, and the result was the nomination of two Democratic tickets, Stephen A. Douglas and Herschel V. Johnson for President and Vice President on the one side, and John C. Breck- enridge and Joseph Lane on the other. Henry S. Lane stood at the head of the Republican State ticket, as candidate for Governor and Thomas A. Hendricks, at the head of the Democratic ticket. In the ninth District Schuyler Colfax was again the Republican candidate for Congress and the Democrats pitted against him the veteran Charles W. Cathcart. Daniel Noyes and Elisha Egbert were the opposing candidates for Judge of the court of common pleas. The candidates for county offices were as follows : For Clerk, James Moore and C C. Morrical: for Sheriif, Joshua S. McDowell and Richard Huncheon: for Treasurer, Reginald H. Rose and Truman T. Harris; For Coroner, Ludwig Eliel and Robert Friedel; for Surveyor, Edward H. Leaming and John P. Cathcart; for Commissioner, Isaac B. Coplin and Ephraim Barney; for Representatives to the State legislature, Samuel Harvey ahd Mason G. Sherman, Republicans, and Irwin S. Jessup and Henr}^ P. Lans, Democrats. The candidates for State Senator, were Abraham Teegarden and Henry Higgins. POLITICS. 255 Tlie position which the Republican party maintained on slavery questions may be seen in the following resolutions found in the State Republican platform of that year : '-' Besolved, That we are opposed to the new and dangerous doc- trine advocated by the Democratic party, that the Federal consti- tution carries slavery into the public territories, and that we believe slavery cannot exist anywhere in this government, unless by positive local law, and that we will oppose its extension into the ter- ritories of the Federal Government by all the power known to the constitution of the United States. Resolved, That we ai-e opposed to any interference with slavery ^vhere it exists under the sanction of State law, that the soil of every State should be protected from lawless invasions from every quarter, and that the citizens of every State should be secured from illegal arrests and search, as Avell as from mob violence." The}' also embodied the following in the platform: Resolved, That we regard th.e preservation of the American Union as the highest object and duty of patriotism, and that it must and shall be preserved, and that all who advocate disunion are, and deserve the fate ot, traitors." Other questions formed issues between the parties, but the chief and most important by far, the overshadowing ones, were those growing out of the institution of slavery and the attitude of the South with respect to it, and also towards the Union. Threats of secession in case of the election of Mr. Lincoln were freely made, and the leaders in the violence which characterized the proceedings in the South, were more deeply in earnest than the people of the North generally supposed. The cauipaign was distinguished, besides the usual processions and speeches, by a Republican organ- ization known as Wide Awakes, which adopted a simple uniform, and were provided with torch lamps, fixed on poles, and thus added much to the interest of night meetings. The company of Wide Awakes which existed in LaPorte, was drilled by Gen. Newell Gleason, in the manner of handling their lamp sticks according to the manual of arms. In one year from that time many of the same persons were drilling with arms, preparatory to fighting the battles of the nation against a section of country which had wantonly risen 2-')0 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. in rebellion. The political pulse beat high in both parties, great political gatherings were frequent, anJ processions and enthusiasm filled up the days and the nights. At length the day of the October election came, and the Republicans were completely successful. The average majority which the county irave on the State ticket was nine hundred and eighty-five. Colfax's majority for congress was one thousand and five. Egbert's majority for Judge was four hun- dred and seventy. Teegarden's majority for the State Senate was one thousand and three. The Republican majority on county offices was from seven hundred to one thousand majority. The whole number of votes vast was five thousand and fifteen. But the crreat e\ ent was still to occur — the Presidential election in November. o At this election there were four electoral tickets in the field, those headed by the candidates already named, and the Union party ticket, headed by John Bell and Edward Everett. Each of them Avere voted for in this county. The county filled three places on electoral tickets. John C. Walker, was on the Douglas Democratic ticket for the State at large, James Bradley was on the Brecken- ridge Democratic ticket for the ninth District, and John P. Early on the Bell and Everett electoral ticket for the ninth District. The Lincoln electoral ticket received two thousand nine hundred and sixtv-seven: the Douglas ticket, one thousand six hundred and six; the Bell and Kverett ticket, twenty-seven, and the Brecken- ridge ticket, four hundred and seventy-four, the number of votes cast being five thousand and seventy-four. The Republii^an majority over all was eight hundred and sixty; and over the Douglas-Democratic ticket, one thousand three hundred and sixty- one. On the next day after the election, the LaPorte Union had this to say : ••LalNn-te county is entitled to the Banner. Lincoln's majority in this countv is probably one thousand four hundred over Douglas. The Breckenridge vote in the county is about five hundred. Li this city the vote was a.< follows : For Lincoln nine hundred and twenty-seven; for Douglas, three hundred and oiirhty-nine; Breckenridge, ninety-five, and Bell, seventeen. St. Joseph county gives Lincoln nine hundred majority. The result is better than we had hoi)ed for : but we are none the POLITICS. 257 less delighted with it. We are anxious to spread the good news as soon as possible, and Avill not wait for further details." The night of the election day, the Republicans of the city of LaPorte met in Huntsman Hall, to receive and read the despatches, determining not to go to their homes until they should learn the general result. About eight o'clock the news began to arrive. Mishawaka reported Republican gains, and Calumet sent word that they had given Lincoln a majority of nineteen. Calumet, now Chesterton, had always before gone Democratic. These results started the cheers, and speeches were called for ; but no one felt like speaking then; as one expressed it, they '-were too full for utter- ance and felt too good." Some news came from other portions of this State, from w^estern Ohio and from Michigan, all bearing tidings of large Republican gains. This was all received wdth much glee; but the State which all were anxious to hear from was New York. The despatches began to drop in from small towns, and as it was not known how they had previously stood, there was no information conveyed. But at last the decisive despatches came showing that New York was safe f ; r Lincoln, and that Pennsylva- nia's majority for him would be seventy thousand. This news created an enthusiasm such as it would be difficult to describe. Men were lifted up and carried around the hall on the shoulders of the multitude, there were shouting and singing, and a perfect shower of flying hats; strong men wept for joy, and laughed and shouted alternately. The news from New England and other States that had been received meantime, settled it that the national victory was with the Republicans. Then about one o'clock in the morning, they departed to their homes. Men do not indulge in these enthusi- asms now, and the men of 1860 may be thought to have been grotesquely extravagant, but we should pardon something to the spirit of liberty, and to the new-born zeal for the young party which was enkindled by its first national victory. The vote of 1861 was light. None but county officers were to be elected, and the whole number of votes cast was two thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine. Of these, for Sheriff, S. P. Mead received one thousand four hundred and thirty-five, and Wm. Ever- hart one thousand three hundred and eighty-eight; For County 17 258 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. commissioner, John P. Cathcart received two thousand five hundred and eighty-one votes and John Garwood, Sen., one hundred and seventy-five; for Representative to the State legislature, H. H. Roberts received nine hundred and thirty-eight votes, J. P. Dunn, eight hundred and thirty-nine, and Wm. B. Webber, five hundred and fifty. The attention of the whole people was concentrated ou the war; and how well LaPorte county bore her part will be shown in a succeeding chapter. The election of 186-, was a more important one. The Union arms had met with reverses, and a somewhat gloomy feeling per- vaded the minds of the people. When the election came each party stood firmly by its candidates, for the campaign had aroused party feeling intensely. County and State officers, except Governor and Lieutenant Governor. Avere to be elected, and a Representative ia congress. For the latter office Schuyler Colfax and David Turpie were the candidates. They were both fine speakers, as the people of the District liad already learned in the case of Mr. Colfiix ; and it was perhaps the ability of Mr. Turpie in this respect that led the Democrats to nominate him as their candidate. They both can- vassed the District very thoroughly, speaking separately as well as in joint discussions, and the result was a close drawing of party lines. A great many of the young men of the county had enlisted, and were now absent, and Mr. Colfiix had made many speeches in the District urojins: enlistments. Bv these enlistments, the number of votes cast was considerably diminished, the total vote being but four thousand five hundred and sixty-four. On candidates for Secretary of State, the county gave the Republican candidate, Wm. A. Peele, three hundred and sixty-two majority. Colfax's majority was three hundred and fifty-eight in the county. James Bradley and D. T. Phillips, were candidates for Prosecuting attorney, and Phillips received a majority in this county of three hundred and one. John Walton received a majority over Andrew J. Wair for Auditor of four hundred and one. The other Republican county candidates were elected by majorities of from three hundred and fifty to four hundred. L. Eliel was elected Coroner over A. K. Webster; R. H. Rose was elected Treasurer against Thomas Larkin ; E. H. Leaming was elected Surveyor against Mortimer Nye; S. S. Sabin POLITICS. 259 yfiiH elected Commissioner against R. Shaw : and W. W. Higgins and James Forrester were elected Representatives against J. W. Butterfield and John C. Walker. For Prosecutor in common pleas court, William Andrew received a majority of three hundred and sixty-nine over R. L. Farnsworth. In the year 1863, the people of LaPorte county, gave more thought to the war and its prosecution than to any other subject. It filled all hearts and minds, and political questions w^ere sucli as grew out of the great rebellion, and the method the government was pursuing to crush it out and restore the peace and unity of the nation. A county convention of the Republican party was held at the Court House on the 27th day of June, and it expressed the popular feeling in the following resolutions, reported from the com- mittee on resolutions, by Hon. Charles W. Cathcart: '^Mesolved, That the calamities of the present rebellion have been brought upon this nation by the infamous doctrines of nullification and secession, promulgated by Calhoun and denounced by General Jackson in 1832, as incompatible with the unity and integrity, power and glory of the American Republic. Resolved, That the war must go on with the utmost vigor, till the authority of the National Government is re-established, and the old flag floats again securely and triumphantly over every State and Territory of the Union. Resolved^ That in the present exigencies of the Republic, we lay aside personal preferences and prejudices, and henceforth till the war is ended will draw no party line, but the great line between those who sustain the government and those who oppose it — between those who rejoice in the triumph of our arms and those who rejoice in the triumph of the enemy. Resolved, That immortal honor and gratitude are due to our brave and patriotic soldiers in the field, and everlasting shame and disgrace to any citizen or party who withholds it; that, sympathizing with the army and its hardships, and proud of its gallantry, the lovers of the Union will stand by it, and will remember, aid and support those who are disabled, and the families of those who fall fighting for their country. Resolved, That confiding in the Jionesty, patriotism and good sense of the President, we pledge to him our support of his earnest efforts to put down the rebellion. 260 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY Resolved^ That the present Governor, 0. P. Morton, is an honest, able public servant, and that his official conduct deserves and receives the approbation of all loyal people." The convention then proceeded to the nomination of candidates, which resulted in the selection of Stephen P. Mead, as the candi- date for Sherift'; Wm. Copp for Recorder; Abram J. Westervelt for Real Estate Appraiser, and Isaac B. Coplin for Commissioner. The Democratic candidates were, for Sheriff, Wm. Everhart; for Recorder, James Overholtz: for Real Estate Appraiser, Willard A. Place, and for Commissioner, Jesse Coleman. Andrew L. Osborn was candidate for Circuit Judge, but had no opposition. The election resulted in the success of the Republican candidates. Mead's majority was one hundred and seventy; Copp's majority was eighty-six; Westervelt's majority was two hundred and ninety-six; and Coplin's was two hundred and ninet3^-seven. The whole num- ber of votes cast was four thousand four hundred and fifty. Judge Osborn received the entire vote. The campaign of 1864, was one of much earnestness and depth of feeling. Abraham Lincoln was the Republican candidate for re-election to the presidency, and associated with him as candidate for Vice President was Andrew Johnson, the distinguished Unionist of Tennessee. Oliver P. Morton, elected by the Republicans Lieut. Governor in 1860, had become Governor by the election of Henry S. Lane to the United States Senate; and was now the Republican candidate for re-election. Gen. George B. McClellan and Geo. H. Pendleton were the Democratic candidates for President and Vice President; and Joseph E. McDonald for Governor. Colfax and Turpie were again the candidates of their respective parties, for congress, and there was also full State and county tickets. Edwin G. McCollum was the Democratic candidate for Prosecuting attor- ney, circuit court, against Aaron Gurney of Porter. Wm. Andrew was the Republican candidate for Common Pleas Prosecutor against George L. Bittinger. Mulford K. Farrand and John B. Niles were candidates for State Senator, and Lawrence A. Stimpson, and E. Morgan Davis were Democratic candidates for Representatives to the State legislature against W. W. Higgins and John H. Willis. Jacob S. Martin and James H. Shannon were candidates for Clerk ; POLITICS. 261 Ellis Michael and Duraiid C. Alexander for Treasurer; R. (). Cran- dall and Ludwig Eliel for Coroner; J. \V. Learning and E. H. Learning for Surveyor, and Jackson Ilosmer and John P. Cathcart for Commissioner. The Republican candidates at the October election were all siic- successful, and by nearly "uniform majorities, shoAving that in those war times there was very little scratching of tickets. Mor- ton's majority was four hundred and seventy-five, Colfax's majority was four hundred and fift3'-eight, and the majority on county can- didates varied no more than from four hundred and fifty-nine to four hundred and seventy-three. The whole number of votes cast was four thousand nine hundred and sixty-nine, showing that a large number of voters were absent fyom the county. At the Presi- dential election in November the whole number of votes cast was four thousand eight hundred and eleven. Of these the Repub- lican electors received two thousand six hundred and sixty-six, and the Democratic electors two thousand one hundred and forty-five. Jame B. Belford was the Republican elector for the ninth District. Many of the leading men of the county were in the army, and the majority of the families of the county had one or more representa- tives there fighting in the nation's defense. Lnder such circum- stances, war questions formed the politics of the day, and the county newspapers were filled with the doings of the army, with discussions on the manner of conducting the war, on the policy of emancipation, and whether or not the Avar should be fought out to a successful termination, until the last rebel in arms had yielded, or whether peace should be sought through negotiation, and cessation of hostilities :)n the part of the government. The verdict of this county was unmistakably in favor of a vigorous prosecution of the war, until victory, complete and final, should rest with the nation. The election of 1865 did not possess much public or political interest, as there were but three ofiicers to be elected, all of them for county ofiices. Ithamar D. Phelps and Amos Johnson were candidates for Sheriff, and Phelps, Republican was elected by a majority of seven hundred and twenty-eight. Johnson had been a Republican, but on this occasion had accepted a Democratic nomi- nation. Newell Gleason and Herman V. Lans, were candidates for Representative to the State legislature, and Gleason, Republican 262 HLSTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. was elected by a majority of six hundred and nineteen; William O'Hara and George iiall were candidates for County commissioner, and O'Hara, Republican was elected by six hundred and nineteen majority. The whole number of votes was four thousand and forty-three. In 1866, the [issues w^hich divided parties arose from the work of reconstruction of the States lately in rebellion. The elec- tion was an important one, and party spirit once more ran high. State officers except Governor and Judges were to be elected, a member of congress, and county officers. Colfax and Turpie, a third time, were presented against each other by their respective parties as candidates for congi^ess; and they made a very thorough canvass of the District, part of the time in joint discussion. Wm. H. Calkins, then of Porter county, was the Republican candidate for Prosecuting attorney, circuit court, against Edwin G. McCollum. Jasper Packard and Seth Eason were the candidates for County Auditor; Durand C. Alexander and John Druliner were the can- didates for Treasurer ; Ludwig Eliel and Richard 0. Crandall were candidates for Coroner: John P. Cathcart and S. A. A'^an Dusen were candidates for Surveyor; Isaac B. Coplin and James Drum- mond were candidates for Commissioner; James B. Belford and Wm. W. Higgins, Henry H. Walker and A. G. Standiford were candidates for Representatives: Wm. Andrew and George S. Sey- mour were candidates for Prosecuting attorney, court of common pleas. The Republican candidates for county offices were all elected by majorities of from one hundred and seventy-one to three hundred and sixty-five, in a total vote of five thousand six hundred and thirty-five. The average majority of other candidates was three hundred and twenty. The election of 1867, was for four county officers alone. The candidates were as follows : For Representative, Orpheus Everts and Simon Wile; for Sherifi", Ithamar D. Phelps and John M. Clarkson; for Recorder, Henry C. Brown and Charles S. McClung: Commissioner, Reynolds Couden and Jackson Hosmer. The Republican candidates were all successful. Everts by a majority of five hun ired and eighty-six, Phelps by a majority of eight hun- dred and sixty-one. Brown by a majority of six hundred and fifty- POLITICS. 263 three and Couden by a majority of six hundred and fifty-six, in a total vote of three thousand six hundred and eighty-five. The year 1868 brought with it another presidential campaign. The Republican national convention met in Chicago, and nomina- ted the General of the army, Ulysses S. Grant, associating with him on the ticket, as the candidate for Vice President, Schuyler Colfax, who had for so many years represented the ninth District in congress. The nomination of Colfax rendered iiecessary the nomination of a new man for congress. A District nominating convention was held at Westville, and the choice fell on Jasper Packard, then the Auditor of LaPorte county. The Demo- cratic national convention nominated Horatio Seymour and Francis P. Blair, Jr., for President and Vice President; and the District convention of that party met at Wanatah and nominated Mulford K. Farrand as the candidate for congress. Each party had in the field a full State ticket. Conrad Baker, who had become Governor by the election of Oliver P. Morton to the United States Senate,. was the Republican candidate for Governor, and Thomas A. Hen- dricks was the Democratic candidate. The campaign Avas one of great activity. Each party Avas Avell organized, and both had great hopes of success. The issues between the parties were still such as arose from the work of reconstruction, especially as it affected the condition of the colored race so lately manumitted; and others arising out of the proposed taxation of the bonds of the United States and their cancellation with legal tender notes instead of gold. Discussions on these questions took a Avide range, and involved the attitude assumed by each toward the rebellion, during its progress. There were public speeches innumerable; the candi- dates for Governor canvassed the entire State; and in this District the candidates for congress held thirty-three joint discussions, speak- ing much oftener than that singly. When the election came on in October, it Avas found that the Democrats had made large gains in all parts of the State, LaPorte county, in like manner experienc- ing Republican losses. Yet the Board of canvassers having thrown out the vote of DeAvey and Johnson townships, it still gave a Republican majority, the average of Avhich Avas forty eight on the State ticket. The Republican county candidates were all elected 264 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. with two exceptions, and they received majorities ranging from four to forty-five. The Republican candidate for congress received elevyn majority in the county. The candidates, besides those already named, were Daniel Noyes and Elisha Egbert, for Judge of common pleas; Thomas J. Wood and Wm. H. Calkins, for Prose- cuting attorney, circuit court ; for State Senator, James Bradley and LaFayette Crane; for Representative, Simon Wile and James L. Moody ; for Clerk, Charles Spaeth and James H Shannon ; for Real Estate appraiser, Jacob Folant and Edmund S. Gardner; for Treasurer, Truman T. Harris and Mark Allen; for Coroner, Walter R. Godfrey and Louis Eliel; for Surveyor, James E. Bradley and J. P. Cathcart; for commissioner, George Hall and Wm. O'Hara. There were two exceptions to the general Republi- can ma-jorities; Simon Wile was elected Representative by twenty majority, and Truman T. Harris was elected Treasurer by four majority. There were of course, doubts as to the propriety of reject- ing the votes of Dewey and Johnson townships. Including these votes, the county gave a small Democratic majority; but there were many accusations of fraud, and notices of contest were filed by Allen against Harris for the Treasurership, by Thornton against Wile, by Crane against Bradley, by Hall against O'Hara and Shannon against Spaeth. Some of these cases were withdrawn before final decision, one was settled by compromise, Harris died before decision was finally rendered, and except in the case of the Treasurer, all of them remained as at first returned by the Board of canvassers. At the November election which followed, the vote of both parties was inQreased, the Democratic electors receiving two thousand eight hundred and seventy-six votes and the Republican three thousand and sixty-four, making a total vote of five thousand nine hundred and forty, and giving the county to the Republicans by one hundre I and eighty-eight majorit3^ The next general election did not occur until October, 1870, when a full State ticket except Governor and Lieut. Governor, can- didates for congress, and for county officers were to be voted for. At this election Andrew L. Osborn was one of the candidates for Judge of the Supreme court, Jasper Packard was candidate for congress against Samuel I. Anthony, Democrat, of Valparaiso : POLITICS. 265 J. Bradley was the Dei aocratic candidate for Circuit Judge against Thomas S. Stanfield; Win. Schoeneman and Simon Wile were the opposing candidates for Representative in the State legislature, and the other candidates were, for Sheriff, Daniel L. Brown and Amenzo Mann; for Auditor, Harvey R. Harris and Charles Spaeth; for Treasurer, Mark Allen and Edmund S. Organ; for Recorder. Henry C. Brown and Francis Hobart; for Commissioner first district, Enos Weed and Eugene W. Davis; for Commissioner second district, John Sutherland and Andrew J. Rogers; for Com- missioner third district, Simon P. Kern and John M. Clarkson; for Coroner, Louis Eliel and Bowen C. Bowell; for Surveyor, John P. Catchcart and James E. Bradley. The total vote cast was five thousand three hundred and twenty-six, and every Republican can- didate received a majority. The average Republican majority on the State ticket was two hundred and twenty-eight; the Republi- can candidate for congress received two hundred and fift}^ majority, and the majority on county candidates was trom one hundred and twenty-eight to four hundred and eighty four. The next general election was held on the 8th day of October, 1872. Candidates for all the State offices except Judges of the Supreme court, for Judge of the court of common pleas, for Prose- cuting attorney of both courts, for State Senator, for two Congress- men-at-large, for Representative in congress for the eleventh District, for Representative in the State legislature and joint Representative, and for all the county offices were to be voted for. The whole number of votes cast in the county was six thousand one hundred and seventy-two, the largest ever polled, and the Democrats were completely successful, the aver- age Democratic majority being one hundred and fifty. On the candidates for Governor, the vote was, f-jr Thomas M. Browne, two thousand nine hundred and ninety-eight, for Thomas A. Hendricks, three thousand one hundred and seventy-three ; on the candidates for Representative in congress the vote was, for Jasper Packard, three thousand and five, for John A. Henricks, three thousand one hundred and forty -five ; for Judge of common pleas court, the vote was, for Edward J. Wood, two thousand nine hundred and thirty-six, and Daniel Noyes, three thousand two 266 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. hundred and forty-three: for State Senator the vote was, Mason Gr, Sherman, two thousand nine hundred and sixty-eight, and John H. Winterbotham, three thousand one hundred and seventy-nine ; for Representative in the State legislature, the vote was, Sidney S. Sabin, three thousand, George H. Teeter, three thousand one hun- dred and sixty-six; for Clerk, the vote was, Henry C. Shannon, two thousand nine hundred and seventy-eight, and Sharles Spaeth, three thousand one hundred and sixty ; for Sheriff, the vote was, as reported, Daniel L. Brown, three thousand and fifty-four, and DeWitt C. McCollum, three thousand and sixty; for Treasurer, John T. Sanders received three thousand and nine votes and George W. Mecum, three thousand one hundred and fifty-one; for Real Estate appraiser, Edmund S. Gardner received two thousand nine hundred and seventy-one votes and Jacob Folant three thou- sand one hundred and seventy; for Coroner, Ludwig Eliel received two thousand nine hundred and ninety votes and Wm. F. Standi- ford three thousand one hundred and sixty-three; for Surveyor, John P. Cathcart received two thousand nine hundred and seventy- nine votes and Daniel Kennedy three thousand one hundred and forty-five ; for Commissioner first District, Enos Weed received two thousand nine hundred and ninety-six votes and Benajah S. Fail three thousand one hundred and ninety-one; for Commissioner second District, Aaron Foster received two thousand nine hundred and twenty-five votes and Charles Wills three thousand two hundred and thirty-six; for Commissioner third District, Jacob Thornburg received two thousand nine hundred aud ninety-six votes and Hazard M. Hopkins three thousand one hundred and thirty -three. Daniel L. Brown contested the election on tlie candidates for Sheriff and upon final adjudication was declared entitled to the office, a sufficient number of errors having been discovered to give him a majority of all the votes cast. The movement known as the Liberal Republican had this year a large influence politically, having virtually dictated the Democratic nomination for the Presidency, and tne platform of principles on which the campaign against the Republican party was conducted. But in the vote the power of the Liberal Republicans was felt chiefly at the October election. At the November election the POLITICS. 267 defections among Democrats were so numerous as to more than counterbalance the votes of the Liberal Republicans. The latter, in May, had nominated Horace Greeley and B. Gratz Brown as their candidate for President and Vice President ; and when, later, the Democracy met in national convention, they adopted the nomina- tions and the platform of the Liberals. The Republicans re-nomina- ted President Grant, and associated with him Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts as a candidate for Vice President. It is the exact truth to say that neither the ticket nor the platform furnished to the Democracy by the Liberal Republicans was at all such a ticket or platform as that party would have chosen for itself, had it pur- sued an entirely independent course. The disaffection was so great that a third ticket was nominated, at the head of which was Charles O'Connor, the distinguished lawyer, of New York. This third ticket had very little strength in this county, or in the State, the disaffection among Democrats taking the form at the Presidential election of a refusal to vote at all. This is shoAvn by the fact that the vote in LaPorte county for the Democratic electors in November, was three hundred and ninety less than for Hendricks in October. Wm. W. Higgins of this count}^ was the elector on the Liberal Democratic ticket for the eleventh District. This ticket received in this county two thousand seven hundred and eighty- three votes; the Republican electors received two thousand nine hundred and three votes and the O'Connor electors seventeen votes. A special election was held in October, 1873, for Prosecuting attorney to fill a vacancy occasioned by the reorganization of the courts uf the State. The candidates were James A. Crawle}^ and William E. Pinney of LaPorte, and George Ford of South Bend. Ford received one hundred and thirteen votes, Pinney two hundred and twenty-five, and Crawley one thousand one hundred and eighty. The election of 1874 was for State, county and township officers, and Representative in congress. There were three tickets in the field, Democratic, Republican and Independent, and the Democrats carried everything by very large majorities, except F. Nebelthau for Trustee of Centre township, and Julius P. Linard for Constable. At the head of the State ticket were Wm. W. Curry, Republican, John E. Neff, Democrat, and Isaac C. Stout, Independent: and the 268 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUXTY. vote stood, for Curry, two thousand three hundred and twenty-four. for Neff, three thousand two hundred and thirty -one and for Stout two hundred and thirty-four. The candidates for congress, were William H. Calkins, Republican, and Wm. S. Raymond, Democrat, no Independent running for Congress in this District; and the vote of this county was, for Raymond, three thousand two hundred and nine, and for Calkins two thousand four hundred and seventy-five. Andrew L. Osborn was a candidate for Jud-ie of the Supreme court, and received two thousand five hundred and seventy votes, the largest given for any Republican candidate on the State ticket. For Prosecuting attorney, the candidates were James A Crawley, Republican, and George Ford, Democrat, no Independent candidate running. The vote of the county was for Crawley, two thousand three hundred and thirty-eigjit, and for Ford, three thousand two hundred and thirty-one. Each party had its candidate for Repre- sentative to the State legislature. They were Edward Evans, Democrat, Sidney S. Sabin and Amos Thorp. Evans received three thousand two hundred and sixteen votes, Sabin two thousand two hundred and seventy-eight, and Thorp two hundred and sixty- three. For the other county officers, the candidates and their votes were as follows : FOR SHERIFF. Edward Hawkins, Democrat, ...... 2996 Ithamar D. Phelps, Republican, ..... 2847 John N. Fail, Independent, ...... 367 FOR AUDITOR. Edward J. Church, Democrat, ...... 3123 John D. Stewart, Republican, ..... 2378 John R. Stewart, Independent, ..... 247 FOR TREASUKEPt. George W. Mecum, Democrat, . . . . . 3328 Charles S. Winship, Republican, . . . . . 2059 John D. Hoover, Independent, ..... 339 FOR RECORDER. John H. Organ, Democrat, ...... 3223 Wm. P. Yarger, Republican 2252 Ambrose P. White, Independent, ..... 284 POLITICS. 269 FOll COKONEK. Darwin T. Rrown, Democrat, ...... 3242 George J. Bentley, Republican, . . . . . 2320 FOR COUNTY SURVEYOR. Hiram Burner, Democrat, ...... 3196 John P. Cathcart, Republican, ..... 2581 FOR COUNTY ASSESSOR. Jacob Folant, Democrat, ...... 3276 Joseph IT. Francis, Republican, ..... 2242 Wm. E. Creighton, Independent, ..... 327 FOR C03IMISSIONER. Charles Wills, Democrat, ...... 3218 Benajah Stanton, Republican, ..... 2068 George Mill, Independent, ...... 243 This closes the review of the political history of LaPorte county, except to supply the omission of the year 1839, in which year, there was cast a total vote of one thousand two hundred and forty-six, and the Whigs were successful by an average majority of one hun- dred and twenty, Great pains have been taken to make the record as complete as possible, and it closes with the following recapitula- tion of the total number of votes cast at each election since the organization of the county: 1832 April 1832 August 1832 November 1833 August 1834 1835 1836 1836 November 1837 August 1838 1839 1840 1840 November 1841 August 1842 " 1843 1844 Election, * o5 Votes. 77 115 478 775 935 942 941 1094 1246 1782 1709 1248 1693 1592 1730 270 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. 1844 November Election, 1845 August i(. 1846 a 1847 • " a 1848 a 1848 November a 1849 August a 1850 a 1851 a 1852 October a 1852 November a 1853 October a 1854 a 1855 " a 1856 a 1856 November a 1857 October a 1858 a 1859 a 1860 a 1860 November a 1861 October u 1862 a 1863 a 1864 a 1864 November a 1865 October a 1866 a 1867 a 1868 a 1868 November a 1870 October a 1872 a 1872 November a 1873 October Special 1874 '^ Election 1893 Votes. 1756 a 1873 a 1910 a 2011 a 2136 a 2061 a 1920 a 2139 a 2588 u 2961 a 1629 a 3128 a 1900 a 4563 a 4819 a 2999 a 5026 a 2835 a 5015 u 5074 a 2869 u 4564 a 4450 a 4969 u 4811 a 4043 u 5635 ii. 3685 u 5760 u 5940 a 5326 a 6172 a 5703 u 1548 u 5789 a FIRST ELECTIONS. 271 CHAPTER XVIII. FIRST ELECTIONS. It will not be uninteresting to preserve here the record com- plete, of some of the first elections ever held in the county ; the names of those who voted then will be familiar to many still living, and their appearance will serve to revive many pleasant recollec- tions of the days gone by. The following is the notice issued by the acting Sheriff of the county, calling the first election and appointing it to be held on the second Monday in April, 1832 : ''Notice is hereby given to the qualified voters of LaPorte county, Indiana; That by virtue of a late act of the legislature, laying off said county, and also a commission to me directed as Sheriff j>ro tem^ as well as that of a writ of election from his excel- lency, N. Noble, Governor of the State of Indiana, commanding me as Sheriff of said county, to hold an election at such place or places, as I may appoint in said county, on the second Monday in April next, giving ten days notice thereof. Therefore be it known that an election will be held at the house of Nathan B. Nichols, and also at the house of Arba Heald in said county on the second Mon- day in April next, for the purpose of electing two Associate Judges, one Clerk of the circuit court, a Recorder for the county and three County commissioners. Said election is to be held and conducted as general elections are, and the return of said election will be made to me at the house of Jacob Miller, on the Wednesday succeeding said election. The west half of Range one, west of the second principal meridian and all of Range two, will constitute one District, and the election is to be held at the said house of Nichols ; and Ranges three and four west, will form the second District, and the election will be held at A. Heald's at the Door prairie. Given under my hand this 29th day of March, A. D. 1832. Benjamin McCarty. Appointed Sheriff." 272 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Under and in pursuance of this notice, elections were held at the two designated places in the county, the records of which are as follows : •'At an election begun and held at the house of Arba Heel [Arba Heald is intended,] in the county of LaPorte, and State of Indiana, on the"9th day of April, 1832, for the purpose of electing two Associate Judges, a Clerk of the circuit court, a Recorder for said county and three County commissioners, being one of the election districts appointed by the Sheriif of said county by virtue of law, at which time and place the following number and named persons voted: William Morgan, Jesse Morgan, Elisha Newel, Alden - Tucker, Adam Keith, John Welsh, Jonathan Morgan, Stephen Brayton, Horace Markham, Wm. Phillips, Joseph P. Osborn, John White, William Thrall, Daniel Jessup, Isaac Morgan, Charles West, John Barnet, John Whitaker, Judah Leaming, Joseph Osborn, Elijah H. Brown, Wm. Garwood, Lewis Shirley, James Huckins and Henly Clyburn." The returns are signed by James Hutchins and Judah Leaming, clerks. "At an election begun and held at the house of Nathan B. Nichols in the county of LaPorte and State of Indiana, on the 9th day of April, 1832, for the purpose of electing two Associate Judges, a Clerk of the circuit court, a Recorder for said county and three County commissioners, being one of the election Districts appointed by the Sheriff of said county by virtue of law, at which time and place the following number and named persons voted : Charles Egbert, Lyman Bobbins, Joseph Bay, Wm. H. McCarty, Asa M. Warren, Nathan B. Nichols, Jesse N. West, George W. Barnes, Arthur^Irwin, Levi Brown, James Highley, John Wills, Peter Low, John Garrard, Ezekiel Provolt, Alfred Stanton, Wm. Clark, Elijah Stanton, Philip Fail, Amos Stanton, John Stanton, George Thomas, Joseph Lykins, Aaron Stanton, Wm. F. Stanton, Michael Billings, Richard Harris, Aurea Sperry, Jacob Miller and Chapel W. Brown." The returns^^are signed ])y Jacob Miller, Alfred Stanton and John Wills, clerks. POLITICS. :i J 6 After which the following return was made : " At an election held pursuant to a writ of election directed to> me, as Sheriff of La Porte County, Indiana, on the ninth day of April, 1832. It appears from the returns of said election made to* me at the house of Jacob Miller, the proper place as appointed by me, and on the day recognized by law and within the proper hours: - Jacob Miller for Associate Judge, received forty-two votes : Judali Leaming, twenty-three votes; Daniel Jessup, twenty-three; Elisha Newel, eight; Elijah H. Brown for County Commissioner, received forty -two votes; Chapel W. Brown, twenty-nine; Aaron Stanton, twenty-nine ; Isaac Morgan, thirty-five ; John Wills, four ; Joseph Lykins, fifteen votes. For Clerk and Recorder, George Thomas received forty-one votes; and for Clerk, Jesse Morgan received twelve votes, and for Kecorder he received thirteen votes ; Judah Leaming and Daniel Jessup having an equal number of votes for Judge, and casting lots the lot went in favor of Leam- ing. Chapel W. Brown and Aaron Stanton having an equal num- ber of votes for County Commissioner, lots being cast the lot went in favor of Brown. Such appears from the certificates of election as returned. Therefore Jacob Miller and Judah Leaming are- elected associate Judges for said County of LaPorte. Elijah H. Brown, Isaac Morgan and C. W. Brown are elected Commissioners for said County, and George Thomas is elected Clerk and Recorder." Other elections were held in 1832, as follows : SCIPIO TOWNSHIP. On the sixteenth day of June, an election was held for the first Justice of the Peace in Scipio Township. The following were the votes cast : A. P. Andrew, Judah Leaming, Joseph Osborn, Ben- jamin McCfirty, Christopher M. McClure, Ira Richardson. EHjah H. Brown, James Hutchins, Wm. M. Cort, Benjamin Dewitt,. John Mann, Wm. Powers, I. M. Wilson, Jacob Coleman, Arthur McClure, Samuel Hardiston, Absalom Rambo, Stephen Brayton, Richard Harris, John Stanton, Arba Heald. Arthur McClure re- ceived sixteen votes and was declared elected Justice of the Peace. Absalom Rambo received three votes. The returns were signed by James Hutchins, Joseph Osborn and Elijah H. Brown, Judges,, and Judah Leaming and Wm. Gibson, Clerks. l8 274 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. NEW DURHAM TOWNSHIP. Tue following is the first record of an election in Xew Durham township, after the County was organized : "Poll book of an election begun and held at the house of Elisha Newell, on the sixteenth day of June, 1832, The following per- sons voted in the following order for Justice of the Peace for New Durham Township, La Porte County, Indiana: Alden Tucker, Peter Lowe, Chas. West, John W. Cole, John Barnett, Wm. Thrall, William Garwood, Isaac Morgan, Jonathan Morgan, Joseph Orr, Nathaniel Steel, William Morgan, Daniel Jessup, Henly Clyburn, Elisha Newell. We the undersigned judges of the above election do certify the •above to bo a true poll book of the above election. Elisha Newhall, ) Daniel Jessup, > Judges. Henly Clyburn, j J. Barnett, ( .,, , T iir /-I y Clerks. John W. Cole, J Not on the face, but as filing to the above returns there is the simple announcement: "E. Newhall elected," signed by G. Thom- as, C. L. C. C ' We are left in ignorance as to whether Mr. Newhall had a competitor, or how many votes he received.'' KANKAKEE TOWNSHIP. The first general election in Kankakee Township of which there is any return on file is the one held on the sixth day of August, 1832, when the candidates voted for were, for State Senator, Sam- uel Hanna, Pleasant Harris and Jeremiah Smith ; for Representa- tive. Elisha E;rbert, Georo^e Crawford, and Wm. Bissell; for Sheriff, Nathan B. Nichols, and Adam G. Polke ; for Coroner, John Gar- rard; for School Commissioner, Wm. Clark; for Probate Judge, Benj. McCarty and Jesse Morgan ; for Justice of the Peace, Ezekiel Provolt. The names of the voters at this election are James High- iey, E. A. Brown, Judah Beaming, H. F. Janes, John Garrard, John Wilh, Andrew Shaw, James McCormick, Charles Egbert, A'^a M. Warren, Joseph Lykins, Joseph Bay, Jesse Willets, Lyman Robbius, Sam.iel Webster,. Gaorge W. Barnes, Jacob Miller, Alex- ander Blackburn, Aurea Sp-arry,. Ezekiel Provolt, Levi Brown, POLITICS. 275 Wm. Clark, Noble MoKinstry, Chapsl W. Brown, Jesse N. West, Martin Biker, N. B. Nichols, Michael Billings, Amos Stanton. At this election, John Wills was inspector, Ezekiel Provolt and H. F. Janes were Clerks, and Lyman Bobbins and C. W. Brown, J adobes. The first election held in Michigan Township occurred on the twenty-eighth day of September, 1833, at which twenty votes were cast for Justice of the Peace. The names of the voters are as follows: "Elijah Casteel, Willis Hughes, James Laughlin, George dinger, Joseph C. Orr, James Knaggs, I. C. Elston, Wm. Conant, J. Bar- tholomew, Amos Dyer, Squire Clark, Eliakim Ashton, Samuel Masterson, Peter Bitter, Silas Gregory, B. Sims, James Waddle, Gilbert Baldwin, Caleb Nichols, Samuel Olinger. Of these votes James M. Scott received eight, and Samuel Olinger, twelve. The election was held at the house of Joseph C. Orr, who was the In- spector; and James Laughlin and Willis Hughes were Judges." SPRINGFIELD. •■At an election held on Monday, the sixth day of April, 1835,. at the house of Judah Beaming in Springfield township, in LaPorte County, Indiana, for the purpose of electing one Justice of the Peace, one Constable, one or more Supervisors of roads, two Over- seers- of the poor, two fence viewers, and one inspector^of elections, where the legal votes given stand thus : Erastus Quivy, David S. Murray, llobert Wilkinson, Levi Young, Geo. Sanford, John Griffith, Judah Leaming, Orrin Lewis, Harvey Leaming, John Brown, John Wilbur, Timothy Fosdick, x\sa i'ease, Samuel J. Havens, Alfred Stanton, William Cormack, Jo- seph W. Foster. State of Indiana, La Porte, Co., We the undersigned, Inspectors and Judges of the within named election do certify that Joseph W. Foster, received fourteen votes for Justice of the Peace, and Harvey Leaming received twelve votes for Constable; David T. Murray, fourteen votes for [Supervisor; Orrin Lewis, twelve; Hiram Griffith, eleven; Erastus Quivy, four; Alfred Stanton, three: and John Smith one vote for Supervisor. 276 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. For Overseer of poor, Judah Learning, eleven votes ; Jolm Enos, ten; John Griffith, six ; Wm. Cormack, two. Fence Alewers, Wm. Cor- mack, thirteen votes; Erastus Quivy, nine; Hiram Griffith, four; John Enos, one vote. For Inspector, Judah Learning, fourteen votes ; Timothy Fosdick, five votes for Constable. Given under our hands and seals this sixth day of April. ISTo. Judah Leaming, Inspector, John Griffith, David S. Murray. Wm. Earmakk, ) pip,,v„5, Orrin Lewis, }^leiks NOBLE. The first election held in Noble Township took place on the fourth day of April, 1836. There were to be chosen two Justices of the Peace, one Inspector of elections, two Constables, two Fence A^iew- ers, two Overseers of the poor, and tour Supervisors of highways. The following is the poll list in the order in which the votes were cast: "John Pool, Arthur McClure, John S. Decker, Ward Blake, Abraham Charles, Martin Houseman, Edward Kennedy, Calvin 'Worrell, T. H. Wells, Horace Wood, Wright Loving, Edward O'Hara, Joseph Sterrett, Amos G. Webster, Silas Loving, John McLane, Samuel O'Hara, Timothy C. Everett, Wm. Callison, John Harding, Michael O'Hara, Samuel Sample, Ira Birch, Rich- ard Worrell, Joseph Wheaton, Burton Sweringen, Nimrod Phillips, David Powers, Thomas Burch, Calvin Burch, Admiral Burch, Samuel Higley, John Pratt, John F. Allison, John Marford, John Underwood." The elections resulted in the selection of the following township officers : Justices, John F. Allison, Josiah Grover , Inspector of Elections, Arthur McClure; Constables, John Pratt, Rezin Everts; Fence Viewers, John Pool, Horace Wood; Overseers of the Poor, Ad- miral Burch, Joseph Wheaton; Supervisors of Highways, David Powers, John Underwood, Joseph Sterrett." CLINTON. '• The first election held in Clinton Township was on the fourth POLITICS. 277 day of April, 1836, at the house of Charles Eaton. The officers to be elected were two Justices of the Peace, one Inspector of elections, two Constables, two Fence Viewers, two Overseers of the Poor, and one Supervisor of Highways. Twenty-six votes were cast by the following named persons in the order in which they are given: John Warnock, Daniel Robertson, Isham Campbell, John Eaton, James Tuley, John Bailey, Jeremiah Sherwood, Wm. 0. Vicory, Jno. Harris, Jonathan Glimps, Jonathan Sherwood, Simpson Ray, David Ray. Peter Tuley, Joseph Morrison, Thomas Robinson, James Haskell, Ira Richardson, John Moorman, Jacob Iseminger, Archibald Moorman, Ransom Maddy, Francis Morrison, Joseph Osborn, Thomas B. Patterson, Benjamin T. Bryant, Hezekiah Robertson, Worcester B. Heath, Charles Eaton, Abram Eahart, Lykins Richardson, Nathaniel Steele, Jonathan Middleton, Marsena Clark, Jonathan Osman, and Aaron Wills." The following Avere the successful candidates : "Justices, Charles Eaton, John AYarnock; Inspector, Charles Eaton ; Constables, Joseph Osborn, James Haskell ; Fence Viewers, Thomas Robertson. Hezekiah Robertson ; Overseers of the Poor, Jeremiah Sherwood, Wm. Ray; Supervisor of Highways. Daniel Robertson." HUDSON. Hudson tow^nship was organized in May, 1836, and an election was held on the eighteenth day of the following June. The fol- lowing is the record: •'At an election held on the eighteenth day of June, 1836, at the house of J. F. Smith, in Hudson Township, La Porte County, and State of Indiana, for the purpose of electing one Justice of the l*eace for Hudson Township, where the legal votes stood thus : Daniel Cross, David Shay, Nathaniel Maynes, Enos Lewis, Elijah Phye, Jonathan Edwards, Royal Cuthbert, J. D. Ross, Joseph W. Lykins, Robert Davis, Benjamin Hicks, Benjamin H. Howell, John McCormick, Nelson Moody, John Caldwell, John McLaine, John S. Baker, Samuel N. Vance, Samuel Turner, Joseph Bay, Gabrielle Druilliner, A. L. Wheeler, Joseph Sisney. James M. Hepner, James Hatfield." On the next page is the following: 278 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. "Tally paper for an election held on the eighteenth day of Jurie^ 1836, at the house of J. F. Smith, in Hudson Township, LaPorfce County, Indiana, for the purpose of electing a Justice of the Peace, where the legal votes given stand thus : J. F. Smith, thirteen votes; Charles Egbert, twelve votes. State of Indiana, LaPopwTE County. We, the undersigned judges of the foregoing election, do Certify that James Smith received thirteen votes for the of the Justice of the Peace, and Chas. Egbert received twelve votes for the same office. Given under our hands and seals the eighteenth of June. 18^'o. John D. Ross, Inspector. Benjamin Hicks, \ T„,i^p. Joseph W. Lykins, J-J^i'^g*^^' Walter Livingston, ) p^, „ J. W, Collins, j-Cleiks. POLITICS OF THE CITY OF LA PORTE. 279 CHAPTER XIX. POLITICS OF THE CITY OF LA PORTE. The incorporation of LaPorte as a village or town took place in the year 1835, and the following are the records appertaining thereto : On the fourth day of November, 1835, the Board of County Commissioners passed the following order: ''Ordered that in pur- suance of the statute, and the petition of the citizens of the town of La Porte for the incorporating of said town, this day legally pre- sented, comprising in the opinion of the Board, two-thirds of the whole number of legal voters in said town, an election be held at the usual place of holding elections in said town, on Saturday the fourteenth day of November, inst. for the purpose of electing trustees of said incorporation." This is afterwards followed on the record by the following certiti- cate of the election of corporation Trustees: "State of Indiana, La Porte County. We the undersigned, President and Clerk of an election held at the house of Robert S. Morrison in the town of La Porte, in the County of La Porte, and State of Indiana, for the purpose of elect- ing Trustees for the several wards or districts in the incorporation of the town of La Porte, do certify that, (after we were appointed President and Clerk of and for said election, agreeable to the statute in such case made and provided.) Amzi Clark was duly elected Trustee for District No. 1 ; Jonathan M. Hacker for District No. 2 ; William Clement, District No. 3 ; Hiram Wheeler, District No. 4 ; and Jacob Haas, District No. 5 ; in the town of La Porte aforesaid : Given under our hands and seals this fourteenth day of Novem- ber, A. D., 1835. Wm. Dinwiddie, President, ss. Wm. Allen, Clerk, ss." :280 HISTORY OF LA PORT?: COUNTY. The incorporation took place under Whig auspices, and the Board of Trustees remained of this party during most of Jthe years that intervened between this time and the date when the town became a city. In the year 1852 a city charter was granted, the place having then a population of about 5,000, and in August of that year a charter election was held which resulted in the election of Wm. J. Walker, first Mayor of La Porte. This was a victory for the Whig party, and that party or its successor, controlled the administration of the city until 1856, Wm. Millikan being elected Mayor in 1855. But in May, 1856, the Democrats succeeded at the municipal election, and Benjamin Kress was elected. The next year the Democrats were again successful, electing Frederic McCollum Mayor, and Benjamin Kress the City Judge. Prior to this time, the Republican party here, as elsewhere, had acquired great strength. Most of the former Whigs and many Democrats now gave it their support, and at the city election in May, 1859, Wm. H. H. Whitehead was elected Mayor: Asa A. Whitehead. Marshall, and the candidates for the other citv officers were successful. A majority of the City Council was also' Repub- lican. The next election occurred in May, 1861, and resulted in the general success of the Democratic ticket, Daniel Noyes being elected Mayor, though Asa A. Whitehead, was re-elected Marshal, and a majority of the City Council remained Republican. On taking his seat Mayor Noyes made the following address : ^'Gentlemen of the Commq]!^ Council: In entering upon the duties of the office of Mayor — although it may be somewhat of an innovation upon Avhat has been the custom of my predecessors — I deem it not inappropriate to submit to you some suggestions in writing, forshadowing at least my own views in regard to our future policy. We come into office untrammeled by party ties — being the representatives of no party organization, we have no partisan friends to reward or political foes to punish. Never since the orojanization of our Citv Government has there been a more favorable opportunity than the present for the inaugu- ration of that policy which shall redound to our common good, and bring about us those blessings which are the result of united and harmonious action. POLITICS OF THE CITY OF LA PORTE. 281 The oaths which we have severally taken, require of us as our paramount duty, first : That we support and preserve inviolate the Constitution of our common country — next to that the Constitution of our State, and that last, though not least, we faithfully and honestly discharge the duties assigned us in our several capacities. For the accomplishment of those purposes let mutual forbearance and respect be mingled with all our deliberations — exercising to- wards each other that measure of kindness and good will which should always pervade those to whom are confided a common trust, and who are seeking the perfection of a common cause. The present deplorable and distracted condition of our National and State affairs — the unfiivorable progress of the present season — the distress in financial circles — the universal paralysis of all busi- ness pursuits, all appeal to us in accents which we cannot disregard, that our expenditures should be attended with prudence and econo- my. By this it is not intended to recommend a niggardly parsi- mony unbecoming an enlightened public policy, but rather that we check that reckless spirit of extravagance which is a continued drain' upon our Treasury, merely that it may appear that we are doing something. iJur streets, with a few exceptions, are in very fair repair; and it is far better in my judgment to suffer what inconvenience must arise from them, in the situation in which they might be left after a judi- cious expenditure of the road fund, and perhaps a small outlay besides, than at the present crisis to burden our citizens with a heavy tax. and that, too, injudiciously expended. South Main and Monroe streets, undoubtedly need repairs, and possibly many others may; but I cannot dismiss this branch of the subject with- out enjoining upon the Street Committee that they see to it them- selves — that the right thing be done in the right place, and that it be done in such a manner as to be of lasting benefit to our city. It is of no benefit to our streets that a large force may be concen- trated upon them merely for the purpose of removing the earth from one locality to another, rendering them impassable for a time, or working them day after day without system, order or object; but let the most feasible plan for the accomplishment of the necessary repairs be first well matured by the committee in charge — let them 282 HISTORY OF LA TORTE COUNTY. superintend the work themselves — know that the services are ren- dered, and certify to the bills themselves. If it be objected to this suggestion that it takes too much of the time of the committee, and is too great a tax upon them, I answer the objection by recommend- ing that they be reasonably compensated for all their time devoted to such service. It is highly probable also, that repairs to some extent, and of a substantial nature, will be required upon the public sewer. The im- portance of preserving this in substantial repair, and successful operation, must be evident to every one; but as that is within the jurisdiction of the Street Committee further comment upon it 3,t this time is unnecessary. I recommend to the favorable consideration of the Council xs complete an organization and continuance of the Fire Brigade of the City as the circumstances of the case will admit. The import- ance of this subject must also be so apparent to every reflecting mind that it can scarcely need more to engage the attention of •the Council, than barely to be brought to their recollection. I also recommend to the immediate attention of the Council that some disposition of the property formerly purchased as a pest house site, and also of the City jail, be made for the purpose of liquida- ting the present indebtedness of the City, or that the proceeds be devoted to the repairs of the sewer or some other purpose which will be of permanent benefit to the City. The City has a contract with the county of La Porte by which she has the use of the county pest house guaranteed to her free of charge, and I am unable to see any good or sufficient reason why the lots which the City long ago purchased for that purpose, and are now of no use or practical utility to her, should not be disposed of and the proceeds be devoted to some useful purpose. I also recommend that the Council seriously consider the propriety of selling the City Jail building, and also of entering into a contract, if necessary, with the County Commissioners, for the use of the County Jail in all such cases as may be required for City purposes. It is also in my opinion of great importance to the interest of the City, that the Council require that all the books and papers of the City, of whatever department, be kept strictly within the Coun- POLITICS UF THK Cil'Y 01 LA POKTE. 28-3 cil room, and not be removed therefrom for any purpose like the accommodation of the officers of the several departments, or in fact, unless it be to obey some order of court. There can be no reason for removing any of the books or papers, unless it be merely to accommodate the officers, and the Council furnish convenient and suitable places for the transaction of all business — a receptacle for the preservation of their papers — and where their business is done is the proper place to keep the conveniences and necessaries for doing it. Any other system will certainly entail upon us the loss of important papers, furnish an excuse for the non-performance of duty, by the simple act of removing the books and papers necessary to the discharge of such duty, and in all probability become the source of great and irreparable injury to the interests of the City. As there are no regulations of the Council at present touching this matter I hope it will engage their attention without delay. I also desire to remind the Council of the necessity of requiring proiiipt and energetic action from officers and committees, that un- finished business may not accumulate upon our hands. Other matters of equal importance with those already enumera- ted, but which time is not given me now to mention, will be here* after made the subject of further communication. Daniel Xoyes, Mayor. May 18, 1861.' In May, 1863, the Republicans carried the city, electing all the city officers and a miijority of the council. The officers elected were as follows : Mayor, Wm. H. H. Whitehead; Treasurer, Thomas H. Phillips : Marshal, John Thompson, Jr. ; Clerk, Richard G. Ran- dall. The city government was again reversed in 1865. At the city election in May. Daniel Noyes was elected Mayor: Simon Wile, Treasurer; John Hinsey, Marshal; Wm. Whitman, Clerk, and J. H. Merrill, Assessor, by a majority varying from seventy- six to one hundred and tw^enty-six. At the election in May, 1867, Daniel Noyes was re-elected Mayor, and the city government con- tinued Democratic. Simon Wile was re-elected as Treasurer ; Thomas S. Cogley was elected Clerk; Andrew Saylor, Marshal, and Levi Ely, Assessor. This was an active' and spirited contest. Morgan H. Weir was the Republican candidate for Mayor, and 284 HISTORY OF LA PORTE <;OU?s^TY. the voters on both sides were thoroughly aroused. The victory re- mained Avith the Democrats, their candidates receiving majorities ranging from eighty to one hundred and sixty. The council in- cluding those holding over, consisted of the following citizens. Holding over — Charles Fravel, Geo. W. Mecum, H. Treusdell, Reuben Munday, and Jacob Wile. Members elect — Davidson Patton, C. Hausher, Fred. Steigley, H. Druliner. H. Hausher. In the third and fourth wards, H. H. Benton and Hart L. Weaver contested the seats of Steigley and Druliner. having received an actual majority of the votes cast, but they never obtained the seats. At the election of May, 1869, a portion of each ticket was suc- cessful. For City Marshal, Andrew Baylor, Democrat, was re- elected by seventy-four majority ; Levi Ely for Assessor, by thirteen majority; Dr. L. C. Rose was elected Mayor; Charles Peglow, Treasurer, and Nathaniel S. Paul, Clerk — all Republicans. Rose's majority was twenty-seven; Peglow's forty-three; Paul's twenty- three. The Democrats retained their majority in the council, electing their candidates as follows: from second ward, George W. Mecum: from fourth ward, Albert Ribbe and H. Peters; from fifth ward, D. Soutter. The Republicans elected Gavin Campbell in the first ward, and A. H. Robinson in the third ward, which together with those who held over, caused the council to consist of seven Demo- crats and three Republicans. At the city election in May, 1871, the Democratic candidates were, ior Mayor, Simon Wile ; for Treasurer, Herman Hausheer ; for Clerk, John H. Organ; for Marshal, John H. Ball; for Asses- sor, George Cochrane; and the Republican candidates were, for Mayor, Dr. Landon C. Rose, for a second term ; for Treasurer. Charles Peglow; for Clerk, N. S. Paul: for Marshal Oscar Mott ; for Assessor, James Breen. The result of the election was such that neither party could claim a victory, a portion of the candidates on each ticket being elected. The sontest was a very spirited one, both parties laboring for success with the greatest energy. The candidates were active, and the voters were generally aroused, and at the polls on the day of election : and though party spirit was considerably excited, yet it was, more than anything else the personal strength of the various candidates that affected the result. Rose was POLITIC?^ OF THE CITY OF LA PORTE. 285 elected Mayor by a majority of 18; Jas. Breen was elected Assessor, by a majority of thirty-seven. The largest Republican majority was given for N. S. Paul, he having received 764 votes to five hundred and ninety-six, for the opposing candidate. Of the candi- dates on the Democratic ticket John H. Ball was elected Marshal, by a majority of fifty-six, and H. Hausheerwas elected Treasurer by four majority. Councilmen were elected as follows: first ward, D. D. Deffenbach, Bepublican ; second ward, Washington Wilson, Republican; third ward, Reuben Munday, Republican: fourth ward, Edwin G. McCollum, Democrat ; fifth ward, C. Cook, Dem- ocrat. This result made the council a tie, as in the previous year at the ward elections, two Republicans, Samuel B. Collins and Robert S. Morrison, and three Democrats, S. S. Baker, Albert Ribbe and W. W. Finley, were elected councilmen. Thus one of the most hotly contested election campaigns in which La Porte ever engaged, resulted in as nearly a tie all around as w^as possible, though the balance was somewhat in favor of the Republicans. Passing over, as heretofore, the intermediate election, which was for councilmen alone, the city voting by wards, the next election to engage attention is that of 1873, when a full city ticket was again to be elected. The two were promptly in the field with their candi- dates, and every inch of ground was carefully canvassed. The candidates were, for Mayor, Mortimer Nye, and Capt. Abram P. Andrew ; for Marshal, John H. Ball and Cyrus Shreeve ; for Clerk, John H. Bradley and George M. Miller; for Treasurer, Herman Hausheer and Benj . Ash ; for Assessor, Alexander Hunt and Reu- ben Munday ; councilmen 1st ward, D. Thrush and Jno. B. Moulton ; second ward, Wash. Wilson, Ras Fetzer, S. A.Robinson and Chris. Hauser; third ward, John D. Hoover and Jacob Wile; fourth ward, E. G. McCollum, William Koppin and G. W. Abbott; fifth ward, Henry Wales and Chas. Kasbaum. The Democrats were completely successful, electing the entire city ticket and three out of six councilmen. The lowest majority was that of Nye against Andrew for Mayor, which was twenty-five, the highest was that of Hunt against Munday, one hundred and eighty-nine majority. The Republicans carried the second and third wards and that was all. Dr. S. A. Robinson and Washington Wilson were elected in the 286 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. second ward bj thirty-two majoritv, and John D. Hoover in the third by forty-four majority. The general result was to give the Democrats full control of the city government. The next general city election was held in May, 1875, and re- sulted in a partial victor}^ for the Republicans. The Democrats having held the city government for some years past, and the whole county having gone heavily Democratic at the general election of 1874, that party was very confident of a crushing victory and the Republicans correspondingly lacked confidence. It was somewhat difficult to find a prominent citizen who would consent to make the race for Mayor: but after much persuasion Polaski King accepted the arduous and unpromising place. The ticket having then been completed, the Republicans five days before the election, went to work with an energy rarely equaled. The Democrats had nomina- ted the city officers for re-election with one exception, and they came to the work with an assurance begotten of former victories, and the admitted fact that on a straight party vote, they had a majority in the city. The result of the election was that while the Democrats elected the larger portion of the city officers, yet their expectations were not fully realized, the majorities being much lower than they anticipated, and their candidates for Clerk and Marshal being defeated. On the other hand the Republicans were so well satisfied with their work that it was an easy matter to regard it as a victory. The following schedule, copied from the La Porte Chronicle, gives in detail the vote cast for the several candidates, and it is here given because it is the report of the last city election, and presents tlie names of those who now compose the city government. Mayor. — Total number of votes cast, 1,458. First ward — King, 147; Nye, 190: Nye's majority, 43. Second ward— King, 137; Nye, 131: King's majority, 6. Third Avard — King 212: Nye, 123; King's majority, 89. Fourth ward — King, 88: Nye, 163; Nye's majority 75. Fifth ward— King, 71: Nye, 196; Nye's majority 125. Total, King, 655; Nye, 803. Nye's majority 148. Clerk. — Total nurhber of votes cast, 1,444. First ward — Dor- land, 186 ; Becher 145: Dorland's majority, 41. Second ward — Dorland 158: Becher, 107; Dorland's majority 51. Third ward POLITICS OF THE CITY OF LA PORTE.' 287 — Dorland, 241; JJecher, 90; Dorland's majority 151. Fourth ward — Dorland, 87; Becher 162; Becher's majority 75. Fifth ward— Dorland, 80; Becher, 182; Becher's majority 108. Total, Dorland, 752 ; ]>echer, 692. Dorland's majority, 60. .Treasurer. — Total number of votes cast, 1,450. First ward — Cochrane, 191 : Hausheer, 144; Cochrane's majority, 47. Second ward — Cochrane, 130; Hausheer, 137; Hausheer's majority 7. Third ward — Cochrane,. 229 ; Hausheer, 100; Cochrane's majority 129. Fourth ward — Cochrane, 95; Hausheer, 156; Hausheer's majority 61. Fifth ward — Cochrane, 65; Hausher, 203; Haush- eer's majority 138. Total, Cochrane, 710; Hausheer, 740. Hausheer's majority, 30. Marshal. — Total number of votes cast, 1,457. First ward — Haverly, 192; Ball, 149; Haverly's majority 43. Second ward— Haverly, 165; Ball, 104; Haverly's majority 61. Third ward — Haverlv, 232; Ball, 100; Haverly's majority 132. Fourth ward —Haverly, 114; Ball, 134; Ball's majorit^ 20. Fifth ward— Haverly, "^88; Ball, 179; Ball's majority 91. Total, Haverly, 791; Ball, m^. Haverly's majority 125. Assessor. — Total number of votes cast, 1,441. First ward — Klockseim, 148; Hunt, 181; Hunt's majority 33. Second ward — Klockseim, 130; Hunt, 137; Hunt's majority 7. Third ward Klockseim, 207; Hunt, 125; Klockseim's majority 82. Fourth ward — Klockseim, 101; Hunt, 147; Hunt's majority 46. Fifth ward — Klockseim 63; Hunt 202; Hunt's majority 139. Total, Klockseim, 649; Hunt, 792. Hunt's majority 143. Oouncilmen first ward. — Total number of votes cast, 332. John F. Decker, Rep., 157; David Thrush, Dem., 175; Thrush's ma- jority 18. Second ward. — Total number of votes cast, 261. B. B. Arnold, Republican and Democrat. 214: Wm. Haferkamp. Independent, 47; Arnold's majority 167. Third, loard^ long term. — Total number of votes cast, 259. Ed. Rathbun, Republican and Democrat, 259. No opposition — Rath- bun's majority 259. Short term. — Total number of votes cast, 327; Fred West, Republican, 227; Jacob Wile, Democrat, 100. West's maioritv 127. 288 ■ HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Fourth ward. — Total number of votes cast, 244, J. Curran, Republican, 86; A. Ribbe, Democrat, 158: Ribbe's majority 72. Fifth ward. — Total number of votes cast, 265. Chas. Lund- quist, Republican, 69; Chas. Bauer, Democrat, 196: Bauer's majority, 127. This closes the review of the political history of La Porte. The elections of each alternate year have been omitted, as they were ward elections only and did not change the political complexion of the city administration proper. While yet a town, the Board of Trustees was generally Whig, and when the town became a city, it entered upon its city dignity under a Whig administration. Since the organization of the Republican party, the two existing parties have each borne a share in the administration of the city ojovern- ment, the Democrats being in power the larger number of years. Various public enterprises have been undertaken and completed during this time, the most important of which are the excellent public school buildings, and the Holly water works, the latter having been inaugurated and completed under the administration of Mayor Rose. Under all administrations the effort has been to keep the city clean and healthy, and this has been attended with a fair degree of success. It is not the province of this History to make political criticisms, and its author is glad to be able to say that under every administration much has been done that is worthy of commendation. MILITARY RECORD. 289 CHAPTER XX. MILITARY RECORD. The military record of La Porte County is one of so extensive a character, and so honorable, that it is worthy of a separate chapter in this History. It is indeed worthy of a volume in itself, but a single chapter is all that can be given to it in a work meant for the presentation of the entire History, the development, and the re- sources of the county. Honorable mention should here be made of those of our citizens who bore a part in the last war with Great Britain. Though the military service performed by them was long prior to the organization of the County, even before the admission of Indiana as a State into the Union, yet their presence among the people of the County served to stimulate feelings of patriotism, thus arousing men to action when the country needed and called for their services. These honored old heroes were constant incentives to honorable deeds. They kept alive the military spirit, and no doubt often caused to arise in the hearts of the younger men around them, a longing desire that an opportunity might arise, by which they could also shoulder the musket, and follow the flag to battle in defense of their country. Hence though their own services were rendered long before the beginning of the period covered by this History, yet having by the influence of their example, served to give the country a grander military history than it would otherwise have had, they are deemed worthy of this allusion. The names of this old guard of veterans are as follows: E. Farwell, who now lives at Westville ; Amos G. Webster, also of Westville ; Stephen Bunnell, of Indian Point; Napier, of Cass Township; Joseph Merrit, of La Porte, and Daniel Mack Leaming, ot Centre Township. There may have been others, but after diligent inquiry, the writer has been unable to obtain their names. These were living in the County at the beginning of 1871, but some of them have since passed away. Daniel Mack Leaming lies buried in 19 2^0 HfSTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Pine Lake cemeterj, and on each annual decoration day liis grave receives a floral tribute, with those who participated in later wars for their country. So let the offerings of our praise testify the country's gratitude to these veterans while iiving, and let the sweet- est flowers adorn their graves when their spirits have departed, and left only dust to be honored by the living. While the human race remains, individuals fall out by the waj. Of the men who assisted in the revolution to establish our independ- ence, not one remains in all the land. Of the men of 1812-15, but few are left, and even those of the Mexican war are dropping fast out of the ranks of the living. The great world moves on, and the roll-call of the mighty hosts that defended the nation in 1861-65 is growing less and less with the passage of the years. Events crowd thickly upon us, and even 1861 is thrown far back in history. The coming generation should not be compelled to depend on the forgetfulness of men's memories for a knowledge of the names of those who preserved the nation when assailed by domestic foes, unless indeed their work shall come to be regarded as a stigma upon them, and the men who sought to destroy what they defend- ed, shall reap at last the fruits of the victories of Union soldiers. Over such a prospect let a veil of darkness descend. The first service of a military nature that was rendered by any of the people of LaPorte County, after the settlement, was in the Black Hawk war, which caused the building of a fort near Door Village in 1832, and other military preparations, the narrative of which is given in the chapter on Scipio Township. Fortunately the savage enemy did not enter the borders of LaPorte County^ and the homes of the peaceful pioneers remained unmolested. Gen. Orr led hii company of mounted rangers into Illinois by command of Gen. Winfield Scott; but the difficulties with the Indians being soon after settled, they did not participate in actual hostilities. At length in 1846-7 the news passed over the country that a state of war existed between the United States and Mexico, thati. our little army had passed the Rio Grande, that bloody battles had'«" ^een fought on the soil of Mexico, and that the nation needed volunteers to assist in the work upon which the government had ^^ntered. T^nPni-fe County was ni^t slow to respond, and a Company MlLfTARY RECORD. 29# K^'MB veiT soon raised and on its way to the seat of war, under com- mand of Captain W. W. McCoy. Just prior to leaving, the ladies of La Poite made and presented to the Company a beautiful silk banner, which was borne proudly away, and at length returned with the Company, stained with the marks of honorable war, but free from an}- taint of dislionor. Early in August, 1848, those who had not fallen by battle or disease stood again in the presence of their friends at home, and the ladies wdio had presented them with the flag. The La Porte Whig of August 5th, 1848 contained a spirited account of the return of the La Porte Company of the Mexican war soldiers. It says : "When the Volunteer Company left this village for tlie seat of war in Mexico, the ladies of the place presented to them a beautiful banner, with the request, if any of the Company survived the perils of the war, that they should return to them the said banner. A portion of the Company havir.g returned and bix)ught back the banner, the ladies of the village assembled at the residence of Abram Fravel, Esq., and the military and the people generally, at the sound of martial music, under the direction of Majvr Cochrane, having also assembled, Capt. Fravel unrolled the old flag from its staft' and spoke as follows : Ladies : — You now behold presented before you the time worn banner of our Nation's glory. A banner whose folds have been fanned by the gentle winds of a belligerent nation. A banner which but fourteen months ago floated in beauty around the peace- ful habitations in the town of La Porte, but not as you now lieliold it. Although soiled and battered, it shall once more throw its stripes to the same old breeze. Ladies do you recognize in this flag the cause for which it was made and the day of its departure? Methinks you do. It has served faithfully the duty for which it Avas intended. Its march has been long, weary and toilsome, but glorious. On the ever memorable day of our National Independ- ence, 1847, this escutcheon of liberty waved in pride over the once blood stained battle field of New Orleans, and on the following fourth, that master bird with eagle eye, (amidst a world of waters) looked down upon the scene, wiiich sparkled like so many sheens upon the spears of the Assyrians. Next you may find it fluttering upon the turl)id waters of the Kio Grande, — and the first intrusion 292 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. it made upon the enemy's soil was at Kenoso. From tiiat time it never left her shores until we heard shouted aloud, " Victory and Peace through all the land." In the bloody and hard fought battle of Huamantla, where many brave and daring men were made to fall victims to the deadly balls, it waved in triumph. It was our beacon to guide us to conquest and to glory. When balls fell thick and heavy, and swords and lances glittered in the sun the brave and well tried lads who love this flag, and those around who know it well, were heard to shout aloud. "■ Fear not! Fear not I" This was our shield. The eyes of those who sought it shall never behold one blemish of disgrace upon its folds. It sought the heights of Cerro Gordo, close in the footsteps of our gallant leader, Winfield Scott. Yes. and that never conquered bird beheld with delight the last great eflbrt, and the retreating footsteps of the Napoleon of the Soutl,. Still not satisfied, our inarcli vvas onward, until we were able (amidst the deafening roar of arti.lery,) to plant this favorite banner in La Puebla, the ever memorable city of the Angels. Ladies we are truly grateful to you for the untiring zeal manifested by you at the departure of this Company. This banner which has passed through so brilliant a career, now passes from our hands into the hands of its beautiful owners. Ladies I tender to you this flag ; although its appearance to you may not be of the most fascinating character, still it is dear to the soldier who fought beneath its folds, as though it had returned without one blemish to mar its beauty. Therefore cherish it, preserve it, until our country calls aloud for freedom's sons, and our ears are salu- ted by the din of war : then and not till then, allow the breeze to fan its sacred folds. M. H. Orton, Esq., then received the banner on behalf )f the ladies, and replied as follows : Gapt. Fravel, in behalf of the young ladies of this village, 1 re- ceive at your hands this banner. In looking at it as we receive it, we can hardly recognize and hardly believe that it is the same bright and beautiful flag we presented to your Company fourteen months ago on their departure to the seat of war in Mexico. Then it was bright and glowing, fresh from the hands of the ladies. Then not a star was dimmed, nor a stripe soiled ; now we behold it tatter- ed and torn ; now it is bleached and faded ; now. its once bright ribbons and its silken fringe are torn and flapped to strings by the smoking breeze of war. Capt. Fravel, we have no doubt that the appearance of this flag calls up to the minds of your Company, associations of the most MILrTART RECORD. 293 pleasant and thrilling character. This banner speaks silently, yet eloquently to you all. It tells of many a toilsome, weary march; it tells you of the rigid discipline of war, and the subordination of rank: it tells of the dreadful preparation for battle: it tells of routed squadrons, retreating enemies, the shouts of the victorious and the invincible powers of American arms. With its solemn voice, it also speaks of the dying comrade, and the expiring soldier ; and lastly it brings to your remembrance, we trust, those young ladies whose fair hands made it and whose patriotism donated and tendered it to 3^ou. 1 am intrusted b}^ those young ladies to say to you and to 3^our Company, that most nobly and most gallantly have you discharged your trust and fulfilled your promise in returning this banner. They will keep this tattered relic as a sacred memento of the past, and while their country is reposing in the lap of peace, they will point with pride and exultation to this torn and tattered emblem, and say the blast of w^ar was blown — our country called for help when lo! our brothers rushed to arms and followed the fortunes of this old flag. Again let me assure you and this remnant of your gallant company that the ladies are tlie soldiers' friends, that their sympathies ever warm and pure, are with the soldiers' griefs; ever ready to honor and respect the living volunteer, as they are to shed the tear and plant the laurel o'er an absent soldier's grave. After which Major McCoy of the Fourth Indiana Regiment, being called for, took the stand and addressed the crowd, giving them a brief narration of the operations of the Fourth Regiment till their landing at i^uebla. The Major, in the course of his re- marks, took occasion to beat back the foul aspersion upon the fair fame of Indiana, in the conduct of the Indiana Regiment at Buena Yista. and proved that the slander was uttered only by poltroons and cowards, w^ho had been cashiered for cowardice or whipped for desertion : and (concluded by averring that the State of Indiana discharged the first and the last volley into the serried columns of Mexico, and did more hard fighting than any other "^tate in the Union." For the following further account of the organization, services, casualties, departure and return of this gallant Company, we are indebted to John B. Fravel, at whose house the flaii alluded to was made and in whose possession it now is. 294 HISTORY vF la forte county. La Porte, January 12, 187*5. Gen. Jasper Packard : The Military Company that went to Mexico from this city was organized in May, 1847. and left the latter part of June. The officers were, W. W. McCoy, Captain ; Robert Fravel, First Lieu- tenant: C. W. Lewis, Second Lieutenant, and Sam "I Mecum. Ensign and Color Bearer. ''The flag was made at my house by Miss Minor, Miss Stev'nl)ergei-, Miss Marinda Fravel, and several other young ladies, and presented to the Company fi'om the porch of the house where Henry B. Weir now resides. Miss Marinda Fravel presented it to M. II. Orton, and he to Robert Fravel who received it in behalf of the (^)mpany, with the promise that it should be returned if there was left one man to bring it. This flag is now in my possession. One incident I will relate. When the Company was on the Rio Grande, Lieutenant Fravel was left on an island to die, and Sam'l Mecum left to take charge of him. The Company that day waded a marsh about four miles and camped ; in the dusk they saw something coming across the marsh, and to their surprise they found it to be Mecum with Lieut. Fravel on his back, — a more kind and noble man than Me- cum does not live; he resides at Hanna Station, — I see him occasionally. The Company was composed of young men, number- inor ninetv-two in all. This is written from memorv, and mav not be strictly correct. Yours, J. B. Fravel.' There have been at times, militia oi'gani/ations in the city of La Porte and elsewhere in the County, which, while they never rendered any active service as an organization, yet served to keep alive the military spirit, and many of the members of which Avere prompt to take a part in the great war Avhich followed the peaceful years between 184S and 1860. No one who lived in I^a Porte at the time will ever forget the magnificent uprising of the people on the thirteenth of April, 1861. On the morning of that day, the foUowin'z despatches passed over the telegraphic wires, and the whole country rose up in the majesty of a free people, and with a power whicli never waned, while a rebel remained with arms in his hands. MILITARY RECORH. •29.5 ''Charleston, April 12. The following is the telegraphic correspondence between the War Department at Montgomery and Gen. Beauregard, immediately preceding the hostilities. The correspondence grew out of the formal notification by the Washington government, which is ilis- closed in Gen. Beauregard's first despatches: (:N'0. 1.) CHARLESTOn, April 1«). To L. P. Walker, Secretaiy of War: An authorized messenger from President Lincoln just informed Gov. Pickens and myself, that provisions will be sent to Fort Sumter, peaceably, or otherwise by force. (t. T. BKAi;rtEGARI>. (:N^o. 2.) Montgomery, April 1<). To Gen. G. T. Beauregard,' Charleston : If you have no doubt of the authorized character of the agent who communicated to you the intention of the Washington government to supply Fort Sumter by force, you will at once dem.and its evacu- ation, and if this is refused, proceed in such manner as you may determine, to reduce it. L. P. Walker, Secretary of War. (No. 3.) Charleston, Apiil 10. To L. P. Walker, Secretary of War: The demand will be made to-morrow at twelve o'clock. (No. 4.) Montgomery, April 10. To Gen. Beauregard, Charleston: Unless there are especial reasons connected with your own con- dition, it is considered proper that you should make the demand at an early hour. L. P. Walker, Secretary of War. (No. 5.) Charleston, April 10. To L. P. Walker, Montgomery: The reasons are especial for twelve o'clock. G. T. Beauregard. (No. 6.) Charleston, April 11 L. P. Walker, Secretary of War, Montgomery: Demand sent at two o'clock. Alloweast Saturday morning, after a portion of the weekly edition of the Herald Avas printed, we stopped the press to announce that the Southern rebels had commenced war. At four o'clock on Friday morning a brisk canonade was opened upon the beleagured forces in Fort Sumter. It was kept up duiing the day and night, and wa* still going on when the news reached us. Though long expected, yet it seemed almost too much to believe. The magnitude of th»j treason seemed to have burst upon us afresh. Tlie excitement wa.^ intense and deepened during the day. Arrangements were made with the telegraph office to receive Saturday's news. At two o'clock a large crowd of our citizens repaired to Huntsman Hall to listen to the intelligence from Fort Sumter. M. H. Weir read the dis- patches. There were but a few meagre details, and from the fact that the wires at Charleston are in the hands of the rebels, but little reliance was placed in what we did get. The substance of the news was that Anderson was doing but little; the war vessels in the offing were unable to assist the fort; that a storm was raging and they could not enter the harbor: that Fort Moultrie, the ir.on battery on Cumming's Point, and the floating battery, were doing tremendous execution on Fort Sumter ; that portions of the walls were battered down; that two explosions had occurred, and the fort was reported on fire. Great incredulity was manifested, but the evening news was still more unfavorable, bringing us tlie unwelcome intelligence that Major Anderson had surrendered. There were so many items of news in the dispatches manifestly false, that we -still lioped there was no truth in the reported surrender. Sunday evening the citizens again met at Huntsman Hall. The dispatches were brought in, and, as on the previous evening, were read by Daniel Noyes. They confir^-ed our worst fears — Fort Sumter had been surrendered to the rebel forces. Thus closed, with news of war and defeat, the first Sabbath of the new American Revolution. On Monday all day the excitement continued. A war spirit grcAv rapidly. Political questions were lost sight of — one sentiment v^$0 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. animated every breast. Our national existence is threatened; shall we stand by and see the nation destroyed, or shall we repel its enemies, defend the institutions of freedom, and leave them unim- paired, a heritage to future generations, as our fathers made and transmitted them to us. Such was the universal feeling, with the exception of a very few secessionists who exhibited their dastardly treason and the purpose of thv^ir traitorous hearts by wishing for the destruction of Fort Sumter and then chuckling over its fall. Let them be" marked and socially ostracised. Thank God! there jtre few of them. Treason finds not a congenial soil in La Porte. The descendants of the pilgrim fathers and of revolutionary heroes regard the tories of 1861, with the same detestation as those of 1776. So few are there liere that we ma}- truly say our people are unanimous, Democrats and Republicans : though differing still on political questions, they vie with each other in support of the Administration in the great crisis. In LaPorte we are a unit. On Monday evening the rush to Huntsman Hall was greater than ever. The hall was crowded. The band played our stirring National airs. National odes were sung. Speeches were made. Don J. Woodward, a prominent Democrat, declared that he would be the first one to enlist in the service of his country. This an- nouncement was received with the wildest enthusiasm. The cheer- ing would almost have drowned the roar of the cannonade of Fort Sumter. Such patriotism thrilled every heart. This is as it should be. All are alike interested in maintaining the L^nion. All feel that the time for partisan jealousies has passed by. As between Union and Anarchy, there can be but one party. The Union maintained, and peace and prosperity will again dawn upon the Nation. The Union destroyed, and anarchy and confusion Mill reign for years over the ruins of the foremost Nation on earth. On Tuesday the excitement and enthusiasm were on the increase. We omitted to state before, and will mention here, that at the meeting on Saturday evening, M. H. Weir offered the following resolutions, which were unanimously and enthusiastically adopted. Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting, that the Federal Government is entitled to the support of every ^ood and loyal citizen of our country, in its effort to provision and reinforce Fort MILETARY RECORD. 301 Sumter, aridfthat the government which fails to protect its citizens and the public property is not entitled to the confidence of aHj people. Resolved, That we pledge our support to the Federal (jrovera- ment in its effort to hold and protect the public property. At one o'clock to-day the Court House bell was rung, and in accordance with previous notice the Mayor's office was soon throng- ed, and opportunity given for volunteers to enlist in the service of their country. Owing to the pressure of the crowd the meeting adjourned to Huntsman Hall, headed by a band of martial music. By request Gen Orr bore the Star Spangled Banner. The list of recruits was headed'by D. J. Woodward, and during the day and evening, was filled up to the number of about fifty or over. It having been announced that there were some ready to enlist, but hesitated on account of leaving their families without proper provi- sion, M. H. Weir offered to head a subscription list with fifty or one hundred dollars, for the purpose of providing for the families of volunteers. Subscriptions were called for immediately, and as the good work went on, the loud and enthusiastic cheering showed that the hearts of our people are right. During the day and evening between three and four thousand dollars were subscribed. The subscriptions range from ten dollars to two hundred, subscribed by Capt. A. P. Andrew. Geo. B. Roberts subscribed $ltoO ; Wm. Everhart, $140 ; S. Van Nest, $125; Gen. Orr, E. Morrison. W. W. Wallace, John F. Decker, W. C. Hannah, A. Teegarden and P. King, subscribed $100 each. M. H. Weir, R. Munday, S. Van Pelt. A. Buck, Harvey Treusdell, A. Case, Jacob Wile, L. Eliel. W. H. H. Whitehead,* Isaac B. Coplin, A. W. Leeds, W. N. Ball, John Sutherland, J. A. Caldwell, N. B. Ridgway, B. M. Newkirk, John W. Free, Henry Lusk, H. L. Weaver, L. B. Crosby, Ohas. Fredrickson, F. Baumgartner, J. H. Wilson, L. Sherman and I. Butterworth subscribed $50 each. James Moore, N. T. Place and L. Crane subscribed $75 each. The large number of those who subscribed a less amount, mostly twenty-five dollars each, forbids the publication of their names. Mr. Huntsman announced that the hall would be free for all meet- ings pertaining to the present crisis- S02 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. In tbe eveninoj the excitement had abated not a whit. As on the former occasions, Major Whitehead, was President; John Millikan, Esq., acted as Secretary, and Daniel Noyes, Esq., as reader of dispatches. Most of the dispatches were encouraging, showing but one sentiment throughout tl;e entire North; everywhere a full determination was manifested to maintain the honor of the country's flag, and the existence of the Nation. Every dispatch of this char- acter was received with vociferous applause. At a late hour the meeting broke up with no signs of weariness. On Wednesday, little is thought of or talked about but the war. Last Saturday evening a committee consisting of M. H. Weir, B. M. Newkirk,VHarvey C. Treusdell, S. VanNest and Wm. H. Boyd was appointed to call a meeting, and to report resolutions expressive of the sense of the" citizens of La Porte and vicinity. They called the meeting for this evening. The crowd was greater than on any former occasion. The committee reported the follow- ing resolutions, which were unanimously adopted, with three hearty cheers : Whereas, Certain States of the Union are now in open rebellion against the Government of the United States, and with arms in their hands, are attempting to subvert the institutions reared and defended by our fathers, and Whereas, This rebellion has now become so formidable as to seriously threaten our National existence, and, Whereas, The President of the United States, in view of the imminent perils which now beset the Union, and to assist in the execution of the laws and the defence of the Nation's property. Therefore, Resolved^ That leuelliuu i> Ucusuii, and that ticason to the Union should be crushed by the strong arm of the National power, and that it is better to crush treason, even at the cannon's mouth, than to suffer the overthrow of the Nation, and bring upon ourselves many long years of Anarchy, with all their tremendous evils. And that the time has now come to determine whether we have a gov- ernment which is able to maintain itself against every foe. 2. That all good and loyal citizens should cheerfully unite to defend the Union from the attacks of its enemies, whether foreign or domestic. 3. That we will regard the citizens of the seceded States as MILITARY RECORD. 308 enemie6, while in arms, and when they return to their allegiance, we will regard them, as we have hitherto done, as our friends and brothers. 4. That we hail with joy the unanimity of feeling that prevails throughout the loyal States, and that in the present crisis we will act, not as partisans,but as patriots not as Democrats (;r Republicans, but as loyal citizens, and forgetful of party, we will stand firmly by the Union the Constitution and the maintenance of the laws, and by no act or word of ours, will we show sympathy for treason, but will do all that we can, to transmit our free institutions, unimpaired to the remotest posterity. 5. That we believe the best remedy for the present Southern treason is "Grape for the ranks and hemp for the leaders." 6. That in the attack on Maj. A^nderson, beleagured in Fort Sumter, the so-called Southern Confederacy have inaugarated war — the responsibility for all its consequences must rest upon them ; and it is the duty of all good citizens to take sides at once in favor of the Union and the Constitution, against those who have deter- mined to break up and destroy the best government on earth. 7. That we will sustain the President in his patriotic endeavors to preserve our National existence, and the Governor of Indiana, in the prompt and efficient manner with which he has responded to the call of the National Government. 8. That we will march under no banner but the Stars and Stripes, that we will know no country but the Union of the States, and with men and money, to the extent of our ability, we will assist to restore the glory of the American name, to add new lustre to the proud title of an American citizen: to make the American Union respected abroad and revered at home, and to carry the Star Spangled Banner over all the land, until it waves in triumph from the battlements of Fort Sumter, retrieved in honor, and its glory untarnished. M.II. Weik. ) H. Treusdell. > S. Van Nest. J More dispatches w^ere read during the evening; the number of recruits was raised to seventy-five; S. J. Butler subscribed one hundred dollars to the relief fund ; Wm. Hagadorn read a report from a committee to solicit subscriptions in the Railroad shops. More than five hundred dollars was raised among the hands in the shops. This raised the general subscriptions to over $4,000. 304 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. On Tuesday the company of volunteers was completed and fully organized by the election of the following officers: Captain, D. J. Woodward ; first Lieutenant, T. J. Patton ; second Lieutenant, Geo. H. Carter; third Lieutenant, Joseph Richards. A beautiful incident occurred to-day. A young recruit under a deep sense of his duty, both to his God and his country, went to Mr. Thompson, the Pastor of the Christian Church, in the presence of a few friends made confession of his faith in the religion of Jesus Christ — was immersed, and immediately joined the ranks of the recruits. That young man possesses a lofty courage that will bear him bravely through the bloodiest storms of battle. The blood of the Puritans courses through his veins, and though he may die, yet he will never dishonor the cause he serves. Besides the Zouave Company, already mentioned, an Artillery Company has been raised. The Star Spangled Banner has been floating all the week from the tall pole in front of the Court House. On the fifteenth, Gen. Lewis Wallace, Adjutant General of the Indiana Militia issued the following order for the organization of the militia of the State : •'general orders. Adjutant General's Office, ) Indianapolis, April 15, 1861. j" G-eneral Orders, No. 1. — Attention is called to the following regulations adopted for the organization of the Militia of Indiana: 1. Companies must number eighty four, rank and file. 2. Each company must elect the following officers for commis- sions : one Captain, one First Lieutenant, one Second Lieutenant and one Third Lieutenant. 3. When formed and organized by the election of officers, the Captain must report immediately to this office, sending names of officers, company roll, the exact locality of their muster, and the particular arm of service they have chosen, whether infantry, rifle, artillery, or cavalry. 4. Notice of their acceptance will be immediately given by tele- graph or in the speediest possible manner; and when so notified, companies must be in readiness for instant march to the place of rendezvous. MILITARY RECORD. 305 5. Regiments will, if time permits it, be formed of compaines from the same Congressional District. If time will not allow, com- panies will be assigned to regiments according to the date of their report, as above designated. 6. Respect for the five regiments sent from Indiana to the Mexican war, and avoidance of historical confusion hereafter, re- quire that regiments should be numbered in order beginning with the sixth. 7. Companies not already uniformed will take no step about uniforming until they know the regiment they are attached to. 8. Arms will be distributed to accepted companies as soon as possible. If not distributed before marching to the place of ren- dezvous, patience must be exercised. 9. If practicable, an inspecting officer will be sent to such com- panies, notice being given of the time of his coming. 10. Accepted companies must not wait for arms, but begin their drill immediately. 11. All communications touching arms, place of rendezvous, and organization, must be addressed to this office. 12. Notice of time and place of general rendezvous will be given in. future orders. LEwas Wallace, Adjutant Gen. Ind. Militia. On the same day. President Lincoln issued his call for 75,000 men. But recruiting had already begun in La Porte; from all over the county they came, and in a very few days, two companies were ready to take the field. From the Herald we take the following account of the departure of the first Volunteer company from La- Porte : "Last Monday morning was the time set for Capt. D. J. Wood- ward's company of volunteers to leave La Porte for Camp Morton, at Indianapolis, and at an early hour our streets became thronged with both our citizens and those from the country, to witness the interesting spectacle. The various fire eompanies and the German Rifle company were out, accompanied by Frisbee's silver band, and added much to the occasion. The company were drawn up in line in front of the Court House, and answered to the call of the roll, and received the warm congratulations of many sincere friends, 20 306 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. after which they marched to the depot and went aboard the special train piovided for the occasion to take them to the Crossing. The crowd at the depot was really immense, many of whom manifested decided sadness and grief at the parting of near and dear friends, perhaps never to see them more. We saw many weeping bitterly as they pressed perhaps for the last time the hand of a husband, brother or son, and bid him God speed in his noble undertaking. Capt. Woodward was particularly affected, as well as many of his company. At about half after nine o'clock the train started, amid the cheers of the vast multitude. The fire companies and many citizens went aboard the cars and . accompanied the volunteers as far as the Crossing. Fri-sbee's Silver Band continued with the company to Indianapolis, where they intend to offer their services to their country. This company is finely officered and contains as brave and trusty men as our county affords. Capt. Woodward makes a splendid officer and commands the respect of the whole company. Lieuts. Patton, Carter and Richards, are also of the right stripe, and worthy of the positions they severally occupy." This company united with the celebrated ninth Indiana Regi- ment under command of Col. R. H. Milroy, participated in the first campaign in West Virginia, and at the close of the three months' service returned to La Porte, and was reorganized for the three years' service. Before taking the field Capt. Woodward was made Major of the Regiment; Lieut. Patton, Captain, and Second Lieut. Carter, First Lieutenant. Michigan City was also on fire with patriotic fervor, and organized and sent forward a company under command of Capt. Wm. H. Blake, which reached the ren- dezvous in time to gain admission into the ninth for the three month's service. The complete roster of these two companies will be given elsewhere in this histor^^ But far more than enough came forward to fill up these two companies, and another company was speedily organized, and called the La Porte Zouaves; with the intention of gaining admission into Lew Wallace's Zouave Regi- ment, the eleventh Indiana. It serves to show how thoroughly the war spirit of the people of the whole State was aroused, that not- withstanding the La Porte Zouaves were ready on the fifteenth, yet MILITARY RECORD. " 307 they could not obtain acceptance. On Monday, the fifteenth of April, a telegram was sent to Gen. Wallace, to which the following reply was returned : " Zouave Regiment and requisition all full. Lew AV all ace." Another despatch was sent, and the reply came : " To A. Teegarden : — No chance to get in — no more companies can be received. Lew Wallace." The members of the company still did not despair, and on the same night, they met and elected officers: James H. Shannon, Captain; H. M. Brusie, first Lieutenant, J. E. Sweet, second Lieutenant; A. H. Dustin, third Lieutenant; B. F. Coleman, Ensign; E. S. Abbey, first Sergeant; David Seeholtz, second Sergeant; Hiram Stewart, third Sergeant; Simon P. Montgomery, fourth Sergeant; S. R. Culp, first Corporal; Charles M. Berrick, second Corporal; N. M. Kinsley, third Corporal; Joseph Sutton, fourth Corporal. Much to their regret, they were unable to get into any regiment at the time, but most of them afterwards joined the twentieth regi- ment for the three year's service. The names of the members are here given in full : "J. H. Shannon, J. E. Sweet, E. S. Abbey, G. W. Fosdick, C. Fradenburgh, N. McKinney, L. Woodworth, H. M. Kendall, B. F. Coleman, 0. M. Harvey, A. B. Hendricks, W. H. Huntsman, L. M. B. Jones, Charles M. Berrick, John C. Holton, Mack Graham, Daniel S. Garlick, R. W. Comfort, Geo. R. Abbott, Harrison Stewart, Lewis Roberts, Willis Francis, Wm. Cannell, S. E. Hard- ing, Wm. King, W. S. Stinchcomb, John W. Andrew, John C. Lloyd, Orson Howard, Wm. Hecker, Henry Hagenbuck, James D. Kent, Charles Clarkson, Michael Halsey, A. H. Lamb, Joseph Noll, Henry J. Weckerlin, Simon P. Montgomery, Samuel R. Culp, Dennis F. Vandusen, Clayton Price, J. D. Taylor, J. W. Carrier, Alonzo Sturges, G. J. Emery, John B. Catlin, T. C. Weed, Stephen K. Grover, Oscar Harris, Jesse B. Miller, Philetus Downing, Geo. Rodefer, Henry Guise, Thomas Hutchins, H. Austin, J. Biege, Wni. W. Weber, D. F. Beach, G. A. Whittaker, Wm. B. Smith, John H. Hendricks, Kenyon Hyatt, H. W. Brusie, 308 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Lew J. Bryant, David Wright, Wm. H. Martin, Asher Proud, David Shultz, Timothy Mulqueen, Emulus Travis, John Mont- gomery, John T. Gulp, Cornelius Vandusen, Henry Cramer, Thomas Shiane, Scott Whitman, Jno. A. Sloane, Jno. Miller, Jasper Rhodes, R. P. Miles, Allen C. Austin, H. Burford, Jesse F. Bagley, Samuel Dustin, Thomas Cunningham, Wm. E. Alsop, John Graa, P. V. Husten, N. B. Easton, A. B. Austin, Orrin Moon, Joseph Sutton, Wm. M. Bennett, Samuel Huston, Henry StefFer, Joseph Lloyd, Oscar Bear, Samuel Moser, David Pealer, Jas. N. Marvin, Ezra H. Gould, Thomas E. Chamberlain, James Halpin, Theo. Romans, Chas. A. Davidson, J. Fradenburg^ Hiram Crawford, Geo. Storrs, Jas. Andrew, Alfred Fradenburg, Benj. Matchett, Henry Miller, W. C. Hall, Andrew Saylor, Geo. Drawley, J. N. Cissna, E. J. Kelsey, C. D. Vanwagnen, Geo. W. Blackman, Chas. Barringer, Reuben Mapes, Wm. Shelley, Samuel Locker, John Blank." Meanwhile the citizens were actively engaged in devising ways and means for the care of soldiers' families, and the wants and necessities of the men who were leaving home so suddenly, without the opportunity to make proper preparations for their own comfort or that of their families. The following account of a meeting of the citizens held on the twenty-fourth day of April will show how promptly and eifectively they came into the great relief work, which continued during the entire war: " At a public meeting at Huntsman Hall on Wednesday after- noon, twenty-fourth instant, to consult about the great crisis we are now involved in and how it had better be met, on motion of Gen. Orr, Hon. Chas. W. Cathcart was elected President. On taking the chair Mr. Cathcart responded to repeated calls in one of the most eloquent and patriotic speeches ever delivered in La Porte which was received with great demonstrations of enthusiasm. The following nauiod gentlemen were selected as Vice Presidents: James Forrester, Jas. Bradley, A. L. Osborn, and Amzi Clark. John Millikan, C. G. Powell, and Wm. H. Scott were appointed Secretaries. Patriotic and eloquent speeches were made by Judge Osborn, Wm. Frazier of Illinois, and Wm. J. Walker^ all of which had the true ring in them. The following preamble and resolutions were offered and after being read were unanimously adopted: MILITARY RECORD. 309 Whereas, In certain States in this Union, an armed rebellion has been organized, having for its avowed object the overthrow of the government of the IJnited States; and, whereas, the authors and leaders of this rebellion have, by violence, seized several forts and arsenals belonging to the United States, and have plundered the government of large sums of money, arms and other property ; and, whereas. Fort Sumter, belonging to the United States, and over which the government had exclusive jurisdiction, has been besieged by a large army of rebels, and assaulted by a destructive cannonade, until the heroic Maj. Anderson, and his little, but gal- lant band, exhausted by hunger and fatigue, were compelled to haul down the national flag and surrender the fortress into the hands of armed traitors ; and, whereas, the President of the United States, in obedience to his constitutional obligations has called upon the loyal States to aid him in the enforcement of the laAvs, in the recov- ery of the national property and the preservation of the govern- ment; therefore. Resolved, That we the citizens of La Porte County, now assem- bled, without distinction of party, will to the utmost of our ability aid the President of the United States, with men and means, in crushing this rebellion, in the recovery of the national property, in the preservation of our government and in the enforcement of its laws. Resolved, That this meeting, in view of the unsettled and alarm- ing condition of our national affairs, recommend that volunteer com- panies may be organized in every convenient district in La Porte County, and that they be officered, drilled and held in readiness to meet any call that may be made by the Governor of this State or the President of the United States for volunteers. Resolved, That all patriotic citizens who are willing to contribute to the support of the families of our volunteers during their absence be invited to call on Harvey Truesdell, Sutton Vanpelt and Henry Lusk, the committee on the volunteer fund and subscribe such an amount as they are willing to give for such object. Resolved, That all who are willing to contribute blankets, and comforts or clothing for the use of volunteers be requested to leave them with the Mayor of the city of La Porte, who will mark them and if not used will return them to the donors of said articles. M. H. Weir read the following resolutions which were adopted by a unanimous vote: Resolved, That our Senator and Representatives in the State Legislature from this county be requested to use their utmost 310 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. endeavors, to procure the passage of a law, at the present extra session, so amending the act of 1852 pertaining to the duties and powers of the County Commissioners as to enable the Commission- ers of the different counties of this State, in their discretion to appropriate money from the County Treasury, to aid in the support of the families of such of the Indiana volunteers of 1861, and during the present troubles, as shall stand in need of such aid. Resolved^ That the Secretary of this meeting be instructed to forward a copy of the above resolution to our Senator and each of our Representatives at Indianapolis. At this stage of the proceedings Gen. Orr stated that the citizens here had authorized those volunteers who resided in the country and wished to remain in La Porte while preparing to go away, to board at the hotels of the city, and that in so doing there was an accumulated debt due to said hotel keepers of one hundred and sixty dollars, about half of which had been paid — the balance he proposed should be made up at once, which was done in a few minutes. This was independent of the relief fund for the families of the volunteers. The Union Mills band was present and discoursed fine music at times during the meeting." At a previous meeting, the following proceed- ings were had : "Mayor's Office, April 19th, 1861. The subscribers to the fund for the support of the families of Volunteers to aid in the suppression of the Southern rebellion, met for the purpose of forming an organization in furtherance of the object of such'subscription. The Mayor was called to the chair. On motion, W. C. Hannah, H. Truesdell,^IIenry Lusk and S. Van Pelt were appointed a com- mittee to report at a subsequent meeting a plan for the collection and disbursement of the funds that have been, and may be, subscribed. The meeting then adjourned till tomorrow at ten o'clock A. M. April 20th: — The meeting was called to order pursuant to ad- journment. On motion. A, L. Osborn was electet Chairman, and W. B. Biddle was chosen Secretary. The committee heretofore appointed to devise a plan for the collection and disbursement of funds, as a report, submitted the following propositions : That each volunteer be requested to report to the Mayor, the number, names, ages, sexes and place of residence MILITARY RECORD. 311 of his family ; and in case they shall fail to furnish the same the information shall be obtained from other reliable sources. That a committee of three citizens be appointed by this meeting whose duty it shall be to collect and expend the money which has been, or shall be, subscribed for the purpose aforesaid. That said committee shall from time to time inquire into, and keep themselves advised of the situation and wants of said families, and to provide for and supply all such necessary wants during the absence of such volunteers. That the said committee be authorized to make assessments pro rata upon the subscriptions, and to collect the same as often as may be necessary to defray the expenses of providing for such families in the manner aforesaid. That the committee shall have general powers and discretion in the collection and management of said fund, and in the disburse- ment of it, and may appoint as many assistants as they may deem necessary. S. Vanpelt, H. LusK, H. Truesdell, AY. C. Hannah. On motion, the report was concurred in. It was moved and seconded that Harvey Truesdell, Sutton Vanpelt and Henry Lusk constitute said committee, which motion prevailed. A motion to empower said committee to fill all vacancies which may occur therein, was carried. On motion, it was resolved that if any person who has subscribed to said relief fund shall enlist as a soldier, such person shall be released from his subscription. On motion, J. A. Caldwell, C. Fredrickson, and John Suther- land, were appointed a committee to collect money to furnish vol- unteers with such clothing as may be necessary for their present use, and to pay other incidental expenses. W. C. Hannah presented the following resolutions : Resolved, That the General Assembly of this State be requested to enact a law at its special session about to convene, authorizing the Boards of County Comn'iissioners of the several counties of this State to make such appropriations of money from time to time, 312 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. to be paid out of their respective county treasuries, as they may deem necessary and proper for the support of the families of such citizens of their respective counties as shall enroll themselves as volunteers, and be mustered into the service of the United States, to aid in the suppression of the Southern rebellion. Resolved^ That copies of the foregoing resolution be forwarded by the Chairman and Secretary of this meeting to the President of the Senate and speaker of the House of Representatives. On motion the resolutions were adopted. The meeting then adjourned. A. L. OsBORN, Chairman. W. B. BiDDLE, Secretary. Such was the spirit which animated the people of La Porte county, when the first notes of Avar broke upon the country. The great heart of the people was enlisted. The young and middle-aged came forward by hundreds, and stepped promptly into the ranks for the nation's defense. The women were aroused, and all over the county relief societies w^ere organized, and from that time forward during all the months and years of the war, their solemn vigils were kept, and they refused to know relaxation or weariness in their noble work of supplying cumforts to diseased, and wounded, and suffering men. Citizens whose age or circumstances prevented them from bearing a part in the heat and burdens, and dangers of the field, freely contributed of their means, to aid the families of those who went out and might never return, and many of whom left their bodies in the soil of the South. To all this, there were some exceptions. There were those, not many, but some, who expressed the hope that the soldiers might never return, who knew for them no better name than "Lincoln hirelings," and who refused to aid the grand cause by money, or work, or word. Their punish- ment has long since come. It is that they never can teel the pride which swells the heart of him or her who helped to prevent the nation's overthrow. They must always hold concealed within their breasts, the humiliating knowledge that the glorious triumph was achieved without their assistance, and in spite of their sympathy with a rebellion which had for its object the dismemberment of the nation. It is quite impossible to follow each man who went from La Porte county into the service of his country. It would involve the whole MILITARY RECORD. 313 history of the war, of every campaign East and West, and of a large proportion of the battles that were fought, for in nearly every part of the great field of operations, the soldiers of La Porte county were to be found. The writer has thought best therefore, after detailing the first magnificent uprising of our people, noi to indulge in many general remarks, but to give a list complete of the soldiers who en- listed from this county, with the military history of each, as far as it has been practicable to obtain it, together with a brief history of each regiment that was organized in this county, or contained as much as one full Company from the county. This will include the following regiments and batteries, the Ninth, Fifteenth, Twenty- ninth, Forty-eighth, Seventy-third, Seventy-fourth, Eighty-seventh, One Hundred and Twenty-eighth, Twelfth Cavalry ; Fourth, Fifth and Twenty-first batteries. This register will be made up from the report of the Adjutant General of the State, Gen. Wm. H. H. Terrell, to which work we are also largely indebted for the historical account of the regiments and batteries named. The residences of the men of the Batteries named are not given in the report, and hence it is possible that our list herein will not be as complete and accurate as is desirable, though very few, if any of the names will be omitted. It will be a surprise to many to see the long roll of names which indicate better than anything that could be said, how grandly La Porte county upheld the hands of the government, when bloody treason attacked the integrity of the Union. These lists of names are replete with eloquence greater than language can com- mand, showing the power of a tree people, and that La Porte coun- ty, in the nation's great crisis furnished no mean army in itself. NINTH REGIMENT— THREE MONTHS SERVICE. COMPANY "B." Niemer, Gus. April 25, 61; 1st Serg't, mustered out July 29, '61. Jones, Byron C. ' ' Sergeant, Copp, Wm. ' Fry, Robert ' i u James, John ' Ward, Wm. ' Corporal, Young, Henry ' Durham, James H. ' ' Musician, 314 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Allen, Hiram April 25, 61; mustered out July 29, '61. Ashton, Simon " " '' Baldwin, James " Bemiss George " Boothroyd, Edward " Brock way, Asahel " Brothers,' Elisha " Butterfield, John " Burns, John " Crainer, John " Felt, Orson B. Forbes, George " Fowler, John D. " Fraser, Wm. W. Gline Nelson " Gluck, Louis " Gluck, Frederick '' Hamilton, Robert " Hall, William Harding, Joseph '' Hainer, Daniel " Hieshler, Adam '^ Hildebrand, Francis " Jones, Henry " Lockwood James, " McCormick, James " McClurg, Thomas '^ Miller, Talcott " Noseworthy, Wm. " Ogden, George " Peabody, Samuel " Pettis, Morris " Peck, William " Peterson, John " Peacore, Joseph '' Phelps, Eli Reynolds, Isaac '' Richards, Robert " Ritter, John W. " Shottenoffer, John " Smith, Norman " Smith, Edward " (( ii u a. a a. a ii 6i ii it ii H ii. u ii a a u a u ii u a u ii u a ii a. a ii u ii n a u ii u ii u a u ii ii i.i u a- li a ii ii ii ii ii ii ii a ii ii ii a ii ii c. ii a ii ii ii a ii (• ii ii ii ii ii MILITARY RECORD. 315 Smith, Henry April 25, '61; Thompson, Nelson " Thornton William " Thornton Samuel " Yanostrand, Jerome " Vesper, Augustus " Wilcox, Wm. R. Wilson, James Wood, Henry H. Young, Charles mustered out July 29, '61. COMPANY "F." Stebbins, Frank Apr. 24,'61; 1st Serg't, mustered out July 29, '61. Andrews, John W. Wing, Seneca Wetherby, Chas. J. Brashaw, Walter, Wilbraham, Joseph Merritt, Wm. H. Miner, David Collins, James Stanton, Alonzo B. Anderson, Charles Bailey, Lorene M. Barts, John Barnes, Jackson Barnes, John Baker, David ' Boyd, George Brink, John Brisack, Judson F. Brown, Calvin C. Butler, Newton Conant, Edwin C. Conant, Albert S. Cox, Samuel T. Cubben, Edward Finley, James Fosdick, Aaron Gast, Peter Gates, Columbus George, Amos Sergeant a u Corporal Musician u a u u u u n u a (C u a u a u u ii u ii a li a a u a u a a u a a a u a u a u u u u u (( a u u Egidius D. " Jackson, Marion " Jamison, Ninian " Jones, David " Kelly, William D. Krug, Robert " Lamphire, Silas " Lastner, William " Lewis, John " Little, Cleaveland C. " Lowry, Henry A. " Lucas, Calvin R. " Marklin, Herman " Matchet, Benjamin " Macher, Nicholas " Mustered out June 25, '64. Ap'd Q. M. Ser.; dis. Feb. 63— dis'y. Mustered out June 25, '64. a a a Died, Nashville, Feb. 14, '64. Killed, Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, '63. Mustered out June 25, '64. App'd Corp'l must, out June 25, '64. Discharged June 16, '62 — disability. Deserted; Nashville, March 25, '62. Mustered out June 25, '64. Discharged Aug. 9, '62 — disability. Discharged June 25, '64. App'd Serg.; mus. out June 25, '64. Mustered out June 25, '64. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Discharged Dec. 24, '62 — disability. Mustered out June 25, '64. Transferred to V. R. C. Feb. 24,'64. u a a a Mustered out June 25, '64. App'd Corporal; dis. Feb. 4, '63. Des. Ind'ls, on furlough Apr. 29,'64. Mustered out June 25, '64. Discharged ; — disability. a u u Vet.; trsfd. 17th Reg., May 21, '64. Ap'd Corp'l ; must, out June 25, '64. i. a u a Deserted Sept. 17, '61. Killed in action. Mustered out June 25, '64. Discharged Aug. 14, '61 — disability. " " Nov. 6, '62 Discharged Dec. 12, '62. " 24, '62. Died, Louisville, July 18, '63. Mustered out June 25, '64. Drowned, Nov. 29, '61. Discharged July 24, '61 — disability. Killed, Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, '63. 326 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Maxwell, A. F. June 14,'61 ; McNess, James C. a Miller, Jacob V. a Moser, Samuel a Moon, John 0. u Mudge, George P. a Murphy, John H. a Myers, Jasper a Noyes, Charles ii Page, Lewis C. a Reed, Madison a Reynard, William P. n Richards, Samuel a Rowe, George H. a Rose, John u Ruth, Martin u Saxon, Anthony M. u Saxon, Charles W. u Sayler, Alexander u Schane, Charles u Schausten, Herman (( Sheldon, Lemuel u Shehan, James u Smith, Eugene L. u Stone, James E. u Stein, Peter u Sutton, Harvey • u Taylor, Charles L. u Thomas, William a Tompkins, Daniel W. u Truax, Charles F. u Walters, Henry D. u Wagner, Benjamin L, _ u Weidabush, Henry a Wheeler, Oscar (( Wilson, Daniel H. a Wilkes, Martin K. u Williams, John W. a Wilson, Alexander a Wolever, John u Wood, Lewis u Disch. Jan. 12, '63 — disability. Ap'd 1st Srg.; mus. out June 25,'64. Discharged Sept. 17, '61 — disability. Mustered out June 25, '64. Transfer'd Y. R. C, April 10, '64. Discharged Sept. 11, '62 — disability ► Mustered out June 25, '64. Died in Hospital, Corinth. Miss., '62 Deserted, Nashville, March, 25, '62. Veteran; trans'd 17th R. May 31, 64. Ap'd Corp.; must, out June 25, '64. Discharged Feby. 3, '63 — disability. Died, Murfreesboro, '63. Discharged Aug. 11, '62 — disability. Mustered out June 25, '64. Discharged, July 14,'62 — disability. Nov. 19, '61 a a u Deserted, Louisville, Oct. 1, '62. Mustered out June 25, '64. Ap'd Corporal; disch. July 10, '63. Discharged, 1864. Discharged Dec, '61 — disability. Deserted, Louisville, Oct. 1, '62. Discharged, July 14, '62 — disability. Deserted, June 12, '62. App'd Corp.; must, out June 25,'64. Missing, Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Discharged Dec. 30, '61 — disability. Discharged, Feb. 4, '63. Deserted, Louisville, Oct. 1, '62. Mustered out June 25, '64. Killed, Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, '63. Transferred V. R. C, Aug. 5, '63. Discharged Aug. 11, '62 — disability. Deserted, Chattanooga, Apr. 29, '64. Mustered out June 25, '64. Discharged, Nov, 19^ '61-=-disabrty^ MILITARY RECORD. 327 RECRUITS. Green, Andrew J. June 14, '61 ; Deserted. Mudge, LeanderFeb. 17, '62; Died, Evansville, May 20, '62. Maxwell, Robert Aug. 30, '62; Transfer'd 17th Reg., May 31, "64. Sheldon, Jonathan Oct. 31, '62; " " " " Thurber, Elmer Feb. 19, '62; " " Thurber, Joseph B. Sept. 16, '62; " " " " Vannote, Jonathan Feb. 8, '62; Dis. Dec. 16, '62 — disability. Vannote, John Feb. 8, '62; Trs. 17th Regiment, May 31, '64. OFFICERS. William M. Webber, May 2, '62; 2nd Lieut.; promoted Quarter- master; mustered out June 29, '64. Rev. John M. Whitehead, July 15, 1862; Chaplain; mustered out June 29, '64; term expired. Gideon Wonsetler, Nov. 8, '62 ; Ass't Surgeon ; must, out June 29, '64; term expired; re-ent. serv. Sur. 3d Reg. Hancock's Corps. Joel W. Foster, Sept. 10, '61; 2d Lieut,; pro. 1st Lieut, and Capt.; killed at the battle of Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. John H. Smith, Dec. 2, '62; 2d Lieut., pro. 1st Lieut, and Capt.; mustered out June 29, '64; term expired. William L. Cole, Dec. 25, '62; 2d Lieut., promoted 1st Lieut. Thos. N. Graham, March 9, '63 ; 2d Lt., ms. out June 29, '64 ; trm. ex. Reuben S. Weaver, June 14, '61; 1st Lt., resigned March 24, '62, Samuel Burns, " Captain, " Aug. 1, '62. SETENTEENTH REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERVICE. COMPANY "C." Heiser, Frederick W. June 12, '61; Vet.; mus. out Aug. 8, '65. Mackey, William H. " Discharged Oct., '61; disabil'y. Marvin, James N. *' Veteran; must, out Aug. 8, '65. McGraham, McBrown " Vet.; must, out Aug. 24, '65. McKinstry, Nelson " Mustered out June 20, '64. Milner, Jesse B. " Vet.; must, out Aug. 8, '65. Weed, Theodore C. COMPANY ^'D." Martin, Henry J. April 2, '64; Mustered out Aug. 8, '64. 328 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. COMPANY ^'E." Simmons, Enoch Sept. 20, '64; Drafted, mustered out July 8, *65. COMPANY "F." Paddock, Homer June 12, ,61 ; Transferred to Company K. COMPANY "I." Adler, Matthias Nov. 14, '64 ; Died, April 4, '65. Ashton, Marion Oct. 29, '64; Draf'd ; must, out Aug. 8, '65. Bramer, John " 14 " Biggs, Austin " 26 " Baugher, Peter Nov. 11, '64; Substitute; " ' May 30, '65. Kenegar, John Sept. 20, '64; Drafted; mustered out July 8, '65. """■"""" a u ^^g^ 8, '65. Substitute; must'd out " " Kasner, William March 12, Losier, Alpheus Oct. 24, March 11," Lair, John McLain, Israel D. Oct 20, Mow, John A. " 15, " Peoples, Robert " 24, " Soyer, Alpheus " 21, «' Naylor, James " 3, '64. Drury, John T. March 12, '63; IstLiet., honorably dis. June 1, '64. Drafted; must, out July 14, '65. " Aug. 23, " TWENTIETH REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERYICE. COMPANY "E." Abbey, Edward S. July 22, '61; First Sergeant. Crawford, Hiram Thompson, John C. Muir, William R. Woodworth, Leonard Lamb, Alonzo H. Bingaman, David N. Fonstel, Charles Hinstis, George F. Martin, William H. Behan, Samuel E. Cissna, Isaac N. Easton, Nathan B. out May 3, '65. Sergeant; promoted 2nd Lieut. Corporal; Mort. wou'd Gettsburg. Must, out July 29, '64 as private. Captured Spottsylvania ; mustered MILITARY RECORD. 329 Smith, Thomas J. July 22, '61 ; Musician; Veteran. Bixby, Warren D. " " " 20th Regiment, re-org. Powers, John " Wagoner. transferred PRIVATES. Vet.; trans. 20th Reg.; re-organized. Aldrich, Charles July 22, '61. Barkhurst, Amos " Mustered out July 29, '64. Bartow, John D. " Cap. Fredrk'bg; mus. out July 29,'64. Bingaman, John M. " Biser, Daniel " Briley, Elias F. " Bruch, Philip " Burke, Michael '' Burns, Royal S. Carney, Matthew '' Carr, Frazee " Drake, George " Eberly, Jacob " Egan," Michael " Farnsworth, Edward M." '61; of wounds received in action before Richmond. Fraunberg, Chris. July 22, '61; Promoted 2nd Lieutenant. Fuller, Warren " Mustered out July 29, '64. a (.i a Died in hospital, N. Y. Harbor July 9, Gallegan, Michael " Griffin, Patrick " Goodenough, Francis H." Goodsell, Henry M. Hackett, David " Hatfield, William C. " 20th Reg. re-org. Helmouth, Henry " Hendricks, John H. " Hickman, Benjamin F. " Hollingsworth, Reuben " Johnson, George W. " Jones, Charles E. " out May 22, '62. Kennard, David " Kistler, John J. " Legyard, William B. " Lewalter, John " Vet.; transf. 20th Reg., re-organized. Killed, Gettysbuifg. Vet.; wou'd North Anna; transferred Killed, Gettysburg. Vet.; transf. 20th Reg., re-organized. Cap. Mine Run ; mus. out Mar. 18, '65. Capt'd Chicomicomico Island ; must'd Mustered out July 29, '64. 330 'HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Logan, William July 22, Louder, William H. " Lytle, John T. Magnesun, Israel " March, John " McAnany, Peter " McFey, Bernard " Morrow, James " Murphy, Edward " Orb, Fernando C. Paddock, Harvey S. ^' Parker, George M. " out May 22, '62. Peeler, David " Phillips, Oscar Price, Salathiel C. " Raber, Samuel " Reynolds, Christopher " Richards, Benjamin F. " Richardson, Arthur " Riley, Leonard " out May 22, '62. Ruif, Lawrence " out May 22, '62. Sabin, Orlando W. Scanlan, Dennis " Shay, Cornelius " Smith, Andrew J. ^' Smith, Frederick " Smith, Stephen R. " Smith, William '' Snyder, Eli '^ out May 22, '62. St. Clair, Nathan " Swingle, John W. " Tappan, Noah M. " Taylor, John D. '* Travis, Curtis • '* Vandusen, Cornelius '* Vandusen, Dennis F. F." Vandusen, Henry H. " Yerrel Stephen '•^ ■61, Vet.; transf. 20th Reg., re-organized^ Vet.; transf. 20th Reg., re-organized. Mustered out July 29, '64. Veteran. Capt'd Chicomicomico Island; must'd Veteran. Killed, Gettysburg. Mustered out July 29, '64. a li a Capt'd at Chicomicomico Island; mus. U ; u n a Vet.; transf. 20th Reg., re-organized^ Capt'd Chicomicomico Island ; mus. Killed at Gettysburg. Mustered out July 29, '64. Vet.; transf. 20th Reg., re-organized. Veteran. Mustered out July 29, '64. MILITARY RECORD. 331 Washburn, G. W.July 22,'61; Mustered out July 29, '64. Watson, Frank " Weed, Charles F. Whiteraft, Thomas " Whitney, Henry M. " Williams, Frank " Wilson, Ellicott " Wo'd Wilder's; mus. out July 29,'64. Winch, Marquis R. " Mustered out July 29, '64. Young, William " Zimmerman, Thomas '' Zimmerman, William " Vet.; promoted 2d Lieut., Co. "G." RECRUITS. Andrews, Abram C. Jan. 27, '62. Hannah, Andrew J. Dec. 2, '63. Layton, John Jan. 27, '62. COMPANY "F." Travis, Curtis Feb. 20, '64; Veteran; mustered out July 12, '65. Bruch, Phillip Jan. 2, " " " COMPANY "H." Bixbey, Warren D. Feb. 20, '64; Mus'n; vet.; mus. o. July 12, '65. COMPANY "K." Thorp, Love Jan. 7, '64; Vet.; must'd out July 12, '65; disability. Warner, William Feb. 21, '64 '' '< '* MyrCj John, Unassigned Recruit. OFFICERS. James H. Shannon, July 22, '61; Captain, prot'd Maj., Lieut. Col.; resigned June 5, '63; re-entered siervce as Col. 138th Regt. . Orpheus Everts, July 22, '61; Trs. tore-org. Rg.; mus. out with Rg. John E. Sweet, " 2nd Lieut., pro. 1st Lieut, and Capt.; mustered out Oct. 8, '64, term expired. John W. Andrew, July 22, '61 . 1st Lt., killed, Richm. June 20,'62. Hiram Crawford, July 1, '62; 2d Lieut., pro. 1st. Lt., mus. out Oct. 8, '64, term expired. Wm. R. Muir, Nov. 21, '62; 2d Lieut.; resigned Jan. 17, '63. Christoph Fraunberg, Jan. 18, '63; 2d Lieut., pro, IstLt.; must'd out Oct. 10, '64. 332 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Wm. Brown, 2d Lieut.; must, out on consolidation Oct. 29, '64. Harvey S. Paddock, Dec. 14, '64; 2d Lieut, promoted 1st Lieut., and mustered out with Reg. TWENTY-FIRST REGIMENT. UNASSIGNED RECRUITS. Davis, David E. Sept. 23, '64. Golden, AVilliam 22. '64. Goram, John " u Hashbacher, Leonard'' 20, '64. Hall, Horace T. 23, '64. Moran, Thomas " 23, '64. McGrath, Thomas " 23, '64. Reed, George " 24, '64. TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERVICE. COMPANY "F." Mills, Charles Oct. 16, '64; Recruit. TWENTY-SEYENTH REG.— THREE YEARS SERVICE. McKahin, John July 5, '62; 2d Lieut.; promoted Capt.; resigned March 14, '63; re-entered service as Capt. of 138th Reg, TWENTY-NINTH REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERVICE. Morey, Ira S. Aug. 30, '61'; Qua'r-master; discharged Dec. 8, '62. Tymeson, Cornelius •• '61; Commissary Sergeant. Griffith, John C. Sept. 13; Hospital Steward; prot'd Asst. Surg. COMPANY ''A." Berger, Nelson Jan. 3, 65; Recruit; mus. out Dec. 2, '65, substitute. Van Ankin, Geo. L. •• COMPANY "C." Cogley, Thomas S. Aug. 30, '61; 1st Serg.; dis. Dec. 30, '62. MILITARY RECORD. 333 Nevins, Walter Aug. 27, '61; Ser Burch, Leroy S. Gates, Columbus Aug.26,'61 ; Van AVert, William g., died Nolin, Ky., Nov. 14, '61. ■• Murfreesboro, May 14, '63. •• mustered out Aug. 26, '64. • disch. Dec. 30, '62, disability. CORPOKALS. Lock, Samuel L. Aug. 30, '61 ; Beach, David F. Aug. 27, '61 ; Booth, Henry L. " Shoemaker, F. A. Sept. 3, •• Match ett, Benjamin *' 4, Williams, Davis Aug. 27, Shoemaker, Daniel " Brink, James W. •• 30, •• Comfort, Richard W. Sep. 9 - Deserted April 30, '62. Died May 26,'62, wo'd rec. Shiloh. Reduced, disc. Nov. 6, '63. Des. and ret'r, mus. out Sep. 2, '64. Discharged Feb. 26, '63, disability. Nov. 10, '62 Must. out. Aug. 26, '64, as Serg't. Musician ; discharged July 23, '62. 16, •• Chappell, John H. Wagoner, transferred, Co. "I. PEIYATES. Backhaus, William Oct. 3, '61 Barnes, Fernando 0. Aug. 27, •• Batch, Frank Sept. 2, •• Batch, John Boardman, Sam'l H. Sept. 9, •• Bowen. Isaac W. Aug. 27, *• Bookhout, Chas. H. Sept. 16, •• Burdick, John Sept. 26, •• Burdick, Loray M. Budd. Henrv C. Sept. 4, •• Burch, Gilford D. Aug. 30, - Brj'ant, David P. Sept. 15, *• Brown, Bergen H. Aug. 30, •• Corkins, Charles Sept. 4, •• Crane, William H. Sept. 7, •* Crane, Alexanders. Sept. 19, •• Dorland, George C.Sept. 19, •• Fessenden, Geo. W.Sept. 10, •• Goodman, Jeremiah Oct. 15, " Grover, Peter Aug. 27, " Hendricks, August. Sept. 21, •• Holtorf, John C. Aug. 27, - Holmes, Harvey Huffman, James M. Sept. 18, •* Hull, Adam Sept. 19, - ; Mustered out Oct. 2, '64. .. 26 •• Vet.; must, out Dec. 2, '6d, Sergt. Mustered out Sept. 8, '64. Ap. Ser.; mis'g in action, Chicm'a. Vet.; mus. out Dec. 2, '65 as Serg. Discharged June 11, '64. Killed at Shiloh, April 7, '62. Veteran ; mustered out Dec. 7, '65. Cap. Chi'm.; mus. out Feb. 20,'65. Discharged May 15, '62'; disability. Discharged Dec. 30,'62; Discharged July 2, 62; Mus. out with Regt. as Q. M. Sergt. Discharged July 12, '62; disability. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. Veteran; mustered out Dec. 2, '65. Discharged — '62 ; disability. Discharged July 23, '62 " Veteran; deserted Aug. 2, '65. Veteran ; mustered out Dec. 26, '65. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. 334 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Johnson, John W. Aug. 31, '61 Jessup, Benjamin F. Sept. 9, •• Kish, Stephen Sept. 3, •• Lawrence, George McLane, Alonzo Sept. 22, •• McLane, Richard Sept. 21, •• MandeYille,Jac. W.Aug. 30, •• Mandeville, R. S. Aug. 27, •• Marr, Thomas Michael, John H. Miller, Alonzo Sept. 17, •• Nelson, James M. Sept. 20, •• Preston, James H.Sept. 9, •• Romans, Theo. D. Sept. 11, •• Shafer, John Sept. 5, •* Shoemaker, J. W. Aug. 27, *• Sigrider, Adam Taylor, Wm. W. Sepf 3, •• Toyne, William Sept. 21, - Troxel, Jacob A. Vanderwalker, M. Aug. 30, •• Wickham, C. J. Sept. 19, •• Winchell, F. M. Aug. 27, - Worden, Clinton F. ; Vet.; mus. out Dec. 2, '65, as Corpl. Discharged. Killed at Shiloh, April 7, '62. Discharged ; disability. Died Sept. 21, '62. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Discharged; disability. wounds rec. at Shiloh. Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Vet.; mus. out Dec. 2, '65, 1st Serg. Discharged ; disability. Veteran; mustered out Dec. 2, '6b. Discharg. July 12, '62; disability. Mustered out Feb. 16, '65. Must, out Feb. 20, '65, as Sergeant. Pro. Captain 7th Cavalry. Killed at Stone River Dec. 31, '62. Vet.; mus. out Dec. 2, '6b as Corpl. Discharged Dec. 12, '62 ; disability. Vet.; mus. out Dec. 2, '65, as Sergt. Discharged ; disability. Veteran ; mustered out Dec. 2, '65. Died at Nolin, Ky., Jan. 12, '62. RECRUITS. Burch, Philander C.Jan. 13, '62; Dis. 63 ; wounds rec, Stone River. English, William Feb. 13, '64; Mustered out Dec. 2, '65. Love, Albert P. Feb. 16, '65; COMPANY "G." Coffin, Griffin A. Sept. 5, '61; 1st Serg., promoted 2d Lieut. Sturges, Alonzo Feb. 21, •• Serg.; dis. June 24, '62; disability. Holland, John E. •• •• •• 23, - CORPORALS. Bushnell, Orsamus Sept. 27, 61 ; Died Fb. 2, '63; wo'd rec. Sto. Riv. Beahm, James 0. Oct. 1, - Veteran; pro. 1st Lieut. Co. "L" Harris, Oscar Aug. 27, •• Reduced; must'd out Aug. 27, '64. Martin, Hiram H. •• .. Dischar'd June 24, '62; disability. Weed, Catlin Sept. 12, - Steel, Austin Aug. 27, •• Musician. MILITARY RECORD. 335 PRIVATES. Blackwell Chas. H. Aug. 29,'61 Billfer, John Aug. 27, " Bennett, John A. Sept. 15, •• Baxter, Harrison Sept. 17, •• Bishop, Ciiarles Aug. 27, *• Clark, David C. Oct. 1, - €oilins, George A. Sept. 12, •• Charlesworth, H. Sept. 12, •• Clymer, Henry Aug. 27, ** Davis, Chris. L. Sept. 21, •• Dunn, Henry Aug. 27, ** Eggenburger, Andrew •• Evans, Sherry Grice, David Sept. 17, •■ Hunt, Michael Sept. 30, •• Huntly, John F. Sept. 7, " Hyde, Kenyon Aug. 30, •• Lehman, John Sept. 6, •• Lewis; Charles Aug. 30, •• Lightfoot Simeon Aug. 27, •• Love, David M. Sept. 2, •• Love, James McCormack, Aug. 29, •• McDonald, Sept. 7, - Megraw, James C. Oct. 1, •• Mackey,' Philander Aug. 27, •• Maudlin, Benj. S. Oct. 15, •• Morton, Geo. W. Sept. 6, •• Norwood, Edward Oct. 15, " Palmer, Sylvanus Oct. 15, •• Plummer, John W. Oct. 1, *• Popp, Conrad Sept. 21, '• Roberts, Hugh Aug. 27, •• Rollins, Stephen A.Aug. 27, •• Rhodes, David Aug. 27, •• Saybould, William Sept. 13, •• Sharpe, Benj. F. Aug. 29, •• Sent, Martin Sept. 20, •• Snyder, Michael Oct. 15, - Trull, Willard Sept. 17, - Tennis, William Sept. 28, •• ; Vet.; mustered out Dec. 2, '65. Missing Chicmga. Sept. 19, '63. Disch. Dec. 9, '62 : disability. Disch. March 13, '63 ; disability. Deserted Oct. 9, '62. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. Vet.; must, out Dec. 2, '65, as Serg. Mustered out June 26, '65. Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Discharged May 20, '62; disability. Vet.; mus. out Dec. 2, '65 as Corpl. Vet.; died Augusta Ga.,Oct. 24,'65. Discharged Feb. 22, '62 ; disability. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. Deserted Aug. 1, '63. Cap. Chicm.; mus. out Feb. 27, '65. Trans, to V. R. C, Dec. 19, '63. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. Dis. — , '64, as exchanged nrisoner. Trans. U. S. Navy Sept. 1, '63. Vet.; must, out Dec. 2, '65. Discharged Dec. 12, '62; disability. Died at Nashville, Jan. 8, '63. Mustered out Aug. 27, '64. Discharged April 27,62; disability. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. Died at Nashville, Sept. 18, '62. . Deserted Oct. 19, '61. Discharged June 18, '62 ; disability. .. 17 .. .. 1(3 .. Died at Chattanooga, Nov. 30, '63. Vet.; must, out Dec. 2, '65, Serg't. Must, out Sept. 26, '64, as Serg't. Vet.; deserted July 27, '65. Mustered out Sept. 26, '64. Transferred to V. R. C. '63. Died at Nashville. Deserted Oct. 9, '62. 336 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Towleton, Henry Oct. 24, '61 Williams, Geo. W. Aug. 27, - Ward, James Aug. 27, •• Warnock, Allen W. Oct. 1, - Watson, John C. Oct. 7, •• Wheaton, Joseph W. •• 9, •• Woodard, George " 12, •• Vet.; must, out Dec. 2, '65. Discharged March, 11, '63; disab'y. Died, And's'ville. pris. Oct. 1, '64. Discharged June 1, '63 ; disability. Dec. 1, '62; A^et.; mustered out Dec. 2, '65. Discharged Oct. 10, '62 ; disability. RECRUITS. Black, William Feb. 17, '64; Died at Chattanooga July 4, '64. Baker, John D. •• Must, out Dec. 2, '65, as Corporal. Batch, Joseph April 4, '64; Closser, Orren L. Feb. 17, •• Costello, James Culp, Shelton L. Mar. 10, - Clarkson,Wm. T. Jan. 3, '65; - - - drafted. Fogus, Jasper Feb. 17, '64; Died, Dec. 9. '64 at Nashville. Finley, Albert A. •• •• Must, out Sept. 21, '65, as Corpr'l. Firll, Thos. W. -18, •• - Dec. 2, '65. Fields, John D. April 4, •• •• •• - Humble, B. Jan. 3, '65: •' •• " drafted. Harding, H. G. Mar. 10, '64; Kramer, Andrew Jan. 3, '65; Moore, John Feb. 16,'64; Mooro, Thomas Feb. 17, •• Moore, William Norris, Artemas " 18, •• Wells, Americus •• 17, •• York, Robert J. June 20, '63; July 18, '65, drafted. Dec. 2, •• Deserted Oct. 15, '65. Died, Chattanooga, July 10, '64. Must'd out Dec. 2, '65, as Corporal. Musician. COMPANY ^'H." Brainard, Gilbert Sep. 12, '61; Sergeant; discharged July 23, '62, PRIVATES. Barnes, John Nov. 7, '61 ; Discharged May 2, '62. Bowden, E. L. Sept. 12, • W. J. Lehmer, Isaac Moore, Andrew J. •• 25, Noricks, William Aug. 27, Deserted Oct. 9, '61. Discharged April 19, '63. Captured, Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Trs. Co. "I.,"dis. Sept. 13,'62; disy MILITARY RECORD. 337 Sulkman, Wm. Sept. 25, '61 ; Dropped from rolls Aug. 18, '62. Thompson, Phil. Aug. 27, •• Died at Camp Nevin, Ky. Wilber, Seth Sept. 25, •• - •• •• Jap. 24/62. RECKUITS. Barlett, Daniel Dec. 31, '61; Discharged May 15, '62; disability. Dixon, Richard H. •• 4, •• •• March 7, '63. English, William Jan. 1,'62; - June 1, '62. Haskins, John A. •• 2, •• Transferred to '' G." Liggett, Joseph Nov. 28, '61 ; Discharged March 7, '63. Meeker, Frank Dec. 10, •• Vet.; must, out Dec. 2, '65 as Sergt. Robinson, John W. •• 31, •• Discharged Aug. 5, '62; disability. School, Joseph •• 9, •• COMPANY -L" Flucard, John Aug. 29,'61; 1st Serg.; disch. Dec — ,'61; disability. PRIVATES. Conway, Patrick Aug. 27, '61 ; Deserted Sept. 28, '62. Eavers, John •* •• Died at Shiloh, April 26, '62. Tucker, Charles F. •• 30, •• Promoted 1st Lieut. Co. "A." Tennis, John Oct. 31, •• Recruit; mustered out Nov. 6, '64. COMPANY ''K. " Parker, Geo. W. Sep. 20,'61; Corporal; discharged Feb. 22, '62. OFFICERS. S. 0. Gregory, Aug. 27, " 2d Lieut.; pro. Capt. Co. '^F.," trans. to Co. "C," promoted Lieut. Col. and Colonel. James L. Angell, Aug. 30, '61; Adjutant, resigned, Aug. 20, '62. Griffin A. Coffin. May 16, '62; 2d Liput., pro. 1st Lieut, and Adju. honorably dicharged January 7, '65. Samuel A. Bagley, May 5, "65; Adju.; must, out with Regt., pro. from Sergeant 5th Cavalry. Asa H. Matthews, Aug. 27, '61; Quartermaster, died April '62. Lorenzo S. Keene, Oct. 24, •• Asst. Surgeon; promoted Surgeon; resigned Jan. 7, '63. Tompkins Higday, ; Surg.; commissioned Jan. 29, '63. L. C. Rose, ; Comis. Apr. 26, *62, ad. Ast.^Surg. Theophilus Fravel, ; Commiss'ed April 22, '6f>, as Asst. Surgeon, declined May 12, "65. Thomas Marr, March 27, '6o; 2d Lieutenant. Charles F. Tucker, Jan. 17, " 1st 22 338 HISTORY or la porte county. Patrick Hays, April 11, "64; 1st Lieutenant; promoted Captain. Fred. A. Claik, Aug. 27, '61 ; Capt., resigned April 10, '64. Silas F. Allen, •• - '^ wo'd Sliiloh, res. Feb. 11/64. George W. Maloon, •• •• 2d Lieut, pro. 1st Lieut, and Capt.; honorably discharged Nov. 16, '64. John W. Vanderhoof, Feb. 6, '63; 2d Lieut., resigned 1863. Christopher L. Davis, May 2, •• •• promoted 1st Lieut.; resigned Nov. 14, '64. Frank Stebbins, Aug. 27, '61; 1st Lieut., promoted Capt.; killed at Murfreesboro, Dec. 31, '62. John S. Fosdick, Aug. 27, ^61; Capt., resigned May 16, '62. Oscar B. Rockwell, March 27, '65; Captain. John Cutler, May 17, 1862; 2d Lieut., pro. 1st Lieut, and Capt.; killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 19, "63. Edwin Henderson, April 4, '63; 2d Lt., pro. 1st Lt., res. Nov. 13, "64 Lafayette Keys, Jan. 17, '65; 1st Lieutenant, promoted Captain. THIRTIETH REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERVICE. COMPANY -C." Joseph S. Murray, Jan. 12, '63; Wagoner; must, out Nov. 25, '65. THIRTY-SECOND REGIMENT. OFFICERS. Jacob Langacher, May 1, "64; 2d Lieut.; prom'd Capt.; honorably discharged June 27, '65. Anion Sherman, Aug. 24, '64; 2d Lieut.; promoted 1st Lieut. Edward Hecker, March '' " '• '' THIRTY-THIRD REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERVICE. COMPANY -D." RECRUITS. Guthrie, David B. Feb. 6, '65; Mustered out July 21, '65. Jacobus, Francis Oct 13, '64; " " '' Smith, Lewis " 15, " " " " MILITARY RECORD. 339 COMPANY "K." RECRUITS. Alexander, Andrew H. Jan. 4, '65; Must, out July 21, '65; subst. Newburn, .AVilliam March 3, '' " " " Dowdell, William " 9, " " " '' OFFICERS. James H. Durham, Sept. 6, '61; Adjutant; resigned Oct. 17,62. THIRTY-FOURTH REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERYICE. COMPANY ^'E." Montgomery, Jasper M. Sept. 21, '63; Mustered out Feb. 3, '66. THIRTY-FIFTH REGIMENT— THRIVE YEARS SERYICE. COMPANY ''B." Sherkey, John Dec. 12, '61; Corporal; mustered out Feb. 16, '65. PRIVATES. Hays, Andrew Dec. 12, '61; Mustered out Nov. 6, '64. Murphy, James " " Died at Andersonville, Oct. 14, '64. Murphy, Francis '^ " " " " 31, " O'Donnell, Edward " Mustered out May 29, '65. Parkinson, Amasa " Killed at Stone River, Jan. 2, '63. Snyder, Adam " Mustered out Oct. 22, '64. Sheppard, John '' Vet. ; trans'd to U. S. Inf. Nov.— '62. RECRUITS. Burgess, James April 30, '62 ; Musterd out March 1, '65. Bell, Edward " Deserted '62. Flinn, James Feb. 12, '62; " June 63. Scott, Timothy Jan 11, 65; '^ " 21, 65; Substitute. COMPANY '^C." • Smith, Thomas Dec. 11, '61 ; Serg.; Mustered out Oct. 16, '64. Barton, John " " disc. March 25, '63; disabily. Smith, Edward H. " Corp.; mustered out Oct. 16, '64. Brown, Thomas M. " " Disc. April 19, '63; disabil'y. Williams, Jacob Dec. 11, '61; Wagoner, disc. March 10, '62; dis'y. 340 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Allen, William Bishop, Joseph Briggs, Luther Hart, Bartholemew Mush, Charles Morrison James L. McCollum, Frederick Murphy, Henrj O'Brien, Patrick Parker, Jesse Phillips, Albert Ryan, Thomas Rickes, Richard Riley, Thomas Steuben, Matthias Taber, Wm. D. * Wagoner, John Whiteman, Charles Q. M. Sergeant. PRIVATES. Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Mustered out Oct. 16, '64. Died at Louisville Feb. 12, '62. Dropped from rolls Aug. 18, "62, Killed at Stone River Jan. '63. Discharged Feb. T, 63; disabilitv. Aug. 18, 62; Dishonorably disc. April 8, "63. Discharged April 21, '64; , '64. Died at Mumfordsville, Ky. — .'62. Mustered out Dec. 12, '64. Deserted Nov. — , '61. Died' at Mumfordsville, Ky. — ,'62. A^eteran; mustered out Sept. 30,6.5. Vet.; dis. May 17, 'Qd; disability. Deserted from hospital, — , '62. Vet.; pro. 2d Lieutenant. Deserted — , '62. Vet.; mus. out Sep. 30, '65, 1st Srg, Died at Bardstown, K}^, — , '62. Discharged — , '62; disability. u u a Killed at Stone River, Jan. 2, '63. Discharged — , '62; disability. Vet.; mustered out Sept. 30, '6b. Vet.; transferred V. R. C. Vet.; mustered out Sept. 30, '65. " must, out Sept. 30, '65, Corp. Sent to Insane Asylum, Wash. .'62. Mustered out Dec. 19, '64. Discharged — , '62. Vet.; mus. out Sep. 30, '65 as Serg. Died Feb. — ,'63, wo'd Stone River. Deserted July 6, '62. Discharged — . '62 ; disability. Never reported. Discharged — ,'63; disability. RECRUITS. Erown, Otto Jan. 20, '65; Deserted June 16, '65; substitute. Custer, John P. '' 14, " Died at New Orleans July 8,'65; subst. Daily, James June 17, '63 ; Deserted May 26, '6o. 342 HISTORY OF LA PROTE COUNTY. Schneider, Wm. Jan. 17, '65; Mustered out Sept. 30, '6b; substitute. Tyrrell, Gilbert R. " 26,'64; Trs. to V. R. C. Oct. 8, '64; wounds. Wixon, Wm. S. July 15, '^ Mustered out Sept. 30, '65. Winsby, Joseph Jan. 28, " '' " " OFFICERS. John C. Walker, Dec. 11, '61 ; Colonel. John W. Cummins, " 1st Lieut.; resig'd March 23, '63. William Allen, June 17, '6/>; 2d " pro. 1st Lieut, and Capt. resigned July 2, '65. William Hipwell, Dec. 11, '61; Capt.; resigned Nov. 26, 62. Sohn Scully, ; 1st Lieutenant. Charles E. Galezio, Dec. 11, '61; 2nd Lieut.; resigned July 28,'62. William Whiteman, April 5, '63; 2d Lieut., pro. 1st Lt. and Capt. Samuel Lockard, July 19, '64; 1st Lieut., must, out with Regiment. William H. Patton, Dec. 11,'61; 2d '' William Kelly, May 1, '65; ' " " " Richard W. Cummins, Jan. 2, '62; '' resigned April 8, '62. Thomas Price, Nov. 15, '61; Capt.; dismissed March 18, *63. THIRTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERYICE. COMPANY "C." Selvage, Wm. H. Oct. 17, '64; Recruit; mus. out June 26, '65, draf. COMPANY "D." Huntly, Nehemiah Nov. 10, '64; Dis. June 9,'65; disability; draft. COMPANY ^^E." Kenzie, Isaac Nov. 10, '64; Mustered out July 15, '6d; drafted. Miles, John Oct. 27, " Never reported to company. Michael, Abraham Nov. 10, '64; Mustered out July 15,'65; drafted. Matthews, John Oct. 27, " '' " June 26, COMPANY ''L" RECRUITS. Buel, Edwin P. Sept. 28, '64; Mustered out July 15, '65; drafted. Kile, Ransom Nov. 10, 64; " " " •' Russell, Thomas Sept. 28, '64; " " " " Trager, Charles Oct. 27, " Died at Washington, June 8, '65. Van Loom, Samuel M. Oct. 26, '64; Must. July 15, '65; drafted. MILITARY RECORD. 348- FORTY-SECOND REGIMENT— THEEE YEAR8 SERVICE. COMPANY "B. " Cole, Nelson V. Sept. 19, '63; Mustered oat July 21, '6^5. COMPANY ''C." RECRUITS. Blocher, John H. Sept. 19, '63; Mustered out July 21, 65. Denny, Milton J. April 8, '64; " -' drafted. Fletcher, Jesse Oct. 17, " " June 18, '65 " Husselman, John Sept. 27, " " '' " Hissong, Jacob " ''• '* " '' Kinneball, Jonas Oct. 9, " '' " " 21 COMPANY "D." Burdick, Francis M. Nov. 24, '64; Must out July 15, '65; substit. Grooms, Benjamin Oct. 18, Grooms, James " 28, Moler, Andrew Nov. 22 Michler, Joseph Sept. 28, Newcomer, Edward Nov. 17, Newer, John W. " 11, Neel, Samuel •' 23, Peach, Charles Oct. 11, Reynolds, John B. Nov. 22, Shaur, John B. " Scroggs, Daniel C. " 23, Stellman, Solomon Oct. 29, Shero, Noah W. Sept. 24, Worthley, Albert H. Nov. 16, Zimmeth, John Nov. 11, u u u a a u " June 18, •65; drafted. a u a substit, '' July 13, " June 18, U a drafted, u u u 27 (( ii. ii. " July 21,' a ii. a u a ii. a u u a a " June 18, a ii a " July 21, u substit. drafted. COMPANY "E." RECRUITS. Ackley, Jacob Sept. 19, '63; Mustered out July 21, '66, Bunnell, George B, Nov. 24, '64; " " " " Eberly, Jacob " " " June 18 " substitute. Wells, Theodore H. Sept. 19, '63; " July 21 " B44 HISTORY OF LA PROTE COUNTY. COMPANY "F." Jones, Allen A. Nov. 12, '64; Mustered out June 18, 'Qo; drafted. Knight, Joseph Nov. 20, " Kenneger, Philip Oct. 14, '' " Kroh, Michael Oct. 29, " Kettle, Peleg Nov. 14, Mingos, Balsar " '' " " " substit. Marion, Orson Nov. 28, " Deserted June 25, '65. COMPANY "G." Burgett, Philip Dec. 25, '63; Recruit, mustered out July 21, '65. Brown, William Feb. 15, '64; " " " Jones, Aaron T. Aug. 13, '62; '' " " " COMPANY "H." -- Big, John Dec. 30, '63; Mustered out July 21 Bumstead, Wm. F. " " Brown, Wm. March 12, '64; " Brown, Daniel L. " 23, " " " Oampbell, Benjamin F. Dec. 30,'63; Clark, Erskine 0. Carpenter, Daniel March 12, '64; Fessenden, George N. Sep. 19, '63 ; Grover, Stephen K. Dec. 30, " Harvey, Anson " " Merrill, Wallace Oct. 14, '64; Mishler, Daniel " 26, " Martin, William Sept. 20. " Nichols, John Oct. 26, O'Hara, Martin Nov. 26, " Price, James K. Nov. 16, " Purley, William Sep. 20, " Ricker, George Nov. 11, " Rayhouser, Messiah "16, " Stuntz, John Oct. 14, " Snyder, Philip Nov. 16, " Sneckenberger, John " " Shell, John " Turner, Francis April 28, " Titus, Horace W. Dec. 30,'63; Teeple, Charles B. " " June 18, 65. drafted, substitute. 65 ; drafted. " substitute. Never reported to company ; substit. Mustered out July 21, '65: drafted. " June 18, " July 21, " MILITRAY RECORD. '^45 Tinkham Lorenzo Nov. 16, '64; Mustered out June 18, '65; drafted. Wise, Barnard Dec. 30, '63; Wilson, Milton H. Mar. 12, '64; '^ Warden, Charles G. Dec. 30,'63; '' YYdiuci, ^^ ^^ ^, substitute. Wantzel, John Nov 23 64 , ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^ Whitmer, Adam Oct. 14, ^^ ^_ ^^ ^^ ^^ Winnegar, George " 27, " Wolf, Samuel Nov. 16, " Winnegar, George " 27, ' Wolf, Samuel Nov. 16, - ;;^ ;; Wilson, Isaac '" '' ^^ ,^;. ^t Wo.^ P>.nir.J. '• " " " June2o, 6o, Ward, Philip J. COMPANY "I." RECRUITS. Arbite Henry Feb.-19,'64; Mustered out July 21, '65; di-afted^ srsrw.r.^" » 7 '--Si!: Fradenburg, Spencer Feb. 27,'64 ; " Ju y 21, Richards, Clark R. Sept. 12 '63;- COMPANY "K." Leslie, John H. Dec. 16,'63. Mustered out July 21, '65. Pyle, Abraham C. Aug. 20, '63 ; " FORTY-FOURTH REOIMENT-THREE YEARS SERVICE. COMPANY ''A." Crow, John T. Nov. 22, '61; Vet.; mustered out Sept. 14. '65. COMPANY ''H." Elya, Orson Nov. 22, '61; Discharged. — ^ . ♦ . THIRD CAYALBY-(FORTT.FirTH) REGIMENT. Brusie, Luther Oct. 22, "61; Ass't Surg.; resigned Nov. 29, '62. FORTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. Collins, Samuel B. March 16. '64; Recruit; must, out June 14, '65. Gaddis, John W. Jan. 3. J"ly 1'^' 346 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY, COMPANY '-C." Brand. Nelson S. Dec. 24, '61; 1st Sergeant; promoted 2d Lieut. Chambers, George N. •• A"et.; must, out July 15,'65; Serg. Richards, Daniel Oct. 8, '62; Mustered out July 15, '65. Waxham, Alfred Dec. 24, '61; Died atPaducah, Ky., Apr. 27. '62. COMPANY "D. Falk, Charles Jan. 1, '62; Smith, Charles L. " Austin, Alexander B. " Squier, Edwin V. Jan. 1, 'i Warner, Willard Johnson, Andrew Winch, Flavins J. Haradon, Charles W. Walker, Frank York, John 1st Serg.; promoted 2d Lieutenant. Serg't; died. St. Louis, Mo., July 15, '68 '' promoted 2d Lieutenant. CORPORALS. )2; Vet.; mus. out July 15, 'Qh, Sergeant Brinkerhoff, Herman C. Champion's Hill. Brown, Elijah B. Feb. 11, '62; Clark, Lewis Jan. 1, Craig, Abel M. - 30, Fogus, Abram •• 1, Francis, Nath'l •• 27, Frame, Noah Feb. 10, Hutchinson, Jno. R. Jan. 1,'62 Loomis, Chauncey McCormick, William Merrill, Alonzo Nick, Jacob Robinson, William Scott, Zimri Shead, McDonald Shead, George W. Smith, Charles R. Feb. 1, '62 Spang, Joseph Jan. 1, '62; Stock dale, William Tappan, Julius C. Died at Evansville, Aug. 8, '62. Killed at Corinth, Oct. 4, •• Musician; deserted Sept. '63. Wagoner; Vet. mus. out July 15,'65. PRIVATES. Feb. 1,'62; Died May 17,63; wou'd rec. Died, Memphis, Aug. 7, '63, woud's. Trans, to V. R. C. Nov. 22, '63. Died, Paducah, Ky., March 1, '62. Discharged Feb. 23, '63. Trans, to V. R. C. Nov. 22, '63. Vet.; mus. out July 15, '65, as Corp'l. ; Discharged. Vet.; dis. Aug. 21, '64; disability. Discharged March 18, '63- Trs. to V. R. C, Nov. 22, '63. Killed at luka, Sept. 19, '62. Vet.; must, out July 15, '65. Died at home Jan. 1, '62. Vet.; mus. out July 15, '65. Discharged Aug. 8, '62. Vet.; must, out July 15, '65. •' disch. May 26, '65; disability. MILITARY RECORD. 34T Taylor, Henry Jan 20, Teeter, Renwick Jan. 27, Teeter, Philip F. Feb. 17, Teeter, William •• 19^ Teeter, Walter Jan. 27, Warner, Cyprian]G. Jan. 1 Warner, James Harvey " Welch, Josiah West. Ebenezer C. Jan. 20 '62; Killed at luka. Miss., Sept. 19, '62 •• Vet.; must. July 15, '65, as Serg't •• Killed at luka, Miss., Sept. 19. '62 •• Discharged May — , '63. •• Died, Memphis. Tenn., July 22,'63 •• Trs. to V. R. C. Sept. —'63. •• Discharged Jan. 25, '63. Died on hospital boat, June 27, '63 , •• Discharged Jan. 21, '63. RECRITITS. Burgland, Olof March 18, '64; Must, out July 15, '65, princ. Musi. Brewer, John W. Feb. 24, •• •• •• •• CorporaL Hews, W^illiam H. Oct. 6, '62; Johnson, Andrew Mar. 18, '64; OFFICERS. Tompkins Higday, Additional Assistant Surgeon. Daniel Crumpacker, Dec. 24, '61; Captain, resigned July 9, '62. Orson W^ilson, Jan. 1, '62; Captain, resigned Jan. 22, '63. Derrick Brinkerhoff, •* 2d Lieut., pro. 1st Lieut, and Cap.; res. July 22, '63. Jasper Packard, •• 1st •* Co. D., prom. Capt. Co. B., and Lieutenant Colonel 128th Regiment. Peter J. Howe, May 20,'65; 1st Lieut.; must, out with Regiment. Alexander B. Austin, May 1, '64; •• Co. D., pro. Capt. Co. C; mustered out with Regiment. Alvah H. Palmer, Dec. 17, '64; •• must'd out with Regiment, Nelson S. Brand, July 21, '62; 2d Lieut; resigned Dec. 10, 62, Charles Falk, ; 2d Lieut.; died wounds, received at Corinth, FIFTY-EIOHTH REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERTICE. COMPANY "D." RECURITS. Albert, Martin G., Oct. 21, '64 ; Discharged June 25, '65. Cramer, Jonathan •• Mustered out Chase, John H. Coleman, Stephen Cusick, David Freese, William 348 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY '64: Discharged July 25, '65 : drafted. June July June July June German, John W. Oct. 21 Hifegg, Eli Helminger, Philip Kreighbaum, Andrew Miser, John McDuffie, Henson Meessersmith, Ephraim Ryan, Joseph Roning, Abraham Riley, Absalom Rice, Francis A. Strohecker, Adain Taylor, Jerrod Warner, William COMPANY "F." Hindman, James Oct. 21, '64; Mustered out July 6, '65. Steele, Eli :^o. FIFTY-NINTH REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERYICE. COMPANY ^'0. " RECRUITS. Bennett, Samuel Feb. 15, 'Qd: Mustered out July 17, '65; drafted. Chambers, Elias Dec. 9, '64; Dawson, George Gallegan, Joseph H. Jan.21," Rebstock, Samuel COMPANY '^H." McLaughlin, x^Ludrew AprilSO, '62; Vet.; must, out July 17, '65. RECRUITS. Baker, Warren, March 15, '64; Mustered out July 17, '65. Davis, Samuel D. April 28, '62; Mustered out July 17, '65. Heldrith, Daniel March 15, '64; •• Pease, Charles B. •• •• •• •• Serg't. COMPANY ''K. ' RECRUITS. Blessing, Lewis Jan. 6, '6o; Mustered out July 17, '6''): substitute. MILITARY RECORD. 349 Dawson, George Dec. 9/64; Mustered ou^R)iily 17, '65; drafted. Lunday, Frederick Mc Gee, Elislia "'62; John B. Simpson, April 27, '62.; Cap.: pro. Maj.; miis. out with Rg. SEYENRY-THIRD REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERYICE. COMPANY "A." Johann, Peter Aug. 16, '62; Mustered out July 1, '65. COMPANY "B.- Monday, John W. Aug. 16, "62; 1st Serg.; pro. 2d Lieutenant. Penwell, Lewis T. •• Serg't; mustered out July 1, '65. Boyce, Lourine S. •• •• dis. Nov. 29, '92; disability. Kierstead, James H. •• •• promoted 2d Lieutenant. Hoover, George Aug. Powell, Walter Frazier, Thomas Bentz, Frank Graham, Charles E. Walker, Obadiah Wells, Araericus Wells, Hannibal Mix, Elon Ballou, Ambrose Aug. Beuford, William Berkstahler, August Bogardus, William B. Bowen, x\lexander Bow en, Benton Briggs, Francis W. Burlet, Joseph A. Cassaday, William L. Clark, Horace Colman, John Coll or, Henry Collor, Luther CORPORALS. 16, '62; Mus'erd out July 1, '65, as private. Sergeant. Died, Cincinnati, 0-, Jan — , '63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Des'ted, Columbia, Ky., Oct. 25,'62. Mus. out July 1, '65, as 1st Sergeant. Mus'n; discharged June 9, '63. died, Louisville, Aug. 26, '62. Wag.; died. New Albany, Ind., — '62. PRIVATES. 16,62; Died, Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 20,'63. Feb. 9, '63. Discharged March 27, '63. Trans, to V. E. C. Oct. 30, '63. Must, out July 1, '65, as Corporal. Discharged March 27, '63. Discharged Jan. 2, '63. April 22, '63. Nov. 4, '62. Must, out July 1, '65. as Corporal. Died, Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 11, '62. 350 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Cooper, William Aug. 16, Coppock, Nathan W. Cornelius, Ephriam C. Cross, James Davidson, Giles Drown, John W. Dolph, David East!.>n, William P. Fields, Lorenzo Frazier, Milton E. Freeze, Christopher Harris, Levitus Haynes, Francis D. Huntle3% Henry E. Jeffreys, John Jennison, Charles Josling, Henry Kamble, Charles F. Lamb, Orrin C. Lamb, Jonathan E. Lay, Sebastian Lee, William ^ Leanland, Victor W. Lenhart, Elias Lucher, Samuel Manderville, Daniel B. Marble, Miner S. Moore, Samuel Mott, Alva McMellen, Matthew O'Brian, James Olin, Clifford Oliver, Albert Phillips, Christian Perry, Edward I. Rodgers, Willard D. S.' Seymore, Mortimer Shade, William Sherman. George Sherwood, Albert Shultz, Henry Stanton, Judah L. '62; Discharged Oct. 26, '63. Discharged Nov. — , '62. Died, Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 12,'63. Discharged July 4, '64. Died at Gallatin, Tenn., Dec. 14,'62. Des. at Louisville, Kv., Feb. 10, '63. Died, Murfreesboro, T., Apr. 15, '63. Died, Nashville, Tenn., Apr. 14, '63. Mustered out Julv 1, '65. Discharged Feb. 28, '63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Discharged Dec. 26, '63. Des. at La Porte, Ind., June 16, '63. Trans, to V. R. C, June 30, '63. Must, out July 1,'65, as Com. Serg't. Mustered out July 1, '65. Discharged Nov. 19, '62. Mustered out July 1, '65. • Died at Gallatin, Tenn., Dec. 24, '62. Des. at Lexington, Ky., Sep. 1, '62. Discharged Jan. 13, '63. Mustered out July 11, 'Q-'y. 1, •• as Corp'l. Des. Oct. 25,'62; retur. March 3,'64. Mustered out July 1, 'Q5. Trans, to Y. R. C, Dec. 3, '63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Discharged Jan. 21, '64. Nov. 29, '62. Feb. 15, '64. Died at Gallatin, Tenn., Feb. 24, '63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Discharged March 3, '63. MILITARY RECORD. 351 Styles, Hezekiah Aug. 16. '62; Died at Triana, Ala., Oct. 17, '64. Stotts, Mayze ♦• Died, Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 16, '63. Smith, Alvin H. - Discharged July 22, '63. Warner, Croyden •• Mustered out July 1, '65. Waxwin, Walter A. • •• Died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 7, '62. Western, Charles B. •• Must'd out July 1, '65, as Sergeant. Westbrook, Frederick •• Mustered out July 1, '65. White, Benjamin S. •• Williams, Isaiah •• •• •• 11, •• Winchell, Ralph - Died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 8,'63. Zimmerman, Jacob •• Mustered out July 1, '65. Zell, Frederick J. •• Discharged. RECRUITS. Boyce, Laurin S. Feb. 11, '64; Transf. to 29th Regt., July 1, '65. Dixon, Jacob Oct. 7, •• Hawley, Price W. Feb. 11, - York, Robert J. June 20, '63: Young, Philip L. Mar. 18,'64; COMPANY ''C.- Steele, Austin Aug. 16, '62; Mustered out July 1, '65. COMPANY "K.- Reynolds, William Aug. 16,'62; 1st Sergt., promoted 1st Lieut. SERGEANTS. Fairchild, Ezra Aug. 16, '62; Trans. V. R. C, Oct. 4, '63. Harding, Benjamin •• Discharged May 20, '63. Reynolds, Silas H. •• •• ••15, '65. Denny, Joseph •• Mustered out July 1, '65. CORPORALS. Halliday, William Aug. 16, '62; Discharged April 3, '63. Weston, Carey I. •• Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Hammond, John E. •• Trs. Miss. Mar. Brig., Mar. 25,'63. Beatty, Sidney •• Mustered out July 1, '65. Kilburn, Henry •• •• •• ••as Sergt. Clark, Jonathan D. - Died Huntsville, Ala., Nov. 26, '64. Culver, John A. - Died Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 12,'62. Linza, Andrew J. •• Mustered out July 1, '65. Swinney, Charles •• Mus'n; kil'd, Perrysville Oct. 8,'62 Jernegan, Edward •• •• discharged March 19, '63. Peck, Miles W. •• Wagoner; killed at Stone River. 352 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Allen, Hiram F. Aug. Augustine, Christian Bales, Thomas C. Barnard, Job Behan, Robert Bennett, Hiram M. Bird, Henry Boothe, George Bowen, James Cope, James Carr, Shannon Clement, William H. Corser, True Corser, Anthony B. Deeds, Leroy Doing, James B. Donaldson, William Donnell, William Donnell, Joseph Ferris, James J. Gibson, John W. Goodwin, Clayton S. Gordon, Galathia Halladav. John G. Hammond, James R. Harsfield, James Hart, Franklin N. Herrington, Henry B. Herrold, John Houston, Rufus Houston, John Howard, Thomas Jacobus, John G. Kettle, James J. Maulsby, Clark F. McAulife, Michael McFadden, August McNeil, Joseph Myers, Charles Myers, Frederick Neville, John PRIVATES. 16,'62 ; Died at Silver Springs, Nov. 19,'62. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Mustered out July 1, '65. Must, out July 1, '65, as 1st Serge't, Discharged March 2, '63. Miss'g Day's Gap, Ala. Apr. 30,'63. Must'd out July 1, '65, as Corporal. Discharged June 5, '65: wounds. Discharged March 2, '63. Miss'g Day's Gap, Ala., Apr. 30,'63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Died, Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 14, '62. Died at Gallatin, Tenn., Jan. 8, '63. Must, out July 1, 'Q^; as Corporal. Discharged Oct. 29, '63. Must, out July 1, '6d, as Corporal. Mustered out July 1, '65. Died at Nashville, Dec. 6, '62. Dis. Oct. 19, '63, as Corpr'l; wounds. Discharged Dec. 29, '62. Discharged Aug. 11, '63; wounds. Mustered out July 1, '65. Discharged Feb. 16, '63. Mustered out July 1, '6o. Discharged Dec. 20, '62. Mustered out July 1, '65. Died at Danville, Ky.. Oct. Mustered out Julv 1, "65. 54, '62. Discharged Jan. 21, '63. Discharged Feb. 18, '63. Died at Nashville, Jan. 12, '63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Discharged June 10, '65. ^ Discharged Aug. 25, '62. ''^^2^ Mustered out July 1, '65. ' " ^* Mustered out July 1, '65, as Serg't. Mustered out July 1, '65. MILITAKY RECOKD. <;58 Perly, George Aug. 16, '65: Petro, John M. Petersdorf, Julius Petersdorf, Franklin Peterson, William H. Quinn, Michael Quirk, Thomas Reed, James V. Reynolds, Thomas Reynolds, John A. Robinson, Robert L. Romine, James A. Root, Hiram S. Shanly, John Shreve, Franklin M. Smith, Andrew J. Stephens, Justice F. T. •• Thornton, SamueJ Tuttle, Frederick H. • Warren, Charles Webster, William W. - Webster, Amos G. Welch, James Williams, Clinton Williams, John Williams. John M. Williams, Harrison H. •• Williams, Leander P. •• Mustered out July 1, '65. Deserted June 15, '63. Nov. 1, '62. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Discharged Feb. 27, '64. Mis'g in act'n Lexington, Sept. 1 ,'62. Discharged Feb. 18, '63. Died at Nashville, Jan. 1, '63. Must, out July 1, '65, as Corporal. Discharged March 26, '63. Mustered out July 1, '65. Died near Glasgow, Kv., Nov. 5, '62. Deserted Feb. 20, '63". Died at Nashville, Dec. 9, '62. Mustered out July 1, '65. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Mustered out July 1, '65. Died near Nashville, Dec. 6. '62. Died at Nashville, March 4, '63. Discharged April 20, '63. Must'd out July 1, '65, as Corporal. Transfrd. to V. R. C. April 6, '64. Mustered out July 1, '65. Deserted Dec. 3, '62. Must'd out July 1, '65, as Sergeant. Must'd out July 1, '65, as Corporal. •• "^ •• Q. M. Serg't. KECRUITS. Birt. John M. Oct. 27, '62; Mustered out July 1, '6C). Denham, William Mar. 5, '64; Trs. to 29th Regiment, July 1. '65. Finch, Silas Sept. 21, •• Mustered out July 1, '65. McCray, James S. March 5," Trs. to 29th Regiment, July 1, '65. Thornburg, OrlistusAV. Mar. 5,'64; •• Williams, Cliarles N. OFFICERS. Gilbert Hathaway, Aug. 22, '62; Col.', killed in action, near Rome, Ga., May 2,'''63. - Ivin N. Walker, •• 16, •• Capt., pro. jNTajor and Lieut. Col.; 16, resigned July 4, '64, for disability. 23 354 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Joseph Hagenbuck, Aug. 16,02; 2nd Lieut., prom'd 1st Lieut, and Adj.; must, out with Regiment. John A. Frazier, Feb. 26, '68; Chaplain, resigned April 1, '6"). Wilson Pottinger, March 24,'68; Asst. Surg.; resigned Ded 24,'68 Oeorge C. Gladwyn, Aug. 16,'62; Captain; resigned Feb. 5, '68. Theodoric F. C. Dodd, • •• 1st Lieut.; promoted Captain. resigned Nov. 14, '68. John W. Munday, March 6, '68; 2d Lieut, pro. 1st Lieut.; resigned May 26, '6i); cause, business aifairs. James H. Kierstead, May 12, '64; 2nd Lieut., promoted 1st Lieut. mustered out with Regiment. Albert A. Carley, Feb. 7, '68; Captain, wounded at Day's Gap, April 80, '68; supposed to be dead. Ithamar D. Phelps, Aug. 16, '62; 1st Lt. pro. Cap.; mus. out w. Rg. William Reynolds, Feb. 18, 68; •• res. July 23,'64, disability. John Butterfield. Aug. 16, '62; 2d •• •• Jan.' 9, '68. Leander P. Williams, ^larch 1, '68; iM Lieut, promoted 1st Lieut.; Brevetted Major; mustered out v> ith Regiment. SEVENTY-FOURTH REGIMEIVT— THREE YEAR8 SERVICE. COMPANY -^G." Brown, Horace H. Aug. 9, '62; Deserted Sept. 11, '62. FOURTH CAVALRY (SEVENTY-SEVEISTH) REGIMENT. COMPANY 'E." Hazelton, Sidney S., Jr. Aug. 8,'62; Co. Q. M. Ser.; died Sep. 1,'68. SERGEANTS. Hays, Thomas W. Aug. 6, '62; Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Smith, George F. •• 5 •• Discharged Jan. 15, '62. Collier, Charles " 6 •• Mustered out June 29, '6b. Dunham, Edward A." 9 •• Died at Scottsville, Ky., Dec. 8, '62. Woodley, Mahlon B." 8 •• Must, out June 29, '65, as private. CORPORALS. Chamberlain, Sylvester Aug. 7, "62; Discharged Jan. 20, '68. Kell, Nathan Aug. 6,'62; Mustered out June 29, '65, as Sergeant. Parley, Henry C." 8, •* •• •• *• •• private. MILITARY RECORD. 355 Ray, James A. •• 9, Wilson, John K." 9, Clarkson, Julius •• 6, Rhodda, William* • 5, McBride, Wm. B" 6, Spencer, Baldon G. " Halpin, William Lloyd, Henry T. 7 Piatt, Eli 4 62; Discharged Feb. 8, '65. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Feb. 16,'63. Died at Nashville, Tenn., March 19,'63. Bugler; discharged March 13, '62. June 8, '64. Farrier and blacksmith ; dis. Nov. 12, '62. May 2, '65. Saddler; Mustered out June 29, '65. Wagoner ; PRIVATES. Austin, Jedediah Aug. Allen, Erasmus Beckman, Lewis Burgwedel, Herman •• Butterfield, Robert •• Bentz, Joseph W. Barker, Levi M. Belden, Marshall Barnard. Uriah W. •• Brown, John A. Cofley, John Oonant, Edwin R. •• Campbell, Thomas Downing, David Duninngton, W. H. •• Delana, Thomas Dunn, Francis M. " Fradenburg, Jas. T. •• Freese, Henry Orice, James H. Harlow, Theodore M." Hubner, August. C. '• Hite, Lewis Herlihe, Daniel F. •• Hagenbuck, William •• iianson, Oloff Jenkins, Samuel Johnson, William Kull, Jacob F. Lyon, Dennis Lee, Elijah T. Lamphier, Edson H. •• 6, '62 9, •• 6, •• 6, •• 9, •• 6, •• 13, •• 9, •• 6, •• 9, •• 6, •• 6, •• 9, •• 6, •• 5, •• T, •• 9, •• 6, •• 7, •• 6, •• 8, •• 9, •• T, •• 6, •• T, •• 6, •• 4, •• 4, •• 8, •• Discharged Dec. 22,'62. Mustered out June 29, '6F>. Discharged Dec. 9, '62. Discharged Jan. 22, '63. Mustered out June 29, '60. Died at Knoxville, April 25. '64. Discharged Feb. 10, '68. Must'd out June 29, '65, as Corp'l. Died at Chicago, 111., Oct. 31, '64. Mustered out June 29, '65. Killed near Knoville, Aug. 14, '63. Mustered out June 29, '65. Deserted Oct. 29, '62. Mustered out June 29, '65. •• as Corp'l. Trans, to Y. R. C, Feb. 16, '64. Killed, Mt. Wash'n, Ky. Oct. 2,'62. Died, Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 27, '65. Mustered out June 29, '65, as Corp. blacksmith. 6, 3o() HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Muck, Joseph Aug Marsden, Win. R. KcKinney, Henry Ott, Jacob Peabodv. Win. F. Keynolds, Klisha B. Riley, Isaac Rice, Augustus A. Sawyer, Isaac Sawyer, Horace Sheldon, Joshua W. Seekamp, Herman H Shreves, Cyrus D. Tuley, David Taggart, Eugene T. Vannote, James L. Witt, Isaac Waggoner, Milton Walton, Albert J. Wilson, Wesley W. Wilbraham, Jo. W. Willard, Henry H. Walkerton. Chas. G. Wilbrahaiii, Wm. Wood, Edgar J. Zenor, Melville C. •^, '62 ; 6, •• >^, •• 9, •• II, •• 111, • J), •• 6, •• 1) •• !», •• 9, •• 6, •• !l, •• 9, •• 9 • '3, •■ 9, •• .'), •• !>, •• 9; •• I, •• 18, •• 4, •• 1, • V), •• 9, - :. 12,'62 Must out June 29, '6'), as Sergeant. Discharged Nov. 28, '60. Transf "d to V. R. C. Sept. 20, CIS. Must'd out June 29, '60, as Corp'l. Killed at Rutherford Creek, '60. Discharged Nov. 14, "(32. Discharged Nov. 28, '68. Mustered out June 29, '65. as Corp'l. Discharged Nov. 11. "62. Mustered out June 29. (5."). Nathan Earlywine Aug. service. Mar. 26, '68. Wm. A. Woodward, Gilbert H. Kneeland, Sept. 5,'6 Sidney S. Hazel ton, Thomas W. Hays, May 1, '64: as Serg't. Died Bowling Green. Ky. Oc. 21, '62 Transferred, V. R. C. Jan. 15, '64. Mustered out June 29, ^65. Discharged June — . ^63. . Killed, Mt. Washington, Oct. 1,'62. Mustered out June 29, '65. Transf d to V. R. C, Sept. 21, "68. •• May 1, "64. FICERS. ; Capt., pro. Major, res. for good of 1st Lt.. ])]'(). Cap.; res. Apr. 29. '68 2: 2d mus. out with Rg. •• died Sept. 1,' 6^]. •• must'd out with Regiment. EIGHTY-THIRD REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERVICE. COMPANY vE.' Lynch, Owen Oct 7, '64; Trans. 48th Reg., May 80, *65: drafted. Ludwig, Charles •• MILITARY RiJCORL). 857 COMPANY "F." McGrab, John Oct. 1!>, '64; Mustered out Aug. 14. '60; substitute. COMPANY ' K." RECRUITS. Comptou, Gilbert (Jet. 20, '64. Garner, David Graffis, Abraham Oc Harrington, Enos Pixter, Peter Snyder. William Shively, Daniel V Stiver. Aaron Stiver, John J. Silence, James Vehlen, Peter Yawky, John Yarin, John t. 17, 20, 20. 18, 20, 20. 20, IS, 20, 20. 20. Transf. to 48th Regt.. June 1, 'i6o. " V. R. C, May U\ '65. •' 48th Regt., June 1, '65. Died, Jeffersonville, Ind. Jan. 14, '65 Transf d to 48th Regt.. June 1, '65. KIGHTY-SEYENTH REGIMENT -THREE YEARS 8ERYICE. COMPANY "A. ' Blymer, Wm. S. Sept. 19, '68; Transf d to 42d Regt. June 9, '65. COMPANY "B.' Cole, Nelson V. Sept. 19, '68: Transf d to 42nd Regt. June 9, '65. COMPANY 'C." Bloker, John H. Sept. 19, "63; Recruit ; trs. to 42d Rg. June 9,'65 COMPANY "D." Grooms, Benjamin Oct. 28,'64; Recruit; trs. to 42d Rg. June 9,'65. Grooms, James COMPANY '^E. ' Acklev, Jacob. Sept. 19, '68; Transferred to 42d Reg. June 9, '65. WilW Philip H. •• COMPANY -'F." YanAnkin, Charles Sept. 19,'68; Transf. to 42d Regt. June 9, 'C5. 358 HISTORY OF LA PROTE COUNTY. COMPANY "G." Harding Solomon E. Aug. Stockman, Isaac S. Dowd, John H. Harding, Tliomas D. Dunham, George A. Aug. Scholts, David Dudley, Henry H. Miller, Jacob V. Sales, Thomas A. Burden, James Hooten Benjamin F. Gulp, Johnson W. Closser, Jerome B. Berget, Charles Aug. 31, '62 Billman, William Baker, Henry Casgriff, Arthur Croll, August Cherry, Joseph Cole, Andrew Cannel, John F. Cloper, Joseph A. Chronister, Joseph A." Campbell, Charles Cruzan, William Cornell, Charles Dunn, Henry Day, Ahlen E. Dauphin, Nicholas Dudley. Milton Davis, James H. Fogle, Jacob R. Fisher, Thomas Fessenden, Major Gilfoyle, Michael Garner, John Graves, William H. •• Jacobus, Andrew J. •• 31,62 ; 1st Seg.; kil'd, Chicm. Sep. 20,"63 Serg't; discharged Nov. 3, '63. must, out June 10, '65. discharged Nov. 13, '63. CORPORALS 31,'62 Died, Manchester, Ten. July 1,'63 Died at LaPorte, Ind. Dec. 7, '63, Mustered out June 10, 'Q5. Discharged March 20, '63. Discharged April 29, '63. Died, Tunnel Hill, Ga. Dec. 9, '62. Music; died, Indi'lis, July 15, '63. discharged July 30, '63. Wagoner; •• Jan. 29, '63. PRIVATES. ; Must, out June 10, '65, as Corporal. Discharged. Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 19, '63. Died at Nashville, Tenn. Feb. 18, '64. Discharged March 17, '63. Died, Richmond prison, Va. Jan. — "64, Died, Chattanooga, Tenn. Sep. 30, '63. Must, out June 10, '65, as 1st Serg't. Trs. to V. R. C; must, out June 30, '65. Died at Nashville, Tenn. March 17,'63. Discharged Feb. 2, '63. Discharged Feb. 28, '63. Discharged Jan. 20, '63. Died at Stevenson, Ala., Jan. 30, '64, Must'd out June 10, '65, as Corporal. Discharged Dec. 6, '62. Mustered out June 10, '65. Discharged Nov. 24, 62. Discharged Jan. 17, '63. Killed, Chattanooga, Ten., Nov. 25,63, Discharged Feb. 1, '63. Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 19, '63, 20, •• Discharged July 27, '63. Discharged Jan. 17, '63. MILITARY RECORD. 859 Jones, Adam B. Aug. Jones, Aaron S. Lightfoot, Enoch Lightfoot, Eli H. Moore, Robert MclSeal, Isaac Moore, Thomas Montgomery, Thomas Moffit, Ephraim McDonahl, Ebenezer Powers, Lewis Prince, Lyman Pointer, William Pointer, Thomas Rody, John Rogers, Amos Roach, Michael Rice, George Siddles, John A. Smootzer, Charles Sharp, Benjamin Stark. John Urquhart, George Vantassel, Alonzo Van tassel, Andrew Warbiirton, Peter Wariner, Ory Young, Martin Ames, James S. Burgett, Philip Miller, Jacob V. 31,'62; Mustered out June 10, '65. Mus. out June 10, '65 ; absent, no leave. Died at Stevenson, Ala., Oct. 10. '63. Discharged March 29, '68. Mustered out June 10, '65. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. 2, '64. Discharged Jan. 25, '68. Mustered out June 10, Cjo. Died at Gallatin, Tenn.. Jan. 25, '68. Discharged Feb. 20, 'm. Died at Chattanooga, Nov. IS. "68. •• •• Gallatin, Tenn. Dec. 10, '62. Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 20, '68. Died at Chattanooga, Ten. Dec. 8, '68. Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 20, '68. Trans, to A^et. Engineer Corps. Mustered out June 10, '6r). Died at Danville, Va., Nov. 29, "64. Died at Chattanooga, Sept. 25, '68. Died at Louisville, Ky., Dec. 7, '62„ Deserted Oct. 6, '62. Discharged July 18, '64. Must, out June 10, '6b, as Corporal. Discharged Dec. IT, '62. Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 29, '6o. Trs. to Marine Brigade, April 22, '64. Mustered out June 10, '6r>. Recruit; trs. 42d Reg. June 9, '65 ; sub.. Died, Lookout Mountain, Aug. 2^/64. COMPANY -H." Seileck, John E. Aug. 81'62; 1st Sergeant, pro. 2d Lieutenant. Logan, Albert C. Loomis, Henry B. Martin, Alexander A. Weed. Chancellor Brown, Henry C. 10, '65, as Serg. W ay, Ira Posti n, John A, Sergeant, pro. 1st Lieutenant. discharged Jan. 10, "68. Corp.; transferred to V. R. C. Arm amputated: mus. out June Must'd out June 6, '6r>, as 1st Serg't. •• discharged Dec. 29, '62. 360 HISTORY OF LA PROTE COUNTY. Allen, Silas Aug. 31 Ash, James G. Blackmail, Homer 0. • Blodgett, Henry H. " Bryson, Ephraim M. •" Carpenter, Leonard Carpenter, Emory Outling, John B. Ewing, William A. Fierce, Henry Fierce, William W. Finch, Eddy S. Fletcher, Franklin Gee, John F. Hall. Charles H. G. • Hass, William Harsen, Sylvester D. - Jones, John M. Linard. Daniel J. Lynch, AVehster Mahanny, Daniel Manderville, Ab. C. • Miller, Wm. S. Neihardt, William Nelson, Isaac N. O'Brien, James Pierson, James W. Pitcher, Alonzo Posten, Elias B. Pratt, Eugene A. Richards, Orrin M. •• Schermerhorn, J. C. " Taylor, John S. Titus, Nelson J. Weed, Pope C. Wellman, Wilson B. - Wilson, Jonathan H. •• Willis, William C. •• Wooley, Samuel Young, Andrew Kv.. '63. Oct. 2, '63. PRIVATES. Mustered out June 10, '65, as Serg't. Discharged January 6, '64. Transf. to Eng'r Corps, July 29, '64. Died, Nashville, Tenn., March 31, '63 Must'd out June 10, '65, as Corporal. Discharged Feb. 18, '63. Discharged Jan. 27, '63. Promoted Captain Company '• L" Dropped as a deserter. Trans. V. R. C; mus. out June 21^, '65. Discharged. Mustered out June 10, '6i>. Discharged Jan. 22, '63. Discharged Feb. 27, •• Died at Louisville, Discharged Feb. 22, Discharged. Mustered out June 13, '6b. 15, ■• •• 10, •• hosp. stew'd Discharged Feb. 17, '63. Discliarged March 29, '65, wounds. Died, South Tunnel, Ten. Nov. 19,'62. Mustered out June 10, '65. Transf. to Eng'r Corps, July 24. '64. Mustered out June 10, '65. as Corporal. Died, Chattanooga, Ten. Oct. 11, '63. Mustered out June 10, '65. Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 19, '63. Discharged Feb. 8, '63. Dropped as a deserter. Discharged Feb. 19, '63. Mustered out June 10, '65: Trs. to V. R. C; must, out July 7, '65. Discharged Dec. 28, "63. Mustered out June 10, '65. Discharged Feb. 15, '63. Mustered out June 10, '65, MILITKAY RECORD. oHl RECRUITS. Big, John Dec. 80. "Go: Transf. to 42d Regt., June !', *6o. Brooks, Jacob •• Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Feb. 17. '64. Burnstead, Wm. T. Dec. 30,'63; Transf. to 42d Reg., June 9, '65. Brown, William March 12, '64: Brown, Daniel L. •• 23, •• Campbell, Benjamin F. Dec. 30, "63: •• Clark, Erskine C. Carpenter, Daniel March 12.'64; Dennison, George S. Sept. 19. '63: Fessenden, George M. Dec. 30. '63; •• Fessenden, Harrison C. Sep. 19, •• Grover, Stephen K. Dec. 30, •• •• •• •• 10- Green, Thomas : Mu tered out Aug. 1, '65. Harvey, Anson Dec. 30, '63: Transf. to 42d Regt. June 9, '6i^. McKilven. William Sept. 24. '62: Mustered out June 10, '65. Morris, Morton P. Sept. 12, •• Teeple, Charles B. Dec. 30, '63; Transf. to 42d Reg.. July 9, '6:^. Turner, Francis Titus, Horace W. April 8, '64; Trs. to 42d Reg. June 9,'65,draft'd Wise, Bernard Dec. 30, '63; Worden, Charles G. Dec. 30. '63: Mustered out Aug. 18, '6b. Wilson, Milden H. March 12,'64: Trsf. to 42d Reg't. June 9, '6rj. COMPANY "I." Billings, Elihu M. Sept. 12,'62; 1st Serg.; died, Danville, Dc.6,'63.- McCollum, Dewitt C. •• Serg.; pro. 1st Lieut. Co. "A." McCasky, Isaac W. •• •• discharged, wounds. Fox, George G. P. M. •• •• mus. out June 10, '65, Is Srg. Root, Edward •• •• discharged Jan. 2, '63. CORPORALS. Robinson, Asa S. Sep. 12, '62. Lowe, William F. •• Mustered out June 10, '65. Sabin, Orlando W. •• Died at Chattanooga, Ten. Nov. 2, '63. Learn. William •• Mustered out June 10, '65. Johnson, Samuel Y. •* Discharged Jan. 20, '63. Allen, William C. •• Must, out June 10, '65, as Sergeant. Copelin, James •• Discharged April 1, '63. Bear, Benjamin E. •• Trs. Y. R. C; mus. out June 10, '65. W^ilkinson, Clinton C. •• Music'n; discharged May 1, '68. McNally, Silas - - trsf. to Y. R. C. Aprtl 28,64. Christeon, Abram •• Wagoner; must, out June 10, '65. 862 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Armstrong, J. W. Sep. 12, Carr, Sanford Carr, Smith Caler, Peter Craig, Orrin Crawley, James Crosby, Lyman B. Heald, George F. Homer, Isaac Irwin, James Johnson, William Jones, Calvin Jones, Erwin M. Kelly, Thomas Lane, Alonzo Lienen, John Lowe, Lewis M. Long, Wright Lyons, Jerome Maple, Benjamin Mason, Asa C. Matsol, Jacob Martin, Henry McClellan, Hiram M. •• Mead, William H. Mills, Daniel S. Morris, Morton P. Mayer, Charles H. Pairot, David W. Penoyer, Joseph Philip, Henry Pike, William Proutsman, George W. •• Robinson, John H. Shellevitle, Joseph Shurte, Andrew J. Smith, Wilson P. Smith, Samuel P. Taylor, John H. Vail, Augustus W. Vandusen, Enoch PRIVATES. 62; Must, out June 10, '65, as Sergeant. Died, Bowling Green Ky. Dec. 31, '62, Mustered out June 10, '65. Died at Nashville, Nov. 5, '6o. Mustered out June 10, '6b. Promoted 2d Lieut. Co. *'K." Mustered out June 10, '65, as Cop'I. Discharged Jan. 14. '68. Discharged March 2, '6o. Trs. V. R. C. April 14, '64. Deserted Jan. 80, ^6S. Discharged March 30, '63. Trs. Pion.Co]^s; diedNasb. Nov.6,*68 Discharged Jan. 1, '64. Miss'g, action at Chicma. Sep. 29, '63. Discharged Dec. 13, '62. Died at Gallatin, Tenn., Dec. 23, '62. Discharged March 14, '63. Transf. to V. R. C, Feb. 15, '64. Must'd out June 10, '65, as Corporal. Died Oct. 6, '68; wounds. Discharged Jan. 1, '63. Mustered out June 21, '65. Discharged Dec. 2, '62. Trans, to Co. "H." Deserted June 12, '63. Died at Gallatin, Tenn., Feb. 4, '63. Died at Chattanooga, Oct. 24, '68. Deserted Feb. — ,'68. Mustered out June 10, '65. Transferred to V. R. C, Feb. 17,'64. Discharged March 11, '63. Discharged March 1, '64. Transferred to V. R. C. Jan. 10, '64. Mustered out June 10, '65. Discharged Jan. 1, '68. Died at Danville., Ky., Jan. 22, '63. Discharged Jan. 31, '63. MILITARY RECORD. :^()'i Vert, Nicholas Sept. 12, '62 ; Died at Nashville, April 1, '63. Wilson, William H. - Deserted Feb. — , '63. Wilson, William - Discharged Dec. 27, '62. Wilson, Henry M. •• Died at Nashville, Feb. 24, '63. Wilkinson, Chaimcev C." Discharged Jan. 8, '63, Wood, George W. "^ •• Discharged Feb. 3, '63. Xander, John •• Dieti at Gallatin, Tenn. Jan. 2, '63. Yost, Peter H. •• Discharged Jan. 1, '63. RECRUITS. Arbeit. Henry Feb. 18,'64; Mustered out May 30, '6f). Burnstead, John A. Aug. 20, '63; Trsf. to 42d Regt., June 9, '6d. Coleman, Benjamin F. Jan. 7, '64: Trs. 4 2d Reg. June9,'6r), Serg't. Cross, Dallas P. Feb. 11, '64; • - - Corp'l. Fradenburgh, Spencer Feb. 27,'64; •• Powels, Levi W. Sept. 12,'62; Discharged Jan. 29, '63. Richards, Clark R. Sept. 9, '63; Transf. to 42d Regt. June 9, '65. Woodburn, Lewis N. Feb. 29, '64; Died at Chattanooga, Sep. 5,'64. COMPANY '^K." UNASSIGNED RECRUITS. King. John, Aug. 22, '64. Lynch, Patrick, •• Salisbury, Alfred B. Sept. 19, '63. Wells, Theodore H. OFFICERS. Newell Gleason, Sept. 2, '62; Lieut. Col., promt'd Col., Brevetted Brig. Gen.; mustered out with Regiment. Richard C. Sabin, Aug. 31, '62; Capt., prom. Major, Brevetted Lt. Col.; mustered out with Regiment. Henry Weller, June 4, '63; Chaplain, res. July 21, '64. Alanson T. Bliss, Aug. 31, '62; Capt.; resigned Feb. lo, '64. Theodore Woodw^ard, •• •' 1st Lieut., resigned July 22, '63. Isaac S. Stockman, ; 2d Lieut., pro. 1st Lt., res. Apr. 6,'64. George Urquhart, Julv 14, '64 ; 1st Lieut.: mustered out with Reg. David W. Pratt, Aug.'31,'62; 2d •• resigned April 15, '63. John F. Cannell, ; 2d Lieut.; mustered out with Regiment. Wm. B. Biddle, Sept 12, '62; IstLt. Co. ^-I," pro. Capt. Co. '^H'^ Brev. Major; mus. out with Reg. Sloan D. Martin, Aug. 31,'62 ; 1st Lieut.: killed, Chicm. Sep. 19,'63. Albert C. Logan, March 1,'64; •• •• mustered out with Reg't. John E. Selleck, Dec. 20.'62; 2d - pro. Adj., res. Sep. 8, '64. 364 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Ira Way. : 2d Lieut.: mustered out with Regiment. James A. Crawley, Sept. 12. "62: Capt.: resigned May 10, *64. DeWitt C. McCollum, April 8, '64; 1st Lieut.: must, out witli Reg. Abram C. Andrew, Sept. 12, '62: 2d •• killed at battle of Chicamauga, Sept. 20, '68. John W. Armstrong, ; •• " mus. out with Reg't. ONE HUNDRED AND FIRST REGIMENT. COMrANY -F. " White, Crague Aug. 16, "62; Killed at Chicamauga, Sept. 10. '63. FIFTH CAVALRY— NINETIETH REGIMENT. COMPANY ''K.' Bagley, Samuel A. Aug. 16, '62; Corp.; pro. Adjut. 29th Ind. Vol. PRIVATES. Boyd, Isaac Aug. 15, '62: Muste'd out June 21. 65, as Corporal. Whorwell, Geo. W. 0. •• •• •• 15, •• Sergeant. Wright, Milton W. •• • Died at Indianapolis, March 22, '65. NINETYNINTH REGIMENT— THREE YEARS SERVICE. COMPANY ^'A." Sly, Gilbert Aug. 29, '62; Mustered out June 5, '6:'). Williams, Alex. • 12, - - May 23, - Vandervert, August Aug. 14. '62; Died March 19, '63. COMPANY -K." Stone, Henry H. OFFICERS. Richard W. Cummins, Nov. 1,'62; Adjutant. • James L. Cathcart, Sept. 16, •• Quarterm'r, mus. out with Reg. SEVENTH CAVALRY— 119 REGIMENT. OFFICERS. Wm. H. Crane, Nov. 26, '64; 2d Lieutenant MILITARY RECORD. mr> John W. Shoemaker, Sept. '3,'6'J; Capt.; discharged June 30, '64. Thos. S. Ooagley, Aug. 26. '64: 2d Lieut.: pio. 1st Lieut, and Cap. ELEVENTH CAVALRY— 126 REGIMENT. Vosburg, John, Bugler. TWELFTH CAVALRY— 127 REGIMENT COMPANY -A." Alyea, Andrew Dec. 15,"63: Aker, Jacob B. Bradley, Franklin Brown, William Blackraan, George W. •• Batterson. John Bennett, Sherman Black, Isaac Bickford, Thomas Culp. William S. Coulter, Marcus Castello, Thomas Currie, James W. Chipman, John D. Coulter. Asby R. Dowd, Isaac F. Dyer, George Doty, Arthur Jan. 12, '64; Dyer, Jones Dyer, John Edmundson,W^m. M. Dec. 15, Emigh, Jacob C. Fletcher, Franklin Grey, William (xrey, d(ihn Gie, Frederick Geist, James S. Ap. 28,'64 ; Hendricks, A. B.Dec.15,'63 PRIVATES. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Died at Columbus, Miss., June 4, '6d. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Deserted Dec. 26, '63, Must, out Nov. 10, '65, as 1st Serg't. Corporal. •• Bugler. Trs. V. R. C; disch. July 1, '65. Died at Huntsville, Ala.. June 26, '64* Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Killed near Murfreesboro, Dec. 7, '64. Died at La Porte, Ind., April 16, '64. Discharged July 6, '65. Mustered out Sept. 2, '65. " Nov. 10, •• •• Aug. 9, • Nov. 10, •• May 28, 63- •• Nov. 10, •• Nov. 6, •• Nov. 10, Deserted Dec. 20. '63. Q. M. Sergt. as Corporal, as Bugler, as W^agoner. as Corporal. Discharged June 18, '64. Died at Tullahoma, Tenn., Nov. 18, '64. Died at Kendallville, Ind., May 8, '64. 366 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Holmes, Phila. Dec. 15, '63; Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Hood, William M. - - - Sep. 22,'65, Com. Sergt. Hendricks. Calvin N. •• •• •• Nov. 10, •• as Hensel, John Hensel, Adam Harrison, Wm. M. •• Deserted Dec. 19, '63. Hendricks, James J. •• Died, Willet's Point, N. Y. May 20, '6'j Hobert, Jas. J. Jan. 12, '64; Mustered out Nov. 10, '65, as Saddler. Johnson, Jno. M. Dec. 15,'63; James, John Kennedy, Thomas Kfnnard, Perry Larson, Christopher Lyon, William Jan. 12, '64; Morris, William P. Dec. 15, '63; McDonald, Wm. S. - McElrath, Lafayette B." Miller, Elmer Discharged Sept. 15, '64. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65, as Corp'l. as Farrier. Discharged Oct 14, '64. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65, as Serge't. Morgan, George B. Maze, Alexander Mills, George B. Marr, James Mitchell, Wm. M. Massey, Lafayette Jan. 12, '64; Nelson, Benjamin Dec. 15, '63 ; Nelson, Nels P. Newlen, Emmet Price, Franklin E. Pratt, John S. Pinney, John H. Parkinson, J. D. Rambo, Wm. F. Reese, Sam'l McR. Reynolds, John Q. A. •• Shaw, Joseph H. Sinclair, Wm. W. Smith, Charles W. Tennis, John Thirkell, Francis M. •• Tubbs, George M. Turney, Harvey B. Tuley, Henry Aug. 22, •• Sept. 23, • Nov. 2, •• July 10, •• Nov. 10, •• Promoted 1st Lieutenant. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Died at Baton Rouge, La., May 7, 65. Discharged Sept. 19, '64. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. •• Saddler Serg. Deserted Jan. 2, '64. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Died at New Albany, Ind., May 26,'64. Mustered out Nov. 10, '65, as Serge't. •• eTuly 7, •• •• Nov. 10, •• MILITARY RECORD. 367 Tuley, David Dec. 15,'63; Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. A'alentine, Henry M.Jan. 12,'64; Desert. Feb. 10, •• Webber, Mark A. Dec. 15,'63; Must, out Nov. 10,'65, as Sergeant. Webber, Frank C. - - - •• Q. M. - Williams, Davis E. •• Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Woodard, George Jan. 12,'64; Mustered out Nov. 10, 'Qf5. Zarr, Hiram Dec. 15, '63; Zarr, Charles •• Died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. 23, '65. COMPANY "E." PRIVATES. Griffin, Charles Jan. 12, '64; Must, out Nov. 10, '66. Green, Preston W. •• •• •• "as Wagoner. Johnson, John L. Dec. 12,'63;-* •• •• Corporal. Madden, Wm. H. July 12,'64;- •• - •• Bugler. COMPANY ^'F." Glines, Nelson Dec. 15, '63; Must'd out Nov. 10, '65, as Corporal. Lowe, Benjamin F. Jan. 12, '64; Deserted Jan. 12, '64. COMPANY "M." Barto, Nathan S. Jan. 12, '64; Mustered out Nov. 10, '65. Drick, Christian •• •• •• June Graham, Henry S. •* *• " Nov. Hartford, Spencer •• Transf. to V. R. C. April 21, '65. Myers, Daniel H. " Mustered out June 21, '65. Rollins, Charles •* •* •• Nov. 10, •• Rollins, George F. OFFICERS. Edward Anderson, Feb. 2, '64; Col.; mustered out with Regiment. Willys G. Peck, Dec. 1,'63; Capt., pro. Maj.; must, out with Reg. Wm. H. Calkins, March 26, '64; Major; Seth Loomis, Dec. 1, '63; 1st Lt., pro. Capt., and mus. out with Rg. Davis E. Williams, Aug. 1,'64; 2d Lieut., pro. 1st Lt., and must. out with Regiment. Theophilus A. Fravel, Dec. 1, '63; 2d Lieut.; resigned July 19, '64 George W. Blackman ; 2d Lieut.; must, out with Regt. 128 REGIMENT— THREE YEAR8 SERVICE. REGIMENTAL NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Frazier, Dwight Dec. 15,'63; Sergt. Major; prom. 1st Lieutenant. 'd6>< HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Morey, Ira S. Dec. 15, '6-^; Com. Sergt.; discharged. Mead, Frank D. •• Hospital Steward, •• June 2,'65. Collins, James H. " Prin. Miisic'n : mus. out April 10, '66 COMPANY ' A. ■ Sager, Jacob Dec. lo, '6?); Discharged Jan. 22, "6"). COMPANY -C. " Outhwaite, M. C. Dec. 15,'6o; 1st Sergeant, pro. 2d Lieutenant. Richards, B. F. •• Sergeant: must, out June 16, '65. Monroe, S. Phillips, Perry Church, Charles D. "• *• promoted 2d Lieutenant. COllPOUALS. Freeman, Milo *• Discharged, wounds, May 8, '6b. McClellan, George W. •• Mus-^'d out Apr. 10, '66, as Sergeant. Tompkins, Geo. Jan. 12,'64; Mortally wounded Aug. 16, '64. Record, George W. " Discliaiged April 11, '65. McClurg, Lewis Dec. 15, '63; Discharged June 12, '65. Wood, Carson " Deserted Nov. 12, '64. Foster, Marcus Jan. 12,'64; Died Aug. 15, '64, at La Porte. Collins, Jas. H. Dec. 15.'64; Musi.; mus. o. Apr. 10,'66, Prin. Mus. Bennett, Seth S. •• Mustered out May 26, '65. PUIVATES. Burns, AndreAv S. *• Mustd out Apr. 10. '66, as Corporal. Brown. Charles " Transferred to V. R. C. l>urt, Abraham •* MortnUy wounded May 28, '64. Benhart, Fred " Mustered out June 8, '65. Bishop, John W.Jan. 12,'64; - - Apr. 10, '66. Baldwin, James Dec. 15,'63; Deserted Feb. 21, '64. Barcura Henry Jan. 12, '64; Mustered out April 10, •• Carlin, Lorenzo D. Dec. 15, '63: •• •• Sep. 2. '65. Chamberlain, Joseph ■• •• •* April 10, *• Carpenter, SamTE. - Transf. to V. R. C. April 1, '65. Crane, James *' Died, July 25, '64. Crouch, John •* Mustci'ed out April 10, '66. Carroll, Eli P. Cissne, Robert MILITARY REOOKD. :t69 Cassady, George F- Jan. 12, '64; Must, out April lt','f)ll ;is < 'ovp'l. Cunningham, Charles Deforest, William Deo. 15, '6-j Fraser, D wight Farley, Abraham Gardner, James Gardner, Absalom Griswald, James Jan. 12, Hager. John Haus, John Hyde, James W ilager, David 64; •• June 8, 'Hf). Deserted Dec. 27, '6:5. Promoted 1st Lieutenant. Mustered out April 10, 'ijij. Died Feb. 1, '65. Mustered out June 5, '6~). Dec. 15, '63; Mustered out April 10, '6\i. Jan. 12, '64: Died July 4, '64. Trs. to Y. R. C; ms. o. June 5, Mustered out April 10, '66. 65. Johns, William S. Dec. 15, '63 ; Mustered out with Regiment Jones, Edward •• Mustered out x\pril 10, '66, Kinney, Albert Lampson, Wilson Lampson, James Lawrence, George Lloyd, Horatio Jan. 12. '64 " ~ ' '63. •• Corp'l. • Sept. 20, '65. • April 10, '66. • July 2, '6d. Mandeville, John Dec. 15, Moon, John Morey, Ira S. McNett, Lyman Meade, Frank D. Nichols, John Gates, David Proud, Anthony Plants, Jacob Parkinson, Wm. H. Dec. 15, '63 Potter, James H Mustered out June 16. '65. Dis. as Commissary Sergeant. Died May 10, '65. Dis. June 2, '65, as Hospital Steward. Jan. 12, '64; Must, out April 10, '66, as Sergeant. Died, Washington, D. C. June 22,'65. Died of wounds, Dec. 1, '64. Must, out April 10, '66, as Sergeant. Parker, Lewis Paddock, Solomon Robinson, Enoch Robinson, John Regan, Patrick Rodgers, James H. Reprogle, George Redding, Joseph Appointed Sergeant, Oct. 31, "64. Mustered out Jan. 5, '66. Discharged March 2, '65. Mustered out April 10, '66. Deserted Nov. 9, '64. Mustered out April 10, '66, Trans, to V. R. C. April 1, '65. Record, Jasper Jan. 12, '64; Deserted July 30, '64. Snyder, Delos Dec. 15, '63; Mustered out April 10, '66. Smith, Anderson Sprague, Seymour B. •* Des'td 12th 111. Cav.; ret. to connu'd. 24 870 HISTORY OF liA PORTE COUNTY. Seymour, Mortimer Dec. 15/63 Dest. 73d Regim't ret. to command. Sweet. James K. •• Must, out April 10, 'Qid. Smitl). Orrin Jan. 12, 'B-t ; *• •* " as Sergeant. Sopef, David Suitor, Henry Shaw, Albert *• Died April 12, '64. Slater, Jolin H. •• Mustered out Oct. 20, '65. Slater. Delos Dec. 15, '63; - " April 10, '66. Thomas, Emanuel Vader, Jacob Jan. 12, '64; Died April 2, '64. Valkenburg, William •* ** June 12, '64. Wilson, Isaac •• •• July 4, Whitney, David •• Must, out April 10, '66, as Corporal. Weed, Lewis L. Waters, William " . " Waters, Samuel M. - •• •• Dec. 18, '6P>. Zigler, William - - - April 10, '66. RECRUITS AND TRANSFERS. Allen, George W. Aug. 30,'62; Discharged Nov. 10, '62. Burns, Theodore Dec. 15, '68 ; Mustered out April 10. '66. Bright, George A. Jan. 11, '64; Church, Charles D. Discharged for promotion. Dodge, Tapley S. Nov. 13,'64; Discharged Nov. 13, '65. Garris, John Jan. 8, '63; Mustered out April 10, '66. Gail, Virgil Dec. 17, " Gadbury, William June 5, •* Hack, Thomas Jan. 7, 64; Harper, Jame? L. Harvey, Milton Nov. 23, '63; Heistand, Isaac Oct. 26, '62; Discharged Oct. 21, '65. Hill. Henry Jan. 15, '63; ••" July 20, - Inglesoll, Joseph Oct. 21, '62; Mustered out April 10, '66. Inglesoll, Richard Dec. 30,'63; Johnson, William Oct. 21, Kelly, Mi^ny Oct. 22, '62; Kinman, Thomas Nov. 11, '63; Kohnsey. John Oct. 21, '62; King:, William ?>Iav 11, •* Discharged March 12, •* Kelfv, Joseph W. Jan. 25,'63; - Oct. 9, '65. Luff, Samuel Jan. 9, 63; Mustered out April 10, •• Montgomery, Wm. Nov. 25,'62; Discharged Nov. 29, '65. MILITARY RECORD. 371 McCall, Wm. B. Jan. 11, '64; Mustered out April 10, '66. McBride, Geo. W. Nov. 5, - Nail, William Sept. 4, '63; Nicely. Wm. R. Petty, Madison C. Jan. 11, '64; Richie, William Dec. 28, '63; Sanders, Thomas Jan. 4, '64; COMPANY ^^E." Thomas, John M. Jan. 12, '64; Serg't; mustered out June 5, '65. Ash er, Noah •• •• Cor'l; must, out Apr. 10, '66, Serg. Himlire, Addis Lewis, Joseph S. " •* •* .... COMPANY "H. " Sanders, Philip March 18, '64; Trans, to V. R. C. Jan 15, '65. Sullivan, John •• 7, •* Mustered out April 10, '66, COMPANY ^'I." Unruh, William B. March 7,'64; 1st Sergt; discharged Oct. 2,'65, Commis'ed 2d Lieut. Fraser, Joshua G. '• 18, •• Serg't; promoted 2d Lieutenant. Mecum, Samuel •* 7, •• *• must, out June 3, '65. Weed, Everett D. - 7, •• Corporal ; disc'd May 24, •• Hyde, Hiram - 7, Apr. 10,'66, Srg PRIVATES. Anderson, Wm. T. March 7,'64; Mustered out April 10, '66. Armstrong, Samuel H. •• Died March 21, '64. Bachtel, David •• Died, Chattanooga, Sept. 16, '64. Campbell, William - Mustered out May 19, '6-"^. Davis, James G. March 18, '64; Discharged Oct. 20, '6d. Fisher, Frederick " Mustered out April 10, '66. Gallert, Chas. March 7, Gardner, James Gillam, George - Died, Knoxville, T., Sept. 11,'64. - - 7^.. Halladay, Charles W. Helms, David Ivey, Richard J. McLane, George R. Mead, Mention Deserted May 30, '64. Must, out April 10, '66, as Corp. Died, Morgantown,N.C. Fb. 17,66 18,- Mustered out April 10,'66, Cop'l. 372 HISTORY OF LA PORTE CfOUNTY. Nichols, Henr}- March 7, '64; Deserted June 16, '64. Pottenger, James M. 18 Must, out April 10, '66. Corporal. Reed, Charles Record, Decatur Rulo, John B. •• Discharged June o, '65. Seymour, Grant •• Must, out April 10, '66, as Coi})i. Ship, William •• Died, Louisville, Ky. May 14,'64. Shall, Frederick •• Mustered out April 10, '6\}. Sigler, Jacob 7 Walsh, Benjamin •• Discharged Aug. 3'), '64. Wilson, Robert •• Mustered out x\pril 10. '66. Wojahn, Charles OFFICERS, Jasper Packard, March 17, '64; Lieut. Col. promt'd Col.; brevetted Brig. General; mustered out with Regiment. Levi Ely. Dec. 15, '68; Captain; discharged iiug. 26, "64. Wm. VanWert, •• 1st Lieut., prom. Capt., res. Sept. 27, '^o. Dwight Fraser, Nov. 13, '64; 1st Lieut., pro. Capt.; Brevetted Maj, Wm. C. Weir, Dec. 15,'63; Lieut.; mus. out with Regiment. Milton C. Outhwaite, Oct. 21,'65; 2d Lieutenant, Charles D. Church, March 18, '64; •• '• prom. Ist Tiieut.; mustei ed out with Regiment. Wm. B. Uiiruh, ; 2d Lieutenant. Joshua G. Fraser, Oct. 27. '65; 2d Lieut.; mustered out with Regt. N. S. Paul, Nov. 18, '64: 1st Lieut, and Adj.; must, out with Reg. 12t)th REGI]M[E>T— THREE YEXBS SERVICE. COMPANY ''B.'- Young. John M. March 6. '64; Mustered out Aug. 2l», '65. COMPANY "L" Wilson, John March 7, '64; Deserted March 28, '(5.1. 138tli REGIMENT INFANTRY— 100 DAYS SERVICE. COMPANY -B. ' Arnold, Garrett May 27, "64; Mustered out Sept. 30,'64. Austin, Colden MILITARY RECORD. 373 Beal. Edward May 27 Barnes, Philander Bridges, Dexter A. Burden. Leonard Burk, Charle;^ E. Baine, Stephen Oaldwallader, A. A. Case, Decatur M. Chase. Henry A. Conant, Henrv C. Croll. Theodore Cutler. Austin Dakin. Philip R. Decker. John Donnell, Jame.s Dunn. Albert Eliel. Henry Eliel. Louis Ervin. Charles L. Fry. Daniel Gaylord, Henry Gray. Ensley L. Hagenbuck, William Harvey, Henry Haines. Jacob R. Hebard. William Heller. James E. Hews, Charles Hucket, William Huntsman Horace Hupp, Frank A. Keen. John L eland. L'a S. Leonard, Charles H. Lewis, Charles P. Lonn. Nile? T. Ludlow, Stephen W. Mackey, James Mann,*^(jeo. C. Meade. Carl B. Milliken, Jared L. Millis. William J. '64; Mustered out Sept. 30,'64. jis Corp'l. as Serg't. as Corp'l. Musician. Musician. Hosp-Ste. as Corp'l. as Corp'l. 374 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Munday, H. M. May 27,'64; Mustered out Sept. 30/64. Nelson, Emil R. Niles, Wm. B. - - - - as Corp'I. Nourse, Henry P. Oakes, Reginald Osborn, Clark Parkell, James E. •• •• •• •* as Corp'I Porter, Henry W. Pottenger, Sam'l K. Regan, Francis "' Never mustered. Register, Robert •• Mustered out Sept. 30, '64. Reynolds, Elisha B. Reighard, Alonzo Rude, Stephen B. *• •• *• *• as Corp'I. Rudd, William •• " •* *• as Serg't. Sanford, Roswell A. •• •• •• •* as Serg't. Scully, Simon Shaw, William H. •* •* •• '• aslstSrg. Sheldon, Arthur H. •• •• " " as Corp'I. Shultz, Frank A. Snyder, George Stephens, Thomas Taylor, Henry H. Thomas, Joseph A. •• •* •• " as Corp'I. Thomas, Henry B. *• Thomason, Andrew Vail, Isaac N. Vail, Walter S. - Wells, Daniel M. Wester velt, James D. •• Whitehead, Sumner A." Winchell, Herman Zenor, Edward Zimmerman, Joseph COMPANY "C." Freeman, Rufus L. May 27, '64; Mustered out Sept. 30, '64. COMPANY "D." Andrews, James May 27, '64; Mustered out Sept. 30, '64. Andrews, Frederick Ames, William F. MILITARY RECORD. 375 Akins, Samuel May 27, "64; Mustered out Sept. 30 Burnham, Joseph W. •• Boothroyd, Joseph Bemmis, Charles E. Burbaiik, Jerome Baily, George H. Bronson, Warren J. " Best, Martin •• •' Brewer, Enoch S. Cowden, William M. •• Cobb, John B. Crandall, Clark C. Cohen, Samuel Conner, Francis Collen, Thomas Doran, Edward F. Dunn, Francis H. Didate, Emil G. Deming, Samuel Earl, Alfred Faulkner, William C. " Glazier, Charles H. Hitchcock, George II. " Hamilton, Robert Hoffman, Fred Hulse, Warren Herrold, William Holladay, Frank Herpolsheimer, W. G. ** Higgins, Wm. G. Horner, Cornelius M. •• Hickman, Joseph S. Jolmson, Samuel C. Jacobs, Francis C. Jernegan, Edward King, Otis Klist, Charles Leeds, Walter 0. Morley, John B. McHenry, James Maynard, Henry Meachem, David 64. Com. Sergt. as Corporal. as bergeant. as Corporal. as Sergeant. as Wagon er> as Sergeant. as Musician Never mustered. Mustered out Sept. 30,'64. as Corporal. 876 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. 64. as Miller, Joseph May 27, '64; Mustered out Sept. 30, Miller. Charles E. McLain, Andrew W. Meech, Oliver S. McColley, Thomas If. Owens. James Y. ONeal, Frank Orr. Jolin Poisel, Francis M. Pngh. Zephuniali Richards, John F. Kccve, AVillinm AV. Rolx'its. Hcnrv Stovc)»s. Jaitics ^r. Selleck, William II. Smith. Adolpli Snyder, Jules Tebottlo. Fred Thompson. Georsre B. Tansch. Joseph A^anderwalker, E mmet Vanlin, Nelson Wliitner, David C. Woods, Henry H. Worthlev. Albert II. Willey, Riley C. J. Willard, George G. \^ alker. George Williams, David L. Washburn, David E. Watson, David •• Never mustered. Zimmerman, AVilliam •• Mustered out Sept. 30, '64. Corporal. Sergeant. as Musician. Corporal. as lat Sergt. OFFICERS. Jas. H. Shannon, May 27, '64: Colonel: mustered out with Regi't. Wm. H. Patton. •• IstLt.. pro. Cap.: mus. out wth Reg. Wm. W. Whitehead, - 2d - "IstLt. Robert M. Carr, - 2d - Jolui I>. McKahin •• Captain Philip Ij. Green 1st Lieutenant MILIT.ARY RECORD. 877 14;jd REGIMENT INFANTRY— ONE YEAR SERVICE. Fargher, John H. Feb. 17, '6.>: Must'd out Oct. 17, '6o. as Serg't. 151st REGIMENT INFANTRY— ONE YEAR 8ERYICE, COMPANY "A." SERGEAKTS. La Dour, Louis Feb. 7/65; Must, out Sept. 19, '65, as 1st Serg't. Sturges, Alonzo Vesper, John Feb. 10, •• Armtitroiig, Jno. H.Feb. 28. "65 " CORPORALS. Hull. Adam Feb. 7, '65; Mustered out Sept. 19, '65, Sergeant. Travis. Eraulus •• 10, Mandeville, J. W. - 10, Mackie, Philander" 28, Anderson. Joseph •• 23, Williams, George •* 10, Johnson, Laf. L. •• 10, Gavlord, Henrv •• 7, Died at Louisville, Ky., Mav 26, '65. Deserted July 10, '65. Mustered out Sept. 19, 'id6. Musician; mustered out Sept. 19, '^i^. PRIVATES. Allen, Sam'l Feb. 7, '65; Mustered out Sept. 19, '65. Bemis, Chas. E. 18 May 18, '65. Bunnel, Carey J. 10 Burnham. Jo. U. Closser, Sylvanus M •• Cram, Horace Couchman, D. S. Cox. Joseph H. Cox, Richard P. Copeland, Garland •• Croel, Theodore Jan. 28, '65 Cherry, George Demming, Charles 10, Dawson, Geo. A. 23, Dawson, John Darling, Silas R. 25, Eddy, Joseph Feb. 10, Emighj Frederick •• Pro. 2d Lieut. Mustered out Sept. 19, '65. Oct. 6,-- Sept. 19, '65. • July 28, • • Aug. 28,- • Oct. 3, • • Sept. 12,- • Sept. 19,- 378 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Deserted March , •• June 19, •• Sept. 19, COMPANY ''E.' CORPORALS. Eggleston, Daniel Feb. 17, '65; Must, out Sept. 19. '65, as Serg't. Robinson, John T. 18, Died at Tullahoma, May 15, '65. Osborn, Edward C. 17, . Mustered out Oct. 18, '65. MILITARY RECORD. 379 PRIVATES. Bowman, Henry Feb. 17, '65; Mustered out July 22, '65. Brewer, Timothy H. Deserted Au2. 11, '65. Colby, Ira 18, Died, Louisville, Ky., April 14,'65 Hill, Leonard 17, Mustered out Oct. 4, '65. McClure, Joseph 10, " •• Sept. 19, •• Petro, George 14, •• .. Smith, Henry 10, .. Williams. Milliken C. 14, •• •• Oct. 6, Wolird, John H. 21, •• •• Sept. 19, •• Wilkinson, Christopher •• •• •• Aug. 25, •• COMPANY "H." Hart, Franklin A. Feb. 28,'65; Mustered out Sept. 19, '65. Plumley, Amariah, COMPANY ''L" Harbor, Oliver H. Feb. 14,'65; Mustered out Sept. 19, '65. COMPANY '^K." Chase, Reuben Feb. 10, '65; 1st Serg., pro. 2d Lieutenant. Spaulding, John 21, Sergeant; Must, out Sept. 19, '65 Reynolds, David B. 19, Corporal; deserted Aug. 18, PRITATES. Anderson, Plenry C. Feb. 19,'65; Mustered out Sept. 19, Deserted July 11, Mustered out Sept. 19, Barker, William 20, Brooks, Boon IT, Brown, David J. IT, Buck, William 19, Burger, Michael Con ant, Henry IT, IT, Campbell, James Crowl, John F. 10, IT, George, James 19. Jepson, Christopher Johnson, John it; IT, Lambert, Asa J. 23, Nichols, Christopher IT, Ott, Joseph Reynolds, James I. IT, 19, Runion, Charles •• Died at Louisville, March 10. Discharged March 24, Mustered out Sept. 19, Oct. 5, •• as Corp'L 380 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Roberts, llugli Simpson, Enos P. Smitl). Harrison Vesper, John Whitnor, David ( Wvnn. Jesse Feb. 3, -6; n, 19, 10, 21, 26, Must, out Sept. 19,'65. Transferred to Company "A." Must, out Sept. 19, '65. John E. Sweet, March 4. " Michael Eagan. Feb 2U, Sylvanus M. Closser. 24, Louis La Dour. John B. Can-. John Scully, March 6, Reuben H. Chase, June 1. John Spaulding. P'eb. 21, OFFICERS. 65: Lieut. Col., must, out with Reg't. Cap. pro. Maj. •* 2d Lt. pro. IstLt. 2d Lieutenant 1st Lieut, rejected by Med. Examin'r. 2d Lt. pro. 1st Lt., died July 23, '65. 2d Lt. pro. 1st Lt., mus out with Rg. Sergeant; musted. out Sept. 19, '65. 155th REGIMENT INFANTRY— ONE YEAR SERVICE. COMPANY '^B." PRIVATES. Ash, William M. Feb. Alexander, John Alien, Nathan Betke, August Burk, David A. Behuke. August Brooks. Solomon jBnindt, William Bradley, Philander J. Brown, William Brown, Andrew P. BaTider. George W. Burge, Orrin P. 'Carr, George W. Cramer, Levi Coppock, Oliver D. •Comstock. James A. Chandler, John E. Douglit^rty, John A. JHlIman. Lemuel G. 14, 13, 9, 9, 13, 13, H, 14, 14, 11. 11, 14. 14, 13. 11, 11, 14, lo, 65; Mustered out Sept. 4, •• Aug. 4, Deserted Feb. 26, Mustered out Aug. 4, 66. June 24, Sept. 4 Aug May 11, Aug. 4, as Serg't. as Corporal. MILITARY RECORD. 381 Dennler. John Feb Dille, John Ely, Henry C. Fink, Peter C. Finch, John S. Forrester, William Forrester, James Fulmer, Marion Gommons, Edwin Green, John H. Griggs, Benoni G. Gaa, Coon Gaa, John Hersberger, Moses Huffman, Frederick 11 Hoover, Henry Vd, Hunt, Andrew B. 13, Hollenbeck, Horace 15, Harding, Joseph W. 13, Hays, Ezra Horstock, John Jacoby, Gideon Kronkright, Horace Leroy, John S. Lambert, Isaiah G. Leroy, Moses Leroy, Augustus H. Libey, John J. McGoggy, Isaac B. McGoggy, Daniel H. Miller, Philip Miller, George W. Miller, John A. Marsh Horace McGregor, William Melcher, Joseph Mackey, James H. Nevins, George 0. Nash, James H. Nichols, Thomas J. Parker, William H. . Parker. John 13,'65; Mustered out Aug. 4,'65. 1^, • • 9, 14, 13, 13, 13, 13, 14, 14, 9, 9, 14, Deserted July 16, Mustered out Aug. 1, *• •• June 13, •• •• Aug. 4, •• 44 U i' u u '« '^ June 20, " " Aug. 4, " o 21 14 19 14 13 (( li u 23 13 11 9 13 Promoted 2d Lieutenant^ Mustered out June 5, '65 '' Aug. 4, " May 11, " Aug. 4, " ^' "as Sergeant. June 21, " Aug. 4, ^' aslstSerg. " "as Sergeant. as CorporaL July 20, •' Aug. 4, '• 4C U 9 13 9 "as Sergeant. :^82 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Pierce, Watson Feb. 9,'65; Mustered out Aug. 4, '65. Pelton, Andrew J. (( a u li ll Paul, Lewis 13 u a u ll Pierce, Francis M. 14 ik ii. (( n Rush, George L. (( a a u ll Ramsby, Allen a *' li ii (( ReiUy, William u (( (( li u Reeves, Charles H. u (( ii (( Reekel, James F. (( Reamer, John W. 13 u (( (( Reeve, William W. ki a ii " as Corporal, Rush, Jacob S. a a ii ll Reprogle, William A. u a ii li Richards, William E. u (I u ll ll Steele, John W. 14 a (( ii -Smith, William P. u li u li Stanley, John u Sager, Martin 11 u it Shaw, Lemiah (( ll a Stevens, Solomon (( <.i ll Strawhacker, Samuel 9 ll ll ^Smith, James K. 13 u U ll Snell, Jefferson B. a u u Thompson, Rice C. 9 Thompson, Charles H. " Teeple, Thomas H. B. 13 (( (( u Teeple, Wm. H. u u (( u Thorp, Amos u i( (( ll t( Timm, Michael 21 u (( %i Underwood, Daniel 19 a u (( Vandusen, William 13 Mustered out May 17. u Wilson, Channing '' Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Wilson, James 1 Mustered out Aus 4, '65. Wilson, James H. 21 li a (( Woodward, Horace 13 a u May 11, (( Watson. Cyrus C. 14 a (( Autr. 4, a Wilson, Orrison i.i Promoted 2d Lieutenant. Wolfe.'ibarger, Philip u Mustered out Aug. 4, '65. Zimmerman, Joseph 13 u (( ii COMPANY ^'C." Corn well, Jesse L. March 30,'65; Promoted Captain. MILITARY RECORD. 388 Fanny, Frederick March 14,'65; Mustered out Aug. 4, '65. nning'^, Curtis Je Roseberrj, Wni Skinner, James West. Dion B. 80, n. - 11, .. 11, '-^ 30, " Deserted April 2, COMPANY "G." PRIVATES. Discharged May 18, " Deserted April 12, " Battve, Uriah H. March 30,'65; Must, out Aug. 4, '65, Musician. £)idat, Nicholas '^ 25, " " " " Durand, Edgar H. " 21, " " " " Haws, George " 18, Livings, John April 5, Porter, John March 18, Werner, Ernst March 23, COMPANY "H." Oompton, George March 2, '65; Must, out Aug. 4,'65. Kiseminski, Casimir " 21, " Lee, Frank " 14, " Onger, August Feb. 10, " Schaw, Leonard Jan. 26, " Timm, John A. March 16, «' Tebottle, Fred Jan 26, Westfall, Frederick H. " 14 as Sergeant. COMPANY "L" Chalfant, Evan A. xA.pril 11, '65; Mustered out June 5, '65. OFFICERS. John D. McRahin, April 18, '65; Cap. pro. Lt. Col.; mus. o. with Rg. Elias M. Lowe, '' 34, " 2d Lt. pro. Q. M.; Orrison Wilson, March 23, " Captain ; Joseph W. Harding, April 3," 1st Lieutenant; Canning Wilson, March 23, " 2d " a a u a u n (( u U. S. COLORED TROOPS. UNASSIGNED RECRUITS. Anderson, Ross Sept. 26, '64. Banks, George Oct. 15, " Burden, Thompson Sept. " 884 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Bennett, John Sept. 13,'6o; Caesar, Julius " 26, " Caldwell. Tillman " 13, '* Evans, John Sept. 3, '64; Mustered out May 29, '65. George, Wm. Oct. 4, " '' " ' '' Johnson, William •' 28, *' Kemp, Henry '' 13, " Roberts. William '' 22, " .vmI/ ::,;.• THIRD BATRERY. RECRUITS ASSIGN^ED BUT NOT BORNE ON THE MUSTER OUT ROLL. James, John Aug. 24, '61; Died of wounds Oct. 7, '62. FOURTH BATTERY. Asahel K. Bush, Sept. 30,'61; Capt.; discharged to enter Inva,lid Corps, Sept. 29, '63. Henrv J. Willits, May- 23,'62; 2d Lieut.; pro. 1st Lieut, and mus. out Oct. 6, '64. Geo. M. Lamb, Jan. 9,'6o; 1st Lieut.; mustered out with Battery. J. W. McCleary, Sept. 30, '61 ; 1st Serg't, promoted 2d Lieutenant. Henry H. Woods, '' Serg.; discharged July 10, '65. Thomas G. Ormrod, " " Discharged May 20, '63.. Harvey Turner " " Discharged June 10, '62. CORPORALS. Haddock, Joseph C. (( Lo(,'kwood, James u Ward, AVilliam P. l( Macadoo, John a Richards, Robert i.' Clark, Samuel J. a Bouchard, John B. u Artificer; discharged Dec. 14, '62. Pecore, Joseph i.C '' " :Xov. 16, '61. Potter, Benjamin 0. ii July 2, '62. Holland, Ernest u a Dunn, John W. u Bugler; pro. 2d Lieut. 40th Reg't. Barber, Silas ii Wag'r: died, Stevenson, Nov. 2, '63. PRIVATES. Albert, Peter (.t Trs. to V. R. C, Aug. --,'63. Alexander, John a Discharged Sept. 2, " Arnold, Edwin V. li MILITARY RECORD. 385 Ashton, Simon R. Sept. 30,' Blair, Gorham B. Brown, Oscar D. " Brock way, Asahel " Copp, Eliphalet " Cook, CharJes " Corey, Edmund 0. " Cross, Norman B. " Dewolfe, Joseph E. " Doing, Hiram '^ Disard, John " Fasold, Harmon " Forbes, George " Forbes, Wallace W. '^ Francis, Willis T. " Gillespie, Micajah D. '' Glime, Nelson " Goodhue, George W. " Hainer, Robert H. " Hainer, Daniel W. " Harrold, James " Hill, Edmund C. Hill, James " Horn, Albert " Huff, Mathias " Jacobs, Edwin S. " Johnston, George W. " Jones, John " Jones, Edward " Kasbaum, Charles " Lawrence, George " Long, Gideon P. " Low, Charles 0. " Logan, Edmond J. " Madaline, Ames " Maze, Alexander " Miller, Henry McLain, Andrew W. '' McLellan, Belding R. " Nugent, Edmond T. " Nugent, Thomas " Olvaney, John " 61; Discharged March 21, '63. '' Dec. 14,'62, as Corporal. Died, Camp Wood, Ky., Feb. 8, '62. Discharged Feb. 17, '62. Discharged April 4, '64. Discharged Jan. 27, '63. Discharged July 2, '62. Mustered out Jan. 14, '65. Discharged March 28, '63. Vet.; mus. out Aug. 1,'65, 1st Sergt. Discharged April 11, '63. Killed, at Stone River, Dec. 30, '62. Discharged April 22, '63. Discharged Oct. 8, '62. Discharged Dec. 8, '63. Discharged Aug. 26, '68. Discharged March 4, '64. Discharged April 4, '62. Discharged Oct. 8, '62. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, '62. Killed at Perryville, Ky. Oct. 8,'62. 25 886 HISTORY OF LA FOKTE COUNTY Peabody, Samue! Sept. 3), "61. Perdoil William Reynolds, Oscar Reynolds, Isaac Richie, Dyer Riley, Edward Roberts, Henry R. Selzer, Mathias Shreve, Thomas Sisson, John B. Smith, Edraond Small, James F. Sperry, David V. Sonenberg, Augustus T remain, Russell Vanauken, John Wells, Orrin W. Youngs, Henry A. Discharged Dec. 13, "6*2. Discharged Feb. 17, '62. Discharged; date unknown. Died at Murfreesboro, Jan. 9, '63. Discharged Feb. 1, '63. Veteran. Transferred to V. R. C RECRUITS. Barringer, John R. May 20, '63; Mustered out July 20, '65. Blessing. Michael Oct. 19, '64; ^' " Aug. 1, " Chipman, Frederick A. Nov. 14,'64;" " Nov. 14, '65. FIFTH BATTERY. Ellison, Jacob F. Nov. 22, '61; 1st Serg., pro. 2d Lieut, and Is Lt.; mus. out term exp. Allen Munday, Nov. 22, '61; 2d Lieut.; res. April 20, '63. Allen, Joseph M Donley, David R. P. June 25, '62. Miles, Richard P. " Kendall, Henry M. McCollum, Benjamin F." Miller. Claud C. Serg.; discharged Nov. 10, '64. " accid't killed, Hun:sville, Ala. Corp.'; discharged Jan. 19, '63. (: u a P. u " must. out. Nov. 26, '64. Bugler: discharged. PRIVATES. Akely, L. W. Nov. 22,'61 ; Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Bauragartner, Albert " '• " '' Beckner, Joel " Blenk, Joseph '" Beckler, Henry " Discharged Nov. 12, '62 MILITARY RECORD. 387 Backhaus, Cas. Nov. 22,'61; Died at Murfreesboro, Tn. July 12/63. Crance, McAdoo " Vet.; trans, to 7th Battery. Crance, Michael " Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Donlj, Joseph H. " " " " as Sergeant. Darlington, Wils. M." Discharged; date unknown. Everhart, John " Died at LaPorte, Ind., June 1, '62. Evans, Thomas " Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Ehrich, Frederick " Killed at Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, '62. Egner, John " Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Forry, Abraham " Disch'd Jan. 29,'63, wounded, lost arm. Hupp, Ormond '' Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Hornebeck, Peter L." Henry, William " Transf. to V. R. C. March 15, '64. Johnson, Benj. F. " Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Kelley, Stephen " Veteran; transf. to 7th Battery. Klocksiem, Charles '' Mustered out Nov. 26, '64. Miller, Charles W. " Must, out Nov. 26, '64, as Corporal. Petit, Andrew " '^ '' '• Weckerlin, Henry J." Vet.: transferred to 7th Battery. Donly, Wm. PL Jan. 11, '62; Recruit; trans, to 7th Battery. Hughey, Joseph Nov. 23,'61 " Mus. out Nov. 26/64, as Q. M. Serg. THIRTEENTH BATTERY. Culp, Lewis F. April 1,'62; Veteran; mustered out July 10, '65. Sherman, Aaron " 14, '64; Recruit '' '^ " Slain, Jacob A. " Selkirk, John Sept. 1, '64; 2d Lieut.; promo. 1st Lieut.; mustered out with Batterv. FOURTEENTH BATTERY. Cox, Samuel T. Feb. 11, '64; Mustered out Sept. 1, '65. Lozer, Albert " 19, " '' " " TWENTY-FIRST BATTERY. Fravel, Theophilus A. Sept. 9,'62; 1st Serg.; disch. March 22, 1 63. Ridgeway, Orville M. " Sergt.; must, out June 26, '65. Gordon, Charles M. " Artificer; disch. March 10,'64. 388 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. PRIVATES. Aldrich, Isaac M. Sep.9,'62; Discharged Feb. 10, '64. Chapman, Henry C. " '^ March 3, '63. - Chapman, Francis M. " " Jan. 1, ** Cunningham, Thos. W. " Mustered out June 26, '65. Davis, Reuben " Discharged March 23, '63. Elias, Charles F. " Mustered out June 26, 'Q5. Fredzon, Charles " '' '' " France, Christian " " " " France, George B. '' Discharged Oct. 27, '63. Hohner, Jacob " Died, Chicamauga, Sep. 20,'63, wods. Hulburt, John W. " Must, nut June 26, ^65, as Corporal. Klinefeldt, Carl " " " '* Williams, Benj. F. "■ '' '' '' Williams, George W. " '' •' •' Wescott, Charles L. •' Died at Murfreesboro, Auir. o,"63. RECRUITS. Gates, Columbus Nov. 23, '64; Mustered out June 26, 6o. Reed, Peter R. March 4, " '' May 11, Rodefer, Chas. E. Nov. 23," " June 26, OFFICERS. Wm. W. Andrew, Sept. 9,'62; Capt.; dis. Sept. 16, '64. disability. Abram P. Andrew, '' 2d Lieut.; promoted 1st Lieut, and Captain ; mustered out with Battery. TWENTY-THIRD BATTERY. McComber, Thomas Nov. 8, '62 ; Deserted Jan. 12, '63. ADDITIONAL NAMES OMITTED FROM FOREGOING LISTS, OR UNACCOUNTED FOR. Capt. Wm. H. Merritt, 9th Reg.; mustered out Sept. 28, '6o. Charles W. White, Lemuel Cox, 15th Regiment. J. R. Williams, '^ Edward S. Abbey, 20th Reg ; died in Libbey Prison, July 20, '62. Charles Aldrich, •' disch. Dec. 18, '62, wounds. Henry M. Goodsell, •' " Nov. 23,'61 David Hackett, " MILITARY RECORD. 389 Henry Holmouth, 20th Reg.; dich'd May 2,'63, disability. Alonzo H. Lamb, " died July 21, '63, wounds. Laurin S. Boyce, 29th Reg.; mus. out July 18,'65, as HospStew'd. Wm. Dunham, '' " " Dec. 20, '65. Wm. Z. Masten, 155 Reg.: mustered out May 22, '65. James Six, Homer 0. Blackman, 1st U. S. Vet. Vol. Engineers, Artificer. Simon Ames, " " " " mus. o. Sep. 26,65 Wm. Mackey, " " " " Artificer. Isaas N. Nelson, " " " " The foregoing pages exhibit more forcibly than any words of the writer, the vast service which La Porte county rendered in the war for the maintenance of the Union. Rightfully can the boast be made that few counties in the State manifested a greater devotion to the country. These long lists of names will stand in all coming time, speaking witnesses for the loyalty which dominated the hearts of the people. To complete thj noble record, there is here given a brief outline of the service of each regiment that contained any very large number of the men of this county. The Ninth regiment was organized and mustered for the three months service, at Indianapolis, on the 25th of April, 1861. Fore- most of all, it left Indianapolis for Western Virginia, on the 29th day of May, and bore a part in all the first campaign in that region, participating in the engagements at Philippi, Laurel Hill, and Car- rick's Ford. It returned home in the latter part of July, was re- organized at La Porte, and was mustered in for the three years service on the 5th day of September. Sent again to Western Vir- ginia, it took part in the battles of Green Brier, and Allegheny. In July 1862, it was transferred to Buell's arn-y in Tennessee, was assigned to Nelson's division, and arrived on the battle-field of Shiloh, in time to participate in the second day's combat. Here Adjutant Patton was killed. The Ninth was active in all the work which followed in Tennessee and Kentucky, in the long marches after Bragg, in the engagements at Perryville, Danville and Wild Cat mountain, in the three days' battle of Stone river, in the bloody two days at Chicamauga, where Lieut. Nickston was killed, and the battles that freed Chattanooga from the grasp of Bragg's army, on the 24th and 25th of November, 1863. On the 12th of December 390 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. 1863, it re-enlisted as a veteran organization, and the men received a short veteran furlough. When this was over the regiment re- turned to Tennessee, and was ready to enter on the campaign against Atlanta in the Spring and Summer of 1864. It bore its full share of the work in all that hundred days of fighting, fought again and again at Columbia, Franklin and Nashville, and assisted in the pursuit of Hood's shattered army, following to Huntsville, Alabama. Here it remained from the 6th day of January to the 13th of March, 1865, when it marched into East Tennesse'^ and back to Nashville. It was soon afterwards moved to the vicinity of New Orleans, La., and theiice to Texas, where it remained until Sept. 1865, when ic was mustered out of service, and the men returned to their homes in Indiana. The Fifteenth regiment was mustered into the service of the United States for three years at LaFayette, on the 14th day of June, 1861, and its first campaign was in West Virginia, taking part in the operations at Rich Mountain, the repulse of Lee and the battle of Green Brier. On the 19th of November it was sent to Louisville, joined Buell's army, and marched for Shiloh with that command, arriving during the progress of the battle, in which it engaged and rendered excellent service. It participated in the ad- vance on Corinth, was engaged in the pursuit ot Bragg towards Cumberland Gap, was at the battle of Perry ville and in many skir- mishes and engagements. In November, 1862, it was joined to the reorganized Army of the Cumberland under Rosecrans. It participated in the great battle of Stoneriver in which it lost heavily. Here, Capt. Joel W. Foster was killed. It was at Tullahoma, in the advance to Chattanooga, being in Wagner's division which was the first to enter the city after its evacuation by the rebel army. Here it remained on post duty, until the latter part of Novem- eer, 1863, when it bore a noble part in the fight at Mission Ridge, losing 202 out of 334 men engaged. It then marched to East Ten- nessee to the relief of Gen. Burnside at Knoxville. It remained in this vicinity until February, 1864, when it went to Chattanooga, and did garrison duty until the 16th of June, when it left for Indi- anapolis^to be mustered out of the service, its term of tlii-ee years MILITARY RECORD. 391 having expired. A portion of the regiment having re-enlisted as veterans, these were transferred to the Seventeenth regiment. The Twentieth regiment was organized at La Fayette in July, 1861, and was mustered in for three years, at Indianapolis, on the 22nd of that month. On the 2nd day of August it started for the field, and its first duty was in Maryland, guarding the Northern Central railroad. In September, it was sent to Hatteras Inlet, North Carolina. Ordered to Hatteras Bank, forty miles from the fortifications, it was attacked by an overwhelming force of the enemy; and being destitute of artillery, it was forced to fall back to the fortifications. On the 9th of November, it went to Fortress Monroe, where it remained until March, 1862, when it was sent to Newport News, where it participated, from the shore, in the engage- ment between the rebel iron-clad, Merrimac, and the United States ships, Cumberland and Congress. On the 10th of May it moved to Norfolk, assisted in its capture, and then joined the Army of the Potomac on the Peninsula. In all the battles on the Peninsula, this regiment bore a gallant part, and its losses were heavy. Lieut. John W. Andrew of La Porte, was one of those who fell. It was engaged also in the second battle of Bull Run, where its Col- onel was killed, and in the battle of Chantilly. The losses in the division to which it belonged had been so heavy, especially in ofiicers that it did not participate in the Maryland campaiorn which followed. But it was engaged at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and the second day at Gettysburg, Avhere it lost another Colonel, and many other officers and men. In all the pursuit of Lee it bore a prominent part, taking part in several sharp engagements, and was afterwards sent to New York to assist in the suppression of the threatened riots in that city ; but it was back again with the Army of the Potomac in time to participate in the engagements at Locust Grove and Mine river in November, 1863. On the Ist of January, 1864, at Culpepper, Virginia, a portion of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans. In all the arduous service, and tremendous battles of the Array of the Potomac, after Grant became Commander-in-Chief, the Twentieth participated, from the time of the crossing of the Rapidan to the fall of Richmcnd, and the surrender of Lee, its last engagement being at Clover Hill, on the 9th of April. 1865. 592 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Then it marched to Washington, was moved thence to Louisville, and was mustered out on the 12th day of July, 1865. The Twenty-ninth regiment was organized at La Porte, and mus- tered for the three years service on the 27th day of August, 1861. It moved for the field, and joined Gen. Rousseau at Camp Nevin, Kentucky, on the 9th of October. It participated iu the movement on Bowling Green and Nashville, and moved from the latter place to the Tennessee river, and was hotly engaged in the battle of Shiloh, being under fire more than five hours. In this battle it suffered severely. In the movement against Corinth, it sustained an active pnrf, mid upon the evacuation of that place by the rebels, it moved Wiilj Ijueil's army, into Kentucky, participated in the long pursuit of Bragg, returning to Nashville in December, 1862. Marching out with Rosecrans' army toward Murfreesboro, it was engaged in the long three days battle of Stone river, losing heavily in officers and men. Among the slain on the first day, Dec. 31st, 1862, was Capt. Frank Stebbins, of La Porte. It was engaged in the campaign which followed against Chattanooga, participating in the skirmishes at Lavergne, Triune and Liberty Gap. It was engaged both days in the great battle of Chicamauga, sustaining heavy losses. It was then stationed for a time at Bridgeport, Ala- bama, where on the 1st day of January, 1864, it re-enlisted as Sj veteran organization, and was sent home on veteran furlough. Returning to the field, it was stationed for a time at Chattanooga, and in December, 1864, went to Decatur, Alabama, where on the 27th, it had a brisk skirmish with the enemy. Returning to Chat- tanooga, it remained there until May, 1865, when it moved to Dalton, Georgia, thence to Marietta, in October, and was soon after mustered out of service. The Thirty-fifth regiment was organized at Indianapolis and mustered on the 11th of December, 1861. On the 18th it left for Kentucky, going to Bardstown where it remained six weeks in a camp of instruction, and then moved with Buell's army to Bowling Green and Nashville. From Nashville the regiment moved to Mc- Minnville, and thence in September, 1S62, with BuelTs army to Louisville, and afterwards in pursuit of Br.-icTJ:, participating in the skirmishes of the march, and the battle of Perry ville. On the 9th MILITARY RECORD. 393 of December, 1862, it had a severe skirmish with the enemy at Dobbin's Ford, near Lavergne, while on a foraging expedition. It was in the battle of Stone river in each of the three days, sustaining a loss of one-third of its number. It participated in the march upon Chattanooga, and fought again at Chicamauga, sustaining heavy losses. On the 16th of December, 1863, it re-enlisted as » veteran organization, and received the usual furlough. It returned to Tennessee in February, 1864, and took part in all the operations of the historical Atlanta campaign, exhibiting on several occasions determined bravery and gallantry. It returned from Georgia into Tennessee to participate in the operations against Hood, fought at Franklin and Nashville, and followed in the pursuit of Hood as far as Duck river, when it was assigned to the charge of the pontoon train. It was now for a time at Huntsville, then at Knoxville, and returned to Nashville in the Spring of 1865. In June it was transferred with the 4th corps, to Texas, and in September was mustered out of service and returned home. The Forty-eighth regiment was organized at Goshen. It left for Paducah, Kentucky, in February, 1862, and remained there until May, when it moved up the Tennessee, and joining the left wing of the army under Pope, engaged in the siege of Corinth. After the evacuation of that strong-hold it followed in pursuit of the retreating rebel army as far as Boonville, Miss. On the 19th of September, after various marches and counter marches during the summer, it participated in the battle of luka, where it lost one- fourth of the number engaged, its Colonel, Norman Eddy, being among the number of the severely wounded. It fought again at Corinth on the 3d and 4th of October, and then took part in the pursuit of Price. It afterwards moved with Grant's army of West Tennessee, along the Mississippi Central R. R. as far as Oxford, and then marched to Memphis. Remaining here about two months, it was moved down the Mississippi, and took part in the operations which were designed to reach the rear of Vicksburg, engaging in the long, circuitous, and toilsome movement through the Moon lake passes, the Coldwater and Tallahatchie rivers, to Fort Pemberton on the Yazoo. Returning thence it passed with the main army below Vicksburg, crossed the river, and participated in all the 394 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COrXTY. movements for the reduction of that place, fighting at Raymond, Jackson and Champion Hills, on the 13th, 14th, and 16th of May. It took part in the assault on the rebel works at Vicksburg on the 22d of May, and was engaged in the trenches during the long siege of that place, which ended in its surrender on the 4tii day of July, *-1863. The regiment was afterwards moved up the river to Mem- phis, and then marched across the country to Chattanooga, reaching there in time to participate in the battle of Mission Ridge. It as- sisted in the pursuit of Bragg's army; and in January, 1864, it re-enlisted, and returned home on veteran furlough, upon the expira- tion of which it returned to the field, and was at Huntsville, Alabama, until June, when it was moved to Cartersville, Georgia, and kept on duty there for the protection of Sherman's railroad communica- tions during the campaign against Atlanta. Upon the beginning of Hood's invasion of Tennessee, it moved with Sherman's grand army through Georgia to Savanah, It went thence to Beaufort, S. C, and then engaged in the campaign through the Carolinas to Raleigh. After the surrender of Johnson's army, it moved to Petersbug, Virginia, and thence to Washington, where after the grand review, it was transferred to Louisville, and mustered out of service on the 15th of July, 1865. The Seventy-third regiment was organized at South Bend, and mustered into service on the 16th day of August, 1862, with Gil- bert Hathaway, of La Porte, as Colonel. It was immediately or- dered to Lexington, Kentucky, from whence it marched to Louis- ville, was united to Buell's army, and engaged in the pursuit of Bragg, was at the fight at Chaplin Hills, and on the 7th of Novem- ber, surprised and drove the enemy out of Gallatin, Tenn. It then moved to Nashville, where it joined Rosecrans' army, and bore a distinguished part in the battle of Stone river, where it lost one- third of its number, and immediately after the battle was compli- mented by Gen. Rosecrans in person. On the 10th of April, 1863, it was assigned to Col. Streight's "Independent Provisional Brig- ade." It moved down the Cumberland and up the Tennessee to Eastport, .Miss. Here it was mounted by impressments from the country, and moved to Tuscumbia, Alabama, and left that place on the 28th of April on its hazardous expedition. The brigade was MILITARY RECORD. 395 only 1,500 strong, and on the 30th of April, it Avas attacked at Day's Gap, by 4,000 rebel cavalry under Forest and Roddy, who, by a spirited charge, were driven from the field, losing their artil- lery. The rebels again attacked at Crooked Creek, on the same day, and were again repulsed. The provisional brigade was again attacked at Blount's Farm, Alabama, on the 2d of May, and here Col. Hathaway was killed while at the head of his men, cheering them on. Surrounded by superior forces, and nearly out of ammu- nition, Col. Streight was compelled to surrender. The men were soon forwarded north and exchanged, but the officers were kept in close confinement by the rebels nearly two years. For several months the men were in camp, and were then sent to Tennessee, where on the 28th of March, 1864, Major, afterwards Col. Wade, being released from rebel prison, assumed command of the regiment. During the Summer it was engaged in guarding the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad, and picketing the Tennessee river, rendering extremely important service. It defended Prospect, Tenn., during Wheeler's raid, and in the latter part of September was ordered to Decatur, Alabama, and from there to Athens. This place Col. Wade was ordered to hold, and at once he put it in a condition for defense. The rebels attacked on the 1st of October, 4,000 strong, while the garrison numbered 500. A demand for surrender was refused, and the next day the rebels retired. The regiment was then sent to Decatur, to assist in the defense of that place. It bore an honorable pait in the repulse of Hood. In January, 1865, it was moved to IluiiltfvillL', Ala., and placed on duty along the line of the Memphis and Charleston railroad, having frequent skirmishes with the enemy. It remained on this duty until the Summer of 1865, when on the 1st day of July, at Nashville, it was mustered out of service. The Eighty-seventh regiment was organized at South Bend on the 28th of August, 1862. It was mustered in at Indianapolis, and on the same day proceeded to Louisville, Kentucky, and immedi- ately entered on the campaign with Buell's army, against Bragg, engaging in the battle of Perryville. After the close of this cam- paign, it was engaged in various marches and skirmishes, and on the 23d of June, 1863, moved with the army of the Cumberland 396 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. and engaged in the Summer campaign against Tullahoma, which place it assisted in capturing, and them moved to Winchester, Tenn., and soon after, over the mountains to Battle Creek on the Tennessee river. It participated in the Fall campaign against Chattanooga, and bore an honorable and conspicuous part in the bloody battle of Chicamauga, on the 19th and 20th of September, 1863, where among its numerous losses, Lieut. Abram C. Andrew, of La Porte, was killed. Col. Newell Gleason was now in command of the regi- ment. Col. Shryock, its first Colonel, having resigned on the 28th of the preceding March. On the 25th of November it was in the front line of the brigade in the storming of Mission Ridge, and afterwards engaged in the pursuit of the enemy to Ringold, Ga. It was engaged in the expedition against Dalton in February, 1864, and in the laborious campaign against Atlanta, it bore its full share of arduous duty, of march, skirmish and battle. It assisted in the pursuit of Hood after the fall of Atlanta, as far northward as Gayles- ville, Alabama. It then returned to Atlanta, and marched with Sherman to the sea, and back through the Carolinas to Goldsboro, N. C. Thence it went to Raleigh, remained there until after the surrender of Johnson's army, when it marched to Richmond, Vir- ginia, and thence to Washington, participated in the gencal review, and was mustered out of service on the 10th day of June, I860. The One Hundred and Twenty-seventh regiment (Twelfth Caval- ry,) was organized at Kendallville, on the 1st of March, 1864, with Rev. Edward Anderson as Colonel. Early in May, the regiment proceeded to Indianapolis, and thence to Louisville and Nashville. It remained at the latter place three weeks, when it was ordered to Huntsville, Ala., and was assigned to guard railroad defenses, and watch the country between the river and the railroad, which was infested by guerillas and bush whackers. In pursuance of this duty, the regiment became engaged in many skirmishes, losing considera- ble in killed and wounded. On the 15th of September, 1864, it was ordered to TuUahoma, to garrison that post. Here it was con- stantly employed in watohing the rebel General Forest, who was threatening Tullahoma with a large force, and with his forces it had several sharp skirmishes. Three companies, "C," ''D," and *'H," were at Huntsville, and assisted in the defense of that place MILITARY RECORD. 397 against an attack of a portion of Forest's command on the 1st of October. It had other engagements with Forest's ' command at Murfreesboro and elsewhere, and proceeding to Nashville late in the Fall, it went into winter quarters. On Feby. 11, 1865, it embarked on board transport stean.ers, and went to Vicksburg, Miss., thence to New Orleans, arriving on the 12th of March, 1865. It next was sent to Mobile bay and participated in the operations against the defenses of Mobile. After the fall of Mobile, the regiment partici- pated in an extensive cavalry raid into Georgia, thence across Alabama, and to Columbus, Miss., where it arrived on the 20th day of May, 1865. From this ])\ace a portion of the regiment was sent to Grenada, Miss., and a part to Austin, on the Mississippi river, while the remaining companies remained at Columbus. All were engaged chiefly in protecting government cotton and other property until they were ordered to Vicksburg, where the regiment was mustered out on the 10th day of November, 1865. The One Hundred and Twenty-eighth regiment was mustered into service on the 18th day of March, 1864, at Michigan City, On the 23d it left Michigan City by rail, and proceeded to Nashville, where it was assigned to Gen. Hovey's division, and at once started on the march to Charleston, East Tennessee, where it joined the 23d corps under command of Gen. Schofield, and on the 4th of May it left Charleston to enter on the one hundred days campaign against Atlanta. It participated in the movements about Dalton, Buzzard's Roost, and Rocky Face, and having moved with Sher- man's army through Snake Creek Gap, it shared in the battle of Resaca; and in all the subsequent campaign, in marcliing, flanking and fighting, it bore a distinguished part. On the 6th day ot June, 1865, the Colonel, Richard P. De Hart, was wounded, and the command devolved on the Lieutenant Colonel during all the subse- ([uent service of the regiment. After the fall of Atlanta, the regi- ment went to Decatur, Georgia, and on the 4th of October, it moved with its corps in pursuit of Hood, w^ho was reported march- ing northward. Then Sherman's whole army moved after him, past Alatoona, Resaca, Rome, and as far as Gaylesville, Alabama. From this place the regiment marched with its corps to Chattanoo- ga, and thence to Nashville, whence it was pushed out hurriedly 3^^8 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. toward Hood's new front, as far as Pulaski, Tenn. So soon as it was ascertained that Hood was crossing the Tennessee river, a new position was taken at Columbia. Three days heavy skirmishing ensued, when the army under Schofield fell back to Franklin, where the regiment was engaged so hotly as to leave thirty-seven rebels dead in its front, though its own losses were few in number. On the loth and 16th of December, it participated in the battle of Nashville, and assisted in the pursuit of Hood, driving his shattered and demoralized army beyond the Tennessee river. It moved next to Clifton on the river, where it embarked on steamers, and moved to Cincinnati, and thence by rail to Washington, and soon after to Alexandria, from whence on the 20th of February it embarked on an ocean steamer, and landed at Morehead City, North Carolina, moving thence by rail to Newbern. It then moved up the railroad towards Raleigh, was engaged in the battle of Wise's Forks below Kinston, on the 10th of March, where it lost heavily, and after- wards marched to Goldsboro. It was then sent to LeNoir Insti- tute, where it remained until the 9th of April, when it moved to Raleigh, with the entire army, Sherman having come from the sea. It was on duty in the city of Raleigh when the news came ot the assassination, and it was only by extra vigilance that the city was saved from destruction. It was sent from Raleigh after the surren- der of Johnston's army, to Charlotte, and two months afterw^ards to Salisbury; where it remained in charge of the forty-three counties of Western North Carolina, until the 10th day of April, 1866. when it proceeded to Indianapolis, and was mustered out 'on the 18th of that month, being the last in service, of the Indiana troops. The One Hundred and Fifty-first regiment was organized at Indianapolis, March 3, 1865, for one year's service, and did post and garrison duty at Tullahoma and Nashville, Tenn., until the 19th of September, when it was mustered out of service. The One Hundred and Fifty-fifth regiment was organized at In- dianapolis, April 18, 1865, and moved thence to Washington, and Alexandria, and was soon afterwards assigned to garrison and post duty, in Maryland ani Delaware, remaining in service until August 4th, 1805, when it was mustered out at Dover, Delaware. The Fourth battery of light artillery, was mustered into service at MILITARY RECORD. 899 Indianapolis on the 30tli day of September, 1861. It bore an eminent part in the campaigns of Buell against Bragg, Rosen- <}rans', including the bloody battles of Stone river and Chicamauga, and Grant's in the relief of Chattanooga, always rendering most efficient and valuable service. It was reorganized on the 14th day of October, 1864, and participated in the fight with Hood at Nash- ville. On the 1st day of August, 1865, it was mustered out of service at Indianapolis. The Fifth battery of light artillery was mustered in November 22, 1861. It went to the front without delay, and in the month of March, 1862, it assisted in the capture of Huntsville, Ala. It bore an active and gallant part, in all the campaigns and operations of the armies of Buell, Rosecrans, Grant and Sherman, in the years 1862, '63, and '64, in Tennessee and Georgia, participated m all the important battles, and innumerable smaller engagements and skirmishes. At Pine mountain Capt. Simonson was killed, and here a gun from this artillery killed the rebel General Bishop Polk. It was mustered out on the 26th of November, '64, at Indianapohs. The Twenty-first battery was mustered in on the 9th of Septem- ber, 1862, and immediately left for Covington, Ky^ It engaged in a varied round of duty, in marches nnd skirmishes, in Kentucky and Tennessee. It was engaged at Hoover's Gap, Chicamauga arid Mission Ridge in 1863. It was also in the fight at Nashville, on the 15th and 16th of December, 1864. On the 17th of September, 1864. Capt. Wm. W. Andrew was discharged by reason of disabili- ty, caused by wounds, and Abram P. Andrew became Captain. On the 21st dav of June, 1865, it was mustered out at Indianapolis. 400 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. CHAPTER XXI. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. The history of the churches of LaPorte county, must for a portion of our people, if not all of them, possess a deep interest. The author has therefore been at great pains to make this record as complete as possible, In the search for facts on this subject, he was fortunate enough to enlist the interest of Rev. G. M. Boyd, Presiding Elder of the LaPorte district, who kindly furnished him the following paper, which gives a very full history of the Methodist Episcopal church in this county. We write partly from personal observation, having been on the ground as early as the fall of 183G, but mainly from official docu- ments, such as the minutes of the annual conferences, and the journals of the quarterly conferences. In some cases we have not been able to get access to such quarterly conference minutes, as was necessary to a full knowledge of the facts we desired to bring out in our historical sketch. In speaking of the year, the reader will bear in mind that we refer to the conference year, which in our conference has always commenced in the Fall when the annual session was held. Another fact to be mentioned here, is. that for the first few years, the county was ecclesiastically connected with territory in other counties, the circuits beino; large. Tliis will account for the fre- quent mention of other places not in the county. In the Fall of 1882 the first session of the Indiana conference was held, and the State was divided into five Presiding Elder's districts, the most northern of which was called Missionary District. To this, Rev. James Armstrong was appointed as Presiding El- der, or as he is called that year in the minutes. Superintendent. It is due to the memory of that eminent minister to say ' that -his dis- trict was a laborious one, extending from near Lafayette on the Wabash to Kalamazoo in the State of Michigan ; and from the Ohio CHURCH RECORD. 401 line on the east to Illinois on the west. This same Fall La Porte Mission was organized, and he received also the appointment of missonar}^ thereto. By his arrangement as Presiding Elder, Boyd Phelps, who was stationed at Fort Wayne, and R. S. Robinson and G. M. Bostwnck of St. Joseph Mission, supplied also La Porte Mis- sion, as Mr. Armstrong's extensive work gave him but little time to attend to the duties of the missionary. The number of members returned at the close of the year for the mission was one hundred and forty. Mr. Armstrong found when he came to the work, that a small class had been formed at a Mr. Aehart's near where West- ville now stands, by Jeremiah Sherivood, a local preacher who had preceded him in the county. This was the fjrst class of Metho- dists formed in the county, if not the first Protestant organization of any kind. In the Fall of that year, Mr. Armstrong formed a class at Door Village, or on a log in the grove where the village now stands. This place like the land of Moriah, became consecrated ground. Here, during the next Summer, the infant church built a small chapel in which they worshiped for several years. It was erected on the site where the present church stands, and was the first house^j^of worship, built north of the Wabash River. Of the men who united w ith that class, but few are alive. Lewis Keith and Thomas W. Sale still like veterans, linger among us. In 1833 the district was called North Western District, and Mr. Armstrong was Presiding Elder, and the mission was included in the South Bend circuit; Boyd Phelps being sent as the preacher, with Thos. P. Mc Cool as his assistant. This year several new societies or classes were orgamzed in the county, La Porte I think was one, and an- other at Silas Hale's on Stilwell Prairie, and another at the house of Thomas Robinson in the south-west part of the county. The circuit was large, extending from South Bend to Michigan City, and from Niles, Michigan, to the west end of Door Prairie. The numbers returned at the conference were five hundred and eleven, but how many were in the county, we cannot say. At the close of this year, Rev. James Armstrong was called from labor to reward. He died in great peace at his home near Door Village, lamented by all who knew him, and his remains repose in the cemeterv at that 26 402 HISTORY OF I.A PORTE COUNTY. place. Perhaps no man has ever died in the eouiity whose h)ss was so universally f.'lt. In the Fall of 1834. the district was called La Porte District. — R. Harcri-ave, Presidin^r Elder, and S. R. Ball and T. P. McCool, preachers. In 1835, the work was called La Porte Circuit, and R. C Meek was sent as preacher, with Elijah Barns as a supply. This year a camp-raeeting for the second time was held near Springville. It was an interesting meeting. In 1836, G. M. Boyd was appointed to the circuit with Stephen R. Jones as an assistant. This year I formed the class in the Gralena woods at the house of Whitman Goit. Our preaching places were La Porte, Door Village. Rohinson's. Warnock's. H. Clyburn's, near where Westville now stands; Van- Meter's, on the road from La Porte to Michigan City; Michigan City, Springville, Goit's, Wright's, near Rolling Prairie Station; Griffin's School House, Silas Hale's, Kingsbury, Admiral Burch's, and five other places outside of the county. This year a Sabbath School was organized in La Porte, in which A. and J. B. Fravel took a deep interest. The latter gentleman in the absence ot a barber, cut the hair of the sjentlemen, charajine: them a dime each, and appropriated the funds to purchase a library for the use of the school. The reader will pardon a little episode here. This year Daniel Webster, the eminent statesman, was making a tour through the West. It was on the fourth of July when he visited La Porte, and the little school was out in patriotic procession. Mr. Webster was standing in his carriage addressing the citizens, when the procession filed around the corner of the public square. His eye caught the scene, and turning to the crowd he exclaimed, '' There, fellow citizens, is the hope of our country y The lips that uttered these words are sealed in death, but the truth of the utterance is manifest to all who observe the moral influence of the Sunday School on society. This year our friends erected a small neat brick church on the corner lot now occupied in connection with the residence of Dr. Teegarden. Here they worshiped f^r several years. In 1837, Boyd Phelps and H. Van Ordei-. were sent as circuit preachers. In 1838, Aaron Wood was appointed Presiding Elder, and R. Har- grave and J. B. Jenkins, preachers. This year Union Chapel, in CHURCH RECORD. 403 the Robinson neighborhood was erected, and the Robinson and Warnock classes united there. This house was a prominent point for Methodists for several years until Westville and New Durham became central points, and by removal, death, and other reasons this place ceased to be a place of worship. The first Methodist Church at Michigan City was erected, I think, this year. In 1839 the district w^as called South Bend District, — A. Wood, Presiding Elder, and Rev. Zachariah Games and G. W. Baker were appointed to the circuit. In 1840 the preachers were Z. Games and W. F. Wheeler. This year the circuit was confined to the limits of the county. In 1841 Wade Posey and G. W. Ames, brother of Bishop Ames, were the preachers. This year a small chapel was built in Goit's neighborhood, and was called in honor of the senior preach- er, Posey Chapel. This was, in a few years, superceded by a better house, called by the same name. It still is a preaching place with a small society of good men and women. It stands upon an eleva- tion commanding an extensive view of the country, and surrounded by the graves of some of the best and purest citizens, who have departed this life. In the Fall of 1842, W. H. Goode was appointed Presiding El- der, and A. Wood and L. W. Munson, were the preachers. Mr. Goode went one round on his district and was transferred by the Bishop to Arkansas, to take charge of missionary work, and A. Wood was re-placed on the district, and W. Griffith was employed in charge of the circuit. In the Fall of 1843, C. M. HoUiday was appointed Presiding Elder, and W. L. Huftman the preacher. At this conference. Union circuit was formed, including the west end or half of the county, and 0. V. Lemon and B. Winans were the preachers. Mr. Huif- man was left in charge of the rest of the territory in the county except Mount Pleasant and Posey Chapels. I am not able to give the time when Mount Pleasant Chapel was built, neither that of Lamb's Chapel. As the church increased, the interest in the Sunday School cause in- creased. The returns show an aggregate of three hundred and five scholars in the county. From the Fall of 1843 to 1856, all the preaching places in the county east of La Porte, except Byron and 404 Hl.^TORY OF LA I'OKTE COUNTY. McCasky's, were included in Terre Coupeo and other circuits, and served bj the preachers appointed thereto. In 1844, J. B. DcxMott was appointed to La Porte circuit, J. W Parrett to Michigan Git3% and S. Lamb to IJnion. This year the erection of Dormain church was comraenced,but finished subsequently. In 184f), G. W. Bowers was sent to La Porte, Jacob Cazad to Michigan City, and J. W. Parrett to Union. In 1846, J. Daniel was appointed Presiding Elder, T. H. Senix to La Porte, J. J. Cooper to Union, with Michigan City attached thereto. In 1847 La Porte was made a station, with H. C. Benson, pastor. Union circuit included Michigan City ; and F. Taylor and J. G. D. Pettijohn were sent as preachers: and New Durhain rnec^tingr house erected. In 1848 Mr. Benson was returned to La Porte. This was the first instance of a preacher returning the second year consecutively to any charge in the county — such was the practical workings ot the itineracy. ¥. Taylor was also returned to LTnion circuit, with E. J. Kirk as junior preacher. In 1849 tlie appointments for the county Avere, i^aPorte, W. Gra- ham; Union, Thos. C. Hackney, R. S. Latta. This year the present church edifice was built at Door Village. In 1850 J. L. Smith was appointed Presiding Elder, and W. Graham to La Porte station. This year the church now occupied in the city was erected, partly by the efforts of Pastor and Presiding Elder as ministers, but mainly by the contributions of the people, for the people had a mind to work. Union circu't was served this year by D. F. Strite and E. Hor- ner; Kingsbury mission by L. Moore; Michigan City by . In 18ol, J. Daniel was Pastoral La Porte; Union and Kings- bury, J. G. Osborn. He remained but two quarters and resigned his place, and T. P. Mathews was appointed preacher. Mr. Osborn was a physician by profession, but turned his attention to the law, and died some two years since, an honored member of the bar at Plymouth. In 18o2, J. R. Tansey was stationed in La Porte, but being transferred at the end of the first quarter to California, J. S. Don- CHURCH RECORD. 405 aisou was appointed in his place. W. P. Watkins was preacher on Kingsbury circuit. This year the church on the Plymouth ro^ad, known as Salem chapel, was built. For the next tlirce yeai-s this work was filled by Presiding Elders and preachers from Rochester and South Bend districts. In 1858 S. Taylor was sent to La Porte. In the close of this year the North-West Indiana Conference, held its session in the city. Bishop Simpson pre- sidins:. This was a memorable time for our people and our friends, as they mingled with the ministers from the difterent parts of the conference, and enjoyed the religious services of the occasion, especially the sermons of Bishop Simpson, and Dr. Peck, now one of our Bishops. It was the second time the conference held its session in this city : Bishop Morris having held one in 1840. In 1858, Union circuit was served by J. L. Donalson and Aaron Gurney : 1854. W. Hamilton and B. Bury ; 1855, H. B. Ball and A. Fellows: 185(1 F. Taylor. H. 0. Huffman. In the remainder of this paper we will notice the different charges in the county under their respective heads. In 1854, W. Graham was appointed Presiding Elder, and G. W. Crawford stationed preacher in La Porte. Mr. Crawford was a young man of promise, but fell a victim to consumption in early life. In 1855. S. T. Cooper was appointed preacher, and served the church two years. Under his labors a good revival of religion occurred, and many were added to the church, and a new parsonage was built. He was succeeded in tlie pastorate in 1857, by J. M. Stal- lard; 1858, B. Winans was sent as Presiding Elder, and P Wiley, now professor in Asbury University, as preacher. In 1859, A. A. Gee was stationed in the city; 1860, David Holmes, D. D.; 1861, Nelson Green: 1862, C. Skinner. The church and parscmage having by mismanagement become deeply involved in debt, Mr. Skinner had a hard, but to a good extent, a successful year. The church paid off" several hundred dollars of their indebtedness. In 1868, S. T. Cooper, Presiding Elder; G. M. Boyd, Pastor. For three years we labored together with pleasure and profit. They were vears of toil and anxietv, but of success. Over a hundred 406 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. souls were converted arid added to the church, and the balance of the debt on the church and parsonage, which was several hundred dollars, was paid off; and the audience room was thoroughly and beautifully refitted, and the annual conference held a pleasant session therein. Bishop Ames presiding. In 1866, J. Thrush came as pastor, but stayed only one year. He served the church in South Bend one and a half years, and then removed to Pennsylvania and died. He was a fine preacher. In 1867 J. Johnson was Presiding Elder, and remained on the district four years, during which time, L. C. Buckles served as pastor two years; T. S. Webb one, and L. Nebeker, one. In 1871, L. Nebeker was Presiding Elder, and remained two years; the first of which J. Johnson was pastor. 1872, W. M. Darwood was appointed pastor. 1873, G. M. Boyd, Presiding Elder — same pastor. In 1874, same Presiding Elder and pastor. Mr. Darwood's three years were characterized with some good revi- vals and additions, and with fine and tasteful church and parsonage improvements. In 187'"), the present pastor, J. H. Cissel, was appointed, with the same Presiding Elder. ROLLING PEAIRIE CIRCUIT. This circuit lay in the north and east parts of the county, and when organized in 1856, embraced Posey Chapel, Mount Pleasant, near where Rolling Prairie Station now is ; Lamb's chapel, Summit school house, Salem, Bald Hill, Byron, and some other points. It was at the time included in South Bend district, with T. S. Webb, Presiding Elder, and W. Reeder and L. Moore, preachers. In 1857, same Presiding Elder, W. Reeder and C. L. Smith, preach- ers. In 1858, T. S. Webb, Presiding Elder, T. C. Hackney and I. W. Joyce, preachers. At the fourth quarterly conference for this year, measures were taken to divide the circuit, which resulted in the formation of La Porte circuit, of which we will speak here- after. In 1859 the circuit was called Portland, and D. F. Barnes was appointed preacher. He served two years. Mr. Barnes is now a leading minister in Michigan conference. In 1861 H. C. Fraley was sent as prea(2her. In 1862, .1. Leach, who remained two years. In 1864 the circuit was again called Rolling Prairie, and J. E. New- CHURCH RECORD. 407 house wds appointed pastor. He remained two years, during which time the church at Rolling Prairie was built. About or before this time, the neat little chapel was built at Maple Grove, by the efforts of W. Thomas and others. It is one of the most beautiful churches in the country. In 1867, J. H. Claypool was sent as pastor. In 1868, C. B. Mock. He filled the circuit two years, and was suc- ceeded in 1870 by J. L. Boyd. In 1871, E. W. Lawhon was the pastor, and was succeeded the next two years by B. H. Bradbury. In 1874, F. Cox became pastor, and was followed in 187.') by the present pastor, G. R. Streeter. LA PORTE CIRCUIT THE SECOND. This circuit embraces Salem, Bald Hill, Summit and Coolspring churches ; the latter however belongs to our Congregational brethren though occupied by us as a place of worship. This circuit was organized in the Fall of 1859, John Leach as pastor. A good revival of religion attended the labors of Mr. Leach, and the society was so strengthened at Bald Hill, that they erected the chapel at that point. It is one of our best country churches, though the membership has been very much reduced by deaths and removals. Mr. Leach was succeeded in 1860, by B. H. Bradbury, who remained two years. He was succeeded in 1862-3 by N. Green; 1864, J. H. Holloway; 1865, E. Holdstock ; 1866-7 and 8, by M. Stolz. During his pastorate which was very successful, the church at Summit was built. It is a neat little brick house tastefully finished. In 1869, '70 and '71, J. H. Cissel was pastor. He was followed in 1872-3 by T. C. Hackney; 1874-5, A. B. Bruner, the present pastor. DOOR VILLAGE CIRCUIT. In the absence of official documents, we will assume that L^ nion circuit was divided in 1856, and the east end was called Dormain circuit; W. Graham, presiding elder; J. W. Green, preacher. It contained Stilwell, Roselle, Marshall Grove, Dormain, and South America classes. I cannot inform the reader where the latter class was located, but I presume it was on the north end of this conti- nent, and somewhere in La Porte county. In 1857, thi^s tei'ritory was called Door Village circuit, and'W. S. Harker was sent as the preacher, who was returned the next year with B. Winans. presi- 408 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. cling eldei;. In 1859, the circuit was placed in Plj/mouth district, J. Johnson, presiding elder; F. Cox, preacher. In 1860, same preachers. In 1861, B. Winans was again presiding elder; J. C. Mahin, preacher. In 1862, same presiding elder; B. H. Brad- bury, preacher. In 1863, S. T. Cooper, presiding elder; B. H. Bradbury, preacher. Mr. Cooper remained on the district four years. In l'^64, S. J. Kahler, preacher. In 1865, W. Hamilton, preacher. In 1866, J. Johnson, presiding elder; J. H. Cissel, pastor. In 1867, D. A. Gri;nes was appointed to the circuit. In 1868, Thos. E. Wrl)]). In IS69-70, T. C. Hackney was pastor. In 18T1-2. L. Nebeker, presiding elder; R. H. Sanders, preacher, who remained on the circuit three years. • In 1878, (}. M. Boyd, presiding elder. In 1874, s:iine presiding elder and preacher. In 1875, same elder, with F. Mikels, pastor. During the adminis- tration of Rev. T. C. Hackney the church was refitted and beauti- fied in a very tasteful manner. During the second year of R. H. Sanders' term of service, the church at New Durham was also very nicely improved and refitted. MICHIGAN CITY. From the commencement of this city, the Methodist Episcopal church held service there. In the sale of lots, Major I. C. Elston, of Crawfordsville, the proprietor, reserved and donated two lots for the use of the church. In. or about the year 1888, the friends under the lead of Mr. Porterfield Harrison and others, erected a small frame church on the site donated. This served the society for several years, but the encroachment of the sand which threatened to bury the house, ren- dered it an unpropitious place for a church, and the members aided by their friends, purchased the lot and buili the present house of worship, and secured a parsonage also. [ am not sure as to the year this was done, but I believe Rev. VV. Copp, or Oapt. Copp, "the fighting parson," as lie was called during the rebellion, was the preacher at the time. For the want ;)f necessary means of information, I cannot trace the appointments at Michigan City from the time it was last disconnected from the circuit; but in 1858. a^s per conference min- utes, B. Winans was pastor. In 1851-5, J. Gr. Osborn ; 1856. N. OUUROH RECORD. 409 L. Brakeraan; l^i)l, J. W. Ureeri; 1858, H. Smith; 1859-60, W. Oopp; 1861-2, L. C. Buckles; 1863, A. 0. Cunningham; 1864-5, J. L. Boyd; 1866-7, A. Wood; 1868-9-70, Thos. 'Meredith ; 1871-2, N. L. Brakeman; 1878, R. 1). Utter; 1874-5, J. II. Claypooi . UNION MILLS CIllCUIT. This civcuit as such was formed in 1878, and G. R. Streetor was sent as preacher. It embraced the vicinity of Union jMills, Hanna Station and Clinton cliapel; but at the end of the year Union Mills was rc-coni:ected with Door Village circuit and Clinton chapel, to Westville. In 1875, the brethren having erected a very neat little church at Union Mills, a new circuit was formed and the present pastor, J. B. Smith, was sent. The year opened very pleasantly by the dedication of the Church, by Rev. J. H. Hall of Battle Ground. This circuit now embraces Union Mills. Hanna Station, Morgan Station and Wanatah. WESTVILLE CIRCUIT. In 1848, the first house of worship was built in this place by our people. It was served for several years by the preachers from Union circuit, bi.it in 1857 it was organized as a circuit — F. Taylor, pas- tor. 1858, J. Johnson; 1859-60, Thos. Bartlett. This last year Clinton chapel was built. 1861, S. T. Cooper; 1862, J. E. New- house; 1868-4-5, M. L. Green; 1866-7, C. B. Mock; 1868, it was made a station, and J. H. Claypooi served as pastor for three suc- cessive years. 1871, R. H. Sanders; 1872-8. J. Johnson; 1874-5, W. P. McKinsey. In 1860, by the munificent will of Mr. West, some five thousand dollars were bequeathed to the church in Westville for the erection of a now church, and by the snbscription of the friends in addition to this, the present comfort:ible church was erected, and a good congregation and sabbath school meet there every Sunday. From the commencement of the operation of the church in the county, the question of Sunday schools and Sunday school inter- ests have been prominent in her operations. It has been the advice in our discipline, and to a great extent our practice, wherever we could collect ten children togetlier in a neighborhood there to organ- ize them into a school. In many places we have not been able to 410 HISTORY OF LA PORTE <'OUXTY. do this, but have acted in conjunction with other churches, and members of no church. There are now in the county fifteen Methodist schools, with two hundred and fourteen officers and teachers, and one thousand four hundred and eighty-two scholars. The expenses for these schools for 74, was |497.T4. We have 1,018 members in the county : thirteen chui-ches with probable valne, $56,700; six parsonages, valued at $9, 750. The local preachers in the county are, Levi Moore. J. G. Mc- Casky, James Waxhaoj and A. OowgilL In connection with the Methodist church in La Porte county, there should be mentioned also, the German Methodist Episcopal church at La Porte, whose commodious cliurch edifice stands on the corner of Clay and Harrison streets. The church is a plain and neat frame structure. Over the entrance door are the words in German, "The Lord is in his holy Temple." The congregation is German, and the services are conducted in that language. Ever since the organization they have received the faithful ministrations of devoted pastors, changing frequently in accordance with the Methodist practice. Rev. Wm. Keller is now the pastor. THE BAPTIST CHURCH. The first Baptist church in La Porte county was organized in the year 1834, ani was the fruit of the labors of Rev. Phineas Colver, of Washington county. New York. It was located on Still well prairie. Elder Colver had come to this county to visit relatives in the year 1883, and while here commenced preaching in the neigh- borhood, and gathered together a considerable congregation. He left the same year, intending to return, but died before he reached his eastern home. This was known at the time and for a few years afterwards as the Lu Porte Baptist church, and is so called in the minutes of the Northern Indiana Baptist Association. After the organization of the church at the village of La Porte, the former became known as Kingsbury Baptist church; Rev. T. Spaulding was the first pastor. The church at La Porte was the fourth in the order of organization, being preceded by the church at Kingsbury, one at Rolling Prairie, organized in 1836; and one at Michigan City organized in 1837, the last of which soon ceased to exist. CHURCH KECORD. 411 It seems that the early church records of the La Porte organiza- tion were destroyed and there is consequently some uncertainty attending the date of its organization, but it occurred probably in 1838. At any rate it was prior to the meeting of the Association in 1889. The organization took place in the brick church edifice, then owned by the Methodists, which was situated on tlie lot now occupied by the residence of Dr. Teegarden. The arrival of Elder Benjamin Sawin in La Porte in 1838, is an event worthy of note in the history of this church. Soon after the arrival of himself and family, he opened his house for prayer meetings. It was the sickly year, and very many were inclined to seek the consolations of the Christian faith. "'Good Father Sawin." as he was afterwards for many years affectionately called began to preach in La Porte and the surrounding country ; and just previous to the organization of the church at La Porte, he was called to preside over the mother church at Kingsbury. The new organization was composed largely of those Avho were dismissed from the Kingsbury society for the purpose; and for a time it had no regular pastor. Rev. Mr. Bowles of Connecticut, preached for a time, but did not become the pastor in consequence of his wife's desire to return to the East. Preaching w^s, however, secured with considerable regularity, though not always by preachers of the Baptist denomination. Among others who pre;iched occasionally for this new society was the Reverend, or better known now, as Judge, Wm. Andrew. The Northern Indiana Association met at Rolling Prairie in June, 1839. iind Elder Sawin was chosen moderator. When the invitation was given for the reception of churches, several were presented, among them being that at La Porte. The delegates were I. H. Evans, Gr. Sawin, 0. Mix, Samuel Gregory, and Elnath- an Gregory. The membership of the church was thirty. At the close of this associational meeting, two of the preachers in attend- ance, Rev. Chas. Harding, formerly of Goshen, and Rev, Mr. Ford, of Middlebury began preaching in La Porte and the country around. Their meetings were largely attended, and resulted in a general spiritual revival. In a supplemental note to the minutes of the association for the year are the following words: ''A glorious revi- val has commenced at LaPorte, since the sitting of the Association, 412 HISTORY OF I. A PORTK COT- NT Y. which is spreading into all the country around. Over a hundred have been hopefully converted to God. The revival has extended eastward to Rolling Prairie." The reports at the next meeting of the association showed the most favorable results from these meet- ings. The rcembership of Rolling Prairie church was increased from twenty-one to fifty-five; Kingsbury from forty to seventy; La Porte from thirty to ninety-one, and a new cluirch just organized at Door Village was reported, with a membership of one hundred and ten. In the same year Ehler Chas. Harding was selected as the pastor of the LaPorte church, the first who occupied that position. For the purpose of laboring as home missionary, he resigned in the second year of his pastorate. He died in 1843 and the association placed on record the following resolution: "That we have lieard with deep regret of the death of our mucli-esteemed brother, Elder Chas. Harding, once a niivSsionary of this association. The cause of truth has in him lost an earnest advocate, and the church a faith- ful minister.' Rev. Silas Tucker became the next pastor of this church in 1840, and entered upon his duties in the month of December. He had sisters living in the county, and while visiting them, had preached here with so much acceptance that it resulted in his settlement as the second stated minister of the church. Soon after his arrival, a small building which stood on the north-v/est corner of Jackson and North Main streets, belonging to the Disciple society, was pur- chased by the Baptists, enlarged to double its former size, and was used for many years as the house of worship of the Baptist denom- ination. The ministry of Elder Tucker extended over a period of about four and a half years, during which time over one hundred were received into the church by immersion, and the whole number of members was increased to one hundred and ninety-five. The resignation of Elder Tucker being attributed to the action of some of the members, considerable dissatisfaction was produced, and thirty-two asked for letters of dismission in consequence. For a time, the church was destitute of a pastor; but the one man to whom this society never looked in vain. Father Sawin, preached two Sabbaths in each month. Elder Tucker became pas- tor i>f rhe church at Racine, Wisconsin, and at his request. Rev. (HURCH RECOKD. 418 E. W. riamliii, of Chicago, visited La Porte, and was soon after- wards, in 1, Rev. Morgan Edwards, who w^as known as " the sailor preacher," united by letter with this church. The church w^as not at this time prosperous. By exclusions and dismissions, the number of the membership had been reduced fro.i: two hundred and seven to one hundred and twenty-four. Elder Edwards became pastor in June, and his labors as such ceased in Oct. of the same year. His religious labors, however, continued in different parts of the country, in Ohio, Michigan, kc. his home and family remaining in LaPorte. Not being engaged the entire year in holding "protracted meet- ings," he was desirous of becoming pastor during the months in which he was not so engaged. Rev. R. H. Cook had been called as pastor, had accepted, and begun his work, which was contrary to the private wishes of Elder Edwards, and he brought to bear such influences that Eider Cook was induced to resign the pastorate, and did so July 12th, 1851. It would seem that m the matter of his course in the church here, he was blameless. He died very sudden- ly in the Spring of 1(574. From the time of Elder Cook's resigna- tion until February, 1852, the church was temporarily supplied by different preachers, chiefly by Father Sawin, Elder Alexander Hastings, and Eider John Benny. At this time Elder Morgan Edwards was again called to the pastorate. His ministry w^as very irregular; and on the eighth day of May, 1862, the church book contains the following entr}^: '■ Resolved that we invite Elder Chandler to visit us with a view of becoming pastor after the labors of Eldi^r Edwards shall cease." Mr. Chandler's connection with this church proved to be an event of much prominence; and from a statement written by Rev. John Benny, we take the following: "The rail road was finished from the East only to La Porte at that time, and passengers halted for the night on their way east, while those journying west stopped at Michigan City, being conveyed there from La Porte ; and by the return of the same carriages, the eastward bound passengers were 41-!: HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. brought here, so as to prosecute their further journey by rail. Our hotel accommodations were at times unequal to the demands made upon them. Mr. Chandler arrived from the west at this time, and not liking the crowded condition of the La Porte House, inquired for accommodations at a private house for the night, and was di- rected to Mr. Griffin Tread way's who had kept the largest hotel in the place on the corner where the Merrill House now stands. Mr. Chandler dressed with white cravat, and had the appearance of an eastern clergyman. He was welcomed by Mr. Treadway, and asked if he were not a preacher, and further if he belonged to the Baptists. The answer was in the affirmative. Mr. Treadway then asked if he could stay and preach a few weeks for the church, while Elder Edwards went off to hold some meetings. Mr. Chandler replied that he could do so, if agreeable to Bro. Edwards and the church. And thus, without knowing anything of the man, of his ministerial standing or previous history, he took the place of the pastor, which he occupied for three weeks. This was in the early Fall of 1851. Bro. Treadway, himself a Kentuckian, took much interest in the man whom he called "the Yankee preacher," going to the stores, and inviting people to hear the 'smart Yankee.' The result was that the little meeting house was well filled during the three weeks in which Mr. C. filled the pulpit." There was a strong disposition manifested to call Mr. Chandler to the pastorate, but there was one member who opposed it on the ground that the doctrinal views of the new preacher were not those of the Baptist denomination. He was overruled, and Rev. S. C. Chandler became the pastor in 1852. He began his regular preach- ing in November, and displayed a great deal of ability ; but it became generally evident that his views of Christian doctrine did not accord with the orthodox faith as held by the Baptist denomin- ation. He pushed his own views by degrees, which appeared to be those of the Adventists. He held to the belief in the sleep of all the dead until the resurrection, including the whole man whose spirit is incapable of existence apart from the body. He denied the existence of a personal Holy Spirit, and of a personal Satan, and there were other points of his doctrines that to the orthodox were extremely heterodox. As was to be expected, his course CHURCH RKCORT). 415 aroused strong opposition to his being allowed to preach any longer as the pastor of the Baptist church, and on the 12th day of Feby., 1853, it was resolved that he should not occupy the Baptist pulpit, after the following day, for which his appointments had been pub- lished. But his views were assented to by several members of the church, and they rented for him a hall in Allen's block, where he continued preaching for a time, when on the last Sabbath in the year 1853, he announced in the hall in the morning that he would preach in the church that afternoon. A boy was let in through a window^ : he unbolted, the doors ; the bell was rung, and Mr. Chand- ler preached, advocating the doctrines which he and his followers had espoused. The next regular church meeting Avas held Janu- ary 7, 1854. The venerable Elder Alexander Hastings was invited to occupy the chair, and by resolution unanimously adopted, six of the most prominent of those who had embraced Chandler's views, w^ere excluded from the fellowship of the church. Among those thus excluded was Elder Leland, who had been pastor of the Bap- tist church at Door Village. In May, 1854, Rev. Gibbon Williams visited the church at La- Porte, and accepted a call tendered him to become pastor. He was a man of large experience, had been many years pastor of churches in the States of Maine and New York, but had lately been in the book trade at Indianapolis. He established a book store here, ostensibly for his son, but it took so much of his own time and attention, that inasmuch as the church needed a pastor as well as a preacher, he retired at the expiration of six months. The associa- tion met in 1855 at Valparaiso, and this church was reported with- out a pastor and that the total membership had declined to fifty-five. It was supplied for a few weeks by Elders Snyder and Hastings. In the Fall a member of the church, W. D. Wright, vrho hadjoined by letter from New York, was invited to occupy the pulpit, although not ordained as a preacher. A council was called for his ordina- tion, which was efiected, and soon afterwards he received and ac- cepted a call from the church at Rolling Prairie. During this year thirty-four were added to the church, and the prospects of future prosperity and usefulness became brighter. 416 IIISTOKY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. On the 12th of xipril, 1857, Rev. J. L. McCloud commenced a successful pastorate; and the following year the report made to the association showed that fifty-four had been added to the member- ship. At this time the late venerable Oliver Wescott was the clerk of the church. During 1858, the church was occupied in building the edifice in which they now worship, and which was dedicated in the Fall of that year, Elder McCloud preaching the dedication dis- course. He resigned the charge of the church in October, 1860, after three years and a half of devoted ;ind able service. In the year 1859, on the 6th day of April, good Father Sawin, who had been so intimately identified with the interests of the La- Porte church in all its history, was called from his labor on earth to his rest in Heaven. Between him and* his fellow -laborer. Rev. Father Hastings, there had been an agreement that the latest survi- vor of the two should preach the funeral discourse of the one who was first to go. Accordingly, his aged brother preached the sermon a't his funeral from the words selected by the departed; -'God forbid that I should glory save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ." Elder Hastings lived after this something more than three years, when he too passed away. Early in 1861, Rev. Henry Smith, who had been pastor of the Baptist church at Valparaiso, and then at Greensburg, took charge of this church as its pastor, and the next report to the association showed a still further increase of membership, which then numbered one hundred and seventy-seven. Elder Smith resigned in August, 1863, having been invited by Col. I. C. B. Suraan to become Chaplain of the Ninth regiment of Indiana Volunteers, which posi- tion he accepted, and departed at once for his new field of labor. The last pastor of the church, and the present one, is Rev. J. P. Ash. He entered upon his work here in the month of April, 1864, having now nearly completed twelve years in his pastorate. His has been a ministry of eminent success and usefulness. Elder Ash is a man of great industry, laboring untiringly in the Master's cause. Besides preaching in his own church, morning and evening on Sunday, and superintending his Sabbath school, which is always in a flourishing condition, he preaches every Sabbath to the church at Door Village. CHURCH RECORD. 417 Concerning the Baptist church at Kingsbury, whose organization has been noticed, it may be added that after the death in 1837 of Elder T. Spauhiing, who was its first pastor. Elder Benj. Sawin became pastor, dividing his labors between this and some other churches. Among the ministers who have at different times preach- ed to this church have been Elders Barns, Whitehead, Maxwell and Mills. In 1837, it liad a membership of seventy. Of this number some were dismissed to aid in the formation of the La Porte and Door Village churches; some withdrew under the Second Advent influence, and at the last report the membership mustered but twenty-eight. In 1874 Rev. R. P. Stephenson was pastor who has been succeeded by Rev. I. W. Read. The Rolling Prairie Baptist church was organized in 1836. Elder Alexander Hastings was the first pastor, and labored for the church at different times during many years. Their first report to the association showed a membership of twenty-three. In 1862 they had one hundred and eighty-nine, which number is now somewhat diminished. Some of the ministers who have preached to this church have been Elders Sawin, Edwards, Whitehead, P. H. Evans, and a son of the first pastor, Rev. W. S. Hastings, who is now preaching there. The church at Door Village united with the association in 1840, reporting a membership of 110, the number being now much less than that. Among others who have preached here, are Elders Sawin, Hastings, Maxwell, Bray ton, Post, Fletcher and Ash. The Baptist church at Westville was gathered and organized chielly by the exertions of Elder J. M. Whitehead, who afterwards was appointed Chaplain of the Fifteenth Indiana Volunteers, and resigned the pastorate. Since that time the church has not been prosperous. In 1857, the number of the membership was sixty-one, which was rapidly increased, reaching one hundred and sixty-six in 1861, yet although a good house of worship was erected, the mem- bership in 1874 numbered but nine. Since then Rev. J. C. Read has preached there, regular services are held, the number of the members has increased, and the prospect is more encouraging than it has been for several years past. The African Baptist church of La Porte joined the association in 27 ^^^ HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. 1871. Tiiey have a membership of about twenty, and own and occupy hohhng regular Sabbath services, a neat frame chapel Gr^ejorv" "''' '"^ "^ '^" ''^" ^^' ^'''''' ^' ^^^^ ^enr; The B.tptist denomination has had several other preaching places in the county, in some of which there have been temporary church organizations, but without houses of worship. The work of thp denomination is now confined to the six places named. PRESBYTERIAJf. Presbyterian history in La Porte county dates back to the vear 1»-J1. In the late autumn of that year, Mr. Myron Ives removed hither from Pans, 111., and settled upon Rolling Prairie in a lo. cabm, just east of the Little Kankakee, about one n.ile and a half west of the present railroad station of Rolling Prairie. He was the hrst Presbytenan in the county. In the May following., Mrs Rebecca Ives, mother of Myron Ives, and his sister Mrs! Sarah • Aldrich, came with their families and settled in the same neighbor hood. About this time Ale.xander Blackburn, from the clrlisle church settled on a farm a little west of Rolling Prairie station. In the autumn of this year, Mr. Ives and Mr. Blackburn, went to Ailes, M,ch., each with a load of wheat. In the night, while ^vait- mg for the grinding of their grain, under the shadow of the forest these tvv,, christian men held the first prayer meeting in the interest ot the Presbyterian church in La Porte county. Soon after this they instituted a Sabbath prayer meeting, which met alternately at the cabm oi e,i^h. There was yet no stated preaching, but inNo- vember 18o2, Rev. James Crawford who was at that time pastor of a church in CrawfordsviUe, and gave half his time to missionary work, visited the county. He heard of the prayer meeting, sought It out, and was made welcome by the little company. In the cabin of Alexander Blackburn, Mr. Crawford preached 'the first sermon that was ever delivered by a Presbyterian minister in this county. In the following week, on the 28th day of November, 1832 a meeting was hold in Mr. Blackburn's house to take steps for the organization of a Presbyterian church: and seven persons, Charles Mowlan Myron Ives, Sarah Ives. Rebecca Ives, Sarah Aldrich, Alexander Blackburn and James S. Hening, associated themselves CHURCH RECORD. 419 together as the Presbyterian Church of La Porte. On the loth day of July, 1833, the Church met in the house of Wm. P. Ross in La- Porte, at which time Mr. Ross and his wife Elizabeth, David and Mary Dinwiddie, and James, Elizabeth, Catharine and Isabella Blair, were received into the organization, raising the membership TO fifteen. Of this number there remain at this time, connected with the church, Mr. Ives and Mrs. Dinwiddie Wilson, the latter of whom has been a member continuously from that day to this. On the 20th of the same month, July, 1833, a'^meeting was held at the Kankakee school house for the purpose of choosing elders, and further organizing the church. James Blair, Myron Ives, and David Dinwiddie were chosen to the office. Alexander Blackburn was appointed clerk of the session, and continued to fill that office many years. The next day, Sunday, July 21st, the first Commun- ion service was observed, and the ordinance of baptism was admin- istered by Rev. James Crawford, Sarah Ives being the first infant baptized in the church. The name of the Presbyterian Church of La Porte was adopted as the title of the new organization, and it w^as received into the Crawfordsville Presbytery. The first delegate appointed to attend the Presbytery and the Synod of Indiana was Wm. P. Ross, who was instructed "to invite some minister to visit us, with a view of preaching to this congregation." This secured the services of Rev. John Morrill, who on the first of January, 1834, began a year's labor as the first regular supply of the church. He was paid three hundred dollars for his year's labor^-^.k The first recorded death occurred this year. It was that of Mrs. Sophiaj Fletcher. In 1835. the church numbered a membership of fifty-six, and on the 10th of May, in that year, it was visited by Rev. Wm. K. Talbot, who remained about six months. On the 20th of March, 1836, Alexander Blackburn was ordained an elder, and in M ay of that year. Rev. A. Carnahan visited the church by^ appointment of Presbytery, and held a five days service. His labors wvre so acceptable that a call was extended to him to become pastor, but which he declined. Up to this period, the church had no house of worship, which had subjected them to much inconvenience; but on the 26th day of May, 1836, "a vote was taken to build a meeting house, and 420 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. Messrs. Niles, Howell, Skinner, Strong and Blackburn, were appointed a committee to collect funds, choose a situation and Uian- age the whole affair." This led to the building on the corner of Prairie and Monroe streets, now occupied by the Christian church; but it was not until late in 1837 that any progress was made towards the building. On the 27th of May, 1837, Rev. Wm. K. Marshall received a call to become pastor of the chui-ch, which he accepted and was duly installed. He pushed the building project. A meet- ing was held at the Court house, and after discussion of the size and kind of building to be erected, a method of raising the funds proposed by E. Morrison was adopted. This was, to create a joint stock company, the subscribers to receive the amount of their stock in pews. The estimated cost of the building was §6,000. A com- mittee was appointed, consisting of E. Morrison, Amzi Clark, A. Blackburn and one or two others, to secure subscriptions to the stock, and S.'Van Pelt was made the first Treasurer. These were the days of "Wild Cat" money, and it was found very difiicult to collect the^subscriptions. Before the building was enclosed Morri- son, Clark and Howell had been obliored to make laro-e advances from tlieir private funds. This was in the Fall of 1840, and in 1841 the church was sold to satisfy a builder's lien. It was pur- chased b}^ Amzi Clark, who held it in his own name, until it was finished. It was dedicated in 1842 or '43, and was deeded to A. Blackburn for the Old School Presbyterian church, with a condition in the deed, that if ever sold, the New School Presbyterians might purchase it in preference to all other parties. There was a debt of $2,000 on the building, and this became so burdensome, that in the Spring of 1846, the trustees decided to sell the property. The Methodists made a proposition for purchase, but the terms of the deed stood in the way; and a New School church having been organized in 1844, by great efforts this organization raised the required sum and secured- the church edifice, retaining it until 1868, when it was sold to the Reformed Lutherans in anticipation of the building of the present commodious edifice on Michigan avenue. The Methodists had been occupying a small brick building on the corner of Jefterson and Monroe streets, now no longer standing; and having about the time of the sale of the Presbyterian edifice to CHURCH RECORD. 421 the New School church, or a little later erected their present church building, tiiey sold their former structure to the Old School or First Presbyterian church. It was occupied by that church for a period of about ten years. In 1862, they erected the building on the corner of Indiana avenue nnd Harrison street. It was partially burned in May, 1869, but was immediately repaired and reopened for worship on the last Sabbath of the following August, and con- tinued to be the place of worship of the first church until the reunion of the First and Second churches, Oct. 31, ISil. The pastorate of Rev. Wm. K. Marshall over the Old School or First church, began about the first of June, 1837. and contin- ued until the first Sabbath in October, 1844, which Avas the longest pastorate ever enjoyed by the First church. It was attended by a good measure of success. During the time, the membership of the church increased from ninety-six to one hundred and fifty. The first Deacons of this church were ordained September 12th, 1840. They were Andrew Nickell, Jacob Drum and Elijah Mount. After the cessation of the pastorate of Mr. Marshall, Rev. James Greer, became the stated supply ot the congregation, continuing in that relation nearly two years, when lie was succeeded by Rev. John Steele. In October, 1849, the latter received a call to become pastor; but it was not accepted until the following April. He was installed on the 22d of September of the same year. In October, 1851, Mr. Steele asked a dissolution of the pastoral relation, in order that he might remove to Rolling Prairie, to organize a church there. On the second Sabbath of the same month. Rev. F. P. Cummins, at the request of the church, began to preach for them. His services proved so acceptable that he soon received a call to become pastor, and was installed on the 14th day of June, 1858, when it was dissolved at Mr. Cummins" request. In the latter part of the year 1858, Rev. J. W. Hanna became acting pastor of the church and continued in this relation until the autumn of 1860. Late in the same year. Rev. R. S. Goodman began preaching for this church, and continued his labors about five years, during which time the new church was built. Mr. Good- man's labors closed in October, 1865, and in October, 1866, the pastorate of Rev. L. C. Spofi"ord began. He was installed on the 422 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. 24th of that month. He died on the 12th of April, 1869, deeply lamented by his people, and by the entire community. About a month later, the church building was burned, yet notwithstanding these sad events, on the first Sabbath in September following, the rebuilt church was dedicated, and Rev. L. M. Stevens began a pastorate which proved to be the last for that church as a separate organization. He was installed on the 22d day of November, and continued with the church until the union of the two churches was effected on the 31st day of October, 1871. It is now necessary to return to the year 1844, to review the history of the Second or New School church. This church was organized on the 3d day of November in that year, in a school house belonging to Rev. F. P. Cummins. Thirty members came into the new organization, twenty-six of whom were from the First church. Rev. S. N. Steele organized the church, and acteil as stated supply for one year. The organization of the church was completed by the election and ordination as elders of James M. Clark and Ellsworth B. Strong. Eleven months after the organi- zation the membership mustered fifty-one. In the Spring of 1846, Rev. John W. Cunningham began a long and useful course of labor with the church. On the 30th day of May, 1848, the Presbytery of St. Joseph received Mr. Cunningham from the union Presbytery of Tennessee, and also placed the Second church of La Porte upon its roll. The next day, the new pastor was installed. In the first year thereafter, eighty-eight were added to the church, sixty-four of whom were received on profession of faith. The two years follow^ing also showed large additions, and in the last year of Mr. Cunningham's pastorate thirty-nine were added to the church on profession of faith. His pastoral relation was dissolved in June, 1858, his labors having extended over a period of more than twelve years. In January, 1859, Rev. George C. Noyes was invited to the vacant field, and his labors began on the 13th of the following March. He was installed May 15, 1860. In April of the next year, the church reported a membership of 236. In 1866 an addi- tion of fifty was made on profession of faith, and the membership of the Second church was then at the highest point it ever attained. CHURCH RECORD. 423 It was near the close of Mr. Noyes' pastorate that the old church building was sold, and the initial steps taken for the erection of the new one. The pastorate of Mr. Noyes was a long and successful one, continuing until the 2d of November, 1868, when it was dissolved at the pastor's request, and on the loth of the same month, his labors closed. On the 9th of May, 1869, the congregation extended a call to Rev. Wm. C. Scofield, wdiich was accepted ; but he was never installed. On the 9th of June, 1871, Mr. Scofield signified to the session his determination to retire from his labors at an early day,, alleging the ill health of his wife as the cause, and he preached his last sermon on the Sabbath following the dedication of tlu new church edifice, July 23rd, 1871. Rev. John F. Kendall preached to the congregation on the following Sabbath, and on the 21st of August, a call was extended to him to become pastor of the church. After a brief delay this call was accepted, and his labors with the church began on the second Sabbath in October. Nego- tiations were in progress at the time for the union of the tw^o churches, which were happily terminated on the 31st day of October by the consummation of the union under the name of "The Presby- terian church of La Porte." This vacated the former call to Dr. Kendall, and on the 12th of November, a meeting of the con- gregation was held, and he was unanimously invited to become pastor of the united church. The call was immediately accepted, and the installation took place June 4th, 1872. At that time the sermon was preached by Rev. Henry Kendall, D. D., of New York, brother of the pastor, charge to the pastor by Rev. R. Beer, of Valparaiso, and charge to the people by Rev. J. Q. Hall, of Michi- gan City. A new Board of Elders were elected for the united church, on the 23d day of November, 1871. The four following were the first chosen, and they were requested to perform such duties only as might consist with their advanced age, Anson Gregg, A. P. Andrew, Sr., Amzi Clark, and Myron Ives. Five others were then elected for the active duties of the eldership, con- sisting of Wm. H. Boyd, Samuel Harvey, Julius Barnes, L. N. Frary, and E. D. Barrows. Only a few days afterwards Amzi Clark was called to his rest and reward. Father Andrew followed 424 ' HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. in a few months, and Anson Gregg shortly thereafter. They were all sincerely mourned by the church which held so large a place in their sympathies, their love and their prayers. The pastorate of Rev. John F. Kendall, D. D., still^ continues, and the relations between pastor and people are of the most cordial, harmonious, and affectionate character. The union of the two churches has. been most happ3^ The elegant church building is paid for, there is a large and flourishing Sabbath school, and noth- ing seems to stand in the way of a higher degree of usefulness than at any former period. Tlic eldership has remained unchanged since the death of the thvc<' vciifrable fatliers named. All incidem Avortliy of note in this record of the Presbyterian church of l.a l\nle will conclude the story of its history. In the year 187-j, on June --d, a special eflbrt was made to bring together at the communion service of the church all the oldest members. When the appointed hour came those upwards of seventy years of age were requested to occupy the tront seats. Thirteen responded to the request, and two others would have done so, but were detained at home by ill health. Five of this number, Mrs. King, Mrs. Lemon, Mrs. Forsman, Mrs. Forrester, and Mr. Harmon, were over eighty years of age, and one of them, Mrs. King, the venera- ble mother of Polaski King, over ninety. The scene, especially for this new, western country, was a rare and impressive one. Bethel Presbvterian church of Union Mills is the second iii asje in the county. It was organized June 22, 1850, by Rev. F. V. Cummins, in the school house about two miles east of Union Mills. Mr. Cummins preached there until 185(1. The orighial members numbered ten, of whom Mr. and Mrs. Joseph McPherson, and Mr. and Mrs. Bird McLane yet remain. It may here be stated that a New School Presbyterian church had been organized near Union ]Mills in 1845, but at the time when the present church was organized, it had ceased to exist. At the first meeting John Billinirton and John Moon, Jr., were elected elders, but Mr. Moon declined to serve. In 1854, David Finley was elected to the office. In 1857, Mr. Billingtim died, Mr. Finley removed to Illinois, and Wm. Way was chosen and ordained to the office. He discharged its duties alone until 1870, when the session was tnlarged by the election of Job TI. Northam, Seth Looinis and Amos Brown. CHURCH RECORD. 4:'2ij The church edifice was erected iit Union Mills in 1851, Rev. F. P. Cummins himself hauling from Michigan City much of the lum- 'ber used in its constructio::. Early in 1856 Rev. John Fisher became the minister of the con- gregation. He Avas succeeded the next year by Rev. J. M. McRae, who supplied also at the same time, the church at Rolling Prairie. Upon the cessation of Mr. Mc Rae's labors, the pulpit Avas vacant seve- ral years, when in July, '61, Rev. R. C. McKinney began to supply theMiurch. He was succeeded in 1863 by Rev. C. E. Evans, and he in 1867 by Rev. F. M. Elliott. He was installed in May, 1868, being the first regular pastor of the church. His labors closed in 1871 ;^and in the summer of 1872, Rev. S. E. Smith began to sup- ply the vacant pulpit, and still remains there, although not an in- stalled pastor. Considerable additions were made to this church in 186.9 and 1870. x\gain in March, 1876, there was a decided awakening, when Mr. Smith was assisted in his labors by Rev. Dr. Kendall of La Porte. The church has been useful and influerttial, and its prospects for future usefulness are very encouraging. The Rolling Prairie chiuxh stands next in order of time. The first orLia)iization of a Presbyterian church in La Porte county took place, as has been stated, ax the house of Alexander Blackburn, half a mile west of Rolling Prairie, but this organization became the First Presbyterian church of La Porte, and must not be confounded with that now existing at Rolling Prairie, which was organized in February, 1852. Rev. John Steele who had left the La Porte church for the purpose, heading the enterprise. Twenty-eight members were enrolled, many of them g<^ing from t!:e church at La Porte. Alexander ]^lackburn and B. F. Piper, who had been elders in the La Porte church, and John S. Hawkins were appointed elders, and James Catterlin and Wm. Wetlierhold deacons. Mr. Steele re- mained with the church a little over three yeai's. During this time sixteen of the original members had withdrawn, because of removals, among them Blackburn, and one of the other ehiers. James Cat- terlin was ordained elder, June 24, 1855, and still occupies the office. At the close of Mr. Steele's ministration the membership had increased to fifty, though it had lost some of the best and most zealous amonjx them. June 27, 1856, Dr. T. D. Brown and Cor- 426 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. nelius Hermans were ordained elders; and following Mr. Steele, Rev. F. P. Cummins preached to the congregation it year or more, when Rev. J. M. McRae commenced in April, 1857, a period of labor with this church, extending over nearly two years. His labors were successful, a revival was enjoyed and twenty-nine were added to the church. During parts of the years 1860-1, Rev. F. P. Cummins again acted as supply for the cliurch, and was afterwards- succeeded in this duty by pastors at La Porte, Rev. R. S. Good- man, and Rev. L. C. Spofford, Rev. Walter Forsythe, of South Bend, and Rev. J. Lowry. In the year 1869-70, Rev. J. H. Nevius, of South Bend, supplied the church regularly, and with much acceptance and usefulness. During the past year Rev. Henry Johnson a theological student of the seminary at Chicago, haa preached once in four weeks. The church edifice was erected in 1857, and the membership now numbers about forty. The next Presbyterian church organized in the county was that at Wanatah. In 1870, Rev. F. M. Elliott, of Union Mills, found a few Presbyterians at Wanatah and formed them into a church. He preached to them while he remained at Union Mills, and has been followed in his labors there by Rev. S. E. Smith. Mr. Frank McCurdy and Mr. Orville Adams are the elders. They have no church edifice, and the number of the membership is less than twenty. Tho youngest Presbyterian church in the county is that at Mich- gan City. Many years ago, the Congregational church at Michi- gan City was Presbyterian about one year, and there has always been in the church an element which preferred the Presbyterian polity and system of church government, and in the early part of 1871, a portion of the members took steps for the formation of a Presbyterian church. A meeting was held in March for general consultation, the result of which was that twenty-nine persons, at a subsequent meeting, held March 27th, asked for letters of dismis- sion. These adjourned to the house of C. H. Hall, and there re- solved to organize a Presbyterian church in Michigan City. On the Sunday following, April 2d, services were h.eld for the first time. Rev. C. VanSantvoord of Chicago, preached. On the fol- CHURCH RECORD, 427 lowing Sabbath, Rev. J. Q. Hall, of Minnesota, preached to the new organization, and was called to the pastorate on the 13th. Au- thority having been obtained from the Presbytery of Logansport. the church was duly organized on the 9th day of May, with a mem- bership of thirty-nine ; and J. S. Ford, John Orr, J. A. Thornton, and/ Henry W. Johnson were elected elders. John Orr died on the 16th day of May 1873, and B. F. Sammons was elected to the vacant eldership. Thus this church began its existence. There were great zeal and earnestness among the members, a revival came in the winter following the organization, and the number of the mem- bership was increased to seventy-seven. There was an early deter- mination to erect a house of worship, steps were taken to this end in the summer of 1872, and on December 19th, the present church edifice was dedicated, a sermon being preached on the occasion by Rev. Arthur Mitchell, of Chicago. A large and flourishing Sab- bath school is connected with this church. Mr. Hall accepted the call which he had received, and was regularly installed pastor on the 5th day of June, 1872. His pastorate still continues, and has been attended with a high degree of success and usefulness. LUTHERAN. The Evangelical Lutheran church at La Porte, was established in the year 1857. Several families of this faith were living in La- Porte, and they invited Rev. H. Wunder, of Chicago, to preach for them. This he did for a time, when they effected a church organi- zation, and called as their first pastor, Rev. T. Tram. He was a laborious and useful minister, and under his charge, the congrega- tion grew and flourished. They had no house of worship, and for some months, their services were held in a school house. They then built a small frame church on C. street. But the congrega- tion still grew, larger accommodations were necessary, and in 1863, they built the brick edifice which they now own and occupy, a handsome and substantial building. It is neatly finished, and sup- plied with all conveniences to make it attractive and comfortable. Rev. G. Kuechle was pastor for several years, after 1863. The present pastor is I. T. Neithemmer. There are one hundred and- ninety families represented in the congregation. The society sup- 428 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. ports its own schools, which number nearly three hundred pupils. This church is known as St. John's Evangelical Lutheran. There has been for many years a Lutheran church organization at Michigan City, having a good house of worship, and a large .congregation. Owing to some disagreement between the pastor and a portion of the church, which occurred in 1875, a division was recently eftected, and a part of the membership retired. These will, without delay, proceed to the erection of a new house of wor- ship. There are many Lutherans also in other parts of the county. Attached to the La Porte charge, a number reside in the vicinity of Kingsbury, and have preaching three miles south of that village as often as once a montli. At Westville there are al^o (juite a num- ber. They are without a liouse of worship, and are attached to the Lutheran charge at Valparaiso. In addition to these there is a church edifice not far from Wanatah, which is occupied by a branch .of the Lutheran church. The membership of the churches in this county is attached to the Synod of Missouri. The St. Paul's Evangelical Reformed Lutherans also have a church organization in La Porte, and a church edifice on Main street, which was formerly occupied by the Disciple or Christian congregation. Rev. Jacob Linder is the pastor. The membership of the foregoing are all composed of persons of German nationality, and there is, in addition to them, in La Porte, a Lutheran church organization composed of persons of Swedish nationality. They own a church edifice on D street in Andrew's .ad(liti(ui, whei'c regular services are held every Sabbath, by Rev. G. Lumlahl. the pastor. CATHOLIC. There are two Catholic church organizations and buildings in the citjv of La Porte, St. Joseph's Catholic church. (German,) and St. Peter's, (Irish). The latter is the older organization, its existence being almost coeval with that of the city. Rev. Father Kilroy, who was a man of great force of character, and influence with his people, was many years the officiating priest. Rev. Father T. 0. Sullivan now ministers to this congregation, which is one of the hirgest in tlu' city. Thcii" house of vvorslnp is a neat frame struct- CHURCH RECORD. 429^ ure which has been much enlarged since its foundation. It is situ- ated on Monroe street, and a school house is attached to the church. St. Joseph's church was organized into a Catholic congregation in 1858 by Rev. M. Scherer. The line, substantial brick edifice which they occupy was built in 1859-60. and a school house was added soon afterwards. In 1^65. Fathei- Scherer went to another field of labor, and was succeeded as priest by Rev. S. Bartoz, of Polish descent. His health failing, he resigned in 1870. when Rev. John Oechtering, the present pastor, succeeded. Connected with this church are one hundred and twenty-five German and seve- ral Polish families. The church buildino: is one of the best in the city. It is crowned with a steeple one hundred and thirty-five feet high, with two chime bells, weighing each one thousand pounds. The Sabbath school is a flourishing one, and numbers about two hundred children. At Michigan City there is a large Catholic church and congrega- tion, which was organized many years ago. Their house of worship is one of tlie best in the city, and the congregation probably the largest. At Otis, also, there is a Catholic church, with a small but neat church building. Most of the members are Polanders. DISCIPLE OR CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Of this denomination there are five congregations in La Porte county. The church at La Porte was established in 1837 by means of the eftbrts of Judge Wm. Andrew and I)r. Jacob P. Andrew. Their labors were earnest, unremittir.g and successful. The elders who have ministered to the church as pastors since that time have been John Thompson. Wm. Lane, M. N. Lord, Dr. C. G. Bartholo- mew, Ira J. Chase, James Hadsell, A. M. Collins, and Oscar F. Lane. The last named recenth' resigned th.e pastoral charge, and at this writing, (March, 1876,) the congregation is without a pastor. For many years this society occupied the building on Main street^ which is now occupied by the Reformed Evangelical Lutherans. The Lutherans having, in 1867, purchased the Second Presbyterian church building, they soon after exchanged with the Christian society, the latter desiring a larger edifice ; and since that time the congregation of the Christian church has occupied the commodious 430 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. house of worship on the corner of Prairie and Monroe streets. The congregation numbers about one hundred and fifty, and the deacons and deaconesses at present are T. J. Foster, A. P. Ireland, J. L. Boyd, Mrs. W. H. Calkins, Mrs. Angeline C. Wagner, and Mrs. 'T. J. Foster. S. K. Pottenger and Isaac N. Whitehead are the elders. The society next in order of organization after that at La Porte, is the one at Westville, which was established in 1848 by John Martindale. The conorreoration numbers about one hundred. Among the elders whose labors they have enjoyed are Dr. C. G. Bartholomew, and Elder Edmundson. About the year 1850, a society of this church was established in •Galena township. It was reorganized in 1872 by Elder Joseph Wickard. It has had the benefit of the labors besides others, of elders John Martindale, David Miller, Wm. Roe, Wm. C. Cum- mins, and Caleb B. Davis, who is the present pastor. The congre- gation numbers fifty. In 1854, a church society of this denomination was established at Rolling Prairie by John Martindale, which has been one of the most flourishing in the county. In 1874, it numbered one hundred and sixty. Since its organization, it has received the pastoral labors of Elders Komer, Sargent, Sharpless, Clendennin, Wm. Roe. Jesse Roe, and Joseph Wickard. Among the prominent members of this church are Isaac N. Whitehead, Miner Nesbitt, and Absa- lom Bo well. Besides those already mentioned, there is a small congregation of Christians at Wanatah, which has generally received the ministra- tions of the pastors of the church at Westville. The aggregate membership of the Christians in the county is probably not far from five hundred. ZION'S CHURCH. The congregation of this church is composed of our Jewish citi- zens, the services being the Hebrew ritual, and their rule of faith the Scriptures of the Old Testament. They occupy a very neat (synagogue or church on the corner of Indiana ave. and First street, where services are held Friday evenings and Saturday mornings. CHURCH RECORD. 431 SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. Some of the pioneers of La Porte county were members of this denomination, among whom are the well-known families of the Stan- tons and Vails, who settled here as early as 1833. Some of them came from Ohio, and others from New Jersey, some also from Wayne county, Ind., and the State of North Carolina. They soon established a meeting in the " Quaker neighborhood," north of the city of La Porte. Here for many years their services were held, ceasing about 1860, owing to the deaths that had occurred, and the removal of others. Not long afterwards, about 1869, a neat brick church was erected in La Porte by the Friends. In this year, Jacob H. Vining came to La Porte from the State, of Maine, when the scattered families of Friends, some of whom belonged to the Orthodox branch of the society, and others to the '•Hicksite" branch, joined together and established a meeting at La Porte in the new church. Jacob H. Vining became the preacher, and servi- ces have been held regularly ever since. This is known as an Orthodox meeting, though in fact, it is about equally divided between the two branches of Friends. SWEDENBORGIAN . This is called ''The New Church," or the Society of "The New Jerusalem." It was organized in La Porte on the 14th day of June, 1859. Nine years before, the doctrines inculcated by Eman- uel Swedenborg had been introduced to La Porte, chiefly through the instrumentality of Judge Chamberlain of Goshen. He had made the acquaintance of Mr. and Mrs. James Andrew, Mrs. An- drew and her sister who was visiting her at the time, being believers in this faith. Mr. Chamberlain determined to secure some one to give lectures on this belief, and not long after this decision, in the year 1850, coming from Goshen, he brought with him Rev. Henry Weller. He was a man of far more than ordinary ability, and his lectures produced a profound and lasting impression. He continued preaching here, though not with regularity and when the society was organized, Mr. Weller was chosen pastor. He preached regu- larly to the society after this, except during the time when he was Chaplain of the 87th Indiana Volunteers, up to the date of his departure to the world of spirits, which occurred on the 9th day of 432 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. June, 1868. His death was greatly mourned by his congregatlony who had for him a sincere and heartfelt esteem and affection. Rev, Woodbury A[. Fernald was pastor from June 1, 1869 to May 1, 1870, when his labors ceased, and in 1874, he too passed away from earth. On the 1st day of October, 1871, Rev. Cyrus Scam- mon was appointed pastor, a position which he still holds. The society occupies a plain but very neat temple, situated in the cen- tral part of the city. It has a membership of perhaps fifty ; and its Sabbath school shows a still larger number. The following are- stated as essential doctrines of the New Church: The Divinity of the Lord; the Holiness of the Word, and the Life of Charity. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. There are two Episcopal churches in La Porte county, one at La Porte and one at Michigan (Jity, the latter being one of the oldest church organizations in the county. They are known re- spectively as St. Paul's church, of La Porte, and Trinity church of Michigan City. St. Paul's was organized on the 25th day of July, 1889. At the meeting for the organization, Rev. D. V. M. John- son, Rector of Trinity church at Michigan City, presided, and Franklin Thwing acted as Secretary. The officers elected were, for Wardens, John Kobson and Franklin Thwing; for Vestrymen, James Whittem, J. R. Traver, Samuel Stewart, Thos. H. Phillips, Hiram Wheeler. T. B. Bell, Jacob Early and H. T. Holbrook. For some months after the organization, the Rector of Trinity church at Michigan City preached for the new church each alternate Sabbath. Early in 1840, Rev. Solon W. Manney was settled as Rector, and his successors have been as follows: Rev. H. W. Roberts. 1851; Rev. F. R. Half, 1852; Rev. W. E. Franklin, 1854; Rev. A. Gregory, 1856; Rev. A. E. Bishop, 1862: Rev. J. H. Lee, 1864; Rev. F. M. Gregg, 1866: Rev. G. J. Magill, 1870; Rev. Chas. T. Coer, 1875. After a few months of very acceptable labor, Mr. Coer resigned; and the church is now, early in 1876, destitute of a Rector. A sorrowful event in the history of this church, was the death of Rev. W. E. Franklin, who in life was beloved, and in death was lamented by his parishioners. For several years, this church had no house of worship ; but in 1845, the present edifice on the corner of Michigan avenue and Harrison CHURCH RECORD. 433 street, was erected. It has since been enlarged and much improved. The communicants number about one hundred and fifty ; and the value of the church property is estimated at $10,500. Trinity church at Michigan City was established in 1836, and its first Rector was Rev. D. V. M. Johnson. Some of those who have succeeded him are, Rev. G. B. Engle, now of Indianapolis; Rev. Henry Safford, now of Cold Water, Mich.; Rev. C. A. Bruce, Helena. Ark.; Rev. Wm. H. Stoy, Logan, Utah; Rev. E. P. Wright, Sussex, Wis.; Rev. R. L. Ganter, Akron, Ohio; Rev. T. L. Bellam, Golden, Col.; Rev. J. F. Winkley, Westfield, Mass.; Rev. Dr. Reeves, now of Mich.; Rev. R. Brass, Pontiac, Mich. Rev. S. S. French, is the present rector. The number of communi- cants is about sixty. The church property consists of a quarter block at the corner of Franklin and Sixth streets, upon which stands the church edifice. The corner stone of the present building was laid in 1858. It is a neat, wooden structure, on a brick and stone foundation, Its style is "Rustic Gothic." The rectory stands on the same lot. The total value of the property is about $15,000. The Wardens are at the present time, U. C. Follet, and W. R. Godfrey; and the Vestrymen are Charles Tryon, L. B. Ashton, Elijah Behan, A. E. Martin, John Dixey, W. R. Bowes, and Wal- ter Vail. UNITARIAN. On the 22nd day of June, 1875, Rev. Dr. Robert Colly er, of Chicago, upon invitation of some of the citizens, and with a view to the formation of a church of that denomination, preached in La- Porte, and steps were at once taken for a proper organization, which has been successfully accomplished. Rev. Enoch Powell was in- stalled pastor on the 7th day of March, 1876, and the following Board of Trustees have been elected: Dr. George M. Dakin, Presi- dent; Charles G. Powell, Secretary; Mrs. N. S. Darling, Treas- urer; and L. Crane, Dr. T. Higday, Mrs. Kate Owen and Mrs. Sarah Fox. Regular services are now held at the Court House, and a flourishing Sabbath school has been organized. The follow- ing is the Bond of Union, which forms the basis of the church 28 434 HISTORY OF LA POKTE COUNTY. ''We, whose names are hereto subscribed, associate ourselves to- gether as a Christian church, for the purpose of moral and spiritual improvement, and of promoting truth and righteousness in the world, through the study, practice and diffusion of pure religion, as taught and lived by Jesus of Nazareth, — "Love to God and Love to Man." Recognizing the right of private judgment, and the sacredness of individual conviction, we require no assent to any other doctrinal statement as a basis of Christian fellowship, but we welcome all who desire to co-operate with us in advancing the Kingdom of God." THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH— MICHIGAN CITY. In the year 1835, Rev. John Morrill, of Massachusetts, who had been a short time at La Porte, came to Michigan City : and through his efforts a Cono-regational church was oro-anized. Amono; others who were present at the organization, there were Rev. John Mor- rill and his wife, Mrs. Benjamin James, Jacob and Mrs. Bigelow, Mrs. Susan Sprague, Robert Stewart, and Joel Ferris. After the departure of Mr. Morrill, Reverends South, Chase and Townsend, preached for the infant society. The records of the church are very imperfect, but it seems that in February, 1840, a majority of the members preferred a Presbyterian form of government. A change was accordingly made from Congregational to Presbyterian, and the denomination was attached to the Logansport Presbytery. But the Congregational sentiment was still strong, and in October, 1841, the former action was reversed. On the 23rd of September, at their own request, the Presbyterian church of Michigan City was dropped from the rolls of the presbytery. On the 5th of Octo- ber, a meeting was held at which Willys Peck was called to the chair and S. H. Turner appointed Secretaiy; and a resolution was adopted changing the form of government to the Congregational, and re-adopting the name by which the organization was first ktjown, that of "First Congregational Church of Michigan City." It is probable that Rev. James Towner was at this time the pastor, but ceased to be, either at the change of name or shortly after: and Rev. Elnathan Davis supplied the pulpit. Mr. Towner died on the 2d day of March, 1844, at Michigan City. In 1842, Rev. John M. Williams preached to the congregation CHURCH RECORD. 435 as "stated supply," and continued his labors with them until some- time in the year 1844. A call was then extended to Rev. Erastus Colton, of Peoria, 111., which he accepted, and was installed Novem- ber 20th. At this time Willys Peck, John Bond and Joshua R. Shedd, were deacons. During the pastorate of Mr. Colton, in September, 1847, an in- cident occurred which is worthy of mention, as illustrating the cautious watchfulness of the church in the matter of domestic mor- als. A widow lady, Tabitha Stone was a member of the church, and in course of time married a Mr. Swenck. From some cause the marriage was not a happy one. She procured a divorce, and not long afterwards was married to a Mr. Hughes. A charge was promptly brought against her in the church, that she had violated Christian duty. It was brought in due form before the proper authority, and a hearing was had, when it was decided that " though she (Mrs. Hughes.) pleads civil custom and the practice of church members in self-justification, and asserts her ignorance of the bind- ing force of the divorce law given by our Savior in the Gospel as recorded by Matthew, and deems her act right, after reflection and prayer, yet in the opinion of this church, she erred in not delaying her acts of divorce and remarriage until she could inquire and come to a correct judgement. Her fault, however, not bearing evidence of wilfulness, but, it would seem, being a sin of ignorance, she is hereby admonished to sin no more, in a like act.'' It is plain that the church did not wish the uxorious sister to fall into a habit of divorce and remarriage, or that the example she had given, should be followed by others. It will be seen that the Conorreo^ational church is one of the old- est in the county, and it is the only one of that denomination. It has enjoyed a fair degree of successful work, and has been presided over by some able pastors. Among others whose ministrations it has shared in later years, are Rev. Edward Anderson, who became Colonel of the Twelfth cavalry in 18(34 ; Rev. Mr. Taylor, and the present pastor Rev. Mr. Kent. Some other church organizations have existed in the county; but, destitute of church edifices, their church services have not been regular, and some of them at least have now no existence. Among HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. these was a Wesleyan Methodist society, which maintained regular services for a time, and also the United Presbyterian organization, which, under the pastoral charge of an excellent man, Rev. Mr. Clark, enjoyed a period of prosperity. The organization has long ceased to have regular services. CHAPTER XXVI. INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES. The progress of thought as directed toward discovery and inven- tion has had its full share of deveiopement in La Porte county. Some of its most important achievements will be noted in this chapter. In 1848, Jacob J. Mann, wJio was carrying on a country wagon and blacksmith shop and his son, Henry F. Mann, who had learned the wagon maker's trade with his father, — invented a harvesting machine which cut the grain with a scolloped edge sickle, and by a double series of toothed bands: one series running on a level with the cutting apparatus and the other series running up an inclined plane, carried the cut grain up the inclined plane and deposited it into a rotating receptacle where the sheaf was collected, and thrown upon the ground in suitable condition for binding. Machines were made in 1848, and an application made for a patent which was issued to Jacob J. Mann and Henry F. Mann, June 19, 1849. In 1849, ten of the machines were made and put into operation in the harvest of that year, but on account of some defects it was found necessary to make further improvements in order to nmke a practi- cally successful harvester. This occupied the minds of the invent- ors until 1853, when they made another machine embracing such improvements by filing a caveat in 1853, followed by an application for a patent in 1855, and the issue of the second patent to J. J. & H. F. Mann, June 3, 1856. The improved machine was exhibited at the Indiana State Fair held at La Fayette in 1853, and was looked upon with so much favor by the farmers and examining com- mittee that it was awarded the first premium in competition with the popular machines of that day. INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES. 437 As is usually the case with inventors of valuable improvements there were many difficulties encountered by the Manns, inventors and patentees, but notwithstanding, they succeeded in building a considerable number of their machines for each harvest, and also in having some built by other parties, John D. Stewart, of La Porte, having built some, so that there have been made and used in the harvest field from 1,500 to 2,000 of the ''J. J. Mann & Sons" reapers. This machine was put in competition with others at Fairs on many a hotly contested field trial, and almost universally came off with the highest honors. In many instances farmers have cut from sixteen to twenty acres of wheat in a day with one of them. Jacob J. Mann died in the early part of 1868 at Westville, Ind. II. F. Mann now resides in Pittsburgh, Pa., and as he has not abandoned his idea of improving agricultural machinery, is now engaged in developing a combined two wheeled mower and harvester, upon which the binders ride and bind. In 1861, H. F. Mann, then living in La Porte, Ind., invented and obtained a patent for improvement in breech loading cannon. He then proceeded to Washington to secure the adoption of his invention by the government, and in 1862, presented to the consider- ation of the goverment officers a o in. cast steel breech loading rifled field piece, which was tested under the direction of the late Admiral Dahlgren to the extent of five hundred rounds, upon the result of which he obtained an order for an ei^ht inch rifle n;un which was completed at Trenton, N. J., in September, 186->, and was fired ten proof rounds in October of that year. It was then removed to Washington and thence to Fortress Monroe, when it was fired twenty rounds in 1864, and m 186T was again successfully tested under tlsc direction of the late Gen. Rodman, chief ordnance con- structor of the government. In the early part of 1874 at the ear- nest solicitation of Mr. Mann, the gun was removed from Fortress Monroe to the West Point foundry where it was bored up to eight and four-tenths inches and rifled, after which it was taken to the govern- ment proving grounds at Sandy Hook, N. Y. Harbor, where it has been tested under direction of a board of Ordnance officers with very satisfactory results, using twentj^-five to thirty-five pounds of pow- 488 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. der and one hundred and seventy pound conical projectiles. The results obtained at this last firing compare very favorably with results obtained in this country and in Europe with government guns of the best standards. Mr. Mann is confident, and he has reason to be, that this gun will yet stand in the front rank in the armament of the fortifications of this country. Brooks' Turbine water wheel was invented in 1854. Improve- ments were from time to time made in it by E. B. Brooks and his brothers, and in 1871, M. A. Brooks took out a patent for an im- proved water wheel. The first one was made in La Porte by Brooks and Husselman. These wheels are now manufactured at the ma- chine works of J. N. Brooks, and they have been very extensively used in the West. In the year 1859, George W. Miles, of Michigan City, invented a Felloe Bending machine, which is now in use in the La Porte wheel factory, has been improved by that company, and proves to be a machine of great utility. The Wheel Company are also using a machine which is very ingeniously arranged for the shaving of spokes. It is the invention of W. W. Smith, of La Porte, and was produced by him in the year 1872. In the line of discoveries rather than inventions, there is to be noted especially the discovery of a remedy for what is called the opium habit, or the practice of eating opium, a habit which entails untold suffering on its victims. Until the year 1868, there seemed to be absolutely no remedy for this dreadful disease, if disease it may be called, and when the habit was once fixed, there was no relief but in the grave, which in most cases was soon reached. In the year 1868, a mechanic in La Porte, working at his trade, which was that of a brick-layer, discovered a remedy by which those who had fallen victims to this fearful habit might be able to save them- selves from a fate more terrible than that of the bound Prometheus. It had been frequently declared that the disease of opium eating was incurable. High medical authority had said so. Dr. Oppen- heim pronounced it "a fatal fascination never to be broken by any wily stratagem or open force whatsoever". Dr. Pidduck had said that the opium eater "can no more break away from the habit than the paralytic imbecile can throw off" his lethargy," Dr. Elliotson INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES. 439 "could not find the first instance of voluntary renunciation," and Dr. Palmer, of Ontario, had never even heard ''of the first instance of permanent reformation after the habit had been confirmed." There seemed absolutely nothing to open the labyrinth of woes in which these poor victims wandered, not one ray of hope to cheer the desponding sufferer. But the time had come when this, like all other evils to which human flesh is heir, was to yield to a remedial agent of nature ; and it fell upon Dr. Samuel B. Collins to pioneer the way to freedom and happiness for this wretched portion of humanity. Another hidden secret of nature was given up, this time to a humble mechan- ic; and his voice was like a star in Egyptian darkness to those who had so long waited without hope. Dr. Collins has been practicing medicine since about 1860, and when he first made known his great remedy, it was received as most important discoveries have ever been, with incredulity and even ridicule. But there was a man in La Porte, in whom all had confi- dence, one of the first settlers of the place, a large property holder, and an eminently respectable and upright citizen. For years he had been afflicted with the opium habit, and was rapidly going down to the grave. He tried the Collins discovery, and was cured; and when he declared on oath that he took the remedy between the 18th day of July, and 13th day of December, 1868, when he found him- self absolutely and totally cured, there was no room to doubt the efilicacy of the discover}-. Prejudice, ridicule and incredulity all gave way before it, and the fortunes of Dr. Collins were made. Since then his course has been one of continued triumph. The fame of his remedy has gone all abroad, and is known at this time almost throughout the civilized world. As at the beginning, so still it continues to perform its work. From every quarter testimo- nials have come as to its efficacy, until a book larger than this volume might be filled with them. Almost from the home of Dr. Collins comes this : Union Mills, Ind., September 30th, 1872. Dr. S. B. Collins, La Porte, Ind., Dear /Sir: — After taking a nostrum prepared by a * * * * * for the opium habit, and being made very sick there- 440 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. by at each dose, I concluded to try your remedy, having learned that you are the sole discoverer of a painless and permanent cure for the dreadful habit of opium eating. I am rejoiced that I did so, for after taking your remedy for about twelve months, I found myself, as I truly believe, entirely cured, and I am now comfortable without any medicine whatever. Like nearly all opium eaters, I first believed your remedy resem- bled the '■' * * * a sort of humbug, — but to my surprise and great joy I fou.id it to be a perfect cure for the accursed habit. If any person desires to know more of this wonderful remedy by corresponding with me on the subject of my cure, I will cheerfully answer every question, and give all information in my power con- cei'ning the action oC tlu? remedy in mv own case. I have lived in L;i Porte county for thirty-nine years, and had used .;i:trphine for about eight, at the time I commenced taking your remedy, consuming one bottle of it in from eight to nine days; but since taking the first dose of your medicine I have had no desire for any preparation of Opium whatever, and I now pronounce my- self entirely cured. I am confident that if any opium eater will write to Dr. Collins, giving him the exact amount of the drug used for a certain length of time, whether morphine, gum opium or laud- anum, and will follow the directions given upon the label of the bottles, he, like myself, will be delivered from the opium hell that no man can describe. I have a near neighbor who, after taking a few bottles of your remedy was entirely freed from his terrible bondage, but like many others who have been cured by you, will not allow his name to be made public. Thanking you for the many favors you have conferred upon me and the great good you have done, and wishing 3^ou and your inval- uable remedy unbounded success, I remain very respectfully. John McLain. Amount of Opium used per month, 1920 grains: cured since July, 1872. A few other brief testimonials are selected and presented here: April 23, 1874. When I first went to you for consultation and confei^ence with reference to my case, and after a full statement of facts, you did not promise to cure me under twelve months, and with fJiat infor- mation I went under your treatment, and I gave you an exact and truthful statement of my case; and commenced to take your medi- cine as directed. The result was, you complctcMl a pcDnanent cure INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES. 441 in a little over eight months time. Almost five months have now passed since I left off taking your medicine, and I am a well, happy and prosperous man once again. Joy and gladness have come once more to .our family circle, and driven forever away that sadness and grief and deep sorrow that had settled there because of my illness and bondage to that great task and slave-master, morphine. For eight long, weary, sorrowing years, it led me day by day for all tl^at time, to satisfy the demands of habit entailed upon me by the doctors who attended me during my long illness in the summer and fall of 1864. Since the first Tuesday in October last, I have been in court 'every day here, and there, with but one or two exceptions, and I have had full strength of mind and body to enable me to conduct the matters and business there demanded of me. But for your aid, jour skill, and your medicine, I never could have done such work. I tell you doctor, I am well again, I am what I have written you / mn. You have done for me all and more than I have ever written you. That awfully heavy weight or load of profound grief and apprehensive sorrow that had for so long a time settled upon the hearts of dearly loved ones in my own loved home, because they saw through morphine the surely and swiftly coming of the sleep of death during the long night of the grave, has been completely removed, and now with light hearts and joyous, happy spirits, they move on and on through the hours of this life, never forgetting my great emancipation from the long and terrible bondage of that cruel but seductive poison — morphine. Marcus P. Norton. P. S. — When your treatment commenced, I weighed 184 pounds, now I weigh 220 pounds, in all 36 pounds of square and healthy gain. M. P. N. Amount of opium used per month, 1200 grains; cured since January, 1874. Napoleon, Ohio, December 10, ]874. Dr. S. B. Colli2sS, La Porte, Ind.: Dear Sir : — It is now more than a year since I ceased to use either your antidote or opium in any form. My general health is greatly improved and improving. At a former time you published a statement of my case under the title of ''Water Cure versus Home." I was certain then that your antidote would accomplish all that you promised. I have only now to say that this has been done in my case; also that it will do this 442 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. in every case when it is taken according to directions. Sympathy and duty require me to make, and authorize you to use this state- ment. Yours Truly, Wm. Sheffield, Banker. Amount of opium used per month, 7200 grains; has been cured since November, 1873. Franklin, Ga., January 24, 1875. Dr. S. B. Collins, La Porte, Ind.: Dear Sir: — It affords me great pleasure to say to you that you have cured me of eating opium. I had been eating it about three years. I used your Antidote about three months. I have used neither the Antidote nor any morphine in about three months, and now have no desire for either. Very Respectfully, Mollie E. Duke. P. S. — You can use the above in any way you please. Amount of opium used per month, 1200 grains; cured since October, 1874. Hundreds of such testimonials could be presented, but these must suffice. They abundantly show that Dr. Collins' discovery for the cure of the opium habit is no quack nostrum, but a veritable reme- dial agent, which does the work it professes to do, and which has already brought sweet relief to many a one who had fallen into the lowest depths of horrid despair. The pecuniary returns of Dr. Collins have been commensurate with the importance of his discovery, and he spends his means freely among the people where he toiled as a laborer. He erected a few years ago, an elegant marble front building in La Porte, the third story of which he generously donated for five years to the Library association. He has advertised freely, and has met and still continues to receive his just reward. PROFESSIONS AND BUSINESS. 443 CHArTER XXVII. PROFESSIONS AND BUSINESS. In the preceding chapters, the beginning, growth and devel- opement of La Porte county have been stated. This chapter will present a general view of the business of the county, as it now exists. The number of those engaged in the various trades and professions in the villages throughout the county, has already been shown in connection with the history of the townships in which they are severally located. It has been found impracticable to obtain even an approximate estiu:ate of the amount of the business transacted throughout the county, and it is impossible to do much more than state the number of business houses of the various branches of trade, and of those who are engaged in professional employments. The agricultural products of the county may be stated in round numbers at about the following: The number of acres of land in cultivation is 87,000; head of cattle, 19,000; horses, 8,000; mules, 500; sheep, 10,500; hogs, 18,000; bushels of wheat raised, 485,- 000; bushels of corn, 920,000; bushels of rye, 3,000; bushels of oats, 185,000; tons of hay cured, 5,000; bushels of barley raised, 27,000; bushels of potatoes, 64,000. These amounts must be taken as an average for several years past, excluding the year 1875, as to wheat; for in that year there was perhaps less than one-third of a fair crop, the severity of the preceding winter having utterly destroyed many thousands of acres. THE BUSINESS OF LA TORTE. In the city of La Porte, there are three firms dealing in agricul- tural implements, two of whom sell most kinds of farm machinery, and do a large business in this line. The other firm manufactures and sells separators which are extensively used, and continue to have a large sale. Besides these several other parties manufacture various articles of farm machinery, such as gang plows, cultivators, rollers, &c. 444 HISTORY OF LA PORTE COUNTY. La Porte contains two book and stationery stores, and books are kept also in connection with two of the drug stores. Of the latter there are five. Fred'k West keeps the drug store in the Alexander block on Indiana avenue, also a large assortment of books, stationery and many fancy articles, besides wall paper and curtains. Mr. West came to La Porte county in 1851, and cnij:aged in teaching in Gale- na and Hudson townships. In 1852 he came to La Porte and entered the store of P. King, then on Main street. In 1853 he con, B. B. Root and Jasper Packard issued the first number of the Daily Union. Three months after- wards, Mr. Packard retired from it. By hard work, Mr. Root kept it alive perhaps two months lonpfcr. when it ceased to exist. The Cullatons made a similar attempt in 1SG6, but it lasted only a week. On the eighth day of October, 1875, the present propri- etor of the Chronicle determined to make another experiment of the same kind, and accordingly issued the Daily Evening Chronicle. At the end of two weeks, it became evident that the receipts could not be made to ecjual the expenditures, and the n^Av venture expired with the twelfth number. Besides those named, there was at one time a German paper published in La Porte; and John S. Weller published the Crisis, a Swedenborgian paper, which was a long time ably edited by Rev. Henry Weller. ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO AND NOW. 465. CHAPTER XXIX. ONE ITUNDREI) YEARS AGO ANT) XOW. When first the foot of man pressed the soil of La Porte county, we know not, but it was more than one hundred years ago that the "pale face" first stood on these prairies and gazed on the beautiful groves, and lakes sparkling in the sunshine. It lacks but three years of two full centuries, since the first white man touched the limits of La Porte county. It is possible, even probable that it was still earlier than that when such an event occurred. In the year 1671, the Governor of New France officially sent Nicholas Parrot to explore the lakes. He came up Lake Michigan along the eastern shore, establishing posts, and took possession of the North-west, in the name of the "Grand Monarque," the King of the French. It is not improbable that he came to the very apex of the lake, which would bring him to where Michigan City now stands, and entering the mouth of Trail creek, landed, and rested on the sands at the foot of Hoosier Slide, perhaps ascended to its summit, and planted there the standard of the cross, by which he took possession of the whole North-west for France. But there is no evidence to support the claim, and therefore the writer does not make it. It is certain, however that this territory, included now within tlie limits of La- Porte county, became then a part of the kingdom of France. It is appropriate that the name of our county should be French, since to that nation it first belonged, after the red man, whose title was older than that of any European nation. P>ut if tlie supposition in regard to Parrot is not correct, it is certain that La Salle touched La Porte county in 1GT9. Coming from Niagara around the lakes in canoes. La Salle and his companions passed up the St. Joseph river, to the portage near where now stands the city of South Bend, and taking up their canoes on their slioulders, they marched two miles to the head of the Kankakee river. Committing their canoes to the waters of that stream, they rowed down it as far as Cham- bers' landing, where they' tied up and encamped for the night. No 466 titStORY of LA POUtE COtJi^TY. doubt this was the first time a white man had ever slept on our soil. La Salle's explorations extended far to the southward, and on his return, he reached the lake somewhere between Trail creek and Chicago river. The supplies which he had expected did not meet him, and it was necessary to go after them. He chose the lake shore for a part of his journey, but diverged from it, and pass- ed across the county, following the old Indian trail through the centre of the locality of the present city of La Porte. To make sure of all this great western country for his august master, La- Salle also, as Parrot had done, took formal possession of it in the name of the King of the French, "from the mouth of the great river St. Louis, on the eastern side, otherwise called the Ohio, * * as also along the river Colbert or Mississippi, and rivers which discharge themselves therein, from its source. * * ." Thus La- Porte county belonged to France until, by the treaty of 1763 the territory of which it was a part was ceded to Great Britain ; and thus it occurred that one hundred years ago La Porte county was a part of the possessions of the English nation, and the French mili- tary posts in the Northwestern territory, were occupied by British soldiers. But soon afterwards. General George Rogers Clarke, under authority of the State of Virginia, captured their posts, and > this whole North-western territory was transferred to the proprie- torship of Virginia until by the ordinance of 1787, it became a part of the possessions of the United States. But in these changes of ownership, from Indian to French, from French to British, from British to Virginian, and from Virginian to Yankee, there was no change here. The summer's heat and winter's cold followed each other in unvarying succession, and there was nothing to break the , solemn stillness of nature, save the growl of the wild beast, the fierce shout of the savage, or the rush and roar of winds and storms as they passed over the prairie and woodland. Two hundred years ago, one hundred, even fifty years ago, the soil was unvexed by the plow, and the woodman's axe had never been heard. To have arisen over the county, would have been to look down on no settler's cabin or faintest trace of civilization ; but instead, boundless emerald seas, and luxuriant groves. b'^'^ HtJNDREb YEARS AGO AND NOW. 467 "These the gardens of the desert — these The unshorn fields, boundless and beautiful, And fresh as the young earth ere man had sinned. Lo ! they stretch In airy, undulations far away. As if the (icean in the gentlest swell. Stood still, with all his rounded billows fixed, And motionless forever." Thus it ail appeared to those who made here the first homes that were founded in these green gardens. Thus it appeared to James Andrew when he traversed the pathway from South Bend to La- Porte. Thus it looked to Wm. H. Winchell, when guided by a point in the distance, he drove his oxen from La Porte to the vicinity of Kingsbury. Thus Thompson Francis saw it, when he came to La Porte, found it a town of two or three houses, assisted in build- ing some more, then went to Michigan City to see only water and sand, went on to Michigan, and returned to Michigan City in the spring of the next year, 1834. So appeared this blooming country to all the pioneers, while yet they were so scattered as to make only here and there a rift in the loveliness of nature around them. But now ! Here is an industrious population numbering many thousands. The wild grass and flowers that painted the prairies in richest hues have given place to fields of golden grain. The log cabins have been exchanged for stately mansions. The sickle and scythe and cradle and single shovel plow have been laid aside, and the reaper and mower and cultivator now reign in our fields. All the evidences of an enlightened civilization are everywhere visible. The school house stands in every neighborhood, and churches abound in every town and village. Two cities and eleven villages, and innumerable farm houses give evidence of the growth of popu- lation. Eight railroads, numerous vessels laden with iron and lumber entering our lake harbor, large commercial houses, great manufacturing establishments, many thousands of acres of improved farms, all bear witness that there has been vigorous growth in the past, and indicate yet greater rewards in the future for the various industries of the county. The early settlers who yet remain must look back upon the work which they begun so well with feelings of pride ; and the men of to-day can look forward with confident hope ot yet greater results, in material growth and in intellectual and moral developement. THE END. 1959 i>\ii*y^ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 752 213 7 :f:«. mi m I f^^BilMil!!;! m ••i; ;i lll!t i i i ii ! i>!i ill