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L. H. MILLER SAFE & IRON WORKS 
 
 BUILDERS OF 
 
 Fire and Burglar Proof Protection 
 
 Office and Plant: FREMONT AVE., BRISCOE, HENRIETTA AND WARNER STS. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This company was established in 1857 by Luke H. Miller. The original and present 
 location of the factory is at the intersection of Fremont, Warner and Henrietta Streets. 
 Baltimore, IMd. The s])ecial and ycneral lines of tliis company are Fire and Ijurglar I'l'oof 
 Safes, Bank Vaults, Safe Deposit Boxes, Grille Work, Coin Safes, Etc. Facilities of 
 the plant are modern and first class in every particular, and its aim is to build the 
 strongest and best finished work at the lowest cost possible, and to give full value and 
 quality in every instance. Some of the contracts fulfilled b}' the L. H. .Miller Safe & 
 Iron Works are given below: 
 
 National City Bank New York, N. Y. 
 
 National Copper Bank New York, N. Y. 
 
 Girard Trust Co Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Clearing House Association Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Hamilton Trust Company Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Franklin National Bank Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Provident Life & Trust Co Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Commonwealth Trust Co Pittsburg, Pa. 
 
 Union National iiank Pittsburg, Pa. 
 
 Third National Bank St. Louis, :Mo. 
 
 Union National Bank ^^'ilmington, Del. ' 
 
 New Britain National Bank New Britain, Conn. 
 
 National Shawmut Bank Boston, Mass. 
 
 Industrial National Bank Pittsburg, Pa. 
 
 Fall River Savings Bank Fall River. Mass. 
 
 American National Bank Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Penobscot Safe Deposit & Trust Co Detroit. Midi. 
 
 Humbolt Savings liank San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 First National Bank San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Soutiiern Trust & Savings Bank San Diego. Cal. 
 
 National Bank of Baltimore Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Bureau Engraving and Printing Wasiiington. D. C. 
 
YORK SAFE & LOCK COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers and Designers of 
 
 Fire and Burglar Proof Safes, 
 
 Bank Vaults, Safe and Deposit Vaults, 
 
 Safe Deposit Boxes, Etc. 
 
 Baltimore Offices and Show Rooms 
 NUMBERS 5 AND 7 WEST GERMAN STREET 
 
 Factory and P.ant: YORK, PA. 
 
 The York Safe & Lock Co. was established in 1SS2, at York, Pa., with Israel Laucks, President, and 
 S. Ferry Laucks. Vice-President and General Manager of the company. The \'ork Safe i*c Lock Co. are 
 specialists in the designing and construction of high grade Fire and Burglar Proof Safes, Steel-Lined \'ault.s. 
 Safe Deposit Boxes, etc. The success of this company has been most remarkable, and with the comiile- 
 tion of buildings now in course of erection, the York Plant will be the largest in the country, covering 
 10 acres of ground. The York Safe & Lock Co. have equipped many of the largest financial Institutions, 
 Office Buildings and Business Establishments throughout the United States with Fire and Burglar 
 Proof Protection, and its reiautation has been earned and is maintained by liuilding, at no time in its career, 
 other than the highest grade of work. The Baltimore office and salesroom are situated at 5 and 7 ^^est 
 German Street, where is shown a full line of ^'ork Fire and Burglar Proof Safes, and from which point 
 is handled the business of contiguous territory. 
 
 In Baltimore, the York Safe & Lock Co. have installed their Safes and X'aults in the following promi- 
 nent institutions and buildings: 
 
 Continental Trust Co. 
 
 International Trust Co. 
 Baltimore Savings Bank. 
 Safe Deposit & Trust Co. 
 Maryland Savings Bank. 
 Maryland Trust Co. 
 
 TTnion Trust Co. 
 
 Calvert it Equitable Buildings. 
 
 Cnmther Building. 
 
 United States Custom House, Etc. 
 
 N.\TIO.V.\L REFERENCES. 
 
 Treasury Department, ^^ ashington, D. C. 
 Na\'j' Department, \Vashiagton, D. C. 
 War Department, Washington, D. C. 
 Isthmian Canal Commission. 
 Chemical National Bank, New York. 
 Hanover National Bank. New "^'ork. 
 Knickerbocker Trust Co., New York. 
 
 New York Stock Exchange. 
 Logan Trust Co., Philadelphia. 
 I'nion National Bank, Philadelphia. 
 First National Bank of Detroit. 
 New Engl.and Trust Co., Boston. 
 International Trust Co., Boston. 
 I'nion National Bank of Indianaiiolis. 
 
JOHN MILES 
 
 Wholesale Millinery Goods 
 
 610-612-614 BROADWAY 
 
 2-4-6-8-10-12-14-16 EAST HOUSTON STREET \ 
 
 Pioneer of the Cash System in the Millinery Trade 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 JOHN MILES, INCORPORATKD 
 
 Left ail orphan at the age of eleven years in 1S72, John Miles started in as a cash boy in a Grand 
 street department store, his salarj- being $2.50 per week, but in a very short time was increased to S4.50. 
 Not being satisfied with this amount, he utilized his spare time to any available work that would increase 
 his means. ^^ hen it came to his vacation, instead of spending what little he had, he worked on a farm 
 and added to his savings. The proprietor of the Grand street store saw that he had in this boy a remark- 
 able and valuable character, and his advancements were quick; but with his energy and ambition to 
 climb, it was no surjjrise to his associates when he left to take a position with the Eminent Millinery House 
 of James G. Johnson <fe Co., New York, to travel for them, but all the time he was with this house his 
 previous employers wanted him back, and finally he severed his connections with James G. Johnson it 
 Co. and returned to the Grand street store as buyer of dress goods, silks, upholstery and millinery at the 
 rate of two million dollars a year. At the same time he managed their wholesale millery department, 
 which made it second to none in New York, but this could not last long in a man like John Miles. His 
 aim was to be a great merchant, so in 1891 he rented a small room on the fifth fioor of 96 Spring street 
 with a capital of $50, and there on a SiH second-hand table he placed his stock, every article chosen that 
 would be bound to attract attention and sell quickly. 
 
 It was only a few months before his success was assured. His first stock was quickly sold and 
 larger stock added, and after six months' time he had to look around for larger quarters. He rented 
 half of a loft at 603 Broadway, and shortly afterward occupied the entire floor. In 1S92 he outgrew these 
 quarters and secured more spacious ones at 654 Rroadway, where he occupied three floors. He left these 
 in 1S97, and opened in the large buikling 636-63S Broadwav, and from there he moved into his present 
 enormous establi.shment 610-612-614 Broadway and 2-4-6-S-10-12-14-16 E. Houston street. 
 
 The les.sous that John Miles had learned in the school of actual exiierience were ajitly applied as 
 is evidenced by the growth of his busine-ss from a small beginning to its prosperous and conuiieiuiatory 
 current state. He has made a most creditable record, and is to be counted among the representative 
 merchants in Greater New York. He has contributed a fair share toward upholding the commercial 
 renown of the city in all the essentials of serving his customers well and showing a high sense of responsibility. 
 
 The entire stock is admirably selected. It contains the best products of the importers and manu- 
 facturers, selections always being made to the best advantage by buyers entirely familiar with their branch 
 of the trade, so that the retailer may rest assured of being well served. Much thought, time and effort 
 are expended upon bringing together all that is suitable, and nowhere can a purchaser get better value 
 or more courteous treatment. In fact, thorough knowledge of the sources of protluction and of the wants 
 of the community enables this house to give its patrons special inducements in the way of variety. 
 
 Absolute reliability has been the Keystone of John Miles' success, and the elevated principles 
 adopted by him in the beginning have always been adhered to. 
 
WEAR THE SCRIVEN UNDERWEAR 
 
 ^(mth (^ 
 
 TRADE MARK ^ffy 
 
 REG US Pal Off 
 
 S=3A FOR FIT, COMFORT AND 
 DURABILITY, THEY ARE 
 THE BEST. TRY THEM AND 
 YOU WILL BE CONVINCED 
 
 ORDER FROM YOUR HAB- 
 ERDASHER. OUR ILLUS- 
 TRATED BOOKLET WILL 
 BE SENT ON REQUEST 
 
 J. A. SCRIVEN COMPANY 
 
 Sole Manufacturers, 16-18 E. 15th STREET, NEW YORK CITY, N. Y. 
 
N. SHULMAN 
 
 Photographer 
 
 924 EAST BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Established sin.-e 1899. Group and Life Size Photographs a specialty. AwanliMl prizes at four 
 state conventions of Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware and West Virginia (1903) and at Huston National 
 Convention (1905). Official photographer "History of the .lows of Baltimore." 
 
JOSEPH C. CHRISTHILF 
 
 Official Commercial Photographer 
 
 OF THE 
 
 History of the Jews of Baltimore 
 
 201 PARK AVENUE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Cliristhilf began business on his own account in 1904 
 with studio at 201 Park Avenue. He makes a specialty of 
 view pliotography and general commercial work and has 
 special facilities for copying and enlarging. He maintains 
 one of the most up-to-date establishments, equipped with 
 high-class printing-machines and enlarging apparatus, and 
 liis aim is to do only the finest work possible. The exterior 
 photographs in the History of the Jews of Baltimore 
 show the character of Mr. Christhilf's art. He has pre- 
 served the negatives of all the photographs used in this 
 work and duplicate copies may be had from him at any 
 time. 
 
RENNOUS, KLEINLE & COMPANY 
 
 Brush Manufacturers 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Rennous, Kleinle & Co. is one of the largest and oldest brush manufacturing con- 
 cerns in the United States. It is a great satisfaction to us to call the attention of the 
 trade and general public to the history and success of their business. 
 
 The business was established by W. A. Megraw & Co. in 1850, and was succeeded 
 by Rennous. Kleinle & Co. in 187*), Messrs. John R. Rennous and Wni. Kleinle com- 
 posing the firm, whicli met with great success, especially between 1880 and 1890, and 
 became one of the leading brush manufacturers in the United States. It was during 
 this time that the merits of black Chinese bristle were exploited by this firm. The 
 firm built up a large trade in the introduction of Chinese bristle in the manufacture 
 of brushes, and the exceptionally fine line of goods placed on the market at this time 
 gave an impetus to the business which has resulted in placing this concern in the 
 front rank as brush manufacturers in the United States. Rennous, Kleinle & Co. were 
 the pioneers in the use of Chinese bristle and practically for many years had little 
 competition, as the process of preparing the bristle was unknown to their competitors, 
 who were consequently slow to enter into the manufacture of this line of goods. 
 
 HOME OF RENNOUS, KLEINLE & COMPANY 
 
 The business continued to increase by rapid strides until 1886, when larger facil- 
 ities had to be sought in greatly extended premises for a factory. The three build- 
 ings Nos. 413, 41.5 and 417 Exchange Place were secured, where the business was suc- 
 cessfully carried on until tlie great fire of 1904. The concern, which had previous to 
 the fire been incorporated, purchased the large property now occupied by the com- 
 pany at 848 to 856 Frederick Avenue, and 847 to 855 Stafford Street, which is one of 
 the largest and best equipped brush plants in this country. 
 
 The company make all kind of brushes which are known as the '"Horse Shoe 
 Brand," various lines being designated under their trade-marks, "Mikado," "Tj'coon," 
 "Arkaco," "Czar" and "Czarina," which names are synonyms for superiority and 
 durability. 
 
 The company is represented by a large staff of traveling salesmen and agents, 
 who cover this entire country, Canada, Cuba, Porto Rico and Australia. 
 
 The officers of the company are: Mr. W. P. Bigelow, President; Mr. Edw. Pit- 
 cairn, Treasurer; Mr. E. H. Welbourn, Superintendent, and Mr. F. A. Pilling, Secretary. 
 
WILLIAM A. TOTTLE & COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Brushes for the Trade 
 
 120-124 HANOVER STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of William A. 
 Tottle & Company was estab- 
 lished in 1884 by Mr. William 
 A. Tottle, since which time his 
 son, Mr. Morton P. Tottle, has 
 be?n taken into the firm. 
 
 William A. Tottle & Com- 
 pany are large manufacturers 
 of brushes and are selling their 
 product, which consists in part 
 of the following: flat and round 
 paints, flat and oval varnish, 
 whitewash, sweeping and dust- 
 ing brushes, and a full line of 
 artist goods, in all parts of the 
 country. They are also ex- 
 porters. 
 
 The above company has a 
 large, up-to-date plant and 
 salesroom, which are well 
 adapted to its increasing busi- 
 ness. 
 
 The integrity which has char- 
 acterized the policy of this firm 
 lias won for it a high standing, 
 not only here but throughout 
 the entire country. 
 
 We are also members of the 
 ^Merchants' & Manufacturers' 
 Association. 
 
 Our business began in the 
 building to the extreme left, as 
 shown in cut, but owing to in- 
 cieasing needs we have taken in 
 the two adjoining warehouses. 
 
Established Thirty-five Years 
 
 J. J. HAINES & CO. 
 
 Wholesale 
 
 Wooden and Willow 
 
 Warehouse 
 
 NUMBER 31 HOPKINS PLACE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This tirm is one of the largest of its kind 
 ill the East, ocenpying a structure which ex- 
 tends two hundred and forty-one feet from 
 Hopkins Phiee to Sutton •Street, and lias a 
 lioor space of not I'esi? than forty thousand 
 feet. J. J. Haines & Company are direct im- 
 porters of china. Japan matting, manufac- 
 turers and wholesale dealers in cedar ware, 
 cordage, brushes, brooms, mats, baskets, 
 paper, sieves, twines, flasks, carpets, floor 
 oilcloths, linoleums, etc. 
 
 Tliis business was established in 1874 by 
 ]\lr. J. J. Haines, who came here from Upper- 
 ville, Fauier County, Va., where he had kept 
 a general store, and founded the firm of 
 Haines & Small. Operations were commenced 
 at 2-1 South Howard Street, and from the be- 
 ginning tlie enterprise prospered. In 1878 
 ^Ir. E. D. Robinson was admitted as a part- 
 ner, the firm being changed to Haines, Small 
 & Robinson. Four years later the other two 
 jiartners bought out Mr. Small and the firm 
 became Haines & Robinson. After anotlier 
 four years, in 1886, Mr, Robinson retired and 
 a further alteration of the name took place, 
 the device being J. J. Haines & Co. In 1891 
 Mr. H. L, Haines, a son of the founder, was 
 admitted as a ]iartner. and in 1900 Mr, J, J. 
 Haines retired, turning the Imsiness over to 
 the son and Messrs. C. T. INIarston. The old 
 name was retained, and the house is still 
 known as J. J. Haines & Company. 
 
 Tile goods of the firm have a fine reputa- 
 tion for reliability and its renown has been 
 built 11]) by rigid integrity and fair dealing. 
 Its trade extends from Pennsylvania to Texas. 
 
 Mr. II. L. Haines is the buyer of the gen- 
 era] woodenware, giving every detail of tliis 
 woik his close, ])ersona] attention and kee])- 
 ing closely in touch with the trend of the 
 trade. ]\Tr. INIarston buys all the fioor cover- 
 Jill's carried. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Index to Representations XI 
 
 Index to Biographies xxv 
 
 Index to Illustrations xxvii-xxix 
 
 Publisher's Note XLix 
 
 Mayor Mahool's Letter li 
 
 Title Page 1 
 
 The Jews of Baltimore, a Historical Sketch, by Isidor Blum 3 
 
 Eeligious Life of Baltimore Jews, by Rev. Dr. Charles A. Rubenstein 33 
 
 Zionism, by Rev. Dr. S. Sehaffer 39 
 
 Charities of Baltimore Jews, by Rev. Dr. Adolf Guttmacher 48 
 
 The Jews in Baltimore Education, liy Wcv. Dr. ^^"i]liam Rosenau 54 
 
 The Jew in Political Life, by Hon. Lewis Putzel 57 
 
 Autobiography of Rev. Dr. S. Scliafi'er 59 
 
 Sketch of Shearith Israel Congregation, by Rev, Dr. S. Scliafi'er 62 
 
 Sketch of Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, by Rev. Dr. Adolf. Guttmacher 03 
 
 Sketch of Oheb Shalom Congregation, by Rev. Dr. William Rosenau- 65 
 
 Sketch of Chizzuk Amoonah Congregation, by Rev. Dr. Henry W. Schneeberger 67 
 
 Sketch of Rev. Dr. Henry W. Schneeberger :■ 68 
 
 Sketch of Rev. Dr. William Rosenau 69 
 
 Sketch of Rev. Dr. Adolf Guttmacher 70 
 
 Sketch of Rev. Dr. Charles A. Rubenstein 70 
 
 Sketch of Phoenix Club 77 
 
 Sketch of Suburban Club 87 
 
 Sketch of Clover Club : 95 
 
 Sketch of Hebrew Orphan Asylum 99 
 
 Sketch of Jewish Home for Consumptives 103 
 
 Sketch of Council of Jewish Women Ill 
 
 Sketch of Hebrew Education Society 117 
 
 Sketch of Council Milk and Ice Fund 117 
 
 Sketch of Baltimore Branch of the Alliance Israelite Universelle 119 
 
 Sketch of The Purim Association 121 
 
 Sketch of Hebrew Hospital 125 
 
 Sketch of Hebrew Free Burial Society 129 
 
 An Account of Mrs. Betsv \Viesenfeld and Her Father, Jonas Friedenwald 133 
 
DR. SALZMAN 
 
 D. D. S., Inc. 
 
 Painless Dentist 
 
 327 WEST LEXINGTON STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Dr. Salzman has had 12 years of the most exacting experience in dentistry and in all 
 its branches, and gives his personal supervision to the establishment over which he 
 presides. The offices of Dr. Salzman, D. D. S., Inc., are located at 327 West Lexing- 
 ton Street, where absolutely painless work and honest treatment are conferred upon all. 
 Prices are arranged to suit. 
 
INDEX TO REPRESENTATIONS 
 
 BEING A LIST OF BALTIMORE'S MORE REPRESENTATIVE COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL 
 
 AND MANUFACTURAL INTERESTS, WHOSE CO-OPERATION WITH THE 
 
 HISTORY OF THE JEWS OF BALTIMORE HAS MADE 
 
 THE WORK A PRACTICAL SUCCESS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Adams, Henry 344 
 
 Ades Bros 360 
 
 Adt, John B 198 
 
 Aetna Life Ins. Co 338 
 
 Aflfelder, M., & Son 388 
 
 Alpha Dairy 400 
 
 Alpha Photo Engraving Co 448 
 
 American Street Lighting Co 154 
 
 American Bonding Co 204 
 
 American Mirror Works 214 
 
 American Funeral Benefit Association 262 
 
 American Coat Pad Co 440 
 
 Arnold, W. E., & Co 230 
 
 Arnreich, F. M 242 
 
 Asset-Audit & Adjustment Co 466 
 
 Atlantic Coppersmith and Plumbing Works 420 
 
 Basshor, Thomas C. Co 386 
 
 Baker-Whiteley Coal Co 390 
 
 Bartlett Hayward Co 152 
 
 Baltimore & Philadelphia Steamboat Co 304 
 
 Baltimore, Chesapeake & Atlantic Ry 318 
 
 Baltimore Shoe House 372 
 
 Baltimore & Washington Concrete Co 376 
 
 Baltimore Audit Co 394 
 
 Baltimore Trust Co 194 
 
 Baltimore Trust & Guarantee Co 202 
 
 Baltimore Equitable Society 204 
 
 Baltimore Steam Packet Co 238 
 
 Baltimore County Water & Electric Co 274 
 
 Baltimore Ferro-Conerete Co 282 
 
 Baltimore Bridge Co 284 
 
 Baltimore Towel Supply Co 278 
 
 Baltimore Lumber Co 454 
 
 Baltimore Roller Co 457 
 
 Barnstein, R - xii 
 
 Bagby Furniture Co 206 
 
 Baum, Fritz W 460 
 
 Bennett, Edwin, Pottery Co 82 
 
 Berger, George 106 
 
 Bevans, Samuel 0., & Nikol Co 410 
 
 Bennett, B. F., Building Co 461 
 
 Big Vein Pocohontas Coal Co 114 
 
 Bissing, H. W 459 
 
 Black & Hunter 392 
 
 Blumenthal & Langfeld 136 
 
 Bohne, Henry W 106 
 
 Boettigheimer, Reier & Co 400 
 
 Brown, H. C, & Co 238 
 
 Broadway Central Hotel 462-470 
 
R. BARNSTEIN 
 
 Ladies^ Tailor 
 
 505 NORTH GILMOR STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. R. I'.iirnstein estal)lislie{l this business August 1.1, 1007, at 503 North Gilmor 
 Street, and later lie moxcd to .lOS Nortli (iilmor 8trcc1. where lie is at present located. 
 Mr. Barnstein is a ladies' tailor, and lias earned a ])osition of high standing by the 
 superior excellence and the artistic llidioughness of his productions. 
 
 ]\Ir. Barnstein maintains a perfectly ('(piipped establishment, where is employed a 
 large and elhcient corps of nnikers, mochdeis and iinisiiers of robe.s, gowns and costumes 
 from ])is own designs and jiat terns. 
 
R EPRESENT ATIO NS— Co7) i i n nod 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Burnliam. Walter E 368 
 
 Eurt Machine Co lOS 
 
 Buffington, John J., & Co 176 
 
 Carter, Webster & Co ; 118 
 
 Calvert Bank 306 
 
 Calvert Stove & Heatinp- Co 416 
 
 Carr, Owens & Co 326 
 
 Canton Box Co 448 
 
 Carbondale Machine Co 412 
 
 Carter, J. S., & Co 436 
 
 Castelberg National Jewelry Co 442 
 
 Central Sash, Door & Blind ^Manufactory 358 
 
 Central Savings Bank 192 
 
 Chamberlin Metal Weather Strip Co 71 
 
 Chloride of Silver Dry Cell Battery Co ; 124 
 
 Chipman, George, & Son 218 
 
 Chesapeake Steamship Co 238 
 
 Chatard, Wm. M 412 
 
 Christhilf . Joseph C v 
 
 Club Hand Laundry 469 
 
 Cohen & Hughes 314 
 
 Commercial & Farmers' National Bank XLiv 
 
 Consolidated Cotton Duck Co 316 
 
 Consolidation Amusement Co 234 
 
 Consolidation Coal Co 110 
 
 Continental Trust Co 234 
 
 Cohn, Wolf 236 
 
 Cowan, John 461 
 
 Cronhardt, Dnmler & Co 254 
 
 Crowley & Skip])er 450 
 
 Cumberland Coal Co • 338 
 
 Ciishen, P. J 416 
 
 Cunningham, Chas. L., & Co 459 
 
 Davis, Milton C 124 
 
 De Long & Co 274 
 
 Diggs-Vanneman Mfg. Co 370-371 
 
 Dorsey, J. W 464 
 
 Dobson, John & James xxvi 
 
 Drovers' & Mechanics' National Bank 338 
 
 Duer, John & Sons 224 
 
 Du Brau, Otto M 436 
 
 Duker, J. H., Box Co 272 
 
 I'.'aton & Burnett Business College 138 
 
 Eagle White Lead Co 444 
 
 Eclipse Manufacturing Co 140 
 
 Eichengreen & Co 116 
 
 Elliott, Chas., & Co 71 
 
 Elite Dyeing & Cleaning Co 122 
 
 Emerson Drug Co xlvi 
 
 Enterprise Steam & Hot Water Heating Co 96 
 
 Engineering & Contracting Co 280 
 
 Esselmann, George Co 280 
 
 Euker, Chas. A., & Co 320 
 
 Evans, David E., & Co 156 
 
 xiii 
 
"the house of little prices and big values" 
 
 spot-cash house, and while its mission is to perform a 
 will not begin its career without the kindest of 
 feelings and respect to all men either in the com- 
 mercial or professional world. 
 
 The promoter of this proposition, Mr. Peter J. 
 Scully, really desires to use this opportunity to 
 pay a personal tribute to a people to whom this 
 book is dedicated rather than to advertise; his 
 associations with the Hebrews of this community 
 have been extensive both in a commercial and 
 social way, and he desires to pay an humble 
 tribute to them for the great part they have 
 played in the different walks of life in the world 
 generally. 
 
 SCULLY'S 
 
 50 Stores in 
 One Company 
 
 BROADWAY 
 
 AND EASTERN AVENUE 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 " The House 
 
 of Little Prices and Big 
 
 Values " 
 
 The idea of this store is to 
 build up the trade of this the 
 great eastern section of this 
 the great metropohs of the 
 south. The policy of this 
 store will be equal to any 
 store in Baltimore, and also 
 to serve a great, deserving and 
 thrifty public. It will be a 
 service to the eastern locality, it 
 
 peter J. SCULLY 
 
REPRESENTATIONS— Con^mwecZ 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Falconer Co ^^^^ 
 
 Farley, James F xviil 
 
 Fishpaw, Eli L. M 1'^^ 
 
 Fidelity & Deposit Co 196 
 
 Fidelity Trust Co « 196 
 
 Fickert, Charles 460 
 
 Fleischer, E., & Son 116 
 
 Fleckenstein & Co 400 
 
 Flannery-Griffiths Co 450 
 
 Foster Bros. Mfg. Co 184 
 
 Frey, George E 1^4 
 
 Friedman, L 1'" 
 
 Friedman, H , ^^^ 
 
 Francis Co ^^^ 
 
 Frederick, Wm. C -, 426-427 
 
 Furst Bros. & Co 92 
 
 Fuchshoehle, The 462 
 
 Gardiner Dairy ^28 
 
 Garthe, Wm., Co • 246 
 
 Gans Bros 406 
 
 Ganter, F. X., Co 416 
 
 Gaither's City & Suburban Express Co 458 
 
 Gernand, Edward L 86 
 
 Gehrmann, Ph. F. Co 142 
 
 German-American Bank 468 
 
 George, H. Barry ^^ 
 
 Gilpin, Langdon & Co 324 
 
 Gillet, Martin & Co 158 
 
 Ginsberg, S xxii 
 
 Ginsberg, S., & Co '. 428 
 
 Gibson & Young 410 
 
 Goldman, Ralph 300 
 
 Golden Trading Stamp Co 396-397 
 
 Goodman, Wallach & Helber ■ 256 
 
 Goldstrom Bros ■ 404 
 
 Gomprecht & Benesch 428 
 
 Gottlieb-Bauernschmidt-Straus Brewing Co XLViii 
 
 Graham's Storage Warehouse 352 
 
 Griffith, John A., & Co 452 
 
 Guth Roman Cafe 264 
 
 Gutman, Joel, & Co 270 
 
 Haines, J. J., & Co viii 
 
 Hanline Bros 126 
 
 Halle, S., Sons 126 
 
 Hartwig & Kemper 404 
 
 Hawley Down-Draft Furnace Co 432 
 
 Harrigan, Mark D 457 
 
 llecht, Brittingham Co 398 
 
 Henry & Stromenger 136 
 
 Held, Mrs. Charles 402 
 
 Herstein, L. A., & Ck) 292 
 
 Henkel, W. G 466 
 
 Hilgartner Marble Co 342 
 
 Hicks, Chas. A. Co 410 
 
H. FRIEDMAN 
 
 232 AND 234 NORTH GILMOR STREET 
 
 Mr. Fricdiiian began busint'ss on his own account at 504 Smallwood Street. His 
 growth was very rapid, and he now occupies tlie double liouses known as 232 and 234 
 North Gilmor Street. Mr. Friedman's reputation as a Ladies' Taihir of high order needs 
 no higher testimony than the statement that he turns out seventy-live suits and upwards 
 per week. 
 
 Mr. FriiMlnian was Unn in (ialicia, Austria. July, ISTll. and came to tliis country 
 in IS'.l."). wlicrc lie received liis education. In ISHd lie began business on liis own account 
 in a small way on Smallwood Street and now ranks as one of the Leading Ladies" 
 Tailors in Baltimore City, having in his employ forty people. 
 
REPRESENTATIONS— Conrtwi/ec? 
 
 PAGE 
 
 How, John K., & Co 122 
 
 Holme & Waddington 330 
 
 Hopkins-Mansfeld, J. Setli, Co 380 
 
 Howser, G. S., & Co ■ 136 
 
 Hopkins Place Savings Bank 182 
 
 Howard Furniture Co > 200 
 
 Hubbs & Corning 398 
 
 Hughes Furniture !Mfg. Co 208 
 
 Hutzler Bros 268 
 
 Hurst, John E., & Co 469 
 
 Hurlbutt & Hurlbutt 272 
 
 Hughes & Woodall 276 
 
 Huyler's 468 
 
 Hygeia Dairy 334 
 
 Isaacs, 1 73 
 
 International Bedding Co 184 
 
 Independent Coal Co . . Back Inside Cover 
 
 Jackson, H. W., Co 442 
 
 Dr. Jarvis Bilious and Bowel Bullets 468 
 
 Jenkins & Jenkins XX 
 
 Jones, A. E 124 
 
 Johancen, S., & Co 392 
 
 Johnson, Boyd & Co 136 
 
 Jones, W. E., Fine Art Rooms 278 
 
 Kahl-Holt Co 122 
 
 Kaiser, The 308 
 
 Kaufman Fireproof Storage Warehouse 354 
 
 Kaufman Beef Co 418 
 
 Keeley Institute 348 
 
 Kemp, C. M., Mfg. Co 294 
 
 Keller, Dr. Frank M xxiv 
 
 Kirkpatrick, Dr. A. M 108 
 
 Kipp, George, & Son 188 
 
 Knowles, Frank A.. & Co 248 
 
 Kohlerman, Mnie. Pauline 112 
 
 Kries, M. A 410 
 
 Kruse's Hotel 418 
 
 Kramer, N 464 
 
 Lamdin, Thompson & Co 104 
 
 Lapsley & Brother Co 226 
 
 Lauer & Harper Co 286 
 
 Lang, L. M ' 466 
 
 Lexington Moving Picture Parlor 84 
 
 Levenstein & Lubin 372 
 
 Levin. Julius, & Sons 380 
 
 Ledvinka, Charles S 400 
 
 Leatherbury, Webster & Co 186 
 
 Levenson & Zenitz 222 
 
 Levi, M. & A 454 
 
 Leydecker, Chas. W 302 
 
 Library Bureau 374 
 
 Livezey, John R 430 
 
 Lobe, isT. B., & Co 336 
 
 wii 
 
JAMES F. FARLEY 
 
 Contractor and 
 Builder 
 
 43 FRANKLIN BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 SNOW, MCCASLIN & CO. 
 BXJILDING 
 
 James F. Farley 
 
 Contractor 
 
 Mr. Farley entered into the General Contracting and Build- 
 ing Business August 20, 1904, and is prepared to build any 
 kind of a structure from foundation to roof — no contract being 
 too large for his facilities and no contract being too small 
 to not receive his best attention. Among the many contracts 
 fulfilled by Mr. Farley may be notably mentioned the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
 Engine House No. 13, 
 Engine House No. 34, 
 Engine House No. 1, 
 Truck House No. 8, 
 Truck House No. 14, 
 Truck House No. 1, 
 Truck House No. 4, 
 
 Factory Building for Messrs. Hamburger Bros. & Co., 
 Store Building for Mr. Samuel Jacoby, 
 Store Building for Mrs. B. Altman, 
 Store Building for Mr. Benjamin Schleisner, 
 Bank Building for The Bernstein-Cohen Co., 
 Warehouse for The Colonial Trust Co., 
 Warehouse for the Misses Bogue, 
 Warehouse for The Ciotti-Vinventi Co., 
 Warehouse for George Gunther, 
 Warehouse for Cronin & McDonald, 
 Warehouse for M. D. Martin, 
 Residence for Dr. Charles O'Donovan, 
 Residence for Mr. Clifford Dietrich, 
 Residence for Mrs. George Harrison, 
 St. Mary's Home, 
 
 The Snow-McCaslin Building, and numerous other build- 
 ings in all parts of the city. 
 
! REPRESENTATIONS— Confinwed 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Louis, Henry D 356 
 
 Lurssen, C. C, Son Co 394 
 
 Lucas, Chas. H 450 
 
 Lyon, Conklin & Co 410 
 
 Masson, Paul 306 
 
 Markoe, Frank 132 
 
 Maryland Trust Co y , ., 78 
 
 Maryland Rubber Co 120 
 
 Maryland & Pennsylvania R. R 144 
 
 Maryland Steel Co 145 
 
 MacCarthy, Florence VV. Co 174 
 
 Macht, Ephraim 178 
 
 Mallory Machinery Co 420 
 
 Matthews, Thomas, & Son 422 
 
 Mann Piano Co xxxvi 
 
 McGinnis Distillery 78 
 
 Mclntyre & Henderson 420 
 
 Merchants' & Miners' Transportation Co 304 
 
 Meigs & Heisse 338 
 
 Meiser, H., & Son 342 
 
 Meislahn, C. F., & Co 342 
 
 Mercantile Trust & Deposit Co 202 
 
 Mengers, Charles F 240 
 
 Miller, N 82 
 
 Millar, W. J. S 420 
 
 Miller, L. H., Safe & Iron Works Inside Front Cover 
 
 Miller, Daniel Co LH 
 
 Miles, John ii 
 
 Morris, Dr. John A •. 108 
 
 Monogram Lunch & Dining-Room 310 
 
 Mottu, Theodore, & Co 188 
 
 Monumental Custom Tailoring Co 250 
 
 Morgan Co 422 
 
 Monarch Laundry 444 
 
 Monarch Metal Weather Strip Co 459 
 
 Monitor Steam Generator Co 232 
 
 Morrow Bros 362 
 
 Myer, Dr. Bernhard 336 
 
 National Exchange Bank 80 
 
 National Window & Office Cleaning Co 364 
 
 National Mechanics Bank 382 
 
 National Marine Bank 382 
 
 National Howard Bank 444 
 
 National Enameling & Stamping Co 296 
 
 National Heating Co 458 
 
 National Bank of Commerce 464 
 
 Nelson Refrigerator Co 76 
 
 Newton & Painter 422 
 
 Niederhoefer's Restaurant 460 
 
 Norris, R. Milton 102 
 
 Novelty Steam Boiler Works 386 
 
 North Bros. & Strauss 418 
 
 Obrecht, Charles F 336 
 
 Oriental Rug Co 232 
 
JENKINS & JENKINS, Inc. 
 
 Manufacturing and Retail 
 
 Silversmiths 
 
 216 NORTH CHARLES ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm needs no introduction to Baltimoreans. Located at 216 Nortli Charles 
 Street, their establishment is a Mecca for Fastidious Buyers of Silverware — the kind 
 that has all the substantial character of the ware our j^randparents loved ; besides 
 possessing a charm of design and excellence of finish all its own. Jenkins & Jenkins 
 are "makers and retailers" of silverware that fulfils every essential requirement. 
 
 H. BARRY GEORGE 
 
 MOTOR REPAIRING AND ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR 
 
 223 N. CALVERT STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. George established this business in 1908, at 1204 Greenmount Avenue. The 
 business was later moved to its present quarters at 223 N. Calvert Street, where is 
 maintained every facility and equipment to make high-grade repairs for motors, fans 
 and electrical apparatus of all descriptions. Mr. George is also an electrical con- 
 tractor in all branches, his policy being to extend the highest efficiency into every 
 department of his work at satisfactory prices. 
 
 LOOK FOR THE ELECTRIC SIGN 
 
REPRESENTATIONS— Con^mi^erf 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Orr, Eppley & Co 288 
 
 Ottenheimer Bros 418 
 
 Old Town National Bank 460 
 
 Patiixent Lumber Co 434 
 
 Penn Mutual Life Ins. Co 132 
 
 Peabody Piano Co 442 
 
 Penniman & Fairley 298 
 
 Photo-Chrome Engraving Co 457 
 
 Pikesville Dairy Co 74 
 
 Piet-Robertson-Rainey Co 102 
 
 Pimes, M., & Co 216 
 
 Pollack's 220 
 
 Price Co 86 
 
 Pnulen. C. D., Co 300-301 
 
 Purity Creamery Co ♦. 458 
 
 Radecke, H. F., & Sons '. 162 
 
 Rasch & Gainor 228 
 
 Ramsey, James W.. Co 408 
 
 Rettberg, Louis .H 312 
 
 Reeder, Charles L 346 
 
 Reinhard, Meyer & Co 380 
 
 Read, William A., & Co 382 
 
 Reliable Furniture Mfg. Co 212 
 
 Rennous, Kleinle & Co vi 
 
 Rieger, Henry P 384 
 
 Rice Bros. Vienna Bakery 290 
 
 Ripple, S. A., & Bro : 456 
 
 Roesser, Henry, & Son 408 
 
 Rock Island Sash & Door Works xxxv 
 
 Ruhe, Wm. L., Co 408 
 
 Rubenstein, L xxviil 
 
 Sanders & George 388 
 
 Sadler's Bryant & Stratton College 150 
 
 Safe Deposit & Trust Co 193 
 
 Salzman, Dr x 
 
 Schanze's Modern Drug Store 82 
 
 Schmidt, Peter, Vienna Bakery 82 
 
 Schafl'er, D. S .* 124 
 
 Sehwind Quarry Co 342 
 
 Schoppert & Spates 358 
 
 Schindler & Schindler 366 
 
 Schoen & Co 160 
 
 Scherer, John C, Jr., & Co 170 
 
 Schloss Brothers .& Co 190 
 
 Scherer, William C, & Co 414 
 
 Schneider, F. E., Paving Co 456 
 
 Schwarz, Henry 466 
 
 Schwarz, William, & Sons 366 
 
 Scully's 50 Stores in One xiv 
 
 Scriven, J. A., Co m 
 
 Security Storage & Trust Co 350 
 
 Security Heating Co 452 
 
 Second National Bank 366 
 
 xxi 
 
S. GINSBERG 
 
 LADIES' TAILOR AND IMPORTER 
 419 NOBTH CHARLES STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Te'.cphoiie Communication, Mt. Vernon, 3827 Y 
 
 Mr. Ginsberg established at the above address in 1910, 
 backed by an experience in the ladies' tailoring field of 
 fifteen years, during which time engaged high-class 
 patronage for nine years with Mme. Glyder, and also 
 with the well-known house of Isaac Hamburger & 
 Sons — with the latter house he was fitter in the ladies' 
 tailoring department. 
 
 Mr. Ginsberg was born in Riga, Russia, thirty-two 
 years ago and came to Baltimore twenty-two years ago, 
 and to-day enjoys a large clientele of Baltimore's best 
 people. 
 
 This establishment is complete in every detail and 
 the most exclusive European models and fabrics are on 
 display. 
 
 WASHINGTON SANITARIUM 
 
 SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST 
 TAKOMA PARK, D. C. 
 
 The Location — Beautifully situated in Takoma Park, one of Washington's most 
 attractive suburbs, amid thickly wooded surroundings and attractive walks, on a bluff' 
 overlooking the Sligo, a famous, rippling stream. 
 
 The Building — Imposing in appeararwe, and of modern fireproof and sanitary 
 construction throughout. 
 
 Facilities — Treatment rooms are thoroughly equipped with modern appliances, 
 and all physiological healing agencies of recognized value are used, including the 
 various applications of hydrotherapy, phototherapy, massage, electricity, etc. 
 
 The Diet — Each patient is earefully advised by a physician as to the choice and 
 combination of foods. More healthful substitutes replace tea, coffee and flesh meats. 
 Reforms in eating are made so pleasantly tiiat the patient soon loses the desire for 
 harmful foods. 
 
 Education — Instructive and interesting health lectures are given by the physicians; 
 also instruction in scientific cookery, physical culture exercises and drills. The aim is 
 to teach patients how to keep well after they return home. 
 
 The Life — The Sanitarium lias a corps of Christian nurses and attendants who 
 render cheerful service to patients. The atmosphere of harmony, "good will" and home 
 comfort that prevails causes patients soon to forget their illness as they find themselves 
 members of a happy family. 
 
 Correspondence is Invited. 
 
REPRESENTATIONS— Conimwed 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Severn Eealty Co 378 
 
 Sharp & Dohme 322 
 
 Sherwood Distilling Co 412 
 
 Shriver, Bartlett & Co 160 
 
 Shulman, N iv 
 
 Sigel, Rothschild & Co 172 
 
 Siehler, J 406 
 
 Simmons Mfg. Co 412 
 
 Smith, Layton Fontaine 148 
 
 Southern Bedding Co 74 
 
 Southern Investment & Security Co 366 
 
 Solmson, M., Fly Screen Co 406 
 
 Spranklin, Dr. Thos. Wm 166 
 
 Spindler, George 408 
 
 Springer, Eugene D 414 
 
 State ]\Iutual Life Assurance Co 86 
 
 Standard Accident Insurance Co 88 
 
 Standard Cap Co 414 
 
 Standard Salt Co 360 
 
 Stanfield, Thos. B., & Co 368 
 
 Stanfield-Bevan Construction Co 464 
 
 Stewart & Co 266 
 
 Steil. Frank, Brewing Co 412 
 
 Stebbins. Wallace, & Sons 414 
 
 Stone, Dorsey & Preston 438 
 
 Strauss Bros 244 
 
 Stockham, Grant & Co 456 
 
 Sutton. R. M., Co L 
 
 Swindell Bros 326 
 
 Swartz, Manno 466 
 
 Taylor, Howard R., & Co 382 
 
 Tall Bros 186 
 
 Teichmann, Max, & Co 390 
 
 Thanhouser & Wciller 362 
 
 Tliienieyer, J. H., Co 446 
 
 Tongue, X. T 88 
 
 Tottle, Wm. A., & Co vii 
 
 Treide & Sons ' 134 
 
 United Shirt & Collar Co 180 
 
 United Craftsmen ■ 452 
 
 Walnut Grove Dairy 332 
 
 Walpert. Fred., & Co 146 
 
 Wallerstein, David S 252 
 
 Warsaw Elevator Co 132 
 
 Warren, Ehret Co 461 
 
 Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis Electric Railway 318 
 
 Washington-Sunset Route xxxrv 
 
 Washington Sanitarium xxii 
 
 Weiskittel, A., & Sons Co 90 
 
 Wernig, Joseph S 100 
 
 Western National Bank 162 
 
 Western Maryland Railway xxxii 
 
 Westmoreland Lunch Room 362 
 
 Welsh, Wm. F 459 
 
 xxiii 
 
DR. FRANK M. KELLER 
 
 Graduate of the University of Pennsylvania 
 
 Veterinarian 
 
 HOSPITAL AND OFFICE 
 
 NUMBERS 404-6-8 NORTH CASTLE STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 FRANK M KELLER 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 E.NTKA.Nt'K TO 1 lib: HOSIMTAI. OX CASTLK STREKT 
 
 This husiness was established by Dr. Keller in 1900, and the Keller Veterinary 
 Hospital is an "L"-shaped structure — two-story brick, 40x50x74 feet — fully equipped 
 with all the latest appliances for the scientific treatment of animals. The hospital 
 is sanitary throughout, and the seventeen stalls are very seldom unoccupied. A special 
 feature of Dr. Keller's practice is the care of dogs and cats, wliicli are boarded by day, 
 week or month and every care given them. 
 
 The local 'phone number is C. & P. Wolfe 1087, and calls are promptly responded 
 to during all hours of the day or night. 
 
 Dr. Keller is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and is ranked among 
 the expert veterinarians of the East, as attested by the large patronage he enjoys. 
 
REPRESENTATIONS— Con^nwec/ 
 
 PAGE 
 
 VVhelan, Duer & Lanahan 340 
 
 Willms, Charles, Surgical Instrument Co 320 
 
 Wilson, J. S., Jr., & Co 146 
 
 Winchester, V. W 210 
 
 Wiessner, John F., & Sons Brewing Co xxx 
 
 Wood, William E., Co 98 
 
 Wolf, M., & Son 130 
 
 Wolf, Marcus W., & Co 182 
 
 Woodward, Baldwin & Co 134 
 
 Young & Seldon Co 260 
 
 Young, John R 456 
 
 York Safe & Lock Co i 
 
 Zeller, Wm. F., & Co 302 
 
 Zies, Charles, & Sons 424 
 
 INDEX TO BIOGRAPHIES 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Ades, Harry 269 
 
 Ades, Simon 269 
 
 Adler, Dr. Harry 203 
 
 Adler, Sigmund M 199 
 
 Ambach, INIichael 255 
 
 Amberg, Dr. Samuel 255 
 
 Baehrach, David 199 
 
 Bendann, Daniel 101 
 
 Binswanger, A. C 215 
 
 Block, Myer J 173 
 
 Blum, Dr. Joseph 239 
 
 Blumenbei'g, Leopold 169 
 
 Burgunder, Henry 161 
 
 Castelberg, Joseph 225 
 
 Cohen, Mendes '. 149 
 
 Cohen, Abraham 149 
 
 Cohen, Dr. Lee 215 
 
 Cohen, I., Son 225 
 
 Cone, Dr. Sydney M 211 
 
 Davidson, Isaac 253 
 
 Drey, Elkan 249 
 
 Eichengreen, Irvin 273 
 
 Epstein, Jacob 181 
 
 Fleischer, Silas M 243 
 
 Frank, Eli 157 
 
 Frank, A. L 189 
 
 Frank, Moses 207 
 
 Franklin, Fabian 149 
 
 Frank, Moses N 243 
 
 Friedenwald, Dr. Harry 153 
 
 Friedenwald, Dr. Julius 157 
 
 Friedenwald, Joseph 161 
 
 Friedenwald, B. B 277 
 
 Friedmann, Benjamin 207 
 
 Gichner, Dr. Joseph E 253 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Ginsberg, Solomon 211 
 
 Glass, Rev. Herman 229 
 
 Goldman, Ralph 225 
 
 Goldsmith, Meyer B 211 
 
 Goldsmith, Jacob S 239 
 
 Goldstrom, Lewis A 229 
 
 Goldstrom, Herman 173 
 
 Goodman, Leon 253 
 
 Gottlieb, Fred. H 207 
 
 Greenbaum, Dr. H. S 277 
 
 Gutman, Louis K 249 
 
 Halle, Meyer S 273 
 
 Hamburger, Isaac 273 
 
 Hanline, Simon M 173 
 
 Hanline, Alex M 277 
 
 Hartogensis, B. H 203 
 
 Hartogensis, Henry S 281 
 
 Heeht, Emanuel 173 
 
 Herzberg, Philip 195 
 
 Hirsliberg, Moses H 243 
 
 Hochheimer, Lewis 253 
 
 Hoohheimer, Rev. Henry 177 
 
 Hochschild, Max 207 
 
 Hutzler, Abram G 229 
 
 Joffe, Max 199 
 
 Keyser, Ephraim 157 
 
 Lauchheimer, Sylvan H 261 
 
 Lehmayer, Martin 255 
 
 Levinstein, Israel 273 
 
 Levi, Louis 235 
 
 Levj', Michael S 153 
 
 Likes, Sylvan H 269 
 
 Lobe, Napoleon B 235 
 
 Macht, Ephraim 229 
 
 Mandelbaum, Seymour 239 
 
JOHN & JAMES DOBSON 
 
 The Pioneer 
 
 Manufacturers of Pile Fabrics 
 
 in America 
 
 MILLS 
 
 FALLS OF SCHUYLKILL, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 NEW YORK SALESROOMS 
 
 134-136 SPRING ST., NEW YORK CITY 
 
 ( LOUIS C. GANZEL 
 Under Management - 
 
 ( HENRY J. GABEL 
 
BIOGRAPHIES 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Meyer, Maurice J 269 
 
 Meyer, Moses Maurice 269 
 
 Moses, Jacob M 173 
 
 Nusbaum, Max 239 
 
 Putzel, Lewis 249 
 
 Rab, Jacob 161 
 
 Rabinowitz, Ellas N 177 
 
 Rayner, William Solomon xL 
 
 Rayner, Isidor 153 
 
 Reinliard, Samuel E 255 
 
 Rosenfekl, Mrs. Rosie Wiesenfeld 177 
 
 Rosenfeld, Col. Israel 225 
 
 Rosenfeld, Michael 277 
 
 RoWisehild. Benjamin 261 
 
 Rosenthal, Samuel 177 
 
 Rosenberg, Simon 195 
 
 Samuels, Dr. Abraham 195 
 
 Schuman, Rev. Jacob 169 
 
 Schvanenfeld, Rev. Jacob 207 
 
 Schloss, Nathan. 187 
 
 Schloss, William 187 
 
 Contiyiued 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Schloss, Michael 187 
 
 Schloss, Jonas 189 
 
 Schloss, Julius 189 
 
 Schloss, Meyer 189 
 
 Schloss, Louis J 189 
 
 Schloss, Toney 277 
 
 Siegel, David 239 
 
 Silberman, Tanchum 261 
 
 Skutch, Max 225 
 
 Sonneborn, Henry 165 
 
 Stein, Simon H 199 
 
 Steiner, Hugo 261 
 
 Strauss, Manes 255 
 
 Strauss, Henry F 273 
 
 Strouse, Isaac 169 
 
 Strouse, Mrs. Hennie (Eli) 235 
 
 Wallach, Samuel M 261 
 
 Weinberg, Daniel A 211 
 
 Wiesenfeld, David 243 
 
 Wolf, Harry M 199 
 
 Wolman, Dr. Samuel 229 
 
 Wyman, Julius H 249 
 
 INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS 
 INDIVIDUALS 
 
 Ades, Simon (deceased) 355 
 
 Ades, Harry 361 
 
 Adler, Dr. Harry 325 
 
 Adler, Sigmund M 411 
 
 Affelder, Max ( deceased ) 388 
 
 Ambach, Michael 183 
 
 Amberg, Dr. Samuel 333 
 
 Bachrach, David 401 
 
 Bendann, Daniel 399 
 
 Benesch, Isaac (deceased) 405 
 
 Benesch, Jesse 353 
 
 Blum, Dr. Joseph 329 
 
 Burgunder, Henry (deceased) 423 
 
 Castelberg, Joseph 227 
 
 Cohen, Mendes 147 
 
 Cohen, Dr. Lee 341 
 
 Cohen, Sidney B 417 
 
 Cohen, I., Son 315 
 
 Cone, Dr. Sydney M 335 
 
 Davidson, Isaac 219 
 
 Drey, Elkan 421 
 
 Elchengreen, William (deceased) 339 
 
 Eichengreen, Irvin 409 
 
 Eisenberg, A 410 
 
 Epstein, Jacob 179 
 
 Fleisclier, E. (deceased) 339 
 
 Fleischer, Silas M 209 
 
 Frank, Eli 271 
 
 Frank, Solomon 415 
 
 Frank, Albert L 293 
 
 Frank, Moses N 463 
 
 Franklin, Fabian 175 
 
 Freudenthal, Rev. Samuel 99 
 
 Friedenwald, Dr. Julius 319 
 
 Friedenwald, Joseph 159 
 
 Friedenwald, Dr. Harry 267 
 
 Gichner, Dr. Joseph E 323 
 
 Ginsberg, Solomon 213 
 
 Goldman, Ralph 309 
 
 Goldsmith, Meyer B 251 
 
 Goldsmith, Jacob S 247 
 
 Gomprecht, Jacob 351 
 
 Goodman, Leon 257 
 
 Gottlieb, Frederick H 307 
 
 Greenbaiuu, Leon E 265 
 
 Gutman, Joel (deceased) 270 
 
 Gutman, Louis K 241 
 
 Hanline, Alexander M 259 
 
 Hartogensis, B. H 299 
 
 Hamburger, Isaac (deceased) 407 
 
 Hanline, Simon M 191 
 
 Hartogensis, H. S 359 
 
 Hochschild, Max 245 
 
 Hollander, Jacob H 317 
 
 Hutzler, Abram G 233 
 
 llntzler. David 237 
 
L. RUBENSTEIN 
 
 "The Different Ladies' Tailor" 
 
 L. RUBENSTEIN. Designer 
 
 1531 WEST LEXINGTON STREET 
 
 Two Doors from Gilmer Street 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm was founded January 1, 1910, and is owned by L. Rubenstein. !Mr. 
 Rubenstein has been identified with the manufacturing of Ladies' and Misses' Suits 
 under the firm name of Rubenstein & Brookman, at 312 West Baltimore Street. 
 
 On the interior finishing of a ladies' garment depends the permanence of the fit. 
 Mr. Rubenstein personally superintendents every minute stitch — every tailoring detail 
 in the garment being made so that the frequent loose, baggy efiect is forestalled and the 
 garment insured to retain its shape. All the latest English Imported and Domestic 
 Fabrics are .shown, and at prices astonishingly low. 
 
 C. & P. Telephone Gilmor 2210 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS— Con<tw2/ed 
 
 Keyser, Ephraim 
 
 Kohn, Benno 
 
 Kohn, Louis B 
 
 Laiichheimer, Sylvan H 
 
 Lehmayer, Martin 
 
 Levi, M 
 
 Levi, A 
 
 Levi, Louis 
 
 Levenson, Getzel 
 
 Levenson, Samuel 
 
 Levenstein, Israel 
 
 Levy, Michael S 
 
 Likes, Albert H 
 
 Likes, Dr. Sylvan H 
 
 Lobe, Napoleon B 
 
 Lubin, Joseph 
 
 Macht, Ephraim 
 
 Mandelbaum, Seymour 
 
 Meyer, Maurice J 
 
 Meyer, Moses Maurice 
 
 Moses, Jacob M 
 
 Myer, Dr. Bernhard 
 
 Nusbaum, Max 
 
 Pimes, Maurice 
 
 Pimes, Isaac 
 
 Pimes, David 
 
 Pimes, William 
 
 Putzel, Lewis 
 
 Rab, Jacob 
 
 Rabinowitz, Elias Nathan 
 
 Rayner, Hon. Isidor 
 
 Rayner, William S. (deceased) . . . , 
 
 Reinhard, Samuel E 
 
 Rosenfeld, Mrs. Rosie Wiesenfeld. 
 Rosenfeld, Col. Israel 
 
 'AGE 
 
 155 
 245 
 245 
 303 
 297 
 303 
 365 
 .377 
 223 
 223 
 373 
 171 
 367 
 331 
 321 
 375 
 178 
 197 
 383 
 379 
 391 
 337 
 357 
 217 
 217 
 217 
 217 
 389 
 387 
 231 
 151 
 
 XLI 
 
 .381 
 113 
 369 
 
 Rosenfeld, Goody 
 
 Rosenthal, Samuel . . . . 
 Rothschild, Benjamin . 
 
 Salzman, Dr. S. J 
 
 Schloss, Nathan 
 
 Schloss, William 
 
 Schloss, Michael 
 
 Schloss, Jonas (deceased).... 
 
 Schloss, Meyer 
 
 Schloss, Louis J 
 
 Scoll, Jacob 
 
 Shulman, N 
 
 Siegel, David 
 
 Silberman, Tancluim 
 
 Skutch, Max 
 
 Sonneborn, Henry 
 
 Stein, Simon H 
 
 Steiner, Hugo 
 
 Strauss, Henry F 
 
 Strauss, Louis (deceased) . . . . 
 Strauss,. Moses ( deceased ) . . . 
 Strauss, Abraham (deceased) 
 
 Strauss, Manes 
 
 Strouse, Mrs. Hennie (Eli) . . 
 Strouse, Isaac 
 
 Wallach, Samuel M 
 
 Weiller, Charles I.... 
 Weinberg-, Daniel A . . . 
 
 Wiesenfeld, David 
 
 Wolf, Moses (deceased) 
 Wolf, Hon. Harry B . . , 
 
 Wolf, Harry M 
 
 Wolman, Dr. Samuel. . 
 Zenitz, Moses N 
 
 'AGE 
 
 115 
 201 
 349 
 
 313 
 275 
 279 
 283 
 
 287 
 289 
 291 
 395 
 
 XX 
 
 347 
 305 
 205 
 1C3 
 413 
 295 
 343 
 244 
 244 
 244 
 403 
 109 
 167 
 
 257 
 303 
 345 
 263 
 130 
 385 
 311 
 327 
 223 
 
 RABBIS AND CANTORS 
 
 Glass, Rev. Herman 46 
 
 Guttmacher, Rev. Dr. Adolf 18 
 
 Kaiser, Rev. Alois (deceased) xli 
 
 Rosenau, Rev. Dr. William 14 
 
 Rubenstein, Rev. Dr. Charles A 22 
 
 Schatier, Rev. Dr. S 10 
 
 Schneeberger, Rev. Dr. Henry W 6 
 
 Schuman, Rev. Jacob 72 
 
 Schvanenfeld, Rev. Jacob 50 
 
 Szold, Rev. Dr. Benjamin (deceased) . . .xxxix 
 
 TEMPLES, CLUBS AND INSTITUTIONS 
 
 Lloyd Street Synagogue xlv 
 
 (former Home Balto. Heb. Cong.) 
 
 Lloyd Street Synagogue xxxi 
 
 (former Home Chizuk Emunah Cong.) 
 
 Madison Avenue Temple 34 
 
 Oheb Shalom Temple 30 
 
 Phoenix Club 75 
 
 Shearith Israel Temple 42 
 
 Suburban Club 85 
 
 Chizuk Emunah Temple 38 
 
 Clover Club 93 
 
 Har Sinai Temple 26 
 
 Hebrew Benevolent Society 135 
 
 Hebrew Friendly Inn 139 
 
 Hebrew Hospital and Asylum 123 
 
 Hebrew Orphan Asylum 97 
 
 Jewish Home for Consumptives : 
 
 Jacob Epstein Memorial Building 101 
 
 Solomon Kann Memorial Cottage 105 
 
 Samuel & Emma Rosenthal Cottage. . . 107 
 
 Jewish Working Girls' Home 127 
 
 Lexington Street Synagogue xlix 
 
 (former Home Har Sinai Cong.) 
 
 Levj% Betsy, Memorial 131 
 
JOHN F. WIESSNER & SONS 
 BREWING COMPANY 
 
 1700 NORTH GAY STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tliis renowned brewery was established in 18(33 by John F. Wiessner, on the same 
 spot now occupied by the magnificent structures which have grown out of the business 
 begun nearly fifty years ago. The company now trades as John F. Wiessner & Sons 
 Brewing Company, which was incorporated 1891, of which Mr. George F. Wiessner is 
 president and treasurer, and Mr. Henry F. Wiessner vice-president and secretary. The 
 
 
 OFFICE I700&I702 N GAY £T 
 
 BOTH PHONES 
 
 BOTTLING DEPARTMENT I7C4" 1710 N GAY ST 
 
 product of this l)rcwcry ranks witli that of the leading bieweries of the country. The 
 offices are at 17<)<) and 1702 N. Gay Street, and the bottling department 1702 to 1710 N. 
 Gay .Street, where the "Superlative Beers" of the Wiessner Brewery are bottled for hotel 
 and family use. That the policy inaugurated by the father has been maintained by the 
 sons is shown l)y the prt'seiit liigli staiuliug aiid the ineicasiiig ])i()sperity of this famous 
 brewerv. 
 
mmniiiji."^ 
 
 III II III 
 
 M^^^s'^&^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 OLD LLOVU STREET SYNAGOGDE, 
 (CHIZUK EMUNAH CONG.) 
 
THE WESTERN 
 
 MARYLAND RAILWAY 
 
 COMPANY 
 
 " The Road of a Thousand Beauties " 
 
 The Western Maryland Railroad was chartered in 1852, and, al- 
 though only recently freed from a receivership, into which it went in 
 March, 1908, is to-day enjoying the highest degree of jDrosperity, and 
 occupies tlie unique position of a road rebuilt, the receivership hav- 
 ing brought order out of chaos. From an humble beginning the Western 
 Maryland Railroad has developed into a great system, which ere long 
 will become a section of an important trunk line between Baltimore and 
 the Pacific Coast. The line of the road traverses three States — Mary- 
 land, Pennsylvania and West Virginia — through a section of America 
 marked by the most glorious scenery and noted for its surpassing 
 natural resources. The Blue Ridge and Alleghany are among the noblest 
 mountain ranges in the United States; in the summer ranking among the 
 country's most favored resorts by reason of the superb climatic condition 
 and vacation advantages. The region is dotted with splendid hostelries 
 and home-like cottages, which are patronized by thousands of summer resi- 
 dents seeking sure relief, which is to be found among these enjoyable 
 hills, from the heat and oppression of crowded cities. Pen Mar and Gettys- 
 burg, both on the line of this road, offer opportunities for excursional 
 recreation full of historical interest to thousands of visitors during the 
 summer and fall. The ever-growing appreciations by the public of the 
 advantages to be found in the territory covered by this road is shown by 
 the enormous increase in traffic. Pen Mar is an ideal summer resort situ- 
 ated on the crest of the Blue Ridge Range, where every amusement and 
 diversion is provided; while Gettysburg is too well and favorably known, 
 as the scene of one of the world's greatest battles, to need further comment 
 here. The equipment of the Western Maryland Railway is of the latest 
 and most approved type, maintaining the most powerful mountain-climbing 
 engines and running handsome vestibule coaches, with observation, parlor 
 and buffet cars connected with each train. It is the scenic road of America 
 with a thousand beauties to fascinate the picturesque eye. 
 
 i. 
 
REV. VR. BENJAMIN SZOLD 
 
 Born November 13, 1829 
 Died July 31, 1902 
 
WASHINGTON-SUNSET ROUTE 
 
 TO CALIFORNIA 
 
 SANTA BARBARA MISSION 
 
 The Washington-Smisot Route began to be 
 aggressively exploited as a tourist route to and 
 from the Pacific Coast in September, 1895. 
 From that time on every measure has been 
 adopted to attract and satisfy the traveling 
 l)ublic from a point of service and equipment. 
 
 Starting from Boston, nineteen States and 
 Territories are traversed before Los Angeles or 
 San Francisco is reached — a rich opportunity, 
 indeed, to study, from actual observation, the dis- 
 tinctive features of commerce, agriculture, manu- 
 facture, flora, climate, topography and all man- 
 ner of places and peoples, in the States of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, 
 New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, 
 South Carolina Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Old 
 Mexico, Arizona and California. There are stop-over privileges permitted en route, 
 which make these opportunities especially enticing. 
 
 Standard sleeping cars are operated from New York to New Orleans and from 
 New Orleans to San Francisco; and tourist sleeping cars are operated from Wash- 
 ington to San Francisco without change, constituting the longest run in the world 
 for any cars in regular service ; and a particularly pleasing feature of this tourist 
 sleeping car service is that the same conductor and porter go through with the car 
 without change, thus adding largely to the comfort and pleasure of the passengers. 
 These features have been prime factors in building up this Tourist Car Line from 
 one car a week to four cars per week. 
 
 Many people in the East who have not traveled in the tourist cars of the Wash- 
 ington-Sunset Route do not appreciate the ex- 
 treme superiority of these cars. 
 
 The offices of the Washington-Sunset Route 
 are conveniently accessible to the traveling pub- ]£i^^si^J2i~U^\\ri'~:--j::'/^'7^^^S^^I^''^>?:^ 
 lie at 170 and 228 Washington Street, Boston; 
 No. 1, 366, 1158 and 1200 Broadway, New 
 York; 632 and 828 Chestnut Street, Phila- 
 
 delphia; 119 East Baltimore Street and 29 West Hg^^^^^"^//i|^H|li^:'u.>^ 
 Baltimore Street, Baltimore; 705 15th Street B^^^ ^W/:i^^W^I,^^4;£ >i 
 and 905 F Street, Wasliington. along thk kio or.\ni)i;, ti;xas 
 
ROCK ISLAND SASH & DOOR WORKS 
 
 Main Factory 
 
 ROCK ISLAND, ILLINOIS 
 
 The total area of floor space of the factory and warehouses of the Rock Island Sash 
 and Door Works is over thirteen acres. This company manufactures sash, doors, 
 mouldings, blinds and mill work of all descriptions and makes a specialty of the cele- 
 brated "Crown Door," made in veneer hardwoods. The Rock Island Sash and Door 
 Works maintain branch offices and warehouses in the following cities, all carrying stock 
 and always at your service: 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 Columbus, Ohio 
 Wichita, Kans. 
 
 Muskagee, Okla. 
 Denver, Colo. 
 Salt Lake City, Utah 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 The Baltimore branch carries in stock, or can furnish on special order, the following 
 products: 
 
 Adjustable Gable Ornaments 
 
 Altar Railings 
 
 Balusters. Porch 
 
 Barber Poles 
 
 Balusters, Stair 
 
 Base Beads 
 
 Bead Mouldings 
 
 Beam Ceilings 
 
 Bent Windows and Sash 
 
 Bevel Plates, Leaded 
 
 Blinds, Inside 
 
 Blinds, Outside 
 
 Blinds, Venetian 
 
 Blocks, Corner, Head, Base 
 
 Brackets, Outside 
 
 Cabinets, Medicine 
 
 Caps, Composition 
 
 Caps, Newel or Post 
 
 Cap Trim 
 
 Ceilings, Paneled 
 
 C hipped Glass 
 
 Church Furniture 
 
 Clock Shelves 
 
 Colonnade Openings 
 
 Columns, Interior 
 
 Columns, Porch 
 
 Counters, Store 
 
 Cresting, Outside 
 
 "Crown" Doors, Open and Glazed 
 
 Cupboards 
 
 Door Jambs 
 
 Drapery, Outside 
 
 Drops, Porch 
 
 Entrances, "Crown" 
 
 Factory Windows 
 
 Fancy Butt Shingles 
 
 Fifteen-Light Windows 
 
 Finials 
 
 Fireplaces 
 
 Flooring 
 
 Floor Finishing Supplies 
 
 Floors, Inlaid 
 
 Florentine Glass 
 
 Frames, Window and Door 
 
 Fruit Pickers' Ladders 
 
 Glass, Leaded, Double Strength 
 
 Glass, Geometric Chipped 
 
 Glass, Prism 
 
 Glass, Ribbed 
 
 Glass, Maze 
 
 Glass, Wire 
 
 Grates, Mantels and Fireplaces 
 
 Grilles, Inside and Porch 
 
 Gutters. "V" 
 
 Hot-Bed Sash 
 
 Ladders, Step and Extension 
 
 Legs, Table and Sink 
 
 Mantel and Clock Shelves 
 
 Mantels, Hard and Soft Wood 
 
 Mouldings, Pearl and Bead 
 
 Mouldings, Pressed 
 
 Newel Caps 
 
 Newels, Porch 
 
 Newels, Stair 
 
 Office Partitions 
 
 Paneled Wainscoting 
 
 Parquetry Floors 
 
 Pew Ends 
 
 Plate Rails 
 
 Porch Spindles 
 
 Post Caps 
 
 Pulpits 
 
 Rosettes 
 
 Screen Doors 
 
 Shutters 
 
 Sink Trimmings 
 
 Spark Guards 
 
 Spindle Guards 
 
 Spindle Turnings 
 
 Store Doors 
 
 Table Legs 
 
 Thresholds 
 
 Ventilators 
 
 Wainscoting 
 
 Weights, Sash 
 
THE 
 
 WON- 
 
 DERFUL 
 
 INNER- 
 
 PLAYER 
 
 An hourly occurrence at the Home of the I NNER- P LAYER — The 
 Photograph tells its own story — You are coidiallj^ invited to call, SEE! 
 HEAR ! — and PLAY ! the I NNER- PLAYER — If you do these three 
 things, — You will buy NO OTHER! 
 
BALTIMORE & OHIO RAILROAD 
 
 Founders: Geo. Brown (1787-1859), Benj. C. Howard (1791-1872), Alexander 
 .Bridge (1766-1839), Talbot Jones (1770-1834), Philip E. Thomas (1776-1861), Wm. 
 Patterson (1752-1835), Robert Oliver (1757-1834), Chas. Carroll, of Carrollton (1737- 
 1832), Alexander Brown (1764-1834), J. V. L. McMahon (1800-1871), Chas. F. Mayer, 
 Sr. (1791-1864), Fielding Lucas (1782-1854), VV. G. McNeill (1800-1853), Isaac McKim 
 (1775-1838), Benj. H. Latrobe (1806-1878), Peter Cooper (1791-1883), Sam'l F. B. 
 Morse (1791-1872), Louis McLane (1784-1857), Chauncey Brooks (1794-1880), Wm. 
 G. Harrison (1803-1883), Thos. C. Jenkins (1802-1881), Thos. Swann (1809-1883), 
 Johns Hopkins (1795-1873), Albert Schumacher (1802-1871), John B. Morris 
 (1785-1874), John Garrett (1820-1884), John H. B. Latrobe (1803-1891). 
 
 The history of the First Railroad in America began with an act of incorporation 
 granted by the State of Maryland February 28, 1821, and confirmed by the State of 
 Virginia March 8, 1828. The construction of the road was commenced July 4, 1828, 
 and at the laying of the "First Stone," Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, cast the first 
 spadeful of earth, saying: 'T consider this among the most important acts of my life, 
 second only to that of signing the Declaration of Independence, if indeed second to 
 that." 
 
 Originally it extended from Baltimore to Ellicott Mills, a distance of fifteen miles, 
 then to Frederick, sixty-one miles. Relays of horses were first used as motive power, 
 followed by sail-cars. The stone freight-house at Frederick is the oldest freight-house 
 in the world. In Avigust, 1830, steam was introduced, and Peter Cooper, with his crude 
 engine, hauled the first train. 
 
 The first locomotive built in America was Peter Cooper's "Tom Thumb," which was 
 successfully run on the B. & O. Railroad; then followed the "Davis Grasshopper," 
 designed by Phineas Davis in 1832; then by "Winan's Camel-back" in 1848; after this, 
 in 1852, came the "Hayes Dutch Wagon," designed for hauling passenger trains. Crude 
 sleepers were introduced in 1848. The next extension of the road was from Relay to 
 Washington, thence to Harper's Ferry, to Cumberland, across the Allegheny Mountains 
 to Wheeling, and finally from Cumberland to Pittsburg and Chicago. The first 
 through train was run in 1857 to St. Louis. 
 
 When the Civil War broke out the eyes of the whole nation were constantly on the 
 line of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, because of its strategic importance and the part 
 it was compelled to play in the fierce struggle. The entire line from Parkersburg and 
 Wheeling, W. Va., to Point of Rocks, Md., during the Civil War was debatable ground, 
 over which the contending hosts marched and fought. Many of the famous battles of 
 the Civil War were fought along or adjacent to the line of the B. & 0. Railroad, viz.: 
 At Harper's Ferry, Antietam, South INIountain, Gettysburg, Monocacy, and in all one 
 hundred and eighty battles were fought, from 1861 to 1865, on or near this historic road. 
 
 It ivas the first railrond in America — first to obtain a charter and the only existing 
 railroad bearing without change its original charter name; first to he operated for pas- 
 sengers or freight; first to utilize locomotive power; first to penetrate the Allegheny 
 Mountains ; first to employ electricity as a means of communication. It Jiad the first 
 telegraph line in the loorld, and over which Prof. S. F. B. Morse sent his first message, 
 "What hath God xm'ought," from Baltimore to Washington in 1844. First to employ 
 electricity as a motive power. It has a fully equipped electric power plant of its own 
 in Baltimore, which supplies current for tlie operation of several of the most immense 
 passenger stations, all freight terminals, warehouses, shops and water front. 
 
 What must be the impression of the thousands living to-day wlio traveled in the 
 old style of car and who have since enjoyed a journey between Washington and New 
 York in the palatial "Royal Limited," or indeed, on any of the "Royal Blue" trains! 
 
WILLIAM SOLOMON RAYNER 
 
 Merchant and financier; born in Oberelsbach, Bavaria, September 23, 1822; died in 
 Baltimore, Md., March 1, 1899. In 1840 he removed to the United States. Declining an offer 
 of the position of religious teaclier in the old Henry Street Synagog\ie, New York, he removed 
 to Baltimore, -and entered upon a successful mercantile career. At the close of the Civil 
 War he became one of the chief figures in tlie financial development of Baltimore, serving 
 for many years on the directorates of the Western National Bank, the Baltimore Equitable 
 Society and the Western Maryland Railroad. 
 
 William S. Rayner was well versed in German and Hebrew and materially assisted the 
 famous Rabbi Einhorn in the translation of the first German prayer-book used in Baltimore. 
 As an illustration of his scholarly ability, when Bayard Taylor's translation of "Faust" 
 appeared Rayner suggested an important change in the text of the first edition. Sending 
 the corrected copy to Mr. Taylor, the distinguished author sent in return a written acknowl- 
 edgment of the valuable assistance thus rendered him, and in the edition of 1898 the change 
 was made. As a matter of historical interest we give the letter written by Bayard Taylor 
 to Mr. Rayner: 
 
 142 East Eighteenth Street, New York. 
 
 January 7, 1876. 
 
 Dear Sib: 
 
 I thank you for calling my attention to the line you quote. My translation is un- 
 doubtedly incorrect. As it was written nearly six years ago, I cannot recall what cause led 
 me to translate Herr as "God" instead of "lord" or "master," but I was probably misled by 
 one of the many commentaries which I then studied, in order to acquaint myself with all 
 varieties of interpretation. I shall change the line in the next edition. I have been too 
 much occupied, of late years, to give the work a thorough examination, line by line, but I 
 fully intend to do so. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 BAYARD TAYLOR. 
 
 He was instrumental in organizing the Har Sinai Verein, which soon after became the 
 Har Sinai Congregation, and of which he was for many years the president. He was a 
 strong advocate of reform, and it was mainly through his influence that David Einhorn 
 became rabbi of this congregation (1855). Being one of the pioneers of the movement in 
 favor of Sunday services in the Reformed Hebrew churches, he warmly advocated them in 
 inspiring addresses and communications to the i-eligious and secular press. That Mr. Rayner's 
 idea was correct is shown by the fact that the Sunday-service movement has generally grovra 
 among American Jews, notably in New^ York, Chicago. St. Louis, Detroit and many other 
 cities. In Baltimore the services have since been held without interruption from the time 
 of his advocacy of them. 
 
 He was one of the founders of the Baltimore Hebrew Orphan Asylum, donating its first 
 building and grounds, the first president of the Baltimore Hebrew Benevolent Society under 
 its present State charter and represented the City of Baltimor'e for many years in the man- 
 agement of the House of Refuge, served as a vice-president of the Baltimore Poor Association, 
 and was one of the managers of the Home for Incurables. During the Civil W'ar he was 
 very active in the formation of the Union Relief Association, and was one of its first vice- 
 presidents. In 1844 he married Amalie Jacobson. Of this union four children survive; Two 
 of them, in memory of their father, endowed a fellowship in Semitics in the Johns Hopkins 
 University; the eldest son, Isidor Rayner, was elected in 1904 to the United States Senate. 
 
WILIJAM SOLOMON RAYXER 
 
 Xli 
 
THE FALCONER COMPANY 
 
 Bank and Commercial 
 Stationers, Printing, Lithographing and Blank- 
 Book Making 
 
 N. W. CORNER GAY AND WATER STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Uif--; 
 
 
 Established in 1849, The Falconer Company, Bank and Commercial Stationers, 
 has built up a reputation second to none in the country. Originally at 204 Water 
 Street, since 1904 it has been located at 5 and 7 North Gay Street, where are situated 
 the office and factory. Owing to the great demand for its products from all sections 
 of the country, the business has grown to such an extent that these quarters are 
 entirely inadequate. Early in the year 1910 a large lot, fronting 80 feet on South 
 Gay Street and 125 feet on Water Street, facing the National INIarine Bank and 
 directly opjiosite the new United States Custom House, was purchased from the 
 Savings Bank of Baltimore, whose business for many years prior to the fire was con- 
 ducted on this site. A stately factory building of steel, concrete and brick, absolutely 
 fireproof, with an abundance of light, is now being erected. This is to be equipped 
 with the most modern machinery for the jiroduction of all processes of printing, litho- 
 graphing and blank-book making, for which the Company has gained a reputation for 
 the highest grade of work. Their capacity will be threefold what it is at present, 
 but so rapid is the increase in their business, due to ])utting forth notliing but goods of 
 the highest quality, that it is expected every foot of space will, before long, be required. 
 While their specialty is supplies of every description for banks, they also enjoy quite 
 a large trade in commercial stationery with corporations and firms in every kind of 
 business. This great enterprise has been built up by fair dealing, unvarying courtesy 
 and a thorough understanding of all that is required to manufacture goods of the 
 highest quality and deliver tlieni in proper condition exactly when want^'d. A large 
 number of skilled operators are kejit busy the entire year by a corps of genial and well- 
 posted traveling salesmen, who cover the fifteen States immediately .surrounding 
 Baltimore on the south, west and north. The policy of the Company is to be right up 
 to the minute, and the processes employed in their factory are at all times the very 
 latest. So attractive is their way of doing business tiiat with thera the saying "Once 
 a buyer, alwavs a customer" has an absolute truism. 
 
 xlii 
 
2 o 
 
 
 M O 
 
 xliii 
 
THE COMMERCIAL 
 AND FARMERS NATIONAL BANK 
 
 Federal, State and Municipal Depository. Capital $500 000 
 
 HOWARD AND GERMAN STS., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This ancestral bank was founded in 1810 and has always stood on the original site 
 — the building, however, was slightly improved by extensions and the addition of an 
 extra story. This bank has to its credit an uniiroken record of one hundred years 
 of integrity, and during the days of 1812 and up to the present has always stood 
 ready to aid the National Government in any instance. On Tuesday, May 4, 1813, the 
 records show that the directors met and formulated plans for removing all the funds 
 to Fredericktown, Md. (now Frederick, Md.), as a place of safety by reason of the 
 threatened attack on Baltimore by the British — which removal was made, however, 
 more than a year later of $43,000 silver and gold, $63,776 in foreign money and 
 
 COMMERCIAL AND FARMERS BANK AS IT APPEARED IN 1810 FROM A 
 REPRINT MADE IN 1832. 
 
 $290,000 in notes of the bank. This removal, however, was made to Westminster, Md., 
 and was the starting of the Union National Bank of that place, now known as Dr. 
 Herring's Bank. February 3, 1815, the Commercial and Farmers Bank notified the 
 United States Government that it was prepared to advance to the Government one- 
 half of the $600,000 direct tax that the Government expected to receive from the 
 State of Maryland, and same date notified the Secretary of the Treasury that they 
 would join with the other banks in Baltimore in raising $1,200,000 as a loan for the 
 defense of Baltimore. 
 
 Officers : 
 
 Samuel H. Shriveb President 
 
 James M. Easter Vice-President 
 
 Maxwell Cathcart Assistanf Cashier 
 
 Directors : 
 
 Hugh L. Bond, Jr., 2d Vice-Pres. B. & O. R. R. Daniel B. Miller, Daniel Miller Co., Dry Goods. 
 
 Maxwell Cathcart, Assistant Cashier. J. G. McHenry, President Columbia Co. National 
 James M. Easter, Vice-President D. Miller Co., Bank, Benton, Pa. 
 
 Dry Goods. Geo. M. Shriver, Asst. to President B. & O. R. R. 
 
 Geo. M. Gillet, Montague & Gillet Co., Manufac- Samuel H. Shriver, President. 
 
 turers of Straw Hats. T. T. Tonguf, General Agent Md. Casualty Co. 
 
 Henry H. Hubner, Attorney-at-Law. Joseph W. V.iliaiit, The J. G. Valiant Co. 
 
 Ernest J. Knabe, Jr., Wm. Knabe Co., Pianos. N. Winslow Williams, Secretary of State, Md. 
 
 Courtesy and consideration to everij one nasured. Your banking arcoimt, lari/e or amill, solicited. 
 
 xliv 
 

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 ^ 
 
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 xlv 
 
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 miii^Sik • Si^ iii SSli 6it ''^' ' ijim. 
 
 
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 '^ r i'* 111, " " '■* 
 
 EMERSON DRUG COMPANY 
 
 Established 1888 BALTIMORE, U. S. A. Incorporated 1891 
 
 Offirrrs: 
 
 Isaac E. Emkrsox. C'lminiuiii nf t!ic I'^xct-utive CVumiiittee. 
 
 Joseph F. Hixdks rrosidont and Treasurer. 
 
 Pakkkr Cook Secretary. 
 
 Philip I. Heuislki: Second Vice-President and Director of Laboratory. 
 
 xlvi 
 
Z be 
 
 >^ o 
 
 >1 p 
 
 xlvii 
 
Brewers of Pure Beer 
 
 G-B-S BREWING COMPANY 
 
 Our breweries are equipped with the latest and most approved 
 appliances for the brewing of beers of high quality. 
 
 No other estabhshment in any city of the United States has 
 better facihties for safeguarding the purity of its products. 
 
 We use only high quality materials, which guarantee nutritive 
 well-flavored beverages. 
 
 BREWERIES AND BRANDS 
 
 Durley Park Geo. Bauernschmidt 
 
 "Ideal" "Extra Pale Lnger" 
 
 Eigenbrot National 
 
 "Adonis" "Schiller" "Bohemian" 
 
 Globe Bay View 
 
 "Goldbrau," "Munich" "Imperial" 
 
 G-B-S "Special" (Bottled Only) 
 SI. 25 Case 
 
 GOTTLIEB-BAUERNSCHMIDT-STRAUS 
 BREWING COMPANY 
 
 General Offices 
 
 CENTRAL AVENUE AND FAWN STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 xlviii 
 
PUBLISHER'S NOTE 
 
 The Mayor of the City of Baltimore and -iOO of its most distin- 
 guished mercantile factors have joined in a common act of recognition 
 of the civic integrity and the personal genius of the Jews of Baltimore. 
 
 In formulating the "History of the Jews of Baltimore" the question 
 arose whether it should be strictly a class book confined solely to a, re- 
 view of the work of the Jews of Baltimore, from a Jewish estimate, or 
 whether the class idea should be laid aside and the tribute come from 
 without — a tribute from Baltimore as a whole to its Jewish citizens as a 
 part. 
 
 The latter policy has been adopted for the reason that under the 
 other policy the Jew, in self-recording his relations to Baltimore's devel- 
 opment, would appear as simply testifying of himself, which might be 
 construed as mere vanity; whereas by allowing the tribute to come from 
 all classes of his fellow-citizens, the idea of self-laudation is forever elimi- 
 nated. Under the one phase it would be glory inferred — under the other 
 it is honor conferred. 
 
 The "History of the Jews of Baltimore" needs no defense from 
 within, because it is justified from without; as testified by the esteem, 
 which the magnificent patronage of the book evidences, as a recognition, 
 by all classes of men, of the important part played by their Jewish fellow 
 citizens in Baltimore's Financial, Commercial, Manufactural and Educa- 
 tional development. 
 
 It can be with pride only that posterity will look into this book at 
 distant times and find recorded there the life data of ancestors long since 
 passed to their great reward — and to note with exalted pleasure the dis- 
 tinguished position occupied not only individually, but collectively, by 
 the Jews of Baltimore in the year of nineteen hundred and ten. 
 
 If there are any omitted from this record, it is rather because of the 
 indifference of the living to historical opportunities, than to inefficient 
 effort of the publishers to accomplish the legitimate end to which this 
 work has been directed. As an historical ark, we feel it will preserve 
 much of vital data, that otherwise could have been forever lost in the 
 waters of temporal oblivion. 
 
 There is no precaution which can preserve to future generations the 
 wealth which to-day's genius so zealously accumulates; far surer in- 
 heritance, indeed, is the properly preserved record of a good name, which 
 time cannot diminish nor fortuity imperil. 
 
 clix 
 
THE R. M. SUTTON CO. 
 
 Importers and Jobbers of Dry Goods and Notions 
 
 LIBERTY AND LOMBARD STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 \i £ 
 
 ^.1 
 
 
 *l 
 
 
 :ii[^a 
 
 The business was established in 1866, in a much smaller way, under the firm name 
 of Weedon, Johnson & Co. In 1869 it was changed to Johnson, Sutton & Co. In 1890 
 it was changed to R. M. Sutton & Co., and in 1904 it became incorporated as The 
 R. M. Sutton Co., with R. M. Sutton, president; Thomas Todd, vice-president and 
 treasurer; John R. Sutton, vice-president; E. K. Patterson, vice-president, and Wm. F. 
 Sutton, secretary. 
 
 The building occupied by the company is located on the corner of Liberty and 
 Lombard Streets, and is of nine stories, with a total floor space of 144,000 square feet. 
 
 It employs fifty traveling salesmen, and sells from Pennsylvania to the Gulf and 
 to the Mississippi River. 
 
 At the death of Mr. R. M. Sutton, his son, John R. Sutton, was elected president. 
 
^mrixt's (^iiite. 
 
 ^RV MAHOOL 
 
 Baltimore. Md. April 38, 1909. 
 
 The Historical Review Society, 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 aentlemen:- 
 
 It Is with great pleasure that I note the effort be- 
 ing made to properly record the worK, and achievements of the 
 Jewish people of Baltimore. 
 
 There is every reason why this record should be kept. 
 Our Jewish citizens have much of which to feel intensely proud. 
 I know, from my own experience, that they have been wonderful 
 factors m the task of building and developing our city. Their 
 magnificent enterprise and public spirit have been exhibited on 
 many and important occasions. I have found them energetic lab- 
 orers in every field of commendable effort. I have never 
 called for aid in any worbhy direction but what they have re- 
 sponded heartily and effectively. Nor is that strange when we 
 recall some of the splendid personalities who are found in their 
 circle of leaders. Big brains and big hearts are plentiful, - 
 for which reason they have played a conspicuous part in our com- 
 mercial and philanthropic and political history. 
 
 I congratulate our Jewish people upon what they are 
 and what they have accomplished in our midst. They are a 
 valuable and cherished portion of our people: and I wish them 
 a continuance of their loyalty to Baltimore and to Baltimore's 
 interest s. 
 
 Very truly yours. 
 
 >^C.Sg!f^^ 
 
 Mayor 
 
DANIEL MILLER COMPANY 
 
 Importers and Distributors of 
 
 Dry Goods, Silks, Notions, White Goods, Carpets, 
 
 Mattings, Etc. 
 
 28-30-32-34 HOPKINS PLACE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The original house was founded in 1846 by John Dallam and Daniel Miller. The 
 title originally Avas Daniel Miller & Co., but is now the Daniel Miller Co. The business 
 was originally on Baltimore Street, near Liberty Street, but now occupies two large 
 warehouses of eight floors each, including basement and sub-basement, with 200.000 
 square feet of space, at 28, 30, 32 and 34 Hopkins Place. Daniel Miller Co. are importers 
 and distributors of Dry Goods, Silks. Dress Goods, Notions, Hosiery, Gloves, Underwear, 
 White Goods, Carpets, Mattings, etc., and are manufaclurers of Underwear, Shirts and 
 Neckwear. Tlie trade of the house extends into all States soutli of New York and east of 
 the Mississii)pi and Ohio. The sales of this house approximate $5,000,000 and its ter- 
 ritory is covered by fifty salesmen. 
 
■^THE 
 
 JEWS OF BALTIMORE 
 
 An Historical Summary of Their Progress and Status 
 
 as Citizens of Baltimore from Early Days to the 
 
 Year Nineteen Hundred and Ten 
 
 BY 
 
 ISIDOR BLUM 
 
 WITH SPECIAL CONTRIBUTIONS BY 
 
 REV. DR. WILLIAM ROSENAU 
 
 REV. DR. S. SCHAFFER 
 
 REV. DR. CHARLES A. RUBINSTEIN 
 
 REV. DR. ADOLF GUTTMACHER 
 
 REV. DR. HENRY W. SCHNEEBERGER 
 
 HON. LEWIS PUTZEL 
 
 %XXxxstvntz£i 
 
 HISTORICAL REVIEW PUBLISHING COMPANY 
 
 BALTIMORE — WASHINGTON 
 
 1910 
 
 ^ 
 

 Copyrighted, 1910 
 
 BY 
 
 HISTORICAL REVIEW PUBLISHING COMPANY 
 
 :CI.A265453 
 
 r; O' '^ 
 
 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
 
THE JEWS OF BALTIMORE : A HISTORICAL SKETCH 
 
 By Isidor Blum 
 
 The date of the first settlement of Jews in Baltimore cannot be determined. 
 There were no Jews among the men who bought lots Avhen Baltimore Town was laid 
 out in 1729-30. Isaac Markens^ in his "Hebrews in America," tells 
 in Baithnore^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ 1756, Jacob Mvers erected an inn at the southeast corner 
 of Gay and Market (Baltimore) Streets; but, even if this inn-keeper 
 is not the same Jacob Myers who was a few years later an elder in the First German 
 Eeformed Congregation, it is highly improbable that he was a Jew. Markens could 
 have relied more safely upon the Hebrew name of Benjamin Levy, who advertises 
 in the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser of December 9, 1773, that he 
 "has just opened store in Market Street, at the corner of Calvert Street, where he 
 sells, wholesale and retail, for ready inoney only," a large number and variety of 
 articles, including liquors, spices, drugs, foodstuffs and drygoods. In 1776 Benja- 
 min Levy was one of a number of men authorized by Congress to sign bills of credit 
 or money. Jacob Hart, the father-in-law of Haym M. Salomon, headed a subscrip- 
 tion in 1781 for a loan to General Lafayette: Nathaniel Levy served under Lafa- 
 yette in the "First Baltimore Cavalry." It is almost certain that there was no Jewish 
 commimity in Baltimore at the time of the Eevolution. All that may be inferred 
 from our fragmentary knowledge is the presence of a few sporadic settlers. 
 
 The first Jews in Baltimoi'e of whom we know anything besides their names are 
 the Ettings. Elijah Etting, born in 1724 at Frankfort-on-the-Main, came to 
 America in 1758, and in the following j^ear married Shinah Solomon, 
 ^j'®. the daughter of a London merchant who had settled in Lancastei , Pa. 
 
 After her husband's death, Shinah Etting is said to have come to 
 Baltimore with five of her children, and to have kept a boarding house on Market 
 (now Baltimore) Street, near Calvert. Her grandson wrote the following account 
 of what he calls the "Oldest Jewish Family in Maryland" : 
 
 "Shinah Etting (grandmother), widow of Elijah Etting, removed to Baltimore, 
 Md., from York Town, Pa., in the month of September, 1780, two years after the 
 death of her husband, and with her family resided at Mr. Joseph Donaldson's (on 
 corner of Market and Gay Streets) until a house was built for her by Jas. Edwards, 
 situated in Gay Street, opposite Gerard Hopkins's (now General Eidgeley's), to 
 which she removed in 1782. Solomon Etting came to Baltimore from York in 1789 
 [at the age of twenty-five], and commenced the hardware business in a store on 
 South Calvert Street, below Lovely Lane, after which he removed to corner of 
 Lovely Lane and Calvert Street, where he pursued the same business until the years 
 1805-06, when he purchased a house on Market Street, between Howard and Eutaw 
 Streets (owned and built by Jas. West), where he removed to (then engaged in a 
 general shipping and commercial business) and in which house he resided until May, 
 1841, when he purchased the house on West Lexington Street, No. 4 Pascault Eow, 
 
where he rcpidcd until the time of his deatli, August G, 184T. In 1790 Isaac Solomon 
 (the brothel' of Sliinah Etting) arrived in Baltimore from St. Eustated [St. 
 Eustatius?] and commenced the hardware business in a store on Market Street, 
 some four or five doors below Calvert Street. Levi, a brother of Isaac, joined him 
 in business a few days after. Myer Solomon, the eldest brother, came to Baltimore 
 from Lancaster, Pa., in 1793, purchased a house (on Market Street, a few doors 
 below Calvert Street) from Henry Wilson, and commenced the drygoods trade." 
 
 Isaac Solomon must have been in Baltimore before 1790. In 1783 he advertises 
 in the newspaper the furniture and metal ware which he ofPers for sale in his "iron- 
 mongery store" on Gay Street. 
 
 Eunning north from Monument Street, between Elisor Street and Harford 
 Avenue, tliere is a blind alley, which bore until recently the name of Jew Alley, 
 A hundred feet north of Monument Street, a lane called Abraham 
 The First Jewish Street connects Jew Alley with Harford Avenue. On this little block 
 was the first Jewish cemetery in Baltimore. In 1801 it was conveyed 
 from Charles Carroll, William McMechen, and John Leggett to Solomon Etting 
 and Levi Solomon. But the plot of ground was used as a cemetery, or set aside 
 for burial purposes, at least fifteen years earlier. "The Jews' Burying Ground" 
 is one of the items on a document dated 1786 and headed "Mr. Carroll's Claims." 
 The last interment was made here in 1833. Part of the cemetery ground was later 
 covered by a shanty or shed used as a negro church; a few years ago this was torn 
 down to make way for a brewery. 
 
 Beuben and Solomon Etting soon became active citizens of Baltimore. When 
 
 the "Independent Blues" reorganized in 1798, in expectation of a war with France, 
 
 Beuben Etting, who had been their lieutenant, was elected captain of 
 
 Reuben and |.|-,g company. President Jeiferson appointed him United States Mar- 
 
 Solomon £'L'Lin&' i »/ l i 
 
 shal for Maryland. In 1793, at a meeting of the citizens of Baltimore, 
 Solomon Etting was appointed on a committee to forward resolutions to President 
 Washington expressing disapproval of the proposed (Jay's) treaty with Great Britain. 
 He was one of the organizers in 1796, and for many years a director, of the Union 
 Bank; and he was a member of the first board of directors of the Baltimore Water 
 Company, which he helped to organize in 1805. He was a street commissioner in 
 1816, and in 1838 a director of the Baltimore and Ohio Eailroad. In 1836 he was 
 elected to the City Council. 
 
 In 1796 the stockholders of the Union Bank included Solomon and Eeuben 
 Etting, their mother, Shinah Etting, and their sisters, Kitty and Hetty; their 
 
 uncles, Levy and Myer Solomon; and Jacob F., Philadelphia, Ben- 
 Jews in jamin, and Hetty Levy. The first "Baltimore Town and Fells' Town 
 in^iTae""^ Directory," published in the same year, contains, in addition to some 
 
 of those that have been mentioned, the names of Philip Itzchkin, one 
 Kahn, Benjamin Lyon, Solomon Eaphael, and seven men bearing the name of 
 Jacobs, including Moses, Samuel, and Joseph Jacobs. In the list of letters remain- 
 ing at the post-office in this year occur the names of Benjamin Myers and Hheym 
 Levenstene, the latter being perhaps the Levingston whose family name is given in 
 the directory. The Jewish population of Baltimore in 1796 has been estimated at 
 fifteen families. 
 
 Two years later, Levi Kalnius (Collmus), a youth of fifteen, came to Balti- 
 more from Bohemia. Levi and Jacob Block were here in 1803. In 1813 Zalma 
 Eehine (1757-1848), a native of Westphalia, came to Baltimore from Eichmond, 
 where he had been one of the first members of the Congregation Beth Shalome. 
 Eehine died in 1843, at the age of eighty-six years. 
 
A number of Jews aided in tlie defence of Fort McHenry, including Philip I. 
 Cohen, Mendes I. Cohen, Samuel Etting, Levi Collmus, Jacob Moses, Samuel Cohen, 
 and many others. 
 
 Under its constitution of 1776, Maryland, renowned for religious tolerance, 
 required all who held office under the State government to subscribe to a declaration 
 of belief in the Christian religion. In December, 1797, Solomon 
 Political Etting and Barnard Gratz petitioned the General Assembly that Jews 
 
 Disabilities of i^^\g\ii "be placed on the same footing with other good citizens." The 
 iiiaryiand petition was read, but a committee to which it was referred reported 
 
 on the same day that they "have taken the same into consideration 
 and conceive the prayer of the petition is reasonable; but as it involves a constitu- 
 tional question of considerable importance, they submit to the House the propriety 
 of taking the same into consideration at this advanced stage of the session." Five 
 years later a petition from "the sect of people called Jews," stating "that they are 
 deprived of holding any ofQce of profit or trust under the constitution and laws of 
 this State," was refused by a vote of 38 to 17. When a new bill was introduced at 
 the session of 1803, consideration of the question was deferred; when it was re- 
 introduced at the following session, the bill was again defeated, though by a slightly 
 smaller majority than in 1802. It was fourteen years before the. Jews again de- 
 manded the removal of their civil disability. 
 
 In this period a number of Jews settled in Baltimore. The most notable of the 
 new settlers were the members of the Cohen family. Jacob I. Cohen, a native of 
 Ehenish Prussia, had come to America in 1773, and, after residing 
 Cohen Family "^ Lancaster, Pa., and in Charleston, S. C, had finally settled in 
 Eichmond, Va., where he was one of the early members of the Beth 
 Shalome Congregation. After the war he was joined by his brother Israel I. Cohen, 
 who married Judith Solomon, of Bristol, England. In 1808, after the death of 
 Israel I. Cohen, his widow removed to Baltimore with her daughter Maria I. Cohen 
 and her six sons — Jacob I. Cohen, Jr., Philip I., Mendes I., Benjamin I., David I., 
 and Joshua I. Cohen. The eldest son was the founder of the firm of Jacob I. 
 Cohen, Jr., and Brothers, Bankers, which acquired a national reputation for strength 
 and integrity. AVhen the religious test was eventually removed, he was elected to 
 the City Council, and, after serving several terms, chosen president of the First 
 Branch. For five successive years he was one of the Commissioners of Finance of 
 the city of Baltimore. He was one of the founders of Baltimore's public school sys- 
 tem, and continued for many years the first treasurer of the school board. He was 
 a director of the Baltimore and Ohio Eailroad and the first president of the railroad 
 leading to Philadelphia, and held other offices of honor and trust. Joshua I. Cohen 
 was an eminent physician. Many of the Egyptian antiquities in the Cohen collec- 
 tion of the Johns Hopkins University were collected by Col. Mendes I. Cohen in the 
 Nile Valley. All of the Cohen brothers were distinguished citizens of Baltimore. 
 
 The elder Jacob I. Cohen served in the Eevolution, and later, as a banker, 
 rendered valuable services to his adopted country. In Eichmond he was "conspicu- 
 ous in all municipal movements, being chosen a magistrate and member of the 
 City Council." Barnard and Michael Gratz,.the former the father-in-law of Solo- 
 mon Etting, were among the signers of the Philadelphia Non-Importation Eeso- 
 lutions of 1765, having taken a leading part in this "First Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence." The nephews of the elder Jacob I. Cohen, and Samuel Etting, the 
 grandson of Barnard Gratz, had aided in the defense of Baltimore, but they could 
 hold no office under its government. Eeuben Etting had been appointed Federal 
 Marshal for Maryland, but his religion debarred him from the office of constable. 
 
 5 
 
^=^ 
 
 REV. DR. HENRY W. SCHXEEBER(iER 
 
For the Cohens and the Ettings, who occnpied high positions in commercial 
 and public life, their civil disabilities must have been especially irksome; and Solo- 
 mon Etting and Jacob I. Cohen, Jr., engaged in a determined and sus- 
 
 Th.6 Jbw Bill ^ J o *^ 
 
 tained effort to have the religions test abolished, Jacob I. Cohen, Jr., 
 ])eing the author of the successive petitions for relief and the proposed constitutional 
 amendments that besieged every session of the Legislature from 1818 to 1825. The 
 prestige of these leaders and the righteousness of their cause enlisted the sympathy 
 and active aid of a group of men prominent in public affairs : Thomas Kennedy, 
 Thomas Brackenridge, E. S. Thomas, General Winder, W. G. Worthington, and 
 John V. L. McMahon. The "Jew^ Bill" attracted attention and favorable comment 
 throughout the country, and was an issue in Maryland politics until, in 1825 and 
 1826, an act for the relief of the Jews of Maryland provided tliat "every citizen of 
 this State professing the Jewish religion who shall be appointed to any office of 
 profit or trust shall, in addition to the required oaths, make and subscribe to a 
 belief in a future state of rewards and punishments, instead of the declaration now 
 required by the State." 
 
 The Jews in Baltimore probably managed to hold religious services as soon as 
 they were sufficiently numerous. The first regular meeting for divine worship of 
 
 which we have certain knowledge was held in the autumn of 1829, 
 se^rvices^ in the home of Zalma Eehine, on Holliday Street, near Pleasant. 
 
 Among the men who attended these services were Zalma Eehine, 
 John M. Dyer, Moses Millem, Lewis Silver, Levi Benjamin, Joseph Osterman, 
 Joseph Ancker, Levy Collmus, Tobias Myers and Jacob Aaron. 
 
 This minyan must have been the nucleus of the Congregation NidcJie Israel, 
 better known as the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. In December, 1829, the 
 
 Legislature was presented with a memorial in which "sundry citizens 
 Congregation °^ ^^^® ^^^J ^^ Baltimore" prayed that they might be incorporated under 
 
 the name and style of "the scattered Israelites, for the purpose of 
 building a synagogue." A bill to incorporate the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation 
 was favorably reported, but was rejected by a decisive majority on its second reading. 
 A few days thereafter, however, the vote was reconsidered, and a bill was passed 
 granting the petition of "the scattered Israelites of the city of Baltimore," and 
 incorporating John M. Dyer, Moses Millem, Lewis Silver, Levi Benjamin, and Joseph 
 Osterman as the electors of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. 
 
 The first synagogue in Baltimore was a room over a grocery store at the corner 
 of Bond and Fleet Streets (Fleet Street is now Eastern Avenue). In 1832, when 
 the congregation moved to Exeter Street, near what is now Lexington Street, it had 
 the following members : Jacob Aaron, Joseph Ancker, Levi Benjamin, Simon 
 Block, H. Bowman, Levy Collmus, Joseph Demmelman, Michael De Young, John 
 M. Dyer, Leon Dyer, H. ]\I. C. Elion, Jacob Ezekiel, Jonas Friedenwald, Charles J. 
 Hart, S. Hunt, Gabriel Isaacs, A. Kookegey, W. Marschutz, Orias Mastritz, Moses 
 Millem, Tobias Myers, Wm. Myers, Joseph Osterman, Zalma Eehine, Aaron Eeider, 
 Benjamin Seixas, Lewis Silver, Joseph Simpson, S. Waterman. In 1835, when the 
 congregation occupied a one-story dwelling on High Street, near the bend between 
 Fayette and Gay Streets, the number of members had increased to fifty-five. 
 
 Some of these same men were among the organizers of a society known as the 
 "Irische Chevra," which is said to have held religious services, in 1832, over an inn 
 
 at the corner of Bond and Fleet Streets. The date of the society's 
 
 The • • • 
 
 "Irish Chevra." birth is unknown ; the earliest documentary evidence of its existence 
 
 is its charter, whereby the General Assembly of Maryland, on March 
 
 4, 1834, incorporated the members of the "United Hebrew Benevolent Society of 
 
Baltimore'' "for the laudable purpose of affording relief to each other and to their 
 respective families in the event of sickness, distress or death." The men who 
 petitioned for this charter and who were thus incorporated were : Simon Eytinge, 
 Joseph Osterman, Leon D,yer, Jacob Ezekiel, S. I. Block, Joseph Simpson, Levi 
 Fhiut, Levi Benjamin, Aaron Reutter, Benjamin Seixas, Leopold Schneeburg, Selig 
 Strupp, PL M. C. Ellion (Elion), Emil Nicwiehl, L. ITammcrsclilak (Hammer- 
 schlack), Levi IIcss, M. 'J^ohias ]\Ievers, Solomon Benjamin, H. Hein, Wolf Myers, 
 Levi Keothen, Abraham Leon. Lazer Levi, Lewis Myers, Joseph Jacobs, Meyer 
 Hertzburg, A. D. Waehman (Washman), Jonas Baumann, Joseph J. Posnanskie 
 (Posnankio), Isaac Strupp, Julius Kann, Jolni M. Dyer, Solomon Hunt, David 
 Taub, Jacob Aaron, Samuel Muntzer, Michael Ileilbrunn, Solomon Carvolho (Car- 
 valho), Joseph Anger, Levi Collmus, Jacob Lieser, Morris A. Cohen, Jonas Freden- 
 waJt (Preedenwalt), S. A. Waterman, Gustavus M. Heinwald, Kritz Kayser, Moses 
 Kayser, Carle Schlectern (Schlecktern). 
 
 According to one explanation, the Irish Chevra was named after an Irishwoman 
 who used to sit at the door of the society's meeting-place ; some tell us, however, that 
 the organization was really known as the "Iris Chevra." Whatever the etymology of 
 its peculiar name, the Irish Chevra was probably a mutual benefit society, with some 
 social features, and providing especially, no doubt, for the proper burial of its mem- 
 bers and "their respective families." It seems to have included in its functions the 
 holding of religious services ; after worshipping for a time at the corner of Bond and 
 Elect Streets, the members met over Schwartz's Matzah bakery on Bond Street. The 
 chevra was continued for half a century, but the later members were less interested 
 in it, and when most of them had died, the society itself succumbed to old age. The 
 United Hebrew Benevolent Society has recently been reorganized for the sole pur- 
 pose of maintaining the cemetery which Joseph Ancker gave to the society on the 
 condition that it should be forever preserved as a burial ground. 
 
 Portuguese Jews, who formed the first stratum of Jewish settlement in most 
 of the American cities in which Jews settled more tlian a hundred years ago, are 
 conspicuously alisent in Baltimore. Practically all the early Jewish immigrants 
 were Dutch or German, some coming directly to Baltimore from Europe, others, 
 especially the earlier settlers, coming from other American cities or from the West 
 Indies. In the thirties there was a considerable immigration of German Jews, which 
 rose to its height in the early forties. Many, perhaps most, of these came from 
 Bavaria. 
 
 In 1825, Solomon Etting computed tlie number of Jews in Maryland to be 150. 
 Miss Henrietta Szold has estimated the Jewish population in 1835 at 300 souls. In 
 an address delivered at the fiftieth anniversary of the Har Sinai Congregation, 
 William S. Eayner said that when he arrived in Baltimore, in 1840, the Jewish 
 population "aggregated less than 200 families," most of which were German. A few, 
 he said, had settled in Baltimore before 1830 ; most of them had come between 1835 
 and 1840. 
 
 With a few exceptions, the Jews of Baltimore lived together in the eastern sec- 
 tion of the city. ]\Iost of them were very poor and followed hmnble callings. One 
 immigrant, for example, who later became a man of means and a prominent Jew 
 and citizen, was absolutely penniless when he came to Baltimore with his family 
 in 1832, and mended umbrellas until he had laid aside enough money to open a little 
 store. Most of the immigrants began to earn a livelihood by shouldering a pack 
 and travelling through the counties of Maryland and Virginia. ITsually they spent 
 some time in learning the language and accumulating a little capital; sometimes 
 they accepted the help of friends in stocking a peddler's sack. It was probably ihe 
 
 8 
 
continual absence of many of the members of the Jewish community tliat precluded 
 the forming of a congregation before 1830. It is said that services were held on 
 Rosli lia-Hlianah in 1828, but that a minyan was secured only with great difficulty. 
 Aside from the lack of public divine service, however, the Jews probably conformed 
 with all the laws and usages of orthodox Judaism. Wolf Marschutz was the schocliet 
 of the colony, and as early as 1822 Gabriel Isaacs was the mohel. 
 
 In 1838 the community had grown large enough to have a second congregation. 
 Finding the location of the sj^nagogue inconvenient, and sufficiently numerous to 
 form a sclmle of their OAvn, a number of men living in that part of 
 FeU's Point |.]^g ^jj-y ^j^id-i -^yas formerly Fell's Town and is still known. as Fell's 
 ongrega ion. pg^j^^^ organized, in this year, the Fell's Point Hebrew Friendship 
 Congregation. It has been said that the congregation was organized by the h-ish 
 Chevra, and that it was merely a continuation of the Chevras sclmle; but it seems 
 more probable that the Chevra did not, as such, take any part in its formation. 
 Some of its members, however, may have done so; and the Chevra discontinued its 
 religious services when the Fell's Point Congregation erected its synagogue on Eden 
 Street in 1848, if it had not done so even earlier. Because of its name and its lo- 
 cation, the Fell's Point Hebrew Friendship Congregation was known colloquially 
 as the "P'int Schule," the older congregation being called the "Stadt Schule." 
 
 In these early days there was little difference between those who needed charity 
 
 and those who gave it, and the fewness and homogeneity of the Jews in Baltimore 
 
 strengthened the feeling of brotherhood created by common faith and 
 
 The Poor and traditions. Soon, however, with an increase in the number of those 
 
 Cnanty. ' '_ 
 
 who needed temporary assistance, and with the rise of an indigent 
 class, the relief problem became more serious. 
 
 The l)oard of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation frequently voted relief to 
 some poor stranger, or to some one "who has grown poor in our midst." The records 
 of the congregation contain such items as these: "Owing to the continued illness 
 
 of , his family is in want, and the board donates $5 to that family" ; and "A 
 
 stranger made application to bury his child, and the board, respecting his poverty, 
 agreed not to make any charge." The benevolence of the Irish Chevra, and of other 
 societies that may have existed, doubtless extended beyond their members; but the 
 community required a charital^le institution, especially as the Jews have always been 
 unwilJing to allow their poor to become a charge upon the community in which they 
 live. 
 
 In order to assist the poor systematically, and especially help new immigrants, 
 the United Hebrew Assistance Society was organized in 1846, Leon Dyer being 
 elected president. 
 
 Leon Dyer was the son of John M. Dyer, who had been one of the organizers 
 of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation and its first president. He was born in 
 Alzey, Germany, October 9, 1807, and came to Baltimore with his 
 yer. parents in 1812. As a young man, he worked in his father's beef- 
 
 packing establishment, the first in America. Of large physique and strong per- 
 sonality, he possessed a commanding presence and great executive ability. He was 
 very popular with the citizens of Baltimore, was appointed acting mayor during the 
 bread riots, and held a number of minor public offices. He enlisted in the Texan 
 forces in their struggle for independence, and received a commission as major. He 
 was on General Scott's staff in the Seminole War, and was wounded in the final bat- 
 tle of the campaign against Osceola. In the Mexican War, he was appointed quar- 
 termaster-general, with the rank of colonel. Dyer was elected president of the Bal- 
 timore Hebrew Congregation in 1840, and seven years later, when his health obliged 
 
 9 
 
\ h 
 
 ^ 
 
 REV. DR. S. SCHAFFER 
 
him to leave the city, he was jDresented Avith a medal by the Jewish community of 
 Baltimore. He settled in San Francisco, Avhere he founded the first Jewish congre- 
 gation on the Pacific Coast. He died in 1883, in Louisville, Ky. 
 
 Moritz Henry Weil and Louis Hamburger, of Baltimore, served in the Mexican 
 War. A company composed entirely of Jews was formed, with Levi Benjamin as 
 first lieutenant, but it does not seem to have engaged in active service. 
 
 With the increase of Baltimore's Jewish population, the congregations grew 
 steadily. A few years after the organization of the "Stadt Schule," Joseph Jacobs 
 became cliazan ; at first the prayers were doubtless read by different members, for 
 they were all familiar with the orthodox service. Eev. I. Moses was cantor from 
 1835 to 1844. The congregation changed its quarters frequently; in 1837 it pur- 
 chased a three-story brick dwelling at the southeast corner of Harrison Street and 
 Etna Lane. Three years later Abraham Eice became its rabbi. 
 
 Abraham Eice was born, in 1800, at Gogsheim, near Wiirzburg, Germany. As 
 a young student he was placed in the care of Eabbi Abraham Bing ; later he studied 
 under Eabbi Wolf Hamburger. When he came to America in 1840, 
 Eice declared that it was his mission to re-establish orthodoxy in 
 America. Upon his arrival in New York he was persuaded by friends to go to New- 
 port to reopen the synagogue there^ in the hope of re-establishing the Jewish com- 
 munity. Unsuccessful, he returned to New York, where he met Aaron Weglein, 
 a native of Eice's birthplace Tind president of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. 
 Weglein offered him the leadership of his congregation, and Eice thus became 
 the first rabbi in Baltimore, beginning his ministry on Eosli ha-Shanah of 1840. 
 The congregation could pay him only a small salary, and he kept a little drygoods 
 store, observing thus the rabbinical injunction not to use the Torah as a spade to 
 dig with, and the command to follow a worldly vocation besides studying and teach- 
 ing the law. Eice was known in Germany and throughout the United States as a 
 learned Talmudist, and was recognized as an authority, questions involving matters 
 of ritual being referred to him for decision. He was a cripple, and is said not to 
 have been particularly eloquent in the pulpit. There are men and women still living, 
 however, who are thrilled by his name, and it is due largely to him that Baltimore 
 was and, to some extent, still is, a stronghold of conservative Judaism. His learn- 
 ing, his sincere piety, his loving and lovable character gave him an influence which 
 has not yet disappeared. 
 
 Eice found in Baltimore a fruitful soil for his labors, for the community was 
 almost a unit in its orthodoxy, anxious to conform with every detail of the biblical 
 and rabbinical law. 
 
 Almost a unit, but not quite; for in 1842 a number of young men, influenced 
 by the Hamlnirg Temple Movement, and stimulated in part by an expression of Bice's 
 orthodoxy, formed themselves into the Har Sinai Verein, for the pur- 
 Reform; Har pQgg q£ giving expression to reform doctrines. In October the Verein 
 Congregation. organized a congregation, the first in America established as a Ee- 
 form Congregation. Services were held on Rosh ha-Shanah of 1842 
 in a public hall at what is now the southeast corner of Baltimore Street and Post- 
 Office Avenue. "A number of persons attended, some to take part in the services, 
 some out of curiosity." Their orthodox brethren refusing to lend them a scroll of 
 the law, the members of the Verein had to content themselves with an ordinary copy 
 of the Bible. Joseph Simpson and A. T. Wachman read the service from the Ham- 
 burg prayer book; hymns from the Hamburg hymn book were sung to the accom- 
 paniment of a parlor organ. The society met for some time on Saratoga Street near 
 Gay ; then it occupied, for several years, a room in the dwelling of Moses Hutzler, at 
 
 11 
 
the northeast corner of Eastern Avenue and Exeter Street, liolding rejarnhir weekly 
 services, with j\Iax Sutro as lecturer. Alter changing its quarters several times, the 
 congregation found a permanent home in its synagogue on High Street, which was 
 dedicated on September 7, 1849. In the same year Moritz Brown succeeded Sutro a3 
 rabbi. Following the example of David Einhorn's congregation in Budapest, a num- 
 ber of the liar Sinai members met for services on Sunday mornings, until, one morn- 
 ing, the board of the congregation refused to let them enter the synagogue. Nothing 
 daunted, these ultra-reformers, the first men to hold Sunday services in America, 
 rented a hall at the corner of Gay and Front Streets, which the Har Sinai had once 
 occupied, and formed a congregation of their own. It had, however, only six months 
 of independent existence; iinding that their defection endangered the continuance 
 of the parent congregation, its members returned to the fold of their more conserva- 
 tive brethren. The reunited congregation now invited Einhorn to become its rabbi. 
 
 David Einhorn, born at Dispeck, Bavaria, on November 10, 1809, had been a 
 disciple of Rabbi Wolf Hamburger and Eabbi Joshua Moses in Fiirth, and had 
 pursued philosophical studies in Wiirzburg and Munich. Because of 
 his radically liberal views, Einhorn encountered opposition on the part 
 of the Bavarian government, as well as from conservative Jews in Germany. 
 Accepting a call to Budapest, he provoked loud protests by holding services on Sun- 
 day. When the Austrian government closed his synagogue, Einhorn resolved to 
 continue his career in America. He became the rabbi of the Har Sinai Congrega- 
 tion in September, 1855; and in the following May the Har Sinai adopted the Ein- 
 horn prayer book, the "Olath Tarn id," which was soon used by many other reform 
 congregations, and which is the basis of the "Union Prayer Book" published by the 
 Central Conference of American Eabl)is. Soon after coming to Baltimore, Einhorn 
 founded the "Sinai,"' a German monthly, which he continued to publish until 1863. 
 Einhorn was soon recognized as one of the great leaders of the reform movement in 
 America, and he is so regarded to-day. "A man of resolute character and well- 
 defined principles, Einhorn impressed friends and antagonists alike by his consistency 
 and courage." Ever liberal, and ever fearless in the defense of what he considered 
 right and true, he became an ardent abolitionist. His sermons and addresses against 
 the institution of slavery aroused such hostility that, in April, 18G1, he was obliged 
 to flee from Baltimore. 
 
 In 1819 Babbi Eice, of the Stadt Schule, was succeeded by Henry Hoch- 
 
 heimer. Eabbi Hochheimer was born on October 3, 1818, in Ansbach, J\[iddle 
 
 Franconia, Germanv. At the age of ten he Avent with his parents 
 
 Henry ' . & i 
 
 Hochheimer. ^0 Ichenhausen, where his father became rabbi. After studying in 
 the Lateinschule of Ansbach, under his grandfather, Moses Hoch- 
 heimer, and in the Augsburg gymnasium, he entered the University of Munich, 
 whence he was graduated with the doctor's degree in 1844. He then acted for five 
 years as his father's assistant in Ichenhausen. Eevolutionary addresses and articles 
 caused warrants to be issued against him, and he had to flee the country. Emi- 
 grating to America, he was invited, upon his arrival in New York, to become rabbi 
 of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. He served the Stadt Schule for ten years, 
 resigning in 1859 to accept the rabbinate of the Fell's Point Congregation, the views 
 of which were more in accord with his o\m, and where his leadership was accepted 
 with greater unanimity. Hochheimer was a man of learning and ability, and for half 
 a century a frequent contributor to the Jewish press; ainong his friends in Baltimore 
 he was famous as a wit. 
 
 12 
 
Two years after leavino- the Stadt Scliule, Eabbi Eice organized a small con- 
 gregation on Howard and Lexington Streets, for which he officiated as rabbi and 
 reader of the Torah. In 1862, when the Stadt Schiile was without 
 nabbi Rice. ^ rabbi, he returned to his old charge, refusing, however, half of 
 the thousand-dollar salary which the congi-egation offered him. He died on October 
 29, 1862, having officiated only a few months. 
 
 The Baltimore Sun and the German Correspond cvt of October 30, 1853, con- 
 tain the following advertisement : 
 
 ISRAELITES OP BALTIMORE — All you who 
 wish to joiu and become members of the NEW 
 SYNAGOGUE which is now about being started 
 are requested to attend a meeting which is to be 
 held at Mr. Philip Meyer's, in North Gat Street. 
 on TO-MORROW, October 30th, at 2 o'clock P. M. 
 
 All those who will attend the alwve-stated meet- 
 ing will also have the privilege to participate in 
 adopting the Laws. Rules and Regulations which will 
 be adopted ; also to elect the officers for said con- 
 gregation. 
 
 Philip Herzberg, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 At this meeting twenty-odd men organized the Oheb Shalom Congregation, 
 
 ■electing Julius Stiefel president. One of the reasons for the formation of the new 
 
 congregation Avas a desire for conservative reform. The officers of the 
 
 Oheb Shalom ^^^^^ Schule refused to lend the members a scroll, on the ground 
 
 Congregation. ' oi t 
 
 that Oheb Shalom was an enemy of existing institutions. Succeeding 
 in borrowing a scroll of the law from Mr. N. A. Schloss, of Georgetown, the Oheb 
 Shalom Congregation held services in the third story of Osceola Hall, at the north- 
 east corner of Gay and Lexington Streets, Isaac Hamburger officiating as reader 
 until Beverend Altmeyer was elected cantor. The congregation showed its enter- 
 prising and progressive spirit b}^ advertising its hours of service in the daily papers, 
 and its membership increased at a marvelous rate. 
 
 Eeverend Salomon became preacher of the congregation in March, 1854, but 
 he held the position less than a year. Little is known of Salomon; he is said to 
 have been a native of eastern Prussia, and a man of unusual ability. The confirma- 
 tion of a large class of boys and girls, during his tenure of office, marked "an im- 
 portant step toward reform." In 1854 Abram Lissner succeeded Altmeyer as can- 
 tor; two years later S. M. Landsberg was elected rabbi. Under him the congrega- 
 tion took a first step in ritual reform, resolving to omit the SJdr ha-Yichud in the 
 Sabbath morning service. Ill health forced Landsberg to resign in 1857. The con- 
 gregation determined to secure a synagogue before electing a new rabbi. A church 
 on Hanover Street, between Pratt and Lombard, was purchased and remodeled, and 
 on April 13, 1858, dedicated by Eev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise, of Cincinnati, Ohio. Two 
 weeks later the congregation procured an organ and introduced a choir. Desiring 
 now to secure a rabbi of first rank, the congregation published notices in the Jewish 
 journals of America and Europe. From among many applicants. Dr. Lewisohn, of 
 Worms, was chosen. After being elected, however, Lewisohn reconsidered his appli- 
 •cation, and Abraham Geiger also declined the position when it was proffered to him. 
 Lewisohn now recommended Benjamin Szold, who had just been called to the rabbi- 
 nate of a Stockholm congregation, which LcAvisohn himself desired to occupy. He 
 persuaded Szold to accept an invitation to come to Baltimore, and sent to Oheb 
 Shalom such hearty recommendation and such convincing endorsements that Szold 
 was elected rabbi of the Baltimore congregation. 
 
 13 
 
^^ 
 
 RKV. DR. WILLIAM ROSENAXT 
 
 14 
 
Benjamin Szold was born on November 15, 1829, at Xemiskert, Neutra Ko- 
 mistat, Hungary. Although his parents were the only Jews in the village, he began 
 the study of Bible, Mishnah, and Talmud at an early age. After at- 
 SzoieT'"'" tending the famous Presburg Yeshihali, he was given the title Morena 
 
 at the early age of fourteen. In 1848, Szold took up his residence in 
 Vienna, in order to continue his studies, but participation in revolutionary activities 
 obliged him to leave the Austrian capital in the same year. From 1849 to 1855 he 
 tutored in private families; one of his pupils was Fraulein Sophie Schaar, who later 
 became his wife. In the following three years he attended the University of Bres- 
 lau, officiating as rabbi during the holidays in Brieg and Glogau, Silesia, and in 
 Stockholm, Sweden. The congregation of each of these towns offered him the posi- 
 tion of rabbi; but, persuaded by M. Lewisohn, by Zacharias Frankel, the head of the 
 Breslau Seminary, and by other friends, he decided to accept the call of the Oheb 
 Shalom Congregation of Baltimore. 
 
 The numerical growth and the spiritual strength for which the Oheb Shalom 
 Congregation acquired a wide reputation were due chiefly to the efforts and the char- 
 acter of the man who was its sole rabbi for thirty-four years and rabbi emeritus for 
 nine years. Dr. Szold's interpretation of Judaism appealed to the many who were 
 dissatisfied with orthodoxy, but were unwiling to adopt the radical reform of Ein- 
 horn, Adler, Ilirsch, and Wise. His activities extended beyond his pulpit. He was 
 an earnest worker, and often a leader in the charitable institutions of the city. When, 
 during the Civil War, a Jew who had been sentenced to death as a deserter appealed 
 to him for help, he visited Lincoln and then went to General Meade's headquarters 
 in West Virginia. The Eussian immigrants who flocked to his home in the eighties 
 found in Dr. Szold and his family earnest helpers and friends. Szold's strangth and 
 courage inspired respect, his learning and ability gave him influence, his liberality 
 won him esteem, and his generosity and true philanthropy made him beloved by 
 thousands who found in their friend a master and a guide. 
 
 Before Szold came to Baltimore, the Oheb Shalom Congregation had adopted 
 the Minliag Amerilia in the place of the Roedelheim Tefillah; but, only one volume 
 of this prayer-book having been published, the old book was used on the holidays. 
 Szold pointed out the inconsistency of using two difEerent rituals, and, after wait- 
 ing in vain for the publication of the Minhag Amerika, he undertook the commis- 
 sion of compiling a prayer-book himself. The Ahodath Israel, published in 1861, 
 which well represents the Judaism for which Szold stood, was soon adopted by many 
 congregations throughout the country. Besides writing a number of religious books 
 for use in Jewish homes and schools, Eabbi Szold made scholarly contributions to 
 Jewish literature, many of which have not been published. His Commentary on 
 Job, written in the purest rabbinical Hebrew, is especially notable. Dr. Szold died 
 on July 31, 1902. 
 
 In 18G6, Alois Kaiser was elected cantor of the Oheb Shalom Congregation. 
 Kaiser was born on November 10, 1840, near Vienna, Austria. He received his early 
 education in a congregational religious school, under Dr. Henry Zirn- 
 ■^^iser. dorf, who later came to America, in the public school and high school 
 
 of Vienna, and in the Teachers' Seminary and the Conservatory of 
 Music. When he showed musical talent and an inclination to enter the service of 
 the synagogue, his father took him to Solomon Sulzer. The great cantor was highly 
 pleased with his voice, placed him in his choir, a^d for eight years took charge of 
 his musical training. At the age of nineteen, he became assistant cantor in one of 
 the synagogues of Vienna. Four years later he became cantor of the "New Temple" 
 of Prague. All the time which he could spare from his duties he devoted to the dili- 
 
 15 
 
gent study of niiisic niid litiirg}', Id IniiniiiL;- his voito, niii! to flovolopiiiof his talent 
 for composing synagogue musie. 
 
 Cari'ying out his ambition of |»irscr\ iiig the traditional music of the synagogue, 
 TCaisev raised the musical services of the Ohcb Shalom Congregation to a high stand- 
 ai-d, and was soon I'ccognized as the greatest cantor of America. He published, with 
 several other men, the Zimnith Yah (1ST1-1 S.SO)^ a four-volume collection of music 
 wliich is largely of his own composition, lie was one of the compilers of the volume 
 of music published by the Jewish Women's Congress which met in Chicago in 1893, 
 and of the Union Ifymnal, ])repared by tlie Society of American Cantors, or which 
 he was a foundei-, and for several years president. The Central Conference of Amer- 
 ican ]^abbis, which ])ul)lished tiie IJymnal, elected him an honorary member, in rec- 
 ognition of his distinguished services to the synagogue. M i'. Kaiser was actively in- 
 terested in the charitable institutions of the city, esiDecially in the Hebrew 
 Education Soci(!ty, of which he was for many years president. He died on January 
 5, ]'J()S. 
 
 A few years after the organization of the Oheb Shalom Congregation, a Sc- 
 furdlc Congregation was formed. The Cohens and the Ettings were of German-Eng- 
 lish descent, but their parents and grandparents, upon settling in 
 
 .. America, had, in the absence of German congregations, affiliated tliem- 
 
 Cong^regation. ' ^ . o o ^ 
 
 selves with Portuguese congregations. The younger generations were 
 accustomed to the Sefardic Minliag, and when the German Jews of Baltimore estah- 
 lished congregations, they preferred holding services at home to attending a syna- 
 gogue which used the slightly different Aslihenazic ritual. In the course of years, a 
 few Poi-tuguese Jews had settled in Baltimore, and, in 185G, these and the members 
 of the Cohen and Etting families organized, under the leadership of Solomon Nunes 
 Carvalho, the Sefardic Congregation Beth Israel, of -which Jacob M. De Solla became 
 rabbi. There were not, however, enough Sefardim in Baltimore to support a perma- 
 nent synagogue, and, allci' two years of existence, the congregation was dissolved. 
 At about the same time, Mrs. Solomon N. Carvalho, with several young ladies 
 of the 1^'iting and Cohen families, established a Sunday school for instruction in 
 
 th(! ])rinciples of conservative Judaism, taking as a pattern Miss 
 ^choo^ir Gi'atz's school in Philadelphia, where Mrs. Carvalho had been a 
 
 teacher. This school, which was attended by hundreds of pupils, was 
 the lii'st fi'ee Hebrew school in Baltimore; but it was not the fii'st Hel)rew school, 
 Pabbi Pice having conducted a school in his synagogue. The first regular Hebrew 
 teacher in Baltimore seems to have been Joseph Sachs, a native of Bavaria, who, 
 from about 184S to 1850, conducted a school in the IJoyd Street synagogue under 
 the auspices of the Stadt Schule. He was assisted by tin' I'abbi and by several other 
 teaehei's; insti'uction was given in liCbi-ew, (Jei'uian, and English, a Mr. Beale being 
 the teacher of ]^]nglish. At al)out tin- same time, Samuel B. Gump conducted a 
 similar congregational school in the Eden Street synagogue. 
 
 ''J'he best known of the Hebrew teaehei's of fifty years ago, and the most suc- 
 cessful, was Jonas Goldsmith, who was born in Westheim, l^avaria, in 1823, and 
 
 came to Baltimore at tlu; ag(> of I iii i(y-si\. IJel'ore coming to America 
 Gohismith ""^^ ^"' ^^'"^ employed as teacher and I'eader by tlu; Jewish congregation of 
 
 I lamnidburg. Goldsmith was a graduate of the University of 
 Wlirzburg, and had I'ceeived, besides, a thorough Hebrew training. In 1859 he 
 started a school in the Eden Street synagogue, which soon had so many pupils that 
 he was obliged to employ a stall' of five teachers. The pupils' parents were expected 
 to pay for their tuition, but he had many free scholars. In 1864, when many hun- 
 dreds attended his scIidoI, he was persuaded by Rabbi Szold to move "up-town," 
 
 1(1 
 
into the vestry rooms of the JJanover Street synagogue. For many years practically 
 all the Jewish boys and girls of Baltimore went to him for religious and secular in- 
 struction. Pupils came also from other citieS;, for Goldsmith's was one of the lead- 
 ing Jewish schools in the country, rivalling Sachs's school in New York. When free 
 public schools were established in Baltimore, they drew away many of his pupils, and 
 in 1874 Goldsmith disbanded his school. From this time until his death, in 1886, 
 he was secretary of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. 
 
 In February, 1852, in order to provide the children of indigent parents with 
 secular and religious education, a "Society for Educating Poor and Oi'phan Plebrew 
 
 Cliildren" was founded. The society sent its wards to the various 
 Hebrew scliools already in existence; for a time it seems to have conducted 
 
 s^cieV" '^ school of its own under Seligman Goodman. The society intended, 
 
 according to the original constitution, to determine the vocation of each 
 cliild placed in its charge, but this purpose was not carried out. In 1889 the society 
 conducted a night school and a day school, and sent other pupils to the daily He- 
 brew school of the Lloyd Street congregation and to the Oheb Shalom Sabbath 
 School. 
 
 In 1900 the society discarded its cumbrous name and was reorganized as the 
 Hebrew Education Society. Three years later the Education Society purchased a 
 building at the corner of Aiscjuith and Jackson Streets, and re-established its school. 
 In 1909 a school for the training of Hebrew teachers was added. Dr. Samson Ben- 
 derly, the superintendent, assisted by seven teachers, now conducts a school in which 
 over three hundred pupils are taught Hebrew by the "natural" method, and are in- 
 structed in other Jewish subjects. 
 
 With the growth of the community, the woi'k of the Assistance Society in- 
 creased, and in 1856 the society was reorganized under the direction of its president, 
 
 William S. Payner, and was incorporated as the Hebrew Benevolent 
 Hebrew Society of Baltimore. For many years the society's work was in 
 
 societ"^^" the hands of a number of "managers," who visited all the applicants 
 
 for charity, and, after investigation, gave them orders on the treas- 
 urer. At present the society relieves its beneficiaries at their homes, thus saving their 
 self-respect and, at tlie same time, giving the society's agents better opportunities for 
 investigation. Funds were derived from the annual dues of members (three dollars 
 a year at first) and from the money subscribed at the society's annual banquet. The 
 society's first quarters were on what is now Post-OfFice Avenue. In 1900 the 
 Benevolent Society and the I^adies' Sewing Society purchased a large building on 
 West Fayette Street. 
 
 The ]lel)rew Ladies' Sewing Society was formed in the same year in which the 
 Benevolent Society was reorganized. The young ladies who organized the society 
 
 received scant encouragement at first; but after a few years many 
 Sewing Society ^^tl'*^i*s joined them, and they met regularly to make clothes for the 
 
 poor, ap[)licants coming each week to the hall in which the ladies 
 met to be supplied with the garments that had been cut and sewed. The society 
 has followed the example of otlic]' institutions and now employs an agent who visits 
 the pensioners in their homes and sends the required assistance. The ladies did not 
 content themselves with sewing, but collected money for charitable purposes by im- 
 posing annual dues and by securing subscriptions at their annual banquet and balls. 
 The Sewing Society, though an independent organization, has always co-operated 
 with the Hebrew Benevolent Society. 
 
 17 
 
RliV. DU. ADOLF CiUTTMAClIEE 
 
 IS 
 
The death of a poor Jew whom the Benevolent Society had placed in a Chris- 
 tian hospital, unattended even by the presence of a co-religionist, gave the first im- 
 pulse to the movement which finally established the Hebrew Hospital. 
 Hebrew ^|- ^ meeting of the Benevolent Society, and at a mass meeting of Jews, 
 
 ^^^ * ■ individuals and societies contributed funds to erect an asylum for 
 
 the sick and aged, and in 1866 the corner-stone of the new institution's building 
 was laid. The hospital grew so rapidly that it was deemed best to let it have a sepa- 
 rate organization, instead of continuing under the auspices of the Benevolent So- 
 ciety, and in 1868 it was incorporated as the HebreAV Hospital and Asylum Associa- 
 tion. In 1886 the building was enlarged by the addition of a wing, and in 1908 the 
 equipment of the hospital was more than doubled by the Samuel Leon Prank Me- 
 morial Building, erected by Bertha Eayner Frank (the daughter of William S. Ea}'- 
 ner) and dedicated to the memory of her husband. x\t about the same time a laun- 
 dry building and several other small buildings were erected on the hospital grounds. 
 The old building is now used as a home for the aged, the Frank Memorial Building 
 being devoted entirely to the care of the sick. The hospital maintains a free dis- 
 pensary, an outdoor clinic, and a training school for nurses. 
 
 Almost the earliest evidence of Jews in Baltimore is the mention of ''the Jews' 
 Burying Ground" among "Mr. Carroll's claims." The Irish Chevra, perhaps the 
 oldest Jewish organization in Baltimore, was largely, if not chiefly, a burial society, 
 conducting funerals and paying the bereaved family a benefit that they might he 
 able to observe strictly the prescribed period of mourning. The Baltimore Hebrew 
 Congregation bought a cemetery two years after it was incorporated, and the other 
 congregations also acquired burial grounds soon after their organization. The 
 proper preparation and burial of the body of his dead has always been a matter 
 of great concern to the Jew. 
 
 Before the establishment of tlie Free Burial Society, the burial of poor Jews 
 depended upon the efi^orts of a few individuals, who were aided by the Benevolent 
 Society, by the Ladies' Sewing Society, which furnished shrouds, and 
 Burial Society, '^y ^^^® Congregations, which provided, in turn, graves in their ceme- 
 teries. In 1867, Jacob Goldenberg, Israel Posninsk}^, and a few others 
 collected some funds, and attended regularly to the funerals of the poor. Two years 
 later, they organized the Hebrew Free Burial Society. Johns Hopkins offered the 
 society an acre of land on Harford Eoad as a burying ground, but this offer 
 was declined because the society did not wish to l)ury all the poor together, as in a 
 "potter's field." A short time later, however, a plot in one of the cemeteries 
 was accepted. The Oheb Shalom Congregation Avas the first to have family lots in 
 its cemetery. Jonas Friedenwald, who succeeded S. Fiteman as president of the 
 society, had bought a lot in this cemetery; and when the Baltimore Hebrew Congre- 
 gation, of which he was a member, divided its cemetery into family plots, he gave 
 his plot in the Oheb Shalom cemetery to the Burial Society. The society exchanged 
 it for a larger piece of ground in a less favored part of the cemetery, and later, Ijy 
 gift and by purchase, acquired ])lots in other cemeteries. As in all the charity 
 institutions, the directors of the Free Burial Society were in the beginning its 
 active managers, personally arranging and attending the funerals of the poor. Now- 
 adays, when a poor family needs its services, a telephone message to the society's 
 headquarters in the building of the Benevolent Society summons an agent, who is 
 employed to take charge of funerals. 
 
 19 
 
Several attempts were made to establish a Jewish orphan asylum in Baltimore, 
 notably by the B "nai B'rith, one of the officers of which presided at a large meeting 
 at which a considerable sum of money was subscribed for founding a 
 As??um. •'^^"^^ ^°^' orphans. Dr. Szold and other leaders pointed out the urgent 
 
 necessity of an orphan asylum, and when the Benevolent Society, the 
 oldest and largest Jewish charitable society of the city, undertook, in 1872, to es- 
 tablish such an institution, ample financial support was quickly secured, the sub- 
 scrf^tion of Alfred J. Ulman being especially liberal. ^Iv. and Mrs. William S. Eay- 
 ner gave the society a piece of gi-ound at Calverton Heights, on the outskirts of the 
 city. Five children for whom the Benevolent Society had been caring were put, with 
 five other homeless children, into the charge of Eabbi Abraham Hofmann, who be- 
 came the superintendent of the Orphan Asylum. A year after its dedication, the 
 building of the Asylum was destroyed by fire, but a new home was quickly erected, 
 chiefly with funds secured at a great fair held in the Concordia Opera House. The 
 Imildings of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum now include the Hannah U. Cahn Me- 
 morial Building, which was erected by Bernard Cahn, and is used as a gymnasium, 
 and a manual training school built by Bertha Eayner Frank as a memorial to her 
 husband. The hundred inmates of the asylum attend a public school in the neigh- 
 borhood, and are instructed, in the asylum, in Hebrew and German. Eev. Samuel 
 Freudenthal has been the superintendent of the institution since 1887. 
 
 x4.fter Einhom left Baltimore, the pulpit of the Har Sinai Congregation was 
 occupied for eleven years by Eabbi S. Deutsch, who was succeeded, in 1873, by Jacob 
 Mayer. While Mayer was serving as rabbi, it became known that he 
 co^ngr^egation ^^^^ ^^^^ Converted to Christianity in England a number of years be- 
 fore. His denials and the loyal defense of his friends did not daunt 
 his accusers ; and when it was proven that he was an apostate, he was asked to re- 
 sign. The controversy which followed the charges against him was very bitter, and 
 led many to withdraw from the congregation. Eabbi Emil G. Hirsch, who was 
 called to Baltimore in 1877, was succeeded by Eabbi Samuel Sale, who remained 
 with the congregation from 1878 to 1883. Eabbi David Philipson, who had just 
 been graduated in the first class of the Hebrew Union College, and who succeeded 
 Sale, established Sunday services in the Har Sinai Congregation, lecturing at first 
 on every other Sunday evening, and, later, holding regular morning ser-\dces every 
 Sunday. He was succeeded in 1888 by Eabbi Tobias Shanfarber, who was himself 
 succeeded in 1898 by Eabbi Charles Eubenstein. 
 
 In 1874, the Har Sinai Congregation removed from its synagogue on High Street 
 to a building which it purchased on Lexington Street, near Pine. Twenty years 
 later, a new house of worship was dedicated on Bolton Street. 
 
 Under the guidance of its rabbi, the Oheb Shalom Congregation became gradu- 
 ally and conservatively more reformed. In 1867 the second days of holidays were 
 no longer observed, and the Misheberacli was abolished. Two years 
 Oheb Shalom ]ater a number of changes were made in tlie ritual : the president and 
 
 Congregation. . . , "^ 
 
 Vice-president were to assist in taking out the scrolls, instead of sum- 
 moning mem])ers from their pews for this service; only one scroll Avas to be used on 
 the holidays, except on Simckoth Torah; the members were no longer to wear the 
 Talith,; those who said Kaddish were to stand at tluMv i)ews instead of coming to the 
 pulpit; the El Maleracliamim was abolished, and the cantor was henceforth to face 
 the congregation when ho read the prayers. In 1810 the congregation worshipped 
 for a time in the New Asseml)ly Eooms, while the synagogue was rel)uilt. A few 
 years later a congregational religious school was established. 
 
 In 1879 Julius Stiefel, who had been the president of the congregation since 
 
 20 
 
it was formed, was succeeded by Isaac Stroiise, to whose ability and labors the con- 
 gregation largely owes its material prosperity. When Dr. Szold had been with the 
 congregation for a quarter of a century he was elected rabbi for life. For the 
 younger members of the congregation he now preached in English once a month. 
 In 1891 he preached on alternate Sabbaths in English and German, the prayers 
 usually read in German being read in English when he preaclied in English. 
 
 For many years after its organization, the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation 
 was strictly orthodox; when Eabbi Eice, in 1845, suggested the omission of some 
 of the Piyutim in the service, his proposal was rejected, although 
 Baltimore fifteen 3'^ears later most of these poems were abolished. In 1850 the 
 
 Hebrew congregation passed a law requiring its officers to keep their places of 
 
 Reforms. business closcd on the second days of holidaj's ; the congregation was 
 
 staunch in its orthodoxy, but some of its members were evidently in- 
 clining towards reform or becoming lax. Eabbi Hochheimer introduced a con- 
 firmation service for boys and girls, which Eice had denounced as a Gentile institu- 
 tion. After 1866 the Haftarah was read in German instead of Hebrew. In 1859 
 Eabbi Hochheimer was succeeded by Bernhard Illoway, a native of Kolin, Bohemia, 
 who had attended the school of Moses Sopher in Presburg, received the doctor's de- 
 gree from the University of Budapest, and studied at the rabbinical college in Padua, 
 and who had been obliged by political conditions to leave his native country. Emi- 
 grating to xlmerica, he occupied rabbinical positions in New York, Philadelphia, St. 
 Louis, Baltimore, Xew Orleans, Syracuse and Cincinnati. An accomplished linguist, 
 an eloquent preacher, a learned Talmudist, a writer of Hebrew poetry, and a fre- 
 quent contrilmtor to the Jewish press, Illoway was one of the ablest champions of 
 orthodoxy in America. He remained with the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation for 
 only two years, resigning in 1861 to go to New Orleans. 
 
 Eabbi Eice then returned to his old pulpit, but death summoned him after a 
 few months of service. During the six years that followed, the congregation had no 
 rabbi, the number of members diminished greatly, and the congregation lost its posi- 
 tion of first importance. Al)raham Hofmann, who became the rabbi of the Balti- 
 more Hebrew Congregation in 1868, was born in Dittlofsroda, Bavaria, on August 
 20, 1822, and received his rabbinical education in Wiirzlmrg. He left the pulpit of 
 the "Stadt Schule" in 1873 to become the superintendent of the newly established 
 Orphan Asylum. In 1876, he accepted a rabbinical position in Eiclimond, where he 
 died two years later. 
 
 For a number of years there had been some tendency in the congregation 
 
 towards reform ; in 1860, when Isaac M. "Wise, of Cincinnati, visited Baltimore, he 
 
 wrote in his "Israelite" : "Though the Lloyd Street congregation is 
 
 Reform and nominally orthodox, the large maioritv favor reform." A decided step 
 
 Schism. t/ - o .J . -L 
 
 was proi^osed in 1870, when a number of the members urged the 
 adoption of the moderate reforms recommended by the Leipzig Synod of the previous 
 j^ear, in order "that the religious life of the congregation may not suffer." These 
 reforms M'ere rejected; a few months later, hoAvever, a number of changes in the 
 ritual, which were earnestly advocated by Eabbi Hofmann, were adopted by a de- 
 cisive majority. The conservative minority would proliably have acquiesced, if tlTe 
 measure had not included, among minor innovations, the introduction of a mixed 
 choir, which had long been the subject of contention, and which had been the 
 most important innovation in the rejected proposal. On the ground that so radical 
 an innovation violated a clause in the congregation's charter, the men who had 
 opposed reform petitioned the Circuit Court of Baltimore to enjoin the officers of 
 the congregation from intrducing any changes in the service. The case was re- 
 
 21 
 
^ 
 
 REV. DR. CHARLES A. RUBEXSTEIN 
 
 22 
 
ferret! to an examiner, and there was considerable controversy before the two parties 
 agreed amicably to disagree. The dissatisfied members resigned from the Stadt 
 Schule and formed a congregation of their own. With the resignation of most of 
 the orthodox element, the progress of reform became easier and more rapid. In 
 1873 family pews were introduced, the men and the women having before this oc- 
 cupied separate parts of the synagogue ; the members of the congregation ceased 
 wearing the Talith; members were no longer "called up" for the honor of assisting 
 with the scrolls; the three-year cycle of reading the Pentatuch was adopted, and the 
 Misheberachs and Ehnalemckamims were abolished. Five years later the Boedelheim 
 Tefilldli was superseded by the Szold-Jastrow prayer-book, and shortly thereafter 
 services were no longer held on the second days of the holidays. 
 
 In 1881, when the congregation had had no rabbi for eight years, Maurice 
 Fluegel was called to its pulpit. Eabbi Fluegel was born in Germany, and emigrated 
 at an early age to Eoumania. He studied at the Universities of Leipzig and Paris, 
 has held several rabbinical positions in the United States, and has published a num- 
 ber of books and essays on Jewish, Biblical, and religious subjects. He remained with 
 the Stadt Schule for only three years. 
 
 Two years after Eabbi Fluegel left its pulpit, Aaron Siegfried Bettelheim be- 
 came the rabbi of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. Bettelheim was born in 
 Lipto, Szt. Miklos, Hungary, on April 4, 1830. He studied in the 
 B^r^",v^" Presburg Yeshibah and other schools, and received a rabbinical diploma 
 
 from S. L. Eapoport. After officiating for a short time as rabbi, he 
 entered the University of Prague, whence he was graduated as a doctor of philosophy. 
 He then became a teacher and the editor of a political weekly. While rabbi in 
 Kaschau, he edited a Jewish weekl}^, and later a political periodical. His utterances 
 in the latter aroused such feeling against him that he decided to emigrate to 
 ximerica with his family. In 186? he was elected rabbi of a Philadelphia congre- 
 gation and a professor at the Maimonides College. Two years later he was elected 
 rabbi of the Beth Aliabah Congregation, of Eichmond, where he established and 
 edited a German weekly, and where he studied and was graduated at a medical col- 
 lege. In 1875 he was elected rabbi of a congregation in San Francisco, where he 
 also held several public offices. He came to Baltimore in 1887 and became identified 
 with a number of public and charitable institutions. He died on board ship, August 
 20, 1890, on his homeward journey from a visit to Europe. Bettelheim was a most 
 able, active, and versatile writer; his Avork includes contributions to the press, short 
 stories, and biblical criticism. 
 
 For twenty years the membership of the Stadt Schule had been steadily dimin- 
 ishing. In 1865 one hundred and sixty-five families were affiliated with the con- 
 gregation ; when Eabbi Fluegel left in 1884 there were only forty- 
 Baltimore eight. The spiritual leadership of the congregation changed hands 
 Hebrew frequently, and there were several long intervals when there was 
 Deciine^Vnd' ^^^ rabbi. These facts must have been partly the cause and partly 
 Growth. the result of the diminution in the number of members. Another 
 cause for the decrease was the removal of the Jews to other parts of 
 the city. Those who moved to the west were near the Oheb Shalom synagogue 
 on Hanover Street, where Szold and Kaiser were earnestly laboring. The congrega- 
 tion was in desperate straits, when its president, Mr. Samuel Frank, united with 
 Dr. Bettelheim in urging the members to build a new synagogue in the northwestern 
 section of the city, to which many Jews had removed. In 1889, the congregation 
 sold its synagogue on Lloyd Street, in which it had worshipped for forty-four years, 
 and two years later dedicated a new synagogue on Madison Avenue. Under Rabbi 
 
 23 
 
Adolf Guttnuiclier, who succeeded Bettelheini, the coniiregation luis taken on new 
 life. 
 
 In 1893, Dr. Szold was elected rabbi emeritus of the Oheb Shalom Congrega- 
 tion, and was succeeded by Eabbi William Rosenuui. In the following year, the con- 
 gregation moved to its new house of worship on Eutaw Place. Rev. Alois Kaiser, 
 who died in 1908, after more than forty years of serv^ice, was succeeded by Eev. 
 Jacob Schuman. 
 
 The men who resigned from the Stadt Schule in 1870 because of the intro- 
 duction of reforms organized the Chizuk Emunah Congregation. After worship- 
 ping for five years in Exeter Hall, on Exeter Street, near Fayette, 
 chizuk ^^,-^]:^ j^Q^ L Heilner as cantor, the congregation built a synagogue 
 
 on Lloyd Street, near the home of the Stadt Schule. Rabbi Henry 
 W. Schneeberger, of New York, led the dedication exercises ; the members of the con- 
 gregation were so favorably impressed with him that, although they had had no in- 
 tention of securing a rabbi, they invited him to become their leader. A few vears 
 later Rev. Herman Glass became the cantor. Jonas Friedenwald, who had been, 
 wdth Philip Herzberg, especially active in the organization of the congregation and 
 in the work of building the synagogue, succeeded Judali Rosewald as president, and 
 was himself succeeded by his son. Dr. Aaron Friedenwald, who refused, however, to 
 occupy the president's chair on the pulpit during his father's life time. Because of 
 the active interest of several members of the Friedenwald family in the congrega- 
 tion, it is frequently called "Friedenwald's Schule." In order to preclude such in- 
 novations as had led to their secession from the Stadt Schule, the founders of the 
 Chizuk Emunah have inserted a clause in theii" constitution that any memljer who 
 proposes a reform in the service shall cease thereby to be a member. 
 
 In 1895 the Chizuk Emunah Congregation moved up-town, erecting a synagogue 
 at the corner of McCulloh and Mosher Streets. A few years later Michael S. Levy, 
 who had been an active worker and leader, especially in the building of the new 
 synagogue, succeeded Dr. Friedenwald as the president of the congregation. 
 
 After Rabbi Rice's death in 1862, the congregation which he had organized 
 divided, some of the members continuing to worship on Howard Street, others 
 holding services on Eutaw Street. In 1879 the two factions reunited 
 Congregation^ under the name of the Shearith Israel Congregation, and erected a 
 synagogue on Green and German Streets. Rev. Dr. Schepsel Schaffer 
 has been the rabbi of the congregation since 1893. In 1903 a new synagogue was 
 built at McCulloh and Bloom Streets. 
 
 In 1859, when Rabbi Hochheimer resigned from the Lloyd Street congrega- 
 tion, he was immediately invited to become the rabbi of the Fell's Point Congrega- 
 tion, and he occupied its pulpit until, in 1892, he was made rabbi 
 congregaWon. emeritus. Hoclilieimer and Szold were intimate friends, and their 
 congregations took similar positions between orthodoxy and radical 
 reform. In 1871 Hocheimer collaborated with Szold on a new edition of the 
 "Abodath Israel," and shortly thereafter the Eden Street congregation adopted this 
 prayer book. After Hochheimer's retirement in 1892, Wolff Willner was rabbi of 
 the "P'int Schule" for two years. He was succeeded by Clifton H. Levy, who was 
 followed, two years later, by Rabbi M. Rosenstein. 
 
 For a decade the migration of the Jews to other sections of the city had been 
 diminishing the membership of the "P'int Schule." In 1890, when the Stadt Schule 
 resolved to move up-town, it had proposed that the two oldest congregations in the 
 city should unite and build a new synagogue in the northwestern section of the 
 city. At this time, however, a large number of the Point members still lived down- 
 
 24 
 
town, and these succeeded in having tlie overtures rejected. As members of the Eden 
 Street congregation moved up-town, they affiUated with the Madison Avenue or the 
 Eutaw Place congregations, the majority with the former. These constant defec- 
 tions probably helped to keep tlie "down-towners" always in the majority in the 
 councils of the congregation. Finally the congregation was too small to maintain 
 itself, and in 1899 it was dissolved. Desiring to preserve the cemetery which they had 
 used for a generation, a number of the former members had themselves incorporated 
 in this year as the owners of the Hebrew Friendship Cemetery. 
 
 Eabbis Levy, Eosenau, and Shanfarber were, in 1895, the founders and first 
 editors of the Jeivislt Comment, a weekly journal of high character, which is now 
 edited by Mr. Louis H. Levin. Besides the Sinai and the Comment, 
 PubHcations ^^^® following Jewish periodicals have been published in Baltimore : 
 The Jetvish Chronicle (1875-77) ; Der Fortschritt (Yiddish, June- 
 July, 1890) ; Dcr Baltimore I sraelit (Yiddish, 1891-93) ; Ila-Pisgah (Hebrew, 1891- 
 93, continued in Chicago) ; Der ]yegweiser (Yiddish, 1896). 
 
 The Jews of Baltimore did not occupy themselves solely with the organization 
 of congregations and the establishment of charitable institutions. Although these 
 activities may have been deemed more important then than now, they 
 Activities. *''^^ ^^°^ preclude a development of the lighter side of life. A Young 
 
 Men's Hebrew Association, the Hebrew Young Men's Literary Society, 
 and the Mendelssohn Literary Society flourished in the fifties ; twenty years later the 
 Beacon Lights, a literary and social organization, had many members. And there 
 must have been many social and semi-social clubs of which record is lost and recol- 
 lection has died out. 
 
 A society of unusual longevity was the Harmony Circle, which was organized 
 in 18G0. The members disbanded on the outbreak of the Civil War, but reorganized 
 in 1864, electing Charles C Hutzler president, and David Hutzler 
 Circi^""^ the master of ceremonies. The Harmony Circle is to-day one of the 
 
 largest, as well as one of the oldest, Jewish social organizations in the 
 country. For nearly half a century it has given an annual series of fashionable balls, 
 for the last twenty yeai's, mider the efficient management of Mr. Moses N. Frank. 
 
 The most important social functions in Baltimore Jewry took place under the 
 auspices of institutions which were serious in name and purpose. There w6re 
 many occasions on which the congregations and the charitable societies 
 rnd^Banquets^ gathered their members together, or even the entire Jewish com- 
 munity. When any deserving institution stood in special need of 
 funds, a great fair was organized for its benefit. Such a fair secured funds for the 
 Hebrew Hospital, and made possible the establishment of that institution. The great- 
 est affair of this kind was the magnificent bazaar held in 1878 for the benefit of the 
 Hebrew Orphan Asylum, which filled the halls of the Concordia Opera House for ten 
 days. Most of the charitable institutions depended for financial support less upon 
 the annual dues of their members than upon the money subscribed at annual festive 
 gatherings held for their benefit. The patrons of the Hebrew Hospital were in- 
 vited each year to a Simchath Torah festiyal and supper; the Ladies' Sewing So- 
 ciety held an annual calico ball. Most notable of all the year's gatherings, however, 
 was the banquet of the Hebrew Benevolent Society. For quite fifty years this ban- 
 quet was the gi-eatest social event of Baltimore Jewry. When the many hundreds 
 of giiests had finished the sumptuous dinner, they were addressed by men active in 
 the work of charity, and by the mayor, the^governor, and other men prominent in 
 public life. Last on the program came the filling of the subscription list. 
 
 We may call these methods of raising money wasteful and unscientific, but we 
 
26 
 
must remember that the banquets, fairs and balls had a twofold reason for existence, 
 for it was not solely to help the cause of charity that the people came together. 
 
 Most of the fairs and bazaars, balls and banquets were held in the Concordia 
 Opera House, which was for twenty years the center of Jewish social activities in 
 Baltimore. The society which erected and occupied the building was 
 The Concordia. ^^^ organized by Jews. "The Concordia German Society" was formed 
 by a number of Germans in 1864 for "moral, scientific, literary, dramatic, agri- 
 cultural and charitable purposes"; in the following year the members dedicated as 
 its home the handsome building which they had erected at the southwest corner of 
 Eutaw and German Streets. When Dickens visited Baltimore in 1868, he lectured 
 on the Concordia's platform; fashionable audiences filled its halls to hear famous 
 virtuosi; the best German and English threatrical troupes performed on its stage. 
 Some Jews joined the society soon after its organization, and its halls and gardens 
 were gradually more and more frequented by Jews, many attending regularly the 
 weekly concerts. Ideas and movements, plans and institutions were discussed here 
 at sociable gatherings; and when meetings were called to consider and execute pro- 
 jects, they were held in the Concordia. "The Concordia" was the greatest social in- 
 stitution that the Jews of Baltimore have ever had. It occupied an important place 
 in the community until, in 1891, the building was destroyed by fire. 
 
 After a futile attempt to reorganize the society, a number of former members 
 organized the Mercantile Club. In 1896 some of the members of the Mercantile 
 Club formed the Clover Club, which now has a handsome and well-equipped club 
 house on Madison Avenue. 
 
 The Phoenix Club, another social organization, was incorporated in 1886, hav- 
 ing been formed, in part, at least, by men who had resigned from the old Concordia 
 Club. It occupies a magnificent home on Eutaw Place, and is the 
 Suburban Clubs, fashionable social organization of Baltimore Jews. The Suburban 
 Club, organised in 1901, now has five hundred members, and maintains 
 an attractive club-house on its grounds at Park Heights and Slade Avenues, eight 
 miles from the city. 
 
 In the course of half a century, great changes took place among the Jews of 
 Baltimore — changes religious, social, and economic. The Har Sinai Congregation 
 has always been radically reformed; in the two largest congregations 
 ^^nd^Growth ^^ ^^® ^^^^> reform Judaism has progressed gradually and more con- 
 servatively. The Jews did not entirely lose the marks of their Ger- 
 man lurth ; many German features of Jewish life were retained. The first and sec- 
 ond generations used the German language in their homes; it was only in the nine- 
 ties that the reformed congregations substituted English for German in the prayers 
 and sermons. The younger generations, however, were natives in the land whose 
 tongue had been strange to their parents. Still members of the Jewish community, 
 they were a more homogeneous element of the larger community of Baltimore. 
 
 The most noteworthy development probably consisted in the economic advance 
 of the Jews. Erstwhile peddlers became wealthy merchants ; small store-keepers and 
 second-hand dealers became large manufacturers. Their sons had all the advan- 
 tages which America affords its citizens, and they used their opportunities. Many 
 have risen high in commercial circles; many others have entered the professions, 
 some have become active and prominent in public life. 
 
 27 
 
Xumcrical increase, economic improvement, and cliaiiiics in tlic city itself have 
 led tlio Jews to clian-re their places of residence. The lirst immigrants liad settled, 
 for the most part, in the eastern section of the city. In the sixties 
 Residence. Ldiiihard Street, l)etween Lloyd Street and the Bridge, was the center 
 
 (it the Jewish population, so far as such a center can be determined. 
 In the eighties a westward movement was under way, and soon many, if not most, of 
 the German Jews lived west of Greene Street on Lexington, Baltimore, German, 
 Lomliard and Hollins Streets, many as far west as Carey Street and Carrollton 
 Avenue. Fifteen years later another "migration"' had begun. From East Baltimore 
 and West Baltimore, Jews moved to the newer northwestern section of the city, where 
 practically all of the German Jews of Baltimore live to-day. Although the Jews are 
 far from segregated, there are many l)locks almost entirely populated by Jews and 
 manv sections are distinctly Jewish. iVU the German congregations are in the dis- 
 trict bounded by North Avenue, Bolton, Lanvale, and McCulloh Streets, a district 
 enni])rising about thirty-five city blocks. 
 
 In the eighties the Jewish population of Baltimore was augmented by an immi- 
 gration which soon left the Jcavs of German l)irth or descent in the minority. The 
 Iiussian May Laws of 1882, which restricted the Jews in their rights 
 Russian Jews. ^^ residence, hampered them in their commercial dealings, and 
 oppressed them in many other ways, resulted in hardships which drove large numbers 
 of Jews to America. The many immigrants who came to Baltimore settled, for 
 the most part, in the eastern section of the city, on the streets which the German 
 Jews were just leaving. There is almost a "colony" of Bussian Jews in southwest 
 Baltimore, and many have settled in other parts of the city ; Init the district in 
 East Baltimore is still the center of Eussian Jewish life in Baltimore. 
 
 The refugees of the eighties were not the first subjects of the Czar to settle in 
 Baltimore. The first distinct immigration of East European Jews came in the 
 sixties, when a number of Poles and Lithuanians settled in Baltimore. 
 Bikur choiim Although the services in the synagogues of their German co-religionists 
 were conducted in Hebrew, the newcomers found slight differences in 
 the ritual and liturgy. In addition, the fact that they spoke a different language 
 separated them somewhat from the older Jewish residents. In 18G5 they organized 
 the Bikur Choiim Congregation, worshipping at first in the building on Gay Street 
 which the Oheb Shalom Congregation had used some ten years before, then occupy- 
 ing successively two buildings on Exeter Street. The present quarters of the con- 
 gregation are in a residence on High Street, the gift of Abraham Harris, one of the 
 members. 
 
 Some years after the organization of the Congregation Bikur Choiim, dissen- 
 sions led most of the Lithuanian and some of the Polish members to withdraw. 
 These men formed the "Eussian Congregation Benai Israel,'' which now occupies 
 the old synagogue of the Chizuk Emunah Congregation, on Lloyd Street. 
 
 The great wave of Eussian immigration set in in 1882. Arriving in vast numbers, 
 and often in need of assistance, the immigrants were aided by the Benevolent Society 
 and the other charitable institutions of the city. It was not long, however, before 
 the new settlers had formed their own organizations. 
 
 The first institution that they established was a Hebrew school. When the 
 
 Talmud Torali had long outgrown the single room which was rented for its pupils, 
 
 adequate quarters were secured in a building on High Street. Yiddish, 
 
 Talmud Torah. , .\ . t , , ,, , ,. ,, t^ . . . _ , . ' 
 
 which continued to be the vernacular of the Eussian Jews m Baltimore, 
 was for many years used in this school ; the proposal to substitute English met with 
 strong opposition, many holding the jargon almost as sacred as Hebrew and as 
 
 28 
 
Judaism itself. It was chiefly through the efforts of Mr. Tancluini Silberman and 
 Eabbi William Eosenau that English was at last introduced. Those who could not 
 be reconciled to the change withdrew their support from the Talmud Torah and 
 formed a new school — the Talmud Torah Ve-he-Emunah. When the extinction of 
 the Talmud Torah seemed imminent, a few man undertook to rehabilitate the school 
 by securing a new home. With funds collected from l)oth down-town and up-town 
 Jews, a building on Baltimore Street, near Lloyd, was purchased and remodeled, 
 in which a daily Hebrew school, of which Eev. Elias Eabinowitz is superintendent, is 
 now attended by seven hundred pupils. The re-establishment of the Talmud Torah 
 is largely due to the work of Mr. Tanchum Silberman. Several societies have their 
 quarters in Talmud Torah Hall, which is becoming, even apart from the school, an 
 important institution. 
 
 The Hebrew Literary Society, founded by a number of jMaskilim, was one 
 
 of a number of organizations formed by Eussian Jews. Feeling the need of English 
 
 instruction for themselves and their immigrant brethren, its members, 
 
 Russian ^^,j|-| ^^ assistance of Miss Henrietta Szold, established a night school 
 
 Night School. ■ r T 
 
 in 1889. Miss Szold was the superintendent of the school until 1893, 
 when other duties forced her to resign. She was succeeded by Miss Grace Bendann 
 (Mrs. B. H. Hartogensis). This school rendered invaluable service, aiding five thou- 
 sand men, women and children in learning the English language, American history 
 and the rights and duties of American citizenship. The school was closed in 1897, 
 when its directors had been assured the city would establish similar night schools to 
 continue its work. 
 
 The Daughters in Israel, organized in 1890, conducts a Working Girls' Home, 
 the Frank Sabbath School and such classes and clubs as are usually found in settle- 
 ment houses. The Maccabean House, established in 1900 for the 
 Settlement purpose of keeping boys off the stre'ets at night, grew steadily until 
 
 more than a thousand boys and young men became members of the 
 clubs or classes which met in the House. The Daughters in Israel and the Macca- 
 beans amalgamated in 1909 under the name of the Jewish Educational i^lliance. 
 
 In 1890 renewed pogroms in Bussia increased the immigration which had 
 continued since the year of the May Laws. Ten or twelve of the Eussian Jews who 
 had settled in Baltimore formed a small organization to assist the 
 new immigrants. Collecting money from their acquaintances, thev 
 placed a number of poor men in boarding-houses and supported them a few days 
 to give them an opportunity of securing employment. The society was soon large 
 enough to purchase a house on Lombard Street, near Lloyd. Many old people who 
 had to support themselves peddled matches and trinkets in the streets ; a number of 
 these were sheltered by the society, which now assumed the name of the Hebrew 
 Friendly Inn and Aged Home. Outgrowing its quarters, the society secured a large 
 building on Aisquith Street, in which sixty aged men and women have found an 
 asylum. The Inn is the headquarters for the relief of poor Jews who spend only a 
 short time in Baltimore; all who apply for aid are given food and shelter for three 
 days. 
 
 The formation of the Hebrew Children's Sheltering and Protective Association 
 was somewhat similar to that of the Friendly Inn. Several men who saw a policeman 
 leading some homeless children to a public institution persuaded the 
 Children's officer to surrender the waifs to them and undertook to care for them. 
 
 Home^^*'^^ They were given, with several others, into the charge of a poor family 
 
 on Harrison Street. To provide a home for these and for other home- 
 less or neglected children a society was organized which collected a few large and 
 
 29 
 
OIIEB SHALOM TEMPI. E 
 
 30 
 
many small contributions and purchased a building on South High Street. When, 
 after two 3'ears, the society sheltered thirty children and a large number of appli- 
 cants could not be accommodated, a new home was bought at the corner of Lexing- 
 ton and Aisquith Streets. The society now cares for a hundred children, besides 
 giving financial aid to the widowed mothers of a dozen others. Again over- 
 crowded, the association has purchased a piece of ground on North Broadway, near 
 Baltimore Street, on which M. S. Levy and his sons have erected the Betsy Levy 
 Memorial Building. 
 
 In 1898 three philanthropic institutions were established: a Free Burial 
 
 Society, the Hebrew Emigrants' Protective Association and the Gemilath Chassodim, 
 
 or Free Loan Association. The Free Loan Society has enabled many 
 
 other men to help themselves, with slight expense to the community and 
 
 Charitable without obliging them to accept charity. Three years later the Young 
 
 Organizations. o& i -nir. 
 
 Ladies' Benevolent Society was organized by a group ot young women 
 who had supported an invalid girl and her brother and who then determined to 
 continue their good work. The society whicli they formed cares for many women 
 who require medical attendance. 
 
 When Eussian Jews came to Baltimore they came at once in such great numbers 
 that the immigrants from each town or district were able to organize a Dtinyan of 
 their own. This is probably one reason for the large number of con- 
 ongrega ions, gj-gggtions formed by East European Jews in Baltimore. In 1909 
 there were twenty-five Eussian congregations in the city. All of them are orthodox, 
 nearly all of them maintain schools and many have other societies connected with 
 them. A few have synagogues ; most of them hold services in the rooms of a dwell- 
 ing and have no regular rabbi. 
 
 The corporate names of several of the congregations indicate the European 
 homes of their founders. Most of the others bear, colloquially, the names of Eus- 
 sian towns or districts. The "Mikro Kodesh," which was formed in 1886, is better 
 known as the 'Tokroyer Schule"; the Aitz Chaim, which occupies the old Eden 
 Street Synagogue, is the "Proshnitz Schule"; the Beth Yakov bears the name 
 "Visheyer," and the Ohel Yakov is regularly known as the "Byalistoker Schule." 
 
 The most notable event of recent years in Baltimore Jewry is the federation 
 
 of the charitable institutions, a step which had been advocated and planned as early 
 
 as 1890 by men who were then active in communal work. As the old 
 Tederation of i.i i " ^ • • j? i n i i 
 
 Charities methods ot raising funds grew more and more unpopular, and came 
 
 to be considered wasteful as well as annoying, the subscribers became 
 convinced of the greater efficacy that would result from co-operation and a more 
 scientific administration. In 1906, the older institutions of the city, which had been 
 founded by German Jews, formed the Federated Jewish Charities, under the direc- 
 tion of Professor Jacob H. Hollander, who became the first president of the Fed- 
 eration. By a generous gift from Mr. Jacob Epstein, the Federation was enabled to 
 establish a Jewish Home for Consumptives, purchasing land near Eeisterstown, Bal- 
 timore County, on which have been erected the Jacob Epstein Sanatorium, the Solo- 
 mon Kami Memorial Cottage, and the Samuel and Emma Eosenthal Cottage. In 
 1907, the charitable societies which had been organized by Eussian Jews were fed- 
 erated under the name of the United Hebrew Charities. The existence of two fed- 
 erations is justified by practical reasons of expediency; the two organizations work 
 not merely in harmony, but in active co-operation. The centralized direction of their 
 philanthropic work has resulted indirectly in strengthening the communal conscious- 
 ness of the Jews of Baltimore. 
 
 31 
 
The history of the Jews of Baltimore, extending over a period of a century and 
 a quarter, is prol)ably a fair example of the growth and development of a Jewish 
 community in an American city. In another country and in another century, it 
 might be termed phenomenal, if a steady and orderly development can be so de- 
 scribed. We must make allowance for the growth of the city itself, but the Jews of 
 Baltimore have grown, in some senses, at least, even more rapidly. The innnigrants 
 of seventy years ago were, with scarcely an exception, obliged to struggle for a live- 
 lihood. Xo person who reads the signs on Baltimore's business streets or scans the 
 advertisements in the newspapers needs to be told of the high position which their 
 sons and grandsons occupy in commercial circles to-day. And the more recent immi- 
 grants are making even more rapid progress. 
 
 Since 1826, when Solomon Etting and Jacob T. Cohen, Jr., were elected to the 
 City Council, Jews have engaged in civic, as well as in commercial, activities. In 
 legislative halls, on the bench, at the bar, and in other offices, they have worked for 
 the common good, and, with physicians and other public servants, have sustained the 
 reputation of the Jew. 
 
 In two generations, the numbers of the Jews have increased a hundredfold. In 
 1901, Dr. George E. Barnett estimated, after careful investigations and computation, 
 that there were 25,000 Jews in Baltimore. In 1910, the number is probably between 
 40,000 and 50,000. 
 
 Baltimore is generally regarded a stronghold of conservative Judaism. That 
 the Jews in Baltimore are more conservative than their co-religionists in other 
 cities is due largely to the fact that Baltimore is itself conservative, in part, per- 
 haps, to the manner in which Jews settled in Baltimore, and in part, it may be, 
 to the fact that the first settlers came from religious communities in Europe and 
 were more religious than were many other immigrants. In large measure, how- 
 ever, the religious spirit which has always existed among the Jews of Baltimore is 
 due to the work of two men — Eabbi Kice and Eabbi Szold. The first was able to 
 imbue his people with that true spirit of orthodox Judaism which he so strongly felt. 
 When reform Judaism began to claim adherents in Baltimore, Szold, in directing 
 its ])rogress, kept it from obliterating all traces of orthodox Judaism, and kept alive 
 tliat sympathy with the fathers wliicli is the keystone of conservatism. 
 
 MyUic>r l^jiAAA^' 
 
 Bibliography: Jeirish Encyclopedia, Art. "Baltimore," by Miss Henrietta Szold; ibid.,. 
 Art. "Maryland," by Professor Jacob H. Hollander (for the "Jew Bill") : ibid., biographical 
 articles, passim; American Jewish Year Book, published by the Jewish Publication Society of 
 America (biographical data); Isaac Markens, "Hebrews in America"; Eev. Dr. William 
 Rosenau, History of the Oheb Shalom Congregation; Rev. Dr. Adolf Guttmacher, History of 
 the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation; Jewish Exponent, 1889, a series of articles by Mr. Ben- 
 jamin H. Hartogensis on the Jewish charitable institutions of Baltimore; files of Baltimore 
 newspapers, and of the Jewish Exponent. 
 
 The writer gratefully acknowledges his indebtedness to Miss Josephine Etting, ^Ir. Mendes 
 Cohen, Mr. Solomon Collmus, Mr. Philip Herzberg, Mr. Henry S. Hartogensis, Rev. Herman 
 Glass, Mr. Tanchum Silberman, Mr. Benjamin H. Hartogensis, and a number of others wha 
 supplied him with interesting data. He is also indebted for helpful suggestions to Miss Hen- 
 rietta Szold and Rev. Dr. William Rosenau. 
 
\ 
 
 RELIGIOUS LIFE OF BALTIMORE JEWS 
 
 By Eev. Db. Charles A. Eubexsteix. 
 
 THE religious life of Baltimore Jews gives scope for a very interesting study. 
 Starting with a few scattered Jewish families in the early part of the last 
 century the Jewish community of Baltimore today exhibits a congregational activ- 
 ity that has long been noted in the religious history of American Jews. Without 
 taking into consideration the religious institutions maintained by recent or com- 
 paratively recent Jewish settlers in Baltimore, of which there is a very large num- 
 ber, five large congregations, all in a flourisliing condition, testify to the uniform 
 religious activity that has characterized Baltimore Jewish families through three 
 successive generations. What is especially noteworthy is the fact that this relig- 
 ious development has been of a varied kind, showing that the religious evolution of 
 the Baltimore Jewish community is not due simply to the process of natural 
 growth, but also to the influence of certain men, laymen as well as rabbis, who left 
 their impress upon the Jewish life of Baltimore. The five congregations whose re- 
 spective histories form the greater portion of the history of Baltimore Jews present 
 practically five distinct phases of Judaism, both as to belief and practice, from un- 
 compromising orthodoxy to equally uncompromising reform. 
 
 The history of the Jewish congregations in Baltimore begins with the year 
 1829. That was an eventful year for Jews of Maryland, because with the charter 
 granted to the first Jewish congregation in the State, Jews in Maryland for the 
 first time practically enjoyed the full rights of American citizenship. It must be 
 recalled that in the settlement of Maryland in the middle of the seventeenth cen- 
 tury full civic rights were withheld from Jewish settlers on account of their faith. 
 The profession of Christian belief was then an indispensable qualification. After 
 the formation of the American government an attempt was made in 1796-1797 to 
 remove that disability from Maryland Jews. By the laws of the national govern- 
 men no Jew could be debarred from the full prerogatives of citizenship, including 
 the right to hold ofiice; yet in Maryland that specific right was denied to Jews be- 
 cause of their faith. Such discrimination was so contrary to the spirit of the Amer- 
 ican constitution, and so offensive to the liberal tendencies of the age, that an 
 earnest attempt was made in the Maryland legislature in 1818 to remedy the 
 anomalous situation. The attempt was productive only of long and bitter discus- 
 sion, and ended at the time only in utter failure. The agitation, however, was not 
 altogether in vain, for men's consciences Avere gradually aroused and much serious 
 thought was given to the injustice inflicted upon the Jews of Maryland who were 
 fast becoming a large and influential portion of the population of the State. The 
 next time the matter was agitated, therefore, there was greater hope for success. In 
 1825 what was known as the "Jew Bill," carrying with it the removal of all disabil- 
 ities from Jews, because they professed a different faith, passed both houses of the 
 Maryland legislature. The success of this measure was largely due to the influence 
 of the Etting and Cohen families, who had long been residents of Baltimore and 
 who had long enjoyed the general esteem of the community. 
 
 The "Jew Bill" passed by the Maryland legislature in 1825 became a law in 
 182G. Following closely upon this favorable legislation there was presented a bill 
 
 33 
 
JIADISON AVENUE TEMPLE 
 
 34 
 
in the lower house in 1839 empowering certain Jewish citizens of Baltimore to or- 
 ganize themselves into a congregation. Perhaps because it was felt that Jews in 
 Maryland were acquiring too many privileges, the bill was defeated by a large ma- 
 jority on its second reading. Better counsels, however, prevailed. The rejection of 
 the measure was immediately reconsidered and this time the bill was passed. By 
 February 33 it was passed by the Senate and immediately became a law. 
 
 The year 1829, therefore, marks the beginning of Jewish congregational ac- 
 tivity in Baltimore and in Maryland. In the act empowering certain Jewish citi- 
 zens to organize a congregation and build a synagogue in Baltimore, John M. Dyer, 
 Moses Millem, Lewis Silver, Levi Benjamin and Joseph Osterman are named as 
 the charter members. This congregation, styled the "Baltimore Hebrew Congre- 
 gation," may properly be called the "Mother of Jewish Congregations" in Balti- 
 more. The other congregations of the five now existing actually sprang from the 
 membership of the original congregational body incorporated by the laws of Mary- 
 land in 1829. Before Jewish worship thus received the authority and sanction of 
 the State, Jewish families in Baltimore had gathered for divine service in the house 
 of Zalma Rehine, a highly respected Jew of the city at that time. Those who con- 
 stituted that informal congregation were among the first members of the Balti- 
 more Hebrew Congregation, wdiich was soon to spread out and give out branches in 
 the form of other congregations in various parts of the city. 
 
 From 1829 to 1843 this was the only Jewish congregation in the city. In 1838, 
 in what is known as "Fell's Point," then an outlying district and separate and dis- 
 tinct from the city, Jewish settlers organized the "Fell's Point Hebrew Friendship 
 Congregation," now extinct. Later it built a synagogue in Eden Street, when "Fell's 
 Point" became part of the city. With the removal of the majority of its members 
 to other parts of the city the congregation rapidly declined and in 1899 was dis- 
 solved. The venerable Henrv Hochheimer was rabbi of this congregation from 1859 
 to 1892. 
 
 The Baltimore Hel)rew Congregation in the city proper quickly grew in num- 
 bers, and was compelled from time to time to remove to more spacious quarters. 
 From a room over a grocery, at the corner of Bond and Fleet Streets, it moved first 
 to North Exeter Street, then to High Street, then in 1837 to a three-story brick 
 dwelling in Harrison Street. In 1845 its synagogue in Lloyd Street was completed, 
 the first synagogue in Maryland. The dedication naturally was a great event for 
 Jews of Baltimore, and special sermons were delivered on that occasion by Eabbi 
 S. M. Isaacs, of New York, and the celebrated Pabbi Isaac Leeser, of Philadelphia. 
 
 The first rabbi of the congregation was Abraham Eice, a man knoAvn for great 
 piety and learning. He was a fearless exponent of the orthodox Jewish faith, and 
 his teachings carried great weight. It was his uncompromising attitude towards 
 the Eeform tendencies in Judaism which, originating in Germany, soon began to 
 modify Jewish worship and Jewish practice in this country, led to the first seces- 
 sion from the mother congregation. In 1842 the "Har Sinai Verein," now the Har 
 Sinai Congregation, was organized in protest against the strict orthodoxy of Eabbi 
 Eice. This congregation secured its charter in 1843 and worshipped first in High 
 Street, then in Lexington Street, and at present in its handsome synagogue at the 
 corner of Bolton and Wilson Streets. Its first rabbi was Max Sutro, wdio was fol- 
 lowed by Moritz Brown. With the coming of David Einhorn as rabbi, Har Sinai 
 Congregation entered on a new and distinct line of development as the reform 
 Jewish congregation of Baltimore. It is a source of pride to this congregation that 
 it possesses the best traditions of the man who so greatly influenced the develop- 
 ment of American Judaism for the past two generations. His utterances in the 
 
 35 
 
pulpit and out are treasured by many families of the congregation as the utterances 
 of a prophet wlio was not without honor in their midst, and his name is still a 
 source of inspiration to them, though it is nearly thirty years since he departed this 
 life and more than two score years since he left the Har Sinai pulpit. lie was rabbi 
 in Baltimore only from 1855 to 18G1, but in those few years the whole course of 
 Reform Judaism in America was formed. Einhorn, it nuiy be said, was among the 
 chief forces in shaping its direction. Coming to this country with a brilliant repu- 
 tation, his first essay in the Eeform field marked him a great power. His infiuence 
 soon became far reaching and he was deemed as authoritative in the exposition of 
 Jewish Eeform, as Abraham Eice in his day was in the expression of Jewish or- 
 thodoxy. His infiuence, however, was rather felt by the thinkers in Jewish com- 
 munities than by the general Jewish public. The popular reformer among Ameri- 
 can Jews in Einhorn's time was Isaac M. Wise, of Cincinnati, 0. 
 
 The services rendered by Einhorn, important as they were considered at the 
 time, appear now invaluable to the Eeform element of the American synagogue. 
 His monthly Journal, the Sinnh which appeared in Baltimore from February, 1856, 
 to January, 1863, is today the greatest inspiration for the Eeform rabbi. In all the 
 eight volumes that he issued the best contributions by far are Einhorn's own ser- 
 mons, with their marvelously eloquent exposition of Jewish idealism from the Ee- 
 form point of view. Yet this journal, the Sinai, is minor in importance compared 
 with that other work which is monumental of his great labors in the Eeform Jew- 
 ish cause, his "Olath Tamid." This prayer-book, written for Har Sinai Congrega- 
 tion, has long been regarded as the best prayer-book that has come from the Jewish 
 Eeform movement. The congregation regards the fact with the greatest pride that 
 Einhorn himself introduced this most notable work for congregational worship 
 while officiating as the rabbi. 
 
 Following David Einhorn as rabbis of the congregation wore Solomon Deutsch, 
 Jacob Mayer, Emil G. Hirsch, Samuel Sale, David Philipson and Tobias Schau- 
 farber. The rabbi at present is C. A. Eubenstein. 
 
 The officers of the congregation are : M. Shakman, president ; Xathan H. 
 Hirshberg, vice-president; M. S. Pacholder, treasurer, and iVlbert H. Likes, sec- 
 retary. 
 
 Eeturning to the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, from Avhich the Har Sinai 
 Congregation branched off, we find it in nowise weakened by the secession, but 
 rather growing in numbers as new Jewish families began settling in Baltimore as a 
 result of the general immigration movement from Europe that started in 1818. 
 Eabbi Eice retired to private life in 1849 and was succeeded in turn by Eev. Dr. 
 Henry Hochheimer, B. Illoway, Abraham Hofman, Maurice Fluegel, A. S. Bettel- 
 heim"^and the present rabbi, Adolf Guttmacher. The congregation worshipped in 
 the Lloyd Street Synagogue until 1891, when its present house of worship, corner 
 of Madison Avenue and Eobert Street, one of the most beautiful synagogues in the 
 coimtry, was dedicated. The officers of the congregation are: Moses Frank, presi- 
 dent; Henry Burgunder, vice-president; Sody Salabcs, treasurer, and Solomon 
 Preiss, secretary. Jacob Schvanenfeld is the cantor. 
 
 In 1853 there was another secession from the parent congregation, but this 
 time along more conservative lines. It was not so much due to a desire for a change 
 in the mode of worship as to the fact that the Jewish population was shifting 
 towards the southwestern part of the city and great need was felt for another syna- 
 gogue. So the Oheb Sholem congregation was organized with a place of worship 
 in Hanover Street. The first rabbis of this congregation were: Solomon andQj)]\I. 
 Landsberg. In 1859 Benjamin Syold became rabbi, serving until 1892. During 
 
 30 
 
his long, active ministration of tliirty-three years he wielded great influence in the 
 Baltimore Jewish community, contril)uting very largely to the shaping of its relig- 
 ious life and thought. He rendered great service to Judaism in America by his 
 scholarly labors, and, more especially, by writing a prayer-book, in which M, 
 Jastrow, of Philadelphia, collaborated, that admiral^ly answered the needs of con- 
 servative American congregations. The present rabbi of the congregation is Will- 
 iam Eosenau. The cantor is Jacob Schuman. His predecessor, the celebrated 
 cantor Alois Kaiser, contributed a great share to the development of the liturgy in 
 the American Synagogue. From Hanover Street the congregation moved to its 
 present beautiful house of worship, corner of Eutaw Place and Lanvale Street. 
 The officers of the congregation are : Isaac Strouse, president ; Henry Sonnebom, 
 vice-president; Louis Gump, treasurer, and Louis Adler, secretary. 
 
 Still another congregation branched off: from the original Baltimore Hebrew 
 Congregation in 1871. This is the Chizuk Emoonali Congregation, worshipping 
 now in its new synagogue, corner of McCuUoh and Mosher Streets. The Eeform 
 movement among x\.merican Jews was making rapid strides. Isaac M. Wise, of Cin- 
 cinnati, was formulating a plan for the education of Eeform rabbis, and his paper. 
 The American Israelite, found rapid circulation throughout the Western and 
 Southern Jewish communities and was wielding great power. In 1873 the Union 
 of American Hebrew Congregations was organized, and Wise's idea of a seminary 
 for the training of Eeform rabbis was fast approaching actualization. In Baltimore 
 itself the Eeform ideas of Einhorn had taken firm root. The Baltimore Hebrew 
 Congregation had consistenly held at first to orthodox views, liut was gradually 
 veering toAvard the Eeform movement. A number of changes were made in the ritual 
 for Sabbath and holidays and an effort was made to introduce a mixed choir. There 
 was a minority in the congregation that did not favor these innovations and these 
 withdrew and formed the Chizuk Emoonah Congregation. There was great dis- 
 cussion following this withdrawal, the minority invoking the aid of the law. Of this 
 congregation Henry W. Schneeberger has been rabln since 1876. The cantor is Her- 
 man Glass. The officers of the congregation are: M. S. Levy, president; Dr. Harry 
 Friedenwald, vice-president; Benjamin Friedman, treasurer, and Milton Fleischer, 
 secretary. 
 
 Two small orthodox congregations that had grown up in the southwestern 
 part of the city were consolidated in 1876 into the Shearith Israel Congregation, 
 that now worships in its new • synagogue, corner of McCulloh and Bloom Streets. 
 Of the five congregations here described, the Shearith Israel is considered the most 
 orthodox. S. Schaffer has been the rabbi for the past sixteen years. The cantor is 
 E. Jaffe. The officers of the congregation are: Manes Strauss, president; Herman 
 Cohen, vice-president; Samuel Senker, treasurer; Abraham Plant, secretary. 
 
 In describing the five congregations which form an integral part of the history 
 of Baltimore JeAvs, the list is far from exhausted. The disturbances in Eussia 
 in 1881-1882, and those Avithin more recent years, drove hundreds of thousands of 
 Jews to our hospitable shores. While the majority of the immigrants remained in 
 jSTeAv York, a large number of them came to Baltimore. Here there are no less than 
 twenty congregations formed of these ncAv settlers, the grouping being usually de- 
 termined by the city or district in Europe from which they came. Of these con- 
 gregations only eight have synagogues of their OAvn, situated in various parts of the 
 city, but chiefly in the southern and southeastern sections. 
 
 Thus the organization of religious Avorship among Jews in Baltimore, from a 
 modest beginning in 1829, has developed in the course of three generations into a 
 great center of Jewish religious life. The manner in which the Baltimore Hebrew 
 
 37 
 
Christhilf, Photo. 
 
 CHIZXXK EMUNAH TEMPLE 
 
 38 
 
Congregation was first formed and the regiilarit}^, one might say, with which a 
 certain group from time to time left the parent stock to begin a separate congrega- 
 tional existence of its own, marks the whole religions development of Baltimore 
 Jews with great interest. What is especially to be noted is the fact that the Jewish 
 population kept pace with the successive secessions and the "mother" congregation, 
 as well as those that issued from it, grew with time "from strength to strength." 
 All now are in a flourishing condition. The five new synagogues which they all 
 erected within recent years aiford substantial proof of their prosperous state. 
 It is worthy of remark that while the first congregation to be formed from the parent 
 religious organization has become a pronounced type of the Beform movement in 
 American Judaism, the last congregation to be thus formed has remained consistently 
 conservative. Har Sinai Congregation and Chizuk Emoonah Congregation, both 
 springing from the original Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, present two contrasting 
 aspects of Jewish worship and Jewish thought. 
 
 This sketch of the rise and progress of Jewish congregational activity in Balti- 
 more would scarcely be complete without a word about the properties held by the 
 various congregations for burial purposes. In the early days, when Baltimore Jews 
 formed no corporate body, a burial place could be acquired only by an individual. 
 The first cemetery was thus held by Levi and Solomon Etting. A lot near East 
 Monument Street, Imown as "Jew Alley in Ensor's town," was deeded to them by 
 Charles Carroll in 1801. Previous to that date, in 1786, there M^as a special burial 
 place for Jews in the same locality. To-day there are eight large Jewish ceme- 
 teries in or near Baltimore. The largest, in Belair Eoad, is the property of the 
 Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. The Oheb Sholem Congregation owns the ceme- 
 tery on the Trapp Eoad. The cemetery in Brehm's Lane, near Belair Eoad, is the 
 property of Har Sinai Congregation. The Eell's Point Congregation, now extinct, 
 which had its synagogue in Eden Street, owned the cemetery on the Philadelphia 
 Eoad. When the congregation was dissolved the property was taken over by former 
 members, who created for that purpose a separate corporation. 
 
 -Z>2^^^2^*^ 
 
 ZIONISM. 
 
 By Eev. De. S. Schaffer. 
 
 ZIONISM, Avhich was introduced to the great public with due solemnity and can- 
 did enthusiasm at the first Basle Congress but thirteen years ago, has already 
 made history. The keen observer cannot fail to notice a marked change in the 
 trend of the Jewish mind which is due to the influences of that movement. This 
 is not surprising. The aim of Zionism is to create in Palestine a publicly legally 
 secured home for the Jewish people. But this is an ideal which inspired, actuated 
 and directed the children of Israel long before the very word, Zion, was coined; long 
 before the fortress of that name had been erected. Indeed, this ideal is even older 
 than official Judaism, and was one of the powerful factors which shaped Judaism or 
 rather created that body which was destined to serve and still does serve as standard 
 bearer and transmitter of tlio truth and the sublime principles which Judaism im- 
 plies. 
 
 39 
 
Ever since God promised Al)ra1iain in iiiakL' of liim a ^-I'cat nation and to give 
 him the land Canaan as an inheritance, \vliich occurred, according to t!ie records, 
 four centuries before Judaism was olficially launched from the top of Sinai by the 
 divine revelation, Jewish nationality was inseparably wcdch'd to Palestine. The de- 
 scendants of Abraham claimed that country as their jjroniised land, and the mere 
 claim framed the conditions and effected the results which otherwise the actual pos- 
 session of territory accomplished. That very claim banded together the single in- 
 dividuals into a strong, characteristic unit, preventing their being assimilated with 
 others and making of them a peculiar nation, just as the dwelling on one territory 
 has made of other groups of mankind various and specific nations. Israel waged 
 fierce and successful wars against the tribes which inhabited Canaan just because 
 of that ]:)romise which the leaders often repeated and which convinced the people 
 that, for reasons known only to Providence, Israel's message to mankind will have 
 a greater and more general effect when j^roclaimed from the hill-tops of that peculiar 
 spot of the earth. 
 
 Disastrous as the exile into Babylon was it did not destroy the confidence of the 
 unfortunate exiles. On the contrary, the godly inspired jjrophets who with flaming 
 words and vigorous, rousing speech repeatedly renewed the ancient promise and 
 pictured pathetically the deplorable state of the desolate country and the sad con- 
 dition of the children who are not ])ermitted to rest their weary heads on their 
 mother's lap, infinitely strengthened the deeply rooted conviction which guided the 
 former generations and having kindled within the bosoms of their afflicted brethren 
 the dormant spark of love for their promised land into blazing enthusiasm, success- 
 fully accomplished the reunion of nation and country, the restoration of Israel's 
 previous home. 
 
 Strange though it be, the second and more severe exile likewise served to in- 
 tensify beyond measure Israel's yearning for the sacred land. Many fervent 
 prayers, touching elegies and tearful lamentations, which were written b}^ men of 
 genius, distinguished alike as scholars and philosophers, as saints and sages, were 
 incorporated in the liturgy and were recited with nnicli feeling, ardent devotion 
 and great earnestness, often with real, burning tears, in every community that was 
 ever established in all parts of the globe. By this means the ancient ideal which 
 once stirred in Israel's veins the fighting blood and was the cause for war and re- 
 bellion, gradually crystallized and became identified with a vital article of creed of 
 equally ancient origin, with the belief in the coming of Messiah, ^^'hen peace and 
 good-Avill shall reign supreme on earth no one would ever hinder Israel from return- 
 ing to Palestine. 
 
 As a matter of faith, finding expression, as it did, not only in daily prayers but 
 also on all occasions of either joy or sorrow, whenever the soul is roused to its va- 
 rious manifestations, it also adopted the characteristic of true faith which is inspir- 
 ing, cheering and consoling, instilling hope, courage and patience, but never stirring 
 up excitement, never provoking fierce antagonism. 
 
 About the middle of the last century a number of associations of Lovers of 
 Zion were organized in many cities of various countries for the purpose of founding 
 colonies in Palestine which should be worked and cultivated by Jewish hands. This 
 was done chiefly out of love for the land of the Fathers and also with the intention 
 to make both Palestine and colonization conspicuous hi the eyes of the Jewish peo- 
 ple. An indistinct hope, however, was equally chei'ished that if such work bo con- 
 tinued for centuries it might possibly benefit in the last the nation at hirge. 
 
 Such was the nature of Zionism of late. 
 
 In 189fi, however, Zionism received a new impetus, which again changed its 
 
 40 
 
character. From a sober principle of faith it was turned into a movement which 
 means an object for agitation and propaganda. The new tendency was more ex- 
 pressly indicated by the additional epithet of "political." Political Zionism, or 
 Zionism viewed from a political and economical standpoint, has no other aim than 
 that of the ancient idea, only the motives, the reasons, its scope and the mode of 
 its promotion changed according to the different circumstances and the prevailing 
 spirit of the time. ]\Iodern Zionism has no recent divine authority, but it can hardly 
 be denied that it fully deserves divine grace and favor. It is not prompted by the 
 express behest of him who rules the destinies of nations, but as it is prompted by 
 dire necessity which cries for relief, it cannot but be pleasing in the eyes of the 
 supreme Eegent. 
 
 Three distinct and grave causes jointly forced the advent of the new idea. 
 
 Millions of Jewish people, men, Avomen and children, are, in spite of general 
 enlightenment, culture and progress, still wrongfully and cruelly oppressed in va- 
 rious countries and treated as an inferior class of citizens for no other fault than 
 that they are Jews. It is not necessary to describe in detail the distressing and 
 humiliating position of these innocent suiferers, it is known to all who are familiar 
 with the current events. These unfortunates for whom, it seems, there is no help 
 whatsoever, and Avho are as much a reproach to civilization as they are an object of 
 commiseration, are in urgent need of a home Avhere they could breathe freely the 
 air which the good Lord provides for all living creatures and lead a life correspond- 
 ing to the dignity of man. Nothing but a country for themselves with an adminis- 
 tration of their own where they would offend no strangers and escape themselves 
 from the injustice and insults of strangers could help those millions who are now 
 doomed to poverty and degradation. There could be no nobler work than to assist 
 by whatever means in the creation of a secure home in Palestine for these self- 
 respecting. God-fearing, worthy people, whose steady and bitter complaints never 
 touch the hearts of their tormentors. 
 
 Again, the general craving for independence, emancipation and liberty which 
 made itself strongly felt towards the latter part of the nineteenth century in every 
 country where civilization had acquired a firm footing, brought about in the house 
 of Israel, as it did evervAvhere else, a deplorable decline of the religious spirit and 
 also an inclination toAvards assimilation. The numbers of those Avho drifted aAvay 
 from the religion of their fathers, either compelled by the force of circumstances, 
 or uuAvittingly by mere negligence, or on purpose, carried aAvay by the rise of a ma- 
 terialistic Avave and scepticism, grcAV Avith every year larger and caused apprehension 
 and alarm in all directions. Those Avho firmly stand by tradition and who knoAV 
 of no duty more urgent and more holy than the duty to perpetuate Judaism looked 
 to the future Avith anxiety and fear and AA'ere ready to grasp any opportunity by 
 which the groAving evil could be remedied or at least checked. Christendom, too, 
 seemed to dislike the ncAv tendency. At least, anti-semitism spread in proportion 
 to the spread of assimilation. The most cruel means were employed, as it were, to 
 repulse the intruders and to Avarn them that they had l^etter stay AA'here they were. 
 The consequence Avas that those AAdio had considered assimilation the most practical 
 means for sohdng the aggravating and difficult prol)lem, the so-called JeAvish ques- 
 tion, Avere sorely disappointed and found themselves isolated and forsaken. From 
 their brethren they Avere estranged, and from the strangers Avhose friendship they 
 courted they Avere unceremoniously repulsed. Their pride Avas humiliated, their na- 
 tional feeling, of whose secret existence they Avere scarcely aAvare, was deeply wounded 
 and roused, and their confidence in civilization was mightily shaken. They realized 
 that they needed a home of their OAvn Avhere they could live among their equals and 
 
 41 
 
ChriMhilf, Photo 
 
 SHEAEITH ISRAEL TEMPLE 
 
 42 
 
escape the sting of chilly reserve and haughty demeanor with which they invariably 
 met. The truth dawned iipon them that between Jew and Gentile good-will may 
 prevail but never intimacy. 
 
 The first one to make this confession in public was Dr. Theodore Herzel, who 
 by this time needs no introduction to the reader, and a large number of the uncom- 
 promising, traditional religious wing heartily and loudly applauded both the con- 
 fession and the unreserved frankness, the manly courage, the self-respect, the dig- 
 nity and just pride which the open confession involved. With genuine brotherly 
 affection they grasped the hand of the home-coming brother, bowed before the new 
 champion of the truth in admiration, and offered him their congratulations together 
 with their assistance. Thus encouraged, Herzel embraced the idea which is em- 
 bodied in the words of the daily prayer, "Let our eyes behold thy return unto Zion," 
 with the entire fire of his big heart, noble soul and trained mind, and at once raised 
 the battle-cry, "Back to Judaism, back to Zion." 
 
 The acquisition of Palestine as a home for the Jewish people, he argued, is by 
 no means beyond the bounds of possibility. Stranger things have been accomplished 
 in the last century. He claimed, what every impartial, unsophisticated and just ob- 
 server of things must concede, that the realization of Israel's everlasting desire 
 would be unquestionably the greatest boon for Jew and Gentile alike and no less 
 for the Turkish government. Palestine is now practically a desert and of little 
 value. But, if inhabited, colonized and cultivated by millions of thrifty hands, it 
 would soon prove its ancient fame of being a land that flows with milk and honey 
 and would become a remarkable source of large revenue. Besides, the growth and 
 steady development of commerce and industry which is bound to follow in the wake 
 of Jewish centralization and activity would certainly benefit immeasurably the whole 
 Turkish empire. 
 
 Herzel advocated peaceful but energetic and steady activity in behalf of politi- 
 cal Zionism. The great masses of the Jewish people should be enlightened and 
 roused to the realization of their sad situation, that they might be as persistent in 
 their claim for relief of their intolerable condition as they are in praying and 
 lamenting, that they substantiate the outpouring of their souls by practical work 
 and raise sufficient funds which are necessary for the eventual purchase of the land 
 and the colonization thereof. Strong and impressive appeals should also be made 
 to the sense of justice of all intelligent classes of the entire civilized world and es- 
 pecially to the reigning houses of the great powers who sway the destinies of nations. 
 If Jew and Gentile were fully informed of the aim and the scope of Zionism and 
 the blessings it involves they would both, he claimed, hasten to assist in the promo- 
 tion of the work which, if successfully accomplished, would make the unjustly per- 
 secuted of many centuries free and happy, would relieve Christendom of grave re- 
 proaches, of a disgrace which hampered the progress of its lofty ideals and supreme 
 endeavor, and would thus bring mankind a good stretch nearer the age of undis- 
 turbed peace and general brotherhood. 
 
 Thus Herzel became father of the luovement for which he sacrificed his young 
 life. Eight continuous years he labored indefatigably with might and main, plead- 
 ing eloquently for the sacred cause that filled his great soul, interviewing nobles, 
 captains of finance, rulers and kings, organizing the forces that flocked to his aid 
 and guiding them with a strong hand, an iron will, political sagacity and a mild, 
 well-balanced temper until exhaustion and, perhaps, some disappointment broke his 
 true heart. He died bemoaned not only by the hosts of Zionists but also by all the 
 intelligent of the entire world, who paid a high tribute to the brilliancy of his luind, 
 the strength and firmness of his convictions, the sterling qualities of his clean char- 
 
 43 
 
acter and his admirable skill for leadership whieli he proved by iinitinc: and con- 
 trolling all factions, various though they were concerning their views, their dispo- 
 sition and the degree of their general education. 
 
 Herzel was the father of the new idea, but he and the idea itself were crea- 
 tions of the forceful current events and the predominating spirit of the lime. Dire 
 need of the proletariat, anxious solicitations for the preservation of Judaism, 
 strongly felt by the more enlightened of the faithful religious cohorts, and offended 
 national pride experienced by those who, relying on civilization, claimed the priv- 
 ilege of being counted as equals in all social circles, were the three factors that forced 
 the ancient ideal to the front and prompted Herzel to serve as its champion. 
 
 Herzel died, but the idea which he set in motion is immortal, the movement is 
 still on foot and will continue to influence the Jewish masses and some of the priv- 
 ileged non-Jewish classes until either the sad causes disappear, which is not prob- 
 able, or until the goal of Zionism is reached, which is more probable, because Provi- 
 dence is bound to interfere for the sake of the oppressed as well as for the sake of 
 the pledged promise which is still awaiting redemption. 
 
 When the first Congress opened in Basel in 189T there were representatives of 
 all the three factors mentioned in large numbers present, and all greeted the begin- 
 ning of a new era with unbounded enthusiasm, great hope and genuine joy. But 
 just as many rose up in all parts of the world in vehement opposition to the new 
 form of Zionism. ]\Iany of the religious flank who grew up in the belief that 
 only the miraculous coming of the Messiah will bring back Israel to Palestine, con- 
 sidered the new movement as an attempt to anticipate Providence, and therefore as 
 irreligious. They also mistrusted and feared the leaders, who emphatically pointed 
 to the economical moment of the question and laid stress upon the national feature 
 of the aspiration but left the care for religion to the religious themselves. Again, 
 Reform Judaism heard in the stirring notes of the song, "The Hope," the death- 
 knell of reform, and rose in a body to fight Zionism. Many advocates of assimila- 
 tion, too, were reluctant to give up the hope that the doors of society will finally be 
 opened to them. They all condemned Zionism as a revolutionary movement, accused 
 the Zionists of lack of patriotism, and attacked the leaders as demagogues. Feeling 
 ran high, and fierce battles were fought by the pen and with the word in mass- 
 meetings, by the medium of the daily papers, in pamphlets and in private circles. 
 
 However, after a few years the excitement perceptibly abated and made room 
 for a cooler, more healthy and more acceptable conception of the movement, which 
 brought the opposing parties a great deal nearer. The novelty of having a congress, 
 and especially such a congress, composed of many hundreds of delegates who come 
 from all parts of the world, represent every walk in life and vary from each other 
 in external appearance, in the style of their apparel as much as in the degree of their 
 education and the form and scope of their belief, but are united as one man in the 
 burning desire, the great effort to solve a problem of such vital importance, which 
 feature at first fascinated, almost intoxicated, the delegates as well as their con- 
 stituents, this novelty gradually wore off, lost its powerful charm, and sound reason- 
 ing and sober deliberation took the place of visionary rapture. The fact became ap- 
 parent that the sanguine hope for immediate results, which the more arduous and 
 less deliberate cherished, was without any foundation. The leaders cautiously 
 warned against entertaining deceptive expectations and pointed out that for the 
 present all work must be concentrated upon preparations. The national feeling must 
 be stimulated, intensified, deepened and broadened. ^Phe solidarity of the Jewish 
 people of all countries must be strengthened and made obvious by means of educa- 
 tion, by the revival of the Hebi'cw language and hy the study of the Jewish litera- 
 
 44 
 
ture and Jewish history. The proletariat should be trained in the work of prac- 
 tical agriculture, which ever was and always will be the basis for the existence and 
 prosperity of any country or nation. Land must be bought in Palestine and 
 colonized, and, what is of no less importance, material means must be accumulated 
 to be ready for use. Thus prepared and equipped with all necessary requirements 
 and fortified with patience and a willingness to Avait, the day will surely arrive when 
 the hotly pursued aim will be attained. After this the ardor of many cooled off some- 
 what. The enthusiasm is no more so sweeping, but neither is the opposition now 
 so sharp, so acrimonious, and a more general spread of the movement might l)e justly 
 expected. 
 
 Considering the virtue of the whole question coolly and calmly from the view- 
 point of an impartial judge, one finds that the underlying principle of the con- 
 troversy is neither new nor characteristically Jewish, but is rather of international 
 concern and has been alreay discussed time and again by men of science and of 
 general prominence. 
 
 Mankind is divided in a multitude of nations. Each nation is precisely distin- 
 guished by peculiar traits of the character, a special trend of the mind, certain 
 inclinations and qualities, by temperament and mode of living. Each nation has a 
 language, a literature, a history and a pride of its own. Such variety naturally 
 causes rivalry, jealousy, envy, aversion, hostilities and wars. Civilization, however, 
 besides religion, urges the establishment of permanent peace based upon a genuine 
 feeling of general brotherhood. How can this end be best attained? Those who 
 have never made a study of the human nature and still less of the nature of nations, 
 advocate the unfication of mankind. Nations should intermingle and amalgamate. 
 Each nation should develop a character common to all. All should speak one lan- 
 guage, confess one religion, and adopt equal halnts. Mankind should be divided in 
 homogenous groups, not in different nations. The cause for rivalry would be re- 
 moved and peace assured. But the anthropologist, the ethnologist and the general 
 thinker hold that such uniformity is by no means desirous ; on the contrary, it is de- 
 testable and abhorrent. Harmony is not monotony, the charm of beauty lies in the 
 variety of colors, symmetry is not to be found in sameness. Mankind reduced to 
 one cast would be intolerably tiresome. Besides, such unification is absolutely im- 
 possible. The variety of nations is due to natural causes. The difference in the 
 climate, the variance in the hue of the sky noticeable in different parts of the world 
 and the appearance and the conditions of the land and water that constitute the 
 various countries all tend to create variously disposed and differently gifted groups 
 of mankind, so much so that if, in spite of the hereditary traits and features which 
 lie in the blood and cannot be eradicated, mankind would be artificially unified, 
 nature would in course of a few generations again produce the same variety of the 
 former times. To secure peace it is necessary that each nation should develop its own 
 character in its own ways, by its own means, and that all .should learn to respect each 
 other, each should learn to value the virtues of the others and to overlook the short- 
 comings of the other. This is exactly the platform of religion. What can best se- 
 cure peace? Disarmament, say the laymen; increase of armament, say the states- 
 men. 
 
 The Jewish people have all peculiarities of a separate nation ; but, as they live 
 among other nations, they are compelled by the force of circumstances, or forced by 
 the will of the majority, to emulate the life of others. In so doing they represent a 
 special specimen of half Jew and half Gentile, or neither Jew nor Gentile. As such 
 they must offend others and in return be offended themselves, which is deplorable 
 and a constant cause for aggravation and regret. Eeinstate the Jewish people in its 
 
 45 
 
H i 
 
 REV. IlERMAiN GLASS 
 
 4() 
 
old home, let them develop what is hest in them in their own way, by their own 
 means according to their own traditions, and the world at large will be as much 
 benefited as the Jews themselves and all will share in the blessings of permanent 
 peace and in the blessings of Heaven. 
 
 It is not expected, nor desirous, nor even possil^le that all Jewish people should 
 remove to Palestine. The largest population which that country accommodated 
 when at the pinnacle of its fame and prosperity was estimated at between seven and 
 eight millions, while the present number of Jewish people all over the world is cal- 
 culated to be eleven million. During the last eighteen centuries that country was 
 practically a desert and could be again colonized and cultivated onlj by degrees. 
 Besides, it is well known that even while Palestine was the land of Israel a large 
 number of Jewish people selected various other countries for their permanent domi- 
 cile and settlement. Even then the Jewish people were living in the territory that 
 is now comprised in the German empire. It is claimed that in Prague a Jewish 
 community flourished already in the days when the second Temple was still standing 
 in its full beauty and glory. 
 
 The Zionists have no more ardent wish than that all who are satisfied and happy 
 in the respective countries where they live might prosper, thrive and enjoy the 
 privileges granted to them in the fullest measure. The Jew is by nature grateful, 
 patriotic, true, to the core and liberal. He deserves, by right, not only protection 
 but also full recognition, respect and equality. Those who have labored and ac- 
 quired these inalienable goods of citizenship certainly value them and are undoubt- 
 edly justified, nay, even duty bound, to defend and guard them anxiously and 
 jealously. But for that very reason the more fortunate should be fully alive to the 
 crying need of millions of their own flesh and blood who are not granted sufficient 
 space in this world to stretch their cramped limbs but are doomed to breath the im- 
 pure, contaminated air of overcrowded quarters and narrow alleys. For that very 
 reason should they be cognizant of the constant stream of emigrants who must be 
 directed in a systematic and wise manner in order to avert calamities, and who 
 could nowhere be made so happy, so self-respecting and self-supporting as in the 
 land of their love which is the object of their prayers six times every day. The bet- 
 ter situated should equally be sensitive to the mental anguish of those who feel them- 
 selves isolated, scorned and are tired of knocking at doors without finding admis- 
 sion ; they should also have a heart and a mind for the dignity and the good name 
 of the nation or brotherhood of which they consider themselves an important part. 
 Besides, assisting in the work of Zionism they would be themselves spared of a l)urn- 
 ing feeling of shame which they invariably experience whenever they meet by 
 chance with a wretched, unhappy, ridiculed immigrant. 
 
 To make an end of so much trouble, worries, inihappiness and disgrace there 
 is but one effective means — lend a helping hand in building up a legally secured 
 home in Palestine for the Jewish people, assist in the work of the Zionists, confess 
 and embrace Zionism. 
 
 In Baltimore Zionism has a very strong footing, and its beneficial influence 
 is everywhere strongly felt. Three years before Herzel made his first appearance, 
 a "Zion Association," of the nature of "The Lovers of Zion," was here organized, 
 and the writer of these lines was made president of the same. That association 
 did good work right from the start. Assistance was regularly sent to the colonies 
 in Palestine that needed aid, especially the colony Mishmar Hajordan, a subsidiary 
 of considerable amount was sent to the Hebrew school in Joppa, where the Hebrew 
 language is used as the only medium to impart general instruction and knowledge, 
 and 1,000 francs were also sent as a contribution to the "Loan Association," founded 
 
 47 
 
there among the colonists for the aid of thi- laniuM's. In IS'JT the writer was sent 
 as delegate to represent tlie association and Baltimore at large to the first Congress 
 in Basel. He was then the only delegate from America. He was sent again to the 
 Fifth Congress in 1901, when there were fifteen delegates representing this country. 
 Political Zionism created in Baltimore a number of societies, and all did strenuous 
 and etlicient work in spreading the idea broadcast, selling shares of the Jewish Na- 
 tional Trust, selling stamps for the increase of the national fund, and collecting the 
 shekel for the defray of the expenditure of the Congress. Both the Trust and the 
 Fund are now well established and ready for the use of practical work in Palestine. 
 
 For the present there exists here a Council of Baltimore Zion Associations, of 
 which the writer is president and H. Kellman secretary. The Council comprises 
 the Zion Association, Dr. S. Schaffer, president; the Esrath, J. L. Isaacs, president; 
 the Tikvath, S. Applefeld, president ; the Daughters pf Zion, Fannie Berman, pres- 
 ident ; the Ohabei Zion, G. Colin, president ; and other societies wdiich are but loosely 
 connected with the Council. 
 
 The Baltimore Zionists are especially fortunate for the reason that the worthy 
 President of "The American Federation of Zionists" is one of our foremost citizens. 
 Dr. Harry Friedenwald. 
 
 CHARITIES OF BALTIMORE JEWS 
 
 Eev. Dr. a. Guttmachepv. 
 
 IN describing the efforts and activities of our age, a prominent place must be as- 
 signed to charitable endeavors. The whole subject of charity is being carefully 
 studied in all its aspects. Methods of dispensing charity are being thoroughly 
 scrutinized. Men and women are trained to be charity workers, to devote their 
 time and energies to alleviate suffering and poverty, in keeping with those methods, 
 which are proving most effective. The aim of modern charitable endeavor is not only 
 to cure, but to prevent poverty and all ills that result from it. In far-off days 
 Moses, the great lawgiver, decreed : "Thou shalt open thy hand wide unto thy 
 brother." Moses makes the cause of the poor, of the widow and fatherless, and of 
 the stranger, the cause of each and everyone who is able to render assistance. Every- 
 one was obliged to give a tenth of his income towards the relief of those in distress. 
 As life became more strenuous, and civilization more complex, the sages in Israel 
 devised new means and methods to deal wdth the growing demands for succor. 
 Private charity was gradually replaced by organized communal effort. Josephus 
 thus tells of overseers in Jerusalem who directed the work of giving relief to the 
 needy. The Talmud also states that it was customarv to make collections during 
 divine services for the different philanthropic societies, that charity-boxes were 
 found in every synagogue and in some of the private houses. The synagogue be- 
 came the center of all charitable activity. When charity became more diversified 
 in purpose, semi-independent bodies sprang up outside of the synagogue, to which, 
 in course of time, the synagogue delegated most of its benevolent functions. Thus 
 Israel Abrahams, in "Jewish Life in the Middle Ages," tells that in the thirteenth 
 
 48 
 
century societies were organized all over Europe for snppljdng food and clothing, 
 for the education of poor children, for giving dowers to portionless girls, for nursing 
 orphans, for visiting and aiding the sick, for sheltering the aged, for lying-in women, 
 for free burial and for the ransoming of prisoners. 
 
 In Baltimore, Jews had settled in the middle of the eighteenth century. The 
 purchase of a plot of ground in 1786 for a cemetery would indicate a community 
 of some size. After the Jews were enfranchised in Maryland, in 182 G, a congre- 
 gation was chartered. The congregation cared not only for the religious well-being 
 of its members, but, following the usage of European countries, looked after the poor 
 and the needy. Eor over two decades the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation (Madison 
 Avenue Temple) did the work that was later done by different benevolent societies. 
 
 HEBREW BEXEVOLENT SOCIETY 
 
 With the increase of immigration, congregatio^is multipliejd, and it was found 
 advisable to create agencies which would deal exclusively with the needs of the poor 
 and the sick, the orphans and the friendless strangers. The first society established 
 was the HebrcAv x4.ssistance Society in 1813. In 1856 this society was re-organized 
 on broader lines, under the name of the Hebrew Benevolent Society. Mr. William 
 S. Eayner was the first president. This society has a most honorable record of use- 
 fulness. It supplies rent, coal, clothing, transportation, finds emplo5anent, and 
 distributes milk and eggs to those suffering from tuberculosis. During 1908 3,351 
 families were helped, at a cost of $26,563.53. Up till five years ago a large sum of 
 money was raised for the support of this society by holding an annual banquet. 
 But the expense that the banquet entailed upon the society led to the discontinuance 
 of it. In the beginning of this year, under the presidency of Prof. Jacob H. Hol- 
 lander, many innovations were introduced, so that the society is doing is work ac- 
 cording to the best scientific methods. Mr. S. Barroway is the superintendent. The 
 offices of the society, at 411 West Fayette Street, are open daily. 
 
 HEBREW^ ladies' SERVING SOCIETY 
 
 The Hebrew Ladies' Sewing Society was organized in 1856; Mrs. Bernard Stern 
 was its first president. Among the many good and pious women who gave their best 
 energies to the furtherance of the aims of the society, Mrs. Betsy Wiesenfeld de- 
 serves a most honored jilace. For thirty-two years she was the master-hand that 
 guided the society. Besides supplying garments, groceries are given free of charge. 
 During the past jesir $5,291.07 was spent by the society. The members meet Mon- 
 day of each week. Mrs. Emma H. Stein is the president, and Mrs. Hannah Grins- 
 felder the honorary 23resident. 
 
 HEBREW HOSPITAL AND ASYLUM ASSOCIATION 
 
 Hebrew Hospital and Asylum i\ssociation was organized as early as 1859, 
 though actual Avork did not begin until 1868, when the building on East Monument 
 Street, that had been provided by the Hebrew Benevolent Society, was dedicated 
 and thrown open to the sick and the aged. Mr. Joseph Friedenwald was the first 
 president. After serving sixteen years he was succeeded by Benjamin F. Ulman. 
 Upon his demise, Mr. Menka Friedmann, who had been connected with the insti- 
 tution since its establishment as a director, was chosen president. For seventeen 
 years, until the day of his death, Mr. Friedmann was an indefatigalile and enthusi- 
 astic worker. He was succeeded by Dr. Samuel L. Frank, who died in 1906. As a 
 loving tribute to his memory, his widow, Mrs. Bertha Eayner Frank, offered a large 
 
 49 
 
REV. JACOB SCHVANEMLLU 
 
 50 
 
sum of money to the association, to be used in the erection of a modern hospital. 
 The dedication of "The Samuel Leon Frank Memorial Hospital" in 1908 marks a 
 new epoch in the annals of the association. The new building made it possible to 
 carry out what had been the intention of the board for many years, i. e., tlie placing 
 of the sick in a building wholly separated from the home for the aged. By the use 
 of bequests left to the institution by friends, notably that of Nathan Schloss, the 
 public wards and outlying boiler and laundry buildings were constructed. Under 
 the very able management of Dr. Harry Adler, who has been the president since 
 1906, the institution is taking a foremost rank among the hospitals of the city. It 
 has a training school for nurses, a dispensary and an out-door dispensary. 
 
 During 1908 one thousand cases were admitted to the hospital, total number 
 of operations 830; in the dispensary 12,155 patients received treatment, and 20,034 
 prescriptions were filled. On the visiting staff are the very best medical men of the 
 city. Dr. Charles Bagley, Jr., is the medical superintendent, and Dr. Jos. A. Selig- 
 man is the chief of dispensary. Mr. A. S. Adler, the present secretary, has been 
 connected with the institution, as treasurer and secretary, since 1869. Mrs. Ma- 
 thilda Strouse is the president of the Ladies' Auxiliary. 
 
 HEBREW ORriTAN" ASYLUM 
 
 In 1872 the Hebrew Orphan Asylum opened its door for the reception of or- 
 phans. The ground had been donated by Mr. and Mrs. Wm. S. Eayner, and a big 
 fair was held to pay for the building. Mr. Alfred S. IJlman was the first president. 
 About ninety children are cared for, who attend the public school and receive 
 religious instruction in the orphanage. The Hannah U. Cahn Memorial Building — 
 the gymnasium — was given by Bernard Cahn in memory of his wife, and the orphan 
 children make most excellent use of it. The Manual Training School was founded 
 by Mrs. Bertha Eayner Frank, and has proven very useful. The president is Mr. 
 Leon Lauer, and Eev. S. Freudenthal is the superintendent. With the institution 
 is connected the Ladies' Orphans' Aid Society, rendering most valuable service. 
 Mrs. M. Bornheim is president of the auxiliary. 
 
 EREE BURIAL SOCIETY 
 
 The Free Burial Society started its beneficent activity in 1869. Mr. S. Fiteman 
 was the first president. For many years the society filled a most-needful want in the 
 community, looking after the interment of the poor. Of late the demands made 
 upon the society have- been few, owing to the many congregations and chevras which 
 take care of the poorer brethren. The society received, a few years ago, a legacy of 
 about $30,000 from the estate of Nathan Schloss, the interest of which is sufficient 
 to meet the running expenses. Mr. Philip Joseph is the president of the society. 
 
 JEWISH COXSUMPTIVE HOSPITAL 
 
 One of the most recent additions to the charities is the Jewish Consumptive 
 Hospital, located on the Westminster Pike, about twenty miles from Baltimore. 
 The hospital was incorporated in 1907, but did not begin work until 1908, a few 
 weeks after the dedication of the Epstein Memorial Building on June 11, 1908. 
 Building and grounds were paid out of the mimificent sum given by Mr. Jacob 
 Epstein. Mr. Epstein, at the time when he made the ofl'er of the gift, stipulated 
 that the hospital should be taken care of by special subscriptions for three years, 
 so that it may be no burden upon the federated charities. Twenty-four gentlemen 
 most generously subscribed the necessary funds for the running expenses, and the 
 hospital became a fact. The Epstein Memorial Hospital takes care of twenty-six 
 
 51 
 
advanced cases of tuberculosis. Anotlier red-letter day in the history of the insti- 
 tution was October 25, 1908, when the Solomon Kann and the Samuel and Emma 
 Eosentlial Cottages were dedicated with apju'opriate ceremonies. The former is 
 the memorial gift of three devoted sons. These two cottages take care of fourteen 
 incipient cases. 
 
 The buildings are surrounded l)y a lieautifu! undulating country. The hos- 
 pital owns seventy-nine acres. Part of the land is under cultivation, supjtlying the 
 institution with fruit and vegetables. ]t is the intention of the board to have, in the 
 near future, its own herd of cows. The hospital is carried on according to the 
 Jewish dietary laws. The patients are examined at the Phipp's Dis])ensary by the 
 resident physician of the consumptive hospital. Due to the liberality of two gentle- 
 men, Messrs. A. Brager and Sig. Kann, the hospital has been enabled to extend its 
 usefulness by engaging a visiting nurse to look after patients in their own homes. 
 Dr. Harry Friedenwald is the president, Louis H. Levin, secretary. Dr. S. W. 
 Merritt is the resident physician, and Miss Florence Hunt the head nurse. 
 
 HEBREW EDUCATIOX SOCIETY 
 
 Besides caring for the needs of the poor and indigent, sick and aged, the Jews 
 of Baltimore look after the spiritual Avelfare of their poorer brethren. Thus, in 
 1852, was called into existence the Hebrew Education Society, for the purpose of 
 educating poor and orphan children. The school startetd with twenty-seven children, 
 and has now over 350 children, who receive most excellent instruction in Hebrew 
 and religious branches. For many years the late Eev. A. Kaiser was the president 
 of the society, and it was due to his untiring efforts that the society weathered suc- 
 cessfully many storms and is now the owner of a fine school building, comer of 
 Aisquith and Jackson Streets. In connection with the school is a good library of 
 Hebrew books. Dr. Harry Friedenwald is the president, and Dr. S. Benderly the 
 superintendent, of the school. 
 
 COUXCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN 
 
 The Council of Jewish Women has proven to be a most useful and important 
 factor in the charity work of the city. The council started the Milk and Ice Fund 
 in 1896, which spent, in 1908, $3,560. Mrs. Isidor Ash, president. The Hospital 
 Guild furnishes flowers to the Jewish sick in the various hospitals. The Guild for 
 Crippled Children endeavors to make happier the lives of the poor little sufferers. 
 Also divine services are held, under the auspices of the council, in the various penal 
 institutions, and it is the hope of the council that a regular chaplain may be engaged 
 to look after the spiritual and religious wants of those in the various penal and 
 reformatory institutions. 
 
 JEWISH EDUCATIOXAL ALLIANCE 
 
 Since 1890 settlement Avork with girls and Avomen has been done by the 
 Daughters in Israel, and Avith boys by the Maccabeans, since 1896. As both societies 
 needed developing on broader and more modern lines, it Avas deemed Avise to con- 
 solidate all the settlement Avork. The consolidation Avas accomplished on November 
 1, 1909, under the name of the JcAvish Educational Alliance. The Maccabeans Avent 
 out of existence, turning over its holdings to th encAv organization, and the Daughters 
 in Israel Avill confine itself solely to the keeping up of the Working Girls' Home 
 (1200 East Baltimore Street). Mrs. Iliram Wiesenfeld is the president of the 
 Daughters in Israel, and the Plon. Lewis Piitzel is the president of the new organi- 
 zation. 
 
 52 
 
FEDERAL JEWISH CHARITIES 
 
 Xot only a new chapter^ but a new epoch begins in the Jewish charities in tlie 
 formation of the Federated Jewish Charities. After a great deal of preliminary 
 work, the federation began actual operation January 1, 1907. The purpose of the 
 federation is to make, through one central agency, collections for the various chari- 
 table societies that have federated, to discourage and to discountenance the raising 
 of money by balls, banquets, theatrical performances, etc., and finally, to protect 
 the community from the launching of unnecessary benevolent schemes. In brief, 
 the federation endeavors to give intelligent and wise direction to the charitable im- 
 pulse of the community. During the short time of its existence the federation 
 has proven the wisdom of its projectors. Twelve societies are federated. Prior to 
 federation, $47,000 was the maximum sum collected for one year; this year it looks 
 as if the $100,000 mark will be reached. The federation has become the chief repre- 
 sentative of the Jewish community, exerting its moral influence for the social and 
 economic betterment of the city. Dues of $35 entitle to membership in all the 
 societies. The report of 1908 shows 1,800 subscribers. To Prof. Jacob H. Hollander, 
 the first president, and Louis H. Levin, Esq., the secretary, the marvelous success 
 of the federation is largely due. Eli Frank is the present presiding officer. The 
 offices of the federation are 411 West Baltimore Street. 
 
 UNITED HEBREW CHARITIES 
 
 The success of the federation of the up-town charities led to a similar federa- 
 tion of the down-town charities. In December, 1907, the charities in the eastern 
 section of the city united under the name of the United Hebrew Charities. During 
 1908 about $30,000 was collected from 3,481 subscribers. The dues range from 
 twenty-five cents upwards, and are collected monthly. Mr. Solomon Ginsberg is the 
 president, Samuel T. Silberman the secretary. Offices are located at 111-113 Ais- 
 quith Street. 
 
 To the United Hebrew Charities belong the following seven organizations : 
 
 1. Hebrew Children's Sheltering and Protective Association, organized in 
 1900, and presided over since its inception by Mr, Gerson Schwartz. The society 
 takes care of more than 100 children. Due to the munificence of Mr. M. S. Levy, 
 the philanthropist, a fine building, in memory of his wife, is about to be dedicated 
 on Xorth Broadway. P. S. Shochet is the secretary. 
 
 2. Hebrew Friendly Inn and Aged Home, founded in 1891. This institution 
 is doing most excellent work in giving a home to the aged, and food and shelter 
 to the friendless stranger. Thirty-four old men and women are well cared for in 
 the home, and during 1908 10,219 strangers were fed and sheltered. Mr. Adolph 
 Kress is the president, Mr. S. L. Fisher secretary. The society owns its home on 
 111 Aisquith Street. 
 
 3. Hebrew Free School, known as Talmud Torah, organized in 1889. About 
 750 children receive daily religious instruction in the Talmud Torah Building on 
 East Baltimore Street. Mr. Jonas Greenblatt is the president. One of the most 
 earnest workers in the cause of religious education is Mr. Tanchum Silberman, a 
 member of the board. Eabbi Eabbinovith is the superintendent. 
 
 4. Hebrew Free Loan Society, organized in 1898. This society makes loans 
 in sums of from $5 to $50, without charging any interest. It has proven an agency 
 for much good, $6,000 to $8,000 are loaned out yearly, and the losses are almost 
 trifling. Mr. M. E. Selenkow is president, P, S. Shochet, secretary. 
 
 5. Immigration Protective Association, organized in 1900, During 1908 
 
 53 
 
602 persons were aided. The society looks after the landing of immigrants, and 
 directs them to their destination. Where immigrants are detained and liable to be 
 returned, the society interests itself to secure their release. During last year only 
 five cases were deported. Mr. M. E. Selenkow is the president, Mr. P. S. Shochet 
 the secretary. 
 
 6. Young Ladies' Benevolent Society, organized in 1900. During the past 
 eleven months 877 girls and women were assisted. The chief work of the organiza- 
 tion, to which 300 working girls belong, is taking care of sick girls and of women 
 in confinement. Miss Sara Carmel is president. Miss Mary Shaievith the secretary. 
 
 7. Ladies' Auxiliary Society, organized in October, 1908, is the amalgamation 
 of three auxiliaries connected with the various societies. It furnishes wearing ap- 
 parel, linen, etc., to the different societies. Mrs. M. Eubin is the president, Miss 
 A. Levinson the secretary. 
 
 ^< 
 
 THE JEWS IN BALTIMORE EDUCATION 
 
 By Eev. Dr. William Eosexau. 
 
 In a history of the Jews of Baltimore, a word is in place concerning their activ- 
 ity educationally in this community. The activity Baltimore Jews manifested is 
 not confined to religious instruction, but extends into the secular realm. This fact 
 should not be forgotten when the Jews' participation in the upbuilding of the 
 municipality along denominational, philanthropic, commercial and professional lines 
 is being considered. Education in its broadest sense has alwa.ys been looked upon in 
 Jewry as a treasure, without the possession of which no one is able to perform his full 
 duties of citizenship. Hence, no city in which the Jew has ever dwelt, either in by- 
 gone days or in the present, in other lands or in this country, can be cited but what 
 its Jewish constituency contributed to its culture. Baltimore Jewry, therefore, by its 
 efforts in educational directions, only helps to establish an all-prevailing rule. 
 
 Although the records are not available for the writing of a complete story about 
 the Jews as educators in Baltimore, and whereas this article must needs deal with 
 present-day educational interests, a few facts culled from previous times shall never- 
 theless be stated. Dr. A. B. Arnold was a member of the medical faculty of the 
 Maryland University; Dr. Aaron Friedenwald a member of the faculty of the Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons; Professor Sylvester, the celebrated English mathe- 
 matician, a member of the original faculty of Johns Hopkins University, as planned 
 by the late Dr. Oilman, and the Misses Henrietta and Bertha Szold were teachers in 
 private schools. 
 
 In the present faculty of the Johns IIopMns University are the following Jews: 
 
 Maurice Bloom field, Ph.D., LL.D., Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology. 
 
 Jacob H. Hollander, Ph.D., Professor of Political Economy. 
 
 Abraham Cohen, Ph.D., Associate in Mathematics. 
 
 Samuel Amberg, M.D., Associate in Pediatrics and Acting Assistant in Physiologi- 
 cal Chemistry and Toxicology. 
 
 William Eosenau, Ph.D., Associate in Post-Biblical Hebrew. 
 
 Louis P. Hamburger, M.D., Associate in Medicine. 
 
 54 
 
Arthur Douglass Hirsehfelder, M. D., Associate in ^Medicine. 
 
 Aaron Ember, Ph.D., Instriictor in Hebrew. 
 
 Samuel Wolman, M. D., Assistant in Medicine. 
 
 Harry S. Greenbaum, M.D., Assistant in Medicine. 
 
 Milton C. Winternitz, M.D., x\ssistant in Pathology. 
 
 Flora Pollock, M.D., Assistant in Gynecology. 
 
 Fabian Franklin, Ph.D., LL.D., Lecturer on Political Economy. 
 
 Since the organization of the University 16 Fellowships have been held by Jews. 
 Twenty Jews have received the degree of Ph.D., 38 the degree of M.D., 112 the de- 
 gree of A.B., and 4 that of Proficient in Applied Electricity. 
 
 In the Woman's College of Baltimore (now called the Goucher College) 17 
 Jewish women have received the degree of A.B. 
 
 In the University of Maryland School of Medicine the following Jews hold posi- 
 tions in the faculty : 
 
 Jose L. Hirsh, B.A., M.D., Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology and Visiting 
 Pathologist to the University Hospital. 
 
 Jos. E. Gichner, M.D., Clinical Professor of Medicine and Associate Professor of 
 Materia Medica. 
 
 Irving J. Spear, M.D., Clinical Professor of Neurology and Psychiatry. 
 
 Harry Adler, B.A., M.D., Clinical Professor of Medicine and Director of the Clin- 
 ical Laboratory. 
 
 H. L. Sinsky, M.D., Demonstrator of Materia Medica. 
 
 Leo Karlinsky, M.D., Assistant in Histology and Embryology. 
 
 In the University of Maryland Law School Eli Frank, Esq., is a lecturer upon 
 "Title to Ecal Property and Conveyance." 
 
 In the University of Maryland Dental Department 31 Jews have been grad- 
 uated. 
 
 Among the alumni of the Baltimore Laiv School are five Jews. 
 
 In the faculty of the Baltimore Medical College are Dr. Sydney M. Cone (Pro- 
 fessor of Pathology and Orthopedic Surgery) and Dr. W. B. Wolf (Clinical Profes- 
 sor of Genito-Urinary Diseases). 
 
 In the Dental Department of the Baltimore Medical College Dr. Sydney M. 
 Cone is Professor of Pathology and Dr. B. Myer and Dr. W. S. Eosenheim are 
 Clinical Instructors. 
 
 In the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery Dr. Bernard Myer is a member of 
 the Board of Visitors, and sixteen Jews have been graduated at this institution. 
 
 In the College of Pliysicians and Surgeons the following Jews are among the 
 
 faculty : 
 
 Harry Friedenwald, A.B., M.D., Professor of Ophthalmology and Otology. 
 
 Julius Friedenwald, A.M., M.D., Professor of Gastro-Enterology and Director of 
 Clinical Laboratory, 
 
 Melvin Eosenthal, M.D., Associate Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery and Der- 
 matology. 
 
 Abraham Samuels, Ph.G., M.D., Associate Professor of Gynecology. 
 
 Alfred Ullman, M.D., Associate Professor of Anatomy and Assistant in Surgery. 
 
 Henry M. Cohen, M.D., Associate in Tropical Medicine. 
 
 55 
 
In the faculty of the Maryland Medical College are Clias. L. ]\Ieyer, Ph.G., 
 Associate Professor of Practical Pharmacy, and li. C. Hess, M.D., Clinical Profes- 
 sor of Dennatology. 
 
 At the ]yo7nans Medical College Dr. Claribcl Cone is Professor of Pathology. 
 
 In the Peahody Institute Monties Cohen is a Trustee and a iiioinI)er of Comiuit- 
 tee on Conservatory of Music. 
 
 On the staff of the Peahody Con.servatory is Louis Bachncr (Teacher of Piano) 
 and in the Preparatory Department the following are teachers of j^iano : 
 JSTettie Ginsberg. Carlotta Ilellor. 
 
 Eose A. Gocfme. Selma Poscnheim. 
 
 Nine Jewesses have received Teacliers' Certificates for piano, one Jew a Teach- 
 ers' Certificate for violin, and one Jewess for the organ. 
 
 of School Board of Baltimore City : 
 
 -1838. Emanuel H. Fried, Ward 4, 1897-1898. 
 William Eosenau, 1900-1910. 
 
 jitary Scliools are : 
 
 Tillie Kahn, No. 04. 
 Lawrence Kaufman, Xo. 83. 
 Tillie Laubheimer, No. 82. 
 Isabel Lazarus, No. 24. 
 Hattie E. Levin, No. 49. 
 Mignon Levin, No. 79. 
 Hilda Louis, No. (3. 
 Clara New, No. 30. 
 Eose Oppenheim, No. G. 
 Jennie Beizenstein, No. Gl. 
 Ida E. Eosenfeld, No. 39. 
 Eena Eosenthal, on leave. 
 Carrie Eow, No. 8. 
 Ida Sachs, No. 3. 
 Eosa Sachs, No. 40. 
 
 Lavinia Schleisner, r. 
 
 Florence Stromberg, No. 4. 
 Helen Stromberg, No. TO. 
 ]\Iartha Stromberg, No. 22. 
 Florence Thalheimer, No. 83. 
 Miriam Weinberg, No. G3. 
 Eegina AVeinborg, No. 94. 
 Belle Weinkrantz, No. 83. 
 Hilda H. Wolfram, No. QQ. 
 
 The following were members 
 
 J. I. Cohen, Jr. (Treasurer), 1830 
 
 H. M. Adler, 1867-1868. 
 
 S. Bernei, Ward 4, 1875-1878. 
 
 The Jewish teachers in Eleme 
 Grace A. Adler, No. 14. 
 Eobert Altman, No. 99. 
 Grace A. Ansell. 
 Mignon E. Arnold, No. 58. 
 Fannie E. Ash, No. 98. 
 Leona Baer, No. 93. 
 Florence Bamberger, S. 
 Stella H. Bamberger, No. 54. 
 Bertha C. Behrens, No. 3. 
 Estelle S. Brown, No. 61. 
 Julia Brownold, No. 62. 
 Helen Cohen, No. 31. 
 Eachel Cohen, No. 84. 
 Deborah Cohn, No. 93. 
 Flora Daniel, No. 73. 
 Olsa Ehrlich, No. 27. 
 Elise Fleugel, No. 68. 
 Helen Cans, No. 26. 
 Flora Goldsmith, No. 81. 
 Maud Goldsmith, No. 74. 
 Eay Goodman, No. 93. 
 Flora Gum];, No. 33. 
 Clara Herman, No. S3. 
 Fannie Kahn, No. 98. 
 
 In the Secondary School Mr. David E. Weglein is Principal of the Western 
 High School and Mr. Oliver Bachrach is Instructor of Mathematics at the Balti- 
 more Polytechnic Institute. Miss Carolyn Aronsohn is a theme reader at the Bal- 
 timore City College, and Miss Irene Eenier at the Baltimore Polytechiiic Institute. 
 
 .56 
 
THE JEW IN POLITICAL LIFE 
 
 By Hon. Lewis Putzel 
 
 NO account of the part played by the Jews in the political life of the State 
 would be adequate without a review of the laws affecting their political status. 
 
 Until the year 1826 a Jew could not hold a public office of any kind in the 
 State of Maryland. Article LV of the Constitution of 1776 required every public 
 official to "Also subscribe a declaration of his belief in the Christian religion." 
 Article 35 of the Declaration of Eights of 1776 likewise required a declaration of 
 a belief in the Christian religion. In the 3'ear 1795 an amendment to the Consti- 
 tution was ratified removing the disabilities of "Quakers, Menonists, Tunkers or 
 Nicolites or New Quakers." In 1824 there was an active agitation for the removal 
 of the civil disabilities of the Jews, and what was called "The Jew Bill" was in- 
 troduced in the Legislature. It was entitled "An Act for the Eelief of the Jews 
 in Maryland," and provided that "every citizen of this State professing the Jewish 
 religion, and who shall hereafter be appointed to any office or public trust under 
 the State of Maryland, shall subscribe a declaration of his belief in a future state 
 of rewards and punishments, instead of the declaration now required by the Con- 
 stitution and form of government of this State." This Act, known as Chapter 205 
 of the Acts of 1824, was passed on February 26, 1825. In conformity with the 
 provisions of the Constitution it had to be confirmed by the next Legislature. The 
 confirmatory Act is known as Chapter 23 of the Acts of 1825 and was approved 
 January 5, 1826. 
 
 The Constitution of 1851, Article 34, provided "And if the party shall pro- 
 fess to be a Jew, the declaration shall be of his belief in a future state of rewards 
 and punishments." Since January 5, 1826, the Jews have been qualified to hold 
 office in this State. The passage of that Act was quickly followed by the election 
 of two prominent Jews to the City Council of Baltimore. They were Solomon 
 Etting and Jacob I. Cohen, Jr. The Jews have always taken an active interest in 
 the public affairs of this State, and sent many soldiers to both armies during the 
 Civil War. Many public offices have been filled by them with conspicuous ability. 
 
 Isidor Bayner was a member of the House of Delegates and State Senate; he 
 was elected Attorney General of this State; was a member of the House of Eepre- 
 sentatives from the fourth congressional district for three terms, and was elected 
 to the United States Senate in 1904, and was just reelected (1910) to succeed him- 
 self. Dr. Jacob H. Hollander, professor of political economy in the Johns Hopkins 
 University, was secretary of the International Bimetallic Commission. His skill as a 
 master of finance was recognized by two Presidents of the United States. Presi- 
 dent McKinley appointed him to be the first treasurer of Porto Eico. He was sent 
 there to devise a financial system for the new colony. When the affairs of San 
 Domingo became hopelessly involved, President Eoosevelt selected him to straighten 
 out its financial difficulties. Harry B. W^olf was a member of the House of Eepre- 
 sentatives from the third congressional district. Martin Emerich, who was a mem- 
 ber of the Maryland House of Delegates, was afterwards elected to the House of 
 Eepresentatives from the City of Chicago. Isaac Lobe Strauss was a member of 
 the House of Delegates in 1902, and was elected Attorney General of the State in 
 1907, an office which he is still occupying with marked ability. Jacob M. Moses 
 
 57 
 
was a member of the Senate in 1900 and 1902, and was appointed Jiidoje of the 
 Juvenile Court in 1909. Lewis Putzel was a member of the House of Delegates 
 in 1896 and of the Senate in 1898, 1900 and 1902. He was also a member of the 
 commission that framed the New City Charter in 1898, and was City Attorney of 
 Baltimore in 1896 and 1897. Mr. David Hutzler is a member of the commission 
 that is now framing a new charter for the City of Baltimore. Leon E. Green- 
 baum was City Attorney from 1899 to 1901. Sylvan H. Lauchheimer is now the 
 first assistant of the City Solicitor of Baltimore. Martin Lehmayer was a member of 
 the House of Delegates in 1900, 1902 and 190-i, and was appointed an Associate Judge 
 of the Supreme Bench by Governor Austin L. Crothers in 1909 to fdl the vacancy 
 created by the death of Judge Conway W. Sams. Eev. Dr. William Rosenau has been 
 a member of the School Board of Baltimore City since the year 1899, when the board 
 was reorganized under the provisions of the new charter of 1898. Augustus C. 
 Binswanger is a member of the first branch of the City Council to which he was 
 elected in 1907. Philip Joseph, Benjamin J. Niisbaura, Samuel Affelder, Solomon 
 Frank, Joseph D. Seidman and William H. AVeisacher have been members of the 
 first branch of the City Council of Baltimore in recent years, and Moses N". Frank 
 was a member of the second branch of the City Council. Emanuel H. Jacobi, 
 Harry E. Fuld, Charles J. Wiener, Meyer D. Lipman, Mendes Cohen and M. S. 
 Hess have been members of the House of Delegates. Myer Block has been con- 
 nected with the Orphans' Court for thirty years and for the past six years has been 
 a judge of that court and is now its chief judge. Mendes Cohen, Joseph Friden- 
 wald, Jacob Epstein, David Ambach and many others have occupied positions on 
 important public boards. In public office their course has been marked by intelli- 
 gence, integrity and independence. They have been in fact public servants. But the 
 holding of public office is only a minor part in the political life of a people. The 
 main consideration is the amount of intelligence displayed in performing the politi- 
 cal obligations of a private citizen. The political independence of the Jews is so 
 pronounced that it is generally recognized that they are the most independent ele- 
 ment in the community. This should be their proudest boast, that they cast their 
 ballots intelligently and without permitting partisan prejudice to interfere with 
 sound judgment. The ideal citizen is the man who is able to rise above personal 
 interest and partisan prejudice to cast his ballot for the welfare of his city. State 
 and country. 
 
 58 
 
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF REV. DR. S. SCHAFFER 
 
 I was born May 4, 18G2, in Bausk, Government Courland, Eussia. In those- 
 days Courland was still a characteristic German province, although subject to 
 Eussia since 1737. The German language was the official language of the admin- 
 istration, in the courts and in the schools, and was also predominant among the- 
 various nationalities of the population. The German language was my native 
 tongue and German ideals were harmoniously interwoven with my inherited Jew- 
 ish conceptions and traditions. My father, Aaron, was a professional Hebrew 
 teacher of good standing and was highly respected for his modesty and piety. 
 My mother was a descendant of the renowned Mordechai Jaffe, who died as Eabbi 
 of Prague, 1612, and who is famous because of his great literary work called the 
 "Ten Garments" (Lebushim). Thirteen consecutive descendants of him in as 
 many generations up to the father of my mother were distinguished Eabbis and 
 served as leaders and teachers of various congregations in various countries and 
 cities. 
 
 Thanks to the tender care of my Godfearing parents and their hereditary love- 
 for knowledge, I received a thorough and broad education, chiefly in Hebrew liter- 
 ature and Jewish lore, but also in secular and general branches of learning, which 
 prepared me for my study in later years. Through the portals of the vast domain 
 of Helirew literature I was early and carefully led by the trained hand of my father 
 himself. 
 
 From my earliest youth I was thus taught and accustomed to embrace with 
 equal love and like eagerness worldly wisdom with the ancient spirit of true 
 Judaism, and I have ever since devoted my feeble strength and moderate abilities 
 to pacify both of them in practical life as well as in theor3^ 
 
 Up to the age of eighteen years I frequented various places that were famous 
 for the seats of learning (Yeshiboth) they maintained, (where hundreds of Hebrew 
 students gathered around renowned masters, as a rule the rabbis of the respective 
 cities, and received ample instruction in all branches of Jewish lore. I was always 
 quite a favorite with my colleagues because of my German habits, carriage and 
 language, and was often goodnaturedly called briefly, the German. 
 
 In 1880 Eev. Dr. Ph. Klein, now rabbi in New York City, was elected rabbi 
 by the Jewish community of the city of Libau, which is situated on the shore of 
 the Baltic Sea. Dr. Klein, who was himself a scholar and later a teacher of Dr. 
 Hildesheimer's Eabbinical Seminary in Berlin, announced, as soon as he settled in 
 Libau, that he would gladly receive, foster, instruct and prepare young students- 
 for the said Eabbinical Seminary. This general invitation I greeted with joy and T 
 grasped the opportunity without hesitation. During the three years I studied 
 in LilDau I found in the house of the worthy doctor and rabbi generous assistance, 
 proper guidance and always a hospitable welcome. My gratitude, which I deeply 
 felt for all his kindness, I humbly expressed by dedicating to him my dissertation 
 which I wrote when I completed my course in the Berlin University. 
 
 It was destined that he and I should both come to this country, he first and 
 I three years after. 
 
 Provided with a diploma from the gymnasium of Libau, and also with a warm 
 recommendation from Dr. Klein, I left in May, 1883, for Berlin, Avhere I remained 
 until the end of 1890. Here I met at first with many difficulties and hardships^ 
 
 59 
 
with which I had to contend before I could level my way and experience the cheer, 
 the good humor and exultation with which tlio native Berlin student is invariably 
 inspired. My parents could make no jiroNJsion for my needs. I had to support 
 myself by means of tuition by giving lessons in Hebrew, but it took some time 
 before I made sufficient acquaintances and procured such lessons. However, divine 
 grace never forsook me. Before long I felt in Berlin at home, and the years that 
 followed brought me genuine satisfaction, I may say real happiness, of which I 
 still think with an acute yearning somewhat akin to homesickness. Berlin was for 
 me the home where I grew to manhood and where I drew in joy from the inex- 
 haustable fountains of knowledge and science the springing waters of salvation. 
 
 I matriculated at the University of Berlin, where I devoted my time and 
 energy to the studies of philosoph}', semitics, German literature and Eoman law. 
 The latter I chose for the special purpose of comparing the Heljrew jurisprudence 
 with that of the Eomans. I studied under the tuition of Professors Sachau, 
 Schrader, Barth, Cosack, Zellcr, Von Cuny and Simmel. 
 
 At the same time I entered the rabbinical seminary of Dr. Hildcshcimer, where 
 I completed my rabbinical studies in a more systematic manner and with more 
 scientific application than my i^revious* instructors were used to teach. 
 
 I had thus as much food for the brains as I possibly could assimilate, and as 
 part of my time was occupied with the work of instruction I was compelled to 
 make use of the greater part of the night in order to accomplish my daily task with- 
 out delay. However, I stood the work and the strain well and I found also time 
 for the specific but innocent student's jollifications. 
 
 In 1889 I graduated, after passing a satisfactory examination before the 
 Professors Delitsch, Heinze and Maucrnl)recher of the University of Leipzig. The 
 charges for the examination are less in Leipzig than in Berlin, and as the honors 
 are equal, it is customary with the less fortunate students to ask for permission to 
 be examined in the university of the former city. I presented before examination 
 a quite voluminous dissertation on law and morals according to the Talmud, and 
 received my diploma as Doctor of Philosophy. 
 
 In 1890 I graduated also from the ral)l)inical seminary and was equipped witli 
 a diploma as rabbi. The following year I returned to my native country, where I 
 again submitted to the trial of close examinations and obtained formal ordination 
 from the famous Eabbi Isaac Elchonon Spector, of Kovno, and the equally re- 
 nowned Eabbi Alexander Moses Lapidus, of Rossieny. 
 
 The hardships of the examinations to which I was subjected in the house of 
 the latter rabbi were more than mollified by the good fortune I thus had to make 
 acquaintance with his youngest daughter, herself well read in Hebrew literature, 
 whose love I gradually won and who finally consented to share with me equally joy 
 and troubles. 
 
 Some tvouljle was still in store for me. Owing to the prevailing peculiar polit- 
 ical conditions in Germany it Avas impossible for me as a foreigner to obtain there 
 a jjosition as rabbi, and having breathed the free air of Germany I could not make 
 u]i my mind to imprison myself in the lion's den and remain in Eussia, so I had 
 to turn my attention to this country of liberty and political equality. 
 
 Again divine grace favored mo in an utterly unexpected manner. 
 
 The congregation Shoarith Israel, that had never before employed the spiritual 
 aid and guidance of a rabbi, just then decided to engage a ral)bi and requested Dr. 
 Hildesheimer to recommend one of tlio large numl)(.'r of his disciples. I was 
 heartily recommended, and before I was three weeks in tliis country I was unan- 
 imously elected to my present position. 
 
 ()f) 
 
I must at this place pay a debt of gratitude to my friend B. Z. Eosuiibaum, 
 who at that time made an earnest and strong effort to bring about my election. I 
 acknowledge this fact with all my heart. 
 
 On January 1, 1893, I was installed in office and I assumed my work with 
 zeal and thankfulness to Him who had so mercifully guided my steps and had 
 finally granted the desire of my heart and the ambition of my soul. 
 
 Ten weeks later my then intended. Miss Anna Lapidus, arrived from the old 
 country accompanied by one of her sisters and, March 19th, we Avere united in 
 marriage in the synagogue of my assumed activities before my own congregation 
 by the then cantor of the same place of worship. 
 
 Seventeen years have now passed since then. These were years of hard work 
 and steady application, since I had to cope with the difficulties of a strange language 
 I had never heard before besides my many daily duties. These were also years of some 
 cares, worries and troubles of which we cannot and must not complain. These varia- 
 tions constitute an inevitable, indispensable and very important part of life itself. 
 •Sunshine and light would be but little appreciated if there were no shadows, no com- 
 plete darkness, nor would joy and happiness be properly valued if there were no 
 grief, no troubles. But I may state with gratification that these years were by 
 no means years of disappointment. Those who uphold the banner of tradition and 
 struggle for the perpetuation of unaltered Judaism have a difficult task in this 
 country. Life is here by no means easy and smooth, and the average man thinks 
 that under the burdens which religion imposes life is almost intolerable. It re- 
 quires something stronger than the flow of eloquence to convince the people at 
 large that the more readily and more willingly the burdens of religion are borne, 
 the easier, the sweeter, the happier is life with all its material drudgeries, labors 
 and sufferings. However, this truth is slowly but steadily spreading, and this is 
 a great cause for satisfaction. It is a satisfaction to be on the side of the truth, 
 although I am far from Ijeing so conceited as to believe that my exertions had in 
 any way helped to bring about the change in the general convictions. 
 
 No less gratifying is the fact that the congregation is steadily growing, both 
 in number and in importance. It commands the respect of the whole community 
 of this city and it can be safely stated without exaggeration that it also stands as 
 a model of its kind among all orthodox congregations of this country. It cannot 
 but exercise a strong and beneficial influence and incite others to follow its example 
 and to adopt its methods both in the management and in the mode of conducting 
 the services. The relations between the congregation and myself are in every respect 
 harmonious and most cordial. I love the congregation and I have strong proofs 
 that this feeling is fully reciprocated. 
 
 Outside of my work for the congregation I also find time to take a lively 
 interest in Zionism, which I cannot separate from Judaism, 
 
 I am blessed with a happy family life, with five good children : the oldest, 
 who bears the name of my father, is fifteen years old; the youngest, who is named 
 after my father-in-law, is eight years old, and three promising girls, Grace, Molly 
 and Eose, are between the two. 
 
 I am happy and grateful to Him who protects us all. 
 
 61 
 
SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF THE SHEARITH ISRAEL 
 
 CONGREGATION. 
 
 By I^j:v. Dr. S. Sciiaffeu. 
 
 THE Shearith Israel Congregation is a union of two small congregations which 
 consolidated in the year 1879 for the express purpose of forming a stronger 
 body that would be more able to resist the influences of Eeform which at that time 
 was steadily growing. A building was then bought, corner Greene and German 
 Streets, and solemnly dedicated as their place of worship. L. Gotten, who was the 
 first president, H. P. Cohn, Dr. Aaron Friedenwald, Joseph Grinsfelder. Jacob Gun- 
 dersheimer, Simon Halle, Jacob Hecht, Joseph Bergman, Meier Plant, Joseph 
 Nusbaum, Isaac Miller, Leib Gutman, the brothers Moses, Louis, Abe and Lazer 
 Strauss, and Moses Schloss constituted the mainstay of the Congregation, both 
 by their material assistance and, what is a great deal more, by their noble example of 
 faithful adherence to tradition without compromise. Soon after, Moses Strauss was 
 elected president of the Congregation, in which capacity he served with unbounded 
 love, devotion and dignity to the last day of his active, worthy and pious life. He 
 expired June 20, 1905. During the first thirteen years the Congregation had no 
 spiritual leader. The cautious servants of their Maker could find no one in this 
 country whom they could safely entrust with their spiritual welfare. Towards the 
 end of 1893 the Congregation wrote to Dr. Hildesheimer, in Berlin, the capital city 
 of Germany, and requested him to recommend one of the disciples of his Eabbinical 
 Seminary which he founded and to which he gave his entire energy and time. The 
 present Eabbi, Dr. S. Schaffer, was recommended, and immediately elected. He 
 was installed in office January 1, 1893. With the beginning of the new century the 
 tendency to move to the northwestern part of the city made itself strongly felt, and 
 equally the need of a Synagogue in that section of the city. But as most of the old 
 members had already departed from this world, a fresh support of new members was 
 absolutely necessary. With the untiring aid of T. Silberman the w^ork began, and 
 among those who heartily responded were Jacob Castelberg, Israel Levenstein, A. 
 Greenstein, Solomon Todes, S. Singer, M. L. Bloom, J. Blum, Adler Brothers, S. 
 Levenson, L. Lutzky, S. Markel, J. Macht, T. Baker, M. Sworzyn, B. Freedman, J. 
 Makover, S. Eauneker, W. Plehinger and Harry Silverman. These, together with 
 the descendants of the departed members and those who had joined the Congrega- 
 tion in course of the years between 1880 and 1900, among whom were Alex Cohn, 
 Simon Neuberger, B. Z. Eoscnbaun, Samuel Senker and Joseph Goldstein, formed 
 a renewed congregation of efficient strength and means to build an elaborate and 
 beautiful edifice. In 1903 the Synagogue on McCulloh near Bloom Street was 
 erected and duly dedicated. Among those who joined the Congregation since then 
 may be mentioned J. Lubin, Israel Fein, Louis Fein, S. Seliger. S. Baroway, L. 
 Katzner, J. Miller, D. Kaiser, H. Ades, Joseph Strauss and G. Levenson. Manes 
 Strauss, of the firm of Strauss Bros., is the present President, P. W. Gunderheimer, 
 A^ico-President, who with T. Silberman, Meyer Strauss, S. Senker, S. Neuberger, I. 
 Levenstein, Hyman Cohn and M. Plant constitute the Board. E. Jaffe is Cantor of 
 the Congregation. 
 
 62 
 
HISTORY OF THE BALTIMORE HEBREW CONGREGATION 
 
 (Madison Avenue Temple.) 
 
 THE Baltimore Hebrew Congregation was incorporated under the laws of the 
 State of Maryland, January 19, 1830. This was the first charter granted to 
 a Jewish organization in Maryland. Under the laws of the State the charter could 
 not have been granted much earlier, for up to the year 1826 the Jew did not possess 
 equal rights in Maryland with his Christian neighbor. This explains the buying of 
 a piece of ground for a Jewish burial place by individuals. Thus ,in 1801, Charles 
 Carroll of Carrollton sold to Levi and Solomon Etting a lot in Enson's town, near 
 Jew Alley (near East Monument Street), to be used as a cemetery. This was the 
 general Jewish burial ground up to 1832, when the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation 
 bought three acres of ground on the Belair Eoad, in Baltimore County, for a congre- 
 gational cemetery. 
 
 The first regular Minyan (public service) was established in the autumn of 
 1826. The service was held in the home of Zelma Eehine, on HalKday, near Pleasant 
 Street. The Minyan, that met in tbe home of Eehine, led to the organization of the 
 first Jewish congregation. Though "the Jew Bill," by which all disabilities were 
 removed, had passed both Houses, the granting of the charter to the congregation, 
 as we shall see, brought forth some opposition. In December, 1829, H. Hunt pre- 
 sented in the House of Delegates a memorial of "sundry citizens of the City of 
 Baltimore," praying that they may be incorporated under the name and style of 
 *'The scattered Israelites, for the purpose of building a synagogue." The bill, en- 
 titled "An Act to incorporate the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation," was favorably 
 reported by a committee of three members and passed on its first reading. On its 
 second reading the bill was rejected by a decisive majority. On motion of Mr. 
 Thomas, of St. Mary's, the vote of the House was reconsidered, and the bill was 
 passed January 19th. A few days later the Senate acted favorably. The charter 
 members were : John Maximilian Dyer, Lewis Silver, Levi Benjamin, Joseph 
 Osterman and Moses J. Millem. 
 
 In early years the congregation was familiarly referred to as "The Stadt Schul" 
 (the City Synagogue). The congregation outgrew its quarters every few years. At 
 first it occupied a room, corner Bond and Fleet Streets, over a grocery; then in 1833 
 it moved to North Exeter Street, near what is now Lexington Street. In 1835 the 
 congregation occupied an one-story dwelling on High Street, near the bend, between 
 Fayette and Gay Streets. In 1837 a three-story brick dwelling, corner of Harrison 
 Street and Etna Lane, was acquired by the congregation. The money for the build- 
 ing was raised by the members, and the ground was donated by its owner, Levi 
 Benjamin, who was one of the charter members and served many years as treasurer. 
 The congregation worshipped on Harrison Street until the completion of the syna- 
 gogue on Lloyd Street, in 1845. The synagogue was dedicated on September 26th, 
 and, being the first event of its kind that had ever taken place in Maryland, it at- 
 tracted much attention. The services were conducted by Eabbis Samuel M. Isaacs, 
 of New York City, and Isaac Leeser, of Philadelphia, and Abraham Eice, the rabbi 
 of the congregation. In 1860 the synagogue had become too small and its seating 
 capacity was materially enlarged. Beginning about 1880, a number of Jewish 
 families had moved into the northwestern section of the city, and it became neces- 
 
 63 
 
sary for the congregation to locate np-town. It was largely due to the untiring efforts 
 of i)r. A. Bettelheim, the rabbi of the congregation, that the Madison Avenue Temple, 
 corner Madison Avenue and Eobert Street, was built. The new temple was dedi- 
 cated with elaborate ceremony on September 25, 1891. Dr. Bettelheim having died 
 before the completion of the temple, Dr. A. Guttmacher was elected his successor. 
 The architecture of the temple is Byzantine. The cost of it is $150,000. 
 
 The early membership was largely made up of Jews coming from Holland, 
 especially of those who had previously emigi'ated to the West Indies. In 1S35 many 
 German Jews came to Baltimore and soon outnumbered the Portuguese and Dutch 
 Jews. In 1832 the congregation had 29 members, 41 in 1835, 59 in 1839, 112 in 
 1849, 148 in 1860. The organization of the congregation was largely due to John M. 
 Dyer, a charter member and the first president. Thus, also, the building of the 
 synagogue on Lloyd Street was brought about by the energy of his son, Leon Dyer, 
 who served seven years as president. 
 
 The first regularly ordained rabbi of the congregation was Abraham Eice, who 
 came here from Wuertzburg, Germany, in 1840. Up to the time of his death he 
 was the acknowledged champion of uncompromising orthodoxy. Eev. Dr. Henry 
 Hochheimer, one of the first rabbis who had received a university training in Ger- 
 many, was the second rabbi of the congregation, from 1849-59. He was followed 
 by Eabbis Illoway, Hofman, Fluegel, Bettelheim and by the present incumbent, 
 Eev. Dr. A. Guttmacher, who was elected in 1891. The cantor of the congregation 
 is Eev. J. Schwancnfeld, who succeeded Eev. J. D. Marmor in 1904. 
 
 The officers of the congregation are : 
 
 Moses Frank President 
 
 Max Greif Vice-President 
 
 SoDY Salabes Treasurer 
 
 Solomon' Preiss Secretanj 
 
 ]\Iembers of the Board : 
 
 Simon Eosenburg Leopold Eiseman 
 
 Dr. Sidney Cone Louis Federleicht 
 
 Jacob B. Cahn Isaac Davidson 
 
 The congregation maintains a Sabbath School, which is attended by 250 
 children, in charge of ten paid teachers. 
 
 64 
 
OHEB SHALOM CONGREGATION. 
 
 By Eev. Dr. William Rosexau. 
 
 The Olieb Shalom congregation, Avorshipping in the Temple located at the 
 northeast corner of Eutaw Place and Lanvale Street, was organized in 1853. Its 
 formation was prompted by the desire on the part of its charter members to see the 
 moderate reform tendency represented in Baltimore Jewry. The initial meeting of 
 the congregation was held October 1, 1853. The late Jnlius Stiefel was elected 
 president; Simon Cohen, vice-president; Moses Oettinger, treasurer; and M. H. 
 Weil, secretary. The committee, appointed at that time to select an appropriate 
 place of worship, recommended the third story of Osceola Hall, at the northeast 
 corner of Gay and Lexington Streets, at which place the first divine service of the 
 congregation was conducted in the latter part of Xoveml^er. The first Eeader was 
 the lately deceased Isaac Hamburger, who officiated regularh', until Cantor xA.lt- 
 nieyer was elected. 
 
 Although the new organization was not looked upon with favor by the parent 
 body, the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, from which it had seceded, and did not 
 enjoy the good-will of sister institutions, the reasonable platform, which Oheb Sha- 
 lem had laid down for itself, coupled with the unabated enthusiasm of its constit- 
 uents, soon tended to increase its ranks. Like all other congregations at that time, 
 Oheb Shalem realized the necessity of possessing a cemetery, and, therefore, the pur- 
 chase of a tract of land on the Trapp Eoad, beyond Canton, was effected. 
 
 While the congregation had reason to be satisfied with its steady growth, it 
 justly felt that the permanence of its movement lay in the exposition of the religion 
 of Israel. It was, therefore, determined that a Eabbi should be engaged, and only 
 such a one who combined Avithin himself Eabbinical and scientific training, so that 
 he would be in a position to preach the traditions of Israel as illumined by the con- 
 clusions of the newer school of thought. The first preacher to occupy this newly 
 created position was Eev. Salomon, who, arriving in this city in 1854, immediately 
 introduced, on the Feast of Weeks of that year, the confirmation of boys and girls, 
 regarded in those days an important step toward reform. During Salomon's incum- 
 bency, Abram Lissner became the Cantor of the congregation, and, upon Salomon's 
 retirement in 1856, S. M. Landsberg was chosen his successor. During his admin- 
 istration many changes Avere made in the ritual — changes Avhich, for the most part, 
 consisted of the omission of unimportant prayers. 
 
 The year 1858 marks a ncAV era in the life of the congregation. Oheb Shalom 
 had outgroAvn its first home. An imposing church, located on Hanover Street below 
 Lombard, was purchased, remodelled and dedicated by the Eev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise, 
 of Cincinnati. Landsberg had resigned his position as Eabbi and the congregation 
 immediately proceeded to bring to this country from Europe a Eabbi, Avho Avas to 
 become a leader in American Israel. For quite a Avhile the hope of procuring the 
 celebrated Dr. Abraham Geiger Avas entertained. He could not, hoAvever, be per- 
 suaded to come to the ncAV Avorld. Dr. Benjamin Szold, a young man of scholarship 
 and promise, having the endorsement of the Dean of the Eabluuical Seminary at 
 Breslau, Avas later elected to fill the vacancy. In September, 1859, Dr. Szold arrived 
 in this country, and the Sabbath on Avhich he deliA'ered his inaugural sermon was an 
 occasion of marked historical sigiiificance in the community. 
 
 65 
 
Standinr;-, as Dr. Szold did, for moderate reform and meeting with success, 
 both immediate and constant, it is not surprising that he met with opposition in va- 
 rious quarters. Dr. Szold's influence was felt not only by his own congregation but 
 also in the community at large. Soon after his arrival he planned a prayer book, 
 "Abodath Israel," which was in accordance with the needs of the times, and sup- 
 planted in many congregations throughout America the ritual then in use. 
 
 In 1866 the Rev. Alois Kaiser, a pupil of the famous Sulzer, was brought to 
 America as Oheb Shalom's Cantor. Szold and Kaiser worked together for several 
 decades — the former exerting a telling influence upon the Jewish life of the commu- 
 nity by means of the spoken and written word, the latter by means of musical com- 
 positions reflecting the spirit of Jewish idealism in song. During Szold's and Kai- 
 ser's administration many justifiable innovations were introduced, all of which had 
 but one object in view, namel}^, the greater beauty and inspiring character of the di- 
 vine service. 
 
 While much credit for the steady spiritual growth of Oheb Shalom must be be- 
 stowed on these two faithful servants of the Lord, who, alas, have gone to their eter- 
 nal reward, its institutional prosperity must be attributed to the energy and wis- 
 dom of Isaac Strouse, who has been President for the past thirty years, and who has 
 always enjoyed the earnest co-operation of men like the late Vice-President William 
 Schloss, the present Vice-President, Henry Sonneborn, and efficient Boards of Di- 
 rectors. It was during Mr. Strouse's presidency that many important movements 
 were launched, among w^hich the construction of the present handsome Temple, rep- 
 resenting an investment of $260,000, is the most important. The cornerstone of the 
 Temple was laid on June 29, 1892 ; and on September 3, 1892, Dr. William Eosenau, 
 the present incumbent, was installed as Eabbi to succeed Dr. Szold, whom the con- 
 gregation pensioned on account of declining health. Upon the death of the late 
 Alois Kaiser, the present Cantor, Eev. Jacob Schuman, was chosen. 
 
 Ko sketch of the history of the congregation would be complete without men- 
 tioning the valuable contribution made to its growth by the excellent choir the con- 
 gregation has alwaj^s maintained. 
 
 Since September, 1893, marking the removal of the congregation to its present 
 home, its constituency has grown to such an extent that the seating capacity of the 
 building, amounting to 1,950, is almost entirely rented. 
 
 The congregation belongs to the so-called "Moderate Eeform" wing of the 
 Synagogue. 
 
 Among its educational activities the following should be noted. It maintains 
 a religious school meeting every Sunday, with an enrollment of 225 pupils. Its cur- 
 riculum covers a course of eight years, and in it the several grades are taught by ex- 
 perienced salaried teachers. A post-confirmation class is in existence for the purpose 
 of getting the young people together for the study of current Jewish topics. Two 
 Bible classes are conducted. In addition to educational activities, the ladies of the 
 congregation maintain an auxiliary society. 
 
 ^^Ulf '^'^—^^- 
 
 66 
 
CHIZZUK AMOONAH SYNAGOGUE 
 
 THE Congregation "Chizziik Amoonali" was organized in April, 1871. Dis- 
 satisfied with changes made in the ritual of the old Baltimore Hebrew Con- 
 gregation, at that time worshipping on Lloyd Street, a loyal band of gentlemen, 
 who were determined to adhere to the traditional usages and to abide by the pre- 
 scribed ritnal as they received it from their ancestors, secured a hall on North Exeter 
 Street at the call of the late Judah Eosewald, beginning their religious services with 
 twenty-five members. Mr, Eosewald was the first president ; Mr. Jonas Fridenwald, 
 vice-president; H. S. Hartogensis, secretary; Philip Herzberg, treasurer, and Mr. 
 S. Nussbaum and N. Kaufman. There they continued to meet for five years, after 
 which time a synagogue was erected on lAojd Street. Eev. Dr. Schneeberger, of 
 New York, was invited to dedicate the new synagogue, and a month later, in Sep- 
 tember, 1876, he received a call from the congregation and was elected rabbi- 
 preacher and superintendent of the school. Eev. L. Heilner was made cantor, and, 
 after his death, Eev. Herman Glass, the present incumbent, was elected as cantor. 
 Mr. Eosewald, the first president, was succeeded by Mr. Jonas Priedenwald; at his 
 death, September, 1893, his son. Dr. Aaron Priedenwald, became president, who 
 in turn, in August, 1902, was succeeded by Mr. M. S. Levy, the present incumbent. 
 In the year 1895 the congregation .moved to its present place of worship, on Mc- 
 Culloh and Mosher Streets, a building that cost $60,000. 
 
 The present officers are : 
 
 Mr. M. S. Levy President 
 
 Dr. Harry Friedenwald Vice-President 
 
 ]\Ir. Benjamin Friedman Treasurer 
 
 Mr. Milton Fleischer Secretary 
 
 The Board of Managers is composed of : 
 
 Mr. William Levy Mr. Louis H. Levin 
 
 Mr. Sigfried Neuberger Mr. Emanuel Hecht 
 
 Mr. Louis Steppacher Mr. Max Cohn 
 
 School Board is composed of: 
 
 Dr. Harry Friedenwald 
 B. Friedman S. jSTeuberger 
 
 Activities of the Congregation 
 
 1. Congregational School daily for study of Hebrew. 
 
 2. Free Sunday School. Total number of pupils, 80. 
 
 3. Ladies' Auxiliary Association. 
 
 4. Junior Auxiliary Society of young ladies, with a membership of 83. 
 
 5. Monthly lectures by prominent speakers, and occasional addresses from 
 leading rabbis of the country. 
 
 C^4^^^ ^^><iJW^t:.^J^<^-^^^^^^ 
 
 
 67 
 
REV. DR. HENRY WILLIAM SCHNEEBERGER 
 
 Eev. Dr. Ilcnry William Sclincoberper, who is identified with the Chizuk 
 Emuuali Congregatiou over thirty-four years, was bora in the city of Xew York in 
 September, 1848, the son of Eegina and Signnmd Schneeberger, a well-known mer- 
 chant. At an early age he showed a strong inclination for the ministry, an inclina- 
 tion fostered by his father, who saw to it that his son should receive a thorough edu- 
 cation and training under the best teachers. Eabbi Schneeberger received his sec- 
 ular knowledge in the public schools of his native city, at Columbia Preparatory 
 School, under Dr. Anthon, and took a course at Columbia College, where he obtained 
 the degrees of B.A. and M.A. Technical studies were conducted under the late Mr. 
 Sachs and Professor Newman of London. After graduating from Columbia he 
 went abroad to attain a rabbinical knowledge at the seminary of the late Dr. M. 
 Lehman of Mayence for some time, Avhen he left for the city of Eisenstadt, Hun- 
 gary, where the late Dr. I. Hildesheimer presided over his rabbinical college, and 
 tlien followed him to Berlin, where he spent two years at the theological seminary 
 Dr. Hildesheimer established ; here he obtained a thorough training, and here he 
 received his rabbinical diploma from Dr. Hildesheimer. AVhile in Europe he at- 
 tended the universities of Jena, Berlin and Vienna. Eeturning to Xew York in 
 1872, Dr. Schneeberger was elected rabbi and superintendent of the congregation 
 Poel Zedek. In 1876, as above stated, he received a call to his present congregation 
 in Baltimore, whose pulpit he occupies to this day. 
 
 On October 20, 1901, the twenty-fifth anniversary of his connection with the 
 congregation was celebrated by the members of the congregation and the public in 
 general. Addresses were made by Dr. Aaron Eriedenwald, Eabbis Dr. Eosenau, Dr. 
 Guttmacher and Hon. Isaac Lobe Strauss, the latter representing the former pupils,, 
 who are numbered by the thousands. During his stay in Europe Dr. Schneeberger 
 wrote "The Life and Works of Eabbi Yehooda Hanasi,'' contributed articles to the 
 "Jewish Messenger" and the '"American Hebrew of N"ew York"'; "The Eabbi and 
 the Young People" (Activities of the Eabbi), a translation of "Plessner's on 
 Prayer." Dr. Schneeberger's activities were not confined to his congregation. He 
 was for a number of years president of the Education Society, has conducted the 
 education of the immigrants in this city from their very first arrival, and has been 
 for years the superintendent of the night school of the above society; has been a 
 member of the advisor}^ board of the New York Theological Seminary, is a director 
 of the Alliance Israelite L'niverselle of the Baltimore branch, is a member of the 
 advisory council of the "American Jewish Committee," a member of the executive 
 committee of "Orthodox Jewish Congregations of the United States and Canada," 
 and is the secretary of the Hebrew Ladies' Sewing Society of Baltimore. In April,. 
 1882, he was married to Miss Sarah Xussbaun. daughter of the late Eabl)i Charles- 
 Nussbaun, of New York City. 
 
 68 
 
REV. DR. WILLIAM ROSENAU 
 
 Eabbi William Eosenau, Ph.D.^ was born at Wollstein, Germany, May 30, 1865. 
 His father was the cantor of the Jewish congregation of the place. A few years 
 later, his father removed to Hirschberg, in the province of Silesia, where William 
 attended the elementary school and the Gymnasium. In 1876 he came to this coun- 
 try with his parents, who settled in Philadelphia. There he attended the public 
 schools, and received his early Hebrew training from his father, the late Eevs. 
 George Jacobs, H. Polano and Sabato Morais. In 1883 he was sent to Cincinnati 
 to take up his theological training, graduating with the degree of B.A. from the 
 University of Cincinnati in 1888, and being ordained Eabbi by the Hebrew Union 
 College in 1889. His tirst charge was Temple Israel, Omaha, Neb., where he re- 
 mained from 1889 until 1892. In 1893 he came to Baltimore to take charge of the 
 spiritual welfare of the Oheb Shalom Congregation, as successor to the late Dr. 
 Benjamin Szold. After seventeen years of service at the Eutaw Place Temple, he 
 was only recently re-elected to serve the congregation in that capacity for five years 
 more, ending September, 1915. On August 3, 1893, Dr. Eosenau married Miss 
 Mabel Hellman, of Omaha. In 1900 Dr. Eosenau received the degree of Doctor of 
 Philosophy from the Johns Hopkins University, for special studies in the field of 
 Semetic languages. Immediately after his graduation from this institution he was 
 made Instructor in the faculty, in which he now holds the position of "Associate in 
 Post-Biblical Hebrew." Dr. Eosenau has held a number of public positions. He 
 has been second Vice-President of the Central Conference of American Eabbis from 
 1895 to 1896, Corresponding Secretary of the same organization from 1903 to 1905, 
 a member of the Board of Education of the city of Baltimore from 1900 to 1910, 
 and he is now the Vice-Chancellor of the Jewish Chautauqua Society. In addition 
 to many sermons, pul)lished in separate form, and articles printed in various jour- 
 nals, he has written the following: "Semetic Studies in American Colleges," "He- 
 braisms in the Authorized Version of the Bible," "Jewish Ceremonial Institutions 
 and Customs," "Some Ancient Oriental Academies," "Jewish Biblical Commen- 
 tators," the "Sedar Haggadah," "History of Congregation Oheb Shalom," "Prin- 
 ciples of Education Among Jews During the Eabbinical Period," and a translation 
 of the "Book of Esther" for the forthcoming English edition of the Bible to be 
 issued under the auspices of the Jewish Publication Society of America. Dr. Eose- 
 nau contributed articles to the "Jewish Encyclopsedia," an article to the "Encyclo- 
 pedia Biblica," was editor of the Jewish Comment in its early days, was an editor 
 of "Young Israel," and edited, together with Dr. Guttmacher, two numbers of the 
 Year Book of tlie Central Conference of American Eabbis, and the Conference's 
 "Synod" publication. 
 
 69 
 
REV. DR. ADOLF GUTTMACHER 
 
 Adolf Gilt tin acher, son of jManliciiii and ])oi'()(li('a (hittniaclier, ^vas born in 
 Germany, January 7, ISGl. Ilis father was a merchant, a State Elector, and noted 
 for his piety. Adolf's education began in an elementary school, later he attended 
 the Jewish Boys' School and the Jewish Teachers' Seminary, in Berlin. His edu- 
 cation was continued in this country (to which he came in 1884) at the University 
 of Cincinnati, the Johns Hopkins University and the Hebrew Union College of 
 Cincinnati. He graduated from the University of Cincinnati and the Hebrew Union 
 College in the same year, 1889. He attended the Semetic Graduate Department of 
 Johns Hopkins University, where he received the Ph.D. degree in 1900. Dr. Gutt- 
 niacher has also received the degrees of B.L. and Eabbi. From 1889 to 1891 he was 
 Eabbi at Port Wayne, Indiana, and from 1891 and at present Eabbi of the Balti- 
 more Hebrew Congregation. Eabbi Guttmacher has wa'itten "Optimism and 
 Pessimism in the Old and New Testaments" and the "Sabbath School Companion." 
 His preferred reading is the Bible and the works of Goethe and Emerson, and he is 
 a great lover of music. Eabbi Guttmacher's recommendations to mankind are "Hon- 
 esty and diligent application." On June 14, 1892, Dr. Guttmacher married Miss 
 Laura Oppenheimer, and he is the father of three children. 
 
 REV. DR. CHARLES A. RUBENSTEIN 
 
 Charles A. Euljenstein, Eabl)i of Har Sinai Congregation, was born in Eiga, in 
 the year 1870. He is the son of Isaac and Frieda Bliden Eubenstein. In 1883 he 
 came to this country and entered the public schools at Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1887 
 he began his studies at the University of Cincinnati, from which he graduated in 
 1891 with the degree of Bachelor of Letters. In the meantime he had been re- 
 ceived in the Hebrew Union College, from which he likewise graduated in the year 
 1891 as rabbi. In the same year he received a call from the Eefonn Congregation 
 B'nai Israel at Little Eock, Ark., where he remained until 1897. During his min- 
 istry in Little Eock the Eeform Congregation greatly increased in membei-ship. A 
 new Temple was built and dedicated under his direction in 1896. 
 
 Feeling that his labors in Little Eock had been completed, Eabbi Eubenstein 
 resigned his charge the following year to devote a year entirely to his studies. He 
 matriculated at Columbia University, New York, as a post-graduate student in 
 philosophy, and in June, 1898, received the degree of Master of Arts. In May of 
 that year he received a call from his present congregation, Har Sinai. 
 
 Eabbi Eubenstein has taken great interest in civic and philanthropic move- 
 ments both in Little Eotk and in Baltimore. He has for a number of years served 
 as a director of the Female House of Befuge and the Instruction Visiting Nurses' 
 Association of this city and of the Hebrew Orphan Home of Atlanta, Ga. In 1902 
 he was a member of the Citizens' Committee that received Prince Henry of Prussia 
 on his visit to Baltimore. 
 
 70 
 
CHAMBERLIN METAL WEATHER STRIP COMPANY 
 
 B. WOOD BURCH, Manager 
 Baltimore OiEce 
 441 EQUITABLE BUILDING 
 
 Washington Office 
 218 BOND BUILDING 
 
 Cliambei'lin Metal Weather Strip is more than a weather strip. Let us mention 
 a few of the things it was designed to do and does. Our strip is not an experiment, a 
 fad nor a luxury, but an economical necessity, a fact proven by a record of over one 
 million and a half windows equipped in tliis country up to the present time. Every 
 claim we make for the Chamberlin Metal Weather Strip we stand ready and anxious 
 to back up to the very last with the hard, irrefutable proof. 
 
 It is not a weather strip of wood, or rubber, or tin, or other material calculated to 
 wear and grow impotent with use. There is nothing in its entire make-up that wear 
 and usage can afl'ect to any degree. Made entireh' of zinc, bronze, copper, brass, it is 
 proof against the vagaries of the weather. 
 
 A few of the buildings whicli we have equipped with the Chamberlin Metal Weather 
 Strip in Baltimore and AVasliington : 
 
 BALTIMORE 
 
 Marlborough Apartments 
 
 Mt. Royal Apartment-; 
 
 Walbert Apartments 
 
 Washington Apartment? 
 
 Hebrew Orphan Asylum 
 
 Mt. De Sales College 
 
 St. Mary's Industrial School 
 
 St. Mary's Seminary 
 
 Sacred Heart Convent 
 
 Woman's College 
 
 Mt. Hope Retreat 
 
 St. Joseph's Hospital 
 
 Altamont Hotel 
 
 Stafford Hotel 
 
 Maryland Club 
 
 Phoenix Club 
 
 Calvert and Equitable Buildings 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 House of Represetitatives 
 
 Ontario Apaitments 
 
 Kenesaw Apartments 
 
 Ethelhurst Apartments 
 
 Florence Court 
 
 Stonleigh Court 
 
 Army War College 
 
 Trinity College 
 
 Holy Cross College 
 
 Homeopathic Hospital 
 
 Government Hospital for Insane 
 
 Garfield Hospital 
 
 Bureau of Engraving and Printing 
 
 Citizens' National Bank 
 
 American National Bank 
 
 House of Representatives Office Building 
 
 United States Capitol 
 
 "THE ELLIOTT AUTO LIGHTER" 
 
 (patent applied for) 
 
 Lights Acetylene Lamps Without Leaving the Seat or Stopping Car 
 
 CHAS. ELLIOTT & CO. 
 
 GENERAL AUTOMOBILE SUPPLY BROKERS 
 422 NORTH CHARLES STREET 
 
REV. JACOB SCHUMAN 
 
I. ISAACS 
 
 Ladies* Tailor and Habit Maker 
 
 320 NORTH CHARLES STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The above is a facsimile of the gold medal awarded to 
 Mr. I. Isaacs at the National Style Show and Convention, 
 Washington, D. C, 1910, for excellency of style, work- 
 manship and originality. 
 
 Mr. Isaacs established the ladies' tailoring business March 1, 1898, at 210 West 
 Lexington St., but on accovmt of the great success of the business and a need of more 
 commodious quarters the present location at 320 N. Charles St. was leased. Mr. 
 Isaacs is a ladies' tailor of high reputation, having had long experience in both gen- 
 eral and artistic lines of his work and it is safe to say that he occupies as high a 
 position in the esteem of his patrons as any other ladies' tailor in the city. 
 
SOUTHERN BEDDING COMPANY 
 
 BRANCH OF ROME METALLIC BEDSTEAD CO., OF ROME, N. Y. 
 
 629-631-633 W. PRATT ST. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Southern Bedding Company was established in December, 1907, and is a 
 branch of the Rome Metallic Bedstead Company of Rome, N. Y. The line carried by 
 this house consists of brass and iron beds, cribs, bed springs and couches. The offices 
 and warehouse are at 629 West Pratt Street, and tlio States which are supplies from 
 the Baltimore branch are: Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North and South Carolina, 
 Georgia, Florida and District of Columbia, which territory is constantly traveled by 
 five salesmen. Tlie reputation of the "Rome Productions" is national in scope. 
 
 PIKESVILLE DAIRY CO. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlie Pikcsville Dairy Co. was established in 1871 by C. Lyon Rogers. Sr., Eugene 
 Backford, Sr., and Charles J. Harrison, Sr., all large farmers of Pikesville, Md., who 
 went into the milk business to find a market for the product of their own herds. All 
 the original members of the firm are dead, and the business is to-day conducted by 
 their sons. The Pasteurizing and distributing plant of the Pikesville Dairy is located 
 at Argyle Avenue and Smith Street, where is maintained one of the most scientifically 
 equipped establishments for the handling of milk in tlic country. 
 
 On arrival at our distributing jilant in Baltimore the milk is subjected to three 
 exannnations: 
 
 1st. A daily practical examination by two inspectors who have been in our employ 
 over ten years. This is to determine if the milk is sweet, clean and fresh. 
 
 2d. A chemcal examination to determine the nature and the quality of the milk, 
 and to see that it is absolutely free from any foreign substance, such as preservatives, 
 etc. 
 
 3d. A weekly bacteriological examination by Dr. Standish McClcary, of the College 
 of Physicians and Sui-geons, as to the healthfulness of the milk we receive and sell. 
 His reports are on file and open to the public. This is a radical innovation in the 
 handling of milk in Baltimore. 
 
 The Pikesville Dairy Co. handle Milk, Cream, Buttermilk and Ice Cream, and 
 forty wagons are required to handle its constantly increasing business. 
 
 71 
 
75 
 
EDGAR F. NELSON, Presiden 
 
 THOMAS G. ANDERSON Secretary and Treasurer 
 
 NELSON REFRIGERATOR COMPANY 
 
 M c C R A Y 
 
 Modern Sanitary 
 
 REFRIGERATORS 
 
 and Cooling Rooms 
 
 620 F STREET, N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 420 NORTH CHARLES STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Nelson Refrigerator Co. 
 was established in 1901 by Edgar 
 F. Nelson. Mr. Nelson is a native 
 of Virginia and was previously 
 engaged with his father, Joseph H. 
 Nelson, of Warrenton, Va., in the 
 hardware and furniture business. 
 In 190G Mr. Nelson associated 
 with him Mr. Thomas G. Ander- 
 son, of Roanoke, Va., who is now 
 secretary and treasurer of the Nel- 
 son Refrigerator Co. The original 
 location of the business was at GIO 
 Eleventh Street, N.W., Washing- 
 ton, D. C, and 206 North Liberty Street, Baltimore. The Washington office at present 
 is at 620 F Street, N.W., and the Baltimore office at 420 North Charles Street. The 
 Nelson Refrigerator Co. build and install the McCray modern sanitary refrigerators for 
 every requirement — opal glass, porcelain tile, white enamel and odorless wood-lined — 
 making a specialty of constructing to order any size refrigerator or cooling room 
 required. Among the representative institutions and families of Baltimore that are 
 using the celebrated McCray refrigerators and cooling rooms may be noted: 
 
 Phoenix Club 
 
 Hospital for the Women of Maryland 
 
 Egerton Orphan Asylum 
 
 Sheppard & Enoch Pratt Hospital 
 
 Sydenham Hospital 
 
 St. Joseph's School of Industry 
 
 Springfield State Hospital, Sykesvilk* 
 
 Frederick Bauernschmidt, 2434 Eutaw PI. 
 
 William Bauernschmidt, 2908 St. Paul St. 
 
 M. B. Eiseman, 1804 Eutaw PI. 
 Chas. W. Field, 601 Cathedral St. 
 M. W. Ganzhorn, Catonsville 
 Julius Gutman, 1714 Eutaw PI. 
 Louis K. Gutman, 1321 Eutaw PI. 
 Louis Kann, 1800 Eutaw PI. 
 Louis Lehman, 2015 Eutaw PI. 
 Isaac A. Oppenheim, 1906 Eutaw PL 
 T. H. Svmington, Roland Park 
 
 And many others wliiili wo liave not space to enumerate. 
 
 The aim of the Nelson Rcfiigcrator Co. is to furnish absolutoly the very best grade 
 of material and construction ami guarantee perfect satisfaction to each and every 
 customer. 
 
 McCRAY REFRIGERATORS ARE GUARANTEED TO GIVE LASTING SATISFACTION. 
 
 70 
 
THE PHEONIX CLUB. 
 
 The Pheonix Club was incorporated February 8, 188(3, on Park Avenue, by Lewis Lauer, 
 William L. Wolfe, IMartin Lehmayer, Simon Ualslieimer, Henry L. Strauss, Simon Stein and 
 Adolf D. Bondheim. 
 
 The club moved to its new home on Eutaw Place in 1892. The Pheonix Club was founded 
 
 for social functions. 
 
 The first president was Andrew Saks. 
 The second president was Samuel Rosenthal. 
 The third president was Lewis Lauer. 
 The fourth president was Matthew Keyser. 
 The fifth president was Albert A. Brager. 
 The sixth president was David Hutzler. 
 The seventh president was Louis K. Gutman. 
 
 The present officers are: 
 
 President ^^ouis K. Gutman 
 
 Vice-President -^- ^^^ ^'^^'^^ 
 
 Secretary Lewis Ring 
 
 Treasurer ' ■ ■^^''^ ^^'^^ 
 
 Executive Board: 
 Moses N. Frank (Chairman). 
 Martin Lehmayer. Simox Frank. 
 
 Albert Berner. Louis Hutzler. 
 
 The chairman of the Amusement Committee is Walter Katzenstein. 
 
 MEMBERS : 
 
 Ambach, M. B. 
 Ambach, Alichael 
 Ambach, D. M. 
 Ambach. Henry M. 
 Adler, Charles 
 Adler, J. L. 
 Adler, S. C. 
 Adler, S. M. 
 Brafman, Max 
 Brafm.an, Julius 
 Bergman, M. 
 Bernheimer, Ferdinand 
 Burgunder, Joseph 
 Burgunder, Henry 
 Benedict, Benjamin 
 Bickart, M. L. 
 Burger, Charles 
 Blimline, Bernard 
 Brager, A. A. 
 Brager, Lewis L. 
 Baer, Sol 
 Bear, M. H. 
 Blumenthal, E. 
 Bendann, L. 
 Block, S. J. 
 Blum, Isaac 
 Bluthenthal, Felix 
 Bluthenthal, A. 
 Benesch, A. 
 Benesch, Samuel 
 Benesch, Vv^m. M. 
 Berney, Albert 
 Berney, Louis 
 Brenner, S. M 
 
 Coblens, Louis 
 Coblens, Leon C. 
 Coblens, Charles 
 Coblens, Sidney 
 Cahn, J. B. 
 Cahn, M. U 
 Cahn, Frank B. 
 Coblens, Gilbert 
 Cohen, Moses S. 
 Dillenberg, N. 
 Drey, Elkan 
 Dealham, S., Jr. 
 Deiches, M. 
 Deiches, Herbert 
 Deiches, William 
 Eiseman, Leo 
 Eiseman, Gerson 
 Eiseman, M. B. 
 Eiseman, J. B. 
 Eiseman, William 
 Eisenberg, Abraham 
 Eichengreen, Irvin 
 Erlanger, Charles 
 Elliot, Lewis 
 Elliot, B. H. 
 Epstein, Jacob 
 Epstein, Nathan 
 Friedman, B. 
 Friedmann, S. 
 Frank, Samuel 
 Frank, Abram 
 Frank, S. H. 
 Frank, L. H. 
 Frank, S. S. 
 
 77 
 
McGINNIS DISTILLERY 
 
 "McGINNIS" PURE RYE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The A. McGinnis Company was established in 1901 by the late Arthur McGinnis. 
 the capacity being increased from time to time until 190G, when, due to the increase 
 of business, the original frame structure distillery was demolished and the present 
 fire-proof distillery was erected in its place. The present distillery has a capacity of 
 1,000 bushels daily, capable of producing a yearly output of 20,000 barrels on the 
 season's run of eight months. The distillery is one of the most modern, improved and 
 perfect plants in Maryland, and is open to the public at any time. It is surrounded 
 by sixteen acres of land. The water is of excellent quality, and, together with the 
 natural surroundings, we are able to produce the finest ^Maryland Rye. The A. Mc- 
 Ginnis Company has largely a local trade; however, we are now shipping in all direc- 
 tions of the compass, and "McGinnis Pure Rye, Bottled in Bond," can be found in most 
 every city in the United States, and has been favorabh' passed upon by some of the 
 best connoisseurs. 
 
 MARYLAND TRUST COMPANY 
 
 INCORPORATED 1894 
 
 CAPITAL, $1,500,000.00 
 
 The Maryland Trust Company was incorporated in 1894, and occupies the ground 
 floor of its magnificent eleven-story structure. The officers of the Maryland Trust Com- 
 pany at present are: 
 
 President L. S. Zimmerman 
 
 Vice-President J. V. McNeal 
 
 Secretary Carroll Van Ness 
 
 Treasurer Jervis Spencer, Jr. 
 
 Assistant Secretary ) , ^ 
 
 Assistant Treasuref \ ^^'^^ Skinner 
 
 Directors : 
 JosiAH L. Blackweli,, Douglas M. Wylie, 
 
 of J. L. Blackweli & Co., Baltimore of Wjlie, Son & Co., Baltimore 
 
 Joseph R. Foard, John T. Hill, 
 
 President The Joseph R. Foard Co. Balti- Vice-President R. C. Hoffman Co., Bal- 
 
 more timore 
 
 B. Howell Grisw^old, Jr., George C. Jenkins. 
 
 of Alexander Brown & Sons, Baltimore of Jenkins Bros., Baltimore 
 
 George Garr Henry, J. V. McNeal, 
 
 Of Wm. Salomon & Co., New York Fourth Vice-President and Treasurer, 
 
 A. Barton Hepburn, B. & O. R. R. Co. 
 
 President of Chase National Bank, New Henry C. Matthews, 
 York Of Thos. Matthews & Son. Baltimore 
 
 Grier Hersh, Oscar G. Murray, 
 
 President York National Bank, York, Pa. Chairman of Board B. & 0. R. R. Co. 
 
 L. S. Zimmerman, President 
 
MEMBERS— Cona'n«ecZ . 
 
 Frank, Simon W. 
 Frank, Louis 
 Frank, Moses N. 
 Frank, S. N. 
 Frank, L. N. 
 Frank, Myer A. L. 
 Frank, Jacob S. 
 Frank, E. L. 
 Fuld, M. E. 
 Fuld, Jonas E. 
 Friedenwald, J. H. 
 Freeman, Moses 
 Fleischer, Silas M. 
 Fox, Robert 
 Fox, Myer 
 Fox, Louis 
 Federleicht, Louis 
 Frankel, I. 
 Gusdorf, Samuel A, 
 Gundersheimer, H. 
 Gutman, L. K. 
 Gutman, Julius 
 Gutman, A. B. 
 Gutman, L. N. 
 Gutman, Morton 
 Gutman, Nelson 
 Gottschalk, Levi 
 Gottschalk, Joseph 
 Grief, Max 
 Grief, Simon 
 Grief, Leonard L. 
 Greenbaum. H. S. 
 Greenbaum, Leon E. 
 Greenbaum, Herman 
 Greenbaum, I. 
 Greenbaum, M. D. 
 Greenbaum, Laurence 
 Gans, Charles 
 Gans, William 
 Gump, A. G. 
 Gump, Lewis G. 
 Goldenberg, Moses 
 Goldenberg, David 
 Goldenberg, J. M. 
 Goldenberg, M. H. 
 Goldenberg, Levi 
 Goldenberg, Julius 
 Goldenberg, Isaac 
 Goldenberg, Joseph 
 Goldsmith, Joseph 
 Goldsmith, J. S. 
 Goldsmith, M. E. 
 Goodman, S. 
 Goldman, L. K. 
 Greensfelder, L. S. 
 Greensfelder, C. S. 
 Hamburger, P. 
 Hamburger, H. L. 
 Hamburger, S. 
 Hamburger, Leon 
 Hamburger, S. I. 
 Hamburger, Manes 
 Hamburger, Jonas 
 Hamburger, Nathan 
 Hamburger, Dr. L. P. 
 Hamburger, Morton 
 Hechheimer, Emanuel 
 Hecht, Albert S. 
 
 Hecht, B. F. 
 Hecht, N. I. 
 Hecht, A. 
 Hecht, Emanuel 
 Hecht, Eli G. 
 Hecht, Mendes H. 
 Hecht, Nathan 
 Harman, Samuel J. 
 Hechinger, Joseph 
 Hechinger, David 
 Holzman, Michael 
 Hess, M. S. 
 Hess, J. B. 
 Himmelrich, Jay 
 Himmelrich, Samuel 
 Hess, I. S. 
 Hines, Julius 
 Hines, A. W. 
 Heineman, Samuel 
 Heineman, M. 
 Heineman, Jesse 
 Heineman, Jesse INL 
 Halle, M. S. 
 Hochschild, Max 
 Harzberg, Harry 
 Harzberg, David 
 Herzberg, S. 
 Hanline, S. M. 
 Hanline, Milton L. 
 Hutzler, Abram G. 
 Hutzler, David 
 Hutzler, Louis S 
 Hutzler, G. H. 
 Hutzler, E. B. 
 Harsh, George M 
 Hable, Jacob 
 Hirschler, Isaac 
 Janowitz, R. 
 Kohn, Benno 
 Kohn, L. B. 
 Kline, S. A. 
 Keyser, M. 
 Kahn, Bernard S. 
 Kann, Lewis 
 Kann, Sigmund 
 Kahn, Moses S. 
 Kahn, Max 
 Kann, Simon 
 Kaufman, Jonas 
 Kemper, Isaac 
 Kemper, Joseph 
 Kemper, Leon 
 Kemper, David 
 Krauss, Henry 
 Kraus, G. W. 
 Kraus, Louis 
 Kraus, Jacob L. 
 Katz, A. Ray 
 Katzenstein, B. 
 Katzenstein, Walter 
 Lansburgh, S. 
 Lowenthal, Samuel D 
 Lowenthal, Daniel 
 Lauer, Martin 
 Lauer, Leon, Jr. 
 Lauer, Leon 
 Lehmeyer, Martin 
 Leopold, Isaac 
 
 79 
 
THE NATIONAL EXCHANGE BANK 
 
 OF BALTIMORE 
 
 The Xational Exehan^io 
 Bank of Baltimore was or- 
 ganized in 18G5 and has en- 
 joyed forty-four years of 
 uninterrupted progress, and 
 to-day, whilst it is one of 
 the youngest banks in the 
 city, ranks as one of the 
 largest and strongest. 
 
 The management has 
 been of the very best from 
 the beginning. 
 
 Tlie first president of 
 the bank was Daniel Miller, 
 founder of the present house 
 of Tlie Daniel Miller Co. 
 
 Our second president 
 Avas John Hurst, the founder 
 of the present house of 
 John E. Hurst & Co. 
 
 The tliird president was 
 W. T. Dixon, founder of the 
 Dixon-Bartlett Co., who was 
 president for twenty-five 
 years. 
 
 The fourth president was Summerfield Baldwin, of Woodward, Baldwin & Co., 
 who resigned on account of his company requiring his undivided attention. He is now 
 vice-president, Waldo Newcomer having succeeded him as president. 
 
 This brings us down to the present time, when we find the bank at its most pros- 
 perous stage. Mr. Newcomer, for several years having been closely connected with the 
 best financial institutions in the city, is capable and experienced, and the bank has 
 bright prospects of continued progress. R. Vinton Lansdale, the cashier, has been with 
 the institution since 1882, and is a man of wide banking experience and ability. 
 
 The list of officers is completed by C. G. Morgan, assistant cashier, wiio was recently 
 appointed. 
 
 STATEMENT AT THE CLOSE OF BUSINESS, JAN. 24, 1910 
 
 RESOURCES. 
 
 Loans and Discounts $3,622,178.84 
 
 U. S. Bonds 1,086,760.00 
 
 Bonds and Investments.... 314,687.21 
 
 Banking House and Fixtures 261,000.00 
 
 Due from Banks 547,644.60 
 
 Cash and due from Reserve 
 
 Agents 1,067.176.79 
 
 XATIOXAL EXCHANGE BANK OF BALTIMORE 
 
 LIABILITIES. 
 
 Capital $1,000,000.00 
 
 Surplus 600.000.00 
 
 Undivided Profits 99,456.77 
 
 Circulation Outstanding... 934,750.00 
 
 Deposits ''.... 4.140,240.66 
 
 U. S. Deposits 125.000.01 
 
 $6,899,447.44 
 
 $0,899,447.44 
 
 Depository for the Ux 
 
 Summerfield Baldwin 
 
 U'oodward, Baldwin & Co. 
 
 Philip Hamburger 
 
 Hamburger Bros. & Co. 
 
 Frederick P. Stieff 
 
 Chas. M. Stieff, Piano 
 
 Manufacturers 
 
 Wm. H. Mattiiai 
 
 National Enameling and 
 
 Staini)iiig Co. 
 
 ited States, State of Marylax 
 Directors : 
 Chas. W. Dorsey 
 Pres. Md. S. S. Ass'n. 
 
 Wm. B. Hurst 
 
 John E. Hurst & Co. 
 
 Eli Oppenheim 
 
 Oppenheim, Oberndorf & Co. 
 
 Samuel C. Row^laxd 
 
 N'ice-President International 
 
 Trust Co. 
 
 Waldo Newcomer 
 
 President 
 
 Charles (). Baldwin, Counsel 
 
 d and City of Baltimore. 
 
 Geo. Cator 
 
 Pres. American Bonding Co. 
 
 Wm. a. Dixon 
 
 Dixon, Bart left Co. 
 
 RoBT. ]M. Rother 
 
 Pres. Hopkins Place Savings 
 
 Bank 
 
 Wm. p. Robinson 
 
 Armstrong, Cator & Co. 
 
 Ben.t. W. Cohkran, Jr. 
 
 Strectt & Corkran Co. 
 
 80 
 
UKMBERS— Continued . 
 
 Leopold, Harry 
 Lobe, N. B. 
 Levy, William 
 Levy, Julius 
 Lieblich, G. 
 Lehman, Abraham 
 Lehman, Judah 
 Lehman, William 
 Levy, I. D. 
 Levy, Leon 
 Levi, Leon 
 Levi, Max 
 Levi, Louis 
 Liberies, Edward 
 Laupheimer, Henry 
 Laupheimer, A. C. 
 Likes, Edward M. 
 Lion, Albert 
 Landauer, Julius 
 Mann, Leonard J. 
 Mann, Wm. J. 
 Meyer, Isaar: J 
 Myers, George L. 
 Marcus, William 
 Marcus, Samuel 
 Marcus, Edward 
 Metzger, Louis A. 
 Mandelbaum, Samuel 
 Mandelbaum, Moses 
 Mandelbaum, Ansel 
 Miller, Mllliam 
 Miller, Emanuel H. 
 Miller, S. F. 
 Miller, Abraham F. 
 Miller, Jacob 
 Miller, Nathan 
 Mayer, H. E. 
 Mayer, Julius 
 Mayer, Jacob 
 Mayer, Moritz 
 Morris, Moses 
 Maass, Aaron 
 Mayer, Dr. A. H. A. 
 Meyer, Lee S. 
 Morris, William 
 Nassauer, Joel 
 Newman, IMilton S. 
 Newman, Julius 
 Newman, Leon 
 Nathan, Milton 
 Nachman, G. H. 
 Nachman, Lewis H. 
 Oppenheim, Eli 
 Oppenheim, I. A. 
 Oppenheim, JL 
 Oettinger, Henry 
 Oettinger, H. M. 
 Oettinger, Abraham 
 Oettinger, E. M. 
 Oppenheimer, A. J. 
 Oppenheimer, Henry 
 Oppenheimer, I. M. 
 Oppenheimer, Jacob 
 Oppenheimer, E. ^I 
 Oberndorff, William 
 Ottenheimer, R. M, 
 Ottenheimer, Josef 
 Pels, Julius 
 
 Pretzfelder, Henry 
 Pachholder, M. S. 
 Ring, Lewis 
 Rosenthal, J. S. 
 Rosenstock, D. G. 
 Rice, S. A. 
 Rice, J. A. 
 Rice, Emanuel 
 Rosenfeld, Israel 
 Rosenfeld, Jesse 
 Rosenfeld, Samuel 
 Rosenfeld. E. 
 Rosenfeld, Jonas 
 Rosenthal, S. 
 Rosenburg, Simon 
 Rosenburg, Samuel 
 Rosenheim, Caesar H. 
 Rosenheim, Benjamin 
 Rosenblatt, Joseph 
 Reizenstein, O. 
 Rosenheim, L. G. 
 Rosenstein, I. C. 
 Sonneborn, M. S. 
 Schiff, A. 
 Schwab, Martin 
 Stein, S. H. 
 
 Stein, S. M. 
 
 Stein, Albert 
 
 Stein, Julian S. 
 
 Siegel, Elias 
 
 Siegel, Louis 
 
 Steiner, Hugo 
 
 Salabes, S. 
 
 Sigmund, Leo 
 
 Slesinger, Louis 
 
 Slesinger, Albert 
 
 Schleisner, S. 
 
 Samuels, A. 
 
 Strauss, Abraham 
 
 Strauss, I. H. 
 
 Straus, Jesse H. 
 
 Strauss, Manes 
 
 Strauss, Sidney 
 
 Strauss, Manes 
 
 Strauss, Jesse L. 
 
 Strauss, Myer 
 
 Strauss, Leon 
 
 Strouse, Isaac 
 
 Strouse, Benjamin 
 
 Strouse, S. 
 
 Strouse, Eli. 
 
 Strouse, M. I. 
 
 Strouse, Moses S. 
 
 Straus, Joseph L. 
 
 Straus, Henry L. 
 
 Straus, Theodore L. 
 
 Straus, Alex L. 
 
 Straus, Wm. L. 
 
 Straus, Joseph H. 
 
 Straus, Aaron 
 
 Seldner, Dr. S. W. 
 
 Schloss, Louis 
 
 .Schloss, Simon 
 
 Schloss, Julius 
 
 Schloss, Michael 
 
 Schloss, D. E. 
 
 Schloss, H. O. 
 
 Sonneborn, Henry 
 
 81 
 
SCHANZE'S MODERN DRUG STORE 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA AND NOBTH AVENUES, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tliis business was establishod in 1895 by JNIr. F. W. Schanze at tlie corner of Penn- 
 sylvania Avenue and Cumberland Street. Later Mr. Sclian/.e moved to his present 
 magnificent establishment at the corner of Pennsylvania and North Avenues, which is 
 one of the best equipped and up-to-date drug stores in Baltimore City. The progress 
 of this business has been along lines of conservative enterprise and consistent integrity. 
 The scope of this business may be inferred from the fact that the services of four regis- 
 tered jiharmaeisls are required to handle its far-i'eachiiig patronage. 
 
 PETER SCHMIDT VIENNA BAKERY 
 
 SOUTHWEST CORNER GILMOR AND SARATOGA STREETS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Peter Schmidt Vienna Bakery, Gilmor and Saratoga Streets, which is one 
 of the largest bread producers in the city, began its career in a very modest way. 
 Peter Schmidt, the founder, was a man of energy and fortitude as a baker, and had a 
 far-seeing eye as to what might be attained in the handicraft of which his vocation 
 was a part, and surrendered himself faithfully to the end of getting along, and this re- 
 sulted, as is with most cases of applied brains and energy, of producing a plant in his 
 life of large proportions; but just when his ambition had favored him most, his career 
 was ended, and it fell to the sturdy manhood of his boys to carry out this monumental 
 project securely founded by him, imtil to-day they have made a name famous the town 
 over and coupled two popular breads, known to everybody as "Sweet Home" and 
 "Crusty," as their leading products. 
 
 N. MILLER 
 
 LADIES' TAILOR 
 1922 NORTH CHARLES STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. N. Miller founded this business in 1902 at 821 Madison Avenue, later moving 
 to his present quarters at 1922 North Charles Street. Mr. Miller has built up a mag- 
 nificent business as ladies' tailor, in which art he gained his efficiency by European 
 training. Mr. Miller has achieved much renown from the exquisite modeling and 
 superior finish of the garments which are made in his establishment. C. & P. 'phone 
 connections. 
 
 EDWIN BENNETT POTTERY COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Alba China, Dinner, Tea and Toilet Ware, Colored Glaze Ware, Brubensul 
 Ware, Albion Ware, Silicon Stone Ware and Other Specialties. 
 
 This Company was established by Edwin Bennett in 184G, who came from England 
 in 1840 to the United States. 
 
 In 1890 the business was incorporated and to-day ranks as one of the largest 
 plants of its kind in the United States. 
 
 The plant is located at Canton and Central Avenues and covers a space of 250 by 
 250 feet, consisting of five commodious structures of brick, three stories high. The 
 plant is equipped with eight large kilns and four decorating kilns, and is fitted Avith 
 every modern invention and device as regards nuicliinery and appliances. 
 
 Mr. Edwin H. Bennet is president of the com])any and Mr. llenry Brunt is vice- 
 president and general manager. Mr. Wilbur T. France is secretary. 
 
MEMBERS— Continued ; 
 
 Sonneborn, S. B. 
 Stern, Lazarus 
 Stern, P. 
 Stern, H. S. 
 Simpson, S. 
 Schoeneman, A. 
 Skutch, M. 
 Skutch, Robert F. 
 Schwab, A. 
 Schenthal, A. 
 Stiefel, David 
 Sinsheimer, Adolph 
 Whitehill, A. 
 Weil, A. 
 Wiesenfeld, B. 
 
 Wiesenfeld, Joseph 
 Wyman, M. 
 Winternitz, H. 
 Weglein, D. S. 
 Wheatfield, W. S. 
 Weinberg, A. 
 Weinberg, Isaac 
 Weiller, I. C. 
 Weiller, H. C. 
 Weiller, W. C. 
 Wolf, Harry 
 Westheimer, M. F 
 Westheimer, H. F 
 Weinberg, A. I. 
 
 83 
 
THE LEXINGTON 
 MOVING PICTURE PARLOR 
 
 314 WEST LEXINGTON STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Lexington Gloving Picture Parlor \va>< opeiu'd in ]\Iarch. 100!), by 
 T. A. Keene and W. S. Smith, witli Mr. William D. Emerson, jNIanager. 
 Mr. Keene and IMr. Smith are both snccessfnl business men and Mr. 
 Emerson is an exijort in the moving picture business. The Lexington is 
 devoted to the most select and artistic class of moving pictures, and 
 maintains a large stock company to make real and humanize the action 
 of the screens. The location of the Lexington is 314 W. Lexington Street; 
 the seating capacity of whicli is large; the ventilation excellent; and 
 every convenience is provided for llie cJMifciit of lis ])a1rons. 
 
 84 
 
85 
 
THE PRICE COMPANY 
 
 STATIONERS, PRINTERS, LITHOGRAPHERS, BLANK BOOK MAKERS, DIE STAMPERS 
 
 AND ENGRAVERS 
 
 23 SOUTH CALVERT STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 'l"lu' J'riee C'uinpuiiy w.is iiicoiporated ^larcli 17, 1!)04, its offi- 
 cers being R. B. Price, presiileut ; George Brown, Jr., vice-presi- 
 dent; Percy II. Cioodwin. secretary and treasurer. The present 
 officers of tlie company are J. A. Ziuiniornian, president; E. H. 
 Gorsncli. vice-president; Irwin M. Brown, secretary and treas- 
 urer. 'I'lie origiiuil location cf this house was 19 Clay Street, 
 but it now occupies admirably located quarters at 23 South Cal- 
 vert Street. The Price Company are stationers and printers, 
 lithogrujihcrs. die stamjiers and blank book makers. Tlie trade 
 cf this company covers a wide area, and lias won hi^h reputa- 
 tion foi' pronij^t and efficient work. 
 
 GOOD WORK DELIVERED PROMPTLY AT REASONABLE PRICES 
 
 A MAN CAN PROVIDE UNDER THE POLICIES OF 
 STATE MUTUAL LIPE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF WORCESTER, MASS. 
 
 FOR HIMSELF: An immediate income for life. An endowment for early retire- 
 ment. A pension for old age. 
 
 FOR HIS WIFE: A definite aniovuit at his death and fixed payments for her life. 
 
 FOR HIS SONS: Money to start in a business or a profession. A fund which 
 cannot be touched and from \vliich an income is assured. 
 
 FOR HIS DAUGHTERS: JIarriage settlement money, or an am]de income for life. 
 
 FOR HIS BUSINESS: Additional capital at his own or iiartner's death. Instant 
 cash when most needed. 
 
 FOR ANY CHARITY: Such a sum as he would care to leave it. 
 
 EDWARD L. GERNAND, General Agent, 211 North Calvert Street. 
 
THE SUBURBAN CLUB. 
 
 Dedicated November 7, 1901. Located Park Heights Avenue and Slate Avenue, eight miles 
 from Baltimore. 
 
 Fifty-four acres of ground and a club house costing nearly $200,000. Forty-five thousand 
 dollars was borrowed from the banks and about $50,000 from the members. The former has 
 been somewhat curtailed and the latter is in the nature of debenture bonds. 
 
 The value of the land has doubled and has developed into a magnificent retreat. 
 
 The membership to-day is much larger than at any time in its history, numbering 500 
 active members, 100 lady members and 100 non-resident members, which is fully 100 per 
 cent, more than at the time of starting. 
 
 The principal sports are golf, baseball, football, tennis, and recently a bowling-alley at a 
 cost of $10,000 was added through the voluntary contribution of the members. The project 
 was conceived and carried forward to completion by Samuel Rosenthal, who is, and has been, 
 the president since the club's founding. 
 
 While there have been changes in the Board of Directors from time to time, the present 
 board consists of Samuel Rosenthal, president; Leon E. Greenbaum, vice-president; Edwin 
 B. Hutzler, secretary; Eli Hecht, treasurer, and Emanuel Hecht, Csesar H. Rosenheim, Simon 
 Frank, Eli Strouse, Leon C. Coblens, Samuel Rice and Isaac Kemper. 
 
 MEMBERS: 
 
 Adler, Jacob L. 
 Adier, Louis M. 
 Adler, Simon C. 
 Affelder, Harry 
 Affelder, Samue! 
 Ambach, Henry M. 
 Amberg, Dr. Samuel 
 Arnold, Cyrus 
 Austrian, C. R. 
 Adler, Julian 
 Aronsohn, Dr. A. T. 
 Ambach, Samuel 
 Ansell, Arthur A. 
 Adelsdorf, Louis 
 Ambach, Harry 
 Baer, Solomon 
 Benesch, Aaron 
 Benesch, Jesse 
 Benesch, Samuel 
 Benesch, Wm. M. 
 Bernei, Simon 
 Bernei, Louis B. 
 Berney, Albert 
 Berney, Bertram S. 
 Berney, Louis 
 Berney, Bertram J. 
 Binswanger, A. C. 
 Block, Monroe' 
 Blum, Isaac 
 Blumenthal, Edward 
 Booth, Alfred E. 
 Brager, A. A. 
 Brager, L. L. 
 Braum, Julius 
 Brown, Daniel F. 
 Brenner, S. M. 
 Brown, Melville B. 
 Brown, Oscar M. 
 Burgunder, B. J. 
 Burgunder, S. A. 
 Bergen, Ralph 
 Berliner, Samuel 
 
 Burgunder, Henry J. 
 Burgunder, Henry 
 Bendann, Lawrence 
 Cahn, Herman, J. 
 Cahn, Jacob B. 
 Cahn, Maurice U. 
 Castleberg, Henry 
 Coblens, Charles 
 Coblens, Leon C. 
 Cohn, I. S. 
 Cohen, Sidney B. 
 Cone, Dr. Sydney M. 
 Crone, D. W. 
 Cohen, Moses S. 
 Dalsheimer, Simon 
 Daniel, Gilbert 
 Davis, G. P. 
 Dealham, Samuel, Jr. 
 Deiches, William, Sr. 
 Deiches, Herbert 
 Deiches, Wm. H. 
 Delevie, John 
 Dillenberg, Noah 
 Doeplitz, Maurice 
 Eichengreen, Irvin 
 Eiseman, Irvin Lobe 
 Eiseman, J. B. 
 Eiseman, Joseph 
 Eiseman, Walter D. 
 Eiseman, William 
 Eiseman, Leopold 
 Eisenberg, A. 
 Elsasser, Alex 
 Epstein, Jacob 
 Epstein, Nathan 
 Erlanger, Chas S. 
 Erlanger, Max R. 
 Eytinge, Guy M. 
 Elliott, Benjamin 
 Fechenbach, S. L. 
 Fox, Meyer 
 Fox, Robert 
 
 87 
 
 Frank, A. D. 
 Frank, Eli 
 Frank, Harry 
 Frank, H. L. 
 Frank, Louis N. 
 Frank, Simon. W. 
 Frank, S. 
 Frank, Sydney S. 
 Frankel, Isaac 
 Friedenwald, Dr. Julius 
 Friedenwald, J. H. 
 Friedman, Henry 
 Friedman, Melvin 
 Friendlich, Gilbert 
 Fuld, Manes E. 
 Fleisher, Jesse S. 
 Fisher, Louis H. 
 Gans, Charles 
 Goebricher, Dr. D. 
 Goldenberg, Julius JI. 
 Goldenberg, Morton H. 
 Goldenberg, Levi 
 Goldenberg, Moses 
 Goldenberg, Julius 
 Goldenberg, Selman 
 Goldheim, Lawrence^Vi'^, 
 Goldheim, Ralph^S. 
 Goldheim, Leonard A. 
 Goldman, Dr. G. 
 Goldman, Harry 
 Goldman, L. Edwin 
 Goldsmith, JacobJS. 
 Goldsmith, Meyer^B. 
 Goodman, S. M. 
 Gottschalk, Joseph 
 Gottschalk, Levi 
 Greenbaum, Dr. H. S. 
 Greenbaum, Herman 
 Greenbaum, Lawrence 
 Greenbaum, Leon E. ' 
 Greenbaum, Louis H. 
 Greensfelder, L. S. 
 
THE STANDARD 
 ACCIDENT INSURANCE COMPANY 
 
 DETROIT, MICHIGAN 
 
 N. T. TONGUE 
 Managing Agent for Maryland 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. N. T. Tongue was appointed agent for this cunipany in October. 1889, prior 
 to which time he was in the commission business. Otlices of the Baltimore branch are 
 located at 710-11 American Building. 
 
 According to the statement issued l)y the Standard Accident Insurance Company, 
 December 31. 1909, its status was as follows: 
 
 STATEMENT, DECEMBER 31, 190!) 
 
 Cash Capital $500,000.00 
 
 Gross Assets 526,058.77 
 
 Liabilities 846,708.70 
 
 Surplus to Policy Holders 679,350.07 
 
 Claims Paid Since Organization 12.323,783.50 
 
 The company grants insurance as follows: 
 
 EMPLOYERS', PUBLIC, TEAMS, WORKMEN'S COLLECTIVE, ELEVATOR AND 
 
 GENERAL LIABILITY, PERSONAL ACCIDENT, 
 
 HEALTH, AUTOMOBILE 
 
 Officers : 
 
 President I-i:-m W. Bowex 
 
 Vice-president D. M. Ferry, Jr. 
 
 Second Ticc-president Dwight Cutler 
 
 Secretary E. A. Leoxard 
 
MEMBERS— Continued : 
 
 Greif, Leonard 
 Grief, Max 
 Grief, David 
 Grief, Alvin 
 Grief, Simon 
 Grinsfelder, D. J. 
 Gruber, Harry 
 Gump, Joseph 
 Gump, Louis G. 
 Gundersheimer, H. 
 Gusdorff, S. A. 
 Gutman, Adolph B. 
 Gutman, Julius 
 Gutman, Louis K. 
 Gutman, Louis N. 
 Gutman, Morton 
 Gutman, Nelson 
 Gutman, Leo J. 
 Gutman, Edwin J. 
 Gusdorf, Isaac A. 
 Gusdorf, Albert I. 
 Gusdorf, Neuman I. 
 Gusdorff, Lewis A. 
 Gehorsam, Ernest 
 Hable, Jacob 
 Hamburger, A. J. 
 Hamburger, F. 
 Hamburger, Harry 
 Hamburger, Henry L. 
 Hamburger, Jonas 
 Hamburger, Leon 
 Hamburger, Dr. Louis 
 Hamburger, Manes I. 
 Hamburger, Marie 
 Hamburger, Morton 
 Hamburger, Nathan 
 Hamburger, P., Jr. 
 Hamburger, S. L 
 Hanline, Milton L. 
 Hanline, Leon S. 
 Hanline, Simon M. 
 Harsh, G. M. 
 Hartman, Henry 
 Hartman, Lee 
 Harzberg, David 
 Harzberg, David 
 Harzberg, Harry 
 Hochheimer, E. 
 Hecht, Albert S. 
 Hecht, A. 
 
 Hecht, Benjamin F. 
 Hecht, Eli G. 
 Hecht, Emanuel 
 Hecht, Mendes H. 
 Hecht, Meyer C. 
 Hecht, Moses 
 Hecht, Nathan I. 
 Hecht, Sylvan R. 
 Heidelberger, Julius 
 Heineman, Jesse M. 
 Heineman, M. S. 
 Heineman, Bertram 
 Heineman, Jacob 
 Hines, Aaron \\. 
 Hirseh, Charles 
 Hochschild, Max 
 Hirshberg, Milton 
 Hollander, Dr. J. H. 
 
 Holzman, M. 
 Hutzler, A. G. 
 Hutzler, Edwin B. 
 Hutzler, G. H. 
 Hutzler, Louis S. 
 Hutzler, David 
 Hutzler, Albert D. 
 Hamburger, Sidney 
 Hecht, J. S. 
 Hirschfelder, Dr. A. D. 
 Heller, Samuel 
 Jacobi, Harry 
 Jandorf, G. 
 Jandorf, Louis 
 Janowitz, Richarti 
 Jelenko, L. Carl 
 Jelenko, Julius 
 Jelenko, S. Victor 
 Juhn, Sidney 
 Kann, Louis 
 Katz, A. 'Ray 
 Katzenstein, Vvalter 
 Katzenstein, Stanley 
 Kemper, I. L. 
 Kemper, J. B. 
 Kemper, Adolph 
 Kemper, David 
 Kerngood, Milton 
 Klein, F. 
 Kohn, Benno 
 Kohn, Irving H. 
 Kohn, Louis B. 
 Kraus, Edmund 
 Kraus, G. W. 
 Kraus, Henry 
 Kraus, Louis 
 Kronheimer, M. C. 
 Kahn, Philip 
 Kline, Samuel 
 Kaufman, Nathan 
 Kohn, AValter 
 Katz, Nathan 
 Kemper, Armand 
 Landauer, Benjamin 
 Landauer, Julius 
 Lansburg, S. 
 Lauchheimer, David H. 
 Lauchheimer, J. ^L 
 Lauchheimer, Robert JL 
 Lauchheimer, Sylvan H. 
 Lauer, Leon 
 Lauer, Martin 
 Lauer, Leon, Jr. 
 Lauer, S., Jr. 
 Laupheimer, A. C. 
 Laupheimer, Henry 
 Lehman, Judah 
 Lehmayer, INIartin 
 Leverton, Joseph 
 Levi, Abraham 
 Levi, Louis 
 Levi, Max 
 Levy, Benjamin 
 Levy, I. D. 
 Levy, Julius 
 Levy, Lfon 
 Levy, Vv'illiam 
 Leopold, Harry J. 
 
 Lieblich, G. 
 Likes, E. M. 
 likes. Dr. Sylvan H. 
 Lion, Albert 
 Lobe, F. 
 Lobe, H. G. 
 Lobe, Philip 
 Loewy, Simon 
 Lowenstein, D., Jr. 
 Lowenthal, Albert G. 
 Loman, Joseph N. 
 Lowman, Lee L. 
 Lowman, Simon 
 Mandelbaum, Moses L. 
 Mandelbaum, Seymour 
 Mann, Leonard J. 
 Mann, William J. 
 Marcus, E. H. 
 Marcus, AVilliam 
 Mayer, H. E. 
 Mayer, Jacob 
 Mayer, Jacob H. 
 Mayer, Leon H. 
 Mayer, S. 
 Mendels, .\braham 
 Meyer, Lee S. 
 Meyer, Maurice J. 
 Meyers, Benjamin 
 Meyers, Milton 
 Miller, A. F. 
 Miller, Jacob • 
 Miller, S. F. 
 Morris, Moses 
 Moses, Jacob iNL 
 Moses, Philip M. 
 Moses, Abram 
 Myers, Isador L. 
 Metzger, Samuel A. 
 INIann, Joseph M. 
 Mendels, E. 
 Meyers, Isaac J. 
 Marcus, S. Vi . 
 Nachman, F, B. 
 ■ Nassauer, J. G. 
 Nathan, Isaac 
 Nathan, Louis J. 
 Nattans, Ralph A. 
 Nattans, S. A. 
 New, Lawrence M. 
 Newman, ^Milton 
 Newman, Sylvan 
 Nyburg, Sidney L. 
 Oppenheim, Eli 
 Oppenheim, Isaac A. 
 Oppenheimer, Henry 
 Oppenheimer, Martin 
 Oppenheimer, A. J. 
 Ottenheimer, Joseph 
 Ottenheimer, Moses 
 Pike, Moses 
 Raffel, J. M. 
 Reitzenstein, Otto 
 Reitzenstein, Walter 
 Rice, Mannine 
 Rice, Jacob A. 
 Rice,' Samuel A. 
 Rice, Bertram 
 Rosenburg, Simon 
 
 89 
 
A. WEISKITTEL & SON COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Porcelain Enameled Baths, Lavatories 
 
 and Sinks, Soil Pipe, "Fire King'^ Gas Stoves 
 
 and Ranges, Coal Ranges, Etc. 
 
 LOMBARD AND THIRTEENTH STS., HIGHLANDTOWN 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 ''O. 
 
 ^^^'V PLANT, BALT»^*^' 
 
 This nationally renowned firm was founded in 1848 by Anton Weiskittel, Sr., and 
 is now a corporation with Anton Weiskittel, Jr., president; Harry C. Weiskittel, vice- 
 president and treasurer; John D. Heise, secretary. This company manufactures porce- 
 lain baths, lavatories and sinks, soil pipe, "Fire King" gas stoves and ranges, coal 
 ranges, plumbers' goods, brass goods, etc., and operates a plant at Lombard and 13tli 
 Streets, Highlandtown, which occupies twenty acres of ground and is one of the most 
 completely equipped establishments of its kind in the United States. Its policy is to 
 manufacture only the highest grade of goods, which has won for it both reputation and 
 trade of wide note. 
 
 !)U 
 
MEMBERS— Continued . 
 
 Rosenburg, Samuel 
 Rosenblatt, Joseph 
 Rosenfeld, E. 
 Rosenfeld, Israel 
 Rosenfeld, Jesse 
 Rosenfeld, Jonas 
 Rosenfeld, S. 
 Rosenheim, Albert 
 Rosenheim, Caesar H. 
 Rosenheim, David G. 
 Rosenheim, Louis G. 
 Rosenheim, Dr. Sylvan 
 Rosenstein, Isaac C. 
 Rosenstein, Jesse 
 Rosenstein, Nathan 
 Rosenstock, David G. 
 Rosenthal, Calvert S. 
 Rosenthal, Jacob S. 
 Rosenthal, Dr. Lewis 
 Rosenthal, Samuel 
 Roten, Adolph 
 Rotschild, Isidor 
 Rosenaur, Gilbert 
 Rosenthal, Charles 
 Rosenfeld, Murill 
 Reineberg, Harry 
 Rosenfeld, Bernard S. 
 Rosenthal, Dr. M. S. 
 Salabes, M. S. 
 Sacks, Isaac 
 Samuels, A. 
 Samuels, Oscar 
 Schenthal, William 
 Schiff, Sidney 
 Schleisner, S. 
 Schloss, Julius 
 Schloss, Michael 
 Schloss, William 
 Schneeberger, Maurice 
 Schoeneman, A. 
 Schoeneman, Harry 
 Schoeneman, J. 
 Schwab, Alyn 
 Schwab, Wm. A. 
 Seldner, Dr. S. W. 
 
 Shryock, T. J. 
 Sigmund, Leo 
 Simon, Frank 
 Simon, Leon 
 Sinsheimer, A. 
 Sinsheimer, Louis 
 Skutch, Max 
 Skutch, Robert 
 Slesinger, Albert D. 
 Slesinger, Louis 
 Sondheim, Walter 
 Sonneborn, Henry 
 Sonneborn, S. B. 
 Stein, Albert 
 Stein, Julian S. 
 Stein, Simon H. 
 .Stein, Simon M. 
 Stern, Harry M. 
 Stern, Henry S. 
 Stern, Lazarus 
 Stern, Philip 
 Stiefel, David 
 Straus, Aaron 
 Straus, A. L. 
 Straus, G. W. 
 Straus, Isaac Lobe 
 Straus, Joel G. 
 Straus, Joseph H. 
 Straus, Sidney W. 
 Straus, T. E. 
 Straus, W. E. 
 Straus, W. L. 
 Strauss, Emanuel 
 Strauss, Sidney 
 Strauss, Manes 
 Strauss, David 
 Strauss, H. F. 
 Strauss, Isaac H.- 
 Strauss, Jesse H. 
 Strouse, Benjamin 
 Strouse, Eli 
 Strouse, Isaac, Jr. 
 Strouse, Isaac 
 Strouse, Jerome 
 
 Strouse, Moses B. 
 Strouse, Moses I. 
 Strouse, Moses S. 
 Snellenberg, David 
 Snellenberg, Max 
 Snellenberg, Albert 
 Spear, Sidney P. 
 Spear, Dr. Irving A. 
 Sackerman, Milton G. 
 Spandauer, Sylvan 
 Salabes, S. 
 Straus, Philip 
 Sondheim, B. H. 
 Thanhauser, S. P. 
 Ulman, Joseph N. 
 LTlman, Nathan 
 Ulman, Robert L. 
 Ulman, David S. 
 Ulman, Joseph I. 
 Ulman, J. Gabriel 
 Wallerstein, David S. 
 Weigel, A. E. 
 Weil, Leonard H. 
 Weil, C. Star 
 Weiller, Charles I. 
 Weiller, Harry C. 
 Weiller, Wm. C. 
 Weinberg, Adolph 
 Weinberg, A. I. 
 Weisenfeld, B. 
 Weisenfeld, Joseph 
 Wertheimer, Leonard 
 Westheimer, Henry F. 
 Westheimer, Milton F. 
 Wheatfield, Wm. S. 
 Whitehill, Alan 
 Wbitehill, Sydney 
 Wolf, Harry 
 Wolfsheimer, E. 
 W^urtzberger, Joseph 
 Wertheimer, Milton 
 Weis, Charles 
 Weil, H. H. 
 Werthheimer, I. . 
 
 91 
 
FURST BROS. & COMPANY 
 
 "Furst Line — Second to None" 
 
 The world-reiiowned lioiise of Furst Brotliors & Coiiipany was ('stal)lislicd in 18!)(); 
 the members of the firm to-day being Charh's H. Furst and Max Nusbauni. The 
 original location of this business was 213 W. Camden Street, and the enormous growth 
 of the business of this eoinpany may be readily realized when we state that it now 
 ranks as one of the largest plants of its kind in the world, doing business not only 
 in this countrj' but all over Europe and extending into Asia and Africa. Furst 
 Brothers & Company are Manufacturers of JNIirrors, Frames, Mouldings and Pictures. 
 The mill and factory are located at the intersection of Ostend, Race and Leadenliall 
 Streets, and are equipped with every modern mechanical device calculated to save time 
 
 and reduce cost of production. Alore than 200 persons are employed in the various 
 departments, including a corps of skilled designers, all of which have been combined 
 to justify the motto of this house "FURST LINE— SECOND TO NONE." The firm 
 maintains its own freiglit yards, and with the proposed deepening of the basin will he 
 enabled to ship directly from its own wharf to any port in tlie world. Sales Depart- 
 ment (wholesale only) is located at 38 Hopkins I'lace. lietween Lombard and German 
 Streets, where a comjdete line of samples of tlieir jn-oduct are always on display in 
 charge of capable salesmen. 
 
 92 
 
'<„.M~I ; i 
 
 V|M|IV 
 
 i:ki iMiuii, L'liuto 
 
 THE CLOVER CLUB 
 
 93 
 
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THE CLOVER CLUB. 
 
 The Clover Club was formerly known as the Concordia Club. It was formed August 21, 
 1896. 
 
 The first president was Mr. Isador Merefeld. 
 The second president was Mr. Max Haas. 
 The third president was Mr. S. L. Hirsch. 
 The fourth president was Mr. Leon Schifl'. 
 
 From the Concordia Club was organized a club called the Mercantile Club, which occupied 
 the old Crescent Club, corner Paca and Fayette Streets. From Paca and Fayette Streets the 
 club quarters were moved to Eutaw Place. 
 
 Some of the members of the Mercantile Club formed the Clover Club. This club first 
 had its home at 810 Madison Avenue, then 1511 Madison Avenue, then 1914 Madison Avenue 
 and now located at 1914-16 Madison Avenue. 
 
 The present officers are: 
 
 President Martin J. Kohn 
 
 Vice-Presiden t •. . . . Benjamin Hambuegeb 
 
 Treasurer Benjamin Bernei 
 
 Secretary Nathan Hess 
 
 Directors : 
 Max Goldsmith. David S. Wallerstein. 
 
 Samuel Friedman. L. S. Hirsch. 
 
 Frank Simon. 
 
 95 
 
ENTERPRISE 
 STEAM & HOT WATER HEATING CO 
 
 We Know How" 
 
 107-109 EAST LOMBARD STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Residential Work a Specialty 
 
 HEATING INSTALLATION IN THIS TEMPLE BY ENTERPRISE STEAM & HOT WATER 
 
 HEATING CO. 
 
 The Enterprise Steam & Hot Water Heating Co. was established by Mr. George R. 
 I'nllen, who is sole proprietor of the business. During the ten years of its existence the 
 company has succeeded in establishing the largest exclusive heating business south of the 
 Mason and Dixon line; employing a staff of competent heating engineers and draughts- 
 men and a corps of experienced mechanics, all of whom have made a careful study 
 of the many intricacies surrounding the successful installation of a lieating plant. 
 Some of the notable work of this company is: 
 
 Baltimore City Jail 
 Baltimore Club 
 New Carrolton Hotel 
 
 City Hotel 
 ]Maryland Institute 
 Bay View Asylum 
 Maryland Agricultural College 
 Oheb Shalom Lodge 
 Hebrew Sheltering Home 
 City Fish ^Market 
 Navarre Apartment House 
 Sun Building- 
 Baltimore Bargain House 
 Tliirtv Citv Scliools 
 
 Hel)rew Hosjiital 
 
 Hub Building 
 
 Standard Oil Co. Building 
 
 Safe Deposit & Trust Co. ]?uilding 
 
 State Tobacco Warehouse 
 
 State Insane Asylum 
 
 Peabody Institute 
 
 Xortli Avenue Casino 
 
 Old City Hall 
 
 Marine Hospital 
 
 Maryland School for Boys 
 
 Natlian (iutman's Dciiartment Store 
 
 Vicldria 'I'lieater 
 
 Twentv-eisht Ent>ine Houses 
 
 Two tliousand otlier installations 
 
•J7 
 
WILLIAM E. WOOD COMPANY 
 
 18 N. HOWARD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 Oldest Heating House in Baltimore 
 
 This long-established business was foiuuled by William E. and Charles J. Wood 
 in ISGO. Tlieie was no change in the style of the tirm until 1900, when, upon the death 
 of i\Ir. William E. Wood, the present corporation was formed, with IMr. Charles J. 
 Wood as President. The firm originallj' occupied as its place of business the two stores 
 southwest corner Baltimore and Eutaw Streets, later at Baltimore and Liberty Streets, 
 and at present occupy their warehouse and store, 18 North Howard Street. 
 
 The general business conducted by the William E. Wood Company is the installa- 
 tion of steam, hot-water and hot-air heating and ventilating apparatus, cooking appli- 
 ances and plumbing, and the reconstruction of defective plants. 
 
 SAMNti.S HANK OF BALTIMUUE 
 
 The heating and ventilating apparatus in this building was installed by the 
 WILLIAM E. WOOD COMPANY 
 
 The company owns its patterns of fire-place heaters, ranges, and furnaces, from 
 which it manufactures for direct installation and jobbing. The William E. Wood Com- 
 pany claims, from having had the longest experience, of any house in Baltimore in its 
 line, that it is prepared to do the very highest standard of work and to fully guaran- 
 tee its work in every case, and in testimony of this claim it ofTers the following emi- 
 nent Baltimore patrons as references, viz.: 
 
 Mr. Alexander Brown 
 Gen John (!ill, of R. 
 Mr. Ernest Kanbe, Jr. 
 Mr. Isaac Hamberger 
 Mr. E. A. Jackson 
 Mr. W. B. Brooks 
 Mr. Robert Garrett 
 Dr. Louis P. Hamburger 
 Rev. Wni. Rosenau 
 Mr. Francis E. Waters 
 Mr. German H. Hunt 
 Mrs. W. H. Appold 
 
 International Trust Building 
 
 Har Sinai Temple 
 
 Mr. Mendes Cohen 
 
 Mr. Michael Jenkins 
 
 Mr. Geo. C. Jenkins 
 
 Mr. Jos. W. Jenkins 
 
 Mr. Henry J. Bowdoin 
 
 Gen. Jas. A. thiry 
 
 Mr. Samuel 10. Reinhard 
 
 Mr. Emanuel Hecht 
 
 Mr. louis Kann 
 
 Mr. Meredith Janvier 
 
 Mr. B. F. Deford 
 Marvl.ind School for the Blind 
 Savings Rank of Baltimore 
 Loyola ('i)llege 
 Mount Hope Retreat 
 (iernuin Orphan Asyhmi 
 Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. 
 ]{oclianibeau .Apartments 
 ^^'inona Ai^artments 
 House of Ciood Shepherd 
 Mrs. Cieorge A. Von Lingen 
 Ansche Amnuah Syn.igogue 
 
HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM. 
 
 The Hebrew Orphan Asylum was founded in 1872 for the sheltering cf orphans, it was 
 founded at Rayner Avenue, Calverton, by Mr. and Mrs. William S. Rayner. 
 The first chairman was Emanuel Hess. The fifth president was David Hutzler. 
 
 The first President was A. J. Ulman. The sixth president was Leon Lauer. 
 
 The second president was Joel Gutman. The first superintendent was Rev. Herffman 
 
 The third president was William Schloss. The second superintendent was Rev. Gabriel. 
 
 The fourth president was M. J. Oppenheimer. The third superintendent was Rev. A. Sonn. 
 The present superintendent is Rev. Samuel Freudenthal, who was appointed in 1885. 
 When the institution was founded it sheltered thirty-two children. It now shelters 
 ninety-two children. 
 
 In 1904 an addition was made to the asylum known as the Hannah U. Cahn Memorial, 
 erected by the late Bernard Cahn. It is used as a gymnasium. 
 Tlie present officers are : 
 
 President Leon Lauee 
 
 Vice-President Louis K. Gutman 
 
 Treasurer Ferdinand Bebnei 
 
 Secretary William Schloss 
 
 Directors : 
 Charles Adleb. Silvan H. Lauchheimer. Max Hochschild. 
 
 Dr. Abram Cohen. Nathan Schloss. Eli Oppenheim. 
 
 Gebson Eiseman. George M. Harsh. Albert W. Rayner. 
 
 Charles Erlanger. Michael Holzman. Henry Oppenheimer. 
 
 REV. SAMUEL FREUDENTHAL 
 superintendent HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM 
 
 99 
 
JOSEPH S. WERNIG 
 
 All White Labor" 
 
 General Express and Transfer Company 
 
 106 WEST LOMBARD STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Til is Imsiness was established January 1, 1897, by 
 .IdM'lih S. Wernig, at the age of twenty years, beginning 
 witli one team, which he drove himself. By personal 
 solicitation he found hauling work for his one sorrel 
 hoise and truck — he secured later a contract from 
 McCormick & Co. to do their hauling. This necessitated 
 the purchase of a second team, and probably the proud- 
 est distinction in Mr. Wernig's successful career is that 
 lie lias retained the hauling and confidence of his first 
 customer to the present day. From this time on busi- 
 ness grew by leaps and bounds until reaching the mark 
 of "1 to 61" teams, which to-day has been increased to 
 101 teams — the largest equipment of any transfer com- 
 jiany in Baltimore — and have on hand any kind or style 
 of wagon. On September 6, 1909, Mr. Wernig made a 
 contract with the New York and Baltimore Transporta- 
 tion Co., and since then with the Maryland & Pennsyl- 
 vania Railroad and the Chesapeake & York River Lines, to do all their transfering of 
 freight, and these contracts likewise he has retained unto the present time. 
 
 The business orew so large that it became necessary to incorporate it under tlio title 
 of "The Jos. S. Wernig Transfer Co.." consisting of Jos. S. Wrniig and tlic Imsiness of 
 Wernig Bros. The policy of 
 tliis business has been "'to 
 give the best transfer service 
 possible to the merchants of 
 Greater Baltimore." T li e 
 stables, which are owned per- 
 sonally by ]\Ir. Wernig, cover 
 a half acre of ground and ac- 
 commodate one hundred and 
 twenty-five head of horses. 
 Mr. Wernig operates his own 
 paint shop, blacksmith shop 
 and feed mill. Only wliite 
 labor is employed. two ijitlk WKKNUiS tuaimno kok the futukk 
 
 JOS. JK. AND IIAKKV I!. 
 
 lUU 
 
101 
 
R. MILTON NORRIS 
 516 AND 518 WEST BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This i.s one of tlio oltle.st established houses 
 ill liie line of carriii<>e and wajjon makers' suj)- 
 ])lies. The l)iisiness was founded in 1790 by 
 Thos. Mackenzie. Later the firm became C T. 
 & C. B. Mackenzie & Son. The present firm is 
 located in the four-story brick buildings at 51G- 
 518 West Baltimore Street, of capacious di 
 mensions. and iiave <>reatly enlaifjed and in- 
 creased facilities for carrying on the largest 
 wholesale and retail autoinoljiles, carriages and 
 ruljber tires: manufacturer of carriage and 
 automobile trimmings, and carries the largest 
 local stock of oak and hickory wagon and 
 automobile repairs: iron and steel cloth and 
 carpets. Mr. Norris's business covers a very 
 large territory in and out of Baltimore, in 
 which territory he is represented by corps of 
 efficient salesmen. One of the important rea- 
 sons for the success of this house is that it 
 makes a specialty of filling and shipping all 
 orders the day they are received. 
 
 The manufacturing end of the business has 
 been greatly added to in point of facility and 
 equipment in tlie past two years, forming a 
 strong combination, back of which is efficient 
 service and integrity in all business dealings. 
 
 Founded in 1790 
 
 PIET-ROBERTSON-RAINEY CO. 
 
 Piet-Robertson-Rainey Co., on March 1, 
 1904, succeeded the old established firm of 
 Edward Jenkins & Sons. The members of this 
 company are: VVm. A. Piet, T. P. Robertson, 
 P. H. Rainey and Edward Stinson. Messrs. 
 Piet-Robertson-Rainey Co. were for many 
 years actively connected with the old house 
 of Edward Jenkins & Sons, and Mr. Stinson 
 is president of the Edward Stinson Manufac- 
 turing Company, doing a large business in 
 wheels and wheel materials. The original 
 location of the business was 637 and ()39 
 West German Street, but from need of greater 
 facilities the firm moved to, and are now oc- 
 cupying, the commodious warehouse at No. 
 108 South Howard Street. Piet-Robertson- 
 Rainey Co. are engaged in the wholesale car- 
 riage and saddlery materials business, carry- 
 ing at all times a full and complete line of 
 standard goods in their line, and by reason 
 of their large and M^ell-assorted stock have 
 gained a wide reputation for the prompt ful- 
 fillment and shipment of orders. The house 
 has traveling representatives in Pennsylvania. 
 INIaryland, Delaware, Virginia, West Virginia, North and South 
 and are noted for fair dealing, jjrompt attention to orders ami for 
 tee of goods and prices sold by tliem. 
 
 Carolina 
 
 tlieir sta 
 
 and Geor; 
 ndiii"' iiiiai 
 
 1U2 
 
THE JEWISH HOME FOR CONSUMPTIVES. 
 
 At a meeting of the Beard of Directors of the Federated Jewish Charities of Baltimore, 
 held April 11. 1907, it was announced that Mr. Jacob Epstein oft'ered to give the sum of 
 $25,000 for a tuberculosis hospital, providing the Federation would undertake its support, 
 and at the same time he offered an annual contribution of $500 toward the support of the 
 proposed institution. A committee consisting of Dr. Harry Adler, Simon H. Stein and the 
 president was appointed to investigate the practicability of erecting such an institution for 
 the sum offered. Tt was found it would not suffice, whereupon Mr. Epstein made his contribu- 
 tion $35,000. 
 
 The original subscribers to the support of the Jewish Home for Consumptives are: 
 Jacob Epstein, Albert A. Brager. Louis Kann, Sigmund Kann, Max Skutch, Moses Goldenberg, 
 Alexander Hecht, Abraham G. Hutzler, David Hutzler, Ephraim Macht, Eli Oppenheim, Isaac 
 Oppenheim, E. Kosenfeld & Company, Strouse & Bros., Joel Gutman & Co., Schloss Bros. & 
 Company, M. S. Levy & Sons, Joseph Friedenwald, Jacob Castelberg & Son and Goldenberg 
 Bros. 
 
 On June 7, 1907, the Jewish Home for Consumptives was incorporated, and for a time the 
 management of the corporation was placed in the hands of a Building Committee, consisting 
 of Albert A. Brager, Louis Kann and Benno Kohn. 
 
 Seventy-two acres of land were purchased on Westminster Pike, near Reisterstown, for 
 a sanatorium. 
 
 On October 25, 1908. the Solomon Kann Memorial Cottage and the Samuel and Emma 
 Rosenthal Cottage were opened for the reception of ten patients in the incipient stages of 
 tuberculosis. 
 
 The present officers are: 
 
 President Dr. Louis P. Hamburgek 
 
 Vice-President Rev. Dr. Adolf Guttmacher 
 
 Treasurer Louis Kann 
 
 Secretary Louis H. Levin 
 
 Directors : 
 Dr. Harry Adler. Dr. Joseph E. Gichner. 
 
 Albert A. Brager. Benno Kohn. 
 
 Jacob Epstein. Julius Levy. 
 
 Robert Fox. Ephraim Macht. 
 
 Simon H. Stein. 
 
 103 
 
L4»lP0Li'rm.lt?i.v J 013BERS 
 
 Wi lli UH l J II IIJI'ii ' lIH I W Il Wim 
 
 ^'''''^mmmimmmmmim 
 
 LAKiniJM,TLIOI\tP.90N R- CO. 
 
 LAMDIN, 
 
 THOMPSON AND 
 
 COMPANY 
 
 [NUMBER 117 LIGHT STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlie renowned ''Little Corporal" and 
 "Albion" Maryland Rye Whiskey are 
 owned and distributed solely by Lamdin, 
 Tliomjjson & Co., Baltimore City. This 
 liouse was established January 1, 1899, 
 by Messrs. A. D. Lamdin, D. G. Fluharty, 
 Win. A. Thompson and W. G. Bond, all 
 of long experience in the line of business 
 in which they are now so successfully en- 
 gaged. Tlie original location of this firm 
 Mas 34 E. Pratt Street, but their estab- 
 lishment went down in the great fire of 
 1904, and they are now perraanenth' 
 established at 117 Light Street. In 
 November, 1906, ;Mr. A. D. Lamdin died. 
 in addition to distributing tlie above 
 widl-known brands of whiskey, the firm 
 cairies a full line of whiskeys and are 
 (liicct importers of fine wines, gins and 
 brandies. Tlie facilities of this house for 
 business are unsurpassed, and the teni- 
 tory A\hich it covers is very e.xtonsive, 
 liaviiig representatives throughout the 
 cnunliw 
 
 104 
 
]()o 
 
HENRY W. BOHNE 
 
 CHEESE AND GERMAN PRODUCE 
 934 LEXINGTON MARKET 
 
 Mr. Bohne established this business in 1907. after virtually twenty years continuous experienee with the largest 
 Importing Cheese and German Produce House of the kind in the South — and is recognized as being expert injCheese 
 and German Produce. 
 
 Among the celebrated brands of cheese vended by Mr. Bohne are, the celebrated Emmenthal Schweizer, New York 
 Full Cream, Camembert, Neufchatel, Edam, Fromage de Brie, Liederkranz. Llmburger, Roquefort, Miniature. 
 Pineapple, etc. Mr. Bohne's stand is at 934 Lexington Market, South side, just west of Paca Street and is open every 
 day until 6 p. m. 
 
 GEORGE BERGER 
 
 FINE CAKE OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS 
 938 LEXINGTON AND 192-193 HOLLINS MARKETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. George Berger established this busine.ss in 1893 and enjovs a patronage of such 
 extent as to amply demonstrate the .superiority of the bakery products which he vends. 
 Mr. Berger has stalls in the Lexington and Hollins Markets and maintains a baking 
 plant equipped with all the latest and most improved machinery and conducted under 
 the most sanitary and hygienic conditions. Mr. Berger makes a specialty of baking 
 fine cake, the kind that are certain to please the most exacting housewife. 
 
 Bakery: 1705, 1707 and 1709 North Bethel Street. 
 
 lUG 
 
107 
 
DR. JOHN A. MORRIS 
 
 DENTIST 
 
 326 NORTH CHARLES STREET 
 
 Dr. Morris is a graduate of Whiting High School (1893), Geneseo State Normal 
 School (1895) and University of Maryland (1904), beginning the practice of his pro- 
 fession at 224 South Broadway and later succeeding to the business of the late Dr. 
 Wilson, at 326 North Charles Street. Dr. Morris makes a specialty of crown and 
 bridge work, in connection with his general dental practice. His office and laboratory 
 are equipped with every advanced electrical appliance for scientific results, strict regard 
 being had to sanitary precautions. By the porcelain aveolor method Dr. Morris can 
 guarantee a perfect match of artificial with natural teeth without the use of plates or 
 ordinary bridge-work — a feature of artistic essentiality in connection Avith bridge and 
 plate work. Dr. Morris has a large practice, which is" constantly growing by reason 
 of the perfect satisfaction and safety of his work. 
 
 DR. ALOHA M. KIRKPATRICK 
 
 OSTEOPATHIST 
 OFFICE, 319 NORTH CHARLES STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Osteopathy is a drugless system of treating disease and a bloodless system of 
 surgery, the results of which are accomplished through scientific manipulations, re- 
 adjustments of the parts of the human body and overcoming abnormalities of struc- 
 ture, allowing a free flow of fluid and nerve force to every part of the body, thus 
 restoring harmonious function throuohout the body and producing health. 
 
 The source of health is within us, not without; a diseased body needs something 
 done to it, not something put into it. All bodily disorders are the result of mechanical 
 ol)struction to the free circulation of tlic vital fluids of the body. 
 
 Office, 319 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Md. C. & P. Phone, St. Paul 2662. 
 
 Residence, 242 Wilson Street, Baltimore, Md. C. & P. Phone, Madison 1256. 
 
 lOS 
 
MKS. HENNIE (EW) STROUSE 
 
 /»-• 
 
 x-^tl^ 
 
 109 
 
THE 
 CONSOLIDATION COAL COMPANY 
 
 INCORPORATED 
 
 Tlie Consolidation Coal Company was fornu'd under a special Act of tin' Maryland Lesislaturc 
 passed in ISCO. Shortly afterwards it acquired the property of the Cumberland Coal & Iron Company 
 and later that of the Ocean Steam Coal Company and the Frostburj,' Mining Company. 
 
 In 1S6-1 it acquired the majority shares of stock of the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad 
 Comjiany, and later acquired all the stock of said company. In 1903 it acquired the entire capital stock 
 of the Canal Towage Company, operating a fleet of canal-boats between Cumberland, the Eastern 
 terminus of the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad, and Washington, thus completing a part of its 
 plan to control the entire movement of its coal from the mines to tide-water. 
 
 In 1903 the company acquired the majority of the capital stock of the Fairmont Coal Company 
 and Somerset Coal Company. During the year 1909 it acquired the entire stock of the said two companies. 
 
 It controls, through ownership of the majority of its capital stock, the Metropolitan Coal Company 
 of Boston, who own large storage facilities for handling coal in Boston and New England markets. 
 
 NORTH ATLANTIC SgUADltUN AT NEWPORT RECEIVING THE GEORGES CREEK BI 
 OF THE CONSOLIDATION COAL COMPANY 
 
 VEIN COAL FROM BARGES 
 
 handling annnally about 700.000 tons of coal. It also owns the majority of the capital stock of the 
 North Western Fuel Company, which company in turn owns large storage facilities at the head of the 
 Great Lakes, handling over its docks annually alxmt 2.500.000 tons of coal. 
 
 The company recently acquired about 30,000 acres of fine coal land in the State of Kentucky, which 
 it is at present developing. It is also constructing a railroad from a connection with the Chesapeake & 
 Ohio Railroad up Millers Creek to the town of Van Lear, at which point the mines now being deveIope<I 
 are located. It is expected to begin shipping coal from this region about January 1, 1910. 
 
 The main offices of the company are located in the Continental Building, in the City of Raltininr<'. 
 Md., and its president and board of directors are the following well-known men: 
 
 C. W. Watson, President. 
 
 H. Crawford Black. 
 Van Lear Black. 
 S. Davies Warfield. 
 George C. Jenkins. 
 S. L. Watson. 
 
 A. B. Fleming. 
 J. E. Watson. 
 William Fl. Graffli.v. 
 William Wi.ncii ester. 
 
 .1. 11. WlIKKLWIilGUT. 
 
 110 
 
HISTORY OF THE COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN. 
 
 The Baltimore Section, Council of Jewish Women, was called into being May 1, 1894, 
 by Mrs. Bertha Frank, who had the Rev. Dr. A. Guttmacher to preside over the initial meeting, 
 with the following aj^pointed officers: Honorary president, Mrs. Bertha Rayner Frank; 
 president, Mrs. Jacob I. Cohen; vice-president, Mrs. A. Guttmacher; secretary. Miss Rose 
 Summerfield; treasurer, Mrs. Eli Strouse. Of these officers only one of the charter officers, 
 Mrs. Eli Strouse, still holds position as an executive officer. 
 
 The membership of the section in the year of its incipiency rose from seventy-six to 194, 
 in the second year to 246, in the third year to 324, in the fourth year to 333. In 1908 it had 
 561 members. 
 
 The Study Circles commenced with one class, until now there are six circles, with a 
 membership of seventy-five, either studying the Bible or Jewish history. 
 
 The objects of the Council are: To bring about closer relations among Jewish women; 
 to furnish by an organic union a medium of communication and a means of prosecuting work 
 of common interest; to further united efforts in behalf of Judaism by supplying means of 
 study; to further united efforts in behalf of social reform by the application of the best 
 philanthropic thought. 
 
 0/^cers— 1908-1909: 
 (Affiliated with the Maryland State Federation of Women's Clubs.) 
 
 Honorary Presidents . . . .Mrs. Bertha Rayneb Frank, Mrs. Jacob I. Cohen 
 
 Past President Mrs. Moses Goldenberq 
 
 President Mrs. M. F. Garner 
 
 Vice-Presidents Mrs. Jos. Wiesenfeld, Mrs. A. Guttmacher 
 
 Treasurer Miss Amelia Schiff 
 
 Recording Secretary Mrs. Sydney Whitehill 
 
 Corresponding Secretary Mrs. Eli (Hennie) Strouse 
 
 Directors : 
 
 Mrs. Henry Sonneborn. ]Mbs. A. Kemper. 
 
 Mrs. Levi Gottschalk. Mrs. Aaron Straus. 
 
 Mrs. Chas. Gans. Mrs. Dr. Samuels. 
 
 Mrs. Abe B. Lowenstein. Mrs. C. Mansbach. 
 
 Mrs. Goody Rosenfei.d. INIrs. Harry Friedenwald. 
 
 Directors— \Q09,-\QU: 
 
 Mrs. Moses Goldenberg. Mrs. Bernard Wiesenfeld. 
 
 Mrs. Reuben Ottenheimer. Mrs. Rachel Lowenthal. 
 
 Mrs. S. J. Harman. Mrs. M. L. Bloom. 
 
 Mrs. Eli Frank. Mrs. Sydney M. Cone. 
 
 Mrs. Milton Westheimer. Mrs. Jos. Hollander. 
 
 Directors— \9m-lQ\2: 
 
 Mrs. Elias Dettelbach. ]\Irs. Isaac Oppenheimer. 
 
 Mrs. Simon Frank. Mrs. Robert Skutcii. 
 
 Mrs. Harry Hamburger. Mrs. Wm. Strous. 
 
 Mrs. Mona Lowenthal. ' Mrs. Emelia Schiff. 
 
 Mrs. Jacob Moses. Mrs. Sydney Whitehill. 
 
 Ill 
 
MADAME PAULINE KOHLERMAN 
 
 Human Hair Goods, 
 
 Toilet Preparations, Hair Dressing 
 
 and Manicuring 
 
 Manufacturers of "Nonpareil" for Restoring Gray and Faded Hair 
 
 S. W. CORNER OF EUTAW AND MULBERRY STS. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Madame Pauline Kohlerman founded this business in 1870, having served her full apprenticeship and 
 learned the hair business thorovighly under the late Madame Jeanerette. Since the death of Mme. Kohler- 
 man, the business is being managed by her son, Mr. .John N. Kohlerman, who had been associated with her 
 in conducting same for twi'nt\- jears, and who, consequently, has a most thorough knowledge of the liusi- 
 ness in all its details, being considered one of the most expert manufacturers and judges of human hair in 
 the country. Associated with him in the management is Miss Paidine Kohlerman. his sister, who gives her 
 personal supervision to the hair dressing, manicuring, massaging and sales' parlors, where the best of service 
 is always to be had. A complete line of first-class, scientificall.v iMcpared human hair goods, also a select 
 line of fancy Toilet Articles, Hair Tonics. Dyes and (^osmetics, are consequently on sale. The Hair Dressing, 
 Manicviring and Massaging Parlors are conducted in a thoroughly modern manner with a proficient and com- 
 petent corps of experienced attendants. The famovis " Nonpareil" for restoring gray and faded hair to its 
 natural color and lustre and the celebrated "Eau de (Quinine" tonic for the hair and scalp are manufactured at 
 this establishment. The laboratories and factory are thoroughly sanitary, and equipped with modern 
 devices for manufacturing the highest grade of hair goods and hair preparations. The mail order depart- 
 ment extends its operations to all parts of the United States, and frequently shipments are made as far as the 
 Pacific Coast, full descriptive (^atalogues being mailccl free to anyone on reciuc-it. thr;)ugh which medium quite 
 a large mail order inisincss is done, both ret;iil and wholesale. The ixdicy of this est-ihlishment is to offer 
 the very best and latest styles, to give prompt and satisfactory service, anii the fullest values at all times, 
 and it enjoys the confidence of a large circle of patrons. 
 
 112 
 
MRS. ROSIK WIESENFELD ROSENFELD 
 
 113 
 
BIG VEIN POCOHONTAS COAL CO. 
 
 Miners and Shippers 
 
 GENERAL OFFICES 
 
 1214 CONTINENTAL BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Big Vein Pccaliontas Coal Co. was established on the 25th clay of March, 1909, 
 the original members of the firm being Thomas T. Boswell, Michael Sheehan, Richard 
 8. Garrett, Edward T. Boswell, Frank A. Furst, E. P. Keech, Jr. The president was 
 the organizer of the Merchants' Coal Co. and was president and general manager of that 
 company for fifteen years, but resigned a short time ago to give his entire attention 
 to tlie development of this company. The mines of the company are situated at Poca- 
 hontas, Va., and the general offices are at 1214 Continental Building, Baltimore, ^Id. 
 The Big Vein Pocahontas Coal Co. are miners and shippers of the celebrated Pocahontas 
 
 NEW PLANT BIG VEIN I'OC'OJIONTA.S COAL CO. AT POCOHONTAS, \ A. 
 
 (■(lal. This coal is mined from the Xo. 3 Seam, lunning from twelve to eigliteen feet in 
 thickness. This company took over the old Browning Mines, which had a capacity of 
 iil)out 350 tons per day, and have since erected on this same jiroperty a modern plant 
 guaranteed to handle 3.000 tons per day. The Big Vein Pocahontas Coal Co. is now 
 fulfilling contracts awarded by the United States Government to supply coal to tlie 
 Norfolk Navy Yard for the use on the nation's battleships. This award was made on a 
 guaranteed analytic test of 14.800 British 'lliermal Units, on which the company is col- 
 lecting a i)r('iiiium (in accinint of its sujierior quality. 
 
 lU 
 
GOODY ROSENFELD 
 
 115 
 
EICHENGREEN & CO. 
 
 BOOTS AND SHOES, ALSO AGENTS FOR THE HOOD AND OLD COLONY RUBBERS. 
 
 '1 liis film was oiiyiniilly ostablislu'cl in 1809 
 liv Will. Kic'heii<;i<'('n and his Ijiotlicr David, 
 and ('(Mitimicd until .July 1, 1884; tiieii the linn 
 chaiijiiMJ to Kieiiciiuieen & \\'('il and continued 
 to -January 1, I'.K'.'-!. The present style of the 
 tiini is Eichengreen & Co., the niembers of 
 wliicdi ai-e Irvin Eichengreen and Signuind M. 
 Adler. The original location of this business 
 was 22 West Baltimore Street, from which 
 location it moved to 40 West Baltimore Street, 
 then to its own building at 113 West Baltimore 
 Street, 
 
 Eecently. however, owing to tlie increase of 
 busiiie-s. Eichengreen & Co. have occupied the 
 magnihcent Avarehouse at 109 German Street. 
 Eichengi-een & Co. are wholesale dealers in 
 boots, shoes, and also represent the famous 
 '•Hood & Old Colony" rubbers. The trade of 
 this house extends over a wide territory and it 
 enjoys an enviable reputation for enterprise 
 and fair dealing. 
 
 WILLIAM EICHENGRF.KX. FOUXULK 
 
 E. FLEISCHER & SON 
 
 
 HAIR GOODS AND PEARL BUTTONS 
 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 
 This firm wan established in ISSo. 
 
 
 
 
 but had been preceded by Mr. E. 
 
 
 
 
 Fleischer, who began the wholesale 
 
 
 
 
 business in 18,59. The former members 
 
 ■ii:i 
 
 
 
 of this firm were Emanuel Eleischer, 
 
 
 
 Samuel E. Fleischer and Silas M. 
 
 ^ m^fS^^^M^ 
 
 
 
 Fleischer, who successfviUy conducted 
 
 " c ^^wf 
 
 
 
 the wholesale hosiery, gloves, under- 
 
 ^'^V S^*'- 
 
 
 
 wear and notion business for a 
 
 J~^ '^hK^' 
 
 
 
 long period of time. Mr. Emanuel 
 
 SK 
 
 
 
 Fleischer was born in Bavaria. Ger- 
 
 j^m^^^ 
 
 
 
 many, in 1826. while his two sons were 
 
 
 
 
 born in this country. Since the deaths 
 
 ^^f J?^' ^^H 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 of Mr. Emanuel Fleischer and Saiiiuel 
 
 ^^K^^^^^^I \^U^^m 
 
 w- 
 
 
 E. Fleischer the business has continneil 
 
 f^WP ^§ml 
 
 
 
 under the firm name of E. Fleischer & 
 
 
 
 Son by Mr. Silas M. Fleischer, and the 
 
 M 'jBm "^ 
 
 ( 
 
 
 business was changed to that of whole- 
 
 .^K'^ - -v^^ij 
 
 
 
 sale hair goods, etc. The large trade 
 
 ^^m \^r 
 
 
 
 of the present concern is not only local. 
 
 ■f ^^^0^ 
 
 __ > 
 
 
 but extends into the far South and 
 
 W ^10^^ 
 
 
 
 West. Owing to integrity and fair 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 dealing this business has met with a 
 
 
 
 
 marked success. E. FLi:isriii;n. founder 
 
 
 
 116 
 
HEBREW EDUCATION SOCIETY. 
 ASQUITH AND JACKSON STREETS. 
 
 In 1U03 the Hebrew Education Society bought the property at Asquith and Jackson 
 Streets. To-day the school consists of ten school-rooms, a library, office, janitor's room, bath- 
 room, a cloak and wash room and a covered yard, accommodating 200 children. 
 
 The rooms of the first floor are separated from each other by folding doors, so that by 
 opening the folding doors the classrooms are converted into a small hall, seating about 200 
 children. This building is used for the purpose of Jewish education. 
 
 The curriculum covers a period of seven years from the age of six to fourteen. It 
 includes the following studies: Hebrew, Liturgy, Bible, Apocrypha, INIishnah Talmud, 
 Midrosh, Jewish Mediaeval Poetry, Keo-Hebrew Literature, Commentaries, History, Biography, 
 Ethics, Singing. 
 
 At the present time there are over three hundred pupils, divided into twenty-one classes, 
 seven teachers and one superintendent. The annual expense is about $5,000, but the society 
 bears only a part now, almost half being covered by the tuition cf the pupils. 
 
 During the past year there has been established a preparatory department for the 
 training of Hebrew teachers. 
 
 Officers : 
 
 President Dr. Harry Friedexwald 
 
 Vice-President.. 1-evi Gottschalk 
 
 Treasurer Henry S. Hartogensis 
 
 Secretary Hugo Steixer 
 
 Directors : 
 Isaac Davidsox. Louis Steppacker. 
 
 Max Skutch. :\1aurice Wymax. 
 
 Herman Adler. ' ]\Iiltox Van Leer. 
 
 Moses Daniel. Bexjamix C'ohex. 
 
 The superintendent is S. Benderly. 
 
 COUNCIL MILK AND ICE FUND. 
 
 Eleven years ago the Council Milk and Ice Fund came into existence through the urgent 
 need of the afflicted during the summer season. 
 
 These conditions were largely brought about by the great number of sick and ill-fed 
 babies, the aged poor and the tubercular cases. 
 
 The policy has been, where applicants can pay the wholesale price of milk to make 
 arrangements with the dairy to supply them with the same price that the Fund would have 
 to pay. 
 
 The payments are made directly by them to the dairy, and such cases do not appear on 
 the Charity List. 
 
 The work is supervised by five directors, assisted by a very able corps of workers, all of 
 whom give their labor free. 
 
 The city is divided into districts. All reports and applications for assistance are made to 
 the president, who immediately informs the district worker, who investigates, and if worthy 
 provides the applicant with tickets for the month. 
 
 The present officers are: 
 
 President and Treasurer Mrs. Isidore Ash 
 
 Vice-President Mrs. INIoses Goldenberg 
 
 Secretary Mrs. Aaron Straus 
 
 Directors : 
 Mrs. Isidore Ash. Mrs. Hexry Sonxeborn. 
 
 Mrs. Moses Goldexberg. Mrs. Aaeox Straus. 
 
 Mrs. Antoxie Oppexheimer. 
 117 
 
CARTER, WEBSTER & COMPANY 
 
 Wholesalers and Jobbers of 
 
 Hosiery, Underwear, Gloves, 
 White Goods, Laces, Embroideries and 
 Small Wares 
 
 13-15 HANOVER ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Established January 1. 1889. by W. J. Carter, F. L. Webster and Dr. J. S. Wood- 
 ward. On January I, V.M), F. B. Horsey and J. T. Jones were aduiittetl to the firm. 
 'I'liis firm has an extended trade covering a large southern and adjacent territory, 
 handling standard lines of hosiery, underwear, gloves, white goods, laces, embroideries 
 and small wares, and operate their own factory at Seaford, Del., where they manu- 
 facture work-shirts and overalls, known throughout the country under tiie brand 
 names of "Clifton" and "Dixie." 
 
 Carter, Webster & Company were liurnrd out by tiie fire of February 7, l!i04, and 
 pending the rebuilding of llicir building were located at :?1 1 N. Howard Street. 
 
 lib 
 
THE BALTIMORE BRANCH OF THE ALLIANCE ISRAELITE 
 
 UNIVERSELLE. 
 
 On the evening of May 12, 1888, a meeting was called at the residence of Dr. Aaron 
 Friedenwald to arrange preliminaries for organizing the Baltimore Branch of the Alliance 
 Israelite Universelle. Dr. Aaron Friedenwald called the meeting and Dr. Cyrus Adler 
 explained the aims. Others present were: Rev. Szold, Dr. Schneeberger, Dr. Kaiser, Joel 
 Gutman, Julius Friedenwald and B. H. Hartogensis. 
 
 The circular was drafted, giving a concise account of the purposes of the Alliance Israelite 
 Universelle to be signed by the local rabbis and heads of the congregations. 
 
 About seventy-five persons assembled on June 10, 1888, in the synagogue of the Oheb 
 Sholom Temple on Hanover Street for the purpose of organizing the Baltimore branch of the 
 Alliance Israelite Universelle. Dr. Friedenwald called the meeting to order, and the following 
 officers were elected: President, Dr. Aaron Friedenwald; Vice-President, Rev. B. Szold; 
 Treasurer, Mendes Cohen ; Secretary, Hugo Steiner. 
 
 The purpose of the Alliance Israelite Universelle is to educate the Jews in benighted 
 lands where education is denied them. It provides schools where governments do not maintain 
 them, and that for girls as well as for boys. It teaches trades to both sexes, and prepares 
 boys for farm life under proper auspices. Many of its pupils are so poor that they must be 
 provided by the Alliance with a midday meal. 
 
 The principal business is to make the condition of our downtrodden co-religionists in 
 Southeastern Europe, in the far East and in Africa better and more endurable so that they 
 need not give up their homes and emigrate. It procures for them, where possible, civil and 
 religious liberty, renders them assistance in dire distress, whether caused by persecution or 
 by mobs. It is a veritable Jewish Order of the Red Cross. 
 
 The Alliance expends large sums of money, aggregating $250,000 a year, for these 
 purposes. 
 
 The Baltimore branch merely contributes its portion to the general fund. 
 
 Other branches of the Alliance Israelite Universelle are in New York, Pittsburg and 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 The present officers are: 
 
 President SIMO^' Dalsheimer 
 
 Vice-President William Levy 
 
 Secretary B. H. Hartogensis 
 
 Treasurer S. Singer 
 
 Directors : 
 
 Rev. a. Guttmacher. 
 Rev. Wm. Rosen au. 
 Rev. S. Schaffer. 
 Isaac Davidson. 
 Silas M. Fleischer. 
 Lewis J. Cohen. 
 T. Silberman. 
 M. S. Levy. 
 
 Rev. H. W. Schneeberger. 
 Rev. Charles A. Rubenstein. 
 J. Rothholz. 
 Leon Schiff. 
 Dr. Joseph Blum. 
 Benjamin Cohen. 
 Jonas Hamburger. 
 Louis B. Kohn. 
 
 119 
 
MARYLAND 
 RUBBER 
 COMPANY 
 
 INCORPORATED 
 
 37 HOPKINS PLACE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The JMaiyland Rubber Company was 
 established in 1904 as a corporation with 
 S. H. Jones, president, treasurer and gen- 
 eral manager. The business originally 
 was located at 409 West Lombard Street, 
 moving in April, 1908, to its present 
 commodious quarters, 37 Hopkins Place, 
 a five-story warehouse and basement witli 
 a floor space of 30.000 square 'feet, and 
 twelve traveling salesmen are on the 
 road representing the interests of the 
 house. This house has every facility 
 for handling its large wholesale rubber 
 business locally and throughout the 
 .South from Pennsylvania to Texas. It 
 carries a full and complete line of Rub- 
 ber Goods, Boston and Bay State Rubl>er 
 Footwear, Tennis and Outing Shoes, Wa- 
 terproof Clothing of all kinds. Hose, 
 Beltings, Packings, Druggists' Rubber 
 Sundries of all descriptions, representing 
 in this territory the Peerless Rubber 
 Company, Tlie National India Rubber 
 Com])any, The Boston Rubber Shoe Com- 
 j)any. The liberal policy of the Mary- 
 land Rubber Company has won for it 
 high reputation throughout its territory 
 and accounts for the successful position 
 it now holds, its business methods, as 
 well as quality of its goods, coupled with 
 prompt and efficient service, being gen- 
 erally and generously recognized by its 
 trade. 
 
 120 
 
SKETCH OF THE PURIM ASSOCIATION. 
 
 The Purim Association originated through the action of Mr. Joseph Friedenwald, who 
 wished the Harmony Circle to give an annual mask ball for the benefit of charity, which the 
 circle declined to do. He then called a meeting at the vestry rooms of Hanover Street Temple 
 on November 23, 1868, for the purpose of arranging for an annual Purim Ball, which meeting 
 was attended by the most influential Hebrews of Baltimore. 
 
 The meeting was called to order by Mr. Friedenwald, and he proposed Col. Goody Rosen- 
 feld for president of the organization, the election of whom followed. The membership of the 
 Association was limited, and the net proceeds were applied to the benefit of the Hebrew 
 Hospital and the Hebrew Orphan Asylum alternately. 
 
 The oflScers were: 
 
 Goody Rosenfeld President 
 
 Alex. Frank Vice-President 
 
 D. BiNSWANGER Secretary 
 
 L. N. HiRSHBERG Treasurer 
 
 Harry I. Reixhard. 
 
 Executive Committee : 
 
 Solomon Straus. 
 Joseph Friedberger. 
 
 The Members. 
 
 *Louis Rosenburg. 
 *MosES Wiesexfeld. 
 
 Joseph Fribidenwald. 
 
 Alexander Frank. 
 
 Abrim Nachman. 
 
 Jacob Rose. 
 
 Louis Sinsheimer. 
 *Joel Gutman. 
 *Max Lisberger. 
 
 Samuel Kahn. 
 *MosES Oettinger. 
 
 David Wiesenfeld. 
 
 M. Friedman. 
 
 J. Hammerslough. 
 
 Benjamin Weil. 
 *M. Blum. 
 
 Goody Rosenfeld. 
 
 A. Oppenheim. 
 
 Benj. F. Ulman. 
 
 Leon Seliger. 
 
 (Those marked with * are deceased.) 
 
 *Nathan Lehman. 
 
 Harry I. Reinhard. 
 
 Bernard Blimline. 
 *M. H. Springer. 
 *Wm. Wolfheimer. 
 *Abrim Rosenfeld. 
 
 Levi Weinberger. 
 
 S. Cohen. 
 
 Abrim Hutzler. 
 
 Philip Hamburger. 
 
 Max Lindau. 
 
 M. R. Walter. 
 
 David Binswanger. 
 
 W. H. Straus. 
 
 David Ambach. 
 *Samuel Frank. 
 
 Henry Sonneborn. 
 
 Daniel Greenbaum. 
 *Meyer E. Reinharu. 
 
 M. Goldenberg. 
 
 The net proceeds of the Purim balls amounted to about $2,500 each year, and they were 
 the most elaborate mask balls ever given in this country. The Purim Association continued 
 for ten years, the Association adjourning at that time subject to the call of the president, 
 which call was never made. 
 
 121 
 
JOHN K. HOW COMPANY 
 
 This business was founded in 1890 by Mr. John K. liow, who had previously been 
 engaged with the Edison Company of Kew Yorlv since 1883, and his training in the dif- 
 ferent departments of the Edison Company is ample g\iarantee of his technical skill in 
 all branches of electrical installation. l\lr. How originally began business at 306^W. 
 Lexington Street, and later moved to 219 E. Baltimore Street, where he was burnt out 
 in the big lire of 1904, for a time after which he was located at 552 Calvert Street, 
 when he moved to 306 St. Paul Street, wliere the comj)any is now located. The busi- 
 ness of John K. How Company has the installation of electrical power plants, elec- 
 trical wiring of all kinds, electrical shop work, repairs and construction of all descrip- 
 tions of electrical apparatus. This company carries a large stock of goods, perfect 
 equipment, and employs the best corps of men possible to get, the aim being to do the 
 best kind of work that can be done and to satisfy each and every customer. 
 
 THE KAHI-HOLT CO. 
 
 TIN PLATE AND METALS 
 111 SOUTH CHARLES STREET 
 
 The Kahl-Holt Co. are dealers in Tin Plate and ^Nletals, making a specialty of high 
 grades of these products. The company occupies a perfectly equipped warehouse at 111 
 South Charles Street, and are in position to promptly furnish Tinners' and Roofers' 
 Supplies. Ferrosteel Registers have been furnished in some of Baltimore's most 
 prominent buildings, including Safe Deposit & Trust Co., The Hub Building, The Sun 
 Building, Maryland Institute and many others. The officers of the company are George 
 Kahl. president and treasurer, and Charles S. Holt, secretai-y. 
 
 Jiai^SMIBlii 
 
 ELITE DYEING & CLEANING COMPANY 
 
 The Elite Dyeing and Cleaning Company was established in 1900, the officers of 
 the company at that time being John W. Lowe. President: G. E. Klinefelter, treasurer; 
 William N. Slack, secretary, and Edward Young.' general partner. The officers of the 
 company, since which time have been changed, and now consist of John W. Lowe, presi- 
 dent ; Henry T. Ward, secretary and treasurer: H. Otto Lowe and Jos. W. Whiteford, 
 general partners. Tiiis firm is engaged in the cleaning and dyeing business, and 
 operates one of the very best equipments for first-class work in this section of the 
 country. The original location of this business was Fayette and Green Streets, but 
 is now situated at 212 and 214 Xorth Eutaw Street. The policy of this business is to 
 give its patrons only the very l)est results, which lias won for it a large and select class 
 of patronage. 
 
 121: 
 
123 
 
MILTON C. DAVIS 
 
 Mr. Milton C. Davis began business on his own account in 1891, prior to which 
 time he was superintendent for the old established building contracting firm of John 
 Stack & Sons. Mr. Davis has his olfice in the new Builders' Exchange Building, 15 
 East Fayette Street. Of work which he has done reference is made to the following: 
 
 Cottage for Mrs. M. L. Brinkman, Catonsville. Md. ; cottage for Mr. Herman 
 Bernheimer, Arlington, Md. ; bakery for J. H. Von Drelle, Baltimore, Md. ; buildings 
 for Mayor and City Council: No. 2.5 engine-house, No. 7 engine-house, No. 1.5 truck- 
 house. No. 10 school. Forest Park school, Clifton Park bandstand, factory at City Jail, 
 patrol stable on Frederick Street. Warehouses and stores: Dr. Friedenwald, 117 Nortli 
 Howard Street; Julius VVegner, restaurant and cafe, 9-11 North German Street; A. C. 
 Mever & Co., US West Lombard Street. 
 
 D. S. SCHAFFER 
 
 PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL PLASTERING AND STUCCO WORK 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Schaffer began business in 1891 at 314 Roland Avenue and now maintains his 
 office at 15 East Fayette Street. Some of the most important work in the city of 
 Baltimore has been intrusted to Mr. Schaffer, including such important work as: 
 Hebrew Hospital, Hamburger's Store building, Henry Sonneborn & Co.'s building, St. 
 Joseph's Home of Industry, Gayety Theater, New Monumental Tlieater, Pearce & 
 Scheck's Theater, Harlem Park Church, Samuel Ready School, Gayety Theater, Toronto, 
 Canada; U. S. Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, Va. ; Evans Building, Washington, D. C. ; 
 Star Theater, Weehawken, N. J.; Public School No. 153, Washington, D. C. 
 
 THE CHLORIDE OF SILVER DRY CELL BATTERY COMPANY 
 407-409 NORTH PACA STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 It is our purpose to call the attention of the medical profession to the extraor- 
 dinary progress which has been made of recent years in the manufacture of electro- 
 medical apparatus. A good medical battery is as essential to the needs of modern 
 therapy as is the antiseptic or the hypodermic. In short, it is absolutely indispensable. 
 
 In the selection of such a battery tlie vital question is briefly this: Which are the 
 most desirable and essential features and what objectionable points should we seem to 
 avoid? Other advantages being equal, it stands to reason that a neat, light, compact 
 instrument, capable of being carried from place to place without inconvenience and 
 free from offensive gases, the elements of which cannot spill and ruin the clothing, 
 would instantly recomend itself to the careful and discriminating physician. The 
 chloride of silver dry-cell batteries as manufactured by us fulfill these requirements to 
 the letter, and numy more. 
 
 A. E. JONES 
 
 MANUFACTURER OF ICE CREAM 
 
 SOUTHEAST CORNER PATTERSON PARK AND FAIRMOUNT AVENUES 
 
 This business was established in 1909 byi Mr. A. E. Jones, who lias had long 
 experience in the ice cream business. The plant is located at the southeast corner 
 Patterson Park and Fairmount Avenue, and is equipped with every mechanical and 
 sanitary device for the manufacture of high-grade ice cream. The success which Mr. 
 Jones has achieved since he began business on his own accoimt is evidenced by the fact 
 that he employs, according to season, six to eleven men and requires three delivery 
 wagons to handle his output. Mr. Jones' policy is to make trade and keep it by giving 
 the best quality of ice cream at a fair price and treating all of his patrons with equal 
 consideration. 
 
 124 
 
HEBREW HOSPITAL. 
 
 MONUMENT STREET AND HOPKINS AVENUE, 
 
 MADISON AND REGESTER STREETS 
 
 The Hebrew Benevolent Society erected a building in 1807 for the care of indigent and 
 sick, and on its completion transferred it to the Hebrew Hospital and Asylum Association, 
 chartered in 18G8 for this purpose. 
 
 The original building was extended in 1886 and the new addition used exclusively as a 
 hospital and the original building as a home for males and females. At present, since the 
 erection of the Samuel Leon Frank Memorial Hospital in 1908, the entire building has been 
 litted as a Home. 
 
 The new ^lemorial Hospital also fronts on Monument Street and accommodates 100 
 patients in private rooms, wards, children's wards, etc.; two operating rooms, a nurses' 
 training-school room and offices on first floor. The basement is fitted up as a free dispensary, 
 where 1,500 jjatients are treated monthly. 
 
 There is also an outdoor clinic, where patients are visited in their homes by the doctors 
 and treated free of charge. 
 
 A large tent was erected, where babies were treated in the open air. This will be repeated 
 on a larger scale next summer. 
 
 The officers of the Hebrew Hospital are: 
 
 President Dr. Harry Adler 
 
 Vice-President Julius Gutman 
 
 Treasurer Samuel Frank 
 
 Secretary A. S. Adler 
 
 Medical Superintendeuf Dr. Chas. Bagley, Jr. 
 
 Superintendent David Schwab 
 
 Directors : 
 
 Isaac Strouse. 
 Simon Rosenburg. 
 Eli Frank. 
 Simon Gbeif. 
 Louis Schloss. 
 Henry Friedman. v. 
 
 E. Rosenfeld. 
 Leon C. Coblens. 
 Robert F. Skutch. 
 Leon Hamburger. 
 Jos. Rosenblatt. 
 Jacob B. Caiin. 
 
 125 
 
HANLINE BROS. 
 
 23 & 25 HOWARD ST., AND 30 S. LIBERTY ST. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 A most important and thriving element of industrial activity in the city of Balti- 
 more is the manufacture of ready-mixed paints and the sale of all the articles that 
 come under the head of painters" supplies. One of tlie oldest houses thus engaged was 
 established by Mr. Maurice Hanline in 1848, on Bond Street, in the eastern section ot 
 the city. It was here that he brovight up his three sons to a knowledge of the busi- 
 ness, Leon M., Alexander M. and Simon M. Hanline, who succeeded him in 1882. The 
 death of Leon M. Hanline occurred February 8, 1897. The trade which their father 
 had made and the new trade which they soon commanded combined to largely increase 
 the business and to widen the house's trade relations throughout the country, particu- 
 larly in Maryland and adjacent States, where it principally centers to-day. This 
 necessitated enlargement of the works or removal elsewhere; consequently the property 
 at the southeast corner of Liberty and Lombard Streets was secured and equipped with 
 the best improved machinery for the manufacture of ready-mixed paints. Their latest 
 removal to present warehouses at 23 and 25 Howard Street and 30 South Liberty Street, 
 with the opening of factory, 99 x 150 feet, at the corner of Sharp and Stockhelm Streets, 
 occurred about five years ago. Since their first introduction, paints bearing the brand 
 "Hanline Brothers" have been steadily improved and withstood the severest tests, 
 especialh' in sections bordering on the Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic Ocean. 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 S. HALLE SONS, 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 12G 
 
JEWISH WOBKING GIELS' HOME 
 
 Christhilf, Photo. 
 
 127 
 
ELI L. M. FISHPAW 
 
 Painter and Decorator 
 
 1802 WEST LEXINGTON STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 Shop: 212 NORTH BRUCE STREET 
 
 Residence Phone: C. & P Oilman 1294 
 Also Woodlawn and Glyndon, Baltimore County, Md. 
 
 Tliis business was established about twenty-tive years ago by Mr. Fislipaw's fatlier. 
 (hirino- which time it has built up one of the largest and most successful painting ami 
 decorating businesses in Baltimore City. Among the notable contracts fullilled by .Mr. 
 Fishpaw may be mentioned tlie following: 
 
 Medical & Chirurgical Building 
 
 New Terminal Warehouse and Power Plant 
 
 Edmonson Avenue Car Barn 
 
 No. 5 Engine House and No. 3 Truck House 
 
 No. 27 Enyine House 
 
 Susquehanna Ice Co. 
 
 Good Hope Hall 
 
 C itizens' National Bank 
 
 \'oneitl[' & Co. 
 
 Three Store Buildings, White Estate 
 
 Two Store Buildings, Cohen Estate 
 
 White & Middleton 
 
 iletropolitan Life Insurance 
 
 Krause & Co. Factory 
 
 W. B. & A. Railway 
 
 Balto. Belting Co. Factory 
 (). F. H. \\'arner Warehouse 
 F rich otter Bakery 
 Vatchel B. Bennett Cottage 
 J. E. Stantield Cottage 
 Ur. B. Holly Smith Cottage 
 Mi's. Warfield Cottage 
 Theo. Wilcox Cottage 
 Mrs. L. B. Purnell Cottage 
 Chas. Asliburner Cottage 
 Harrinian Bros. Wareliouse 
 3Iyer & Slagle Warehouse 
 Bethany M. E. Church Interior 
 West Branch Y. M. C. A. Interio 
 Garrett Park M. E. Church 
 
 Mr. Fishpaw enjoys a most extensive patronage among the large builders, corporate 
 interests and property owners, and there is no work so large in character that he cannot 
 handle it with facility and promptness, as he maintains an equipment and a corps of 
 woikmen which has no superior in tliis section of the country. 
 
 ] I:K.\I l.NAI. WAKEKOXSE. PAINTED BY ELI L. M. KI.Slll'AW. o\ IK i(UI .,AI,l.o.\> OF 
 PAINT USED ON THI.S CONTRACT 
 
 IL'S 
 
HEBREW FREE BURIAL SOCIETY. 
 
 Up to 1869 there was no society that looked after the burial of our poor co-religionists; 
 therefore a number of people solicited enough money to bury them, the Benevolent Society 
 furnished onlj^ one carriage and Mr. Riely furnished the hearse free of charge. The number 
 of deaths increased, and several advertisements in the paper brought the following Israelites 
 together at Raine's Hall, in January, 1869: I. Fiteman, Simon Kohlenstein, Israel Posninsky, 
 Philip Joseph, A. Rothschild, Jacob Goldenberg, Fentel Hess. S. Fiteman was elected presi- 
 dent and Philip Joseph secretary and treasurer. 
 
 These men instituted the Hebrew Free Burial Society of Baltimore City. 
 
 The three congregations, the Sloyd Street (now the Madison Avenue Temple), the Eden 
 Street and the Hanover Street (now the Eutaw Place Temple) gave the society a grave free 
 of charge in rotation. 
 
 This continued for over fifteen years, until Mrs. Jonas Friedenwald donated a lot to the 
 society in the Hanover Street Cemetery, which lot the society exchanged for four large lots 
 in which the poor were buried. 
 
 A number of legacies from co-religionists ranging from $25.00 to $500.00. Among the 
 first donations received was $50.00 from the Beacon Lights Literary Society and $50.00 from 
 the Miriam Lodge. 
 
 A great deal of trouble was experienced in obtaining dues. Mr. Nathan Schloss left a 
 large legacy so that thei society • could be protected. The most active workers and those 
 participating in nearly all funerals for many years were Israel Posninsky, Dr. Gerson and 
 Simon Lowenthal. 
 
 The present officers are: 
 
 President Philip Joseph 
 
 Vice-President Chas. Adleb 
 
 Treasurer Leon Schiff 
 
 Secretary S. L. Auerbach 
 
 Directors : 
 
 Michael Hes ;. Philip Lobe. 
 
 WiLLiAW Levy. Solomon Gbinsfelder. 
 
 Julius Eotholz. Julius H. Wymax. 
 
 Michael S. Levy. Leon Weil. 
 
 Samuel Strouse. Jacob Meyer. 
 
 Jacob Epstein. Max Skutch. 
 
 Solomon Ginsberg. 
 
 129 
 
MOSES WOLF, FOUNUEB 
 
 M. WOLF & SON 
 
 M. Wolf «!i: Sdu was established in 1S07 by Mr. IMoses Wolf, who has the distinction 
 of being the tiist Hebrew engaged in tlie insurance business in Baltimore, prior to which 
 time yir. Wolf was in the wiiolesali' clotiiing business under the firm name of Wolf & 
 Bergman. Mr. Wolf conducted the tire insurance brokerage business until the year 
 1892. when the firm name was changed to J\I. Wolf & Son, by reason of Mr. Harry M. 
 Wolf being taken into the firm. The original office of this business was at South and 
 German Streets, and its present location is 30 Connnerce Street. Mr. Moses Wolf died 
 eleven years ago. since which time the business has been conducted by the son. M. Wolf & 
 Son are genei'al insurance agents and brokers, and cover every line of tlie business. 
 ^ir. Hairy M. Wolf has the distinction of being the first and the only active Hebrew 
 mend)er of tlie Baltimore ]'>oard of Fire I'nderwriters, M. Wolf & Son representing the 
 fojj.'wing companies : 
 
 Niagara Fire, of New York 
 Philadel])hia Underwriters 
 Allemannia Fire, Pittsburg 
 Fire Association, Pa. 
 Pennsylvania Fire, Pa. 
 Plineni.x, of Hartford 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 Northern, of England 
 Fondon Assurance 
 Sun, of London 
 Commercial Union 
 t)ueen, of New 'N'ork 
 \\'estern. of Canada 
 Marine 
 
 130 
 
Jk 
 
 Chrislhili, I'huU,. 
 
 LiKTSY LEVY MEMORIAL 
 
 1,'U 
 
LATEST SUPERIOR ADAPTATIONS 
 
 NEW POLICIES OF THE PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 Every Desirable Feature 
 
 The enibodiiiient of complete equity at lowest possible cost. Send your date of 
 birth and illustrations will be furnished you free of cost. 
 
 Frank Markoe, General Agent, 
 
 844 Equitable Building, 
 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 WARSAW ELEVATOR COMPANY 
 
 T. FRANK WILHELM, MGR. 
 MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY: WARSAW, N. Y. 
 
 The Warsaw Elevator Company was estab- 
 lished May, 1904, with Mr. T. Frank Wilhelm 
 manager. Mr. Wilhelm had a long and expert 
 training in this line of business, having formerly 
 been connected with the Maryland Foundry & 
 Machine Company. The original location of the 
 business was Hillen Street, and the present loca- 
 tion is Mercer, Grant and Water Streets. This 
 company is engaged in the constrnction and instal- 
 lation of elevators and dumbwaiters of the most 
 reliable and approved type, and has facilities for 
 the fulfilment of its contracts equal to the best. 
 Among some of the important elevator systems 
 installed by the Warsaw Elevator Company may 
 be mentioned the following: Karl Court Apart- 
 ments, replaced old equipment ; Knickerlwcker 
 Building, replaced old equipment with one of our 
 outfits ; Wentworth Apartments, one passenger ele- 
 vator (car-switch control) and five dumbwaiters; 
 .1. G. Valiant Co.'s new store. Charles and Clay 
 Streets, passenger elevator (car-switch control), 
 4000-pound elevator ; Security Storage & Trust 
 Co., 7000-pound electric freight elevator; Marl- 
 twrough Aiiartments, replaced eight dumbwaiters 
 and one plunger, hydraulic lift ; Horn & Horn's 
 new lunch room, one electric elevator and two 
 push-button dumbwaiters; New CarroUton Hotel. 
 
 electric passenger elevator ; Lewis, Baer & Company, four electric freight elevators ; Kirby's Stoi-e. 
 Lexington Street, one electric elevator: Head's Drugstore; Cohen & Hughes; Jacob Wheatfield, 322 
 West Baltimore Street, one passenger elevator ; Lowenstein & Grcenbnum, German and Paca Streets, one 
 electric passenger elevator; R. Rosenheim & Sons. West Baltimore Street, one electric freight elevator; 
 ,Tohn E. Marshall & Sons, builders, several electric elevators ; Gottschalk Company, two electric elevators ; 
 B. C. Bibb Store Co., two electric elevators; Henry Smith & Sons, several electric elevators. In 
 addition to the above we have several hundred elevators, all of which are giving perfect satisfaction. 
 
 l:V2 
 
AN ACCOUNT OF MRS. BETSY WIESENFELD AND HER FATHER, 
 
 JONAS FRIEDENWALD. 
 
 From the Jemsh Exponent, February 14, 1890. Loaned by Mrs. Rosie Wiesenfeld Rosenfeld. 
 
 For many years one family more than all others in Baltimore has been remarkably 
 prominent because of its activity in the Hebrew charities. Three generations of the Frieden- 
 wald family to-day play important roles by their contributions of time and money in 
 alleviating distress, more especially among the unfortunate of their owti creed. And if 
 anyone who is acquainted even in a small way with local history were asked if there is among 
 Jewish ladies a central figure, he would have no hesitancy in pointing out Mrs. Betsy 
 Wiesenfeld, a member of the second generation, as pre-eminent among a host of noble women. 
 For twenty-seven years she has been the president of the Hebrew Ladies' Sewing Society — an 
 executive whose zeal for the cause is unbounded, whose wonderful energy elicits surprise and 
 comment that her physical constitution can bear such a strain. A pious Mother in Israel 
 in the fullest sense of the word, her time is given vip to the care of her aged father, to the 
 management of some private affairs, and to works of humanity and love, the last engrossing 
 even her leisure hours at home. All three aspects of her life present facts of interest. 
 
 JONAS FRIEDENWALD, PHILANTHROPIST 
 
 The biography of this lady, to be written properly, must include that of her father, Mr. 
 Jonas Friedenwald. It was in Alten-busick, Hesse-Darmstadt, that he first saw the light, 
 eighty-seven years ago, and here the family peaceably earned a living by farming until 1829. 
 America's discipline of Great Britain in the war of 1812 was a long time in spreading the 
 tidings of the wonderful land beyond the seas but when it reached this young man he was not 
 content until, in the winter of 1830, a four months' passage had landed him in Baltimore. 
 Old Chaiim Friedenwald, his father, came too; he officiated for several years in the old 
 Stadt Schule, and died, aged eighty-six, in 1848. The rest of the family included Mrs. Jonas 
 Friedenwald and her son, Bernard Stern, Miss Betsy (aged six), Joseph and Isaac Frieden- 
 wald. Being strictly orthodox Jews, and poor ones at that, they experienced great hardships 
 during their long voyage, and yet greater ones when they first landed, for they had not even 
 beds to sleep on. The mother of the family especially bewailed her sad fate in coming among 
 strangers; and old Jonas Friedenwald's eyes to this very day light up with pleasure when he 
 tells you how his own perseverance and his trust in God won him his success. He was 
 ingenious; when his wife had not a washtub, he got a barrel from the captain of his vessel 
 and, sawing it in half, made her two. Then, without any previous knowledge of the trade 
 except a general mechanical turn, he started out as an umbrella-mender and maker, and by 
 going around from door to door was soon able to earn a living for his family. Just before 
 this time he had refused some proffered assistance. 
 
 AMASSED A FORTUNE FROM SMALL BEGINNINGS 
 
 Umbrella-making was soon given up for the general junk business, and in this the whole 
 family assisted. A specialty was drumming the town for old nails, which all took a hand in 
 straightening out and selling at a reasonable profit. The grocery business was added later. 
 By industry and ingenuity, combined with thrift, Jonas Friedenwald amassed enough money 
 to be able to retire from business in 1854 with a fortune sufficient to maintain him up to the 
 present time and to lay the foundations for the present prosperity of his children and grand- 
 children. His education had been limited, but that was no reason why it should remain so. 
 By closely following the newspapers and by interesting himself in the Masons, he became quite 
 well informed on all subjects, and in the early years of his business career became the general 
 adviser among his Jewish brethren, especially in mercantile matters and real estate. 
 
 133 
 
WOODWARD, BALDWIN & COMPANY 
 
 DOMESTIC DRY GOODS COMMISSION 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The liistory of this old firm extends back to 1844, when the firm was originally 
 established under the name of Wm. Woodward & Company, by \Villiam Woodward, 
 Andrew D. Jones and William H. Baldwin, Jr. 
 
 Messrs. Woodward and Baldwin were reared in Anne Arundel County, ]\Id., and 
 Mr. Jones was born in Baltimore City. 
 
 In 185C the firm name was changed to Woodward, Baldwin & Company, when Mr. 
 Christopher Columbus Baldwin became a member of it. In 1873 it became Woodward, 
 Baldwin & Norris, Edward T. Norris, S. Baldwin and Andrew D. Jones becoming mem- 
 bers. The firm to-day trades under the name of Woodward, Baldwin & Company, which 
 firm is composed of Summerfield Baldwin, Elijah P. Smith, William H. Baldwin, Sum- 
 merfield Baldwin, Jr., Isaac P. Rodman, J. Worthington Dorsey, William A. Baldwin, 
 Wm. T. Westcote, Henry B. Shute, Jr. The first location of the business was Hanover 
 and German Streets, and the present location is 117 West Baltimore Street. This 
 firm is one of the largest domestic dry goods commission houses in the country. The 
 success of the business has been built up under a policy of integrity, application and 
 industry, as evidenced by the position it occupies and its reputation in the business 
 community in general. There is a branch in New York City, established since 18G2. 
 
 TREIDE & SONS 
 
 JOBBERS AND IMPORTERS OF HOSIERY, GLOVES AND UNDERWEAR 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This well-known house was established in 
 1869 by Henry and George C. Treide, and was 
 originally located on Baltimore Street, opposite 
 Hanover. At present the firm occupies the 
 magnificent warehouse at the southeast corner 
 of Hopkins Place and German Street. Treide 
 & Sons are jobbers and importers of Hosiery, 
 (Jloves and Underwear, and their business ox- 
 tends over a large section of the country. The 
 success of this house has been won by fair 
 dealing and depciKhible goods. 
 
 134 
 
Christliilf, thoto. 
 
 IIEBRKW BENEVOLENT SOCIETY 
 
 135 
 
G. S. HOWSER & CO. 
 
 WHOLESALE DEALER IN FELT AND STRAW HATS AND CAPS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The enviable reputation of this house extends hack to 1869. Mr. G. S. Howser, 
 founder of this business, was previously a member of the firm of F. F. Horner & Co.| 
 from which firm he withdrew and bejjan business on his own account, on the upper 
 floor of 324 West Baltimore Street. In 1S72 he was forced to move to larger quarters, 
 at 337 West Baltimore Street. In 1881, to get still larger quarters, the firm moved to 
 19 South Howard Street, and in 1890 again moved to 30,5 West Baltimore Street, a 
 magnificent five-story and basement warehouse with rear entrance on German Street. 
 The firm at present consists of Frederick W. Troxell, George B., Gover C. and G, Sell- 
 man Howser. Mr. G. S. Howser, the founder of the business, died April 6, 1903. 
 
 JOHNSON, BOYD & COMPANY 
 
 The old house of Johnson, Boyd & Company was established 1883 bv George J. 
 Johnson, Wm. Boyd, Wm. McKim Hogg, all men of ripe experience and fully equipped 
 by prior training to build up the successful business which they now control. The 
 original location of the firm was 3 South Hanover Street, which establishment was 
 destroyed in the great fire of 1904. The firm now occupies a magnificently equipped 
 establishment at 19 South Hanover Street. Johnson, Boyd & Co. are jobbers and direct 
 importers of hosiery, gloves and underwear, and their" aim is to furnish first-class, 
 reliable, standard merchandise at reasonable prices. The territory covered by this 
 firm is very extensive and covered regularly by an efficient corps of traveling salesmen. 
 
 HENRY & STROMENGER 
 
 115 HANOVER ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Henry & Stromenger was established November 1, 1905, succeeding 
 Douglas, Henry & Co. The firm is composed of Robert G. Henry and C. H. Stromenger, 
 and occupies ample quarters at 115 Hanover Street. Henry & Stromenger are specialists 
 in Hosiery, Sweater Coats and Bathing Suits, and do extensive bvisiness through the 
 South and Middle West, which territory is covered by five traveling salesmen. 
 
 BLUMENTHAL & LANGFELD 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF LADIES' SUITS AND SKIRTS 
 NORTHWEST CORNER LIBERTY AND GERMAN STREETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm is an outgrowth of the well-known house of D. Langfeld & Co., which 
 was established in 1884 at 26 Hanover Street, which was succeeded bv L. Keene & Co., 
 which continued in business until the fire of 1904. Mr. Edward Blumenthal and Felix 
 Langfeld, who had been identified with the firm of L. Keene & Co., succeeded them under 
 the name of Blumenthal & Langfeld. 'J'lie original location of this firm was on Lom- 
 bard Street, near the bridge, and llicy now occupy tlie large factory and display rooms 
 at the nortliwest corner of Liberty and German Streets. The trade of this house'extends 
 throughout the country, which territory is covered by six salesmen. 
 
PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR OF INSTITUTIONS 
 
 Soon he became active in the charities, and it can be said with truth that his hand was 
 in the foundation of most of Baltimore's Hebrew eleemosynary institutions; his best efforts 
 being in starting the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. He also resuscitated the Free Burial Society. 
 He was treasurer for many years of the Hebrew Benevolent Society and a director and still 
 an honorary official of the Hebrew Hospital. Few American Jews have made more generous 
 and more general use of their money during life, each of the charities having received a 
 handsome donation from him. In 1871, when certain reforms were introduced into' the old 
 Stadt Schvle, Mr. Friedenwald led a number of other more orthodox seceders and formed the 
 Chizuk Emunah Congregation. This has since built, mainly through the assistance of himself 
 and his family, the large orthodox Lloyd Street Synagogue, under the charge of Rev. Dr. 
 H. W. Schneeberger Of this he is president, and to it he devotes all his time and care, 
 seldom missing one of the three daily services except from sickness; for, old and apparently 
 hale as he is, Mr. Friedenwald has been sickly all his lifetime. He bids fair to become a 
 centenarian, and that is the especial prayer of the many needy persons who apply to him for 
 money and advice, not less tlian of his many friends. He is also honored in other spheres, 
 being probably the oldest Mason in Baltimore and an honorable member of Warren Lodge. 
 Joseph, his eldest son, is ex-president of the Hebrew Hospital, and has been president for 
 several years of Bay View Asylum ( City Almshouse ) . Isaac owtis one of the largest printing 
 establishments in the country; Moses, the next son, born in Baltimore, philanthropic like his 
 father, and like him a successful business man, died this summer; Aaron, the youngest, is a 
 professor of Diseases of the Eye and Ear, and has otherwise achieved sufficient distinction 
 to entitle him to a place among the Jewish Worthies (see issue of October 4, 1889) ; Betsy, 
 the only daughter, is the subject of this sketch. He has thirty-four grandchildren and 
 twenty-five great-grandchildren, and the many connections of his descendants include some of 
 Baltimore's leading business men and best Jewish families. (Mr. Friedenward died in August, 
 1893.) 
 
 jfRS. wiesexfeld's early marriage 
 
 The date of Mrs. Wiesenfeld's birth is Tishri 12, 5585, wherefore she is sixty-four years 
 of age. Unfortunately, the means of the family did not allow her to receive much of an 
 education, although, as we have seen, she was but a little girl when she first came to Balti- 
 more. As she grew to the age of twelve the burden of household duties was placed upon her, 
 and she became a second mother to her younger brothers ; for the struggle for existence for 
 a large family was hard at first. Then, too, some of her time had to be employed in the nail- 
 straightening industry and in her father's business. This training continues to be of material 
 value to her to this very day, when she personally manages her real estate and other interests 
 with as much skill and care for detail as characterizes the most successful business man. 
 
 Her father had always looked after poor boys, and it so happened that one of these 
 prospered so well under his tuition, and showed himself so good a business man, that he was 
 gladly welcomed in the Friedenwald family circle. And in 1843 Moses Wiesenfeld married 
 Betsy Friedenwald, aged seventeen years and six months. After that time he won the 
 personal esteem of that prince of Baltimore merchants and philanthropists, Johns Hopkins, 
 who was always ready to help the young man with his advice and financial support. Much of 
 his success he ascribed to Mr. Hopkins's aid and encouragement, and they remained staunch 
 friends until death parted tliem. He founded the wholesale clothing firm of Wiesenfeld & 
 Co., which imtil 1886, when it was dissolved, was a leading establishment of its kind in the 
 South, and during its later years did one and a half million dollars' worth of business in a 
 year — an unprecedented amount at that time for Baltimore. Later he was also connected 
 with many business enterprises and corporations, where his managerial skill was of value in 
 leading the M'ay to permanent success. Following the good example of his mentor, he played 
 a prominent role in charity, serving as president and later director of the Hebrew Benevolent 
 Society. In 1868 he died, cut otT somewhat suddenly in the middle of his splendid career, 
 mourned by a host of friends, his worth testified by many resolutions of organizations and 
 by letters to his sorrowing widow from prominent men far and wide. He made liberal 
 bequests to all the charities. 
 
 137 
 
THE EATON & BURNETT 
 BUSINESS COLLEGE 
 
 9 AND 11 W. BALTIMORE STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 1878 
 
 1910 
 
 The Eaton & Burnett College was established in 1878 by A. H. Eaton, Avho previous 
 to that date was half-owner of the Bryant & Stratton Business College of this city, and 
 Mr. E. Burnett, secretary of the last-named school. In 189G, shortly after the death of 
 Mr. Burnett, Mr. Eaton thought it for the best interest of the college to associate with 
 him certain members of the faculty — men of integrity and experience, who were worthy 
 of this token of confidence. Those taken into co-partnersliip were H. N. Staley, J. W. 
 Dixon, J. C. Thompson, W. S. Chamberlain and C. J. Eaton. Each of these members 
 gives special attention to the pupil's studies and his preparation for a successful entry 
 into business life. 
 
 For more than twenty-seven years the school was located on the nortlieast corner 
 of Baltimore and Cliarles Streets. After the great fire the firm, finding it impossible 
 to secure quarters in the new building erected on the site of the old one, leased the 
 rooms over 9 and 11 West Baltimore .Street, next door to the corner of Charles Street, 
 just across the street from their former location. These rooms have ceilings sixteen 
 feet high and are heated by steam furnislied from the outside, thus securing the best of 
 ventilation and an even temperature at all times. 
 
 The course of instruction includes bookkeeping in all its modern forms, penmanship, 
 arithmetic, shorthand, typewriting and lectures on business customs, commercial law 
 and the demonstration of the various up-to-date office appliances. 
 
 US 
 
HEBBEW FEIENDLT INN 
 
 Christhilj, Photo. 
 
 139 
 
ECLIPSE 
 MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Ladies' 
 and Children's Muslin and Flannel Underwear 
 
 CORNER FAYETTE AND FRONT STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Eclipse Manufacturing Co. was incor])niatp(l INIarcli 1, 1007, with J. Watkin 
 Kitter, jtiesident, and Alfred Schlounes, secretary and treasurer. The original location 
 of this business was 9-11 North Gay Street, but in March, 1!)0S, owing to the demand 
 for more room, the company moved to its present home at the northeast corner of 
 Fayette and Front Streets, where it occupies four floors (56 by UO feet each. The com- 
 pany employ 150 operatives, utilizing 125 machines. The territory covered comprises 
 Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia. West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky, North 
 Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, 
 Arkansas and Oklahoma, and is covered by five salesmen. The Eclipse INIanufacturing 
 Co. maintain a New York office and Display Room at 473 Broadway. The policy of 
 this business has been to produce the higliest grade of manufacturing at a minimum 
 cost — the success of which policy is attested by the constant increase in tlie volume of 
 the company's business. 
 
 110 
 
ACTIVITY IN THE LADIES* SEWING SOCIETY 
 
 Mrs. Wiesenfeld had always been encouraged by her father and husband in following out 
 her own desires to alleviate distress. At the first election of officers of the Hebrew Ladies' 
 Sewing Society in 18G2 we not only see her elected a manager, but her daughter, Miss Carrie, 
 now Mrs. Michael Kosenfeld, on the board. Evidently long before that time she was a 
 prominent figure among the charitably inclined of this city. At the next election she accepted 
 the presidency, and has since maintained it. She is known as the chief financier of the 
 concern, and no male assistance is needed in that department. An idea can be gained of the 
 character of her eff"orts in this direction from the statement that the society has a sinking 
 fund of nearly $16,000, expends annually nearly $4,000, has 550 members, distributes garments 
 and shoes to men, women and children, and all the necessaries of householding to families. To 
 have managed the host of ladies who assemble every Monday afternoon for the purpose of 
 sewing for the poor, and to have prevented private differences and class feeling from inter- 
 fering with attendance and work, or worse, from causing disruption in the society, is another 
 tribute to her skill. She is general investigator of charitable cases, and though to those who 
 do not understand the whys and wherefores appearing somewhat harsh, she knows many 
 valuable things of practical charity, and how to give to the best advantage of benevolent and 
 beneficiary. The Sewing Society, largely through her individual exertion, alleviated much 
 distress among suffering Jews and Gentiles by the flood in Baltimore in 1868. In 1871 came 
 the great Chicago fire, and again Mrs. Wiesenfeld's warm heart stimulated her collaborators 
 to have the first bundle of clothing reach the sufferers and to send an aggregate of nearly 
 $9,000 in clothing and money to the destitute of that city. The Baltimore Hebrew Orphan 
 Asylum was burned to the ground in 1874, and she again led the society in looking after the 
 children's wants. In 1878 the smallpox epidemic called forth the efforts of the society and 
 its president. She gave the use of a house on Durham Street as a pest-house, visited its 
 patients frequently, or had information brought to her daily by the attendants at a great risk 
 to her family. They had eight patients, and all recovered. 
 
 AID FOR THE RUSSIANS 
 
 When the Russian refugees came in large' numbers in 1882 her house was stocked with 
 the clothing she had solicited for tliem. They came for information or help at all hours of 
 the day and night, making of it an actual refugees' retreat; she attended in person daily to 
 the families quartered in five houses at the expense of the Russian Aid Committee, even 
 purchasing the food for each and every one; and in general, through and with the aid of the 
 society, did much to alleviate their misery and put them on a road to earning a living. Since 
 that time her house has been a sort of information bureau for the charities in the eastern 
 district of the city in the absence of a regularly managed office for the entire city. The 
 society and Mrs. Wiesenfeld also rendered efficient aid to the Russian colonists at Middlesex, 
 Va., whose colony proved a disastrous failure. 
 
 Among other charitable enterprises with which Mrs. Wiesenfeld has been connected as 
 president is the Ladies' Hospital Association, which furnished substantial aid to the Hebrew 
 Hospital for nearly fourteen years. She was also an energetic and successful worker in a fair 
 held for the benefit of the institution, and of a variety of entertainments held for the same 
 cause. She has also taken an active interest in non-Jewish movements, such as a fair for the 
 German Orphan Asylum, for the Home of the Inebriates, etc. Everyone who knows the 
 character and extent of Mrs. Wiesenfeld's activity Avonders that, even with a vigorous 
 constitution, she does not break down under tlie load. Perhaps her love for the work stimu- 
 lates her sufficiently to renew her strength. Yet her health is none too good, and some of her 
 equally noble sisters in the work are insisting on relieving her of duties that can easily be 
 borne by others. 
 
 CHARITY AND RELIGION COJIDINEO 
 
 Mr. Jonas Friedenwald has also been in the habit of providing the poor with mazzoth 
 for Passover, and distributing iipward of 3,000 pounds of flour per year. ^Irs. Wiesenfeld's 
 
 141 
 
PH. F. GEHRMANN CO. 
 
 "The Baby Cap and Ruching House" 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Children's Hats, Baby Caps, Ruching, Ladies' Neckwear and Aprons, 
 
 Importers and Jobbers of VeiUngs, Infants' Handknit 
 
 Sacques and Bootees, Silk and Woolen Knit 
 
 Shawls, Ladies' Head Scarfs, Etc. 
 
 15 NORTH LIBERTY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The business was fouiidetl in the 
 year 1875, by iMr. Philip F. Gehr- 
 mann and his father Mr. Chas. Gehr- 
 mmn, of A., trading as Ph. F. Gehr- 
 mann & Co. and engaged in the 
 manufacture of Children's Hats, 
 Baby Caps, Ruching, Ladies' Neck- 
 wear and Aprons and Importers and 
 .Jobbers of Veilings, Infants' Hand- 
 knit Sacques and Bootees, Silk and 
 Woolen Knit Shawls, Ladies' Head 
 Scarfs. It was started in a small 
 way at 206 North Gay Street, but 
 through the enterprise and untiring 
 zeal of its founders, it soon outgrew 
 its small quarters, and in the year 
 1879 it was moved to the large ware- 
 house Nos. 33 and 35 Hanover Street. 
 In the year 1880, Mr. August C. 
 Gehrmann, a younger brother, was 
 admitted to the firm. Mr. Philip F. 
 Gehrmann dying in the year 1885, 
 the business was successfully con- 
 tinued by the surviving members, 
 Messrs. Chas. Gehrmann and .August 
 C. Gehrmann, up to February, 1904, 
 when the entire plant was destroyed 
 by the great Baltimore fire of that 
 year. Mr. Chas. Gehrmann retired 
 at this time, and in .^pril, 1904, Mr. 
 Augujst C. Gehrmann continued on 
 his own account at the original loca- 
 tion, 206 North Gay Street, with an 
 entirely new plant, under the old 
 firm name. 
 
 January 1, 1907, the business was 
 moved to the present spacious quar- 
 ters. Mr. .August C. Gehrmann 
 dying in .June, 1908, the same 
 was purchased from the adminis- 
 trators and incorporated by the 
 following well-known business men, 
 several of whom were old employees 
 of the Ph. F. Gehrmann Co.; viz.: 
 Oscar S. Taylor, Charles F. Crist, 
 J. William Crist, John C. Ohren- 
 schall, George L. McDaniel. The 
 officers of the company are, Oscar 
 S. Taylor, President and Treasurer; 
 Charles F. Crist, V ice-President, and 
 Geo. L. McDaniel, Secretary, who 
 are conducting the business most 
 successfully at the present time. 
 The firm has five traveling salesmen, 
 employing altogether about eighty 
 Ijersons in its sale, office and manu- 
 facturing ilepartments. The terri- 
 tory covered by this house includes 
 the States of Maryland, Pennsylva- 
 nia, Virginia, North Carolina, South 
 Carolina, ticorgia. West X'irginia, 
 Ohio. 
 
 142 
 
familiarity with the persons wlio might apply has made her the manager of this work. Now 
 a fund has been created which the lady will manage during her life, and her daughter, Mrs. 
 G. Rosenfeld, after her. 
 
 For many years Mrs. Wiesenfeld has devoted her leisure hours at home to making all 
 the shrouds (tachrichim) after the orthodox manner for the dead of the Hebrew Burial 
 Society, the Ladies' Sewing Society furnishing the material. She has been relieved in part 
 of this duty, but still does much work of the same kind, and last year earned for the society 
 from private persons of means who purchased these burial garments nearly $100. 
 
 HER DEVOTIOX TO HER FATHER 
 
 But though the lady loves her charity work and shirks no duty, and though she is a clever 
 woman attending regularly to her business affairs, yet above all these is her devotion for her 
 aged father — a care that is really touching to those who know of it. He is a thoroughly 
 observant orthodox Jew, she as pious a Jewess; he an old man of whims, she an indulgent 
 child slighting not one of them; he sick at times, sleepless at others; she by his side when she 
 thinks a few words from her will bring him pleasure. "Mrs. Wiesenfeld," say her friends, 
 "lives for her father." The lady has five sons and four daughters. Of the latter, Mrs. Goody 
 Eosenfeld, corresponding secretary of the Ladies' Sewing Society, takes much of the same 
 kind of interest in the charities as her mother. The third generation includes eighteen 
 grandchildren. (Mrs. Betsy Friedenwald died February 12, 1894.) 
 
 14'. 
 
THE MARYLAND 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA 
 RAILROAD 
 
 Traversing the rich uplands of Baltimore, 
 and Harford Counties, Maryland, and 
 York County, Pa.; offers many attractive 
 locations for country homes; uses stand- 
 ard equipment, maintains excellent train 
 service, gives very low commutation 
 fares, and liberal market and package 
 privileges. If Illustrated booklets are 
 issued annually which are mailed free 
 upon request. If Inquiries solicited, 
 and information cheerfully given. 
 
 C. A. FIFER 
 
 General Passenger Agent 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 144 
 
ItMARYLAND STEEL COMPANY 
 
 SPARROW'S POINT, MD. 
 
 FLOATIXG DRY DOCK DEWEY 
 
 The town of Sparrow's Point takes its name from the tract of land upon which it 
 stands, which is a part of the original grant to Thomas Sparrow in November, 1652, 
 nearly 80 years before Baltimore was laid out. Here a son of the grantee, Solomon 
 Sparrow, built a house which was known far and wide as "Sparrow's Nest." It has 
 long since disappeared, bvit its site is marked by an old brick building now used as a 
 kindergarten. 
 
 In 1886 the Pennsylvania Steel Comjiany at Steelton, Pa., conceived the idea of 
 having a plant on tidewater, in order to save the inland freights on raw materials as 
 well as on the finished product. Sparrow's Point was acquired and in 1887 the work 
 of building what has proved to be one of the best-known steel plants in the world was 
 begun. It was known as the Maryland Extension of the Pennsylvania Steel Company 
 until in June, 1891, when it took out a charter in its own name as "Maryland Steel 
 Company." 
 
 From this plant has been turned out steel rails which have been shipped all over 
 the world. In its marine department were built some of the fastest torpedo boat 
 destroyers in our navy, the Worden, Whijjple and Truxton, besides merchant steamers, 
 passenger boats, tugs, barges and dredges. 
 
 In the dry dock department have been built two of the largest steel floating dry- 
 docks in the world — the New Orleans dock and the famous Dewey. 
 
 The town of Sparrow's Point is a model of cleanliness. Its streets, which are well 
 laid out, are lined with shade trees and neat cottages. Underground sewerage and deep 
 artesian wells protect the health of the community. 
 
 Its schools, which grade from kindergarten to a high school, also include manual 
 training and domestic science. 
 
 14.5 
 
FRED. WALPERT & COMPANY 
 
 CURLED HAIR BRISTLES, BEDDING, ETC. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This l)usiness was established 
 fiftv-seven years ago by Mr. Fred. 
 Walpcrt: oil ins death, in 1898, the 
 lirm was continued by !Mr. ilar- 
 sliall W. Harden and Mr. Wm. 
 Mantz; later, after Mr. Mantz's 
 death, the firm was continued by 
 Mr. Marshall W. Harden and his 
 two sons. Fred. W. Harden and 
 Samuel W. Harden. 
 
 The offices, showrooms and 
 mattress factory are located at 
 106 and 108 North C4ay Street, a 
 double building of three and four 
 stories, covering a combined space 
 of 45 by 280 feet. Here is carried a heavy stock of Curled Hair Bristles, Bedding, etc., 
 also supplies for manufacturers of mattresses. The motive power is a gas engine, and 
 from 50 to 75 hands are employed. 
 
 The hair factory is situated on Jenkins Lane, where the making of curled hair is 
 a specialty; buildings all equipped with the most improved and modern machinery. 
 Steam is the motive power, and 150 to 200 employees are needed Jo handle the produc- 
 tion. On the same lane is a husk factory operated by the firm. There are eight build- 
 ings devoted to tliis branch. The motive power here is steam, and 100 hands are em- 
 ployed. The trade of the house is immense, as they operate the largest curled hair 
 factory in the city, if not in the State, and their goods go all over the United States. 
 
 J. S. WILSON, JR., & COMPANY 
 
 BANKERS 
 
 The firm of J. S. Wilson, Jr., & Co. was formed February 1, 1907; the original 
 members of the firm were J. Sawyer Wilson, Jr., and Arthur L. Jones. 
 
 Both the members had been in the banking business for a number of years. 
 
 On February 1, 1909, Horatio L. Whitridge, who also had been in the banking 
 business for a number of years, was admitted to the firm. 
 
 From the beginning the ofiices of J. S. Wilson, Jr., & Co. have been in the Calvert 
 Bank Building. On August 1, 1909, the firm moved to large and handsome offices on 
 the ground floor of the same building. 
 
 The firm transacts a general banking business, trades in high-grade investment 
 securities, negotiates loans for railroads and other corporations, sells letters of credit 
 available in all parts of the world and receives deposits subject to cheque. 
 
 J. S. Wilson, Jr., & Co. are members of the New York Stock Exchange and have 
 direct wire connections with all the principal markets. 
 
 Present members of the firm are J. Sawyer Wilson, Jr., Arthur L. Jones and 
 Horatio L. Whitridge. 
 
 1-16 
 
MENDES COHEX 
 
 147 
 
LAYTON FONTAINE SMITH 
 
 Associate Member, American Society of Civil Engineers 
 Member, American Society Engineering Contractors 
 
 anfsrie?n-T!o: Trusscd Concrcte Steel Company 
 
 KAHN SYSTEM OF REINFORCED CONCRETE 
 
 WILSON BUILDING, CHARLES AND SARATOGA STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Specialist in the economic design and constinctinn nf reinforced concrete bnildings 
 and other structures. I liave designed .according to tlie Kahn System of Reinforced 
 Concrete the reinforced cunL'rete constructinn for over two luindred and forty structures, 
 including: 
 
 ^ 
 
 Churches 
 
 Banks 
 
 Factories 
 
 Office Buildings 
 
 Apartment Houses 
 
 Residences 
 
 Hotels 
 
 Garages 
 
 Hospitals 
 
 Stables 
 
 Universities 
 
 Dry Kilns 
 
 Cooperage Plants 
 
 Power Houses 
 
 Warehouses 
 
 J^ 
 
 J0^ 
 
 Barracks 
 Bridges 
 Culverts 
 Maducts 
 Retaining Walls 
 Storage Bins 
 Reservoirs 
 Grandstands 
 Roundhouses 
 Coal Trestles 
 Tanks 
 Subterranean Res- 
 ervoirs 
 
 Foundation^ 
 Etc., Etc. 
 
 US^ 
 
 ci:e.muai. i,ai:i)uat()i;v. v. s 
 wasiitngtox, 
 
 Di'.rr. 
 
 D. C. 
 
 AClMCn.TlTtE 
 
 lis 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA OF A FEW OF THE MANY WELL-KNOWN 
 
 JEWS OF BALTIMORE. 
 
 Note. 
 
 Owing to the random manner in which these biographies were received, it has been 
 impossible to arrange them in anytliing like logical or alphabetical order. However, the 
 Alphabetical Biographical Index in the front of the book will facilitate the finding of any 
 specially desired biography. 
 
 MENDES COHEN 
 
 Son of David I. and Harriett Cohen, was born May 4, 1831, in Baltimore City. He 
 received his education in private schools as a civil engineer. Mr. Cohen held subordinate 
 positions with the Baltimore & Ohio K.R. (1851-1855), assistant superintendent Hudson 
 River R.R. (1855-1861), vice-president and later president of the Ohio & Mississippi R.R. 
 (1861-1863), superintendent Reading & Columbia R.R. (1864-1866), president's assistant 
 and comptroller Lehigh Coal & Navigation Co. (1868-1871), president Pittsburg & Con- 
 nellsville R.R. (1873-1875), director in board of same company (1873-1903), chairman 
 Sewerage Commission, City of Baltimore (1893-1900); member of Board appointed in 
 1894 by President of the United States, under the River and Harbor Act of August, 1894, to 
 examine and determine route for construction of Chesapeake and Delaware Canal ; member 
 Art Commission, City of Baltimore, since its establishment; corresponding secretary Maryland 
 Historical Society (1884-1904) and president of same since 1904, member American Society 
 of Civil Engineers since 1867 and president in 1892. Mr. Cohen married Miss Justina Nathan. 
 
 FABIAN FRANKLIN, PH.D., LL.D. 
 
 Son of Morris Joshua and Sarah Heilpin Franklin, was born at Eger, Hungary, January 
 18, 1853. Dr. Franklin attended the Columbian University, Washington, D. C, from which 
 he received his degree of B.A. in 1869, and the Johns Hopkins University, from which he 
 received Ph.D. in 1880. The active work of Dr. Franklin's life began in the capacity of civil 
 engineer and surveyor, and continued along these lines until 1877. From 1879 to 1895 he 
 was successively associate professor and professor of mathematics at Johns Hopkins Uni- 
 versity. He gave up his professorship in 1895 to assume editorial charge of the Baltimore 
 News, a position he held until 1908. He is now associate editor of the Neiv York Evening 
 Post. Dr. Franklin is an associate fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 
 Boston, Mass., and his mathematical papers have appeared chiefly in the A7nerican Journal 
 of Mathematics. A full account of Dr. Franklin's life is set forth in the Jewish Encyclopaedia. 
 
 ABRAHAM COHEN. 
 
 Son of Simon and Theresa (Brafman) Cohen, was born in Baltimore, September 11, 1870. 
 His father, Simon Cohen, came to this country from Bavaria in 1845, and was a charter 
 member of Oheb Shalom Congregation. Abraham received his preparatory education at 
 Scheib's Zion School and the Baltimore City College, and later graduated from Johns Hopkins 
 University, receiving the degree of A.B. in 1891 and Ph.D. in 1894. In 1895, after spending a 
 year abroad, Mr. Cohen was made a member of the staff of the Mathematical Department, 
 and has continued tliere until the pi'esent time, and is co-editor of the American 
 Journal of Matheviatics. Mr. Cohen, since 1896, has been a member of the school board of 
 Oheb Shalom Congregation, and since 1898 chairman of the board. In 1898 he became a 
 member of the board of directors of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. In 1906 Mr. Cohen published 
 his "Treatise on Differential Equations" (Heath & Co., Boston). He is a Phi Beta Kappa and 
 fellow of A. A. A. S., member of the Society of the Teachers of Mathematics of the Middle 
 States and Maryland, and is the president of the Society of Teachers of Mathematics of Balti- 
 more. Mr. Cohen was married to Miss Lee M. Bren, June 20, 1900. Mr. Cohen's biography has 
 also been published in "Who's Who in America" and "American Men of Science." 
 
 149 
 
THIS nationally renowned business college was founded in 18ti4, and was incor- 
 porated in 1895. This institution lias always appealed to young men and young 
 women who were interested in a business education, and desire to keep abreast of the 
 times. The branches taught are: 
 
 Bookkeeping and Office Practice, Accounting, Banking Pen- 
 manship, Correspondence, Arithmetic, Rapid Calculations, 
 Business Law, Shorthand, Typewriting and English. 
 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 Maryland 
 
 DAY SCHOOL ENTIRE YEAR 
 NIGHT SCHOOL OCTOBER TO APRIL 
 
 THERE were never so many opjiortunities in the business world for young men 
 and women with proper training as there are to-day, and the advantages which have 
 come from a business training at this old institution may be best apprehended from 
 the fact that in the biographies contained in this work so many prominent men men- 
 tion with pleasure the fact that they graduated from Sadler's Bj-rant & Stratton 
 Business College. This business school is located at 13-27 W. Fayette St., where are 
 maintained large and commodious q\iarters. adapted in every way to its special work. 
 The oflicers of the company are F. A. Sadler, President; R. M. Browning, Secretary. 
 Special literature pertaining to the merits and scope of this college may be had upon 
 personal or written application. 
 
 150 
 
THE BARTLETT HAYWARD CO. 
 
 Founders and Engineers 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Bartlett llayward Company was founded in tlie year 1837 by the fatlior of the 
 late Thomas J. Playwaril, bej^inning with the manufacture of stoves, and hiter <>n 
 developing and bringing into general use the best, tlie most modern and most satis- 
 factory method of lieating and ventilating all classes of buildings. 
 
 During the period of the Civil War this firm added to their business that of con- 
 ducting the \Vinans Locomotive Works, but owing to the extensive growth of their own 
 line of industry they subsequently' disposed of that extensive work. In 1880 they 
 entered the field for the manufacture of gas machinery, and it is this branch of the 
 business, that has- developed to such proportions, that the corporation to-day stands as 
 the foremost and largest manufacturer of this class of machinery in this country. 
 
ISIDOR RAYNER. 
 
 Born in Baltimore, Md., April 11, 1850. He was educated at the University Virginia 
 (1866-70), pursuing the academic course for three years and a law course for the last year. 
 On leaving that institution ho became a law student in the offices of Brown & Brune, Balti- 
 more, shortly afterwards he was admitted to the bar and soon secured a large trial practice. 
 In 1878 Eayner, as a democrat, was elected a member of the Maryland Legislature. There- 
 after he devoted himself to law until 1880, when he was elected State senator. In the same 
 year he was nominated for Congress, and was elected for three terms; he declined nomination 
 for a fourth term. 
 
 Eayner served upon the committees of foreign affairs, coinage commission, weights and 
 measures and commerce. He was chairman of the committee of organization and was con- 
 spicuous in the contest for the repeal of the Sherman Silver Act. 
 
 In 1899 Rayner was elected attorney-general of Maryland, and in 1901, when Admiral 
 Schley was called before the Government Court of Inquiry, he was appointed associate 
 counsel, becoming senior counsel upon the death of Judge Wilson. He increased his reputa- 
 tion by his masterly defense of that admiral. Rayner was elected United States senator on 
 February 4, 1904, for the term beginning March 5, 1905, and re-elected on January 19, 1910, 
 for the term commencing March 4, 1911. 
 
 DR. HARRY FRIEDENWALD. 
 
 Son of Aaron Friedenwald and Bertha Bamberger Friedenwald, was born on the 21st day 
 of September, 1864. Dr. Friedenwald received his education in the Zion Church School of 
 Baltimore, the Johns Hopkins University, College of Physicians and Svirgeons, Baltimore, 
 University of Berlin and University of Vienna. He began the active practice of his profession 
 in 1890, and is especially devoted to ophthalmology and otology. Dr. Friedenwald is a member 
 of Phi Beta Kappa, Johns Hopkins Club, University Club, a member of the Medical and 
 Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, American Medical Association, American Ophthalmological 
 Society, American Otological Society, Ophthalmological Society of Germany, Fellow American 
 Baltimore, Association of tlie Advancement of Science, director Jewish Theological Seminary 
 of x\merica, president Jewish Home for Consumptives and president of Federation of American 
 Zionists. Dr. Friedenwald is vice-president of the Chizuk Amuno Congregation. Dr. Frieden- 
 wald has held the following positions: Professor of ophthalmology and otology. College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore ; ophthalmic and aural surgeon to the Baltimore Eye, Ear 
 and Throat Charity Hospital, the Hebrew Hospital, Mercy Hospital and St. Agnes Hospital. 
 On June 28, 1892, Dr. Friedenwald married Miss Bertha Stein and has two children, Julia 
 Babette and Jonas. 
 
 MICHAEL S. LEVY. 
 
 Son of Lazar and Esther Levy, was born in Mur-Goslin, Province of Rosen, Germany, on 
 March 11, 1836. His father was a man noted for his charity and good-will and his mother 
 possessed a remarkably keen mind, and it was her influence that bore most strongly upon 
 Mr. Levy's moral character. His education was self-achieved. At the age of eighteen he 
 began business as a straw-hat manufacturer, from which beginning he has built up one of 
 the largest manufacturing industries of Baltimore City. Mr. Levy is a . director of the 
 Hebrew Benevolent Society, president of the Chizuk Emunah Congregation for the past eight 
 years, preceding which time he was vice-president of the same congregation. From 1902 to 
 1906 he was a director of the Guardian Trust Company and is a member of the Independent 
 Order of Free Sons of Israel. Mr. Levy is an ardent Bible student, and considers the reading 
 of the daily newspapers a liberal education in itself. Ambition and perseverance are two 
 factors which Mr. Levy considers as the governing essentials of life's success. On March 26, 
 1856, Mr. Levy married Miss Betsy Jacobs and has had ten children, nine of whom are living. 
 
 153 
 
THE AMERICAN 
 STREET LIGHTING COMPANY 
 
 831-833-835 GREENMOUNT AVENUE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tliis company was establislied in the latter part of 1900 as the American Lighting 
 Company by Mr. Robert S. Carswell, who was prominently identitied in the oil refining 
 business, and Mr. David M. Newbold, Sr., a man prominent in the financial world of 
 Baltimore. 
 
 The company was originally located on Frederick and Fayette Streets, but owing to 
 its quick and wonderful growth was compelled to occupy its present commodious 
 quarters at 831-835 Greenmount Avenue. 
 
 The company has in operation at the present time over 40,000 of its patented street 
 lamps under municipal contracts in Baltimore, Washington, Wilmington, Newport, 
 
 MT. VERNON PLACE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Bridgeport, Kichmond, Akron and many other toM'ns throughout this country and 
 Canada. Its success is due to its ability to give municipalities eliicient street lighting 
 service at a minimum cost. In Baltimore, where it has had a contract for the past ten 
 years, and in Washington for the past six years, the saving to tiie municipalities has 
 averaged over half a million dollars. 
 
 The present officers of the company are: 
 
 Mr. Eugene S. Newbold President 
 
 Mr. David M. Newbold, Sr \'ice-P)-csident 
 
 Mr. George P. Ney tSccretunj and Treasurer 
 
 151 
 
El'HRAIM KEYSEB 
 
 loo 
 
SAWMILL PLANT OF IIEDARD CYPKESS CO. 
 WAYCROSS, GEORGIA 
 
 DAVID E. EVANS & COMPANY 
 
 Engineers and Contractors 
 
 Reinforced Concrete Construction and Railway 
 Construction 
 
 11 EAST LEXINGTON STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 David E. Evans & Company was established in 1891 by Mr. David E. Evans. In 
 1906 Mr. David E. Evans took Mr. Robert W. Evans in the firm, since which time Mr. 
 Evans has died, and the business is now conducted by Mr. Robert W. Evans under the 
 old firm name. This firm occupies a high position as Engineers and Contractors in 
 Reinforced Concrete Construction and Railway Construction, having done 75 per cent, 
 of this work for the street railways of Baltimore City, and several very large railroad 
 contracts; also a great number of reinforced concrete sawmills and factories throughout 
 the South. This company erected the first reinforced concrete steam-heated lumber 
 dry kilns, the perfect success of which has added considerably to their reputation 
 and business. Tlie aim of this company has been to demonstrate practically the thor- 
 ou"-h utility of reinforced concrete construction, and the success of its eflforts are 
 clearly shown by the extensive contracts which have come to it, and the general satis- 
 faction which all its work has given throughout wide territory. 
 
 156 
 
DR. JULIUS FRIEDENWALD 
 
 Son of Aaron and Bertha Bamberger Friedenwald, was born in Baltimore City December 
 20, 1866, receiving liis early education at Scheib's Zion School and Baltimore City College. 
 Later he graduated from Johns Hopkins University (1888), College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons (1890), receiving the degrees of A.B. (Johns Hopkins), M.D. (College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons) and A.M. (Loyola College, honorary, 1892). Dr. Friendenwald began active 
 work in his profession in the Baltimore City Hospital (1890). He has been associated with 
 the College of Physicians and Surgeons as Professor of Diseases of the Stomach since 1900; 
 visiting physician City Hospital, St. Agnes' Hospital, Union Protestant Infirmary, Church 
 Home Infirmary; member American Medical Association, Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of 
 Maryland; president (1908-1910) and charter member of the American Gastro-Enterological 
 Association, Fellow American Academy of IMedicine, and associate member of Association of 
 American Physicians. Dr. Friedenwald has published "Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis," with 
 Drs. Beck and Knapp; "Diet in Health and Disease" (three editions), with D. J. Ruhrah; 
 "Dietetics for Nurses" (two editions), "Fvmctional Diseases of the Stomach," in Osier's 
 Modern Bledicine, and contribvited numerous scientific investigations in various medical 
 periodicals. Dr. Friedenwald is a member of the University Club and Johns Hopkins Club of 
 Baltimore City and is a member of Chizuk Emunah Congregation. 
 
 Dr. Aaron Friedenwald, father of Julius, was professor of eye and ear diseases, College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, and president of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland 
 (1890). Dr. Julius Friedenwald married Miss Esther Rohr October, 1900. His life's policy 
 has been "To work hard and not to recognize the word 'failure.' " 
 
 EPHRAIM KEYSER 
 
 Born in Baltimore. Educated in the public schools and city college; early art education 
 
 at the night school of the Maryland Institute; sculpture at the Royal Academy in Munich, 
 
 where he was awarded the silver medal for "The Page," and at the Royal Academy in Berlin, 
 
 where he won the Michael Beer Scholarship for a year's study in Rome, with "Psyche," a 
 
 replica in marble now in the Cincinnati Art Museum. Studio in Rome from 1880 to 1886. 
 
 ^'o in New York from 1887 to 1893. Returned to Baltimore in 1893 to accept the position 
 
 "uctor of modeling at the Maryland Institute Art School, and since 1902 instructor of 
 
 rt School for Sculpture, which positions he still occupies. Among his works are 
 
 Major-General Baron DeKalb, erected by the United States Government at 
 
 ; the tomb of President Chester A. Arthur at the Rural Cemetery, Albany, 
 
 tombs at the Baltimore Hebrew Cemetery, and numerous portrait busts and 
 
 •nong which are those of Cardinal Gibbons, Dr. Daniel C. Gilman, Sidney 
 
 "oy, Henry Harland, General Thomas J. Shryock, Prof. M. A. Newell, 
 
 David Einhorn and many others. Among his ideal works, besides 
 
 "The Falcon," "The Old Story," "Titania" and "A Duet." 
 
 ELI FRANK 
 
 born in Baltimore City on February 8, 1874, was 
 
 ' the City College of Baltimore City, later gradu- 
 
 id Law School, University of Maryland (1896), 
 
 'uring which year he also became professor 
 
 '^e became president of Federated Jewish 
 
 •dsh Hospital and Asylum Association. 
 
 "ebrew Congregation, and is a member 
 
 married Miss Rena Ambach and has 
 
;LUSJVELV 
 TEA. 
 
 LOMBARD ST. 
 BALTIMORE. MD. 
 
 MARTIN GILLET & COMPANY 
 
 "HE-NO TEA" 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This exclusive tea importing house is the oldest in the United States. Th 
 tion of Martin Gillet & Co. as large importers of teas extends as far back f 
 the firm has always occupied a most prominent place among the great ^ 
 the country, and, in fact, is the largest house in the United States engr 
 in the business of importing and packing teas. They are the origi" 
 teas in cylindrical packages tied at the end, and their special brand 
 seen everywhere. This brand is claimed to be the purest and b 
 on the market, a claim which the enormous demand wou' 
 addition, a large general tea business is transacted. Th 
 cern, at Exchange Place and Holliday Street, was 
 February, 1904, and temporary quarters were taken 
 erection of the large new building on the corne-- 
 styled the "He-No Tea Building," and is a bricl- 
 fomided this company, and in 1832 took into 
 The latter's sons, Owen A., Jr., M. Gillet, ' 
 members as they became of age. In K 
 Martin Gillet, was made a member. T' 
 now a corporation, with the great-g- 
 Jacobsen, president; M. Gillet Gill, 
 secretary. 
 
JOSEI'H FRIPJDEXWALn 
 
 159 
 
SCHOEN & COMPANY 
 
 MILLINERY, GOWNS, SUITS, FURS AND NOVELTIES 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Schoen & Company was establislied in 1884 at 114 North Eutaw Street, but for 
 many years past lias been located at 14 West Lexin<iton Street, where is maintained 
 one of the leading and most representative houses of its kind in the city of Baltimore. 
 Schoen & Company handle the most exclusive and representative lines of millinery, 
 gowns, suits and novelties to be found in the East; is constantly in touch with all 
 the European centers of fashion, and im]iorts directly all of its own novelties. Tlie 
 general facilities of the house are unsurpassed. 
 
 SHRIVER, BARTLETT & CO. 
 
 LAW AND MERCANTILE ADJUSTMENTS 
 
 ROOMS 500, 501, 502 CARROLL BUILDING. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Shriver, Bartlett & Co. were established in 1882, and the present members of the 
 firm are Bennet B. Norris and Walter W. Pollard. The offices of Shriver, Bartlett & 
 Co. were formerly in the National Bank of Baltimore Building, but at present occupy 
 Suite 500, 501, 502 Carroll Building, at the southeast corner of Baltimore and Light 
 Streets. Shriver, Bartlett & Co. are fully equipped to handle legal and collection mat- 
 ters in any part of the civilized world. Their business is exclusively devoted to law 
 and mercantile adjustments, in which line of practice they enjoy a national reputa- 
 tion. The references of this house include such representative business concerns as: 
 
 Baltimore. — Henry Sonneborn & Co., Armstrong, Cator & Co., John E. Hurst & Co., 
 National Bank of Baltimore, Heywood Bros. & Wakefield Co., Commercial & Farmers' 
 National Bank, Safe Deposit & Trust Co., Ryland & Brooks Lumber Co., Baugh & Sons 
 Co. New York City.— Robert R. Sizer & Co. Boston, Mass.— B. F. Brown & Co. De- 
 troit, Mich. — Williams Brothers Company. Syracuse, N. Y. — United Breeders' Company. 
 Reading, Pa. — Fragle Cordage Company, Reading Stove Works. Scranton, Pa. — Scran- 
 ton Stove Works. Washington, D. C. — W. B. Moses & Sons. Lancaster, Pa. — Armstrong 
 Cork Co. 
 
 lOU 
 
DANIEL BENDANN 
 
 Sketch of Daniel Bendann, the founder of the photographic firm of Bendann Bros., the 
 first important Jewish firm in that profession, and one of the leading ones in the United 
 States. 
 
 At age of sixteen, in 1851, entered the Whitehurst studio in Richmond; in 1854 came to 
 the Baltimore studio of same firm ; in 1856 returned to Richmond and went into business for 
 himself. He moved to Baltimore in 1858 and, finding his business growing, took in his 
 younger brother, David, and in 1861 and 1862 was already the leading studio south of Phila- 
 delphia, and became one of the largest in the country. They employed some of the best artists 
 in oil and pastel portraitvire in the country, introducing such men as Dabour, Louveriex, 
 Thos. Hovenden, Chas. Y. Turner and others who afterwards became famous. Daniel Bendann 
 introduced many improvements in photography, the best-known one being the printing in of 
 artificial backgrounds (which he patented), known as "Bendann's Backgrounds." The brothers 
 separated about twenty years ago, the younger one going into the business of selling art works 
 and frames. Daniel Bendann retired from active business about nine years ago. 
 
 HENRY BURGUNDER (DECEASED, igio) 
 
 Son of Benjamin and Caroline Burgunder, was born in Baltimore City on February 12, 
 1854, receiving his education in private schools. Mr. Burgunder was a wholesale clothing 
 manufacturer until recently, when he retired from active bvisiness, originally being a member 
 of the firm of Ambach, Burgunder & Co. and latterly of the firm of Burgunder Bros. & Co. 
 Mr. Burgunder, from 1903 to 1906, was vice-president and trustee of the Baltimore Hebrew 
 Congregation. On March 23, 1881, he married Miss Rose Bernei and has had four children, 
 Florence B. Oppenheim, wife of Isaac A. Oppenheim, of the firm of Oppenheim, Oberndorf & 
 Co., of Baltimore ; Carrie B. Westheimer, wife of Henry F. Westheimer, vice-president of the 
 Cahn Belt Co., of Baltimore; B. Bernie and Herbert, all living. 
 
 JACOB RAB 
 
 Son of Emanuel and Rosa Rab, was born in Baltimore City on September 15, 1852. His 
 early education was received in private schools, later attending Morgan's Institute and Eaton 
 & Burnett's Business College and graduating in 1893 from the Baltimore Law School. Judge 
 Rab has taken an active interest in local politics, being an ardent Democrat and at present 
 one of the magistrates of Baltimore City. For the last ten years he has been vice-president 
 of the Hebrew Friendly Inn and Home for the Aged, and is a director of the Hebrew Children's 
 Sheltering and Protective Society and director and counsellor of the Hebrew Free Loan Asso- 
 ciation and director and a trustee of the LTnited Hebrew Charities. Judge Rab attributes 
 his success in life "To attending strictly to business and devoting his spare time in the interest 
 of the various charities." 
 
 JOSEPH FRIEDENWALD 
 
 Son of Jonas and Merle Friendenwald was born at Altendufik, Germany, on July 24, 
 1827. When about tw'enty-four years of age Mr. Friedenwald became connected with the 
 firm of Wiesenfeld & Co., wholesale clothiers, and for the last twenty-five years has been 
 president of the Crown Cork & Seal Co. Mr. Friedenwald filled the position of president of 
 the Board of Trustees of Bay View Asylum for twenty-five years and was the first president 
 of the Hebrew Orplian Asylum. He attends the Chizuk Emunah Temple and is a member of 
 the Masonic fraternity and Order of Red Men. On February 14, 1852, Mr. Friedenwald 
 married Miss Rosina Rosewald and has had fourteen children, twelve of whom are living. 
 
 IGl 
 
THE WESTERN NATIONAL BANK 
 
 OF BALTIMORE 
 
 14 N. EUTAW STREET 
 
 Capital $500,000 
 
 Surplus and Uxdivided Profits . . $550,000 
 
 The Western National Bank was originally 
 organized in 1835, and has been operating as a 
 National Bank since lS(i5. 
 
 Situated midway between the wholesale and 
 retail districts, this bank is primarily a com- 
 mercial bank. 
 
 Since its organization the bank has endeavored 
 to render the greatest possible assistance to the 
 mercantile interests of Baltimore, and it has 
 always been a potent factor in the growth and 
 development of the city's commerce. 
 
 OFFICERS 
 
 Chas. E. Riemax. Presiilout. 
 W. B. Brooks, Vice-President. 
 
 Wm. Marriott, Casliier. 
 
 Jno. L. Swope, Assistant Cashier. 
 
 DIRECTORS 
 
 John Black. 
 
 Treasurer. Crown Cork and Seal Co. 
 James Preston, 
 
 of John A. Horner & Co., Wholesale Notions. 
 W. Burns Trundle, 
 
 Attorney-at-Law. 
 Walter B. Brooks, 
 
 President Canton Co. 
 E. Austin Jenkins, 
 
 Retired Merchant. 
 Thomas Todd. 
 
 Treasurer of R. M. 
 Dry Goods. 
 
 Sutton Co., Wholesale 
 
 Chas. E. Rieman, 
 
 President. 
 Robert Garrett, 
 
 of Robert Garrett & Sons, Bankers. 
 Franklin P. Cator, 
 
 of Armstrong, Cator & Co., Wholesale Millinery. 
 Albert Fahnbstock, 
 
 of D. Fahnestock & Co., Bankers. 
 Wm. K. Bartlbtt, 
 
 of Dixon, Bartlett Co., Wholesale Boots and 
 Shoes. 
 E. Bartlett Hayward, 
 
 of Bartlett, Hayward Co. 
 
 H, F RADECKE & SONS 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF WOODEN SHIPPING CASES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION 
 117, 119, 121 WEST CROSS STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm was established in 1884 by Herman F. Radecke and Henry D. Louis. In 
 1907 Mr. Herman L. Radecke bought out Henry D. Louis' interest and formed the com- 
 pany of H. F. Radecke & Sons. Herman F. Radecke was born in Hanover, Germany, in 
 1841 and came to this country in 1853, and in 1884 started the magnificent business in 
 which he is still directly interested with his sons, Charles J. and Herman J. Radecke. 
 The original location of this business Avas Garrett Street, back of the Baltimore Bar- 
 gain House. The present location is 117, 119 and 121 West Cross Street, where is 
 conducted a plant with facilities for turning out $100,000 worth of finished product 
 per year. The jjolicy of this house is to maintain a high standard of workmanship and 
 to give satisfaction to its extensive patronage — which has been growing every day since 
 the firm began business. 
 
 162 
 
liKXRy SOXNEBOKN 
 
 163 
 
GEORGE E. FREY 
 
 Caterer at Weldings, Banquets and Luncheons 
 
 1018 LINDEN AVENUE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Formerly at 318 W. Preston Street 
 
 Mr. George E. Frey tirst engaged in tlie catering business during the summer 
 season of 1904 at t^ueenstown, Md. — at Boiling's Hotel. A year later he assumed charge 
 of the Love Point Hotel at Love Point, Md. From 1906 to tlie present Mr. Frey has 
 been the caterer of the Baltimore Yacht Club and Green Spring Valley Hunt Club. 
 During the years 1908-1909 the culinary department of the cafe in the Marlborough 
 Apartments, Eutaw Place, was presided over by Mr. Frey, and for several years the 
 Governor's Grill Room — owned by ex-Governor Frank BroMii — at Charles and Read 
 Streets was in Mr. Frey's charge. 
 
 Mr. Frey needs no introduction to the social and commercial aristocracy of Balti- 
 more — in fact, tliroughout tlie eastern part of the L'nited States — for at the two weeks' 
 meet of the National Beagle Club of America, composed of the flower of representative 
 men from all jiarts of the United States, which met for a beagle luint in tlie Green 
 Spring Valley during 19f)0 and 1907, Mr. Frey came in contact with this body by reason 
 of catering to tlieir epicurean needs during their stay at tlie Avalon Inn. Especially 
 noteworthy is the fact that ^Ir. Wm. D. Rockefeller, a nephew of the oil magnate, was 
 one of the visiting members of the Beagle Club. 
 
 Among the well-known men to whom !Mr. Frey has rendered service as a caterer 
 mav be mentioned : 
 
 Mk. Jacob Epstein. 
 Mr. Isaac Strouse. 
 Rkv. Dr. Wm. Rosenau. 
 Mr. Seymour Mandelbair. 
 The Katz Family. 
 The Lauer Family. 
 The Frank Family. 
 Rt. Rev. Bishop Murray, 
 
 of the Episcopal Diocose in Maiyhuiil. 
 
 His Grace Bishop CoRRiciAN, 
 
 of the Roman Catholic Archdioceselof Bultiinoi e. 
 
 WM. Kkvsek. 
 ]Miciiael .Ienkins. 
 
 Joseph Jenkins. 
 
 W. B. Hurst. 
 
 Summerkield Baldwin. 
 
 J NO. H. Pleasants. 
 
 Robert Ramsay. 
 
 John B. Ra>lsay. 
 
 Frank Bolton. 
 
 Ex-Governor Frank Brown. 
 
 Ernest (;itti.\<;s. 
 
 Ernest J. Knabe. 
 
 H. Carroll Brown. 
 
 Wm. K. Stone. 
 
 Di'Di.KY T. HiCGS. and others. 
 
 if.-l 
 
HENRY SONNEBORN 
 
 Henry Sonneborn was born eighty-four years ago in Breidenbach, a little hamlet in the 
 German province of Hessen Nassau. State records sliow that his ancestors had lived in thi3 
 world-spot since the year 1650. 
 
 Henry was one of the older children of a very large family and from the age of fifteen 
 he contributed to its support. At that age he and his brother were engaged in the fur 
 business, puicliasing skins of all varieties from farmers and hunters and selling them in turn 
 in the neighboring towns. He also dealt in cattle. 
 
 At the age of twenty-three, in the year 1849, young Henry, accompanied by his brother 
 Jonas, left his home and started out for the new world. Tliat his financial condition was 
 by no means enviable is shown by the fact that on landing in Philadelphia he and his brother 
 together had only sufficient money for one single railroad fare to Baltimore, which was their 
 destination. Henry sent his brother ahead and waited in Philadelphia until his brother had 
 borrowed the required amount from relatives in Baltimore to enable him to get to that city. 
 
 Arrived in that city, he was recommended to a wholesale firm, from which he purchased 
 a small stock of novelties on credit. He started out for the German settlement, namely, 
 York and Adams counties, where the Pennsylvania German spoken by his prospective 
 customers put him in a more intelligible relation than would have been the case in an English- 
 spoken community. After two weeks' trip he returned to Baltimore, paid for his forty-two 
 dollar stock and purchased a new supply. 
 
 His first year was a very successful one. During this time he realized a profit of $1,200, 
 which capital, after sending a part of it to his parents, he invested in a personal business 
 enterprise in the character of a small men's furnishing business in Fairmount, W. Va. 
 
 Success seemed to crown all his eflorts, for in two years' time he had started branch 
 establishments in Clarksburg, W. Va., Janesville, Wis., and Cleveland, Ohio. Taking his 
 younger brothers in the business, he placed each of them in charge of one of his branch stores. 
 
 Meanwhile he had sent for his sweetheart, Berthe Harsh, who in his native land had 
 been anxiously awaiting her betrothed's success across the sea. Their marriage was blessed 
 with many children, two of whom, Mrs. Hennie Hutzler and Mrs. Seymour Mandelbaum, 
 survive. 
 
 In 1853 Mr. Sonneborn moved with his family to Baltimore and made his store in that 
 city the headquarters for his chain of establishments. It was there that he begun the manu- 
 facture of clothing, which enabled him to sell his own product instead of purchasing from 
 others. Tliis marked the beginning of the present firm of Henry Sonneborn & Co. 
 
 Henry Sonneborn's good fortune was not due to mere coincidence of happy accidents. 
 Many other men began under similar circumstances, but very few indeed possessed that 
 peculiar combination of qualities which made his success certain. His chief characteristics 
 were honesty, intelligence, courage and pertinacity. The following is an illustration of liis 
 methods in business: In 1854 there was in his several stores a large quantity of unsaleable 
 merchandise, and although having a wife and two children, Sonneborn determined to leave 
 them and travel through the Middle West with the intention of selling all his surplus stock. 
 After a six month's trip through Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa. Missouri and Minneapolis 
 he returned to his family with all his surplus stock sold at a satisfactory profit. 
 
 In 1855 he sold his branch stores to his brothers and started in his Baltimore establish- 
 ment to manufacture for the wholesale trade exclusively. His customers were a few country 
 merchants, but since that time his business has so increased from year to year that to-day 
 he counts his customers in every State in the Union, and his factory ranks as the largest 
 clothing plant in the world, having a daily output of three thousand suits. In later years he 
 married a second time, again taking a wife from his birtliplace. ]\liss Auguste Sonneborn, and 
 a son, Henry Sonneborn. Jr.. was born to bring joy to his old age. 
 
 Notwithstanding his eighty-four years. Mr. Sonneborn is tall and erect in stature and 
 vigorous in all his faculties and may be seen daily at his office, where he still takes a never- 
 decreasing interest in the activities of the business of which he was the founder and to which 
 he is still the father. 
 
 165 
 
DR. THOS. WM. SPRANKLIN 
 
 Veterinary Surgeon 
 
 Maryland Veterinary Hospital 
 
 1311-1321 HARFORD AVE., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Dr. Spranklin began tlie practice of Ins profession in Ualtimorc in lSH-1, in wiiich 
 A ear he graduated from the American Veterinary College of Now York. The original 
 location of the hospital was 810 North Caroline St.; later he moved to G North High 
 St., but the demand for more room forced him to move to his present commodious 
 quarters occupying 1311-1321 Harford ave., where is conducted one of the finest veter- 
 inary hospitals in the country', being equipped with every appliance and facilitj' for 
 the scientitic cure of animals. Dr. Spranklin was the first veterinarian to operate his 
 own lios])ital, in 1888 building the Maryland Veterinary Hospital of Baltimore, which. 
 
 SURGICAL WARD IN MARYLAND VETERINARY HOSPITAL 1311-21 HARFORD AVE. 
 
 as we have said before, is one of the largest and most complete institutions of its 
 kind in the United States, with s])fccial departments for the care of equines. tclincs 
 and canines. Dr. Spranklin maintains a stock farm and sanitarium of over 500 ;u res 
 in Anne Arundel County, Marylaiul, immediately on the Chesapeake Bay and near 
 the Severn llivei-. Q'he patronage which Dr. Spranklin enjoys comes from the most 
 prominent class of users and lovers of fine animals. 'J"Ih' establishment is equipped 
 with an uj)-t()-date bacteriological department, where all contagious and infectious 
 diseases are diagnosed by microsco])ic exauiinalion. 
 
 100 
 
ISAAC STROUSE 
 
 167 
 
BURT MACHINE COMPANY Baltimore, md. 
 
 FOUNDED 1897 
 
 The Burt Labeling Machine 
 
 liMS .'Ml iiiteriuitional rc'initntioii. l)i>ing used from 
 .Miiiiie to (.'iiliforiiia. an<l in J<^ii;;laiiil. N'orwa.v. France. 
 Gernian.v. Switzeilaml. South Africa. Argentine Re- 
 public. Australia. .\<'\v Zeal.iml and Xcw Soutli Wales. 
 It lias heeii built for lalieliiij; all kinils of cylin- 
 drical packages, wood. tin. iiaper or glass, of tlie 
 hermeticall.v sealed, friction-lid aurl screw-top st.vle ; 
 also slip-cover cans without beads. 
 
 A ma.iorit.v of the prominent fruit, vegetable and 
 condensed-milk canners use the Hurt machine, as do many packers of meat, soup, oysters, fish, cocoa, 
 syrup, baking-powder, cotton oil. tobacco, lye, paint, cleaning comi)ound, incandescent mantles, etc. 
 
 The BuKT \VR.\rpiN(i .\mi I,.vri^t'KiuNG Machines are also important products of this corporation. 
 the former machine lieing used where wrapper labels are employed to completcdy I'over the packagi> — the 
 wrapper label is applied around the package and the ends folded in one o|H>ration. The lacquering 
 machine is used where a coating of lacquer or varnish must be put on the can — it does this work 
 automatically and much neater and faster than can be done by haixl. 
 
 Among the prominent users of HfiiT Machines are the well-known wholesale grocery houses of 
 Messrs. Steele-Wedeles Co.. Chicago, and Messrs. Seeman Bros., New York City; The Standard Varnish 
 Works, New York, and The California Fruit Canners" Association, San Francisco. 
 
 UiS 
 
LEOPOLD BLUMENBERG (DECEASED). 
 
 Leopold Bliimeiiberg was born in Brandfnherg, Prussia, September 2S, 1827, the twenty- 
 first of a family of twenty-two children, and was educated in the gymnasium of Frankfort-on- 
 the-Odcr. He enlisted in the army at the age of twenty-one, and for his distinguished services 
 in the Prussian-Danish War was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. Resenting the 
 anti-Semitism, which deprived him of the medal to which he was entitled, he emigrated to 
 America in 1854, settling in Baltimore. 
 
 At the outbreak of the Civil War he abandoned a profitable business and devoted his 
 energies to securing enlistments and organizing the Fifth Maryland Regiment. This work for 
 the Union cause excited the animosity of local secessionists, who attem])ted to hang him and 
 made it necessary for three nights to barricade and guard his house. Because of his military 
 experience in Europe and his success in securing troops he was made a major of the Fifth Regi- 
 ment, which soon joined McClellan's forces. Blimienberg was acting colonel of his regiment 
 near Hampton Roads during the Peninsular campaign, and later received a colonel's com- 
 mission. At the Battle of Antietam, while leading his regiment in a charge on rifle-pits, he 
 received a severe wound in the thigh, which confined him to his bed for several months. 
 When he had partly recovered he was appointed by President Lincoln provost-marshal of 
 the third Maryland district; during the two years in which he held this office he made himself 
 very unpopular by a strict enforcement of the laws. President Johnson gave him a position 
 in the revenue department and commissioned him brigadier-general, United States Volun- 
 teers by brevet. 
 
 Major Blumenberg was very popular among the Germans and the Jews of Baltimore. He 
 was a member of the Har Sinai Congregation and of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. He was 
 for many years president of the Baltimore Schutzen, contributing much to its prosperity, and 
 was in numerous contests the "King,'" or best shot. A few months before his death he was 
 honored with the office of president of the National Schiitzen-Verein of America. He never 
 recovered completely from the wound he had received at Antietam, and he died from its effects 
 on August 12. 1870. 
 
 Material chiefly from article by Mr. Albert M. Friedenberg in Jeirish Encyclopedia. 
 
 ISAAC STROUSE 
 
 Son of Moses and Sophie (Calm) Strouse, was born in Grombach, Baden, Germany, on 
 November 1, 1835. His father was a man of powerful energy — but his mother's influence was 
 strongest in molding his intellectual and moral character. Mr. Strouse's early education 
 was limited to the public schools in the small town in which he was born, but he soon learned 
 the value of education by combining study with work and adopted economy and ambition as 
 principles for future guidance. In 1850 he arrived in America, and after clerking for a period 
 he went West, opening a store in Peru. 111. After years of incessant hard work he moved to 
 Baltimore and founded the great clothing manufacturing business of Strouse & Brothers. Mr. 
 Strouse is a Mason, Odd Fellow and a member of the Phoenix and Suburban Clubs. He is a 
 member of Oheb Shalom Congregation, of which temple he has been president for thirty years, 
 and director of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum for thirty-three years. Strict attention to the 
 details of business and upright dealings mark the secret of Mr. Strouse's successful life. 
 
 REV. JACOB SCHUMAN 
 
 Son of Abraham and Rubi Schuman, was born in Mittau, Kurland. on February 1.3, 1870, 
 was educated in public schools, and from 1896 to 1897 was cantor to the Congregation Beth 
 Jacob and from 1897 to 1908 to the Congregation Bnai Sholaum, and was elected cantor of 
 Eutaw Place Temple in 1908. Rev. Schuman married Miss Ella Levitas January 22, 1893, 
 and has had four children; one died recently. 
 
 169 
 
L. FRIEDMAN 
 
 LADIES' TAILOR 
 
 1602 WEST FAYETTE STREET, CORNER GILMORE STREET, 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Lewis Frieuir.an, wlio ranks among Baltimore's foremost ladies' tailor, estab- 
 lislied his present business in 1907 at 1(J02 West Fayette Street. As designer and 
 maker of ladies' tailor-made suits ]Mr. Friedman lias won a leading position in Haiti- 
 more. The modeling and the workmanship of the garments which come from his 
 establishment have won for him a magnificent patronage, so that at this time he is 
 making fifty suits per week and upwards. Mr. Friedman's telephone connection is 
 C. & P. Gilmore 736 ]\r. 
 
 JOHN C. SCHERER, JR., COMPANY 
 
 The old firm of John C. Scherer, Jr., Company was 
 founded in 1837 by Christopher Scherer, who Avas 
 later succeeded by his son, John C. Scherer, Jr. In 
 the beginning Christopher Scherer conducted a furni- 
 ture store, and afterwards his son established the 
 factory. Mr. John C. Scherer, Jr., died in 1907, and 
 the business is continued under the same firm name 
 by ^Ir. Harry R. Ruse and ]\Ir. C. M. Thompson. The 
 original location of the business was 15 Harrison 
 Street, and now occupy 7 to 15 Harrison Street as 
 factory, with salesrooms at 9 and 11 North Gay 
 Street. Tlie special line of business conducted by 
 John C. Scherer, Jr., is the manufacturing of all kinds 
 of fixtures, cabinet-making and interior wood, with 
 special facilities for installing bank, store and drug 
 fixtures. The firm also carries a fine line of ollice 
 furniture, manufactured by the Doten-Dunton Desk 
 Co. This house fitted out the Dorchester National 
 Bank, People's National 15ank and the Potcmiac Savii 
 firm is capable of handling work to any extent and of 
 
 gs Bank, which show that the 
 Jiv character. 
 
 170 
 
M. S. Levy 
 
 171 
 
SIEGEL, ROTHSCHILD & COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Umbrellas, Parasols 
 and Walking Sticks 
 
 N.E. CORNER BALTIMORE & HOWARD STS. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Siegel, Rothschild & Co. was established in 1809 by D. Siegel, Daniel 
 A. Weinberg and B. Rothschild, prior to which time the members had been engaged 
 in retail lines. The original location of tlie busin('s>s was 418 and 420 \\'. Baltimore St.. 
 and tliey now occnpy commodious ciiiarters known as 222. 224 and 22<t W. Baltimore 
 St., where is maintained a manufacturing plant tliat, in point of equipment and facil- 
 ities, lias few equals, having a capacity of 50()v) pieces daily. The firm is engaged 
 exclusively in the manufacture of high-grade umbrellas, j)ara.sols and walking sticks, 
 and the territory in whicli their goods is sold is national and international, tlie facilities 
 of the house being virtually unlimited. The i)olicy of the house is to make a (icpciitlalilc 
 class of goods, and to sell to the Best Trade only. 
 
 With Branches in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco 
 
SIMON M. HANLINE 
 
 Son of Maurice and Bertha (NauniV)urg) Ilanline, was born in Baltimore on March 16, 
 1858, receiving liis education in the public schools of Baltimore and the Baltimore City 
 College. He followed his father's business of manufacturing paint, to which business he and 
 his brother now succeed, trading under the name of Hanline Bros. Mr. Hanline attends the 
 Madison Avenue Temple and is a member of the Phoenix and Suburban Clubs, of the Elka 
 and Amicable Lodge, A. F. & A. M., St. John's Chapter. Mr. Hanline married Miss Rosetta 
 Baernstein and has two children, Leon S. Hanline and Mrs. Fred S. Stern. 
 
 HERMAN GOLDSTROM 
 
 Son of Abraham and Rachel Goldstrom, was born in Baltimore City December 12, 1861, 
 receiving his education in the public schools and beginning his business career as a clerk for 
 Noah & Froehlich, and in 1887 formed the firm of H. Goldstrom & Co., later taking into part- 
 nership his brother, Lewis A. Goldstrom, and changing the firm name to Goldstrom Bros. Mr. 
 Goldstrom attends the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation and is a member of the Royal 
 Arcanum, I. 0. H. and B. P. O. E. Mr. Goldstrom married Miss Emma Peyser January 13, 
 1889, and has had two children, Theodore and Marion, both living. 
 
 EMANUEL HECHT 
 
 Son of Samuel (Jr.) and Babbitt Hecht, was born in Baltimore City October 24, 1856. 
 He began work at the age of thirteen years in a shop on Broadway, and for this reason his 
 early educational opportunities were very restricted. Mr. Hecht is now interested in various 
 large businesses, of both wholesale and retail character, and he attributes his success to 
 paying close attention to the seemingly unimportant details of business, combined with hard 
 work, concentration of mind and singleness of purpose. Mr. Hecht married Miss INIamie 
 Svcle in 1885 and has eleven children, all living. 
 
 JACOB M. MOSES. 
 
 Son of Moses and Rosa (Levi) Moses, was born in Baltimore City on February 17, 1873. 
 He was educated in the public schools of Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University and the 
 University of Maryland. Began the practice of law in 1895, and was elected a member of the 
 State Senate of Maryland in 1899 to serve four years, and is at present Judge of the Juvenile 
 Court of Baltimore City. Judge Moses is a member of the Phi Betta Kappa Society and has 
 published a work on "Law Applicable to Strikes." He married Miss Hortense E. Guggen- 
 heimer on January 7, 1903, and has one child living — Richard G. Moses. Judge Moses is a 
 member of the Madison Avenue Temple. 
 
 JUDGE MYER J. BLOCK. 
 
 Son of Simon J. and Barbara Block, was born in Baltimore, Md., August 26, 1844. Mr. 
 Block was educated in public and private schools of Baltimore, and began active life as 
 errand boy at the age of thirteen years, and is at present chief judge of Orphans Court of 
 Baltimore City. From 1870-75 was supervisor in Harbor Board of Baltimore City. From 
 1875-78 he was clerk to Board of Assessors, and from 1878-98 he was deputy register of 
 wills, and since 1899 has been judge of the Orphans Court of Baltimore City. He is a member 
 of the Royal Arcanum, the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, the Hephtasophs, the National 
 Union, the Loyal Additional, the Monday Club, the Elks, Monumental Democratic Club, 
 Clover Club, Society of the Army and Navy of the Confederate States in Maryland, and is 
 associated with the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. 
 
 17.3 
 
FLORENCE W. 
 
 MacCARTHY 
 
 COMPANY 
 
 "A New Kind of a House'' 
 
 29 HOPKINS PLACE 
 BALTIMORE 
 
 The Florence \V. MacCartliy 
 Company was established June 
 1, 1903, and was originally lo- 
 cated at 111 West Baltimore 
 Street until the great fire of 
 1904, when its building was en- 
 tirely destroyed. Within five 
 days, however, tlie company had 
 secured, equipped and thor- 
 oughly stocked a new business 
 home "at 24 South Paca Street, 
 being the first house in Balti- 
 more to be in a position to do 
 business after the fire. 
 
 Owing to the increasing de- 
 mand for space the company 
 later moved to 24 Hanover 
 Street, where they remained un- 
 til forced again to seek larger 
 quarters in their recently occu- 
 pied six-story warehouse at 29 
 Hopkins Place, where is utilized 
 36,000 square feet of floor space, 
 most perfectly lighted and in 
 every way one of the finest ap- 
 ]>ointed business establishments 
 in Baltimore City. 
 
 The Florence W. MacCarthy 
 Company are importers and dis- 
 trilnitors of laces, embroideries, 
 ladies' neckwear and fancy no- 
 tions, and do an extensive busi- 
 ness throughout the South and 
 extending west into Colorado 
 and California, which territory 
 is covered by twenty-two sales- 
 men. The company maintains 
 foreign offices at St. Gall, Calais 
 and Nottingham, and have 
 branch offices in this country in 
 Los Angeles, Denver, St. Louis, 
 Pittsburg and Atlanta. 
 
 "A New Kind of a House " 
 
 174 
 
FABIAN FRANKLIN 
 
 175 
 
JOHN J. BUFFINGTON & COMPANY 
 
 Wholesale Dealers and 
 Importers of 
 
 Grass and 
 
 Field Seeds and 
 
 Seed Grains 
 
 5-7 W. LOMBARD ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Surrounded by a large and 
 fertile agricultural territory, 
 Italtimore is naturally an im- 
 jiortant depot for the dis- 
 tribution of seeds. John J. 
 liuttington & Company was 
 established June 1, 1902, by 
 .Idlin J. Burtington and Wal- 
 ter Wellslager, succeeding the 
 old house of Samuel Town- 
 send & Son, which was estab- 
 lished in 18G5. 
 
 ^Ir. Wellslager died in Sep- 
 tember, 1902. and in 1904 
 Howard 0. Buflington became 
 a member of tiie firm. John 
 J. Buflington, prior to engag- 
 ing in business on his own 
 account, was coiniected with 
 his predecessors for nearly 
 ten yea)s as salesman and as- 
 sistant manager. Howard (X 
 BiiHington, prior to 1004, was 
 in the dressing and shipping- 
 business of fancy poultry and 
 game, trading under the firm 
 name of Howard O. Bufling- 
 ton & Company. 
 
 The original location of 
 .lohn J. Buthngton & Co. was 
 at 104 S. Charles Street. Ow- 
 ing to tlie business having in- 
 creased very largely from tlie 
 l)eginning, and constantly in- 
 creasing from year to j'ear it 
 became necessary to secure 
 laiger qmirters and in 190S 
 lliey secured th(> large double 
 waielunises. 5 and 7 W. Lom- 
 bard Street, wliicli tlicy imw 
 ()c(Mi])y. 
 
 Tlie facilities of this house 
 are most moilern and com- 
 jilete in every <lefail for re- 
 cieaning and handling all 
 kinds of seed and seed yraiii. 
 
 1 7(\ 
 
MRS. ROSIE WIESENFELD ROSENFELD 
 
 Daughter of Moses and Betsy Friedenwald Wiesenfeld, was born in Baltimore City on 
 December 29, 1857. Her father was a wliolesale merchant, a man of great prominence and 
 at one time president of the Hebrew Benevolent Society. Mrs. Eosenfeld was educated at 
 the Notre Dame of Baltimore and has b'^en secretary of the Hebrew Ladies' Sewing Society, 
 director of Women's Hospital, chairman on Committee on Religion of Jewish Council of 
 Women, founder of .Jewisli Newsboys' Association and founder, president and director of the 
 Ladies' Auxiliary Association of Chizuk Emunah Congregation and director of the Chizuk 
 Emunah Congregation. Mrs. Eosenfeld is a woman of great mental activity and humanita- 
 rianism, devoting her time largely to causes which have as their end the betterment of the 
 condition of her fellow creatures, and her favorite recreation is found in music. On January 
 24, 1877, she became the wife of Col. Goody Rosenfeld, and they have one son, Moses W. Rosen- 
 feld. Mrs. Rosenfeld by marriage and by blood is connected with three of the oldest and most 
 prominently known Jewish families in Baltimore, the Wiesenfeld, Friedenwald and Rosenfeld 
 families. 
 
 SAMUEL ROSENTHAL 
 
 Son of Sigmund and Bettie Rosenthal, was born in Baltimore City .January 6, 1855, 
 receiving his education in the public schools, Knapp's Institute and Sadler's Bryant & 
 Stratton Business College. At the age of fourteen he worked for his uncle in the dry goods 
 business as cashier. Mr. Rosenthal has been connected with the clothing manufacturing house 
 of Strouse & Bros, for forty years, during twenty-five years of which time he has been a part- 
 ner. For the past ten years he has also been a firm member of the Washington house of 
 Parker, Bridget & Co. Mr. Rosenthal was president of the Clothiers' Board of Trade, presi- 
 dent Credit Men's Association, State Board of Charities, and is a director of the Drovers' and 
 Mechanics' National Bank of Baltimore. The Phoenix and Suburban Clubs were both organ- 
 ized by Samuel Rosenthal, of the former he was president for ten years and of the latter he 
 is the first and only president that club has had. He attends the Oheb Shalom Temple and 
 contributed the Samuel and Emma Rosenthal Memorial Cottages to the Epstein Hospital for 
 Consumptives. Mr. Rosenthal has been a consistent contributor to law, credit and business 
 magazines of national scope and has accumulated a valuable library of scientific, philosophical 
 and poetical works, of which subjects he is an ardent reader. 
 
 "To love your work so well as to understand its every detail and thereby become master 
 of all its problems" is the sapient and salient suggestion which Mr. Rosenthal gives as the 
 secret of human success. Samuel Rosenthal married Emma May on May 2, 1876, and has had 
 three children, two of whom are living. 
 
 ELIAS NATHAN RABINOWITZ 
 
 Son of Isaiah and Fanny (Schapero) Rabinowitz, was born in Russia March 21, 1882. 
 The early influence of home surroundings made a student of young Elias. He attended the 
 Central High School of Philadelphia from 1895 to 1899, Haveford College from 1899 to 1903 
 and Jewish Theological Seminary from 1904 to 1908, receiving the degrees of A.B. and rabbi. 
 He began active work as principal of Talmud Torah in 1909, having been also connected with 
 the Jewish Protectory in 1908 and an instructor in the Jewish Theological Seminary during 
 the winter of 1908-1909. 
 
 REV. HENRY HOCHHEIMER 
 
 Son of Rabbi Isaac Hochheimer. was Iwrn on October 3, 1818. at Ansbach, Middle Fran 
 conia. He was educated under his grandfather. Rabbi Guggenheimer, and Rabbi Hirsch, of 
 Munich, receiving his Ph.D. at L^niversity of Munich. Rev. Hochheimer was, from 1844 to 
 1849, assistant rabbi to his father in Schenhausen; from 1859 to 1892 was rabbi of Oheb 
 Israel, Baltimore, and made rabbi emeritus in 1892. Rev. Hochheimer has contributed 
 extensively to the Je^\■ish press, especially in Germany. He married Miss Rosalia Hocheimer 
 and has had four children, two of whom are living. 
 
 177 
 
EPHRAIM MACHT 
 
 Real Estate and Banking 
 
 MACHT BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Ephraim Maeht established this business about eighteen years ago, and his 
 career has been marked by constant success, due to the strict elliciency and integrity of 
 his methods. His offices originally were at 310-16 Equitable Building, and temporarily 
 at '.i and 4 Tlncii P.uilding, after wliich time he returned to the Equitable Building, 
 and occujiied suite 'A]0 to lUS until tlie completion of his own building on Fayette 
 Street between Charles and St. Paul Streets, and now known as the "Macht Building." 
 
 ^Ir. Macht is engaged in the Real Estate and Banking Business, and has facilities 
 for handling real estate in every branch, and stands one of the foremost dealers in 
 this line in tlie city. He also conducts a very extensive banking business. Mr. Macht 
 ranks to-day as one of Baltimore's leading Ijusines-; factors. 
 
 ITS 
 
179 
 
UNITED SHIRT 
 & COLLAR CO. 
 
 Lion Collars and Cuffs 
 
 The MacHurdle Full-Dress Shirt 
 
 and Night Robes 
 
 Baltimore Branch 
 
 111 GERMAN STREET 
 
 Among the great manufacturing 
 industries maintaining a branch in 
 Baltimore Citv mav be noted the 
 United Shirt & Collar Co.. of Troy, 
 N. Y. This company is one of the 
 largest establishments of its kind in 
 the world, and its products are sold 
 everywhere where excellence is a re- 
 quirement of demand. The Balti- 
 more branch looks after the entire 
 Southern trade and a portion of the 
 Western business. 
 
 The United Shirt & Collar Co. 
 was established in 1890 and repre- 
 sents the consolidated interests of 
 such prominent factories as J. K. 
 P. Pine, Biermeister & Spicer,' San- 
 ford & Robinson, S. A. House's Sons 
 and Marshall & Briggs. The gen- 
 eral offices and factories of this 
 business are located in Troy, N. Y., 
 and the companj' maintains branches 
 in New York, Chicago, Boston, 
 Philadelphia, San Francisco, Balti- 
 more, Pittsburg, St. Louis, New 
 Orleans, Minneapolis and Cleveland. 
 The United Shirt & Collar Co. are 
 makers of Lion collars and cuffs, the 
 Anchor Brand collars and cuffs, the 
 ^facHurdle full-dress shirt. Lion 
 nightrobes, the Simplex shirt and 
 Lion shirt. 
 
 Since 1890 the Baltimore office 
 and the Philadelphia office have 
 been under the management of Col. 
 Franklin P. Swazey. Under Colonel 
 Swa?,ey the business of the local ter- 
 ritory has shown a remarkable in- 
 crease, due largely to the colonel's 
 masterful executive ability and his 
 perfect popularity. The Baltimore 
 branch occupy a magnificent tive- 
 story and basement warehouse at 
 111 West German Street, where is 
 carried an eminent stock of all the 
 famous products of the company. 
 
 ISO 
 
JACOB EPSTEIN. 
 
 BUILDING HIS BALTIMORE BARGAIN HOUSE WITHOUT (^APITAL. 
 
 STARTED TWENTY-NINE YEARS AGO IN AN 18x30 STORE; NOW ONE HUNDRED 
 
 KEEP HIS ACCOUNTS. 
 
 One of the marvels in the commercial life of Baltimore about which there are 
 many inquiries made and but little has been published in the assembly of merchandising 
 operations is known as the Baltimore Bargain House. This institution has been successful 
 on a large scale because it rests on the single idea that Baltimore is the best jobbing market 
 in the country. There is active interest in what it is, how it originated and why it grows. 
 In the first place, it is neither a corporation nor a syndicate of merchants. The whole enter- 
 prise is the work of one man, who originated and developed it, and dominates its management. 
 He is Jacob Epstein. 
 
 10,000 CASES SHIPPED DAILY. 
 
 When it is stated tliat this concern has shipped a daily average of 10,000 cases of goods, 
 the value of the business in a single month has exceeded one million dollars and that it has 
 over 30,000 patrons, the magnitude of the operations appears. This business began in 
 1881 on Bane Street, near Hanover, in a store 18 x 30 feet. Twenty-nine years is not a long 
 period in developing a mercantile business ; it looks rather short when the results reached by 
 Mr. Epstein are examined. Supposing he had retained his original store width of eighteen 
 feet and as his business expanded just added to its depth, the Epstein establishment, with its 
 present store space, Avould stretch a distance of sixty-three to sixty-five miles, with a uniform 
 width of eighteen feet. The size of his present establishment in its conspicuous location is 
 well known to Baltimoreans. but the public has had no correct impression of the size of the 
 idea in its original shape. Did Mr. Epstein start with a definite scheme? Did he have good 
 backing? Is he a native of Baltimore, and if not, why did he select this city and what did 
 he find won success? are the queries that natural interest in such a big establishment have 
 aroused. 
 
 EPSTEIN FINDS JOY IN WORK. 
 
 Mr. Epstein has such a fixed habit of pushing his business and exploiting his features 
 that his oAvn personality has been kept in the background. He is a young man, although there 
 is a notion that he is up in years. He is about forty-five years of age, but looks five years 
 younger. He was seventeen years of age when he started in business. This is rather a shock 
 to the conventional idea that a long apprenticeship should precede such a move. Directing 
 such a business, the expectation is to find a man in which the nervous pressure is at a high 
 tension and charges the atmosphere around him. But Mr. Epstein does not fulfil this 
 expectation. There is no evidence in his manner that his business is a burden and that he 
 is a candidate for the menace of Americans doing big things — nervous prostration. He 
 impresses one with the idea that his business is a joy with him. Organization and system 
 he credits with making it so. A battery of push-buttons on his desk keeps his lieutenants 
 in touch with their chief, and each day there is a trial balance of the operations of the whole 
 establishment on his desk. It tells what each department has done or failed to do, and gives 
 a comparison with the corresponding date of the preceding year. INIoderate working hours 
 and every year a long vacation are permitted to Mr. Epstein by this system and soften the 
 eff'ects of the mental physical stress of running such an establishment. But short hours and 
 recreation were not possible in the creative stages of this enterprise. Then the dawn of day 
 and the midnight hours found this man hammering away at his self-devised plan of building 
 up a large distributing business. 
 
 NO CAPITAL: NO PULL. 
 
 Mr. Epstein admitted tliat he dreamed of a large establishment, but started small for 
 the reason that lie liad no capital but energy and enthusiasm. Neither did he have influential 
 
 181 
 
HOPKINS PLACE SAVINGS BANK 
 7 HOPKINS PLACE 
 
 'I'lic iiiaiiauciiicnt is in tlie 
 hands of successful business men. 
 Tlio present resources of the bank 
 aniiiunt to nearly eight million 
 dollars, tlio ]iroperty of over 
 twenty thousand depositors. The 
 officers are: 
 
 PvOBERT M. RoTiiKR, President. 
 
 Herman S. Platt, Vice-Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 A. Warfielo IMoxROE, Treasurer. 
 
 John W. Reixhardt, Assistant- 
 Trcastirer. 
 
 Oscar Wolff, .Attorney. 
 
 The bank is open on Saturdays 
 from 10 A. M. to 7 P. ^[. Other 
 days from 10 A. M. to 2 P. M. 
 
 MARCUS W. WOLF & CO. 
 
 IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE STATIONERS 
 204 AND 206 WEST GERMAN STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was established .Tune 1, 1875, 
 by Marcus W. Wolf at 7, 9 and 11 Sharp 
 Street, afterwards known as Hopkins Place, 
 which had formerly been three small two-story 
 dwelling-houses that had a broad front with 
 very little depth, and where he remained for 
 three years. After w'hich time he moved to a 
 four-story iron-front building moi-c than twice 
 the depth of the old building known as 13 
 Hopkins Place. 
 
 Here he remained for ten years, and in 1888 
 moved to the present location, which is a store 
 more than double the size of the former one. 
 
 He employs seven salesmen and covers a 
 territory embracing ^Maryland, Virginia, West 
 Virginia, North and South Carolina, (ieorgia. 
 Florida and parts of Ohio, Pennsylvania. Ken- 
 tucky and Tennessee. 
 
 Mr. Wolf was born and raised in Italliniore 
 and is the sole member of the lirm. 
 
 All goods guaranteed as represented. 
 
 No cliarije for cases and draNajje. 
 
 1S2 
 
AllCIIAEL AAIIJACII 
 
 is:} 
 
FOSTER BROTHERS 
 MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Spring Beds, Metallic Bedsteads, Couch 
 Beds and Cots 
 
 320-326 NORTH HOLLIDAY STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Foster Bros. Mfg. Co. was incorporated 1891, and the officers of the company 
 are: F. L. Groff, president; J. E. Diemer, secretary, and P. E. Graft', treasurer and 
 general manager. The location of this business is at 320, 322, 324 and 326 North Holli- 
 day Street, where is maintained a perfectly equipped plant, manufacturing tlie most 
 reliable type of Spring Beds and Metallic Bedsteads, which are shipped to all sections 
 of the country. 
 
 INTERNATIONAL BEDDING 
 COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Mattresses and 
 Pillows 
 
 NUMBER 337 NORTH STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The International Bedding Co. was incorporated in 1904 and is under the man- 
 agement of Mr. H. M. Taylor, secretary and general manager, with offices and plant 
 at 337 North Street. This company are manufacturers of Mattresses and Pillows of 
 standard grade and excellence, and its trade reaches throughout a wide area of the 
 United States. 
 
 1S4 
 
friends. He had to build up from the tilings he alone possessed. Asked what were his present 
 views of what brought success in business his reply was: "Adaptability for the work under- 
 taken; judgment, with courage to execute it, and, of course, integrity and hard work." To 
 a query as to why he, a boy without friends, should leave his European home and come to 
 Baltimore, he said: "I had heard that Baltimore was not so large as New York and there was 
 a better chance here. Having decided to go into business in this country, I selected Baltimore 
 as the place. The advantages to-day that Baltimore possesses are greater than they were 
 then. This city is now the best jobbing market in the country, and there are more and better 
 jobbing houses than are possessed in any other large city. This may surprise some people, 
 but it is, nevertheless, a fact. The Baltimore Bargain House is helped by this fact, and so 
 is every other jobbing house in the city. Buyers from all over the country are beginning to 
 appreciate that the reasons why prices are more reasonable in Baltimore than in New York 
 or Philadelphia or other large cities is that the business houses of Baltimore operate under 
 less expense than they do elsewhere. 
 
 CATALOGUES ITS DRUMMEES. 
 In the beginning the Baltimore Bargain House handled notions only; clothing, dry goods 
 and jewelry were added, and gradually new depaitments were taken on until now practically 
 everything in the jobbing line except staple groceries are handled. The house has no traveling 
 representatives except its buyers. Several of these spend most of their time in Europe, 
 scanning the markets for things to fit the trade of the house. The trade deals with the house 
 either through personal calls or by its catalogue. A million catalogues are sent out annually 
 and draw trade to Baltimore from all parts of the United States. Porto Rico, Cuba, the 
 British West Indies and Newfoundland send in large orders, and there is a special export 
 department with a Spanish correspondent to look after the mail and circulars. 
 
 CASH OR 1 HIRTY DAYS' CREDIT. 
 The records of the house show that thousands of merchants are brought to Baltimore 
 through its efforts, and a general trade participates in these visits. Mr. Epstein has a phrase 
 worked into every department of his business that has proved of advantage. It is "More 
 goods for the same money, or same goods for less money." It made a hit, along with other 
 ideas that were worked out. One-price system with all goods plainly marked is a feature 
 that is rigidly adhered to. A rather notable thing is that the entire business of the house 
 is done either on a cash basis or on thirty days' credit, that being the longest terms given to 
 any customer. 
 
 GREW FROM THE START. 
 From the Barre Street house, where the business started in 1881, it was four years later 
 removed to 34 Hanover Street, occupying the first floor, 30x90, and cellar. Two years later 
 the entire building was occupied. The increasing business compelled removal in 1893 to larger 
 quarters at 216 West Baltimore Street, in a warehouse 30x150. This was followed two years 
 later by adding the next-door buildings, 218 to 220 West Baltimore Street. Two years after 
 that the premises 10 and 12 North Howard Street were secured for the purpose of manufac- 
 turing clothing. These premises are utilized entirely for such purpose. 
 
 SEVENTEEN ELEVATORS KEEP BUSY. 
 The growth of the business in later years necessitated the addition of the adjoining build- 
 ings on Baltimore Street, Nos. 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 214, 216, 218 and 220, and even this large 
 increase of space did not prove equal to the increase of business, and the property on Fayette 
 Street, 213 to 221, was acquired, buildings torn down and a large modern warehouse con- 
 structed. This building is connected by bridges and tunnel M'ith the buildings on Baltimore 
 Street. These buildings contain seventeen freight and passenger elevators and a moving 
 platform which handles 3,000 pounds of freight a minute, besides being equipped throughout 
 with the latest sprinkler system, standpipes and hose for fire protection. Even after this 
 building was constructed it was found necessary to purchase Graham's storage warehouse and 
 
 185 
 
lEATHERBURY, WEBSTER & COMPANY 
 
 WHOLESALE MILLINERY AND NOVELTIES 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 'riu« house was establislii'd Jamiaiy 1, 1!)02, by L. C. Leatlicr- 
 bury and A. M. Wi'bstcr, both of whom Iiavo had years of i)rac- 
 tical experience witli the ohh-r wlioh'sah- inilliiiei''y firms. 'J'lir 
 original h>cation of tliis business was 212 Xorth Liberty Street, 
 moving, in 'July, 1905, to 105 West Baltimore Street, and on 
 Jainiaiy 1. inio, located at their present home, 115 West lialti- 
 more Street. The history of this business has been one of cnn- 
 tinual success, and, although one of the youngest firms in tiie 
 millinery business, it ranks and has a reputation for entei- 
 l)rise and integrity equal to tiie oldest houses in Baltimore, 
 l.eatherbury, Webster & Company handle a general line of mil- 
 linery goods and make a specialty of novelty effects, lieing in 
 touch with the trade centers of the world. The territory covered 
 by this firm extends throughout the South, which territory is 
 covered by five salesmen, and the house force numbers twenty- 
 tliree employees. 
 
 TALL BROS. 
 
 GENERAL PRINTERS, MANUFACTURING AND COMMERCIAL 
 STATIONERS, BLANK BOOK MAKERS 
 
 119 LIGHT STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 'i ^^^^^l^^^ ^' ^ ' r-ri amk jii^ 
 
 This firm was established January, 1888, by George W. Tall 
 and Otis J. Tall, at the southeast corner of South and Second 
 Streets. In 1891 the demands of business necessitated removal 
 to 23 South Calvert Street, where the firm continued until tlie 
 great fire of 1904, which destroyed their building and forced 
 them to find temporary quarters at 17 West Pratt Street. In 
 February, 1905, they moved into their present five-stoiy build- 
 ing at 119 Light Street, wliere is ni;iintained a llioioughly 
 equipped and aj)pointed store and jilant. Tall lims. are gen- 
 eral printers, as well as nianiifaeturing and cdninieieial st;i- 
 tioners and blank-book makers. Tall Bros, eominand a laige 
 trade by reason of tbeir e\ce;iti(;nal facilities and their pio- 
 gressive metlieds and fair dealint;-. 
 
 isii 
 
Concord Hall for the storage of duplicate stock, but in the recent conflagration these buildings 
 having been destroyed and the city having taken lots on which they stood for market purposes, 
 Mr. Epstein was obliged to look around for another building for the storage of duplicate stock, 
 which he secured at the corner of Lombard and Concord Streets. In 1910 the warehouses at 
 33 and 35 Hopkins Place were added to the Baltimore ]>ai'gain House's chain of buildings. 
 
 ONE HUNDRED TO KEEP HIS ACCOUNTS. 
 
 Twenty-six years ago the force consisted of one clerk. In 1S93 the f(nce consisted of 
 about 200 clerks. Now it numbers over 1,000 employees. Almost as many outside hands are 
 also employed in the manufacture of clothing. The main ofiice is probably the largest office of 
 any commercial house in the United States, over 100 bookkeepers and clerks being employed 
 in the clerical department. The printing plant for catalogues and advertising matter con- 
 tains about fifty employees, besides a force of artists in tlie advertising departn;ent. 
 
 Revised from Baltimore News. 
 
 NATHAN SCHLOSS 
 
 Son of Moses and Yetta Schloss, was born in Adelsberg, Bavaria, Germany, on the 22d 
 of February, K5Q. He received his education in both private and public schools and began 
 the active work of life at the age of fourteen, and is at present engaged in the wholesale clothing 
 manufacturing business. ]\Ir. Schloss has been a trustee of Oheb Shalom Congregation, and is at 
 present a director of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. Mr. Schloss attributes his success in life 
 to the fact that he very early realized that he had to make a future for himself, and with 
 this idea in mind, combined \vith a strict regard for the principles of "Honesty, Ambition and 
 Integrity," he has fully realized his youthful expectations. Mr. Schloss was married to Miss 
 Carrie Lochheimer on the 29th day of March, 1887, and has had two children, both living. 
 
 WILLIAM SCHLOSS 
 
 Son of Moses and the late Yetta Schloss. was born in Germany in 1801. Was educated 
 in the public schools, also received private religious instructions. Later he studied the science 
 of cutting and tailoring, beginning his business career at the age of thirteen with the firm of 
 Blum, Hechinger & Co., clothing manufacturers, and later became associated with the firm of 
 Schloss Bros. & Co., of which he is now a member. He attends the Oheb Sholom Congregation. 
 Mr. Schloss married Miss Ida Stein and has no children. 
 
 MICHAEL SCHLOSS 
 
 Son of Moses and the late Yetta Schloss, was born in (Germany in ISO.). He was educated 
 in the public and religious schools, and graduated from a business college. "At the age of 
 thirteen he was an errand boy for Stein & Co., wholesale clothiers, and with his brothers 
 formed the firm of Schloss Bros. & Co., of which he is a member. In addition to his connee 
 tion with the celebrated clothing firm, Mr. Schloss has taken quite an active interest in other 
 corporations and institutions, lie at present being president of The Baltimore Refrigerator 
 and Heating Company and vioe-president of the Calvert Mortgage and Deposit Company, 
 vice-president of the National City Bank, and for nniny years a director in the Third National 
 Bank; also appointed by the Governor as one of the labor commissioners. Mr. Schloss attends 
 the Oheb Shalom Temple, and fraternally is a member of the Masonic and the Bnai Britli 
 orders, while socially he is connected with the Phoenix and Su])urban Clubs. 
 
 187 
 
THEODORE MOTTU & CO. 
 
 LUMBER 
 1022 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlieodore Mottu & Co. was established in 1850 and is one of Baltimore's oldest 
 lumber houses. The present members of the firm of Theodore Mottu & Co. are Thomas 
 H. Mottu and Theodore Mottu. The firm has had but one location during the sixty 
 years of its career, viz., 1022 Pennsylvania Avenue. Theodore Mottu & Co. are dealers 
 in building lumber of all descriptions and carry in their yard at all times a most com- 
 plete stock of standard lines. 
 
 GEORGE KIPP & SON 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN LEATHER AND SHOE FINDINGS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 L 
 
 
 
 
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 The old house of George Kipp & 
 Son was established in 1860 by George 
 Kipp. In 1879 John M. Kipp was 
 taken into the firm, and in 1900 Fred 
 M. Kipp succeeded the business and 
 is now the sole owner. The original 
 establishment was at 1G07 Eastern 
 Avenue, to which has since been 
 added 1605 and 1612 Eastern Avenue, 
 so that the present establishment oc- 
 cupies 1605, 1607 and 1612 Eastern 
 Avenue. George Kipp & Son are 
 wholesale and retail dealers in leather 
 and shoe findings, cut soles, shoe store 
 supplies and upper manufacturers. 
 Tl<e house of Kipp & Son has grown 
 to its present position by methods of 
 alisolutc iiite<n-itv and fair dealings. 
 
 ISS 
 
JONAS SCHLOSS (DECEASED) 
 
 Jonas Schloss was the son of Moses and the late Yetta Schloss and was born in Germany 
 in the year of 1866. He was educated in the public and religious schools, in addition to 
 receiving private instruction. He started in business life at the age of seventeen years, with 
 Schloss Bros. & Co., and of which he later became a member. Mr. Jonas Schloss died in 1908, leav- 
 ing behind him a memory which will live long in the hearts of those who knew him. It has been 
 said of Jonas Schloss tliat "he was unquestionably one of the noblest men God ever placed on 
 earth." A most perfect son, husband, father and brother, beloved by all who knew him, without 
 exception. A man of remarkable strong character, fixed principles, and yet with all of the 
 most kindly disposition. He was an indefatigable worker and possessed a most brilliant mind, 
 notwithstanding whicli, however, he was a man of the most extraordinarily modest and re- 
 tiring disposition. Jlr. Schloss is survived by a widow, who was Miss Rene Heineman, and 
 two sons, Monroe and Julius, both living. 
 
 JULIUS SCHLOSS 
 
 Son of Moses and the late Yetta Schloss, was born in Germany in 1867, receiving a public 
 school and business college education. At the age of sixteen he entered the employ of Schenthal 
 & Greenbaum, later becoming a member of the firm of Schloss Bros. & Co. Mr. Schloss is a 
 member of the Phoenix and Suburban Clubs and attends Shearith Israel Congregation. Mr. 
 Schloss married Miss Florence Whitehill and has one child, Helene, living. 
 
 MEYER SCHLOSS 
 
 Son of Moses and the late Yetta Schloss, was born in Baltimore City in the year of 1873, 
 receiving a public school and religious education. At the age of seventeen he began his busi- 
 ness life as stock clerk of Schloss Bros. & Co., of which firm he is now a member. Mr. Schloss 
 attends the Shearith Israel Temple. He married Miss Bertie Frank and has two children, 
 Irving and Hilda, both living. 
 
 LOUIS J. SCHLOSS 
 
 Louis J. Schloss was born in Germany in 1860; received his education in the public 
 schools. At the age of seventeen he entered the employ of Rosenberg & Co., later Stern, Rosen- 
 berg Co., of New York. He attends the New York Lexington Avenue Temple, and is a member 
 of the Frohsin and Progress Club^ of New York City, where at present he resides. Mr. Schloss 
 married Miss Sophie Schloss (sister of the Schloss Brothers) and has three children, Leilia, 
 Madelon and Ruth, all living. 
 
 ALBERT L. FRANK 
 
 Son of Caroline and the late Moses Frank, was born in St. Louis, 1871; received his educa- 
 tion in public and private schools and began business career with Schloss Bros. & Co. when fif- 
 teen years of age, of which firm he is now general manager, also treasurer of Wigmore & 
 Kenefick Co., of Middletown, Conn., and president Frank Realty and Investment Co. Mr. 
 Frank attends Chizuk Enuinah Synagogue. 
 
 189 
 
SCHLOSS BROTHERS & COMPANY 
 
 Wholesale Clothing Manufacturers 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Scliloss Bros. & Co. were established in 1885 by Nathan, Michael, W'iiiiani,- .lulius 
 and Jonas Schloss, all of whom prior to which time had been employed as clerks in 
 various positions with other firms. Mr. Louis J. Schloss and Mr. Meyer Schloss have 
 since been admitted to the firm. Mr. .Jonas Schloss died in 1908. The original location 
 of this business was on Baltimore near Hanover Streets. The business was successful 
 from the beginning and has grown to such proportions that it taxes the capacity cf 
 two immense factories, one at the corner of Baltimore and Paca Streets and the other 
 on Low Street, running from High to Kxeter Streets, the former building being a 
 seven-story structure with lloor space 120 by 105 feet, or a total lloor area of 80,200 
 
 square feet. The latter building conunands six stories, 90 by 251 feet, or a total floor 
 space of 135,540 square feet. This new factory is conceded by experts to be the most per- 
 fectly equipped and arranged tailoring workrooms in tiic world. Schloss Bros. & Co. 
 are manufacturers of clothing and have a capacity to ))roduce $5,000,000 worth of 
 fine, high-grade ready-to-wear clothing annually. The number of operatives employed 
 is 4,000 and the number of traveling men thirty-six, who cover every State and Terri- 
 tory in the country; as it is the proud claim of Schloss Bros, that there is not a single 
 State or Territory in the United States in which they do not sell their famous clothing. 
 The aim of Schloss Bros. & Co. is to perpetuate the high standing of the firm for honor- 
 able dealings and to maintain the superlative (piality of Hie eli>tliiiig produced. 
 
SIMOX M. IIANI.INE ^/Irr^^"^ 
 
 191 
 
CENTRAL SAVINGS BANK 
 
 OF BALTIMORE 
 
 This Institution was incorporated in the year 1854, and its first location was'on Calvert Street, 
 opposite what was then "Barnum's Hotel." Sulise<(uently it was moved to north siile of Lexington Street, 
 east of Charles. In 1872, the property on the southeast corner of Charles and Lexington ."Streets was 
 bought, and in 1891, on this site, its present haiids(jnie building was erected, the first floor Iseing used 
 for its Savings Bank Business, and the ui)i)pr floors rented for office purposes. 
 
 Its Directors serve without remuneration of any kind, the profits accruing from the investments 
 being used — First: In payment of interest to depositors. Second: In paying taxes and expenses. Third: 
 In crediting the excess surplus, so that the dei)ositors may be amply and fully protected. 
 
 OFFICERS 
 
 Robert K. Waking President 
 
 Wilton Snowden Vice-President 
 
 Thomas G. Potts Treasurer 
 
 Isaac H. Dixo.v 
 WiLTo.\ Snowden 
 Robert K. Waring 
 Edward B. Owens 
 Thomas G. Potts 
 Charles E. Dohmb 
 MiLLEs White, Jr. 
 Henry Williams 
 
 ni RECTORS 
 
 William H. Grafflin 
 Franklin P. Cator 
 John S. Gibbs 
 C. Morton Stewart, Jr. 
 Charles T. Cra.ve 
 George W. Corner, Jr. 
 John K. Shaw 
 Thomas Foley Hisky 
 Edwin Warfield 
 
 Edwin G. Beatjeh 
 Thomas E. Cottman 
 Charles Willms 
 Edward P. Gill 
 W. Champlin Robinson 
 Eli Oppenheim 
 William Winchester 
 John Wesley Bruce 
 
 .\RTnrR Geiihge Brown, Counsellor 
 
 !'.)_' 
 
SAFE DEPOSIT AND 
 TRUST COMPANY OF BALTIMORE 
 
 NUMBERS 9-11-13 SOUTH STREET 
 
 ORGANIZED IN 1867 
 
 Capital and Surplus - _ - - $2,548,196.49 
 
 Acts as Trustee of Corporation Mortgages, Fiscal Agent for Corporations and 
 Individuals, Transfer Agent and Registrar. Depository under plans of reorganization. 
 
 Acts as Executor, Administrator, Guardian, Trustee, Receiver, Attorney and Agent, 
 being especially organized for careful management and settlement of estates of every 
 character. 
 
 Fireproof building witli latest and best equipment for safety of contents. 
 
 Safes for rent in its large fire and burglar-proof vaults, with spacious and well- 
 lighted coupon rooms for use of patrons. Silver and other valuables taken on storage. 
 
 Officers : 
 
 MICHAEL JENKINS President 
 
 H. WALTERS Vice-President 
 
 JOHN W. MARSHALL Second Vice-President 
 
 J. J. NELLICLVNT Third Vice-President 
 
 ANDREW P. SPAMER Treasurer 
 
 GEORGE B. GAMMIE Assistant Treasurer 
 
 H. H. M. LEE Secretary 
 
 ARTHUR C. GIBSON Assistant Secretary 
 
 JOSEPH B. KIRBY Assistant Secretary 
 
 WILLIAM R. HUBNER Assistant Secretary 
 
 GEORGE R. TUDOR Cashier 
 
 A. P. STROBEL Real Estate Officer 
 
 Directors : 
 
 Michael Jenkins. Samuel M. Shoemaker. 
 
 Blanchakd Raxdall. H. Walters. 
 
 Waldo Newcomer. E. H. Perkins. 
 
 John W. Marshall. Douglas H. Thomas. 
 
 Norman James. John J. Nelligan. 
 
 193 
 
THE BALTIMORE TRUST COMPANY 
 
 25 E. BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Capital, $1,000,000 - Surplus, $2,500,000 
 Resources more than $11,000,000 
 
 This institution succeeds the Intoi iiatidiial Trust Co. of ^Maryland and The Balti- 
 more 'J'rust & Guarantee Co. Its majinilicciit laiililiiit;. situated at 25 East Baltimore 
 Street, is one of the arehiteetuial oruaiiicuts df tlie city. 
 
 Ojp.ccrs 
 
 Thom:is H. Bowles, Prrsident G. C. Morrison, Second Vice-President 
 
 Douk1:is H. Clordon, First Vice-President Simuel ('. Kowlnnd, Third Vic3-PrP8id?nt 
 
 C. D. Fenhagpn, Secretary-Treasurer 
 
 SnJE Deposit /Jo.res for rent and silver storai;e room. 
 Interest allowed on deposits. 
 
 I'.ll 
 
PHILIP HERZBERG 
 
 Philip Herzberg was born on February 14, 1822, in the town of Klingenberg au Main, 
 Bavaria, Germany. He came to Baltimore in 1840, and later established the firm of Philip 
 Herzberg & Co., which conducted a manufacturing wholesale and retail clothing business on 
 Marsh-Market Space until 1888, when Mr. Herzberg retired from active biisiness. 
 
 Mr. Herzberg has been actively identified with Jewish congregational and charitable life 
 in Baltimore. He was one of the organizers of the Eden Street Congregation, and its treasurer 
 for a number of years. Subsequently he joined the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, from 
 which he resigned, because of its "Reform" tendencies, in 1870. In that year he, the late 
 Jonas Friedenwald, and others organized the Chizuk Emunoh Congregation. He was treas- 
 urer of this synagogue for a number of years, and rendered valuable services when the build- 
 ing on Lloyd Street was constructed. 
 
 Mr. Herzberg is the only survivor of that band of men who, in 1846, started the United 
 Hebrew Assistance Society, which name, as well as its charter, was changed in 1856 to the 
 Hebrew Benevolent Society of Baltimore. Mr. Herzberg served as president of this institution 
 for twelve consecutive years, from 1878 to 1890, and until a recent date was the only living 
 ex-president. He has been officially associated with the society since its inception and is now 
 an honorary life member of the board. Mr. Herzberg also has been actively connected with 
 the Hebrew Hospital and Asylum Association, the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, the Hebrew Edu- 
 cational Society, the Free Burial Society, the Alliance Israelite Universelle, and other chari- 
 table associations. 
 
 Mr. Herzberg's activities have not been confined to sectarian institutions. He has taken 
 part in various civic endeavors. Mr. Herzberg, in conjunction with Rev. Dr. H. Hochheimer 
 and Col. Mendes I. Cohen, called a convention of prominent Israelites of America, which met 
 in Baltimore, and drafted a memorial to President Buchanan petitioning the chief magistrate 
 to insert a provision in the then pending Swiss treaty respecting the removal of the disabilites 
 drected against the Israelites. Mr, Herzberg was a member of the committee which presented 
 the memorial to President Buchanan, and addressed tlie chief executive. 
 
 Mr. Herzberg became a member of Washington Lodge No. 1, I. 0. 0. F., in 1845 and is 
 Past Grand of the lodge. 
 
 DR. ABRAHAM SAMUELS. 
 
 Son of Samuel Samuels and Sarah Meyenberg (ne'e Bernheimer) Samuels, was born in 
 the city of Baltimore on the 27th day of August, 1875. He was educated in the Baltimore 
 city public schools and graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1898, and 
 has received the degree of Bachelor of Arts (Honorary). Dr. Samuels began his active work of 
 life by serving an apprenticeship in a drug store, and is now a practicing physician, and has 
 had connections with the City Hospital, Bay View Asylum, College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, Hebrew Hospital and Mercy Hospital. He is a member of the Phi Chi Research 
 Club, American Medical Association, Medical and Chirurgical faculty of Maryland and 
 Baltimore City Medical Society. Has been resident physician at the City Hospital and 
 Hebrew Hospital and is now Associate Professor Diseases of Women, College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, and Associate Editor of the Maryland Medical Journal. Dr. Samuels gives as the 
 most valuable lesson he has learned in life the following: "From failures come success; and 
 to be successful hard work and absolute honesty are necessary." On March 30, 1903, Dr. 
 Samuels married Roseleah Cushman Bloomberg, of New York City. Graduated from Mary- 
 land Pharmacy 1895. 
 
 SIMON ROSENBURG 
 
 Son of Abraham and Sarah Rosenburg, was born in Baltimore February 12, 1845, receiving 
 his education in private schools. In 1865 Mr. Rosenburg was a merchant and later became a 
 banker. He attends the Madison Avenue Temple. Mr. Rosenburg married Miss Bertha Frank 
 February 12, 1879, and has had three children, Mrs. Adolf Rosenburg, Mrs. Enrico N. Stein 
 and Abel A. Rosenburg, all living. 
 
 195 
 
FIDELITY AND 
 DEPOSIT COMPANY OF MARYLAND 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Is one of the oldest and strongest surety companies in the workl, having begun 
 business on May ], ISDO. 
 
 Capital stock .$2,000,000.00 
 
 Surplus 2.560,364.16 
 
 Reserves 1.631, .554. 24 
 
 Total resources $6,191,918.40 
 
 President EnwiN Warfield. 
 
 First Vice-President Thomas A. Whelan. 
 
 Second Vice-President Seymour Mandelbaum. 
 
 Third Vice-President John II. Wight. 
 
 Fourth Vice-President Charles R. Miller. 
 
 Secretary and Treasurer Harry Nicodemus. 
 
 Assistant Heerrlari/ and Trrasiirrr Tno^fAS L. Berry. 
 
 THE FIDELITY TRUST COMPANY 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Capital, surplus and undivided protits .$1,701,552.69 
 
 Deposits, December 31. 190!) 6,432.323.89 
 
 Total .$8,133,876.58 
 
 Tliis company acts as executor, administrator, guardian and trustee for individ- 
 uals; as trustee, transfer agent, registrar and iiscal agent for corporations; as cus- 
 todian of wills and securities: and as agent for the management and sale of real 
 estate. 
 
 The company receives deposits subject to check, and allows interest on balances. 
 Letters of credit and travelers' checks issued. Safe deposit boxes for rent, and storage 
 vaults for silver and valuables. 
 
 President 1<]i)Win Warfield. 
 
 First Vice-Presiden{ \'an Lear Black. 
 
 Second Vice-President Thomas A. Whelan. 
 
 Third Vice-President ToiiN II. Wight. 
 
 Secretary and Treasurer Harry Nicodemt^s. 
 
 Assistant Secretary and Treasurer Tno.NfAS L. 13EKRY. 
 
 Trust Officer I'- llowAKi) Wahkielo. 
 
 liKi 
 
SEYMOUR MAXDELBAUM. 
 
 197 
 
JOHN B. ADT 
 
 Patent 
 
 Tobacco Dryers & Tobacco Granulating Machinery 
 
 FERTILIZER DYERS, BREWERY MACHINERY, WHALEN DISSOLVERS, 
 SCREW HOISTING MACHINES FAT CUTTERS. ENGINES ETC.. ETC 
 
 Works : 323-342 N. Holliday St. 
 Office : S. W. Cor. Holliday and Pleasant Sts. 
 BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. 
 
 »n;^»'"~""^ 
 
 . ii - . 
 I i I IV 
 
 JOHN B. ADT'S machine SHOPS OFFICE AND WAREHOUSE. 
 
 :532-342 N. HOLLIDAY STREET AND S. W. COR. HOLLIDAY AND PLEASANT STREETS, BALTIMORE, 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 John B. Adt, manufacturer of tobacco machinery, elevators and general machinery, 
 established in 186.5 and located at 332-342 N. Holliday Street, this city, since 1873, 
 is one of the leading manufacturers of machinery in this city; the products of this 
 factor}' are being shipped to all countries of the world and locally enjoy a high repu- 
 tation in the quality and workmanship of their manufacture. 
 
 The shops are equipped with the most up-to-date machinery and tools for the 
 manufacture of tobacco machinery as a specialty, factory and warehouse elevators and 
 a general line of machinery, reaching into all branches of trade, and in connection 
 with the manvifacturing ])Iant, this firm has al.so a branch house for the handling of 
 machinists' and ])lumbers' supplies, having a large warehouse for this purpose, located 
 at the southwest corner of Holliday and Pleasant Streets. 
 
 Mr. John i'>. Adt, the senior member of the firm, having withdrawn from the active 
 participation in the business, same is now conducted by his sons, Albert W. Adt and 
 Edwin B. Adt. 
 
 lys 
 
DAVID BACHRACH 
 
 Bon of David and Sarah Bachrach, Avas born in Hesse Cassel, Germany, July 16, 1845. 
 He was educated in the public and high school in Hartford, Conn., and began business life 
 as an apprentice to a photographer in Baltimore. Mr. Bachrach formulated the first practical 
 process of making direct photo prints on painters' canvas, and is the inventor of the self- 
 toning process in photography, which is the foundation of all present self-toning papers. 
 Towards the close of the Civil War Mr. Bachrach was on the staff of St. John's College 
 Hospital, with rank of lieutenant, to photograph the cases of Andersonville prisoners. He 
 served on the Annexation Committee in 1888 and at various times on the Federal and State 
 Grand Juries. Mr. Bachrach is a profound reader and the works which he has found most 
 useful to him are those of John Stuart Mill and Henry George. He has written many 
 practical articles for photographic magazines and is a great believer in "The square deal" 
 as the surest means of promoting human happiness. Mr. Bachrach is a Mason and an Odd 
 Fellow, and associated with Har Sinai Congregation. In 1877 Mr. Bachrach married Miss 
 Fanny Keyser and has had four children, three of whom are living. 
 
 SIMON H. STEIN 
 
 Son of Samuel and Annie Stein, was born in Baltimore City June 2, 1874. His father 
 was a prominent banker and president of the Madison Avenue Synagogue. Mr. Stein was 
 educated in the public schools of Baltimore; graduated from the Johns Hopkins University 
 1894 with the degree of A.B., and from the University of Maryland Law School 1896 with 
 the degree of L.L.B. He practiced law from 1896 to 1900, at which later time he engaged 
 in the banking and brokerage business. He is a member of the Board of Federated Charities 
 and also on the Board of Epstein's Memorial Hospital. He is a Phi Beta Kappa man and 
 is a member of the Phoenix, Suburban and Merchants' Clubs. He is associated with the 
 Madison Avenue Congregation and is unmarried. 
 
 HARRY M. WOLF 
 
 Son of Moses and Nannie Wolf, was born ]\larch 17, 1867. Mr. Wolf was educated in the 
 public schools of Baltimore and began mercantile life in New York City, and in 1891 went 
 into the insurance business with his father, forming the firm of M. Wolf & Son, now located 
 at 30 Commerce Street. He is a member of the Oheb Shalom Congregation and is a member 
 of the Phoenix and Suburban Clubs and the jNlasonic Order and Elks. Mr. Wolf's policy in 
 life has been the Golden Rule. On March 17, 1896, Mr. Wolf married Miss Carrie Brown. 
 
 MAX JOFFE 
 
 Son of Barrie and Dorathy Joffe, Mas born at Witebsk, Eussia, on July. 1802. Mr. Joffe 
 was educated in the public schools in Europe, and in 1885 was a merchant in Hagerstown, Md., 
 and is at present owner of the Standard Cap Co., Baltimore City. He is associated with the 
 West End K'nesseth Israel Congregation and a member of the Royal Arcanum. Odd Fellows 
 and Knights of Pythias. Mr. Joffe is married and has seven children. 
 
 SIGMUND M. ADLER 
 
 Son of Solomon and Regina Hahn Adler, was born at Niedenstein, Germany. November 
 23, 1874, was educated in the public schools of Germany, and is now a member of the firm 
 of Eichengreen & Co., of Baltimore City. Mr. Adler attends the Madison Avenue Temple and 
 is a member of the Phoenix and Suburban Clubs. On January 16, 1906, he married Miss Cora 
 Eichengreen, of Baltimore. 
 
 199 
 
"Quality Furniture at Popular Prices 
 
 1} 
 
 A SECTIO.X OF OUR SHOWROOMS 
 
 Established September 1, 1907, this store has been a success from the start. The 
 business has grown until it lias become necessary for the firm to lease annex quarters 
 to accommodate larger and more varied stocks. The officers of the company are: 
 Jerome Strouse, president and treasurer; Ralph Goldman, vice-president; George 
 Rosendale, secretary. The directors are: Ralph Goldman, George Rosendale, Eli 
 Strouse, Sylvan Hayes Lauchheimer and Jerome Strouse. 
 
 "Quality Furniture at Popular Prices" is the keynote of our success. We guar- 
 antee our goods to be just wliat they are represented to be in our advertising — and 
 we live up strictly to our printed word. Our stock embraces everything that should 
 be found in a modern, progressive store that is sincerely anxious to serve its customers. 
 
 A visit to our show-rooms puts you under no obligation to buy. 
 
 HOWARD FURNITURE CO. 
 
 5 NORTH HOWARD STREET 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 200 
 
SAMUEL ROSENTHAL 
 
 201 
 
THE BALTIMORE TRUST AND GUARANTEE COMPANY 
 
 EQUITABLE BUILDING 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Baltimore Trust and Guarantee Company, of Baltimore City, with offices in the 
 Equitable Building, Calvert and Fayette Streets, was organized in 1889 to conduct a 
 general banking and trust company business, to accept deposit accounts subject to 
 check, savings accounts, time deposits, safe-deposit vaults; estates managed, wills 
 executed and to perform corporate trusteeships. 
 
 The officers of the company are, president, Thomas H. Bowles, with the following 
 directorate: 
 
 Thomas H. Bowles Franklin Q. Brown George R. Gaither Reuben Foster 
 
 James A. Garey 
 Eugene Levering 
 Elisha H. Perkins 
 H. Irvine Keyser 
 
 Theodore Marburg 
 Charles W. Baer 
 C. C. Buckman 
 
 B. N. Baker 
 George W. Knapp 
 E. H. McKeon 
 Charles Adler 
 
 Edgar C. Miller, Jr. 
 George C. Morrison 
 Miles White, Jr. 
 Thos. H. Symington 
 
 THE MERCANTILE TRUST & DEPOSIT COMPANY OF BALTIMORE 
 
 The Mercantile Trust & Deposit Company of Baltimore was organized under an 
 Act of the Legislature of Maryland in 1884. General John Gill, its founder, has been 
 its president for the twenty -five years of its existence. Associated with him have been 
 such leaders in the business world as Enoch Pratt, W. W. Spence, C. Morton Stewart, 
 Charles D. Fisher, Bernard Cahn, Louis McLane, Alexander Frank, Alexander Shaw, 
 Andrew Reid and John A. Hambleton — all men who carved their way to success and 
 were leaders in their generation. 
 
 A general banking and safe-deposit business is carried on by the company, also a 
 separate and distinct department, thoroughly organized to take charge of estates, look 
 after the collection of house and ground rents, collect coupons and interest, act as 
 executor or administrator of estates, as guardian of minor children, or as receiver: 
 in general, the company is authorized to accept any trust under the laws of any State 
 or of the United States. It further acts as trustee of mortgages, as registrar and 
 transfer agent, issues letters of credit and foreign exchange available in all parts of 
 the world, and is the legal depository for court and trust funds. 
 
 Officers of the company are: John Gill, of R.. president; Wilton Snowden, vice- 
 president; A. H. S. Post, second vice-president: John McHenry. treasurer; Jos. R. 
 Walker, secretary; T. H. Fitchett, assistant secretary and treasurer. 
 
BENJAMIN HENRY HARTOGENSIS 
 
 Benjamin Henry Hartogensis, the son of Henry S. and Rachel de Wolff Hartogensis, was 
 born in Baltimore on the 9th of April, 1865. Completing his elementary and secondary edu- 
 cation in the public schools and at the Baltimore City College, he entered the Johns Hopkins 
 University, where he was awarded a Hopkins scholarship, and from which he was graduated 
 in 1886. After a year of graduate work at the Hopkins, he followed, for a short time, the 
 profession of an analytical chemist. In 1887 Mr. Hartogensis became associate editor of the 
 Jewish Exponent, of Philadelphia, sharing for twelve years the editorial responsibilities and 
 burdens of the entire paper, besides representing the journal in Baltimore. From 1890 to 
 1896, he was one of the editors of the Baltimore American; a little earlier he had been on the 
 editorial staff of the Baltimore iitin. While engaged in this work, Mr. Hartogensis had been 
 studying at the Baltimore University School of Law: in December, 1893, he was admitted to 
 the bar, and three years later he began the active practice of the law, forming, with Mr. 
 Louis H. Levin, the firm of Levin & Hartogensis, which was dissolved in 1906. On June 10, 
 1896, Mr. Hartogensis was married to Miss Grace Bendann. Mrs. Hartogensis died May 20, 
 1900, survived by a daughter. 
 
 Mr. Hartogensis assisted, in 1888, in establishing in Baltimore a branch of the Alliance 
 Israelite Universelle, and he has been the secretary of the local branch since 1894. He is 
 president of the Baltimore branch of the .Jewish Territorial Organization, which he also 
 assisted in founding, and is the honorary counsel of the Federation of Orthodox Jewish Con- 
 gregations of Baltimore City. Mr. Hartogensis's most notable work for Baltimore and its 
 Jews has been in connection with the Russian night school. In 1887 he began to take an active 
 interest in the Hebrew Literary Society, under whose auspices the school was founded ; and 
 subsequently he became a member of the Russian night school committee ( 1889-97 ) . At- 
 tending regularly the nightly sessions of the school, he aided, with Miss Henrietta Szold and 
 Miss Grace Bendann, in making five thousand Russian Jewish immigrants intelligent Ameri- 
 can citizens. His interest in this cause has not lapsed; he is actively interested in the 
 night schools conducted by the city, whose establishment he advocated as the logical develop- 
 ment of the work of the Russian night school committee. Mr. Hartogensis was appointed 
 by Governor Crothers a delegate for the State of Maryland to the convention at Atlanta 
 (October, 1908) for the advancement of industrial education. He is Past Chancellor of 
 Pythagorean Lodge, Knights of Pythias. 
 
 Among public addresses delivered by Mr. Hartogensis are: "A History of Intolerance in 
 Maryland," published in the Jewish Exponent ; "The Loyal Jew, the Best Patriot," a Fourth 
 of July address, delivered in 1907 to the colonists at Woodbine, N, J., afterwards translated 
 into French and published for private circulation by the Alliance Israelite L^niverselle : and 
 a paper on "Consanguineous Marriages at Jewish and American Law," read at a meeting of 
 the American- Jewish Historical Society in February, 1910. An essay, ''Did the Jews or 
 Romans Kill .Jesus?" published in the Baltimore Stin, April 19, 1909, et seq., attracted a great 
 deal of attention and comment. 
 
 DR. HARRY ADLER. 
 
 Son of Charles and Caroline Adler, was born in Baltimore City on the 11th day of 
 August, 1872. Mr. Adler attended the Baltimore public schools, the Johns Hopkins 
 University, from which he graduated in 1892, receiving the degree of A.B., and the University 
 of Maryland School of Medicine, from which he graduated in 1895, after which he took up 
 two years' post-graduate work in Berlin, Vienna and Prague, beginning active practice in 
 1897. Dr. Adler was director of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum and Hospital, 1905-6, and 
 president of the same institution 1905-1909, director Federated Jewish Charities and Jewish 
 Home of Consumptives, member of the Endowment Committee of the University of Maryland, 
 clinical professor of medicine and director of Clinical Laboratory, L^niversity of Maryland, 
 visiting physician on diseases of stomach and intestines, Hebrew Hospital. On .June 10, 1899, 
 Dr. Adler married Miss Carrie Frank and has one child living. 
 
 203 
 
"Will Go on Your Bond" 
 THE AMERICAN BONDING COMPANY OF BALTIMORE 
 
 Tlie Atiiorifan ISondinji- ('(mii);uiy was incorporated for the j)urposi' of issuing 
 security honds. buriiiary insurance and kindred undortakinjis of ail kinds, affording 
 protection against burglary, theft and larceny, and damage caused to projierty. This 
 conipany has assets of $2,500,000, and maintains agencies everywhere. 
 FINANCIAL STATEMENT, SEPTEMBER .'50. 1 '.»()!» 
 
 ASSETS 
 
 Railroad Bonds $1,033,288.45 
 
 State and Municipal Bonds 680,279.00 
 
 Street Railway and Other Bonds 112,2(55.00 
 
 United States' Government Bonds 50,750.00 
 
 Railroad Stocks 56,525 . 00 
 
 Total Bonds and Stocks $1,933,107.45 
 
 Outstanding Premiums, less commissions 247,527.24 
 
 Interest Accrued 18,923 . 80 
 
 Real Estate and Mortgage Loans 7,060.04 
 
 Other Assets 13,358 . 27 
 
 Cash in Office and Depositories 193,892 . 96 
 
 $2,413,869.76 
 
 LIABILITIES 
 
 Legal Reserve $594,461 . 08 
 
 Reserve for Losses and Contingencies 237,931 .53 
 
 Other Liabilities 38,066.86 
 
 Capital Stock $750,000 . 00 
 
 Surplus 793,410.29 
 
 Surplus to Policyholders ~ $1,543,410.29 
 
 $2,413,869.76 
 George Cator, President 
 
 BALTIMORE EQUITABLE SOCIETY 
 
 WiLTo.v SxowDEN, Treasurer 
 
 Harry E. Rawlings, Secretarv 
 
 S.E. CORNER EUTAW AND FAYETTE STREETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 PERPETUAL AND TRANSIENT INSURANCE 
 
 The Baltimore Equitable Society, organized 115 years ago, has been continuously 
 conducting a fire insurance business in this city, paying losses to many generations 
 embraced in that long period. It is the oldest company in Maryland. 
 
 Its losses during the great fire of February, 1904, were over $1,915,000, whicli were 
 promptly paid, leaving the society in a sound and pros])erous condition. 
 
 The society has made a feature of issuing perpetual ]K)licies on dwellings, stores, 
 ground rents and furniture, which have great advantages in ])ermanency and economy. 
 
 A deposit of $20 and upwards ])er thousand secures a jierpetual policy on a dwell- 
 ing. This dci)osit can be withdrawn l)y the insured at any time, according to the terms 
 of the policy, which are very plain ancl liberal and free from all ingenious technicalities. 
 These policies are held by thousands of our citizens, many of them having been trans- 
 ferred from preceding generations. Their leliability and ])ermanency are maintained 
 by substantial assets which have ])rove(l entirely sullicient under the ordinary and 
 extraordinary changes and conditions of over a century. 
 
 Perpetual ])olicies on furniture are issued upon a deposit of $40 and upwards per 
 thousand dollars, an<l on stores at $25 and upwards per thousand dollars. 
 
 We invite you to call at the office of the society for further ])articulars, or write 
 for the same, when our representative will call upon you with such information as you 
 may desire. 
 
 204 
 
MAX SKUTCII 
 
 205 
 
BAGBY FURNITURE COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Chamber Suits, Hall Racks, 
 
 Wardrobes, Chairs, Dining Room and 
 
 Kitchen Furniture, Etc. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This house was established in 1879, originally under the firm name of Bagby & 
 Rivers, which title was changed in 1897 to Bagby Furniture Co., at which time the 
 company was incorporated. The founders of the house were Charles T. Bagby and A. 
 D. Rivers. The present officers of the company are Charles T. Bagby, President ; J. T. 
 Woodward, Vice-President; J. Hairy Tyler, Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. Tyler was 
 formerly one of the well-known firm of Tyler & Brothers. The original location of 
 this firm was 624-632 West Pratt Street, and from 1897 to 1902 corner Biddle and 
 Chester Streets. The present location of this company's plant is corner of Canton 
 
 Avenue and Exeter Street, with salesrooms at 108 South Kutaw Street. The Bagby 
 Furniture Co. manufacture chamber suits and a general line of furniture and chairs 
 and the largest line in this section of the country. The large factory of this company 
 was built especially for the business, with 73,000 feet of floor space, and is equipped 
 with the most approved machinery and modern appliances; and a large lumber yard 
 and dry-kiln are connected with the plant. The trade of the Bagby B\irnitiire Co. 
 extends from New England to the Gulf. Tliey make a specialty of low and medium 
 priced furniture. No better goods of this class are made in this territory. 
 
 L'OG 
 
REV. JACOB SCHVANENFELD 
 
 Son of Samuel Sclivaiienfeld, a merchant, and his wife, formerly a Miss Scheindel, was 
 born at Letownia, Austria, on October 16, 1880. He received his education in the New York 
 public schools, the Baltimore City College, Baltimore Law School and the New York Con- 
 servatory of Music. His first active work in life was that of choir boy. He was cantor in 
 the congregation of Anshe Chesed from 1898 to 1900, in the congregation of Sharai Zedek. 
 Harlem from 1900 to 1904, and in Baltimore from 1904 to the present time as cantor of the 
 Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. Mr. Schvanenfeld is a member of the Royal Arcanum and 
 Knights of Pythias. "To say little and do much; to be sincere in what you do; to Interest 
 yourself in communal work" are principles Mr. Schvanenfeld has ever kept in view and to 
 which he attributes a large part of his success in life. Mr. Schvanenfeld is not married. 
 
 BENJAMIN FRIEDMANN 
 
 Son of Menka and Caroline Prager Friedmann, was born on March 12, 1861, in the city of 
 Baltimore. He received his education in the public schools of the city, and upon its conclu- 
 sion entered, in 1876, into the clothing business of his father — the firm of M. Friedmann & 
 Sons. Mr. Friedmann is now identified with the Baltimore Capsule Co. He is past master 
 and high priest of the Masonic Order, an Odd Fellow and a member of the Phoenix Club. He 
 has been president of Standard Circle, and at the present time holds the office of treasurer 
 of the Chizuk Emunah Congregation. Mr. Friedmann regards his success in life to be the 
 the outcome of perseverance. 
 
 FREDERICK H. GOTTLIEB. 
 
 Son of Emanuel and Rosalia Fischer Gottlieb, was born at Nagywarad, Hungary, on the 
 12th day of October, 1852. His education was received in Europe, and his business life began at 
 the age of fourteen years. Mr. Gottlieb is vice-president of the G. B. S. Brewing Company and 
 is president of the Charcoal Club and president of the Journalist Club. On .June 6, 1876, he 
 married Miss Christine B. Butterfield and has four children, Mary Watson, Esther B., Minda 
 Ellinworth and Janet Patterson Gottlieb. 
 
 MOSES FRANK. 
 
 Son of Henry and Sarah Frank, was born in Baltimore on the 20th day of July, 1844. 
 He was educated in private schools, and at the age of thirteen clerked with his father. At 
 the age of twenty-one he started in business on his own accord and retired at the age of fifty. 
 Mr. Moses Frank is president of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation. On November 26, 1871, 
 he married Isabella Cohen and has had six children, five of whom, Eli, Carrie, Harrv, Sadie 
 and Minnie, are living. 
 
 MAX HOCHSCHILD. 
 
 Son of Samuel and Gretchen Hochschild, was born at Gross Rohrheim, Germanv, on 
 June 14, 1855. He was educated in the public country schools of Germany, and came to 
 Baltimore March 15, 1870. From 1870 to 1876 he was a clerk, since which time he has been in 
 business on his own account — from 1876 to 1897 alone and from 1897 to the present time a 
 member of the firm of Hochschild, Kohn & Co. Mr. Hochschild is a member of Har Sinai 
 Temple and a director of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. On March 30, 1887, he married Miss 
 Lina Hamburger and has had two children, both living. 
 
 207 
 
HUGHES FURNITURE 
 MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 
 L_ 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Chamber Suits, Chiffoniers, Hall Racks, Wardrobes, 
 Ladies' Toilets, Enameled Goods, Etc. 
 
 LOCUST POINT, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Hughes Furniture Maiuifaoturing Company was incorporated in February, 
 1895, througli the efforts of Jacob Hughes, wlio, prior to his connection with tiiis com- 
 pany, luKl been identified with tiie furniture manufacturing business for twenty-five 
 years, having formerly been associated with the firm of Geelhaar, Hughes & Co., which 
 company, after a period of two years' existence, was absorbed by the Atlantic Furniture 
 Manufacturing Company, in which corporation he was active in the management until 
 his withdrawal from same, after which he formed the Hughes Furniture IManufacturing 
 Company, wliich is located at Locust Point and occupies the entire block bounded by 
 Haubert, Marriott, Decatur and Beason Streets, giving employment to 125 liands. 
 
 For five years this company confined itself to niamifacturing cheap and medium 
 grade goods, and in the year 1900, due to the increasing demand for bettor furniture, 
 they re-equipped their entire plant, since which time tiiey iiave devoted tiieir entire 
 efforts toward the betterment of the furniture industry of Baltimore. 
 
 At present the line consists of chamber suits, odd dressers, chiffoniers, toilet tables, 
 wardrobes and liall racks, made in quartered oak, mahogany, birdseye maple and Cir- 
 cassian walnut, whieii has impressed the trade favorably, and has met with unbounded 
 success, 'llic t.Miitory covered embraces New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland and the 
 entire South. 
 
 L'US 
 
SILAS M. tLElSCIIER 
 
 209 
 
SHIPMENT OF A CARGO OF SEA MOSS 
 
 V. W. WINCHESTER 
 
 Manufacturer and Jobber of 
 
 Excelsior, Upholstering and Bedding Supplies 
 
 517 SOUTH SHARP STREET 
 
 This business was originally established in 1835 by Harman Classen, and subse- 
 quently the firm became H. Classen & Son, with the admission of Benjamin H. and 
 f'rederick W. Classen; they were widely known as purveyors of forage for the Govern- 
 ment. Mr. Frederick W. Classen died in 1887, and Mr. Harman died in 1889. Mr. 
 Benjamin Classen retired in 1899. The business was then succeeded by the present 
 member, Mr. V. W. Winchester. By strict integrity and up-to-date clean business 
 methods, abreast of the times, he has expanded the business to a very large area, par- 
 ticularly so of the class of goods of which he has made a specialty, one of which is the 
 producing of sea moss, for which extensive grounds are required for the curing process. 
 Six sailing boats are used and twenty-five men employed in getting this moss ready 
 for market. This product is shipped all over the coiuitry, and is well known by the 
 upliolstering trade. 
 
 Another specialty is the distribution of Excelsior, representing the Maryland Ex- 
 celsior Mills, also having exclusive control of some of the largest Southern and the best 
 of the Eastern mills, making Baltimore known widely as a great distributing point on 
 this commodity. Another article of which enormous quantities are handled is the 
 packing and shipment of Salt Hay, amounting to several thousand tons annually. 
 
 Tlie very best goods of each class which are used by the upliolstering trade, sucli 
 as Tow, Louisiana Moss, African, American and Cocoanut Fiber, Husk, Cotton Felts, 
 Kapok, in fact, nearly every filling material that enters into the manufacture of bedding 
 and upholstered furniture. 
 
 Office and salesrooms, 517 Sharp Street; warehouse along the B. & (). railroad 
 track, I'.altimore, Md. 
 
 210 
 
DR. SYDNEY M. CONE. 
 
 Son of Herman and Helen Guggenheimer Cone, was born in Jonesboro, Tenn., on the 16th 
 day of November, 1869. He was educated in the public schools of Baltimore, Baltimore City 
 College, Marston's Preparatory School, Johns Hopkins University and University of Pennsyl- 
 vania, and at Heidelberg and Strassburg, receiving his A.B. at Johns Hopkins and his M.D. at 
 the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Cone began the practice of medicine in Baltimore in the 
 year 1895, and has been associated with the stafl' of Johns Hopkins University and Hospital 
 (1894-1899) and the Baltimore Medical College 1899 till the present time, trustee on the 
 Board of Baltimore Hebrew Congregation and a member of Medical Fraternity, the Suburban 
 Club, Harmony Circle, Junior Assembly and Johns Hopkins Club. Dr. Cone has written 
 articles on the following subjects: "Relation of Bone Pathology to General Pathology," 
 "Tendon Transplantation," "Carcinoma in Bone with Metastasis to the Prostrate," and other 
 subjects published in the Johns Hopkins Bulletin and American Journal of Orthopedic 
 Surgery. On August 18, 1903, Dr. Cone married Miss Bessie Skutch and has two children, 
 Sidney M., Jr., and Max Skutch Cone. 
 
 SOLOMON GINSBERG. 
 
 Son of Joseph and Passe Ginsberg, was born June 16, 1868, at Linkova, Russia. He was 
 educated in the public schools of Russia, and in 1891 started in the clothing business in Balti- 
 more. Mr. Ginsberg was elected the first president of the United Hebrew Charities in 1907, 
 and is prominently connected with the Merchants' Building and Loan Association, the Elks 
 and the Knights of Pythias, and is a member of Dr. Schaffer's McCuUoh Street Congregation. 
 He is also a member of the Merchants' and Manufacturers' Association, an officer of the 
 Travelers' and Merchants' Association and the Credit Men's Association of Baltimore City. 
 On June 1, 1893, Mr. Ginsberg married Miss Holen Soble and has three children, .Joseph, Leon 
 and Gyton. Mr. Ginsberg finds much recreation in opera and tragedy, and believes that 
 success in life comes from honesty and the fulfilling of a religious life. 
 
 MEYER B. GOLDSMITH. 
 
 Son of Simon and Regina Goldsmith, was born in Baltimore City on the 24th day of 
 July, 1862. He was educated in the publie schools of Baltimore and started his business 
 career as a bookkeeper, and is now engaged with his brother in the wholesale custom tailoring 
 business, trading under the name of the Monumental Custom Tailoring Co. Mr. Goldsmith 
 Is connected with the Madison Avenue Temple, an original member of the Suburban Club, 
 director and chairman of Finance Committee of the Hebrew Friendship Cemetery Co. Mr. 
 Goldsmith is associated with his brother and others as directors in the Quality Tailoring Co., 
 Lester Tailoring Co. and Liberty Tailoring Co., all separate and distinct business organiza- 
 tions. On April 23, 1890, Mr. Goldsmith married Miss Theresa Fellheimer, daughter of the 
 late Mark H. and Henrietta Fellheimer, of Hagerstown, Md. One son, Sidney M. Goldsmith, 
 composes the remainder of the family. 
 
 DANIEL A. WEINBERG 
 
 Son of Abraham and Regina Weinberg, was born in Baltimore City April 11, 1871. His 
 father was a live-stock broker and was noted for his honesty and faithfulness. He was 
 educated in the public school and the City College of Baltimore and began active work in a 
 broker's office, and is now a member of the firm of Siegel, Rothschild & Co. On February 28, 
 1899, Daniel A. Weinberg married Miss Lena Baer and has had two children, both living. 
 
 211 
 
THE RELIABLE FURNITURE 
 MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Medium and High Grade Furniture 
 
 OFFICES 
 
 303 AND 305 PRESIDENT STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 
 FACTORY OF THE RELIABLE FURNITURE MFG. CO. 
 
 The Reliable Furniture Manufacturing Company was established in 1889 as a stock 
 company, with J. Geo. Mohlhenrich president and Mr. Geo. G. IMohlhenrich secretary, 
 at President and Fawn Streets, where it maintains an immense factory, equipped with 
 every facility for tlie furniture manufacturing business. It has warehouses on President 
 Street and Canton Avenue and at 909-911 East Pratt Street, with offices at 303 and 
 305 President Street. This company manufactures a complete line of buffets, side- 
 boards, china closets, dressers and chiffoniers, and has a lioor space capacity of 30,000 
 square feet. Its business extends over the United States, and besides its local show 
 stores it maintains exhibits at the New York Furniture Exchange, New York City; 
 Neillsville, Wis., and Manufacturers' Exhibition Building, Chicago, 111. The Reliable 
 Furniture Manufacturing Company manufactures and sells medium and high-grade 
 furniture, and its line stands high in llic <ii)ini(m of exjiert furniture buyers. 
 
 212 
 
213 
 
AMERICAN MIRROR WORKS 
 
 Manufacturers of Plain and Beveled Plate Looking 
 
 Glasses 
 
 CANTON AVENUE AND PRESIDENT STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The American Mirror Works of Baltimore City 
 is a stock company, incorporated (1907) imder the 
 Laws of the State cS Maryland for the purpose of 
 manufacturing Beveled and Silvered Glass and 
 making a specialty of Grinding and Polishing 
 Edges, Mitering and Resilvering Old Mirrors. 
 
 The officers and directors of the company are as 
 follows : 
 
 Chas. H. Miller. . President and General Manager 
 
 John B. Snell \' ice-President 
 
 Thos. p. Kelly Secretary and Treasurer 
 
 F. A. Broadben'T. .Pres. F. A.Broadbent Mantel Co. 
 Thos. G. BoGGS. . . . Sec'y Merchants it Mfrs. .\ssti. 
 J. Geo. MoHLHENRiCH..Pres. Reliable Furniture Co. 
 John J. Kelly. . . Pres National Bldg. Supply Co. 
 W. H. Meekins Foreman Stieff Piano Co. 
 
 Mr. Chas. H. Miller, the President and General 
 Manager of the company, is a practical Mirror man, 
 who has been actively engaged in the manufacture 
 of Mirrors for the past ten years, giving his personal 
 
 attention to the processes the glass passes through. He has paid special attention to the Intricate 
 
 Silvering process, using his own solutions and having them applied under his own supervision always. 
 
 Mr. John B. Snell, the Vice-President of the com- 
 pany, was formerly Secretary and General Manager 
 
 of the American Mirror Works, of Butler, Pa., and 
 
 is a thoroughly expert Mirror man. 
 
 Mr. Thos. P. Kelly, the Secretary and Treasurer 
 
 of the company, is also the Treasurer of the F. A. 
 
 Broadbent ilantle Co., and an energetic and prac- 
 tical business man. 
 
 The American Mirror Works, of Baltimore City, 
 
 is located at the southwest corner of Canton Averiue 
 
 and President Street, and is fully equipped with 
 
 modern Glass-Beveling machinery, Electric motors 
 
 being used as motive power. 
 
 The workmen are expert gla.ss workers and 
 
 thoroughly understand the work required of them, 
 
 and are in charge of an experienced foreman, who is 
 
 an all-around man, having studied the business 
 
 thoroughly, including the care of the machinery, 
 
 which is very important. 
 
 The capacity of the plant at the present time is 
 
 2,500 square feet of glass per daj- or, approximately, 
 
 $175,000 annually, with a reserve equipment, not 
 
 set up, callable of incieasing this amount 25 per cent. The excellent trausportatiun facilities affor.led 
 
 by rail and water make the American Mirror Works of Baltimore City a competitor in the northern 
 
 trade, extending as far north as Boston, Mas.s.. 
 and west to Pittsburg, Pa., or right into and through 
 the great glass manufacturing district of Penn- 
 sylvania. 
 
 The superiority of the product of the American 
 Mirror Works of "Baltimore City is caused by 
 
 (a) Expert workmanship, 
 
 (6) Prompt attention and excellent transport:i- 
 
 tion facilities. 
 
 (r) The quality of the French Polish Plate that 
 
 is used exclusively in their Mirrors. 
 
 This Glass is superior in every respect to the 
 Domestic or American Plate Glass. 
 
 The American Mirror Works of Baltimore City 
 imi)orts this French Glass direct from Belgium, 
 in ever-increasing semi-monthl.v imports, thus 
 eliminating the middle man's profit and permitting 
 the marketing of High Grade Mirrors at moderate 
 prices. 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 |jB 
 
 
 
 Mfm 
 
 :^J^' /»? 
 
 
 
 
 ^^Hl|^^^^ 
 
 1 
 
 ir'*^--~ 
 
 
 214 
 
AUGUSTUS CAESAR BINSWANGER. 
 
 Augustus Caesar Binswanger, of the Baltimore bar, corporation and commercial lawyer, 
 was born in the city of Baltimore, April 19, 1875, son of Simon and Sarah (Pina) Binswanger, 
 and comes of German and English ancestors. His earlier literary education was acquired 
 in public schools and Baltimore City College, and his higher education at Johns Hopkins 
 University, where he was graduated artium baccalaureus in 1896. He Avas educated for the 
 profession of law in the law department of the University of Maryland, graduating from there 
 legum baccalaureus in 1899. While making the law school course he was a student in the 
 office of Mr. Martin Lehmayer, and at the same time tutored matriculants for Johns Hopkins 
 University. In June, 1899, Mr. Binswanger began active law practice in Baltimore ; and while 
 his practice has been general, he inclines to cases involving questions of commercial and cor- 
 poration law. He has attained an excellent standing in the profession, and as an advocate 
 at the bar and public speaker has upheld the reputation gained while a student at Baltimore 
 City College, where in 1893 he won the Wight medal for elocution. At the law school in 
 1899 he was associate editor for the University annual, "Bones, Molars and Briefs." 
 
 During the years 1900-02 Mr. Binswanger was prominently connected with the litigation 
 and settlement of the cases involving new questions of stockholders' liability growing out of 
 the failure of the South Baltimore Bank, and also with similar cases which occupied the 
 attention of the courts from 1903 to 1906, arising from the failure of the City Trust and 
 Banking Company. These cases attracted unusual attention in professional and court circles 
 because of the peculiar questions of stockholders' liability at issue, the considerable amounts 
 and numerous individual interests at hazard, and in their ultimate determination the Court 
 of Appeals of Maryland established new precedents. 
 
 In 1903 Mr. Binswanger published his "Married Women in Maryland — Property and Con- 
 tractual Rights," a work which has been well received by the legal profession." 
 
 In 1907 Mr. Binswanger was elected to the First Branch City Council of Baltimore, from 
 the Fourteenth Ward, defeating Mr. Bushrod M. Watts. 
 
 He is a member of the Maryland State Bar Association. Bar Association of Baltimore 
 City, Johns Hopkins Club, Johns Hopkins Alumni Association, Baltimore City College 
 Alumni, Union League of Maryland, Phoenix Club, Clover Club, Suburban Club of Baltimore 
 County, Journalists Club, Baltimore Chess Asociation and various charitable, social and 
 fraternal organizations. 
 
 DR. LEE COHEN. 
 
 Son of Joseph and Elise Kirshbaum Cohen, was born in Halifax, N. C, on 13th day of 
 December, 1873. He was educated in the public schools of North Carolina, the University of 
 North Carolina and the University of Maryland, from which he graduated in 1895. At the 
 age of sixteen Lee went to New York City, where he remained two years, working during 
 the day and attending night school. In 1892 he went back to his native State and continued 
 his studies as above indicated. Dr. Cohen was connected with the Bay View Hospital as 
 resident physician from May, 1895, to June, 1899. He studied in European universities, 
 Berlin, Prague and Vienna, from June, 1899, to August, 1900. Now consulting rhinologist and 
 laryngologist to the Hebrew Hospital and oculist and aurist to Bay View Hospital. Dr. 
 Cohen gives as the secret of his success, "That personality and tact count for much in the 
 beginning of one's career, and that ability and honesty are essential to maintain any position 
 attained." These, along with earnestness of purpose, go far toward making a man successful 
 in his life's work, and in regard to his own special career he says: "My rearing in a country 
 town, where I practically lived in the open, free to act and without evil influences, until 
 my sixteenth year made me the healthy, strong fellow that I am — which state I believe to be 
 absolutely essential to the development of personal ambition." On the 16th day of January, 
 1901, Dr. Cohen married Miss Lillian Rice and has two daughters living. 
 
 215 
 
M. PIMES & COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers or 
 
 Parlor Furniture, Lounges and Couches 
 
 300-314 FRONT ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Baltimore stands prominently among the great cities of the United States as a 
 centre of furniture manufacture. The abundance of high-class labor obtainable in the 
 city and its excellent situation as a distributing centre has rendered it a desirable 
 point for this industry. There are a number of large flourishing plants engaged in 
 this line of manufacture in Baltimore, and among them is the enterprising and pro- 
 gressive manufacturing firm of M. Pimes & Co. This is one of the old established plants 
 of the city, liaving liccii founded over a quarter of a century ago by the present pro- 
 
 prietor, Mr. Maurice Pimes. The olTices aiul salesrooms are located at 300-314 Front 
 Street, on site of Old Front Street Theatre. The factory and mill are run by steam 
 power and equipped with the most modern pattern of wood-working machinery and all 
 devices that expedite and perfect production. The firm are manufacturers of upholstered 
 furniture, making all the frames used in their factory. They carry a large stock of 
 furniture of the newest and most popular type. The factory gives employment to 125 
 experienced hands and the output is very large. Nine or ten salesmen are on tlie road 
 and a large and growing business is done, mostly east of the Oliio River. 
 
MAURICE PIMES 
 
 DAVID PIMES 
 WILLIAM PIMES 
 
 ISAAC PIMES 
 
 217 
 
GEORGE CHIPMAN & SON 
 
 Chair Manufacturers 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 ' 'i* . j-iil 
 
 
 ilnn'Jintoiipife 
 
 .3 
 
 
 The old house of George Chipman & Son was established 1865, by Horace Magne 
 and George Chipman, under the style of Magne & Chipman. ]\Ir. Magne had previously 
 been a large manufacturer of cedar ware and ]\Tr. Chipman the pioneer broom manu- 
 facturer and an extensive dealer in Avoodenware in Baltimore City. 
 
 Horace Magne retired from the firm of Magne & Chipman in 1877 and Mr. Chipman 
 continued the business under the firm name of George ( hipman & Son. introducing into 
 the firm his son, Henry C. Chipman. Mr. George Chipman died in 1882, since which 
 time the business has been conducted by Henry C. Chipman. 
 
 George Chipman & Son are chair maiuifacturers, conducting a large, well-equipped 
 factory at Boston Street and Atlantic Avenue, with a frontage of 315 feet on Boston 
 Street, which was built and has been in continuous operation since 1871. 
 
 Connected with the plant is an ample saw-mill for manufacturing the lumber usetl 
 in their business from log timber specially cut and rafted from Soutliern forests to 
 their own wharf. This firm manufactures exclusively for jobbers and dealers througli- 
 out Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Virginia, \Yest Virginia and North and South 
 Carolina. 
 
 George Chipman & Son cmiiloy 125 operatives and are represented in the field by 
 six traveling men. 
 
 _'LS 
 
ISAAC DAVIDSON 
 
 219 
 
POLLACK'S 
 
 ISAAC DAVIDSON WILLIAM B. FALLON 
 Proprietors 
 
 Furniture, Upholstering, Rugs, Mattresses 
 and Bedding 
 
 NORTHEAST CORNER OF 
 
 HOWARD AND SARATOGA STREETS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This old-established house was founded in 1846 by Abram Pollack, who came to 
 this country from Prussia in that year. Mr. Abram Pollack served in the Prussian 
 Army, and for efficient services was offered advancement as officer if he would change 
 his faith. This he refused to do, resigned from the army and learned the trade of 
 upholstering and mattress-making. His first establishment in Baltimore was on 
 Howard Street, in the block between Mulberry and Franklin .Streets. In 1847 he moved 
 to what was, under the old numbering system, No. 96, and now 315 North Howard 
 Street, at w^hich location the firm remained for sixty-two years, or until March 1st, 
 current year (1909), at which time it moved to the magnificent new building at tlie 
 northeast corner of Howard and Saratoga Streets. 
 
 Uriah A. Pollack, son of Abram Pollack, grew up in the business, and in 18G4 
 assumed charge vmder his own name. In 1875 a new building was erected and the furni- 
 ture line was added. In 1884 Mr. Isaac Davidson, a son-in-law, entered the business 
 and was associated with the firm until 1897, at which time Mr. Pollack died. ^Ir. 
 Davidson then assumed the business and took into partnership Mr. Wm. B. Fallon, 
 who had been connected with the house for twelve years previous. The firm name, how- 
 ever, was not changed. In addition to the large and handsome building occupied by the 
 firm as showrooms and warehouse, extensive workshops are operated at 313, 315 and 
 317 Tyson Street,, which employ a large corps of upholsterers, mattress-makers, cabinet- 
 makers, flnisli6J"S; and other pertinent artisans. The firm has been most successful and 
 handles much large institution work and fulfilled a great number of important con- 
 tracts, such as the Naval Academy at Annapolis. Md., and in 1907 partly refurnished 
 the new Custom House at Baltimore. The reputation of the "House of Pollack's" for 
 honesty, reliability and high-class wares is widely recognized and firmly establislied. 
 In fact, the name of '"Pollack's" in Baltimore is synonymous with all that excellence, 
 superiority and integrity implies. 
 
pollack's furniture house 
 baltimore, md. 
 
 221 
 
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 GETZEL LEVENSON 
 
 223 
 
JOHN DUER & SONS 
 
 The Oldest Cabinet Hardware House in the United States 
 
 was founded in 1839 and now is situated at 36 and 38 South Charles Street, wliere is 
 carried an unsurpassed stock of cabinet liardware and upholstery goods. Correspond- 
 ence solicited and catalogues on application. 
 
 ■224 
 
I. SON COHEN. 
 
 Son of Mark and Elizabeth Son Cohen, was born at Staten Island, N. Y., on August 13, 
 1869. He was educated in the public schools of Hamilton and Toronto, Canada, and at the 
 age of sixteen was in the employ of the Nordheimer House In Canada, and is at present 
 proprietor of the musical concern of Cohen & Hughes, prior to which time he was connected 
 with the late well-known house of Otto Sutro & Co. He is a member of the Har Sinai 
 Temple, and is also a member of the Suburban Club. Mr. Cohen counts the secret of his 
 success to be hard work and never do to-morrow what can be done to-day. In 1892 Mr. 
 Cohen married Miss Lottie A. Ansell and has two children living, Evelyn and Elizabeth. 
 
 COL. ISRAEL ROSENFELD. 
 
 Son of Moses and Henrietta Neufeld Rosenfeld, was born in Baltimore City, October 8, 
 1853. Was educated in the public schools of Baltimore City and started in business April 
 10, 1867, in retail clothing business, and is now a firm member of the New York Clothing 
 House, located 102-104 East Baltimore Street. Mr. Rosenfeld is a member of the Masonic 
 Order, as well as of the Elks and the Phoenix and Suburban Clubs, and was colonel on the 
 staff of Gov. John Walter Smith. He is associated with the Madison Avenue Congregation 
 and is a prominent figure in all public movements. On July 17, 1877, Mr. Rosenfeld was 
 married to ]Miss Rebecca Stern and has three children living, Merrill ]\I., Bernard S. and 
 Etta P. 
 
 MAX SKUTCH. 
 
 Son of Seligman & Zerline (Hauser) Skutch, was born in Kriegshaben by Augsburg, 
 Bavaria, on October 10, 1850. Mr. Skutch was educated in the schools in Munich. His 
 business career began very early in life, taking the shape of bookkeeping and general office 
 work. ]\Ir. Skutch is now a member of the firm of Henry Sonneborn & Co. He is a member of 
 quite a number of social and fraternal organizations, and a member of the McCulloh Street 
 Temple. Mr. Skutch counts hard work and reasonable economy as important factors in the 
 achievement of success in life. On May 1, 1877, Mr. Skutch married Miss Fannie Frank and 
 has two children. 
 
 JOSEPH CASTELBERG. 
 
 Son of Jacob and Emma Rodberg Castelberg, was born in Baltimore City November 26, 
 1863. He attended the public schools of Baltimore and graduated from the Baltimore City 
 College. He began active business work in 1878, and is now connected with the firm known 
 as the National Jewelry Company, located at 106 North Eutaw Street. Mr. Castelberg is a 
 member of the Ala sonic Order and the Suburban Club, and attends the Oheb Shalom Temple. 
 Mr. Castelberg married Miss Nellie Adler in 1901 and has had three children, two of whom 
 are living. 
 
 RALPH GOLDMAN 
 
 Son of Louis and Anna Goldman, was born in Baltimore City May 17, 1865, receiving his 
 education in the public schools and City College of Baltimore. He began his business career 
 as office boy at the age of thirteen. Mr. Goldman was for twelve years with H. & E. Hartman & 
 Co., four years with Nusbaum & Meyers and twelve years with Baltimore Bargain House. 
 In 1908 he became proprietor of The Kaiser Restaurant. He is a member of the Royal 
 Arcanum and the B. P. O. E. No. 7. On November 28, 1906, Mr. Goldman married Mrs. Ida 
 Francis Detering Emmerich. 
 
 225 
 
LAPSLEY & BROTHER CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of Window Shades and Dealers 
 in Lace and Tapestry Curtains 
 
 Curtain, Draperies and 
 Upholstery Brass Goods 
 
 24 HOPKINS PLACE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This house was established in 1878 by W. H. Barrieklo, of Xew York. Later Mr. 
 F. H. Lapsley became a member of the firm, trading under the name of Barrieklo & 
 Lapsley, and afterwards as F. H. Lapsley. Still later the title was changed to F. H. 
 Lapsley & Bro., and it now is known as the Lapsley & Bro. Co., of which Frederick 
 Schoenherr is president and treasurer and Harry B. King secretary. The original loca- 
 tion of this business was at 22 German Street, tlien to 12 South Charles Street, then 
 to 724 West Baltimore Street, then to Baltimore and Howard Sreets and now occui)ies 
 the magnificent warehouse at 24 Hopkins Place, in the very heart of Baltimore's com- 
 mercial district. Lapsley & Bro. Co. are dealers in window shades, lace and tapestry 
 curtains, draperies and upholstery brass goods, being the largest house of its kind in 
 Baltimore. This house also is agent for R. H. Comney Co.. also Lace Curtain !Mills, 
 and its trade extends over the entire South, being represented in this territory by eight 
 traveling salesmen. The business of Lapsley & Bro. Co. has been built up by methods 
 of perfect integrity and unflagging enter])rise, one of its chief aims being to attract to 
 Baltimore tlie great Southern trade which naturally belongs to it. 
 
 li^G 
 
JOSEPH CASTELBERG 
 
 % 
 
 U"^ 
 
 aALTinoMC. 
 
 227 
 
RASCH & GAINOR 
 
 Manufacturers of Window Shades and Dealers 
 
 in Upholstery Goods, Lace Curtains 
 
 and Portieres 
 
 34 S. HANOVER ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 WINDOW SHADES. 
 
 The Hnii of l\asc-h & Gainor was es- 
 tablislicl .Jaiiuaiy 1, 1901. by W. G. 
 Kascli and H. B. Gainor. On January 
 1, 1907, C. S. Wolf and M. A. Crown 
 became members of tlie tirni. The orig- 
 inal and i)re.sent location of this firm 
 is at 34 Soutli Hanover Street, the 
 original building liaving been destroyed 
 in tlie great tire of 1904, which forced 
 the firm to take temporary quarters 
 pending the erection of tlie magnificent 
 five-story warehouse now occupied by 
 tlu'iii. Kascli &. (iainor are wholesale 
 manufacturers of window shades and 
 carry a general line of upholstery 
 goods, lace cuitains ami portieres. Tliis 
 firm is e(piipi)e(I and lias facilities for 
 handling any amount of business, and 
 its trade extends from Pennsylvania, 
 Maryland and \\'est \'ii-ginia to and 
 tliiougliout the entire South, being 
 represented in tlie various States by an 
 erticient cor])s of traveling salesmen. 
 
 Tlie liusiness of Rasch &. Gainor has 
 been I)uilt up on metliods of the strict- 
 est integrity, combined with the broad- 
 est enter|)risc. Tliat its policy lias 
 found favor is evidenced by the large 
 increase of its business during eacli 
 year since the establishment of the 
 111 III. 
 
DR. SAMUEL WOLMAN 
 
 Son of Morris and Yetta (Wachsn;an) Wolnian, was born in Nashelsk, Russian Poland, 
 on June 17, 1880. His father is of stubborn and argumentative, but kindly nature. Samuel 
 Wolman was educated in the public schools of Baltimore, the Baltimore City College and 
 Johns Hopkins University, receiving from the last institution his degree of A.B. in 1902 and 
 M.D. in 1906. He began the practise of medicine immediately and was made assistant in 
 medicine at the Johns Hopkins Medical School. In 1909 he was promoted to the rank of 
 instructor in medicine. He is also in charge of the clinical division of the Phipps Dispensary 
 for Tuberculosis of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Dr. Wolman has written several important 
 papers on tuberculosis, and is a student of scientific investigation of this disease. He is a 
 director of the Hebrew Benevolent Society. Huxley is his favorite author. His favorite 
 maxim (if he were inclined to preach) would be: "There is good in all and none all good." 
 Life's success, from Dr. Wolman's viewpoint, depends upon accident and ability. Dr. Wolman 
 is unmarried. 
 
 LEWIS A. GOLDSTROM 
 
 Son of Abraham and Rachel Goldstrom, was born in Baltimore September 14, 1859, was 
 educated in public schools, started life as errand-boy, was clerk for S. Kann Sons & Co. from 
 1874 to 1880, then with A. C4oldstrom & Son until 1889, then with the predecessors of Gold- 
 strom Bros., of which firm he is now a member. Mr. Goldstrom is a member of the Baltimore 
 Hebrew Congregation, and also a member of the Heptasoplis and the Clover Club. On August 
 30, 1892, Mr. Goldstrom married Miss Rose Rich and has three daughters, Mrs. Myra Harris 
 and Hortense and Gertrude Gr.ldstroni. 
 
 EPHRAIM MACHT 
 
 Mr. Maeht was born in Russia and began active life aljovit 28 years ago as a workman and 
 laborer. Later he engaged in the real estate business, and to-day ranks among the leading 
 factors in real estate lines in Baltimore City. Mr. Macht is married and has three children, 
 Rebecca, Sarah and Morris Macht. 
 
 REV. HERMAN GLASS 
 
 Son of Abiaham and Rebecca Glass, was born in Sohran, Germany, on the 24th day of 
 January, 1852. He attended the German gymnasium for seven years. Owing to poverty he 
 was unable to finish his education as he desired. From 1871 to 1874 Rev. Glass was a teacher 
 in private schools and later he became a cantor, being connected from 1874 to 1876 with the 
 Jewish Congregation in Westphalia and from 1876 to 1878 was cantor in Solingen Rhineland 
 and from 1878 to tlie pending time with Chizuk Emunah Congregation in Baltimore. Rev. 
 Glass is connected with the Royal Arcanum and is also a member of the Loyal Association. 
 He is a great student of German classics and the Talmud and is a great lover of music, having 
 written several musical compositions. Rev. Glass believes that the first duty in the life of 
 men is to learn to depend upon themselves and to trust in God and nut in human beings. 
 On July 25, 1880, Rev. Glass was married to Miss Rachel Fried and has had six children, 
 four of whom are living. 
 
 ABRAM G. HUTZLER 
 
 Son of Moses and Caroline (Neuberger) Hutzler, was born March 12, 1836, at Hagenbach, 
 Bavaria. He attended the public schools of Baltimore until his fourteenth year, when he 
 began clerking. Mr. Hutzler is president of the firm of Hutzler Bros. He is a member of the 
 Merchants, Phoenix and Suburban Clubs. Mr. Hutzler has not been married. 
 
 229 
 
W. E. ARNOLD 
 COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers and 
 Importers of 
 
 Window Shades, Trunks, 
 Bags, Etc. 
 
 and Dealers in 
 
 Upholstery Goods, Brass Goods, 
 
 Curtain Poles, Lace Curtains, 
 
 Portieres and Draperies 
 
 28-30 S. HOWARD STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was established January 
 1. 1874, bj' ■\Villiam E. Arnold and 
 Joseph W. Marshall, under the firm 
 u'lme of Arnold, Marshall & Company. 
 Later Mr. Marshall retired from the 
 liusiness and Mr. Arnold continued un- 
 der the name of AY. E. Arnold & Com- 
 pany, which was continued by him until 
 his death in August, 1904, when it wa.? 
 incorporated as W. E. Arnold Company, 
 <jf which J. A. Arnold was elected Presi- 
 dent, W. A. Delahay, Vice-President, 
 K. A. Nice, Secretary, and Joshua 
 Thomas, Treasurer. The first location 
 was at 57 North Street, next 121 Light 
 Street, ne.xt 20 and 22 South Charles 
 Street, which places were destroyed by 
 the great fire of 1904. They then moved 
 to 406 South Eutaw Street and as soon 
 as a building could be erected for them 
 near their old site, they returned to 21 
 South Charles Street. They have lately 
 moved into larger and more commodious 
 quarters at 28 and 30 South Howarrl 
 Street. W. E. Arnold Company are 
 dealers in Window Shades, L'pholstery, 
 Brass Goods, Lace and Tapestry Cur- 
 tains, Draperies, Trunks, Satchels, etc., 
 t heir trade extending over Pennsylvania, 
 I 'flaware, Maryland, AVest A'irginia, and 
 i!ie Southern States. They maintain 
 r\ory facility for the prompt filling of 
 orders, having a full force of trained 
 hanils and all the latest improved ma- 
 chinery, run by electric motors, coupled 
 with an extensive stock, and the same 
 careful attention is given the small as 
 well as the larger orders. 
 
 23U 
 
ELIAS NATHAN RABINOWITZ 
 
 Jrr^-^ 
 
 8ALT1M0RE. 
 
 231 
 
ORIENTAL RUG CO. 
 CATHEDRAL AND CHASE STREETS. BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 W.Ms csl.-ililislKMl ill lS!»f) by Mr. C. 
 Kr;if1. and has lii-cn lately . incoriiorateil, 
 and for tlie past eleven years has. con- 
 (liictcil linsiiiess in one of tlie best cquii)pe(l 
 Iilants south of New Yoi;k. having all faeil- 
 ities ami nioilern inacliinery for handling 
 lontfacts of every size. Situated at lliil- 
 llO:', Cathedral Street, eorner of Chase 
 Street. The business of this company qk- 
 tends not only through the immediate local 
 territory, but throughout the entire South, 
 making a specialty of weaving handsome, 
 serviceable rugs from old carpets and 
 cleaning, storing and refitting and re- 
 laying cariiets generally. Most of the 
 machinery of this plant has been designed 
 liy Mr. Kraft, and constructed directly 
 under his supervision. The character of 
 tlie work done may be inferred from the 
 following selecti^d list of well-known insti- 
 tutions and individuals whose work is 
 handled by the Oriental Rug Company, 
 viz. : 
 
 Woman's College; Eutaw House; Mr. 
 Joseiih Condon, I'erryville, Md. ; Mr. Rob- 
 ert Tait, Norfolk, Va, ; Mr. Richards, 
 
 Toughkenaman, I'a. ; Mr. Elliott, Norfolk. Va. ; Sheppard & Enoch Pratt Hospital; House of the Aged; 
 
 Doctor MacCormick ; Mr. Owings, Mt. Washington; Mr. Whitely. Catonsville. Md., and hundreds of 
 
 others. 
 
 The Oriental Rug Company has always aimed to give satisfactory service and high-class work, and 
 
 that their aim has been realized is attested by the constant increase of business which comes to this 
 
 compan.v. 
 
 Tlieir large four-stor.v building contains 14.000 square feet of floor surface. Tlie class of work 
 
 turned out by the Oriental Rug Company has always been greatly admired for its beauty and durabilit.v. 
 
 MONITOR STEAM GENERATOR MANUFACTURING CO. 
 212 WEST FAYETTE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Duiiiig the long years of its estal)lishmeiit in Balti- 
 nioie tlie local branch of the Monitor Steam Generator 
 Mannfacturing Co., of Landisville. Pa., has built up a 
 most pleasing and satisfactory business, both to the 
 company and to a large number of patrons. The local 
 ollices. situated at 212 West Fayette Street, are un- 
 der the management of Mr. V. .T. Bossier. The eltice 
 and display room are commodious and well arranged, 
 and a large exhibit of the Monitor Steam and Hot 
 Water (Jeiierators is kept constantly on view. The 
 ccmjinny was represented by an agency in Baltimore 
 for fifteen years, after which it came under the direct 
 management rf Mr. Bossier in 1800. ^Ir. Bossier is a 
 native of Philadelphia and has been connected with the 
 comiiaiiy since 1801. Tlie trade of Maryland and otlier 
 Soullieiii States is looked after from the local ollice. 
 The company manufactures and installs the famous 
 Monitor Steam and Hot Water Heating I'lants, and 
 also dues a general business of installing heating 
 pliiU-.. 
 
 A few of the plants installed by the company are: 
 
 Hebrew Orphan As.\ lum 
 George F. K;uieriischniit 
 MoiuiineiituI Brewing Co. 
 A\iu. L. Straus 
 Chloride of Silver Dry ('ell 
 
 Battery C 
 I.ouis Coblens 
 
 Ptiul Seeger 
 
 P'l^ischinann Co. 
 
 ,r. H. Fricdenwald 
 
 Dr. ('has. Cietz 
 
 N. Uulus Gill & Son 
 
 I''r:\nk (iould 
 
 St. B:ntdict's Rtctory 
 
 Jrroine Joycs 
 N. M. Matthews 
 i)r. Iivin Miller 
 i)r. (ieo. Reuling 
 St. Andrews Hall 
 A. N. Bastible 
 United Railways Co. 
 
ACUAM G. IH'TZLKR 
 
 233 
 
THE CONSOLIDATED AMUSEMENT CO. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. ' 
 
 llic Consolidatod Amusement Co. was in- 
 c'orporated ^laicli, 100!). The officers of the 
 f(iiiii)any are: II. A. Fitzjarrell, president; 
 II. A. Lcnj^nick, vice-president and secretary, 
 ;iik1 .f. ('. Burke, treasurer; all prominent 
 litisiness men of Baltimore City. Tliis com- 
 jiany operate moving-picture theaters and are 
 dealers in supplies and pictures, which are 
 extensively sold to other theaters. The Con- 
 xilidated Amusement Co. conduct the mag- 
 nificent moving-picture theater known as 
 "The Blue Mouse," at 28 West Lexington 
 Street, being the only moving-picture theater 
 in the United States equipped with a mirror 
 screen and a pipe organ. Results produced by 
 these two innovations are wonderful. This 
 company show and sell only the highest-class 
 films and its business covers a wide field. 
 
 BATTLESHIP TYPE OF SAFE DEPOSIT VAULT 
 
 The wonderfu Safe Deposit Vault of Tlie Continental Trust Company lias heconie a point of special Interest to visitors 
 to BHitiniore's greatest office buildine:, tlie Continental Buildinir it Baltimore and Calvert Streets. 
 It is of the Battleship tvpe, ti.'j feet sipiare and it feet and 4 inches high. 
 
 This Vault is huilt ol li.n \ . n i/,r,l \h i,. !m., i Ai nior I'lalcs. The joints of the armor phi (e; 
 
 ailditionall.v tight with wedgrnn >-i 1 i|.- .iiiil Lr\ | s so as to be proof against any atta<-k. W'l 
 
 the use of screws or liolts in coiifl i n. nn^^ i li.' ..1,1 ^l > le vaults has been overcome liy this method of 
 
 Guarding the entrani'c to tins vnnll is a eiri'iicar door over seven and a half fiit in ihaiii.'tcr 
 weighing 17 tons. The circular door was aihipted because it is possible t . grind this f.nni of duo 
 or jambs to an ubsoliitely gas-proof joinl, afur the manner of a great valve 
 
 aknes; 
 nialnn 
 Iniilt . 
 
 •(•tailed 
 insepa 
 
 and made 
 able from 
 
 ■s.v\ 
 
LOUIS LEVI. 
 
 Son of Joseph and Babetta Apfel Levi, was born in Baltimore City on the 29th day of 
 December, 1868. He was educated in the public schools and City College of Baltimore City, 
 and graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, of Boston, and studied archi- 
 tecture with the late Charles L. Carson. Mr. Levi is a member of the Phoenix Club, Harmony 
 Circle, Suburban Club, Baltimore Chapter American Institute of Architects, Charcoal Club, 
 Municipal Art Society and treasurer of the Architectural Club of Baltimore City. Among 
 the prominent buildings which Mr. Levi has designed may be mentioned the following: 
 Frank Memorial Hospital, synagogue for Shearith Israel Congregation, six-story building for 
 Burk, Fried & Co., triple warehouse for Messrs. Rosenburg, Burgunder & Hamburger, Hopkins 
 Place; store building on West Baltimore Street for Isidor & Albert W. Rayner, warehouse 
 on West Baltimore Street for William Eichengreen, double warehouse on German Street for 
 Isaac and Samuel W. Weinberg, warehouse on Pratt Street facing new docks for Messrs. G. 
 Gump & Sons, factory building for Messrs. Schloss Brothers & Co., school building for the 
 Talmud Torah Society, playground addition to building for Hebrew Educational Society, and 
 others. In addition to the above buildings, which are situated in Baltimore, may 
 be mentioned the following out-of-town buildings : Synagogue for Adas Israel Hebrew Con- 
 gregation, Sixth and I Streets, N. W., Washington. D. C; synagogue at Lakewood, N. J.; 
 two store buildings in Frederick, Md., one for Messrs. B. Rosenour & Sons, the other for 
 Messrs. Rosenstock Bros.; store building, Washington, D. C, for Mr. J. W. Wheeler, Orange, 
 Mass.; Assembly Hall, library and engine-house, Curtis Bay, Md. Mr. Levi is a member of 
 Chizuk Aniuno Congregation. 
 
 NAPOLEON B. LOBE. 
 
 Son of the late Isaac and Esther Eytinge Lobe, was born in Baltimore City, on the 3d day 
 of October, 1864. He attended the public schools and City College of Baltimore City, and is at 
 present a member of the firm of N. B. Lobe & Co., auctioneers and wholesale carpets and 
 mattings. Mr. Lobe attends the Madison Avenue Temple, and is a member of the Phoenix 
 Club, Union League Club, the Travelers' and Merchants' and the Merchants' and Manufacturers' 
 Associations. On April 10, 1902, Mr. Lobe married Miss Mae F. Burgunder and has two chil- 
 dren, Esther B. and Napoleon B., .Jr. 
 
 MRS. HENNIE (ELI) STROUSE. 
 
 Daughter of Louis Weglein and Phillipena Seliger Weglein, was born in the city of Balti- 
 more. Mrs. Strouse was educated in the public schools of Baltimore and graduated from 
 the Western Female High School. Since 1902 Mrs. Strouse has been secretary 
 of the Board of School Commissioners of Oheb Shalom Congregation and is connected 
 Avith various societies, clubs and national organizations in tlie capacity of national recording 
 secretary, national director, secretary of five societies, and committee chairman, 
 and has written several papers on philanthropic and educational subjects, and is 
 especially energetic in bringing pressure to bear to influence national. State and civil bodies 
 to pass those measures afl'ecting the betterment of home and school. ]Mrs. Strouse is a disciple 
 of optimism and believes in unceasing work and altruistic activity as the greatest aid to 
 human happiness when combined with religious faith and strong individualism. ]\Irs. Strouse's 
 father was a man of great generosity, ambition and fatherly devotion. Mrs. Strouse's grand- 
 father, Joel Seliger, died .July 3, 1892, aged eighty-three years. On April 10, 1883, Mrs. 
 Hennie Strouse became the -wife of Eli Strouse and is the mother of two children, one of whom 
 is living. Mrs. Strouse was the first Baltimore Jewess becoming a member of the Maryland 
 and Baltimore City Woman's Suffrage Associations. She is an ardent advocate of woman's 
 rights. 
 
 235 
 
WOLF COHN 
 
 WOLF COHN 
 
 Ladies^ Tailor 
 
 229 NORTH HOWARD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Cohn is the son of Hynian and Fannie Colin, and was born in Rnssia on the 
 14th day of May, 1874. After a most thorough training Mr. Cohn established his 
 present business as ladies' tailor and modiste in ISOG at 1304 Orleans Street, Baltimore, 
 Md. He subsequently moved to 2133 Madison Avenue and later to 2105 Madison 
 Avenue, and was again forced to move by increase of business to 523 North Howard 
 Street, and is now located at 229 North Howard Street, where he conducts one of the 
 best equipped Ladies' Tailoring establishments in Baltimore. 
 
 Mr. Cohn was educated in a Hebrew School, and began his business career with 
 \\oinl)erg Bros., afterwards with Parryfield Co. and D. Levy & Sons. He is a member 
 of the Royal Arcanum and connected with other beneficial relief organizations. 
 
 Mr. Colin niarried Miss Rachel Safran on December 25, 18i]4, and has eight 
 children livini;. 
 
 2;;() 
 
DAVID HUTZLER 
 
n ann^a 
 n n n n n n 
 
 If II II ff It" 
 
 a a a J "^ ^ i 
 
 H. C. BROWN & COMPANY 
 
 Tlie banking and brokerage house of 
 H. ('. J5row7i & Coiiipany was estab- 
 lished in li)02, by H. Carroll Brown. Mr. 
 Brown later took in as partners Percy 
 H. Goodwin and George Brown, Jr. The 
 offices were originally located at 20 
 South Street, but now occupy the mag- 
 nificent banking lloor in the Calvert 
 Building, equipped with every facility 
 and convenience for the transaction of 
 a general banking and brokerage busi- 
 ne.ss. The firm maintains its own offices 
 in New York at 49 Wall Street, with 
 which it is connected by private wires, 
 and has correspondents in all the prin- 
 cipal cities of the country. 
 
 CHESAPEAKE STEAMSHIP COMPANY 
 
 The Chesapeake Steamship Company has its origin in the Powhattan Steamboat 
 Company, organized in ISfio. which was organized in 1864 as the Baltimore, Chesa- 
 peake and Richmond Steamboat Company of Baltimore City, and which, January 1, 1900, 
 became the Chesapeake Steamship Company, operating two lines, the "York River 
 Line," running between Baltimore and West Point, Va., and the "Chesapeake Line," 
 plying between Baltimore and Old Point Comfort and Norfolk. 
 
 The York River Line connects with the Southern Railway at West Point, thereby 
 affording a gateway to the Old Dominion and points north, west and south. 
 
 The Chesa,peake Line's palatial steamers "Columbia" and "Augusta" afford a 
 means of communication, daily except Sunday, between Baltimore, Old Point Comfort 
 and Norfolk, connecting at latter point with rail lines penetrating to and through the 
 heart of the South. 
 
 General offices. Lisht and Lee Streets, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 THE BALTIMORE STEAM PACKET COMPANY 
 
 Since 1840 tlie elegant steamers of The Baltimore Steam Packet Company, popu- 
 larly known as the "Old Bay Line," have been running between Baltimore and Old 
 Point Comfort, Norfolk and" Portsmouth. The magnificent equipment of this line, 
 coupled with the famous meals which are always served, have earned for it a high 
 reputation with fastidious travelers. It maintains a daily service, leaving Baltimore 
 at G.30 p. M., southbound, and leaves Portsmouth 5. .30 p. M., Norfolk 6.20 P. m.. Old 
 Point Comfort 7. .30 p. ji., northbound. ]\Ir. John P. Sherwood is president and general 
 manager and ^Mr. James E. Byrd general passenger agent, and its Board of Directors 
 are: James A. Blair, New York; S. Davis Warfield, Jialtimore, ^Id. ; Jacob Epstein, 
 Baltimore, Md.; John R. Sherwood, Baltimore, Md. ; Douglas II. Tiiomas, Baltimore, 
 Md.; Wm. B. Hurst, Baltimore, Md. ; John R. Rodgers, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 2;is 
 
SEYMOUR MANDELBAUM 
 
 Son of George W. and Jeannette Mendelbaum, was born in Baltimore City, Jnly 25, 1847. 
 He attended schools in Baltimore and the Virginia High School, Winchester, Va. Mr. Mandel- 
 baum began active business life in 1871 with Henry Sonneborn & Co., with which house he 
 was connected until 1894. Mr. Mandelbaum has retired from mercantile life and is vice- 
 president of Fidelity & Deposit Co. (since its organization) and vice-president of the Mary- 
 land Casualty Co., and chairman of executive committee, since its organization ; director 
 United Railways & Electric Co., and director National Mechanics Bank. He is a Mason 
 (41 years) and member of Staunton Lodge, Virginia. Mr. Mandelbaum attends Oheb Shalom 
 Temple, and his one recommendation to mankind is found in the one word, "Honesty." 
 
 In ;May, 1882, Mr. Mandelbaum married Miss Sarah Sonneborn. 
 
 MAX NUSBAUM 
 
 Son of Leon and Bettie Nusbaum, was born in Norfolk, Va., on the 28th of November, 
 1868. He was educated in the public schools and began business life as an errand-boy, and 
 is at present a member of the firm of Furst Bros. & Co. Mr. Nusbaum is a Mason and a 
 member of the Royal Arcanum and attends Har Sinai Temple. On October 23, 1895, Mr. Nus- 
 baum married Miss Rose Hirshberg, daughter of Moses H. Hirshberg, and has had two chil- 
 dren, Arthur L. and Sophia M., both living. 
 
 DAVID SIEGEL 
 
 Son of Samuel and Ana Siegel, was born in New York, April ,'5, 1860, and attended the 
 primary and grammar schools of New York. Began business life as a clerk in a wholesale 
 hosiery house, was salesman for several years, taking up later the retail business, and is 
 now a member of the firm of Siegel, Rothschild & Co., umbrella manufacturers, in Baltimore 
 City. Mr. Siegel's ideas of the essentials of a successful life is found in "Conscientiousness, 
 close application and a liberal mind." He had made a life study of practical business methods, 
 which he has applied as nearly as possible to his own business. 
 
 Mr. Siegel married Miss Selina Weinberg. December 4, 1888, and has had four children, 
 all living. 
 
 DR. JOSEPH BLUM. 
 
 Son of Gumbrot and Fannie Blum, was born at Maysville, Ky., on the 19th day 
 of March, 1861, was educated in the public schools of Baltimore and graduated from the 
 University of Maryland and Maryland College of Pharmacy, and has received the degrees 
 of Ph.D. and M.D. Dr. Blum began the active work of life as manufacturing chemist for 
 the firm of Sharp & Dohme and later began the practice of medicine. Dr. Blum is consulting 
 Physician, trustee of Eutaw Place Congregation, president Jewish Theological Seminary and 
 trustee Jewish Hospital, and is ex-president of the Hebrew Baltimore Business Men's Associa- 
 tion. On March 9, 1887, Dr. Blum married Miss Hannah Hopheimer and has had three 
 children, all living. 
 
 JACOB S. GOLDSMITH. 
 
 Son of Simon and Regina L. Goldsmith, M'as born in the city of Washington on the 20th 
 day of December, 1860. He was educated in the public schools of Baltimore, and at the 
 present time is associated with his brother, Meyer B. Goldsmith, in the wholesale custom 
 tailoring business, trading under the name of the Monumental Custom Tailoring Company. 
 Mr. Goldsmith is president of tlie Hebrew Friendship Cemetery Co., member of the Phoenix 
 Club, the Suburban Club, the Harmony Circle and the Royal Arcanum, and is a member of 
 the executive committee of the Mount Royal Improvement Association. Mr. Goldsmith is 
 associated with the ^ladison Avenue Temple. On March 3, 1904, he was married to Misa 
 ]\Iabel S. Sdii iiiid lias tlirce children, Simon Albert. Alberta Son and Regina Letitia. 
 
 239 
 
CHARLES F. MENGERS 
 
 15 WEST SARATOGA STREET 
 
 Near Charles Street 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Cliarle.s F. Meiigers, prior to 1897, when he started 
 a merchant tailoring business on liis own aeeount, was 
 cutter for F. Stauf & Sons, than which no merchant 
 tailoring firm ever held a higher rank. Mr. Mengers 
 was originally located at 239 E. German Street, but at 
 present has his establisliment at 15 W. Saratoga Street, 
 wliere he conducts a liigh-class mercliant tailoring estab- 
 lisliment, and numbers among his patrons the foremost 
 citizens of Baltimore. 
 
 L'4(l 
 
LOUIS K. CUTMAX 
 
 jiW ..Lr.MO- 
 
 241 
 
F. M. ARNREICH 
 
 Dealers in Fish, Crab and Game 
 
 14-18 LEXINGTON (FISH) MARKET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 J'or more tlian a quarter of a century Mr. Arnreich. a native of Baltimore, has been 
 engaged in supplying fish, crabs and game to the particular people of Baltimore. Mr. 
 Arnreich entered into business uhen a young man. buying and selling lisli in a small 
 way, till to-day his trade embraces "the best" of Baltimore's family, restaurant and 
 hotel trade. His headquarters. 14-18 Fish ilarket. Lexington iMarket. presents a busy 
 scene each working day during the week, and he and his two sons are kept busy supply- 
 ing family, hotel, restaurant and caf^ trade, which has been built up and maintained 
 l)y methods of strict integrity and luivarying fair dealings during his twenty-live years 
 of liusincss ;(cti\it\-. ■Phcne number. St. I'aul ].")4. 
 
 •2 IJ 
 
MOSES N. FRANK. 
 
 Son of Xison and ]Minna Walter Frank, was born in the city of Baltimore, on the 1st of 
 March, 1853. Echicated in the public schools of Baltimore, Mr. Frank started in the world 
 at the age of thirteen as an errand boy; later went into the wholesale clothing business, 
 which was continued from his twenty-second year to his forty-second year. Mr. Frank was 
 president and vice-president of the Eastern League Baseball Club for seven years. Mr. Frank 
 served in the Second Branch of the City Council from 1899 to 1901, on the Board of Trustees 
 of Oheb Shalom Congregation for three years, director of the Hebrew Benevolent Society 
 (1903-1906), member of the Harmony Circle Board of Governors for thirty years, its president 
 for eight years, member of Board of Governors of Phoenix Club for twenty years, its chair- 
 man of Hoyse Committee for fifteen years, member of Jail Board seven years, and Order of 
 Eagles for ten vears. 
 
 SILAS M. FLEISCHER. 
 
 Son of I'hnanuel and Theresa Fleischer, was boin July 11, 18G0, in tlie citj' of Baltimore, 
 where his father was a merchant. His education was received in the public schools of the 
 city and in Goldsmith's Private School. In 1876 he embarked in the wholesale furnishing 
 business, which has since given place to the wholesale hair business. Mr. Fleischer is a 
 member of the Harmony Circle, also a member of Phoenix Club. Mr. Fleischer is identified 
 with the Oheb Shalom Congregation — on the school board of which he served ten years — 
 attending also the Cliizuk Emunah Synagogue. Integrity, honesty, uprightness of character, 
 Mr. Fleischer regards as no small items in the prosecution of the success he has achieved 
 in life. On November 6, 1900, Mr. Fleischer married Miss Blanche Mohr. He has one child. 
 Miss Theresa M. Fleischer. 
 
 MOSES H. HIRSHBERG 
 
 Son of Henry and ^liriam Allmeyer Hirshberg, was born in the city of Baltimore on the 
 7th day of July, 1845. He was educated in the private schools of Professor Knapp and Dr. 
 Grosser, and began his business career as clerk in his father's business. In 1865 he became 
 connected with the firm of Hirshberg Bros. & Hollander, and since 1879 one of the firm of 
 Hirshberg, Hollander & Co. Mr. Hirshberg has been actively associated with the Federated 
 Charities, the Red Cross Society, the Society for the Protection for the Cruelty to Children, 
 and also is a member of the Royal Arcanum and the Heptasophs. Mr. Hirshberg attends the 
 Har Sinai Temple, and for his life's policy has adopted the Golden Rule, aiming always to 
 be broad and liberal-minded and striving at all times to make his word his bond. Mr. Hirsh- 
 berg married Miss S. Goldsmith on July 11, 1869, and has had four children, viz., Mrs. 
 Emanuel Ullman, Mrs. Max Kusbaum (deceased), Isador Hirshberg and Milton Hirshberg. 
 
 DAVID WIESENFELD 
 
 Son of Moses and Betsy Friedenwald Wiesenfeld, was born in Baltimore City in June, 
 1848, receiving his early education in the local public schools and later attending Morgan's 
 Institute. He began his business life as clerk in the cotton, lumber and export business, after- 
 wards on his own account, and is now secretary of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. 
 Mr. Wiesenfeld was for a number of years director and superintendent of the Baltimore 
 Hebrew Congregation Sunday School, was the first secretary of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum 
 and treasurer and director, respectively, of the Hebrew Benevolent Society. Mr. Wiesenfeld is 
 an Elk, an Eagle, a member of the Jr. 0. U. A. M. and a Scottish Rite Mason of the thirty- 
 third degree. Mr. Wiesenfeld married IMiss Sarah Metzger on May 23, 1871, and has had 
 five children. 
 
 243 
 
.* 
 
 ,.»:. i 
 
 LOUIS STRAUSS 
 
 'if* 
 MOSES STRAUSS 
 
 STRAUSS BROS. 
 
 Importers and Jobbers of Dry Goods 
 
 LOMBARD AND PACA STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This old import- 
 ing and jobbing dry 
 goods firm was es- 
 tablislied in 1855 by 
 Moses, Louis and 
 Abraham Strauss. 
 The three founders 
 of the house died 
 during the years 
 1904 and 1905, since 
 w li i c li time the 
 business lias been 
 conducted by their 
 sons, E ra a n u e 1, 
 Man es, S y d n e y, 
 Jesse, ]\Iyer and 
 Leon Strauss. The 
 founders of this 
 house were born in 
 Bonefeld. Wnrten- 
 berg, but came to 
 this country when 
 quite young and 
 settled in Baltimore. 
 Strauss Bros, occuiiy 
 the two magnificent 
 
 warcliouses at the 
 northwest corner of 
 Lombard and Paca 
 Streets, where is 
 carried one of the 
 most ample stocks 
 of dry goods to be 
 found in Baltimore, 
 in wliich line they 
 are direct importers 
 and jobbers. The 
 territory covered by 
 the business of this 
 house extends 
 t h r 11 g h o u t the 
 South and South- 
 west, being covered 
 regularly by many 
 1 raveling men. The 
 reputation of 
 Strauss Brothers 
 was founded in in- 
 t e g r i t y by the 
 fathers, and is main- 
 tained in honor by 
 the sons. 
 
 AlJKAll.V.M STKAIISS 
 
 -14 
 
245 
 
WILLIAM GARTHE COMPANY 
 
 Slate and Tile Roofers 
 
 MARYLAND AVENUE AND OLIVER STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 £XI'1:RIMEXTAL station, naval ACAI)E-MY, ANNAPOLIS, Ml). 
 
 Among the big industries in Baltimore is tlie Wni. Garthe Co., founded in 1889 by 
 Wm. J. Garthe — father of tlie present head, Mr. Wm. W. Garthe. The father of the 
 founder was a large contractor in the same line in Frankburg, Germany, and the busi- 
 ness has descended from father to son dining tlie past 150 years. 
 
 The first location in Baltimore was at 32 West jSIontgomery Street, then at 1525 
 Maryland Avenue, and at present at Maryland Avenue and Oliver Street, where they 
 have ground space of 100 by 100 feet, and a plant of the same size at West Arlington, 
 Md. Their work is in evidence everywhere throughout the country. Among the con- 
 tracts fulfilled are: 
 
 Oheb Shalom Temple 
 
 Baltimore Hebrew Congregation 
 
 McCulloh Street Synagogue 
 
 Bryn Mawr College, Baltimore 
 
 St. Paul Reformed Church, Baltimore 
 
 Safe Deposit & Trust Co. 
 
 Company Barracks, Fort Howard, Md. 
 
 Enoch Pratt Library No. 12 
 
 College and Administration Building 
 
 Boys' School, Locli Raven 
 
 St. John's College, Annapolis, ]Md. 
 
 U.S. — General Store Bhlg., Annapolis 
 
 U. S. — Hook & Ladder House. Annapolis 
 
 U. S. — Power House, Anna])()lis 
 
 Academy Building. Physical Laburnlnry 
 
 and Library, 3S,000 sq. ft., Annapolis 
 Sewage Pumping Station, Washington; 
 
 45,000 sq. ft. 
 Columbia Avenue Car Barn, Baltimore; 
 
 350,000 sq. ft. — largest roofing conlnut 
 
 ever taken south of New \'ork 
 Barracks, Fortress Monroe, ^'u. 
 
 PoM^er House, Newport News and Hamp- 
 ton, Va. 
 
 Willard Hotel, Washington 
 
 Barnes Hospital, Washington 
 
 Jacob Epstein Residence 
 
 Davis Memorial Hospital, Elkins, W. Va. 
 
 Camden Station, l^altimore 
 
 .Mt. Royal Station, Baltimore 
 
 Associate Reformed Church 
 
 Administration Building, Soldiers' Home, 
 \Vasiiingt(ni. D. C. 
 
 ^It. Royal Pnmjiing Station, Baltimore 
 
 Pratt Street Power House, Baltimore 
 
 Administration Building, ^Maryland Peni- 
 tentiarv 
 
 Springlieid State Hospital, Md. 
 
 ]\t;('itoii Orjjlian Asylum, Md. 
 
 iJallimore Sewerage Pumping Station 
 
 Addilion St. Joseph's Hospital 
 
 J'.eixcdere Hotel, Baltimore 
 
 ( avalry Stables, Fort Meyer. Va. 
 
 W. B. & A., Annapolis .Junction 
 
JAC0I3 S. GOLDSMITH 
 
 Y^' 
 
 t^ 
 
 e«Lir.-ioB£. 
 
 247 
 
FRANK A. KNOWLES & CO., incorporated 
 
 ROOFING AND PIPE COVERING 
 306-308 N. Holiday Street, Md. Washington Office: 612 E. Street, N. Y. 
 
 MARYLAND CASUALTY BLILDING, BALTIMORE, MD., COVERED WITH INLAID SLATE ROOFING 
 
 Our Slag, Inlaid Slate and Composition Roofing are guaranteed for a period of ten years. Should 
 a leak show up during the above period, we repair .same free of charge. 
 
 We also furnish and apply 85 per cent. Magnesia and Asbestos steam pipe and boiler coverings of 
 every description. Also coverings for hot and cold water pipes. Nonpareil cork for brine and ammonia 
 pipes. 
 
 SOME OF THE BUILDINGS ROOFED BY US. 
 
 State Tobacco AVarehouse 24,000 square feet. 
 
 American Label Co 39,000 square feet. 
 
 Maryland Casualty Co 8,400 square feet. 
 
 Horn & Horn Building 2,600 square feet. 
 
 Eastern Female Higli School 26,000 square feet. 
 
 Gardiner Dairy 6,500 square feet. 
 
 Bay View Asylum 25,000 square feet. 
 
 Mutual Chemical Co 88,000 square feet. 
 
 Steam pipes, boilers, etc., covered in the following buildings by us. 
 
 Baltimore & Ohio Office Building. 
 Standard Oil Co. No. 59 School, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 City Hall. Johns Hopkins Hospital. 
 
 Western Female High School. New Hub Building. 
 
 No. 'J School, Baltimore, Md. (Jourt House. 
 
 New Baltimore & Ohio Power House, Locust Point, and many others. 
 
 248 
 
LEWIS PUTZEL 
 
 Son of Selig and Sophie Neuberger Putzel, was born in Baltimore City on December 16, 
 1806. His father, Selig Putzel, was a director of the Hebrew Benevolent Society for more 
 than twenty-five years, and also president of Har Sinai Temple. Lewis Putzel was educated in 
 the public schools (elementary) and City College of Baltimore City, receiving from the latter, 
 in 1885, a Peabody Prize. He graduated from the University of Maryland Law School in 
 1888, being awarded the thesis prize. Since 1888 he has practised his profession and was 
 appointed city attorney in 1896 by Mayor Hooper for two years; was member of commission 
 that framed Baltimore City Charter, 1898; member of House of Delegates 1895, elected to 
 State Senate 1899 and re-elected 1901. Mr. Putzel also was a director of the Reform League. 
 Lewis Putzel married Miss Birdie Rosenberg on June 12, 1899, and has had two children, 
 Edward S. and Margaret, both living. 
 
 ELKAN DREY 
 
 Son of S. and Babette Drey, was born in Heidingsfeld, Germany, January 13, 1831, was 
 educated in the public schools of Germany and afterwards in advanced school for commercial 
 studies. Began his business career in 1846, became a member of the firm of Lewis Lauer & 
 Co. in 1859 and is now retired. 
 
 Mr. Drey attends the Har Sinai Temple, on the board of which he has been a member. He 
 is also a member of the Board of Managers of the Hebrew Benevolent Association, member 
 of Federated Jewish Charities, Society of California Pioneers and Phoenix Club. Mr. Drey 
 considers "a strict adherence to the truth and the spending of less than you make" to be the 
 cardinal doctrines of a life's success. Elkan Drey married Clara Lauer (who died in 1883) 
 on April 26, 1865, and has no children. 
 
 LOUIS K. GUTMAN 
 
 Son of Joel and Bertha Kayton Gutman, was born in Baltimore City on the 11th day of 
 May, 1860. He was educated in public and private schools and began his business career 
 at the age of sixteen as an employee of Joel Gutman & Co., of which firm h« became an 
 active member when he M'as twenty-one. Mr. Gutman is also vice-president of the Gosman 
 Ginger-Ale Co. and director of the Maryland Casualty Co. In 1908 Mr. Gutman was vice- 
 president of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, also a director of the Maryland Prisoners' Aid 
 Society. He is president of the Phcenix Club, a member of the Suburban Club and an Elk. 
 Mr. Gutman attends the Madison Avenue Temple. The simple yet powerful text, which Mr. 
 Gutman regards as the secret of all genuine success, is found in the two words, "Truth and 
 Honesty." Mr. Gutman married Miss Ida N. Neuberger on November 18, 1886, and has 
 had three children, Adele, Elsie and Joel, all living. 
 
 JULIUS H. WYMAN. 
 
 Son of Emanuel H. and Henrietta Block Wyman, was born on the 25th day of October, 
 1866, at Alexandria, Va. Mr. Wyman was educated in public and private schools of 
 Baltimore and graduated from the University of Maryland in 1888, and bears the degree of 
 L.L.B. After his graduation Mr. Wyman entered into the practice of law. He has been 
 connected with the Hebrew Benevolent Society for twenty years, and for five years prior to 
 1909 was its president. He has also been director of Maryland Asylum for Feeble-Minded 
 Children, having served for four years past, and is a member of and has served as president 
 of The Improved Order B'Nai B'rith. On March 30, 1898, Mr. Wyman married Miss Sarah 
 M. Hutzler. 
 
 249 
 
MONUMENTAL 
 CUSTOM TAILORING COMPANY 
 
 Tailors to the Trade Only 
 
 327 W. BALTIMORE STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Monumental Custom Tail- 
 oring Conijiany was established 
 September, 189(i, by Jacob S. 
 Goldsmitli and Meyer B. Gold- 
 smith, and is situated at 327 
 ^\'est Baltimore Street, where is 
 conducted one of tlie highest- 
 class and lai'gest businesses of 
 its kind south of New York. The 
 Monumental Custom Tailoring 
 Company are wholesale custom 
 tailors to the trade only. The 
 magnificent success of this com- 
 pany is due to the strict integ- 
 rity which has marked all its 
 transactions, and the uniform ex- 
 cellence of its work, and, further- 
 more, to the fact that it has 
 "one price for all — gives the best 
 possible values for the money, 
 and gives no premiums." This 
 concern employs 275 hands under 
 tlicir direct supervision; covers 
 (crjitory east of the Ohio River 
 lo the ocean and south to tlie 
 (ill If. Tills liim are tlie pioneer 
 rxcliisive wjiolesalo custom tail- 
 ors to tlie trade in Baltimore. 
 
 I'.JO 
 
MEYER B. GOLDSMITH 
 
 251 
 
DAVID S. WALLERSTEIN 
 
 Wholesale 
 
 Millinery and 
 
 Novelties 
 
 12 SOUTH HANOVER STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was establislied in 1803 
 l>y Mr. David S. Wallerstein, who had 
 lifpn connected for several years with tlie 
 ikl importing and jobbing millinery house 
 id" Nathan llnhr, formerly at 21 West 
 Baltimore Street. The original location 
 of this business was at 3 South Hanover 
 Street, which building was destroyed in 
 the fire of 1904, forcing Mr. Wallerstein 
 to find temporary location at 729 West 
 Baltimore Street. In 1905 the business 
 was moved to 12 South Hanover Street, 
 viliere it is at present located. This es- 
 lililisliment is thoroughly equipped wit'i 
 (■\ery facility and convenience for t!;e 
 transaction of the large business which 
 Mr. Wallerstein controls. Recently there 
 lias been annexed two floors on German 
 Street to meet the stock demands of the 
 coming season. The policy of this liusi- 
 ness has been to give to the trade at all 
 times the benefit of the latest and choicest 
 (illerings of the market at reasonable 
 prices. The territory covered by this 
 house extends as far south as Florida and 
 as far west as Tennessee, and is covered 
 by six traveling salesmen. D. S. Waller- 
 stein is an importer and jobber of milli- 
 nery goods and novelties of the latest and 
 most approved type, being constantly in 
 touch with the leading trade and fashicn 
 centers. 
 
ISAAC DAVIDSON 
 
 Son of Levi and Sarah Davidson, was born at Helniarsliausen, Province of Hessen Nassau, 
 Germany, on the 14th day of August, 1853. Mr. Davidson was educated at his father's school 
 and had private lessons in French and Latin up to his thirteenth year, when he came to 
 America to live with his uncles in New York, and for several years attended night schools. He 
 started in business life when he was a little over thirteen years of age as clerk for his uncles, 
 and later became a bookkeeper, then agent for a paper mill and later went to Alabama and 
 started a business there, and since 188-1 has been in the furniture business in Baltimore. Mr. 
 Davidson is a director of the Hebrew Education Society and of the local branch, Alliance 
 Israelite Universelle. He is a trustee of the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, and for many 
 years chairman of their religious school commissioners. Mr. Davidson's father was cantor 
 and teacher for forty-three years of the congregation at Helmarshausen and was noted for his 
 sturdy honesty, devotion to duty and to his faith, as well as to his family. Levi Davidson 
 came from a family of Chasans, and his wife, Sarah, was a grajaddaughter of Joseph Abraham 
 Friedlander, rabbi of Westphalia, Prussia. Mr. Isaac Davidson is a member of the Royal 
 Arcanum, the Heptasophs, Merchants' and Manufacturers' Association, Travelers' and IVIer- 
 chants' Association, Red Cross Society, Theological Seminary, N. Y., the National Consumptive 
 Home, Denver, and many other societies. The success which Mr. Davidson has achieved in 
 life he attributes to honesty, sobriety and industry, which habits he acquired early in life 
 through the responsibilities which came to him through the desire and necessity to help his 
 parents and his numerous brothers and sisters, demanding that he should practice the most 
 rigid economy and frugality. On March 6, 1881, Mr. Davidson married Miss Adele Pollack, 
 daughter of the late Uriah A. Pollack, to whose business he succeeded. Mr. Davidson has had 
 seven children, five of whom are living. 
 
 DR. JOSEPH ENOCH GICHNER 
 
 Son of Jacob and Johanna Enoch Gichner, was born August 18, 1864, at Bielitz, Austria 
 ( Silesia ) . He attended the public school and gymnasium of Europe, graduated from Uni- 
 versity of Maryland and did medical department post-graduate work in Vienna, Berlin, Rome 
 and London. Dr. Gichner is visiting physician to University and Hebrew Hospitals, director 
 and visiting physician of Jewish Home for Consumptives, member Medical and Chirurgical 
 Faculty of Maryland, National Association for Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis, Ameri- 
 can Medical Association, Baltimore County Medical Association and Commission Public 
 Baths of Baltimore City, and teacher at University of Maryland. Dr. Gichner attends Har 
 Sinai Temple, and his life's motto is : "Work ; do your best whatever your occupation, and 
 mind your own affairs." Dr. Gichner married Miss Pauline Ash and has four children, by 
 name, Manuel Gutman, Joanna Esther, Carlyn and Louise Dorothy Gichner. 
 
 LEWIS HOCHHEIMER 
 
 Son of Rev. Henry and Rosalia Hochheimer, was born in Baltimore on August 7, 1853. 
 He was educated in the public schools in Baltimore and graduated from the Law Department 
 of the University of Maryland and since 1874 has been actively engaged in the practice of law. 
 Mr. Hochheimer is a member of the Masonic Order and the I. O. M. He has been especially 
 active in the work of caring for children and for six years was president of the Maryland 
 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. 
 
 LEON GOODMAN 
 
 Son of Raphael and Pauline Goodman, was born in Germany, September 15, 1875, and 
 was educated in the public schools of Baltimore. jNIr. Goodman began active life as a stock 
 clerk, and is now a member of the wholesale millinery firm of Goodman, Wallach and Helber. 
 Unmarried. 
 
 253 
 
CRONHARDT, DUMLER & COMPANY 
 
 The Flower 
 and Feather House 
 
 5 AND 7 S. HANOVER STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Flower and Feather House was 
 established January 1, 1903. by John 
 Cronhardt. Jr., Albert M. Dumler and 
 Klias Simon, who were all former em- 
 ployees of the Trautmann Importing 
 Co., whom they bought out and suc- 
 ceeded, and M'ere located at 27 West 
 Baltimore Street prior to the great 
 lire of February 7, 1904, and now oc- 
 cupy four floors and basement at 7 
 Hanover Street, with an annex in 
 Xo. 5. 
 
 Making a specialty of liowers and 
 feathers, and all novelties as they ap- 
 pear, and by reason of the especial 
 attention given to the flower and 
 feather business in all its branches, 
 the firm of Cronhardt, Dumler & Co. 
 has earned the title and is widely 
 known as ''The Flower and Feather 
 House." 
 
 With a thoroughly organized house 
 force and seven traveling salesmen, 
 and always showing a proper assort- 
 ment of merchandise appealing to 
 buyers of millinery from any section 
 of the country, the growth of this 
 lirm's business is not remarkable. 
 The territory covered and in which 
 large business is transacted includes 
 the States of ^Maryland, Pennsylvania, 
 Delaware, Virginia, West Virginia, 
 Ohio, Kentucky, North Carolina, 
 South Carolina, Georgia. Florida, 
 Tennessee, A 1 a b a m a , ^Mississippi, 
 Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma. 
 
 The policy of this firm has been to 
 do a business of mutual benefit, and 
 through honest merchandising to 
 merit the confidence of its patrons 
 and the communitv in general. 
 
 2.-J I 
 
SAMUEL E. REINHARD 
 
 Samuel Reinhard, son of Emanuel and Henritta Reinhard, was born in Baltimore City 
 January 3, 1855. His father was among the first Hebrew settlers in Baltimore, liaving been 
 one of the original thirteen who organized the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation, now known 
 as the JNIadison Avenue Temple. He attended the Baltimore City public and high schools, and 
 began his work as an errand boy for Mettee & Alexander, merchant tailor; then as dry goods 
 salesboy at the age of fifteen years for S. Weinberg, Baltimore ; later with H. Cohen, of Win- 
 chester, Va.; then with Bamberger & Coleman, Cumberland, Md. (1871); after that with 
 Jordan & Keyser as road salesman. In 1875 he went into business on his own account in the 
 retail line, at Webster City, Iowa. In 1877 removed to JNIorris, 111., and continued there until 
 1880, when he came to Baltimore to enter the business of Reinhard, Meyer & Company. Mr. 
 Reinhard is secretary and treasurer of the Clothiers' Board of Trade of Baltimore City, 
 which position he has filled for twenty-five years; in fact, since it started, he having organized 
 the association. He is a member of the Hebrew Congregation, and is connected with the 
 Harmony Circle and all the Hebrew charities. On June 3, 1901, Mr. Reinhard married ]Mrs. 
 Sarah Gans (nee Sarah ]M. Moses, daughter of Moses Moses and sister of Judge J. M. Moses). 
 
 MARTIN LEHMAYER 
 
 Son of Simon and Henrietta Dellevie Lehmayer, was born in Baltimore City in 1861. 
 He graduated from the University of Maryland in 1882 as honor man of liis class, and is a 
 member of the Baltimore Bar. He represented the third legislative district of Baltimore City 
 in the House of Delegates of Maryland at the sessions of 1900, 1906 and 1908, and was 
 chairman of the Judiciary Committee at each of the above sessions. In 1909 he was appointed 
 Judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City by Governor Crothers to fill the vacancy 
 created by the death of Judge Conway M. Sams. Mr. I.ehmayer married Miss Emma B. 
 Ulman and has one daughter. Miss Henrietta U. Lehmaver. 
 
 MICHAEL AMBACH 
 
 Son of Samuel and Etta Rosenbaum Ambach, was born in Bavaria, Gei'many, on February 
 19, 1844. He was educated in the public schools of Germany and started in the clothing 
 business in 1863 at Newark, Ohio; later came to Baltimore and engaged in the same business, 
 which is known to-day as M. Ambach & Sons. Mr. Ambach's business motto is: "Be straight- 
 forward, honorable and truthful." On March 18, 1869, he married Miss Jennie Burgunder and 
 has four children, by name, Etta, David, Meyer and Albert. 
 
 DR. SAMUEL AMBERG. 
 
 Son of Jacob and Minna Loevenbein Amberg, was born at Cannstatt, Germany, on the 
 15th day of August, 1874. Dr. Amberg attended the Gymnasium of Cannstatt, the University 
 of Heidelberg and the University of Berlin. He began the practice of medicine in 1899, and is 
 associate in pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, a visiting physician to the children's 
 department, Hebrew Hospital, and also a member of American Physiological Society, the 
 American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, American Society of Bio- 
 logical Chemists. 
 
 MANES STRAUSS 
 
 Son of Abraham and Rosa Strauss, was born in Baltimore City May 14, 1873. Mr. 
 Strauss was educated in the Baltimore City schools, and his first employment was with the 
 firm of Strauss Bros., of which firm he is now a member. Mr. Strauss is president of the 
 Shearith Israel Congregation and is largely interested in religious and charitable work. Mr. 
 Strauss, in November, 1907, was married to Miss Augusta Sperling. 
 
llll 
 
 ^ ^ & HELBER ^ 
 
 Wholesalers and Importers of 
 
 Millinery 
 
 113 WEST BALTIMORE ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Goodman, Wallacli 
 & llelber was established in tlie 
 year 1906, the firm members be- 
 ing Leon Goodman, Samuel N. 
 Wallach and William F. Helber, 
 all men of practical experience 
 in the millinery business. Tlie 
 original location of this business 
 was 1 South Hanover Street and 
 its present location is 113 West 
 Baltimore Street. There it car- 
 ries a complete standard line of 
 millinery goods. Goodman, Wal- 
 lach & Helber are importers and 
 wholesale dealers in millinery 
 goods, and may always be relied 
 upon to show only tlie latest 
 and newest class of goods. Their 
 business covers a wide territory 
 throughout the South and South- 
 western section of the country, 
 which territory is efficiently cov- 
 ered by seven traveling salesmen. 
 The house display covers an ex- 
 tensive floor space in their com- 
 modious five-story warehouse, 
 and all departments are in 
 charge of experienced hands. The 
 reputation of Goodman, Wallach 
 & Helber is built upon absolute 
 integrity and unfiagging enter- 
 piise, as evidenced by tlie con- 
 sistent increase of business since 
 the firm's inception. 
 
 •_'5() 
 
<5 J 
 
 > =y 
 
 ^ 2 
 
 257 
 
HOME OF THE FRAXCIS COMPANY, 1>'C. 
 
 THE FRANCIS COMPANY, Inc. 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Men's Fine Straw Hats 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Francis Company was incorporated Marcli 22. 1009. witli the foUowing manu- 
 facturing directors: W. H. Francis, J. S. Francis, E. B. Gregg, C. Wacher, Jr., and 
 E. A. Sauerwine. ■\Jr. W. H. Francis was formerly vice-president of the Brigham 
 Hopkins Co.; Messrs. J. S. Francis and C. Wacker, Jr.. were formerly in business under 
 the name of Francis, Wacker & Company, and Mr. E. B. Gregg was associated with tiie 
 firm of J. J. Haines & Company. The ollices and plant of this company are situated at 
 224 and 226 North Calvert Street, where is maintained one of the best equipped, com- 
 modious and conveniently arranged factories of its kind in the East. The business of 
 the Francis Company is devoted exclusively to the wholesale numufacture of men's 
 fine straw hats, and their business extends all over tlie United States and into Cuba, 
 Canada and the Hawaiian Islands. Eight to ten salesmen are on the road in seasons, 
 and the general employees of this house range from 150 to 200 hands. 
 
 W. H. Francis President 
 
 J. S. Fraxcis Vice-President 
 
 E. B. Gregg Treasurer 
 
 Wm. Bavernschmidt Secretary 
 
 Chas. Wacker, Jr Assistant Secretary and Treasurer 
 
ALEXANDER M. HANLINE 
 
 U^^ 
 
 259 
 
YOUNG & SELDEN CO. 
 
 Bank and Commercial Stationers, Lithographers, 
 
 Printers, Blank Book Makers and 
 
 Steel Die Embossers 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This linn was tstabli^iicd in December, 1S8S, by E. B. Young, who in 1892, with 
 Arthur T. Rolden, formed the co-partnersliip of Young & Selden. Later on Mr. Oscar T. 
 Smith was taken into the firm. In 1902 the business was incorporated as the Young & 
 Selden Co. The business location of this firm is 301 to 305 Nortli Calvert Street, wliere 
 is conducted a perfectly equipped and modernly appointed plant for handling the 
 extensive and growing business tliis company enjoys. The Young & Selden Co. are 
 Bank and Commercial Stationers, Lithographers, Blank Book Makers, Printers and 
 Steel Die Embossers. The trade of tliis c()in])any covers a wide area and it ranks among 
 the leading houses in its line in tlie country. The ofbcers of the company are: E. B. 
 Young, President; Arthur T. Selden, Treasurer; Oscar T. Smitli, Vice-President; 
 George Knefely, Secretary. 
 
 261) 
 
HUGO STEINER 
 
 Son of Samuel and Therese Steiner, was born in Neusiedel am See, Austria, November 
 14, 1865. His father, who died February 6, 1887, was a soldier, one of the first Jewish 
 officers in the Austrian army and was twice decorated by the emperor. Hugo came to this 
 coimtry when nine years of age, and attended Zion School, the Baltimore City College, Johns 
 Hopkins University (A. B. 1885), and University of Maryland (LL.B. 1887). Mr. Steiner 
 began the practice of Law immediately after graduation and is a member of the law firm of 
 Steiner & Putzel, his partner being Senator Lewis Putzel. He has been secretary of the 
 Hebrew Education Society of Baltimore since 1909 and is a member of tiie Bar Association 
 of Baltimore, Maryland State Bar Association, Federated Jewish Societies and United 
 Hebrew Charities of Baltimore. Mr. Putzel is associated with tlie Oheb Shalom Congrega- 
 tion and in 1891 published a work on "Alimony." Mr. Steiner is not married. 
 
 BENJAMIN ROTHSCHILD 
 
 Son of Abraham and Lena Rothschild, was born on April 18, 1861, in Cincinnati. His 
 father was a cloth merchant and at one time was president of a synagogue in Philadelphia. 
 Mr. Rothschild is a descendant of the Rothschild's of Frankfort-on-the-Main. He was educated 
 in the public schools and began active business life as a salesman; was connected from 1879 
 to 1887 with the Philadelphia Barring Machinery Co., and has several inventions to his credit, 
 applicable to umbrellas and machinery. Mr. Rothschild is a member of the Masonic Order, 
 Knights of Pythias, Royal Arcanum and National Union. On January 13, 1891, he married 
 Miss Sadie Weinberg and has had four children, all living. 
 
 TANCHUM SILBERMAN 
 
 Son of Jehudah Leib and Taube Silberman, was born in Poschwetin, Gub. Kovno, Russia, 
 on May 24, 1863. Mr. Silberman was educated in Cheder and Beth Hmidrasch in Russia and 
 had private training in America. From October, 1882, to October, 1885, he was cantor of the 
 Chazan Bnei Israel Congregation, Baltimore. Since March, 1885, he has been a member of 
 the firm of Silberman & Todes. In 1893-4 he was president of the Mikro Kodesch Congrega- 
 tion; since 1887, director of the Talmud Torah Society; he is a member of the Board of 
 Directors Shearith Israel Congregation ; chairman Finance Committee United Hebrew Chari- 
 ties 1908-10, and is actively interested in almost every charitable society in Baltimore, and 
 is a member of the Royal Arcanum and National Union. Mr. Silberman counts honesty, 
 straightforwardness and activity as the surest means of attaining true success in life. On 
 November 1, 1891, he married Miss Annis Bromson and has had ten children, Bessie, Lillian, 
 Freda, Leon, Alvin, Jerome, Eleanor, Sylvin, Milton and Evelyn, all living. 
 
 SYLVAN HAYES LAUCHHEIMER 
 
 Son of Meyer Henry and Babette E. Lauchheimer, was born in Baltimore City January 
 22, 1870. He attended the public schools. City College, Johns Hopkins University and 
 University of Maryland (law school), beginning the practise of law July 1, 1892. Mr. 
 Lauchheimer was assistant city solicitor, 1904-1908, and deputy city solicitor since 1908. He 
 married Miss Florence Ambach April 27, 1905, and has no children. 
 
 SAMUEL M. WALLACH 
 
 Son of Myer and Matilda Wallach, was born in Baltimore City, Marcli 10, 1871, and re- 
 ceived his education in the elementary schools and the City College of Baltimore. He began 
 business life as an entry clerk, and is now a member of the firm of Goodman, Wallach and 
 Helber. On June 18, 1899, Mr. Wallach married Miss Carrie Baernstein, and has one child, 
 Stanley H. Wallach. 
 
 261 
 
AMERICAN 
 FUNERAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA 
 
 Incorporated 
 
 OFFICE 
 
 1469 MYRTLE AVENUE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The American Funeral Benefit Association was incoiporated in October, 1S95. Tiiis 
 association is the voluntary association of over seven hundred organizations, for the pur- 
 pose of reimbursing such organizations that pay funeral benefits to the beneficiaries 
 or representatives of deceased members thereof and such organizations hereinafter 
 becoming members of this association, for losses incurred through the payment of sucli 
 benefits. 
 
 Its success has been unparalleled ; it has made the weakest organization as strong 
 as the strongest in the manner of paying death benefits. It luis contributed more than 
 any other cause to the marvelous growth of the orders. 
 
 It deals with the organization, through their secretary, and not with the indi- 
 viduals. In case of the death of a member in good standing in any subordinate body 
 connected with this association said subordinate bodj' will be reimbursed for the amount 
 of death benefits not to exceed $-250. Benefits are graded to all members enrolled after 
 the original application has been acce])ted. 
 
 The association is a little over fourteen years old and has not an unpaid claim on 
 its books. 
 
 Statement December 31, 1909. 
 
 Balance December 31, 1!U)S .$5,408.20 
 
 Received from December 31, 190S. to Deceinber 31. lOdO 98,974.03 
 
 Total $104,442.23 
 
 Expenses. 
 
 325 claims at $250.00 each $81,250.00 
 
 10 " '• 200.00 each 2,000.00 
 
 11 " " 150.00 each 1.65Q.00 
 
 3 " " 100.00 each 300.00 $85,200.00 
 
 Transferred to Saving Fund G.300.00 
 
 Other Expenses as per vouchers <lrawn 9.872.31 10,172.31 101,372.31 
 
 Balance December 31, 1909 $3,069.92 
 
 I n vest men Is. 
 
 In Reserve Fund $12,433.60 
 
 In Contingent Fund 200.00 
 
 Balance on liand 3,069.92 
 
 Total wortli $15,703.52 
 
 McDibershiiK 
 
 Number of Organizations on i\oll December 31, 1909 710 
 
 Number of Members on Roll December 31, 1909 45.080 
 
 26^ 
 
DAVID WIESENFELD 
 
 263 
 
THE GUTH ROMAN CAFE 
 
 320-324 CHARLES STREET, NORTH 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Guth Roman Cafe was establislied in December, 1!H)4, and is one of the nu)st 
 exquisitely fashioned Inncheon and bonbon establishments in the eonntry. This cafe 
 is modeled after the style of a Venetian garden; in fact is tlie replica of one of the 
 most celebrated places in old Italy. No expense has been spared to make the Giith 
 Iloman Cafe as cosy and as comfortable as it is aesthetic and beautiful; the idea 
 being to blend with the quaint old Roman atmosphere every niddern ideal of efficiency 
 in menu and in service. Here is vended all high class confectionery, and served ladies' 
 luncheon, ice cream and fountain drinks, "catering to the elite" exclusively. 
 
 320-324 CHARLES STREET, NORTH 
 
 L'Gl 
 
LEON E. GREENBATJM 
 
 265 
 
Established 1901 
 
 STEWART & CO. 
 
 Modern Department Store 
 
 HOWARD AND LEXINGTON STS. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Orijiiiiitl inciiibprs of tlie fiiin — Louis Stewart, President: Geo. V. Post, Vice- 
 President; W. J. Ruffner, Assistant Treasurer and Secretary. 
 
 Present members of the firm — Louis Stewart, President; Geo. V. Post, Vice- 
 President : C. E. Steinkamp, Assistant Treasurer ; W. B. Goodwin, Secretary. 
 
 ^Ir. Stewart, ]Mr. Post and Mr. Steinkamp were formerly of Louisville, where 
 they were connected with large dry goods houses. 
 
 ]Mr. Stewart is also president of The Great ^McCreery Stores, 28d and .34th Streets, 
 Stewart & Co.'s New York connections. 
 
 Howard and Lexington Streets is the original and present location of the business. 
 
 Character of our business — Modern department store. We have all the up-to-date 
 facilities for selling and delivering, and for the general care of our patrons. 
 
 Policy of the business is to give our patrons high-grade merchandise at popular 
 prices by complete up-to-date systems. 
 
 Our immense purchasing power enables lis to oll'er our patrons high-class mer- 
 chandise at low prices. 
 
 2W) 
 
DR. HARRY FRIEDEXWALD 
 
 ./-^ 
 
 BALriMOac. 
 
 267 
 
HUTZLER BROTHERS COMPANY 
 
 The establishment known to Baltinioieans of to-chiy as Hutzler Brothers may be said to have come into 
 existence in July, 1858, when Mr. Abram G. Hutz'ler, senior memlier of the present company, opened 
 a modest store at the southwest corner of Howard and Clay Streets. Mr. Hutzler was a boy at this timej 
 too joung to trade in his own name, and so he used his father's, the firm being called "M. Hutzler i\; Son." 
 
 It was a small, two-story building, with the tiny show windows of the period, but no doubt the ladies, 
 in quaint crinolines and chignons, who came to buy delaine and chintz and feminine fallals generally, were 
 just as keen about the latest styles as are their descendants, who demand real lace and furs of Ru.ssian sable. 
 
 In 1867, Mr. Charles G. Hutzler, who had been in the .jobbiui; bii-iiM-s as the .junior member of another 
 company, was left at liberty to join his brother by the retirrmciii .if the head of his house. The two 
 brothers, Abram and Charles, accordingly opened a wholesale nuiion l.iisiuess on Baltimore Street, leaving 
 the youngest brother, David, then a mere lad just from school, to t ike charge of the retail store on Howard 
 Street. The wholesale concern, thus unostentatiously begun, continued for twenty years, and was success- 
 ful from the start. 
 
 The first enlargement of the Howard Street establishment was made m 1874, when the firm bought 
 from Mr. James Getty the property extending through to Clay Street, known as 67 N. Howard Street 
 according to the old svstem of numbering. 
 
 The retail store, under the management of Mr. David Hutzler, had about this time assumed such pro- 
 portion that it was too great a burden for one man to manage alone, and in 1884 the other brothers deter- 
 mined to discontinue the wholesale business and devote all their energies to the retail trade. The increase 
 in business made it necessary to buy more property, and four other houses were shortly purchased and torn 
 down, and the present structure was erected in 1886. Still later the property between Clay and Saratoga 
 Streets was bought, and an annex as large as the building of ISSti, couluning a cold storage vault for furs 
 and a modern lunch room devoted to the store's employes, was added to the main store. 
 
 The officers of Hutzler Brothers Co. are: Abram G. Hutzler, President; David Hutzler, Vice-Pres- 
 ident; Edwin B. Hutzler, Sec'y; Louis S. Hutzler, Treas., and Henry Oppenheimer, Asst. Treas. 
 
MOSES MAURICE MEYER 
 
 Son of Gustav and Mina Meyer, was born in Baltimore City March 8, 1879. Mr. Meyer's 
 parents came to Baltimore from Hessen-Darmstadt in 1865, where his grandfather, Jonas 
 Stern, was a rabbi. Mr. Meyer's education was acquired under much difficulty and great 
 struggle, often pursuing his studies under the light of the midnight oil. He first attended the 
 public schools and then the night classes of the Polytechnic Institute, as well as a course at 
 business college, subsequently graduating from the Baltimore Law School in 1902, which he 
 also attended at night. In the same year he successfully passed State Board Examination 
 and was admitted to the Maryland Bar. 
 
 During all this period of education, some ten years, he worked during the day as clerk, 
 stenographer, bookkeeper and traveling salesman. On November 1, 1903, he was married to 
 Miss Bertha Stern, and has one daughter. Mr. Meyer is now a successful attorney-at-law 
 and is also president of the Severn Realty Company. 
 
 He is at this time (1910) engaged in compiling a work on "Evidence as Applied by 
 Nisi Prius Courts." Mr. Meyer is a member of Cassia Lodge No. 45, A. F. & A. M. ; Maryland 
 Lodge No. 1, I. 0. H. ; German-American Lodge No. 108, K. of P.; Francis Scott Key Council 
 No. 20, Jr. O. U. A. M., and is identified with the Chizuk Emunah Synagogue 
 
 MAURICE J. MEYER 
 
 Son of Jacob and Fannie Meyer, was born in Jonesville, Mich., on the 18th day of October, 
 1860. He was educated in the Baltimore City schools and college, and began his active life 
 as bookkeeper and salesman in 1876 at Morris, 111., and is at present a member of the firm 
 of Reinhard, Meyer & Co., wholesale clothing, of Baltimore City. He is a member of the 
 Eutaw Place Temple, and also a member of the Phoenix Club, the Suburban Club and Harmony 
 Circle. On the 18th day of October, 1888, Mr. Meyer married Miss Nora Coblens and has had 
 two children, both living — Walter J. Meyer and Ethel C. Meyer. 
 
 HARRY ADES 
 
 Son of Moses and Annie Ades, was born in Russia November 17, 1878, in the schools of 
 which country he received his education. At the age of seventeen he found his first employ- 
 ment in a country store. Mr. Ades is associated with Dr. Shaffer's Congregation and is a 
 Royal Arch Mason, Knights of Pythias and a member of Red Men. Mr. Ades' policy has 
 been "to be honest and conservative in all things," and he is at present the head and sole 
 owner of one of the largest umbrella manufacturing establishments in the country, known as 
 Ades Bros. On December 27. 1900, Mr. Ades married Miss Fannie Levin and has had four 
 children, Bernard, Florence, Helen and Rose. 
 
 SIMON ADES (DECEASED) 
 
 Son of Moses and Annie Ades, was born in Russia in 1880, came to this country when 
 ten years old, and in 1898, with his brother, Harry Ades, formed the firm of Ades Bros, for 
 the manufacture of umbrellas and parasols. Simon Ades died April 17, 1908. He was a 
 member of the Masonic Order, Knights of Pythias and associated with Dr. Shaffer's Congre- 
 gation. Mr. Ades was unmarried. 
 
 SYLVAN H. LIKES 
 
 Son of Henry and Lina Likes, was born in Baltimore City, December 7, 1870. He is a 
 graduate of Johns Hopkins University and the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and is now 
 a practising physician in Baltimore City. He attends the Har Sinai Temple, and is a member 
 of the Hopkins and Suburban Clubs. Dr. Likes is unmarried. 
 
 269 
 
JOEL GUTMAN & COMPANY 
 
 Department Store 
 
 112-122 NORTH EUTAW STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 JOEL GUTMAN, FOUNDER 
 
 Joel Gutman & ('om))any was established in 1852 by Mr. Joel Gutman. since 
 deceased. The firm is now composed of Mr. Louis K. Gutman, Bertha Gutman and Joel 
 Nassauer. This is a most satisfactory store for Suits, Wraps, Laces, Silks, Dress 
 Goods, Linens, Domestic Wares, Art Wares, China, Glass Ware, House Furnishings, 
 Upholsteries, Boys' Clotliinfj-, Books, Shoes, Gloves, and, in fact, whatever else is 
 wanted. It has been caihd "I he Store with an Ideal," which ideal is to have the 
 best stocks always; to have new tilings earliest; to give pleasant and prompt service. 
 This liouse has foreign and domestic connections, which keep it in touch with the 
 world's trade and fashion movements, and is famous with the shopjiers of Baltimore 
 for the spirit of fair dealing and tiiorough accommodations whicli it has maintained 
 from the beginning. 
 
 270 
 
ELI FRANK 
 
 271 
 
HURLBUTT & HURLBUTT 
 
 INTERIOR DECORATIONS, DRAPERIES, FURNITURE AND WALL PAPERS 
 
 Tliis famous decorating and honie-furnishing house was established in 1887 by 
 Edward B. :\Iohler and Ambrose S. Hurlbutt, Jr., under the firm name of Hurlbutt & 
 Mohler. In 1890 the firm was changed to Hurlbutt & Hurlbutt, Mr. Mohler retiring, 
 and Fred Hurlbutt and Ambrose Hurlbutt, Jr., continuing business at the original 
 location, 114 North Charles Street. In 1892 the firm moved to their new building at 
 403 Xorth Charles Street, and in 1908 enlarged their establishment by adding 405 
 North Charles Street, where is shown one of the most artistic displays of art furniture 
 and furnishings to be found in this section of the country. The firm also does an ex- 
 tensive business as interior decorators, and shows at all times the latest effects in 
 draperies, furniture and wall papers. 
 
 J. H. DUKER BOX CO. 
 
 PACKING BOXES AND BOX SHOOKS 
 EDEN AND ALICEANNA STREETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This company was established in 18G1 by J. H. Duker, and w^is changed to a 
 corporation January 1, 1898, the officers of which are: J. Edward Duker, president and 
 secretary, and Henry P. Duker, vice-president and treasurer. The location of this busi- 
 ness is at Eden and Aliceanna Streets, where is operated one of the most perfectly 
 equipped and conducted plants for tlie manufacture of wooden packing boxes and 
 box shocks in Baltimore City. During the fifty years this house has been in business 
 it has built up a high reputation for first-class work and integrity of method, and it 
 enjoys as a consequence a large trade from all classes of box users. 
 
HENRY F. STRAUSS 
 
 Son of Ferst Loeb and Regina Strauss, was born at Bachen, Ducliy of Baden, Germany, 
 on September 8, 1849. He went through public school, taking all the classes of the high school 
 of his birthplace. Mr. Strauss organized the present firm of North Bros. & Strauss in 
 November, 1887, for the manufacture of shirts, night-robes and drawers, in which business 
 are employed 1,000 operatives. He attends the Madison Avenue Temple and is a member of 
 the Suburban Club and the Royal Arcanum. Mr. Strauss' business motto is: "Close applica- 
 tion to business and fair dealing with everyone." On January 9, 1881, he married Miss Fannie 
 S. Burgunder and lias one daughter, now Mrs. Gus Jandorff. 
 
 ISAAC HAMBURGER (DECEASED, 1909) 
 
 Son of Loiiis and Fannie Hamlnirger. was born at Niedernberg, Germany, on the 29th 
 day. of December, 1825. He started in the clothing business in Baltimore in 1850 on Harrison 
 Street, later moved to Pratt Street, and is now the senior member of the firm of Isaac 
 Hamburger & Sons, located on Baltimore Street. Mr. Hamburger is a member of the Directing 
 Board of the Hebrew Hospital, the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, member of the Phoenix Club and a 
 life member of the Masonic Order. Mr. Hamburger was married to Bertha Hamburger on 
 November 8, 1849, and has had twelve children, eight of whom are now living. 
 
 MEYER S. HALLE 
 
 Son of Simon and Bertha Schwab Halle, w^as born on the 31st day of January, 1862. 
 Mr. Halle was educated in the public schools of Baltimore and the Knapp Institute. He 
 is now a member of the firm of S. Halle Sons, having succeeded in the business founded by 
 his father, his connection as a firm member dating from 1887. Mr. Halle is a member of the 
 Oheb Shalom Congregation, and also a member of the Harmony Circle and the Phoenix Club. 
 On November 4, 1890, Mr. Halle married Miss Carrie Mann and has two children living, 
 Simon S. and Jesse Mann Halle. 
 
 IRVTN EICHENGREEN 
 
 Son of William and Amelia Fleischer Eichengreen. was born in Baltimore City on the 
 22nd day of September, 1878. He was educated in the public schools of Baltimore, and 
 entered into the employment of Eichengreen & Weil in 1893, and since January 1, 1903, has 
 been a member of the firm of Eichengreen & Co. Mr. Eichengreen is a member of the Madison 
 Avenue Temple, and belongs to the Phoenix Club and the Harmony Circle. On September 11, 
 1906, he was married to Miss Etta Ambach. 
 
 ISRAEL LEVINSTEIN 
 
 Son of Leib and Bertha (Klein) Levinstein, was born in Tauroggen, Russia, on March 
 19, 1860, receiving his education in the public schools of Russia. Mr. Levinstein began life 
 at the age of fifteen years as a peddler in Sweden, later coming to the United States, where 
 he was engaged in the notion business from 1889 to 1895, after which he founded the Balti- 
 more Shoe House, of which he is still the active head. Mr. Levinstein attends the McCulloh 
 Street Temple and is identified with the Federated and United Charities. He is a member of 
 the Royal Arcanum, National Union and Order of Heptasophs. On August 30, 1890, he 
 married Miss Yetta Klein and has four children. 
 
 273 
 
DE LONG & COMPANY 
 
 DESIGNER AND LADIES' TAILOR 
 
 Mr. Ewald De Long established this business 
 S('|iteinbei' 15, 1909. having previously come to this 
 fduiitiy from Paris. Fiaiiec, where he had had train- 
 ing in tl)e largest tailoring establishment in France. 
 Mr. De Long is a P'rench ladies' tailor, and 
 is equipped with all the up-to-date models and ap- 
 pliances for making and tinishing ladies' dresses, 
 with a capacity for handling from twenty-five to 
 fnity suits per week. This business is conducted 
 at 525 North Gilmore Street. 
 
 ]Mr. De Long was born in iNIarseilles, France, May 
 10. 1805, and was educated in the schools of France. 
 He attends tlie Oheb Shalom Temple. 
 
 BALTIMORE COUNTY WATER & ELECTRIC COMPANY 
 
 The company was organized in IWdU for the purpose of providing for suburban Baltimore and Balti- 
 more County generally two essentials for the proper development of all parts of the county, namely, water 
 and light. The Company's water supply service reaches every developed section of Baltimore County, 
 and its electric service covers all portioiis of the same county, east and we>t of Baltuuore ( ity. the 
 service of the Company is in every respect the best that can be desired or obtained. 
 
 The officers of the company are: President, Fred'k W. Feldner; vice-president and general manager, 
 Albert H. Wehr; second vice-president, ^^■illiam G. Speed; secretary and treasurer. J. Cordon Macdonalil: 
 chief engineer and superintendent, Albert E. AValden. The directors are: Frederick W. Feldner. Albert 
 H. Wehr, William G. Speed, J. Gordon >b\cilonald, August Wehr, Charles H. Classen, Patrick Flanigan. 
 William Schluderberg and .Anton Wciskittel 
 
NATHAN SCHLOSS 
 
 baltimoke. 
 
 275 
 
HUGHES & WOODALL 
 
 Successors to William H. Saxton 
 
 Odd Things Not Found Elsewhere 
 
 Jewelers and Silversmiths 
 
 322 N. CHARLES STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Our business was established in ITSU by Robert and James Webb, the original 
 members of the firm, who conducted the business from that time until 1835 at 180 
 Faj^ette Street. They were then succeeded by Geo. W. Webb, from 1835 to 1867, at 
 48 Baltimore Street; from there he moved to 185 and then to 227 Baltimore Street. 
 William H. Saxton had been working there as a clerk for a number of years and was 
 made a member of the firm. The business was continued until 1876 at 227 Baltimore 
 Street, when William H. Saxton purchased C4eo. W. Webb's interest in the business ; 
 he then moved to 2 Light Street, and then back to 30 E. Baltimore Street, where he 
 remained until after the great fire of February 7 and 8, 1904, which destroyed a large 
 section of the business district. He then located at our present address, 322 N. 
 
 Charles Street, where a very prosperous business was carried on until his ili-ath, June 
 10, 1908. 
 
 From then until January, 1909, the business was conducted by the administrators 
 of the estate, from whom we purchased the unexpired lease, good-will and name of 
 William H. Saxton, and after having made extensive improvements in the store we 
 have continued under the firm name of Hughes & Woodall, whicli is composed of 
 Raymond Hughes and Harry Woodall. Jesse L. Fowler, who was witli William H. 
 Saxton for nineteen years, is still with us. 
 
 We cordially invite you to inspect our ciilirc new slock of diamonds, artistic jewelry 
 and silvci'ware, and especially Our Opticnl DvparltiK nt. 
 
 270 
 
BENJAMIN B. FRIEDENWALD 
 
 Son of Joseph and Rosina Friedenwald, was born in Baltimore City March 13, 1857. 
 He was educated in the public schools of Baltimore and went into business in 1876, and at 
 present is connected with a general machinist business at 216 North Holliday Street, known 
 as Friedenwald Bros. Mr. Friedenwald is a member of the Automobile Club of Maryland, 
 and hisi father, Joseph Friedenwald, is president of the Crown Cork and Seal Co. Mr. 
 Friedenwald is unmarried 
 
 TONEY SCHLOSS 
 
 Son of Abraham and Sophia Schloss, was born in Baltimore City, July 10, 1882. He 
 received his education in the public schools of Baltimore and learned the business of jeweler, 
 later engaging in the lumber business, and is at present proprietor of the Baltimore Lumber 
 Co. His life's policy is "honest dealings and constant hustle." Mr. Schloss is associated with 
 the Shomra Hadas Congregation. On August 1.5, 1907, he married Miss Rebecca Rosenznag 
 and is the father of one child, Daniel L. Schloss. 
 
 DR. HARRY S. GREENBAUM 
 
 Son of Emanuel Greenbaum and Caroline Greenbaum, was born in 1869 in the city of 
 Baltimore, where his father followed the trade of a merchant. He attended the Johns 
 Hopkins University, and has been a practicing physician since 190.4. Mr. Greenbaum is a 
 member of Oheb Shalom Temple and belongs to the Phi Beta Kappa Society. In 1896 Mr. 
 Greenbaum married Miss Rena Hartman. He has no children. 
 
 ALEXANDER M. HANLINE 
 
 Son of Maurice and Bertha (Naumburg) Hanline, was born on September 19, 1851, 
 receiving his education in the local public schools. He began his business career as a clerk 
 with his father in the paint business, to which business, with his brother, he now is successor. 
 Mr. Hanline attends the Oheb Shalom Temple and is a member of the Elks and Masonic 
 Order. On March 14, 1893, Mr. Hanline married Miss Bertha Friedmann and has had two 
 children, Maurice A. and Carlyne F., both living. 
 
 MICHAEL ROSENFELD 
 
 Son of Moses and Henrietta Rosenfeld, was born August 8, 1835, at Liverpool, England. 
 He is associated with the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation and has been president of the 
 United Hebrew Benevolent Society. He is a Mason and is actively associated in business 
 with the New York Clothing House. On September 11, 1861, Mr. Rosenfeld married Miss 
 Carolin Wiesenfeld and has bad six children, Jessie, Rebecca, Ada, Leo, May and Elsie, all 
 living. 
 
 277 
 
W. E. JONES' FINE ART ROOMS 
 332 N. CHARLES STREET., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. W. E. Jones estahlislied this business in June, 1907, having been previously 
 connected with the house of David Bendann for twenty-one years. The W. E. Jones 
 Fine Art Rooms are located at 332 North Charles Street, where are exhibited at all 
 times an exquisite line of water-colors, etchings, engravings, rare prints and art objects 
 of art of every description. Picture framing of the highest order is a special feature 
 of this business. Mr. Jones is a direct importer and is constantly in touch with the 
 art centers of the world, as the purpose of his business is to cater to and satisfy the 
 very best class of trade. The motto of this house is square dealing and moderate prices, 
 which, with the artistic excellence of its offerings, have won for it an enviable reputa- 
 tion with art connoisseurs. 
 
 Regilding of old frames and restoring of old pictures a specialty. 
 
 BALTIMORE TOWEL SUPPLY CO. 
 
 "BEST SERVICE FOR LEAST MONEY" 
 
 108 EAST SARATOGA STREET 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This company was incoriiorated in 1895, at 104 East 
 Saratoga Street, but later removed to its present quar- 
 ters, lOS East Saratoga Street. Mr. Isaac Hirshler is 
 president and general niauag(>r. The company is the 
 largest towel service comiitmy and gives the best service 
 for the least money. 
 
 IJranch : 
 
 THE CAPITAL TOWEL SUPPLY CO., 
 
 720 9th Street, N. W., 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 278 
 
WILLIAM SCHLOSS 
 
 ^^' 
 
 J»^' 
 
 ,/yiy 
 
 279 
 
THE ENGINEERING 
 AND CONTRACTING COMPANY 
 
 Steel Fireproof Construction 
 
 N. W. CORNER ST. PAUL AND FRANKLIN STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 wmij 
 
 This company was organ- 
 ized in 1906, with C. Lawson 
 Pierson as president, who 
 Iiad formerly been with 
 George A. Fuller Co. and 
 had erected steel construc- 
 tion in many of the princi- 
 pal cities of the country. 
 The Engineering & Contract- 
 ing Co. are engineers and 
 contractors for quick steel 
 fireproof constructions, fol- 
 lowing architectural designs 
 in steel and fireproof build- 
 ings, wharves, bridges and 
 heavy work, having special 
 experience and facilities for 
 saving owners and archi- 
 tects the many troubles in- 
 volved in large construction 
 work. Tlie company main- 
 tains an office system which 
 enables the owner to find out 
 just what his operations are 
 going to cost; and at any 
 time during their progress 
 what tliey are costing. The 
 Engineering & Contracting 
 Co. manufacture and erect 
 in place reinforce concrete 
 piles, standing test of 45 
 tones per pile and has con- 
 nection with large Steel Com- 
 panies, Granite Quarries, 
 Marble Companies and the 
 Cement Industry, together 
 with all the interior trades 
 
 which enable the company to be at all times most efficiently EQUIPPED EOR RAPID 
 
 CONSTRUCTIONS WITH AN "ECONOMICAL SYSTEM." 
 
 The following is a list of completed contracts as finished by The Engineering & 
 
 Contracting Co. under fast construction, having completed one of the following theaters 
 
 in eighty days in the middle of winter when the weather conditions were very severe: 
 
 d ■ ----■=* 
 
 >*> 
 
 III! lo:^^^—'-^ •=^iT- 
 
 a*^ 
 
 BIRBECK BANK BUILDING, TORONTO, CAN. 
 
 International Trust Co., Baltimore 
 Uulaney Building, Baltimore 
 Hub Annex, Hecht Bros., Baltimore 
 l^uzerne Theater, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 
 
 Gayety Theater. Toronto. Canada 
 New Hudson Theater, Hoboken, N. J. 
 Jos. Schlitz Bottling Plant, Baltimore 
 Birbeck Building, Toronto, Canada 
 
 Poli Theater, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 
 
 And manv other large Cottages, Bungalows, etc. 
 
 280 
 
HENRY S. HARTOGENSIS 
 
 Henry S. Hartogensis was born on Rosh Hodesh Cheshvan, October 27, 1829, at 's Hertogen- 
 bosch, Holland : on his father's side he is descended from the distinguished Rabbi Arye Loeb, 
 Breslau, whose authorization of the Rodelheim Machzor is printed on the back page of the 
 Heidenheim edition; his father was well known as philanthropist, scholar and banker, still 
 remembered throughout Holland as Rabbi Samuel, despite the fact that he always refused 
 to be considered in the rabbinate or to allow the Morenu to be conferred on him. The banking 
 firm of Gebroeders Hartogensis (of which he was head) had charge of the city "bread" fund 
 for nearly a century, although the township was a noted Catholic center ; the last to conduct 
 the banking business there was his brother Abram S. Hartogensis, who, shortly after having 
 been knighted by the queen for his communal efforts, died in 1905. On his mother's side he 
 is descended from the well-known family of Lewyt. When nineteen years old, because of a 
 financial crash owing to the impending French revolution, Mr. Henry S. Hartogensis came to 
 Baltimore to earn a living, arriving at New York after a tempestuous passage on a sailboat 
 of four weeks, during which most of the passengers died of cholera. He started to make his 
 own way up, beginning with stationery, introducing into Baltimore the form of check still 
 used, payable "to order" instead of "to bearer." After a year's residence he married Rachel 
 de Wolflf, who, having borne him seven children and helped him in many of his achievements, 
 predeceased him in 1902, aged seventy-seven years. From the first Mr. Hartogensis began to 
 take an active part in communal affairs, and simultaneously in fraternal organizations, 
 Jewish and non-sectarian alike. Thus he has long been known as a Chasan, although never 
 having made any preparation and study therefor, and as such acted in the several congrega- 
 tions with which he was affiliated, always without compensation, until in 1873 he helped to 
 start the Chizuk Emunah Congregation at Exeter Hall, of which he became secretary and 
 remained such continuously imtil shortly before it moved up-town to McCulloh and Mosher 
 Streets in 1895, while Mr. Hartogensis remained behind, finding the best field for his useful 
 activity near his old home. During this period he helped erect the new synagogue on Lloyd 
 Street, but did much more to build up and strengthen the congregation by great sacrifice of 
 time, comfort and money. He was highly esteemed as assistant Chazan, officiating frequently, 
 and always on all the holidays and fast days. After the congregation had moved away from his 
 home in 1892, he founded, for the benefit of those desiring the Ashkenaz (German) Minhag, 
 a small synagogue, at the corner of Baltimore and Caroline Streets, in memory of his recently 
 deceased son, calling it Zichron Jacob; of this he was president, Chasan and chief mainstay 
 (financial and otherwise), until he removed with his family to his present home in the resi- 
 dential section at the corner of Linden Avenue and Presstman Streets in 1904, after which 
 he affiliated with the Shearith Israel Congregation (Rev. Dr. Schaffer), and at which he ha.<» 
 assisted in conducting the services and reading from the Thora, which he continues to do 
 acceptably despite his advanced age and infirmities. So that in 1905 this congregation be- 
 stowed upon him the exceptional honor of making him a Chover-Rab and giving him a diploma 
 in Hebrew therefor. 
 
 Mr. Hartogensis has always taken an active interest in Jewish charities, so that he has 
 for nearly forty years been a director and continues as treasurer of the Society for the Edu- 
 cation of Poor and Orphaned Hebrew Children (Hebrew Education Society) ; for a quarter of 
 a century he was manager of the Hebrew Free Burial Society and regularly attended all its 
 funerals con amore, doing many acts of kindness to the living and the dead, after the manner 
 of old orthodox Jewry, of which he is a bright example. He has actively taken part in all 
 charitable movements and is known especially for his private benevolences. Among the sou- 
 venirs most cherished by Mr. Hartogensis is a miniature parchment, Sepher Thora, written 
 in good form and bearing elaborate silver ornaments and bells, the gift of a Charleston ( South 
 Carolina) family for a Gemiluth Chescd shown a son and brother (a stranger to him) who 
 died at Mt. Hope Sanitarium under distressing circumstances and to whom Mr. Hartogensis 
 ministered and brought relief when all others had deserted the unfortunate invalid. In fra- 
 ternities he has had a long and distinguished career, thus as endo^vment commissioner of the 
 Grand Lodge, Order Kesher Shel Barzel (now defunct), and for years as finance commissioner 
 of the Grand Lodge, Independent Order of Mechanics; while he continues, after more than 
 
 281 
 
BALTIMORE 
 FERRO-CONCRETE COMPANY 
 
 Engineers and Contractors 
 Reinforced Concrete Construction 
 
 GLENN BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Baltimore Ferro-Concrete Company was established in 1901, as a close corpora- 
 tion, and occupies the entire third floor of the Glenn Buildin<i, where is constant!}' 
 employed an experienced staff" of engineers noted for experience in reinforced concrete 
 construction. In this class of work this company are pioneers in the South, and have 
 constructed work amounting to over three million ($3,000,000) dollars, from its own 
 special designs, embracing nearly two hundred structures throughout the country. 
 Some of the notable structures of this company are: 
 
 Baltimork, Md. 
 Evening News Bldg. 
 Knabe Piano Factory. 
 Westport Power House. 
 Marlborough Ap't House ( 1 1 stories ) , 
 Washington Ap't House. 
 Car Barn. 
 
 Edmondson Ave. Bridge ( 000 ft. long) . 
 Burk, Freed & Co. Bldg. 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 Rosenfeld Shirt Factory. 
 U. S. Storage Warehouse. 
 Imgram ^lemorial Church. 
 College of Immaculate Conception. 
 Georgetown I'nivorsity. 
 Droop Store I'nilding 
 
 AXNAPOLIS, ^In. 
 C S. Naval Academy. 
 Chapel Bldg. 
 Officers' :\Ipss Bldg. 
 Sliop Bldg. 
 
 J. L. 
 
 Trenton, N. J. 
 ^lott Iron Works. 
 
 Bridewell, I\Id. 
 House of Correction (including .300 
 concrete cells ) . 
 
 Berkley, Va. 
 Garrett Winery. 
 
 Atlanta, Ga. 
 Atlanta Terminal Sta. 
 Driveway and Approaches. 
 Magnolia St. Bridge. 
 Edgewood Ave. Bridge. 
 
 Yonkers, iSr. Y. 
 Phillipsburg Bldg. 
 Warehouse for Carpet Co. 
 :Mill Bldg. for Carpet Co. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 Holy Angels School. 
 
 Greensburg, Pa. 
 Salem Coal Bins. 
 
 Ottawa, Can. 
 University of Ottawa. 
 
 jMoxtreal, Can. 
 \'illa. Maria Convent. 
 
 The policy of the com))any is to do tho highest class of work of any proportions, 
 for wliich facilities are always maintained. The Baltimore Ferro-Concrete Company 
 are also general contractors fur all classes of construction work. 
 
2S3 
 
MINOR C. KIETH, President 
 
 H. D. BUSH, Vice-President 
 
 BALTIMORE BRIDGE COMPANY 
 
 Bridges and Steel Structural Work 
 
 General Office and Works 
 BUSH ST. AND B. & 0. R.R., 'BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. 
 
 The Baltiaiore Bridge Company was organized August 19, 1902, and succeeded to 
 the business of the Structural Iron & Steel Company, which was originally started in 
 a small wooden shop at the junction of Bush Street and the B. & O. R. R. The ]3alti- 
 MORE Bridge Company now owns over eleven acres of land, comprising three blocks — 
 from the B. & 0. R. R. to Hamburg Street, and from Bush Street back to Gunpowder 
 Street — as well as a number of smaller structures, steel derricks, power houses, etc. 
 The three buildings fronting on Bush Street are leased to manufacturing plants in 
 other lines of business. 
 
 A considerable portion of the Bridge Company's business is for bridges and build- 
 ings exported to foreign countries. Among such completed contracts are all the bridges 
 on the Guatemala Transcontinental Railway; many bridges and buildings of the United 
 Fruit Company in Costa Rica and Panama; and the largest sugar mill in the world, 
 at Nipe Bay, Cuba. The Company has also furnished a large order of collapsible steel 
 concrete forms for the Isthmian Canal Commission, and last winter furnished at the 
 Isthmus fourteen steel cable-way towers, now being used in the construction of tlie 
 Gatun Locks. The Company has also recently shipped 18,800 lineal feet of pipe line for 
 the Abangarez Gold Fields of Costa Rica. This pipe was 42 inches in diameter, made of 
 steel plates riveted together. 
 
 The Baltimore Bridge Company has also furnished bridges on the B. & O. R. R., 
 N. Y. 0. & W. R. R., New York Central, Erie. Boston & Maine, and otlier rail- 
 roads; and a few years ago constructed the notable steel arch bridge over the spillway 
 of the Croton Dam for the New York City Aqueduct Commission. 
 
 The Baltimore Bridge Company, as general contractors, has lately finished con- 
 struction of the complete new garbage plant at Bodkin Point, Md., and the United Fruit 
 Company's office and shed on Pier 1. Pratt Street, Baltimore, and is now completing tlie 
 two story Pier 8 for the B. & 0. R. R. at Locust Point, same being 930 feet long by 
 140 feet wide. 
 
 The Baltimore Bridge Company has furnished steel work for a great many build- 
 ings in Baltimore, including the Fayette Street extension of the Bernheimers; Caswell 
 Hotel, Hotel .Tunkcr, irown Cork and Seal factory. Masonic Temple, and now has the 
 contract for 2. ,500 tons of steel for the new Fidelity Building, and it is at the present 
 time furnishing steel work for an apartnuMit house in New York City for the Silverman 
 Estate, E. M. Krulenwitch, Twenty-second Regiment Armory, U. S. Assay office and a 
 new club house for the B. P. 0. Elks. 
 
 The Baltimore Bridge Company has a reputation for turning out the best work, 
 ahd its financial rating is of the highest. 
 
 I2b4 
 
twenty-five years, his beneficent activity in the Grand Lodge, Knights of Pythias, as chair- 
 man of Committee of Transient Relief ; he was secretary of his own lodge for more than 
 thirty-five years, doing much personally to relieve the sick, the widow and orphans. Standing 
 almost alone, a foreign Jew, he has compelled attention to his demands that the principles 
 of non-sectarianism of the orders be vigorously adhered to, so that changes of the Christo- 
 logical references in the ritual, in oaths and obligations and in funeral services were made 
 as the result of his persistent eflForts; again, in the Order of Mechanics, he prevented the 
 formation of a Christian side-order, much like the Knights of Templar in its relation to 
 Freemasonry, for which services he was duly honored by both orders. When he reached the 
 age of seventy-five years both Grand Lodges sent him engrossed resolutions of flattering con- 
 gratulation. At seventy-eight years he served with distinction on the grand jury, being 
 highly complimented by his fellow jurors in formal resolutions for his good judgment, help- 
 fulness and active service. His high standards in business (he conducts a sporting goods 
 store at 900 and 902 East Baltimore Street) have procured for him the high esteem of the 
 citizens of Baltimore in all walks, notably among the officers of financial institutions; but 
 because of his sacrifice of time for communal work, he has never amassed any wealth. This 
 unselfish devotion to the interests of others without a thought of himself, following closely 
 rabbinical tradition and observances and his unbounded faith in God, he considers as the key- 
 note of his beneficient activity, although it has not brought him success in life in the com- 
 mon acceptation of the term. And this firm reliance on the Almighty stood him in good 
 stead when, in his eightieth year (July 24, 1909), he had to be operated on to save his life 
 from strangulation of the bowels ; he declined to allow the surgeons to use any anaesthetic on 
 him, and yet suffered no shock and had no perceptible rise in temperature as a result. His 
 family consists of two surviving daughters, Miss Henrietta Hartogensis, who is of the editorial 
 staff of The Jewish Exponent; Miss Delia Hartogensis; Mr. Moses Hartogensis, associated 
 with him in the management of his business, and Mr. Benjamin Hartogensis, the lawyer. 
 There are five grandchildren, three of whom are associated with their father, S. A. Hartogen- 
 sis, of New York City, in the conduct of the Weiss Manufacturing Company. Mr. Henry S. 
 Hartogensis is a genial companion and an entertaining talker, his familiarity with Talmudic 
 and Jewish lore rendering his anecdotes especially interesting. Moreover, his time, his efiForts 
 and his purse, as well as his counsel, have always been at the disposal of the many who came 
 to see him; wherefore he was most serviceable in helping young men in starting their careers. 
 
 285 
 
SPA C'Kl.KK KlUUl.i;, AXXAPOLIS, .MU. (,11UU I'KKT LUM. ) 
 
 LAUER & HARPER CO. 
 
 Engineering, Contracting and Manufacturing 
 
 Structural Steel for Buildings and Bridges 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This Compauj- was established in 1900, by W. J. Lauer and Isaac O. Harper, and in 1902 the firm 
 was incorporated as the Lauer & Harper Co., the officers of which are WendeUn J. Lauer, President: James 
 A. Smyser, Vice-President, and Isaac O. Harper, Secretary and Treasurer. This Company is one of the 
 very important manufacturing industries of Baltimore, maintaining a large and thoroughly equipped 
 plant at Westport, Md. 
 
 Lauer & Harper Co. are Contractors, Engineers and manufacturers of Structural Steel for Buildings 
 and Bridges. The capacity of the plant is 500 tons of finished product per month. 
 
 Mr. W. J. Lauer began business in 1892 and later, with Mr. ,J. W. Leroux, formed the Structural Iron 
 Company. Mr. I. O. Harper joined with Lauer and Leroux in 1S97, when the Structural Iron Company 
 was incorporated. In 190(1 Messrs. Lauer and Harper sold out their interest in the Structural Iron Company 
 and founded the partnership and the corporation as first mentioned. The magnitude of this Company 
 may be inferred from the selected list of fulfilled contracts mentioned below: 
 
 BRIDGES FOR 
 
 United Railway & Electric Co 
 
 Dickeyville Bridge 
 
 North St. Elevated (Reconstruction) 
 
 Mt. Washington Viaduct (Reconstruction) 
 
 Huntington Ave. Viaduct 
 
 Baltimore & Ohio R.R. 
 
 Philadelphia & Western R R. 
 
 New York Central & Harlem River R.R 
 
 Wllkins Ave. Bridge. 
 
 Severn River Bridge. 
 
 Baltimore & Annapolis Short Line R.R. 
 
 Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis Electric Ry. 
 
 Seaboard Air Line. 
 
 Chesapeake & Ohio R.R. 
 
 Washington Southern R.R. 
 
 Philadelphia, Bristol & Trenton St. Ry. 
 
 Marshall St. (Viaduct), Richmond, Va. 
 
 BUILDINGS 
 
 Maryland Institute. 
 
 Baltimore Custom House. 
 
 .Marvland Casualty Co. (.\ddition;. 
 
 First National Bank. 
 
 Standard Oil Co. 
 
 Consoliila(ed (ias Co. 
 
 Singer Building. 
 
 Swindell Bros. 
 
 Geo. (lUnther, Jr., Brewing Co 
 
 Samuel Kirk & Sons Co 
 
 Hotel ('aswell (Addition) 
 
 ■jhe Kaiser 
 
 Crown Cork & Seal Co. 
 
 NatioiKil iMiameling & Stamping Co. 
 
 Harlan .V llolliutisworth Co.. Wilmington, Del. 
 
 Philadcl|)iiia Rapid Transit Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Parker Ileusel Eugmeering Co., Brunswick, Ga. 
 
 .Maryland Portland Cement Co.. Hagerstown, .Md. 
 
 Terminal Warehouse. N. C. R. R. 
 
 28(3 
 
JONAS SCHLOSS (DECEASED 
 
 287 
 
YARDS, SHEDS AND PLANT OF ORR, EPPLEY & CO. 
 
 ORR, EPPLEY & COMPANY 
 
 Staves, Lumber and 
 Mill Work 
 
 Sash, Doors and Blinds, Hardwood Lumber, Flooring 
 and Interior Finish 
 
 WARNER AND STOCKHOLM STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Orr, Eppley & Co. in 1905 succeeded A. Pfeil & Co., wlneli 
 had been established since 1865, and the members of which 
 were A. Pfeil and Wartman Orr. Mr. Everett S. Eppley is 
 the sole member of the firm of Orr, Eppley & Co. The yards, 
 sheds and plant used by this company cover a large block of 
 ground at the corner of Warner and Stockholm Streets. Orr, 
 Eppley & Co. are extensive dealers in lumber and mill work 
 and staves, being large exporters of the latter commodity, and 
 the methods of the firm have won for it high favor among 
 building contractors and the business public generally. 
 
 288 
 
MEYEK SCHLOSS 
 
 % 
 
 r^^^ 
 
 >89 
 
RICE BROS. VIENNA BAKERY 
 
 RICE BROS. BAKING CO., Incorporated 
 
 3C8-324 N. GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This old bakery was established in 1868 by Mr. D. H. Rice in an unpretentious 
 way at 417 North High Street. Later INIr. Lewis C. Rice, a brother of I). II. Rice, was 
 taken into the firm under the title of Rice Bros. Co., with D. H. Rice as president and 
 Lewis C. Rice vice-president and general manager. In 1S70 the business was moved 
 to larger quarters at 308 North Gay Street. In 1888 Rice Rros. Co. was incorporated, 
 and at the present time the company utilizes nine buildings, running from 308 to 324 
 North Gay Street, with a frontage of 135 feet and a depth of 240 feet, back to 
 Mechanic's Court. The plant is among the largest in Baltimore and is equipped with 
 every labor-saving device and all the latest improved automatic machinery for handling 
 the flour and kneading the bread, so that it may be truthfully stated that the bread 
 is made and baked entirely by mechanical process. The Rice Bros, plant is a veritable 
 bee-hive of industry, as may be inferred from the fact that the daily output of this 
 bakery is 50,000 loaves of bread and from 10,000 to 12,000 pies. The special brands of 
 bread' baked by this company are "Pan Dandy" and "Ikitter X)it." Rice Bros, also 
 make the famous '"Vienna Bread," whicli they originally introduced in Baltimore in 
 1880. Tiiirty delivery wagons are constantly employ(>d in delivering the products of 
 this bakery, and 115 bakers are kept busy to sujjply the enormous demand for the 
 delicious bread and pies which have made the name of Rice Bros, a synonym for bakery 
 excellence. 
 
 200 
 
LOUIS J. SCHXOSS 
 
 291 
 
L. A. HERSTEIN & COMPANY 
 
 Electrical Construction of 
 Every Description 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 INTERIOR MADISON AVENUE TEMPLE 
 
 L. A. Hersteiii & Co. were establislied in 1902 by ^Ir. L. A. Herstein, who. previous 
 to this time, had had a long experience as a practical electrician. This business was 
 originally located at 819 ]Madison Avenue and later at Eutaw and ^Nlnlbury Streets. 
 In 1907 the firm moved to its present location at 321 Eutaw Street. This firm does 
 electrical construction of every description, having every facility essential to its line, 
 including the maintenance of its own macliine shop. The motto of this business is 
 ''Good work done by good mechanics,"' at the lowest prices consistent with that kind 
 of work. Among some of the important installations of L. A. Herstein & Co. may be 
 notably mentioned : 
 
 Plant of the Baltimore Enameling & 
 Novelty Co. 
 
 Lexington Market. 
 
 Cross Street Market. 
 
 Archers' 20 Branches. 
 
 Talmud Torali Building. 
 
 Townsend Scott tt Sons' Bank. 
 
 Sydenham Hosjiital. 
 
 Maryland General Hospital. 
 
 Union Protestant Hospital (new build- 
 ing) . 
 
 MarVland :\Iilitarv Club. 
 
 Plant of the Hit tier Box; Co. 
 
 Bently-Shriver Building. 
 
 Kosenthal & Kann cottages of Jewish 
 Home for Consumptives. 
 
 Madison Avenue Temjili'. 
 
 Milton Avenue M. E. Churcli. 
 
 Hall, St. John's Luth. Church. 
 
 Trinity lAitheran Church. 
 
 Sharon Baptist Church. 
 
 Church of the Redeemer. 
 
 Martinis' Lutheran Church. 
 
 Polish National Church. 
 
 Advent Chapel. 
 
 I. O. O. F. Temple. 
 
 Oflice Building, .Md. Penitentiary. 
 
 Insane Department, Bay View Asylum. 
 
 HeV)rew Hospital (Infirmary). 
 
 Fire Boat Station, Pier No. 7. 
 
 Lycett Building, N. Cliarles Street. 
 
 Good Hope Hall. 
 
 and numerous fine residences and cottages. 
 
 292 
 
ALBERT H. FKANK 
 
 ■A-^ 
 
 AALTIMORC. 
 
 293 
 
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MARTIN J. LEHMAYER 
 
 297 
 
"EPSTEIN memorial" HOSPITAL 
 HEATING, VENTILATION, ELECTRICAL AND WATER-WORK SYSTEMS DESIGNED BY 
 
 PENNIMAN & FAIRLEY 
 
 PENNIMAN & FAIRLEY 
 
 General Engineering Practice, Water-Works Systems, Power 
 
 Plants, Sewer Systems, Hydro-Electric Development, 
 
 Steam-Heating Installation 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Penniman & Fairley was established in 1907 by Thomas D. Penniman 
 and George E. Fairley. Mr. Thomas D. Penniman received the degree of Ph.D., Johns 
 Hopkins University, and was formerly with the Rowland Telegraph Company and 
 Baltimore Electric Power Company. Mr. Penniman was awarded "Medal of Honor," 
 Paris Exposition, for representing the Rowland Telegraph of Baltimore at the Paris 
 Exposition, 1900. Mr. George E. Fairley, A. I. E. E., was formerlj' with the Allis- 
 Chalmers Company and the J. C. M. Lucas Company. ]\Ir. Fairley has had direct 
 personal charge of the installation of more than 100,000 horse-power of electrical 
 machinery of every description. Penniman & Fairley are consulting, designing and 
 supervising engineers for electric light and power developments, water works, heating 
 systems, etc. 
 
 A list of our work during the past few years inchules: 
 
 Walbert Apartment House. 
 Maryland Tuberculosis Sanatorium. 
 Epstein ^Memorial Hosi)ita]. 
 Macht Building. 
 Chas. Stockhausen. 
 Baltimore City Park Board. 
 United Surety Company. 
 Baltimore Pulverizing Company. 
 
 Tlie city of Parsons. W. Va., Water 
 
 System. 
 
 The town of Oakland. Md., Water and 
 Sewer System. 
 
 The town of Tluirmont, ^Ul., Hydro- 
 Electric Plant. 
 
 i'lic Citizens' Light & Power Company, 
 
 The city of Elkins. W. Va., Water System. Denton. Md. 
 
 21)8 
 
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 301 
 
WILLIAM F. ZELLER & COMPANY 
 
 Tin and Sheet Iron Workers 
 
 1119-21-23 DENVER STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tliis firm was established on October 2, 1905, by Win. F. Zeller and Emil P. Gunther, 
 prior to which time Mr. Zeller had had a long experience in the sheet metal business, 
 Mr. Gunther also being a man of large practical experience. The business was originally 
 established at its present location, where is maintained a plant equipped to handle ail 
 Avork promptly and satisfactorily, the size of contracts not entering into consideration, 
 the larger the better. Wm. F. Zeller & Co. manufacture roofing, cornices, skylight, 
 spouting and all other sheet metal work used in building construction, and also are 
 specialists in heating and ventilating. The policy of the business has been to make 
 certain that its work is a credit to the craft and that its parous may always be well 
 pleased. 
 
 Prominent Work 
 
 Atlantic Fruit Co.'s Pier 
 
 B. C. & A. Co.'s Pier 
 
 Betsy Levy Hospital 
 
 B. O. Fruit Exchange 
 
 Casino Theater, Wasjiington, D. C. 
 
 Carr Lowry Glass House 
 
 Citizens' Bank 
 
 Di. (liorgio Building 
 
 Davison Chemical Woiks 
 
 Daniel Miller Building 
 
 Emerson Glass House 
 
 Eastern Pratt Library 
 
 Engine Houses for Citv (6 in ruunli 
 
 Fish Market 
 
 Freihofer's Bakery 
 
 Gottschalk Building 
 
 German Corresponclent Building 
 
 Candy Belting Co. 
 
 Greenwald Packing Co. 
 
 Gambrills Warehouse 
 
 Li])ps. Murliack Co. 
 
 Mercliants" it Miners' Pier 
 
 Maryland Biscuit Co. 
 
 Rice's Bakery 
 
 Swindell Bros. Glass House 
 
 Stork Apaitment House 
 
 Shed— N. C. K.R. 
 
 St. Joseph's German Hospital 
 
 St. Benedict's School 
 
 Terminal Warehouse. C. & D. 
 
 U. S. Post-office Addition, Baltimore 
 
 Victoria Theater 
 
 Valiant Apartment House 
 
 Wilson Theater 
 
 Westminster College 
 
 Zells Garage 
 
 Kirby Building 
 
 Hebrew ir()S|)ital 
 
 ilul) I'uilding — .Annex 
 
 and otlicis too numerous to mention. 
 
 302 
 
OHASLES I. WEUXKB 
 
 X' 
 
 ■ALTtMORC. 
 
 303 
 
MERCHANTS' AND MINERS' TRANSPORTATION COMPANY 
 
 BaUimore has the distiiu'tion of ]K).sses^sing one, of the hirgest coastwise trans- 
 portation ooinpanies of the oountry. Like many great successes, it began in a small 
 way and met some staggering blows. The company of to-day. huge, progressive and 
 successful, is a tribute to American enterprise that will not be baffled by misfortune. 
 By special act of the General Assembly of Maryland, the company was incorporated 
 April 24, 1852. After much delay and many postponements, a subscription list was 
 opened and the necessary capital acquired. 
 
 The breaking out of the Civil War in 1861 practically put a stop to the carrying 
 on of tiie enterprise, and when the "Joseph Whitney" was sold to the War Departnient 
 as a transport and the "Spaulding" and "Deford," as well, went into Government 
 service the M-hole enterprise appeared disrupted. Added to its misfortune was the 
 burning of the "Wm. Jenkins" at Savannah in 1864. With no fleet and no business, 
 it is amazing to read that, like a piece of vibrant steel, the company one year after the 
 war had swung back into its original position; in fact, with more business than before. 
 The same year the "Jenkins" was burned at Savannah, the "Geo. Appold" and "Wm. 
 Kennedy" were built, and in 1867 steamers were run from Boston to Noi-folk. and 
 thence to Baltimore, and the same route on return. In 1873 the Baltimore-Providence 
 Line, running via Norfolk, was re-established, and in 1876 the Baltimore Savannah Line 
 was established, followed in 1900 by the starting of a line from Philadelphia to 
 Savannah. Tlie Philadelphia and Boston Line and the Philadelphia, P'all River and 
 Providence Line was purchased May, 11)07. In June, 1909, the Baltimore-Savannah Line 
 was extended to Jacksonville, Fla. 
 
 Mr. J. C. Whitney is president of tlie company. The general offices of the com])any 
 are located in Baltimore, Md. 
 
 BALTIMORE & PHILADELPHIA STEAMBOAT COMPANY 
 
 ERICSSON LINE 
 
 Througli the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal first ran, some sixty-four years ago, 
 and still continues to run, what is now the only bay steamboat line running from Balti- 
 more that remains independent. 
 
 This is the Baltimore and Philadelphia Steamboat Company, whicli was established 
 in 1844 by John S. Shriver (grandfather of Clarence Shriver, present Baltimore man- 
 ager) and chartered in the State of Maryland February 23d of that year. The first 
 officers of the line were: President, John S. Shriver; Treasurer and Secretary, 11. L. 
 Gaw; Directors, John S. Shriver, of Baltimore; H. L. Gaw, Jr., George Neiles and 
 John A. Weart, of Philadelphia. The line has never changed owners, but has descended 
 from father to son as a maritime inheritance. 
 
 The present officers of the Baltimore and Philadelphia Company are: President. 
 John Cadwalader, of Philadelphia; Secretary and Treasurer, Henry L. Gaw, Jr.; ]\ran- 
 ager, Clarence Shriver: Agent, F. S. Groves, of Philadelphia; Cashier, Charles W. Dufl'. 
 
 The successive presidents have been: John S. Sliriver, Gen. George Cadwaladei-. of 
 Philadelphia; Mr. J. Alexander Shriver, of Baltimore, son of Mr. John S. Shriver; and 
 Mr. John Cadwalader. of Philadelphia, nephew of (!en. George Cadwalader. 
 
 The line has long been known as the Ericsson Line, because these boats were the 
 first to use the Ericsson propeller. sha])cd like a four-leaf clover. 
 
 304 
 
TANCHUM SILBEEMAN 
 
 305 
 
m THE SHOPPING DISTRICT 
 
 CALVERT BANK 
 HOWARD AND SARATOGA STS., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 PAUL MASSON 
 
 IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER'S AGENT, SAFETY MATCHES 
 OF ALL SIZES, KINDS AND DESCRIPTIONS 
 
 104 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was established by Mr. Paul Masson in 190G at 104 South Gay Street. 
 Mr. Masson is a manufacturers' and importers' agent for Safety Matches, and United 
 States representative for three European factories. 
 
 He makes a specialtj^ of handling matches put up in form for advertising any 
 and every line of business. Mr. Masson's trade extends from Te.vas to Maine and from 
 New York to California, being covered by traveling salesmen and by general mail-order 
 lines. Tlie annual business transacted by Mr. Masson amounts to a quarter of a million 
 gross, and is, as has been the case during the past four years, constantly showing 
 large increase. 
 
 306 
 
FREDERICK H. GOTTLIEB 
 
 307 
 
"THE KAISER" 
 
 Ralph Goldman, Proprietor 
 
 Restaurant and Bowling Alleys 
 
 2120-2126 MADISON AVENUE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 ''"'§_ !|^g 
 
 
 ^^?^H 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 "The Kaist'i" is one of J^altiiiKur's finest and exclusively select restaurants. Mr. 
 Ralph Goldman became proprietor of "The Kaiser" March 2G, 1908, and has rebuilt and 
 remodeled the establishment into one of the most superbly appointed family and social 
 restaurants in the United States, as may be glimpsed from the exterior and interior 
 views shown on this page. The cuisine is of that super-excellent quality which appeals 
 to the most exacting appetite with never-to-be-forgotten satisfaction. The surroundings 
 and appointments are in the most perfect harmony and the service is maintained at the 
 highest point of promptness. 
 
 In connection with "The Kaiser" is conducted a range of first-class bowling alleys, 
 which enjoy a large patronage. The situation of "The Kaiser" is convenient to the 
 aristocratic residential section of the city, being the only high-class restaurant in the 
 northern section of Baltimore. Mr. Goldman, prior to his connection with "The Kaiser," 
 was widely known in business circles, having been associated with the firms of H. & E. 
 Hartman & Co., Nusbaum & Meyers and The Baltimore Bargain Plouse. 
 
 mi^ 
 
 fi;§-e~9fl- 
 
 308 
 
RALPH GOLDMAN 
 
 309 
 
MONOGRAM 
 LUNCH AND DINING ROOM 
 
 122 WEST BALTIMORE STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Monogram lAinch and Dining Room, one of Baltimore's most repre- 
 sentative eating establishments, was established in 1901 by Mr. C. O. C'airnes, 
 in whose hands the management still rests, 'riic original location of tiie 
 "Monogram" was the same as at present, 122 W. Baltimore Street. During 
 the great fire of 1904 this building was destroyed, but immediately rebuilt 
 by Mr. Cairnes, and equipped with every modern idea for a fir.st-class dining- 
 room. The patronage enjoyed by this dining-rdom not only inohides the most 
 
 representative (if Baltimore's hiisiiicss incii. Iml i-^ ((iiially well knuwn to 
 visiting merchants from the entire Soulli. being ciilcrtiiini'il lieic by wliolc- 
 sale dealers when in P)altiiii()rc pun'li;isiii'.i I heir >cMs<in's s!ii)j)lii'>. 
 
 The "Monogram'" is diicctl.N opiin^itc lli." I'.umts' Kchilc l).>|i:iil inml of 
 the Merchants'*!!; Maniifad incrs' Assccinl ion, at tlic cnincr of Hopkins Place 
 and Baltimore Street, and on direct car lines to I'nicn, Cahcrt and Camden 
 Stations and all steamlxiat wharves. 
 
 AH) 
 
HARRY M. WOLF 
 
 311 
 
LOUIS H. RETTBERG 
 
 Manufacturer of Sausage and Dealer in 
 Delicatessen 
 
 ton and Hollins mar 
 Eutaw Street, where 
 cheese, canned meat, 
 fish, sausage and 
 o t li e r dietary 
 dainties. 
 
 Mr. Rettberg was 
 born in New York 
 in April, 1864. He 
 was educated in the 
 public schools, and 
 took a business 
 course at Sadler's 
 Bryant & Stratton 
 College. 
 
 The trade to which 
 ]\Ir. Rettberg caters 
 includes people in 
 all walks of life, 
 for as has been 
 said: "One taste of 
 Rettberg's sausage 
 makes all the world 
 akin." 
 
 cets 
 he V 
 
 Mr. Rettberg started business in a very 
 novel waj^ ^^'ith but scant resources and 
 a tliorough knowledge of the sausage business 
 he began manufacturing in a very small way 
 at 1«)2G East Madison Street. His first 
 smoking apparatus was a sugar barrel which 
 he placed on four bricks over a small wood 
 fire; on the top of the barrel he placed a bag 
 and from wire stretched inside the barrel he 
 suspended the sausages. 
 
 Putting these sausages in baskets he car- 
 ried them by hand to the market. This 
 meant repeated trips and entailed much 
 hardship. At the end of six months, however, 
 he had accumulated enough money to pur- 
 chase a horse and wagon. Mr. Rettberg's 
 business may be said to have been established 
 in February, 1904, since which time his 
 business has been steadily growing until now 
 he is owner of four places of business, includ- 
 ing his own factory, killing and curing plant 
 and his residence at 2819 Pennsylvania 
 Avenue. ^Ir. Rettberg has stalls in Lexing- 
 and conducts a magnificent delicatessen store at 224 North 
 ends nil manner of foreign and domestic delicacies, such as 
 
 312 
 
S, J. SALZMAN, D.B.S. 
 
 313 
 
COHEN & HUGHES 
 
 DEALERS AND DISTRIBUTORS OF 
 
 Pianos, Orchestrians, Victor Talking Machines, 
 Regina Music Boxes 
 
 AND SMALL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 
 
 The firm of Colien & Hughes 
 was establislied in 1899 by Mrs. 
 J da M. Lumpkin and I. Son 
 C'olit'n. ^Ir. I. Son Cohen be- 
 came tlie sole owner of the busi- 
 ness in 1900, and prior to 
 founding the above firm lived 
 in Canada, coming from there 
 to Baltimore to accept a posi- 
 tion witli the music house of 
 Otto Sutro & Co., in the em- 
 ])loy of which he remained un- 
 til Mr. Sutro's death. 
 
 The business was started at 
 .")21 North EutaAv Street, and 
 later moved to larger quarters 
 at 304 North Howard Street 
 and 119 and 121 East Balti- 
 more Street, then to the present 
 
 location, Mr, North Howard Street, where may be found at all times complete lines of 
 
 high-grade Pianos, Orchestrians, Talking Machines Music Boxes and a General Line of 
 
 other Small and Automatic Musical Instruments. 
 
 The policy of Cohen & Hughes is to supply Musical Instruments manufactured only 
 
 by representative and old established houses, at fair prices, and to extend credit 
 
 wherever justified, thereby en- 
 abling their patrons to acquire 
 
 instruments by paying a small 
 
 amount monthly, which would 
 
 not be possible were a large 
 
 monthly payment exacted. The 
 
 rule of the house, to allow any 
 
 instruments to be returned or 
 
 exchanged when not satisfac- 
 
 toiy within a period of one 
 
 year from date of purcliase, has 
 
 won for it a liost of thoroughly 
 
 satisfied patrons, who realize 
 
 from experience that the safest 
 
 ri'[)resentation is one that bears' 
 
 the absolute guarantee of the 
 
 representor. intkrior view of a c. & H. hai;i>m\\ i viajni 
 
 315 NORTH HOWARD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 INTERIOR VIEW OF ONE OF COHEN & HUGHES 
 VICTOR PAHLOIiS 
 
 ;m 
 
i. SON COHEN 
 
 315 
 
CONSOLIDATED COTTON DUCK^CO. 
 
 Cotton Duck 
 
 FOR EXPORT AND HOME TRADE 
 
 CONTINENTAL BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Manufacturers of over (80) eighty per cent, of the world's Cotton Duck, producing 
 the following brands: 
 
 Mt. Vernon 
 
 Woodberry 
 
 Aretas 
 
 Ontario 
 
 Franklinville 
 
 Laurel 
 
 Druid Mills 
 
 Stark 
 
 La Grange 
 
 Yellow Jacket 
 
 Polhemus 
 
 Turner Mills 
 
 Harvester 
 
 Greenwoods 
 
 Imperial 
 
 Ravens 
 
 Bear 
 
 Tallassee 
 
 Hartford 
 
 Buffalo 
 
 Elkwood 
 
 Richland 
 
 Yemassee 
 
 Lake Roland 
 
 Parneton 
 
 Parkside 
 
 Montanna 
 
 Avondale 
 
 Excelsior 
 
 Manufacturers of Sail and Yacht Ducks for all Marine purposes; Naught or Mining 
 Ducks; United States Army Standard Duck. 281/2 inches wide; Paper Felts and Press 
 Cloth, all widths and numbers; Cotton Canvas for wagon covers; Tarpaulins; Hard, 
 Medium and Soft Seine and Sail Twines; Cotton Rope and Seamless Grain Bags. 
 
 A specialty is made of duck for belting, hose and all other kinds of mechanical 
 rubber goods. 
 
 All goods manufactured from best quality of American Cotton. 
 
 J. Spencer Turner Co., 86 Worth Street, New York, Sole Selling Agents. 
 
 316 
 
JACOB H. HOLLANDER 
 
 317 
 
iJIV-r 
 
 TYPE OF CAR USED ON 
 
 WASHINGTON, BALTIMORE & ANNAPOLIS ELECTRIC RY. 
 
 THE FINEST ELECTRIC RAILWAY IN THE WORLD 
 
 This Company has spent $1,000,000 in ehminating grade crossing of railroads and public highways. 
 Cars urn to the heart of Baltimore and Washington and direct to the gates of the United States Naval 
 Academy, Annapolis. 
 
 THE BALTIMORE, CHESAPEAKE AND ATLANTIC RAILWAY COMPANY 
 
 AND 
 
 THE MARYLAND, DELAWARE AND VIRGINIA RAILWAY COMPANY 
 
 Tlii.s company own and operate thirty-two steamers on tlie Chesapeake Bay and 
 tributaries, maintaining freiglit and passenger service of the highest order. 
 
 The territory traversed by tliese steamers is known as "The Garden Spot of tlie 
 World," as in tliis country tliere is notliing known tliat cannot be grown, and as an 
 ideal place for summering, it is witluiut ecjual. 
 
 Printed matter regarding the service, rates and destinations will be furnished on 
 application. 
 
 Mr. W'illard Tliomson is (leneral ^lanager, and T. Murdocli Ceneral Passengei- 
 Agent, witli (Jeiieral Ollices Pier 1. Pratt Street. 
 
 31S 
 
DR. JULIUS FKTEDENWAUD 
 
 319 
 
CHARLES WILLMS SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CO. 
 300 NORTH HOWARD STREET, BALTIMORE MD. 
 
 This reliable house was established in 1876, and came under its present manage- 
 ment in 1892. The officers of the company are: Mr. .John (J. Holmes, president; George 
 W. Marsh, general manager; Hufus W. Applegarth, secretary and treasurer. The firm 
 occupies old-established headquarters at the northwest corner of Howard and Saratoga 
 Streets, where is made and shown the largest line of surgical instruments and appli- 
 ances in the South. The factory, which is maintained by the "Willms Company," is 
 equipped with facilities and apparatus for the manufacture of surgical instruments and 
 orthopedic work, which give it a reputation equal to the best in the country. The 
 policy of the Willms Ct>nipany has been to satisfy its customers and to keep on hand 
 a full and complete assortment of instruments and appliances of every description 
 known to the profession. 
 
 CHARLES A. EUKER & COMPANY 
 
 (D. HARRY CHAMBERS, PROP.) 
 312-314 NORTH HOWARD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm was estal)lishcd November 1, 1898, by Mr. Charles A. Euker, under the 
 above style. On June 1, 190.5, Mr. D. Harry Chambers became associated with the 
 business, and is now successor to the old firm, but still retains the original name of 
 Charles A. Euker & Company. The first location of this well-known business was at 
 Lexington and Liberty Streets, and tlie present location is 312-314 North Howard 
 Street, where is maintained one of the best-ecjuipped establishments in the city. 
 
 Charles A. Euker & Company arc ])rescription opticians, and handle a full line of 
 opthalmological instruments and accessories, ajid optical merchandise in general. 
 
 320 
 
NAPOLEON B. LOBE 
 
 321 
 
SHARP & DOHME 
 
 Manufacturing Chemists and Pharmacists 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The world-famous house of Sharp & Dohme was established in 1860 
 by Messrs. A. P. Sharp, l»uis Dohme and Charles E. Dohme. This business 
 had previously been conducted by Mr. A. P. Sharp as a drugstore from 
 1845 to 18()0, with which Messrs. Louis and Charles E. Dolime were asso- 
 ciated as clerks. 
 
 Mr. A. P. Sharp retired in 1885, and Mr. Ernest StaufFen became 
 connected with the business in 1880, and Mr. A. R. L. Dohme in 1892, when 
 the firm was incorporated. The original location of this business was at 
 301 and 303 W. Pratt Street, and at the present time occupies its own 
 mammoth manufacturing plant extending from 301 to 317 W. Pratt Street, 
 200 to 212 S. Howard Street, and 300 to 316 Dover Street. Sharp & 
 Dohme are manufacturing chemists and pharmacists, manufacturing all 
 medicines used by the physician in his prescriptions. Tlie company em- 
 ploys about 800 operatives, 125 salesmen, and witli its office force has in 
 its employment about 1,000 people. Its products are sold all over this 
 country, in South and Central America and England. The aim of the firm 
 has been to make the purest and best grade of every preparation, and to 
 employ only the most competent help, imder the supervision of a scien- 
 tifically trained staff, which policy has resulted in the manufacture of 
 high grade goods only ; i. <?., absolutely the best. Sharp & Dohme main- 
 tain branch houses in New York, Philadelphia, Richmond, Atlanta, New 
 Orleans, St. Louis and Chicago. 
 
 The officers of the company are: Louis Dohme, President; Charles E. 
 Dohme, Vice-President; A. R. L. Dohme, Second Vice-President; Ernest 
 Stauffen, Secretary and Treasurer. 
 
 Sharp &i.DoHME 
 
 Baltimore. 
 
 322 
 
DR. JOSEPH E. GICHNEB 
 
 ^.v^^ 
 
 BALTIMORE. 
 
 323 
 
GILPIN, LANGDON & COMPANY 
 
 Wholesale Druggists 
 
 and Grinders of High Grade Drugs and Spices 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlie old house of Gilpin, rjiinydoii & Compaii.v, wlio siK'cceiied Oanby, Gilpin & Co., was establislii'd 
 in 1845 by Thomas Y. Canby, later associated with him, Wra. Canby and Bernard Giliiin, under the 
 firm name of Canliy, Gilpin & Company. Thos. Y. Canby, Wm. Canby and Bernard Gilpin are deceased. 
 The present company, trading as Gilpin. Langdon & Company, has for its otlicers : Henry B. Gilpin, 
 president ; Chas. F. Husted, vice-president and treasurer. This firm was for many years located at the 
 northwest corner of Light and Lombard Streets, but now is located at .300 and 302 West Lombard Street. 
 
 324 
 
DR. HARRY AULER 
 
 325 
 
CARR, OWENS & COMPANY 
 
 The linn of C'arr, Owens & Cinnpany 
 was estiiblished Marcli Ki. 18i)2. \>y Mr. 
 John \V. Carr, Joseph A. Owens, , lames 
 Owens, C. J. Ileinenian, all of whom were 
 clerks in the firm of C'arr Bros. & Co., 
 wholesale dnirrgists, and the firm as es- 
 tablished at the above address was known 
 as C'arr, Owens & Heineman. Mr. C. J. 
 Heineman witlulrew from the company in 
 March. 1905, which is tlie only change 
 that has taken place in the personnel of 
 the firm. The original location of the 
 business was 32 West CJerman Street, and 
 later 8 and 10 South Liberty Street; the 
 present location being 27 South Howard 
 Street, where is maintained an establisji- 
 ment thoroughly equipped and amply 
 stocked to meet the large and groAving 
 business. C'arr, Owens & Co. are jobbers 
 of drugs and specialties, and handle one 
 of the most representative stocks in the 
 city. The territorj' covered by this house, 
 through its many traveling salesmen, is 
 very large. The policy has been to prog- 
 ress, and that this policy has been main- 
 tained by methods of enterprise and in- 
 tegrity is shown by the steady increase of 
 sales each year since the inception of the 
 firm. 
 
 SWINDELL BROS. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF BRUGGISTS', CHEMISTS' AND PERFUMERS" 
 BOTTLES AND WINDOW GLASS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Swindell 
 P>rothers was established 
 in 1873 by William, 
 (ieorge E., John W. and 
 Walter B. Swindell. The 
 present members of tlie 
 firm are Walter ]>.. 
 Charles J. B. Swindell. 
 X. ^loorc and H. 0. 
 Brawner. The original 
 place of business was at 
 10-12 E. Lombard Street. 
 Swindell Brothers at 
 present occupy an exten- 
 sive plant at the corner 
 of Bayard and Rnssi'll 
 Streets, covering two city blocks. This firm manufactures a full line of druggists', 
 chemists' and perfumers' bottles and window glass and ship goods all over the country, 
 employing eight traveling salesmen. They also have a large trade on the Pacific Coast 
 and in Canada. The firm employs about 400 workmen in its plant, and ranks as one 
 of the very important manufacturing interests of Baliiniore City. 
 
 32 ti 
 
DR. SAMUEL WOLMAN 
 
 BALTinORC. 
 
 327 
 
GARDINER DAIRY 
 
 Milk, Cream, Buttermilk and Ice Cream 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 'I'lie Gardiner Dairy Com- 
 pany was founded March 3, 
 1!)0;}. Tt is the lofjical suc- 
 cessor to the Filston Farm, 
 founded by Edward Austen 
 in 1882, at which time Mr. 
 Austen, having a number of 
 imported Jersey cattle, be- 
 lieved that the milk of these 
 cattle would please the 
 people of Baltimore, and as 
 a result he he<>an to market 
 tlie milk, which foimd im- 
 mediate favor with the buy- 
 ing public. 
 
 Following Mr. Austen's 
 death, his nephew, Mr. Asa 
 B. Gardiner, Jr., took up 
 the management, and with 
 the continual growth of the 
 business, property at 520- 
 524 N. Calvert Street was 
 bought, and the scope of the 
 business was enlarged. 
 
 A year after this, Mx. 
 Gardiner retired from the 
 management and started in 
 business as manager of the 
 Gardiner Dairy Company, 
 and about one year after 
 this the Filston business went into the hands of a receiver, and tiie Gardiner Dairy 
 bought the property on Calvert Street, and continued to grow and increase the business 
 until it is now by far the largest in Baltimore City. Also they took up the ice cream 
 business, which is supplemental to the dairy business, and put it on tirst-class lines, 
 from which department comes a very large part of the total volume of business of the 
 Gardiner Dairy. 
 
 Within the past year they have bought additional property for stable purposes in 
 order to iiouse their horses, numbering about 100. They have built in concrete an ice 
 cream plant that is second to none in this country, and they now luive plans under 
 way for a Milk Building which will contain every modern dairy appliance, and provided 
 with sanitary requirements of the highest order. This building will also be a strictly 
 concrete structure. 
 
 The success of the Gardiner Dairy has been dependent on three things: 
 1st. The confidence and respect of the producing farmers who, working in close 
 touch with the dairy management, liave produced a quality of milk for the patrons of 
 the dairy that is not equalled by any other concern in the city. 
 
 2d. The confidence of the customers, who, receiving a first-class article, have learned 
 that the management leaves nothing undone to maintain the highest possible standard 
 in quality and service. 
 
 .3d. The attitude of the employees of this business, who realize that the success of 
 the business will reflect in increased wages and better positions. 
 
 The voliune of business is now over one-half million a year, and continues to grow 
 monthly. 
 
 The officers of the company are: 
 
 T. V. RicHAKDSON President R. C. Stewart Secretary 
 
 A. A. Bi.AKKNEY Vice-President Asa B. Gardixer, Jr., Treas. and Manager 
 
 C. G. WiLBOURN Superintendent 
 
 "THE SIGN OF SUBPASSING MILK' 
 
 328 
 
DK. JOSEPH BLUM 
 
 329 
 
HOLME & WADDINGTON 
 
 Butter, Eggs, Milk and Cream 
 
 1422 DRUID HILL AVENUE 
 
 (JFl ICE, UAIKY AXD rASXKUUIZIXG DEPARTMENT 
 
 The high reputation of this firm, whose name is so favorably associated with surpassing dairy products, 
 began with its establishment in 1890, by R. Henry Hohne and Ernst A. Waddington. The first business 
 location of Holme & AVaddington was at 1140 Druid Hill Ave., and their present establishment is at 1420- 
 1422 Druid Hill Ave., where is maintained a most modern equipment for the perfect pasteurization of 
 the purest milk and of the finest butter, which comes to them from the most celebrated creameries in this 
 section of the country. The firm maintains a most efficient system of delivery to its patrons, both in 
 the city and in the suburbs, the aim being to supply the Healthiest, Cleanest and the Sweetest dairy prod- 
 ucts that conscientious skill can insure in the promptest and most satisfactory way. 
 
 330 
 
DE. SYLVAN II. LIKES 
 
 331 
 
"FINE MILK FROM FINE HERDS" 
 
 WALNUT GROVE DAIRY COMPANY 
 
 BASIL GARDNER, Proprietor 
 
 Vendors of Superior 
 Milk, Butter and Dairy Products 
 
 2620-24 FRANCIS STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Walnut Grove Dairy Company was established in 1890 by Mr. Basil Gardner. 
 In fact, on December 1, 1890, Mr. Gardner, with three gallons of milk in hand, began a 
 business; which on December 1, 1909, is putting out daily twelve hundred gallons of 
 milk, employing eleven delivery wagons. The milk handled by this dairy is brought in 
 daily over the Western Maryland Railroad, especially from Baltimore and Carroll 
 Counties, where Mr. Gardner maintains his own farms. Mr. Gardner does not use 
 bottles, as he firmly believes that there is more danger of infection from poorly-cleansed 
 bottles than from any other source. Milk direct from the farm and direct to the con- 
 sumer at the lowest possible price is the policy whicli has won for the Walnut Grove 
 Dairy Company its high standing in the community. The Dairy also handles butter and 
 eggs and all dairy products. 
 
 332 
 
DR. SAMUEL AMBERG 
 
 W 
 
 /'v^ 
 
 333 
 
HYGEIA DAIRY 
 
 Pure Jersey Milk and High Grade Ice Cream, Ices, 
 Custards, Sherbets, etc. 
 
 CORNER MT. VERNON AVENUE AND 27th STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 OSCAR B. SCHIER & BROTHER, Proprietors 
 
 The Hygeia Dairy was established by Messrs. Oscar I). Schier and Carl F. Schier 
 ill 1892, for the special purpose of furnishing to Baltimore as puie an article of milk 
 and its products as possibly could be obtained. The smaller dairy building then erected, 
 althougli equipped with every means of handling the milk in a sanitary condition, has 
 since been replaced by a large structure, covering 150x75 feet, with adjoining yard 
 space covering three times this area. 
 
 The milk furnished by the Hygeia Dairy is produced under tlie most hygienic 
 conditions, the process of which is watched carefully by a graduate of Cornell Uni- 
 versity, who makes frequent inspections for this purpose. The greatest care in the 
 handling of the milk is taken at the dairy in order to insure an absolutely sanitary 
 product. 
 
 Mr. Schier was the first one in Ualtimore to give special attention to this kind of 
 work, having been himself especially lilted for it in Germany. 
 
 The dairy has always enjoyed the s]>('cial jiatronage of the leading physicians of 
 Baltimore. 
 
 334 
 
DE. SYDNEY M. CONE 
 
 335 
 
DR. BERNHARD MYER 
 
 Dr. Bernhard Myer is one of the old established dentists of Baltimore City. He 
 is the son of Abraham and Hannali Myer and was born on the 23d day of March at 
 Birstein, Germany. He was educated in the public schools and graduated from the 
 Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, beginning his practice in 1872. He has been a 
 member of the School Board of Oheb Shalom Congregation for twenty-six years. He is 
 affiliated with the Royal Arcanum and the Harmony Singing Society. He has been the 
 attending dentist of the Hebrew Orphan Home, the Hebrew Hospital and German Home 
 for the Aged since the origination of these institutions. Dr. Myer married Miss Rachel 
 Blumenthal on June 26, 1870, and has had five children, four of whom, viz., Dr. Simon 
 B. Myer, Jacob Myer, Dr. Louis A. Myer and Mrs. Sam T. Bruner, are living. 
 
 Dr. Myer was originally located at 414 Hanover Street. In 1893 he moved to 1102 
 Madison Avenue and in 1896 opened his present offices at the southeast corner of 
 Hanover and Fayette Streets. "Close application to my profession and conscientious 
 dealings with my fellowman" is Dr. Myer's explanation of the high position which he 
 occupies in the esteem of a large circle of friends and patrons. 
 
 N. B. LOBE & CO. 
 
 GENERAL AUCTIONEERS, IMPORTERS OF MATTINGS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 
 CARPETS, RUGS, OILCLOTH, ETC. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 N. B. Lobe & Co. was established in 1906 by Henry I. Lobe, S. Burns RatcliflFe and 
 Napoleon B. Lobe, succeeding Grotjan, Lobe & Co., who for forty years conducted the 
 general wholesale auction business. The original location of this business was 210 
 West Baltimore Street and its present location is 323 West Baltimore Street. N. B. 
 Lobe & Co. are general auctioneers, importers of mattings and wholesale dealers in 
 carpets, rugs and oilcloths, and have built up a stronp- position in the business com- 
 munity through the strict integrity of their nietliods of transacting business. 
 
 CHARLES F. OBRECHT 
 
 MACHINE BLACKSMITHING, PLUMBING AND GAS FITTING 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Obrecht since establishing his business has steadily increased its rank and 
 patronage. He maintained a high-class plant at 10 East Perry Street, thoroughly 
 equipped and running with electric and air power. Mr. Obrecht is engaged in marine 
 and machine blacksmithing, plumbing and gasfitting, heavy forging, and makes a 
 specialty of auto repairs, machinery and all its branches. 
 
 336 
 
337 
 
CUMBERLAND COAL COMPANY 
 
 The Cumberland Coal Company was established October 1, 1885, the old stock- 
 holders and directors being Hon. H. G. Davis, Hon. A. P. Corman, Hon. S. 1). Elkins, 
 :\Ir. Wm. H. Gorman, Mr. Robert Ober. 
 
 The present directors are Mr. Wm. H. Gorman, ^Ir. Douglas Gorman, Hon. A. P. 
 Gorman, Jr.. ]\Ir. T. L. Marriott and ^Ir. Blaine Elkins. The original location of this 
 business was in the Keyser Building, Gorman Street, and its present offices are at 912 
 Continental Building. 
 
 Its mine and coke ovens are located at Douglas, Tucker County, W. Va., the 
 product being sold throughout the East and West, North and South, and Canada. 
 
 The Cumberland Coal Company are manufacturers of "Douglas" furnace and 
 foundry coke, and are miners and shippers of the unexcelled "Douglas" steam and 
 smithing coal, and shippers Big Vein George's Creek coal. 
 
 THE DROVERS' & MECHANICS' NATIONAL BANK 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Drovers' & IMechanics' National Bank was estal)lislied in 1875, at the corner 
 of Baltimore and Carey Streets, by the following gentlemen: Jacob Ellinger (who was 
 a very prominent Hebrew), Wm. Eden, W. D. Miller, James L. Bayliss. Dr. C. H. Jones, 
 Lewis Myers, John Turnbull, Jr., Gary IMcClellan, Felix IVIcCurly, Jesse Hay, all of 
 whom, except ]\lr. John Turnbull, Jr., are deceased. Mr. Ellinger was the first presi- 
 dent of this bank. In 1883 the Drovers' & Mechanics' National Bank moved to the cor- 
 ner of Fayette and Eutaw Streets, and for eleven years occupied the old Albert Build- 
 ing, which had previously been occupied as a pajier-hanging establishment. 
 
 In 1894 the magnificent present structure was erected, and this bank now ranks 
 as one of the leading financial institutions in the citj\ The officers are: Paul A. 
 Seeger, president, who succeeded the late James Clark, and Charles vS. Miller, cashier. 
 Mr. Miller has been identified with this bank during its whole existence, \vith the ex- 
 ception of the first two years. The directors are: Paul A. Seeger, Chas. Adler, J. H. 
 Schnepfe, Robt. D. Hopkins, F. C. Wachter, Dr. M. H. Carter, Hamilton G. Fant, Geo. 
 W. Kirwan, Samuel Rosenthal, Wm. H. Grafflin. 
 
 THE NEW POLICY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 AETNA LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 
 
 Is the most up-to-date and most comprehensive Life Insurance policy to be had to-day 
 
 Besides combining in one contract all the best features of all the best life insur- 
 ance policies, the benefits of the COMPLETE PROTECTION POLICY are available to 
 first-class risks if the insured becomes 
 
 TOTALLY AND PERMANENTLY DISABLED. Rates and values upon applica- 
 tion. 
 
 MEIGS & HEISSE, Calvert and German Streets, S.W., Baltimore, Md. 
 
 :v.\s 
 
WILLIAM EICHENGBEEN (DECEASED) 
 
 E. FLEISCHER (DECEASED) 
 339 
 
WHELAN, DUER & LANAHAN 
 
 BANKERS 
 213 E. GEBMAN STREET 
 
 This firm was established October 1, 1909, to siucceed the firm of Whelan, Duer & 
 Company, wliich was organized December 1, 1908. 
 
 The members of the firm are Thomas A. Whelan, Jr., Henry Lay Duer and William 
 Wallace Lanahan. The first two made up the firm of Whelan, Duer & Company. Mr. 
 Lanahan was admitted October 1, 1909. 
 
 Thomas A. Whelan, Jr., received his academic education at Loyola College, Marston 
 School for Boys, Georgetown LTniversity, Washington, D. C, and graduated from Uni- 
 versity of ]\Iaryland Law School in 1904 with degree of LL. B. ; practised law for about 
 two years in Alaryland ; in May. 1907, entered bond department of Messrs. J. S. Wilson, 
 Jr., & Company, leaving there December 1, 1908, to become a member of the firm of 
 Whelan. Duer & Company. 
 
 lieniy Lay Duei-: Educated at Washington High School, Princess Anne. Md., and 
 Sadler's Bryant and Stratton Business College, Baltimore. Graduated at the Maryland 
 Institute in 1897. Received his financial training in the banking house of IMessrs. Alex. 
 Brown & Sons, Baltimore, with which firm he was identified for more than eight years. 
 Resigned to enter the bond department of Messrs. J. S. Wilson, Jr., & Co., Baltimore. 
 Md., where he was associated with his partner, ^Ir. \Vhelan, until the establishment of 
 the firm of Whelan, Duer & Company. 
 
 William Wallace Lanahan is the son of the late Samuel J. Lanahan and is a 
 graduate of the Harvard University. After being associated with his uncle. ]\Ir. 
 William Lanahan, of William Lanahan & Sons, Baltimore, Md.. for several years, he 
 decided to enter the banking business and became a member of this firm. 
 
 340 
 
|)|{. I KK COHEN 
 
 aaltimobc. 
 
 341 
 
H. MEISER & SON 
 
 IRON WORKS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The iron works of H. Meiser & Son was fonndod more than forty years ago for 
 the manufacture of plain and ornamental iron work of every description. The busi- 
 ness of the house extends to all parts of the United States and Cuba. 
 
 Notably among the items produced by this foundry are: Stirrups, building anchors, 
 gratings, window guards, bank work, fire escapes, elevator doors and enclosures, awning 
 frames, sash raising apparatus for skylights and greenhouses, plain and ornamental 
 fence, wire work, grill work, stable fixture, etc. 
 
 H. Meiser & Son made the nuignifieent ornamental iron gates for the entrance 
 to the Jamestown Exposition grounds, as well as the doors at the entrance of the 
 United States Building — Paris Exposition. 
 
 HILGARTNER MARBLE COMPANY 
 
 This house was established in 1863, the members of the original firm being L. 
 Hilgartner, Charles L. Hilgartner and Andrew Hilgartner. The firm was incorporated 
 January 1, 1900, under the title of Hilgartner Marble Company. The officers of this 
 company are: Charles L. Hilgartner, president; Andrew Hilgartner, vice-president and 
 treasurer. Mr. L. Hilgartner, the founder of this business, died January 11, 1902. 
 The mills and works of the Hilgartner Marble Company are situated at the foot of 
 Sharp Street, and the show rooms are at 223 N. Charles Street. This company has 
 facilities for sawing and finishing marble and granite for interior of buildings ; also 
 are large contractors for cemetery work. The extent of the trade of this company may 
 be judged from the fact that they supply marble for buildings all over the United States 
 and Cuba. The company maintain a branch office at Chicago, 111., and a purchasing 
 agency at Carrara, Italy. 
 
 C. F. MEISLAHN & CO. 
 
 Mr. C. F. Meislahn and Mr. C. F. Klein established tlie business of fine cabinetwork 
 in 1886 and located at 226 North Howard Street. Mr. Meislahn learned the hand- 
 cabinetmaking in his father's place in Germany, afterwards learned the wood-carving, 
 studied for five years at Paris, leaving there in 1870 at the declaration of the war and 
 went to London for eighteen months, then to America and stayed with Philip Hiss as 
 foreman of the carving department until his own venture in business. Since the death 
 of his partner, C. F. Klein, continued the business alone under the same style. 
 
 His plant is equipped with modern machinery to facilitate handling the initiatory 
 work for the cabinetwork very advantageously, which consists of interior woodwork, 
 Colonial mantels, furniture and plastic decoration. 
 
 Of the many large contracts executed may be mentioned: Central Savings Bank, 
 Hutzler Bros., Safe Deposit & Trust Co., Waldo Newcomer, Louis Kann, B. Barton 
 Jacobs, R. Brent Keyser, Frank Harvey. 
 
 THE SCHWIND QUARRY COMPANY 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Schwind Quarry Company was incorporated January 4, 1898, succeeding Mr. 
 J. G. Schwind, who had carried on the same business for many years back. The original 
 members of the firm were: .John G. Schwind, Paul Englehart. Conrad ]\Iache and C. F. 
 Dulaney. The officers of the company at present are: J. G. Schwind, president; C. 
 Otto, vice-president; Robt. E. L. McCoy, secretary and treasurer. The offices of the 
 company are 625 and 626 Law Building. The Schwind Quarry Company are quarry- 
 men and contractors, maintaining their own quarries with equipment and facilities 
 absolutely the best in the city. The reputation of this house has been built up by 
 low prices and prompt deliveries. 
 
 342 
 
HENRY F. STRAUSS. 
 
 343 
 
HENRY ADAMS 
 
 Consulting, Mechanical and Electrical Engineer 
 
 CALVERT BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Member American Society of Mechanical Engineers 
 Member American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers 
 
 Established 1S!)8, jnior to which was cliicf engiiUHM- of the suporvisinf>' architects' 
 office, Treasury De])artinent, Washington, D. C, for twelve years. From 1902 to 1909 
 was senior nieniher of the firm of Adams & Schwab. Special Lines — Designing and 
 superintending complete power plants, mechanical equipments of building, including 
 heating and ventilation, electric lighting, elevators, sprinkler systems, sanitation, etc. 
 Have every facility for prompt execution of work in all of its various details. 
 
 Partial list of representative work, public buildings, etc. 
 
 New Court House, Baltimore. 
 
 New Custom House, Baltimore. 
 
 Fifth Regiment Armory, Baltimore. 
 
 Fourth Regiment Armory, Baltimore. 
 
 U. S. Court House and Postoffice, Brooklyn. 
 
 U. S. Court House and Postoffice, Buffalo. 
 
 IT. S. Court House and Postoffice, Pittsburg. 
 
 U. S. Court House and Posk)ffice, Mil- 
 waid-cee. 
 
 U. S. Court House and Postoffice, Omaha. 
 
 U. S. Court House and Postoffice, St. Paul. 
 
 U. S. Postoffice, New York. 
 
 U. S. Postoffice, Washington. 
 
 U. S. Court House (addition) , Washington. 
 
 Appraisers' Warehouse, New York. 
 
 Appraisers' Warehouse, Chicago. 
 
 U. S. Mint. Denver. 
 
 Corcoran Art Gallery, Washington. 
 
 New Maryland Institute, Baltimore. 
 
 U. S. Postoffice and Court House, Hunt 
 ington, W. Va. 
 
 U. S. Court House and Postoffice, Norfolk. 
 
 Union County House, Elizabeth, N. J. 
 
 Baltimore American Building. Baltimore. 
 
 Baltimore & Ohio Office Building, Balti- 
 more. 
 
 Calvert Building, Baltimore. 
 
 Equitable Building. Baltimore. 
 
 Keyser Office Building, Baltimore. 
 
 Maryland Casualty Building, Baltimore. 
 
 Maryland Telephone Building, Baltimore. 
 
 Bell Telephone Buildings, Philadelphia. 
 
 Commonwealth Trust Building, Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 North American Building, Philadelphia. 
 
 Merchants' & Mariners' Building, Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 Stephen C4irard Building, Philadelphia. 
 
 Commercial Realty Building, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Bergner & Co., Baltimore. 
 
 Brigham Hopkins Co., Baltimore. 
 
 Broadbent Mantel Co., Baltimore. 
 
 Erlanger INlfg. Co., Baltimore. 
 
 Lerch Bros., Baltimore. 
 
 Rosenfeld & Co., Baltimore. 
 
 Strouse & Bros., Baltimore. 
 
 Wilson Distillery. Baltimore. 
 
 Crown Cork & Seal Co., Baltimore. 
 
 Mott Iron Works. Trenton. 
 Reid, Murdaoh & Co., Chicago. 
 Mandel Bros.. Chicago. 
 Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore. 
 Benesch & Sons, Baltimore. 
 Bernheimer Bros., Baltimore. 
 Eisenberg Store, Baltimore. 
 Hochschild, Kohn & Co., Baltimore. 
 The Hub, Baltimore. 
 The Leader, Baltimore. 
 Likes, Berwanger & Co., Baltimore. 
 New York Clothing House, Baltimore. 
 Hecht & Co., Washington. 
 Kann & Sons Co., Washington. 
 Woodward & Lothrop, Washington. 
 Saks & Co., New York. 
 Sears, Roebuck & Co., Chicago. 
 Watt. Rettew & Clay, Roanoke, Va. 
 Belvedere Hotel, Baltimore. 
 Marlborough Apartment House, Baltimore. 
 Washington Apartment House, Baltimore. 
 City Hospital, Baltimore. 
 Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore. 
 Jefferson Hospital, Philadelphia. 
 Medico-Chi Hospital, Philadelphia. 
 First Baptist Church, Baltimore. 
 St. Mark's Lutheran Church, Baltimore. 
 St. Joseph's Church, Philadelphia. 
 Eastern Female High School, Baltimore. 
 Western High School, Baltimore. 
 Samuel Ready School, Baltimore. 
 New Public Schools, Baltimore. 
 St. Joseph House of Industry, Baltimore. 
 St. Rose' Industrial School. Baltimore. 
 Columbian l^niversity, Washington. 
 ^Masonic Temple, Baltimore. 
 New Y. M. C. A. building, Baltimore. 
 Randolph Macon Academy, \'irginia. 
 Norfolk Protestant Hospital, Norfolk. 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, Bal- 
 timore. 
 Harriet Lane Home, Baltimore. 
 St. Aloysius School, Wasli ington. 
 Church Home and Infirmary, Baltimore. 
 Amsterdam Theater. New York. 
 Lyceum Theater, New York. 
 Theatorium, Baltimore. 
 P>ro\vn & Sons' BaidK, Baltimore. 
 
 344 
 
DANIEL A. WEINBEBa 
 
 345 
 
CHARLES L. REEDER 
 
 Consulting Electrical and Mechanical Engineer 
 
 Electrical Engineers, Johns Hopkins University. 
 
 Member, American Society Mechanical Engineers. 
 
 Associate Member, American Institute Electrical Engineers. 
 
 919-921 EQUITABLE BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Charles L. Eeeder is a graduate electrical engineer, Johns Hopkins University, 
 1896. Was member Students' Corps, General Electric Company, 1896-1897. Associated 
 with F. H. Hambleton, Esq., Consulting Engineer, Baltimore, Md., in reconstruction 
 plant of Baltimore City Passenger Railway; Baltimore and Middle River Railway; 
 Central Railway, etc. In 1898 began individual practice as Consulting Electrical and 
 Mechanical Engineer, and is a member of American Society of Mechanical Engineers 
 and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. 
 
 DESIGN AND SUPERVISION OF RAILWAY, POWER AND 
 BUILDING EQUIPMENT. EXAMINATION REPORTS AND 
 APPRAISAL OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES. TESTS 
 AND BETTERMENT OF OPERATING ECONOMY. SUPER- 
 VISION, PURCHASE AND TESTS OF FUELS, ETC. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE WORK 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 New Chamber of Commerce Building Terminal Warehouse Co. 
 
 New Sun Building R. M. Sutton Co., Plant and Buildings 
 
 Equitable Building St. Joseph's Hospital, Power Plant and 
 
 Calvert Building Buildings 
 
 Peabody Library and Conservatory of The Hospital for the Women of Maryland 
 
 Music Johns Hopkins Trust Estate 
 United States Fidelity and Guaranty The Consolidated Gas Co. 
 
 Building American Can Company, Baltimore Fac- 
 
 Enoch Pratt Free Library tones 
 
 New Maryland Institute F.dison Electric Illuminating Co. 
 
 Consolidated Gas Co. Building Cumberland Street Railway Co. 
 
 Maryland Life Insurance Co. Building Maryknd^^Agricultural College, College 
 
 Merchants' and Miners' Transportation Co. ,,',',r^,, ^ ., ^, 
 
 Buildinjr Maryland State Insane Asylum, Sykes- 
 
 ^ . . viile, Md. 
 
 Stewart Building x- ^ t-v n h r^ t»t i 
 
 " iNotre Dame College, Govans, Md. 
 
 Safe Deposit and Trust Co. Building Conneaut & Erie Traction Co. System, 
 
 The Lord Baltimore Press Erie, Pa. 
 
 The Skinner Sliip Building Co., Power Henderson Liglit & Power Co., Henderson, 
 
 Plant N. C. 
 
 The Phoenix Pad Co. Davis IMomorial Hospital. Elkins, W. Va. 
 
 Schloss Bros. . Savannah High School, Savannah, Ga. 
 
 ;i4G 
 
DAVID SIEGEL 
 
 347 
 
THE KEELEY INSTITUTE 
 
 211 NORTH CAPITOL STREET 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 Men in active business know of the disturbance and annoyance caused them through 
 employees who are addicted to alcoholic liquors or (especially of late years) narcotic 
 drugs. 
 
 The result of these addictions is a paralysis of "will-power" — an abnormal condition 
 of the nerve system — an uncontrollable demand for the stimulant used. These men have 
 passed from the stage of "habit" to that of "disease," which demands for its eradication 
 a scientific medical treatment. This is the foundation theory of the world-famous 
 Keeley Treatment, now regarded as the one effective method of overcoming this dis- 
 eased condition. 
 
 Sanitariums using this method of treatment are invariably known as Keeley In- 
 stitutes, and it is not known or practised at any other establishments. If you would 
 know more about it, a line addressed to The Keeley Institute, 211 North Capitol Street, 
 Washington, D. C, will secure all needed information. This institute controls the ter- 
 ritory of Maryland and the District of C'ohunbia, and lias no branrhes whatever. 
 
 M-IS 
 
BENJAMIN ROTHSCHILD 
 
 349 
 
SECURITY 
 STORAGE AND TRUST COMPANY 
 
 13-15-17-19 WEST NORTH AVENUE 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Security Storage and Trust 
 Company maintains a Trust Depart- 
 ment, Real Estate Department, Bank- 
 ing Department, Safe Deposit Silver 
 Storage Department, and owns one of 
 the finest equipped storage ware- 
 houses in Baltimore, with every facil- 
 ity for packing, shipping and hauling. 
 The company acts as executor, ad- 
 ministrator, trustee and guardian; 
 its officers and office force are daily 
 employed in looking after the inter- 
 ests of estates. The company's 
 jj- tBW|rwrirft Wi*™ ^***^^^fal B^^^^^^B charter is practically perpetual, sub- 
 y ^^ tfii^ ^SJS|B|^BMB|BpB ^^^^^^^^B ject to inspection and under restraint 
 '^-'^■^^^^^^^^"^■*-"*^^''"^^^^^^^^™ of law. The company takes entire 
 
 charge of estates, and collects the in- 
 come, remitting the same at regular 
 periods, and has at all times a long 
 list of houses, apartments for rent 
 and also for sale. 
 
 The Bank Department is popular 
 and its convenience in the residential 
 section appreciated, as evidenced by 
 one thousand open and active bank 
 accounts. Depositors in the savings 
 department receive SV^ per cent., paid semi-annually. Accounts, subject to check, 
 receive 2 per cent, interest. 
 
 The Safe Deposit Vaults are open 8.30 A. M. to 5 P. M. Safes are rented in the 
 fire and burglary vaults of the company, varying in size, and costing from $3.00 to 
 $25.00 per annum. Three large steel vaults with double combination locks and doors 
 have been fitted up to receive silverware and valuable articles, usually packed in 
 large boxes, barrels or trunks. 
 
 The Security Company ofl'ers its patrons tlie most complete and largest fireproof 
 warehouses in the city for the storage of furniture, pianos, china, glassware, bric-a-brac, 
 pictures, etc. The warehouse floor space occupies 97,000 square feet. Over 2,000 
 two-horse furniture wagon loads can be stored in its capacious rooms. Goods for ship- 
 ment to other cities are carefully boxed, crated and burlaped; cars are chartered, and 
 the many details of shipment attended to. 
 
 The company owns its own hauling equipment, consisting of large covered fur- 
 niture vans, liorses, harness and stable supplies, which is used for the purpose of 
 hauling furniture to and from their storage wareliouse; also for hauling from house 
 to house. 
 
 The officers of the company are: 
 
 Henky S. King President. 
 
 Matthew C. Fenton Vice-President. 
 
 George M. Bucher Treasurer. 
 
 C. J. Hamilton Secretary. 
 
 ooO 
 
JACOB GOMPRECHT 
 
 •ALTinODC. 
 
 351 
 
GRAHAM'S STORAGE WAREHOUSE 
 
 S. W. CORNER OF PARK AVE. AND DOLPHIN ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Uiaham's Storajje Warelunise was established in 1S87 by Mr. Goorge B. Graham in an 
 old building at the corner of Lombard and Concord Streets. At that time tiiere was no 
 other storage warehouse in Baltimore. Owing to the great demand for space a larger 
 and more up-to-date warehouse was planned ; the lot at the southwest corner of Park 
 Avenue and Dolphin Street ( IGO by 150 feet) was purchased in 1890 and a six-story 
 warehouse, equi])ped with every facility and im])rovement, was erected. Since that time, 
 due to the continued increase in tlie business, many improvements have l>een made, until 
 now there is available 115,000 square feet of floor space, divided into 1.000 rooms, for 
 the separate storage of furniture and household goods. There is also a large fireproof 
 
 vault for tlie sate keeping of ^il\ei and \ahialilcs. I'Or inaM_\ \eiir^ llir w ai ilioUf>e was 
 under the able management of the late James McEvoy, in whose care the business grew 
 to its present pros])erous condition. The Graham's Warehouse Go. are agents for The 
 Bowling Green Storage & Van Co., and operate the convenient Lift Van Service, by which 
 household goods are securely packed in a van in one city and the van then sealed and 
 shipped intact to any destination in the Ignited States or abroad, on whicii insurance is 
 effected, covering all risks. Eight large padded vans are employed to handle the moving 
 of furniture and effects to and from the warehouse and for general moving from house 
 to house. Mr. George D. Magruder, the present manager, has been with the comjjany for 
 twentv-two >ears and has a thorough knowledge of the business in all its details. 
 
 352 
 
JESSE BENESCII 
 
 HeU, Bait. 
 
 353 
 
KAUFMAN 
 FIRE-PROOF STORAGE WAREHOUSE 
 
 CHARLES H. KAUFMAN, Proprietor 
 
 LAFAYETTE AVE. AND DIVISION ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Kaufman began his business career as a teamster, with a hoise and wagon on Pratt Street 
 Wharf in 18S6, and had a wagon stand at Park Avenue and Lexington Street, catering to the retail 
 merchants. In 190:i he estabUshed a warehouse at 532 West Lafayette Avenue and in 1905 he opened 
 up at the present site in a five story building, 80x31 feet. Business grew rapidly and in 1906 an addition 
 25x103 feet, also five stories, were added. Three years later another five story building 25x67 feet was 
 erected, west of the first mentioned building at Brunt Street; now the Kaufman W^arehouse is shaped 
 like the letter Z, and affords a total floor space of 45,000 square feet This warehouse is fire-proof ab- 
 
 solutely, each building is separated Ironi tlie otliers — the heavy walls lioing built of brick with fire-proof 
 roof, iron folding doors, fire-protected windows, metal frames, concrete Hoors and inside walls. A fire inside 
 or outside of this structure could be easily controlled by a single individual. The Board of Fire Under- 
 writers has approved this warehouse and endorsed it as being as thoroughly fire-proof as can be built. 
 Goods are packed and shipped to all parts of the United States and Europe and even South Africa. Nine 
 teams are kept busy, in addition to an automobile inoving van, containing 1,000 cubic feet and holding 
 four loads of furniture. This van is propelled by a gasoline engin(\ the van floor being covered with 
 Asbestos and esi)ecially adapted to long dist.-ince and suburban work. 
 
 354 
 
SIMON ADES (deceased) 
 
 355 
 
PLANT OF HENRY D, LOUIS 
 
 HENRY D. LOUIS 
 
 Packing Boxes of Every Description 
 
 LEADENHALL AND OSTEND STS. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The box mamifaeturing business conducted by ]Mr. Henry D. 
 Louis at Leadenhall and Ostcnd Street was established October 
 1, in07. prior to which time ]\Ir. Louis was a member of one 
 of the oklest box mannfacturiiii; firms in Baltimore, and has 
 had ali'eady over a quarter of a century experience in his 
 special line of business. The ])lant conducted by Mr. Louis 
 is one of the most niodernly ef]ui))ped, and has facilities equal 
 to those of any other liox maiuifact\irer in Baltimore. This 
 house manufactures packinfj-boxes of every description, and 
 its trade extends to* Washington and nearby points. Locally, 
 yir. Louis connnands a very extensive trade with the large 
 users of packing-boxes and his product, like his name, is a 
 synonvm for ndiabilitv. 
 
 iJaG 
 
MAX NUSIJAUM 
 
 357 
 
CENTRAL SASH, 
 DOOR AND BLIND MANUFACTORY 
 
 SCHOPPERT & SPATES, Proprietors 
 
 SOUTHWEST CORNER FRONT AND LOW STREETS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Central Sash, Door and Blind Manufactory was established November 20, 
 1907, by George L. Schoppert and Charles R. Spates. Mr. Schoppert had for twenty 
 two years previously been actively engaged in the sash, door and blind business, during 
 eleven years of wliich period he was connected with Henry E. Cook. Mr. Spates also 
 was with Henry E. Cook for many years, and is the managing head of the factory and 
 mill, whilst Mr. Schoppert is in charge of the financial and general business depart 
 ments. The factory of this company is situated at the soutliwest corner of Front and 
 Low Streets and is equipped with all the latest woodworking machinery and modern 
 facilities to supply any and all demands for millwork. Tlie company employs a large 
 force of workmen and conducts its business on the basis of tlie strictest integrity and 
 the fairest enterprise. The Central Sash, Door and Blind Manufactory has fulfilled 
 many large contracts, among which nuiy be notably mentioned: 
 
 Tiie Court House (Novak & Hirt, builders) Franklin Building (George W. Bennett, 
 
 The American Building (Henry S. Ripple, builder) 
 
 builder) Fidelity Building 
 
 City Hall (Isaac N. Cooper, builder) E(iuital)Ie Building 
 
 358 
 
H. S. HARTOGENSIS 
 
 359 
 
ADES BROS. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF "CROWN BRAND" UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS 
 NORTHEAST CORNER LIBERTY AND LOMBARD STREETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Ill IS'.IS, two Jewish hiiis, Hairy and Simon Ados, 
 aged respectively 20 and IS years, started the I'ni- 
 l>reUa and Para.sol nianufaeturing business, in a 
 room 15 by 15 feet at 922 E. Pratt Street. From 
 this small beginning the firm of Ades Bros, has grown 
 year Ijy year, until, to-day, it is recognized as one of 
 the largest umbrella manufacturers in Baltimore and 
 in the east. 
 
 The methods employed — honesty and straight- 
 forwardness — won for the Ades boys many patrons 
 — and in six months they were forced to seek larger 
 quarters, moving to '.i'.i Hanover Street, from where 
 for the .same reason they were again forced to seek 
 larger quarters, this time at 101 West Baltimore 
 Street, where they rem.ained until their factory and 
 salesrooms were destroyed by the fire of 1904. 
 
 The present home of Ades Bros, is a magnificent five- 
 story building situated at the northeast corner of Lib- 
 erty and Lombard Streets, which was erected specially 
 for them. In striking contrast, is this immense fac- 
 tory with its 18,000 square feet of floor space ami its 
 750 operatives, to the little 15 by 15 foot room an 
 four employees which marked the beginning of this 
 house 12 years ago. To-dny the output of this fac- 
 tory is .3,000 pieces daily, and 15 traveling salesmen 
 carry the "Crown Brand" — "Ades Protection in 
 Rain" — "Made by Ades Bros." — L'mbrellas anc! 
 Parasols into every state of the L'nion. 
 
 Mr. Simon Ades died April 17, 1908, and since 
 
 then his brother Mr. Harry Ades is condu ling 
 
 the business alone, which makes it the only 
 umbrella manufacturing establishment of any con- 
 sequence in the Llnited States owned and operated by one 
 maintains branches in Chicago, St. Louis and Pittsburg, Pa. 
 
 indixidual. The house of Ades Bros. 
 
 
 
 SALT 
 
 I T'S PU RE 
 
 REFINED BY 
 
 STANDARD SALT 
 CDNPANY 
 
 BALTIMORE. MO. 
 
 PROCESS PATENT 
 APPLIED FOR 
 
 THE STANDARD SALT CO. 
 
 REFINERS OF SALT 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlie Stamlard 8alt Co. was incfirporated 
 Jamiary. 1 !•()!>; the incorporators being 
 men ])]•( iiiincnt in tlie lines of nianufac- 
 tuiiiiu-. clicniistry and real estate. The 
 Standard Salt Co., salt refiners, produce 
 an al)S(dntidy pure commercial product 
 lliat will not lump and is essentially 
 stron<»er tlian tlie ordinary salt of com- 
 merce. 'I'lic plant of this company is 
 situatcil at 1412 Eastern Avenue, with a 
 capacity of ten tons per da,y, increasing 
 as the (lemaiid is increasing. The aim of 
 the Standard Salt Co. is to produce the 
 very best pre duel at the very least cost to 
 the consinner, realizing that strength and 
 purity are important factors. The policy 
 of this company is winning for it broad 
 ti'adc fax'ors. and its business now extends 
 aioiiy tlic .Vtlantic Seaboard and tlirough- 
 <iut tlic (Mstnii set-lion of the Middle West. 
 Till' (illiids arc K. Stanley Carswell. Pres- 
 ident : Will. 11. (iriMMitield, Vice-President; 
 Ahrcd S. I):i\-, Secretar\- and Treasurer. 
 
 360 
 
HARRY ADES 
 
 361 
 
THANHOUSER & WEILLER 
 
 311 & 313 W. BALTIMORE ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm was established Aufnist, 100(1. by Messrs. Sidney P. Thanhouser and 
 Charles I. Weiller. The original location of this business was at 834 and 836 Green- 
 mount Avenue, since which time it has moved to 311 and 313 West Baltimore Street. 
 Thanhouser & Weiller are manufacturing jobbers of shirts, overalls and children's 
 play suits, and give employment to from seventy-five to 100 people. The rapid growth 
 of this business and the constant extension of its territory are the best indications of 
 the quality of its product and the merit of its methods. 
 
 MORROW BROS. 
 
 GENERAL CONTRACTORS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Morrow Bros, was established in 1893 by Wm. H. Morrow and Charles 
 A. Morrow. The original location of the business was 212 Clay Street, and is at pres- 
 ent at 218 West Saratoga Street. Morrow Bros, arc general contractors, and have con- 
 structed very important works in Baltimore, prominent amongst which may be noted 
 the Y. M. C. A. Building, Baltimore Bargain House, Merchants' Club, Erlanger Build- 
 ing, Hochschild, Kohn & Co., Fidelity and Deposit Company (new building), and 
 many others. 
 
 CHARLES W. LEYDECKER 
 
 LAMB BUTCHER 
 Stall: 51 LEXINGTON MARKET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Leydecker established this business in 1880. The original location being 
 Union Abattoir, but at present he is located at stall 51, Lexington Market. He is 
 strictly a dealer in lamb, and as such has gained a most enviable reputation among 
 the particular housewives of our city, and enjoys further the distinction of being the 
 "only" kosher lamb butcher in Baltimore under the United States Government in- 
 spection; on which account he is favored with a very large Jewish patronage. 
 
 Mr. Leydecker's aim, during his thirty-year business career, has been to sell only 
 the choicest meat, to extend the most exacting attention to his patrons' orders and 
 thereby constantly enlarge his new trade through the expressed satisfaction of his 
 older customers. 
 
 WESTMORELAND LUNCH ROOM 
 
 314 W. BALTIMORE ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This famous lunch and dining room was establislied, and is maintained, by Mr. 
 J. H. Moxley, who believes that home cooking is only good enough for his patrons. A 
 specialty is made of home-made pies and biscuits; and oysters, dams and fish in season 
 are served in the special "Westmoreland" way. Mr. Moxley, the proprietor, has had 
 fifteen years' experience in fhe art of catering to that "jaded appetite." 
 
 ;;(i2 
 
363 
 
Established 1890 
 
 NATIONAL WINDOW AND OFFICE 
 CLEANING COMPANY 
 
 General Cleaners 
 
 Office Buildings, Offices, Stores, Factories and Dwellings Cleaned. 
 
 Floors Scrubbed, Floors Oiled, Stained and Varnished. 
 
 Marble Cleaned 
 
 Offices 
 
 208 COURTLAND ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 CORNER SIXTH AND D STS., N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 415 FOURTH AVE., PITTSBURG, PA. 
 
 The Window and Office Cleaning .Service, of which we are the originators, dates 
 hack to the year 1800. To-day it is admitted a necessity whicii has afforded gratifying 
 lesults to an appreciative patronage. 
 
 Our system is meritorious, being gradually perfected by close application and 
 liberal exi)"enditures of money, to raise the standard of our service as near perfection 
 as possible. In this we have been highly successful, gaining the confidence of tlie 
 juddic by faithfully caring for thtir eoniforts. which in a huge measure has con- 
 tributed to our success. 
 
 In our desire to further advance the standard we never fail to spare time or 
 expense to introduce an improvement in every feature. 
 
 It shall always be cur effort to conduct the business as to retain your confidence 
 and support, and "thereby attain a degree of success which only a liberal and apprecia- 
 tive ])olicy can biing. 
 
 We thank our ])atrons for their favors in the past, and trust to merit a continuance 
 of their good will. 
 
 Few of our References 
 
 \\h\tf House ;it Wnshington and Government Buildings, New Will.ard Hotel 
 
 Few of our References, Pittsburgh 
 
 H. J. Heinz Co., Third Nat'l Bank, Wabash H.R. Co.'s Offices, .\llcsj;hony Realty & Trust Co. 
 
A. LEVI 
 
 S^' 
 
 ■A^ 
 
 365 
 
SCHINDLER & SCHINDLER 
 
 BEAL ESTATE ANB GROUND RENT INVESTMENTS 
 
 1023 CALVERT BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Schindler & Schindler were established in 1909, by William T. Schindler, Jr., and 
 J. Fred Schindler. Mr. J. Fred Schindler, however, has withdrawn from the firm and 
 the business is now condiuted solely by \Vm. T. Schindler, Jr. The office of this busi- 
 ness was at 1009 Calvert Buikling,"and at present is located at 1003 Calvert Building. 
 Schindler & Schindler transact an extensive real estate business, and make a specialty 
 of ground rent investments, in which line they enjoy a high reputation for expe- 
 rience and integrity. 
 
 WILLIAM SCHWARZ & SONS 
 
 BANKERS AND BROKERS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The banking and brokerage house of William Schwarz & Sons was established 
 March, 1903, by William Schwarz, Howard S. Schwarz and Allen Schwarz. The original 
 location of this firm was South and German Streets, and its present offices are located 
 at 3 South Street. William Schwarz & Sons do a general banking and brokerage busi- 
 ness, and are in direct communication with the leading financial centers of the country. 
 Mr. William Schwarz, the senior member of this firm, is president of the German- 
 American Bank. 
 
 THE SOUTHERN INVESTMENT AND SECURITY COMPANY 
 
 The Southern Investment and Security Company was incorporated by Act of the 
 General Assembly of the State of Maryland of 1906, with a broad and liberal charter. 
 
 The incorporators were: Thomas H. Robinson, of Belair, Md.; Lloyd L. Jackson, 
 Thornton Kollins, R. E. Lee Marshall, Henry M. Warfield, Joseph C. Whitney and 
 Charles A. Counsel, of Baltimore County. 
 
 We organized and commenced business in December, 1900. The officers of the 
 company are: Lloyd L. Jackson, president; Henry M. Warfield, vice-president; R. E. 
 Lee Marshall, secretary and treasurer. 
 
 Board of Directors: ]\Iurrav Vandiver, Havre de Grace, Md.; Tliomas H. Robinson, 
 Belair, Md. ; Joseph C. Whitney, Baltimore, Md. ; R. E. L. Marshall, Baltimore, Md.; 
 Walter R. Townshend, Towson, Md. : George F. Randolph, Baltimore, Md. ; Frederick 
 A. Savage, Baltimore, Md. ; Lloyd L. .Jackson, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 THE SECOND NATIONAL BANK OF BALTIMORE 
 
 The Second National Bank of Baltimore. 432 South Broadway, is lineal successor of 
 the Fells Point Savings Institution, wliich was incorporated in 1832. In the early 'GOs 
 the Board of Directors of the latter concluded that the institution could be much more 
 helpful in supplying the requirements of the eastern section of the city through the 
 channel of a commercial bank than would be possible for it to accomplisli as a savings 
 bank, and it was promptly resolved to incorporate the "Fells Point Bank." 
 
 Upon the passage of the National Bank Act, the Fells Point Bank was among the 
 very first to enter tlie National system, having been incorjxiratcd tliereunder as the 
 Second National Bank of Baltimore, Md., on May r>, 18(54, its number in the system 
 being 414. The bank has enjoyed more than average success, having accumulated, 
 through earnings upon its capital of $500,000, a surplus fund of ifoO(),00(), and undi- 
 vided profits of upwards of $250,000. 
 
 30(5 
 
ALBEBT H. LIKES 
 
 367 
 
THOMAS B. STANFIELD & CO. 
 
 CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 'J"lu' tiiin of 'I'lionias B. Staiifield & Co. was established in ISTO by Tliomas B. Stan 
 liebl. In tiie year 11I02 a co-pa rtnersbip was formed by Thomas B. Stantield and Mv. 
 .1. Elmer Stanfield. under the name Tiiomas B. Stantield «S: Son, and continued to do 
 iiusiness under this name until April. ]!)()!), when the partnership was dissolved. In 
 .May, 190!). the present firm, known as Thomas B. Stantield & Co., was formed by ^Ir. 
 'J'homas B. Stantield and William F. Chew. 
 
 Tlie otliees and sliops are located at 10!) Clay Street, practically in the center of 
 tlie city. 
 
 Thomas ]>. Stantield & Co. are general contractors and builders, making a specialty 
 of all kinds of jobbiiij^- work, and are e(|\iipped with eveiy facility for the prompt and 
 ellicient handling of work entrusted to them, giving the same careful attention, whetlier 
 the contract be large or small. 
 
 The firm points with much satisfaction to its long history, and from among the 
 inany patrt)ns of the company, covering its history from the beginning, have selected 
 the following buildings and persons as showing the character of the work handled, 
 namely: Baltimore Belting Company. Lutheran Church of Incarnation, Edwards 
 Cliocoiate Company (two contracts) .' Forest Park Church, H. G. Fant. Footers Dye 
 Works, Ford Auto Company, Good Hope Hall, Holland ^lanufacturing Conijiany, Iron- 
 Clad Manufacturing Company (plant), Kimball, Tyler Company (plant), Wm. J. 
 Lowry, Jr. (residence), F. M. Kirby & Co., Pennsylvania Avenue Building Associa- 
 tion. "C. Read & Co. (two contracts) ,'H. Rosenheim & Sons, Safe Deposit & Trust Com- 
 pany, United Cigar Stores Company, Dental Laboratoi-y of University of .Maryland, 
 Von'eiff Brothers (two contracts), Consolidated Cotton Duck Company (three con- 
 tracts). Wm. F. Zeller & Co., John T. Woodward, Fulton Avenue Presbyterian Church. 
 R. H. Bowman, A. C. Glocker, \A'm. Eichengreen, Bernheimer Brothers. 
 
 The policy of this firm is to give prompt and efliicient service at a fair margin ot 
 profit. 
 
 WALTER E. BURNHAM 
 
 In 1894 Mr. Burnham began business on his own 
 account at the southeast corner of Charles and Lex- 
 ington Streets as a contractor for all classes of build- 
 ing construction. He enjoyed a large and influential 
 patronage, both directly from individuals interested 
 in building and from the leading architects of our 
 city. Among the notable buildings which Mr. Burn- 
 hain has erected may be mentioned the New York 
 Clothing House, 102-104 East Baltimore Street; 
 Oettinger & Son's warehouse, Baltimore and Arch 
 Streets; Strouse & Bro.'s warehouse, German and 
 Green Streets; M. S. Levy Building, I^mbard and 
 Eutaw Streets; Emanuel Greenbaum Building, 715 
 and 717 West German Street; Neely Building, 121 
 South Street; four-story warehouse, 34 East Pratt 
 Street (Joseph Evans Sperry, architect) ; warehouses, 
 26, 28 and .30 Hanover Street (same architect) ; 
 building, 27 West Baltimore Street (Archer & Allen, 
 architects) ; block of warehouses north side of Lom- 
 bard Street, between Gay and Fredericks Streets 
 (same architect); dwelling at 1615 Park Avenue 
 (Joseph Evans Sperry, architect). The range of 
 Mr. Burnham's business has steadily extended by 
 reason of his technical efficiency and his perfect 
 integrity in all dealings. 
 
 
 S 
 
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 n F^F^Bt 
 
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 EaHi 
 
 IPiUP^i 
 
 ^ a 
 
 368 
 
COL. ISRAEL EOSENFELD 
 
 369 
 
DIGGS-VANNEMAN 
 MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 
 Men^s Fine Shoes 
 
 The "Dee Vee" Line 
 
 508-10-12-14-16 EAST LOMBARD STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Immediately following the Baltimore conflagration of February, 1904, J. Ross 
 Diggs founded a partnership with Theodore J. Vanneman, which became incorporated 
 ill JNIay, 1904, under the name of Diggs, Vanneman Mfg. Co. Prior to this time Mr. J. 
 Ross Diggs had been a member of the firm of Diggs-Currin & Co., which, on January 1, 
 1899, had succeeded Young, Creigliton & Diggs, which firm, on January 1, 1888, had 
 succeeded Young, Kimmell & Diggs. Young, Kimniell & Diggs was the outgrowth of the 
 old house of Devries, Young & Co. (founded 1870), having succeeded this firm on 
 January 1, 1878. 
 
 Mr. Theodore J. Vanneman acquired his first experience in the shoe business as a 
 salesman for Charles Heiser, one of the pioneer shoe manufacturers of Baltimore. 
 
 On January 1, 1900, in conjunction with Wm. E. Heiser (son of Chas. Heiser), he 
 organized the Heiser, Vanneman Mfg. Co., and so continued until January, 1904. After 
 this Mr. Vanneman became associated in business with Mr. Diggs, as stated before. 
 
 On July 5, 1906, Mr. Vanneman died, and Mr. Diggs has been practically alone in 
 the management since that time, none of the other stockholders taking active part in 
 the business. 
 
 The Diggs, Vanneman Shoe Co. was originally located at 9-11 West Pratt Street 
 (Ganter Building), but at present occupies the magnificent structure at 508, 510, 512, 
 514 and 516 East Lombard Street. There is maintained a modernly equipped and 
 model plant in which are employed a corps of experienced and skilled shoemakers, the 
 excellence of all of which is best attested by the national fame of the "Dee Vee" Shoe 
 for Stylish Men. The Diggs, Vanneman Mfg. Co. do business in the States of New 
 York, California, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio and all the Middle and Southern 
 States, having an especially large trade in the prominent cities, and recently , have 
 opened one of many in Ireland. The factory employs 125 operatives and ranks as one 
 of the great manufacturing interests of Baltimore. 
 
 THE "DEE VEE" SHOE 
 
 has no superior in style and no equal in foot comfort. Being designed along anatom- 
 ically correct lines, the sole follows every curve, mound and depression of the foot- 
 bottom, which insures rest to tired and aching feet. 
 
 Particular attention is paid to the heels of the "Dee Vee" shoe, which do not 
 pinch, thus obviating endless discomfort and final crowding out of the shape of the shoe. 
 
 This scientific designing, combined with leathers of recognized durability and fin- 
 ished appearance, and with the utmost care in making, result in a shoe that is faultless 
 and complete insurance against all foot troubles. 
 
 To wear the "Dee Vee" shoe is to wear a shoe possessing every essential of custom 
 excellence and the rare combination of exclusive style and dependable quality. 
 
 370 
 
:!71 
 
LEVENSTEIN & LUBIN 
 Proprietors 
 
 BALTIMORE 
 SHOE HOUSE 
 
 Boots 
 and Shoes 
 
 307-309 W. BALTIMORE ^^ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Baltimore is a great boot aiul shoe 
 mamifactiuing and distributing- point, 
 and foieniost among the big houses 
 in this line stands the Baltimore Shoe 
 House, wliich was established in May, 
 1895, by Israel Levenstein. 
 
 The business started at 2 jSTorth 
 Lil)erty Street, but for want of room 
 was forced to seek larger quarters at 
 215 West Baltimore Street and later 
 at 323 West Baltimore Street. 
 
 In May. 1908, Mr. Joseph Lubin 
 was admitted as a partner, and the 
 tirm of Levenstein & Luhin succeeded 
 Israel Levenstein, since wliich time 
 the business has steadily grown in 
 volume until the Baltimore Shoe 
 House is now one of the leading shoe 
 concerns in the United States, and is 
 located at 307 and 309 West Balti- 
 more Street, which is one of tiie best 
 •itocked and ('(piippcd cstablislunents in 
 tlie Eiist. Tlie trade of the IJaltimore 
 Shoe House extends througli Maryland, 
 \'irginia, Delaware, Pennsylvania, 
 (tliio, Indiana, North Carolina, South 
 Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Ala- 
 bama, Mississippi, Louisiana. Arkan- 
 sas, O|klahoma and Texas. The suc- 
 cess of tlie Baltimore Shoe House is 
 founded on tlie rock of square deal- 
 ing, wliicli ])rinciple prevails in everj- 
 department of its gigantic establish- 
 ment as with its corps of travelers, so 
 lliat it is everywhere known as the 
 •■J'air and Scpiare House." 
 
ISRAEL LEVEXSTEIN 
 
 373 
 
ONE OF OUR TEX FACTORIES 
 
 LIBRARY BUREAU 
 
 Card Systems, 
 
 Steel Furniture, Filing Devices and 
 
 Special Woodwork 
 
 BALTIMORE BRANCH 
 
 303 MARYLAND TRUST BUILDING 
 
 Library Hureaii was established in 1876 and incorporated in 1888, liiie original 
 officers being Melvil Dewey, president; W. E. Parker, treasurer. At the present time 
 Mr. H. E. Davidson is ])resident of Library Bureau for the I'nited States and al)r()ad. 
 
 Library Bureau is now operating ten factories. It distributes its products through 
 forty selling liranches in the United States, in Canada, in (Jrejit Britain, in France 
 and in Belgiiun. Its employees number more than 3,00(t. Its annual sales amnunt to 
 millions of dollars. 
 
 Originally Library liureau was exactly what its name describes it to be — a bureau 
 for furnishing libraries with supplies. It was in 1888 that Mr. Davidson conceived the 
 idea that the card catalogs then used by libraries could be adapted witii advantage to eom- 
 mercial interests. From this idea has grown the "New Science of Business System." 
 which has revolutionized business metliods and which year by year is playing a large 
 part in the commercial world. It is the a])plication of these card systems to all depart- 
 ments of business whicli has built uj) the gigantic enterprise of the Library Bureau. 
 Cognate to its line. Library B.ureau installs steel fniniture, tiling devices and s])ecial 
 woodwork of all kinds; th(> aim being to equip with absolute modern methods, thereby 
 cutting out needless detail and reducing opeiating expense. The Baltimore brancli since 
 1903 has been under the management of Mr. K. W. Test, whose technical skill and gen- 
 eral courtesy have earned for him a strong ))osition in the local business world. 'I'he 
 Baltimore branch contiols the business of tlie State of Maryland. The In ii c i<i Library 
 Bureau is Boston. .Mass., and a capital of !*;;!. (KM), 000 is cniployed in th.' I iisinc-s. 
 
JOSEPH LUBIN 
 
 375 
 
I'LAXT, ACADEMY AVENUE AND WESTERN MD. R.R., ARLINGTON, MD. 
 
 BALTIMORE & WASHINGTON 
 CONCRETE COMPANY 
 
 S. HERBERT MOORE, President 
 
 MANUFACTURING "MIRACLE" DOUBLE STAGGERED AIR SPACE CEMENT BUILDING 
 
 BLOCKS. MULTIPLEX VENTILATED FLUE BLOCKS, CEMENT BRICKS, SEWER 
 
 PIPE AND TILE. REINFORCED CONCRETE FENCE POSTS. PORCH 
 
 COLUMNS AND BALUSTRADES 
 
 The Baltimore & Washiniitoii ( niniete Coiiipany was established in 190S by iS. 
 Herbert Moore, Harry ^1. Lindsay. Geo. K. Armelin<> and Zenus F. Barmim. This eoni- 
 liany has offices in 403 Builders' Exchange and maintains a thoroughly equipped plant 
 at ArliiigloH. J^.altinKirc County. Md.. where it manufactures cement stone for building 
 ;ind onianicntal purposes. 'J hey are associated with The Erkins Co., X(;vv York. 
 handling their: 
 
 Ornamental Bridges, Statues, Vases, Pedestals, Sundials, Fonts, 
 Fountains, Tables, Benches, Balustrades, Well-Heads, 
 Gazing Globes, Pergolas and Mantels in Marble, 
 Stone and Pompeian Stone 
 
 They rej)resent 1 he Berger Mfg. Co., Canton. Ohio, steel columns, joists, rafters, 
 studs, lath, etc. The Baltimore & ^\■ashington Concrete Co. maintains offices in Balti- 
 more, Washington and New York, and have an attractive exhibit in the Builders' Ex- 
 change, 15 East Fayette .Street, Baltimore. 
 
 Members of linildcrs' h'.vrhnige uj lidlliitmrc 
 
 ;J7G 
 
LOUIS LEVI 
 
 
 Jrr^^ 
 
 .377 
 
SEVERN REALTY COMPANY 
 
 Severna Park 
 
 Baltimore's Sea-Side Suburb 
 
 One of the most attractive land development enterprises tliat lias been launched 
 around Baltimore in recent years is that of the Severn Realty Company of Baltimore 
 City, which in 1906 was incorporated under the general laws of Maryland, and began 
 its operation by the purchase of 91% acres of land fronting on the Severn River, situ- 
 ated at a point where the railroad (the Annapolis & Baltimore Short Line) runs nearest 
 the river. This land was cleared and roads and avenues were cut and graded. The 
 waterfront was set aside as a public park and so dedicated among tlie land records of 
 the county. 
 
 The company offered the lots for sale at prices that were in keeping with a reason- 
 able return on the investment. Soon thereafter three additional tracts of land were 
 from time to time purchased the whole property being known as Severna Park, which 
 under development includes over three hundred acres, with a mile of waterfront. A 
 large wharf was built to deep water for the exclusive use of the lot owners. 
 
 The idea of making tlie waterfront into a public park was an evidence of the far- 
 sightedness of those in cojitrol of tlie development, for at this time it is practically 
 impossible to buy desirable waterfront (m the Severn River. In all, it appears that 
 about thirty-five acres have been sold in lots, nuiny of which liave been improved by 
 attractive dwellings and bungalows. Cement sidewalks have been laid on many of 
 the streets and roads, and the best varieties of shade trees planted. The increase iu tlic 
 values of the lots, as shown by the prices now and when the development was first 
 started, is but a small advance compared to the ultimate values that must be reached 
 in this locality. 1'lie ]iurity, healthfulness and beauty, regardless of the fact that it 
 can be reached in thirty miiuites from Baltiniore by the Annapolis and Baltimore 
 Short Line (electric), are su^|)assill^ rccnmmeudations of Severna Park. 
 
 M. Maurice Meyek is j)resi(leiit. .Mh. Oscar L. Hatton. secretary and treasurer, 
 of the Severn Realty Company, owners, with otliccs at 111 Xortli Charles Street, Balti- 
 more. 
 
 378 
 
MOSES MALIUCE MEYFR 
 
 aALTinooc. 
 
 379 
 
REINHARD, MEYER & CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF MEN'S CLOTHING 
 
 327 WEST BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tliis business was pstablislicd in 1896 by Samuel E. Reinhard and ISlaurice J. 
 Meyer, botli of wiiom were previously identified in the wholesale clothing business at 
 Paca and GJernian Streets. The original location of the firm was at 10 Howard Street, 
 on the site now occupied by the Baltimore Bargain House. The firm at present is 
 located at 327 West Baltimore Street. Reinhard, Meyer & Co. are manufacturers of 
 men's clothing known as the ''Sellwell Brand," and its trade extends throughout the 
 Southern States, which territory is covered by seven traveling salesmen, and the firm's 
 aggregate employees number 350, persons. 
 
 JULIUS LEVIN & SONS 
 
 LADIES' TAILORS 
 329 NORTH CHARLES STREET 
 
 This well-known ladies' tailoring establishment was established in 1897 by Julius 
 Levin at 830 North Howard Street. Later Mr. Clias. Levin entered the firm, and it 
 now occupies the premises 329 Xorth Charles Street, where is shown a large and well- 
 assorted stock of suitings. The rejtutation of Levin & Sons as expert ladies" tailors 
 has l)een won by efficient promiitness and fair dealing generally. 
 
 J. SETH HOPKINS-MANSFIELD CO. 
 
 4 AND 6 WEST FAYETTE STREET 
 
 This business was established nearly half a century ago bv Mr. J. Seth Hopkins. 
 Prior to tlie lire of 1904 this business was located on ]?altiniore' Street, east of Ciiarles. 
 and is at present located at 4, 6 and 8 West Fayette Strc(!t, where is displayed the most 
 complete lines of china and glass ware and novelties in brass and earthenware from 
 all i)arts of the globe. The present com])any was organized in 1904 with these officers: 
 J. Seth Hopkins, president; D. Clifford :\Iansfield. vice-i)resident and general numager: 
 Wm. H. Rutherford, treasurer, and Garrett L. Price, secretary. One of the specialties 
 of tlie company is the equipping of hotels wiih all kitchen and dining-room requisites, 
 and the firm secure orders from all jjarts of the country, even from New York and 
 Boston. The business ufilizcs over 20.000 s(iuare feet of floor space, making it one of 
 the largest stores of its kind in tiie South. 
 
SAMUEL E. REINHARD 
 
 A-^ 
 
 381 
 
THE NATIONAL MECHANICS' BANK OF BALTIMORE 
 
 This is one of the oldest financial institutions in Baltimore. Over a century ago, 
 in 1806, it was organized as tlie Mechanics' Bank, entering the "National" system in 
 18()5. 
 
 The bank has a capital of $1,000,000, surplus $1,000,000, undivided profits $200,- 
 000, and a deposit line of over $7,000,000. It does a general banking business, and has 
 correspondents in all the leading centers of the world. 
 
 The solid and imposing structure now erected on the site where formerly stood the 
 noble marble building destroyed by the great fire of February, 1904, is equipped with 
 all the most modern conveniences and facilities for conducting with care and despatch 
 its large and growing business. Its officers are: John B. Ramsay, president; James 
 Scott, cashier; Charles Hann, assistant cashier. 
 
 WILLIAM A. READ & COMPANY 
 
 The banking and brokerage house of William A. Read & Company was established 
 in April. 1905, growing out of the dissolution of Vermilye & Company, with which 
 house Mr. Read had formerly been a firm member. The present firm is composed of 
 Wm. A. Read, Joseph A. Seaman, John Hallett Clark, John W. Horner, Jr., James 
 Dean and W. M. L. Fiske. This house maintains direct connections with its New 
 York office, 25 Nassau Street, and also with its Boston, Chicago and London offices, 
 being connected by private wires. The local offices of William A. Read & Co. are 
 situated at 201 and 20.3 East German Street. 
 
 NATIONAL MARINE BANK 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This bank was incorporated in 1810 as the Marine Bank of Baltimore, in 1880 
 became a National Bank, and has located on its present site for 100 years. 
 
 It does a general banking business, and is under the personal management of its 
 president, who gives to it his entire time, thus assuring to depositors the best attention. 
 Capital, $400,000. Surplus, $150,000. 
 
 President, John M. Littig: vice-president, Geo. R. Vickers: cashier, Yates Penni- 
 man ; assistant cashier, Thos. F. Shriver. 
 
 Directors: John M. Littig, Geo. R. Vickers. V. J. Brown, James W. Bates. TT. 
 C. Matthews, George R. Tleffner. Townsend Scott. F. E. S. Wolfe, W. W. Abell. 
 
 HOWARD R. TAYLOR & CO. 
 
 MEMBERS OF THE BALTIMORE STOCK EXCHANGE 
 
 This firm grew out of the dissolution of Stickney, Taylor & Company, of which 
 firm Mr. Howard R. Taylor Avas formerly a member. On July 1, 1909, Mr. Jas. H. 
 Morris, of the firm of Morris Bros., bankers of Philadelphia and Portland, Ore., was 
 taken into the firm as a special partner. The offices of the company are located in tlic 
 Keyser Building, room 112. The company makes a specialty of dealing in Government. 
 Municipal, Railway and Corporation Bonds, and has direct communication witii Morris 
 Bros., bankers. Pliiladeliiliia and Portland, and other center'^. 
 
 ■AH2 
 
MAURICE J. MEYER 
 
 U^^^ 
 
 383 
 
HENRY P. RIEGER 
 
 Monuments, Mausoleums and Statuary 
 
 505 NORTH PACA STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Eieger established this business in 1893, whicli now is incorporated, witli offices 
 and plant at 505 N. Paca Street, devoted exclusively to monument and cemetery work 
 of the most artistic order. Mr. Rieger works in granite, marble and bronze, and em- 
 ploys a corps of expert designers and workmen, who are at all times under his ex- 
 perienced personal supervision, which accounts for the uniform and consistent high 
 character of the '"Rieger Productions." Mr. Rieger's business is not confined to 
 Baltimore, but extends as far South as Savannah and as far West as Chicago and St. 
 Louis, ^fr. Rieger has always oijoyed a large Jewish patronage and some of his 
 finest work is installed in Hebrew Cemeteries. Among wliich may be mentioned the 
 followinir: 
 
 Baltir[oke Hebrew. 
 M. S. Levy. 
 Samuel Dealham. 
 Frederick Nassauer. 
 
 AUOUST SciIlKE. 
 
 Joseph Schejstiial. 
 Harry Lobe. 
 Bertha Mayer. 
 Lii'i'MA.N Sei.dner. 
 Weil-Stein beroer. 
 Wm. Eiche.xgreen. 
 Samuel Hecut. Jr. 
 
 Alexaxijek Frank. 
 Max Ambach. 
 Levi Grief. 
 Kann l^ROS. 
 ASJIER ]?R()WN. 
 M. J. OlTENIlEIMER. 
 
 Frienkship Ce.metery. 
 Daniel Haer. 
 Ben. Schleisner. 
 Gustav Hess. 
 .Moses Fox. 
 Frederkk Ki-ein. 
 
 ■ losEPH Hollander. 
 
 RosExouR Family. 
 
 Oheh Sholam Cemktkuy. 
 
 Simon Cohe.v. 
 
 Juda Stracss. 
 
 Jacob ]\Iann. 
 
 il j.\ndorf. 
 
 Sami'el and Henry S. Kahn. 
 
 ^1. Star Weil. 
 
 Ok. Sa.mlel L. Frank. 
 
 Lsaac C uggen h ei .m er. 
 
 Albert Weil. 
 
 3S4 
 
Bitz, thuto. 
 
 HON. HARRY B. WOLF 
 
 385 
 
THOMAS C. BASSHOR COMPANY 
 
 Engineers and Contractors 
 
 28 LIGHT STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Among the largest manufacturing enterprises which have been factors in the ad- 
 vancement of Baltimore, the Thomas C. Basshor Company is one of the largest. Founded 
 in 1861 by Mr. Thomas C. Basshor, it was conducted by him alone until 1894, when, his 
 son being admitted as a partner, the style became Thomas C. Basshor & Co. In 1900 
 a company was formed, incorporated under the laws of Maryland, with the following 
 officers: Messrs. Harvey Middleton, president; W. C. Protaman, secretary, and C. H. 
 Basshor, vice-president and general manager. The office and warerooms of the company 
 were entirely destroyed during the fire of February 7, 1904. 
 
 The following is a partial list of concerns, buildings, etc., in Baltimore in which 
 we have installed boilers, heating apparatus, etc. : 
 
 Maryland House of Correction Maryland Bible Society 
 
 Johns Hopkins Hospital Western Female High' School 
 
 Eastern Female High School Law Building 
 
 St. Joseph's Hospital Crown Cork & Seal Co. 
 
 University Hospital Maryland Institute 
 
 Mt. Hope Retreat Baltimore Country Club 
 
 Wm. Keyser Estate Suburban Club 
 
 Keyser Office Building St. Vincent's Infant Asylum 
 
 Gaither Building Notre Dame of Maryland 
 
 United States Fidelity & Guarantee Co. Maryland Casualty Company 
 
 Singer Building Masonic Temple 
 
 Public School No. 2 Turnbull Building 
 
 The offices and salesroom of the company are situated in their new building at 
 28 Light Street. The large boiler and tank works of the company are situated on 
 Bush Street and the B. & 0. Railroad, and occupy the major portion of a city square. 
 
 NOVELTY STEAM BOILER WORKS 
 
 BOILER, STACK AND STEEL-PLATE WORK 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Novelty Steam Boiler Works of Baltimore, a thoroughly equipped plant, 
 located at 917 to 929 S. Howard Street, is directly on the railroad, and in full opera- 
 tion with competent mechanics, each a specialist in boiler, stack and, in fact, every- 
 thing made of iron or steel, each striving their best to surpass the past record of the 
 company, which was organized during 1900. 
 
 The plant occupies a ground area of 18,000 square feet, and the growth of the 
 plant is the best evidence of the extent the business has expanded. Monuments to the 
 skill of this company are to be seen in every section of the United States, in Porto 
 Rico, Mexico, Alaska, and even in remote foreign countries. While nominally a boiler 
 factory, the company has made a specialty of all kinds of plate steel work. 
 
 This company was incorporated under tlie laws of Maryland in lllO."). 
 
 386 
 
Bitz, Photo. 
 
 JACOB RAB 
 
 3S7 
 
M. AFFELDER & SON 
 
 FIRE INSURANCE 
 
 ROOM 714, AMERICAN BUILDING 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 MAX AllKLDKK, lOLXDEK 
 
 In 1S8() tliis linu was established, the senior 
 being Mr. Max Aflelder, who died in 1894, leav- 
 ing an unblemished record for integrity and fair 
 dealing in business transactions. Mr. Harry 
 Atlclder, the son, succeeded to the business 
 ( which has since been conducted under the same 
 linn name) and has kept up the record of the 
 old lirni, the office standing very high in under- 
 writing circles. They have a large clientele 
 among the business community and, by strict 
 attention to tiie interests of their customers, 
 well deserve the confidence reposed in them. 
 
 The firm occupy offices in the American Build- 
 ing, and, besides doing an extensive brokerage 
 business, represent the following well-known 
 companies as policy-writing agents: 
 
 Sun Insurance Office of Tendon, England 
 Western Assurance Co. of Toronto, Canada 
 London Assurance Corp. of London, Eng. 
 Commercial Union Assurance Co., Ltd., 
 
 of London 
 Northern Assurance Co., Ltd., of London 
 Queen Insurance Co. of America, New York 
 
 SANDERS & GEORGE 
 
 WHOLESALE TEAS AND IMPORTERS OF CHINESE PORCELAINS AND TEAKWOOD 
 6 EAST LOMBARD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The old house of Sanders & George was established in October, 1863, close to a 
 half century ago. The founders of the house were Franklin Sanders and Thomas J. 
 George. Mr. George died in 1897 and the business is now conducted by Mr. Franklin 
 Sanders and his son, Thomas G. Sanders, who became a partner in 1901. The business 
 was originally located at 26 East Lombard Street, where it remained uninterruptedly 
 until the fire of February 7, 1904. 
 
 Subsequently to this the firm built at 6 East Lombard Street, its present home. 
 Sanders & George are wholesale dealers in teas and importers of Chinese porcelains and 
 teakwood, in which lines it enjoys a foremost reputation throughout the country. 
 
 388 
 

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 LKWIS PUTZEL 
 
 389 
 
MAX TEICHMANN & CO. 
 
 CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS 
 Baltimore Office: 333 EQUITABLE BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 MAX IKICHMANX. C. P. A. 
 Of Max Telchmaiiii & Co. 
 
 Originator of the f. P. A. movement nnd the C. P. A. 
 law in the State of Maryland. 
 
 Founder and Past Pre.sideiit (1899-1900-1901) of the 
 Maiyland Association of Public Accountants. 
 
 Past President (1901-1902-190:M904) of the Mary- 
 laiiil Association of Cert tied Public Accountants. 
 
 Past President (1900-1901-1902-1903-1904) of the 
 State Board of E.vam'.ners of Public Accountants. 
 
 Past V'ice-President and Past Chairman of the Legis- 
 lative Comm ttee (1902-190M904) of the Federation of 
 Societes ot PubLc Accountants in the United States of 
 America. 
 
 Fellow ("Origiml") of the American Association of 
 Public Account mt^. 
 
 Member of the National Association of C. P. A. 
 Examiners. 
 
 Member of the American Academy of Political and 
 Social Science. 
 
 Recognized Authority on Finance, Accounting, Or- 
 gan;zat.on, System, etc. 
 
 .\uthor of "Technlqup of .\cc')\int'incy by Charts." 
 
 BAKER-WHITELEY COAL COMPANY 
 
 COAL, TOWAGE AND LIGHTERAGE 
 
 KEYSEH BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The admirable .situation of Baltimore as a great coal market is acknowledged 
 exerywhere. With close connections with the large coal-producing regions and with 
 une.xcelli'd facilities for expeditious handling. Baltimore has developed an immense 
 shi]iping trade, taking in coastwise and foreign ports. One of the great coal companies 
 (if tlie city, and one wliich has been a powerful factor in the development of this branch 
 of hiisiness in Baltimcre. is the Baker-Whiteley Coal Co., estal)lished in 1876 by 
 ilcrnard N. Baker and Jas. 8. Whiteley, at 15 South Street. This is one of the largest 
 coal-hauling companies and developers of mining operations in the country, with un- 
 limited capital and resources. A large number of productive mines of bituminous coal 
 are operated in Pennsylvania, giving employment to many hundreds of miners, etc., 
 and furnishing a gigantic freight trallic to the railroads. The output per day is 
 enormous, close to 5.000 tons. All manners of sea. rixcr ami harbor towing is done by 
 llie company, and its tugs are equipped with fire-immps and wrecking outfits. ]\Ir. 
 Jas. S. Whiteley is jiresident, Mr. C. H. Brown is vice-]in-i(iciit and .Mr. E. H. Ray is 
 secretary and treasurer. The othces of the i-omjjany aic in tlie Keyscr I'uilding. 
 
 390 
 
JUDGE .lAt'OU jr. JICSES 
 
 391 
 
BLACK & HUNTER 
 
 SUITE 1109, AMERICAN BUILDING 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Black & Hunter, both inenihers of wliich are certified public accountants, 
 was established April 1, 1907, by Wilnier Black and Andrew Hunter, Jr. Mr. Black 
 for five years was engaged in the accounting department of the United States Fidelity 
 & Guarantee Co., and has had long experience in general accounting work. Mr. Hunter 
 was engaged for fifteen years in the accounting department of the B. & 0. Railroad 
 Company and other corporations, and has virtually given a life service to accounting 
 work. 
 
 The original Baltimore office of the firm was at 72 Gunther Building, and at pres- 
 ent they occupy Suite 110!), American Building. In addition, they maintain a New York 
 office at 61 William Street. 
 
 Black & Hunter have unlimited facilities for performing accounting services, and 
 as an evidence of their capacity for handling this class of business, they refer to services 
 rendered the following: 
 
 Baltimore: National Mechanics Bank, Golden Trading Stamp Co., Read Drug & 
 Chemical Co., Canton Company, Baltimore City Health Department, \oung Men's 
 Christian Association, The Woman's College, Federated Charities in Baltimoxe, Mer- 
 chants' & Manufacturers' Association, P^merson Drug Company. 
 
 York, Pa.: Keystone Farm Machine Company, Lafayette Club, School Board, York 
 Chemical Company. 
 
 Mercersburfi, Fa. : Mercersburg Academy. 
 
 Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Lime & Supply Company. 
 
 The policy of this firm is to perform satisfactory service, and to keep everything 
 pertaining to its clients' aff'airs in the strictest confidence, thereby aiming to gain and 
 deserve the confidence of the business public, and to make a permanent reputation for 
 themselves in the accounting profession. The increasing list of their regular clients is 
 evidence that their efi'orts are meetinjj with deserved success. 
 
 S. JOHANCEN & COMPANY 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF SOLDER AND BABBITT METAL 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 A very important and successful enterprise is the large manufacturing plant of 
 S. Johancen & Co., manufacturers of solder and babbitt metal. This house was 
 founded by Mr. Johancen in 1893, and is one of the leading houses in the South. The 
 plant is located at President and Stiles Streets, and is run by steam power and equipped 
 with the most modern type of hydraulic and other machinery used in the manufacture 
 of solder in diti'crent forms, such as solder in the shape of wire on reels, etc. The plant 
 is a busy one, giving employment to many skilled hands, and has a large output. The 
 plant has a capacity of seven tons of finished material per day. The firm are manu- 
 facturers of solder and babbitt metal, soldering irons and spelter, also linotype and 
 stereotype metal. A specialty is made of wire solder. The trade of the house extends 
 over the entire United States, supplying many of the large plants that use solder in the 
 country. The business is rapidly growing in extent and importance and has a wide- 
 spread reputation for excellence of workmanship and quality, as well as for high stand- 
 ard of business management and expedition in handling orders. Mr. S. Johancen is 
 the sole projirietor, and a native of ]\Iarylaii<l. 
 
 {92 
 
SYLVAN H. LAUCHIIEIMER 
 
 393 
 
BALTIMORE AUDIT COMPANY 
 1027-1029 CALVERT BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlio Baltimore Audit Company was incoii)orato(l under spfcial Act of the Legis- 
 lature of li)O0, to succeed tlie firm of Kiiciiler & Ilehl, tiie members of wiiich were John 
 C. Kiiciiler and Charles L. Hehl, and both of whom are actively identified with the in- 
 corporated company, and all the oflicers of which are certified public accountants. 
 
 FACILITIES. 
 
 Equal to those of any company in its line of business.: audit iuL; and investiga- 
 tions of partneisliijis. c()i])orations, manufactuiinii interests. l)ankiny and municipal 
 accounts of the most general character. 
 
 The Baltimore Audit Company maintains a liranch ollice at Norfolk, Va. 
 
 REFERENCES. 
 
 The Baltimore Audit Company has among its clients many of the most represen- 
 tative business men and Inisiness corporations to whom it can refer respective clients 
 at all times, some of whom are as follows: Calvert Building & Construction Co., Gans 
 & Haman, Baltimore Bargain House, Baltimore Club, Loyola Perpetual Building Asso- 
 ciation, and many others. 
 
 POLICY. 
 
 An honest aim to elevate the profession — to undertake all work without fear or 
 favor of those who have employed us, and to fulfil our work without waiver of any of 
 tlie obligations which we assume. 
 
 CiGAfl a LOCn CORNER BOXES, CIGAR a LOCK CORNER boxes 
 
 r 
 
 -%r 
 
 ^*<iitMiif 
 
 J^' 
 
 THE C. C. LURSSEN SON CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF CIGAR AND LOCK CORNER BOXES, TEA CADDIES AND 
 SHELF BOXES, ALSO FINE RESAWING AND PLANING. 
 
 This firm was established twenty-eight years ago by C. C. Lurssen. After his death, 
 in July, 1901, the business was incorporated. The original location was 414, 410 and 
 418 West Conway Street, and the present location is Mount and Cole Streets. The 
 policy of this house has been to make high-class boxes of the better grade. 
 
 ;{i»4 
 
JACOB SCOI.L 
 
 ,lr^ 
 
 395 
 
Mb. Jacob Scoll, President. Mr. Charles M. Ovvexs, Secretary. 
 
 Mb. K. Millman, Vice-President. 'SI. ScoLC, Treasurer. 
 
 Established in the Year 190S 
 
 GOLDEN TRADING STAMP COMPANY 
 
 109 NORTH HOWARD STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Prior to the time the Golden Trading Stamp Co. was established Mr. Jacob Scoll 
 was actively associated in the furniture business for a period of eight years. 
 
 The Golden Trading Stamp Company was originally located at 200 Park Avenue. 
 In June, 1908, larger and more commodious quarters were obtained at their present 
 location, 109 North Howard Street. 
 
 Mr. Jacob Scoll, president of the Golden Trading Stamp Co., at the age of sixteen 
 years entered into the grocery business at Newport News, Va., and after two years, at 
 the age of eighteen, entered a new field, becoming the jvmior member of the Monumental 
 Furniture Company at Baltimore, Md. 
 
 At the age of twenty Mr. Scoll discontinued his connection with the Monumental 
 Furniture Company, and with his brother founded the Scoll Brotliers Furniture Com- 
 pany, doing business in Baltimore, Washington and Frederick, Md. This business 
 venture was likewise a success and is still carried on. In his twenty-second year Mr. 
 Scoll became associated with the Fourteenth Street Savings Bank of Washington, D. C, 
 in the capacity of director, and was in fact one of the foiuiders of this strong and 
 progressive banking house. At the age of twenty-three years i\Ir. Scoll and Mr. AL 
 Scoll, with K. Millman, established the Golden Trading Stamp Company, Mr. Jacob 
 Scoll becoming its president. 
 
 It is one of the largest and most successful firms of its kind in the city. There are 
 5,000 premiums of all descriptions displayed in their elaborate premium parlors. There 
 are over 1,000 merchants in every line of business giving Golden Trading Stamps in 
 Baltimore Citv. 
 
 ■A'X> 
 
J. C. Chrislhilf, Photo. 
 HOME OF GOLDEX TRADING STAMP CO. 
 
 397 
 
HECHT, BRITTINGHAM CO. 
 
 WHOLESALE MILLINERY 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 In 1891 Henry S. Hecht established this business \inder the firm name of Henry 
 S. Hecht «S: Co. In 1906 the business was incorporated under the present title by 
 Henry S. Hecht. .T. ^^■. C. Brittingham and others. 
 
 Mr. Hecht had had long practical experience in the millinery business, as has 
 ]\Ir. Brittingham. who was in the employ of one house for nearly a score of years. 
 Hecht, Brittingham Co. carry a general line of millinery goods and enjoy a large 
 volume of business from all sections of the South. The Hecht Brittingham Co. 
 occupy a magnificent warehouse and store at 111 West Baltimore Street. 
 
 HUBBS & CORNING CO. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 PAPER AND TWINE. PAPER BAGS. 
 
 Hubbs & Corning Co., Inc., was the outgrowth of 
 the Baltimore Branch of Chas. F. Hubbs & Co., of 
 New York, which was in charge of ^Ir. Chas. F. Corn- 
 ing, as manager of sales, with his brother, Mr. A. .J. 
 Corning, Jr., as assistant. In January, 1S98. the 
 business was incorporated and became entiiely a local 
 concern. In the big fire of 1904 Hubbs & Corning 
 suffered the loss of their building and entire sttick. 
 Two days later business was resumed at 22() ^V'est 
 Camden Street. Subsequently the company moveil 
 to its present lionie, 404 South Eutaw Street, with 
 four-story annex at 410 ^^'est Conway Street, where 
 is carried a most complete stock of foreign ami 
 domestic wrapj)ing-papers. Hubbs & Corning ( o. 
 make a point of supplying promptly the needs of its 
 customers, no matter how small or how large the 
 orders or how unusual the character of goods re- 
 quired. 
 
 F F '^ 
 
 ittiiiiiifl 
 
 ■Am 
 
UA.NIEL BENUANN 
 
 39!) 
 
BOETTIGHEIMER, REIER & COMPANY 
 
 27 W .BALTIMORE ST, 
 BALTIMOBE, MD. 
 
 This reliable millinery house was established in IS!)!) I)y ^Fr. Joseph Boetti^heimer 
 at 925 Pennsylvania Avenue, and on January 1, 1900, moved to 24 West Baltimore 
 Street, under the firm name of Boetti^^heimer, IMotter & ('oni])aiiy. The lirm is now 
 located at 27 West Baltimore Street and trades under the firm name of Boettigheimer, 
 Reier & Company, wiiieh tiiin is eomposed of Josepli ]?oettigheimer and John Reier. 
 Boettigheimer, Reier & Company are jobbers and imjjorters of uiillinery goods, trim- 
 mings and hats, and its trade covers an extensive territory, and is constantly repre- 
 sented by traveling representatives throughout its territory. The aim of this house 
 has been to earn success by fair dealings and reliable merchandise, and that it has 
 succeeded in its aims is attested by the patronage it commands. 
 
 CHARLES S. LEDVINKA. 
 
 ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS, FRUIT AND FOLIAGE 
 710 NORTH GAY STREET 
 
 Mr. Ledvinka established this business in May. 1!)()6, having come to this country 
 six years ago, from Austria, where he was born on May 8, 1879, in the city of Pracha- 
 litz. Before he came to this country he was foreman of the artificial flower factory of 
 Julius Masche Co., of Niedereinsiedel, Austria. His first business location in Baltimore 
 was at 735 Eager Street, and he is now located at 710 North Gay Street, where he 
 operates a plant where is manufactured both the material and finished product of his 
 business. Mr. Ledvinka manufactures artificial flowers, fruits, imitation foliage and 
 like goods in general, the aim being to produce high-grade art flowers with special 
 regard to art features fully equal in grade and quality to imported goods and which 
 may be sold at a less price by reason of the tariiT saving. 
 
 FLECKENSTEIN & CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF FELT, HAIR, FIBRE AND HUSK MATTRESSES 
 1917 BANK STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Fleckinstein & Co. was established in 1906 by Charles P. Fleckenstein and P. 
 Grossman, both of whom previously had had nearly a quarter of a century active 
 experience with the oldest mattress and bedding house of Baltimore. Mr. J. P. Sweglar 
 was later admitted into the firm. The original location of this business was 107 South 
 Bond Street, but owing to the need of more room the firm moved to 1917 Bank Street, 
 where is maintained a first-class factory for the manufacture of felt, hair, fiber and husk 
 mattresses and bedding of all kinds. The output of this plant averages between sixty 
 to seventy mattresses per day. 
 
 THE ALPHA DAIRY 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS 
 
 1200 ENSOR STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Alpha Dairy was established in 1884 by Mr. W. A. Spurrier at 1200 Ensor 
 Street. This business has seen a wonderful development, and now enjoys a most ex- 
 tensive business in all sections of the city, both in retail and wholesale lines. The 
 Alpha Dairy has commodious quarters at 52!) North Exeter Street, immediately oppo- 
 site the yards of the Western Maryland Railroad, trhich gives to this dairy great oppor- 
 tunitics\n the handling of its milk supplies. Creameries are maintained at Green- 
 mount and Hamstead, Md. The Alpha Dairy also handles a general line of dairy 
 products. 
 
 400 
 
DAVID BACKRACir 
 
 401 
 
MRS. CHARLES HELD 
 
 Choice Cut Flowers and Floral Designs 
 
 32 SOUTH EUTAW STREET 
 
 This business was estiblished thirty-five years ago by Mr. and Mrs. Charles Held and was later con- 
 ducted by Mrs. Charles Held and is still conducted in her name by her daughters, Miss?s Lena and 
 Matilda Held. The location of this business has been uninterruptedly at 32 South Eutiw Street, where 
 every up-to-datn method and facility are miintaiiied for the vending of choice cut flowers and effective 
 floral designs. The trade of this old establislied and most reliable floral house includes m:in.v of Balti- 
 more's representative people, which natiu- illy shciuld b^ the cis'^ with a business that tluring thirty-five 
 years has never devitited from th^ high principles which marked its incPi)tion. 
 
 402 
 
MANES STRAUSS 
 
 aALTlMORE. 
 
 403 
 
GOLDSTROM BROS. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Goldstrom Bros, were established in June, 1887, by Mr. Herman Goldstrom, under 
 the name of H. Goldstrom & Co. In 1890 Mr. Lewis A. Goldstrom was admitted to 
 the firm, and in 1900 the name of the house was changed to Goldstrom Bros. The 
 original location of the business was at the corner of Pratt and Albemarle Streets, 
 moving later to Lombard and Frederick Streets, and at present occupying 309-311 
 St. Paul Street, where is conducted one of the best-equipped plants in the city, using 
 only the most approved machinery and employing a large corps of efficient workmen. 
 Goldstrom Bros, manufacture a standard line of upholstered furniture, and their trade 
 extends through the southern and eastern section of the country, which territory is 
 efficiently covered by six traveling salesmen. This house has earned a high reputation 
 for integrity and reliability of product, as evidenced by its constantly increasing 
 business. 
 
 HARTWIG & KEMPER 
 
 WHOLESALE CHAIR MANUFACTURERS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The well-known house of Hartwig & Kemper was 
 established July 12, 1897, by Messrs. Wm. R. Hartwig 
 and Wm. H. Kemper, prior to which time Mr. Hartwig 
 had been a member of the firm of McDonough & Hartwig, 
 and INIr. Kemper had been buyer for the upholstering de- 
 partment of John Duer & Sons, so that both members of 
 the firm were absolutely equipped in experience to under- 
 take the business wliich they now so successfully conduct. 
 The offices and plant are situated at 316-318 West Pratt 
 Street, where they have facilities for turning out 600,000 
 chairs annually. Hartwig & Kemper make cane, wood 
 and leather seat chairs of various descriptions, aiming at 
 all times to make salable goods at low prices and to 
 make prompt shipments. The trade of Hartwig & Kemper 
 extends over a large territory, and is constantly increasing. 
 
 404 
 
THE LATE ISAAC BENESCH 
 
 Rftz, Fhoto. 
 
 405 
 
GANS BROTHERS 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS 
 100, 102, 104 HANOVER STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Establislied July 1, 1888, by Charles Gans, William Gans and Max Gans. 
 
 The nationally renowned umbrella house of Gans Bros, has played an important 
 part in the general extension of Baltimore's business reputation. 
 
 The first home of the famous "Born in Baltimore — raised everywhere" was at 46 
 West Baltimore Street; in 1890 business growth made necessary a move to 11.5 Hopkins 
 Place, and in 1904 the magnificent factory building situated at 100, 102 and 104 South 
 Hanover Street became what is the present home of Gans Brothers. This structure 
 consists of five stories and a basement — with a floor area of 60 x 90 feet, and with a 
 manufacturing capacity of 7,000 to 8,000 pieces per day. Their trade extends over the 
 United States, Canada and the West Indies. The policy which has upbuilt this ex- 
 tensive business is found in the constant improvement and betterment, both in method 
 and product, which policy has made the name "Gans" a synonym for "Umbrella 
 integrity." 
 
 J. SIEHLER 
 
 This business was originally established in 1875 by Jacob Siehler and Joseph H. 
 Hebrank. In 1887 the Mr. Siehler purchased his partner's interest and conducted 
 the business under his own name. Mr. Jacob Siehler died in 1905, since which time 
 the business has been owned and conducted by his sons, Charles H. A. Siehler and J. 
 Albert Siehler. 
 
 The business started on Aisquith Street facing JelTerson Street, and now occupies 
 an extensive plant at 403-5-7-9-11 West Barre Street. 
 
 In 1908 the firm filled large contracts for the Isthmian Canal Commission, Pan- 
 ama, and are now completing a contract for the Navy Department, and besides are 
 supplying large special orders from all sections of the country. 
 
 M. SOLMSON FLY SCREEN CO. 
 
 (MOSES SOLMSON, PROP.) 
 
 FLY SCREEN AND METAL WEATHER STRIP 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tlie M. Solmson Fly Screen Co. was established in 1892 by Moses Solnison, and 
 was situated prior to the fire of 1904 at Charles and German Streets, and since located 
 at Bayard and Nanticoke Streets, where are manufactured the nationally renowned 
 "Solmson" fly-screens and metal weather-strips. 
 
 The "Solmson" products are used liy thousands of residences, hospitals and institu- 
 tions and many Government buildings throughout the country, the business being 
 especially large in the cities of Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Norfolk and 
 Richmond. 
 
 4(i(; 
 
THE LATE ISAAC IIAMBUKGEK 
 
 407 
 
HENRY ROESSER & SON 
 
 OAK CHAMBER SUITS, CHIFFONIERS AND SIDEBOARDS 
 
 This firm was established in 1873, by Henry Roesser, Wnv. Rock, Julius Rudolph, 
 Wm. Hayes and A. Frank. In 1878 the firm was known as Roesser & Rock, and still 
 later the firm's name was changed to Henry Roesser & Son, which is its present title, 
 with J. Roesser as sole owner. The business was originally located in L'liler's Alley, 
 but is now located at 333 South Fremont Avenue. Henry Roesser & Son are manufac- 
 turers of oak chamber suites, chifioniers and sideboards. Henry Roesser & Son have 
 facilities for manufacturing their products from the rough boards to the finished piece, 
 maintaining unquestionably one of the most complete and up-to-date factories in the 
 city, as well as being the oldest establishment of its kind in this section of the country. 
 
 GEORGE SPINDLER 
 
 This house started in business in 1890 with Mr. George Spindler as the sole 
 owner. The original line covered by the business was the manufacture of mattresses, 
 bedding, couches and lounges, to which has since been added upholstering in general. 
 The original location was 1604 Canton Avenue, where Mr. Spindler was located for 
 ten years; later he removed to 1412 Eastern Avenue, where he remained for five years; 
 then he removed to his present ample establishment, 608 an 610 West Pratt Street. 
 Mr. Spindler is a manufacturer of a splendid line of parlor suits and couches, also 
 jobber in springs, bedding and mattresses, his dealings being exclusively with the trade. 
 The business extends over a large territory and the goods manufactvired are of recog- 
 nized durability and integrity for which the house is noted. This and the prompt 
 fulfilment of orders account for its magnificent success. 
 
 JAMES W. RAMSEY CO. 
 
 This house was established in June, 1906, by James W. Ramsey, who was for- 
 merly with W. A. Tottle & Co. Mr. J. W. Ramsey died in February, 1909, since which 
 time the business has continued as an incorporated company. The ofiice, salesrooms 
 and warehouse are located at 118 Hanover Street. J. W. Ramsey Co. are dealers in 
 wooden and willow ware, crockery and glass ware, tin and metal ware, and do an ex- 
 tensive business throughout the States of Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, South 
 Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia and District of Columbia, the territory being covered 
 by twelve salesmen. 
 
 THE WM. L. RUHE COMPANY 
 115, 117 AND 119 HOLLINGWORTH STREET 
 
 Our line of business includes the moving of printing press plants, of which we 
 make a specialty; also the repairing of all makes of printing presses, cutters, stitchers, 
 etc., reboring of cylinders of any diameter while in position, gear cutting of any 
 character, making of special machinery and special parts, pipe, engine and pump 
 work and general repair work. 
 
 In our printing press repair department we employ men who are experts in their 
 line. We are equipped with the latest type boring-bar, which was built under the 
 supervision of our Mr. Ruhe and constructed in our shops. The boring-bar is fitted 
 with its own steam power engine, which can be connected with any steam line, thus 
 saving the troubles and dangers incident to the moving of the cylinder. 
 
 408 
 
IBVIN EICHENGREEN 
 
 •ALTIrlORE. 
 
 409 
 
LYON. CONKLIN & COMPANY. INC. 
 
 This old-ostablislied house was founded in 1860 by Mr. Wni. L. Lyon, who was born 
 in Baltimore in tlie year 1832. was engaged in the metal business from his boyhood, ami 
 died Jiuie 18, 1907, up to which time he was actively connected with the business. In 
 December, 11)00, the firm, under Lyon, Conklin &' Company, was incorporated. an<l 
 started in business in this capacity January 1, 1007. witli Mr. Wm. L. Lyon, president; 
 Edward Edgar Lyon, vice-president; R. U. i^yon. treasurer, and (leo. W. Wood, secretary. 
 
 The business was carried on at Light and Water Streets for a great many years, 
 and in 1004, after the great tire, the firm purchased the property at 13, 15, 17 and 19 
 Balderson Street, whicli they now occupy, with facilities far greater than at their old 
 location, where they manufacture the high-class line of tin plates and metals and sundry 
 metal articles. 
 
 M. A. KRIES 
 
 Mr. Kries established this business in 1893, having been formerly connected with 
 the Schultz Gas Fixture and Art Metal Co. as foreman for fifteen years. Mr. Kries 
 manufactures a fine line of gas and electric fixtures and all kinds of metallic brass- 
 work, and is a brass founder and finisher. This business is located at 303 and 305 
 West Lombard Street, where Mr. Kries maintains a plant, which in point of facilities 
 and equipment is without superior in Baltimore. Mr. Kries has built up his business 
 on a basis of quick sales and small profits with first-class workmanship to back up 
 everv transaction. 
 
 SAMUEL 0. BE VANS & NIKOL CO. 
 
 HEATING, VENTILATING AND SHEET AND METAL WORK 
 1702 EAST FAYETTE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Samuel 0. Bevans & Nikol Co. was established in 1909 by Samuel 0. Bevans 
 and George C. Nikol. This firm is engaged in heating, ventilating and sheeting and 
 metal works of all kinds, and also handles and installs stoves, furnaces and ranges. The 
 original location of the business was 337 North Gay Street and the present location is 
 1702 East Fayette Street, where it conducts a thoroughly equipped plant and employs 
 a large and eflicient corps of workmen. 
 
 CHAS. A. HICKS CO. 
 
 This company Mas established in 1857 by Mr. Charles A. Hicks, at 925 Tliird 
 Avenue. Later the company moved to 911 Third Avenue, where is maintained a 
 thoroughly equijjped plant with all the necessary machinery for its large business. 
 Chas. A. Hicks Co. is engaged in the plumbing, sheet metal work and heating business, 
 and has fulfilled many substantial contracts, among which are the following: 
 
 The sheet metal and copper contract on the new Baltimore Y. M. C. A. building. 
 
 Sheet metal work on The Light & I'ower House, Baltimore. 
 
 Tin roof at Savage :\lills. Savage, Md. 
 
 Roof, cornice and skylights, Niver Coal Co.. Berlin, Pa. 
 
 Metal work. Engine House. Gould and ]McCulloli Streets, Baltimore. 
 
 Metal work, Truck House, Broadway below Baltimore Street, Baltimore. 
 
 no 
 
SIGMUND M. ADLER y ^^ 
 
 411 
 
SHERWOOD DISTILLING COMPANY 
 
 "SHERWOOD RYE WHISKEY" 
 
 The Sherwood Distilling Company was established in 1868 and incorporated in 
 1882. The distillery is located at Cockeysville, Md., and the general offices are in the 
 Fidelity Building, Baltimore, Md. The product of the distillery is the famous "Sher- 
 wood Rye Whiskey," the reputation of which reaches into every State, town and 
 hamlet in the country. 
 
 Mr. John H. Wight is president of the company and Mr. H. Wight is secretary. 
 
 FRANK STEIL BREWING CO. 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Frank Steil Brewing Co. was established December 1, 1900, the officers of 
 the company being Frank Steil, President; Fred Steil, Vice-President; Henry Bucks- 
 baura, Secretary. This celebrated brewery is located at 44-46 Garrison Lane, Balti- 
 more, where is brewed the surpassing "Deutsches Beer," "XXX Porter," and "Pale 
 Beer." The product of this brewery is rightly called "Ye old Steil Beer," because 
 that is exactly what it is; the kind of beer that tastes like beer ought to taste, and 
 is as pure as beer ought to be. Tlie Steil Brewery is one of the very up-to-date 
 beer making plants in the country, thoroughly sanitary and equipped with the latest 
 machinery. It has been said that after you once drink "Ye old Steil Beer," all the 
 "new style beers" become old style to your palate — it is just that superior to others 
 in purity and flavor. 
 
 THE CARBONDALE MACHINE CO. 
 Wm. M. Chatard, Manager, 1412 Continental Building 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 ICE MACHINES, REFRIGERATING PLANTS, COLD STORAGE 
 
 The Baltimore branch of the Carbondale Machine Co. was established July 1, 1904. 
 With an experience of twenty years and maintaining its own corps of men to erect, 
 care for and repair its ice-machines, this company ranks as one of the largest and most 
 competent manufacturers of ice machinery in the country. The latest machines manu- 
 factured by this company may be o])erated by exhaust steam, thereby saving much fuel. 
 
 Among the important Baltimore contracts fulfilled by this company may be noted: 
 The refrigerating plant of Hutzler Bros, (which is the first and largest fur storage 
 vault to be installed in Baltimore), the B. & 0. office building, Gardiner Dairy (three 
 orders), The Belvedere Hotel, Pikesville Dairy Co., the Washington Apartments and 
 the Standard Oil Co. ( four orders ) . 
 
 THE SIMMONS MANUFACTURING CO. 
 
 612-618 WEST PRATT ST. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 From a two horse-power equipment in 1871 to 4,000 horse-power in 1907, and 
 from nine employees to 2,500, expresses the evolution of the Simmons Manufacturing 
 Company, of Kenesha, Wis. 
 
 An immense amount of raw material is required to run a factory covering thirty- 
 two acres of floor space, comprising thirty-six buildings in all, with an average daily 
 output of 500 brass beds, 3,600 iron beds, 2,400 spring l^eds, 1,500 wire mattresses, 800 
 couches, 800 cots, 200 cribs, 150 costumers and 1,000 folding chairs, or in other words, a 
 solid trainload of finished products. 
 
 The Baltimore branch of the Simmons Manufacturing Company is located at 612 
 to 618 West Pratt Street. 
 
 412 
 
SIMON II. STEIN 
 
 413 
 
WALLACE STEBBINS & SONS 
 
 CONTRACTING ENGINEERS 
 CHARLES AND LOMBARD STREETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was established by Mr. Wallace Stcbbins in 1893, who, prior to which 
 time, had been for thirty-tlirec years the active liead of tlie firm of Thomas C. Basshor 
 & Co. This house maintains a sliop of large capacity, and the growth of tliis business 
 is ample warrant that its methods, equipment and output are of the very higliest cliar- 
 acter. Wallace Stebbins & Sons are steam-pipe fitters and machinists; also dealers in 
 boilers, engines, tanks and supplies, and make a specialty of heavy pipe work and 
 cylinder boring. This firm also handles Ideal engines and Fitzgibbf)ns boilers. 
 
 Wallace Stebbins & Sons are contracting engineers, with headquarters at the cor- 
 ner of Charles and Lombard Streets, Baltimore. 
 
 EUGENE D. SPRINGER 
 
 Baltimore's rapid growth has afforded a fine opportunity for the expert builder 
 and contractor, especially since the destruction of so many fine buildings during the 
 late fire. Among the builders and contractors who have established a high reputation 
 for reliable and effective work is Mr. Eugene D. Springer. He established himself in 
 business in 1896 and is located at 424 South Charles Street, with his shop on the second 
 fioor, which is completely fitted with all the modern tools and appliances of the business. 
 Some twenty-five hands are employed, and more, as the nature of the contracts demand. 
 His business is chiefly in the city and vicinity. He contracts for and builds factories, 
 warehouses, store buildings and residences. He makes a specialty of giving prompt and 
 careful attention to job work, and in addition is an expert adjuster of machinery. His 
 business extends among the best and most prominent property owners of the city, and 
 he has established a reputation for honest workmanship which adds yearly to his large 
 business. 
 
 WILLIAM C. SCHERER & CO. 
 
 SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, MOULDINGS, WINDOW AND DOOR FRAMES 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 William C. Scherer & Co. are the successors of the old house of John Scherer & 
 Son, and the firm is composed of W^illiam C. Scherer and Philip Green. This firm is 
 located at 808-809-810-812 West Baltimore Street, and are wholesale and retail dealers 
 in sash, doors and blinds, window and door frames, brackets, mouldings, stair work, 
 porch work, interior finish, cabinet mantels, etc. The Frame Department of Wm. C. 
 Scherer & Co. is situated at 807, 809, 811, 813, 815 Raborg Street, and the Wholesale 
 and Shipping Department 847, 849, 851, 853 Raborg Street. 
 
 THE STANDARD CAP CO. 
 
 MEN'S, BOYS' AND CHILDRENS' CAPS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Standard Cap Co. was established in 1900 l)y ]\lax .Toffc, wiio previous to this 
 time had been a wholesale and retail merciiant in Hagerstown, Md. Up to the time of 
 the fire of 1904 this business was located at 38 West Baltimore Street, since which time 
 it has been situated at 638 West Baltimore Street. The Standard Cap Co. makes a 
 specialty of manufacturing hats and caps, and has facilities for turning out 300 dozen. 
 The Standard Cap Co. has had S])ecial orders for the caps worn in the (Jompers "Home 
 Coming" in Wasliington and other large organizations. Tiie trade of this company 
 extends into the States of Maryland, Rennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, Georgia, 
 Florida, Alabama and Waaliington, D. C. 
 
 414 
 
SOI.OiNIO' FRANK 
 
 415 
 
CALVERT STOVE AND HEATING COMPANY 
 
 The Calvert Stove aiul Ilealiiij,' ('(uiipiiiiy. 107 ( 'oimiicrfe Street, was organized 
 February, 1906, to take over tlio contract (iejiartniciit of Isaac A. Sheppard & Co., 
 which linn is and has been well known in this coinnmnily for many years through 
 the excellent lino of y<io(ls \v liich it manufactures, among which are the Ex- 
 celsior ranges. Paragon furnaces and Paragon hot-water and steam boilers, for all 
 of which they are agents. There are several hundred of the Paragon steam and water 
 plants and several hundred of the Kxcelsior ranges and Paragon furnaces in successful 
 operation in and around Baltimore. The oHicers of tlie company are: Charles S. Austin, 
 president; William E. Austin, trcasuier. and Clarence 15. Itiuich, secretary. 
 
 GIBSON & YOUNG 
 
 ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS 
 110 NORTH EUTAW STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Gibson & Young were establislicd in 1907, by M. O. Gibson and J. W. Young, Jr., 
 botii men of large practical experience in their line of business. The location of this 
 firm is at 110 North Eutaw Street, and in point of facilities is capable of undertaking 
 and fulfilling all character of contracts in an expert and prompt manner. Gibson & 
 Young are electrical engineers and have been awarded many large contracts in their 
 line of business and enjoy a favorable standing in the construction world. 
 
 F. X. GANTER CO. 
 
 SHOW CASES, BAR, BANK, JEWELERS' AND DRUGGISTS' FIXTURES 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was established in 1876 by Mr. Francis X. Ganter and conducted 
 by him under his individual name until January 7, 1909, when the title was changed 
 to F. X. Ganter Co. The original location of this business was on Hanover Street, 
 near Lombard Street, moving in 1884 to 9 and 11 West Pratt Street, and in 1898 to its 
 present location, which takes in the entire city block bounded by Leadenhall, Stock- 
 holm, Peach and West Streets, where is maintained one of tlie largest factories in the 
 country for the manufacture of show cases, store, office and restaurant fixtures; 
 billiard and ])ool tables: niinor ])]ates and beveled plate glass. 
 
 P. J. CUSHEN 
 
 This business was established in 1900 by Mr. P. J. Cushen and Mr. Wni. E. 
 Ferguson, trading as P. J. Cushen & Co. In 1904 Mr. Wm. E. Ferguson withdrew 
 from the firm, since which time Mr. Cushen has conducted the business on his own 
 account. This firm is engaged in a general contracting and building business and has 
 facilities for handling all character of work; its motto being "Good Work at Fair 
 Prices." 
 
 Among the contracts fulfilled may be mentioned: 
 
 Empire Theatre (now Jilaney's). 
 
 No. 16 Engine House (Fire Boat Station). 
 
 Twelve portable schools (for School Board of Baltimore City). 
 
 Lexington Market 
 
 Cross Market 
 
 lit) 
 
SIDNEY B. COIIKN 
 
 417 
 
KRUSE'S HOTEL 
 
 308 NORTH EUTAW STREET 
 
 This homelikp little hotol was established March 17, 1004. and contains twenty 
 neatly furnished rooms (sinn^le and double), is located in the heart of the city and 
 shopping district, opposite Blaney's Theatre and within two squares of the Academy 
 of Music, Auditorium, Maryland and Ford's Theatres, accessible by all car lines 
 traversing the city. 
 
 The hotel has one of the largest and best ventilated dining-rooms in the city for 
 ladies and gentlemen, where the choicest of everything in season is served by polite 
 and attentive waiters, who are ever ready to please. Our specialties are mostly German 
 dishes and delicacies in great variety. 
 
 The kitchen is under the personal supervision of Mrs. Kruse. 
 
 The bar is stocked with the l)est and purest products. 
 
 Special attention is paid to after-theatre parties; also caterers to outside wed- 
 ding and reception parties. 
 
 OTTENHEIMER BROS. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF SAUSAGES AND DEALERS IN BUTCHERS' SUPPLIES 
 
 Ottenheimer Bros, was established in 1875 by Moses and Eleazer Ottenheimer, 
 trading under the firm name of M. Ottenheimer & Son. In 1895 the firm name was 
 changed to Ottenheimer l?ros.. the firm consisting of Eleazer, Bernard M. and Samuel 
 M. Ottenheimer (sons of Moses Ottenheimer). The factory of Ottenheimer Bros, is 
 located at 15-17 Frederick Avenue, where are manufactured the famous Ottenheimer 
 sausage, w'hich are vended in all the leading markets of the city. 
 
 The Butchers' Supply Department is located at 221 South Eutaw Street, with 
 annex at 208 South Eutaw Street, where are sold all manner of butchers' tools, files 
 and machinery, refrigerators, racks and blocks, shelving, scales and spice-mills. The 
 constant increasing of this enterprising firm is ample testimony of the merits of its 
 
 enterprise and integrity. 
 
 KAUFMAN BEEF CO. 
 
 BALTIMORE DRESSED BEEF 
 
 The Kaufman Beef Co. was originally established in 1875 by H. C. Kaufman; the 
 firm later became Kaufman Bros., and in 1906 was incorporated as the Kaufman Beef 
 Co. The original location of this business was 18 Hollins Market and the present loca- 
 tions are 607-609 Lexington Market and 18-20 Hollins Market. The Kaufman Beef Co. 
 do strictly Kosher killing, at the local abbatoir, for the wholesale and retail trade. The 
 policy of the Kaufman Beef Co. is to deal honestly, and its aim is to have satisfied 
 customers. That it has succeeded in these aims is best evidenced by the large and con- 
 stantly increasing patronage which it enjoys. 
 
 NORTH BROS. & STRAUSS 
 
 The firm of North Bros. & Strauss was established in 1887 by Henry F. Strauss, 
 James E. North and Israel R. North. Prior to engaging in the above business, the 
 members of the firm were engaged in the retail furni.shing line. The firm was originally 
 located at 325 West Baltimore Street, and now occupies the magnificent seven-story 
 building at the northeast corner of Pratt and German Streets, where is maintained 
 one of the best equipped factories of its kind in the country. Prior to moving to their 
 present quarters, and subsequent to their location 225 West Baltimore Street, the firm 
 was located at Light and Mercer Streets, and Hanover and German Streets. The North 
 Bros. & Strauss are jobbing manufacturers of negligee and dress shirts, gent's night 
 robes and summer underwcai'. 'ibis firm cmjdoys one thousand operatives. 
 
 4 is 
 
A. EISEXEERG 
 
 419 
 

 
 
 McINTYRE & HENDERSON 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ENGINEERS AND BOILERMAKERS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 clntvif 
 
 & Henderson were established in 1901, the firm 
 
 members 
 
 being 
 
 Edward 
 
 Mclntyre and 
 
 .1. E. 
 
 Henderson. The plant of this firm is loca 
 
 ted 
 
 at tiie 
 
 foot 
 
 of Mont- 
 
 gomery Street 
 
 . ami 
 
 is equipped with every facility adapted to 
 
 tlif 
 
 high 
 
 order 
 
 of work 
 
 which 
 
 they execute. 
 
 McHityro & Henderson are (Migineers and 
 
 hoi 
 
 ler-ina 
 
 <ers and make 1 
 
 a spec 
 
 alty of 
 
 general repair work. 
 
 
 
 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 ATLANTIC COPPERSMITH AND PLUMBING WORKS 
 
 812 REPPERT STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 THE MALLORY MACHINERY CO., INC. 
 
 DEALERS IN NEW AND SECOND-HAND MACHINERY. COMPLETE PLANTS BOUGHT 
 
 AND SOLD 
 Ofllce and Sales Room, 308 to 318 S. Charles St., Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Among the leading industrial enterprises of Baltimore is The Mallory Machinery 
 Co., Inc., which is the successor of a firm established thirty-nine years ago. The new 
 company was incorporated recently and deals in all kinds of machinery — boilers, steam 
 pumps, engines, lathes, drill presses, saw-mills, contractors' ecjuipment, ice and 
 refrigerating plants, and carry and have ready for shipment the largest stock of 
 second-hand machinery in the South. 
 
 The Mallory Machinery Co., Inc., have their office and sales rooms at 308-318 South 
 Charles Street, Baltimore, Md. Its officers are: George A. McCauley, president: 
 Henry H. Hubner, treasurer; Jacob Noll, secretary. 
 
 WILLIAM J. S. MILLAR 
 
 856 W. NORTH AVE. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. ^lillar began business on his own accoiuit in 1894, having had prior experience 
 in his special line of business both in Baltimore and Washington. Mr. Millar is 
 engaged in the heating, plumbing and roofing business and has up-to-date facilities 
 in every department of his business for the handling and execution of work. His 
 establishment is located at 85G West North Avenue, near Linden Avenue, and his motto 
 of "honest dealing and long friendship" has won for him an extensive patronage, as 
 shown by the many large and general contracts which he has fulfilled in Baltimore 
 and in Washinjiloii. 
 
 420 
 
KLKAN^ DREY 
 
 421 
 
THOMAS MATTHEWS & SON 
 
 This old-established house was founded in 1815, by Thomas Matthews, who later 
 associated with him in the business his son, Joseph Matthews, the father of Henry C. 
 Matthews, the present head of the firm of Thomas Matthews & Son. 
 
 Joseph Matthews died in the year 1892. H. C. Matthews in February, 1907, ad- 
 mitted into the tirm Ilarrj' J. Matthews, his son, so that the business is at jjresent 
 conducted by the grandson and the great-grandson of the founder. The first location 
 of the business was on North High Street, and about the year 1844 the lot facing on 
 Fleet, Albennarle and Exeter Streets was purchased. At present the business is sit- 
 uated on Fleet and Albermarle and Block and Willis Streets. 
 
 The special and general lines of lumber handled by Thomas Matthews & Sons are 
 white and yellow pine, Oregon pine, cypress, oak, California redwood, special timber, 
 large sizes and long lengths. 
 
 MORGAN COMPANY 
 
 WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS OF MILL WORK 
 OSHKOSH, WIS., AND BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This company was established in 1886, succeeding The Carleton-Foster Company, 
 and was composed of three cousins, Thomas R. Morgan, Albert T. Morgan and J. Earl 
 Morgan, all substantial young men and strongly identified with the lumber and bank- 
 ing business of Oshkosh, Wis. The Morgan Company was originally a firm, but in 1904 
 was incorporated, with the following officers: J. E. Morgan, president; E. S. Rich- 
 mond, vice-president; J. W. Baker, secretary; J. G. Lloyd, treasurer. The plant of the 
 Morgan Company is located at Oshkosh, Wis., and the Baltimore office, which was 
 opened in 1889, is under the management of Mr. C. A. Hanscom. The Morgan Com- 
 pany are manufacturers of the "Perfect Door," and all lines of interior finish. The 
 capacity of this company may be inferred from the fact that it can turn out 1,500 
 doors, 1,500 windows, 500 pairs of blinds, and 500,000 feet of moulding per day. The 
 policy of the business is conservative, yet strong in enterprise and character, aiming 
 to supply the best of material, and to maintain, at all times, a reputation far above 
 its competitors. The Morgan Company's product has been installed in the following 
 buildings in the East (a few of many) : Baltimore, Md. — St. Joseph's House of Indus- 
 try, Preston Apartments, Earl Court Apartments, Merchants' & Miners' Transporta- 
 tion Building, Professional Building, Cecil Apartments, Bellevue-Manchester Apart- 
 ments, Maryland Life Insurance Company, rows of houses in all sections of Baltimore, 
 among them Auchentoroly Terrace, facing Druid Hill Park, St. Paul Street, Cromwell 
 Street, Madison Avenue, Whitlock Street, North Calvert Street, West North Avenue, 
 Linden Avenue, Robert Street, and many others, also Summer House for Sisters of 
 Notre Dame, Notch Cliff, Md. Washington, D. C. — St. Rose's Industrial School, many 
 apartments and rows of houses. Philadelphia, Pa. — Many apartments and rows of 
 houses. Old Point Comfort, Va. — Hotel Chamberlain. Norfolk, Va. — Hospital St. Vin- 
 cent de Paul. 
 
 NEWTON & PAINTER 
 
 Newton & Painter were established in March, 1904, by C. W. Newton and C. E. 
 Painter. Mr. Newton previously had been chief engineer of the heating department 
 of Bartlett, Hayward & Co., and Mr. Painter was a practising consulting engineer, 
 having also been chief engineer of the Crown Cork & Seal Company. The office of 
 Newton & Painter was originally at 19 E. Saratoga Street, and later in the American 
 Building. The firm at present occupy a suite of offices at 614-615-616 Professional 
 Building. The following is a selected list of buildings which have been perfected un- 
 der the plans and supervision of Newton & Painter: The Chamber of Commerce, B. & 
 0. Central Building, American Btiilding, Crown Cork & Seal Building, Hutzler Bros., 
 Woman's College, 'J he Hebrew Hos])ital and Esylum, The Hub, all in Baltimore; the 
 United States Courthouse and Post Office, at Baltimore. 
 
 422 
 
HENRY BURGUNDER (DECEASF.n) 
 
 423 
 
CHARLES ZIES & SONS 
 
 Engineers and Machinists 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm of Cliarles Zies & 
 Sons was establislied September 
 4, 1884, by Mr. Charles Zies, who 
 was born in Germany, February 
 14, 1840, and who, prior to com- 
 ing to this country, was foreman 
 of Hentschell & Sons' Locomo- 
 tive Works, located in Cassel, 
 Germany. In 1906 Mr. Zies took 
 into the firm liis sons, John, 
 Clias. N.. Wm. C. and Frederick 
 Zies. The original location of 
 this business was 316 S. Fre- 
 mont Street, to wliieli has been 
 added since 314 and 318 S. 
 Fremont, and later extended 
 through to 313-315-317-321 Ring 
 gold Street. 
 
 Charles Zies & Sons are manu 
 facturers of ice machines, 
 butchers' and brewery machin- 
 ery, steam engines, and deal in 
 all kinds of boilers, pumps, pipes, 
 valves, fittings, belting, packing, 
 etc. The aim of this firm is to 
 serve its patrons faithfully and 
 at reasonable rates consistent 
 with the highest class workmanship. Charles Zies & Sons are agents for Remington Ice 
 Company, Paul Pulley Company, Canton-Hughes Pump Company, Princess Automatic 
 Washing Machine Company, Lycoming Engines, etc. 
 
 In their ice-making and refrigerating machine department may be noted the fol- 
 lowing installations recently: 
 
 Albert A. Brager, Department Store 6-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Bernheimer Bros., Department Store 12-ton refrigerator, 
 
 Ottenheimer Bros., Provisions 12-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Wagner Bros., Provisions 20-ton refrigerator. 
 
 W. P. Bird & Bros., Provisions 4-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Severn Apartment Co 6-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Notre Dame College 8-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Sparrows Point Store Co., Provisions 6-ton refrigerati 
 
 George Horn, Provisions 2-ton refrigerator, 
 
 Blome & Son Co., Chocolates 10-ton refrigerator 
 
 Blue Ribbon Candy Co., Chocolates 12-ton refrigeratoi 
 
 Lauer & SuTER, Chocolates 110-ton refrigeratoi 
 
 Guth Chocolate Co., Chocolates 8-ton refrigerator, 
 
 Chas. W. Treuth, Ellicott City, Provisions 4-ton refrigerate 
 
 Jos. R. Coale, Belair, Md., Provisions 6-ton refrigerati 
 
 House oe Correction, Jessups, Md 10-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Springfield State Asylum, Sykesville, Md 8-ton refrigerator. 
 
 Samuel H. Yates, Glyndon, Md 8-ton refrigerator 
 
 and many others. 
 
 refrigerating plant installed in a. a. bracer's 
 store 
 
 424 
 
X 
 
 A. A. BRAGEB DEPARTMENT STORE 
 
 J. C. Christhili^ Photo. 
 
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 427 
 
GOMPRECHT & BENESCH 
 
 There are few larjicr and more complete emporiums of house-furnishing lines in 
 the country than the well-known and highly esteemed firm of Gomprecht & Benesch, 
 316, 318, 320 and 322 North Eutaw Street. This house was established in 1883 as the 
 Eutaw Furniture Co. In September. 1897, the business came under the control of 
 J. Gomprecht, and in 1901 the firm became as at present. The structure was rebuilt 
 that same year, and is a handsome six-story building of brick and terra-cotta, with 
 dimensions of GO x 140 feet. Here is displayed one of the largest and most complete 
 lines of furniture and pianos carried by any house in the United States. A most 
 attractive exhibit is made of furniture of all styles and makes, for parlor, bedroom, 
 library, boudoir and kitchen uses. A large and varied assortment of carpets, rugs, 
 mattings, oilcloths and linoleums are always in stock. The house is popularly called 
 the "home-making estal)lishment"; and, in fact, a tasty and comfortable home can be 
 equipped from cellar to garret without having to go out of the store. The house sells 
 for cash, or on a most convenient and easy system of payments graduated to suit 
 persons of moderate incomes. The equipment of the house is perfect, and the salesmen 
 are experienced and courteous, with every facility for the prompt delivery of goods of 
 the most satisfactory character. The firm consists of ,J. Gomprecht and J. Benesch, both 
 of Baltimore. 
 
 S. GINSBERG & CO. 
 
 WHOLESALE CLOTHING MANUFACTURERS 
 
 GEBMAN AND PACA STREETS, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 S. Ginsberg & Co. was established in 1893 by Solomon Ginsberg, who is the sole 
 owner of the business. The original location of the firm was at 29 Hopkins Place, and 
 its present home is tlie magnificent structure at the northwest corner of Green and 
 German Streets, where is conducted one of the largest wholesale clothing manufacturing 
 establishments in Baltimore. S. Ginsberg & Co. do an extensive business throughout 
 the south and southwestern sections of the country, which territory is traveled by 
 eight salesmen. The number of operatives employed by this house ranges from 350 
 to 400. 
 
 42S 
 
J. C. Christhilf, Photo. 
 
 IIOCHSCHII.D, KOHX & CO. 
 
 429 
 
JOHN R. LIVEZEY 
 
 Designer and Contractor for 
 
 Cold Storage Insulation and Refrigerators 
 
 Brine and Ammonia Pipe Covering 
 
 Philadelphia Office 
 
 1933 MARKET STREET 
 
 Baltimore Office 
 
 308 NORTH HOLLIDAY STREET 
 
 R. W. BAIR, Local Manager 
 
 This business was established over fourteen years ago by John R. Livezey, who had been in the employ 
 of J. K. Kilburn, one of the pioneer Ice Machine Builders in England and this country, opening an office 
 as Consulting Engineer in Ice and Refrigerating plant construction. 
 
 A short while after the business was started he added to the business the designing and contracting 
 for Cold Storage Insulation and Refrigerators, and Pipe Covering work of all kinds. 
 
 Among the large contracts fulfilled for hot and cold pipe covering Is the Bellevue-Stratford, Phila., 
 where he had the entire contract for all of the insulating work. Also at the Penna. Railroad Station. 
 Phila., and the Union Station, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Cold storage insulation has become an important industry, and Mr. Livezey, with his knowledge of 
 refrigeration work and with the assistance of those who are well equipped, produces results in a line which 
 is as of as much importance as the refrigerating machine, and is excelled by none. 
 
 A few of the important contracts for cold storage insulation are given hereunder: 
 
 Arbogast & Bastian Allentown, Pa. 
 
 Jacob Ulmer Packing Company Pottsville, Pa. 
 
 Croninger Packing Company Shamokin.Pa. 
 
 Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel Atlantic City, N. J. 
 
 Royal Palace Hotel Atlantic City, N. J. 
 
 Jos. Campbell Company Camden, N. J. 
 
 Penna. Cold Storage and Market Company Philadelphia 
 
 D. B. Martin Company Philadelphia 
 
 Louis Bergdoll Brewing Company Philadelphia 
 
 Abbott's Alderney Dairies Philadelphia 
 
 Standard Ice Company Philadelphia 
 
 Washington Market Company Washington, D. C. 
 
 Hutzler Bros.' Fur V.\ult Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Greenwald Packing Co Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Gardiner Dairy Company Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Standard Oil Company Baltimore, Md. 
 
 American Ice Company Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Sheppard & Enoch Pratt Hospital Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Belvidere Hotel Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Anheuser-Busch Brewing Company Norfolk, Va. 
 
 MoNTAUK Dairy Company Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Anheuser-Busch Brewing Company Richmond, Va. 
 
 Crystal Ice Company Richmond, Va. 
 
 Shepherd Ice Cream Company Richmond, \'a. 
 
 Kingan & Company Richmond and Baltimore 
 
 430 
 
HUB BUILUING 
 
 J. C. Christhilf, Photo. 
 
 431 
 

 HAWLEY DOWN-DRAFT 
 FURNACE COMPANY OF MARYLAND 
 
 GEORGE F. WHITING, Lessee 
 
 2100 EAST NORTH AVE 
 BALTIMORE. MD. 
 
 We install our furnaces entirely at our own risk, subject to the following guaran- 
 tees according to condition : 
 
 GUARANTEES : 
 
 To prevent 90 per cent, of the smoke, burning any fair grade of bituminous 
 
 To increase capacity of boiler to from 40 per cent, to 50 per cent, above 
 
 To save from 10 per cent, to 20 per cent, of fuel, according to conditions. 
 
 To show higher economy and less repairs than any other patent furnace. 
 
 To remove our furnaces and replace original settings if v/e fail in any 
 
 First: 
 coal. 
 
 Second : 
 rating. 
 
 Third : 
 
 Fourth : 
 
 Fifth : 
 guarantee. 
 
 Upon application our representative will visit your plant, carefully consider your 
 conditions, and make you a proposition guaranteeing you a definite return yearly on 
 your investment, an increased boiler power and other advantages, as your conditions 
 may suggest. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 BOSTON, MASS 
 Boston Electric Light Co., 3.3 furnaces 
 
 BALTIMORE 
 
 U. S. Post-OflSce and Court house, 5 furnace 
 
 Bernheimer Bros., 3 furnaces 
 
 Hochschild, Kohn & Co., 4 furnaces 
 
 Hutzler Bros., 4 furnaces 
 
 Rennert Hotel, 2 furnaces 
 
 Sharp & Dohme, 2 furnaces 
 
 Monticello Distilling Co., 4 furnaces 
 
 National Brewing Co., 5 furnaces 
 
 Cryst.al Ice Co., 3 furnaces 
 
 Mercy Hospital, 3 furnaces 
 
 American Tobacco Co., 4 furnaces 
 
 HAGERSTOWN, MD. 
 Municipal Electric Light Plant, 2 furnaces 
 
 WILLIAMSPORT, MD. 
 W. D. Byron ife Son Co., 2 furnaces 
 
 SUFFOLK, VA. 
 Virginia Mills 
 Electric Light, Ice & Power Co., 3 furnaces 
 
 RICHMOND, VA. 
 Home Brewing Co., 4 furnaces 
 
 NORFOLK, VA. 
 Citizens Bank Building, 2 furnaces 
 
 PULLMAN, ILL. 
 Pullman Palace Car Co., 22 furnace.s 
 
 NEW YORK 
 U. S. Post-Office, 8 furnaces 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 Bureau Printing & Engraving, 7 furnaces 
 U. S. Treasury Building, 9 furnaces 
 Stoneleigh Court, .\pt., 2 furnaces 
 Post Building, 2 furnaces 
 Providence Hospital, 3 furnaces 
 Potomac Electric I^ight and Power, 13 furnaces 
 Gordon Hotel, 2 furnaces 
 Evening Star Building, 2 furnaces 
 V\^ashington .Market, 2 furnaces 
 S. Kahn & Son Co., 2 furnaces 
 Winder Building, 4 furnaces 
 
 YONKERS, N. Y. 
 Alex Smith & Son (Complete), 32 furnaces 
 
 CHICAGO, ILL. 
 N. K. Fairbanks Co. 
 
 -MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 
 U. S. Court House, 4 furnaces 
 
 ST. LOUIS, MO. 
 -Vnheuser Busch Brewing Co., 20 furnaces 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 Post-Office and Court House, 8 furnaces 
 
 CHICAGO, ILL. 
 People Gas Light .*c Coke Co., 46 furnaces 
 
 432 
 
J.'C.^Chrislhilf, Photo. 
 BKKNHEIMER BROS.' FAYETTB; STREET STORE 
 
 433 
 
Established 1907 
 
 PATUXENT LUMBER COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Portable Houses 
 and Bungalows 
 
 OFFICE AND FACTORY, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Patuxent Lumber Co. was established 1907, as a partnership by L. J. Houston, Jr., Lemue 
 Wilmer and W. S. Edge, as contractors and dealers in Lumber Supplies for Railroads, Sewer and Founda- 
 tion Work and Heavy Timber. Their work with Railroads brought many orders for Portable Bunk 
 Houses, among which contracts may be mentioned a recent order from Claiborne, Johnston & Co., for 5 
 Portable Bunk Houses, to be used near their works at Cumberland, Md., and West Virginia Junction, 
 W. Va. The Patuxent Lumber Co. are building a Portable Bath House for the Free Bath Commissioners 
 of Baltimore, also have recently completed a 7-room Portable Bungalow, with 2 fire places, 27 ft. front 
 X 44 ft. 7f in. deep, for Mrs. Frank Baldwin, wife of Mr. Baldwin, with Baldwin & Pennington, architects, 
 a 42-foot Portable Poultry House for T. Dudley Riggs, and a 5-room Portable Bungalow for Col. A. E. 
 Randle, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Bungalows Club Houses Inv.ilid Houses Bath Houses 
 
 Cottages School Housss Sunimsr Houses Boat Houses 
 
 Garages Voting Houses Contractors Offices Bunk Houses 
 
 Photograph Galleries Shooting Galleries Play Houses 
 
 Hunters Cabins 
 Plantation Cabins 
 Laborers Shanties 
 
 POULTRY HOUSES, PENS AND COOPS OF ALL KINDS 
 
 The above design Bungalow may be made into any size by adding or taking away sections. 
 
 Porch may be of any desired width and roofed with same material as the house. 
 
 Fireplace and chimney are of fire-proof material and conform in finish to the interior. 
 
 Our houses are stronger than other portable houses, also cheaper, which is made possible by our 
 owning our own timber and saw mills, thus being able to secure the raw material at an advantage over 
 our competitors. 
 
 Complete plans, specifications and prices furnished for houses to conform to any desired design. 
 
 434 
 
J. C. Chri-ilhilj, Photo. 
 
 BALTIMOKE BARGAIN HOUSE, BALTIMORE STREET 
 
 435 
 
J. S. CARTER & CO. 
 
 COMMISSION MERCHANTS. DEALERS IN EXCELSIOR, GRAIN, MILL FEED, HAY, STRAW 
 
 AND MARSH GRASS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 J. S. Carter & Co. was established in 1879, succeeding the original firm of Owens 
 & Bro. The original location of the business was 121 West Pratt Street, but is now 
 situated at 105 Hanover Street. J. S. Carter & Co. are commission merchants and 
 extensive dealers in excelsior, packing material, grain, mill feed, hay, straw and marsli 
 grass. This house enjoys a wide representation for integrity, service and quality, and 
 machinery facilities of the most modern and approved type for the handling of a large 
 and growing business. 
 
 OTTO M. DU BRAU 
 
 ARTISTIC INTERIOR DECORATIONS 
 607 NORTH EUTAW STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Otto M. Du Brau was born in Germany and studied 
 in Hambui-g under Professor Piacliee for five years, subse- 
 ([uent to which time he traveled for three years througli 
 Germany and England, broadening his knowledge of anciciit 
 and modern art. In 18!)5 he came to this country, and lie 
 -<oon saw his field open to find free latitude for the exercises 
 of his ideas and artistic individuality. 
 
 Mr. Otto ;\I. Du Brau enjoys to-day the enviable repu- 
 tation of being one of the most distinguished and artistic 
 decorators in the country; he has decorated a number of 
 the finest residences and he lists among his customers such 
 names as: Mr. Sol. Frank, Mrs. Chas. Hutzler, Mr. H. 
 (Jrinsfelder. Messrs. Max Hochschild, Chas. E. Bartell, Isaac 
 E. Eineison. ete. 
 
 ]\ir. Otto M. Du lirau also makes a specialty of church 
 decora! i(in. and he is known as one of the most successful 
 and eonseieiitious men in this field. Among the many 
 eluirclies lie deeorated may be noted: Foundry M. E. Churcli, 
 Washington, D. C. ; New M. E. Church, Havre de Grace, 
 Md.; Madison Ave. M. V... Vn'um Square M. E. Church, First, Second and Third Re- 
 formed Churches, St. Cecilia Roman Catholic Church, German Zion Church, Anshei 
 Emunali Synagogue and many others. Mr. Du Brau is also closely connected with 
 tlie l^altiiKdie Interlocking Tile Company, of wliicli i-oiii|):iiiy lie is |ire-iileiit. 
 
 4;-!() 
 
BAI.TIMORt; BARGAIN STOKE, 
 
 J. C. ChristhiJf. Photo. 
 FAYETTE STREET 
 
 437 
 
STONE, DORSEY & PRESTON 
 
 GENERAL 
 
 Insurance Agents and Brokers 
 
 306 WATER ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm was established November 1, 1907, by Jas. M. Dorsey and Jas. 
 Oscar Preston. Mr. Dorsey has eighteen years' experience in underwriting 
 through the old fire-insurance firm of Maury & Donnelly, having started as 
 office boy and worked his way up the ladder. He has personally inspected 
 more risks and met more special agents than any other man in the city to-day. 
 
 Mr. Preston has the experience of a bank clerk and credit man. and for 
 four years was an individual broker. He is fully able to hold his own in any 
 of the intricate insurance branches and is widely known throughout the 
 wholesale district. 
 
 On February 1, 1908, seeing the wisdom and necessity of specializing and 
 forming departments, they took two partners, Newell Stone and Jas. E. God 
 win. and continued under the name of Stone, Dorsey & Preston, at the same 
 time forming Stone, Godwin & Co., Inc., with the Hon. Wm. F. Stone, Col- 
 lector of the Port of Baltimore, as President, to handle the liability lines. 
 
 Mr. Newell Stone was brought up with the Maryland Casualty Com- 
 pany, and has the experience of an agent and special field man in accident, 
 health and liability lines. 
 
 Mr. Godwin, by his legal training, is able to give opinions and inter- 
 pretations of contracts and agreements which are of vast benefit to custom- 
 ers and his own oflSce. He is also endowed with an enviable disposition and 
 hosts of friends. 
 
 This firm has the distinction of being the only insurance oflUce on Water 
 Street, which is in the heart of the financial and insurance district. Their 
 ofllce is a wide-awake beehive, handling fire, life, casiuilty, marine, credit, 
 sprinkler insurance and bonds, and keeps strictly up to date in all branches. 
 By the above qualifications this firm is better able to handle, through per- 
 sonal assistance, the business intrusted to them than other offices not so well 
 equipped. 
 
 Their reputation is made and they propose to build a monument of fair 
 dealings with their follow brothers and customers and they have this 
 motto: "Never be satisfied with your personal amoimt of ])roductiveness." 
 Their customers are some of the largest Jewish and Christian firms, as well 
 as corporations, clubs and secret organizations. Telephone C. & P., St. Paul, 
 5112. 
 
 438 
 
J. C. Christhilf, Phuto. 
 
 STEOUSE & BROTHERS 
 
 439 
 
AMERICAN COAT PAD COMPANY 
 
 1007 AND 1009 EAST PRATT STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 THE LARGEST ESTABLISHMENT OF ITS KIND IN THE COUNTRY 
 
 This company was established Jamuiiy 28, 1901, by Louis Bouchat, President, 
 and George Schleimes, Secretary and Treasurer. The original location of the business 
 was at 220 S. Eden Street, but it now occupies 1007, 1009, 1011 E. Pratt Street, which 
 is equipped with the most modern and improved mechanical devices adapted to its 
 special class of business. This company is engaged in the manufacture of apparel pads 
 for men's and women's wear, also non-breakable concave coat fronts. 
 
 The business of this company extends over the United States and into Canada and 
 Mexico as well. The offices maintained directly by the American Coat Pad Company 
 throughout the country and Canada are as follows : 
 
 New York .817 Broadway 
 
 Philadelphia 221 Church St. 
 
 Boston 77 Summer St. 
 
 Chicago 231 E. Jackson Blvd. 
 
 Cincinnati Rawson Bldg., 4th & Ems Sts. 
 
 Clevelantj K) Blackstone Bldg. 
 
 St. Louis 527 Victoria Bldg. 
 
 Louisville 522 W. Main St. 
 
 Buffalo 202 Main St. 
 
 Rociikster 502 Cox Bldg. 
 
 Syracuse 25 Union St. 
 
 San Francisco 2d and Mission Sts. 
 
 Montreal, Canada 212 Coristine Bldg. 
 
 The American Coat Pad Company enjoys the distinction of ranking as the largest 
 establishment of its kind in the I'nited States. 
 
 440 
 
mm 
 
 IMg 
 
 ■1 I *^ 
 
 li 1^ ■■ 
 
 iillir 
 
 *l 
 
 /. C. Christhilf, Ph<do. 
 
 HENBY SONNEBOBN & CO. 
 
 441 
 
PEABODY PIANO CO. 
 
 REPRESENTING THE PEABODY, HENRY F. MILLER, DECKER, STARR, WEAVER AND 
 YORK PIANOS AND PLAYER PIANOS 
 
 216 WEST SARATOGA STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 PEABODY PIANO CO., Inc., 216 West Saratoga Street. 
 JOHN STENGEL, JR., President; LOUIS A. BLAMBERG, 
 Secretary and Treasurer; both being practical piano men 
 of over twenty-five years' experience; representing and 
 carrying a well-selected stock of such leading high-grade 
 pianos and player-pianos as the PEABODY, HENRY F. 
 MILLER, DECKER, STARR, WEAVER, YORK, etc.; and 
 make a specialty of Piano Tuning and Repair Work, which 
 is given personal supervision. Our business being managed 
 on an economical basis, and our fixed expense being small, 
 we are able to undersell our competitors, and our ability 
 to select our exceptional line of pianos, together with our 
 easy payment plan enables everyone purchasing from us to secure the best values at 
 the right price. We have Upright Pianos as low as $200, Player-Pianos $350 to $850 
 and Grand Pianos at $750 up. Be sure to investigate our claim for Lowest Prices, 
 Best Values and Reasonable Terms. Tuning, Repairing and Moving a Specialty. 
 
 THE CASTELBERG NATIONAL JEWELRY COMPANY 
 JACOB CASTELBERG & SON 
 
 106 N. EUTAW ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The historj^ of this house extends back to 1853, when it was established by Mr. 
 Jacob Castelberg. The firm is now composed of Jacob Castelberg, Joseph Castelberg, 
 and Albert Wildman. This house carries one of the most complete and general 
 lines of jewelry in the city, and has branches in Washington and cities in Penn- 
 sylvania. By reason of the very large output through its various stores this 
 house maintains its own importing department and manufacturing plant, which 
 puts it in a position to offer the very best jewelry productions at the most reasonable 
 prices, and that this fact is generally known to jewelry buyers is attested by tlie vast 
 and constant 1\- incieasinff trade which it eninvs. 
 
 PICTURES— FRAMES— MIRRORS— KODAKS 
 
 Our line of Pictures and Frames is exclusive. Portrait Frames a Specialty. Mirrors 
 to-order. We are headquarters for Eastman Kodaks and Supplies. 
 
 H. W. JACKSON COMPANY 
 
 NUMBER 20 WEST LEXINGTON STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Look for the big electric sign 
 
 442 
 
JOEL GUTMAN & CO. 
 
 ■I. C\ C/irislhilf, Pholo. 
 
 443 
 
Resources. 
 
 Loans and Discounts $944,730 56 
 
 Securities 385,996 52 
 
 Cash 344,145 61 
 
 Due from Banks 248,118 80 
 
 NATIONAL HOWARD BANK 
 
 NORTHWEST CORNER OF 
 HOWARD AND FAYETTE STREETS 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 'J'liis bank was ori<^inally establislipd 
 in 1848 as a savinji^s depository. In 
 1854 it became a state bank, and in 
 18!)0 it was converted into a national 
 bank. Tlie officers of tlie National 
 Howard Bank are: Harry Clark, Presi- 
 dent; Thomas O'Neill, Vice-President; 
 William H. Roberts, Jr., Cashier; J. 
 Walter Oster, Assistant Cashier. 
 
 A condensed statement showing con- 
 dition of the business October 13, 1909, 
 is set forth below: 
 
 Liabilitif.s. 
 
 Capital Stock $230,000 00 
 
 Surplus and Undivided Profits 109,618 68 
 
 Circulation 134.000 00 
 
 Deposits 1,449,372 81 
 
 $1,922,991 49 
 
 Henry Ci.ark. 
 Henry Burguxdku. 
 Thomas O'Neill. 
 
 $1,922,991 49 
 
 DIRECTORS 
 Wm. H. Bayless. Joseph A. Bolgiano. James H. Parrish. 
 Wm. C. Carroll. E. Clay Timanus. 
 
 John Waters. 
 
 Wm. H. Roberts, Jr. Jacob Epstein. 
 
 John W. Grace. 
 
 0. c. 
 
 Chenoweth 
 
 
 W. J. 
 
 Chenoweth 
 
 
 
 
 MONARCH LAUNDRY 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CHENOWETH BROS., PROPRIETORS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 360 NORTH GAY STREET 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 C. & P. 'Phone, St. Paul 2336 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 We want your 
 
 trade. If you want good laundry work 
 
 why 
 
 not 
 
 give 
 
 us a 
 
 trial ? 
 
 This will 
 
 convince 
 
 you 
 
 that we are good as the best and better 
 
 than 
 
 the 
 
 rest. 
 
 Drop 
 
 postal or 
 
 'phone us 
 
 and 
 
 one of our wagons will call. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 THE EAGLE WHITE LEAD CO. 
 
 The Eagle White Lead Co. was established under the name of Conklin, Wood & 
 Co., which was later succeeded by Wood & ^IcCoy, and on January 10, 1867, the firm 
 was incorporated as the Eagle White Lead Co. The original and present location of 
 the plant of this company is in Cincinnati, Oliio, and it occupies the same ground as it 
 did in 1843, plus additions made necessary by the increasing business. The Eagle White 
 Lead Co. manufacture white lead (dry and oiled), red lead, litharge, lead pipe, traps, 
 bends, ferrules, solder, babbitt metal, etc. The plant of The Eagle White Lead Co. 
 covers four acres of ground and has facilities equal to those of any other plant in the 
 world; its policy being to produce the best possible goods first, and then, if possible, to 
 reduce the cost of manufacturing. The Baltimore office of The Eagle White Lead Co. 
 is situated at 147 North Street. 
 
 444 
 
CROWN CORK & SEAL CO., GUILFORD AVENUE 
 
 J. C. Christhilf, Photo. 
 
 445 
 
J. H. THIEMEYER COMPANY 
 
 A very important part in the business of Baltimore is filled by the enterprising 
 and progressive box manufacturing company of J. H. Thiemeyer Company. Boxes enter 
 into a vast field of uses with manufacturers and jobbers, and the supply of the can- 
 neries alone is an enormous business of itself. This company is an incorporation of the 
 old firm of J. H. Thiemeyer & Co., which was founded by Mr. J. H. Thiemeyer in 1848. 
 The incorporation took place in January, 1904, under the laws of Delaware, with a 
 
 capital stock of $75,000. The plant is located at 901 South Caroline Street on what is 
 styled the back basis, and covers the greater part of a city block, about 300 by 300 feet, 
 and contains a two and three story building furnished with steam power. All the ma- 
 chinery and fittings are of the most modern and improved type, and the capacity is 
 from 35,000 to 38,000 boxes of all kinds per day. The factory gives employment to 250 
 to .300 hands. The trade extends all over the United States. A specialt}' is the manu- 
 
 facture of "Thiemeyer's Patent" beer and bottle boxes, which have a wide reputation 
 and a large demand. A very large quantity of boxes for the use of canneries is made, 
 and the house is the recognized supply source for many of the large canners. 
 
 446 
 
y ?*m g^ _ 
 
 447 
 
CANTON BOX COMPANY 
 
 A flourishing and representative manufacturing enterprise is the Canton Box 
 Company, manufacturers of boxes and box shooks. Tlie company was incorporated in 
 1897, with an ample capital and a largo investment, under the laws of Maryland. This 
 is one of the largest and best equipj)ed plants of the kind in the United States and does 
 a large business. The plant covers over 400 by WO feet, with 400 feet of water 
 front, and with a wharf on deep water, where vessels can unload and receive cargo. 
 There are two mills, both used for the manufacture of boxes and box shooks. These 
 mills are most thoroughly fitted with all modern patterns of machinery specially be- 
 longing to this line of manufacture, such as nailing and printing machines. The plant 
 is situated at 2515 Boston Street and employs 200 hands. The capacity of the two mills 
 is 60,000 feet of lumber per day, used in the manufacture of boxes and shooks. The 
 company manufactures all kinds and sorts of packing boxes, including those used in the 
 canning industry. The company has a most admirable situation for handling its large 
 business, being connected with the Pennsylvania Railroad, and also having a water front, 
 and thus enabled to ship to its customers by either rail or boat without loss of time. 
 The business of the company is large and augmenting; the consumption of packing boxes 
 among the fruit and vegetable canners alone is enormous. The firm has a high reputa- 
 tion for quality of product and for the prompt fulfilment of orders. A specialty is the 
 manufacture of special sized boxes to order. The company manufactures wooden boxes 
 only. The officers are: Rufus K. Goodenow, president; John S. Sutton, vice-president, 
 and S. Edward Schwartz, secretary and treasurer. 
 
 ALPHA PHOTO-ENGRAVING CO. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF PHOTO ENGRAVINGS 
 NORTHEAST CORNER HOWARD AND FAYETTE STREETS 
 
 The Alpha riioto-Eu- 
 graving Co. was estab- 
 lislied under the laws of 
 .Maryland in 1895, with V. 
 T. Blogg, treasurer and 
 general manager, and 1 1 . 
 K. Ogier, secretary. ^Ir. 
 Blogg had been previously 
 connected with Bartgis 
 Bros. Co. and the Lord 
 Baltimore Press, and Mr. 
 Ogier with the Maryland 
 Color Printing Co. The 
 company was originally lo- 
 cated at 217 East German 
 Street, where their plant 
 was destroyed by the fire 
 of 1904. The present home 
 of the company is ad- 
 mirably located at the 
 northeast corner of How- 
 ard and Fayette Streets, 
 with unsurpassed facilities 
 for the manufacture of 
 plioto-engravings and line 
 cuts. 
 
 44S 
 
449 
 
CROWLEY & SKIPPER 
 
 PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL CONSTRUCTION 
 
 237 RICHMOND STREET 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Tliis firm was originally established by Mr. D. Fred. Crowley, whose experience 
 had been acquired with such firms as C. Y. Davidson Co., Geo. W. Walther Co. and 
 Arthur Franzen & Co. Mr. Crowley has since associated with him Mr. Chas. 0. Skipper, 
 a man of wide and practical experience. The original location of the business was 
 at 24 Clay Street, where is conducted a thoroughly equipped and up-to-date estab- 
 lishment for the conducting of a general plumbing and electrical construction 
 business. The firm refers to its work at all times and mentions among its many 
 contracts those of : 
 
 Ephraim Macht Building, City; Tolchester Beach Comfort Building; 'Sir. Stewart 
 Oliver, City; apartment house for Clyde N. Friz, Mrs. Wm. R. Martin, Royal Oak. Md.: 
 A. W. Wamfale, Roland Park; Frederick H. Weber, Mt. Washington. 
 
 CHAS. H. LUCAS 
 
 1013 LIGHT STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Lucas' experience covers a range of more than thirty years, five years of which 
 have been directed from the above address. All kinds of painting — house, cottage and 
 large work — are cheerfully estimated. ^Vmong the residences and cottages painted by 
 Mr. Lucas are those of the following representative Baltimoreans : 
 
 Benj. J. Nusbaum, Woodbrook Avenue. 
 
 Chas. Hahn, Assistant Cashier National Mechanics' Bank. 
 
 Chas. F. Fiske, Sewing Machine Dealer. 
 
 F. L. Schillinberg, Furniture, and more recently the handsome residence of Mr. 
 Louis T. Weis, U. S. Immigration Commissioner at the Port of Baltimore. 
 
 Mr. Lucas' "Carbon" paint for tin roofs is highly recommended and widely 
 endorsed. 
 
 FLANNERY-GRIFFITHS CO. 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This firm was established in 1905 by B. G. Griffiths and M. H. Jones under the 
 firm name of B. G. Griffiths & Co., which firm was later changed to the Flannery- 
 Griffiths Co., composed of M. Frank Flannery and Brighton G. Griffiths. The original 
 location of the firm was 103 Mercer Street, and the present location is 11 1 Mercer Street. 
 The Flannery-Griffiths Co. are engineers, machinists and contractors, and furnish and 
 install boilers, pumps, engines, marine repairs, general steam and hot-water heating, 
 stationary and steamship supplies, and are special manufacturers of steel dies, special 
 machinery and propeller wheels. Among the important contracts handled by this com- 
 pany are the rebuilding of the 175-kilowatt Armington & Sims engines in Baltimore 
 Post-office Building; also Lipps-Murbaoh Co., Calverton ; installation of the Marine 
 Hospital steam-healing plant, which amply show the capacity and facilities of this 
 company for handling large work. 
 
 450 
 
J. C. Christhilf, Photo. 
 MACIIT BUILDING, UALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 451 
 
UNITED CRAFTSMEN 
 
 THE LEGALIZED RESERVE ORDER 
 HOME OFFICE: 403-404-405 CARROLL BUILDING, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The United Craftsmen Insurance Order made its debut in the Baltimore insurance 
 field in the fall of 1909 — Ijeing authorized to operate under a sjKicial cliarter granted by 
 the Maryland Legislature. This order has attracted much attention among insurance 
 experts — especially fraternal organizations. 
 
 The United Craftsmen has made rapid strides since it began operating, and the 
 prophecy made by Prof. Walter S. Nicholos — the Yale University insurance lecturer, who 
 in a speech delivered in Baltimore said "that the Maryland organization of the United 
 Craftsmen furnishes a model for organizations of its kind in the country" — has been 
 verified. 
 
 The order is safe, sound and scientific, and an opportunity and a privilege awaits 
 the applicant. 
 
 Ex-Congressman Thomas A. Smith, of the First Congressional District, is the Su- 
 preme President of the order, and Mr. James Higgins, formerly of Cambridge, Md., is 
 the Supreme Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Higgins is well and favorably known in Baltimore, where he has a host of 
 friends, being prominently identified in legal circles, having been at one time States At- 
 torney for Dorchester County, Md. 
 
 JOHN A. GRIFFITH & COMPANY 
 
 IMPORTERS OF TAILORS' TRIMMINGS 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 John A. Griffith & Co. was established seventy-two years ago, originally by 
 John A. Griffith, James O'Neil and Joseph Maguire. The business is now conducted 
 by Edward A. Griffith, son of John A. Griffith, all the original members of the firm be- 
 ing deceased. The original location of the business was in Cincinnati, and now in Chi- 
 cago and Baltimore. The first store location of this firm in Baltimore was over Can- 
 field's jewelry store, at the southwest corner of Baltimore and Charles Streets. John 
 A. Griffith & Co. may be justly called the pioneers in their line of business. 
 
 SECURITY HEATING CO. 
 
 HOT WATER AND STEAM HEATING 
 
 416 CONWAY STREET 
 
 Thia business was established in December, 1908, and at the present time is under 
 the management of Robert A. Sumwalt. The Security Heating Co. are specialists in the 
 installation of hot water and steam heating plants. Among the contracts fulfilled are 
 the following: 
 
 Frank Callaway McLaughlin Bros. J. Hollz 
 
 Bartlett S. Johnston Chamber lin Metal S. Linthicum 
 
 Louis Roth Weather Strip Co. C. D. Kenny Co. 
 
 C. P. Hammond C. E. McLane J. H. Reid 
 
 And many other prominent builders, firms and individuals. 
 
 452 
 
J . ('. Chn-^Uiilf, Plwto. 
 GOMPRECHT & BENESCH 
 
 453 
 
M, & A. LEVI 
 
 The firm of M. & A. Levi was established October, 1896, by Mr. Max Levi, who 
 prior to that time had been with Strouse & Bros, for eleven years. Later Mr. Abraham 
 Levi became a member of the firm. The original location of this business was at 533 
 North Gay Street, but, owing to the growth of the business, it was moved to the present 
 location, 582-584 North Gay Street, where every equipment and facility essential to 
 high-class production are installed. This firm manufactures children's dresses, rompers, 
 aprons and kindred items, and employs six salesmen and from 150 to 200 hands. M. & 
 A. Levi also conduct a mail-order system, which brings them business from nearly every 
 State in the Union. The reputation of this firm has been earned by the high-class 
 production and constant integrity in every department. 
 
 BALTIMORE LUMBER CO. 
 
 ToNEY ScHLcss, Proprietor 
 
 BUILDING LUMBER AND MILL WORK 
 
 YAKDS: 1119-1131 WATSON STREET 
 
 WAREHOUSES: 1118-1126 WATSON STREET AND CENTRAL AVENUE, 
 FAIRMOUNT AVENUE AND EDEN STREET 
 
 This business was established by Mr. Toney Schloss, February, 1908, under 
 the firm name of Baltimore Lumber Co. The Company enjoys an extensive trade 
 in building lumber and mill work. The yards of the Company are situated at 
 1119-1131 Watson Street, with warehouses at 1118-112G Watson Street and Central 
 Avenue, Fairmount Avenue and Eden Street. The jx)li('y of the business is "To Sell 
 Honest Goods at Honest Prices," which policy has won, and continues to win, for 
 it large business favors from users of high-grade lumber and mill work. 
 
 454 
 
STBAUSS BKOTHEKS 
 
 455 
 
S. A. RIPPLE & BRO. 
 
 BROOM MAKTJFACTURERS 
 1214-1216 BIDGELY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The firm started business in a stable loft in 188<). In 1890 they were occupying 
 quarters at 1232 to 1239 Burgundy Alley, remaining there till the completion of their 
 present home — a three-story structure 120 by 32 feet on Ridgely Street. 
 
 The number of employees is 150, and nine Cassard Baltimore stitching machines 
 and thirty-five winding machines are kept going. 
 
 The 1909 output was slightly over 60,000 dozen brooms and wisps. Their trade 
 extends throughout the country in general. 
 
 F. E. SCHNEIDER PAVING CO. 
 
 ASPHALT BLOCK, SHEET ASPHALT, BELGIAN BLOCK AND VITRIFIED BRICK PAVE- 
 MENTS, ASPHALT TILE. GRANOLITHIC AND ARTIFICIAL STONE SIDEWALKS, 
 CONCRETE FOrNDATIONS, CEMENT FLOORS, CELLARS, ETC. 
 
 The F. E. Schneider Paving Co. has for its officers: John G. Schwind, president; 
 Robert J. Padgett, treasurer and general manager; Frank E. Schneider, manager of 
 construction; Charles Frederick, Jr., secretary. The company has fulfilled many large 
 street paving contracts for the City of Baltimore, and its main office is at Monroe and 
 Lorman Streets, with office of the general manager at 331 Law Building. 
 
 
 JOHN R. YOUNG 
 
 CATERER 
 
 
 134 
 
 RICHMOND STREET, BALTIMORE, 
 
 MD. 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 GRANT STOCKHAM & CO. 
 
 GENERAL FIRE INSURANCE AGENTS AND BROKERS 
 417 EAST BALTIMORE STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 456 
 
THE PHOTOCHROME ENGRAVING COMPANY 
 
 Designers and Engravers of 
 Half-Tone, Line and Color 
 Plates of the Highest Quality 
 
 ONE SIXTY-TWO AND ONE SIXTY-SIX LEONARD STREET, NEW YORK 
 
 MARK D. HARRIGAN 
 
 MAKXTFACTUREK OF MACHINE-CAST PRINTERS' ROLLERS AND PRESS ROOM SUPPLIES 
 
 This business was established in 1898 at 109 South Street, but shortly afterward 
 moved to 310 North Holliday Street, where a daily capacity of 100 rollers is main- 
 tained. To meet the growing demand Mr. Harrigan will shortly occupy a new large 
 three-story plant, where his capacity will be increased to 400 rollers per day. 
 
 The "Harrigan Roller" is shipped to all points in the North, East and South, and 
 is the largest establishment of its kind in Baltimore. 
 
 BALTIMORE ROLLER CO. 
 102 MARKET PLACE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This business was established in 1903 by Herman Baumgarten and Arthur Baum- 
 garten, under the title of Baltimore Roller Co., which business was purchased in 1905 
 by Mr. H. C. Godwin. The original location of this plant was 613 Water Street, but 
 is now situated at 102 Market Place, where is manufactured the highest grade of 
 printers' rollers. The quality cf the roller manufactured by Mr. Godwin, coupled with 
 his fair dealing methods, have made and retained for him a broad line of patrons. 
 
 457 
 
PURITY CREAMERY CO. 
 
 HARRT F. GRIGGS, PROPRIETOR 
 
 429 WEST LEXINGTON STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Purity Creamery Co. is owned by Mr. Harry F. Griggs, who does an extensive 
 business in fine butter, butterine and eggs, in both wholesale and retail lines. The com- 
 pany maintains a magnificent store at 429 West Lexington Street. 
 
 GAITHER'S CITY AND SUBURBAN EXPRESS CO. 
 407 WEST LOMBARD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Gaither's City and Suburban Express Co. was organized in 1900 and is engaged in 
 the Express and Transfer business, via wagons and express cars, forwarding baggage 
 and freight to all parts of the city and suburban points. The company operates express 
 cars by trolley between the following suburban and interurban points, viz.: 
 
 Govans Wal brook Woodlawn 
 
 Towson Ellicott City Hilldale 
 
 Roland Park Highlandtown Halethorpe 
 
 Mt. Washington Canton Pleasant Hill 
 
 Pikesville Locust Point Tobins 
 
 Owings Mills Back and Middle Rivers Relay 
 
 Reisterstown Oella Laurel 
 
 The Gaither's City and Suburban Express Co. maintains the highest class of 
 service and is noted for ])ronipt and efficient deliveries. 
 
 4.')S 
 
CHAS. L. CUNNINGHAM & CO. 
 
 MANTTFACTTTaESS OF HIGH-GBADE, MABE-TO-ORDEB FLT SCBEENS 
 845 WEST LOMBABD STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 This company manufactures high-grade, made- to-order Fly Screens and Doors, and 
 its business extends through Maryland, Virginia and District of Columbia. 
 
 Moaarcb InterlocKing Metal Weather Strip. 
 
 WILLIAM F. WELSH 
 
 CONTBACTOR AND BUILDER 
 250 WEST PRESTON STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Mr. Welsh began business in 1905 on Centre Street near Calvert, and later moved 
 his shop to the above address. Among the contracts completed are the following: 
 
 Chapel and hall, Oblate Sisters of Providence (colored), Chase and Forrest Streets; 
 residence and undertaking establishment for John J. Cowan; twenty-five dwelling houses 
 for Dr. Bernard Muse; store and dwelling for James Dignan & Sons, Hamburg and Paca 
 Streets ; store front and improvements for the "Quality Shop" Clothing Store, and also 
 for New York Clothing House; apartment houses, 1919-1923 Eutaw Place for Thos. W. 
 Brundige, and many others. 
 
 H. W. BISSING 
 
 BOTTLEB AND DISTBIBTJTOB LEMP ST. LOUIS BEEB 
 409 W. SARATOGA ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Established above agency 1908. Prior experience 25 years in beer business. First 
 Pabst Brewing Company agent in Baltimore and for eight years was general agent and 
 manage! of Ruppert's bottbng plant in New York City. Mr. Bissing is also local repre- 
 sentative of Rudolf Oelsner, beer importer of New York. 
 
 459 
 
CHARLES FICKERT 
 
 ALL KINDS OF COPPEHWAKE FOR BAKERS, CONFECTIONERS AND ICE CREAM 
 MANUFACTURERS. HOTEL AND KITCHEN WARE 
 
 824 ENSOB STREET 
 
 This business was established about nine years ago by Mr, Charles Fickert, and 
 now occupies a well-equipped plant at 824 Ensor Street. Mr. Fickert enjoys a large 
 local and out-of-toMTi trade, shipping his goods throughout the United States. 
 
 NIELERHOEFER'S RESTAURANT 
 
 FRITZ W. BAUM, PROPRIETOR 
 320 W. SARATOGA ST., BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Early in the present year (1910) Mr. Fritz W. Bauni, an experienced ^^stau- 
 ranteur of Washington, D. C, assumed charge of the well-known Niederhoefer Restau- 
 rant, which was ej^tablished by John Niederhoefer and conducted during many years 
 by him. 
 
 Mr. Baum was for seven years in charge of "The Lose Kam" restaurant in Wash- 
 ington, and his thorough training in the restaurant field is in evidence in his present 
 venture. "Niederhoefer's" is not unknown to the business men of Baltimore — those 
 who enjoy an excellent cuisine 
 
 THE OLD TOWN NATIONAL BANK 
 
 CAPITAL, $200,000 SURPLUS AND PROFITS. S95,000 
 
 AVERAGE DEPOSITS, $1,400,000 
 
 GAY AND EXETER STREETS 
 
 The Old Town National Bank is a United States, State and City Depositary, and 
 issues Letters of Credit and Foreign Exchange. The officers are: Jacob W. Hook, 
 President; Aaron Benesch, Vice-President; llonry O. Kedue, Ca-shier. 
 
 460 
 
JOHN COWAN 
 
 BUILDER AND CONTHACTOR 
 106 WEST MADISON STREET 
 
 Mr. Cowan began business on his own account in 1873, in Baltimore County near 
 Pikesville, and after ten years, owing to the widened area of his business he moved to 
 lOG West Madison Street, Baltimore City. Mr. Cowan is one of the most widely known 
 builders in Baltimore and has been identified with the construction of the most im- 
 portant buildings in this section of the country. Notably among which may be men- 
 tioned the following: 
 
 Blue Mountain House, Pen Mar, Md. 
 Johns Hopkins Hospital, Surgical Buildings. 
 Maryland Country Club, Park Heights Avenue. 
 Baltimore Country Club, Roland Park. 
 Baltimore Club, Charles and Madison Avenues. 
 Power House and Cottages, Maryland Sanitari- 
 um for Tuberculosis. Sabilasville, Md. 
 Hospital for Women of Maryland. 
 Enoch Pratt Library No. 12. 
 
 Administration Building, Maryland School for Boys. 
 Residence, Mr. Louis Gutman. 
 Cohen & Hughes Building. 
 Gate House Oheb Shalem Cemetery. 
 HeNo Tea Building. 
 Mr. R. Brent Keyser, Residence. 
 Mr. Wm. Keyser, Jr., Residence. 
 Women's Exchange Building. 
 Muth Bros. Building. 
 Sanders & Stayman Building. 
 
 
 WARKEN-EHRET COMPANY 
 
 131 CHEAPSIDE, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND 
 
 This Company was established in 1852 and is the 
 originator of Composition manufacturing and later on 
 patented Ehret's Slag Roofing. It is now the Standard 
 roof for all large Manufacturing Plants, Hotels, Munici- 
 pal buildings and others, because of its known merits, 
 and is guaranteed 10 years. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Scranton, Norfolk. 
 
 New Willard Hotel, Washington, D. C. 
 
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 BENJAMIN F. BENNETT BUILDING CO. 
 
 CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS 
 123 SOUTH HOWARD STREET 
 
 This company was incorporated January, 1908, succeeding to the business founded 
 and maintained for many years by Benjamin F. Bennett, who is now president and 
 treasurer of the succeeding companj', with S. Frank Bennett, vice-president and general 
 manager and Robert H. Dew, secretary. This company does a general building business 
 and has facilities for handling contracts of any proportion. The ofllices of the Benja- 
 min F. Bennett Building Co. are located at 123 South Howard Street, Baltimore, Md. 
 
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BROADWAY CENTRAL HOTEL 
 
 BROADWAY, CORNER THIRD STREET 
 
 IN THE HEART OF NEW YOKK 
 
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 ONLY MEOniM PRICE HOTEL. L K tT IN 
 NEW YORK 
 
 Special attention given to ladies 
 unescorted 
 
 Special Rates for Summer 
 
 OUR TABIJi 
 
 is the foundation of our enormoua 
 busiaesa 
 
 American Plan 
 European Plan 
 
 $2.50 upwards 
 $1.00 upwards 
 
 SEND FOR 
 
 LARGK COLORED MAP OF 
 
 NEW YORK. FREE 
 
 DAN. C. WEBB, Proprietor 
 
 The Only Hew York Hotel Featuring 
 American Plan 
 
 MODERATE PRICES EXCELLENT FOOD 
 
 GOOD SERVICE 
 
 German Catfe/- 
 
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 K^TAVRANT 
 
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 ^R>NCHNER, LOWENBRAV 
 
 2\ND 
 
 PEL6NEi^ BEE.R:> 
 
 IMPORTLD 
 
 R-HiNE AND Moselle^ 
 
 ViNE^. ^PI^lIALTrtS 
 
 Ajuaua BKMtceR 
 
 This well-known German restaurant was established by the late Fritz Fuchs, who died in 190(3. 
 Since then it has been operated by Albert Brugger, who for six years prior to Mr. Fuch's death waa in 
 his employ as manager. Mr. Brugger has made many improvements, equipped a handsome dining- 
 room on the second floor, and established one of the finest German kitchens to be found in Baltimore, 
 on the third floor. The service is strictly German and the choicest of foreign wines and imported 
 beers are served. 
 
 462 
 
MOSF.S N. FRANK 
 
 463 
 
JAMES W. DORSEY 
 
 GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS. TRUNKS AND PARCELS DELIVERED 
 TO ANY PART OF THE CITY 
 
 CORNER LINDEN AVENUE AND McMECHEN STREET 
 
 Mr. Dorsey establislied his grocery business in 1895 at 20!) McMechon Street, and 
 in 1898 moved to his present location, where is conducted an ideal grocery and 
 provision store. Mr. Dor.sey also does an extensive baggage and parcel express business. 
 
 C & P Phone, St. Paul 5224. 
 
 STANFIELD-BEVAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 
 
 GENERAL CONTRACTORS 
 14 NORTH GREENE STREET 
 
 Jobbing given prompt attention. 
 
 Nothing too large, nothing too small for us to handle. 
 
 Get an estimate from us before going ahead. 
 
 It will pay you and us. 
 
 THE NATIONAL BANK OF COMMERCE 
 26 SOUTH STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 Established 1854. This institution has always occupied the original site. August, 
 1902, a new bank building was erected, which, however, was destroyed by the "big 
 fire," February, 1905. The present magnificent structure was erected and occupied 
 January, 1905 — less than one year after the notable conflagration. The National Bank 
 of Commerce claims the distinction of being the first financial institution to occupy 
 a "new home" after the fire. The officers are Eugene Levering, President; Jas. R. 
 Edmunds, Vice-President and Casliier; Magruder Powell and Tliomas Hildt, Assistant 
 Cashiers. 
 
 Capital, surplus and undivided profits $1,050,000. 
 
 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 
 
 
 
 N. KRAMER 
 
 
 
 
 
 LADIES' TAILOR 
 
 
 
 1602 
 
 WEST 
 
 LAFAYETTE AVENUE, 
 
 BALTIMORE, 
 
 MD. 
 
 iCA 
 
E. ROSENFELD & CO. 
 
 465 
 
SOLD TO 
 
 HENRY SCHWARZ 
 
 TOYS AND FANCY GOODS 
 
 313 NOBTH CHARLES STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 MANNO SWARTZ 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 ASSET- AUDIT & ADJUSTMENT CO. 
 
 ADJUSTERS OF FIRE LOSSES FOR THE INSURED 
 
 L. M. LANG 
 Attorney-at-Law (Succeeding P. Carter Ko Eune <fe Co.) 
 
 1614 CONTINENTAL BUILDING 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 WILLIAM G. HENKEL 
 
 HEATING AND PLUMBING 
 1021 LIGHT STREET 
 
 4C.C) 
 
MAX JOBFE 
 
 ■ 
 
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 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
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 CHARLES S. LEDVINKA 
 467 
 
HAVE YOU VISITED 
 
 ~ "" DELICIOUS ICE CREAM SODA AND SONDAES 
 
 BONBONS CHOCOLATES 
 
 FANCY BASKETS, BOXES AND NOVELTIES 
 
 18 AND 20 EAST BALTIMORE STREET 
 
 Open Evenings 
 
 DR. JARVIS 
 
 BILIOUS AND BOWEL BULLETS PROTECT THE CONSTITUTION 
 
 JARVIS DRUG & CHEMICAL CO. 
 
 PARK AVENUE AND MULBERRY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 All all Druggists Ask for B B B 
 
 This Ammunition is Protection Against all Sickness 
 
 GERMAN-AMERICAN BANK OF BALTIMORE 
 
 This hank was founded in April, 1871, and has had a long and prosperous career, 
 being one of the most important financial institutions in the eastern section of the 
 city. The bank has a capital of $300,000, surplus and profits $130,000, and deposits 
 $800,000. The ofTicers of the company are: President, William Schwarz; vice-presi- 
 dent, Samuel Smith; cashier, ('. 1!. Kvaiis. Dirrrlois: William Schwarz. Samuel 
 K. Smith, .1. Edward Diiker. .1. C. Laiiiji, K. 1). Scliluderberjf, Cehhard Leimbach. 
 Samuel A. Rice, John Mahr, William Booz, William A. Smith, George Gunther, 
 Jr. 
 
 468 
 
JOHN E. HURST & COMPANY 
 
 HOPKINS PLACE AND LOMBARD STREET 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 As a great dry goods market, Baltimore stands in the front rank among the eastern 
 cities, and with its vast assortment of domestic and imported stocks, its low prices 
 and its shipping facilities, commands a trade of national scope. Immense dry goods 
 emporiums have been organized to supply the vast tributary section of which Balti- 
 more is the natural source of supply, and great sums of money are represented by great 
 modern establishments. The oldest and largest house in the dry goods line is that of 
 John E. Hurst & Company, which has been actively identified with the rapid growth 
 of the dry goods jobbing trade of Baltimore since 1831, when the business was founded 
 as Hurst & Co. Later the style became Hurst, Purnell & Co. In 1895 Mr. Purnell 
 withdrew from the business, and the style became as at present. Mr. John E. Hurst 
 died Januarj' 6, 1904. The immense trade of the house covers the United States from 
 the Atlantic to the Pacific Coast. They are direct importers of dry goods, notions. 
 white goods, gloves, corsets and a varied assortment in this line. 
 
 SOLD TO 
 
 CLUB HAND LAUNDRY 
 
 902 MADISON AVENUE 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 469 
 
mv 
 
 A 1910 
 
 BROADWAY CENTRAL HOTEL 
 
 BROADWAY, CORNER THIRD STREET 
 
 IN THK HKAHT OF NEW YOKK 
 
 JfO f f^ r r 1 f r r f f t I f ftrp 
 
 ONt.Y MEDIUM PRICE HOTEL LEFT IN 
 NEW YORK 
 
 Special attention given to ladies 
 unescorted 
 
 Special Rates for Summer 
 
 OITR TABLE 
 
 is the foundiition of our enormous 
 
 business 
 
 American Plan - $2.50 upwards 
 European Plan - $1.00 upwards 
 
 SEND FOR 
 
 LARGE COLORED MAP OF 
 
 NEW YORK. FRliE 
 
 DAN. C. WEBB, Proprietor 
 
 The Only New ' York Hotel Featuring 
 American Plan 
 
 MODERATE PRICES EXCELLENT FOOD 
 
 GOOD SERVICE 
 
 sboi 
 
 German Cat^ 
 k^tavra-nt 
 
 e) 
 
 MuNCiiNER LoWENBRaW 
 
 AND 
 
 PELSNEJi. Beer? 
 
 IMPORTED 
 
 r-hine and mosellb^ 
 Vines. ^Specialties 
 
 ^Q3 JVe3f~LeXJn9ton Jtr.j>earCvtdiy^^ 
 
 ALALRX BitVtKiEil 
 
 This well-known German restaurant was established by the late Fritz Fuehs, who died in 1906. 
 Since then it has been operated by Albert HrunKer, who for six years prior to Mr. Fuch's death was in 
 his employ as manager. Mr. Brugger has made many improvements, equipped a handsome dining- 
 room on the second tioor, and established one of the finest German kitchens to be found in Baltimore, 
 on the third floor. The service is strictly German and the clioicest of foreign wines and imported 
 beers are served. 
 
 470 
 
 W 82 
 
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 LEWIS L. WALTER 
 
 INDEPENDENT COAL COMPANY 
 
 Coal and Wood 
 
 Office: 325 N. HOWARD STREET Yard: 60 W. OLIVER STREET 
 
 BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 The Independent Coal Co. began business in 1905 at Bolton Depot. The original 
 and piesent members of the company being R. Benson Phelps, Morgan E. Phelps and 
 I^wis L. Walter. The office of the company is at 325 N. Howard Street and the 
 yard at 60 West Oliver Street. The high grades of coal and wood handled by the 
 Independent Coal Company have won for it a large and loyal patronage which accounts 
 for the steady increase in the volume of its business from the beginning. The members 
 of the company are well-known business men Avith un1)1emished records for ««\iterprise 
 and integrity. 
 

 
 
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